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The Durian: King of All Fruits
Is it a weapon or can we eat it?
The Enduring Durian
Having written an article on "The Mangosteen: Queen of all Fruits" (and now, "The Jackfruit: The Jack of All Fruits") I believed it only fitting that I write an article on "The Durian: King of all Fruits" as these three indigenous fruits certainly rule (and perhaps ruin) the world...In one article I researched, one writer wrote the following when describing the Durian's appearance: "It has a spiky-football-shape and looks quite dangerous to touch." I thought she was accurate enough when saying so.
Whereas the Mangosteen is loved throughout the world for its delicious favorable flavor, the Durian is infamous for its odor. Many despise it while others bask in its "aroma." The fact stands that no other fruit in the world garners such love/hate opinions: You either love in or hate it. There doesn't seem to be any middle ground. The best example of this is in Singapore where its citizen love and hate the presence and odor or aroma of the Durian. On its Mass Rapid Transit line, the law prohibits its passengers from boarding while carrying a Durian, yet a high-tech building, the "Esplanade 4" was proudly constructed and was inspired by the infamous fruit. Here are just some of the "Durian-similes" I found regarding the scent or stench of the Durian:
- Like month-old unwashed gym socks
- Like carrion and more carrion...
- Like the city dump on a hot summer day
Still, some say that Durian, "Smells like Hell and tastes like heaven." Others who have tried it hated it at first but then grew fond of it later on. Safe to say that for those of you that do enjoy its acquired taste, there are many ways to enjoy the Durian. Provided in this article/hub are pictures of the following: Durian Ice Cream from Nestle Waters, a Durian Yule Log, Durian Chips, Durian Flan, Durian Cake, Durian Pastries, Durian Sugar Wafers, and Durian Candy. So love it or hate, the mass popularity and the high demand for the Durian, the King of All Fruits promises that it will be around for a long, long time.
Click to enlarge
Fun and Interesting Facts About Durian
The following is information you may not have known about Durian:
- A single Durian can weigh as much as 7 pounds (3 kilos) and grow up to 12 inches long (30 cm) and 6 inches (15 cm) in diameter
- The oldest Durian trees produce the highest quality Durian
- Are native to Borneo and Sumatra
- Are found wild or semi-wild in Lower Burma (Myanmar) and the Malaysian peninsula
- Is commonly cultivated in Southeastern India, Ceylon, and New Guinea
- Singapore is a country that was so inspired by the Durian that it constructed a building naming it the "Esplanade 4"
- Singapore is a country that is so disgusted by the smell of the Durian that it banned it from its Mass Rapid Transit line
- In many airports, hotels, and other public places, Durian are prohibited by law
- Thailand and Malaysia are among the world's top producers of Durian; the two countries are also known to produce the best quality Durian throughout the world
- In Thailand, there are over 300 named species of Durian
- Durian are actually capsules in which edible parts are called arils
- Durian and Mangosteen make up some of the only 1% of the world's "arillate" fruits
- Standing underneath a Durian tree is considered highly dangerous, as a free-falling Durian is known to be fatal upon impact
- Durian trees grow between 27 and 40 meters (between 88 and 130 feet)
- The leaves of the Durian are highly fragrant
- Its flower has 3 petals with 5-lobed bell-shaped calyx that are 2 to 3 inches long
- In several tropical countries such as Borneo, the husks of the Durian is used to smoke meats
- It is a known fact that you should not drink any carbonated drinks (like beer) while eating Durian as it has been known to cause serious bowel damage and could quite possibly lead to death
Click to enlarge
Durian (Durio zibethinus)
Nutritional value per 100 g (3.5 oz) Energy 150 kcal 620 kJ Carbohydrates 27.09 g - Dietary fiber 3.8 g Fat 5.33 g Protein 1.47 g Water 65g Vitamin C 19.7 mg 33% Potassium 436 mg 9% Edible parts only, raw or frozen.
Refuse: 68% (Shell and seeds)
Source: USDA Nutrient database[40]
Percentages are relative to US
recommendations for adults.
The Many Ways in Which to Enjoy Durian
There's no better way to enjoy Durian than to eat it raw. However, this could prove to be a very costly habit if Durian is readily available in your part of the Jungle. Keep in mind that fresh Durian is most potent and releases an odor even when its hull is closed! Fresh Durian are among the most expensive fruit and could cost upwards of $4 or more depending on the locale. A cheaper alternative is to buy in frozen. This is definitely a great option, as only the "meat" or aril is kept so there's no need to fuss over prying it open (some people use a potholder and butcher knife combo in doing so).
Some Tips on Durian Consumption
If you enjoy Durian, you should have some consideration for those who do not like its strong cologne. Here are some helpful "Don'ts":
- Do not burp after eating Durian, it lingers like no tomorrow
- Do not kiss your better half after eating Durian unless you wanted to break-up or wanted to sleep on the couch anyway
- Do not stand underneath a Durian tree unless you have a deathwish
- Do not leave durian in your fridge uncovered, otherwise EVERYTHING will smell like Durian!
- Do not mix Durian with carbonated drinks...You'll be sorry if you do
- Do not store Durian in your car on a hot summer's day...You might have to sell your car if you do...And good luck trying to find a motivated buyer
How to Choose a Good Durian (Please try not to laugh)
- Pick the Durian that is comparatively the lightest out of the bunch
- Durian with big, solid stems are best
- Shake your Durian...Its seeds should rattle
- A good sign of a ripened Durian is when it exudes a strong but not sour scent
- The thorns of the Durian should be stiff and strong, not brittle
- Watch out for holes in your Durian, as they are good signs of worm infestation
- When impaling the Durian with a knife, it should come out sticky
The Truth Comes/ Reeks Out
Yes, I'll admit it...I am a fan of the Durian! I've tried different varieties of Durian, such as Durian Sugar Wafers is one of my favorites. However, nothing beats fresh Durian straight out of its hull. Just a tip, if you do eat Durian, don't burp. It's smells awful to those who aren't wild about it. And don't dare to kiss your better half after indulging yourself in the Durian Dream as such senseless act could well lead to break-up or an over-nighter on Sofa City! If you're wondering what Durian tastes like, I'd say it tastes something like the cross between white chocolate and onions. In either case, it truly is a unique and "different" taste experience. So if you are fortunate (or unfortunate enough) to get the opportunity to taste Durian, I hope you do like it. Either way, you'll be in a 50/50 category such is the case! Thank you for reading.
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I've never heard of it before, but it sounds very interesting.
Wow, I didn't know that this durian fruit existed! Thanks.
I stay away from Durians as much as I can. My parents love the stuff. Ummmm - Durian scented water - good times.
Liked all your Durians dos and don'ts. Don't put it in the refrigerator as it will make everything else smell really bad :)
But of course I know durian if I see or smell one! LOL And I agree, it's a love me or hate me thingy with durians so I go neutral at best, I settle for the candied stuff. I have friends in Davao so I don't run out of supply :D
I grew up in Malaysia - durian heaven :) But I suppose the mangosteens and other food make up for it. The local food in Malaysia is quite awesome.
Now I am hungry. :)Send me some dim sum.
like this hub a lot, I always end up seeing durian fruit at the shops and going up to grab it and always make a fool of myself as I always forget how spikey it is hehe.
I didn't know this fact, its scary they should have a warning on them "It is a known fact that you should not drink any carbonated drinks (like beer) while eating Durian as it has been known to cause serious bowel damage and could quite possibly lead to death" thanks for the good read dohn121
Oh wow. This is a fruit that either you love or you hate. I used to hate it but now I can eat one or two pieces (not the whole fruit though!). But my husband and some of my friends, they can eat one whole fruit each! And in Davao, there are places where you can eat all the durian you want. My friends would sometimes go there for lunch (durian is their lunch), when they come back to the office, they all smell of durian, are red in color and are very hot to the touch. The things people do to eat their favorite durian =).
This fruit is delicious semi frozen, like ice cream. It's made into a syrup and served on sticky rice as a popular streetside dessert in Cambodia. It's a real delicacy. If you haven't tried it as yet, you're missing out!
WOw I have never seen a fruit like that. It is like a viking monster isn't it? Oh this whole hub was totally tantalising. Well done Dohn. xo
Fun and factual!I Like it:)I wonder if this fruit is from the same family as The Jack Fruit, which is much less spikey,but looks similar.It tastes awful if eaten green but delicious when ripe,has a really strong odur too. I wonder if the durian fruit is similar in taste.
omgsh i used to think kiwis were funny looking. i bet if someone took one on an airplane people would yell "grenade!" and start ducking. this has to be one of the most insightful and informative hubs i have read on here so far. groovy, Dohn!
How interesting! I have not seen a durian in any of our markets here, but Thai friends used to speak of them. I am glad you wrote this hub. Thumbs up!
dohn, durian here is called an aphrodisiac =). Don't know if it's true though. And you're right, it's cheaper here (like less than $1.00 per fruit if it's really in season).
Interesting facts about the Durian :) Thanks. I heard about this recently on the travel channel-Bizzare Food and everyone he interviewed said it smelled like stinky feet.
I had seen these at the local asian market but had no idea what it was or what to do with it.
Very interesting fruit. I've never seen it before, but that's probably because I just never looked for it. I got to see it in person.
On a side note, do you think you could run it through a juicer?
Thanks for the tips! Apples and carrots go well with anything, so its probably a good start to get used to this fruit. Also, maybe a lemon or some citrus fruit could help cut the smell as well.
juicerlove er, I don't think the lemon or citrus fruit will work. Trust me on this =).
