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I bought Teach like a Pirate and LOVE it!! If you haven't gotten on that bandwagon yet-- JUMP ON!
It's such an easy read--I was worried it would be content laden, or just like every other book on my shelf, but it is funny and engaging (one of his biggest points in the book to begin with!)...
I'm working (slowly) on some products for TPT. I'm new to this creative product thing.... I am learning! Slowly...
I'd love to make a few reading units before the end of summer! I'm working on some reading strategies resources and some vowel practice games (etc.) right now, but I have two vacations coming up--so it may be awhile before I get my act in gear.
Does anyone have any suggestions of where to look/what to read to learn how to make things look so pretty for TPT?? I'm technologically challenged... This is a new world to me! :)
I'm really excited because I'm (hopefully) going to get to be able to see my new classroom on Monday!! I'm so nervous about switching schools, but I'm really excited to see the space I'm working with because I think it will really help me start planning and organizing things in my head! It's such a big change.... going to a new school, new environment, new subject matter.... etc! I'm getting more and more nervous/excited just thinking about it! But boy will it be nice to finally clean out the front of my entryway with all the boxes and crates and stuff from my old classroom!
Yikes this mess is SO embarrassing!! I can't believe I'm showing you this!
Boy Blue and I have been working on a more plant-based, whole foods diet. We're not going super far overboard right away, but I like researching and learning about health benefits and thinking about what is right for me. I've been reading and doing research almost daily now...
I've cut out meat and most dairy now (that part is a slower process...) and I feel great! It's for mostly health and nutrition reasons, trying to just stay healthy, feed my body the right vitamins and minerals that it needs and craves... I was a vegetarian back in high school (ALL through high school...) but I'm excited to start this journey. It has been so fun trying new foods, and exploring new recipes together. For one, I know it's brought the two of us closer together, and it has been fun figuring out how to cook and eat new veggies and new whole grains....
I bought wheat berries and chia seeds today, and I'm planning some fun dinners this weekend--one is a sweet potato lasagna (with tofu, broccoli, and big thick tomato slices), and the other one is a wheat berry mushroom pilaf! Yumm, I'm getting hungry just thinking about it. Anyways--if you're interested at all in where this came from-- watch the documentary Forks over Knives. (Now I'm a documentary person-- I watch them for fun, but this one is NOT your standard documentary--it is engaging, entertaining, and very informational... It really makes you think! I couldn't stop watching it!)
I'm not a pushy food/diet person. I'm not a pushy person at all. In fact I'm not certain that *this* is the perfect diet for me, or that it will last, but I am feeling good, and I'm making better choices. I definitely get enough servings of fruits and vegetables and I know I won't be deficient in anything because of those choices. So far, I feel great! I even wake up hungry and ready for breakfast (which I NEVER used to do. I used to always skip breakfast because it made me feel so sick to eat in the morning). And surprisingly enough, I really don't miss meat or dairy yet. (ok maybe cheese a little bit... I'm from Wisconsin after all!) But I've considered myself lactose intolerant for 5 or 6 years now, so I've been limiting my dairy consumption for quite awhile anyways.
Anyways, that was a lot longer explanation than I anticipated... Sorry about that!
Lastly, it's my baby girl's first birthday tomorrow!! She is turning 1!! ahhh! I guess I can't call her my baby anymore can I?
Here she is! So proud in her Green Bay Packer collar and her pink bow!!
Please ignore the mess in the background!! :)
So I'm planning to make her and the other two rascals pupcakes!! (instead of cupcakes...) I'm really excited! I want to buy them little birthday hats too! :) :) I think my may dogs hate me...
Have a fabulous weekend! Summer is slipping away already and it technically just started! Ack!

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Withdrawing Life Support: Who Decides?
Vergara, Mary
Lynn-McHale, Debra J.
Bibliographic Citation
American Journal of Nursing. 1995 Nov; 95(11): 47-49.
Permanent LinkFind in a Library
Aged; Allowing to Die; Case Studies; Clinical Ethics; Clinical Ethics Committees; Consent; Decision Making; Dementia; Dissent; Ethics; Ethics Committees; Family Members; Injuries; Life; Nurses; Paralysis; Patient Care; Patient Care Team; Patients; Prognosis; Resuscitation; Resuscitation Orders; Ventilators; Withholding Treatment;
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Challenges in Conducting End-of-Life Research in Critical Care Wiegand, Debra Lynn-McHale; Norton, Sally A.; Baggs, Judith Gedney (2008-04)
The Patient Self-Determination Act and Advance Directives: Snapshots of Activities in a Tertiary Health Care Center Engel, John D.; Kane, Gregory; Jones, Deborah L.; Lynn-McHale, Debra; Swartz, Martha; Durbin, Paul; Klingen, Don (1997)This study describes the results of a retrospective review of patients' charts who had an advanced directive (AD) and who were hospitalized in a tertiary, acute care teaching hospital. The purpose of the review was ...


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When to start antiretroviral therapy: as soon as possible
The debate regarding 'When to Start' antiretroviral therapy has raged since the introduction of zidovudine in 1987. Based on the entry criteria for the original Burroughs Wellcome 002 study, the field has been anchored to CD4 cell counts as the prime metric to indicate treatment initiation for asymptomatic individuals infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus. The pendulum has swung back and forth based mostly on the relative efficacy, toxicity and convenience of available regimens.
In today's world, several factors have converged that compel us to initiate therapy as soon as possible: 1) The biology of viral replication (1 to 10 billion viruses per day) strongly suggests that we should be starting early. 2) Resultant inflammation from unchecked replication is associated with earlier onset of multiple co-morbid conditions. 3) The medications available today are more efficacious and less toxic than years past. 4) Clinical trials have demonstrated benefits for all but the highest CD4 strata (>500 cells/μl). 5) Some cohort studies have demonstrated the clear benefit of antiretroviral therapy at any CD4 count and no cohort studies have demonstrated that early therapy is more detrimental than late therapy at the population level. 6) In addition to the demonstrated and inferred benefits to the individual patient, we now have evidence of a Public Health benefit from earlier intervention: treatment is prevention.
From a practical, common sense perspective we are talking about life-long therapy. Whether we start at a CD4 count of 732 cells/μl or 493 cells/μl, the patient will be on therapy for over 40 to 50 years. There does not seem to be much benefit in waiting and there likely is significant long-term harm. Do not wait. Treat early.
