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These are those huge chunks of narrative Aristotle uncovered way back when. Though he said there were only three--beginning, middle, and end--when in reality the structure of the story dictates the number of Acts in a work. Two Acts. Three Acts. Four Acts. It all depends on other dynamic factors and could be different across different
Throughlines. Thankfully, Dramatica figures it all out for us so we can concentrate on writing the story our heart tells us to write.
The Antagonist
This is the character who works to
Preventthe Protagonist from winning. Couple this motivation with a penchant for getting people to
Reconsiderand you have the workings of a classic Antagonist. Give them the
Influence Characterrole and suddenly you have the makings of a classic
Villain(think the Joker in The Dark Knight). And no, James Bond is NOT the Antagonist no matter what someone tells you, it just doesn't play out.
Everyone thinks Archetypes represent some sort of aspect of the Hero's Journey. The Protagonist, the Sword-Weilder, the Doorstop, and the Gateway Guardian. They don't. Archetypes function as analagoies to forces and drives within our own minds. The Protagonist represents our tendency towards Initiating action. The Antagonist represents Reticence within the mind. Once you see characters as parts of a
Story Mindthese other names seem silly and made-up.
Audience Appreciations
"Everything before the
Forestory--or what most people just call the story. This is where
Justificationsare built and
Problemsbegin. If you want to know why a character is motivated to do what they do, you'll find the answer in here. There is nothing wrong with Backstory--in fact, you kinda need it. But you need a sophisticated way to present it without someone standing there explaining it all.
Changed Influence Character
In any awesome story, one of the principal characters will do a complete 180 on what they believe while the other principal will stand their ground. If the Main Character flips their perspective, the Influence Character will remain steadfast. If the Influence Character flips--or has their perspective Changed, then the Main Character will remain steadfast. This concept explores the latter situation wherein the Influence Character adopts the Main Character's point-of-view.
Changed Main Character
In any awesome story, one of the principal characters will do a complete 180 on what they believe while the other principal will stand their ground. If the Main Character flips their perspective, the Influence Character will remain steadfast. If the Influence Character flips--or has their perspective Changed, then the Main Character will remain steadfast. This concept explores the former situation wherein the Main Character adopts the Influence Character's point-of-view.
In Dramatica, Character can be found at the Element level. This is where you will find the Motivations, Methodolgies, Evaluations, and Purposes of the Story Mind. Some characters act as objectified versions of forces and influences while others act as subjective points-of-view held within the mind. Once you stop seeing them as "real" people and start seeing them as individual parts of one whole, you will start to understand how to write better characters.
Character Arc
This is how a character changes over the course of a story, right? Not quite. That is part of it, but Dramatica looks deeper into that change and explains in detail all the components that make up that "change". First you have your
Resolvewhich tells whether or not they grow into their point-of-view or grow out of their point-of-view. And then you have their
Growthwhich explains if they grow by dropping an unwanted characteristic or by grabbing a new one. Combine the two together and you have what most people commonly refer to as Character Arc.
Character Elements
You know the characters in your story, but do you know what they are actually made up of? Who is driven by Faith. By Temptation. By Support or Pursuit or Avoid or driven to Hinder? Who is Proactive? Reactive? Inactive? Who Trusts? Tests? Tries to Prove their point or Expects the worst from others? Who seeks out how things Actually are and who would rather examine their own Perceptions or look for greater Knowledge or Chaos? Do you have any characters who share the same elements? Then you will probably want to change that, otherwise they will come across as redundant and ineffective.
Closing Event
You have likely heard of the Inciting Incident of a story, but have you ever considered the Closing Event? Dramatica really doesn't even refer to the beginning and end of a story in this sort of subjective viewpoint. Instead it looks to the
Story Driversto see what forces begin the inequity of a story, and what bring them to some kind of resolution. You need to know both ends of your story in order for it all to make sense.
Complete Stories
Want to write a story that everyone will love? Want to make sure you don't have any story holes? Then you are going to have to learn how to write a complete story. In Dramatica this is easily done by making sure you cover all the
Four Throughlinesneeded to make a complete argument. Main Character, Influence Character, Relationship Story, and Overall Story. Cover all those bases and you will have a complete and fulfilling story.
Complex Characters
Everyone wants a fully fleshed-out set of complex characters, don't they? Not necessarily. Some would rather spend their time on settings and entertaining action sequences and for them, we have
Archetypal Characters. But for everyone else we have Complex Characters. Take what is the expected set of character elements that work together for a certain aspect within the Story Mind and mix them up. That's a Complex Character.
Concernof a Throughline can often be seen as the Goal of that Throughline. In fact, if you look closely enough you will see that the
Overall Story Goaland the
Overall Story Concernare always one and the same in every storyform. This is because the Concern sits at the
Typelevel of the Dramatica Table of Story Elements, the place where you find the Signposts (or
Acts) of each Throughline. Type appreciations are the closest thing you will find to "plot" appreciations within Dramatica.
Conflict does not exist without context. One man's problem looks like another man's solution; it all depends on how you look at it. Dramatica is a context machine. By setting the individual Throughlines to the various Domains, an Author determines the context for conflict within each Throughline. Don't kid yourself: if you don't know the context, you don't have conflict. And if you don't have conflict, you don't have a story.
You might see this character pop up from time to time in Dramatica. An
Archetypal Charactermade up of equal parts Temptation and Hinder, the Contagonist screws things up for both the bad guys and good guys alike in a story. Dramatica coined this phrase to describe the character of Darth Vader in the original Star Wars as he clearly didn't operate as the
You really could swap the definitions for Context with
Conflictas they both mean the same thing in the world of story. Conflict does not exist without context. One man's problem looks like another man's solution; it all depends on how you look at it. Setting the context determines why something is even seen as a problem in the first place.
Crucial Element
Sounds pretty important, right? Turns out the Crucial Element isn't as crucial to the formation of a story as you would think. It simply marks the element that exists at the intersection of the
Overall Story Throughlineand
Main Character Throughline. Crucial to the
storyform, but not crucial to implementation of that storyform. In other words, don't freak out if you don't get it.
This is the general area where you will find a problem for a particular Throughline. Our minds classify problems into four different areas: Situations, Fixed Attitudes, Activities, and Manners of Thinking. By lining up the
Four Throughlineswith each of these Domains, an Author sets the stage for conflict within their story.
The world's most advanced understanding of narrative--the Dramatica theory of story rests on one simple idea: that a functioning narrative acts as a model of a single human mind trying to solve a problem. Have a story hole or an unmotivated character? That's because your story doesn't reflect the kind of thinking process that goes on within the human mind. Get to know Dramatica and get to know the psychology of your story.
The smallest bit of story we can see without losing sight of the bigger picture. The Element level of the Dramatica Table of Story Elements is where you will find the Problem, Solution, Symptom, and Response of a Throughline. These Elements are the closest thing you will find to "character" in Dramatica as they deal with forces directly at play within the individual players of a story.
This is by far the smallest amount of resolution one can reach before looping back towards the top of the Dramatica model of story. The model is recursive, which means the bottom looks like the top and here, the Events consist of Situations, Fixed Attitudes, Activities and Manners of Thinking. In a perfectly structured story a Scene consists of four Events--one in each of these Classes. Life is full of chaos, and so should a story if it is to be embraced as expressing the a familiar experience to an Audience.
Four Throughlines
Great stories--and we mean the really great ones--share one thing in common: they cover all four Throughlines. That means they have a
Main Character Throughline, an
Influence Character Throughline, a
Relationship Story Throughlinebetween the two of them, and an
Overall Story Throughlinethat covers everyone in the story--even the Main and Influence Characters. Put all four of these in a story and you will be lightyears ahead of anyone else (Except, of course, those who already have).
Dramatica's idea of
Genreis not your idea of Genre. No Romantic Comedies. Or Westerns. Or Dramas. Or Science Fiction Action/Adventures. No, Dramatica's idea of Genre is more about the personality of a narrative, rather than the particulars of the storytelling. The arrangement of Throughlines will create a different kind of story depending on what
Domainthey fall into.
Introduced to the world with the release of Dramatica Story Expert, Gists make life way easier when it comes to working with the theory. Before you might have terms like Conceptualizing or Reduction or Induction to deal with in your story. Now you have Scheming to Steal the Money or Keeping One's Backpack Light or Inferring Something about Someone. Bridging the gap between structure and storytelling, Gists bring Authors closer to their material.
Guardianis an
Archetypal Characterthat represents the drive for Prudence within the Story Mind. One part Conscience and one part Help, this character often acts as a counsel to the
Protagonistof a story.
Probably the worst concept ever to hit the world of narrative, the idea of the Hero wrecks any meaningful discussion of story. Tied to his equally lame "Hero's Journey", this character is supposed to be the most important. But that is an entirely subjective determination. Dramatica's interpretation of a Hero is simple: the character who represents the personal point-of-view of the Main Character and serves the Protagonist function in the Overall Story. You don't have to make them both the same character. But when you do, a Hero is born.
The Hero's Journey
5,892 steps for the Hero's Journey? Really?? How can anyone in their right mind think that is anywhere near helpful for Authors. It might be interesting from a cultural standpoint, but to suggest that it helps Authors craft meaningful stories is misleading. The Hero's Journey suggests that every great story is about a Hero who loses his state of perfection, moves to the city to get a sword, and returns home with the elixir. It is a weak attempt to attach story-like symbology to the problem-solving process of the mind that is really at work within a story. The Hero's Journey, like the cultures it reflects, is a thing of the past.
Inciting Incident
Another nightmare concept of narrative that should go the way of the Dodo, the Inciting Incident is supposed to indicate the start of a story. The tens upon thousands of subjective interpretations of where that start lies require true narratists to ban the concept from their vocabulary. Better to understand Dramatica's concept of the
Story Driverand how that works in concert with the inequity that exists at the center of every story.
Anytime we sense a difference between us and something else, we are sensing an inequity. Super smart philosophy majors might call this gestalt, but as far as Dramatica is concerned an inequity--or imbalance seen between two things--is the fuel for narrative conflict. Once identified, our minds have to either work to solve that inequity or find an opportunity to balance it away in a process known as
Influence Character
Influence Character Critical Flaw
While the Influence Character applies considerable pressure on the Main Character to change his or her approach to solving problems, there is one special quality that undermines this influence. The Influence Character's Critical Flaw is the kind of thing that, when applied, weakens the impact and makes it easier for the Main Character to avoid their personal problems.
Influence Character Resolve
In order for a story to work, the Influence Character's Resolve must be the inverse of the Main Character's Resolve. If the Main Character's Resolve is
Changedthen the Influence Character's Resolve is
Steadfast. If the MC Resolve is
Steadfastthen the IC Resolve is
Changed. You cannot write a story where both paradigms shift and hope to have it mean anything. The Audience keys in on this dynamic to make sense of the story you told them.
Influence Character Signpost
Every Main Character sulks around in the shadows of their own psychology. It is only once the Influence Character arrives and starts poking around at their psyche, that the Main Character finally feels enough motivation to grow and develop into something new. These pokes find themselves labeled the
Influence Character Signpostswithin the Dramatica theory of story. They work act-by-act to push or pull the Main Character into moving into their next stage of development.
Influence Character Symptom
Direct or indirect, the Influence Character's focus on their
Symptomcreates a stirring within the Main Character. That stirring is often enough to help motivate the Main Character to re-examine his or her own preconceptions and perhaps grow in their resolve or eventually grow out of their resolve.
Influence Character Throughline
