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What do we know about the well-being of claimants in compensation processes?
- Deborah Daniels
- 1 years ago
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1 What do we know about the well-being of claimants in compensation processes? Nieke Elbers, Arno Akkermans, Pim Cuijpers & David Bruinvels Introduction For some time now, there has been discussion among lawyers in the Netherlands about the position of personal injury victims in liability law. Questions have been raised as to how victims experience the compensation procedure. Several aspects have been criticised, such as the role of lawyers and insurance companies. A study done by Stichting De Ombudsman showed that lawyers sometimes forget to inform the claimant, do not explain the procedure, are slow to do their work, or are not competent to deal with the matter. Insurance company representatives were found to portray claimants as liars, to decline requests for advances, and to adopt a rude attitude towards claimants. 1 Additionally, a study commissioned by the Dutch Ministry of Justice demonstrated that there is an exclusive focus on financial compensation rather than on victims non-material needs. 2 Victims want, for example, to be acknowledged and to be taken seriously. They also want to know precisely what happened and to obtain justice. However, legal professionals often do not take time to deal with these aspects. This was considered to be particularly striking because in the field of personal injury the law holds that recovery takes precedence over compensation. 3 Finally, in his study Weterings observed that claims settlement processes are often both lengthy and costly, which is frustrating claimants and impeding recovery. 4 In general, the studies above concluded that a lengthy compensation process and the attitude of lawyers and insurance companies are not beneficial to claimants health. This conclusion was based on mostly qualitative data and quite biased research samples, so no conclusions could be drawn about whether this negative effect is experienced by only dissatisfied claimants or that it is an extensive problem affecting the overall claimant population. If the latter is the case, this could mean that the current way of handling claims is a serious threat for public health, which would imply that legal professionals inevitably need to think about improving it. Therefore, it is important to investigate the quantitative research on the association between being involved in a compensation process and health, measuring the extent to which the compensation process has an effect on health of 1 Stichting De Ombudsman Huver et al Akkermans Weterings Recht der Werkelijkheid 2012 (33) 2 65
2 Nieke Elbers, Arno Akkermans, Pim Cuijpers & David Bruinvels claimants in general. 5 This article provides an overview, 6 discussing three main themes: (1) Is being involved in a compensation process bad for health? (2) What is causing the negative compensation effect? And (3) How can claimants wellbeing be improved? Is being involved in a compensation process harmful for health? A number of empirical studies have investigated whether being involved in compensation processes has a negative effect on people s well-being. 7 This was often done by comparing a group of individuals who were involved in compensation processes and a group of individuals not involved in these processes. Many of these studies have been grouped and summarised in systematic reviews. 8 Many of these reviews concluded that being involved in a compensation process is bad for health. Recently, eleven reviews were grouped and summarised in a systematic metareview. 9 Nine of them reported an association between compensation and poor health outcomes. However, the authors concluded that only one review was conducted properly, and that particular one found strong evidence for no association between litigation and poor health. These, and several other researchers, pointed to significant limitations in studies, an observation which may temper conclusions about compensation and health. 10 One criticism, for example, is that studies measure the effect of compensation processes, without accurately describing what the compensation process entails. Health researchers plainly describe compensation schemes in rough categories as being tort, no-fault, workers compensation, common law, or litigation. However, tort can be partly no-fault, and no-fault compensation schemes can apply different time limits, monetary thresholds, and injury severity thresholds. 11 Workers compensation is generally no-fault but the implications of the system can be very different between countries. Common law procedures rely on general tort law but in some countries some aspects have been changed because of tort reform legislation. And litigation can refer to all kinds of disputes. 12 Sometimes, the wrong compensation label is used, e.g. confusing litigation with compensation, 13 and considering lawyer involvement to be similar to being involved in compensation. 14 A more accurate description of the compensa- 5 Compensation processes include both litigation and non-litigation procedures, both fault-based and no-fault (workers) compensation schemes. 6 Methodological justification: Several studies were found after conducting a systematic review about the effect of compensation on mental health; the majority were collected by snowballing. As the overview includes several systematic reviews, it is hypothesised to be fairly robust. 7 E.g. Gabbe et al. 2007; Littleton et al E.g. Binder & Rohling 1996; Harris et al Spearing & Connelly Carroll et al. 2011; Grant & Studdert Cameron & Gabbe 2009; Carroll et al Carroll et al Carroll et al. 2011; Grant & Studdert Blanchard et al Recht der Werkelijkheid 2012 (33) 2
3 What do we know about the well-being of claimants in compensation processes? tion scheme and the actual procedure claimants are subjected to is needed to understand the compensation effect. Additionally, another criticism that follows on from the variety in compensation processes is that the results based on one compensation scheme may not apply fully to countries with another compensation scheme, so researchers often question the generalisability of study results. Another limitation of the compensation and health studies under discussion is the fact that researchers use an observational study design. It does not become clear whether a difference between claimants and non-claimants is caused by being involved in the compensation process or by other differences that have not been investigated. To draw conclusions about the effect of being involved in a compensation process, randomised controlled trials (RCTs) are required. 15 However, allocating injured people randomly to either a compensation or a noncompensation condition would be unethical and legally impossible. 16 Another limitation is that studies sometimes use indirect outcome measures as proxies for health outcomes, such as time-to-claim closure. 17 Overall, we conclude that there is a lot of evidence that shows that claimants involved in compensation processes have poorer health outcomes than injured non-claimants, but that it should be noted that this evidence is based on research that has limitations. This should be kept in mind and may bias the findings. What is causing the negative compensation effect? In contrast to the large number of studies investigating the effect of compensation on health, the question as to what is causing this negative compensation effect has received far less attention. 18 This article takes stock of the empirical evidence as to what particular claim factors, which professionals, and what individual, injury-related or accident-related characteristics have an effect on the claimants health. Claim factors In compensation and health literature, several claim factors affecting claimants health are examined. First, health researchers often hypothesised that fault-based compensation schemes (i.e. based on tort law) are more adversarial than no-fault schemes; so claimants who are involved in fault-based compensation schemes are expected to be worse off than those in no-fault compensation schemes. This hypothesis seems to be confirmed by two studies showing that a legislative change from fault (tort) to no-fault resulted in fewer whiplash complaints. 19 However, these studies do not give unambiguous support for removal of fault, because it could also be that the removal of financial compensation for pain and 15 Grant & Studdert Carroll et al Spearing & Connelly The Royal Australasian College of Physicians Cameron et al. 2008; Cassidy et al Recht der Werkelijkheid 2012 (33) 2 67
