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The people in these pages feel real and as they progress, it takes on a wandering and disassociated form.
In the U.K., an undesired tongue kiss was disassociated with rape under the 2003 Sexual Offences Act.
Such it unquestionably is, but its practicality is not disassociated from idealism.
Champlain must, however, be disassociated from this opposition.
All social functions gravitate in that direction, we see; the two cannot be disassociated.
Put ashore at Nitendi from a Hobart Town whaler for mutinous conduct, he had disassociated himself for ever from civilisation.
Are they all decomposed by very high temperatures, as compound substances are "disassociated" by less elevated temperatures?
He disassociated his hopes from both his disciplines and experiences; everything seemed not only possible but easily possible.
How completely he disassociated Ukrainia from Northern Russia may be judged by the conspectus of his lectures written in 1832.
The idea of art will, perhaps, prove to have been disassociated for a few years only, and for a small group of intelligences.


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6 Overall coordination and supervision Lorenzo Valenti - Deputy Director, Wildlife Office Coordination Claudio Groff Edited by: Natalia Bragalanti Claudio Groff Renato Rizzoli Paolo Zanghellini With the contribution of: Trento Science Museum (MUSE) Citations The graphs, maps and all the data contained in this report may be quoted, making reference to: Groff C., Bragalanti N., Rizzoli R., Zanghellini P. (editors), 2015 "2014 Bear Report, Forestry and Wildlife Department of the Autonomous Province of Trento Cover page Bear in the fog Photo by Massimo Papi (with camera trap) - APT Forestry and Wildlife Department Archives Back cover Spider s web in the fog Photo by Claudio Groff - APT Forestry and Wildlife Department Archives Photos without captions Claudio Groff - APT Forestry and Wildlife Department Archives Layout and graphics: APT Wildlife Office - Publistampa Arti grafiche 100 copies printed by: Print centre of the Autonomous Province of Trento Trento, May 2015 Digital version at:
7 CONTENTS Presentation page 5 Introduction page 6 Acknowledgements page 7 1. Monitoring page 8 2. Damage compensation and prevention page Management of emergencies page Communication page Training and experimentation page National and international links page Conferences page 71 Appendix 1 - The lynx page 72 Appendix 2 - The wolf page 75
9 Presentation 2014, the year to which this report refers, was undoubtedly distinguished by the Daniza case, which gave rise to sensationalist media coverage and increased interest in the Trentino bear project. It is therefore necessary to dedicate some preliminary considerations to the matter. In the light of the situation that developed, there is no doubt that the management strategies adopted to date must be re-evaluated, and this is precisely the process begun by our organisation during the season when operations are at a standstill; it is likely that this will lead shortly to the adjustment of certain procedures. It is however equally certain that the position taken by many in relation to the events was not the result of an objective and responsible approach, and led to categorical condemnation of the whole provincial administration and the staff who work there, without taking into any consideration the commitment demonstrated over the course of the years to supporting the project and dealing with the difficulties resulting from it. It has not been easy to operate in a similar context, while attempting to maintain an overall perspective. It has required a great deal of conviction and enthusiasm, despite the substantial and at times ferocious criticism arriving from several quarters. First of all we must therefore express our genuine appreciation for the work of the Wildlife Office and the staff of the Trentino Forestry Service, who dealt with the essence of the matter throughout the whole period, while others preferred to pay attention to appearances. Equally sincere thanks must also go to the technical staff at the Ministry of the Environment and ISPRA, who have demonstrated a clear-cut vision and authoritative and constant support, and to the international experts who have worked alongside us in this process, sharing their experience and showing their willingness to collaborate. Presentation of this new report must therefore be seen as an opportunity to note the importance of continuing a process interrupted in 2014, designed to overcome the biggest obstacle in the bear project, namely the lack of a popular consensus in the Trentino area. This was not talked about last year, because the media uproar excited by the Daniza case ended up by overshadowing all other aspects. The data regarding the evolution of the bear population, once again shown to be at a standstill, nevertheless demonstrates the urgency of the need to provide suitable answers to problems that have already been reported several times. All of us working on this particularly demanding project with such enthusiasm hope that 2015 will represent a real opportunity to take up the subject once again and to regain a sense of proportion. DOTT. MAURIZIO ZANIN Manager of the Autonomous Province of Trento s Forestry and Wildlife Department 5
10 Introduction The brown bear has never completely disappeared from Trentino, which is thus the only area in the Alps that can proudly affirm the continuous presence of bears. However, protection of bears, which began in 1939, has not eliminated the risk of their becoming extinct. Direct persecution by man and, to a lesser extent, environmental changes taking place in the last two centuries, reduced the original population, bringing it to the threshold of extinction. At the end of the 1990s there were probably no more than three or four bears remaining, confined to the north-eastern Brenta area, the last bears in the Alps. However, just when all seemed lost, there was a reversal of fortune, originating in the action taken by ABNP, which started up the Life Ursus project together with APT and ISPRA, co-funded by the European Union. Between 1999 and 2002 this led to the release of 10 bears (3 males and 7 females), giving rise to the current population. The release of the bears was preceded by a detailed feasibility study supervised by ISPRA, which ascertained the environmental suitability of a sufficiently large area to play host to a viable bear population (40-60 bears), which is the minimum aim of the project. This area extends well beyond the confines of the province of Trento, also involving neighbouring regions and countries. Following the conclusion of the phase involving the release of the animals, the phase dedicated to the conservation and ordinary management of the bear population, perhaps even more demanding, began in For this purpose the provincial government set out the operational guidelines on which these management activities should be based in resolutions no of 26 June 2002 and no of 9 August Specifically, six programmes of action were identified (Monitoring, Damage Management, Management of Emergencies, Staff Training, Communication and National and International Links), which represent the underlying structure followed in this report. 6
