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Now right here is a different from usual assessment. When does clothes grow to be a gadget, you ask? When it comes packed with plenty of options! It does not require to possess buttons or headphones built in, but just the fact that it does a job, along with a job nicely carried out is adequate to make it a gadgets. So, what exactly is this? The AK from Nobis can be a Really WARM jacket, and it is a bit distinct in the usual. The initial factor that strikes you is the fact that the zip structure is quite various in the way we're made use of to. A zip goes down for the front half, but not each of the way down. Nonetheless, a couple of zips below your arms allow you to get in to the jacket, or loosen it. Becoming windproof/waterproof, I think about that this has been completed to help keep the wind out, and give you maximum protection from oncoming winds. The zips do have flaps over them, to provide you further protection in the wind as well. Once you go beyond the zip layout, you get started to notice the material. This can be where this jacket actually shines. It functions an business major eco-friendly synthetic insulation, 100% polyester crosshatch shell, and it comes with their own Sympatex membrane lamination. This material is each windproof and waterproof, but is still breathable. And naturally, to leading it off, the material is coated using a water repellent coating, DWR (Durable Water Repellent). All this tends to make this jacket pretty warm, as I talked about above. Just to allow you to know, wearing just a t shirt underneath, and this on major, I was feeling pretty warm even when I attempted to walk concerning the 0 degree temperature mark. I did, however, notice, that it felt a little tight, in spite of being the correct size for me (L). Sizes do vary from manufacturer to manufacturer, and nation to nation, but normally L works wonderful for me. This as well as the intriguing side seam and front zip produced for fascinating putting on and taking off with the jacket at instances, but as soon as on you feel snug and cosy. Then you will discover the pockets. There is loads of those http://www.nobisonit.com/women-nobis-astrid-c-1_2.html , and I like a jacket that comes with that option. Interior pocket having a zipper, a zip pocket at left chest, a self pocket flap at woke, front and back pouch pockets, and front hip pockets. Size complaints aside Nobis women, this does come in a wide selection of sizes: XS, S, M, L nobis jacket sale, XL, XXL So, would I propose this jacket? Definitely. You won't wear it everyday, but the moment the temperature drops under 4 degreesC, this can turn into your visit jacket Nobis Audrina, to not mention the essential jacket to possess if you are out and about within the snow!
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This new bottling from Springbank has been matured in small casks 'Rundlets or Kilderkins' which holds 18 gallons. In the 17th and 18th century these size casks were sold directly to the local gentry from the distillery. Distilled in November 2001 and bottled in January 2012, this is a limited run of just 9000 bottled worldwide. Bottled at 49.4% vol.
Colour: Russet
Nose: Honey, vanilla, chocolate, nougat, and toffee in abundance followed by hints of wholesome freshly ground nutmeg.
Palate: Creamy and rich as expected from the nose, with notes of chocolate covered honey comb mixed with pistachio and crushed almonds. Rich and oily from its maturation in small casks, it gives an impression of being older than its ten years.
Finish: The ground nutmeg is still evident on the finish but the creaminess outstays the spices to a long smooth and sweet finish. With water this dram develops an even sweeter finish, fruity and sugar candy, it becomes even smoother.

subset: commoncrawl


text: Home Consumer Technology Slideshow Get a Grip: 25 Winter Gloves That Work With Smartphones, Tablets Smart gloves with conductive fabrics let you operate smartphones, tablets and e-readers without exposing your digits. By Ann Bednarz, Assistant Managing Editor, Features, Network World | Dec 4, 2013 4:52 PM PT Share All Slides SLIDEFEATURED PRODUCTS 180s Foundation 180s Down Mujjo Double-Layered Touchscreen Gloves Mujjo Leather Crochet Touchscreen Gloves Burton Pyro Glove Burton Touchscreen Liner BearTek Gloves Etre Touchy Wool Gloves The North Face Etip The North Face Etip Facet Aerostich Touch-Screen Elkskin Ropers REI Tech-Compatible One Gloves REI Switchback Gloves SmartWool PhD HyFi Training Glove SmartWool PhD Alpine Mitten SmartWool Liner Glove 180s Lush Timberland Fleece Touchscreen Glove Griffin TapPinchZoom Gloves Echo Touch Wool Gloves Echo Touch Pleats Gloves L.L. Bean Touchscreen Multisport Power Stretch Gloves Isotoner smarTouch Tech Stretch Gloves Isotoner smarTouch Allover Knit Gloves Isotoner smarTouch Tec Leather Gloves Share this Slideshow Direct link: With the cold weather comes the smartphone owner's challenge: how to keep hands warm while handling a touchscreen in freezing temps. Fortunately, there are plenty of winter gloves made for smartphone- and tablet-toting people. Conductive fabric lets you type, swipe and scroll on your mobile devices without exposing your digits. Escape winter's chilly grip with these 25 touchscreen-friendly options.SEE ALSO: 12 jobs getting the biggest raises in 2014 Inside CIO paychecks 180s Foundation The entire palm and every finger on the Foundation glove ($32) from 180s is made to work with touchscreen devices. The stretchy glove also features the company's QuantumHeat fabric, which is engineered to retain body heat and wick away moisture. 180s Down Down fill brings warmth and insulation to the 180s Down glove ($65), and the company's QuantumTouch technology -- which is worked into the leather palm -- provides the conductivity. Mujjo Double-Layered Touchscreen Gloves Stand out from the crowd in Mujjo's chic Double-Layered Touchscreen Gloves ($33.54), which add an extra layer for very cold conditions. Silver-coated nylon fibers are knit into the fabric to make the entire surface of the gloves conductive. Silicon dots on the palms aid in gripping. The extra wool layer acts as an insulator and doubles as lining. Leather detailing creates a snap closure at the cuff. Mujjo Leather Crochet Touchscreen Gloves Dutch glove maker Mujjo kicks up the style quotient with its Leather Crochet Touchscreen Gloves ($100). The crochet pattern on the top contrasts with leather on the palm; the gloves are lined with cashmere. Nanotechnology integrated into the leather enables touchscreen control. Burton Pyro Glove The Pyro Glove from Burton ($49.95) combines weatherproof warmth with touchscreen technology that's build into the synthetic leather palm so it won't fray or wear off. The insulated gloves have a waterproof shell and moisture-wicking fleece lining. Burton Touchscreen Liner Meant to be worn under another glove or mitten, the Burton Touchscreen Liner ($16.95) has a membrane on the tip of the index finger and thumb to let you manipulate touchscreens. The liner is made with a stretch jersey fabric for flexibility. BearTek Gloves BearTek takes things a step further with Bluetooth-enabled functionality that lets you control your phone without taking it out of your pocket. Once the phone is synched with the gloves, six silver touchpoints on the index, middle and ring fingers let you do what you need to do -- answer the phone, hang up, record or stop a video, play music, and other functions. The lineup includes Snow sporting gloves ($120), Classic all-purpose gloves ($95) and Moto motorcycle gloves ($145). The interchangeable Bluetooth module, sold separately, costs $140. Etre Touchy Wool Gloves There's no conductive fabric or integrated nanotechnology in Etre's Touchy Wool gloves ($65). Instead, the London-based design shop lopped off the thumb and index finger, so you can freely phone, text and take pictures while the rest of your hand stays warm. The wool gloves are made in Scotland at a family-run mill. The North Face Etip The tip fabric on The North Face's Etip gloves has metallic silver bonded to the face. A silicone pattern on the palm is designed for a better grip. The stretchy, knit gloves are available in women's and men's versions ($45). The North Face Etip Facet To make the most of winter sports, Facet combines a waterproof shell with touchscreen-friendly leather palms. The insulated ski gloves are available in women's and men's versions ($120). Aerostich Touch-Screen Elkskin Ropers Aerostich makes gear for motorcyclists, and its U.S.-made Touch-Screen Elkskin Ropers ($63) are designed to work with touchscreen devices thanks to rows of conductive stitching. The gloves are made of medium- to heavy-weight elkskin for durability. REI Tech-Compatible One Gloves Meant to balance warmth plus dexterity, REI's Tech-Compatible One gloves ($36.50) are made with a polyester soft-shell fabric and have conductive leather at the thumbs and index fingers. The leather palms are also designed to give the wearer a solid grip on ski poles and other winter gear. REI Switchback Gloves The fleece liners inside REI's heavy-duty Switchback gloves ($69.50) have conductive material at the tips of the thumbs and index fingers. The liners can be worn on their own or paired with the outer, waterproof gloves when you need more protection. SmartWool PhD HyFi Training Glove SmartWool's knit PhD HyFi Training gloves ($45) have silicone grippers on the palms and fingers. The gloves are made of a blend of nylon, wool and elastane. SmartWool PhD Alpine Mitten Serious chills call for serious mittens. The Alpine mitten ($140) from SmartWool keeps hands dry and warm with a mix of wool, leather and nylon. The TouchTec leather palm is touch-screen compatible, and the mittens are lined with wool insulation. SmartWool Liner Glove To be worn under another pair of gloves or on its own, SmartWool's lightweight Liner Glove ($24) is 95% merino wool and 5% elastane. Touchscreen-friendly fibers are knit into the fingertips. 