text:
Assuming you survived your submersion in Idol download numbers in my earlier post, there's more fun to be had with the figures. For instance, let's take a look at the theme nights, week by week, starting from, well, the start. We can also track the standings of the finalists, from a sales standpoint.
1. Diana Ross/Supremes Week
Jordin, If We Hold On Together: 11,000 downloads
Blake, You Keep Me Hangin' On: 9,600
Melinda, Home: 1,600
Gina, Love Child: 1,000
LaKisha, God Bless the Child: 800
Sanjaya, Ain't No Mountain High Enough: 800
Chris R., The Boss: 600
Phil, I'm Gonna Make You Love Me: 600
Brandon, You Can't Hurry Love: 500
Chris S., Endless Love: 400
Stephanie, Love Hangover: 400
Haley, Missing You: 300
Total (rounded): 28,000
Total (minus Jordin & Blake): 7,000
Comments & disclaimers: Most of Jordin and Blake's performances are still available from the Fox Idol site, unlike those from everybody else, so they've got a built-in advantage above and beyond their reigning status. It should also be stated up front that sales preferences do not necessarily equate to voting preferences in any way, shape or form. Voting for a contestant and buying one of his/her downloads are clearly different impulses, as you can see from the differing magnitudes of the numbers (25-30 million votes, and far above that later on, vs. 28,000 sales, more as we go on. But you get the idea).
Still, interesting to see that Brandon, who is in bold type (as will be each eliminated contestant), sold a few more than Haley, Chris S. and Stephanie, all of whose imminent doom is foreshadowed in these numbers. Sanjaya and Gina, also fated to finish outside the top half, score pretty well in the sales realm.
OK, even though the number of contestants will keep diminishing as we go on, this is clearly going to be another marathon post, so hit the "continue" button to see how it breaks down.
2. British Invasion Week
Jordin, I (Who Have Nothing): 44,000
Blake, Time of the Season: 39,000
Gina, Paint It Black: 2,600
Melinda, As Long as He Needs Me: 2,000
Sanjaya, You Really Got Me: 1,500
Phil, Tobacco Road: 800
Chris R., Don't Let the Sun Catch You Crying: 700
Chris S., She's Not There: 700
Haley, Tell Him: 700
LaKisha, Diamonds Are Forever: 700
Stephanie, You Don't Have to Say You Love Me: 500
Total: 93,000
Total (minus Jordin & Blake): 10,000
Much greater interest in this show, mostly because Jordin's song was her early breakout and was repeated on the semifinal show, and Blake's was also a big one for him. Still, the numbers are better even factoring out the top two. Stephanie's rank is no surprise, but it's odd to see LaKisha bunched at the bottom with Haley and the two Chrises. Sanjaya's still riding relatively high, and Gina, whose Paint It Black was just plain woeful, is way up there.
3. No Doubt Songs & Influences Week
Blake, Love Song: 13,000
Jordin, Hey Baby: 12,000
Gina, I'll Stand by You: 6,000
Melinda, Heaven Knows: 2,000
Chris R., Don't Speak: 1,000
Phil, Every Breath You Take: 1,000
LaKisha, Last Dance: 700
Haley, True Colors: 600
Sanjaya, Bathwater: 500
Chris S., Every Little Thing She Does Is Magic: 400
Total: 37,000
Total (minus Jordin & Blake): 12,000
Blake edges ahead of Jordin for the first time, but neither of these are among their most popular tracks, although both are still available. The non-Jordin/Blake total is slightly up from British Invasion Week, though, almost entirely owing to Gina's freakish total for I'll Stand by You (as noted earlier, the best week for any track not sung by Blake or Jordin). Who would have known that she was next on the chopping block?
Sanjaya's sales were thrown out with the Bathwater, a sizable plunge, and Chris Sligh's dispirited trudge through the Police song, his exit performance, brings up the rear.
4. Standards Week
Blake, Mack the Knife: 7,600
Jordin, On a Clear Day: 4,600
Melinda, I Got Rhythm: 1,900
Gina, Smile: 1,300
Chris R., Don't Get Around Much Anymore: 700
LaKisha, Stormy Weather: 600
Sanjaya, Cheek to Cheek: 300
Haley, Ain't Misbehavin': 200
Phil, Night and Day: 200
Total: 17,000
Total (minus Jordin and Blake): 5,000
Ouch. Apparently the Idol downloading audience has no strong love for the Great American Songbook. The last three totals (Sanjaya, Haley and Phil's) are the lowest recorded for any Idol track. Phil took a major nosedive (one-fifth of his Gwen Week total) and Gina lost almost the same percentage ... and her place among the finalists.
5. Latin Week
Blake, I Need to Know: 23,000
Jordin, Rhythm Is Gonna Get You: 5,800
Melinda, Sway: 2,900
Chris R., Smooth: 1,300
LaKisha, Conga: 1,000
Haley, Turn the Beat Around: 800
Sanjaya, Besame Mucho: 700
Phil, Maria Maria: 500
Total: 36,000
Total (minus Jordin and Blake): 7,000
Thanks to Blake, who takes a whopping lead over Jordin this week for reasons inexplicable to me, the total for the week improves. Sanjaya continues to fail to sell downloads, and Phil teeters on the verge of extinction for the second week, but Chris R. makes progress and Melinda runs away from the rest of the also-rans.
6. Country Week
Jordin, A Broken Wing: 52,000
Blake, When the Stars Go Blue: 31,000
Melinda, Trouble Is a Woman: 2,500
Chris R., Mayberry: 2,200
Sanjaya, Something to Talk About: 1,000
Phil, Where the Blacktop Ends: 900
LaKisha, Jesus, Take the Wheel: 600
Total: 90,000
Total (minus Jordin and Blake): 7,000
Country Week almost tops British Invasion Week, with Jordin applying the big sales punch, tromping Blake in the head-to-head competition. Chris R. joins Melinda in the next stratum, while LaKisha demonstrates that redoing former Idols' songs is an idea without great appeal to downloaders. Sanjaya improves but is snuffed out in the popular vote.
7. Idol Gives Back/Inspirational Songs Week
Blake, Imagine: 18,000
Jordin, You'll Never Walk Alone: 11,000
Melinda, There Will Come a Day: 2,700
Chris R., Change the World: 1,200
LaKisha, I Believe: 800
Phil, The Change: 600
Total: 34,000
Total (minus Jordin and Blake): 5,000
Way down from Country Week, but remember, people had a ton of performances from the Wednesday Idol Gives Back special available for download as well (Carrie, Kelly, etc.), so it's not surprising the current Idols slumped. Although Jordin's You'll Never Walk Alone was praised highly, it didn't come close to Blake's widely panned Imagine in downloads. Phil fizzled, and LaKisha, not content with proving the don't-sing-former-Idols'-songs axiom once, went and did it again, with similarly dismal results on a Fantasia tune.
