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Vibrant flavors make the perfect centerpiece for any gathering. Conversations are livelier, smiles wider, ideas a little sharper when your guests discover a new taste, an unusual ingredient, served up with tropical style. For any special occasion: wedding celebrations, birthday parties, anniversaries, summer picnics, office lunch, staff meetings and beyond.
We'll help you plan and execute the perfect celebration and add a little taste of paradise! Salvador Molly's Catering is full service and totally flexible. We'll pack your food ready for pick up or we'll bring it to you and set everything up. Full service including decorations, flowers and servers are also available.
The Tiki room holds 35 people seated comfortably or 50 people for a cocktail style engagement.
For a PARTY OF 20 PEOPLE or less for dinner, ordering entrées off the menu is available. We strongly suggest appetizer platters be pre-ordered.
For a PARTY OF 21 PEOPLE or more for dinner, a smaller menu is provided. We will work with you to choose a menu of options that suits your guests needs. If appetizers are part of the dinner they will need to be pre-ordered.
Sunday – Thursday $200
Deposit of $200 when reserving the room.
Friday – Saturday $300
Deposit of $300 when reserving the room.
18% gratuity is added to any party over 6 people. We are able to split the check with up to three credit cards maximum. The room will be reserved once a credit card given is charged.
Your build-your-own custom taco bar comes complete with white corn tortillas, garlic-lime aioli, salsa fresca, crema, crisp red and green shredded cabbage, cotija cheese, Yucatan pink pickled onions and cilantro-onion taqueria mix, as well as our yellow coconut rice and spicy black beans.
Your Meats: Yucatan chicken, Jerk Chicken, Mojo Kalua Pork, Tamarindo BBQ Pork.
Your Veggies: Jerk vegetables, Tamarindo BBQ vegetables, Chimichurri vegetables
One filling $12.50 per person (add $1.50 per person for tofu)
Two fillings $16.50 per person (add $1.50 per person for tofu)
Three fillings $19.50 per person (any 3 choices)
Add Taqueria-sized flour tortillas .80 for two
Four hours notice
BBQ Pork Slider Bar – Toasted slider rolls, pulled BBQ pork and coconut-mango slaw, all delivered separately to build your own sliders!
Platter for 12 (16 pieces) $30.00
Platter for 20 (24 pieces) $48.00
Platter for 50 (56 pieces) $115.00
Yucatan Chicken Tamale
Artichoke and Cotija Cheese
Vegan Tamales
Our tamales are hand-made, freshly steamed and entrée-sized (a meal, not a snack!). Let us know if you'd like yours cut in half.
All Tamales come with crema, cotija cheese, salsa fresca, fresh house-made guacamole and Yucatan pink pickled onions. Tamale bar also comes with yellow rice and spicy black beans on the side.
$12.50 per person
Try them "Borracho" – topped with mild red chile sauce and lots of melted cheese Add $2.00 per person
Four hours notice
Shrimp Satay Platter
Choose up to three flavors on each platter.
Chimichurri (shrimp + cherry tomato) with garlic-lime aioli
Berebere (shrimp + cush cush crouton) with roasted tomato aioli
King Creole (shrimp + red & green bell pepper) with Heartbreak aioli
Tandoori (shrimp + cucumber) with mint raita
Garlic Mojo (shrimp + tomato wedge) with garlic-lime aioli
Tamarindo BBQ (shrimp + red onion) with Tamarindo BBQ sauce
Korean Bulgogi (shrimp + lime wedge) with Coral Reef sauce
Platter for 12 people 12 shrimp satay + 6 oz sauce $50.40
Platter for 20 people 20 shrimp satay + 14 oz sauce $87.52
Platter for 50 people 50 shrimp satay + 20 oz sauce $160.50
48 hours notice
Molly's Global Chicken Satay Platter
Choose up to three flavors on each platter.
Jamaican Jerk with mango chutney
Korean Bulgogi with smoked sesame-onion dip
Namibian Braii with red chile aioli
Peruvian Aji-Limon with avocado crema
Trinidad Tamarind BBQ with mango mustard
Argentinian Chimichurri with garlic-lime aioli
Indian Tandoori with cucumber-mint raita
Platter for 12 (15 skewers + 6 oz sauce) $28.50
Platter for 20 (25 skewers + 12 oz sauce) $42.50
Platter for 50 (60 skewers + 20 oz sauce) $105.50
48 hours notice
Beef Satay Platter
Choose up to three flavors on each platter.
*All Beef satay prepared with choice American flatiron steak*
Chimichurri (2 oz beef + cherry tomato) with garlic-lime aioli
Berebere (2 oz beef + cush cush crouton) with roasted tomato aioli
King Creole (2 oz beef + red&green bell pepper) with Heartbreak aioli
Tandoori (2 oz beef + cucumber) with mint raita
Garlic Mojo (2 oz beef + tomato wedge) with garlic-lime aioli
Tamarindo BBQ (2 oz beef + red onion) with Tamarindo BBQ sauce
Korean Bulgogi (2 oz beef + lime wedge) with Coral Reef sauce
Platter for 12 people 12 beef satay + 6 oz sauce $89.75
Platter for 20 people 20 beef satay + 14 oz sauce $140.50
Platter for 50 people 50 beef satay + 20 oz sauce $330.00
48 hours notice
World Tour Platter – $130
Namibian Braii chicken skewers
6 each, with garlic-lime aioli and spicy red chile sauce GF
Hongos con Aji
Spanish garlic and smoked paprika pan-seared mushrooms . Served with grilled garlic bread.
Jerk Shrimp Skewers
6 each, with grilled mango chutney GF
Turkish Ajvar & Flatbread
8 oz roasted vegetable dip, 5 oz Labneh, Aleppo pepper & EVOO, grilled flatbread, sliced cucumber V
Peruvian Green Quinoa Salad
8 oz salad, corn tortilla chips VE/GF
48 hours notice
Bollywood Platter – $125
Tandoori Chicken Skewers
6 each, with cucumber-mint raita dip GF
Baigan Choka
8 oz savory roasted eggplant dip, grilled flatbread VE
Masala Shrimp skewers
6 each, with mango-tamarind sauce GF
Coriander Roasted Aloo Gobi
Golden potatoes and local Cauliflower with mint raita V/GF
Curry-Seared Paneer
Spiced cubes of seared paneer cheese on a bed of garlic-wilted greens GF
48 hours notice
Southeast Asia Platter – $130
Green Curry Chicken skewers
6 each with mango salsa GF
Tamarind Shrimp Satay
6 each, with Tamarindo bbq sauce GF
Bulgogi Beef Satay
6 each on a bed of herb-onion crunch salad GF
Charred Mango Salsa
16 oz of our unique, spicy, mango-tomato-chile salsa, with wonton chips V
Thai Sausage
12 grilled medallions of our house-made Thai pork sausage, with sriracha aioli dip GF
48 hours notice
Mexican Fiesta Platter – $150
Pollo en Pibil Chicken skewers
6 each, marinated in pineapple juice and achiote paste, with garlic-lime aioli GF
Jalisco Triple Dip
8 oz each pico de gallo, salsa Mo'cajete, fresh guacamole, plus white corn tortilla chips VE/GF
Papas Bravas
Wedges of Yukon Gold Potatoes roasted with garlic & chipotle chiles, with roasted tomato-chile crema
Cerveza Beef skewers
6 each flatiron steak skewers, marinated in Mexican dark beer & garlic, on a bed of herb-onion crunch salad GF
Cumin Shrimp skewers
6 each, with avocado crema GF
48 hours notice
Caribbean Queen Platter – $128
Jerk Chicken Skewers
6 each, plus grilled mango chutney GF
Pineapple Bacon Skewers
Glazed with tangy tamarind mustard! GF
Tamarind Shrimp Satay
6 each, with mango salsa GF
Jamaican Herb-Roasted Gold Potatoes
Yukon gold potato wedges roasted with thyme, garlic and a smidge of habanero, with garlic-lime aioli V/GF
Red Stripe Beef skewers
6 each flatiron steak skewers marinated in Red Sripe beer & garlic, with spicy charred tomato dip GF
48 hours notice
Molly's Sandwich Sampler Platter
Choose up to three sandwich choices
La Cubana – Slices of our classic ham, pork, Swiss cheese, dill pickle & yellow mustard, with garlic-lime aioli and pickled onion on a toasted Cuban roll.
Jerk Chicken and Mango – Wedges of juicy chargrilled chicken breast, grilled mango chutney, garlic spinach and garlic-lime aioli on toasted baby rolls.
Thai Sausage Baguette – Medallions of house-made grilled Thai-spiced pork sausage, spicy aioli, sliced jalapeno and herb-onion crunch on grilled baby rolls.
Peanut Chicken Satay – Wedges of lean grilled chicken breast with mild peanut sauce, sliced fresh jalapeno, and herb-onion crunch salad on a toasted baby rolls.
Bollito Slider – A crisp, garlicky bollito (black-eyed pea fritter – think falafel) with smoked onion-sesame dip, lettuce and tomato on a toasted slider roll. V
Viva Elvis! – Buttered and grilled thick-cut egg bread layered with smoky bacon, sweet bananas and creamy peanut butter.
Platter for 12 (16 pieces) $60.50
Platter for 20 (24 pieces) $90.50
Platter for 50 (56 pieces) $210.50
4 hours notice
Priced per person
Ocho Rios Jerk Chicken with Mango Sambal: $9.00 Our authentic, mildly spicy marinade on chargrilled chicken breast*, golden coconut rice and grilled mango chutney (on the side).
