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There is a minute in the last scene of the engrossing narrative arrangement The Night Bus (Channel 4) that aggregates up why it would never fully be what it needed to be. A French couple on the top deck speak stealthily about the way that they are on camera and envision what it would be similar to if the producers deciphered their discussion utilizing subtitles. The man even shows where on the TV screen they may go, indicating at the space just before his mid-section. What's more, obviously, subtitles show up precisely there.
This level of mindfulness renders the watchful gear of a few London busses with inconspicuous remote cameras pointless. Probably, every traveler who ventures on board is cautioned they are being recorded and approached to sign a discharge structure for utilization of their picture. You should have had a full-sized group on every deck complete with lights, blast mic and yards of link.


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Gone are the life when telephones were the right of lone the bosses. Now both good joint venture provides telephones to all their executives. These twilled phones are desk phones which are commonly situated in the pursue station of the employees neighboring wherever they sit. The enforcement telephones are loaded in features which makes the tough grind of workforce smooth, fast, posh and importantly rationalized.
Telephones are specifically required for income social unit or the merchandising momentum in your business establishment. They call for to be in touch with the clients on a proportioned foundation. Also it is intensely prominent to have a settled cipher where on earth the clients can ring up or start out a phone call for the introduction human being.
Telephones are extremely practical when it comes to be in unending touch. For example, normally clients like only one element of experience for their project, who is soluble for all kinds of comings and goings going on for the projects in questioning. If one of your clientele wishes to discuss to the cause manual labour the portfolio, consequently one superior cellular phone amount for the member of staff would be set to
- client will be able to directly call for the association point
- no one else, unknown to the client, would be respondent the call
- client would not have to dawdle plough up the spot on cause comes on line
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subset: commoncrawl


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Eugene Kaspersky, co-founder and CEO of Moscow, Russia-based Kaspersky Lab, has made Kaspersky antivirus software a well-regarded product in Russia, Europe and North America. Kaspersky believes, as do several other technologists, that some day in the not too distance future many employees will routinely carry and make use of two sets of computing devices -- one for company use, the other for personal use. He explains why in this Technology Live Q&A.
TL: Cyberattacks, especially so-called advanced persistent threats that drill deep into corporate systems, continue to accelerate. How come?
Kaspersky: Unfortunatly for enterprises, the bad guys behind Stuxnet and DigiNotar and other such cyberattacks are extremely professional. They devote time and resources to what they're doing, making them extremely difficult to stop.
TL: What should the good guys be doing?
Kaspersky: Enterprise networks need to be redesigned to where the digital certificate is just one layer. They need much more strict rules about who can get access to internal systems and they need to consider switching off access to certain assets.
TL: Security vendors have been preaching these same best practices for years. What's different today?
Kaspersky: Today there are so many more attacks than even just two years ago. Companies are getting compromised everywhere, in the United States, Europe and Japan. Thousands of corporations have been attacked in Russia, so now Russia has finally joined the club of victims.
TL: So what's next?
Kaspersky: We are now in a much bigger arms race. Enterprises will pay more attention to security and have stricter rules for security systems. The bad guys won't stop. They'll invest more into new attack technologies. It's a new level of the arms race.
TL: What does this mean for employees who bring their personal touch tablets and smartphones to work, and spend time during the workday on Facebook and other social networks?
Kaspersky: I'm afraid there's going to be no more freedom for social network use in certain kinds of strict work environments. Instant messaging and e-mail for personal use needs to be limited. Employees will have a front line computer, with full access, but any personal-use devices mst be disconnected from the corporate environment.
TL: Doesn't that scenario run counter to the rising popularity of cool mobile devices and our increasing reliance on Web apps and cloud services?
Kaspersky: Yes, it is a big step. But for critical environments, very, very strict rules are needed. It is the only way to fight effectively with the bad guys. Enterprises don't need to be paranoid. But they must pay attention to security and understand the different scenarios of how the bad guys can get in. They need to understand how much damage can be caused. Risk management must be much more strict.
Technology Live covers computers, electronics, and the Internet, with a focus on cutting-edge technology that has a real impact on your life. Our reporters and editors -- based in San Francisco, Los Angeles, Seattle, New York, and Washington – offer news and tips to help you make the most of your digital domain. More about the team
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Nudes from without
by Anton Volkov
About the Book
7×7 inches (18×18 centimeters),
223 black&white images at 160 pages.
Pure art! Perfect gift ;)
Features & Details
- Category Arts & Photography
Small Square, 7×7 in, 18×18 cm
160 Pages
- Softcover: 9781364368036
- Hardcover, ImageWrap: 9781364368029
- Publish Date Apr 15, 2012
- Tags perfect gift, fine art nude, amateur, young, women, teens, location, portrait, torso, face, hands, legs, nipple, pussy, breast, woman, body, female, extreme, color, true, beauty, outdoor, indoor, studio, nature, tempting, sensual, intimate, sexy, girls, model, sex, nude, erotic, naked, black&white, photo, photograph
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Doctor insights on:
Blood Test Gfr Est
What is the meaning of the following blood test results creatinine from 1.67 down to 0.83. Ast(sgot) 50, bun creat ratio 22.00, est GFR less than 60?
Kidney and Liver T: Egfr (normal >60), creatinine, bun/cr ratio are all lab values to suggest how the kidney function is, ast is an enzyme secreted by the liver, if its elevated there is something wrong with the liver (it varies from mild to severe). Check with your doctor or mentor about the normal values and the abnormal ones. ...Read more
My son is 18 had blood test done his est 85 he drinks 3 times a month an takes advil (ibuprofen) for sholder pain should he be worried about the test?
Clarify question : do you mean ESR lab test or AST lab test? Alcohol use at his age should be discouraged. Please clarify your question, or have a live consult via HealthTap. Also, how often does he take Advil (ibuprofen) and why is he having frequent shoulder pain? ...Read more
I had a blood test done it indicated high bun and creatine levels what causes this and what should I do my creatine readings were bun 14 creatine 1.5 and est creatine 46 what should I do I also have high blood pressure and im on noravas 10 mg lisinopril
High creatinine: You need to see a nephrologist (n) and have a 24 hour urine for creatinine clearance and protein done. This will give you an acutal measure of your kidney function. If you have proteinuria (p), you will need to be started on either an ace-i or an arb to reduce your BP and p. You should also have a renal ultrasound done. You may need another agent to control your bp. See a n for more answers. ...Read moreSee 1 more doctor answer
Please explain what a high level of GFR is in a blood test. ?
Ignore it: The "gfr" given on lab sheets these days is a subscientific estimate of the rate at which water passes from blood into the the filtrate that will become urine. For a healthy person, the "gfr estimate" is not helpful. It ignores variability in body musculature, how much protein you have eaten recently, and other factors. ...Read moreSee 1 more doctor answer
Should i be worried that i consistently test in low 80s on GFR blood test? Is there anything I should do?
See a Nephrologist: It is important to check if there is any significant proteinuria and/or hematuria; also to note any risk factors for chronic kidney disease like hypertension, diabetes, chronic nsaids use or others. Probably best to see a nephrologist. ...Read moreSee 1 more doctor answer
Can GFR be low if i has not had a drink of for about 14 hrs before the blood test? Result=85.1ml/min/1.73 m2 thx
GFR and dehydration: You can have a low GFR due to dehydration and the figure of 85 ml/min is an estimated gfr. You did not mention your bun, sodium, chloride or creatinine and that would have been helpful in determining if you were really dehydrated. Ask your doctor to order a 24 hour urine for creatinine clearance and protein and that will tell you exactly what your GFR is, actually not estimated. ...Read more
I had a blood test done & results: AKI warning grade 1. Creatinine 107 umol/L. Estimated GFR 55 'consistent with CKD stage 3A. What does this mean?
Kidney dysfunction: The kidney filters blood in order to draw out waste/urine. Your GFR (glomerular filtration rate) is a bit low, but not urgently low. Whether this is an acute (aki) or chronic (ckd) problem depends more upon you medical history and the original indication for obtaining this test. The physician who ordered it is better equipped to make an interpretation beyond this level. ...Read more
How will i know what does afn amer glomerular filtration rate in a blood test stand for?
Afn amer GFR: "afn amer glomerular filtration rate", stands for african american gfr. African-americans have more muscle mass than whites. Due to this, they have a different estimated GFR than whites with the same level of creatinine and the same age, sex and weight. See your nephrologist for more details. ...Read moreSee 1 more doctor answer
My blood test paperwork says GFR is 85.1ml/min/1.73 m2. Is this normal? The lab paperwork says chronic kidney disease?
Maybe: For the past decade there has been a fad to estimate GFR subscientifically from a spot blood creatinine, making every well-muscled man a "chronic kidney disease" case. The pathologists and nephrologists who have no use for cookbook medicine are unhappy about this. Talk with your physician about what's really happening. ...Read more
Blood test show creatinine @ 1.13/GFR 58L; was on norvasc/spironolactone/metoprolol 1yr w/no BP improve;cut spiro and meto;now take Norvasc (amlodipine) 5mg 2x day; BP117/74. Change of meds cause creat to rise?
Creatine: You did not say what it was previously and creatinine is subject to modest changes. This value is still within a normal range so not too much to worry about. If you are concerned have it checked again in 2 weeks to a month on new meds. ...Read moreSee 1 more doctor answer
- Talk to a doctor live online for free
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America's number one brand of diaper. Keep your baby dry, comfortable and protected with Huggies® diapers. Features unbeatable LeakLockTM protection, a pad that absorbs fluids evenly, and a breathable soft cloth like outer cover. Soft comfortable wrap around waistband delivers a great fit. Huggies--the brand you can depend on.
Average Price: $32.99
These diapers have been very dependable. My son can sleep for up to 12 hours a night and always takes his water with him to bed, so his diaper is always very full in the morning, but the Huggies do not leak. They are great. Not only are they great for overnight but I love the fact that they are scent free. One day when I ran out of Huggies and there wasn't anything else on the drugstore shelves I purchased a package of Pampers and the overwhelming perfume smell that came out when I opened the bag was incredible, and not in a good way. I will always stick with Huggies.
These reviews are the subjective opinions of ChickAdvisor members and not of ChickAdvisor Inc.


