text:
Union Rags the favorite for $1 million Florida Derby
HALLANDALE BEACH, Fla. – Trainer Michael Matz exuded confidence after Union Rags was established as a 6-5 favorite for Saturday's $1 million Florida Derby at Gulfstream Park.
"I think he's a real good horse," Matz said, "and he should improve off last time."
Union Rags made an eye-catching 3-year-old debut when he rolled to a four-length victory in the 1 1/16-mile Fountain of Youth Stakes here for new rider Julien Leparoux on Feb. 26.
Matz was not looking for a peak performance that day. He does not view the 1-mile Florida Derby as a must-win situation, either.
"Our main goal is to get to the first Saturday in May in good order," he said.
Union Rags is set to break from post six in a field of nine. El Padrino, the 2-1 second choice for trainer Todd Pletcher, had post eight drawn for him by New England Patriots nose tackle Vince Wilfork. He will be piloted by Javier Castellano, who took off Union Rags to accept the mount on the now-injured Algorithms for Pletcher.
"I'm very comfortable with the post," Castellano said. "It's a mile-and-an-eighth race and the horse to beat is Union Rags. I'm looking forward to it."
El Padrino is gunning for his third victory in as many starts this season. He opened his campaign by taking a Gulfstream Park allowance race by two lengths at the end of January. He then produced a gutsy nose win after a furious stretch duel with Mark Valeski in the Grade 2 Risen Star Stakes on Feb. 25 at the Fair Grounds in New Orleans.
Take Charge Indy possesses a frontrunning style for jockey Calvin Borel, who is known for his ground-saving trips, and is expected to provide the early speed in the Florida Derby. He placed second to El Padrino, beaten by two lengths, in a Jan. 29 allowance race here.
Union Rags is pursuing his fifth victory in six starts. His lone blemish came when he missed by a head against Hansen after a wide trip in the Breeders' Cup Juvenile last Nov. 5 at Churchill Downs. He has $1,096,800 in earnings.
The Florida Derby field, from the rail out, with early odds in parentheses: Fort Louden (20-1), Luis Jurado; News Pending (8-1), Rajiv Maragh; Take Charge Indy (5-1), Calvin Borel; Neck N' Neck (20-1), Edgar Prado; Z Camelot (50-1), Joe Bravo; Union Rags (6-5), Julien Leparoux; Bartolome (30-1), Jesus Castanon; El Padrino (2-1), Javier Castellano; and Reveron (12-1), Elvis Trujillo.
Posted | Updated

subset: commoncrawl


text:
How to Properly Care for an HP 95 Ink CartridgeJanuary 21, 2011 1 Comment
An HP 95 ink cartridge is commonly used in a lot of HP Deskjet and PhotoSmart printers which makes it a very versatile ink cartridge. However, there are HP printer users who would occasionally run into ink problems like the drying of inks or worse.
You may really feel dismayed if this happens to you especially when you are about to print some important documents. So, what are several ways to make your HP 95 ink cartridge create more prints for you or to store it properly when not used so that you will not waste ink?
If you know you will not be making use of your printer for a while, look for an area wherein you can store your inks properly like a cabinet or a storage area. Keep inks in a vertical position and sealed in the original package or you can also place it in a zip lock bag with a damp sponge.
You should check the expiration date of the HP ink cartridge before purchasing it to be sure that you have an idea to what the life span is. A good printer supply store usually offers product warranty and money-back guarantee to be sure that you are always able to come back when you encounter problems.
Still, a good way to get the most out of your ink cartridge is to use it at least once a week. This will ensure the cartridge's performance and can also help maintain your printer.
Fatal error: Call to undefined function wp_related_posts() in /home/content/t/o/n/tonerboss/html/wp-content/themes/mymag/single.php on line 24


text:
$25 Publix Gift Card #Giveaway and October Running Out? Run In. Event #MyBlogSpark
Tuesday, October 22, 2013 Posted by Dina N
This month, Publix is having another great sales event. From October 9th through October 25th, look for the Running Out? Run In. signs to take advantage of great savings on some of your favorite brands from General Mills and Procter & Gamble, like Yoplait, Totino's, Charmin and Crest. Plus, if you buy $30 of participating items between October 9th and October 25th, you can mail in to receive a $10 Publix gift card to use on your next shopping trip. For more details on this rebate, go to runningoutrunin.com.
I am celebrating the October Running Out? Run In. Event with a giveaway! One lucky U.S. reader will win a $25 Publix gift card.
* Disclosure: The information and prize pack have been provided by General Mills through MyBlogSpark. Opinions are my own.
a Rafflecopter giveaway
Giveaway Rules: Giveaway ends 12:01 am ET, November 6, 2013. No purchase necessary. Open to legal residents of the U.S., 18 years of age or older. Void where prohibited by law. One winner will be chosen randomly, and odds of winning depend on the number of eligible entries. One entry per household. The winner will be contacted via e-mail and will have 72 hours to respond. Entrants agree with this site's Official Rules.


text:
Hi guys! as you can see from the title Florida's weather has been ridiculous! It's been acting ok for the past 2 days, but other than that the rain has been so random and frightening. I've been watching Adventure Time A LOT since i have the option to record the series haha. :3
How about that finale?! how amazing was it!? God i can't believe we have to wait 'till 2013 for book numero dos! ugh "I am not good with this being patient stuff." recognize that line? yeah Korra I understand you so much! Hence why I can't be an airbender, I AM AN EARTHBENDAH NAOW.
Well im hungry now, need food
- Listening to: Im a Buff Baby That can dance like a man!
- Reading: Eragon
- Watching: Adventure Time
- Eating: Pop Tarts
- Drinking: water and tea (lots of tea)
Florida weather by annoguerasWatch
©2012-2017 annogueras


text:
Gold Coin 1 UP Varsity jacket
Who doesn't love letterman jackets? They may be expensive but they look really nice. This is limited edition plus nice. 5 Stars from me
This is a cool 100% cotton lightweight varsity warmup jacket with heavy zip front closure, cream, navy, and red striped ribbed collar, cuff, and waistband, small tonal diamond and Gant "G" patch on the left chest.Tags: outerwear, red, jackets, mens, mens accessories, Mens Clothing, varsity, MENS JACKET, jason schwartzmanAdded 7 Years Ago from Blackbirdballard
These are the CUTEST THINGS EVER. A mitten set so you can still hold hands with your honey.