Hey dohn, here's another tidbit. I once packed a durian fruit inside a box so that I can board it on a plane from Davao to Manila. A couple of hours later, I found some ants on the box, but none inside or even on the durian fruit itself! Even ants are turned off by the smell LOL.
Very Nice fruit..
Dohn, LOL, the house will smell like durian. By the way, have you tried eating durian candies, pastries and even durian polvoron? =) the last one is another Filipino dessert.
I love durian. But i think mostly for Asian countries.
Western countries not all can accept.
I had never heard of this fruit, and now, after reading this, I cannot decide if I should find it...or leave well enough alone. Thanks for all the great information. I loved how you describe the love/hate relationship people have with this fruit. And I will remember, never, ever stand under a Durain tree! :D
It's funny how you mentioned that either you love it or hate it. I have seen and tried this fruit first time when I was in Singapore and didn't really care for it at first. My friend told me once you pass the smell the taste is heavenly. And, if I remember correctly, they were not cheap neither. So, the more I tried it the better it tasted.
It's same thing with some real French cheese that I like.
My husband's family sends us cheese from Corsica and Annecy the French alps and they smell like a**. Even after you washed your hand it still smells. But the taste is wonderful. So, I guess there are a lot food like that.
I'm glad you wrote about the durian. It's definately culturally educational.
I know the Durian well! I spent a lot of time in Malaysia as a child and my father still lives in Singapore. It does taste OK but the smell sure is bad. But very true of cheeses too.
Neat Hub Dohn. I have neverheard of this fruit either. besides possibliy being an aphrodisiac does this fruit have any other health benefits? Is it rich in any particular vitamin?
Fantastic hub! I've never tried one but I've seen in featured in many Travel Channel specials. One of my friends purchased one from Chinatown in NY, and it smelled so badly, she kept it on her terrace (this was during the winter). My sister-in-law bought durian ice cream, but threw it out after opening the container and smelling it. This makes me even more eager to try one, for some reason...
Interesting fruit!!!
I watch Bizare Foods with Andrew Zimmern on the travel channel and he was trying this fruit and almost threw up. He eats the craziest stuff from bugs to spoiled fish to blood soup and a fruit was the thing that almost did him in.
wow Ill eat it
I've heard of the Mangosteen but not the Durian? Not sure I've ever seen it in America. Fascinating hub though.
In Europe I haven't even heard about this fruit. I lived in Singapore for many years and durian was a kind of common fruit for locals. My husband loved it. I wasn't that fond on this fruit but I enjoyed the durian cake.
The Durian building Espalnade 4 is impressive indeed. I remembered that cleaning the windows was a highly discussed subject. My favorite of all though was mangosteen. It's perfect when it's cool. Singapore is hot and very humid so this fruit was a real treat for those days.
I have bought recently fresh mangosteen from Hong Kong Plaza- Houston.
Mangosteen are still in season in some parts in Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand. It is very posible to find in any Chinatown market as I did in Houston. I paid around $8 per pound. Worth it!
I accidentally pricked my right thumb with the durian spike my sis had this morning. I don't eat durian fruit but I eat durian candy. Love it. You forgot to add that, should someone eat the fruit using one's bare fingers, they must wash their hands in the fruit's capsule that is filled with water, to eliminate the odor from one's hand. I am from Davao City,Philippines, also known as Durian City.
A beautiful 'stinky' hub!I can almost smell it while reading about this fruit i tried so hard to like. It is a very interesting subject because it's not common, like apples or bananas. There's a fruit called the "Guyabano", which doesn't smell as bad, it's tasty (mom would make juice), but what i didn't like was how the after taste would stay too long in your system. The durian and it's smell should be considered as one of the wonders of the world! Great hub!
I think you can make just about any fruit palatable if you add enough blueberry juice, apple juice, or sweetener to it. This is a nice hub. The Cake looks scrumptious. But I think I'm going to pass on the fruit itself.
Durian, seems to be a very delicious fruit..Great post
Smells likes hell but TASTES like heaven!!
This fruit has an exotic taste and very nutritious. I had one when spending my holiday in Davao Philippines and there are many durians all over the place. They also have these durian tarts, yema (sweets), durian candies, and durian shake even durian coffee and durian cake, pie.
hai...i love eating durian..!!!
i think im addicted to it..
Oh no, I do not think I would enjoy this fruit. I have seen it featured on 'No Reservations' and Anthony Bourdain loves it! I may try it one day...just to say I have...but omg...I enjoyed reading about your experience with the fruit...brilliantly written.
THAT IS ONE OF THOSE HUBS THAT I JUST DREAM about being able to put together in the future, very well done...
Never heard of them but i have now..
No problem, still an awesome hub with or without the link. Thanks Dohn!
Hai my Lady Brenda, How are you -hugs-
When I was growing up in Malaysia, I used to like durian. But since coming to Australia, I have lost the urge although I'm sure I can dig into some good durian if it's right in front of me. Some old wife's tale back in Malaysia those days says that eating during and drinking beer is a fatal combination. To this day, this silly myth has been stuck in my mind but I'm too chicken to prove it wrong. Dohn, can you do me a favour and put this thing to rest once and for all. Down half a dozen Lao beers and eat this fruit like you've never had food for 10 days and then tell me you're fine and dandy to do it all over again. Cheers mate!
I love Durian! There are so many misconceptions about this fruit. Oh, if they only gave it a chance! Sure it smells quite similar to a freshly opened can of *poot*, but it is delicious. Good job for bringing this fruit to light. Now the rest of the world can indulge in this tasty treat!
very good,i'm going to be on the look-out for the fruit in whatever form i find it
dohn - this is absolutely the most comprehensive article on the dreaded/beloved fruit I've ever read. I knew about it from when I produced garden shows, but never got to actually try the durian since it's mostly unavailable in your local US supermarket! I like stinky cheese...think I might like durian?
This is a really great article.. you sure are a durian lover.. i am too in love with the durian. i live in Brunei and it has so many different types of Durians but my favourite is the Yellow Durian. it is known to be more expensive than the usual durians, but the price is worth it... It doen't taste as strong as the usual thai durians but it has a sweeter taste in it.. perfect to make durian fritters..!! it taste soo good...!! but i like to eat it freshly opened. it's the yellow durian season now in Brunei and it is definitely my best season of all...!!
hey there, I finally become an affiliate of amazon and ebay as you suggested one time while reading my SLR camera article. Thank you for the sincere advise. Now I have lots of them for sale on that article. You can even look at it again and you'll see deals.
by the way are you a filipino? philippines have lots of durian! my husband, me and our family loves it so much. im a filipino but have moved here in Florida bcoz my husband lives here.
i love durian mennn
You know what bro.. in my country, Durian is like the king of all fruits as well! Oh my .. the smell, the taste, LOL.........melts hearts surely.
I tried it ONCE! It's not for me
I eat this fruit,even though it has bad smell but it compensates for the taste.
Darn, as a Malaysian I should be able to write like that! :)
But you have covered all angles! Wow, seriously, a great write up about the king of fruit which we bow our palates to.
Strange fruit. i wonder who was first brave enough to actually eat it.
Great Interview on the weekly update!! Yu are a very interesting person. (I guess I can only fan you once-- darn.)
Great hub! I just gotta try it now!
Very interesting and awesome hub about something I didn't know existed. White chocolate and onions, huh? Well, I'll take your word for it. :-) Like the hub!
hi. nice hub. just a sharing. the word 'duri' means 'thorn'. adding 'an' at the back means 'thorny'. It is a Malay word.
I remember my Grandfather used to love that. I keep forgetting what this is called in English. Thanks. It is a very interesting fruit but I don't think I would enjoy eating it. It really smells, LOL!
Such a great and complete account of the fruit! Thank you for going to all the trouble producing it! German friend of mine is a raw fooder and visited us in England once. Sitting on the London Underground, people looked at her disapprovingly, we looked at her with compassion, the airline taking her back to Germany complained. My dear friend had a Durian wrapped up in 5 aluminum layers, newspapers and plastic bags in her suitcase! She said it tastes very, very sweet, but unfortunately she couldn´t let us try the fruit as she wanted to take it back to Germany.:(
One day I shall try it though!
Thanks for the very interesting hub. I've always wondered what that strange looking fruit was, but never dared to try it. Maybe some day I will if I can get past the smell.
I tried to eat one when I was traveling in China. It smelled like rotten garbage and I just couldn't bring myself to do it. And you know what? I regret it because you only live once. Now I can never say "I've tasted the stinkiest food on the planet."
There's always next time.
You are a talented writer - I could almost smell the durian again just from reading your hub. When I was in Kuala Lumpoor, my husband was brave enough to ignore the repugnant odor and claimed that the fruit was delicious. I wasn't that brave to taste something that smelled like a carcass - left in the sun - for a week.
I don't think I've ever seen one, but I've read about them. I'm intrigued now, but maybe not enough to eat one! lol! Well, they aren't exactly growing wild up here in Michigan...brrrrrr! But maybe someday... Thanks for a fun hub!
hari nama.. ilike dudrian
Dear dohn121, Thanks for this nice Hub about durian fruit.I think this is one of the sweetest ones. Could you tell me the real taste of durian?
"Is it a weapon or can we eat it?" .. LoL, I loved this line!
Yes, you can used it as a weapon! And you can eat it too .. hehehh
Hey, I love this article. Although I hate the smell and the taste of the fruit, I'm glad many people love it.
gotta love bowser, mario brothers rock!
