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Pilot Study for Assessing the Viability of Using Online Course Evaluations at California State University Sacramento
- Merry Perkins
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1 1 Pilot Study for Assessing the Viability of Using Online Course Evaluations at California State University Sacramento A Proposal from the Electronic Course Evaluation Task Force: Interim Report October 8, 2009
2 2 Introduction Sacramento State conducts a majority of their student teaching evaluations using paper and pencil. The practice of collecting teaching evaluations using paper and pencil has come under question. In particular, it is argued that collecting teaching evaluations in this manner is costly (Miller, 1987), demands large amounts of staff time to collect and process the forms (Kronholm, Wisher, Curnow, & Poker, 1999), delays feedback to the faculty (Layne, DeCristoforo, & McGinty, 1999), consumes large quantities of storage space (Donmeyer, Baum, Hanna, & Chapman, 2004), and is environmentally unfriendly (Anderson, McCain, & Bird, 2005). In fall 2008, the Directors for the Center for Teaching and Learning (Kimo Ah Yun) and Academic Technology and Creative Services (JP Bayard) submitted an interest query to the Provost ( Joseph Sheley), Associate Vice President of Academic Affairs (Mike Lee), and Faculty Senate Chair (Bruce Bikle) on the creation of a Course Evaluation Task Force to design and conduct a pilot study to assess the viability of providing faculty the ability to collect their teaching evaluations in an online format at Sacramento State University. In this query, it was made clear that the proposed Task Force would focus on the medium used to collect teaching evaluation data and not the items that departments use for their instructor teaching evaluations On invitation from the Faculty Senate Chair, during the spring 2009 semester, Dr. Ah Yun and Dr. Bayard attended several Faculty Senate Executive Committee meetings to discuss their query. Initial meetings revealed that the Executive Committee had some recommendations in the formation of a task force and subsequent development of a pilot study, these recommendations included: 1. The need to include Task Force members that represented the Faculty Senate, Faculty in general, Department Chairs, and Students. 2. The need to ensure that appropriate communication on any proposed pilot study would occur with appropriate representatives from Human Resources (HR) and the California Faculty Association (CFA).
3 3 3. Faculty participation in the pilot study should be voluntary. 4. Department RTP documents would need to be consulted to ensure that only eligible (per item 3) faculty members would be selected to participate in the pilot study. 5. Securing the collected data would be imperative. Given the above considerations, the Executive Committee supported the formation of a formal Task Force to be named the Electronic Course Evaluation Task Force (ECETF). The Faculty Executive Committee further recommended that the Task Force be minimally composed of individuals who at the time represented the Curriculum Policies Committee, Faculty Policies Committee, along with faculty, student, and a department chair representative, and that an interim report on the proposed pilot study be presented to Faculty Senate Executive Committee and the Faculty Senate in fall 2009 prior to commencement of data collection. At the behest of the Faculty Senate, A nine person Task Force (which was increased to 11 by the task force to include a second student representatives and an AITC technical support member) was created and subsequently received approval. The ECETF was formed with the following Task Force members that represented the most relevant university groups related to the collection of teaching evaluations, including:
4 4 Electronic Course Evaluation Task Force Members Kimo Ah Yun Jean Pierre Bayard Wendy Cunningham Doug Jackson Kathryn Kay (replaced in Summer 09 by Jesse Cuevas) David Lang Raymond Pina Ann Stoltz Harry Theodorides Jennifer Underhill Jing Wang Director, Center for Teaching and Learning, Co Chair ECETF Director, Academic Technology and Creative Services, Co Chair ECETF Faculty Policies Committee AVP for Information Resources and Technology ASI VP for Academic Affairs Curriculum Policies Committee Manager, AIT, Academic Technology and Creative Services Chair, Nursing Faculty, Kinesiology and Health Science Student, Department of Sociology Director, Office of Institutional Research Upon receiving support from the Senate Executive Committee to pursue the designing of an electronic evaluation pilot study, the Co Chairs of the Electronic Course Evaluation Task Force presented to the Faculty Senate in spring 2009 their proposed pilot study. Similar to the Executive Committee, some concerns of the proposed pilot study were voiced. These concerns mirrored those made by the Executive Committee and included concerns about the need to (1) receive feedback from HR and CFA on the proposed pilot study prior to data collection, (2) assess any potential RTP concerns with using electronic evaluations, and (3) guarantee that any data collected in the pilot study would not be used in faculty members RTP files. Near the end of the spring 2009 semester, the Faculty Policies Committee (FPC) discussed concerns related to conducting a pilot study on online teaching evaluations. FPC communicated that their concerns included: (1) The need for the ECETF to elicit direct feedback from UARTP, CFA, and HR regarding concerns or issues they might envision with the pilot study and moving toward using online
5 5 evaluations and (2) the need to design the pilot study so that the online course evaluation results would only be used for data purposes and not to evaluate faculty. Taking into consideration feedback from the Faculty Senate Executive Committee, Faculty Senate, and the Faculty Policies Committee, the ECETF began meeting in the spring 2009 semester and continued to meet throughout the summer. While meeting in the summer, the ECETF was contacted in June 2009 by Faculty Senate Chair, Anthony Sheppard via a memorandum. In this memorandum, he noted that a collective bargaining agreement was reached between the CSU and the CFA that addresses the implementation of online evaluations. Pursuant to this agreement he noted that, The CFA will be invited to meet and confer with the ECETF, with the invitation to be coordinated by the Office of Human Resources. The remainder of this document is devoted to describing the use of online teaching evaluations, identifying good practices for conducting evaluations, and a presentation of the proposed pilot study that is scheduled to be executed at the end of the fall 2009 term. To date, this document has been reviewed by the Faculty Senate s Executive Committee and the UARTP Committee of the faculty senate and the co chairs has met with each of these groups to answer questions from these groups. Both the Senate Executive and the UARTP Committee unanimously voted to support the proposed pilot study as presented in this document. Benefits, Drawbacks, and Questions of Electronic Teacher Evaluations Literature on shifting teaching evaluations online identifies the potential benefits and drawbacks. Benefits include: timely student feedback to instructors, reduced use of class time devoted to conducting evaluations, increased time for students to complete evaluations, greater number of written comments from students, lower costs associated with the process and increased opportunities for students to complete evaluations since windows of completion can be created that allows students
6 6 up to two weeks to complete the. In contrast, some disadvantages include lowered student response rates, need for computer access to complete the evaluations, and the risk that electronic evaluations will be less secure than paper evaluation forms (Anderson, McCain, & Bird, 2005). Given that student response rates tend to decrease when teaching evaluations are shifted from a face to face format to an electronic one, implementation research has focused on indentifying which strategies maximize student response. Of course, the employed strategies range from being rather draconian to being substantially more relaxed. For example, universities that value full student participation have gone so far as to require students to complete their teacher evaluations in order to enjoy continued access to their Learning Management System (LMS). The strategy to block LMS access is extremely successful at obtaining student compliance, but some of the collected data has been called into question as some students may simply click buttons to access the LMS without paying attention to what they are doing. Another example of a draconian approach is to prevent course registration for the subsequent semester unless students have submitted their course evaluations. At the other end of the LMS blocking spectrum is a more passive approach. In instances in which the implementation strategy is to simply make students aware that the teaching evaluations are online and students are required to log into a central site to complete their evaluations, research reveals that response rates in the twenty percent range can be expected. Most college and university implementation strategies fall between the most and least strict models as described above. It has been found that when students receive e mail messages to a link to conduct their teaching evaluations, are reminded on several occasions by their teachers to complete the teaching evaluation, are informed by the faculty member that their teaching evaluation feedback is valuable to the teaching process, and are reminded by e mail to complete the teaching evaluation if they fail to do so at the mid point of the data collection period, that the response rate nears those of
7 7 paper and pencil rates. Further, when incentives, such as slight increases in their grade, or opportunities to win prizes in a raffle for their completion of teaching evaluations, are made available, the response rate tends to be slightly higher than rates of current paper and pencil formats. In light of the current fiscal crisis Sacramento State faces, if online teaching evaluations are more cost effective while providing equally good or better data from the student, then such a move should receive careful consideration. With respect to costs for paper and pencil evaluations at Sacramento State, the current process requires the printing of thousands of pages of evaluation forms, purchasing of scantron forms and pencils, human hours to collect and send the data to IRT, and IRT resources to process, calculate, and mail teaching evaluation reports to each faculty member and department. To date, one study attempted to estimate cost savings of shifting from paper and pencil to online evaluations (Kronholm, Wisher, Curnow, and Poker, 1999). In this study, it was estimated that paper evaluations were approximately 30 times more costly than online evaluations. Given the obvious cost saving of moving from paper and pencil to online teaching evaluations, Sacramento State could save significant dollars. Based on a careful reading of the literature, taking into account information received from the Senate Executive Committee, Faculty Senate, and discussions within the ECEFT, the following list of pros, cons, and issues that were deemed particularly relevant at Sacramento State was composed (see Table 1).
8 8 Table 1. The Pros and cons of online course evaluations in comparison to the traditional face-to-face course evaluations Pros Cons Issues/Questions Security of the submissions with students being authenticated in the campus LMS (SacCT) Security of the data given that departments get a copy of the electronic data, with the original submission remaining on the server Complete anonymity - No possibility of instructors recognizing students handwriting Access to the evaluation data very quickly, as soon as course grades are submitted, and in time to impact next semester s course design Cost reduction for departments and the University in the administration and processing of the evaluations Save on storage space No need to store evaluations GREEN Saves paper Flexibility allows for students to complete the evaluation at their leisure. Even if they miss class they can participate. Lower return rate. Students could complete the evaluations together, which may impact how they answer. System technical reliability. Getting students to submit their evaluations (return rate) outside class time How will students be blocked once they have completed the survey? How will the data be secured? How will the data be analyzed, and who will analyze the data? The need for faculty buy-in Responding to student concerns for privacy and anonymity The need to change the culture to support online student evaluation processes Verifications of submissions? Having all students potentially submit an evaluation, including those who have not been attending class. Faculty choosing when to administer the survey. Do we need a back-up option in case the online system fails? What is the time frame for completing the evaluation? Should the University have a
