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Malkin helps force OT; Gonchar scores game-winner for PenguinsOct 20, 2006 - 2:52 AM UNIONDALE, New York (Ticker) -- Rookie Evgeni Malkin's second career goal signified more than just a personal milestone.
Malkin helped force overtime and defenseman Sergei Gonchar scored the game-winning power-play goal in the extra session as the Pittsburgh Penguins snapped a two-game skid with a 4-3 victory over the New York Islanders.
The second overall pick in the 2004 draft, Malkin netted his first tally in his initial NHL game on Wednesday, but the Penguins still dropped a 2-1 decision to the New Jersey Devils.
"He (Malkin) is dangerous," Pittsburgh center Sidney Crosby said. "Offensively, teams have to be worried about him. It opens it up for the other guys. We are able to move the puck quicker with him. He throws another angle at teams. He's a dangerous player to think about."
However in this one, the Russian's effort did not go for naught.
Malkin drew Pittsburgh even at 3-3 with 11:52 remaining in the third period, when he took a short pass from Crosby and put a shot between the legs of goaltender Mike Dunham.
"I waited on the forecheck and he (Malkin) did a good job of going to the net," said Crosby, who finished with three assists. "He (is) a smart player. He knows if he goes to the net, he is going to get opportunities. As soon as I turned around, he was right there."
Gonchar sealed the win in the extra session when his one-timer from the right point deflected in off the right goalpost.
"We tried to set up a lot of shots," Gonchar said. "(Dunham) could see people passing around the puck for the one-timers. The first couple of shots I took, he could see the puck, but the last one, I have to give credit to Ryan Malone. He stood in front and blocked his vision for a split second, and I had a chance to put it in."
Marc-Andre Fleury made 34 saves for the Penguins, who went 3-for-8 with the man advantage.
"(The Islanders) have lots of skilled players, but tonight our power play was working well," Fleury said. "That was the difference. I think my guys played well, keeping them on the outside and letting me see the puck."
The Islanders erased a two-goal deficit with three tallies in a three-minute stretch of the second period.
Alexei Yashin scored after receiving a nice cross-ice pass from Viktor Kozlov 15:43 into the session. Mike Sillinger tallied roughly two minutes later and New York went ahead with 1:28 left in the period, when Jason Blake buried the rebound from Yashin's one-timer.
"Coming back from 2-0 and getting the lead is a definite positive," New York coach Ted Nolan said. "I thought Alexei had a solid game. Penalties in key spots cost us."
Dunham stopped 32 shots for the Islanders, who have dropped back-to-back overtime games.
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Comet C/2014 Q2 (Lovejoy) – discovered by Australian Terry Lovejoy in August – is reaching its maximum brightness, but one astronomy expert fears tonight's full moon will wash it from the night sky.
Comet Lovejoy has produced some striking pictures in the last week or so in the northern hemisphere but retired New Zealand astronomer Alan Gilmore says it's unlikely to give antipodean stargazers much pleasure tonight.
"Unless the comet has become unexpectedly bright then I doubt that it's worth looking for when the moon is in the sky," he says.
He says tonight Lovejoy will be above and left of Rigal, the brightest star in the constellation Orion. It will move slightly each night and by January 14 will be in the Pleiades/Matariki star cluster.
"The full moon is either in the sky, or up soon after sunset, till the 8th. After that there is a moonless interval after dusk."
#Lovejoy Q2 by Gerald Rhemann from Farm Tivoli, Namibia, SW
#Africa Dec 21.
pic.twitter.com/IWgrUW9DAM — Epic Cosmos (@EpicCosmos)
December 23, 2014
Sky and Telescope say that the comet is visible to the unaided eye under good sky conditions.
This is Terry Lovejoy's fifth comet discovery.
In photographs the comet appears bright green due to the presence of diatomic carbon, which glows green when energised by the sun.
With Fairfax NZ

subset: commoncrawl


text:
We take a look at the new iOS 8 Notification Center Widget possibilities in iOS 8, and give 5 free suggestions on which apps support this new feature.
If it's app and contact shortcuts in your Notification Center you're after, Launcher is the app for you.
The app features some nifty options, such as adding a Facetime contact shortcut, on top of normal calls, as well as SMS shortcuts, and Maps direction launchers.
Launcher is the first "must-have" app for iOS 8 that puts your favorites at your fingertips. When you install it, you get a new iOS 8 Today Widget which can be added to Notification Center on your iPhone or iPad so that it's always just one swipe away!
App Store Link: https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/launcher-favorites-at-your/id905099592?mt=8
Unfortunately it seems Launcher has been pulled from the App Store as it did not conform to Apple's rules and regulations governing App Store releases.
Pedometer++ is a simple step-counter app, which includes a nifty new iOS 8 Notification Center Widget showing your total Steps and distance travelled during the day. Pedomoeter ++ grabs step data straight from the Health app in iOS 8, and iPhone 6 and 6 Plus users will also see how many steps they have climbed thanks to the new M8 motion co-processor in these devices.
Take advantage of the step counting capabilities in your iPhone 5s to improve your health. Pedometer++ lets you easily keep track of your daily and weekly step counts, without any impact on your battery life.
You can also set the app to dynamically show your current step count as the applications badge. This will update dynamically throughout the day.
** Requires an iPhone 5s, iPhone 6 or iPhone 6 Plus **
App Store Link: https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/pedometer++/id712286167?mt=8
Wunderlist is a handy to-do list app, featuring a clean, sleek interface. The app features a handy to-do list window in Notification Center, courtesy of the new iOS 8 Widget feature in Notification Center, as well as reminder notifications, and emails as soon as a task is due in case you're not at your device.
Wunderlist helps millions of people around the world capture their ideas, things to do and places to see. Whether you're sharing a grocery list with a loved one, working on a project, or planning a vacation, Wunderlist makes it easy to share your lists and collaborate with everyone in your life. Wunderlist instantly syncs between your phone, tablet and computer, so you can access your lists from anywhere
App Store Link: https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/wunderlist-to-do-list-tasks/id406644151?mt=8
Wdgts is a collection of 5 useful Widgets for iOS 8 – Calculator, Currency Converter, Time Zone, Calendar and Photo Frame.
App Store Link: https://itunes.apple.com/app/wdgts-collection-awesome-notification/id916103272?mt=8
Kitchen Stories Cookbook
If you require some inspiration in the Kitchen, Kitchen Stories Cookbook features a nifty little Notification Center Widget which shows you the recipe of the day. "Pasta with stripes of beef and creamy mushrooms". Yum… That just made me hungry.
Opening the app will take you to the full Kitchen Stories app, with the full recipe, and many other recipes and how-to's.
With inspiring videos, simple step-by-step photo instructions and practical How To's Kitchen Stories brings delicious food back to your home kitchen.