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Stone Chart
Simulated Birthstone Graduation Disc Pendant in Sterling Silver (1 Stone)
Item# 20034570
Celebrate her milestone accomplishment with this customized graduation pendant. Crafted in satin-finished sterling silver, this disc-shaped style features a mortar board and diploma design complemented by the bezel-set 3mm simulated birthstone of your choice. Polished to a bright shine, this pendant suspends along an 18-inch cable chain that secures with a spring-ring clasp. View product details
Typographic errors are subject to correction. Merchandise enlarged to show detail and may not always be exactly as pictured. Promotions, prices, styles and availability may vary by store and online.


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Each month, Rated People connects over 50,000 homeowners with quality tradesmen - simply enter your job details in the form above to get started.
We'll match your job to the relevant tradesmen in your area - those interested will pay to see your contact details and call you to quote.
As each tradesman expresses interest in quoting on your job, we'll send you their profile and ratings to help you choose the right one for you.
After the work is complete, return to the site and rate your tradesman based on their quality of work, reliability and value for money.
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Excellent worker. Certainly knows his trade. Answered any questions I had straight away. Very cheerful man. Clean, very efficient worker who had my comfort and my wife's in mind at all times. I would give him 10/10 and certainly recommend him to anybody.
Managing your job is easier with the Rated People Homes App, download it today.


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"A ship was attacked and lost all the cargo in the enemy's territory&a
Use this security logo:
Freeware is computer software that is available for use at no cost or for an optional fee.
Tutorial not found. Let know us about any useful video tutorial.
ship, astronauts, action, energy, attack, enemy, fire, planet, space, explosion, territory, lost, target, stars, cargo
New Release


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Saturday 29 March 1997
It was Saturday, under the sign of Aries. The US president was Bill Clinton (Democratic).
In that special week of March people in US were listening to Can't Nobody Hold Me Down by Puff Daddy.
In UK Don't Speak by No Doubt was in the top 5 hits.
Liar Liar, directed by Tom Shadyac, was one of the most viewed movies released in 1997
while The Partner by John Grisham was one of the best selling books.
On TV people were watching Zoo TV: The Television Series.
If you liked videogames you were probably playing Carmen Sandiego Word Detective or Turok.
But much more happened that day: find out below..
You can also have a look at the whole 1997 or at March 29 across the years.
Old Newspapers
Have a look at the old newspapers from 29 March 1997 and get them!
Which were the most popular movies released in the last months ?
TV Series
Which were the most popular TV series released in the last months ?
Find out your future
Get a FREE Numerology report based on the digits of 29 March 1997!
Wish him/her..
Historical Events
Which were the important events of 29 March 1997 ?
- St. Bertold (d.1179)
- Blessed Hugo (d.1239)
- St. Ludolf of Ratzeburg (d.1250)
- St. Eustace
- Memorial day and commemoration of the 1947 revolt against French colonisation in Madagascar
- Youth Day in Taiwan
- Festival of Ishtar.
- St. Jonas (d. 327)
Famous Birthdays:See famous people born on 29 March
Famous Deaths:
- Eddie Ryder: Actor (Slick Jones- General Hospital), dies at 74.
- Ellen Clara Pollock: Actress (Wicked Lady, Fake), dies at 94.
- 1st game at Turner Field Atlanta, Braves beats Yanks 2-0 (exhibition)
- Actor Harry Hamlin weds actress Lisa Rinna
- PBA National Championship Won by Rick Steelsmith.
Music Charts
Which were the top hits in that special week of March 1997 ?
Top #10 songs in the USA
Search For Your Ancestors
Subscribe to our Newsletter
Don't miss our monthly news, no spam guarantee Click here to Subscribe
...and if 29 March 1997 was your Birth Date then Join our Birthday Club!
Make this date unforgettable
Genealogy: find out your family heritage
Magazine Covers
What news were making the headlines those days in March 1997?
- EW: Entertainment Weekly: no.372
- Time: TIME Magazine Cover: Does Heaven Exist? -- Mar. 24, 1997
- SportsIllustrated: Sports Illustrated: no.9579
Which were the most popular books released in the last weeks ?
Remember when
What videogames would you be playing back in the days ?