The Influence Character Throughline is that part of a story that expresses the point-of-view needed to force the Main Character to deal with all their stuff. Separated into four acts (like every other Throughline), the IC Throughline won't stop until the MC sits face-to-face with their own personal blind spot.
Influence Character Unique Ability
This story point represents the Influence Character's unique ability to force the Main Character to change his or her paradigm. In much the same way that the
Main Character Unique Abilityreflects the quality that allows him or her to effect a resolution in the
Overall Story Throughline, the Influence Character Unique Ability reflects the quality that allows the IC to effect a resolution in the Main Character's Throughline. The Unique Abilities tie the individual Throughlines to one another; the IC Unique Ability ties the Influence Character to the Main Character.
Closest to Theme in the Dramatica Table of Story Elements, the Issue acts a touchpoint for conflict within a particular Throughline. Situated between the Plot-like Concern appreciation and the Character-like Problem appreciation, the Issue works in tandem with the Counterpoint to offer Author's commentary on the efforts to resolve the Throughline's inequity. To be honest though, the Issue is simply another way to say "problem" in Dramatica.
Justification is Dramatica's sophisticated way of explaining how characters manage to hide problems away deep inside their psyche. Rather than
Problem-Solve, a character who justifies buries the inequity deep within the recesses of their mind...only to have it resurface through the prodding and poking of an
Influence Character.
Main Character
The most important part of a complete and effective narrative, the
Main Charactergives the Audience a way into the story. Leave this perspective out and you will find yourself faced with a cold and lifeless narrative. Embue them with personal baggage that they would take into any story and the Audience will latch onto them.
Main Character Approach
Main Characters have a preference for either trying to solve problems by changing the world around them, or by changing themselves first. If they try to change the world, Dramatica sees them as a
Do-er. If they prefer to change themselves first, then we label them a
Be-er. Cool fun fact: whatever Approach you choose for the Main Character, the Influence Character will have the opposite one. Boom!
Main Character Concern
Main Character Concerncan sometimes act as an indicator of the Main Character's personal Goal--but it doesn't have to be. Because we find the
Concernon the Type level along with all the other Plot elements, it can sometimes feel like it is a Goal. Really, Concern is just a bigger way of saying
Main Character Growth
Two parts to a Main Character's arc: the
MC Resolveand the
MC Growth. This is the second part, the part that has more to do with the process of arcing from where they are at the beginning of a story to where they are at the end. Main Characters will grow by either dropping an element or gaining a new one. If they drop, they are a
Stopcharacter; if they gain, then they are a
Main Character Problem
Every character is driven by something. That something is an inequity--a separateness between things--and is inidicated in the narrative by this story point. If the Main Character ends up changing their
Resolveand adopting the Influence Character's paradigm then the
Solutionto this
Problemwill be the thing they move towards. If instead they stay true to their paradigm and steadfast in their
Resolve, then this
Problemwill actually seem more like source of drive and will be an exceelent way to describe the
Main Character.
Main Character Problem-Solving Style
Not enough that we have to determine whether or not the Main Character prefers to solve problems externally or internally through the
Main Character Approach, we also have to figure out whether or not the Main Character solves problems linearly like most men, or holistically like most women. Usually this is as simple as selecting the one that most resembles how you yourself solve problems, but you can switch it up to make things more interesting. Setting this does all kinds of things in terms of determining the Act order of different Throughlines.
Main Character Resolve
Every Main Character comes to a story with some kind of baggage, some kind of personal problem that gives them grief. Encountering the
Influence Characterthey grow to a point where they have to decide if they were always on the right path and the Influence Character is wrong--or if the IC is right and they need to change their approach. If they decide the latter and shift their paradigm, then their Resolve is said to be
Changed. If instead they maintain their paradigm, then their Resolve is said to be
Main Character Response
This story point works hand-in-hand with the
Main Character Symptom. Whatever the MC thinks their problem is, their Response is what they try and do about it. It is like treating the symptoms of a disease rather than attacking the disease directly--only this disease exists in the mind of the Main Character.
Main Character Solution
This story point demotivates the Main Character by resolving his or her
Main Character Problem. Usually only encountered towards the end of a Changed Main Character's journey, the Solution can show up from time-to-time in a Steadfast Main Character's journey. When this happens it only temporarily lessens the motivation or drive of the Main Character. Eventually the Problem kicks back in and motivation resumes.
Main Character Symptom
All Main Characters have a
Problem. This Problem motivates them and drives them to do all kinds of different things that create problems for themselves. But they don't do anything about this Problem, because they don't see it--they are too busy focusing their attention on the
Symptomof the problem instead. It is only towards the end of a narrative that they can finally see the difference between the two. At that point they will make the decision to continue treating the symptoms, or attack the problem directly.
Main Character Throughline
The Main Character is that part of a story that reveals an intimate personal look at problem-solving. Covering the personal baggage that exists within the Main Character and the Main Character alone, this Throughline gives an Audience the opportunity to experience act-by-act, the process by which one goes about resolving their personal differences.
Main Character Unique Ability
This story point reflects that unique quality of character that makes it possible for the Main Character to resolve any of the issues within the
Overall Story Throughline. Whether an intergral part or attributed to, this Unique Ability ties the Main Charater into the Overall Story and answers the question why he or she needs to be in the story at all.
Mental Sex
This is what the
Main Character Problem-Solving Styleused to be called back when Dramatica was first discovered. A
Malesetting indcated
Linear, a
Femalesetting indicated
Holistic. The story point still functions the same--it sets the order of Signposts and other niceties--but it comes in a more easily digestable package now.
This is a fancy way of saying how characters do the things they do. One of the four parts of a full developed character (along with
Evaluations, and
Purposes), the Methodology elements of the Overall Story Characters cover things like Proaction, Reaction, Acceptance and Non-Acceptance.
Why, oh why won't this go away? Once you understand Dramatica and its concept of the Story Mind, you see the Monomyth and its cousin The Hero's Journey as a failed attempt to codify the problem-solving process of the human mind. They attach words like Swords and Elixirs and Gateway Guardians because that is what they have seen repeated time and time again in stories. Understanding why they keep reappearing in different cultures requires looking to psychology and Dramatica.
The easiest and first thing anyone learns when they first arrive at Dramatica, the Motivations of the Overall Story Characters indicate what drives them to do the things they do. Motivations like Pursuit and Avoid and Conscience and Temptation tell an Audience what they can expect from that character. The Motivations work in concert with three other aspects of character--
Evaluations, and
Purposesto help round out the characters in a story.
Objective Characters
Who wants to write an objective character? Characters are fun and lively and emotive and interesting--why stifle them with objectivity? The answer is: characters function as parts of a larger whole, as a part of the
Story Mind. Sure, you have
Subjective Charactersin the Main and Influence Character, but the objective
Overall Story Throughlinedemands objecctive characters. Here, characters are seen less as people, and more as functions within the narrative.
Overall Story Concern
Once the
Overall Story Problemkicks in and the story begins, the characters in the story will start to become concerned with the
Overall Story Concern. Every Throughline exists to offer an opportunity for an Audience to see the
Problemof that Throughline in varying degrees of magnification. The
Overall Story Concernis a very broad take on the story's
Problemand the conflict that arises from it. This Concern will receive so much attention that the
Overall Story Goalwill be of the same
Typeas the
Overall Story Concern.
Overall Story Goal
Overall Story Issue
Overall Story Throughlineexplores the efforts to resolve the story's problem at varying degrees of magnification. At the
Themelevel of the Dramatica Table of Story Elements, the Problem appears as a thematic
Issuethat measures the relative value of the efforts to resolve that very same Problem. Every Issue comes complete with a matching
Counterpointin order to measure both sides of the argument.
Overall Story Problem
This is it. The whole reason why all the characters in a story come into conflict with another. The
Overall Story Problembegins with the initial
Story Driverand continues until someone resolves it with the
Overall Story Solution. Discover this Problem and your story will never falter for a lack of drive. Overall Story points are boring to describe because they're objective and devoid of emotion. That's a good thing--no place for feelings in objectivity.
Overall Story Solution
Protagonistworks for the
Overall Story Solutionin an effort to resolve the problems created by the
Overall Story Problem. Once in place, the story can end with a
Story Outcomeof
Success. Fail to reach it, and the story ends with a
Story Outcomeof
Failure. Overall Story points are lifeless and logical--as they should be. They showcase the objective elements of a narrative. Feeling has no place in objectivity.
Overall Story Throughline
When you step outside of a story and look at all the characters as "Them", you are looking at the
Overall Story Throughline. From here the characters look more like functions rather than actual people.
Skeptic. Their roles within the story take center stage from this perspective. When you think of a story, you're thinking of the
Overall Story Throughline.
Personal Tragedy
The good guys lose and the
Main Charactergoes home happy. That is the basic definition of a
Personal Tragedystory. Mix a
Story Outcomeof
Failurewith a
Story Judgmentof
Goodand you get this bittersweet ending that falls more towards the sweeter side of things.
Personal Triumph
You know that feeling when you finally succeed at something, but you still feel miserable about yourself? That's a
Personal Triumphstory. The good guys win, but the
Main Charactergoes home sad and angst-ridden. Mix a
Story Outcomeof
Successwith a
Story Judgmentof
Badand you get this bittersweet ending that falls more towards the bitter side of things.
Is there a difference between
Plot-oriented stories and
Character-driven stories? No, that's a silly idea. Both Plot and Character work together in unison to help support and develop the story's central argument. Plot Dynamics like the
Story Driver, the
Story Limit, the
Story Outcome, and the
Story Judgmenthelp set the stage for the events to come.
Plot Points
Plot Pointin Dramatica is essentially one of the
Story Driversthat helps turn the story from one
Actto the next. You need one to start the story and one to end the story. One to break it up in the middle and one in each of the halves to break the story down into four movements, four
Acts. You can have more, but you need to have at least these five to define the edges of the story for your Audience.
Plot Progression
How does a Throughline develop from one
Actto the next? By progression through the four
Signpoststhat define the context of the conflict of that Throughline. Once a story explores all four Signposts, the Audience will know the location of the story problem and how best to solve it.
Plot Sequence
Dramatica features a crazy advanced report that actually shows an Author what the structure of the story looks like to the characters. That is insane. It is one thing to present an objective view of story dynamics and how they all work together, but then to also show what the narrative looks like subjectively is almost too much to handle. Stay away from this report unless you want to cheat.
The dramatic circuit of narrative consists of four components: Potential, Resistance, Current, and Outcome (or Power). Outcome sits in for Power to avoid doubling up the use of 'P' in the anachronym. While not a strict translation of an electric circuit, the analogy exists as a means of communicating the spatial relationship between these components. Combine them together and you create a unit of narrative.
Each Throughline exists to provide an Audience an alternative way of looking at the story's central problem. While this problem can be seen at varying degrees of magnification, the absolute smallest finest resolution at which we can determine this problem is the
Problemof that Throughline. Every
Problemfeatures its own
Solutionand a key towards the efforts of the characters in that story to resolve that problem.
Problem-Solving is what we do when we aren't involved in
Justification--that is, when we're trying to actually resolve the differences in our lives, rather than trying to hide from them. Interesting fun fact: a linear-thinker's approach to problem-solving is seen as justification from a holistic-thinker's point-of-view and vice versa. If that doesn't make sense, substitute "man" for linear and "woman" for holistic and you'll see why we can so easily see into each other's blind spots.
Problem-Solving Style
When Dramatica first came out,
Problem-Solving Stylewas called
Mental Sex--the idea being that men and women solved problems differently. Males approach problems from a