9 9 single time frame, or should it vary by course? If the process will rely on the list to be set up by IRT, how accurate and up to date will the list be? This list was used to guide the design of the proposed study in order to minimize any potential problems. It also ensures that the test of an online teaching evaluation system at Sacramento State is undertaken in the most rigorous fashion, and that the highest quality of data is used to assist in future decisions on the use of online teaching evaluations. Using Online Teaching Evaluations The use of online teaching evaluations is spreading in colleges and universities throughout the country. Cited as being at the forefront of collecting teaching evaluations, Drexel University shifted from paper and pencil to online course evaluations in the academic year. Initial research on the impact of such a move revealed that the response rate decreased. Follow up research suggests that colleges and universities need not sacrifice dramatic decreases in their response rates. For example, Columbia University in their initial test of implementing online teaching evaluations achieved response rates of 85%, which match most current universities paper and pencil response rates. Although the Drexel and Columbia University data provides a starting point to consider the impact of shifting teaching evaluations to an online format, their data does not provide sufficient comparison groups between face to face and online teaching evaluations. Two studies helped to illuminate the expected effect on completion rates of traditional versus online evaluations. In a study conducted on 2,453 students at Georgia State University in which students were randomly assigned to either a traditional paper or pencil versus online evaluation condition, it was revealed that the response
10 10 rates for in class participants (60.6%) were higher than those in the online format (47.8%). However, most important, the average ratings for faculty members did not differ across the selected mediums (Layne, DeCristiforo, & McGinty, 1999). This study also revealed an unanticipated effect. Their data revealed that the students in the online evaluation condition provided a substantially greater number of comments about their educational experience than those in the paper and pencil condition. Another typical study on the impact of shifting from a paper and pencil to an electronic format was conducted at California State University, Northridge. In this study, 16 faculty members were assigned to have one of his/her sections evaluated in class and the other evaluated online (N = 696). In the online evaluation condition, faculty members were also assigned to one of four treatment conditions, which included: (1) A very modest grade incentive (one quarter of a percent), (2) demonstration by teacher of how to complete the online evaluation, (3) ability to receive early final grade feedback from the instructor, and (4) no information or incentive. Results revealed that the grade condition (87%) had the highest response rate, followed by demonstration (53%), feedback (51%), and the no information or incentive condition (28%). Overall, the results indicate a response rate difference from the paper and pencil format (75%). However, consistent with most research comparing teacher ratings between those conducted using paper and pencil versus and online format found no differences in teacher rating scores amongst any of the online treatments groups compared to the paper and pencil control group. While the potential change from a paper and pencil format to an online one at Sacramento State deserves careful consideration, general data trends suggest that a shift would be unlikely to yield detrimental effects on faculty members or the university. Within the CSU system, there are a great number of instances in which individual faculty members and departments have already shifted to online evaluations without major difficulty. In fact, San Diego State has already shifted all of their
11 11 teaching evaluations to an online format and discussions, with individuals associated with tracking these data reporting that the transition was smooth and the data is usable. On the Sacramento State campus, online evaluations are currently used. For example, the department of Nursing shifted exclusively to the use of online teacher evaluations several years ago. Findings from this department reveal a drop in response rates, but no differences with respect to individual teacher evaluation ratings. While Nursing is the only Sacramento State department to fully make use of online evaluations, there are numerous faculty members from other university units, such as the College of Education, College of Arts and Sciences, and The College of Business, who currently use some form of online evaluations. In these other units, the process appears to work and no major issues have been noted.although comparison data is not readily available for these units in their use of electronic evaluations, anecdotal data suggest that such a system is viable for use at Sacramento State. A proposed Pilot Study The ECETF proposed pilot study was designed using feedback from Human Resources, Faculty Senate Executive Committee, Faculty Senate, and ECETF discussions. In particular, the proposed design was created to include important elements, such as: 1. No evaluations used in this pilot study will be part of any faculty member s file 2. Maximization of representation of faculty from as many colleges as possible 3. Faculty participation is exclusively voluntary 4. No faculty participants are allowed if their RTP document precludes the use of non paper and pencil evaluations, or mandates the inclusion of all course evaluations in their RTP file, 5. Include representation of small, large, seminar, and activity classes
12 12 6. Select a sufficiently large enough sample to address issues of generalizability. Study Protocol. The design of the study is such that selected faculty participants will self identify classes to be evaluated for the fall 2009 semester in an electronic format. These evaluations will serve as the estimate for values in the experimental condition. For comparison purposes, faculty teaching evaluation scores in the experimental condition will be compared to evaluation scores by the same faculty member teaching the same class in semesters that shall not exceed four semesters prior to semester in which they are participating in the pilot study. In the event that a faculty has taught the same class multiple times in the last four semesters, the most recent teaching of the class will serve as the control comparison. Methodology. A stratified sample of faculty will be used. The courses will be selected based on the type of course (lecture, seminar/discussion, activity and lab), the size of class (25 or less and over 25 students) across six colleges. Because the College of Engineering requires all of their classes for all faculty to be evaluated, no College of Engineering Faculty are used in the proposed pilot study (see Table 2 for a display of the distribution of courses offered in fall 2008 by type, size and college). Table 2. Distribution of courses offered by types across colleges in Fall 2008 College Class Size Course type ALS BUS ED HHS NSM SCI Total <= 25 1 lecture seminar activity lab Total % 44.3% 1.4% 13.3% 17.3% 14.4% 9.3% 100.0% over 25 1 lecture seminar activity lab Total % 31.4% 11.4% 8.2% 16.5% 13.1% 19.4% 100.0%
13 13 All Grand Total % 38.3% 6.1% 10.9% 16.9% 13.8% 14.0% 100.0% This design will require the use of 40 classes for the experimental condition so the sample size will be about 1% of all classes. The selected classes are intended to match the distribution of all classes of each college by size and type in fall 2008 in order to better represent the population. In particular, the proposed classes for Arts and Letters (n = 16), Business (n = 3), Education (n = 4), Health and Human Services (n = 7), Natural Sciences and Mathematics (n = 5), and Social Sciences and Interdisciplinary Studies (n = 5) is proposed for inclusion in this study (see Table 3).
14 14 Table 3. Class selection by College for proposed pilot study. Pilot Model ALS BUS ED HHS NSM SCI Total <= 25 1 lecture seminar activity lab Total % 45.8% 4.2% 12.5% 16.7% 12.5% 8.3% 100.0% Over 25 1 lecture seminar activity lab Total % 31.3% 12.5% 6.3% 18.8% 12.5% 18.8% 100.0% Target Grand Total % 40.0% 7.5% 10.0% 17.5% 12.5% 12.5% 100.0% Sample Size 40 sections 0.98% Check Match Small Class 1.5% 2.7% 0.8% 0.6% 1.9% 1.0% Match Large Class 0.1% 1.1% 2.0% 2.2% 0.6% 0.6% Total Match 1.7% 1.4% 0.9% 0.6% 1.3% 1.5% A comparison analysis will be conducted between the online and paper evaluations for the same faculty member. The outcomes are (1) student response rate and (2) the mean score of student rating for each faculty. The Chi Square Test and T Test will be used to determine whether there are differences between the paper and electronic evaluations. A conclusion could be reached that electronic evaluations are equally effective as paper evaluation if there are no significant difference between the two formats in terms of response rates and mean rating scores. All data will be analyzed by the Office of Institutional Research. Recruitment of faculty was solicited through an e mail in May 2009 to department chairs asking for faculty volunteer participants. This initial request yielded approximated 40 faculty volunteer
15 15 members. After applying the volunteer requirements some faculty volunteers were deemed ineligible. To complete the needed 40 faculty participants, volunteer participant recruitment was and continues to be undertaken by ECETF members. Method of deployment. This pilot will build upon the experience and practice of delivering electronic course evaluations at Sac State using the software, Flashlight. Version 2 of Flashlight offers many security features that alleviate the concerns mentioned earlier. Flashlight uses SSL, which is the current commercial standard to protect data by encryption over the internet. Access to the survey databases is limited to authorized personal only by means of a username and password. The data center that physically contains the survey database is physically secured and data is backed up nightly should the need arise to restore information. Student anonymity is maintained as the system does not associate the student identifiers with the data results. The evaluation delivery process will be as follows: 1. A participant list will be provided by the Task Force to ATCS. 2. Existing course evaluations will be converted to an electronic format. 3. Respondent pools will be created for each survey, including student addresses. 4. A template message (describing how the evaluation will be delivered) will provided to each faculty member that can be sent to each student or posted in SacCT. 5. Course evaluations will be sent by message to each student and the message will include a unique url (each student receives a distinct url). The evaluation will be available for a 2 week period. 6. Midway through the evaluation period, an reminder will be sent to each student who has not completed the evaluation. 7. The evaluation data will be sent to the authorized department contact. Evaluation data will also be provided to the OIR for the purposes of this report. No evaluation data will be provided prior to faculty submitting their final grades. Data storage. The original data set will be held by Academic Technology & Creative Services (ATCS), and a digital copy will be provided to the Office of Institutional Research (OIR). All data will be reported in aggregate form. No connection between individual faculty members and any of the teacher
16 16 evaluation ratings will be reported. Further, only the Directors of OIR and ATCS will be privy to a complete data file that links faculty with their teaching evaluation ratings.
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Silkscreen Printing Singapore
Silkscreen printing, also know as screen printing, is a popular method for applying designs on t-shirts. Direct silkscreen printing is the preferred method for printing high quantity orders. It works like a stencil, in which the artwork is burned unto a mesh and empty areas are covered with an impervious chemical. After which, ink is applied and pushed through the mesh, onto the t-shirt. There are 3 types of silkscreen prints – direct silkscreen, indirect silkscreen and reflective silkscreen prints. Depending on your artwork details, we will choose the most suitable type to print your artwork on your choice of apparel.
Ark Industries: Your Custom Printing Specialist
The team at Ark Industries believes in delivering quality products to each of our customers. Since 2005, the Ark Industries brand is one of quality assurance and great customer service. With an experienced team, we are able to understand the needs of our customers and are able to work with customers to create custom designs within limited time. We ensure that the artwork file used for silkscreen printing is of high quality and the colours chosen will look vibrant on your apparel.
Ark Industries Products Range
We have a wide array of products available at Ark Industries. Choose amongst unbranded or branded apparel for your corporate logos or artwork to be printed on! Our brand partners include international brands such as adidas, Taylormade, Yupoong Flexfit, Under Armour and Puma.
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subset: commoncrawl


