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Pool & Spa Guide. A practical guide to water chemistry featuring the products that help you care for your pool, spa or hot tub.
- Oswald Ray
- 1 years ago
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1 Pool & Spa Guide A practical guide to water chemistry featuring the products that help you care for your pool, spa or hot tub.
2 Table of Contents Page 2: Welcome Page 3: Safety 101 Page 4: Water 101 Page 7: Page 9: Balance Adjust Page 11: Sanitize Page 15: Algaecide Page 17: Maintain Page 21: Cleanse Page 23: Salt Program Page 25: Troubleshoot
3 Welcome We are Phoenix Products. For those of you who know us and use our products, we would like to take a minute to say - Thank You. For those who are new customers - Welcome. It s been said we are a little obsessive about chemicals. Well, it is what we specialize in. It s been 25 years of trial and error to perfect the best chemistry. It s been never compromising quality. It s been constantly looking for the next pool chemical innovation. It s been a willingness to share the knowledge we ve gained through experience with our customers to help their customers. Now, with that said, let s just say that s an obsession we re proud to have. Let us offer you the best of who we are - pool and spa chemicals. We know your pool and spa are a big part of your life. They are your personal retreats, your backyard entertainment centers with water. We developed this guide to be as informative as possible. It showcases our quality pool and spa care lines which offer you everything you need to make it easy to keep your pool and spa at their best, because your private sanctuary shouldn t be a confusing chore to maintain. Page 2
4 Safety 101 Nothing Replaces Parental Supervision S NEVER SWIM ALONE. NEVER LEAVE A CHILD ALONE NEAR WATER. LEARN CPR. S Set and enforce strict pool rules such as: no running, no diving, etc. Post a list of rules near the pool area. S Keep a pole and ring buoy with rope by the pool at all times. Know how to use each effectively, and make sure to replace these items in the same location each time you use them. S Always have a first-aid kit handy. S Keep a cordless phone and a list of important phone numbers nearby in case of emergencies. Also, list the address of the pool residence, should someone other than the homeowner need to make the emergency phone call. S Use multiple layers of protection to prevent drowning, such as a fence around the pool with a selflatching, self-closing gate, as well as a pool alarm. S Enroll children over age three in swimming lessons taught by qualified instructors. In addition to water safety related to swimming pools, be aware of other drowning dangers, especially for children, in and around your home. These include bathtubs, decorative ponds, and even mop buckets. It only takes 2 inches of water for a small child to drown. Chemical Safety When using any chemical products, read labels carefully and follow directions precisely. Chemicals protect you when they are used correctly in your pool or spa but may be hazardous if mixed or spilled. Please observe the following guidelines: 1) A responsible person should handle pool chemicals. Keep out of reach of children. 2) For products requiring measuring, use a clean, dry, plastic scoop (or scoop provided in container). Do not interchange scoop or place wet scoop in container of chlorinating product. 3) Use exact quantities specified, not more. Chemicals need to circulate for hours before retesting. 4) Never mix chemicals together. Add products separately and slowly. 5) Never add water to chemicals. Add chemicals to water. 6) Handle all chemicals, liquid or dry, with care. Store products in a cool, dry, well ventilated place. 7) Always keep chemical containers closed when not in use. Replace cap on proper container. 8) Don t inhale fumes or let chemicals come into contact with eyes, nose or mouth. 9) In case of contact or if chemical is swallowed, follow emergency advice on product label or call doctor or local Poison Control Center. 10) Don t allow chemicals to stand on concrete or wood decks. Clean up any spillage carefully and dispose of in a safe manner - we recommend washing into pool. 11) Don t smoke around chemicals. 12) Many chemicals such as chlorinating products are corrosive and should not be stored near metal products like bicycles, lawn mowers, cars, etc. Page 3
5 Water 101 Know Your Water Chemistry So where to begin? Your water s chemistry is the perfect place to start so you know what you are working with when it comes to your pool or spa. In order to have properly balanced and sanitized water, it is necessary to test for different chemical parameters to verify that proper ranges are maintained. It s always a good idea to have your water tested professionally, but monitoring your water chemistry with at-home tests are a good idea too as long as appropriate test procedures are followed to help to you obtain accurate results. No matter which method of sanitization you use, you need to test your pool s water 2-3 times a week and your spa or hot tub s water 3-4 times per week in order to keep it properly balanced. During heavy usage and summer months, you can perform a daily test. And anytime you notice a change in water quality, get your test kit out and check the water quality. Proper Testing Procedures Test Kits Using Reagents: 1) Representative water samples: Water samples should be taken at least 18 below the water surface and away from the return line. Insert a clean plastic bottle, bottom-side up, to the required depth and turn the bottle top side up to get a sample of water for testing. 2) Proper sample volume: To get accurate measurements, make sure the sample size is correct. All water samples will display a curvature at the surface of the water in the test cell. Always fill the cell so that the low point rests on the fill mark. Have the fill mark line at eye level when filling the sample container. 3) Match your colors: Matching colors in colorimetric determinations is done by holding the comparator up to northern light. 4) Swirl... swirl... swirl: Proper results depend on either color comparisons or detection of a color change (endpoint). For this to happen, reagents must be thoroughly mixed in the water sample. 