The counter-argument to this debate topic can be freely accessed here:
In 1986 zidovudine (AZT) had a striking efficacy in decreasing mortality among patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection and advanced Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). Those patients had very low CD4 T cell counts, profound immunodeficiency and a very high risk of developing opportunistic infections (OIs), especially
Over subsequent years substantial progress was made in developing more potent antiretroviral agents and regimens. Novel inhibitors of the HIV protease, such as ritonavir and indinavir, were able to lower plasma viremia by 2.0 log10 copies/ml and certain non-nucleoside blockers of the reverse transcriptase, such as nevirapine, exhibited inhibitory effect of 1.0 to 1.5 log10 copies/ml
The debate regarding optimal time to initiate antiretroviral (ARV) therapy has continued since the early years of HAART
The biology
During AZT monotherapy, an 80% reduction in viral load (0.9 log10 copies/ml) was noted as soon as one week after initiation of therapy followed by a fast, nearly symmetric return to baseline levels within one week after treatment discontinuation
The association of inflammation and disease
The breakthroughs in understanding HIV pathogenesis fueled subsequent research beyond the boundaries of unchecked viral replication. Uninterrupted CD4 T cell activation and apoptosis are the hallmarks of both HIV disease progression as well as the basis of a persistent inflammatory state, which is associated with deleterious cardiovascular and metabolic consequences to the host
Schouten and colleagues have recently shown that the prevalence of non-AIDS comorbidities in HIV-infected adults aged 50 to 55 years was comparable to uninfected adults older than 65 years of age. This verified earlier onset of comorbid conditions occurred despite having 84% of the HIV-infected patients with undetectable viral loads and remained consistent even after controlling for factors such as age, gender and smoking
Better tolerated medications today
Newer medications and formulations have addressed many of the limitations of earlier regimens in terms of short and long-term antiretroviral toxicities. Therapies against HIV have become easier to administer, less toxic and more potent. Undoubtedly, concerns about tenofovir-associated kidney dysfunction, bone demineralization and potential increases in cardiovascular disease risk remain
Cohort data
Clinical research has continued to evolve, extracting evidence from contemporary clinical practice. Data from the North America-AIDS Cohort Collaboration on Research and Design (NA-ACCORD) clearly demonstrated that the adjusted mortality rates were statistically higher among the 6,935 patients who deferred therapy until their CD4 counts fell to <500 cells/μl than in the 2,200 patients who started therapy with CD4 counts >500 cells/μl (risk ratio: 1.94, 95% CI: 1.37 to 2.79). However, the absolute risk of death was low in both groups: 5.1% in the deferred therapy and 2.9% in the early therapy group
Due to these intrinsic limitations of cohort studies in analyzing rare outcomes, investigators have tried different methods and designs in evaluating the evidence behind early treatment. A recent clinical trial (Setpoint Study) randomly assigned patients, who were within six months of HIV seroconversion, to receive either immediate treatment for 36 weeks or deferred treatment (when CD4 counts were <350 cells/μl). More than 57% of the study participants had CD4 counts >500 cells/μl. The deferred treatment group had a statistically higher risk of meeting treatment initiation criteria (for example, CD4 <350 cells/μl) resulting in earlier discontinuation of the study. While this study was not a clinical endpoint study, these results illustrated that the time from diagnosis of early infection to the need for initiation of therapy was shorter than anticipated
Other data support earlier initiation of treatment. Chronically infected patients delaying therapy until CD4 T cells ≤350 cells/μl have suboptimal CD4 T cell count recovery. After six years of ARV therapy, those who delayed therapy reached a CD4 count plateau below 500 cells/μl, which was significantly lower than patients starting therapy earlier
The benefits of early treatment go beyond hard immunologic parameters and translate into a higher likelihood of overall treatment success. The implementation of universal treatment of all HIV-infected persons in a large, publicly-funded clinic in San Francisco in 2010 led to a six-fold increase in the probability of viral suppression. In 534 patients entering the clinic with CD4 counts >500 cells/μl, the one-year incidence of viral suppression increased from 14% to >52% after adopting the approach
As we start to adopt the "test and treat" approach, data from the Johns Hopkins HIV clinic have demonstrated that starting therapy earlier is a cost-effective strategy by the generally accepted benchmark in the US
Many of the observational cohort studies have supported the earlier initiation of HAART, resulting in a renewed confidence among many guideline committees to recommend initiation of therapy for those with higher CD4 counts in resource rich countries (see Figure
Figure 1
When to start HAART among asymptomatic HIV + patients according to guidelines: 1998 to 2012
When to start HAART among asymptomatic HIV + patients according to guidelines: 1998 to 2012. Criteria from the United States are derived from the IAS-USA Treatment Guidelines and the Department of Health and Human Services Guidelines for Antiretroviral Therapy for Adults and Adolescents; European guidelines are derived from the European AIDS Clinical Society (EACS) Guidelines; and the World Health Organization (WHO) Guidelines are from the WHO Antiretroviral Therapy Guidelines for Adults and Adolescents. Adapted with permission from Dr. Marco Vitoria, MD of the World Health Organization and the Massachusetts Medical Society/New England Journal of Medicine
Public health
In addition to potential gains in viral load suppression for the individual, in terms of improved outcomes and resistance mitigation, the reduction in viral load substantially reduces new HIV infections at the community level and, therefore, is extremely important from the standpoint of public health. The results of the HIV Prevention Trials Network (HPTN 052) proved this benefit unequivocally. This was a multi-continental trial that enrolled 1,763 HIV-serodiscordant couples comparing immediate treatment versus delayed therapy for the HIV-infected partner
Other observational studies and modeling analyses have provided similar conclusions as it relates to a decreased rate of HIV transmission in serodiscordant heterosexual couples following the introduction of ART
Clinical trial data
Despite the high-quality, cohort-derived evidence and the balance in favor of early treatment, some investigators remain skeptical and reluctant to adopt this strategy due to the lack of clinical trials of early versus delayed therapy for those with CD4 cell counts >500 cells/μl. The Strategic Timing of Anti-Retroviral Treatment (START) trial has been in enrollment phase and is expected to provide the first randomized trial evidence of whether immediate initiation of treatment in patients with CD4 cell counts greater than 500 cells/μl is superior to delaying initiation of HAART until the CD4 cell count falls below 350 cells/μl
Second, although clinical trials have the advantage of randomization, there still are inherent limitations in study eligibility criteria and study referral patterns that can limit the generalizability of the findings. In particular, the patients referred to this study will be only those deemed to have clinical equipoise regarding when to start treatment. Those who the clinicians either do not want to treat now (poor treatment candidates or those who are not willing to start treatment) or who they do want to treat now (patients who need immediate treatment and cannot wait for routine study procedures, including extra time for randomization) will not be referred to the study. This could represent up to three quarters of potentially eligible patients. So, in essence, some of the same 'channeling biases' present in clinical practice and, therefore, cohort studies, are at play among those individuals referred (or not referred) to a clinical trial. If the question was whether to ever treat HIV, a clinical trial seems like a great approach to answer the question. In the case of defining subtle differences within a narrow window of time, the results do not seem worth the efforts and/or the costs.
