text:
Care Available 24 Hours a Day, 7 Days a Week.
Having never gone through an experience like this before, we didn't know where or when to start. Fortunately Homewatch Caregivers came to us on day one of our crisis. Kris was there to assure us they could fulfill the future needs of our brother. They delivered as promised, provided the peace of mind our beleaguered family desperately needed, saving us from any moments of feeling helpless. We highly recommend them to anyone who should need home care.
Written by: The Elder Family, Camarillo, CA
You can reach us by phone 24 hours a day, 7 days a week because your call is important to us. If we happen to miss your call, we will return your message promptly.
We monitor our emails 7 days a week. Expect a reply within 1 hour between 8am and 5pm, or by 9am the following day if after 5pm evenings and weekends.
We can start taking care of your family member immediately; even if you are not available in person to sign paperwork on behalf of your loved one. This includes a seamless discharge from a facility. You can complete any paperwork via email, mail or fax if your loved one cannot do so.
We can come to your loved one's home or meet at the facility where your loved one is currently staying to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of your loved ones needs. In most cases we can conduct the evaluation the same day you reach out to us.
We begin creating a care plan by first learning about your loved one's family history, enjoyed social activities, medication regimen and medical history. All this information is used to begin our caregiver matching process making sure your loved one's lifestyle is an excellent fit with their caregiver. We also conduct a thorough fall-risk assessment of your loved ones home.
We can make available to you weekly progress notes about your loved ones weekly activities.
Family communications can be one of the most important aspects of our job as a home care agency. Staying on top of changing social schedules, running necessary errands, sharing notes from doctor's visits and communicating about your loved one's general well-being are all important components to family communication.
We will ask you from time to time for feedback of how we are doing. It is the only way we know to make certain we are continuing to deliver the quality care you expect from us. Quality Assurance visits are one way we we stay on top of things.
Homewatch CareGivers® is a trademark owned by Homewatch International, Inc.™ and licensed for use to independently-owned franchised businesses that offer caregiver services to the public. All personal services, elderly care, caregiving and home care services offered OR provided under the Homewatch CareGivers™ mark are offered and provided only by independently-owned franchises and, where required, licensed OR registered businesses and care agencies.


text:
Rhodiola Rosea for Mental and Physical Fatigue
The recruitment status of this study is unknown. The completion date has passed and the status has not been verified in more than two years.
Verified February 2011 by Government of Alberta.
Recruitment status was: Enrolling by invitation
Recruitment status was: Enrolling by invitation
Government of Alberta
University of Alberta
Information provided by:
Government of Alberta
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:
First received: January 17, 2011
Last updated: February 14, 2011
Last verified: February 2011
- Full Text View
- Tabular View
- No Study Results Posted
- Disclaimer
- How to Read a Study Record
The primary objective of this trial is to assess whether Rhodiola rosea improves fatigue when compared to placebo in nurses involved in shift work.
|Dietary Supplement: Rhodiola rosea
|Phase 2
|Study Type:
|Study Design:
|Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Masking: Double Blind (Participant, Care Provider, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)
Primary Purpose: Prevention
|Official Title:
|A Randomized Trial of Rhodiola Rosea for Mental and Physical Fatigue in Nurses
Resource links provided by NLM:
MedlinePlus related topics: FatigueU.S. FDA Resources
Further study details as provided by Government of Alberta:
Primary Outcome Measures:
- Fatigue [ Time Frame: 42 days ]
A vitality subscale of the generic health-related quality of life instrument, RAND-36, will be employed to assess fatigue.
A Visual Analogue Scale for Fatigue (VAS-F) will be concurrently administered to assess fatigue and compare to the RAND-36 fatigue assessment.
Secondary Outcome Measures:
- Health-related quality of life [ Time Frame: 42 days ]The health-related quality of life, RAND-36 will also assess physical functioning, role limitations caused by physical health problems, role limitations caused by emotional problems, social function, emotional well-being,and general health perceptions
- Individualized Outcomes [ Time Frame: 42 days ]Measure Yourself Medical Outcomes Profiles to measure change in items of importance to the participant, as identified by the participant.
- Adaptive Capacity [ Time Frame: 42 days ]Adaptive Capacity Index - 21 item questionnaire to measure a subject's ability to adapt to stressors
- Adverse Event Monitoring [ Time Frame: 42 days ]number of patients with any untoward medical occurance as a measure of safety
|Estimated Enrollment:
|Study Start Date:
|January 2011
|Estimated Study Completion Date:
|April 2011
|Estimated Primary Completion Date:
|April 2011 (Final data collection date for primary outcome measure)
Intervention Details:
Dietary Supplement: Rhodiola rosea
1 capsule = 182 mg Rhodiola rosea extract standardized to 2.8% total rosavins. Take 2 capsules at start of wakeful period each day. Participants will self-determine need for second dose, of 1 capsule, within 4 hours of the initial dose.
Other Name: University of Alberta Lot Number 120910
|Ages Eligible for Study:
|19 Years to 55 Years (Adult)
|Sexes Eligible for Study:
|Accepts Healthy Volunteers:
Inclusion Criteria:
- Fourth year nursing students enrolled in NURS 495 (Nursing Practice)
- Participating in permanent overnight (between 11 pm and 7 am) or rotating shift work
- otherwise healthy
- consent to participate in the study
Exclusion Criteria:
- nurses aged 18 years or younger
- breastfeeding or pregnant women, as confirmed by a blood test
- female participants with child bearing potential not practicing a form of birth control throughout the trial
- presence of a primary medical condition associated with fatigue (e.g. cardiac, gastrointestinal, respiratory, renal, rheumatologic, or oncologic disease)
- presence of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, dementia, eating disorders, insomnia or substance abuse
- presence of diabetes
- concurrent utilization of hypoglycaemic or agents for raising or lowering blood pressure
- known allergy or hypersensitivity to Rhodiola rosea or Sedum family extracts or pollen
- know allergy to microcrystalline cellulose or silicone dioxide
- concurrent utilization of stimulant drug such as methylphenidate (Ritalin), amphetamine (Dexedrine, Adderall), methamphetamine (Desoxyn) and pemoline (Cylert)
- concurrent utilization of other rhodiola or ginseng products (both fall in the same therapeutic category known as an "adaptogen")
- any significant medical condition
- any neurological or mental health condition
- taking medication that has central nervous system effects
- aged 55 years or older
- low blood pressure or history of significant dizziness
Contacts and Locations
Choosing to participate in a study is an important personal decision. Talk with your doctor and family members or friends about deciding to join a study. To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the Contacts provided below. For general information, see Learn About Clinical Studies.
Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01278992
Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01278992
|Canada, Alberta
|University of Alberta
|Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, T6G 2E1
Sponsors and Collaborators
Government of Alberta
University of Alberta
|Principal Investigator:
|Sunita Vohra, MD FRCPC MSc
|University of Alberta
More Information
Publications automatically indexed to this study by ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier (NCT Number):
Keywords provided by Government of Alberta:
Additional relevant MeSH terms:
ClinicalTrials.gov processed this record on July 21, 2017
Publications automatically indexed to this study by ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier (NCT Number):
|Responsible Party:
|Dr. Susan Lutz, Manager - Functional Foods and Natural Health Products, Government of Alberta
|ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:
|NCT01278992 History of Changes
|Other Study ID Numbers:
|Study First Received:
|January 17, 2011
|Last Updated:
|February 14, 2011
Keywords provided by Government of Alberta:
Rhodiola rosea
Additional relevant MeSH terms:
Signs and Symptoms
ClinicalTrials.gov processed this record on July 21, 2017

subset: commoncrawl


text: Weis Markets18.Dec 2015 Employee Company has no direction. Upper management makes you feel stupid if you do something wrong. Terrible hours. 2.50 2.50 Suggestions for improvementPay people that are worthy of it so they don't work for other companies Company Weis Markets City Frederick Are you a Current or Former Employee? Former job since 2015 Position Others Department Administration


text: Abbey Lee Kershaw February 8, 2013 Flashback Friday: Abbey Lee Kershaw I haven't posted anything on the main site in a LONG time (sorry gurls!) and want to get back into my groove. I thought it would be fun to take a look at the models we love today and what they looked ... read more 34113 24