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Mr. Skin likes an actress who begins her career with Il Sole nella pelle (1971), an Italian film that is know in Britain as Sun on the Skin. Nice imagery. But Stella Carnacina's skin wasn't seen under the sun or the moon until The Eerie Midnight Horror Show (1974), when her dress is ripped off and her lovely pizza ass and meatballs are at last exposed. Next Stella joined Erika Blanc in Bello come un arcangelo (1974), a farcical tale with plenty of tail thanks to the aforementioned hotties....Join Mr. Skin for the full bio >>
Bello come un arcangelo (1974) - as NA
The Eerie Midnight Horror Show (1974) - as Danila, the possessed one


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Gift Premium Subscription To jaygibson
Join Date:02-28-2009
Last Activity:08-09-2011 5:08 PM
Posted in thread: New from Arkansas on 03-11-2009 at 09:03 PM
Welcome, good to have you.Jay www.TacticalResponse>com
Posted in thread: Hey ;) on 03-05-2009 at 11:42 PM
Hey Brittany,Welcome! How are things?Jay
Posted in thread: Need help choosing primary CCW pistol for wife. on 03-04-2009 at 02:23 AM
Ironhorse,If you dont mind me asking, which state are you in?Jay
Posted in thread: glock vs xd vs beretta on 03-02-2009 at 10:51 PM
That is too bad. If you sent it to Glock i wonder if they would swap it out.Sometimes if it is
a used gun thats had a ton of crazy hot handloads through it might explain it.Jay
Posted in thread: Need help choosing primary CCW pistol for wife. on 03-02-2009 at 10:46 PM
She may be better off talking with other women on this topic. If i may suggest Groupee Login in
the womens self defense forum. Hope it helps.Jay
Posted in thread: glock vs xd vs beretta on 03-02-2009 at 05:45 PM
You can keep the Glock pistols, though. I have given them a fair chance, and they have failed
on an epic scale Sorry I am late, how did it it/they fail?The XDs in 9mm i have seen all run
fine. The oth...
Posted in thread: Need some opions for long range rifle. on 03-02-2009 at 05:33 PM
The Savage is an excellent choice, if you are on a budget like most of us. The rest of your
money being better spent on optics, good ammo, and training.Jay
Posted in thread: Story's of my 3 home invasions on 03-01-2009 at 05:28 PM
Sorry i am a bit late,Brother, those dudes were watching you way early on. They have been in
your business, knew you had money, then follwed you home and waited.I say this since you plan
on opening yo...
Posted in thread: New guy on 03-01-2009 at 05:15 PM
Thanks everybody!Jay
Posted in thread: Another Newbie on 03-01-2009 at 05:14 PM


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1 800 103 2581
Stop following?
- November 26, 2013
Replies (1)
Hello Mrigna,
Scholarships are generally Merit based and not Need based. IELTS is just English proficiency requirement. You have a good IELTS score. Scholarship will depend on your overall profile, your academic, etc.
Further cost will vary depend upon which country you wish to apply. I guess Malaysia, Singapore, etc will serve you better with your limited budget.
Alternatively, you could think of immigration if you qualify for the same.
Best regards,
Richard Lasrado, Education Abroad Counselling Centre, Mumbai, India
- December 04, 2013
- Flag as inappropriate
- Vote Up (0)
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text:
China's rapid rebuilding effort has produced mountains of debris as old cities are replaced with gleaming new metropolises. Illegal dumping is coming under fire as it gets more and more difficult to conceal the evidence.
The New York Times
Celebrate where you came from or where you're going with city t-shirts, jewelry, and neckwear.


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Kim Kardashian and JWoww Both Shared Makeup-free Selfies for Very Different Reasons
Kim Kardashian and new mom Jenni 'JWoww' Farley shared some brand new makeup-free selfies.Because once in a while its necessary to shut haters up and other times you just want to be,
Jenni's came first, on Friday, in direct response to a story on Radar Online alleging the former Jersey Shore star has had work done to her face.
Captioned "Very flattered radar online that u think I had all that work done but I'm just a plain jane mom with wrinkles without makeup… But kudos to u and ur site awesome material… Very riveting," the photo is dripping with just the right amount of sarcasm to make JWoww's point.
Kim's latest photo went online Saturday, adding to her impressive collection of selfies while showing her fans that even she enjoys a "No make up kinda weekend."
Long story short, we happen to think that both ladies look gorgeous whether they're wearing makeup or not. #sorrynotsorry


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- {{matchup.date.fullday}}{{matchup.date.month + ' ' + matchup.date.day}}
Louisiana Tech Defeats Lamar 27-14 - Recap
Tevin King ran for 182 yards as Louisiana Tech handled Lamar by a score of 27-14 on Saturday at Joe Aillet Stadium.
Bettors who backed the Bulldogs were disappointed, as they failed to cover the closing number of 28.5. Over-Under bettors saw the total score go UNDER the closing total of 63.5.
Scotty Young completed 22 of 32 pass attempts for 166 yards for the Bulldogs in the win. He did not throw an interception in the game.
Payton Ploch rushed for 46 yards for Lamar, while Kade Harrington added 42 yards. Caleb Berry threw for 272 yards for the Cardinals, while receivers Jordan Edwards and Kade Harrington had 119 and 34 yards respectively.
Louisiana Tech outgained Lamar 439-362 yards in the game, while the battle of first downs was won 21-18 by the Cardinals.
Louisiana Tech lost the time of possession battle 30:54/29:06, leaving their defense on the field more than they wanted.
Louisiana Tech looks to continue their winning ways next game with a battle against Tulane. Lamar will aim to get back on the winning track at Oklahoma State.


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Corbin Fisher works with a lot of straight guys and he says that convincing these guys to take a dick up their ass is a time-consuming process that often ends with a lot of guys just disappearing. Even having other straight guys who have been fucked saying that the sensation is amazing doesn't often help. So finding a straight guy who is willing to take two dicks up his ass is an awesome thing.
And this week Scott is doing just that. This 21-year-old started filming with Corbin Fisher in August of last year, and he's done 10 suck and fuck videos for the site; this threeway, double-penetration scene is his twelfth. (Why does "twelfth" have an "F" in it when you don't even pronounce it? English is weird sometimes.)
Scott wasn't sure he could take two dicks up his ass, but pairing him up with Connor and Sean, two of Corbin Fisher's alumni, seemed to put him at ease. The guys warm up Scott and spit roast him. And once Scott figures he's ready Sean lies down on the bed and Scott climbs on top in a reverse cowgirl I guess it's called. Once he's got Sean's dick inside him, Scott lies back on top of Scott and Connor slides in, holds up Scott's legs, and slides his cock into Scott's already-filled hole! "Yeah, stretch that asshole," Scott says.
And it seems that he likes this double penetration thing a lot because Scott turns around and sits on Sean's cock again and Connor puts his dick back in. Scott wants to end the scene with his double pen buddies cumming on him, so they do. You've gotta love guys who are willing to explore new hot stuff.


