text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Jun 13, 2006
|Filing date
|Aug 4, 2003
|Priority date
|Jun 16, 1997
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Scott Crandall Holt, Christopher Bertram Medders
|Original Assignee
|Bellsouth Intellectual Property Corporation
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (49), Non-Patent Citations (2), Referenced by (21), Classifications (20), Legal Events (4)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This application is a continuation of copending U.S. utility application Ser. No. 08/876,839, filed Jun. 16, 1997, which is entirely incorporated herein by reference and which itself incorporated by reference U.S. Pat. No. 5,764,747, which is also entirely incorporated herein by reference.
The present invention relates to the field of switched telephony, and in particular, is a method of routing calls to a subscriber based on a routing list selected in accordance with the identity of the calling party or the originating line.
As technological advances are made in communication equipment, and computers are more highly integrated into the telecommunication networks and systems, the ultimate goal of communication service providers: obtaining "real-time", "seamless" access to all parties; is becoming an ascertainable target. "Real-time" access refers to the ability to contact a party instantaneously as opposed to paging the party or leaving a message. "Seamless" access includes the ability to reach a party regardless of the party's location, or the time of day. In achieving this goal, a party can always be contacted by callers regardless of the parties location. The task of maintaining real-time, seamless access is not trivial.
One solution presently in operation is the Personal Number System ("PNS"), which is described in commonly owned U.S. Pat. No. 5,764,747. The PNS from BellSouth Wireless gives a subscriber the ability to be contacted by other callers regardless of the subscriber's location. This is accomplished by providing a single point of contact for each subscriber in the form of a personal number. In addition, each subscriber provides the system with communication routing information in the form of one or more "destination lists" or "routing lists". The routing list contains various directory numbers that identify phone lines where the subscriber may be accessed. Calls placed to the subscriber's personal number will be routed by the PNS to the various destination numbers until either the subscriber is located or the list of destination numbers has been exhausted.
In the PNS, the subscriber has the flexibility to change the routing lists or alter the manner in which they are utilized. Methods to alter the use of the routing lists include enabling an "override" feature. The override feature allows the subscriber to disable the use of the routing list for a particular caller or all callers, and force the incoming call to be routed to a particular alternate number. Upon disabling the override feature, the system will resume the use of the routing lists. Another feature of the personal number communication system is to allow the subscriber to provide different routing lists for different days of the week or specific time slots within the day. Thus, one routing list may be used on weekdays from 9:00 AM to 6:00 PM, another routing list on weekdays after 6:00 PM, and a third routing list on weekends.
The general operation of the PNS call routing feature can be described in the following steps:
(1) When a call is placed to a subscriber's personal number, the telephone system will intercept the call.
(2) The telephone system will then identify the called number as belonging to a subscriber of the personal number communication system and will then determine the type of service to be provided.
(3) Finally, if the call requires routing, a routing list will be retrieved and call attempts to the various destinations will be made until the subscriber is located; however, if the subscriber cannot be located, the incoming call will be routed to a default destination such as voice mail.
More specifically, when a call is received, the PNS determines if the called personal number requires facsimile services. If so, the system will determine whether the call attempt is a facsimile transmission. If the call is a facsimile transmission, then the call will be redirected to a device to store the facsimile data until the subscriber, at a later time, retrieves this information. If the call attempt is not a facsimile transmission, then the system will determine whether the call is an administration call. An administration call is initiated by the subscriber and allows the subscriber to modify his service options, retrieve any voice mail that might have previously been stored, or obtain download of prior facsimile transmissions.
Finally, if the call requires a routing service, the PNS will identify the calling party and prepare an identification announcement for the subscriber. The identity of the calling party may be determined in several ways. One method is by performing a reverse white pages database lookup using the phone number of the calling party as a search key. Alternatively, the identity can be obtained by prompting the calling party to provide identification information by keypad entries. Once the identity is determined, an identification announcement message is prepared based on the calling parties identification. The PNS also may provide the calling party with a personal greeting from the subscriber, or a standard greeting. The greeting requests the calling party to hold while an attempt to locate the subscriber is performed.
While the calling party is holding, the PNS continues by retrieving a routing list for the subscriber. The routing list can be selected from several routing lists based on the time of day, day of the week, or any other system established criteria. The numbers in the selected routing list will be sequentially accessed until either the call has been successfully routed, rejected, or the list has been exhausted. The routing operation is performed by selecting a first directory number from the routing list and redirecting the telephone call to that number.
If the call is answered, the identification announcement is delivered to the answering party. The answering party is prompted to provide disposition information indicating whether the call is formally accepted or formally rejected. A formal acceptance occurs when the call is answered and the answering party provides an indication that the call is accepted. This indication may take the form of pressing a key on the phone to transmit a particular dual tone multi-frequency (DTMF) signal or simply maintaining the phone in an "off-hook" state for a specific period of time. A formal rejection occurs when the call is answered and the answering party decides not to accept the call. Similar to a formal acceptance, a formal rejection can include pressing a key to transmit a DTMF signal. In addition, the party can return the receiver to an "on-hook" state within a specific period of time. A call is considered to be successfully routed when either a formal acceptance or formal rejection is received. If the call is not formally accepted or formally rejected, then the call is informally rejected. An informal rejection implies that the call was not successfully routed to the destination. This can occur when the call is (a) not answered, (b) a busy signal is received, or (c) the call is answered by an answering machine, recording or error message.
In response to the call being formally accepted, the PNS routes the communication to the successful destination. In response to the call being formally rejected, the PNS routes the communication to a default destination which can be specified by the subscriber. In response to the call being informally rejected, the system then attempts to route the call to the next destination in the routing list and again requests communication disposition information. The system continues to request communication disposition information from each sequential destination in the routing list until the communication is formally accepted, formally rejected or until the last destination on the routing list is reached. Once the destinations on the routing list have been exhausted, the communication is routed to a last or a default destination.
While the PNS has made substantial advances towards providing seamless access to a subscriber, there is a desire for achieving this level of service in a more efficient manner. One method to improve the efficiency of this service would be to include the ability to select a routing list for an incoming call based on the identity of the calling party or a calling line identification (CLID). The need for this capability exists in both the realms of business and personal calls. For instance, a sales representative visiting a first customer's office would not want to have calls from a competing customer routed to him at that location; however, it would be desirable to have calls from an expecting wife routed to that location. In addition, a subscriber may want to route calls differently based on the type of call (i.e., business, personal, solicitations). The ability to route calls based on the identification of the calling party or calling line is advantageous because a subscriber can (a) limit interruptions due to personal calls; (b) reduce the amount of hold time required for business calls by eliminating routing locations where the subscriber would not be found during business hours; (c) give priority service to important calls; and (d) give restrictive service to unwanted calls.