text:
Exuma Bahamas Travel Guide
by: Wizcom Ltd • 1
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by: Wizcom Ltd • 1
Our Exuma Island Mobile Application gives you full access to the Exuma Island on the Islands of the Bahamas.
The Application gives you general infos, a photo library, Hotels and resorts on the Exuma Island, Google Satellite Maps for Little and Big Exuma, and as well George Town which is the largest city on Exuma Island.
We also included an Exuma Travel Guide and a navigational compass.
This application is compatible from Android Froyo, Gingerbread, Honeycomb, Ice Cream Sandwich, and the latest Jelly Bean.
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text:
After missing a good portion of fall camp due to injuries, Boise State senior nose tackle Armand Nance is thrilled to be back to full action with his team, and the Bronco defense is glad to have him back.
"When you see that place…everyday, you see that Blue, you don't want to miss it. Every opportunity you get to step on it, you want to," Nance said.
(video provided by Shelby Ransom)
Nance is beloved, not only by his Boise State teammates but by Bronco Nation, for his vocal leadership and his passion for the game and for his team. When you attend a game in Albertsons Stadium, you'll see big #40 at the center of the team giving a pre-game pep talk.
"These guys are the main reason why I came to Boise State, so when I get to talk to them, I just want to tell them something that's coming from my heart." When pressed on exactly what Nance was saying in those huddles, he said "I can't tell you guys that!"
Nance said he began taking on the role of vocal leader of the team his junior season. Last year, Armand picked up cornerback Donte Deayon after a Deayon interception halted an opponent's drive. Nance then proceeded to throw Deayon over his shoulder and carried him off the field. Nance, at 6-feet, 306 pounds, has arms bigger than most people's legs. He was rewarded with a starting spot on the Bronco defensive line in his sophomore season, and started all 14 games last season, helping Boise State to a 12-2 record and Fiesta Bowl win over #10 Arizona.
Like the rest of his teammates, Nance is excited about opening the 2015 football season at home:
"It's always going to be good—it's your home. Nance then used an interesting analogy of playing video games: "It's always going to be good—it's your home. If you're playing video games with your friends, you feel like you have an advantage because you have your controller instead of his controller." "You just have fun," he continued. "If you have fun with your brothers, it's going to be a good day."


text:
I use this trick all the time.
Living on my own, I end up eating the same meal as leftovers several days in a row
- by SPENTURN
If you tend to have the same types of items at a certain meal of the day (for me its usually 2 or 3 of the same choices for breakfast) I just move the date of the tracker to a past day where I knew I ate the same items and use the option to "copy this to another date" and it makes my tracking quick and easy! Also the favorites list is really handy.This Sparked Me! Leave a Comment


text:
Neurohormone Research
View Single Post
Senior Member
Join Date: Mar 2011
Location: California
Posts: 279
Originally Posted by
How did you track it to oxytocin? Do you mean in yourself, or the other?
In myself.
Being of limited resources (and apparently limited capacity to influence healthcare professionals) a lot of it has had to come from awareness of my own body.
I noted that the changes in mood and the physical reactions happened after periods of intimate (though not necessarily sexual) contact. There is only a limited number of reactions the body has as a reaction to touch, oxytocin being one of them. With oxytocin's role in increasing pair bonding and engendering feelings of trust with someone else, you can draw the conclusion that oxytocin is the most likely actor.
Originally Posted by
I suspect that like most things, oxytocin interacts in a complex way with other chemicals in the body and that it is affected also by what we do with our bodies and how we interpret the world around us.
Rises in oxytocin are also associated with stroking pets. Dogs also experience rises in oxytocin when interacting with humans (and probably other dogs too).
Probably the scientific speak for "fuck if we know" is right about it.
Candace Pert writes some good stuff about neurotransmitters - particularly about the influence of the mind and the body on each other. Her books are written for lay people so quite easy to follow.
Here's a youtube video:
I also rather like Bruce Lipton's book
Biology of Belief
which covers some epigenetics - so more about how the environment around us can influence the way our bodies work.
Fascinating stuff.
Indeed, I'd not seen that video, thank you.
I actually brought it up here because I think the poly community has a little more insight and experience with the effects of oxytocin than others might. We recognize its influence and we even have a term for it; "new relationship energy."
I am as direct as a T-Rex with 'roid rage and about as subtle. It isn't intended to cause upset, I just prefer to talk plain. There are plenty of other people here who do the nice, polite thing much better than I can. I'm what you'd call a "problem dinner guest."
View Public Profile
Find all posts by Helo


text:
Scene Pictures
See more humiliating scenes here at CFNM TV!
Ray has been talked into stripping naked in the office, thinking they'll give him a job if he does what the girls want. Ashley and Nicole are merely toying with Ray, who has no chance of getting a job at all, they just want to see his big cock and make him do humiliating things for their evil pleasure. Blackmailed Ray complies with the girls' wishes and puts himself on total display, even worshiping one of the girls' heeled feet.


text:
Briscoe Declares for Aunt Bee
Original airdate
October 28, 1963
Directed by
Written by
Briscoe Darling woos Aunt Bee and carries her off to his mountain cabin.
Briscoe Darling falls under the impression that Aunt Bee is sweet on him, so he decides to court her with the intentions of making her his bride. When he is finished courting, and realizing he is getting no where, Briscoe kidnaps Bee and takes her back to the Darling cabin. Andy rescues her by convincing Bee to try to reform Briscoe; making him work hard to clean up their mountain home. Bee's attempt to civilize the Darlings causes Briscoe to call off the engagement.
- Briscoe Darling sings for the first and only time as a soloist in this episode. The singing is typically done by Rodney (the guitar player) or Charlene.
- This episode marks the only appearance of The Darlings without Charlene. Only Briscoe and his four boys appear.
- This is one of the few times a character appears without a shirt on, when Mr. Darling is sitting in the tub. Another time is in Bargain Day where Opie doesn't wear a shirt since it's so hot.
- In the TAGS Season 4 box set this episode's title spells Briscoe without the e.
Briscoe: Thank you Miss Bee, your kisses are prized and highly valuable... but they just ain't worth the pain.
Aunt Bee: Now, do you like pearly onions?
Briscoe: Oh, they twang my buds.
Briscoe to Bee: I'll put on my square wheels so's things won't get to rollin' too fast.
Briscoe to Andy: Clap those handcuffs on me for breach of promise! This is gone far enough. I can take some manners, I can take some cleaning up, and I can take a bossy mouth, but I ain't about to be beat to death with no spoon!
Andy: You go over to Miss Martha's and ask her to fix you some lunch.
Opie: Aw, gee, Pa...
Andy: Now, Opie, I ain't got time to argue with you.
Opie: But she'll feed me grits and prunes!
Andy: In Norway the young'uns eat hardtack and raw fish.
Opie: I'll take the grits and prunes.
- "Dueling Banjos" performed by The Darling Boys and Andy Taylor
- "Doug's Tune" performed by The Darling Boys and Andy Taylor
- "Old Dan Tucker" performed by Opie Taylor and Andy Taylor
- "Low and Lonely" performed by Briscoe Darling and The Darling Boys
|Previous episode:
|Next episode:
|The Sermon for Today
|Gomer the House Guest


text:
The Redskins may have added DeSean Jackson and Andre Roberts this offseason, but apparently, they're not completely satisfied with where things stand in their receiving unit.
The team worked out veteran free agents Austin Collie and Anthony Armstrong on Thursday. Washington didn't immediately sign either to a contract, however.
The Redskins would like to add more competition and improved depth to a unit plagued by inconsistencies last year. The team also has interest in adding a threat with more size, and is expected to address that need in the upcoming draft.
Collie and Armstrong fit a different description, however.
Redskins fans have good familiarity with Armstrong, who after bouncing around on a couple practice squads, including Washington's, made the Redskins' 53-man roster in 2010 and served as the team's primary deep threat. He recorded 44 catches for 871 yards and three touchdowns.
Armstrong looked to build on those numbers in 2011. He opened the year as the No. 3 receiver with Santana Moss and Jabar Gaffney. But the 5-foot-11, 184-pound West Texas A&M product suffered a hamstring injury early in the season, and found it hard to earn playing time following his recovery. He wound up recording just seven catches for 103 yards and two touchdowns (with a 50-yard touchdown catch against Seattle ranking as his highlight of the season).
A shoulder injury in training camp of 2012 hampered Armstrong's efforts to make the team, and the final roster spot came down to Armstrong and Dez Briscoe. Washington went with the bigger Briscoe, who wound up struggling to get on the field and recorded just two catches for 22 yards. Armstrong has had brief stints with Jacksonville, Miami and Dallas since, playing in a total of six games.
Now, at age 31, he is trying to revive his career. Earlier this offseason, he had tried out for the CFL and clocked a sub-4.4-second 40-yard dash, but remains in search of work.
Meantime, Collie also is trying to revive a once-promising career. He got his start in the league with the Indianapolis Colts in 2009 and spent four seasons with them. In the first three seasons of his career, the 6-foot, 204-pound Collie averaged 57 catches for 613 yards and five touchdowns per year. Concussions and a ruptured patellar tendon derailed his 2012 season, and his career. He signed with the 49ers last offseason, but didn't survive final roster cuts. He later signed with New England and appeared in seven games, starting one, while recording six catches for 63 yards for the season.
Washington has invested in the receiver position this offseason, signing Roberts to a four-year deal that features eight million in guaranteed money. And then they signed DeSean Jackson to a three-year deal with $16 million guaranteed. Jackson presumably would line up opposite Garcon in the starting lineup with Roberts likely filling that slot receiver role.
Meantime, Moss, Aldrick Robinson, Nick Williams and David Gettis will vie for roster spots, while Leonard Hankerson aims to make a comeback from a torn ACL in 2013. Of those receivers, only Garcon, Gettis and Hankerson stand 6 feet tall or better. Garcon is 6-feet tall, Hankerson 6-2 and Gettis 6-3.
Have a football question? E-mail Mike Jones at firstname.lastname@example.com with the subject line "Mailbag question" for him to answer it in The Mailbag.
Coverage from The Post:
Trent Williams knows pressures is on offensive line
Redskins open preseason against the Patriots
Cofield: Accountability is key
Follow: @MikeJonesWaPo | @MarkMaske | @Insider | Insider on Facebook