11 Acknowledgements The information coming from genetic monitoring presented in this report is available thanks to the large number of organic samples collected during the year by the people listed below, to whom our most sincere thanks must go, and as a result of the work of Francesca Davoli and Patrizia Giangregorio, from ISPRA, who materially carried out the genetic testing: Albertini Ivan, Angeli Fabio, Bagatoli Tiziano, Baggia Mauro, Baldessari Michele, Benvenuti Mauro, Bonapace Elio, Borghetti Tommaso, Caliari Angelo, Calvetti Roberto, Calvetti Valter, Collini Gelindo, Dallabetta Luca, Debarba Marta, Degiampietro Giugliano, Dorigatti Enrico, Dorna Riccardo, Gentilini Jessica, Ghezzi Gianni, Ghezzo Alessandro, Groff Claudio, Luzzani Massimiliano, Menghini Giorgio, Michelon Giuseppe, Moncher Erwin, Monte Roberto, Mosconi Giordano, Penasa Gianni, Peterlana Egidio, Piazzi Luciano, Pincelli Giuliana, Pincigher Lorenzo, Piva Paolo, Radoani Alessio, Rizzoli Renato, Rossi Domenico, Stoffella Alberto, Stringari Adriano, Todeschini Bruno, Tolotti Maurizio, Verones Andrea, Vettorazzi Massimo, Vettori Gabriele, Volcan Gilberto, Zanghellini Paolo, Zeni Matteo, Zeni Michele.. 7
12 1. Monitoring Monitoring of the bear has been carried out continuously by APT for 40 years. Over time, traditional survey techniques in the field have been supplemented by radiotelemetry (a method first used in Eurasia, in the second half of the 1970s), automatic video controls by remote stations, camera traps and finally, since 2002, by genetic monitoring. The latter technique is based on the collection of organic samples (hairs and excrement) and takes place using two methods commonly described as systematic monitoring, based on the use of traps with scent bait, designed to capture hairs using barbed wire, and on opportunistic monitoring, which is based on the collection of organic samples found in the area during routine activities. In the last few years, genetic monitoring has represented the most crucial technique for collecting information regarding the bear population present in the province. This was carried out for the thirteenth consecutive year, coordinated by APT s Forestry and Wildlife Department, with the collaboration of ISPRA, ABNP, MuSe and volunteers. The data is collected and processed on an annual basis, with reference to the solar year (1/1-31/12), which effectively coincides with the bear s biological year, making it possible to take stock of the situation just before new births and during the period of the year in which the species is least active. The wolf is a different case, and the need to exploit the winter season for monitoring and take stock before new litters are born leads most researchers to define its biological year as going from 1/5 to 30/4. It is nevertheless implicit that the monitoring techniques cited do not guarantee that all the bears present in the area will be detected, so the data in this report must be interpreted bearing in mind this intrinsic limitation. In 2014 genetic testing was again carried out by technicians from the conservation genetics laboratory at ISPRA. The samples collected (hairs, faeces, tissue or other) are sent to the laboratory for genetic tests, carried out using standard protocols; the data is validated using population genetics software. The methods developed, in accordance with the provisions of PACOBACE, provide for amplification of ten different genomic regions (DNA microsatellites) and molecular sexing of all the hair and faeces samples collected by staff and sent to the institute s laboratory. The high risk of error associated with analysis of samples collected using non-invasive techniques demands optimisation of laboratory procedures, designed to minimise the risk of genotyping errors. With this scope the multiple amplification approach has been adopted, involving repeating a series of tests until a genotype considered to be reliable is obtained. Reliability was established using statistical evaluation, carried out using the Reliotype programme. This calculates the likelihood of the particular genotype observed effectively belonging to the population, based on the allele frequency observed in the population of reference and on the number of repeat tests providing concordant results. If the reliability of the genotype arrives at or exceeds 95% it is accepted and the sample identified is added to the database. Following processing of the initial results of genetic tests, the combination of genotypes identified is subjected to careful quality control carried out subsequently, through comparison of genetic data, sampling and data coming from other activities in the field (telemetry, sightings etc.) designed to identify samples potentially subject to error. Further tests are used for these samples in order to clarify any uncertainty. Finally, blind tests are carried out regularly by the authority (with checks designed to reveal any possible errors in the system of analysis). As regards the level of heterozygosity of the bear population, ISPRA underlines that heterozygosis, estimated through the panel of microsatellite loci in the population genotyped in 2014, is H = This figure shows a good level of heterozygosis, comparable 8
13 with the values observed in other European brown bear populations. Currently the brown bear population in Trentino tends to maintain the heterozygosis transferred following their relocation. The heterozygosis of the source bear population (Slovenia) is high, thus allowing the population reintroduced to maintain a high level of genetic diversity. Estimation of the population using the CMR (capture, mark, recapture) system As already mentioned in the 2013 Bear Report (on page 5), for the first time last year an overall estimate of the size of the bear population was prepared, in the context of collaboration with MUSE, Trento Science Museum, the main content of which is summarised in Box 1. BOX 1 - Estimate of the size and density of the brown bear population in 2013 In 2014 collaboration between APT and the Vertebrate Zoology Department of MUSE, the Science Museum, was started up in order to take a closer look at certain aspects linked to the ecology and dynamics of the brown bear population. The assignment provided for (i) exploration of the different datasets available, (ii) estimation of the extent and density of the brown bear population in 2013, and (iii) exploration of the potential of using existing data to obtain reliable estimates of demographic parameters regulating changes in the size of the population (namely the number of individuals) over time. Data coming from systematic sampling via the network of hair snares was used to obtain identification of individual bears through DNA testing. The data was gathered over the course of 5 sessions, from 28 May to 31July 2013, using a total of 100 hair traps (50 x 2 sessions) with an average space of 1701 m between them (see Figure A). The sample included a total of 24 individual adults, 14 females and 10 males. The tests did not include cubs (bears less than one year old in 2013) in order not to violate the assumption of independent contact between different individuals, although recent research suggests that the violation of this assumption has little influence on the estimation of parameters (Reich et al. 2014). To estimate the density of the bear population, spatially explicit capture-recapture models were used (Borchers et al. 2006, Royle et al. 2014). The models considered can include a gender effect on density (different density of males and females), the basic probability of contacting individuals and the use of space. In addition to gender, the effect of altitude on the density of individual bears was also considered. In order to extend the models, a resolution of 500m was used, with a buffer zone of 20 km around the network of traps (prior to verification of a buffer zone of 10 and 30 km). The models best supported by the data include differentiated density for the sexes and no substantial effect of altitude on the density of individuals. An estimate based on the parameters led to an average density of 1.31 females / 100 km 2 ( , 95% CI) and of 0.28 males / 100 km 2 ( ). It should be underlined the density estimates refer to the sampling period (around two months) and to the area effectively sampled by the traps, the latter not being directly measurable but only possible to estimate using a spatial capture-recapture model. At the moment the best models do not include non-ho- 9
