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So much trouble caused by such a simple concept. When you create a will, you decide who receives your assets after you die. If you don't, the laws of the state you live in determine it. What happens when those laws aren't too clear? Chaos. And the Prince estate is experiencing it in full force.
Maybe it's fitting for the estate of the man who sang, "Let's Go Crazy."
Prince's estate — reported to be worth as much as $300 million dollars before taxes — is tied up in the early stages of a long battle over who really are his heirs. Still? Didn't the judge already resolve that months ago?
Originally, it appeared so. Dozens of people came forward claiming to be Prince's son, daughter, or other relative. The DNA did not support them, and the judge denied their claims. He determined that Prince's full sister and five half-siblings all qualified as heirs. He ordered the other two, a reported niece and grand-niece, to undergo DNA testing as well.So why is this turning crazy? The two claimed relatives admit they don't have a genetic relationship with Prince. But those involved in Prince's estate still cannot agree if the two might qualify as heirs or not.
The battle pits Prince's six recognized heirs on one side against the daughter and granddaughter of Prince's late "brother," Duane J. Nelson, Sr. Why "brother" in quote marks? Because this probate legal battle – which is just getting started – comes down to what "brother" really means. More specifically, how many different ways can you determine a parent-child relationship?
It doesn't seem like the concept should be difficult, right? If you and a male have at least one genetic parent in common, then he's your brother. Even without genetics, if there was a legal adoption, or other legally-recognized parent-child relationship, such as through assistive technology (a sperm donor, for example), then, once again, the matter is clear.
The difficulty comes down to other relationships that are murkier. What if your father called the man his son and was listed on his birth certificate as the dad, even though, biologically-speaking, he wasn't? And then what happens if they never lived together as parent and child, and the parent in question never supported the man financially, even though they called each other father and son?
Lots of questions with no clear cut answers — either in terms of what the law really means or what type of relationship Prince's father and Duane J. Nelson, Sr., really had when they were both alive. The only thing that is clear is that the Minnesota legal system will be dealing with lots of Prince craziness for years to come.
Of course, the enormity of dollars at stake intensify the feud. Prince was recently ranked by Forbes as the #5 top-earning deceased celebrity, bringing in $25 million and selling more albums than any other deceased musician in the last year. And those in charge of managing his estate have already turned his home into a museum and are reportedly shopping for a buyer for Prince's secret vault of unreleased music for $35 million — not to mention a planned greatest-hits album in the works. With this much money involved, you can bet that the recognized heirs and potential heirs won't stop fighting anytime soon.
The case comes down to whether Minnesota law recognizes a non-genetically related brother (who was never adopted, and not born of assistive technology) as a valid heir. Duane J. Nelson's descendants claim that a brother is still a brother, even without the genetic relationship, as long as the man and the father treated each other as parent and child. Prince's recognized heirs argue instead that the laws are limited to the defined categories of genetic relationship, adoption, and births created by assistive technology.
Can Minnesota's intestate laws really be that unclear? Since those laws serve as a will-substitute for people who die without wills, you would think that the legislature would have made those laws specific on the point of who is considered an heir and who isn't.
The Duane Nelson descendants have asked the probate court overseeing Prince's estate to hold a long and expensive trial so that they can prove that Nelson had a parent-child relationship with Prince's father. Prince's six recognized heirs contend that a trial — not to mention the countless hours that will be spent before trial through depositions, subpoenas, reviewing documents, etc., — would be a waste of time and money. They also fear that if the parent-child relationship is expanded beyond the recognized categories of biological relationship, adoption, and births by assistive technology, then it opens the door wide to all sorts of fights over people trying to prove a "parent-child" relationship.
Potentially, this could open the door back open to some of the dozens of claimants who were previously excluded on the basis of DNA. If Duane Nelson's descendants can go down this road, why not others?
The reality is that Minnesota's intestate laws aren't very clear on this point. The laws do list the specific circumstances when a parent-child relationship is clearly recognized, but leave just enough wiggle room with the language that the door might be open to establishing other parent-child relationships. The statutes do not outright state that no other parent-child relationship can create a basis for heirship in an intestate case. But they also do not state that other types of relationships can qualify.
So who is going to decide this and resolve the craziness? The probate judge overseeing the case gets the first crack at it. After he rules, the losing side will undoubtedly appeal the court's decision to the Minnesota Court of Appeals. After that, another appeal will be filed to the Minnesota Supreme Court. In other words, the question of what the Minnesota intestate laws really mean won't be decided for a period of years.
If the law is interpreted to allow other parent-child relationships, thereby opening the door to Nelson's descendants, then the battle will focus on whether Duane Nelson's relationship with Prince's father was close enough to count. That will turn on the testimony of dozens of witnesses and perhaps thousands of pages of documentary evidence. How many of Nelson's basketball games did Prince's father attend? What did he say to his friends and relatives? Who paid for what, when, and why?
Again, lots and lots of questions. The important ones do not have simple answers. And it all could have been avoided so easily, if Prince simply had created a will.
Know anyone who hasn't gotten around to making out his or her will yet? Maybe the person says he's too busy. Or maybe she's afraid to think about the concept of dying. Or maybe it's just a matter of getting to it "someday."
Do your friends and family members a favor. Tell them what kind of craziness can happen when someone dies without a will.
11/4/16 Update: The Judge has recently ordered that Nelson's descendants are not considered heirs of the Prince Estate because of the lack of genetic link. You can expect that they will appeal the ruling to the Court of Appeals, so this battle is far from over.
While the final Tom Clancy estate battle may not have been as exciting as the climactic scenes in The Hunt for Red October or Patriot Games, the struggle between author Tom Clancy's widow and four adult children over his $86 million estate is now over. The seven justices on the Maryland Court of Appeals (the highest court in Maryland) were asked to rule about what a key clause in the codicil to Clancy's will actually meant. While it was close — four votes to three — the ruling marked a decisive victory for Clancy's widow.
Considering that Tom Clancy is one of the best-selling authors of all time, it is ironic that the fight boiled down to how to interpret a clause in his estate planning documents that was written in an unclear manner.
The dispute centered around a provision in Clancy's second codicil (which means amendment) to his will. The will, originally signed in 2007, divided Clancy's assets into three trusts: one-third for his wife, another third for his wife to use while she was alive and then onto his daughter from that marriage, and the last one-third to be split between his four adult children from a prior marriage. You can read more details about his estate and how the dispute started in our prior article, Tom Clancy Estate In Family Fight Due To Poor Estate Planning.
Just weeks before he died at 66 from heart failure, Clancy signed the codicil, which included this key sentence: "No asset or proceeds of any assets shall be included in the Marital Share of the Non-Exempt Family Residuary Trust as to which a marital deduction would not be allowed if included."
Does this language seem a bit unclear to you? If so, you're not alone. The seven justices of Maryland's highest court were closely divided about what this language meant. The four who ruled in favor of Clancy's widow believed that this clause meant that all estate taxes from Tom Clancy's Estate would have to be paid by the children's trust, not the trusts containing her money, because that was the only way to fully protect the martial deduction to federal estate tax laws.
The other three justices sided with the children. They agreed that this clause was meant to protect the marital estate tax deduction yet felt it was not meant to alter another provision in Clancy's will that stated that the tax bill was to be paid equally from two of the trusts, not from the children's trust alone. In other words, they felt that the children should only pay one-half the tax bill, not all of it, and this clause did not alter the outcome. These justices felt that Tom Clancy wanted to protect the marital deduction but not to increase it at the expense of what his children would inherit.