Pineapple Teriyaki Chicken: $9.00 Teriyaki & pineapple juice glazed chicken breast*, chargrilled. Served over Hawaiian pineapple rice with Sriracha aioli (on the side).
Bulgogi Chicken: $9.00 Mildly spicy chargrilled and glazed chicken breast*, served over toasted sesame rice with pan-roasted scallions.
Tandoori Chicken: $9.00 Richly seasoned, coconut milk marinated, and chargrilled chicken breast*, served over golden coconut rice with cucumber-mint raita (on the side).
Louisiana King Jambalaya: $9.95 Marinated chicken, smoked Creole sausage and Holy Trinity vegetables simmered with rice in our zesty Creole tomato sauce. Also available vegetarian, made with seasonal vegetables. Served with wedges of fresh-baked cornbread.
Kalua Mojo Pork: $9.95 Our signature Cuban-Hawaiian fusion smoked shredded pork, available with Mojo Garlic Sauce or Tamarindo BBQ, served with garlic mashed potatoes and coconut-mango slaw.
Chakchouka: $8.95 Harissa-braised veggies over vegan polenta. Traditionally served with egg on top, but we are happy to prepare this strictly vegan for you.
*Chicken breasts are all-natural, boneless and skinless, and cut in half for ease of service.
Our house-made desserts are all made with real dairy cream and butter, pure cane sugar and Callebaut chocolate. No artificial anything!
Double Chocolate Roulade
Tender chocolate spongecake rolled in a spiral with dark chocolate mousse, glazed with bittersweet Belgian chocolate. $30.00 per roll
*Each roll serves 10-15 and comes with 8 oz of roasted red pepper-raspberry sauce.
Pina Colada Cuban Bread Pudding
Airy Cuban bread, sweet coconut and juicy pineapple baked into a luscious custard with a caramelized top. $70.00 per pan or $7.50 per cube
**Each pan serves 25-40 and comes with a pint and a half of Tres Leches sauce. A cube is suitable for sharing and comes with 2 oz Tres Leches sauce.
Available hot or cold – just let us know!
Aztec Chile-Chocolate Mousse
Rich, dark chocolate mousse spiked with cinnamon and chile, served with cinnamon-sugar flour tortilla chips. $2.50 per person (12 person minimum order)
Thai Kaffir Lime and Cashew Cheesecake
Creamy and cool, this blend of yogurt and cream cheese on a toasted cashew nut crust has just the right amount of pucker. Served with a toasted caramel sauce.
$30.00 per dozen


text:
There are printers on the network, that have not been discovered, but, that have IPs. How/Can we force a discovery on an item?
This topic was created during version 4.6.
The latest version is 7.5.00101.
6 Replies
Apr 8, 2010 at 5:19 UTC
Are the IP's of the printers in the Range your scanning? Are they showing under unknown devices?
Apr 8, 2010 at 6:14 UTC
also try setting the scan speed to slow. go to settings > network scan and look near the bottom for scan speed.
Apr 8, 2010 at 6:32 UTC
Yes, they are all within the IP ranges given
Apr 8, 2010 at 6:46 UTC
are they configured for SNMP?
Apr 9, 2010 at 2:31 UTC
@ Air Jimi; I was just thinking SNMP when I scrolled down and saw your response.
I would check on the printer that SNMP is enabled.
Also, are these undiscovered printers different models to those that work? If so, have the drivers been installed on your File/Print server?
Are they not being discovered only on user machines or the server as well?
Sorry to answer your question with so many questions, but it can be a few things, and it is better to knock out all possible scenarios early on to get you an answer ASAP.
Hope my questions help you to pinpoint it.
Apr 9, 2010 at 9:26 UTC
Lunchb0x I Think Judith is refuring to SW not discovering the printers, as this is posted in SW Support Forum.
As long as you can pring the printers they should showup in the unknown group. Without SNMP you will not get any info.
This discussion has been inactive for over a year.
You may get a better answer to your question by starting a new discussion.

subset: commoncrawl


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Guardian special6
Wednesday 27 June 2007
British Telecom Interest in carbon labelling has grown since last month's energy white paper told large companies they will have to calculate and reduce their CO2 emissions. Tobias Webb looks at an inexact science
Green warehousing developer Gazeley is helping John Lewis cut its carbon footprint
Energy labelling for non-residential buildings - responsible for 18% of CO2 emissions - is to be introduced next year. Vikki Miller looks at whether slapping an A to G grading on public buildings will get them to clean up their act


text:
Blueberries and French Cream Perfect for Valentine's Day
Recipe by Elmotoo
Impressive and delicious for your Valentine's Day dinner. Look for heart shaped molds for the cream! Cooks Notes: Long passive time is for cream mixture to setup.
Top Review by realbirdlady
An easy elegant dessert. I used in-season strawberries rather than blueberries (plus that seemed more valentine-y). The cream is great - I thought it was going to be to sweet, but the tang of the sour cream balances nicely. It is quite firm, so I had no trouble removing it from the dish and cutting even slices. I think any fruit syrup would be nice, perhaps with some chocolate shavings. I would omit the mint - it didn't seem to add much flavor, and did sort of give the appearance of dead leaves in the syrup. The instructions could be clearer, with appropriate quantities of sugar and zest listed in each section, and the addition of the cinammon stick mentioned.
See Discussion:1 Review
Ingredients Nutrition
- 2 pints fresh blueberries
- 3⁄4 cup sugar
- 2 teaspoons grated lemon zest
- 3 inches cinnamon sticks or 1 whole star anise
- 1⁄4 cup dry red wine
- 1 teaspoon minced of fresh mint
For the French cream
- 1 teaspoon unflavored gelatin
- 1 cup heavy cream
- 1 cup sour cream
- 1 teaspoon vanilla extract
- fresh mint sprig
Directions See How It's Made
- Place one pint blueberries, 1/4 cup sugar, 1 teaspoon lemon zest and red wine in a small saucepan over moderate heat. Simmer uncovered for 5 minutes or until mixture is syrupy.
- Off heat and cool and stir in remaining fresh blueberries and mint.
- Remove and discard cinnamon stick or star anise. Cover and refrigerate for up to 1 week.
- For the cream: Combine the gelatin, cream and remaining 1/2 cup sugar in a saucepan over moderate heat. With a rubber spatula or wooden spoon, stir until sugar is dissolved.
- In a separate bowl, place the sour cream, vanilla and lemon. Gradually add the hot cream mixture stirring just until the mixture is smooth.
- Rinse a 2-1/2 cup metal mold with cold water (or use individual ramekins). Shake out but do not dry.
- Pour the cream mixture into the wet mold. Refrigerate for 4 hours or longer until mixture is set and firm.
- To serve: Unfold the cream by placing mold in a warm water bath for a few seconds to loosen cream.
- Turn over onto a cutting board. Slice cream into serving pieces and with a spatula place on chilled plates.
- Spoon blueberries around and garnish with mint sprigs.


text: A list of events which occurred on the 5th of April. 2002 "I-Yensch, You-Yensch" airs in the US. Previous Day:April 4 Calendar Events for<<< April >>> Next Day:April 6 Retrieved from "http://farscape.wikia.com/wiki/April_5?oldid=28218" Ad blocker interference detected! Wikia is a free-to-use site that makes money from advertising. We have a modified experience for viewers using ad blockers Wikia is not accessible if you've made further modifications. Remove the custom ad blocker rule(s) and the page will load as expected. Categories: Dates Add category Cancel Save


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« Day 7 of the Christmas Cat Advent Calendar | Day 5 of the Cat Christmas Advent Calendar »
Welcome to Day 6 of our Cat Christmas Advent Calendar. The waiting is the hardest part. While everyone is out hustling and bustling to get their Christmas shopping done our furry friend is patiently waiting for Santa to appear.
Each day of our Cat Christmas Advent Calendar will feature a fun Christmas Cat photo and a special Cat Gift suggestion to help your Cat enjoy the Holiday Season with everyone else in the family. Click the link below to see today's special cat gift idea!
Advent Calendar Gift Idea – Day 6
Click the image or the title below for more info on today's gift idea.
Catit Design Senses Play Circuit
Here is another fun Christmas toy for your cat. The lighted ball zips along the track as your cat tries to catch it. This is a large 8 piece circuit with hi and low sections that help to propel the ball at high speeds.
The Catit senses toy is easy to assemble and disassemble and can also be connected to as many other senses centers as you like for a variety of play areas.
Come Back Tomorrow for Day 5!
We hope you enjoyed today's Cat gift idea. Remember to come back and see the 5 remaining days until Christmas!
Happy Holidays from the Band of Cats!
See all the days in the Cat Christmas Advent Calendar.
Please like this page on Facebook, share it on Twitter or Pin it on Pinterest using the social buttons on the left or bottom.
We'd really appreciate it!
All images in this Calendar are subject to the copy write of the image's owner and not the property of the Band of Cats. No image may be used, copied or sold without permission from the owner.


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For anyone who saw Batman V Superman: Dawn Of Justice, a film called Justice League Dark probably sounds like a natural follow-up. But the lack of moping or angst (check out that exclusive clip above), combined with the fact that this is an R-rated animated film, means that the audience is in for a good time.