180s Lush 180s put its ALLTouch technology on the fingertips of the Lush gloves for women ($30). Made of soft plush fleece, the Lush glove also has a faux suede palm patch for added grip. Timberland Fleece Touchscreen Glove Timberland's Fleece Touchscreen Gloves ($30) for men have touchscreen-friendly pads on the index finger and thumb. The shell and lining are polyester. The women's version ($60) is leather with a fleece lining. Griffin TapPinchZoom Gloves The TapPinchZoom gloves (regularly $29.99, on sale for $19.99) from Griffin Technology are made from acrylic knit. Silver capacitive thread is woven throughout the gloves. Echo Touch Wool Gloves Echo's eLink fabric is knit into the index finger and thumb of each men's Echo Touch wool glove ($78). The gloves are made of wool and spandex with leather detailing on the palm and fingers to prevent slipping. Echo Touch Pleats Gloves For women, Echo offers pleated ($38) and ruched ($38) versions of its Echo Touch gloves (among many other styles). L.L. Bean Touchscreen Multisport Power Stretch Gloves Made of Polartec fabric, L.L. Bean's Touchscreen Multisport Power Stretch Gloves ($29.95 for women and men) are water resistant and have conductive fabric on palm, fingers and thumb for operating a touchscreen. Isotoner smarTouch Tech Stretch Gloves The thumb, index, and middle fingers of Isotoner's smarTouch gloves have conductive thread that's designed to work with touchscreen devices. The Tech Stretch version for men (regularly $45, on sale for $31.50) has a wool back with fleece sidewalls, jersey palms and a silicone grip. Isotoner smarTouch Allover Knit Gloves When you want a simple knit glove, Isotoner's smarTouch gloves (regularly $30, on sale for $21) are warm, conductive, and available in more than a dozen bright colors. Isotoner smarTouch Tec Leather Gloves Classic leather gloves from Isotoner (regularly $110, on sale for $77) are lined with fleece and sewn with a conductive thread that works with touchscreen devices. Next Up: Check out these related slideshows Android smartphones: Which one is right for you? 10 coolest smartwatches of 2017 Galaxy S8 and S8+ case roundup: Protect your investment in... 12 top tech fields of the future 25 geek-inspired gifts for Mother's Day Save 38% on the TP-LINK Wi-Fi Smart Plug, Works with Amazon Alexa - Deal Alert Get $100 off Amazon Echo When You Buy 2 Right Now - Deal Alert 40% off Inateck USB 3.0 to IDE/SATA Hard Drive Adapter - Deal Alert Related Slideshows Android smartphones: Which one is right for you? 10 coolest smartwatches of 2017 Galaxy S8 and S8+ case roundup: Protect your investment in style 12 top tech fields of the future 25 geek-inspired gifts for Mother's Day 17 tips and tricks to make your Samsung Galaxy S8 or S8+ even better You Might Like Email a friend To Use commas to separate multiple email addresses From Privacy Policy Thank you Your message has been sent. Sorry There was an error emailing this page.


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(Thursday January 21st from 7:00pm-8:00pm CST):
Many thanks to Alliance for Justice for hosting this webinar! Lobbying is not only legal – it's an essential means for RR/RH/RJ organizations to advance our missions! Whether it's fighting a ballot measure or passing pro-active legislation, there are many reasons that 501(c)(3) public charities choose to lobby to achieve their policy goals. This workshop will explain what it means for non-profit organizations to lobby and why it is so important. This training will address issues such as: how the tax law permits lobbying for nonprofits, one easy step most charities can take to maximize the amount they're allowed to spend on lobbying, yearly lobbying limits for charities, tips for taking advantage of the narrow definition of lobbying, and the application of these rules to ballot measure activities. Register below. You can email firstname.lastname@example.com with questions or for more information.
Who's RSVPing
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Summoner 2
Review by Terravation
"This game is underrated to say the very least."
You know those rare sorts of games that don't get the recognition they deserve? Well this is one of them. Not only is this game one of the best role playing games I have ever played in my gaming lifetime, it's also one of the largest. (Small example is the amazing amount of time trying to reach the maximum level with every character) It has been a long time since I have actually enjoyed a real time role playing game, by real time I mean a role playing game that doesn't follow the turn based system that seems to have taken over with almost all of the RPGs of late.
If you have played the first summoner, the first thing you must understand is that this game is nothing like the one that stood before it. This game manages to improve on the first one in every way possible. (From graphics down to music) I for one, couldn't stand the first one, yet love this one to bits :)
Gameplay 9/10
The controls and general aspect of this game is pretty simple. It's a hack and slash that manages to keep the player hooked on the game for quite a long time. The controls are very easy to get used to; (The game practically makes you understand them before you can finish the first area) the only drawback is that some times the camera angles tend to be a little too in your face or in a wall which can often link to your demise. Other than that little complaint, it's great!
Story 10/10
Moving on to the games story, it's nothing short of magnificent. While the story makes little to no sense at the start of the game (what RPG game does though) it manages to grab your attention after about 2 hours of Gameplay. Due to the amazing amount of side quests in this game, the story is also very complex, but managers to remain interesting at the same time.
Sound 7/10
Music and Sounds have never really been a big thing for me in video games, due to the fact that I often have it turned down. Although in the rare instance that I did have the sound up, I found it satisfactory. There are some areas where the music can be quite depressing and dragged out. But there are other areas where it's full of action and literally jumps out your speakers. The SFX and voice acting in the game are much better than the music itself (Although it's mainly all sword slashing and magic casting)
Graphics 10/10
Excellent, this game has some of the best graphics I have ever seen on the Playstation 2. (Looks even better on GameCube) The amount of vast places that you must visit have all been perfect right down to the animation on the floor. About mid-way into the game you reach a city where you must use masks in order to continue, this area IMO is an absolute masterpiece.
Difficulty 10/10
This is where this game hits its very best. I have never encounted such a difficult role playing game that manages to remain fun at the same time. The game of course starts off very easy and pretty much gives you written instructions on how to defeat the first boss, but that quickly changes. There are quite a lot of areas where the game will split up your party in groups; these parts for some reasons always seem to be the most difficult. It took me close on 3 hours to get part one section like this, and an even longer 5 hours on another area. I'm saying this without a shadow of a doubt, this game can be unbelievably hard in some parts, but remains fun!
Replayability 10/10
Once again, nothing short of spectacular. If you're involved enough in the story, this game will take a good 30 hours (not including sidequests) and trust me, if you're not using a FAQ or guide for this game, you most certainly will not obtain everything on your first playthrough. (if you manage to, you're extremely good) Now with the amazing amount of side quests in this game, if you are the type of person that needs to complete a game 100% before you're satisfied (like me) this game will have you trapped for a good 2 weeks. Not only does this game have over 500 side quests, but the amount of time you would have to spend training in the arena trying to get everyone to max levels would be astronomical. This is defiantly one of the games strongest points.
Total 8/10
In all, this game is nothing short than amazing. The battle arena by itself is enough to get me back to playing this game in no time. When you combine that with the amazing story, stunning sounds and awesome challenging gameplay, you have a totally magnificent game
Reviewer's Rating: 4.0 - Great
Originally Posted: 11/17/05
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Next Restaurants Due at The Shops at Midtown Miami
We checked in with Developers Diversified, the folks in charge, among other things, of stocking Miami's fastest growing neighborhood with new restaurants, to see what was coming up. The spokesperson let us know that they were "excited to announce the opening of Egyptian Pizza Kitchen and Hurricane Grill & Wings this fall".
Excited seems like a strong word for these joints.
