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Inside Hair: A Closer Look at Color and Shape
- Judith Stone
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1 Inside Hair: A Closer Look at Color and Shape For the past decade women and men alike have had chemical treatments preformed on their hair. Consumers spend millions of dollars on hair care products such as dyes, relaxers, perms, and conditioners. These products are used to alter the chemical bonds that are responsible for the color and shape of hair. The chemistry of processes such as dyes, perms, relaxers and conditioners will be explained by reviewing the chemical composition of hair. The Chemical Makeup of Hair A human head of hair consists of approximately 100,000 hair fibers ( Hair ). Each hair fiber grows from a hair follicle, a small, sac like hole in your scalp. The living tissue in hair grows from the hair follicle. Dead cells make up the shaft, the hair people see. There are two parts to the hair shaft, the cuticle and the cortex. The cuticle is the outer layer that protects the hair from damage. If a person cuts their finger, their skin will heal because it is made of living tissue. Hair on the other hand is made of dead cells. Once hair is damaged it is hard to repair. The cortex is made of proteins that are coiled like a telephone wire. Keratin and melanin are the proteins that make up the cortex. Keratin is the same protein found in skin and fingernails. Melanin is the pigment that colors hair and is found in the cortex. A person s natural hair color depends on the ratio of eumelanin and phaeomelanin (Helmenstine). Eumelanin is responsible for dark shades while phaeomelanin is responsible for lighter shades. Bonds Within Hair Bonds are located within the keratin proteins. One type of intermolecular attraction, the hydrogen bond, allows the hair to be stretched and returned back to its original shape ( Damaged Hair ). This bond allows us to change the shape of the hair temporarily with water. Hydrogen bonds are the easiest to break down and repair. In fact, they account for the hairs strength and elasticity. Another type of bond, the salt bond, is an ionic bond formed by transferring electrons from a basic amino acid chain to an acidic amino acid chain ( Damaged Hair ). Not only do these two amino acid chains have opposite ph values they have opposite charges. The negative basic chain and the positive acidic chain attract each other resulting in yet another bond that accounts for hairs strength and elasticity. A third type of bond found in hair is the cystine bond. This bond is
2 found perpendicular to the hair, holding the hair fibers together making it tough ( Damaged Hair ). The last type of bond found in hair is the sugar bond which is also found perpendicular to the hair, giving it additional strength. As a result of sugar bonding, moisture is formed. Do or Dye All hair color products contain both a developer, typically hydrogen peroxide, and an alkalizing ingredient ( Hair Coloring ). Together, the hair color and the alkalizing ingredient combine with the developer to create an alkaline or basic peroxide environment. The peroxide enters the cortex and breaks down the melanin replacing it with new color. The cortex can be related to shingles or tiles on a roof. When hair dye is placed on the hair strands, it is absorbed into the shingles (See Figure 1). The size of the color molecules determines how they are absorbed into the hair strand. There are five types of hair dye including temporary, semipermanent, demi permanent, permanent, and bleach ( Hair Coloring ). Each of the five types of hair dye has different size color molecules that stay in the hair strand for different lengths of time. Temporary Hair Color The pigments in temporary hair dye are so large that they can not get in to the hair cortex. These pigments are acidic. Acid dyes have low affinity to hair meaning they are not attracted to the hair. They only coat the shaft rather than being absorbed inside so they can be washed out with one shampoo. Semi Permanent Hair Color When semi permanent hair color is applied to hair, very small color molecules enter the cuticle and continue into the cortex (Helmenstine). Since the molecules are so small, they end up washing out after several shampoos. This form of hair color does not contain ammonia or peroxide, therefore it will not harm the natural color of your hair. 2
3 Demi Permanent Hair Color When demi permanent hair color molecules enter the cortex they pair up to form larger color molecules. The larger the size of the molecule the longer it takes to wash out. Similar to semi permanent hair color, demi permanent hair color doesn t contain ammonia so it won t lighten the hairs natural pigment. Demi permanent hair color however does contain peroxide which enhances and blends hair color. Permanent Hair Color Permanent hair color involves a process called double bonding. Double bonding first removes the original hair color and then deposits the new color. Before being able to permanently dye hair, the cuticle must be opened up. This is ammonia s job because it is alkali. Ammonia is also used as a catalyst to speed up the chemical reaction once mixed with peroxide or the developer. Peroxide breaks down the chemical bonds in hair by releasing oxygen, decolorizing the melanin. Once decolorized, new hair color attaches to the cortex (see Figure 2). Conditioner is then applied to close up the cortex and seal in the new color. The molecules found in permanent hair dye are so large they can t be washed out, that is why a person has to wait for the hair to grow out before their hair returns to its original color. Bleaching Bleaching involves double processing or bonding similar to permanent hair dye. Hydrogen peroxide is the chemical used most often as a lightening agent. The hydrogen peroxide in bleach softens and expands the cuticle cells while the bleach oxidizes, or breaks down the melanin molecules by the use of oxygen. Melanin still exists in the hair; however, once oxidized it becomes colorless. The natural color of keratin is yellow, so the bleached hair tends to have a 3
4 yellow hue. Bleach reacts better with the eumelanin pigment than the phaeomelanin pigment so some gold color might be left over after lightening. Reshaping the Hair It is not uncommon to hear people with curly hair complaining about how they want straight hair or vice versa. Nowadays, this hair transformation is just a chemical treatment away. Reshaping hair, whether temporarily or permanently reacts with the hydrogen bonds found within the hair. Hydrogen bonds are one of the weakest bonds in the hair. These bonds are formed when an unattached hydrogen atom from one protein attaches to an unattached oxygen atom from another protein. When your hair gets wet, the oxygen and hydrogen found in the water molecules join the protein bonds resulting in a weaker bond, one that is easily manipulated. Wet hair can be scrunched into curls or blown dry straight, which remakes strong hydrogen bonds that hold the desired shape. But once water is added again, hair will return back to its natural shape. Perms and Relaxers During a perm, ammonium thioglycolate breaks down both the hydrogen and disulfide bonds. Disulfide bonds give hair elasticity. Strands of hair are then wrapped around curlers (see Figure 3) and hydrogen peroxide rebuilds the disulfide bonds, giving them a permanent curl. Relaxers use calcium hydroxide to break the hydrogen and disulfide bonds. Unlike perms relaxers don t reform the disulfide bonds which leave the hair straight. Treating Damage The chemicals found in color, perms and relaxers can cause severe damage to the hair. It is important that after hair is treated with chemicals it is properly conditioned. Conditioners protect the cuticle cells by placing a waxy coating on the hair (see Figure 4). Conditioners also lock color into the cortex. When cuticle cells get tangled together, 4
5 hair shafts become damaged (see Figure 5). Once damaged, the only way to restore the hair is to cut off the damaged ends or to let the hair grow completely back out. Small tasks such as taking vitamins and brushing the hair contribute to keeping hair healthy. Reducing the performance of chemical processed on hair is the best way to prevent further damage. To summarize, numerous products can be applied to one s hair to alter its chemical makeup. Such products include color which come in five forms, temporary, semi permanent, demi permanent, permanent and bleach. Relaxers and perms, as well as dyes can cause damage to hair. While most of the mentioned hair processes negatively affect hair, conditioner helps to keep hair healthy. The chemistry of each of these processes has been analyzed thus explaining how one can change their hair color and shape. 5