14 mogeneous density in the space and for this reason density maps will not be presented. Future studies will be able to investigate the environmental characteristics leading to spatial changes in the density of individuals in more detail, including anthropogenic constraints that limit the use of space by bears. For females an average range of movement of m from the centre of their activities is estimated, from which one can deduce an average home range of km 2. This conclusion is however conditioned by certain assumptions, such as for example the lack of influence of the traps on the ways in which individuals used the space. The estimated average range of movement around the centre of activity for males is less precise, probably in relation to the low density of individuals with a much more extensive home range as compared to the females. In this case the extension of the network of traps would not be able to provide representative information on the use of space by the males. This could explain the estimate of km 2 for the average home range of males. It is pointed out that there is no single and specific definition of the centre of an individual s activity. In the literature it is identified as the centroid of the individual s home range, or the centroid of the activities of an individual during the period of sampling (Royle et al. 2014). In general, this point is unknown for each individual, but can be estimated through repeated sightings of the individuals in the space. Graphic representation of the outline of the home range for females is shown in Figure A, which essentially shows the confidence intervals in 2D for the different home ranges, given the best model used. By adding these confidence intervals together, a cumulative probability surface area is obtained for the centres of activity for observed and non observed individuals (estimated). It is underlined that this does not correspond with the surface area of the density of individuals and that the graph in Figure A can erroneously suggest pattern interpretations that have not been included in models. The graph indeed only regards one output for the model applied, emphasising information relating to the individuals observed, and the Figure A surface area shown is influenced by the intensity of the sampling procedures, tending to change shape gradually as new data is added. For further details see Borchers & Efford Sum of the probable density for the centres of activity of the females home ranges. The surface area has a resolution of 1145 m and is delimited by the buffer zone of 20 km established around the traps (red crosses). The contour lines are 500 m apart. With 10
15 the limitations explained, it can be interpreted as a representation of the superimposed home ranges of the females. The greater the figure shown in the key by D.sum, the greater is the number of home ranges superimposed in a certain cell. Population dynamics Integrated analysis of the different datasets available for the brown bear population in Trentino from 2002 to 2013 is currently underway. Individual datasets can indeed be ineffective for estimating demographic parameters and the size of the population with sufficient precision for understanding increases or decreases in this population (see, for example Schaub et al. 2007). The use of integrated population models has recently become an important tool in the biology of conservation and management of wildlife, making it possible to maximise the scarce information available for a species in order to study population dynamics and threats (Schaub et al. 2010, Tenan et al. 2012). In addition to estimating demographic parameters, the scope of the study is to obtain age-dependent estimates of anthropogenic and natural mortality rates. Furthermore, analysis of disturbance will be carried out starting from the integrated model, to understand how some demographic parameters (e.g. number of cubs) can compensate for theoretical decreases in survival rates. The study provides for mathematical integration of the following types of data, available on an annual basis: (i) counting of the total number of individuals (on a genetic basis), (ii) number of cubs, (iii) systematic capture-recapture (on a genetic basis), (iv) individuals found dead for different reasons, (v) size of the harem, (vi) pedigree. The research takes place in collaboration with the Population Ecology Group of IMEDEA (CSIC-UIB, Spain). From this analysis we anticipate that the overall estimate of the size of the population in 2013 with 95% probability, was between 34 and 51 individuals (median 42). In contrast with the estimate of the density of individuals given above, this last estimate does not refer to any specific area and includes all individuals that can potentially be sampled using the methods adopted (so also outside Trentino). Further details will be provided in the article currently being written. Literature cited: Borchers, D.L., Laake, J.L., Southwell, C. & Paxton, C.G.M. (2006) Accommodating unmodeled heterogeneity in double-observer distance sampling surveys. Biometrics, 62, Borchers, D.L. & Efford, M. (2008) Spatially explicit maximum likelihood methods for capture recapture studies. Biometrics, 64, Reich, B. & Gardner, B. (2014) A spatial capture-recapture model for territorial. Environmetrics, in press. Royle, J.A., Chandler, R.B., Sollmann, R. & Gardner, B. (2014) Spatial Capture-Recapture. Academic Press, Waltham, MA. Schaub, M. & Abadi, F. (2010) Integrated population models: a novel analysis framework for deeper insights into population dynamics. Journal of Ornithology, 152, Schaub, M., Gimenez, O., Sierro, A. & Arlettaz, R. (2007) Use of integrated modeling to enhance estimates of population dynamics obtained from limited data. Conservation Biology, 21, Tenan, S., Adrover, J., Navarro, A.M., Sergio, F. & Tavecchia, G. (2012) Demographic consequences of poison-related mortality in a threatened bird of prey. PloS ONE, 7, e Edited by Simone Tenan and Paolo Pedrini (MUSE-Science Museum) 11
16 Collection of organic samples A total of 688 organic samples from large carnivores were collected in the province of Trento in of these were sent for genetic testing (526 using the standard system and 5 with the rapid system). Some of the samples collected (157) were not sent for testing, as they were duplicates (or further repeats) of samples which had already been successfully analysed. It was possible to attribute 494 samples (393 hair, 99 faeces and 2 tissue samples) to the bear, 35 to the wolf and 2 to dogs. The organic samples related to bears were collected from rub trees (226), damage sites (85), a bear carcass (2) and elsewhere (181). The 494 samples analysed in 2014 brought the total number of organic samples related to the bear collected and subjected to genetic testing since 2002 to 6,165. The fact that genetic monitoring has now been carried out for thirteen consecutive years makes it particularly interesting, as the medium-long term timescale for these activities (generally difficult to keep up and hence rare, perhaps without precedent), makes certain types of analysis possible which would be unthinkable with more fragmentary monitoring. The 531 organic samples analysed were collected by the staff of the Autonomous Province of Trento (328; 62%), ABNP (185; 35%) and by volunteers (18; 3%). Further samples were collected outside the province, contributing towards determining the total number of bears from this population identified; the data was kindly provided by the Autonomous Province of Bolzano, the Lombardia Region, the Veneto Region and the Autonomous Region of Friuli Venezia Giulia. The trend in relation to the number of samples collected in Trentino over the last thirteen seasons can be seen below (Graph 1). Graph N of samples N of organic samples analysed by method Systematic Opportunistic Total Year TOT. Opport System * TOTAL N of traps * *within the ABNP alone 12
