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A cross-sectional study to estimate high-risk human papillomavirus prevalence and type distribution in Italian women aged 18–26 years
Pre-vaccination information on HPV type-specific prevalence in target populations is essential for designing and monitoring immunization strategies for cervical cancer (CC) prevention. Data on HPV prevalence in Italy are available for women over the age of 24 years, target of the population-based CC screening programmes; while data of HPV prevalence in younger ages are very limited. The present study enrolled Italian women aged 18–26 years in order to assess the prevalence and distribution of high-risk (HR) HPV types. Risk-factors correlated with HR-HPV positivity were also described.
A sample of 2,289 women was randomly selected from the resident population lists of ten Local Health Units (LHUs) located in six Italian Regions scattered across the country; both rural and urban LHUs were involved. Women aged between 18 and 26 years and living in the selected LHUs were included in the study; pregnant women and women who did not speak Italian were excluded. A total of 1,102 women met the inclusion criteria and agreed to participate. Participants were offered pap test and Hybrid-Capture 2 (HC2) test for HR-HPV types and genotyping was performed on positive smears.
Out of 1,094 valid samples, 205 (18.7%) were HR-HPV positive. Women with 2–4 (ORadj = 4.15, 95%CI: 2.56-6.72) and ≥5 lifetime partners (ORadj = 10.63, 95%CI: 6.16-18.36) and women who have used any contraceptive in the last six months (ORadj = 1.67, 95%CI: 1.09-2.54) had a higher risk to be infected; women living with their partner had a lower risk (ORadj = 0.56, 95%CI: 0.34-0.92) to acquire infection than women living with parents/friends/alone. Among HC2 positive women, HPV16 was the most prevalent type (30.9%), followed by 31 (19.6%), 66 (12.9%), 51 (11.3%), 18 (8.8%), 56 (8.8%). Co-infections of HR-HC2 targeted types were found in 20.4% of positive samples. The HR-HPV prevalence in women with abnormal cytology (52.4%) was significantly higher than in women with normal cytology (14.6%); however 33.0% of HR-HPV infected women had an abnormal cytology.
HR-HPV prevalence in Italian women aged 18–26 years was 19%, higher than what detected for older women, by other studies using the same molecular method and laboratory network; this result supports the choice of electing girls before the sexual debut as the primary target of HPV vaccination. The HPV type distribution found in this study may represent a baseline picture; an accurate post-vaccine surveillance is necessary to early detect a possible genotype replacement. The high prevalence of viral types other than vaccine-HPV types supports the necessity to guarantee the progression of CC screening programmes in vaccinated women.
In the last decade many studies have shown that infection with high-risk (HR) types of human papillomavirus (HPV) is a necessary condition for the development of invasive cervical cancer (CC)
As of July 2010, 18 European countries had integrated HPV vaccination in their national immunization programmes, most of them targeting pre-adolescent girls; nine countries had also planned catch up programmes for older girls
Pre-vaccination distribution of HPV genotypes in target populations is essential for designing, monitoring and evaluating immunization strategies. Baseline prevalence is relevant to estimate vaccine effectiveness against the HPV-vaccine types, to evaluate the cross-protection of the vaccines, and to monitor over time the relative frequency of genotypes under the selective pressure of the vaccines.
Data on HPV prevalence in Italy are available for women over the age of 24 years
Study design and study population
This cross-sectional study was carried out in the period 2007–2009, coordinated by the Istituto Superiore di Sanità (ISS, Italy's National Institute of Public Health) and partially sponsored by the Ministry of Health. It was part of a national project (PreGio), which also included a KAP (knowledge-attitudes-practices) survey on HPV infection and CC prevention
A sample of 2,289 women was randomly selected from the resident population lists of ten Local Health Units (LHU) located in six Italian Regions scattered across the country: Abruzzo and Campania in southern Italy (1,026), Lazio and Tuscany in central Italy (388) and Emilia-Romagna and Piedmont in northern Italy (875). Both rural and urban LHUs were involved; all 10 LHUs have population-based CC screening programmes.
The inclusion criteria for the study were: women aged between 18 and 26 years and living in the selected LHUs. Pregnant women and women who did not speak Italian were excluded. The women were stratified into two age groups (18–24 and 25–26 years), partially overlapping (25–26 years) with the target age of population-based CC screening. Procedures for enrolling participants as well as study methodology have already been described
All women were offered Pap-test and HPV test; a written informed consent was obtained by each participant. Selected midwives, especially trained for this study, were in charge of contacting sampled women, collecting socio-demographic data and information regarding sexual and reproductive history, getting informed consent and performing cervical smears. The study was approved by the national ethics committee of the ISS.
Cervical smears were taken according to the consolidate CC-screening procedures at the LHU. In most Regions (Tuscany, Piedmont, Emilia-Romagna, Lazio, Campania) two cervical samples were taken: one for Pap-test and one for the HPV test in Specimen Transport Medium (STM, DNAPAP cervical sampler, Qiagen, Gaithersburg, USA); for STM sample, cytobrush was used to obtain samples. In Abruzzo Region the cervical cell specimens were put in PreservCyt solution (Hologic, Inc., Marlborough, MA) and used both for HPV testing and for cytological examination; for Preservcyt sample, Ayre spatula and cytobrush were used. The cytology was interpreted locally according to Bethesda 2001 system
Women aged 25–26 years followed the routine protocol of treatment or follow-up according to cytological results. A specific protocol for 18–24 year-old women was adopted: colposcopy was offered to women with HSIL (high squamous intraepithelial lesions) and ASCH (atypical squamous cells that cannot exclude high-grade lesions), while women with LSIL (low squamous intraepithelial lesions) or less severe lesions were invited to repeat pap-test two years later and colposcopy was offered only if, after two years, the diagnosis was still LSIL or it progressed to a more severe lesion.
HPV testing
The HPV test was performed using Hybrid Capture 2 (HC2 High-Risk HPV DNA, Qiagen; Hilden, Germany) according to the manufacturer's instructions. It is a hybridization assay which detects the presence of HPV-DNA using cocktails of RNA probes and an amplified, chemiluminescent signal. The high-risk group of probes B, designed to detect HPV types 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59 and 68, was used. The assay is calibrated on a positive cut off (pc) of 1 pg/ml of HPV-DNA. Samples were considered positive when the ratio between the Relative Light Units (RLU) of specimen and the pc attained or exceeded the value of 1.0.
A regional laboratory was identified in Tuscany, Piedmont, Abruzzo and Emilia-Romagna Regions for performing HPV testing; the Analytical and Biomolecular Cytology Unit of the Cancer Prevention and Research Institute (ISPO) in Tuscany also analysed samples from Campania and Lazio Regions.
