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RGB Scanning. For Color Management. Introduction. Limitations of accuracy and technical support
- Dora Muriel Perkins
- 2 years ago
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1 RGB Scanning For Color Management Version 32, May 2011 Introduction RGB scanning offers many advantages over scanning direct to CMYK, provided you have high quality custom ICC profiles for your scanner, monitor, and output device. Note that today's scanners usually offer "professional" and "novice" modes, and the chosen mode may affect how a profile is best created. Creating a professional scanner profile begins by scanning an HCT scanner target to a raw RGB file, with no color adjustments or processing applied by the scanner. A good raw RGB scan should maintain all the tonal values and color variations in the original, but will usually look a little dull or de-saturated when first opened in an application like Adobe Photoshop. When the scanner profile is assigned to the raw image, a very close match to the original should be seen, provided the monitor profile and viewing conditions are good. A novice-style scanner profile requires that any automated exposure or contrast functions are ON when the target is scanned, but that all color management functions are temporarily OFF, to produce an "automated-raw" image The problem with some scanners is that their default RGB mode does not give raw RGB, but rather color-managed' RGB, that is bright and saturated but may clip or plug some colors. This paper offers some general advice for getting truly raw RGB from virtually any scanner and gives detailed instructions for a few specific scanners. Some hints are given for optimizing the quality of an ICC scanner profile, and an optimized RGB workflow is outlined. Limitations of accuracy and technical support This information is offered on an as-is basis but may be incomplete or inaccurate in many areas. Please do not ask for technical support or advice unless you are a client of Hutcheson Consulting in good standing, or prepared to become one. For customized RGB profiling and workflow training tailored to the needs of professional pre-press and creative users, contact the author; CASUAL USERS BEWARE! This paper does not try to simplify color management. It was written to help experienced scanner operators and photographers get the most out of their investment. The following pages can be highly technical. You have been warned.
2 RGB Scanning For Color Management 2 C O N T E N T S Introduction 1 RGB scanner setup Basic goals 3 White and black density settings 3 Measuring scanner tone response curve 3 Ideal tone curve 4 8 bits vs 16 bits per channel (bit depth) 6 Benefits of high-bit scanning 7 Disadvantages of high-bit scanning 8 How many bits are enough? 9 Exporting in Pro Photo RGB from Adobe Camera Raw 9 RGB from CMYK scanners Forcing RGB from a CMYK color computer Stripping the black channel Specific scanner settings Heidelberg 3000 series LinoColor or NewColor software ICG 360i ScanXact software Fuji Lanovia Quattro Fuji Celsis drum scanners (recent software versions) Crosfield drum scanners (older software versions) Kodak EverSmart Supreme (oxygen Scan software) Creo iqsmart 3 (oxygen software) Scitex EverSmart (Scitex software) 35mm transparency profiles Why 35mm profiles often seem too dark Lightening 35mm profiles Optical flare Problems caused by optical flare Minimizing flare BEFORE scanning Minimizing flare AFTER scanning Creating a scanner profile Setting up the scanner Creating the target scan Cleaning up the target scan Creating the profile Extended range profiles Extending shadow detail Extending highlight detail Production RGB scanning Basic rules Changing scanner settings RGB image editing Unsharp masking (USM) About the author
3 RGB Scanning For Color Management RGB scanner setup This section describes how to get the best possible Raw RGB image from a scanner whose natural domain is RGB. If your scanner can only deliver CMYK files, go to the section RGB from CMYK scanners. Basic goals The basic goals of RGB scanner setup are to; Set white and black sensitivities to the widest density range possible for the material being scanned. Create an ideal tone response curve for optimum distribution of digital values. Eliminate any built-in color correction or color management (at least while profiling). Eliminate any automated functions, such as finding white and black, cast removal, etc. (except if creating a profile for a "novice" workflow). White and black density settings The range of tones a scanner can see is largely defined by its highlight and shadow settings. Prior to color management, highlight and shadow were set separately for each original, but with color management the scanner should NOT be adjusted for each scan, as that may invalidate a profile created with other settings. All your color management scans should be made with exactly the same white and black settings as when the profile was created. Better scanners allow the white and black settings to be manually defined in terms of white and black densities. To be safe, these densities should slightly exceed the widest possible range of any original, for example: White density Black density Reflection Transmission Measuring scanner tone response curve Your scanner must also have a suitable tone response curve (TRC.) This can be tested several ways, e.g: Mount and scan a carbon or dye gray scale (e.g. a Kodak ST-34). Open the RGB scan in Photoshop and write down the RGB values for every second step. Plot the RGB values on graph paper against the density values 1 of each step. 1 For most accuracy, measure your own scale on an accurately calibrated densitometer to get the density values, otherwise divide the step numbers of the ST-34 by ten to get the approximate density of each step.
4 RGB Scanning For Color Management 4 Testing densities up to 4.0 or higher Many slide films produce densities as high as 4.0 or higher in one or more dye layers, but most gray scales only have densities as high as about 3.2, making them unsuitable for testing the response of a high dynamicrange scanner. To study tone response up to 4.0 density or higher, cover one side of the gray scale with a 1.0 or 2.0 Kodak Wratten ND filter and add 1.0 (or 2.0) to the marked densities. Extending a 3.2 density gray scale past 4.0 Determining a scanner s D-max Scan the gray scale or scale/filter sandwich (see above) and open the resulting file in Photoshop In the Levels dialog, move the upper right-hand slider (white point) almost all the way to the left The density at which no further separation is visible between scale steps represents the limit of sensitivity or D-max of your scanner. Note that the maximum shadow step can be difficult to determine, as shadow sensitivity usually degenerates gradually over a range of steps. The effective D-max is the point at which useful detail is lost. Ideal tone curve The ideal RGB tone curve can be produced by setting the scanner to a gamma of 2.8 (if available), as shown in the blue (upper) line in the following graph. The red (lower) line shows the compressed shadow detail provided by traditional drum scanners, which typically translate density linearly into L*. Blue (upper) line: Optimum tone curve for CMS scanning Red (lower) line: Typical CMYK drum-scanner curve
5 RGB Scanning For Color Management 5 What s behind this curve? In theory, the ideal scanner tone curve should distribute all 256 levels in an 8 bit image evenly throughout the Lightness (L*) range, and decrease linearly as lightness is reduced. However a true L* graph (shown by the red line) provides too little shadow detail for many transparencies and has a sudden contrast change at very high densities, which can cause problems in profiles or CMMs. A simple gamma number of 2.8 (blue line) produces smoother, more open shadow detail and avoids the sudden contrast change, yet preserves virtually the same highlight-to-middle tone contrast as L*. Other gamma values can also give good results. Many scanners cannot see densities as high as 4.0. This graph and suggested gamma is only a guide. Typical RGB vs Density numbers Typical 8-bit digital values are given below for gamma values from 1.8 to 3.0, and neutral densities from 0.08 (a typical transparency D-min) to 4.0, which is the highest D-max typically seen in transparency film. L* and Y values are also given to make the chart useful for a gray scale calibrated in density (e.g. the Kodak ST-34) or a scale calibrated in L* or XYZ (e.g. the grays in an IT8 or HCT target.) NOTE: You do NOT need to match these numbers exactly! A reasonable match at just two or three points on the curve should be enough to produce a good tone curve, even if it differs from the theoretical ideal. Typical RGB 8-bit values vs density and L* at various gamma numbers Plotting L* tone curve To plot a scanner tone curve in L* units, convert each gray scale step density to L* with the following table. For intermediate density values estimate an average of the next higher and lower values. Density to L* conversion chart Testing L* response with an IT8 or HCT target Open the RGB scan in Photoshop and write down the RGB values for every gray scale step
6 RGB Scanning For Color Management 6 Plot the RGB values on graph paper against the L* values listed for each step in the target reference file 2 If you don t have time to plot a proper tone curve, just look for the following approximate values. IT8 target HCT target Adjusting scanner tone curve If your scanner s tone response curve deviates too far from the suggested curve, you can alter it by adjusting the tone controls and/or internal setup functions. For detailed instructions see your scanner manual. 8 bits vs 16 bits per channel (bit depth) The best quality and flexibility will be achieved when scans are made with the highest possible bit depth. Most newer scanners even cheap desktop models can export RGB files in either 8 or 16 bits per channel, 2 To read the L* values, open the reference file in Microsoft Excel or a text editing program like BBEdit.