Find numerous recipes free of charge for easy-to-cook everyday dishes created by executive chefs and tested by many hobby cooks!
App Store Link: https://itunes.apple.com/za/app/id771068291?mt=8
How to add a Widget to Notification Center
Firstly, the widget you are trying to add must be supported by the app.
Once you have downloaded the above apps, to enable their respective widgets, open up Notification Center by swiping down on the status bar. Make sure the "Today" tab is selected at the top. Scroll to the bottom until you see the "Edit" button.
When you tap "Edit" you will be presented with a list of apps which support Notification Center Widgets. You can enable/disable as well as re-order existing widgets from this menu.
Your favourite iOS 8 Widget?
Do you have your own favourite iOS 8 Notification Center Widgets? Let us know in the comments below.Share This:


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|Largest city
|Other cities
|Moscow, Warsaw, Minsk
|Kyrgyz, Latvian, Moldovan, Mongolian
|Kristaps Erkko
|Prime Minister
|Ismo J. Koutaniemi
|March 15, 1997
Russia and Central Asia (Finnish: Venäjä ja Keskeinen Affair), officially in English the Republic of Russia and Central Asia, is a country in Eurasia. It borders Germany and Scandinavia to the west, Northern China and Korea to the southeast, and The Middle East and East Turkey to the southwest. A transcontinental country with land in Eastern Europe, Asia, and part of North America, Russia and Central Asia has had and continues to have extensive socio-political and cultural connections with Europe.
A former republic of the Soviet Union, Russia and Central Asia is a unitary, multiparty, democratic nation-state with an ancient and historic cultural heritage. The Kingdom of Russia and Central Asia was the first state to adopt Christianity as its religion in the early years of the 4th century (the traditional date is 301). The modern Republic of Russia and Central Asia is constitutionally a secular state, although the Christian faith plays a major role in the history and identification of the Russian and Central Asian people.
Russia and Central Asia is currently a member of more than 40 different international organisations, including the United Nations, the Council of Europe, the Asian Development Bank, the Commonwealth of Independent States, the World Trade Organisation and the Organisation of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation. It is a member of the CSTO military alliance and also participates in NATO's Partnership for Peace (PfP) programme. In 2004 its forces joined KFOR, a NATO-led international force in Kosovo. It is also an observer member of the Eurasian Economic Community, La Francophonie, and the Non-Aligned Movement.
Russia and Central Asia is also active in the international sports community with full membership in the Union of European Football Associations and International Ice Hockey Federation. The country is an emerging democracy and, because of its strategic location, lies among both the Eastern and Western spheres of influence.


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Moths & Geometrics Temporary Tattoo Set - NATURE GIRL The Natural Balance
Product Description
Nature-inspired moths and geometric temporary tattoos. Adorn yourself with all the fun of permanent ink with none of the pain or long-term commitment!
Taken from Victoria's original illustrations, each 'tattoo' comes pre-cut and ready to wear with full application instructions included.
Every temporary tattoo kit contains one very large hawkmoth, two little moths and the five Platonic Solid geometric shapes to wear together or separately. The delightful packaging made from recycled card and glassine makes them a perfect present too!
The tattoo designs are printed on professional-grade material as used on film sets. They will last up to five days depending on where you place them. Areas such as elbows and wrists may wear more quickly as they twist and turn.
Large moth – 15cm x 13cm at widest points
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Designed and made in the UK all items incorporate eco-friendly reclaimed or recycled materials. Art prints and new homeware pieces are also produced locally sustainably and utilizing organic materials.
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text: But Alcatel is about more than just takeover speculation, it's also a turnaround story, with a new CEO that's getting serious about selling off assets to narrow his company's focus to only those areas that have solid differentiation. Alcatel is also cleaning up its balance sheet and has refinanced its debt so that nothing is coming due until 2017. And what of that newly capitalized Nokia? Cramer said that Nokia may likely be a bidder for some of Alcatel's assets now that the company has a big cash infusion from Microsoft ( MSFT). So with spending on the rise and Alcatel making itself more attractive, investors may indeed have multiple ways to win in this "left for dead" stock.


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Beethoven himself considered this massive and dramatic Mass setting to be his greatest work, expanding the familiar liturgy to an unprecedented grand symphonic scale. Don't miss the chance to hear John Alexander conduct this rarely performed masterpiece, in the opening concert of his Grand Finale season!
Click here to read the concert program, including texts, program notes, and performer bios.


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BRATTLEBORO — In 2011, after years of work, the Massachusetts Legislature approved a major overhaul of the state's alimony law. There was not a single dissenting vote, "and it's very rare that happens," said Steve Hitner, the man who led the effort.
Now, a group led by Brattleboro businessman Rick Fleming is attempting to use that model to revamp the Vermont law that regulates — or, the group contends, fails to regulate — the ways in which men and women are ordered to compensate their ex-spouses.
MONTPELIER — Gov. Peter Shumlin on Friday urged Vermonters to prepare for frigid weather conditions this weekend. In addition, the governor advised Vermonters at risk of homelessness to contact their local Economic Services Division office before 4:30 p.m. or to call 211 after 4:30 p.m. to arrange for temporary housing during the coldest nights.
MONTPELIER — After listening to hours of testimony on the good the bad and the ugly that school districts have endured trying to build budgets under a spending cap under Act 46, the House Committee on Education on Tuesday voted in favor of raising the spending threshold for every school district in the state by 0.9 percent for FY 2017.
The fix is meant to accommodate an unforeseen increase in health care costs and it has the support of Speaker of the House Shap Smith.
VERMONT — The General Federation of Women's Clubs of Vermont (GFWC-VT) announces the availability of scholarships for Vermont women who have been homemakers and who have lost their main means of support through separation or divorce from their spouse or the death, disability or long-term unemployment of their spouse. Eligible women are in need of education or training to enter the work force. Applicants must submit a specific plan for their education or training.
MONTPELIER — Green Up Vermont is holding its annual poster and writing contests, and students in grades K-12 are invited to submit one entry in each of the two contests. Entries must be received by Jan. 31.
MONTPELIER — Vermont is seeking 15 small business owners to participate in the Emerging Leaders Initiative beginning in April at Vermont Technical College in Williston.
Emerging Leaders is a free executive-level training program for entrepreneurs to learn how to establish a three-year strategic growth plan for their businesses. The strategic plans emphasize organizational structure, resource network and assistance needed to build a sustainable business of size and scale.
RUTLAND — The Paramount Theater and Castleton University present a broadcast of the Jan. 17 Democratic Presidential Primary Debate as part of the 14-month series, Project 240: Celebrating the American Experience. The event on Sunday is at the Paramount Theater; doors open at 7:30 p.m., with the event to start at 8 p.m.