Linearpoint-of-view, while females approach things from a
Holisticperspective. Since then, the theory adjusted the Story Point to the less controversial
Problem-Solving Stylewhile maintaining the core concept of the idea. Setting this Story Point dictates the order of
Signpostswithin a Throughline.
No, this isn't who the story is about. It's also not the person we care the most about. And it certainly isn't interchangeable with
Main Characteror
Hero. In Dramatica the
Protagonistis very clearly defined: that objective character that both Pursues and Considers the
Story Goal. Now, sometimes this character can also be the Main Character (in which case he or she is considered a
Hero), but it doesn't always have to be that way.
Quad Theory
Everything in Dramatica is based on the quad. Work long enough with the theory and you will begin to notice that everything is broken down into 4s. Four
Throughlines, four
Signposts, four Character Dynamics, four Plot Dynamics, four
Domains, and so on and so fourth (!). This is because this is how our minds differentiate the external and internal worlds. Know the quad and you will know Dramatica.
Relationship Story Issue
Elsewhere you will read that this Story Point represents the philosophical argument between Main and Influence Character. Wrong. The
Relationship Story Issueof a story is less concerned with an argument between the
Main Characterand
Influence Characterand more concerned with the issue that exists in the relationship between these two. If their Issue is Commitment, it doesn't mean they will be arguing about Commitment; it means their relationship will have Commitment issues.
Relationship Story Problem
Less the source of a problem between them and more a motivator towards engaging in the relationship, the
Relationship Story Problembrings Main and Influence Character together. Whether or growing or dissolving relationship, this
Problemcontinues to motivate interaction until the story ends or until their relationship resolves with the
Relationship Story Solution.
Relationship Story Throughline
The heart of every story. Without this Throughline, a story feels emotionless and concerned more with satisfaction than any real fulfillment. Covering the relationship between the
Main Characterand the
Influence Character, the
Relationship Story Throughlineis where true emotion happens and where we as an Audience can visit the conflict and attempts to resolve that conflict that exist in the space between us. Once erroneously referred to as the "Main vs. Impact" Throughline, this part of the story is all about the conflict that arises in our relationships with others.
In every
Throughlinethere is a
Problemthat motivates everything. However, the
Problemis obscured because the attention is focused on the
Symptomof that Problem, not the Problem itself. In an effort to alleviate perceived conflict arising from the
Symptom, the
Responseis taken.
These are the smallest chunks of narrative people usually think of when writing a story. Technically, a smaller resolution exists--the
Eventswithin a scene--but for most writers, the Scene is enough. In a theoretically perfect structure, four Scenes exist within a Sequence. But the world is not perfect, and neither should a story. Understanding the purpose behind a Scene within the greater argument makes it easier to decide which Scenes to leave in, and which ones to blend into others.
Sequence Method
Short Stories
Structure is structure regardless of medium, and regardless of size. A short story functions the same way as a "tall" story, only there isn't enough time to explore everything. Take any quad in the Dramatica Table of Story Elements and you have yourself a story. Audiences want to see the entirety of a quad explored.
Throughline, four Acts per storyline. Acts, or
Signpostsas Dramatica calls them, exist to offer an Audience that chance to see how conflict could possible be resolved within different contexts. Each
Throughlinebreaks down into four different ways to resolve the problems in that storyline. Once all four ways have been explored, the story is over, and the Audience can determine what it was the story was trying to say.
The Debbie-downer of the group, the
Skepticrepresents both the motivation to Oppose everything and to proclaim Disbelief towards any action taken towards the contrary. An
Archetypal Characterfound often in films that play down the importance of characters, the
Skepticis always there to chime in with "Game over, man!"
In every
Throughlinethere exists a
Problem. The
Solutionresolves that problem and restores equity. Unfortunately, there is a certain amount of unawareness to the 'Problem' in each Throughline as well. Instead, attention focuses on the
Symptomof that Problem, and the
Responsetaken to alleviate those symptoms. Eventually both
Symptomare seen for what they really are and a choice is made to continue engaging in the
Responseor try something new with the
Solution. Regardless of the choice made, only the
Solutionresolves the
SRCA stands for Setup, Revelation, Conflict, and Aftermath. The numbers 1234 can be substituted for SRCA as they both reflect the order in which a dramatic circuit is revealed to an Audience. Note that SRCA is NOT a Storyweaving time-shifting technique found in films like Memento or Pulp Fiction. The order is determined by the
storyformand carries with it a unique signature that helps define the story's dynamics.
When you hear that a character "arcs", the growth of that character's development is either away from something, or towards something. Believe it or not, those are two very different ways of telling a story. If the character is growing towards something, then their
Main Character Growthis
Steadfast Influence Character
In any awesome story, one of the principal characters will stand their ground and stay true to their belief system while the other principal will do a complete 180. If the
Main Characterstands their ground, the
Influence Characterwill flip their perspective. If the Influence Character stands their ground, then the Main Character flips--or has their perspective Changed by the Influence Character. This concept explores the latter situation wherein the Main Charcter adopts the Influence Character's point-of-view.
Steadfast Main Character
In any awesome story, one of the principal characters will stand their ground and stay true to their belief system while the other principal will do a complete 180. If the
Main Characterstands their ground, the
Influence Characterwill flip their perspective. If the Influence Character stands their ground, then the Main Character flips--or has their perspective Changed by the Influence Character. This concept explores the former situation wherein the Influence Character adopts the Main Character's point-of-view.
steadfast main characters
Story Consequence
You cannot have a
Story Goalwithout a
Story Consequence; one does not exist without the other. Sometimes referred to as the "stakes" of a story, the Consequence motivates the drive towards a successful resolution in the
Overall Story ThroughlineIf you are looking to increase the conflict in your story, the Story Consequence is the first place to look.
Story Driver
What starts, stops, and moves a story forward--this is the realm of the
Story Driver. Do Actions drive Decisions or do Decisions drive Actions? The answer is yes. And like the conundrum of the chicken and the egg and which one comes first, an author dealing with narrative has to determine which came first. Cool pro tip: all your major plot point will be of the same type--either all Actions or all Decisions.
Story Elements
Story Essence
Story Goal
This is the Goal everyone is focused on. Some are for it. Some are for against it. Once the initial
Story Drivercreates the story's central inequity and
Overall Story Problem, the
Overall Story Solutionbecomes apparent. The
Story Goalis an attempt to reach that Solution.
Story Judgment
The Audience wants to know the emotional state of the Main Character at the end of the story. Were the events of the narrative worth it, or are they still troubled and angst-ridden about their personal baggage? Theoretically speaking this story point reflects the emotional state of the narrative as a whole--meaning, does the Author feel like the efforts to solve the problem were a
Goodthing or a
Story Limit
You know those films, novels, and plays that seem to go on and on and on with no end in sight? That's because they don't have in place a strong and consistent
Story Limit. Set up whether the story is limited by
Timein the very first Act, remind us in the subsequent Acts, and have the final Option or Second tick away in the last Act. That is how the Audience will know a story is over. Oh. Break the
Story Limitby changing it or disrespecting it and the Audience will not forgive you.
story mind
Story Nature
The nature of a story is either a
Workor a
Dilemma. On top of this you apply either
Apparentto create a quad of options for this Story Point. Either the characters were right to participate in the Work or the Dilemma, or they were wrong and it only seemed like a Work or a Dilemma. The latter is Apparent, the former Actual. This Story Point is a part of Dramatica's four
Audience Appreciationsand is a combination of the
Main Character Resolveand the
Story Outcome.
Story Outcome
Usually this is as simple as asking, Do the good guys win or lose? But sometimes you can run into narratives where the "bad guys" actually function as the
Protagonist, in which case a
SuccessOutcome would feature the bad guys winning. Confusing? Here's an easier way. Did the efforts to reach the
Story Goalend in
Failure? Answer that and you will know the
Story Outcome.
Story Points
Both Author and Audience share a common ground--a thin veil of communication wherein they can see through to each other's respective point-of-view. These points of commonality are referred to as
Story Pointsand can be found delineated within Dramatica's concept of the
storyform. The clearer your Story Points the more your message will get through to the other side.
story prerequisite
story prerequisites
story reach
Story Reception
story requirement
story requirements
Story Tendency
This is the second stage of the process whereby an Author tries to communicate something of import to an Audience. The first stage is
Storyformingwhere the Author chooses individual Story Points to carry the message out into the world. In this second stage, the Author crafts the Story Points into points unique and personal to his or her own message. In this way, no two stories can be the same even if they maintain the same
storyformat the base.
The Storyform
The storyform is a collection of 75 story points that form a holistic image of a story's intended meaning. What does that mean in plain English? The storyform is a bunch of story points that make up the structure of your story. We say holistic because they all work together--they're not independent. The current version of Dramatica sees at least 32,767 unique storyforms. There are more, but they require further development and it's hard enough teaching everyone the current model.
Storyforming? Is that anything like terraforming? I guess so--if building a story was like building a planet. The Storyforming stage is where an author begins to predict how their story will turn out and what kind of effect it might have on their intended audience. In short, it's where the Author structures their story. There are three more subsequent phases--Storytelling, Storyweaving, and Story Reception.
Storymindconcept rests at the heart of everything that is Dramatica. In short, Dramatica sees every story as a model of a single human mind trying to solve a problem--and any deviation from this model results in story holes or inconsistent and schizophrenic stories. This is one of the givens for the Dramatica theory--if you can't buy into this concept then everything that follows is not worth your time.
Less about how to tell a story and more about how a story is told,
Storytellingin Dramatica is everything that is unique and special to the Author's creative muse. It is where an Author brings life to lifeless terms like
Preconditionsand where the story takes on a life of its own.
Throughlinefinds its conflict motivated by a
Problem. The only reason this
Problemcontinues to wreck havoc is because the attention of those in the Throughline is focused on the
Symptomsof the problem, not the
Problemitself. In essence, the Throughline is blind to the
Problembecause of this focus on the
Nothing wrong with a tale. Especially if you don't care about Audience members remembering your tale 48 hours later or you don't mind them not recommending your work to anyone else. Tales are great in the moment, but are soon forgotten as they don't add up to anything more than what they are. A
Complete Storyoffers so much more than a
Tale, and Audiences nowadays are wise to them.
Want to know something cool about
Theme? Get this, if a great story is really just an analogy to a single human mind trying to solve a problem, then
Themeis really just the evaluations of that single human mind at work. Awesome, right?
Themeis no longer this big imposing intimidating thing--just another aspect of the mind along with
Plot, and
Thought, Knowledge, Ability, and Desire function as the base for everything in Dramatica. And when we say everything, we mean everything. From top to bottom, left to right, and everywhere in-between take a quad of four items within the Dramatica Table of Story Elements and you will find equivalents to Thought, Knowledge, Ability, and Desire. Think of these as the building blocks of the storymind. Because they are.
Want to make everyone in the Audience miserable? Write a
Tragedy. The good guys lose and the Main Characters goes home sad (assuming he or she actually survives). Put a
Story Outcomeof
Failurealongside the equally depressing
Story Judgmentof
Badand you have yourself a
Tragedy. Worked for Shakespeare more than once; might work for you.
Everyone loves a happy ending, right? Put a
Story Outcomeof
Successalongside the equally chipper
Story Judgmentof
Goodand you have yourself the makings of a Hollywood blockbuster. Of course, if everyone is making
Triumphswho is serving the remaining 75% of storytelling?
Ugh. Who really wastes their time thinking of who the
Villainis in there story? Better to leave that kind of subjective interpretation to the Audience and concentrate on writing a great story. Dramatica's interpretation of a Villain is simple: the character who represents the alternative point-of-view to the Main Character (the
Influence Character) and serves the
Antagonistfunction in the
Overall Story Throughline. You don't have to make them both the same character. But when you do, you have a