7 RGB Scanning For Color Management 7 (24 or 48 bits per pixel). Each additional bit doubles the number of levels available, so even a 10 bit scan offers significantly better tonal smoothness than an 8-bit scan, as shown by the following table, however note that, contrary to some claims, higher bit depth is not necessarily linked to higher dynamic range. Is it really 16? Bit depth Tone levels In most cases the useful bit depth will be somewhat less than 16, typically 10 to 14 bits per channel, depending on the scanner s optics, signal processing, and ADC (Analog to Digital Converter). To clarify this, the late Bruce Fraser (co-author of Real World Photoshop and Real World Color Management) coined the phrase High-bit to refer to images with anything greater than 8 bits-per color per pixel. Because computer hardware is based on multiples of 8 bits, the next available file size after 8 bits is 16 bits per channel, so this is what is delivered by the software in High-bit mode. If the number of real bits is less than 16, the least significant bit registers are padded with zeros, meaning you will get a 16 bit per channel file, but depending on your scanner it may contain less than 16 bits of useful data per channel. Benefits of high-bit scanning The two main benefits of high-bit scanning are improved tonal smoothness and greater post-processing flexibility. Tonal smoothness is defined by the number of tone levels, or steps, per channel from white to black. Post-processing flexibility can be measured by how much the contrast of a small tonal region can be expanded without loss of tonal smoothness. Whenever quality is paramount, always use the 16 bit or high bit option. Post-processing benefits High bit scanning typically delivers many more levels than most output processes can resolve, hence by some arguments the extra levels are wasted. However these extra levels can dramatically improve output quality when significant tone or color edits are necessary. For example, imagine an extremely dark image scanned in 8 bits, with a highlight value of only 63, vs the optimum value of 255. After it is lightened in Photoshop, the final image will only have 64 levels in its entire tone scale, instead of the normal 256. To make matters worse, such an image will usually need extreme curve lightening, for example a middle gray (about 127 in a normal image) may only be 8 in an extremely dark image. Moving 8 to 127 via Curves or Gamma correction may restore the image to normal lightness, but there will only be 8 levels from mid-tone to black, instead of the normal 127, hence the image will appear posterized in dark shadow areas (see illustration below). By contrast, if the same original was scanned with 14 true bits per channel, the same highlight area would start with about 4,048 levels on a 16,383 scale, and the middle-tone area would start with about 514 levels, so even after extreme curve correction, a full range of smooth tones will be visible without posterization. Is there really a visible difference? A common misunderstanding is that the difference between 8 bit and high-bit images is purely theoretical, with no visible advantage. This severely under-exposed digital camera image proves there really can be a major visible difference between processing in 16 bits versus 8 bits.
8 RGB Scanning For Color Management 8 Quality difference between 16 and 8 bit images after extreme shadow tone expansion Shadow areas show unwanted posterization in the 8 bit image (right) compared to the smooth high-bit image (left) Here the raw 16 bit scan of an under-exposed transparency (left) was reproduced twice. The middle image was edited in Photoshop CS in 16 bits. For the right image, the raw 16 bit scan was first converted to 8 bits, then the same edits were applied. Lighter tone quality is about the same in both, but after correction in Photoshop, deep shadow areas and dark greens are much smoother in the high-bit (16) version. Color Management benefits A more subtle, but very important, advantage of high-bit scanning is that pale pastel colors are often reproduced less accurately when the scanner profile is applied to a raw 8-bit RGB file, than when applied to a raw high-bit RGB file. This is because a scanner profile often produces quite strong changes in subtle color regions, which means a 1/256 value in the raw RGB file may be too coarse to describe the color accurately. This is one of the limitations of scanning raw RGB on older drum scanners. Whenever possible, scanner profiles should be created from high-bit target scans, and should be applied to the raw image while it is still in high-bit mode. Newer scanners designed for an ICC RGB workflow usually allow this, either by exporting raw high-bit scans, or by applying the profile internally before outputting a color-managed 8 bit image. Disadvantages of high-bit scanning The main disadvantage of high bit scanning is that file sizes are double those of 8 bit scans (so more storage is required) and disk access or network transfers will be twice as slow. Applications like Adobe Photoshop may also run slower. If you plan on editing high-bit files in Photoshop buy as much RAM as you can afford (typically 2GB or more) and keep as much scratch disk space available as possible. If these issues are a problem, do your first round of edits in high-bit RGB, then convert the image to 8 bits for storage and subsequent edits.
