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Pharmacokinetics and effect of intravenous meloxicam in weaned Holstein calves following scoop dehorning without local anesthesia
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Dehorning is a common practice involving calves on dairy operations in the United States. However, less than 20% of producers report using analgesics or anesthetics during dehorning. Administration of a systemic analgesic drug at the time of dehorning may be attractive to dairy producers since cornual nerve blocks require 10 – 15 min to take effect and only provide pain relief for a few hours. The primary objectives of this trial were to (1) describe the compartmental pharmacokinetics of meloxicam in calves after IV administration at 0.5 mg/kg and (2) to determine the effect of meloxicam (n = 6) or placebo (n = 6) treatment on serum cortisol response, plasma substance P (SP) concentrations, heart rate (HR), activity and weight gain in calves after scoop dehorning and thermocautery without local anesthesia.
Plasma meloxicam concentrations were detectable for 50 h post-administration and fit a 2-compartment model with a rapid distribution phase (mean T½α = 0.22 ± 0.087 h) and a slower elimination phase (mean T½β = 21.86 ± 3.03 h). Dehorning caused a significant increase in serum cortisol concentrations and HR (P < 0.05). HR was significantly lower in the meloxicam-treated calves compared with placebo-treated calves at 8 h (P = 0.039) and 10 h (P = 0.044) after dehorning. Mean plasma SP concentrations were lower in meloxicam treated calves (71.36 ± 20.84 pg/mL) compared with control calves (114.70 ± 20.84 pg/mL) (P = 0.038). Furthermore, the change in plasma SP from baseline was inversely proportional to corresponding plasma meloxicam concentrations (P = 0.008). The effect of dehorning on lying behavior was less significant in meloxicam-treated calves (p = 0.40) compared to the placebo-treated calves (P < 0.01). Calves receiving meloxicam prior to dehorning gained on average 1.05 ± 0.13 kg bodyweight/day over 10 days post-dehorning compared with 0.40 ± 0.25 kg bodyweight/day in the placebo-treated calves (p = 0.042).
To our knowledge, this is the first published report examining the effects of meloxicam without local anesthesia on SP, activity and performance of calves post-dehorning. These findings suggest that administration of meloxicam alone immediately prior to dehorning does not mitigate signs of acute distress but may have long term physiological, behavior and performance effects.
KeywordsAnalgesia Meloxicam Dehorning Substance P Cortisol Heart rate Accelerometers Performance
Dehorning is one of the most common practices involving calves on dairy operations in the United States [1]. Although the American Veterinary Medical Association recommends the use of practices which reduce pain associated with dehorning, there are currently no drugs approved for analgesia in cattle in the United States [2]. Meloxicam is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) of the oxicam class that is approved in the European Union for adjunctive therapy in the treatment of cattle for acute respiratory disease; diarrhea and acute mastitis when administered at 0.5 mg/kg IV or SC [3]. Meloxicam has recently been approved in Canada for improving appetite and weight gains at the onset of diarrhea (calves > 1 w of age) and relief of pain following de-budding of horn buds in calves less than 3 months of age. Heinrich et al. (2009) demonstrated that 0.5 mg/kg meloxicam IM combined with a cornual nerve block reduced serum cortisol response for 6 hours in 6-12 wk old calves compared with calves receiving only local anesthesia prior to cautery dehorning [4]. Furthermore, calves receiving meloxicam had lower heart rates and respiratory rates than placebo treated control calves over 24 hours post-dehorning. Stewart et al. (2009) found that meloxicam administered IV at 0.5 mg/kg mitigated the onset of pain responses associated with hot-iron dehorning in 33 ± 3 day-old calves compared with administration of a cornual nerve block alone as measured by heart rate variability and eye temperature [5]. Heinrich et al. (2010) reported that meloxicam treated calves were less active than controls for 5 hours after dehorning and displayed less sensitivity to pressure algometry 4 h after dehorning compared with administration of a cornual nerve block alone [6]. Ingvast-Larsson et al. described the pharmacokinetics of meloxicam in goats and observed fewer signs of distress in treated kids compared with controls after dehorning [7]. These findings indicate that administration of meloxicam at 0.5 mg/kg IV or IM decreases behavioral and physiological responses linked to pain and distress associated with cautery dehorning.
In previous studies, a reduction in signs of distress following systemic meloxicam administration prior to dehorning was achieved in combination with local anesthesia provided with a cornual nerve block [4, 5, 6]. However, a survey of North-Central and North-Eastern United States dairy producers found that only 12.4% of dairy owners use local anesthetic nerve blocks and only 1.8% provide systemic analgesia at the time of dehorning [8]. Similarly, only 18% of Wisconsin dairy producers report using local anesthetics prior to dehorning [9]. These data are consistent with the results of the recent National Animal Health Monitoring System (NAHMS) survey that reported that only 13.8 percent of U.S operations report using analgesics or anesthetics during hot iron dehorning [1]. Administration of effective systemic analgesia at the time of dehorning instead of local anesthesia may be attractive to dairy producers since cornual nerve blocks delay cattle processing because these require 10 – 15 minutes to take effect [10].
The effects of meloxicam administration without local anesthesia on post-surgical behavior and performance in older calves (> 16 weeks of age) have not been described. In addition, the compartmental pharmacokinetics of meloxicam administered intravenously to calves subjected to dehorning procedures has not been reported. If meloxicam administration alone mitigates pain and distress and is associated with quantifiable performance benefits when administered prior to dehorning, this would provide producers and veterinarians with a practical and cost-effective way to reduce pain and distress after dehorning. The primary objectives of this trial were to (1) describe the compartmental pharmacokinetics of meloxicam in calves after IV administration at 0.5 mg/kg and (2) to determine the effect of meloxicam on cortisol response, substance P (SP) concentrations, heart rate (HR), activity and weight gain in calves after scoop dehorning and thermocautery without local anesthesia.
No calves were determined to require rescue analgesia during the course of the study.
Meloxicam pharmacokinetics
Mean plasma pharmacokinetic parameters for meloxicam after IV administration at 0.5 mg/kg bodyweight determined using a two- compartment model
Standard error
Mean peak serum cortisol concentrations (Cmax), time to peak concentration (Tmax) and area under the time-effect curve (AUEC) for cortisol determined using non-compartmental analysis
Cortisol parameters
P value
Tmax (min)
15.83 ± 4.92
19.17 ± 9.17
Cmax (nmol/L)
159.17 ± 11.032
165.00 ± 14.84
AUEC minute●nmol/L
133,584 ± 18,039
122,961 ± 20,441
Substance P (SP)
Activity and behavior
Heart rate (HR)
Average daily gain (ADG) in bodyweight
The primary objectives of this trial were to describe the compartmental pharmacokinetics of meloxicam in calves after IV administration at 0.5 mg/kg and to determine the analgesic effect of meloxicam after scoop dehorning and thermocautery without local anesthesia. Surgery-induced pain and central sensitization consist of two phases: an immediate incisional phase and a prolonged inflammatory phase that arises primarily due to tissue damage [11]. Demonstrating the adequacy of preemptive analgesia has two basic requirements [11]. The first is to demonstrate the direct pharmacological effect of the analgesic. This was accomplished in the present study by comparing differences in acute biomarkers of pain and distress including substance P, cortisol response and heart rate between treated and control subjects. The second requirement is to demonstrate the extension of the antinociceptive effect into the postoperative period when pain due to inflammation becomes the dominant process [11]. In practical terms, two approaches have been used to demonstrate the efficacy of preemptive analgesic regimens. The first is to demonstrate a reduction in pain intensity beyond the presence of the drug in the biophase in studies involving treated and untreated control subjects. The second approach is to demonstrate that a treatment applied before surgery is more effective than the treatment applied at the end of surgery [11]. In the present study, we used pharmacokinetic analysis to determine the presence of meloxicam in the biophase and cortisol, SP and heart rate analysis to determine the direct pharmacological effect of meloxicam in treated and untreated calves. Continuous, telemetric assessment of posture and activity over 96 hours after dehorning and weight gain over 10 days was used to determine if meloxicam effects extended into the post-operative period.
In the present study, plasma meloxicam concentrations were still quantifiable in the last sample, at 52 hours post-injection, and showed a bi-exponential decay following administration. The initial steep decline in plasma concentrations was likely due to the rapid distribution of the drug from the central to the peripheral compartment. This was followed by a slower decline in plasma concentrations associated with drug metabolism and excretion. Although exceptions due to species and drug compound exist, NSAIDs in general tend to be highly protein-bound in the plasma which limits distribution into the tissue, leading to low volume of the central compartment and low volume of distribution [12] as was seen in the current study. The extended half-life of meloxicam in cattle is likely due to a low total body clearance representing mostly hepatic clearance since high levels of protein binding tend to limit glomerular filtration of drug compounds.
The clinical implication of the slow elimination of meloxicam from the body is that infrequent drug administration (once every few days) may be sufficient to mitigate pain effects due to post-surgical inflammation in calves. It was recently reported that generic meloxicam tablets have 100% bioavailability following oral administration in ruminant calves suggesting that this may provide a practical and cost effective alternative to IV administration in those animals [13]. The pharmacokinetic profile of meloxicam described in the current report along with the associated effects on behavior and performance suggest that administration immediately prior to dehorning may have effects for several days post-dehorning. Given that the plasma half-life of meloxicam is longer than previously reported for ketoprofen (0.42 h) [14], salicylate (0.5 h) [15] and flunixin (4- 8 h) [16], these results suggest that meloxicam may have an extended duration of activity compared with other NSAIDs currently available in the U.S. However, further research is needed to determine if the effect of these analgesics is directly related to plasma drug concentrations, and if so, to determine the effective range. Although the literature is deficient in studies with cattle, the effective plasma concentration (EC50) of meloxicam is estimated to be 0.73 μg/mL in the horse [17] and 0.36 μg/mL in the dog [18]. If cattle respond to meloxicam as horses and dogs, the effective plasma drug concentration would be maintained for several days following IV administration of meloxicam at 0.5mg/kg.
Cortisol, substance P and heart rate analysis was used as an indicator of the direct pharmacological effect of meloxicam on pain and distress associated with dehorning in treated and untreated calves. It has been reported that plasma cortisol concentrations reach a peak within 30 minutes after dehorning after which levels decrease to a plateau concentration that persists for 5 – 6 hours [19, 20]. The results presented here are consistent with previous reports that demonstrate a significant increase in plasma cortisol concentration after dehorning [4, 5, 21]. However, in contrast with the findings of Heinrich and others [4], the present study failed to demonstrate that calves receiving meloxicam prior to dehorning had lower cortisol concentrations compared with untreated controls. This may be due to differences in the blood collection schedule that was designed to minimize the effect of animal handling on behavioral assessment. Furthermore, the present study enrolled older calves (<3mo vs. >4 mo) and necessarily employed a different method of dehorning (cautery disbudding vs. amputation). Since the horn bud attaches to the skull of calves at approximately 2 months of age, then gradually develops a diverticulum communicating with the frontal sinus, removal of the horn tissue is generally considered more invasive and stressful in older animals resulting in higher cortisol concentrations [22].
The most likely explanation for the differences in cortisol response is that previous reports frequently combined NSAID administration with local anesthesia. Local anesthetics mitigate acute incisional pain by blocking voltage-gated sodium channels in the nerves preventing the generation and propagation of nerve impulses or action potentials [10]. In the bovine, this effect lasts approximately 2 – 3 h after dehorning with the provision of a lidocaine block of the cornual nerve [10, 20]. Lidocaine local anesthesia combined with systemic ketoprofen administration prior to dehorning significantly attenuates the plasma cortisol response compared with the effect of the agents administered separately [19, 20, 23]. The reason why we chose not to administer local anesthesia in the present study was because surveys suggest that less that 20% of U.S. dairy producers currently use local anesthetics prior to dehorning and our goal was to look at the effect of an NSAID without local anesthesia [1, 8, 9]. The absence of an effect of meloxicam on acute cortisol response suggests that provision of systemic analgesia alone without local anesthesia is inadequate in providing adequate preemptive analgesia using the definition provided by Kissin, 2000 [11].
Substance P is an 11-amino acid prototypic neuropeptide that regulates the excitability of dorsal horn nociceptive neurons and is expressed in areas of the neuroaxis involved in the integration of pain, stress, and anxiety [24]. It has been reported that plasma SP concentrations are significantly higher in beef calves after castration compared with uncastrated controls [25]. In the present study, mean plasma substance P concentration was estimated to be reduced by 50% (95% Confidence interval: 26 to 96%) in calves that received meloxicam prior to dehorning compared with placebo-treated controls. Furthermore, we observed that increases in plasma substance P concentrations from baseline corresponded with lower log plasma meloxicam concentrations. These findings support the hypothesis that meloxicam treatment mitigates SP release and therefore potentially reduced pain perception in calves after dehorning without local anesthesia. To our knowledge this is the first study that has demonstrated a relationship between substance P concentrations and analgesic drug concentrations after dehorning. This suggests that SP measurement may have potential to be used as a biomarker for determining analgesic drug efficacy in calves subjected to painful procedures. Furthermore, the absence of an effect of meloxicam treatment on serum cortisol concentrations suggests that simultaneous determination of plasma SP and cortisol concentrations during painful procedures may assist in differentiating between acute stress associated with handling and distress associated with nociception as previously described [25].
Normal HR in unstressed cattle range from 70 to 90 bpm [26] but mean HR has been shown to increase by 30 to 40 bpm over baseline levels by stressful events such as branding, electric shock and handling prior to dehorning and castration [21, 27, 28]. Schwartzkopf-Genswein and others reported that HR in dehorned calves was significantly higher that control animals for 120 minutes after the procedure [21]. Similarly, Grondahl-Nielsen et al. (1999) observed that HR was elevated for 3.5 h in dehorned calves receiving no anesthetic or analgesic compared with calves that were only sham dehorned [29]. Likewise, Stewart et al, 2009 observed that HR was raised above baseline for 3 h after dehorning without local anesthesia [5]. Heinrich et al (2009) observed a greater increase in HR, measured by thoracic auscultation at 7 time points over 24 h, in placebo-treated calves compared with calves that received 0.5 mg/kg meloxicam IM combined with corneal nerve block at 10 minutes prior to dehorning [4]. In the present study, baseline HR was higher than previously reported and were maintained above 100 bpm for 6 hours after dehorning in both treatment groups. This difference could be attributed to the use of older calves (16 – 20 wks vs. < 6 wks) than what had been used in previous experiments. In our study we observed a significant decrease in mean HR in meloxicam-treated calves at 8 and 10 hours after dehorning. These results support the conclusions of Heinrich and others (2009) [4] that meloxicam reduces the stress response after dehorning as reflected by in changes in heart rate even in the absence of local anesthetic administration at the time of dehorning.
Comparison between calf behavior before and after dehorning and assessment of weight gain over 10 days post-dehorning was used to determine if meloxicam effects extended into the post-operative period. It was recently reported that calves that received oral meloxicam at 1 mg/kg spent more time lying down over 4 days compared with placebo-treated control calves [30]. The amount of time cattle exhibit specific behaviors is commonly used to indicate comfort and/or clinical illness [31, 32, 33, 34]. An increase or decrease in lying behavior, however, does not expressly indicate pain or comfort and must be interpreted within the context of what is normal for a particular animal. Cattle in pain due to lameness have been observed to lie more [35] whereas cattle in pain due to dehorning and castration have been observed to lie less than nonpainful controls [6, 30, 36, 37]. Furthermore, lying behavior among individual cattle within a herd has been observed to vary more than lying behavior between herds [34]. Therefore, within-animal comparisons, such as implicitly occurs with an analysis such as in the current study comparing an individual's control period (pre-procedure) and treatment period (post-procedure) behavior, are likely to be more sensitive than between-animal comparisons in detecting changes due to a particular treatment. Since meloxicam-treated calves were intermingled equally with placebo-treated calves, the difference noted between groups in the pre-procedure period is likely due to individual variation in the normal amount of time spent lying.
