text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|May 24, 2005
|Filing date
|Nov 10, 2003
|Priority date
|Sep 2, 1999
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Jesper Kristoffer Larsen
|Original Assignee
|Kristopher Larsen Innovation A/S
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (32), Non-Patent Citations (3), Referenced by (30), Classifications (12), Legal Events (7)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This application is a continuation of application Ser. No. 10/069,885, filed Jun. 3, 2002, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,659,039, which is the National Stage of International Application No. PCT/DK00/00485, filed Sep. 4, 2000, which claims priority from Danish application no. PA 2000 00343, filed Mar. 2, 2000 and Denmark application no. PA 1999 0233, filed Sep. 2, 1999.
The present invention relates to a method for automatic control of breeding of free-range animals, in particular porkers and other animals bred for meat production, wherein the feed consumed by each individual animal is identified and registered to that the feeding of each animal may be traced so that quality parameters of products derived from the animals can be established and/or so as to identify animals that have been given feed from a particular batch of feed that subsequently has been discovered to comprise impurities or contamination. In particular, the present method may comprise active and automatic control of the living conditions of the animals based on the monitored and recorded data so that a minimal amount of human interaction is required in the normal operation of a breeding system controlled by use of the method. The invention further relates to a control system, typically comprising a general-purpose computer having a suitable computer program installed thereon, for controlling the operation of a breeding system according to the present method.
A steadily increasing demand exists for animal products, such as meat and milk, of which the consumers can obtain knowledge with respect to the breeding conditions of the animals from which the products origin, the breeding conditions being understood in a broad sense and including a lot of details relating, e.g., to feeding of the animals and their general well-being. Furthermore, it is of interest to the farmers to handle the animals individually, especially with respect to feeding, so that the most efficient and economical breeding is performed. This handling should however be as automated as possible since the cost of human labour is steadily increasing in most of the world.
A number of arrangements for individual control of animals are known from the prior art in particular for pigs, for cattle and for milch cows.
One apparatus for automatic, individual feeding of animals is disclosed in DE 37 01 864 in which the animals are weighted and/or identified at one station from which each animal is selectively lead to one of a plurality of individual feeding pens, is lead back to the stock if they have been fed or is lead to a separation area by means of moving or turning the weighting/identification station between the different destinations. The identification of the animals is made by means of an identification tag fastened to each animal and the amount of feed in the feeding pens is measured out for the individual animal.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,517,923 discloses an automatic animal feeding system, in particular for cows, in which the animals are fed individually upon identification of the animal from automatically reading of an identification tag attached to each of the animals. The amount of feed provided to the animal is based on information collected about each animal, such as the animals weight. The animal may be weighted manually where after the weight is entered into the control system, or the animals may be weighted automatically on a commonly accessible scale which periodically measured the weight of the animal, on scales provided in the feeding pens or on scales provided in the parlour stalls.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,673,647 relates to an automated method and system for providing individual animal electronic identification, measurement and value based management of cattle in a large cattle feedlot. Animals are individually identified and measured by weight, external dimensions and characteristics of internal body tissue. The individual identification and registration of the cattle with respect to physical and other information is used for calculating the optimal time for slaughtering. There is no mentioning of an individual feeding of the cattle or feeding means and the cattle are fed directly on the ground in the herd.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,355,833 relates to a computer controlled equipment for breeding of calves and other animals, comprising means for identification and weighing of each animal, computation of amount and composition of feed from the weight, the increase in weight, thickness of fat layer, temperature etc.
German Patent Application DE 3 623 816 relates to an equipment in which the animals are weighted and an amount of feed is computed according to the individual weight and weight gain of the animal and the feed ratio is dispersed and registered.
Several other patents and patent applications relates to controlled breeding of animals, such as F1 930 961, GB 2 190 767, GB 2 220 834, GB 2 232 053, DE 195 21 570, FR 2 507 776, FR 2 623 688, EP 0 657 098, WO 84/01688, WO 91/10358, WO 96/00003, WO 98/47351, WO 97/47187, WO 98/39475, U.S. Pat. No. 4,461,240, U.S. Pat. No. 4,463,706, U.S. Pat. No. 4,532,892, U.S. Pat. No. 3,180,321, U.S. Pat. No. 4,498,424, U.S. Pat. No. 4,589,372, U.S. Pat. No. 5,309,864 and U.S. Pat. No. 5,579,719.
However, none of the above identified references include the tracing between each individual animal and thereby the potential products derived therefrom and the identification of the particular feed being fed to said individual animals.
By the use of the present invention, detailed knowledge of the conditions for the individual animal may be provided to the consumers, primarily relating to feeding and type of feed, such as organically grown feed, genetically modified feed, absence of animal food in feed for herbivores etc., conditions relating to health, such as cases of illness, intake of medicine within a given period etc. Furthermore, the method of the present invention provides the condition that the well-being of the individual animal is constantly monitored so that no animal will show behaviour or other characteristics indicating illness or other deviation from the normal well-being for a longer period without action is taken to change the condition of the animal.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for breeding of animals in which a precise and traceable identification of the feed consumed by the animal is registered and kept on record, preferably during the lifetime of the animal, so that a well documented product from the animals may be provided.
It is a further object of the invention to provide a method in which the monitored and recorded characteristics are used to actively control the conditions for the animal, including feeding of the animals as well as selection of the animals for slaughtering, for further breeding, for medical treatment, etc.
One of the advantages of the present invention relates to the possibility of identifying and separating one or more animals for slaughtering or other purposes based on a selection of data on the animals which may be incorporated into the computer program.
In one embodiment, a number of animals such as pigs are separated at a specific time based on a number of criteria or characteristics such as one or more of the following weight, fat content, health (duration from last medication, absence of fever), and age. The separation of the desired number of animals may then be performed at a given time such as a planned transportation to the slaughterhouse. If the desired number is not available, the system may set a number of alternative criteria or ranges to secure that the desired number of animals are separated.
In a further embodiment, the characteristics which are used for separating the animal include registration of conditions relating to stress such as the stress symptoms including pulse, blood pressure and registration of a dilation of the eye pupil, all parameters is compared with a basic value registered and recorded on each animal. Any of these factors may be registered and stored at any desired time according to the control system of the present invention. The specific registration is preferable performed in connection with the registration of the individual animal in the automatic feeding unit, or in connection with weighting or if desired, the animal may regularly be separated for the specific detection of any of such features.
In a still further embodiment, the method of controlling according to the present invention involves recording of data relevant for the individual animal suitability for breeding in addition to the basic recording of the parent. These data include a recording of number of piglets delivered by the sow, the weight of the piglets and other health parameters. Accordingly, the computer program may identify the optimal parent animals for breeding in accordance with the situation and circumstances wherein which the animals should live, such as the climate, available food, stress factors in addition to factors relating to health, weight gain in relation to food intake, etc.
In a still further embodiment, animals which has been genetically engineered for the purpose of organ delivery for transplantation into humans may be monitored and controlled according to the present invention.
In addition, a product arising from the animal such as milk may in the further production and handling be followed by a recording allowing identification of the animal delivering the product at a later stage. In one embodiment, the meat arising for the animal is registered and followed by an identification which e.g. in case of contaminated meat allows identification of the individual animal as well as the entire herd. It will also be possible to identify other products which has been in any contact or possible contact with the contaminated product during the handling procedure.
Animals which has been genetically engineered for delivering a product with a specific quality such as a human hormone excreted in the milk may be subject to a concrete surveillance according to the invention in that weight, temperature, health parameters and behaviour is registered and monitored for the individual animal.
The advantage of the present invention relates to the fact that it will be possible to breed a large number of animals with a minimal man capacity. At the same time it is possible to diminish loss of feed and furthermore, the breeding may be adapted to one or more specific desired qualities of the product without increasing cost or work. In other words, the system allow e.g. the breeding of animals with different fat content to be breed together and also to feed a selected number of animals with a selected food. The breeding may also be performed during circumstances securing the overall welfare of the animal.
According to the main aspect, the present invention relates to a method for controlling breeding of animals of a herd comprising for each animal the repeated series of steps of
These data suitable for unique identification of the feed dispersed to the animal may be used for establishing a link between an animal or a product derived from an animal, such as meat or milk, to an identified source of feed. This feature implies several advantages. It enables that the consumer can obtain data relating to the content of the feed given to the animal, such as e.g. a possible content of genetically modified plant products, animal products such as meat-and-bone meal, plant products that have been treated with pesticides or straw-shortening agents, etc. The feature further enables the establishment of a link from a source of feed containing unwanted or harmful components to animals or products from animals that have been fed the feed in question as well as a link from an animal or a product that have been demonstrated to contain such component to a limited sources of feed, from which the contaminated feed may be identified and a link from the feed to animals and products may be established. The unique identification of the batch of feed may be the code used commonly comprising a 12 number identification of the content of the batch plus a 4 number identification of the batch itself. This identification may be combined with the storage of a sample of each batch as described below.
Thus, the method may further comprise the steps of
Alternatively or additionally, the link between animals and batches of feed may be used to trace animals that have been fed a given batch of feed, and the method may comprise the steps of
In a further embodiment of the present invention, the data suitable for unique identification of the batch/batches of feed from which the feed dispersed to the animal is taken are being added to a record pertaining to the identified animal for substantially all food being fed to the animal during a period corresponding substantially to the lifetime of the animal and substantially all of the data added to the record pertaining to each of the animals are kept in the record at least during said period. The adding of data to the records may also include data from monitoring of characteristics of the animal as described below and also be performed during a period corresponding substantially to the lifetime of the animal and substantially all of the data added to the record pertaining to each of the animals are kept in the record at least during said period. In addition, the monitoring may be continued for a product obtained from the animal allowing a control back in time and subsequent identification of an animal giving rise to a product of high quality or in other cases the identification of an animal which produces a product with inferior quality. Based on the record of the animal it is possible to study possible factors and conditions relevant for the final product depending on the intended use of the product, i.e. consumption, breeding, veterinarian or human medical research, etc.
Each record may alternatively or additionally comprises data relating to the identity of the mother of the individual animal, said data being suitable for enabling unique identification of feed dispersed to the mother during the pregnancy period to be retrieved. Thereby, the above-mentioned links may be established for the indirect feed consumption of the animals in the embryonic stage.
The linking between animal and batches of feed may in a preferred embodiment be extended to comprise a linking between products derived from the animals and the batches of feed. Thus, the method may further comprise the steps of
As it is increasingly important to have a safe identification on an animal and as the genetic technology now allows easy test for an animals DNA profile, the method may involve a record comprising data being significant for the DNA of the animal to which the record pertains so that each animal may be positively linked to the record pertaining to said animal by means of said data. Thus, the method may further comprise the steps of
In order to achieve a more detailed monitoring of the animals and for use e.g. in separation of animals from the herd, the data concerning the feeding of the individual animal may comprises data concerning the time at which the animal is fed.
The method according to the invention may furthermore comprise the steps of
In a further embodiment the method additionally comprises the steps of
In an important aspect of the invention, the method is a method wherein the feeding unit comprises detection means for detecting a possible amount of feed that was not consumed by the animal to which it was dispersed and for communicating data being significant of said amount to the control unit, said data being added to the record pertaining to said animal. Advantageously, the detection means may comprise a camera for producing an image of the feeding bowl after the animal has left is and a computer programme for determining the potential amount of non-consumed feed from the image.
Such a system has proven to require less maintenance than a weighing unit in the feeding bowl. It is detected that the animal has not finished the full amount of feed, the amount may be decreased for the next feeding whereas the amount of feed may be increased if the animal empties the bowl. The feeding is thereby adjusted to optimise the growth rate for the individual animal from weaning to slaughtering. The collected data may also be used for computation of the E value discussed below and for monitoring of the well being of the animal.
The characteristics to be monitored according to the present invention may according to the invention relates to the step of monitoring of at least one of the following characteristics.
In case stress factors is relevant the method comprises the monitoring of at least one of the following characteristics relating to the stress level of the animal.
In a further aspect, the temperature of each animal is monitored, and the method further comprising the steps of
Due to the fact that feeding is an important and economical relevant factor in breeding, the method according to the invention may further comprise the step of
The calculation of E values may also be utilised for, on a regular basis, computing statistical values of weight unit growth per consumed weight unit of a given feed (E value) for a plurality of the animals by means of the control unit using data comprised within the record pertaining to each of said plurality of animals so as to provide a measure of the quality of the given feed and thereby evaluate the quality e.g. in order to adjust the feeding rations and/or to monitor changes in the quality. It is preferred in order to make the calculation of the E value as precise as possible that the dispersed amount of feed is weighted before it is fed to the animal instead of relying on the precision of the dispersing means, such as a screw conveyor. With a large number of systems for breeding of animals according to the present method and using a vast number of different types of feed, it will be possible to range the types of feed according to the quality, i.e. the unit growth per unit consumed weight or per unit costs, and having a separate range for each group of animals, such as porkers 20-30 kg of weight, etc. This ranging of the types of feed may according to the invention be prepared and made publicly accessible on a computer system being connected to a public communication network.
In a still more preferred embodiment, the method comprises the steps of
The feed ration for each animal may also be adjusted by means of the control unit according to the detected temperature and optionally to the wind speed the animals are subjected to. This is due to he fact that the temperature of the environment is relevant for the energy each animal will need.
It is a general advantage if the breeding system is arranged to perform automatic separation of a subgroup of animals from the herd for the purpose of e.g. slaughtering, for medical treatment, etc. Thus, the method may further comprise the steps of
The control unit may preferable at least temporarily connected to a data communication network which it is able to communicate with at least one remote system. The remote system may be a surveillance system from which the operation of the control unit may be remotely monitored and at least partially controlled. The communication between the control unit may be via private data communication means, public data communication means such as telephone lines, it may be by wire or wireless, or any combination of data communication means and networks. The communication is preferably established as a two-way communication.
The method may also comprise the step of issuing a warning information requesting external interaction by means of the control unit in case at least one condition of a list of conditions is fulfilled, the list of conditions comprising at least the following conditions.