6 References Brain, Marshall. "How hair coloring works." How Stuff works. 19 Nov <http://science.howstuffworks.com/hair coloring3.htm>. "Damaged Hair." Damaged dry hair. Salon web. 19 Nov <http://www.salonweb.com/pro/damage.htm>. "Hair." Hair. Wikipedia. 5 Dec <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Hair#Head_hair>. "Hair coloring." Hair coloring. Wikipedia. 19 Nov <http://http:// en.wikipedia.org/wiki/hair_coloring>. Helmenstine, Anne Marie, Ph.D. "Hair color Chemistry." About Chemistry. 19 Nov <http://chemistry.about.com/cs/howthingswork/a/aa101203a.htm>. Loney, Dennis. "Hair and the Products We Use Part Two." chemistry.org. 19 Nov <http://www.chemistry.org/portal/a/c/s/1/ feature_ent.html?id=6748ced4cca911d5ea024fd8fe800100>. "Permanent Wave." Permanent Wave. Wikipedia. 19 Nov <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/permanent_++wave>. "Relaxer." Relaxer. wikipedia. 19 Nov <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Relaxer>. Swafford, John. Personal interview. 3 Nov "What is Hair, Anyway?" Better Hair Through Chemistry. Exploratorium. 5 Dec <http://www.exploratorium.edu/exploring/hair/hair_2.html>. Images Astrographics. 19 Nov <http://www.astrographics.com/galleryprints/ Display/GP2125.jpg>. Craig, Robert. Effect Inc. 5 Dec <http://www.robertcraig.com/effect inc/ images/molecule.gif>. Hair Conditioners. 26 Nov <http://www.snowdriftfarm.com/ hair_cond.jpg>. Loney, Dennis. "Hair and the Products We Use Part Two." chemistry.org. 19 Nov <http://www.chemistry.org/portal/a/c/s/1/ feature_ent.html?id=6748ced4cca911d5ea024fd8fe800100>. "Salon Hair Foils." istock photo. 5 Dec <http://www1.istockphoto.com/ file_thumbview_approve/264998/2/ istockphoto_264998_salon_foil_hair_highlighting_technique.jpg>. Schindler Roofing. 19 Nov <http://www.schindlerroofing.com/_images/ tile2m.jpg>. "Skin Biology." Folligen for Repairing Scalp Damage from Relaxers, Permanents and Hair Dyes. 19 Nov <http://www.folligen.com/relaxers.html>. 6
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The 16 Saddest, Most Tragic Anime Ever Created
The Tragic Anime Genre
A popular anime subgenre is sad or tearjerker anime. These anime make the viewer feel for the characters and even make them cry. With tragic scenarios, emotional scenes, and heartbreaking (even depressing) themes, these stories are powerful.
They also often follow a similar formula: The first half is funny, the middle is heart-warming and romantic, followed by a tragic separation and finally (though not always) an emotional reunion.
The titles below appear in no special order—each one is a great tearjerker. After the list, you'll find plot summaries for each series. You can also vote for your favorite below!
Take this Poll!
Do you love anime that makes you cry?
The 16 Saddest Anime Ever
Series Name
One of the most acclaimed animes of the sad subgenre, Clannad follows a motherless boy whose father drinks and gambles.
Clannad After Story
A sequel to Clannad, After Story follows the struggles and heartbreaks of a young married couple.
Angel Beats!
Set in a high school in the afterlife, Angel Beats! follows students as they learn to let go of attachments to their former lives.
Ano Hana: The Flower We Saw That Day
A group of childhood friends drifts apart after one of them dies in an accident.
Grave of the Fireflies
Two siblings try to survive in the final months of World War II.
5 Centimeters Per Second
Told in three separate segments, this story follows two friends who were separated as children but who never lose touch.
After his mother dies, a boy decides to pick up her journey where she left off.
Elfen Lied
A species of mutants is held in captivity, but when one escapes to seek revenge on humans she is injured and undergoes a personality change.
True Tears
A sensitive boy watches the people around him struggle and tries to help, but is unable to help himself.
A young man suffering from amnesia returns to the city of his youth and begins to recall his past.
Chrono Crusade
Set in New York City just before the Great Depression, Chrono Crusade follows two exorcists as they fight demons and search for a missing friend.
Myself; Yourself
A boy who had moved with his parents to Tokyo returns to his hometown only to find the town changed for the worse and his best friend withdrawn and gloomy.
Kimi ga Nozomu Eien (Rumbling Hearts)
Kiminozo for short, this series follows a boy who moves to Tokyo after a breakup only to become entangled in more romantic drama and heartbreak.
Full Moon wo Sagashite
A talented young girl who dreams of becoming a singer learns she is sick and may never sing again.
Ef: A Tale of Melodies
The romantic journeys and tragic pasts of two couples.
Hanbun no Tsuki ga Noboru Sora
Also known as Hantsuki, this series follows the budding romance between two sick teenagers.
Tomoya Okazaki is a third-year high school student who hates his life. His mother died in a car accident when he was young and his father drinks and gambles. Father and son fight and Tomoya is injured at one point, so he cannot lift one of his arms. Since then, Tomoya and his father are distant and Tomoya becomes more sullen and delinquent. One day while walking to school, he meets a strange girl named Nagisa Furukawa. She is a year older than he is but is repeating the year of school because she had been ill. Nagisa is often alone, as most of her friends have moved on. The two begin hanging out and slowly, as time goes by, Tomoya finds his life shifting in a new direction.
Clannad After Story
A few months have passed since Tomoya confessed his love to Nagisa. Now entering the second semester, he continues to meet new people and expand his circle of friends. His relationship with Nagisa is becoming more intimate and Tomoya begins to understand the meaning and importance of family. Unfortunately, as Tomoya and Nagisa begin their own family together, they are faced with many heart-wrenching hardships and challenges.
Angel Beats!
Otonashi lost his memories when he died. When he awakes he meets Yuri, the leader of the Shinda Sekai Sensen, a group that rebels against God for the cruel fates they have suffered. Their only enemy is Angel, who uses supernatural powers to battle against the SSS. Otonashi eventually regains his memory and befriends Angel, but as students around them prepare to move on from the afterlife, Otonashi and Angel are destined to be apart.
Ano Hana
After the death of their close friend Meiko Honma, five childhood playmates grow apart. The leader of the group, Jinta Yadomi, neglects high school and lives as a recluse. One day he begins seeing the Meiko's ghost, which can only interact with him and no one else. She has returned to ask Jinta to fulfill the forgotten wish she made as a kid. Trouble is, Meiko can't remember her wish and Jinta must bring all of the friends together to help. Things get complicated and emotional as each friend reveals that they feel responsible for Meiko's death.
Take this Poll!
Why do you love sad anime?
Grave of the Fireflies
Fourteen-year-old Seita and his four-year-old sister Setsuko are orphaned after their mother is killed during an air-raid by American forces in Kobe, Japan. After a falling-out with their aunt, the children move into an abandoned bomb shelter. With no surviving relatives and their emergency funds and rations depleted, Seita and Setsuko struggle to survive their hardships as well as those of their country, which is on the losing end of the war. The story is told in a series of flashbacks.
5 Centimeters Per Second
Tono Takaki and Shinohara Akari were inseparable as children but grow apart when one of them moves away. They exchange letters, but the distance between them increases as time moves on. Years pass and the rift between them grows ever larger, but as an adult Takaki remembers the time he shared with his friend. As life unfolds, he wonders if he will ever see Akari again. He embarks on a journey to find her and the story unfolds, from both friends' perspective.
