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Baseball Basics for Women
Receive professional instruction by Pirates
Major & Minor League Players and Coaches in
Hitting, Fielding, Catching, Base Running and
much more!
Receive a FREE t-shirt*, a ticket to the March
8th Spring Training game and dinner after the
clinic, provided by Gecko's Grill & Pub!
*Registration deadline to guarantee t-shirt: Monday, February 18, 2013
Past dates
- Occurred Tuesday, March 5th, 2013 @ 6:00 pm – 8:30 pm


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Qatar's Al Sadd shocked South Korea's Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors 4-2 on penalties in a thrilling AFC Champions League final on Saturday after they were deadlocked at 2-2 following extra-time.
Former Portsmouth left-back Nadir Belhadj fired the winner into the roof of the Jeonbuk net, sparking delirium among the Al Sadd players and breaking the hearts of the near-capacity crowd at the 43,000-seat Jeonju World Cup stadium.
The home side had clawed their way back into the game with an injury-time equaliser, forcing extra-time, but Kim Dong-Chan and Park Won-Jae both fluffed their spot-kicks amid high drama in the Korean city.
Jeonbuk, chasing a second Champions League win after lifting the trophy in 2006, came close several times in a nerve-shredding 30 minutes of extra time, but were repeatedly denied by the underdog visitors.
The victory brought an exhilarating end to a turbulent competition for Al Sadd, who were involved in an ugly mass brawl during their semi-final against South Korea's Suwon Samsung Bluewings.
Abdul Kader Keita, who was one of the players sent off over the semi-final punch-up, looked to have secured a second continental title for Al Sadd with a second-half strike until Lee Sung-Hyun's equaliser in stoppage time.
Earlier imperious Brazilian Eninho had put Jeonbuk ahead with a deliciously curled free-kick on 17 minutes, but an own goal by Sim Woo-Yeon levelled the scores before Keita's speared shot gave the visitors the lead.
Al Sadd's goalkeeper Mohamed Saqr saved two penalties, as Jeonbuk stumbled at the last stop after a free-scoring campaign.
It was a messy but enthralling game, played in front of a raucous crowd, and vindicates Al Sadd coach Jorge Fossati's pre-match warning that his unfancied side deserved to be in the final.
Despite a barrage of jeers, Al Sadd started brightly with strikers Niang and Keita - both back from suspensions after the fight - impressive early on and linking with the excellent Belhadj, who terrorised Jeonbuk's right side.
And when Eninho scored, the expected Jeonbuk goal glut failed to materialise and Al Sadd equalised near the half-hour mark when a seemingly innocuous Keita cross squirted off Sim Woo-Yeon's head and in.
The visitors then shocked the hosts as they took the lead with a sucker-punch counter-attack.
Jeonbuk surged back, hitting the post from a corner and winning a series of free-kicks in and around the box, before finally being rewarded with Lee's goal.
But despite the presence of ex-Premier League striker Lee Dong-Gook, Jeonbuk could not find a way through again and paid the price in the gripping penalty shoot-out.

subset: commoncrawl


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Sid Richardson Museum in Fort Worth
309 Main Street
Fort Worth, TX 76102
Listing Details
Map It
Sid Richardson Museum in Fort Worth
309 Main Street
Fort Worth, TX 76102
Business Hours
- Sunday 12:00PM – 5:00PM
- Monday 9:00AM – 5:00PM
- Tuesday 9:00AM – 5:00PM
- Wednesday 9:00AM – 5:00PM
- Thursday 9:00AM – 5:00PM
- Friday 9:00AM – 8:00PM
- Saturday 9:00AM – 8:00PM
All the Details
General Info:
- 817-332-6554
- Website
Some Pertinent Links:
One of the finest and most focused collections of Western art in America, the Sid Richardson Museum features paintings of the Old West by Frederic Remington, Charles M. Russell and other artists. The works, reflecting both the art and reality of the American West, are from the collection of legendary Texas oilman and philanthropist, Sid W. Richardson (1891-1959). Admission is free. "Take Two: George Catlin Revisits the West" is a special exhibition featuring Catlin's paintings of the cultural life of the Native Americans, including thirteen that have never been shown in Texas. The Exhibition also features 4 rare Catlin illustrated books and Buffalo Hunt, a bronze sculpture by Charles M. Russell. A selection of paintings from the Museum's permanent collection, by Frederic Remington, Charles. M. Russell, and others is also included. "[Catlin's]...claim on the public's attention was his conviction that Indian cultures were vanishing and would be known by future generations only through the visual record he was preserving. ... There is no body of artistic images of the Indians comparable to Catlin's in terms of being early and influential because of his exhibitions and books." - Brian W. Dippie, Ph.D., Take Two Guest Curator Information provided by the museum


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Speedy youngster Jesse Owens (Stephan James) has a shot at competing in the 1936 Berlin Olympics. But an injury, romantic trouble and Nazi machinations all threaten his path to glory.
The story Race tells is a significant one: black athlete Jesse Owens boldly competes at the Nazi-hosted Olympics, despite animosity from the Heil Hitler-ing crowds and, indeed, many racist Americans. But for a film about a sprinter, it plays out more like a leisurely jog. It feels as if the filmmakers were awed by the subject matter; what they've made is stuffed with incident, as if they were afraid to leave anything out. While there's plenty of good material here, it could have done with a sharper focus.
Stephan James delivers an excellent lead performance, exuding quiet dignity and laser-focused ambition.
That applies particularly to the first half. Detailing Owens' poverty-stricken background, his troubled relationship with a beautician and his training regime, it rambles around with little momentum. Stephan James, a last-minute replacement for a Star Wars-bound John Boyega, delivers an excellent lead performance, exuding quiet dignity and laser-focused ambition, while Jason Sudeikis is decent in a rare serious role as his coach. It's Sport Movie Clichés a-go-go, though: this is the kind of film where it rains during sad moments, where letter-writing montages are accompanied by earnest voiceovers, where everyone talks in taglines.
Fortunately, the tension ratchets up considerably as the Nazis enter the picture. A fascinating subplot sees a hotelier (Jeremy Irons) sent to negotiate the Games' planning with Goebbels (Barnaby Metschurat, masterfully creepy). And once the event begins, the movie kicks up a gear — Chariots Of Führer if you will. It delves into the making of Olympia, the propaganda documentary filmed by Leni Riefenstahl (Carice van Houten), and the political tussles behind the scenes: Owens is at one point snubbed by Hitler with the very lamest of excuses: "Traffic."
It's here in the final lap that Race finds its stride, with memorable moments (Jesse's entrance into the stadium is brilliantly shot) and some heart-stirring sequences. It's just a shame it meanders around so much en route.
A great true-life story is hobbled by some hoary screenwriting, but the tense second half makes going the distance just about worth it.


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If you are interested in adopting an ARPO pet, please visit our website, for details about our fees and process, and to complete our Pre-Qualification Form. ARPO limits adoptions to within 50 miles of Indianapolis. We do not have a shelter; all pets are in volunteer foster homes.
Meet Sofie! She is a beautiful and very sweet 3-year-old girl rescued from along a busy street. Initially quite shy, she has blossomed into a loving and fun kitty to have in her foster home. As you can tell by her pictures, she gets along really well with all the other foster kitties in the home and even mothers some of the kittens.
She loves to play, especially chasing the laser light. She's not picky though, she will play with any toy and any other kitty that likes to play.
If interested in meeting Sofie, please contact us and we will make sure you do!
If you are interested in adopting an ARPO pet, please complete the online Pre-Qualification Form.
Our adoption events are held on the following dates and locations:
Most Saturdays:
Fishers Pet Supplies Plus from 11:30-2:30
Castleton Petsmart from 12-3
Please note that not all animals attend the events; please email us at: email@example.com to check on a specific pet's location for the upcoming weekend.
To encourage and assist existing and future pet owners in providing a good quality life for their pets.
To temporarily shelter stray, abandoned, neglected, abused and surrendered cats and dogs in a clean, comfortable, and safe environment while providing the best quality of life and medical care possible.
To facilitate the adoption of these companion animals into stable, loving homes.
To promote pet ownership as a lifetime commitment.
To cooperate with other animal-related organizations for the purpose of reducing the population of unwanted cats and dogs through adoption, spay/neuter and educational programs.
To further educate the public regarding the important benefits of the human/companion animal bond.
To promote respect for creatures of all species.
Thank You!
Your message has been sent to Alliance for Responsible Pet Ownership, Inc..
You'll receive a copy, too, at to help you keep track of which pets you've inquired about, and which shelters and rescues you've emailed.
NOTE: Some shelters have physical locations you can visit; some of these shelters may only have pets for a limited time, so please do not wait for a reply—just go visit the shelter! Other organizations are rescue groups run by busy volunteers who may take a while to reply. You can find information about the shelter or rescue group caring for this pet, and their adoption procedures, on the pet's details page on Adopt-a-Pet.com.