4 Nieke Elbers, Arno Akkermans, Pim Cuijpers & David Bruinvels suffering reduced the reported symptoms. In addition, another study did not show a health difference between claimants involved in a (predominantly) nofault compensation scheme and those involved in a fault-based scheme. 20 As the evidence is not only ambiguous but also conflicting, no conclusion can be drawn about whether no-fault schemes are better for the claimants well-being than fault-based tort. A related claim factor that was thought to have an effect on health is whether claimants are involved in litigation/court procedure or in an out-of-court compensation process. Again, studies show conflicting results. One study showed that people who were involved in litigation processes were more traumatised than those in out-of-court settlements. 21 A meta-analysis analysing 211 studies, however, did not show a health difference between claimants in litigation procedures and those involved in out-of-court settlements. 22 Comparable to what Weterings observed in his study, 23 empirical researchers also suggest that the length of time involved in a compensation procedure is a factor influencing well-being. 24 However, we only found one study that showed that being involved in a compensation process of longer than one year increased the trauma. 25 In contrast, a meta-analysis of 211 studies did not find an effect of length of time on health, 26 so the evidence that claim duration has no impact on health seems to be much stronger. Furthermore, it is hypothesised that lump sum and periodical payments may have a different influence on claimants recovery. 27 To our knowledge, only one study investigated whether lump sum or intermittent payments had a different effect on the claimants health and found that claimants who received lump sum payments reported greater psychological disturbance and more unemployment than those who were paid intermittently. 28 The authors of this study did not explain this effect, but maybe the intermittent payments relieved the financial insecurity that some claimants have to deal with. Again, more research is needed. A final topic in compensation and health studies is the frequent suggestion that a claim settlement can cure the victim, 29 implying that once claimants receive their compensation, they miraculously recover from their injury. Regardless of whether this reasoning is correct, studies found contradictory evidence, as some studies showed that people with settled claims reported better health compared 20 Greenough & Fraser Cotti et al Harris et al Weterings Shuman Cotti et al Harris et al Grant & Studdert Greenough & Fraser Miller Recht der Werkelijkheid 2012 (33) 2
5 What do we know about the well-being of claimants in compensation processes? to those with pending claims, 30 whereas other studies did not show a correlation between claim settlement and mental health or recovery. 31 In conclusion, more research is needed to draw conclusions on what particular claim factors are responsible for decreased well-being. Professionals Empirical studies also suggested that professionals may have a negative effect on the claimants well-being. Generally, the literature addresses three categories of professionals: insurance company representatives, medical experts and lawyers. Insurance company representatives are said to have an adversarial attitude towards claimants. 32 Also the fact that they sometimes delay the payment of funds is suggested to be harmful for claimants well-being. 33 Medical experts were accused of reinforcing the sick role and exacerbating the trauma by overinvestigating patients. 34 However, quantitative studies investigating the effect of the attitude of insurance representatives and the involvement of medical experts on claimants health have not yet been conducted. In contrast, the association between lawyer involvement and claimants health has been explored in quantitative studies several times. Several studies 35 found that lawyer involvement is negatively associated with claimants well-being. There was one exception to this. 36 However, the true explanation as to why lawyers seem to be bad for health has not been assessed yet. Some researchers hypothesised that claimants who engage a lawyer probably also have more severe injuries or more problematic claims. 37 However, studies that controlled for injury severity still found a negative effect. 38 Others suggested that lawyers implicitly encouraged their clients to maintain sickness behaviour. 39 Still others suggested that lawyers inflicted emotional harm on clients by communicating poorly, 40 or that they did not sufficiently take into account their clients emotions and nonmaterial needs. 41 More research is needed to investigate the cause of this negative relationship. Individual, injury-related, or accident-related characteristics Perhaps health differences have nothing to do with the compensation process? Could it be that claimants just have different individual, injury-related, or acci- 30 Guest & Drummond 1992; Miller Blanchard et al. 1998; Mendelson O'Donnell et al Blanchard et al. 1998; Ehlers et al Harris 2007; Lippel 2007; Littleton et al. 2010; Murgatroyd et al. 2011; Fulcher Gun et al. 2005; Harris et al Casey et al Dichraff Harris et al Aurbach Schatman Akkermans Recht der Werkelijkheid 2012 (33) 2 69
6 Nieke Elbers, Arno Akkermans, Pim Cuijpers & David Bruinvels dent-related characteristics to those of non-claimants, so that these other factors explain the health difference? Individual characteristics It could be that claimants have more pre-injury psychopathology or psychological vulnerability than non-claimants. 42 However, several studies did not show such differences, 43 and one even found that claimants had less psychopathology than non-claimants. 44 Another hypothesis is that claimants and non-claimants may differ in the way they deal with problems and stress (coping style). 45 However, the coping style that is associated with poorer well-being and slower recovery is a palliative or avoidance coping style, 46 whereas claimants are often associated with a rather active or decisive coping style. 47 What about age, gender, and education differences between claimants and nonclaimants that may explain the health difference? Age, for example, is negatively associated with health. Maybe people who lodge a claim are older than injured people who do not lodge a claim, so age would explain the health difference between claimants and non-claimants rather than the compensation process itself. However, studies did not show age differences between claimants and nonclaimants. 48 We moreover found some studies reporting that claimants were younger than non-claimants. 