Common sense
The decision to start early treatment is an event that occurs in a relatively small window of time in the life span of a person with HIV infection. While some patients have stable CD4 counts over time (for example, "Elite Controllers"), the majority experience drops in CD4 counts of 40 to 80 cells/μl/year. As an example, over as few as two years, and on average five years, CD4 cell counts can drop from 500 cells/μl to 350 cells/μl. Five extra years of therapy out of a total of 40 to 50 years on treatment for those living a near-normal life span (for example, treatment from age 25 years to 75 years) represents relatively minor differences in long-term exposure to treatment. However, those five extra years of continued exposure to unchecked viral replication represent potential substantial harm as demonstrated by the known biology of the infection. Rather than the 'feared' unnecessary exposure to drugs for only a fraction of a person's lifetime, the likely harm comes from relentless replication of HIV, inflammation, destruction of lymphoid tissue, likely increased cardiovascular events, higher rates of certain malignancies and accelerated cognitive decline.
In conclusion, the balance of available data strongly supports starting treatment in nearly all individuals regardless of CD4 T cell counts. Early treatment recommendations are based on our understanding of HIV biology, HIV pathogenesis, the availability of better drugs, the evidence from cohort studies, and the public health implications of viral load suppression and decreased transmission. Exceptions might be among the very small population of individuals who are 'elite controllers,' defined as those who have undetectable virus in the absence of antiretroviral therapy. For everyone else, to wait on randomized clinical trial data could well be doing harm. The time spent waiting is time that the patients cannot get back and the long-term damage associated with waiting could well be irreversible.
Just prior to the quote referenced in the Background section above, Sir Austin Bradford Hill had stated:
Until proven otherwise, we should heed Sir Austin Bradford Hill's admonition and act upon the evidence we have in hand, which overwhelmingly tells us to treat early. What are we waiting for?
ART-CC: Antiretroviral Therapy-Cohort Collaborative; ARV: Antiretroviral; AZT: Zidovudine; CASCADE: Concerted Action on SeroConversion to AIDS and Death in Europe; CD4 count: A measure of the number of helper T cells per cubic millimeter of blood, used to analyze the prognosis of patients infected with HIV; CI: Confidence interval; EACS: European AIDS Clinical Society; ESRD: End-stage renal disease; HAART: Highly active antiretroviral therapy; HPTN: HIV Prevention Trials Network; HR: hazard ratio; MI: Myocardial infarction; NA-ACCORD: North America-AIDS Cohort Collaboration on Research and Design; OIs: Opportunistic infections; RR: Relative risk; START: Strategic Timing of Anti-Retroviral Treatment; VACS: Veterans Aging Cohort Study; WHO: World Health Organization.
Competing interests
RF has no competing interests. MSS is a consultant for BMS, Gilead, Merck, ViiV and Janssen. He has received research support from Abbvie, BMS, BI, Gilead, GSK, Merck, ViiV and Janssen.
Authors' information
Dr. Franco is an Associate in Infectious Diseases at UAB. Dr. Saag is Professor of Medicine and Director of the UAB Center for AIDS Research. This work was presented, in part, at the "HIV 11" meeting in Glasgow, Scotland, November 2012.
This work was supported by the UAB CFAR (P30-AI027767), CNICS (R24 AI067039) and the Mary Fisher CARE Fund at UAB.
This article is part of the cross journal collection HIV 30 years on. Other articles in this series can be found at
The environment and disease: association or causation
The efficacy of azidothymidine (AZT) in the treatment of patients with AIDS and AIDS-related complex. A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
The duration of zidovudine benefit in persons with asymptomatic HIV infection: prolonged evaluation of protocol 019 of the AIDS Clinical Trials Group
MRC/ANRS randomized double-blind controlled trial of immediate and deferred zidovudine in symptom-free HIV infection
A comparison of immediate with deferred zidovudine therapy for asymptomatic HIV-infected adults with CD4 cell counts of 500 or more per cubic millimeter
Clinical evaluation of branched DNA signal amplification for quantifying HIV type 1 in human plasma
A randomized double-blind multicenter comparative trial of lamivudine (3TC) monotherapy vs. zidovudine (ZDV) monotherapy vs. 3TC ZDV combination in naïve patients with CD4 cell counts of 200-500/mm3
Viral dynamics in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection
Rapid turnover of plasma virions and CD4 lymphocytes in HIV-1 infection
Time to hit HIV, early and hard
HIV viral load response to antiretroviral therapy according to the baseline CD4 cell count and viral load
When to start highly active antiretroviral therapy in chronically HIVinfected patients: evidence from the ICONA study
Rates of disease progression by baseline CD4 cell count and viral load after initiating triple-drug therapy
Guidelines for the Use of Antiretroviral Agents in HIV-1–Infected Adults and Adolescents
A controlled trial of early versus late treatment with zidovudine in symptomatic human immunodeficiency virus infection. Results of the veterans' affairs cooperative study
Treatment for adult HIV infection: 2004 recommendations of the International AIDS Society - USA Panel
Antiretroviral treatment of adult HIV Infection: 2012 recommendations of the international antiviral society–USA panel
When to start antiretroviral therapy: the need for an evidence base during early HIV infection
Assessment of antiretroviral therapy by plasma viral load testing: standard and ICD HIV-1 p24 antigen and viral RNA (QC-PCR) assays compared
Viral dynamics in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection
HIV and multidrug resistance
HIV infection, inflammation, immunosenescence, and aging
T cell activation is associated with lower CD4+ T cell gains in human immunodeficiency virus–infected patients with sustained viral suppression during antiretroviral therapy
ART initiation during acute/early HIV infection compared to later ART initiation is associated with improved immunologic and virologic parameters during suppressive ART
Higher levels of CRP, D-dimer, IL-6, and hyaluronic acid before initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) are associated with increased risk of AIDS or death
Inflammation and mortality in HIV-infected adults: analysis of the FRAM study cohort
Gut epithelial barrier dysfunction, inflammation, and coagulation predict higher mortality during treated HIV/AIDS
Impact of CD8+ T-cell activation on CD4+ T-cell recovery and mortality in HIV-infected Ugandans initiating antiretroviral therapy
Does an index composed of clinical data reflect effects of inflammation, coagulation, and monocyte activation on mortality among those aging with HIV?