text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|PCT number
|Publication date
|Nov 12, 2002
|Filing date
|Apr 17, 1998
|Priority date
|Apr 18, 1997
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Roy Harold Mauger, Simon Daniel Brueckheimer
|Original Assignee
|Nortel Networks Limited
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (6), Non-Patent Citations (4), Referenced by (25), Classifications (28), Legal Events (8)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This invention relates to a connectionless communication network and in particular to an arrangement and method for providing communication in a network structure comprising a ground network and satellite links.
Satellite communications systems employing geostationary satellites carrying traffic between ground stations are well established. Although such systems are effective in operation, they suffer from two limitations. Firstly, a geostationary satellite occupies an equatorial orbit and thus its 'footprint' may not extend to higher latitudes. Secondly, a large number of geostationary satellites have already been installed and there are now very few orbital positions available for new satellites. To address these problems, there are recent proposals to provide satellite systems in which non-geostationary satellite nodes co-operate with a ground-based network to form a global communications system.
A method of providing communications in a system employing non-geostationary satellites is described in specification U.S. Pat. No. 5,621,415. In that arrangement, the satellite footprints are partitioned into linear spanning cells containing multiple linear segments to reduce the hand-off overhead.
Our co-pending United Kingdom patent application No 9707832.3 (Rosenberg 1) filed Apr. 18, 1997 and our co-pending application (ref.ID0799) of even date relate to a connectionless communications network for transporting broad band services requiring quality of service (QoS) guarantees and for ensuring that the service maintains the quality of service determined at the start of a communication session throughout the duration of that session. In those applications, moving satellite nodes are accommodated by maintaining a virtual model of the network having fixed virtual nodes to control packet routing. Routing of packets is performed with reference to the virtual network. By ensuring that topology changes re-establish the bandwidth available within the virtual model, the system provides a guaranteed quality of service
A method of operating an ATM network by using a software representation comprising a virtual network model is described in specification No. EP-A-748142. A description of ATM-based routing in LEO/MEO satellite networks is given by M Werner et al. in IEEE Journal on Selected areas in Communications, Vol. 15, No. 1, January 1997, pages 69-82.
Connectionless network operation has been traditionally used in data communications. Networks based on the Internet Protocol (IP) are typically connectionless. Wireless and satellite data networks are often designed for connectionless operation in order to avoid the need for explicit connection hand-overs due to the physical mobility of users or systems. The main features of a connectionless network are not to require a connection set-up phase and to route each packet of a connection independently. No connection related state is then needed in network switches and a topological change in a node (i.e., its failure or its hand-over in satellite networks) only necessitates the update of the routing table contained in its neighbours. In a satellite network, connectionless operation removes the need for connection related states to be held in the sky segment, but the advantages of statelessness must be weighed against the effects on routing and congestion management. With regard to routing, each packet of information is self-routed, so the network is able to adapt to changes due to hand-overs between satellites. Each hand-over can be interpreted as a change of topology.
Transport of broadband services requiring Quality of Service (QoS) guarantees over connectionless network is a major issue since traditionally this kind of network has only offered best-effort services. QoS guarantees are usually provided through connection-orientation and call admission control, as in the case of B-ISDN networks based on ATM. For such networks a virtual circuit is established during a set-up phase, and then routing of individual packets is simplified (i.e., no decision needs to be made) since the route (i.e., the virtual circuit) has already been chosen, and a certain amount of resource such as buffer allocation and bandwidth has been reserved.
In a network that has a wide service application spectrum, traffic may be segregated on the basis of a class of QoS criteria rather than transport protocol or mode. Even with such a segregation the QoS classes may be broad and quite different. In that case, there is always a trade-off between connection-orientation and connectionless operation, the key considerations being the need for a call set-up phase, the amount of processing per packet, the necessity to keep connection related state in the switches involved in the connection, meeting QoS guarantees, the need for end-to-end sequence guarantee, and the need to perform a new connection set-up phase for any topological change involving a node in the route.
This last point is crucial for a LEO based satellite network where topological changes are very frequent. Our co-pending applications referred to above describe methods for maintaining connection-oriented communication and bandwidth availability when the topology changes, without requiring a connection-oriented function or state within the network. In a preferred embodiment, a fixed virtual model of the network is maintained and a physical node embodies a virtual node that is fixed relative to the ground.
An object of the invention is to provide an improved method of operating a connectionless network to accommodate various grades of quality of service (QoS).
This invention relates to a method for applying those techniques to the several different QoS classes described below and for admitting traffic of all QoS classes into an integrated service connectionless network.
One aspect of this invention is a method to admit connection-orientated calls of different Quality of Service (QoS) traffic class requirements into a connectionless network with engineered Grade of Service (GoS) and QoS guarantees.
Another aspect of this invention is a method to manage congestion and QoS requirements of connectionless sessions in a connection-less network.
A further aspect of this invention is the combination of reserved and on-demand bandwidth allocation to different traffic QoS classes in a network using TDMA access.
A further aspect of this invention is mechanism that allows TDMA satellite networks to remain stateless, by providing mechanisms that relate to call state and admission control and congestion management to reside on the ground.
The invention further provides a means for call admission control and connection management in such a preferred embodiment, and includes the alternative embodiments where the user network interface may be ATM, PDH or SDH based.
In a further aspect, the invention provides a connectionless network having means for accommodating a plurality of different quality of service (QoS) traffic class requirements, the network having means for allocating reserved access bandwidth to traffic in a first group of quality of service classes, and means for allocating on-demand access bandwidth to traffic in a second group of quality of service classes.
An embodiment of the invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a satellite network according to a preferred embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 illustrates an example of segregation of services into different classes of quality of service (QoS) criteria for traffic;
FIG. 3 illustrates the principle of a virtual model as applied to the satellite network of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 illustrates in schematic form the relationship between the virtual model of FIG. 3 and the corresponding real satellite network;
FIG. 5 illustrates the principle of a modelled virtual path employed in the virtual model of FIG. 3;
FIG. 6 illustrates a connection control function based on B-ISDN signalling employed in the network of FIG. 1;
FIG. 7 illustrates a possible scoping or deployment of the connection control entities for the satellite network of FIG. 1;
FIG. 8 illustrates a bandwidth and admission plan for the network of FIG. 1;
FIG. 9 illustrates the concept of a Virtual Virtual Circuit for handling traffic of QoS class 3 in the network of FIG. 1; and
FIG. 10 illustrates the protocol of the AAL2 ATM adaptation layer.
Referring first to FIG. 1, the network comprises an array of non-geostationary satellites 11 interconnected by inter-satellite communications links 12 between adjacent satellites. These inter-satellite links will typically comprise microwave links carrying a number of communication channels. Typically, the satellites will be low earth orbit (LEO) satellites. The ground portion of the network is partitioned into a number of cells 13 each corresponding to the footprint of a satellite and each containing one or more ground stations 14. The satellites 11 communicate with the ground stations 14, typically via microwave links, and provide the nodes of a communications network in which communications traffic is routed from ground station to ground station via one or more satellites which thus form the nodes of the network. Operation of the system is controlled via one or more network controllers 16.
It will be appreciated that although FIG. 1 depicts a regular array of satellites, this, in the case of non-geostationary satellite systems, is a highly idealised 'snapshot' view of the system as the satellites will be constantly in motion relative to the ground and to each other so that the network topology will be constantly changing. However, the satellite orbits and the corresponding topology changes are predictable in the short and medium term. In general, the prediction of the satellite motion and positions will be determined from a reference model which is updated from time to time from measurements of the satellite positions. Routing of traffic within this topologically changing network is determined by the use of a ground-based modelled or virtual network as will be described below.
The network of FIG. 1 is adapted to handle a wide variety of types of traffic, these traffic types being divided into a number of quality of service (QoS) classes as will be discussed below.
Referring now to FIG. 2, the different QoS classes illustrated can be supported and provided by different traffic priorities in a network. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that this is similar to the ITU-T and ATM Forum specifications for ATM technology in the B-ISDN model. With reference to those standards, the QoS classes are considered independent of the ATM transfer capability (CBR, DBR, SBR, VBR, ABR, etc.), just as applications that use TCP or UDP (RTP) could actually demand different QoS classes of the network. We also draw attention to the definition of Grade of Service (GOS), which is distinct from QoS, and describes how calls or connections of certain QoS class get admitted to the network, if at all. QoS describes performance once a call has been admitted to the network.
By way of example to illustrate the operation of the network we consider four QoS classes based on the ITU-T and ATM Forum definitions, although the means is not restricted in anyway to this number or their definitions.
QoS class 1 is a stringent traffic class, because there are guarantees for delay, jitter and loss. Examples of this service class are PCM voice, compressed voice codecs developed for wire-line applications in which the error incidence has been assumed to be low, and video codecs that have high compression ratios. This is shown in FIG. 2. All these services are call-based inasmuch that they demand immediate human consumption, and hence a low delay of less than the ITU-T G114 figure of 150 ms for voice. Moreover a stable route must be maintained. Many of the class 1 services that use this model are phase sensitive, and any change in the established end-to-end delay will disrupt the communication and relative synchronization.
QoS class 2 is a tolerant traffic class, because there is not necessarily a stringent requirement on delay, jitter or error, but it is generally expected that these properties can be negotiated for the particular service at connection set-up. Services using class 2 may tolerate higher delay and/or error incidence than the stringent class 1, because of a need for looser bit-rate specification which may vary within pre-set bounds. Services at the delay sensitive end of the class 2 spectrum are error-tolerant voice codecs that can mitigate higher error ratios than would normally be expected in wire-line applications such as GSM. Services at the error-sensitive end of the spectrum are for example data-based as part of interactive conferences such as still graphics, slides, document paging and pointing. These services involve human interaction, so they are call-based. A stable route must be maintained since, although not predominantly phase sensitive, the services jitter allowance may be small at the delay-sensitive end of the spectrum, and traffic shaping mechanisms may be in use at receive buffers.
QoS class 3 is a guaranteed delivery traffic class for which the delay and jitter values are sacrificed for a high probability or close to assured delivery. This is achieved by flow control in which a priori there is no guarantee when a cell will be delivered, only that, if once admitted to the network, then it will be delivered with a high probability of success. Example services in this class are medical image or general file transfer, electronic mail and fax. Class 3 services may or may not be human interactive, in the sense that responsiveness may or may not be required. To that extent the services are not necessarily call-based, but are usually session or stream-based, and therefore connection-orientated. However, this is not always a specific requirement. During a significant connection or session duration the traffic is fully or partially flow-controlled to ensure delivery without having to over-provide bandwidth. In a short transaction, connection-orientation and flow control may not be necessary, since full retransmission is viable.
QoS class 4 is a non-guaranteed delivery traffic class, for which no bounds on delay, jitter or error incidence are specified, nor are they expected to be negotiable. The network may admit the traffic but makes no contract that the cell will be delivered. The goal is to sacrifice delay for some degree of delivery assurance, or complete loss. Services that could use this class are hotly debated in ATM circles, but bearing in mind that the application performs the error/loss mitigation, some possible examples are client-server backup, network clock synchronisation, and the "best-effort" Internet protocol in general, where the service application does not require a significant QoS guarantee. Delay will be in fact bounded by implementation. If a cell is not lost due to congestion it can only be delayed worst-case by the accrued maximum buffer length in the switching nodes it has traversed. The services using this class do not have to be connection-orientated or call based.
Our co-pending applications referred to above describe a network model in which connection-orientation and reservation may be maintained in a connectionless network, the preferred embodiment being a connectionless LEO satellite network in which the satellites are moving, and therefore there are topology changes. The preferred embodiment described herein is a modelled virtual path that describes the community-of-interest between endpoints held in a virtual model in preferentially ground-based connection control.