Interestingly, the lawyer who drafted this codicil initially acted as executor of Tom Clancy's estate, and he sided with the children. This certainly suggests that the language was intended to apply as the children contended, but the law turns not on what was intended, but on what the documents actually say.
What does all this mean for Tom Clancy's heirs? The four children now have to pay an estate tax bill to the IRS of almost $12 million. If they had won, the total tax bill would have been closer to $16 million, but they would have split it with one of the trusts set up for Clancy's widow. So they lost $8 million, and the IRS lost out on about $4 million.
That's a lot of money in play over one awkward sentence. Ahh rich people, problems, right? Not so fast.
Clancy built his fortune on weaving words into compelling stories. But with one unclear clause in his estate planning documents — a clause that the drafting lawyer felt said something different than what the Court of Appeals ruled — Clancy's heirs were forced to battle in court for two years, with millions of dollars on the line. And it all would have been avoided if the language was clear.
Here's the lesson for all of us (millionaires and non-millionaires alike): What you intend your will or trust documents to say does not matter if they are written differently than what you meant. The wording of the documents, not what you tell your estate planning attorney, is the only thing that matters.
Battles like this do happen on a regular basis across our country. While millions of dollars of estate taxes aren't usually on the line, it's very common for poorly-drafted wills and trusts to lead to long, expensive battles among heirs who read the same language in different ways.
So how do you insure that your wishes are followed and prevent a fight like this happening to your heirs? First, work with an experienced estate planning attorney. Attorneys who specialize in estate planning are far less likely to prepare a confusing or contradictory document that those who don't. This doesn't mean that mistakes cannot happen, even by the best attorneys, but the chances are greatly reduced. Not all lawyers are the same, just like not all doctors are. It's far better to work with an estate planning specialist who comes with a strong recommendation.
Second, read your documents carefully before you sign them. Ask questions of your attorney; make sure you understand what everything means. If you have any doubts, you can always have a trusted professional or another attorney give you a second opinion. Taking the time to be careful and thorough is always a good idea, when it comes to estate planning.
If a fortune fight can happen to the estate of a man who made tens of millions of dollars through his words, it can happen to you too! Take your estate planning seriously and hire the best attorney you can … and even then read the documents carefully to make sure they say what you really intend.
Danielle and Andy Mayoras are co-authors of Trial & Heirs: Famous Fortune Fights! and attorneys with the Michigan law firm, Barron, Rosenberg, Mayoras & Mayoras, P.C. Click here to subscribe to their e-newsletter, The Trial & Heirs Update and learn more about their book. You can reach them at email@example.com
Muhammad Ali was never one to shy away from battles. From heavyweight champions in the boxing ring, to the United States Government, and to the ravaging effects of Parkinson's disease, Ali continued to fight. Now there are growing fears that the fight will follow him into the grave, with mounting reports of trouble on the horizon for his estate and his legacy.
The circumstances are ripe for an estate battle. Muhammad Ali fathered nine recognized children (including his adopted son from his most recent marriage) over the course of four different marriages. Estate disputes between the surviving spouse and children from prior marriages are the most common source of trouble in probate courts across our country. Add in the reality of Ali's long-standing struggles with Parkinson's disease -- which can have not only physical effects, but mental as well -- and there is a strong possibility that unhappy heirs may file challenges in court.
And, of course, there is the reality that so much money is on the line. Initial reports are that Muhammad Ali's fortune ranged between $50 million and $80 million. But that could just be the start. As Entertainment Tonight reported, the value of the champ's fortune could increase dramatically now that he is gone, just as happened with Elvis Presley, Whitney Houston, and Michael Jackson.Because of these circumstances, the early reports of potential estate fighting have to be taken seriously. Numerous websites, including Radar Online, have reported that Ali's only known biological son, Muhammad Ali, Jr., has been disgruntled ever since his father married Lonnie, wife number four, in 1986. Ali, Jr., claims that Lonnie cut him out of his father's life and rarely allowed him to visit. Ali, Jr., says he was living in poverty and is now trying to sell a tell-all book in hopes of cashing in on the difficult family dynamics. He also may file a court proceeding in the hopes of receiving an inheritance.
Muhammad Ali's second wife, Khalilah Camacho-Ali, recently told BET that she had to protect Ali from paternity suits during their marriage, comparing him to Arnold Schwarzenegger and Tiger Woods. She expects claims by illegitimate children to swamp Muhammad Ali's estate, saying, "They're going to come out of the woodwork like roaches."
And Maxim ran a story about a woman who says she had a 20-year relationship with Ali and is trying to sell a sex tape to the highest bidder. The woman claims she has a daughter with Muhammad Ali, but the Maxim story states that DNA proved otherwise in 1998.
Despite these reports -- which may only be the start -- all is not lost for the estate of the self-proclaimed "Greatest Of All Time." While no published reports have surfaced yet about whether Muhammad Ali had a will, trust, or other estate planning in place, we expect that to change soon. Muhammad Ali is believed to have created a will, and perhaps other estate planning documents, placing his fourth wife, Lonnie, in charge of his estate. This makes sense considering she is widely recognized for having helped manage his financial and business affairs throughout their marriage.
Several media outlets reported that Ali, with the help of an attorney and others, executed a very-detailed funeral and burial plan, which he reviewed carefully and changed over time. The plan was spelled out in a two-inch-thick "Book" that left no detail open to chance, from the identity of his pallbearers and speakers at his memorial service, to how and where he wanted to be laid to rest.
It would be hard to imagine that Ali would have taken such great care with his funeral plan without also protecting his wife, his other heirs, and his financial legacy with a will and other estate planning documents. It is only a matter of time before the extent of his planning is revealed.
When it is, the date that his estate planning documents were finalized will be of critical importance. The closer to his date of death, and the weaker he was when he signed the will or other legal documents, means the greater likelihood that disgruntled heirs or others can launch a meaningful challenge to the validity of the documents. Other details will be important too, like whether Ali worked with an experienced and reputable estate planning attorney.
And of course the wording of his will and/or trust documents will be of critical importance. Did Ali want everything to go to Lonnie, or something for his children? Or, given his charitable nature and publicly-stated beliefs that doing good meant more to him than amassing money, could Muhammad Ali have left a significant portion of his estate to charity? We will have to wait and see for details like this.
For example, most wills prepared by experienced estate planning lawyers include language disinheriting any unnamed children. If that is the case with Ali, then claims by illegitimate children -- even those with DNA proof on their side -- will likely fall short. Unlike Prince, whose estate is facing a potentially-overwhelming number of claims by those who say they are biological children, siblings, or otherwise related, Ali likely protected his heirs from this risk. Prince did not have a will, so anyone with the right DNA can inherit. Ali, on the other hand, appears to have addressed that problem by naming beneficiaries that he wanted to receive his wealth and excluded anyone else. If this is indeed the case, DNA alone will not allow those seeking money from the Ali Estate to cash in.
But they still can try. Lonnie, and any other executors appointed to serve with her, would still have to deal with claims from people looking for a piece of Muhammad Ali's fortune. Muhammad Ali, Jr., is not likely to go away quietly. The battles may be frequent and complicated. Yet, unlike with Prince, the estate complications will be much less if the suspected will and other estate planning documents are in place. That is, if they were done the right way and if Ali signed them before Parkinson's disease had an impact on his mental state.
The difference between the estates of Ali and Prince will be interesting to watch over time and will likely provide a valuable lesson. While good legal planning cannot avoid every estate fight, it can be the difference between a first-round knockout and a brutal contest that goes the distance. Hopefully confirmation will surface soon that Muhammad Ali's legacy and heirs are protected with good estate planning.