MONTPELIER — Gov. Peter Shumlin gave his sixth and final State of the State address to the Vermont Legislature on Thursday.
The uncharacteristically lengthy speech was a victory lap through memory lane, with a listing of accomplishments that lasted more than an hour. In the past, Shumlin, who has difficulty delivering long speeches because of his dyslexia, has kept his addresses short. This time, however, the governor spared no detail and appeared to be determined to defend his three terms in office.
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Risa Yoshiki is a gravure idol, actress and singer. She a Henshin Hottie from the 2012 Super Sentai series, Tokumei Sentai Go-Busters, wherein she plays as Rika Sakurada. She also sung the opening theme of GOSICK anime, "Destin Histoire."
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Photos of Jennifer Aniston Driving Her Bentley Around LA
Jennifer Aniston Rides Around LA in Style
Jennifer Aniston took her shiny Bentley for a spin in LA yesterday afternoon. She was chatting away on her cellphone, though she stayed within the limits of the law by using her hands free device. Jennifer is back in California after a relaxing trip with friends to Cabo, where she was spotted soaking up the sun in her favorite purple bikini. It's already time for Jennifer to get back to work, and she was spotted heading into a meeting with a prepacked meal in hand.
Image Source: X17 Online


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1998 CRC Press LLC. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
- Cory Barton
- 2 years ago
- Views:
2 Contact Editor: Project Editor: Marketing Manager: Cover design: Manufacturing: Harvey Kane Maggie Mogck Becky McEldowney Dawn Boyd Carol Royal Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Brogdon, B.G. (Byron Gilliam) Forensic radiology / B.G. Brogdon ; with 13 contributors. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN Forensic radiography. I. Title. [DNLM: 1. Forensic Medicine. 2. Radiology. W 700 B866f 1998] RA B dc21 DNLM/DLC for Library of Congress CIP This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. Reprinted material is quoted with permission, and sources are indicated. A wide variety of references are listed. Reasonable efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, but the author and the publisher cannot assume responsibility for the validity of all materials or for the consequences of their use. Neither this book nor any part may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, microfilming, and recording, or by any information storage or retrieval system, without prior permission in writing from the publisher. All rights reserved. Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use, or the personal or internal use of specific clients, may be granted by CRC Press LLC, provided that $.50 per page photocopied is paid directly to Copyright Clearance Center, 27 Congress Street, Salem, MA USA. The fee code for users of the Transactional Reporting Service is ISBN /98/$0.00+$.50. The fee is subject to change without notice. For organizations that have been granted a photocopy license by the CCC, a separate system of payment has been arranged. The consent of CRC Press LLC does not extend to copying for general distribution, for promotion, for creating new works, or for resale. Specific permission must be obtained in writing from CRC Press LLC for such copying. Direct all inquiries to CRC Press LLC, 2000 Corporate Blvd., N.W., Boca Raton, Florida Trademark Notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are only used for identification and explanation, without intent to infringe by CRC Press LLC No claim to original U.S. Government works International Standard Book Number Library of Congress Card Number Printed in the United States of America Printed on acid-free paper
3 Preface There are about 25,000 physicians in the U.S. engaged in the practice of Diagnostic Radiology. No more than three dozen of them have had enough experience or interest in Forensic Radiology to have published in the field. Just over a handful have had sufficient involvement to have become members of the American Academy of Forensic Sciences (AAFS), and only three of those have satisfied the requirements for Fellowships in that organization. There is no set definition or standard for a Forensic Radiologist. There is no specialized training or fellowship available in that field; there is no separate Society for Forensic Radiology, nor is there certification for a subspecialty or added qualification in Forensic Radiology. It is doubtful that any radiologist in North America, regardless of his level of interest, devotes as much as 10% of his active practice to Forensic Radiology. Those few of us who do maintain some continuing, albeit sporadic, activity in Forensic Radiology mostly became involved by happenstance, circumstance, curiosity, or just plain good luck. My own introduction to the fascination of forensic problems came in the mid 1960s when I was Radiologist-in-Charge of the Division of Diagnostic Radiology at Johns Hopkins. The famous Dr. Russell S. Fisher (Figure 1), longtime Medical Examiner of the State of Maryland and AAFS President in , first asked for my help in sorting out the commingled body parts of two children (only 15 months apart in age) who were victims of a light aircraft accident. Later, he allowed me to help in other cases. I was hooked for life. When I left Johns Hopkins to accept the Chair of Radiology at the fledgling School of Medicine at the University of New Mexico, good fortune followed me to Albuquerque. I had several years there of exhilarating experience working with two outstanding forensic Figure 1 Russell S. Fisher, M.D.
4 scientists, Jim Weston and Homer Campbell (Figure 2). When Jim came to New Mexico he designed and built both a model state-wide Medical Examiners system and a state-ofthe-art Forensic Sciences building on the medical center campus. He already was a world figure in Forensic Pathology and served as President of AAFS in His untimely death during one of his daily morning runs on the UNM golf course was a great loss to the Forensic Sciences. Homer Campbell at that time was in the practice of General Dentistry and pursued an interest in Forensic Odontology as a part-time avocation. Homer was, in fact, my dentist and cleaned my teeth twice a year. (Fortunately, I never needed Jim Weston s professional services!) Later, Homer left his practice in favor of full-time forensic work and became President of the AAFS in Since coming to the University of South Alabama in 1978, I have enjoyed an entirely pleasant professional and personal relationship with LeRoy Riddick, a trainee of the legendary Milton Helpern, and now Professor of Pathology and Alabama State Medical Examiner (Figure 3). Roy and his associates and fellows (several of whom have gone on to responsible positions of their own) have invariably treated me with a most gratifying and warm collegiality as their Consultant in Forensic Radiology. As my participation in forensic activities and meetings increased, I was astounded by the volume of radiologic images presented and/or published by (of necessity) non-radiologists dentists, pathologists, physical anthropologists, and other forensic scientists. I have been astonished at the good quality of some of those images and saddened by how awfully bad others were. I have seen colleagues struggle with the interpretation of conditions that are well known and easily recognized by almost any radiologist. I have watched others agonize over problems that could be approached rather easily by the radiologic method. I have reviewed elaborate and costly research projects based on null hypotheses both proved and disproved years ago in our discipline. On the other hand, I Figure 2 Left to right: James T. Weston, M.D., Homer R. Campbell, Jr., D.D.S., and B. G. Brogdon, M.D. on the occasion of a Science Writers Forum on Forensic Radiology in New York City on April 13, 1977.
