text:
Steve's Split From Tiger Got Me Thinking
By mustang6560 on 7/21/11
In light of the news yesterday that Tiger Woods and Steve Williams called it quits, it got my thinking about the uncertainty of caddying on the PGA Tour, and at any competitive level for that matter.
You hear the word "grind" used a lot to describe the life of up and coming golfers hoping to land a card on the PGA Tour, but I think the word is much more applicable to the life of a caddie. Outside of bad breaks and weather, the player is in control of his own fate at the end of the day. As a caddie, even if your numbers are spot on and you performed well, your life line is completely dependent on the performance of the player. He misses the cut, you miss the cut. He gets pissed, you get fired.
Josh Sens wrote an in-depth piece on Golf.com about what it's like to be an aspiring caddie and I think this paragraph sums up the experience best:
Caddying is a job that seems fit mostly for misfits. The hours are long, the pay uncertain and the travel relentless. For caddies on the bags of the world's top players, work may come with private jets and princely treatment. But for those not nicknamed Stevie, Bones or Fluff, the job is as often a mad scramble, filled with Priceline searches and gigs that offer freedom but no guarantees.Caddying is definitely not for everyone and that includes me. The idea of having to rely solely on someone else - and that someone usually has no loyalties to you whatsoever - to get paid sounds terrible. Plus, you could help someone make it all the way to the top only to get fired because that someone opted to go with a better known caddie.
The article is a great read and it offers tremendous insight into the what you have to be willing to do to make it as a caddie. If you know of anyone is considering the life of a looper, make sure you send this article to them.
Read More
photo by Bill Spruce
[ comments ]
homermania says:
Cindarella story.
legitimatebeef says:
It seems kind of like being a roadie for a touring band. The guys at the top seem like straight laced professionals but I would bet the bulk of them are as you say misfits, probably with some skeletons in the closet, and probably who like to party.
srogers13 says:
Does Steve keep to keep his Valvoline endorsement?:)
mustang6560 says:
"keep to keep" - not to be a wordsmith nazi but...
bkuehn1952 says:
@Mustang6560: the phrase "the frying pan calling the kettle black" comes to mind. Maybe leave the grammar critiques to @legitimatebeef. ;)
falcon50driver says:
I am glad to see people taking an interest in spelling and grammar. By the way , it's Cinderella, with an E. For the cinders that she swept.
mustang6560 says:
@bkuehn1952- couldn't resist ;)
Kickntrue says:
Crappers! We'ze going to start making grammers and spellling matter on oob?! I'm out!
[ post comment ]
Most Popular:


text:
I'm yet to see Recon because I'm in Australia and I'm waiting for it to download and so I'm watching Dr Linus. In it Roger says;
ROGER: That's why I signed up for that damn Dharma Initiative and took you to the island, and... they were decent people. Smarter than I'll ever be. Imagine how different our lives would have been if we'd stayed.
So.... Obviously Ben knows about the island - Now here are my questions.... 1. How much does Ben Know about it? 2. Do any of the other characters in the FST know about it? 3. If they they do how? and how much do they know?

subset: commoncrawl


text:
The decision to award a Sydney woman more than $200,000 in damages after she was falsely accused of intending to kill her husband and held on remand for six months has been overturned by the state's highest court.
NSW Police and the Director of Public Prosecutions were ordered to pay Hayam Abed $215,089 earlier this year after District Court Judge Robert Sorby found they had failed to acknowledge the inherent weakness of the Crown case, including evidence strongly suggesting Ms Abed's innocence.
Judge Sorby upheld Ms Abed's claim that she was the victim of false allegations, concocted by her former husband Khalil Younis and his new wife Wafaa, which police had accepted without examining the evidence properly.
The Younises were also ordered to pay Ms Abed $215,089 in damages.
Police and prosecutors accepted the Younises' claim that Ms Abed had leapt over the six-foot fence separating their properties with a large knife, smashed and crawled through the bathroom window, and threatened to kill Mrs Younis.
Ms Abed was refused bail and sent to Mulawa women's prison, where she remained for the next six months, until prosecutors advised all charges should be dropped because the evidence would not support a conviction.
Ms Abed was incapable of leaping over the fence at the time because she had two broken ribs and was talking on the phone at the time the incident was supposed to have occurred, Judge Sorby found.
He also found that when Ms Abed applied for bail in May 2007, investigating police and prosecutors knew the Crown case was plagued with inconsistencies.
But on Friday the Court of Appeal found the police and prosecution believed Ms Abed might have committed an offence that warranted continuing incarceration.
The three-judge appeal panel determined that the judge erred finding that the officer in charge knew that Ms Abed might have had an alibi defence, and that there was no DNA on the knife she supposedly used.
They further found that the prosecutor did not continue to pursue the matter despite knowing it was hopeless, but was "considering whether the matter should proceed in the Local Court, whether alternative charges should be preferred and reviewing the whole matter".
The judges overturned Judge Sorby's damages order against police and prosecutors but refused to overturn the order against the Younises.


text:
Siblings, Jack and Annie, discover a tree house full of books while exploring one afternoon. Jack looks through a book about dinosaurs and wishes he could see a real one. Suddenly, the wind begins to blow and the tree house starts to spin wildly. When it finally stops, Jack and Annie open their eyes to find they have been transported back to the time of the dinosaurs. Jack and Annie have a harrowing adventure, befriending some dinosaurs along the way as they try to make their way back home.
Online registration will begin on Sunday, April 10th at 8:00pm PST.
Ankylo Cast – HERE
Tyrano Cast – HERE
Rehearsals are split by cast: Ankylo Cast is ages 4-10 and rehearses Monday and Wednesday from 4-6pm. Tyrano Cast is ages 4-10 and rehearses Tuesday and Thursday from 4-6pm. This does NOT mean that all actors will be called every day each week. PPP expects a full commitment from all actors and families. Any conflicts (standing appointments, trips, etc.) need to be noted in the "conflicts" area of registration. A full rehearsal schedule will be provided that will tell which actors are rehearsing on what day.
Ankylo Cast
Ages: 4-10
Rehearses: Mon/Wed from 4:00-6:00pm beginning Monday May 2nd
Performances: Friday, June 17th at 7pm, Saturday, June 18th at 3pm and Sunday, June 19th at 11am
Tyrano Cast
Ages: 4-10
Rehearses: Tues/Thurs from 4-6:00pm beginning Tuesday, May 3rd
Performances: Saturday, June 18th at 11am, Saturday, June 18th at 7pm, Sunday, June 19th at 3pm
Includes: all dramatic/vocal/dance coaching, show t-shirt, script, music CD, costume use (shoes, tights, underclothes not included) and digital access to show photos following performance.
One Actor: $300
Two Actors from same family: $570 (use promo code Actor2 on first registration page)
Three Actors from same family: $855 (use promo code Actor3 on first registration page)
All auditions are at Hoover Theater. You will be sent a link to sign up for an audition date and time after you have registered and paid. Audition spaces will be filled first come first served. Actors unable to make auditions should arrange for an alternate audition with Tanessa Daw. Auditionees should arrive with approximately 1 minute of a song prepared to sing a cappella (without musical accompaniment) and from memory. They should expect to do some cold reading from the script and possibly some other acting exercises. Auditionees who are still learning to read will be asked to repeat lines from the story. They should come in comfortable clothing that allows for ease of movement.
Auditions will be held Tuesday, April 26th from 4:00-6:00pm and Wednesday, April 27th from 4:00-6:00pm.
Needed for Online Registration:
– Actor information (name, birthdate, allergies/medical conditions, t-shirt size)
– Email contact for at least one family member. Please be ready to provide email address for any family member that will want cast updates.
– Rehearsal Availability-which day(s) actor is available/unavailable for rehearsal and specific conflict dates for days where actor is available but has a conflict (examples: available Mondays except 3/23 for overnight trip; will leave at 5pm Wednesdays for ___; cannot rehearse Thursdays). Playful People only needs availability for the rehearsal and show days of the cast that the actor is registering for.
– Tech Week/Show Availability-same as above but for Tech Week and show dates.
– Parent/Guardian information (name, cell phone, email address)
– Emergency Contact other than Parent/Guardian (name/phone/relation to actor)
– Credit card for payment
The following information will be collected after registration: Actor Measurements, Parent Job Choices, Authorization for other adults to pick Actor up from Rehearsal, Insurance Waivers, Actor Bio information
Participation Hours
For each participating cast member, 15 hours of adult volunteer work is required (25 hours for two cast members/35 hours for three). If unable to fulfill hours of participation, a buyout option is available at $150/$250/$350. You will be able to opt out after auditions. You will be invoiced via PayPal for your buyout. Any late buyout payments will have a 20% late fee added on.
Follow Playful People Productions on Facebook HERE
Q: I need to work out a payment plan or ask for a full/partial scholarship. How do I do that?
A: Please contact our Business Director Tanessa Daw BEFORE registration to work out details. We don't want to turn families away for financial reasons and will do our best to make it work!
Q: I am having problems with the registration program. Who do I contact?
A: Contact our Business Director, Tanessa Daw. Sending emails/texts to Barb and/or Katie in addition will only add confusion to our team!
Q: I have/know of a teen who is interested in being an Intern. Who do I contact?
A: Please contact Barb Galiotto.
Q: What is Playful People's Refund Policy?
A: Playful People Productions refund policy for cast members who withdraw from a production is as follows: from registration to date cast lists are posted, a full refund minus a $50.00 administrative fee is given. From the date cast list(s) are posted to the end of the first week of rehearsals, a refund of 50% of tuition will be given. No refunds will be given after the first week of rehearsals.