I thoroughly enjoyed your hub and since I'm from Singapore, I can second what you said about the love the fruit/hate the smell dilemna in public places--forbidden in hotels and the MRT. Your Esplanade picture brings back fond memories--strolling on the waterfront and enjoying different band playing on the weekends.
As for getting rid of the smell after eating durian, it is believed you have to wash your hands with water from the husk i.e. fill the husk with water and wash.
Hi great hub. You just forgot to mention about Davao City in the Philippines aka Durian City. Davaoenos are extremely proud of their Durians indeed.
I am French and had tried that fruit in South China before but didn't like it then. Although when I tried the native Durian of Davao (smaller in size than the Singaporian one) I started to enjoy it and actually even like the smell of it now! hehehe!
First i thought it to be a jack fruit but then heard its different from jack, except for me no one prefers to eat, forget about eating they hate even to smell it,all thanks to its pungent smell,even i used to hate it earlier but one day accidentally i ate it and it was really fabulous, so delicious and its very healthy too, so i thought why not give it a try. This was a fabulous hub, thank you.
I absolutely love Durian!!! I want that T-shirt aswell!
I have to say I am absolutely flabbergasted - there's a whole Durian world out there that I knew nothing about - cakes, ice cream..!? Where has it been hiding all this time? All right, cakes I've tried but not those iced ones and never a yule log! I can't even buy the fruit where I am (sniff)
Ah, your hub has made me feel so hungry!!
Wonderful - so thorough and informative (as usual)
Thanks for sharing the info but Durian is one of the smelliest fruit in the world.
At first I was like, "What the heck?" Great informative hub.
Not a problem, I'm glad I stumbled on to it! Thanks
I heard that it can be used as dressing. Some people in Indonesia use it to cook fish. Grind it with mixer then put the fish in it for one night. The next day your fish will be ready to cook.
I love durian, but I won't eat a whole fruit of it. My granny used to make durian jam and eat it with sticky rice, we called it ketan-duren. Great hub!
Durian as a whole fruit really smells bad. But I love to eat durian candies and jam too. The best durian that I've ever tasted was in Davao, Philippines when we went there for a vacation. It taste really good.
This is a very informative hub.
i kind of have a love and hate relationship with durian.. but generally its enjoyable
It is not just a hub in fact you are selling durians all over the world.You're making Asia proud my friends.
Very interesting Hub - very informative too. I noticed it's banned but maybe people like me visiting the country could just take some seeds with me and plant in my Garden back in UK. (that's not like taking the real fruit) Hopefully, not breaking the Law.
I'm glad you pointed out the Tips on Consumption. Regards.
VERY COOL HUB!!! I'd heard of durian before, but I've only run into it once during my Asian Cuisines class at school. I seem to be in that middle ground for the moment, which maybe means I'll eventually be converted. The outside does smell absoluetly horrible! I liked it all right when I tried it, but it didn't sit very well. Of course maybe that was a by-product of smell in the room.
oh i was shock to see such a big fruit.i guess i should try n taste it some time ! Thanks man
Durian has to be tasted to be believed. However, for me the real tropical fruit discovery must be mangosteen which is utterly sublime.
Hi dohn121,
Congratulation's for 1000 fans. Nice avatar, I would like to see the other side of your avatar too....just kidding.
Mangosteen is very delicious & has nice flavor too but the King of Fruit" Durian is the stinkiest fruit of the world. Durian fruit is banned in public places such as subways, malls and hotels in Singapore & I believe some airlines banned it too.
Forget about the canned Durian because can is the smelliest one. You have to eat fresh.
You can buy fresh Mangosteen & Durian from China town. I had both fresh Mangosteen & Durian, I liked Mangosteen but Durian not much.
Enjoy rest of your weekend.
dohn121, WOW I'm surprised I don't know about this Durian King of All Fruits. My daughters attend a World Cultures School and spent two years focusing on China and Japan, I am in great awe and respect Japan and it education system. I'd love for the states to adopt it! Anyway I have not heard of this fruit and yet now I'm on a mission. I feel I will know upon first introduction as I'm sensitive to aroma. I want to be brave and give it a go. It sounds like sky diving or white water rafting, thrilling.... Love this hub, enjoyed learning about something new to me. Thanks and Peace :)
Dohn121 , gosh it took me near half an hour to get to this spot. no not really. but lots of comments on a great article. Man y of the fruits are so different thanks for sharing this.
I love durian. I've tried varieties found in the Philippines and those in Singapore/Malaysia, and they are all excellent and majestic!
What's amazing is that when you're eating it, you won't notice the smell anymore. You will in fact come to love the smell, too.
It's not altogether psychological. Because when you are not eating it and you get a whiff of its smell from afar you will still be assaulted by its unique aroma. But when its right in front of you and when the creamy morsel is already inside your mouth, the magic happens and the strong smell is forgotten. There must be a scientific explanation to this.
Thanks, Dohn121, for an awesome article on an equally awesome fruit!
I've never heard of this fruit before, but I'm tempted to find out more about it, and try it. Thanks for the info.
This fruit is also available in Nepal. This time of the year (May-June) it is available every where in vegetable markets of Kathmandu. Now is the time to have curry of it. Afterward it gets hard, one can eat only the inside cover, which is very sweet and the seed inside this fleshy is equally tasty. We fry it. It is tasty too.
Wow, "white chocolate and onions"? LOL! I will have to try this one day for sure. My mom (who loooves durian)when living in Thailand, heard of a man getting in trouble for leaving some in his hotel room, the smell was all over the hotel. Fun and informing read dohn121!
Durian is awesome:) I live in surinam and we have lots of durian here. I like it very much! Great article! vote up
Another well written Hub Dohn.... I've been away from Hubpages for a while, writing, etc, so it was really fun to come back and read one of your interesting and fun Hubs.... Personally I have eaten the Durian, and its not really one of my favorites... I prefer wine with my chocolate rather than onions... Best JM.
I love durian so much! I find its smell so inviting. This is a very interesting hub for durian eaters. I voted up and I find it awesome.
Yummy.... Durian is one of my favorite foods
The perfect link I needed.
My favorite, thanks for sharing. We have lots of them in Davao, Phil.
Durian is my favorite, THanks for sharing.
panit mo
You forgot to mention the most important facts about the damn fruit !! what are the health benefits ???
I have been wanting to try this fruit ever since I saw it on Bizarre foods. I guess if I can get past the smell of limburger cheese, which by the way taste great and smells like garbage. I should be able to deal with the king of fruit.
love durian........................mmuaaaaaaah
Wow... Believe it or not, me and my friend just eat durians while dringking some beers last week.. i'm still alive and write this comment..
We just tried Durian wafer cookies in the office. Some gagged just at the smell, others tried to throw them in the dumpster, still others retrieved them from the dumpster and those who did eat them (me included-oy!) burped them up all afternoon.
Never tasted Durians, but heard a lot about them.....especially since it's my family name!!!
Dear Experts of Fruit.
Now, I have lived in Kampong Cham Province ,Cambodia . I am a farm whom growing durian for a long time. Likewise, I am finding the Experts or higher experience in the field . Due to lock of technique Durian growth , Please kindly share meaningful experience or some document for me in order I can upgrade new knowledge to apply in my farm .
I would appropriate you if help as possible .
Sincerely yours,
Polin Choun ,Cambodia.
Dear Polin Choun,
I am currently in Kampong Cham Province doing research on durian for a book that I am writing. I own the website www.yearofthedurian.com. Please contact me to discuss durian in Kampong Cham. Thanks.
I sure do miss being up north in the fall. Peak foliage is uslulay Columbus day weekend up in your neck of the woods uslulay, isn't it? Long ago I used to be able to get up to North Conway (NH) area in the fall, but i don't know anyone up there anymore. Here peak is uslulay around Halloween, in NYC it was closer to Thanksgiving.Nice plane, Expat, you done good. 0
In the Philippines, Davao City is the Durian capital . You can smell the fruit as soon as you get off the plane. And speanikg of planes, I believe durian is not allowed to be hand-carried. Some people can't dig the smell. Not me though.
Jen, These are the most adorable peuctris of baby Finley. I'm so glad that Cortney and her husband have these photos to look at in years to come. My husband and I will be expecting our first in Aug. And we would love to have you do photos of our little angel.
I've found my answer here http://www.review.ganti.net/maidaniipancakedurian-...


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Joseph Sifakis
Tel: (+33) 457 42 22 44
Research Director.
Founder of
VERIMAG Laboratory
, and Director (1993-2006).
Turing Award 2007
Curriculum vitae:
Currently: Component-based Construction - BIP
Contributions to Model Checking
Contributions to Tools
R&D Projects
Workshops and Conferences
PhD Students
Publications since 1995
Petri Nets
Verification of Transition Systems and Model-Checking
Process Algebra and Modal Logic
Abstraction Techniques
The Algebra of Timed Processes - ATP
Symbolic Model-checking of Timed Systems
Position Statements
Contact information
Publications Since 1995
Joseph Sifakis
E. Baranov, J. Sifakis and S. Bliudze (Dirs.).
A Semantic Framework for Architecture Modelling
. EPFL, Lausanne, 2017.
I. Konnov, T. Kotek, Q. Wang, H. Veith and S. Bliudze et al.
Parameterized Systems in BIP: Design and Model Checking
. 27th International Conference on Concurrency Theory (CONCUR 2016), Québec, Canada, Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs) 59, 2016.