The network of FIG. 1 is modelled by the corresponding virtual model network shown in FIG. 3. In the virtual network of FIG. 3, connections between users 30 are available between virtual nodes 31 and are made according to a restricted set of routing plans based on the modelled virtual paths between those nodes. This is illustrated in FIG. 3 which illustrates the use of ground-based connection control 32 and FIG. 4 which illustrates the relationship between the real satellite network and the ground-based virtual model. As shown in FIG. 4, the ground-based model provides a fixed mapping between a set of cells and a modelled virtual node. Hand-over of cells means that modelled nodes may be distributed over up to nine satellites. Ownership of a particular cell 41 identifies a satellite node as embodying the ground-based model of that virtual node. Ownership of cells is broadcast to all adjacent nodes so that the location is visible from the satellite embodying the ground image. The example shown by way of illustration in FIG. 3 is of a "dogleg" or angular connection. In order to support these routing plans, a mesh of virtual connections may link all satellites according to a certain topology. For a network with a small number of satellites a full mesh would be provided. For a network with a larger number as illustrated here, the mesh could include all satellites within the same constellation and in addition a further mesh of virtual connections linking all satellites which form a line of latitude around the world. These routing plans appear in the model as modelled virtual paths of defined capacity or statistical capability. Each virtual node is connected to every other virtual node by means of a set of these modelled virtual paths. The capacity of the set of modelled virtual paths linking a pair of virtual nodes is determined by traffic analysis of the community of interest between the nodes and is subject to regular re-engineering as the network or its usage evolves. The relationship between the virtual and real networks is further illustrated in FIG. 5 which illustrates the principle of modelled virtual paths and shows the relationship between the real satellite nodes 11 and the corresponding virtual nodes 31 of the modelled network.
The connection control function in the network of FIG. 1 is illustrated in FIG. 6. Each user 60 has a signalling link 62 to an allocated connection control (CC) 63 which models the part of the network within which that user resides. Connection control nodes are fully interconnected with semi-permanent signalling links 64, and a connection request is allocated capacity on a modelled virtual path which, as it is ATM like in its behaviour, allows the use of standard B-ISDN signalling between the connection control entities, this being illustrated in FIG. 6. Connection control entities are provided at a small number of physical locations and control connections using an object model of all allocable resources within their section of the network. Connection control functions can be centralised on a continental scale, for which scaling of computer capacity is not a problem by the use of object models. Furthermore if connection control entities are located in low demand traffic areas, then signalling traffic congestion is avoided. A possible scoping or deployment of the connection control function (CC) is illustrated, in FIG. 7. Most connections can be made with a pair-wise communication between two connection controls. Exceptionally, a third connection control can grant through capacity as a transit virtual connection.
A typical QoS classes bandwidth and admission policy is illustrated in the diagram of FIG. 8. This figure illustrates a plan for bandwidth reservation for on-demand access and for the reservation of bandwidth in the core network as a basis for call admission control and congestion management. As shown in this figure, classes 1 and 2 use reserved access bandwidth. Call admission control (CAC) calculates the blocking probability based on the traffic shape/reshaping based on the calls in progress. Classes 3 and 4 use on-demand access bandwidth. Here, call admission control calculates mean or maximum effective bandwidth. Class 3 may in some applications have reserved bandwidth. The maximum/mean bandwidth values for classes 1, 2 and 3 can be recorded per cell and transferred to the corresponding satellite which keeps a running balance.
To satisfy the requirement for reservation of bandwidth and to ensure a stable route, QoS class 1 and 2 traffic must be connection-orientated. The modelled virtual path defined herein forms a basis on which the call admission control policies of the B-ISDN ATM model may be adapted to the admission of calls to the network of QoS class 1 and 2 defined herein. To ensure capacity is not over-subscribed, call admission control (CAC), provides a means of bandwidth accounting which is performed at connection set-up. The modelled virtual paths furthermore ensure that all traffic is routed in the same way in the virtual model such that only limited path-length change artefacts need be compensated, for example satellite hand-off. By assigning a higher traffic queue scheduling priority to class 1 services over class 2 services, and restricting these two classes to no alternative path routing during a call by virtue of the modelled virtual path, we have found that a connectionless network can satisfy all the criteria of QoS classes 1 and 2.
The CAC and the available capacities of the modelled virtual and physical paths controls the grade of service of the network. A given CAC responds to QoS class 1 and 2, and the selected transfer capability at call request, and determines from the available capacity (and functional boundary conditions) how many new calls can be admitted to the network. The accuracy of the CACs will contribute to the overall GoS and in part the realised QoS. If there is an abundance of Class 1 traffic calls, then the Class 1 and Class 2 CACs will admit fewer calls for a given remaining capacity shared between the classes. Essentially this call-blocking rate will depend at any moment on the utilisation and classes of all the established calls. It is not wrong to reject calls, but this can represent a poor GoS and the network preferably needs more capacity.
Using the above operation we now describe the treatment given to the full complement of the previously described QoS classes in a connectionless network, the preferred embodiment being a LEO satellite network. It will however be appreciated that the technique is not restricted to this number of QoS classes which may be subdivided e.g. by criteria, traffic queue scheduling priority, nor is the technique restricted to LEO satellite networks. Unlike QoS classes 1 and 2, QoS class 3 requires flow control to ensure delivery without over-provisioning resources. In a stateless satellite space-segment, where the definition of statelessness is defined to be holding no connection or bandwidth reservation details onboard a satellite, there is no facility to flow control traffic. QoS class 3 services use a transport protocol with a goal of delivering a stream of information intact, at the expense of delay. ATM available bit rate (ABR) transfer capability has a small loss probability, but if necessary this can be teased out by a light-weight higher protocol operating end to end. Both ABR and TCP (transport control protocol) transport protocols are connection-orientated and fully flow-controlled and attempt to establish QoS class 3 performance in their respective network contexts. ABR is based on credit or rate-based flow-control; cells are flow-controlled link-by-link. TCP by contrast uses end-to-end flow control.
To support ABR, the network would have to meet an almost certain delivery criterion once having admitted an ABR transfer capable ATM cell. Implementing link-by-link flow control as per ATM would violate the stateless criterion on board. Furthermore, link-by-link back-pressure alone in a connectionless space segment is likely to cause unwieldy re-sequencing requirements at a destination terminal, and is likely to impose large buffers throughout the network. Without any internal flow control mechanisms, a connectionless network there will have uncontrolled be packet loss when congested, and not meet the delivery criterion for this service QoS class.
Simply substituting the ABR link-by-link with end-to-end flow control, by essentially treating the network as one long link, requires accommodating significant round-trip delay, and requires a special priority for resource allocation cells that provide the credits in an ATM network. With this approach, the "passive" intermediate nodes (satellites) would have to ensure that merging traffic does not cause congestion and cell loss.
TCP's goal is higher than ATM's ABR transfer capability as it tolerates no packet loss. TCP is already based on end-to-end flow control. However, TCP actually has many different implementations. These vary widely in retransmission policies, time-out durations and back-off strategies. There is no easy way to contain or manage the traffic in terms of the number or spread of users, and since any error incidence provokes a retransmission. Consequently the network is exposed to unmanageable congestion and this will impact the QoS of classes 1 and 2.
Dynamic routing policy decisions can smooth traffic but not contain it. The MAC layer of TDMA access policy is insufficient to contain traffic either over a distributed network, since at some point, not necessarily distant, congestion will occur where traffic merges. Furthermore, if the MAC protocol is shaping traffic, then TCP may have to be modified to account for this local flow-control, and if the flow control is applied too rigorously, throughput will suffer due to carrying both redundant packets and their retransmission.
The preferred method illustrated in FIG. 9 to manage QoS class 3 traffic is by an effective maximum or mean bandwidth reservation end to end using the modelled virtual path concept. The network may reserve a certain effective bandwidth to meet some delay criteria, although not strictly necessary, and made available through a call admission control policy. With bandwidth reservation, flow control need only be performed locally at source. Bandwidth reservation could be performed at a VC level in terms of an individual session, or in the preferred embodiment at the modelled VP level, for which there would be sufficient aggregation of traffic. This effective bandwidth is maintained by full traffic shaping at source, and may be re-negotiated according to demand. Traffic shaping is implemented by the MAC protocol on the TDMA, which for QoS class 3 services operates a full or partial on-demand reservation service.
ATM ABR services therefore operate the flow control on an uplink access to the satellite network, but subsequently use the reserved bandwidth of the modelled VP in the core to ensure delivery. For TCP services that require QoS class 3, the access link flow control is combined with a virtual virtual Circuit (VVC), which is a virtual circuit in a stateless-connectionless network. The VVC is a model that describes a virtual circuit or community of interest between endpoints—there may be more than a pair—which is defined by a certain amount of bandwidth reservation that may be re-negotiated, and a persistence of state at the endpoints in the terminal equipment. The VVC may find application in LAN interconnect, VPN/EN Corporate Intranet and ISP to ISP applications.
A suitable ATM cell format in which AAL-2 minicells are multiplexed into ATM cells is illustrated by way of example in FIG. 10.
The VVC may be semi-permanent in which case it is configured, or it may be set-up on demand, i.e. signalled like a call. The VVC uses a lightweight protocol to establish individual sessions, and there may be several simultaneous sessions multiplexed in a given VVC. Traffic is transported by short variable length packets or in a preferred embodiment by the ITU AAL-2. The VVC persists longer than TCP or UDP sessions, such that it can provide a framework for routing connectionless (UDP) or connection-orientated sessions (TCP). This ensures that there is a defined routing policy between endpoints for these protocols, to manage congestion in the network. The AAL-2 Negotiation Procedures are a suitable lightweight protocol for establishing TCP sessions. The packets external to the network may be adapted to AAL-2 for transport in the network. A TCP session is then equivalent to an AAL-2 channel ID, and the TCP header could be dropped at the source network termination. UDP could keep its header and use an AAL-2 special reserved channel ID for all UDP transfers.
QoS class 4, can be assigned the lowest traffic priority such that it does not impinge on the other three QoS classes. The behaviour is then equivalent to the Internet best effort. However, the other three QoS classes are unaffected by the behaviour or the congestion of the fourth. They therefore provide the opportunity to handle applications according to there QoS requirements. QoS class 4 uses on-demand bandwidth on an uplink to a satellite network or a connectionless network using TDMA, and need not have any effective bandwidth reservation.
Capacity allocations are controlled by the call admission control, which for a stateless satellite network must be ground-based for QoS classes 1 and 2, and to cater for the effective bandwidth portion of class 3. It is not necessary to restrict the percentage capacity of classes 1 and 2 to any particular fixed values, except for functional constraints such as hand-off. By renegotiating a percentage capacity for the QoS classes individually, then different GoS can be achieved for each QoS.
Congestion management for QoS class 4 operates in sympathy with call admission control for QoS classes 1 and 2 and possibly class 3 traffic. Congestion management is equivalent to a function of IP routers that perform a dynamic controlled routing algorithm (e.g. OSPF) that updates the routing tables. Since CAC is ground-based, and congestion management's flow-control and advertising mechanisms would violate a stateless network criterion, then the congestion management needs to be ground-based and collocated. QoS class 4 traffic can be alternately routed in the network with reference to only local indications of congestion within a node and routing policy decisions made by the congestion management which either puts an explicit routing policy in each packet, or implicit destination based routing and context driven tables inside the nodes of the network.
QoS classes 1 and 2 have reserved bandwidth on a TDMA uplink, and in the core network. QoS class 3 may use a combination of reserved bandwidth or on-demand bandwidth on a TDMA uplink and effective bandwidth reservation in the core network. QoS class 4 operates only on-demand based bandwidth reservation on a TDMA uplink and has no a priori bandwidth reservation in the network operating on best effort principles. A satellite would not need to hand-off or retain a record of any bandwidth reservations. A ground based cell equipment can and keep this record, and as it is inherited by a physical node it can communicate this succinct information to the satellite. The satellite keeps running totals for the bandwidth reservations for the QoS classes separately and can use this to drive the on-demand allocations for the uplink.
It will be understood that the above description of a preferred embodiment is given by way of example only and that various modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
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|International Classification
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|Aug 26, 1999
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text:
Juggernaut is a Red Dead Redemption posse.
About the posse
We are the juggernaut, be are an unbreakable band of sons-a-bitchs. We are the best of the best and we don't except anyone whos not. (360)
Joining the posse
To join you have to be at least level 30, have a mic, and send "The Kidfly" a message on xbox 360 online.
- "The Kidfly"
- "Asaac"
Other members
- Deadlyassasin97
- Airmatty210k
- The roach 91...