In a further aspect, the feeding unit comprises feed storage means and monitoring means for monitoring the content of the storage means and communicating to the control unit accordingly, the list of conditions further comprising one or more of the following conditions.
The warning may be issued for any other monitored characteristic of the animal or any other malfunction of the system, such as erroneous function of the weighing means, of gates, of turning of carrousel, etc. The operation of the system may furthermore be monitored by cameras producing images from which a malfunction of the system may be detected automatically by image analysis. The analysis may be performed in the control unit or in a remote surveillance system.
In a preferred embodiment, the warning information is issued to a remote system by means of the data communication network.
Use of medicine in the breeding is of increasing interest in that resistance and leftover of medicine in the products of the animal should be avoided. Accordingly, control of the feeding unit may further comprise the step of controlling medicine dispersing means of the feeding unit in accordance with medicine dispersing data stored within the record pertaining to the identified animal in the feeding unit so that the animal is being provided with a predetermined ration of medicine, the data concerning the dispersing of medicine is added to said record.
The invention also relates to a method wherein a subgroup is selected to be in accordance with a separation order communicated to the control unit, the separation order comprising data relating to the number of animals to be separated and to at least one quality to be fulfilled by the selected animals, the at least one quality being selected from a list of qualities comprising the following quality:
In general, the separation is performed in relation to the feeding and the separation order may further comprises data relating to the time at which the separation following the selection is to be accomplished, the separation of animals being performed with consideration to data relating to the times at which the animal is fed comprised in the record of each animal. In addition, animals that are separated for slaughtering are preferable identified and monitored through the procedure of separation, transport to the place of slaughtering and the slaughtering process itself so that the a plurality of times relating to said procedure are monitored for each of the individual animals the times are added to the records pertaining to the respective animals.
A separation order as discussed above may be communicated to the control unit from a computer system being external to the control unit via a public data communication network, and optionally also via a remote surveillance system and the control unit, respectively the remote surveillance system, is in this embodiment adapted to receive such a separation order of a given format and effectuate it automatically. The separation order is typically issued from a slaughterhouse or the like. The separation order comprises in a preferred embodiment a future date of separation and the control unit are adapted to control the breeding so as to aim at fulfilling the at least one quality of the separation order.
Finally, the receipt of a separation order from an external computer system is in a most preferred embodiment followed by the step of issuing an order confirmation from the control unit, optionally from a remote surveillance system, via a public data communication network to the external computer system, said order confirmation comprising information indicating to which extend said separation order may be executed.
Each of the records may further comprise data relating to the identity of the parents of the animal and to the date of birth.
As explained above, animals that are separated for slaughtering may be followed through the slaughtering process as well as the meat processing process so that at least some of the final products originating from the animals can be positively identified as to from which animal the product originates. It is preferred that said identified products are equipped with an identification means by means of which the animal from which the product originates can be identified.
It is thus possible to offer customers to place orders containing detailed specifications for the specific product and to control the production and breeding accordingly. By the tracing of the products and animals made possible be the present system, it is possible for the customer to control that the specifications are fulfilled. An order could comprise the following specifications:
Similarly, a request can be made to the control unit or the remote system whether a given number of animals fulfilling a given set of criteria can be separated and delivered at a given date of delivery.
In a still further aspect, the invention relates to a breeding arrangement controlled by use of the method and comprising a mud-hole arranged accessible for the animals, the mudhole having such dimensions that it may contain at least one of said animals and having a design so that said animals are able to enter and leave the mud-hole, the mud-hole comprising detection means for detecting the relative content of one or more components of excreta in a liquid contained within the mud-hole and communicating an output accordingly to the control unit, the control unit comparing the output with a predetermined range stored within the storage means and issuing a warning in case the output deviates from said range. Any warning may be issued to an external system via the communication network.
The above-mentioned methods may comprise a monitoring of the intake of drinking water by the individual animal as well as the time of the water intake, a data recordation accordingly and the issuing of a warning or the separation of an animal if the water intake deviates from a predetermined range. The range may be determined from a number of data, such as the weight, age, race and/or sex of the animal, environmental conditions such as temperature, wind speed and/or humidity, and a deviation from the range may be an early indication of an illness of the animal, typically diarrhoea which may be deadly to the animal if diagnosed late in the course of the disease. The amount of drinking water may also be measured out for each of the animals in the drinking bowl and/or in the feeding bowl.
The present invention relates in a further aspect, that may be regarded as a separate invention that may be combined with any of the previously mentioned steps and features or may be incorporated in the above method, to a method for controlling breeding of animals of a herd comprising for each animal the repeated series of steps of
Thus, according to this aspect, at least the weight and the feeding of the animal is monitored by the control unit as well as the water intake by the animal. Thereby, a full surveillance of the essential characteristics is available for detecting deviations in the well being of the animal. The intake of drinking water may increase or decrease as a function of a number of parameters and with the use of the data relating to feeding and weight, a potential illness of the animal may be detected from the data relating to the intake of water and the necessary measures may be taken. Thus, the method may further comprise the steps of
Furthermore, the step of separation of the animal is accompanied by the issuance of warning information by means of the control unit.
The present invention relates in a yet further aspect, which may be regarded as a separate invention that may be combined with any of the previously mentioned steps and features or may be incorporated in the above methods, to a method for controlling breeding of animals of a herd comprising
Thus, the control unit may advantageously base the computation of the feed ration on a predetermined desired weight of the individual animal and a predetermined future date on which date said individual animal is desired to reach said weight, whereby a given number of animals may be ready for separation, e.g. for slaughtering, with a given weight at a given date. The control of the weight may be performed by feeding the animals a larger, respectively a smaller ratio of feed, or it can be performed by changing the composition or mixture of feed for the individual animal. The method may accordingly comprise the steps of
The present invention relates in another yet further aspect, which may be regarded as a separate invention that may be combined with any of the previously mentioned steps and features or may be incorporated in the above methods, to
a method for controlling breeding of animals of a herd comprising for each animal the repeated series of steps of
The present invention relates in a still yet further aspect, which may be regarded as a separate invention that may be combined with any of the previously mentioned steps and features or may be incorporated in the above methods, to a method for remote surveillance of a plurality of breeding systems each for automatic breeding of animals of a separate herd by means of a central surveillance computer system, the method comprises for each of the breeding systems the steps of
Furthermore, the present invention relates to a computer system comprising at least one general purpose computer having one or more computer programs stored within data storage means associated therewith, the computer system being arranged for as well as being adapted for performing the above-described method.
Also, the present invention relates to a computer program product being adapted to enable a computer system comprising at least one general purpose computer having data storage means associated therewith and being arranged suitably to perform the above described method.
An embodiment of the present invention described in the following with reference to the figures. The embodiment is only an example in which only a part of the possible features of the present invention as discussed above are demonstrated. The embodiment is illustrated as shown in
The flow diagrams
The arrangement given as an example of an embodiment according to the invention comprises separation equipment having a transceiver 1 for communicating with transponders in the earmarks of each of the animals for identification of the individual animals, an inlet gate 2 that is opened for an animal if the identification made by means of the transceiver 1 indicates that the animal should be fed, a scale 3 for determining the weight of the animal that have entered the separation enclosure defined by the gates 2, 67 7, and the fence 8, a second transceiver 4 for verifying the identification of the animal, a first outlet gate 6 for providing access to the feeding carrousel 9 and a second outlet gate 7 for separating individual animals from the rest of the herd. Furthermore, the arrangement is equipped with an infra red sensor (not shown) for detecting the temperature of the skin of the animal that has entered the equipment and for communicating the measured value to a control unit.
The feeding carrousel 9 is divided with fences 10 into eight parts of a suitable size for accommodating an animal, each part comprising a feeding bowl 11 with supply for feed and optionally drinking water. The carrousel 9 on the figure is turning counter-clockwise with a typical rotational speed of about four turns per hour so that an animal will have seven eighths of a quarter of an hour (about thirteen minutes) to eat but the rotational speed is adjustable. The carrousel 9 is supported by a conical ball bearing as manufactured e.g. by Jost (Neuisenburg, Germany). The carrousel 9 is surrounded by a stationary fence 12 that covers most of the circumference of the carrousel 9 except at the gate 6 leading to the carrousel 9 and to the left of the gate 6 at the outlet position 13 where the animals are leaving the carrousel 9. An arm 14 is provided for expelling the animals from the part being at the outlet position 13. The arm 14 is slightly curving in the horizontal plane so at so prevent the animal from being wedged or squeezed. The fences 10 dividing the carrousel 9 and the arm 14 are formed from slats arranged so that the fences 10 may pass the arm 14, as being apparent from FIG. 3. The shown arm 14 comprises four slats but the arm 14 according to the invention comprises at least one slat and the fences have a opening defined therein for being able to pass the arm 14. The number of slats on the arm 14 and their shape and vertical position depends on the kind of animals to be fed in the arrangement.
The arm 14 may alternatively be mounted on the centre part of the carrousel 9 or it may be constructed as a turntable with approximately the same diameter as the carrousel 9 and turning in the same direction just above the floor of the carrousel 9. The centre of the turntable is situated just outside the perimeter of the carrousel 9 so that the animal are forced to jump onto the turntable which turns the animal and move it out from the part of the carrousel 9. The arm 14 is in an alternative embodiment replaced by a pushing member mounted on an air cylinder so that it may move along a radial to the carrousel 9 from the centre so as to push the animal from the part being at the outlet position 13, which may be combined with a turnable part of the floor in the part of the carrousel 9 that turns the animal within the part of the carrousel 9 a half-turn so that it is facing the periphery of the carrousel 9 before it is expelled. According to another alternative embodiment, the arm 14 is replaced by an air cylinder that lifts the inner end of a section of the floor of the carrousel 9 covering the part being at the outlet position 13 whereas the outer end of the floor section is hinged to a frame part of the carrousel 9 near the outer periphery of the carrousel 9 so that the animal is tipped out from the part of the carrousel 9. According to yet another embodiment, the section of the floor of the carrousel 9 covering the part being at the outlet position 13 is removed with the animal positioned on it either by dragging or lifting the floor section which is replaced by a similar floor section for allowing another animal to use the part of the carrousel 9. The above alternatives may also be combined in various ways to meet the requirement of expelling the animal from the part of the carrousel 9.
The animals leave the carrousel 9 to an enclosure such as a part 15 of the feeding hut 16 as shown on FIG. 2. The animals may only leave the enclosure through a one-way door 17, thus assuring that the animals pass the feeding system in one direction.
The supply of feed to the feeding bowls 11 may be provided from a feed container 18 arranged under the ceiling of the feeding hut, the feed being led from the container 18 through an opening 19 in the lower part of the container to the feeding bowls 11. A screw conveyor 20 measures out a specified amount of feed to the individual animal that is fed from the specified feeding bowl 11. The amount of feed is for porkers typically in the range of 1.5-3.5 kg.
The arrangement has a safety system to ensure that the animals will not suffer any harm in case of a malfunction of the system. The carrousel 9 is driven by a 220 V AC electric motor having an overload protection mechanism and the safety system comprises means for detecting an increased load on the motor for driving the carrousel 9 so as to detect e.g. whether an animal has become wedged. The load on the motor may be measured from the phase shift of the motor or from a phase converter controlling the operation of the motor. Similar safety arrangements may be provided for other drive means, such as pneumatic or hydraulic motors, internal combustion engines etc. In case such an incident or another major malfunction is detected, the safety system stops the rotation of the carrousel 9 and a valve connecting a reservoir of pressurised air with a number of pneumatic cylinders is opened, causing the gates 2, 6 to open and the fences 10 dividing the carrousel 9 into parts to be raised, thus allowing the animals within the arrangement to leave it. The control system of the arrangement is permanently or temporarily connected via communication means to a surveillance system and the safety system provides a signal to the surveillance system in case of a malfunction. The arrangement may be reset from the surveillance system in case the malfunction is remotely correctable by the surveillance system.
The arrangement is used for controlled feeding of the individual animal of a free range herd. The animals are preferably pigs for which individual feeding is advantageous for both sows and porkers that are raised for meat production. Both sows and porkers are fed with different compositions and amounts of feed depending on a number of circumstances. The feeding of the sows depends on whether they are in heat, are pregnant, are nursing piglets, are about to farrow, etc. and the feeding of the porkers depends on their age and weight, the so-called phase feeding programme. The individual control of the feeding of the animals ensures that the stronger or more aggressive animals do not keep other animals of the herd from the feed, which for large herds of porkers ensures a more homogeneous distribution of size and weight of porkers of the similar age and a generally better well-being and health of the animals. The free-range herds of porkers of similar age or of mixed age are often large, comprising 100, 200 or even 500 or more animals.
The feeding arrangement is equipped with a control unit, such as a computer having a logical unit and memory means for storing data, input and output units and means for controlling the operation of the arrangement. The feeding arrangement is advantageously used together with computer software for carrying out a method for feeding the animals, the computer software being stored within the memory means and controlling the steps of the operation of the arrangement. The operation of the feeding arrangement for a herd of animals each having an earmark comprising a transponder for unique identification is described below. The operation of the control unit is controlled by the computer software.
The transceiver 1 registers that an earmark is present within the sensing distance, typically about 600 mm, of the transceiver 1 and it is determined by the control unit whether the animal is to be fed or separated, in which two cases the animal is allowed into the separation arrangement. Commonly, the animals are fed twice a day. If the animal is allowed into the separation arrangement, the inlet gate 2 is opened. When the animal has entered the enclosure and is standing on the scale 3, the second transceiver 4 registers the identity of the earmark so as to confirm the identification of the animal and to determine that the animal is placed correctly within the enclosure so that the inlet gate 2 may be closed. The weight of the animal is determined from a signal received by the control unit from the scale 3 an adjustable period, typically of about 15 seconds, after the animal has entered the scale, and the weight is entered into a record of the individual animal. The scale 3 calibrates automatically when the enclosure is empty and the scale 3 is unloaded. Optionally, the arrangement also comprises means for measuring the surface temperature of the animal by measuring the infrared radiation from the animal, and alternatively or additionally the earmark may comprise a temperature sensor and means for transferring data regarding the measured temperature to the control unit. The registration of the body temperature serves the purposes of determining whether an animal is ill or, in case of a sow, determines whether the sow is in heat. The arrangement may also comprise means for measuring the thickness of the fat layer on the back of the animals, primarily for porkers.