text: Barriers are created all the time on software projects (by organization layout, role definition, project management, or indiscriminately) that keep developer knowledge separate. Sometimes these barriers are referred to as silos. We can create better teams and products for our organizations if we can break down these silos – or if particularly scrappy, blow them up.


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The ride must go on.
Designed to take the edge off of cold-weather rides, Sugoi's RS Zero Long Sleeve Jersey delivers the warmth and wind-resistance that year-round cyclists need while building winter base miles or racing in Flemish weather. Grab it to stay warm and dry while you build your own heat in tough conditions.
By strategically pairing thermal fabric panels with wind-resistant ones, Sugoi ensures you have both warmth and protection from the wind on your ride, without trapping heat once you start to warm-up. Breathable MidZero fabric on the back and sides holds a layer of heat next to your skin, while Firewall 180 on the sleeves and chest blocks wind and a light drizzle, if needed. And with its slim fit, the RS Zero gives you the option to pair a range of baselayers with it, from merino in fall to barely-there polyester in late spring.
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Right up to the last minute, the danger was that the Climate Change Conference in Durban would end in fiasco or in an agreement so vague as to be meaningless. Instead, when hopes of a global deal looked dashed, European nations – acting with a degree of unanimity over climate change that seems absent from their deliberations on the eurozone – pulled off an agreement that gives new cause for optimism.
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It's funny that I've seen a couple of sources say that the copper mug "helps keep the mule super cold". In fact, copper has a very high thermal conductivity... meaning it is not a good thermal insulator. The copper mug will feel very cold to the touch, because the heat from your hand is flying into your drink at an amazing rate. Copper is actually horrible at keeping your drink cold and glass is far superior. But 'tis all in the touch of the cup holder who perceives it as being 'colder'.
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SARASOTA, Fla. -- Reports of a possible grenade on the ground in a Sarasota parking has brought out the bomb squad in Sarasota for the 2nd day in a row.
The suspicious package is in the parking lot of an office building at the corner of S. Tamiami Trail and Grove Street, just one block north of Weber Street.
Tamiami Trail is still open to traffic at this time.
On Monday, the bomb squad was called to Swift Road in Sarasota due to a suspicious chicken head object in the road. That item was destroyed without incident.
**UPDATE** -- Authorities say the grenade was a novelty piece and not active. The device was destroyed as a precaution.


