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Simplicity 9266; ©1979; Misses' Blouse: Blouse with front tucks has back button closing and set in sleeves. View 1 and 2 have collar. View 3 and 4 have neck band. View 1 and 3 have long sleeves gathered to buttoned cuffs. View 2 has short sleeves gathered to bands. View 4 has short sleeves with turn back cuffs.
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text:
Hey there, time traveller!
This article was published 23/5/2014 (1159 days ago), so information in it may no longer be current.
My mom has been in the hospital for five weeks, and I'm realizing just how much I have come to rely on the kindness of strangers. When my family is not with her I wondering if the hospital staff has attended to her needs and treated her with kindness?
Early in my mom's hospital stay, she said hospitals just are not the same these days.
As we sat one day, I witnessed an exchange in the hallway: a patient shuffled to the nurses' station to use the phone to call her son. When her call was complete, she told the nurse she was very dizzy and unstable on her feet, and was nervous walking. The nurse said she should be careful when she walked back to her room. I listened as this frail woman slowly shuffled back to her room and the nurse continued her conversation with her co-worker.
I turned to my mom and said that I'm not so sure it's the hospitals that are different, it's the people. They are less kind, less concerned, less caring. I guess I figured that if the nurse knew this woman was dizzy, the kind thing to do would be assist her back to her room, if not out of kindness, out of liability alone.
I wondered if kindness is a characteristic that is innate, whether you can teach your kids to be kind,or if it one of those things they learn by example? I think it's a little bit of all of the above.
In one of mom's rooms, a woman across from her had been there for three days. Mom asked if the next day I could bring her some fruit.
Sure I could, I told her, and then I asked why.
"Because she hasn't had any visitors, maybe she wants something" she said.
That is kindness. I grew up with a giving and kind mom.
Don't get me wrong, mom has had many, very kind, considerate and patient people caring for her needs. They have a difficult job and, as I see them every day, I can tell by the worn looks on some of their faces that Friday is approaching.
When I see that they are short-fused, weary, a little less patient, I offer them my kindness, in the form of a smile, an extra thank you, helping them do a task when I am capable and it's appropriate.
I do believe that kindness is appreciated and that it is contagious!
Tannis Ross is a community correspondent for St. Vital.


text:
Vice President Biden found a way to link Mitt Romney's taxes to the immigration issue today in a speech to the National Council of La Raza.
Citing Romney's get-tough policies on illegal immigration, Biden told the largely Hispanic group, "he wants you to show your papers, but he won't show us his ... It's kind of fascinating ... So many questions!"
Biden also contrasted Romney's tax releases with those of father, George, who sought the presidency in 1968.
George Romney "released 12 years of tax returns -- because, he said, and I quote -- 'one year could be a fluke, perhaps done for show,'" Biden said.
"His son has released one year of his tax returns," Biden added, "making a lie of the old adage: Like father, like son."
Members of the re-election campaign -- from Obama on down -- have raised questions about Romney's use of overseas bank accounts and whether he uses them to avoid paying U.S. taxes; hence, the call for release of more returns.
Romney and aides say Obama is trying to distract voters from the bad economy.
"Rather than talk about the issues important to Americans in their everyday lives, he has chosen instead to run a campaign based on character attacks and dishonesty," Romney spokesman Ryan Williams said. "He once criticized politicians who 'turned big elections into small things.' But with 23 million Americans struggling for work and a faltering economy, that is all he has left to run on."
Biden spoke today at the La Raza convention today in Las Vegas.
The vice president also attacked Romney over legal issues:
Imagine what the Supreme Court will look like after four years of Gov. Romney.
Imagine what it will act like.
Imagine what it will mean for civil rights, voting rights and so much we have fought so hard for.
Imagine a Justice Department that supports, rather than challenges, continued efforts to suppress the right to vote.
Because that's what will happen if they win.
This is a man whose idea of tax reform is to maintain the Bush tax cut for the very wealthy, which costs $1 trillion, 55% of which goes to just 120,000 households in America, households of an average income of $8.4 million.
And on top of that, an additional $1.6 trillion tax cut to people with incomes in excess of a million dollars, which is a $250,000 per year tax cut for the average millionaire.
A budget that strikes 200,000 students from Head Start, 19 million poor off of Medicaid, as many as eight million cut from supplemental nutrition assistance. Child nutrition, school lunch program, child care, early education …
The impact on the Hispanic community would be devastating—and the effects would last a generation.
And he says the president is out of touch?
David's journalism career spans three decades, including coverage of five presidential elections, the Oklahoma City bombing, the 2000 Florida presidential recount and the 9/11 terrorist attacks. He has covered the White House for USA TODAY since 2005. His interests include history, politics, books, movies and college football -- not necessarily in that order. More about David
Follow the Oval on Twitter: @The Oval, @djusatoday.
Also contributing to the Oval: Richard Wolf @richardjwolf; Aamer Madhani @AamerISmad


text:
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text:
Recent struggles have hampered the Ottawa Senators' quest for their first Northeast Division title in six years.
A visit from the slumping New Jersey Devils may help them get back on the winning track.
The Senators try to beat the Devils at home for a fifth consecutive time Tuesday night.
Ottawa (37-26-10) is three points behind Boston for the Northeast lead with nine games remaining - one fewer than the Bruins.
The Senators haven't helped their cause while dropping five of eight (3-3-2) including Saturday's 3-1 home defeat to Toronto, a team all but mathematically eliminated from playoff contention.
While winning a division title for the first time since 2005-06 could bring the second seed in the Eastern Conference, Ottawa is also trying to avoid entirely missing a second consecutive postseason.
The Senators are currently seventh in the East, three points behind sixth-place New Jersey (41-27-5) but also only six in front of Buffalo in ninth.
"Every game we play, we have a chance - if we win - to gain on somebody or put someone farther behind us, which is everyone's goal at this time of the year," coach Paul MacLean told the Senators' official website. "We want to play 82 games and then we'll see where we are. Every game is important because you have the chance to advance, or advance on somebody.
"They're all important for that (reason)."
Ottawa will now try to gain ground on New Jersey, which it will also visit April 7 in the regular season finale for both teams.
The Senators have outscored the Devils 12-5 while taking the last four meetings between the clubs in Ottawa. That includes a 3-2 overtime victory Jan. 2, when Ottawa erased a two-goal, third-period deficit before Daniel Alfredsson scored with 59.4 seconds left in the extra session.
Alfredsson is now looking to snap a season-high 10-game goal drought, during which he's managed three assists. He has two goals and one assist in two meetings with the Devils this season.
Defenseman Erik Karlsson has also played well against New Jersey, with seven points in his last six games versus the Devils including two assists Jan. 2.
Karlsson has 11 goals and 13 assists over his last 16 games, giving him 19 and 52, respectively, on the season to make him the favorite to become the first Senators player to win the Norris Trophy.
Colin Greening, meanwhile is giving Ottawa some surprising offensive punch with one goal in each of the last three games - the longest such streak in his two NHL seasons.
The Devils have dropped three of four including Monday's 4-2 defeat to the conference-leading New York Rangers, and now must beware Ottawa.
"There is no easy game for us," left wing Patrick Elias said. "They're right behind us and they're waiting for us. We've got to be ready."
Elias scored against the Rangers, one of his six tallies along with five assists in 11 games this month. The left wing has six goals and 12 assist in his last 15 meetings with the Senators overall, but only two goals and one assist in his last six visits to Ottawa.
Ilya Kovalchuk has 12 goals and eight assists in 17 career games at Scotiabank Place, but no goals and two assists in three games there since joining New Jersey.
Kovalchuk has no goals over his last four contests overall, and still needs one to match his 31 from 2010-11 - his first full season with the Devils.


text:
Chennai, May 26: Chennai Super Kings' Murali Vijay silenced his critics with a 58-ball 113 against Delhi Daredevils in the second qualifier of IPL 5, after struggling to strike form throughout the tournament.
Vijay was awarded the man of the match for his century knock which came off just 58 balls which included 4 sixes and 15 boundaries.
After hammering the hapless Delhi attack in the absence of Morne Morkel and Irfan Pathan, Vijay settled easily as he was aware of the Chennai pitch and went for the straighter ones.
Since he had read the pitch, it was quite easy to bat on and felt he was lucky enough to have played throughout the innings.
"First of all, I need to thank Bharath Tarun and Gurunath, the owner, without them it wouldn't have been possible.
"I know the Chennai wicket and I decided to hit straighter. After six overs I thought the wicket was playing slower, so I decided one of us had to bat through the end, I was lucky to come through.
The right-handed batsman added that he was happy being associated with the team and learning from the stalwarts.
"I am happy to be a part of this unit and learning from them. Happy to be rubbing shoulders with the legends."
When asked if he was able to match up to his team-mate Dwayne Bravo's dancing ability on a lighter note, he said "Bravo's a good dancer, cannot match up to him!".
With Vijay striking form at the right time, it remains to be seen if Kolkata Knight Riders can restrict him in the summit clash on May 27.