Locals will be familiar with Hurricane from its' numerous South Florida
locations. The fast/casual restaurant specializes in buffalo chicken
wings, but also serves salads, sandwiches, burgers, and other
well-priced family-oriented snacks. Egyptian Pizza uses a wood burning
oven for its pies, and the fast/casual restaurant also serves salads,
sandwiches, burgers, and, um, buffalo chicken wings, along with other
well-priced family-oriented snacks.
Developers Diversified doesn't seem to be offering much diversity in
its latest developments.
And after bringing in interesting places such
as Sakaya, Sugarcane, and The Cheese Course, Midtown is taking a disappointing turn by going with typical shopping mall food court junk.
Related Location
3201 N. Miami Ave.
Miami, FL 33127
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|"Claus Ibsen" ...@silverbullet.dk>
|RE: Usage of Camel to acheive MessageListner within an Application
|Sat, 13 Sep 2008 10:22:52 GMT
Hi Yeah a POC was what got me started as well with Camel. Well it was my "track potential OS in my spare time, but anyway..". Glad to have you on the ride. Yes it's possible. You can have a producer sending the changed preference to a consumer. For transport of choice look at the component list: http://activemq.apache.org/camel/components.html I would suggest starting with the build in types in camel-core such as: - direct (sync) - seda (async) These are for message exchanges within the same application. There is also a vm component for java vm-wide message exchanges. You can check out the getting started tutorial: http://activemq.apache.org/camel/walk-through-an-example.html Here you use the direct/seda endpoints instead of file and jms Annotations =========== Camel 1.4 has a @MessageDriven annotation that can be used for any consumer (not just JMS as EJB MDB). In Camel 1.5 we also have a @Producer annotation, but you can use @EndpointInject in Camel 1.4 to inject and endpoint or even easier a ProducerTemplate to use for sending the message to the endpoint. If you have the time checkout some of the tutorials: http://activemq.apache.org/camel/tutorials.html See this tutorial about annotations (in the bottom) http://activemq.apache.org/camel/tutorial-axis-camel.html But crank some code to try getting the producer and consumer to "communicate". Med venlig hilsen Claus Ibsen ...................................... Silverbullet Skovsgårdsvænget 21 8362 Hørning Tlf. +45 2962 7576 Web: www.silverbullet.dk -----Original Message----- From: nitingupta183 [mailto:firstname.lastname@example.com] Sent: 13. september 2008 10:23 To: firstname.lastname@example.com Subject: Usage of Camel to acheive MessageListner within an Application Hi all, I have recently heard about the Camel project. So far just tried a simple POC and read some documents. I want to use Camel to implement a MessageListner kind of infrastructure within my application. In my application, there is one process which must be updated each time a user changes his preference or set of preferences. I am thinking of using Camel as a bridge between the Preferences and the other process. This way I shall not be required to write extra lines of code to implement this behaviour. So few questions: - Is it possible to do this? - Is it possible to achieve this messaging between the 2 processes of the same application without using JMS? I think JMS would be an overkill for this. Please let me know what options I can explore, if not Camel. Regards, Nitin -- View this message in context: http://www.nabble.com/Usage-of-Camel-to-acheive-MessageListner-within-an-Application-tp19468474s22882p19468474.html Sent from the Camel - Users mailing list archive at Nabble.com.
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Advanced Search
Marly Miles has been happy in his life as a lone Omega wolf, living and working among the humans of Orlando, Florida. When an attack on him and his friend brings Marly to the notice of the Sergeant of Arms of the Epitaph's Motorcycle Club, he realizes immediately that the man carries the same scent as his attackers. Not a very good start when the same man is also his mate.
After 10 years away from home, bad boy caterer Gideon Marks has a lot to prove. Getting the holiday catering job at his childhood synagogue is the first step in demonstrating to everyone he didn't turn out to be the failure they predicted. What he doesn't count on is Rabbi Jonah Fine, his high school nemesis and secret crush, stirring up old feelings Gideon thought long gone and secrets he's buried deep for years.
Brighton McKenzie inherited one of the last pieces of farmland in suburban Baltimore. It has been in his family since Maryland was a colony, though it has been fallow for years. Selling it for development would be easy, but Brighton wants to honor his grandfather's wishes and work it again. Unfortunately, an accident left him relying on a cane, so he'll need help. Tanner Houghton used to work on a ranch in Montana until a vengeful ex got him fired because of his sexuality. He comes to Maryland at the invitation of his cousin and is thrilled to have a chance to get back to the kind of work he loves.
Gustavo Tiberius is not normal. He knows this. Everyone in his small town of Abby, Oregon, knows this. He reads encyclopedias every night before bed. He has a pet ferret called Harry S. Truman. He owns a video rental store that no one goes to. His closest friends are a lady named Lottie with drag queen hair and a trio of elderly Vespa riders known as the We Three Queens.
It's Christmas, and all antique dealer Sebastian Snow wants is for his business to make money and to save his floundering relationship with closeted CSU detective Neil Millett. When Snow's Antique Emporium is broken into and a heart is found under the floorboards, Sebastian can't let the mystery rest. He soon finds himself caught up in murder investigations that echo the macabre stories of Edgar Allan Poe. To make matters worse, Sebastian's sleuthing is causing his relationship with Neil to crumble, while at the same time he's falling hard for the lead detective.
After a year of picking up the pieces of his shattered life, former US marshal Micah Beasley takes a job as bodyguard for a spoiled rich kid who can't leave his house. It's supposed to be a cupcake assignment. He just needs to get back in the game. What could possibly go wrong?
Aging bull rider Cody Grainger needs bullfighter Johnny Arrow for more than just protection in the ring. Their bond of trust goes beyond the professional and into love, but while their relationship holds up to the need for discretion imposed by their sport and repeatedly having to watch each other put themselves in the way of dangerous animals, other barriers still tear them apart.
Jack Lawson grew up poor and can't forget it. He's a huge success in the business world, but it won't be enough until the image of "poor little Jack" is completely wiped away. When Jack runs into his old friend, Noah Mercier, he decides that Noah's sister, an up-and-coming movie star, would be the perfect evidence of glamorous success. If Jack can win Hayley, it will be clear to everyone, including himself, that he has truly arrived.
After unsuccessfully trying to pull Wade's car out of the ditch, and getting himself stuck as well, the two strangers spend the night in Ayden's truck, keeping warm, talking, bonding, and sharing things with each other; personal things. Ayden and Wade, although they had nothing in common, got to know each other on a very deep level in the eight hours they were sitting in the dense fog, alone and completely isolated. What had begun as a frustrating trip for Wade, had turned into a gay erotic fantasy with a young stud.
Avery Hextall, a junior architect at a prestigious firm, is thrilled when his design is chosen for a new performing-arts center - even if it means working closely with his insufferably uptight project manager, Malin Lacroix. When a chance encounter in the boss's office proves that Lacroix is anything but cold, Avery is determined to learn more about the real man beneath the aloof veneer.
Nicholas Cartwright has done everything in his power to forget that night six months ago in Senaka when his true mate rejected him, leaving him shattered and disillusioned. Burying himself in his work, he pushes himself to the point of exhaustion while finding the touch of another unbearable. Suddenly his mate needs his help, and he may be asking for more than Nicholas can find it in himself to give.
Paul Hammond is dead. That's what tough and sexy LAPD Detective Daniel Moran tells his lover, Hollywood actor Sean Fairchild - and Sean wants to believe him, but what about those threatening postcards in Hammond's handwriting? What about the fact that he's seeing Hammond everywhere he goes? Yes, Sean's had some emotional problems in the past, but that was a long time ago and he's not imagining things, so why is Dan looking at him that way?
Haunted by his years at war, Boston paramedic Gael Dominic spends his time saving other people's lives. An empty house, a single friend, and living at work, Gael is not content with his existence, but he's close. Gael was expecting his overnight shift on Thanksgiving to be the same as always - manic crowds, heart attacks...until catastrophe strikes, and Boston's streets run with blood.
Injured in the line of duty, FBI special agent Shane Donovan is longing for a few days of peace and quiet. Some nice meals, a couple of good books, and maybe a bottle of the best. No family, no friends, no fa la la la la...just a little time on his own to think things through. But an offshore storm, a geriatric treasure hunter, and the guy who dumped him without a word two years earlier are about to unwrap all Shane's carefully laid holiday plans.