Genotyping was performed on HR-HC2 positive samples. DNA was extracted using the QIAamp DNAMini kit (Qiagen) according to the manufacturer's instructions. For PreservCyt™ samples the elution volume varied from 80 to 100 μl depending on the size of the pellet, while for STM samples 100 μl of elution buffer (Buffer AE) were used. To facilitate a higher recovery of DNA a double elution was done for all the samples. HR-HC2 positive samples were typed using the "Consensus High Risk HPV genotyping" kit assay (Digene Corporation, Gaithersburg, USA). The test is based on the reverse hybridization principle. Denaturated biotynilated amplicons, resulting from the amplification of a part of the L1 region with GP5+/GP6+ primers, were hybridized with specific oligonucleotide probes, which were immobilized as parallel lines on membrane strips (Reverse Line Blot Hybridization). The hybrids were detected with alkaline phosphatase–streptavidin conjugate and substrate (5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolylphosphate and nitroblue tetrazolium), resulting in a purple precipitate at positive probe lines. The kit allows the identification of 18 HPV types (16, 18, 26, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 53, 56, 58, 59, 66, 68, 73, 82). One HPV-positive control and two negative PCR controls (a purified DNA sample negative for HPV and a DNA free sample) were included in each PCR run and subsequent Reverse Line Blot (RLB). GP5+/GP6+ PCR-negative and RLB-negative samples were amplified for the β-globin gene sequence using GH20-PC04 primers (268-bp amplicon length) to assess DNA integrity (Bauer).
The molecular Laboratory of ISPO performed genotyping of samples collected in all Italian regions involved in the study except samples collected in Piedmont Region, which were genotyped at the Center for Experimental Research and Medical Science of the Turin University. ISPO also coordinated the molecular activities of the whole project, standardizing the procedures for storing and analysing the samples according to a protocol defined to guarantee the quality of molecular methods
Statistical analysis
Categorical variables were summarized by absolute frequencies and percentages, and continuous variables by means and Standard Error (SE). The Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test were used to compare proportions; the
Confounding was assessed by a multivariate logistic regression approach; all variables with a p-value ≤0.15 in the univariate analysis were included in the multivariate model and retained in the final model according to a log-likelihood-ratio test for goodness-of-fit. Statistical analysis was performed using STATA 11.2 (Stata Corporation, College Station, Texas, USA).
Study population
Recruitment was performed in the period ranging from February 2008 to April 2009. The initial sample included 2,289 women; 239 did not meet the inclusion criteria (124 did not live in the selected LHU, 57 were pregnant, 45 were not included in the 18–26 years range of age and 13 did not speak Italian) and were replaced, and 290 could not be contacted. Thus 1,999 women were offered Pap test and HPV test. Among them, 897 (44.9%) declined participation for several issues (non interested in the study, practical constraints, health disorders, HPV-positivity, recent previous Pap-test, embarrassment, parental advice, safety concerns, no sexual activity) (Figure
Figure 1
Study population
Study population. *Not traced: women who were not traced although three phone calls and two home visits. **Not eligible: women who did not meet inclusion criteria and were replaced with women of the same age group and local health unit. ***Declined participation: women who were contacted and met the inclusion criteria, but refused to participate in the prevalence study. ‡Un-typeable samples: HR-HC2 positive samples that resulted negative at any of the 18 types identifiable by the kit assay used for genotyping.
In conclusion a total of 1,102 out of 2,289 women (48.1%) were enrolled in the study. In order to calculate the participation rate to the prevalence study, we considered more appropriate to exclude from the denominator (2,289) the 154 women (among the 897 women who declined participation) who spontaneously declared not to be sexually active: therefore the participation rate was 51.6% (1,102/2,135), with a range among LHUs of 23.9-80.7.
The mean age of participants was 23.8 ± 0.07 years; 40.7% lived in northern Italy, 37.8% in southern Italy, and 21.5% in central Italy. Most women were Italian (93.7%), unmarried (89.3%) and had a high educational level, defined as > 8 years of education (80.2%). Detailed socio-behavioural characteristics are shown in Table
HPV prevalence and genotyping
The Pap-test was performed on 1,099 cervical smears because three samples were missed (they were included in the CC screening programme, instead of being included in the PreGio study) and the HR-HPV testing was performed on 1,094 out of 1,999 samples (the material of five samples was not sufficient for HR-HC2 test). The proportion of HR-HC2 positive samples was 18.7% (205/1,094) and did not differ by geographic area and age group (Table
The genotyping was performed on 202/205 HR-HPV positive samples (three samples were not adequate because material was not sufficient for genotyping) and 194 (96%) showed positivity at least for one of the 18 types identifiable by the kit assay used for genotyping. In contrast, eight samples (4%) did not result positive at any of these 18 types: this proportion is in line with data reported in literature
Among Hybrid Capture positive women HPV16 was the most prevalent type (30.9%), followed by 31 (19.6%), 66 (12.9%), 51 (11.3%), 18 (8.8%), 56 (8.8%) and 58 (8.3%); all the other types were detected at frequencies lower than 5.2% (Table
The prevalence of HPV 26, 53, 66, 73, 82 is underestimated because these HPV types are detected by the "Consensus High Risk HPV genotyping" assay, but they are not targeted by HR-HC2 test; the detection of HPV 26, 53, 66, 73, 82 is due to an occasional cross-hybridization of HR-HC2 method or co-infection with HPV-targeted types, therefore they could more likely appear in multiple than single infections. For this reason we limited the analysis of multiple infections to the 13 HR-HPV types targeted by HR-HC2 test.
Out of 181 women infected by HR-HC2 targeted types, 37 (20.4%) had a multiple infection (36 infected by two types and one by three types). No difference in socio-demographic characteristics and sexual and reproductive history was found between women presenting a multiple and single infection. HPV16 was the most common genotype detected in multiple infections, followed by HPV31 and 18. Table
Determinants of high risk HPV prevalence
The univariate analysis of socio-behavioural characteristics and HR-HPV infection is reported in Table
The following variables were included in the multivariate model: marital status, "living with", age at first sexual intercourse, age at first delivery, parity, number of lifetime partners, number of partners in the last six months, use of contraceptives in the last six months.
In the multivariate logistic regression model (Table
The pap-test result was available for 1,093/1,094 cervical smears tested for HR-HC2; 5.7% (62/1,093) of samples were inadequate, cytology was normal in 83.0% samples (907/1,093) and abnormal in 11.3% (124/1,093) samples: 62 ASCUS/AGUS (atypical squamous/glandular cervical cells of undetermined significance), 52 LSIL, 6 ASCH and 4 HSIL. The proportion of HR-HPV positivity was significantly higher in women with abnormal cytology (65/124, 52.4%) than in women with normal cytology (132/907, 14.6%) (p < 0,001). Among the 197 HPV-infected women with adequate cytology, 65 (33.0%) had an abnormal finding.
HPV16 was the most frequent virus strain in normal cytology, ASCUS/AGUS, LSIL and ASCH, detected in 29.3, 47.8, 24.2 and 66.7% of the samples respectively. All the four HSIL were HR-HPV positive and four different types were detected respectively (16, 18, 31, 33).
We found a prevalence of HR-HPV infections of 19% in a sample of Italian women aged 18–26 years. This percentage is in agreement with an Italian study which used a similar methodology to measure the HR-HPV prevalence in 18–24 year-old women from Tuscany Region
