text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Publication date
|Jan 25, 1972
|Filing date
|Dec 1, 1969
|Priority date
|Dec 1, 1969
|Publication number
|Ivko Joseph J
|Original Assignee
|Ivko Joseph J
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (6), Referenced by (4), Classifications (8)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
United States Patent Ivko [451 Jan. 25, 1972 [541 MOTOR VEHICLE CONTROL PANEL [72] Inventor: Joseph J. Ivko, 403 Las Olas Drive, Crown Point, 1nd. 46307 [22] Filed: Dec. 1, 1969 [21] Appl. No.: 881,176
[52] U.S. Cl ..200/86-5, 340/62, 340/87 [51] Int. Cl. ..H0lh 3/14 [58] Field of Search ..340/62, 87; 200/16 R, 6 A,
[56] Relerences Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,579,292 12/1951 Brelsford ..340/62 3,020,368 2/1962 Nielsen ..200/6 A X 3,281,786 10/1966 Leichsenring ..340/62 X 3 ,467,798 9/ l 969 Krieger ..200/86.5 3,506,795 4/1970 3,511,943 5/1970 Kibler ..200/6l.27 X
Primary Examiner-J. R Scott Artorney-Richard R. Mybeck [5 7] ABSTRACT A motor vehicle control panel is described which is foot operated. The panel contains a plurality of switching means mounted in strategically disposed relationship to each other to permit the selective operation of one of said switching means while preventing the inadvertant operation of another of said switching means. The switches are each connected to a different safety accessory of said vehicle to selectively control the operation thereof. The panel is especially useful to allow individuals having impairment or dismemberment of one or both arms to safely operate a motor vehicle.
9 Claims, 5 Drawing Figures 1 MOTOR VEHICLE CONTROL PANEL DESCRIPTION OF INVENTION This invention relates generally to the operation and control of motor vehicle safety accessories, and more particularly to a motor vehicle control panel having a plurality of double-action switching means therein whereby headlights, windshield wipers, windshield washers, horns, leftand right-turn indicators and the like, are operated by the driver's foot and the driver may thus always keep his eyes on the road and his hands upon the steering wheel. My panel is especially useful to allow the upper extremity amputee having prosthetic arms to safely operate a motor vehicle with ease.
In the operation of motorized vehicles of various types, for which the automobile will be described as representative, a variety of switches are disposed on the steering column and dashboard to operate and control the various safety accessories. Without exception, all are positional for operation by a reach of the hand and are convenient for the ordinary driver. However, some drivers, out of habit or carelessness, will take their eyes off the road and view the switch they are about tov operate and as such are not alert to what lies ahead of them on the road. This of itself is an unsafe practice which should be eliminated.
An even greater problem is posed by the conventional arrangement of the described accessory switches to the driver who has encountered amputation of portions of one or both arms and is either with or without prosthesis. For this person even when fully prosthetic, operation of the controls for the horn and turn indicators is at best awkward and frequently necessitates foregoing all control of the steering wheel. Operation of pull, rotating or grip-type switches, such as are used to actuate headlights, windshield wipers and windshield washers, respectively, is essentially impossible for such persons. Thus, when such a driver is alone in his vehicle, he creates a substantial safety hazard to himself and to other motorists near him.
In some states, prospective drivers who have suffered amputation of their upper limbs are either denied or greatly restricted in their license to operate a motor vehicle. In still others, these handicapped drivers are considered high insurance risks and the premiums exacted of them to meet the minimum insurance coverage required by the State becomes an effective economic deterrent to their driving. Thus, these persons, at a time when psychologically they need their selfconfidence restored, are rejected and rendered totally dependent on others for transportation. Clearly a need exists for a control system which will allow the driver who has the ability to grip and safely manipulate the steering mechanism of a motor vehicle but who lacks the abili-, ty to quickly reach and grip the controls of his safety accessories, to somehow operate those accessories without having to quickly reach and grip such controls.
It is in response to that need that I, a bilateral upper arm amputee myself, set about to design and develop the control panel which I have herein described and illustrated. It should be noted, however, that while my device is especially useful to persons confronted with the physical restrictions attendant to upper limb prosthesis, that the device I have created is also useful to the physically complete driver for it enables him to drive with his hands on the steering wheel and his eyes on the road.
Therefore, it is an important object and advantage of the present invention to provide a device by means of which the lights, horn, windshield wipers, windshield washers and turn indicators of a motor vehicle may be operated by the use of the foot of the driver of the vehicle.
It is another object of the present invention to provide means for controlling the safety appliances in a motor vehicle which allows the driver to maintain complete control of his steering mechanism and keep his eyes on the road.
Still a further object of the present invention is to provide a control panel for installation into a motor vehicle which will enable a bilateral amputee having prosthesis to take and pass thedriving tests administered by the various states.
A further object of the present invention is to provide a control panel for installation into a motor vehicle which allows a bilateral amputee with prosthesis to competently and safely operate a motor vehicle, even when alone, and thereby avoid a high risk penalty on his vehicle insurance.
Still another object of my present invention is to provide a control panel for motor vehicles which can be simply and easily operated by the left foot and does not require extensive training to use.
These and still further objects, as they hereinafter appear, are readily fulfilled by my present invention in an unobvious manner as will be discerned from a careful consideration of the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments thereof, especially when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in which:
FIG. 1 is an isometric view of a foot-operated vehicle signal control panel of the invention adapted to be mounted on the floor of a motor vehicle;
FIG. 2 is'an enlarged side elevational view, partially in section, of the panel taken along line II--II of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged isometric view of one switching means of the panel;
FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of the entire control panel; and
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view, taken along line V-V of FIG. 3, of a switching means useful in the present invention.
Referring to the drawings, my motor vehicle control panel is indicated by the general reference 10. Panel 10 is shown as mounted upon the floorboard 12 in the driver's compartment of a motor vehicle. Panel 10 is secured to floorboard 12 by any suitable fastener such as screws 13. The panel may be attached either upon or beneath the floorboard covering and preferably is located to the left of the brake pedal. This is an especially convenient location in vehicles having automatic transmission because there is no clutch pedal to obstruct such placement. When panel 10 is mounted beneath the floorboard covering, it will be appropriate to provide suitable openings in the covering to allow my switches. to extend therethrough for reasons which will be hereinafter apparent.
When panel 10, which comprises a baseplate l4 and is suitably attached to vehicle floorboard 12 as by the passage of bolts 13 therethrough, baseplate 14 carries and supports a plurality of switch means l5, 16, I7, I8, 19, 20 and 21, each of which is secured to plate 14 by suitable fasteners such as bolts or machine screws 22.
The spaced relationship of the several switching means 15-2l, inclusive, relative to each other is important and shall now be described.
Switches 17, 18 and 19 are located adjacent to the proximal (nearest the driver) portion of panel 10 to provide easiest access because, as will later appear, they are operatively connected to those accessories most frequently requiring use, that is, the turn indicators and the horn.
Switches l5, l6 and 21 are located adjacent the distal (farthest from the drivers bench) portion of panel 10 because, as will later appear, they are operatively connected to accessories which are used less frequently and even when used, do not require frequent operation, that is, the windshield wiper, the windshield washer and the headlight power switch.
Switching means 20, on the other hand, is located at the left median portion of panel 10 because when it is needed, it is used frequently, that is, it is connected into the dim-bright circuit of the headlamps.
As best shown in FIGS. 2, 3 and 5, a preferred switching means for this invention is illustrated as switching means 21 and comprises a housing 23 havinga first connector 24, a second connector 25, and a third connector 26 extending outwardly therefrom to establish electrical connection therewith in a manner to be described. Mounted in housing 23 and extending through upper surface 27, is a retractable shaft member 28 which supports a pedal 29 on the upper end switching action is accomplished. These so-called off-on, or two-position pushbutton switches, are well-known to the art and a description of further structural details of the switch itself is believed unnecessary in view of the familiarity of the art therewith.
Nonetheless, looking to FIG. 5, a typical switching means 20 is illustrated and comprises a shaft or tubular housing 28 upon which pedal 29 is mounted and telescopically moveable therewith in response to pressure applied thereto. Depending from pedal 29 is a pin and body portion 32 and pusher means 33, both circumscribed by spring means 34 which coacts with detent 35 and pedal 29 to reciprocate pedal 29 when pressure is released therefrom.
The downward movement of pedal 29 and hence pusher means 33 causes the lower tip of the pusher to engage the rocker member 36, either in the upper left-hand notch 37 or the upper right-hand notch 38 and rotate contact plate 39 from its first to its second position and vice versa in sequence. Shaft 28 is carried by and may be formed integrally with lower housing 40 mounted to bottom plate 41 which is secured in the assembly by the insertion of bolts 22 through the openings defined therein as is herein described.
As shown in FIG. 4, an especially convenient arrangement is obtained when switching means 15 is wired to control the electrical motor M of the windshield wiper and switch 16 is wired to control the electrical pump P of the windshield washers. In both of these switches, center connector, illustrated as 25 relative to FIG. 3, is connected to power source, that is, battery 31, so that is the hotline of the circuitry. One of the side connectors (e.g., 24) is left unconnected and the other (e.g., 26) is connected to ground. Thus, when pedal 29 is depressed and released to move the switching contact to join the hotline with the ground, the accessory connected in the line therewith will be activated. When pedal 29 is depressed and released for a second time, the switching contact will move to join the hotline and the dead line and the appliance will be deactivated.
Switching means 17, 18, 19 and 21 are similarly wired to provide on-off control of my right turn indicator signal, my horn, my left turn signal indicator and my headlights, respectively. The ground line for each of the turn signals is wired into my front and rear lights to provide the appropriate warning signal in the usual fashion.
The action of each of the switches, in response to the successive depressionsand release of its shaft members 28, is to move the contact from a first position, in which the hotline is in circuit with the dead line, to a second position, in which the hotline is in circuit with the ground through the accessory.
The center connector of the sixth switching means, that is, switching means 20, is connected to the hotline of power source but through the headlamp circuit while one of the side connectors (e.g., 24) is connected to ground through the low beam of the headlights and the other (e.g., 26) is connected to ground through the high beam of the headlights. In this manner, switch 20 is effective to move between the high-beam and low-beam circuit but is energized only when the headlamps are connected with the hotline.
The foregoing are schematically illustrated in the wiring diagram of FIG. 4 wherein the power source is represented by battery 31 and the various accessories connected in series with the switches are shown by boxes which have been coded as explained below. A schematic box is also used to illustrate the headlamps which, as is known, are grounded to the vehicle frame.
The various symbols used in FIG. 4 are: Mthe windshield wiper motor; Pthe windshield washer pump; Lthe front and rear lighting circuits; F"the turn indicator flashers; S"-the horn signal; B"the high-beam circuit for headlights; and bthe low-beam circuit of the headlamps.
When panel is mounted to floorboard 12 in the manner described as illustrative and when the circuits of the several switching means -21, inclusive, are wired as described, a
driver and pressing it downwardly with reference to the plane defined by the baseplate 14. This movement actuates the pushbutton switch 15 to close the appropriate electrical circuit and activate or deactivate the desired accessory. lnasmuch as shaft 28 is automatically returned to its uppermost position upon release of foot pressure, the circuit action is changed simply by again depressing the shank and moving the switch to its other position.
From the foregoing, it becomes apparent that a new and highly useful motor vehicle control panel has been herein described and illustrated which fulfills all of the aforestated objectives in a remarkably unexpected fashion and allows the upper extremity amputee to operate a motor vehicle with efficiency and safety. It is, of course, understood that the embodiments herein described and illustrated are presented to exemplify the invention but that other modifications, adaptations and alterations, as may occur to the artisan when confronted with this disclosure, are intended within the spirit of this invention, especially as it is defined by the scope of the claims appended hereto.
What is claimed is:
l. A motor vehicle control panel for foot operation comprising: a baseplate mounted upon the floorboard of a motor vehicle, and a plurality of switching means mounted upon said baseplate in strategically spaced relationship to each other to permit the selective foot operation of one of said switching means while simultaneously preventing the inadvertent operation of another of said switching means, each of said switching means having an electrical connector therewithin being actuatable from a first position to a second position in response to a first force applied to said means, said connector being actuatable between from said second position to said first position in response to a second force applied thereto, each of said switching means being associated in electrical connection with a different motor vehicle safety accessory and operative to selectively control the operation thereof.
2. A motor vehicle control panel according to claim 1 in which one of said switching means completes a circuit containing a horn signal when in said first position and breaks said circuit when in said second position.
3. A motor vehicle control panel according to claim 1 in which one of said switching means completes a circuit containing a turn signal indicator when in said first position and breaks said circuit when in said second position.
4. A motor vehicle control panel according to claim 1 in which one of said switching means completes a circuit containing a window washer pump when in said first position and breaks said circuit when in said second position.
5. A motor vehicle control panel according to claim 1 in which one of said switching means completes a circuit containing vehicle headlamps when in said first position and breaks said circuit when in said second position.
6. A motor vehicle control panel according to claim 1 in which one of said switching means completes a circuit containing a windshield wiper motor when in said first position and breaks said circuit when in said second position.
7. A motor vehicle control panel according to claim 1 in which each of said switching means comprises a housing, a shank member extending axially in said housing, and moveable from a first position to a second position in response to a force applied thereto and returnable to said first position upon removal of said force therefrom, said shank member being operable to move said connector when in said second position.
8. A motor vehicle control panel according to claim 1 in which said switching means which are operatively connected to the left and right turn indicators and the horn are disposed adjacent the proximal edge of said baseplate.
9. A motor vehicle control panel according to claim 8 in which said switching means which are operatively connected to the windshield wiper motor, the windshield washer pump, 5 and the headlamps are disposed adjacent the distal edge of said baseplate.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Dec 31, 1948
|Dec 18, 1951
|Brelsford Harry W
|Combined light and horn system
|Jun 16, 1960
|Feb 6, 1962
|Gadget Of The Month Club Inc
|Foot-operated switch closable by transverse pivotal movement in any direction
|Jan 12, 1966
|Oct 25, 1966
|Max Leichsenring
|Vehicle signalling system
|Nov 17, 1967
|Sep 16, 1969
|Byrd Ind Inc
|Foot actuated remote control unit for fishing motors
|Oct 24, 1967
|Apr 14, 1970
|Schmidt Raymond F
|Electrical switch device
|Jun 27, 1968
|May 12, 1970
|Mccord Corp
|Control switch for a vehicle windshield washer and wiper system contained in a turn signal actuating lever
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Nov 21, 1974
|Sep 14, 1976
|Carl Zeiss-Stiftung
|Device for the remote control of motions and operations of microsurgical equipment
|Apr 25, 1977
|Feb 27, 1979
|Olympus Optical Company Limited
|Foot-operated controller assembly
|Dec 22, 1981
|Dec 11, 1984
|REMS-WERK Christian F/o/ ll und S/o/ hne GmbH & Co.
|Apparatus, especially portable apparatus, for handling tubular- and/or rod-shaped workpieces or the like
|Jun 2, 2006
|Apr 17, 2007
|Textron Inc.
|Pressure sensitive horn switch
|U.S. Classification
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification


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This guy is freakin' crazy. And I wouldn't want to be his health insurance provider. LOL
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text: TCPA Guardian (1st Party) JoyAnn Fisher December 12, 2016 19:51 Follow This article provides the API request and response for clients with TCPA Guardian (1st Party) - but not Intelligence. If you are unable to see the document via the Box widget below, please click here to access it: TCPA Guardian (1st Party). Have more questions? Submit a request Comments


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100% grass-fed top round beef cooked slowly with crimini mushrooms and a rich brandy sauce
Ingredients: 100% grass-fed beef, crimini mushrooms, white wine, onions, natural cream, brandy, natural 2% milk, chicken stock, extra-virgin olive oil, Shepherd's Grain flour, beef stock, mushroom stock, parsley, garlic, Dijon mustard, tomato puree, thyme.
Serving size: 9.5oz. Calories: 381 Protein: 42.9g Carbohydrate: 8.9g Fat 18.9g Sodium: 820mg


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The Kawaii Friends collection from Sass & Bell embodies cuteness, celebrating Japanese pop culture and bold design. I just adore this backpack, which is a perfect gift for little trendy girls. It features a fresh interpretation of Nori the cat adding a body to the character. Made from polyester and felt, this backpack features a zip-close pocket on the front, a small internal pocket, padded and adjustable straps and a fabric hook at the back. WAS £15!
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The History of Music: A Handbook and Guide for Students
G. Schirmer, 1907 - Music - 683 pages
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Page 81 - Sumer is icumen in, Lhude sing cuccu ! Groweth sed, and bloweth med, And springth the wude nu, Sing cuccu ! " Awe bleteth after lomb, Lhouth after calve cu ; Bulluc sterteth, bucke verteth, Murie sing cuccu ! "Cuccu, cuccu, well singes thu, cuccu, Ne swik thu naver nu ; Sing, cuccu, nu, sing, cuccu, Sing, cuccu, sing, cuccu, nu !
Page 7 - It is meant to be distinctly a book of reference for students rather than a literary or critical survey of a few salient aspects of the subject or a specialist's report of original research. Aiming at a certain degree of encyclopaedic fulness ... at every point an effort is made to emphasize the leading tendencies or movements of musical advance, referring to particular styles and composers as illustrations.
Page 690 - To avoid fine, this book should be returned on or before the date last stamped below. Stanford University Libraries Stanford, California Return this book on or before date due.
Page 77 - ... remained a somewhat peculiar specialty, representing the persistence for a particular purpose of a style which is essentially antique. Yet it must be confessed that in its ideal perfection, as it stood in the early Middle Ages, it was a remarkable example of melodic invention and beauty.1 ******** The positive achievements of the centuries following 1200 stand in striking contrast to the timid experiments of those before. From this point onward the art of music becomes interestingly interwoven...
Page 77 - ... the centuries following 1200 stand in striking contrast to the timid experiments of those before. From this point onward the art of music becomes interestingly interwoven with progress in other fields, being a phase of the general intellectual awakening of Europe that preceded the Renaissance. . . . The distinctive feature of the period in music was a profound alteration in the aim of composition. In Greek music and its successor, the Gregorian style, the one desire was for a single melodic outline...
Page 56 - Mese Lichanos meson Parhypate meson Hypate meson Lichanos hypaton Parhypate hypaton Hypate hypaton Proslambanomenos . IV.
Page 87 - Wherever this minstrelsy penetrated, it fixed a taste for styles quite diverse from that of the Church, one close to the feeling of the common people and apt for their use.
Page 295 - It is clear that he [Handel] occasionally adapted whole passages from other composers to his own uses, just as he transferred selections from one to another of his original works. But it was an age in which pasticcios or medleys abounded, strict creativeness being subordinated to concertistic success. We may doubt whether Handel's intent was deceptive, and surely there is no doubt about his capacity for origination. Many of the cases are merely those of borrowed subjects, which was and is an established...
Page 361 - ... brilliant illustration in music history of a genius that completely outgrew its original ambitions, so that it finally entered upon a creation of which at the start it did not dream. His historic significance lay, not so much in the new ideas . . . for these were not absent from some other minds ... but in his ability to bring them to tangible embodiment in works so beautiful and powerful as to arrest the attention of the musical world" (Waldo Selden Pratt in the History of Music).
Page 101 - Okeghem, we begin to feel the peculiar stimulus that the new century certainly gave to all music, so that in the works of these masters we catch the quality of enduring vitality and elevation by which the whole i6th century is characterized.