One way to implement this routing capability is to utilize separate routing lists that are selected based on the identification of the calling party, the type of call, or the originating line.
Therefore, there is a need in the art for a method that would route calls to a party based on the identity of the calling party.
Further, there is a need in the art for a method to route calls to a party based on the type or purpose of the call.
Furthermore, there is a need in the art for a method to route calls based on the identity of the originating line.
The present invention provides an improvement in the utility of the Personal Number System (PNS). Stated generally, the present invention provides a method to select a routing list based on the identity of the calling party or the originating subscriber line. The current capabilities of the personal number communication system remain intact. A subscriber provides multiple routing lists to the system and identifies the parties and subscriber lines that are to be associated with each list. Because it is not feasible to identify all possible calling parties or originating subscriber lines, a default list can also be provided.
Upon receiving a call for a PNS subscriber, an appropriate routing list will be selected. At this point, the operation of the personal number communication system can continue as described above by selecting a destination from the routing list and attempting to route the call to that destination. The overall effect of the present invention is to route calls to the subscriber in the most efficient manner by limiting interruptions of the subscriber's business activities by personal calls and providing privacy for a subscriber when he is at home or on personal business.
Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to enhance the personal number communication system by providing a method to route calls to a party based on the identity of the calling party.
It is a further object of the present invention to route calls to a party based on the type or purpose of the call.
It is also a further object of the present invention to route calls based on the identity of the originating subscriber line.
These and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention will be more clearly understood and appreciated from a review of the following detailed description of the disclosed embodiment and by reference to the appended drawings and claims.
The present invention provides an improved method for routing calls to a subscriber based on the identity of the calling party, the type of call, or the originating subscriber line. A subscriber provides routing lists identifying the destination numbers where the subscriber may be found. Each of the routing lists are associated with one or more calling parties. As calls are received, the system will identity the calling party or line and select a routing list in accordance with this information. Thus, received calls are routed in accordance with a routing list selected on the basis of the identity of the caller, the call type or the calling line. Utilizing this method, performance advantages over the known art are gained because subscribers can minimize interruptions to their business day, avoid receiving business calls at inopportune moments, and limit their access by certain callers while expanding their access to others.
Public Switched Telephone Network
Referring now to the drawings, in which like numerals represent like elements throughout the several figures, the present invention and the preferred operating environment will be described.
The Service Management System 10 performs the high-level operations of the phone network. The functions of the Service Management System 10 include: (a) downloading information to Service Control Point 20 databases 60 when new subscribers are added or subscribers modify their ensemble of services; (b) performing data reloads when a Service Control Point 20 crashes or software needs to be updated; (c) implementing high volume routing services, such as call forwarding and 800 number translation and routing; (d) maintaining and providing access to high volume databases for the authorization of billing, such as credit card number validations; and (e) downloading, on a non-real-time basis, billing information that is needed in order to appropriately invoice telephone company subscribers for the services provided.
The Service Control Point 20 and the Service Management System 10 are interfaced over a digital data link 110. The Service Control Point 20 operates in the telephone network to maintain a network database 60 used in determining which subscribers require the support of enhanced services, screening calls, routing calls, and authorizing specific features. Generally, Service Control Points are used for database look up and routing services that take place prior to the logical completion of the call, (i.e., the provision of a ringing signal to the called subscriber line and ring back to the calling subscriber).
The Service Node 50 and the Service Management System 10 are interfaced over a digital data link 150. Generally, a Service Node provides resources for performing specialized services for the system and subscribers. A typical Service Node 50 will have resources such as database 61, voice signal detection, DTMF signal recognition, voice synthesis devices, voice digitization, and storage capabilities. In most local exchange carrier networks a Service Node provides enhanced features or services that require an audio connection to the caller or transfer of a significant amount of data to a subscriber over a switched connection during or following a call. Services that are implemented during a call (i.e., after completion of ringing or called subscriber pick up) usually employ the facility of a Service Node. Thus, Service Node 50 is a highly suitable platform for the present invention.
Service Switching Points typically interface to a Service Node via an ISDN link such as ISDN link 151 between Service Switching Point 40 and Service Node 50. Service Switching Point 41 may also be connected to Service Node 50. The Service Switching Points 40 and 41 are the modern equivalents of central office switches. Generally, Service Switching Points operate by transmitting trigger messages or queries to other components and receive and process responses from the same. A trigger message is used to inform the phone network of an event or a state change that has occurred at a Service Switching Point. When a set of predetermined conditions are detected, Service Switching Points 40, 41 will operate to:
Service Switching Points may also be connected to each other via a trunk circuit. Service Switching Points 40 and 41 are connected in this manner via trunk circuit 140. The trunk circuits provide the physical voice paths between parties. Each Service Switching Point 40, 41 services several subscriber lines. Service Switching Point 40 is shown as interfacing with termination equipment 70–70′ via subscriber lines 170–170′. Likewise, Service Switching Point 41 services termination equipment 71–71′ via subscriber lines 171–171′.
Each subscriber line within a particular U.S. area code of the public telephone switching network is identified by a unique seven digit destination number or directory number. Thus, when a party calls a particular destination number, the call is routed to the subscriber line identified by the destination number. Certain destination numbers, such as the personal numbers in the PNS, are reserved for special uses. Thus, rather than being associated with a subscriber line, a call placed to a personal number will be directed to a service node or some other entity, which will process the call.
Finally, Signal Transfer Points in the phone network are utilized in linking the Service Switching Points to Service Control Points. In
The representative portion of the public switched telephone network 95 interfaces to the cellular network 80 through digital data line 132 and mobile telephone switching office (MTSO) 42. Thus, calls can be received from or routed to a cellular phone 74. The public switched telephone network must also interface with switching offices that are not compatible with the Service Switching Points. Thus, subscriber line 172 attached to termination equipment 72 can be accessed via switching office 43 and digital data line 133, and the private phone system 85 can be accessed via trunk circuit 141 from switching office 44 on digital data line 134.