A boy, Yukio Kunisaki, goes on a journey to search for the "girl in the sky" that his now-dead mother would sing about when he was a child. He decides he must find the girl in order to finish his mother's life journey. In order to earn some money, he stops in a town a performs a puppet show. Yukito meets three strange girls named Misuzu Kamio, Kano Kirishima, and Minagi Tohno, and begins to suspect that one of them may in fact be the girl he has been searching for. He quickly becomes friends with Misuzu, who invites him to stay with her. Yukito puts his search on hold, delaying the journey that his mother had left unfinished.
Elfen Lied
The name comes from the German "Elves' Song." The Diclonius is a more evolved species that looks like humans. It is said that the Diclonius will eventually become the destruction of mankind. It has two horns and a "sixth sense," which gives it telekinetic abilities. Because they are dangerous, they are held in captivity in laboratories.
Lucy is a young and psychotic Diclonius. She manages to break free and brutally murders most of the guards in the laboratory, only to be shot in the head as she escapes. Wounded, she makes her way to a beach where two teenagers discover her. Lucy has lost her memory and can barely speak, uttering only the word "Nyuu." This becomes her name and her personality becomes more child-like as well. The teenagers, Kouta and Yuka, take her home, but the government is pursuing Lucy.
True Tears
Shinichiro is a very artistic student who lives at home with his parents. When Hiromi, a popular girl from school, moves in with his family Shinichiro senses that she is sad inside despite her outwardly cheerful behavior. At school Hiromi is all-smiles but at home she treats Shinichiro coldly. Shinichiro has other problems too: His friend Nobuse teases him and a strange girl has put a curse on him.
Yuichi Aizawa returns to the city of his childhood after having left abruptly seven years earlier. Whatever it was that caused him to leave, he has blocked out the memory. On the day after he gets settled in, he tours the city with his cousin who leaves him briefly on a sidewalk. A strange girl carrying a backpack with wings on it bumps into him. Her name is Tsukimiya Ayu and she immediately confesses a minor crime she has just committed. Yuichi meets four other girls, each with their own bizarre story, and begins to piece together the memories he had lost.
Chrono Crusade
The year is 1928 and the place is New York City. The economic prosperity that followed World War I cannot hide the presence of something dark and sinister: a lurking demonic force. As members of the Magdalene Order, exorcist Sister Rosette Christopher and her assistant Chrono fight demons, which will stop at nothing to disrupt the balance of heaven and earth. Rosette and Chronos are not just exorcists, they are also on a quest to find Rosette's missing brother, Joshua. Their relationships, secrets, and fates are revealed throughout the series.
Myself; Yourself
Sana Hidaka returns to his hometown after having lived in Tokyo for five years. As he walks the streets, he feels uneasy. On a detour to his apartment, he notices a girl in a shrine-maiden outfit watching him. He finds out the next day at school that the girl is his childhood friend, Nanaka Yatsushiro, but she has changed. Once sweet and innocent, Nanaka is now depressed and sad. Sana still harbors his old crush on Nanaka but it isn't clear that she even recognizes him.
Kimi ga Nozomu Eien (Rumbling Hearts)
Takayuki Narumi is set up with a girl but he cannot follow through with it. Later, Takayuki is planning to meet the girl again but he is delayed and she gets into an accident. She slips into a coma that lasts for three years and awakens to tell Takayuki that she wants to see him again.
Full Moon wo Sagashite
Twelve-year-old Kouyama Mitsuki is devastated when she is diagnosed with a malignant tumor of the throat. She had made a promise to the boy she loves that she would one day become a singer, but the illness makes singing impossible. To make matters even worse, two angels of death, Takuto and Meroko, appeared to Mitsuki and informed her that she only had one year left to live. Now Mitsuki is even more motivated to fulfill her dreams, and with a little bit of divine intervention, she begins her quest to become a professional singer.
A Tale of Melodies picks up where the first adaptation, The Tale of Memories leaves off. It tells the tale of two couples, Kuze and Mizuki and Yuuko and Yuu. Alternating between the past and present, as well as between two different twin-cities, the story reveals the connections all of the characters share, as well as their tragic past. When Himura Yuu meets Amamiya Yuuko, she seems to know him but he doesn't know her. But he soon remembers that he knew her long ago and she shares a secret: He was her first love and her first love has not ended yet. The second couple's story follows Shuuichi Kuze and Hayama Mizuki. They spend a lot of time together, but unknown to Mizuki, Kuze had contracted a fatal illness and has little time left to live. Kuze decides to break all romantic ties, but things get complicated when Mizuki tells him that she loves him.
Hanbun no Tsuki ga Noboru Sora
During the winter, Yuichi is hospitalized for hepatitis. He tries to escape from the hospital but is beat up by the nurse. One day he meet Rika, another teenager, in the next hospital building. He is fascinated by her beauty, but she is very selfish. When Rika tells him about her illness, a weak heart valve, he understands why she acts the way she does: She doesn't have long to live.
Take this Poll!
Which of these is your favorite?
This is Where You Get to Have a Say
my daughters love any kind of anime
Thanks for the list. I will check some of the Anime mentioned above.
Great list - I need to get more in tune with anime, I think!
I love Clannad :D
This is a great list. Now and Then, Here and There is also extremely sad (and good!)
My favorite is a bit older than all of these - Wolf's Rain.
Clannad is soooo sad....... :'[
the Clannad series all the way to after After Story is saddest anime EVER..........
@clannad: Yeah i agree it was sooo sad
I like your lens.
you guys should put "Ano hi mita hana no namae wo bokutachi wa mada shiranai" on the list. it's a really sad anime its about a group consisting of 6 chilhood friends who drifted apart after highschool. one of the group members comes back to the leader to have her wish granted, and to unite all friends back. of course i don't want to tell you the spoillers so it makes it seem eh without me telling you why they separated and why that member is still around
@anonymous: yes ano hana <3
clannad and clannad: afterstory! it will make you cry, you'll fall in love with it.
wolf's rain is a sad anime the beautiful music in the background with the sadness will bring tears to your eyes.
clannad after story is the first anime that make me cry
Wolfs rain is soo sad D:
Clannad afterstory FTW
i just finish watching angel beats and i lost it. clannad after story was good but angel beats took it.
Best anime
1.Elfen Lied
2.Kimi ga nozomu eien (rumbling hearts)
3.Ef a tale of memories/melodies
4.Kanon 2006
6.Myself Yourself
Best top anime romance/drama
1.Elfen Lied
2.Kimi ga nozomu eien (rumbling hearts)
3.Ef a tale of memories/melodies
4.Kanon 2006
6.Myself Yourself
One piece is sad story too......i
@anonymous: LOL!!
try to watch Angle Beats and then tell me if One Piece is a sad story......
@anonymous: Not even close to being as sad as any of these other ones.
My top ones: Elfen Lied followed by Angel Beats - Though i think i'd also include Tokyo Magnitude 8 somewhere in my top 5/10 too.
Monkey is right, H2O: footprints in the sand is probably sadder than any of these other ones, except /possibly/ clannad after story.
Code Geass have a sad end =\
If people like sad anime, they should check out Gunslinger Girl. It's a shot series, maybe 14 episodes long, but the ending makes me cry rivers every time...
Loved this lens, spotted a few on this list I haven't seen yet. :)
Clannad, both seasons. My all time favorite anime series, and I don't see that changing anytime soon.
Elfen Lied is the saddest story ever told. It is gut-wrenchingly sad and way too misunderstood in terms of its content.
Really nice lens, great job!
I still haven't found a good way to get out of that "sad anime funk"
after you watch a sad anime...you all no what I'm talking about right? I have dreams and shit about it...it's horrible.