5 Figure 3 LeRoy Riddick, M.D. have become acquainted with applications of my own technology in forensic sciences that are largely unknown to me and my fellow radiologists. None of this is totally surprising when one recognizes that there is essentially no common fund of radiologic knowledge, comprehensive radiological literature, or data bank of radiologic information readily available to the many disparate disciplines who may wish or need to use the x ray or other radiologic modalities in their individual forensic pursuits. The sad truth is that a century after the first x ray was introduced as evidence in a court of law, there is no general appreciation of the extent of the radiologic potential in the forensic sciences. This was brought most forcefully to my attention when at a recent meeting no less an exemplar than the renowned criminalist, Dr. Henry C. Lee,* showed a slide depicting the 19 disciplines or specialties comprising the body of the forensic sciences; radiology was not among them! The generally favorable response to my own efforts, and those of a few others, to spread the gospel of forensic radiology through talks, refresher courses, and publications directed to both forensic scientists and fellow radiologists finally has prompted me to undertake this book on Forensic Radiology. It represents an attempt to illustrate the applicability of diagnostic radiology to the broad range of the forensic sciences in the hope that it will both assist and stimulate others in the utilization of this useful tool in the solution of their problems. It is not an encyclopedia. It is not, for the most part, a how-to-do-it book. However, the three chapters in Section VIII will serve as a practical technical primer devoted to simplification and solution of technical problems which may mystify or bedevil the relatively untrained person who is forced to undertake unfamiliar tasks. There is the risk that this volume, in trying to reach a large multidisciplinary readership, will be too difficult for some and too simple for others. As I try to leap unscathed between the horns of this dilemma, I hope the reader will view the attempt with tolerance and understanding. The goal of this book is to cover the entire scope of radiological applications in the forensic sciences; the range of radiological applicability may be surprising to some readers. To make this volume timely and up to date, both current and anticipated uses of the exciting new modalities and techniques that have graced our discipline in recent years have been included. I am exceedingly fortunate and most grateful that an outstanding group of contributors has agreed to impart a unique body of knowledge and expertise in several chapters. This book would not have been possible without the time-consuming efforts of * Lee, H. C., Advances in the analysis of data/evidence in the laboratory, presented at a conference on Forensic Investigation of Abuse and Violence, Pensacola, FL, September 19, 1995.
6 those extremely busy colleagues who herein share unstintingly the essence of their own forensic investigations and experience. I have leaned heavily on other resources in this endeavor. Much information and a number of illustrations have been gleaned from the previously published material of others, and I appreciate the generosity of many authors and publishers in releasing their material for my use. Sources of material have been acknowledged appropriately whenever possible. Some of the figures were produced from radiographs and slides that have resided in my files for many years; the origin of some of these are lost to both record and memory. My apology is extended for any oversight where credit is due, with the hope that it will be accepted in the same spirit of magnanimity characterized by the original offering. I cannot apologize for the quality of the illustrations, some of which admittedly are suboptimal. I wish it were not so. But many post-mortem roentgenograms are obtained under most difficult conditions, in the morgue or in the field, by minimally trained or self-taught personnel. Often there is no opportunity for a repeat effort. Furthermore, there is no way to influence the quality of ante-mortem roentgenographs obtained from outside sources. Whatever one gets is considered a benison when the resolution of a case is at stake. Tolley Tollefson and Teri Deese of the University of South Alabama Department of Radiology s photography section, cheerfully bore the added burden of this book even though they were already heavily laden with the routine work of a busy academic department. The illustrations in this book reflect their high degree of professionalism since, unfortunately, some of the original material with which they worked was of inferior quality, for reasons already given. Vanessa Brown cheerfully and efficiently typed the several versions of my portion of this manuscript (as well as those of several of the contributors). She has coped with my hillbilly accent on dictated material, interpreted my nearly illegible cursive script and, in all cases, corrected my abominable spelling. This book was added to the exceptional demands she daily faces as Departmental Secretary, with direct responsibility as amanuensis to two senior faculty members and overseer of all other secretarial activities in the department. I thank her for a prodigious effort accomplished with patience and good humor. My wife, Babs, called upon her experience (in a previous life) as an editor of a biomedical journal to compensate for my well-documented failure as a copyeditor and proofreader. Her influence on this book, and my life, are acknowledged with thanks here and elsewhere. Steven K. Teplick, M.D., now Professor and Chairman of the Department of Radiology, University of South Alabama, has graciously supported this work by making time and departmental facilities and resources available to me, for which I thank him. The staff of the Biomedical Library of the University of South Alabama has been unfailingly kind, courteous, and professionally competent in meeting all requests for help in finding and acquiring reference materials. My editors, first George V. Novotny and later Bob Stern of CRC Press, have provided useful assistance and advice, continuous encouragement, and gentle prodding. They have borne my literary shortcomings, missed deadlines, and other problems with patience and aplomb. I hope the result was worth their effort. Judge Haskell M. Pitluck, Past President of the American Academy of Forensic Sciences and valued friend, was kind enough to critically review my effort on Coping with the Courts ; however, any residual errors or inaccuracies are solely my responsibility.
7 Finally, I must thank an unnamed multitude of friends, acquaintances, associates, and colleagues in Radiology, and a similar horde in the Forensic Sciences, who have been openhanded with their friendship, assistance, case material, and the lore of their respective disciplines. I have gained far more from those associations than have they and, especially, have learned far more than I have taught. I hope they will accept this blanket acknowledgment and my thanks for their contributions in uncounted ways to this opus. Gil Brogdon Mobile, Alabama
8 Contributors Mark L. Bernstein, D.D.S. Professor of Oral Pathology, Department of Surgical and Hospital Dentistry, University of Louisville Dental School Diplomate American Board of Forensic Odontology Forensic Consultant to the Medical Examiner s Office, Commonwealth of Kentucky B. G. Brogdon, M.D. University Distinguished Professor Emeritus of Radiology, University of South Alabama College of Medicine Consultant in Forensic Radiology to the Office of the State Medical Examiner, Alabama Department of Forensic Sciences Ferdinand Frauscher, M.D. Department of Radiology II, University of Innsbruck Blaine L. Hart, M.D. Associate Professor of Radiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center A. Everette James, Sc.M., J.D., M.D. Chair Emeritus, Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Senior Policy Advisor, Institute of Medicine, National Academy of Sciences Consultant, Smithsonian Institutions Art Committee, Cosmos Club, Washington, D.C., Explorers Club, New York City, Who s Who in American Art Chucri M. Jalkh, B.S., R.T.(R) Instructor in Clinical Radiologic Technology, Department of Radiological Sciences, University of South Alabama Eric W. Lawson, M.D. Resident in Diagnostic Radiology, Department of Radiology, University of South Alabama Medical Center Joel E. Lichtenstein, M.D. Professor of Radiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine John D. McDowell, D.D.S., M.S. Assistant Professor and Chairman of Oral Diagnosis, Oral Medicine and Oral Radiology, Department of Diagnostic and Biologic Sciences, University of Colorado School of Dentistry James M. Messmer, M.D., M.Ed. Associate Professor, Department of Radiology, Medical College of Virginia, Virginia Commonwealth University Radiology Consultant, Office of the Chief Medical Examiner s Office, Commonwealth of Virginia Charles W. Newell, Ed.D., R.T.(R) Chair and Associate Professor, Department of Radiological Sciences, University of South Alabama Wolfgang Recheis, Ph.D. Department of Radiology II, University of Innsbruck LeRoy Riddick, M.D. Clinical Professor of Pathology, University of South Alabama College of Medicine State Medical Examiner, Alabama Department of Forensic Sciences David Sweet, D.M.D., Ph.D. Director, Bureau of Legal Dentistry, Department of Oral Biology and Medical Sciences, University of British Columbia
9 Table of Contents Section I Introduction to Forensic Radiology Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Definitions in Forensics and Radiology B. G. Brogdon, M.D. Forensic Radiology in Historical Perspective B. G. Brogdon, M.D. and Joel E. Lichtenstein, M.D. Scope of Forensic Radiology B. G. Brogdon, M.D. Section II Identification Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Identification of the Dead LeRoy Riddick, M.D. Radiological Identification: Anthropological Parameters B. G. Brogdon, M.D. Radiologic Applications in Forensic Dentistry Mark L. Bernstein, D.D.S. Radiographic Techniques in Bite Mark Analysis Identification of the Perpetrator David Sweet, D.M.D., Ph.D. Radiological Identification of Individual Remains B. G. Brogdon, M.D. Radiology in Mass Casualty Situations Joel E. Lichtenstein, M.D. Section III Gunshot Wounds Chapter 10 Radiology of Gunshot Wounds James M. Messmer, M.Ed., M.D.