Danielle and Andy Mayoras are co-authors of Trial & Heirs: Famous Fortune Fights! and attorneys with the Michigan law firm, Barron, Rosenberg, Mayoras & Mayoras, P.C. Click here to subscribe to their e-newsletter, The Trial & Heirs Update and learn more about their book. You can reach them at firstname.lastname@example.com
Prince died without a will. So did Tupac Shakur, Bob Marley, and many other legendary musicians. Snoop Dogg doesn't even want a will.
The question is: Why?
It seems like such a basic concept; everyone needs a will. Otherwise the laws of the state you live in determine who receives your assets and controls your legacy after you die. Without a will, you have no say in what happens, and the chances of a family fight increase dramatically.
Even though a will is relatively simple to create, studies consistently show that between 60% and two-thirds of adult Americans don't have a will. All states recognize a "holographic" will, which is one in your own hand-writing. They are perfectly valid as long as a couple basic conditions are met. This is not to say they are perfect by any means, but usually better than nothing. And most lawyers can create a basic will for a few hundred dollars or even less.
Even when an estate is modest is size, dying intestate -- without a will -- is never a good idea. So why don't more adults have wills -- including a surprising number of the extremely-wealthy?
These musical superstars highlight important lessons about why so many people fail to create a will before they die:
The artist originally known, then formerly known, and then known again as Prince, reportedly developed a deep distrust of professionals, including lawyers. He felt he had been burned earlier in his career by signing legal documents, so a stream of professionals was unable to convince Prince Rogers Nelson to sign important legal documents like a will.
The result? His heirs and his legacy are in for trouble with what will likely be an expensive and drawn-out court fight over his vast fortune and musical legacy.
The first battle over the Prince Estate will be to determine who Prince's heirs actually are. This morning, a man named Carlin Q. Willliams filed the first official paternity claim, based on his mother's affidavit saying she met Prince in July of 1976. One thing led to another, and nine months later, Carlin was born. A DNA test will come next, based on blood samples already preserved from Prince's body.
This paternity claim is just the beginning of the long road for the Prince Estate, trying to determine who should receive Prince's money. If Prince had done a simple will, his instructions would have dictated who received what. Paternity tests would not have been necessary.
Sadly, Prince's distrust of professionals means that a large chunk of his fortune will be spent paying legions of professionals while his heirs (both actual and potential) try to sort out the mess he left behind.
Tupac was tragically gunned-down at the young age of 25. At the time, his estate had more debt than actual money, although it obviously had great earning potential with the royalties yet to start flowing. Given Tupac's youth, it's hard to fault him for not thinking of his estate planning. But because he didn't, Tupac's estate faced a mountain of debt, countless creditor claims, and a court battle for a share of his fortune by his "dead-beat dad."
The good news is that his mother, Afeni Shakur, learned from his lack of estate planning and reportedly set up a trust to make sure that Tupac's legacy will be well protected. Afeni recently died, but not before she oversaw the growth of the Tupac Shakur estate into an enterprise worth around $40 to $50 million, with earnings approaching $1 million annually to this day.
Because Afeni set up a trust to manage the Tupac legacy outside of the court process, no fighting is expected -- even though Afeni was in the midst of a divorce when she died. She chose Tom Whalley, the former head of Warner Bros. Records, to protect Tupac's legacy. Without good estate planning, the Tupac legacy certainly would have been subjected to another fortune fight in court.
Bob Marley lived his life following the Rastafarian beliefs. Yet he was no financial novice. When he died from cancer at age 36 in 1981, Marley was said to be worth $30 million and had set up a number of corporations.
Marley believed he was not able to create a will, because doing would so cause him to recognize his own mortality. This would be contrary to the Rastafarian faith. As a result, his estate has been dragged through court for years, with a corporation run by his widow and children in control.
Bob Marley's heirs have become adept at fighting in court over his image, likeness, name, and his legacy -- including suing to stop Marley's half-brother from selling "Mama Marley" fish. Yet those same heirs have repeatedly sold Marley's image and name for profit.
Would Marley have wanted his legacy to be used this way? Would it have been consistent with his Rastafarian beliefs? In the eyes of the law, it doesn't matter what he would have wanted, because he never created a will.
The male half of the famed duo, Sonny and Cher, Sonny Bono had more reasons than most musicians to take care of his estate planning. After his singing career ended, Sonny went on to become the mayor of Palm Springs and then a United States Congressman. He died in a tragic skiing accident at age 62, leaving behind a wife and four children. Or was it five?
After his widow filed to open Sonny's estate -- intestate because there was no will -- another man came forward and said he was Sonny's child from a prior relationship. The man claimed Sonny admitted to the affair with his mother in Sonny's autobiography. He convinced the probate court to allow DNA testing.
After the results came back, the man went away quickly and quietly -- either with a cash settlement out of court, or with nothing because he didn't have the right DNA. The public records don't reveal the answer.
But one thing is clear -- with even a simple will Sonny Bono could have chosen to include or exclude any children born outside of marriage, without subjecting his heirs to an emotional court fight. As a Congressman, Sonny Bono should have known better and taken steps to be prepared ahead of time. His only excuse is a poor one, yet all too common.
No one should procrastinate with estate planning. No one is promised tomorrow.
Why is a musician who is still alive included in this list? The famed rapper and actor, Snoop Dogg, was asked by a Business Insider reporter if, unlike Prince, did he have a will? Snoop's answer: "I don't give a f--- when I'm dead. What am I gonna give a f--- about?"
In fact, Snoop Dogg said he hoped to come back as a butterfly and be able to watch people fighting over his money.
Apparently it's safe to say that Snoop Dogg, like Prince, does not have a will. It's also safe to say that most people with money don't want their loved ones to fight after they've gone.
Estate planning is an act of love for those you care most about. People don't create wills for themselves, they do it for those they leave behind. Your spouse, children, and other loved ones will already face a difficult time when you die. So why make it harder for them by increasing the cost, inconvenience, and chances of a family fight if you don't have a will?
Unless you want them to fight, like Snoop Dogg. If that's the case, then these five talented musicians can serve as good estate-planning role models for you.
Danielle and Andy Mayoras are co-authors of Trial & Heirs: Famous Fortune Fights! and attorneys with the Michigan law firm, Barron, Rosenberg, Mayoras & Mayoras, P.C. Click here to subscribe to their e-newsletter, The Trial & Heirs Update and learn more about their book. You can reach them at firstname.lastname@example.com
Only a very few pop artists enjoyed lasting careers as diverse, colorful, and successful as David Bowie. He remained fascinating and on the cutting-edge, up until the very end, in ways that extended far beyond making music.
Bowie, whose real name was David Robert Jones (and who didn't want to be confused with Davy Jones), passed away from liver cancer a mere two days after the release of his latest album, Blackstar, on his 69th birthday. Knowing that his cancer was terminable, many people believe Bowie intended his last album -- featuring lyrics about mortality -- to be a farewell. In fact, the song Lazurus begins with the line, "Look up here, I'm in heaven," and ends with, "Oh, I'll be free ... Just like that bluebird ... Oh, I'll be free ... Ain't that just like me?"
It's fair to say there was no one else like David Bowie. He was truly one-of-a-kind, from his iconic music, various personas, and his ever-adapting image, to his finances.