Cervical cancer incidence is lower in the South than in the North of Italy, therefore a lower HR-HPV prevalence in the general population was expected in the South. Instead, we did not find any difference in HR-HPV prevalence rates between northern, central and southern regions of Italy, confirming what reported by Agarossi and coll.
Genotype HPV16 was detected in 31% of HR-HC2 positive samples, followed by 31, 66, 51 and 18. This is well consistent with the results of a comprehensive meta-analysis on HPV positive women with normal cytology conducted by de Sanjosé and coll.
According to the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) classification, HPV16, 31, 51 and 18 are classified as "carcinogenic to humans", while HPV 66 is classified as "possibly carcinogenic"
As expected, we found that women with cervical cytological abnormalities were at significantly increased risk for being infected by HR-HPV types than women with normal cytology (52 vs. 15%). Current Italian studies involving women with cytological abnormalities (different ages and enrolment criteria) reported HR-HPV prevalence of 34-68%, increasing with cytology severity: 24-56% in case of diagnosis of ASCUS/AGUS, 42-72% in LSIL and 73-95% in HSIL
Co-infections of HR-HC2 targeted types represented the 20% of HPV positive samples. This value is included in the range (15-50%) reported in literature
The multivariate analysis evidenced the role of the number of lifetime sexual partners as determinant of HPV infection, consistently with other studies
The major strengths of this study are that the sample was large and it targeted an age group that has not been investigated extensively.
Among the limitations, it should be mentioned the fact that our sample may not be entirely representative of Italy's general population of females aged 18–26 years because only ten LHUs in six Regions participated, though local probabilistic samples were population-based and both urban and rural LHUs in northern, central and southern Italy were involved.
In addition the participation rate was 52%, therefore our findings could not be representative of the entire study population; however differences in socio-demographic characteristics between participants and people who declined participation were minimal.
The participation rate could be underestimated because we have excluded from the initial sample the 154 women who spontaneously declared not to be sexually active, but we do not know if other women, who declined participation, were virgin too (we did not collect this information). This age group represents a difficult target for prevention measures, because in Italy young adult women are not accustomed to being targeted by preventive programmes; moreover, enrolled women were offered the participation to a package of activities within the PreGio project, which is more difficult to be accepted than a single cervical smear. On the other hand, it should be noted that the study personnel had received special training and that a high number of attempts were made to contact non-respondents. Two other studies
As already mentioned, another limitation is that the prevalence of HPV 26, 53, 66, 73 and 82 could be heavily underestimated because they are not targeted by HR-HC2 test. In fact HPV 73 and 82 were observed only in co-infection with other HR-HPV types, suggesting that they could have been found only because coexisted with HPV types detected by HR-HC2 probes B (for this reason we excluded HR-HC2 not targeted types from the analysis of co-infections).
We measured the genital HR-HPV prevalence in Italian women aged 18–26 years before the introduction of HPV vaccination across all the areas of Italy; we found a prevalence of 19%, higher than what detected for older women
The HPV type distribution found in this study may represent a baseline picture; an accurate post-vaccine surveillance is, in fact, necessary to early detect a possible genotype replacement. The high prevalence of viral types other than vaccine-HPV types supports the necessity to guarantee the progression of CC screening programmes in vaccinated women. Studies linking screening programmes with vaccine immunization registries should be performed to evaluate the HPV vaccine effectiveness on vaccine-related and not-vaccine related types.
Competing interests
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
Authors' contributions
CG coordinated and monitored the project activities, analysed the data, interpreted the results, drafted and edited the manuscript. SDo designed the study, coordinated and monitored the project activities, interpreted the results and revised the manuscript. FC and GR participated in the study design, carried out the immunoassays, coordinated the activities of laboratories and revised the manuscript. SS designed the study, interpreted the results and revised the manuscript. SDe coordinated and monitored the project activities and revised the manuscript. MLCdA designed the study, coordinated and monitored the project activities in the first phase of the project and revised the manuscript. AB analysed the data and revised the manuscript. MPA, SB, NC, DF, AL, MCM, RN, EB participated in the study design and coordinated the activities in their local health units. EB, AG, VM, PP carried out the immunoassays. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
We wish to thank all the additional members of the PreGio Working group1 for their precious and active collaboration in all the activities of this study. We also wish to thank all the enrolled women, whose participation was essential to achieve the PreGio results.
1Additional members of the PreGio Working Group: B. De Mei, S. De Santis, A. Filia, S. Giannitelli, S. Lana, F. Meduri, G. Nacca, A. Ranghiasci (ISS, Roma); M. Toschi (Umbria Region); L. Caroselli, M. Gallese, C. Gallina, R. Nardella (Avezzano/Sulmona LHU); C. Angeloni, S. Acciavatti, A. Angelozzi, M. Di Febo, R. Mucciarelli (Teramo LHU); C. Granchelli, M. Patrizii, I. Taglione, E. Tini (Pescara LHU); MT. Pini, M. Faredo, G. Gallicchio, R. Granata, A. Improta, E. Lorido, A. Musella, MA. Petricciuoli, I. Scherillo (Napoli 2 Nord LHU); M. Becca, P. Cavalli, P. Quercia, R. Raspanti, O. Turrini (Imola LHU); MG. Aloi, G. Belletti, P. Biavati, A. Calzolari, B. Fava, A. Montrone, G. Nanetti, D. Onofri, S. Salerno (Bologna LHU); L. Bonelli, A. Brachini, T. Cappelli, AM. Casciani, G. Esposito, M. Mosconi, P. Polesi (Viterbo LHU); E. Anselmo, L. Avalle, P. Baracco, E. Lucchini (Ivrea 9 LHU); M. Meda, G. Cavani (Torino 1 LHU); M. Caruana, R. Rizzolo (CPO, Torino); MG. Santini, S. Peroni, S. Pini, D. Trotto (AS Firenze); L. Brandigi, C. Di Pierro, C. Sani (ISPO Firenze); L. De Marco (CERMS, University of Turin).
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NTCC study group. The New technologies for cervical cancer screening randomized controlled trial. An overview of results during the first phase of recruitment
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Restricted cross-reactivity of hybrid capture 2 with nononcogenic human papillomavirus types
Human Papillomavirus genotype specificity of Hybrid Capture 2
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Prevalence and genotype identification of human papilloma virus in women undergoing voluntary cervical cancer screening in Molise, central Italy
Epidemiology and genotype distribution of human papillomavirus (HPV) in women of Sardinia (Italy)
Prevalence and type distribution of high-risk human papillomavirus infection in women undergoing voluntary cervical cancer screening in Italy
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Prevalence and type distribution of human papillomavirus infection in women from North Sardinia, Italy
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Prevalence of human papillomavirus infection in women in Turin, Italy
Pre-publication history
The pre-publication history for this paper can be accessed here:


text:
Greener incorporates lasers and custom-designed optics to create thin luminous planes of light traversing the landscape. Surface textures are heightened in the laser planes, as are the interactions between people and the land as they cross the terrain.
Interactive Laser Installation
W 100' x D 250'
An Olympic Sculpture Park Opening Event 12.15.16 - EXTENDED through
January 20th 2017 Seattle, WA
hours: 5 to 5:15 when park closes

subset: commoncrawl


text:
THE ART OF THE STEAL: A third-rate motorcycle daredevil and part-time art thief teams up with his snaky brother to steal one of the most valuable books in the world. 1 hr. 30; R.
ENDLESS LOVE: The story of a privileged girl and a charismatic boy whose instant desire sparks a love affair made only more reckless by parents trying to keep them apart. 1 hr. 43; PG-13.
PHILOMENA: A world-weary political journalist picks up the story of a woman's search for her son, who was taken away from her decades ago after she became pregnant and was forced to live in a convent. 1 hr. 38; PG-13.
RIDE ALONG: Fast-talking security guard Ben joins cop James on a 24-hour patrol of Atlanta in order to prove himself worthy of marrying Angela, James' sister. 1 hr. 40; PG-13.
300: RISE OF AN EMPIRE: Greek general Themistokles leads the charge against invading Persian forces led by mortal-turned-god Xerxes and Artemisia, vengeful commander of the Persian navy. 1 hr. 42; R.
AUGUST: OSAGE COUNTY: A look at the lives of the strong-willed women of the Weston family, whose paths have diverged until a family crisis brings them back to the Oklahoma house they grew up in, and to the dysfunctional woman who raised them. 1 hr. 59; R.
CAPTAIN PHILLIPS: The true story of Captain Richard Phillips and the 2009 hijacking by Somali pirates of the US-flagged MV Maersk Alabama, the first American cargo ship to be hijacked in 200 years. 2 hr. 13; PG-13.
*DIVERGENT: In a world divided by factions based on virtues, Tris learns she's Divergent and won't fit in. When she discovers a plot to destroy Divergents, Tris and the mysterious Four must find out what makes Divergents dangerous before it's too late. 2 hr. 20; PG-13.
*ECOFOCUS FILM FESTIVAL: Athens-based series that seeks to push the usual boundaries of "environmental" by screening diverse films that explore meanings and possibilities for what it is to be alive on our planet today.
FROZEN: Fearless optimist Anna teams up with Kristoff in an epic journey, encountering Everest-like conditions, and a hilarious snowman named Olaf in a race to find Anna's sister Elsa, whose icy powers have trapped the kingdom in eternal winter. 1 hr. 42; PG.
HER: A lonely writer develops an unlikely relationship with his newly purchased operating system that's designed to meet his every need. 2 hr. 6; R.
THE HOBBIT: THE DESOLATION OF SMAUG: The dwarves, along with Bilbo Baggins and Gandalf the Grey, continue their quest to reclaim Erebor, their homeland, from Smaug. Bilbo Baggins is in possession of a mysterious and magical ring. 2 hr. 41; PG-13.
THE HUNGER GAMES: CATCHING FIRE: Katniss Everdeen and Peeta Mellark become targets of the Capitol after their victory in the 74th Hunger Games sparks a rebellion in the Districts of Panem. 2 hr. 26; PG-13.
THE LEGO MOVIE: An ordinary LEGO minifigure, mistakenly thought to be the extraordinary MasterBuilder, is recruited to join a quest to stop an evil LEGO tyrant from gluing the universe together. 1 hr. 35; PG.
THE MONUMENTS MEN: An unlikely World War II platoon is tasked to rescue art masterpieces from Nazi thieves and return them to their owners. 1 hr. 58; PG-13.
MR. PEABODY & SHERMAN: The time-travelling adventures of an advanced canine and his adopted son, as they endeavor to fix a time rift they created. 1 hr. 32; PG.
*MUPPETS MOST WANTED: While on a grand world tour, The Muppets find themselves wrapped into an European jewel-heist caper headed by a Kermit the Frog look-alike and his dastardly sidekick. 1 hr. 46; PG.
NEED FOR SPEED: Fresh from prison, a street racer who was framed by a wealthy business associate joins a cross country race with revenge in mind. His ex-partner, learning of the plan, places a massive bounty on his head as the race begins. 2 hr. 10; PG-13.
NON-STOP: An air marshal springs into action during a transatlantic flight after receiving a series of text messages that put his fellow passengers at risk unless the airline transfers $150 million into an off-shore account. 1 hr. 46; PG-13.
THE NUT JOB: An incorrigibly self-serving exiled squirrel finds himself helping his former park brethren raid a nut store to survive, that is also the front for a human gang's bank robbery. 1 hr. 26; PG.
THE SINGLE MOMS CLUB: Brought together by an incident at their children's school, a group of single mothers from different walks of life bond and create a support group that helps them find comedy in the obstacles of life. 1 hr. 51; PG-13.
SON OF GOD: The life story of Jesus is told from his humble birth through his teachings, crucifixion and ultimate resurrection. 2 hr. 18; PG-13.
THOR: THE DARK WORLD: When Jane Foster is possessed by a great power, Thor must protect her from a new threat of old times: the Dark Elves. 1 hr. 51; PG-13.
TYLER PERRY'S A MADEA CHRISTMAS: Madea dispenses her unique form of holiday spirit on rural town when she's coaxed into helping a friend pay her daughter a surprise visit in the country for Christmas. 1 hr. 40; PG-13.
— Staff and wire reports
300: Rise of an Empire 3D (R) 7 p.m. Fri.-Wed., with additional shows at 1 p.m. Fri.-Sun.
300: Rise of an Empire (R) 4 and 9:30 p.m. Fri.-Wed.
Divergent: (PG-13) 4, 5, 7, 8, 9 and 10 p.m. Fri.-Wed., with additional shows at 1 p.m. Fri.-Sun.
Endless Love: (PG-13) 7 p.m. Thurs. only.
The LEGO Movie: (PG) 4 and 6:45 p.m. Fri.-Wed., with additional shows at 1 p.m. Fri.-Sun.
The Monuments Men (PG-13) 9:45 p.m. Fri.-Wed.
Mr. Peabody & Sherman 3D: (PG) 4:15 and 9:30 p.m. Thurs. only.
Mr. Peabody & Sherman (PG): 4:30, 7:30 and 10 p.m. Fri.-Wed., with additional shows at 1:30 p.m. Fri.-Sun.
Muppets Most Wanted: (PG) 4, 4:45, 6:45, 7:30 and 10 p.m. Fri.-Wed., with additional shows at 12:45 and 1:30 p.m. Fri.-Sun.
Need For Speed: 3D (PG-13) 7 p.m. Fri.-Wed., with additional shows at 1 p.m. Fri.-Sun.
Need For Speed: (PG-13) 4 and 9:45 p.m. Fri.-Wed.
Non-Stop: (PG-13) 4, 7:15 and 10 p.m. Fri.-Wed., with additional shows at 1:15 p.m. Fri.-Sun.
Philomena: (PG-13) 4:15 and 10 p.m. Thurs. only.
Ride Along: (PG-13) 4:30, 7 and 9:30 p.m. Thurs. only.
The Single Moms Club: (PG-13) 4:15, 7:15 and 10 p.m. Fri.-Sun., with additional shows at 1:15 p.m. Fri.-Sun.
Son of God (PG-13) 3:45, 6:45 and 9:45 p.m. Fri.-Wed., with additional shows at 12:45 p.m. Fri.-Sun.
August: Osage County (R) 4:05, 7:05 and 9:45 p.m. Thurs.
Captain Phillip:s (PG-13) 10 p.m. Thurs.
The Hobbit: The Desolation of Smaug (PG-13) 4:30 and 8 p.m. Thurs.
The Hunger Games: Catching Fire (PG-13) 4, 7 and 9:55 p.m. Thurs.
The Nut Job (PG) 5:05 and 7:20 p.m. Thurs.
Thor: The Dark World (PG-13) 7:10 p.m. Thurs.
Tyler Perry's A Madea Christmas: (PG-13) 4:20 and 10:05 p.m. Thurs.
The Art of the Steal (R) 5:15 and 8:15 p.m. Thurs. only.
EcoFocus Film Festival: (NR) 6 p.m. Thurs. through 7:30 p.m. Tues.
Her (R) 4:45 p.m. Thurs. only.


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want answer, just curious.
When should my son be rolling over? When do they start crawling? My son is 5 months old and hasn't rolled over yet, is that normal?
I think they should be between 3-5 months. Just make sure you give him lots of tummy time and it'll happen.
I agree with Tessa, especially if your son is reaching all his other milestones. When in doubt ask your doctor. He still has time yet to start crawling. That doesn't usually happen until 6-9 months and that's just an average guideline. Some babies will crawl sooner and others later.
Thank. I give him tummy time but he cries very loud to the point where he can't breath, and I don't leave him on his tummy for no more than 2 mins and he doesn't even try to crawl, maybe cause he's too fat lol.
I am pretty sure your doctor should be asking about these milestones.. what do they say or ask you?
Nothing, he has a doc appointment Friday, she asked if he was rolling yet at the last visit which was 2 months ago. She hasn't really been giving. Me advice for anything.
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Student Life
Students of Student Life studies need not worry about paying for over-priced textbooks anymore – renting textbooks is an option! Student Life textbooks – for example College Survival 5th ed by [Arco], and POWER Learning: Strategies for Success in College and Life by [Robert S. Feldman] – are often some of the most frequently updated books by Publishing companies. The field of Student Life is constantly changing, and new editions can come yearly and at a huge cost to students who continually buy new books. So why buy when you can rent cheap textbooks? There are plenty of Student Life books to rent – BookRenter has of them all!
Used book sales can be a cheap option as well, but often can be more expensive than textbook rentals. However, there are very few return policies with used books, and especially when taking Student Life classes, buying a used book can be dangerous and costly.
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jLike Button enables users to make connections to webpage and share content with friends on Facebook with just one click.
Since the content is hosted by Facebook, the button can display personalized content whether or not the user has logged into the site. Users who are already logged in on Facebook, the button is personalized to highlight friends who have also liked the page. jLike button is developed with FaceBook standards.
Current version of jLike Button plug-in supports only iframe with many parameters. Further versions may contain XFBML tag also. jLike works with Joomla! ® 1.5.x, 2.5.x and 3.0
1.0.1(05-May-2010) Fix the URL for article.
1.0.2(10-May-2010) Fix the error when enabling mambot support in Kunena
1.0.3(12-May-2010) Added features to exclude the Sections, Categories, FrontPage articles and Articles.
1.0.4(24-May-2010) Added features to exclude the jLike button on Section Blog, Section List, Category Blog and Category List pages.
1.0.5(31-May-2010) Fixed the layout issue. Added features to exclude component.
1.0.6(17-June-2010) Added Share button option. User can now choose either Share or Like button.
1.0.7(28-July-2010) Fixed code to validate with XHTML.
1.0.8(27-June-2011) Added "Box Count" in Layout option. User can now choose layout from 3 available options.
1.0.9(6-Jan-2015) Added Facebook Follow button,Send button,Comment box and Embedded Posts button.
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The admin access notification feature is an eye-opening attribute! If there isn't a page to log into, then they'll go somewhere else. It would be suspicious for anyone other than myself to access the admin panel, so once I'm notified of a threat, I'll usually just...