10 Chapter 11 Pitfalls in the Radiology of Gunshot Wounds James M. Messmer, M.Ed., M.D. and B. G. Brogdon, M.D. Section IV Radiology in Nonviolent Crimes Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Smuggling B. G. Brogdon, M.D. Larceny B. G. Brogdon, M.D. Radiology of Fakes and Forgery in Art A. Everette James, Jr., Sc. M., J.D., M.D. Section V Radiology of Abuse Chapter 15 Chapter 16 Chapter 17 Child Abuse B. G. Brogdon, M.D. Spousal Abuse and Abuse of the Elderly An Overview John D. McDowell, D.D.S., M.S. and B. G. Brogdon, M.D. Human Rights Abuse, Torture, and Terrorism B. G. Brogdon, M.D. and Eric W. Lawson, M.D. Section VI Research and the New Modalities Chapter 18 Chapter 19 Chapter 20 Research and Applications of the New Modalities B. G. Brogdon, M.D. Use of Post-Mortem Cranial MRI in Evaluation of Suspected Child Abuse Blaine L. Hart, M.D. Stereolithography as a Useful Tool in Forensic Radiology Wolfgang Recheis, Ph.D. and Ferdinand Frauscher, M.D. Section VII Coping with the Courts Chapter 21 The Radiological Expert B. G. Brogdon, M.D.
11 Section VIII A Primer for Forensic Radiological Technology Chapter 22 Chapter 23 Chapter 24 Radiographic Equipment, Installation, and Radiation Protection Charles W. Newell, Ed.D., R.T. (R), Chucri M. Jalkh, B.S., R.T. (R), and B. G. Brogdon, M.D. Radiographic Positioning Charles W. Newell, Ed.D., R.T. (R) and Chucri M. Jalkh, B.S., R.T. (R) Production of the Radiographic Image Charles W. Newell, Ed.D., R.T. (R) and Chucri M. Jalkh, B.S., R.T. (R)
12 this book is dedicated with love to BABS my wife, best friend, sweetheart and partner who, like our marriage and fine wine, gets better with the passage of years
13 SECTION I Introduction to Forensic Radiology
14 Definitions in Forensics and Radiology 1 B. G. BROGDON, M.D. Forensic is derived from the Latin forens(is): of or belonging to the forum, public, equivalent to for(um) forum + ens of, belonging to + ic. By extension it came to also mean disputative, argumentative, rhetorical, belonging to debate or discussion. From there it is but a small step to the modern definition of forensic as pertaining to, connected with, or used in courts of judicature or public discussion and debate. Thus the forensic sciences encompass the application of specialized scientific and/or technical knowledge to questions of civil and criminal law, especially in court proceedings. Forensic Medicine has come to be recognized as a special science or discipline that deals with relationships and applications of medical facts and knowledge to legal problems. Some prefer to call it legal medicine or medical jurisprudence. Forensic Medicine is often considered to be synonymous with forensic pathology because full-time involvement of a physician with forensic activity is almost exclusively the province of that specialty. 1 The forensic pathologist is concerned principally with the post-mortem examination and, hence, deals mostly with the dead. In acknowledgment of this, Milton Helpern, M.D., the third Chief Medical Examiner of the City of New York, caused to be inscribed upon the lobby wall of his new office building in 1961 the Latin admonition, TACEAT COLLOQUIA. EFFUGIAT RISUS. HIC LOCUS EST UBI MORS GAUDET SUCCURRERE VITAE, (Let conversation cease. Let laughter flee. This is the place where death delights to help the living). 2 While other medical specialists may consult with the pathologist in the evaluation of death, virtually all of their other professional activities may have medicolegal ramifications and hazards involving both the living and the dead. These can embrace a large body of legal issues (e.g., age determination, assault, civil rights violations, inheritance, larceny, malpractice, parentage, personal injury, product liability, sexual offenses, smuggling, virginity, and wrongful birth or death). Thus, in Gradwohl 3 the definition of legal medicine was expanded to include the application of medical knowledge to the administration of law and to the furthering of justice and, in addition, the legal relations of the medical man. Evidence of the origin of legal or forensic medicine can be found in records of ancient people some thousands of years ago, when occasionally a law appears to influence medicine or medicine is found to influence or modify a law. 3,4 The Egyptian, Imhotep, may have been the first to apply both the law and medicine to his surroundings. Hammurabi codified medical law circa 2200 B.C., and medicolegal issues were covered in early Jewish law. Later, other civilizations the Greeks, ancient India, the Roman Empire evolved jurisprudential standards involving medical fact or opinion. Early cultures recognized the desirability of controlling the organization, duties, and liabilities of the medical profession. They also were acquainted with the importance of the knowledge and opinion of the medical person in the legal consideration of issues of great
15 moment such as the use of drugs or poisons, the duration of pregnancy, virginity, superfetation, the prognosis of wounds in different body locations (a physician determined that only one of Caesar s 23 stab wounds was fatal), sterility and impotence, sexual deviation, and suspicious death. Early in the sixteenth century a separate discipline of forensic medicine began to emerge. New codes of law required expert medical testimony in trials of certain types of crime or civil action. The first medicolegal books appeared in the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries and, after 1650, lectures on legal medicine were given in Germany and France. The first book on medical jurisprudence in the English language appeared in 1788 and 19 years later the first Regius Chair in Forensic Medicine was recognized by the Crown at the University of Edinburgh. The English coroner s system was imported to the Colonies in North America in 1607, and it was not until 1871 that Massachusetts, later followed by New York and other jurisdictions, established a medical examiner system. Upon this base of professionalism in death investigation, supported by the framework of solid scientific and technical advances during the twentieth century, was erected the modern structure of forensic medicine which covers a heterogeneous, sometimes loosely related, family of numerous disciplines or subspecialties sharing a common interest. Among those, Forensic Radiology usually comprises the performance, interpretation, and reportage of those radiological examinations and procedures that have to do with the courts and/or the law. Until but a few decades ago, Radiology could be defined as that special branch of medicine employing ionizing radiant energy in the diagnosis and treatment of disease. Now, the specialty of Radiology is divided into two quite distinct disciplines sharing only a common historical origin and a single certifying body, the American Board of Radiology. One of those two branches is Radiation Oncology, which utilizes highenergy ionizing radiant energy wavelengths and particles in the treatment of (almost exclusively