text: Silver Salonen wrote: > On Monday 19 January 2009 20:37:53 Kris Moore wrote: >> Silver, >> >> Can you re-test FF3? >> >> ftp://ftp.pcbsd.org/pub/pbioutgoing/i386/7/outgoing/firefox3/ >> >> I've checked, and it does copy all the libs properly now, but libgnome >> isn't even on the build system, which is weird. I'm wondering if one of >> the libs I missed previously was trying to load libgnome because of how >> they were compiled in your port. Hopefully it'll skip it now. > > This version starts OK. Thanks :) > Great! Glad to hear it. let me know if you run across other PBI's which have this issue. Also, did you see I made some mods to bacula-bat PBI? It includes the kmdr-executor binary now, so you don't need to ask the user to install it. -- Kris Moore PC-BSD Software http://www.pcbsd.com


text: Has been producing for over 10 years, but has only broke through into the underground scene apron 2009, with the Remix track entitled 'The Grrww riddem', The Original Was By 'Hardhouse Banton'. This remix was creating A storm in the UK and in summer Resorts such as 'Aiya Napa & Malia' over the year 2010. Also the Vocal Remix Which features 'Hannah Liston - The Middle' is yet to be released!! Dumplin Is Also part Of a Collective in Manchester Called 'HouseULykIt' Who Are A Team Of Producers/DJ's Breaking Though The House Scene. For More Info On HouseULykI..Dumplin's biography Dumplin Musician


text:
Vydox Overview
Men who wish to enhance their sexual performance will be interested in a product such as Vydox which is designed to do just this. The product is presented on a website that is very professional in appearance and has a very clinical image. It is manufactured by Premium Nutraceuticals and all contact information is provided for the company. They offer a buyer protection safeguards on all purchases and discount prices for customers who purchase more than one bottle per order. A one month supply of Vydox costs $84.99 and it is recommended that it is taken twice a day, with most men seeing good results within 30 days.
There are a number of customer user experience stories shown for Vydox plus a celebrity endorsement by Brian Gay, a PGA golfer. Unfortunately, although the manufacturer does state that Vydox has been clinically tested, no actual proof of this is shown on the product website.
Vydox Product Details
The key active ingredients used in Vydox are all explained in detail for the potential consumer. It is said to contain an optimal amount of Prosexual Nutrients that are an integral part of a process. In addition to the Prosexual Nutrients, Vydox contains Yohimbine, Ginseng, Saw Palmetto, Muira Pauma, Ginko Leaf, Damiana and Bioperine.
Advantages of Vydox
- The ordering process is secure.
- There is a buyer protection safeguards.
- The Vydox website is professional in appearance.
- Vydox has celebrity endorsement.
- Vydox contains an optimal amount of Prosexual Nutrients.
- The formula uses Bioperine for efficient absorption.
Disadvantages of Vydox
- Vydox is expensive.
- Clinical test study results are not provided.
- Vydox is only sold online.
- Ingredient amounts are not listed.
Vydox The Bottom Line
Vydox certainly appears to be a more reputable and reliable product than many other products of this type available online. However, despite the endorsement and professionalism of the website, it is very expensive. It is one thing to state that the product has been tested in scientific trials, but for this price, most consumers would want to see concrete evidence of successful results. The fact that the formula doesn't contain any ingredients such as Caltrops is also a concern as this is an important component of any good male enhancement brand.


text:
Kirby-themed Breakout puzzler Block Ball headlines this week's Nintendo eShop update.
First released on the Game Boy in 1994, the new digital version costs Ł2.70/€3 and is available to download from this Thursday.
Classic NeoGeo brawler King of Fighters '97 arrives on the Wii's Virtual Console, meanwhile. It costs 900 Points (about Ł6.30).
As a side-order, Wii gamers are served BurgerTime World Tour for 1000 Points (about Ł7). But beware, Eurogamer's Dan Whitehead dished out an unpalatable 3/10 score in our review of the Xbox Live Arcade version.
Also on the eShop this week: "strategic puzzler" Crazy Cheebo: Puzzle Party (Ł1.80/€2) and colourful side-scroller Gaia's Moon (Ł1.80/€2) for DSiWare.
And there's a free demo of Sega puzzler Crush3D, a dimension-shifting platform puzzler which requires you to navigate tricky levels in both 2D and 3D. "A game that's ingenious but ultimately a little tedious, this puzzle oddity is a brain-teaser that will boggle your mind at least as long as your patience lasts," wrote a handsomely bearded Tom Phillips in Eurogamer's 7/10 Crush3D Review.


text: BostonGlobe.com Political Headlines - May 30, 2014 May 31, 2014 Here are the top political headlines from BostonGlobe.com today: Political passions stir as Hillary Clinton prepares book release: The launch could easily be viewed as the first political ad of the 2016 presidential campaign. Matt Viser reports. Patrick plan would spend $100m on struggling cities: The hope is to spur growth in cities that haven't seen meaningful public or private investment in decades. Casey Ross reports. Patrick's PAC: Praise, please: Governor Patrick's federal Together PAC is prodding supporters to pen letters praising his tenure. Scot Lehigh details the latest.


text:
(CNSNews.com) - Gun control groups not only want Congress to pass an extension of the 1994 "assault weapons" ban -- they also want the ban to be "strengthened."
They said they are heartened by this week's gun control votes in the U.S. Senate.
The Washington-based Violence Policy Center accuses the gun industry of "willfully circumventing federal law" by modifying a new generation of weapons and renaming them 'post-ban' or 'after-ban' assault weapons.
Such weapons are perfectly legal under the so-called "assault weapons" ban. But the Violence Policy Center accuses the gun industry of evading the intent of Congress by "making minor cosmetic changes and producing 'clones' and 'knock-off' versions to continue to sell for profit at the expense of public safety."
The group singled out six Illinois gunmakers that manufacture "post-ban assault weapons." It said a new study shows that Illinois has more "post-ban" assault weapon manufacturers than any other state.
Even if the U.S. Senate had passed an extension of the semi-automatic weapons ban, "the extension would do nothing to curtail Illinois unique distinction of being number one in manufacturing these deadly assault weapons," said Thom Mannard, executive director of the Illinois Council Against Handgun Violence.
The Brady Campaign to Prevent Gun Violence says renewing the assault weapons ban will be its highest priority for the coming months.
In a press release, the group praised John Kerry for speaking "loud and clear on what America should be doing to reduce gun violence." On Tuesday, Kerry voted in favor of an amendment that would have extended the Clinton-era ban on "military-style assault weapons."
That amendment contributed to the defeat of a larger bill that would have protected gun makers from politically-motivated lawsuits intended to drive them out of business.
Brady Campaign President Michael Barnes praised "police leaders, crime victims and elected leaders of both parties" for "standing up and rejecting the extremist agenda of the National Rifle Association's leadership."
The fact that the Senate passed an amendment extending the assault weapons ban shows that "common-sense gun safety laws are back on the national agenda," Barnes said.
"As of today, these military-style weapons of destruction are only outlawed in this country for 195 more days," he warned. "Our priority in those 195 days is to work with police, Congress and the American public to make sure this ban remains in effect. To let it expire would be an outrage."
In the weeks ahead, gun violence advocates will be preparing for a second Million Mom March on May 9 in Washington, D.C. They're calling it "the Mother's Day March to Halt the Assault." Activists will call on Congress to reauthorize and strengthen the assault weapons ban, the Brady Campaign said.
The Clinton-era "assault weapons" ban is a total fraud and should be allowed to lapse, Second Amendment groups say.
"Even before the Clinton ban was enacted, federal surveys showed that violent criminals carried a 'military-type gun' only in about one percent of the crimes nationwide," Erich Pratt, Gun Owners of America's director of communications, said in a recent press release.
Gun owners object to the ban because it arbitrarily outlaws a certain group of guns based on how they look -- characteristics that give them a "military-style" appearance.
Equally offensive to some gun owners is the fact that the government is deciding which guns have "legitimate" uses -- the argument that "you don't need an assault weapon to go hunting."
One Second Amendment group recently rejected that "guns-for-hunting" argument.
"The Second Amendment is not, and never has been, about shooting ducks, deer, clay targets or tin cans," said Alan Gottlieb, chairman of the Citizens Committee for the Right to Keep and Bear Arms (CCRKBA), in a recent press release.
"It's about personal defense, homeland security, and resisting tyranny."
Another argument holds that by rallying Americans against "assault" weapons first -- gun control groups will find it that much easier to achieve their ultimate goal of eventually outlawing all guns.


