text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Oct 15, 1996
|Filing date
|Jun 5, 1995
|Priority date
|Aug 18, 1994
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Tin-Chee Lo
|Original Assignee
|International Business Machines Corporation
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (15), Referenced by (6), Classifications (10), Legal Events (4)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This is a division of application Ser. No. 08/292,673 filed Aug. 18, 1994, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,488,319.
1. Field of the Invention
The invention relates to latch design in sequential logic and more particularly to timed interface circuitry between self-reset logic circuits and a latch.
2. Background Art
In high speed CMOS design, it is desirable to use NMOS devices to perform logic and to use PMOS devices as loads to achieve zero standby power. In dynamic MOS logic, the internal node of a logic tree is first precharged to a power supply voltage and then selectively discharged according to the states of the inputs to the logic circuitry. Because the precharge action for all the gates within a chip usually takes place at the same time, precharge surge current tends to be very high. Self-reset dynamic MOS logic solves this problem by asynchronously resetting the various logic trees, thereby distributing the precharge actions for a number of logic trees over time. A dynamic CMOS logic tree will typically have a plurality of inputs and a number of NMOS gates for logically combining the inputs to produce an output. A typical dynamic CMOS self-reset logic circuit, such as circuit 100 shown in FIG. 1, comprises a well known Differential Cascode Voltage Switch (DCVS) logic tree 101 having a plurality of input terminals and internal nodes x and x-bar, as depicted in FIG. 1. In FIG. 1 and other figures depicting MOS circuit elements, the logic gates are assumed to be NFET gates unless designated by P. Those designated by P are PFET gates. The output nodes x and x-bar are precharged by load pull-up circuits 103 and 105, respectively, which are PMOS devices that charge the respective nodes. The nodes remain charged to a high voltage and are selectively discharged through the gates of the logic tree 101 in response to inputs to the logic tree. The internal nodes x, x-bar are both at a high logic value when charged. To ensure that the logic tree of the subsequently connected circuits does not erroneously receive high logic signals, the internal nodes x and x-bar are connected to inverters 107 and 109, respectively, to provide low outputs q and q-bar during the precharge state. A reset circuit 110 is connected to the output terminals q and q-bar through OR gate 112. The output of the OR gate 112 is low when the logic tree is inactive, i.e. when the internal nodes x and x-bar are charged to the positive level and outputs q and q-bar are low. When either of the outputs q and q-bar is switched to a high logic value, the output of OR gate 112, which will be a high going logic signal, is passed through an odd number of serially connected inverters 115 to produce a time delay. The output of the last of the inverters 115 is connected to both of the charging circuits 103 and 105 which again charge the internal nodes x and x-bar. The delay introduced by the inverters 115 is adjusted such that any circuit connected to the terminals q and q-bar will have sufficient time to evaluate the states of those terminals before internal nodes are again charged and the outputs q and q-bar are returned to the quiescent low state.
The self-reset logic circuit 100 may have inputs connected to an input latch and receiving input data from the input latch. Similarly, its outputs q and q-bar may be connected to an output latch for receiving output data. FIG. 2 is a representation of a prior art dual stage shift register latch (SRL) 120. The latch 120 is a CMOS Differential Cascode Voltage Switch (DCVS) implementation. The SRL shown in FIG. 2 has a first stage 121 and a second stage 131. The first stage 121 has a pair of input gates 124 connected to the q and q-bar output terminals of self-reset logic 140. These gates are connected to a control gate 125 which is operated periodically under the control of a clock pulse, C, causing the state of the output q and q-bar of the first stage 121 to be activated in accordance with the states of the outputs q and q-bar of the self-reset logic 140. Three non-overlapping clock pulses and their complements A and A-bar, B and B-bar, and C and C-bar are used. These pulses are generated by well-known clock circuitry not shown in the drawing. A latching circuit 126 is operated via control gate 128, in response to the low value of the C-clock pulse to latch the states of q and q-bar at the output of the first stage 121. The outputs q and q-bar of the first stage 121 are connected to a pair of input gates 135 of the second stage 131. The gates 135 are activated by means of control gate 136 in response to clock pulse B, referred to as the launch clock, to generate appropriate outputs s and s-bar of the second stage 131. The second stage 131 further includes a pair of gates 137 activated by control gate 138 which is, in turn, activated in the absence of the clock pulse B and serves to latch the state of s and s-bar. The outputs s and s-bar are connected to self-reset logic 150. Pull-up circuits 123 and 133 are provided to charge their respective associated logic circuits. Gate 139 inhibits activation of the second stage circuitry until clock pulse C is low. Under test operation, the first stage 121 and second stage 131 are chained electrically through a scan-in port 142 and a scan-out port 143. In normal system mode operations clocks B and C are active, generating pulses in alternate time slots, and clock A is inactive. In the test mode clocks A and B are operative, generating pulses in alternate time slots, and clock C is inactive. A pair of test input gates 127, operated under control of control gate 129, are provided to receive signal from scan-in port 142. Control gate 129 is operated under control of clock A. Gate 130 serves to latch a test signal in latch 126.
A problem with the prior art design in which self-reset logic is connected to a shift register latch, such as latch 120 shown in FIG. 2, is that the clock that strobes data into the latch does not operate in synchronism with the output pulse from the self-reset logic 140 and, hence, may be unable to capture data from the self-reset logic on a timely basis. A possible solution to that problem is to extend the delay in the reset loop of the self-reset logic (FIG. 1). However, that introduces undesirable time delay. A further problem occurs when a self-reset logic circuit, such as circuit 150, is driven by the outputs s and s-bar of the shift register latch 120. The outputs of the shift register latch are essentially steady state levels while the self-reset logic requires pulses as its input. Accordingly, a timing incompatibility has occurred which can cause circuit errors.
These and other problems of the prior art are solved in accordance with this invention at the interface between the output dynamic MOS self-reset logic and a dynamic MOS shift register latch by means of a timing circuit which does not allow the self-reset logic to be reset until the input clock pulse of the latch has arrived and the latch has had time to stably respond to valid input signals. Furthermore, in accordance with this invention, the timing incompatibility between the output of a dynamic MOS shift register latch and inputs of a dynamic MOS self-reset logic is solved by means of a DC to AC converter responsive to the output or launch clock pulse of the shift register latch logic. In accordance with one aspect of the invention, a chopper circuit responsive to the output clock (B-clock) of the latch generates a pulse which converts the steady state output levels of the latch to a pulsed format applied to the input terminals of the self-reset logic connected to the output terminals of the latch.
An embodiment of the invention is described below with reference to the drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram representation of a prior art dual-ended self-reset logic circuit;
FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram representation of a prior art dual stage shift register latch;
FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram representation of a reset circuit according to the invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagrammatic representation of an interface circuit in accordance with the invention;
FIG. 5 is a diagrammatic representation of a pulse-generating circuit of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a timing diagram showing the relative timing of pulses in the circuit of FIGS. 4 and 5; and
FIG. 7 is an alternate embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic representation of an reset circuit 201 according to the invention for use with a dynamic MOS logic tree 200 having differential outputs x and x-bar. The reset circuit 201 has outputs q and q-bar which are connected as inputs to a first stage circuit 210 of a dynamic MOS shift register latch 220, which may be a latch such as latch 120 shown in FIG. 2. The circuit 201 includes a pair of inverters 204 and 205 having inputs connected to the outputs x and x-bar of a DCVS logic tree 200 which may be a DCVS logic tree such as logic tree 101 shown in FIG. 1. Circuit 201 provides outputs q and q-bar connected to the latch 210. PMOS circuits 207, 208 are connected to a voltage source VH and serve to charge the nodes x and x-bar of the logic tree 200 to high logic levels in response to a reset signal occurring on conductor 211. Since outputs q and q-bar are connected to nodes x and x-bar through inverters, outputs q and q-bar will be at a low logic level when nodes x and x-bar are charged.
The circuit 201 includes an OR-gate 213 having inputs connected to the outputs q and q-bar outputs of inverters 204 and 205, respectively, and having an output connected an input of a NAND-gate 214. Another input of the NAND-gate 214 is connected to the input clock signal, the C-clock pulse of latch 210. The C-clock pulse is operative to gate the outputs q and q-bar into the latch 210. Accordingly, the NAND-gate 214 generates a negative going output pulse when one of the outputs q and q-bar is high simultaneous with the occurrence of the C-clock pulse. The output of the NAND-gate 214 is connected to the input of a first of a chain of even number of serially connected inverters, e.g. 216, 217, with the output of the last one being connected to the conductor 211. The NAND-gate 214, together with the inverters 216 and 217 introduce a delay calculated to be greater the time required to latch the values of q and q-bar in latch 210. It will be apparent that a high output q or q-bar will result in a low pulse on conductor 211 in response to the input clock signal to the latch 120, causing nodes x and x-bar to be self-reset by PFETs 207, 208 in preparation for the next output from the logic tree 200. Thus, a charge pulse, returning the outputs x and x-bar to a high state is applied in response to the C-clock which gates the states of q and q-bar into the latch 210. The charge pulse is delayed from the clock by a period of time sufficient to guarantee that the states of q and q-bar are properly latched in the latch 210 before q and q-bar are returned to the quiescent low state.