17 Monitoring of rub trees During 2014, (for the fifth consecutive year) the Forestry and Wildlife Department, with the collaboration of MuSe and ABNP, again carried out monitoring of rub trees, namely plants on which bears leave signs of their presence by leaving their smell and hair on the bark. For the second year running, this monitoring activity took place in a standardised manner, as described below and with the results given. Overall, 156 trees equipped with barbed wire were monitored, with the scope of collecting organic samples, assessing the possible significance of the use of these trees by bears and consequently understanding how useful they may be in monitoring the population (photo 1). The checks, carried out every three weeks from April until November, with a total of 10 sessions, provided for the collection of samples of organic material from each positive rub tree (collected exclusively from the barbs of the barbed wire). In order to avoid changing the habits of bears, no lures were used. Identification and monitoring of the sites was possible thanks to the local knowledge of staff from the Wildlife Office, the park wardens of ABNP, the staff of the Trentino Forestry Service, forest wardens and volunteers. During the season 276 hair samples were collected. A total of 11 bears were genotyped; 9 males and 2 females (representing 39% Photo 1 - Bear checking a rub tree (APT Wildlife Office - Adamello Brenta Nature Park Archives) of males and 12% of females known to be present in the area studied in 2014, also considering all the cubs). Of these 9 were adults and 2 youngs. In the five years of monitoring ( ), a total of 25 bears actively frequented the rub trees. For the third and final year, photographic monitoring of rub trees was also carried out (box 2). BOX 2 - Photographic monitoring of rub trees The results of rub tree monitoring using camera traps are presented here for 2014, the last year in a three-year study carried out through renewal of the agreement signed by APT and MuSe - the Science Museum, and in collaboration with ABNP. The main scope of the study was to obtain quantitative and qualitative data on the use of rub trees by bears, in relation to the frequency and ways in which they are used by the different sexes and age groups and during different seasons. Secondly, the camera traps made it possible to obtain important information on seasonal variations and the activities of bears in general, along with information about numerous other species. Repeating the data collection system adopted in previous years, 20 IR-plus camera traps were used. 13
18 The cameras were attached to trees opposite the chosen rub tree, at a height of around 2 metres and an average distance of around 4 metres. They were set to video mode, with continuous filming (20 second sequences) and the date and time of the footage impressed on the image. They were equipped with a 4 GB memory card, making it possible to record hundreds of videos, also thanks to the extensive operational autonomy guaranteed by an external battery, in addition to the internal batteries. The camera traps were checked every 3 weeks by APT/ABNP staff, in order to download the data and control the batteries. In order to guarantee comparability of the results in different years, the rub trees chosen for monitoring in 2014 were the same as those used in previous years, with the exception of 2 sites which were Figure A - Location of photo traps positioned on rub trees changed because the cameras had previously been stolen or because the rub trees were not visited in Overall, the 20 sites (of the 156 rub trees recorded in 2014) represent a sample uniformly distributed in the area used most regularly by bears (Figure A). The 25 sites covered by camera traps in the period were positioned at an altitude ranging between 750 and 1560 metres a.s.l. (average altitude 1192 m). 15 rub trees were monitored using camera traps in all three years of the study; this consistency over time for most of the sites monitored made it possible to compare data obtained in different years. Photographic sampling was carried out during the period of activity of the species, specifically from 13 March to 17 November 2014, with a total of 3,318 camera days in terms of effective operation (an average of 175 days per camera). The sampling was not quite as extensive as expected (3655 days), due to reduced operation by some of the cameras be- 14
19 cause of full memory cards or problems with batteries, and to the theft of one camera. The extent of the sampling was consistent with sampling in 2013, both in terms of the number of days and seasonal coverage, whereas in 2012 the sampling was less extensive as it was started up in May. Population dynamics The cameras recorded a total of 5,449 videos of animals and men, of which 286 of bears. The results were similar to those obtained in 2013 (4962 videos, of which 285 of bears) and in 2012 (4736 videos of which 128 of bears). Individual events relating to the passage of bears (or other species) were counted, joining together sequential videos because they referred to a single event (such as a bear checking and using a rub tree for example), or in the event that the same animal spent a long time in front of the camera, leading to several videos within a standard time interval (established as 1 hour). In this way 215 individual events (or separate events independent of each other) resulted for bears (as compared to 213 in 2013 and 110 in 2012), with an average of 10.8 per camera (from a minimum of 1 to a maximum of 61). Graph 1 shows that there was slightly more activity in 2013 and 2014 as compared to 2012, particularly during the June-September period. There seems to have been more activity by bears at the rub trees in the summer period from May to July, but preliminary analysis of qualitative correlation of activity with climatic Graph 1 - Seasonal changes in the activity of bears in the three-year period, as recorded at rub trees monitored with camera traps, expressed as the % of sites recording the presence of bears in relation to the total number of sites monitored with camera traps. N indicates the overall commitment in terms of the total number of sites (cameras working for all months) Percentage of sites recording the presence of bears Seasonal changes in activity ( ) April May June July August September 2012 (N=121) 2013 (N=140) 2014 (N=142) Average October November parameters did not show any clear correlation either with rainfall (which if anything was lower in the summer months of 2013 as compared to 2012 and 2014) or with temperature, which was similar over the three years. The bears behaviour at rub trees was assigned to one of 3 categories: (1) indifferent (bear did not stop at tree), (2) checking of tree, (3) rubbing (photo A). Graph 2 shows the percentages for these different categories of behaviour for the 215 individual events recorded, overall and by age group and sex. It is interesting to observe that the frequency of the behaviour by age group and sex showed a trend rel- 15
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Billionaire Boys Club July Delivery Available Now
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BBC returns with a large collection of shirts, tanks, and shorts for this season. Including their popular Classic Helmet Logo design, the delivery features new designs to keep you looking sharp this summer. Browse the gallery below for a closer look! Phone Orders 702-463-3322 or email@example.com. International Shipping available.