9 RGB Scanning For Color Management 9 How many bits are enough? For years it has been assumed that 8 bits (256 levels) are enough to ensure a smooth image in visual terms, but this number results more from convenience than scientific fact. When drum scanning first moved from analog to digital in the early 1970s, anything more than 8 bits per channel was cost-prohibitive. In fact one of the big criticisms of early digital drum scanners was their tendency to quantization artifacts (a.k.a banding, posterizing or contouring) in deep shadows, but 8 bit per channel digital drum scanners were eventually tolerated in return for their improved stability. While 8 bits per channel have become accepted for commercial print work, 8 bits are barely adequate for photography and image editing applications. Now that 16 bit scanning and editing are easy and affordable, serious imaging experts and photographers needing maximum quality should scan in high-bit mode, and ideally archive a high-bit version of their most important images. Casual users for whom quality is not the number one concern (e.g newspapers and in-house publications) can safely continue to scan, manipulate and archive images in 8 bits. Exporting in Pro Photo RGB from Adobe Camera Raw When exporting highly saturated images from Adobe Camera Raw, the best color space option is Pro Photo RGB, but be careful how you use it. Like all simple tri-coordinate RGB color spaces, ProPhoto RGB looks like a triangle in a plan view of the CIEYxy diagram. The points of the Pro Photo triangle extend well outside the "shoe-sole" figure that defines the saturation limits of human vision. The basic problem is that RGB triplets that lie outside the shoe-sole boundary line on the Yxy diagram refer to non-existent "colors" that have no real meaning. This is especially a problem in the blue region with Pro Photo. The good things about Pro Photo RGB It covers a slightly greater area on the CIEYxy diagram than Best RGB, so theoretically it covers a larger part of the real-world visual color space. Any color translated into Pro Photo from a real-world profile will remain a real color, hence Pro Photo is a safe temporary holding tank, or vehicle, so long as you don't edit the image. The dangers with Pro Photo RGB If you stay in Pro Photo while retouching or editing, it's very easy to create RGB values that are outside the real world, and which will therefore clip if converted to a real-world color space. Like all wide spaces (including Best RGB and Don RGB) the distance between 8-bit color samples in Pro Photo RGB can be large enough to create chroma banding, at least in theory. Safe rules If exporting a high-saturation image from Adobe Camera Raw, by all means smuggle the image out inside the Pro Photo RGB space, but be sure to export in 16 bits per channel, not 8, to avoid banding. Once exported, convert the image to a legal wide space like BestRGB or DonRGB4, remaining in 16 bits. Do as much color editing in 16 bits as possible, flattening to 8 bits per channel as late as possible. When finished with all your edit layers, flatten the image before converting to 8bits. If banding or plugging (typically in shadows) is visible on the monitor in a 16 bit image, don't panic. Photoshop only uses the high 8 bits of a 16 bit for screen display. To confirm the file is OK, temporarily flatten the image and convert it to 8 bit mode. If the display improves, the file is better than it looked on screen and it's safe step back in history to your 16 bit file. Just ignore how ugly the screen looks.
10 RGB Scanning For Color Management 10 RGB from CMYK scanners The RGB option on some older CMYK scanners creates a processed RGB file from CMYK values which may lose some of the original RGB data. The following procedure should deliver a more faithful, or raw RGB file. If your scanner s RGB option already produces raw RGB then ignore these instructions. Forcing RGB from a CMYK color computer Neutralize gray balance, (make C, M and Y signals equal on neutral grays) Disable GCR, UCR and UCA, so that C, M and Y reach 100% in the darkest black areas Disable all color correction or color tables Create a suitable tone curve (see Ideal Tone Curve) Save the image as a CMYK file Convert to RGB by stripping the black channel (see below) Stripping the black channel Open the CMYK file in Photoshop and select Window... Channels Drag the black channel from the list into the trash can at the bottom of the palette Dragging the black channel to the trash can in the Channels window Select Image... Mode... RGB Color. (This simply renames the CMY channels as RGB.) After Mode-RGB the CMY channels change to RGB Save the new RGB image under the same name. IMPORTANT: If used for profiling, this process must also be used for production scans.
11 RGB Scanning For Color Management 11 Specific scanner settings If your scanner is not listed here, contact your service provider and ask how to achieve the aims described in this document. Note that the settings shown here may change with software or hardware revisions. If you do not recognize the settings or files, contact your scanner manufacturer for help. Heidelberg 3000 series There are two ways to set up Hell 3000-series scanners for true RGB scanning. The Direct-RGB method exports an RGB file directly but eliminates any possibility to alter the 16-8 bit curve applied inside the scanner, apart from end densities. The Strip-K method lets you modify the internal curve but yields a CMYK file from which you have to strip the K channel to get true RGB. Although the 'Strip-K' method seems clumsy, the conversion from CMYK to RGB is very fast and can be applied as an action or with a scripted hot folder. Both methods are in common use and deliver virtually identical results. The choice simply depends on your workflow goals. If you want to eliminate all decisions prior to scanning and have a common setup for all originals, then the 'Direct-RGB' method is simplest and slightly faster. If you plan on using different setups, for example a special curve to improve extremely underexposed originals, then use the 'Strip-K' method. Heidelberg 3000 series Direct-RGB method The following method (thanks to Tommy Scarborough, RRD Dallas) produces an RGB file directly but eliminates any possibility to alter the internal scanner curve except for end densities. For more control of the internal scanner curve, use the Strip-K method described below. Select the H110-TIFF-R-DIA setup supplied with the scanner Set White density to 30 (transmission) or 25 (reflection) for 0% Set Black density to 300 (transmission) or 280 (reflection) for 100% NOTE: In the TIFF-R mode, a White density setting of 30 is equivalent to a highlight density of about 0.08 and a Black density setting of 300 is equivalent to a shadow density of about Don t ask me why! In the USM dialog, switch the first two values (white line and black line) to zero TRANSMISSION: Perform a transmission Basic alignment on the clear drum, or through the oil and overlay film, (if oil-mounting) REFLECTION: Perform a reflection Basic alignment on two layers of super-smooth, high-brightness (97 or higher) Laser-printer paper, or equivalent Scan the target and save it as a TIFF RGB file Open the RGB image of the target in Photoshop CHECK WHITE DENSITY: If R, G or B reads 250 or higher in the white patch of the target, reduce the White density by 5 (e.g. from 30 to 25) and repeat the scan CHECK BLACK DENSITY: If R, G or B reads 5 or lower in the infinite density patch, increase the Black density value by 10 (e.g. from 300 to 310) and repeat the scan SAVE THE FINAL SETUP for future use Heidelberg 3000 series Strip-K method The following method smuggles raw RGB data out of the scanner inside a CMYK file. The black channel is stripped and the CMY channels are inverted to produce an RGB file. The advantage of this method is that experienced operators can alter the internal 16-8 bit curve to improve under- or over-exposed originals Select the base settings H110-TIFF-RGB DIA Set White density to 10 (0.10) for 0% Set Black density to between 400 (4.00) and 450 (4.50) for 98%
12 RGB Scanning For Color Management 12 OPTIONAL: On the Separation Gradation curve, change the output value for density 1.00 from 47% to 55% for a darker basic scan, or make any other desired curve change In the USM dialog, switch the first two values (white line and black line) to zero TRANSMISSION: Perform a transmission Basic alignment on the clear drum, or through the oil and overlay film, (if oil-mounting) REFLECTION: Perform a reflection Basic alignment on two layers of super-smooth, high-brightness (97 or higher) Laser-printer paper, or equivalent Scan the target and save it as a TIFF CMYK file Open the CMYK file in Photoshop and select Window... Palettes... Show Channels. Drag the black channel from the list into the trash can at the bottom of the palette Select File... Mode... RGB. (This simply renames the CMY channels as RGB) Save the new RGB image under the same name CHECK WHITE DENSITY: If R, G or B reads 253 or higher in the white patch of the target, reduce the White density by 2 (e.g. from 10 to 8) and repeat the scan CHECK BLACK DENSITY: If R, G or B reads 5 or lower in the infinite density patch, increase the Black density value by 10 (e.g. from 400 to 410) or reduce the Black % value (e.g. from 98% to 96%) and repeat the scan SAVE THE FINAL SETUP for future use IMPORTANT: When using the Strip-K setup you must save the scan as TIFF CMYK, not TIFF RGB. If you save an RGB file direct from the scanner (as implied by the manufacturer s default RGB setup), the results will be over-saturated and UNACCEPTABLE for good ICC profiliing series production scanning All production images must be scanned identically to the method used to produce the target scan. If using the strip-k method, production images must also have the black channel stripped. LinoColor or NewColor software LinoColor and NewColor do not let you export raw RGB files, except using the Calibration scan to disk function. However you can install your own profiles and set the software to convert directly to your RGB working space, which in some ways is better than doing the conversion in Photoshop. When making the profile scan the goals remain the same as for any scanner, i.e. use no color correction or USM and aim for a good tone curve from the deepest blacks to the lightest whites. Here s a rough guide. Make a raw scan of your target without color management using the "Calibration scan to disk" option. Make your own ICC profile(s) in whatever profiling software you choose. Make sure the profile(s) have the right tag for reflection or transmission, otherwise the software may not recognize them. NOTE: Some profiling software puts the wrong tag in a scanner profile. If you don't know how to change the tag, contact Heidelberg or your profiling software vendor. Make sure the profile is in the right location for your workstation's operating system. See your scanner s instructions. LinoColor / NewColor production scanning Select the appropriate profile in the scanning software and set the software to convert directly to your RGB working space. An ideal space would be DonRGB4 or BestRGB.