FIG. 4 is a diagrammatic representation of an interface circuit 230 connected between an output stage 221 of a dynamic MOS latch and inputs to a dynamic MOS self-reset logic circuit 250, which may be a DCVs logic tree circuit such as the logic circuit 100 shown in FIG. 1. The interface circuit 230 includes a chopper circuit 232 having an input connected to the launch clock (B-clock) which controls the activation of outputs s and s-bar of the output stage 221. The B-clock pulse starts after the C-clock pulse has terminated and terminates before the C-clock pulse arrives. The output s of the output stage 221 is connected via an inverter 233 to an AND gate 235. Similarly, output s-bar is connected via inverter 234 to an AND gate 236. AND gates 235 and 236 each have an input connected to conductor 240 which is connected to the output of the chopper circuit 232. AND gates 235 and 236 generate outputs q-bar and q, respectively, connected to the self-reset logic 250.
The chopper circuit 232 is shown in greater detail in FIG. 5 and includes an AND gate 242 and a delay circuit 241. The chopper circuit 232 generates a pulse in response to the positive going edge of the B-clock pulse occurring on conductor 225. The pulse on conductor 225 is applied to the delay circuit 241 and to the AND gate 242. When a positive B-clock pulse occurs on conductor 225, AND gate 242 will produce a positive output pulse B'. The positive going edge of pulse B' is delayed from the pulse B-clock by the normal gate delay of AND gate 242. This delay is selected to be larger than the time required for the output stage 221 to produce stable outputs at the outputs of the inverters 233 and 234, in response to the B-clock pulse on conductor 225. This is to avoid a pulse on the conductor 240 connected to AND gates 235 and 236 before the output data has arrived at these gates. In the event that the AND gate 242 does not provide sufficient delay, an additional delay may be introduced in a standard fashion.
The delay circuit 241, which may be any well known and commercially available delay circuit, delays the B-clock pulse occurring on conductor 225 by a delay D and reproduces the delayed pulse D on conductor 227. This conductor is connected through an inverter 229 to an input of AND gate 242. It will be apparent that the positive going edge of the pulse B' will be generated in response to the occurrence of the B-clock pulse on conductor 225 and delayed by the gate delay of gate 242 via inverter 229. Furthermore, the pulse B' will terminate when the delayed pulse D, from delay circuit 241, on conductor 227 reaches the input of AND gate 242 via inverter 229.
FIG. 6 is a timing chart showing the relative timing of clock pulses C and B and pulses B' and D. The C-clock pulse gates data into the first latch stage 210 (FIG. 3). The B-clock pulse occurs only when the output of the C-lock is low and launches the data to the output stage 221 of the latch. As can be seen from FIG. 6 and the circuitry of FIGS. 2 and 4, the output circuit 230 provides a clocked input to the dynamic MOS self-reset logic 250. The delay D introduced by the delay circuit 241 is selected to be such that the pulse B' is sufficiently wide for the self-reset logic 250 to be stabilized with respect to the new input. The interface circuit 230, in accordance with this invention, produces an output pulse of predefined duration which assures that the inputs to the self-reset logic are returned to a zero state on a timed basis in order to provide a pulsed input to the self-reset logic 250 from a latch providing a steady output.
Although the invention has been illustrated with respect to a differential cascode voltage switch latch, using tree-type MOS logic, it is to be understood that the invention has application with other types of latches as well. Furthermore, the latch 120 referenced in the above-noted example is a two-stage latch having scan-in inputs and scan-out outputs for testing purposes. A dynamic MOS latch without the test capability may be formed as a single stage latch controlled by the C-clock pulse and the C-bar clock pulse. In that configuration, the circuit 201 shown in FIG. 3 will be driven by the C-clock and the circuit 230 and FIG. 4 will be driven by the c-bar clock pulse. In an implementation without the test capabilities the A clock is not required.
FIG. 7 depicts an application of the invention with a static MOS latch 260. The latch 260 represents a known latch circuit operated under control of complimentary clock pulses C and C-bar. The pulse C-bar may be generated from the C-clock pulse by inverter 289 or may be directly available from a clock circuit (not shown). When the C-clock lead is high, the clock lead C-bar is low and the gate 261 is turned on and the gate 262 is turned off, to gate the current input state into the latch. When the C-clock is low, the C-bar clock is high and gate 262 is turned on and gate 261 is turned off and the state of the input 270 will be maintained in latch 260 by the latching action of inverters 264 and 265.
The input 270 of latch 260 is connected to a single-ended dynamic MOS logic tree 279 which may be a DCVs logic tree such as logic tree 101 shown in FIG. 1 having a single output X. An inverter 276 provides a complemented output Q. Gate 272 supplies operating current during logic evaluation time from clocked input .o slashed.EV. Gate 273 provides charge current for the output node of the logic tree 279 during the self-reset time. A reset circuit 275 is connected to the Q output. The reset circuit includes NAND gate 280 followed by even numbers of inverters, such as inverters 281 and 282, and is connected to the charge gate 273. As in the circuit of FIG. 3, the NAND gate 280 is controlled by the C-clock which controls the latching of input data to the latch 260. When the C-clock goes to the high state, a reset signal is generated at NAND gate 280 if the Q output is high. The reset signal is delayed by the gate delays of NAND gate 280 and inverters 281 and 282 to activate charge gate 273 a predetermined period of time after the leading edge of the C-clock pulse. Without the C-clock input the reset signal may occur before the output state of the logic tree 279 has been properly gated into the latch 260. The time delay introduced by the combination of inverters 276, 281 and 282 and NAND gate 280 should be greater than the duration of the C-clock pulse. Otherwise, latch 260 will be reset unconditionally as self-reset logic 275 is reset.
The output 266 of the latch 260 is connected via an AND gate 267 to a single input self-reset logic circuit 290, which may be of the type generally shown in FIG. 1 having single rather than differential input. The AND gate 267 is controlled from a chopper circuit 291 which is identical in structure to the circuit 232 shown in FIG. 5. In the circuit of FIG. 4, the B-clock pulse was used as an input to the chopper circuit. However, the static latch 260 does not use a B-clock pulse. In the single input embodiment shown in FIG. 7, the chopper circuit 291 is operated under control of the C-bar clock pulse, which is the compliment of the C-clock pulse. The C-bar clock pulse, like B-clock pulse, occurs after termination of the C-clock pulse. This assures that the data has been properly latched in the latch 260. The clock pulse B' is generated from the C-bar clock pulse a period of time after termination of the C-clock which is at least equal to one gate delay such as introduced by the gate 242 shown in FIG. 5. As shown in FIG. 5, the pulse B' is terminated a period of time determined by the delay introduced by the delay circuit 241 and gate delays of inverter 229 and gate 242. In this manner, the steady state output of a static latch is presented to dynamic MOS logic on a pulsed basis.
It is to be understood that the above-described arrangements are merely illustrative of the application of the principles of the invention and that other arrangements may be devised by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the accompanying claims.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Aug 29, 1983
|Apr 1, 1986
|International Business Machines Corporation
|LSSD-testable D-type edge-trigger-operable latch with overriding set/reset asynchronous control
|Dec 1, 1983
|Sep 30, 1986
|Motorola, Inc.
|Address transition pulse circuit
|Dec 19, 1986
|Jun 14, 1988
|Hughes Aircraft Company
|Self-timing circuit
|Oct 18, 1989
|Oct 2, 1990
|Hewlett-Packard Company
|Apparatus for generation of scan control signals for initialization and diagnosis of circuitry in a computer
|Mar 2, 1990
|May 14, 1991
|International Business Machines Corp.
|High speed decoding circuit with improved AND gate
|Jun 25, 1990
|May 14, 1991
|Texas Instruments Incorporated
|Compound domino CMOS circuit
|Dec 20, 1989
|May 28, 1991
|Sgs-Thomson Microelectronics, Inc.
|Noise tolerant input buffer
|Oct 10, 1990
|Jun 9, 1992
|Hal Computer Systems, Inc.
|Zero overhead self-timed iterative logic
|Jan 25, 1990
|Jun 30, 1992
|International Business Machines Corporation
|Integrated circuit driver inhibit control test method
|Mar 5, 1991
|Dec 15, 1992
|National Semiconductor Corporation
|Single channel serial data receiver
|Dec 12, 1989
|Nov 23, 1993
|U.S. Philips Corp.
|Pulse generator circuit arrangement
|Mar 27, 1992
|Dec 21, 1993
|International Business Machines Corp.
|Basic DCVS circuits with dual function load circuits
|Aug 31, 1992
|Mar 1, 1994
|Motorola, Inc.
|Decoder/comparator and method of operation
|Sep 29, 1993
|Jul 12, 1994
|Hewlett-Packard Company
|Self-timed clocking system and method for self-timed dynamic logic circuits
|Jan 25, 1994
|Oct 17, 1995
|Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha
|Synchronizing pulse generating circuit
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Sep 28, 1998
|Jan 9, 2001
|International Business Machines Corporation
|Compound domino logic circuit having output noise elimination
|May 22, 2000
|Feb 12, 2002
|Motorola, Inc.
|Multi-channel signaling
|Dec 16, 1999
|Mar 19, 2002
|Hyundai Electronics Industries Co.
|Amplifier for use in semiconductor integrated circuits
|Feb 4, 2002
|Mar 9, 2004
|Hyundai Electronics Industries Co., Ltd.
|Amplifier for use in semiconductor integrated circuits
|Aug 30, 2001
|Jun 21, 2005
|Micron Technology, Inc.
|Zero power chip standby mode
|Aug 30, 2001
|Mar 13, 2003
|Lovett Simon J.
|Zero power chip standby mode
|U.S. Classification
|327/211, 327/333, 327/213, 327/144
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Jan 5, 2000
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|May 5, 2004
|Maintenance fee reminder mailed
|Oct 15, 2004
|Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees
|Dec 14, 2004
|Expired due to failure to pay maintenance fee
Effective date: 20041015


