text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Apr 20, 2010
|Filing date
|Sep 25, 2006
|Priority date
|Sep 25, 2006
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Stewart F. Bryant, Ian Michael Charles Shand
|Original Assignee
|Cisco Technology, Inc.
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (94), Non-Patent Citations (20), Referenced by (7), Classifications (12), Legal Events (2)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
The present invention generally relates to data communications networks and to forwarding data in a data communications network.
The approaches described in this section could be pursued, but are not necessarily approaches that have been previously conceived or pursued. Therefore, unless otherwise indicated herein, the approaches described in this section are not prior art to the claims in this application and are not admitted to be prior art by inclusion in this section.
In computer networks such as the Internet, packets of data are sent from a source to a destination via a network of elements including links (communication paths such as telephone or optical lines) and nodes (for example, routers directing the packet along one or more of a plurality of links connected to it) according to one of various routing protocols.
One class of routing protocol comprises Routing Vector Protocols according to which the path to a network destination is determined based on a reachability metric. One such protocol comprises a distance vector protocol such as the Routing Information Protocol (RIP) which is described in Internet Engineering Task Force (ietf) request for comments (RFC) 1058 and 1723.
A problem that arises with routing vector protocols such as RIP is that if a component fails in the network then packets may be lost while the network converges on a changed topology. For example if node A fails then according to normal forwarding, until node B has updated its forwarding information base, it will forward packets for nodes A and D to node A and those packets will be lost.
The present invention is illustrated by way of example, and not by way of limitation, in the figures of the accompanying drawings and in which like reference numerals refer to similar elements and in which:
An apparatus and method for forwarding data in a data communications network is described. In the following description, for the purposes of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form in order to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the present invention.
Embodiments are described herein according to the following outline:
1.0 General Overview
2.0 Structural and Functional Overview
3.0 Apparatus and Method for forwarding data in a data communications network
4.0 Implementation Mechanisms—Hardware Overview
5.0 Extensions and Alternatives
1.0 General Overview
The needs identified in the foregoing Background, and other needs and objects that will become apparent for the following description, are achieved in the present invention, which comprises, an apparatus for forwarding data in a data communications network having as components nodes and links therebetween in which nodes obtain a reachability metric between a neighbor node and one or more other nodes in the network and in which a repair path is created between an instigating repair node and a receiving repair node around a failure component therebetween. A propagatable repair address for the receiving repair node is reachable by the repair path notvia the failure component, and the apparatus is arranged to treat propagatability of the repair address differently via the failure component than via other components.
In an embodiment, an apparatus is provided for forwarding data in a data communications network in which a repair path is created between an instigating repair node and a receiving repair node around a failure component therebetween and a repair address for the receiving repair node is reachable by the repair path notvia the failure component, in which the instigating repair node is arranged to compute the repair path computed by a distance vector protocol.
In other aspects, the invention encompasses a computer apparatus and a computer-readable medium configured to carry out the foregoing steps.
2.0 Structural and Functional Overview
Routing Vector Protocols can be understood further with reference to
In order to forward data to each destination in the network, each node must compute its nexthop on the basis of some form of least cost path. According to RIP, in order for a node in the network to derive this information, each node advertises to its neighbors a reachability metric indicating its cost to each destination. Accordingly, in
In addition each node will store the corresponding nexthop, that is, the neighbor node to which it must forward a packet for a given destination along the least cost path.
In overview an apparatus and method for forwarding data in a data communications network according to the approach described herein can be understood with reference to
In order to repair a failure in the network each node adjacent to the failure acting as instigating repair node computes a repair or backup path around the failure. Then when a failure is detected an instigating repair node will forward subsequent packets which otherwise would have traversed the failure, via the repair path to a receiving repair node. For example where link 110 fails between node A and B and node A detects the failure then packets subsequently received for node B or node C, which otherwise would have gone via link 110, are forwarded according to the pre-computed repair path via nodes D, E and if necessary C. This approach is sometimes termed fast reroute.
The manner in which the repair path is constructed and propagated is by giving each node/interface (ie its connection to each link to adjacent nodes), in addition to its normal address, a propagatable repair address which is reachable via a repair path notvia the failure component, sometimes termed a "notvia address". For example node B may have repair addresses B notvia A (represented here as Ba) and B notvia (Bc). Each other node will have computed its nexthop for each of the notvia addresses. Hence when node A detects failure of link 110 it tunnels subsequent packets for node B to address Ba for which its nexthop is node D. Node D, having precomputed its nexthop for Ba will forward the packet to node E and so forth. It will be noted that node A can forward the packet to Ba in any appropriate way for example by tunneling it to that address. Similarly any packets received at node A for node C will also be tunneled to Ba. Upon decapsulation of the packet at node B it will then be forwarded normally from node B to node C following the original path.
Referring now to
It will be seen, therefore, that the propagatability of the repair address is treated differently via the failure component (link 110) than via other components, as it is not sent via the failure component. As a result of this a repair path is automatically set up notvia the failure component such that node A's nexthop for Ba is node D which will forward to node E and then to node C and finally to node B. However it will be appreciated that various ways of arranging the apparatus to treat propagatability of repair address differently by the failure component can be implemented. For example node B can propagate Ba to node A which can suppress further propagation thereof, or either of node B or A can attach a differentiating characteristic such as a reachability metric of a suitably large number (for example infinity) such that node A's nexthop for repair address Ba will never be node B.
At step 304 each node computes its repair path nexthop for Ba according to the standard RIP protocol. At step 306 when link 110 joining nodes Ab fails, node A detects, the failure and at step 308 node A tunnels packets that would otherwise have traveled via the failure component to repair address Ba, by encapsulating the packet in a packet with destination address Ba. Each subsequent node in the repair path D, E, C, forwards the packet appropriately such that the data traffic does not travel via the failure component.
As a result, upon failure of the failure component, no node in the network attempts to reach node B via the failure component. Furthermore the repair paths are correctly computed by the routing protocol as part of its ordinary convergence process. As described in more detail below various mechanisms for differential treatment of the propagatable repair address can be adopted. The approach extends to any distance vector protocol in which reachability metric information is exchanged between nodes. In addition the repair can be run using a distance vector protocol or emulation thereof to compute the notvia paths whereas normal routes can be computed using an alternative protocol such as Intermediate System-Intermediate System (IS-IS) or Open Shortest Path First (OSPF).
Although the summary above is presented in relation to repair of failure of a link. It will further be seen that, alternatively, node failure can be repaired as discussed in more detail below.
3.0 Apparatus and Method for Forwarding Data in a Data Communications Network
The use of "notvia addresses" for creating repair paths is described, for example in co-pending patent application Ser. No. 11/064,275, filed Feb. 22, 2005, entitled "Method and Apparatus for Constructing a Repair Path around a non-available Component in a Data Communications Network" of Michael Shand et al, ("Shand et al") the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference for all purposes and if fully set forth herein. However the approaches described therein are generally presented in relation to link-state protocols and the approaches required therein for application in the case of routing vector protocols are described in detail below.
Reference is made firstly to
At step 402 in addition, node B can take appropriate steps to ensure that node A recognises Ba as a notvia address to which packets which otherwise would have passed via link 110 must be tunneled via nodes D, E, C. This can be implemented in any appropriate manner from node B, for example the nature of the address may be passed in a Point to Point connection verification protocol such as a routing hello or via bi-directional forwarding detection (BFD). Alternatively, if the notvia address Ba is passed by node B to node A as another address class in the routing protocol then it can be recognized as a notvia address for repairing to the node that forwarded it. In other words node A will recognize that if such a message is received from node B then the address Ba is that which node A must repair to if link 110 joining nodes A and B fails. Alternatively again node A may take its own steps as described in more detail below.
It will be appreciated with regard to
It will be noted that the distance vector protocol, for example RIP, can be applied for the notvia reachability but that normal forwarding next hop calculation can be performed using another protocol such as normal interior gateway protocol (IGP) approaches, for example, a link-state protocol. In that case, for example, RIP can be used only to pass notvia addresses identified as such at each node. As a result the notvia repair paths can be computed automatically according to the approaches described above using REP. Alternatively again, on receipt of a notvia address in normal IGP routing, each node can emulate RIP or any other appropriate distance vector protocol to derive the notvia address for example using the Bellman Ford algorithm as is well known to the skilled reader.
It will be seen, according to this approach, that the computation steps required in computing a notvia address according to link-state topology calculation can hence be avoided.
Although the discussion above is directed to repairing link failures, for example failure of the link 110 between nodes A and B, it will further be seen that the approach can also be applied to node failure. This can be further understood with reference to
The steps taken in this case can be understood from
At step 802 node B, upon receiving each of the notvia addresses, and recognizing that they are notvia itself, suppresses propagation of those addresses or alternatively propagates them with cost infinity, the differential treatment hence ensuring that any path to the notvia address calculated using RIP will not pass via the failure component node B. Alternatively again it will be seen that each of nodes A, C and F can suppress propagation of the notvia addresses to node B but propagate to all other neighbors. In that case node B, if it receives a notvia address notvia itself indirectly can again suppress forwarding thereof recognizing it, for example, from the address class.
At step 804 each node computes its repair path to the notvia address using normal forwarding which, as the repair address has been treated as propagated differently via the failure component, ensures that normal RIP or distance vector computations will provide the correct repair path.
It will be noted that, once again, each of node B's neighbors A, C, F must recognize that the repair addresses will only be used in the event of failure detection at node B and which repair address should be used. For example if link 704 joining nodes F and B has cost 1 and link 702 joining nodes F and C has cost 2, then in normal forwarding node F would forward packets destined for node D via nodes B and A. Upon failure of node B, therefore, node F must tunnel to Ab, nexthop node C. This can be done in any appropriate manner as described above. The repair instigating node can identify which repair receiving node to tunnel repair packets to, (that is, which notvia address to use.) for example by identifying which destinations are served by which neighbor nodes to the failed node and using the corresponding repair address. This information can be derived, for example, from the routing information. For example where link state forwarding is also in operation then the topology information is available from the link state routing information allowing each node to identify its neighbors and neighbors for repair purposes. Alternatively the information can be statically configured. Alternatively, again it may be signaled for example in conjunction with the notvia address itself.
It will be appreciated that the approaches described herein can be used for any distance vector mechanism, not restricted to routing vector protocols such as RIP. For example the approach can be applied to path vector protocols where each node receives reachability metrics from neighbor nodes and in addition receives a route vector.
It will be noted that the path vector approach is particularly useful in the case of node protection as the path vector will include the next-nexthop information and hence the repair target (repair receiving node) derivable at a repair instigating node such that forwarding decisions upon node repair can be more simply implemented.
As a result of the approaches described above and in particular by suppressing or treating differently the sending of the notvia reachability information towards the component being protected, notvia repair paths correctly form in the network as a result of the intrinsic operation of distance or path vector protocols.
It will be noted that the burden of computing notvia address can be reduced by using loop free alternates (LFA), that is, next loop providing a path to destinations from which the packet will not loop back, as will be known to the skilled reader. When LFA's are available, therefore, upon detection of a failure, a repairing node will forward to a node providing an LFA to the packet destination. In addition the repairing node can signal to the failure node if no notvia address is required such that it need not be advertised.
The approach can be implemented in any appropriate network or environment using any appropriate distance or path vector protocol in which neighbors exchange reachability metrics. The manner in which the method described herein is implemented may be using software, firmware, hardware or any combination thereof and with any appropriate code changes as will be apparent to the skilled reader without the need for detailed description herein. For example any appropriate mechanism can be implemented, suppressing propagation of the notvia address via the failed component, installing notvia addresses as repair addresses at the repair instigating node and so forth.
4.0 Implementation Mechanisms—Hardware Overview
The computer system 140 implements as a router acting as a repair instigating, repair receiving or repair path node the above described method of forwarding data. Computer system 140 includes a bus 142 or other communication mechanism for communicating information, and a processor 144 coupled with bus 142 for processing information. Computer system 140 also includes a main memory 146, such as a random access memory (RAM), flash memory, or other dynamic storage device, coupled to bus 142 for storing information and instructions to be executed by processor 144. Main memory 146 may also be used for storing temporary variables or other intermediate information during execution of instructions to be executed by processor 144. Computer system 140 further includes a read only memory (ROM) 148 or other static storage device coupled to bus 142 for storing static information and instructions for processor 144. A storage device 150, such as a magnetic disk, flash memory or optical disk, is provided and coupled to bus 142 for storing information and instructions.
A communication interface 158 may be coupled to bus 142 for communicating information and command selections to processor 144. Interface 158 is a conventional serial interface such as an RS-232 or RS-422 interface. An external terminal 152 or other computer system connects to the computer system 140 and provides commands to it using the interface 158. Firmware or software running in the computer system 140 provides a terminal interface or character-based command interface so that external commands can be given to the computer system.
A switching system 156 is coupled to bus 142 and has an input interface and a respective output interface (commonly designated 159) to external network elements. The external network elements may include a plurality of additional routers 160 or a local network coupled to one or more hosts or routers, or a global network such as the Internet having one or more servers. The switching system 156 switches information traffic arriving on the input interface to output interface 159 according to pre-determined protocols and conventions that are well known. For example, switching system 156, in cooperation with processor 144, can determine a destination of a packet of data arriving on the input interface and send it to the correct destination using the output interface. The destinations may include a host, server, other end stations, or other routing and switching devices in a local network or Internet.
The computer system 140 implements as a router acting as a participating node, repairing node or notifying node the above described method of forwarding data. The implementation is provided by computer system 140 in response to processor 144 executing one or more sequences of one or more instructions contained in main memory 146. Such instructions may be read into main memory 146 from another computer-readable medium, such as storage device 150. Execution of the sequences of instructions contained in main memory 146 causes processor 144 to perform the process steps described herein. One or more processors in a multi-processing arrangement may also be employed to execute the sequences of instructions contained in main memory 146. In alternative embodiments, hard-wired circuitry may be used in place of or in combination with software instructions to implement the method. Thus, embodiments are not limited to any specific combination of hardware circuitry and software.
The term "computer-readable medium" as used herein refers to any medium that participates in providing instructions to processor 144 for execution. Such a medium may take many forms, including but not limited to, non-volatile media, volatile media, and transmission media. Non-volatile media includes, for example, optical or magnetic disks, such as storage device 150. Volatile media includes dynamic memory, such as main memory 146. Transmission media includes coaxial cables, copper wire and fiber optics, including the wires that comprise bus 142. Transmission media can also take the form of wireless links such as acoustic or electromagnetic waves, such as those generated during radio wave and infrared data communications.
Common forms of computer-readable media include, for example, a floppy disk, a flexible disk, hard disk, magnetic tape, or any other magnetic medium, a CD-ROM, any other optical medium, punch cards, paper tape, any other physical medium with patterns of holes, a RAM, a PROM, and EPROM, a FLASH-EPROM, any other memory chip or cartridge, a carrier wave as described hereinafter, or any other medium from which a computer can read.
Various forms of computer readable media may be involved in carrying one or more sequences of one or more instructions to processor 144 for execution. For example, the instructions may initially be carried on a magnetic disk of a remote computer. The remote computer can load the instructions into its dynamic memory and send the instructions over a telephone line using a modem. A modem local to computer system 140 can receive the data on the telephone line and use an infrared transmitter to convert the data to an infrared signal. An infrared detector coupled to bus 142 can receive the data carried in the infrared signal and place the data on bus 142. Bus 142 carries the data to main memory 146, from which processor 144 retrieves and executes the instructions. The instructions received by main memory 146 may optionally be stored on storage device 150 either before or after execution by processor 144.
Interface 159 also provides a two-way data communication coupling to a network link that is connected to a local network. For example, the interface 159 may be an integrated services digital network (ISDN) card or a modem to provide a data communication connection to a corresponding type of telephone line. As another example, the interface 159 may be a local area network (LAN) card to provide a data communication connection to a compatible LAN. Wireless links may also be implemented. In any such implementation, the interface 159 sends and receives electrical, electromagnetic or optical signals that carry digital data streams representing various types of information.
The network link typically provides data communication through one or more networks to other data devices. For example, the network link may provide a connection through a local network to a host computer or to data equipment operated by an Internet Service Provider (ISP). The ISP in turn provides data communication services through the world wide packet data communication network now commonly referred to as the "Internet". The local network and the Internet both use electrical, electromagnetic or optical signals that carry digital data streams. The signals through the various networks and the signals on the network link and through the interface 159, which carry the digital data to and from computer system 140, are exemplary forms of carrier waves transporting the information.
Computer system 140 can send messages and receive data, including program code, through the network(s), network link and interface 159. In the Internet example, a server might transmit a requested code for an application program through the Internet, ISP, local network and communication interface 158. One such downloaded application provides for the method as described herein.
The received code may be executed by processor 144 as it is received, and/or stored in storage device 150, or other non-volatile storage for later execution. In this manner, computer system 140 may obtain application code in the form of a carrier wave.
5.0 Extensions and Alternatives
In the foregoing specification, the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments thereof. It will, however, be evident that various modifications and changes may be made thereto without departing from the broader spirit and scope of the invention. The specification and drawings are, accordingly, to be regarded in an illustrative rather than a restrictive sense.
Furthermore, although repair paths are pre-computed in the discussion above, alternatively they can be computed "on-the-fly".
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|Method for Providing Alternative Paths as Rapid Reaction in the Failure of a Link Between Two Routing Domains
|Apr 11, 2008
|Aug 14, 2008
|Kireeti Kompella
|Graceful restart for use in nodes employing label switched path signaling protocols
|Sep 8, 2006
|Sep 11, 2008
|Cisco Technology, Inc.
|Constructing a repair path in the event of failure of an inter-routing domain system link
|Sep 2, 2008
|Dec 25, 2008
|Jerker Mattias Zetterlund
|Shared risk group handling within a media gateway
|Dec 8, 2008
|Mar 26, 2009
|Yakov Rekhter
|Edge devices for providing a transparent lan segment service and configuration such edge devices
|Dec 15, 2008
|May 21, 2009
|Iraj Saniee
|Design method for wdm optical networks including alternate routes for fault recovery
|Mar 31, 2003
|Sep 3, 2003
|Control method for layered switching network node region
|Jun 6, 2001
|Jan 24, 2002
|Telcordia Technologies, Inc.
|A method, system, and product for preventing data loss and forwarding loops when conducting a scheduled change to the topology of a link-state routing protocol network
|Anonymous, "IS-IS, Intermediate System-to-Intermediate System, ISO 10589," NetworkSorcery.com, downloaded May 21, 2007, pp. 1-4.
|AU Examiner's First Report for foreign patent application No. 2004311004 dated Jun. 23, 2008 (1 pg).
|AU Examiner's Second Report for foreign patent application No. 2004311004 dated Aug. 18, 2008 (1 pg).
|C. Hedrick, "Routing Information Protocol," IETF RFC 1058, Jun. 1988, pp. 1-27.
|Claims, application No. EP 04795045, 4 pages.
|Claims, filing No. 200680001652.0, 4 pages.
|Current claims for AU foreign patent application No. 2004311004 (6 pgs).
|Current claims for CN foreign patent application No. 200480033007.8 (6 pgs).
|Current Claims, Application No. 04795045.6-2416, 5 pages.
|D. Oran, "OSI IS-IS Intra-domain Routing Protocol" [republication of ISO 10589], IETF RFC 1142, Feb. 1990, 179 pages (see esp. pp. 21-24).
|European Patent Office, "Communication pursuant to Article 94(3) EPC", Application No. 04795045.6-2416, dated Sep. 7, 2009, 5 pages.
|European Patent Office, "Supplementary European Search Report", application No. EP 04795045, May 27, 2009, 4 pages
|O. Bonaventure et al., "Ordered convergence and fast reroute for BGP peering links," presentation to Department of Information Engineering, Catholic University of Louvain (UCL) (Belgium), Nov. 22, 2005, 52 pp. (see esp. p. BGP-FRR-52).
|Office Action from CN for foreign application No. 200480033007.8 dated Apr. 11, 2008 (10 pgs) with English translation (11 pgs).
|Open Shortest Path First, Jun. 1999, Chapter 42, Internetworking Technologies handbook (all pages of chapter 42).
|Open System Interconnection Routing Protocol, Jun. 1999, Chapter 41, Internetworking Technologies handbook (all pages of chapter 41).
|R. Callon, "Use of OSI IS-IS for Routing in TCP/IP and Dual Environments," Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) Request for Comments (RFC) 1195, Dec. 1990, pp. 1-70.
|Raju et al., "A New Approach to On-Demand Loop-Free Multipath Routing", Computer Communications and Networks, 1999, IEEE, Oct. 1999, XP010359531, ISBN: 978-0-7803-5794-5, 6 pages.
|State Intellectual Property Office of the People's Republic of China, "The First Office Action", filing No. 200680001652.0, May 8, 2009, 15 pages.
|Y. Rekhter et al., "A Border Gateway Protocol 4 (BGP-4)," IETF RFC 1771, Mar. 1995, pp. 1-47.
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Jun 13, 2007
|May 10, 2011
|Cisco Technology, Inc.
|Fast re-routing in distance vector routing protocol networks
|Apr 30, 2012
|Jul 29, 2014
|Fujitsu Limited
|Duplicate packet suppression
|Jan 14, 2014
|Feb 10, 2015
|Cisco Technology, Inc.
|Managing fate-sharing in shared-media communication networks
|Dec 14, 2011
|Nov 3, 2015
|May Patents Ltd.
|System and method for routing-based internet security
|Feb 28, 2012
|Feb 23, 2016
|Cisco Technology, Inc.
|Diverse paths using a single source route in computer networks
|Oct 1, 2015
|Apr 25, 2017
|Mat Patents Ltd.
|System and method for routing-based internet security
|Jun 13, 2007
|Dec 18, 2008
|Alvaro Retana
|Fast Re-routing in Distance Vector Routing Protocol Networks
|U.S. Classification
|370/216, 370/389, 370/217, 370/392
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Sep 25, 2006
Owner name: CISCO TECHNOLOGY, INC., CALIFORNIA
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:BRYANT, STEWART F.;SHAND, IAN MICHAEL CHARLES;REEL/FRAME:018348/0917
Effective date: 20060925
Owner name: CISCO TECHNOLOGY, INC.,CALIFORNIA
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:BRYANT, STEWART F.;SHAND, IAN MICHAEL CHARLES;REEL/FRAME:018348/0917
Effective date: 20060925
|Oct 21, 2013
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4