13 RGB Scanning For Color Management 13 ICG 360i ScanXact software The following control settings have produced excellent transparency scans on ICG 360i scanners using the latest software version as of February This software version produces dramatically improved shadow detail in raw RGB scans. Earlier software should be up-graded before using ICG scanners for RGB work. Reflection settings may vary slightly (untested at this writing.) ICG ScanXact windows
14 RGB Scanning For Color Management 14 Fuji Lanovia Quattro The Fuji Lanovia Quattro is an ideal candidate to replace or augment a drum scanner. The Lanovia can export raw RGB images in 16-bits per channel, and has very low optical flare factor at least when new. The Lanovia should always be profiled from a 16 bit/channel scan, even if live scans will be 8 bits per channel. To produce a 16 bit raw RGB scan; Use this setup for creating the profile and production scanning. Select 16 Bits in the Acquire - Input dialog Disable color processing in the Acquire - Output dialog Lanovia Quattro Acquire settings for 16 bit / channel scans Color processing is toggled on and off by clicking on the icon of two meshed cogs alongside the Profile: field. Color processing is disabled when the icon has a red slash through it, as shown in the diagram below. Processing off (OS 9) Note that the embedded profile exported with each image may contain some custom ColourKit edits based on an undefeatable automatic Ranging process. If a truly raw scan is required (without auto ranging) delete the embedded profile and assign the original scanner profile to the image before converting to the working space. This can be automated in an Action.
15 RGB Scanning For Color Management 15 Fuji Celsis drum scanners (recent software versions) The following setup has produced excellent results on the latest Fuji Celsis drum scanners. Note that your software and menu options may differ. If you cannot find the settings or files named here, contact your service provider for help. NOTE: Fuji and Crosfield drum scanners only deliver 200 tone levels, mapped into a 256 level (8 bit) file using error-diffusion to synthesize the missing 56 levels. This means Fuji and Crosfield drum scanners are more likely to suffer from quantization errors ( banding or contouring ) in an RGB workflow. The Alternate Luminosity values shown below may improve highlight-to-mid-tone smoothness, but may be less suitable for dark originals. Normal Main Celsis settings Production scanning Scan with these settings but always manually check the White and Black density values before scanning, as most versions of Celsis software have a nasty habit of forgetting these vital values. Perform an Autobalance on the clear drum (or through the oil and overlay film, if oil-mounting.)
16 RGB Scanning For Color Management 16 Crosfield drum scanners (older software versions) Older Crosfield scanners that are programmed from the keyboard instead of from the Mac may require a different setup, depending on firmware and hardware versions. This setup assumes you will scan to a CMYK file and then strip off the black channel in Photoshop, as described earlier. NOTE: If your scans suffer from banding, contouring or rainbowing, try profiling and scanning with the Aletrnate Luminosity values shown in the Recent software instructions. 1 Perform a full Magnascan boot procedure 2 CAL 199 ENTER (recall full?) YES 3 CAL 12 ENTER 0 ENTER 0 ENTER... (repeat a total of 24 times) 4 C CAL 13 ENTER 0 ENTER 5 ENTER 10 ENTER 15 ENTER 20 ENTER 25 ENTER 30 ENTER 40 ENTER 50 ENTER 60 ENTER 70 ENTER 80 ENTER 85 ENTER 90 ENTER 95 ENTER 100 ENTER 5 M CAL 13 ENTER 0 ENTER 5 ENTER... (etc. - same as step 4, above) 6 Y CAL 13 ENTER 0 ENTER 5 ENTER... (etc. - same as step 4, above) 7 CAL 28 ENTER 0.12 ENTER 0.12 ENTER 0.12 ENTER (0.05 if oil mounted) (0.00 for reflection work) 0.0 ENTER 8 CAL 29 ENTER 4.00 ENTER 4.00 ENTER 4.00 ENTER (2.50 for reflection work) 98 ENTER 9 CAL 503 ENTER 10 ENTER 7.55 ENTER 5.75 ENTER 4.50 ENTER 3.55 ENTER 2.90 ENTER 2.45 ENTER 2.09 ENTER 1.80 ENTER 1.54 ENTER 1.33 ENTER 1.15 ENTER 1.01 ENTER 0.89 ENTER 0.79 ENTER 0.70 ENTER 10 USM 0 ENTER 0 ENTER 11 Save the above CV in a spare block In recent Celsis software it is safe to export the file as RGB, however if this is an older Crosfield scanner, or if there is any doubt, export as CMYK and strip the black channel as described elsewhere.