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California Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger blew the big secret that Tesla has been trying to keep under wraps today: the fledgling automaker is going to partner with Toyota to make an electric car in the Golden State.
Says the San Francisco Chronicle:
The governor is scheduled to attend a "major announcement" with Tesla executives later this afternoon, but said at an unrelated event at Google earlier today that the two companies would begin working together.
The collaboration could help Toyota mend its black eye in the San Francisco Bay area that it gained for pulling out of the joint manufacturing operation, New United Motor Manufacturing, or NUMMI, that it had with General Motors. It employed more than 4,000 in Fremont, Calif. The plant made Corollas until it pulled the plug. The Associated Press says the electric vehicles will be built at the NUMMI plant.
But it's kind of an odd move for Toyota:
Toyota has advanced lithium-ion battery operations in Japan and has always dissed some of the battery efforts elsewhere in the industry. It has never shown a particularily high regard in the past for Tesla's approach, which involves bundling laptop computer batteries together into powerful packs. But it looks like the approach is working, given the increasing number of electric Roadsters that Tesla is selling.
The announcement isn't being made until 8 p.m. ET, a numbskull move that we suspect was driven by the governor's schedule. However, it will help Toyota smother some of the bad press from another airing of its safety fiasco on Capitol Hill today when it comes to dinnertime news casts in California.
Chris Woodyard is an auto writer for USA TODAY who covers all aspects of motoring. He revels in the exhaust note of a Maserati and the sharp creases of a Cadillac CTS. Chris strives to live a Porsche life on a Scion budget. More about Chris