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Supro 1675RT Rhythm Master 35/45/60watt Tube Amp
TFOA is a unique instrument store, and we take great pride in offering a maximum on service. TFOA is the only guitarstore to offer 1 year guarantee on Pre-owned and vintage stringed instruments. And that makes buying a used or vintage guitar a whole lot easier!
Supro 1675RT Rhythm Master 35/45/60watt Tube Amp
For those players who love the huge, bold sound of the 1×15" Thunderbolt amp, but need a lush, all-tube reverb to fill out their sound, Supro presents the 1675RT Rhythm Master amplifier. Rooted in Supro tradition, this vintage inspired model is loaded with independent bass and treble controls, six-spring long pan reverb, output tube tremolo and switchable Class A / Class AB power amp wiring for 35, 45 or 60 watts of vintage American tone.
The Rhythm Master's USA made custom 15" driver is the most accurate and true sounding 15" guitar speaker on the market, with a full, broadband sound that is never muddy. To create this signature speaker, Supro worked with Eminence to combine the best elements of our favorite vintage 15" speakers (Jensen C15PS & JBL D130) with modern construction methods and materials to achieve a vintage voiced driver with superior power handling and juicy bottom end.
- Switchable Class-A (35 Watts) or Class-AB (45 / 60 Watts)
- Independent BASS and TREBLE controls
- All-tube reverb
- Output-tube tremolo
- Tube or Silicon Rectifier
- 4x 12AX7
- 1x 12AT7
- 2x 5881 / 6L6 power tubes
- 1x 5U4 Tube Rectifier
- 1 x 15″ Supro TB15 speaker
- Cab Size: 23 5/8" x 19" x 10 1/2" – 60 x 48 x 27 cm
- Blue Rhino Hide tolex
- 52 lbs – 24 kg
- Assembled in USA
- Engineered by Bruce Zinky, Thomas Elliott and David Koltai


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OD125mm Electroplated diamond cutting and grinding saw blades is used in cutting, grinding and polishing marble, granite, glass, ceramic as well as a variety of other materials. With diamond on the face of blades as protective segments, it is great for used on angle grinders or stone saws to achieve effective cutting performance. Special styles also could be made upon request. With flange and without flange are both available.
Diameter: 125mm
Delivery time: 20~30days


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Dublin woman killed in inner-city horror crash 'was planning to get married'
The Dublin woman killed when her bike was hit by a truck in Dublin city centre was planning to get married to her partner.
Donna Fox (30) was remembered today as a fitness fanatic who had previously raised money on charity cycles.
She was on her way to work in a pharmacy when the tragedy happened yesterday in the North Dock/East Wall area.
The collision happened shortly before 11am at the junction between Seville Place and Guild Street.
A passing motorist jumped from her car and tried to help Donna but her injuries were too severe to survive.
The driver of the truck - who was visibly emotional at the scene - was brought to Beaumont Hospital as a precaution.
Today Donna's family are trying to come to terms with the tragedy.
At his home in rural Balbriggan in north county Dublin, Donna's father Peter spoke emotionally of his daughter, who was the second child of three children.
"She was as fit as a fiddle. She hadn't been to a doctor since she was a child.
"Donna would drive to Whitehall in the mornings and take her bike from the boot of the car and then cycle to work near Grand Canal Dock," said Peter.
"I asked her was it safe and she told me it was cycle lanes all the way and she was fine, then the gardai called here yesterday with the news of the accident," he added.
"I can honestly say Donna never let me down, ever. She could turn her hand to anything.
"She could drive a digger and do carpentry and everything. She was always on the go, never quiet.
"She lived beside me here in a mobile home with her partner Anne Marie. They were planning to get married and build a house on the site. We are all just devastated," Peter explained.
Thinking back on Donna's life, Peter said she had a love of horses from an early age, and was a competent rider.
"She trained up the North as well, and had a jockey's licence, but then she came back to us here and started doing different jobs.
"She worked in an Applegreen motorway services place where she became manager in the Costa Coffee outlet.
"Then she joined Holland & Barrett and worked in a number of their stores, before moving to the Meagher's chain of pharmacies. That's where she was going yesterday," he added.
Peter, a taxi driver, said when the gardai arrived at the house yesterday he thought it might be because he had done something wrong.
"I wish it was something as simple as that. I never expected the news they brought, but you never do expect that sort of news do you?" He asked.
Donna's uncle Niall said he saw her yesterday morning jogging past his house.
"She was always running and cycling. She took part in charity cycles to Galway before. She was a great girl," he said.
Donna's mother Catherine died from cancer in 2011 in her early 50s.
She is survived by her partner Anne Marie, father Peter, sister Leanne and brother Neil.
Gardai have appealed for witnesses.
A woman who lives close to the scene told of how she rushed to get a defibrillator on hearing of the accident.
She said she was shocked by what she saw.
"I couldn't believe what happened, it all just happened in a matter of seconds," she said.
"There's a defibrillator in the local centre across the road and I shouted to the woman performing CPR that I was going to get it.
"I was running to get it, but it was just too late. I don't think it would have helped - what happened was just too serious."
Residents in the area where the accident took place were deeply shaken.
One woman who saw the accident was too upset to speak and broke down when she was approached by gardai.
Local people placed flowers at the scene last night.
Residents called for action to change the layout of the junction where yesterday's accident happened.
The turn-off along Seville Place is a busy road and leads to the Port Tunnel.
Neighbours said traffic volumes in the area have increased considerably since the opening of the Samuel Beckett Bridge in 2009.
"They need to do something about the junction, it's just a disaster," said one woman.
"There's three sets of lights and pedestrians don't know where to be crossing, it really is a mess."
The road remained closed for several hours before re-opening to traffic.
Donna's death brings to nine the number of cyclists killed on the roads so far this year, a rate of one a month.
Last week, an 11-year-old boy died following a collision with a car while he was cycling to school outside his home town of Moate, Co Westmeath.
A 13-year-old boy who was hit by a car while cycling in Drogheda last month died from his injuries in hospital.
Independent councillor and former Lord Mayor of Dublin Christy Burke demanded that the area of yesterday's fatality be immediately closed to heavy goods vehicles.
"My heart goes out to the family of that poor young lady. This was a death that did not have to happen," he said.


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The Right Knowledge.
The Right Processes.
Our pursuit of producing quality written translations with integrity.
- A comprehensive 18 step translation process
- 8 different service levels available
- Adhering to the ISO 17100:2015 (Translation Services)
- Member of the European Association of Translation Companies
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- Registered with the Information Commissioner's Office (Data Protection Act) (number Z2260118)
Keeping the Right Company.
Allowing us to learn and grow our knowledge to assist you.
The Right Motivations.
Talking Heads' mission is to provide high quality multilingual services, appropriate to client requirements.
- Following world-class industry processes whilst employing proactive ingenuity.
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- Ensuring the client gets what they want and need to the highest quality and in the most proactive way possible.
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Team Happiness is Important To Us
There are people that you see every day, 5 days out of 7 for the large majority of the year; of your life. Not your family - your workmates. A key part of Talking Heads is that the Directors want to assist the team to have a happy, healthy, progressive life in and out of work.
Our Clients are Important To Us
We're just like you. We want to produce excellent work with a minimum of hassle. We understand limitations - budget, time or legislative constraints, for example. We're determined to get your work done in the best possible way, so that you can too.
We're with you all the way.
Our Reputation Is Important To Us
- TH Annual Client Survey: 99% of client respondents believe 'You are better than other providers I have used', 'Your service is reliable, very high quality and consistent' and 'You are good value for money and pay attention to my individual requirements'
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Call 0114 470 1075 or click to email.
The Right Linguists.
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We run linguisttraining.com, an award-winning e-learning business.
- UK winner of the Nuffield Trophy for 'Best Group Entry' in the Diploma in Public Service Interpreting (DPSI) qualification, awarded by CIoL Trust
- Covering key practical requirements, including the UK national standard of Public Sector Interpreter training, the DPSI.
Linguists wishing to apply to work with Talking Heads, please click here.


text: Cowboys' Witten still leading with his chin on playoff hopes By Clarence E. Hill Jr. email@example.com OXNARD, Calif. — Perennial Pro Bowl tight end Jason Witten is Mr. Cowboy, just as Bob Lilly and Roger Staubach were before him. He epitomizes everything that is right and good about the historic franchise. Tony Romo might be the poster boy of this era of 8-8 Dallas Cowboys, because the quarterback is a lightning rod for criticism. But Witten has been the heart and soul of this franchise for the better part of a decade. He is one of the greats of the game, who is passionate and gives it all on and off the field in word and deed. He plays on without his helmet, plays through a lacerated spleen and leads with his chin. The Cowboys have long been criticized for a lack of leadership, because they haven't won, not because they don't have leaders. Witten is that and has been that. Read more here: http://www.star-telegram.com/2014/07/26/5997976/cowboys-witten-still-leading-with.html#storylink=cpy