Through the 1970's and 80's, Bowie reportedly struggled financially, even nearing bankruptcy. He hints at his financial difficulties, again through the lyrics of Lazurus, singing, "By the time I got to New York ... I was living like a king ... Then I used up all my money." Bowie married his second wife, Iman, in 1992 and moved to New York just afterwards. A few years after that, he took control of his financial legacy through a move now considered to be revolutionary.
With the help of investment banker David Pullman, Bowie sold a stake in his catalogue of music. Instead of outright selling his songwriting, performance, and licensing rights to his many successful songs, in 1997 Pullman helped Bowie create "Bowie Bonds." Through these, Bowie sold – for $55 million – a 10-year investment, which operated like an annuity, providing a fixed-rate of return of 7.9%. The payouts where secured by all of David Bowie's royalties and copyrights from the music.
Prudential Insurance Co. of America purchased the Bowie Bonds and was paid off in full during the 10-year time frame. This is despite the change in the music industry brought about by Napster and similar internet-based music distribution, which dramatically reduced royalties available to song writers and performers.
Pullman was recently interviewed about the financial creativeness that allowed Bowie to achieve security for the rest of his life. Pullman said Bowie did the arrangement, not to protect himself, but for his family, including his wife Iman, their daughter, Alexandria, who is now 15, and Bowie's son from his first marriage, film producer Duncan Jones. Pullman said that Bowie was interested in estate planning at a young age and wanted to make sure that his assets passed onto his family. He did the Bowie Bonds transaction both for tax savings and so that his estate would benefit from his music catalog.
According to reports, Iman will likely receive the lion's share of Bowie's financial empire, which is estimated to be in the neighborhood of $200 million, before factoring in the expected spike in sales that inevitably occur when an iconic singer passes. David Bowie's two children will each also receive substantial bequests.
At this time, the details of Bowie's estate plan have not been made public. Given the reports about Bowie's advanced planning and financial foresight, it is likely that he used one or more revocable or irrevocable trusts. If so, not only could Bowie have maximized the value of assets passing onto his heirs in the most tax-efficient manner permitted by law, but also his assets could pass privately, without the public scrutiny that goes along with probate court. In other words, the public may never know the specifics of how Bowie's assets will be distributed.
Many musicians fail to do proper estate planning, often relying only on a will, which becomes a public document once it is filed with the probate court after death. Or even worse, many have no estate planning at all. For example, the Celebrity Legacies documentary series on Reelz explores the estates and legacies of various celebrities, and it is shocking how many musicians featured on the show have either failed to do any estate planning, or relied on woefully inadequate planning. For example, the heirs of John Lennon, Tupac Shakur, Jim Morrison, and Kurt Cobain all went through messy estate battles that could have been prevented if those music legends had used the same foresight as David Bowie apparently did.
David Bowie's well-planned estate should serve as a lesson for everyone else. Follow his lead and plan for your loved ones at a young age; don't wait until it is too late. Work with an experienced estate planning attorney and protect your legacy for your heirs.
Danielle and Andy Mayoras are co-authors of Trial & Heirs: Famous Fortune Fights! and attorneys with the Michigan law firm, Barron, Rosenberg, Mayoras & Mayoras, P.C. Click here to subscribe to their e-newsletter, The Trial & Heirs Update and learn more about their book. You can reach them at email@example.com
Tupac Shakur was well-known for his "Thug" image, his rap prowess, and his many Tupac Shakur's estateconflicts -- leading up to the tragic shooting that took his life at age 25. So should anyone be surprised at the high number of legal battles involving Tupac Shakur's estate? Or that Shakur could continue to be a pioneer in rap music, even years after his death?
This is installment #17 of our Estate Planning Lessons From The Stars series, which is based on the Celebrity Legacies TV show for which we provide commentary as the estate legal experts. See other articles in the series here.
Tupac Shakur came to fame in large part due to his battles with police, inspiring lyrics in his first solo release so violent that Dan Quayle publicly denounced them -- building Shakur's "Thug" image in the process. In the same time frame, he was arrested five times for violent crimes, leading to numerous criminal charges and civil lawsuits, culminating in a confrontation during which he was shot multiple times. The very next day, Tupac was sentenced to prison for molestation.
Lawsuits and conflicts continued to plague him throughout his career, until he was shot and killed in 1996. Yet his rap music career flourished, in large part through the help of record label Death Row. As a result, despite the many legal troubles, Tupac's estate was valued at $40 to $50 million and his albums sold more than 75 million copies worldwide.
So, predictably, his estate spawned countless lawsuits, including a feud over royalties with Death Row -- which claimed his estate owed millions back to it despite more than $70 million worth of album sales -- dozens of creditors, and even an estate battle between his mother and his absentee father.
Shaker's father last saw him as a child when he was only five years old and re-entered his life, after Tupac became famous, a few years before his death. Despite not knowing Tupac for most of his life, the elder Shakur sued for half of the estate.
Tupac never created a will and he died intestate. This means that his parents, under California law, would equally split his assets. But Tupac's mother initially claimed that the father had died. When DNA testing proved that to be untrue, the case went to trial about whether the father had done enough to support and spend time with his son.
The evidence at trial showed that the only documented support the father provided was $820, a bag of peanuts, and a ticket to "Rollerball." Under California law, a father who was not married to the mother can only inherit as an intestate heir if he had a substantial relationship with the child and provided monetary support.
With little more than DNA to support his claim, Tupac's father lost the trial. The judge, not surprisingly, felt that the relationship and support were not substantial enough to treat the father as an heir. The lawyer for Tupac's mother applauded the ruling as a victory against "dead-beat dads." The father's attorney vowed to appeal.
Reportedly, before the appeal, a settlement was reached to buy the father's interest out for about $900,000. But the deal was struck only when Shakur's father agreed to forgo all rights to use Tupac's name or likeness. Those rights were not governed by the same California state law that was designed to stop a "dead-beat dad" from inheriting assets through an estate with no will.
The release of image rights was an important part of the deal. In fact, the surprise -- and ground-breaking -- appearance by a 3-D Tupac Shakur hologram to perform on stage at Coachella in 2012 might never have happened if Tupac's father could have withheld consent. Because Tupac's mother was in favor of the hologram (in exchange for a donation to Tupac's charitable foundation), Shakur became a trail-blazer as the first deceased performer to appear on stage as a hologram.
While many of the battles involving Tupac Shakur's estate could not have been prevented, the biggest one was easily avoidable. If Tupac had simply created a will -- even a hand-written one -- then his mother would not have had to battle his "deadbeat dad" for a share of the Estate.
It's a good lesson not to procrastinate with estate planning. Anyone with assets of significance -- even 25-year-old rappers -- should start with at least a basic will so that the loved ones they want can receive their assets.
Celebrity Legacies is a documentary series airing on the Reelz cable channel featuring Danielle and Andy Mayoras and other experts. The popular TV show explores the lives, legacies, and estates of a different celebrity each episode. Click here for upcoming show times.
Danielle and Andy Mayoras are co-authors of Trial & Heirs: Famous Fortune Fights! and attorneys with the Michigan law firm, Barron, Rosenberg, Mayoras & Mayoras, P.C. Click here to subscribe to their e-newsletter, The Trial & Heirs Update and learn more about their book. You can reach them at email@example.com
What better way to start the new year than by counting down Trial & Heirs Top Ten Celebrity Legal Battles of 2015, complete with lessons?