text:
Digital Face Makeup by Example
- Liliana Armstrong
- 2 years ago
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1 Digital Face Makeup by Example Dong Guo and Terence Sim School of Computing National University of Singapore Singapore, Abstract This paper introduces an approach of creating face makeup upon a face image with another image as the style example. Our approach is analogous to physical makeup, as we modify the color and skin detail while preserving the face structure. More precisely, we first decompose the two images into three layers: face structure layer, skin detail layer, and color layer. Thereafter, we transfer information from each layer of one image to corresponding layer of the other image. One major advantage of the proposed method lies in that only one example image is required. This renders face makeup by example very convenient and practical. Equally, this enables some additional interesting applications, such as applying makeup by a portraiture. The experiment results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach in faithfully transferring makeup. 1. Introduction Face makeup is a technique to change one s appearance with special cosmetics such as foundation, powder, cream etc. In most cases, especially for females, makeup is used to enhance one s appearance. With physical face makeup, the foundation and loose powder are usually used to change the texture of face s skin. Foundation is mainly used to conceal flaws and cover the original skin texture, while the loose powder is for introducing new, usually pleasant, texture to skin. Afterwards, applications of other color makeup, such as rouge, eye liner and shadow, etc., follow on top of the powder. Consider this scenario: when a customer enters a beauty salon, she selects an example image from a catalog and tells the makeup artist to apply the same makeup on her. Before actual task, it would be extremely helpful if she can preview the makeup effects on her own face. However, this is difficult. Traditionally, people have two choices for trying out makeup. One is to physically apply the makeup, which (a) (b) Figure 1. Face makeup by example. (a) A subject image, taken by a common user. (b) An example style image, taken from a professional makeup book [9]. (c) The result of our approach, where foundation effect, eye shadow, and lip highlight in (b) are successfully transferred to (a). is time-consuming and requires the patience of the participants. Alternatively, one may try on makeup digitally by way of digital photography and with the help of photo editing software, such as Adobe Photoshop TM. But using such photo editing software is tedious and relies heavily on the users expertise and effort. In this paper, we present an approach of creating makeup upon a face image (Fig. 1(a)) with the prototype of another image (Fig. 1(b)) as the style example. This is very practical in the scenario of the beauty salon. Our approach is inspired by the process of physical makeup. First, we decompose the subject and example images into three layers separately: face structure layer, skin detail layer, and color layer. Ideally, the face structure layer contains only the structure of every face component, such (c)
2 as the eyes, nose, mouth, etc. The skin detail layer contains the skin texture, including flaws, moles, as well as any wrinkles. The color layer represents color alone. After the three layers are decomposed, face makeup by example can be considered as transferring the skin detail layer and color layer from the makeup example to the subject image while preserving the face structure layer of the subject image. Contribution. Our proposed approach is effective in transferring face makeup from an example image. This significantly reduces the effort for previewing makeup effects using traditional methods. Moreover, only one single example image is required. This renders face makeup by example much more convenient and practical, compared to previous work which usually requires a pair of before - after makeup images as examples. 2. Related Work There is not much previous work addressing digital face makeup. The most closely related work is that of Tong et al. [15]. In their work, the way makeup changes the appearance is learned from a pair of example images of the same face before and after makeup. The quotient of the after divided by the before is used to represent the change. Then the quotient is multiplied by another image in order to achieve the makeup result. In contrast, our approach requires only one after example. This is more convenient and practical, as providing the before image is rather difficult in most cases. In addition, it is quite common in the makeup to change the texture of face skin (conceal the original and introduce new one). Because the original texture varies from person to person, the change from before to after is different between different faces. Thus, it is inappropriate to apply the change across two faces. In contrast, our approach directly transfer the skin texture of the example to the subject image, concealing the original texture. Note that our approach can also keep the texture of the subject image if needed. Another approach by Ojima et al. [10] also uses a pair of before - after makeup examples. However, only the foundation effect is addressed in their work. In contrast, Tsumura et al. [16] employed a physical model to extract hemoglobin and melanin components. Changes in facial appearance are simulated by adjusting the amount of hemoglobin and melanin. The effects they demonstrated include tanning, reddening due to alcohol consumption, aging and cosmetic effects. However, the cosmetic effects are quite limited, and are much simpler than real makeup. Besides, an online commercial software, Taaz [13], provides users with virtual makeup on face photos by simulating the effects of specified cosmetics. Besides makeup, some existing works also focus on the beautification of face photos. For example, Brand and Pletscher [2] proposed an automatic face photo retouching method aiming to detect and remove flaws, moles, and acne from faces. Another interesting work by Leyvand et al. [6] introduced a technique of modifying face structure to enhance the attractiveness. However, this may also change the identity of the subject, as face structure is usually considered to be a key representation of identity. Conversely, we achieve the goal of beautification by modifying only skin detail and the color, while faithfully preserving the face structure. The idea of image processing by example can be found in image analogies [5]. Image analogies provide a general framework of rendering an image in different styles. This method learns how pixel values change from a pair of before - after images as example. This idea was used in Tong et al. s work [15]. As mentioned earlier, the difference is that our approach learns the effects after alteration, while their approach learns the way of altering image pixels. Our method can also be considered as texture and color transfer. Some previous work on texture transfer is also related. Shan et al. [12] proposed a method to transfer the texture across two images. Their method of transferring fine texture is similar to ours in spirit. They used the quotient of the original image and a Gaussian smoothed version of the image to represent the texture. The quotient is multiplied to the smoothed version of another image. This is similar to our layer decomposition. However, there are many differences. First, the Gaussian blur they used may produce halo effect at the strong edges. In contrast, we use an edgepreserving smooth [4] to separate the layers, which successfully suppresses the halo effects. Moreover, they only focus on texture transfer; but it is also important to keep color consistent. We separately transfer the skin detail in lightness channel and color in color channel. In addition, they focused on transferring texture, while our goal is to transfer makeup effect, which is more complex. 3. Digital Makeup The input of our approach are, a subject image I, a face image to be applied with makeup, and an example image E, providing makeup example. The output is result image R, in which the face structure of I is retained while the makeup style from E is applied. The workflow of our approach is illustrated in Fig. 2. There are four main steps. First, face alignment should be done between the subject and example images. Because the information is transferred pixel by pixel, a fully alignment is necessary before transferring. Followed is layer decomposition (Section 3.2). Both I and E are decomposed into three layers: face structure layer, skin detail layer, and the color layer. Third, information from each layer of E is transferred to corresponding layer of I in different fashions: skin detail is transferred in an additive way (Section 3.3); color is transferred by alpha blending (Section 3.4); highlight and
3 Subject Face Structure Skin Detail Color Results I I s I d I c R s Example W + α a b R d R E E s E d E c R c a b a b Figure 2. The workflow of our approach. W denotes warping. denotes gradient editing. + denotes weighted addition. α denotes alpha blending. In this figure, the value of skin detail layer, i.e. I d and E d, is exaggerated 4 times for better visualization. Our approach consists of four main steps: face alignment, layer decomposition, makeup transferring, and layer composition. shading effects in face structure layer are transferred in the way of gradient editing (Section 3.5). Finally, three resultant layers are composed together Face alignment For face alignment, we adopt the Thin Plate Spline (TPS) [1] to warp the example image E to subject image I. The control points required by TPS are obtained using an extended Active Shape Model (ASM) [8]. Due to the diversity of face appearance under various possible makeup, ASM may not get the accurate position of points. Our system may still require user to refine the position of control points. Since the control points have been roughly located already, the refinement does not require much effort. It usually takes less than 1 minute to refine the control points for a face. An example of refined control points is shown in Fig. 3(a). There are 83 points in total on a face. As shown in Fig. 3(b), these control points have defined different face components, viz eyebrows, eyes, nose, nostrils, lips, mouth cavity (the space between lips), and other facial skin (the rest of the face). These components are further divided into three classes to be treated in different ways during makeup. These three classes (C 1 C 3 ) are illustrated in different colors in Fig. 3(b). C 1 (the skin region, the entire face excluding C 2 and C 3 ) follows the workflow illustrated in Fig. 2. Since the texture of C 2 (lips) varies greatly from person to person and the region of C 2 is easy to deform, we use a special method to transfer the makeup style in this region (discussed in Section 3.6). C 3 (eyes and mouth cavity) is kept untouched all the time during entire makeup process Layer decomposition The subject image I and example image E (after warping) are first decomposed into color and lightness layers. We then further decompose the lightness layer into face structure and skin detail layers. In the first step, I and E are decomposed into color and lightness layers by converting them to CIELAB colorspace. The L channel is considered as lightness layer and a, b channel the color layer. We choose the CIELAB colorspace because it performs better than other color spaces in separating lightness from color [17], and it is approximately perceptually uniform [7]. Second, the lightness layer is decomposed to large-scale and detail layers. The large-scale layer is considered as the face structure layer and the detail layer as skin detail layer. Large-scale/detail layer decomposition has been addressed in many works, such as [3] and [19]. The main idea is first to perform an edge-preserving smoothing on the lightness layer to obtain the large scale layer, and then to subtract (or divide) the large scale layer from the lightness layer to obtain the detail layer. In this approach, we adapt a weightedleast-squares (WLS) operator recently proposed by Farbman et al. [4]. An alternative method is bilateral filtering [14], which was used in many previous works. We choose this WLS operator because of its better performance compared to the bilateral filter, especially when the blur level