17 RGB Scanning For Color Management 17 Kodak EverSmart Supreme (oxygen Scan software) The following setup extracts raw RGB from Kodak EverSmart Supreme flat bed scanners using oxygen Scan software. These settings were last tested in May 2011 on software release version At long last, version 2.6 oxygen Scan software has made scanning on an EverSmart Supreme scanner, with a high quality custom profile, simplified and reliable. Scanning the profile target In the Setup Dialog, select... Type: Transparent (or Reflective) Mode: DT File (Other selections as appropriate). Mount the HCT target and mask off any clear glass to minimize flare (see Page 24, Minimizing flare BEFORE scanning.) oxygen Scan Setup dialog Make a high-resolution scan of the target and create an ICC profile. Repeat this process for both transparency and reflective targets and save the resulting ICC profiles with names like Es_Tran_(date) and Es_Ref_(date). EverSmart Supreme production scanning When scanning live images, select Mode: DT File Set Type: Format: Media: Resolution: and Scale: parameters appropriate. In the Input Profile: popup, select the Tran or Ref profile you made in the Scanning the Profile Target procedure (above.) Creo iqsmart 3 (oxygen software) It is strongly recommended that you upgrade to oxygen Scan or later software. If this is impossible, proceed as follows. The following setup extracts raw RGB from Creo iqsmart flat bed scanners using oxygen software. These settings were last tested in January 2003 on release version Your software may differ. Copyright Hutcheson Consulting scanning guide_29 5/23/11
18 RGB Scanning For Color Management 18 Scanning the profile target In the Setup Dialog, select Type: Transparent (or Reflective), Mode: Color RGB, Media: Positive. Click the Input Profile button and select Tr_iQsmart (or any other Input profile it makes no difference as the selected profile will be ignored in this process.) Select None as the output profile. This ensures a raw RGB file will be exported. In the End Points pop-up list select any setting it doesn t matter at this stage. In the Gradation pop-up list select G_Default. Open the Sharpness dialog and set Basic and Extended settings to No Sharp and No Smooth. Mount the HCT target and mask off any clear glass above or below the target to minimize flare. Make a pre-scan of the HCT target. Click the Black/White icon and adjust the end densities until the white patch measures about 250 (Transparent) or 240 (Reflective) and the black border reads 5 to 10 (Transparent) or 10 to 25 (Reflective). Typical end densities may be 0.05 (white) and 4.00 (black) for transparency and 0.15 (white) and 3.00 (black) for reflection. Adjust the Exposure value as needed. A typical Exposure value may be 4.0 to 5.0. iqscan Setup dialog (left) and typical endpoints for transparency (middle) and reflection (right) NOTE: The White, Black and Exposure controls are inter-active and may require several iterations Save the End Points with a name like TranEndpts_(date) or RefEndPts_(date). In the Setup Dialog check the End Points and Sharpness settings have the names you just saved. Make a high-resolution scan of the HCT (or IT8) scanner target and create an ICC profile. Repeat this process for both transparency and reflective targets and save the resulting ICC profiles with names like iqtran_(date) and iqref_(date). iqsmart production scanning When scanning live images, check that the Tran or Ref endpoints file, gradation, and sharpness settings
19 RGB Scanning For Color Management 19 are as saved above. CAUTION: This software has a nasty habit of changing saved values without explanation, so you may need to re-adjust white and black values and sharpness settings for EACH live scan. Select the Tran or Ref profile you made in the Scanning Profile Target procedure (above.) When saving each image, click the embed profile box to tag the image with the correct profile. Scitex EverSmart (Scitex software) It is strongly recommended that you upgrade to oxygen Scan or later software. If this is impossible, proceed as follows. The following setup produced excellent results on Scitex EverSmart flat bed scanners running Scitex software. Your software and menu options may differ depending on release version. These instructions will NOT work if you have upgraded to oxygen software. In the general setup window, select Gradation, Color Table and Sharpness settings shown below (left). Other fields may be different. Make a pre-scan (transmission or reflection.) Click the Black/White icon and set up the end densities as shown below for transmission or reflection. Save the End Points with a name like TranEndpts or RefEndpts then return to the Setup Dialog and make sure the End Points setting is the same name you just saved. Save the setup under an easily recognized name, like ColorSync_Tran_RGB. Scitex scanner settings Transparency (left), Reflection (right) EverSmart production scanning Load this setup every time a transmission or reflection original is scanned. Always check the correct endpoints are points are applied. If not, correct them before scanning.
20 RGB Scanning For Color Management 20 35mm transparency profiles A common complaint amongst ICC-profiled scanner users is that 35mm scans always look too dark. This is usually attributed to a failure of either the target, the profiling software or the very concept of ICC profiling itself, but usually it has nothing to do with these factors. Why 35mm profiles often seem too dark The apparent darkness of 35mm profiles can be traced to how small-format (35mm or 6x7cm) transparencies are exposed and selected for reproduction. In fact most small-format transparencies submitted for reproduction are slightly under-exposed, compared to the typical 4x5 or 8x10 transparency, for the following reasons; Most 35mm cameras employ some form of automatic exposure control based on the amount of light passing through the lens. Any bright spot in the scene, like a high-light reflection or the setting sun, will bias the average metered value and cause the camera to over-react by under-exposing the image. Better cameras analyze scene contrast rather than just simple illumination levels, and are programmed to ignore very bright light sources, but if anything, they still tend to under-expose most images. Given a choice, photographers and art directors tend to choose slightly under-exposed slides for reproduction. This is partly because under-exposure enhances color saturation and partly because 35mm slides are usually evaluated on a slide projector or under a magnifying loupe, both of which tend to illuminate the original more brightly than a standard graphic arts viewing booth. Brighter illumination makes normally-exposed originals look too light, hence darker 35mm originals tend to be submitted for reproduction. If small-format transparencies are selected under conditions that make them appear lighter than identicallyproduced large-format transparencies, it follows that a scanner profile that works well for large-format transparencies will seem to be too dark when used on small-format transparencies. Lightening 35mm profiles The simple solution is to make a modified profile with a built-in lightening edit, just for small-format transparencies. (See Extended-Range Profiles.) To make the best possible 35mm profile, follow all the recommendations described under Optical flare (next) before adding custom lightening edits.
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text:
Dear Linux Magazine Reader,
The same few companies are always in the news. Every month we hear new revelations about SCO, Red Hat, Microsoft, and Novell. This month, however,
a new dancer stepped into the chorus line. The company of the month was definitely Dell. If you haven't been following recent events, you may be asking, "What does Dell have to do with Linux?" Actually, Dell has a lot to do with Linux now that they have agreed to sell computers pre-installed with Ubuntu 7.04. This announcement was met with great enthusiasm in open source circles. Hardware configuration is one of the most challenging issues facing Linux, and if a major supplier like Dell agrees to solve all the problems in advance, it can only be good news. Unfortunately, this wasn't the only Dell deal in the headlines. The honeymoon lasted only a few days, and, just as this magazine went to print, Dell announced that it was signing onto Microsoft's cross marketing deal with Novell. As you probably know by now, the Novell/Microsoft deal has been roundly denounced by the Linux community because it implies that Linux violates Microsoft patents and provides selective indemnification for these alleged violations as a sales perk that is totally contrary to the spirit of the GPL.
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Kolab Now Integrates Collabora Online
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Endless OS, a Distribution Without Internet
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System76 Announces Their Own Distro, Pop!_OS
Pop!_OS is based on Ubuntu and uses the Gnome stack.
Linus Torvalds Talks About His Motivation
He never tires of working on the Linux kernel.
Debian 9 Stretches Its Wings
The new release of Debian has a very strong focus on security.
Trojan Turns Raspberry Pi into a Cryptocurrency Mining Device
Two trojans in the wild are targeting Linux machines.
Fedora 26 Beta Comes with New Features
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Raspberry Pi Foundation Merges with CoderDojo Foundation
The two foundations join forces to expand their efforts to reach young people.
Samba Security Hole Patched but Risk is Bigger
Millions of devices that use Samba Server are vulnerable to attacks.

subset: commoncrawl


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Accessibility tools
Service tools
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The Country-specific Recommendations are documents prepared by the European Commission for each country, analysing its economic situation and providing recommendations on measures it should adopt over the coming 18 months. They are tailored to the particular issues the Member State is facing and cover a broad range of topics: the state of public finances, reforms of pension systems, measures to create jobs and to fight unemployment, education and innovation challenges, etc. The final adoption of Country-specific Recommendations prepared by the Commission is done at the highest level by national leaders in the European Council.
