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Protocol for a randomized controlled trial evaluating the effect of physical activity on delaying the progression of white matter changes on MRI in older adults with memory complaints and mild cognitive impairment: The AIBL Active trial
Older adults free of dementia but with subjective memory complaints (SMC) or mild cognitive impairment (MCI) are considered at increased risk of cognitive decline. Vascular risk factors (VRF), including hypertension, heart disease, smoking, hypercholesterolemia and lack of physical activity (PA) have been identified as modifiable risk factors contributing to cognitive decline, and white matter hyperintensities (WMH) are associated with VRF, SMC and cognitive impairment. Findings from a growing number of clinical trials with older adults are providing strong evidence for the benefits of physical activity for maintaining cognitive function, but few studies are investigating these benefits in high-risk populations. The aim of AIBL Active is to determine whether a 24-month physical activity program can delay the progression of white matter changes on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
This single-blind randomized controlled trial (RCT) is offered to 156 participants, aged 60 and older, in the Melbourne arm of the Australian Imaging Biomarkers and Lifestyle Flagship Study of Aging (AIBL). Participants must have SMC with or without MCI and at least one VRF. The PA intervention is a modification of the intervention previously trialed in older adults with SMC and MCI (Fitness for the Ageing Brain Study). It comprises 24 months of moderate, home-based PA (150 minutes per week) and a behavioral intervention package. The primary outcome measure will be change in WMH after 24 months on MRI. Cognition, quality of life, functional fitness, level of physical activity, plasma biomarkers for cerebrovascular disease and amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) imaging comprise secondary measures.
Currently, there is no effective pharmacological treatment available to delay cognitive decline and dementia in older adults at risk. Should our findings show that physical activity can slow down the progression of WMH, this RCT would provide an important proof of concept. Since imbedded in AIBL this RCT will also be able to investigate the interaction between vascular and Alzheimer's disease pathologies.
Trial Registration
Australia New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12611000612910
The proportion of the global population aged over 60 years is expected to increase from 11% in 2009 to 22% by 2050
Older adults at risk of cognitive decline are those free of dementia but with subjective memory complaints (SMC) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). SMC is defined as complaining about a deterioration of cognitive function without showing objective impairment on cognitive testing
White matter hyperintensities (WMH) on structural brain scans have been associated with cognitive impairment
It is well established that physical activity (PA) is essential for maintaining physical abilities and independence in old age
To date, a few randomized controlled trials (RCT), literature reviews and meta-analyses have shown that PA has a positive effect on cognitive function for older adults with healthy cognition, SMC, MCI and dementia
Findings from animal research have generated several hypotheses to explain the cognition-enhancing effects of PA. These include neurogenesis
The main purpose and novel aspect of the present study is to conduct a methodologically rigorous RCT to determine whether PA can delay the progression of white matter changes, as measured by MRI, in community dwelling older adults with SMC and MCI who have at least one VRF. Secondary objectives are to investigate the effects of PA on cognition, well-being, physical function, plasma biomarker level for CVD and brain fibrillar beta-amyloid load measured with beta-amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. This paper describes the design of the AIBL Active study.
Study design
AIBL Active is a single blind RCT (Figure
Figure 1
Study design
Study design.
Community-dwelling older adults will be recruited in Melbourne, Australia. Participants are individuals with SMC or MCI with at least one VRF and who are also participants in the Australian Imaging, Biomarkers and Lifestyle (AIBL) flagship study
Participants will be eligible for enrolment in AIBL Active if they satisfy the following criteria: (i) aged 60 years or over at last birthday, (ii) diagnosis of SMC or MCI, (iii) community dwelling, (iv) presence of at least one VRF factor (such as obesity, hypertension, heart disease, type II diabetes, smoking, hypercholesterolemia and doing less than 150 min/week of moderate PA), (v) understands written and spoken English. Exclusion criteria include: (i) baseline Standardized Mini-Mental State Examination score (SMMSE) < 24
This study is funded by the National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia. Ethics approval has been obtained from the Melbourne Health Human Research Ethics Committee and the project complies with the Declaration of Helsinki.
Recruitment and screening
Potential participants will be identified for inclusion and sent a letter of invitation by a member of the AIBL team. Each participant will be asked to contact the AIBL Active team by telephone and arrange a convenient time for a research assistant to check his/her eligibility (according to the study inclusion and exclusion criteria) using a screening protocol.
The 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS – 15)
Participants will be assessed at baseline and after six months, 12 months and 24 months (see Table
With the exception of the SMMSE (because it is administered at the start of the visit to determine eligibility), the cognitive assessment will be administered by a neuropsychology research assistant who will remain blind to group allocation. The SMMSE and physical assessments will be conducted by a physical activity research assistant (PA RA). The SMMSE
Measures administered by the neuropsychologist
The following 12 assessments comprise the cognitive battery. The Alzheimer's disease Assessment Scale – Cognitive section (ADAS-cog)
The Cambridge Contextual Reading Test (CCRT)
The Clinical Dementia Rating Scale (CDR)
The Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD) neuropsychological assessment battery
The Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST-64)
The n-Back Task
The Trails A & B/Trail Making Test (TMT)
The Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function – Adult Version (BRIEF-A)
The Short Form-36v2
The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS)
The Memory Complaint Questionnaire (MAC-Q)
The Everyday Competence Questionnaire (ECQ)
The test battery for the physical assessment will include resting blood pressure, height, weight, body composition, waist and hip girths, step test for dynamic balance
Several questionnaires used in FABS II
MRI scan
All scanning will be performed on a Siemens (Erlangen, Germany) 3T Tim Trio Scanner using a 12-channel phased array coil. High resolution data sets will be acquired to allow accurate evaluation of brain atrophy and white matter disease. Seven MRI sequences will be acquired: 1) Sagittal T1 weighted Magnetization Prepared Rapid Gradient Echo (MPRAGE) MRI; isotropic 1mm voxel (TR = 1900ms, TE = 2.13ms, flip angle = 9°, TI = 900ms); 2) Sagittal 3D Fluid Attenuated Inversion Recovery (FLAIR); isotropic 1mm voxel (TR = 5000ms, TE = 355ms, flip angle = 120°, TI = 1800ms); 3) Axial T2 Turbo Spin Echo; 36 slices, 3mm thickness, 0mm gap, in plane resolution of 0.9x0.9 mm (TR = 3000ms, TE = 98ms); 4) Resting state imaging: 7min 35sec acquisition; Blood Oxygenation Level Dependent (BOLD) contrast, single-shot, T2*-weighted, gradient-echo planar imaging (EPI) sequence; 34-slice acquisition (TR = 2500 ms, TE = 30ms, flip angle = 90°, voxel size = 3.0 mm; 5) Diffusion Tensor Imaging: FOV 240, 55 slices, 2.5/0 thickness, TR = 8700ms, TE = 122ms, Resolution 96 x 96, B values 0 and 1000, 30 directions and bandwidth 1408; 6) Arterial Spin Labelling: FOV 192, 14 slices, 6/1.5 thickness, TR = 2500ms, Te = 11ms, Resolution 64 x 64, TI (1) = 700ms, TI (2) = 1800ms, Bandwidth 2232 and 101 measurements; and 7) Susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI); 1 x 40 slice axial volume, 4mm thickness, 0.8mm gap, in plane resolution of 0.5 x 0.5 mm (TR = 40ms, TE = 30ms, flip angle = 15°).
Visual assessment of white matter disease progression and medial temporal lobe atrophy
White matter hyperintensities (WMH) at baseline will be rated using the Scheltens scale (range, 0 to 84 points)
Volumetric MRI analysis
Volumetric analysis of the white matter lesions will be performed at a laboratory equipped with FSL (
PET scan
The PET ligand F-18 Florbetapir (previously known as F-18 AV-45) will be used to image in vivo amyloid, based on the presence of amyloid plaques in the brains of AD patients. This compound was conceived of, synthesised, and clinically developed at the University of Pennsylvania and Avid Radiopharmaceuticals Pty Ltd (Philadelphia). This drug has completed Phase III clinical trials and been submitted to the Food and Drug Administration for marketing approval as a diagnostic test for the detection of amyloid plaques. No adverse effects have been found during the clinical development of this compound.
PET image acquisition
Participant preparation consists of intravenous (IV) catheterization and immobilization of the head with a Velcro strap. The scan will require an IV bolus administration over 30 sec of 370 MBq (less than 5 micrograms) of high specific activity F-18 Florbetapir. Fifty minutes post injection of the compound, a 15 minute scan will be acquired using a Phillips Allegro PET camera.
Co-registration of each participant's MRI with the PET images will be performed and an MRI ROI template transferred to the co-registered PET. Standardized uptake value ratios (SUVR) will be generated by normalizing to the cerebellar cortex. Neocortical beta-amyloid burden will be expressed as the average SUVR of the area-weighted mean of frontal, superior parietal, lateral temporal, lateral occipital, and anterior and posterior cingulate regions.
Randomization and blinding
Randomization will be undertaken in blocks of six participants (three in each of the treatment arms). The blocks were generated in STATA 10 (StataCorp, TX, USA). An investigator not directly involved in the recruitment or assessment of participants will perform allocation to study groups. Due to logistic difficulties, participants will not be blind to the intervention and sham PA will not be used. However, the "clinical staff" involved in the collection of endpoints will not be aware of group allocation (single blind). Blinding will be supported by the performance of cognitive and physical assessments at different locations and explicit instructions to participants and research staff not to discuss issues related to PA during the assessments.
The intervention period will be 24 months divided into 4 stages; Stage 1: 0–6 months; Stage 2: 6–12 months; Stage 3: 12–18 months; Stage 4: 18–24 months, with review at the end of each stage (Figure
Physical activity program
Participants will be advised to perform at least 150 min/week of moderate PA as per the PA recommendations for older people
In order to maintain standardization of the physical activity programs one CI will monitor the programs prescribed by the PA RA. The PA program will include instructions on how to read the program, complete the activities, record their sessions, and exercise safely. Participants will be given a simple diary to record their PA. The diaries, once completed, will be mailed back to the PA RA at the end of each month.
Adherence during the intervention will be calculated from the number of sessions completed and recorded on the exercise diaries. This will be expressed as a percentage of the number of sessions completed relative to the number of sessions prescribed.
Behavioral intervention
Participants will receive the same educational material and recommendations for a healthy lifestyle as the control group. In addition they will receive a manual containing the PA program and the behavioral intervention (BI). The intervention program will be based on the Stages of Change model modified for PA
Strategies to increase adherence to the program will be discussed during the workshop and worksheets will be included in a manual. During the 24-month trial, the PA RA will mail newsletters at regular intervals to participants, which contain additional motivational information. This will also be reinforced during the 18 telephone calls made at regular intervals. Participants will be contacted by telephone for a standardized and structured 15-minute interview to monitor and give feedback on their progress and encourage their continuing adherence. In addition pedometers will be given to the participants for the duration of the study and midway through each 6-month period they will be asked to record their daily steps for 4 weeks while trying to reach a personalized target. Pedometer-based interventions have been shown to be an effective way to help maintain PA in older adults
Content and program evaluation
At the end of each follow-up visit, the intervention group participants will be asked to complete a brief interview questionnaire on the content and processes of the program including how easy the program was to understand and follow, and any barriers that were encountered.
Control group
Control group (usual care) participants will receive educational material and recommendations for a healthy lifestyle (other than PA). Participants will be contacted by telephone at the same frequency as the intervention group to ensure that the control and intervention group have similar treatment except for the actual intervention. Conversation for this group will be limited to their general health and will not include discussion about PA. At the end of each follow-up visit, control group participants will be asked to complete a brief interview questionnaire related to their involvement in the study. At the conclusion of the study, these participants will be offered the opportunity to attend an educational session on PA.
Statistical methods
Participants who drop out during the trial will be invited to return for the follow-up assessments. We will use imputation by chain equations (ICE) to estimate possible missing outcomes in an intention-to-treat analysis (primary analysis). A complete-case analysis will also be conducted, which includes participants with valid data at all time points. We will use multilevel regression models to take into account repeated measures and intra-individual variability (mixed models). These models will be adjusted for confounding should the randomization produce unbalanced groups.
The volumetric change in WMH white matter load at 24 months and the modified WMH change score will be assessed using an independent 2-sample
Sample size and power calculation
The primary outcome of interest in this study is change of WMH on follow-up MRI after two years. To our knowledge there is no study having investigated the effect of PA on progression of WMH in older adults with SMC and MCI. However in a recent RCT, Richard et al.
With the global incidence of dementia projected to rise dramatically over the next several decades, developing effective strategies to reduce the risk of cognitive decline or slow its progression is critical. Physical activity has been successfully used to modify VRF
This trial builds on the strengths of the Fitness for the Ageing Brain Study (FABS)
Competing interests
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
Authors' contributions
All authors are members of the AIBL Active research team and participated in the implementation of the study. The physical activity and behavioral intervention program was developed by KC. EC is the project coordinator and drafted the manuscript. NL, PD, DA, CS, OS, KE, PP, CM, CR, RM and KC conceived of the study, participated in its design and coordination and critically reviewed the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
We are most grateful to all volunteers taking part in the study and to our research staff. This project is supported by a project grant from Australia's National Health and Medical Research Council (1005942) to NL, PD, KC, DA, CS, OS, KE, PP, CM, CR and RM.
Funding for the AIBL study is provided by the CSIRO Flagship Collaboration Fund and the Science and Industry Endowment Fund (SIEF) in partnership with Edith Cowan University (ECU), Mental Health Research institute (MHRI), Alzheimer's Australia (AA), National Ageing Research Institute (NARI), Austin Health, CogState Ltd., Hollywood Private Hospital, Sir Charles Gardner Hospital. The study also receives funding from the National Health and Medical Research Council, the Dementia Collaborative Research Centres program (DCRC2) and The McCusker Alzheimer's Research Foundation and Operational Infrastructure Support from the Government of Victoria.
Subjective memory complaints, education, and risk of Alzheimer's disease
Clinical practice
Prevalence of cognitive impairment without dementia in the United States
Association of white matter hyperintensity volume with decreased cognitive functioning: the Framingham Heart Study
Subjective cognitive complaints and cognitive decline: Consequence or predictor? The Epidemiology of Vascular Aging Study
The clinical importance of white matter hyperintensities on brain magnetic resonance imaging: systematic review and meta-analysis
Epidemiology of white matter lesions
AD lesions and infarcts in demented and non-demented Japanese-American men
Aging of cerebral white matter: a review of MRI findings
Indpendence: A new reason for recommending regular exercise to your patients
Physical activity and public health in older adults: Recommendation from the American College of Sports Medicine and the American Heart Association
The effect of walking on fitness, fatness and resting blood pressure: A meta-analysis of randomised, controlled trials
Very low-carbohydrate and low-fat diets affect fasting lipids and postprandial lipemia differently in overweight men
Long-term effects of exercise on blood pressure and lipids in healthy women aged 40–65 years: The Sedentary Women Exercise Adherence Trial (SWEAT)
Independent and additive effects of energy restriction and exercise on glucose and insulin concentrations in sedentary overweight men
Physical activity over the life course and its association with cognitive performance and impairment in old age
Physical activity, diet, and risk of Alzheimer disease
The projected effect of risk factor reduction on Alzheimer's disease prevalence
Exercise, cognition, and the aging brain
Effects of aerobic exercise on mild cognitive impairment: A controlled trial
The effects of exercise training on elderly persons with cognitive impairment and dementia: A meta-analysis
Effect of physical activity on cognitive function in older adults at risk for Alzheimer disease
The influence of exercise on brain aging and dementia
Physical exercise as a preventive or disease-modifying treatment of dementia and brain aging
Promotion of the mind through exercise (PROMoTE): a proof-of-concept randomized controlled trial of aerobic exercise training in older adults with vascular cognitive impairment
When neurogenesis encounters aging and disease
Exercise enhances learning and hippocampal neurogenesis in aged mice
Effects of aerobic exercise training on cognitive function and cortical vascularity in monkeys
Short-term exercise in aged Tg2576 mice alters neuroinflammation and improves cognition
Voluntary exercise decreases amyloid load in a transgenic model of Alzheimer's disease
Exercise and time-dependent benefits to learning and memory
Exercise training increases size of hippocampus and improves memory
The Australian Imaging, Biomarkers and Lifestyle (AIBL) study of aging: methodology and baseline characteristics of 1112 individuals recruited for a longitudinal study of Alzheimer's disease
Reliability of a Standardized Mini-Mental State Examination compared with the traditional Mini-Mental State Examination
Short versions of the Geriatric Depression Scale: a study of their validity for the diagnosis of a major depressive episode according to ICD-10 and DSM-IV
'Mini-mental state': a practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician
A new rating scale for Alzheimer's Disease
Improvement in NART word reading in demented and normal older persons using the Cambridge Contextual Reading Test
The CDR: Current version and scoring rules
The Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD). Part V. A normative study of the neuropsychological battery
Analysis of an abbreviated form of the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test
N-back working memory paradigm: A meta-analysis of normative functional neuroimaging studies
Self- and informant reports of executive function on the BRIEF-A in MCI and older adults with cognitive complaints
The SF36 Version 2: critical analyses of population weights, scoring algorithms and population norms
The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale
Assessment of memory complaint in age-associated memory impairment: The MAC-Q
Questionnaire-based evaluation of everyday competence in older adults
A new test of dynamic standing balance for stroke patients: Reliability, validity, and comparison with healthy elderly
The timed "up and go": A test of basic functional mobility for frail elderly persons
Repeated chair stands as a measure of lower limb strength in sexagenarian women
The Fitness for the Ageing Brain Study II (FABS II): protocol for a randomized controlled clinical trial evaluating the effect of physical activity on cognitive function in patients with Alzheimer's disease
The reliability and validity of a 6-minute walk test as a measure of physical endurance in older adults
Psychological basis of physical exertion
CHAMPS physical activity questionnaire for older adults: outcomes for interventions
Using the stages of change model to increase the adoption of physical activity among community participants
Self-efficacy and the stages of exercise behaviour change
Further validation of the satisfaction with life scale: Evidence for the cross-method convergence well-being measures
Pedometer accuracy in nursing home and community-dwelling older adults
A semiquantative rating scale for the assessment of signal hyperintensities on magnetic resonance imaging
Measuring progression of cerebral white matter lesions on MRI
Reliability and sensitivity of visual scales versus volumetry for evaluating white matter hyperintensity progression
Magnetic resonance imaging predictors of cognition in mild cognitive impairment
Hippocampal and entorhinal atrophy in mild cognitive impairment
Visual assessment of medial temporal lobe atrophy on magnetic resonance imaging: Interobserver reliability
Hippocampal and amygdala volumes according to psychosis stage and diagnosis: A magnetic resonance imaging study of chronic schizophrenia, first-episode psychosis, and ultra–high-risk individuals
Relationship between atrophy and β-amyloid deposition in Alzheimer disease
Physical activity recommendations for older Australians
Controlled comparison of retention an adherence in home- vs center-initiated exercise interventions in women ages 40–65 years: The S.W.E.A.T. Study (Sedentary Women Exercise Adherence Trial)
Health promotion by social cognitive means
Using pedometers to increase physical activity and improve health: A systematic review
Toward a theory-based analysis of behavioural maintenance
Vascular care in patients with Alzheimer disease with cerebrovascular lesions slows progression of white matter lesions on MRI
Effects of physical activity on cardiovascular and noncardiovascular outcomes in older adults
Resistance training promotes cognitive and functional brain plasticity in seniors with probable mild cognitive impairment
Pre-publication history
The pre-publication history for this paper can be accessed here:


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This Alternate History is based on the POD that Alfred von Schlieffen, architect of the Schlieffen Plan, does not die in 1913. Instead he lives a few more years, long enough to see the Imperial German Army triumph in the Great War.
See also: German Empire (Schlieffen's Plan)
This alternate history related article is a stub. You can help by expanding it.
On June 28th, 1914, the great conflict known as the Great War began with the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, the heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne. Europe than became split between two groups: the Entente Powers: Britain, France and Russia, and the Central Powers: Germany, Austria-Hungary and the Ottoman Empire.
The Germans under their chief of staff, Alfred von Schlieffen, quickly moved to put into effect the Schlieffen Plan, in which German forces would sweep into Belgium, swing south and seal off Paris from the North, and catching the French on the border in the rear. They planned to end the war in the West in 42 days with a major victory, then move east to fight the Russians, whom they thought would take this long just to mobilize given the size of the country.
So, in July, a German Army of hundreds of thousands stormed into Belgium. Within a week all of Belgium had fallen and German troops were rolling, riding and marching into Northern France. Three weeks into the offensive, the Germans had bypassed Paris and were in the flank of the French troops massing near Alsace-Lorraine. Four-fifths of the entire French Army in Europe was now trapped between the massive German Army occupying their homeland and the German homeland itself. Nearly all of them surrendered.
With the Germans victorious over so much of the French Army, their was little resistance and Schlieffen's attention was turned from destroying enemy armies to capturing their territory. He did this, and on August 31, a division of German soldiers marched into Toulouse, and two divisions occupied Marseilles. All of France was now under German control, and just two days later France surrendered. The British dropped out, too, fearing a disaster upon meeting the Germans in the field.
The Germans now turned east, and Schlieffen feared that his victory over France had taken too long. But it now did not matter, for the Germans could now focus the whole of the German Army to fighting the Russians.
The Russian soldiers' morale was poor, and the Czar, seeing that the civil unrest in his own country was now costing him in the war, decided to gamble everything on one great battle. This he would get.
The Russians' efforts were in vain. In the Battle of Lodz, the German Army enveloped the Russians, as Schlieffen put into practice his fascination with Hannibal's victory over Rome at Cannae. The Russians sued for peace, and the result was the Treaty of Riga, which gave to Germany most of eastern Europe, including the Baltic provinces, and the west areas of Belorussia and the Ukraine.
It was January, 1915, and the Germans, with minimal casualties, had smashed what had been the world's greatest powers.
Germany's allies didn't live to see the glory of the victory. The Austro-Hungarian Empire broke up as three minorities with it declared independence. Being a German-speaking state, the Austrians petitioned for union with the German Empire, and in March, 1915, they got it. The rest of the former empire was divided into Hungary and Yugoslavia, both of which became largely dependent on Germany.
The Ottoman Empire by this time was neither Ottoman, nor a real empire. It split up into six different countries, which became fairly independent and violent, sparking many wars.
No one benefited more from the war then Germany, directly that is. France remained occupied, and the North bank of the Seine was annexed, along with Belgium and Luxembourg. In the East, the Germans annexed all of their new conquests, which it turned into the bread basket of its empire.
It was now July, 1915. In one year, the Germans had transformed the map of Europe. France was a German protectorate, and now one of the most violent places on earth, with partisans fighting the German occupiers. France's overseas colonies had all been annexed by Germany and now spoke German as their first language. The Russians had undergone a revolution, and was now the world's first legitimate communist state, the Soviet Union.
And where was Germany in all this? The unrest in Germany that had existed before the war had increased tenfold. Hardly a day went by without the Reichswehr firing on an angry mob in some German city protesting the Monarchy.
Germany was divided by civil disputes which, in 1917, exploded into the National Socialist Revolution. The Kaiser was dethroned and the military took control. Paul von Hindenburg became chancellor and president, and the civil unrest began to decrease as the protestors of the new government began to disappear...
Fear of Communism and the Slavs pushed the new Germany into a surprise attack on the new Soviet Union to "Liberate those of German blood within the Soviet lands." The campaign, reinforced with the new panzer divisions, pushed to Moscow and captured it without a shot fired. The Germans seized all of the Russian lands east of the Urals.
It is now 1921, and all is well in Germany... saying anything else will get you killed. All thanks to the fact that Schlieffen lived past 1913.