1. Bill Cosby vs. many woman - Andrea Constad is one of dozens of women who have sued Cosby for defamation, accusing the comedian and actor of lying when he denied sexually abusing them years ago. In Constad's civil lawsuit, Cosby's deposition was unsealed, revealing that he admitted giving women quaaludes and having intercourse with them. He says both the drug use and sex were consensual. Recently, a Pennsylvania district attorney brought charges against Cosby for sexual assault based on the 2004 encounter with Constad.
Lesson: When victims of assault or other injuries wait too long, they lose the right to sue under the statute of limitations. The specific length of time varies based on what state the events happened in and what type of claim is brought. That's why most of the accusers are suing Cosby for defamation, rather than sexual assault. Even criminal cases have a time limitation on when cases can be brought. This new criminal case against Cosby was brought not long before the 12-year statute of limitations expired. Anyone who feels they have a claim to sue, for assault or any other reason, should act promptly and not wait until it is too late.
Lesson: When an older child has a preference about whom he or she wants to live with, the child's wishes carry a lot of weight, but the judge ultimately will decide the issue based on the best interests of the child. Parents in custody battles should take older children's wishes into account when trying to resolve these issues out of court.
3. Charlie Sheen vs. Brett Rossi - Rossi, who says she was Sheen's fiancee, became the first to sue Sheen alleging that he had intercourse with her without disclosing that he was HIV positive. She says that she and Sheen reached a settlement at one point, but Sheen allegedly backed out of the deal, instead going public about his diagnosis. Rossi is expected to be followed by many other sex partners filing claims against Sheen related to his condition.
Lesson: The legal waters for a lawsuit by someone based on an unwilling HIV exposure are murky when the person exposed has not tested positive for HIV. Sheen's attorneys will argue there should be no compensation based on a risk of possible HIV development without actual HIV. With Sheen's celebrity status, wealth, and reportedly-active sexual lifestyle, many women will be watching Rossi's lawsuit, hoping to follow her lead.
4. Sofia Vergara vs. Nick Loeb - The Modern Family star was sued by her ex-fiancee, who claims that she abused and forced him to sign a form allowing for frozen embryos to be destroyed if the couple chose not to implant them. Loeb, recently joined in the case by right-to-life groups, says that the embryos should be treated as people and given the right to live. Vergara wants to live her life without being attached to Loeb and feels that it would be irresponsible to bring the embryos to term because they are no longer together as a couple. Her lawyers tried to dismiss the lawsuit early on, but their efforts failed -- setting up a potentially emotional and politically-charged trial for sometime in 2016.
Lesson: No one should ever sign a form without reading and understanding it. Because potential lives were involved, Loeb should not have signed the form if he did not fully agree to it. His claim of being forced into by Vergara is a long-shot.
5. Robin Williams' widow vs. his children - The battle over Robin Williams' Trust was settled after mediation, months of negotiations, and many shots fired back and forth in the media. Williams' widow, Susan Williams, said she was forced to start a court proceeding when the trustees would not allow her to receive the personal property that Robin wanted her to have. She also asked for a court ruling to force the trustees to set aside a certain sum of money for her future living expenses. Williams' children and trustees contended that they followed the terms of the Trust and the lawsuit was not necessary.
Lesson: Williams' Trust was detailed and well-thought out, which resulted in a less extensive (and expensive) court battle than would have happened if his estate planning wasn't so thoughtful. The best chances to minimize an estate battle is with proper estate planning. While no one can guarantee their heirs won't fight, they certainly can help their loved ones by carefully documenting their final wishes.
6. Donald Sterling vs. Shelly Sterling, the NBA, V. Stiviano and others - Angered by his wife's efforts to have Donald Sterling declared incompetent, allowing her to sell his beloved Clippers, Sterling fought back with lawsuits against her, the NBA, TMZ, and the woman who started the storm by tape-recording him, V. Stiviano. The lawsuit for invasion of privacy against TMZ and Stivsano was recently dropped, but Sterling's suit continues against his wife, two doctors, and the NBA for conspiring against him to force the sale of the team. Interestingly, his wife's lawsuit against the former girlfriend was more successful, resulting in a court judgment against Stiviano for the $2.6 million in gifts that Sterling gave away without his wife's consent.
Lesson: It's never easy taking action against someone elderly who you feel is no longer mentally competent. Family battles, including lawsuits, are not uncommon. It's important to work with an experienced elder law attorney if faced with having to take similar action as Donald Sterling's wife.
7. Bobbi Kristina Brown's Estate vs. Nick Gordon - Shortly before Whitney Houston's daughter, Bobbi Kristina, died, her court-appointed attorney filed a lawsuit against Nick Gordon accusing him of causing the injuries that ultimately killed her. The lawsuit alleges he physically abused her the night she was rendered comatose and stole $11,000 from her bank account while she was in the coma. Gordon opposes the lawsuit and recently filed a motion asking the judge to dismiss the case.
Lesson - Whitney Houston made a classic estate planning blunder and left millions to Bobbi Kristina at a young age. According to the allegations in the lawsuit (which are in dispute), Gordon was after the money and that led to Bobbi Kristina's death. If that's true, then better estate planning -- to better protect Bobbi Kristina's money -- may have insulated her.
8. Kaley Cuoco vs. Ryan Sweeting - The female lead of The Big Bang Theory was smart to sign a prenuptial agreement with her tennis-player-husband, but that hasn't stopped him from asking for spousal support in their divorce proceeding. Sweeting argues that he needs support because injuries have derailed his playing career, but Cuoco wants the prenuptial agreement to be enforced. Cuoco was tied with Sofia Vergara as the highest-earning TV actress of 2015, bringing in $28.5 million.
Lesson: A prenuptial agreement is always a good idea for high-earning spouses, when one spouse has more assets than the other, or in the case of any second (plus) marriage. While it didn't eliminate a divorce battle for Cuoco and Sweeting, it certainly will help minimize the fighting and allow Cuoco to keep more of her Big Bang earnings.
9. Marvin Gaye's Heirs vs. Robin Thicke and Pharrell Williams - Gaye's heirs won a $7.4 jury verdict against Thicke and Williams for copyright infringement (later reduced to $5.3 million). The jury felt that the hit song, Blurred Lines, was too similar to Gaye's Motown hit Got to Give It Up. Marvin Gaye died without a will, so he did not hand-pick an executor of his estate. Interestingly, his estate did not participate in the lawsuit, leaving the heirs unable to pursue a claim for the performance royalties. The heirs' victory would have been even bigger otherwise; lucky for them federal law passed the songwriting royalties to the heirs directly so Gaye's lack of estate planning didn't keep them from pursuing their case. Thick and Williams have appealed and the jury verdict could be overturned if their appeal succeeds.
Lesson - No one with any level of assets should be without a will. Gaye's failure to create a will could have cost his heirs, big time.
10. Gwen Stefani vs. Gavin Rossdale - Without a prenuptial agreement, Rossdale (worth a reported $20 million) sought at least half of Stefani's $120 million fortune. Stefani accused Rossdale of cheating and being lazy, and Rossdale fought for primary custody and child support for their three young sons. Not long after the divorce appeared to get ugly, the couple resolved their differences with a settlement that reportedly allowed Stefani to share joint custody and keep more than half of the marital assets, although exact figures were not reported.
Lesson -- It's always smart for parties battling in court -- whether it be for divorce, over an estate, or any other type of monetary dispute -- to settle before the dispute gets out of hand. This isn't easy when emotions run high in cases like this, but it's better to compromise and walk away than fight to the bitter end. Experienced lawyers can help steer parties towards resolution and prevent conflicts from turning into all-out war.