text:
July 11 2012
Arts Tonight
After testing the Arts Holland API we submitted our idea- The "Arts Tonight" App to the Waag Society and since then we have been working with them and Arts Holland to realize the concept. The Arts Tonight App would use the Arts Holland API to display a map to help tourists find cultural events that are happening within the next few hours. [button open_new_tab="true" color="Extra-Color-1" size="small" url="http://www.glimworm.com/arts-tonight.shtml" text="View The Full Concept "]


text:
TrafficG member and you'll be able to drive free, guaranteed visitors and traffic to any website of your choice! And the cost of this great service? Absolutely NOTHING - NO catches!
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text:
|This needs a stretch. (Feel to remove when satisfied of completion.)
* Physical appearance.
* History is incomplete.
* Other continuities is incomplete.
Pizza is an oven-baked flat bread generally topped with tomato sauce and cheese. It is commonly supplemented with a selection of meats, vegetables and condiments. The modern pizza was invented in Italy, and the dish and its variants have since become popular in many areas of the world.
Pizza is sold fresh, frozen or in portions. Various types of ovens are used to cook them and many varieties exist.
Physical appearance
Insert details here.
A Pup Named Scooby-Doo
Season two
Insert details here. (Curse of the Collar)
Insert details here. (Dog Gone Scooby)
Season three
Insert details here. (Horror of the Haunted Hairpiece)
Insert details here. (The Were-Doo of Doo Manor)
Insert details here. (The Ghost of Mrs. Shusham)
Scooby-Doo, Where Are You!
Season one
The top of the Shaggy Snack pot pie was covered in a pizza crust.[1]
After already having two Blockbuster Pizzas at the Pizza Palace, Shaggy and Scooby-Doo were now on their way back home, carrying a third. It didn't take long before the aroma of the pizza had stopped Shaggy right in his tracks. He took it out the box, but before eating it, he tried to impress Scooby by spinning it on his finger. Scooby wasn't that impressed, and ate the pizza as it spun on Shaggy's finger, leaving what little remained around it.[2]
Season two
Insert details here. (Haunted House Hang-Up)
The New Scooby-Doo Movies
Season one
Just before it was realised Velma Dinkley was missing, Fred Jones brought up the king-size bat they saw, which Shaggy Rogers wanted to forget by having a chocolate pizza.[3]
Insert details here. (The Phantom of the Country Music Hall)
The Scooby-Doo Show
Season one
Insert details here. (High Rise Hair Raiser)
Season three
Insert details here. (A Menace in Venice)
The New Scooby-Doo Mysteries
Insert details here. (The Hand of Horror)
What's New, Scooby-Doo?
Season two
Insert details here. (Big Appetite in Little Tokyo)
Chill Out, Scooby-Doo!
Insert details here.
Scooby-Doo! Stage Fright
Insert details here.
Scooby-Doo! Ghastly Goals!
Insert details here.
Scooby-Doo! Moon Monster Madness
A lazy man watching Celebrity Heat, had an opened, messy pizza box on the floor, with a slice still left.
Sly Baron's spacesuits had compartments for everything, including food. Scooby took a pizza from his chest compartment, but the helmet closed by itself just as he was about to eat it.[4]
- A Pup Named Scooby-Doo
- 201. Curse of the Collar
- 207. Dog Gone Scooby
- 302. Horror of the Haunted Hairpiece
- 305. The Were-Doo of Doo Manor
- 306(b). The Ghost of Mrs. Shusham
- Scooby-Doo, Where Are You!
- 109. The Backstage Rage
- 205. Haunted House Hang-Up
- The New Scooby-Doo Movies
- The Scooby-Doo Show
- 101. High Rise Hair Raiser
- 313. A Menace in Venice
- What's New, Scooby-Doo?
- DTV11. Chill Out, Scooby-Doo!
- DTV20. Scooby-Doo! Stage Fright
- DTVSF5. Scooby-Doo! Ghastly Goals!
- DTV23. Scooby-Doo! Moon Monster Madness
Other continuities
Shaggy & Scooby-Doo Get a Clue!
When Chef Francoise startled Shaggy and Scooby Doo they jumped and made his crepes stick to the ceiling, he offered to make them more. Much to his disgust, Shaggy politely declined, as they still had Pizza Stix.[5]
Scooby-Doo! Mystery Incorporated
Shaggy didn't call Velma the previous night because he and Scooby fell asleep while watching a Vincent Van Ghoul movie, after having a pizza.[6]
Insert details here. (A Haunting in Crystal Cove)
Insert details here. (The Devouring)
Scooby-Doo! Adventures: The Mystery Map
Insert details here.
External links
|This page uses Creative Commons Licensed content from Wikipedia (view authors).


text:
How do I rent a property?
Asked on Mar 20 2013, Renting in London | Report content
Answers (2)
Sort by: Oldest | Recent | Highest rated
I would suggest using the 'Find Agents' tab in top menu of Zoopla and contacting reputable agents in your given area.Answered on Apr 8 2013, Report content
Find an agent, you can also pop into any on the high street.Answered on Oct 1 2013, Report content
Didn't find what you were looking for? Ask a question
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text:
Find your new home in Charlotte Hall, MDYou are viewing homes 1 to 2 of 2 homes for sale
Learn more about homes in Charlotte Hall, MD
Welcome to Charlotte Hall, MD
Charlotte Hall is a modest town of just 1,300 residents located in St. Mary's County. The town's largest employer is the Patuxent River Naval Air Warfare Center, but the Charlotte Hall Veterans Home is also located here, on the site of the old Charlotte Hall Military Academy. But Charlotte Hall's real appeal comes largely from its rural setting and natural beauty; the town is just minutes from the Chesapeake Bay and several of its scenic tributaries. Thus, those looking for a relaxed pace of life frequently consider relocating to Charlotte Hall, whose large Amish community provides such desirable commodities as handmade furniture and locally grown produce.
Charlotte Hall Home inventory breakdown by property type
Of the 2 homes for sale in Charlotte Hall, the breakdown of property types
is as follows:
100% Single Family.
Area details, home facts and figures
Information from in and around Charlotte Hall...
You are Viewing 1 to 2 of 2 homes for sale in Charlotte Hall. These homes are comprised of Single Family. The average list price of these property results is 378,450. Prices are displayed as US Dollar. For more information on these homes for sale in Charlotte Hall please contact our member brokerages to schedule a showing or view an open house.
The 2 homes for sale in Charlotte Hall, MD are represented by 1 member brokerages serving the Charlotte Hall area. Member brokerages representing the 2 homes include Long & Foster Real Estate Inc. .