text:
Country Farms® Natural Whole Food Suplement
High-quality superfood drink mix contains a high phytonutrient content and includes a greens blend of wheat grass, kale, barley and spirulina. Along with aloe and probiotics, Super Greens will provide you with vitamins, minerals and antioxidants to help sustain a healthy lifestyle. An easy, tasty alternative for getting your daily fruits, vegetables and greens to help aid with digestion, enhance your immune system and boost your energy.† Available in Natural, Berry, Apple Banana and Chocolate Flavors
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text:
This is my entry for #FireAndWaterPhotos' Hot and Cold Contest.
The Biggest Natural Wonder Contest [link]
The Biggest Natural Wonder Contest [link]
Hi! Your piece has been featured as inspiration in #Lit-Visual-Alliance's Winter Alliance Contest article! Please the article to bring more attention to the features and the contest. Thanks!
This makes me think about crystal butterflies, you should put that in the name to make it more wordplay like and they will see it.
so awesome!
As one of the runners up of The Biggest Natural Wonder contest
you have been featured in this news article!
the article to support the winners and also your featured work, please!
Thank you very much!
That i love! amazing photography skillz there..
Haha, just joking. It's beautiful.
Wow! Amazing quality!
wow that amazing!!
great shot
Voted for you. : )
Did you burn that trail into the snow?
Did you burn that trail into the snow?
Thank you so much! :3 ♥
It's just a crevice on the ice (: so i didn't do that myself.
It's just a crevice on the ice (: so i didn't do that myself.
I voted for you this one is beautyful
it looks really fantastique!!
wow! that is impressive!
perfect nature shot