text:
The breeze continued to cause problems as Race 2 of the day (Race 3 of the Series) commenced. The course was set a 020 but after a general recall, the Committee reset the course to 035. The whitecaps were now clearly visible and the seaway very choppy as the fleet went into sequence for the restart of race 2.
The race was finally gunned away in 20 knots and the 1999 Etchells World Champion Cameron Miles (Are We There Yet?) had a perfect start on the pin and headed left to the favoured side of the course.
However by the top mark for the first time, Graeme Taylor (Magpie) had taken the lead and rounded ahead of Cameron Miles, followed by John Bertrand (Triad). Fourth was Ian Johnson (Bananas in Pyjamas), then came Damien King (Barry) and Mark Thornburrow (Racer X 923).
Out on the right a wave for wave leader tussle was going on between Graeme Taylor and John Bertrand as they came down to the bottom mark. Surfing down the course, GT just held out Bertrand as they came together ahead of the round.
However neither GT nor Bertrand were first around, that honour went to Tom Braidwood (Bad Doll) who had slipped by the pair and into the lead.
Braidwood and Taylor chose the right mark, Bertrand the left. The leading boats seemed divided equally as to their choice of mark with Ian Johnson (Bananas in Pyjamas) going right, Cameron Miles (Are We There Yet?) left, Mark Langford (Critical Balance) and Mark Thornburrow (Racer X 923) right, Damien King (Barry) left and Peter Merrington (Odyssey) right.
On the second beat the conditions were perfect for sailing and the racing was very close and exciting.
Damien King has a good second beat and led at the top mark for the second time. John Bertrand was second, Ian Johnson third, Mark Thornburrow fourth, with Graeme Taylor having dropped back to fifth. Mark Langford was sixth.
It was a spinnaker run to the finish with King holding his lead. Taylor, who made up ground and seemed to surf the waves better than his rivals was second, Bertrand third.
Ian Johnson (Bananas in Pyjamas), Mark Langford (Critical Balance), Tom Braidwood (Bad Doll), Cameron Miles (Are We There Yet?), Mark thornburrow (Racer X 923), Peter Merrington (Odyssey) and Jervis Tilly (Bushfire) completed the top ten.
Overall Ian Johnson's Bananas in Pyjamas leads Mark Thornburrow's Racer X 923 by one point. Mark Bulka's Perfect Balance is a further three points back, in third.
Results are provisional.
Full results at http://www.etchells.org.au/nationals
What they said:
John Bertrand (Triad): 'It was full on today. These boats are a handful in these conditions, plenty of wind, with the chop, it's hard to keep the boat going fast.
'Overall an exciting day; the boats were lit up quite a lot. There were 15 degree shifts. It was great to be sailing with Grant again. (John's Australia II navigator).
'We had a lot of fun today, we have some many memories it's a real blast.'
Grant Simmer (Triad): 'I am hurting, that was my first race on an Etchells in 12 years. It's much longer since I've been on the foredeck - they were patient with me today. I was just worried about falling in.
'Racing wise ... we started well and chipped away and were rewarded with a first and a third.'
Barry co-owner and mainsheet hand Simon Cunnington: 'It was windy enough, we had a bit on. In the first race we had a solid fifth. In the second race we had a bad start, we were spat right, ducked a lot of sterns, came back on a good right shift.
'Then on the second beat our tactician Andy Butler sent us right and we got to the top mark first and extended a little for a good win.
'We needed that result, after yesterday's debacle (wrong side of a huge shift, finished almost last.)
'The impressive thing today was to see Cam Miles back at the front of the fleet after a long break away. Mark Thornburrow (Hong Kong) was good today, as was Graeme Taylor and of course John Bertrand.'
Cameron Miles (Are We There Yet?): 'Four years since I've raced an Etchells, it was hard work; they are bigger but great sailing.
Mark Bulka (Perfect Balance): 'After yesterday's win, we had an eighth and a 17th today. We suffered in the stronger conditions because we are 20kg under weight.
'It's that lightass on the front, (Glenn Ashby – six times A Cat World champion). I have been telling him to eat for the last three months, we are taking him to Mexican tonight – we need to load him up with calories.'
[Sorry, this content could not be displayed]