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Used Car - 2008 Lexus LS 600h L Luxury Sedan in Chicago, Il
Please Call For Price
About This 2008 Lexus LS 600h L Luxury Sedan
Vehicle Location:
Chicago, Il
LS 600h
L Luxury Sedan
Call For Price
Interior Color:
Stock Number:
Fuel Economy Estimates
City MPG
Highway MPG
Combined MPG: 21
Estimated Monthly Fuel Cost: $105.95*
*Based on $1.78 per gallon and 15k miles per year.
Actual costs may vary.
Actual costs may vary.
Send This Vehicle To Your Smartphone
Seller's Description and Comments:
Located at Chicago Auto Source in Chicago, Il. Call Chicago Auto Source today at 773-434-3600 for more information about this vehicle.
Vehicle Options:
- 4wd/awd
- Abs Brakes
- Air Conditioning
- Alloy Wheels
- Am/fm Radio
- Automatic Headlights
- Cargo Area Tiedowns
- Cd Changer
- Cd Player
- Child Safety Door Locks
- Cruise Control
- Daytime Running Lights
- Driver Airbag
- Driver Multi-adjustable Power Seat
- Dvd Player
- Electrochromic Exterior Rearview Mirror
- Electrochromic Interior Rearview Mirror
- Electronic Brake Assistance
- Electronic Parking Aid
- First Aid Kit
- Fog Lights
- Front Air Dam
- Front Cooled Seat
- Front Heated Seat
- Front Power Lumbar Support
- Front Power Memory Seat
- Front Side Airbag
- Full Size Spare Tire
- Genuine Wood Trim
- Heated Exterior Mirror
- Heated Steering Wheel
- Interval Wipers
- Keyless Entry
- Leather Seat
- Leather Steering Wheel
- Limited Slip Differential
- Manual Sunroof
- Navigation Aid
- Passenger Airbag
- Passenger Multi-adjustable Power Seat
- Power Adjustable Exterior Mirror
- Power Door Locks
- Power Sunroof
- Power Trunk Lid
- Power Windows
- Rain Sensing Wipers
- Rear Window Defogger
- Second Row Heated Seat
- Separate Driver/front Passenger Climate Controls
- Side Head Curtain Airbag
- Steering Wheel Mounted Controls
- Subwoofer
- Tachometer
- Telescopic Steering Column
- Tilt Steering
- Tilt Steering Column
- Tire Pressure Monitor
- Traction Control
- Trip Computer
- Trunk Anti-trap Device
- Vehicle Anti-theft
- Vehicle Stability Control System
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2008 Lexus LS 600h ReviewThis car review is specific to this model, not the actual vehicle for sale.
One of the most technically advanced cars in the world.
Longer, lower, heavier and more powerful than the LS 460, the 2008 Lexus LS 600h L is intended to be a showcase for Lexus technology and an icon for the brand. It is, simply, the ultimate Lexus. Only about 2000 units will be made.
The LS 600h comes with the latest full-hybrid powertrain and all-wheel drive.
Swift and stable on the road, the LS 600h L blends luxury, performance and ecologically efficient innovations to make a unique luxury car. The full-hybrid drive system delivers performance on a par with a 6-liter V12 engine, yet with mileage comparable to a V6 powered sedan. According to Lexus engineers, the LS 600h L produces exhaust emissions nearly 70 percent cleaner than the cleanest competitors.
The LS 600h will be offered strictly as a long-wheelbase model, hence the L in the model nomenclature. The additional length this stretched version offers translates into just a little less than five inches of additional rear leg room. Nine colors are available, in a palate of pearlescent and metallic paints.
The interior is crafted in subdued, tasteful colors. Wood and leather materials are used to accent touch points such as the steering wheel, assist handles, instrument panel, and shift knob. In keeping with Lexus design philosophy, every effort has been made to cleanly integrate controls and features without adding clutter. Interior details stand up to close inspection, even down to the stitching in the seats and uniform action of panel covers. The effect is that nothing stands out, because the interior details have been executed at a uniformly high level.
Ride comfort is equivalent to what luxury car buyers should expect. Road vibration is minimal and there is little harsh impact or uncontrolled rebounds, even at high speeds. More impressive is the balance of ride quality, low noise and predictable, sure handling. This effect comes from a new, multi-link air-spring suspension, and an optional active power stabilizer package.
Because of a relatively short turning radius and electronic power steering, the LS 600h is surprisingly easy to maneuver and park. For those who are less than perfect at parallel parking, the Lexus Park Assist feature can be used to allow the car to park itself. Electronic steering also enables the LS 600h to optimize steering control according to vehicle speed, so drivers get both easy maneuvering at low speeds and firm control at high speeds.
The LS 600h has been designed with a full suite of advanced safety features. Many of these are enhancements to the brake and steering systems. As a group, they function to detect possible problems, enhance brake control, enable the car to avoid obstacles, and minimize severity of unavoidable collisions.
The LS 600h is a roomy, distinctive, limited-edition sedan with world-class safety and performance.
The Lexus LS 600h ($104,000) comes with leather upholstery, automatic climate control, heated wood steering wheel, heated rear seats, Smart Card key, Park Assist, 16-way power driver seat, Gen-5 navigation system, Bluetooth with steering wheel controls, and charcoal-activated dust. All LS 600h models include Mark Levinson Audio, XM Satellite Radio, and the NavTraffic display with traffic navigation rerouting.
Upgrades are based upon a choice of three rear seat configurations, which include an executive Class Seating package that converts the interior into a four-seat configuration and includes a 45-degree reclining right rear seat with massage feature, infrared body-temperature sensors and 18-inch wheels.
An Active Power Stabilizer package enhances handling and includes 19-inch wheels.
A unique Launch Edition LS 600h were sold through the summer issue of the Neiman Marcus InCircle catalog. About 100 units came with a three-piece set of leather luggage custom-designed to fit into the trunk by an Italian leathersmith. The Launch Edition models include exclusive exterior paint, detailed interior seat trim in white leather, 19-inch wheels and distinctive badging.
Safety features include the latest integrated safety system from Lexus, called Vehicle Dynamics Integrated Management. However, the Advanced Pre-Collision System is optional.
The LS 600h is longer (4.8 inches overall) and lower (1.0 inch) than the LS 460. This longer, lower profile enhances the sharper, more defined styling and crisper body panels emphasized in the new Lexus design philosophy. Smooth, flowing lines and other aerodynamic features create a sense of increasing speed. The car is more than just visually streamlined: The coefficient of drag is just 0.27. The grille is low and wide, and the projector-type headlamps have blue crystal rings that gleam at night. Other blue accents on the front headlamps, tail lamps, badges and engine cover are unique to the LS 600h L.
Use of LED lamps, which require only 58 watts of voltage, works to create a complex, technical headlamp area. The headlamps are computer controlled. They re-aim themselves to the left or right as the vehicle is steered to better illuminate corners on dark roads.
Wheels are sized according to the options package: 18-inch for better ride, 19-inch for better handling. The wheels receive extensive buffing and their shape was analyzed to create a form with shade depths that shift when the vehicle is in motion.
The effect is to create a sense of speed and stability, strength and dignity, and above all, quality.
Entering the LS 600h touches off a sequence of welcoming actions. With the SmartAccess card on your person, all four doors unlock upon your touch. Open the door and carefully designed interior lighting welcomes you to the cabin. Low-voltage LED lighting illuminates the shift lever. The foot wells are illuminated, front and rear, and anything you might need to find (the Power button, seat belt switches, inside door handles) are illuminated.
If you've never driven a hybrid, the first thing you'll notice is the Power button. With your foot on the brake, touch the Power button and the car boots up. The indicator needles illuminate, the speedometer and tachometer rings fade in, followed by the shift range indicator. Finally, the engine starts.
You'll notice that the LS 600h cabin is understated and relaxed, yet meticulously executed in very high quality materials. Use of fine-grain leather extends onto the instrument panel, upper front doors and armrests. Electro-luminescent Optitron gauges are standard. The center console is positioned at the same height as the door armrests. Seats are 12-way power except for the driver's seat, which is 16-way and has three-position memory.
The shifter is trimmed with wood and chrome, and it actuates a continuously variable transmission, or CVT, that has an eight-speed sequential sport-shift mode.
The navigation system has a 30 GB hard drive. While it is probably not the easiest navigation system to learn to use (there is a large separate manual), the screen is bright and the buttons easy to reach.
In the back seats, the LS 600h has almost five inches more legroom than the standard LS. This permits especially generous passenger seating options. In many ways, the rear compartment is designed to be the most comfortable section of the car.
Three different rear seating packages are available, each with varying degrees of comfort, which allow buyers to build out the available rear space to whatever degree they wish. The rear climate control system is engineered into the car, using infrared radar to scan rear seat passengers for body temperature. There are dual-zone controls for rear seat passengers, directing air through additional rear air ducts in the B-pillars, above the doors and above the rear passenger head area. The air conditioning unit also provides cooling for the hybrid battery, located under the rear seat.
We felt compelled to try the ultimate rear seat package, called Executive Class Seating. This makes for a back seat very similar in size to a business-class row in a jumbo jet, with two side-by-side seats that recline deeply, with a fixed console between the two and a fold-out table. One of the two seats has an ottoman leg rest. It reclines up to 45 degrees and tilts 17 degrees. There is a massage feature, seat heater and cooler, rear cool box, and a rear entertainment system with a power ceiling mounted 9-inch screen for DVD viewing.
The Mark Levinson surround sound audio system uses 14 speakers and a 450-watt amplifier to generate the perception of sound throughout the cabin. We listened to the system from the rear seat. The experience is like sitting in a recording studio. You can hear each musician playing, separately and together, as if they are sitting on different parts of the stage, with a singer at the center, bass at the left and backup vocals on the right. Percussion is particularly flavorful. You can hear the sound of a brush on a snare, or the clap of a drumstick on the side of the can. Once the Levinson electronics have divided the sound into numerous channels, it becomes possible to hear the texture of each sound. In a car this quiet, sound quality remains intact while the car is running, with the A/C on. You could play your favorite CD and hear sounds you never heard before. The downside is, once you become used to an audio system this clean and accurate, nothing else is going to sound right.
Driving Impression
The LS 600h L is smooth, quiet and stable at any speed, so much so, that there is practically no sensation of speed at all. The car feels under-stressed at normal highway speeds, with a huge reserve of speed and passing power.
Lexus designed the LS 600h to provide performance equivalent to V10 and V12 engines. Powered by the combination of a new 5.0-liter V8 and two new-generation electric motor/generators, the LS 600h readily attains a top speed of 135 mph, at which point an electronic limiter gently intervenes and slowly backs the car down to 130 mph.
At 120 mph, the tach reads just 3000 rpm, 1000 rpm below its torque peak, with the red line set at 6500. Because of the torque of the electric motor, 0 to 60 can be attained in 5.5 seconds, even in a car that weighs 5049 pounds. That's pretty quick.
The engineers at Toyota/Lexus can configure their Hybrid Synergy Drive for high mileage, high performance, or any combination of the two. In the LS 600h L, the system is biased toward performance. Midrange acceleration, in particular, is enhanced. The LS 600h L accelerates from 50 to 70 mph in 3.5 seconds.
Unlike a V10 or V12-powered luxury car, the LS 600h is EPA-rated to deliver 21 combined mpg, something more akin to a V6 powered mid-size sedan.
The hybrid drive system uses two powerful electric motors and a newly developed battery pack that is lighter and stores more electricity than previous systems. The system is capable of driving the car in electric only mode, or with a combination of gas engine and electric motor. The battery system consists of 288-volt DC Nickel Metal Hydride pack located behind the rear seat. In the trunk is a 12-volt auxiliary battery to power the audio system, navigation and lighting. The electric motors, MG1 and MG2, perform specific functions. Each can operate as both a motor and generator, although MG1 is used as a starter motor and provides no drive force. The engine-driven generator, MG1, can charge the battery pack or provide additional power to the drive motor, MG2, as needed.
Even though the hybrid is equipped with regenerative brakes, which recharge the battery as the brakes are applied, brake feel is typical of a standard car equipped with strong disc brakes, an impressive engineering achievement.
The LS 600h is the first North American hybrid that can operate in EV Mode, in which the vehicle will stay in electric-only mode at speeds below 25 mph for about a half mile. This feature might be useful to glide into the garage silently if you get home late, or get to a gas station if you ran out of fuel or maybe for use in stop-and-go commuter traffic.
On the road, the LS 600h feels like a rear-wheel-drive car, but is actually all-wheel drive. A computer mixes torque from the V8 and electric power source, feeding through a continuously variable transmission to achieve a balance between front and rear wheels. We noticed no hunting between front and rear, no sense of sorting from wheel-to-wheel as the car passes over different surfaces. There is none of the torque steer that accompanies high-horsepower front-wheel-drive cars, which can be detected in the front-wheel-drive Lexus RX 400h SUV. With the LS 600h L, peg the throttle and acceleration is smooth and linear, with an uncanny absence of drama. Using the tachometer, we were able to discern the moment when the electric motor assist kicked in, but only under full throttle. To the average driver, the hybrid system would be largely unnoticed.
The reduction in noise and vibration is a benefit from the air springs, which can be computer controlled for ride height, and have no metal parts to transmit noise.
As we drove at high speeds on Toyota's 10-mile oval test track, we had to remind ourselves that this is a SULEV, a Super Ultra Low Emissions Vehicle, with substantially cleaner emissions than vehicles with a conventional engine, and exhaust cleaner than the ambient air in some major cities.
The interior may be.
The Lexus LS 600h is more than just a stretched LS460. It's an advanced, intelligent, premium vehicle with numerous environmental benefits. It's fun to drive, but back seat passengers get the royal treatment.
Model Lineup
Lexus LS 600h L ($104,000).
Assembled In
Tahara, Japan.
Options As Tested
Rear Comfort Package, includes rear power seat package, rear-seat entertainment system, four-zone climate control, power rear-door sunshades, rear-seat audio controls, cool box; Advanced Parking Guidance System; Advanced Pre-Collision System; Dynamic Radar Cruise Control.
Model Tested
Lexus 600h L ($104,000).Lexus takes technology and luxury far beyond current standards with its new clean and powerful LS 600 hybrid sedan. Erasing doubts as to the power potential of hybrid drives, the LS 600h comes with a combined 430-hp from its 5.0-liter V-8 engine and an electric motor powertrain. This power is sent to all four wheels via an electronically controlled Continuously Variable Transmission. Despite this power, the car is rated as a Super Ultra Low Emissions Vehicle 2. Additionally, the hybrid powertrain results in a drive even quieter and softer than the already quiet Lexus cabin. Sensors and cameras mounted in the front of the car detect obstacles both large and small, warning the driver if a collision is imminent. A steering column mounted camera monitors the driver and sounds a warning chime if the driver is looking away for too long. The LS600h can even be equipped to park itself. The Lexus LS 600h is a new vehicle for 2008.
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Mission Guatemala was grateful to be able to share a week with an awesome mission team from Columbus First United Methodist Churchin Columbus, Indiana!
Today we are excited to introduce you to the students of the Choquec elementary school, which is the new location of Mission Guatemala's full time nutritional lunch program!
Mission Guatemala was excited to once again host a team of nutrition students from Baylor University in Waco, Texas! This was the 5th group of nutrition students from Baylor University that has visited with us over the past 6 years!
During their week with us, we were excited for our friends from Advent United Methodist Church in in Simpsonville, South Carolina, to join us for an Activity Day in support of our "Becas con Misión" (Scholarships with a Mission) scholarship program.
We were grateful for the opportunity to once again host a team from the University of Evansville in Evansville, Indiana, for the 3rd year in a row!
For the second year in a row, Mission Guatemala was excited to be able to provide the meal for competitors in the annual "Olimpiadas," or Olympics, for the municipality of San Andrés Semetabaj!
It's Mother's Day here in Guatemala, and we want to wish each of the mothers on our staff and all of the mothers in the communities where we serve—as well as each of our own mothers—a wonderful and happy Mother's Day! We're thankful to each one for the life and love and care that they have given us!
Mission Guatemala was grateful to once again spend a week with a wonderful team of volunteers from Advent United Methodist Church in Simpsonville, South Carolina!
Mission Guatemala was thankful to share a week with a team from Newburgh United Methodist Church in Newburgh, Indiana!
After founding Mission Guatemala nearly 7 years ago, the Rev. Tom Heaton has, after consideration and prayer, accepted a position with the Indiana Conference of The United Methodist Church as Associate Director of Missions and Justice Ministries.
Mission Guatemala was thankful to share a wonderful week of work with a team from New Philadelphia First United Methodist Church in New Philadelphia, Ohio!
Mission Guatemala was excited to participate in a groundbreaking ceremony for our newest construction project in the community of San Andrés Semetebaj!
It was a wonderful day of celebration as community leaders, parents, students, and Mission Guatemala staff and team members came together for the grand opening of the expanded bathroom facilities at the public elementary school in the community of Godinez!
This week marks the start of the third year of Mission Guatemala's "Como Saludable" (Eat Healthy) program!
Since the end of December, Dr. Courtney has been serving as Mission Guatemala's optometrist at our eye clinic here in San Andrés Semetabaj.
Thanks to a great group of volunteers from Christ United Methodist Church in Lafayette, Indiana, and Our Saviour Lutheran in West Lafayette, Indiana, the bathroom construction in the community of Caliaj Tecpan continues!
Mission Guatemala recently spent a week with our friends from Grace United Methodist Church in Franklin, Indiana!
Excitement filled the air this past week in the "Escuela Kikoten" elementary school as the teachers, parents, and students from the school came together to celebrate the "inauguración" of Mission Guatemala's new snack program!
As the new Guatemalan school year begins, we're excited to once again provide school supplies to students of the public elementary school in the community of Caliaj!