@hannah-johnson-144181: true how it grows on you
once u watch it u can't find anything similar too it
@anonymous: everytime when i hear lilium it almost brings tears into my eyes
really a masterpiece
@anonymous: I couldn't cry too many naked little girls... i felt way too creepy
What about Ano Hana? It's a very sad one too.
Angel Beats! is my favorite anime of all time. I've watched it at least three times, and I'm going to watch it again soon. It makes me cry every time. It's the perfect blend of comedy, action, tragedy, and suspense/mystery. I absolutely love the art, the story line is well thought out, and I really love the incorporation of music. If you're looking for a really good anime that will make you cry and laugh, definitely go with Angel Beats! :D
Also, Ano Hana is really good! (Just finished watching that)
why is angel beats here? it was not even close to samurai x ovas. it was completely confusing not to mention its childish and stupid story line. clannad was way better.
nice lense, but I don't really like sad anime
@anonymous: its not stupid its sad at the end to me
if any of you have watched Ga-Rei:Zero you know its the saddest anime ever
@anonymous: I was wondering why it wasn't on the list. It was the first time I have ever cried watching an anime or developed an emotional attachment to a main character.
@anonymous: I don't know if you watched the whole story, but in my opinion, it's definitely sad. Especially the last episode, i won't say it's tearjerking, but it definitely leaves you hating the author for a period of time
@anonymous: YES! Ano Hana is just such a beautiful anime and of course incredible sad...
I knew Elfen Lied would be here. It's so sad when they kill Lucy's puppy to torment her. Elfen lied reveals how the cruelty of humanity ends in sorrow every time. Code geass is so sad too. Love the lens! Blessed!
I have watched most on this list but one piece is definitely the saddest.
I'm surprised witchblade isn't on here. It's the saddest anime I've seen so far
Puella Magi Madoka Magica should be up there. It was really emotional and made me cry no matter how many times I'd watch it.
One piece is definitely the winner and everybody who watched it will agree with me.
Clannad after story was sad but there were only 3 scenes !!!
But one piece made me tear up/teary eyed at least 20 times. Guys check it out and you'll agree.
@anonymous: Agreed
Were is the Madoka Magica :P? maybe you haven't watched it.
I didn't even realize this was its own category of anime!...but now I do! Thanks...
Black Butler / Kuroshitsuji was seriously tear-jerking. I am shocked it isn't on here- sure, there are some comic reliefs, but it is still one of the darkest and saddest animes i have every watched, Elfen Lied excluded.
In the 1800's Victorian London, 10-year-old Ciel Phantomhive looses his parents in a fire, and shortly thereafter is taken and abused for a month by a band of cultists. Losing his faith in God, he contracts a demon to serve him until the end - Sebastian Michaelis. Going under the disguise of a butler, Sebastian serves Ciel in his cause to avenge his parents and humiliate the ones responsible, marking Ciel with a pentacle on his right eye as proof of the promise.
Two years later, Ciel is publicly an Earl of some renown, owning a successful toy making company and having the perfect butler. However, he has side job-- The Queen's Guard Dog. It is Ciel's responsibility to rid London of it's criminal underground, solving cases such as Jack The Ripper. Using this job passed down from his father, Ciel makes himself a nuisance to the darker side of Britain, intending to provoke his captors out into the open, and then move Sebastian in for checkmate. Of course, there is a catch for Sebastian's hard work-- Once he grants Ciel his wish of revenge, he will devour his soul.
@bakuganbakumon: thats because onepiece has over 500 episodes while clanned has limited
i've watched all the anime that tearjerking, i've watched ano hana, angel beats, clannad,elfen lied, it's depend's on your own opinion what is the saddest, i can say i love them and i'll never forget the rest of the story, by the way one piece have to much episodes and i can't watch all of them. i think this is a sadest anime list with 50 episodes or less :/
This lens is pretty cool. I'm not up on all the Anime and this lens helped me a lot. Thank You
@anonymous: I finished watching the entirety of Kuroshitsuji (in the original Japanese with subs) not more than a week ago, and having watched Angel Beats and now Elfen Lied myself, I can't say I recall ever having been said in Black Butler, except for the rare moments where Elizabeth is in danger or something. Kuroshitsuji in general is a very disjointed show that can't make up its mind what direction it wants to take, and being that it deviates so far from the manga, it probably can't be helped. It was a good show, I guess, but it doesn't deserve to even be called a "sad' anime, just a "dark" or "weird" one.
@bakuganbakumon: I totally agree with you and im still currently watching onepiece
I have seen a few on here. Most of them I haven't watched, ano Hana was so sad I was bawling on the last episodes. Also clannad is pretty sad, but I don't particularly love it. Buuut the most tragic anime I have ever seen is elfen lied ( I saw this one on DVD that was hands down the best thing ever and so frickin sad I can't even. Its crappy I forgot the name, though) elfen lied was very dark and disturbing and not something a girl my age should watch. But the story had me crying like a little bitch, and still a good anime considering it was 13 episodes short. I also really enjoy full moon would sagashite I'm watching it right now.
Well this is a very helpful list and as soon as I finish my current anime, which is death note I will start watching these animes one by one.
Right when i saw clannad i had goosepumps and tragic memories of my past watching this
Any anime you truly enjoy is always a tear-jerker, for we all know that all good things come to an end...
Has no one mentioned 'Uninstall'? That made me cry so much....
very good anime list =)
Hey does no one think of Sword Art Online?! Hands down saddest anime EVER. Funny at times, too. But when Yui dissapears... My heart is a puddle.
Good list I've seen about half just surprised guilty crowns not on the list
@Sword Art Online!!! Have you seen any of the animes on this list? Sword Art Online is good, but it does not belong on the list.
The saddest anime I have ever seen is Kamisama no inai nichiyoubi, I cried so much watching it especially episode 3. I didn't cry watching any of the ones listed on this site though.
Clannad / After story
Angel beats
Aww.. no H2O footprints in the sand..
Kotoura-san Very sad anime from the start!
Saikano... You will die in a pool of feels........
Like anyone that comment here, I am an anime fan for years. But only this year I saw Clannad. That anime was the best anime "slice of life" type I saw in my intire life! And I search the next days for one like it, but none. Neither Kanon, Golden Time, etc.
I never saw angel beats, air, ef, etc only because I am waiting to see them on the future. Waiting to feel what I feel when I saw clannad. But I know it will not be the same. Good hub.
fairy tail, clannad, and magi: kingdom of magic made me cry
what about basilisk
And now, SAO II Mother's Rosario is on the list......
I watched clannad to the first half of after story, where I stopped, because... it was just so god damn boring, also could not find this sad at all tbh o.O
Elfenlied was making me pretty emotional when Kouta forgives Lucy for what she had done to him, and the saddest movie I have seen so far was definitely grave of the fireflies. Makes me cry like a little child every time I watch it
I think Guilty Crown is a sad anime but I didn't cry so much.It's just emotional.And I think the songs are all great.You should listen to the english version or see lyrics translation.
I think clannad is the saddest and I'm only a kid
I want to add dat I think
Selector Infected WIXOSS
Selector Spread WIXOSS
Are the most emotional anime series I no(I only watched 5 anime series)
OH MY GOD!!! Somebody who has heard of/seen Hanbun no tsuki ga noboru sora! That was literally my favorite anime of all time and yet nobody who I know has seen it ! Thank you so much for putting it on this list!!!