It has been previously reported that calves that received meloxicam at 0.5 mg/kg IM combined with corneal nerve blocks were less active than controls during the first 5 h following dehorning compared with placebo-treated controls [6]. In the present study, calves receiving meloxicam without local anesthesia demonstrated no significant difference in lying activity before and after dehorning. In contrast, control calves spent less time lying after dehorning, and although the percentage difference was numerically small (3.4%), this difference was significant due to the associated small standard error. This is similar to the results reported by Theurer and others (2012) that observed differences in lying behavior for 5 days after dehorning in calves that received oral meloxicam at 1 mg/kg [30]. When considering a 3.4% difference over a 24 hour period, control calves stood an average of 49 minutes more per day after dehorning than before. In meloxicam calves, the absence of an effect of dehorning on lying behavior may have been due to the analgesic activity of the drug. These results suggest that meloxicam mitigates behavioral effects of dehorning even in the absence of local anesthetic administration.
Studies reporting a difference in weight gain between analgesic-treated and unmedicated calves after dehorning are deficient in the published literature. Previously, Faulkner and Weary (2000) demonstrated that calves receiving ketoprofen prior to dehorning tended to gain more weight during the 24 h after dehorning than untreated calves [38]. However, during the subsequent 24 hour period, weight gains were similar between the two groups. Administration of the NSAID, sodium salicylate in drinking water for 2 d after dehorning and castration was found to increase ADG over 13 d [39]. Over the 10 day duration of the present study, calves receiving meloxicam gained significantly more weight than those in the control group, with a mean difference of 0.65 ± 0.28 kg/day (p=0.0418). This finding supports the hypothesis that extended exposure to a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) may maintain growth and performance after castration.
Although studies reporting a performance benefit after NSAID administration 2- 3 weeks following processing and castration are deficient in the published literature, meloxicam administration has been associated with improved average daily gain in calves suffering from clinical bovine respiratory disease [40]. Therefore, in order to definitively attribute the observed difference in ADG to the effect of meloxicam on pain and inflammation associated only with dehorning, future studies should also include additional meloxicam treated and untreated control calves that are processed but not dehorned.
The biological explanation for the improved ADG observed in this study was not investigated. Meloxicam treated and untreated control calves were co-mingled in pens for the duration of the study precluding assessment of individual animal feed intake or feed efficiency. Furthermore, even though the accelerometer analysis revealed significant differences in the pre and post-dehorning behavior of control calves, this technology is currently not sufficiently sensitive to characterize subtle differences in feeding and walking behavior that could contribute to performance differences. However, Theurer and others [30] recently reported that calves that received oral meloxicam prior to dehorning spent more time at the grain bunk and less time at the hay feeder compared to the control group which could explain the difference in weight gain observed in the present study. Another possible contributory factor to the performance difference is that increased activity of nociceptors increases sympathetic tone and adrenal secretory activity which may inhibit gastric centers causing decreased rumen motility [41]. Mellor and others (2002) reported a significant increase in plasma adrenaline and noradrenaline concentration for 5 and 50 minutes respectively after scoop dehorning in 10 week old calves [42]. Adrenergic influences on reticuloruminal motility comprise depression of the gastric centers resulting in inhibition of intrinsic and extrinsic rumen motility [43]. The duration of these effects and how these relate to plasma catecholamine concentrations has not been reported. Future studies examining individual or pen level feed intake and feed efficiency and the association with rumen motility after dehorning may help explain the difference in ADG observed in this report.
The results of this trial support the conclusions of previous reports that observed a significant effect of meloxicam on behavior and heart rate changes after dehorning with local anesthesia [4, 6, 30]. However, we failed to detect an effect of meloxicam administered without local anesthesia on serum cortisol concentrations. This suggests that systemic administration of an NSAID does not adequately mitigate acute signs of distress associated with dehorning. This study contributes to the body of literature by demonstrating for the first time that meloxicam administration significantly reduces plasma substance P concentrations and that an inverse relationship exists between meloxicam concentrations and changes in circulating SP concentration after dehorning. To our knowledge, this is also the first published report that observed a significant effect of meloxicam administration on plasma substance P concentrations and weight gain after dehorning. These results have implications for developing pain mitigation strategies involving NSAIDs in calves at dehorning with respect to addressing both animal performance and welfare concerns.
All experimental procedures in this study were approved by the Kansas State University (KS) Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) under the supervision of the University Veterinarian (Protocol #2694). Since a placebo-treated, dehorned control group was enrolled in the study, calves were assessed hourly for behavioral signs of excessive pain over a period of 10 hours after surgery. This was followed by twice daily monitoring for 7 days. Calves demonstrating postural changes, prolonged recumbency, anorexia and depression were scheduled to receive rescue analgesia with flunixin meglumine at 2.2 mg/kg IV, BID.
Twelve Holstein calves approximately 16-20 wks of age and weighing between 140-205 Kg were acquired from a commercial dairy located in South-West Kansas. Upon arrival, the calves were given an eight-way clostridial vaccine (Covexin 8, Schering Plough), a single SQ injection of tulathromycin (Draxxin, Pfizer) at 2.5 mg/kg bodyweight, and doramectin (Dectomax Pour-on, Pfizer) administered topically at 500 μg/kg bodyweight. Amprolium (Corid, Merial) was added to the drinking water to provide 10 mg/kg PO for 5 days. Calves were maintained in study housing facilities for 19 days prior to study commencement.
Randomization and group assignment
Calves were blocked in pairs according to their weights determined approximately 14 days prior to study commencement. Calves were ranked by ascending weight in kilograms and assigned a computer-generated random number (Microsoft Excel 2007, Microsoft Corporation). In each pair, the calf with the highest random number was assigned to the meloxicam-treated group, while the calf with the lowest random number was designated as a placebo-treated control (n=6 calves/group).
Housing and husbandry
Ration nutrient composition on an as fed and dry matter basis
NEm Megcal/CWT.
NEg Megcal/CWT.
Crude Fiber
Crude Protein%
Cobalt ppm
Copper ppm
Iron ppm
Manganese ppm
Selenium ppm
Zinc ppm
Catheterization and acclimatization
Approximately 48 hours prior to study commencement, calves were restrained for jugular catheter placement under local anesthesia. All study animals were fit with two catheters, one catheter was designated for drug or placebo administration and the other for blood sample collection. Catheter patency was maintained using heparin saline flush containing 3 USP units heparin sodium/ml saline (Heparin Sodium Injection, Baxter Healthcare). Catheters were removed immediately following drug administration or final blood collection.
Following catheter placement, calves were restrained twice daily using a rope halter to simulate study sampling procedures. Furthermore, calves were run through the chute handling facilities once daily and manipulated in the same manner as the proposed study procedures. Cattle were also fitted with commercially manufactured 3-dimensional accelerometers (GP1 SENSR, Reference LLC) at described in previous studies [44]. The accelerometers were left on the calves until study completion, approximately 7 days after placement.
Treatment administration
- 1)
Intravenous (IV) injection of 0.5 mg/kg of meloxicam (Metacam 5 mg/ml solution for injection (NADA 141-219), Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica, Inc; Lot # 118ZN12) was administered as a single bolus in the jugular vein using a designated catheter. The catheter was flushed with 5 mL of heparin-saline and removed immediately after administration.
- 2)
Intravenous sodium chloride injection (0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection USP, Baxter Healthcare Corp) was administered at a volume based on a presumed dose of 0.5 mg/kg meloxicam injection.
Observers and analytical chemists in the study were masked to treatment group allocation.
Prior to dehorning, all calves were restrained in a chute with a head gate and a rope halter. The horn was removed using a Barnes dehorning instrument (Stone Manufacturing & Supply Company). Briefly, the opposing blades of the instrument were aligned with the base of the horns at the skin-horn junction. The handles of the instrument were then closed slowly to ensure proper placement of the instrument. Once optimal positioning was achieved, the handles were spread quickly apart to engage the blades and cut off the horn. Hemostasis was achieved through thermocautery using a pre-heated electric dehorning iron (Stone Manufacturing & Supply Company). All dehorning procedures were performed by a single experienced veterinarian (BR). After dehorning, calves remained standing but unrestrained in the chute for 20 minutes to facilitate intensive blood sampling. Subsequent samples were collected in housing pens with calves periodically restrained using a rope halter.
Blood sample collection
Eighteen milliliters of whole blood for cortisol, substance P (SP) and meloxicam determination was collected into syringes using the pre-placed jugular catheter immediately prior to drug or placebo administration, and at 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 60 minutes and again at 6, 22, 30, 45 and 52 hours thereafter. Blood was immediately transferred to 6 ml serum and lithium heparin vacutainer tubes (BD Diagnostics) for cortisol and drug determination respectively. Blood for SP determination was collected in 6 ml EDTA tubes containing the serine protease inhibitor, aprotonin at 500 KIU/mL of blood. The vacutainer tubes were stored on ice for no more than 60 minutes pending sample processing. Thereafter, blood samples were centrifuged at 1,600 g for 15 minutes at 4°C. Serum and plasma were pipetted from their respective tubes and placed in cryovials for storage at -80°C prior to sample analysis. All samples were analyzed within 60 days of sample collection.
Cortisol determination
Serum cortisol concentrations were determined using a solid-phase competitive chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay and an automated analyzer system (Immulite 1000 Cortisol, Siemens Medical Solutions Diagnostics) as previously described using an assay validated in bovine plasma [15, 45]. A sample volume of 100 μL was used in each assay well. The reported calibration range for the assay is 28 to 1,380 nmol/L with an analytical sensitivity of 5.5 nmol/L.
Substance P determination
Plasma substance P concentrations were determined in duplicate using a validated method as previously described [25]. Briefly, Substance P was extracted from plasma by acidifying with acetic acid and fractionating with reverse-phase solid-phase extraction columns. The peptide was eluted from the column using an organic-aqueous solvent mixture and concentrated by drying under nitrogen. The dried extract was reconstituted and analyzed according to the manufacturer's instructions in the Substance P ELISA kit (Assay designs, Ann Arbor, MI). The coefficient of variation between triplicate bovine samples at each fortified SP concentration was < 30%. The linear regression line fit between the three points at each of three control concentrations had a correlation coefficient of 0.99.
Activity data was collected for 48 and 168 hours pre- and post-dehorning, respectively. Accelerometers sampled at 100Hz and summarized values for the selected variables every 5 seconds. Five variables were recorded by the accelerometers for each 5-second interval: average acceleration in each of the three axes (X, Y, and Z), the combined average magnitude for all three axes, and the maximum combined vector magnitude. At trial completion, data were imported into commercial data mining software (Insightful Miner, Insightful Corporation), and a previously validated decision tree [30, 36, 44] was used to classify the behavior as lying, standing, or walking for each 5 second interval.
Heart rate determination
Heart rate data were recorded for 48 hours before and after dehorning for each calf. Heart rate was recorded and analyzed using a commercially available heart rate monitor and software (RS800 and Polar Pro Trainer Equine Edition, Polar Electro, Inc, Lake Success, NY) as previously described [45]. The heart rate monitor consisted of a transmitter placed over the heart in the left foreflank attached to a girth strap placed around the heart girth of the calves, and a wrist unit attached to the elastic strap which received and recorded the signal from the transmitter. Appropriate conductance for the electrodes on the strap, one positioned on the sternum and one over the right scapula, was facilitated by use of ultrasound gel (Medline Industries Inc. Mundeline, Il). The transmitter measured the electric signal (ECG) of the heart every 15 seconds. Prior to study commencement, the heart rate wrist unit time was synchronized with the stopwatches used for all other sample collection. The corresponding heart rate within 15 seconds of each time point was used for analysis.
Average daily weight gain (ADG)
Calves were individually weighed on arrival, approximately 14 hours prior to dehorning and 10 days post-dehorning using a commercial livestock scale (For-Most Livestock Equipment). Food and water were not withheld prior to weighing. Average daily gain (ADG) was calculated by subtracting the arrival from the pre-dehorning weight and the pre-dehorning weight from the post-dehorning weight and dividing this by the number of days that passed between weigh dates.
Plasma meloxicam determination
Plasma concentrations of meloxicam (m/z 352.09→114.90) were determined with high-pressure liquid chromatography (Shimadzu Prominence, Shimadzu Scientific Instruments) and mass spectrometry (API 2000, Applied Biosystems) as previously described [13, 46]. With a limit of quantification of 0.025 μg/mL, the standard curve was linear from 0.025 μg/mL to 10 μg/mL and was accepted if the correlation coefficient exceeded 0.99 and predicted values were within 15% of the actual values. The accuracy of the assay was 103 ± 7% of the actual value and the coefficient of variation was 7% determined on replicates of 5 each at 0.025, 0.5, and 5 μg/mL.
Pharmacokinetic analysis
Compartmental pharmacokinetic analysis of the meloxicam time concentration data was performed using a commercially available software program (WinNonlin, Pharsight Corporation) as previously described [15, 47]. Model selection was conducted using visual inspection of predicted versus observed data plots and two measures of goodness of fit (Aikaike Information Criterion and Schwarz Bayesian Criterion).
Data analysis and statistics
Hypothesis tests were conducted using JMP 5.1.2 analytical software (SAS Institute, INC) unless otherwise specified [48]. For statistical analysis, the calf was considered the experimental unit. The mean ± standard error of the means (SEM) and the mean difference where appropriate were calculated for each outcome variable at each time point. Statistical significance was designated a priori at p<0.05. Model fit was assessed by evaluating the form of marginal studentized residuals versus fitted values plot. The model was determined appropriate if the mean of the residuals versus fitted values plot was centered on zero.
For repeated measures data (heart rate, substance P and cortisol concentrations at each time point), a random effects-mixed model was constructed with treatment, time and the interaction between time and treatment designated as fixed effects. In this model, animal nested in treatment was designated as a random effect to account for the between subject effects. Where significant interactions were detected, comparisons between different combinations were conducted using two-sided Student t-tests. The experiment wise significance level was protected by employing the Tukey method in examining comparisons. Substance P data were not normally distributed and therefore these were log transformed prior to statistical analysis. For heart rate data, the statistical model failed to converge due to the large number of data points relative to the number of animals on trial and periods of missing data especially after 12 h post-dehorning. Therefore, an initial analysis was conducted on the cumulative data collected in the periods before and after dehorning followed by a detailed analysis of the hourly data over 12 h post-dehorning.
Accelerometer data were imported into a commercial data mining software (Insightful Miner, Insightful Corporation, Seattle, WA), and a previously validated decision tree [36, 44] was used to classify the behavior as lying, standing, or walking for each 5 second interval. Following classification, data were aggregated on an hourly basis by the summing of the counts of 5-second intervals spent in each behavior. Hours with known periods of human intervention (feeding, sample collection, animal processing, and treatment administration) were removed equally from calves in both treatment groups. The remaining hourly behavioral data from both replicates of the trial were imported into a statistical program (SAS 9.1, SAS Institute, Cary, NC) for analysis. The proportion of time calves spent in each activity was modeled using logistic regression (PROC GLIMMIX) to evaluate potential associations between lying behavior and time relative to dehorning (pre- or post-), treatment (Meloxicam or control), and the interaction between these variables. Random effects were included in the model to account for a lack of independence in each sampling due to multiple calves housed within the same pen and repeated measures on individual calves. Pairwise comparisons were performed to determine statistically significant differences.
Summary measures of cortisol including peak plasma concentration (Cmax), time to peak concentration (Tmax) and area under the time-effect curve (AUEC) were determined as previously described [47] using the linear trapezoidal rule and WinNonlin software (Pharsight Corporation, Cary, NC). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was employed to evaluate differences in single measurement, normally distributed data (ADG, Cmax, and AUEC). The Kruskal-Wallis Test was used to analyze non-parametric data (Tmax).
In order to determine the relationship between plasma meloxicam concentrations, SP and serum cortisol concentrations at the corresponding time points after dehorning, post hoc linear regression curves were constructed using the log-transformed percentage change from baseline. Statistical significance was designated a priori at p<0.05.
This research was supported by the College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University. Dr Coetzee and Dr Mosher were supported by USDA- CSREES, Animal Protection (Animal Well-being), NRI Grant # 2008-35204-19238 and 2009-65120-05729.
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Copyright information
This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.