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Delicate Hearts and Elegance and Dreams
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Still playing with latest freebie 'Delicate Hearts' and also 'a prev one 'Elegance and Dreams' both by Algera Designs..thank you Heather love these so much xxx .. blended a material over a b/g with colour dodge effect and got mauve shades so then retinted elements where required to fit.. thank you for looking xxx
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- Published on 11th April 2012
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Algera on 11th April 2012
Ooh, The colours on this are Gorgeous Gill, Love the entire page xx
RMC on 11th April 2012
Lovely page
jennyjennyjenny on 11th April 2012
beautiful page
mazza1950 on 11th April 2012
Love it Gill-great blending and fab colours!
sunset on 11th April 2012
tudorose on 13th April 2012
Oooh gorgeous page, beautiful colours and blending. I love how the kits can be mixed and matched.xxx


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Whatman Puradisc 13mm Sterile Syringe Filters
Whatman Puradisc 13mm Sterile Syringe Filters may be used for biological and HPLC sample preparation.
Manufacturer: Whatman 67911302
SpecificationsDescription & Specifications
- Diameter: 13mm
- Sample volume up to 10mL
- Low hold-up volume <25µL ensures maximum sample recovery
- Optional glass microfiber
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Traditional Hummus is prepared from chickpeas, tahini, olive oil, lemon and garlic, that are low in unhealthy saturated fat, rich in protein, calcium and antioxidants. Hummus as a whole contains plenty of healthy Omega 3 fatty acids, iron, vitamin B6, manganese, copper, folic acid and essential amino acids like Tryptophan, phenylalanine and tyrosine.
One of my favorite foods that is packed with nutrients and health benefits is Hummus. Traditionally this dish is a favorite in Middle Eastern countries and it is now very popular in other parts of the world. It has a texture and consistency similar to peanut butter. It is very easy to make and a great addition to your holiday appetizers menu.
Ingredients that make Hummus healthy
1. Chickpeas
The nutritional benefits of hummus can be rooted down from each of its ingredients. For one, chickpeas are very healthy because they do not contain any cholesterol or saturated fats. They are also rich in protein. This makes hummus a favorite among vegetarians. Chickpeas are also known to be effective in preventing build up of cholesterol in the blood vessels. Apart from that, it can maintain correct blood sugar levels.
2. Tahini
Tahini, meanwhile, is full of fat and calories. However, the fact that it is used sparingly in most hummus recipes and that it mostly contains unsaturated fat means there is not much to worry about. Like chickpeas, tahini is also high in protein. Apart from that, it is a great source of calcium.
3. Olive Oil
Another healthy ingredient found in hummus is olive oil. As most people know, olive oil is a healthy fat. It has high monounsaturated fat content but low in saturated fat. This oil can thus help regulate cholesterol and protect the heart from various diseases.
4. Garlic and Lemon Juice
Garlic and lemon juice, meanwhile, are filled with antioxidants that reduce oxidative stress in the body. They also work to improve immune functions and fight of bacteria and viruses.
General Health Benefits of Hummus
- Hummus as a whole contains plenty of Omega 3 fatty acids, which are great for improving intelligence and maintaining a healthy heart.
- Also has iron, vitamin B6, manganese, copper, folic acid, and amino acids.
- Tryptophan, phenylalanine, and tyrosine are the amino acids found in hummus that can promote good quality sleep and uplift one's mood.
Combinations for Hummus


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The Funding Agreement is the contract between the Secretary of State for Education and Shaw Education Trust that sets out the terms on which the Trust is funded. Please click here to download.
The Memorandum of Association is a legal statement that contains the names of the founding members of Shaw Education Trust. Please click here to download.
The Articles of Association outline the rules about how Shaw Education Trust must be run. Please click here to download.
You'll need Adobe Reader to read these documents, which you can download free here.
The Lodge, Wolstanton High School, Milehouse Lane, Wolstanton, Newcastle-under-Lyme, Stafffordshire ST5 9JU Email: email@example.com: 01782 742910
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I'm really excited to show you all this collection, so no chit chat, we're going to DIVE right in. Once again, Cirque Colors has paired with Nordstrom and their creative director Olivia Kim to create an exclusive collection just for the new Poolside Pop In collection. This limited edition release features a range of cool-toned colors accented with poppy hues for a touch of Hollywood glam. They will only be available for a limited time only, May 29th through June 28th. So lets check them out!
Up first is Julep one of two holos from this collection. Julep is a mint holographic polish that is so unique. I don't think I've got another one like this. I've used two thin coats for full coverage.
Next up is Santorini. This medium blue cobalt polish really brings to mind the Greek Island it's named for. I think I need to go back ASAP! This is a creme polish that applies evenly with two coats.
Next is the lone topper in this collection. This is Summer Soiree a pale pink and coral sprinkles topper. It looks positively patriotic shown over Santorini. One coat with no glitter placement was the perfect amount.
Rita is the pop of fiery color in this cool toned collection. A tomato red creme that leans a little to the orange side, Rita is bright! This is a perfect classic Hollywood red that applied a little sheer, so I used three thin coats for full coverage.
The next two colors I gave you a sneak peek at a few weeks ago. Up first is the sky blue creme Monte Carlo. I love this color it is really vibrant and applies easily in two coats.
The final holo in the collection is Cabana Capri, a baby blue filled with rainbows. This one was also semi sheer so I used three thin coats for full coverage.
I'm in love with this collection as a whole. I think Annie knocked it out of the park. Julep and Rita are my favorites. What are yours?
If you love these don't wait as they are only availble from May 29th to June 28th. You can find them online or the following 8 retail locations:
*work perks


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my new(to me) truck has a lame sf14b
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Valentine's Day is one of my most favorite holidays! My 4 year old daughter and I try and do some type of craft for every holiday so we decided to make a Valentine's Necklace out of an old t-shirt. My sister Camille made this cute T-shirt Beach Necklace in the summer so I decided to try something like it.
I had some old wooden beads that I got from a craft store (they are also at Walmart) and we painted them pink and red.
Next we got an old white T-shirt and cut a 1/2″-3/4″ strip (or strips if you want to make more than one). Once you have cut the strip, it should make a long skinny loop. Take that loop and stretch it out as far as you can- that is how you get the "tube" shape.
After making it tube shaped, I cut one end so I could thread my beads on. Make sure you tape an end with masking tape so your beads will go one easier. We did every other color and tied a knot in between each bead.
Then I tied the shirt string in the back making it her size and trimmed the extra material off.
I tied a little bow onto the necklace just to add a little something. Addy loved making it and is so excited to wear it to school!
We had some extra material and beads so we made a matching bracelet.
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7 Comments
So cute! My daughter would love making these for all her cute little girly friends. Thanks for sharing this fabulous tutorial 🙂
What a lovely child!!!!!good idea….
Awesome! My kids would LOVE this! =)
Love it!! And your daughter/model is adorable!!
Thanks for this idea! Fun!
This blog is great source of information about Saint Patrick's Day which is very useful for me. It very important information about Saint Patrick's Day
Thank you very much for this useful information.
pin it! love this easy how to do necklace and bracelet~ i love it because its so easy and even a child can join in making this! cute and kawaii daughter u have there