5) Correct drop size: When adding any reagent drop-wise to a water sample, hold the dropper bottle vertically (straight up and down). Holding the bottle at an angle while adding reagent may distort the drop size and lead to inaccurate results. 6) Prepare for the next test: After testing, flush out sample cells with tap or fresh sample water to avoid any residue from interfering or contaminating the next test. 7) Always follow manufacturer s instructions. Test Strips: Pool and spa owners are always looking for something quick and easy and test strips are just that, they provide a reliable result in an instant. 1) For Spas and Hot Tubs: turn off spa jets prior to testing. 2) Immerse strip and swirl 3 times in a one foot circle. 3) Raise strip from water face up and keep level to avoid reactant on strip pads from running. Do not shake off excess water. 4) Compare results beginning with the end pad. Starting with the Free Chlorine or Bromine and end with the Total Hardness pad. This order allows for the correct reaction time for the different pads. Page 4
6 Water 101 Recommended Levels for Pools Minimum Ideal Maximum Free Chlorine (ppm) Bromine (ppm) ph Total Alkalinity (ppm as CaCO 3 ) * 180** *Maximum for gunite pools **Maximum for vinyl pools Calcium Hardness (ppm as CaCO 3 ) Cyanuric Acid (ppm) TDS (ppm) ORP mV Ozone (low output generator) *** Ozone (above pool level) Recommended Levels for Spas and Hot Tubs Minimum Ideal Maximum Free Chlorine (ppm) Bromine (ppm) ph Total Alkalinity (ppm as CaCO 3 ) Calcium Hardness (ppm as CaCO 3 ) TDS (ppm) Temperature F Page 5
7 Calculating Your Pool or Spa s Volume It s key to know your pool or spa s volume in gallons as this will help you to determine the amount of treatment chemicals to add. To find out how many gallons of water your pool contains, use the formula that best applies to your pool: First - Calculate the average depth: Deep End Depth + Shallow End Depth = Depth 2 = Average Depth (in feet) Second - Calculate Pool / Spa Volume Rectangular or Square Formula Length x Width x Average Depth x 7.5 = Total Gallons Feet X Feet X Feet X 7.5 = Volume Circular Formula Diameter x Diameter x Average Depth x 5.9 = Total Gallons Feet X Feet X Feet X 5.9 = Volume Oval Formula Long Diameter x Short Diameter x Average Depth x 5.5 = Total Gallons Feet X Feet X Feet X 5.5 = Volume For Pools with Irregular Shapes or Sloping Sides Long Diameter x Short Diameter x Average Depth x 5.5 = Total Gallons x.85 = Adjusted Total Gallons Your Pool Volume is Your Spa Volume is Page 6
8 Balancing Water Water balance is an important part of pool and spa maintenance to prevent damage to equipment and allow the chemical products to work efficiently. Pool and spa water should be tested regularly and adjusted to meet the proper mineral requirements. This balance is constantly changing and everything from weather to oils, to dirt, and cosmetics affect it. Total Alkalinity Total alkalinity is the measure of the ability of water to resist changes in ph... that is... the ability to buffer water from wide ph swings. Total alkalinity helps protect equipment, pool surfaces, maximizes sanitizer efficiency and makes the water more comfortable. Low total alkalinity may be caused by make-up water or other chemicals used to maintain the pool. Low alkalinity makes it hard to control the ph which could lead to corrosive water and damage equipment. High alkalinity can cause cloudy water and water that is difficult to manage. Phoenix Buffer Plus - Raises total alkalinity in pool water. Fast acting formula requires no mixing and helps to protect ph from changing. One pound of Buffer Plus (Sodium Hydrogen Carbonate) in 5,000 gallons of water raises the level 15 ppm. While the pool water is circulating, broadcast this product directly into the deepest end of the pool as required. Calcium Hardness Calcium hardness is the measure of dissolved calcium minerals in the water. Water that has a low level of calcium hardness will tend to be aggressive, causing equipment corrosion and etching in plaster and masonry pools. Water with high levels of calcium hardness typically have cloudy water and mineral deposits called scale. Phoenix Reserve - Raises calcium hardness level in pool water. Our easy-to-use Reserve safely raises calcium hardness levels protecting the pool and equipment as well as helps prevent etching and staining due to low calcium. Maintain a level of 175 ppm in vinyl lined or fiberglass pools and 240 ppm in concrete or plastered (marcite) pools. 10 pounds of Reserve in 10,000 gallons of water raises the level 80 ppm. While the pool water is circulating, broadcast Reserve directly into the deepest end of the pool as required. Phoenix Calcium Reducer - Effectively reduces calcium hardness in pool water. Calcium Reducer is a uniquely formulated blend compatible with all sanitizing systems, restores water clarity and inhibits scale formation. When applied as directed Calcium Reducer will reduce calcium levels to the ideal range of ppm. How to treat: 1 quart per 20,000 gallons will reduce calcium ppm. 1 quart per 30,000 gallons will reduce ppm. Add the recommended dosage of Calcium Reducer by pouring around the pool perimeter. Maintain water circulation for at least 12 hours each day, during the treatment period. Backwash filter as necessary. Allow up to 3 weeks to reach final calcium hardness level. Page 7
9 Phoenix Stabilizer - (Cyanuric Acid) Stabilizer conditions pool water to prevent chlorine loss due to sunlight by maintaining chlorine residual. For pools using unstabilized chlorine sanitizers: If the pool is new or has been drained and refilled with fresh water, add 2 Ibs. per 5,000 gallons. This dosage provides 50 ppm of stabilizer. If water stabilizer has been used previously, use a cyanuric acid test kit to determine the amount of stabilizer present in the water. Then add the proper make-up dosage to reach 50 ppm of stabilizer (6 oz. per 5,000 gallons will increase the stabilizer level by 10 ppm.) For pools using stabilized chlorine sanitizers: If the pool is new or has been drained and refilled with fresh water, add 1 lb. per 5,000 gallons. Periodically test with a cyanuric acid test kit. Proper maintenance of a ppm stabilizer level will increase chlorine efficiency and reduce chlorine usage. For Your Spa or Hot Tub - Odds are you will not be importing pure glacier water to fill your spa with. For those who can; bravo! For