49 The same story goes for gender: women generally show higher illness morbidity and longer impairment than men. Maybe women tend to claim more often than men, which could explain health differences between claimants and non-claimants. However, again the compensation studies that we investigated did not report significant differences. 50 Finally, we checked whether studies reported education differences, as higher education is associated with better health. It could be that people with higher levels of education tend to refrain from lodging a claim. Indeed, some studies found that claimants were those with lower levels of education compared to non-claimants. 51 However, other studies did not report differences in education level. 52 Based on the literature that we studied, no conclusion can be drawn about the effect of education. Injury characteristics It is often suggested that claimants probably have more severe injuries than people who do not claim, which may explain why claimants report poorer health than injured non-claimants. Indeed, there is one study that showed that injured people 42 E.g. Littleton et al Benight et al. 2008; Gabbe et al O'Donnell et al Wayte et al Bryant & Harvey 1995; Buitenhuis et al Benight et al Benight et al. 2008; Blanchard et al. 1998; Bryant & Harvey 2003; Littleton et al Gabbe et al. 2007; O'Donnell et al. 2010; Suter Benight et al. 2008; Gabbe et al. 2007; Littleton et al. 2010; O'Donnell et al Benight et al. 2008; O'Donnell et al Gabbe et al. 2007; Littleton et al. 2010; Suter Recht der Werkelijkheid 2012 (33) 2
7 What do we know about the well-being of claimants in compensation processes? who were involved in compensation processes suffered from more severe injuries than those who did not claim compensation. 53 However, two studies found the opposite, i.e. that the compensation effect was associated with mild injuries rather than severe complaints. 54 Several other studies did not show severity of injury differences between groups. 55 This means that there does not seem to be support for injury severity explaining poorer health. Claim managers often seem to assume that claimants with whiplash injuries recover less well than claimants with other injuries. Remarkably, we found only one empirical study that compared the health of claimants with whiplash to those with orthopaedic injury. This study showed that claimants with whiplash injuries reported similar psychological complaints but more pain than those with orthopaedic injury. 56 The question is whether whiplash claimants are more likely to claim compensation. There is one study that investigated a group of people with whiplash injuries and asked them whether they were claiming compensation: 55% of the sample claimed, 45% did not. 57 Furthermore, Dutch insurance companies report that about 32% of their claimants have whiplash injuries, which is quite high, but more studies are needed to investigate whether whiplash injury explains the health difference between claimants and non-claimants. Accident characteristics Could it be that claimants experienced more severe accidents than non-claimants, as more severe accidents are probably associated with more severe injury and thus poorer health? There were two studies that found that claimants were more often injured in road accidents, whereas those who did not claim were predominantly injured in falls. 58 However, the compensation effect was also present in samples of motor vehicle accidents only, 59 which suggests that accident trauma cannot be a predominant explanation. A final hypothesis is that claimants experience more blame towards the offender, and blame is associated with stress and anger, so blame could explain why claimants show poorer well-being than non-claimants. 60 However, only one study showed the association between responsibility for the accident and being involved in litigation, and it appears that claimants in litigation and those not involved in litigation equally often consider the other to be responsible Suter Binder & Rohling 1996; Sterling et al Blanchard et al. 1998; Bryant & Harvey 2003; Littleton et al. 2010; O'Donnell et al Mayou & Bryant Sterling et al Gabbe et al. 2007; O'Donnell et al Blanchard et al. 1998; Bryant & Harvey 2003; Littleton et al Littleton et al Benight et al Recht der Werkelijkheid 2012 (33) 2 71
8 Nieke Elbers, Arno Akkermans, Pim Cuijpers & David Bruinvels How to improve claimants well-being? The fact that little is known about what is causing the negative effect of being involved in compensation processes on health has not discouraged initiatives to enhance claimants satisfaction and health outcomes. Some evidence was found that more client-friendly claims settlement could improve claimants well-being. Client-friendly claims settlement There are two studies concerning insurance companies that changed their ways of claims settlement, improving claimants well-being and satisfaction. One insurance company in New South Wales, Australia, applied a new claims settlement approach, which consisted of a variety of changes such as following a consistent communication protocol, risk screening, psychological screening, prompt approval of treatments, proactively resolving disputes, and facilitating early return to work. The new approach was found to reduce depression and to improve return to normal activities, compared to the usual claim handling. 62 Another initiative was undertaken by a Dutch loss adjusters company, changing the claims handling of people with whiplash injuries. All legal and medical discussions were banned for one year, claimants were supported by case managers, got access to any treatment they preferred, and all costs were fully compensated by the participating insurance companies. The satisfaction score of the participants in the pilot was 0.5 point higher than the average satisfaction score in regular cases (which was 7.3 on a scale from 1 to 10). 63 Lawyers have also probably tried to improve their way of claims settlement in order to enhance their clients health, although these initiatives have not been quantitatively investigated, at least not to our knowledge. Nevertheless, several articles about lawyer-client interaction suggested that improving psychosocial skills could improve claimant satisfaction. For instance, it was argued that lawyers should focus on identifying aspects of legal procedures that may lead to anxiety, distress and depression. 64 Other articles suggested that lawyers should improve their interpersonal, listening, interviewing, and counselling skills, 65 and that they should involve the client in decision-making in order to enhance client satisfaction. 66 It would be interesting to empirically investigate such improvements. In organisational settings, it was found that increasing procedural fairness, i.e. workers getting the opportunity to express their views and feelings, 67 being treated with dignity and respect, 68 and being provided with reasonable, timely, and 62 Schaafsma et al Van Driel Patry et al Sternlight & Robbennolt Binder et al. 1990; Kruse Thibaut & Walker Bies & Moag Recht der Werkelijkheid 2012 (33) 2