subset: commoncrawl


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Northeast of Reno near Winnemucca, the Bloody Shins trail network consists of three main routes. The beginner loop is 7 miles. The intermediate loop is 12 miles. The advanced loop is 24 miles. This area offers panoramic views which span the valley floor and numerous mountain ranges. The BLM has been designating trails in the area since 1998 for mountain biking.
To reach the trailhead from Reno, head east on US80 to the East Winnemucca Blvd exit. Head south on East Winnemucca Blvd. Turn left on Highland Drive. Then turn left on Kluncy Canyon Road to the trailhead at the end.
There is a kiosk at the trailhead and the trails are marked with carsonite signs. The trail surfaces on all the loops are a combination of dirt roads, two track and single track trails. Mini cattleguards have been installed next to all gates so mountain bikers and hikers do not need to open/close gates.
Overall, Bloody Shins Trail is the 13th most popular mountain bike trail of all 15 mountain biking rides in Nevada.


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Jake Kelly: I need to cut down on mistakes. Coach tells me I need to be a perfectionist and get better at everything.
Q: What are the key areas for you?
Kelly: Strength, using my shoulder driving the lane, drawing contact and getting to the line.
Q: Have you put on much weight during your time in Iowa?
Kelly: I was 190, and that dropped a bit since my mom…that whole thing. I should be 200 by the season, because I have put it on pretty easy.
Q: How are you holding up, considering your loss (mother)?
Kelly: I am doing well. We are playing a lot of ball, my teammates have been there for me and keeping my mind off of things. The fans help a ton. Everyone has my back, people send me cards and messages all of the time, Hawkeye fans, and I don't even know them and that means a lot to me
Q: Did you ever think about not playing this summer?
Kelly: No, I wanted to get back as soon as possible.
Q: Has basketball been like therapy for you?
Kelly: Yeah, it always has been. Anytime you can just focus on one thing and work on your body and skills to improve; that is good.
Q: How has Todd Lickliter been during this?
Kelly: He has been great, he is an extremely nice person. He has been there for me, and he is always there.
Q: Are you doing other things this summer?
Kelly: I am taking six hours of classes and lifting a lot of weights.
Q: You would like to be 200 pounds, what are you now?
Kelly: I bet I am down to 184.
Q: What do you eat, whatever you want?
Kelly: Oh yeah. Our trainer texts me to eat bacon and butter.. It doesn't matter.
Q: What do you expect from the team next year, 6 new guys, all of the unknowns…
Kelly: I think we are going to be good. I think we have the right pieces. They seem like smart players that know the game, its fun playing in open gym. They know how to play.
Q: Does that seem to be the common Lickliter theme?
Kelly: Yeah, people call them system guys, but they are smart players. I have played with athletic players and no so smart players, and smart players. I like playing with smart players.
Q: What are you?
Kelly: I think I am both. (laughs)
Q: After season, did you guys talk about the importance of the summer?
Kelly: Summer is huge. Getting in shape is huge. Playing together, getting to know each other, all of these new guys. We don't have much time.
Q: You have an aunt and uncle in town, right?
Kelly: They have lived here 40 years. That has been a huge help, and was a big part of my decision to come here. I can go there for food and laundry, it's been fun.
Q: When Tony (Freeman) made his decision to leave, did that hit you hard?
Kelly: You know, I kind of saw it coming a little bit. But when he personally told me before he made his decision public, I was shocked. It might have been for the best for both worlds. Me and him were very close, I had nothing against him even if some people think that. We were good friends.
Q: He took a lot of grief for playing out of control. Do you think that was fair?
Kelly: Umm…I think he felt like he had to do everything by himself, which he didn't. Maybe he would have changed next year, but I think it worked out best for both. He will be very good at Southern Illinois.