The control unit now determines whether the animal should be fed, in which case the outlet gate 6 to the feeding carrousel 9 is opened, or the animal should be separated due to illness, a sow being in heat, for slaughtering or for other reasons, in which case the outlet gate 7 for separation is opened. The separation arrangement may optionally comprise more than one outlet gate for separation for different reasons and purposes, or the outlet gate 7 may lead to an enclosure having a plurality of outlet gates for selective separation. The opening of the outlet gate 6 to the feeding carrousel 9 is synchronised with the angular position of the carrousel 9 so that each animal is led to an open part of the carrousel 9. The outlet gate 6 or 7 is closed and the inlet gate 2 is ready to open for another animal at a predetermined time period, e.g., 10 seconds, after the outlet gate 6, 7 is opened. The outlet gate 6, 7 does not close if the animal has not left the enclosure completely but the inlet gate 2 is opened so that the following animal will push the preceding animal out from the enclosure. The outlet gate 6, 7 is closed in response to the signal from the second transceiver 4 indicating that no earmark or other transponder is within reading distance of the transceiver 4. Alternatively, the outlet gate 6, 7 is closed in response to the output from the scale 3 indicating that the animal has left the enclosure.
Feed is provided in the feeding bowl 11 in an amount determined by the control unit by activation of the screw conveyor 20. Optionally, the arrangement comprises more than one feed container 18 and the feed may be mixed individually for each animal. Subpopulations of the animals may be fed with different types of feed in order to fulfil different requirements from different customers such as organically grown feed. Furthermore, a supply of drinking water may be provided within each part and means for dosing medicine into the feed for the individual animal may also be provided.
A record for each animal of the herd is kept within the memory means of the control unit. The record comprises the transponder identification number, an identification number, the day of birth of the animal, identification of sow and boar and weight at the age of 6-8 weeks. Optionally, the daily registered weight, temperature, amount of feed, unique identification of feed, the hour and minute of each daily feeding and/or the thickness of the layer of fat is also kept on record. For sows, data regarding expected heat, data regarding the day of insemination and day of expected farrowing and/or data regarding size of litter may also be kept on record.
A number significant of the utilisation of the feed, the E value, may be calculated as follows based on the recorded data.
The amount of feed for porkers is determined from a table stored within the memory means of the control unit and comprising data connecting the age, normal weight and amount and mixture of feed for the animals. If the weight of an animal deviates to the lower side from the normal weight with more than a certain percentage, e.g. 5%, the amount of feed for that particular animal is increased over a period. The lower weight may be caused by illness for which reason the effect of the increased amount of feed is monitored over a period and the animal is separated from the herd if the desired effect is not achieved. The amount of feed is in general raised for all animals if the temperature is low and/or for certain combinations of temperature and wind for animals living outdoor, because it takes more energy for the animals to keep the body temperature up. The amount of feed is typically raised with 5% due to cold weather but the amount of feed may be adjusted to more than one other level so that a more precise adaptation to the environment of the animals may be made.
The control unit is preferably connected to a surveillance system via a private or public communication network or a combination thereof. The communication between the person or persons who look after the free-range breeding arrangement and the herd of animals will most often take place via the network. The control unit may prepare operating reports to the surveillance system with a predetermined interval and/or on demand, and reports regarding malfunctions of the system are sent to the surveillance system. An operating report may comprise data regarding the individual animal and statistical data about the number of animals within a weight interval, the temperature of the animals, etc. The statistical data from the control unit may advantageously be used for optimising the raising of the porkers with regard to amount and composition of feed, compensation for change of type of feed, for monitoring the effect of changes in the physical environment of the animals, such as the huts, the area of the field, the arrangement on the field, etc. The statistical data also constitutes an important parameter in the selection of parent animals for breeding.
The separation of animals for slaughtering is typically performed by communicating the number of animals of a given weight that is desired to be separated from the herd to the control unit prior to the actual fetching of the animals, e.g. twelve hours before. Alternatively or additionally, the animals for slaughtering may be chosen due to another parameter such as the thickness of the fat layer on the back of the animal, the time period in which the separation is to take place, based on the registered habits of the animals, the E value of the animals, etc., The control unit then selects the desired number from the animals passing the separation unit and separates these animals to an enclosure provided with drinking water. The progress of the separation process may be monitored at distance via the communication network. The control unit corrects the records on the herd after the animals for slaughtering have been fetched and the data regarding the separated animals may be transferred to the surveillance system so that the data may follow the animals/the meat, optionally all the way to the consumer. In an alternative approach, information is requested from the control unit regarding how many animals of a given size that may be separated within a given time period and the number is predicted based on the registration of the habits of the individual animal. A list of the animals chosen for separation may be supplied from the control unit to the user for manually editing of the list a returning it to the control unit.
A separation command given to the control unit could as an example comprise:
The control unit may also be connected with equipment for providing pictures and/or sound from one or more locations of the breeding system and in particular for the separation and feeding arrangement and for transferring these recordings to the surveillance system.
Another function of the system is to optimise the feeding of the individual animals in order to reach a given set of criteria at a given time. Typically, a previously placed order defines a common set of criteria for a given number of animals and a time of delivery, the criteria comprising e.g. a weight range and a thickness of the fat layer on the back of the animals. The animals are weighted and the thickness of the fat layer is measured at least once each day and the composition of the feed for the individual animal is adjusted to reach these criteria. The feed is mixed from a number of different types of feed having different content of protein, filling material with less nutritional value, vitamins, etc.
The feeding of the animals is reduced the last three days before separation of slaughtering so that the animals are delivered to the slaughterhouse with less filled intestines so that contamination of meat and equipment is reduced.
The method of the present invention is performed by means of a Personal Computer having a central processing unit (CPU), random access memory (RAM), a permanent storage medium being a hard disc, communication means to communicate with external sensors etc. and a connection to a public data communication network through which it may establish connection with the remote surveillance system.
The detailed monitoring of the feeding of the animals including registration of the identity of the consumed feed makes it possible to establish a link from an animal or a product derived from the animal, such as meat, to an identified source of feed. Likewise, a known source of feed that e.g. have shown to contain unwanted components, impurities or pollution can be linked to animals or products derived from animals that have been fed the feed in question. The linking may be extended to link feed consumed by a dam, such as a sow, during pregnancy with the individual animals of the litter.
The process of registration starts with the control unit of the breeding system issuing an order of delivery of feed to the surveillance system. The issuance of the order is based on measurements of the level of feed in the feed storage silos of the breeding system in question. Alternatively, the order is based on a calculation of the feed consumption from the amount of feed dispersed to the animals. The amount of feed dispersed may, in order to obtain a more precise measure, for each feeding of each animal be weighed and the weight be registered. The surveillance system forwards an electronic delivery order by electronic mail to a supplier business concerning the type of feed, the amount, place and date of delivery etc. The supplier business replies by electronic mail with a confirmation of the delivery order, a reference number uniquely identifying the feed and a declaration of the content of the feed. When the feed is delivered from the supplier, a test sample of 3 kg of the feed is deposited for permit a possible later analysis of the content of the feed. Every time an animal within the breeding system is fed, the reference number of the feed is registered in the record of the animal together with the amount consumed by the animal.
In the case of breeding of porkers, the animals are separated automatically from the herd when ready for slaughtering. The porkers are equipped with an earmark in each ear having identical transceivers so that the two half carcasses of the slaughtered animal each can be uniquely identified. Each larger piece of meat that is cut off the carcass is being equipped with a machine-readable identification mark, a barcode or preferably a transponder, when it is packed and the identification mark is in a database linked to the identity of the animal obtained from the earmark. Alternatively or as a supplement, the DNA profile of the animal can be used to identify the meat.
A customer in a retail store distributing the meat may now from a computer in the store having means for reading the identification mark be able to obtain information about the feed the animal have been fed, such as e.g. a possible content of genetically modified plant products, animal products such as meat-and-bone meal, plant products that have been treated with pesticides or straw-shortening agents, etc., or e.g. whether and to which extend the feed was organically grown, is guaranteed not to be contaminated by plant diseases, such as fungal attacks, etc. The data are preferably obtained by means of a data communication connection between said store computer and the computer of the remote surveillance system or another central computer system holding the relevant information from the breeding system and the slaughterhouse.
Another important use of the linkage between products and feed is the case of a possible content of an unwanted component in a piece of meat, such as e.g. dioxin, PCB etc. If it is found that a piece of meat contains animal dioxin at a level beyond the limit value. The identification mark of the piece of meat is used to identify the animal and the record of the animal within the control unit of the breeding system is used to identify the sources of feed. An analysis of the deposited test samples does not reveal a content of dioxin, and the data of the record is used to identify the mother of the animal and the feed she consumed during the pregnancy. An analysis of the relevant samples reveals that the sow from day 58 to day 93 of the pregnancy has consumed feed having a content of animal dioxin. As a result, all animals that have consumed the polluted feed, directly or indirectly, can be identified and the meat can be destroyed. This is highly advantageous as compared to the situation of today in which it is necessary to destroy huge amounts of meat that might be polluted, or alternatively do nothing.
For this use the DNA profile of the animal may be advantageous to use to identify products derived from an animal because it may be used to analyse the products in any state, e.g. from manufactured products or even from the stomach content of a person.
The use of the DNA profile may comprise that a tissue sample is taken from the animal within the first 24 hours after birth, a DNA profile is prepared by means of a kit in which the sample is given a unique number being the same ID number as that of the ear tags applied to the animal in order to minimise the risk of exchange by mistake. The profile data are entered into the record pertaining to the animal and the data may be used for searched among the records. The DNA profile may be used to identify and trace products derived from the animal and link these to the feed consumed by the animals.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Oct 18, 1962
|Apr 27, 1965
|Aldinger Stanley M
|Apparatus and method for feeding livestock
|Dec 12, 1974
|Dec 30, 1975
|Universal Identification Syste
|Animal food monitor
|Jun 17, 1982
|Jul 24, 1984
|Animal monitoring apparatus
|May 19, 1982
|Aug 7, 1984
|J.B.M. Associates
|Method and system for monitoring the dispensing of drugs or nutrients to animals
|May 6, 1983
|Feb 12, 1985
|Holscher & Leuschner Gmbh & Co.
|Animal feeding method and apparatus
|Jul 7, 1983
|May 21, 1985
|Key Systems, Inc.
|Animal feeding system
|May 2, 1984
|Aug 6, 1985
|Ralston Purina Company
|Animal feeding and monitoring system
|Mar 4, 1985
|May 20, 1986
|The University Of Toledo
|Dispensing system having weight dependent control means
|Mar 12, 1992
|Dec 29, 1992
|Gaalswyk Mark K
|Livestock feed batching system
|Nov 12, 1991
|May 10, 1994
|N.V. Nederlandsche Apparatenfabriek Nedap
|Method and apparatus for feeding animals
|Apr 13, 1993
|Oct 18, 1994
|Michel Legrain
|Computer aided feed distribution equipment for young animals
|Apr 6, 1995
|Dec 3, 1996
|Iowa State University Research Foundation, Inc.
|Method and means for quasi ad-libitum feeding for gestation sows in loose housing
|Oct 31, 1994
|Oct 7, 1997
|Micro Chemical, Inc.
|Cattle management method and system
|Jul 8, 1998
|Jul 4, 2000
|Crain; Scott L.
|Feedyard information system and associated method
|Feb 11, 2002
|Dec 16, 2003
|William R. Pape
|Method and system for livestock data collection and management
|Jul 15, 1986
|Jan 22, 1987
|Vogl Gerhard
|Feeding installation for animals
|Jan 23, 1987
|Aug 4, 1988
|Buschhoff Th Ag
|Arrangement for request feeding of pigs
|Jun 19, 1995
|Jan 2, 1997
|Duevelsdorf & Sohn Gmbh & Co K
|Control of free to move animals in e.g. milking shed
|Dec 9, 1994
|Jun 14, 1995
|N.V. Nederlandsche Apparatenfabriek NEDAP
|Information system and method for automatically obtaining data about animals in dairy farming
|Title not available
|Title not available
|Title not available
|Title not available
|Title not available
|Title not available
|Oct 26, 1983
|May 10, 1984
|Bi Inc
|Identification system
|Jan 16, 1991
|Jul 25, 1991
|Alfa-Laval Agriculture International Ab
|Method and system for feeding cows
|Jun 19, 1995
|Jan 4, 1996
|Maasland N.V.
|A construction including an implement for automatically milking animals
|Jun 14, 1996
|Dec 18, 1997
|Alfa Laval Agri Ab
|A system and a method for monitoring the physical condition of a herd of livestock
|Mar 6, 1998
|Sep 11, 1998
|Parlanca Limited
|A method and system of identification of a meat product by genotyping
|Apr 17, 1998
|Oct 29, 1998
|Avid Identification Syst Inc
|Animal husbandry system
|Mar 8, 1999
|Sep 16, 1999
|Pape William R
|Method and apparatus for livestock data collection and management system
|Dell.com homepage dated Oct. 07, 1997. (www.web.archive.org/web/19971007225928/http://www.dell.com.*
|International PCT application no. PCT/DK00/00485, filed Sep. 4, 2000 entitled, "Method for Controlling Breeding of Free-Range Animals," publication number WO 01/17340 A1.
|U.S. National Phase Patent Application No. 10/069,885 filed Jun. 3, 2002 entitled, "Method for Controlling Breeding of Free-Range Animals."
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|May 19, 2005
|Jul 11, 2006
|Kristoffer Larsen Innovation A/S
|Free-range animal breeding control system
|Feb 6, 2006
|Nov 20, 2007
|Can Technologies, Inc.
|Computer system for determining a customized animal feed
|Dec 6, 2005
|Jun 17, 2008
|Life Science Control Corporation
|Precision watering method and apparatus
|Jun 30, 2005
|May 19, 2009
|Innovated Agricultural Concepts, Llc
|Method for creating a verified food source
|Jun 16, 2008
|Jun 2, 2009
|Life Science Control Corporation
|Precision watering method and apparatus
|Jul 27, 2005
|Nov 2, 2010
|Can Technologies, Inc.
|System and method for optimizing animal production based on environmental nutrient inputs
|Apr 3, 2009
|Nov 23, 2010
|Innovative Agricultural Concepts, Llc
|Method for creating a verified food source
|Jul 27, 2005
|Mar 8, 2011
|Can Technologies, Inc.
|System and method for optimizing animal production based on empirical feedback
|Jun 15, 2009
|Apr 29, 2014
|Big Dutchman International Gmbh
|Poultry weighing apparatus
|Nov 10, 2004
|Jun 16, 2005
|Can Technologies, Inc.
|Computer system for determining a customized animal feed
|Jul 29, 2004
|Feb 16, 2006
|Can Technologies, Inc.
|System and method for animal production optimization
|Jul 27, 2005
|Feb 23, 2006
|Can Technologies, Inc.
|System and method for optimizing animal production based on environmental nutrient inputs
|Jul 27, 2005
|Feb 23, 2006
|Can Technologies, Inc.
|System and method for optimizing animal production based on empirical feedback
|Jul 27, 2005
|Feb 23, 2006
|Can Technologies, Inc.
|System and method for optimizing animal production based on dynamic nutrient information
|Jul 27, 2005
|Feb 23, 2006
|Can Technologies, Inc.
|System and method for optimizing animal production based on a target output characteristic
|Feb 6, 2006
|Dec 21, 2006
|Can Technologies, Inc.
|Computer system for determining a customized animal feed
|Jan 23, 2007
|May 24, 2007
|Can Technologies, Inc.
|Computer system for determining a customized animal feed
|Dec 6, 2005
|Jun 7, 2007
|Nardine John H Iii
|Precision watering method and apparatus
|Oct 29, 2007
|Jun 26, 2008
|Can Technologies, Inc
|System and method for optimizing animal production based on dynamic nutrient information
|Oct 29, 2007
|Jun 26, 2008
|Can Technologies, Inc.
|System and method for optimizing animal production based on environmental nutrient inputs
|Oct 29, 2007
|Jul 31, 2008
|Can Technologies, Inc.
|System and method for optimizing animal production based on empirical feedback
|Oct 29, 2007
|Aug 7, 2008
|Can Technologies, Inc.
|System and method for optimizing animal production
|Oct 29, 2007
|Sep 25, 2008
|Can Technologies, Inc.
|System and method for optimizing animal production based on a target output characteristic
|Jun 16, 2008
|Oct 2, 2008
|John Harold Nardine
|Precision Watering Method and Apparatus
|Feb 19, 2008
|Jun 11, 2009
|Hardy John P
|Livestock treatment carousel
|Apr 3, 2009
|Jul 30, 2009
|Innovative Agriocultural Concepts, Llc
|Method For Creating A Verified Food Source
|Jun 1, 2009
|Sep 24, 2009
|Nardine Iii John Harold
|Precision Watering Method and Apparatus
|Jun 6, 2007
|Sep 24, 2009
|Reika Ortho Technologies, Inc. Changzhou Hi-Tech District Multiple Dime
|Transduction orthodontic devices
|Jun 15, 2009
|Dec 31, 2009
|Johann Grave
|Poultry weighing apparatus
|Jun 4, 2008
|Dec 18, 2008
|Hardy John P
|Livestock treatment carousel
|U.S. Classification
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Nov 10, 2003
Owner name: KRISTOFFER LARSEN INNOVATION A/S, DENMARK
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:LARSEN, JESPER KRISTOFFER;REEL/FRAME:014698/0143
Effective date: 20031110
|Dec 1, 2008
|Maintenance fee reminder mailed
|May 7, 2009
|Surcharge for late payment
|May 7, 2009
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|Jan 7, 2013
|Maintenance fee reminder mailed
|May 24, 2013
|Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees
|Jul 16, 2013
|Expired due to failure to pay maintenance fee
Effective date: 20130524