9 What do we know about the well-being of claimants in compensation processes? specific information and explanations, 69 was associated with better health. 70 Possibly improving procedural justice could also enhance well-being in compensation processes. Currently, lawyers and insurance companies are more concerned with determining the compensation amount than focussing on procedural justice. However, this does not seem to be right as research has shown that people consider fair procedures to be more important than fair outcomes. 71 More research is needed to investigate whether enhancing procedural justice in compensation processes would lead to increased well-being among claimants. Claimant empowerment via e-health To make claimants less dependent on lawyers and insurance companies, we propose an additional, innovative way to improve the well-being of claimants in compensation processes: claimant empowerment via e-health interventions. Empowerment is a well-known tool in health care. Empowerment interventions have already been developed for a wide variety of physical (e.g. arthritis, cancer, diabetes) and mental health problems (e.g. post-traumatic stress, depression, anxiety). The methodologies of the interventions differ widely, but a lot of them provide information and cognitive behavioural therapy, challenging dysfunctional cognitions and behavioural patterns related to the health problem. Nowadays, empowerment interventions are increasingly offered via the internet, called e-health interventions. 72 They may even have several advantages over faceto-face interventions: they are anonymous, the costs are low, and they can be consulted at any time and any place. 73 Furthermore, they are particularly suitable for mild symptoms. 74 Although e-health interventions also have some problematic issues, such as a high drop-out rate of participants and a need for some interaction to be effective, they are expected to become a part of regular health care in the future. 75 E-health interventions may help claimants who are involved in compensation processes. Claimants could benefit from an independent, online intervention providing information about the various steps and possible difficulties in the claims settlement process. Furthermore, claimants could also benefit from cognitive behavioural techniques, teaching how to recognise and tackle negative and irrational thoughts, how to communicate effectively with lawyers and insurance companies, and how to cope with inevitable, unpleasant aspects such as proving liability and causation. Further research is needed to investigate whether claimants in compensation processes may benefit from e-health interventions. 69 Colquitt 2001; Shapiro et al Ybema & van den Bos Thibaut & Walker Carlbring et al. 2005; Kaltenthaler et al Griffiths et al Andersson & Cuijpers Andersson & Cuijpers Recht der Werkelijkheid 2012 (33) 2 73
10 Nieke Elbers, Arno Akkermans, Pim Cuijpers & David Bruinvels Conclusion What does the empirical literature tell us about the well-being of claimants in compensation processes? It can be concluded that injured claimants in general recover less well than injured people who do not claim compensation. However, we should be careful in generalising the study results across jurisdictions because of the variety of compensation schemes across the world, and we should also be cautious about drawing causal conclusions because the observational study designs do not permit that. No conclusion can be drawn about whether certain claim factors can explain the association between compensation processes and health. Although some studies found that fault-based compensation schemes, litigation, duration, lump sum payments, and claim settlement have a negative effect on claimants health, there are also other studies that either found no association or showed contrasting evidence. Nothing can be said about the effect of the attitude of insurance companies as no empirical research has been conducted about the matter. The same applies to the hypothesis that medical experts and numerous medical assessments hinder claimant recovery as only one qualitative study showed an association, which is too limited to be able to make a judgement. Lawyer engagement, in contrast, is a factor that has been well investigated and was found to have a negative influence on the health of claimants, but further research is needed to explain why. Conflicting evidence was found regarding a possible confounding effect of certain non-claim characteristics on well-being, such as previous psychopathology, coping style, age, gender, education, injury severity, type of injury, accident trauma, and the extent of blame. Once again no conclusion could be drawn based on the empirical studies done so far. Finally, we conclude that it is possible to improve claimants well-being by applying a different way of claims settlement, as was shown by two insurance companies. Some articles suggested that lawyers can also improve their clients recovery by improving their way of claim handling, but the effectiveness of such change has not been empirically investigated yet. We propose empowering claimants via evidence based e-health interventions, but further research is needed to investigate whether this method is also effective in improving claimants well-being. More research is needed to be able to find what is causing the compensation process to have a negative effect on claimants health, and more initiatives need to be undertaken to improve the situation. It appears to be both necessary and possible to make compensation procedures more beneficial for clients in terms of physical health outcomes, psychological well-being and perceived justice, so it is obvious that we need to do something. The health of a large number of people is at stake. 74 Recht der Werkelijkheid 2012 (33) 2
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14 Nieke Elbers, Arno Akkermans, Pim Cuijpers & David Bruinvels Ybema, J.F., & K. van den Bos, Effects of organizational justice on depressive symptoms and sickness absence: A longitudinal perspective, Social Science & Medicine (10), pp Recht der Werkelijkheid 2012 (33) 2
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text: June 3, 2014 • Top Shelf • Leave a CommentStalley – Man Of The Year (Remix) [Video] MMG's Stalley jumps on ScHoolBoy Q's "Man of the Year" record to deliver his remix. Check out his video after the jump! PREVIOUS POSTG-Unit – Real Quick [Audio]NEXT POSTSwizz Beatz Talks Attending Harvard Business School with The Breakfast Club [Video] Leave A Comment Cancel reply Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *Comment Name * Email * Website

subset: commoncrawl


text:
iPad LOGO
The masterminds behind groundbreaking ideas
If you were paying close attention, you would have noticed that Andy Spade and Anthony Sperduti of Partners & Spade are the forces behind so many of the brands, products, ad campaigns, places or even ideas we have come to know, such as J.Crew's Men's Shop at the Liquor Store and Best Made Co. just to name a few.
In an attempt to get close to their minds, we interviewed them and shot a time lapse video at their weekend-only shop (currently on hiatus) over a 24-hour period.
This story will appear in 0 issue of the iPad version of PERISCOPE
Through seven stories, Periscope explores artists' personal journeys.


text:
eat your makeup Makeup Artist
nikoloveurModel Male Aix–en–Provence, Provence–Alpes–Côte–d'Azur, France
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Rachele Richey – My Dad's Hot Girlfriend
Released: August 12, 2014
Rachele should be with Preston's dad but, he finds her sitting on the couch. She doesn't like going on trips with his dad because all she does is sit in the hotel room and doesn't get to go out. Preston was going to throw a party while the two are away and Rachele suggest that they part together. Preston doesn't like that idea and his dad would flip his lid if he found out. Rachele give Preston a little more incentive by pulling out her tits! Preston decides as long as she keeps quiet about it they can party together.


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You think there are any breaks in NJ or LI that can hold these long period swells we're going to see Saturday/Sunday?
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Thread: BIG BILL-- Who can hold him?