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With a market cap of has a large market cap size. Citigroup Inc. (NYSE: C) has been on the stock market since its IPO date on the 1/3/1977. Citigroup Inc. is in the Money Center Banks industry and Financial sector. Average volume for Citigroup Inc., is 20771.86, and so far today it has a volume of 15482100. Performance year to date since the 1/3/1977 is -7.10%.
To help you determine whether Citigroup Inc. is undervalued the following values will help you decide. P/E is 10.06 and forward P/E is 9.21. PEG perhaps more useful shows that Citigroup Inc. has a value for PEG of 2.71. P/S ratio is 2.42 and the P/B ratio is 0.66. The P/Cash and P/Free cash flow is 0.21 and 3.69 respectively.
At the current price Citigroup Inc. is trading at, 47.79 (0.65% today), Citigroup Inc. has a dividend yield of 0.65%, and this is covered by a payout ratio of 4.20%. Earnings per share (EPS) is 4.75, and this is looking to grow in the next year to 11.93% after growing 146.10% this past year. EPS growth quarter over quarter is -17.30%, and -3.50% for sales growth quarter over quarter.
The number of shares outstanding is 2915.8, and the number of shares float is 2903.28. The senior management bring insider ownership to 0.11%, and institutional ownership is at 73.60%. The float short is 0.98%, with the short ratio at a value of 1.37. Management has seen a return on assets of 0.80%, and also a return on investment of 8.30%.
The ability for Citigroup Inc., to deal with debt, means it current ratio is *TBA, and quick ratio is *TBA. Long term debt/equity is 0.88 and total debt/equity is 0.88. In terms of margins, Citigroup Inc. has a gross margin of *TBA, with its operating margin at 67.00%, and Citigroup Inc. has a profit margin of 24.20%.
The 52 week high is -14.85%, with 39.09% being its 52 week low. The 20 day simple moving average is 6.84% and the 200 day simple moving average is 6.84%.
Disclaimer: Remember there is a risk to your investment, this is not a recommendation, nor personal advice, never invest more than you are able too loose.


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If you'd bother to read my post Liberty, you'd know that I too am a charitable neighbor and friend. Your constant whining for more money has me and the entire nation losing interest.
Something about 'Give a man a fish and he eats for a day...'. I suggest you and the local authorities spend the federal money wisely. If LA fails to do so, this FReeper won't be the only one with harsh words for the good people of LA.


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Wearing a boutonniere for a wedding, or special event, is something you don't do everyday. However, when the occasion arises, you must keep the boutonniere looking good. After the boutonniere's are fashioned, and before figuring out how to pin them on and where to place them, you may need to store them for a bit. There are ways to keep a boutonniere fresh and ready to use, even if there will be hours before wearing it at the wedding or event.
Things You'll Need
- Spray bottle
- Tissue
- Small box or corsage bag
- Portable cooler
Check the tape around the base of the flower and make sure it is snug. Spray the boutonniere lightly with some cool water.
Place the misted boutonniere on a tissue. Put the tissue with the boutonniere on it, into a box with a lid, or a corsage bag.
Keep the boutonniere in the box, and store it in a portable cooler. Keep it moist and cool until you are ready to use it.
Tips & Warnings
- Have a spare boutonniere on hand.
- If you use a refrigerator to store your boutonniere, keep the enclosed box in the refrigerator drawer by itself, to avoid the gases from food.
- Do not store your boutonniere in the freezer as this will kill it.
Related Searches
- Photo Credit Jupiterimages/Polka Dot/Getty Images Maria Teijeiro/Digital Vision/Getty Images Marc Debnam/Digital Vision/Getty Images Jupiterimages/Photos.com/Getty Images
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Orange isn't wasting any time in pimping its iPhone inventory. Just after announcing cheaper tariffs for its recently acquired iPhone 3G and 3GS, the operator has announced an app for Orange Wednesdays, its 2-for-1 movie offer.
It's a free info app with links to film reviews and trailers, what's on and where, and also lets you receive and redeem the 2-for-1 cinema voucher via your iPhone. There's some neat integration going on, with a feature to find your local participating cinema and show the location on a map, as well as invite a friend by email, with film and venue details.
Available now for iPhone and iPod Touch at the App Store.


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Vocations Home
Vocations Blog
Our vocations blog is on hiatus, but you can read the archived posts here.
Home \ Social JusticeSocial Justice
We respond to the cry of the poor – women, children and Earth – with concrete actions.
On one Sunday each month, you will find Sisters of Providence united with others in a prayer vigil in downtown Seattle to raise awareness about the problem of human trafficking.
Once a year, you will find us engaged in peaceful, nonviolent protest of the School of the Americas in Fort Benning, Ga.
At other times we are at immigration rallies, corresponding and visiting with legislators to discuss vital issues, and taking a stand in corporate boardrooms.
As part of Sisters of Providence International, Mother Joseph Province is involved in the Center for Justice, Peace and Integrity of Creation (CJPIC). It was created in 2005 in Montreal to provide information and support for the sisters and their ministries on global social, environmental and political issues.
In addition, Sisters of Providence, Mother Joseph Province, is one of 16 religious communities that co-sponsor the Intercommunity Peace & Justice Center. Founded in 1991, the center is a nonprofit organization that networks with a broad range of community and religious groups. IPJC "acts for justice in the church and in the world."
Sr. Charlene Hudon participates in a demonstration against the School of the Americas in Ft. Benning, Georgia.
IPJC's website includes resources for action on various topics, from awareness to involvement to leadership. Under IPJC's umbrella is the Northwest Coalition for Responsible Investment (NWCRI), founded in 1994, which welcomes membership of any faith-based institution, religious community or its related organizations located in the Pacific Northwest. IPJC is "a regional collaborative organization of faith-based institutions committed to using their power as investors to shape a more just world. Members use their rights as shareholders to dialogue with companies about corporate policies and practices in order to promote peace, and economic and environmental justice."
For more on the Sisters of Providence involvement in environmental issues, and specifically water as a justice issue, visit Reclaiming Earth.
IPJC's website resources include a continuum of action to push for an end to the death penalty. The continuum begins with strategies for awareness, then for involvement, and finally for leadership on the issue.
Sisters of Providence corporate stance on the death penalty
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Social Justice Resources
Stop Trafficking!