text:
The Murrah Buffalo is one of the well-known water buffalo breeds in the world. The Murrah Buffalo is black in color and has short and tightly curled horns. The Murrah Buffalo has a strong built and a heavy wedged shape. The Murrah Buffalo is the finest genetic milk producing buffalo in the world. Highlights : Best breed for milk production Graze all day long High grade meat can be obtained Most versatile of all work
Murugan Dairy Farm
Uppidamangalam, Tamil Nadu - 639114, India
Deals in Buffalo
Eden Farms
1/142, Eden Gardens, Pudupalayam, Udumalpet, Tiruppur, Tamil Nadu , India
Deals in Cow, Buffalo
Ace Exports
Tiruvannamalai, Tamil Nadu , India
Deals in dairy cow, Dairy Buffalo
Dairy Cow Sales
Uppidamangalam, Tamil Nadu - 639114, India
Post your Buy Requirement
Deals in Hf Calf, Murrah Buffalo, Hf Cow
Murugan Diary Farm
Uppidamangalam, Near Chettinad Engineering College, Karur - 639114, Tamil Nadu, India, Tamil Nadu , India

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Facebook Saves Woman Utah
December 27, 2011 by staff
Facebook Saves Woman Utah, A woman used Facebook to seek help after she and her 17-month-old son were held hostage in a house for nearly five days, police said.
Police Sgt. Jon Arnold said the woman hid in a closet with a laptop to post her plea for help on the social networking website, saying she and her son would be 'dead by morning' if they were not rescued from the house in Salt Lake City, Utah.
The post prompted someone to call police, who went to the home to check on the woman's welfare, the Associated Press reports.
'Facebook was her only outlet that she had at the home,' Arnold said.
'It just happened that she was able to use it.'
Police arrested Troy Reed Critchfield, 33, and booked him into jail Saturday for investigation of aggravated kidnapping, forcible sod**y, aggravated assault, domestic violence, child abuse, animal cruelty and other charges.
Salt Lake County Jail records show Critchfield initially refused to let police in the house.
The papers say the woman shook her head to indicate 'No,' when officers asked if she was OK.
After police separated the couple, the woman told officers she and her child had not been allowed to leave the home and that she repeatedly had been hit, choked and sexually abused over a period of nearly five days.
Jail records show the woman also claimed Critchfield had taken her cell phone and the phone of a disabled child also in the home.
'She claims that any time she went to go to a door, he physically assaulted her,' Arnold told The Associated Press on Monday.
Please feel free to send if you have any questions regarding this post , you can contact on
Disclaimer: The views expressed on this site are that of the authors and not necessarily that of U.S.S.POST.