malignant neoplastic) disease. It is the other major branch of the specialty, Diagnostic Radiology, with which this book will be concerned. Diagnostic radiology is devoted primarily to the study of images of the internal structures of the human body. Perhaps Harry Z. Mellins, M.D., a superbly talented radiologist and teacher, best captured the eidolon of the diagnostic radiologist more than 30 years ago when he wrote, 5 The [diagnostic] radiologist perceives a shadow, sees a lesion, and imagines a man. The bedside physician sees the man, perceives the signs and images the lesion. They practice from the outside in and we from the inside out. Nowadays images are acquired by an array of modalities and techniques: The x-ray or roentgen ray is an energy form of ionizing radiation from which may be produced fluorescent or photographic images. The latter are sometimes also called x-rays but are correctly termed roentgenograms, less accurately radiographs, and vulgarly as films (e.g., chest film ) (Figure 1-1). The fluorescent image can be electronically enhanced and directly visualized in realtime motion, cine-photographed, videotaped, or digitized and stored on magnetic tape or disks for replay (Figure 1-2). In the subspecialty of nuclear medicine or nuclear radiology, radioactive materials or isotopes can be directed to internal target organs or tissues by injection, inhalation,
16 Figure 1-1 Chest roentgenogram, radiograph, or film. This patient has an intracardiac tumor but it cannot be distinguished from the heart muscles or the blood inside the heart since all have approximately the same ability to absorb x-rays. Figure 1-2 A modern fluoroscope with an image intensifier connected to a television camera. The televised image (arrow) can be seen without darkening the room. or ingestion; the radiant energy escaping from inside the body can be collected on sensitive films or phosphors to create images, scintiscans, of the internal targets (Figure 1-3). Sound waves generated outside the body by transponders are reflected back from internal structural interfaces to be recaptured and converted into real-time or static images. The modality is called ultrasound or ultrasonography. The image is a sonogram (Figure 1-4). With special equipment, a roentgenogram of a thin section or slice of the body or body part can be acquired in the sagittal, coronal, or oblique plains (Figure 1-5). This technique is known as tomography and the processed image is a tomogram (now qualified as a conventional tomogram to distinguish it from a computed tomogram).
17 Figure 1-3 This is a nuclear scan using a bone-seeking isotope so the skeleton is imaged. Some of the isotope is taken up by the kidneys (arrows) and excreted into the bladder (open arrows) which should have been emptied before the scan was done. Unfortunately the full bladder obscures a tumor (chordoma) in the sacrum. (See Figure 1-7B-E, same case.) Figure 1-4 The ultrasound image of the same heart shown in Figure 1-1 is displayed as a cross-sectional image of the heart. The tumor is visualized in the interventrical septum (arrows) between the right ventricles (RV) and left ventricle (LV). Conventional roentgenograms result when x-ray photons (or light rays from intensifying screen phosphors excited by x-rays) expose a sensitive silver halide emulsion which, when processed, leaves a grain of reduced silver where the light-ray or x-ray photon struck. These microscopic black dots coalesce where the most x rays were transmitted to the film and are sparse to absent where the interposed body absorbed the radiation and are intermediately dispersed in a gray scale according to the atomic number of the interposed tissue. This is an analogue image. With proper instrumentation or equipment an analogue image can be converted into a digital image. Some of the newer radiographic equipment modalities (i.e., digital fluoroscopy, digital subtraction angiography, some ultrasonography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging) produce a digital image directly. The advantage of a digital image is that it can be manipulated by such techniques as contrast shift, density range adjustment, back/white reversal, and edge enhancement (Figure 1-6). Although the analogue image has better spatial resolution than
18 Figure 1-5 Example of conventional tomography. A. Chest roentgenogram: close-up of upper lung showing a large plaque of thickened pleura which obscures the underlying lung. B. Conventional tomogram: slice through the lung shows a nodular lesion that was hidden by the overlying pleural thickening. the digital image, maximal contrast resolution is required to exploit the spatial resolution, and shades of gray are not easily separated. Thus the analogue roentgenogram may display muscle, water, blood, or brain in a gray scale in which they are indistinguishable one from another (Figure 1-7). The digital image can be computer processed or manipulated to separate shades of gray, thus permitting, for instance, visual separation of the brain substance from its interventricular fluid or the gallbladder wall from the bile it contains. Computed axial tomography caught the public fancy as the CAT Scan but is now more commonly and properly referred to as computed tomography or simply CT and the product also called a CT or, preferably, a CT scan. This device uses an array of photoreceptors to detect slight differences in attenuation of roentgen rays emitted by a rotating x-ray tube as they passed through the body or body part over multiple diametric pathways in the axial or cross-sectional plane. The computer-processed result is a series of images of cross-axial sectional slices of the body or part, allowing
19 Figure 1-6 A and B are digital images of a chest containing multiple pulmonary nodules (arrows). The visual effect of black/white reversal image manipulation is demonstrated. a much higher differentiation between body tissues than can be achieved from a conventional x-ray machine (Figure 1-8). The electronically acquired and computerprocessed image can be manipulated in a variety of ways; for instance, to reconstruct images in coronal or sagittal planes or even two-dimensional displays of threedimensional (3-D) reconstructions. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) utilizes strong magnetic fields to generate electromagnetic signals from elements and compounds found in body fluids and tissues (Figure 1-9). With computer manipulation one can obtain multiplanar, multidirectional, sectional images or slices (MR scans). The signal strengths for individual tissues can be identified or manipulated by varying computer protocols. The subspecialty of interventional radiology is almost a separate discipline. A complex armamentarium of tools, devices, and instruments (e.g., catheters, balloons, lasers, needles, drains, stints, wooly worms, macrospheres, enzymes, etc.) are used to invade the body not only to create images and enhance diagnoses, but also to intervene therapeutically in disease processes or anatomic abnormalities.