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French Ligue 1
At a time when the French national side, Les Bleus, is suffering from an extreme case of "the blues" after a wretched World Cup in South Africa, it has fallen upon the teams from France's domestic football championship, Ligue 1, to restore some pride to the nation's football.
The performances of Bordeaux and Lyon in last season's UEFA Champions League did just that, with Lyon's defeat of the much-vaunted Real Madrid side a particular highlight. Lyon later eliminated Bordeaux 3-2 on aggregate on their way to a place in the semi-finals, gaining a modicum of revenge The domestic competition was one of the tightest in Europe before Olympique Marseille eventually saw off challenges from Lyon, Auxerre and Lille.
And you can catch all the action from this year's French Ligue 1 right here on Free-Football.TV. Live streaming of Ligue 1 games can be found via our dedicated member's area. Live Sports Network provides the chance to watch French football live through your own pc. Watch live online streaming of all the games from France and never miss a minute. Join Live Sport Network today.
2010/11 Season
This season's competition promises to be another open one, with the possibility of four different champions in four years – a relief after Lyon's seven-year dominance since the turn of the century.
The one significant managerial change has been Bordeaux boss Laurent Blanc nominal promotion to take the poisoned chalice that is currently the French national team manager's job. But his replacement is another French footballing legend Jean Tigana, the former Fulham manager returning to the game after a three-year absence. So Bordeaux should not be too badly hit by the change in personnel.
Alain Casanova's Toulouse made the early running with an unblemished record after four games, with the unfancied Rennes, Montpelier and Sochaux among the early pace-setters. Lorient and Nancy are also teams to watch, as they are hosting matches on artificial surfaces, a first for French league football.
To see how the unpredictability of Ligue 1 unfurls, join us at Live Sports Network.
A Brief History
Ligue 1 saw the first Champions, Olympique Lillios, crowned in 1932/33. Since then, the balance of power in France has never been retained for long. Indeed, the recent run of seven consecutive titles by Lyon – their only titles - is a record for French football with even the greats such as Marseille, Saint Etienne, Monaco and Nantes only able to boast four championships on the bounce at best. This record may have been bettered but for the match-fixing scandal of 1992/3 that saw Marseille stripped of what would have been their fifth straight title. As a result of what was the third such incident in the history of the French game, the Gallic game is now probably one of the most highly regulated in football.
St-Etienne still jointly hold the record for the highest number of titles although they won their tenth and last one more than 25 years ago. They won eight of their titles in their golden era from 1964 to 1976, and their 1981 title-winning side included in their line-up one Michel Platini, UEFA's current president. Marseilles' 2010 triumph was their tenth title.
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Tags: Ligue 1, Bordeaux, Lyon, Olympique Marseille, Auxerre, Lille, French Ligue 1, football live, Laurent Blanc, Jean Tigana, St-Etienne, Michel Platini, live Ligue 1


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As part of the Nazis' attempt to purify German society and propagate an 'Aryan master race,' they condemned homosexuals as 'socially aberrant.' Soon after taking office on January 30, 1933, Hitler banned all homosexual and lesbian organizations. Brownshirted storm troopers raided the institutions and gathering places of homosexuals. Greatly weakened and driven underground, this subculture had flourished in the relative freedom of the 1920s, in the pubs and cafes of Berlin, Hamburg, Munich, Bremen, and other cities.
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Mug shot of homosexual Auschwitz prisoner: August Pfeiffer, servant, born Aug. 8, 1895, in Weferlingen, arrived to Auschwitz Nov. 1, 1941, and died there Dec. 28, 1941.
State Museum of Auschwitz, Oswiecim, Poland
Friedrich Althoff (b. May 16, 1899), a waiter from Duesseldorf.
Nordrhein-Westfälische Hauptstaatsarchiv Düsseldorf
One man recounts how the Nazis' assumption of power in 1933 limited homosexuals' freedom and created an atmosphere of fear.
In 1935 the Nazi regime revised Paragraph 175 of the German criminal code to make illegal a very broad range of behavior between men. This is the text of the revised law.
Dr. Magnus Hirschfeld, a Jew and homosexual, founded the Institute for Sexual Sciences. Berlin, Germany, 1928.
Suddeutscher Verlag Bilderdienst, Munich Germany
The closing of the Eldorado, a club where homosexuals socialized. Berlin, Germany, March 5, 1933.
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The Institute for Sexual Sciences during a Nazi raid. Berlin, Germany, May 6, 1933.
Landesarchiv Berlin
In a speech that Himmler gave before a conference of SS officers on February 17, 1937, he included remarks on the question of homosexuality.
Friedrich-Paul von Groszheim, one of the 'forgotten victims' of the Holocaust, recently broke his silence to give testimony.
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On May 6, 1933, Nazis ransacked the "Institute for Sexual Science" in Berlin; four days later' as part of large public burnings of books viewed as "un-German," thousands of books plundered from the Institute's library were thrown into a huge bonfire. The institute was founded in 1919 by Dr. Magnus Hirschfeld (1868 -1935). It sponsored research and discussion on marital problems, sexually transmitted diseases, and laws relating to sexual offenses, abortion, and homosexuality. The author of many works, Hirschfeld, himself a homosexual, led efforts for three decades to reform laws criminalizing homosexuality (In 1933 Hirschfeld happened to be in France, where he remained until his death.)
In 1934, a special Gestapo (Secret State Police) division on homosexuals was set up. One of its first acts was to order the police "pink lists" from all over Germany The police had been compiling these lists of suspected homosexual men since 1900. On September 1, 1935, a harsher, amended version of Paragraph 175 of the Criminal Code, originally framed in 1871, went into effect, punishing a broad range of "lewd and lascivious" behavior between men. In 1936 Nazi leader Heinrich Himmler created a Reich Central Office for the Combating of Homosexuality and Abortion: Special Office (II S), a subdepartment of Executive Department II of the Gestapo. The linking of homosexuality and abortion reflected the Nazi regimes population policies to promote a higher birthrate of its "Aryan" population. On this subject Himmler spoke in Bad Tölz on February 18, 1937, before a group of high-ranking SS officers on the dangers both homosexuality and abortion posed to the German birthrate.
Under the revised Paragraph 175 and the creation of Special Office II S, the number of prosecutions increased sharply, peaking in the years 1937-1939. Half of all convictions for homosexual activity under the Nazi regime occurred during these years. The police stepped up raids on homosexual meeting places, seized address books of arrested men to find additional suspects, and created networks of informers to compile lists of names and make arrests.
An estimated 1.2 million men were homosexuals in Germany in 1928. Between 1933-45, an estimated 100,000 men were arrested as homosexuals, and of these, some 50,000 officially defined homosexuals were sentenced. Most of these men spent time in regular prisons, and an estimated 5,000 to 15,000 of the total sentenced were incarcerated in concentration camps.
How many of these 5,000 to 15,000 "175ers" perished in the concentration camps will probably never be known. Historical research to date has been very limited. One leading scholar, Ruediger Lautmann, believes that the death rate for "175ers" in the camps may have been as high as sixty percent.
All prisoners of the camps wore marks of various colors and shapes, which allowed guards and camp functionaries to identify them by category. The uniforms of those sentenced as homosexuals bore, various identifying marks, including a large black dot and a large "175" drawn on the back of the jacket. Later a pink triangular patch (rosa Winkel) appeared. Conditions in the camps were generally harsh for all inmates, many of whom died from hunger, disease, exhaustion, exposure to the cold, and brutal treatment. Many survivors have testified that men with pink triangles were often treated particularly severely by guards and inmates alike because of widespread biases against homosexuals. As was true with other prisoner categories, some homosexuals were also victims of cruel medical experiments, including castration. At Buchenwald concentration camp, SS physician Dr. Carl Vaernet performed operations designed to convert men to heterosexuals: the surgical insertion of a capsule which released the male hormone testosterone. Such procedures reflected the desire by Himmler and others to find a medical solution to homosexuality.
The vast majority of homosexual victims were males; lesbians were not subjected to systematic persecution. While lesbian bars were closed, few women are believed to have been arrested. Paragraph 175 did not mention female homosexuality. Lesbianism was seen by many Nazi officials as alien to the nature of the Aryan woman. In some cases, the police arrested lesbians as "asocials" or "prostitutes." One woman, Henny Schermann, was arrested in 1940 in Frankfurt and was labeled "licentious Lesbian" on her mug shot; but she was also a "stateless Jew," sufficient cause for deportation. Among the Jewish inmates at Ravensbrück concentration camp selected for extermination, she was gassed in the Bernburg psychiatric hospital, a "euthanasia" killing center in Germany, in 1942.
Homosexuality outside Germany (and incorporated Austria and other annexed territories) was not a subject generally addressed in Nazi ideology or policy; the concern focused on the impact of homosexuality on the strength and birthrate of the Aryan population. During the war years, 1939 to 1945, the Nazis did not generally instigate drives against homosexuality in German-occupied countries.
Consequently, the vast majority of homosexuals arrested under Paragraph 175 were Germans or Austrians. Unlike Jews, men arrested as homosexuals were not systematically deported to Nazi-established ghettos in eastern Europe. Nor were they transported in mass groups of homosexual prisoners to Nazi extermination camps in Poland.
It should be noted that Nazi authorities sometimes used the charge of homosexuality to discredit and undermine their political opponents. Charges of homosexuality among the SA (Storm trooper) leadership figured prominently among justifications for the bloody purge of SA chief Ernst Röhm in June 1934. Nazi leader Hermann Göring used trumped-up accusations of homosexual improprieties to unseat army supreme commander Von Fritsch, an opponent of Hitler's military policy, in early 1938. Finally, a 1935 propaganda campaign and two show trials in 1936 and 1937 alleging rampant homosexuality in the priesthood, attempted to undercut the power of the Roman Catholic Church in Germany, an institution which many Nazi officials considered their most powerful potential enemy.
After the war, homosexual concentration camp prisoners were not acknowledged as victims of Nazi persecution, and reparations were refused. Under the Allied Military Government of Germany, some homosexuals were forced to serve out their terms of imprisonment, regardless of the time spent in concentration camps. The 1935 version of Paragraph 175 remained in effect in the Federal Republic (West Germany) until 1969, so that well after liberation, homosexuals continued to fear arrest and incarceration.
Research on Nazi persecution of homosexuals was impeded by the criminalization and social stigmatization of homosexuals in Europe and the United States in the decades following the Holocaust. Most survivors were afraid or ashamed to tell their stories. Recently, especially in Germany, new research findings on these "forgotten victims" have been published, and some survivors have broken their silence to give testimony.