the rest of us, the backyard hose will more than suffice, but there are some things to consider before you fill your spa that will help with balancing properly. Try not to use soft water. Bypass your softener if you can. Run water through the hose for a couple of minutes before you place it in the spa, this allows the hose to be flushed free of any contaminants. SerenaSpa Alkalinity - Designed to raise the total alkalinity of your spa or hot tub. A fast acting product designed to maintain proper ph as well as eliminate ph bounce. Maintain total alkalinity within the range of ppm. One ounce of Alkalinity in 400 gallons of water raises the level 10 ppm. While the spa water is circulating; walk around the spa, distributing mixture inside perimeter of spa. Wait 15 minutes and retest the ph. After two hours retest and repeat procedure if necessary. SerenaSpa Liquid Calcium Balancer - Increases water hardness and helps prevent corrosion due to soft water. Liquid Calcium is the convenient way to bring water hardness into the proper range. Low hardness indicates improper water balance and could result in corrosion of equipment and spa surfaces. Shake well. Test water hardness. If calcium level is too low, make sure the pump is running and add 1/2 oz. of Liquid Calcium per 250 gallons of hot tub water. This amount will raise the hardness of your water 7 ppm. Run pump continuously for 30 min. and retest water. If hardness is not in the proper range keep repeating additions of 1/2 oz. and wait 30 min. Test again between each application. Page 8
10 Adjusting ph Once water balance is achieved, the next step is bringing your ph into range. So why is ph important? Measured on a scale that runs from 0 to 14, ph indicates whether the water is acidic, neutral or basic (alkaline). On the scale 7.0 is neutral, a ph below 7.0 is acidic and a ph above 7.0 is basic. The ideal range for pools and spas is slightly on the basic side of the scale at When ph is too low, staining, corrosion, and eye irritation can occur. (Science fact: your eye s ph is 7.5.) When ph is too high scaling, cloudy water, poor chlorine disinfection, and eye irritation can occur. Causes of ph Change Many factors influence the ph of pool water and therefore many different causes of ph change exist. The following are some of the common causes of ph change: Giant Tabs (Trichloro - Sticks/Tablets) - lowers ph ClearBrom Tablets - lowers ph Cloro Pool (Liquid Bleach) - raises ph Super Shock - raises ph ClearChlor Lithium - raises ph Make-up water - can raise or lower ph Fresh plaster - raises ph Swimmers and swimmer waste - lowers ph Phoenix ph Up - Safely and effectively raises ph of pool water. While the pool water is circulating, broadcast this product directly into the deepest end of the pool at a rate of 1 lb. per 10,000 gallons of water. Apply daily as needed until the ph is brought into range. Phoenix ph Down - Safely and effectively lowers ph of pool water. While the pool water is circulating, broadcast this product directly into the deepest end of the pool at a rate of 1 lb. per 10,000 gallons of water. Apply daily as needed until the ph is brought into range. Page 9
11 For Your Spa or Hot Tub - SerenaSpa ph Up - Designed to raise ph & softens spa or hot tub water. Add ph Up at the rate of 1 oz. (2 tbsp) per 500 gallons of water. This dosage will increase the total alkalinity approximately 10 ppm and may be added directly to the spa or hot tub when pump is on high speed. After initial application, allow water to circulate approximately 2 hours. Retest total alkalinity and add second dose of ph Up if required. Continue process until total alkalinity falls in desired range of 80 to 150 ppm. Once proper total alkalinity has been attained, test for a proper ph range of 7.2 to 7.8. If ph needs to be raised, use ph Up at a rate of 1/2 oz. for spas up to 500 gallons. Wait 30 minutes, retest and adjust as necessary. SerenaSpa ph Down - Designed to lower ph of your spa or hot tub water. To lower ph, run the spa on high speed and pre-mix 1/2 oz. (1 tbsp) of ph Down with some spa water. To apply, walk around the spa, distributing mixture inside perimeter of spa. Wait 15 minutes and retest the ph. Repeat steps as necessary to achieve a ph between 7.2 and 7.8. NOTE: Never add more than 4 oz. of ph Down within any 24 hour period. SerenaSpa ph Hold - Specially formulated to lock in the vital ph level of spa water, especially hard water. ph Hold is intended for use in freshly filled spas, but can also be added to existing spa water that is properly balanced. Add 16 oz. (half the bottle) of ph Hold for up to 250 gallons of spa water or the entire contents for up to 500 gallons. Pour directly into spa. Turn on jets and allow water to circulate for 15 minutes. Temporary cloudiness may occur, but the water will clear quickly once ph Hold has completely dissolved. Repeat the application each time you refill your spa with fresh water. It is recommended that you refill every 3 months. NOTE: If local water conditions are extreme or your spa usage is heavy, use ph Up or ph Down to bring the ph into the range of Once you have achieved the desired ph level, then follow the directions above. Once ph Hold is added, it will lock in the ph level. Page 10
12 Sanitizing Water Why Sanitize? Well, first let s start with what exactly is it? Sanitation is the reduction of the level of micro-organisms (living cells so small they can only be observed through a microscope) by significant numbers (usually 99.9% or more) to safe levels as established by state or federal authorities. Okay, now for why this is important to your pool or spa; think of all the things you might do over the course of a day; get dressed (put on deodorant), do your hair (add a little hair spray or gel for hold), head outdoors for a bike ride or jog (sun tan lotion and some serious perspiration), take a quick ride to the store to pick up a few things (the clerk is just getting a cold as he hands you your change) and maybe stop and pump some gas (how many people have touched that pump?) before going home to take a well deserved dip in your pool or spa. Okay now wait... did you take a shower and scrub with disinfectant hand soap before diving in? NO!? Then guess what s now in your pool with you... bather waste. It s a common term for all that stuff you bring in the water with you