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Adjustment method for microarray data generated using two-cycle RNA labeling protocol
Microarray technology is widely utilized for monitoring the expression changes of thousands of genes simultaneously. However, the requirement of relatively large amount of RNA for labeling and hybridization makes it difficult to perform microarray experiments with limited biological materials, thus leads to the development of many methods for preparing and amplifying mRNA. It is addressed that amplification methods usually bring bias, which may strongly hamper the following interpretation of the results. A big challenge is how to correct for the bias before further analysis.
In this article, we observed the bias in rice gene expression microarray data generated with the Affymetrix one-cycle, two-cycle RNA labeling protocols, followed by validation with Real Time PCR. Based on these data, we proposed a statistical framework to model the processes of mRNA two-cycle linear amplification, and established a linear model for probe level correction. Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) was applied to perform robust estimation of the Retaining Rate for each probe. After bias correction, some known pre-processing methods, such as PDNN, could be combined to finish preprocessing. Then, we evaluated our model and the results suggest that our model can effectively increase the quality of the microarray raw data: (i) Decrease the Coefficient of Variation for PM intensities of probe sets; (ii) Distinguish the microarray samples of five stages for rice stamen development more clearly; (iii) Improve the correlation coefficients among stamen microarray samples. We also discussed the necessity of model adjustment by comparing with another simple adjustment method.
We conclude that the adjustment model is necessary and could effectively increase the quality of estimation for gene expression from the microarray raw data.
Gene expression microarrays are widely utilized for transcriptome analysis of biological samples from different treatments or different phenotypic groups. However, due to the difficulty of extracting sufficient amount of starting mRNA or total RNA from biological materials, such as rice stamen, it is usually impossible to detect the amounts and sequences of mRNA directly. Therefore, amplification of mRNA sample is necessary before performing microarray experiment to detect the fluorescence signals of mRNA
However, two-cycle amplification produces larger bias associated with higher amplification efficiency
Figure 1
Correlation between position and intensity of probes
Correlation between position and intensity of probes. Correlation between position and intensity of probes for present probe sets in one-cycle and two-cycle amplification microarray data. X-axis is the distance of probe (the
It is also notable that, for mRNA transcripts, the decreasing trend of the two-cycle labeling is heavier than that of the one-cycle labeling, which implies that we are probably misled. Three possible reasons may account for this phenomenon. The first one is the degradation of transcript due to RNA's instability, especially in 16 hour's
A few works before have also mentioned the problem of RNA degradation during two-cycle labeling
This paper proceeds as follows. In the second section, we described three types of microarray experiments and a Real Time PCR experiment to validate the degradation effect. After that, we proposed a probabilistic model for probe level adjustment, and the parameters are estimated by MLE. In the third section, we displayed the bias existed in microarray experiment and validated the bias by Real Time PCR. Then we discussed the effects that might bring bias, especially the degradation effect in the RNA two-cycle labeling protocol. By applying our model to two stamen microarray data sets, we showed that our model adjustment obtained a significant improvement for the quality of microarray raw data. Finally, we discussed the necessity of our model adjustment and a possible application to RNA-seq data in the last section.
Materials and Methods
In this chapter, we first briefly introduced three kinds of microarray data of rice, and then described the designed Real Time PCR experiment to revalidate transcriptional degradation. For brevity, we refer to these three data sets as Data Set 1, Data Set 2 and Data Set 3, respectively. Plant materials as well as sample collection and total RNA isolation method are the same in three data sets. Data Set 1 was designed to show the phenomena of RNA degradation and to estimate parameters in the model. Data Set 2 was designed to validate the reproducibility of the bias from RNA degradation and to determine whether the bias is sample specific. Data Set 3 was applied to validate the efficiency of our adjusting model. After that we established a probabilistic model to estimate the extent of bias caused by RNA degradation during two-cycle linear amplification and attempted to correct for this bias. As mentioned above, the reason why bias is introduced is mainly due to the using of random primers and RNA degradation, on which our model is based. The saturation effect of micoarray chip is beyond our consideration.
Plant materials
Rice (O. sativa L. ssp. japonica cv. Zhonghua 15) seeds were soaked in water at 30°
Microarray Data Set 1
The rice embryos were obtained from the seeds soaked in water for 2-3 days. The third mature expanded leaves were collected when they had just fully expended. Rice seedlings were harvested when they were 2-3 cm in height. The panicles were collected when they were 0.6-4 cm in length. Total RNA was isolated separately from rice embryos, the third mature leaves, the fifth mature leaves, seedlings and panicles with TRIzol Reagent from Invitrogen Life Technologies.
To obtain microarray data covering almost all genes in rice, total RNA from different samples described above was mixed into a big pool called Pre-amplified mRNA sample (PAM) by almost equal magnitude. Eight subgroups were separated from the purified PAM. The half of them were amplified and labeled by the One-Cycle Eukaryotic Target Labeling Assay from Affymetrix (Santa Clara, CA, USA). The resulting samples were called One-Cycle cRNA samples (OCS). The other half were amplified and labeled by the Two-Cycle Eukaryotic Target Labeling Assay from Affymetrix (Santa Clara, CA, USA). The resulting samples were called Two-Cycle cRNA samples (TCS). All experimental procedures strictly followed instructions specified in the Affymetrix GeneChip Expression Analysis Technical Manual.
Microarray Data Set 2
This data set contained microarray data from two different samples, including the third leaf primordium and the third mature leaves of rice. Total RNA was extracted from the two samples. And then each of them was separately amplified by two methods, the One-Cycle Labeling Assay and the Two-Cycle Labeling Assay (Affymetrix, Santa Clara, CA, USA). Two replicates were applied for each Assay. Totally there are 8 hybridization samples for the following microarray experiments.
Microarray Data Set 3
This data set included 21 slides of Affymetrix microarray. There are 7 different stages from rice, including the third leaf primordium, the third mature leaves, and stamen samples at stage 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 (Stages are partitioned by the development of Stamen)
All amplified RNA samples were hybridized with the Affymetrix GeneChip Rice Genome oligonucleotide arrays, which is widely used for rice gene expression analysis. The.CEL files are available at
Validation of RNA degradation by Real Time PCR
To validate the degradation trend mentioned above, we developed a strategy by applying Real Time PCR to several transcripts. Real Time PCR were carried out using the same RNA samples as that of Data Set 1, including Pre-amplified mRNA samples (PAM), One-Cycle cRNA samples (OCS), and Two-Cycle cRNA samples (TCS).
In brief, primers were designed for transcripts using Real Time PCR Primer Design tool (
We designed several pairs of primers locating from 5'end to 3'end of a transcript. The target of each pair of primers was called amplicon. Then we used the pairs of primers to carry out Real-time PCR with PAM, OCS and TCS separately. The Schematic diagram of Real Time PCR experiments is shown in Additional file
Additional file 1
Supplemental Figures.
Figure S1. Position of probes on their transcripts (bp) (away from 3' end) of Affymetrix GeneChip Rice Genome oligonucleotide arrays.
Figure S2. Correlation between position and intensity of probes for present probe sets (By MAS5.0) in Leaf and Leaf Primordium microarray data.
Figure S3. Schematic diagram of Real Time PCR experiments.
Figure S4. The Real Time PCR results for other transcripts show similar trends as in Figure 2.
Figure S5. Estimation of weight for curve adjustment.
Figure S6. Distribution of the Coefficient of Variation (CV) for PM intensities of present probe sets after 3 preprocessing methods.
Figure S7. Hierarchical clustering of 15 microarray samples after 3 preprocessing methods.
Figure S8. Histogram of correlation coefficients between 15 microarray samples after 3 preprocessing methods.
Supplemental Formula. Formula F1: The joint distribution for positions of the new 3 end and 5 end after the 3th shorten A3 and B3: F3(x, y).
Supplemental Results and Discussion. Comparison with Curve Adjustment to demonstrate the necessity of our model for adjusting bias. A simple adjusting method that assigns different weight to probes at different position of transcript according to expression intensity was applied, but the result indicates that direct curve adjustment for microarray data is not suitable and Model adjustment is necessary.
Click here for file
Where CT (cycle threshold) is the number of cycles required for fluorescent signal to reach the threshold. The larger CT is, the less the amount of RNA is. For a fixed j, among all the amplicons of a transcript, amplicon with the maximum relative expression value (
Model Adjustment for RNA amplification
According to the two-cycle linear amplification protocol, for each RNA transcript, it might have been shortened three times from the beginning to the end of two-cycle amplification (See Figure
Figure 2
Illustration for the process of mRNA transcript degradation during RNA two-cycle amplification
Illustration for the process of mRNA transcript degradation during RNA two-cycle amplification. The transcript of a probe set becomes shorter 3 times from the beginning to the end of two-cycle amplification. x-axis is the distance of probe from the 3'end of transcript (bp). y-axis represents the retaining probability of each position after the
To better understand the model, we introduce the notation. To simplify calculation, we first assume that RNA is degrading at an even speed, regardless the sequence effect, e.g. GC content. Let 0 and
As most RNA transcripts are more than 200 bp, we utilized integral to substitute sum for calculation. Then we could obtain the joint distribution of (
i) The joint distribution of
ii) The joint distribution of
iii).The joint distribution of
But for the second cycle amplification, the Retaining Rate function
Adjustment of biased signal
For each transcript, there is a probe set containing proximately 11 probes (99.58% of 57381 probe sets for rice microarray) on microarray to detect its the expression signal. We first define a Retaining Rate for a position on transcript, which is a probability indicates how probable the position of the probe on transcript remains after two-cycle amplification. Before the first step of two-cycle amplification, the Retaining Rate for each probe is 1, when amplification is over, the retaining rate for probe at
For determined
Thus, the maximum likelihood estimation for
Although the above model only uses PM of probe for training the parameters, it can also be used to adjust MM intensity, as Retaining Rate represents the probability of the nucleotide of each position on transcript to be remained after two-cycle amplification. As our model only correct for the bias caused by degradation during amplification at probe level, the corrected intensity didn't perform the background correction or normalization at probe set level. We think it necessary to perform a further pre-processing to adjust for bias introduced by cross-hybridization or other factors. After adjusting for PM and MM, we could apply many existing popular normalization methods, such as PDNN
Degradation trends of transcripts
In the beginning of the first cycle amplification, a transcript is complete poly(A) RNA, whose cap in 5' ends and tail in 3' ends to some extent protect the RNA sequence. Thus, degradation of the transcript is relatively slow in this process. However, when the second cycle begins, as the RNA cap in 5' end and tail in 3' end have degraded or almost degraded, the degrading effect becomes heavier and thus leads the RNA sequence to be shorter
Regardless the decaying speed of a mRNA varying by different ribonucleic acids and its secondary structures, we assume that a ribonucleic acid on mRNA degrades linearly relied on the distance to an end, either 3' end or 5'end. Also, we assume that there exists a degrading limit, behind which degradation seldom takes place. We are clear that mRNA degrades from both 5' and 3' ends. In one pathway, mRNA shortening is followed by removal of the 5' cap structure. Decapping gives a 5'-to-3' exonuclease access to degrade the remainder of the mRNA
Result of Real Time PCR
After carrying out Real Rime PCR with primers mentioned above, we calculated the Degradation Proportion (DP) of each amplicon. The details about DP were described in method section. Briefly, the closer
Figure 3
Real time PCR results for two genes
Real time PCR results for two genes. Real time PCR results confirmed correlation between position and intensity of probes afteramplification. (A-C) Data for LOC Os06g07140.1. (A) The intensity of LOC Os06g07140.1 decreased dramatically in Two-Cycle cRNA sample (TCS) comparing with One-Cycle cRNA sample (ONS) in our microarray experiment. (B) Schematic diagram of LOC Os06g07140.1. Yellow line, cDNA of the gene; Big orange arrow, coding sequence (CDS) of the gene; Green line section (A1-A6), designed amplicons in Real Time PCR experiments; Numbers in the brackets were the starting point of amplicons from 5' end; Blue narrow arrow, designed probes on the microarray. Their starting points (unlabeled in the figure) were 421, 498, 502, 514, 547, 580, 678, 680, 684, 688, and 691. (C) Degradation Proportion (DP, see details in Methods section) of amplicons (A1-A6) showed in (B). DP decreased along with distance from the 5' end and increased when it was too close to 3' end because of degradation and random effect. (D-F) Data for LOC Os01g43520.1. (D) The intensity of LOCOs01g43520.1. (E) Schematic diagram of LOCOs01g43520.1. (A1-A7) were designed amplicons. The probes' starting points on microarray were 2485, 2505, 2515, 2537, 2568, 2579, 2599, 2627, 2642, 2658, and 2669. (F) DP of amplicons (A1-A7) showed in (E). Because there was no amplicon too close to 3' end, DP didnt increase again.
In conclusion, our Real Time PCR results indicated the correlation between position and intensity of probes in amplification processes: the probe close to the 5' end would be underestimated because of degradation and random primer effect, while the probe very close to the 3' end would be also underestimated because of 3' degradation; the probe located but still had a distance to 3' end might have the most exact expression measurement of probe set.
The Coefficient of Variation of probe sets
As probes of a same probe set measures the intensity of the same transcript, we expect the PM intensity of these probes to be more alike, i.e. have smaller Coefficient of Variation (CV). Using the microarray data generated with two cycle amplification in Data set 1, we calculated the CV for present probe sets before and after model adjustment, as shown in Figure
Figure 4
Distribution of the Coefficient of Variation
Distribution of the Coefficient of Variation. Distribution of the Coefficient of Variation (CV) for PM intensities of present probe sets before (Red) and after (Green) adjustment. The CV for probe sets decreased significantly after adjustment (p-value < 2.2e-16).
Correlation of 15 rice stamen microarray samples
To further evaluate the biological meaning of our adjusting model, we created 21 rice microarray samples (Data Set 3,15 rice stamen samples, 3 leaf samples and 3 bud samples) using the Affymetrix two-cycle RNA labeling.
We first adjusted the PM intensity for 15 stamen microarray samples using our adjustment model, and then performed PDNN
Figure 5
Hierarchical clustering of stamen microarray samples
Hierarchical clustering of stamen microarray samples. Hierarchical clustering of 15 rice stamen microarray samples (PDNN) using 4234 probe sets only present in stamen samples. Left is clustering using PDNN preprocessed data with original PM, while right using PDNN preprocessed data with adjusted PM. Before adjustment, sample Stamen 3.1 is far away from the other two samples of stage 3. After adjustment, it is classified to be with sample Stamen 3.2.
Figure 6
Histogram of the correlation coefficient among 15 stamen micoarray samples
Histogram of the correlation coefficient among 15 stamen micoarray samples. Histogram of the correlation coefficient among 15 stamen micoarray samples before (Red) and after (Green) adjustment. There is an obvious increase after adjustment, which means the stamen samples are more alike, as we expected.
Several works have considered the effect of mRNA degradation in microarray during the process of two-cycle linear amplification as well as the bias it caused
In this study, focusing on the process of two-cycle linear amplification and the features of gene expression microarray data, we found two key factors that could bring biases: (i) Reverse transcription by random primers; (ii) RNA degradation in the first and second cycle amplification. We modeled these processes with uniform distributions and established a model to correct the bias. As we performed the adjustment for PM at probe level, one could further apply any kinds of microarray preprocessing methods, such RMA, dchip or PDNN to perform normalization. Note that we could not only apply the model to PM, but also to MM, as the Retaining Rate measures how probable each position of transcript remains after amplification, which has no relationship to binding mechanism. Other preprocessing methods considering MM could also be combined to do further reliable normalization.
To evaluate our model, we applied the adjustment method to microarray data of Data Set 1 and 3. From three aspects: (i) Coefficient of Variation for probes within a probe set decreases significantly, (ii)The clustering diagram shows more reasonable classification for rice stamen samples and (iii) the relationship among them become be much more closer, we could see that our model had obtained relatively more biologically reasonable results.
To demonstrate the necessity of our model for adjusting, we applied another adjusting method that assigning different weight to each position of transcript according to mean PM expression intensity. The main steps are designed as follows: (i) Plot the mean PM intensity for probes at 12 ∼588bp (probes in 98.68% of present probests) of transcripts. (ii) Apply lowess (locally weighted scatterplot smoothing) to fit the data. Then compute loess smoothed values for all points along the curve. Normalize all loess smoothed values to make their mean to be 1. Take the reciprocal of the normalized value at each position as the weight for probes at this position (See Figure S5). (iii) Adjust PM at each position by multiplying the PM intensity by the weight. (iv) Combine with known preprocessing methods (PDNN, or RMA). We call this process of adjusting Curve Adjustment (CA for short). To compare CA with our method, we applied both of them to Data Set 1 and 3. We could see from Figure S6 that, the CV didn't decrease and the clustering of 15 samples were almost the same as that of none adjustment (Figure S7). Besides, the sample correlation coefficients didn't raised much after CA (Figure S8). Thus, these results indicate that direct curve adjustment for microarray data is not suitable and our model adjustment is necessary. See Additional file
Although we could correct for the bias to some extent, there are still some challenges, such as the assumption of the distribution for random primer to be union, which may be different from actual condition. Besides, we applied a simple linear model to simulate RNA degradation and didn't consider the different degradation rate caused by different nucleotides, such as GC-content, which may play an important role in two-cycle amplification. A new challenge will be the combination of both position of probe and sequence preference to make more accurate correction of bias.
With the development of Next Generation Sequencing, RNA-seq is widely utilized to measure gene expression at transcriptional level at unprecedented precision and throughput
Although the approaching of Next Generation Sequencing leads to more accurate results of gene expression, it is now still relatively too expensive. Microarray will still be a feasible way to measure gene expression in the near future. Our method could be applied to reuse the existing microarry data generated with two cycle amplification protocols, and the more biological promising results obtained by the adjusting model will surely benefit the following analysis, e.g. detecting differentially expressed genes or gene set analysis.
Competing interests
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
Authors' contributions
FW and DJ were responsible for the construction of the statistical model, FW and RC produced the manuscript, while RC and SB designed the microarray and Real Time PCR experiments and analyzed the Real Time PCR data. MD, SB and MQ provided essential suggestions for this work and helped to prepare the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.31171262, No.11021463), the National Key Basic Research Project of China (No.2009CB18503).
Quantitative analysis of mRNA amplification by in vitro transcription
Options available for profiling small samples: a review of sample amplification technology when combined with microarray profiling
High-fidelity mRNA amplification for gene profiling
RNA amplification for successful gene profiling analysis
Microarray analysis after RNA amplification can detect pronounced differences in gene expression using limma
Linear mRNA amplification from as little as 5 ng total RNA for global gene expression analysis
GeneChip Eukaryotic Small Sample Target Labeling Assay Version II
Amplification biases: possible differences among deviating gene expressions
Messenger RNA degradation: beginning at the end
Amplified RNA degradation in T7-amplification methods results in biased microarray hybridizations
Microarray amplification bias: loss of 30 distances
Statistical evaluation of transcriptomic data generated using the Affymetrix one-cycle, two-cycle and IVT-Express RNA labelling protocols with the Arabidopsis ATH1 microarray
Cytological analysis and genetic control of rice anther development
Molecular analysis of early rice stamen development using organ-specific gene expression profiling
A model of molecular interactions on short oligonucleotide microarrays
Model-based analysis of oligonucleotide arrays expression index computation and outlier detection
Exploration, normalization, and summaries of high density oligonucleotide array probe level data
Free energy of DNA duplex formation on short oligonucleotide microarrays
Implementation of a gene expression index calculation method based on the PDNN model
RNA-seq: an assessment of technical reproducibility and comparison with gene expression arrays
Mapping and quantifying mammalian transcriptomes by RNA-Seq
RNA-Seq: a revolutionary tool for transcriptomics
Computational methods for transcriptome annotation and quantification using RNA-seq
Using non-uniform read distribution models to improve isoform expression inference in RNA-Seq