Inflammation bares a dark side
Tenofovir-associated kidney toxicity in HIV-infected patients: a review of the evidence
Bone disease and HIV infection
HIV therapy, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular risk
Class of antiretroviral drugs and the risk of myocardial infarction
Comparison of once-daily atazanavir with efavirenz, each in combination with fixed dosed zidovudine and lamivudine, as initial therapy for HIV infection
SOLO: 48-week efficacy and safety comparison of once daily fosamprenavir/ritonavir versus twice daily nelfinavir in naive HIV-1-infected patients
Efficacy and safety of tenofovir DF vs. stavudine in combination therapy in antiretroviral-naive patients: a 3-year randomized trial
Antiretroviral prescribing patterns in treatment-naive patients in the united states
Effect of early versus deferred antiretroviral therapy for HIV on survival
Timing of initiation of antiretroviral therapy in AIDS-free HIV-1-infected patients: a collaborative analysis of 18 HIV cohort studies
Timing of HAART initiation and clinical outcomes in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 seroconverters
The setpoint study (ACTG A5217): effect of immediate versus deferred antiretroviral therapy on virologic set point in recently HIV-1-infected individuals
CD4 cell count 6 years after commencement of highly active antiretroviral therapy in persons with sustained virologic suppression
The effect of a "universal antiretroviral therapy" recommendation on HIV RNA levels among HIV-infected patients entering care with a CD4 count greater than 500/muL in a public health setting
Initiation of HAART at higher CD4 cell counts is associated with a lower frequency of antiretroviral drug resistance mutations at virologic failure
HIV antiretroviral treatment: early versus later
When to start ART in Africa–an urgent research priority
Prevention of HIV-1 infection with early antiretroviral therapy
Universal voluntary HIV testing with immediate antiretroviral therapy as a strategy for elimination of HIV transmission: a mathematical model
Changes in sexual behavior and risk of HIV transmission after antiretroviral therapy and prevention interventions in rural Uganda
Effectiveness of highly active antiretroviral therapy in reducing heterosexual transmission of HIV
Relation between HIV viral load and infectiousness: a model-based analysis
Estimating sexual transmission of HIV from persons aware and unaware that they are infected with the virus in the USA
Strategic timing of anti-retroviral treatment (start trial)
Pre-publication history
The pre-publication history for this paper can be accessed here:


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Embedded Packet Capture
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I want to capture specific data traffic flowing --through-- my switch (6509E, Sup720-10G) and found the IOS Embedded Packet Capture utility.
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Canon awarded for helping the blindJuly 2005 – Lake Success (NY): Canon has won the annual Louis Braille Corporate Award for the accessibility of its technology for the blind and visually impaired.
The company will be honoured by the Associated Services for the Blind & Visually Impaired at a ceremony at the Hyatt Regency Philadelphia on 9 November.
Reference Link :


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Welcome to the Nelson Mandela Digital Archive Project. Our aim is to locate, document, digitise, and provide access to all archival materials related to Nelson Mandela. This is a work in progress. Here is a selection of materials arranged in exhibits for your enjoyment.
Nelson Mandela Centre of Memory
Title: Long Walk Original Manuscript (Image #234)
Transcript: life. The ANC played no small part in helping to organise the conference. Both gatherings were representative but it shows how strong was the interest of the African people in the whole issue that the Conference was sponsored by churchmen who normally are cautious on matters of this nature.
A striking feature of the Commission is that although it was set up to investigate the socio economic development of the African people, not a single African sat on it. Not only was it all white in actual fact it was a Commission of Afrikaners. Of its 10 members only one had an English name and he came from the Department of Native Affairs. The exclusion of Africans was not due to lack of suitably qualified African economists, socioligists and other academically qualified men. By then we already had a handful of competend men who could serve on any such Commission. But the government was influenced in its choice not by the objective economic and social considerations but by its own political motives and schemes based on the sectarian interests of the Afrikaners in the country. The Nationalist government had already decided unilaterally to introduce the policy of separate development for the black and white races and now they wanted their own specialists to examine the practical problems relating to its implementation. Any assessment of the Tomlinson Commission Report must be made against the background of this fact which touches the nerve centre of any oppresive system. As a scheme devised by the rulers for the African people ints rationale was the grandiose plan of creating an African middle class in the hope that such a stratum would blunt the edge of the liberation struggle headed by the ANC. As such it was nonovel idea. In the history of colonialism, especially in the period when colonialism was forced into the defensive, such attempts have not been uncommon. Similarly motivated attempts
Reference code: 234
Extent and Medium: 1 page


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Red Velvet Cake With Cream Cheese Icing
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READY IN: 11hrs
Recipe by kddteam
This is a recipe I found on Yahoo! foods. I haven't made it but it sounds really good.
See Discussion:
Ingredients Nutrition
- 2 cups skim milk
- 1 cup heavy cream
- 1 lb cream cheese, cut into cubes, at room temperature
- 6 ounces white chocolate, coarsely chopped
- 12 large egg yolks
- 1 cup sugar
- 1 pinch salt
- 2 1⁄2 cups all-purpose flour
- 1 1⁄2 cups sugar
- 1 tablespoon cocoa powder
- 1 teaspoon baking soda
- 1 teaspoon salt
- 1 1⁄2 cups vegetable oil
- 1 cup buttermilk
- 2 large eggs
- 2 tablespoons red food coloring
- 1 teaspoon distilled white vinegar
- 1 teaspoon pure vanilla extract
- confectioners' sugar, for serving
- 1 cup sugar
- 1⁄4 cup water
- 1 cup pecan halves, toasted
Directions See How It's Made
- MAKE THE ICE CREAM: In a medium saucepan, warm the milk and cream. In a large bowl, combine the cream cheese and white chocolate. In a medium bowl, whisk the egg yolks with the sugar and salt until thick and pale. Gradually whisk the hot milk and cream into the yolks. Pour the mixture into the saucepan and cook over moderately low heat, stirring constantly, until it coats the back of a wooden spoon, 6 minutes; do not let it boil. Strain through a fine sieve over the cheese and chocolate. Let stand for 1 minute, then stir until smooth. Refrigerate until chilled, 4 hours.
- Pour the custard into an ice cream maker and churn. Transfer the ice cream to an airtight container and freeze until firm, about 4 hours.
- MEANWHILE, MAKE THE CAKE: Preheat the oven to 350°F Butter and flour a 12-inch round cake pan. In a large bowl, whisk the flour with the sugar, cocoa powder, baking soda and salt. In a medium bowl, whisk the oil with the buttermilk, eggs, food coloring, vinegar and vanilla. Whisk the liquid ingredients into the flour mixture. Pour the batter into the prepared pan and bake for 40 minutes. Transfer the cake to a rack and let it cool completely in the pan, 2 hours.
- MAKE THE PECAN PRALINE: Line a baking sheet with parchment paper. In a heavy, medium saucepan, combine the sugar and water. Cook over moderate heat without stirring until a deep amber caramel forms, about 15 minutes. Remove the pan from the heat and stir in the pecans. Pour the praline onto the parchment-lined baking sheet and spread in an even layer. Let cool until hardened, then chop medium-fine and transfer to a bowl.
- Line the baking sheet with another sheet of parchment paper. Scoop 12 balls of the cream-cheese ice cream and set them on the baking sheet. Freeze the balls.
- Slice the cake into 12 wedges and dust with confectioners' sugar. Transfer to plates. Roll the ice cream balls in the pecan praline. Serve with the cake.


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Folks, we're nearing the end of the nineties, and what have we learned? First, I've learned that this is a truly enjoyable series of posts to write. I'm almost certain to move on to the eighties. Second, it can be a total grind. I'm almost certain to take a break before moving on.
I was asked on Formspring the other day which year I thought represented the decade's strongest showing. This is that year. Seriously, go look at the absolute monster list below. It's almost silly. We're talking about a breathtaking array of genre-benders and risk-taking films that sent shock waves into and throughout the next decade. Amazingly (or perhaps not so much), this was also a year that the Academy got it almost entirely wrong.