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text: 8 Halloween Desserts That Are Equal Parts Spooky and Delicious Facebook Pinterest Twitter Print Mail Save Left Arrow Right Arrow Photo by Philip Friedman; Styling: Colleen Riley Candy, what candy? With a lineup of homemade sweets ranging from pumpkin cheesecake to a candy corn popsicle, you'll forget all about it. Start Right Arrow Start


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Gas Monkey Live
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Slayer and Their Fans Slashed Through a No-Holds-Barred Night at Gas Monkey
Monday, October 10, 2016 at 9:43 a.m. by Taylor Frantum
Slayer With Anthrax and Death Angel Gas Monkey Live!, Dallas Friday, Oct. 7, 2016 There is no group of fans more dedicated than thrash metal fans. The genre clichés of pseudo-satanism and glorified violence may seem a little tired, ...
Lance Lopez Talks Life After Sobriety and Sharing the Stage With Blues Legends
Monday, September 12, 2016 at 4 a.m. by Christian McPhate
Lance Lopez has seen a lifetime of change in recent years. The 38-year-old Dallas-based blues guitarist lost a dear friend, found sobriety and love, formed a new band with other blues legends and fathered a baby girl named Lilly. He...
The Orange's Scott Tucker Was Due to Perform With His Hero, Scott Weiland
Friday, December 4, 2015 at 1:41 p.m. by Jeff Gage
Scott Tucker was on the verge of having a dream come true. On Saturday, December 12, he and his band the Orange were scheduled to play a show at Gas Monkey Live!, opening for one his heroes, Scott Weiland. The Orange have spent a de...
Chris Stapleton Kicked the Footlights Out at Gas Monkey Live Last Night
Friday, October 23, 2015 at 9:10 a.m. by Amy McCarthy
Chris Stapleton With Quaker City Night Hawks Gas Monkey Live, Dallas Thursday, October 22, 2015 Country music is in a strange state of transition. As Luke Bryan sits at the top of the charts, a new crop of refreshing artists are rep...


text:
No doubt you have some honey hidden in your cupboards, a last-minute replacement for sugar in your tea or coffee. Maybe it's in the shape of a cute little bear or maybe it's some fancy wildflower, raw-type that costs more than you like to remember. Honey is a great sweetener alternative but did you know it's also amazing as a facial treatment?
A powerful antimicrobial, honey does wonders for zapping zits and as a humectant it also moisturizes skin. Here are some quick DIY ways to I use honey to revive my skincare routine.
Use a dollop of honey to cleanse your face in the morning. Honey will help soften and clean the skin without stripping it of vital oils. It's a little sticky yes but it's a sweet way to start the day.
Honey is a great mask on its own but also a wonderful thing to add to your homemade or premade masks. Yogurt and honey is a powerful exfoliator.
Don't want to slop honey on your face but still want its skincare boost in your routine? Try products that have honey in their arsenal like Guerlain Abeille Royale Honey Nectar Lotion and Nuxe Face Cleansing and Make-up Removing Gel.


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Vinnie Jones greyhound case may settle at High Court tomorrow
A HIGH Court action over a failed drug test on a winning greyhound part owned by actor and former professional footballer Vinnie Jones may settle tomorrow.
Mr Jones is a member of a three-man syndicate which ran a greyhound called "Boavista" to victory in the €80,000 JP McManus Irish Cup at a coursing event held at Limerick Racecourse in February 2006.
The dog failed a drug test and an Irish Coursing Club (ICC) inquiry disqualified it. No adverse findings were made personally against Mr Jones or his fellow syndicate members, greyhound trainer Pat Curtin and bookie Denis Gould.
However, the syndicate, along with Mr Curtin's sister and greyhound handler, Bridget Curtin, sought a High Court judicial review of the ICC's decision. They claimed they were not afforded proper procedures by the ICC in relation to the inquiry and also alleged there had not been full disclosure of the allegations against them.
The ICC opposed their application as did the owner of the greyhound which came second, retired businessman Michael Kelleher, whose said his dog became the winner as a result of the disqualification of Boavista.
Mr Kelleher, who was joined as a notice party in the case, says he was being deprived of the race's €80,000 purse which still has not been distributed some seven years later.
The case was due to begin today before High Court president, Mr Justice Nicholas Kearns, who was told talks were underway in an effort to settle it.
Gavin Ralston SC, for the ICC, said the terms of any settlement had to be relayed to a committee of the ICC which comprises 21 members.
He said "we are approaching getting a majority" but more time was needed.
The judge said in view of this, he would adjourn the matter to tomorrow.
Vinnie Jones was a member of Wimbledon FC's 'Crazy Gang' team which beat Liverpool in the 1988 FA Cup Final. He later went on to capitalise on his tough image in the game to play the role of a hard man in movies.


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• Phone systems by Cisco VOIP and NEC DSX
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• Data recovery for hard drives that no longer work


text:
2 Min Read
TORONTO/NEW YORK (Reuters) - Security software company Certicom Corp agreed to be bought by BlackBerry maker Research In Motion for around C$131 million ($106.5 million), spurning a lower bid from VeriSign Inc.
RIM raised its offer to C$3 a share for Certicom last week, double its initial hostile takeover offer in December and significantly trumping VeriSign's C$2.10 per share bid.
"The Board of Directors of Certicom has concluded that the RIM transaction is in the best interests of the Corporation," Jeffrey Chisholm, chairman of Certicom's board, said in a statement late on Tuesday.
Certicom had earlier received notice from VeriSign that it would not try to match RIM's bid.
Certicom, whose technology has been approved by the U.S. National Security Agency for government communications, said it was still allowed to terminate the agreement with RIM in favor of an unsolicited superior proposal, subject to a C$4 million termination fee.
It said it paid Internet security provider VeriSign a C$4 million termination fee.
Shares in Certicom fell 8.9 percent on the Toronto Stock Exchange on Tuesday to C$2.97.
($1=$1.22 Canadian)
Reporting by Claire Sibonney and Ritsuko Ando in New York; Editing by Peter Galloway and Valerie Lee


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Junk .. can't handle full screen videojQuery152048
I'm not a gamer, I'm not a 3D artist, I'm really not asking a lot from my video board. I just need a decent reliable PCI video board that supports dual monitors. The crappy on-board VGA card in my desktop can do full screen video just fine. Flawlessly in fact. The Jaton GeForce 4800 skips and sputters when doing fullscreen video .. like youtube. It's absolutely pathetic. Other than that it seems to work fine, but this is 2011 and fullscreen video should be a minimum expectation for any video board. I feel like i wasted my money.