In summary, the PNS can reside as a combination of one or more program modules and hardware components, within a Service Node operating in the public switched telephone network. In this configuration, calls received for a subscriber can be routed to other destinations within the public switched telephone network, cellular phones, private phone systems or to any other destination attached to the public switched telephone network either locally, long-distance or internationally.
Operation within the PSTN
Initially, process block 200 indicates an originating party utilizing origination equipment 70 dials the personal number of a PNS subscriber. DTMF signals 201, representative of the personal number, are transmitted over subscriber line 170 to the originating service switching point 41. The originating service switching point 41 will initiate a call attempt through the service switching point 40 servicing the PNS system. The details of this process are well known to those skilled in the art and are not included in
At Service Control Point 20, the termination attempt trigger message 202 is recognized as a PNS call attempt as shown in process block 204, and the call is then routed to Service Node 50. Other services are performed by Service Control Point 20 such as providing ring back and busy indicators to the originating Service Switching Point 41; however, the details of these processes are well known to those skilled in the art and are not necessary in describing the embodiments of the present invention. Specifically, the process of routing the call to the Service Node 50 is well known to those skilled in the art and is generally shown in
Service Node 50 recognizes the incoming call request as a PNS call and initiates PNS processing 210. The PNS transmits a hold announcement 211 to the originating party over voice path 209, attempts to identify the originating party, and then prepares an identification announcement 212 for the subscriber. The hold announcement 211 requests the originating party to hold while the call is routed. While the originating party is holding, Service Node 50 retrieves a routing list and attempts to route the call to the subscriber at one of the destinations in the routing list. For each destination, Service Node 50 will originate a call to the destination number to establish a voice path between the Service Node 50 and the destination.
For each destination selected, a voice path similar to 213 is established, and identification announcement 212 is delivered. The answering party provides disposition information 216 to Service Node 50 indicating whether the call is formally accepted or formally rejected. If the call is formally accepted then a data packet 214 is transmitted to the terminating Service Switching Point 40 which will ultimately result in bridging the communication path 218 between originating equipment 70 and the equipment located at the successful destination. If the disposition information indicates a formal rejection, then a default destination is selected and a voice channel is set up between originating equipment 70 and the default destination. Finally, if the call is informally rejected, then the next destination is selected from the routing list and a voice channel between the Service Node and the next destination is established, an announcement is delivered, and disposition information is requested.
Now turning to the details of the PNS processing 210 of a call,
When decision block 325 is entered for the first time, the Call Complete indicator is FALSE and the retrieved routing list has not been exhausted. Thus, the THEN branch of decision block 325 is followed to process block 330. In process block 330, the first destination from the routing list is extracted and an attempt to route the personal number call to the first destination is initiated. Processing will continue between decision block 325 and process block 330 until the call is completed or the routing list is exhausted. When either of these two events occur, decision block 340 will be entered to determine the reason for exiting the loop comprising decision block 325 and process block 330. For the case where the routing list has been exhausted, the THEN branch of decision block 340 is followed to process block 345 where the call is routed to a default destination prior to exiting the PNS operation. Otherwise, the ELSE branch of decision block 340 is followed and PNS processing 210 is exited.
Turning now to
The disposition information will contain a formal acceptance or a formal rejection of the call. If the call is not answered, it is informally rejected and the ELSE branches of decision block 365 and decision block 370 will be followed and processing will return to decision block 325. Because the Call Complete indicator is still FALSE, if the routing list has not been exhausted, the THEN branch of decision block 325 will be followed again to process block 350 where the next destination will be extracted from the routing list and the personal number call will be routed thereto. If the next destination results in another informal rejection, this process will continue until the reception of a formal acceptance or formal rejection, or until the routing list is exhausted.
Returning to decision block 365, if the personal number call is formally rejected, the ELSE branch of decision block 365 is followed, and the THEN branch of decision block 370 is followed to processing block 380. The call is routed to a default destination in processing block 380. This generally includes routing the call to a voice mail service. In addition, in process block 380, the Call Complete indicator is set to TRUE and decision block 325 is entered. Again, in process block 365, if the personal call is formally accepted, the THEN branch of decision block 365 will be followed to process block 375. In process block 375, the establishment of a voice path between the originating party and the subscriber will be initiated, the Call Complete indicator will be set to TRUE, and processing will continue in decision block 325.
Returning again to
Now turning to
Once the identifying criteria is determined for the call, decision block 315(b) is entered. In decision block 315(b), if a routing list in corresponding to the identifying criteria exists, the THEN branch is followed to process block 315(c) where the routing list is retrieved. If a routing list does not exist that meets the criteria identified, the ELSE branch of decision block 315(b) is followed to process block 315(d) where a default routing list is retrieved.
One embodiment of the invention is to select a routing lists based on the originating calling line identification. The PNS could require a dedicated routing list for each calling line and use the default routing list in the absence of a dedicated routing list. Alternatively, the PNS could use one routing list for a group or class of calling line identifications. For instance, calls from a particular area code may invoke the use of one list, while local calls may invoke the use of another list. This could also be expanded to use a routing list based on the exchange of the originating line. Thus, calls received from downtown exchanges may have a tendency to be business related and would invoke the use of a business oriented list. On the other hand, calls received from suburban exchanges may have a tendency to be non-business related and would invoke the use of a personal list. Additionally, calls from cellular exchanges could also use a separate routing list.
In another embodiment of the invention, the calling party may be requested to provide identification information to the PNS. This could take the form of entering a code on the keypad, selecting an identification from a menu driven list, or performing speech recognition for a spoken identification from the caller. This information can then be used in determining which routing list to retrieve. If the PNS uses a code to identify the caller, the subscriber can provide routing lists for each code or group of codes. In operation, the subscriber can provide separate codes for business associates, vendors or salesmen, friends and family. Here, a routing list could be selected based on the type of code entered. Alternatively, the subscriber can provide a unique code to each person and maintain more flexibility in routing calls on an individual basis. If the PNS uses a menu driven list to perform the caller identification process, the calling party may be required to enter digits from the keypad to select from various options. In this embodiment, the system can provide additional flexibility to the subscribers. For instance, the menu system can be used to identify the caller or class of caller as well as selecting routing list for other special circumstances such as weekend calls, business hour calls and emergency calls.