I think the saddest anime is Donten Ni Warau - Laugh under the clouds.
It's an epic japanese production, Donten Ni Warau is a comedy, tragedy and, first of all, live lesson.
That "cartoon" teaches us we should laught in sadness, laugh when we are happy and always laugh!
It's a story about love, brotherhood and family ties.
Donten Ni Warau deserves respect, but, unfortunately, is underestimated.
This list is absolutely amazing but I also recommend Tokyo Magnitude 8.0 if you really like sad anime.
I loved Ellen lied, I cried every time I 'rewatched it
clannad afterstory
GUILTY CROWN!!! PLEASE watch it. My heart is still wailing.
I havw a few anime that you HAVE to add-
Guilty Crown
Golden Time
Tales of the abyss
Inu x boku ss
Red data girl
Sunday without god
The garden of words
Akame Ga Kill has one hell of a sad story. All starting with Tatsumi (a contry boy) joining a n assassination group, after seeing what they really do.
I just finished watching Shigatsu Wa Kimi no Uso (Your Lie in April), and I think that it should be added to this list as well. I don't cry. Period. This one broke through my shell. I'm now finally watching through Angel Beats, as it was recommended by some friends. I might just not be connecting with the characters or something, but it is mild compared to Shigatsu Wa Kimi no Uso. To be fair, I am only on episode 3. From the sounds of it, my opinion will change by the end of the series.
I think Elfen Lied is the saddest anime I have ever seen even though I am an anime freak at the age of twelve I have watched anime longer than all of you have but I think Elfen Lied is the most emotional anime ever!Why wouldn't it be......Lucy like kills his family in front of him.I play the song Lilium on my guitar and I fall into tears as soon as I finish it.....really sad guys.....
Watch Mirai Nikki / Future Diary
Where Is SHIGATSU WA KIMI NO USO??????
I mean , its sadder than true tears ya know .
Just watched Grave of the Fireflies. If you're gonna watch it, bring a box of tissues. It's based on a true story :/
Just finished watching Grave of Fireflies. Cried so hard. Never gonna forget it.
You're Lie In April is by far the most depressing anime I have ever seen, it pulls you in and leaves you ripped apart.
Clannad and Clannad After Story brought the feels. Teared up and cried a few times throughout. To bad one event was spoiled for me. D: Why do people have to spoil things...
Air TV was the first anime that brought tears to my eyes. It's stuck with me since.
I had to turn Anno Hana off so many times because I couldn't deal with how sad it was. Even thinking about it makes my heart hurt and tears to my eyes. I love it and I'm glad I watched it, but it was definitely tough. The worst part is I thought that it was going to be an upbeat anime. Nope. Don't read about it before watching just watch it.
maybe is it just me actually the saddest anime i ever watch is shigatsu wa kimi no uso , myself yourself and full moon wa sagashite but for some reason i didn't felt sad and for some reason i feel boring if i watch air, clannad, ef a tale of memories and melodies, angel beat, ano hana, true tears, grave of the fireflies, chrono crusade and elfen lied
my favorite is on the top :')
Anohana is sad,but in my opinion you should watch your lie in April(shigatsu wa kimi no uso).like someone above said it will tear u apart.I think it is the saddest anime I have seen till now.
Your lie in April is without doubt the saddest anime I've seen. Afterstory and Angel Beat had me tearing up a little at most but, YLIA had me crying."Was I able to live inside someone's heart? Was I able to live inside your heart?
"Do you think you'll remember me at least a little? You'd better not hit "reset!" Don't forget me, okay? That's a promise, okay? I'm glad it's you, after all. Will I reach you? I hope I can reach you."
I LOVE Angel beats I think its what started my love for sad anime's to be honest so that reason alone it will always hold a special place in my heart as best sad anime and I'm gonna argue and say that one persons opinion is work I mean I may not agree but u know if that's what u like and find sad so be it ya know
Sorry meant not gonna argue
no matter what GoTF is saddest anime ever.
'Plastic Memories' and 'Your Lie in April' ? :)
Rainbow should be in top 3 !!!!!!! It is really saddest anime i have ever watched.
guys, you all realize that some (tho few) of the ones you've been naming weren't out when this list was made, right?
clannad after story and true tears were the saddest for me
Put a crying face if you cried during this:
Ushio: daddy?
Tomoya: yes ushio?
Ushio: I love you
Tomoya: daddy loves you too so much.
Ushio dies
Tomoya: Ushio? Ushio!
Shigatsu wa kimi no uso (your lie in april) is, hands down, BY FAR the most sad and depressing anime I've ever seen. It's really underrated.
where is shigatsu wa kimi no uso?
Berserk is a manga/show/movie trilogy about a man who was born from his mother's corpse, named Guts, raped at the age of 8, and hardened into a war machine.
He was contracted into a mercenary group where he learned how to be human, how to let others be around him, and how he could finally find comfort in the arms of another.
Until a scene so horrific that Game of Thrones wouldn't dare try it, where Guts lost everybody close to him, was branded as a sacrifice to the demons of the Earth, and forced to watch as the only woman who ever loved him was raped violently in from of him by his closest friend, ripping off his let arm in an attempt to save her, only to get pinned down by demons whilst having his right eye gouged out.
When he woke up after his rescue, his lover was completely mentally regressed, even being terrified of Guts.
This drove Guts over the edge and turned him into a brutal sadistic one-man army out to violently kill every demon out there with his 400 pound sword, his cannon arm, arrows, knives, teeth, or his shaking hands.
Essentially, Berserk is about what happens when you take absolutely everything away from a man whose life was starting to look good.
Plastic memories should be on here too! Amazing show!
Yes, Plastic Memories was very sad, but i though the end was more beautiful than tragic.
Clannad After Story is in fact a master piece, the only thing i didn't really got into was it's fantasy factor in the very ending so i give it a 9,9 of 10,0
Ano Hana also has that feeling of sad HAPPY ending, which is not bad at all, I wouldn't have made it diferent 10/10 (not better than Clannad though)
Regarding Shigatsu... AMAZING... the only way to describe that. it has not just another sad ending... the way they made it show us how there is no accidental encounter in life: both (the caracters) were destinated to meet each other in order to mutually grow...If you believe in life after death (or life after life ;) it is A TOTALY MUST WATCHING SHOW in my opinion. - If by some reason you decide not to watch, do yourself a favour and listen to the SOUNDTRACK 10/1o
I don't really speak or whrite in english, so i probably made some mistakes - hope to have made myself undestandable.
still have to watch some of the animes in this list
ps: If you guys are starting to get depressed by all this "tragedy consumption" try to refresh with animes like: Kimi ni todoke, Umaru-chan, Gekkan Shoujo or another happy/comedy show xD
Great list! I was just thinking to myself that I should find something that gives me the feels. Most anime these days just doesn't do it, but I'm sure that's because I've worn myself out with the typical tropes.
Again, thank you for the great list! It was very concise and exactly what I was looking for.
There isn't Hotarubi no Mori E in here...
Anohana is the saddest anime on this list.
If you like fillers and harem anime's, Clannad is for you.
While Clannad was pretty sad, I can not say I did not expect the ending for the first season.
It really upsets me that Your Lie In April is not apart of this list. This is easily the most beautiful anime and had a wonderful soundtrack to follow that Clannad can not achieve.
I do agree that Anohana was emotional, I still cry just watching that last episode.
I was told that Tokyo Magnitude 8.0 was pretty sad. It had a sad story, but I feel since I was going through a rough patch in life, it did not hit me as hard as the others did.