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I've been teaching Family and Consumer Sciences at Windsor High School since 2003. I have taught a variety of classes in our department and enjoy what I do. I am also a Family, Career and Community Leaders of America (FCCLA) Advisor.
In my spare time, I enjoy spending time with my family, designing, organizing, shopping and reading.
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Have a great day!
Mrs. Annie Clarke

subset: commoncrawl


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By David Bauder, AP Television Writer
NEW YORK About half of the people who are using mobile phones to pull down video or information about the Olympics have been trying out that technology for the first time, NBC said on Wednesday.
NBC Universal, a unit of General Electric Co., has been using the Olympics as something of a research lab to track the adoption of new media technology. Since the opening ceremony last Friday, the company has made content available online, through video on demand and via cell phones along with traditional TV.
The number of people requesting Olympic content over their phones is still relatively small -- 494,506 on Sunday and 476,062 on Monday -- but NBC executives say they're stunned at how many of those never used the phones for this purpose before.
"To some extent, the Olympics are beginning to influence how people use new technology," said Alan Wurtzel, research president for NBC Universal.
By far, however, television is still the preferred format. Of the estimated 107 million people to experience at least a few minutes of the Olympics on Sunday, 95 percent watched it on TV, NBC said.
Given the choice between a high-definition TV placed before a couch or a small, grainy picture on a computer screen, it's still a pretty obvious call, Wurtzel said.
NBC's prime-time ratings are running well ahead of the Athens games in 2004. Through five days, the average prime-time viewership for NBC is 31.3 million, the network said. Interest in Athens started slowly but heated up with gymnastics, while the Beijing games have been a draw from the start.
It has become a communal event that the country has enjoyed sharing, Wurtzel said, a rarity in the day of media fractionalization.
"I don't think you're going to see too much of this in the future," he said.
Americans downloaded some 1.7 million video streams of Monday's stunning swimming relay where the American team came from behind to beat France and keep Michael Phelps' gold medal streak alive. An estimated 1.5 million video streams were e-mailed from one person to another, Wurtzel said.
NBC Universal worried in past Olympics years that its decision to air much of the events on cable outlets like CNBC, MSNBC and USA would siphon interest from prime-time, which is still where the network earns the bulk of its advertising revenue.
But the opposite proved to be true and, this year, the same thing has happened with the digital content, said Gary Zenkel, president of NBC Olympics.
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text:
Cambodian Cassette Archives - Khmer Folk and Pop Music Vol. 1
Track Listing: A1. Kieng Yuthhan - Sronos Kantong Khiev (Blue Basket) A2. Darkie - Ye Hua Dam (aka: Look at the Owl) A3. Klan Han - Knyom Chea Howra (I Am a Fortune Teller) A4. Meas Samon - Bong Mork Rok Oun Heuy (Coming to Meet You) A5. Sinn Sisamouth - Roserb Nas! Roserb Nas! (Don't Let My Girlfriend Tickle Me) A6. Darkie - Ye Hua Dam (aka: Look At The Owl) (Instrumental Version) B1. [Unknown Artist] - [Unknown Title] (Instrumental) B2. Son Thoeung - Damrey Cheung Buon (The Four Feet of the Elephant) B3. Eueng Nary & Pen Ran - Noe Euy Srey Noe (Lady Named Noe) B4. Wat Phnom Orchestra - Om Touk Knong Beung (Lake Festival) excerpt (Instrumental) B5. Golden Dragon Band - Original Music Segue from Golden Dragon VHS Cassette C1. Prum Manh - Two Wives Are Twice the Problem C2. Ros Sereysothea & Dara Chomchan - Kmean Luok Te Sneha (Love's Not for Sale) C3. Pen Ran - Rom Jangvak Khmer Leur Muoy Bot Sen (Rhythm of the Lam Leow Highlanders) C4. Wat Phnom Orchestra - Sronos Kantong Khiev - aka: Blue Basket (Instrumental) C5. [Unknown Artist] - [Unknown Title] (Instrumental) D1. [Unknown Artist] - Euy Saob Nas (Oh, How I Hate You) D2. [Unknown Artist] - [Unknown Title] - Khmer New Wave D3. [Unknown Artist] - She Doesn't Need Your Money D4. Son Thoeung - Bong Lear Hoy Oun (Goodbye Love) D5. Chhoun Vanna - To Tea Yum Chlong (Birds Are Singing But My Lover Won't Return) - First vinyl edition of the Cambodian Cassette Archives compilation, a beloved Sublime Frequencies favorite originally released on CD in 2004 and long out of print. - Includes tracks by legends of Cambodia's golden age during the 1960s-1970s including Sinn Sisamouth, Ros Sereysothea, Pen Ran, Chhoun Vanna, and more, as well as performers of lesser-heard music of the Cambodian diaspora recorded in the 1980s and 1990s, including singers such as Kieng Yuthhan. - Choice gems drawn from over 150 aging cassettes found at the Asian Branch of the Oakland Public Library in California during the late 1990s and lovingly assembled and notated by Mark Gergis. - Two LPs with bonus tracks in full-color gatefold sleeve with extensive liner notes and vital new track and title information. - Restored and remastered audio. - Limited edition of 2000. - RSD 2016 release.