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About Namita
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experience (including work at a cardiac and pulmonary
rehabilitation program), her strong educational background, her
personal experience with chronic pain and fibromyalgia combined
with her extensive exposure to holistic health topics, have given
her a unique perspective in effectively managing chronic pain.
Ms. Gandhi's
integrative approach to healing combines simple yet powerful body
movements with other effective therapeutic modalities. Being a
movement therapist, she is constantly striving to find creative
ways to incorporate optimal body movement in an individual's
lifestyle. The primary goal of her therapy is to improve the
quality of life of people with chronic pain by empowering them.
Helping people with chronic pain is her true passion and
Since the summer
of 2005, Ms. Gandhi has taught her day long MoveBeyondPain®
program seminars to more than thousand health professionals, all
over the United States.
Ms. Gandhi serves
on the Oregon Pain
Management Commission, the International Leaders
Against Pain Coalition and the Arthritis Action Plan
Coalition. She is a three time winner of the Leaders
Against Pain scholarship from the National Fibromyalgia Association and
a board member of the Pain Society of
About Namita
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text:
|This article is a stub. You can help Terraria Wiki by editing it.
- "Pain, suffering, loneliness, Ahghhhh"
It is said that those who are devoured by an Eater of Souls become a Wraith. These denizens of demnation wander alone through Terraria desperate to reclaim a soul.
- Rarity: ☆☆☆
- Hitpoints: 200
- Attack: 75
- Defense: 18
Other cards
There are nine known cards that are available through buying the Terraria Collector's Edition game.


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Bulova Mens Diamond - Black Stainless Case & Bracelet - Black Dial - 30 m
This striking Bulova watch features a bold, all black design and 8 genuine diamonds accenting the dial, creating a dark and handsome appearance.
- 8 genuine diamonds
- Black stainless steel case and bracelet
- Deployment clasp
- Quartz movement
- Black dial with silver-tone stud markers & three hands
- Water resistant to 30 meters (100 feet)
- Case width of 30mm (approximately 1 1/4 in)
Because Princeton Watches is an authorized Bulova Retailer, all Bulova Watches purchased from us will include the 3 Year Bulova manufacturer's warranty.
In stock items ordered by 4pm Eastern time ship the same day.
All orders $50.00 or more qualify for FREE UPS Ground delivery. Watch orders $149.00 or more qualify for FREE UPS 2nd Day Air delivery. Please note that FREE 2nd Day Air Delivery does not apply to clocks.


text:
Fortress Of The Bear
- 4639 Sawmill Crk. Rd.
- Sitka, AK 99835
- (907) 747-3032
- email@example.com
- www.fortressofthebear.org
A 501 (c)3 non-profit education and rescue center with an exquisite three-quarter acre habitat for orphaned Brown Bear cubs complete with covered viewing areas. Alaska Brown Bear viewing in a natural type setting. .75 Acre exhibit replicates the Southeast Alaska Brown Bear habitat. View Brown Bears as you would encounter them in the wild! $10 adult, $5 for children, no charge for children under 7. Hours 10am-5pm.
- Handicap Accessible:
- More Than One Mile From Town:


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Greening Efforts
Dedicated to the Planet
In addition to our commitment to providing a first-rate entertainment experience, the festival is also committed to consciously greening our events and lowering our environmental impact wherever possible. We want to leave the planet, and Ingalls Mall in particular, as beautiful as we found it. Starting in 2008, the festival launched an ambitious environmental initiative as a way to make a vocal and public commitment to raise awareness about green issues and to encourage the community to be more eco-conscious. Some of our current efforts include:
Food & Beverage
- Requesting all food and beverage vendors use biodegradable or compostable packaging for their food and tableware, whenever possible
- Using cold drink cups from our beer distributor O&W that are made from PLA plastic derived from corn. PLA plastic is a compostable material that when placed in a commercial environment will naturally decompose back to organic elements.
- Engaging food and beverage vendors from the Ann Arbor community in an effort to support local businesses, and to decrease the amount of travel and fuel consumption required for product to get to the event.
- Promoting the efforts of our food vendors who work with organic ingredients and offer numerous options in their menu that do not include any animal products (vegan); as well as those who offer biodegradable containers and cutlery at their Top of the Park location.
- Working with our partners at Whole Foods Market and Coca-Cola to return and recycle cans and bottles more effectively from the festival site.
- Promoting alternative methods of transportation to and from festival events by encouraging attendees to use mass transit, car-pooling and bicycle racks. Local area bike enthusiasts are helping with this effort and promoting bike transportation to festival events all month long.
- Working with local vendors, service providers and staff whenever possible to conserve gas and transportation energy – reducing our carbon footprint on every level while we support 'all things local'.
- Commuting and encouraging others to commute to our office and event site using hybrid vehicles, bicycles, and carpools.
Materials & Production
- Reusing/repairing as much of our production equipment as we can each season, thus keeping excess waste out of landfills.
- Printing our season program guide, brochures, calendar, letterhead, business cards, and other collateral materials using soy inks on various grades of recycled paper.
- Offering organic cotton for the festival apparel sold at the TOPshop.
- Accepting Top of the Park performer submissions electronically online via Sonicbids, an efficient and environmentally friendly alternative to traditional press kits.
- Asking caterers, food and beverage vendors to use recyclable or biodegradable products.
- Increasing the number of recycling bins at festival events, and ensuring that they are more prominently and clearly displayed.
Fun & Education
- Hosting a variety of environmentally-focused activities and entertainment at Top of the Park. Many of these events include numerous hands-on events at the KidZone tent.
- Presenting bands that are touring using bio-diesel vehicles and other environmentally friendly touring methods. These artists often talk about these choices from stage and on their websites.
- Encouraging all festival staff and patrons to "Reduce, Reuse, Recycle" in appropriate ways in our many areas of messaging.
There are many, many things the festival and the community can still do to improve our activities to lessen our impact on the environment, so please join us in doing all you can to "green" our collective activities!


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However, the 6-foot, 190-pound Martin had a very good experience on the visit, and was told he could get an offer during the spring evaluation period.
"It was a good experience," Martin said. "It was nice to get to know the coaching staff and see what it is like to be on a visit, and how much they really care about football, and to see some other talent besides yourself.
"It was also good getting to know the academic part of it."
Martin, who ran for 1,812 yards and 19 touchdowns as a junior, spent much of his time at Penn State speaking with running backs coach Charles London.
"He was saying he's not the yelling type of coach," Martin said. "He's the type that is learning first, and he's not all about football. On Fridays, he likes to go out to dinner (with players) and not talk about football."
Martin didn't get a lot of time with coach Bill O'Brien, but he was able to talk with him briefly after O'Brien addressed the group of recruits at the beginning of the day.
"He said he liked me, but he didn't say too much," Martin said. "He gave a really good speech when we were in the meeting room (to start the day)."
The visit wasn't Martin's first to campus. He is friends with defensive lineman Jordan Hill, and visited him on campus.
However, this was a different type of trip for Martin, and he paid close attention to all the work needed to be successful in the classroom and on the field in college.
"I took out of it that when it is time for the next level, it's all serious," Marin said. "You really have to put your mind into school and football."
Martin also holds offers from Rutgers, Temple, West Virginia and Massachusetts.


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Can Melcion is a Holiday Villa in Pollensa, Mallorca with a Private Swimming Pool
Ref: 1720
7 Bedroom, 5 Bathroom Villa with Mountain View and a Private Swimming Pool , Air Conditioning, WiFi, Теnnis Court, Satellite TV, near Golf, Sleeps a maximum of 12 people.
This outstanding country home, set in an idyllic location, is acknowledged as one of the top 50 historic houses in the North of Mallorca with the main house dating back to the 16th century. Sleeps 14.
Originally built as the main farm house and olive press facility for the neighbouring olive groves. Set amongst 175 acres of its own grounds with enchanting walks through the evergreen oak forests up into the mountains and with its own small orange grove down by the river, the house itself is surrounded by beautiful terraced gardens. With a fantastic array of living space throughout the house offers five reception rooms, a family kitchen, seven bedrooms (five doubles and two twins) and five en suite bathrooms.
The outdoor living areas are just as good with a 16m x 5m swimming pool carved out of the hillside, a tennis court, barbecue area and a selection of covered terraces. Furthermore the property has air conditioning throughout and a full time maid and cook are provided. A haven of peace and tranquillity yet only 6 km from Pollensa Old Town.
Fully Air Conditioned.
Open Fireplaces.
Built-in Barbeque.
Terracotta Floors and Beamed Ceilings.
Washing Machine.
Electric and Gas Oven.
Sky Television with DVD player and Hi-Fi.
Tennis Court with Rackets and Balls.
Snooker and Billiards Table.
Private Farmland Setting.
Full Time Maid and Cook Provided.
Wi-Fi Connection.