text: CHANDIGARH, INDIA, 12 Mar 2001: The foot-and-mouth disease (FMD), one of the most contagious animal diseases now ravaging Britain has affected animals in some parts of Haryana and Punjab, though the situation is not alarming, officials from the two states asserted. The disease, which has claimed 11 animals in Haryana and 23 in Punjab, has been checked from spreading. Director, animal husbandry of Punjab, G S Chahal reported that only one village, Ghaloti in Ludhiana district, had reported some cases of FMD and the department teams immediately administered "ring vaccination" to animals to check the spread of the disease. He said 20,000-25,000 animals have been vaccinated in the state. This minimal response stands in stark contrast to that of the UK, where every animal within three kilometers of infected farms -- hundreds of thousands of sheep and cows -- are being slaughtered to contain the disease.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Special Note
Cutter's hours are seasonal. We are open each Spring through Thanksgiving weekend, closing on the Saturday after Thanksgiving Day. Special orders and catering are available over our off-season with advance notice. For specific information please view our
Facebook page.
Thank you!
Cutter's Grand BBQ
Cutter's Grand BBQ has been in operation since 1987, when Mike and his Dad built the barbeque grill. Initially they cooked tri-tip for special events in California. Since Mike has moved to Boise Idaho in the late 1990's, he has catered special events, private parties and has had a roadside BBQ stand for the last three years.
BBQ Beef
We use ball tip sirloin, covered in our dry rub, cooked for up to 4 hours and sliced up for sandwiches. We also sell whole ball tips upon request.
BBQ Chicken
Our chickens start out at over 4 pounds when we put them on the grill. They are butterflied open, sprinkled with dry rub and cooked until they are perfect.
BBQ Pork
We use a shoulder cushion cut, covered with dry rub, for our pork sandwiches.
© 2011 Cutter's Grand BBQ, all rights reserved