text:
Join as a member. There's a certificate with your name on it.
is there a variable of the ip address of users? $hostname?
The PHP manual is your friend :-)
Hi sisyphus,
Have a look at the PHP manual and what it says about "PHP: Predefined Variables".
In this case
$userip = $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'];
should give you what you are looking for.
Christian Larsen
comment module does the same
Drupal 5's comment module uses the REMOTE_ADDR value as well. This code is the query that creates the comment's row in the database:
db_query("INSERT INTO {comments} (cid, nid, pid, uid, subject, comment, format, hostname, timestamp, status, score, users, thread, name, mail, homepage) VALUES (%d, %d, %d, %d, '%s', '%s', %d, '%s', %d, %d, %d, '%s', '%s', '%s', '%s', '%s')", $edit['cid'], $edit['nid'], $edit['pid'], $edit['uid'], $edit['subject'], $edit['comment'], $edit['format'], $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'], $edit['timestamp'], $edit['status'], $score, $users, $thread, $edit['name'], $edit['mail'], $edit['homepage']);
(if you're unfamiliar with sql queries the part from INSERT INTO to VALUES (cid, nid, uid...) are the columns we want to change. The values that will go into the columns are all the $variables and they are in the same order as the columns were listed above. The "hostname" row was the 8th one listed so the 8th variable ($_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR']) is what gets put in the hostname column.)
Drupal function
Seems there a better way now :)
Apparently, it checks to see if the user's behind a proxy, and uses a more accurate variable if so.
login arrest
And how do we find out the ip for a specific user?
Suppose a user called DJ;
How do we call the $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR']; or whatever to capture his ip when he logs in for example?
I mean obviously in every login, to check for a username (DJ) and when we find it to capture ip.
Maybe I'm reading you wrong, but this might be relevant:
It's saved as part of the access log, and stored in the watchdog table.
You can choose to keep up to 1,000,000 log entries via admin/settings/logging/dblog
this might be helpfulhttps:/
Drupal web design / development
Drupal 7 Core user IP address location
After searching around to figure out an easier way to see a user's IP address other than the dreaded sifting through endless pages in Reports>Recent Hits, I came up with the easiest Drupal 7 Core solution.
Go to the People page, click on a Username, then click on Track Page Visits.
If the user does not have any tracking information, then it would be beneficial to install the IP Manager module (https://www.drupal.org/project/ip), which will include a new tab in the People>Username page named Manage IP Addresses.
Unfortunately there seems to be no data for users who have not visited pages after registration and the Manage IP Addresses module will not begin tracking IP adresses until after its installation.
If you are attempting to block IP addresses due to spam, It is highly recommended to check out the User Restrictions Module (https://www.drupal.org/project/user_restrictions), which allows you to block e-mail address domain's that are consistent during spam user sign up. (This was the scenario I was presented with and I blocked IP address, e-mail domain and user account for each spam account.)
If you have any further questions with managing spammers, contact us at firstname.lastname@example.com (www.zrtechnologies.com/contact).
Good luck!
"Z" - Zahir Narsisto Rodulfo
ZRTECH - ITS/Prjct Mngr/Grphx Dsgnr
In case anyone lands on this
In case anyone lands on this page from a search, there is some documentation on how to do this in Drupal 7 and 8 at https://www.drupal.org/node/1969794
ip_address() function in drupal 7
ip_address() function in drupal 7 is the best way i know.
link: https://api.drupal.org/api/drupal/includes!bootstrap.inc/function/ip_add...


text:
Currently live at Lake Hartwell, near the South Carolina/Georgia line. Spend time in the Atlanta and Charlotte areas.
Can run my business from anywhere...
Seeking an attractive, fit, open minded female between the ages of 35 and 55 who is a good conversationalist.
I am Curious, Outgoing, and Funny
Spending time with friends, family and children.
Restoring a sail-boat.
Movies: Shaw Shank Redemption, A Civil Action
Music: Blues, Classic Rock/Country, Van Morrsion
Food: What I cook, good restaurants, all types.
Purpose and Meaning in Life
Good Health
Freedom (USA)
My children's future.
Who would be a good life partner?
Better ways of doing things.
Open to new ideas.
Want to learn new things.
Have your act together.
Live near Atlanta, South Carolina or North Carolina.


text:
Alam Ubud Culture Villas & Residences
Villa Drupadi
Luxury suite villa with in side spa room, set to comfort your self in a full relaxation, these villas are stading each unit over view to tropical valley and junggle a convenience reflected the Balinese finest artistic tradition which will make your stay is unforgettable one. It's a perfect villa featuring a large size modern style bedroom and amenities for your utmost convenience. Balcony witch bring your soul to the natural sence. with table, chairs and sofa. satelite TV and DVD player. Complimentary internet access. Bathroom with separate tub and shower. Hair dryer, bathrobes, telephone and complimentary toiletries. Minibar with refrigerator and complimentary bottled water.
Villa Drupadi
Email this URL!
Print this page!
Send feedback!
Get more info!


text:
This image of Mangkukulam was taken from this website. [1]
This is a copyrighted image that has been released by a company or organization to promote their work or product in the media, such as advertising material or a promotional photo in a press kit.
The copyright for it is most likely owned by the company who created the promotional item or the artist who produced the item in question; you must provide evidence of such ownership. Lack of such evidence is grounds for deletion.
It is believed that the use of low-resolution images of promotional material
- to illustrate the work or product being discussed;
- where the image is unrepeatable, i.e. a free image could not be created to replace it;
- on the English-language WikiPilipinas, hosted on servers in the Philippines by the non-profit Filipiniana.net,
qualifies as fair use under Philippine copyright law. Other uses of this image, on WikiPilipinas or elsewhere, may be copyright infringement. See Copyrights for more information.
To the uploader: please add a detailed fair use rationale for each use, as described on WikiPilipinas:Image description page, as well as the source of the work and copyright information.
Aside from the fair use claim this work is a product of the Republic of the Philippines, and as such its terms of use are laid out by the Republic Act No. 8293.
This tag must only be used in conjunction with a fair use tag.
File history
Click on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time.
|07:09, 6 September 2007
|Janet 29 (Talk | contribs)
- You cannot overwrite this file.
- Edit this file using an external application (See the setup instructions for more information)
File usage
The following 2 pages link to this file:


text:
http://www.eliterestaurantequipment.com/cambro-12-qt-rectangular-ribbed-bowl-camwear-pack-of-4-rsb1419cw-135.html http://www.eliterestaurantequipment.com/media/catalog/product/cache/1/image/265x/9df78eab33525d08d6e5fb8d27136e95/c/a/cambro-rsb1419cw135-clear-camwear-rectangular-ribbed-bowl-12-quart.jpg RSB1419CW-135 Cambro
Cambro RSB1419CW-135 - 12 qt Rectangular Ribbed Bowl - Camwear (4 per Case)
Shop With Confidence
We have one goal in mind: provide food service professionals with all the products they need under one roof at affordable prices. Since then we have succeeded in creating an innovative, easy to use website that meets the needs for food service professionals throughout the United States and Canada. Food service experts, programmers, developers, content writers, technical support staff, and warehouse employees work together to make certain that we provide the best service and industry knowledge on the web.
Return Policy: All stocked items may be returned to us if the item has not been used and is in original packaging. In order for returns to be accepted, your items must be returned within 30 days from receipt. Please note when placing an order you agree to our return policies. Please contact a customer solutions specialist before returning an item. We will create a return authorization for you and send you an e-mail with instructions on how to complete the return. You will be credited 24-72 hours upon receipt and inspection of returned product(s). Products returned may be subject to restocking fees. All parts are non-refundable.
Ask A Question Cambro RSB1419CW-135 - 12 qt Rectangular Ribbed Bowl - Camwear (4 per Case)
You will receive a phone call and/or email answering the question above as soon as possible. Questions are generally answered same business day. If time is of the essence please call us: (888) 886-7279.
Your information is protected by high security encryption and is 100% confidential
Quick Overview
This Cambro 12 qt Camwear Rectangular Ribbed Bowl [RSB1419CW-135] is perfect for your restaurant establishment and/or residence. Serve anything with these stylish bowls and look good doing it. Thanks to their sturdy construction and functional shape, it's also easy to clean and long lasting. Comes in a pack of 4.
Product Description
|Model #:
|Ship Weight:
|8.85 lbs.
|Base Material:
|14" x 19"
|384 oz. or 12 qts.
|Bowl Type:
|Plastic Type:
|Dishwasher Safe:


text:
Frank McCourt: For Making Underdogs Win
I watched the World Series with Frank McCourt once. Game Three of the Subway Series, and for a roomful of drunk Irish men, he had the familiarity of a sober WASP woman (if there is such a thing) with baseball. And yet he had more to say about the game than any of us: a fondness for Benny Agbayani, the journeyman Mets left fielder who hit the game-winner; a running fictional account of El Duque's climb from Cuban backyard to Yankee Stadium; wisecracks about the name of pinch-hitter Bubba Trammell; a fist pump when Derek Jeter struck out.
He was, for that night and for much of his later life, one of us and kind of beyond us at the same time. Because Frank McCourt was a journeyman who climbed to the Yankee Stadium of literary lore, who wisecracked and stuck it to the man with all the drunken Irish grace of a favorite English teacher living a very much miserable life until he wasn't. He was all of these things, but he was above all a connecter — able to notice the things very much personal to him and occasionally common to us all, and bring them together.
Angela's Ashes, of course, was for a time the united front — our national childhood-misery-turned-success story. The man was enough like us that we could ignore just how miserable his life had been by anointing his the greatest memoir of our time. But if you go back and try to skim it again, as I did last night, you can't ignore anything. It connects our miseries but triumphs our will, and for that Frank McCourt was nothing like us at all. He was the ultimate underdog.
FROM THE ARCHIVE: A Joke About Death by Frank McCourt
BOOKS OF THE DECADE: Angela's Ashes on Our 90s List


text:
All quotes tagged Reading
(2622 quotes found)
"Any book that helps a child to form a habit of reading, to make reading one of his deep and continuing needs, is good for him."
"I suppose every old scholar has had the experience of reading something in a book which was significant to him, but which he could never find again. Sure he is that he read it there, but no one else ever read it, nor can he find it again, though he buy the book and ransack every page."
"We Learn . . .
10% of what we read
20% of what we hear
30% of what we see
50% of what we see and hear
70% of what we discuss
80% of what we experience
95% of what we teach others."
"If I want to be alone, some place I can write, I can read, I can pray, I can cry, I can do whatever I want - I go to the bathroom."
"Education has produced a vast population able to read but unable to distinguish what is worth reading"


text:
Hover to view/zoom, click to enlarge.
Body ProTECH 90% Meryl Nylon/10% Spandex Attached Skirt: 100% Polyester Chiffon
This information is shown as a guide only and not a guarantee.Actual fitting may vary.
Do you think your friend would like to know that DDS has this item? Just fill in the following information and we will let them know!
Hello! Thank you for contacting us. The color for this is light blue with white.- DDS Customer Service (02/22/2017)
Sign in before answering this dancer's questions.
Was this Q & A helpful to you? YES (
No, we do not currently carry this garment in black. Please check back regularly, as our items are updated often.- DDS Customer Service (02/17/2016)
Would your company beable to add length to this product?
Unfortunately, we cannot get this item for you in a longer length. Normally, we can special order items for you, but it has to be an item that is stocked by the vendor, and Body Wrappers does not make this style in a longer version. Please contact Customer Service at 1-800-470-1664 if you would like assistance finding a longer dress.- DDS Customer Service (07/22/2013)


text:
Telefonica gets approval for LatAm buy-outs
Shareholders of Spanish telecommunications giant Telefonica Friday approved a euro922m increase in capital to allow the conglomerate to follow through on plans to buy out 100% of four of its Latin American interests: Telesp and Tele Sudeste Celular of Brazil, Telefonica of Argentina and Telefonica of Peru. Telefonica will offer a little more than 922 million new shares at a value of 1 euro each in exchange for shares in the four Latin American firms.
Restricted Content
Registration is required to read the entire article and to gain access to other restricted areas of the website


text:
- 27 total posts
- 2 reviews
- 24 comments
- 1 question
Reviews & Stories
Micro Laser Peel Causes Scarring and Hyperpigmentation - Canada
Six years ago I had a micro laser peel for minor acne scarring. The doctor recommended peels but I only did one. It was very painful like a blowtorch in the face and it left a scar under my eye. When I went back for a follow up I pointed this out to him in which of course......take a big guess.....what do you think he did? Deny,deny,deny! As they all do. The following year I developed... READ MORE
Affirm for Hyperpigmentation - Major Damage - Canada
Approximately 5 1/2 years ago I had a micro laser peel. Within a year I developed hyperpigmentation. I sought out a treatment to rectify it and the Affirm was suggested to me. I told the DR I did not want anymore lasers and he assured me that the Affirm was safe and different. Well I did 2 treatments and the results were OK and the pigment returned to a more normal color. The following 2... READ MORE
Questions from melsh73
Can Recell Help with Major Damage from Affirm?
I have damaged skin from the Affirm and the damage is spreading like wild fire down my face. I have blisters and it is painful and so dry. As well I believe my sweat glands... READ MORE
Recent comments from melsh73
I was 30 when I recieved the peel........one peel only. Yes the pigmentation problem was caused by it. Two years later I received the Affirm which helped as it did the next year and the year after I had it performed..........then... READ COMMENT
Once a few people who are in the public eye have laser damage then these stories will come out.Till then us little people will be ignored. Get the word out and tell everyone you know that these things can cause destruction of healthy... READ COMMENT
Its the long term effects you have to worry about. Imagine what these procedures do beneath your skin. It damages and compromises your skin and eventually the damage will come to the surface. There are no long term studies for this.... READ COMMENT
It will look good till suddenly it doesn't. Watch your skin because it will change in the future and not in a good way. 6 treatments is waaay too many. One treatment is too many. READ COMMENT
Please read the negative posts. Your best bet would be to try something tried and true that has minimal side effect. READ COMMENT