8. Bon Jovi Week
Blake, You Give Love a Bad Name: 192,000
Phil, Blaze of Glory: 5,700
LaKisha, This Is Not a Love Song: 3,500
Chris R., Wanted Dead or Alive: 2,600
Jordin: Livin' on a Prayer: N/A
Melinda, Have a Nice Day: N/A
Partial total: 204,000
Partial total (minus Blake): 12,000
Here's where the data gets skewed. Blake's huge sales (Bad Name is the biggest Idol track of the year so far) mostly came later -- he redid the song in the finals and it was selected as his emphasis track after that. And, as noted earlier, Jordin and Melinda's songs just don't appear in the SoundScan system, for whatever reason. LaKisha rebounds excellently and Phil's best numbers (second best for anyone who isn't Jordin or Blake) doesn't save him from being part of the double elimination with Chris R.
9. Bee Gees Week
Jordin, To Love Somebody: 16,000
Blake, You Should Be Dancing: 12,000
Melinda, How Can You Mend a Broken Heart: 2,300
LaKisha, Stayin' Alive: 900
Missing: The second Bee Gees song by each performer
Total: 31,000
Total (minus Blake and Jordin): 3,000
Not a favorite week among downloaders. Jordin regains supremacy over Blake, and LaKisha slides to the bottom.
10. Judges'/Producers'/Performers' Choice Week
Blake, This Love: 38,000
Jordin, Wishing on a Star: 12,000
Missing: all three of Melinda's songs, Roxanne and When I Get You Alone by Blake, She Works Hard for the Money by Jordin (who also redid I (Who Have Nothing).
Total: 50,000
No contest this week, saleswise -- Maroon 5 all the way.
11. Finals Week
Jordin, This Is My Now: 177,000
Missing: Jordin's Fighter, Blake's She Will Be Loved and This Is My Now. Jordin also redid A Broken Wing, Blake redid You Give Love a Bad Name.
Since most of Bad Name's sales came after this broadcast, it's doubtless the top show for generating sales.
Leaving the last two weeks out of it, here are the rankings for the theme weeks, in case any Idol officials want to get a head start in planning next season's themes:
1. Bon Jovi: 204,000 (much less if Blake's totals are credited elsewhere, but more if Melinda and Jordin had sales to add in)
2. British Invasion: 93,000
3. Country: 90,000
4. No Doubt, etc.: 37,000
5. Latin: 36,000
6. Inspirational: 34,000 (probably would've been higher without IGB competition)
7. Bee Gees: 31,000 (hampered by having only four available selections)
8. Diana Ross: 28,000
9. Standards: 17,000
And, just to add more bulk, the Idols ranked by total sales (plus EPs where available) and average sales per track:
1. Blake: 382,000 + 41,000 for EP
2. Jordin: 344,000 + 45,000 for EP
3. Melinda: 18,000 + 2,200 for EP
4. Gina: 11,000
5. Chris R.: 10,000 + 500 for EP
6. Phil: 10,000 (slightly less unrounded) + 300 for EP
7. LaKisha: 9,700 + 400 for EP
8. Sanjaya: 4,800 + 400 for EP
9. Haley: 2,600 + 100 for EP
10. Chris S: 2,500
11. Stephanie: 900
12. Brandon: 500
Not too different from the actual vote-based rankings. Blake outsells Jordin, interstingly. Gina's the outlier, scoring way up in sales compared to her 9th-place finish. Sanjaya and Haley drop a notch and LaKisha loses three places.
Average per track
1. Blake: 38,000
2. Jordin: 34,000
3. Gina: 2,700
4. Melinda: 2,200
5. Chris R.: 1,300 (thanks, catchThat, for, well, catching that. Corrected now in the other post)
6. Phil: 1,300
7. LaKisha: 900
8. Chris S.: 800
9. Sanjaya: 800
10. Haley: 500
11. Brandon: 500
12. Stephanie: 400
(apparent ties broken by more exact, less-rounded averages)
Nashville-based Brian Mansfield began writing about music for USA TODAY in 1997 and took over Idol Chatter just before the start of Season 8. He co-authored Make Me a Star: Industry Insiders Reveal How to Make It in Music, and while he has never auditioned for American Idol, he did sing Boot Scootin' Boogie at Disney World's American Idol Experience the day the attraction opened (he lost). More about Brian | E-mail Brian


text:
Relationships among sense of coherence, resources, and mental health in urban and rural residents in Japan
Disease epidemiology - chronic
The salutogenic model states that coping resources are defined within sociocultural and historical contexts and that various social and historical factors influence the availability of such resources. Though previous studies have suggested the need for an interregional comparison of psychological and social resources, few studies have undertaken such an investigation. The aim of this study is to investigate the associations among coping resources, sense of coherence (SOC), and health status in a comparison of urban and rural residents.
General residents (aged 30–69 years) in two areas were targeted for the current study. Through a random sampling selection, 1,000 residents from each area were picked, and an anonymous questionnaire was mailed to each resident. Ultimately, 269 and 363 valid responses from the urban and rural areas, respectively, were analyzed. SOC, both social and psychological resources, and mental health were assessed. To examine relationships between SOC and resources associated with mental health, mental health was defined as a dependent variable. Hierarchical multiple regression was conducted with variables entered from sociodemographic characteristics, social and psychological resources, and SOC.
Regarding regional characteristics, social capital and participation in community activities were significantly greater in the rural area than in the urban area. Urban residents reported significantly higher self-esteem and optimism than rural residents. SOC showed the most significant association with mental health in both areas. Mental health was significantly associated with physical activity limitations and life stressors in both areas. However, the associations were weakened when social and psychological resources and SOC were added, which demonstrated their buffering effect on the negative influence of life stressors on health. When SOC was added, the association of self-esteem with mental health disappeared in both areas, but optimism in the urban area and humor in the rural area were directly and independently associated with mental health.
Our findings indicate that resources available to urban and rural residents are characteristic of the area where they live, and that social and psychological resources as well as SOC are associated with better mental health. Possible directions for health support strategies, reflecting regional characteristics, are suggested.
Traditional medicine is based on a pathogenic perspective that questions how diseases are created, and therefore, focuses on risk factors for diseases. Knowledge has been accumulated on ways to alleviate or eliminate these factors. In contrast, the salutogenic model theorized by Antonovsky looks at how health is restored, maintained, and promoted. It attempts to elucidate salutary factors, and to support and strengthen them
A person with strong SOC is better able to cope with stressors, which has a positive effect on health. Thus, SOC is also considered stress coping ability. Because SOC can strongly predict health outcomes, a number of studies have been conducted on its buffering effect on stress
In the salutogenic model, the richness of coping resources as well as the strength of SOC are considered important to the success or failure of stress coping. In general, coping resources used in the stress coping process are divided into psychological and social. Psychological resources include personality tendencies such as optimism and sense of humor as well as self-concept, which includes factors such as self-esteem and self-efficacy. Social resources include social support and social networks. A number of previous studies have examined the association of self-esteem with SOC
A number of studies have also been conducted on the relationship of coping resources with well-being and health outcomes, indicating the importance of such resources
Previous studies have often treated SOC as one type of psychological coping resource, such as self-efficacy or self-esteem
The salutogenic model posits that coping resources are defined within sociocultural and historical contexts and that various social and historical factors influence the availability of these resources. For example, an international comparison of personality characteristics, which are considered to be psychological resources, points to the individualistic tendency of Western people and the collectivistic tendency of Japanese individuals
Previous studies have suggested that an interregional comparative investigation is needed. However, few studies have actually investigated both psychological and social resources in different regions. A study by this author and her colleagues demonstrated that SOC-related factors were different between urban and rural areas. For example, economic status was correlated with SOC in urban but not rural residents, and ties with relatives and humor were correlated with SOC only in rural residents
The purposes of this study are to 1) distinguish social and psychological coping resources, 2) examine the availability of both types of resources, and 3) examine associations among these coping resources, SOC, and health status. By comparing urban and rural residents, the current research also attempts to examine whether regional differences influence social and psychological resources associated with health, and their relationships with SOC.