text:
I stand on the edge of the pier at Puerto Colombia, the Caribbean rising and falling rhythmically below me. I have my surfboard tucked under my left arm, and despite my pounding heart I concentrate on the instructions being hollered from below.
Colombian surf champion Sergio Navarro, who has made this leap a thousand times, is straddling his surfboard, coaching me from the water. Even though the drop from the pier is more than a storey, it's the easiest access to the surf at this sweet spot, appropriately known as el muelle (the pier).
A small crowd of curious locals has gathered to see if this foreign girl is actually going to jump. As a wave passes under the pier, Navarro yells, "Remember to throw your surfboard away from you - NOW!" Filled with terror and adrenalin, I step off.
Colombia is fast gaining ground as an international tourist destination, thanks to its recent increase in security. While foreigners are discovering some of the more traditional tourism spots, the surf scene on the Caribbean coast remains a largely undiscovered gem for surfers and adventure travellers seeking an authentic experience.
Surf tourism in Colombia is in its infancy, and here it's a grassroots movement. Foreigners are cherished, not resented, and the few who make their way here are given royal treatment - including, in my case, free personal coaching from a pro champion.
The famed Colombian friendliness was clearly visible the first weekend I went to Pradomar - the hub of the surf scene in Puerto Colombia, on the Caribbean in the country's northwest.
The day I arrived, the sea was flat as a pancake. Just one surfer hung out on the beach, eating, not surfing. When I asked him if this was the place for surfing, he said it was, but not today. Come back tomorrow, he said, maybe the surf will pick up.
So I did, but it hadn't. The sea was the same Old Dutch pancake it was the day before. (Colombians, I've found, often prefer to tell you something unrealistically optimistic than something realistic but disappointing.) However, this time the lone surfer had an entourage - which was perplexing, because when the surf's down, contrary to popular belief, surfers work. Interestingly enough, they all seemed to know who I was, la canadiense, and were all eager to make me feel welcome and to know more about me.
That weekend set the precedent (for friendliness, not surf) for the remainder of my surf time in Colombia. From that moment, I was under their wing.
They told me about all the surf spots, inviting me when they could. And, non-surfers, that's no trivial matter: The stereotype of the mellow, peace-loving surfer dude is highly misleading. In all surf communities around the world there is at least a sub-population (if not the entire population) of locals who hoard the good spots; they certainly don't tell outsiders, and sometimes not even insiders, about these coveted breaks.
But not the Colombians. They are patriotically proud of their beaches and even prouder to share them. Unlike in so many other places, I was always welcome to join them on their surf outings even though I hadn't put in years to "earn my spot." (I also think 40-plus years of civil war may have taught them that life is too short for hoarding.)
The port city of Barranquilla is an ideal launching point for the more popular surf spots on the Caribbean coast: Puerto Colombia, the Cartagena area and Tayrona National Park.
Puerto Colombia is a 30-minute cab ride from Barranquilla ($12 if you bargain well) and offers a number of small bays, making it one of the most consistent places to find surf. The fact that you can park at the beaches also makes Puerto Colombia the most accessible surf.
The waves in Cartagena (an hour southwest of Barranquilla) are much less consistent: The conditions have to be just right. But the backdrop is spectacular. The historic old city is arguably the most beautiful and well-preserved colonial city in Latin America.
My favourite surf spot was Tayrona National Park - a beautiful reserve northeast of Barranquilla. Here you can find big, peeling surf and there are 35 kilometres of pristine beach offering a variety of point, reef and beach breaks.
Most beaches require some hiking, and the most popular accommodation in the park is your hammock, which is easily carried wrapped around your surfboard. There's no shortage of trees for hanging it - although it's best to assess the ripeness of the coconuts before committing. I'm told that more surfers die from coconut bombings than accidents while surfing.
Special to The Globe and Mail
* * *
Getting there
Air Canada and Avianca fly from Toronto to Barranquilla.
Where to stay
Hotel Versalles Carrera 48 No. 70-188; Barranquilla; 57-5-3682183; www.hojo.com. From $95.
Where to eat
Street stalls sell tropical fruit juices (jugo de lulo is like drinking candy) and local cuisine (arepa de huevo - deep-fried corn dough with egg inside).
When to go
Surf on the Caribbean coast year-round except fall.
Surf supplies
Tavarua Surf Shop 57 (5) 378-1174; firstname.lastname@example.com.
Follow us on Twitter: @tgamtravel


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text:
The sluggish economy is dragging down President Obama's political standing, including in the must-win state of Pennsylvania.
Republican candidate Mitt Romney leads Obama 44%-42% in a new Quinnipiac University poll, well within the margin of error but less than comfortable for an incumbent president.
Obama's approval rating among Pennsylvanians is 43%, with 51% disapproving of his performance in office.
"If it's any consolation to the White House, voters say Obama acted more responsibly than Republicans during the debt ceiling debate, and approval ratings for Congress are just plain miserable," said Tim Malloy, assistant director of the Quinnipiac University Polling Institute.
With an unemployment rate of 9.2%, Obama has similar problems throughout the industrial Midwest.
That's probably one reason Obama plans a Midwest bus tour for Aug. 15-17; specific sites have not been announced.
In Pennsylvania -- essential for any Democrat in a presidential race -- Obama is struggling in a theoretical matchup with long-shot Republican candidates (and former Pennsylvania senator) Rick Santorum.
Obama leads Santorum -- who lost his re-election bid in 2006 -- by 44%-42% in Pennsylvania.
The president leads Tea Party favorite Michele Bachmann in Pennsylvania, by 47%-39%. Obama leads prospective Republican candidate Rick Perry, 45%-39%.
Pennsylvania voters say 52%-42% that Obama does not deserve to be re-elected, the poll said.
From Quinipiac:
President Obama has acted more responsibly in the debt ceiling debate than congressional Republicans, voters say 44 - 37 percent in the independent Quinnipiac University poll concluded Sunday as agreement on a new debt limit was announced.
Looking at the other players in the national debt debate, Pennsylvania voters:
Disapprove 68 - 28 percent of the job Republicans in Congress are doing;
Disapprove 67 - 28 percent of Democrats in Congress.
"Any good poll is a snapshot of public opinion and this survey shows President Barack Obama at a low point just before a major announcement on the national debt limit, after a long and bitter debate," Malloy said. "Let's see how the public reacts to the news and whether today's results are a baseline for measuring future results, or whether they show the president is in big trouble in Pennsylvania, a key swing state."
Malloy also said:
"While Obama was slugging it out with Republicans in Washington, Mitt Romney and Rick Santorum were closing the gap in the Keystone State for the 2012 presidential race. How much this shift has to do with the just concluded debt ceiling debate is difficult to read. Again, we'll have to wait to see if Obama gets a bounce or whether he gets bounced."
A June 15 Quinnipiac University survey showed Obama topping Romney 47 - 40 percent in Pennsylvania and leading Santorum 49 - 38 percent.
Romney tops a possible Republican presidential primary field with 21 percent, unchanged from June 15. Other results are:
Santorum with 14 percent, compared to 16 percent June 15;
Former Alaska Gov. Sarah Palin with 12 percent, compared to 11 percent;
Bachmann with 11 percent, up from 5 percent;
Perry with 8 percent. He was not included June 15.
No other candidate tops 5 percent.
From July 25 - 31, Quinnipiac University surveyed 1,358 registered voters with a margin of error of +/- 2.7 percentage points. Live interviewers call land lines and cell phones. The survey includes 532 Republicans with a margin of error of +/- 4.3 percentage points.
David's journalism career spans three decades, including coverage of five presidential elections, the Oklahoma City bombing, the 2000 Florida presidential recount and the 9/11 terrorist attacks. He has covered the White House for USA TODAY since 2005. His interests include history, politics, books, movies and college football -- not necessarily in that order. More about David
Follow the Oval on Twitter: @The Oval, @djusatoday.
Also contributing to the Oval: Richard Wolf @richardjwolf; Aamer Madhani @AamerISmad


text:
The great escape of the tortoise
They \'ll never get his shell........
They \'ll never get his shell........
hahaha so cool. :D even cooler though if, for example, the seal and the pig were larger. then i would buy it.
5..ahaha love it...go tortoise go....!
The tortoise is unstoppable! :P $5
ehehe..pig is great...$5
way cute and totally original. $5
Thats awesome. Seal should be larger, penguin and pig are awesome. 5$. This should get printed!!!!
Blue is great!
great shirt...$5
nice colour combo's
Lol...plz win for me...simple great design!!!
Blue one is wonderful...$5
Yeah, i prefer the blue one too...
the exclamation point is great.
ahahaha...great idea..gl!
yeah make it to scale and this shirt rocks!
very cute.
Love this!!
Sweet! I love this.
Pig and seal need to be larger, but I really enjoy this design
Hahaha. My first thought was "how did the tortoise get into trouble?"
Some people said to rescale this design...
i agree with them, so i changed a little my design...
Here the new one, do u like it? :)))
here big size img
yy.now it rocks! $5
how friggin adorable.
Cute! It'd be even better if the squirrel was a tad bit smaller (when thinking about real life ratios), but this is great on its own.
LOvely...This should get printed! 5$
I personally wish there was no text
But great concept =]
That squirrel rocks! 5
Freakin huge squirrel. Love it though.
Haha, this is awesome, I laughed out loud. $5
very nice... i like the "changed" version. and def blue.
I love it cept it thinnk that it need the text on the tee!
I'd definately buy the blue one!