Bringing together two factions of the DC Universe — superheroes and supernatural beings — things kick off with the League investigating unnatural happenings around the world. Then Batman is contacted by Deadman, who leads him to John Constantine, who, in turn involves such beings as Zatanna, the Demon and Swamp Thing.
Voicing the role of Constantine is Matt Ryan, who played the character in the recent live-action series and has just been announced in the part for the CW Seed's upcoming animated webseries. Empire sat down with Ryan (currently starring on ITV's The Halcyon) to talk Constantine.
Not to go all Michael Corleone on you, but with Constantine, is it that every time you think you're out, they pull you back in?
It's funny, isn't it? Doing Arrow was great, seeing how he interacts with Oliver and all the characters there, and then to get to explore him in this medium as well is a lot of fun. I love the character. It's probably my most favorite character that I play, and there's still so much there to explore with him; so much going on, so much depth to him. And darkness, and wit, and all those things. It's what made it great to get in the booth and try him on again.
Would you say that Constantine, or your interpretation of him, has changed between the series, the appearance on Arrow and, now, Justice League Dark?
I think that the TV universe is a little bit different from the others. Basically we're just trying to bring what I knew of him, and the voice, and just play him in this context, having him interact with Batman and Zatanna, or Deadman and Swamp Thing. All these relationships which we didn't get to explore on the TV show was really fun to do, but also in animation he can shoot bolts, and the magic is different. So it is a different universe and he's slightly different in that context, but still the same guy underneath. The DNA of the character is still there — the wisecracking "magician" who reluctantly does what he does.
If they ever wanted to resurrect this character in a live action series, would you be interested or has that ship sailed?
When we got to the end of the first season, I felt like there was a little bit of unfinished business there. I feel like there were so many gaps in the character which we could have explored, and so many different storylines. He's a character I hold very close to my heart, so I would not be against exploring it in another context at all, to be honest with you. It's something that I quite enjoy doing.
I just finished doing the 1940s drama The Halcyon, playing an American broadcast journalist who was loosely based on Edward R. Murrow. Before that I was doing a play based in the 18th Century. It's great to be able to do those other things, but then there's this amazing trench coat-wearing, blond, arrogant guy who I always get pulled back in as to play. It won't seem to go away. And it's great to know that the fans, when he's such an iconic character, have accepted me in the role and lent so much support to me and to the TV show as well.
Constantine stands at the center of Justice League Dark in a lot of ways. What is his journey in this film?
What's interesting is that he doesn't want to get involved. There's lots of bad things happening all over the world and Batman and the Justice League decide that they have to call in someone who knows how to deal with all this stuff. Constantine is thrust upon them from other forces and they have to seek him out. They do so and he reluctantly becomes part of the team with old friends like Zatanna, and all these people who he has various relationships with. He's the one that knows the most about the archaic world and this one. He leads in that he guides the rest of the team to figuring out what's going on, and getting to the root of the problem. It's an interesting journey.
Justice League Dark is available for digital download on 24 January, and on Blu-ray 7 February.
• Justice League Dark Trailer Breakdown With Director Jay Oliva


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Today, my dad yet again uttered the words "well, that escalated quickly," while watching the news. He uses this godforsaken meme multiple times a day. I lost my shit and told him to just shut up already. He raised an eyebrow and said, "well, that escalated quickly." FML
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By fuck you dad - / Saturday 30 March 2013 18:17 / Ireland - Carrickmacross
Today, I was on the toilet, when I noticed I could see my daughter dancing in the other room in the mirror, so I took a picture with my phone. After I uploaded it, people pointed out that I was visible in the picture, sitting on the toilet and smiling. FML
By crunknasty / Saturday 30 March 2013 05:19 / United States - El Cajon
Today, my 19-year-old son told me his girlfriend is pregnant, and was diagnosed with an STD. He's sure that he's the father. He's also sure he doesn't have an STD, because he's a virgin. I had to give him the sex talk that his school never did, as well as explain to him that his girlfriend is a cheater. FML
By fucked by sex ed - / Friday 29 March 2013 17:18 / United States - Manchester


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Distances are calculated in a straight line and may not reflect actual travel distance.
It is important to note that this mortgage calculator is for guidance purposes only. Mortgage lenders have their own affordability criteria therefore it is important you speak to one of our Mortgage Advisers for further information and a more accurate indication of what products may be available to you and what your monthly mortgage payments are likely to be.
Entwistle Green are delighted to offer to the market this three bedroom extended semi detached house. The property was constructed in approximately 1990 and features lounge, dining room and extended kitchen to the ground floor. Outside there are front and rear gardens with off road parking and garage. This semi detached is double glazed and gas central heated. Viewings are highly recommended to appreciate the property being offered for sale.
Contact branch for relevant Energy Performance Certificate
UPVC french double glazed doors and tiled flooring.
UPVC front double glazed door, laminate flooring and stairs leading to first floor.
Double glazed uPVC window, radiator, gas fire and laminate flooring.
Double glazed uPVC window, radiator and laminate flooring.
Double glazed uPVC window, double glazed patio doors leading to rear garden and access door to garage. Roll top work surface, wall and base units, stainless steel sink with mixer tap, gas oven, gas hob with overhead extractor, integrated dishwasher and integrated fridge/freezer.
Double glazed uPVC window, carpeted flooring and stairs leading from ground floor.
Double glazed uPVC window, radiator and laminate flooring.
Double glazed uPVC window, radiator and laminate flooring.
Double glazed uPVC window, radiator and laminate flooring.
Double glazed uPVC window with frosted glass, radiator and vinyl flooring and tiled walls. Low level WC, roll top bath with electric shower over and pedestal sink.
Border with shrubs and driveway for parking.
Lawned area to border with shrubs and patio area.
Up and over door, power and light and access door to kitchen.
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text:
Slow internet connection is undeniably one of the most annoying things in the world, only trailing a shoddy customer service. Herein, I will walk you through a list of internet booster Android apps that have been tried and test. That's right – nowadays you can spruce up your lagging home internet connection speed without shedding any dollar.
#1. Network Signal Speed Booster
Ever wanted to enjoy a turbo boosted internet connection? Network Signal Speed Booster is what every smartphone user need. Its allure lies in the way it works; it analyzes both Wifi and cellular connection, and accelerate them dramatically, all with just a simple click. And the best part: it is totally free!
#2. Internet Booster Xtreme
This app is designed to improve your internet speed right from the moment you install it. The app is also equipped with clean-up technologies to help eliminate critical CPU resources that usurp the internet connection speed. It also refreshes your network, leaving your upload and download speed revved up.
#3. Faster Internet 2x
The developer of Faster Internet 2x promises that their app will boost your internet connection by up to twofold. Under the hood, this app harbors robust scripts that are cleverly coded to tweak your connection channels and optimize signal reception.
#4. Internet Speed Master
Unlike other android internet booster apps, Internet Speed Master is tailored to improve and boost both internet connection and call quality. App's script contacts are designed to tweak system files to improve internet connection over IP/TCP. It also offers backup features.
#5. Internet Turbo Booster
Internet Turbo Booster app is certainly one of the best internet connection boosters out there. With just one click, you can rev up your connection up 3 times. It's available for download on Google Play for free.
#6. Faster Internet Booster
Faster Internet Booster app is definitely the best internet booster for your smartphone. The results of this app are immediate, and you don't need to reboot your phone to see clear benefits. According to the developer's site, the app boosts internet connection by up to five times.
#7. Wifi Speed Booster
If your wifi strength isn't cutting it, you might want to get Wifi Speed Booster app. It has garnered huge following and has attracted thousands of downloads worldwide. It's not just another free wifi internet booster; it promises to boost the speed up to 2 times.
#8. Wifi Signal Strength
This app lets you improve your wifi signal strength fast and without any hassle associated with other apps. The app allows you to choose the highest signal strength. Whether you are connected to a home network or airport hotspot, Wifi Signal Strength will do the trick.
#9. Wifi Easy Booster
Wifi Easy Booster app is set to rev up the speed of your wireless connection quick and easy. It has a simple and easy to navigate user interface. This way, it enhances your uploading/downloading, file transferring speed or streaming.
#10. Wifi Analyzer
This powerful wifi internet booster works in a different way from the rest. It helps locate, trace, and find the best wifi hotspots as well.


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For Navratri this year (2014), October 2nd is the day to worship Saraswati...Saraswati (Saara-swa-ti) is the Goddess of art, music, philosophy, creativity, wisdom and learning. She is the consort of Brahma. Why Worship Saraswati* Stories * Symbolism * Holidays * How She Is Worshiped * Mantras and BhajansWhy Worship Saraswati It is good to pray to Saraswati before tests or when seeking to become knowledgeable about something new. She gives blessings to people in pursuit of knowledge or … [Read more...]
Saraswati: Everything You Need to Know
Parvati: Everything You Need to Know
In honor of Navratri...Parvati is a family Goddess, known for her wifely devotion to Lord Shiva. She has many other names and aspects. Often Durga, Shakti, and Kali might be considered other forms of Parvati. Why Worship Parvati * Stories * Symbolism * Holidays * How She Is Worshiped * Mantras and BhajansWhy Worship Parvati? As a Goddess of family and love, she is the one to turn to for help with marriage, parenting, and fertility. She has remarkable strength and determination. Som … [Read more...]