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Re: George Betty,Warren, SC
In reply to:
George Betty,Warren, SC
Hello cousin!I am a descendent of George Betty, too, through his son Isaac (George being my 5x-great-grandfather). :oDPlease don't mind my excitement here--I've been looking for information on this rascal until I'm blue in the face!
It looks, though, like you may know a whole lot more about him than I do.Info I've gleaned says that George Betty was born in Warren (and for some reason I have NC, not SC) about 1742 but I don't have anything to verify that yet.I have been in contact with someone, though, who may be able to.
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Re: George Betty,Warren, NC
Dianne Agee 11/05/02


text:
Friday 12 October 1951
It was Friday, under the sign of Libra. The US president was Harry S. Truman (Democratic).
Famous people born on this day include Bernie Ruoff in West Germany Canadian Football League kicker (Winnipeg Blue Bombers and Darryl Anka.
The Desert Fox: The Story of Rommel, directed by Henry Hathaway, was one of the most viewed movies released in 1951
while The Caine Mutiny by Herman Wouk was one of the best selling books.
On TV people were watching Foreign Intrigue.
But much more happened that day: find out below..
You can also have a look at the whole 1951 or at October 12 across the years.
Old Newspapers
Have a look at the old newspapers from 12 October 1951 and get them!
Which were the most popular movies released in the last 30 days ?
TV Series
Which were the most popular TV series released this week ?
Find out your future
Get a FREE Numerology report based on the digits of 12 October 1951!
Wish him/her..
Historical Events
Which were the important events of 12 October 1951 ?
- El Dia de la Raza - Latin America.
- French Republican Calendar - Chanvre (Hemp) Day, twenty-first day in the Month of VendTmiaire
- Columbus Day (traditionally) - United States.
- Spain - Hispanic Day, National Day
- Malawi - Mother's Day
- Equatorial Guinea - Independence Day (from Spain, 1968)
- Also see October 12 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
- RC Saints - Our Lady of the Pillar (Zaragoza, Spain); Saint Wilfrid
- St. Fiace
- Roman festivals - Fortuna Redux, last day of the Ludi Augustales
- St. Domnina
- St. Seraphinus
- St. Amicus
- St. Edistius
- Bl. Camillus Constanzi
- St. Edwin
- St. Wilfrid
- St. Felix and Cyprian
- St. Heribert
- St. Maximilian of Lorch
Famous Birthdays:
- Bernie Ruoff in West Germany Canadian Football League kicker (Winnipeg Blue Bombers: Hamilton Tiger Cats).
- Darryl Anka: American mystic, a channeler who has been the voice of Bashar, an extraterrestrial consciousness since 1983.
- Sally Little: Cape Town, South Africa -- LPGA golfer (1982 Dinah Shore).
- Ed Royce: American businessman and politician.
Famous Deaths:
- Simon Kimbangu / Kibangu: Congo prophet, dies in captivity at 62.
Music Charts
Which were the top hits in that special week of October 1951 ?
Top #1 songs in the USA
Search For Your Ancestors
Subscribe to our Newsletter
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...and if 12 October 1951 was your Birth Date then Join our Birthday Club!
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Which were the most popular books released in the last weeks ?
Remember when
What videogames would you be playing back in the days ?


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NEIGHBORHOOD REPORT: CHELSEA; At Pier 62, Start of Plan For Riverfront
By MARVINE HOWE
Published: September 12, 1993
It doesn't look like much: a bleak stretch of asphalt with volleyball and basketball courts, picnic tables and an information kiosk. But the new playground on Pier 62 at 23d Street is the first sign that after two decades of controversy, including the killing of Westway, plans to revitalize this section of the Hudson River waterfront are moving closer to reality.
The Hudson River Park Conservancy, which will eventually manage the redeveloped waterfront from the Battery to 59th Street, installed the playground. And as limited as it is, it still attracts residents of the area, people who work nearby and summer campers from the local Y.
Every Sunday afternoon, Tom Schuler, armed with beach chair, newspaper and fruit, heads for the playground. "It's my favorite all-purpose park where you can meet neighbors, play Frisbee or just sit and watch all the boats go by," said Mr. Schuler, who lives at 23d Street and Ninth Avenue.
If the last hurdle -- approval by the State Transportation Department -- is cleared this fall, a privately financed $50 million rebuilding of the Chelsea Piers could start in November. On Piers 59, 60 and 61, now home to parking lots and the film studio where the NBC television series "Law and Order" is shot, plans call for two glass-enclosed ice skating rinks, film and television studios, an urban golf club, indoor jogging track and gymnasium, three waterfront retaurants, a two-and-a-half-acre park and a long public esplanade.
But the Chelsea Piers project still faces opposition. Marcy Benstock, the environmental advocate who led the successful fight against Westway, does not support the plans. Her chief objection is that management of Chelsea Piers --along with the whole riverside project -- would be under the supervision of the Hudson River Park Conservancy, a subsidiary of the state Urban Development Corporation that she says is an autonomous agency "not accountable to the public." Her Clean Air Campaign and three other civic groups are suing to shift responsibility to public agencies.
But many Chelsea residents who supported Ms. Benstock on Westway disagree with her about Chelsea Piers. "Any presence is better than the present wasteland," said Sybil Taylor, a writer, who now bikes to Battery Park for a waterfront view. MARVINE HOWE
Photo: Stephen Williams working on some basketball moves as he played on a court at Pier 62 at 23d Street in Manhattan. (Edward Ornelas for The New York Times)