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Harp Musicians for hire in Lancashire 37 of the finest Lancashire Harpists to hire for your events
Find Harpists available for your event...
Refine your search for Harpists in Lancashire
Bella RoseHarp Musician based in LancashireNumber of members: 1 5 stars - Bella Rose (Harpist) are Highly Recommended 20 Customer ReviewsFee for Lancashire £220
A stunning harpist based in Manchester who has been playing since the age of 4. Perfect for weddings, corporate events and private parties.
Alice Jayne (Harpist)Harp Musician based 41 miles from LancashireNumber of members: 1 Highly RecommendedFee for Lancashire £226
Alice is a professional award winning freelance harpist based in the North West. Having gained a BMus with First Class Honours in 2012 at the Royal Northern College of Music, Alice went on to complete a Master of Music with distinction under the tutelage of Eira Lynn Jones.
OL HarpHarp Musician based 56 miles from LancashireNumber of members: 1 5 stars - OL Harp (Harpist) are Highly Recommended 13 Customer ReviewsFee for Lancashire £220
OL Harp is a Cheshire based harpist with many years' experience, having played in numerous reputable hotels and venues throughout North West England and North Wales, at weddings and other private functions.
RP HarpHarp Musician based 61 miles from LancashireNumber of members: 1 5 stars - RP Harp (Harpist) are Highly Recommended 2 Customer ReviewsFee for Lancashire £453
Exciting performer recently chosen by Bride's Magazine as The Recommended Harpist for Yorkshire. RP Harp's repertoire is extensive including pieces from The Beatles to Beethoven! Competitive rates for the North and Midlands!
Anne HewittHarp Musician based 65 miles from LancashireNumber of members: 1 5 stars - Anne Hewitt (Harpist) are Highly Recommended 3 Customer ReviewsFee for Lancashire £314
Professional harpist with over 17 years' experience. Performing a wide repertoire of classical, easy listening & traditional music, Anne Hewitt will provide the perfect atmosphere for your special event. Available in the Midlands, North and Wales.
Having trouble finding the perfect Harpist?
If you would like help selecting the perfect harpist for your event, simply give us a call or submit the quick enquiry form below and one of our talented entertainment coordinators will be happy to assist.Make a Quick Enquiry
0845 108 5500 Make a Quick Enquiry
+44 (0) 1782 740 839
Jessica LouiseHarp Musician based 68 miles from LancashireNumber of members: 1 5 stars - Jessica Louise (Harpist) are Highly Recommended 29 Customer ReviewsFee for Lancashire £249
Jessica Louise is an advanced level Harpist performing beautiful, elegant music perfect to give any occasion that unique, special touch!
BereniceHarp Musician based 68 miles from LancashireNumber of members: 1 5 stars - Berenice (Harpist) are Highly Recommended 1 Customer ReviewsFee for Lancashire £314
Berenice is a harpist who can provide the perfect music to suit any occasion. Her extensive repertoire ranges from The Wedding March to Marry You. Berenice also offers a selection of wedding packages to give your day the finishing touch.
Susanna HarpHarp Musician based 93 miles from LancashireNumber of members: 1 5 stars - Susanna Harp are Highly Recommended 8 Customer ReviewsFee for Lancashire £280
Susanna is a traditional harpist. She is an experienced professional musician and her harp music has been a part of many special occasions. Classical, traditional and pop music all appear in her repertoire; perfect as an elegant backdrop.
The Function HarpistHarp Musician based 97 miles from LancashireNumber of members: 1 5 stars - The Function Harpist are Highly Recommended 1 Customer ReviewsFee for Lancashire £252
The Function Harpist is a former first class honours scholar from the Royal College of Music, London. With extensive experience performing around the world and a diverse repertoire suitable for all occasions The Function Harpist will provide your event with a touch of class and elegance.
NocturneHarp and Cello Duo based 126 miles from LancashireNumber of members: 2 5 stars - Nocturne are Highly Recommended 5 Customer ReviewsFee for Lancashire £453
Harp & Cello duo Nocturne, specialise in providing fresh sounding & quite exquisite background music for parties, anniversaries, awards ceremonies, dinner parties; in fact any special occasion where a touch of elegance is going to make a difference.
Booking Guide Contents
- What is a Harpist?
- What music will a Harpist play?
- Popular types of Harpist
- Where in the UK do Alive Harpists perform?
- Is a Harpist suitable for my event?
- How much does a Harpist cost?
- Who are the top 10 Harpists in the UK right now?
- How long will a Harpist play for?
- How much space will a Harpist need?
- How long will it take for a Harpist to set up?
- What equipment will a Harpist need?
What is a Harpist?
Simply put, a harp player is a professional musician who plays the harp! Suitable for many different events, live harp music can provide elegant background music for a wedding, or can perform centre-stage at a classical recital.
A beautiful and unique instrument, the harp produces a soothing and ethereal sound. Our harpists usually play one of two main types of modern harp – either the large concert harp (or pedal harp) or the smaller Celtic harp. Often played in orchestras, and offering the most versatility in terms of repertoire, the concert harp has more strings, producing a full, rounded sound. The Celtic harp is especially suited to folk music, particularly Irish and Scottish, and can also perform a classical and romantic wedding repertoire. Being smaller and lighter, it's ideal for small venues and more intimate occasions.
Harpists can play acoustically or amplified, and as a soloist, a duet or trio with other instruments, such as cello, flute, or clarinet. They can also accompany a singer or perform with a band.
What music will a Harpist play?
Our harpists offer a wide selection of music from many genres, from classical, jazz, and swing, to show tunes, traditional folk music, as well as pop and chart hits. Whatever tone you'd like to set at your exclusive private event, our professional harpists pretty much have it covered! You can expect music from artists including:
- Bach
- Bellini
- Debussy
- Handel
- Mendelssohn
- Mozart
- Rachmaninov
- Vivaldi
- Adele
- Andrew Lloyd Webber
- The Beatles
- Bruno Mars
- The Carpenters
- Cole Porter
- Ed Sheeran
- Eva Cassidy
- Frank Sinatra
- Howard Shore
- Michael Bublé
- Robbie Williams
- Sam Smith
- Snow Patrol
- Take That
The repertoires for each of our harpists are listed on their profile pages.
Popular types of Harpist
1. Concert Harpists
Also known as the pedal harp, the concert harp is very large instrument (nearly 2 metres high and 1 metre deep), which is mainly used for classical music and in orchestras. Due to its 47 strings and pitch-changing pedals, the concert harp has a flexible range, with a full, often dramatic sound. This flexibility means our classical harpists can play a range of genres and songs to suit your event – from romantic classical and film scores, to jazz and contemporary popular music.
2. Celtic Harpists
Much smaller than its concert cousin, the Celtic or folk harp varies in size, from a 22-string lap harp to a 38-string floor harp. As its name suggests, it was primarily developed for traditional Celtic folk music, but harpists can play a wide range of music on the Celtic harp, covering artists such as Mendelssohn, The Beatles, and Adele. Its size makes it ideal for intimate venues.
3. Harpists – duos and trios and accompaniments
Several harpists offer the option to perform with one or two other musicians, or can sing, accompany a singer, or play as part of an ensemble, in accordance with your event requirements. You can choose from options including:
- harp and cello duos
(see Jennifer Brown, Nocturne);
- harp, dobro and percussion trio
(see Jennifer Brown);
- harp and flute
(see Harmony Duo, The Ellison Duo, The Southwestern Harpist);
- harp and saxophone
(see The Southwestern Harpist);
- harp and clarinet
(see Sonata Duo);
- harp and soprano singer
(see Berenice (Harpist)).
Where in the UK do Alive Harpists perform?
Many of our harpists are used to playing for both private and public audiences in palaces, castles, hotels, stadiums, opera houses, and cathedrals – anywhere the occasion calls for their musical talents! Providing entertainment for weddings, corporate events and private parties across the UK and internationally, our harpists most regularly perform in:
Most popular counties:
- Essex
- Hertfordshire
- Kent
- Hampshire
- Oxfordshire
- Staffordshire
- Surrey
- Gloucestershire
- Derbyshire
- Berkshire
- Warwickshire
- West Midlands
- West Sussex
- East Sussex
- Cheshire
- Buckinghamshire
- Shropshire
- Somerset
- Lancashire
- Cambridgeshire
- Nottinghamshire
- Wiltshire
- Ayrshire area
- Glamorgan
- Fife
- Devon
- Suffolk
- Worcestershire
- Suffolk
- Leicestershire
Most popular cities:
- Aberdeen
- Bath
- Birmingham
- Bradford
- Brighton
- Bristol
- Cambridge
- Canterbury
- Cardiff
- Chelmsford
- Chester
- Coventry
- Derby
- Durham
- Edinburgh
- Exeter
- Glasgow
- Gloucester
- Hereford
- Hull
- Leeds
- Leicester
- Liverpool
- London
- Manchester
- Newcastle upon Tyne
- Norwich
- Nottingham
- Oxford
- Peterborough
- Plymouth
- Portsmouth
- Salford
- Sheffield
- Southampton
- Stoke-On-Trent
- Sunderland
- Swansea
- Wakefield
- Westminster
- Wolverhampton
- Worcester
- York
Is a Harpist suitable for my event?
With striking instruments that are sure to be a talking point, harpists specialise in elegant, calming performances, building an ethereal ambience for your event. Often providing day-time background music, they are perfect for occasions such as:
- Weddings
- Corporate events
- Private parties
- Tea parties
- Bar Mitzvas and Bat Mitzvas
- Charity fundraiser events
- Black Tie events
- Gala Balls
- Festivals
- HM Armed Forces Events
For weddings, a harpist can perform during the arrival of your guests, the ceremony itself, including the bridal procession and the signing of the register, and for the drinks reception and during dinner.
Harpists can also provide the perfect background music for corporate drinks receptions, dinners, and cocktail parties.
Space considerations at your event
Performance space is central to planning the type of artist you hire for your event and, along with access considerations, is especially important when thinking about booking a harpist.
Your harpist will shine if they have plenty of room to perform comfortably, particularly given the size of the harp! A solo harpist playing a large concert harp will need an area of 2 metres wide by 2 metres deep. For approximate requirements, see 'How much space will a harpist need?', below.
If you'd like your harpist to perform outdoors, they will need an area that is completely protected from the elements. To avoid damage to the harp, most harpists are unable to perform on grass or gravel.
Volume considerations at you event
Different types of harp will create distinctive sounds, The large concert pedal harp gives a full, rich sound and looks very impressive, while the smaller Celtic lever harp, with less strings, has a smaller volume and range. Volume can vary from serene background music, where your guests can comfortably hold a conversation, to a fairly dramatic sound. This is dependant on the instrument being used, the atmosphere the musician is trying to create and the room acoustics.
A harpist can play at a volume range of 65dB – 85dB (decibels). At its loudest, this volume is equivalent to audience applause. As such, harpists are a safe option if your venue is fitted with a sound limiter or has noise restrictions.
Some harpists will play through an amplifier if a louder sound is required, or as mentioned can play with other instruments as part of an emsemble. The options available for each harpist are shown on their profile pages.
How much does a Harpist cost?
Harpists' fees are determined by their reputation, quality and experience, as well as their travel distance to your event. Alive Network has a strict vetting process, ensuring that harpists are classically trained, and are among the best harpists working in the UK.
Our harpists range from £200 up to £700 for a harp and clarinet duo.
In 2017, the average fee for a wedding harpist is approximately £300.
The table below shows a breakdown of the cost range for different harp acts:
|Type of Artist
|Cost Range
|Solo harpists
|£200 - £400
|Duo artists (such as harp with cello, clarinet, or flute)
|£350 - £700
The best way to reduce costs is to find a harpist who is based close to your chosen venue. The home town location of all Alive Network harpists is shown on the roster pages and also on each harpist's profile page. You can also ask your Entertainment Coordinator to recommend the best harpist local to your event.
Who are the top 10 Harpists in the UK right now?
Below are the artists that we believe are currently riding high as the top harpists in the UK right now, based on popularity, performance quality and innovation:
For a list of Alive's most booked harpists right now, see our 'Top 10 Harpists For Hire in 2017' article
How long will a Harpist play for?
Typically, a harpist's set will be 45- to 60-minutes, with a break of around 15 minutes between sets. Most harpists will play for a maximum of 3 sets.
Most of our harpists can offer flexible performances dependant on your event needs, and this can be discussed with your dedicated Entertainment Coordinator. For a wedding, for example, you may wish your harpist to be playing as guests arrive, for the ceremony, during the signing of the register, and then to perform again at the drinks reception before the wedding breakfast. For a corporate drinks reception, you may choose to have an hour of music or you may require a longer performance.
How much space will a Harpist need?
This guide shows approximately how much space a harpist will need, in accordance with their particular type of harp and their set-up:
|Instrument & Act
|Performance Space Required
|Solo Celtic harp
|1.5 metres × 1.5 metres
|Solo concert harp
|2 metres × 2 metres
|Duo artists (eg. harp with cello, clarinet, or flute)
|2 metres × 3 metres
Harpists with smaller harps will require less space. You're more likely to get the best from your harpist if they have lots of room to perform comfortably. TOP TIP: Let the venue know if you book a harpist, so they can leave enough space for them when setting up the ceremony or wedding breakfast room. There should also be plenty of space between the harpist and your guests to allow the sound to carry well.
Your dedicated Event Coordinator can discuss space needed for your chosen harpist.
How long will it take for a Harpist to set up?
A harpist will normally arrive at your venue about 30 minutes before they are due to play. This is enough time to set up the harp, tune and warm up.
If your harpist is using a concert pedal harp, they will need to unload their equipment as close to the performance area as possible. Pedal harps are moved on trolleys that can go up and down stairs, but they are very large instruments and can be awkward to transport, especially along narrow winding staircases! Help from venue staff may be needed to transport the harp to the performance area. If additional time might be needed to get the harp into your chosen position, just have a chat with your Entertainment Coordinator in advance.
Following the recital, a harpist can take around 20 minutes to pack away.
What equipment will a Harpist need?
Typically a harpist will require:
- a suitably-sized, safe, dry, flat performance area. If performing outside, they will need cover – either from the rain or from the heat of the sun! As it can cause damage to the instrument, a harpist will not usually put their harp directly on grass or gravel.
- of one 13 amp power socket, if they are using an amplifier
- a suitably-lit performance area
- an adjustable stool
- parking provision, preferably with easy access to the venue
- a secure, lockable changing room
- refreshments such as soft drinks and sometimes food, depending on how long you have booked them for.
Your harpist will bring their music, and some harpists will provide their own adjustable piano stool, and light for any sheet music.
For information on the following, see our Frequently Asked Questions:
- How do I make a booking?
- What payment methods do you accept?
- What if the artist cancels?
- Can I see the artist live before booking?
- Will the band learn a first dance request?
- What are the benefits of booking through Alive Network?
For a more comprehensive harpist booking guide please read 'Booking a harpist – Everything you'll ever need to know'.
If you have any other queries, simply visit our FAQ page.
Alternatively, our dedicated expert entertainment coordinators are on-hand to help. Simply call 0845 108 5500 or email firstname.lastname@example.com.
Your harpist questions, answered by our experts...
Browse local Harp Musicians in Lancashire
- Accrington
- Adlington
- Bacup
- Bamber Bridge
- Barnoldswick
- Barrowford
- Blackburn
- Blackpool
- Brierfield
- Burnley
- Carnforth
- Chorley
- Church
- Clayton-Le-Moors
- Cleveleys
- Clitheroe
- Colne
- Darwen
- Earby
- Fleetwood
- Freckleton
- Fulwood
- Great Harwood
- Haslingden
- Heysham
- Kirkham
- Lancaster
- Leyland
- Longridge
- Lytham St Anne's
- Morecambe
- Nelson
- Ormskirk
- Oswaldtwistle
- Padiham
- Poulton-Le-Fylde
- Preston
- Rawtenstall
- Rishton
- Skelmersdale
- Thornton
- Trawden
- Whitworth
Popular artist types in Lancashire