Ganesha: Everything You Need to Know
Ganesha is the elephant-headed God that is beloved by nearly all Hindus. Regardless of sect, branch, region, or family, it would be rare to find a Hindu who didn't have a Ganesh murti or some type of Ganesh symbol. Why Worship Ganesha* Stories * Symbolism * Holidays * How He Is Worshiped * Mantras and BhajansWhy Worship Ganesha? Ganesha is known as the remover of obstacles (Vighneshwara). He is the one to pray to before starting any new endeavor. Often he is also honored first before sta … [Read more...]
Brahma: Everything You Need to Know
Brahma as a God is a little different from the other two in the trinity. He is less often worshiped directly. Perhaps because he is preoccupied with creation. Perhaps because he was cursed to be worshiped less. Perhaps because creation is done and now preservation and destruction are closer to us and our experience.Brahma v.s. Brahman*Why Worship Brahma* Stories*Symbolism*Worship*Brahma v.s. Brahman This can get a bit confusing, but Brahman is the word for the concept of the universal … [Read more...]
Vishnu: Everything You Need To Know
Vishnu (Vish-nuu or Wish-nuu) is another member of the Hindu trinity. It is Vishnu who represents preservation. He maintains the world and so he is very popular for woship. A branch of Hinduism views Vishnu as the ultimate Lord of all. That branch is called Vaishnava. Many people who follow Vishnu in particular are highly devotional, hence the people that you'll encounter who lose themselves in singing Hare Krishna; Hare Rama! Those are manifestations of Vishnu, the God who comes to earth and … [Read more...]
Shiva: Everything You Need To Know
Shiva (pronounced Sheeva or Sheewa) is a very important God in modern Hinduism. He is one of the three Gods of the Hindu trinity, who represent Creation, Preservation, and Destruction. Shiva is the destroyer. Not only the destroyer of creation when the time comes, but also the destroyer of ignorance and the destroyer of misery. There is an entire branch of Hinduism who puts Shiva as the One True God (Shivites/Shivaism).Why Worship Shiva * Stories * Symbolism * Holidays * How He Is Worship … [Read more...]
Shiva: Everything You Need To Know
Today's post is over at the paid premium blog. It is a detailed post on Lord Shiva, including stories about him, how to worship him, bhajans for him, and explanation of the symbolism of his image.http://admin.patheos.com/premium/whitehindu/2013/09/shiva-everything-you-need-to-know/ … [Read more...]
Meet a God: Narayana
Lately Brad and I have been hearing a lot about a God called Narayana. He is featured in bhajans (hymns) and was mentioned quite a lot during our wedding service. I had never heard this name before, though!So, time for me to do some research and find out who is this God that I am not familiar with.It turns out that the name Narayana is an ancient Vedic name for Vishnu.This name refers to God in his infinite form and it means "The one who rests on water." Images of him often depict … [Read more...]
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Neural prostheses translate neural activity from the brain into control signals for guiding prosthetic devices, such as computer cursors and robotic limbs, and thus offer disabled patients greater interaction with the world. However, relatively low performance remains a critical barrier to successful clinical translation; current neural prostheses are considerably slower with less accurate control than the native arm. Here we present a new control algorithm, the recalibrated feedback intention-trained Kalman filter (ReFIT-KF), that incorporates assumptions about the nature of closed loop neural prosthetic control. When tested with rhesus monkeys implanted with motor cortical electrode arrays, the ReFIT-KF algorithm outperforms existing neural prostheses in all measured domains and halves acquisition time. This control algorithm permits sustained uninterrupted use for hours and generalizes to more challenging tasks without retraining. Using this algorithm, we demonstrate repeatable high performance for years after implantation across two monkeys, thereby increasing the clinical viability of neural prostheses.
Neural prostheses have recently demonstrated considerable promise through proof-of-concept animal experiments1–9 and in human clinical trials10–13 for partially restoring motor output in paralyzed individuals. Studies in this field primarily focus on adapting insights and methods from the basic neuroscience of cortical motor control to this engineering context. A critical example of this is the use of motor cortex tuning models, which describe the relationship between single unit firing rates and arm movement kinematics, to define a mapping for neural control of a computer cursor in closed loop (e.g.1–3). When such a neural prosthesis is introduced to a monkey, performance can increase across days through learning3. In addition to controlling computer cursors, these systems have successfully driven robotic end effectors4. Neural prosthesis studies have incorporated additional concepts from motor neuroscience, demonstrating the potential to augment system performance by modeling neural activity related to movement preparation5 and proprioceptive feedback8. Recent work also suggests that when the recorded neural population and control algorithm are held constant, neural prosthetic performance increases over time as a stable neural output map is formed and multiple mappings, once learned, can be retained and retrieved across different control contexts7. Despite these new insights and additional algorithmic advances (e.g.12), system performance on simple cursor control tasks remains low relative to native arm control performance, presenting a critical barrier to clinical translation14.
In an effort to improve the performance of neural prostheses, we chose to focus on a systems engineering approach. Building on existing methods in the field, we developed two key innovations that alter the modeling assumptions made by these algorithms and the methods by which these algorithms are trained. Additionally, signal conditioning methods, which transform recorded neural signals into control algorithm input, were chosen in an effort to improve system stability and performance15,16. As demonstrated in closed loop neural control experiments, these methods result in high performance across multiple cursor control tasks.
We trained monkeys to acquire targets with a cursor controlled by either native arm movement or neural activity. We developed a novel algorithm, ReFIT-KF, that led to substantially higher-performance neural prosthetic control. Figure 1a shows representative continuous, uninterrupted cursor movements for three different modalities: native arm control, ReFIT-KF, and a velocity Kalman filter (Velocity-KF), that is state-of-the-art for current neural prostheses (e.g.,11–13). Monkeys were required to move the computer cursor to a visual target and hold the cursor within a demand box for 500 ms to successfully complete a trial and receive a liquid reward. Targets alternated between central and eight peripheral locations. During online neural control sessions, the contralateral arm was not restrained, and movement continued. However, the physical movement was not stereotyped and would often attenuate or even stop during some neural control sessions, while retaining performance. In a set of additional control experiments, both arms were restrained, and little or no arm movement was observed with similar neural control performance (see Table 1 and Fig. 2).
The ReFIT-KF algorithm outperformed the Velocity-KF by several measures. First, cursor movements with ReFIT-KF control were straighter (Fig. 1a,b and Supplementary Fig. 1), producing less movement away from a straight line to the target. Cursor movements produced using the ReFIT-KF were qualitatively similar to native arm movements (Fig. 1a, Supplementary Figs. 1–2, and Supplementary Videos 1–6). Second, these movements were also completed faster. ReFIT-KF cursor control performance, as measured by the time to successfully acquire the target (Fig. 1c,d), was 75–85% of native arm control performance and at least twice Velocity-KF performance (Supplementary Modeling). In addition to lower mean time to target, the variance was substantially smaller, which is important as this signifies greater movement consistency and fewer potentially frustrating long trials. Critical to achieving this lower time to target, ReFIT-KF controlled cursor movements stopped better. The ability to stop is a critical differentiator between the three control modes. The Velocity-KF controlled cursor took only modestly longer to first acquire the target, but often significantly overshot the target, requiring additional time and multiple passes to stably acquire and hold the target. This overshoot-correction time dominates the overall time to successful target acquisition for Velocity-KF control (Fig. 1c,d) and is captured by "dial-in time" (Fig. 1e,f): the average time required to make the final target acquisition after having first reached the target. Both native arm and ReFIT-KF control allowed more precise stopping as compared to Velocity-KF (Fig. 1e,f). Across all trials in eight experimental sessions with two monkeys, when given five seconds to acquire targets, ReFIT-KF achieved a success rate of >99%, while Velocity-KF had a success rate of 95%. The task difficulty was chosen to achieve a high success rate for all three control modalities on the first experimental day (Supplementary Table 1). When the task difficulty is increased, the success rate with Velocity-KF can drop relative to the success rate with ReFIT-KF, and similarly ReFIT-KF success rates and performance can drop relative to native arm control (see generalization tasks described below).
Experiments across days and years demonstrated consistent high performance (Fig. 2). Performance was stable as measured by throughput (Supplementary Modeling) on 280 individual experimental days. These data were collected across 29 months for monkey L and 16 months monkey J, spanning the range of 0.4 to 4.4 years post-array implantation. To explore the possibility that performance changed with time, we computed least squares linear fits on these performance data for each monkey. The slopes of both regression lines are positive, suggesting that performance was stable over the time period of the study and providing evidence consistent with the hypothesis that intracortical microelectrode arrays may permit years of high performance neural control15 (for more details see Online Methods: Quantifying Performance Across Months and Supplementary Table 2).
We also tested additional behavioral tasks to assess generalization of the ReFIT-KF control algorithm. We fit the ReFIT-KF algorithm with center-out-and-back reaches, as before, and then tested on a pinball task in which targets could appear at any location in the 2D workspace. Monkeys were again required to move the cursor to the target and hold it for 500 ms to successfully complete a trial. Monkey L continuously acquired targets for over 90 minutes during two pinball reaching sessions (Fig. 3), one with native arm control and one with the ReFIT-KF control. Given two seconds to acquire a target on each trial, both sessions had success rates >98%. Across the whole session, the mean time to target for ReFIT-KF control was 72% as fast as native arm control (ReFIT-KF: 710 ± 317 ms; native arm: 519 ± 196 ms; mean ± s.d.). Comparable performance was found for monkey J (Supplementary Video 5). Performance with ReFIT-KF was not only high (over two-thirds as fast as the natural arm; comparable acquire time distributions, Fig. 3a), but was also sustained without intervention (Fig. 3b). Sustained performance was typical of ReFIT-KF control sessions, whereas Velocity-KF control sessions with the same task parameters had much lower success rates (<40%), and the monkeys could not be motivated to acquire targets for more than 30 minutes.