text:
Bell Baxter High School
Ad Vitam Paror
Pupil Attendance
Bell Baxter no longer has a registration period at the start of each day. Class teachers takes an electronic record of attendance during each period throughout the school day.
There is a warning bell at 8.40 a.m. Every morning. Pupils should be in their period 1 class no later than 8.45 a.m.
If a pupil arrives after 8.45 a.m. they should report to the Pupil Reception and sign in. A member of the office staff will mark them late and give a late slip to be passed to the class teacher to explain lateness to class.
Latecoming means pupils are missing lessons as well as inconveniencing others. Being punctual is an important personal quality.
Absence From School
Very occasionally pupils can be absent from school. It is important that the school is notified as soon as possible by any of the following methods:
- telephone (01334 659459)
- text message (07860 004290)
- email (firstname.lastname@example.com)
Where no explanation is given for the absence an alert text message will be sent to the pupil's parent/carer to alert them and request a reason for the absence. If the school has received no contact about an absence after three days, home will be contacted.
Written notes are required where the absence has been notified by telephone. This is not required for text or email notifications.
An appointment card or letter from parent/carer is required prior to an appointment, Pupils should take this to Pupil Reception where they will receive an out of school slip allowing early release from class. Pupils must sign out at Pupil Reception before leaving school for the appointment.
Feeling Unwell
If a pupil feels ill at school, their teacher will allow them to report to Pupil Reception to see one of our School Support Officers. Pupils should not make arrangements with parents to leave school early due to illness.
Pupils must never leave the school during normal school hours without permission of their House Head or a senior member of staff, no matter the reason.
|Weekly Updates
|Latest News & Events
|2016/2017 Achievements and Events
|News Report
|News from the Rector
|Bell Baxter Diary
|Captains Team
|House System
|School Facilities
|School Handbook
|School History
|School Rules
|Vision, Values and Aims
|Learning Beyond the Classroom
|MyFife Cards
|National Parent Forum
|Named Person
|Parents' Evenings
|Pupil Absence Notification
|Pupil Services
|Reporting & Assessment
|School Closure
|Dress Code
|PE Kit
|School Colours
|Uniform Shop
|PE Kit 2
|Health Week
|Bus Timetables
|Careers Information
|Course Choice
|Study Skills
|Study Support Programme


text:
Ryan Zimmerman, trailing the Reds' Joey Votto in the race for the National League's final All-Star spot by some unspecified, yet assuredly narrow margin (MLB and Sprint want you to vote!), is certainly doing plenty to make his case. Since the five nominees for the Final Man Vote were announced on Sunday, Zimmerman is 4-for-7 with two homers, five RBI and a walk. He hit his 15th homer in the fourth inning tonight, and the Nationals lead the Padres 4-2.
Zimmerman probably won't reach his second All-Star Game for three reasons: Votto has superior numbers, a groundswell of national support after being left off the team despite ranking among the NL's four or five best offensive players and a superior American League alliance (sorry, Nats fans: Red Sox fans outnumber Rangers fans, and will probably give Votto a substantial boost).
But he's heating up again right before the All-Star break, after a rough month of June, and the Nationals' offense is following him.


text:
Les Whirlybirds "Ultimately Bored" 1982, A-side, with FUR DIXON, DINO LEE, GARY DICKSON, JACK RUBY MP3
The A-side to the single "Ultimately Bored" by The Whirlybirds. This was the first released recording Fur Dixon ever played on and the first band she ever toured ...
Los Whirlybirds with Dino Lee - Ultimately Bored (1982) MP3
Ultimately Bored MP3
Provided to YouTube by TuneCore Ultimately Bored · Dino Lee King of White Trash Anthology Vol. 1 ℗ 2014 PolyFab Released on: 2007-01-01 Auto-generated ...
Ultimately bored...havin' some fun[ Garage Rock Dm ] MP3
ultra super de duper mega ultimately uberly f***ing bored!!! MP3
How To Get Laid By Being Boring (Art Gallery Pickup) MP3
Richard shows how to pick up a woman in an art gallery even whilst initially being boring, ultimately ending in a same day lay. For 1 to 1 coaching (including ...
Honk If You're Bored MP3
Dutchman Plays Rust For A Bit MP3
What to do when bored MP3
A Typical Day MP3
Erika learns how the gumball machine works. As you can see, she was ULTIMATELY bored. Kiera was outside on the phone so she just had to waste time.
Yaman | Saw Azgoo MP3
How to Love that boring Latin Mass MP3
Let the Mass change YOU. Not only (as i said in the video) do you give of yourself in the Mass, it is ultimately Christ doing the greatest giving!... Show More ...
Rift 1.11 and beyond Cleric Tanking Guide MP3
Having played a warrior tank since the start of Rift and completed all of the raid content to date, and being ultimately bored and unsatisfied with the current state ...
The Ultimate Hot Wheels Car Chase MP3
Ultimately bored, me and my brother made this video using what people call "stop animation."
Van Der Graaf Generator - Still Life MP3
Song: Still Life Artist: Van Der Graaf Generator (VDGG) Album: Still Life Year: 1976 Genre: Progressive Rock Lyrics: Citadel reverberates to a thousand voices, ...
SS (Spectacular Sunday!) My Dolphin Show 4 [So Bad] MP3
Thanks for watching! I was ultimately bored so I decided to record this LOL Subscribe! https://www.youtube.com/user/BridgetStarcliff15 Play here!
Is Minecraft Boring? Future Of Minecraft & Console Discussion Xbox 360 & PS3 Edition DLC & Updates MP3
Is Minecraft Boring? Future Of Minecraft & Console Discussion Xbox 360 & PS3 Edition DLC, Title Update A discussion video on the future of minecraft and will it ...
Manu3x - Super powers MP3
The Silence! Speed Draw MP3
Coded Murders - "Screen" MP3
London Breed is Bored as Woman Testifies Against Arboretum (Botanical Gardens) Privatization MP3
June 21, 2013. Sam Lauter, BMWL and the San Francisco Botanical Garden Society ultimately won the day when he corrupt Board of Supervisors ultimately ...
Bored Games : Jenga MP3
haaa! MP3
Random Pics ^^(a gift for the Gackt Fangirls) MP3
Alex's Epic Adventure... That Ultimately Fails MP3
Van Der Graaf Generator - Still Life MP3
Paintings by WILLIAM-ADOLPHE BOUGUEREAU This song is performed by Van Der Graaf Generator and appears on the album Still Life (1976) Lyrics: Citadel ...
Are You Bored? MP3


text:
On October 17, 2016 at 8:34:11 PM, Ngie Cooper (yaneurab...@gmail.com) wrote:
> On Oct 17, 2016, at 18:55, Marcel Moolenaar <mar...@freebsd.org> wrote: > *snip* > +CFLAGS+=-I${SRCTOP}/sys/sys/disk Isn't it a better app idea to maintain the disk/ namespace for includes? Thanks! You mean, add -I${SRCTOP}//sys/sys on the compile line and change the code to use #include <disk/foo.h>? Unfortunately, that creates conflicts with header files that are included as <stdfoo.h> and match headers we have under sys/sys.
Description: Message signed with OpenPGP using AMPGpg


text:
F 5 6 (Escitalopram oxalate 20 mg (base))
This pill with imprint "F 5 6" is White, Elliptical / Oval and has been identified as Escitalopram oxalate 20 mg (base). It is manufactured by Aurobindo Pharma Limited.
Escitalopram is used in the treatment of anxiety; generalized anxiety disorder; major depressive disorder; depression; borderline personality disorder (and more), and belongs to the drug class selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Risk cannot be ruled out during pregnancy. Escitalopram 20 mg (base) is not a controlled substance under the Controlled Substance Act (CSA).
- Imprint:
- Strength:
- 20 mg (base)
- Color:
- White
- Shape:
- Elliptical / Oval
- Availability:
- Prescription only
- Drug Class:
- Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
- Pregnancy Category:
- C - Risk cannot be ruled out
- CSA Schedule:
- Not a controlled drug
- Manufacturer:
- Aurobindo Pharma Limited
- National Drug Code (NDC):
- 65862-0375
- Inactive Ingredients:
- butylated hydroxyanisole
butylated hydroxytoluene
silicon dioxide
croscarmellose sodium
magnesium stearate
microcrystalline cellulose
magnesium silicate
hypromellose 2910 (5 mPa.s)
polyethylene glycol 400
titanium dioxide
Note: Inactive ingredients may vary.
|NDC Code
|Manufacturer / Repackager
|Amerisource Health Services
More about escitalopram
- Side Effects
- During Pregnancy or Breastfeeding
- Dosage Information
- Drug Images
- Drug Interactions
- Support Group
- Pricing & Coupons
- En Español
- 1747 Reviews – Add your own review/rating
- Drug class: selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
Consumer resources
Other brands: Lexapro
Professional resources
Related treatment guides
Every effort has been made to ensure that the information provided is accurate, up-to-date, and complete, but no guarantee is made to that effect. If you have questions about the drugs you are taking, check with your doctor, nurse or pharmacist.
Copyright 2017 Drugs.com, National Library of Medicine, Truven Health Analytics and Cerner Multum, Inc. All Rights Reserved.