text:
There are two kinds of marriage, two different institutions: the regular kind and the same-sex kind. And that's a fact.
The one is a recent institution, created by acts of legislature. The other is as old as humanity and is shaped not by any statute but by the traditions and practices of history. It carries with it certain recognized rights and responsibilities.
Laws that relate to traditional marriage recognize it as a pre-existing institution that the law approaches. In every culture and every century, it involves joining man and woman.
Same-sex marriage isn't a pre-existing institution. It's a recent one created in response to social and other needs that formerly went unrecognized. Legislators may not have fully realized that they were creating a new institution, but they were.
It's a new thing. It's not one that can fit into the old tradition. But the rights and privileges that go with same-sex marriage are arrived at by piggy-backing on those of traditional marriage.
The two institutions have this in common: They legally fall under the common name "marriage," and they both carry the same legal rights and responsibilities. And people engage in both of them for similar reasons. But that's about it for fundamental similarities.
Opponents of same-sex marriage see it as hijacking and corrupting the traditions underlying traditional marriage, and as a threat to what their own marriage "means."
But it isn't hijacking, and it isn't an attempt to infiltrate or invade the traditional institution. That can't be done.
Traditional marriage is heterosexual. Same-sex marriage recognizes its debt to traditional marriage. Traditional marriage is where marriage rights and obligations originated. It's the source of those attached in law to same-sex marriages.
If same-sex marriage is a new institution, why isn't it given a new name? Because the purpose of the new institution is to recognize certain rights and responsibilities for same-sex couples the same ones enjoyed by traditional married couples.
Rather than create a new set of parallel laws, it's better to reference them as those already attaching legally to the term "marriage," where settled issues of law can apply to both.
Traditional marriage isn't affected when a same-sex couple borrows ceremonies and practices from it to solemnize their union. Those traditions are secure; they aren't altered no matter who copies or borrows from them.
Proponents of same-sex marriage may be disturbed by the view that it's "not traditional marriage." Nevertheless it is a fact, and a harmless one. Same-sex marriage is a new thing. "Not the same as" doesn't mean "not as good as." Each is as good as the other.
Why do I think this is important? Because if all parties could realize that they are not fighting over a common turf to see who owns it, they would realize that there is nothing to fight over.
Traditional marriage and same-sex marriage aren't opposing institutions. They are parallel institutions, running alongside each other in a common direction on different tracks, not opposing each other like two locomotives trying to occupy the same track at the same time.
If all sides could realize this, each might become comfortable in its own skin, stop feeling threatened, and let the other side do the same. If they could.
Would it make those who oppose same-sex marriage because they despise homosexuality change their mind? No. But that's a group and an issue I'm not addressing.
Bangs L. Tapscott is emeritus professor of philosophy at the University of Utah and lives in Salt Lake City.


text:
The Ed Tech Guide contains help for instructors and students regarding the use of technology that can enhance learning in the classroom.
Each menu button contains information to help you, so take the time to explore all the content. Some buttons contain just-in-time, self-paced, video tutorials, while others contain articles, eBooks, and web links to help instructors and students understand technology and its uses for the classroom. Additional support for Blackboard, Flipped & Blended Classrooms, and Google Apps are also available.
Tutorials are searchable and regularly updated with new training items. Most of the tutorials are linked to levels of Bloom's Digital Taxonomy and instructional strategies to help guide you. If you would like an alert when a new tutorial is posted, you can provide your e-mail in the box located on the right side of the Tutorials page.
Learn how to navigate the guide with this brief tutorial!
Dr. Lesa Louch
Robert Payne
Kelly Clark
Mandy Parvin
Lyndsay Wing


text:
Are we legislating, or amusing ourselves with phantasmagoria?
The rest of that luncheon-party was a phantasmagoria of faces and voices to poor Nelly.
Breathe upon the passion and the phantasmagoria will vanish.
He suspected Gordon, and as for the phantasmagoria of last night, he could make nothing of it.
Lights flash about us everywhere—green lights, white lights, red lights, a phantasmagoria of drug-store bottles.
Perhaps that other phantasmagoria, the Internet, is the solution.
He found attraction in the Gnostic mysteries, and still more in the phantasmagoria of Judicial Astrology.
If nature had been merely a phantasmagoria there would have been no science of nature.
But what do we know of the forces which make up the phantasmagoria that we call the World?
In short, dreaming is synonymous to us with illusion, phantasmagoria, and falsehood.
1802, name of a "magic lantern" exhibition brought to London in 1802 by Parisian showman Paul de Philipstal, the name an alteration of French phantasmagorie, said to have been coined 1801 by French dramatist Louis-Sébastien Mercier as though to mean "crowd of phantoms," from Greek phantasma "image, phantom, apparition" (see phantasm) + second element probably a French form of Greek agora "assembly" (but this may have been chosen more for the dramatic sound than any literal sense). Transferred meaning "shifting scene of many elements" is attested from 1822. Related: Phantasmagorical.
phantasmagoria phan·tas·ma·go·ri·a (fān-tāz'mə-gôr'ē-ə) or phan·tas·ma·go·ry (fān-tāz'mə-gôr'ē)
n. phan·tas·ma·go·ri·as or phan·tas·ma·go·ries
A fantastic sequence of haphazardly associative imagery, as seen in dreams or fever.