subset: commoncrawl


text:
About this time of year, articles about tax planning for year end start appearing everywhere.
The articles contain tips useful for most taxpayers. But did you know that the IRS publishes
a pamphlet just for those who are divorced or separated? Publication 504,
for "Divorced or Separated Individuals" covers topics relevant such as:
- Filing Status
- Exemptions
- Alimony
- Qualified Domestic Relations Order [QDRO]
- Individual Retirement Arrangements [IRA]
- Property Settlments
- Costs of Getting a Divorce
- Community Property
- Helpful reminders
and more.....
Believe it or not, the IRS offers a wealth of free information to taxpayers on every aspect
of our lives. The materials are well written, in other words, they are not written in legalese!
Here is how to find this information.
This is the main IRS website. Here you can download forms and publications.
You can request a copy sent to you, or you can go the the Chicago IRS Office at:
230 S Dearborn
24th floor
There you will find paper copies of these pamphlets and forms.
There are other IRS locations in Schiller Park, Orland Park, and Downers Grove.
What I love to do is to download the PDF version of publications to my iPad.
Then I can save it in iBooks to read anytime! If you are looking for something else,
say for example, information on selling your home or deducting mortgage interest payments,
type in keywords in the search box.
Another IRS tool is the IRS TELETAX for recorded information by phone. This is available 24/7.
Call 800-829-4477 and enter the tax topic. Relevant topics include:
- Alimony paid [Topic #452]
- Innocent Spouse Relief [Topic #205]
You can also use this phone number to check on the status of your refund.
You should always check with your attorney or tax advisor on any questions you have,
but these materials will give you a good basic foundation to ask the right questions.
Sign up to subscribe to DivorceChicagoStyle posts in the box to the right.
Follow me on Twitter at @DivorceChicagoS
Filed under: Divorce Taxation
Tags: IRS


text:
OUT going Kidderminster Harriers boss Steve Burr thanked the club's fans for their support during his four years at Agborough.
The Carpetmen faithful were stunned by the news of this week's exit.
Over his time at Harriers, the former Stalybridge boss had built up a special relationship with the supporters.
He is now one of the favourites for the vacancy at League Two Northampton Town, and his impressive record at Aggborough will see him coveted by many clubs.
"I just want to say thank you to everyone connected with Kidderminster Harriers because in my four years there I have thoroughly enjoyed it," said Burr.
"I'm sorry to be leaving but there is a good group of players there and hopefully they can kick on and get the success that the club deserves.
"I'm especially grateful to the fans because they've been magnificent. I wish everybody all the best."
Burr had been contracted to Harriers until 2016, making his departure even more of a surprise.
Meanwhile, the Carpetmen have suffered a set back as midfielder Callum Gittings will miss the next three weeks with hamstring and shoulder injuries, which he had been carrying for a month.
The squad re-shuffling at the club also continued, with Jamie Tolley released from his contract and Jamie Grimes sent on a month's loan to Worcester City.
With Mickey Demetriou deputising impressively at centre-back, Grimes has been sent out to boost his confidence.
Gary Whild said: "Jamie needs games now, and looking at Mickey going in there and doing so well at centre-half has probably given us a few more options. It's important for Jamie to keep his fitness levels up."
Striker Ryan Rowe's loan deal at Stourbridge comes to an end on January 14, but James Dance is at Rushall Olympic and Tyrone Williams has been sent to Redditch United.


text: Glyco-Flex III PRODUCT REVIEWS PAGE 1 OF 3 GlycoFlex III is a medicinal nutrition supplement designed for hard-working or older dogs. Joint and muscle inflammation is eased and recovery is aided by regular administration. Options Available: 120 Chewable Tabs Shop Glyco-Flex III Rated 5 out of 5 by 18 reviewers. Rated 5 out of 5by KathyMMy dogs like these so that makes it an easy addition.Don't have a clue what effectiveness yet as I have been giving these for only 2 weeks or so. Was using another brand before and decided to step it up a notch. The quality seems very good but only time will tell with my 13 and 11 year old pups. 04/06/2016Rated 5 out of 5by yfredfishHelps dog feel better.This product helps the joints of our older dog.This product helps to keep the inflammation down in the joints. This product is cheaper than going to the vet to get a cortisone shot. 10/05/2015Rated 5 out of 5by BetteeIdentical to my Veterinarian's supply.Identical to my Veterinarian's supply. Thank youThis is for my Standard Poodle.Did not pick a breed of dog because--You did not list the three types of Poodles. 07/10/2015Rated 5 out of 5by BILL777This product is great for joints!IT WAS EASY WAY TO BUY AS WELL AS GREAT PRICES TO BUY FOR MY PETS!!! 06/17/2015Rated 5 out of 5by HaylinsMomThis product works great.My dog loves these tablets and eagerly takes her tablet every day. I knew she was benefitting from them when she began to show more interest in playing and was less sedentary. 07/18/2013Rated 5 out of 5by MeganSaved my RottieI rescued my male rottie from another family and his hips were so bad i thought i was going to have to put him down. his hips popped and snapped and he cried all the time. the vet told me to try this product (Glycoflex) and now he is almost always pain free and he can move, and run, and jump, and acts like a normal 18 month old! Thank you who ever came up with this product!!!!! from the bottom of our heartsMegan, Max and Chelsea 01/11/2012Rated 5 out of 5by poodle_runnerMiracle pill for my LabMy 7 year old chocolate lab was hit by a car recently. During x-rays we discovered he had hip dysplasia and arthritis in both front shoulders. He was having so much trouble after recovering from the accident with getting up and down, it broke my heart watching him cry out in pain anytime he got up or laid down. My Vet recommended these tablets for him. I just can't believe the change in him...he runs and plays just like a new pup. I just could not be happier in the change in him. I has made his life so much better. I love seeing him outside chasing after the kids again. I highly recommend these for your loyal friend. 09/26/2010Rated 5 out of 5by Todd_a_happy_husky_ownerHappy Husky!!!!Our girl, Tallulah was having problems getting up and down and if she had an active day, after rest it was hard for her to get around. Now, after the GlycoFlex III, I think my wife and I need something to keep up with her. The Vet couldn't believe the improvement...... 07/29/2010 Page 1 of 3 1 2 3


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How Many Here Actually Use The Pnet Service Provider Database?
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text:
Adam Torres (Lake Mary, Fla.) is one of the top defensive tackle prospects in the Sunshine State. He visited the University of Miami this week and picked up an offer from the 'Canes.
"Miami offered me yesterday," Torres said. "It was pretty great. The coaches are all down to earth and you can tell they care about every player."
Torres, 6-foot-5 and 275-pounds, also liked the tradition of the program.
The facilities were nice," Torres said. "I was amazed to see how many Hurricanes have been in the NFL."
Torres has also picked up scholarship offers from FSU, N.C. State, Georgia Tech, Marshall, Rutgers, FIU, and South Florida.