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Opening soon
The things to watch out for are the hidden extras.
The Learning and Skills Council Hotel opens for business on April 1, 2001. The Learning and Skills Act documents the design of the council. It has objectives and a start-up plan from its government owners, set out in a 19-page remit letter. Cabling and equipment is being hurriedly transferred from its FEFC and training and enterprise council predecessors. Staff have just been appointed.
Three months before it opens, prospective guests still have only a hazy idea about what Hotel LSC will offer. There's been a chance to look around and we have been told it will not be quite so comfortable as its predecessor. But we won't really know what to expect until the new managers and staff get to work.
In the short term, many things will be familiar. Many of the same staff will be working in the same buildings, surrounded by the funding furniture transferred across from the FEFC, Tecs and adult education. In the first year, colleges will continue to be paid according to the old FEFC funding method with odd adjustments. The big clear-out, we now know, happens in 20023. The outlines for this were confirmed in David Blunkett's remit letter and speech to the Association of Colleges in Harrogate in November. There are four big plans.
Plan one is the drive to rationalise 16-18 provision in big cities and areas with below-average participation and achievement. The areas have been identified in the Excellence in Cities initiative for schools.
The tool to achieve change, borrowed from the schools sector, is the Ofsted inspection. There will be 40 area inspections in the next two years and they will suggest solutions for local problems. The first five area inspections have already resulted in plans for three new sixth form institutions in inner London. It has been announced that pound;45 million in capital funding and pound;60m from the Standards Fund is available to drive further change in the next 40 areas.
The number of college mergers has increased recently, but only a handful of these cross sector boundaries. The new plan is to merge college and school provision. Making this acceptable locally will be the first test of this policy but the long-term gain, it is hoped, will be excellent city sixth forms.
The second big plan is specialisation. David Blunkett's Harrogate speech set out a vision of a network of specialist centres attached to colleges across the country. He allocated pound;100m to achieve this aim, approximately pound;1m per centre, divided between capital and revenue funding. He expects private sector partners will make an important contribution.
Colleges will bid to operate centres but the final decision aout who gets one stays with the Government. The centres are likely to get favourable treatment in the 20023 funding decisions. The local learning and skills councils have 18 months to draw up their plans for that year. There is a lot to take into account; it is impossible to say now where the plans will go.
Quality is the third big plan. The learning and skills reform has lowered barriers between different funding streams and could lead to increasing competition between colleges, training providers and employers for money. If so, this is not evident yet in public announcements which emphasise competition on quality, not on cost.
The emphasis on quality explains the allocation of pound;80m for lecturer training in colleges with funding in full for training of new lecturers and aspiring principals and part-funding for serving teachers. Initiatives are already underway to upskill basic skills teachers in 2001.
As well as carrots, there will also be sticks, which will again be wielded by the inspectors. Separating inspection from funding and planning will make it easier for inspectors to write critical reports and for the skills councils to respond by taking local action.
The final big push for 2002-3 is participation. The Learning and Skills Council has a duty to encourage learning. Two of its four priorities from government are to increase participation. Participation is the main story and accounts for the bulk of the pound;5.5bn learning and skills budget. The large cash increases in the three years from 2000 to 2003 are intended to increase student number growth and achieve the overall government target of 700,000 new learners. In 2001-2, the council will use existing funding systems to make progress. From September 2002, all systems change and the skills councils will introduce their new approach, common to all sectors.
We do not know all the details but we know the outlines. There will be different calculations for 16 to 18-year-olds and adults, a simpler funding formula and a greater emphasis on individuals. Eighteen months of work has still left some questions unanswered and the skills councils will have their work cut out to answer them. But one clear shift is away from using a single funding method to implement all policies. This was the FEFC's innovation and it required an ever more complicated formula to cope with a wide diversity of objectives. As money got tight, the FEFC even moved various grants into the general pot.
The LSC will inherit many things from the FEFC but will do many things differently. It is likely that 20023 will bring a simpler funding method but a host of targeted grants. Fixed prices in the Hotel LSC but watch out for the extras.
Julian Gravatt is director of finance at the City Lit, London: firstname.lastname@example.com