Country overview
Luxembourg's remarkable period of economic growth in the past 30 years was mostly based on the strong expansion of financial services. The country is heavily dependent on its financial sector, which accounts for about 30% of total value added and 25% of collected fiscal revenues.
Luxembourg has made some progress in addressing the 2012 CSRs, particularly on fiscal consolidation. The general government deficit is expected to decrease to 0.2% of GDP in 2013, mostly due to the consolidation measures adopted with the Budget for 2013. In December 2012 the Luxembourgish Parliament adopted the reform of the pension system. However, the reform is rather limited in scope and does not guarantee the long-term sustainability of public finances.
Luxembourg faces major challenges as regards the long-term sustainability of its public finances, the competitiveness and the diversification of its economy, the labour market and greenhouse gas emissions.
2013 European Commission's recommendations for Luxembourg in brief
The Commission has issued six country specific recommendations (CSRs) to Luxembourg to help it improve its economic performance. These are in the areas of:
See how Luxembourg compares with other EU Member States in key areas


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Kenny Chesney
April 10, 2010 by Post Team
Kenny Chesney: Kenny Chesney offers fans a never before seen, forceful and take much more intimate experience with the Kenny Chesney concert: Summer 3D, shot in digital 3D and sound art.
Sony Pictures Releasing special of the programming division of The Hot Ticket presents the film limited engagement from April 21 to May 2 in the movie theaters across the country.
The singer and composer was briefly married to actress Renee Zellweger in 2005 and admits that his workload has made it difficult to commit.
Last year, announced that it would take a short break and only played a handful of summer dates to pay the bills. And Chesney, who began dating Nashville, Tennessee nurse Amy Colley in 2008, is determined to make his new love last.
He tells People magazine, I have a great life, great career, but I need more. No more money. No more fame. More heart. I put myself in a position of having a relationship in my life. Road my life is great because of what I gave to him. If I want the other parts of my life and I know I have to give them too. "
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Newsboy Service: A Study in Educational and Vocational Guidance
World book Company, 1917 - Child labor - 175 pages
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Common terms and phrases
50 cents age and grade average cational census cent Child Labor circulation manager comparison conclusions contributing Curtis Publishing Company customers daily newsboys definite difference district agents downtown earnings economic pressure educational status elementary boys elementary Curtis boys elementary daily boys elementary newsboys elementary school elementary sellers elements employed employment estimate fact gambling George Elliott Howard high-school boys indicates interviews juvenile Kansas City labor large number largest number Long-late Low Ret'd method moral Native born newsboy problem newsboy service newspaper normal number of boys occupation offer older boys p.m. Saturday p.m. school days papers percentage physical pupils purchase Rank in class regular Ret'd 2 mo routes salers school newsboys schoolboys Seattle Public Schools secure sell sellers and carriers social economy Sold statistics Sunday supervision Table tabulation teachers tion tional Turkish Jew voca vocational education vocational guidance wage earners wage-earning week wholesalers
Popular passages
Page 99 - Whatever the cause, the effect on the newsboy is always the same. . . . The professional newsboy is the embryo criminal.
Page 116 - the great difficulty is that street trading leads nowhere. It is a blind alley that sooner or later leaves its followers helpless against the solid wall of skilled labor's competition. An occupation that fits a boy for nothing and is devoid of prospects, is a curse rather than a blessing in this day of specialization.
Page 111 - Most of the older boys, and the ex-newsboys, thought that the sum total of the influence was harmful and mentioned, in so stating, the concrete elements of vulgar and obscene language, smoking, gambling, and the temptations to participate in various forms of immorality. The majority, had they any choice in the matter, would not allow younger brothers to sell.
Page 177 - WORLD BOOK COMPANY YONKERS-ON-HUDSON, NEW YORK 2126 Prairie Avenue, Chicago Also Atlanta Dallas Manila
Page 99 - dishonesty, and spendthrift habits; that it is a deadend occupation leading to nothing; that it abounds in evil temptations; that the boys are comparatively idle and see and hear the worst that is to be seen and heard on the streets." *• Another writer tells us that 63 per cent, of the inmates of the House of Refuge in New York have been street traders, and the investigator
Page 99 - if the majority of such have begun their so-called criminal careers, which end invariably in the state penitentiary, why do we permit children to trade on our streets?
Page 116 - One great evil which results from this life of street trading in childhood is the fact that it is fatal to industrial efficiency in after life.
Page 97 - 70 per cent, of those who worked 20 to 30 hours and 91 per cent, of those working more than 30 hours.
Page 106 - C. Profanity The following statistics indicate the use or disuse of profanity, based on the boys' statements but checked by our other sources of information. The veracity of a number of "noes" was questioned by principals and teachers whose opportunities to judge regarding the use of profanity are very much better than their opportunities
Page 107 - per cent, of the boys do not use profanity, 12.5 per cent, use it habitually, 33 per cent, occasionally, and 6.3 per cent, only under great provocation. The relative extent of the habit among sellers, carriers, and Curtis boys shows the same general variations as did the statistics on gambling. There were


text: About ORBCOMM Inc.ORBCOMM is a leading global satellite data communications company, focused on Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communications. Its customers include Caterpillar Inc., Doosan Infracore America, Hitachi Construction Machinery, Hyundai Heavy Industries, Asset Intelligence (a division of I.D. Systems, Inc.), Komatsu Ltd., Manitowoc Crane Companies, Inc., and Volvo Construction Equipment among other industry leaders. By means of a global network of low-earth orbit (LEO) satellites and accompanying ground infrastructure, ORBCOMM's low-cost and reliable two-way data communication services track, monitor and control mobile and fixed assets in our core markets: commercial transportation; heavy equipment; industrial fixed assets; marine; and homeland security. ORBCOMM based products are installed on trucks, containers, marine vessels, locomotives, backhoes, pipelines, oil wells, utility meters, storage tanks and other assets. Through its recently acquired StarTrak Information Technologies, LLC and StarTrak Logistics Management Solutions, LLC (formerly PAR Logistics Management Solutions) businesses, ORBCOMM is an innovator and leading provider of tracking, monitoring and control services for the refrigerated transport market. Under its ReeferTrak ®, GenTrak TM, and CargoWatch TM brands, the company provides customers with the ability to proactively monitor, manage and remotely control their refrigerated transport assets. Additionally, ORBCOMM provides Automated Identification System (AIS) data services for vessel tracking and to improve maritime safety to government and commercial customers worldwide. ORBCOMM is headquartered in Fort Lee, New Jersey and has its network control center in Dulles, Virginia. For more information, visit www.orbcomm.com. Forward-Looking Statements Certain statements discussed in this press release constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These forward-looking statements generally relate to our plans, objectives and expectations for future events and include statements about our expectations, beliefs, plans, objectives, intentions, assumptions and other statements that are not historical facts. Such forward-looking statements, including those concerning the Company's expectations, are subject to known and unknown risks and uncertainties, which could cause actual results to differ materially from the results, projected, expected or implied by the forward-looking statements, some of which are beyond the Company's control, that may cause the Company's actual results, performance or achievements, or industry results, to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. These risks and uncertainties include but are not limited to: market acceptance and success of our Automatic Identification System ("AIS") business; satellite launch and construction delays and cost overruns of our next-generation satellites and launch vehicles; the failure of our systems or reductions in levels of service due to technological malfunctions or deficiencies or other events; our inability to renew or expand our satellite constellation; political, legal regulatory, government administrative and economic conditions and developments in the United States and other countries and territories in which we operate; and changes in our business strategy. In addition, specific consideration should be given to various factors described in Part I, Item 1A. "Risk Factors" and Part II, Item 7. "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations", and elsewhere in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011, and other documents, on file with the Securities and Exchange Commission. The Company undertakes no obligation to publicly revise any forward-looking statements or cautionary factors, except as required by law.