text:
What is JotForm?
JotForm is a free online form builder which helps you create online forms without writing a single line of code. No sign-up required.
At JotForm, we want to make sure that you're getting the online form builder help that you need. Our friendly customer support team is available 24/7.
We believe that if one user has a question, there could be more users who may have the same question. This is why many of our support forum threads are public and available to be searched and viewed. If you'd like help immediately, feel free to search for a similar question, or submit your question or concern.
Cancel Jot Form SubscriptionAsked by Patti Kintner on January 04, 2016 at 02:08 PM
Please Cancel our Jot Form Subscription as we are using something else.
Can I ask what you are using now? I'm having a lot of issues.
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text:
For fiction, I just recently finished Game of Thrones and I am finishing the rest of the series. For non-fiction, I am currently reading The Millennium Project, the attempt to send human beings to another star cluster. The book is named as such because it will take a thousand years and a series of substantial investments to even attempt the long journey to Alpha Centauri as the book says. Or perhaps we could travel a longer journey to Kepler186f, an earth-like planet almost five hundred light years away in a Holecene Project.
I really enjoy fun movies with comedy and action. That is why Deadpool was my favorite this year, the best romantic comedy I have every seen. I also had fun with star wars.
I plan to download, stream or rent Captain America Civil War and Batman vs. Superman.
I am really digging Colbert this year, US Politics has been absolutely insane and Colbert makes it hilarious to watch. Oh America, please change your ways...
Similar to the US election is a great series I watch not because people succeed, but because they die: Game of Thrones. Just starting now so no spoilers!
It is really hard to pick a favorite food as I love so many! From Western to East Asian, to... all of it can be amazing. I just want to try anything edible.
Favorite places in Victoria: Wanna Waffle, Bin 4, Floyds, Jack's Chinese Restaurant, Vista 18, SenZushi, Ho Tongs, Food Trucks by the Imax
The main anime and Manga I am following is One Punch Man. Absolutely hilarious, it really makes fun of the superhero genre in just the right way.
For Manga or in my case Manwe (Korean comics), Magician has absolutely fabulous art style in a fantasy setting. The story isn't to groan over either.
I really go through tons of crap for every little speck of gem I find. For me, fanfiction is enjoyable as a way of peering into the works of the amateur author. A open mike writers night if you will. I also read it to develope and practice my own writing.
I play tons of different games, video games, board games, card games, or my current favorite: DnD.
DnD is the right mix of social interaction, RPG gamestyle and actual improv/acting. I put myself into my characters and pretend I am playing a part.
DnD does to take a bit of initial investment and a learning curve.
Otherwise I play the usual card games, chess, backgammon but also: Settlers of Catan, Ticket to Ride, Risk, Scotland Yard and Exploding Kittens.
A system which supports the chemical processes needed to 'live'
The ability to feel (including pleasure, pain, happy and sad)
Time management of my goals and desires
A device to access an information network with everyone around the world instantaneously
Talking, playing, seeing, any excuse to enjoy our time sounds like a good idea to me!


text:
In 2016, we published our first children's book: Amy & Jada Rescue a Robot.
The book features two young girls, Amy and Jada, who meet a broken robot named Tinker, then embark on an intergalactic adventure in pursuit of parts needed to repair their new friend. We wrote, illustrated, and published this book to show readers that young girls can be creative, resourceful, and highly capable engineers. Amy & Jada can be found on Amazon here. All proceeds from book sales are used to fund our team's outreach programs.


text:
Trigger Point Therapy - Gmed Causing MCL Pain and Meniscal Pain
Posted by Judith Winer on
How can a weakness of the glutes be responsible for knee pain?
There are a number of factors regarding the Gmed that need to be taken into account when we are looking at medial or lateral knee pain. "Medial knee drift," which is a valgus position of the tibiofemoral joint and, less common, "lateral knee drift" which is a varus position of the tibiofemoral joint.
When a client consults their therapist with knee pain, they might have been told that one of the causes of their knee pain is a weakness found in the Gmax or Gmed. So how can a weakness of the glutes be responsible for knee pain?
The Gmed posterior fibers assist the Gmax in controlling the alignment of the hip through the knee to the foot during the gait cycle. If for some reason the Gmed posterior fibers are weak (trigger points is one common reason), the knee can drift medially when walking or running.
The knee joint, showing the meniscus and the MCL
Which muscle is antagonistic to the Gmed? The answer is the adductors, and if there is an underlying factor that causes the adductors to become tight and shortened (again, trigger points may come into play here), this might in turn be a causative factor for weakness of the Gmed posterior fibers.
If the adductors are short, they are generally in a hypertonic state. In this case, when we contact the ground during the gait cycle, the main stabilizing muscle of the lateral sling should be the Gmed, as this also keeps the alignment of the pelvis.
Gluteus Medius (GMed) - Trigger points make the host muscle shorter, weaker, and less efficient. This can trigger, or be part of, a chain of events that can cause MCL and Meniscal pain.
Dangerous Pattern of Compensation
If the adductors receive more neural stimulus from the obturator nerve (as when the adductors have become the main stabilizing muscle instead of the Gmed), this compensation pattern will naturally take the hip into an increased medial rotation, adduction, and hip flexion.
As a result, the knee drifts medially (valgus position) because of the increased medial rotation of the femur caused by the hypertonic adductors and the weakened Gmed. As this compensation pattern continues it can be precursory to loading of the MCL and the underlying attachment to the medial meniscus because of the altered biomechanics. Moreover, the lateral meniscus can also be involved owing to a compressive force caused by the increased valgus position of the knee.
Lateral Knee Drift
Because of the varus position, lateral knee drift is rarely seen in the sports injury clinic. There is limited information in the literature about this condition and many therapists may not be aware of it. Lateral knee drift can be observed in a patient performing a single-leg squat if they have a weakness in their Gmed or Gmax.
It can also occur when an athlete is running and they have an anterior-tilted pelvis with a forward trunk position. At heel-strike the knee can be forced into a lateral shift so that the Gmed is offloaded and the foot/ankle is forced into a more supinated position.
This excessive lateral drift of the knee will place increased strain on the medial meniscus because of the increased compression of the varus position. It can also overload the ITB and the popliteus muscle.
Find a Trigger Point Professional in your area
Nationally Accredited Home-Study Courses
John Gibbons is a qualified and registered osteopath with the General Osteopathic Council, specializing in the assessment, treatment, and rehabilitation of sport-related injuries. Having lectured in the field of sports medicine and physical therapy for over 12 years, John delivers advanced therapy training to qualified professionals within a variety of sports. He has also published numerous articles on various aspects of manual therapy.
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2 comments
Thanks for the tips!!
nice explanation…. very much helpfull clinical reasoning and explanation for clinical therapist.keep continue this good work


text:
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Eat a great deal of vegetables and fruits as a superior fiber diet is able to help you slim down fast. After those 3 days or week, you will observe that for some time you aren't going to get those carb or sugar cravings. If 3,500 calories are eating that aren't used, it appears to reason a pound can readily be put on.
What to Expect From Lose Weight Fast?
When you set out on a weight reduction program and begin to observe results, you will also realize many psychological advantages. Successful weight loss is contingent on many things, and among the key ones is choosing the proper Low-Carb diet for you according to your way of life, budget and food preferences, among many other choices. You acquire weight because of this the best diet pills to lose weight fast.
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Looks like Garden Village is no longer available on Rent.com which means this information is likely out of date.
This property is an income restricted property. A maximum income limitation may apply. Not all renters will qualify and other restrictions may apply. Please contact the property for details.
Contact for details
This is a Tax Credit community, if you would like more information about this program please call the leasing office. * This community has the claim of best kept secret within the Congress Heights neighborhood. Coming home to your Garden Village apartment is like discovering an oasis in the heart of Southeast DC. Complete with lush landscaping and great apartment features like hardwood floors, updated kitchens, energy efficient appliances and accent walls, this community is truly all about affordable luxury. * With the Shops at Park Village, THEARC and the neighborhood Splash Park just outside your front door, you'll truly feel like part of a community. Enjoy the feel of suburban living just minutes outside of the hustle and bustle of Downtown Washington, DC.
Our lease terms are: 12 months (Please note that lease terms may vary, are subject to change without notice, and are based on availability. Inquire with property staff for complete details).
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Started by
Chino Saisima, January 5
Posted January 5
Back from the grave. Pls no rejecterino
Once @Wrik Hoover or @Chupster Charante confirm you're not an imposter, you are welcome back.
Posted January 6
Are you the guy who pinged his password on slack that one time back in lazerhawks?
Nah, i think i just highlighted it in a channel. Unfortunately it was the main channel.
Posted January 7
that seals the deal tbh
Posted January 8
Withdrawing the app, found a home somewhere else. nomad pls.
ok c u


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Discover a selection of top forums blender hawk's on the internet. Come to share your passion on forums blender hawk's and meet other fans of blender hawk's. Then, why don't you create your own forum of blender hawk's ?
learning blender 3d and sharing your creations
blendernewbies, #blender, world, learning, sharing, your, creations, forum
Red Hawk Ranch is your spot for horse boarding, lessons, riding, training, and leasing. We also host Camp Onward, a program for teens with Asperger's syndrome.
hawk, ranch, spot, horse, boarding, lessons, riding, training, leasing, host, camp, onward, program, teens, asperger's, syndrome
From the Ashes of Despair, the Phoenix has Risen
e-fed, wrestling, online, phoenix, insurgency, federation, chuck, matthews, corey, casey, brandon, macdonald, jason, hawk
There are five Clans in the Forest; MistClan, HawkClan, MountainClan, StreamClan, and BoneClan. What Destiny will you choose?
warriors, forest, cats, clans, roleplay, hawkclan, mountainclan, streamclan, mist, windclan, hawk, thunderclan, mountain, shadowclan, stream, boneclan, bloodclan, warrior
We are a Jedi only RP guild from SWTOR on the Ebon Hawk server. We are an all age guild and welcome anyone willing to join and have fun.
Band of The hawk multi gaming clan. Join us on discord https: //discord. gg/V46Z6ZT
band, hawk, multi, gaming, clan, join, discord, https, //discord, gg/v46z6zt


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Entry level Social care jobs in Portsmouth
Found 0 jobs
We do have the following jobs available for Social care, Entry level
Showing 1 - 3 of 60
Support Worker - Crawley
Come and join our team of Support Workers and create more opportunities for the people we support.
Support Worker
Hi, my name is Will and I'm supported by Dimensions. I live in the Calne area and need Support Workers to join my team.
Support Worker
Hi, I am a person supported by Dimensions. I will be leaving home for the first time in my life later this summer. I have autism & learning disability
Related courses
Psychology MSc
Our BPS accredited MSc Psychology degree has been designed for anyone wishing to pursue a career in psychology and work towards obtaining GBC status.
Integrative Health and Social Care MSc (Online Distance Learning)
Designed in consultation with leading health and social care specialists, our MSc offers you a flexible study route to integrative healthcare.
Social Pedagogy: Providing Children & Young People with Nurturing Care & Education - CPD
An introduction to Social Pedagogy within the context of children and young people, providing insights and ideas for working creatively with children.