Operation within Private Phone Systems
In addition to being implemented within the public switched telephone network, the present invention can also be implemented within the context of a private phone system. In a large office, individuals may be required to move between locations within the confines of the private phone system. In this scenario, the individuals may want calls identified as internal calls to be routed to all the various office locations where the party may be located, whereas, calls identified as external calls may only be routed to a subset of possible locations.
Routing lists can initially be entered into the PNS platform 600 through the input device 602 or by inserting a storage media 607 containing the routing lists.
The processing unit 600 can detect the reception of a call on one of the subscriber lines by either receiving a signal from interface device 603 or by polling the interface device 603. If a call is received on one of the subscriber lines (605 for illustrative purposes), the processing unit will operate to retrieve a routing list from storage media 607 based on the identity of the calling party or originating line. Routing attempts can then be made on the other subscriber line 606 to the destinations in the routing list. When a call is successfully routed, the processing unit can instruct the interface device to bridge the two subscriber lines.
From the foregoing description, it will be appreciated that the present invention provides a method to route calls to a subscriber based on the identification of the calling party, type of call, or originating line. Although the present invention has primarily been described as being embodied in the PNS operating within the public switched telephone network, it can be appreciated that the present invention can be utilized in any telecommunications call routing system. Indeed, the present invention is not limited to any particular telephony system or application.
The foregoing method of the present invention may be conveniently implemented in one or more program modules as well as hardware components. No particular programming language has been indicated for carrying out the various tasks described above because it is considered that the operation, steps, and procedures described in the specification and illustrated in the accompanying drawings are sufficiently disclosed to permit one of ordinary skill in the art to practice the instant invention. Moreover, in view of the many different types of computers, computer platforms and program modules that can be used to practice the instant invention, it is not practical to provide a representative example of a computer program that would be applicable to these many different systems. Each user of a particular platform would be aware of the language and tools which are more useful for that user's needs and purposes to implement the instant invention.
The present invention has been described in relation to particular embodiments which are intended in all respects to be illustrative rather than restrictive. Those skilled in the art will understand that the principles of the present invention may be applied to, and embodied in, various program modules for execution on differing types of computers or computer platforms regardless of the telephony system that is being supported.
Alternative embodiments will become apparent to those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains without departing from its spirit and scope. Accordingly, the scope of the present invention is described by the appended claims and supported by the foregoing description.
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|Aug 10, 2006
|Microsoft Corporation
|Method of automatically ranking speech dialog states and transitions to aid in performance analysis in speech applications
|Feb 9, 2005
|Aug 10, 2006
|Microsoft Corporation
|Interactive clustering method for identifying problems in speech applications
|Dec 15, 2006
|Jun 7, 2007
|Bellsouth Intellectual Property Corporation
|Method and Apparatus for Routing Calls Based on the Identification of the Calling Party or Calling Line
|Jul 17, 2008
|Nov 27, 2008
|Yen-Fu Chen
|Single Point of Contact Personal Communication System
|Dec 15, 2006
|Mar 12, 2009
|Bellsouth Intellectual Property Corporation
|Method and Apparatus for Routing Calls Based on the Identification of the Calling Party or Calling Line
|May 30, 2008
|Dec 3, 2009
|Verizon Data Services, Llc
|Method And System For A Gateway Transfer
|Aug 25, 2009
|Dec 24, 2009
|Verizon Patent And Licensing, Inc.
|Method and system for a call transfer
|U.S. Classification
|379/211.03, 379/201.02
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Nov 20, 2009
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|Jan 24, 2014
|Maintenance fee reminder mailed
|Jun 13, 2014
|Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees
|Aug 5, 2014
|Expired due to failure to pay maintenance fee
Effective date: 20140613


text:
The Benefits of Marrying Young
When it comes to having a happy marriage, researchers have found that getting hitched between the ages of 22 and 25 seems to be the sweet spot. That's just an average, of course, but the benefits outlined below mostly focus on "young" as being one's early to mid-twenties.
- You (and those you date) will be carrying less baggage.
- You're more likely to marry someone with whom you're highly compatible.
- You'll have more sex (even years after you marry).
- You're more likely to describe your marriage as happy.
- You'll have an easier time navigating your 20s, and can be more successful in reaching your professional and academic goals.
- Your financial picture may improve.
- You'll have an easier time having kids, increase their chances of being healthy, and be better able to keep up with them.
- You don't have to cram marriage, career, and kids into a few short years.
Conclusion: Are You Saying Everyone Should Get Married Young?
Marrying age is one of those topics that gets people all riled up and wanting to spew profanities. For whatever reason, discussing lifestyle choices tends to breed defensiveness — perhaps because choice itself has become our modern morality.
So let me be clear before we part ways: while marrying young can impart all the benefits outlined above, I'm not arguing that getting married younger is always better than getting married when you're older. Nor am I saying that if you're young and single, you need to rush out and put a ring on the finger of some gal.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
After weeks of jockeying in critics' circles and smaller film awards, the field is set for the Academy Awards to be handed out Feb. 27.
As expected, it's a close race in many categories. Only one film, The Aviator, is a double-digit nominee with 11. Small films such as Sideways and Hotel Rwanda will challenge heavyweight studio entries such as Million Dollar Baby and Ray in several categories. But front-runners have emerged in recent weeks, although a strong third in many categories could act as spoilers.
Here, USA TODAY's movie reporters take a look at the Oscar derby and offer their tip sheets on the winners.
The field:The Aviator, Finding Neverland, Million Dollar Baby, Ray and Sideways.