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There is a good news for the pilgrims of Kedarnath shrine as the central government has accepted the proposal of making a ropeway between Linchauli and Kedarnath. In accordance with the new plan the government has also decided to make a ropeway from Tehri Lake to New Tehri to reinforce tourism in Uttarakhand. The government has strategically planned to make pathways around the dams for leisure walks.
The Tourism Minister of Uttarakhand Mr. Dinesh Dhanai met the Central Minister of Tourism Mr. Mahesh Sharma to discuss about this matter. They debated on the new schemes and programmes which should be adopted to flourish tourism in the state. Earlier Chief Minister Mr. Harish Rawat also conducted a meeting with the Tourism Minister. In which they talked about the various schemes and blue print regarding the tourism of the state which shall be implemented as soon as possible. In this meeting they also talked about changing the name of Jolly Grant Airport to Doon Airport.
News Src : Hindustan, Dehradun
img src : Blogspot


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Accommodations in RomblonSee All
This is a comprehensive travel guide for Romblon in Philippines. From budgeting tips to finding the best spots, this travel guide has got all the insider information to explore Romblon like a local. Get in the character of the city, this city requires at least of 1 to 2 number of days of exploration.
Get, set and plan a journey with this amazing travel planner for Romblon that shall leave you with plenty of memories at the end of your trip.
Explore the best journey planner for your visit to Romblon and create a flawless plan in few simple steps!


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Main goal: The title
What they need to secure it: A striker. Olivier Giroud needs back-up. Juventus's Marko Vucinic and Rodrigo of Benfica are possibles, with contact made for Schalke's Julian Draxler.
How badly do they need to buy: 8/10
What have they actually done?
Ins: Kim Kallstrom (Spartak Moscow, loan)
Outs: Nico Yennaris (Brentford, undisclosed), Chuba Akpom (Brentford, loan), Anthony Jeffrey (Wycombe, free transfer), Benik Afobe (Sheffield Wednesday, loan), Emmanuel Frimpong (Barnsley, undisclosed)
- More about:
- Arsenal


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Business Law
Ask a Business Lawyer. Get Business Law Questions Answered ASAP.
Question 12 answers Oakley.Question 13 answers lose, because Bargain Mart's employees were not aware of the spill. Question 14 answers the statement is false.Question 15 answersscienterQuestion 16 answers True
Question 17 answers True Question 18 answers True
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text: Didn't know how to title this thread. I had a lady show up at my door and ask me about a neighbor. Said she was a background check person with some government agency, flashed some badge and asked questions about the guy that lives next to me. I don't know the guy, see him walking his dog and that's about it and after telling her this she started asking stuff like, "any unusual activity.....drugs, terrorist behavior, etc". What in the hell is "terrorist behavior" anyway? Odds are if I could spot something terroristic about the guy, you people would probably already know......hopefully. Anyone else had this happen? I didn't know background checks went this in depth. Knocking on the doors of neighbors and stuff? Is this pretty standard if you are applying for a position within the government? Furthermore, should I tell this guy about it? I mean, if he's shooting for a job he might like to know but what if he's a suspected nut job? I probably won't tell him because I don't know the guy at all as I've only lived in my current place for like 6 months but part of me wants to let him know.


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- HubPages»
- Religion and Philosophy
Ways to Meditate When You Can't Sit Still
Trouble Meditating?
There are just some people who can't sit still long enough to meditate. Just trying to sit still and find a calm center fills them with stress and anxiety, and they find themselves fidgeting and fussing until they just can't take it anymore. The longer they try to sit still, the further from a meditative state they get.
If this is you, I bet being constantly bombarded with advice to meditate can be frustrating. And usually the only answer people have for you when you admit you can't get the hang of it is to 'try harder'. I wouldn't be surprised if you want to say, "Shut up with the meditations already!"
Guess what-- you don't have to sit still to meditate. It's possible to get into a meditative state of mind when your body is in motion as well. A moving meditation can give you all the benefits that anyone can reap by sitting in the lotus position for a half hour every day.
Move While Meditating
Tell Us About It:
Has your inability to sit still impeded your ability to meditate?
Training Your Mind
Understanding the Meditative State of Mind
There are four states of consciousness: Beta, Alpha, Theta and Delta. The Beta state is when you're fully awake and alert. The Theta state is for sleeping, dreaming and deep trances. The Delta state is deep, usually dreamless sleep or comatose.
The Alpha state is the one you really need to understand. You're in Alpha when you're day dreaming, when you're 'out of it' or 'zoning out' on a boring task, when you're watching television or in a light sleep. You're also in Alpha when you're completely engrossed in something -- a video game, a game of tennis, a good book, playing an instrument, making a craft, etc.-- to the point where you don't notice time and your mind is fixated on the task-- you're 100% living in the moment.
If you've ever had doubts as to whether you can achieve a state of mind for meditation, realize that you already do. That state is Alpha, and it's a state you pass in and out of all day long. It's a natural state of being.
As you can see, you don't need to sit still like a statue with your eyes closed to achieve Alpha-- a meditative state. You can also achieve it when in motion.
Walking Meditation
Ways to Meditate in Motion
- doing a daily yoga routine
- tai chi
- practicing karate katas
- dancing
- walking
- jogging
- art-- painting, drawing, etc.
- playing an instrument
- playing video games (ideally not-too-difficult puzzle games on 'zen mode')
- crafts: knitting, crocheting, paper folding, weaving, anything rhythmic
- mundane chores: washing dishes, folding laundry, scrubbing floors, washing windows, etc.
- exercise: stationary bike, weightlifting, elliptical machine, etc.
- step climbing
- practicing a sport
- playing a game
Musical Help
Music can help drown out noises and give you an anchor to draw your focus back to the meditation, whether you're moving or not.
How to Choose Your Activity
- It should be something that engages you, something to draw your focus into the moment
- it should be something that holds your focus for an extended period of time; 15 to 30 minutes per day is ideal
- It should be something that's continuous, fluid, methodical, repetitive, etc. so the movements become automatic and it's almost hypnotic
- It should be something you can keep on hand or have access to every day
For example, jamming on your guitar for 20 minutes each day is a good way to meditate if you let yourself just go with the flow; learning a song where you have to keep looking to sheet music, where you're making mistakes or have to check your technique breaks focus too much to be good for a meditation.
Walking at a steady pace through the park, putting your attention on your breath, on the way the sun feels on your skin, the way the breeze tousles your hair, examining the trees, the leaves, the clouds-- that is a mindful moment. Walking while waving to neighbors, thinking about what to make for dinner or how you're going to pay a bill, stopping and going a lot through traffic, cursing the heat, etc., is not very conducive to meditation.