text:
Steam is cool.
45 Comments:
Does this work for everyone? (meaning people without a Steam deal yet…)
naysayer is Jonathan's old clan nick from Counter-Strike! My finest gaming moment was headshotting naysayer in the tunnel on cs_militia!
I've always wondered why you chose to release Braid for Xbox Live first, may you comment on that? Braid has been one of my favorite games (still is really), but I didn't get to try it until it went on Steam. I could understand releasing the game on both platforms at release, but why would you wait with the Steam release? Can you also briefly say if you profited more from releasing it on Steam than on Xbox Live?
The last question is more of a dev question, I'm looking into game development and programming for games and I'm curious which platform is more profitable for indie games(although I know that I'll make games mainly for the PC). I've heard Super Meat Boy sold quite a lot more after they released it on Steam.
Wow I had no idea it was automated now – before it would have been too much work for them to host long beta testing builds having to be emailed for every update, so I never considered as a beta testing option.
I've been using Dropbox to keep beta builds synced, but this will be awesome
Hey you have X-Com Enforcer, best childhood game I had…:D (even though 90% chance you just got it with the X-Com pack and you didn't want it)
But anyways about the game that's pretty cool, can't wait till it's out or at least in beta if I'm lucky enough to get to test it for you…:D
Hey Jonathan, do you already know who gets his hands on the beta? Thanks
Frankly the most interesting part of this post was getting a look at Jonathan Blow's Steam library :-) I'd love to know, for example, John Carmack's or Jenova Chen's Steam handles, just so I can peek at their libraries and gameplay stats…
I know, right?
There are a few in his list I should check out.
Not sure it intends to stay through to release, but I had a nice little a-ha with the current game icon. I first saw it as a window at the smaller scale, and then the windmill upon enlarging/zooming.
A windmill framed to resemble a window to the world…
"But this will help us a lot when it comes to getting the game out to playtesters and keeping it updated."
I've heard you say 'don't playtest your game' a lot, I think first from your indie prototyping lecture and maybe the Braid game city talk, and somewhere else I believe.
Because you noticed some people wouldn't leave an area without getting all the puzzles, yet they couldn't get the puzzle piece without building the bridge out of puzzle pieces (and they were missing a piece at that point) and this created a conflict for you.
So you have decided to playtest again or were you joking when you said 'the lesson from this is don't playtest your game'?
The launch logo for the game looks really cool! The mysterious windmill! What secret does that sight hold?! And then Braid was just Tim : )
Also, 3 years in development and is 2 GBs, that's interesting! idk wat it means toug!
And yes, Steam *is* cool! and it will only get better!
I wonder if the innocently low "Hours on record" count for Braid gets up your nose?
By the way, after you mostly ruined gaming for me by giving me a context to understand what enjoyable actually meant I came across a wonderful little gem which really tweaked some 'joyous discovery' feelings. It would appear not be be in your Library:
"I'd been wanting to do this for a while, but the game's ability to run in full-release mode had been broken for a while. From day to day, we run the game with unpackaged data files, because we change them a lot. "
Is there any sort of data processing pipeline for your day-to-day debug builds? What is the rough time for a fully optimized release/final compile for one target plus packaging/building assets from your intermediate source(s)? Do you have your project compiling into separate .dlls for debug builds to reduce iteration time, or is it small enough to keep as a static build even while developing?
Apologies if you've addressed any of these before. I've worked on projects that range from student efforts using one-off engines and lots of open source libraries to currently a Frostbite2 game with an enormous code base and high number of external dependencies. At least in my limited experience, the iteration times increase proportionally with the level of complexity of the underlying tools/runtime and I am suspicious of whether Epic will be able to deliver on their promise of having the best of both worlds.
Wow, I can see what Hecker meant when he said John plays lots of games. I'm tempted to joke that's where most of 'the Witness' budget went. Zing!
Reading this article: EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEeawwww.
Still, expectantly awaiting release! :D
Hey Jonathan,
With all this talk lately about how great Steam is and news of how indie developers are increasingly unhappy with the way Microsoft is running their Live service, it has left me wondering if the Witness will make it to Xbox Live and if it does will it be a shell of the PC/Steam release? I know PC is the king of gaming and I would install Steam if not only to play The Witness but for some reason I just find playing on the console more enjoyable. I'm hoping the market size of the Xbox will at least guarantee a release but will Microsoft stop it from being the game it could be?
Considering how much you seem to praise Steam, I would like to know what your stance is on Windows 8. As you probably already know, Valve's Gabe Newell slammed the platform, and some people in the game industry seem to share his sentiment as well. I think this hostility seems to stem from the possibility that services like Steam may not be welcome in the Windows ecosystem for much longer, and that Microsoft is pushing the distribution of apps (including games) into the Windows Store at the expense of other distribution channels.
I'd like to know if you think Steam still has a future on the platform, and if not, what do you think of the Windows Store as the single distribution channel for games on Windows? Would you put Braid or The Witness on their store?
How easy does steam make it for you to hand out serial keys and such things in this phase of development? Do you have a magical key generator that spits out keys for you?
When I saw this post I was like "aha!" and then I read it and was like "oh." It's still pretty awesome though, it's one step closer to the game being released ;)
By the way, how difficult is it to get a game accepted by Steam? Do you need to meet certain criteria, does your game need certain specifications, or does it just have to be "good"? Was it easier to get The Witness accepted since you already did it with Braid?
Will you be attending Freeplay 2012?
Have you considered setting up pre-orders on Steam? It seems a weird quirk of human psychology but some people like to pay in advance even when it's logically in their best interest to wait and see if it's still the best choice when it comes out. If you've worked out your pricing already it might be advantageous.
Will you be releasing a non-steam, DRM-free version of this like you did with Braid? If so, you've got another day-one purchase from me.
I really hope you will also publish the game with either a non-Steamworks DRM or DRM-free on other platforms. Because contrary to you, I hate Steam with a passion. It may be handy for you but I hate the fact that I have to rely on the whims of the Steam service to play games that I OWN (or do I? It's not that clear seeing how locked off everything is with Steam…).
Fortunately for me (because I now have a reason to follow through on the practical consequences), the last update broke my Steam client. The last time that happened, I actually went into safe mode and whatnot to fix it. But not this time. No more Steam. And I have to say I was very disappointed when I heard that you support it. Especially because I agree with basically everything else I've heard you say so far. But in my eyes, Steam is yet another quasi-monopolistic giant hurting consumers' rights in major ways and should be fought tooth and nail because of it.
Jon, we really like to play it on XBLA. And I'm sure there would be many like myself out there.
I am not saying that you shouldn't dev for PC, I am not saying it wouldn't be successful but you would be missing out part of gaming crowd who like to play games from the couch and have invested in a dedicated gaming console.
You could put a poll on the site asking users which platform they would like to play it on.
Any chance you could hook a PC up to your television and play with a game pad?
Unfortunately, I don't have a gaming pc/laptop which can run this.
Nor do I :(
Maybe by the time it's finished I will be able to upgrade.
Need this game !! Now !! I love you !! You are a genius !! Braid was amazing, this one seems 3 times better !!!!
Ya man. It looks amazing, it might be double the fun compared to Layton. But would I get to play it? I really doubt. Despite owning 2 gaming consoles, 2 handhelds and 2 more consoles (ouya and wiiu) coming home. iSad.
As a new player of the game (CS:GO!), unfortunately, it has come to my attention cs_militia is no longer a part of the rotation of in-game maps. A shame, I feel as if I"m missing out!