text:
The reception, with its special charm, gives this beautiful hotel a warm, homely atmosphere. Guests may make use of the currency exchange facilities and a laundry service.
Located in the new Yasmine Hammamet area, this beach hotel is situated around 60 km from the capital Tunis, right in the centre of the new yachting port of La Marina. Guests are just 150 m from the beach and approximately a 15-minute walk from numerous shops and restaurants. Carthage airport is around 60 km from the beach hotel.
All rooms are equipped with an orthopaedic mattress, hairdryer, 55-cm TV with 14 satellite channels, a separate toilet and bathroom, a direct dial telephone on request and both air conditioning and heating.
The Yasmine and Citrus golf courses are both around 10 minutes from the hotel. The hotel has an indoor and outdoor swimming pool.
The hotel offers the � la carte restaurant Horizon, Oasis with a varied menu, a pizzeria and La Palmeraie serving barbecue dishes.
MasterCard and VISA are accepted as methods of payment.
Room Facilities:
Direct dial telephone
Satellite cable TV
Internet access
Double bed
Central airconditioned


text: Home Gallery Print (Slideshow) Aides Make Love Not War Euro 2016 Provides a Suggestive Canvas for This French Safe Sex Campaign Another Risque Piece of Work From HIV Awareness Organization Aides By Alexandra Jardine. Published on Jul 01, 2016 Editor's Pick French HIV awareness organization Aides is known for its risque advertising through agency TBWA/Paris. In its latest campaign, it manages to make provocative capital out of the Euro 2016 soccer tournament (now reaching the quarter final stage in France), while making a point about safe sex between nations. Print, digital and outdoor ads depict naked fans painted in the colors of the different countries' flags -- but with each couple sporting smears of each others' paint in some unmistakably suggestive places. The couples were photographed by Eric Traore. The aim of the campaign is to spread a safe sex message as fans from all nations visit France for the soccer tournament, and remind people that the HIV epidemic is still very active in Europe and central Asia. But there's another side to it as well. The tagline to the campaign is "Make Love Not War. Blend Together, Safe Together," and, according to Aides, it's also designed to highlight fraternity and harmony between countries -- something not seen in the early games of Euro 2016 when fans clashed on the streets. Rate this Ad You must be registered to rate the ad. Please Login or Register Now About CreditsDateJul 01, 2016Advertising:Christian AndreoAgency:TBWA/Paris Client:AidesAdvertising:Nathalie GauthierAdvertising:Antoine HenryAdvertising:Charmaine Da Costa SoaresAccount Manager:Anne VincentAccount Manager:Véronique FourniotakisAccount Manager:Marion FlochAccount Manager:Mirella GhilExecutive Creative Director:Benjamin MarchalExecutive Creative Director:Faustin ClaverieArt Director:Olivier MularskiCopywriter:David PhillipsArt Buyer:Isabelle JaubertPrint Producer:Laurence CollaviniPhotographer:Eric TroaréBody Paint Artist:Guido DanieleRetouching Studio:Chic Paris Tagscharity CategoryOOHPrint Ad Latest Creativity News on Ad Age Agency Brief: Where Is Everybody? Gallegos United Has a New CCO, Arnold Hires Alfson, Low Joins Ogilvy Beijing 'I Have a Huge Idea:' Wyclef Jean Wants to Work With Brands Related work Aides: Revelation TBWA/Paris Aides: I, AIDS. WNP Aides: No condom, no sex : Puzzle TBWA Paris


text:
Hotel Venezia
Washington Drive, Legazpi, Albay
- 6 Reviews
- 0 Recommend
- 6 Reviewers
Primary Details
- Category:
- Hotel
- Phone
- +63524810888
More Info
More Business Info
- Wi-Fi:
- Free
- Wheelchair Accessible:
- Yes
- Parking:
- Garage, Reserved
- Hotel Star Rating:
- 4
- Airport Transfer:
- Yes
- Coffee Shop:
- Yes
- Restaurant:
- Yes
- Bar:
- Yes
- Tours:
- Yes
- Meeting Facilities:
- Yes
- Business Center:
- Yes
- Massage:
- Yes
- Room Service:
- Yes
- Safety Deposit Boxes:
- Yes
- Laundry Service:
- Yes
- Concierge:
- Yes
Hotel Policies
- Extra Beds for Infant 0-2 years:
- Stay for free if using existing bedding. Note, if you need a cot there may be an extra charge.
- Extra Beds for Children 3-5 years:
- Must use an extra bed. Extra beds are dependent on the room you choose, please check the individual room policy for more details.
Useful Information
- Check-Out:
- 12:00p
- Distance from City Center:
- 2.0km
- Distance from Airport:
- 5.0km
- Earliest Check-In:
- 2:00p
- Non-Smoking Rooms/Floors:
- Yes
- Number of Rooms:
- 40
- Number of Floors:
- 3
- Room Voltage:
- 220
- Time to Airport:
- 3m
- Year Hotel Built:
- 2004
- Year Last Renovated:
- 2008
Most Recent Reviews
The room, location and price was okay. Not too pricey since we booked via Agoda (it's pricey if you book directly via hotel). I just don't like the CR in our room - it didn't provide 'comfort' since the flush wasn't working properly. 🤕
- No. of Comments: 2
- No. of Likes: 2 Likes
Php2,600 for a tiny room (#221). It was an overnighter so I figured I could make do with a small no-frills room but Even I was still surprised at this size. The staff here are okay, a bit distant but they do the job. The facilities are alright. Bed is comfortable, room was quiet. Breakfast is decent. Internet is fast. If I'm back in Legazpi I'd try a different hotel. This is ok but I'm not sure it is worth it for P2,600.
- No. of Comments: 0
- No. of Likes: 6 Likes
My 2nd stay here, both just overnighters .
Room is small and cramped but nice in a way but cramped . You know the feeling that something always in the way . To get in bed you either hop on from the foot of the bed. To get in from the side of the bed, you have to walk sideways with your feet barely fitting the space between the beds edge and the wall . And you have this on both sides of the bed .
To watch TV you either sit up on the beds head and lean on the headboard with your feet up on the bed, so u have to take off your shoes. Or you sit on the dresser stool with your face 2 feet from the TV screen .
The toilet is nice but sadly cramped as well.
The showers glass wall is about an inch from the left side of the toilet bowl seat .
Now about the breakfast.
I consider breakfast an important meal . It sorts of sets the tone for the day .
So they have a breakfast buffet . As i was surveying the food, i noticed another guest, spending time by the rice warmer ... She was scraping rice off the serving tray onto her plate, they were running out of rice ... Ooops i thought , luckily i avoid rice at breakfast when i have a choice . I see a closed server labelled french toast, open it and see 4 small toast halves . I pick one , it looked dry , i turned it over and the other side was already dark and dry , i pick 2 pcs that looked the most promising . Then i go to the three food warmers with the proteins , labelled luncheon meat, chicken pork adobo, and corned beef hash and a tuna caldereta.
The luncheon meat wasn't sliced evenly and was quite oily . You could tell it was a cheaper variety from the round cans. I picked on up, it was soggy and dripping with oil . It wasn't even a little crunchy as I like luncheon meat to be cooked . Oh well, anyway theres CPA, so there's hope....
I opened the CPA and it was a greyish brown adobo ! It looked dead ... Grey adobo . Still i got a half drumstick (the smaller part not the lollipop, for some reason, those always disappear) and a pice of pork , or pork bone to be more precise .
Hmmm i have get some corned beef hash , i opened it and it was corned beef alright , but it eas just out of the can , swimming in all the canned juices and preservatives . I couldn 't see and diced fried potatoes . I took a smsll portion . A tabkespoon .
I went to the egg section and asked for an omelette with everything on it ham cheese mushrooms tomatoes and onion . I asked the cook to pls put a little salt ( most dont put salt at all leaving the guest to salt their own eggs ) .
I go get fruits. Fresh Pineapple cubes and watermelon slices . I spot some creme brulee . Wow ! I take 1 .
I toast 1 slice of wheat bread and get 1 sealed butter slice.
Now the sad part . The spitting .
French toast , i took a bite and spit it out . It was dry almost a biscocho. :-(
I buttered the toasted bread and took a bite . Ok !
My omelette arrives , great !
I took a bite , bland ugh no salt ! I look fir the salt shaker , none on the table oh well .
Ill just eat the omelette with a bit of corned beef or adobo for the saltiness .
I try some grey adobo, hmm tastes like adobo 1 point
I take some omelette , salty ! So thats where all the salt is , in that mouthful ! The rest of the omelette was bland no salt .
The corned beef was not good , cheap corned beef fresh out of a can with all the preservative juices just dumped into a serving tray is what it tasted like .
Tuna caldereta, the same straight out of the can into the serving tray .
Oh well back to the adobo .
Now the fruits . Crunchy looking pineapple cube . Bite. Spit . It was going bad . Malapit ba mapanis . It must have been leftover pineapple from yesterdays breakfast they kept in the fridge
and served again. Yuck .
Watermelon . Ok
Now for what i was waiting for , hoping for some saving grace .... The creme brulee .
A small bit on my teadpoon to taste ... Spit ! It was starting to go bad as well !
And that is how to earn a 1 star review on looloo.
- No. of Comments: 0
- No. of Likes: 2 Likes
The place was okay though their restaurant inside takes ages before they get to serve our food. Yet their staff was nice and friendly which makes up to the foo that we had to wait for long minutes.
- No. of Comments: 0
- No. of Likes: 1 Like
I will be staying here for 2 weeks and this place is a good choice. Located inside a subdivision, walang maingay.
The rooms are small but furnished beautifully. I don't see Venetian in their choice of interior but it's modern and clean.
The hotel gives us complimentary dessert every night from Caffe San Marco, which is the hotel's only restaurant.
The hotel has a convention area and a pool but is about 100 meters away in distance from the hotel. Short walk.
So far so good..
- No. of Comments: 8
- No. of Likes: 5 Likes
My room has a nice view of Mayon Volcano. However air conditioning was poor and worst of all, they screwed up they're breakfast buffet!
- No. of Comments: 1
- No. of Likes: 1 Like