text:
Have more than one IP serial, running on same vlan, and do occurs, some of it going idle (need to power off/on to reset it), and it shows a wrong configuration, like is on the picshot:
This occurs with more than our owned IP Serials, when running on same vlan. How do troubleshot this issue?
Thanks, and best regards
IP Serial displays wrong configuration
Ethernet - Switches - Hubs - Enclosures - Patch Panels - Cabinets
3 posts Page 1 of 1
New member
- Posts: 3
- Joined: Thu Dec 03, 2015 12:21 pm
New member
- Posts: 1
- Joined: Fri May 12, 2017 7:50 am
You can be searched in the google for solution, I also had to face that same problem in my Hp laptop and I thought that it's a laptop issue and I make call to HP Support And them sad that there is no issue on your laptop, after I searched in the google I found a website i.e https://goo.gl/xAQDjJ, visit this link and follow the steps mention in the website.
3 posts Page 1 of 1


text:
Dr. Shahrad Mabourakh MD Patient Reviews
- Internal Medicine Fort Lauderdale, FL
Overall Rating
8 Patient Reviews
- Friendly Staff
- Promptness
- Wait Time 8.3 minutes
- Appropriate Followup
- Spends Time With Patients
- Bedside Manner
- Fair and Accurate Diagnosis
- Easy Appointments
Showing 1 - 8 reviews
5.0 of 5
June 23rd, 2016
Knowledgeable and caring.
Dr. Mabourakh cared for both my mother and my father for many years and he was there for them until the very end. He is truly the epitome of what a primary care physician should be: knowledgeable and caring. Despite having a busy practice with many geriatric patients, he always took the time to listen, both to the patient and to carers, not an easy thing when dealing with patients with dementia (Dad) or Parkinson's (Mom). Our entire family is especially grateful for Dr. Mabourakh's help with getting access to the services that allowed us to keep my mother at home until the end.
5.0 of 5
May 6th, 2016
Had always wished for a nose modificationâ¦
I can only say that even though filling out the required paperwork to agree with Dr. Mabourakhâs requirements made me a little unsure to proceed with the surgery, since any surgical procedure that needs anesthesia is always risky; so at some point I got really scared. But⦠â¦I just thought I can't back out any more!!! Itâs already paid for and I, for no reason will waste this opportunity. I want to thank infinitely Dr. Mabourakh and all his excellent staff!!!: He has so much experience and demonstrated, at all times that he knew what I needed to have confidenceâwhich Iâve been lacking my whole life due to this imperfection. Im very pleased with the results. I cannot describe how happy I feel when I look in the mirror and look at my new me. If ANYONE, ever has the thought of taking this stepâ¦DONâT think twice. Just do it right away, donât wait until youâre older, like me. You should enjoy of this advantage at an early age AND if you can I highly recommend Dr. Mabourakh. Heâs an EXCELLENT AND VERY PROFESSIONAL doctor. YOU WONâT REGRET IT!!
5.0 of 5
January 7th, 2015
Breast Augmentation
I've spent years planning my breast augmentation. After researching literally every plastic surgeon online I had narrowed my choice down to four board certified plastic surgeons. Three of those surgeons had been recommended by six separate friends and then there was Dr. Mabourakh- the wild card. I called the first three and got a bad vibe with every one. One wouldn't give a price over the phone. One demanded I pay for the consultation over the phone before even offering available consult dates and the last had the rudest receptionist I have ever talked to. Even though these surgeons had been recommended by friends I trust when I get a bad vide-even from a receptionist- it's a no go. When I called Dr. Mabourakh office the staff was wonderful, professional and very accommodating. My first consultation was very informative and I didn't feel at all pressured. He offers the highest quality products on the market and is honest about expected results. After my consultation I knew without a doubt Dr. Mabourakh was my surgeon. As you will see when you view his website he does amazingly beautiful work. He is professional and an absolute perfectionist in his surgical work. His entire team is fantastic. Start to finish the process has been a great experience. As a side note I chose 525cc silicone implants. I'm 5ft 7in and 165lbs. My implants look natural and proportionate to my frame. They are perfect!
5.0 of 5
April 29th, 2014
Most trustworthy doctor and staff ever!
I was fortunate to find Dr. Mabourakh several years ago when searching for a doctor for a "tummy tuck". The results were more than remarkable! Recently, I decided to undergo another procedure, a lower face/neck lift with fat injections. Of course, there is NO other doctor I would trust and as before, I was not disappointed. Results were more than amazing! It's so very important to have the faith and trust in your doctor and I have this with Dr. Mabourakh and his incredible staff.
3.0 of 5
March 17th, 2016
5.0 of 5
May 19th, 2015
5.0 of 5
September 16th, 2014
3.7 of 5
August 18th, 2014
Health Guides
Birth Control
Get the facts about birth control so you can decide which type is right for you.
more health guides
Nearby Doctors
Dr. Shahrad Mabourakh, MD is similar to these 3 Doctors near Fort Lauderdale, FL.
Lauderhill, FL
Fort Lauderdale, FL
Fort Lauderdale, FL