text:
"Fire burns; water erodes. Say what you will about fire's speed and efficiency, but I've never seen anyone put out a river."
Greg Jensen
Saturday, August 11, 2012
On the age old power struggle between fire and water
1 comment:
- ifthethunderdontgetya™³²®© said...
And then there's Cleveland...
- 9:49 AM, August 11, 2012
Subscribe to: Post Comments (Atom)


text:
I had a pleasant stay in this hotel, but found it more appropriate for tourists than for business. The hotel has a really beautiful garden, with pools, little bridges and exotic flowers, and different lodges and bars. It does have all necessary amenities for tourists coming back from the wild. On the other hand, it may not be perfect for business travelers. it is far from town and from the airport, noisy at night (music/disco), and food is not the best.
- Official Description (provided by the hotel):
- 'THE AFRICAN PARADISE' Surrounded by 50 acres of beautifully manicured gardens, the Safari Park Hotel & Casino combines the elegance of African architecture and art with an infrastructure at the leading edge of technology. Located only 15 minutes from the Nairobi city centre, the hotel offers calmness and serenity away from the fast pace of the city. The five-star hotel boasts 205 luxurious rooms each with en-suite bathrooms, antique African-themed four-poster beds and furniture. All the rooms have rear and front private large garden view balconies. ... more less
- Reservation Options:
- TripAdvisor is proud to partner with Booking.com, Travelocity, TripOnline SA, Agoda, Hotwire, Cancelon, Priceline, Evoline ltd and HotelQuickly so you can book your Safari Park Hotel reservations with confidence. We help millions of travelers each month to find the perfect hotel for both vacation and business trips, always with the best discounts and special offers.
- Also Known As:
- Safari Park Nairobi


text:
- Were you looking for Cult of Ruth Eternal?
|Core is a free combat sandbox that allows you to utilize varioius weapons to fight other combatants. There is no unnecessary obstacles and object, which makes movement in Core smooth and relatively lag free. At Core, you may also make your own weapon, and use them during combat. If you join the "Core Combat Crew" group at the front of the central tower, you will have access to home setting. This will allow you to eliminate the time which must be used to TP from your home to the combat sandbox if you get killed. All are free to join the "Core Combat Crew" group. Enjoy exciting and efficient combat simulation at Core!