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Channing Tatum and Jimmy Fallon Arm Wrestle [VIDEO]
Channing Tatum ('22 Jump Street') is challenged to an arm wrestling match by Jimmy Fallon on 'The Tonight Show.'
Channing Tatum ('22 Jump Street') is challenged to an arm wrestling match by Jimmy Fallon on 'The Tonight Show.'
Well we had to know this was coming.
Jimmy Fallon's hilarious videos luckily haven't stopped just because he's now hosting The Tonight Show instead of Late Night! His latest covers one of the most talked about songs of the moment!
Jimmy Fallon took over as host of The Tonight Show this week, and he's already off to a great start.
He's definitely a great choice for the show, and bits like this one show exactly why.
The Rutgers Drumline was part of Jimmy Fallon's debut as host of the "Tonight Show" on Monday night.
Jimmy Fallon closed his final episode of 'Late Night With Jimmy Fallon' last night (Feb. 7) by performing an awesome rendition of 'The Weight' with the Muppets.
It's the story Chris Christie wishes would just go away, but the hits keep coming, even from his favorite musician!
Jimmy Fallon's backstage classroom instrument cover songs have become one of my favorite things on the web.
The latest video might be the cutest one yet, as he teams up with his house band The Roots and the cast of Sesame Street.
Well, there's no stopping the train now, knock on wood. It will be some months until reigning late night king Jay Leno abdicates the 'Tonight Show' throne to Jimmy Fallon, changing the title to 'The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon' in the process, but at long last, Leno finally has his official February exit date.
One of my favorite things about Jimmy Fallon is that he never takes himself too seriously, and clearly has a lot of fun doing what he does on 'Late Night.'
His backstage classroom instrument cover videos have become web sensations, and this latest one is no different as he takes on Robin Thicke's 'Blurred Lines.'
Attention Flashbackers: Jesse and the Rippers from Full House are coming back to TV!
With the dust from the purported "Late Night Wars" now settled, 'SNL' vet and 'Late Show' host Jimmy Fallon is set to take over 'The Tonight Show' from Jay Leno come spring 2014, but what changes to the franchise can fans expect? Apart from the major move from Los Angeles back to New York, what other modifications has Fallon made to 'The Tonight Show'?