I hope this list gets updated soon.
plastic memories super sad... beat out angel beats for me.
Ef: A Tale of Memories was much sadder than Ef: A Tale of Melodies
Very interesting list you have there. Personally I have seen roughly the first half of the list (everything up to Elfen Lied), and the two ef series. ef is a bit TOO artsy to hit me in the old tear ducts the way most of the others do (not quite Air, as it's always struck me as really odd, and Elfen Lied is incredibly sad but not the first anime I think of for a list like this). There is no doubt that, as many would claim, Clannad: After Story and Grave of the Fireflies are such perfect choices for this list that they're almost cheating, while I am also deeply moved by Clannad, Angel Beats!, AnoHana and 5 Centimeters per Second (that last one is actually straight-up depressing). The others you mention are mostly on my radar (I own Chrono Crusade and Rumbling Hearts), but True Tears and Hanbun no Tsuki ga Noboru Sora are new to me--I'll hopefully give em a look. A couple suggestions for your list. First, the movie The Skycrawlers is incredibly, depressingly sad. Second, two of the most beautifully heartbreaking, tearjerking shows out there are Kino's Journey and Someday's Dreamers II: Sora. If you have not seen these I highly recommend them. There are a lot of other shows that'll bring out the tears too, whether it's from digust and repulsion at the depravity of man (Death Parade and Hell Girl), the warm and fuzzies from deeply moving romance (Maison Ikkoku and Toradora) or a visceral reaction from baldly manipulative Romeo and Juliet-meets-Book of Job-meets shoujo magical girl series (Fushigi Yugi), or even sheer, blinding rage (the 3rd OVA to Fushigi Yugi). Anyway, once again I enjoyed reading about your favorite sad anime.
Plastic Memories anyone?
Im Extremely sorry but where tf is Shigatsu wa kimi no uso ?? It kind of beats everything on that list (multiplied by each other )
Plastic Memories for me the best romance anime but also the saddest.
well for me.....i've seen akame ga kill and tokyo magnitude 8.0 and they both were sad by their own way.....but i beleive there are other that i didn't watch bcz i generally read manga more than watching anime
I'm sort of old-school but I would also add NGE and Wolf's Rain :)
Shigatsu wa kimi no uso or Your lie in April is definitley the saddest anime EVER
Tokyo Magnitude 8.0
Is the saddest... I place this above everything else in this list...
Everything else pales in comparison....
I found Clannad so boring! I'm impressed so many people liked it!
(everyone has different tastes and I have no problem with that :)
Where's Your Lie in April
Wolf's Rain is what truly got me. :(
Guilty crown should be the saddest anime
Anohana is the best.. ;)
Cory in the House is the saddest anime.
Your Lie in April.... I don't remember the last time i cried but this... it just, the ending was awesome with the letter.
I like toradora but it's not on the list
Your lie in April should be on this list it makes me cry every time I remember what happened in episode 22
Charlotte one that has been pushed aside on this list. There is a greater amount of sadness than any other feeling, the whole show is a tearjerker. other than that great list!
How is Akame Ga Kill not on the list?
This site described Elfen Lied INCORRECTLY...
"A species of mutants is held in captivity, but when one escapes to seek revenge on humans she is injured and undergoes a personality change."
"Personality Change"
Like, seriously...?
You clearly need to rewatch Elfen Lied.
Also, "Elfen Lied" translates to "Elf Song", not "Elves' Song."...
every time i think the sad ending of Angel Beats i cryyyy T_T
Please don't watch the full moon anime. It sucks compared to the manga. They left out so many important details and plot points and changed things and I was so annoyed by this. The manga is absolutely AMAZING.
Glad AnoHana was on this list, if it wasn't one of the saddest anime, and I cried that much, I'm not sure I would be willing to watch anything on this list lol
Im sad that Your Lie in April' and Hotaru movie, even the girl who leapt through time is not on the list... But what I am most sad about is there's no Ghibli on the list? "The wind Rises" dude
add Ansatsu Kyoushitsu
i dont care what anime is on this list
replace it with that ending :'(
You need to add Your Lie In April. God that f'd me up. I was crying everytime I saw a piano and violin.
Where in the hell is Shigatsu Wa Ki No Uso(Your Lie In April)?? You cant miss out out that
I can't believe black butler is not there it made me cry at the end of each ep I'm serious
i know 7 sad anime that shuld be up there, they didn't do there home work =/
I think that Plastic Memories should be on this list, it was soo sad ;-;
For those who seek more of these kind of genre, try Boku dake ga inai machi :)
What about "Your lie in April" :(
where is tokyo ghoul?
where is orange, Tokyo ghoul, beyond the boundary, the girl who leap through time, Noragami
orange- epi.3
Tokyo Ghoul Root A- last epi. when hide died
Beyond the boundary(w/movie):all!
the girl who leap through time- ending!
Noragami- all!
and there are more!
Take a look at Re:Zero and see how it goes... I am still looking for a really good one, the above is just not painful enough... I know, it's not based on the latest animes and now is a good time to refresh your list :D
Where is Your Lie in April????
You should put Your lie in April and Inari kon kon koi iroha. Its the saddest one I've watched tho, mostly YLIA
there is this anime called "shigatsu wa kimi no uso" its about a pianist who falls in love with a sick violinist .watch it and cry ...
why these all are about dying girls? Aren't there anime which make people sad bcause the male main character dies? well, i just think that those animes show us the reality : women are always weaker than men.
can anybody tell me romantic animes which the male main character are dying?
No Guilty crown?
Plastic memories is an amazing anime.... I'm still sobbing from it and this is the 5th time I've watched it
Yes.... Shigatsu WA Kimi no Uso(Your lie in April) comes on top with Clannad/Anohana/Angelbeats/TokyoGhoul/Guiltycrown/, the Factor "Tragic" is what makes these anime Unforgettable and I don't think I will ever Forget till the last moments of my life
A Lie in April was really sad too Q.Q
Plastic memory too it is sad
Plastic Memory and Shigatsu wa Kimi no Uso (Your Lie in April). Really deserve to be in this list
What about Shigatsu Wa Kimi No Uso? It is really sad
Zankyo no terror
Ipits not on this list but I think one of my saddest anime I have watched was "Your Lie in April " I love the music in it to I cry ed so such to that anime. If your looking for a sad anime I think you should watch it/ try it.
Where is Your Lie in April? And why the hell is Angel Beats on here? I didn't even cry when I watched that.