text:
No surprise that the rumor mill keeps on turning, just days before the 2015 CMA Awards! Instead of ignoring the allegations, Dierks Bentley decided to open up to Extra about Blake Shelton, Miranda Lambert, and rumors of romance between he and Lambert.
Bentley and Lambert have been longtime friends, and toured with one another. It is no mystery that they are close friends, but nothing more. Bentley is married and also friends with Shelton, so there is no way anything "romantic" is happening between them!
Bentley laughed it off, and joked about how he and his wife of 10 years, Cassidy Black, thumbed through Star Magazine reading the story.
"We enjoyed reading it together, we got a good laugh out of it."
The question that everyone wants answered is: How will the CMA's be for Shelton and Lambert? Shelton has openly admitted it will be awkward, but we have yet to hear Lambert's thoughts.
Bentley says,
"I think they'll be alright (Blake & Miranda)... They seem like they are both in a pretty good place."
Well, no one knows for sure how the two will handle their first public encounter, but it should be an interesting night in country music!
Watch Bentley's full interview below!
Interested in becoming a partner?
Contact us for more info.


text:
Teemo Build Guide by UGH x Michael
Not Updated For Current Season
This guide has not yet been updated for the current season. Please keep this in mind while reading. You can see the most recently updated guides on the browse guides page.
Teemo Build
Ability Sequence
Not Updated For Current Season
The masteries shown here are not yet updated for the current season, the guide author needs to set up the new masteries. As such, they will be different than the masteries you see in-game.
This Build
This build may seem like to much Attack damage and not enough health but if you stay defencive then you won't be in too much trouble. And by end game you will be tanky enough with Madreds Bloodrazor and warmogs.
I play teemo AD carry rather than solo top hybrid i think it is alot more consistant and more useful. (I.E. Taking structures)
Teemo has great sunergy with blitzcrank, for if you place noxious trap at the ege of the brush and blitz crank pulls onto the trap it would br killer with Blitzcranks disables.


text:
The rebranding of Newcastle United continues apace. While renaming their stadium Sportsdirect.com@ St James' Park has been widely mocked , Chris Hughton's side are reinventing themselves as efficient winners. A fourth successive triumph was secured by Kevin Nolan, restoring his reputation as a goalscoring midfielder, and returned them to the summit of the Championship.
Recruited in January, Nolan's most memorable contribution to Newcastle's demotion was a shocking challenge on Victor Anichebe in February. Another Evertonian, David Moyes' long-term assistant Alan Irvine, was hurt by the Liverpudlian last night as he condemned the Scot's Preston side to defeat. After an uneventful game – all quiet on the Preston front, perhaps – Nolan roused Newcastle with an expert finish, steering a shot inside the far post after meeting Danny Guthrie's cross andturning adeptly. It was his ninth goal of the season and, among midfielders in the Championship, only Cardiff's Peter Whittingham has proved more prolific.
"When the game is as tight as it was and it was heading for a 0-0, Kevin has a great knack of being in the right place," said Hughton. "Once he gets there, he has got composure."
That calm meant Newcastle reaped the maximum return for a minimal threat. Nolan's goal was only their second shot on target. "For large periods of the game we were the driving force, but they have got that quality," lamented Irvine. Paul Parry had looped a header on to the roof of the Newcastle net in the first half and Neil Mellor shot into the side-netting in the second but Steve Harper kept a ninth clean sheet of the campaign.
A second consecutive defeat was less of a concern that the ligament problem defender Youl Mawene sustained. "Youl has got a knee injury that we fear will be quite bad," added Irvine.
Newcastle's increasing injury list amplified their pleasure at the result.. "We had our problems today and that makes the win even more satisfying," Hughton added. "Ryan Taylor felt his calf in the warm-up; Andy Carroll was ill and probably shouldn't have started." Circumstances were a mitigating factor, but his side didn't excel.
"They are capable of winning games without being the better team," Irvine said, a former academy director on Tyneside. Yet if the ability to prosper while playing badly is the hallmark of champions, Newcastle can plan for Premier League football next season.


text: Definition Edit An a la carte service is an online service that allows a user to either stream, download or burn music on a fee per transaction basis. One example of such a service is Apple iTunes. Retrieved from "http://itlaw.wikia.com/wiki/A_la_carte_service?oldid=53238" Ad blocker interference detected! Wikia is a free-to-use site that makes money from advertising. We have a modified experience for viewers using ad blockers Wikia is not accessible if you've made further modifications. Remove the custom ad blocker rule(s) and the page will load as expected. Categories: Music Internet E-commerce Definition Add category Cancel Save


text:
Swivel View
Bounce View
Back View
Show MoreLess
Now Viewing:
Product Highlights
The Nissin Di622 Mark II Digital TTL Shoe Mount Flash for Sony is designed to support digital cameras as well as film SLR cameras. With features like a wireless TTL remote mode, auto-zoom, tilt and swivel head, 6 power ratio settings, +/- 1.5EV compensation in .5 EV steps, and built-in digital pre-flash slave function, this flash is ready for any situation.
This flash supports the latest versions of TTL operation, including E-TTL II, and can also be used with digital cameras. Its AF-assist light can help the camera to focus in low-light conditions. It has a built-in wide-angle diffuser and the vertical tilted reflector and built-in catch light reflector help you to make better photos. This flash features the Sony/Minolta Auto-Lock Accessory Shoe and is not compatible with the newer Multi Interface Shoe. The ADP-MAA Shoe Adapter is available for using this flash on a camera featuring the Multi Interface Shoe.
|Guide No.
|144.36' (44 m) ISO100 at 105 mm position
|Angle of Coverage
84° - 23°
Wide-Angle Adapter: 94.5°
|1/1 - 1/32
|Bounce Head
|0° to +90°
|Swivel Head
|16 mm - 105 mm (Full frame)
|Zoom Head
|Full frame: 24 mm - 105 mm
|Off-Camera Terminal
|3.5 mm, PC
|Recycle Time
|Approximately 5 - 6 seconds
|Flash Duration
|1/800 - 1/20000 sec
|Flash-Ready Indicator
|-1.5 EV to +1.5 EV (in 1/2 EV steps)
|Slave Timing Modes
Instant Sync
Skip Preflash
|Wireless Communication Channels
|1 Channels
|Wireless Groups
|1 Groups
|Power Source
|4x AA Alkaline, Lithium, NiCad, Rechargeable NiMH Batteries
|Dimensions (WxHxD)
|3.0 x 5.1 x 4.1" / 77.0 x 130.0 x 103.0 mm
|11.111 oz / 315 g without batteries
|Packaging Info
|Package Weight
|0.95 lb
|Box Dimensions (LxWxH)
|8.4 x 3.7 x 2.9"