To further test ReFIT-KF control, we trained monkey J to avoid visually defined obstacles that appeared in the direct path of the target (Fig. 4, maze task17,18). The monkey reached from a central starting target to either a left or right peripheral target. On some trials a barrier appeared along with the peripheral target. To successfully complete a trial, the monkey had to use the cursor to acquire and hold the peripheral target for 500 ms without hitting the barrier. This task was difficult, but the monkey successfully acquired and held the target on 77% of trials with his native arm (Fig. 4a) and on 75% of trials with ReFIT-KF control (Fig. 4b). Under ReFIT-KF control, mean time to target for this task was 74% as fast as with native arm control (ReFIT-KF: 1253 ± 588 ms; native arm: 932 ± 709 ms; mean ± s.d.). With Velocity-KF control, the monkey could not complete the task and quickly became frustrated and disengaged. As in the previous tasks, the ReFIT-KF was fit with center-out-and-back movements and used without modification for the maze task, demonstrating robustness across behavioral contexts.
The described cursor control performance was achieved by redesigning the Velocity-KF algorithm from a closed loop control perspective (Supplementary Modeling). The prosthetic device constitutes a new physical plant with different dynamical properties than the native arm (Fig. 5a). The subject controls this new plant by modulating measured neural signals (yt), which are then decoded into a velocity (vt) by the control algorithm. This velocity is used to update the cursor on screen, affecting neural signals on subsequent time steps. This closed loop control perspective suggests two design innovations that both contribute to the described performance (Supplementary Figs. 3,4). The first innovation is a modification of neural prosthetic model fitting methodology. The second innovation is an alteration of the control algorithm. These ReFIT-KF innovations produce the neural prosthetic results described above.
The first design innovation is to fit the neural prosthesis against estimates of intended velocity. Previous algorithms1,3,5,10 implicitly assume that the subject uses the same control strategy for moving the native arm and the prosthetic cursor. Since these control strategies may be quite different, we, in the vein of past studies2,4,6,9,12,19,20, evaluated methods that attempt to better capture the subject's strategy during prosthetic control. Ideally, the control algorithm would be fit to the subject's intended cursor velocity during closed loop neural control. Since we lack explicit access to the monkey's intentions, we hypothesized that the monkey wished to move directly towards the target; this resembles movements made by the native arm and is a good strategy for acquiring rewards.
A two-stage optimization procedure (Fig. 5b) is used to fit the neural prosthetic model to these estimates of intended velocity during online neural control. In stage 1, the monkey controls the cursor using his arm. An initial model is fit using arm trajectories and simultaneously recorded neural signals. The monkey then controls the neural prosthesis with this initial model. In stage 2, neurally controlled cursor kinematics and neural signals are recorded and used to fit a new model with an estimate of intended cursor velocity. By starting with cursor velocities collected during the previous online control session (shown in red), these estimates are calculated for model fitting using two transforms. First, the velocities are rotated towards the target (blue vectors) to generate the set of estimated intended velocities. Second, if the cursor is on target, the monkey's best strategy is to keep the cursor still to satisfy the hold time requirement. Thus, in the training set, we assume that the monkey's intention during these hold periods was to maintain the cursor position by commanding zero velocity. This zero velocity assumption applied to the fitting of model parameters improves online performance without changing the control algorithm (Supplementary Modeling and Supplementary Fig. 5). These estimated intentions and corresponding neural data are used to fit the ReFIT-KF control algorithm. It is important to note that the intention estimation is applied only to training data: during online control the neural prosthesis has no knowledge of the task goal or placement of targets (unlike e.g.5,21,22).
The aforementioned training protocol utilizes arm-controlled reaches as training data. In a paralyzed individual, it is not possible to record arm kinematics for this step. Instead, this training step could rely on the individual imagining a set of instructed movements. To test this possible strategy, we trained the initial algorithm based on visual cue observation8,12, removing the requirement for arm control in step one. During these trials the monkey watched a computer controlled training cursor that automatically moves out to targets. The initial model was fit using automated training cursor trajectories and simultaneously recorded neural activity, without using measured arm movement (Online Methods: Observation Based Model Training). Table 1 summarizes ReFIT-KF performance for three experimental sessions from each monkey in which stage 1 of ReFIT-KF model training is based on observation data instead of arm movements. The performance, as measured by Fitts's Law23 (Supplementary Modeling), for these sessions is similar to that attained for the native arm control initiated sessions described (Figs. 1 and and22).
The second design innovation builds on the observation that neural activity is correlated with both the velocity and the position of the cursor. Most existing neural prostheses model a relationship between neural activity and either velocity2,4 or position1,10. A human clinical trial has shown that neural prostheses modeling velocity have higher performance11,12. However, if the control algorithm models only the velocity relationship, then position-based changes in firing will confound decoded velocities (Supplementary Modeling). To mitigate this effect, we explicitly model velocity as the user's intention and cursor position as an additional variable that affects neural output. This modification allows the user to control velocity with measured neural signals while accounting for the influence of cursor position. We explicitly assume that the current cursor position, determined by integrating the previous velocity output, is encoded in the neural activity along with the monkey's current intended velocity output. Thus, the expected contribution of position to neural activity is removed, enabling more accurate estimation of intended velocity (Fig. 1 and Supplementaty Modeling).
Other studies have noted the potential change in plant and control strategy and have addressed it by iteratively refining parameters during neural prosthetic experiments2,4,6,9,12,19,20. This approach recognizes that control strategies, and therefore model parameters, are best measured and understood during closed-loop neural prosthetic experiments. However, randomizing initial parameters2,4,20 may create a control algorithm that never attains the highest possible performance, just as optimization problems can easily become trapped in local optima (Supplementary Modeling). Although, if the recorded neural population and the neural control mapping are held constant, the consequences of the plant mismatch can be overcome through learning. Such learning was demonstrated with neural control mappings built to reconstruct arm kinematics, as well as with a neural control mapping in which neuron identities were shuffled, so the decoder output was no longer predictive of native arm kinematics7.
The focus of the present study was to obtain high control performance within a single session by improving the neural control algorithm and optimizing its parameters. Although the neural prosthesis constitutes a new plant with different properties than the native arm, the motor cortices are involved in native arm control (e.g.,24). Therefore, we hypothesized that initializing a model with the relationship between neural activity and natural arm movement would allow the second stage of our training method to achieve a higher level of optimization. Previous studies4,20 have relied on manipulating the control task to refine the neural decoder, such as by providing assisted control. In those studies, an automated correct answer was mixed with the output of the neural prosthesis. Over successive iterations the weight of automated control was decreased by experimenter intuition until control was driven only by neural activity. Our approach is different, as the control task remains constant throughout a neural prosthetic session and only the training data are manipulated between the first and second neural prosthetic sessions.
In a study with quadriplegic humans11,12, the neural prosthesis was initially trained with visual cue observation, similar to the control experiments described above. The study also uses a second neural prosthetic training session to account for differences during online control. Unlike ReFIT-KF training, both the neural cursor and the automated training cursor were on screen during the second session. The neural cursor was presented to provide feedback so that the participant could attempt to alter their neural output to better follow the training cursor. After this second session, the neural prosthesis was fit with the training cursor kinematics. Thus, the underlying assumption is that the training cursor kinematics capture the intended kinematics during online control, while ReFIT-KF fitting assumes that intended kinematics are best inferred by the output of the neurally controlled cursor and knowledge of the task goals.
In studies with adaptive decoders6,9, the kinematics of the neurally controlled cursor are continuously used to refine neural prosthetic parameters, also allowing them to account for differences when switching to online control. However, they take different approaches to estimating intended kinematics for retraining. One approach is to use decoder parameters non-causally, via smoothing, to estimate intended kinematics for retaining without task or target information9. Impressively, this method was shown to slow performance declines in one monkey over 29 days when using static spike sorting. However, unlike with ReFIT-KF model fitting, initial performance was not surpassed, perhaps because without incorporating task goals, the method is subject to inaccuracies present in the initial model fit. In another adaptive study6, target information was incorporated in the kinematics used for retraining. Their algorithm was retrained with a weighted average of decoded trajectory positions and the target position for each trial as an estimate of intended position. In contrast, ReFIT-KF estimates intended velocities based on intuitive rules applied to cursor position, decoded velocity, and target position.
