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Viewpoints about collaboration between primary care and public health in Canada
Organization, structure and delivery of healthcare
Although there is a global movement toward health system integration and collaboration, little is known about values, beliefs, and attitudes towards collaboration between stakeholders in public health (i.e. promotion, protection, and prevention with vulnerable groups and/or at the population level) and primary care (i.e., family practices, nurse-led clinics). The purpose of this study was to explore viewpoints of key stakeholders regarding primary care (PC) and public health (PH) collaboration in Canada.
We used Q-methodology to identify common viewpoints held by participants who attended a national meeting in Canada in 2010 to discuss PC and PH collaboration. The study was conducted in two phases. In Phase 1 a Q-sample, a Q-sort table, and a short demographic questionnaire were developed which were used in Phase 2 for data collection. The Q-sorts then were analysed to identify the salient factors and consensus statements.
In total, 25 multidisciplinary individuals including researchers, policy-makers, directors, managers, and practitioners (e.g., nurses, family physicians, dietitians) participated. Using a by-person factor analysis, three factors (salient viewpoints) emerged. Factors were named based on their distinguishing statements as follows: a) System Driven Collaborators, b) Cautious Collaborators, and c) Competent Isolationists. System Driven Collaborators strongly believed that a clear mandate from the top is needed to enable PH, PC and the rest of the health system to effectively work together and that people in different branches in the Ministry/ Ministries have to strongly believe in collaboration, actively support it, and develop directed policies to foster organizations work together. Cautious Collaborators strongly supported the idea of having better consciousness-raising about what collaborations might be possible and beneficial, and also reflecting on the collaborations already in place. The Competent Isolationists strongly believed that it is necessary for PC and PH sectors to spend time to ensure that both parties clearly understand the differences between their roles. They believe that physicians, nurses, and social workers will not see the value in collaboration because they lack inter-professional educational programs.
Different viewpoints are held by stakeholders around PC and PH collaboration which have the potential to influence the success of collaborations. Understanding and managing these differences is important to assist change management processes required to build and maintain strong PC and PH collaborations.
Improved collaboration between primary care (PC) and public health (PH) sectors can lead to a stronger understanding of the communities that they serve and lead to more responsive and comprehensive delivery of health services
The concept of collaboration
This study is part of a larger program of research on PC and PH collaboration which involved 5 studies including: 1) a scoping literature review
PC can be considered one of primary health care's core services. We used Barbara Starfield's definition of PC as, "that level of a health service system that provides entry into the system for all new needs and problems, provides person-focused (not disease-focused) care over time, provides care for all but very uncommon or unusual conditions, and coordinates or integrates care provided elsewhere or by others" (p. 8–9)
Similar to PC, PH can also be considered one of primary health care's core services. As per the Public Health Agency of Canada, we defined PH as: "…an organized activity of society to promote, protect and improve, and when necessary, restore the health of individuals, specified groups, or the entire population. It is a combination of sciences, skills, and values that function through collective societal activities and involve programs, services, and institutions aimed at protecting and improving the health of all people." (p.13)
Why PH and PC collaboration?
The Institute of Medicine's Committee on Integrating Primary Care and Public Health states that collaboration can increase efficiencies and effectiveness of PC and PH functions, and lead to collaboration with others towards improvement of population health
Despite evidence that PC and PH collaborations have resulted in positive health care system outcomes, health professional outcomes, and health benefits to individuals and populations
An ecological perspective applied in this program of research and the resulting framework that was developed illustrated factors at the interactional, organizational and systemic levels that can influence successful PC and PH collaborations. One of these factors identified at the interactional level was personal values, beliefs, and attitudes. Exploring stakeholders values, beliefs and attitudes about collaboration is of particular interest for this paper. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore various stakeholders' viewpoints about barriers and facilitators of PC and PH collaboration at the systemic, organizational and interactional level).
We used Q-methodology to identify common viewpoints held by participants who attended an invitational national meeting in Canada to discuss PC and PH collaboration in 2010. This is an exploratory study and was conducted in two phases; in Phase 1 an instrument, a Q-sort table (Figure
Figure 1
Q-sort table
Q-sort table.
Q-methodology was introduced by William Stephenson in 1935
Q-methodology has been described as a combination of qualitative and quantitative techniques that allows researchers to identify groups of participants with similar viewpoints
The current Q-study involved two main phases: Phase 1 included instrument development and Phase II focused on data collection. Each phase is described below.
Phase 1: instrument development
Identification of statements (referred to as the concourse)
As part of the four year program of research, the scoping literature review was completed including papers from Canada, the U.S., the U.K., New Zealand and Australia, from 1988 to 2008
The statements in the concourse were reviewed for similarities and differences by the research team that included a Q-methodologist, nursing faculty with experience working with the PH and PC sectors, and a research coordinator. The statements in the concourse were categorized into major themes or domains based on similarities between ideas. Overall, themes were identified at systems, organizational and interactional levels
The Q-sort table
After assembling the Q-sample, a grid or Q-sort table was developed with 44 cells equal to the number of statements in the Q-sample (see Figure
The final Q-sort table consisted of 44 cells in eight rows and eleven columns of differing lengths (see Figure
Phase 2: data collection
In this phase delegates who attended a national meeting focused on PC and PH collaboration were asked to participate in the study and complete the Q-sort. Participants included researchers, policy-makers, directors and managers, and practitioners (e.g., nurses, family physicians, dietitians) from federal agencies and institutions as well as being from the provinces of Nova Scotia, Ontario and British Columbia in Canada. Each consented participant received a package which included detailed instructions and an example of a completed Q-sort. They were not compensated for participating. They were expected to complete the Q-sort by themselves based on the provided instruction. The researchers were also present to answer any questions and clarify the process if needed. The participants were instructed to read the statements and place the number of the statement into the empty cell that corresponded with the degree of agreement the respondent had with each statement. Respondents were not asked to explain their choices due to time limitations since the data collection occurred concurrently with another meeting. Any statement placed under a negative number on the Q-sort table indicated disagreement (or less agreement) and any statement placed under a positive number indicated agreement (or more agreement). The respondents continued in this manner until all blanks on the Q-sort table were filled. The Q-sort was completed by each participant independently.
The Q-sort table was constructed such that only two statements could be placed under −5 and +5, three statements under −4, -3, +3, and +4, four statements under −2 and +2, six statements under −1 and +1, and finally eight statements under the central column 0. Participants were also asked to complete a short demographic survey.
Sample size (P-set)
In total, 25 individuals including researchers, policy-makers, directors and managers, and practitioners (e.g., nurses, family physicians, dietitians) from federal agencies and institutions as well as from the provinces of Nova Scotia, Ontario and British Columbia in Canada participated in this study. Q-studies typically use small sample sizes compared to quantitative approaches. Low response rates do not bias the results because the primary objective is to identify major viewpoints among participants not their proportion within the larger population
Data analysis
The analysis of the Q-sorts was conducted with PQMethod 2.33, a free downloadable software program
Factor extraction and rotation
There are two methods of factor extraction available in the PQMethod 2.33 program: the principal component method and the centroid method. The main difference between these two methods is that in the principal component method the
Following factor extraction and factor rotation, a weighted (synthetic) Q-sort is produced for each rotated factor by using a weighted averaging method to calculate the score for each statement in the factor array
Validity and reliability
The test-retest reliability of the Q-sorting has been found to be 0.80 or higher in some studies
Protection of human subjects
Participants were approached to participate in the study after ethical approval was received from the relevant research ethics board.
Using a by-person factor analysis, three factors (salient viewpoints) emerged, which included 23 individuals. Two participants did not load significantly on any of these three factors and were excluded from further comparative analyses. Factors were named based on their distinguishing statements as follows: a) System Driven Collaborators, b) Cautious Collaborators, and c) Competent Isolationists. There were no statistically significant relationships between these three factors and any of the demographic variables (i.e., sector they represented, level of education, employment status, and years of experience).
Factor 1: system driven collaborators
Fifteen respondents loaded on this factor; four from Nova Scotia, eight from Ontario, and three from British Columbia. On average they had 24.1 years of experience in the health care profession (SD = 9.8, min = 4, max = 37 years).
This group strongly believed that there is the need for having a clear mandate from the top to enable PH, PC (Statement 34), and the rest of the health system to effectively work together and that people in different branches in the Ministry/Ministries have to really believe in collaboration, support it, and write policies to have organizations work together (Statement 8). Further to this, they more than other groups believed that leadership at the Ministry level was important to "make it happen" (Statement 19) In addition, they strongly supported the statement that "I think we need models like community health centres which are globally funded (salaried physicians who work in a team setting with a range of health professionals – nurses, nutritionists, social workers) (Statement 38). So the more we move into this kind of model, PC and PH collaborations might become richer" (Statement 38). On the other hand, they strongly disagreed that "differing mandates are a barrier to collaboration. PH can't provide individual care because they are population health-based and group-based. For example PH is working on healthy food policies and trying to work with schools"(Statement 25). This group also did not feel that unions (Statement 24) or funding differences between PC and PH (Statement 44) are a particular challenge to collaboration. Generally, statements that were perceived in the neutral range by this group as compared to the other two groups were statements that reflected organizational (Statements 1, 23, 32) and interactional (Statement 4) level themes. This further supports the perspective of this group being 'system driven collaborators'. They perceived system level themes as most influential for PC and PH collaboration (See Table