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This the shortest mainstream calculus book available. The authors make effective use of computing technology, graphics, and applications, and provide at least two technology projects per chapter. This popular book is correct without being excessively rigorous, up-to-date without being faddish. Maintains a strong geometric and conceptual focus.
Emphasizes explanation rather than detailed proofs. Presents definitions consistently throughout to maintain a clear conceptual framework. Provides hundreds of new problems, including problems on approximations, functions defined by tables, and conceptual questions. Ideal for readers preparing for the AP Calculus exam or who want to brush up on their calculus with a no-nonsense, concisely written book.
2. Functions and Limits.
3. The Derivative.
4. Applications of the Derivative.
5. The Integral.
6. Applications of the Integral.
7. Transcendental Functions.
8. Techniques of Integration.
9. Indeterminate Forms and Improper Integrals.
10. Infinite Series.
11. Numerical Methods, Approximations.
12. Conics and Polar Coordinates.
13. Geometry in the Plane, Vectors.
14. Geometry in Space, Vectors.
15. The Derivative in n-Space.
16. The Integral in n-Space.
17. Vector Calculus.
18. Differential Equations.
Edwin J. Purcell / Dale Varberg & Rigdon
8th Edition
0130811378 | 9780130811370
eBook | Solution Manual
English | Spanish


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|Message view
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|« Date » · « Thread »
|Gilles Sadowski <gil...@harfang.homelinux.org>
|Re: [math] redesigning the optimization/estimation packages
|Wed, 14 Jan 2009 23:27:02 GMT
Hello. > > > The standard term in mathematical software is solver for the object that > > > does it, solve for the method it does and root or result for the final > > > output. In my opinion, "rootfinders" and "minimumfinders" are clearer; hence the suggestion "root" and "minimum" for a short but unambiguous Java package name. Also, I would think that, in mathematics (perhaps even more in software), there are many things called "solver". ;-) The package naming is supposed to help the user find its way towards the classes (s)he is looking for. >From another point-of-view, I always wonder how helpful it is to have a package named "solver" (for example) and find that it contains classes like "FooSolver" and "BarSolver". Why not just have "Foo" and "Bar" then? I know that this could possibly lead to names clashing; hence I actually don't suggest to remove the "Solver" suffix for the classes in that package. But already having that (mathematically correct) suffix, for the classes and interfaces, enables the developer to provide an *additional* hint to the user, with the package name. Best, Gilles P.S. I wouldn't fight over these name changes but since the refactoring was already suggested, I thought that this argument might have some value. --------------------------------------------------------------------- To unsubscribe, e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com For additional commands, e-mail: email@example.com
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Naveed Akram
Naveed Akram (15 December 1973 / London, England)
Poems by Naveed Akram : 1958 / 5514
His Face Falling - Poem by Naveed Akram
Maybe the face, maybe the face,
It subsides and loathes never itself,
Liking its licking contortions like a leaf,
Falling cheeks and falling branches.
Sudden air fills the room of a sanctuary,
God has blessed the deathly sleepers,
Fumed by the prospect of the Hereafter.
You desire HIs Face, but find a solution
To the puzzle that Satan has not accomplished.
Treasure awaits and looms beyond the shrunken path,
A straight path pierces the sight,
A straight road leads to adventure
So bright and divine that lights come forward.
Listen to this poem:
Poems by Naveed Akram : 1958 / 5514
Comments about His Face Falling by Naveed Akram
Read this poem in other languages
This poem has not been translated into any other language yet.
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Poem Submitted: Tuesday, January 7, 2014
Poem Edited: Wednesday, January 8, 2014
Naveed Akram's Other Poems
Famous Poems
Phenomenal Woman
Maya Angelou
Still I Rise
Maya Angelou
The Road Not Taken
Robert Frost
If You Forget Me
Pablo Neruda
Langston Hughes
Annabel Lee
Edgar Allan Poe
Caged Bird
Maya Angelou
Rudyard Kipling
Stopping By Woods On A Snowy Evening
Robert Frost
A Dream Within A Dream
Edgar Allan Poe