text:
Arabel Crandall
Hi Everyone
I am an archivist at the Butler Institute of American Art in Youngstown.
We have 32 beautiful drawings signed by Arabel Crandall.She also went by the name Belle Crandall.Was a member of a number of turn of the century art clubs and a charter member of the Mahoning Institute of Art.
She was the daughter of Nelson Crandall (1826) and was one of four children : Julia, James Ford and Charles Nelson.
I wanted to inquire if anyone out there might have a fuller biography of her.The above information came from J. G. Butler, Jr. History of Youngstown and Mahoning Valley.
Thank you to whomever might know something.
Patrick McCormick
More Replies:
Re: Arabel Crandall
Rickey Crandall 11/13/09


text:
by Jane Aitken
A very dangerous thing is about to happen to people who live in parts
of Massachusetts and Southern NH.
We are about to come under the auspices of the National Park system. Why is this bad?
Consider the 37 National Parks in the US that are now designated as 'World Heritage' Sites.
World Heritage sites, belong to all the peoples of the world, irrespective of the territory on which they are located according to the United Nations on their website: http://whc.unesco.org/en/about/
"Freedom's Way" is being touted as a great way to get federal dollars for tourism, and to promote 'democracy'.
However, once the 'World Heritage' system takes over, the laws of our Constitutional Republic that LIMIT GOVERNMENT will no longer be honored in favor of international laws under the United Nations.
Many of you may not understand that the United Nations is a NON- governmental organization which in theory has NO authority over our US with regard to enforcing rules and laws. However, our officials keep signing treaties with this body of unelected officials, most from communist countries, and then pass legislation here to honor those treaties, despite the fact that they have no justification under our US Constitution!
Unless efforts like this are stopped, we risk more and more of our US sovereignty, or the right to self-government, and the chance that someday, we may face being tried in an international court by people whose cultures and customs are quite different from our own. (I can see it now, someone slips and uses a 'bad' word, and ends up getting their tongue cut out!).
The final goal in the creation of these 'areas' is the UN's desire to create 'regions' that will be governed under a global system where the continents are divided up by common geography and NOT by our Constitution or laws of that country's government.
For Freedom's Way, it is just the first step in creating "Acadia" in accordance with the UN's "Agenda 21" under the guise of tourism, history, and conservation. If there are any conservation efforts, they need to be done on the local level. Please look up Agenda 21-realted documents here to see what a dangerous organization the UN really is, having been given legitimacy by so many countries:
I urge everyone to peruse the UN's vast website and see just what they have in store for the people of this earth. It is a quest to control the land, the air, and the sea under one government. It means the end of our Constitution. And by promoting these programs using the scare tactics of the new religion of gaia and eco-fascism, characters like Al Gore are aiding and abetting the demise of America.
Freedom's Way: make no mistake about this misnamed effort. This is just the first step in the assault on our freedom. But it won't be the last.
Visit this website to see if your town is affected and please, write to your Congressmen and Senators and tell them to STOP selling us out to the UN in return for federal money!
Freedom's Way National Heritage Area [MA/NH] has passed the House and is now bound for the Senate (H.R.1297, S. 827)
Here is the AP story on it:
HAGERSTOWN, Md. (AP) - The U.S. House of Representatives has approved legislation that would designate a new national heritage area in New Hampshire and Massachusetts.
The Freedom's Way National Heritage Area would include 37 towns and cities in northern Massachusetts and eight towns in southern New Hampshire.
The measure, which also designates five other national heritage areas in other parts of the country, now goes to the Senate. The bill authorizes $10 million in federal matching grants to establish the heritage areas.


text:
Charlotte Gainsbourg
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21 July 1971, London, England. Gainsbourg is the daughter of the famous French songwriter Serge Gainsbourg and English actress/singer Jane Birkin. Her father, always one to court controversy, cast his 13-year old daughter as a lascivious nymphet on the 1984 single Lemon Incest (the video raised further eyebrows by featuring a half-naked Serge and Charlotte cavorting in bed). Released two years later, Charlotte For Ever featured a whole albums worth of Charlottes breathy interpretations of her fathers songs. The album courted further controversy but was equally hamstrung by its dated synth arrangements.
Charlotte subsequently concentrated on her acting career, which had started in 1984 with an appearance in the Catherine Deneuve-starring Paroles Et Musique. She established herself as a talented actor with acclaimed roles in The Cement Garden (1993), Jane Eyre (1996) and 21 Grams (2003). Her rare outings on record...
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- 71%Tiny Tim
- 70%Cat Power
- 66%Françoise Hardy
- 63%My Brightest Diamond
- 58%Goldfrapp
- 57%Nouvelle Vague
- 57%PJ Harvey


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"How do I know if this isn't an imitation product?"
Wish this would come back in stock, Overstock. This is the only eye cream that actually WORKS for me, and I've tried them all....
Orlane Absolute Skin Recovery Care Eye Contour Gelby Orlane
- Orlane Absolute Skin Recovery Care Eye Contour gel helps relieve tired, stressed eyes
- Beauty product is a white cream/gel that has been tested by ophthalmologists
- Stimulates cell energy and regenerates for anti-aging properties
- Hypoallergenic and fragrance-free
- Smoothes, firms, moisturizes and helps prevent the causes of fatigue
- Reduces the appearance of dark circles often linked to problems of skin congestion
- Maintains skin moisture balance and protects
- Specifically adapted for the eye area, fluid texture is rapidly absorbed
- Encourages lasing makeup hold
- Arrives in 0.5-ounce tube
- Active principle: B21 bio-energic plant complex, energesium, white lily extract and organic silicon
- Use: Morning and/ or night, apply several drops with light tapping movements or by pressing lightly ( with the third finger) around the eye contour
Due to the personal nature of this product we do not accept returns.
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Customer Reviews
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I honestly didn't know what to expect from this, as most eye creams I've tried, no matter the cost had disappointing results. I suffer from fine lines, dark purple circles, and puffy eyes. The consistency of this product made me lower my expectations a bit, but on the very first day of wearing this I was carded twice (I'm in my mid-30's and almost never carded anymore, and never twice in a day). I'm not sure what the long term effects of this are, but if you're looking for immediate results, this is it.Read More
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Best eye cream out there.
Wish this would come back in stock, Overstock. This is the only eye cream that actually WORKS for me, and I've tried them all.Read More
Seeing results!
This product was more expensive than I normally spend, but after using it for a couple of weeks, I am so glad I tried it. Just a drop takes care of my whole eye area. It relaxes the lines around my eyes and I use it in the morning. I did not see results on the first couple of uses, but now I am getting compliments.Read More
The BEST!
I was starting to develop crows feet on the outside of my eyes and tightness with the skin on the inner eyes. This product has already eliminated both issues in less then two weeks. I didn't tell my husband I was using a new product and he's not the type to mention my appearance but he told me just yesterday i looked younger and my eyes looked different. Coming from him, that's huge! Please don't ever stop selling this product.Read More
Best eye creme
I've been using this creme since I was 19 years old and 20 years later, still no wrinkles around my eyes! It totally helps with bags, discoloration and puffiness. This is the best quality eye creme out there and is worth every penny.Read More
this product works like a miracle!
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text: Renovated in 2004, this hotel has a total of 172 rooms spread over 6 floors, including 97 doubles, 51 twin rooms and 24 apartments. The hotel's facilities include a lobby with a 24-hour reception, a safe, a currency exchange desk, lifts, 2 conference rooms with a capacity of up to 150 persons (with a private reception), a bicycle storage facility, a car park and a garage. Dining options include an inviting bar and an air-conditioned à la carte restaurant with highchairs for infants. Further facilities include Internet access (through WLAN) as well as room and laundry services.The welcoming and cosily furnished rooms (either double or twin rooms) have en suite bathroom facilities with a hairdryer and a second telephone, another direct dial telephone, satellite/ cable TV, a radio and Internet access. Moreover, the rooms come with a desk, double-glazed windows, opaque curtains, coffee and tea maker, a fridge, carpeting, a king-sized bed, a hire safe and air conditioning as standard. The apartments (2-storeys) are additionally equipped with a combined living room/bedroom, a separate bedroom and a guest toilet. On the lower floor, guests will find another double bed and a second television.