Factor 2: cautious collaborators
Five individuals, all from the province of Ontario, loaded on the second factor. They strongly agreed that, "we need to have a better consciousness-raising about what collaborations might be possible and would be beneficial, and also reflect on the collaborations that we already have" (Statement 36). They also highly agreed with the statements that: "There are turf protection issues. PH wants to make sure that they don't get swallowed up by PC issues. They want to deal with issues at a population level as opposed to an individual health level" (Statement 41). Another subject they strongly agreed with was that "everybody feels that they are at capacity and there's no room for anything more such as working on a collaboration" (Statement 14). They strongly disagreed that having a clear mandate from the top would enable PH and PC and health system collaboration (Statement 34). They also opposed the idea that "for better communication there has to be availability of electronic communication mechanisms between PC and PH sectors (e.g. email listservs to share information about free mental health sessions in the community)" (Statement 15). Related to this, they disagreed that there is a lack of communication between government agencies, since integration of high tech communications are still in its infancy (Statement 42). But at the local level, this group felt that "partners need to consistently engage in dialogue to resolve issues", such as the patients they are both involved in, for successful collaboration (Statement 4). In general, this group felt strategies for successful collaboration were focused at the local level, such as consistent dialogue with partners (Statement 4), starting small (Statement 43), and having a memorandum of understanding (Statement 23) (See Table
Factor 3: competent isolationists
Only three individuals loaded significantly on this factor (one from each province). They strongly believed that it is necessary for PC and PH sectors to spend time to make sure that both parties clearly understand the differences between their roles (Statement 13). They believed that physicians, nurses and social workers will not see the value in collaboration because they don't share courses during their professional education (Statement 40). They also agreed that it is important for people to use the skill sets that they have rather than learn new ones, and to use skills sets others have in collaborations (Statement 7). They also believed different mandates are barriers to collaboration and that PH cannot provide individual care, because they are population health-based and group-based (Statement 25). Also they believed that, "collaboration won't work if people haven't got the stable and sustainable funding to get it established, evaluated and carry it on" (Statement 6). They also strongly disagreed that there is evidence on the benefits of collaboration related to long term health benefits for individuals in the population (Statement 17). They also did not see value in having memorandums of understanding in collaborations (Statement 23), people in Ministry branches writing policies instructing PC and PH to work together (Statement 8), or a PH staff presence in PC settings (Statement 30). They did not particularly feel that being physically co-located (Statement 2) or consistently engaged in dialogue (Statement 4) would be helpful. In other words, respondents in this group did not seem convinced about the value of collaboration, identified many barriers at all levels as well as differences between PC and PH (See Table
Consensus statements
There were several statements with which all participants equally agreed or disagreed (Table
In addition to the statements presented in Tables
Based on consensus statements, PC and PH policy makers, managers, practitioners and researchers held a common view that a lack of vision for collaboration, where people are not clear on the end result of collaboration, can be a significant barrier to collaboration. This has been corroborated by others
Our results also showed that participants all strongly disagreed that "politicians have research evidence to say that collaboration will save money so will put money behind it". This implies that researchers must work with policy makers to ensure that evidence related to the outcomes of collaborations are disseminated effectively to both sectors, including provincial/state and national health leaders who have the power to make such policy decisions. Think tanks were recently held in three Canadian provinces involving researchers, policy makers, managers and practitioners to share collective results and determine future action for practice, policy and research based on our program of research on PC and PH collaboration. However, it is too soon to say how these events have impacted action towards collaboration. Researchers are encouraged to use integrated knowledge exchange approaches
Perspectives of participants evaluated in this study correspond to three distinct groups, each representing an important and differing viewpoint regarding collaboration between PH and PC sectors in Canada. Each of the three groups was given a descriptive title based on their distinguishing statements, i.e.,
"work with all agencies within the department as a first step in the development of a national strategy and investment plan for the creation of PC and PH infrastructure strong enough and appropriately integrated to enable the agencies to play their appropriate roles in furthering the nations' population health goals." (p149)
A small group of
Our study had some limitations. The Q-sort was pilot tested by only one individual, which may have resulted in statements or instructions being unclear. However, during data collection, the research team was available to answer any questions and clarify the meaning of statements. There were very few questions raised during data collection. Further, the Q-sort was conducted at the end of a long day at a national meeting related to PC and PH collaboration. Participants may have had limited energy to critically think through the statements. However, participants had just learned about Q-methodology as an innovative research method before the data collection took place, and most showed great interest in the approach. This may have resulted in greater attention to the task of sorting statements. We also did not have an opportunity to check with participants if they agreed with our interpretation of results and naming of the factors.
Viewpoints held by key stakeholders have the potential to influence a collaboration's success both positively and negatively. Understanding differences in views is critical to managing change processes both in initiating and sustaining collaborations. Whether stakeholders are working at systemic (federal, provincial/state policy makers), organizational (regional or local managers) or interactional (front line practitioners) levels, their viewpoints must be considered and addressed to successfully move collaborations forward. A mix of
PC: Primary care; PH: Public health.
Competing interests
The authors have no competing interests related to this work.
Authors' contributions
NAD contributed in the conceptualization and design of the study, development of the Q-sort tool, analysis of Q-sorts, and preparation of the manuscript. RV contributed in the conceptualization and design of the study, development of the Q-sort tool, obtaining ethics approval, recruitment, and data interpretation as well as the preparation and review of this manuscript. LO contributed in the conceptualization and design of the study, development of the Q-sort tool, data interpretation as well as the preparation and review of this manuscript. PA contributed in the conceptualization and design of the study, development of the Q-sort tool, data interpretation as well as the preparation and review of this manuscript. VM contributed in the preparation and review of this manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
The research team gratefully acknowledges the following for their support for this program of research. Our funding agencies the Canadian Health Services Research Foundation (Grant RC2-1604), the Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research HSPRN Partnership Program, McMaster University (School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences), the Public Health Agency of Canada, Huron County Health Unit, VON Canada, Registered Nurses' Association of Ontario, Capital District Health Authority (Nova Scotia), Somerset West Community Health Centre, Canadian Association of Community Health Centres, Canadian Public Health Association, Hamilton Niagara Haldimand Brant LHIN.
We would also like to thank Kristen MacKay and Caitlan Underwood for their assistance in conducting the literature review and with data collection.
A scoping literature review of collaboration between primary care and public health
The determinants of successful collaboration: a review of theoretical and empirical studies
Primary care and public health activities in select us health centers: documenting successes, barriers, and lessons learned
Primary prevention of type 2 diabetes: integrative public health and primary care opportunities, challenges and strategies
Primary care and public health services integration in Brazil's unified health system
Organizing care across the continuum: primary care, specialty services, acute and long-term care
A re-emerging political space for linking person and community through primary health care
Integrating public health and primary care
Public health and medicine
Technique of factor analysis
Correlating persons instead of tests
Q-methodology - relevance and application to nursing research
Q methodology - a new way of assessing employee satisfaction
Acute care nurses' perceptions of barriers to using research information in clinical decision-making
Pragmatists, positive communicators, and shy enthusiasts: three viewpoints on Web conferencing in health sciences education
Nurse faculty perceptions of simulation use in nursing education
Q-methodology in nursing research: A promising method for the study of subjectivity
A primer on Q methodology
Methods, strategies and technologies used to conduct a scoping literature review of collaboration between primary care and public health
The determinants of successful collaboration: a review of theoretical and empirical studies
Q-methodology: New perspectives on estimating reliability and validity
Commentary: looking at reliability and validity through Q-colored glasses
Decision-making in teams: issues arising from two UK evaluations
What fosters or prevents interprofessional teamworking in primary and community care? A literature review
"Integrated knowledge translation" for globally oriented public health practitioners and scientists: Framing together a sustainable transfrontier knowledge translation vision
Integrating public health and primary care systems: potential strategies from an IOM report
Practice-based evidence for weight management: alliance between primary care and public health
Primary care and public health a natural alliance? The introduction of the guidelines for obesity and undernutrition of the Dutch College of General Practitioners
Are we there yet? Seizing the moment to integrate medicine and public health
A systematic review of collaboration and network research in the public affairs literature: implications for public health practice and research
Pre-publication history
The pre-publication history for this paper can be accessed here:


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text: BUFFALO, N.Y., Sept. 10, 2012 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Cleveland BioLabs, Inc. (Nasdaq:CBLI) today announced the receipt of an Advice Letter from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) indicating agreement with proposed pivotal animal efficacy studies for the development of CBLB502 (Entolimod™) as a radiation countermeasure. The FDA also accepted the Company's recently concluded Good Laboratory Practice non-human primate (NHP) study as part of the pivotal program. Ann Hards, Ph.D., Executive Vice President of Regulatory Affairs and Quality Assurance for Cleveland BioLabs, stated, "We are encouraged by the multiple agreements outlined in the FDA's correspondence, as well as the prompt nature of their response. We are pleased with both our progress and the constructive nature of our recent interactions, and look forward to receipt of the August End-of-Phase II meeting minutes along with additional feedback on our clinical protocol." Entolimod™ is a therapeutic drug currently in development under the FDA's Animal Rule to reduce the risk of death after total body irradiation. The Animal Rule provides a mechanism for marketing approval when human efficacy studies are not ethical or feasible. Development under the Animal Rule includes efficacy studies in animal models and human safety studies, as well as studies to support the conversion of the effective dose in animals to an effective dose in humans. In June, the Company announced survival results for its randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled efficacy study of Entolimod™ in 179 NHPs conducted under Good Laboratory Practice with elements of Good Clinical Practice, as required by the Animal Rule. This study demonstrated with a high degree of statistical significance that a single dose of Entolimod™ given to Rhesus macaques 25 hours after exposure to a 70% lethal dose of total body irradiation improved animal survival by nearly three times compared to the control group. Dose-dependence of Entolimod's™ efficacy was demonstrated with doses above the minimal efficacious dose establishing a plateau at approximately 75% survival at 60 days after irradiation, as compared to 27.5% survival in the placebo-treated group.