like deodorant, hair spray, sun tan lotion, perspiration, body oils, bacteria and viruses. Now think of all the possible stuff nature brings too - dust, dirt, rain, algae, and fungi. Clearly, you don t want these things in the water with you making you sick or anyone else sick for that matter which is why sanitizing is key. The following covers different methods for water sanitation. As with all the topics covered in this guide, if you have any questions or doubt, your dealer will be happy to assist! Chlorine Chemistry The most popular pool and spa sanitizer is chlorine. When we add Cl2 (chlorine) + H2O (water), we get a chemical reaction which produces HOCl (hypochlorous acid). The hypochlorous acid molecules work to disinfect your water killing micro-organisms and bacteria. These molecules also oxidize, meaning they destroy contaminants and waste. The whole process of removing organics and micro-organisms consumes the chlorine in your water. This consumption is called the chlorine demand. Have you ever had that obnoxious chlorine smell assail you the moment you get near a pool or spa? Was your first thought, there s too much chlorine in the water! Then, once in, your eyes turn a scary shade of red? Hard to believe, but these issues are clear indication that there is not enough chlorine to keep up with demand. Ever open up a gallon jug of chlorine bleach and take a whiff? It smells fresh and clean and so does your pool or spa when the chlorine levels are just right. If you do get that strong chlorine smell, a super dose of chlorine may be required to correct the problem which brings us to superchlorination or shocking. Shock treatment adds a larger than normal amount of oxidizing chemicals to pool water. This additional dose destroys organic contaminants and oxidizes ammonia and nitrogen compounds to rid the area of irritating chloramine odor and to sanitize the water. Shocking should be done about once a week with the pump and filter operating, but after sundown to avoid the loss of chlorine to the sun s ultraviolet rays and to allow sufficient time for chlorine levels to return to normal before swimming again. Phoenix Giant Tabs - (3 Stabilized Chlorinating Tablets) These tablets are manufactured with the most concentrated form of dry chlorine available today. They are slow dissolving to allow you to reliably dose your pool once a week. These tablets contain cyanuric acid - a stabilizer that prevents ultraviolet light from removing the available chlorine from the pool. These tablets allow you to easily maintain proper chlorine residuals and help you to effortlessly produce beautiful, clean sparkling water. For use in chlorinators and automatic feeders. Page 11
13 Phoenix Dichloro Granular - Dissolve this product in a clean plastic bucket stirring with a clean plastic or wooden spoon. Add this product to water, NEVER add water to this product. Maintenance Dose: Add 4 ounces per 10,000 gallons as an initial treatment. Repeat until a residual of 1-3 ppm chlorine is established. For superchlorination, use 1 pound per 10,000 gallons. To prevent damage to pool surface, use a pool brush to disperse any granules that have settled to the bottom of your pool. Keep filter system running for at least 12 hours after treatment. Frequency of treatment is dependent on ambient temperatures, light intensity, and bather load. Do not reenter pool until chlorine level has dropped to ppm. Phoenix Clearchlor Lithium - (Lithium Hypochlorite) The ultimate water sanitizer! Sparkling water, simply and easily. After filling or at the start of each season, initially, two (8 oz.) cups of Clearchlor per 5,000 gallons of pool water is added to develop the proper chlorine level of 1-2 ppm. To prevent chlorine decomposition and provide a balanced, economical pool sanitation program, add Stabilizer. The available chlorine content of the swimming pool should be maintained between ppm. Under normal conditions, this can be maintained by adding daily 2.7 oz. (1/3 cup) of Clearchlor for each 5,000 gallons of pool water. Severe conditions such as high temperatures or excessive use will require a higher daily dosage. The pool water should be superchlorinated once a week - five times the normal addition, or a minimum of one cup (8 oz.) per 50,000 gallons of pool water should be added in the evening when the pool is not in use for a minimum of 12 hours. If the chlorine residual is above 2 ppm, usage of the pool should not be permitted until it is decreased. Cloro Pool Shock - (Sodium Hypochlorite) For a new pool or spring start-up, superchlorinate with 52 to 104 oz. of this product for each 10,000 gallons of water to yield 5 to 10 ppm available chlorine. To maintain the pool, add manually or by a feeder device 11 oz. of this product for each 10,000 gallons of water to yield an available chlorine residual of between 0.6 to 1.0 ppm. Stabilized pools should maintain a residual of between 1.0 to 1.5 ppm available chlorine. Frequency of water treatment will depend upon temperature and number of swimmers. Every seven days, or as necessary, superchlorinate the pool with 52 to 104 oz. of this product for each 10,000 gallons of water to yield 5 to 10 ppm available chlorine by weight. Do not re-enter the pool until the chlorine residual is between 1.0 and 3.0 ppm. Phoenix Super Shok - (Calcium Hypochlorite) For a new pool or spring start-up, superchlorinate with 10 to 20 oz. of Super Shok for each 10,000 gallons of water to yield 5 to 10 ppm available chlorine. To maintain the pool, add manually or by feeder 2 oz. of Super Shok for each 10,000 gallons of water to yield an available chlorine residual between 0.6 to 1.0 ppm. Stabilized pools should maintain a residual of 1.0 to 1.5 ppm available chlorine. SerenaSpa Granular Chlorine - Effective spa and hot tub sanitizer. For maintenance doses: With pump on, add 1/2 teaspoon of this product per 100 gallons of water (or 5 teaspoons per 1,000 gallons) as an initial treatment. Repeat at 15 to 20 minute intervals until a residual of 3 to 5 ppm of available chlorine is established. For superchlorination: Use one teaspoon of this product per 100 gallons of water (or 1/4 cup per 1,000 gallons). Superchlorination may be needed on a nightly basis in a heavily used spa or as infrequently as once a week in a moderately used spa. Frequency of treatment is dependent on ambient temperatures, light intensity, water replacement and bather load. Reentry is prohibited above levels of 3 ppm chlorine due to risk of bodily injury. Page 12