text:
Sarah H. McBride-Gagyi, Ph.D.
Assistant Professor
Ph.D. Biomedical Engineering from Case Western Reserve
M.S. Biomedical Engineering from Case Western Reserve
B.S. Mechanical Engineering, Clemson University
Ph.D. Biomedical Engineer with over nine years of academic and industrial research experience. Specializes in stem cell biomechanics and mechanics of bone repair/regeneration. Currently investigating the coupling between angiogenesis and osteogenesis during bone repair. Develops diverse experimental protocols and analysis software. Also has over eight years of teaching, training, and mentoring experience.
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Romeo Barahona Melendez
Former Attorney General of El Salvador
"Las Pandillas Estructuras Criminales en el Triangulo Norte de Centroamérica"
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The Problem of Order: What Unites and Divides Society
Free Press, 1994 - Social Science - 354 pages
At the end of the twentieth century, many fear that the bonds holding civil society together have come undone. Yet, as the noted scholar Dennis Wrong shows us, our generation is not alone in fearing a breakdown of social ties and a descent into violent conflict.
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THE PROBLEM OF ORDER: What Unites and Divides SocietyUser Review - Jane Doe - Kirkus
A close, challenging look at what—according to numerous philosophers and social thinkers—prompts individuals and societies to converge or separate, from respected New York University sociologist ... Read full review
The Problem of Order from Hobbes to the Present
Order as Regularity and as Rule
Social and Antisocial Elements in Human Nature
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Very basic science type experiements for a 5yo please(55 Posts)
Can anyone recommend anything please? It has to be basic and preferably have instant results (rather than say leaving it on the windowsill for a fortnight). As much mixing and adding various things as possible
Does an Orange Float or Sink?
Does an orange float or sink when placed in water? Seems like a fairly straight forward question, but is it? Give this fun density science experiment for kids a try and answer the question while learning a unique characteristic of oranges.
What you'll need:
An orange
A deep bowl or container
Fill the bowl with water.
Put the orange in the water and watch what happens.
Peel the rind from the orange and try the experiment again, what happens this time?
What's happening?
The first time you put the orange in the bowl of water it probably floated on the surface, after you removed the rind however, it probably sunk to the bottom, why?
The rind of an orange is full of tiny air pockets which help give it a lower density than water, making it float to the surface. Removing the rind (and all the air pockets) from the orange increases its density higher than that of water, making it sink.
Density is the mass of an object relative to its volume. Objects with a lot of matter in a certain volume have a high density, while objects with a small amount of matter in the same volume have a low density.
Chromatography, some felt pen inks split into different colours with water or alcohol. Coffee filters make good bolting paper for this.
Blue bells change colour in weak vinegar and bicarbonate. Other blue flowers do too.
Hydrangeas have different flower colours dependent on soil type. Not instant, but a great talking point for visitors if you have them in pots on the patio.
Experience Gravity Free Water
What goes up must come down right? Well try bending the rules a little with a cup of water that stays inside the glass when held upside down. You'll need the help of some cardboard and a little bit of air pressure.
What you'll need:
A glass filled right to the top with water
A piece of cardboard
Put the cardboard over the mouth of the glass, making sure that no air bubbles enter the glass as you hold onto the cardboard.
Turn the glass upside down (over a sink or outside until you get good).
Take away your hand holding the cardboard.
What's happening?
If all goes to plan then the cardboard and water should stay put. Even though the cup of water is upside down the water stays in place, defying gravity! So why is this happening? With no air inside the glass, the air pressure from outside the glass is greater than the pressure of the water inside the glass. The extra air pressure manages to hold the cardboard in place, keeping you dry and your water where it should be, inside the glass.
Will the Ice Melt and Overflow?
At first thought you might think that an ice cube sitting at the very top of a glass would eventually melt and spill over the sides but is this what really happens? Experiment and find out!
What you'll need:
A clear glass
Warm water
An ice cube
Fill the glass to the top with warm water.
Gently lower in the ice cube, making sure you don't bump the table or spill any water over the edge of the glass.
Watch the water level carefully as the ice cube melts, what happens?
What's happening?
Even though the ice cube melted the water doesn't overflow. When water freezes to make ice it expands and takes up more space than it does as liquid water (that's why water pipes sometimes burst during cold winters). The water from the ice takes up less space than the ice itself. When the ice cube melts, the level of the water stays about the same.
Make an Egg Float in Salt Water
An egg sinks to the bottom if you drop it into a glass of ordinary drinking water but what happens if you add salt? The results are very interesting and can teach you some fun facts about density.
What you'll need:
One egg
A tall drinking glass
Pour water into the glass until it is about half full.
Stir in lots of salt (about 6 tablespoons).
Carefully pour in plain water until the glass is nearly full (be careful to not disturb or mix the salty water with the plain water).
Gently lower the egg into the water and watch what happens.
What's happening?
Salt water is denser than ordinary tap water, the denser the liquid the easier it is for an object to float in it. When you lower the egg into the liquid it drops through the normal tap water until it reaches the salty water, at this point the water is dense enough for the egg to float. If you were careful when you added the tap water to the salt water, they will not have mixed, enabling the egg to amazingly float in the middle of the glass.
Invisible Ink with Lemon Juice
Making invisible ink is a lot of fun, you can pretend you are a secret agent as you keep all your secret codes and messages hidden from others. All you need is some basic household objects and the hidden power of lemon juice.
What you'll need:
Half a lemon
Cotton bud
White paper
Lamp or other light bulb
Squeeze some lemon juice into the bowl and add a few drops of water.
Mix the water and lemon juice with the spoon.
Dip the cotton bud into the mixture and write a message onto the white paper.
Wait for the juice to dry so it becomes completely invisible.
When you are ready to read your secret message or show it to someone else, heat the paper by holding it close to a light bulb.
What's happening?
Lemon juice is an organic substance that oxidizes and turns brown when heated. Diluting the lemon juice in water makes it very hard to notice when you apply it the paper, no one will be aware of its presence until it is heated and the secret message is revealed. Other substances which work in the same way include orange juice, honey, milk, onion juice, vinegar and wine. Invisible ink can also be made using chemical reactions or by viewing certain liquids under ultraviolet (UV) light.
Test Your Dominant Side
Check out this cool experiment that will teach you more about how your body and brain work together. Test your dominant side by completing a series of challenges. Which hand do you write with? Which foot do you kick with? Do you have a dominant eye? Do you throw with one side of your body but kick with the other? Are you ambidextrous? Answer these questions and much more with this fun science experiment for kids.
What you'll need:
A pen or pencil
Paper or a notepad to write your findings on
An empty tube (an old paper towel tube is good)
A cup of water
A small ball (or something soft you can throw)
Write 'left' or 'right' next to each task depending on what side you used/favored.
When you've finished all the challenges review your results and make your own conclusions about which is your dominant eye, hand and foot.
Eye tests:
Which eye do you use to wink?
Which eye do you use to look through the empty tube?
Extend your arms in front of your body. Make a triangle shape using your fore fingers and thumbs. Bring your hands together, making the triangle smaller (about the size of a coin is good). Find a small object in the room and focus on it through the hole in your hands (using both eyes). Try closing just your left eye and then just your right, if your view of the object changed when you closed your left eye mark down 'left', if it changed when you closed your right eye mark down 'right'.
Hand/Arm tests:
Which hand do you use to write?
Pick up the cup of water, which hand did you use?
Throw the ball, which arm did you use?
Foot/Leg tests:
Run forward and jump off one leg, which did you jump off?
Drop the ball on the ground and kick it, which foot did you use?
What's happening?
So what side do you favor? Are you left handed or right handed? Left footed or right footed? Is your right eye dominant or is it your left?
Around 90% of the world's population is right handed. Why most people favor the right side is not completely understood by scientists. Some think that the reason is related to which side of your brain you use for language. The right side of your body is controlled by the left side of your brain, and in around 90% of people the left side of the brain also controls language.
Others think the reason might have more to do with culture. The word 'right' is associated being correct and doing the right thing while the word 'left' originally meant 'weak'. Favoring the right hand may have become a social development as more children were taught important skills by right handed people and various tools were designed to be used with the right hand.
Around 80% of people are right footed and 70% favor their right eye. These percentages are lower than those who are right handed and this could be because your body has more freedom of choice in choosing its favored foot and eye than that of its favored hand. In other words you are more likely to be trained to use your right hand than your right foot and even more so than your right eye.
It's not strange to find people who favor the opposite hand and foot (e.g. left hand and right foot), and some people are lucky enough to be ambidextrous, meaning they can use their left and right sides with equal skill.
Try testing others and coming to your on conclusions about what side the human body favors and why.
Extra: Are you more likely to be left handed if one of your parents is left handed? What are some of the possible disadvantages for left handed people? (Tools, writing materials etc) Do left handed people have an advantage in sports?
Interesting fact: In 2009, only 7% of the players in the NBA were left handed while in 2008 around 26% of MLB pitchers were left handed.
Is it better to be left handed in some sports than others? What do you think?
Message withdrawn at poster's request.
Bend a Straw with Your Eyes
Using the power of your eyes, bend a straw sitting in half a glass of water without even touching it! It sounds like magic but it's really another amazing scientific principle at work.
What you'll need:
A glass half filled with water
A straw
2 eyes (preferably yours)
Look at the straw from the top and bottom of the glass.
Look at the straw from the side of the glass, focus on the point where the straw enters the water, what is strange about what you see?
What's happening?
Our eyes are using light to see various objects all the time, but when this light travels through different mediums (such as water & air) it changes direction slightly. Light refracts (or bends) when it passes from water to air. The straw looks bent because you are seeing the bottom part through the water and air but the top part through the air only. Air has a refractive index of around 1.0003 while water has a refractive index of about 1.33.
my 5yr old was amused for half a day with just the "will it float or sink" game by finding something to put in a bowl of water.
Obv. some supervision is needed before they put an ipod in there though!
Ooh just thought of another - the "floating arms" experiment. Stand in a doorway with your arms by your sides, then raise them so that the backs of your hands press against the frame. Push outwards as hard as you can and count to 30. Then step out of the doorway - your arms will float upwards without any effort from you because your triceps will continue to contract. Not sure how well this will work with a 5-year old as they may struggle to reach the doorframe or to stand still for 30 seconds!
Oh wow. Thanks very much everyone for all the ideas.
torando in a bottle! www.stevespanglerscience.com/lab/experiments/tornado-in-a-bottle
oil and water
Once you've done the volcano experiment, use the same principals to make honeycomb
Great thread - hope you don't mind, have asked MNHQ to move it so it doesn't disappear (it might take me more than 90 days to get round to some of these )
During the summer you could teach him the difference between solid and liquid by making ice-lollies
Make ice without a freezer. In a big bowl, mix lots
and lots and lots of salt and water. In a smaller bowl put plain water and sit it in the big bowl, making sure no salt water enters it. The water in the smaller bowl will start to crystallise
Make a cornflake move about in milk using only a magnet.
The iron in the cereal is attracted to the magnet so you can chase it around the bowl.
This is fab, it's got to go into classics! My DC have just finished half term, but now I can't wait for the Easter holidays to try some of these.
This is brilliant! Marking place.
Put lemon juice and bicarbonate of soda in a film canister, put the lid on and give it a shake. Then run very far away as the lid is likely to shoot off at serious speed. (To be done outside, with lots of supervision and preferably safety specs!) Alternatively (and much much safer) put a balloon over the canister rather than the lid and watch the balloon blow up all by itself!
If anyone lives near Cambridge have a look at this site for something sciencey and fabulous on the 15th March. My best friend ran this back in the late 90s and I fell in love with my dh watching him demonstrate the lemon juice experiment to a really cute little boy.
Google bird in a cage optical illusion or stick it in you tube
The diet and non diet drinks experimemt is easy.
Get your ds to guess which cans will float or not. Sugary ones will sink and diet ones will float
Possibly for the summer - study centrifugal forces by filling a bucket of water and swinging it round over your head.
Make a toy roundabout and have fun flinging Lego people off it as you spin it.
Balancing lots of coins on a see-saw - challenge.them to balance the thing when you put a number of coins in one place, but they can't just do the same.
Sieving soil or sand or compost with a colander and sieve to see what size bits are there.
And the classic sending them on a ladybird/woodlouse hunt in the garden (while you have a cup of tea)
Get an oscilloscope app and measure the frequencies generated by blowing over the tops of various sized bottles.
Make ice cream! www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/~/media/Educators/Educators_downloads/icecream_in_bag.ashx
Lots of other ideas here if they've not already been linked. www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/educators/teaching_resources/activities.aspx
The book people have got anUsborne book at tge moment called Junior Science Encyclopedia or something.it's £4 andhas home science experiment ideas.
We play a game called "Sink or Float" where we get things of similar shape and size, but different material (metal spoon , plastic spoon; golf ball, ping pong ball) and a big bowl of water and guess if they are going to sink or float before we put them in the bucket.
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So, I need to obtain some very cheap cookware, mainly a chef's knife, a paring knife, pot for pasta, small saucepan, and a frying pan. (My roommate is somewhat baking obsessed, so that's covered). I live in a dorm with very lovely people who have a talent for destroying or wandering off with anything found in a kitchen. The kitchens have a large selection of non-stick cookware, which I'm not a big fan of because I like cooking at high heat.
So, I need cheap, relatively idiot-proof cookware, because while I'm going to try to keep everything in my room, I need it to be hard to destroy (in the dishwasher, or from high heat, etc) and cheap enough that if someone walks off with it I won't be really sad. I'd like it to work well for three or four years, and certainly wouldn't complain if it kept on doing so.
I was thinking some Kiwi knives. For a big pot for pasta or soup and a smaller saucepan I'm debating between some stainless from Ikea and some aluminum from a restaurant supply store. They are both very cheap (under $15 per piece). I suspect that the aluminum would be nicer to work with, but the Ikea ones will survive the dishwasher better and therefore is more likely to not induce my dormmates to toss them. The big Ikea pot (5 quarts) is oven safe, which is important to me. I don't know where to get the frying pan. I like to cook on high heat, but the cheapest stainless fry pan I can find is still pricier around $20. Is there anything cheaper? Would carbon steel or blue steel be salvageable if someone mistreats it?
So, my choice is mainly restaurant supply store aluminum cookware (it's very, very cheap) or Ikea stainless. The aluminum is cheaper, but I don't know how that'll work if someone else decides to use it, and I don't know how the fry pans fare under high heat. I don't want any non-stick, because that's quite plentiful around here. Would I be able to use a paella pan as a general skillet? Given that it's nice carbon steel and much cheaper than non-paella carbon steel pans of the same size. Any recommendations? I don't need this stuff to last, although I'd love it if it did.