ReFIT-KF explicitly treats position and velocity differently. The resulting neural prosthesis assumes that the monkey is controlling velocity and not position, providing performance gains over a position/velocity Kalman filter that does not make this distinction (Supplementary Figs. 6–8 and Supplementary Modeling). We structured the model assuming that velocity intentions evolve smoothly and that the influence of position is based on the monkey's internal model of the cursor. Furthermore, we assume that the control algorithm output and the monkey's internal belief about cursor position agree. In reality, there is some mismatch between the control algorithm's position estimation and the animal's internal belief due to inaccuracies in assessing visual information. There are likely spatial and temporal components to this inaccuracy that are not modeled. The spatial aspect is an inexact assessment of the last seen location, and the temporal aspect is due to visual latency. The spatial aspect could be modeled as fixed position uncertainty. To fully account for the temporal aspect, one could attempt to algorithmically model the animal's internal model of cursor dynamics since the last known position of the cursor. In this work, we chose to start with a simpler model, assuming that this estimation, which is local in time, is exact. It is possible that augmenting the algorithm to account for the mismatch between the temporally local forward model and our dynamics model could further increase control performance. Such work could also lead to improvements in the intention estimation methods used for model training. It is important to note that there may be alternative explanations for the presence of position information in neural output. For example, this information could be intended cursor position instead of an internal model estimate of current cursor position. In support of the internal model hypothesis, a recent study suggests that a forward model of cursor position is used during closed loop control25. However, further study of the role of position information in the neural activity during online control is necessary and could aid in the development of future control algorithms.
In experimental sessions, ReFIT-KF performance was stable until the monkey appeared to lose interest in the task (e.g. drop in target acquisition rate, Fig. 3b). This rapid drop off is consistent with native arm control session performance and is presumably the analogue of when a hypothetical human user is finished using their neural prosthesis. It is expected that performance will drift over time14, and methods for continuous adaptation of neural control algorithm parameters may be necessary. In a previous study9, information from the output of the control algorithm was used with a Bayesian approach to adapt parameters throughout sessions to sustain performance. If task goals were known throughout neural prosthesis use, the intention estimates defined in this study could be used in conjunction with these parameter adaptation methods. It may be possible to estimate these task goals based on features of the neural prosthetic output. For example, if a click or target selection signal is simultaneously decoded12, indicating user intended target selection, intended cursor velocities could be estimated for moments prior to target selection. Additionally, in future work, it will be important to assess how multi-day learning7 affects the performance and robustness when control algorithm parameters are set as described in this work, based on estimated movement intention, versus existing methods for parameter initialization. Adapting the methods of this work to enable multi-day learning and plasticity, such as by providing a consistent controller day over day, may well lead to even better performance over time.
Long-duration, continuous, high-performance operation is central to successful translation of neural prostheses to human patients14. The above performance depended upon three specific design choices used by both Velocity-KF and ReFIT-KF, in addition to the two key innovations defining ReFIT-KF. First, we did not employ spike sorting. The goal of spike sorting is to separate single channels composed of action potentials from many neurons into multiple channels of spiking activity from individual neurons. This standard practice can yield high information per electrode, but requires tracking each sorted action potential shape over days, which has recently been shown to be extremely difficult for many electrode channels7,26,27. To reduce signal instabilities that can result from imperfect spike sorting and neuron tracking, we counted the number of threshold crossings per electrode instead of spike sorting (Online Methods: Signal Acquisition & Conditioning)15,20. Second, the results reported here were acquired from arrays 19–40 months (monkey L) and 4–21 months (monkey J) after neurosurgical implantation15,26. The number of highly distinguishable single neurons on an electrode array tends to decrease over time. Yet, remaining multiunit activity often has neural prosthesis relevant tuning. By employing these older array implants, which had relatively few clearly distinguishable single units, we confirm that threshold-crossing-based activity, together with the ReFIT-KF, provides high performance for months and years after array implantation (shown in Fig. 2, also see Supplementary Table 2, and Supplementary Fig. 9). Finally, we used a single, relatively short 50 ms neural integration time window with no additional temporal lag, unlike some neural prosthetic designs that explicitly incorporate neural data with longer histories and additional lags (e.g., multiple 100 ms time bin7; multiple 50 ms time bins with history as far back as 1 sec8,10). This choice was based on experiments with humans using an online prosthetic simulator16 and on subsequent neural control experiments with monkeys. Both indicated that shorter time bins are preferable due to reduced closed-loop feedback time.
This study demonstrates the utility of an online control perspective for the development of neural control algorithms. Although performance advances must ultimately be verified online, this perspective can be applied in offline simulation studies to gain insight into algorithmic design decisions (Supplementary Modeling). However, as with any simulation study, the applicability of the results are subject to both the limitations of simulation platform and the design decisions made in developing the simulation16.
The sustained performance and robustness of these ReFIT-KF neural prosthetic experiments demonstrate the potential to provide functional restoration for patients with a limited ability to move and act upon the world due to neurological injury and disease. Although descending pathways are compromised, motor cortex may be largely intact, enabling this class of technology10–12,28. In recent years, brain interface technologies employing a variety of signal sources, such as the intracortical arrays described here, electroencephalography (EEG)29, and electrocorticography (ECoG)30, have been developed. The neural prostheses research community continues to create options for disabled individuals and to assess relative risk and benefit31. In this report, we have investigated the principled design of closed loop neural control algorithms, resulting in the development of the ReFIT-KF and demonstrations of a significant advance in performance and robustness. This algorithm, closed loop control perspective, and system design methodology may be applied to other neural prosthetic domains with the potential to considerably increase benefit and the clinical viability prostheses.
All procedures and experiments were approved by the Stanford University Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC). Experiments were conducted with adult male rhesus macaques (L and J), implanted with 96 electrode Utah arrays (Blackrock Microsystems Inc., Salt Lake City, UT) using standard neurosurgical techniques32. Monkeys L and J were implanted 19–53 months and 4–21 months prior to the experiments. Electrode arrays were implanted in the dorsal aspect of premotor cortex (PMd) and primary motor cortex (M1), as estimated visually from local anatomical landmarks.
The monkeys were trained to make point-to-point reaches in a 2D plane with a virtual cursor controlled by the contralateral arm or by a neural decoder16. The virtual cursor and targets were presented in a 3D environment (MSMS, MDDF, USC, Los Angeles, CA). Hand position data were measured with an infrared reflective bead tracking system (Polaris, Northern Digital, Ontario, Canada). Behavioral control and neural decode were run on separate PCs using the Simulink/xPC platform (Mathworks, Natick, MA) with communication latencies of less than 3 ms. This system enabled millisecond-timing precision for all computations. Neural data were initially processed by the Cerebus recording system (Blackrock Microsystems Inc., Salt Lake City, UT) and were available to the behavioral control system within 5 ± 1 ms. Visual presentation was provided via two LCD monitors with refresh rates at 120 Hz, yielding frame updates within 7 ± 4 ms. Two mirrors visually fused the displays into a single 3D percept for the user, creating a Wheatstone stereograph (see Fig. 2 in 16).
Central results were replicated multiple days in each monkey, employing a within-day A-B-A block structure trial design to highlight algorithmic impact and thereby quantify performance and robustness (Supplementary Figs. 3,4).
Training sets for fitting the neural control algorithm were collected using the same center-out-and-back task shown in Figure 1a. Targets were either uniformly placed at an 8 cm radius or at a 12 cm radius. For some native arm control sessions, the top target was at 14 cm and the upper right and upper left targets were at 13 cm. Training sets were typically composed of about 500 (peripheral and central) target acquisitions. All of the test sets from Figure 1 were collected using a standardized target configuration, with eight peripheral targets uniformly placed at 8 cm from the central target with either 5 cm or 6 cm acceptance windows.
Neural signals are acquired from an implanted 96-channel Utah Microelectrode Array (Blackrock Microsystem, Salt Lake City, UT) using the Cerebus Recording System (Blackrock Microsystems, Salt Lake City, UT). An analog bandpass filter with a 0.3 Hz to 7.5 kHz passband is applied to each channel. Channels are sampled at 30 k Samples/second and are filtered with a 250 Hz to 7.5 kHz digital bandpass filter. A threshold detector is applied to each bandpassed channel. The threshold value is set automatically as −4.5 times the measured root mean squared value of the channel. When the signal value is less than threshold a spike event is registered for that channel. The number of spike events are counted in non-overlapping temporal bins (typically 50 ms). The counts for each channel are the inputs to the control algorithm.
The same center-out-and-back task was run on 280 sessions across monkeys L and J, spanning at least 16 months for each monkey. Although additional experiments (using different control algorithms and behavioral tasks) may have been run on these experimental days, at least 200 trials of center-out-and-back with the ReFIT-KF control algorithm were tested. On most experimental days, the task difficulty was greater than that shown in Figure 1 and Supplementary Table 1. For the experiments documented in Figure 1, the task difficulty was selected so that the monkey could successfully complete the task with the lower quality of control afforded by the Velocity-KF algorithm.
The Fitts' law calculation is used to provide a metric that normalizes across task difficulty. For reference, monkey L was implanted on 01/22/2008 and monkey J was implanted on 08/24/2009. Data for monkey L were collected on 182 sessions over 29 months (from 24 to 53 months post-implantation). Data for monkey J were collected on 98 sessions over 16 months (from 5 to 21 months post-implantation). Each open square and circle in Figure 2 corresponds to a single experimental day on which the index of difficulty was 1.32 (4 cm targets at 8 cm from center) and throughput was calculated from at least 40 trials of center-out to either a vertical or horizontal target. All experiments from the timespans indicated that match these criteria were included, except for days on which other experiments may have impacted animal behavior. Regression lines were fit for data from each monkey using least square regression and p-values were calculated using an ANOVA for linear regression models.
Since paralyzed users of neural prostheses cannot generate overt arm movements an observation based algorithm training methodology can be used, as in previous animal studies8 and clinical trials10. We tested the ReFIT-KF algorithm with observation based training, replacing the native arm movement stage of algorithm training with an observation stage (Fig. 5b).