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Shipping and return policies for Noisepoetnobody
- Shipping Info
- Orders are usually shipped within 1 business day, 2 at the latest. US orders are usually shipped First Class, but sometimes will be shipped via Priority Mail or Media Mail when required by the weight of the package. All US orders will be provided with a tracking number via e-mail when their order is shipped. Non-US orders are shipped First Class International but no package tracking information can be provided - we will however provide a customs form number via email. We've never had an issue with a package that did not reach its destination but for all Non-US Customers - you order at your own risk!! We can not be held responsible for a shipment that does not reach its destination - we have no ability to control foreign postal systems.
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- Refunds can only be offered on physical product. No refunds will be offered on digital download items. Physical product can be returned for your choice of either a full refund or for store credit as long as items are returned in new and/or unopened condition. If your items were damaged in shipment or you are requesting a refund, please drop us an email at info [at] lensrecords [dot] com to discuss your return - in most cases it will result in a full refund upon the items return to us.
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Product Description
The Jet Accent Chair has a classic midcentury design in a range of fun colors. Get a couple for your living room, office, bedroom or anywhere that needs a pop of contemporary style. -Materials: Ash Wood, Natural Finish, Woven Blend Dimensions: 31″w x 35″d x 34″h Seat Height: 16″h
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TrimTabs Takes Some Chips off the Table…Just as Stocks Soar
By Steven Russolillo and Tomi Kilgore
TrimTabs Investment Research's market-timing calls haven't been so hot of late.
The firm says it's taking some chips off the table, a week after it went all in on U.S. equities, because of "less favorable" supply indicators. Unfortunately, stocks suffered the biggest weekly decline of the year last week, immediately after TrimTabs made its 100% all-in call.
Now, the market is roaring higher as the firm backs a bit off its bullish announcement. Can we call TrimTabs the new contrarian indicator?
Despite today's action the firm is less than optimistic about the difference between corporate buying and corporate selling.
(Read more…)


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Sometimes goofy, sometimes tired and grumpy, sometimes cheerful and sunny, sometimes lazy, sometimes too busy.... welcome to my world!!
Wednesday, January 30, 2008
It sure makes a day more interesting if you cannot access the servers but you need to continue your operations. It was on my agenda to test my contingency plan this week and update it. But I had more a dry run in my mind, not a real test. I know which procedures to update now, so no need to do that over again!
Tuesday, January 29, 2008
10 random facts meme
"Nooo nooo, trust me. I have commented on your first post that I would play. I just haven't done it yet, but I will."
So here I am 6 weeks later, in the sofa, wanting to post something but lacking inspiration for a story or something. An excellent moment to dig up her meme (while I am currently playing the Ralph Vaughan Williams - Tallis Fantasia music which she posted last Sunday).
So here's 10 random facts about me:
- I keep promises! It might take a long time but it try to keep them! ;)
- I am a champion in procrastionation ...but the slower my start, the more energetic and up to speed I get later on. If I get up too early in the morning, I struggle all day with fatigue and the tendency to go and rest. If I sleep in, have a long relax breakfast, read some books and "waste time",.... I'll get the urge "to do " something after a while.
I am known at work to arrive late and to leave late. I get most of my work done in the hours before I go home rather than in the morning.
- I love to sleep in total darkness and silence. I don't understand that some people need light to sleep! Huh? Isn't that unnatural?
Anyway, I am totally excited about the new windows we got a couple of weeks ago and the new light blocking curtains which we got this weekend. Woooohooo, quality sleep from now on :)
- I tend to study licence plates at cars and make up words from the combinations I see. Lately I am really intrigued by a bus which I often pass when I drive home. It says "KOE 917" (cow 917). Now I am looking for more driving animals :p
- I love recipes with mint. Mint is such a refreshing and delicious herb. Mint tea is the best. Mint in other dishes eg cucumber soup with mint, lamb with mint, .... Fantastic.
but I hate eating mint candies. I don't like the cold sensation it gives in my mouth and it irritates my tongue and leaves me thirsty afterwards.
- I hate Anglo-Saxon facecloths...they are just square?? In Belgium and other European countries they form a little bag as they are stitched together at 3 sides....sooooo much more practical. Why don't they get adopted in the rest of the world? I don't get it.
- I love the Belgian historic cities! You should all come and visit them. So many beautiful buildings! Sometimes I get so thrilled and proud to live where I live.
- I learned to play the flute...but if I could do it all over, I'd probably start playing the oboe. It seems a much more mysterious instrument.
- I'm quite demanding for myself and other people. That's not my best characteristic.
- My writing always seems to be too lenghty. I have difficulty to make brief concise writing. I always elaborate. I rephrase and give examples. Even though I am afraid I bore people, even though I love to read concise messages, I don't manage to be concise myself .
Sunday, January 27, 2008
Saturday evening I went to a concert from Hans (Van Cauwenberghe) in Temse together with my sister and our men. Luckily she had reserved our tickets as the amazing turnout of more than 30 people made the little polyvalent hall in the youth center almost a bit crowded :p.
But it was really fun concert though. The small crowd allowed Hans to interact well with his audience and created a houseroom atmosphere as if he was playing especially for us. Dutch songs full of feeling with a lot of attention to the accoustic music and with a lot of humor. We even got treated with slices of homecooked pizza that got distributed all along. Incredible!
But Hans always gives me a bit the feeling that he plays specifically for us as he always seems so truthfully happy to see us there. Either he's a great actor (which he is of course) or he sincerely is happy to have us in the audience. He even signed our CD's with a "to my neighbour girl" as he traditionally names us after all those years. When his band had to sign as well, they wondered how many neighbour girls he had in the audience...just 2 as a matter of fact on Saturday :-).
It's not like I've know Hans that well, as with 13 years in age difference he was studying for his exams while I was playing with my dolls in front of his house. I've seen him acting a banana in the garden while I was lurking through the window and I crossed him multiple times in the neighbourhood marching with big moves on bare feet on the middle of the street while studying his roles by heart. Did I already mention that he cultivates a healthy level of insanity??
Even though he's not quite a 'BV' (famous Flemish), I was quite proud to see him act for years in one of the most popular tv soaps on tv, ...as if I have any contribution in his career. It's cool to say to your friends in school that this actor is your former neighbour.
And while I pretend here to be his biggest fan ever, I must in all honestly admit that we hadn't seen him performing in years except occasionally on tv. But now that he started up a new band under his own name Hans and he came to play in my sister's town...we just had to go.
It is getting more and more confusing for me though as I see flashes of his dad while he's performing. It switches back and forth from his dad to himself...which is absurd since I've never seen his dad perform like that at all. Funny how people can look physically so much like their parents.
I can recommend the tour! Next Tuesday is the cultural center in Bierbeek the place to be! Check it out.
- the kitch,
- the ballads,
- the novices still singing out of tune,
- the flashy dresses,
- the harsh jury critics and their adorations
- the hyperactive enthousiasm of Bart Peeters
- the gossips that will appear in the media soon
- ...
I love Eurosong. I do. Great to spend a Sunday evening brainless searching for our own personal favorites. So what did tonight bring?
=> a very stereotype Eurovision song contest song mixing Celtic and Eastern influences into one big melting-pot. Lots of calculation has been happening here, but I kinda liked it.
=> 2 teenagers bringing a pop-song with contageous enthousiasm
=> Brahim bringing a good soul song. Very weird experience to see him without head though!
=> a gothic song missing the rock and being terribly out of tune. Why on earth is Katrina such a fan of her?
=> an SM act with electro-pop that certainly would draw attention and that much to my surprise doesn't sound to bad (despite my dislike for Betty). Funny kitch!
Hmm I voted for the last :p
PS: Eurosong is hot already in blogging land. Here's the impressions from Kerygma and Michel Vuylsteke.
Hup Heineken Hup
But just before noon we found that the "put-up or shut-up" deadline had been extended once again by 24 hours. Hmm no news yet. The googling could stop and we could go back to work :p.
When I arrived at work on Friday morning I expected not to find any news before noon either, but much to my surprise the announcement was already on our intranet and all the newspapers.
So what was destined to happen was no confirmed:
"the Carlsberg and Heineken consortium made a formal offer of 800 pence per share to take-over S&N and the S&N board of directors had agreed and recommended the bid. "
You can read about it here, here, here and here (in Dutch), and here, here, here and here (in English).
If my boss ever reads this: sorry I didn't make my planning last Friday. Somehow the remainder of the day was filled by
- colleagues coming by and talking about getting taken over by Heineken,
- by a meeting (combined with a 5-country conference call ) with 2 of our international S&N IS directors that are based in Belgium so they could share the information they had about the concortium and the next steps to all of their IS teams.
- by a general personel information session by our French CEO showing the same Heineken, Carlsberg slides and the next steps
We learned that it will still take 3 up to 5 months before the deal and take-over will be closed, because all kinds of legal matters need to be taken care off and the EU commission needs to study all competition situations in each country involved etc... That is if no 3rd party makes a higher offer in the mean time. And afterwards it'll take a year to split S&N between Heineken and Carlsberg. Pfff I fear that all new projects will be on hold for a long time before they can be launched. :( :(