Fresh from his fourth stint in rehab, Elias James doesn't have much to live for. His overachieving twin sister and his ruthless mother's political success as mayor of Havenmoore have left him empty. Getting high started as an act of rebellion, but the addiction soon controlled his every waking moment. Aspiring writer Caden Walker thought he had the perfect life until he discovered his boyfriend in bed with his best friend. Leaving everything behind in New York, he returns to Havenmoore to re-evaluate his life from his parent's guest bedroom.
A cool morning, a yard full of birds, and a kitty on a mission. What more could a werecat want? Beta Heller Wirth has it all, except a mate - a shifter mate, that is. The last thing he wants is one of those dangerous humans who kill without remorse. Heller knows about that firsthand. So what does the goddess Bast do? She gives Heller exactly what he does not want - a human, business owner Lawson Dupre.
My name is Octavius Septimus Stalk, but my friends call me Oss. I live in the City of Keys, a town of gears, keys, locks, and wonder. Our forefathers banished magic long ago, bolted the doors and locked everything up tight to keep people out and the town's secrets in. Four Lock Lords control what information is left, and everyone else is left struggling to survive.
Luke always thought he and Winter were the perfect couple - until the day Winter announced he was taking a new job and they were uprooting and heading for Germany. No discussion. No debate. For the first time in his life, Winter miscalculated. Badly. Now Luke is trying his best to move on with his life, but Winter is back in town and he's set on digging their relationship out of the deep freeze.
Ryan Keller has it all: a great supportive family, friends, and no limit to his self-confidence. Coming out of the closet was not as traumatic as he would have thought. Navigating through life isn't easy for any man, let alone a gay one. Rest assured that Ryan has it handled. Brandon Ford comes from the wrong side of the tracks. With a dark past, he doesn't have much going for him, no money, no friends, definitely no charisma, and his family makes people on Jerry Springer look like total winners.
Carlin is an Alpha Wolf Fighter, one of only three in the top spots at the Souterrain - an underground fighting club, run by the Elite to punish shifters who have gone outside of the laws. He's happy enough, only has to fight exhibition matches, has his own apartment space, food and sex on tap - yep, life is good. So when Martin offers him the chance to fight for his freedom, Carlin turns it down. It's no fun being a lone wolf and Carlin is quite happy where he is. Then Lucas catches his eye.


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Released: 06/2008
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: News Article:
Sather Speaks: Lack of Puck Possession Had "A lot to do" with Torts' firing
View Single Post
Steve Kournianos
Join Date: Dec 2005
Posts: 18,773
vCash: 500
Originally Posted by
Who was among the top 3 RW in hockey?
He wasn't.
If making moves was the sign of a good GM the guy on the Marlins would be the greatest of all time.
Now that Sather is rid of Torts the cancer, what will be the excuse if the Rangers don't get to the Cup finals? He has outstanding personnel, per your post, so if there are no finals this year I guess that will mean that AV stinks, like all those before him under Teflon Glen.
He wasn't? Says who? Self-proclaimed smart people on message boards?
Guy was 2nd All-NHL and 3rd in RW voting in two of the four years here. Look at what Columbus had to give up to get him for one season and two weeks.
Getting to the Cup finals isn't the only barometer. Building, developing a competitve team year in and year out, and being consistent while doing so is the mark of a good front office (not a great one, but a good one).
Sather has assembled a staff and made moves -- shrewed or not -- who put this organization in a position to challenge. On top of that, the core is extremely young, and Lundqvist has shown no signs of getting old, slowing down, breaking down. Franchise goalies in the mold of a hasek, Roy or Brodeur dont break down until their close to senior citizenship.
Again, all you surgeons bashing Sather? What is your solution?
Answer the question.
What GM out there will do a better job with the resources available? Guys who have succeeded elsewhere fall flat on their faces here. This isn't news. One GM/coach tandem was able to pull it off is almostt 100 years, and they bankrupted the franchise back to a decade of the dark ages to do so.
Friggin greedy fans with zero clue. Where's that Sather appreciation thread from last season? But no, let's fire him because his team with the 3rd best winning pct in the EC since the lockout lost in the 2nd round to a better team.
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Located on a main road in the Golden Triangle area of Paris, this charming hotel is spread over 6 floors and comprises 40 rooms. The air-conditioned hotel offers guests a lobby with a 24-hour reception desk, lifts, safes and free Internet access. A laundry service rounds off the amenities offered (at an extra charge).
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On 5/22/07, Thomas Chung <tchung fedoraproject org> wrote:
Does anybody know if there is any patent issue with jpg? I know gif has patent issue that's why we should use png format. "PNG format is a patent-free compressed format. We hope it will become widely supported; then we will use it. We do have PNG versions of the images on this server. " http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/gif.html
Looks like I found the answer myself. "As of October 6, 2006, the U.S. patent's 20-year term appears to have expired, and in November 2006, Forgent agreed to abandon enforcement of patent claims against use of the JPEG standard.[6]" http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jpg Regardless, I think we should *standardize* our static pages with "png" format only. Regards, -- Thomas Chung http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/ThomasChung


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Of the many Andrew Lloyd Webber hits, Jesus Christ Superstar has always been a personal favorite of mine. It rocks, it moves and…it's back. After a lengthy absence, the award-winning musical has returned to the Chicago area, this time with a bit of a twist as, unlike past productions, the show features an all African American cast. This, opposed to the nearly all white cast complete with a black Judas that we are accustomed to seeing. And, the tremendously gifted cast works so very well in this revival piece. The change is bold and should be commended. And the execution is nearly flawless.
With one of the greatest rock operas of all time currently finding its temporary home at Aurora's Paramount Theatre, we know by the end of the production's first number, "Heaven on Their Minds", that Mykal Kilgore, who takes on the demanding role of "Judas", is a special talent. We also get an idea within the next few numbers ("What's the Buzz?", "Strange Thing, Mystifying" and "Everything's Alright") how deep the talent pool goes in this one-of-a-kind production.
Reliving the last days of Jesus Christ leading up to the crucifixion, the timeless musical, which premiered on Broadway on October 12th, 1971, is set to the music of Andrew Lloyd Webber with lyrics by Tim Rice, in what began as a rock opera concept album by the two in 1970. Since, it has been one of the most successful musicals of all time gathering a loyal fan-base from all over the world. In Jesus Christ Superstar, we visit Jesus, accompanied by his disciples and Mary Magdalene, as he performs miracles and brings hope to the world while claiming he is the son of God, much to the chagrin of the Pharisees and scribes who see him as a threat to their teachings – a threat they would like removed so much they ask the Romans for help.
In Paramount's current production of Jesus Christ Superstar, a fifteen-piece orchestra paves the way for the talented performers who leave their mark in one number after another. Kilgore goes on to navigate through each song with skilled precision and sings with amazing depth. And while Kilgore impresses more and more as the show progresses by staying true (and then some) to the "Judas" that both Murray Head and Carl Anderson made famous, Felicia Boswell is also quick to excite the audience with her moving interpretation of Mary Magdalene, particularly in the popular "I Don't Know How to Love Him". Beautiful, graceful and vocally dynamic, Boswell brings a gentle warmth to the role, wonderfully capturing the love that Mary had for Jesus. Throughout the production, remarkable performances are abundant with Rufus Bonds Jr. taking the reins in a very commanding depiction of Pontius Pilate, so well delivering the message of his conflict to have Jesus crucified at the request of the mob that is influenced by the religious law makers or to set him free since no Roman law has been broken. Lorenzo Rush Jr. also leaves a strong presence as the baritone-wielding Caiaphas who leads the charge against Jesus, fearing that he will revolutionize Jewish law.
Jesus of Nazareth is commendably played Evan Tyrone Martin. Martin aptly captures the virtue and charisma needed for the role of and is convincing while conveying just how tiring it can be to be the son of God. Martin's voice is strong and he has little trouble carrying the many challenging melodies that come with playing Jesus, though the patented screams that both Ted Neeley (film version) and Ian Gillan (concept album) had incorporated into the role were absent, leaving a couple prime crescendo moments to the wayside. Still, Martin holds his own, even getting a much-deserved extended applause after his riveting performance of "Gethsemane", a powerful number where Jesus questions why it is that he must die.