text:
Digital Drafting Systems continually offers different events to keep current on the latest features in all Autodesk products, Companion Products and new technologies in the CAD / BIM and Media & Entertainment Industry.
Autodesk Authorized Training Center
Accelerate your Autodesk® training by reaching our DDSCAD Autodesk Authorized Training Center (ATC). Digital Drafting Systems offer a variety of courses. See Calendar and Courses
We're driven by our customers and committed to your success. At Digital Drafting Systems we're all about making you and your team faster, smarter and better.
BIM (Building Information Modeling) Services >
DDSCAD BIM Services help building and infrastructure design professionals, engineers, contractors, and owners.
Digital Drafting Systems (DDSCAD) has been servicing the AEC community in South Florida since1988 providing reliable CADD Solutions and excellent customer service. The company is a top Value Added Autodesk Reseller in South Florida and offers a comprehensive line of Design Software applications for the Building, Infrastructure, Facilities, and Visualization Industries. DDS is a leader in Building Information Modeling implementation with Autodesk's flagship product Revit Building, and its related family of products. Some of the services we provide are: software needs analysis, training, implementation, deployment and customization.
Subscriptions Information
and Videos
Renewal Quote
Choose the right Subscription for you:
Maintenance Plan
Add Maintenance Plan to your one-time license and get software updates, access to older version files, flexible licensing, support, and more.
Low up-front cost, access to the latest updates and prior versions of Subscription software, 1-on-1 web support, flexible licensing, and more.
Cloud Service Subscription
Work beyond desktop and mobile devices in a centralized work space for better collaboration. Use the computing power of the cloud to develop files and free up desktops.
The tools you need, now with more ways to subscribe
Choose what works best for your budget, your people, and your projects. Get the latest Autodesk software, technology products, and access to support.
Autodesk Subscription Administrator's Guide
© 1987-2014 All Rights Reserved | Digital Drafting Systems | Web Design by Manny Gutierrez 954.245.7223
Digital Drafting Systems, Inc.
5765 N.W.158th Street, Miami Lakes, FL 33014 | Tel. 305.445.6480 Fax 305.445.6526 email@example.com


text:
Very dirty room, in my case even without the window, hairs in the bathroom, top expensive parking, not competent staff. Only one + for good location. I travel a lot and don't recommend this hotel... or maybe only to my enemies.
Getting you more information on this room
Getting you more information on this room
"If you are looking for a decent hotel, keep looking. This one is not worth your money. Airbnb is a better..."
"Don't open windows for ventilation as the traffic noise and pollution is worse"


text:
HRBI 150 - Boiler Insight HR Standard Reports
Participants will review and run a variety of HR-related standard reports, providing opportunity to understand the purpose behind the report, and the benefits of using prompts in order to look at specific data.
- COG 100 - Navigating Cognos Connection Portal training is required as a prerequisite for this course.
HRBI 190 - Boiler Insight HR Data Training
This training introduces the Employee Appointment, Employee Action, Employee Leave, Employee Quotas, Payroll Charge and Compensation Stars.
- HRBI 150 - Boiler Insight HR Standard Reports
- COG 100 - Navigating Cognos Connection Portal
- COG 300 - Query Studio
- Dimensional Modeling 101 online courses Please be sure to view before attending the first section.
- Data Handling Certification Please be sure to complete the Data Handling certification before attending the first section.
The primary source of the HR Data Mart is SAP. Understanding SAP and information regarding HR related transactions is beneficial. Business and central office staff that utilize SAP are recommended to attend the following sessions:


text:
Meet Your Fellow Blues Fans
View Single Post
Registered User
Join Date: Sep 2010
Posts: 462
vCash: 500
Name: Ken
Age: 30
Sex: M
Birthplace: Houston, TX
Hometown: O'Fallon, MO
Current Location: Saint Peters, MO
Mode of Transportation: '06 Cadillac CTS-V. '02 Camaro SS
Job: Driver
How and when you became a Blues fan: Grew up watching on TV whenever I could
Favorite current Blues player: Oshie
Favorite all-time Blues player: MacInnis
Favorite active non-Blues player: Steven Stamkos
Favorite all-time non-Blues player: Pavel Bure
Definitive Blues Moment: '94 Playoffs seeing the Blues play Vancouver at the Kiel Center. Favorite team VS Favorite player? Sign me up.
First Blues Game Attended: The above mentioned playoff game
College Attended/Attending:
Music You Listen To: Hard rock, industrial, electronica
Favorite Band(s): Nine Inch Nails, Deftones, Pantera, Avenged Sevenfold, Fear Factory, Benny Benassi, Daft Punk, Deadmau5
Favorite Movie(s): Ocean's 11, Training Day, American History X
Favorite Food: Pizza
Favorite TV Show(s): The Shield, SOA, Breaking Bad, Mad Men
View Public Profile
DoubleK81's albums
Find More Posts by DoubleK81


text:
New Guide for Research and Innovation Grants
05 April 2011
We have now published an updated version of our Grants for Research and Innovation: Guide for applicants.
The Guide is for applicants to our four research and innovation programmes:
It sets out the types of project that we will consider funding in each of these areas and provides comprehensive guidance to the two-stage application process.
If you are considering applying for a reseach and innovation grant, the first thing to do is to read the Guide. It is available to download from the how to apply page.
This Guide only applies to the four programmes listed above. Our capacity building programmes have different guidelines, which can be found under the the relevant section of the Apply for funding page of this website.


text:
Corporate Wildlife Warriors
If your business would like to be involved in the protection of our precious wildlife and habitat for future generations, then please join us and become a Corporate Wildlife Warrior!
Australia Zoo Wildlife Warriors seeks sponsors and partners who can bring value to our organization, generally in the form of financial or in-kind resources. We look for companies with objectives that align with the mission of Wildlife Warriors and that can help us implement our local, national and international conservation programs, including the Australia Zoo Wildlife Hospital. To facilitate these partnerships, we offer a full calendar of events and opportunities for consideration. We are also willing to tailor these opportunities in new ways that meet our mutual objectives and priorities.
The benefits of being associated with Australia Zoo Wildlife Warriors will be negotiated on a one-on-one basis to ensure that the corporate package is tailored to maximise the benefits for both organisations.
A sample of some of the benefits of sponsorship include (but are not limited to):
- A personalised plaque on your area of sponsorship.
- Recognition of partnership through our website and social media channels.
- Subscription to our donor e-newsletter 'Warrior Times'.
- Access to 'Patient of the Week' stories and profiles (great for staff meetings).
- Complimentary hires of the hospital conference centre (excluding food).
- Behind-the-scenes tours of the Australia Zoo Wildlife Hospital.
- Invitations to the prestigious Steve Irwin Day Gala Dinner and other special events.
- Knowing that you are helping to save nature's innocent victims.
- A tax deductible receipt for your generous contribution.
For more information on becoming a Corporate Wildlife Warrior, please contact us by email at firstname.lastname@example.com or phone +61 7 5436 2026.


text:
You've signed the papers on your new home, and when you began to tear out the old carpet you were pleasantly surprised to find old hardwood floors underneath. While the carpet was attached by tack strips around the outside of the room, the carpet pad beneath it is stapled into place. You'll be relieved to learn it's not too tough to remove staples from hardwood floors, and it only requires a couple of common tools to finish the job.
Things You'll Need
- Flathead screwdriver
- Pliers
- Scrap of cardboard
Place a scrap of cardboard tight against the flat head of the staple; hold into place.
Slide the edge of a flathead screwdriver under the flat head of the staple, starting from the side opposite the cardboard so the edge of the screwdriver rests on the cardboard.
Pry up gently on the staple; one or both prongs will pull up from the wood floor.
Grasp the exposed prong of the staple (if only one came up) with a pair of pliers.
Pull the staple straight up. The remaining prong will pull loose from the wood floor.
Tips & Warnings
- Place the removed staples into a small container as you remove them to avoid further damage to the wood floor.
Related Searches
You May Also Like
How to Get Candle Wax Out of Carpet
You don't have to cry over spilled wax, even when it creates a mess on your favorite carpet. Remove the unsightly mess...
How to Get Cigarette Smoke Smell Out of Wood
Whether you've inherited a handsome, wooden antique bureau or fell in love with a wood dresser at a flea market, once you...
How to Get Smells Out of Wood Floors
Although wood floors are an attractive feature in any home, it is a big problem when they smell. Unlike carpeting or rugs,...
How to Fasten Indoor-Outdoor Carpeting to Wood Steps With Staples
Indoor-outdoor carpet is made out of olefin fibers which are highly resistant to wear, fading and degradation caused by high traffic and...
How to Get Pet Stains Out of Wood Floors
Wood floors add beauty to any room of the home. If you have a pet in the home, you will likely have...
How to Get the Yellow Out of Clear Plastic Floor Mats
Clear plastic floor mats are an inexpensive choice for protecting the floor of a home or an automobile. Unfortunately, these mats can...
How to Remove Carpet Staples from Wood
If you're involved in a remodeling project where you're going to remove the carpeting from a room, be prepared for the multitude...


text:
Search Profile Post Profile Log In Membership Plan Site Map
Awarded as Best Matrimonial Site...
Call Us : +91-11-47652233
Profile Created for Self
26 years/ 5Ft. 7In. (170 cm)
Secondary School
Never Married
Student & Sports
Lives in Senegal, Bihar
Christian, Christian Keralite
Detailed profile
About MI-405611
I am a simple girl with a good personality. I reside in a beautiful city of senegal and my caste is christian keralite.
All Rights Reserved - MatrimonialsIndia.Com (2017)
Web Design by WeblinkIndia.NET


text:
For sale by palma motors- VERIFIED SELLER VERIFIED18 Jan 11:49 amAlimosho, Lagos
ARMY GREEN colour, lovely engine, winch, electric mirror, cup holders, fog light, air bags, arm rest, roof rack, sun roof, alloy wheel, tinted window, petrol engine, power steering,cd player, am/fm radio, spot light, electric windows, fabric, automatic transmission, Foreign used, xenon light, left hand drive, 4 doors, air conditioning, side steps, in good condition.
Stay safe!
Watch out for:


text:
Your browser does not support iframes.
Carrollton City Council is working to address the problem of how to retain its current police officers and how to attract new ones. In order to achieve these goals, Mayor Robb Adams and council members Mike Gordon, Kevin Craig and Jeffrey Dickow discussed at the budget work session March 21, the possibility of offering raises–either for just the police department or for all city employees. This would be in addition to the up to 4 percent across the board raise already budgeted for fiscal year 2017-2018.
A possible splash park at Point Park, new streetlights along Hwy. 227 and city hall building improvements topped Carrollton City Council's annual budget meetings with department heads March 20-21, at city hall in preparation of passing the fiscal year 2017-2018 budget. The budget will undergo a first and second reading prior to June 30, before it is finalized.
By MOLLY HAINES
Landmark News Service
Once a Rebel, always a Rebel.
The phrase expresses pride in being an alumnus of Owen County High School. That phrase resonated Friday night when Northern Kentucky University freshman and 2016 OCHS graduate Carson Williams led the NKU Norse against the University of Kentucky in the first round of the NCAA Men's Basketball Tournament.
Above ground utilities catch peoples' attention as they see them every day. Underground utilities tend to be forgotten, unless there is problem.
Detection of underground problems, such as leaks or natural breaks in pipelines, are often delayed until the symptoms reach the surface.
Perry Park resident Renee Mullins has joined the staff of The News-Democrat and The Trimble Banner as the newspapers' new circulation coordinator.
Mullins most recently worked at the Carroll County Memorial Hospital, handling accounts receivable for patients, before starting at The News-Democrat, March 6.
She has always worked in customer service and accounting, bringing those key skills and experience to the job.
The city of Ghent has taken steps to finalize several ordinances that had been voted on and passed in 2016, but never published to make them official.
The city had a turbulent year in 2016, being without a city clerk much of the time. During this period, city leaders have determined that they failed to publish the ordinances commissioners had voted to adopt, which is the final step in passing each of them.
Relive the romance and the excitement of one of Walt Disney's most cherished love stories, as the Carroll County High School drama club presents "Beauty and the Beast." Performances will be at 7 p.m. Friday, March 24, and at 2 p.m. and 7 p.m. Saturday, March 25, at the high school cafeteria. Tickets are $3 for students and $5 for adults.
Unit 1201 has signed off for the last time.
Trimble County Sheriff Tim Coons has succumbed to his battle with cancer. Following several months of treatment, including frequent trips to Chicago for specialized care, Coons, 58, reached the end of his earthly watch on Wednesday morning, March 8, 2017, while resting at his Trimble County home.
When you finish the math, there are only three dogs at the Carroll County Animal Shelter. Carroll County Animal Shelter Director Lisa Hartman reported to Carroll County Fiscal Court Tuesday that 31 dogs had been received by the shelter, with 16 transferred to rescues, five returned to their owners and seven adopted from the shelter.
Local businesses are still recovering from the wind storm that blew through Carroll County at approximately 6:30 a.m. March 1, and left substantial damage in its wake.
Mi Viejo, a Mexican restaurant located on Hwy. 227, sustained structural and water damage. The damage closed the restaurant's doors until repairs could be completed.
Copyright © 2017
The News-Democrat is your source for local news, sports, events, and information in Carroll County, KY and the surrounding area.