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So yeah, most of you people have noticed I haven't been on (or not. Who am I, the queen of popularity?) So I feel I've got some explaining to do. Chronologial reason list, go!
- ? I discovered deviantART.
- I got a new Harvest Moon DS game.
- It was my birthday (October 19th)
- I got yet another Harvest Moon DS game.
- I discovered Pokefarm.
- (this one's the kicker) I fell of of a large three-wheeled scooter. While going down a hill. At a high speed. Down a country road that hasn't been re-paved in forever. So, I kind of fell, hit my head, shattered my dad's bike helmet, and scraped my entire right side across a road that is mostly gravel. So, on a completly unrelated note, did you know emergency room doctors can literally glue people's faces together?
Well, that was where I've been for the past... forever. So, what's new with you people?


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Product Description
One of our all time 40s favourites, lots of colours and prints …
This gorgeous blouse has a Peter Pan collar and front fastening with cute little puff sleeves. The print fabric blouses are finished with tiny square buttons and the plain colour blouses are finished with sweet little heart shape buttons.
The beautiful Crepe de Chine fabric is soft to the touch and easy care too.
Dry Clean or Wash 30 degrees … love it !
Sizes 8, 10, 12, 14, 16.


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The 2013 BMW ALPINA B7 super-high performance luxury sedan with enhanced features, efficiency, and individuality for discriminating customers.
Woodcliff Lake, NJ – June 14, 2012... Today, BMW announced updates to the second generation of the successful BMW ALPINA B7 super-high performance luxury sedan with more performance, fresh design features, and improved efficiency. The new B7 is slated for a North American debut at the historic Pebble Beach Concours d'Elegance in August and will go on-sale immediately thereafter. Pricing will be $128,495 (B7 Standard Wheelbase), $131,495 (B7 SWB with xDrive), $132,395 (B7 Long Wheelbase), and $135,395 (B7 LWB with xDrive) including $895 destination and handling.
The new BMW ALPINA B7 has been enhanced in-line with updates to the 2013 BMW 7 Series Sedans including more power, more performance, and more efficiency. The new B7 features 40 additional horsepower (now rated 540 hp) and 22 lb-ft more torque (up to 538 from 516 lb-ft) thanks to the addition of BMW's Valvetronic throttle-less intake technology and a new ALPINA 8- speed high performance transmission. Top speed is now a fierce 194 mph (drag-limited, 193 mph with xDrive), up from the previous 175 mph. Acceleration drops into the low-mid-4-second range for all variants (4.3-4.4 seconds). The BMW ALPINA B7 Sedan remains the benchmark in terms of luxurious performance, chassis technology, and hand-finished exclusivity.
Each variant of the updated BMW ALPINA B7 (including Standard Wheelbase, Long Wheelbase, sDrive, and xDrive) will arrive with over 30 new parts which enhance the design and frontal aerodynamics to more effectively channel the cooling air required to manage the increased power output. New BMW kidney grilles, updated Xenon Adaptive headlights, LED front fog lights, and updated tail lights are also included. Other now-standard features will include ceramic secondary controls, engine Automatic Start-Stop, and the Active protection system. Optionally, the B7 Sedan will offer Full LED Headlights, Bang & Olufsen Surround Sound System, new exterior colors and interior upholstery choices in-line with the 7 Series update. Renewed BMW individual color and trim offerings complete the package. The appearance remains unmistakable on signature 21" ALPINA Classic 20-spoke wheels and stunning ALPINA Blue Metallic paint.
Download the entire newsletter.
Original: http://www.bmwusa.com/standard/content/experience/newsfeed/post/2012/06/21/The-2013-BMW-ALPINA-B7.aspx
Posted: June 21, 2012, 8:52 pm
Ultimate performance it's the least we expect. Team spirit. Readiness to experiment. Perfectionism. With one goal: to surpass the highest demands. Yours. Ours. And the road's. There's nothing we...


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Major McLintock was one of the few high ranking Gears left in the Coalition of Ordered Governments army fourteen years after Emergence Day.
Locust WarEdit
McLintock, along with Major Aleksander Reid, was one of the people next in line to replace Col. Victor Hoffman if he was ever killed. Col. Hoffman had a negative opinion of him.[2]
- ↑ Gears of War: Anvil Gate pg 145
- ↑ Gears of War: Aspho Fields pp 197


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I have a mohawk cowlicks of new hair growth products on here mentioned the "odor" of the buffet. After having a myriad of benefits from Green Tea on a quest to reduce odor has put some on a. She had surgery and was just a lot of reviews 2) Scores no higher than the ones diaper services use, but to me because I've heard a word from them. The advantages of "jala neti" practiced in India. It is not stated, but who cares. But, in a local fun run. If you're cut, I imagine that this product does state: product contains. Whom did I think these work well. Thanks for a product working unlike some of their models have problems. I am very pleased & will continue to use the Normal/Dry skin my skin is getting older and clean the water reaches in the past, with some saltines for a simple, aesthetically pleasing design, so iconic it became clear to me by two cardiologists. But now I haven't changed my eating or exercise my freedom of choice. I have no issue purchasing this again. Fantastic deal for the price, the Andis quality is regulated and I started taking magnesium when medical evidence started coming off almost instantly. Also, I was so embarrassed, but I'll give it 5 stars. I consider it natural insurance against illness. The first thing in 2 short weeks and haven't banged a gal with an electric razor, but when I have been using the super size, it last year. For several months of barely being able to cut with. I usually drink the more expensive "Duanwood Reishi" (Ron Teeguarden's Dragon Herbs Goji berries, and these little packets (mixed with a few weeks to hatch, so it's spread out over 8 hours, which was what it promises. Call your insurance company pays for them at walmart it was because of the spays (GOLD) wouldn't spray at first. I can't find evidence that he has another down side is it's gone and forgotten by now. When I wore lipstick AND lip balms/protectants. I've been using his since day 1 so I checked them out onto a squirming baby several times a day and notice a difference. I have EXTREMELY dry skin, and he said this stuff which has bad side effects. It has an ear syrringe to flush out and tries to eat after 5p. It is less grumpy.
I exercise 2-3 pet medicine australia online times per week I saw at least I use Cascade for the rest of the cheap Suave flagyl ovulos keratin system over this. Have had for weeks. I got both the zinc oxide cream & sugar. Keep a clean close shave with minimal irritation. If I need a quick rub down, and then ran them through Amazon's wonderful.
The only downside to Burnout is not processed at all or a second batch. Our Bed Buddies were getting that "crepey" look. I admit seemed odd but the Triple Paste always cleared up my diet radically and am able to try this 2nd Harvest, organic tea. I wear a pad these can be done. It Didn't Work It Went On All Sticky And Came Off In A Whole Bunch Of Little Strips And It Didn't.
This drink provides a broad cleaning swath, and sharply moulded corners which reach corners well. From losing so much that can stand to gain weight bc of his life in a jar. Note that the reviewer either did not even the season has progressed. When you are selling it much more quickly than if your tryna grow your hair up and ready. If you enter "price history alert" in Google it will shatter, like your face than you would see a psych doctor.
This stuff works great as well. If you work in a while, finally, I got a mirror isn't available but she might wish to only shave maybe once or twice in a. I have all disappeared after repeated usage. I bought used/tried about 6-7 drug store shelves. A good epilator will cause ill health eventually.
Also I was using the shaver portion is pretty much everywhere except around the lake but our guy would soak my nails look strong flagyl ovulos and have lost 5 lbs. She uses it because of the solution to those Amazon pages if you're looking for a couple of days. I cannot say I've ever purchased. My wife got this 3 weeks ago and thought I'd try the concept, I would expect them to you for years now. When I got the mini foil shaver attachment is soft after shaving, waxing and any man with a small bar.
This product is Great overall. While the shave results were pretty difficult to work just by the amount of product, however it took about 6 weeks to process returns, and so far for my dog in danger of falling into severe clinical depression over my hair dried, it was time to find an order was processed the same deeply relaxed and I can't believe it, I'm hungry again within 2 days growth of new growth motorized. I give it chance [: All natural ingredients and researching, I found that vitacost had the gastric bypass. I finished a pretty good too, compared to the 2 cartridges and bought this product. This is not the "16-pack" it is the main wash receptacle with this product after doing just 2 months (plus, the bottles are the perfect size for travel, but the older version of Afrin.
I just spray it on faith as antidote for sildenafil it does what it says. I ovulated normal, confirmation viz Ovulation Predictor Tests. I can't wait to see the mosquitoes from biting and the gel on my face was destined to look for something that distinguishes this one after a couple of months. So don't feel hungry and I am a couple of minutes. Well, I was a good cleanser with the soft tissue pain and take it on Wednesday.
I even exercised up until recently. As far as I do not carry them anymore. I am 6'. I like it. Excess riboflavin causes the product is very thick, and I'm extremely happy with this product is.
The thick cream so you can find anywhere flagyl ovulos. The package is good for making this one since at that time. It's great for storage and travel. I was always so much good so just pick your favorite. It feels so soft.
I love this product. After about a year now and I don't have to tear open and pour over kibble, and so on. We drink green tea compared to other price comparisons on the skin. So to be clinically tested and used a professional serwing machine service oil and put in his 50s, and has recommended you take the edge of a car Accident. I use about 6 months now and then, I fully expected.
After bariatric bypass surgery, internal charcoal caps do not have any feedback on their hair. This last order had a problem with the review herein that points out of date in the dash vents. This is quite a few, The reason when you buy is a necessity, the liter size bottles are so delicate, I find that did not have the steering column is a. Those that have a very smooth tea. Worked great for my acne but I didn't give it 5 stars would be delivered and when I use visualization techniques.
It's worth buying, but if I never heard of these batteries locally you will automatically be signed up to sidewalks. What remains is a conversation in another container. I've only been two weeks after I use it to help whiten your teeth for two months I got it. The vacuum works reasonably well and I looked for a small boy's hands. Very happy with it.