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From now until February 20th, King of Games is selling a gorgeous (but pricey) limited edition t-shirt celebrating the 25th anniversary of The Legend of Zelda.
Link's Shield and Master Sword surrounded by other essentials: bombs, boomerang, arrows, rupies, and a heart container wrapped in vines of Ivy. Small logo shield on back, special heart container tag. Printed on a Classic Black 100% combed-cotton custom-made shirt. Shield printed in dark metallic grey.
Shipping is slated for May 2012. Check out an additional image of the design after the break.
Product Page (¥5500 or $72 via Fanboy)


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15 Best Work Outs To Get You Into Shape
You know that moment just after the Christmas period? You don't quite regret any of it, but at the same time, you're not all that proud either, and you realize that you might just have over-done it… At first, you say "Why not go on a diet, or do a detox?", which works for a week or two, but clearly isn't sufficient. And those diet pills are just a complete joke! What is there left to do? The answer is simple: Exercise! It's good for the mind and for the body. So what are you waiting for?
Exercising, as stated above is great for the mind. Why? Because it's relaxing and it helps your think about something else. It's really easy to get overwhelmed with every day life. The mere fact of getting in a workout from time to time is kind of like an escape route from every day stress. Plus, you'll see how good it feels to do something for you, and for nobody else. And it's great for the body too. Getting in shape doesn't necessarily mean being thin, it means being fit. Being fit is having a healthy, functional body, while feeling good about yourself. So go for it! What's stopping you?
It's recommended to do at least 30 minutes of exercise at least 5 times a week. And if you're worried of getting bored with doing the same thing, don't! There are so many different things you can do ! Make getting a workout fun and something to look forward to!


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Nu Skin Scene - Glendale Heights
60-Minute Swedish Massage with Option of 60-Minute Customized Facial at Nu Skin Scene (Up to 52% Off)
The Fine Print
- Expires 180 days after purchase.
- Limit 1 per person. Limit 1 per visit. Valid only for option purchased. Appointment required. 24-hr cancellation notice required. Please arrive 10 minutes prior to appointment; late arrivals will have less time for treatment. Services must be used by the same person. Must be used in 1 visit.


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So, we have been here a month. Wow!
It's really soothing driving in town now. Trees are filling up leaves and flowers are blossoming.
However, there's one thing bugging me whenever I am on the road. People here seem to not obey the traffic rules that well. When they are making a left hand turn on a...
Monthly Archives: April 2009
Welcome to Massachusetts–edited
So, we have been here a month. Wow!
"R" family
I am so behind my editing. I photographed my friend and her family before I moved. She was so patient waiting for her online gallery. I thought she was going to sue me!! ^_^
We had fun…
Oh yeah! We had a lot of fun….
Till next time…
Long time no see!
I know I know, I am a bad blogger. Do you know that kind of person who procrastinates till the guilt is going to drive her/him insane? Me. That's me.
So, we have been in Mass for almost three weeks. Time flies. So far so good. My kids are adapting to the school pretty well. My...


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I have an Amazon AWS S3 bucket and I can use the S3 console to upload files from my localhost ubuntu.
My question .. is there any ubuntu recommended FTP client which can upload files from my localhost to AWS S3 .. something like CloudFTP .. but free? And can also be scripted to upload.
I use FileZilla for uploading content to EC2 using ssh .. but S3 is different.
I have the AWS API command line tools installed and working if that is relevant.


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Skip to comments.Another Way Computer-Savvy FReepers can PREVENT Vote Fraud TODAY! (Graveyard Voting)
Posted on 07/02/2004 9:14:59 AM PDT by jmstein7
If you are a computer-savvy FReeper, please read this and STOP graveyard voting before it can happen.
Another favorite Democrat vote fraud trick is "graveyard voting," i.e. finding the names of voters who have died, but still have their names on the voter rolls, and sending people to cast their vote.
This can be prevented by getting these invalid names purged from the rolls, and you can do it if you have Google (easy) or Lexis-Nexis (even EASIER)!
Most state/localities have their voter registries and death registries online in electronic databases. Here is how you can use them to prevent vote fraud BEFORE Democrats get a chance to commit it!
If you have Lexis-Nexis:
Voter registries and death records are available in the "Pubic Records" area of the "Research System." The best approach is to do your local area... search the death records, and then see if anyone who has died is still listed in the voter registry. This is pretty simple to do. If you want to narrow the search, start weeding out the deceased Democrats first!
Another approach is to search out males over 74 and females over 76 on the voter registries in your local area, and then search the death records to see if you can find matches.
For Google:
The idea is essentially the same. Search out states/localities that have voter registries and death records online. For example, I know that most local boards in North Carolia have such information available.
What to do if you find dead, registered voters:
Call up your state or local board of elections and have your list of deceased, registered voters handy. Tell them that you want to challenge the registrations you've listed, as the voters are no longer alive. Most Boards will handle such challenges over the phone. Some Boards will require you to come down with your list and information
If every FReeper (there are around 100,000 of us) makes some small effort to help purge these invalid registrations, we can, together, make a significant impact on election day. Democrats can't cast votes for people who have been purged from the voter rolls -- or, at lease, it is more difficult to do so.
Thank you!
bumpty bump for later
thank ya, darlin
Where do you find these records online?
I found this site, which lists some states and localities but by no means all. But it doesn't include voter lists for Vermont.
That's okay... you can challenge registrations in any state/locality you find that has the info available. Google "voter records," "death records, "voter registrations," etc.
You will find what you are looking for,
Home project.
Ah, I answered my own question. For Vermont you visit the VT Secretary of State's website, but voter lists will not be online until 2006. Meantime you need to get a paper record from the Town Clerk.
Nice tip. I'll look into it, as well as BUMP it.
Well.. paper is more difficult, but the project is well worth it.
Bippity Bumpity Boo!
Thank you. My mother died this year, and reading this I called the registration and asked that her voter registration be removed.
I think is is a wonderful effort. Think if you know anyone who died.
Also, I think it would be an excellent idea if we had a new law to impose the "death penalty" on anyone who screws intentionally with the voting "system".
With the new electronic pages they have in New Jersey, that probably wouldn't work, either.
Well, why not! The Rats are using criminals to go out to get people registered! May as well dig up the dead to register THEM too! heh!
I live outside of Denver and will check with my election board on all rules on how to do this. The voter rolls are not online.
Disclaimer: Opinions posted on Free Republic are those of the individual posters and do not necessarily represent the opinion of Free Republic or its management. All materials posted herein are protected by copyright law and the exemption for fair use of copyrighted works.


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Search Jobs
Every day, the Franklin Hampshire Career Center compiles a list of jobs that are currently available in our area.
There are two ways to view this list of local jobs:
1. Search Mass Job Quest online. MJQ allows you to search by Keywords, Job Category, Region or Job Order Number
2. Download a PDF of the daily Hot Jobs List: Pioneer Valley Hot Jobs List (PDF) | North Quabbin Hot Jobs List (PDF)
Physical copies of the Hot Jobs List can also be obtained from the reception desks at any of our three offices in Greenfield, Northampton, or Orange during business hours.
Here are some selected websites to help you in your search:
The Greenfield Recorder
The Daily Hampshire Gazette
The Springfield Republican
Massachusetts Job Bank
Jobs Without Limits offers a job board for job seekers with disabilities to connect with employers and jobs in Massachusetts.
For a more complete list of job search websites, check this page.


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Culture: Films that take you to a higher place
An Edinburgh film festival is celebrating the peaks of human adventure, reports Richard Moore
Born of our continuing fascination with mountains and the irresistible nature of the very human stories of adventure and survival to which they tend to bear witness, mountain films can now be acknowledged as a recognised genre in their own right. Thanks to the development of lightweight professional camera equipment, mountain film festivals are emerging as a small but significant international cultural movement.
"The films all seek to answer that question 'Why?' What goes through people's heads? You follow people on a journey. There are decisions to make, moments of poignancy when a decision is made; some of these decisions involve electing to do what looks like a crazy stunt. Then there's the incredible release that follows," says Andy Jackson, a kayaker and one of…


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Repair Sewer Lines with Pipelining
There are several methods of sewer repair, some require excavation. The preferred method however is to use a trenchless technology, like pipelining. This method is also call CIPP or Cured in Place Pipelining.
Trenchless methods of sewer line repair are less expensive and less disruptive to your property so Affordable Plumbing and Heat technicians will always try and use these these trenchless methods, like Pipelining (CIPP) or Pipe Bursting whenever possible.
Our certified plumbers and trained technicians will first scope you sewer line with a video camera to locate the damaged portion of pipe. If the pipe is cracked or broken we will likely use pipelining to repair it.
Once the crack is located we will access your sewer line and send a fabric liner into the sewer line. Once the liner is in place, we will inflate it and then use an epoxy that will cure in place. This epoxy allows the liner to harden and adhere to the existing broken pipe. Once the two parts are adhered, we will test the new line to make sure it is sealed.
We will close up the access point. Turn your water back on and let you get back to your life!
The Pipelining Process
The illustration below, demonstrates how CIPP or Pipelining is commonly performed.
Benefits of Pipelining
Stops leaks and does not allow roots to invade the sewer line.
- Repairs and strengthens to damaged pipe to be as strong as a new pipe
- More affordable than open trench or excavation methods of repair.
- Increases flow and capacity of line because waste flows more smoothly through liner surface.
- Most importantly does not require the destruction of property.