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Charleston, TN Rent to Own Homes
|1 Listings Found
, separate parking and separate entrance. Ground Level is renting for $750 a month and apartment is renting
$199,000 - Rent to Own
9005 Hiwassee Charleston, TN 37310Details »
RentUntilYouOwn.com is the #1 provider of Charleston, Tennessee rent to own homes listings.
Our goal is to offer the highest quality results, along with helpful Charleston resources and support. We understand that finding genuine rent to own homes in Charleston can be very difficult. Even more challenging is trying to search Charleston, TN listings for free.
After discovering how difficult it was for Charleston buyers and sellers searching online, RentUntilYouOwn.com has become dedicated to providing users with the most current, accurate, and detailed listings in Charleston, Tennessee.
If you have any questions or suggestions for improving our site, please contact us here.
Trouble Finding Local Rent to Own Homes Listings?
If the initial results in Charleston, Tennessee did not provide any listings of interest, or you just want more selections, click any of the blue tabs just above the search results for more.
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This fashionable and luxurious seating duo includes low-profile lounge chair and matching ottoman. Original design, created by Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, makes it easy to complement a plethora of decors, and bring both comfort and iconic style as well. The chair and ottoman feature x-shaped bases, and cushions wrapped in premium textured bonded leather.
- Cordoba collection
- Set of two (chair and ottoman)
- Iconic original design of Barcelona chair
- Designer: Ludwig Mies van der Rohe
- Premium textured bonded leather upholstery
- Button tufted with grid pattern
- Black finish
- Polished stainless steel frame
- No assembly required
- Lounge Chair: 30"L x 30"D x 33"H
- Ottoman: 24"L x 22"D x 17"H
Diamond Sofa is a strong American manufacturer of furniture since 1992. Its goal is to bring contemporary styles to the customer at competitive prices without sacrificing quality and comfort. Every day the company creates relevant, modern and stylish goods to present fresh ideas and solutions for today's consumers. Diamond Sofa is responsible for the creation of comfort in your home!
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Accent Chairs
What is better than relaxing into your favorite chair at the end of a difficult day? With wide selection of accent and lounge chairs in multiple colors, materials and upholsteries like leather, solid wood or fabric, you will get a total relaxation and great comfort you desire.
Fabric, vinyl, leather loungers built with sturdy hardwood or steel frames, they will serve you for years to come and make a statement of dignity. Choose from mid century, casual and contemporary designs that say a lot about your style and personality.


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|Home > Rozelle
♀ Rozelle
What does Rozelle mean?
Rozelle [rozelle] as a girls' name has its roots in French and Latin, and the meaning of Rozelle is "rose". Rozelle is an alternate form of Rosalie (French): possibly "rose garden". Rozelle is also a form of Roza (Latin).
ASSOCIATED WITH rose (flower)
VARIANTS Rozele, Roselle
ALTERNATIVE FORMS VIA ROSALIE, ROZA Rosalee, Roselia, Rosella▼, Rozalee, Rozalia, Rozalie, Rozalyn, Rozelie, Rozella, Rozellia, Rozely, RozlynCREATIVE FORMS
(female) Rozelli, Rozelse, ..
(male) Rozelgi, Rozelly, .. MIDDLE NAME PAIRINGS
Rozelle Emelyn (R.E.), ..
How popular is Rozelle?
Rozelle is an unusual first name for women but a very prominent surname for all people (#17566 out of 150436, Top 12%). (2000 U.S. CENSUS)
Rozelle was first listed in 1910-1919 and reached its peak rank of #1853 in the U.S. in the 1910s, but is not ranked at the moment. (2015 BIRTH Statistics)
Which version is better?with its source forms and related girl names. Prominent related forms of Rozelle ranked in the Top 2000 are Rosalie (#266 IN RECENT RANKINGS), Rosalee (#1121), Rozella, Rosella and Roselle. Other forms, like Roselia, are uncommon. Usage of these forms of Rozelle was common in the 1930s (ADOPTION OF 0.1%) and is somewhat less today (ADOPTION 0.1%, ▼37%), with the form Rosella going out of style. Rosalie is the most chic birth name in this list.
Similar NamesRecommended names are Donelle, Dorelle, Gazelle, Gizelle, Hazelle, Jazelle, Jizelle, Jobelle, Jocelle, Jodelle, Joelle, Jonelle, Joselle, Jovelle, Jowelle, Joyelle, Jozelle, Lorelle, Moselle, Noelle▲, Norelle, Rachelle▼, Rafelle, Ranelle, Raquelle, Rashelle, Raziella, Renelle, Rexella, Richelle, Robella, Robelle, Rochele, Rochell, Rochella, Rochelle▼, Romella, Romelle, Rondelle, Ronella, Ronelle, Ronnelle, Roschelle, Rosellen, Roshelle, Royalle, Rozali, Rozelin, Rozelyn, Rozene, Rudelle, Suzelle and Zoelle. These names tend to be more frequently used than Rozelle.See names in meaning and etymology.


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Twitter launched Moments in certain regions a few months back, and now it's officially out in Ireland.
Moments is a curated feed of news stories which are put together by partners and editors within Twitter. It's basically a quick way to get caught up with everything that's currently happening with a more focused experience than the regular way you browse Twitter. They're media rich with streaming video and GIFs and can be interacted to expand or follow the Moment.
Moments appears as a lightning bolt tab on both desktop and mobile and has the advantage of showing you content from outlets which you might not already follow on Twitter. Partners in Ireland include RTE, The Irish Times, The Irish Independent, Newstalk, TodayFM and Entertainment.ie. More partners will be added in the future, and people can create their own Moments.
Commenting on the launch of the Moments tab in Ireland, Mark Little, Managing Director, Twitter Dublin said: "For ten years, Twitter has been a natural home for a new style of Irish storyteller: fast, fun, and full of character. With Moments, we've made it easier to find uniquely Irish stories on Twitter, in more depth and breadth. Moments will bring together the multiple Tweets, videos, images and points of view that make up the stories we're talking about, sometimes before we're even talking about them."
Moments are updated throughout the day as stories evolve and unfold, get started over here.


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|Artifact Information
A Gypsy talisman resembling a cross with an eye in the center
Used to augment powers
Waffediyok (Romani for "The Evil Eye") is an ancient Gypsy talisman blessed with the ability of augmentation, which is the power to increase the powers of its possessor.[1] It is shaped like a cross with an eye in its center. The Waffediyok is the family symbol of the Nicolae family, which Shuvani are the keepers of the talisman.
The Nicolae GypsiesEdit
One of the Shuvanis in the Nicolae Gypsy clan was Lydia Nicolae. She possessed the necklace and used it to augment her power of Optical Energy Blasts; the power to shoot green beams of energy at an opponent.
Lydia probably got the necklace from her mother, who passed the necklace down to her. It could also have been the necklace that her sister used to own before she was killed by Orin, a Gypsy Hunter. When Lydia was killed by Cree, the son of Orin, the necklace was passed on to Lydia's niece Ava.
The Waffediyok symbol is also later used by Ava Nicolae to serve as a Gypsy counterpart for the Caduceus/Rod of Asclepius for her free medical clinic that she set up for the local Gypsy community, for Gypsies without medical insurance[2].
Notes and TriviaEdit
- Javna invokes the power of the evil eye to gain eternal youth, however, this evil eye is not the Waffediyok since Javna would probably not use any Gypsy magic.
- The prop necklace was sold at the end of the series.
- ↑ As proven by Phoebe Halliwell when she touched the Evil Eye and was able to astral project into a premonition.
- ↑ As seen at the end of the season 5 episode "The Eyes Have It".


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Painter paces perfect Purdue past MinnesotaSep 23, 2006 - 9:43 PM WEST LAFAYETTE, Indiana (Ticker) -- Curtis Painter helped Purdue continue its perfect start to the 2006 season.
Painter threw two touchdown passes as Purdue held on for a 27-21 triumph over Minnesota in the Big Ten Conference opener for both schools.
It was the fourth consecutive victory for the Boilermakers (4-0, 1-0 Big Ten), who improved to 9-1 in conference openers under coach Joe Tiller.
After falling behind by a touchdown early, Purdue scored 20 consecutive points between the first and third quarters to take a 20-7 lead.
Minnesota climbed within 20-14 on Bryan Cupito's one-yard TD pass to Matt Spaeth on the final play of the third quarter, but Painter all but sealed the win five minutes later with an 18-yard scoring strike to Jaycen Taylor.
A junior, Painter completed 18-of-27 attempts for 243 yards. Taylor ran for 90 yards and a TD on just 11 carries while Dustin Keller hauled in six receptions for 119 yards for the Boilermakers, who have won eight of their last nine meetings with the Golden Gophers.
Cupito completed 20-of-34 passes for 205 yards and two TDs while Amir Pinnix ran for 174 yards on 28 carries for Minnesota (2-2, 0-1), which collected 421 yards of total offense.
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- Kansas State hires ex-Gophers coach Jerry Kill in AD role May 17
- Man who punched ex-Mankato player gets 5 months in jail May 13
- Minnesota picks Mark Coyle from Syracuse as AD May 11
- Iowa headlines uncertain Big Ten West Apr 13
- Minnesota AD search to use outside firm, 16-person committee Mar 23
- Guilty plea in 2014 attack on ex-Minn. State, Mankato player Mar 23
- Spring practice signals takeover for Claeys at Minnesota Feb 29
- Univ. of Minnesota president wants ex-coach Kill in fold Feb 24
- Ex-Gophers lineman Luke McAvoy recounts coming out as gay Feb 10
- Boilermakers hire Darrell Funk as offensive line coach Feb 4
- Big Ten football recruiting team capsules Feb 3
- Minnesota signs 20, including LB Carter Coughlin Feb 3