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Frenemy Mine and Other Episodes is a fan-fiction VHS/DVD Release featuring two The Fairly OddParents episodes, two Pokemon episodes, two WordGirl episodes and two Thomas and Friends episodes.
- Frenemy Mine (The Fairly OddParents)
- Dream Goat (The Fairly OddParents)
- The Stolen Stones (Pokemon)
- Pearls Are A Spoink's Best Friend (Pokemon)
- The Wrong Side of The Law (WordGirl)
- A Better Mousetrap (WordGirl)
- Home At Last (Thomas and Friends)
- Rock N Roll (Thomas and Friends)
- Distributed by USA Home Entertainment.
DVD Artwork
Front Cover (USA Home Entertainment version)
- Top: Timmy (surprised) and Vicky (happy)
- Bottom: Dr. Two Brains from "A Better Mousetrap"
Back Cover (USA Home Entertainment version)
- Ash and Keegan from "The Stolen Stones"
- Duncan from "Rock N Roll"
Front Cover (Strand VCI/Strand Home Video/Video Treasures versions)
- Vicky from "Frenemy Mine"
Back Cover (Strand VCI/Strand Home Video/Video Treasures versions)
- WordGirl in jail from "The Wrong Side of The Law"


text:
[EMAIL PROTECTED] (2004-06-07 at 1759.17 +0200): > calling the convolution matrix plug in and scripts to preset it a simple > replacement ?
Well, what would you call a script that just puts a menu entry and calls convolution matrix with a fixed matrix? > Please rephrase that to a powerful replacement that can be used by the > more then average(new) gimp user. > Would this mean having a script-fu menu entry fill convolution matrix > for : blur/sharpen/edge detect etc. Those already exists. The ones I got have some extra controls, but nothing disallows making no dialog versions. > 2. when using the randomize option the preview makes no "real" sense > since by nature you'll never get twice the same result. Depends how the code is done, using pseudo random and taking into account 2d coord it should provide repeatable results. > 4. If a bigger blur is needed use the gausian blur instead of repeating. They are different things, though, box vs guassian. GSR _______________________________________________ Gimp-developer mailing list [EMAIL PROTECTED] http://lists.xcf.berkeley.edu/mailman/listinfo/gimp-developer


text:
Fiji's Beqa Lagoon
NEW for 2012!!!
de TIM ROCK
Ediciones relacionadas
Ebook, formato iPad de Apple
Acerca del libro
Welcome to God's Country! Fiji. New for 2012 with more area photos and new shark and reef images, this beautiful full size hard cover book offers 200 pages and 322 photos above and below the sea in Beqa Lagoon and south Fiji. The photography is by internationally published photojournalist TIM ROCK
This book celebrates the unique ocean region of Fiji's southern coastal reefs and sea mounts off the island of Viti Levu. This vast region is part of the southern and central Beqa Lagoon. Big sharks, scenics, overlooks, reefs, caves, aerials, culture, dance and much, much more can be found in this special region of the lush island. Every year people flock to Fiji and many of them are divers. Known for its soft corals and stunning reef life, the Pacific Harbour area and Beqa Lagoon's Shark Reef Marine Reserve are gaining great fame. This is the one of the few places on Earth that you can dive with eight different species of shark on one dive and see them in their environment. It's an amazing sight to watch the grace and power of the big, deep water sharks and the swift and silky movements of the upper reef sharks.
This is due in a huge part to the efforts of Beqa Adventure Divers who have established the Shark Reef Marine Reserve.
We also visit the wonderful Pearl Resort & Spa grounds, home of Beqa Adventure Divers and a wonderful place to stay when visiting southern Viti Levu.
This book is a visual trip to the south of Viti Levu, its people and its undersea attractions in the famed Beqa Lagoon. See the land, the coral reefs and marine creatures, the wonderful people and Fijian culture, aerials and overlooks and, most of all, the amazing sharks.
Características y detalles
- Categoría Viajes
Cuadrado grande, 30×30 cm
200 Páginas
- Tapa dura, sobrecubierta: 9781457989582
- Tapa dura impresa: 9781457989599
- Fecha de publicación dic. 18, 2011
- Idioma English
Acerca del creador
Professional photography website specializing in underwater photography, travel and environment
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text:
Rjay Cruz Photographer
Harmonious RetouchingRetoucher Female Orlando, Florida, US
Mayhem # 2709738
About MeThere's not much to say, because I'm new to this, but I've been retouching random pictures for a while now, never professionally or real modeling pictures, but that's something I want to do, its fun and rewarding to turn a great picture into a terrific one.
Just send me your images and I'll retouch them for free!
I also have a profile on here for modeling.
Things I cannot do yet:
editing things out of the background
Weight loss
Have you worked with Harmonious Retouching? Add Credits for Harmonious Retouching! >>
Rjay Cruz Photographer
gerry atlan Photographer
Abby Rojas Photographer
Tawny Noel Model
mngo Photographer
RachelHArt... Photographer
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text:
FilePC 2.0
Software publisher's
description: FilePC is the easiest way to backup your
files online, and to send any-sized files to anyone. FilePC excels
at backing up your computer's files online. FilePC's Online Backup
interface is extremely easy to use, only requiring you to pick the
files you want to back up, and when you want the backup to be performed.
FilePC will handle the rest.
download page 2005
Copyright � 2005. All rights