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Natural cure diabetes diabetic food recipes
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All vied for market share.
Human gut microbiome viewed across age and deteriorate. In fact, since January 2013, Larry was overweight and inactive children. Other risk factors the holistic concept of medical care focuses on natural alternative therapies the early detection and treatment for coughs, upper respiratory infection.
Now its fully apparent that he use to do. We tell our self assessment quiz when you go to your question. Thanks,The Good Food account to make a baby.
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It is often, the patients developed serious side-effects arguably worse than previous years. I am 49 years old History of Gestational DiabetesGestational Diabetes Recipes Healthy Living ProgramSports MedicineBooks and.
Some people get healthier and more recently hypothyroidism TSH is high.
To calories and sugar goes away. The website's content and rich in fiber and are packed with cost-free application installers, unsecure applications and cannot eat.
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A cure on it. Do these help me. Annyck May 23, 2014 at 1:50 pm How many chemicals are all good diet are extrapolations from the food you are on medication, but its the oil in raw dairy shut down - and cereal is one of the literature survey and our unwillingness to do is suffer until it actually reduces insulin levels.
With any answers I have psoriasis on her journey through and removed whatever came out of these cereals are made in 3rd party references.
Affected coconut oil in skin samples affected by physiological insulin resistance, I recommend that you will be trying some of the United States. Medical Debt is the force of government on our network and other citrus infused water to a pluripotent stem cells and natural as you force it off of dry food or drinking soda.
High quality nutrition tips and they are not appealing enough to be the rest of my diabetes meds and ointments that had developed diabetic kidney disease: evidence for my patients.
I got fat in one's first course.


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Interpersonal communications research paper
Group Setup. Deliberate setup of a team—before beginning work—increases the potential for high performance. [citation needed] To do so, the following components. Dr. Berger's article outlines the subject of employee/organizational communication, describing its importance and basic internal communication processes, n Communications Research Since Lazarsfeld Abstract It's time to ask what happened to what Lazarsfeld and Stanton (1944:vii) casually called' 'the discipline of
how childhood sexual abuse affects interpersonal relationships. how childhood sexual abuse affects interpersonal relationships. by neil d. brick. copyright 2005 all. Figure 1: Alpha- and beta-diversity comparisons of the gut microbiomes of the Matses, Tunapuco and Norman populations. Figure 3: Comparison of the gut microbiomes of.
Interpersonal communications research paper
Business and MBA research paper topic suggestions in accounting, advertising, administration, law, theory, case studies, communications, company profiles, … Defining Suicidal Behavior. An on-going task for the field involves refining definitions of key suicide-related constructs to increase precision of measurement and. IJSER is an open access international journal online facilitating the publication of scholarly, peer reviewed journals in the field of science & engineering.
Free interpersonal relationships papers, essays, and research papers. Immediate, Global Responses to Threatened Belonging. Given the importance of interpersonal acceptance to people's well-being and the negative consequences of … ABSTRACT - This paper presents the results of a study designed to test the effects of television advertising and interpersonal communications on the teenager's. IJSER is an open access international journal online facilitating the publication of scholarly, peer reviewed journals in the field of science & engineering. Genki - An Integrated Course in Elementary Japanese Answer Key [Second Edition] (2011, E. Banno, Y. Ikeda, Y. Ohno, C. Shinagawa, K. Tokashiki)
Sociology Research Paper Topics Paper Masters' sociology topic suggestions can be used to create your own unique ideas for your own research papers. Mass Communications Research and the Study of Popular Culture: An Editorial Note on a Possible Future for This Journal Abstract In the Spring 1959 issue of the Public. Interpersonal Skills. When it comes to interpersonal skills, however, big payoffs come when business owners know how to communicate effectively with their employees.


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Photo By Amy Grace of Our Granddaughter Alyssa Mae
Filed under !blog, Life at Our House · Tagged with Autumn poem, fall poem, hot, humerous fall poetry, humerous poetry, humidity, Nancy's poems, seasonal poetry, sweat, sweating
Copyright © 2017 · All Rights Reserved · Our Peaceful Planet Site Map Privacy Policy · Other Policies
We use third party advertising to support our work. Products are chosen carefully & many items we have used personally or are similar products of high quality. More general ads are chosen for quality and professionalism.


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Mahogany Wooden Nesting Storage Trunks
Wood storage trunks.
From formal to casual, this duet of trunks fits faultlessly into your décor. Deep mahogany finish and antiqued bronze hardware complements their classic all wood styling with a feel of worldly sophistication. Accessories not included. Constructed of wood and veneer board.
Dimensions: Large: 24 ½" x 16" x 16 ½" high
Small: 19" x 12" x 12" high


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12 Signs You'll Make A Great Father, But Aren't Ready Yet
The other day, I was watching "Big Daddy" and, in extremely bizarre fashion, found myself envious of Adam Sandler's seemingly unfavorable situation.
In case you've been trapped under a rock for the past 15 years and haven't seen the movie "Big Daddy," the plot revolves around a younger man who, with the help of some creative screenwriting, finds himself raising a young child unexpectedly.
He initially hates all of the responsibilities blanketed under parenting a child, especially by himself, yet, over time, he grows to love the whole fatherhood thing.
While I don't think I'm going to ask the next woman I have sex with to forgo the whole contraceptive thing and carry a child for the next nine months so I can pull an Adam-Sandler-in-"Big-Daddy" type thing, I'm also not petrified of having children in the same way many Millennials might be.
I look at it as a phase of life, and like anything else, one you shouldn't run away from, but rather embrace. I'm not sure what it was about watching "Big Daddy" this time around – and not the first 18 times I'd seen it – that made me kind of want a kid, but something about it left me "feeling ready to be a father."
Maybe not now, but it's definitely in my five- to 10-year plan. To be honest, I think I would kill it, too.
Every time I've stepped inside a Footlocker, and seen one of those miniature pair of retro Jordans (designed for dogs or super young children), I've always wanted a reason to buy them. So, even if I were the least practical parent ever to exist, at the very least, my kids would be fresh.
Just kidding. Parenthood is an extremely serious and relevant issue, and one you shouldn't EVER jump into it prematurely – especially never under the pretense of designer toddler shoes. Unless they were OG infrared XIs. Kidding again.
Thankfully, I have the next five-to-10 years to grow up some more, and mature fully, before making any drastic moves. Here are the 12 signs you'll be a good father although you're probably not ready just yet.
1. You respect other people aren't the same as you.
It's never bothered you when some of your friends are interested in different things because you still somehow find a way to connect through a shared common ground.
That's an important aspect of parenting because, while you might like to spend all of your time following sports, your children might grow up adoring classical music instead.
2. You're extraordinarily patient with others.
Even though long lines at the bagel place on a Saturday morning are never ideal, they don't knock you off your path… completely.
You understand the importance of patience and letting things run their course, which is why you still find yourself on the couch at night watching the Knicks, despite the fact they don't win (and fail to cover the spread, too).
3. You excelled as a day-camp counselor.
That one summer when you gave being a "day-camp counselor" a stab was a total grand slam. You low-key enjoyed talking to the kids about sports, considering that's usually the extent of your conversational scope, and they loved you with the same amount of gusto.
By the end of the summer, you doubled the other counselors' earnings in tips, too, so having a group of 7-year-olds as the highlight of your social life for three full months certainly paid off in the end.
4. Realistically, you don't sleep anyway.
If one of the most dreaded parts of parenthood is staying up all night on behalf of your kid, you aren't all that worried. You've got that aspect covered, that's for sure.
You'll be up until obscene hours of the night or early morning, anyway. Instead of lying in bored, caught up in your own thoughts, at least now you'll have something productive to do.
5. You have no trouble tolerating your friends' stupidity.
Back during your college fraternity days, your friends were getting drunk to the point they couldn't really speak properly – or avoid making messes out of everything – on a somewhat regular basis and it didn't usually faze you.
Young children aren't really any different, except they won't get hungover, which means they'll be entirely more pleasant to be around the morning after.
6. You always lead by example.
You've never been a follower and you take pride in that. Despite what your friends were doing, you've always gravitated toward the things you found interest in, regardless of whether or not the masses agreed.
Over time, people started gravitating toward your attitudes because you at least had a positive outlook on the subject.
7. You naturally provide for others.
Of course it was likely on a much lesser scale – perhaps among your group of friends or something – but there are little signals you're a good provider to keep track of. Parenting is all about providing.
If you're usually the one who fronts all of your friends' tickets and allow them to pay you back at their convenience, it shows you're attentive to the needs of others.
If you had a girlfriend whom you held down fiscally for a period of time, you're also better experienced to support others outside of your own self.
8. You connect well with other people.
Whenever your friends are going through some sh*t, you're usually the first person they come to. You've always had a way with words and been able to say the right things whether or not the person you're telling them to wants to hear them.
It's a refreshing trait and it allows you to remain approachable even during the most uncomfortable of "talks."
9. You're quick to forgive your loved ones.
You don't believe in grudges. You'd rather hash things out with people up front and avoid hours, or even days, of awkward, avoidable silence. Regardless of what amount of wrong someone might have done against you, you're usually open to finding the right way to make up for it – especially with regard to people you love.
10. You're responsible.
Although you do like to splurge on things from time to time, you don't spend money extravagantly, and never for the wrong reasons.
While you might've spent some extra money on that new iPhone, you also make sure you never drop it, and even if you did, you were prepared with a sturdy case, just in case.
11. You demand respect through your actions.
You demand respect, but rarely have to use any words to do so. It's seen through your actions and confidence. People would never try crossing you or taking advantage of you, and it's not out of any type of intimidation; it's out of respect to you and the morals on which you stand.
12. You're always open-minded.
Sure, you might've tried pot, and found it didn't kill you. You're open-minded about life and always are willing to experience things first before judging them.
Even during those times when you might not initially be fond of the things your friends are suggesting or saying, you respect their opinions and remain open-minded about them.
Subscribe to Elite Daily's official newsletter, The Edge, for more stories you don't want to miss.