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by Kari
(Tacoma, WA, USA)
I thought I'd be able to handle the eventual day that my mom would pass. There was no long build up to the day; mom had a stroke and two and a half weeks later she died. I thought I was prepared to handle it. That wasn't to be. It's been six years now and it hurts worse every year; it hasn't gotten easier for me yet.
My childhood was bad. Dad left. Mom had to raise all seven kids at home by herself. Since dad was retired military, mom wouldn't divorce him, this was to ensure we'd still have all the freebies it offered. Even though mom and dad bought our house when we were transferred out west, we were dirt poor. Dad was an abusive drunk who tried to kill us all on several occasions. After he left, mom took on the role of abuser. She beat me and one brother habitually even though there were two of us girls and five boys still living at home then. I tell myself it was the burden of carrying on all the responsibilities by herself that rendered her us un-tolerable. This is when I began feeling hated and disregarded. I was made fun of at school for being unclean and for wearing raggedy clothes. Because of this, I had no friends at school or in the neighborhood.
In the 1970's I was a teenager. I rebelled. Mom softened towards me and I really don't think she wanted to put forth the energy to notice what I was up to. I taught myself hygiene, how to dress 'cool', and I hung out with bad/cool kids. Well, I became pregnant by 16, and was a mama by 17. I moved out, supported myself with odd jobs and low pay and a bit of help from my baby's father. Mom finally showed some concern. What? I had to get a baby so to speak to finally receive respect from mom? Even back then those thoughts hurt.
Fast forward, I've raised four daughters. Holidays, birthdays, all occasions I included my mom. My girls loved her dearly, and mom loved them. I've always told my girls I love them, and vice-a-verse. They never have to question it. But looking back at my siblings and mom, the word was never said. Between my daughters and I we made her respond with an 'I love you', so often it would have made the former version of 'mom' cringe. She soon would say it every time we ended a conversation on the phone. Which by the way, I think is the hardest part of letting her go. Mom would call me daily, sometimes several times. Inevitably, almost everyday when I was about to sit at the dinner table with my family, mom would call me. Sadly, I once told her not to call so often because when she'd pass away one day I'd miss her calls. It makes me cry when I think of how I'd get upset with her for the bad timing. But the funny thing is that she kept on calling anyhow. God only knows how much I want those calls from mom now.
I forgot to mention how mom had apologized for the anger, harm and grief that she brought me as a child. She said if she could do it my childhood over, she would do so much more for me, and that she'd be a better mother. I believe she sincerely meant it.
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Definition of the noun Aitch
What does Aitch mean as a name of something?
noun - plural: aitches
- Latn-def, en, name, H, h
- Aitch is a fictional character from the 2000 film Sexy Beast.
- in the film "Sexy Beast", played by Cavan Kendall
- Aitch is a fictional film character.
- in the film "When I'm 64", played by Peter McNamara
Printed dictionaries and other books with definitions for Aitch
Click on a title to look inside that book (if available):
The Oxford Dictionary of Idioms (2005)
by Judith Siefring
aitch. drop your aitches:seeDROP.
humorous Alarm aisle aitch Aladdin .
A Dictionary of Modern English Usage (1994)
by Henry Watson Fowler
The original spelling is ache, but aitch (drop one's aitches) is now universal. alteh -bone. H-bone, edge-bone, ash- bone, & other forms, are due to random shots at the etymology. Aitch-bone, though it does not reveal the true origin of the word ...
The Diner's Dictionary (2012)
Word Origins of Food and Drink by John Ayto
aitch bone A cheap and rather bony cut of beeffrom the hindquarters ofthe animal, close to the point where its tail emerges. This cut is seldom encountered nowadays, and its name is no longer widely recognized, but the ...
Phytochemical Dictionary of the Leguminosae (1994)
by Frank Bisby
Aitch. Geographical distribution Asia: Burma; India; Java; Malaysia; Pakistan; Taiwan; Thailand Descriptors Herb; perennial; climbing; conservation status insufficiently known Botanical sources R.M.P. (1993) Taxonomy van der Maesen, L.J.G. ...
CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names (1999)
Common Names, Scientific Names, Eponyms, Synonyms, and Etymology by Umberto Quattrocchi
" Aitchisonia. Hemsley. ex. Aitch. Rubiaceae. Origins: ...
CRC World Dictionary of Grasses (2006)
Common Names, Scientific Names, Eponyms, Synonyms, and Etymology - 3 Volume Set by Umberto Quattrocchi
Aitch.; Chionachne barbata (Roxb.) Duthie, nom. illeg., non Chionachne barbata (Roxb.) Aitch.; Chionachne barbata (Roxb.) R. Br.; Chionachne koenigii (Spreng.) Thwaites; Coix arundinacea Lam.; Coix arundinacea J. König ex Willd., nom.
The Routledge Dictionary of Modern American Slang and Unconventional English (2009)
by Tom Dalzell
3, 1949 aitch noun 1 hell US, 7950 A euphemism.
Oxford Dictionary of English Idioms (2010)
by John Ayto
agreement ahead aid air aisle aitch Aladdin alleclear alley ally along alpha alphabet altar analyrir ancient angel. agreement a gentleman's agreement: see GENTLEMAN. ahead ahead of the game ahead ofyour competitors or peers in the ...
Dictionary of obsolete and provincial English (1857)
by Thomas Wright
Aitch, s. (A.-S.) An ach, orpain; a paroxysm in an intermitting disorder. Var. dial. Aitch-bone s. The edge-bone (os innominatum). Var. dial. Aitchorning.s. Gathering acorns; acorning. Chesh. Aith, s. (A.-S. a<S.) An oath. North. Aithe, s. Swearing.
The English dialect dictionary (2004)
by J. Wright
AITCH, sb. w.Y ks. [ eatfl A mantelpiece. w.Ylts. The universal name for a mantelpieee in the villages about Wakefield and towards Leeds (S.O.A.). [Possiny this word is a peculiar use ...
Online dictionaries and encyclopedias with entries for Aitch
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Photos about Aitch
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- Oh Aitch Pee
Taking it back to the old school.
Photo credit: MadAdminSkillz
- Aitch to Owe
Universal solvent
Photo credit: xcorex
- Aitch Pi's Tipi
Photo credit: cowbite
- TEDxUWLaCrosse - 2015 - Ruthann Aitch
Photo credit: tedxuwlacrosse
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Quotes about Aitch
Couldn't select: You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MariaDB server version for the right syntax to use near 'aitch"" IN BOOLEAN MODE) LIMIT 1,1' at line 1
Scrabble value of A1I1T1C3H4
The value of this 5-letter word is 10 points. It is included in the first and second editions of the Official Scrabble Players Dictionary.
Anagrams of AITCH
What do you get if you rearrange the letters?
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text:
10 Dr Seuss Board Books Lot Bright & Early Thomas the Train Baby Toddler Suess
- Sold for: Start Free Trial or Sign In to see what it's worth.
- Item Category: Books, Paper & Magazines
- Source: eBay
- Sold Date: Oct 18, 2013
- Channel: Auction House Sell similar item on eBay
This auction is for a lot of Dr. Seuss or Bright & Early board books. These books contain great stories that you will read over and over.The books in the lot are: 1) Are You My Mother? 2) Hand, Hand, Fingers, Thumb 3) Put Me in the Zoo 4) Ten Apples On Top! 5) Go, Dog, Go! 6) There's a Wocket in My Pocket! 7) Go, Train, Go! 8) Mr. Brown Can Moo! Can You? 9) Blue Train, Green Train 10) Stop, Train, Stop! They will be mailed next business day by media mail after payment is received. Please look at our other book auctions. We gladly ship items together to save you money.