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Car Deck Wiring Diagram
Car Deck Wiring Diagram
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- Prescription Drug Abuse Slideshow: Facts and Statistics
- OTC and Prescription Drug Abuse Slideshow Pictures
- Health Risks of Alcohol Abuse Slideshow Pictures
- Patient Comments: Teen Drug Abuse - Drug Types
- Find a local Psychiatrist in your town
- Teen drug abuse facts
- What drugs are abused by teenagers?
- What are some adolescent drug use statistics?
- What are the dangerous effects of drug use in teens?
- How can parents prevent drug use?
- What are the symptoms and warning signs of drug abuse?
- What is drug abuse?
- What are the causes and risk factors of teen drug use?
- What are the symptoms of drug abuse in teens?
- What is the treatment of drug intoxication?
- What are treatments for drug addiction?
- Where can a person get help for teen drug abuse?
Quick GuideTeen Drug Abuse: Warning Signs, Statistics, and Facts
What are the symptoms of drug abuse in teens?
Some of the most common symptoms of drug abuse in teenagers include lying, making excuses, breaking curfew, staying in their room, becoming verbally or physically abusive toward others, having items in their possession that are connected to drug use (paraphernalia), the smell of drugs (for example, solvent smell of inhalants, marijuana smell) on them, mood swings, sleepless nights, stealing, and changes in friends. Examples of paraphernalia include matches, rolling papers, and pipes for drugs that are smoked, multiple pill bottles for substances that are in pill form, mirrors for drugs that are snorted, and needles, syringes, and items that can be used as tourniquets for drugs that are injected. In addition to those more behavioral symptoms, loved ones can look for the physical symptoms of drug intoxication and withdrawal. Given the complexity of those symptoms and how much they depend upon the specific drug being abused, loves ones are advised to have their family member evaluated medically and/or psychiatrically if substance abuse is suspected for any reason.
What is the treatment of drug intoxication?
Supporting the substance-abuse sufferer medically is the approach to managing most drug intoxications, since many substances of abuse can affect bodily functions (for example, heart rate, blood pressure, breathing rate). In addition to close medical monitoring, doctors usually have the individual assessed psychiatrically, since drugs are associated with everything from impaired judgment to severe aggression, assaultive behavior, and even suicidal and homicidal behaviors. Some medications are available to specifically counteract the effects of drugs. For example, naltrexone is used to counteract the effects of opioid intoxication. Blood pressure medications may be administered to patients who are suffering from high blood pressure associated with stimulant intoxication and with withdrawal from depressants. Fluids are often administered to those who have become dehydrated, and cooling blankets are given to those whose temperatures have become dangerously high, as may occur with Ecstasy.


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I am so bad about keeping up with my blogs and didn't realize how long it has been. What have I been doing?
Anyways a couple posts ago, in March I wrote about Zoe, living at a business when she got so old to hold her bowels.
HERE is that post.
She is still doing great, even though it seemed her time was close. They have shaved her twice because she gets mats and gets her nails trimmed.
Luckily the floors are cement so they are easily cleaned. They keep blankies down for her with a heat pad and some items to make her feel at home.
She watches over the place like a noble queen.


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This gorgeous hand-blown European glass mini pendant features a gently curved conical shade with a hand-brushed brown finish and white interior. A low-voltage monopoint design with satin nickel finish metal accents and dome canopy that holds a built-in transformer. Dimmable with an ELV or standard incandescent dimmer (not included). Includes a Quick Adapt jack compatible with Jesco low-voltage lighting system products.
Jesco Lighting offers a comprehensive line of energy-efficient lighting designs that will become a stunning focal point for your decor. Founded in 1998, the New York city based company was one of the very first lighting companies to embrace LED technology creating a precedence of innovation and forward thinking that expands from commercial to residential applications. Aiming to build on its solid reputation of quality, service and value, Jesco Lighting is proud to provide its customers with a variety of choices to fit their lighting needs.
Our team has over 100 years combined experience with contemporary lighting.
Every EuroStyleLighting.com order is backed by our 100% Satisfaction Pledge.
Shipping and Delivery Information - For item EU6Y798-7R966 if ordered by 1 pm Pacific Time


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All images have an HD option. Click on image.
General food store with an exterior wood fired oven at St -Jean Port Joly on the south shore of the St Laurence seaway Quebec.
The origin of the oven is obscure as the current owner bought the shop along with the oven, and has never asked within the community as to its history. The oven is fired daily and its bread sold in the shop.
The opening for the chimney connection is in the back upper center of the vault, just visible behind the flame.
The short black pipe chimney rests directly upon the vault.
Marcus Flynn


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2 for 1 ski/board & boot hire or ski carriage *
New to our programme for Winter 2013/14, the Alpenruh is an attractive chalet-style hotel with a cosy, friendly atmosphere, and enjoys a superb location adjacent to the Schilthorn cable-car for access to the skiing.
Family friendly facilities: • Hotel Family friendly • Cots and linen
Special dietary requirements catered for: • Vegetarian
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•Stunning location •Chocolate-box village •Fascinating history •Jungfrau ski area
Mürren is a gorgeous little village perched on the side of the majestic Schilthorn, accessible only by cog-railway or gondola. The area is steeped in remarkable history and today it still has much to offer visitors – mesmerizing vistas of some of the most iconic mountains in the world, fantastic skiing, and lots of fun activities for little (and big) kids.
Great for •Experts •Non-skiers •Families •Spring sunshine
Snow Report: Top 0cm, Bottom 0cm
Snow Forecast: 18cm expected this week
Snow History: December average depth 75.5cm
Approx. airport transfer times depend on conditions:
|Bern (BRN)
|68km, 1h
|Zürich (ZRH)
|150km, 2h
|Basel (BSL)
|168km, 2h10
|Switzerland, Alps.
|First opened:
Murren lift pass price last reported as CHF 274.00 (adult 6 day). Ask for a quote when booking Hotel Alpenruh.
Night skiing: Yes
Murren has NSEW facing slopes.
Usually open for skiing December-April.
|Town altitude:
|Top of slopes:
|Bottom of piste:
|Vertical drop:
|Total length of trails:
|Longest piste:
|4.5 km (Lauberhorn)
|why log in?
Save Wish List view on any device
Share Holidays choose with friends
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Get an overview of this hotelHotel in Las Cruces with free breakfast and outdoor pool
Popular property highlights
Situated in Las Cruces, this hotel is 1.9 mi (3 km) from New Mexico State University and 2.2 mi (3.5 km) from Las Cruces Museum of Art. New Mexico Farm and Ranch Heritage Museum and Mesilla Valley Mall are also within 6 mi (10 km).
Hotel Features
Along with an outdoor pool, this hotel has a business center and a computer station. Free continental breakfast, free WiFi in public areas, and free self parking are also provided. Other amenities include a TV in a common area and RV/bus/truck parking.
Room Amenities
All 38 rooms provide conveniences like refrigerators and microwaves, plus free WiFi and TVs with cable channels. Free weekday newspapers, free local calls, and hair dryers are among the other amenities that guests will find.
Guest Highlights
- Good location
- Breakfast
- Helpful staff
- Clean guestrooms
- Comfy beds
Econo Lodge
Hotel Amenities
Hotel Amenities
A computer station is located on site and wired and wireless Internet access is complimentary. A business center is on site. Guests can enjoy a complimentary breakfast. This Las Cruces hotel also offers an outdoor pool, a television in a common area, and RV/bus/truck parking. Complimentary self parking is available on site.
- Business center
- Total number of rooms - 38
- Number of floors - 2
- Free breakfast
- Free wired Internet
- Computer station
- RV, bus, truck parking
- Free self parking
- Outdoor pool
- Television in common areas
- Free WiFi
Family Friendly Amenities
- Family Hotel
- Outdoor pool
- Free Wi-Fi
- Refrigerator
- Microwave
Available in all rooms: Free WiFi
Available in some public areas: Free WiFi , Free wired Internet
Free self parking, RV, bus, truck parking
Room Amenities
- Premium TV channels
- Phone
- Iron/ironing board
- Air conditioning
- In-room climate control (air conditioning)
- Free weekday newspaper
- Free local calls
- Microwave
- Refrigerator
- Daily housekeeping
- Hair dryer
- Television
- Desk
- Cable TV service
- Free WiFi
- Rollaway/extra beds (surcharge)
Where to Eat
A complimentary continental breakfast is served between 6 AM and 9 AM.
Nearby Things to Do
Recreational amenities at the hotel include an outdoor pool.
If you have requests for specific accessibility needs, please note them at check-out when you book your room.
- Accessible bathroom
- In-room accessibility
Hotel Policies
Check-in time ends at 7 AM
Check-in time starts at 3 PM
Check-out time is 11 AM
Payment types
Children and extra beds
- Children are welcome.
- Kids stay free! Up to 2 children 18 years old and younger stay free when using existing bedding.
- Rollaway/extra beds are available for USD 10.00 per stay.
- Cribs (infant beds) are not available.
- Pets allowed for an extra charge of USD 20 per pet (varies based on length of stay)
You need to know
Extra-person charges may apply and vary depending on property policy.
Government-issued photo identification and a credit card or cash deposit are required at check-in for incidental charges.
Special requests are subject to availability upon check-in and may incur additional charges. Special requests cannot be guaranteed.
No cribs (infant beds) available
- Breakage deposit: USD 50 per stay
Optional extras
- Pet fee: USD 20 per pet (varies based on length of stay)
- Rollaway bed fee: USD 10.00 per stay
Hotel Name
- Econo Lodge Hotel Las Cruces
- Econo Lodge Las Cruces
We should mention
Up to 2 children 18 years old and younger stay free when occupying the parent or guardian's room, using existing bedding.