Spoilers: This is too long and you didn't read it. Those of you who sold your attention spans for the latest Angry Birds upgrade pack should probably just pull the ripcord now; your parachute will carry you down with cottony softness to the Daily Doses of Crazy and Awesome.
Huh? You're still here?
Let's do it.
|Yes, you can ask your contractor to install a similar ceiling,
but the insulation is crap, it's going to just KILL your heating bill.
All About My Mother – The first Pedro Almodovar movie to receive serious Oscar notice. Not my favorite of his, but all the touchstones are here; the strong women, the bright palate, the artifice of performance bleeding into "real" life. It's worth seeking out.
American Beauty – Otherwise known as Your Best Picture of 1999, Beauty hasn't aged all that well. It's still got bits that pop, the cinematography is absolutely gorgeous, and I think Kevin Spacey in particular is very good in it, but it comes off now as overly mannered in some spots, and outright contrived or pretentious in others. In another year, I think it would remain a contender, but I think it would be hard-pressed to even get a nomination in retrospect, particularly given director Sam Mendes' spotty track record (Road to Perdition, Revolutionary Road, and other movies without the word 'Road' in them).
American Pie – Brought back the teen raunch comedy and launched a billion direct-to-DVD sequels. Also, Shannon Elizabeth. Just sayin'.
Any Given Sunday – Never saw this, but it got Jamie Foxx started down the 'serious actor' road, and allegedly has a lively Al Pacino performance. Warrants a brief mention.
Being John Malkovich – OK, so we're all now aware that this is an all-time classic, right? Charlie Kaufman and Spike Jones showed up with this aggressively bizarre gem about people scheming for recognition, scrambling around in a culture that values fame so desperately that they'll pay top dollar to spend a little bit of time as a kind of famous person. I think this movie pretty much freaked everybody out, and though there were a couple nominations given, it pretty much was ignored, written off as a cult hit with a small but rabid fan base. Nope; this one pushed the envelope of how stories could be told, and spoke into our culture of 'look at me!' with far greater insight than The Truman Show managed to do. Also, it's safe to say I will never fully recover from the "Malkovitch enters Malkovitch" scene.
The Blair Witch Project – This was a sensation at the time, remember? I thought it was OK, but much better at creating atmosphere than sustaining it. Nevertheless, I think it was the first major hit to employ the 'handheld' look, and it redefined film marketing by producing hoax documentaries about the film, which went an early form of viral. In fact, the first time many of us heard the term "viral" in reference to web popularity may well have been in the context of this movie.
Boys Don't Cry – One of those classic "excellent movies that I never want to watch again." Hilary Swank gives the performance of her career as Brandon Teena.
Dogma – This is notable to me because it is the movie where Kevin Smith and I parted ways. Not because of the religious satire stuff, which I thought was interesting-to-brilliant, but because he felt the need to bring in Jay and Silent Bob, who fit in to the movie about as well as a fart demon in church. And then they fought a fart demon. Smith is a very funny guy, and I'll listen to him talk whenever and wherever and about whatever he wants to talk. But when he self-deprecatingly calls himself a lazy film-maker, it is proof that 'self-deprecating' doesn't equal 'wrong.' I'm a fan of Kevin Smith who is not a fan of Kevin Smith movies, is I guess what I'm saying.
Election – Guys, Reese Witherspoon is el magnifico. I mean pure genius. If not for an entry a little further down the list, this would be the recipient of my 'sadly buried classic' prize for this year.
Eyes Wide Shut – I rented and watched Stanley Kubrick's final movie ten years ago. I thought it was absolute drivel, but on the other hand, I also thought Nicole Kidman was naked in it. Now critics who hated it are coming back around. It occurs to me that this sort of critical time-lapse is pretty common with Kubrick. It also occurs to me that I probably rented a lousy pan-and-scan on VHS. Might be time to revisit Nicole, um, I mean this movie.
Fight Club – Was this movie any good? I don't know, I never saw it but I think it's probably been forgotten.
HA! Caught you, didn't I? You probably were already crafting your angry comments.
Galaxy Quest – Just a fun B-movie all the way. If it were on TV right now, I'd watch it, and so would you.
Ghost Dog: The Way of the Samurai – All I really want to say about Ghost Dog is this: I think of this meditative and immensely oddball gangster movie as the ultimate halfway litmus test. If you didn't like it, it doesn't mean too much to me in terms of your taste, by which I mean I understand why it might not be your cup of tea, and I don't really judge you because of it. On the other hand, if you loved it, you are definitely my kind of people. If you loved The Godfather? Well, congratulations. Who didn't? But if you loved Ghost Dog? I need to buy you a beer and talk with you for a while. You're part of my tribe.
The Insider – Almost left this off the list. I think it's still sort of remembered for the Russell Crowe performance. It's a good movie, but I think it's going to be/has already been forgotten.
The Iron Giant – Dudes. Dudettes. Trust me. If you haven't seen this movie, you're missing out on one of the finest and most sadly unknown
children's films ever. Before he made The Incredibles or Ratatouille, animation legend Brad Bird made this. If you don't love it, I'll kill ya. This would be a credible Best Picture choice in most years, kids' movie or no kids' movie. It's pretty much perfect.
Magnolia There comes a point, after the frogs have started raining down on Los Angeles, when Current Quiz Kid Stanley Spector looks around and says with awe, "This happens. This is something that happens." That's how I felt too, as I realized that PT Anderson had decided that no limits were necessary in his narratives. I was already pretty well invested in the movie, a well-acted, beautifully written, stunningly directed piece, but I couldn't shake that it was essentially nothing more than a well-made entry in the 'we-are-all-connected-in-this-big-city' cannon that Robert Altman (among others) had already done pretty well. But then Anderson hocked up a frog rain, and dared us to follow him right down the rabbit hole. Did you? I did. This is my favorite movie of this very strong year.
The Matrix – You see what I mean about 1999? You see what I mean? The original lost a little of its shine because of two ghastly sequels, but whatever you might think of those movies, it's difficult to say that The Matrix didn't drop a megaton paradigm bomb all over action cinema and helped usher in the design aesthetic (sleek, black, lots of white space – this movie basically invented a decade of Apple products) we're still living with. It's also a top-shelf sci-fi action film, and provides us with what is sure to be the defining 'whoa' of Keanu Reeves' career.
Office Space – This movie was a total bomb. I'll repeat that. This movie – this movie – was a total bomb. My, what a difference a few hundred cases of the Mondays makes, am I right? I think it's safe now to call Office Space one of the defining comedies of the decade. This is the way we can find the Russian agents still hiding among us: Find out if they've seen this movie. If not, you've got a sleeper agent for sure. It's a sort of polite howl against the dehumanizing effect of cubical life, it's the movie that gave us all the chance to vicariously beat the living shit out of a faulty printer, and most importantly, it's the movie that reclaimed the name 'Michael Bolton' from infamy. In many years, this movie would be a likely dark horse Best Picture nominee, even though it's in the comedy ghetto that is seldom Academy-honored. Damn, it feels good to be a gangsta.