text:
Following last week's murder of Ferguson activist Darren Seals, on Sunday armed protesters marched through the Central West End neighborhood in a show of force, blaming police for the death of Seals.
Seals was a member of the Black Lives Matter movement and a main protest leader and organizer in Ferguson in 2014. Last week his body was discovered in a burning vehicle where he had been fatally shot before the vehicle was set ablaze. Police have labeled the death as a homicide, but investigators have yet to release any new information about their leads.
Video footage from Sunday shows a group of 20 to 30 people walking along residential streets on their way to the area's business district, chanting "Who killed Darren Seals?" and "Defend black lives." Several people in the protest are carrying rifles and shotguns while openly declared their affiliation with Revolutionary Black Panther Party. Wearing tactical vests, the armed group chanted "F*** the pigs" and "Free us — or you die cracka" as they walked.
"We came out here to represent for D Seals," protester Dhoruba Shakur said in a Facebook Live video. "The man was assassinated by the police, attacked by the state."
The live feed video posted by Shakur can be seen below:
To see more stories like this, sign up below for Dennis Michael Lynch's email newsletter.
Sign up to get breaking news alerts from Dennis Michael Lynch.
Opening Statements To Be Heard In Bundy Standoff Trial


text:
School Jerks - Control EP MP3
School Jerks - Control EP.
School Jerks [August 31, 2012] 285 Kent, Brooklyn, NY +Full Set+ MP3
Punk show in Brooklyn featuring Perdition (New York City), Cülo (Chicago), Hoax (Western Massachusetts), School Jerks (Toronto), Inservibles (Mexico City), ...
School Jerks - New York's Alright 2014 (Full Show) MP3
http://unartignyc.com http://www.facebook.com/UnartigOfficial School Jerks playing live at New York's Alright Fest at 538 Johnson on April 19, 2014.
SCHOOL JERKS- nothing else ep MP3
3 track ep mug. get down.
School Jerks - Ugly Minds, Ugly Faces MP3
School Jerks - "Ugly Minds, Ugly Faces" ["School Jerks", LP, Grave Mistake, 2012] http://gravemistakerecords.blogspot.com/ ...
School Jerks [August 29, 2012] Cloud City, Philadelphia, PA +Full Set+ MP3
School Jerks - Live, Under a bridge, Toronto, June 9th 2010 MP3
Vancouver's White Lung played with Toronto's School Jerks under a bridge, somewhere in Toronto, at around midnight.
VAINS - School Jerks MP3
S'more shit from the Vains. Kinda hard to find anything from them in the internet, I tell you h'what.
School Jerks-Decline MP3
Jerk Animals: Viral Video Film School MP3
Viral Video Film School's Professor Brett Erlich has a bone to pick with animals. They may look adorable, but a lot of them are jerks. Brett has scoured the ...
SCHOOL JERKS - Passed Out MP3
From School Jerks EP 7"
School Jerks - Problems MP3
Couldn't find this on Youtube so here it is. https://itunes.apple.com/ca/album/school-jerks/id556762236.
SCHOOL JERKS - Demo Track 1 MP3
From School Jerks Demo | Canada Terminal State Members.
School Jerks on Name That Band at Siesta Day 5! MP3
Name That Band at Siesta Day 5!!! 20120331221852.
SCHOOL JERKS - Nothing Else MP3
School Jerks - Nothing Else Lyrics: another night bleeding in the pit another night to get into some shit back of the station with a brick don't know why but i've got ...
Untitled - School Jerks MP3
School Jerks - Outcast MP3
School Jerks (2012)
School Jerks - "Stray" MP3
Vains - School Jerks MP3
You May Not Believe In Vains But You Cannot Deny Terror (1980) No Threes Records.
School Jerks - Street Talk MP3
Decline E.P. (2010) Hardcore Punk Cowabunga Records Track 3 of 4.
How To Deal With Jerks In School (Curly Penny) MP3
Today I discuss how you can deal with jerks in school so you can walk away like a cool guy! or girl :3 Last Wednesday's video (Hair Care): ...
School Jerks - "Nothing Else" MP3
"School Jerks" CRISS CRASS live! Vains MP3
http://www.reverbnation.com/crisscrass Criss Crass: Guitar/Vocals Joe Russell: Bass Dave Crossett: Drums Another punk rock classic from way back in the day ...
SCHOOL JERKS - Stray MP3
From School Jerks E.P. 7"
Escaping speeding tickets & dealing with JERKS! MP3
Brian talks about how to deal with people who just want to mess up your tricks, gives you an easy way to make a cop laugh & get you out of a speeding ticket, ...
okkodo high school jerks MP3
just thot id record my girl jaena.
Jerks at school MP3
Who needs education when you have swag?
OLD SCHOOL JERK (NS JV RESERVE JERKS) Two White Boys Jerkin in Iowa!!! MP3
Jonny D and Bobby W. lookin FRESH and just jerkin as always. Songs: Rock Your World - The Rangers ft. Indigo Vanity So Dope - New Boyz RETRO JERKIN.