A. Mavridou, E. Stachtiari, S. Bliudze, A. Ivanov and P. Katsaros et al.
Architecture-based Design: A Satellite On-board Software Case Study
. 13th International Conference on Formal Aspects of Component Software (FACS 2016), Besançon, France, 2016.
A. Mavridou, E. Stachtiari, S. Bliudze, A. Ivanov and P. Katsaros et al.
Architecture-based Design: A Satellite On-Board Software Case Study
, 2016.
A. Mavridou, E. Baranov, S. Bliudze and J. Sifakis.
Architecture Diagrams: A Graphical Language for Architecture Style Specification
. 9th Interaction and Concurrency Experience, Herakleion, Greece, Electronic Proceedings in Theoretical Computer Science, 2016.
A. Mavridou, E. Baranov, S. Bliudze and J. Sifakis.
Architecture Diagrams - A Graphical Language for Architecture Style Specification
, 2016.
A. Mavridou, E. Baranov, S. Bliudze and J. Sifakis.
Configuration Logics: Modelling Architecture Styles
, in Journal of Logical and Algebraic Methods in Programming, vol. 86, num. 1, p. 2-29, 2016.
R. Edelmann, S. Bliudze and J. Sifakis (Dirs.).
Behaviour-Interaction-Priority in Functional Programming Languages: Formalisation and Implementation of Concurrency Frameworks in Haskell and Scala
. , 2015.
J. Sifakis.
System Design Automation: Challenges and Limitations
, in Proceedings of the IEEE, vol. 103, num. 11, p. 2093-2103, 2015.
A. Mavridou, E. Baranov, S. Bliudze and J. Sifakis.
Configuration Logics: Modelling Architecture Styles
. 12th International Conference on Formal Aspects of Component Software, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Lecture Notes in Computer Science 9539, 2015.
P. Attie, E. Baranov, S. Bliudze, M. Jaber and J. Sifakis.
A General Framework for Architecture Composability
, in Formal Aspects of Computing, vol. 28, num. 2, p. 207-231, 2015.
J. Sifakis, S. Bensalem, S. Bliudze and M. Bozga.
A Theory Agenda for Component-Based Design
. , Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2015.
A. Mavridou, E. Baranov, S. Bliudze and J. Sifakis.
Configuration Logics - Modelling Architecture Styles
, 2015.
S. Bensalem, M. Bozga, J. Quilbeuf and J. Sifakis.
Optimized distributed implementation of multiparty interactions with Restriction
, in Science of Computer Programming, vol. 98, num. 2, p. 293-316, 2015.
J. Sifakis.
Toward a System Design Science
. Workshop From Programs to Systems - The Systems Perspective in Computing (FPS) held in Honor of Joseph Sifakis, Grenoble, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2014.;i>
P. Attie, E. Baranov, S. Bliudze, M. Jaber and J. Sifakis.
A General Framework for Architecture Composability
. 12th International Conference on Software Engineering and Formal Methods, Grenoble, France, Lecture Notes in Computer Science 8702, 2014.
S. Bliudze, M. Bozga, M. Jaber and J. Sifakis.
Architecture Internalisation in BIP
. 17th International ACM Sigsoft Symposium on Component-Based Software Engineering, Lille, France, 2014.
S. Bliudze, M. Bozga, M. Jaber and J. Sifakis.
Architecture Internalisation in BIP
, 2014.
P. Attie, E. Baranov, S. Bliudze, M. Jaber and J. Sifakis.
A General Framework for Architecture Composability
, 2014.
T. Abdellatif, J. Combaz and J. Sifakis.
Rigorous implementation of real-time systems – from theory to application
, in Mathematical Structures in Computer Science, vol. 23, num. 4, p. 882-914, 2013.
A. Basu, S. Bensalem, M. Bozga, P. Bourgos and J. Sifakis.
Rigorous System Design: The BIP Approach
. 7th International Doctoral Workshop, MEMICS 2011, Lednice, Czech Republic, Lecture Notes in Computer Science 7119, 2012.
J. Sifakis.
Rigorous System Design
, in Foundations and Trends® in Electronic Design Automation, vol. 6, num. 4, p. 293-362, 2012.
J. Sifakis.
Rigorous Design of Cyber-physical Systems
. International Conference on Embedded Computer Systems - Architectures, Modeling and Simulation (IC-SAMOS), 2012.
M. Bozga, M. Jaber, N. Maris and J. Sifakis.
Modelling dynamic architectures using Dy-BIP
, in Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 7306, p. 1-16, 2012.
P. Bourgos, A. Basu, M. Bozga, S. Bensalem and J. Sifakis et al.
Rigorous system level modeling and analysis of mixed HW/SW systems
. 9th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Formal Methods and Models for Codesign (MEMOCODE 2011), Cambridge, United Kingdom, 2011.
Simon Bliudze, Joseph Sifakis:
Synthesizing Glue Operators from Glue Constraints for the Construction of Component-Based Systems
. Software Composition 2011: 51-67.
Joseph Sifakis "
A Dialogue with Professor Joseph Sifakis about Concurrent Systems Specification and Verification
" Interview by Christian Calude, Bulletin of EATCS, June 2011.
Saddek Bensalem, Andreas Griesmayer, Axel Legay, Thanh-Hung Nguyen, Joseph Sifakis, Rongjie Yan:
D-Finder 2: Towards Efficient Correctness of Incremental Design
. NASA Formal Methods 2011: 453-458
Ananda Basu, Saddek Bensalem, Marius Bozga, Jacques Combaz, Mohamad Jaber, Thanh-Hung Nguyen, Joseph Sifakis:
Rigorous Component-Based System Design Using the BIP Framework
. IEEE Software 28(3): 41-48 (2011)
Joseph Sifakis:
A Vision for Computer Science - the System Perspective
. Central European Journal of Computer Science, 1(1), 2011, 108-116.
Borzoo Bonakdarpour, Marius Bozga, Mohamad Jaber, Jean Quilbeuf, Joseph Sifakis:
From high-level component-based models to distributed implementations
Tesnim Abdellatif, Jacques Combaz, Joseph Sifakis:
Model-based implementation of real-time applications
Saddek Bensalem, Doron Peled, Joseph Sifakis:
Knowledge Based Scheduling of Distributed Systems
. Essays in Memory of Amir Pnueli 2010: 26-41
Ananda Basu, Borzoo Bonakdarpour, Marius Bozga, Joseph Sifakis:
Systematic Correct Construction of Self-stabilizing Systems: A Case Study
Joseph Sifakis: Embedded Systems Design - Scientific Challenges and Work Directions. TACAS 2010: 1
Marius Bozga, Mohamad Jaber, Joseph Sifakis:
Source-to-Source Architecture Transformation for Performance Optimization in BIP
. IEEE Trans. Industrial Informatics 5(4): 708-718 (2010)
Saddek Bensalem, Marius Bozga, Thanh-Hung Nguyen, Joseph Sifakis:
Compositional verification for component-based systems and application
. IET Software 4(3): 181-193 (2010)
Simon Bliudze and Joseph Sifakis "
Causal semantics for the algebra of connectors
" Form Methods Syst Des (2010) 36: 167-194
Saddek Bensalem, Marius Bozga, Thanh-Hung Nguyen, Joseph Sifakis:
D-Finder: A Tool for Compositional Deadlock Detection and Verification
Ananda Basu, Saddek Bensalem, Doron Peled, Joseph Sifakis:
Priority Scheduling of Distributed Systems Based on Model Checking
Ananda Basu, Borzoo Bonakdarpour, Marius Bozga, Joseph Sifakis:
Brief Announcement: Incremental Component-Based Modeling, Verification, and Performance Evaluation of Distributed Reset
Marius Bozga, Vassiliki Sfyrla, Joseph Sifakis:
Modeling synchronous systems in BIP
Marius Bozga, Mohamad Jaber, Joseph Sifakis:
Source-to-source architecture transformation for performance optimization in BIP
Edmund M. Clarke, E. Allen Emerson, Joseph Sifakis:
Model checking: algorithmic verification and debugging
. Commun. ACM 52(11): 74-84 (2009)
Joseph Sifakis.
Turing Lecture slides
, Embedded Systems Week, Atlanta, October 20th, 2008.
Saddek Bensalem, Marius Bozga, Joseph Sifakis, Thanh-Hung Nguyen.
Compositional Verification for Component-Based Systems and Application
Jacques Combaz, Jean-Claude Fernandez, Joseph Sifakis and Lo?c Strus.
Symbolic quality control for multimedia applications
Real-Time Journal, Volume 40, Number 1, October, 2008
Simon Bliudze, J. Sifakis.
A Notion of Glue Expressiveness for Component-Based Systems
. In Proc. of the 19th International Conference on Concurrency Theory (CONCUR'08), LNCS 5201, 508?522, Springer, 2008.
Ananda Basu, Matthieu Gallien, Charles Lesire, Thanh-Hung Nguyen, Saddek Bensalem, Felix Ingrand and Joseph Sifakis.
Incremental Component-Based Construction and Verification of a Robotic System
.ECAI 2008 The 18th European Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Patras, Greece, July 21 - 25, 2008.
Simon Bliudze, J. Sifakis.
The Algeba of Connectors?Structuring Interaction in BIP
. IEEE Transactions on Computers, vol. 57, no. 10, pp. 1315?1330, October, 2008.
A. Basu, Ph. Bidinger, M. Bozga and Joseph Sifakis.
Distributed Semantics and Implementation for Systems with Interaction and Priority
FORTE, 2008, pp. 116-133
T.A. Henzinger and J. Sifakis.