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The tiny Pacific island of Saipan, capital of the US Commonwealth of Northern Mariana Islands, has never been known as a gambling mecca before, or much of anything for that matter. That is about to change. The isolated territory's new Best Sunshine Casino, located in a storefront at the end of a duty-free shopping strip, has posted the best casino revenue figures in the world this year. So good, in fact, the figures are off the scale.
Best Sunshine Casino opened its doors for the first time a little less than a year ago with forty tables and big ambitions. In a statement issued at the time the casino said it hoped to make Saipan "the mecca of global travelers with a gnawing hunger for a new brand of entertainment and leisure."
A tall order it would seem for a destination few global travellers will have heard of, let alone plan to visit, but yet Best Sunshine appears to have accomplished its goal against all the odds.
Despite its small size, the parent company of Best Sunshine, Imperial Pacific (of which so far Best Sunshine is its only casion property) has posted revenues of HK$1.3million (£135,000) per day in 2016. This figure absolutely dwarfs the daily revenue stat for Wynn Macau of just HK$203,000 (£20,800). In fact it is dwarfs the daily revenue figure of all of Macau's casinos combined. An amazing accomplishment for such a tiny player, and one that is invariably attracting unwanted attention.
Mark Brown, CEO of Imperial Pacific scoffs at any hint of misdoing by his firm. He attributes his firm's trouncing of Macau heavyweights to under-reporting by casinos in the Chinese gambling capital. "We are very transparent," he tole Bloomberg recently. "We don't want to do anything to break the law."
Brown earned his spurs in the industry by starting as a dealer in Atlantic City working for the recently elected US President Donald Trump. He obviously learned a lot from his mentor to oversee £308 billion of revenues in a first year of a casino's opening.
Imperial Pacific have grand visions for Saipan, including a string of new Chinese and European themed resorts. And the company is incredibly well connected in Washington beyond Brown's history in the Trump organisation. Former CIA director James Woolsey joined the board earlier this year, joining senior military judge Eugene Sullivan. Since then Imperial Pacific has also hired a string of well connected advisers, including former FBI director Louis Freeh, former governor of Pennsylvania Ed Rendell, former governor of New York David Paterson, and former governor of Mississippi and Republican National Convention chairman Haley Barbour.
If Imperial Pacific do attract unwanted regulatory interest from their sky-high revenues, at least they'll have some of the best advice available for a company registered in a US dependency. And in the mean time, with HK$170,000 per VIP table coming in every day, it looks like Imperial Pacific and Saipan's stock are set to rise for the foreseeable future.


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Former Newcastle coach and player Lee Clark has given an upbeat interview in the Mirror today and he talks about Rafa Benitez and how he is busy transforming Newcastle United into (hopefully) an English powerhouse again.
Lee was part of Kevin Keegan's great team of entertainers in the 1990s and that along with the five years Sir Bobby Robson was at the club were times when everybody associated with Newcastle were pulling in the same direction.
Rafa Benitez at St. James' Park yesterday against Vitesse
That's what's happening now with the fans, the owner and Lee Charnley right behind the manager – and Lee is clear that Rafa was the best summer signing Newcastle have made for some time.
Here's what the 43 years-old manager of Kilmarnock had to say today:
"Without a doubt, the best news this summer was that the club was able to keep the manager."
"The powers-that-be have then let Rafa do it his way – and I think they realized they had to do that – because otherwise people would have voted with their feet."
"It was a make-or-break summer. If they had interfered, insisting on this or that, it could have been the final straw."
"But now we are in the position at Newcastle of having a manager, the fans and the owner all pulling in the same direction."
"If Rafa can harness that momentum – and the club has to do the hard work and get out of the Championship – then there could be special times again."
"I have been a part of Newcastle United when the whole place has been truly united. All working off the same page. It was an incredible time."
"It's an unbelievable feeling to be part of something like that because the goodwill can snowball." "However, for it to continue, the manager needs to be left to make footballing decisions."
"I think the warmth and passion of the fans helped convince him that Newcastle United can be a genuine force in English football again."
"They stretched open their arms to him and he has returned that embrace by agreeing to stay – even though the club was relegated."
"If he is the one who turns it around, he'll be doing it his way." "And whatever happens before that transfer window closes, it won't change one thing – that Benitez was the best signing of the summer."
Mike Ashley and Lee Charnley have it right at the moment as they are simply supporting what Rafa wants to do with the squad and with the club.
They cannot go far wrong, especially after all the disasters of the last nine years.
They simply have to continue their 100% support of the world-class manager in everything he wants to do at Newcastle.
If they can do that and not interfere then we could have a top side again in two or three years time – or less – and a top modern day club too with the best facilities of any club in England.
Leave Rafa alone and he is completely and utterly motivated to win trophies at Newcastle.
That cannot be bad.