Research respondents and survey method
The general residents of 'A ward' (urban A) of Tokyo and general residents of 'B city' (rural B) of Akita prefecture were chosen for the urban respondents and rural respondents, respectively. Urban A was a metropolitan area with a population of 297,989 and 170,714 households with an average of 1.75 persons per household in 2006. Rural B was a rural, mountain village area with a population of 40,382 and 14,815 households, with an average of 2.73 persons per household in 2006.
Men and women aged from 30 to 69 were targeted for the current study. Through a two-step random sampling selection, 1,000 residents from each area (totaling 2,000) were picked, and an anonymous questionnaire was mailed to each resident. The survey was administered in September 2006. As a result, 269 valid responses from urban A (valid response rate: 26.9%) and 363 valid responses from rural B (valid response rate: 36.3%) were used for the final analysis.
This study was approved by the Graduate School of Medicine of the University of Tokyo Research Ethics Committee.
Variables and measures
The Japanese version of Antonovsky's SOC scale
Data on sociodemographic characteristics were collected, including age, gender, physical activity limitations, education, economic status, marital status, and employment status.
Three social resource variables were incorporated: social capital, social support, and participation in community activities. The current study considered social capital to be an important resource that reflects regional characteristics. Therefore, it was included as one of the items to be surveyed. Social capital is the degree of connectedness and social relations in a residential area. The concept of social capital is composed of networks, trust, and norms. To measure the individual level of social capital, which is a subjective view of one's environment, a 6-item scale was used scored on a 5-point Likert scale (Cronbach's α = 0.76)
Three psychological resource variables were incorporated: self-esteem, humor, and optimism. The Japanese version of Rosenberg's (1965) Self-Esteem Scale
Life stressors were assessed by 7 items on "work," "income and family budget," "housing," "family," "reasons for living and future hope," "physical strength and health," and "life in old age." Questions were asked regarding the degree to which respondents felt worried or anxious about these items.
Mental health was measured by Goldberg's 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ)
Statistical analysis
Urban A and rural B were separately analyzed for the regional comparison. All scores were added up, and regional differences were determined. The chi-square test was used for cross tabulation, with t-tests and the Mann–Whitney U-test used to examine differences between two groups of continuous data (0.05 level of statistical significance).
To examine associations between SOC and different categories of resources, multiple regression analysis was conducted with SOC as a dependent variable and variables entered from each category of demographic characteristics, social resources, and psychological resources as independent variables. Variables significantly associated with SOC and the explanatory strength of demographic characteristics, social resources, and psychological resources were examined.
To examine associations between SOC and resources related to mental health, mental health was defined as a dependent variable. Demographic characteristics and life stressors were defined as independent variables in Model 1. Social resources and psychological resources were added as independent variables in Model 2. Furthermore, hierarchical multiple regression was conducted with SOC as an independent variable in Model 3.
The statistical package SPSS 19.0 (IBM Japan Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) was used for data analysis.
Characteristics of research respondents (Table
The average age of respondents from urban A was 49.8 (SD = 11.4) years, and that of rural B was 52.2 (SD = 10.0) years. There was no regional difference with regard to physical activity limitations. Education and economic levels were significantly higher (p < .001) in urban A. The rate of married respondents was significantly higher (p < .001) in rural B (80.4%) compared with urban A (67.9%).
As for social resources, there was no significant difference between the two areas with regard to social support. However, social capital and participation in community activities were significantly greater (p < .001) in rural B. As for psychological resources, urban A residents reported significantly higher (p < .001) self-esteem and optimism than rural B residents. There was no significant difference between the two areas with regard to humor.
No significant difference was found between the two areas related to SOC and mental health.
Associations of SOC and resources (Table
Age, physical activity limitations, and economic status showed significant associations with SOC in both areas. In urban A, being married (β = .12, p = .027) was also significantly associated with SOC.
As for social resources, social capital and social support were significantly associated with SOC in both areas. Social capital was more strongly associated in rural B (β = .29, p < .001) than in urban A (β = .14, p = .019). Participation in community activities was significantly associated with SOC in urban A (β = .14, p = .028), but not in rural B.
As for psychological resources, self-esteem (urban A: β = .60, p < .001; rural B: β = .48, p < .001) was most significantly associated with SOC in both areas. Optimism was significantly associated with SOC in urban A (β = .13, p = .018), but not in rural B. No significant association of humor with SOC was found in the urban or rural area.
Adjusted R2 of sociodemographic characteristics was stronger in urban A (adjusted R2 =.29) than in rural B (adjusted R2 = .15), but that of social resources in rural B (adjusted R2 =.11) was stronger than in urban A (adjusted R2 = .06). Psychological resources had the strongest explanatory power (urban A: adjusted R2 = .46; rural B: adjusted R2 = .29) on SOC in both areas.
Resources associated with mental health
In urban A, results of hierarchical multiple regression showed that mental health was significantly associated with age, physical activity limitations, economic status, and life stressors in Model 1. With social and psychological resources added to Model 2, its significant association with economic status disappeared, but mental health was significantly associated with self-esteem and optimism. With SOC added to Model 3, the significant association of mental health with optimism was unchanged, but the significant association with self-esteem disappeared. There was a significant association between SOC and mental health.
In rural B, mental health was found to be significantly associated with physical activity limitations and life stressors in Model 1. In Model 2, the significant associations with physical activity limitations and life stressors were unchanged, and mental health also showed significant associations with self-esteem and optimism. With SOC added to Model 3, the significant association with physical activity limitations was unchanged, but the significant association with life stressors disappeared. Mental health was significantly associated with SOC.
Model 3 (full model) revealed the strongest association between mental health and SOC in both areas (urban A: β = −.30, p < .001; rural B: β = −.41, p < .001).