subset: commoncrawl


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Finding the real-world locations used in a film can be daunting without a guide to point out the city's matte paintings and CGI fire hydrants. Sniff out movie magic with this Groupon.
$15 for a Ticket to The Blues Brothers Bus Tour (a $30 Value)
Departing on Saturdays and Sundays at 3:30 p.m., passengers—mounted in a comfy motor coach—explore the streets of Chicago on the heels of the titular characters from The Blues Brothers, visiting the sights and settings of the 1980 film. Multiple video monitors throughout the cabin play corresponding clips as the bus passes sites from the movie such as the orphanage, Soul Food Cafe, and Ray's Music Shop. The 90-minute tour covers miles of city streets as guides provide amusing behind-the-scenes anecdotes gleaned from research, DVD commentaries, and John Belushi's personal memoirs, published as a stack of cocktail napkins in 1981.
Chicago Film Tour
Trundling down the iconic avenues and streets of the Windy City, Chicago Film Tour's coach glides by local sights featured on the silver screen in movies such as The Dark Knight, The Fugitive, and The Blues Brothers. Each of the 30 locations on the signature tour features an accompanying movie clip played on the bus's video monitors. Occasional special tours center on sites from one particular film, and passengers can bring their own beverages and snacks on board to re-create their favorite moments in product placement.


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Barbara Hutchinson
The word that first comes to mind when thinking of Barbara is "indomitable". When over 90 and suffering from arthritis and a badly damaged leg among other things, she declared that she was going to book herself into the Grand Hotel at Eastbourne and get herself there by train – and she did. Rejecting all offers of help. lt was typical of how life went for her.
We first met on the Bournemouth Times (later taken over by the Evening Echo). She wrote as Roberta Fearn, on fashion and the social scene active in Bournemouth at the time. She left on the spot when she discovered that her name was being used in an advertising tie-up with a local department store. Hard as it was then – early Fifties – for women to make their way without the right contacts, off she went to London!
She worked on London weeklies before moving into the women's magazine world, and finally to the Press Association first as fashion writer and later on general news.
After her retirement in the early 1980's fate took an unkind turn. She was determined to find other work and on her way to an interview was knocked to the ground by one of the "oddbods" who used to frequent Fleet Street. A hip replacement and arthritis resulted. But she continued covering the Paris fashion shows until about 2010 for various publications including some in Australia.
One of her great regrets was that she would not be able to go to Ascot again…
Barbara, a long-time member of the Chartered Institute of Journalists, died on July 2, within a whisker of her 95th birthday. She was recognized at Pickering House, Dorking, run by the Journalists Charity, as the character she had always been.
Barbara Hutchinson's funeral details:
Leatherhead Crematorium, July 24, 3.30pm and afterwards at Pickering House where she had received such excellent and devoted care.


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Chambray Floral Print Bow Tie
Sold Out
Product Details
Made in the USA: Blade + Blue bow ties are made right here in the San Francisco Bay Area.
It starts with the fabric: I literally search the globe for premium grade fabrics that will perfectly complement the Blade + Blue shirt collection. This season's fabrics come from Tokyo, Paris & San Francisco.
Then comes the shape: The choice is your's to make. Blade + Blue bow ties come to you already hand knotted. Simply hook the back clasp, then adjust to fit.
If you prefer the old fashioned method, you can undo the knot, firmly secure the back clasp & tie it yourself.
Chambray Floral Print Bow Tie: I mean, come on, what a beauty! I love how the florals are painted on the blue chambray in an earthy & autumnal palette for an exquisite effect. You will notice that all of this season's colors are captured here making this tie a perfect complement to the Blade+Blue shirts.
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Chambray Floral Print Bow Tie
It was part of a birthday gift to someone very special to me. He loved it.


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Myanmar is in transition to democracy. To build a democratic country, all those who are working in the three main branches of democracy — legislative, executive and judiciary — are obliged to cooperate with each other with magnanimity, tolerance, forgiveness and mutual understanding in the interest of the country and its people.
The three branches have checks and balances over each other to maintain the equilibrium of power and to ensure that constitutional limits are not exceeded. The Hluttaw, or parliament, is the symbol of a democracy. In this transitional period, lawmakers are urged to strive for making the machinery of the parliament strong.
Meanwhile, Members of Parliament who make the law should be mindful that they do not become law-breaking lawmakers.
While carrying out regional development tasks in their respective constituency, when the parliament is not in session, lawmakers have the duty to coordinate with local authorities in order not to exceed their constitutional limits.
In order to bring about better stability and the rule of law rather than the current situation, strong coordination is required.
Democratic rights bring about the rule of law, and the rule of law is necessary for the safety and security of the people.
When countries fail to establish justice and security, the rule of law and peace and stability are the first to suffer.
A breakdown in the rule of law may slow down the road to reintegration after a conflict, cause or exacerbate violence and tensions, and fuel criminality and insecurity.
Only when societies are able to implement and abide by the rule of law can they also achieve other critical milestones, such as inclusive and effective governance and the respect for human rights.