Best-picture lineup USA TODAY's Anthony Breznican and Gary Strauss look at the contenders: The Aviator Director: Martin Scorsese Stars: Leonardo DiCaprio, Cate Blanchett, Alan Alda, Alec Baldwin Plot: Sweeping biopic about mogul Howard Hughes' early years. Box office to date: $58 million Major awards so far: Golden Globe (best drama), Producers Guild of America Where you can see it: In 2,500 theaters Friday
Million Dollar Baby Director: Clint Eastwood Stars: Eastwood, Hilary Swank, Morgan Freeman Plot: Dirt-poor waitress becomes a boxing contender. Box office to date: $8.5 million Major awards so far: National Society of Film Critics Where you can see it: In 1,500 theaters Friday
Ray Director: Taylor Hackford Stars: Jamie Foxx, Kerry Washington, Sharon Warren, Regina King Plot: Ray Charles overcomes poverty, blindness, heroin addiction and racism. Box office to date: $72.8 million Major awards so far: None Where you can see it: On DVD Tuesday
Sideways Director: Alexander Payne Stars: Paul Giamatti, Thomas Haden Church, Virginia Madsen, Sandra Oh Plot: Two middle-aged losers celebrate women, wine and fleeting bachelorhood in California's wine country. Box office to date: $32.1 million Major awards so far: Golden Globe (best comedy/musical), Broadcast Film Critics Association, New York Film Critics Circle, L.A. Film Critics Association Where you can see it: In more than 1,200 theaters Friday
Finding Neverland Director: Marc Forster Stars: Johnny Depp, Kate Winslet, Freddie Highmore Plot: London playwright J.M. Barrie befriends a young widow and her four sons, who inspire him to write Peter Pan. Box office to date: $32.5 million Major awards so far: National Board of Review Where you can see it: 869 theaters
The front- runners:The Aviator and Million Dollar Baby. Both films have been gaining momentum by cleaning up at recent awards, including the Golden Globes and the Producers Guild of America.
The dark horse:Sideways. The critical darling could sneak between the two behemoths if Aviator and Baby split voters.
Put your money on:The Aviator. Though Clint Eastwood's surprise acting nomination indicates momentum for Baby, Aviator's raft of nominations and its epic scope make the Howard Hughes biography the one to beat. "The Oscar's been going to bigger productions lately, like Chicago, Gladiator and Lord of the Rings," says Entertainment Weekly's Dave Karger. "And no film is bigger than The Aviator."
The field: Don Cheadle (Hotel Rwanda), Johnny Depp (Finding Neverland), Leonardo DiCaprio (The Aviator), Clint Eastwood (Million Dollar Baby) and Jamie Foxx (Ray).
The front- runners: Foxx and Eastwood. Foxx is the favorite, but Eastwood, 74, could ride off with his first acting prize for a tearful and tender role that subverts his iconic stoicism. "It's a career-summation performance," says Emanuel Levy, author of All About Oscar. "To me, he's a late bloomer as an actor. And he's the anchor of the film."
The dark horse: DiCaprio. Just as Foxx immersed himself in the role of blind, drug-addicted Ray Charles, DiCaprio also delved into brutal emotional territory as the dynamic, mentally unbalanced innovator Hughes.
Put your money on: Foxx. It's his to lose, playing a beloved, recently deceased musical legend. DiCaprio's equally daring work is in service of a disagreeable eccentric, which gives Foxx the advantage. "He's a shoo-in," Levy says, adding that Foxx's supporting-actor bid for Collateral gives him momentum. "He's the actor of the year." And Eastwood's multiple nominations could split voters who choose him for actor, director or producer of Baby.
The field: Annette Bening (Being Julia), Catalina Sandino Moreno (Maria Full of Grace), Imelda Staunton (Vera Drake), Hilary Swank (Million Dollar Baby) and Kate Winslet (Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind).
The front- runners: Swank and Bening. They'll parry like it's 1999, the last time the two faced off in an Oscar title bout. Back then, Swank triumphed as the underdog playing a girl who passes as a guy in Boys Don't Cry, beating Bening's desperate housewife in American Beauty.
The dark horse: Staunton. As a kindly abortionist who helps girls in trouble in the dark days of 1950s England, the respected character actress was a revelation to many in Mike Leigh's social drama.
Put your money on: Swank. She could have been a has-been after her gender-bending in Boys Don't Cry. But much like her underdog fighter in Million Dollar Baby, she hung in there, paid her dues and earned another role of a lifetime. Voters won't be able to ignore a knockout performance backed by a heavy Warner Bros. campaign push. "What's interesting this time is how their roles are reversed," says Damien Bona, co-author of Inside Oscar: The Unofficial History of the Academy Awards. "Hilary is in the studio movie, while Annette is in the smaller, independent movie."
Supporting actor
The field: Alan Alda (The Aviator), Thomas Haden Church (Sideways), Jamie Foxx (Collateral), Morgan Freeman (Million Dollar Baby) and Clive Owen (Closer).
The front-runners: Freeman and Church. In one corner is Freeman's wizened boxer throwing sentimental punches. In the other is Church's womanizing party boy, hurling coy come-ons and rude put-downs. One floats like a butterfly, the other stings like a bee.
The best-picture nominees were all released in the last three months of 2004, which is not unusual. But they're box-office underperformers compared with nominees of recent years, grossing only a combined $203.9 million so far. The top five of 2003 had grossed $636.8 million by nomination day; the 2002 pictures, $485.5 million.
10 of the 19 nominated performers are first-timers. Johnny Depp (Finding Neverland) is the only repeat acting nominee from 2003. Only Hilary Swank (Million Dollar Baby) already has won an acting Oscar. John Williams ' 43rd nomination, for the score of Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban, ties Alfred Newman's record in that music category. Up for the same award: Newman's son, Thomas, who was nominated for the score of Lemony Snicket's A Series of Unfortunate Events.
Boxing roles have won many Oscar nominations for actors, but Hilary Swank is the first woman to pack that punch, for Million Dollar Baby. Other notables: James Earl Jones in 1970's The Great White Hope, Sylvester Stallone in 1976's Rocky, Robert De Niro for 1980's Raging Bull and Will Smith in 2001's Ali.
Catalina Sandino Moreno speaks Spanish in Maria Full of Grace. If she wins for actress, she would be the fifth performer to do so in a language other than English. The most recent: Benicio Del Toro, best supporting actor for 2000's Traffic.
The dark horse: Owen. Another womanizer, this one far more profane. His character's savage delivery of verbal abuse earned him a Golden Globe but may be too brutal for the more populist academy.
Put your money on: Freeman. "There are no tricks, no devices. He's the purest actor and the most subtle," Levy says. Freeman's light touch with a sorrowful character tugs at the heartstrings, and his three previous nominations with no wins may KO the competition.
Supporting actress
The field: Cate Blanchett (The Aviator), Laura Linney (Kinsey), Virginia Madsen (Sideways), Sophie Okonedo (Hotel Rwanda) and Natalie Portman (Closer).
The front- runners: Blanchett and Madsen. Blanchett has been pegged to win an Oscar for so long, it only feels like she already has won. Actually, her lone previous nomination was for her breakout lead in 1998's Elizabeth. Meanwhile, former '80s siren Madsen, who once tussled under the sheets with Don Johnson in 1990's The Hot Spot, is older, wiser and better than ever — much like the vintage wine she pours as a restaurant server in the critical favorite.