text:
Camborne Mobile Phone and Tablet Repair
☎ Telephone 0208 5000 308
✉ Email email@example.com
A Bit About Us
At Quick Mobile Fix we repair mobile phones and tablets for the whole Camborne area. Sending your mobile device to us is easy, totally free, thanks to our free post label from the Royal Mail, and insured, for your peace of mind.
Last year, we repaired hundreds of mobile devices in Camborne alone. And that's only a small percentage of the total devices we repaired in the UK overall.
Head-quartered in Greater London, we offer our specialised mobile phone and tablet repair services to those living in Camborne and beyond.
What Do We Repair?
Dropped your mobile phone or tablet? Need a quick and efficient repair in the Camborne area? You've come to the right place!
We repair a huge variety of mobile devices, including all Apple devices, like the iPhone, iPad and iPod, all Samsung Galaxy devices, all HTC phones including the One Series and Desire, plus a selection of Google Nexus, Nokia, LG and Motorola phones. We can fix almost any mobile device related issue, so if you need an iPhone screen repair or your iPad has water damage, get in touch and we will repair your device for a competitive price. We also offer a number of additional services such as mobile phone unlocking and phone customisation.
Check Out Our Refurbished Phone Shop!
We also sell a wide selection of refurbished mobile phones and tablets including refurbished iPhone and refurbished Samsung Galaxy along with a large range of mobile phone cases and accessories.
Send Us Your Device
Sending your mobile device to us from Camborne is easy and totally free, thanks to our free post label from the Royal Mail.
For more information on how to send your device to Quick Mobile Fix, please read this or watch the video below:
Free Postage Details and Local Post Offices
To take advantage of our free postal service, you will need to put your printed free post label on the parcel and take to your local Camborne post office.
Below, we have listed the Post Office's found in Camborne:
Camborne - 15 Chapel Street, Camborne, Cornwall TR14 8EQ - Opening Times: 9 AM - 5:30 PM
Tehidy Road - 30 Tehidy Road, Camborne, Cornwall TR14 8TG - Opening Times: 8 AM - 6 PM
Troon - 1-5 New Road, Troon, Camborne, Cornwall TR14 9EP - Opening Times: 8:30 AM - 5:30 PM
Illogan Highway - Higher Broad Lane, Illogan Highway, Redruth, Cornwall TR15 3JL - Opening Times: 7:30 AM - 10 PM
Four Lanes - Four Lanes, Redruth, Cornwall TR16 6PY - Opening Times: 8:30 AM - 5:30 PM
If these Post Offices are not local to you, please use this free Post Office Branch Finder tool to find your local office.
Our Courier Service
We also use courier company APC, if for any reason you need to find your local Camborne based APC depot - click here


text:
Tonight I was reading Arnold Lobel's Mouse Tales to Byron. There's a story about Tall Mouse and Short Mouse; they talk a walk together and see different things. Like a lot of Lobel, it seems light but it also kinda runs deep.
Because there's a simple truth to this story that so few people understand, and I myself frequently forget. People have different truths because they have different experiences. They may walk the same path and yet take — in every measurable way — completely different walks. They might arrive with different truths. If you've only seen the birds and the flowers, you simply don't know how other people walk among the roots and beetles.
Also, the story has a nice message about privilege.When there's a view only Very Tall Mouse can enjoy, he doesn't hesitate to lift his friend to share it. Not only does it bring equity to the relationship, it allows Tall Mouse to share the experience.
Somebody has probably written a 100,000 word novel to arrive at the same truth that Lobel nailed in a few sentences. Heck, people live their whole lives without attaining that truth that Lobel reveals to children in a few sentences.


text:
|The Answer ( Part 3 )
Jaya nervously raised her hand in to the door. Taking a deep breath she knocked.
"Coming" a female voice called out. Jaya's heart broke. For a moment she considered running away, but only for a moment. Her spirit was still strong.
The door opened a crack. A sleepy eye looked at her, and then opened the door further. Jaya looked at the woman before her. She was dressed in American clothes, jeans and a sweater. Her hair was disheveled. Every American Jaya had met so far had been dressed like this. With her hair slicked back in a braid and her churidar, Jaya felt out of place.
"Can I help you?" Her English sounded American as well. Tears welled in Jaya's eyes, but they did not betray her until she saw the baby the American woman held. Jaya froze as she realized her worst fears were coming true.
The woman pulled Jaya into her apartment and closed the door. "Are you alright?" Jaya collapsed at the woman's feet, "I did not know you are his wife. If he wants to live with you, then I will not stand in his way. Please send me back to India, just send me back."
"I don't know what you mean, please sit in a chair. This is a misunderstanding, I'm not married." This only made Jaya cry harder, causing the woman to struggle with the baby in one arm and Jaya in another. Finally, she got Jaya situated in a chair with a box of Kleenex.
"My name is Meena Reddy, and this is my son, Kannan." Meena looked at the woman, hoping that the situation would be cleared with introductions. It had been a long night, and she was so tired...
"I know about you and," Jaya became consumed by gasps. She was having difficulty breathing. Meena realized it was going to be a long day as well. She grabbed a glass of water and handed it to Jaya. The water calmed Jaya a little, but she felt a hard lump of pain in her throat. It would burst on provocation.
Meena took a seat across from Jaya. The baby had just been bathed, the whole apartment smelled like baby shampoo and powder. Jaya stared at the large doe eyes and the curly hair. What a beautiful baby, she thought.
"May I hold him?" she asked reaching out for the baby. Meena looked hesitant, but Kannan didn't seem to mind when Jaya took hold of him.
"Wow. That's the first time he hasn't cried when someone has taken him from me. Well at least since we left the orphanage."
"The orphanage?"
"I adopted him a month ago. In India. We just got back yesterday evening."
Jaya stared at the baby again.
"You are single?"
"Yes I am."
Jaya became confused. Last night she saw her husband enter this apartment. She had followed him. In the two weeks she had spent with him, he had periodically disappeared, and she had been trying to figure out what he was doing. This Meena she was talking to, she looked right into her eyes when they spoke, it didn't seem possible for her to be a bad woman. Meena reminded Jaya of someone...
"My name is Jaya. I just moved here from India."
"I suppose you recently got married?" Meena asked cautiously.
"Yes, perhaps you know my husband," Jaya said, even more cautiously, "his name is Jagunathan."
Meena smiled kindly. She was relieved. At least some pieces of this puzzle are falling together she thought.
"Actually I do. We work for the same magazine."
"Is it? I see." Meena laughed inwardly. This girl wants some answers. It occurred to Meena that Jaya looked very young, and was probably no more than 20. Nathan had told her the night before that she had come to the United States with him very shortly after the wedding. He had also revealed that he had not yet spoken to his bride. She has been left alone in the dark. Laughter was replaced with admiration when Meena realized that rather than sit around waiting for the situation to clear, Jaya was taking matters into her own hands.
"Yes, Nathan, that's his nickname in our circle, he came to our magazine right out of college. I am his senior by a few, I mean, quite a few years. There are a few of us who work in the same office building, and also live in this apartment complex. We're all friends. I'm sure you will meet everyone soon."
"Indian friends?"
"Well, we try to be Indian, but most of us grew up here. Mostly we exchange movie cassettes."
"You have Indian movies?"
"Actually, right now, my movies would be in your apartment. Before I went to India, I dropped them off with Nathan." Meena saw the mention of her husband made Jaya's eyes flinch.
"You were in India when we got married. You did not come to the wedding?"
"Actually, I left in a hurry when I found out the adoption had been cleared. I had left my apartment key with Nathan because I thought he would be able to keep an eye out on the place while I was gone. But then, I suppose shortly after I left, your wedding plans had been set and he left as well. I didn't receive news of the wedding until it was too late for me to attend."
"Yes, as soon as my visa was cleared, the wedding was put together. It was very sudden."
"Well, I know that all of Nathan's friends will want to meet you. I am sure that once you are both settled, we will be able to plan a much more leisure party in your honor."
"That's not necessary, really" the lump in Jaya's throat had long since melted, but suddenly she felt like crying again. Who was this Meena? Jaya had resolved not to let her emotions take her, but she was so confused. Meena seemed nice enough, but what was her husband doing here last night.
"Jaya, please don't be upset. See, you just got here, so everything is still new to you. Soon you will see how boring our lives are, and how much we need reasons for parties!" Meena smiled, but Jaya just looked at her angrily. Meena's smile melted from her face, revealing the concern beneath. Jaya remembered the spectacle she had made at the door.
"Last night I saw my husband enter this apartment,"she said through gritted teeth.
"Oh yes, he was here last night. See I told him to look in on my apartment from time to time while I was gone. But, then I came back earlier than I said I would, and I didn't tell anyone that," Jaya looked like she wanted to believe her, but needed a little push.
"Well I suppose he was here for a little bit. Nathan didn't know that I had gone to get a baby, and I had to explain why I suddenly had a 14 month old baby, didn't I?" Jaya smiled. Kannan was tugging at her bangles. Kannan, the name of young Krishna when he was being raised by his adoptive mother, Yashoda. It was the name of an adored son. Talking to Meena was a changed from the past five days. It was nice to have a friend again.
"I'm sorry. I have overreacted. There is no excuse for my behavior. I shall leave now." Jaya stood up hesitating with the baby in her arms.
"Please stay. For three days my only conversation has been with a toddler. If you're not in a hurry, I would love to get to know you."
Jaya sat down. "I was hoping you would say that. Even after how I have behaved toward you. Please forgive me."
"What is to forgive? Nathan is a good friend of mine, and I hope you will be too. I was very surprised to learn that the marriage had happened so quickly, and that you had come here so soon after as well. Surely it must have been hard for you to leave all your friends and family."
"It, my father was very excited to have found an American husband for me. He may have hurried things along."
"How interesting! When I went to India, most of the people I ran into were rather wary of Americans. It seemed like we had a bad reputation."
"Perhaps. It is more difficult to know what an American will be like. In India, when my friends married Indians, there was always some male relative who would know the groom like a friend. Then you know more about the groom: if he has a temper or if he's kind, what his favorite foods are, what his family is like. But when I was married, there was no one to ask these things. There was not even the time for one of my brothers to get to know him."
" That must have been frightening for you. And to come to new country with him! You are very brave."
" No, I am not brave. If I really didn't want to come here so soon, I could have waited."
"But you didn't mind coming so soon after the wedding?"
"I felt that he was a kind person, I remember when he would call from here, when we were engaged, he would always ask me what I thought about things. Like the type of car he should buy, or what color sari he should give his mother on his birthday."
"Yes, Nathan is a nice person to know, and he cares so much what you think."
"Yuck, yuck." Kannan wiggled in Jaya's lap.
"Oh, my baby wants to eat some 'yuck, yuck' doesn't he" Meena cooed, taking him from Jaya. Jaya followed Meena into the kitchen. Meena poured some mushed idli into a dish and took a deep pot off the stove. She poured milk over the idli and then put a spoonful of sugar in the mixture before mixing it with her spoon. The idli steamed and frothed in the milk. Kannan laughed, "Yuck, yuck!"
"What is this yuck, yuck?" Jaya asked.
"Idli and milk. This is what they gave him in the orphanage. I think it looks awful, so I said "yuck" when I first saw it. Ever since, he calls it Yuck yuck."
Jaya laughed. "He has different eating habits."
"He has difficult habits. I have never made idli before I got this baby."
"Never?" Jaya looked at Meena incredulously. Idli was a hard dish to make the first time by one's self. The sink was piled high with dishes, evidence that there had been a struggle. Jaya had been to the grocery store with Nathan's mother. There had been so many foods for babies, yet Meena had gone to the trouble of making this food for her baby. Jaya was touched by the lengths Meena had gone to for her son.
Meena smiled at Jaya, " Kannan has left the only life he has ever known. It will not kill me to oblige him in this." Jaya then noticed a burn mark on Meena arm, the mark of hot water from the pressure cooker.
"Are all Americans so considerate?" she asked, more to herself than to Meena.
"I'm not sure I understand."
"It's nothing, just a thought I had. The day after my wedding, my husband came to my father's house to lunch. I was serving him, but he did not eat immediately. He, he asked me to sit and eat with him. I was surprised, but later I thought that it was very kind of him."
" Jaya, these are simple acts. But do you see how much care is translated in them?"
Jaya nodded. Meena's love for her son. Nathan's feelings toward his wife. But something was wrong...
"But he has not spoken to me for many days now. He has been avoiding me, I."
The lump returned to her throat.
"I'm sure you have not done anything wrong. Why don't you ask him why he's so quiet? He won't be angry with you. He's actually a little shy. He might be looking for a good opportunity to talk to you himself."
Just then the doorbell rang. "Jaya, I hate to ask a guest, but could you watch the stove for me while I get that? Thanks" Meena ran to the door with the baby on her hip. Left alone, Jaya reflected on her situation in a new light. For so many days she had been worrying. Worrying that she had done something wrong, worried that her life would be like that Jaya Prada film "47 Days" where the Indian husband took his bride to a foreign country where it turned out he actually had another wife. Now she had a friend, a confidante who she knew she could trust. Jaya had trusted her feelings about Nathan in India, now she felt she wasn't wrong. She was a strong soul, and she would tell her husband so. She would not let him avoid her any longer. He is the type of person I want to get to know better, she thought, and I will do it.
"Vijaya Lakshmi?"
Jaya turned around with a start. There stood Nathan holding Kannan. Kannan looked like he was about to start crying. Jaya took a deep breath and smiled, " I will take him. He likes me." She said, taking the baby from Nathan.
"Um, Meena had to talk to the landlord about something, she asked if we could stay with the baby for a few minutes. I said it would be alright. Is it?" he asked apologetically.
"I don't mind."
"Meena told me you came down to meet her. That was very kind of you to do so." Jaya laughed. Nathan looked like he was about to run away. She wasn't frightened anymore.
"She is a very nice friend. Maybe we can invite some of your friends to our apartment sometime soon?"
"That would be ...good." Nathan felt his shyness slipping away. He paused,
"Would you like to see the town water fountain tonight?"
"Is it near a mall?"
"Well there is one near it. Do you like malls?"
"I don't know, I have not been to one before." Nathan smiled. "Then we'll go tonight. Is there anything else you'd like to see?"
Jaya smiled back at Nathan. "Many things, but I don't know what half of them are just yet."
They heard the front door open. Jaya and Nathan rose to leave. Jaya went to turn the stove off, but it was not even on. Meena will be a dear friend, Jaya thought.
Nathan waited for Jaya to join him, before walking to the door where Meena stood, holding an empty trash can.
"Thank you so much for watching my Kanna. Won't you have some tea?"
"Thanks Meena, but Vijaya Lakshmi and I are going out this evening. I want to show her the malls before the stores close."
"Oh, that sounds fun! Make sure you go through the department stores. There is no such thing as a mall without a department store. Have a good time."
"Thank you Meena. I hope I may talk to you again, soon" Jaya said, handing Kannan to her.
"Yeah Meena, maybe Vijaya Lakshmi can teach you to make a proper idli," teased Nathan, for which he properly received a swat from his wife.
"She has done a wonderful job, and call me Jaya."
Nathan laughed. Winking at his wife, " So she has, Jaya, so she has."