The Discipline of Embedded Systems Design
Computer, October 2007, pp. 32-40
J. Sifakis.
Position Statement for Panel on Grand Challenges in Embedded Software
Proc. EmSoft07, ACM&IEEE, Oct. 1-3, 2007, Salzburg, Austria, pp. 4-5.
S. Bliudze, J. Sifakis.
The Algebra of Connectors ? Structuring Interaction in BIP
Proc. EmSoft07, ACM&IEEE, Oct. 1-3, 2007, Salzburg, Austria, pp. 11-20.
A. Basu, L. Mounier, M. Poulhiès, J. Pulou and J. Sifakis.
Using BIP for Modeling and Verification of Networked Systems - A Case Study on TinyOS-based Networks
Sixth IEEE International Symposium on Network Computing and Applications (NCA 2007), 12 - 14 July 2007, Cambridge, MA, USA, pages 257-260
Jacques Combaz, Jean-Claude Fernandez, Joseph Sifakis, Loic Strus.
Using Speed Diagrams for Symbolic Quality Management
in Fifteenth International Workshop on Parallel and Distributed Real-Time Systems (WPDRTS 2007), March 26-27, 2007, Long Beach, California, USA.
G. Gössler, S. Graf, M. Majster-Cederbaum, M. Martens, J. Sifakis.
An Approach to Modeling and Verification of Component Based Systems
in Current Trends in Theory and Practice of Computer Science, SOFSEM'07, LNCS 4362, 2007.
G. Gössler, S. Graf, M. Majster-Cederbaum, M. Martens, J. Sifakis.
Ensuring Properties of Interaction Systems by Construction
Program Analysis and Compilation, Theory and Practice, LNCS, 2007.
A. Basu, M. Bozga, J. Sifakis.
Modeling Heterogeneous Real-time Systems in BIP
4th IEEE International Conference on Software Engineering and Formal Methods (SEFM06),Invited talk, September 11-15, 2006, Pune, pp. 3-12
M. Poulhiès, J. Pulou, C. Rippert and J. Sifakis.
A Methodology and Supporting Tools for the Development of Component-Based Embedded Systems
13th Monterey Workshop 2006, Paris, October 2006, pp. 75-96, LNCS 4888
T.A. Henzinger and J. Sifakis.
The Embedded Systems Design Challenge
Invited Paper, FM 2006, pp. 1-15
J. Combaz, J-C. Fernandez, Th. Lepley, J. Sifakis.
QoS Control for Optimality and Safety
EmSoft05, New Jersey City, September 19-22, 2005, pp. 90-99
Joseph Sifakis.
A Framework for Component-based Construction
3rd IEEE International Conference on Software Engineering and Formal Methods (SEFM05), Keynote talk, September 7-9, 2005, Koblenz, pp. 293-300
The Artist Education Group "
Guidelines for a Graduate Curriculum on Embedded Software and Systems
" ACM Trans. Embedded Comput. Syst. 4(3): 587-611 (2005)
J. Combaz, J-C. Fernandez, Th. Lepley, J. Sifakis.
Fine Grain QoS Control for Multimedia Application Software
DATE05, Munich, March 2005, pp. 1038-1043
G. Gössler, J. Sifakis. Composition for
Component-Based Modeling
Science of Computer Programming, vol. 55, pp. 161--183 (March 2005)
Joseph Sifakis.
Modeling Real-time Systems
Keynote talk RTSS04
, slides.
M. Bozga, S. Graf, Il. Ober, Iul. Ober, J. Sifakis.
The IF Toolset
Formal Methods for the Design of Real-Time Systems, Sept 2004, LNCS 3185, pp. 237-267
Gregor Gössler and Joseph Sifakis.
Component-based construction of deadlock-free systems
FSTTCS 2003, Invited talk, Mumbai, December 2003, LNCS 2914, pp. 420-433
G. Gössler, J. Sifakis.
Priority Systems
Proceedings of FMCO'03, November 2003, Leiden, the Netherlands, LNCS 3188, pages 314-329
J. Sifakis, S. Tripakis, S. Yovine.
Building models of real-time systems from application software
Proceedings of the IEEE, Special issue on modeling and design of embedded, 91(1):100-111, January 2003
G. Gössler, J. Sifakis.
Composition for Component-Based Modeling
Proceedings of FMCO'02, November 2002, Leiden, the Netherlands, LNCS 2852, pages 443-466
K. Altisen, G. Gössler, J. Sifakis.
Scheduler modeling based on the controller synthesis paradigm
Journal of Real-Time Systems, special issue on "Control Approaches to Real-Time Computing", 23, 55-84, 2002
Joseph Sifakis.
Modeling real-time systems-challenges and work directions
EMSOFT01, Tahoe City, October 2001. Lecture Notes in Computer Science 2211
E. Closse, M. Poize, J. Pulou, J. Sifakis, P. Venier, D. Weil, and S. Yovine
TAXYS: a tool for the developpment and verification real-time embedded systems
In Proceedings of "Computer Aided Verification, CAV'01". Paris, France, July 23, 2001. Lecture Notes in Computer Science 2102, Springer-Verlag
V. Bertin, E. Closse, M. Poize, J. Pulou, J. Sifakis, P. Venier, D. Weil, and S. Yovine.
Taxys = Esterel + Kronos. A tool for verifying real-time properties of embedded systems
In Proceedings of "Conference on Decision and Control, CDC'01". Orlando, December, 2001. IEEE Control Systems Society
M. Bozga, J.C. Fernandez, L. Ghirvu, S. Graf, J.P. Krimm, L. Mounier, J. Sifakis.
IF: An Intermediate Representation for SDL and its Applications
Proceedings of SDL-FORUM'99, Montreal, Canada, June 1999
S.Bornot and J.Sifakis.
An Algebraic Framework for Urgency
Information and Computation 163,172-202 (2000)
S.Bornot and J.Sifakis.
An Algebraic Framework for Urgency
in Calculational System Design NATO Science Series, Computer and Systems Science 173, Marktoberdorf, July 1998.
K.Altisen, G.Gossler and J.Sifakis.
A Methodology for the Construction of Scheduled Systems
FTRTFT 2000, Pune, India, September 2000, LNCS 1926, pp. 106-120
Valérie Bertin, Michel Poize and Joseph Sifakis.
Towards Validated Real-Time Software
Proceedings of the 12 th Euromicro Conference on Real Time Systems, Stockholm, June 19-21, 2000, pp. 157-164
S.Bornot, G.Gossler and J. Sifakis.
On the Construction of Live Systems
K.Altisen, G.Gossler, A. Pnueli, J.Sifakis, S. Tripakis and S.Yovine.
A Framework for Scheduler Synthesis
RTSS 1999 proceedings, IEEE, pp. 154-163
The Compositional Specification of Timed Systems
CAV 1999 Trento, July 1999
S.Bornot, J.Sifakis, S. Tripakis.
Modeling Urgency in Timed Systems
COMPOS'97, Malente, Germany, LNCS 1536, Springer Verlag, 1998
S.Bornot, J. Sifakis.
On the Composition of Hybrid Systems
Hybrid systems:Computation and Control, Berkeley, April 1998, invited talk, LNCS 1386, pp. 69-83
S.Bornot, J. Sifakis.
Relating time progress and deadlines in hybrid systems
HART 97, Grenoble, LNCS 1201, March 1997, pp. 347-359
J. Sifakis and S. Yovine.
Compositional specification of timed systems
Invited paper in Proceedings of the 13th Annual Symp. on Theoretical Aspects of Computer Science, STACS'96, pp. 347-359, February 1996. LNCS 1046
O. Maler, A.Pnueli, J.Sifakis,
On the Synthesis of Discrete Controllers for Time Systems
in E.W. Mayr and C. Puech (Eds.). Proc. STACS '95, LNCS 900, 229-242, Springer, 1995


text:
We have a wide range of heritage and research collections, including local history, family history and whakapapa, oral history and community archives.
Auckland Libraries' Sir George Grey Special Collections is one of New Zealand's three major heritage collections. The Sir George Grey Special Collections: Ta Hori Kerei - Nga kohinga taonga whakahirahira were made accessible to the public in 1997, and are currently housed on the second floor of Central City Library. The collections encompass a broad range of heritage materials, including illuminated and rare books, historic maps and manuscripts, photographs, oral history and ephemera.
The research centres and Sir George Grey Special Collections are home to a substantial number of recordings of Aucklanders sharing their unique experiences and irreplaceable local knowledge. Residents have been helping to record the history of Auckland for a number of years and many of these stories are available from the research centres in audio or transcript form.
Auckland Libraries' heritage photograph collections include a large number of photographic prints, images from newspapers and digital resources. The photography collections held in the Sir George Grey Special Collections contain over 500,000 images of New Zealand from the 1840s to the present day. Highlights include historic surveys of Auckland buildings and architecture, social portraits, advertising images, magazine and newspaper negatives and over 250 individual photo albums.
Ephemera collections include items intended to have a limited life-span, such as programmes, posters, tickets, flyers and cards. These items were originally produced to pass on details about specific issues, activities, events, products, and services. The Central City Library holds three ephemera collections with items that date from the 1840s to the present day. You can locate ephemera from these collections using the Ephemera Index database.
The Auckland Libraries manuscript collection consists of the unpublished records of a range of individuals and institutions and brings together items such as diaries, letters, minute books, ledgers and lists. These resources include the Community Archive, the Chelsea sugar refinery archive, the East Coast Bays archive and the JT Diamond collection, which gathers information associated with west Auckland.