text:
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The Vengeance of the Vampire Bride(2011)
(The second book in the Vampire Bride series)
A novel by Rhiannon Frater
In THE TALE OF THE VAMPIRE BRIDE, Lady Glynis suffered great horrors at the hands of her evil vampire master, Count Vlad Dracula, and vowed she would one day escape him. In THE VENGEANCE OF THE VAMPIRE BRIDE, Glynis learns to embrace the title of Countess Dracula as she sets into motion her plans to seek revenge on those who betrayed Glynis and her family to Dracula and to reunite with the man she loves. Despite her ambitions, it soon becomes quite apparent that her life continues to be overshadowed by the ominous presence of Vlad Dracula. Set in the 1820s against the lush gothic backdrop of Buda, Hungary, the tale of one vampire bride's quest for love, revenge, and the right to determine her own way in life is a sweeping saga that will enthrall any reader who loves the beautiful, deadly vampires of old.
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Used availability for Rhiannon Frater's The Vengeance of the Vampire Bride
See all available used copies of this book at Abebooks UK or Abebooks US
Paperback Editions
September 2011 : USA Paperback
|Title: The Vengeance of the Vampire Bride
Author(s): Rhiannon Frater
ISBN: 1-4414-3988-9 / 978-1-4414-3988-8 (USA edition)
Publisher: CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform
Availability: Amazon Amazon UK Amazon CA
Kindle Editions
September 2011 : USA, Canada, UK Kindle edition
|Title: The Vengeance of the Vampire Bride
Author(s): Rhiannon Frater
Publisher: Rhiannon Frater
Availability: Amazon Amazon UK Amazon CA
Genre Pages


text:
Solar Influence on Earth's Climate
- Citations
- 262 Downloads
An increasing number of studies indicate that variations in solar activity have had a significant influence on Earth's climate. However, the mechanisms responsible for a solar influence are still not known. One possibility is that atmospheric transparency is influenced by changing cloud properties via cosmic ray ionisation (the latter being modulated by solar activity). Support for this idea is found from satellite observations of cloud cover. Such data have revealed a striking correlation between the intensity of galactic cosmic rays (GCR) and low liquid clouds (<3.2 km). GCR are responsible for nearly all ionisation in the atmosphere below 35 km. One mechanism could involve ion-induced formation of aerosol particles (diameter range, 0.001–1.0 μm) that can act as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN). A systematic variation in the properties of CCN will affect the cloud droplet distribution and thereby influence the radiative properties of clouds. If the GCR-Cloud link is confirmed variations in galactic cosmic ray flux, caused by changes in solar activity and the space environment, could influence Earth's radiation budget.
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text:
Princeton Day School students prepare for the high school version of the Tony Awards.
The school's artist-in-residence Stan Cahill announced their fall production of Anon(ymous) by Naomi Iizuki earned eight nominations in the Montclair State University Theater Night Awards Program.
About 50 private and public schools participated in the statewide competition, which recognizes excellence in non-musical plays produced by secondary schools.
Junior Naiyah Ambros and freshman Jay Mack, both Ewing residents, earned nominations in the lead actor and actress categories for their performances as Nemasani and Anon, respectively.
Sophomore Jessica Toltzis, of Yardley, Pa., was nominated for best supporting actress for her performance as Pascal.
In addition, the cast is nominated for best performance by an ensemble. Anon(ymous) also earned nominations for best lighting design, sound design and overall production.
Cahill earned a nomination for best director.
This is the first year that PDS participated in the Theater Night Awards, which is run by the MSU Theater Department and School of the Arts.
Award winners are scheduled to be announced in an awards ceremony April 26 at MSU's Memorial Auditorium.


text:
>Hitting the Ground Running
>Picture This is hitting the ground running!
We've secured a room for our meetings this term. It will be Wednesdays 7:30p – 8:30p on the Hillside Campus inside the Annex building room A2. Please note seating will be limited to the first 25 students that come due to fire safety restrictions. No exceptions.
We want to give an extra special thanks to a very talented graphic designer at Art Center, Jaime McFarland. She designed our logo and is helping us create all our marketing/advertising necessities.
Laura and I are working hard putting things together and we're glad to say it all seems to be coming together. We've got a list of really exciting speakers prepared to come for the term. Some of them include:
(Author, 'The Visual Story' & Adjunct Film Professor, USC)
Aimee Marsh
(Story Artist, DreamWorks Animation)
Ben Zhu
(Artist and Owner, Nucleus)
Christopher Ramirez
(VP, Artime Group)
Kathy Altieri
(Production Designer, DreamWorks Animation)
In addition to our speakers, we're also planning to do film screenings if possible. It's important for anyone wanting to go into the film business to have an understanding of its language and structure. We've got one planned during midterms week at school because we didn't think it was fair to get a speaker to come when there is a good chance the room would be empty. Also, if any speaker has something more important come up at last minute we'll run a film as well.
Out of respect for our speakers and their time, they will not be reviewing portfolios unless otherwise noted. So instead we've got another really cool thing planned as long as our speaker is willing to participate as the judge. It's going to be a weekly art exercise/contest.
Each week I'll send out via facebook and post on this blog the next event. In it will be a free prize to win, such as an 'Art of..' book, a gift card, etc. To win this prize you must complete a drawing/sketch/painting (in whatever medium you please) that is based off THE prompt phrase I give.
Reminders: Complete a drawing/sketch/painting (in whatever medium you please) that is based off the phrase. The piece must contain your name on the back. Please photocopy or scan/print out your image if it is inside your sketchbook as whole sketchbooks will not be accepted. Your drawings will be collected during the meeting and the guest will pick the winner.
For anyone on campus, next Wednesday (Feb 3rd) will be our first group meeting.
This is going to be an exciting semester!


text:
I LOVE finding new restaurants, and it is not just for the food.
I have a thing for restaurant design.
It is beyond cool when you find a place where the food is fabulous and the environment is right…
no need to be fancy, just right. That is the case with the new restaurant Palmilla
in Hermosa Beach – although I haven't tried the food yet the design is delicious!
With no further ado, get ready to indulge yourselves!
How beautiful are those pendant lights?
The wall with the chain is such a cool design element!
yum… the food looks good too!
Hermosa Beach here we come!!!
Have a good day!
Hermosa Beach here we come!!!
Have a good day!