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Home > Product Categories > Racks & Cases > Equipment Cases > Monitor Cases > MO-LH910B
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PortaBrace MOH-LH910 Monitor Hood for Panasonic BT-LH910
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The Flat Screen Field Monitor Case (MO) is made using 1000-denier Cordura material and is custom-fit to a specific Panasonic field monitor. There's a fold-out anti-glare visor that improves screen visibility while using the montior outdoors. A "Quick-Slick" rain cover is included and can be used to keep the monitor, battery and cables dry during an unexpected rain shower. A sturdy stand folds out to angle the monitor for optimal viewing. The bottom of the case is lined with anti-skid, waterproof material to provide a solid protective base.
The stand and visor fold back into the case and the entire unit folds into a protective compact case for carrying over the shoulder. A comfortable suede-leather HB-1040 Shoulder Strap is included and can also be used around the neck to support the monitor while viewing.
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Far Rockaway Journal; Weeds Hide a Precious Patch of Past
By JOSEPH P. FRIED
Published: October 14, 1991
Alberto Garcia has been living on New Haven Avenue in Far Rockaway, Queens, for 10 years, but it was news to him that across the street from his apartment building, behind a row of small houses, was an official New York City landmark.
"I don't know anything about it," Mr. Garcia, a hotel worker, said of the Richard Cornell Graveyard, a cemetery dating from the 17th century.
Even if Mr. Garcia had ventured behind the houses, or the nursing home or the overgrown vacant lot that also hide the cemetery, he still would not have known that he was standing on a precious patch of past.
The 75-by-67-foot cemetery, which the Landmarks Preservation Commission designated a landmark in 1970 because of its "special historical and esthetic interest and value" in New York City's development, is a long-neglected tangle of weeds, fallen tree limbs and construction rubbish dumped there in the last two decades.
What's more, there is not a single gravestone to mark the graves of Richard Cornell, the first white settler in the Rockaways, who died in the 1690's, or nearly 30 of his descendants and relatives.
The half dozen or so gravestones that local history buffs say stood there in 1970, when the cemetery was already in decline, have disappeared. So have pieces of the other stones that were scattered on the site then. The history buffs, who have followed the cemetery's decay with dismay, say the city took the stones for safekeeping shortly after the cemetery was made a landmark. Then, there was talk of a restoration, which never fully materialized. The city has since lost track of where it stored the gravestones, the buffs say.
The chief of staff of the Landmarks Commission, Joan R. Olshansky, insisted recently that any removal of the stones "was not done under city auspices."
In any case, all this is the lamentable legacy of the past. Now, if Ms. Olshansky's agency can convert aspiration to actuality, a new chapter will be written in the site's long history.
Working with the local historians, Rockaway's civic leaders and some Cornell descendants, the Landmarks Commission has spurred still another effort to restore what it hailed in 1970 as "one of the few old burial grounds in the city which have survived to the present day."
"About a year or so ago a couple of my staff people were in the neighborhood and went to see it and were appalled," Ms. Olshansky recalled. "The Cornell family, who owned the property, didn't have a great deal of interest or the necessary funds to maintain it."
As for the commission's own role, she said, "We've always had a small staff and not enough funds to monitor all the landmarks."
Mary Cornell, the wife of Richard Cornell of Kew Gardens, Queens, a 14th-generation descendant of the first Richard, said: "The family really didn't know they owned it anymore. We thought it belonged to the city."
At the cemetery the other day, Stanley Cogan, president of the Queens Historical Society, who heads a 13-member task force to carry out the renewed rescue effort, described the effort's theme as "bringing the Cornell cemetery back to life."
He and some other task force members guided a visitor to the site by stepping gingerly through the garbage and weeds of a city-owned lot fronting the cemetery near New Haven and Caffrey Avenues, a lot they hope will be converted to a park-like access.
After removing the debris in the cemetery, which the task force hopes to start soon, the cemetery will be returned to its 18th-century appearance, they said. The disappeared gravestones? Emil Lucev, another member, said they still might be found, possibly buried in the graveyard itself. If not, there is always the possibility of producing "facsimiles" of all the markers once in the yard, said the other members on the visit, Mel Cantor, Leon Locke and Craig Bachrow. Preservation purists, however, could object to reproductions.
Peering beyond such details, Mrs. Cornell, also active in the restoration, focused on the ultimate concern. "People shouldn't be forgotten," she said, "especially people who did so much in getting the area started."
Map of Queens showing location of Richard Cornell Graveyard.


text:
Movie Info: IMDb
Rating: n/a
Country: South Korea
Language: Korean
Release Date: 19 Nov 2015
Director: Kang Hoon,
Stars: Viki, Kang Seong-pil, Lee Seung-chae.
Duration: 98 Minutes
Size: 208 MB
Fantasy unstoppable desire for a sister-in-law brother-in-law loved!
Successful female doctor who triumphantly as therapist Xia Ying (V) is subjected to one day ask secret from her sister Shipper (yiseungchae). Brother-in-law that it Dominance (gangseongpil) refused to sleep in their own, unlike before. During the hypnosis of which are hayoungeun brother brother-in-law that can be treated with psychotherapy relationship the couple accept her sister's favor is the fact that there is to know yourself, not having the desire to Xia Ying sister
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text:
by Staff Writers
Baltimore MD (SPX) Sep 10, 2013
Northrop Grumman has completed a full-scale demonstration of its Three-Dimensional Expeditionary Long-Range Radar (3DELRR) for the U.S. Air Force last month.
Approximately 40 members of the U.S. Air Force, Marine Corps and the Office of the Secretary of Defense were on site to witness the comprehensive demonstration of Northrop Grumman's radar system. More than 50 additional participants and observers were connected in real time at multiple locations via secure webcast.
"The U.S. Air Force system variant of the Department of Defense AN/TPS-80 radar performed exceptionally well during this comprehensive demonstration," said Jeff Palombo, vice president and general manager of Northrop Grumman's Land and Self Protection Systems Division.