Regarding regional characteristics, social capital was significantly greater in rural B. According to the 2001 Cabinet Office Survey, social capital is likely to be less in big cities such as Tokyo and Osaka and higher in the countryside. The results of the current study reflect this reported trend. Participation in regional activities was significantly higher in rural B. Activities in that area typically had a close connection with the local region, such as neighborhood associations, neighborhood cleaning, and helping with ceremonial events. In urban A, activities were typically centered on individual roles and activities, such as clubs and parent–teacher associations. These findings show that social resources for rural B residents were closely dependent on the region where they lived. In contrast, urban A residents were more likely to obtain social resources more centered on individual roles and not closely related to the region. The same trends in a rural compared with an urban area have been reported by a previous study
Urban A residents showed significantly higher self-esteem and optimism than rural B residents. This suggests that high self-esteem and optimism are a part of urban personality characteristics. Urban residents are likely to be more individualistic than rural residents. Rural residents tend to have more relatives in their vicinity and are likely to be more collectivistic than urban residents. Coping strategies were found to be different among urban and rural residents. Not only psychological resources, but also the structure of social resources, such as support networks and community activities, can be different as well
As shown in Table
As for social resources, social capital and social support were significantly associated with SOC in both areas, with social capital more strongly associated in rural B than in urban A. It is probable that situation-related social capital holdings affected the degree of association with SOC. This seems to be reflected by regional characteristics of rural B. Participation in community activities was significantly associated with SOC in urban A, but not in rural B. Participation in community activities such as neighborhood associations and ceremonial events were an obligatory part of living in rural B. Almost 80% of the rural residents participated in such activities. It is possible, however, that these activities did not always have positive meaning for rural residents. In contrast, there were no community activities for urban A residents unless they were willing to participate in such activities. Therefore, participation in community activities in urban A might have had more positive meaning, and therefore was significantly associated with SOC.
As for psychological resources, self-esteem was most significantly associated with SOC in both areas. Optimism was significantly associated with SOC in urban A, but not in rural B. No significant association of humor was found in the urban or rural area. As for psychological resources, a previous study
SOC showed the most significant association with mental health in both areas. Mental health (Table
The current study shows that resources available to urban and rural residents are characteristic of the region where they live, and that social and psychological resources, as well as SOC, are associated with positive health. SOC was found to be significantly associated with social and psychological resources in both areas, playing an important function in mediating resources for better mental health. These findings confirm premises in Antonovsky's salutogenic model and represent a valuable contribution of the current research.
In this study, response rates were relatively low, and the two groups of respondents were selected from only one urban and one rural region, which may limit the generalizability of our results. Further study is necessary, involving a more comprehensive population sample, with particular attention to assessing the reproducibility or significance of our findings. The focus of the current study was regional differences. However, it is anticipated and recommended that future studies make comparisons with previous studies by incorporating gender and age differences as well
The current study confirmed that resources available to urban and rural residents are characteristic of the area where they live, and that social and psychological resources, as well as SOC, are associated with better mental health. For the practical purpose of promoting good health of residents in a region, it is important to strengthen social resources in that region or compensate for resources that are lacking. Participation in regional activities may have more special, positive meaning for urban residents than for rural residents. It is possible that new social resources for urban residents can be cultivated by increasing their individual involvement with the region. Possible interventions might include facilitating exchange with neighbors among urban residents. Rural residents showed greater social capital and a higher rate of participation in community activities. In addition, those who had strong attachment to or confidence in their region were likely to have high SOC and better health. It is desirable that residents maintain such ties with their region. It will be important that not only participation in regional activities, but also the qualities of the resources be examined as to whether they are in fact the resources leading to better mental health. Possible interventions might include facilitating humor among urban residents and promoting optimism among rural residents. Health strategy that takes into account also the promotion of psychological resources is expected.
This study examined associations among health resources, SOC, and mental health in two socioculturally different areas. Possible directions for health support strategies, which reflect regional characteristics, were suggested.
Competing interests
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
Authors' contributions
Both authors contributed to the research design, interpretation of data, and drafts of the paper. YT performed the statistical analyses. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
This work was supported by KAKENHI(A) No. 18203028. It was externally peer reviewed.
Salutogenesis as new perspectives on health and sense of coherence
Is sense of coherence a mediator between adversity and psychological well-being in adults?
Sense of coherence: its effects on psychological and physiological processes prior to, during, and after a stressful situation
Sense of coherence as a modifier of occupational stress exposure; stress perception, and experienced strain: a study of industrial managers
Sense of coherence and school-related stress as predictors of subjective health complaints in early adolescence: interactive, indirect or direct relationship?
Childhood conditions, sense of coherence, social class and adult ill health: exploring their theoretical and empirical relations
Stress, social support, and sense of coherence
Sense of coherence predicts change in life satisfaction among home-living residents in the community with mental health problems: a 1-year follow-up study
Validating Antonovsky's sense of coherence scale
Antonovsky's sense of coherence scale and the relation with health: a systematic review
Major depression: a breakdown in sense of coherence?
Sense of coherence and lack of control in relation to outcome after orthopedic injuries
The sense of coherence: its relationship to personality, stress, and health measures
Sense of coherence in different stages of health and disease in northern Sweden gender and psychological differences
Sense of coherence, well-being and personality factors: further evaluation of the sense of coherence scale
The validity of Antonovsky's sense of coherence measure in a sample of schizophrenic patients living in the community
A comparative study of Sense of Coherence (SOC) and related psychosocial factors among urban versus rural residents in Japan
Factors contributing to sense of coherence among men and women
Social and psychological resources and adaptation
The influence of culture, community, and the nested-self in the stress process: Advancing Conservation of Resources theory
Contextualizing salutogenesis and Antonovsky in public health development
Culture and self: Are there within-culture differences in self between metropolitan areas and regional cities?
Examination of the reliability and factor validity of 13-item five-point version Sense of Coherence Scale
Validity of Antonovsky's sense of coherence scale: a systematic review
Structural validity and temporal stability of the 13-item sense of coherence scale: prospective evidence from the population-based HeSSup study
Social capital of community level on subjective health perception
Social support in older people - the concept and the measurement
An examination of support function of humor: Construction of a preference scale for supportive humor
Distinguishing optimism from neuroticism (and trait anxiety, self-mastery, and self-esteem) – a reevalution of the life orientation test
A study of Japanese version of the revised Life Orientation Test
Psychological well-being, the general health questionnaire 225–237
Multiple applications of the GHQ-12 in a general population sample: an investigation of long-term retest effects
Coping and psychological sense of community: An exploratory study of urban and rural areas in Greece
The role of family background, school success, and career orientation in the development of sense of coherence
A salutogenic view on subjective well-being in active elderly persons
Pre-publication history
The pre-publication history for this paper can be accessed here:

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Blog Entry# 1834866
Posted: May 06 2016 (10:53)
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Entry# 1834866
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Obama honors Muslims, apologizes to Communist Countries and releases dangerous terrorists. We have homeless Veterans, we have Veterans that die while on a waiting list to receive medical treatment and we have a President that does nothing to help them or honor them.
We at Right Alerts would like to honor our brave Veteran, Mr. Frank Levingston who passed away this week. Thank you for serving our Country. Thank you for all the sacrifices you and your family have made and may God hold you in his arms and protect your family today and always.
About Mr. Frank Levingston:
The oldest living American World War II veteran, has passed away at the age of 110. Frank Levingston died Tuesday afternoon in Shreveport, Louisiana.
Mr. Levingston was born in November 1905 in North Carolina, as one of seven children. He grew up in northern Louisiana, and enlisted in the US Army in 1942. He served as a private during the Naples-Foggia Campaign in Italy ‒ from 1943 to early 1944 ‒ and was honorably discharged in 1945.
A big thanks to all military and to all our Veterans, we are grateful for your bravery and sacrifices so that we may live in a free Country. May God bless you all.


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This is a rare pendant signed by Hemmerle. It was made in the 1970's and the main feature is the use of a rough emerald set with pave diamonds and calibre and cabochon sapphires. The use of rough gemstones was very popular during the 1960's-1970's.