4 from lightness layer l, i.e. d(p) = l(p) s(p). (4) (a) (b) (c) (d) Figure 3. (a) Control points on a face. (b) Facial components defined by control points in (a), including eyebrows, eyes, nose, nostrils, lips, mouth cavity, and other facial skin, which are further divided into three classes, blue as C 1, red as C 2, and green as C 3. (c) Unsmoothed version of β value. (d) Illustration of β value defined by Eq. (3), brighter pixel denoting higher β value. increases. Suppose that the lightness layer and the face structure texture layer are denoted by l and s, respectively. The problem of solving s can be formulated as minimization of the energy function: E = s l 2 + λh( s, l). (1) The first term s l 2 is to keep s similar to l, while the regularization term H( s, l) is trying to make s as smooth as possible. The WLS operator described in [4] performs the same level of smoothing all over the image; but we expect different levels of smoothness in different regions. Thus, a spatial-variant coefficient β is added to H. Then H is defined as H( s, l) = ( sx(p) 2 ) β(p) l p x(p) α + ɛ + sy(p) 2 l y(p) α, (2) + ɛ where p indexes the image pixel, ɛ is a small constant preventing division by zero, {.} x and {.} y denote the partial derivative of {.} along x and y coordinates respectively, while α is a coefficient for adjusting the effect of l on s. We use α = 1.2 and λ = 0.2 in all our experiments. We expect that β(p) is low inside the facial components, and equal to 1 over the skin area. As shown in Fig. 3(c), β(p) is 0.3 in the eyebrow region, 0 in other facial component region, and 1 in facial skin. In addition, we also expect β(p) changes smoothly over the whole image. Thus, we further define β(p) as ( (q p) β(p) = min 1 k(q) e 2 ) 2σ 2, (3) q where q indexes the pixel over the image. k(q) is 0.7 for eyebrows, 0 for skin area, 1 for other facial components. The value of σ 2 is set to min(height, width)/25. Then, we have β(p) as shown in Fig. 3(d). Since the L channel is approximately perceptually uniform, we use subtraction to obtain the skin detail layer d Two examples of our decomposition results are shown in Fig. 2. We can see that detail is controlled well by β(p). Because β is zero in the eyes and mouth regions and outside the facial region, the skin detail layer there is zero. In the rest of the paper, we will use {.} s, {.} d, {.} c to denote {.} s the face structure layer, skin detail layer, and color layer, respectively Skin detail transfer Skin detail transfer is straightforward. The resultant skin detail layer R d is a weighted sum of I d and E d, i.e. R d = δ I I d + δ E E d, (5) where 0 δ I, δ E 1. The values of δ I and δ E control the contribution of each component. For different applications, different δ I and δ E values can be used. As we mentioned in Section 1, the purpose of foundation and loose powder in physical makeup is to conceal the original skin detail and to introduce new skin detail. Thus, we set δ I = 0 to conceal I d, and δ E = 1 to transfer E d to R d. This is a typical setting for beauty makeup transfer. It is used in all our experiment results except the ones showing different manipulation of makeup effects (Fig. 4). In some cases, we can also set δ I > 0 to keep some original skin detail. Note that the sum of two weights is not required to be 1 because R d can come from any amount of I d or E d. In addition, the sum should not be very small, otherwise the face in result image R would be not realistic due to lack of skin detail Color transfer The resultant color layer R c is an alpha-blending of color layers of I and E, i.e. { (1 γ)ic (p) + γe R c (p) = c (p) p C 3 I c (p) otherwise. (6) The value of γ is to control blending effect of two color layers. The result in Fig. 1 is obtained with γ = Highlight and shading transfer The highlight and shading effects of makeup lie in the L channel. Because the face structure layer is actually the large scale layer of L channel, the smooth change of the highlight and shading effects remain in the face structure layer. Since these effects are important for makeup, we should transfer them across this layer. Because face structure layer contains identity information, we can neither directly copy E s over I s nor blend
5 them. Instead, we adapt a gradient-based editing method. The idea is to add only large changes of E s to I s. Doing this, we assume that these changes are due to makeup. This assumption holds if the illumination of E is approximately uniform. Gradient-based editing can preserve the illumination of I, transfer the highlight and shading effects, and meanwhile yield smooth result. Editing an image in the gradient domain was introduced by Pérez et al. [11] and was employed in many later works. The gradient-based method used here is similar. The gradient of R s is defined as { Es(p) if β(p) E R s(p) = s(p) > I s(p). (7) I s(p) otherwise Since only the gradient of the face region (C 3 ) is changed (but not its boundary nor regions outside C 3 ), the process of solving the resultant face structure layer R s from its gradient is equivalent to solving a Poisson equation with Dirichlet boundary condition. We use the Gauss-Seidel method with successive over-relaxation to solve the Poisson equation Lip makeup The makeup effect of lip region (C 2 ) is quite different from that of face skin (C 1 ). In physical makeup, cosmetics on lips (e.g. lipstick) usually preserve or highlight the texture of lips, rather than conceal it as in face skin. Thus, lips region makeup needs to be treated in a different way. The main idea is to fill each pixel of R with pixel value from E guided by I. Then the makeup effect is similar to E and the texture is similar to I. Specifically, for each pixel p in I, we search for a pixel q in E so that E(q) and I(p) are as similar as possible, while q and p are as close as possible. Suppose that lip region after makeup is denoted by M. For each p C 2, we have where M(p) = E( q), (8) q = arg max q C 2 {G( q p )G( E(q) I(p) )} (9) where G(.) denotes Gaussian function. For E(q) I(p), we use the difference of pixel values in only L channel after histogram equalization of E and I separately. The makeup result of lips region M is then merged to result image R. The L channel of M is added to L channel of R with a gradient replacement. The a, b channel of M replace corresponding region in R. 4. Experiments and Results Beauty makeup: Our approach can manipulate makeup effect in various ways. In case of heavy foundation where (a) Figure 4. Manipulation of makeup effects. (a) Light foundation effect. (b) Light color effect. the foundation covers the original skin, we use δ I = 0, δ E = 1 to transfer all skin detail from E to I. An example of result is shown in Fig. 1(c). To simulate light foundation effect, we use δ I = 1, δ E = 0 to keep original skin detail. An example is Fig. 4(a). Adjusting δ I, δ E can simulate different level of foundation effect. For a good result of concealing the skin detail of I, it is required that the skin detail of E should be only due to makeup, i.e. E should have heavy foundation (usually also with loose powder); otherwise R may contain imperfection of skin detail from E. Another manipulation is on the level of makeup color by adjusting γ. As shown in Fig. 4(b), we used γ = 0.5 for a light makeup color. A comparison of our result with that of Tong et al. is shown in Fig. 5. Note that they used an additional image as example of before makeup, which is not shown here. In contrast, we only use the after image. Our result shows vivid color and more similar makeup style to the example image. From the close-up view of the eye, we can see that our approach preserves the structure much better than theirs. Moreover, the highlight of lips in our result is successfully transferred while the texture is preserved. It is much more similar to real makeup. For skin tone, we have different representations. Our result takes the skin tone from example image, while their result keeps the original tone. As we presented before, our aim was to apply the makeup style faithfully from the example image, including color, skin detail. In the physical makeup, tone color is usually also considered to be a part of makeup. Another consideration is that color used in makeup should match the skin tone [18]; makeup transferring without skin tone may destroy the original harmony. Photo retouching: Our approach can be also used to retouch a face photo. This is almost the same as face makeup by example. We address it separately because this application itself is interesting and useful. Instead of photographs (b)
6 Example image E Subject image I Result of Tong et al. Our result Figure 5. Comparison of our result with that of Tong et al. [15]. Note that Tong et al. employed an additional before -makeup example (not shown here), unlike our method. from others, users may also provide their own previously well-taken photograph, with or without makeup, as the example for retouching. We show an example in Fig. 6. A photo (Fig. 6(a)) with makeup taken in a professional studio is provided as the example. Two other photos of the same person (Fig. 6(b) and (d)) taken by an amateur user are provided as the subject images. In the results (Fig. 6(c) and (e)), the imperfection of the face skin was concealed and pleasant face skin was introduced successfully. Makeup by portraiture: An interesting application is transferring makeup from a portraiture to a real face photo. This is similar to makeup transfer between real face photos. However, portraitures usually have non-realistic artifacts in the skin detail layer due to the drawing material, or aging and discoloration. These artifacts are not suitable for a face photo. For example, in Fig. 7, the portraiture has some noise. Transferring it makes result unnatural (Fig. 7(c)). If we restrain it by setting δ E = 0 and δ I = 1, the result becomes much better (see Fig. 7(d)). 5. Conclusion and Future Work In this paper, we have presented an approach of creating makeup upon an image with another example image as the makeup style. The main idea is simple yet powerful. Promising results have demonstrated the effectiveness of our approach. One major advantage of our approach is that only one example image is required. Limitations: The active shape model we adopt assumes that the face is frontal and upright. Our system is currently tested only with both the subject and example images being nearly frontal. But we envision that it can work well on any pose as long as the pose difference is not large between the subject and example images. One future work is to extend the approach to any pose. Currently, only one image is used as example. It would be interesting and practical to extend our current approach to multiple example images. In this case, the consistency between different makeup styles may be an issue. Since only skin detail and color are required from the example image, if we warped these information to a canonical face, the original face structure of the example image is not required any more. Doing so indeed helps to preserve the privacy of the makeup actors. Another future work is to collect more makeup examples and build up a makeup engine enabling users to browse different makeup styles with their own faces, as the previously introduced beauty salon case. 6. Acknowledgments We thank the reviewers for their valuable comments, Michael S. Brown, Xiaopeng Zhang, Ning Ye, Shaojie Zhuo, and Hao Li for their insightful discussions, as well as Wenzhe Su and Jing Sun for providing their photographs. We acknowledge the generous support of NUS.