The show's ensemble is nothing short of amazing, the actors changing back and forth from disciples, to Pharisees to lepers to soldiers ever so efficiently. At one point, Mark J.P. Hood breaks rank from the ensemble as Simon and superbly performs one of the show's highlight numbers "Simon Zealotes", where he praises Jesus and urges him to build an army to fight the powers of Rome. Another crowd-pleasing moment (among the countless others) occurs when Jesus is brought forth to Herod (Avionce Hoyles) in a glittery display that dazzles in the somewhat jazzy "Herod's Song". Kudos to Hoyles who thrusts the role of Herod into another stratosphere.
Paramount's Jesus Christ Superstar is a fascinating production that entertains nonstop from its opening overture to its near-finale number "Superstar". Featuring a wealth of acting and singing talent and a rockin' orchestra that does the soundtrack right, this could possibly be one of the most polished, expressive and enjoyable musicals to come our way in some time.
Superb. This beautiful production is super recommended.
Magnificently directed and choreographed by Ron Kellum with music direction by Tom Vendafreddo, Jesus Christ Superstar is being performed at Paramount Theatre through May 28th. For tickets and/or more show information click here.
What began as a 1970's rock opera concept album became a global stage phenomenon that captured seven Tony Award nominations and countless awards overseas in its 40-plus years.
Jesus Christ Superstar, the beloved rock opera that explores the story and internal struggles of the last seven days of the greatest idol in history - Jesus - is the 2016-17 Broadway Series finale, April 19-May 28, 2017 at the Paramount Theatre, 23 E. Galena Blvd. in downtown Aurora.
While thousands of productions have taken the stage in 31 countries, Paramount's is surely the production the theater community in Chicago and around the country will be talking about.
We already know Jesus Christ Superstar features music by the most successful composer of our generation, Andrew Lloyd Webber, with indelible lyrics by Tim Rice. Hits include "Everything's Alright," "Heaven on Their Minds," "Hosanna," "I Don't Know How to Love Him" and "Superstar."
With nationally recognized director and producer Ron Kellum making his Paramount debut with Jesus Christ Superstar, Chicago will be introduced to a director and choreographer whose experience ranges from being an artistic director of Cirque du Soleil's KOOZA to staging major sports spectacles such as last month's 2017 NFL Pro Bowl halftime show.
Paramount veterans Tom Vendafreddo and Kory Danielson will collaborate as co-music directors in leading the cast and a 14-piece live rock band.
The A-list production design team includes Kevin Depinet, set design; Theresa Ham, costume design; Greg Hofmann, lighting design; Mike Tutaj, projection design; and Adam Rosenthal, sound design.
So what's the buzz? Tell me what's a-happenin'?
Paramount's Jesus Christ Superstar will feature an all-black cast led by Broadway and regional musical theater veteran Destan Owens as Jesus of Nazareth. Owens's Broadway credits include Tom Collins in Rent, Billy Flynn in Chicago, Adrian in Smokey Joe's Café and Hawker in The Who's Tommy 15th Anniversary Concert.
Paramount Theatre's Jesus Christ Superstar will be directed by (from left) Ron Kellum. The cast includes Destan Owens (Jesus), Mykal Kilgore (Judas Iscariot), Felicia Boswell (Mary Magdalene), Rufus Bonds, Jr. (Pontius Pilate), Avionce Hoyles (King Herod/Annas) and Lorenzo Rush Jr. (Caiaphas).
The ensemble features (pictured above, top, from left) Stephen "Blu" Allen, Jos N. Banks, Ciera Dawn, Gilbert Domally, Candace C. Edwards, Jared D.M. Grant, Keirsten Hodgens, (row 2) Mark J.P. Hood, Reneisha Jenkins, Micheal Lovette, Evan Tyrone Martin, Gabriel Mudd, Brian Nelson Jr., Renellè Nicole, (row 3) Jaymes Osborne, Kafi Pierre, Jon Pierce, Travis Porchia, Camille Robinson, Alexis J. Roston and Jessica Brooke Seals.
"This is an incredible opportunity to unite the retelling of one of the greatest stories with an iconic piece of musical theater through the voices and lens of my community," said Jesus Christ Superstar director Ron Kellum. "'Why an all-black Superstar?' 'Why not.' Our responsibility as storytellers is to find ways to represent truth in ways that translate to every audience no matter of color, creed, orientation or status. This will be a soul stirring experience!"
"Wait until you hear the voices singing in the grand finale of this season, presented for you in a powerful new production directed and choreographed by Ron Kellum!" said Paramount Artistic Director Jim Corti. "I dare to say it speaks to the state of the art as intriguingly as it does to the state of the union! It is a contemporary thrill ride of a production with a cast as beautiful as the vision of its director!"
Jesus Christ Superstar: Dates, times and ticket information
Previews start April 19. Press opening is Saturday, April 22 at 8 p.m. Performances run through May 28: Wednesday at 1:30 p.m. and 7 p.m.; Thursday at 7 p.m.; Friday at 8 p.m.; Saturday at 3 p.m. and 8 p.m.; and Sunday at 1 p.m. and 5:30 p.m. Single tickets are $44 to $59. The Paramount Theatre, 23 E. Galena Blvd. in downtown Aurora, is surrounded by affordable parking and new restaurants for pre- or post-show dining.
For tickets, visit ParamountAurora.com, call (630) 896-6666, or stop by the Paramount box office Monday through Saturday, 10 a.m. to 6 p.m., and two hours prior to evening performances.
Jesus Christ Superstar is rated PG.
About Jesus Christ Superstar
A rock star stands center stage, awash in lights while tens-of-thousands of adoring fans repeat every word he sings. An endless sea of bodies stands for hours shivering in the freezing temps just to say they were there when the new leader of the free world was sworn in. We love and celebrate our idols; we always have...that is, until we move on to our next idol.
Jesus Christ Superstar is not just the story of the last seven days of the greatest idol in history. It's the story of the close friend who tried to save him and why that friend eventually betrayed him. It's a story of love and fear, of kindness and greed, of expectations and what happens when those expectations are not met.
This is an energized rock opera that delves into the internal struggles of those mortals, those humans - including Jesus himself - as they drew closer to one of the most pivotal moments in history. It's an emotionally-charged journey in which, in the end, each person discovers something about themselves when the stakes are at their highest.
Andrew Lloyd Webber is the most successful composer of musicals of his generation and also a breaker of molds for the type. His first collaboration with lyricist Tim Rice was Joseph and The Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat, a musical based on the Biblical story of Joseph and his coat of many colors. The two soon hit on the idea of writing a musical based on the life of Jesus Christ from the point of view of Judas, and, like Joseph, imbued with a strong rock and roll influence. Unable to finance a stage version, Lloyd Webber and Rice did manage to record their show, and in 1970, the album Jesus Christ Superstar went on to sell millions all over the world. The musical version debuted on Broadway in 1971, earning 5 Tony nominations and a Drama Desk Award for Sondheim for "Most Promising Composer." The 1973 film version remains a 1970's rock opera cult classic.
Behind the scenes: Paramount's Jesus Christ Superstar
Ron Kellum (director) is a seasoned director and producer with experience ranging from sports entertainment to theater, film and television. He serves as a senior producer for e2k, co-director for the NFL Pro Bowl in Hawaii and co-producer for the NFL Pro Bowl United Way Thanksgiving Halftime Show. Kellum produced the Cannondale Pro Cycling Team Launch at Paramount Studios as well as several high-profile press and VIP events for Monster CES in Las Vegas. His directing and choreography credits included Iron Man 2 starring Robert Downey Jr. as well as the musicals Chicago, The Color Purple, A Chorus Line, Dreamgirls, Rent, Once on This Island, 5 Guys Named Moe, Ain't Misbehavin' and Smokey Joe's Café. He appeared on Broadway in Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat and Chicago, and he toured nationally in Aida, Dreamgirls, Fosse and Chicago. Learn more at ronkellum.com.