1. Anohana (sad atmosphere)
2. Your Lie in April (bittersweet)
3. Angel Beats (a couple of feels moment)
4. Plastic Memories (lesser version of #2)
5. Clannad (maybe it was top tier back then, but not anymore. Kinda boring except for some moments in After Story)
Elfen Lied manga was the one that made my tears almost fall out my eyes
Special Mention: Guilty Crown & Mirai Nikki, same reason as #2
Hey, what about Tokyo Magnitude 8.0? I mean, it's sadder than Anohana and Angel Beats. T_T
5 Centimeters Per Second is so boring -.-
your lie in April didn't make the list is insane. yes those are some sad ass anime but this is one that got me going every time.
your lie in April didn't make the list is insane. yes those are some sad ass anime but this is one that got me going every time.
why isnt there kaisatsu wa kimi no uso ... it surely belongs to the top 5 rank
Puella magi madoka magica. that's all i have to say
Ano Hana to me was the best i loved the story so much the last two episodes left me with a room full of tears
tokyo ghoul is extrem emotional
Zankyou No Terror is the saddest anime I have ever seen just gonna put that out there
Your Lie in April will definitely bring you to tears. One of the best.
angel beats is the best so far
There should have been dusk maiden of amnesia on the list
orange needs to be added now!!!!
i have only seen one of these but it is still one of my more favourite anime's in the world which is Angel beats, i love date a live which is a little echii but meh. but in all reality of course bleach would be the best it is really sad at times but meh its so good you can make attachments to so many of the people like ermergerd ;)
Yeah sure I think clanned and after story and even Angel beat was very heart touched anime
WHY IS No.6 NOT ON HERE??????
your lie in April should have made the top 10
This list needs to be updated can't believe you lie in April and plastic memories are still not even mentioned
I can't believe Clannad was on this list, most boring anime I've ever watched
Top ones are accurate. One's i cried during: Clannad AFTER STORY and Anohara. Not included Plastic Memories and Your Lie in April. Also solid: Air and 5 cents per second. I suggest skipping grave of the fireflies, was absolutely depressingly pointless (if you have seen the boy in the striped pajamas which is not an anime, you understand) and Clannad but you kinda have to do the first season before after story. I hope Elfen proves me wrong, but I am halfway through and have yet to see anything other than violence. I have seen 75% of theses series/movies so you can take what I say with a grain of salt, but I think this is a spectacular drama. I've watched hundreds of animes, and when I get bored I try to watch an emotional one. I look forward to this genres growth
Little Busters! should be added to this list. Made by VisualArt's/Key, the same studio that made Clannad, Angel Beats, Air, Kanon, Charlotte, Rewrite and Planetarian. The producers of VisualArt's/Key are known as the "masters of feels." Anything they make is gonna make you cry or at least depress the hell outta you.
You called this best sadest and tragic anime? You forgot Death Note and Code Geass, most tragic anime for all the time, the true hero who died miserebly to protect people, yet people not acknowledge them
Um, where's Your Lie in April? That's the only anime I ever cried of
Where is Rainbow: Nisha Rokubou no Shichinin?
omg i dont get why the anime your lie in April didnt make this list it was the saddest anime ever
what the hell no one thought about tokyo ghoul
Elfen Lied is honestly my favorite anime of all time. It's one of those anime that deserves to be recognized for how real it is. I feel like it accurately depicts how humans would react to Diclonius, and that makes me kinda sad. It is such a strong and emotional anime that really makes you feel for each of the three main Diclonius, somehow even Mariko with episode 13. It's extremely depressing and I love it. It's soooo underated and misunderstood because of what kind of content it has. Honestly, the content was never really a turn-off to me just because of how depressingly REAL it is. That kind of stuff happens in the world, and it was kind of nice to see it represented even though how despicable it is. It shows you just how dark and uncaring the world can be, and it doesn't try to hide that fact. I respect and love it for that, and it's a good eye-opener for people who think otherwise. It has a few flaws, but everything does, and it doesn't really take away from the impact for me. The manga is especially sad, because it goes on for longer and has so many feelsy moments. I'm gonna spoil it, so don't read further if you want to check it out. The most emotional moment for me in the manga was the line "Nana is indispensable" from Kurama after he kills Barbara, a clone of his dead daughter Mariko. And this is after he went through a psychological breakdown where he literally told Nana he thought of her as nothing more than an experiment. That ended about as well as could be expected from somebody like Nana. She almost tore the place to pieces she was so emotional. I cried like a little baby when I read that line, and I'm not ashamed to admit it. He was willing to let Nana die only a moment before, and it took Nana almost dying - and being okay with it as long as Barbara took care of Kurama for her - to make him snap out of it. He was such an amazing character in the manga near the end and I loved him for that line. Plus, it's hinted that Mayu and Bando kinda maybe are a thing. She believed he had died - and he should have, considering he got cut in half - but he didn't and Mayu literally almost broke down in relief at seeing him. And that's coming from a character who is arguably the strongest mentally in the series. Which is actually kinda sad, considering WHY she's so strong, but understandable. Overall, the manga is an excellent read and I'd suggest it to anybody who loved the anime to read it on mangahere.com.
This is a great list so far, the saddest anime for me is Shigatsu Wa Kimi no Uso (Your Lie in April)...
I have a few of the best anime in my mind. These anime made me cry (I hardly ever cry) and i felt so relieved. I wish to see some more anime like these again.
1. Clannad
2. Clannad After Story
3. Kanon
4.My teen romantic comedy SNAFU
5.Ookami san
This one I saw as a kid so maybe my memory is off.... but how about Saikano? thats pretty sad no?
I have to say the ending of Punchline had to be the saddest
Shigatsu wa Kimi no Uso deserves the top spot on this list I think. It's amazing.
After finally watching Your Lie in April, I realized that SAO's Mother's Rosario arc is just an abridged version of Your Lie in April. But with swords instead of pianos lol. YLiA really really moved me.
Where is ToraDora and where is even Your Lie In April?? I cried a lot while watching this too especially Your lie in April which is undoubtedly one of the saddest anime series of all time and for that thanks to Mr. Naoshi Arakawa for giving us this beautiful series...
Going along with this "sad" theme, if you like romantic as well, definitely try Orange. I cried so many times.
Why is orange not there? (New reply)
My favorite is anohana.. It make me cry like a little bitch.. And my next favorite was not in this list and ot is your lie in april T.T.. And plastic memories T.T
tokyo ghoul?
uhh assassination classroom ???
Granted I haven't seen all of these listed (have seen KEY anime listed here), but nothing has ever made me cry as much as Your Lie in April. Nearly dehydrated myself!
Honorable Mention(s):
Plastic Memories
Guilty Crown
what would you do if someone in the world fell in love like a anime. my point is what is true love?, Is love real? and if you fall in love with someone would that person just hurt you and leave you? I love anime movies and episode and vines but the anime never tells you what happens after they get their happy ever after. they show the part where you what to fall in love. and when you go out in the world and try to find the love that you desired is never in the world. i wish i can find love but it hard and different. so if you what to fall in love be your self and don't let the man the choose you. you have to choose the man. and Good luck in life.
Why do they not have Your Lie in April on this list? This is the most tragic and heart-wrenching anime there is!


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BHS has shuttered its flagship store on London's Oxford Street for good, even as the remaining stores in the chain are expected to close by 20 August.
The outlet offered heavily discounted stock, and saw hundreds of shoppers visit it in a bid to grab some bargains.
BHS has already seen 105 of its stores being shut down by administrators Duff & Phelps and FRP Advisory, with the remaining 58 stores set to close this week. That will bring to an end the banner's 88-year history, following its collapse in April this year.


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Curtin members
Dr Eleanor Sandry
|Faculty of Humanities
|School of Media, Culture and Creative Arts
|Department of Internet Studies
|Bentley Campus
|+61 8 9266 7436
|+61 8 9266 3152
|Google Scholar
Brief Summary
My research is focused on developing an ethical and pragmatic recognition of, and respect for, otherness and difference in communication. I write about communication theory and practice, and draw upon varied examples—taken from science and technology, science fiction and creative art—to illustrate the ideas in my work. I am particularly interested in exploring the communicative possibilities illustrated by human interactions with humanoid and non-humanoid robots. I am now turning these ideas towards an analysis of online communication, online ethics and human-technology interactions more generally, although I maintain a core interest in examples of human-robot interaction and human perceptions of autonomous robots.
My first degree was in Natural Sciences, completed in the UK. I then worked in Information Technology for over ten years before emigrating to Australia and returning to academic study, teaching and research.