text:
|Message view
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|Raagu <rknilekani2...@gmail.com>
|where to keep jar files
|Thu, 06 Aug 2009 15:52:41 GMT
Hi people In my build script, I have made use of <for> , <scriptdef> and other tasks which made use of external jars . I have kept those jar files in ${ANT_HOME}\lib directory.. But I dont want to keep those jar files in Ant Lib's directory.. So Is there any way to keep those jar files in other directory may be in directory where build script resides. ?? If there are any ways then How can refer those jar files within Ant script?? I have used <for> task ---- > ant-contrib.jar I have used javascript in <scriptdef> -----> js.jar <var> ------> ant.contrib.jar Please Do reply -- View this message in context: http://www.nabble.com/where-to-keep-jar-files-tp24849255p24849255.html Sent from the Ant - Users mailing list archive at Nabble.com. --------------------------------------------------------------------- To unsubscribe, e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com For additional commands, e-mail: email@example.com
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text:
Fitness Model Alex C flexes his muscles
This week's trending post comes from All American Guys, who are introducing us to Alex C, a fitness model and Mr. Teen Tampa last year.
"Let's give a warm welcome to Alex C. at All American Guys. Alex is a 20 year old fitness enthusiast and model from the West Coast of Florida. "Mr. Teen Tampa" was awarded to the hunk last year"... read more.