Tom Vendafreddo (co-music director and conductor) is helming his 12th consecutive musical at Paramount, preceded by In the Heights, Mary Poppins, The Who's Tommy, Les Misérables (Jeff Nomination, Music Direction), Oklahoma! (Jeff Nomination, Music Direction), A Christmas Story - The Musical (Jeff Nomination, Music Direction), Hairspray - The Broadway Musical, West Side Story (Jeff Nomination, Music Direction), Mamma Mia!, Disney's The Little Mermaid and Sweeney Todd-The Demon Barber of Fleet Street. Other credits include Company and Sweet Charity (Writers Theatre); On the Town and Godspell (Marriott Lincolnshire); Road Show and Shrek: The Musical (Chicago Shakespeare Theater); The Spitfire Grill (BoHo Theatre - Jeff Nomination for Music Direction); and Pump Boys and Dinettes (Metropolis Performing Arts Centre). Regional credits include Rent (San Diego Musical Theatre), Odyssey (Old Globe Theatre), Forever Plaid (Chestnut Fine Arts) and It's a Wonderful Life: A Radio Play (Cygnet Theatre). As a cabaret artist, he has performed in Chicago, New York, San Diego and Melbourne. In 2014, he became the Founding Artistic Director of the Chicago Artists Chorale, a choral ensemble of working professionals in the Chicago theatre community. He received a Bachelor of Music in Vocal Performance and Music Education from Eastman School of Music and a Master of Fine Arts in Musical Theatre from San Diego State University. tomvendafreddo.com
Kory Danielson (co-music director and conductor) is coming back for his 10th consecutive musical at the Paramount, following Sweeney Todd-The Demon Barber of Fleet Street, Disney's The Little Mermaid, Mamma Mia!, West Side Story, Hairspray - The Broadway Musical, A Christmas Story - The Musical, Oklahoma!, Les Misérables and The Who's Tommy. Other Chicago credits includeAssassins, The Full Monty, Loving Repeating, Heathers, Tomorrow Morning (Kokandy Productions); Passion (2014 Jeff Award for Outstanding Music Direction), Smokey Joe's Cafe (Theo Ubique); How to Succeed in Business Without Really Trying (Porchlight Music Theatre); Hedwig, Wedding Singer (Haven Theatre); and Zanna, Don't!, Lucky Stiff, Triumph of Love (The Music Theatre Company). Danielson has also worked with Drury Lane, Broadway in Chicago, Chicago Children's Theatre, Bailiwick and Hell in a Handbag.
Paramount's Jesus Christ Superstar production team also includes Trent Stork, associate director; Kafi Pierre, associate choreographer; Ethan Deppe, electronic music designer; Katie Cordts, wig, hair and makeup designer; Amanda Relaford, properties designer; R&D Choreography, Vic Bayona and Rick Gilbert, violence designers; Roger Ellis, dramaturg; Hannah Wichmann, stage manager; and Nora Mally, assistant stage manager.
Jesus Christ Superstar is sponsored by the Daily Herald. Paramount's 2016-17 Broadway Series is sponsored by BMO Harris Bank and The Dunham Fund. Broadway Series Orchestra Sponsor is Rush-Copley Medical Center. Broadway Series Lighting Sponsor is ComEd. Broadway Series Costume Sponsor is Gerald Kia. Jesus Christ Superstar is also sponsored by the Daily Herald.
More about Paramount's 2016-17 Season
In addition to Paramount's 2016-17 Broadway Series finale, Jesus Christ Superstar, Paramount's season also includes Home Free (Mar. 24), Madeleine Peyroux and Rickie Lee Jones (Mar. 25), Golden Dragon Acrobats (Mar. 26),
Riverdance: 20 Years(Mar. 31-Apr. 2, five shows), Piano Men: A Tribute to Elton John and Billy Joel (Jun. 10, two shows) and Barbra and Frank: The Concert That Never Was... (Jun. 11). Back in 2016-17 is the Classic Movie Monday series, presenting everyone's favorite flicks on a two-story screen for just $1. Paramount also serves the community with low-cost children's shows designed to entertain while they educate: Miss Nelson is Missing (Mar. 22) and Laura Ingalls Wilder(Mar. 23).
For subscriptions, single tickets or more information, go to ParamountAurora.com, call (630) 896-6666, or stop by the Paramount Theatre, 23 E. Galena Blvd. in Aurora.
About the Paramount Theatre
The Paramount Theatre (ParamountAurora.com) is the center for performing arts, entertainment and arts education in Aurora, the second largest city in Illinois. Named "One of Chicago's Top 10 Attended Theatres" by the League of Chicago Theatres, the 1,888-seat Paramount, located in downtown Aurora at 23 E. Galena Blvd., is nationally recognized for the quality and caliber of its presentations, superb acoustics and historic beauty.
The Paramount opened on September 3, 1931. Designed by renowned theater architects C.W. and George L. Rapp, the theater captures a unique Venetian setting portrayed in the art deco influence of the 1930s. The first air-conditioned building outside of Chicago, the Paramount offered the public a variety of entertainment, including "talking pictures," vaudeville, concerts and circus performances for more than 40 years.
In 1976, Aurora Civic Center Authority purchased the Paramount and closed the theater for restoration. The $1.5 million project restored the Paramount to its original grandeur. On April 29, 1978, the Paramount Arts Center opened, offering a variety of theatrical, musical, comedy, dance and family programming. In 2006, a 12,000-square-foot, two-story Grand Gallery lobby was added, with a new, state-of-the-art box office, café and art gallery.
Today, the Paramount self-produces its own Broadway Musical Series, presents an eclectic array of comedy, music, dance and family shows, and on most Mondays, screens a classic movie.
The Paramount Theatre is one of three live performance venues programmed and managed by the Aurora Civic Center Authority (ACCA). ACCA also oversees the Paramount's "sister" stage, the intimate, 173-seat Copley Theatre located directly across the street from the Paramount at 8 E. Galena Blvd., as well as RiverEdge Park, downtown Aurora's summer outdoor concert venue.
The Paramount Theatre continues to expand its artistic and institutional boundaries under the guidance of Tim Rater, President and CEO, Aurora Civic Center Authority; Jim Corti, Artistic Director, Paramount Theatre; a dedicated Board of Trustees and a devoted staff of live theater and music professionals.
For tickets and information, go to ParamountAurora.com or call (630) 896-6666.
The plot is simple enough. Donna Sheridan raises her daughter Sophie now twenty-years-old, on a Greek island where she runs a small island resort. Sophie, about to get married, wants to be walked down the aisle by her father. Problem is, she doesn't know who her father is. A bit of snooping through her mother's diary offers three possibilities, leading her to invite each to her wedding, much to her mother's chagrin as Bill Austin (Steve O'Connell), Harry Bright (Michael Gillis) and Sam Carmichael (Jeff Diebold) show up to the island where Sophie figures to find out which is her real father. Again, the plot isn't very complicated. But we do not see Mamma Mia! for its plot, we see it because it's Abba charged soundtrack is fun, the set and costumes are colorful, the dance numbers are contagious and the show has a good share of laughs. Simple, light and fun - the perfect anecdote to escape from the daily, or not-so-daily, doldrums so many of us endure, if even for two hours and twenty minutes.
Currently running at Paramount Theater in Aurora, we get a production equipped with a slightly different set from the traditional Mamma Mia! look fans have come to known, and it works quite well. Accompanied by a full backdrop flooded with video projections of waves gently making their way to the shoreline and trees with leaves softly blowing in the wind, it's easy to get lost in the rich island atmosphere. Though the set design limits the larger dance numbers, this production makes it work with its own unique choreography that rivals most other presentations.
A strong ensemble bolsters a capable cast, the musical numbers strongest during choruses or added backing vocals. Though Amy Montgomery as Donna can carry a tune, her voice is just enough to warrant her taking on the leading role. However, she is often strengthened by surrounding cast members during harmonies, and by the way – the harmonies throughout the show are fantastic across the board! But Montgomery clearly has the personality and charisma for the role, overall making her casting sensible. Donna's two sidekicks Tanya (Jennifer Knox) and Ali (Sara Sevigny) are wonderfully played, each character getting their respective laughs and admirably tackling their vocal duties. Sevigny truly shines as Ali during her duet with Bill, "Take A Chance On Me" displaying a great sense of comic timing (as well as O'Connell), while Knox hits one out of the park in her gritty number "Does Your Mother Know" showing off her dancing prowess in a heated exchange with Pepper, the young flirt who has eyes for her since her arrival to the island.
We can easily buy into Dieblod, Gillis and O'Connell as Donna's three past love interests, each also adding to the production with fine vocal offerings and just the right touch of physical humor. Diebold is no stranger to the role of Sam Carmichael having toured with Mamma Mia! on the Broadway North American Tour.
Still, you can't have a successful production of Mamma Mia! without a strong Sophie, and Kiersten Frumkin is just that. Vocally on par for each of her many numbers, Frumkin is able to capture the essence of Sophie, projecting a true sense of wonder, hope and elation into her role, creating a believable twenty-year-old optimist that we can't help but relate with and root for.