An anti-human trafficking newsletter (pdf)
Related: Seattle Times urges action to end human trafficking
Other Resources
Copyright © Sisters of Providence


text:
As any good reporter knows, drama drubs data. You want to convince someone of something, sell someone something or compel someone to action? A great story beats a spreadsheet, every time.
This is a lesson all journalists learn early and many scientists have trouble getting into their large craniums. Unless you can make your audience engage with a story, all your numbers are just like the muted trombone sounds in a Charlie Brown special when the teacher is talking. Waah, waah, waah.
You think Jenny McCarthy has a following because she knows how to use Excel?
Stories about income tax almost always start with an anecdotal lead: "Josh and Anita Roseman are going to have a little more to save for their daughter's university education this year …" and Ms McCarthy can spout rubbish about her son, autism and vaccinations and all the data becomes so much number gumbo.
but, telling a human story isn't the only way to bring integers to life.
Good infographics can serve to illustrate a narrative hidden in data. Using carefully data points, charts, text and typography, they can brighten dull numbers and bring clarity to buried insights and patterns. They tell a compelling story with pictures. The best don't dumb down data, they focus it. Besides, really, nothing is a dumb as presenting a mass of grey numbers and expecting anyone to care.
Human interest stories and great infographics are old tools in a communicator's utility belt.
But, there's a new kid in town. Interactive infographics.
Software tools like Qlik and Tableau make it possible for organizations to take reams of data and turn them into pie charts, scatter graphs and maps that you can publish to the Web or even embed on your own site. The magic of these new tools is that these infographics allow your users to play with the data themselves. You could, for example, publish an infographic that shows major pollution sources across Canada. But then your users, by just highlighting certain segments of the charts, zoom in on a province, or if you had the data to support it, their own city. Or you could publish epidemiological data and then users could drill down on just, say, women aged 19-34 in Alberta and all the pie charts, bar graphs etc would change in response to that specific data set.
Both Qlik and Tableau offer free software trials, and both are relatively easy to use. Qlik is more powerful if you are looking to unpack relationships between multiple data sets. Tableau, however, is much easier to use if you want to get quick interactive graphics up online.
What this means, in terms of storytelling, is that users can find their own drama in the data, discover stories hidden in the numbers or even identify outliers that might have new stories to tell. "Why are so few women in Nova Scotia getting HPV vaccinations?" for example.
Since we are in the midst of a Big Data sea, these kinds of tools, that allow the visual display of quantitative information, will be an asset to organizations, activists and media outlets who want to crowdsource the discover of the narratives in the numbers.
As with all tools like this, there may be some blow back within your organization from the folks who are the keepers of the data, and/or who see their ownership as a base of power. In the end, I don't think they'll be a real barrier. Like any kind of shift to crowdsourcing (folksonomic tagging, user-suggested stories, comments, shared document analysis) this is an unstoppable force that will soon be the way much data is presented online.
The sooner you learn the tool the sooner you can let your audience discover their own drama in what used to be the drab data that, it turns out, cleans up real nice.


text: Held in the Sanctuary, this is one of two Sunday services during the summer months. It features traditional liturgy, with organ and a soloist leading congregational singing. While Church School has finished for the summer and will start again September 7, child care and a Summer Story Hour for second-graders and younger are available. Communion is held the first Sunday of every month. Coffee hour meets in the Edwards Room after worship.


text:
Response to This Guy's Mom Asked Him To "Sober Up" And Make A Proper Christmas Card, Something She Now Probably Regrets:
How pathetic
Response to What's The Cutest Picture In The Entire World?:
The cat with the beanie baby wins
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The cat with the beanie baby wins
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Targeting a new GPCR to treat glioblastomas
Award Information
Small Business Information
720 Broadway, Suite 411, SEATTLE, WA, -
Principal Investigator
Name: ERIC HORNE
Phone: (206) 579-7844
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Phone: (206) 579-7844
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Business Contact
Name: NEPHI STELLA
Phone: (206) 579-7844
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Phone: (206) 579-7844
Email: email@example.com
Research Institution
Name: Stub
AbstractDESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): There is an urgent need for novel therapies to treat malignant astrocytomas, the most common and aggressive primary tumor of the nervous system. Using current standard of care, patients diagnosed with these tumors havean average life expectancy of 18 months and there is no effective treatment available. The laboratory of Dr. Nephi Stella recently discovered a new subclass of indole compounds that activate GPR124, a GPCR with established relevance in tumor pathogenesis.These indoles demonstrate efficacy in both in vitro and in vivo rodent models of malignant astrocytomas. Notably, the therapeutic effective doses of indoles do not produce overt toxicity in mice. The goal of Stella Therapeutics is to develop drugs that target GPR124 and efficiently treat malignant astrocytomas with minimal side-effects. In this proof-of-concept work, we will: Aim 1: Validate an in vitro assay tha measures the potency of GPR124 agonists in human astrocytoma cells. Use this assay to screen 40analogues of NMP-192 (EC50 = 54 nM). Aim 2: Select the 2 most promising compounds and establish their pharmacokinetic and acute toxicity profiles in mice, as well as measure their in vivo efficacy in a xenograft mouse model of malignant astrocytomas. Bythe end of this Phase I SBIR, Stella Therapeutics will have developed a lead compound that activates GPR124, exhibits in vivo efficacy and induces minimal side effects. The resulting phase II SBIR will further optimize the drug-like properties of the leadcompound by using state-of-the-art medicinal chemistry and chemo-informatics. We will systematically measures their therapeutic efficacy and side effects to establish a therapeutic index. Stella Therapeutics is dedicated to developing and patenting novel drug-based therapies to treat malignant tumors. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: There is an urgent need for novel therapies to treat malignant astrocytomas, the most common and aggressive primary tumor of the nervous system. This phase I SBIR outlines a strategy to develop a new therapeutic approach to treat these tumors. By combining the strength of several state-of-the-art approaches in drugs development, we will develop small molecules that activate a novel therapeutic target expressed by malignant astrocytomas. Stella Therapeutics is dedicated to developing and patenting novel drug-based therapies to treat malignant tumors.
* information listed above is at the time of submission.