"This mature system is a low-risk solution that can provide significant immediate and long-term development, production and logistics cost savings for our Air Force customer."
During the demonstration, Northrop Grumman's 3DELRR performed long-range detection and tracking of live aircraft via high-power S-Band Gallium Nitride transmit/receive modules while showing successful system ambient air cooling under extremely hot operating conditions and comprehensive automatic system self-test and calibration capabilities.
Designed to replace the current AN/TPS-75 radar systems, 3DELRR will be the primary Air Force ground-based, long-range radar for detecting airborne threats.
Based on Northrop Grumman's active electronically scanned array (AESA) radar technology, the company's 3DELRR solution is a highly mobile, affordable and reliable radar system that will give the Air Force powerful new air defense capabilities.
Northrop Grumman is a leader in the development of AESA radar systems. The company's ground radar systems include the AN/TPS-80 Ground/Air Task Oriented Radar and Highly Adaptable Multi-Mission Radar AESA systems as well as the solid-state AN/TPS-78 and TPS-703 radar systems.
Related Links
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text:
Its MAMBA Season!!! Sky Diamonds Entertainment Artist and CEO "Sky P" teams up with DJ Real (The Emir Of Alaba) on this hot club Banger titled "MAMBA". According to sources, Sky P is currently in Dubai for the video shoot of another hot project which is yet to be released, but decided to keep the airwaves and clubs banging with MAMBA. This up scale sound is sure to keep your fingers on the replay button. Listen, Download and Enjoy MAMBA by Sky P featuring DJ Real.
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okay sir
great songs . love them….. most especially the videos


text:
|MLB Career Stats
With their bullpen in need of reinforcements, the Mariners called up relievers Jean Machi and Emilio Pagan from Triple-A Tacoma on Tuesday, optioned first baseman Daniel Vogelbach back to Tacoma and designated reliever Casey Fien for assignment.
One of the few roster battles in Mariners camp appears all but finalized now as Taylor Motter will open the season as the club's utility player with Shawn O'Malley expected to miss about 10 to 14 days following his appendectomy surgery Tuesday.
|LA Angels
|Salt Lake
|July 7, 2017
|Seattle Mariners sent SS Shawn O'Malley on a rehab assignment to AZL Mariners.
|May 2, 2017
|Seattle Mariners transferred SS Shawn O'Malley from the 10-day disabled list to the 60-day disabled list. Appendix surgery.
|March 31, 2017
|Seattle Mariners placed SS Shawn O'Malley on the 10-day disabled list. Appendix surgery.
|May 15, 2016
|Seattle Mariners recalled SS Shawn O'Malley from Tacoma Rainiers.
|March 27, 2016
|Seattle Mariners optioned 2B Shawn O'Malley to Tacoma Rainiers.
|September 1, 2015
|Seattle Mariners selected the contract of Shawn O'Malley from Tacoma Rainiers.
|August 1, 2015
|Tacoma Rainiers activated LF Shawn O'Malley from the 7-day disabled list.
|July 29, 2015
|Tacoma Rainiers sent LF Shawn O'Malley on a rehab assignment to Everett AquaSox.
|July 2, 2015
|Tacoma Rainiers placed LF Shawn O'Malley on the 7-day disabled list.
|January 22, 2015
|Seattle Mariners signed free agent LF Shawn O'Malley to a minor league contract and invited him to spring training.
|January 22, 2015
|LF Shawn O'Malley assigned to Tacoma Rainiers.
|December 19, 2014
|Los Angeles Angels released LF Shawn O'Malley.
|October 13, 2014
|Los Angeles Angels activated LF Shawn O'Malley.
|October 2, 2014
|Los Angeles Angels reassigned LF Shawn O'Malley to the minor leagues.
|September 2, 2014
|Los Angeles Angels recalled LF Shawn O'Malley from Salt Lake Bees.
|September 1, 2014
|Los Angeles Angels selected the contract of Shawn O'Malley from Salt Lake Bees.
|September 1, 2014
|Los Angeles Angels optioned SS Shawn O'Malley to Salt Lake Bees.
|June 29, 2014
|Salt Lake Bees sent OF Shawn O'Malley on a rehab assignment to AZL Angels.
|June 20, 2014
|Shawn O'Malley roster status changed by Salt Lake Bees.
|May 3, 2014
|Salt Lake Bees activated OF Shawn O'Malley from the 7-day disabled list.
|April 22, 2014
|Salt Lake Bees placed OF Shawn O'Malley on the 7-day disabled list. groin strain
|April 16, 2014
|SS Shawn O'Malley assigned to Salt Lake Bees from Arkansas Travelers.
|March 27, 2014
|SS Shawn O'Malley assigned to Arkansas Travelers.
|December 18, 2013
|Los Angeles Angels signed free agent SS Shawn O'Malley to a minor league contract and invited him to spring training.
|November 4, 2013
|SS Shawn O'Malley elected free agency.
|September 10, 2013
|SS Shawn O'Malley assigned to Durham Bulls from Montgomery Biscuits.
|July 18, 2013
|Shawn O'Malley roster status changed by Montgomery Biscuits.
|June 20, 2013
|Montgomery Biscuits placed SS Shawn O'Malley on the 7-day disabled list.
|November 29, 2012
|Tampa Bay Rays invited non-roster SS Shawn O'Malley to spring training.
|July 22, 2012
|SS Shawn O'Malley assigned to Montgomery Biscuits from Durham Bulls.
|April 3, 2012
|Shawn O'Malley assigned to Durham Bulls from Montgomery Biscuits.
|March 8, 2012
|SS Shawn O'Malley assigned to Tampa Bay Rays.
|May 16, 2011
|Shawn O'Malley roster status changed by Montgomery Biscuits.
|April 6, 2011
|Montgomery Biscuits placed SS Shawn O'Malley on the 7-day disabled list.
|August 18, 2010
|SS Shawn O'Malley assigned to Montgomery Biscuits.
|August 4, 2010
|Montgomery Biscuits placed DH Shawn O'Malley on the 7-day disabled list.
|July 4, 2010
|Montgomery Biscuits activated DH Shawn O'Malley from the 7-day disabled list.
|June 24, 2010
|GCL Rays sent SS Shawn O'Malley on a rehab assignment to Charlotte Stone Crabs.
|June 21, 2010
|Shawn O'Malley assigned to GCL Rays.
|April 24, 2010
|Montgomery Biscuits placed DH Shawn O'Malley on the 7-day disabled list.
|April 7, 2010
|SS Shawn O'Malley assigned to Montgomery Biscuits from Charlotte Stone Crabs.
|March 11, 2010
|SS Shawn O'Malley assigned to Tampa Bay Rays.
|September 17, 2009
|Shawn O'Malley roster status changed by Charlotte Stone Crabs.
|August 15, 2009
|Charlotte Stone Crabs placed SS Shawn O'Malley on the 7-day disabled list.