text:
This article is an open-access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).
Cells are highly organized objects containing millions of molecules. Each biomolecule has a specific shape in order to interact with others in the complex machinery. Spatial dynamics emerge in this system on length and time scales which can not yet be modeled with full atomic detail. This review gives an overview of methods which can be used to simulate the complete cell at least with molecular detail, especially Brownian dynamics simulations. Such simulations require correct implementation of the diffusion-controlled reaction scheme occurring on this level. Implementations and applications of spatial simulations are presented, and finally it is discussed how the atomic level can be included for instance in multi-scale simulation methods.
At the beginning of this century Tomita [
Depending on the chosen description of the cell, the cellular state is encoded by the amount of molecules of each molecular species, but also by the distribution of molecules in the cell and the actual state (e.g., phosphorylation level) or conformation of each molecule [
For each individual level many simulation methods exist, as reviewed in [
Despite the increasing computational power of workstations and supercomputers, simulation of the whole cell at the atomic level remains prohibitively expensive. For example a small yeast cell contains "only" 50 million proteins [
Particle-based methods can be a useful tool to analyze cellular dynamics. The particles in these methods can represent atoms as in MDS, molecular subunits [
In the present review we first describe a particle-based mesoscopic level which can serve as a basis for whole cell simulations (cf.
In order to track the dynamics for instance of signaling molecules in the cell, each molecule is represented by a particle in the simulation. This level is often called mesoscale, because it is between the microscopic atomic resolution of MDS and the macroscopic resolution of ODE/SDE/PDE methods. The following sections describe how the molecules move and interact in the cell at this level.
Obviously the solvent cannot be included explicitly in a whole cell simulation [
within the interaction potential
The overdamped case (
where the damping is expressed by
The authors understand the importance of all intramolecular forces, and especially electrostatic and hydrodynamic interactions [
As long as intramolecular potentials/forces are included, they prevent the overlap of particles [
should depend linearly on
Other studies also revealed subdiffusion or at least transient anomalous behavior [
In addition to undirected diffusion, cells also contain motor proteins that can pull molecules along the cytoskeleton [
Most biomolecules are not inert, which means that they interact with the others. This interaction is for instance required to bind to the motor proteins for the directed transport. But molecules can also unspecifically bind to the cytoskeleton [
Reactions between molecules require that these molecules come into contact. Since the motion of the molecules is mostly determined by diffusion, all reactions between molecules are diffusion controlled. Smoluchowski [
and obviously no reaction can occur with a faster rate than this collision process. For example two molecules with
Therefore, if diffusion is fast enough (1
The physiological conditions in the cell can have a strong effect on such reactions, and render them different from
Let us assume we have
In contrast, the reduced diffusion leads to a reduced collision frequency, as can be seen from
Finally it should be noted that the dimensionality of the system plays an important role for reactions. The collision rate constant
Especially for the description of biological processes several nonlinear reaction schemes and kinetics have been developed. Examples are Michaelis–Menten and Briggs–Haldane enzyme kinetics [
or in terms of balance Equations
(with [
and the two parameters
The corresponding reaction rates and rate constants for mass action kinetics count/determine the (average) number of events per time unit. These rates can also be observed in MDS or BD where the dynamics is solely described by interaction potentials [
The highest order of reaction which can be reasonably modeled are second order/bimolecular reactions, because third order reactions mean that three particles collide simultaneously. This is extremely unlikely and mostly such reactions form intermediary dimers which collide with the third particle instead. Accordingly third order reactions should be modeled as a set of second order reactions.
First order reactions with the rate
In the simulation therefore in each time step and for each particle involved in this reaction a uniform random number
A lot of random numbers and computation time can be saved, if instead the time to the next event is pre-computed when the molecule is created in analogy to Gillespie's stochastic simulation algorithm [
Zero order reactions ∅ →
Second order reactions require a more elaborate description [
Again, most steps will not result in reactions. Similarly to the treatment of first order reactions using Gillespie's approach also here the time to the event can be computed instead of checking and wasting random numbers each step. The reaction-diffusion equation for the probability density function (see
The challenge in the underlying theory is that it can only be solved analytically for pairs, but in the cell we have much more molecules [
Several methods aim at a simpler model based on a critical radius
A stable and rather simple derivation is given in [
set the critical reaction radius to the physical collision radius
and execute reactions for particles with
It is especially important for this approach to work correctly, that the critical radius is the same as the radius used to determine the diffusion limit
Reversible reactions like
is preserved [
In order to reach the correct geminate recombination rate also the initial condition of the new pair
which is the maximum likelihood of the (diffusion-controlled) escape process [
Depending on the implementation for parallelized execution in multi-threaded CPU or GPU applications anyway a flag might be necessary to execute each reaction for each molecule not more than once [
Such a delay term can also be used in order to mimic Michaelis–Menten enzyme kinetics[
The delay term introduced here for reversible reactions is also in agreement with the overdamped Langevin regime discussed here. Upon dissociation we would expect that the two molecules have to pick up and maintain impulses which separate them for a given time. The reversion of these impulses such that the molecules can re-associate certainly requires additional time, which is not covered by the plain random walk implementation. In the detailed dissociation process, the molecule will first have to accumulate the necessary energy in order to overcome the potential energy of the bond and to dissociate. Once it has this energy, the fate of the molecule is already dissociation, but only with a delay the bond will be actually broken. A similar discussion, however in terms of the adjoint dissociation distance, is found in Andrews
Future work has to find ways to include more detailed description on such a simplified simulation scheme or at least bridge the detailed and simplified approach. Especially nonspherical molecules and specific binding sites on the surface of the molecules are relevant for biomolecular reaction kinetics [
The performance of a particle based simulation strongly depends on the efficiency of the used pair finding and collision detection algorithms [
Within a crowded intracellular environment the random walk steps have to comply with the boundaries of the obstacles. Steps can either be rejected (completely or retried) if they end in an obstacle [
The random number distribution for diffusion simulations (
In addition, the uniform distribution does not have long tails. For a
Depending on the implementation of the reaction scheme(s), further constraints on Δ
Except for strongly diffusion controlled reactions Δ
Further methods that have been used for cell simulations are for instance: dissipative particle dynamics [
Parallelization for all these methods has been investigated, in order to increase the performance [
The chemical master equation CME or reaction diffusion master equation RDME if space is considered describes the changes in a reaction system consisting of
In terms of simulating the reactions the waiting time
A transport reaction into
Of course there exist other ways in implementing the simulation, because the next reaction time
Note that for a conversion from particle based simulations to population level of the
The different phosphorylation levels as well as the localization of signaling molecules creates a multitude of states in a species/population based description of the system. The number of reactions and rate constants that have to be determined increases even more dramatic, because two interacting proteins each with
The rule-based concept can be easily extended for spatial models, where the particle interactions are now determined by their internal state and the rules assigned [
The following list shows the importance of the mesoscale level in the cell. These applications cover time and length scales above molecular dynamics simulations, though not necessary on the cellular level. Thus they can be used to analyze important questions in molecular and cell biology, ranging from more detailed descriptions of reaction process to the spatial organization of the cell.
Simulations on the molecular and cellular level are available and have been used extensively to better understand biological processes [
A sequential execution would probably be easier to implement and thus more relevant in order to model a signaling pathway "ab initio", starting from the protein sequences of all involved molecules. The corresponding molecular structures can be predicted (at least for small signaling molecules) if not yet known from structure analysis by molecular simulation/analysis tools based on the atomic level [
If possible from these structures the hydrodynamic radii [
Thus all necessary parameters are available to simulate the spatial and temporal dynamics of a signaling pathway in the cell. The relation of transport and reaction rates beforehand gives an estimator how well mixed the system will be and if the spatial dynamics have to be resolved explicitly [
Given the challenges involved with parameter estimation and model discrimination from experimental results [
The authors thank Peter R. ten Wolde, Alexei Lapin, Martin Falk and Pablo de Heras Ciechomski for valuable discussions and ScienceVisuals for rendering our simulated particle distributions. We acknowledge funding through the SystemsX.ch initiative and the Swiss Confederation's Commission for Technology and Innovation (CTI) project 12532.1 PFLS-LS. H.K. acknowledges the support from the Swiss National Science Foundation, grant no. PP00P2 128503.
Empiric approximations for the hydrodynamic radius
|Hydrodynamic Radius [nm]
Spatial simulations on the cellular level.
|Particle based simulator for reaction diffusion processes in arbitrarily shaped compartments. (point particles, no crowding).
|Particle based simulator within realistic cell shapes.
|Complete software environment for simulations on several levels.
|(GFRD,eGFRD) ten Wolde
|Green's function reaction dynamics will be included in the E-Cell project
|Agent-based multi-scale simulation (also beyond the cellular level).
|Monte Carlo simulator of reaction diffusion processes. Reactions can only happen at membranes
|Spatial derivative of Gillespie's algorithm to solve the Reaction-Diffusion Master Equation (RDME) with the "next subvolume method"
|Spatial derivative of Gillespie's algorithm in arbitrarily shaped compartments.
|Tetrahedral mesh based spatial derivative of Gillespie's algorithm
|PDE based simulator with compartments and direct linking to microscope images.
|V Cell
|ODE/PDE or SDE based simulator within realistic cell shapes.
|M. Klann
|Agent-based Brownian dynamics including cytoskeleton, crowding and vesicle transport.