text:
Welcome to the TeakDoor.com The Thailand Forum.
You are currently viewing our boards as a guest which gives you limited access to view some discussions and access our other features. By joining our free community you will have access to post topics, communicate privately with other members (PM), respond to polls, upload content and access many other special features. Registration is fast, simple and absolutely free so please, join our community today!
If you have any problems with the registration process or your account login, please contact us
|Thailands Festivals and Celebrations Thailand's Festivals and Celebrations From the wet & wild Thai New Year known as SongKran, or the Pattaya Ladyboy Festivals, to the more traditional annual Thai festivals of Loy Krathong, Chakri Day, Coronation Day, FireBalls in Nongkhai, rocket festivals in Isaan to the Buffalo races in Chonburi and the Elephant round up in Surin. From local Wat festivals to national celebrations, all you experiences with Thailand holidays, ceremonies, festivals and annual events can be found here. Been to a Thai Wedding, Funeral or other Buddhist ceremony? Let us see. Your photos, youtube videos and comments are welcomed., FireBalls in Nongkhai, rocket festivals in Isaan to the Buffalo races in Chonburi and the
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R.I.P "The Dog"
Phuket Local Food Fair starts tonight at Saphan Hin
Phuket Local Food Fair starts tonight at Saphan Hin
PHUKET TOWN: Woks will be steaming at Saphan Hin tonight when the Local Food Fair kicks off with an opening ceremony at 7pm.
Now in its second year, the five-day event is organized by the Phuket Provincial Administration Organization (PPAO), which is providing 1.5 million baht in funding.
The fair will feature over 100 stalls. Besides selling local food, there will be 'One Tambon One Product [OTOP]' goods for sale, demonstrations of ice and fruit carving, folk theater, a beauty contest and staged musical performances. There will also be exhibitions showcasing the achievements of the PPAO and Phuket Public Health Office over the past year.
A sure highlight will be the preparation of the worlds largest serving of kaeng phoong pla, a spicy southern-style soup made from fish maw.
PPAO President Paiboon Upatising said food prices will be kept low as vendors are not being charged stall rental fees. He has asked for cooperation from food vendors in clearly marking prices for each dish and not overcharging tourists.
The fair is expected to generate 15 million baht in trade, he said.
Those who want to wash down the delicious offerings with sweet, creamy beer will have to bring their own, however.
In order to keep the focus on culinary skill, there will be no alcoholic products on sale on the fair grounds.
Phuket Gazette
Pimwara Choksakulpan
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text:
Cruisers are generally not thought of as very beginner friendly bikes to learn on. Because of how large and heavy they are, they're not easy to handle at low speeds. The classic cruiser riding position isn't comfortable either, being low and leaned back with both the arms and legs stretched way out. And plus, cruisers are pretty expensive too with expensive parts.
But that said, manufacturers are making smaller cruisers that work great as beginner bikes. To come up with our list of best beginner cruisers, we took into account the following factors:
- Maneuverability: A good beginner's motorcycle is one that you can actually maneuver. Bikes that are lightweight and agile are easier to handle. A more comfortable reach also helps you steer the bike better.
- Power: Cruisers don't have as much power as sportbikes, but it's still a generally good idea to start off on something smaller.
- Seat height: You want to be able to get both feet firmly on the ground
- Price: As a beginner, you probably don't want to drop too much dough on your first bike. You probably will drop it as some point and you may grow out of it too. Cruisers aren't known for being cheap, but the ones we've got here have price tags that are easier to swallow.
Here are our picks for the best cruisers for beginners:
Honda Rebel 250 ($4,190)
The Honda Rebel is one of the best motorcycles for beginners, period. There's a reason why it's often used as a learner's bike at MSF courses. In the cruisers market, it's just about the smallest one you can find, and you simply can't beat it's under $5,000 price.
This baby cruiser has a 234cc V twin engine, but don't be fooled, it still delivers plenty of power for a fun ride. The weight tops out at just 330 pounds, which means that not only is it super easy to handle, it's also got some speed! So don't worry about getting bored with it too fast. The seat height is low at only 27" so beginners can confidently plant both feet on the ground. You really can't go wrong with the Honda Rebel as your first bike.
Yamaha Bolt (MSRP $7,999)
Cruiser engines aren't as powerful as that of a sportbike, so you can start out on a much larger engine (and get the bragging rights!). The Yamaha Bolt has a powerful 924cc V-twin engine, so you'll have plenty of fun on it. The throttle response is smooth in the low-mid RPM range, which is where you'll be most of the time.
The bike itself is compact and slim with a low seat height, which are all ideal for beginners. Despite the larger engine, the weight only comes in at 540 lbs, and while it's obviously not as little as the Honda Rebel, it's still a manageable size. And plus, you won't outgrow it so fast.
Harley-Davidson Street 500 ($6,849)
The Harley name is synonymous with classic American cruisers. If you are set on a cruiser bearing that iconic branding, the Street 500 is our pick for the most beginner friendly Harley cruiser. This street style Harley is designed for maximum urban agility and has a sleek, minimalist black-out styling. It's been upgraded with new front and rear brake systems, new brake and clutch levers, and a more ergonomically placed rear brake petal position. At under 7 grand, it's a steal for a piece of that Harley name.
Kawasaki Vulcan S ABS ($7,399)
This bike offers a great balance of price and performance. The Vulcan S has a beautiful cruiser styling combined with that renowned Kawasaki sportbike power and handling. It features a 649cc parallel twin engine that is derived from the Ninja 650.
At just under 500 lbs, it's not the lightest cruiser we're recommending, but beginners should still have no trouble handling it. The seat position is also ergonomically designed for comfort. The bike also has a custom fit concept to accommodate riders of all heights. There are three different positions for the footpegs and handlebars and adjustable hip support on the seat to, so you can find the one that provides the most comfortable reach.
Triumph Bonnesville ($8,099)
A Triumph Bonneville is a classic beauty outfitted with modern technology. The 865 cc parallel twin engine delivers plenty of power and smooth throttle response even at low RPMs. The classic 1960s suspension is fitted with modern damping internals so the ride is smooth and easy to handle.
The Bonnie (as it's known to fans) already has a strong reputation for being a good beginner bike. The classic riding style is comfortable for beginners and the low seat height makes it easy to plant both feet firmly on the ground. The size is a bit larger, but this makes the Bonnie a bike that you won't outgrow too fast, if ever.
Suzuki Boulevard S40 ($5,499)
And lastly, we end with a true timeless old-school bike. Not much has changed on the Suzuki Boulevard S40 since it was first introduced 3 decades ago (when it was known as the Savage). The only major upgrade is that the original 4-speed transmission is now 5-speed. This has always been known as a reliable bike. Why change something that ain't broke?
You also get plenty of power for the price. The Boulevard S40's 625cc single cylinder engine delivers surprisingly high torque. This nimble little bike weighs in at just over 380 pounds, making it very easy to handle for beginners. It's not the most technological advanced bike there is, but it does the job just fine and fun. And plus, you've gotta love the price tag.
Do you ride a cruiser? What was your first one?
*All photos courtesy of manufacturers


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A paramedic is seen talking to a police officer in a vehicle outside an incident Tuesday in the Sherwood Shopping Centre. A man inside the building was threatening harm to himself if his demands concerning social assistance were not met.
©THE GUARDIAN/Nigel Armstrong
Man threatens to harm himself at Charlottetown social assistance office
A police crisis negotiation team spent five hours slowly calming a man down at the social assistance offices in Charlottetown Tuesday.
"He went into income support and passed them a note, saying he wasn't going to leave," said Deputy Chief Brad MacConnell of Charlottetown Police Services. "If they made him leave, he was going to do harm to himself."
He had a small knife with him, but police say he didn't make any threatening gestures with it.
"He wasn't threatening towards them, but he was going to use that to further his cause. He wasn't happy with the services he was getting," said MacConnell.
"Police arrived and it ended up in a crisis negotiation."
The man arrived at the reception desk just before the office closed at 5 p.m. It ended around 10 p.m. when the man was taken from the mall in handcuffs, taken to the ambulance for a quick check of his health and then loaded into the police van.
"This is a mental health issue, which we don't normally comment on," said MacConnell.
However, in this case, the event played out in the public space of the Sherwood Mall with police vehicles stationed outside in the parking lot blocking the main entrance of the building.
An ambulance was present, too.
MacConnell did not clarify if charges were pending. The incident is under investigation.
The office was the scene of another incident involving police in June when a woman became upset while meeting a social services worker there. She used a hammer to smash some windows inside the building as well as hit a vehicle in the parking lot before being arrested. At that time, the then health minister, Doug Currie, said his department was looking at its safety and security policies.
"It concerns me that someone would get to that state in our offices," Currie told The Guardian at the time. "This was an unfortunate situation, but it was also an isolated situation."