Shawn Michael O'Malley…attended Southridge High School in Kennewick, Wash…committed to play college baseball for Washington State before signing with the Rays…as a junior in high school was named the Big Nine Conference Player of the Year, hitting over .500 without committing an error…was also All-State First Team in football as a wide receiver, defensive back and kick returner…named to the Seattle Times 4A All- State football team and was the All-Big Nine League MVP as a wide receiver in 2005… selected as a 2006 USA Today High School Baseball All-America team.2016
MLB Totals - Hit .229 (48x210) with 24 runs, 9 doubles, 2 triples, 2 home runs, 17 RBI and 18 walks in 89 games with Seattle... For the Win - Hit a game-winning 3-run home run in the bottom of the 7th inning on Aug. 6 vs. LAA… marked a career-high with 3 RBI.. Here to Stay - Appeared in a careerhigh 89 games with Seattle after being recalled from AAA Tacoma on May 15... Versatile - Made appearances defensively at shortstop (36 games, 29 starts), right field (19 G, 2 GS), left field (15 G, 9 GS), 2nd base (12 G, 3 GS), 3rd base (7 G, 3 GS) and center field (5 G, 3 GS)... Rainiers Land - Began the season with AAA Tacoma, where he hit .317 (26x82) with 15 runs, 5 doubles, 1 triple, 1 home run, 13 RBI, 5 stolen bases, a .412 on-base mark and a .439 slugging percentage in 25 games.2015
MLB Totals - Hit .262 (11x42) with 10 runs, 1 double, 1 home run, 7 RBI & .418 on-base mark in 24 games after selection from AAA Tacoma. ... Versatility - Appeared in center field (14G, 10GS), left field (4G, 1GS), right field (3G, 1GS) & third (3G). ... Getting On - Reached base safely in 13 of 24 games including 9 of the first 11 games…in his first 11 games, reached base 19 times via hit (10) or walk (9), hitting .417 (10x24) with 8 runs, 1 double, 1 home run & 5 RBI. ... Seattle Debut - 3-for-4 with 2 RBI in debut Sept. 2 at Houston…according to Elias Sports Bureau became 4th player with 3+ hits and 2+ RBI in first game with Seattle, joining Henry Cotto (4/6/88 at OAK), Eliezer Alfonzo (5/30/10 at LAA) & Seth Smith (4/6/15 vs. LAA). ... AAA Tacoma - Hit .297 (92x310) with 50 runs scored, 11 doubles, 5 triples, 5 home runs, 39 RBI, 19 walks and 20 stolen bases in 89 games with Tacoma. ... Hot Stretch - Hit .376 (47x125) in 32-game stretch May 27-June 30 (before going on DL)…led the PCL in batting during this time frame. ... MiLB DL - Placed on the minor league DL with left hand injury on July 1-Aug. 1…included a 3-game rehab assignment with Everett, July 29-31. ... 2 HR - First career multi-homer game Aug. 27 vs. Nashville (3x4, 2B, 2 HR, 4 RBI, 10 TB). ... Climbing - Signed as minor league free agent Jan. 26…selected from Tacoma Sept. 1.2014
Hit .188 (3x16) with 3 runs and an RBI in 11 games with the Angels, appearing in games as PH, DH, RF, LF, 2B…made MLB debut Sept. 7 at Minnesota, singling in his first plate appearance…played at three levels in the system: Salt Lake (89 G), AA Arkansas (11 G) and AZL Angels (3 G), combining to bat .317 (114x360) with 19 doubles, 11 triples, 4 home runs and 46 RBI…selected as Mid-Season Pacific Coast League All-Star2013
Appeared in 91 games for AA Montgomery, hitting .262 (84x321) with 53 runs, 12 doubles, 6 triples, 3 home runs & 32 RBI at shortstop (90 G), second base (1) and PH (1).2012 Split the season between Triple-A Durham and Double-A Montgomery...opened the season with Durham and matched a club record with 5 SB on May 11 at Scranton/Wilkes-Barre (Yankees)...was hitting .295 (26-for-88) vs. lefties compared to .211 (27-for-128) vs. righties before being transferred to Montgomery on July 22...finished with 102 games played between the two levels, one shy of a career high. 2011 Spent the entire season with Montgomery...hit leadoff in 55 games and second in 23 games...ended the season with a career high .276 avg. ... led the Biscuits and ranked 5th in the Southern League with 24 SB. 2010 Sidelined after only 44 games with Montgomery due to a right shoulder injury...played rehab stints with Class-A Charlotte and the GCL Rays after the All-Star break. 2009 Named the Best Base Runner in the Rays organization after the season by the Rays Baseball Operations staff...finished the season with 40 SB (2nd in the org. and 4th in the Florida State League) and led both the org. and the league with a .388 OBP...named to the FSL midseason All-Star Team...hit .313 (20-for-64) in 20 games with the Phoenix Desert Dogs in the Arizona Fall League...ranked as the No. 18 prospect in the Rays system by Baseball America. 2008 Ranked by BA as the No. 30 prospect in the Rays organization following the season. 2007 Started the season hitting .100 (4-for-40) over 11 games in June but rebounded to hit .289 (35-for-121) over the last 37 games in July and August. 2006 Made his professional debut with Rookielevel Princeton.