Memberships, Awards and Training
- Advisory Board Member for the Journal of Literature and Science (JL&S)
- Australian and New Zealand Communication Association (ANZCA)
- British Society for Literature and Science (BSLS)
- International Communication Association (ICA)
- Society for Literature Science and the Arts (SLSA)
- Web101 Web Communications (WEB101)
- Web206 Writing on the Web (WEB206)
- Web207 Web Media (WEB207)
- Web300 Web Development Project (WEB300)
- Internet Communications Project
- Honours supervision
- Masters supervision
- PhD supervision
Research Interests
- human-robot communication in science, science fiction and art
- human-robot interaction
- human-technology interaction
- human-machine communication
- human communication online and offline
- communication theory, philosophy and ethics
- science and science fiction literature
- education and technology
Book Chapters (Research)
- Sandry, E. 2016. "The Potential of Otherness in Robotic Art." In Robots and Art: Exploring an Unlikely Symbiosis, 177-189. Singapore: Springer.
Books (Research)
- Sandry, E. 2015. Robots and Communication. United Kingdom: Palgrave Macmillan.
Book Chapters (Research)
- Sandry, E. 2015. "Rethinking communication: Care Robots as Collaborative Assistants." In Re-Orientation — Trans-cultural, Trans-lingual and Trans-media Studies in Narrative, Language, Identity and Knowledge, 196-209. Shanghai: Fudan University Press.
Journal Articles (Research)
- Sandry, E. 2015."Re-evaluating the Form and Communication of Social Robots: The Benefits of Collaborating with Machinelike Robots."International Journal of Social Robotics 7 (3): 335-346.
Book Chapters (Research)
- Sandry, E. 2014. "Same … Yet Other: Interpersonal Communication Across Alternate Worlds." In The Multiple Worlds of Fringe: Essays on the J.J. Abrams Science Fiction Series, ed. Tanya R. Cochran, Sherry Ginn and Paul Zinder, 77-92. Jefferson N.C.: McFarland.
Journal Articles (Research)
- Sandry, E. 2014.""Face to face" Learning from others in Facebook Groups."Digital Culture and Education 6 (1): 1-12.
- Sandry, E., and M. Willson. 2014."Interruptions: Reconsidering the Immaterial in Human Engagements with Technology."Transformations 25.
Conference Articles (Research)
- Ess, C., S. Sugiyama, E. Sandry, and M. Pfadenhauer. 2014."Communication-theoretical issues in social robotics.".
Journal Articles (Research)
- Sandry, E. 2012."Dancing around the subject with robots: ethical communication as a "triple audiovisual reality"."Platform: Journal of Media and Communication 4 (1): 79-90.


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The title says it all.
I know there is a huge possibility based on the basic principles of probability that you could be ragingly hormonal and PMSing right now (you too guys!) and urgently needing a decadent chocolate fix (or is that just me?). Please, if you could muster up the courage to resist the American way of instant gratification and wait to read my review and the rest of this post, I would surely gosh darn appreciate it.
Pretty please?
With an organic cherry on top?
Thank you for your cooperation as it's much appreciated.
The lovely Kristina + Manisha from Stonyfield Farms offered to send me coupons to try the Oikos Caramel and Chocolate flavors. Since I am a horribly behind the times blogger (I blame my recent obsession with 16th century England and The Tudors: Season One), I obvs said yes, because I still had not tried them.
Until now.
At Target, I was a lucky enough Everythingtarian to find the Caramel flavor (the Chocolate has eluded me so far – review is pending upon finding said flavor).
Upon opening it, it looked just like regular ol' plain Greek yog…
With one twirl of my spoon, a lovingly creamy bubble of smooth caramel suddenly appeared in all its orangey glory on the yogurt's surface…
My first bite? It tasted like I was eating straight up caramel.
But not as sweet.
Or sticky.
Merely creamy, decadent goodness for 110 calories and 10 grams of protein.
Topped with Kashi Toasted Berry Crumble cereal, my only regret was that I didn't have a cold, crunchy apple straight from my crisper to dunk right on in…
It gets better my friends.
We're all friends here, right?
Good, because it is only with friends that I would share perhaps the most genius and delicious overnight oats concoction. EVER.
Yes, ever.
1/2 cup rolled oats
1 container Caramel Oikos
1/2 cup milk (I used 1/2 but would recommend 1/4)
~ soaked overnight ~
1/2 sliced naner
1 heaping T crunchy peanut butter
dark chocolate chips
At least until the next best overnight oats recipe comes along.
Seriously though, this was chocolatey but yet kind of butterscotchy without being too sweet but still retaining a fresh (not fakey) flavor all topped with a glorious pool of peanut butter that had my tastebuds wanting more, more, more…
You can jump for my love AND this bowl of overnight oats.
It's okay.
I did this morning.
Clearly, I am in a rambly mood tonight so let's get down to it before I start posting weird pictures of me or getting really deep + philosophical or declaring my borderline-stalker love for Jake Gyllenhaal once more.
Stonyfield Farms wants to give one Everythingtarian reader a lovely chocolate-themed package of indulgent treats, including TWO coupons to purchase Caramel + Chocolate Oikos for yourself!
- 1 coupon for a free Green & Black Organic Chocolate Bar
- 1 sample of Numi Organic Chocolate Tea
- 1 Dagoba/Eco Lips Organic Chocolate chapstick
- 1 Skinnyskinny real cocoa organic soap bar
- 2 free coupons for Oikos Caramel + Chocolate Greek yogurt packs
- Recipe card set along with an Oikos spatula
Here's what you gotta do to win the loot…
Entry #1: Watch a YoTube video, and leave me a comment telling me something you learned about organics and/or organic farming.
Entry #2: Leave me a second comment telling me the most creative dessert you can think of using Caramel or Chocolate Oikos.
Yes, TWO ways to win.
You have until this Wednesday night at 5pm CST to enter.
Now, scoot your butt over to YoTube, and embrace your American-ness (or don't embrace your non-American-ness to all my international readers) by watching, learning and commenting.
Now there's some instant gratification for you.


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London: New Zealand captain Emily Drumm's unbeaten 63 guided the Kiwi women to a seven-wicket triangular series win over England at Durham's race course ground on Tuesday. Drumm shared an unbroken fourth-wicket stand of 35 with Haidee Tiffen as New Zealand cruised to its victory target of 112 with 19 overs to spare. But the match was virtually over as a contest at half-way with England bowled out for a meagre 111 - a number superstitious English cricketers believe is unlucky. The final England total was a minor triumph after a collapse saw the innings subside to 66 for eight. Only a ninth wicket partnership of 35 between Isa Guha and Laura Spragg took England past three figures. New Zealand now leads England by four points with India yet to register a point in the competition. The next match of the series sees India play New Zealand at the race course on Wednesday.
India bowled out for 2nd lowest ODI score
Tour diary: Typical Eng weather greeted us


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|Siji Joined : Apr/15 Points : 355
Hi All,
Please check the gas and electricity bill readings before paying the money to the association.
We had an experience last month that the association charged Rs936 for our gas bill for the month of April and May 2016. As we had doubt,we asked for the previous reading and it came into our notice that the previous reading they took for calculation was in the month of Dec-jan 2016.
We have doubt regarding the gas bill calculation as well. We requested them to understand the calculation as well but their attitude towards us was very disgusting and told us to vacate the apartment in case of any issues.
Requesting you to double check before paying any bills in Olive apartment.
|Posted On 24/06/16 06:02 PM 393 days ago