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Get all 7 Megan Hamilton releases available on Bandcamp and save 35%.
Includes unlimited streaming via the free Bandcamp app, plus high-quality downloads of Forty Warm Streams to Lead Your Wings, Megan Hamilton - 2004 Demos, Snow Moon, Tuesdays are the Loneliest Nights, how we think about light, Feudal Ladies Club, and See Your Midnight Breath in the Shipyard. , and , .
I Paid My Way in Pennies 05:53
Megan Hamilton Kingston, Ontario
Megan Hamilton finds joy in music. Hamilton has released five recordings and her fifth came out 9/2015 – Forty Warm Streams
to Lead Your Wings, a full-length piece produced by Jim Bryson (Kathleen Edwards, Oh Susanna).
Streams is Hamilton at her most honest, exploring themes in a more raw and jagged manner while alternately smoothing out the creases.
Coming September 25, 2015. ... more
Streaming and Download help


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What's So Great About…Leighton Meester?
Blondes may have more fun, but on Gossip Girl, it's this brunette who has all the fun. Leighton Meester, 22, is truly captivating as the manipulative Blair Waldorf. She's also a songbird with an upcoming album release.
Playing a vixen on a hit show means her scandals aren't just relegated to her character on TV. Leighton's unusual family background—being born while her mother was serving a sentence for drug smuggling, her brother's rape case when he was attending the Air Force Academy—has received the kind of high-profile coverage that never would have existed if not for her fame.
Being in the limelight sure has its downside. But Meester remains upbeat and focused for a person of her age and stature, telling Seventeen magazine:
"I've noticed some people get very enthralled with people bashing. Sometimes people can't help themselves. But I find a way back out and not talk about other people. Even when people are so judgmental about what you wear or your weight, you just have to step away and be like, 'I'm a normal, fine human being."
So focused, in fact, that she doesn't really have time for men, either. "I haven't ever really relied on relationships with guys. I've only ever really been with a couple of them. They come around and it's cool, but it's never been a big thing. I guess I've just been really distracted by work."
Though it was rumored that she was engaged to her long-term beau, Sebastian Stan, Meester has little time for romance. In her short life, she's starred in a bevy of heavy-hitting TV shows like Surface, Entourage, CSI: Miami, and 24, just to name a few.
Meester's been all over the place with her recent emergence as a Hollywood superstar. From gracing the covers of a multitude of magazines, to putting out her first album, it's hard to imagine how she gets any down time. And her star is just beginning to rise.


text:
Diane Strong lives in Kentucky with her husband and their two children. She received a liberal arts degree at Itasca Community College, a Bachelors of Science in Psychology and Equine Studies from Rocky Mountain College in Billings, Montana and a Master's degree in Veterinary Science from the University of Kentucky.
She writes a small column for the Georgetown News Graphic and homeschools her children. In her spare time she competes in road races, triathlons and adventure races. She is the founder of the Georgetown Run Club and Intellectual Society. She loves what she does.
Review by:
two weeks
on June 20, 2013 :
From the very start it grabs your attention, it's sexy,hot and so wrong. I loved this book!! You could feel the characters emotions and made the story real. With all of the authors stories I have read, they make you think of the story long after you have finished. Loved this Book!!!
(reviewed the day of purchase)


text:
On University web site online
If you don't use any bank online system, you can pay for your study and accommodation online on the university web site. Just make several easy steps.
1. Open the main page of the USTU official web site and find the section on the left side called Оплата за обучение и проживание в общежитии.
2. Now you need to choose the payment type - "Обучение" (Study) or "Общежитие" (Accommodation). If you pay for your study, fill in the blank spaces and press on "Оплатить" (Pay Now).
3. Then fill in the payment parameters and click on "Оплатить" (Pay Now).
4. If you have chosen to pay for your accommodation, then fill in the blank spaces shown below and press on "Оплатить" (Pay Now).