Danielle and Andy Mayoras are co-authors of Trial & Heirs: Famous Fortune Fights! and attorneys with the Michigan law firm, Barron, Rosenberg, Mayoras & Mayoras, P.C. Click here to subscribe to their e-newsletter, The Trial & Heirs Update and learn more about their book. You can reach them at email@example.com


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Icad Computer Institute
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Connecting Families to Senior Living
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Facility License: D2506
Caretypes Provided: Residential Care Home
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Morning Glory is an Assisted Living Residence in Fyffe, Alabama. We provide exceptional care to those who are no longer able to live alone or who prefer to live in a safe, comfortable, assisted environment. We are here to provide a home close to friends and family when you need it most. Enjoy retirement living in a comfortable and caring home that promotes physical, emotional and spiritual well-being. Each day is filled with top-notch care, engaging activities, delicious and nutritionally balanced meals, and a variety of interesting projects or events to enjoy. Morning Glory is nestled in a relaxed and natural setting. We are convenient to churches, doctors, and most of all, family and friends. You will enjoy the companionship of intelligent, vibrant, and caring neighbors in a home that is full of life. At Morning Glory, we understand that each resident is a unique individual. Members of our trained and courteous staff are available around the clock to meet every need in a caring and compassionate way. Personal services are delivered with privacy in mind. We work together with you, your family and physician to design a care plan that meets your needs while encouraging your independence. Nothing is more important to the management at Morning Glory than your satisfaction. We want Morning Glory to be your home for many years and are committed to providing top notch service to you. Morning Glory Assisted Living has been caring for your loved ones in a comfortable and secure home since early 2000.
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But the name Philip Morris isn't going away entirely. Philip Morris still will be used for Altria's tobacco companies, Philip Morris International and Philip Morris USA. Its food group will continue to be called Kraft Foods.
Shares also will continue to be listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the company's old symbol, MO (MO).
"This name change is entirely cosmetic in nature," said Martin Feldman, tobacco industry analyst at Merrill Lynch. "We would not expect it to have any impact on the company's equity valuation. The cost of implementing this change is described by the company as immaterial," he said.
"The change (to Altria) brings better clarity to the corporate structure — the relationship of the parent to its operating companies," the company said in a statement. "These operating companies will continue to grow such globally recognized brands as Marlboro, Kraft, Parliament, Oreo, Ritz, Virginia Slims and Oscar Mayer."
Chairman and Chief Executive Louis Camilleri said in a message to workers made public by the company that the name change was "an important milestone" in the evolution of the company.
"It doesn't signify an end or a beginning," he said. "Rather, it marks how far we have come and gives us a framework for how much further we aim to go."
He noted that companies sometimes are criticized for changing their name, but said he believed in this case "this is the right thing to do and the right time to do it."
The move was immediately criticized by Infact, a corporate watchdog group that favors international tobacco controls. It termed the name change "a PR maneuver meant to distance the corporation's image from its deadly business practices."
Contributing: Reuters


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What type of revision surgery will be needed to correct this? (photos)
Doctor Answers 3
Asymmetry Correction
Breast asymmetry is the condition when both breasts are not equal in size. In men, gynecomastia can include Breast asymmetry is the condition when both breasts are not equal in size. In men, gynecomastia can include only one or both breasts. Unilateral gynecomastia occurs when only one breast is larger due to gynecomastia, while the other breast is typically normal in both size and shape. Bilateral Asymmetry occurs when gynecomastia is present in both breasts, although each to a different degree. The amount of glandular tissue can affect the size, shape, and location on the chest wall of the enlarged area, the size of the areolas, and protrusion and diameter of the nipples.
Unequal or unilateral gynecomastia is not an uncommon condition. It is more significant when there are very noticeable differences between the two breasts. Often in this case, individuals who suffer from extreme unilateral gynecomastia have experienced severe psychological effects and developed intense social anxiety. The large, and unequal breast may also interfere with developing intimate, personal relationships. Men who develop even mild cases of gynecomastia can suffer from low self-esteem, as well as depression.
Like women, most men have breasts of slightly differing size and shape. Usually, the degree of difference between the two breasts is not severe. Through a study of his patients, however, more than 80% of male breasts are not symmetrical, but the severity varies greatly from patient to patient. Patients should take this into consideration while examining their chests prior to surgery.
In addition to correcting the difference between breast sizes, the areola often shrinks when gynecomastia excision is performed. In more pronounced cases, the areola may even be larger. When the glandular tissue is removed, the areola symmetry may improve.
It may just be your best option to have the excision re-performed with attention to the overall asymmetry. Be sure to address these questions in consultation with a board certified plastic surgeon before scheduling a procedure.
Learn more: http://www.horowitzmd.com/male-plastic-surgery-newport-beach/gynecomastia/
Dr. Corbin
Learn more: http://www.gynecomastiaexpert.com
Extra skin
Learn more: http://www.artisanofbeauty.com/breast-procedures-beverly-hills/breast-reduction/
You might also like...
These answers are for educational purposes and should not be relied upon as a substitute for medical advice you may receive from your physician. If you have a medical emergency, please call 911. These answers do not constitute or initiate a patient/doctor relationship.


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The Switch announced the launch of its next-generation drive trains for energy efficient power generation and propulsion of merchant vessels. By combining The Switch's permanent magnet and frequency converter technology, this opens up all-new opportunities for hybrid propulsion systems in the shipping sector.
Next generation electrical drive trains based on permanent magnet (PM) technology from The Switch, provide advanced control with a permanent magnet motor and a frequency converter as the major components. The controller acts as the brains for energy efficiency, keeping the network stable regardless of external conditions, such as waves, speed and other influential factors.
This game-changing solution enables vessels to produce electricity with better efficiency for the entire ship's network, lower costs by keeping auxiliary generators off – and allow the main engines to operate at variable speed and generate electricity. In total, it represents major operational savings for vessels with 4-stroke, but in particular 2-stroke engines, and helps to comply with future environmental legislations.
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Casting Couch: Chance Summerlin has been a big fan of porn and an even bigger fan of Dirty Tony for a long time. He likes how dominant and aggressive the tops are, because he's very submissive and subservient. His olive complexion is complemented by a thick mane of black hair and nicely groomed beard. Sitting on the couch in his baby blue button down, he seems confident and excited about his porn debut. He casually reaches for his crotch and begins the slow caress. As he unbuttons his shirt, his smooth slim figure is even more evident. He licks his finger before going in for a nipple workout. Getting a little more comfortable, he lays across the sofa and reaches underneath his underwear to give a good tug on his thickening meat. Finally, he whips out his cock and begins stroking happily. He moves onto his knees with his curvy ass toward the camera. This sexy otter is definitely in tune with his hole as he reaches back, teasing and caressing, then fingering the pucker. Flopping back onto the sofa with his legs spread wide, Chance looks quite at home on the casting couch. He begins to jerk furiously as his legs tense. Suddenly he begins to moan and finally release a load of spunk onto his taut stomach. He's ready to get to work and service a hot top ASAP.
Length: 205 MiB
Duration: 16mn 25s 633ms
Video: AVC at 1 511 Kbps,Aspect: 1280 x 720 (1.778) at 30.000 fps
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Albion House – an EcoLiving Centre
KHD recently supplied Albion Community House – an EcoLiving Centre with Porous Paving for the front yard, southern walkway and rear entry areas of the building.
The KHD Porous Paving is a low maintenance permeable paver which allows water to be absorbed into the paver which reduces flood and slip risk. KHD supplied 80 meters of 300 x 300 x 75 mm Porous Paving in the Bluestone colour.