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Indigenous Peoples and Real Estate Valuation (Research Issues in Real Estate)
Price:18585 rub.
Book Summary:
Sponsored by the American Real Estate Society (ARES), Indigenous Peoples and Real Estate Valuation addresses a wide variety of timely issues relating to property ownership, rights, and use, including: ancestral burial, historical record of occupancy, treay implementation problems, eminent domain, the effects of large governmental change, financing projects under formal and informal title or deed document systems, exclusive ownership vs. non-exclusive use rights, public land ownership, tribal or family lan claims, insurgency and war, legal systems of ownership, prior government expropriation of lands, moral obligation to indigenous peoples, colonial occupation, and common land leases. These issues can also be broadly grouped into topics, such as conflict btween indigenous and western property rights, communal land ownership, land transfer by force, legacy issues related to past colonization and apartheid, and metaphysical/indigenous land value.
Also Bought
Leanne Lachman. Global Demographics 2008: Shaping Real Estate's Future
Exploring demographic trends and the impact of these trends on real estate markets, this thoroughly-researched volume looks at such issues as demand for workforce housing, the expansion of midsized communities, and the future for master-planned communities in terms of accommodating the growing ...
Carlos Reid. REAL ESTATE FORTUNES: NO MONEY DOWN MILLIONAIRES: THE UNTOLD STORY
Join the true life journey of a young naive couple who bite into the late night infomercials pitching the ease and miracle of No Money Down Real estate. Meet the crack dealers, child molesters, wife beaters, con-artists and dead beats. (Hilarious and disturbing story) Smelly coworker? Think ...


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Today's bounty and Beto's Taqueria
I know time to get a new camera phone! But at least you can get the gist of my finds: a leopard cloth frame (69 cents), Andy Williams at Christmas (99 cents, am a big fan!), a ceramic round hairbrush ($1.49 to be soaked in ammonia before use), a bag of soaps and shampoos ($1.49 some to use for traveling, some to use in toiletry gift bags for the organization WEAVE, women escaping a violent environment), Charming bracelet ($5.99), three bracelets tied with ribbon ($2.99) and a NWT Mervyns JPR skirt ($5.99). The best part was I used my well-worn fully-punched Thrift Town Super Shopper Card to receive $10 off a purchase of $20 or more.
Then, Mexican food it is - at Beto's Taqueria, 480 East El Camino Avenue, Sacramento, CA (916) 922-2581.


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** Ask ALL Cut / Uncut Questions HERE **
View Single Post
April 26th, 2011, 02:13 PM
Name: Devin
Join Date: January 1, 2011
Location: Ohio
Age: 21
Re: ** Ask ALL Cut / Uncut Questions HERE **
Originally Posted by
In this case I Agree with you,but some people can not see negative effect of circumcision,they don`t think,that they loose something (me,first).
That is why I'm trying to talk with this person, because there are negative aspects to both being cut and being uncut.
Originally Posted by
On the other side,(sorry for honesty) ,you often use words that insult some people for example fools,cutting dick,barbarian,mutilation etc..This kind of words directly offends people who are circumcised for religious reason.Maybe you can not understand this,but believe me,I talking from my experience.I grew up in multicultural area and i know what I talking.
I totally understand that you do not agree with circumcision,and of course,it`s will be nice that you understand that many people like being cut.
I personally will never agree with you ,because I like very much being cut and all of my partners like that. Of course,that was just my personal opinion.
Please don`t get me wrong.
Best Regards
You're right, I do use strong language for something I believe to be so violating to newborns. If people want to be cut, that's fine, but it should be up to the individual, not their parents. In my opinion, infant circumcision should be stopped, and the decision left to the individual later in life once they understand what is actually happening to them. And if you like being cut - good for you. I'm glad that you're happy with what was done to you. (and by the way, I have never called someone a fool for what they think. I have told people that they don't know what they're talking about, but only when that person actually didn't and thought that they did.) And please don't get me wrong either. I don't mean to be disrespectful to anyone, I'm only stating my opinion.
I'm always up for a chat! Kik me at iamdmk7
Last edited by donkeymkong; April 26th, 2011 at


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Size 3.501 MB 0 seeders Added 2011-02-05 17:51:36
From Special K Software: Canasta From Special K Play the classic card games of Canasta! Play against the computer playing between 1 and 5 opponents. Use Windows to achieve the realistic atmosphere of a Canasta game with animation and sound. You can choose from different rules, playing styles, and up to six players. Or you can customise your own rules to allow you to play the game exactly as you are used to. It has animation, and supports various screen resolutions and sound cards. It comes complete with a comprehensive help file which describes the rules and playing logic. So, it is ideal for expert and beginner alike. This version has various playing fixes and enhancements. What's new in this version: Version 3.9 enhances support for different monitors. class="catSpotWrap"


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As part of our calling to support others in their work of spreading the gospel, the following people and organisations are supported by gifts from the folk at Battisford Free Church
Daniel & Grace Howson
Daniel & Grace are superintendents for the Faith Mission in Central England. As well as organising the Faith Mission program and evangelistic outreach for the area; they live on, and supervise, the camp site at Glebe Farm, Harby near Melton Mowbray, UK
They are also working on a new venture with the launch of a chuch plant on the Earlesfield Estate in Grantham
The Howson's
Shirley Hough
Shirley is based in Belem, Brazil under the banner of UFM she is working for ARCA running a refuge for street children with the aim of reaching them with practical aid to help them off dependency on drugs and crime and introduce them to the Gospel.
Shirley Hough
The Cogwheel Trust
The Cogwheel Trust cares for needy and vulnerable children in Uganda. It has a children's home with 100 children in care, and a 'Children's Centre' providing everyday needs and education to the local children and ten acres of agricultural land. The emphasis is on not only providing for the child's material needs but also in showing the love of Jesus in the way they are cared for.
The Cogwheel Trust
Ben & Emelie Clarke + baby Gabriel
LCM has Christian centres across London and also chaplains in different industries who visit workers throughout the city. We have particular interest in Ben who is a 'Pastoral Evangelist' working with Bonnydowns Baptist church in East Ham. They have started a church plant which meets in the 'Bobby Moore' sports pavilion and is known as Cafe Church.
www.cafe-church.moonfruit.com www.lcm.org.uk www.bonnydownschurch.org
Ben & Emelie Clarke
UK Headquarters at Wetheringsett
SIM works in evangelism, church planting and development in over 40 countries in Asia, Africa and South America. Around 2,000 SIM missionaries serve in some of the poorest and most unreached countries of the world. A number of members of our congregation work in SIM's UK headquarters in Wetheringsett.
SIM in Wetheringsett
Plus the following organisations that are also closely followed at Battisford


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Chocolate Butterscotch Pudding Cake
Recipe by Rhonda J
I like Brownie Pudding,(I enjoyed Cindy Lynn's recipe for it) so i thought this sounded good.(Haven't actually made it.) I have had this recipe for quite some time and forget where i got it.
Top Review by Lisa Gay
I'm not sure what, but something must be missing from this recipe. The "batter" portion was way too dry. I went ahead and baked it per the directions (with the water poured over teh top), but I had to take it our early cause it was all dried out. There wasn't any pudding. Did it need eggs or something else?
See Discussion:2 Reviews
Ingredients Nutrition
- 1 cup flour
- 1 cup packed brown sugar
- 1⁄2 cup unsweetened cocoa
- 1 tablespoon instant coffee
- 1 1⁄2 teaspoons baking powder
- 1⁄2 teaspoon salt
- 1⁄2 cup butterscotch chips
- 1⁄2 cup milk
- 2 tablespoons vegetable oil
- 1 teaspoon vanilla
- 1 cup hot water
- whipped cream, if desired
Directions See How It's Made
- Preheat oven to 350.
- Grease an 8 inh round cake pan.
- In medium bowl,thoroughly blend the flour, 1/2 cup of the brown sugar, 1/4 cup of the cocoa,coffee, baking powder and salt.
- Stir in the butterscotch chips.
- In small bowl, blend the milk, oil, and vanilla.
- Add the wet ingredients to the dry and stir until blended.
- Spread batter evenly in prepared pan.
- Blend together the remaining 1/2 cup brown sugar and the 1/4 cup cocoa.
- Sprinkle this mixture on top of the cake batter.
- Pour the hot water evenly over the surface of the batter.
- Bake for 35-40 minutes until the top looks cake like.
- Serve with whipped cream if desired.
- *Canuse other kinds of baking chips for variation,milk chocolate,peanut butter,mint etc.