It's all about the state of mind you're able to achieve-- one of mindfulness, of living in the moment, of relaxed awareness -- that turns an activity from just something to do into a meditation session.
Is This You?
What About You?
Have you been meditating more than you realized?
I Bet You Meditate More Than You Think
Think back now to all those mindful moments-- I bet you have been meditating all along and you didn't even know it. Most likely, the only difference now will be that you're aware of it, and you do certain activities with the deliberate decision to meditate in mind. You might even schedule them regularly from now on.
Another pleasant thing to note is that motion meditations, or moving meditations, can enhance your rituals or magical practices. Magic and spirituality are also activities that we want to do in the Alpha state. People who are not used to meditating in motion can have more difficulty achieving Alpha without stopping and sitting still for a little while. You'll be able to slip right into it when you're gathering your stuff or setting up the altar.
So don't give up hope just because you're fidgety. It doesn't mean you can't meditate; you just have to learn to do it in new ways that are probably contrary to what you've already been told. And as you become more adept at meditation while moving, you'll find yourself able to achieve that state of mind more easily even when you finally do want to try to sit still.
Tai Chi for Beginners:
Own it:
Practicing tai chi might be the ticket to learning to train your mind to get into a deliberate meditative state. Once is not enough-- this is something that should be practiced regularly. The benefits will build.
© 2014 Mackenzie Sage Wright
I will pass this one to my wife. Bev is constant motion and needs to read this. Thank you for the helpful suggestions.
This is so interesting! I do have a hard time just sitting still without doing something, like being on the computer. I am thrilled to realize that I have had those moments you talk about, so I have been meditating sometimes without realizing it. Great Hub, WiccanSage!
This is very interesting! I'd like to meditate, but it's so hard to sit still. Now I'll be more aware while I'm doing other things, like art. I never really thought about it, but that's a great time to get some meditation done. Thanks for sharing.
Some extremely useful advice and techniques for moving meditation here. Much peace.
Good to know. I always that thought that there had to be a way especially for housewives and mothers to experience some calm. Thank you!
I'm not totally sure I understand meditation. I am trying but I can't tell if I am meditating or just sitting quietly. I tried the traditional sit with everything quiet that was a disaster. So I was going to try with music but I forgot the music but I had already turned on the timer so I just let a section of Air I Am play in my head but I couldn't remember any more so I just let my self develop new lyrics which is why I am writing this. I'm not sure if letting the lyrics develop the same as not being focused on the now or if it was like your example of a guitarist going with the flow.
I hope this jumble is understandable.
Thanks WiccanSage! I tried again (this time I looked up the words for Air I Am first) and I know I was doing it right. I get what you mean when you say a relaxed state of awareness, now! I feel content and I will definitely be meditating again, thank you WiccanSage!
I've been listening how to relax when meditating and I can get my body to relax and feel heavy but every time I try to see anything it seems I keep falling asleep do you have any tips on not falling asleep and why do I keep doing that.
i cant thank you enough,i am new but ive been drawn to the craft since i could talk, ive been studying alot but never can meditate cause i have kids and im never alone. thank you, i have leaned so much from you!!!


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A new survey from Direct Energy says that 64% of Canadians keep the summer temperature of their homes at 22 degrees or lower. Direct Energy considers that to be absolutely frigid and is encouraging people to reassess their energy habits. Interestingly, the survey also concluded that half of Canadians do not know how much energy [...]
Posts Tagged 'Direct Energy'
Canadians Crank Conditioners, Burn Through Cash
Posted by admin on May 24th, 2011


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Projects & Events
Tag, Poke and Follow
to your heart's content.
Get into Games 2015
Every year, in the run up to Brains Eden Cambridge's massive gaming festival, we host Get into Games.
Get into Games is designed to inspire young people to work in the games industry. This event has grown and developed over the years and this year we plan to run a series of talks followed by a student showcase.
Students from Anglia Ruskin University's Computer Games Art, Computer Games Technology and Audio Music Technology courses will have the chance to show off their projects to fellow students and professionals from the games industry.
Talks with industry professionals start from 3.30pm with the student showcase at 5.00pm until 7.00pm.
Watch this space, we will have more details and event registration will open soon.
- Event Details
- Date: Wednesday 22nd April 2015
- Venue: Anglia Ruskin University, LAB 002 & 005, Cambridge Campus, East Road
- Postcode: CB1 1PT
- Go to the venue on Google Maps
- Contact Details
If you are interested in this event, please email firstname.lastname@example.com


text:
Monsters Inside Me
I have a WHAT in my WHAT?
Season 7 Episode 2
Monsters are hiding where you'd least expect. A child is struggling to breathe, a man has something living in the last place he'd want and a woman with weight gain confounds experts. Who are the monsters inside them?
- 42 min
- Premiered 10/13/2016


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The Friends of the Library book cart sale was one of several topics discussed during the March 17 FOL meeting.
Shelves of more than 450 donated hard-back books, soft-back books, CDs, tapes and magazines in the Copperas Cove Library are on sale to the public during library hours.
The ongoing book sale serves as the primary fundraiser for the Friends of the Copperas Cove Library. Without these ongoing sales, the FOL cannot do all they do to support the library, said John Gallen, FOL president.
The books are separated into categories such as fiction, nonfiction, military, cookbooks, children, western, science fiction, self-help, religion and foreign language.
Book cart sales are doing quite well, said Jeanne Brouchard, FOL book cart sale manager.
"Our Friends of the Library book cart sale is doing more than any other library," she said, attributing the increased profits to pricing of books.
"With no set price, the used books are sold based on condition of the book, the age of book and the author."
The FOL members decided during the meeting to purchase a new bookcase for the sale to offer more space for incoming books.
Library Director Kevin Marsh shared a synopsis of the library director's report during the meeting and said book circulation continues to be strong.
Based on library performance measures, there is a large increase in circulated items, both physical and digital, when compared to the monthly target, Marsh said.
"Patrons like ebooks and books on CD," he said. "In addition to the print, book circulation exceeds targets for the year."
At the close of the meeting, Gallen thanked FOL members for their participation in the Friends of the Copperas Cove Library Volunteer and Staff Appreciation Dinner on Feb. 18.
With the shrinking staff, volunteers are appreciated now more than ever, he said.
"Volunteers shelve books, work with the summer reading program and more," Gallen said.


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Palestinian Christians…
June 3, 2013 by 2 Comments
Mark Shea's Blog: So That No Thought of Mine, No Matter How Stupid, Should Ever Go Unpublished Again!
This is why we pray for them at least weekly.
I'll take still another opportunity to advocate supporting the work of Catholic Melkite Archbishop Elias Chacour by donating to the Pilgrims of Ibillin. Archbishop Chacour, a native Palestinian, has long been an advocate of Palestinian rights, while maintaining a system of schools from elementary to college level, where Christians, Jews, Moslems, and Druse learn to get along by learning together. Pilgrims of Ibillin is their US based support group.
Kirt Higdon
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