Auckland Libraries holds a number of important collections of rare books, ranging from Sir George Grey's collection to contemporary private press publications. Rare book collections are housed mainly at the Central City Library and can be viewed in the Special Collections reading room. The Angela Morton Collection covers the visual arts of New Zealand from pre-European times to the present day and is housed at Takapuna Library.
The research centres and reference collections hold a number of maps of current and historical interest. These include historic maps and atlases, topographical and ordnance maps, and Māori maps. A selection of maps from the Sir George Grey Special Collections have also been catalogued and digitised for the Heritage Images database.
Māori collections are held at the majority of libraries across the region. They include both heritage collections and current-use lending and reference collections. Resources include Māori Land Court minute books, electoral rolls, newspapers and materials in te reo, as well as a number of digital resources such as Iwidex.
The Auckland Libraries' research centres hold a wide range of local history resources and can provide expert librarian help. The local history collections focus on the greater Auckland region, but also include general New Zealand and Pacific history and literature. As well as published material, and several thousand reels of microfilm, there are unique indexes and other bibliographic resources about Auckland.
Family history is a vital part of the research centres' collections. As well as published family histories, you will find indexes to births, deaths and marriages in New Zealand and other parts of the world, shipping records, guides and a range of digital resources.
The research centres house amazing collections of historical and soon-to-be historical newspapers. These comprehensive collections cover our city's day-to-day history from the 1840s to the present and many papers have been transferred to microfilm to preserve the original publications. Some international titles are also included.
Browse our monthly new titles lists under the 'Special Collections' heading or subscribe to our daily new title RSS feeds - the day after we add an item to our collection, you'll see it in your RSS feed.


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Do some data entry -- 2
Budżet $10-30 USD
I need you to fill in a spreadsheet with [url removed, login to view] paste work
31 freelancerów złożyło ofertę na średnią kwotę w wysokości $30 do tego projektu.
With respect to this project I would like to present myself as a candidate for your consideration. I have more than 6 years of experience. I have successfully completed few projects for US clients which involved web sc Więcej
I will provide Services until You get 100% satisfied. I am not just looking for money OR one project, as i firmly believe in long term business relationships. I highly value my relationship with my clients, I guaran Więcej
I did a lots of copying and pasting work for a large consulting company before. If you need, I also have a small team that can do the work for you also.
I have an experience in this type of work. Please give an opportunity to prove myself. I am hardworker. I will complete the work withim time
i have 5 years of experience in it industry especially in data entry i can commit it within time
Hello There, Please hire me, Please give me one chance , It is my great honor to apply for this vacant job. I am very hard working and can work effectively as fast as I can. I have excellent skills in Data Entry, We Więcej
Hello!! We are big team for this kind of work.Please open a line for communication so we can discuss and move further. Awaiting for your positive response. Thank You!!
I have strong interest in typing. I am passionate and computer savvy. I am very fast in keyboard. I have Bsc statistics Degree.
I am much familiar about the use of excel. Because as an engineer, I have to much work on it for data arrangement and entrry.
Hello, I am a freelancer that may you are looking for.I am a reliable, efficient, dedicated, and enthusiastic person.i have experience in photoshop, PSD to HTML, create a new PSD image, watermark image. i have experien Więcej


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John Conte
John V. Conte, M.D.
Johns Hopkins Hospital
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from The Daily Bell:
Why I'm Very Happy About Janet Yellen … President Barack Obama plans to nominate Janet Yellen as the next chairman of the Federal Reserve Board. In doing so, he will promote the pre-eminent policy economist of her generation to the role of the most powerful central banker in the world. Tonight, I feel reassured that my daughter's economic future is in good hands. – Bloomberg
Dominant Social Theme: And she shall lead them just as Joan of Arc did.
Free-Market Analysis: Joan of Arc was apparently a very courageous woman; Janet Yellen may be seen as equally so.
Please follow SGT Report on Twitter & help share the message.


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The total amount in the past few years is higher than that, though. Nursultan Nazarbayev, the President of Kazakhstan, put the amount at USD 300 million during a meeting in March last year with President Mikhael Saakashvili.
Why are Kazakh investors so interested in Georgia?
Georgia's geographic location, predictable government and transparent tax system are attracting business investment from Kazakhstan, particularly in the areas of communication, tourism, the financial sector and transportation, according to several business people and experts interviewed for this story.
Archil Gegeshidze, senior expert of the Georgian Foundation for Strategic and International Affairs in Tbilisi, who studies foreign affairs and relations between former Soviet countries, said that Georgia is a friendly country for Kazakhstan, and also a bridge between Europe and Kazakhstan. Small, transit countries such as Georgia must have an international role and Saakashvili is making it possible for Kazakhstan to invest here.
At the same time, Kazakhs have capital to invest in perspective markets.
After 15 years of independence, Kazakhstan began to develop its economy by producing locally competitive products and looking to other markets for investment or for export. As prices for oil and gas are extremely high, the capital is available.
The recent bond between Georgia and Kazakhstan represents a change from the past relationship of two countries, which largely ignored each other, according to Giorgi Ciklauri, a Georgian journalist and Caucasus correspondent for a Kazakhstan business newspaper, Capital. He began to write about Georgia and the Caucasus region in early 2005. That was when Danial Akhmetov, prime minister of Kazakhstan, visited Georgia to assess the market for possible projects.
During that visit, Georgian Prime Minister Zurab Nogaideli and his Kazakh colleague visited Poti and Batumi, Georgia's trade harbors on the Black Sea.
"Before that visit we didn't have any relationships between Kazakhstan and Georgia," Ciklauri said. He says that Kazakh investment began coming quickly to Georgia after Kazakhstan's president, Nazarbayev, visited the country in October 2005 and made a statement about Georgia's future.
Nazarbayev said at the time that Kazakhstan realized that Georgia had a big future and also said that Kazakhstan wants to be one of the 10 most developed countries in transportation, with Georgian support, Ciklauri said.
But there had been at least one previous attempt to join forces, according to one observer.
"Few people remember that the idea of transporting Kazakh natural resources through Georgia to the Black Sea and border countries of Georgia was raised in the mid-1990s and was alive till end of 1990s. The name of this project was 'south energetic corridor,'" said Gegeshidze. "But, unfortunately, it was just words, maybe because Nazarbayev and Eduard Shevardnadze (ex-president of Georgia) had different ideas," he said.
Several of those interviewed said that before Georgia's Rose Revolution in 2003, it was difficult to put in money into Georgia because the government system was unclear and corrupt.
"Everywhere you felt bribery in the air" and "bandits" were in the police force," said Gegeshidze. There also was a high risk of local conflicts in some areas of Georgia, making the political climate unstable.
One of the most visible of the Kazakh projects is the reconstruction of the Iveria hotel in the center of Tbilisi. Radisson SAS will operate the hotel. Kazakh investor Development Solutions (DS) is implementing the project, due to be completed by April 2008.
According to the CEO of Development Solution, Daulet Orazaliyev, about $100 million will be invested in the reconstruction of this hotel. The Radisson SAS hotel is among several projects that are financially backed by one of the biggest banks in Kazakhstan, Turan Alem Bank.
In 2005 Turan Alem Bank (BTA) bought 49 percent of Georgian Silk Road Bank, forming BTA Silk Road Bank in Tbilisi. It provides banking services and plans to be one of the leading banks in Georgia by the end of this year, said Zurab Gelenidze, the combined bank's commercial director. The bank will open a chain of branches in Georgia, new service centers in Tbilisi and increase the number of employees in the bank. The number of employees will double this year from the current 70, Gelenidze said.
Turan Alem Bank was the first Kazakh investor in Georgia. Most investments are in real estate (hotels, business centers), telecommunications and tourism. Turan Alem Bank has also funded more than 10 companies in Georgia, mostly related to the development business, communication sector, trade and energy, said Gelenidze.
According to Aman Tentiev, a member of the board of Development Solutions, when BTA merged with Silk Road Bank, many other banks and business people from Kazakhstan began considering developing business here. That's because Georgia is hospitable to business, he said.
"The procedure of legalizing and opening a new business is not difficult, there aren't major barriers," said Tentiev. "Now the system of relationships is clear, local government doesn't interfere in our business. That is already help for us, and we feel comfortable here, as in another country such as Ukraine, Russia or Kyrgyzstan," he said. "Sure we feel comfortable, because our presidents and governments understand each other... we know that our business is predictable," he said.
Orazaliyev, of Development Solutions, agreed with that assessment. "Georgia has an attractive investment climate and economically, it is developing well. In my opinion, that makes Georgia attractive for foreign investors," he said.
Another project of Development Solutions, who opened its office in Tbilisi six months ago, is the reconstruction of resorts and hotels in Adjara. About $200 million was invested in this project. Development Solutions also holds 80 percent of the fixed communication system in Georgia. Twenty-five people work in the company; two are from Kazakhstan.
After it achieved independence from the Soviet Union, Kazakhstan immediately opened its market to foreign investors in the areas of oil and gas, mining and steel. Now the country's energy companies are branching out to invest in other markets.
A Kazakh company, KazTransGas, won a tender in 2006 and paid $12.5 million for Tbilisi's gas distribution company, now called KazTransGas-Tbilisi (KTG-Tbilisi). KazTransGas is a gas transportation company that is 100 percent owned by the Kazakhstan national company KazMunaiGas.
Manasbek Sariyev is executive director of KTG - Tbilisi, which provides gas for the capital of Georgia, with a population of 1.3 million people and a gas network of over 2,400 kilometers.