Though Mamma Mia! is far from a profound life lesson, it does promote self-acceptance in many ways and leaves us with hope that past mistakes can sometimes be corrected, even if twenty years later.
With one Abba hit after another Mamma Mia! grabs its audience from its opening number "I Have a Dream" and doesn't let go until after its finely built crescendo finale number "Waterloo", where each seat in the theater is now empty due to its occupants dancing and clapping along with the cast.
Mamma Mia! is the feel good night out everyone can use to take in some great music and have some healthy laughs that will have audience members wanting to do it all over again. Mamma Mia! is being performed at Paramount Theatre through October 30th. For tickets and/or more show information visit www.paramountaurora.com.
As Sophie sings along with Bill, Harry and Sam, "Thank you for the music".


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The close-packed triple helix as a possible new structural motif for collagen
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The one-dimensional problem of selecting the triple helix with the highest volume fraction is solved and hence the condition for a helix to be close-packed is obtained. The close-packed triple helix is shown to have a pitch angle of vCP = 43.3°. Contrary to the conventional notion, we suggest that close packing form the underlying principle behind the structure of collagen, and the implications of this suggestion are considered. Further, it is shown that the unique zero-twist structure with no strain-twist coupling is practically identical to the close-packed triple helix. Some of the difficulties for the current understanding of the structure of collagen are reviewed: The ambiguity in assigning crystal structures for collagen-like peptides, and the failure to satisfactorily calculate circular dichroism spectra. Further, the proposed new geometrical structure for collagen is better packed than both the 10/3 and the 7/2 structure. A feature of the suggested collagen structure is the existence of a central channel with negatively charged walls. We find support for this structural feature in some of the early x-ray diffraction data of collagen. The central channel of the structure suggests the possibility of a one-dimensional proton lattice. This geometry can explain the observed magic angle effect seen in NMR studies of collagen. The central channel also offers the possibility of ion transport and may cast new light on various biological and physical phenomena, including biomineralization.
KeywordsCollagen motif Triple helix Central channel Close-packed structure Strain-twist coupling Ion-channel
1 Introduction
A broad range of materials with various types of molecular forces form close-packed atomic structures [1, 2, 3]. Of the elements, the noble gases and many metals from close-packed crystal structures, i.e. a significant fraction of the periodic system. For simple atomic lattices, close-packing is defined by the geometry of hard spheres which minimize the volume occupied by the spheres. Likewise, helical structures formed of flexible tubes with hard walls have a most favorable packing in the sense of the best use of space. Recently, we have shown that the helical motifs of DNA and alpha-helices are in rather fair agreement with the close-packed double and single helices [4]. This opens the question of the approximate agreement not being coincidental, and suggests that the optimization of the volume fraction may be at play as a contributing factor in the formation of the molecular structures.
Some structural motifs of biological chain molecules have previously been discussed as various conformations of tubes [5]. When emphasizing one kind of optimum shape of helices, knots and other structures, the global curvature of a space curve has been introduced, see Gonzalez and Maddocks [6] and Maritan et al. [7]. As an example of such an optimum structure, Maritan et al. [7] depict the helical structure with a pitch angle of vTP = 21.8°. This helical structure is at the transition between two regimes [7]; in ref. [4] we have denoted this particular structure as being tightly packed. In the case of the single helix, the pitch angle of the tightly packed helix differs only by a relatively small amount from that of the close-packed helix. However, for double helices the difference in the pitch angle for the two structures is 12.5°. Moreover, one of the interesting features of the close-packed double helical structure is that it has a central channel (the tightly packed double helix has no central channel).
In this paper, we will investigate the packing of the triple helix and thereby revisit the question of the structure of collagen. The phrase triple helix is ambiguous; some of us will instinctively think of three interwoven helices that share the same axis around which they are twisted; others will think of three (single) helices which are twisted individually around their own axis and which may be super-coiled (SC) around each other. The first category is akin to the double-helix of DNA, while the second type is akin to the super-coiling of two α-helices.
Ramachandran & Kartha [8, 9] had the insight to suggest a triple helix for the structure of collagen in 1954. This insight became supported by Rich and Crick [10, 11] who suggested a variant - known as the super-coiled 10/3 structure. The triple-strand nature of the structure was corroborated by sequencing. Later, Okuyama et al. suggested the super-coiled 7/2 structure [12]. Presumably, the long collagen triple helix can be incommensurate, a view accredited to have been shared by Ramachandran [13], see also Cameron et al. [14]. The supermolecular structure of fibrous collagen has been examined in a synchrotron x-ray study by Orgel et al. [15]. Collagen-like peptides have been theoretically investigated by DFT [16] and molecular dynamics [17]. For a review of the structure and stability of the long collagen molecules and the fibrils, see Kadler et al. [18] and Shoulders and Raines [19]. For a discussion of mechanical properties on different length scales see Buehler [20]. The activity of the Ca++-channel Annexin is known to be regulated by the presence of collagen [21].
Interestingly, it is still debated whether the 10/3 structure (3.3 residues/turn) suggested by Rich and Crick [10] or the 7/2 structure (3.5 residues/turn) suggested by Okuyama et al. [22, 12] is the better descriptor of collagen? Some collagen-like peptides have been assigned the 10/3 structure in crystallographic structures, see Bella et al. [23], for a summary see Beck and Brodsky [24]. Other peptides have been assigned the 7/2 structure [25]. Descriptions with variable twist angles are now common [26, 27, 28, 29]. In all cases, the R-factors have remained relatively large. To us it leaves open the possibility that a third structure would be in better agreement with the data than either of the ones that were considered in the past.
2 The triple helix
2.1 The close-packed triple helix
For the volume of the tube models in Fig. 1 to be compared, the scale of the parameters needs to be determined. As the diameter of the three backbone tubes we use \(D_{p}=5.0\, {\AA}\) estimated from the tube model of the α-helices (\(a=2.3\, {\AA}\) and 2a/Dp = 0.91) [4]. For the raise per residue, HR, and per triplet of residues, \(H_T = 3 H_R\), we will use 2.86 and 8.57 Å, numbers well-known from x-ray diffraction [24, 25]. These numbers are the same for the 10/3 and the 7/2 models also discussed. For the super coiled structure, the corresponding volume fraction determined by an enclosing cylinder is found to be about 0.6. This number depends on how the single helices are rotated relative to the super coiled structure. It is ∼20% smaller than the volume fraction (0.74) of the close-packed structure.
2.2 The central-channel
The close-packed (CP) triple helix
a [Å]
\(v_\bot [^{\circ}]\)
Ri [Å]
Ro [Å]
1.404 a
a − D/2
a + D/2
2.3 The zero-twist structure
Generally, helical structures have a significant strain-twist coupling. It follows straightforwardly, that a straining (stretching) of a helix leads to a change in its total twist, as the length of a helical structure is affected by how the helix is twisted. If a helix is being strained, some of the stress can be released by a small change in the pitch angle. For a long molecule the consequence is that one end may rotate by a significant amount relative to the other end.
The pitch angles of the zero-twist structures, vZT, and of the close-packed helices, vCP, for the double, triple, and quadruple helices
No. of strands
3 Discussion
Here we review some of the implications if collagen were packed in accordance with the CP triple helix motif.
3.1 Equatorial scattering and the Haisa data
3.2 Crystallographic data
Significant interest in studying collagen with crystallographic methods has been executed [33]. For such studies, collagen-like peptides typically 30 residues long has been used.
The structure of collagen-like peptides have been modeled by supercoiled helices (described above), in particular by the 7/2 and 10/3 structures. Here, the 7/2 structure mean that the period of the supercoiling is seven triple residues long and for the 10/3 structures the supercoiling is ten triple residues long, i.e. 30 residues. The obtained R-factors are high, typically above 20%.
If as, or ap, are zero the two equations describe the simple helix such as in CP structures, otherwise the equations describe a supercoiled structure. For some CP-like structures one might expect a small value for as rather than zero as this is the simplest kind of symmetry break the structure can make. However, the two structures will not convert from the one to the other with the use of a typical refinement algorithm. As can be noticed, if transformations are made between a SC structure (e.g. 7/2 structure) and a CP, or near CP, structure there will be intermediate structures where the density of atoms in the center of the molecule will exceed unity by a multiple factor (the three backbones needs to pass through each other). This will constitute a barrier for refinement and it is therefore highly unlikely that structure refinements which started with a SC structure could be able to relax to a CP structure.