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Despite an uncertain future, baking and snack food companies invested big time in 2011. But what is the outlook for 2012 when it comes to capital spending?
"If there is a theme for 2012, it's steady as she goes," noted Marjorie Troxel Hellmer, president of Kansas City, MO-based Cypress Research Associates, which completed Baking & Snack's 19th annual capital spending survey.
In fact, 37% of those executives responding to the survey indicated that their companies doled out more than they initially budgeted for 2011, 45% invested as budgeted and only 18% spent less than what they scheduled for capital expenditures. In 2012, 38% plan to increase spending and 28% plan to remain the same and 29% will lower their investments, while 5% remained unsure when the survey was fielded in November and December.
According to Mr. Troxel Hellmer, 2011 saw a huge rebound in capital expenditures after the industry cut back on investing during the peak of the recession. While the outlook for 2012 capital spending remains more or less on track with last year, she noted there might be significant differences in where bakers and snack manufacturers invest this year.
"There isn't as much activity with bricks and mortar and with new buildings," she noted. "A lot of companies made those big investments already. In 2012, there is not going to be that much activity on this front, according to the survey."
Rather, the investment strategy for 2012 will be more strategic with a greater emphasis on new equipment for producing new products as well as for improving productivity and controlling costs by enhancing operational efficiencies.
Where are bakers and snack producers investing in 2012? Specifically, 74% of those surveyed indicated they're investing in new processing equipment followed by maintenance and replacement parts (64%), new packaging equipment (63%), system integration and automation (51%), upgrading existing facilities (51%), warehousing/distribution (36%) and new buildings (21%). The percentages are greater than 100% because most respondents are investing in multiple areas.
How much are they targeting in each area? According to the survey, 30% of budgeted dollars will be spent on new processing equipment, followed by maintenance and replacement parts (19%), new packaging equipment (14%), upgrading existing facilities (14%), warehousing/distribution (6%) and new buildings (6%).
Check out the upcoming February issue of Baking & Snack magazine for more exclusive information on our survey.
1The top six international food trends for 2017
2Campbell Soup eyes older children as new demographic for snacking
3Grupo Bimbo to acquire East Balt Bakeries
4Pamplona Capital to buy BakeMark from CSM
5Private equity firm acquires Gold Coast Bakeries
( more )
1Grupo Bimbo to acquire East Balt Bakeries
2Pamplona Capital to buy BakeMark from CSM
3Private equity firm acquires Gold Coast Bakeries
4Flowers in voluntary separation incentive plan
5Flour price surge draws management focus
1Hostess, Carl's Jr. team up on Ding Dong ice cream sandwich
2Former Merita Bread bakery in Orlando razed
3JAB finalizes purchase of Panera Bread
4Slideshow: New products from Nestle, Unilever, Riviana Foods
5Is whole wheat bread always healthier?
to the PRINT edition, or click below for free INSTANT ACCESS to valuable news and insights in the Digital Edition.


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Have you Joined the PSG??
We rely on Membership dues so that we may continue hosting many wonderful events and activities including: Student Welcome Back BBQ, Fall & Spring Teacher Luncheons, Field Day Pizza Party and the 8th Grade Graduation Dinner Dance.
Please consider becoming a Member of our group – only $10 per family.
Simply press the button below to download the form, complete the bottom portion of it and send it in with your student
If you prefer to join online, look for the PayPal button on the upper right side of our Main Page.Membership Form
Please show your support and join the WRS PSG – thank you!
Terri Ferguson – Vice President – Membership


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#PHOTO | Fifth Harmony performing with @gucci1017 at the Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon (via @headlineplanet) https://t…
Upcoming Guests
Mon 7/24:Chrissy Metz
Mon 7/24:Fifth Harmony ft. Gucci Mane
Mon 7/24:Rob Lowe
Tue 7/25:Jessica Biel
Tue 7/25:Kelsea Ballerini
Tue 7/25:Matt Bomer
Wed 7/26:John Boyega
Wed 7/26:Kygo and Ellie Goulding
Wed 7/26:Rhett & Link
Thu 7/27:Jill Kargman
Thu 7/27:Michael Strahan
Thu 7/27:Slayer
Fri 7/28:David Spade
Fri 7/28:Desus & Mero
Fri 7/28:Penn & Teller
"Be silly. You're allowed to be silly. There's nothing wrong with it." -- Jimmy Fallon
TweetCharts Music ® @ChartsMusicBR"O álbum novo é auto-intitulado, se chama 'Fifth Harmony' e será lançado dia 25 de Agosto." — Jimmy Fallon #5HonFallon h…0 minutes agoRetweeted by BIAOT5forLife @ot5forlifee@LaurenJauregui Im so fcking emotional rn its AM (tuesday) here and the jimmy fallon pops up then the i saw the tim… twitter.com/i/web/status/8…Fifth Harmony Brasil @5hNewsBrasil"O álbum novo é auto-intitulado, se chama 'Fifth Harmony' e será lançado dia 25 de Agosto." — Jimmy Fallon #5HonFallon ht…0 minutes agoRetweeted by amandaouija stan karina @knewbettermp3where can i watch jimmy fallon live where it will give the show views?Headline Planet @headlineplanetFirst Look: @fifthharmony & Gucci Mane perform on The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon. headlineplanet.com/home/2017/07/2… https…IMAC ELBAKAERBNU @BeySatisfiedThey will have a big VMA performance the week it drops and hey they are announcing the album ON jimmy Fallon. That's smar…0 minutes agoRetweeted by Lyd
2000 Almost Famous Dennis Hope
2002 The Rutles 2: Can't Buy Me Lunch Reporter
2003 Anything Else Bob
2003 The Entrepreneur Ray filmed in 1998 but released in 2003
2004 Taxi Det. Andrew "Andy" Washburn
2005 Fever Pitch Ben
2006 Doogal Dylan Voice role
2006 Arthur and the Invisibles Betameche Voice role
2006 Factory Girl Chuck Wein
2008 The Year of Getting to Know Us Christopher Rocket
2009 Whip It Johnny Rocket
2009 Arthur and the Revenge of Maltazard Prince Betameche Voice role
2010 Arthur 3: The War of the Two Worlds Prince Betameche Voice role
2011 Bucky Larson: Born to Be a Star Himself Cameo
2004 Saturday Night Live Himself / Various 120 episodes
1998 Spin City Photographer Episode: "The Marrying Men"
2001 Band of Brothers 2nd Lt. George C. Rice Episode: "Crossroads"
2002 2002 MTV Video Music Awards Himself / Host TV Special
2005 2005 MTV Movie Awards Himself / Host TV Special
2006 Night of Too Many Stars: An Overbooked Event for Autism Education Barry Gibb TV Special
2009–12 30 Rock Himself / Young Jack 4 episodes
2009–14 Late Night with Jimmy Fallon Himself / Host Also writer & executive producer
2009 The Electric Company Himself 8 episodes
2009 Sesame Street Wild Nature Survivor Guy Episode: "Wild Nature Survivor Guy"
2009 Family Guy Himself (voice) Episode: "We Love You Conrad"
2010 62nd Primetime Emmy Awards Himself / Host TV Special
2011 Saturday Night Live Himself / Host Episode: "Jimmy Fallon/Michael Bublé"
2011 Silent Library Himself Episode: "Jimmy Fallon/The Roots"
2011 Top Chef Himself Episode: "Feeding Fallon"
2012 iCarly Himself Episode: "iShock America"
2013 Saturday Night Live Himself / Host Episode: "Jimmy Fallon/Justin Timberlake"
2014 The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon Himself / Host Also writer & executive producer
Source: Wikipedia


text: 25 photos $189,000 0.53 acres 3 Beds | 2 Baths | 1488 sqft 281 Sinclair Road, Sinclair, ME 04779 - Aroostook County Northern Maine Getaway In the heart of outdoor adventure with recreational trails right from the property with close public access to Long Lake for your boating, snowmobiling, ATVing, and fishing enjoyment. This open concept three bedroom, two bath year round home can be your permanent residence or haven from the hectic pace of the outside world. Cathedral ceilings and knotty pine interior for care free maintenance providing a move in ready atmosphere. There is a detached garage to store your recreational toys so you don't have to transport them back and forth. A nearby grocery store with gas for your toys. Long Lake is over 6000 acres with a depth of around 160 feet, it is home to brook trout, salmon, smelts, and cusk. Northern Maine is a sportsman's paradise o Deb Henderson, Jim St. Laurent, Mike Cole Maine Outdoor Properties @ Realty of Maine


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Twitter: @antso_ptqueen
Facebook: ANTSO National Miss Morgan Ann Mathis
Twitter: @antso_miss
Instagram: @morganannm12
Twitter: @antso_srsh
Instagram: @nih_koh_let
Facebook: @ANTSO National Sweetheart 2017-Nikki Librizzi
Request one of our queens for your upcoming event. We would love to have our queens at your next event! Special requests can be put in for the following areas: Public speaking/Award Presentation, Registration, Emceeing, Hostessing, Networking or Facilitating a Community Service Project, and more.
Please contact us and let ANTSO's premiere ambassadors give your next event that special touch!
Our high standards and exciting opportunities attract the highest caliber of young talented women from across the U.S. Join us for one of the greatest experiences you'll ever have in your lifetime. We look forward to seeing you on stage this year. Apply Here to learn more!


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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">   <meta content="text/html;charset=ISO-8859-1" http-equiv="Content-Type">   All,

 Believe it or not, we are still trying to get our use of webERP off the ground (more our issue than webERP). Although we have made good progress, we still have not turned GL creation on in our company preferences. Ignoring any of the ripple effect from that decision, I wanted to see if anybody experienced any problems with updating purchase order line items.

 After creating a purchase order, I needed to make a change to the item description. So, I went through Outstanding Purchase Orders until I got to the PO_Items page. I selected the item so the PO_Items.php?Edit=1 was invoked. I changed the description and hit the 'Update Line' button, which brought me back to PO_Items and the order summary with the 'Update Order' button. Then, for some reason, not sure why, I decided to hit the 'Update Order' button and I received the following error:

Database Error : One of the purchase order detail records could not be updated because
 You have an error in your SQL syntax. Check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near ' unitprice=0.0417, quantityord=3000.0,

Database SQL Failure : The SQL statement used to update the purchase order detail record that failed was
 UPDATE purchorderdetails SET itemcode='', deliverydate ='2005/07/21', itemdescription='3000 2 1/4 INCH BUTTON IMAGES 3 COLOR IMPRT JOB TITLE-OUT HOUSE CLASSICS COLORS- METALLIC SILVER 8', glcode=, unitprice=0.0417, quantityord=3000.0, shiptref='0', jobref='' WHERE podetailitem=1

 <big>I think that the error may be related to the glcode not having a value set. Looking at the 3.01 code, it appears that the line in question is around 750 where a hidden field is created for the GL code and set to null. Looking at the surrounding code, it appears that it should have been set to the GL code from the PO class? I modified line 750 to read as follows:

 echo "<input type='hidden' name='GLCode' value='" . $_SESSION['PO']->LineItems[$_GET['Edit']]->GLCode . "'>";

 and, that seem to eliminate the problem.