text:
Diploma in Nursing in Emergencies and Disaster
Providencia (Metro Salvador)
Start of Class:
October 2016
Contact Us:
The importance of nursing care related to emergencies and disasters is increasing day by day. Hazardous events of anthropic, natural and socio natural kinds affect the world's population with rates of injury and mortality. It is required to have nurses trained in emergency and disaster relief with extensive expertise. The Diploma graduate possess the skills to successfully participate in Emergency and Disaster relief and to integrate extra hospital rescue teams and hospital care and integrate international humanitarian missions. The Diploma includes field visits and practical modules.
The Diploma has 9 modules and is 360 chronological hours long and 540 individual work hours. The diploma has 36 (SCT). The Diploma follows a presential class's format (one semester).
Module 1.- Introduction to the concept of emergencies and disasters (40 hours)
- Concepts of emergency and disaster
- Sendai Framework
- Role of nursing in emergency relief
Module 2.-Health impacts of disasters and emergencies (40 hours)
- Health problems common to all natural disasters
- Immediate Health Problems linked to the type of disaster
- Myths and Realities of Natural Disasters
Module 3.- Networks of emergencies and disasters relief (40 hours)
- Rescue Networks
- Local Emergency Management
- Study of cases
Module 4.- Addressing emergency management (40 hours)
- Multi-agency response
- Scene Safety
- Security perimeters and áreas
- Advanced medical stations
Module 5.- Management of multiple victims (site visits) (40 hours)
- Prehospital Emergency Care
- Reception and hospital treatment
- Redistribution of patients between hospitals
Module 6.- Triage in Disaster (practical workshop) (40 hours)
- Multiple Victims Emergencies and Disasters
- Principles, fundamentals and concepts of triage.
- Basic, advanced and in-hospital Triage .
- Triage in Extra hospital situations.
Module 7.- Emergency (40 hours)
- Emergency toxicological
- Acute and emergency identification and management of different types of shock
- Accident and Emergency Cardiovascular.
- Identification Emergency management and respiratory emergencies.
- Metabolic and Epileptic Emergency Status.
- Extra hospital Resuscitation practice
Module 8.- BASIC CPR (practical workshop) (40 hours)
- Chain of Survival
- Safety
- Contact
- Ask For Help
- Circulation
- Cardiac Compressions
- Automatic External Defibrillator
- Advanced Management
- Care Post Shutdown.
Module 9.- Healthcare in emergencies and disasters (40 hours)
- Damage and needs assessment
- Logistics disaster
- Nurses with skills of knowing, being and doing in emergencies and disasters.
- Hospital rescue teams and hospital care and integrate international humanitarian missions.
Presential mode: the Diploma has the most advanced learning methodologies for learning by doing in presential workshops, in on-line programs and in blended solutions.
Theorical and practical mods, with on-site activities. The Diploma is presented as a series of theoretical and practical integrated modules, which will offer knowledge, booklets for decision-making and limited practice of some clinical procedures. Students will learn from in site activities. The Diploma students will Access the High Fidelity Simulation Center with all of its equipment
Simulation is positively associated with significantly improved interpersonal communication skills at patient handover, and it has also been clearly shown to improve team behaviours in a wide variety of clinical contexts and clinical personnel, associated with improved team performance in the management of crisis situations. It also enables the effective development of transferable, transformational leadership skills, and has also been demonstrated to improve students' critical thinking and clinical reasoning in complex care situations, and to aid in the development of students' self-efficacy and confidence in their own clinical abilities. Research shows didactic learning gained from simulations is retained longer than knowledge gained through lectures. The few studies that have investigated skills using simulators or simulations found this teaching method sometimes leads to quicker skill acquisition than conventional methods
- Foreign students with a pre grade nursing certificate
- English good command
Ser Mejores se Puede
Avanzar cada día es una elección
Universidad SEK
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text:
View/Download Opportunites
Construction: Ives Library Phase 2
false - -
Time Left: Closed
Construction Title: Ives Library Phase 2
Construction Number: 21255
Closing Date: 2/12/2014
Closing Time (EST): 3:00 pm
Pre-Proposal Meeting Date: 1/28/2014
Pre-Proposal Meeting Time: 2:00 pmPre-Proposal Meeting Location: 133 Elm Street - Ives Main Library Lobby
(NOTE: The Purchasing Department STRONGLY urges you to download (below) and review specifications and drawings prior to any pre-bid meeting).
Estimated Budget: $620,000.00
Posting Date: 1/26/2014
Addendum Posted: Y
Tab/Results Sheet Posted: Yes. Click To View Download.
Overview: Lower Level Modernization Phase 2
Step 1
Download Solicitation Documents
Step 2
Solicitation Submission
Step 3
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Step 4
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Download Tab Sheet: Submission Results Available
This item has been archived and cannot be downloaded.
Awarded To: TITAN ENTERPRISES, INC.
DISCLAIMER: In order to ensure that you have a complete and accurate solicitation package prior to submission, It is the responsibility of each vendor to periodically check our web site to review for any addendums or submission deadline changes. The City of reserves the right to reject any incomplete submittals and/or to waive any informalities.
The City of New Haven only assumes responsibility for the accuracy of information contained within bid/proposal packages, and any applicable addenda, which are obtained directly from:
City of New Haven
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New Haven, CT 06510
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text:
|GCPD Officer Strickland
|General Information
|Real name:
|Strickland (first name unrevealed)
|First Appearance:
|Batman: Arkham City (2011)
|Created by:
| Paul Dini
Dax Ginn
Sefton Hill
|Gotham City Police Department, 13th Precinct
|Firearm training
|Portrayed by:
|Roger Rose
GCPD Officer Strickland was an undercover Officer within Arkham City.
Batman: Arkham CityEdit
When Arkham City was developed, Commissioner James Gordon, due to his attempts to question Sharp about Arkham City either being ignored directly or placed in red tape, sent ten members of the 13th precinct to go undercover into Arkham City, one of them being Strickland.
Unfortunately, as soon as he and his fellow squad arrived in Arkham City, they were exposed via an information leak and captured by the Penguin's men. He was frozen by the Penguin's Ice Gun, which had formerly belonged to Mr. Freeze, along with his fellow officers Whitman and, after he tried to escape Forrester. Batman, after learning what happened to him from Forrester shortly after freeing him from his icy prison, rescued him.