text:
Ask Health Experts and Get Answers to Your Health Question ASAP
Hello and thank you for the question. Answers given are for informational purposes only and are not meant to replace an exam by an in-person.
I am Dr. Sohaib, a practicing Internal Medicine Specialist and i will do my best to help you today.
You need to answer a few questions first which will help me assist you in a better way.
Do you have any concurrent medical illness?
History of allergies?
Problems with vision? Speech?
no to all the first 3 questions
Thank you very much for the useful information Brad.
Well there are many reasons for abnormal taste/smell sensations in mouth/nose...These include;
1. Medications
2. Gastroesophageal Reflux disease
3. Aging (due to loss of taste buds and impaired smell sensations)
4. Upper respiratory infections, including sinus infections/allergies
5. Any injury to mouth, nose
6. Chemotherapeutic agents
7. Poor oro-dental hygiene
8. Fungal infections in the mouth or tongue area
9. Dental infections
Another important differential in your case is Phantosmia. Phantosmia, also known as olfactory hallucinations (false perceptions of abnormal smells), are actually smell odours that are not derived from a physical stimulus.Most common causes of phantosmia include upper respiratory infection (like sinusitis), brain tumor, seizure disorder, alzheimer's disease, or idiopathic ( where no cause can be found out ).
If 2-3 weeks have passed with out any improvement in your symptoms, it would be a standard guideline to see your doctor again discussing the above mentioned possibilities, which will direct further tests and subsequent management plan.
At home, avoid spicy foods.
Add flavours to your food.
Take plenty of juices and fruits---these all will help.
Prilosec OTC can also be tried to control reflux, if present.
I would have been worried too if i were at your place but let me reassure you that this is a treatable condition and carries a good prognosis with appropriate management.
It was a pleasure assisting you and thank you very much for visiting us.
My goal is to provide you with Excellent Service - if satisfied with the response, Please do not forget to Rate my service.
If you feel you have gotten anything less, please reply back, I am happy to address follow-up questions.
Kindest Regards.
is it the same thing when I say Im having strange soapy taste in mouth and smell, thats what it tastes and smells like, more like dirty soap, mixed with old dirty rag and sweat smell
If the taste and smell are the same, than it is different.
This can be due to Reflux.
Why not try Prilosec and see how you respond to it?
You do not have any warning symptoms that point towards a serious possibility of phatosmia (secondary to brain tumor or neurological sidease), but i had to mention this because this was one of the remote possibilities.
based on your experience, are there any patients who have the same symptoms as mine? Honestly I can't describe what it tastes or smells like, its a combination of dirty soap, dirty rag, sweaty shirt, maybe some chemical smell and taste all in one. Im chewing gum, it helped some, but still taste and smell. Eating and drinking also tastes awful.
Thank you Brad for the follow up question.
I have seen many patients with similar complaints and effectively treated them.
In over 80% of the cases the usual underlying cause is gastro-esophageal reflux.
In remaining 15% it is from the sinus infection/inflammation.
Less than 5% have other causes like dental problems, drug related or neurological problems.
I have already given you some tips which will help you symptomatically.
And if this persist, you have to get this evaluated in detail.
Endoscopy or sinus x-rays will be required and probably a round of antibiotics or prescription strength full dose anti-reflux treatment.
I stopped taking fish oil and green tea pills over a week ago, thinking it might be the reason it caused weird odor taste in mouth and smell. I don't see any improvement at all. If fish oil and green tea pills are not the reason, is it ok to start taking them again?
Hello? Im waiting for a response, I replied about a couple hours ago, see below replied box
Hello brad.
I was offline since you went off line too after reading my last post.
There is no harm in taking fish oil and green tea pills.
You have not rated any of my answers, please note that the experts like me get the credit for our time and expertise only if you rate our answers positively.
Goodluck and get well soon :)


text:
1 An accountant decides to use the services of a cleaning company for one day per week.
What is this an example of?
(A) Development
(B) Downsizing
(C) Global contracting
(D) Outsourcing
2 A factory manager is deciding the best order in which to complete tasks.
Which operations process is being carried out?
(A) Monitoring
(B) Scheduling
(C) Sequencing
(D) Task design
3 Free samples of a breakfast cereal are given to supermarket customers to try.
For which stage of the product life cycle is this most likely to be an appropriate strategy?
(A) Establishment
(B) Growth
(C) Maturity
(D) Post-maturity
4 Which of the following is the correct sequence for an operations process?
(A) Facilities – controls – waste
(B) Materials – design – product
(C) Information – services – improvement
(D) Human resources – planning – customers
5 Which of the following is an entitlement of Australian employees?
(A) Wage increases every year
(B) Cost of living wage increases
(C) Minimum employment standards
(D) New employment contracts every two years
6 A business develops a shirt made from fabric which never stains or looks crushed. It then
runs an advertising campaign to inform people about this product.
What type of approach is this?
(A) Industrial
(B) Marketing
(C) Production
(D) Selling
7 In winter, the number of beach lifeguards employed by a local council is reduced.
What has influenced the transformation process in this situation?
(A) Variation in demand
(B) Variation in visibility
(C) Variety
(D) Volume
8 What would be the best strategy for a business to increase its gross profit?
(A) Use cost centres
(B) Reduce fixed costs
(C) Minimise expenses
(D) Use sale and leaseback
9 Information about four companies is shown in the table.
a=Staff turnover (% of workforce)
b=Output per worker (products per hour)
c=Absenteeism (average days per employee)
Company A: a=15 b=8 c=9
Company B: a=11 b=12 c=8
Company C: a=11 b=8 c=9
Company D: a=15 b=12 c=8
Which company is likely to have the best employee relations?
10 Sam's job is to set goals for employees and give them feedback on the achievement of
their goals.
What best describes this process?
(A) Dispute resolution
(B) Job design
(C) Performance management
(D) Recruitment
11 Which of the following is an essential aspect of logistics?
(A) Undertaking a skills audit
(B) Checking the quality of all output
(C) Materials handling and packaging
(D) The creation of a budget for new machinery
12 A manager builds relationships with individual employees and encourages their
contribution to decision-making in the workplace.
What leadership style is this?
(A) Autocratic
(B) Democratic
(C) Laissez faire
(D) Political
13 Robyn believes her manager has unfairly denied her a bonus. She consults her employee
handbook which instructs her to put her complaint in writing and send copies to the
manager and the Human Resources department.
What is Robyn doing?
(A) Seeking mediation
(B) Using negotiation
(C) Involving a tribunal
(D) Applying grievance procedures
15 A gym has fitness-conscious office workers as its target market.
What type of market segmentation is this?
(A) Geographic and behavioural
(B) Geographic and demographic
(C) Psychographic and behavioural
(D) Psychographic and demographic
16 The global financial crisis (GFC) caused many businesses to reduce their employee
What type of influence on human resources was this?
(A) Economic
(B) Financial
(C) Government
(D) Legal
17 A fast food outlet advertises a large soft drink for only 20 cents, knowing that customers
will also buy additional items from the menu once they are in the store.
What pricing strategy is this?
(A) Loss leader
(B) Penetration
(C) Price points
(D) Skimming
20 Which of the following groups would suffer the worst financial impact as a result of an
increase in the value of the Australian dollar?
(A) Japanese shareholders of an Australian bank
(B) Australian producers selling wine to New Zealand
(C) Australian car makers purchasing inputs from Italy
(D) American travel agents organising tours for Australians