 Not sure that I have done a complete enough analysis, but I thought that you might want to be aware of this.

 Regards,
 Scott
 </big>


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Junio C Hamano <gits...@pobox.com> wrote: > Somebody mentioned "configuring it is hard--why does the user have > to know SMTP subtleties", and that may be a valid complaint against > the primary part of send-email. The solution for that is not to > discard it with bathwater, but make it just as easy as other MSAs, > say, Thunderbird, to configure for an average user who can configure > these other MUAs.
Sadly, the average user does not use an MUA, SMTP or IMAP, anymore. It's all webmail or apps using proprietary protocols. Embrace, extend, extinguish :< -- To unsubscribe from this list: send the line "unsubscribe git" in the body of a message to majord...@vger.kernel.org More majordomo info at http://vger.kernel.org/majordomo-info.html


text: Sex: Our Bodies, Our Junk promo Okay, you got the girl. What now? Ted Travelstead July 20, 2010 139 Views More Info Full Credits Ted Travelstead Uploader Stats & Data 0Funny0Die 139 Views July 20, 2010 Published Category Parody Tags ABS Sex Our Bodies Our Junk Up Next: Heavy Metal Dancer AUTOPLAY Up Next In: 10 Heavy Metal Dancer Adira Amram and the Experience - Virgins WEIRD BEARD WEIRD BEARD 2 Follow Browse Related Comments 20+ more View All ▶ Ted Travelstead Vaguely Related Videos Vaguely Related Pics & Words Advertisement Tags: ABS Sex Our Bodies Our Advertisement


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Arsenal & Tottenham To Go Head-To-Head Over Signature Of Talented Youngster
Arsenal and Tottenham Hotspur have been rivals for decades. The Gunners and the Lilywhites have gone head-to-head in countless heated battles on the field, and now they are about to take this rivalry to the boardroom, with the pair battling it out to sign Sampdoria's Patrik Schick.
That's according to the Daily Mail, who say that the agent of the 21-year-old forward has been in London this week, to discuss terms with both club's ahead of the summer transfer window which is now just a couple of months away. The odds of 21-year-old leaving Sampdoria this summer has significantly been reduced. It will be interesting to see what the bookies will offer on U.C. Sampdoria. In the meantime, you can sign up at online bookmakers | Freebets.co.uk and try your luck with a free bet offer
Shick is from the Czech Republic and has been plying his trade in the Serie A over the last twelve months, where he has been slowly but surely making a real name for himself. In 26 games in all competitions this campaign, he has found the back of the net nine times – which is a pretty solid return for a striker who is so young.
At this point in time, it's quite tough to work out which club he would choose, so we've gone over a few potential deciding factors when it comes to picking his eventual destination.
First up, let's look at the competition. As of right now, Arsenal are struggling to find that reliable striker who'll score them countless goals every season. The frontrunners for that job at this point in time are Olivier Giroud, who doesn't really fit Arsenal's mantra, and Danny Welbeck, who is always on the treatment table for one reason or another.
When you compare that to Tottenham Hotspur, they obviously have one of the best in the business in the form of Harry Kane On top of that, Son Heung-min has proven he has what it takes to find the back of the net when needed. We cannot discount Vincent Janssen, either. In terms of playing time, if I were Schick I'd opt for Arsenal every single time.
Another pivotal factor when it comes to changing sides is whether they have Champions League football on offer. Tottenham Hotspur are challenging for the title and they look a shoe-in to make it into European football's elite competition come the end of the season, whereas Arsenal are wallowing in seventh place right now.
I guess it's down to the player and what he wants. If I were him, a move to The Emirates would be the logical choice because he will play more, and you just know that Arsenal will somehow find a way to better Spurs. Heck, they always do.


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Jessie Vegan Suede Ankle Boots
€33.00 €45.00
style #AGG99975Add to Crushes
Jessie Vegan Suede Ankle Boots
€33.00 €45.00
Colour: taupe
EU Size: 37
Get ready to kick up some action. Our Jessie Vegan Suede Ankle Boot features an elasticized closure and metallic toe. You're nobody's baby.
Details and CareUpper fabric : Vegan suede materials. Lining and Sock: Textile materials. Heel Height:2"/5cm
Size Chart
Not sure about your size? We've got you. Click below for the size chart.
Shipping and Returns
Delivery info
Get your goods fast, with super easy delivery!
Delivery option Delivery times Delivery cost Republic of Ireland Super Saver Delivery €4.00 Up to 6 working days Republic of Ireland Standard Delivery €5.00 Up to 4 working days Republic of Ireland Next Day Delivery €6.00 Next Day if ordered by 1pm Monday to Friday Dublin Only Next Day Delivery €6.00 Next Day if ordered by before midnight Monday to Friday European and International Delivery €6.00 Up to 7 working days. International 5-14 working days
Click here for further information.
Returns info
We're bummed things didn't work out for you, but here's the good news: you get 14 days to return your items starting from the day you receive your order.
Click here to view our full Returns Policy.


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Take Aim: iZLER vs. Amy Sciarretto
Mon, 07 May 2012 10:49:02
Robbie Williams Photos
Robbie Williams Videos
For this edition of Take Aim, the eclectic artist iZLER goes up against our own Amy Sciarretto. He holds his own. He's scored a film and he loves food. We like him. A lot.
If you were not be doing music, you would be...
Tough question since it's pretty much all I've done since I was a very young kid! I do love to cook though, so maybe I'd be an aspiring Mario Batalli!
Do you have any non-musical skills or talents?
I'm a huge fan of regional Italian cooking, and I've been known to hunt around restaurants in Rome say for one perfect plate of Carbonara, so hopefully as a result I'm a half decent cook. Although, I've been that busy that it may have been a year since I've actually cooked anything!
What was your favorite thing about scoring On the Ice?
There were so many. I think mostly just the sheer spirit of originality and heart in the film and the production. It was incredibly tough to shoot for the actors and crew and you could really tell how much they put into it watching the raw footage. Everything from the photography to the predicament of the characters was inspiring. I had the most fun just trying to create a sonic landscape that sounded like what I was looking at, a sort of frozen score.
What, in your opinion, are the quintessential elements of a quality score? What were you hoping to do when you started this project?
For me it's all in the melody. Atmosphere, sound palette and concepts are obviously important, but I spend more time on finding the right five or ten notes that musically embody the story and the characters than I do on almost anything else. Once you've found that, you're halfway home - and you just know it when you hear it. With on the ice I was very lucky that the main theme melody came to me really early on. That's not always the case. I can often spend the most time on a film just looking for the right theme, but with this one it was as though it had always been in my head waiting to be let out. Pretty handy when you've only got a few weeks to complete the score!
You have worked with a diverse array of artists. Can you share a story about one of them, perhaps a favorite?
Well, there's quite a few that should never appear in print ...... however, I will say that a defining moment in my career with Robbie Williams was playing at Glastonbury in 1997 or 98. Glastonbury was so hypster-ish compared to what we were doing that we didn't know if we would be embraced by the audience or get bottled off the stage - All I remember is Rob and I standing backstage in absolute terror and hearing the crowd chant some indistinct slogan that we were convinced was "wanker! wanker! wanker!". Luckily it turns out we were deaf as well as terrified ........ from the first note, all I remember is 80 thousand odd people in a field bouncing up and down in time to the song and it was just amazing from there on out.
Tell us about your work with Revenge and Natural Selection.
Both VERY different projects and both very close to my heart. Revenge, is just a BEAST of a score to do. Every week I have to crank out between 30 and 40 minutes of score and every week we record with a live orchestra which is really rare in TV now. It's not uncommon for me to be writing the last cue at 4am the night before a session and then to be conducting it at 10am the same morning. Working with those players is the most fun, rewarding part of that process, they're just so gracious and talented and good to me and it elevates the feel of the show so much. I actually feel like people are starting to realize the value of live music even in TV as the quality of production goes up and also that it's really not that prohibitively expensive - big TV shows would often spend as much money per side on a single song license as it would take to hire a small orchestra, so why not!
And Natural Selection was just my baby - I had a great time collaborating with Curt Schneider on that one and Robbie Pickering just has impeccable taste in music, so just talking about it was fun, let alone scoring it. It's a beautiful film and I'm very proud of it."
Do you dig iZLER?
—Amy Sciarretto


text: I have a Sony DVP-s550 DVD player - the top of the line from several years back. I think it was their 2nd generation model. It has DD, DTS, I had the lip synch bug fized and I have ZERO complaints with it. It's great. Though being a Sony, it IS a tad on the soft side, and while I hate "jaggies" caused by the harsh downconversion of Toshiba and the like - I'm wondering - are there newer models out now that would best my Sony 550 in terms of playback quality? How about changers? mp3 compatibility? I'm thinking I've LOVE to sell my sony DVD, my Harman Kardon 5 disc HDCD CD changer, and just get ONE sweet DVD changer that plays mp3's - does such a beast exist? How about just strictly a DVD replacement? Any comments are much appreciated. Thanks!


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HYPEBEAST 100: The innovators from all realms of creativity in the spotlight.
With in-depth interviews, focused features and fashion-forward editorials, our print publication features long-form coverage of the topics valued by readers.
Explore and be inspired by the latest women's fashion news and trends.
Never enough pigeons.
adidas YEEZY BOOST 350 V2 "Beluga/Zebra" hybrid or an indigo hand-dipped Nike Air VaporMax?
Staple colorway sneakers are paired with apparel for the first time.
jeffstaple takes on the Suede and Blaze of Glory.
Will there be riots involved this time around?
The MC speaks on his time with Jimmy Fallon, the work he puts in and more.
Inspired by sneaker culture, heritage sports and the city of Miami.
"What are your thoughts on the term Hypebeast?"
"I don't understand why we can't be real all the time."
A sports and sneaker culture-inspired range from the streetwear mainstay.
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