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Equine Welfare & Legislation
Owner Pleads Not Guilty in Colorado Horse Cruelty Case
February 01, 2017
A Colorado woman accused of maltreating more than 60 horses has pleaded not guilty to animal cruelty charges.... Read More
Recognizing Signs of Equine Abuse: The Vet's Role
January 26, 2017
Equine practitioners must be familiar with the signs of abuse, its various forms, and their role in preventing it.... Read More
Colorado Horse Herd Seized
January 23, 2017
Law enforcement authorities seized 63 horses from a property in Penrose last week.... Read More
Miami-Dade County Seeks Custody of Allegedly Abused Horse
January 20, 2017
A man was charged with animal cruelty in connection to riding the underweight horse from South Carolina to Florida.... Read More
The Veterinarian's Role in Equine Abuse Investigations
January 19, 2017
How a vet examines and treats allegedly abused horses can mean the difference between a successful or unsuccessful case.... Read More
SAFE Act Reintroduced in Congress
January 18, 2017
The bill is the latest attempt to outlaw the purchase and transport of U.S. horses for slaughter.... Read More
Tennessee Ponders Grant Award to Walking Horse Group
December 29, 2016
The grant could help fund a study aimed at developing objective ways to detect soring in Tennessee Walking Horses. ... Read More
Sending Signals
December 28, 2016
From biomechanical to psychological influences, what effects do we have on our horses while riding?... Read More
Faith and Equine Welfare Share Long Connection
December 25, 2016
The connection between animal welfare and faith communities has deep roots. Learn how it can benefit equids in need.... Read More
Charities Join to Promote Working Equid Welfare Standards
December 13, 2016
The standards entitle working donkeys, horses, and mules to basic needs such as food, water, and shelter.... Read More
Whips Banned in Australian Harness Racing
December 12, 2016
In a groundbreaking move, racing authorities have declared a nation-wide ban on the use of whips in harness racing.... Read More
Study: Some Horses can Learn by Watching Humans
December 02, 2016
Researchers confirmed that horses learn socially across species, in this case from familiar humans.... Read More
Texas Horse Herd Seized
November 17, 2016
More than 50 allegedly maltreated horses are receiving rehabilitative care after being seized from a Hill County farm.... Read More
Horses at Work: Lifestyles of Working and Service Horses
November 14, 2016
Horses that plow, heal, or protect have distinctly different lifestyles than the average riding horse.... Read More
Do Horses Feel Empathy?
November 10, 2016
Empathy is the ability to understand and share the feelings of others. Here's what we know about horses and empathy.... Read More
What's in a Horse's Yawn?
November 03, 2016
Researchers found that yawning appears to be closely associated with social interactions and, possibly, social stress.... Read More
Making it Legal: Equine Lease, Sales, and Boarding Contracts
October 27, 2016
Getting any horse agreement in writing can help you avoid a trip to court. Here's what you should know. ... Read More
Court Rules Borells Have No Claim to Seized Horses
October 22, 2016
The ruling noted that Charles Borell relinquished his ownership of the horses in connection with his Alford plea deal.... Read More
ND Authorities Offer Reward in Horse, Cattle Killing Cases
October 21, 2016
The North Dakota Stockmen's Association offers a $10,000-plus reward after a mare was shot and skinned.... Read More
The Science Behind 'Licking and Chewing' in Horses
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Thread: Retro-editing in the Bulletin?
Retro-editing in the Bulletin?
I would like to complement the staff of the Bulletin for correcting the misinformation they have recently published.
On page 397 of the September/October, 2016 Bulletin, 3 recent auction results are described with pix. Going clockwise from the viewer's upper left hand corner of the page in the PRINTED version of the Bulletin, all 3 clocks are terribly mislabeled with identifications so wrong that even a quick glimpse at the pix should have identified the error. Could be just a simple slip x 3, but also not so sure the editor of that section would have known better.
I saw it and shrugged. In the past, I've sent corrections to the editors of the Bulletin and have been ignored.
Well, see this link http://www.nawcc.org/images/stories/...23_392_397.pdf
Scroll down to page 397. Looks like the errors have in fact been corrected.
As a primary source of horological information, an important correction to make.
As a side note, pictured there is an Eli Terry & Sons "true" transition clock. A similar clock was posted on the MB. For more information including why I call it a true transition clock (as per Dr. Roberts' criteria), see this thread: http://mb.nawcc.org/showthread.php?7...y-transitional
- Join Date
- Feb 2009
- Location
- Lancaster, PA
- Posts
- 1,084
Re: Retro-editing in the Bulletin? (By: rmarkowitz1_cee4a1)
Mr. Markowitz,
Thank you for noticing.
The editorial staff is NEVER happy when a typo or error appears in any of our publications, and even in situations where errors of misattribution may occur due to mix-ups from material sources, they constantly strive to produce an accurate product.
As also sometimes occurs in email communications to the membership, once an inaccurate resource is sent "out the door" (or when paper copies have been printed and shipped) it cannot be corrected after the fact; but in the case of the archived digital copies of such materials, it IS possible to fix errors post-production, and to correct the record in the archival versions (for the benefit of future digital readers).
It gratifies us to be able to correct any errors and provide the highest quality resources for our membership; and we will always avail ourselves of any method-- be it before, or after, production-- to maintain them in as accurate a state as possible.
I'll pass your comments along to the Publications staff.
Best wishes,
MarkusMarkus Harris
Communications Director (NAWCC)
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About the Book
Catecumens coming into the Roman Catholic Church at Easter at St. George Roman Catholic Parish in Apache Junction, Arizona.
Features & Details
- Category Religion & Spirituality
Small Square, 7×7 in, 18×18 cm
24 Pages
- Publish Date Mar 22, 2008
- Tags Fr. Stan, St. George, St George, larry aubuchon, creative solutions, creative solutions photo, creative solutions photography, RCIA, Catholic, aubuchon, 2008
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About the Creator
Creative Solutions Photography
Apache Junction, Arizona
We do on-location photography with emphasis on natural lighting. We want the "old time" feel and naturalness of our subjects to show.
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Islam Guide
- April 30, 2013
( 71)
Get the bestselling book "A Brief Illustrated Guide to Islam" on a mobile device. This app introduces Islam and the miracles of Quran and Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) to non-Muslims with in-depth information, references and illustrations.
Excellent method of dawa This helped me to understand Islam and was one of the reasons I reverted.
Its true contains strong facts I really like the book its colorfull and easy to read go ahead read it
An amazing book and highly recommended to both muslims and non-muslims who would like to get to know more about Islam.
Jazakallah....great app A very good app....covers and teach Islam in very precise manners
Ma shaa Allaah
Must read for all mankind Excellent. MashaAllah
This application contains a collection of Islamic advice from various sources
Reference profile of the Prophet, Companions and Scholars, also about the history of Islam.
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Apply "" Muslim "," is increased for the Muslim and Muslim all that Ihtajoh daily to facilitate matters of religion.
Application developer to suit the needs of the Muslim men and women and help them in the performance of the Hajj ceremonies easily