text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Mar 21, 2000
|Filing date
|Oct 3, 1996
|Priority date
|Oct 3, 1996
|Fee status
|Publication number
|David Francis Bacon, Mark N. Wegman, Frank Kenneth Zadeck
|Original Assignee
|International Business Machines Corporation
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (6), Non-Patent Citations (4), Referenced by (82), Classifications (9), Legal Events (4)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention generally relates to dispatch optimization in an object oriented environment and, more particularly, to a method for determining statically which body of code will be executed when a method is dispatched.
2. Background Description
Object oriented programming (OOP) is the preferred environment for building user-friendly, intelligent computer software. Key elements of OOP are data encapsulation, inheritance of attributes and polymorphism (i.e., overloading of operator names). While these three key elements are common to OOP languages, most OOP languages implement the three key elements differently.
In a conventional programming language, such as C or Pascal, procedures and functions are written to manipulate data and obtain solutions. In contrast, object oriented programming allows the programmer to view concepts as a variety of units or objects in a hierarchy, without worrying about the data type, repeated variable names, or function names. This allows the programmer to concentrate on the program design, rather than programming rules. The programmer can represent relationships among components, objects, tasks to be performed, and conditions to be met in a way that allows the reuse of code components and reduces the bulkiness of code and the time and effort needed to develop programs.
Examples of OOP languages are Smalltalk, Object Pascal, Java, and C++, all of which are well known in the art of computer languages, compilers, and applications programming. Of these, Smalltalk may be characterized as a programming environment instead of merely a language. Smalltalk was developed in the Learning Research Group at Xerox's Palo Alto Research Center (PARC) in the early 1970s. In Smalltalk, a message is sent to an object to evaluate the object itself. Messages perform a task similar to that of function calls in conventional programming languages. The programmer does not need to be concerned with the type of data. Instead, the programmer need only be concerned with using the right message. Object Pascal, another OOP, was created by developers from Apple Computer, some of whom were involved in the development of Smalltalk at PARC, in conjunction with Niklaus Wirth, the designer of Pascal. C++ was developed by Bjarne Stroustrup at the AT&T Bell Laboratories in 1983 as an extension of C. C++ modules are compatible with C modules and can be linked freely so that existing C libraries may be used with C++ programs.
The key concept of all OOP is the class, which is a user-defined type. Classes provide object oriented programming features. Further information on object oriented programming concepts may be obtained by referring to one of several standard text books, such as Object Oriented Design with Applications by Grady Booch, The Benjamin/Cummings Publishing Co., Inc. (1991).
To focus this description on the instant invention, and minimize unnecessary discussion of background information known to persons skilled in the art, descriptive terms will be used where appropriate which, except where noted or where clear from the context, are familiar terms known to ones of ordinary skill in OOP. More particularly, as used herein, a class is a definition of a type of object, describing its methods and the kinds of data that can be placed in the object. During execution of the program various objects are created. When an object is created based on a class, that is called an instance of that class and the names of the individual pieces of data are called instance variables.
The procedures that can be invoked on the data in an instance of a class are the methods of that class. The class definition therefore contains descriptions of both the instance variables and the methods.
Further, a class such as, for example, foo, can be defined in terms of another class such as, for example, bar, by declaring that foo is like bar except that it may contain additional instance variables, additional methods, or that some of the methods have a different definition. In this way the definition of foo can be much shorter than bar's. In this case, foo is said to inherit from bar. Foo is said to be a derived class of bar. Moreover, bar is said to be a base class of foo. If baz is a derived class of foo, then baz is also a base class of bar, which is to say the derived class (and base class) relations are transitive.
A class and its derived class may contain different definitions for an identically named method. For example, foo and bar may both have a method called, for example, addsub, and both have an instance variable named, for example, I, but when addsub is invoked on an instance of foo, I is increased by one, and when it is invoked on an instance of bar, I is decreased by one. The method body, also known as function body, for addsub when the instance is of type foo is the method body which increases I, and the method body for addsub when the instance is of type bar is that which decreases I by one.
It is, in general, not possible to determine (either by compilers or by humans) when looking at a program which invokes a method on an instance what class that instance will be. The reason is that, as the program proceeds, the same code can be applied to instances of many different classes. Therefore, at the time the program is executing the code must determine the class of an instance and invoke the appropriate function body. This process of determining the class of an instance and invoking the appropriate function body is called method dispatch. Method dispatch consists of using both information about the class of the instance and the name of the method to determine which code should be executed next.
In Smalltalk, all method dispatches are made dynamically. In other words, the actual method body that will be invoked at a particular method invocation site is determined by a combination of the class of the object and the name of the method. This may be done by following a pointer from the object to its class, and then looking up the method in the classes' method table. In contrast, C++ allows the programmer to decide whether a particular method should be dispatched statically or dynamically. Methods that are dispatched dynamically are called "virtual methods." The present invention is concerned only with virtual method invocations and, therefore, methods that are dispatched statically will not be described. Accordingly, when the following description references C++ programs, the terms "method dispatch" or "method invocation," unless otherwise qualified, shall mean "virtual method dispatch" or "virtual method invocation." Note that in the C++ literature, a virtual method dispatch is also referred to as a "virtual function call."
Method dispatches are a major source of complexity when trying to optimize the programs. More particularly, there is a direct cost associated with method dispatches in the form of the extra instructions required for the dynamic dispatch, including extra memory operations, and pipeline penalties caused by branching to an unknown address. For C++ programs, these costs have been estimated as ranging from 0% of the total run time, for programs that make no significant use of method dispatch, to 6%, for programs that make moderate use of method dispatch, to 27%, for programs that make extensive use of method dispatch.
There is also an indirect cost relating to inlining" which, in many cases, may be even more significant. As is known in the art, inlining is the process whereby a procedure call is replaced with a copy of the body of the called procedure. Inlining is much more important in object oriented languages than in non-object oriented languages, such as C or Fortran, because object oriented languages encourage smaller, more modularized functions, and often have a linguistic mechanism to support inlining. Studies have shown that C++ functions do in fact have significantly smaller static and dynamic instruction counts than C programs. However, when a method dispatch is dynamic, inlining cannot be performed.
Another cost associated with method dispatch is compilation speed and compiled code size. The compiled code size is increased, and hence the compilation speed is decreased because, without any information about the potential targets of a method dispatch, all the possible methods must be linked into the program. This slows down linkage and causes unused methods to bloat the object file.
There are methods in the relevant art directed to reducing, at least partially, the above-identified problems relating to inlining and compilation speed and compiled code size, but each has limitations in performance, or requires so large of a processing time as to be impracticable.
One of these methods, which will be referred to as the Resolution by Unique Name method, is described by Brad Calder and Dirk Grunwald (hereinafter referenced as "Calder and Grunwald") in their article entitled "Reducing Indirect Function Call Overhead in C++ Programs," Conference Record of the 21st ACM Symposium on Principles of Programming Languages, Portland, Oreg., January 1994, pp. 397-408. In the referenced article, Calder and Grunwald observed that in C++ if there is only one method body defined for a given method signature in the entire program, then all dispatches for that method must be to that one method body. The method signature or function signature in a typed language like C++, Java, or Modula-3 is its name and the number and types of its arguments; for untyped languages like Smalltalk it is just the name and the number of arguments.
It can be seen that if one can determine that for all dispatches from a particular point in the program a particular method body must be invoked, then that dispatch can be replaced by a direct call to the appropriate body of code without modifying the end result of the program, and hence this replacement can safely be done automatically. Calder and Grunwald have published some preliminary measurements stating that, in their selected set of particular benchmark programs, it is possible with the Resolution by Unique Name Method to replace approximately one third of the method dispatches by a direct call.
Calder and Grunwald's Resolution by Unique Name Method can be summarized as being an algorithm for determining when a method dispatch can go only to a single method body, which consists of the steps of:
examining the entire program;
determining which methods have only one method body associated with that method signature;
examining a method dispatch; and
determining whether that method is one of the methods previously determined to have only one function and, if so, converting the dispatch to a direct call.
There is at least one problem with the Resolution by Unique Name Method, though, which is that the replacement of a dispatch by a direct call cannot be done by a traditional compiler. The major reason is that a compiler is usually not given an entire program at a time, but only a piece of the program. The entire program is composed by a program called a linker. Hence, the Resolution by Unique Name Method is generally referred to as a link-time optimization. It is possible for Calder and Grunwald's method to be performed at other times, if it is given appropriate information. For example, if a database of information about an entire program is built first, then when a compiler is used to compile a piece of a program, it can refer to information in the built database about the rest of the program. However, if the rest of the program changes, and the information which was relied upon changes, the program may have to be recompiled using the new information.
Another related method directed to resolving virtual function dispatch is called class hierarchy analysis (henceforth "CHA"), and is described by Dean, Grove and Chambers in "Optimization of Object-Oriented Programs Using Static Class Hierarchy Analysis", in the Proceedings of the Ninth European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming, Springer-Verlag, 1995. CHA uses the type information supplied only in statically typed languages, therefore, is not applicable to a dynamically-typed OOP languages such as Smalltalk.
The meaning of statically-typed, which relates to OOP languages such as C++ is as follows: When a virtual function call is made in C++, it is dispatched through a pointer or a reference to an object, and that pointer has a particular type. The type is either specified explicitly, i.e., statically, by the programmer, or is statically derivable by the compiler from other type information, as shown in the example below:
______________________________________class A {public: virtual void bar();};class B: public A {public: void bar();A* top;};class C: public B {public: virtual void glorp();};void example (B* p) {p → bar(); // Call via explicit type "B"p → top → bar(); // Call via implicit type "A"______________________________________
In either case, the compiler has statically obtainable information about the declared type of the pointer through which the dispatch is being made. The rules of the language (common to C++, Java, and Modula-3) state that a pointer whose static type is "B" can point to objects of type "B" or any of its derived types (but not its base types).
Thus, if A is a base class from which B derives, and C in turn derives from B, then a pointer "p" of static type "B" can actually point to objects of types "B" or "C" at runtime, but not objects of type "A".
CHA resolves a virtual function dispatch by computing this set of possible dynamic types, and then determining the virtual function that would be invoked for each of those types. In the example above, the call "p->foo()" is through a pointer of static type "B", whose possible dynamic types are "B" and "C". For dynamic type "B", the function invoked would be B::foo(); for dynamic type "C" the function invoked would also be B::foo(), since "C" does not override foo and therefore inherits its definition from "B". Since there is only one possible target function for all of the possible dynamic types that "p" can point to, the call can be resolved to "p->B::foo() ".
In the second example, the pointer "p->top" is to an object of static type "A", so the possible dynamic types are "A", "B", and "C". If "p->top" points to an object of type "B" or "C", the virtual function B::foo() will be invoked, as we just described. However, if "p->top" points to an object of type "A", then A::foo() will be invoked because "A" defines its own version of the "foo" function. Since there is more than one possible target function, the call cannot be resolved by CHA.
It can be seen by one of ordinary skill that the set of virtual call sites resolved by CHA is a superset of the call sites resolved by Calder and Grunwald's Unique Name method. This is because CHA starts by using the signature of the function and then uses the static type information to identify additional virtual call sites.
However, since CHA relies on knowing the set of classes derived from a particular static class type, it requires knowledge of the complete class hierarchy. Therefore, like the Resolution by Unique Name Method, CHA can either be performed at link-time or at an earlier phase, provided that a program database is available which specifies the complete class hierarchy.
Still another method known in the art for removing dead code is referred to as "alias analysis." A description of alias analysis can be found in several publications, including K. Cooper et al., "Fast Interprocedural Alias Analysis", Conference Record of the Sixteenth ACM Symposium on Principles of Programing, ACMPRESS, January 1989, pp. 49-59. Basically, alias analysis processes a program in a manner that keeps track of every variable identified during compilation, and keeps track of what each variable could possibly point to, and iterates repeatedly over each function call to determine, rigorously, if the call will occur during running of the program. Depending on which particular alias analysis algorithm is used, and which language it is applied to, and other program-specific parameters, this method often requires, in typical cases approximately fifty to one thousand iterative inspections of the entire program and of each function call. Accordingly, alias analysis can be impracticable for many applications.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for determining statically which body of code will be executed when a method is dispatched.
It is another object of the invention to provide a very fast, simple type-inference process for object oriented programs.
As will be seen from the description below, the present invention, which will be called the Rapid Type Analysis, (or "RTA"), converts many cases of method dispatches to direct calls which would not have been converted by the class hierarchy analysis (CHA). Further, the present invention can potentially reduce the set of possible method bodies that can be invoked at a method dispatch site. The RTA method accomplishes this function by inspecting each function call only once, instead of the repeated inspections required by alias analysis.
More particularly, the present invention provides a process for increasing the execution speed of programs which comprises the steps of examining a program to identify all procedure bodies that can be invoked for a given class and a given method, analyzing a procedure body to determine whether a method invocation on a pointer can invoke only one procedure body, and changing either the procedure body or the invocation mechanism so that a unique procedure is directly called without a test or dispatch being used.
Further, the present invention provides a method to determine that certain code in the object oriented program will never be executed. Since unexecuted code does not need to be compiled or linked into the final program, reducing both compilation time and the size of the compiled program.
There are two basic detections used within the present invention to establish that code cannot be executed, which are summarized below. Although these detections are summarized in the language of flow analysis, in a conservative manner, the preferred implementation will be an optimistic one. For informational purposes, a complete technical definition of "optimistic" can be found in, for example, Constant Propagation with Conditional Branches, by Mark Wegman and Frank Kenneth Zadeck, ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems, volume 13 number 2, April 1991.
The first detection identifies methods for which there for no dispatches. This detection is exploitable because if there are no dispatches of a given method then that method contains only dead code and therefore can be eliminated. When all such code bodies have been eliminated, there may be remaining methods which were only invoked from code bodies now known to be dead code. Therefore, this first detection can be iterated. It should be noted that "iteration" as used here distinguishes from "iteration" as used in alias analysis, the latter referring to repeated inspection of the same functions or methods.
If using a conservative analysis the present method assumes at its start that all procedure bodies are dead, with the exception of those procedures specially defined by the language to be invoked automatically when the program is run. For example, for C++ these automatically invoked procedures would be the procedure named "main" and the constructor methods of any objects defined in the outer, "global", scope. These specially designated procedures are considered to be live. It should be noted that a procedure is live if it cannot be determined, with certainty, that it will not be called. In other words, a procedure is live if, with some particular set of inputs, it may be executed when the program is run.
Code directly invoked from live code is flagged as live. This process is iterated until there is no more live code discovered. All other code is now known to be dead and can be safely eliminated. As will be described, "optimistic" analysis can obtain a better result. This can be seen by considering a routine that invokes itself but is not invoked from anywhere else. The optimistic analysis will correctly determine that the code is, in fact, dead, whereas the more conservative analysis will not.
The second detection identifies classes and derived classes for which there are no allocations of objects. It is then known that all methods defined for that class cannot be invoked. Subsequently it is known that certain code, i.e., the code relating to these methods, is dead. Next, since it is then known that the only allocations for certain classes are within that dead code, this second detection can be iterated. The present inventive method combines these two detection mechanisms for discovering dead code. As will be described, the present invention preferably employs techniques of optimistic analysis to obtain a stronger result. Further, in a preferred implementation, the program code is examined to identify all method bodies that can be invoked for a given class and a given method. An identified procedure body is analyzed to determine whether a method invocation on a pointer can invoke only one method body. Based on this analysis, either the method body or the invocation mechanism is changed so that a unique method is directly called without a test or dispatch being used. More specifically, rather than using the alias analysis method of trying to identify the possible types at each virtual function call site, the methods implemented in this invention are directed to identifying the set of possible types that can be created by a program. This greatly simplifies the task. Because of the design and usage conventions of C++ classes, the process is almost as precise as more complex alias analysis methods that attempt to track the possible type of each individual variable. The result is a reduced processing time, which can be as much as fifty to one thousand times, depending on the particular code. Further, the present method is also easily adapted to allow separate compilation.
The foregoing and other objects, aspects and advantages will be better understood from the following detailed description of a preferred embodiment of the invention with reference to the drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a computer system on which the object oriented dispatch optimization procedure according to the invention may be implemented; and
FIGS. 2a, 2b, 2c, and 2d constitute a flow diagram illustrating the logic of the present method.
The invention applies to all OOP languages that provide dynamic method dispatch, including C++, Smalltalk, etc.
The invention assumes that the class created by a NEW operation is known. In C++, this is always so because the new operation can only be performed with a type name, which is static. In languages such as Smalltalk, the NEW operation can take a type variable, so the class or classes created must be determined by analysis. To apply this invention to Smalltalk, it must be supplemented with a procedure for determining the set of classes that can be created by each NEW operation.
Referring now to the drawings, and more particularly to FIG. 1, there is shown a block diagram showing a computer system 100 on which a preferred embodiment of the present invention operates. The preferred embodiment includes one or more application programs 102. One type of application program 102 is a compiler 105 which includes an optimizer 106. The compiler 105 and optimizer 106 are configured to transform a source (like an application program 102) program into optimized executable code. More generally, the source program is transformed to an optimized form and then into executable code. A more detailed description of basic concepts of compilers is found in Alfred V. Aho, Ravi Sethi and Jeffrey D. Ullman, Compilers: Principles, Techniques, and Tools, published by Addison-Wesley Publishing Co. (1986).
The compiler 105 and optimizer 106 operate on a computer platform 104 that includes a hardware unit 112. The hardware unit 112 includes one or more central processing units (CPU) 116, a random access memory (RAM) 114, and an input/output interface 118. Micro-instruction code 110, for instance a reduced instruction set, may also be included on the platform 104. Various peripheral components may be connected to the computer platform 104 including a terminal 126, a data storage device 130, and a printing device 134. An operating system 108 coordinates the operation of the various components or the computer system 100. An example of computer system 100 as described above is the IBM RISC System/6000 (RISC System/6000 is a trademark of the IBM Corporation.) It is readily understood that those skilled in the computer arts will be familiar with many equivalent computer systems 100.
FIGS. 2a-2d is a flow diagram of the invention. It shows a procedure for calculating the set of potentially live procedures P, and the set of potentially instantiable classes C. This information can subsequently be used for function call de-virtualization, code compaction, programming environments, etc. as described in the subsequent section.
The process depicted in FIGS. 2a-2d applies to OOP languages in general, both statically typed languages like C++ and Java, and dynamically typed languages like Smalltalk. Steps that are dependent on the language semantics are represented as double boxes. Single boxes represent steps that apply uniformly to all OOP languages.
The process is described using the notation of set theory in order to simplify and clarify the presentation. For increased operating efficiency, the preferred embodiment uses lists, trees, and hash tables to represent these sets. Further, iteration of steps is presented in terms of creating a set and then subsequently removing its elements. For efficiency in operation the preferred embodiment will implement this as iteration over lists or as marking and unmarking of set elements. A generic operation of the process according to the present invention will now be described:
The process begins by initializing its data sets. More particularly, the set of live procedures P is initialized in a language-dependent manner (300). For C++, P is initialized to main() and the constructor methods of all global scope objects. The set of unexamined live procedures U is set equal to P (301).
The set of live classes C (those that may be instantiated by the program under analysis) is initialized in a language-dependent manner to be those classes which must of necessity be created (or are already created) when the program is started (302). For C++, this is the set of classes that are created as objects in the global scope.
The set of virtual function invocations I is also initialized to be empty (303). The set I records, in a language-dependent manner, the kinds of virtual function calls that have been made by procedures that have been determined to be live by the process. Each member of the set I is a pair of <function-name, type-information>. For Smalltalk, the type information is simply the arity (number of arguments) of the function called. For C++ and Java, the type information is the declared static type of the pointer or reference through which the virtual call was made, and the types of the arguments of the function.
The process then commences its outer iteration over the unexamined procedures in U (304). If there are no unexamined procedures remaining, the process terminates. Otherwise, a procedure p is removed from U (305).
The set Cp of classes created by procedure p is computed in a language dependent manner (306). For statically typed languages, this information is easily available through a simple static analysis of the procedure body, since when a new class object is created the class type must be specified directly. For dynamically typed languages like Smalltalk, calculating Cp is more complex because the argument to the NEW operation may be a type variable, not just a type constant. For Smalltalk, Cp can either be the set of classes referred to in the procedure body, or else a pre-analysis will have to take place which calculates the set of possible types that could be created.
Once the set of created classes Cp has been computed, the process continues in FIG. 2(b) at B, and iterates over the elements of Cp (310). If Cp is empty, the process continues at C, in FIG. 3(c). If Cp is not empty, a class c is removed from Cp (311).
If c is already in C, the set of live classes, then it has already been instantiated by another procedure that was previously examined, and the algorithm goes back for the next class (312). Otherwise, c is a newly discovered live class and is added to the set C of live classes (313). Mc is computed to be the set of virtual methods of class c; for Smalltalk and other pure OOP languages, all methods are virtual so Mc will be the set of all methods of c (314).
The process then iterates over the methods in Mc (315). When all methods have been examined, control returns to 310 and the next class created by the current procedure p is considered. If there are methods remaining in Mc, the next method m is removed (316). If m has already been discovered to be a live procedure (in the set P), then the next method is considered (317).
Otherwise, a language-dependent test is performed as to whether the method m is compatible with any of the live virtual call invocations in I (318). For Smalltalk, this test simply involves determining whether there is an element <function-name,arity> contained in I, where function-name is the name of m and arity is the number of its arguments. For C++ and Java, the test is more complex: is there a member of I with the same name and argument types as m, whose statically declared type is either c (the class type of method m) or a derived class of c? If this test fails, then there is no method invocation in the live procedures P which is compatible with m, so control returns to 314 and the next method of c is examined. If the test succeeds, then m is a new live method, and is added to both P and U (319); control then returns to 315 and the next method of c is examined.
When all the classes Cp instantiated by procedure p have been examined (310) control passes to C in FIG. 2(c). This is the second phase of the algorithm, which handles the virtual call sites in procedure p. The first phase, shown in FIG. 2(b), handled the new classes created by procedure p.
The set Ip is computed, in a language-dependent manner, to be the virtual functions invocations of the procedure p (320). The invocations are represented in the same way as in the set I, namely as a pair <function-name, type-information>, where type-information is language-dependent.
The process then iterates over the virtual function invocations Ip (321). When there are no more invocations to process, control passes to the final phase of the process, labeled D on FIG. 2(d), which is described further below. While there are invocations remaining to process, an invocation I is removed from IP (322). If an invocation identical to I has already been added to I (323), then control returns to 321 and the next invocation is considered. Otherwise, I is added to I (324).
The set T is computed, in a language-dependent manner, to be all of the methods of live classes (classes in C) that are compatible with I (325). A method is compatible with a call site instance I if a dynamic dispatch at I could potentially be a call to that method. For Smalltalk, the compatibility computation is simple: it is the set of methods of the classes C that have the same name and arity as the invocation described by I. For C++ and Java, it is the set of methods of the classes C that have the same name, arity, and argument types as I, and whose class is either the same as the static class type of i, or is a derived class of the static class type of I.
The set T' is then computed to be the set T without those methods already in P, the set of live procedures (326). The methods in T' are added to P (327) and U, the set of unexamined live procedures (328).
As stated above, when all of the virtual method invocations Ip by procedure p have been considered, control passes to D, shown in FIG. 2(d). The set N is computed to be the non-virtual functions called by p (330). In a pure OOP language like Smalltalk, this set is always empty, and the steps in FIG. 2(d) can be omitted.
The set N' is computed to be the set N without those procedures already in P, the set of live procedures (331). The procedures in N' are then added to P (332) and U (333).
Finally, control returns to A in FIG. 2(a). The processing of procedure p is complete, and a new unexamined live procedure from the set U is processed, or else the process terminates.
The invention has been described in as generic a manner as possible, to enable one of skill in the computer arts to readily tailor it and implement it on various particular languages. In furtherance of that objective the invention has been described using the mathematical notation of set theory. A practitioner skilled in the arts will recognize that these sets can be efficiently implemented using lists, hash tables, and similar standard data structures.
In an example implementation, the invention is implemented within a compiler for the C++ language. The compiler builds a call graph for the program, and the sets P and U are represented implicitly by boolean variables attached to each procedure object. Similarly, there is a graph which represents the class hierarchy, and the set C of live classes is represented implicitly by a boolean value attached to each class object. The set I of call instances is represented by a hash table which is indexed by function signature.
The set Cp of classes instantiated by a procedure p is represented by a list associated with the procedure object. This list is pre-computed in an earlier phase of compilation. Instead of removing elements from the set Cp, our implementation simply traverses this linked list.
Similarly, the set Mc of virtual methods of class c is pre-computed by the compiler as part of its representation of the class hierarchy graph. The set Mc is represented by a hash table, and a standard iterator method is used to examine all of the members of set Mc.
The set Ip of virtual calls by procedure p is also pre-computed by an earlier compiler phase, and the iteration over this set is implemented by traversal of the linked list.
The set T of methods of live classes that are compatible with a virtual call instance i is computed by our example implementation by finding the signature of i with its associated class in the class hierarchy graph, and recursively looking up the same signature in all of the derived classes represented in the class hierarchy graph.
The invention described thus far computes various sets of information regarding an object-oriented program. This information can be applied in a number of ways:
1. Resolution of Dynamic Dispatch. A virtual function call can be converted to a direct function call when there is only one method in P, the set of live procedures, that is compatible with the function name and type information of the called function. If there is more than one compatible function, but only a small number, the call can be resolved by introducing explicit tests for the reduced number of possible target functions.
2. Code Compaction. Code size can be reduced by only linking or including in the program image those procedures in P, the set of live procedures. All other procedures have been proven by the analysis performed by the algorithm to be dead, or impossible to execute.
3. Programming Environment. A programming environment can provide a view of the program in which only those procedures that are live (those in P) are displayed to the programmer, and only those procedures in P are listed or displayed as potential targets of virtual function calls. Classes not in C, the set of live classes, can also be elided. This elision of information will allow the programmer to concentrate on the functional parts of the program.
While the invention has been described in terms of a single preferred embodiment, those skilled in the art will recognize that the invention can be practiced with modification within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
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|Oct 31, 2002
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|Stripping of unnecessary information from source code
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|Method and system for integrating late bound functions and languages into an external program environment
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|Calling of late bound functions from an external program environment and system thereof
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|Late bound programmatic assistance
|U.S. Classification
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Dec 23, 1996
Owner name: IBM CORPORATION, NEW YORK
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:BACON, DAVID F.;WEGMAN, MARK N.;ZADECK, FRANK K.;REEL/FRAME:008596/0558;SIGNING DATES FROM 19961029 TO 19961104
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Effective date: 20040321