20 Figure 1-7 Schematic drawing showing differential absorption of x rays by the tissues of the body in conventional radiography. From most to least radiodense these are (1) bone or calcium; (2) all soft tissues and liquids (muscle, blood, brain, heart, liver, urine, etc.) except (3) fat; (4) air or other gases. [ Forensic radiology so far has depended almost exclusively on the x-ray and the static image captured on the roentgenogram. Newer imaging methods have revolutionized the field of diagnostic radiology in a time span so short that it falls within the career experience of radiologists still engaged in active practice. Already, some of these advances are being incorporated into forensic studies. If problems of accessibility and cost can be resolved, other of the newer radiologic techniques and modalities may be appropriated by the forensic sciences. After all, it took six or seven thousand years of growth and development for forensic medicine to reach its present level of fruition. The flowering of forensic radiology had to wait on Professor Röntgen.
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Friday 21 September 2001
It was Friday, under the sign of Virgo. The US president was George W. Bush (Republican).
In that special week of September people in US were listening to I'm Real by Jennifer Lopez.
In UK Let's Dance by Five was in the top 5 hits.
Zoolander, directed by Ben Stiller, was one of the most viewed movies released in 2001
while Time and Again by Nora Roberts was one of the best selling books.
On TV people were watching The Isaac Mizrahi Show.
If you liked videogames you were probably playing Echelon or Lego Racers 2.
But much more happened that day: find out below..
You can also have a look at the whole 2001 or at September 21 across the years.
Old Newspapers
Have a look at the old newspapers from 21 September 2001 and get them!
Which were the most popular movies released in the last months ?
TV Series
Which were the most popular TV series released in the last months ?
Find out your future
Get a FREE Numerology report based on the digits of 21 September 2001!
Wish him/her..
Historical Events
Which were the important events of 21 September 2001 ?
- Mabon - Neopagan festival of Mabon
- International Day of Peace of the United Nations, as propagated by Peace One Day
- In ancient Greece, the eighth day of the Eleusinian Mysteries, when the secret rites in the Telesterion finish and the feast, Pannychis, begins.
- Philippines - Thanksgiving Day
- Independence Day in Malta (1964), Belize (1981) & Armenia (1991)
- Also see September 21 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
- RC Saints - Matthew the Evangelist
Famous Birthdays:See famous people born on 21 September
- Deep Space 1 flies within 2,200 km of Comet Borrelly.
- AZF chemical plant explodes in Toulouse, France, killing 31 people
- America: A Tribute to Heroes is broadcast by over 35 network and cable channels, raising over $200 million for the September 11 attack victims.
- In Toulouse, France, the AZote Fertilisant chemical factory explodes, killing 29 and seriously wounding over 2,500.
- White English teenager Ross Parker stabbed to death in racially motivated attack by a gang of Muslim Asians in Peterborough, England. Racial tensions in the area had been raised following the September 11th attacks
- Film: ''Training Day'' starring Denzel Washington and Ethan Hawke
Music Charts
Which were the top hits in that special week of September 2001 ?
Top #10 songs in the USA
Top #5 songs in the UK
Search For Your Ancestors
Subscribe to our Newsletter
Don't miss our monthly news, no spam guarantee Click here to Subscribe
...and if 21 September 2001 was your Birth Date then Join our Birthday Club!
Make this date unforgettable
Genealogy: find out your family heritage
Magazine Covers
What news were making the headlines those days in September 2001?
- EW: Entertainment Weekly: no.616
- Time: Evangelist preacher T. D. Jakes.
- SportsIllustrated: Sports Illustrated: no.9809
Which were the most popular books released in the last weeks ?
Remember when
What videogames would you be playing back in the days ?


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Executive Director
Street Yoga combines two of Richelle's passions: youth and yoga. She is avid about empowering our youth to succeed in their lives. Richelle worked for several years as a Counselor and Case Manager for youth with behavioral, psychological and substance abuse problems, helping them to improve their educational outcomes. She taught youth overseas in South Korea and Kuwait for several years and at Rainier Beach High School Brain Camp program here in Seattle. Richelle also created a leadership program for low-income youth to empower them within their own community to improve the social and economic well being of Camden, N.J. residents.
Richelle worked at Sound Generations where she was a Master Trainer in Stanford University's Living Well with Chronic Conditions program and managed several other programs in the Health and Wellness department throughout King County. She also managed the Dress for Success program at the YWCA. In addition, she has over 10 years' experience managing programs for low-income and homeless people living with HIV/AIDS, mental illness and substance abuse issues.
Yoga has been an interest of Richelle's since her teens. As an adult, she deepened her practice, while visiting India for two months and living at Swami Satchidananda's ashram/Yogaville for almost a year. Today, with over 13 years of a committed yogic practice, Richelle is a 200-hour Hatha yoga teacher, certified by the Integral Yoga Institute. The reason she became a yoga teacher is that she personally was healed through yoga.
Richelle is excited for the opportunity to offer yoga to support youth in their growth and healing.
Contact: richelleharrell@
Training and Outreach Director
Jillene's background is rich in strategy, advocacy and engagement, stemming from an exceptionally meaningful career in Federal Government. Complementing her professional success is a contemplative tapestry of yoga, mindfulness, and philanthropic contribution. Together, they bring a balance of competence and compassion that will help Street Yoga expand its ability to impact the lives of vulnerable and traumatized youth.
Jillene's background in yoga started in India more than ten years ago when she was certified as a Yoga Siromani at the Sivananda Yoga Vedanta Dhanwantari Ashram in Neyyar Dam. Steeped in Advaita Vedanta, she is a Jnana Yoga practioner whose knowledge and background have been expanded through continued training in Non-Violent Communications, Global Negotiation, Mindful Leadership, Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction, and Yoga for Healing.
Believing that being of service to others is the greatest possible gift we give ourselves, Jillene's philanthropic work has taken her from board member, to client adviser, to yoga sutra editor and beyond.
Contact: jillenemaccreery@
Marketing and Outreach Coordinator
Besides her occupational interest in marketing, Veronica has always been an active part of the community and for as long as she can remember has had a passion for children/youth. She was a scholarship recipient for her services as a volunteer tutor for ESL kids at the Boys and Girls Club in Kirkland and currently fills her spare time teaching Spanish at an after-school program at Pathfinder Elementary and teaching youth Snowboarding at The Summit in Snoqualmie.
Veronica found her love for yoga for its true encouragement to live authentically. She believes in the power of positivity and in the benefits of the practice. To be able to share her new found passion she pursued a certification as a children's yoga teacher. She believes in Street Yoga's mission and is honored to be a part of it, as she finds that her position merges the best of both worlds.