All in all, everyone remained rather calm in Belgium (especially after our CEO promised not to start selling 'karnemelk' in the cantine...whaaahaa he's funny). We had all seen it coming and now we're waiting to see what happens next. We didn't have to deal with the emotions as the Scottish who see one of the last remaining Scottish firms disappearing from the London Stock exchange and the last UK owned brewery going to foreign hands. Personally I see change as an opportunity for new projects and I hope they come soon. I hope Heineken will prove to be a dynamic firm.
And now I have to start training to get rid of our Belgian automatism to make very insulting jokes about Dutch beer and some brands starting with an H. Oh gosh that is not going to be easy! ;)
Tuesday, January 22, 2008
I must gooooo!
Please take into account that the toilets will have no water either during those 4 hours".
Sunday, January 20, 2008
Will I change employer next week or not, ..that's the question?
I sure have my nose in the newspapers this week!
What I could have blogged about last week
So you missed potential blog posts about :
- A very cosy cheese fondue evening with my cousin visiting us.
- A system user at work being so frustrated that her computer frooze again and took it out at me and threw down her phone receiver in the middle of the conversation....after which I felt pretty angry and went over to her desk to tell her not to react so childish when I was trying to help her. ...after which I still remained pretty pissed off for another while nevertheless.
- the time that I walked to the coffeemachine at work in the late afternoon and heard a lot of water falling in the men's bathrooms and saw water starting to flow into the hallway. Nice to find out at time or I might have arrived the next morning at a flooded desk :p.
- the frustration that cleaning new windows takes much much longer than anticipated and also the joy of having 'clean' new windows.
- the fact that I am still reading after Jan 10 in "the road to Mecca'. We've been already through Andalusia, Marocco, Algeria and Libia.
- the second episode of Spam wasn't as funny as last week. Maybe it was due that I wasn't so dead tired anymore as the previous week and therefore not so giggly about everything.
- Jan has baked terrific Greek olive bread sandwiches. Mmmmm. I want more of them!
- ...
Wednesday, January 16, 2008
Although I am not working on any major project right now, the day-to-day ad-hoc follow up of thousands little things at work keep me much busier than planned.
I have tons of thoughts racing through my head lately making it rather unclear and I can't distill any structure in it.
My nose is running slightly, but it's not like I am having a cold yet.
I can't keep up with all of your posts, my feed reader is exploding.
The pictures I wanted to post about Bruges will not get posted tonight either.
I guess I am a bit quiet online lately. Oh well, so be it... I am off to bed now! Have a good night of sleep.
Friday, January 11, 2008
I was reading on January 10th!
During my Christmas vacation I took the time to read 'The Kite Runner'. I started the year reading "Sold" from Zana Musen. It tells her shocking life story when she was growing up in Birmingham but got sold by her dad and was forced to live for 8 years against her will in Yemen before she managed to escape.
After 2 books about islamic countries with rather shocking stories , I decided to balance it off with yet another book about the islamic world. Why not make it a theme winter, right? Believe me, after this, I'll be back to a good simple "who dunnit" detective without too much sense of realism ;).
But now I am enjoying "De weg naar Mekka" (the road to Mekka) by Jan Leyers. He is a Belgian singer mostly known from the succesful group Soulsister. Some of you might know "The way to your heart" from Soulsister which even got high in the US hit charts! After Soulsister dissolved, he started a solo career as singer-song writer but he also became a tv host of talk shows and cultural programs. (by the way Soulsister just reunited and is going on tour again!)
After 9/11 Jan Leyers rode his motorcycle following the route taken by one of the Crucades as a TV documentary "De schaduw van het kruis" (the shadow of the cross). His style is a bit like Michael Palin but with more interviews. I read that book and really enjoyed it and found it very educational and entertaining.
In 2007 his travels through the islamic world are broadcast on tv in a succesfull tv series where he meets ordinary people in the street in all the countries but also interviews imam's, professors, visits koran schools, etc etc... He tries to learn whether we are really dealing with a clash of cultures or not. It was very very interesting so when the book was published this fall....I bought it for Jan.
And now I am reading it before he even got a chance. After my islam horror stories in the 2 previous books, I figured it'd be nice to get a more balanced view on the islamic countries by reading this book myself. I've not progressed very much, but it's very interesting. I really like his smooth writing style, the descriptions of the places he visits and the people he meets.
Too bad for the Englishspeaking, but the book is not translated in English yet! But I recommend it to those who can read in Dutch!
Aaaah, it's great to discover good new tv programs!
Wednesday, January 9, 2008
Before and After
Tuesday, January 8, 2008
Thank you Jenn for this big bloggie kiss! And all of you in that bloglist on the right hand side....consider yourself bloggie kissed as well.
Double Glass
And this time we paid them to plaster as well, as we didn't feel like getting into our plastering habits anymore ourselves. They'll finish off tomorrow.
Double glass, more warmth, less noise....wooohoo.
I have already introduced Looking into in the past: a joint venture photoblog of Allison at Soccer Mom in Denial and Jenn in Holland. Each day they continue to share their beautiful view on the world.
Last month they've already published one of my pictures and today I am the guest photographer at Looking into once more. Please go and check it out over there!
Monday, January 7, 2008
- 250% over 20 years is more than an average inflation indeed
- 5000€ is not something you can throw on the table just like that
- we have one of the highest tax levels in the world (2nd place after France?) and we expect something in return
- ....
- But can we maybe realise how lucky we are to live in a country where qualitative studying is affordable for almost everybody without getting totally ripped off ?
Sunday, January 6, 2008
American presidential candidates
I already found an interesting Dutch tool to determine your own personal "compass" for the American elections. Apparently I should vote for John Edwards. His position is somewhere in the middle of all the liberals, who seem to position themselves quite closely to each other whereas the republicans have more differrences among themselves. At least, according to this tool. I have no idea how accurate it is, but it's interesting as a first introduction.
Saturday, January 5, 2008
Nemo 33
Smile...you're on camera
Thursday, January 3, 2008
New Year's Dive in Scheveningen
This year there were 10000 of them in Scheveningen (there are more dives elsewhere in the Netherlands but Scheveningen is the main one) and there were 2 crazy Belgians that joined them in the frenzy....and 2 Belgian women and kids watching from a safe far distance ;).
The atmosphere and wacko music was ready
The sponsor was present
Splash splash splash Brrrrrr
Are these the 2 brave Belgians??
New Year's Eve in The Netherlands
We had a splendid evening with loads of excellent seafood, champagne and fun little kids to play around. It was a very relax evening among friends, exactly as I had expected it to be.
The entire evening there was already fireworks in the neighbourhood going off. So we had to teach the children that this was a fun thing; that it was nothing to be afraid off in order to prepare them for the inferno that would burst loose at midnight. With every boom we enthousiastically cheered "yeaaah fireworks!". We know that in the Netherlands, just about everybody launches heavy fireworks. There are strict regulations, stricter than in Belgium, which results in a Dutch invasion in Belgium in December in any shop that sells fireworks. In Belgium there is also ever more fireworks launched by citizans in the street but it is not yet comparable with what happens in the Netherlands at all.
When the clock had struck 12 and all the wishes and kisses had been exchanged we got out of the door to enjoy the spectacle. People nextdoors were rolling out a few meters of bombthingies in the middle of the road, after which they set the thing on fire. Cars driving by had to simply avoid the fireworks on the street. Those bombthingies were rather popular, other neighbours had them as well later on.
A couple of houses further on the other side, one after the other great professional looking fireworks were launched from a bottle at 2 m in front of them on the sidewalk. Nutters, what if it falls down at the moment of getting launched???? Across the street one big cardboard box of fireworks after another got unloaded from the back of a car. There surely isn't an economic crisis in the Netherlands if they can buy so much fireworks! It was fun but I must really admit that I did not always feel at ease at all. With the smoke in the air and light flashes near and far and sizzling sounds coming by, I sometimes wondered how different this really was from a city getting bombed (thinking back at CNN images of Sarajevo or Bagdad or something). Only people wouldn't be there outside cheering with a glass of champagne in their hand as their reality would be a little different than ours!
If you don't believe me, also check out Jenn's testimony of her fireworks experience in the Netherlands!
And you know what the biggest wonder was: while some explosions were so loud that I ducked down and lost half of the champagne in my glass, the toddlers in the house slept through it all!


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Web Seminar Recap: Social Media for Small Businesses
You constantly hear how important a strong online presence is to any type of business, including small, localized businesses. But these smaller businesses have neither the budget nor manpower of larger companies such as Starbucks and Wal-Mart. Nevertheless, with a little research and proper preparation, any small business can garner successful online engagement.
On June 21st Social Media Director for Shelten Media, LLC, Joseph Havey, presented the free web seminar, "Social Media for Small Businesses." In this one-hour presentation Joseph covered the six most popular social media channels and provided tips on how a small business can use each channel effectively. From Facebook to WordPress, subtle nuances exist between platforms, and participants learned how to tailor content to each online location.
Also covered:
- How to pick which type of social media outlets are best for your small business
- Examples of small business that are effectively utilizing social media
- How to analyze your social media efforts and adapt your strategy
You can listen to a complete recording of this presentation at aspeevents.webex.com. Select "View Event Recordings" in the top right corner. You can also download your own copy of the presentation by visiting our Web Seminar Archives.
Learn to Maximize Your Business and Sales Potential through Twitter, Facebook, Youtube, Linkedin and more. Check our 3-day, hands-on Social Media Boot Camp or click here to receive more information on ASPE-ROI's digital marketing training and services.