14 Sanitizing Water Bromine Chemistry Bromine is a powerful and effective sanitizer. Use it as an alternative to chlorine, especially in spas, hot tubs and indoor pools. The use of bromine is significantly different from chlorine and the methodology to use this sanitizer also differs. The difference between chlorine and bromine is that once chlorine combines with bacteria or harmful organics to kill them, most of the chlorine is used up. When bromine combines with bacteria in water, the bromine is still active but combined with the bacteria and organic matter to neutralize these harmful contaminants. When shocking bromine treated water; the shock treatment only burns off the harmful contaminants, and leaves a good portion of the bromine behind which is available to sanitize the water again. Phoenix ClearBrom - (Brominating Mini Tabs) Slow dissolving bromine tablets for pools. A bromine residual of 1-2 ppm must be first established in the pool. If the residual is established with this product in a brominator, use at the highest feed rate following manufacturer s recommendations. When the bromine residual reaches 1-2 ppm, adjust the feeder accordingly. To maintain bromine residual, adjust the brominator feed rate to assure a constant treatment level of 1-3 ppm in residential pools and 3-5 ppm in commercial pools. SerenaSpa Brominating Tabs - Fill spa bromine feeder with tabs and adjust feeder following manufacturer s directions to yield bromine residual between 2-4 ppm in residential spas and 4-6 ppm in commercial spas. Check feeder regularly and add additional tabs as needed to maintain the bromine residual. SerenaSpa Bromide Liquid Salts - A solution of bromide that is part of a two product system for disinfection. Must be used with Oxy Clean to produce bromine sanitizer. Bromide Liquid Salts has no disinfectant qualities and it is only when Oxy Clean is added that bromide is released into the water. Add 4 oz. to 250 gallons directly into the spa/hot tub. Circulate the water while adding to assure rapid and thorough distribution. Weekly, thereafter, add 1oz. to 250 gallons to maintain a sufficient bank of bromide in the water. Heavy usage, or the length of time the spa/hot tub is in use may result in depletion of bromide and require additional dosages of Oxy Clean and/or Bromide Liquid Salts to maintain the desired bromine residual. SerenaSpa Pure Brom Flakes - An effective disinfectant for your spa or hot tub water, keeping it clean, clear, fresh and free of odor. Place Pure Brom Flakes in suitable feeder. Adjust the feeder according to the manufacturers directions to maintain a bromine level between 2-4 ppm in residential spas and 3-6 ppm in commercial spas. Check your feeder regularly and add additional product as needed. Maintenance of residual is dependent on water temperature, light intensity and bather load. Page 13
15 Non-Chlorine Based Shock Oxy Clean (Potassium Peroxymonosulfate) is an alternative to chlorine-based shocking, particularly in situations where bathers may have allergic reactions to chlorine. Phoenix Oxy-Clean Contains no chlorine will not produce chloramines or generate chlorine odors. Will not damage vinyl liners. Completely soluble in water dissolves quickly at normal pool temperatures. Permits same-day shock and swim. By-products are harmless sulfate salts. Light/Medium Pool Use: 1 lb. Oxy-Clean per 10,000 gallons of pool water every two weeks. Heavy Pool Use: Use 1 lb. Oxy-Clean per 10,000 gallons every week. Add by broadcasting evenly around the pool perimeter with filter pump in use. NOTE: Oxy-Clean is used only as a shock treatment and it will not replace the need for regular use of a pool sanitizer such as chlorine or bromine. SerenaSpa Oxy Clean Oxy Clean is a non-chlorine buffered oxidizer. This product is stable at all hot tub temperatures. It is compatible with most chemicals that are normally used to treat hot tub water. Add 1 oz. of Oxy Clean after each use of your hot tub. Weekly Use (Maintenance): Once a week or whenever the water becomes cloudy, add 3 oz. of Oxy Clean to your hot tub water as a Maintenance dose. Biguanide Chemistry Biguanides (whose chemical name, polyhexamethylene biguanide) were first developed as a pre-surgery antimicrobial scrub. Despite their aggressive desire to kill germs, biguanides are gentle on the skin and eyes. In fact, biguanides are used in some contact lens cleaning solutions. And because they reduce the surface tension of water, biguanide-treated water feels silky smooth. Compared with chlorine or bromine, biguanides are less susceptible to UV rays, and they are more stable (which means that their sanitizing power lasts longer). Use test strips or a liquid reagent specifically designed for monitoring biguanide levels to measure the amount of sanitizer in the water. Phoenix Biguanide Biquanide Sanitizer is a powerful cationic polymeric sanitizer which enables you to sanitize your pool without chlorine or bromine. Not compatible with chlorine or bromine based products, can be used safely with Baquacil and SoftSwim non-chlorine sanitizers. Freshly Filled and Dechlorinated Pools: Add 1/2 gallon of this product to 10,000 gallons of pool water to achieve a concentration of 50 ppm. Maintenance dose: Every week check concentration and ph. Maintain concentration at about 50 ppm. Add at the rate of 1 pint (16 oz.) per 10,000 gallons of water to raise the concentration 10 ppm. The level should not drop below 30 ppm. Note: this product and chlorine are incompatible. Do not use in freestanding spas/hot tubs. Do not use in unpainted plaster pools previously exposed to metals which may cause staining. Phoenix Biquanide Sanitizer is not compatible with many detergents and some supplemental algaecides (such as copper based). Page 14