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Hasmek was a male Romulan who lived in the 23rd and 24th century.
By 2374, he was dispatched with a trio of Romulan officers who were sent on a mission for the Romulan Star Empire during the time of the Dominion War. At this stage of the conflict, the Romulans were neutral but were examining information that led them to believe that the Dominion were constructing and artificial wormhole in order to connect the Cardassian Union territories to the Gamma Quadrant for reinforcements against the Federation. Hasmek and his comrades were sent to determine if the wormhole was activated and report back to his government about his groups findings which may have led to the Romulans joining the Dominion in an alliance. To accomplish this, the trio of Romulans hitched a ride on a smuggler transport commanded by the Ferengi Shek and the Orion Rolf. Whilst this was an effective cover to reach Dominion space, their time amongst the smugglers was filled with hardship which meant that they were determined to escape their virtual status as slaves.
In the same year, they were at the OK Corral in the Badlands when the Bajoran starship Orb of Peace arrived. Quickly stowing aboard, they attempted to commandeer the ship and return to Romulan space which led to the deaths of several members of the crew. In the struggle, Hasmeks colleagues were killed and Hesmek himself lost his arm. It was only then that he learnt that the ship was actually part of a Starfleet infiltration operation that was tasked with destroying the verteron collider. Whilst reluctant at first and antagonistic to his captors, Hasmek aided them in their travels. He was responsible for helping the ship escape the attention of a Cardassian Galor class ship on patrol by pretending it was a Romulan scientific ship and also guided the crew into the Death Valley that was located in the plasma cloud. (DS9 novels: Behind Enemy Lines, Tunnel Through the Stars)
- The characters name and fact that he was bonded to his Vulcan wife suggests that he is the same character that married Teska in the novel Mind Meld.
|This article is a stub relating to a character. You can help our database by expanding on it.


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A series struggling for ratings and relevancy outside of the month of May viewed Sunday, October 16 at Las Vegas Motor Speedway as its chance to grab a weekend's worth of headlines.
It got them, but in the absolute worst way.
[Video: Jay Hart: 'A tragic day']
The passing of Indianapolis 500 champion Dan Wheldon in a fiery, multi-car crash on Lap 12 of the Izod IndyCar Series' ultimate race took those headlines, and sadly adds more intrigue to a series with a lot of unknowns in the future.
Sunday was the end of an era for the current car, the sport's most popular name, and, incredibly enough, the rulebook. It wasn't supposed to be the end of a career and life for a man counted on to be one of the most integral pieces of the series moving forward.
Vegas had all of the makings of a showcase event, one to highlight the best attributes of the IndyCar Series. Fast, side-by-side racing lap after lap, and an undecided season points battle between two drivers starting next to each other in the middle of the field. It also featured a $5 million bonus for Wheldon if he was to win from the back of the field.
Instead, it ended in carnage.
Thirty-four cars were entered in Sunday's race, the last for the current Dallara chassis. In 2012, the series moves to a newer, safer car designed to increase manufacturer competition and individualism. Wheldon was the test driver for that car.
The field was so large — one car larger than the Indianapolis 500 field — because those Dallara chassis and Honda engines would be obsolete on Monday. If they were raced Sunday, they weren't going to be again, and that's money down the drain. That turned out to be both a good thing and a bad thing.
A good thing because it would have — and did, for 12 laps — produced white-knuckle, three-wide racing. But that good thing means that the cars were just inches apart at 220 mph. Yeah, these cars have lots of downforce, but they also have wings and no roofs. And there were 34 of them. More chances for mistakes, and more cars to be collected.
Wheldon was starting from the back because he was the sole participant in the IndyCar Series' $5 million challenge. Even though he had won at the Brickyard in May after J.R. Hildebrand crashed coming out of Turn 4, the former champion didn't have a full-time ride and was eligible for the bonus, given to a non-full-time driver who won from the back of the field.
[Related:Hart: Driver's final days were filled with joy]
The safety measures taken by the IndyCar Series have been commendable. Drivers have ended up upside down in recent years and have crawled out of the cockpit unscathed. But we've all seen what's happened to the Cup CoT cars when catchfences come into play.
It was also the final race for Danica Patrick as a full-time IndyCar driver. Patrick was on the inside of the initial contact that started the fiery crash and escaped on the inside line unscathed.
As Patrick shifts to NASCAR, the IndyCar Series didn't have a driver ready-made to step into Patrick's role as the mainstream recognizable face of the series. It was going to be a collaborative effort and a rejuvenated Wheldon, one of 18 drivers to win multiple Indianapolis 500s, would have been one of those in the collaboration.
And if a Patrick-less series with a new car wasn't enough, discussion leading up to the Vegas race centered around how the series would be officiated in the future after a series of rulings that have left drivers increasingly animated, including when Will Power flipped a double barrel gesture towards IndyCar race control after the New Hampshire race was restarted under slick track conditions.
Add in an ever fluid schedule — New Hampshire is gone as quickly as it was back, and Kentucky and Japan are off the schedule — and extremely low television ratings for the races shown on Versus, and it was easy to wonder about IndyCar's future before the green flag dropped on Sunday.
Now, with the loss of one of its best people and positive assets, those thoughts are cloudier. And that stinks.
More Dan Wheldon coverage on Yahoo! Sports:
• Dan Wheldon's death leaves many questions without answers
• Video: Drivers react to his passing
• Indy 500 champ dies in horrific crash
• Video: Dan Wheldon's visit with Y! Sports just before death


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by J
God, You knows my pain, You know what was happened. You see everything, i came with a broken heart. he continued to hurt me and always acted as if nothing happened, insult me and throw me. I tried to cover my feelings from everyone, every day i struggle. but i couldn't stop waiting for his promise responsible on me. I am still waiting for the miracle to come one day and waiting for the touch of who reject and hurt me. God, You knows how long i have waited, i can't do anything without Your blessing. I need You Father, i need You, please don't leave me. Please Father, help me, I'm tired of crying, pain and suffering make me losing my mind. I couldn't touch his heart, please help Father touched damianus aditya heart for me.
Join in and write your own page! It's easy to do. How? Simply click here to return to Catholic Prayer Request.
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He loves chicks butts indeed
I too like chickens
Album Rating: 5.0buttz
carved moons
Album Rating: 4.0nah but good review
great review.
for me, this album would be absolutely unlistenable if the production wasn't so amazing. the songwriting is extremely uninspired. these vocal melodies are boring as hell.
Album Rating: 3.0 | Sound Offfinally!1!1!1
Album Rating: 2.5I feel the opposite. It almost sounds overproduced
Digging: Denzel Curry - 13
Album Rating: 3.0thank you for not bowing to the hype machine. would pos.
i might be lowering my rating to a 3 honestly.
Album Rating: 3.0but i agree with you xeno the production is fantastic
Album Rating: 2.0dr. greer is spinning in his grave
Album Rating: 3.0 | Sound Off
but i agree with you xeno the production is fantastic
insipid overrated predictable tosh, okey?
Digging: Penguin Cafe - The Imperfect Sea
Album Rating: 3.0 | Sound OffPerfect review Eli baby
Feel the exact same way
Album Rating: 2.5 | Sound OffBest staff
Digging: Uchu Conbini - Feel the Dying Note
Album Rating: 2.0 | Sound Offgood job Eli. you show those fat motherfuckers.
Album Rating: 2.0 | Sound Offthey have neckbeards too eww gross
Bands: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z


text: Heart of darkness-rough mix by Rage-Quit published on 2012-03-26T20:30:51Z 3rd post of my progress with this, i think it's starting to sound a little better. Genre Drum & Bass Comment by Adventure Dimension sick 2012/11/18 21:02:24 +0000 Comment by JIKES. killin it! :D 2012/03/29 02:46:09 +0000 Comment by JIKES. bat is sick!! :D 2012/03/29 02:46:04 +0000 Comment by JIKES. sick sick sick :))) 2012/03/29 02:45:55 +0000 Comment by synthesesia likein the percussion 2012/03/27 23:37:03 +0000 Comment by Blue Dolphin RS Hi bro¡¡¡ We are starting a new project on Facebook, "Progressive life" you can join here and post your tracks so that more people can listen and follow you. http://www.facebook.com/pages/Progressive-Life-by-Blue-Dolphin/284099311659192 Just give "like" to page and share your tracks. Thanks bro. 2012/03/26 21:13:44 +0000