The Sixth Sense – Remember when M. Night Shyamalan was considered the heir to Spielberg and Hitchcock? Yeah. So, anyway…I watched this again, and it isn't terrible. In fact, there are creepy little parts of it that are effective and bordering on great. Bruce Willis, Haley Joel Osment, and Toni Collette all give interesting, if highly stylized, performances, and Shyamalan -as-director's strength have not yet been subsumed by Shyamalan -as-writer-of-terrible-and-obvious-dialogue. Also, it kept Donnie Wahlberg off the streets for a few days. That said, it doesn't hold up as anything resembling 'great'. It's difficult to know how much of my reaction is biased by the midden heap that M. Night has been slowly pooting out for the last 10 years, but it's pretty clear that this is simply the cleverest of his empty little Twilight Zone episodes. (I'd say one of his later movies is less clever but still more successful cinematically. Now I'm quibbling. How do I get out of this parenthetical?)
South Park: Bigger, Longer, and Uncut – I'd have to say this is one of the very funniest movies that have ever been made. What's so extraordinary about SPBLU is not just that it expands the South Park universe to a scope epic enough for the big screen, but that is it easily one of the most enjoyable screen musicals in decades. They don't just make fun of the music they are satirizing, either; Parker and Stone went and made honest-to-God great songs. They are geniuses, and it's little wonder that this year they have become the toast of Broadway.
Star Wars Episode 1: The Phantom Menace – Yep. So. This happened. Hmm. Kind of awkward. Shall we just sort of politely move along?
The Talented Mr. Ripley – A fantastic thriller that kind of gets lost it in the 1999 mix. It brought Jude Law front and center in the national consciousness, but what is often missed is that Matt Damon delivered what is probably the best performance of his career. How he missed the nomination is beyond me, but who cares? Go back and watch him now.
Three Kings – An odd little sleeper in 1999 (part Kelly's Heroes, part Platoon), it's now often mentioned among the best war films ever. It doesn't hurt that director David O. Russell has become an official Auteur To Watch in the decade following this Gulf War drama, or that stars Mark Wahlberg and George Clooney have themselves gained significant critical cachet.
Toy Story 2 – The sequel is every bit as good as the groundbreaking (and Retroactive Oscar Best Picture winning) original. There are those that would say it's even better, setting up and deepening the themes that would, by part three, blossom into a full-on existential meditation about the inevitability of death. To be fair, it's also about toys doing funny things. I don't want to get too far down Pretention Parkway with this. Whatever, all hail Pixar.
Varsity Blues – I think this is sort of remembered, but I just want to point out that this is the movie that actually gave the hero my last name (and the nickname derivative that is the natural offshoot of said name), and then cast James VanderBeek (Dawson himself) as that hero. This is like finding out you won $500 in a contest and then finding out that it is a Dom Deluise look-alike contest.
And The Time-Delayed Oscars Go To. . .
Real List: American Beauty, The Cider House Rules, The Green Mile, The Insider, The Sixth Sense
Today's List: Being John Malkovitch, Fight Club, Magnolia, The Matrix, Three Kings
My pick: Magnolia
Look at those two lists. I don't think that there is any more damning evidence of the Academy's increased irrelevance than that. I mean, of the movies actually nominated in 1999, only eventual winner American Beauty is even credible. Meanwhile, the bottom list is almost comically stacked. It's the 1992 Dream Team of Best Picture nominees, and consider the following: (1) in 1999, none of them even made the team, which would be like leaving off Magic, Michael, Larry, and Isaiah* in favor of John Starks, AC Green, Christian Laettner*, and a then-4 year old Darko Milicec; (2) I even left off Office Space, Toy Story 2, South Park, The Iron Giant, Ghost Dog, Election, Eyes Wide Shut, The Talented Mr. Ripley, and Boys Don't Cry, any of which would have been perfectly credible entries (and all of which I at one point or another nearly included in place of Three Kings), and none of THEM made the list of nominees either.
The Cider House Rules?
The Green Mile?
The Insider?
The Sixth Sense?
Are you kidding me? These are forgettable-ish at best (The Sixth Sense, The Insider), and downright terrible in some cases (The Green Mile, The Cider House Rules).
The Academy was sitting at a veritable Brazilian steak house of cinematic destiny, and they filled up at the salad bar. LOLDonkOscarments, as the man says.
*Yes, I know. I am still bitter.
Anyway, it's nearly impossible for me to decide which of these movies is the winner. I'm tempted to go with my personal favorite, Magnolia, but I know that it annoyed many even as it inspired many. It's a prickly pear, and probably still too prickly for a solid win. Being John Malkovitch undoubtedly belongs at the table…but is it still too damn weird to get to carve the turkey? I sort of think 'yes'. Three Kings has the war movie thing going for it, which the Academy loves, but there's precious little flag-waving in it, which the Academy loves…less.
I think it's down to Fight Club and The Matrix. I'll admit that I'm not the biggest fan of The Matrix. I think it has a number of story problems (which blossom to full flower in the sequels), and morally speaking it is about ten times too nihilistic for me. (Look, I realize that the Matrix by its very nature makes all people connected into it potential enemies, but they are still PEOPLE, you know? Having our heroes looking all cool and awesome and just mowing down a bunch of cops without any reflection on either their part or the part of the film is troubling to me, and I suspect it always will be.) However, it is without doubt a touchstone movie and a defining moment in modern popular culture. James Cameron aside, I think its safe to say that Big Spectacle Hollywood is still trying – and failing – to catch it.
|"It's a can of whup-ass. Let's open it."
You see it, right? The Academy got the zeitgeist right. It just chose the wrong damn picture.
Oh. Unlike Lester Burnham, the unnamed hero of Fight Club becomes a friggin' terrorist with split personality disorder who by movies end stands hand-in-hand with his damaged girlfriend, listens to the Pixies, and watches the world financial system (built on nonsense – that is to say, credit) and the skyscrapers fall . . .
(Spoilers! Also: Chills!)
Um. Dudes. This movie came out in 1999. No way it gets made today with that ending. But did it have its finger on the pulse?
Answer? Yes.
I am Jack's Best Picture Oscar.
Best Actor
Kevin Spacey carries American Beauty. Bruce Willis grounds The Sixth Sense. Matt Damon is revelatory in The Talented Mr.Ripley. Keanu Reeves is, um, in The Matrix. That said, you really have to give this to Bradley Pitt, the live wire that makes Fight Club jump. Imagine another actor as Tyler Durden, please. You see? That's one sad tamale, isn't it? I recall a time when I thought that Pitt was just another pretty face with not much going on. A Keanu, in other words. After a while, it became clear that he had the Robert Redford charisma gear, and was a genuine movie star who could actually act when needed. I am pretty sure that 12 Monkeys was the moment it became entirely clear that Pitt was an excellent actor, period, and Fight Club was the moment when that promise came to full flower. Brad Pitt is going to be in dozens more movies, I'd imagine, but Durden is rightfully his career definer. Oscar time, please.