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Rugged Ridge Turn Signal Light Euro Guards, Stainless (2007-15) Jeep Wrangler JK
This pair of stainless steel turn signal euro guards from Rugged Ridge fit 07-15 Jeep Wrangler.
Was: $76.99
Sale: $56.99
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Protect those expensive headlights, turn signals and parking lights from impact with the Rugged Ridge Euro Light Guards. Each Euro Light Guard is easy to install with no drilling required. They are of polished stainless steel for a true attention to detail.
- 11142.11
- 11142.11
- 804314115890
- Rugged Ridge
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What is the difference between Juvederm and Juvederm Voluma? How long does each last?
Doctor Answers 10
Injectable fillers are temporary solutions to lines, wrinkles and facial volume loss.
Thanks for your question. First, it's important to note that injectables like JUVÉDERM® and JUVÉDERM Voluma® XC are temporary treatments. They work by injecting hyaluronic acid, which is already naturally occurring in your body, into the designated area. This substance mimics your skin's collagen to fill in lines and wrinkles and plump the cheeks. While very similar, you may be better suited for JUVÉDERM Voluma® XC, as its thicker formula is designed specifically for use in the mid-face area to add volume.
Learn more: http://www.nysurgicalarts.com/med-spa/injectable-fillers/
What is the difference between Juvederm and Juvederm Voluma? How long does each last?
Learn more: https://drgutowski.com/before-after-photos/nonsurgical
Juvederm XC and Voluma
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Juvederm and Voluma Results
Learn more: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z66LWmAOVVk
Juvederm vs Voluma
Dr. Ort
The different products in the Juvederm family of injectable fillers
From the smallest particles to the largest are Juvederm Ultra, Juvederm Ultra Plus, and Juvederm Voluma. Juvederm Voluma is also crosslinked. Smaller, non-crosslinked are thinner. Bigger and crosslinked are thicker.
Each product is designed for a particular area of your face. I recommend having a full consultation to determine which products are appropriate for you. Seek out an injector who can explain the benefits of the different products as well as the risks involved for a safe outcome.
What is the difference between Juvederm and Juvederm Voluma? How long does each last?
Both products are made by the same company (Allergan) and both products are made of the same material (HA or hyaluronic acid). The difference between them is how big the particles are that make up the filler and how closely those particles hold hands (called cross linking). The larger the particle and the stronger the hand holding, the longer they last. But that also makes them pull in more volume so the thicker products aren't as good for superficial injections or thin skin areas. I like to use Juvederm for the lips, melolabial folds/nasolabial folds, marionette lines, and if there is some left over for the cheeks. Juvederm will last about 9-12 months depending on where it was injected (lips tend to go away the fastest). Voluma is a thick product. It is best used in the cheeks and can last for up to two years. Some people will also inject other areas, but I recommend caution because it is so thick if the injection is more superficial it is more prone to lumpiness. For threading that can either refer to the technique used for injection or for waxing the eyebrows. For the technique you can discuss this with your injector as there are several techniques used for filler injection. For waxing the eyebrows you can ask your aesthetician.
I'd recommend you consult with one of the core aesthetic physician injectors (facial plastic surgery, plastic surgery, dermatology, and oculoplastic surgery) to learn about which fillers are best for you.
I hope this helps and good luck.
Learn more: http://www.DrGuyFacialPlastics.com/fillers
Similar products
Voluma is designed for deep cheek placement.
Regular Juvederm is for wrinkle filling.
Juvederm and Juvederm Voluma
Juvederm Voluma is a more "spongy" product that lends itself better to the mid-cheek area and generally lasts twice as long as Juvederm. Both products are great and I use both for different areas of the face. Please consult an expert. Best, Dr. Green
Learn more: http://www.michelegreenmd.com/juvederm
These answers are for educational purposes and should not be relied upon as a substitute for medical advice you may receive from your physician. If you have a medical emergency, please call 911. These answers do not constitute or initiate a patient/doctor relationship.


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Global Storming – May – Colorado
In the west Elk mountains today, Tony and Scott said they'd make me break trail if I didn't immediately publish hero shots upon our return. Yes Virginia, these photos have no intellectually redeeming value whatsoever — they're just human beings having fun backcountry skiing, and we hope they're fun to look at.
Whoops, just found another one on the camera card:
2 Responses to "Global Storming – May – Colorado"
Scott Nelson
May 12th, 2011 4:02 pm
Fun morning out there today with you guys. Still amazed at how good it was.
Anyone know where to find boot center/midsole on some older K2 tele skis (World Pistes, 167cm) with the old binding inserts? (K2 didn't mark the midsole) I want to mount some Dynafits, and don't want to use an adapter plate. Anyone done this?
May 13th, 2011 1:35 pm
Trying to find something to ski this weekend in the Alpine where I won't get all killed up. Any suggestions?
Got something to say? Please do so.


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Short Story: The Early Beach Runner
Here's another of my short stories that I entered into a writing competition with no success. Competition was called The Thunderbolt Prize. Sadly I have yet to crack the competition egg! Please enjoy my award winning thriller/suspense story… The Early Beach Runner. P.s. I really suck at present tense so I do apologise in advance.


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I'll start by saying this really happened to me. You can criticize if you want. Everyone is entitled to an opinion, but I am here to tell my story and that's what I'm going to do.
On an overcast day sometime in 2011 (I can't remember the month, but I do remember it being very cold) I was in town visiting my grandmother's house. She lived across the street from an electric plant and its smokestacks were the tallest structures where I lived. We were there for sometime and we decided to go over to my aunt's house to which in convenience lived next door. While we were over there I happened to look out the window at the tall smokestacks.
As I said before it was an overcast day so it was getting dark out fast. While I was looking at the smokestacks, I happened to notice something that has continued to baffle me to this very day. A shadow. From the looks of it, it had to be no bigger than a regular sized jet. But that was the thing that had surprised me the most.
We didn't have jets where I lived, not even in the entire county where I lived and even if we did, why was this one flying so close to the ground? All I saw was a shadow and fairly light shadow pass over the clouds and then it was gone. Afterwards I waited to tell my dad. This was a long time ago, I can't remember what he said but I do remember he sounded like he didn't care.
I don't know what to make of it. I doubt this story even needs to be on this site but I'll tell you this: Nothing is scarier than the unknown.