text:
To begin 101MoneyTalk.com's "Food Vacuum Sealer Review," let's discuss what keeps food fresh. Food spoilage can be described in two words – mold and bacteria. The progression in either of these two elements in food is what causes it to spoil. Cut off the source of food to mold and bacteria and they will not grow, reduce the source of food and they grow more slowly. Mold and bacteria need warmth, air, moisture and a food source (i.e. your food). This is why food left on the counter will spoil in a few days (and in some cases such as dairy a few hours) while food placed in the refrigerator will last considerably longer (less warmth), and food placed in the freezer longer still (even less warmth). Cooling off food retards the progression of mold and bacteria by reducing warmth. This is how it was done it the past by virtually every household in America, until recently.
Air, Bacteria and Mold's Best Friend
Until recently only food manufacturers had the capability to take air out of food packaging, thus eliminating the second source of mold and bacteria, air. They did this with sophisticated machines that "sucked the air" out of packaging. They called their item a "vacuum packed product." Industrial vacuum sealers, which have also been called "chamber vacuum sealers" sealed dozens of packages at a time, but cost hundreds of thousands of dollars or more to the food manufacturer. They sucked out the air, but once you open their sealed product, the countdown to spoilage began. By vacuum packing product, and then putting it in the freezer, this added literally months (in most cases), to the life of the product – the most obvious of which is meat. "A few short hours on the counter, days in the refrigerator, or a few weeks in the freezer," was the mantra before vacuum sealers, now its still hours on the counter (we would never say otherwise), but weeks and months in the refrigerator and freezer, depending on the meat and other conditions.
Weston 65-0101 Pro-2100 Vacuum Sealer
Why Does it Really Matter?
For most households, food represents 10-15 percent of the total household spend. Yet the majority of households throw out massive amounts of spoiled food every year, wasting valuable dollars in the process. The head of the household gets it half right, by refrigerating or freezing their groceries, but they leave food exposed to harmful air in the refrigerator/freezer. Because of the short shelf life, until food sealers came along, consumers were reluctant to make big bulk purchases at warehouse clubs. A food vacuum sealer changes all of that. Now you can split up the packaging into smaller portions and suck the air right out; saving money on two counts, bulk purchase discounts and longer life, dramatically reducing waste. The net result is a massive savings to you (if you want to save even more on food, subscribe to 101MoneyTalk.com for free in the form on the right and receive our free e-book, How to Save Over 50 Percent on Your Grocery Bill, Every Time! instantly).
Now that you're convinced (we hope you're convinced). The next question is: which food vacuum sealer is right for you? We rated food vacuum sealers based on four criteria:
1. Functionality;
2. Reliability;
3. Packaging costs;
4. Price.
Without further ado below please find 101MoneyTalk.com's 2013 Food Vacuum Sealer Review
Vacupack Elite Vacuum Sealer – $555.00
The Vacupack Elite Vacuum Sealer offers several unique features. An exclusive crimping heat bar for wet sealing, a water diversion trap to protect the pump and motor with high volume wet or dry sealing. An adjustable heat setting, auto and manual vacuum modes, puts the operator in complete control. The channel design is very easy to operate with easy to read push buttons. The extra tall vacuum port protects the pump from liquid and allows for the use of a hose and jar sealer to seal mason jars and canisters. Built with superior Stainless Steel will not rust or pit.
Weston 65-0101 Pro-2100 Vacuum Sealer – $411.64
The easy-to-use Weston Vacuum Sealer comes equipped with an extra-large Teflon bar for sealing bags up to 15 inches wide, a double-piston vacuum pump, and a transparent vacuum lid for perfect bag alignment while sealing. Other highlights include a fan-cooled motor, commercial-grade acrylic construction for long-lasting durability, a detachable power cord, and a handy cord-storage compartment. A nice addition to any busy kitchen, the vacuum sealer measures 22-1/2 by 12-1/4 by 6 inches and carries a one-year limited warranty.
VillaWare V2830W Advanced Design Foodsaver Vacuum Food Sealer Packaging System – $299.99
As one of the newest Foodsavers, this unit has all the original benefits of hands free operation, easy-clean drip tray, built-in roll storage and cutter, extra-wide sealing strip, two-speed settings, adjustable food settings and crush-free instant seal with the added bonus of a counter-saving flip-up design. FoodSaver V2840 Advanced Design Vacuum Food Sealer – $279.99 The New V2840 is simpler, sleeker and smarter, the innovative new design flips up to conserve counter space when not in use. The stainless steel lid is a perfect accent for any kitchen. The V2840 offers easy, intuitive operation and new features include in an extra-wide sealign strip and two vacuum speeds. Hands Free Operation vacuums, seals and shuts off automatically with a single touch. Easy-clean Drip Tray removes easily is dishwasher safe and antibacterial. Includes built-in roll holder and cutter to simplify making custom-size bags. Adjustable food settings allows user to change the seal level for the type of food – moist or dry. Canister mode achieves the best vacuum on canisters and accessories
VacMaster 87630 Pro 130 Food Sealer -$179.99
The VacMaster Pro 130 combines commercial quality with ease of use, making it perfect for everyday kitchen use. The Pro 130 keeps food fresh up to five times longer and is great for portion control and table-ready dishes. By combining advanced technology with superb design, we have created the ultimate in vacuum packaging systems. Our digital control panel allows you to choose automatic or manual settings or to instantly seal any bag, eliminating partial seals and wasted bags. The extra-long seal bar raises and lowers during the vacuum process so the bag is heated only during that time.
Oliso FF-500 Frisper Freshkeeper Vacuum Sealer
FoodSaver V3440 Vacuum-Sealing System with SmartSeal Technology – $169.99
Not our favorite of the FoodSaver line, given the price and feature combination; however it is worth noting the Automatic Bag Sensing feature, which takes the guesswork out of vacuum packaging. Plus the new vertical profile help keep kitchen clutter to a minimum.
FoodSaver V2244 Advanced Design Vacuum Sealer – $99.99 (101MoneyTalk.com recommended)
The new V2244 Vacuum sealer Its the top seller in its price class and our recommended model overall. This full-sized vacuum channel has a crush free instant seal and hands free operation. Overall user rating is the highest on multiple websites and complaint level the lowest. It's slightly louder than a few of the others, because of the larger motor, but this just comes because of more sucking power.
Rival Black Rechargeable Seal-a-Meal Food Sealer – $99.99
Features an accessory port, removable drip tray, one-touch vacuum and seal buttons with indicator lights, Microban antimicrobial product protection, and comes with a starter bag kit and Smart Guide to Vacuum Food Storage
Oliso FF-500 Frisper Freshkeeper Vacuum Sealer – $79.99
The Oliso Frisper is a powerful vacuum sealer that uses reusable zip top bags. The Frisper is a fraction of the size of other sealers with as much power and is attractive enough to leave on your counter top. Easy to use just fill the bag zip it closed, insert in the Frisper push one button and you are done. Compact stylish design for the home saves valuable counter space One click hands free use. Error proof indicator light lets you know when done Easy clean pop out drip tray is dishwasher safe Removes air in seconds Professional vacuum performance.
Deni 1931 Turbo Pump Commercial Quality Vacuum Sealer – $74.99
The Deni Vacuum Sealer is designed for today's consumer concerned with managing their household food budgets more effectively.
Seal-A-Meal VS107 Vacuum Food Sealer – $59.99
Seal and store meals in serving-sized portions for simple and effective portion control. Features an accessory port, removable drip tray, one-touch vacuum and seal buttons with indicator lights.
Toastess TBS-21 Vacuum-Packing Food-Storage System – $49.99
Toastess stores most types of foods, documents, silver, jewellery, etc. Reduces waste and spoilage includes 3m (10-feet) Polyethylene roll. Microwave safe bags cuts bag to desired width. Built in cord storage.
Black & Decker Vacuum sealer, VS1300 -$43.18
The Black & Decker Vacuum Seal Fresh Guard professional performance canister vacuum sealer seals in foods freshness cooked or un-cooked. The system works with most vacuum canisters and has a universal vacuum hose. You can marinate food in minutes instead of hours
Deni 1331 Freshlock Vacuum Sealer – $29.99
Freshlock vacuum sealer will store and protect countless other household items. Freshlock vacuum sealer includes one 10 foot roll of polyethylene plastic bagging material
And the winners are:
High End – (five-star) Weston 65-0101 Pro-2100 Vacuum Sealer, $411.64
Mid Range – (five-star) FoodSaver V2840 Advanced Design Vacuum Food Sealer, $279.99
Low End – (five-star) FoodSaver V2244 Advanced Design Vacuum Sealer, $99.99 (101MoneyTalk.com"Top Choice" for overall price and features)
Recommended Posts:
Hot Ten Reviews FoodSaver GameSaver Deluxe Vacuum Sealer Review