text:
Kassy and Goldy Snuggling
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Nanny Jean on 21st August 2009
Very pretty page, gorgeous photo well done xx
lindalou on 21st August 2009
Lovely pic of Kassy and Goldie, love the pink colour and the frame x
nannyanne on 21st August 2009
Gorgeous pic.. pretty scrap!
sunset on 21st August 2009
Another lovely photo!
supereve on 21st August 2009
another great photo in a lovely setting again. love that shade of pink
angelmom620 on 21st August 2009
Gorgeous page! I love the satin background. And, your pic is beautiful! Big love it from me!
Daisy on 21st August 2009
a LOVELY PAGE...SO GIRLIE!!


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Discount window stigma during the 2007-2008 financial crisis
We provide empirical evidence for the existence, magnitude, and economic cost of stigma associated with banks borrowing from the Federal Reserve's Discount Window (DW) during the 2007-08 financial crisis. We find that banks were willing to pay a premium of around 44 basis points across funding sources (126 basis points after the bankruptcy of Lehman Brothers) to avoid borrowing from the DW. DW stigma is economically relevant as it increased some banks' borrowing cost by 32 basis points of their pre-tax return on assets (ROA) during the crisis. The implications of our results for the provision of liquidity by central banks are discussed.
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|54 pages
|Date of creation:
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|01 Aug 2015
|Previous title: Stigma in financial markets: evidence from liquidity auctions and discount window borrowing during the crisis. For a published version of this report, see Olivier Armantier, Eric Ghysels, Asani Sarkar, and Jeffrey Shrader, "Discount Window Stigma during the 2007-2008 Financial Crisis," Journal of Financial Economics 118, no. 2 (November 2015): 317-335.
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References listed on IDEAS
Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.:
- Stavros Peristiani, 1998. "The Growing Reluctance To Borrow At The Discount Window: An Empirical Investigation," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 80(4), pages 611-620, November.
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Dental implants are a great way to replace missing teeth and also provide a fixed solution to having removable partial or complete dentures. Implants provide excellent support and stability for these dental appliances.
Dental implants are artificial roots and teeth (usually titanium) that are surgically placed into the upper or lower jaw bone by a dentist or Periodontist - a specialist of the gums and supporting bone. The teeth attached to implants are very natural looking and often enhance or restore a patient's smile!
Dental implants are very strong, stable, and durable and will last many years, but on occasion, they will have to be re-tightened or replaced due to normal wear.
Reasons for dental implants:
What does getting dental implants involve?
The process of getting implants requires a number of visits over several months.
X-rays and impressions (molds) are taken of the jaw and teeth to determine bone, gum tissue, and spacing available for an implant. While the area is numb, the implant will be surgically placed into the bone and allowed to heal and integrate itself onto the bone for up to six months. Depending on the type of implant, a second surgery may be required in order to place the "post" that will hold the artificial tooth in place. With other implants the post and anchor are already attached and placed at the same time.
After several weeks of healing the artificial teeth are made and fitted to the post portion of the anchor. Because several fittings may be required, this step may take one to two months to complete. After a healing period, the artificial teeth are securely attached to the implant, providing excellent stability and comfort to the patient.
You will receive care instructions when your treatment is completed. Good oral hygiene, eating habits, and regular dental visits will aid in the life of your new implant.
We encourage you to contact us with any questions or comments you may have. Please call our office or use the quick contact form.
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A leading researcher in the field of political history has stated that Daesh or ISIS has been focusing on recruiting women, over the last 2 years. A researcher in military and political history, Tawasif Al Enizi has stated that terrorist organizations have aimed to recruit women who will nurture and procreate a future generation of soldiers. Al Enizi stated that women are through nature emotional beings, and they can also evade any surveillance or watch by the authorities, as women tend to behave much more secretly than men in the society. They are also extremely active on the social media platforms and can also stealthily promote any terrorist organization that they may be a part of.
Al Enizi has stated that there are several accounts on Twitter which supposedly belong to females; however they are operated by men. Over the last two months, there was a huge surge in terrorist accounts on twitter and around 70 percent of those terrorist accounts had female names. Analysts have concluded after a lengthy study that these accounts are in fact not run by women. The men are using female identities in order to lure other women. She added that Daesh or ISIS has dedicated a total of 8 positions in their organization which will be occupied by women. Women working under ISIS or Daesh, mainly work as media coordinators, wives in temporary "Jihadi Marriages", teaching, religious studies, helping in suicide mission, sewing and stitching and drafting. The women are also responsible for encouraging the soldiers and supporting them by collecting money for the organization.
The wife of a member of ISIS or Daesh had been killed in an operation which had been aimed towards the capture of a militant commander, hiding in the northern region of the Kingdom earlier this month. This woman armed with a machine gun was name Banan Hilal and has become a mysterious figure. Before her death at the hands of Saudi Security Forces, Banan was said to be living with a man who had been pretending to be her husband. Al Enizi stated that she had seen several strange but noteworthy posts by females in ISIS.
Some of these women have gone out to tweet that the main reason behind the high rate of spinsterhood in the Kingdom, is because men from ISIS or Daesh are not here. Women have also tweeted that those women who have not married a man from ISIS, do not truly know the meaning of marriage. Al Enizi adds that several such tweets are present which are praising the men of ISIS.
She also added that the women, who are drawn to groups such as ISIS or Daesh, are usually from an oppressed background, looking for purpose and freedom. These women try to fill an emotional void. Some of these women are just looking for an adventure. These accounts belong to different people as they are up and running round the clock 24 hours a day.
Source: Saudi Gazette
Security Conditions in Saudi Arabia
- Why Illegal Expats living in Saudi Arabia could be next target of ISIS (Daesh)?
- How Daesh (ISIS) Militants rape the Yazidi Girls systematically?
- PhD Professor of Dammam University Joins ISIS
- Father Stones her Daughter to Death under ISIS


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April 9, 2010
Why I write nonfiction
3 comments:
Great blog. You will do well. I may not write something every time, I will be reading.ReplyDelete
My mom just told me the other day I should write a book. I said "About what?" and she said "About anything - it would be great!" It was a nice compliment, though I don't share the sentiment. We are our own worst critics, aren't we?ReplyDelete
I say follow your passion and the skills will follow. It has been passion for the story that has led me to write fiction and little by little my skills are coming along. You already have skills and passion for nonfiction, so that's a winning combination! :-)ReplyDelete
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Competing Ideologies in Health Care: A Personal Perspective
Young, Ann P.
Bibliographic Citation
Nursing Ethics 1997 May; 4(3): 191-201
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Women's Health, Women's Health Care: Complicating Experience, Language and Ideologies McDonald, Carol; McIntyre, Marjorie (2002-10)
Strikes -- an Appropriate Action for Health Care Employees? a Personal Perspective Benn-Rohloff, Nicole (1997-07)In this article I would like to express my personal ideas and points of view about strike action, which I think many colleagues will share. I am a qualified paediatric nurse, currently working in the central operating ...