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Pop Stars Favorite Foods Series: Adele & Wiz Khalifa
The Culinary Center @ Whole Foods Market - Sacramento
Saturday, June 29, 2013 from 10:00 AM to 12:00 PM (PDT)
Who's Going
San Francisco, California
London, United Kingdom
Florence, Italy
Event Details
Kids Hands-on Class Ages 4 to 13
Yes it's back! Pop Stars eat food too, but what do they eat and what are their favorite foods? For this new series we will make the favorite foods of Hot Chelle Rae, One Direction, Jessie J, Gotye, Karmin, Christina Aguilera, Adele, Wiz Khalifa, Ellie Goulding, Justin Bieber, Chris Brown, Lana Del Rey, Skrillex, Carly Rae Jepsen. Can't wait to eat what they like!
The Culinary Dude, Scott Davis has worked to create wonderful menus that the kids will cook themselves. Using the freshest ingredients, fun and interactive cooking techniques, the kids will prepare the food from scratch as they learn kitchen and food safety, professional kitchen behavior, measuring and prep skills, and table etiquette. In addition to a wide variety of hands-on, tactile recipes, kids will participate in additional food-related activities.
June 29 Adele & Wiz Khalifa
We'll be combining both Adele's and Wiz Khalifa's favorite foods. Adele is a fan of Lasagna and Wraps, so we'll be making Vegetable Lasagna and Ham & Cheese Wraps and Wiz Khalifa enjoys French Fries and Chocolate Cookies.
When & Where
The Culinary Center
4315 Arden Way
Saturday, June 29, 2013 from 10:00 AM to 12:00 PM (PDT)
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Simplicity 5677; ©1964; Misses' Suit, Blouse and Detachable Collar: Sleeveless blouse has a jewel neckline, back button closing, matching bow and slit openings at lower edge of front darts. Lined jacket, with a V neckline, front button closing, below elbow length set-in sleeves, has flap detail. The slim skirt, with gathers in front, back darts and side zipper, is finished with a waistband.
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Gallery Edit
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Card fraud set to increase in 2009
: 26 February, 2009
(Technical Article)
Fortify is predicting a 33% increase in payment fraud crime during 2009 with as many as 1 in 3 people likely to be affected
Based on its observations in the e-crime marketplace - and reports in recent months from a wide number of third-party organisations - Fortify Software is predicting that one in three adults in the UK will be affected by card fraud in the coming year - last year the card fraud affected 1 in 4.
This prediction, says Richard Kirk, the software security assurance experts' VP of EMEA, is based on the fact that criminals are experiencing considerable hardship owing to the ongoing economic credit crunch and based on reports such as the CPP, which recently noted that card fraud had affected 25 per cent of the adult population." said Kirk.
'When you analyse the card fraud figures from 2007 - the latest available - from APACS you can see that UK counterfeit card fraud increased by 46 per cent to 144.3 million, despite domestic UK card cloning dropping by 32 per cent,' he added.
According to Kirk, what is driving UK card fraud ever upwards is fraudsters shipping card data abroad to areas such as North America, where only a signature is required at retail stores, and committing high volumes of fraud on UK cards there.
Further, Fortify's VP says that, whilst card fraud identikits - which typically include a card number, start/expiry dates, three digit CVVs plus other relevant data extracted from the magnetic strip of the payment card - were selling for around $15.00 each 18 months ago, that figure had fallen to around $2.00 by last October.
'And, as card identikits are shared between cybercriminals, this form of card data is increasingly being sold by the thousand, meaning that kit prices are dropping to just a dollar a pop, when sold in volume,' Kirk explained.
And he says, there is every suggestion that this trade will continue to increase, meaning that as many as one in three account holders could be affected by card fraud during 2009.
What is driving the cost of identikits? The economic recession.
'Just as the average person in the street is having to tighten their belt, so is the average card criminal. They are having to increase their sales volumes by reducing the cost of each card indentikit, and so compete with the growing number of people in possession of this data,' he explained.
And, he says, criminals are continuing to ramp up their business to sell files by the thousand, simply because they can obtain data so freely from staff in retail outlets and through other means.
Kirk went on to say that, when you factor in major card data breaches such as the Heartland Payment System fraud in January in which as many as 100 million card account details were heisted, you can begin to understand why the cost of each card indentikit is falling so rapidly.
According to Fortify, the card fraud market is reaching the stage where the Poundland retail philosophy of `everything for a pound' seen on the High Street now applies to the world of card fraud.
'We are reaching the stage where the card fraud market is becoming commoditised, and the card indentikit price being dictated by what is effectively a glut in the market,' he said.
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Google is providing a newer version of Android OS each year. This time also we are expecting a newer version of Android 6.0 by the end of this year.
Nexus 6 as the first device which was available with Android Lollipop version in October 2014. Now, this version of Android is ruling the world. When Android 5.0 "L" was not released in 2014, all experts started making assumptions regarding features and name of this Android version.


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K Tulsidas & Bros
Address: 115, Maker Bhavan Iii, 21,new Marine Lines, Marine Lines, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400020
Phone number: 022 - 22012364 , 22088400Post A Recommendation Bookmark this Business Claim this Business
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"Dipset (Santana's Town)" Feat. Cam'ron
To kick this grand affair off we decided to start with one of Juelz Santana's earliest hits from his debut album From Me To U. "Dipset (Santana's Town)" is the perfect starting point because it serves as a significant milestone in the early stages of Santana, Cam'ron and The Diplomats careers. At the particular time this track dropped, Cam'ron and Juelz Santana were the dynamic duo of the industry and had already offered dazzling showings of their chemistry and skill with Cam'ron's hit singles "Hey Ma" and "Oh Boy" and The Diplomats were really starting to trend worldwide. With this track, the two rappers cemented their status as the next superstars of the game and ushered in a new sound that The Diplomats would soon make wildly famous.
This track is also a great introduction to Juelz Santana's signature flow that is riddled with clever word and phrase flips that utilize repetition and alliteration to create ultra entertaining bars worth quoting when those heated debates about what rappers are real lyricists arise. Peep his opening flow to the track and check out the vintage visuals for the song complete with oversized throwback jerseys and Santana's signature bandana alongside Cam'ron dipped in pink accents.
Quotable Lyrics
Yo I be with a gang a gangs
Who hang and bang
Animals, orangutangs
Hammers move, bangers bang
Damnit dude the game has changed
I got a hoe selection
A whole collection
A whole selection
Of my hoe collection
- Juelz Santana