16 Treating Algae Algae Formation Algae are single-cell plants containing chlorophyll and are one of the hardiest and most widespread living organisms on this planet, existing in over 30,000 different varieties. Algae require warm water, sunlight, and carbon dioxide to grow and guess what?! Pool and spa water has the potential of providing just such an environment. When conditions are right, an algae bloom can occur seemingly overnight so instead of dealing with algae after the fact; which requires work and effort (and money!) to rid the water completely of algae, it is better to use preventative chemicals and keep algae at bay. There are three main categories of algae: 1) Green Algae usually floating algae, but sometimes clings to walls. Pool water becomes turbid with a green growth that renders the pool uninviting and dangerous to use by making it difficult to see the bottom of the pool (which brings us back to uninviting - who really wants to swim in that anyway!) Before green coloration appears, sides of the pool have a slippery feel, water becomes hazy, and exhibits a high chlorine demand. 2) Mustard (Yellow) Algae appears as a yellow powdery deposit on the pool, usually on the shady side. Once established, it is chlorine-resistant and can exist in the presence of 3-5 ppm Free Chlorine. 3) Black (Blue-Green) Algae evident by the formation of dime to quarter-size black (or blue-green) spots, tenaciously adhering to the pool s surfaces. Black algae forms a layered structure where the first layers, which may be killed by chlorine, protect underlayers from further destruction. Black algae, like mustard algae, is also chlorine-resistant. Phoenix Algae Bomb - For fast treatment of yellow and mustard algae in swimming pools. Algae Bomb clears water quickly and can be used in any type of swimming pool. Swimming may be resumed several hours after treatment. All dosages are for 10,000 gallons of water. Brush walls and floor areas affected by yellow algae accumulations. Apply 4 oz. of Algae Bomb per 10,000 gallons as close to the affected areas as possible. For severe accumulations, double the above dosage. Activate by shocking based on your pool s sanitation type following directions of that product s label. Swimming may be resumed a few hours after treatment. Weekly maintenance: To prevent accumulation of yellow algae: For water temperature over 80 F, add 4 oz. Algae Bomb with 1 gallon liquid chlorine or 1 pound of a dry chlorine once a week. For water temperature under 80 F, add 2 oz. Algae Bomb weekly and ½ gallon liquid chlorine or ½ pound of a dry chlorine. Phoenix Algaecide CU7 - (Copper) Made especially to control growth of algae in all types of swimming pools. Its long lasting action will control existing algae and subsequent doses will control recontamination by algae. Treated water can be used immediately... no waiting. This product comes concentrated. Dilute with at least nine parts of water before applying. Dilution rate for 10,000 gallons of water is 4 oz. for initial treatment and 2 oz. once every two weeks. Pour required amount into a plastic watering can, fill with water and sprinkle around edge of pool. Apply initial treatment to a freshly filled pool or at first visible signs of algae growth. Apply under sunny conditions for most effective results. Page 15
17 Phoenix Poly 60 Algaecide - (Wide Spectrum) Algaecide used to control the growth of algae in swimming pools, exterior spas, whirlpools, hot tubs, and decorative fountains. Also available in Poly 15, 30, and 50. For maximum effectiveness pools, spas, whirlpools, hot tubs, and decorative fountains containing heavy growth of algae should be cleaned prior to using Poly-60 Algaecide. For pools having just visible algae growth add an initial dose of 11 to 17 oz. per 10,000 gallons of water and remove settled algae debris by cleaning. For treatment of a freshly cleaned and filled pool add initially 6 to 11 oz. per 10,000 gallons of water. Subsequent additions of 2 to 4 oz. per 10,000 gallons of water should be made every 5 to 7 days after initial treatment for maintenance. Spas, whirlpools, hot tubs, and decorative fountains having just visible algae growth require an initial dose of 1 to 2 oz. per 1000 gallons of water. For treatment of a freshly cleaned and filled spa, whirlpool, hot tub, or decorative fountain, add initially 0.6 to 1.1 oz. per 1000 gallons of water. Subsequent additions of 0.2 to 0.4 oz. should be made every 5 to 7 days after initial treatment for maintenance. Phoenix Algem Concentrate - Swimming pool algaecide supplement effective against green, black, blue-green, and mustard algae. Keeps water free of algae and slime. Do not allow swimming in pool for at least 15 minutes after this product has been applied. Initial application: Vacuum algae debris to waste and thoroughly brush pool. Add 5.25 oz. of this product to each 10,000 gallons of water, adding directly into pool by pouring around perimeter of pool. Vacuum pool after 24 hours to remove dead algae. If algae is still visible repeat dose as necessary until pool is free of visible algae. Once algae is under control, clean filter. Maintenance dose: Add 1.25 oz. of this product to 10,000 gallons of pool water. Maintenance dose should be added weekly. If high temperatures prevail or pool has unusually heavy use, add maintenance dose more frequently. Phoenix Algem II - Add oz. of this product to 10,000 gallons of pool water. Wait 15 minutes before entering pool. Vacuum pool after 24 hours to remove algae debris. When pool is free of visible algae, use the recommended maintenance dose. Maintenance dose: Add 6.25 oz. of this product to 10,000 gallons of pool water. If make-up water is added at the rate of more than 10% per week of pool capacity, add 2.5 oz. for each 1,000 gallons of fresh make-up water added. Maintenance dose should be added weekly. If high temperatures prevail, pool has unusually heavy use or after a heavy or prolonged rainfall, add maintenance dose more frequently. Phoenix 3 Month Algaecide - Single treatment kills & prevents all types of algae growth for 3 months! Every three months: 16 fl. oz. 3 Month Algaecide per 10,000 gallons pool water will prevent algae growth in all pool types. Severe algae treatment: 32 fl. oz. 3 Month Algaecide per 10,000 gallons pool water. Add 3 Month Algaecide directly to the pool, distributing it over as wide an area as possible. Page 16