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Fit Mum Feature: Rockell Williamson
Posted on 28 April 2014
For the month of May we want to shine light on the extraordinary strong, confident and happy women that are Fit Mums. From juggling play time to packing lunches and finding time to maintain their toned and trim physiques, these mums are true fitsporation. We caught up with some of our favourite fit mums including Xtend Barre international director, Rockell Williamson. Rockell is the amazing mother of two gorgeous boys, we find out what she teaches her kids about living an active life and what her mother taught her.
1. What's the one thing your mum always taught you about living an active life?
We grew up on a farm so I wasn't so much 'taught' about living an active life it was just how our life was. I rode horses every day. Helped with chores around the farm. We didn't watch very much TV. We always had great conversations at dinner where the food was simple but nutritious. We got up and got out and about. I danced most days after school and when I wasn't dancing or riding horses I was running around with dogs or on my bike. I never saw my mum (or dad) be lazy and to this day they are both very active and hard workers. I think without knowing they instilled a great work ethic in me and moving your body was a part living a great active life.
2. Your mum is a… Inspiring mum. (cancer survivor. Encouraged me to chase my dreams. Is one of the most generous human beings I know on every level.)
5. What do you love about being a mum?
I LOVE that as a mum I get to share my life with 2 of the greatest little kids.....to think I grew them in my tummy constantly amazes me. I love that they teach me every day, I teach them and we all teach each other.
6. What are the three most important things you teach your kids about being healthy & active?
a) Experimenting. They are really great at trying new foods and understanding why in our family we choose not to eat other foods or eat some things only occasionally. They get it and I love that they try and share this info with the other kids at school. We also talk about how eating well can protect your body from getting sick.
b) Starting the day happy. It's part of how we live a healthy life beyond what we eat.
c) Why Fitness is important. They see me on the reformer in my office or doing things at the ballet barre and they are curious about it and want to try things or learn why it is good for your body.
7. What are some healthy snacks we can find in your kids lunch boxes?
Roasted nori. Nuts and dried fruits. Avocado on wholeweat bread or plain rice cakes. Fresh fruit. Good quality cheese with a rice cracker.
8. How do you spend time with your kids that is fun & active?
The boys love to take little hikes. My youngest dances and in Summer we spend lots of time in the pool.
9. What are your top 3 active "mum on the go" pieces from Vie Active?
Am I allowed 4? ;) Lori Bra for Support. Rockell leggings in any print. Lisa tank (I wear this to workout or with my jeans). Phoebe Jacket in black leopard.
10. What are your three top tips on living an active life with kids?
a) Inspire by example. Eat and Move your body how you want them to take care of their.
b) Enrol them in sports to see what they really like or see what the school offers. We have a milers programme at our school and the kids run laps of the oval and win prizes when they reach goals.
c) Go on adventures. Pack up the car with scooters and bikes and go explore different places. they learn about nature and new places while being active and happy.
11. Being a mum is... experiencing an unexplainable love that comes deep from in your heart. It's an earthed love, deep in your gut and every fibre of your body. You know you could move heaven and earth to protect or help them. It's also the hardest, yet most rewarding thing I have ever done in my life. I have 2 amazing kids. Blessed!


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Reader: Quit Turning Denver Into a Graven Image of New York or L.A.!
The future Hudson Hill.
Mark Antonation
There's a lot of action these days on Capitol Hill, with much of it centering on East 13th Avenue and Pearl Street, which is about to see three new bars. One of them is Hudson Hill, a concept brought to Denver by Jake Soffes, a New York native who moved to Denver two years ago and decided to take his fourteen years of service-industry experience to the next level by opening his own place. Soffes told Mark Antonation that Capitol Hill reminds him of Williamsburg, and he wants to create the kind of space he was fond of in that Brooklyn neighborhood as well as the East Village bars and eateries where he worked. But one reader isn't impressed. Says Gregory:
Send his hipster ass back to New York. Enough of this bullshit already. Quit turning Denver into a graven image of NY or LA.
Steve offers a more realistic welcome:
Good luck! Even sleaze bars don't make it on 13th & Pearl.
What kind of bar do you think could make it at 13th and Pearl?
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Denver, 80203
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Compared to last week, feeder cattle and calves over 600 lbs sold mostly 5.00-15.00 lower with instances 20.00 lower late in the week. Lighter-weight calves traded unevenly steady to 5.00 lower for the most part.
Live and Feeder Cattle futures this week continued its flush out mode with bears pretty emboldened as the big money traders in the funds are ruling the day. With the funds heavily involved in the market it brings much risk when they want to vacate their positions. This has been a market that fluctuates in price and can carry a lot of emotion from one week to the next and when markets go to the extreme no wants to be in front of the freight train. Last week cash and future prices were looking in the opposite direction as feedlot sales were mostly 4.00- 5.00 higher and the Live Cattle futures lost over 5.00; since last week the February Live Cattle contract has declined over 10.00 and the June Live Cattle contract is trading in the 147.00 range with breakeven much higher than that. This is making the yearling feeder cattle market very uneasy and feeling the pressure and hinting that prices are now descending the back-side of the mountain top.
Calf demand remains very good in many areas as farmer buying and backgrounders were active to purchase grazing cattle for spring. In Russell, IA on Monday sold over 400 head of 600-650 lb steers averaging 621 lbs sold with a weighted average prices of 274.06 and the 500-550 lb steer calves averaging 531 lbs sold at an average of 304.91.
Boxed Beef prices continue to climb this week as choice product closed at 263.81 on Wednesday a new record high eclipsing the previous record on July 31, 2014 of 263.66. The market has been worried about consumer beef demand for a long time but so far demand has held up as the American consumer has revealed the willingness to pay for meat prices.
Waning beef demand warnings cannot be substantiated at this time but there is much competition from other meat proteins and consumer preference will be a key with growing potential for disposable personal incomes bodes well for meat protein spending. This week's auction volume consisted of 63 percent over 600 lbs and 39 percent heifers.


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Pyrex Sex: Paige LittleFavorites [+]
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Running Time: 45 minutes
Released: 06/2012
Studio Name: Spungy Gunk Films
Series: Pyrex Sex
Director: Gerald Saunders
Description: Oh Paige Little, so sweet and little! That sexy body of hers, is so nice! Look as she literally jams the pyrex dildos into that wet pussy! Listen as she begs you to pound your cock for her!
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its like, you want to pee in her butt.
but you're a bit concerned that doing so could cause her to involuntarily go to the bathroom on your penis.
which is just plain disgusting.
She looks like that broad you see waiting to pick her kid up at school that you want to bang, but not date, because you just KNOW that she never shuts up.