text:
Columbine: Yes, I Believe by Jerry Vines
This content is part of a series.COLUMBINE: YES, I BELIEVE.
John 14:1-6
Jerry Vines
It seems to me that the Columbine massacre has graphically portrayed for us the
fading flower of America's youth culture. There are really two sides in the culture war in
America. On the one side there was a boy with a gun and the Trench Coat Mafia. On the
other side there was a girl with a Bible. On one side was a philosophy that finds living
people and leaves them dead. On the other side, the ch5r side, there is a philosophy
which finds people dead and leaves them alive. In the midst of America's fading youth
culture which is like a beautiful flower that is fading right before our eyes, we are
discovering that there is a blooming flower of faith in the hearts and lives of many of the
young people of our land. All of the reading I've been able to do seems to indicate to me
that when the massacre took place in Columbine on April 20, one of the special targets
was those who are Christians. Several of those who were martyred for their faith
believed in the Lord Jesus and had an open, unashamed testimony for the Lord. One of
these was a young lady named Cassie Bernall. Cassie was a 17 year old vivacious young
lady. Had cornsilk hair down almost to her waist. She was growing it very, very long.
She was a member of the West Bowes Community Church in that area. In death she has
been called by many a modern Christian martyr.
Probably you have heard about her story. It was a thrilling and fascinating story.
In the 9th grade Cassie was a troubled middleschooler. She was going down the wrong
path. She was fascinated with witch craft and with suicide. She was into drugs and
alcohol. Her parents could see that things weren't going real well for Cassie. They were
disturbed by the downward spiral they saw in her life as they saw her going from bad to
The parents of Cassie, when she was in the 9th grade took some strong measures.
Th ...
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text:
This establishment is the first beachfront hotel visitors to Penang will encounter. Guests will enjoy the privacy of the idyllic setting, and the old world charms of Georgetown's city centre are easily accessible. Whether travelling on business or enjoying a family holiday, guests' comfort is assured. This air-conditioned establishment offers 200 rooms and suites as well as a hotel safe, a currency exchange facility, a lift, a restaurant, conference facilities and a laundry service. There is also parking for those arriving by car.
The hotel is located on the main link road, between Georgetown and Batu Ferringhi and has its own beachfront area. It is only 13 minutes' drive from the city centre, 10 minutes from the tourism centre at Wat and 45 minutes from Penang Bayan Lepas International Airport by car.
The rooms and suites feature a view either of the sea, the mountain or the city. All accommodation comes with an en suite bathroom as well as a direct dial telephone, a TV, a mini fridge, tea and coffee making facilities, centrally regulated air conditioning and a safe.
The hotel offers an open air pool and guests may also enjoy a game of volleyball.
Shores restaurant provides a cosy place for dining and serves an � la carte menu.
Diners Club, MasterCard and VISA are accepted at this hotel.
Room Facilities:
Direct dial telephone
Mini fridge
Tea Coffee
Central airconditioned