18 Maintain Clarity Cloudy, dingy, hazy, murky... No matter what word you use to describe it, when confronted with cloudy pool or spa water, confusion often results because there are several different reasons for water to become cloudy. Cloudy, or turbid water is the result of the presence of suspended solids in the water. The key causes of cloudy water: 1) Filtration/Circulation: If a filter is not properly functioning, cloudy water is your first sign. For pools, check to see if the water flow is restricted by a malfunctioning pump, circulation stoppage, or lack of backwashing the filter. For spas and hot tubs, inspect filter cartridge for tearing and cracking. For both pools and spas, clean filter if necessary. 2) Water Balance/Mineral Levels: If the water is out of balance on the scaling side, suspension of calcium carbonate particles is possible. By balancing pool water, the calcium carbonate will go back into solution and turbidity will clear up. 3) Algae Formation: Pools -Formation of algae which has not yet bloomed, will cause the pool to cloud. This type of turbidity can be distinguished from other causes by noticing the slippery feel on the pool s surface. Shock the pool with 30 ppm chlorine to correct this problem. Spas and Hot Tubs - Outdoor spas and hot tubs can (though rare) encounter algae problems especially if rarely used. 4) Heavy Bather load: A heavy influx of bathers at one time can overload a pool or spa with organics, causing turbidity. An effective preventative measure is a good shock treatment to clear the water and raise normal chlorine levels in anticipation of a heavy bather load. Metal, Metal Everywhere Good water maintenance also includes dealing with metal. Metal? Yup, metal. Not the stuff on your MP3 player or the flashy kind you wear. The kind that causes heartache and misery for pool and spa owners everywhere. Issues with metal and metallic ions can cause staining and scale, can color water, can damage equipment and ruin your pool or spa if not treated or better yet - prevented. So how does metal find it s way into your pool or spa? Through the very water you fill them with, and it doesn t matter if it s well water or tap water. Iron, copper, manganese, cobalt, aluminum and silver can all be present in dissolved form in your fill water. As the metal and metal ions accumulate, the greater the chance that they will eventually come out of solution. Once out of solution, they make the water cloudy or worse, they plate out on the pool s or spa s surfaces and stain. Those same metals can come out of solution when the ph, Total Alkalinity and/or Calcium Hardness are out of level. Also to be aware of is when you shock, whether with chlorine or a non-chlorine oxidizer, the shock oxidizes everything in the water, including metals. Poplar metals and the colors they can produce: Iron - brownish red. Cobalt - red, blue, gray, or black. Copper - blue green. Manganese - pink, red, black or brownish black. Calcium - cloudy. Page 17
19 Phoenix Super Erace - Highly concentrated formula removes metals (iron, copper, manganese), removes metal stains, restores water clarity as well as reduces scale formation on pumps and heaters. Super Erace works by forming a clear insoluble crystal with the metal ions normally found in the pool. These insoluble crystals are then removed by filtration. It is important to keep the filtration system operating for 72 consecutive hours after addition of Super Erace to insure complete removal. Metal removal: Add one quart per 10,000 gallons of pool water with the filtration system operating. Maintain ph level and check often. Backwash the filter at the end of 24 and 72 hours. Cartridge filters should be removed and cleaned as needed. Several cleanings may be required in the first 24 hours. Stain removal: Add two quarts per 10,000 gallons of pool water with the circulating system turned off. Add the product around the perimeter of the pool allowing it to contact the pool wall as it settles into the water. After about one hour, start the system and maintain filtration for 72 hours and backwash the filter as above. Super Erace will remove metal stains from both concrete and vinyl liner pools. Maintenance: Regular use of Super Erace will prevent staining and keep the plumbing in good condition. Add 4 oz. per 1000 gallons of new water added to the pool. Phoenix Super Pool-Pruf - Polymeric clarifier which cures cloudy water removing ultra-fine dirt particles and improves filter efficiency for sparkling pool water. Cloudy water can be caused by bacteria, poor water balance, algae, or fine particles of impurities. Super Pool-Pruf is a very low molecular weight, cationic flocculent that will combine tiny particles of dirt, dead algae and color into masses large enough for the filter to trap. Simple to apply and safe to handle, Super Pool-Pruf works well over a wide ph range and will not affect pool ph as does alum or alkali. Not affected by chlorine or bromine. The dosage of Super Pool-Pruf required depends on the amount of dirt, color, or particles present. Initially add 4 oz. of Super Pool-Pruf for every 20,000 gallons of pool volume. Just mix proper amount with 2-4 gallons of water, then distribute evenly around pool perimeter. Continue filter operation during full treatment period. If after 24 hours noticeable color or turbidity exists, a second treatment is recommended. Under normal conditions and following above recommendations, pool use can be resumed 2 hours after Super Pool-Pruf addition. Periodic treatment will keep pool water sparkling clear. Pool Openings: Use of Super Pool-Pruf will reduce the time required to restore clear water quality. 1 oz. per 2,500 gallons is recommended. Phoenix Erace Highly concentrated, Erace is a great first step when opening your pool. Erace eliminates colored or cloudy pool water and stops the precipitation, scaling, and staining of the most common minerals found in pool water. Add Erace at the rate of 1 quart per 7,500 gallons. A 12-hour waiting period is sufficient for Erace to mix with the pool water before adding chlorine. Page 18