7 (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) Figure 6. Photo retouching. (a) The example image, taken in a professional studio, provides the desired retouching result. (b)(d) Photos of the same person in (a), taken by an amateur. (c)(e) The retouching results of (b) and (d), respectively. (a) (b) (c) (d) Figure 7. Makeup by portraiture. (a) An old portraiture scan, as the example image. (b) A photo, as the subject image. (c) The makeup result with skin detail form (a). (d) The makeup result with skin detail from (b). References [1] F. Bookstein. Principal warps: Thin-plate splines and the decomposition of deformations. IEEE Trans. Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 11(6): , [2] M. Brand and P. Pletscher. A conditional random field for automatic photo editing. In Proc. CVPR, [3] E. Eisemann and F. Durand. Flash photography enhancement via intrinsic relighting. ACM Trans. Graphics, 23(3): , [4] Z. Farbman, R. Fattal, D. Lischinski, and R. Szeliski. Edgepreserving decompositions for multi-scale tone and detail manipulation. ACM Trans. Graphics, 27(3):1 10, [5] A. Hertzmann, C. E. Jacobs, N. Oliver, B. Curless, and D. H. Salesin. Image analogies. In Proc. ACM SIGGRAPH, [6] T. Leyvand, D. Cohen-Or, G. Dror, and D. Lischinski. Datadriven enhancement of facial attractiveness. ACM Trans. Graphics, 27(3):1 9, [7] R. Lukac and K. N. Plataniotis, editors. Color Image Processing: Methods and Applications. CRC Press, [8] S. Milborrow and F. Nicolls. Locating facial features with an extended active shape model. In Proc. ECCV, [9] F. Nars. Makeup your Mind. PowerHouse Books, [10] N. Ojima, K. Yoshida, O. Osanai, and S. Akasaki. Image synthesis of cosmetic applied skin based on optical properties of foundation layers. In Proceedings of International Congress of Imaging Science, pages , [11] P. Pérez, M. Gangnet, and A. Blake. Poisson image editing. ACM Trans. Graphics, 22(3): , [12] Y. Shan, Z. Liu, and Z. Zhang. Image-based surface detail transfer. In Proc. CVPR, [13] Taaz.com. [14] C. Tomasi and R. Manduchi. Bilateral filtering for gray and color images. In Proc. ICCV, [15] W.-S. Tong, C.-K. Tang, M. S. Brown, and Y.-Q. Xu. Example-based cosmetic transfer. In Proc. Pacific Conference on Computer Graphics and Applications, [16] N. Tsumura, N. Ojima, K. Sato, M. Shiraishi, H. Shimizu, H. Nabeshima, S. Akazaki, K. Hori, and Y. Miyake. Imagebased skin color and texture analysis/synthesis by extracting hemoglobin and melanin information in the skin. ACM Trans. Graphics, 22(3): , [17] A. Woodland and F. Labrosse. On the separation of luminance from colour in images. In International Conference on Vision, Video and Graphics, Edinburgh, UK, The Eurographics Association. [18] B. Yamaguchi. Billy Yamaguchi Feng Shui Beauty. Sourcebooks, Inc., [19] X. Zhang, T. Sim, and X. Miao. Enhancing photographs with near infra-red images. In Proc. CVPR, 2008.
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Voyeur : November 2010
T I CY guides NOVEMBER 143 Ching-a-Lings might be difficult to find, but it's worth the effort. The entrance to this discrete little drinking den is inconspicuous and minus any signage. Climb the stairs to discover a chilled- out vibe and a hip crowd lounging around on the verandah. Named after a New York bikie gang formed in the late '60s, the bar has an intimate yet raw setting. The decor features roughly rendered brick walls and lighting emanating from old light bulbs in cages. The unpretentious drinks menu includes longnecks of Coopers and house wines served in tumblers; not a cocktail or foam-covered dish in sight. The resident DJ dishes up a mix of hip-hop, funk and electronica beats. Where and when: Level 1, 133 Oxford Street, Darlinghurst. Open Tuesday and Wednesday from 6pm to 11pm, Thursday to Saturday from 6pm to 1am and Sunday from 5pm to 10pm. Fly to: Sydney. Price: Beers from $6. Contact: www.chingalings.com. MELBOURNE YE OLDE PUB Modelled on a traditional British pub, the Saint & Rogue Public House and Kitchen offers 12 ales on tap and modern pub fare, with cosy spaces in which to kick back and enjoy a pint or two. 582 Little Collins Street, +61 3 9620 9720. BRISBANE WELL CANVASSED Art lovers will enjoy the vintage-inspired murals and beautifully illustrated cocktail list at Canvas cocktail and wine bar, just around the corner from The Gabba. 16B Logan Road, Woolloongabba, +61 7 3891 2111. ADELAIDE PICTURE PERFECT Gallery on Waymouth is a fusion of art gallery, restaurant and bar. The walls are adorned with works by Shane Bowden (pictured), Dennis Ropar and others. There's artistry in the food too -- try the Atlantic salmon skewers. 30 Waymouth Street, +61 8 8211 8820. LAST CALL Want to revel in the city's hottest bars? Chill out at an underground venue in Sydney or drink with art lovers in Brisbane and Adelaide. SYDNEY HIDE AND SEEK SPARKLING SPA TOWN Visitors to Daylesford spa town, 90 minutes' drive north-west of Melbourne, can now taste and buy Victorian Blue Pyrenees sparkling wines from the estate's new cellar door and wine bar. Open daily from 10am to 5pm in the former Rex Cinema, Vincent Street. www. bluepyrenees.com.au. SHE'S APPLES Apple cider is one of the fastest-growing beverages around the world and now Kiwi icon Monteith's has released its Crushed Apple Cider here. Brewed from sun-ripened apples and natural ingredients, this summer refresher is available in liquor stores and on tap around Australia. RRP $12 for a four-pack. www. monteithsbeer.com.au. TEXT :: KYLIE MCGREGOR, LIANI SOLARI
October 2010
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Agri-food sector has the innovative ingredients to build on its success
Global commodity prices waned in 2015 as demand from China and emerging markets fell back. The full impact of that slowing demand has undoubtedly been felt by local dairy farmers, but for other food producers working on products further up the value-added chain, current conditions remain very good.
If there is one thing that Northern Ireland does well, it is food. The local agri-food sector is a huge player in our economy and it is by far the biggest producer in our manufacturing base.
The number of employees in the food and drink processing sector is estimated to be in the region of 27,000 and, if we were to include those working in farming we could add another 47,000 to the total. However, we can only begin to get a true appreciation of how significant food is to our local economy when we include the thousands of staff cooking and serving food in the hospitality sector as well as those involved on the retail or transport side of food production.
The food served in local restaurants and hotels plays a key role in the overall tourism offering that Northern Ireland presents to the world. Revenue from food tourism alone is estimated to be worth around £350m to the economy, but in recent years the food sector has also become so much better at bringing our food products to foreign customers.
With the help of Invest NI we have seen numerous artisan food producers sell their produce in distant markets such as Turkey, the United States and even the United Arab Emirates. Closer to home food produce has successfully made it on to the shelves of Harrods as well as Fortnum and Mason in London and indeed has even been served in Buckingham Palace.
In Northern Ireland this sector has demonstrated fantastic levels of innovation by opening itself up to changing customer preferences and nutritional needs. We only have to look at the success of food manufacturer Linwoods to see how a company can use insights from science and nutrition to produce a high value functional food - in this case organic flaxseed. Linwood successfully sells its health food products around the globe and has made numerous adaptations for different markets such as the introduction of the Flaxseed Cocoa, which was originally designed to meet the demands of customers in the Middle East, but has quickly become popular in many other markets, too.
As scientists inform us about 'smart ingredients' and the impact of food on our health and longevity, the opportunities for the agri-food sector will continue to grow. Vitamin D enriched mushrooms, Omega 3 enriched eggs and indeed Linwood's flaxseed are probably just the tip of the iceberg in terms of the amount of functional food production that we expect to see in the future. Intelligent food will be a strong growth area for the agri-food sector going forward.
This increased collaboration with scientists and academics that is adding value to the food sector is not just limited to nutrition. When it comes to food production, reputation is everything and Northern Ireland's association with lush grassland has undoubtedly helped to support local brands. Our island position also offers natural protection from disease and because of our consistently high standards there is a growing preference within Northern Ireland for locally sourced products.
Reputation based on brand image is one thing, but when it is based on firm evidence that is quite another. This is where collaboration with the Institute for Global Food Security at Queen's University in Belfast comes into play. Here a team of local academics led by Professor Chris Elliott is currently developing techniques that can be used at the earliest point of entry to the food supply chain to prevent contamination.
By ensuring the integrity of food produced in Northern Ireland, this team of academics are raising the reputation of local producers further and helping them to be recognised as 'safe suppliers' in global markets.
This sector certainly has a lot going for it, but it would be foolish to ignore the challenges it faces, too. In the Republic the food sector still receives a huge boost from a reduced rate of Vat across the hospitality sector which provides restaurants and hotels with a significant competitive advantage for attracting custom.
Last year the Republic's government pumped a whopping €21m (around £15m) investment into Food and Health Ireland, a collaborative research facility aimed at commercialising research in the dairy sector and, in addition, the food science departments of Irish universities are also very well-funded.
The competition may be stepping up, but Northern Ireland plc is ready for the challenge. Next year has been earmarked as the 'Year of Food and Drink' in Northern Ireland. Those working in the food sector will be working hard, but they will also need support - support from the public to buy local produce and support from government in the form of a full implementation of the agri-food strategy.
In next week's Economy Watch, we hear from PwC chief economist Dr Esmond Birnie
Belfast Telegraph