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Eric HolzschuhAlaska, US
Eric Holzschuh is the trusted voice of trusted brands. He is represented by numerous talent agents throughout the world but as a Voices.com client you can contact him directly: (Email hidden) Eric is currently the signature voice of the "Prince William Sound College" campaign.
He has recorded hundreds of commercials, industrials, narrations, training videos, internet videos, tv projects, educational scripts, IVR prompts, on-hold messages, tutorials, e-learning projects, audiobooks, promos, and telephony projects.
Eric's voice over type has been described as authentic, youthful, believable, conversational, guy next door, upbeat, friendly, genuine, comedic, accesible, confident, high energy, soft sell, hard sell, sincere, cool, hip, corporate, business like, relatable, warm, sophisticated, knowledgeable, trustworthy, promo, urgent, and educational. He is consistently cast for a wide range of age requirements . . . male teens, 20's, 30's, 40's, (16-45). His style could be closely compared to John Krasinski, Ryan Reynolds, Ryan Gosling, Jake Gyllenhaal and Neil Patrick Harris.
Prince William Sound College, Marie's Beauty Salon and Supply, Ice Services, Alpha Media, Seed Media.
Believable is the first word that comes to most client's minds when describing Eric's voice. Trustworthy, Sincere, Authoritative, Friendly, Fresh, Powerful, Energetic, and Relatable are also accurate adjectives. Whether your need is a voice over for a commercial, white-board animation, corporate narration, video, e-learning, explainer video, training video, internet video, tv project, educational script, IVR prompts, on-hold message, tutorial, direct response ad (DR), talking toy, gps, medical, technical, legal, mobile app (android or ios), radio imaging, or high powered promo . . . Eric can deliver.
Eric believes in treating clients like partners. Working together should be as easy as if you were working together in the same office. Communication is frequent and work is completed promptly (often same day) so you never have to guess the progress of your project or worry if it will be completed on time. Trusted brands trust Eric's voice (and service). . . and you can too!
Voice over is more than a great read. Demanding clients expect high quality, pristine audio, and that is precisely what you can expect. Voice overs are recorded in a quiet, acoustically treated Room using a Neumann TLM 102 microphone for world class sound. The studio is equipped Skype allowing you the option of directing the session from your location.
Eric can provide production music and sound effects to create a finished world-class product.
- and -
English (North American), English
North American
Middle Aged, Teen, Young Adult
Special Skills
Audiobooks, Business, Cartoons, Documentaries, Educational, Internet, Movie Trailers, Podcasting, Radio, Telephone, Television, Videogames
Recording radio spots in professional studio
BA in Theater from UAA
Continual private acting and voice acting sessions
BA in Theater from UAA
BBA in Economics from UAA
Continuous private acting sessions
Neumann TLM 102
Computer & Software
MacBook & Twisted Wave
Special Equipment
Focusrite Scarlett Solo
Delivery Methods
Skype, email, wav. mp3. etc.
Turnaround Time
24 Hours (often same day)
Service Description
Voice over recordings for commercials (radio & TV), documentaries, corporate narrations, elearning, audio books, telephony, etc.
Can also provide complete production services with music, etc.
Eric is a pro! Easy to work with, quick turnaround, awesome delivery. Can't wait to work with him again in the future.Marie's Beauty Salon and Supply
Eric was great. Nailed the read. In and out of the studio. Will work with again.Alpha Media
Voice Over Clients
Alpha Media
Seed Media
Prince William Sound College
Marie's Beauty Supply And Salon
Ice Services Inc.
Payment Terms
Hire Eric as a voice actor. Payment is made through Voices.com SurePay, an escrow service that guarantees your work is done to your satisfaction. Send payment securely by Visa, Mastercard or PayPal through Voices.com then download your files from the website.
Watch a video to see how to make a payment
Next Steps
To contact Eric Holzschuh about your project, request a quote today. We'll walk you through the process step-by-step. It's fast and easy.
Mary Neubauer for Job #176165 30: Radio Ad for Marie's Beauty Eric is a pro! Easy to work with, quick turnaround, awesome delivery. Can't wait to work with him again in the future.Mar 8, 2016


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VMK at Wikia
Welcome to the VMK mini wiki at Scratchpad!
You can use the box below to create new pages for this mini-wiki. Make sure you type
[[Category:VMK]] on the page before you save it to make it part of the VMK wiki (preload can be enabled to automate this task, by clicking this link and saving that page. Afterwards, you may need to purge this page, if you still see this message).
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|Message view
|« Date » · « Thread »
|« Date » · « Thread »
|Re: apr_password_validate on win32 silently mishandles crypted hashes
|Thu, 27 May 2004 00:13:48 GMT
On Wed, 26 May 2004, Stas Bekman wrote: > firstname.lastname@example.com wrote: > > Portable doesn't mean what most people think in means in APR. It means > > the code _should_ work on all platforms. It doesn't mean that the data > > will be processed identically on all platforms hwoever. In this case, you > > are asking windows to validate a password that it can't encrypt. That > > isn't going to work. > > And according to you definition it is not portable. Since it _should_ work, > but it doesn't. Nope, it shouldn't work, and it doesn't. You are passing a crypt() encrypted password to a function that, on Windows, doesn't understand crypt. APR doesn't mean that all platforms will support all possible data. In this case, APR on windows can't process crypt() encrypted passwords. > > What we do in this case, is apr_password_validate uses either crypt, md5, > > or base64, depending on the input. There should be a function in APR to > > encrypt passwords (not sure if there is, and I can't find one in a quick > > search). > > > > But, do not expect that the details will work cross-platform, just the > > code. > > In which case the code doing crypt verification doesn't belong to > apr_password_validate. A quick grep of the Apache source shows that it's only > used by the Apache support utils and should be moved there verbatim. APR isn't just Apache anymore. This API exists and may be in use by other projects using APR. > If you want to support crypt, include the implementation of fcrypt() on those > platforms that don't carry crypt. We have discussed including a crypt implementation in the past and rejected it, but I don't really remember why. I think the problem here, is that we have different ideas of what is desired. I don't have any desire to support crypt(). We support crypt() for backwards compatibility for Apache, but that doesn't mean that our goal is to support crypt. > At the moment apr_password_validate is half-baked API with very vague docs. I'm sorry, but that just isn't true. The API isn't half-baked at all. It just doesn't work the way you expect it to work. As for the docs, yes they could probably use some work. Ryan
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OMG!! John Moore is right! Nibiru is here!!!
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As was posted earlier, the Russians have been granted rights over the entire Arctic Ocean. Whilst many will be alarmed due to a pending Communist invasion of the country, it is more likely the deals of the Globalists as they have other issues at hand. The Earth is changing beyond the capacity of HAARP and Scalar technology. I believe what we are witnessing is factions within the Global community that are like the dark magicians of Atlantis and are helping to destroy the world as we know it. Kind of like every James Bond villain activated all at once. There truly is one dark lord pulling the strings behind a curtain somewhere, some say in Southern France, and it certainly is not Obama, as the Anti-Christ would never bow to anyone. So this means you have other groups still acting out their duty and protocols and having to counter all of the catastrophes popping up, whilst in denial of the evil they share offices with. But some of these events are caused by celestial stirrings as well, and probably by those foo fighters, you know, all of the little plasma ball - UFO's of late. By the way, the plasma balls are inter-dimensional beings moving in and out between dimensions. And some are human technology. The two are definitely orchestrating something wicked. But back to the Arctic. There are methane bubbles galore escaping through the Arctic seabeds, so the Globalists that are not in the know (they know, but are just too afraid of their counterparts), as far as the dark agents and their agendas are concerned, have assigned Russia to deal with the issues there.
link to www.independent.co.uk
link to news.yahoo.com
link to articles.businessinsider.com
Arctic Methane Release: The End Of The World As We Know It?
link to thinkprogress.org
These methane escapes are caused by massive plate movements in the earth. So at some point it is really going to get bad. Not only will the methane kill life, but the other ominous issue at hand is the massive volcanoes and EQ's to follow, and I suspect enormous storms too and atmospheric changes that will even have the Obama cell phone heads and other zombies pissing in their pants. They will no longer be able to put on a face of normalcy to walk into a Walmart, or McDonalds.
Thread: crazy experience at a Wal Shart, gives me insight into what could be to come!!!!
The methane in Louisiana is probably related to the Arctic events, and if someone did enough research, they might find other locations having the same issues, ones that TPTB are keeping secret. The numerous sinkholes everywhere are definitely related to the Louisiana sinkhole.
Thread: Sinkhole update................ "Heed evacuation orders" (Page 11)
Undoubtedly WWIII is meant to provide cover and an excuse to lock the place down. The precursors to that are all around you now. You know how they like to control things, as long as they can that is.
Thread: Chinese hackers break in to White House military office network in charge of the president's nuclear football! Doom On!!
Thread: DOOM TIME: Global PMI Tonight!!!! CHINESE PMI MISSES ESTIMATES, FALLS BELOW 50
You just have to know how to read between the lines. But some of this stuff is obvious now, I mean c'mon.
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Hitman – Social Stealth – HD Gameplay Trailer
February 28, 2016
Platforms: PC, PlayStation 4, Xbox ONE
Genres: Action, Third-Person Shooter
Io-Interactive Studio Creative Director Christian Elverdam sits down with Principal Level Designer Jacob Mikkelsen and Senior Game Designer Jesper Hylling for a fun, engaging talk on the concept of Social Stealth in HITMAN. This time they cover how to evolve the features built up over 15 years of designing Hitman games.
HITMAN is still a creative stealth action game, featuring the greatest assassin out there, Agent 47. As an operative of the International Contract Agency, his job is to take out high-profile targets all over the world, supported by his long-time handler Diana Burnwood. Each location in the game is a living sandbox, a place where every NPC has a name and every room matters. We've focused on making sure you, the players, have complete freedom of approach over how, where and when you decide to take out your target. Creativity from players is fully expected, you have the power and intelligence of Agent 47 at your fingertips and it is your choice whether to use brute force or orchestrate a genuine masterpiece of assassination.
Locations are more detailed, more populated and much larger than ever before, full of things to experiment with and targets to kill without any checkpoint systems in there. Contracts mode returns and really shines in these big sandboxes.
Developers I/O Interactive are building an expanding and evolving world of assassination. The experience will begin on December 8th and we will release new locations, missions and hits over time at regular intervals through 2016, which means we'll all be able to share in the excitement of a new content drop at the same time. Rather than unboxing a game, playing it and then that's sort of it, HITMAN will deliver a true community experience – creating an ongoing and evolving game which plays out with a finale that brings the story arc together. The primary goal is to keep HITMAN players fully engaged, so between bigger drops we will be creating one-off live events and live targets to keep you immersed in the experience.
Imagine a target appearing for every player in the world, for a limited time only… let's say 48 hours. Where your one shot counts. And when that target is gone, it is gone forever. A shared experience where we imagine the HITMAN community will come together every time a new mission or new location appears.