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We arrived at Punta Cana Airport. The ingress was interesting. $10 per person Tourist Visa fee (Make sure you have cash). There was about a 30 minute ride to the hotel. The driver the hotel set up was great. He spoke acceptable English and told us about the local culture. At the main hotel we were greeted by staff who walked us to the Cayena Beach Club (CBC).
Check-in was a breeze. Throughout the stay we were politely greeted by staff and asked if they could be of assistance. The CBC is a more exclusive section of the VIK Arena Blanca. It has a restaurant (that serves a tasty breakfast, lunch and dinner from a menu), bar and pool area. As a guest of the CBC, you are able to use the VIK Arena Blanca's facilities.
It is suggested you do not drink the faucet water. Bottled water is provided and housekeeping will leave you as many bottles as you ask for.
I am a SCUBA diver and used the on-site Pelicano Sport (which is a chain of dive shops in the Dominican) for 5 dives. The staff was wonderful. They explained the dive sites and guided us around. Safety briefs were held before we headed out each morning.
My fiance', who is not a diver, chose to lay out on the beach and take in the magnificent beach atmosphere and drink the bottomless local drinks (Pina Colada con rum).
I live in Southern California. We have nice beaches and water here, but there is NO comparison.
We went to the on-site spa for a pedicure... Not impressed.
The casino is about a 200 yard walk from the front of the hotel. It was small, but took my money just as well as any large Vegas casino could!!
I was initially concerned about safety. When I got there I learned that the tourist industry is the largest source of revenue for this country. Therefore, tourist safety is paramount.
Final words... I will be going back!!!
- Official Description (provided by the hotel):
- Standing next to the VIK Hotel Arena Blanca, this hotel enjoys an outstanding location overlooking the beach of Bávaro. The Hotel Cayena Beach is an exclusive part of the complex, designed with the most discerning guests, like you, in mind ... more less
- Reservation Options:
- TripAdvisor is proud to partner with Travelocity, Hotwire, Cheap Tickets, TripOnline SA, Cancelon, HotelQuickly and Evoline ltd so you can book your VIK Hotel Cayena Beach reservations with confidence. We help millions of travelers each month to find the perfect hotel for both vacation and business trips, always with the best discounts and special offers.


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Member since 9/1/2013
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Reviews & Stories
SubQ. Restylane, Very Positive Experience - Therapie, Dublin, Ireland
I have had juvederm and perlane filler before and got SubQ administered in Dublin by a well know cosmetic doctor who appears on TV in Ireland from time to time to discuss cosmetic surgery . Anyway he used a a different type of mechanisim to inject the sub Q. He placed a tiny like tube in then injected into this, this was to stop the sharp needle causing scaring, bruising etc.. I was give a... READ MORE


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California Employment Law
Have California Employment Law Questions? Ask a Lawyer.
what i am saying is she spoke to me about this 2 weeks ago and now
she is saying that she is about to fire me.Let me give you a little history
that i have with this company the managers there have come to my home at 3:00 in the morning cause they did not have anyone to cover
the shift and they always left a key for me since i was comming from
my other job so since she seen me comming out of a room she says
thats grounds for being fired can she fire me for something that i was given permission to do and if so shouldnt she be following protocol
which is 2verbals first and 3 write ups and then termination
I am not sure but i think its at will and i dont think that i signe the hand
book or the manager because i havent had a reveiw in 6 years so i really
dont know
yes it is
Please see the edits below:
When an employer states protocol and policies that need to be followed in an employment handbook that creates an implied contract. If your employer then deviates from that policy and you are terminated as a result, you can sue your employer for breach of contract.


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Mumbai, May 9: Chris Gayle smashed an unbeaten 82 to help his team secure a comfortable victory over Mumbai Indians at the Wankhede stadium in Mumbai.
[Scorecard: MI vs RCB]
Highlights of Mumbai Indians vs Royal Challengers Bangalore:
# With two overs to spare, RCB stand-in skipper Virat Kohli smashed a six to finish it off in style.
# With two back-to-back wins, Bangalore jumped to fourth spot with 13 points.
# Mumbai Indians remain at third position with 14 points.
# Chris Gayle retained the Orange cap with 515 runs after scoring an unbeaten 82 off 59 balls smashing six sixes and five boundaries.
# Chris Gayle was adjudged man of the match, his 10th in IPL.
# Chris Gayle hit the 500th six in IPL 5.
# Chris Gayle has smashed more sixes (37) than fours (33) in IPL 5.
# Royal Challengers Bangalore scored 50 runs in 8.6 overs.
# Royal Challengers Bangalore scored 100 runs in 14.1 overs.
# Bangalore restricted Mumbai to 141/6 in 20 overs.
# Mumbai wicketkeeper-batsman Dinesh Karthik top-scored with a steady 39-ball 44 hitting three fours and a six.
# Muralitharan, Vinay Kumar and Harshal Patel claimed two wickets apiece.
# Mumbai Indians scored 50 runs in 10.2 overs.
# Mumbai Indians scored 100 runs in 15.3 overs.
# Mumbai smashed three sixes and 12 fours in their innings.
# RCB pacer R Vinay Kumar struck twice in his first over to dismiss James Franklin (1) and Rohit Sharma(0).
# Muttiah Muralitharan claimed two consecutive wickets of Dwayne Smith and Dinesh Karthik.
# Both teams have an equal record in nine games totally, with five wins to Mumbai Indians.
# Royal Challengers Bangalore have the worst economy rate in this tournament with 8.74.
# Mumbai Indians have the highest runs per wicket average with 21.80.
# Three wins out of seven have come off the last-ball for Mumbai Indians. They also snatched a 1-run win against Kings XI Punjab.
# Mumbai Indians are the slowest scoring team with a strike rate of 114.27.
# RCB pacer R Vinay Kumar struck twice in his first over to dismiss James Franklin (1) and Rohit Sharma(0).


text: Nuance Communications, Inc. (NASDAQ: NUAN) announced today that it has signed a definitive agreement to acquire Quantim ®, the Health Information Management (HIM) business of QuadraMed, a provider of leading information technology solutions for the healthcare industry. Working closely with industry partners, including electronic healthcare record (EHR) providers, Nuance and Quantim will ease healthcare providers' transition to ICD-10, while preserving clinician productivity and document workflows and, most importantly, ensuring the quality of patient care. Quantim provides hospitals and healthcare organizations with software and services that maximize HIM professionals' productivity while ensuring appropriate financial reimbursement to the institution. With the government-mandated transition from ICD-9 to ICD-10 codes, healthcare providers face unprecedented complexity in their clinical documentation and coding strategies. ICD codes, which serve as the foundation for financial reimbursement, are set to increase from 17,000 diagnostic and procedural codes today to more than 155,000 codes over the next two years. Every healthcare provider in the U.S. is affected by this change, and Nuance, together with Quantim, will assist customers through this critical transition and through future clinical documentation and coding challenges. The integration of Nuance's clinical language understanding (CLU) technology with Quantim's computer-assisted coding (CAC) solution will fuel a more efficient coding workflow and speed related reimbursement. An automated, integrated coding solution will support clinician productivity during the transition to ICD-10 for providers and preserve document workflows and the quality of care. "Nuance has a track record of delivering disruptive innovations in healthcare, particularly when it comes to helping providers overcome major challenges like ICD-10," said Janet Dillione, executive vice president and general manager, Nuance Healthcare. "We are excited to welcome the Quantim customers and staff to the Nuance team, and look forward to working together to create an innovative solution to help providers address critical productivity and reimbursement challenges associated with clinical documentation and coding."