The project was a partnership between Brimbank City Council and Victoria University, with financial support from the Victorian Government's Sustainability Fund. The EcoLiving Centre will provide support to households and businesses who wish to make greener, smarter choices to improve energy, water efficiency and waste generation.
Porous Paving was chosen because it responded to the brief of using as many sustainable products and approaches as possible. Using Porous Paving supports a greener approach to landscaping.
Porous Paving is available in a variety of colours and customised sizes.
The original blog post can be found here.
KHD supplies natural stone, timber decks, green roofs, green walls, and landscape engineering products such as drainage and soil stabilisation.Learn more
Head Office
KHD Landscape Engineering Solutions
1279 Malvern Rd
Malvern, Vic, 3144
Phone: 03 9822 2...


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Inspired in part by Fayth3's "Hyperthermia" (Fiction Rated: T -- s/3202807/1/ added to fanfiction home page address) and can be viewed as a prequel, but is in no way officially so. 'Iciclon' and similarities are used with Fayth3's permission.
The Doctor, Rose, and the TARDIS are clearly not mine and borrowed for the sole purpose of harmless entertainment. Well… mostly harmless.
Skate Laces
"I can, too, skate!"
The Doctor's had asked Rose where she wanted to go next, and when she had stood there, leaning against the console with one arm and seeming to not be coming up with an answer any time soon, he had offered her several ideas. Rose had considered them while her eyes idly followed the curves of one of the artistic, angled pylons that supported the large dome of the TARDIS' console room. One of the places he mentioned was all frozen and icy, and it gave Rose the idea of ice skating. When she had mentioned it to him, the Doctor had pulled a face that implied he was more than a little disinterested in the idea.
At first, Rose had backed off, but when his sulky attitude had remained, she could tell he was still thinking about it. Rose had then narrowed her eyes and accused him of not wanting to go because he couldn't skate.
"Really, I can. Brilliantly, actually. I skate loops around the best of them. Mind you," the Doctor's prideful boasting took pause, "I haven't had any experience in this regeneration, but I'd pick it up quick, no doubt."
"So, we're going, then, yeah?" Rose bounced on the balls of her feet.
The Doctor made that face again, wrinkling his nose up in a lopsided grimace. "Rose, why do you wanna go skating?" He produced the word like it was boredom defined. "With all the things to do in the universe, you want to go tottering around on some big frozen puddle?"
"Honestly?" Rose planted her hands on her hips and fastened a glare on him. "I think it would be nice, for a change, to do something fun. Something that doesn't require running for our lives, saving the world we happen to be on, or blowing up some ravenous alien."
Hands in pockets, the Doctor's expression fell into a rather insulted-looking frown. "That's not fun?" he mumbled meekly.
Rose pinched the bridge of her nose before looking at him again, now appearing apologetic. "That's not what I'm saying. I mean, I wouldn't use the word 'fun'. It's exciting and all that, and I wouldn't miss it for the world, but I want to do something, just you and me, that's safe. Just for once, you know? We can go back to exploding space stations tomorrow."
"Safe?" The Doctor scoffed, and then launched characteristically into tirade mode. "Safe? I'll have you know skating is highly dangerous. Boring, yeah, but very, very dangerous! I can't believe parents let their kids zip around on shoes with blades sticking out of them. Some kid falls down, trips another, and he loses valuable brain matter! Really, Rose, I can't believe you'd actually suggest it."
Rose pulled her arms up to weave together across her chest. "You just said you were a master at it! Why would you spend so much time at something you think is stupid?"
The Doctor mimicked her stance and crossed his arms, peering at her as if she were daft. "I told you, it's dangerous if you don't know what you're doing. I have experience, and as such, I'm telling you, it's bloody boring!"
"Nah," Rose let her arms flop and was shaking her head, a grin growing on her face. "You can't do it. You're just talking rubbish 'cause you figure if we have a go, I'll see that you're worse than I am."
"Oi!" The Doctor's stubborn frown made Rose giggle. She knew it! Sometimes, it was so easy to see right through him.
Rose pounced, tugging at his sleeve. "C'mon, we'll have fun!"
"All right, all right," he ceded through his teeth, sounding annoyed. "If that's what you wanna do, we'll do it." The Doctor tore his arms apart and pointed at his chest. "But I pick the spot." He moved to hover over the console and started throwing switches and smacking buttons, his tone turning more cheerful. "If we're going somewhere frozen, we might as well do it right. Iciclon, beautiful place. Longest winter in the universe. Nice and safe. Stay away from the snow cones." He turned to shake a finger at Rose. "I'm going nice and easy on you, so stay with me. I won't have your inexperience 'causing you to break your head, all right? I like you better with both eyes."
I'm eager for reviews, no matter how short. Reviews are chapter fuel.


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Nothing says spring like a bright flash of colour and these ballet pumps from Michael Kors are the perfect addition to your new-season wardrobe. Made from fine Saffiano leather and decorated with gold-tone logo branding, the pair is the ultimate combination of style and comfort. Team the flats with ankle grazers and a shirt for a preppy day look
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April first, final notice
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- This just in from Project for Public Spaces:
News and Thoughts from Project for Phony Spaces
Feature Story:
Autos protest outside the US Capitol.
Cars, Trucks Stage Huge Protest Against Pedestrians
Fearful of losing their dominance on America's streets, millions of autos staged massive park-ins in public spaces around the nation to protest pedestrians and other alternative modes of transportation... <http://en.groundspring.org/EmailNow/pub.php?module=URLTracker&cmd=track&j=25604730&u=232186>[read the full article]
In This Issue:
<http://en.groundspring.org/EmailNow/pub.php?module=URLTracker&cmd=track&j=25604730&u=232187>McDonald's Goes Local
PPS helps fast food behemoth supply franchises with meat and produce from local farmers markets.
<http://en.groundspring.org/EmailNow/pub.php?module=URLTracker&cmd=track&j=25604730&u=232188>Media Clips
California Governator terminates mean streets; World Bank, IMF to promote Placemaking globally; Disney World braces for onslaught of cars.
<http://en.groundspring.org/EmailNow/pub.php?module=URLTracker&cmd=track&j=25604730&u=232189>The Grates: A Symphony in Turquoise
New York moves forward with plans for Christo encore.
<http://en.groundspring.org/EmailNow/pub.php?module=URLTracker&cmd=track&j=25604730&u=232190>What If We Built Our Cities Around Pillories and Stockades?
PPS workshop participants suggest "old fashioned amenities" to enliven local town square.
<http://en.groundspring.org/EmailNow/pub.php?module=URLTracker&cmd=track&j=25604730&u=232191>The Five Best Fire Hydrants in North America
PPS honors an often overlooked centerpiece of community life.
<http://en.groundspring.org/EmailNow/pub.php?module=URLTracker&cmd=track&j=25604730&u=232192>News from PPS
See how PPS is making fields of dreams come true, and get the latest on our move to the 'burbs.
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This premium business hotel offers luxury, service and comfort. Guests will find a well equipped business centre and a conference floor featuring flexible conference facilities. The hotel has a total of 349 stylishly decorated, modern rooms. A bar, restaurant, caf�, spa and fitness centre also feature. Further hotel amenities include a beauty salon, a unisex hairdressing salon called Kaori and a garage with a car wash service.
This hotel is located at the heart of Helsinki's business district, opposite the Finnish National Opera and close to the Finlandia Hall, the Olympic Stadium and the Helsinki Fair Centre.