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Nantwich Riding Club! (Dressage) nikki hannah v hannah w guiniss i have been to
loads of shows with nikki
and i have come either first
or second at the competitions! i have got a cousin
who is representing britain
for dressage. ive got two of one of
my best friends riding with me! one is
heading towards the stage of my cousin
and the other is at the same stage as me!!
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Nantwich Riding Club! (Dressage)
I Love Dressage!! :P
Hannah Wilsonon 15 July 2011
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Can you believe that it is September? The leaves are already starting to change here in Logan, Utah and I am loving it. I love everything about fall from the clothing to the food and smells. But it is still warm enough outside to enjoy your last few meals of barbecue but still have warm soup for dinner. Here are a few of our favorite summer, fall, and transition meals that are fast and easy. Hope your family loves these recipes as much as ours does. Have a good week!
Mom's Easy Chicken Broccoli Casserole
Slow Cooker Sunday Dinner Pot Roast
You Might Also Enjoy These Weekly Menu Plans:
Weekly Menu Plan July 28th-August 3rd
Weekly Menu Plan March 10th-16th
Weekly Menu Plan March 16th-22nd
We're so excited to announce that our 4th cookbook is available for PRE-SALE!!!
Sweets and Treats with Six Sisters' Stuff
This cookbook is all our very favorite recipes: DESSERTS!
Get it HERE.


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North Fork ranch is truly amazing - the scenery, food, accomodations and service. The owners and staff go above and beyond to ensure everyone's needs are met (including anyone with dietary restrictions). While only a few miles from the Denver metro area, you feel a million miles away. It is an incredible place for a retreat from hectic day to day life.
- Official Description (provided by the hotel):
- Welcome to life at North Fork Ranch a premier guest ranch and fishing lodge. Established in 1985, this family oriented ranch rests on a half mile of private river, the North Fork of the South Platte. One hour from Denver, in the majestic Rocky Mountains, you'll find horseback riding, whitewater rafting, world class fly fishing, campfire, intimate accommodations, dining with a gourmet flare and activities for all ages! **Colorado's Newest, Orvis Endorsed Fishing Lodge** ... more less
- Also Known As:
- North Fork Ranch Colorado/Shawnee


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Jose Mourinho confirms he has no intention of dropping Wayne Rooney for big games
The Manchester United boss explained the reasons behind his decision to leave the club captain at home for tomorrow's fixture against Feyenoord.
Along with Rooney, Jesse Lingard and Henrikh Mkhitaryan, who were both taken off at half-time during the defeat to Manchester City at the weekend, have also been left out as Mourinho looks to utilise his squad in Holland, while Phil Jones is injured.
Marcus Rashford could be set for a first start of the season, while Matteo Darmian, Timothy Fosu-Mensah, Marcos Rojo, Michael Carrick and Memphis Depay may also be included having failed to make the derby day squad.
Following Paul Pogba's poor performance in the Manchester derby, there were many calls among fans and pundits for Rooney to be dropped to allow the France star play in his favoured left-sided midfield role as part of a 4-3-3 formation.
Starting to think Pogba will never be the best until we sacrifice Rooney and Fellaini in a 4-3-3. Strange feeling #mufc— All For United (@allforunited) September 13, 2016
Lots of Pogba criticism but the fact is he's playing out of position so we can accomodate Rooney. Same old story.#MUFC— The United Stand (@UnitedStandMUFC) September 12, 2016
Deserved nothing from that game. United were awful. Rooney needs to be dropped. And quickly. Pogba didn't get a kick. Didn't turn up. #MUFC— Simon Delaney (@SimonDelaneyEsq) September 10, 2016
Spending so much on Pogba to play him out of position is like buying a Picasso and sticking it in the garage— David Amoyal (@DavidAmoyal) September 10, 2016
While Mourinho did switch to 4-3-3 in the Manchester derby after Ander Herrera was introduced, it seems unlikely that that system can accommodate Rooney for 90 minutes.
Pogba has yet to register a goal or assist since his world-record move back to Old Trafford but any fans hoping to see the former Juventus man play in his preferred role may have to wait a while.
In his pre-Europa League press conference today, Mourinho outlined why Rooney was left behind for the trip:
Jose Mourinho explains why he's rested Wayne Rooney for the trip to Feyenoord. #MUTVHD https://t.co/8wDZ45wUUK— Manchester United (@ManUtd) September 14, 2016
Man United squad in full: De Gea, Romero, Johnstone; Darmian, Bailly, Blind, Fosu-Mensah, Rojo, Smalling; Carrick, Fellaini, Herrera, Mata, Memphis, Pogba, Schneiderlin, Young; Ibrahimovic, Martial, Rashford.


text: Have no HDMI in my house. I can convert HDMI to DVI and run it into monitors, but that leaves me with no digital audio. The RPI is weak enough that I would rather offload the audio rendering to a receiver. What inexpensive and cpu efficient ways have you found to get optical or coax spdif / toslink passthrough?


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Here is a debate that has been brewing for awhile now, What is a Wiki? While there is no a one answer fits all here, one can at least admit that ultimately it is a archive and database. But what does a wiki hold for content? Well, the common answer is a wiki holds articles which forms a encyclopedia. However, as touched on in Sarah Manley's blog: Beyond the Encyclopedia - A Wiki for Everyone, there are wikis that are also about fan fiction and even original content (recipe wikis). Likewise, there are parody wikis which aim to have a good laugh of a franchise or subject. So in many ways anything that is a database can also be a wiki.
The second question of this topic is sometimes even more important than the content itself. Some wiki's claim to be a community type wiki, however to edit there is almost impossible due to high on power admins. Wikia like other wiki farms want open communities for many reasons including to promote healthy active wikis. That being said, some are also a one editor show, and sometimes there are reasons for that too include restrictive edits that discourage activity. So in short, there seem to be three major types: One man edit shows, a group of high editors, or a simple open community. Note, none of the three are wrong per-say if the wiki openly says it somewhere. In some cases, like with a fan fiction wiki it make cents to only really allow people comment to the article instead of edit it.


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Nicobella Sunday Scoop Posted on 15 Nov 19:32 , 0 comments
Happy Sunday! As many of you know our passions spread way beyond chocolate. Of course we LOVE dark chocolate. But a big reason that we love dark chocolate, aside from it's ridiculous yumminess, is its plant-based origin. Being plant-based means it's a better choice for the environment, better choice for animals and better choice for YOU! Here's what we are reading this week in nutrition, the environment, animal welfare and more...
Our Vegan Diet Almost Killed Us! (great story!)
Why You Should Have Turmeric Every Day
Portland Bans New Oil, Coal, And Gas Projects
Animal Welfare
Actor Jesse Eisenberg Explains His Family's ThanksLIVING To Conan
He Grew Up With Dogs And Doesn't Know Any Different
The Dutch Ban Fur Farms That Kill 6 Million Mink A Year
Half Of Africa's Lions Will Likely Be Gone In 20 Years
Yoga and Movement
Yoga Is Better Than Caffeine: 5 Yoga Moves For Instant Energy
Plant-Based Recipes
Matcha Cucumber Smoothie by Peaceful Dumpling


text: Show Hide image Politics 8 November 2010 Only 400 Threshers stores manage to reopen Under a third of Threshers' 1,400 stores reopen as off-licences due to shrinking interest in sector. Sign up for our weekly email * Less than one-third of drink chain Threshers' 1,400 stores have managed to reopen as off-licences a year after the firm went bust. Administrators KPMG returned 1,000 of the First Quench stores to landlords as only 400 were sold owing to the shrinking interest in the off-licence sector which has taken a beating from supermarkets. Richard Fleming, the UK head of restructuring at KPMG, admitted that the standalone off-licence trade model was in decline. The stores were now being operated only by individuals or regional businesses. First Quench Retailing (FQR), which owned the Threshers, Wine Rack, Victoria Wine, Bottoms Up and Haddows fascia, went bust last year and 6,300 jobs were lost. FQR still owes huge amounts of money to unsecured creditors. Diageo lost a total of £41m when it collapsed. SEP Properties, based in West Midlands, bought the Threshers, Bottoms Up, The Local and Victoria Wine brands. Some of the Wine Rack stores are still trading on high streets in the South East. Subscribe from just £1 per issue More