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Create an Account - Increase your productivity, customize your experience, and engage in information you care about.
Discover some of nature's hidden secrets as you search for scorpions under the glow of a black light. As dusk begins to settle in, many of the Mt. Diablo's wild critters will be out and about, soaking up the last of sun's rays, or just beginning their day to seek out food and survey their territory.
Our two mile hike will begin from the Mitchell Canyon Visitor's Center at Mt. Diablo State Park. Bring a flashlight, hiking shoes, and bottled water. Children must be accompanied by an adult. A $6 parking fee will charged at the Mt. Diablo's Mitchell Canyon Visitor's Center near Clayton. (Bring exact amount as change is not available). Designed for ages 6 and up. Cost: $15/person


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Prepared gwamegi
|Korean name
|derived from 貫目
|Revised Romanization
Gwamegi is a Korean half-dried Pacific herring or Pacific saury made during winter. It is mostly eaten in the region of North Gyeongsang Province in places such as Pohang, Uljin, and Yeongdeok, where a large amount of the fish are harvested. Guryongpo Harbor in Pohang is the most famous.[1][2][3]
Fresh herring or saury is frozen at -10 degrees Celsius and is placed outdoors in December to repeat freezing at night and defreezing in the day. The process continues until the water content of the fish drops to approximately 40%.[4]
There are records of gwamegi in the Joseon era document Ohjuyeonmunjangjeonsango (hangul:오주연문장전산고, hanja:五洲衍文長箋算稿) which mentions: "herring is smoked in order to prevent rotting". In another document Gyuhapcheongseo (hangul:규합총서, hanja:閨閤叢書), it is written: "herring with clear eyes are chosen to be dried, which give an unusual taste".[4]
The city of Pohang holds an annual Gwamegi Festival to promote the local specialty food.[5]
Prepared gwamegi with ssam
See also[edit]
- Dried and salted cod
- Hoe (dish)
- Gravlax, Scandinavian cured raw salmon
- Korean cuisine
- List of dried foods
- List of smoked foods
- Lox, Jewish cured salmon fillet
- Lutefisk, Scandinavian salted/dried whitefish
- Rakfisk, Norwegian salted and fermented fish
- ^ (in Korean) Gwamegi at Encyclopedia of Korean Culture
- ^ The True Flavor of Pohang, Gwamegi
- ^ (in Korean) Gwamegi, Hankyung News, 2009-01-23.
- ^ a b (in Korean) Gwamegi at Doosan Encyclopedia
- ^ Gwamegi Festival, Pohang City official site
- "Gwamegi". Invil: Information Network Village. Retrieved 2008-08-17.
- Korea Tourism Organization (2007-02-13). 바람이 고이 빚어낸 생선회! 포항 구룡포 과메기 (in Korean). The Chosun Ilbo. Archived from the original on 2007-07-03. Retrieved 2008-08-17.
- Jo Seong-ha (조성하) (2007-12-07). "과메기 익는 마을" 포항시 구룡포 (in Korean). Dong-a Ilbo. Retrieved 2008-08-17.
- Jang In-seok (장인석) (2002-01-11). 제철 만난 구룡포 과메기 (in Korean). Women Dong-a.
External links[edit]
- (in Korean) Festivals in Pohang
|Wikimedia Commons has media related to Gwamegi.


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Whether you are thinking about selling your home this summer, or simply want to be one of the best kept houses on the block, curb appeal will speak highly to show off a well maintained home.
While there are many things you can do, few can have as dramatic an effect as a coat of paint. Not only does paint protect your home's materials, it can instantly give you a fresh appearance that adds value too.
If the exterior is in bad shape and hasn't been painted in a while, any home improvement project will make a drastic difference. But there is a difference between looking better and a house that looks great.
For most homes, starting with a great base is what ensures a great final look. Its not as easy as picking up a bucket of paint and painting the entire house in one color. Time and care should be put into prepping the home to make sure the paint adheres and looks good. It should also be placed on choosing the right color palate to use and make the home blend into the neighborhood.
Color is important; no one wants to have the home that everyone knows – the bright orange house up on Main Street, for instance. If you haven't thought about home color in a while, one of the easiest ways to start is to drive or walk around your own neighborhood. What colors jump out at you? What do you like best? Look at all factors of color, including the body and the trim.
Next look at the parts of your home you can't change. Brick or stone is a permanent part of your home that sets the tone for your overall color scheme. Gray toned brick or stone should have color choices with gray undertones. Brown toned brick or stone should stick with the natural colors such as beige and browns.
Tips For Home Exterior Trim Color
If you have trouble selecting a color, a professional painter has experience in selecting colors for homes throughout the Denver area. He can make suggestions and show you how to choose colors that will create a pleasing visual affect on your property.
Before you paint, step back and look at the landscaping. Are there bushes or trees that encroach on your home? Cutting them back or taking them out now can allow for a wide open look and feel, and not cause problems to a fresh coat of paint. It can also help you choose what plants to take out to improve the look of your home, and give you ideas of where to buy and plant new landscaping to add more color and depth to your home.
For more help on exterior painting in Denver.
Remember, curb appeal is a work in progress. By starting with the largest part – a fresh coat of paint – you'll improve your look instantaneously.
Paint Denver is your premiere house painting company in the Denver Metro area. We are committed to professionalism, integrity, and sustainability in the painting industry. Living up to this commitment means that we follow through on our promises and treat every customer like they are our only customer while minimizing waste where possible.
Need a Quote on Your Painting Project?
Contact Paint Denver at 303.800.7575 or email email@example.com Denver painters cover house painting and commercial painting in all of the following areas: Arvada, Aurora, Boulder, Broomfield, Brighton, Castle Rock, Centennial, Denver, Englewood, Greenwood Village, Highlands Ranch, Lakewood, Littleton, Lone Tree, Parker, Thornton, Westminster and Denver Colorado metro area. Specializing in Lowry, Stapleton, Hilltop and communities in Denver Metro.


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Special Events and Festivals
Corkscrew Swamp Sanctuary is proud to host numerous nature festivals, educational events, and unique programs throughout the year that are not part of our regular program. Check back to this website often to see the latest events that we have planned for your enjoyment.
Upcoming Special Events and Festivals:
Featured Gallery Cafe Artists
Meet the Artist on January 14th from 11 am to 3 pm in the Visitor Center
There is Something About Snakes
Event Date: Monday, July 3, 2017 from 12:00 to 1:00 p.m. - 'Live Non-Venomous Snakes'
Meet Lisa Trebilcock, Local Children's Book Author
Event Date: Friday, November 18, 2016 from 5 pm to 9 pm during Corkscrew Swamp's After Hours Program.
Corkscrew Swamp Meditation
Event Date: July 1, 2017 (First Saturday of each month)
Corkscrew Watershed Science Forum
Event Date: Friday, January 27, 2017. Partnering with our Federal, State, County and other neighbors to share the latest science on the ecology of our watershed.
How you can help, right now
Donate to Protect Corkscrew's Birds and Wetlands
Make a meaningful and lasting gift to protect Corkscrew Swamp Sanctuary's rare Everglades habitat.
Become a Friend of Corkscrew Swamp Sanctuary
Friends of Corkscrew are a special group of folks who understand that their annual support is critical to maintaining the Sanctuary.
Sign Up for the Corkscrew Newsletter
Stay connected to Corkscrew Swamp. Sign up for our monthly online newsletter.


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Share the Horror ...
|Genre/Category: Horror and Supernatural
Transfers: PDF 332 ePub 101 Kindle 44
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|Free Ebook Synopsis
Includes two horror stories plus a bonus that was written by Barry Young. In "The Beast of Cherry Town," a task force of policemen and a scientist play a deadly game in bringing down a mutated creature that terrorises their suburbia. In "The Haunted Carousel," Martin Gardner finds himself face to face with a carousel horse who was possessed by a witch from the Salem witch trials.
Author's Website : http://kombat-kate.deviantart.com
Facebook Page : http://facebook.com/kombatkate


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Taking Action: Creating Model Emergency Management Plans for Schools, Institutions of Higher Education and Houses of Worship
In developing our Texas Unified School Safey and Security Standards, we insured that any Standard could be implemented, to level of scale and funding, by any school district, regardless of size and/or resources. Also, each Standard needed to be invariant across time, rather than a popular current trend. Finally, the Stadards needed to pass the "common sense test" and be viewed by at least 80% of the subject-matter-expert team as a good idea and something that schools should be doing whether or not we made it a "Standard" (e.g. drills, acess control, etc.)