20 Maintain Clarity Phoenix Flock - Coagulant clarifier helps clear cloudy water in swimming pools. When Flock is added to the water it forms gelatin-like particles called flocs which trap small pieces of dirt and impurities and settles them to the bottom of the pool where they may be removed by vacuuming. Directions for settling: Apply 3-4 ounces of Flock per 1,000 gallons by broadcasting it over the surface of the pool as you walk around the edge. Do this with the filter off. Foreign material and Flock should settle to the bottom if the water is allowed to remain undisturbed overnight. After the debris has settled to the bottom remove with pool vacuum, sending water to waste. Do not filter the water from the vacuum during this operation. Directions for use as filter aid for sand filters: Backwash your filter. Using 3 oz. for each square foot of filter area, add Flock very slowly (over a period of 6-8 hrs.) through the intake of the filter or through the automatic surface skimmer. A gelatin-like layer will form over the top surface of the filter material removing many small particles that would other wise pass through the filter and back into the pool. Liquid Floc can be used in place of dry flock. Phoenix 4 in 1 Natural Clarifier - An all natural polymer from crustacean shells proven to be a superior clarifier for swimming pools, spas, fountains, water parks, ponds, aquariums. 4-in-1 Clarifier is environment friendly - will not harm plants, animals or fish. When used weekly, 4-in-1 Clarifier clears cloudy water by coagulating all the tiny particles, oily liquids, and stain-causing metals that build up and deposits them in your filter where thy stay until you flush them out. Any filter will leave a certain amount of material in your water. 4-in-1 Clarifier allows your filter to trap these impurities and hold them without clogging. The molecular structure of our biopolymer keeps it and the impurities it holds in the filter media, and not in the spaces that your water passes through. So, your filter can actually run longer between cleanings. Clean or backwash your filter if applying initial dose. Add desired dose, 1 ounce treats 500 gallons, across the water s surface, no premixing required. If your water is especially dirty you can double or triple the dose. Allow at least 1-hour of continuous filtration. SerenaSpa Clear Blue - Clear Blue is a cationic polymeric flocculent formulated to coagulate and floc fine suspended solids from spa and hot tub water. These solids, after the addition of Clear Blue, will be filtered out of the spa or collect on the bottom for removal. Initial Use: After filling spa or hot tub, add Clear Blue directly to spa when pump is on high speed at a rate of 4 oz. per 500 gallons of water. Weekly Use: Add 2 oz. of Clear Blue per 500 gallons of water as a maintenance dose. For cloudy water, add approximately 2 oz. per 500 gallons until water is clear. Page 19
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text:
6 guests maximum
90 m2
1 bedroom apartment
2 bathrooms
4 single bed
1 double bed
A few words about the apartment…
If you're looking for an authentic Italian apartment right in the heart of the city, then look no further. Spacious, stylish and inviting, it will make you feel right at home. It's within walking distance of the Cattedrale di Santa Maria del Fiore and the Basilica di Santa Maria Novella – ideal for anyone who wants to explore and enjoy Florence's beautiful architecture.
Check-in / Check-out
The standard check-in time is from 14:00 and the check-out by 11:00.
Arrivals and departures outside this standard time are always tried to be accommodated on request.
Refundable damage deposit upon arrival : € 150.00 cash. The damage deposit will be returned at check-out.
City tax : please check details after clicking the "book now" button
For a late check-in after 20:00 or an early check-out before 08:00 there is an extra cost of € 20.
Please note : non smoking, pets are not allowed, no parties please
Facilities and amenities
- Internet
- Pets allowed
- Smoking allowed
- International TV
- Air conditioning
- Heating
- Fan
- Bed linen
- Towels
- Baby cot
- Washing machine
- Dryer
- Dishwasher
- Microwave
- Oven
- Complete kitchenware
- Balcony
- Terrace
- Garden
- Swimming pool
- Parking
- Lift (apt. is on 3rd floor)
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by soyi
My father will forever be my hero.Whatever I am today was because of him & his sacrifices, his belief in me even though the rest of the world sometimes didnt stand by me, he would always be there. His smile, his wisdom, his affection would give me strength. He was diagnosed with colon cancer in May 2013, few months of surgery & chemotherapy etc but the cancer recurred with the doctor giving him only 6 months time to live!. I remember getting this bit of news from the docs. In a way I do not know where I got the strength to deal with this but I did.
Today when he is gone, I cannot express in words how I feel.He suffered a lot in the past couple of months leading to his death. And I know that in a way he was relieved of his suffering & pain coz he was always such a vibrant, jovial and ever energetic man. He never wanted to see himself crippled like that on the bed, having to see his own life wither away. I know many times when I would see him suffer that way that I prayed to God to take him away so that he would get some peace. But it's only now that I realise losing him is going to be the most difficult thing ever.I am going about my life as usual, but I cry a lot when I am alone, I miss him terribly.. Sometimes I get these pangs,wanting to see him again, to speak to him again, to hear his voice.I keep reading our messages to each other, watching his videos, his photographs wondering if he is listening. He always told me that he would be there even after he goes... I was fortunate that I also got to spend a lot of time with him, holding his hand, telling him that I loved him. On one of those days, weeks before his death he called me home & said " this is the end" and told me that he also saw a very vivid image of me..I knew too that his time was running out.... I often wonder if my dad hears me now, if he sees me now.. Has anyone ever gotten a sign from their loved ones who have departed..I am still waiting for mine. I dont know why it isnt there..or maybe it is but I am not able to see it. I want to believe he is in heaven & is happy & peaceful, he knew always how much I loved him. sometimes it feels unreal that he is not there anymore & sometimes when the truth hits me I feel shattered. But I know he would have wanted me to continue leading my life & be happy. He left being assured that we would take care of ourselves. I just have to respect that & I know the more depressed I become, his soul will not get peace..I just hope as the years pass by, I become stronger. I know I shall remember him every day ..every single day till the day I meet him in heaven again!
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