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Perhaps the most beautiful thing about the DCMA gardens and grounds is the view. Each garden area commands a different view of the surrounding hills and rural countryside. Go into the museum building and go to the top of the silo, you get a unique opportunity to view gardens as the birds see them!
The plants and trees on the DCMA grounds are groomed to compliment a rural barn so the gardens are less formal than if the buildings were in an urban setting. The plant types are historic, including the apple orchard and rose bushes. Most of the plant materials were transplanted from abandoned farmsteads throughout Dufferin county when the building was constructed in 1994. They provide colour and smell to the outdoor space throughout the season. A special rock berm is featured to serve as an outdoor gathering area for students when we are teaching about the natural history of the area. A working windmill, stonework, fences, art and abandoned farm equipment are placed about the 5 acre site to encourage our many visitors to explore the outside as well as the inside of the Dufferin County Museum and Archives. Outside paths are accessible for wheelchairs and picnic tables are available.
The DCMA grounds are home to dozens of varieties of heritage flowers, plants and shrubs – native to our area c. 1900 – and arranged in distinct gardens and groupings, all connected by a series of accessible paths. There are countless vistas and vantage points throughout the property, providing interesting backdrops for bird watching and photography.
Our north flower/perennial garden features a quaint pathway through floral splendour, custom arbors created by a local iron artist, small stone sitting area, and some of the nicest, sweeping views of the Mulmur Township countryside in our area.The property is also home to examples of antique farm machinery, inter-connecting trails, benches and driveshed, which give our visitors as much to explore outdoors as inside the museum!
Maple Trees
The mature maple trees around Historic Corbetton Church once lined the 6th Line of Mulmur, which originally ran through the museum site. When Airport Road was built during the 1960s, it was realigned creating the wedge shaped lot that became the museum site. When the church was moved to the museum grounds, it was placed on the old road bed where the sheltering trees made it look like it had always stood there.
Apple Orchard
Nearby is the apple orchard, complete with plantings of dwarf versions of heritage apples. The apple orchards of Dufferin were planted primarily by settlers from the north of Ireland where County Armagh is the apple-growing heart of the United Kingdom. Take the time to read the wonderful names of old varieties planted here, whether it's "Maiden's Blush," "Alexander," or "Yellow Transparent" each apple had a flavour and use as individual as its name.
Limestone rocks and berm (south end of grounds)
The rocks were gathered from property along the Niagara Escarpment at Mono Centre and moved here to create our own little escarpment "outcrop." Visitors get to experience the pleasure of clambering over the rocks or simply sitting and sunning themselves. The sheltered area also serves as an outdoor programme area. Sumachs and other plants are naturalizing this environment.
Scrap Sculpture collage, building entrance
During the construction of the DCMA, part of the collection of our forerunner, the Dufferin County Historical Society, was destroyed by fire. Some metal items were retrieved from the ashes. John and Albert Endeman, Ironworks, Mono Mills, created these two collages to pay tribute to many donors who lost family pieces in the fire.
Historic Corbetton Church is a quaint country church that was relocated from the community of Corbetton in Melancthon Township to the grounds of the Dufferin county Museum in 1999. Its relocation and subsequent restoration represents one of the largest preservation projects undertaken by the DCMA, and paid for exclusively through donations of funds, time and materials; no tax dollars were used to cover the project's $250,000 price tag. Today, Historic Corbetton Church proudly stands on the north end of the DCMA grounds, as both a fine example of early rural church architecture, and what can be achieved through community co-operation and involvement.
Historic Corbetton Church is now non-denominational, and used regularly for a variety of special events, programs, lectures and ceremonies, including weddings, memorials and baptisms. Historic Corbetton Church is available to rent by the public.


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Just wanted to share a little problem I'm having with the Flashcards. I enjoy listening to the audio first, then guessing the meaning, but the audio seems to be quite unstable. Sometimes the words will play automatically, sometimes you'll have to wait a few seconds, and sometimes the audio just doesn't play at all. Not sure if anyone else has experienced this. Anyways, just wanted to let you know of the issue, thanks!
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Albert I, Count of Namur
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Albert I (died ca. 1011) was the son of Robert I, Count of Lomme. He became Count of Namur in 998.
He married Ermengarde, daughter of Charles, Duke of Lower Lorraine, and had the following children:
- Robert II, Count of Namur died without issue and was succeeded by his younger brother Albert
- Albert II, Count of Namur was father of Hedwige of Namur, who married Gerard, Duke of Lorraine. They were the great-great-grandparents of Beatrice, who married Emperor Frederick Barbarossa.
- Liutgard of Namur
- Medieval Lands Project on Albert I, Count of Namur
- Ancestral Roots of Certain American Colonists Who Came to America Before 1700 by Frederick Lewis Weis: Seventh Edition, Lines 149-20, 164-24
|This biography of a member of a European royal house is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.


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About the Book
looks is a personal portfolio with pictures about dance performed in the study's senior author, in urban landscapes and the Castillo de San Felipe, Ferrol (Spain). Some pictures contain poetic messages written by the Cuban poet Joel Villariño Ordonez.
The photos are intended to show the artistic beauty of the dance and the difficulty in executing movements that ballet dancers staged with art and elegance to the camera.
Looks are the winks and blinks pupils in their desire photographer wants to capture the eyes of the other, looks are the desired photos, disturbing glances, looks beautiful, deep eyes, cheerful eyes, sad eyes, eyes that look, glances look at us. From the looks eyes looking up found, the photographer will clik giñando with your camera found the most beautiful eyes.
Done in the summer of 2013.
Features & Details
- Category Fine Art Photography
Standard Portrait, 7.75×9.75 in, 20×25 cm
100 Pages
- Publish Date Nov 08, 2013
- Language Spanish
- Tags Photography, dance, ballet, poetry, photos
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Spring is not my most favourite season of the year, but yet I find it very pleasant. The nature is waking up from a long long sleep and everything seems suddenly alive. And it's the transformation I am so fascinated by…
The days are much longer than they are in winter and there's light outside when you wake up. This is very important to me, because it makes starting a new day much easier. Waking up in winter means waking up to darkness. It leaves me with the feeling it's still night and I should be asleep, only that it's 8 o'clock in the morning.
The sun is shining more and more and it's starting to get warmer as well. I can enjoy my walks in a park again, which I've missed during the winter. I also love to hear the birds singing. It's the type of sound that makes you smile somehow and your day gets immediately better.
I didn't realise how much I've loved the sight of fresh grass growing. I walked home from school and I was passing a block of flats and in front of it there was a square of dirt with the fresh grass. It was so bright green and tiny and adorable in a way.
You can also notice first flowers growing, especially at parks. And not only wild flowers are to recognise, but also cut flowers in flower shops. My mum bought me a tiny flower in a glass to look after at the halls of residence and it makes the room so much brighter and a happier place.
The next thing I really appreciate after the winter's gone is the change of wardrobe. I can wear skirts and lighter clothes again, not having to put on as much as possible so as not to freeze my bottom off. And that's bringing to mind pastels. I love pastels, they seem so refreshing and cute. Especially pastel green, but I also love the blues, yellows and pinks. Orange is pretty as well.
I also love floral designs on clothing. And I noticed there's a huge amount of yellow on women's clothing lately, so maybe I'm going to please myself with a piece. :)
The last thing I wanted to mention, and it is probably the most important one, is that people are suddenly very happy. They greet you with a smile and are so nice to you, which makes you be nice to them and everybody is nice and happy and I love it. I don't know if it's only in spring or what, but I'd like it to be that way during all the seasons. It makes life so much better.
Have a beautiful day! oo


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Castilnegro rankings
Difficulty ranking world: 4688 (all)
Ranking Spain: 548 (all)
Difficulty score: 54.94 what?
Castilnegro ratings
(rate it)
The Castilnegro is situated in Castilla-La Mancha.
Starting from N 430 - km 234.7,
the Castilnegro ascent is 4.2 km long. Over this distance, you climb 372 heightmeters.
The average percentage thus is 8.9 %.
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This shoot is just pop art brilliance. Nomi Ansari does colors like no one else and while this collection did not seem so wearable even on the runway, i think this was one of those collection whose pop art and color pop influences would only shine through a shoot as beautiful as this. Diva Magazine produces amazing quality content and this is high quality fashion at its best in Pakistan
, by Haseeb Sultan


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Planning Committee
Monday 12 October 2015 2:00 PM
Walton Suite, Guildhall, Winchester
Reconvened meeting date from the adjourned meeting of the Special Planning Committee (North Whiteley Urban Extension) held on 10 September 2015.
Please note that although members of the public are welcome to attend, there will be no further opportunity to make representation to the Committee, as representations would have been heard at the original Planning Committee held on 10 September 2015.
This particular Planning Committee's membership is drawn only from those Planning Committee members (including deputies) who attended the Committee held on 10 September 2015. Only those present at this Committee will be able to vote on the application.
This particular Planning Committee will therefore comprise of the following Members:-
Chairman: Councillor L Ruffell (Conservative)
Vice Chairman: Councillor Tait (Conservative)
Councillor Jeffs
Councillor McLean
Coucillor Lipscomb (deputising for Cllr Dibden)
Liberal Democrat:
Councillor Johnston
Councillor Scott
Claire Buchanan
Position: Senior Democratic Services Officer
Telephone: 01962 848 438
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Dave Shaw
Position: Principal Democratic Services Officer
Telephone: 01962 848221
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Minutes and Related Downloads
Business Items
4 - Where appropriate, to accept the Update Sheet as an addendum to the Report.
5 - North Whiteley Urban Extension
Addendum to Report PDC 1031 270KB
Extract of draft minutes of the Special Meeting of Planning Committee held on 10 September 2015 218KB