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Cocteau Twins - Wax and Wane MP3
From the "Garlands" album,
Alana Henderson - Wax & Wane - CARDINAL SESSIONS (Haldern Pop Special) MP3
Subscribe // http://bit.ly/19h4eLc Facebook // http://on.fb.me/14Cyiix Website // http://bit.ly/13p8joC Alana Henderson is currently on the road playing the cello with ...
Cocteau Twins - Wax And Wane (De Meervaart, Amsterdam 29th January 1983) [Soundboard Sync] MP3
This footage was recently uploaded by YouTube user paraatheid, and that original post can be seen via the link below. I've edited it here by syncing the audio ...
Deftones - Wax and wane MP3
B-Sides And Rarities.
Cocteau Twins - Wax And Wane MP3
Wax & Wane MP3
Provided to YouTube by TuneCore Wax & Wane · Alana Henderson Wax & Wane ℗ 2014 Alana Henderson Music Released on: 2013-03-11 Auto-generated by ...
Reggie Watts | Wax and Wane MP3
An improvised music and dance performance. Musician: reggiewatts.com/ Director: jakelodwick.tumblr.com/ Dancers: indelibledance.com/
Cocteau Twins - Wax and Wane [Pink Opaque Version] [HQ 320 kbps] MP3
A rare version of the track that originally appeared on 'Garlands'. This version was remixed for 'The Pink Opaque' compilation released by 4AD/Relativity ...
Alana Henderson - Wax And Wane MP3
Ag ceiliúradh Lá Idirnáisiúnta na mBan. Performed live in Cultúrlann Uí Chanáin as part of a special concert honouring women in traditional music, 'Ceol na ...
Deftones - Wax And Wane | HD LYRICS MP3
Please drop a like here if you enjoy the content : http://www.facebook.com/machinistlyrics Carrying prose Broke my real friend The devil might steady We wax ...
Cocteau Twins - Wax and Wane (live, 1982 or 83) MP3
Taken from Suburbia, a dutch tv program from the eighties (http://www.geschiedenis24.nl/nofuture/Beeld/Hotel-Suburbia.html ). From their first album Garlands.
Deftones- Wax and Wane (Cocteau Twins Cover) MP3
This song is a copyright of Deftones & i don't own it in any way, shape, or form. Lyrics: Carrying prose Broke my real friend The devil might steady We wax and ...
Ron Ng & Kate Tsui in Wax and Wane - 吳卓羲&徐子珊在團圓 MP3
https://www.facebook.com/bluebolu Ron Ng & Kate Tsui in Wax and Wane - 吳卓羲&徐子珊在團圓: http://youtu.be/hCv7QxXQBDE Ron Ng & Kate Tsui in ...
Cocteau Twins - Wax And Wane MP3
Cocteau Twins - Wax And Wane.
Cocteau Twins - Wax and Wane (BBC) MP3
BBC Sessions.
Orange O'clock - Wax 'n' Wane (Unplugged Session) MP3
Click on the link below to download Wax 'n' Wane (unplugged) for FREE https://soundcloud.com/orange-oclock-1/waxnwane Produced and Mixed: Dominique ...
Alana Henderson Wax and Wane MP3
"Alana Henderson is 25 year old Irish singer-songwriter-cellist from Northern Ireland who released her 'bewitching' debut EP 'Wax & Wane' in February 2013 ...
Deftones - Wax and Wane MP3
The discography of Deftones, an American alternative metal band, consists of seven studio albums, three extended plays, three compilation albums, one demo ...
Wax On and Wane Off Song (Katy Perry's Hot and Cold Parody) Moon Phases Song MP3
Description: We wrote this song to help my students learn and remember the phases of the moon. We hope you enjoy it. Subscribe to our channel. "Stay safe ...
Deftones - Wax and Wane MP3
Unofficial clip for the Deftones cover of the Cocteau Twins tune Wax and Wane http://www.amazon.com/B-Sides-Rarities-Deftones/dp/B0009S3HI0.
Dorothy Ashby - Wax and Wane MP3
Dorothy Ashby - Wax and Wane The Rubaiyat Of Dorothy Ashby Cadet Records - 1970.
Traditions - "Wax & Wane" MP3
Traditions- "Wax & Wane" From the 4-Way split 7" w/ No Tide, Traditions, Knockout Kid and Fourth & Goal Stream/Purchase: ...
[完整版 Full + DL] 團圓-吳卓羲 (Ron Ng) [團圓 主題曲] MP3
《團圓》,《團圓》完整版主題曲,由吳卓羲主唱。 "Reunion", the theme song of "Wax and Wane", by Ron Ng. 下載DL: http://www.sendspace.com/file/27vl1x 歌詞| ...
Deftones - Wax And Wane - Lyrics MP3
cocteau twins wax and wane MP3
Alana Henderson recording her EP "Wax and Wane" MP3
Get the album on Bandcamp: http://alanahenderson.bandcamp.com/ Track Markers: 01:34 Wax and Wane 04:42 Song About A Song 07:15 The Tower ...
Cocteau Twins "Wax and Wane" live MP3
Cocteau Twins "Wax and Wane" live From "Garlands"
Wax and Wane Video Siiiii MP3
Footage from the amazing Sacrosanct 2014 Festival, Reading. Wax and Wane is from the new Siiiii album "Modern". We wax and wane.... We do not die...
Cocteau Twins - "Wax and Wane" on bass MP3
Wax & Wane - Eyes of Blue MP3
I was surprised when I saw that no one uploaded this yet, so I decided to upload it myself. A song by Wax & Wane titled "Eyes of Blue".


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Cubic Zircon (C.Z) Pendants, With Brass Bail, 12x19x5mm, Hole:Approx 4MM, Sold by PC
:Biggest beads and jewelry findings company in china-Gets.cn
Website: http://www.gets.cn http://fbeads.com/
We are established in 2000. We are a professional manufacturer of various beads, rhinestone Jewelry, glass beads, lampwork beads, pearls, gemstones, Pandora jewelry and Jewelry findings. We also export full sets of finished jewelry, including necklace, earrings, pendants and bracelets.
We can accept Paypal,westem union,Bank transfer etc
CZ stone necklace pendant Images


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Overview Edit
The Library and Information Science Research Coalition (LIS Research Coalition) was established in 2009, as a three-year project funded by the British Library (BL), the Chartered Institute of Library and Information Professionals (CILIP), the Joint Information Systems Committee (JISC), the Museums, Libraries and Archives Council (MLA), and the Research Information Network (RIN). Its key aims were to bring together information about LIS research opportunities and results; to encourage dialogue; to promote practitioner research and the translation of research outcomes into practice; and to promote the development of research capacity. It ended on July 31, 2012.


text: For someone who is battling addiction, recovery can be a word that doesn't seem possible. But for everyone who has battled addiction and won, they know recovery can be a reality. If you need to get help to an addiction, whether it's drugs or alcohol, there are places you can go to get a jump start on sobriety. All it takes is a little research and perseverance to stay the course. Start by finding rehab clinics in your area that deal with your specific addiction. If you're an alcoholic and find a clinic you like, but they specialize in cocaine, maybe you should look again. Or better yet, give them a call and let them talk to you about possible treatment facilities you can contact. Being informed is a great step towards recovery.


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Discussion in 'Fan Zone' started by WoodysGirl, Jul 18, 2013.
I believe Coale said he would be ready for TC
Something with his knee that limited in in OTAs and minicamp.
Sure there isn't some confusion between Leary and Livings?
I believe Leary (who does have a degenerative knee issue) did participate fully in OTA"s and minicamp where Livings did not.
Absolutely 100% meant Livings. Oops.
I haven't heard of anything new. He has the knee issue that isn't going away so who knows where that puts him on any given day but I haven't heard of anything recently.
Bingo. Garrett did not say these players aren't ready. He only said they would monitor them and see where they were with conditioning drills. He never talked specific players only Watkins did by just listing the guys who are coming off injuries.
The funny thing with Leary's knee is that without modern medical diagnostic capabilities, there would be zero indication that there is any problem with it. Apparently, he has never had pain or any issue with the knee. His condition is all about what "might" happen in the future.
Honestly I can' t believe Rat is still recovering. Good God, Some guys return form that surgery in less than 6 weeks. I had shoulder surgery in April, I hope Ware can come back at 100%, I've never had more pain in my life, and the recovery has been ridiculous!!! I don't expect Coale will even make the team. And with Dez, Austin, Williams, Harris, Beasley, it doesn't really matter who number 6 is.
What team did you play for?
lol I love how the preliminary injury report for TC from the presser is leary, livings, and LP. None of which were mentioned in watkins' article. He really isn't very good at this is he.
I didn't listen to the press conference, but one of the tweets said it was a foot thing with Livings? Don't know if that was a mistake in reporting.
I didn't listen either. I just got the updates from the DMN update thing. I know they said leary has a calf injury that occurred within the last week.


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Stayed for business for a few days. Excellent hotel for customer service. NIcely decorated, clean rooms. Customer service was outstanding. Only reason I did not rate excellent was because I asked for a quiet room in a quiet location only to find that I was in a room under the hospitality room for some convention so there was a lot of noise.
Great location - walking distance to everything.
- Official Description (provided by the hotel):
- Situated in the heart of one of Canada's most exciting cities, The Westin Calgary is located downtown where the major business centre meets the city's outdoor activities and first-class dining. ... more less
- Reservation Options:
- TripAdvisor is proud to partner with Booking.com, Expedia, Travelocity, Hotels.com, Priceline, Orbitz, Hotwire, getaroom.com and HotelQuickly so you can book your The Westin Calgary reservations with confidence. We help millions of travelers each month to find the perfect hotel for both vacation and business trips, always with the best discounts and special offers.
- Also Known As:
- The Westin Calgary Hotel Calgary
- Westin Calgary
- Calgary Westin


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Twilight $283 Million
November 21, 2011 by staff
Twilight $283 Million, Maybe protesters are occupying Breaking Dawn screenings instead—the people involved in the Twilight sequel are clearly in the 1 percent. The Twilight Saga: Breaking Dawn—Part 1 cashed in $283.5 million globally in the franchise's second-best weekend opening.
(New Moon did better in 2009.) It made $139.5 million just in the U.S. to finish No. 1 in the weekend's box-office receipts.
No other movie even came close—Happy Feet 2 has made only $22 million so far, barely half of what the first installment earned in its 2006 opening.
Please feel free to send if you have any questions regarding this post , you can contact on
Disclaimer: The views expressed on this site are that of the authors and not necessarily that of U.S.S.POST.


text: Greatest World Cup Brawls With the world cup just around the corner, the 2010 host, South Africa, is preparing for things to get heated on and off the field. Here's a look back at the brawling hooligans who made our list of greatest world cup brawls. (Note: England's domination of this list. ) View List › MelisBuzzFeed 7 years ago 2 responses