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text:
This time on Straight Fraternity, it's Kevin's turn to put his big black dick through the glory hole and be pleasured. As he's getting his cock sucked gives verbal abuse, "suck that dick!". Choking on the thick, black meat, our tattooed cock-sucker turns around and puts his slutty against the hole to take a quick bareback fuck before Kevin shoots his loads down the guy's throat.
See more at Straight Fraternity


text:
MA - Two Capitals Programme
University of Kent, Brussels Schools of International Studies
MA - Two Capitals Programme
The University of Kent's Two Capitals Programme gives students a unique opportunity to learn about international affairs in a global context. Students spend one year at the Brussels School of International Studies before moving to another global capital to broaden their understanding of international studies.
The programme allows students to specialise in one of the following disciplines; international relations, conflict and security, international political economy, public policy or international development, as well as experience different approaches to international studies on different continents and in different global capitals. Students on the exchange programme gain an insight into the nature of change as an endemic feature of politics on a national, regional and global scale; an understanding of the causes of change; and ways in which to manage that change. They also gain a firm understanding of the complex relationship between the concerns of domestic and international politics, and global and geopolitical issues.
Applicants, who should initially apply for one of the programmes listed below, will be expected to have completed the taught courses of their chosen programme and have achieved an average of a Merit before applying for one of the exchanges as part of the Two Capitals Programme. A decision on whether a student may undertake an exchange will be made in May for those students who started their masters in the previous September and in February for those students who started in January.
- MA in International Relations
- MA in International Conflict and Security
- MA in European Public Policy
- MA in International Development
- MA in International Political Economy
Washington DC
The Two Capitals Programme in Washington DC is based on exchange agreements with Virginia Tech and George Mason University.
- Students wishing to undertake their exchange at Virginia Tech (VT) will be enrolled on the Government and International Affairs programme of the School of Public and International Affairs on VT's National Capital Region Campus in Alexandria and will study towards a Masters in Public International Affairs (MPIA).
- Students wishing to study at George Mason University will be enrolled on Master of Public Policy programme at the School of Public Policy in Arlington, VA.
The Two Capitals Programme in Beijing is based upon an exchange agreement with the Chinese Foreign Affairs University (CFAU) which is the only institution of higher learning which operates under the guidance of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China. The University trains high calibre Chinese diplomats in the fields of Foreign Service, international studies, and international business and law and offers an unparalleled experience for foreign students.
Under the current exchange students attend CFAU's First Term (Sep to Jan) and have the opportunity to learn the Chinese language alongside political science courses in English:
- China's Economy & Its Economic Relations with Foreign Countries
- International Relations: Theory and Practice
- History of Sino-American relations
- Approaches and Methodologies in the Social Sciences
- Introduction to International Relations
- Diplomacy of Contemporary China
- Contemporary Diplomacy of China in World Politics
- Foreign Policy Analysis
The University covers the cost of tuition and provides insurance cover, however, students are expected to pay for flights, accommodation and living expenses. Accommodation costs at CFAU are about €180 per month per person; two person room with en-suite facilities.
Other Capitals
Work is currently underway to develop exchange agreements in Bogota, Brasilia, Moscow, Tokyo, Seoul and Ankara.
This school offers programs in:
- English
Last updated October 17, 2016


text:
Okafor, Bobcats win second straight, top ThunderDec 4, 2008 - 3:49 AM By Derek Smith PA SportsTicker Contributing Writer
CHARLOTTE, North Carolina (Ticker) -- Emeka Okafor dominated in the paint once again and led the Charlotte Bobcats to a 103-97 victory over the Oklahoma City Thunder on Wednesday.
Charlotte won back-to-back games for the first time since picking up three straight March 26-29 last season and has earned wins in four of its last six outings.
The Thunder, who were also looking for their first back-to-back victories of the year, fell to 1-5 under interim head coach Scott Brooks.
"I think we're getting a little better," Charlotte coach Larry Brown said. "Guys are getting better, especially the way Gerald (Wallace) is playing all around and Emeka's improvement."
Okafor had a double-double for the second straight game with 25 points and 13 rebounds after totaling 24 and 10 in Monday's win over Minnesota. The Bobcats' center dropped in 16 points in the second half and made 8-of-11 from the floor.
"Things just started flowing," Okafor said. "It was a matter of guards finding me and being able to get the ball in the paint. We're being more aware of finding openings in the system. Ray (Felton) is doing a better job of finding me in the paint and now I'm expecting it."
Okafor quickly built on Charlotte 's lead as the fourth quarter started, putting back a Sean May miss for an 80-72 lead. Joe Smith capped a quick 6-0 Thunder spurt to make the score 80-78, but Gerald Wallace and DJ Augustin answered with five points of their own as Charlotte again built a comfortable lead.
Augustin nailed a 3-pointer to put Charlotte ahead 90-83 and Oklahoma City was never able to get closer than four the rest of the way.
The Bobcats forced 18 turnovers, including back-to-back steals in the third that resulted in two more easy back-to-back baskets for Wallace and Augustin and a 73-64 lead.
May's dunk with 9:01 to play put the Bobcats ahead for good. A third-year forward out of North Carolina , May has been plagued by conditioning issues all season but logged a season-high 26 minutes with 10 points and 11 rebounds.
"It's about time," May said. "I felt good. I just played and good things started to happen. I stopped worrying about things."
Oklahoma City took its largest lead of the game, 40-34, behind a 15-5 run in the second quarter. Russell Westbrook had all seven of his points during the run.
Charlotte jumped to an early lead thanks to hot shooting and took a 24-16 lead midway through the first period after a 14-4 run.
Oklahoma City was led by 24 points from Kevin Durant and 18 from Jeff Green in the losing effort, four nights after it snapped a 14-game losing streak with its first road win of the season, 111-103, over Memphis.
"We didn't make stops when we needed to," Durant said. "We played hard, we played together and we shot well. We just need to make more stops towards the end."
The Bobcats also picked up 21 from Wallace and 18 from Jason Richardson while Felton dished out 12 assists.
"We've really come together the last two games," Felton said. "Hopefully we can continue to keep it going and keep winning."
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text:
Hello all! I am new to Spiceworks (which is really sweet by the way) and had a quick question to hopefully illicit some suggestions on some equipment and other considerations.
I am the IT Specialist for a home entertainmet company (we are an RSP for DISH Network). I have a pretty good network here (managing 80 users), but won't get into that right now as it is not relevant really.