Hemmerle is one of the last family owned traditional jewellers surviving today. The two brothers Joseph and Anton were appointed purveyors to the Bavarian Court in the XIX Century. Later, in 1904 they opened a shop in Munich focused on traditional design but of exceptional quality. Today the firm is run by the fourth generation who has resisted the temptation of industrial manufacture and brand globalization.
The pendant will be auctioned by Sotheby's Geneva on May 17th, although it is not an expensive jewel it should be a treasure for collectors for its scarcity.


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Those Vegans Beyoncé and Jay Z Hit the Cruelty-Free Shops in Beverly Hills
Barney's New York doesn't sell leather and fur goods, right? Just kidding! Music's royal couple Beyoncé and Jay Z enjoyed lunch at Real Food Daily and then did some shopping ahead of Queen Bey's concert at the Staples Center in Los Angeles last night. … More »


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Tried it for lunch today. Had the Kway Teow Goreng Kalimantan which is pretty good. Closest thing to Char Kway Teow (salty version..not the sweet Singapore version).
Wife had the nasi melayu which is so-so. The rice was not fragrant enough; ikan bilis was ok.
Overall, we prefer Wong Java House.
Wong Java House
1936 W Valley Blvd
Alhambra, CA 91803
(626) 289-2717


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Over 40 words at 17 months(90 Posts)
Is that good? Or am I being PFB
DS just seems really good at talking to me. Plus he understands everything you say (eg, could you take you coat and give it to daddy? etc)
If you give him two things he says 'two'. He does animal noises (loads, not just 2 or 3) and loads of other stuff that seems so amazing to me.
But he's my first and I don't know if I am just being totally biased or if he is really clever
I think it is a sign of the vocal chords having developed enough to allow speech.
IME, however, that teaching him things like numbers, etc will make him more able than others in these areas.
40 words is excellent :0) I know 3 g&t kids, two are mine, one of them was about the same as your son at this stage, my daughter was having conversations at that stage and was able to join in her favourite story (saying words from memory)
My friends son could read fluently at just shy of 2 years and do simple addition and subtraction
My two are top of their year at selective private primary (don't do g&t but both are regarded as exceptional in their year group) friends son is y2, birthday in July and is working with the higher ability group in y4 in English and maths. He is recognised as g&t
Dd3 is just turned 17mths and Like moresnowplease Ds, she will repeat almost anything you say to her, is talking in full sentences her favourite phrase is 'And she goes...BUMP' which is said just before she jumps on you!
She understands multi step instructions and has recently made us aware she has a sight word, dd2 has a very high IQ but was very different personality wise to dd3 as a baby, 17mths is quite early to say gifted or not although having said that I was well aware dd2 was different very early on, with dd3 however I'm on the fence.
DS is 16 mo and is about the same stage with talking and understanding. I haven't counted his words but he will repeat anything I ask him to now and has 3 word sentences. He understands quite complex 2 or 3 stage instructions too but is very fond of telling me when he doesn't want to follow them! I would say he is ahead of peers like your LO but not really gifted...especially judging against some others on here!
However he's certainly gifted physically as he took his first steps at 6.5 months and was walking well by 7 months old, running by a year and jumping at 15 mo.
Like the other poster I always play it down IRL.
DS1 was similar at that age. He is now 11 and WON'T SHUT UP!
Honestly, he has verbal diarrhoea. I just wish sometime he could be quiet.
There is no way you could tell if a child will be g&t at that age as non talkers may be gifted later on but it maybe an early indicator.
Like others DS1 was speaking in proper sentences at that age, walked at 9.5 months and could read properly at age 3. He is g&t now at age 7. Another child who was at his infant school wad very much the same as him until y2 then just plateaued. DS2 has always been pretty much average for all mile stones and is now on Y1, we just keep being told he is different by his teachers
I think development varies hugely and some slower starters can be very giftedbince at school.
40 words at 17 months is way above average!
DS didn't say a single word until he was 3 years old and is G&T in maths, and has a reading age of 9 (he is 6 years old and in year 2). In my mind, there is very little to prove that early speech is equivalent to G&T. In some cases maybe, but I am yet to see any statistics that support an early talking child to G&T.
My DD was speaking in full sentences at that age and her nursery had her assessed by a senco - they were unsure if she was gifted. Turned out she wasn't - she's now 8 and although her reading age is much older, she is average at everything else - just to warn you ;-)
My DD was talking in full sentences at 15 months old and was able to skip Year 6 and go to selective secondary school. We never had her IQ measured but it must have been very high and there was no G and T then (I would have thought it was a gin and tonic I expect).
She started talking at about 8 months old and never stopped.
DS2 turned out to have a massive IQ as he got measured when he was diagnosed Aspergers. I imagine DD and her brother DS1 likewise had similar IQs but not the aspergers. However DS1 rather amusingly was as silent as DD was garulous and was ages before he deigned to speak.
All are exceptionally bright.
They now have a younger brother (they are all grown up and have flown the nest) who already has an IGCSE at age 12, and who came top in the entrance exam for his chosen selective school. He too has been measured as having a huge IQ but he is dyspraxic.
Interestingly none of them were early readers but all showed signs of talent in different ways very early on.
DS3, the youngest, would sit in his car seat telling us which way to go to get to places and get very irate if he thought we had gone the wrong way.
DS3 is much happier in adult company and doesn't much care for children his own age, not having many interests in common with them. This is very difficult indeed as everyone seems to think if he doesn't socialise with children his own age he is somehow missing out.
My opinion is that once he has left school he will be able to socialise with adults (which he prefers) and will be thought very odd if he tries to socialise with children. So why force him to now. All adults who meet him think he is fine (unless they are teachers who think he should get on better with children than adults) and are surprised when we say he is supposed to have communication problems.
Oh well, can't win them all.
My DD also a fluent talker at that age. DS on the other hand ...
Sure, it's potential plus uk - they just rebranded from national association for gifted children. You have to join to get access but I appreciate the resources and support available. They do phone consultations too.
Dictionary not diary!
Pearlington, do you mind if I ask what forum it is? I feel like I need to get help with ds1 with aspects of him that aren't easy to get help with (e.g, he has hyper mobility and poor muscle tone so is getting physio and hydrotherapy, but it isn't so easy to know what to do with regards to social skills or his insistence on a million questions a day or his thirst for knowledge or the fact he likes to read the diary etc!. I also feel like we are focussing so much on the things is isn't good at that we are neglecting the things he IS good at and don't know if we should be pushing him academically rather than letting him coast along.?)
FaddyPeony - yes, definitely no gloating involved. I heard hushed comments from other parents in our circle and I just learned really fast never to tell ppl what dd was up to when they were busy comparing notes (eg at preschool "oh my kid knows the first few letters of the alphabet" " wow, my kid hasn't done that yet but she memorises her books. How about yours?" "Yeah, she's coming on ok"). It was a bit lonely at times.