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What is JotForm?
JotForm is a free online form builder which helps you create online forms without writing a single line of code. No sign-up required.
At JotForm, we want to make sure that you're getting the online form builder help that you need. Our friendly customer support team is available 24/7.
We believe that if one user has a question, there could be more users who may have the same question. This is why many of our support forum threads are public and available to be searched and viewed. If you'd like help immediately, feel free to search for a similar question, or submit your question or concern.
How do I retrieve the submission dates on the spreadsheet?Asked by milanawithconvo on August 29, 2016 at 04:17 PM
I am not sure what happened, but the dates suddenly won't be documented after my co-workers submitted the form. I have attached the screenshot for you to view... I hope you can help me with retrieving the date for future submissions.
JotForm Support
Did you integrate Google Spreadsheet to your form and experiencing the issue in the sheet? If so, did you make any changes to the sheet? Could you try removing the existing Google spreadsheet integration and try integrating it again to see if that helps?
I have tried downloading the submissions to an Excel sheet and see that the submissions are having submissions date properly.
Let us know if you are referring to something different. We will be happy to help.
that's correct, it's integrated to the Google spreadsheet since January with all important order submissions. the spreadsheet has few other tabs of copied sheets as well that I'm afraid of losing if I re-try to integrate it to the Google spreadsheet. Will it return to the sheet if I do that?
JotForm Support
You can still re-integrate Google Spreadsheet to fix the issue, usually that resolves the problem.
Now with regards to your concern, when you remove the integration and re-integrate it again, the old spreadsheet will NOT be deleted, instead a new one will be created and all the existing submission data of that form will be automatically loaded in the new spreadsheet. The old spreadsheet will remain in your Google Drive, however, it will no longer receive submissions and updates. The newly created spreadsheet will be the only one that will work on the integration.
Here's a sample re-integration I made, you can see that my old spreadsheet is still there and the new one has been created:
May we know if you have changed the column headers on your spreadsheet, if you did, then that would explain why the specific column is not receiving the submission data specific to that field. You need to revert the column name to the original one that it has to make it work again. I strongly suggest re-integrating so that a fresh integration is made.
If you are worried that you'll lose data, you can simply copy a version of that spreadsheet or download it on your local storage for backup purposes.
Let us know if that helps.


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Floral caramel! A pretty mix of pink, yellow and white flowers to say Hello, Happy Birthday, Congratulations! What's your reason to send this bouquet? Vase is not included.
(Service fee from 125 kr)
Orders for funeral ordered by 16:00, 2 days (3 days for wreaths) before the funeral we will do our utmost to deliver, but we can not guarantee delivery after this time. The picture shows the size medium.


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First Business Financial Technical Analysis (NASDAQ:FBIZ)
Technical analysis relies on the belief that future price movements of a stock can be forecasted through the study of historical market data and technical charts. Just by looking at the First Business Financial stock price one can't take a trading decision. A trader needs to find a chart pattern, which is a clear cut pattern formation on the FBIZ stock chart which creates a trading signal.
You can view Simple Moving Average (SMA 20 day, 50 day & 100 day), Exponential Moving Average (EMA 20 day, 50 day & 100 day) charts, and Bollinger Bands for First Business Financial. The technical analysis form of First Business Financial stock analysis tries to understand the market by studying the stock market trend itself as opposed to other aspects like the company's fundamentals.
First Business Financial Moving Average:
FBIZ stock price movements can be forecasted by using triggers based on moving averages, which are also some of the simplest technical indicators. The way the averages are calculated in each of the 2 popular cases, that is SMA and EMA varies, however the interpretation of First Business Financial chart patterns after the calculations remain the same. The 100 day moving average of 24.49 is above the last closing price of 22.95. Moving averages can be used for FBIZ trend identification. A rising moving average shows that stock prices are generally increasing.
First Business Financial Bollinger Bands:
Bollinger bands comprise of a center line usually FBIZ SMA, and two FBIZ stock price bands above and below it. The stock is considered over brought when the price starts moving closer towards the upper band, and is considered oversold as stock price moves closer towards the lower band. Currently the stock price of $22.95 is in the upper range of First Business Financial bollinger bands.
First Business Financial Moving Average Convergence Divergence or MACD:
Two important concepts with respect to moving average convergence divergence or MACD are: crossovers and divergence. When the MACD rises above the signal line, it typically indicates a bullish trend and most likely the stock prices will go up. The First Business Financial MACD indicator is below 0 indicating a bearish trend.
First Business Financial Relative Strength Index:
The RSI technical indicator is a momentum oscillator. It compares the speed and change in price movements. If the RSI of FBIZ stock goes above 70 it could indicate an overbought condition, and if it goes below 30 it could signal an oversold position. .


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My boo Matt and I went to a fantastic party thrown by No Small Plans Productions this weekend to celebrate the new season of Mad Men. Everyone was dressed in their best Mad Men inspired duds and looked gorgeous.
I chose to channel my inner Megan Draper and go full sixties glam.
I found this dress for $35 at a vintage store. It was in PERFECT condition and fit like it was made for me. I pretty much won the lottery.
Sixties eye makeup. OBSESSED with this minty eyeshadow.
My boo cleans up nice too...
Thank you Emma from Trés Awesome for these lovely photos.
You can see the rest of them here.
This is what I used to get my MOD eye-makeup!


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- M A Louis Jeune, J Kumi-Diaka, J Brown
- Journal of medicinal food
- 2005
Previous studies have demonstrated the anticarcinogenic activity of pomegranate extracts and genistein in a series of human cancer cells. In the present study, the potential anticancer effects of pomegranate extracts and genistein on inhibition of cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis in human breast cancer cells was investigated. Human breast… (More)
- James Kumi-Diaka, Simone Saddler-Shawnette, Alex Aller, Jayann Brown
- Cancer Cell International
- 2004
Background: Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of male death in the United States. The incidence increases most rapidly with age, and multiple genetic and epigenetic factors have been implicated in the initiation, progression, and metastasis of the cancer. Nevertheless, scientific knowledge of the molecular mechanisms underlying the disease is… (More)
- J Kumi-Diaka, M Hassanhi, J Brown, K Merchant, C Garcia, W Jimenez
- Journal of carcinogenesis
- 2006
BACKGROUND Cancer is one of the devastating neovascular diseases that incapacitate so many people the world over. Recent reports from the National Cancer Institute indicate some significant gain therapy and cancer management as seen in the increase in the 5-year survival rate over the past two decades. Although near-perfect cure rate have been reported in… (More)
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General Election 2015: Nick Clegg resigns as leader of the Liberal Democrats
Nick Clegg has resigned as the leader of the Liberal Democrats.
Mr Clegg admitted the results were "immeasurably more crushing" than he could have feared.
His party has been reduced to a rump of just eight seats following a devastating General Election which has seen the party completely collapse even in its heartlands.
The Sheffield Hallam MP reflected on Lib Dem achievements in government and said serving his country had been a privilege.
But Mr Clegg said: "I always expected this election to be exceptionally difficult for the Liberal Democrats given the heavy responsibilities we have had to bear in government in the most challenging of circumstances.
"But clearly the results have been immeasurably more crushing and unkind than I could ever have feared. For that, of course, I must take responsibility."
Belfast Telegraph Digital


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|Jing Xue <jing...@digizenstudio.com>
|Re: Sharing ivyconf.xml
|Wed, 05 Dec 2007 17:08:34 GMT
On Wed, Dec 05, 2007 at 01:50:47PM +0100, Niklas Matthies wrote: > Hello, > > In a multi-project enterprise setting, what is the best way to share a > common ivyconf.xml between projects? We're thinking of placing the > ivyconf.xml somewhere in a shared file system, and have each project's > build file reference that location (file path or URL). Does anyone > have experience with this? Is it the usual way to handle things? We have our common ant build library script, ivy settings, and a couple of other things kept under a dedicated module, and publish them as artifacts just like others. Then they can be retrieved into other projects - using targets provided in the ant script. Of course, a new developer would have to manually copy those into his project to "bootstrap". But that only needs to be done once. Cheers. -- Jing Xue
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Best Of :: Arts & Entertainment
The re-release of the VSS's final album, Nervous Circuits, hardly needs recommendation. But Hydra Head, the label that put out the reissue, included a bonus DVD of live footage of the band from periods seemingly across its career, including shows at actual venues in Chicago, D.C., Brooklyn, Berkeley and Boulder, as well as at a church in Philadelphia. None of the footage is really professional-quality, but what makes it most interesting and significant is that it captures the essence of what it must have been like to experience those performances, flaws in sound and all. The footage also shows what a vital, powerful and important band the VSS really was.
In this odd, enigmatic play by Edward Albee, Terry Burnsed played Julian, a humble priest destroyed by a Lawyer, a Cardinal, a Butler and a seductive benefactress named Alice, who may all have been acting on behalf of a corrupt and unimaginably vicious God. Burnsed's portrayal was at the heart of Tiny Alice's power and success; in fact, he acted with such integrity and passion that you wondered how he could endure repeating the role again and again through the run.
Tyee Tilghman brings dignity, subtlety and intelligent understatement to almost everything he does on a stage. This year's triumphs included a hardened street person in Curious's The Denver Project; a small but telling role in the Denver Center's Merry Wives of Windsor, where his low-key humor contrasted nicely with all the crazed hijinks going on around him; and a gravely beautiful portrayal of Orpheus in Sarah Ruhl's conceptually daring version of the Orpheus-Eurydice myth, staged — again — by Curious.
Doubt is about a priest who may or may not be molesting a young boy at his school, and the nun who, convinced of his guilt, is determined to bring him down. Jeanne Paulsen made Sister Aloysius every bit as stern and judgmental as the script required, but she also showed us there was something admirable about the woman's strength, single-mindedness and lack of sentimentality — as well as her bracing and ironic sense of humor. Every now and then, there was even a flicker of tenderness. She was, in short, riveting.
All three divas in 3 Mo' Divas sang pieces that ranged from opera to blues to disco with great authority and power. All were sensational. But Nova Y. Payton stood out. When she gave her sexy, playful, yearning rendition of Gershwin's "Summertime," you felt as if you'd never heard the song before, and she stripped "My Funny Valentine" of its corniness. Her phrasing was original and her voice a wonder. Note to Denver directors: Bring her back to us.
Two knock-it-out-of-the-park performances, and another acting display so good it almost saved a not-very-convincing play — that was Emily Paton Davies's contribution to the theater scene this year. In Crimes of the Heart, she played ditsy husband-killer Babe. Describing the killing, this girl was so sweetly and transparently reasonable that you really understood why she'd had to make herself a jug of fresh lemonade immediately afterward (she was thirsty) and then offered her husband a glass as he writhed on the carpet (it was the mannerly thing to do). In Love Song, Paton Davies showed us that she could be tough, funny, brittle and deeply tender. This actress has been on the scene for quite a while, and she gets more versatile and talented with every year that passes.