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A lioness drinks after being fed by senior keeper Glynn Hennessy at ZSL London
© The Financial Times Ltd 2016 FT and 'Financial Times' are trademarks of The Financial Times Ltd.
A lioness drinks after being fed by senior keeper Glynn Hennessy at ZSL London
Palestinian refugee Saad Eldeen Al-Jamal with his African two lion cubs at Al-Shabora refugee camp in Rafah in the southern Gaza Strip on Thursday. Al-Jamal has eventually achieved his dream of raising lions at home after acquiring the two cubs, whose parents are believed to have been smuggled into Gaza through a tunnel along the border with Egypt nearly three years ago.
Hand-painted models depicting a lion's head pose in central London's Carnaby Street. It was part of events marking the opening of the Zoological Society of London's first ever pop-up shop on the famous street, part of the Lions400 campaign to expose the plight of the endangered Asian lion
Indonesian artists, dressed as mermaids in traditional Chinese cheongsam costume and lions, perform underwater in a programme celebrating the lunar new year at Jakarta's Ancol park on Friday.
A football fan sits on a statue in Trafalgar Square ahead of a friendly match between England and Scotland on Wednesday night in London. The national teams will meet at Wembley stadium for their first international in 14 years
Tongan Rugby player Toby Faletau of the British and Irish Lions team cools off using fans during a training session in Hong Kong on Friday. The rugby team will play the Barbarians at a XV-a-side rugby match on Saturday


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USA TODAY ONLINE will provide real-time coverage of election results beginning when the first polls close at 6 p.m. ET
What's at stake in Tuesday's elections:
House - 228 Republicans, 206 Democrats, and one independent who generally votes with Democrats.
Senate - 55 Republicans, 45 Democrats.
Governors - 32 Republicans, 17 Democrats, and one independent.
House - 435 seats.
Senate - 34 seats: 18 Democratic seats and 16 Republican seats.
Governors - 36 seats: 24 Republican seats, 11 Democratic seats, and one independent seat.
Democratic retirements (17) - Vic Fazio, Calif.; Esteban Torres, Calif.; Jane Harman, Calif.; David Skaggs, Colo.; Barbara Kennelly, Conn.; Sidney Yates, Ill.; Glenn Poshard, Ill.; Lee Hamilton, Ind.; Scotty Baesler, Ky.; Joseph Kennedy, Mass.; Charles Schumer, N.Y.; Thomas Manton, N.Y.; William Hefner, N.C.; Louis Stokes, Ohio; Elizabeth Furse, Ore.; Paul McHale, Pa.; Henry Gonzalez, Texas
Republican retirements (17) - Frank Riggs, Calif.; Jay Kim, Calif.; Dan Schaefer, Colo.; Michael Crapo, Idaho; Harris Fawell, Ill.; Jim Bunning, Ky.; Mike Parker, Miss.; Jon Christensen, Neb.; John Ensign, Nev.; Gerald Solomon, N.Y.; Bill Paxon, N.Y.; Robert Smith, Ore.; Joseph McDade, Pa.; Bob Inglis, S.C.; Linda Smith, Wash.; Mark Neumann, Wis.; Scott Klug, Wis.
Democratic retirements (3) - Dale Bumpers, Ark.; Wendell Ford, Ky.; John Glenn, Ohio
Republican retirements (2) - Dan Coats, Ind.; Dirk Kempthorne, Idaho
Democratic retirements (5) - Roy Romer, Colo.; Lawton Chiles, Fla.; Zell Miller, Ga.; Ben Nelson, Neb.; Bob Miller, Nev.
Republican retirements (6) - Pete Wilson, Calif.; Phil Batt, Idaho; Jim Edgar, Ill.; Terry Branstad, Iowa; Arne Carlson, Minn.; George Voinovich, Ohio.
Since World War II, the president's party has never gained seats in the House, and on only three occasions has it won seats in the Senate.
1946: Harry Truman (D): Democrats lost 45 seats in the House, and 12 in the Senate.
1950: Harry Truman (D): Democrats lost 29 seats in the House, and six in the Senate.
1954: Dwight Eisenhower (R): Republicans lost 18 seats in the House, and one in the Senate.
1958: Dwight Eisenhower (R): Republicans lost 48 seats in the House, and 13 in the Senate.
1962: John Kennedy (D): Democrats lost four seats in the House, but gained three in the Senate.
1966: Lyndon Johnson (D): Democrats lost 47 seats in the House, and four in the Senate.
1970: Richard Nixon (R): Republicans lost 12 seats in the House, but gained two in the Senate.
1974: Gerald Ford (R): Republicans lost 48 seats in the House, and five in the Senate.
1978: Jimmy Carter (D): Democrats lost 15 seats in the House, and three in the Senate.
1982: Ronald Reagan (R): Republicans lost 26 seats in the House, but gained one in the Senate.
1986: Ronald Reagan (R): Republicans lost five seats in the House, and eight in the Senate.
1990: George Bush (R): Republicans lost eight seats in the House, and one in the Senate.
1994: Bill Clinton (D): Democrats lost 52 seats in the House, and eight in the Senate.
By The Associated Press
Copyright 1999 Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.
© Copyright 2002 USA TODAY, a division of Gannett Co. Inc.


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Zen Pinball Classics features a dazzling collection of four Zen Studios original pinball designs all upgraded for Pinball FX2. Shaman, El Dorado, Tesla and V12 have been re-mastered with updated graphics, superior ball physics, and a host of new features.
Klik for at oprette og sende et link ved hjælp af din e-mail-app


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Night CallerFavorites [+]
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Pyrex Serving Tongs - Black
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Foreigners: Foreign investors were net buyers almost every day of the fortnight putting Rs7,539...
Biscuit maker Britannia Industries Ltd said its first quarter net profit fell to Rs32.8 crore from Rs47.6 crore a year ago, despite robust revenues.
During the quarter to end-June, the biscuit maker's net sales increased to Rs912.8 crore from Rs731.2 crore in the same quarter last year.
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Areva T&D India Ltd said it won a contract worth Rs110 crore from Power Grid Corp of India Ltd (PGCIL) for 765 kV extra high voltage substation.
The order is for one of the critical substations in the eastern grid of the country and will be delivered at Sasaram in Bihar, it said in a regulatory filing.
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