text:
.ugg boots bailey button "I believed it was my duty to tell HP about what I had designed while working for them.Ugg Men BootsI highly recommend these boots. Perfect for even not-so skinny jeans, because the buttons can come undone, and so it's super easy to stuff your jeans in your boots and then button them up, which I do all the time. "If the garden was a secret and wecould get into it we could watch the things grow biggerevery day, and see how many roses are alive. Had it been otherwise, he would not have risen to be a departmental head of the Bureau de S?ret?, nor would he have been the police official of all Europe most dreaded by the international criminals it was his special business to foil and catch. Other than that, they're great. Nordstrom Ugg Boots Womens " This time it was the normally shy Wozniak who became prickly.Short Black Ugg Boots Had it been otherwise, he would not have risen to be a departmental head of the Bureau de S?ret?, nor would he have been the police official of all Europe most dreaded by the international criminals it was his special business to foil and catch. Yes No Fur Ruff Unacceptable Joseph A. Getting shocked was a badge of honor for Woz. He could stun an unsuspecting victim with an emotional towel-snap, perfectly aimed. "That's how we started referring to it as the Cream Soda Computer," Wozniak recalled.ugg coquetteCheapest Ugg Boots Australia He had become addicted to Pong at a Sunnyvale bowling alley, and he was able to build a version that he hooked up to his home TV set.
Mary sat up in bedand felt miserable and angry. ugg boots bailey button .Buy Ugg Australia Boots Online He could stun an unsuspecting victim with an emotional towel-snap, perfectly aimed. It looks a walkover now to me, unless they get frightened, and jib." Interestingly, given his own background, he was adamantly against one option. LSD shows you that there's another side to the coin, and you can't remember it when it wears off, but you know it. [ugg boots bailey button] "I began to realize that an intuitive understanding and consciousness was more significant than abstract thinking and intellectual logical analysis," he later said.
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"31 The National Arbitration Forum, which has been appointed by ICANN to resolve most Internet domain name disputes, has used Deckers Outdoor Corporation ownership of the UGG trademark in the United States as part of several decisions to direct Internet domains containing UGG to be transferred to Deckers. Nordstrom Ugg Boots Womens Worth every penny. But he changed the spelling in order not to conflict with the name of the audio equipment maker McIntosh Laboratory.[3][35] Deckers began asserting its new trademark and sent out cease and desist letters to Australian manufacturers. [Nordstrom Ugg Boots Womens] "So that's our approach.