I've just focused on her social skills more than anything to help her fit in and we've been commended by her teachers on how well adjusted she is for a kid at her level. She has tonnes of friends and can play with older kids or younger kids with ease. She runs into emotional difficulties a lot because she works out things that she shouldn't really be thinking about but she can't put it in context so she makes herself anxious. The school has been really on top of it and say its a common issue for kids with her level of advance.
I don't know any kids like her but I belong to a charity that helps families like us navigate the minefield and so I meet parents on their forum with kids in way more trouble than mine!!! ;-) I hope to go to one of their special weekends sometime to meet other parents and get some education myself on how to deal with it all. Also they put the kids together and give them great opportunities to do fun stuff in line with their interests so it's good for them too.
Thanks so much for understanding. There are always ppl who'll think we are deluded vain parents (hence why the only place I talk about this stuff is on specialised forums, and even here I seem to have provoked some unpleasant comments). Many of these children have bad experiences at school and become chronic underachievers so it's definitely nothing to brag about, rather something to worry about and manage.
I have 3 children who are all so totally different it's unbelievable!!
They were all very very early walkers (9.5-10 months) but ds1 didn't utter a word until 2 and 3 months whereas dd was talking and having complete adult conversations at 18 months (and she still doesn't stop talking now at 4!) ds2 is somewhere in the middle. Ds1 has a reading age of 14+ yet still can't put his socks on! I agree with a previous poster who said they wish thier child was a bit more "normal" ( for lack of a better word, it makes it sound like saying he's abnormal which isn't nice). Yes ds1 Can talk to you about space and nebulas and subspecies of animals and the romans and chemistry and scientific names for everything and what ever other subject is his favourite this week but he struggles socially etc.
OP he sounds just gorgeous and very like my dd who is not quite 17months. She's a chatty little moo and an awful lot of fun. I am trying to not be too pfb about her but she is really very lovely. Like a pp said, though, my DH is less able to control himself - I think he has his work colleagues bored stupid about her!
Pearlington your DD sounds truly extraordinary - I am sure you hear that all the time. I have honestly never heard anything quite like what you're describing. Have you come into contact with other children like your DD? I'd absolutely believe that it's a worry for a parent and not necessarily constant opportunities for secret pfb gloating. My sister is gifted but it's so very hard on little ones to deal with all that knowledge.
Lol. My point about Latin names is not what language they are but that they tend to be long and hard to say and applying these complex words correctly to different species of plant was pretty surprising to us when her peers were still just about saying flower, let alone knowing which one is a hydrangea or a rhododendron or being able to say those words. There's a hell of a lot of complex processing involved in forming those words, telling the difference between the two plants, let alone 20 plants and matching the correct name.
Trust me if I listed all the stuff she knew and discussed at that age you wouldn't think she was normal. When your child does freaky stuff all the time it does add up. I just used that as an example because it's easy to explain briefly.
I personally didn't find any of it impressive. I found it upsetting and scary. I don't think anyone should want their kids to be too different because it doesn't make for an easy ride or a happy life. I was constantly embarrassed at toddler groups and around other parents. Ppl were so freaked out by her. Pointing out a hellebores in a friend's garden didn't make that easier, nor correcting ppl that the dinosaur they were pointing too wasn't just "dinosaur" but a parasaurolophus (perfectly pronounced). Or being able to say and explain onomatopoeia. Yes she got the information from somewhere but a 17 month old doesn't normally retain or know how to apply that kind of stuff.
To be fair, being able to say the flower name in Latin rather than in English doesn't actually denote greater cleverness: a baby won't know that this is Latin and that it's supposed to be more difficult (any more than a Roman baby would have done ); to her they are just sounds. A Welsh baby isn't cleverer because he says words in Welsh and not in English.
But 700 words is certainly pretty impressive. And letters at 11 months- again pretty impressive.
For what it's worth, and ignoring the unpleasant poster who was sarcastic about advanced babies earlier, my DD spoke over 700 words at that age, spoke in complex sentences, could read all the letters and numbers and decode simple words, counted to 50, knew the Latin names of many plants, had started drawing faces (had proper pincer grip from 14m). No we didn't hothouse or push (I was actually pretty scared by it all rather than proud: I think most parents of kids who do things super early get freaked out - she suddenly started pointing out and naming letters at 11 months and I actually remember my stomach turning). She may well be gifted - she's six now and her reading age is adult - but it all brings enormous challenges and I wouldn't wish for it to be honest. It sounds like your child is doing really well, so encourage him and enjoy it!
DS was an early talker. He was very interested in cars, lorries etc. Every time the bin men came round he'd insist on going onto the balcony and shouting "big truck, big truck"
Except, at around 12 months, he couldn't quite pull off the "TR" and it came out sounding like "F".
Not sure who laughed more - the bin men or us.
DS was an absolute sponge - at 18 months he started saying "you wanker" at random moments in front of people like his grannie. We thought for a while he might have tourettes. The we realised he said it every time he heard a car horn and linked it back to his father who, every time he hit the hooter, said "you wanker" .
DD didn't talk as much but she is much better at numbers .
Enjoy him Catgirl.
That's brilliant DeWe
I'm glad I'm not that bad
He can be G&T for that
But not as pfb as the person I met in toddler group who was raging about her HV. At the 2 year check they asked if pfb said 50 words and she answered "He says 119, I think he must be a genius!" and the HV looked at her Apparently the HV didn't know genius when she saw it. She was going to complain to her GP.
He apparently could read the word "park" at 3 years, which also made him a genius, because whenever they drove past his favourite park he said "park" and he couldn't see the playground from the road, just the sign that said "park" so he was obviously reading it.
Thank you all for being so lovely and excusing my PFB moment
I have decided he is G&T: "Gorgeous and Talkative"
Btw, DD1 talks from the minute she wakes till the minute her eyes close. Literally!
She talks and even when she has nothing to say she'll talk for the sake of talking. I actually told her once that I would give her twenty pence if she could stop talking for two minutes (we were travelling back from holiday late at night, I was shattered and she hadn't stopped chattering since we had stepped on the coach - you know those times when you need two minutes to collect your thoughts). She told me that she loves chatting.
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text: Identification of differences in structure of methionine biosynthesis genes in Bacillus anthracis strains and phylogenetically related species of bacilliN. I. Mikshis, Yu. N. Zhivova, L. V. Novikova, N. A. Sharapova, Yu. A. Popov, V. V. KutyrevMolecular Genetics, Microbiology and Virology2012Comparative analysis of nucleotide sequences in genes that encode synthesis of methionine metabolism enzymes in the Bacillus anthracis strains and closely related bacterial species was conducted. A 42-bp deletion in the hom2 gene, which determines homoserine dehydrogenase, was found in all tested strains of the anthrax microbe. No mutation in the hom2 gene… (More)


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Web Project Manager / Software Trainer - Bristol
Web Project Manager / Software Trainer - Bristol - £25,000 - £30,000 A brand new and immediate opportunity for a Project Manager with web / e-commerce project delivery and software training experience to assist a market leading employer in central Bristol. This employer develops online booking systems for various clients both nationally and internationally. They are a rapidly growing company who are now looking for an experienced software trainer with project management skills who can work alongside developers and clients, supporting the day to day management of projects. Key responsibilities include defining client requirements and managing main features and configuration of software. Applicants must have strong client-facing experience with a track record of successfully delivering web related projects, such as e-commerce websites or web applications, and teaching clients how to use these products. The projects are quite functional/technical so applicants need to be from a web related background and possess good attention to detail. This is a fantastic opportunity for those looking to further develop their project management skills whilst working with a fun and friendly team in the centre of the city. Benefits include 28 days holiday a year. If this sounds like something you'd love to learn more about please send me your CV today. Novate IT Ltd is a leading supplier of permanent and contract recruitment services for companies in the IT, Digital Media and Telecommunications industries. This job was originally posted as www.cwjobs.co.uk/job/66903102


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I used Access Concierge to organise my partners birthday. The team organised a private yacht cruise for 15 of us. They also arranged the catering which included sushi and cupcakes. The highlight of the day was the captain taking us all around Sydney harbour and mooring at one o..