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Halloween & Half Term Family Fun in Shakespeare Country
Celebrate Halloween and the October half term from Saturday 26 October – Sunday 3 November with a host of spooky family events in Shakespeare Country. Carve pumpkins, enjoy Halloween trails, watch a Horrible Halloween show, take part in a lantern lit ghost tour, listen to scary stories and for the very brave, the chance to sleep overnight in a ruined historic castle. With so much on offer, Shakespeare Country offers all the ingredients for a fantastic spooky short break this October!
Follow clues at Shakespeare's Birthplace to find famous speeches in 'O treacherous villains'. On the 3 November at 3:30 pm see Shakespeare Aloud! actors perform a potted performance of Macbeth. There's something foul in the deep, dark woods at Anne Hathaway's Cottage & Gardens with the Macbeth Trail. Enjoy scary story-telling in the woods on the 31 October at 11.30am & 2.30pm. Head over to Mary Arden's Farm for Halloween-themed activities every day of the holidays. On the 1 November from 6pm - 8pm join the creepy farmland to meet the ghosts of times gone by with Friday Fright Night! Please telephone 01789 293 455 to book. Follow a spooky Shakespeare quote to find the Halloween bear at Nash's House & New Place or take an evening walk around Stratford-upon-Avon ending at Hall's Croft with wine and hot drinks on the 26 & 31 October at 6pm. Suitable for children aged 10 plus.
Tudor World in Stratford-upon-Avon has lots of tricks or treats for every age from the 19 October - 2 November. The museum will be dressed for this spooky time of year when the veil between this world and the next is said to be at its thinnest. Activities include a Halloween trail with a trick or treat prize and Horrible Halloween shows. Early in the evening Mr G Buster will make an appearance for the family ghost tours and then at 6pm the lights will be switched off for the lantern lit ghost tours. Late tours will take place on the 19, 26 and 31 October. Admission £5.50 adults, £2.50 children (7 and under are free with an adult), £4.50 concession and £12.50 for families up to 3 children.The quiz, prizes and shows are all included in the entry price. The family ghost tours are extra at £5 adults, £3 children and £13 for a family of 4 and £7.50 for the lantern lit tours.
Hatton World near Warwick will be hosting a pumpkin event from the 26 October - 3 November. Every child will receive a FREE pumpkin with daily carving competitions in their brilliant, but slightly spooky themed marquee! Plus there will be Hatton's Pumpkin Hunt with a prize badge and Hatton's Halloween Pumpkin House. For further information please phone 01926 843 411.
Enjoy a Halloween Trail at Stoneleigh Abbey from the 29 – 31 October and follow spooky clues to earn a sweet prize. On the 30 October at 7pm & 7:45pm, join the costumed guides for tales of the darker side of the Abbey's history encompassing murder and madness. Pre-booking is essential. Tickets cost £18 per person and can be booked by calling 01926 858 535. Not recommended for under-16s. During the winter on select Mondays, clear away the cobwebs with an afternoon winter history lecture. Local historians will give talks on different aspects of the history of the Abbey and the surrounding area. Talks take place at 2pm and include tea and cake.
As part of their Deer Festival, Charlecote Park will host a 'Family Deer Park Safari' on the 27, 28 & 29 October at 11am & 2pm. Enjoy a tractor pulled trailer ride through the park and learn all about the deer and sheep which live in the parkland. Pre-booking advised to avoid disappointment, call 01789 470277. Tickets £5 (adult) & £3 (child). From 26 October – 3 November join the Halloween Pumpkin trail and solve clues that are dotted around the grounds. Those that solve the spooky question can claim a prize! Cost is £2 per trail.
Take part in a 'Spooky Halloween Trail' at Kenilworth Castle & Elizabethan Garden from the 19 October - 3 November. Find the creepy clues hidden around the grounds and solve the challenge to win a terrible treat! On the 26, 27 and 31 October at 7pm & 8pm, join a Halloween Ghost Tour to hear tales of dark deeds, ghostly apparitions and scary happenings. (Over 16s only) £15 per person. Members £12 per person. Booking essential, call 0870 333 1183. Ghosts & Ghouls Challenge for Kids runs from the 28 October – 1 November. Children can scare themselves with creepy crafts, spooky activities and ghost hunting galore! On Thursday 31 October bring the family for a sleepover for those brave enough! Activities include a tour, evening meal, twilight walk and spooky stories in the Gatehouse plus a hearty breakfast. Suitable for families with children aged 8 + Adults £85, children £70, family £240. Members: Adults: £75, children £65, family £215. Camping beds provided but not bedding.
The Heritage Motor Centre is inviting families to enjoy a month of family fun activities themed around transport in miniature this October. Highlights include seeing miniature planes at the Large Model Aircraft show and miniature trains at The Great Electric Train show plus during half term week there will be LEGO Technics drop in activities, a Children's Digital Photography workshop, Halloween family crafts and miniature Steam Engine rides.
Listen to a talk on photography by James Kerr, an award winning photographer at Hill Close Gardens in Warwick on the 23 October at 6.30pm. James will explain how he has achieved quality photographs in the winter months and will illustrate his talk with examples of his work taken for Robert Colvile's book "Shakespeare's Scenery. Tickets cost £12 including a glass of wine and canapés. Phone 01926 493 339.
Find out all about birdlife, from owls to falcons, garden birds to ducks and swans at various libraries throughout the county during half term. Discover why some of them migrate for winter and what sort of birds you might find outside your window. Make a bird mobile to hang up at home and take away a mini bird feeder to feed the birds throughout the winter in your garden. £2.50 per child, £1 for under 5's. No need to book for Market Hall but library events must be booked in advance. Visit St Johns Museum in Warwick on Friday 1 November from 10.30am – 3.30pm and investigate some great inventions of the past. Be a great inventor and create some new machines of your own. Tickets £2.50 per child.
If you fancy something different for half term try Mr Karting's popular School Holiday Special Offer, a 3 x 10 minute session for just £20. All safety equipment is supplied, plus a full National Karting Association safety briefing and lap time print out at the end of every session. Minimum age 8 years and minimum height 52 inches.


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School Program Volunteering
Opportunities for bilingual students
Hé Ho!
Download the volunteer guide
Hé Ho! We are looking for grade 11 & 12 bilingual students from French and French Immersion Schools to volunteer for the Great-West Life School Program. Students who want to accumulate volunteer hours or practice their French outside the classroom are welcome.
Please refer to our new Great-West Life School Program Volunteer Guide, to get all the details on volunteering with us.
For more information, please call:
Looking for more information
Monique Olivier
Heritage and Education Programs Assistant
[email protected]


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Brown & Sharpe type Machines
A look at the technology that helped build Cox Mfg.
Brown & Sharpe screw machines had been a corner stone of American manufacturing for many decades with these machines known to be the best productivity solution for a many turned bar products. The Brown & Sharpes were built as single spindle automatics, designed to use form tools and special cams.
Today, some of these older machines have been retrofitted with CNC Milling servo motors to aid flexibility and eliminate the need for making a special set of cams to optimize a process. Retrofitted and cam operated machines are still found in use for niche applications.
Generally, the class work run on these machines tends to be low to moderate volume lot sizes of a few hundred to a few thousands of parts. With limited tool positions and availability of attachments they are generally not ideal for complex or overly precise work. For the most part, the continued appeal of the machines is the low investment and the familiarity of a workforce with the older technology.
Tooling the machine generally does require the designing special form tools for the job being produced, but with the low capitol investment and spare parts readily available, (though the machines are not longer produced) the Brown & Sharpe class screw machine can still be found in some US shops.
Though the US manufacturer, Brown & Sharpe, originated the design, European machine tools builders of Index, CVA, and BSA once produced very similar machines.
From 1950's and into the 1990's, Cox Manufacturing Company utilized the German counterparts to the Brown & Sharpe, Index-Werke. With the availability of a diversity of CNC models ideally suited for short run simple parts or high volume complex parts, Cox Manufacturing Company moved away form this technology to focus on more flexible, more accurate, and more cost effective total solutions.
To learn more about the newest CNC milling and precision machining options available at Cox to speed production, improve quality and reduce costs by choosing from the menu below.
- Automatic Bar Machining - Work piece capacities from 1/16" to 2"
- CNC Milling - Machining from bar stock using up to 4 1/2 axes of motion
- Custom Machining - Specialized components and tight turnarounds
- Multi Spindle Machining - Acme & Davenport with quick change tooling
- Precision Machining - Adherence to the tightest tolerances
- Screw Machine Products - Hign volume production with high precision
- Swiss Machining - Cox is a leading swiss cnc turning company with exceptionally precise and competitively priced parts


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Bad experienceWritten by f_s on 12/29/13 10:53:07 PM PST Go back to Sales reviews
Recommend this dealer? No Purchased a vehicle from this dealer? No
This is for their Internet sales department. Summary: Very bad buying experience; wasted time and walked away without buying I have secured a very good offer from another dealer and ready to go there. Goudy said that they were going to match it, after knowing the details of my offer terms (price of the new car, options, trade-in values). Since it is closer, we stopped by. Plus, the guy sounded genuine. What a mistake I had made! First, they dragged the process --- even we had done our homework, they insisted on we checked the car (and we had to tell them several times that we do not need to test drive). They also reported that the available color (from their online inventory) is not in stock as it was "just" sold. Second, they gave a ridiculous price on the trade-in --- they were even significantly lower than any online appraisal places. Then I was given a look "That is our used car sales manager -- I cannot do anything about it. " and handed over the keys. What a waste of time! I lost 2 hours of my life! I should not have believed in them! I walked away -- I decided not to negotiate with people that I can not trust or think they can cheat their ways out . Bottomline: I did not even get enough time to go back to my previous dealer and I have to take a day off from my work to do it. I will definitely not recommend this dealer to others. In this digital age, everyone is informed and educated. However, those guys still hang on the old techniques to try to get people into their ways..
Dealership Experience
I would like to personally apologize for the dissatisfaction you experienced with our internet sales department. Our customers� time is quite valuable to us and I am disappointed that we were not able to satisfy you in your car buying experience. I can assure you that the negative details you've mentioned do not reflect our typical business practices nor do they live up to our professional standards. We hope to gain the opportunity to sincerely make it up to you. Please feel free to reach out to me personally. Regards, Michael Deville- GSM 866.344.5191 email@example.com
- By goudyhondaca
- on 01/02/2014
- (dealer response)


text: To get from Ariccia to Palermo by train you can catch one of the 3 trains that everyday travel between these two cities. The first train to Palermo leaves from Ariccia at 06:29 and the last train departs at 20:43. If you choose a local train the trip lasts on average 12:53 hours. For your trip from Ariccia to Palermo by train you can choose to leave from one of Ariccia main stations: Albano Laziale On Wanderio you can compare all schedules, fares and railway companies to Palermo and book the best itinerary starting from Ariccia.