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Last month we brought you the news of an upcoming Sigur Rós album, Kveikur.
At that time, we shared the first single off the LP, 'Brennisteinn' and today we have the second release for you. This one is titled 'Ísjaki' (which translates to iceberg).
While 'Brennisteinn' was an unexpectedly a darker, heavier composition, today's single has a far more upbeat, ambient pop style that will easily win over any true Sigur Rós fan:
Kveikur is out on June 18 via XL Recordings.


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This product has been retired from our catalog and is no longer for sale. This page is made available for those looking for datasheets and the simply curious.
Description: This is a 35mm concave momentary push button similar to the ones you find on arcade games. Simple screw in design. Perfect for mashing. This button has a great tactile, 'clicky' feel.
This comes in a bag with cardboard hanger meant for our distributors that need it. Regular customers are welcome to order, but we want to limit the amount of extra packaging finding its way into the trash heap. The version without the extra waste can be found in the related items below.


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Drugs Ordered Online Cause 2 Young Men to Turn Blue
Two men in Oregon ordered drugs from the internet that they believed to be the designer amphetamine, 2C-E. Instead, they received a toxic industrial chemical called aniline. The packaging carried a warning that this product was "not for human consumption." But, this warning is also plastered all over the packages of bath salts and synthetic marijuana, which are consumed by humans daily regardless of the warning.
These two Oregon men had a severe reaction to the aniline, as the chemical acts to convert hemoglobin into methaglobin, which is a molecule that prevents red blood cells from carrying oxygen. Both men turned blue from lack of oxygen, and one man even passed out before they got help from poison control and the health department.
Read here to get the whole story.


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The best mysteries are ones where the reader, if they are following along carefully, can figure out the answer to the problem as the lead characters do.
If you read science blogs and love evolution, then you know exactly where this is headed:
Molecular evolution in court: analysis of a large hepatitis C virus outbreak from an evolving source.
Via Ed Rybicki


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Life Can Change For The Better!
Have you (Alcoholics and Addicts in particular) ever encountered someone, a boy or girl, man or woman, who was shy and sensitive, easily anxious, overwhelmed in crowds, but extremely intelligent and exceptionally observant, particularly when all variables in any given situation are as he or she prefers them to be?
Posted in Voices in Recovery, Breaking News Continue Reading


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Darius Joseph Profile
Position: Wide Receiver
Size: 6-0, 195 pounds
Year: Junior, Two-Year Letterman
High School: Abilene
Hometown: Abilene, Texas
Recruitment: Joseph was a three-star recruit coming out of high school and was categorized as an athlete because of his ability to play both wide out and defensive back. In fact, the other schools that recruited Joseph all wanted him to play cornerback in college. Only SMU recruited Joseph as a wide receiver and that was why he chose to commit to the Mustangs after taking an unofficial visit to the Hilltop early in Joseph's junior year of high school.
2013 Review: After catching seven balls for 70 yards as a freshman, Joseph started in ten of the Mustangs' 12 games last season, becoming a reliable second option in one of the most proficient offenses in SMU history. His 103 receptions as a sophomore were the second-best single season-total in SMU history. With four games of ten-plus receptions, Joseph moved up to second all-time in that category for SMU. Joseph averaged 67.3 yards per game and consistently got open and made big catches when the offense needed a first down. He also had a knack for finding his way into the end zone, with five touchdowns last season. Joseph's breakthrough as a sophomore was a big reason for the SMU offense's success in 2013.
2013 Grade: A-
2014 Outlook: With Jeremy Johnson and Keenan Holman both graduating and JaBryce Taylor leaving SMU, Joseph enters the 2014 training camp as the Mustangs' number one receiver. No one else on the squad has the experience that Joseph has and for that reason he will be looked up to by the younger guys and his ability to grow into that role will play a huge part in the success of the SMU offense in 2014, especially with a new quarterback leading the way for the Ponies.
The biggest adjustment for Joseph will be the attention he receives from opposing defenses. Last year Johnson and Holman were the focus of defenses' attention but this year they will be able to commit two defenders to Joseph due to the lack of experience throughout the rest of the receiving core. However if the SMU rushing attack improves from last season (highly likely with the addition of Daniel Gresham) Joseph may get more shots against single coverage than anticipated.