Sorrell made my day a delight! Thanks to you and your lovely horse Bob for making my wedding day the best day ever! We will always cherish those memoirs thank you!
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I've argued for years that the "blame America first" attitude and incessant self-flogging embraced by many in academia is a progressive (adjective, not noun) phenomenon. Its very foundations guarantee the progressive nature of this mindset. In other words, the perspective that America is a "predatory colonial power" and only became great by exploitation and oppression and that our founders were evil European racists and bigots has consequences - consequences manifested in demands which range from removing Confederate monuments and symbols throughout the South to destroying Mount Rushmore - if the first demand has legitimacy, so does the other. The logical conclusion of this perspective would be actions similar to the destruction of 1700 year old Buddhas in Afghanistan. Now someone is challenging that perspective in film.
Coming soon: What neo-Confederates (real ones), some libertarians and progressive historians all have in common. I'm sure it will make folks on all sides upset. Good. Should be a real barn burner. Stay tuned.


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Would you like to save as your currency permanently or for this visit only?
The food the beds were quite firm!!
Our stay at Steigenberger Hotel was relaxing and very comfortable, while staff as increadibly friendly. Most of the clientèle is somewhat older, but the hotel seems also to cater for young children (highchairs, small bikes). We would like to return to it with our toddler one of these days.
restaurant,SPA, room, location and staff. No information about SPA services in English, only in German.
Staff went out of their way to accomodate us and were very genuinely pleasant to us and other guests.
good location to visit Legoland, friendly and correct staff
Excellent food, specially goulash soup, location.
I have never met a more gracious host! They were so excited to have us and escorted us to our room! He offered to bring our bags up. The breakfast was lovely, traditional European...but such wonderful service!
The hotel was located in a small village and was perfect for an overnight stay on our trip from Bonn down to Switzerland. The proprietor and staff were extremely welcoming and ensured we were well looked after. We had dinner in the hotel and this was very nice as was the inclusive breakfast. The room we had was basic but perfectly adequate for our overnight stay.
Ideal for an overnight stop. No
Welcome on arrival and personal service.
the room was very good for family with 3 children there was an older lady probably the former lady of the house and she shouted at the children to take of the shoes before i even had a chance to correct them myself. She should retire for sure. no goog welcome. the man of the house was very friendly.
We loved the welcoming. This is deffinitively a place I warmly recommend to families with kids. The personal, the service, the place, we loved it all.
Environment, friendly staff, etc.
the hotel was very clean,comfortable and welcolming, the rooms were light and airey, the staff were very friendly and helpful especially karsten(happy) the waiter, who's english was much better than our german.the breakfast although only continental was plentiful and of good selection, the food in the restaurant in the evening was very good and tipical bavarian dishes, the surrounding area was very laid back & picturesque.as was the spa town it was in,not many english there can't understand why! so get yourselves there. will definately go again. (superb) we had to leave
The comfort of the room Although it states all the rooms have internet access, my didn't! The lay-out of my room stopped me from receiving a signal in my room. Because of this I had to work in the lobby.
Good relation price/quality, very good breakfast, quietly in the middle of the nature.
Beautiful setting, relaxed atmosphere
the location was excellent, cleanliness the room was in floor -1 next to the garage entrance, very cold even though the heaters were on, it seemed like the heaters were only put on in the morning and since it was snowing outside it was so cold in the room. Not nice for a Spa Hotel.
excellant standards of comfort and catering and delightful environment no
We like the hotel. Have stayed there several times for the last 3 years. The staff is very nice. The wireless internet could be for free. It's true that 5€ is not a high price for 8 hours of internet, but then again the feeling is much better if you don't have to pay for it. This is only a small remark for a very nice hotel.
Very family friendly, the kids loved their own breakfast area and rooms were spacious and very clean. Only a short drive to Legoland (10 mins). Dinner is not served in the hotel, but there is a good Italian and Chinese restaurant just down the road.
Very friendly staff, hotel really suitable for family with two children
Location was good when you travel for business purposes. The hotel was simple, but for the purpose I went there it was okay.
They are setup for kids and for a 2nd time made our trip to legoland easy and fun for the kids. Kids club our kids reallly like!!!
Friendly staff
Nice family hotel. We visited Legoland whic is about 10 kilometers away.
Breakfast is good, Room is clean enough, Value for money No bus tub, only small shower booth.
Great facilites and a good location
late brekefast arrival is a problem
I received a warm and friendly welcome. The hotel staff were gracious and helpful in seeing me to my room and finding an ideal parking spot. The services were very accommodating for meals and arranging for a long stay than expected. The room was clean and freshed up beautifully. The hotel's proximity to the walking streets in the town center and to the countryside is ideal.
We stayed at this hotel because of the cheap rate. All previous reviews are correct about this place. Don't expect much or you will be disappointed. Family run business... not the usual hotel experience.
there was the essential thhings I need and cheap price not well organized, nobody were at the reception when I arrived and when I left I had to wait a while to get my invoice and pay. I don't recomend their restaurant: they served pork schnitzel instead of chicken or veal: they think people are stupid?!and if someone is allergic, we can't choose another food?
Food was brilliant.
Very good location at short distance to Legoland. Clean and nice hotel, good breakfast.
I stayed only one night but found the service in a very good condition. Everything was ok.
Friendly manager, free loundry of few clothes, good breakfast. Manager gave me a Krumbach beer mug as a present When I reserve the hotel, I read that I reserve a twin bedroom with another bed or sofa. I called Booking to make sure that It was going to be a bed not a sofa.otherwise I would it cancel the reservation. Booking.com assure me that It was going to be another bed. When we arrived it was just a sofa, very low, could not sleep in. I need it to use just one twin bed for us. Left early. Manager was very kind
Simple, but pleasant stay in "gasthaus". Enyoying tipical german food served by friendly staff.Family friendly, enough parking places and even small playground for children. Nearby to Legoland (20 minut), with no bussy traffic at all (you meet only few cars) Placed in the suborb of small city (practically village).Nice countryside,good for cycling. Real german atmoshere, Beds were too hard
Spacious room, very quiet anfriendly staff. There is a restaurant in the hotel which offers regional dishes at reasonable prices. Good breakfast and free WLAN access. Too far away for daily travels to Munich. But if you want to relax and enjoy the nature, this hotel is a good choice.