The owner of this business actually also owns a high end salon and spa, which sits on a road perpendicular to this one and has a direct free and clear line of site between this building and the salon building with a distance of no more than 100 yards, I am sure.
Currently, we have internet service in both locations. The salon has a fairly low speed service as they do not use too much of the internet, a simple router and only 3 computers.
I wanted to do a feasability study of cutting out their internet service at the salon, and connecting it to our network at the main business via a wireless LAN using two devices to transmit between the two locations.
The owner so far likes the idea (as do I - less back and forth and maintenance for me).
What are some considerations that I should make as well as any downside to this set up? Also, any recommendation on some decent equipment to pull this off would be great as well. Thanks!
7 Replies
Nov 12, 2009 at 1:40 UTC
Wow, for 3 people computers? I don't know that I would bother. Install LogMeIn Free on the workstations so you can access them anytime... also set it up so you can VPN into their place anytime if you need to get to the firewall.
You have to measure the TCO here. What would it cost to get a reliable, secure connection, how much time & energy would be taken by you putting it in place? How reliable would this thing be in weather? Are you in snow country?
Nov 12, 2009 at 1:50 UTC
I agree, but we are so close that it just doesn't seem cost effective to keep paying outrageous ISP costs if we can integrate here. Additionally, I would like to have them on the server network and on the domain for better control and visibility. It does snow here on occaision, but not that much at all (am in SW VA).
I (and the owner) realizes that there will be a hardware cost initially; however, if he will save money in time and internet charges, he will be good to go on that.
Nov 12, 2009 at 1:58 UTC
Have you looked into alternative ISP's? DSL, cable, etc? Comcast has business cable for about $175/month that's 10mbit down, 2mbit up. Use something like that and a site-to-site VPN and you could accomplish everything you want.
That said, I'm not sure most wireless equipment would be up to the task (take most of the distance estimates on those antenna and reduces to a tenth and you'll have a better picture of true distances). At least a few years ago reliability was a real issue and something as simple as a truck driving by could interrupt service. You'd have to look into higher end equipment, I'm sure.
Nov 12, 2009 at 2:03 UTC
Yeah, I plan on assessing that avenue as well.
What about something like this?
Seems to be doing exactly what I want it to do and the cost is pretty good. I would, of course, need to research reviews on this, but either way..this seems to be what I am looking for. I already checked Cisco out, but we all know that is much too costly (and probably too powerful) for what I need it for.
Nov 12, 2009 at 3:45 UTC
100 yards in SW Virginia...
Have you contacted the ISPs out there?
I would look into direct cable runs as most of the infrastructure should already be in place and would be really simple for them to simply set you up a Point-to-point connection.
Nov 13, 2009 at 8:37 UTC
If the property lines are touching then I would recommend trenching a fiber cable between the two buildings. If the properties are divided by a road then I think that you have a great idea.
Nov 13, 2009 at 11:05 UTC
If your telco service will allow you can extend services to that bulding through the local telco loop.
NO trenching no pulling cable and no buying another router.
Call your telephone vendor and ask him to do it for ya.. He probably knows what I am talking about.
What happens here is the telco providor will use an existing pair on your 66 block that loops into the outside main telco demark. Since your other building is within 100 yards its a great chance that building is in the same main dmark. The telco providor will use exisitng pairs to swing or cross connect the lines to the other building.
Just so you know you wont get the best performance but it will work.
This discussion has been inactive for over a year.
You may get a better answer to your question by starting a new discussion.


text:
- liney
- adjective see line I
New Collegiate Dictionary. 2001.
New Collegiate Dictionary. 2001.
liney — adj. marked with lines; full of lines; resembling lines (also spelled liney) … English contemporary dictionary
liney — variant of liny * * * /luy nee/, adj., linier, liniest. liny. * * * līnˈy or līnˈey adjective • • • Main Entry: ↑line * * * liney see liny … Useful english dictionary
liney — /luy nee/, adj., linier, liniest. liny. * * * … Universalium
liney — /ˈlaɪni/ (say luynee) adjective (linier, liniest) → liny … Australian English dictionary
John Liney — John J. Liney (1912 January 29, 1982) is an American cartoonist, most famous for the Henry strips. He was an assistant of Carl Thomas Anderson and continued the strips from his death in 1948 until 1979, when poor health forced him to stop. He was … Wikipedia
Centre for Magnetic Resonance Investigations — The Kingston Upon Hull Centre for Magnetic Resonance Investigations (CMRI), which opened in 1992, is a magnetic resonance imaging centre located in the city of Kingston upon Hull (Hull) in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England, UK. It is situated … Wikipedia
Doncaster Rovers F.C. — Doncaster Rovers Full name Doncaster Rovers Football Club Nickname(s) The Rovers Donny Founded … Wikipedia
Henry (comic) — and began distributing the comic in 1934. Sunday strips first appeared in 1935. In 1948, Anderson died, and the comic continued to be drawn on weekdays by John Liney and on Sundays by Don Trachte. When Liney retired in 1979, the strip was… … Wikipedia
Jerry Pinkney — Born Jerry Pinkney December 22, 1939 (1939 12 22) (age 71) Occupation Author and Illustrator … Wikipedia
line — I. noun Usage: often attributive Etymology: Middle English; partly from Anglo French lingne, from Latin linea, from feminine of lineus made of flax, from linum flax; partly from Old English līne; akin to Old English līn flax more at linen Date:… … New Collegiate Dictionary


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I started with a new dentist about 10 years ago. After evaluating my mouth, she recommended Invisalign Express (10 trays or fewer). My teeth were not seriously crooked but were slightly misaligned. I wasn't sure at first, but after looking around at work, I realized that ALL of the younger people had nice, straight, beautiful teeth. I decided to go for it. I started out with the 10 trays, but after the 10th set, my bottom teeth looked worse than before I started. My dentist took pictures and impressions and worked with Invisalign to make it right. They did. I got about 5 more bottom trays and that did the trick. I think that crooked teeth really age a person. I am very happy with my result and recommend the process to anyone considering it. However, be advised -- you have to continue wearing the aligners long past the day your teeth are straightened in order to maintain. I am still wearing mine at night.
Straightened Teeth at 54 - Atlanta, GA
I started with a new dentist about 10 years ago....
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