text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Aug 27, 2002
|Filing date
|Jul 17, 2000
|Priority date
|Aug 2, 1999
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Peter Gruber, Jürg Tödtli
|Original Assignee
|Siemens Building Technologies Ag
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (8), Non-Patent Citations (2), Referenced by (46), Classifications (8), Legal Events (6)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
1. Field of the Invention
The invention relates to a predictive apparatus for regulating or controlling supply values, such as indoor climate control values or process values of an energy generator or energy distribution system.
Such apparatuses are suitable, for example, for heating/cooling buildings, wherein by means of the apparatus heat energy or cooling energy can be saved. Further, such apparatuses are also suitable for operating an energy storage system such as, for example, a cold store.
2. Description of the Prior Art
An apparatus of this kind is known from EP 462 815, in which a tuner is used to establish a variable time horizon and a sampling rate.
In WO 94/27202, it is suggested that to minimise costs, electrical heating is switched according to tariff and weather forecast data received.
It is also known to model in a predictive controller a building or respectively a room with a neuronal network (Mario El-Khoury et al: NEUROBAT, Predictive Neuro-fuzzy Building Control System. May 1998).
With known predictive control apparatuses, there is the disadvantage that in general, with reasonable computing complexity, only relatively short time horizons, for example of 6 hours, can be calculated, which is here considered as insufficient.
The object of the invention is to propose a predictive apparatus with which necessary values can be reliably calculated over a substantially longer time horizon—that is to say one or more days- using inexpensive means.
If the supply values are indoor climate control values, a room or building model is used. By using a room or building model, basically a simpler structure is produced for the regulating and control apparatus, as by means of said model both the regulating method based on a heat curve and the optimum start and stop time control method, known as OSSC, and in addition the switch for heat limits, can be used.
Further, energy saving by minimising a cost function can be obtained wherein the cost function advantageously includes comfort and energy terms.
The invention provides predictive apparatus for controlling or regulating supply values, wherein the apparatus is provided with:
a first data store, in which rules, based on a linear consumer model, for calculating process values are stored,
a second data store, in which the rules for restrictions or limit values to be observed for process values and values derived from process values are stored, and
means for repeatable optimising of the energy consumption or of the energy costs with the aid of linear or quadratic programming, wherein the means is configured such that the optimising can be carried out over a sliding time horizon.
Advantageous configurations are set forth in the dependent claims.
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings. The examples described relate to the control or respectively the regulation of indoor climate control values. It is obvious that the examples are, however, transferable with little difficulty to apparatuses for controlling or regulating other supply values. In general, that is to say when controlling or regulating supply values, with an apparatus according to the invention, a consumer model is used instead of a room or building model.
There is shown, in:
FIG. 1 the principal structure of a generally predictive apparatus for regulating and controlling indoor climate control values,
FIG. 2 essential function modules of the predictive apparatus,
FIG. 3 a selection of types of buildings in which the predictive apparatus is useable,
FIG. 4 a structure of the time horizon of the predictive apparatus,
FIG. 5 exemplary diagrams of the optimising functions of the predictive apparatus,
FIG. 6 a room model which can be used in the predictive apparatus,
FIG. 7 a detail of the structure of the time horizon of the predictive apparatus,
FIG. 8 transmission equations of the predictive apparatus, and
FIG. 9 the principal structure of a function module of the predictive apparatus designated as a monitor.
In FIG. 1, an arrangement with a generally predictive apparatus for regulating and controlling indoor climate control values is divided into three function modules joined one to another, wherein a predictive controller is designated 1, a flow temperature control 2, and a room/building 3.
Disturbance inputs 4 affecting the indoor climate control are, for example, the outside temperature, the incoming solar radiation, the wind, and extraneous heat. Controlling inputs affecting the indoor climate control values are, in this case, the flow temperature T_VRL, with a normalized volume through-flow Vd_n belonging to it, of which, in the case illustrated, only the measured outside temperature T_ext and the flow temperature T-VRL regulated by the controller 1 itself are available to the controller 1.
Inputs to the flow temperature control 2 are the flow temperature reference value T_VRL calculated by the predictive controller 1, and the temperature return flow T_RL.
The task of the predictive controller 1 is now to control the control values—here, the flow temperature over a pre-determined time horizon, such that the inside temperature T_int in the room/building 3 satisfies the specifications of the user. For this, the controller 1 naturally requires a room/building model, here, for example, a 2nd order linear model, and the arrangement and the forecast profile of weather values—here, for example, only the outside temperature T_ext and the occupancy of the room or of the building. From the output sequence of temperatures flows, in each step only the first value T_VRL is used and relayed to the flow temperature control 2, which additionally takes over the function of switching a pump on and off.
In a variation of the predictive apparatus, the regulated or controlled supply value—in this case the inside temperature T_int—is measured and supplied to the predictive controller 1.
The user can influence the behaviour of the predictive controller 1 by means of user adjustments 5.
The predictive controller 1 can be separated into different, easily separated function units, which are, for example, shown in FIG. 2, in which a weather forecast module is designated 10, a room occupancy forecast module 11, a monitor 12, an adaptive module 13, and an optimising module 14.
Only the outside temperature is forecast in this case as the weather forecast, however, the procedure is analogous for several values to be forecast. The output of the weather forecast module 10 is a profile T_ext_pred of the outside temperature for the length of the time horizon. With the weather forecast, it is important that it can be examined with respect to its functioning capability independently of the other components of the controller 1 and consequently can be treated separately.
The room occupancy is calculated in advance using the current time, the start and stop times for which can be input by the user for each day of the week.
In the case of room temperature measurement, two functions are involved: the monitor 12 and the parameter adaptation in the adaptive module 13. Without room temperature measurement, these cease to apply, and the forecast inside temperature T_int_pred is used as the inside temperature for the next cycle of calculation, which is shown in FIG. 2 by a strip shown in broken lines on the optimising module 14.
The monitor 12 is used in this case for filtering the inside temperature—and not for estimating an unknown value—in order to diminish rapid changes in the signal. In spite of the use of the monitor 12 as a filter, the phase of the estimated inside temperature by virtue of the 2nd order room model used in the monitor compared to classic filters is not too greatly displaced. The parameters of the room model can be estimated using the adaptive module 13, and—after the parameter estimates have stabilised—also used for optimising.
All the disturbance values which affect the room 3 (FIG. 1), in the present case the room occupancy and the outside temperature, must be calculated in advance for every point in time of optimising over the time horizon as profiles. For this, the horizon is divided into n sampling steps. As is shown in FIG. 4, the horizon can be divided into n1 short and n−n1−1 long sampling steps. The sampling time of the controller, and thereby also the time after which the optimising is repeated, is T_sim. The sampling time of the short steps at the beginning of the time horizon are in this case, for example, selected as being equal to T-sim, and the sampling time Ts of the long steps as Ts=4*T_sim.
The weather forecast module 10 delivers for the n points in time the values calculated in advance as a result of a model. The room occupancy forecast module 11 correspondingly delivers the room occupancy calculated in advance in the form of a 0 (not occupied) −1 (occupied) sequence (FIG. 4). For this, the module requires the current time, the profile of the week, and the sampling times T_sim and Ts.
The numbers above the time axis in FIG. 4 are those values which assume the flow variable i during an optimising cycle. For every time point required, it is detected whether the room is occupied or not occupied. A possible occupancy profile is given in the lowest part of FIG. 4.
As the time steps according to n1 are four times larger than the previous ones, at the time points greater than equal to n1, it is advantageously tested as to whether the next time point lies within an occupancy period. When this is the case, the occupancy variable of this time point is also set to 1. This is done to ensure timely heating up in the morning or after a weekend. On the nth time, the n+1-th time is accessed.
In FIG. 5, a first diagram shows the T_ext_pred profile of the forecast outside temperature, a second diagram shows the occupancy-pred profile of the room occupancy calculated in advance, a third diagram shows the T_int_pred profile of the forecast inside temperature, and a fourth diagram the T_VRL_pred profile of the forecast flow temperature, in each case over the time horizon.
The task of the optimising module 14 is to forecast from the forecast outside temperature T_ext_pred, the room occupancy calculated in advance occupancy_pred, the filtered inside temperature T_int_obs, the current inside temperature T_int measured or calculated from the model, and from the room model of the controller including the parameters belonging to it, the inside temperature development T_int_pred and flow temperature development over the time horizon. The flow temperature profile to be calculated, advantageously composed of T_VRL and T_VRL-pred, has to be determined such that a cost function is optimised, and at the same time additional physically-based conditions are taken into account, so that a compromise between energy and cost optimisation is obtained. The conditions relate to the flow and inside temperatures calculated in advance. The first value of the output profile T_VRL is then set.
Optimising is solved with the aid of linear or respectively quadratic programming.
Linear programming minimises the linear expression f T x on condition that Ax<=b, wherein the conditions include both equality conditions and inequality conditions for the flow temperatures, flow temperature changes and room temperatures.
Quadratic optimising minimises the quadratic expression ˝x THx+f T x. The equality conditions remain the same as for linear programming, namely, the n-times use of the differential equation with which the inside temperature is calculated in advance. The inequality conditions can also be partly taken over.
In this way optimising for a cycle can be started. The calculated room and flow temperatures are composed as follows: forecast inside temperatures for the n future time points, optimum current flow temperature to be set, optimum flow temperature to be set for the n−1 future time points. Optimisation applies naturally only if the room model used in the controller 1 agrees with the actual distance, and where the forecast disturbance values occur.