We enjoyed the spacious room, cleanliness, situation and being able to relax. The staff were very friendly too even though we couldn't talk the language it didn't stop them being friendly toward us. Nothing was a problem to the staff. The only thing that could improve is the church bells being turned off at night if possible. And maybe a fan in the room in the very hot weather.


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Pound Cake Waffles
READY IN: 15mins
Recipe by Chef Jewel
I found this recipe in the booklet that came with my waffle maker. They are light soft and delicious...NO need for syrup.
Top Review by Amy020
Yum, oh, yum oh yum! Tastes just like pound cake for breakfast. My only disappointment is that it only made 4-5 waffles. With 1 c sugar and 1/2 c butter, I kinda expected a lot more. Will use these as my base for strawberry shortcake this summer. And they'd be great for waffles & ice cream. Definitely a keeper!
See Discussion:2 Reviews
Ingredients Nutrition
- 1 cup granulated sugar
- 1⁄2 cup butter, softened
- 2 large eggs
- 2 teaspoons finely chopped lemon zest or 2 teaspoons orange zest
- 2 teaspoons fresh lemon juice or 2 teaspoons orange juice
- 1 1⁄2 cups all-purpose flour
- 1⁄2 teaspoon salt
- 1⁄4 teaspoon baking powder
- 1⁄4 teaspoon baking soda
- 1⁄2 cup buttermilk
Directions See How It's Made
- In mixing bowl, beat sugar and butter until light and fluffy, stopping to scrap bowl occasionally. Beat in eggs, 1 at a time until blended. Add zest and juice. In small bowl, whisk together flour, salt, baking powder and baking soda to blend well. On low speed, add flour mixture, in three parts, alternately with buttermilk, in two parts. Mix just until blended, stopping to scrap bowl often. Batter will be very thick. Spoon batter onto hot, greased waffler and bake.


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French Connection crepe waterfall jacket will compliment a variety of summertime ensembles. Layer over a lace shift dress and pair with pumps for a polished look.
Calling Apollo Jacket has drape detail lapels, padded shoulders, two pockets at front and a tie feature at waist.
Style code
* Dry Clean Only
* 100% Viscose
* Length from Centre Back;61cm


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Keira Knightley won't cast for Pirates of the Caribbean
British actress, Keira Knightley, 25, was spotted recently driving a Ducatti in Pars while filming the new commercial for Chanel.
The actress wore a skin-tight camel catsuit. Her outfit resembles to the one that Emma Peel wore as a Avengers heroine.
Ms. Knightly also announced that she won't cast for Pirates of the Caribbean no long because of the long time that it occupied in her life.
On the other hand, according to official documents, Keira is set to leave England for U.S. due to high taxes.
Her spokesperson wasn't available to comment on this matter.
Regarding her acting career, she will be seen alongside Carey Mulligan and Andrew Garfield in upcoming movie "Never Let Me Go". The launch date is in October in US.
Image source: celebrityfolk.com


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1998 S with 19,100 miles . Rosso Corsa with Nero Hide , Bordeaux carpets . UK Car Full Ferrari service History .
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Michael Frey, Ph.D.attended graduate school at De Paul University, and completed his pre-doctoral internship and post-doctoral fellowship at Rush Presbyterian St. Luke's Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois. Dr. Frey has practiced in a number of different mental health settings. He has been the clinical coordinator of two Child Psychiatry Units one at Hartgrove Hospital and the other at Lutheran General Hospital, Park Ridge, Illinois. His areas of specialty include various neurobehavioral disorders including Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Learning Disabilities, Autistic Spectrum Disorders, Tourette's syndrome and Bipolar Disorders in children. He provides neuropsychological assessment, diagnostic assessment, school consultation, individual and family therapy services.
Kelly Grandt-Dudle, Psy.D. attended graduate school at The Illinois School of Professional Psychology in Chicago and completed her predoctoral internship at Christ's Hospital in Oak Lawn and the Childhood Trauma Treatment Center in Bolingbrook, Illinois. A post-doctoral fellowship was also completed at Bridgeview/Challenger Therapeutic School. Dr. Grandt-Dudle has areas of specialty which include various neurobehavioral disorders, specifically Learning Disabilities, Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, Anxiety Disorders, Depression, Attention Deficit Disorder, and Tourette's syndrome. She provides psychological assessments, diagnostic assessments, individual and family therapy. The majority of Dr. Grandt-Dudle's caseload focuses on the treatment of children and adolescents between the ages of 9-21 years of age.


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People who use e-cigarettes indoors may be exposing nearby people to nicotine, though exposure is on average 10 times less than from traditional cigarettes, find researchers from Roswell Park Cancer Institute in Buffalo, New York
BUFFALO, New York
December 12, 2013
(press release)
– Electronic cigarettes, when used indoors, may involuntarily expose non-users to nicotine, according to a study led by Maciej Goniewicz, PhD, PharmD, of Roswell Park Cancer Institute (RPCI) and published by the journal Nicotine and Tobacco Research.
Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) are consumer products designed to generate nicotine aerosol, or vapor, without the combustion of tobacco. When an e-cigarette user takes a puff, the nicotine solution is heated, and the vapor is taken into the lungs. Researchers examined e-cigarette vapor from three different brands of e-cigarettes using a smoking machine in controlled exposure conditions. They also compared secondhand smoke exposure of e-cigarette vapor and tobacco smoke generated by dual users.
"To our knowledge, this is one of the first studies to measure the air concentrations of nicotine and volatile organic compounds and compare the emissions from electronic and conventional tobacco cigarettes," said Dr. Goniewicz, a researcher and Assistant Professor of Oncology in RPCI's Department of Health Behavior. "Our data suggest that secondhand exposure to nicotine from e-cigarettes is on average 10 times less than from tobacco smoke. However, more research is needed to evaluate the health consequences of secondhand exposure to nicotine from e-cigarettes, especially among vulnerable populations including children, pregnant women and people with cardiovascular conditions."
Study observations also include:
"Questions remain regarding the health impact of e-cigarettes among smokers and nonsmokers. It remains unclear whether young people will see e-cigarette use as a social norm and if e-cigarettes will be used as sources of nicotine in places with smoking bans, thus circumventing tobacco-free laws," said Andrew Hyland, PhD, Chair of the Department of Health Behavior at RPCI. "This study and others can guide policymakers as decisions are made about the regulation of the nicotine delivery devices."
The complete study can be found at http://goo.gl/SgWuIY.
Researchers from RPCI in collaboration with scientists at the Medical University of Silesia in Poland conducted this study. It was supported by a grant from the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Poland.
The mission of Roswell Park Cancer Institute (RPCI) is to understand, prevent and cure cancer. Founded in 1898, RPCI is one of the first cancer centers in the country to be named a National Cancer Institute-designated comprehensive cancer center and remains the only facility with this designation in Upstate New York. The Institute is a member of the prestigious National Comprehensive Cancer Network, an alliance of the nation's leading cancer centers; maintains affiliate sites; and is a partner in national and international collaborative programs. For more information, visit www.roswellpark.org, call 1-877-ASK-RPCI (1-877-275-7724) or email firstname.lastname@example.com. Follow Roswell Park on Facebook and Twitter.
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