Observation-based decode models were built with both of the monkey's arms comfortably restrained along his side. A previously recorded arm-controlled experimental block of 500 center-out and back trials was shown to the monkey while in this posture. The kinematics of this recording were derived from a arm-controlled session from Monkey L. To help keep the monkey engaged in the task, he was rewarded when the computer-controlled cursor acquired and held the target for 500 ms.
Under this experimental context, the neural data recorded during these observation sessions and the previously recorded cursor kinematics served as the training data to build the initial decode model. This resulting model was then run online and used as training data to build the ReFIT-KF decoder. Little to no arm movement was visually noted during both observational blocks and decoding blocks.
Performance of ReFIT-KF based control during these sessions, as measured by the Fitts' law metric, was roughly equivalent to performance on sessions that initially trained from arm movement data.
We thank J. Aguayo, M. Risch, & S. Kang for surgical assistance & veterinary care, D. Haven & B. Oskotsky for IT support, S. Eisensee, B. Davis, & E. Castaneda for administrative assistance, P. Ortega for mathematical insight, and S. Stavisky for data collection assistance. This work was supported by a Helen Hay Whitney postdoctoral fellowship (M.M.C.), Burroughs Welcome Fund Career Awards in the Biomedical Sciences (M.M.C., K.V.S.), the Christopher and Dana Reeve Paralysis Foundation (S.I.R., K.V.S.), Gatsby Charitable Foundation (B.M.Y.), Stanford Graduate Fellowship (C.A.C., J.P.C., J.M.F.), US National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate Fellowships (V.G.), National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowships (V.G., C.A.C., J.M.F., M.T.K., J.C.K), Stanford Medical Scholars Program, HHMI Medical Research Fellows Program, Paul & Daisy Soros Fellowship, Stanford Medical Scientist Training Program (P.N.), Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency Revolutionizing Prosthetics 2009 N66001-06-C-8005, DARPA Reorganization and Plasticity to Accelerate Injury Recovery N66001-10-C-2010, US National Institutes of Health (NIH), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke Collaborative Research in Computational Neuroscience grant R01-NS054283, and NIH Directors Pioneer Award 1DP1OD006409 (K.V.S.).
Competing Interests
The authors declare that they have no competing financial interests.
Author contributionsV.G. and P.N. contributed equally to this work. V.G. and P.N. were responsible for infrastructure development, animal training, data collection and analysis. V.G. was responsible for algorithm design, supplementary modeling and writing of the paper. P.N. and B.M.Y. participated in algorithm design. C.A.C participated in animal training, infrastructure development, and data analysis. J.P.C. participated in algorithm design and infrastructure development. J.M.F. participated in data collection and analysis. M.M.C. and M.T.K. provided initial animal training for the obstacle avoidance task. J.C.K participated in data collection. S.I.R. was responsible for surgical implantation. K.V.S. was involved in all aspects of the study.
PubMed Central Canada is a service of the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) working in partnership with the National Research Council's national science library in cooperation with the National Center for Biotechnology Information at the U.S. National Library of Medicine(NCBI/NLM). It includes content provided to the PubMed Central International archive by participating publishers.


text:
Can my round hollow eyes be made upturned and more almond? (photos)
Doctor Answers 1
Lateral canthal elevation
Thanks for sharing your question. I can appreciate your concern.
upturn of the lateral canthus is an option. however finding the correct level of correction has to be clear in your mind. Unfortunately software is not a 100 % reliable to predict an outcome.
Finally, make sure that you have a consultation with a board certified plastic surgeon.
Wishing you the best in your journey
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Framed in the doorway of Hercule Poirot's bedroom stands an uninvited guest, coated from head to foot in dust. The man stares for a moment, then he sways and falls.
Who is he? Is he suffering from shock or just exhaustion? Above all, what is the significance of the figure 4, scribbled over and over again on a sheet of paper? Poirot finds himself plunged into a world of international intrigue, risking his life - and that of his twin brother - to uncover the truth.
©1927 Agatha Christie Limited (P)2002 HarperCollins Publishers
"Weak Early Christie but Performance is Masterful."
Just too incredible to satisfy. More like an absurd B-movie than the complex measured tales of her later years.
"Reviewers Must Be Mistaken"
Yes. This book was one odd failure in the Christie collection.
I thought the reviewers who made bad comments about this book must have been mistaken. Not so. Hugh Fraser's performance was excellent, but even the best reader couldn't make the ridiculous plot less ridiculous. It was a James Bond fantasy starring Hercule Poirot, a character that doesn't fit at all. The whole thing was silly without humor. This was my ninth Christie listen, all the rest very good to excellent stories. I still want to hear more Poirot mysteries, and will bet on the fact that Christie didn't repeat the mistake she made with this one.
"Like a bad, less realistic James Bond book"
This was not like any of the other Poirot books - no real mystery to solve, just running from place to place encountering "villains" that are more ridiculous than any Batman or Bond flick. I can't believe anyone who liked the earlier books - or mysteries in general - would like this.
"Not my favorite Poirot book"
I just had a difficult time getting into this book. Not my favorite Poirot, but that's okay.
"Early dated work"
Unless you're a Christie fan, I wouldn't bother reading. Its dated and not a mystery. Just a story of tracking down 4 people who want to rule the world. Actually a pre Bond, wonder if Ian was inspired.
I'm open to any book as long as it is true to itself.
"Go Hastings"
This is a convoluted Poirot which was good, but not the best. What made me give it 5 stars was the fact that I loved Hastings in it. I have read over 3/4 of the Poirot books and I like Hastings as a foil for Poirot, and so that we the audience can have the plot explained to us. But in this book Hastings comes into his own it is a must read because it gives him so much character, and makes him into a truly loyal and honourable friend.
"The Big Four"
Another great Agatha Christie story which keeps you guessing about done it until the end.
"The real big four"
The narrator agains leads to an enjoyment of the story with his abilities to change voices. An excellent story with a great plot.
"Typical Christie, excellent plot"
Great twist and turns, whimsical characters that are clever and complicated, with a surprising death.
"Disappointing intrigue"
Hastings is back, but this is less of a mystery and more a disjointed spy thriller that appears as if Christie is trying to create Poirot's version of Moriarty, while channeling Fu Manchu and early science fiction. Overall, it was a failure as a novel and the Belgian investigator felt out of place in this attempt at grand international intrigue.
Poirot retires at then end of the story and I wonder if it should have been set before "The Murder of Roger Ackroyd?"
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Let us know when your receive great advice so we can thank our lawyers and point others with similar questions in the right direction.Got it!
My probation officer has me come in like once every three months for a check up. there is minimum contact between us but 4 days ago I was arrested for possessing drug abuse instrument in a neighboring county.. i am on probation for alcohol only so should I just come clean with my p.o ( i have to see her in 3 days ) or not bring it up and hope she doesn't look up my current arrest record.? please help me @ email@example.com
Probation officers (P.O.s) routinely check, in the course of their service, for arrests and convictions within and outside the county of jurisdiction. Preemptive disclosure is up to you. Sometimes P.O.s will wait to see the outcome of the new charge before violating you. Depends. Probation violations may not result in the imposition of jail time for the new charge. No false hope here. Each case has its own facts.
If you see your P.O. and do not disclose your new arrest during your scheduled meeting, the P.O. will not appreciate your concealment of the arrest that occurred before the meeting. Your new charge is drug related, as was your prior conviction. Might trigger some modification of your probation regarding a treatment program. No guarantees, but, you are concerned with damage control.
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When meeting up take sensible precautions. Meet in a public place and let others know where you are going. You can also meet mums on your local site here.
Durham / Teeside / Tyne & Wear Meet up and random chat thread.(895 Posts)
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"Outstanding! Glad to meet you soldier, hooah!"
–U.S. Army 35th Cavalry
U.S. Army 35th Cavalry is a Red Dead Redemption posse.
- The 35th Cavalry is the local platoon of the American Army, stationed in West Elizabeth and New Austin.
- 1st Lieutenant Jan Booth commands the platoon.
- The Cavalry is responsible for the internal and external security of the western american border states.
- The platoon is outnumbered against the local mexican battalion in Nuevo Paraiso. However, the 35th Cavalry will attack well-directed, suddenly and fatal.
Operations / operational areas
Mexico Expedition :
- Nuevo Paraiso
Internal elimination of criminals :
- New Austin
Individual equipment :
- Bolt Action Rifle
- Pump-action Shotgun
- LeMat Revolver
- High Power Pistol
- Double-action Revolver
- Henry Repeater
Artillery :
Military bases in the U.S.
West Elizabeth
New Austin:
Military camps
West Elizabeth
- Wreck of the Serendipity (Great Plains),
- Aurora Basin (Tall Trees)
New Austin
Joining the posse
- Take an American soldier as character.
- Send a mamber a massage (Xbox 360)
- xXRDRLEGENDXx aka Jan Booth (First Lieutenant)
- MonkeyzBusinesz aka Eric Morganson (Sergeant)
- KoD The Shadow aka Gaptooth McGee (Sergeant)
- SouL x FuRi0uZz aka Frederick Littlefield (Corporal)
- Graf SkyLine aka Stephen Paul (Private First Class)
- HTG ShokZz aka Tall Trees Ty (Private)
External links


text:
Skip to comments.The Real Risks of Amnesty
Posted on 04/27/2013 9:59:18 PM PDT by neverdem
American competitiveness and educational achievement are the worry, not an increased threat to national security.