In addition to a hoped for saving in heat energy, a goal of the predictive controller 1 is also the uniting of three functions of heating of buildings which were until now treated separately: The controller should replace the outside temperature-guided flow temperature control (heat curve), the optimum start and stop time control (OSSC), and the heat limit switch as a single function.
As control distances and respectively the types of buildings vary greatly, the following three basic instances, each with and without inside temperature sensors—will be examined individually (FIG. 3).
The first basic case (FIG. 3a) relates to a detached house regarded as a room, as an example with underfloor heating, with and without taking into account the incoming solar radiation. The detached house has a south-facing wall S and a north-facing wall N which have an external temperature sensor for measuring the outside temperature TA and a sensor for the incoming solar radiation Gh.
The second basic case (FIG. 3b) relates to several rooms with a reference room 20 without incoming sun. Apart from the reference room 20, the rooms are controlled by thermostatic valves THV. An external temperature sensor for the outside temperature TA is arranged on the north elevation N.
The third basic case (FIG. 3c) lastly relates to a building which has two heating circuits, wherein a first heating circuit supplies rooms 21, 22 and 23 of the south elevation S, and a second heating circuit supplies rooms 24, 25 and 26 of the north elevation N. The north elevation has an external temperature sensor for the outside temperature TA.
Room Model
The predictive controller 1 with the monitor 12 and the adaptive module 13 advantageously use a 2nd order room model for optimising. The physical representation of the room model is shown in FIG. 6, wherein TIB&RL indicates the temperature of the inside components and the atmospheric air, and TAW the temperature of the external wall and TA the outside temperature.
Two heat stores with associated heat capacities CIB&RL and CAW are the components including the atmospheric air, and the external wall. The heating capacity PH and the extraneous heat QF directly affect the first store. By means of the two expanded heat conduction values GID of the external wall, an indirect heat transfer can take place via the intermediate store with capacity CAW, and by means of the expanded heat conduction value GD of the window, a direct heat transfer can take place between the inside and the outside. By means of the two energy balances for the two heat stores (1st law of thermodynamics) the differential equation system can be determined. With a model for stationary operation, the heating power PH can be expressed with the flow temperature and the room temperature.
In this case, F is the heater surface, k is the heat through-flow coefficient, m is the mass flow and e is the specific heat capacity of the energy carrier, and it is valid to assume that the heating power output in the room follows in a linear manner the temperature differential of the flow temperature T_VRL minus the temperature of the internal components and the atmospheric air TIB&RL. In this way a continuous structural room model is produced
with the two store temperatures TIB&RL and TAW as structures, TIB&RL as output and the three inputs, flow temperature TVRL, outside temperature TAW and extraneous heat QF. The store temperature TIB&RL can correspond with the inside temperature T_int.
This continuous structural room model is then analytically discretized by using inverse Laplace transformation, wherein the following discrete representation results:
With the variables u=u(1), w=u(2), and q=u(3), and the distribution of G in G=[G1G2G3] there results:
With a unit matrix I, the calculation of the z-transmission functions takes place with the formula:
From this, a differential equation can be derived for the inside temperature y=T_int=TIB&RL
Assuming a constant extraneous heat q and the abbreviations
p1=(f 11 +f 22)
p2=(f 12f21 −f 22 f 11)
p4=(f 12g21 −f 22g11)
p6=(f 12g22 −f 22g12)
p7=g13q+(f 12g23 −f 22g13)q
And the displacement of the differential equation by one time step, from the above differential equation for the inside temperature there is obtained:
A block diagram with the individual transmission functions is shown in FIG. 8.
The parameters of the differential equation can be determined in three different ways. In the first case parameters are used which were identified by off-line parameter estimation. The second way allows the input of the physical values of the 2nd order room model, which is used in the controller. From this the continuous structural room model is created, then made discrete, and lastly the three discrete transmission functions (first, second and third input to output) determined. In the third case, the time constants and amplification factors from the transmission behaviour can be input on the one hand from the outside temperature to the inside temperature and on the other hand from the flow temperature to the inside temperature (for example, determined by measuring step responses of the room model). All three possibilities produce the system parameters pi (i=1,2, . . . ,7) of the controller model for the sampling time T_sim.
Sampling Time Change
In order that the controller can continue computing in the second part of the time horizon (see above) with the step width Ts, in the last section of the function, the parameter with the sampling time Ts is determined from that with sampling time T_sim. The resulting parameters are stored as further pi (i=1,2, . . . ,7).
It has already been explained with reference to FIG. 4 how the time horizon is advantageously made discrete, namely with the sampling time T_sim for the first n1 steps and with Ts (=4*T_sim) for the last n−n1 steps. For the first steps, naturally the differential equation for the sampling time T_sim is used, and for the last steps the differential equation for the sampling time Ts. The way in which the parameters for the differential equation can be obtained for the new sampling time Ts with a 2nd order system with actual poles will be indicated hereinafter. The n1+1-th step is a special case. The way in which this transition parameter is determined will also be described.
For sampling time conversion from T_sim to Ts, firstly the continuous 2nd order transmission function corresponding to the differential equation is started from, as the differential equation can, according to FIG. 8, be considered in the form of three transmission equations with the same denominator.
This is split into nominal fractions according to the formula below, wherein a and b are real numbers (real poles).
The transmission function
(the second factor is the holding/sampling member, that is to say zero order hold) is now transformed by Z (see Ackermann [5] p. 376).
The discrete transmission function from the parameters pi (i=1, . . . ,4) of the differential equation can easily be formed. Afterwards, splitting into nominal fractions again takes place.
For the same sampling times T, G1(z)=G2(z) now applies. For the faster pulse with the sampling time T_sim, the parameters are known, consequently a, b, k1 and k2 (these are independent of the sampling time, as they are continuous parameters) are determined. The new parameters can now be determined from the same equation for the slower pulse with sampling time Ts. As overall 3 transmission functions exist for the three inputs, this process must be carried out three times.
The parameters of the transition step shown in FIG. 7 from smaller to four-times larger sampling times can be obtained by step-wise changing of the "old" differential equations into transitional differential equations, as is shown hereinbelow. As an example of numbers, larger step widths are changed over to after five hours. Of the following four equations, the first three are therefore changed stepwise into the last one. The differential equations are written out here for the temperature difference between the inside temperature and the desired comfort temperature, as will be used later for optimising.
In this way y6−Tcomfort can be represented with (y5−Tcomfort), u5 and u4.75. This is achieved as described, by step-wise changing of the differential equations for (y5.75−Tcomfort), (y5.5−Tcomfort) and (y5.25−Tcomfort) in the equation for (y6−Tcomfort). The result obtained is
The resulting set of equations for the number example described above is now as follows: 20 equations for each quarter of an hour for the time points 0.25 h to 5 h with the original parameters (for the faster pulse), a transition equation (see last equation) for the 6 h time point with transition parameters derived from the original parameters and equations for each hour for the 7 h to time horizon time points with the parameters obtained from the sampling time change process.
The seven parameters of the differential equation are estimated by a recursive least squares method. In FIG. 2 the parameter estimate is separated on the uppermost plane as a separate RLS module. Input signals of the adaptive module 13 are all measured inputs and outputs of the process, namely the flow temperature T_VRL, the external temperature T_ext and the inside temperature T_int. The estimated parameter vector θ, the forgetting factor λ and the norm of the covariant matrix P are output. The parameters are estimated from the start, their use from the start is, nevertheless, not useful. Thus, the exact time according to which the estimated parameters should find application, is output via a switch.
The adaptive module 13 is provided with the new structure ψk=[yk−1 yk−2 uk−1 uk−2 wk−1 wk−2 1]T which now carries out the recursive parameter estimation with the forgetting factor (algorithm, see Ljung [3], p. 307)
A bounded gain forgetting method is used to prevent the matrix P being unbounded, as the matrix P can have unlimited amplification if the condition of persistent excitation is not satisfied. With this bounded gain forgetting method, the behaviour of the forgetting factor λ is controlled by the two adjusting parameters λmin and Pmax. If the Frobenius norm
of the matrix P, which can be interpreted as the covariant matrix Σ(t+1|t) of the estimation error, increases compared to Pmax, the estimation error is also larger, and λ convergent with respect to 1, so old structures are no longer "forgotten". If the excitation is greater again—the condition of persistence thus satisfied—and the parameters converge, P decreases and λ converges towards the lower limit λmin.
As with the estimation of parameters, a monitor for the inside temperature is naturally only one option, if said inside temperature is to be measured. In this case, the special feature of this monitor is its use as a filter of the known inside temperature and not for estimating an unknown value. The model of the monitor also does not exactly correspond with the room model previously derived, as the current inside temperature and the inside temperature on time step earlier are selected as structures which both find application in optimisation. This new model is produced without difficulty from the differential equation, as can be seen in the following:
Differential equation:
Monitor structure:
Monitor system equations:
With reference to the sketches for the monitor hereinbelow, the monitor equation can be produced. The pole of the entire monitor system can then be pre-determined with the monitor controller matrix H.
Two types of pole input are described below: as the first, the method of pole input, which takes into account the original system, and as the second method the input of the time constants.
The pole displacement factor x determines by how much the two (real) poles of the differential equation (intrinsic value of A) in the complex planes in the continuous instance are displaced to the left or—in the corresponding discrete instance—by how much the poles of the differential equation are displaced with respect to the origin.
In order to reduce the time constants of the system with the dynamic matrix A−HC x-times with respect to the time constants of the system with the dynamic matrix A, in the discrete instance, the poles of A−HC must be selected as equal to the poles of A raised by the power of x.
Intrinsic values of A are:
Intrinsic values of A−HC are:
The determining equation of the intrinsic values of A−HC is:
The coefficient comparison with Λ2−(Λ1+Λ2)Λ+Λ1Λ2=0 now allows h1 and h2 to be determined according to the formula below:
Direct input of the (continuous) time constants Tkont of the monitor system is also possible. The poles of the discrete system are consequently