The dark horse: Linney. She stood by her sexually obsessed man in Kinsey, and under a canopy of some rather unflattering eyebrows. Her Mystic River co-star Marcia Gay Harden's similar role as the long-suffering wife in Pollock grabbed the academy's attention in 2001. And she has an Oscar track record as an actress nominee for 2000's You Can Count On Me.
Put your money on: Blanchett. Hollywood likes to admire itself at the movies almost as much as it does in mirrors, and Cate as Kate Hepburn is one classy tribute from one great actress to another. Besides, "the energy just goes out of the film once she leaves and never really recovers," Bona says.
The field: Clint Eastwood (Million Dollar Baby), Taylor Hackford (Ray), Mike Leigh (Vera Drake), Alexander Payne (Sideways) and Martin Scorsese (The Aviator).
The front- runners: Eastwood and Scorsese. The Hollywood icons make for the most compelling race of the year. It will be Eastwood's growing esteem as a filmmaker vs. the perpetual bridesmaid Scorsese.
The dark horse: Payne. After being snubbed for 2002's About Schmidt, Payne is getting his due as a filmmaker.
Put your money on: Scorsese. Sympathies run high for the director, 62, who finally has a film the academy can embrace — and a box set due Feb. 8 that will allow voters to look back on the director's career. "Voters really wanted to give it to him for (2002's) Gangs of New York," Bona says. "But too many people hated the movie. This one doesn't have that kind of resentment."


text:
According to a report by the US-based Strategy Analytics Handset Component Technologies service, mobile phone batteries are in trouble. Despite new battery technology resulting in the forthcoming adoption of Silver Zinc and Hydrogen Fuel Cell solutions that many believe will replace Lithium Ion in the future, the report declares that battery capacity has only increased by 4% over the past three years which falls way short of the related increases in power hungry features continually being adopted by a variety of new mobiles, according to the Businesswire website.
Stuart Robinson, Director of the Strategy Analytics Handset Component Technologies service, commented, "Strategy Analytics predicts a 4.8% per year reduction in the Average Time Between Charges (ATBC) in cellphones between now and 2015. Much of this is due to the growing penetration of features like web browsing, navigation and social networking. Speed-charging solutions using ultra-capacitors will not increase the total energy stored in cellphone batteries, but may ease the pain associated with having to recharge more often."
Click to read the Businesswire story


text:
The Meyerdahl Forestry Service was an agency responsible for overseeing and guarding the forests of Meyerdahl.
Richard Harrington was occasionally called upon by the Service. Years after his family migrated to Sphinx in the Star Kingdom of Manticore, he and his daughter Stephanie were vital in building a comparable agency, the Sphinx Forestry Service, for the protection of Sphinx and its treecats. (HHA1.1: ABF)


text: 6/07/16 2/27/16 POPSUGAR Fashion Oscars Red Carpet Gown Train Wranglers Behind Every Great Oscars Gown, There's a Talented Wrangler February 27, 2016 by Randy Miller 301 Shares Chat with us on Facebook Messenger. Learn what's trending across POPSUGAR. View on One Page Photo 18 of 24 Start Slideshow ADVERTISEMENT () Share This Link Copy What's Your Reaction? Thanks for your reaction Don't forget to share this with your friends! ← Use Arrows Keys → 18 Amy Adams in Oscar de la Renta at the 2013 Oscars Previous Next Award SeasonRed CarpetOscarsCelebrity StyleDresses


text:
Ontario Textbook Collection
Collection overview
The Ontario Textbook Collection includes elementary and secondary school texts approved for use in Ontario circa 1846 to 1970, as well as some materials used in nineteenth-century schools which were not authorized by the Ontario Department of Education. Beginning in 1887, authorized and approved textbooks were listed on the annual department publication, Circular 14.
Supporting this collection are other holdings of textbooks including post-1970 texts deleted from the approval lists.
Access to the collection is by appointment only.
Borrowing privileges
Materials in the Ontario Textbook Collection may not be borrowed. A staff member will determine if the condition of the material will allow it to be scanned or photocopied. Or you may want to book an appointment to use materials in this collection.
Finding resources
Find specific titles in this collection by searching the library catalogue. Please contact OISE Reference staff (firstname.lastname@example.com; 416-978-1860) for additional assistance.
For further information or to book an appointment contact:
Monique Flaccavento (firstname.lastname@example.com; 978-1867)


text:
The Book of Magecraft
|Role-playing games
Publication date
The Book of Magecraft is an accessory for the 2nd edition of the Advanced Dungeons & Dragons fantasy role-playing game, published in 1996.
The Book of Magecraft covers the magic using classes of the Birthright setting for AD&D: the magician class, who are specialists in divination and illusion magic who can only cast low-level spells of other types, and the wizard, who must be blooded but is otherwise like a normal AD&D magic user.[1] The book also deals with War Magic, an area of spellcasting unique to Birthright which uses War Cards in large-scale battles; the book details the creation of War Magic versions of existing spells.[1] The book also presents Realm Magic, which results from the magical energy which permeates the land of Cerilia and collects in pockets known as sources, which a regent wizard can cultivate.[1] The Book of Magecraft also covers rules for finding, using, and borrowing source and ley lines, which a wizard can create and maintain to tap energy from non-adjacent sources.[1] The book describes the magician character class, and provides associate character kits.[1] Additionally, the book includes a set of Realm, Battle, and ordinary spells designed specifically for use with Birthright, and also includes the Royal College of Sorcery, a list of Birthright-specific magic items and artifacts, and a description of a group of legendary creatures that are said to grant boons to wizards.[1]
Publication history[edit]
|This section is empty. You can help by adding to it. (June 2011)
Cliff Ramshaw reviewed The Book of Magecraft for Arcane magazine, rating it a 7 out of 10 overall.[1] He comments on the War Spells: "Given the power of these spells, you can see why the rules emphasise the rarity of true wizards. Although casting fireballs willy nilly into a battlefield is great fun, it's a little unbalanced – a fighter of a similar level couldn't have as significant an effect."[1] He calls the new spells in the book "varied and imaginative", the Royal College of Sorcery "intriguing", and the legendary creatures "seemingly tagged-on".[1] Ramshaw concludes the review by stating: "It's a fairly solid accessory, though perhaps not as inspiring as it could be. Ordinary magic users will profit from its good selection of spells, while regent wizards will find it almost indispensable."[1]
- Dragon #233
|This Dungeons & Dragons article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.