Contact: veronicaburgos@
Trainer, Founder
Mark Lilly is a mindfulness and communication trainer who has taught workshops all over North America to widely diverse audiences including physicians, nurses, social workers, police officers, therapists, mental health workers and countless others. Mark is the founder of Street Yoga, an internationally recognized non-profit which provides yoga and mindfulness classes to at-risk populations in Portland and Seattle.
Mark has extensive expertise in community- as well as hospital-based mindfulness practices, and is initiating Mindful Communication workshops for physicians, along with similar trainings for nurses and social workers. In addition to ongoing work with Street Yoga, he has developed the practice of Body-Mind Rehab Therapy, which he currently offers to pediatric inpatients recovering from significant illness or injury, at Portland's Emanuel Hospital. He is also co-creator of the Mindful Parents & Caregiver program which serves social workers and their client families with practical, everyday mindfulness.
Mark has developed many specialized mindfulness curricula in addition to the core and advanced Street Yoga trainings, including specialized work for young people recovering from sexual abuse, and workshops for adults moving through entrenched traumas or grappling with high-intensity communication situations.
For Mark, yoga is an everyday survival skill, a practice he has shared with thousands of youth through Street Yoga. He still lives with the tremors of traumas past and realizes the delicate line between suffering and awakening. His teaching emphasizes cultivation of the best within each of us by using the authentic stories and experiences that illuminate our being and drive our teaching to places of deep truthfulness.
Through it all, he brings a lightness and love to his teaching that is rooted in humility, grace and joy.
Katie Okun joined Street Yoga in 2004 as a volunteer teacher while also working professionally with teens in a local runaway shelter. She has taught yoga in a diverse array of settings including drop-in centers for homeless youth, chemical dependency treatment programs, residential facilities for undocumented youth, afterschool programs, and crisis shelters. Katie co-created the original Street Yoga teacher training in 2005, and since then, she has trained hundreds of volunteer yoga teachers in cities across the nation, providing her students with a rich and challenging learning environment. Katie has also been closely involved with Street Yoga's transition to Seattle and served on Street Yoga's local advisory board from 2008-2015.
As a Street Yoga trainer, Katie draws on nearly a decade of direct professional social work experience with runaway, homeless, and foster care youth. Her background in social work has provided a strong foundation for understanding the challenges facing her students and the skills for "meeting them where they are." After many years in the social work field, Katie is now transitioning to focus on anatomy and is completing her Doctorate in Physical Therapy at the University of Washington.
Katie has over a decade of experience teaching yoga to children, teens, and adults. She completed her 200-hour training in the ashtanga and Iyengar traditions in 2004 at Yoga Source with Sandra Pleasants and Jennifer Elliott. She has also taught at numerous conferences and workshops, including the Omega Institute's Being Yoga Conference, the National Health Care for the Homeless Conference, and the Northwest Yoga Conference.
Katie infuses her teaching with a calm, grounded, real-world approach to combining mindfulness and youth work. With her gentle and light-hearted approach, Katie strives to develop knowledge, confidence, and enthusiasm in all her students.
Ivy first found Street Yoga in 2011 shortly after moving to Portland. She was immediately moved by their mission and knew she wanted to be involved. She completed her training in March 2011, and has been a teacher with us ever since.
Ivy has worked in the mental health field since 2007 including wilderness therapy, residential treatment and outpatient counseling clinics. Her experience and teaching as a trainer draws from years of experience working with a variety of populations and ranges of concerns and presenting issues. Some of this includes homelessness and runaway youth, trauma recovery, intergenerational trauma, substance abuse/recovery, sexual and physical abuse, grief and loss, truancy, anxiety, depression, and family of origin issues. She also has experience developing trauma sensitive curriculum for an outdoor based therapy program she helped create. Along with her experience in mental health, Ivy draws from over ten years of a personal yoga practice and is a certified yoga teacher.
Jessica Gershwin began her professional career working as a teacher at an elementary school in East Harlem. While teaching, she was inspired to start an after-school yoga program in response to the high degree of stress and exhaustion that her students were experiencing. In 2011, Jessica earned her children's yoga teaching certificate and also completed the Street Yoga Training in New York City. It was during this inspiring training that Jessica's passion for teaching yoga to underserved communities was ignited.
Over the past 5 years, Jessica has worked to bring yoga, mindfulness, and self-care practices to children, youth, and adults who have experienced trauma in Denver, Colorado. She currently serves as a Bilingual Child and Family Therapist at the Denver Children's Advocacy Center, where she provides trauma therapy to children and teens and offers yoga groups for children, teens, and caregivers.
Jessica received a Master's in Education and a Master's in Social Work with a specialization in childhood trauma from the Silberman School of Social Work at Hunter College. She also completed professional training in Sensorimotor Psychotherapy, a somatically-based treatment approach designed to encouraged the release of trauma from the body. Jessica has taught yoga to children and youth in diverse settings, including public, private, and alternative schools, shelters, community centers, and outpatient mental health clinics. Jessica strives to fill her yoga classes with joy, authenticity, and and open heart so that each individual – child, teen, or adult – can experience a sense of unconditional belonging, empowerment, and self-discovery.


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In July, Americans turn their focus to freedom. Red, white, and blue. Independence. Flags flying. Physical freedom.
It's the perfect time to also focus on your spiritual freedom. If you're a Christ-follower, you're free. You've been given an amazing gift that should be celebrated even more than the freedom of a country.
Click over to Must Love God to read the rest of this post on celebrating your freedom.


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Ability to release multiple project (groups) simultaneously ----------------------------------------------------------- Key: CONTINUUM-1776 URL: http://jira.codehaus.org/browse/CONTINUUM-1776 Project: Continuum Issue Type: New Feature Reporter: Maria Catherine Tan To further simplify the release process, it should be possible to release a number of projects together. When this option is chosen, the releases will be done in a certain order, and the snapshot dependencies on other projects in the release group will be updated to the new release versions (much like a multimodule build). However, the projects need not be in the same build or SCM location. -- This message is automatically generated by JIRA. - If you think it was sent incorrectly contact one of the administrators: http://jira.codehaus.org/secure/Administrators.jspa - For more information on JIRA, see: http://www.atlassian.com/software/jira
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Posted by anonymous
Patricia, was nice but non aggressive. Many of my issuses and evidence she would not bring before the judge. She felt the judge didn't want to hear me "trash talk" the other party. But during the trail the judge didn't have a problem listening to the other party trash me, with hardly an objection from her. She felt the judge had already made his mind up about the outcome and attempt at a defence would only upset the Judge. In short, hire someone with more experience to handle your family court issuses. Don't waste your money or your chance in court by hiring Patricia.