T_sim represents the sampling time of the discrete system. By coefficient comparison with the pole determining equation of the monitor system, analogous formulae for h1 and h2 are now produced, as described hereinabove.
Flow Temperature Control Loop with Possible Advance Control
To the flow temperature calculated by the optimiser 14 there is here made available a standard flow temperature control loop as reference value.
If the power output of the heating in the room is not linear in the temperature difference, it is assumed that the static, non-linear characteristic line of the heating is parametised with a parameter vector par.
can be made linear by means of an added inverse characteristic line with which the flow temperature reference value is changed such that the non-linear function can be compensated for (control in advance). This is done in that the inside temperature is replaced by its reference value T_int_soll, the power P_H by the power P_H soll calculated by the optimiser, and the above equation solved according to T_VRL and T_VRL replaced by T_VRL_soll:
If the optimiser calculates the required power, this can be used directly for P_H_soll. When the optimiser delivers the flow temperature reference value, P_H_soll must be calculated in addition. The required parameter values par can be determined from specification data.
Over the time horizon, the control vector sequence—that is to say future flow temperatures or powers—is optimised taking into account the model equations and restrictions. The optimising is here only set out with the flow temperature, but can also be carried out with the power.
Solution with Linear Programming (LP Instance)
The following performance index should be minimised in the LP instance:
yi: inside temperature at time point i
ui: flow temperature at time point i
As the room temperature is already adjusted by means of the restrictions, only the future flow temperatures T_VRL_pred are weighted, which correspond to the last n elements of the optimising structure. Because of the different lengths of the time intervals within the time horizon, the flow temperatures are also to be weighted correspondingly (energy costs remain the same).
Example: At the end of the time horizon, four-times larger time intervals
The following equality conditions and inequality conditions designated a) to c) must also be taken into account:
a) n equations for the future inside temperatures by application of the model-based forward calculation
n1 equations with small time steps:
1 equation for the transition step
n−n1−1 equations with large time steps
b) 2n inequalities for flow temperature restrictions
The above inequalities produce n inequalities for flow temperature increase restriction and n inequalities for flow temperature decrease restriction—that is to say corresponding inequalities for each time point of the advance calculation. The increase restriction is dT_VRLup and the decrease restriction is dT_VRLdown.
c) 3n restrictions of the optimising structure
Restriction of the inside temperature during occupancy:
Restriction of the inside temperature during non-occupancy:
The above restrictions produce n inequalities.
Restriction of the flow temperature:
The above restrictions produce 2n inequalities.
Solution with Quadratic Programming (OP Instance)
For the scalar instance, the following performance criterion to be minimised during occupancy is produced:
The penalty factors q, r1 and r2 are part of the comfort control and are to be selected such that the desired compromise between heat energy consumption and comfort is maintained.
Solution Algorithm
Optimising can be solved with the aid of the active set method which also known by the name of projection method (see Gill [7], [8], Luenberger [9] p. 247 ff, overview see [6], or with a simplex algorithm (see press [10]).
Here, the algorithm for the linear programming instance is written in coarse characters. This can be represented as follows:
Optimising problem:
Ai x=b i i=1, . . . , neqcstr
Ai x≦b i i=n eqcstr+1, . . . , n vars
The algorithm useable for optimising is advantageously divided into the following main steps:
PHASE I: Finding a point which satisfies the criteria
1. Normalise f, b and lines of A
2. Write bounds vlb and vub as equalities and inequalities (extension of A)
3. Deal with the equations (function eqnsolv):
seek linear dependency under the n eqcstr equations, accordingly delete equations
solve the (in our case not determined) equation system=>x
QR splitting of the active set matrix AA T=>zero space Z=Q(:, neqstr+1,nvars)
4. Finding a start point for the iteration:
If the criteria for x are not satisfied, a start procedure (see also [6], pages 2-30) is carried out, which minimises an artificial variable γ.
5. If the search was successful, the search direction SD=−ZZT f is determined (steepest descent). This has the direction of the negative gradients of the function q to be minimised (in the LP instance−f) projected towards the zero space.
PHASE II: Main routine, discovery of the optimum point
1. Find the distance d in the search direction SD possible until the first criterion is not satisfied. If two criteria are blocked at the same distance, the criterion which has the smaller index is taken into the active set (Bland's rule for anti-cycling; see [6]).
2. If no criterion exists in the search direction=>solution is unrestricted.
3. Dating of x: x=x+dSD and dating of the active set AA.
4. Calculate Lagrange multipliers λ. If λ≧0, the optimum solution has been found, and the algorithm terminates here, otherwise if d>0 remove the criterion which has the most negative Lagrange multiplier from the active set, if d=0, use Bland's rule for anti-cycling, and delete the criterion with the smallest index.
5. Continue from point 1.
Weather Forecast
The weather forecast is the part of the overall controller which is best dealt with separately. It has been shown that, for example, for the outside temperature forecast, if only one external temperature sensor is present, a method is sufficient which deals with the current measured value and the measured value 24 hours before the time point to be estimated.
Preparation of the Control Method
Preparation of the adjustment parameters and initial criteria for the room model and the controller, user and weather data.
Implementation of the Control Method
1. The controller reads-in the current weather data, the inside temperature, the flow temperature and the discrete time.
2. The weather forecast is implemented. A forecast profile of the length of the time horizon results.
3. A monitor can be used for inside temperature filtering.
4. The room occupancy is calculated in advance over the time horizon.
5. The parameters of the room model of the controller are estimated with an RLS-BGF method.
6. If the model parameters are estimated, the associated parameters for the slower pulse must be determined.
7. The optimum flow temperature profile is calculated b an LP or QP algorithm, from which a first value is established.
8. Dating of the data stored in the interim.
9. Switching of the pump, recording of the desired data.
Information with Respect to the Means Necessary for Implementation
It is obvious that the predictive controller 1 is advantageously provided with at least one processor or microcomputer and memory modules for storing programmes and data. Because the predictive controller 1 is provided with at least
a first data store, in which rules based on a linear consumer model for calculating process values are stored,
a second data store in which rules for restrictions to be observed or limit values for process values and values derived from process values are stored, and
means for repeatable optimising of the energy consumption or the energy costs with the aid of linear programming,
and is configured such that the optimising can be done over a sliding time horizon, the advantages of the invention described can be obtained.
In a variation of the invention, instead of the means for repeatable optimising of the energy consumption or of the energy costs with the aid of linear programming, the controller 1 is provided with means for repeatable optimising of process values and of values derived from process values, and of the energy consumption or the energy costs with the aid of quadratic programming.
List of literature to which reference is made in the description
[3] System identification
Theory for the user Lennart Ljung Prentice-Hall 1987 ISBN 0-13-881640-9
[5] Abtastregelung [sampling control]
J. Ackermann Springer Verlag 1972 ISBN 3-540-05707-2
[6] Optimization Toolbox User's Guide Mary Ann Branch, Andrew Grace The Maths Works 1996
[7] Procedures for Optimization Problems with a Mixture of Bounds and General Linear Constraints
P. E. Gill, W. Murray, M. A. Saunders and M. H. Wright ACM Trans. Math. Software, Vol. 0, pp. 282-298, 1984
[8] Numerical Linear Algebra and Optimization, Vol. 1
P. E. Gill, W. Murray, M. H. Wright Addison Wesley 1991
[9] Introduction to linear and nonlinear programming
David. G. Luenberger Addison Wesley 1973 ISBN 0-201-04347-5
[10] Numerical Recipes in C
The Art of Scientific Computing, Second Edition W. H. Press, S. A. Teukolsky, W. T. Vetterling, B. P. Flannery Cambridge University Press 1992 ISBN 0-521-43108-5
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IFTech is a specialist company providing a complete turnkey delivery of underground energy technologies and is the UK's Number One in Underground Thermal Energy Storage systems.
IFTech originated from the Dutch engineering consultancy IF Technology, which has been operating in energy storage and geothermal energy since 1989, thus allowing IFTech use of the knowledge and experience gained over decades within the design, implementation and operation of underground storage technologies.
Our technologies provide both renewable heating and renewable cooling. The systems we deliver are eligible for the Renewable Heat Incentive (RHI), a very important Government initiative for our industry. In a future conscious society where both regulations and commercial interests come together to seek a sustainable solution, IFTech offer a complete package of design expertise and delivery that is both low on risk and high on reliability.
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Home › Food and Beverage › Convenience and Frozen Food
Convenience and Frozen Food Market Research Reports & Consulting
Find Convenience & Frozen Food market research reports and Convenience & Frozen Food industry analysis including industry overviews, market segmentation data, market share and growth. see less
Market Reports
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Frozen Bakery Products Market by Type (Breads, Pizza Crusts, Cakes & Pastries), Distribution Channel (Artisan Bakers, Retail, Catering & Industrial), and Technology (Raw Products, Ready-to-Bake, Ready Baked & Frozen) - Global Forecast to 2022
An excellent growth has been recorded in the global frozen bakery products market over the last couple of decades. The market size is projected to reach USD 23.48 Billion by 2022, at a CAGR of around 7.9% from 2016. Increase in demand for convenient food products and drive for greater taste, safety, and consistency are the major factors driving the global frozen bakery products market. Emerging countries such as India, China, Brazil, Argentina, and Malaysia among others are the potential markets for frozen bakery products, as consumers in these markets are demanding for readily available and new varieties of food products.
|December 2016
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Frozen Food Market Analysis by Products Type and by Geography - Trends And Forecasts (2010 - 2015)
The report Global Frozen Food Market Analysis By Products Type And By Geography - Trends And Forecasts (2010 2015) is a study of global frozen food and beverage market. This report analyzes the global frozen foods market on the basis of various products such as fruits and vegetables, soups, fish, meat and ready meals such as frozen pizza, frozen desserts, snacks and pasta.
|February 2011
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Global Baby Food Market (20092014)
This report highlights the basic structure of the global baby food market and its various sub-products, such as baby cereals, bottled baby foods, frozen baby foods, baby snacks and baby soups. These individual markets are further broken down into their respective sub segments based on products, ingredients, target age group and the health benefits of each product.
|July 2009
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