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What is JotForm?
JotForm is a free online form builder which helps you create online forms without writing a single line of code. No sign-up required.
At JotForm, we want to make sure that you're getting the online form builder help that you need. Our friendly customer support team is available 24/7.
We believe that if one user has a question, there could be more users who may have the same question. This is why many of our support forum threads are public and available to be searched and viewed. If you'd like help immediately, feel free to search for a similar question, or submit your question or concern.
How can I send private data to MS Access automatically?Asked by aaronjcody on July 19, 2016 at 12:17 PM
I am trying to create a form that automatically (but securely) sends the submissions to an access database.
How do you recommend sending this data to MS Access while keeping it secure rather than publishing to the web?
To my understanding it seems to me that you wish to send your form submission data to your external ms access database.
If your database supports mysql and php you could export it there as mentioned in this guide here: https://www.jotform.com/help/126-How-to-send-Submissions-to-Your-MySQL-Database-Using-PHP
Alternatively, it is also possible to send data there using a webhook:
Another option would be to export your data and manually reimport it into your end:
Lastly, we also have ftp capabilities:
Which of these options would provide the most security when transferring private information between JotForm and Access?
JotForm Support
All of the methods are secure. Webhooks and using PHP both support SSL and are very secure. Exporting your data manually to Excel format and importing it manually to your database would give you complete control over the transfer.


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Related quotes
"What can be said in New Year rhymes,
That's not been said a thousand times?
The new years come, the old years go,
We know we dream, we dream we know.
We rise up laughing with the light,
We lie down weeping with the night.
We hug the world until it stings,
We curse it then and sigh for wings.
We live, we love, we woo, we wed,
We wreathe our prides, we sheet our dead.
We laugh, we weep, we hope, we fear,
And that's the burden of a year."
"This is easily perceived as the fourth 20-year-plus anchor stepping aside, and that's not the case, ... A number of people said once Ted goes, there goes 'Nightline.' "
"Once the Fed signals its intentions or investors perceive that the end is near, stocks might rise strongly."


text:
Obviously, you didn't buy your Cutlass Tiara unless you wanted to buy strength and American style both rolled up into one vehicle. When your Oldsmobile Cutlass Tiara left the factory, it was destined for a person with discerning taste who prioritizes long-lasting quality in their automobile. Auto enthusiasts know that good looks is built into each Oldsmobile, and know that only top quality replacement Cutlass Tiara parts will suffice when repairs are needed. It's not every day that you find yourself in need of a replacement Water Pump to fix your automobile.
Your Oldsmobile Cutlass Tiara uses liquid coolant to maintain a constant temperature in the engine, and if there were a heart in that motor it would be the water pump. It turns along with the crankshaft via a belt that connects pulleys on each part. Along with the thermostat, coolant hoses, and radiator core, your Oldsmobile Cutlass Tiara water pump reliably injects and spreads the water and ethylene glycol mixture through the engine; keeping operating temperatures down below the boiling point. If it fails, then coolant will boil and your engine will be ruined.
Given all the trouble that can be involved with installing a part to fix your car or truck, let www.carpartsdiscount.com be the first place you go to make purchasing it easy. Don't let a Water Pump repair bring about the demise of your car, truck, or SUV, and don't risk lowering its resale value by installing anything but the highest quality repair parts. Buying new Oldsmobile parts from www.carpartsdiscount.com means you are taking advantage of the absolute greatest original and aftermarket replacement Cutlass Tiara parts on the internet. If your car or truck was built in 1976, then you will find the correct Oldsmobile Cutlass Tiara Water Pump parts right here.


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Dragon Oil plc publishes a quarterly update on the drilling activity in the Cheleken Contract Area, Turkmenistan, and its exploration assets in the third quarter of 2014 and production numbers for 3Q 2014.
In 3Q 2014, Dragon Oil completed the following wells in the Dzheitune (Lam) and Dzhygalybeg (Zhdanov) fields in the Cheleken Contract Area:
The development well Dzheitune (Lam) 22/188 was drilled to a depth of 3,276 metres but due to equipment failure has been temporarily suspended and is scheduled for sidetracking later this year.
The current status of the drilling rigs in the Cheleken Contract Area is as follows:
◾ Land Rig 1 is currently drilling the Dzheitune (Lam) 22/194 well;
◾ The Elima jack-up rig is drilling the Dzheitune (Lam) 28/196 well;
◾ The Neptune rig is drilling the Dzheitune (Lam) C/195 well;
◾ Land Rig 2 is drilling the Dzhygalybeg (Zhdanov) A/102 well;
◾ The Caspian Driller is in Turkmenistan waters awaiting further clearances and commissioning before the start of operations.
Dragon Oil Plc
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Schlumberger has announced an agreement to acquire a majority (51%) equity interest in Eurasia Drilling Company Limited.
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text:
Delirium Corp
A variety of ramblings on a variety of subjects
29 Aug 2016 // On the subject of
On the subject of divine lupines
Oh boy, it's been a while since I've written something here. This summer was quite eventful at work, and then I also had to take some vacation time during which I watched Summer Games Done Quick and then went away in the woods, so I kinda left my blog behind. And anyway, I didn't find anything interesting to talk about, and the few things that happened in the gaming world had already been covered in greater and better detail that I ever could, so.
I had started ordering parts for a new PC, which I'm now writing this article on. While that was going on, my then-current PC's graphic card messed up, and my procrastinating reflexes slowed the whole process. Anyway, long story short, I barely played on a PC during the summer. Instead I dusted off my various consoles and played on that.» Read more / comment...
17 Jun 2016 // Quick shots
Quick shot: the next Zelda
The news have dropped: the next Zelda is going to be subtitled Breath of the Wild, which is one word away from a Diablo 2 runeword. Before that reveal, all we knew was that it was going to be a Zelda game, for both the Wii U and the NX, and that it was going to be released in 2017.
And then they released the trailer, and also streamed people playing the game for hours. And all of that managed to restart my little hype muscle, which up to this point had been all dried out. And why, do you ask? Well, let me ramble a bit.» Read more / comment...
25 Apr 2016 // On the subject of
On the subject of mustachioed role playing
Back when I was a kid, the only computer our family had was a Mac, first an old Performa 5200 and then an iMac G4. So, my first forays into gaming were done on consoles.
First there was the NES that my older half-brother had left behind when he had moved out of the house. And then the SNES that my brother had received as a birthday gift in a bundle that also included Donkey Kong Country. And then another bundle for my brother, this time Mario Kart 64 with the appropriate device for running it. And then we both scraped all our spare change and got a GameCube, in a bundle with Super Mario Sunshine. Come to think of it, there were a lot of bundles in my childhood.
During my studies at the University of Sherbrooke, I used a MabBook Pro as my main work computer, so, again, I was still mostly gaming on a console, this time a PS3 because I sure as hell wasn't gonna be touching a Wii with a 10 foot pole. When I finished my studies, got a job and finally got really financially independent, I got my hands on an actual PC, and I've been doing most of my gaming on then since. I got a Wii U some months ago, but as it stands it's still mostly a Netflix machine, at least until the next Zelda comes out.
As far as mobile gaming goes, I have a 3DS gathering dust somewhere, and my smartphone is mostly used for texting and the occasional browse of Facebook and Twitter. Really, I'm not much of a mobile user. I prefer to sit still when it comes to that.» Read more / comment...
28 Mar 2016 // On the subject of
On the subject of diabolical creep
Recently, Blizzard announced a small patch for Diablo 3. What's in it, you ask? Well, a few balance changes. Most notably, they've buffed a lot of legendary gems. Now, if you don't know much about D3, it's fine, you don't don't even need to have played the game for this. All you need to know is that it's a game about bashing loot piñatas. What I found interesting wasn't the changes themselves. Well, it was the changes, but not on the individual gems. What I found particularly interesting was that they were all buffs. You see, their rationale was that some gems were clearly better than others, so they decided to make every single other gem at least as good. When everything is good, things are balanced, right?
It's not really a bad way to design, but it does raises issues of creep. And it made me think about Diablo 3 as a whole, and how creep has been their modus operandi since they reworked it after the fiasco that was the launch. In fact, the whole process of just endlessly raising everything has been with them well before that. But let's break things down bit by bit.» Read more / comment...
30 Jan 2016 // Quick shots
Quick shot: DemoNight 2016
Every year, near the end of January, the Montreal chapter of the International Game Developer Association, the biggest non-profit working on behalf of game developers worlwide, makes a little event called the DemoNight. During that time, indie and not so indie game developers get to show off their current work. The only rule: your game must not have been released already in a finished state, although early access titles are fair game. Your game also needs to be interesting. Oh, and being well connected in the Montreal indie scene should help quite a bit. And it's a five minute real time demo: no trailers or pre-baked marketing bullshit is allowed.» Read more / comment...