Best Actress
You'd be hard-pressed to take this away from Hilary Swank, an actress that I normally can barely tolerate, but who nevertheless gave a performance in Boys Don't Cry that was so raw and vulnerable and believable and utterly heart-rending that experiencing it almost feels like it should leave scars. On the opposite side of the spectrum, though, we have Reese Witherspoon, who is comedic perfection in Election. (I didn't know that was going to rhyme like that when I wrote it, so I'm leaving it. Screw.) I don't think she'd manage to win it retroactively in this fantabulously stacked year, and frankly I'm not sure she even deserves to, but since in almost any other year she'd be the obvious pick, I wanted to mention her here.
What was the Best Picture of 1999? Vote!


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Pattie and Andy Goldner announce the birth of their granddaughter, Jordan Elizabeth Goldner, on April 14.
Jordan is the daughter of Lori (nee Simmons) and Michael Goldner of Glen Mills.
Sharing in their happiness are maternal grandparents Loretta and Lewis Simmons.
Jordan is named in loving memory of her paternal great-grandfather Joseph David Plotnick.


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By Sean Leahy, USA TODAY
The long, hot days of training camp will be more arduous this summer for NFL teams. Reduced roster sizes could stretch the talent pool, put veterans in the unfamiliar position of doing grunt work and cut short the amount of time teams spend in camp.
With the demise of NFL Europe, there are no longer roster exemptions for players who participated in the now-defunct developmental league. The limit for rosters is set at 80 — teams typically carried half a dozen or more additional players in previous years — which deprives clubs of bodies coaches say were important to the flow of camp.
"It doesn't sound like a big number," said Carolina Panthers coach John Fox, who begins drills with six fewer players this year. "But it is when you are practicing at camp twice a day."
Because some injuries carry over from the previous season and fresh ones are suffered in camp, coaches and executives across the league are concerned with how to minimize their impact on the 80-man limit.
For example, the Washington Redskins Defense saw its load get heavier this week when it lost ends Phillip Daniels and Alex Buzbee on Sunday. Good thing Jason Taylor has arrived.
Until Daniels and Buzbee, who suffered season-ending injuries, were placed on injured reserve Tuesday, the team could not replace them on the 80-man roster. But placing someone on IR means the player cannot return this season and is not an option for those who are merely banged up.
"You can't say we have three hurt guys so we need three extra guys to replace them until they are 100%," said St. Louis Rams coach Scott Linehan, whose starting left tackle, Orlando Pace, is already on the physically unable to perform list but counts as one of his 80 players. "You have carry them to camp or they are not a part of the team."
At positions where teams have adjusted to carrying fewer bodies, injuries could force some players to bear more of the burden. Teams short on linemen must tax their big bodies in sometimes sweltering heat. Carrying fewer skill players puts added stress on players doing extensive running and cutting.
"The guys that are left work themselves into the ground," said Charley Casserly, a former NFL general manager and now an analyst for CBS Sports and NFL Network.
Starting quarterbacks will have to take more repetitions than normal. With only four quarterbacks in camp after releasing Sam Hollenbach this month, the Redskins will rely on Jason Campbell to be more active.
There might be less competition at some spots, especially kicker and punter, to provide bodies at positions that experience more contact. "Let's say you have a position like wide receiver," Casserly said. "You bring 10 guys in and two go down. To run practice, now I have to cut short at another position."
The New York Giants' Tom Coughlin is one of several coaches who has reduced the length of training camp this year and said he's carefully managing the practice schedule so his healthy players don't get overworked.
And for NFL hopefuls seeking recognition at the fringes, there are fewer opportunities to earn camp invitations to showcase their talents. Of the roughly 200 players who won't receive invitations to serve as camp fodder, at least a handful could have earned regular-season roster spots.
Not getting that developmental time will force teams to forgo players they would otherwise cultivate. "Somewhere in there, you're missing out on an unknown," Casserly said.
The general sentiment among coaches and GMs, according to Casserly, is to increase the roster size. But adding players probably won't happen until the league works out a new collective bargaining agreement with the players association, an undertaking that could be years away.
For now, coaches and players will have to adjust. Casserly said some veterans could find coy ways to avoid the extra drills.
"You might have some angry veterans," he said, "who have hamstring injuries for a few days so they can't practice."
Guidelines: You share in the USA TODAY community, so please keep your comments smart and civil. Don't attack other readers personally, and keep your language decent. Use the "Report Abuse" button to make a difference. Read more.


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The team crossed one name off that list on Monday by reportedly signing safety Morgan Burnett to a four-year extension worth $24.75 million. According to NFL Network's Ian Rapoport, the deal includes $8.25 million guaranteed.
Burnett, a third-round pick in 2010 who turned just 24 in January, has started all 32 games the past two seasons and was one of two defensive players in the league to play every snap last season. (The Rams' James Laurinaitis was the other.) He missed just 16 snaps in 2011 after sustaining a broken hand.
Burnett has quietly developed into one of the better safeties in the league.
Over the past two seasons, Burnett is tied for fifth among safeties with four forced fumbles and is one of only five safeties with back-to-back seasons of at least two forced fumbles.
Also over the past two seasons, Burnett is second among safeties with 229 tackles and is one of just four safeties with back-to-back seasons of at least 100 tackles.
Take those two facts in tandem, and Burnett is the only safety that is so accomplished in terms of tackles and forcing fumbles.
"Productivity, I think the numbers speak for themselves — 100-and-some tackles and two years in a row didn't miss a snap," safeties coach Darren Perry said. "Durability, consistency — I think that says a lot about the type of player he is. He's still young and I think his potential still hasn't been reached. I think he has a chance to be a really good football player. We just need to keep him growing in the right direction because we feel he can be one of our impact players on defense."
Burnett, who led all safeties in tackles in 2012, is at his best in the run game. He ranked fourth among safeties in ProFootballFocus.com's "run stop" metric with 22. A "run stop" consists of a solo tackle that holds a first-down run to a gain of 3 yards or less, a second-down run that allows half of the remaining yardage and a third-down run that stops the play short of first-down yardage. That's essentially the same as the Packers' grading system of wins and losses.
Burnett also is a solid tackler, ranking 14th out of 58 safeties in PFF's tackling efficiency metric.
"He's made progress each year," defensive coordinator Dom Capers said. "Smart, very coachable. From a coach's standpoint, you have great confidence that he's going to be accountable, and he's got playmaking ability. You saw our Minnesota game out here. Without those two interceptions, we're in a doggone dog fight. Because it was, when he made those interceptions, it was heading downhill on us. They come out the first play, Peterson broke a long one and his interception turned the game around. The other one was in the red zone, too. Both those were points off the board. I think he's at a point in terms of being your quarterback and taking over the communication and all those kinds of things, he's confident."
Key free agents-to-be include Jermichael Finley, Ryan Pickett, B.J. Raji, Sam Shields, James Jones, Evan Dietrich-Smith, John Kuhn, Mike Neal, Marshall Newhouse and Andrew Quarless.