"A favorable tax climate attracts foreign investors," he said. "Georgia has a lot of opportunity to make business and a very transparent system for direct foreign investment.
"KazTransGas in Georgia is the result of a good relationship between the two presidents and their decision to bring KazTransGas to Tbilisi, a kind of social project because we are well experienced in city gas service," he continued.
Today, the company is reconstructing the city gas system, installing new meters and changing the gas lines.
For this work, it will spend an estimated $80 million through 2011.
Sariyev said that KazTransGas's entry to the Georgian market was interpreted in two ways.
"Some people thought that it was a mistake for Georgia to sell a 'strategic' asset to foreign companies, but on the other hand, we also sold in Kazakhstan gas service companies to private or foreign companies, and after they reconstructed gas distribution networks, we bought these back from companies to state-owned. It's normal practice, " he said.
One day, this could be the case in Georgia, said Sariyev.
KTG-Tbilisi provides medical insurance and a stable salary for 1,800 staff employees. After KazTransGas bought Tbilisi Gas Distribution Company in May of 2006, "the minimum salary growth was 20 percent," said Eka Sariya, head of press service of KazTransGas-Tbilisi.
"I think it's not bad when a company from a friendly country comes to the Georgian market," said Sariyev.
The most recent Kazakh player in Georgia is a sister of KazTransGas, KazTransOil (KTO), which deals with oil transportation. In December 2006, KTO bought 50 percent of the Batumi oil terminal port in the Adjara region, which belongs to GreenOak Company. The cost of that 50 percent share is a trade secret, according to KazTransOil.
Kazakhstan intends to deliver oil from the Aktau port in the Caspian Sea (Western Kazakhstan region) to the port of Baku, Azerbaijan, and then to the Black Sea and then to Georgian border countries and Europe market outlets.
It is the first foreign oil transportation asset and outlet to the sea for Kazakhstan. For 2007, the annual capacity of trans-shipment through Batumi oil terminals is estimated at 12 million tons of oil.
This year, the Georgian government will put up for sale the last state assets that are proposed for privatization.
That means that major privatization is coming to an end, and eventually the Georgian government will want to demonstrate the benefits and effect of privatization, and answer the question of whether it was a good idea to sell state property to private or foreign owners, including Kazakh investors.


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Compressibility in incompressible flow mode
Dear All,
I am simulating a GMO problem, using incompressible flow mode and implicit with automatic limited compressibility pressure solver option. However, in fluids properties, the compressibility for fluid1 can be changed as you want. I am confusing. Why we can change the compressibility in impressibe flow mode? On the other hand, I also found that different compressibility numbers influence the flow field significantly. Can anyone help me? Thank you in advance!
Yours Streamlet
|All times are GMT -4. The time now is 06:33.


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Here at TheFork, we emphasize the same criteria as the restaurant guidebook Gault & Millau: know-how, ingredients, and personality. For an unforgettable culinary experience, let yourself be inspired by the guidebook's selection of the best tables and book one on TheFork!
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With the Internet becoming as big as it has over the past few years, you've probably had a few online business ideas that you've either tried to, or want to pursue. But with some much competition out there, you must know exactly what you're doing, what's profitable, have a solid marketing plan, and literally attack your idea FULL FORCE to carve out a niche for yourself and get paid extremely well for it.
Below, is a list of the top 13 online business ideas we believe will yield the most profit for you, but much more importantly, are the most fun businesses to run online.
#1. Blogging
Starting a blog is one of the easiest, inexpensive, and fastest ways to start building an online business that earns you passive income. I like to use a lovely piece of software called WordPress that does all the hard stuff for me. In fact, that's what Digital Bankroll runs on today. Blogs can start attracting a huge amount of traffic very quickly, then you can monetize in all kinds of cool ways.
Ways To Monetize
• Google AdSense
• Sell banner advertising
• Affiliate Marketing products on Amazon or Clickbank
• Sell Guest Posts
Real Life Examples
This website started from very humble beginnings and now boasts monthly earnings over $2.3 Million and growing with page views at over 1 billion just in the United States alone. Once The Huffington Post grew its traffic to such large volume, they partnered with AOLs PPC network, from which anyone can advertise with, like Google AdWords or Bing Ads.
#2. Dropshipping
This became very popular with the rise of eBay. Essentially this is arbitrage, and you can make a hefty profit from it. What you can do is become an affiliate for Amazon.com and earn a commission every time someone buys through your link. Once you have those links, you can list Amazon's items for sale on places like eBay at a slight markup. The beauty of this is that Amazon delivers the product, cuts you a commission, and handles all the customer service for you. All you have to do is create the listings for in demand items people already want to buy.
Ways To Monetize
• Affiliate Commissions
• Markup
Real Life Examples
If you do a search on eBay for a common item, you will likely find someone dropshipping that product, or you might find affiliate links to Amazon or another retailer. Do a little bit of research on eBay to see what might be a hot seller for you!
#3. Domaining
You can buy and sell domains names for a huge profit. Domains cost like $10 bucks to register, yet could be sold for thousands, even millions of dollars. Once you have a domain name that you believe is valuable or that someone would pay a lot of money for, you can list it for sale on the Sedo.com marketplace.
Ways To Monetize
• You get paid from the sale of the domain.
Real Life Examples
Sex.com sold for $13 Million dollars in 2010. Hotels.com sold for $11 Million in 2001. Even longer domain names like GamesForGirls.com sold for $500,000 in 2011. The opportunity is all around you.
#4. Affiliate Marketing
This model is very appealing because you never have to deal with product creation, customer support, business to business relationships, or any of that stuff. All you do is deliver the sale and collect your commission. You can sell physical goods as an affiliate and get commissions from sites like Amazon and Commission Junction, but I prefer to sell digital products because they have a higher profit margin, often 50% to 70% commissions.
Ways To Monetize
• Revenue from product sales
Real Life Examples
Clickbank.com is the worlds largest retailer of digitally distributed goods, and after paying out over $2 billion dollars in commissions to its affiliates, it's the place to be.
#5. iPhone Apps
With the boom of the mobile smart phone, iPhone apps have become a huge industry. If you have a sweet idea for an iPhone or Android app, you can easily hire a programmer from Freelancer.com to get the job done for a few hundred bucks.
Ways To Monetize
• Sell in app advertising
• Google AdSense for mobile
• App sales revenue
Real Life Examples
Famous hit games like Angry Birds made over $200 million dollars in just 2012 alone. Other famous apps like iFart have gone on to report earnings of over $10,000 dollars per day, all from banner ad revenue. Pretty amazing for such a simple, easy to create idea. Will your app be next?
#6. YouTube Videos
In the past few years, YouTube has grown rapidly. The site now has over 4 BILLION videos being watched per day. That is an INSANE amount of traffic for one website to be getting, and its opportunity for you to soak that up and make money from it. If you've got something to say, YouTube is the place to put it. Never before in the history of the world, has the average person been able to create a TV show from the phone in their pocket and have it watched by thousands.
Ways to Monetize
• Google AdSense for YouTube
• Sell your own product in the description box
• Sell affiliate products in the description box
Real Life Examples
YouTube stars are all over the place! You seen them! Maybe you follow iJustine? Or maybe Michelle Phan's makeup tutorials are more your style? Do you eat raw foods, cause maybe you follow Dan The Life Regenerator. My point is, no matter the niche, there is someone in that niche making YouTube videos about their passions and getting paid 6 and even 7 figures for it.
#7. Facebook Fanpage
Do you spend too much time on Facebook like the rest of society? If you are guilty, you should be making money from your time spent there. We've created multiple niche fan page businesses that that go viral, create thousands of hungry fans, while we do nothing more than post a few pictures to the fan pages per day. Some of the easiest money you could ever make. The idea is to pick a super targeted niche, post photos, videos and other updates a few times per day. The fans share the content within Facebook driving hundreds to thousands of new visitors to your page, where you can then monetize with a variety of different methods.
Ways To Monetize
• Affiliate Marketing
• Tee Shirt Sales (we've had a lot of success with this one)
Real Life Examples
We've built viral Facebook Fan Pages in multiple niches that continue to grow completely hands off. You can do a search on Facebook for just about any niche and find a fan page authority right away. Go find the one in your niche and study how they work the page.
#8. Virtual Assistant
If ya need some 'right now' money, you can always find work doing secretarial type tasks via email or skype. There are thousands of entrepreneurs who will hire you to do basic work for them, like replying to customer service emails, scheduling meetings, or managing another tedious part of their online business. This is also a great way to get an inside look at the online empire you wish to build, by seeing how one already works from the inside out.
Ways To Monetize
• Hourly pay
• Paid per task completion
Real Life Examples
There are thousands of people who work from home and get paid a good $15 to $25 dollars an hour to help out an online business with all sorts of easy tasks. You'll likely find that customer service emails are a huge one, so is data entry. Not really the idea of a true entrepreneurial venture, but I thought I'd include it because everyone needs to cover the base somehow, and this beats showing up to a desk job all day.
#9. Ghost Writing
Are you a good writer? If so, you can get paid very well to do freelance writing gigs. Ghosting Writing basically means that you will be creating all kinds of interesting pieces of content for people depending on the gig. They could have you ghost write and ebook, a real book, or even a blog post. A good starting rate to charge would be around $10 per 100 words. And scale from there as you get a better portfolio.
Ways To Monetize
• Paid commission per gig you complete
• Scale pay as your skills grow
Real Life Examples
Ghost Writing gigs can be found almost anywhere online with a simple Google search, or you can check on the Freelancer marketplace for any active jobs. You could have your first Ghost Writing gig booked within just a few minutes from right now and have money in your PayPal account.