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Fine Young Cannibals – The Raw & The Cooked
|She Drives Me Crazy
|Good Thing
|I'm Not The Man I Used To Be
|I'm Not Satisfied
|Tell Me What
|Don't Look Back
|It's Ok (It's Alright)
|Don't Let It Get You Down
|As Hard As It Is
|Ever Fallen In Love
Versions (81)
Reviews Show All 2 Reviews
updj1October 25, 2016
referencing The Raw & The Cooked, CD, Album, RE + CD, Comp + Dlx, EDSK 7022
Good collection with added remixes but always wondered if licensing prevented the Justin Strauss Mix of She Drives Me Crazy from appearing on any CD commercially? Even harder to find are the US 12'' promo only mixes of She Drives Me Crazy by Louil Silas Jr. that include the Monie Love rap.
ReverendMoraxSeptember 15, 2013
referencing The Raw & The Cooked, LP, Album, 828 069. 1
My copy has PACLZ 4177 on label not PACLZ 4176. Barcode and stamped runout as above. I assume it is just a variation on this issue.
Master Release
Edit Master Release
Data Correct
Data Correct


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Kells Irish Restaurant and Pub
Just about any place you find on TravelOregon.com can be added to your own Oregon Roadtrippers Account. Find out how.
Get on the road with Roadtrippers
We've partnered with Roadtrippers to provide a great way to plan a trip around Oregon. So start planning your next road trip to here, there or pretty much anywhere in Oregon.
Offering the Northwest's largest selection of single malt Scotch and Irish whiskies, plus a wide selection of microbrew and imported beers on tap. Enjoy outstanding New World Irish cuisine in the comfort of an intimate booth. Live Irish music 7 nights a week.
What's around here? Location & Nearby Things to See & Do
These maps and directions are for planning purposes only. You may find that construction projects, traffic, or other events may cause road conditions to differ from the map results. For travel options, weather and road conditions, visit tripcheck.com, call 511 (in Oregon only), 800.977.6368 or 503.588.2941.
Is any of the information on this page incorrect?
A related Trip Idea
7 Ways to Taste Oregon Fruit
Summertime in Oregon is all about the fruit much more than the plump, juicy berries we find at U-pick stands and farmers markets in nearly every corner of the state. We're talking fruit beer, fruit cider, fruit-based distilled spirits and…


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The Walk 2015 1080p BluRay x264 DTS-JYK
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- English, French, Spanish, Korean, Portugese
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(Problems with magnets links are fixed by upgrading your torrent client!)
http://i.imgur.com/NucH4wS.jpg Storyline Twelve people have walked on the moon, but only one man - Philippe Petit (Joseph Gordon-Levitt) - has ever, or will ever, walk in the immense void between the World Trade Center towers. Guided by his real-life mentor, Papa Rudy (Ben Kingsley), and aided by an unlikely band of international recruits, Petit and his gang overcome long odds, betrayals, dissension and countless close calls to conceive and execute their mad plan. Robert Zemeckis, the director of such marvels as Forrest Gump, Cast Away, Back to the Future, Polar Express and Flight, again uses cutting edge technology in the service of an emotional, character-driven story. With innovative photorealistic techniques and IMAX 3D wizardry, The Walk is true big-screen cinema, a chance for moviegoers to viscerally experience the feeling of reaching the clouds. The film, a PG-rated, all-audience entertainment for moviegoers 8 to 80, unlike anything audiences have seen before, is a love letter to Paris and New York City in the 1970s, General Format.......: Matroska File Size....: 3.10 GiB Duration.....: 2h 3mn Bitrate......: 3 606 Kbps Source.......: BluRay Encoder".......JYK http://www.imdb.com/title/tt3488710/ Video Video Format......: AVC Video Codec.......: x264 core 148 r2638 7599210 Bitrate...........: 2 850 Kbps Frame Rate........: 23.976 fps Width.............: 1 920 pixels Height............: 800 pixels aspect ratio......: 2.40:1 Audio Format..........: DTS Bitrate.........: 755 Kbps Channels........: 6 channels Sampling Rate...: 48.0 KHz Language........: English Subtitles Codec...................... Language srt ....................... English srt ....................... English(SDH) srt ....................... French srt ....................... Spanish srt ....................... Portuguese srt ....................... Indonesian srt ....................... Korean http://i.imgur.com/RAbPe1I.jpg http://i.imgur.com/ivgxQ1m.jpg http://i.imgur.com/1qqg8pb.jpg http://i.imgur.com/J5rs9Uv.jpg http://i.imgur.com/8Wv6iXM.jpg http://i.imgur.com/5pfGORN.jpg


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ric geography all stars
Geography is one of the strongest departments at RIC both in terms of academic and extra curricular provision. The department is now celebrating a Secondary Geography Quality Mark from The Geographical Association.
The SGQM award process encourages and supports schools to reflect on their work and strive for the highest quality in their teaching. All the award winners undergo a rigorous moderation process, and the team of assessors were hugely impressed by the manner in which all are continuing to embrace new and innovative approaches to teaching geography. The SGQM, now into its fifth year, recognises student attainment, progress and achievement in areas such as geographical knowledge, understanding, values, skills and concepts, and sets expectations about the quality of teaching in geography. It aims to promote effective subject leadership and management, helping subject leaders raise the standards of geography in their schools.
Writing to RIC the Geographical Association said: "You showed that you not only provide a quality experience at KS3, but also at GCSE and A-level. " They were particularly impressed by "the range of fieldwork activities which stimulated and engaged students in geography."
The Geography department under long serving Head of Department Richard Blood has grown in recent years. Students are often inspired to to study the subject at university during their time at the College. Much of the work done towards securing the SGQM was overseen by Rose-Marie Turner who joined RIC in September 2011. In September 2013 Richard and Rose-Marie were joined in the department by Nadine Whaymand. The department offers A level World Development as an extra social science A level. World Development takes an interdisciplinary approach to issues related to social and economic development in a globabalised world, covering topics such as climate change, aid and debt, migration, gender relations and political development. The first three students to take the full A level in 2013 were all awarded grade As.
As well as offering Geography from the age of 11 in the Lower School right up to GCSE and A level the department also organises RIC's growing Duke of Edinburgh Award Scheme and runs a variety of on site environmental projects in the campus gardens.
The D of E award is a long term commitment for our students and the teachers involved; they dedicate a lot of their own time to complete their various tasks and projects.
Over six years we have seen the numbers of RIC students participating in the scheme flourish. It's particularly pleasing to see students who started with their Bronze award at the College now working on their Gold. Students attend the annual awards ceremony at Rochester Cathedral to collect their certificates along with hundreds of other students from Medway schools and local dignitaries.
The service section of the D of E award encourages students to make a contribution to the wider environment and community, and over the past few years students have completed many environmental projects in the college gardens, which are recognised as a site of excellence by the Kent Wildlife Trust. The gardens won a Gold Award in 2013.
Students have made bat and bird boxes to encourage biodiversity; completed research projects and delivered presentations to raise awareness of environmental issues among their peers; and have been involved in national projects such as the Opal Air Survey, which they have completed during half terms and on expeditions. A large-scale 'outdoor classroom' project has involved investment and partnership with Kent Wildlife Trust, and given students the opportunity to work with adults from external agencies and establish a project that will encourage wildlife, have long-term conservation value, and benefit current and future students at the College.


text: URMC / Research / Research@URMC UR, Cornell Team Up to Study Inflammation Researchers from the University of Rochester are teaming up with scientists from the College of Veterinary Medicine at Cornell University to study Inflammation, which plays a role in nine of the top 10 causes of death worldwide. 11/20/2014 It takes two to tango in HIV-associated brain damage HIV-associated brain damage occurs extensively, even in patients who are taking otherwise effective traditional anti-HIV therapy. This is a result of potent cooperation between two types of special immunological cells within the brain called monocytes and platelets. A recent paper published by University researchers in the Journal of Immunology demonstrates the presence of these platelet-monocyte 'teams' in HIV infected individuals and how these teams lead to increased neuronal damage. 6/3/2014 Destination Infection: How Immune Cells Move Through the Body In a recent study in Nature Immunology, Deborah Fowell, Ph.D., associate professor of Microbiology and Immunology, mapped how immune cells travel to sites of injury or infection. She says the findings could help with the development of treatments that stop, slow down or speed up the immune response. Check out this video of Fowell for more details on her work. 8/21/2013 Origins of Esophageal Cancer: Inflammation in the Gut Esophageal cancer is associated with GERD (gastrointestinal reflux disease), obesity, alcohol, and tobacco abuse. But the long march toward malignancy starts 10 to 20 years earlier when the cells, genes, and signaling pathways in the foregut begin a nefarious cooperative dance. 6/5/2013