text: Hi I'm monsterman21, I'm on the 1st Monster Hunter PS2 and Monter Hunter 3tri online I'm part of 'The Calastyl Clan'. My name is Dino if you need help jst ask!Bros:Francy(DarkRathlos97)Grizzly,Zoey. Retrieved from "http://monsterhunter.wikia.com/wiki/User_blog:Monsterman21/Welcome_2_my_page?oldid=354947" Ad blocker interference detected! Wikia is a free-to-use site that makes money from advertising. We have a modified experience for viewers using ad blockers Wikia is not accessible if you've made further modifications. Remove the custom ad blocker rule(s) and the page will load as expected. Category: Blog posts


text:
8225 N Winans Road, Alma 48801
See more homes for sale in Alma, MI
If you are looking for a very nice well kept property, beautiful yard/landscaping, and more large storage barns than you can imagine,plus almost 5 acres, here is your new home. This home is a 1994 updated single wide home (that doesn't look like a single wide) with bonus room that has wood burning furnace that you could finish to your liking. Home is also on a 5 block concrete permanent crawl space. then walk out back to not 1, not 2, but 3 large outbuildings to store all your toys/auto's/ and maybe even rent some space out for storage. This is a very nice above average property. You must see to appreciate. Motivated seller has priced it to sell. Lots of room for animals if you wanted.
Property Information
- Status
- Active
- Address
- 8225 N Winans Road
- City
- Alma
- Zip
- 48801
- County
- Gratiot
- Township
- Pine River
- Possession
- At Closing
- Zoning
- Agricultural Res
- Listing Date
- 08/22/2016
- Total Finished SqFt
- 1,280
- Above Grade SqFt
- 1,280
- Garage
- 4.0
- Garage Desc.
- Concrete Floors, Detached, Door Opener, Heated, Plumbing, Pole Construction
- Waterfront Desc
- None
- Water
- Private Well
- Sewer
- Private Septic
- Year Built
- 1994
- Home Style
- Manufactured/Single Wide
- Summer Taxes
- $620
- Association Fee
- $0
Rooms and Land
- MasterBedroom
- 13X14 1st Floor
- Bedroom2
- 9X14 1st Floor
- Bedroom3
- 10X11 1st Floor
- Dining
- Combo
- Kitchen
- 10X14 1st Floor
- Laundry
- 11X5 1st Floor
- Living
- 16X14 1st Floor
- Other
- 23X13 Lower Floor
- Basement
- Block, Crawl Space
- Cooling
- Central Air, Forced Air, Propane
- Heating
- Central Air, Forced Air, Propane
- Acreage
- 4.99
- Lot Dimensions
- 329x660
- Appliances
- Blinds, Ceiling Fan, Dryer, Electric Water Heater, Exhaust Fan, Microwave, Oven/Range, Refrigerator, Smoke Alarms(s), Washer
- Fireplace Desc.
- Stove, Wood
- Interior Features
- Bay Window(s), Drywall, Mud Room
- Exterior Materials
- Brick, Vinyl
- Exterior Features
- Countryside View, Deck, Gutters
Listing Video for 8225 N Winans Road, Alma MI 48801
Mortgage Calculator
Listing Broker
Listing Courtesy of Re/Max Of Mt. Pleasant, Inc
Office Address 1414 W HIGH STREET
Listings last updated: . Some properties that appear for sale on this web site may subsequently have been sold and may no longer be available.
Our Michigan real estate agents can answer all of your questions about 8225 N Winans Road, Alma MI 48801. Real Estate One, Max Broock Realtors, and J&J Realtors are part of the Real Estate One Family of Companies and dominate the Alma, Michigan real estate market. To sell or buy a home in Alma, Michigan, contact our real estate agents as we know the Alma, Michigan real estate market better than anyone with over 100 years of experience in Alma, Michigan real estate for sale.
The data relating to real estate for sale on this web site appears in part from the IDX programs of our Multiple Listing Services. Real Estate listings held by brokerage firms other than Real Estate One includes the name and address of the listing broker where available.
IDX information is provided exclusively for consumers personal, non-commercial use and may not be used for any purpose other than to identify prospective properties consumers may be interested in purchasing.
Nothern Great Lakes REALTORS® MLS. All rights reserved.


text:
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text:
I keep saying no more geek talk, but then I find one more geeky tech thing that I love and feel the need to talk about it. See that photo on the left? It's an instagram photo I took of my laptop screen to show what I was doing, which was creating a "recipe" on IFTTT, a site I found when googling different ways of adding Instagram photos to (specifically) a WordPress blog.
What I like about this is that if I'm out and take an Instagram photo that I think is worth a blog post, I can get that photo sent automatically to my blog, as a draft. What this means is I can tweak things even more before publishing my post. I like that the photo will already be here when I open up my dashboard, so if I'm feeling lazy I can just select one of these draft photos, add some text and publish! It means I won't forget what I wanted to blog about (short memory at times, what can I say)! It also gives me a few back-up images if I'm pressed for time or out of things to say (which is probably unlikely but you never know)!
If you're curious, go check out IFTTT.com, there's lots to explore!


text:
It was only a matter of time before some Web portal released a food section and it looks like Yahoo decided to step forward. The cleverly named Yahoo Food will walk you through doing about anything from cooking a great meal all the way to finding a great restaurant that will cook the great meal for you.
I am actually really impressed with how nicely everything is laid out and it looks like they are catering (no pun intended) to the people who are preparing holiday meals in a few weeks. If you're not sure what you want to cook then just go to their Recipe section and you can find recipes by the main ingredient that they use, the meal they're intended for, cooking method, taste and texture, or even by the type of cuisine.
While it may be fun and useful to view the cooking ideas I don't recommend you go to this site if you're hungry because it only makes things worse. :D


text:
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text:
Zucchini Relish
Recipe by Mrs. Hughes
Got this from a co-worker who got it from a friend of hers. This is the best zucchini relish I've ever had. We put it on white beans, hot dogs, in tuna salad, chicken salad, ham salad, and sometimes have it as a side dish. It is really good.
Top Review by MISSIB
Missib says in fairness this hasn't set too long but it seems like a lot of vingar plus a lot of sugar - gives your mouth pucker-power. But this is her first shot at canning so to speak but she did follow all the directions here so maybe it is suppose to give you pucker power. This is a nice recipe and she enjoyed making it and she liked it very much.
See Discussion:1 Review
Ingredients Nutrition
Grind and let stand overnight
- 10 cups zucchini, rind and seeds, too
- 4 cups onions
- 1 red bell pepper
- 1 green bell pepper
- 5 tablespoons salt
Drain and rinse in cold water and add
- 2 1⁄2 cups cider vinegar
- 5 1⁄2 cups sugar
- 1 teaspoon nutmeg
- 1 teaspoon turmeric
- 1 teaspoon celery seed
- 1 teaspoon cornstarch
Directions See How It's Made
- Simmer 30 minutes.
- Pour in sterilized, hot jars and seal.
- Use enamel or earthenware utensils, not aluminum.