text:
Hi friends! It's Amber, from Dessert Now, Dinner Later! I'm back to share another great recipe with you all!
Can you believe that October is pretty much over?! That went by way too fast! Things need to slow down because I am enjoying fall and I know winter will be here in Utah sooner than I like to admit!
Today's recipe is fall and pumpkin inspired. I'm not ready to give up the pumpkin recipes yet! They're good through Thanksgiving anyways, right?! Good!
This pumpkin recipe, is much less traditional in my mind because I am always BAKING with pumpkin, but this Pumpkin Cheesecake Dip is a no-bake delightful treat!
Basically you can dip ANYTHING in it and it will taste good. Sweet or savory. We did apples, vanilla wafers and pretzels, but ritz crackers and gingersnaps would be good too!
My husband brought some to work and they smeared it on some cinnamon waffles (he manages the waffle production for a company) and everyone was "ooh-ing" and "aah-ing" over how good it was!
I think this Pumpkin Cheesecake Dip would work well as a no bake cheesecake in a graham cracker pie crust as well. Really, it's so versatile and delicious!
If you have a party coming up and need something easy to bring, make this! You'll be glad you did!
- 1 (8oz) pkg Neufchatel cream cheese
- ¾ cup powdered sugar
- 1 cup pumpkin puree (NOT pumpkin pie filling)
- 1 Tbsp pumpkin pie spice
- 1 (8oz) tub cool whip
- With a handheld mixer and large bowl, beat the cream cheese with the powdered sugar until smooth.
- Mix in the pumpkin puree and pie spice.
- Beat in the cool whip until mixed thoroughly and the beaters leave ripples in the dip.
- Optional: Top with a sprinkle of cinnamon or pumpkin pie spice.
- Serve with apples, pretzels, vanilla wafers or your favorite dippers.
Connect with Amber:
Blog | Facebook | Twitter | Pinterest | Google + | Instagram
Want more pumpkin recipes?
Cream Cheese Filled Pumpkin Bread


text:
Hip Indian chick #1: We should totally go to Raj's party tomorrow night.
Hip Indian chick #2: Oh my god, we totally should! Except it's in Brooklyn. Like, how would we even get there? Are there like, bridges or something?
Hip Indian chick #1: You're kidding, right?
Hip Indian chick #2, laughing: Wow! I am so one of those people who are like total geniuses but always forget like, really basic stuff.
Hip Indian chick #1: Umm, yeah. Totally. –M14D Bus Overheard by: Cody
Republished by Blog Post Promoter


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Each repair sleeve is built to meet or exceed all OE specifications and is validated for fit, form and function. Application specific design to ensure a perfect fit and correct operation for unsurpassed quality that you can trust.
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Our activities in the UK
Find out more about our activities in the UK
Find out more about our activities in the UK
What can you expect from a bank like ABN AMRO?
A bank that is trusted, professional and ambitious.
We at ABN AMRO believe trust is all about establishing and maintaining lasting relationships.
We at ABN AMRO understand banking. We genuinely believe in our profession and take responsibility by saying "no" if saying "yes" would not do right by you.
We at ABN AMRO are always stretching our boundaries and striving to achieve more for you.
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text:
The Los Angeles Dodgers and San Francisco Giants, who concluded a four-game series Sunday night, will next play at Dodger Stadium on May 18. It's not known whether a greater police presence will be in force at that series.
And it's also not known if Bryan Stow will have emerged from his medically-induced coma by then.
Stow, a 42-year-old Giants fan from Santa Cruz, Calif., was critically injured Thursday night after he was beaten by Dodgers fans after the team's opening-night victory at Chavez Ravine. He remains hospitalized in Los Angeles after undergoing surgery to remove a portion of his skull to ease swelling.
Stow, a paramedic and a father of two, attended the game with two friends, clad in Giants regalia. A friend of Stow's believes he was attacked "because he was the biggest" of the group. His assailants disappeared into a large crowd exiting the stadium and are still at large; a $10,000 reward has been offered for information leading to their arrest.
Sunday, the owners of both teams and elected officials of both cities issued a joint statement condemning the attack and calling on fans to "root hard for your teams, and do so with civility and common decency."
Words alone, of course, won't make a stadium safe. The question the Dodgers must answer: Is their stadium -- particularly when the Giants are in town -- sufficiently secure?
Dodgers owner Frank McCourt told the Los Angeles Times that he was satisfied the club has done everything possible to make Dodger Stadium safe.
Said McCourt:
"You could have 2,000 policemen there, and it's just not going to change that random act of violence."
Times columnist T.J. Simers takes issue with the tone of McCourt's comments, noting that McCourt said the attack marred "what was otherwise a fantastic day."
A day in which 72 fans were arrested, and 48 more cited.
The Giants-Dodgers rivalry has simmered in the stands for decades. It was not uncommon to see officers from the San Francisco Police Department clad in riot gear when the teams played at old Candlestick Park.
Now, Dodger Stadium appears to be the flashpoint for what Simers describes as an angry society "finding sports the release."
That anger took the form of an apparently random attack Thursday night. Rebecca Mackowiak, who worked alongside Stow as a paramedic for five years, told the San Francisco Chronicle he would be the last person to incite violence.
"We get called to a lot of fights, and he's always the one to calm things down, get people laughing," she said. "There is no doubt in my mind that if these guys were harassing him, he just walked away."
Daily Pitch is a baseball fan's destination for breaking news, emerging trends and enlightening banter. With a veteran group of reporters positioned in three time zones, we provide a balanced, comprehensive glimpse at our national pastime, with a nod to both the passion and complexities that make the sport irresistible to many. More about our reporters