text:
Check out my favourite indie comics to cheer up start from the first one and move ahead.
Who's up for conversation? I'm bored.
I model in my spare time.
I have now 11 tattoos. On both hips. On both ribs. On both wrists and on both forearms. Such a wanna be symmetrical. I know! I've had them for 5 years now but you wouldn't even know! 😁
Except for the addition of three fingers yesterday. K cool.
Always tend to be well liked / popular. Don't know why. Since I was a kid. I'm charmingly outgoing and crazy fun inside this tiny conservative shell. Super chill. Not girlie at all. Would you believe it?
Random fact: I don't like fast food. I eat healthy naturally. I prefer to make everything from scratch. Tastes so much better anyways.
Sex in general is a grusomely boring topic! So not really my cup of tea. That's really your business what you like not mine...and as for the man who wins my heart my likes, needs and wants will be his...
So do me favour...don't bore me will ya😴
I live in Guelph Ontario Canada.
Hmm where do I start. Haven't used this in over 3 years. Not sure why I'm here, but I know for certain that it isn't for casual sex.
Sure sex is great, but I'm not looking for it here. It's not that hard to find lol. Don't need okcupid for that. However, I'm down to make friends and see where that takes us.
Not strictly platonic just not looking for any FWB
Now let me see probably the first thing anyone notices about me is I smile 99% of the day. Like even when I'm pissed off as hell apparently I'll be smiling up a storm. I get asked why am I smiling so much, and to be honest I usually can't answer the question. Therefore acquiring the nickname "Smiley" anywhere I go. If you hate to look at a cheerful face all day, I'm probably not your best bet.
Now on the other hand...
I am bi. However my luck with the ladies hasn't been all that great. I keep running into confused girls. Or girls who think they are but aren't. I can tell, they're still growing. So no opposition to my lady friends, just found that I have better experience with men so far. They seem to know what they want more than the ladies who say they like women to be honest. If you can prove me wrong I'd love for you to!
I'm pretty creative. Have a dark sense of humour. Very Harley Quinn. Tough and hard to knock down. But nothing makes me cry I'd rather laugh after something scary or horrific. I don't know. I see the joy in all things I guess.
I'm tiny. I'm sorry. Can't help it. I eat a lot but food has no interest in dwelling in me as an unneeded fat cell. I just can't gain it. So here I stand at 5'3 108lbs. Forever and ever. Almost 24 but still 23 so yeah. Love me or hate me. I'm me.
I'm not your typical girl either. I'm not into a whole lot of girlie stuff. I'm more of like a chill chick. So I hope this applies to you too.
Currently work in healthcare.
I am an aspiring vegetarian. In long term hopes of becoming vegan. I'm part time vegetarian for now. I just haven't found something to substitute my weekly - twice a week dose of fish/chicken breast.
Human rights activist.
Union representative for my work place. Get to go to cool fancy events and help people with their issues. I enjoy it.
(Making Beats
Making Music
Cleaning (lol) not for you though
Everything a man could ever want and more
Cheering people up
Listening to people's problems etc.)
Being an amazing friend.
Being an amazing girlfriend but only for the right person of course
420 bong style.
I'm actually pretty smart surprisingly. Remember acting dumb, and being dumb are two different things. And luckily I am neither of those 😀
Singing and rapping I can rap pretty decently for a chick and pretty fast too
(Suck at texting)
Rich Dad Poor Dad
Cash flow Quadrant
The Compound Effect
Anything that reminds me of positivity and keeps me level headed.
Visual Art (all forms keep my eyes ocupado)
I'm not into drinking or clubbing
Chilling with my man. (If he existed)
I hope the right guy comes to me one day because I don't really like looking lol.
Just know some may be disappointed if all you want is casual sex. See if I wanted casual sex, my phone would have enough volunteers, so you don't need to worry about that


text:
. . . universities today in the main serve more as re-education camps than as universities. Skepticism might be untrue, but it is useful to the goal of convincing students to embrace a secular humanist perspective. Once you convince someone that there is no truth it is much easier to convince them of "your own truth," i.e. ideology. . . . Students are, of course, not encouraged to voice any skepticism about the false promises of secular humanism, and in this they follow their teachers, who with some exceptions are anti-Christian fundamentalists, but who claim with a straight face to believe in nothing for which there is no "scientific evidence." But never mind; these days "academic freedom" means not the unfettered pursuit of truth, but the right to spout any nonsense safe in the knowledge that no one would dare call you on it, not the insecure and bewildered undergraduates you teach, nor the colleagues who believe exactly as you do, nor the civilians who quite sensibly have better things to do. As we know, the hallmark of the liberal ascendancy in the universities is the "celebration of diversity," except when it comes to challenging secular humanism. The celebration ends where diversity of thought begins. ~ Professor Clifford Staples
17 September 2015
The Ethical Failure of Philosophical Skepticism
From The Imaginative Conservative. The money quote:
Posted by Richard G. Williams, Jr. at 5:30 PM
No comments:
Subscribe to: Post Comments (Atom)


text:
Crown® Rely-On Olefin Wiper Mat; Blue Marlin, 3' X 10'
Item #: 901-GS310MBLLAG
Model #: GS 0310MB
Brand: Crown
Not yet rated.Be the first to Write a Review
$71.29 Each
Product Highlights
- Brand: Crown
Economical continuous filament olefin on standard vinyl is ideal for light to medium applications
- Vinyl backing with natural organic resin blend
- Contributes to LEED certification
- Plush surface dries moisture from shoes—holds up to 3/4 gallon of water per square yard.
- Heather-colored pattern complements any décor
- Manufacturer's one-year limited warranty
- Overall thickness 3/8"
- 3' x 10'
|True Color : Marlin Blue
|Weight : 18.00 lbs. per Each
|Brand : Crown
|Weight : 18.00 lbs. per Each
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text:
Steampunk Doctor Who Sonic Screwdriver cosplay. That's a really cool idea. Imagine a group cosplay featuring every different design. YES!