#10. Graphic Design
Are you good with Photoshop? Because if you have graphic skills, there is no reason for you to be broke. That is a highly paid skill you should be marketing right now. You could take on private clients, or if you are really crafty, you'd bust out a whole templated graphic pack and sell access to it over and over again on a site like Graphics River or other marketplaces.
Ways To Monetize
• Client pays you
• Sales of your graphic template
Real Life Examples
I can't tell you how many times I've bought a top notch graphics pack just so I could have it later when I needed it. These kind of things are an impulse buy and therefore make for a REALLY good market, that's if you're selling a package. And if you are, head on over to Graphic River and sort by top selling to see what works. If you are doing work for a client, then you'll need to
#11. Network Marketing
Despite what you may think, MLM companies and home based businesses are not all scams. There are hundreds of great companies out there waiting to send you big fat commission checks. In fact, it was Network Marketing that lead me to Internet Marketing way back in the day, so that's why I always show the industry some love. And I believe that it's a great way for the beginner to start selling right away, without having to deal with product creation, customer service and all that other stuff. It's like being an affiliate and a vendor at the same time, but without having to worry about any of the typical problems or headache associated with each.
Ways To Monetize
• Commissions from product sales
• Commissions from new affiliate recruitment
• Commissions from affiliates you recruit
Real Life Examples
There is a Network Marketing company in just about every single niche you could think of, from personal development to fitness & nutrition, to information product, to candles and everything in between. It truly is a wild industry with wacky products from all walks of life, and if the right opportunity falls into your lap, maybe you should jump on it?
#12. Site Flipping
There is a website called Flippa where you can buy/sell websites. Think of it like eBay, but for websites and domain names. You have an absolutely amazing opportunity to purchase websites already making an income, that you can either further develop, or put back on the marketplace and sell for a bigger profit. A lot of times on Flippa, marketers will be selling off web properties so they can get a quick lump sum of cash, so often times, you get a GREAT deal.
Ways To Monetize
• You get paid when you sell your website
• You get paid from profits website is already producing
Real Life Examples
No explanation is really needed here, just head on over to Flippa.com and see for yourself. There are thousands of websites listed for sale every day that are already producing revenue. And you can simply just cherry pick from the best.
#13. eCommerce Store
You could start your own eCommerce store like Jack Threads or Zappos where you sell physical goods. I'm not a super big fan of eCommerce business models because I don't want warehouses full of crap sittin' around! lol. But it is a very powerful business model that can make you a lot of money if that's your thing.
Ways To Monetize
• Product sales!
Real Life Examples
I am especially fond of Jack Threads because of how they run this "Flash Sale" business model. They negotiate deals with all the hottest brands out there, buy up a bulk of them for a huge discount, then send an email blast to their exclusive invite only members that "only 500 of these hoodies will be sold" and the sell out like crazy every single time they do it. Most definitely something to model in eCommerce.
Final Thoughts
There is A LOT that we covered in this post, and it's main goal was to stimulate your brain into thinking of new ways that you can make money online selling all kinds of different things or leveraging all kinds of different skills. I believe that there is no reason for anyone to work a J.O.B. anymore, and if you stick around and keep reading this blog, I think you'll find that will become a reality faster than you know.
As I talk about much more in depth in the How To Get Rich post on Digital Bankroll, you'll learned the basics of what it takes to make money online. Also be sure to check out The Ultimate Guide To Making Money Online if you haven't yet. It will teach ya what ya need to know!


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SEBI slapped a fine of Rs2 lakh on one Dimple Shah and another Rs3 lakh on Piyush Shah for manipulative and deceptive trading which led to creation of artificial demand and a false appearance of trading in the shares of BGSL
Mumbai: Market regulator Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) imposed a total penalty of Rs5 lakh on two individuals for alleged fraudulent trade practices in shares of Betala Global Securities Ltd (BGSL), reports PTI.
In two separate orders, SEBI slapped a fine of Rs2 lakh on one Dimple Shah and another Rs3 lakh on Piyush Shah for manipulative and deceptive trading which led to creation of artificial demand and a false appearance of trading in the shares of BGSL.
"I am of the view that the facts of the present case clearly bring out an element of fraud and unfair trade practices indulged in by the noticee through brokers in connivance with other entities of Mahesh Mistry Group," SEBI's adjudicating officer PK Kuriachen said in similarly-worded orders.
In a probe conducted by SEBI, the regulator found a spurt in the share price of BGSL during 2nd May to 21 November 2003. The regulator said the company's scrip price jumped by 254% and a total of 1.54 crore shares were traded.
SEBI said a group of clients connected to each other and collectively referred to as 'Mahesh Mistry Group' traded in the shares of the BGSL. Both Dimple Shah and Piyush Shah were found to be part of the group.
Dimple Shah had acquired 54,300 shares valued at Rs26.60 lakh and sold a total of 7,910 shares for Rs7.33 lakh of the company, SEBI said.
On the other hand, Piyush Shah bought 5.32 lakh shares for Rs4.24 crore and sold 6.82 lakh shares for Rs5.67 crore.
The RINL issue has already been deferred thrice since the filing of the draft prospectus with market regulator SEBI on 18th May last year
New Delhi: State-run Rashtriya Ispat Nigam's (RINL) Rs2,500-crore initial public offer (IPO) is unlikely to hit the market in current fiscal as it has to start the process anew following expiry of the offer document filed with Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI), reports PTI.
"The company had filed red herring prospectus with SEBI on 8th October hoping to launch the IPO on 16th October. Now, it has gone past three months and with this, it has lost validity. This calls for submission of documents afresh which take some time," a Steel Ministry official said.
"Taking the time required for RINL to file offer document into consideration, it is unlikely that the issue will be launched within the current fiscal," he added.
The RINL issue has already been deferred thrice since the filing of the draft prospectus with market regulator SEBI on 18th May last year.
First, it was put on hold as a result of volatile market conditions and then due to a major explosion, which took place during the trial of a new oxygen control unit near the steel melting shop at Vizag Steel Plant (VSP).
Finally, in October last year, it was deferred following disagreements on the pricing of issue with merchant bankers.
The issue was supposed to kick-start the government's Rs30,000 crore disinvestment process for the current fiscal that has mopped up a little over Rs6,900 crore so far. Ten PSUs that include Oil India, NTPC, Bhel and SAIL are on the list of the government's disinvestment programme.
RINL is the second largest state-owned steel maker in the country producing three million tonnes per annum (mtpa) at its lone facility at Visakhapatnam. The capacity is being raised to 6.3 mtpa in the current fiscal.
The Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs in January had approved disinvestment of 10% of governments 100% stake in the firm.
Separately, the Bombay High Court has deferred hearing on a case filed by SEBI against a CIC order that asked the regulator to disclose details of an insider-trading case involving Reliance Petroleum, prior to its merger with Reliance Industries
Mumbai: The Securities Appellate Tribunal (SAT) has postponed hearing to 21st February on the petition filed by Reliance Industries Ltd (RIL) against market regulator Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI)'s rejection of its plea for consent settlement, reports PTI.
Earlier SAT had adjourned the case to 24th January, after the regulator sought more time to prepare its defence.
When contacted, an RIL official also said the hearing has been postponed to 21st February.
At the last SAT hearing on 11th January, SEBI lawyer Shiraz Rustomjee had said that the regulator had received the RIL petition only on 10th January and that it did not get time to study the same.
The SAT is being presided over by member PK Malhotra.
Meanwhile, the Bombay High Court has deferred hearing on a case filed by SEBI against a Central Information Commission (CIC) order that asked the regulator to disclose the details of an insider-trading case involving Reliance Petroleum prior to its merger with Reliance Industries.
A division bench of Justices SZ Vajifdar and Mridula Bhatkar was informed that Reliance had already moved the Delhi High Court challenging the CIC order which is slated for hearing on 30th January.
The Delhi High Court had earlier granted interim stay on the order. Following this, the Bombay High Court adjourned hearing into SEBI's petition till 21st February.
At the last SAT hearing, Rustomjee had also challenged the maintainability of the RIL petition, saying it was a non-starter and that under the consent procedure, appeals were not contemplated and therefore, the tribunal should decide whether to admit the petition at all.
Janak Dwarkadas, representing RIL, had said his client had to go into an appeal as it felt that SEBI had acted in a discriminatory manner in the case.
Reliance Industries had sought to settle certain investigations into alleged violation of insider-trading norms in sale of shares of its erstwhile subsidiary Reliance Petroleum in 2007, but the application to settle the matter under SEBI's consent framework was rejected by SEBI.
Consequently, RIL filed an appeal before the SAT.
RIL's appeal against SEBI was earlier scheduled to be heard by SAT on 4th January, but was adjourned to 11th January.
RIL is believed to have challenged SEBI's decision to reject its application and also the recent changes made by SEBI in the regulations governing settlement of cases through the consent mechanism--especially for cases already under consideration.
Under SEBI's consent mechanism, companies can seek to settle cases with the market regulator after payment of certain charges and disgorgement of any ill-gotten gains.
In May 2012, SEBI tightened the regulations for settlement through consent framework, as a result of which many cases including those related to insider-trading, cannot be settled through this mechanism.
On 3rd January, SEBI published a list of 149 consent pleas, including 16 from entities related to RIL group, which it had found unsuitable for settlement through consent process. These include applications of RIL itself and that of RIL Chairman Mukesh Ambani's close aide Manoj Modi.