The proponents of the Senate immigration amnesty bill are right about one thing: The recent Boston mayhem is largely irrelevant to immigration reform. Its unrealistic to think that immigration officials should have divined the young Tsarnaev brothers future homicidal plans when the familys asylum application was accepted in 2002 or even in 2007, when family members gained legal permanent-resident status. Perhaps the FBIs interview with Tamerlan Tsarnaev in 2011 for possible connections to Chechen terrorists should have stalled his younger brother Dzhokhars receipt of U.S. citizenship in 2012, but at least the Department of Homeland Security put Tamerlans own citizenship application on hold for further review, in light of the earlier FBI inquiry. If there was a government failure here, it would appear to have been the FBIs, not the DHSs, but more facts need to come out before reaching even that conclusion.
True, the asylum and refugee programs—a relatively small subset of legal immigration—suffer from fraud, but that fraud overwhelmingly consists of faking a basis for asylum, not covering up terrorist intentions. We can expect fraud to be an enormous problem in the proposed amnesty process, as it was in the 1986 amnesty, but it, too, will be largely concerned with manufacturing eligibility rather than with concealing terror plans. There is plenty to scrutinize in the Senates bill without alleging an exaggerated risk of terrorism, and it would be a mistake for skeptical senators to make national security a centerpiece of their inquiry. As horrific as every terror attack is, the incidence of domestic terrorism and the percentage of immigrants who commit it remain extremely low. The risks in the proposed amnesty law relate rather to Americas core immigration problem: the mass illegal entry of uneducated, unskilled aliens who pose no terror threat but who have a concrete effect on our educational and economic competitiveness.
Mickey Kaus has demolished the Senate bills central claim: that it makes border security a precondition for the granting of permanent-resident status. In fact, the enforcement goals consist of empty promises; nothing actually hangs on their achievement or requires that they ever be met. Immigrant advocate Frank Sharry candidly echoed Kauss analysis in the Wall Street Journal: The triggers [for obtaining green cards] are based on developing plans and spending money, not on reaching that effectiveness, which is really quite clever.
But the legislations most critical amnesty comes right away, before even the pretense of beefed-up security. Illegal aliens will get their illegal status removed six months after the bill is passed upon payment of $500. The formerly illegal aliens will be allowed to remain in the country legally, under so-called probationary status, for ten years (while those who wish to enter the country legally wait patiently in their home countries for permission to enter). This lawful presence is virtually everything that most would-be illegal aliens hope for, since few cross the border with any desire to become U.S. citizens. After the 1986 amnesty, the naturalization rate of newly legalized Hispanics remained depressed. Only after the passage of Californias Proposition 187, which barred illegal aliens from receiving government benefits, did Hispanic petitions for citizenship increase somewhat.
The idea that we will see any active immigration enforcement in the nations interior after passage of an amnesty defies reality. For nearly a decade, illegal-alien advocates have waged a relentless crusade to delegitimate immigration enforcement as inhumane; it is our laws, the argument goes, not an aliens decision to break them, that are responsible for breaking up families. Border security is harming and terrorizing our communities, Maria Fernanda Cabello, a Houston-based field organizer for United We Dream, told the Los Angeles Times last week. Its time for citizenship for our families.
The sponsors of the Senate bill should explain why the future of immigration enforcement is not foreshadowed in the successful attacks on the Secure Communities program. Secure Communities notifies Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) officials when an illegal-alien criminal is booked into a jail, in order to give ICE the opportunity to decide whether it wants to initiate deportation proceedings against the criminal. The program should be a no-brainer, and yet big-city police chiefs, like Los Angeless Charles Beck, and state governors, like New Yorks Andrew Cuomo, have refused to cooperate with ICE on the ground that subjecting illegal-alien criminals to the fear of deportation for so-called minor crimes is unfair. (Of course, the very concept of minor—that is, trivial—crimes should be an oxymoron in the age of Broken Windows policing.) Is the Gang of Eight willing to demand that local law enforcement start cooperating with ICE as a precondition of amnesty?
The Eight should also explain why they would allow illegal aliens with criminal records to legalize. Not one amnesty proposal has ever required a clean criminal record to qualify. The current bill allows aliens with two misdemeanor convictions to legalize. Given the incessant pressures on district attorneys to accept a plea in exchange for downgrading the crime charged and to ignore most arrests entirely, it takes considerable effort to rack up two misdemeanor convictions—whether by dealing drugs, assaulting fellow gangbangers, stealing, or tagging. The bills authors apparently think that staying on the right side of the law is an insuperable burden and that having a criminal record is an ordinary part of being an American.
The political effects of the proposed amnesty wont benefit the GOP, whatever the partys hopes might be. Hispanics will not shift their vote to Republicans in the next presidential election unless Republicans promote the same big-government programs, such as Obamacare, that attract Hispanics to the Democratic Party in the first place. So Republican handwringing over how to woo the Hispanic vote will begin all over again, and the next solution will be to convert probationers immediately to legal permanent-resident or citizenship status. Expect to hear the mantra: Bring the probationers out from the shadows.
Harvard economist George Borjas has recently estimated that low-skilled American workers already suffer wage losses of $402 billion a year because of immigrant labor, a sum that does not include the costs to taxpayers of welfare paid to low-skill immigrant workers and their children. Amnesty proponents should explain how providing legal status to millions of illegal aliens will affect the job prospects of the poorest Americans.
The coming amnestys insult to the rule of law and its magnet effect on future illegal immigration could perhaps have been justified had the proposed reform decisively converted the legal-immigration system from a family-based to a skills-based one. Instead, the Senate bill makes only a minor change in that direction. Reconfiguring immigration priorities is crucial, because many children of unskilled immigrants are assimilating into the underclass. They are also placing enormous burdens on the nations schools. California governor Jerry Brown proposes to redirect state taxpayer dollars from middle-class schools to those with high proportions of English learners, because Hispanic students lag so far behind whites and Asians. Most of these English learners were born and raised in the U.S. but are characterized as non-native speakers because their academic language skills are so low. Nationally, only 18 percent of Hispanic eighth-graders read at or above proficiency levels, according to the 2011 National Assessment of Educational Progress. Because of their low academic achievement (and their high rates of illegitimacy), second- and third-generation Hispanics rely on government welfare programs far more than native-born whites.
Stanley Kurtz has made the most subtle claim for why the Boston marathon bombings bear on immigration reform, arguing that they show the failure of what John Fonte calls patriotic assimilation. But terrorism remains a minute risk of that failure; the real consequence is to the unity of American culture, and the proposed amnesty bill will only erode it further.
This news broadcast will raise the blood pressure- IRS paying for illegals living in other countries!
Illegal aliens getting huge tax refunds!
MacDonald makes great points as usual. Why can't she get a gig as the token conservative at a place like Washington Post instead of a phony conservative like Jennifer Rubin?
Having said that, I think we could do a much better job of preventing garbage like the Tsarnaevs from getting into the US. The best way to deal with fraud-laden asylum and refugee programs is to abolish those programs. Maybe the former could be retained, but on a much more limited and strictly monitored basis.
And of course Ted Kennedy's absurd Diversity Lottery Visas should be abolished.
We should also end chain migration by limiting family reunification to spouses (i.e. female wife of a male citizen or male husband of a female citizen) and minor children.
There is a lot more we could do to make sure terrorists don't get in. Making the overall influx much smaller would itself make it much easier to screen those we do allow in.
Amen. Have you called or emailed your rep's?
Heather always has some good facts!
"Mickey Kaus has demolished the Senate bills central claim: that it makes border security a precondition for the granting of permanent-resident status. In fact, the enforcement goals consist of empty promises; nothing actually hangs on their achievement or requires that they ever be met. Immigrant advocate Frank Sharry candidly echoed Kauss analysis in the Wall Street Journal: The triggers [for obtaining green cards] are based on developing plans and spending money, not on reaching that effectiveness, which is really quite clever.
But the legislations most critical amnesty comes right away, before even the pretense of beefed-up security. Illegal aliens will get their illegal status removed six months after the bill is passed upon payment of $500. The formerly illegal aliens will be allowed to remain in the country legally, under so-called probationary status, for ten years (while those who wish to enter the country legally wait patiently in their home countries for permission to enter)"
Thanks for the heads-up---Heather nails it beautifully (W/ A BIT OF EDITING).
The Boston brother's welfare $$haul has underlined the govt's giveaways without requiring documentation for legal status. A few examples:
(1) No legal status required to get federal heating assistance.
(2) Same for federal and state rent subsidies.
(3) Same for UI--part federal (and for federal Emergency Unemployment Extensions).
(4) Same for IRS EITC (and the practice of claiming non-existent children supposedly left "back home").
Graphic courtesy of auntb.
Though I agree with much of this article I disagree with this sentence. First, all applicants who are muslim with no visible means of support should be suspect. Two, muslims applicants who named their oldest son after a genocidal muslim tryant who nicknamed himself "The Sword of Islam" should be especially suspect.
Disclaimer: Opinions posted on Free Republic are those of the individual posters and do not necessarily represent the opinion of Free Republic or its management. All materials posted herein are protected by copyright law and the exemption for fair use of copyrighted works.


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that is true jase
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