Agree or disagree?: Discuss hot Packers topics in our, free forums. Leave Bill a question in the subscribers-only Packers Pro Club forum.
Bill Huber is publisher of Packer Report magazine and PackerReport.com and has written for Packer Report since 1997. E-mail him at email@example.com, or leave him a question in Packer Report's subscribers-only Packers Pro Club forum. Find Bill on Twitter at twitter.com/PackerReport.


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Governor Andrew M. Cuomo today applauded the first six municipalities to achieve certification as part of the state Climate Smart Communities (CSC) Program, which is designed to support municipal efforts to meet economic, social and environmental challenges posed by climate change. The new certification effort, which awards certification, bronze, silver and gold levels under the CSC Program, will provide a means to recognize those communities that achieve success under their CSC pledge, a means to track and reward local actions, and a better defined framework for local climate action. The governor heralded the state and local partnership effort as part of the weeklong celebration of Earth Day, to support a more resilient and sustainable New York and promote a cleaner and healthier environment.
The six certified Climate Smart Communities that were honored by NYS Department of Environmental Conservation (DEC) Commissioner Joe Martens and Department of Transportation Commissioner Joan McDonald at an event today at a solar-powered boat pavilion, included the City of Watervliet, Albany County; the City of Albany, Albany County; the Town of Cortlandt, Westchester County; Orange County; the Village of Dobbs Ferry, Westchester County; and the City of Kingston, Ulster County.
"Building and achieving a more sustainable New York can only be successful if we all, on the local, state and federal levels, work together to support goals that mitigate and protect against the impact of climate change," Governor Cuomo said. "On this Earth Day, we are proud to be partnering with municipalities to do just that and I congratulate these six communities for demonstrating bold leadership by aggressively pursuing policies and actions to reduce their carbon footprint and address climate change at a very local level."
"Many communities across New York State have experienced the dramatic effects of climate change over the past few years, including severe weather and devastating floods," Commissioner Martens said. "Governor Cuomo has directed DEC and other state agencies to develop and implement strategies to address the cause and effects of climate change, including strengthening our resiliency against storms and flooding. DEC encourages and supports community climate action plans that help to prepare for and mitigate potential impacts. We congratulate these six communities for their leadership in tackling this environmental challenge and encourage others to take an active role on this important issue."
New York State Department of Transportation (NYSDOT) Commissioner Joan McDonald said, "Congratulations to these six communities for adopting the pledge to combat climate change and join the ranks of Climate Smart Communities. Under Governor Cuomo's leadership, NYSDOT is collaborating with its State partners to provide local communities with the assistance they need to improve energy efficiency, reduce greenhouse gas emissions and prepare for the consequences of climate change. NYSDOT is committed to this effort."
John B. Rhodes, president and CEO, New York State Energy Research and Development Authority (NYSERDA), said, "Congratulations to these six communities for their demonstrated commitment and effective progress in combating climate change. These municipalities can serve as models for others to follow. Governor Cuomo has set out an aggressive energy agenda to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and Climate Smart Communities support this goal by reducing fossil fuel use and stimulating clean energy to create a cleaner environment for all New Yorkers."
PSC Chair Audrey Zibelman said, "Under Governor Cuomo's leadership, New York is addressing the real threat of climate change through programs designed to curb greenhouse gas emissions, increase energy efficiency and develop renewable energy. In addition, we are launching brand-new initiatives to modernize the State's energy infrastructure and energy business model. Partnering with local governments and communities in the Climate Smart Communities program will help ensure our success to address climate change impacts."
State Health Commissioner, Nirav R. Shah M.D., M.P.H., said, "By creating sustainable methods to help meet the challenges posed by climate change, these communities are leading the way in the effort to collect and analyze data to better understand, improve, and protect our health."
Assemblymember John T. McDonald III said, "It is a pleasure to join Commissioner Martens and Mayor Manning as we celebrate Earth Week. Innovative and determined leaders like Mayor Manning have not only embraced the Climate Smart Program but have also taken the program to new areas in his zest to improve our climate and the community of Watervliet with the critical outcome of saving taxpayers' funds. It is through the Climate Smart Program, under the oversight of New York State Department of Environmental Conservation, that has made a difference in regard to our environment and also in educating our residents in New York State on how we need to protect, preserve and position our environment for the generations to follow."
Assemblyman Phil Steck said, ""We cannot ignore the impact of climate change. I am pleased local communities I represent have taken a leading role to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and become more energy-efficient. I look forward to working with them and my colleagues at the state level to develop strategies that will better protect our environment."
Through New York's Climate Smart Communities Program, municipalities receive analytical tools, information on available training and financial assistance, an informational webinar series and direct technical support from coordinators. The coordinators are funded by proceeds from the sale of Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (RGGI) carbon dioxide emissions allowances.
Counties, cities, towns, and villages can join the voluntary program by adopting the Climate Smart Communities Pledge. The pledge requires local governments to set goals; inventory emissions and develop a climate action plan; decrease energy demands and encourage renewable energy in their operations; support recycling and other climate smart solid waste management practices; promote climate protection though land use tools; develop an adaptation and resiliency plan for climate change; support a green innovation economy; inform and inspire the public; and commit to an evolving process.
To date, 130 local governments have taken the pledge to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions, prepare for the effects of climate change and encourage development of a green innovation economy.
Building upon the success of the Climate Smart Communities program and with funding from the Environmental Protection Fund (EPF), Climate Smart Community sponsoring agencies developed criteria for communities to achieve official designation as Certified Climate Smart Communities. The state sought input from an advisory group consisting of local officials and experts from a variety of organizations in developing the certification manual, which identifies more than 130 specific actions Climate Smart Communities can take to receive points toward certification and higher award levels.
The actions described in the certification manual are organized according to the ten points of the Climate Smart Communities Pledge. The certification program requires that communities complete a small number of specific actions fundamental to an effective local climate action program, including:
Formation of a Climate Smart Community task force to coordinate community efforts and of a municipal "green team" to help the municipality identify opportunities to reduce greenhouse emissions and save energy costs in municipal operations;
Set greenhouse gas emissions targets and develop plans to achieve them over time;
Undertake an energy audit of at least one municipal building and to conduct a review of existing local plans to identify opportunities to improve resiliency to climate hazards.
Although the certification program requires a small number of specific actions, communities may select from the large number of voluntary actions to develop a local program that fits local circumstances, objectives and capacities. Many of the communities recognized today focused on reducing municipal energy demand by installing more efficient lighting or converting streetlights to LEDs. Other communities have made commitments to increase the number of alternatively-fueled vehicles in their fleets, or to reduce the generation of solid waste and amount of organic material sent to landfills. Some of the communities, especially those with vulnerable waterfronts, have conducted community-based processes to assess their vulnerabilities and develop adaptation plans.
Source: http://www.governor.ny.gov/press/04222014-climate-smart-communities


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