text:
Vendor: Cisco
Certifications: CCDP
Exam Name: Implementing Cisco IP Routing (ROUTE v2.0)
Exam Code: 300-101
Total Questions: 116 Q&As
Last Updated: Jan 28, 2016
Note: Product instant download. Please sign in and click My account to download your product.
, it 300-101 300-101 dumps can be free to leave the parent star, 300-101 test taking into 300-101 account the liaison 300-101 test between the monarch and the parent star is very Cisco 300-101 exam difficult, Alaya decided to come to 300-101 demo Earth, with their 300-101 dumps base as a signal to enhance the monarch and connection, II and III Implementing Cisco IP Routing (ROUTE v2.0) machine machine between 300-101 pdf the parent star has 300-101 dumps agreed 300-101 test to this 300-101 cert proposal, therefore, Alaya came.
itely smiled and said That, 300-101 test my friend 300-101 test Ting suspect s 300-101 test identity problem and you want to know the relationship between me and him Please forgive my 300-101 exams intrusion, 300-101 demo Ding Bai nodded slightly, but also to the obligations 300-101 exams under the host of his 300-101 pdf own, after all, 300-101 dumps although it is a party open to all, 300-101 demo Cisco 300-101 exam but this area Implementing Cisco IP Routing (ROUTE v2.0) is not anyone 300-101 exam 300-101 can come in, even Cisco 300-101 exam princ.
Experience Lionelugalde.ar exam material in PDF version.
Simply submit your e-mail address below to get started with our PDF real exam demo of your Cisco 300-101 exam.
Instant download
Latest update demo according to real exam
Why select/choose Lionelugalde.ar.com?
Millions of interested professionals can touch the destination of success in exams by Lionelugalde.ar.com. products which would be available, affordable, updated and of really best quality to overcome the difficulties of any course outlines. Questions and Answers material is updated in highly outclass manner on regular basis and material is released periodically and is available in testing centers with whom we are maintaining our relationship to get latest material.
• 6000+ Questions and Answers
• 6000+ Free demo downloads available
• 50+ Preparation Labs
• 20+ Representatives Providing 24/7 Support
Home | Guarantee & Policy | Privacy & Policy | Terms & Conditions | How to buy | FAQs | About Us | Contact Us | Demo
Any charges made through this site will appear as Global Simulators Limited. All trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
Copyright © 2004-2016 Lionelugalde.ar.com, All Rights Reserved.


text:
What is JotForm?
JotForm is a free online form builder which helps you create online forms without writing a single line of code. No sign-up required.
At JotForm, we want to make sure that you're getting the online form builder help that you need. Our friendly customer support team is available 24/7.
We believe that if one user has a question, there could be more users who may have the same question. This is why many of our support forum threads are public and available to be searched and viewed. If you'd like help immediately, feel free to search for a similar question, or submit your question or concern.
How to change Next buhttp://joxi.ru/Dfu0UxjKTJBlH1meIEgtton style?Asked by moneyhero on July 03, 2014 at 02:42 AM
Hi! How we can change Next button background color?
JotForm Support
You will need to inject custom CSS to change the background.
How to inject custom CSS codes?
To remove the background, inject the ff code:
.form-pagebreak {
background: none !important;
To change the color, use the ff code - replace the underlined color code to suit your preference:
.form-pagebreak {
background-color: #ffffff !important;
For more color codes, http://html-color-codes.com/
Here's another article for customizing your form via CSS code injection:
Hope this helps.


text:
Announcement Here you will find unique and original stained glass creations to fill your garden with delights, bring some sparkle to your home, or send a very special gift.
Here you will find unique and original stained glass creations to fill your garden with delights, bring some sparkle to your home, or send a very special gift.
Little bits of beauty, created one at a time.
Art has been in my life forever and once I tried stained glass, I was hooked. My goal is to do something creative each and every day.
New ideas pop into my head all the time. Sketches and notes, more sketches, more notes, losing sleep designing, and then I'm ready to get down to the construction phase. Cutting, foiling, soldering, washing and polishing and finally photographing are all my jobs.
I love doing what I do here and hope these pieces bring much joy to you.
Shop members
Owner, Designer, Creator
Shop policies
Payment options
- Accepts Etsy Gift Cards and Etsy Credits
Returns & exchanges
- Custom or personalized orders
Privacy policy
- To communicate with you about your order
- To fulfill your order
More information
Frequently asked questions
What do I do if my order arrives broken?
Despite carefully packaging your order, damage could occur during shipping. If this happens, please contact me as soon as you discover the breakage. Snap a photo of the damage and send it along to me. I will make you a replacement and send it on it's way, including a return shipping label for the damaged piece.
Wholesale availability
Bello Glass loves our Wholesale customers! Please contact me for pricing and minimum order requirements.
Will Bello Glass ship internationally?
Sure! Simply contact me with your country postal code and I'll calculate your shipping charges.


text:
The Case for Christmas
A lawyer finds himself defending Santa Claus in the biggest trial in history.
This is The Case for Christmas and you are watching MovieZion
Please wait for 3 seconds, we are loading The Case for Christmas stream.
Please enter captcha to continue to video.
If the above stream is offline (saying We are sorry!),
please click on the "Refresh Link" to get a new streaming link. Don't worry it'll just take a second.


text:
Clydesdale Harriers runners had a busy couple of days last week with athletes competing in three separate races.
The first was the Glasgow University Hares and Hounds 5 Miler which took place on a two lap hilly course in and around the Garscube Estate.
Fastest harrier was Michael Diver (29.26), followed by Hugh Laverty (34.41), Bobby Young (34.50), Marina McCallum (36.05), Peter Rudzinski (38.46), and Chris Ryan (41.52).
Slightly further afield, out on the east coast, was the Fox Trail Winter Running Series 13k near Dunbar. Martin King and Fiona McCue made the journey over to compete. Martin finished in 60 mins and Fiona finished in 68 mins over the off-road course.
Lastly even further afield two harriers travelled to run in the San Sebastian Half Marathon. Paul Carroll had an excellent run to finish in 1.18.20, followed by Brian Gallagher (1.28.04).
Information on the club can be found on the website www.clydesdaleharriers.co.uk


text:
€ 95.00
non E.U. price € 78.51
ex. import TAX & clearance costs
Militairy inspired watchstrap with single-prong closure and antiqued hardware. These RRL watchstrap's are an cool addition to your timepiece collection.
These leather watchstraps will age beautifully with time
RRL watchstrap's exclusively available at Frans Boone Store
100% Leather
One size fits all 20mm Lugs
€ 95.04
Every Year RRL offers us an great variety of printed T-shirts, their prints come from their archives that are packed with old military prints ... View full product details
€ 74.38
Again an cool cotton bandans that matches the workwear blue and indigo goods we offer. 100% cotton. Made in Japan from true indigo 20"x 20"... View full product details
€ 185.95
Amazing soft hand sweatpants, cooler and more exclusive you will not get it, a one time run, in a soft sweat to make life more... View full product details
€ 74.38
A cotton bandans that matches perfect the workwear blue and idigo goods we offer. 100% cotton. Made in Japan 22"x 22" 55cm x 55cm View full product details


text:
Cottage in Birmingham
Listed cottage in Birmingham with approx. 340 m2 usable floor space.
Redeveloped in 2009 to include a 26 kW gas condensing boiler, additional heating provided by 6 m2 evacuated tube collectors and a stratified storage tank Oskar 06/1.5 750 litres. Energy consumption per annum amounts to approx. 74,000 kW/a.
The building had an old-fashioned heat generator with hot water boiler. The main problem for the owners was the hot water requirement. Installing the Oskar stratified storage tank with a compact domestic water station, providing up to 40 litres/minute, resolved this problem. The station was set to a min. 25 litres/minute at a temperature of 48 °C.
For an online diagram follow


text:
Find a copy in the library
Finding libraries that hold this item...
|Named Person:
|Benjamin Britten; Peter Pears; Benjamin Britten; Peter Pears; Benjamin Britten; Peter Pears
|Document Type:
|All Authors / Contributors:
Judith LeGrove; Colin Matthews; Britten-Pears Foundation.
|9780955834363 0955834368
|OCLC Number:
|"The book is typeset in Breughel by Charles Hall, printed on Stow book-white paper by Northend Creative Print Solutions and bound by Ludlow Bookbinders. There will be 650 Standard copies, 48 Specials with a folder containing 2 etchings and a booklet." -- Colophon.
|163, [5] p. : col. ill. ; 32 cm.
|Britten and Pears : a musical eye? / Judith LeGrove --
Evolution of a collection / Judith LeGrove --
'Art as part of one's life...' / Caroline Harding --
Printed traces / Judith LeGrove --
Britten and Bloomsbury / Paul Kildea --
Britten, Sidney Nolan and Patrick White / T. G. Rosenthal --
Britten and Mary Potter / Julian Potter --
Britten and film / David Crilly --
Visualising the operas / Jane Pritchard --
Festival exhibitions, 1948-1976 / Judith LeGrove --
Britten, Pears and their architects / Alan Powers --
Checklist / Judith LeGrove.
|edited by Judith Legrove ; with an introduction by Colin Matthews ...
User-contributed reviews