3.3 Relationships between atomistic SC and CP structures
Here we investigate the relationship between the CP and SC structures depicted in Fig. 1 and reflect on their plausibility.
[Pro-Hyp-Gly]4[Leu-Hyp-Gly][Pro-Hyp-Gly]5: We also consider a collagen-like peptide relevant for biomineralization [34], PDB entry 2drx, see Fig. 7c. Structures with hydroxyproline form a scaffold for mineralization, and the positions of the OH group of hydroxyproline become particularly important. In Fig. 7d we show the CP structure, generated by the method described above. One observes that the OH groups of hydroxyproline sit in distinctively different patterns in the two structures. On the CP structure, the oxygens of hydroxyproline sit in two beautiful helical lines on the surface of the tropocollagen with about a 5 Å repetition. The oxygen of the peptide units are internal in the tropocollagen and close to the channel. For the SC structure, the OH group of hydroxyproline sits in several non-equivalent sites on the surface intermixed with oxygens of the peptide units. For the CP structure, the pitch angle of the helical line formed by the hydroxyproline OH groups depends on the detailed values of the parameters of the structure and the depicted structure is as such a first estimate. The oxygens of the peptides units point towards the channel effectively charging the inner surface of the channel. Presumably this negative charge is balanced by the presence of protons, see the discussion on NMR and the magic angle below. The inner surface is less charged if each of the three polypeptide strands are rotated around their own axes. Rotations are restricted as they must maintain the hydroxyproline OH groups accessible on the outer surface of the tropocollagen.
3.4 Biomineralization
Biomineralization is an important process which takes place in various kinds of life [35]. For tropocollagen, perhaps the most significant difference between the suggested close-packed and the supercoiled structure is the existence of a central channel in the CP structure not present in the SC-triple-helix. The diameter of the channel was estimated above to be ∼2 Å, too small for water to be transported. However, it would be quite suitable for protons (ionic radius <0.01 Å), for ionic phosphorus (ionic radius 0.3 Å) and perhaps for Ca++ (ionic radius 1 Å). We suggest that this is an essential feature enabling biomineralization by allowing for a separation of the positive and negative ions needed for the mineralization. In biomineralization phosphorus and calcium rich minerals are formed, e.g. hydroxyapatite, calcium carbonate and octacalcium phosphate. In bone formation, the hydroxyapatite mineral is formed in the space between the tropocollagen.
It seems reasonable to assume that the nucleation of minerals takes place on the OH group of hydroxyproline and involves the about two layers thick hydration layer of water. Without a central channel to provide feeding of calcium and phosphorus ions these ions would have to diffuse through the hydration layer. The hydration layer is so thin (about two layers of H2O) that it is barely thicker than the screening length of the ionic charges and the ionic groups. It is therefore quite possible that the various charges would grid-lock each other and thereby prevent ionic transportation and thus mineralization in taking place. Even if grid-lock would not persist, it seems peculiar that the collagen would mineralize in a uniform manner. As with nucleation in general, places where nucleation takes place first are likely to grow the largest grains of mineralized material. This would presumably destroy the ordered structure of the mesh formed by the collagen triple helices as well as of the fibrils. Instead, we suggest that the phosphorus and calcium ions are transported down the collagen triple helix through the central channel to the place where the mineralization takes place. Here mineralization continues radially outwardly until the ions cannot diffuse to the nucleation front. This may explain why mineralization takes place starting at one end of the triple collagen helix and working its way along the molecule; it also explains why the mineralization is only a few atomic layers thick filling the space between the collagen helices.
3.5 NMR and the magic angle effect
In NMR studies of ordered collagen fibers, e.g. tendon, a striking effect (sometimes named the magic angle effect) has been observed [36, 37]. The effect is important for MR imaging of tendon [38]. The magic angle effect is the observation in NMR studies of two split proton-proton dipole interaction peaks which vanish at an angle of about ε = 55°. At this angle, the second-order Legendre polynomial P2(cos(ε)) \(\propto\) 3cos2ε − 1 vanishes. The results show that the dominant contribution stems from pairs of protons which are aligned parallel to the long axis of the tropocollagen. The data is consistent with a Gaussian distribution aligned with the axis, and with a width of the angular distribution of about 13° (the distribution of alignment of the tropocollagen molecules were not characterized and could contribute to the 13° spread) [36]. It seems plausible to us that the magic-angle effect can be due to protons being hosted by a central channel of the packed triple helix effectively forming a one-dimensional proton lattice. Previously, the signal has been suggested to originate from ordered chains of water molecules aligned to the collagen molecule such that the proton-proton vector is parallel with the direction of the tropocollagen [36, 37]. Curiously, this NMR phenomenon has not been observed for other fibrous molecules; in studies of silk fibroin, DNA, and keratin it was found that none of these fibrous molecules exhibit the magic angle effect [39].
3.6 Circular dichroism
Collagen has been extensively studied by measurements of circular dichroism (CD) spectra [40]; nevertheless, the experimental data has not been fully described by model calculations. Bhatnagar and Gough writes "It is clear... that the present theoretical methods do not adequately explain the CD of polyproline II and collagen" [41]. In short, both quantum mechanical exciton based calculations, and classical dipole based calculations fail to adequately describe the experimental data. For a related discussion with comparative results for different theoretical approaches, see Carlson et al. [42]. Perhaps, the most straightforward explanation for this is that the current structural understanding of the collagen molecule is inadequate.
4 Conclusion
We have derived the condition for triple helices to be packed and calculated the volume fraction for the close-packed helix. The volume fraction comes about by defining an enclosing cylinder, and by considering its measure of volume as an indicator of how closely packed the three helices are. It is found that the condition for being close-packed is to have a pitch angle of vCP = 43.3°. Table 1 summarizes these geometrical findings which holds for any triple helix of three tubes. Further, we have shown that there exists a zero-twist (ZT) structure with zero strain-twist coupling, which is a desirable molecular property for constituents of tendon and bone. For triple helices, the pitch angle of the two structures (CP and ZT) are found to be practically identical. Based on these findings we have suggested a new structure for collagen, which differs from the 10/3 and 7/2 conformations. Its three most fundamental features are those of being close-packed, of having zero strain-twist coupling, and of having a central channel. It seems peculiar if Nature would not have taken advantage of this structure.
The geometrical arguments for the proposed structure secures an efficient use of space (i.e. CP) and a desired response to mechanical stress (i.e. ZT). They are derived from the use of a tubular model and is therefore not depending on the environment. When atoms, ions, and protons, are considered an implicit aquarius environment is assumed. There are significant differences in the hydrogen bonding for the three structures. For the SC structures, hydrogen bonding is a phenomenon which take place on the outer surface, for the CP/ZT structure hydrogen bonding takes place predominantly within the central channel of the molecule.
We find support for the existence of a central channel in early x-ray diffraction data of collagen. The possibility for ion transport in the central channel suggests the need for a reexamination of various biological and physical phenomena, including biomineralization. The new conformation of collagen could also be relevant for understanding some of the collagen related diseases such as osteoporosis, Bethlem myopathy, arterial aneurysm and many more [43].
Some of the difficulties for the current understanding of the structure of collagen have been reviewed: the ambiguity in assigning crystal structures to crystallographic data for collagen-like peptides, and the failure to satisfactorily calculate circular dichroism data from model structures. Perhaps the angular dependence of the piezoelectric effect in bone (Fukada and Yasuda [44]) with its maximum at ∼45° is related to the pitch angle of the geometry of the hard wall tube model. For a description of the piezoelectric effect in helices, see Kasai [45]. Further, it is interesting to notice that Tiaho et al. have reported the determination of a pitch angle of about 41° in a second harmonic generation imaging microscopy study [46]; a value which is close to the CP/ZT value.
One of the distinctions between the different structures suggested for the tropocollagen molecule are the positions of the OH groups of hydroxyproline on the surface of the molecular structure. Experimental studies with atomic resolution of the mineralization of collagen are likely to be performed within the next 5-10 years, thereby helping to cast light on which of the features of the various suggested collagen structures (CP, 7/2, 10/3) are correct. Vibrational spectroscopy could also aid our understanding of the hydration of the molecule [47].
Open Access
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