It's the work of cosplayers Ishere Lartnec (Eleven's Sonic) and Xatram Cosplay (Ten's Sonic), and they went an extra step of making it Steampunk. Check out more pics below.
Photos by Mannelig Studio


text:
This moderately scaled chairside table is perfect for a room with not a lot of extra space. One small drawer and a bottom shelf can provide you with a place to keep reading glasses and other items within an arms reach of your favorite chair. The gorgeous blue stone top features cream marbling and pairs nicely with the rustic wheat finished base. Chunky wooden beam construction will complete a rustic design with industrial influences.
The West Valley Rustic Casual Chair Side Table by AAmerica at Furniture and ApplianceMart in the Stevens Point, Rhinelander, Wausau, Green Bay, Wisconsin Rapids, Marshfield, East and West Madison, Wisconsin area. Product availability may vary. Contact us for the most current availability on this product.
Add a vintage rustic style to your home with an industrial influence by bringing in this collection of occasional and dining pieces. Each piece is one of a kind and 100% natural to appeal to the ever growing trend of going green. This collection is crafted from solid poplar that has been distressed and wire brushed for a weathered look. Tops are made from solid blue stone that is as durable and easy to care for as granite and resembles acidwashed concrete tops. Chunky wooden beams and plank style construction will complete your rustic home and help you to create a home you truly love.
The West Valley collection is a great option if you are looking for Casual
Casual furniture in the Stevens Point, Rhinelander, Wausau, Green Bay, Wisconsin Rapids, Marshfield, East and West Madison, Wisconsin area.
These images are representative of this group as a whole and may differ from this item.
Browse other items in the West Valley collection from Furniture and ApplianceMart in the Stevens Point, Rhinelander, Wausau, Green Bay, Wisconsin Rapids, Marshfield, East and West Madison, Wisconsin area.
This item has been tagged as: Living Room Furniture, Accent Furniture, Occasional Furniture, Cabinet, Cabinet Tables, Storage Tables, Small Storage Cabinet, Chairside Cabinet, Short Cabinet, Accent Cabinet, Commode, Cocktail Tables, Lift – Top Cocktail Table, Storage Table, Cocktail Coffee Table, Cocktail Table with Storage, Coffee Table, Lift – Top Coffee Table, Coffee Table with Storage, Couch Table, Magazine Storage, Sitting Room Tables, End Table, Chairside Table, Coffee and End Tables, Furniture End Tables, Accent Table, Lamp Table, Pedestal Table, Hall Tree, Storage Hall Tree, Hall Tree with Storage, Coat Rack, Hall Tree Coat Rack, Entry Hall Tree, Hat Rack, Hall Trees with Benches, Bench and Hall Tree, Clothes Tree, Hall Tree Furniture, Entry Furniture, Foyer Furniture, Sofa Table, Furniture Sofa Table, Console Table, Sofa Console Tables, Sofa End Table, Secretary Desk, Table Desk, Wine Rack, Wine Glass Rack, Wine Storage, Wine Bottle Storage, Wine Storage Rack, Wine Bottle Rack, Cabinet Wine Rack, Wine Glass Storage, Wine Storage Cabinet, Larder, Kitchen Storage, Dining Room Storage, Occasional Tables
Nothing on this page may be copied or reproduced without explicit permission.


text:
A VALE dad is getting ready to ride from Evesham to Land's End to raise money for two charities very close to his heart.
Peter Gordon, of Avon Street, Evesham, decided to jump on the back of a Raleigh Shopper and ride to Land's End this July and raise some cash for the Cancer Research UK Relay for Life and the Acquired Brain Injury Unit in the town.
The 42-year-old, who is part of the Spitfire Shammers Relay for Life team, wanted to support this cause but also hopes to back the ABI unit after suffering a brain haemorrhage seven years ago.
And the challenge comes shortly after the birth of Mr Gordon's daughter Elsie, who was born against all odds after suffering a rare condition.
He said: "I am going to cycle from Evesham to Land's End on a Raleigh Shopper. It's 250 miles and will take me about a week. I am going to do that in July but I need to start getting sponsors now.
"Because of the haemorrhage my one side is quite weak so that's why I am giving myself a week."
To support Mr Gordon visit either http://bit.ly/1olihqf to donate to the Acquired Aphasia Trust or go to http://bit.ly/1fk4SbP to back the Spitfire Shammers and Cancer Research UK.


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text:
Panda Baby Box
We were delighted to discover new London based brand, Panda and the Sparrow recently and are huge fans of their beautifully soft bamboo clothing.
We've put together this ready to go gift box set containing the following:
A supersoft, bamboo baby romper and matching top knot hat in a gorgeous blue stripe. The romper is footless with fold back cuffs that can be used to keep baby's feet warm and cosy and then turned back to allow for extra growing room when required.
Age 6-12 months.
Soft leather baby shoes, handmade in England featuring a super panda motif in age 6-12 months.
Classic dumbell rattle in organic cotton crochet by Anne Claire Petit.
- Comes packaged in one of our lovely re-usable gift boxes with new baby card.
As with all our gift boxes, we can send this box direct to the recipient on your behalf and include your own personal message, handwritten on the new baby card. It is easy to let us know all the necessary information during the checkout process and we will also confirm the details with you before despatch.
Need some assistance making a choice or creating a bespoke box? Take advantage of our extensive experience creating gorgeous bespoke sets for clients and customers around the globe - get in touch with us for free personal assistance at email@example.com


text:
MATLAB Newsgroup
I have an axis A, with normalized directional vector d=[ 0.0994 0.2237 0.9696] and positional vector O=[1 1 1]. Now I have a point in space R1= [0.0905 -3.7694 2.1939]. How do I calculate the vector which is perpendicular to the Axis and through R1 with Matlab?
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> I have an axis A, with normalized directional vector d=[ 0.0994 0.2237 0.9696] and positional vector O=[1 1 1]. Now I have a point in space R1= [0.0905 -3.7694 2.1939]. How do I calculate the vector which is perpendicular to the Axis and through R1 with Matlab?
Hi, I'm not sure about your terminology "positional vector", but see
>>doc cross
to see how to compute the cross product of two vectors in 3-space.
Wayne, the directional vector is the slope of the axis. And the axis/line starts at the positional vector. The difficulty is that I do not know on which point of the axis/line the angle with point R1 is 90 degrees and thus perpendicular. Or can this be calculated with cross as well?
Best wishes,
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