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19183 Hofstetter Ln. Box 641, Picabo $3,800,000
- 3 Beds
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text: 24 photos $995,000 3.91 acres 6 Beds | 7 Baths | 6256 sqft Erwinna, PA 18920 - Bucks County 3.91 acres Erwinna, PA ONE OF A KIND...incredible retreat located in Erwinna, Pennsylvania ... VERY MOTIVATED! on the banks of the Delaware River ... Historic STOVER Barn, 1837, is the foundation for this renovated 3-story home. Presented here with all the beauty of a river view but placed perfectly on almost 4 acres creating a quiet hideaway... minutes from Frenchtown New Jersey and only 70 minutes from Manhattan via the Holland or Lincoln Tunnels. The road frontage is 257 feet. The grounds feature water and stone accents and create a quiet sense of serenity with mature plantings including graceful white pines. There is a heated pool in a free-form design keeping in harmony with its natural surroundings. THIS IS THE PERFECT place to restore ones spirit and


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Proud that he's in the organization
It shouldn't take stories like this to keep us focused on what's important in life and all that we have to be thankful for. Sometimes it's easy for us to start feeling bad for ourselves because we're having a bad day or the job market sucks.
Then you read something like this and it puts everything into perspective. Thanks for posting!
What an amazing and powerful story. It really tugs on the heart strings and makes you count your blessings. This young man has just become an instant favorite for me. He has it together and figured out.
Thanks for sharing the link.
I enjoy reading his blog. The kid's got a good perspective on life, he's working on all aspects, physical, mental and emotional. Good for him. :nod:
Very good read. God bless that little boy and all who try to heal him and brighten his days.
Holy crap I think there's a fire in here or something
Whelp, I'll use this space to take back the stuff I said about Robbins in that scrimmage game.
Damn. There are no words for how high his stock just went up with me.
I needed that, thanks for posting.
Words are nice, actions are beautiful. Thank you Mr. Robins. :handclap:
Damn those onions...
That was a great read, very powerful stuff. I've just become a big Bobby Robins fan.
This article was beautiful.
Right in the middle of reading that story my allergies really kicked in. :cry:
That man is a very gifted writer. Great story and having a 5 month old of my own did not make it an easy read to say the least. Gotta love that pay it forward part as well. 5 simple compliments isn't a tough thing for anyone to do on a daily basis.
WOW, awesome stuff. Nice to see an athlete have such a grasp on the big picture of life in a sports world were so used to seeing self promoting, self-centered athletes. Truly not only one of the good guys in hockey but one of the good guys in sports and a truly humble man. Hope to see him get a shot at the big time someday.
I didn't know much about this kid, but he's got a new fan. Well done Bobby.
Great story, wet eyes for sure. Thanks for posting, all the best to Logan and family, and hats off to Robins.
Good luck to little Logan. It's great when athletes go out of their way to help and brighten someones day. Great and inspiring read for sure!
Very powerful story. I pray Logan will defeat his cancer and go on to have a long & happy life.
That's a good egg right there.
After tonight,time to call up this guy.His heart and drive is needed for while thorts is out.
deserves nomination.
This thread did not get enough attention over the rest of the crap.
. If you are excellent every single day, eventually you become that person. You become excellent. The same thing applies to altruism and spreading positivity in the world. If you do one thing every single day to spread positivity or one thing to make someone else's life better, you become that brush stroke that paints a better world
The "power of one" is what it's about. spreading compassion and opening up to that "connectivity" that he talks about.
he got it right. well done young man
Also. i am going to keep bumping this up until it is read by everyone.
You must be the change you want to see in the world.
You must not lose faith in humanity. Humanity is an ocean; if a few drops of the ocean are dirty, the ocean does not become dirty.
Mahatma Gandhi,
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Shorebirds Single Game Tickets to go on Sale March 20th
By Bobby Coon / Delmarva Shorebirds | March 17, 2017 11:16 AM ET
SALISBURY, Md. -- With the World Baseball Classic and Spring Training games being played, that means that baseball season is right around the corner. The Delmarva Shorebirds are looking forward to filling up the brand new seats at Arthur W. Perdue Stadium with single game tickets for the 2017 season going on sale Monday, March 20th.
On Monday, March 20th, single game tickets will be available online at www.theshorebirds.com/tickets, over the phone at (410) 219-3112, and at the Shorebirds box office Monday through Friday from 10:00 AM to 5:00 PM. For convenience and quickest entry into the ballpark, fans are encouraged to purchase tickets online, allowing them to pick their seats and print their tickets around the clock.
Ticket prices range from $10 to $14 on the day of the game depending on seat location. Fans are eligible for discounts if they buy their tickets at least 24 hours in advance. Also, children, senior citizens, and military personnel will receive a discount on all upper reserved tickets. For more information on ticket pricing and Arthur W. Perdue Stadium's new seating chart, please visit www.theshorebirds.com/tickets.
"Shorebirds fans will be able to enjoy all new seats throughout the stadium and a brand new videoboard this season, both of which will certainly enhance the overall fan experience at Arthur W. Perdue Stadium," said Shorebirds General Manager, Chris Bitters.
Opening Night for the Shorebirds is set for Thursday, April 13th against the Hagerstown Suns at 7:05 PM. Ticket plans can now be purchased online at www.theshorebirds.com. For group outing information, contact the Shorebirds at 410-219-3112.
Delmarva Shorebirds
The Delmarva Shorebirds are the Class "A" Affiliate of the Baltimore Orioles. The Shorebirds are owned by
7th Inning Stretch, LLC, the same company that owns the Stockton Ports of the California League and the Everett AquaSox of the Northwest League.
The Shorebirds celebrated their 20th season in 2015, and have entertained nearly five million fans since beginning play at Arthur W. Perdue Stadium in Salisbury, Md. in 1996. The team has captured South Atlantic League titles in 1997 and 2000 while successfully hosting the South Atlantic League All-Star Game in 1999 and 2011.
For more information on the Shorebirds, call 410-219-3112 or visit theshorebirds.com.
This story was not subject to the approval of the National Association of Professional Baseball Leagues or its clubs.View More


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Tags: technical issues
unexplained noises
Start with examining all the driven belts for wear...
If it was a belt the noise would be progessive with the engine rpm. However the op implies it worsens when on the throttle and backs off when he is off the prottle pointing to a turbo or boost pipe problem. Regards Peter
Check vacuum hoses connected to turbo for split they go hard. and inspect boost pipe for splits.
check idler pulley between crankshaft and a/c compressor common fault
Best available rate 9.20%
Total repayment £9,304.93
Total cost of credit £1,804.93
60 monthly payments
Representative example
The Representative APR is 13.2% (fixed) so if you borrow £7,500 over 4 years at a rate of 13.2% p.a (fixed) you will repay £199.21 per month and repay £9562.20 in total.


text:
$27.00 $16.20
Our new, sleek, running hat shades as well as it protects. Constructed with DriLayer® fabric, this stretch-woven material wicks moisture away from your skin, while an interior wicking headband keeps you extra dry and comfortable. Use the adjustable back to find the perfect fit, and run safe with reflective detail that will help you stay visible in low light. Hit that runner's high in this running hat that really goes the distance.
Sherpa Hat
- 1 DRILAYER® STRETCH-WOVEN FABRIC wicks away sweat and dries quickly
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- Country of Origin: Imported
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8 Reviews
Displaying reviews 1 - 8
★★★★★ ★★★★★
My go-to running hat, great for people with large heads
2017/05/22 | Middlebury, VT | Ben 802
This is my go-to running hat. It's excellent at being a breathable, light-weight hat that wicks up sweat and keeps it and the sun out of my eyes. I have a larger than average head (it's hard for me to find bike helmets that fit) and hats usually look weird on me because they aren't designed for large heads and get bunched up in weird places, but that is not a problem with this hat, it fits perfectly.
Yes, I would recommend this!
★★★★★ ★★★★★
Great hat for warm weather.
2017/04/06 | Miami | Coach Shaw
Great hat to run with on sunny or hot days.
Yes, I would recommend this!
★★★★★ ★★★★★
I would buy this product again.
2017/04/05 | Wooster, OH | Joe
Had school emblem embroidered on it and wear it to Track and XC meets. Comfortable for running in also.
Yes, I would recommend this!
★★★★★ ★★★★★
Best running hat
2017/03/28 | Newcastle, WA | Brett N
Best running hat I have found. Conforms to your head in comfort. Keeps you warm on a 50 deg day and cool in the summer. Easy to rinse after use and dried fairly quickly. I love this hat.
Yes, I would recommend this!
★★★★★ ★★★★★
2016/05/24 | Pensacola, FL | TheHDS
I never ran in hats until I got this one!
Yes, I would recommend this!
★★★★★ ★★★★★
Love this hat!
2016/03/06 | La Conner, Wa | Carole the forever walker!
I wear this hat when I walk, especially in the wind and rain.
Yes, I would recommend this!
★★★★★ ★★★★★
Love It!
2016/03/05 | Dallas , TX | Mama D
★★★★★ ★★★★★
Just whst I needed
2016/03/02 | Kansas | NA Running
I needed something to keep the sweat out of my eyes and this did the trick.
Yes, I would recommend this!
Displaying reviews 1 - 8