In addition to the standard rooms, the hotel features club rooms and suites on the top floor, overlooking the city of Helsinki. There are also large and comfortable executive club rooms available. All rooms come with great beds, a selection of 6 pillows and free high-speed ADSL broadband Internet access (charges apply, wireless or wired). Ironing equipment and other comfortable amenities that one expects to find in an upscale hotel also feature.
The Forever Day Spa offers a broad range of health and fitness services and facilities, including resistance training, free weights, cross training, group aerobic activities, indoor cycling classes, mental training and much more. A Finnish sauna, solarium, hot tub and heated indoor pool are also available. Fees apply to some services and facilities.
This hotel's gastronomic offering includes the Mediterranean-style � la carte Restaurant Macu, the pub Fidel, Bar Code in the lobby and a banquet restaurant.
American Express, Diners Club, JCB, MasterCard and VISA are accepted.
From the north, drive along the E18 (Mannerheimintie). Take a right onto Kivelankatu, and then take an immediate left into the hotel car park.
To get to the car park from the north, drive along the E18-Mannerheimintie. Take a right to go Kivelankatu and then turn immediately to the left to drive into the car park.
Room Facilities:
Direct dial telephone
Satellite cable TV
Internet access
Tea Coffee
Iron and board
Double bed
Central airconditioned
Individual airconditioned
Central heating
Individual heating


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I am a Director, Filmmaker and Photographer of short form narrative content, with a strong visual and storytelling style. With over 10 years of professional production experience I have built an eclectic portfolio of music, performance, commercial, digital content, timelapse and comedy films. As a Photographer I shoot Portraits for Musicians and Performance, Production Stills, Corporate Commissions and Travel.
Gorillas on the London Eye, A Sober Rave, Grave robbers in Abney Park Cemetery, chased Taxis around London, terrifying clowns, Directed the CEOs of DHL and Pernod Ricard in parody music videos, recreated Byron Bay on a beach in Ruislip and Harrison Ford (on the red carpet. I shot first)
I am experienced in developing ideas for individual campaign needs, whether its one line or a full script, so you are happy with the outcome from shoot to delivery; with an adaptable storytelling style from documentary/case study to a visual narrative. Whether I'm Directing a team of talented professionals or as a self shooter, I deliver a full shoot experience, on brief, crafted to a high standard.
My Directing and Cinematography work has taken me across the UK and Europe with clients such as Scope, BT, DHL, Pernod Ricard and ASDA; screened at the London Short Film Festival, Aesthetica Film Festival, Detmold International Film Festival, Los Angeles Reel Film Festival, Hackney Empire, Stratford Circus, The BT Tower, in the back of London Taxis, featured at events, in social media campaigns, apps & interactive media.
Based in London, I am available for Directing, Shooting & Editing projects in UK and Internationally. Get in touch to see how we can work together on your commissions and projects, whether you are an Agency, Production Company or Client.


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Birmingham to host major international marathon in 2017
Birmingham will join the great cities of the world by hosting a marathon running event.
To be staged for the first time in October 2017, the Birmingham International Marathon will cement the city's position as the European Capital of Running.
The 26.2-mile event will be the inaugural run announced in a newly formed Great Run British Marathon Series, which will create three marathons in the UK.
Organised in partnership with Birmingham City Council by The Great Run Company, who stage the world's biggest half marathon, the Great North Run, the Great Manchester Run and the Great South Run, the Birmingham International Marathon will aim to help raise the standard of marathon running in the UK.
From a previous position of power – Britain was the dominant force in marathon running in the 1960s – standards have been largely in decline, with just five male athletes breaking the 2.20 barrier in 2007, and only eight dipping under 2.30.
Aside from the seven times over-subscribed London Marathon, there are a lack of world-class marathon events in the UK and organisers have an ambition to make the Birmingham International Marathon the leading autumn event in the UK.
Research carried out by The Great Run Company identified from a survey of more than 10,000 people that 73% of current Great Run participants would be interested in running a marathon in the Midlands.
The 2017 Birmingham International Marathon, which will also feature the half-marathon event, will start at Alexander Stadium, home of UK Athletics, before taking in iconic landmarks in Bournville, Cannon Hill Park and Edgbaston, before finishing in the heart of the city centre.
There is an ambition that the Birmingham International Marathon will be used as the trials for the 2018 Commonwealth Games.
Mark Hollinshead, Great Run Company chief executive, said: "Birmingham is long established as a centre of running in the United Kingdom with its huge network of club runners, the British Athletics Inter Counties Cross Country Championships and the success of our own Great Birmingham 10K and Great Birmingham Run.
"The Birmingham International Marathon will become a huge celebration of running for all, offering an ideal opportunity to improve the strength and depth of British marathon running.
"As with all the world class events we deliver, not only will this be a great event for British elite runners, we will also aim to attract runners of all abilities from the UK and beyond, to run for charity, for the challenge or just for fun.
"This will be a celebration of all that's great about Birmingham."
Steve Hollingworth, Assistant Director for Sport, Events and Parks at Birmingham City Council, said: "We are delighted that the Great Run Company has chosen Birmingham to stage an international marathon.
"It will encourage more residents to become physically active and have access to a full complement of running events in the city.
"A marathon will also bring additional economic value, will raise the city's profile and reinforce our ambition to be the European Capital of Running."
A reminder service is now open at www.greatrun.org/reminderservice with general entries open in autumn 2016.


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***Photo courtesy of http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3ANYSE127.jpg


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Dirty Harry's filthy gorgeous son Scott Eastwood has gone and bagged himself a fall fashion campaign alongside British model Edie Campbell. The handsome actor was photographed by Inez & Vinoodh for Hugo Boss' uber stylish fall campaign which should find itself in print magazine's very soon.
Boss Creative director Jason Wu had the following to say about casting Scott in the ads: "The idea of Boss menswear is keeping up tradition. Scott is all about channeling old Hollywood. I love how much he looks like his father, who is absolutely legendary, and he has this classic sensibility that feels completely modern at the same time." via


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THE Voice contestants Cleo Higgins and duo Nu-Tarna clash in this week's
battle rounds.
The duet between will.i.am's acts has been dubbed The Battle of the Egos after
the hopefuls were spotted swiping at each other backstage.
Cleo – who used to be in 90s girlband Cleopatra – got the fastest chair
turnaround ever, with Jessie J pushing her button less than three seconds
into her song.
Nu-Tarna said: "In her head, she's a winner already. She knocked us out last
week. This battle is going to be so explosive."
Cleo hit back: "I will step myself in front of anyone who gets in the way."
In Saturday's episode singers will go head-to-head to keep their place in the
will.i.am will have to choose between Jordan Lee Davies and Matt Henry –
booting one hopeful out of the competition.
The two boys can be seen giving a funky performance of Stevie Wonder's Do I Do
in a preview clip from tomorrow's show.
In Jessie J's corner, Ash Morgan and Adam Barron will be sharing singing
duties on James Morrison's soulful track I Won't Let Go.
The singer admits she's got a difficult decision ahead of her, commenting: "It
was like two credible artists that have had albums out."
Voice coach Danny O'Donoghue will be seen cuddling stunning blonde Alice
Barlow after she wells up during rehearsals.
Alice, who played Rae Wilson in Hollyoaks, is pitted against visually-impaired
Andrea Begley for a performance of Birdy's People Help The People.
In a twist to the format this year, judges Jessie, will.i.am, Danny and Tom
will get the chance to poach each other's contestants once they've been
dropped from the battle rounds – leaving them desperate to make sure they
don't lose a potential winner.