text:
NECA: Vinz Clortho Terror Dog was released in 2004 by NECA.
Toy DescriptionEdit
Vinz Clortho Terror Dog
Back of CardEdit
ZUUL TERROR DOG and VINZ CLORTHO TERROR DOG
Zuul is a demi-god who was worshipped around 6000 BC by the Hittites, the Mesopotamians and the Sumerians. Zuul is the minion of Gozer. Zuul is the Gatekeeper and resides in the Temple of Zuul awaiting her subcreature, the Keymaster.
Vinz Clortho is the Keymaster of Gozer, Volguus Zildrohar, Lord of the Sebouillia. Vinz is waiting for the sign of the traveler who will come in one of the pre-chosen dorms, and he is in constant search for the Gatekeeper.
Product Development: Randy Falk
Art Director: Ed Repka
Sculptor: Shawn Nagle
Photography & Package Design: Nicolle M. Puzzo


text:
Achieving Sustainability in Agriculture Issues, Challenges and Opportunities
Achieving Sustainability in Agriculture Issues, Challenges and Opportunities
- Author: Srivastava VC
- Availability: In Stock
- 20% Off₹710.00 ₹568.00Get this eBook
- 20% Off₹450.00 ₹360.00Get this eBook
- 40% Off₹275.00 ₹165.00Get this eBook
- 44% Off₹800.00 ₹448.00Get this eBook
- 44% Off₹440.00 ₹246.40Get this eBook
- 20% Off₹2,000.00 ₹1,600.00Get this eBook
- 20% Off₹960.00 ₹768.00Get this eBook
- 44% Off₹1,500.00 ₹840.00Get this eBook
- 20% Off₹790.00 ₹632.00Get this eBook
- 20% Off₹295.00 ₹236.00Get this eBook
- 20% Off₹600.00 ₹480.00Get this eBook
- 20% Off₹650.00 ₹520.00Get this eBook
- Snapshot
- Description
About this eBook
PREFACE Global population was only one billion in 1800 AD, doubled by 1930 and reached three billion mark by 1960. However, it took only 39 years to double itself again by 1999, when it reached to six billion mark. It is estimated that by 2100 it will again double itself to twelve billion mark. Most of the future increase in population will be in developing countries of Asia, Africa and Latin America, where more and more area under agricultural production systems have been developed at the cost of natural eco-systems, which gradually deplete the soils of organic matter, nutrients and water, making them unsuitable in the long-run leading to the question on their sustainability. Sustainability is generally seen as human oriented, long term and involving interaction with natural systems. A sustainable agricultural production system must, therefore, produce economically the needed food, fibre, feed and fuel without depleting the natural resources and without deterrent to environment. It must discourage regional imbalance and encourage gender equality. Through a large amount of information has been generated on various aspects of sustainable agriculture, they are scattered in literatures. Thus, a compilation of available information has been strongly felt keeping in view the requirement of students, teachers, research scientists, administrators and those interested in the subject. The book contains chapters on sustainable agriculture, farming systems, agro-forestry, organic farming and crop and environment. The chapters have been arranged systematically, simple to understand and comprehend in an integrated manner. There may still be some lacuna in the book, which will be corrected in the subsequent editions if these are brought to my knowledge. Any suggestion from readers shall be welcomed for further improvement of the book in future. In writing the book, works of authors quoted and materials incorporated freely from various sources are gratefully acknowledged. Finally, I wish to place on record my appreciation for the perseverance, support and encouragement provided by my wife Kiran, sons Rajnish and
Manish and daughters-in-law Monica and Shweta, which made this book a reality. 2010
V.C. Srivastava
Introduction ............................................................................ 1 1.1.1 Concept and Goal ....................................................... 2 1.1.2 Definition .................................................................... 3 1.2 Classification of Relative Sustainability ............................... 5 1.3 Essential Components of a Sustainable Agriculture............ 5


text:
Authors: Flaherty, Alice W.; Rost, Natalia S.
Title: Massachusetts General Hospital Handbook of Neurology, The, 2nd Edition
Copyright ©2007 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
> Table of Contents > Adult Neurology > Evoked Potentials
Evoked Potentials
A. General
AKA evoked responses. They record latency, amplitude, R/L discrepancies from scalp during stimulation of sensory modalities. They can detect clinically silent lesions and give objective proof of sensory deficits, but a positive MRI usually makes EPs unnecessary.
B. Visual evoked potentials (VEP)
Stimulate with flashing light or checkerboard pattern. Detects vision when pt. can not communicate; delayed in optic neuritis even after recovery. P100 is prolonged in retinal or optic nerve lesion—need ERGs (electroretinograms) to differentiate between them.
C. Somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEP)
Stimulate peripheral nerves (usually median, common peroneal, posterior tibial), record on scalp, sometimes spine. Prolonged if lesion anywhere along nerve, plexus, nerve root, spinal cord, brainstem, thalamus, cortex.
D. Brainstem auditory evoked responses (BAER)
Measure function of auditory nerves and brainstem auditory pathways. Peripheral vestibular dz does not affect BAER. There are seven waves, but only I, III, and V are important. I is from CN VIII; III = bilateral superior olive, V = inferior colliculus. IPL = interpeak latency.
1. All waves absent: Suggests peripheral deafness.
2. I-III prolonged (or III absent): Suggests pontomedullary junction lesion, e.g., MS, CPA tumor, pontine glioma, brainstem infarct.
3. III-V prolonged (or V absent): Pons/midbrain lesion, e.g., MS, extrinsic mass compressing brainstem (includes contralateral CPA tumor).
4. All waves prolonged: Suggests diffuse dz, e.g., MS, big glioma. Not usually metabolic.
Authors: Flaherty, Alice W.; Rost, Natalia S.
Title: Massachusetts General Hospital Handbook of Neurology, The, 2nd Edition
Copyright ©2007 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
> Table of Contents > Adult Neurology > Eyes and Vision
Eyes and Vision
A. Vision
Sudden visual loss is an emergency.
1. H&P: Time course of visual loss, eye pain, headache, fevers, joint pain, DM, check BP, ocular and carotid bruits, fundi (disc pallor, papilledema, retinopathy, arterial occlusion or cholesterol plaque, cherry red spot), red desaturation, pinhole correction, Amsler grid for metamorphopsia, size of blind spot.
a. Whenever you use dilating drops to examine the fundi, note it clearly in the chart so the next examiner will not think the pt is herniating.
2. Poor acuity: See eye chart, back endpapers. Suggests eye or optic nerve problem. If acuity corrects to normal with pinhole, the problem is in the media of the eye, not nerve.
3. Binocular blindness: Usually from a lesion at the optic chiasm (e.g., pituitary mass) or in both occipital lobes (e.g., bilateral PCA infarcts), or toxic/metabolic/nutritional—unless both eyes have been exposed to the same insult (e.g., shower of emboli).
4. Monocular blindness: Transient (TMB) or permanent loss, sudden and nontraumatic.
a. Causes:
1) TMB: Embolus or thrombus, often from carotid lesion. 11% of TMB pts later have stroke, 41% of them within 1 wk. Temporal arteritis or other vasculitis….
2) Sudden permanent monocular blindness: All causes of TMB, plus optic neuritis, intraocular bleed, retinal detachment, acute angle closure glaucoma, infection….
b. Types of retinal infarct:
1) Central retinal artery: Cherry red spot seen in fundus after 6 h.
2) Branch retinal artery: Fundus pallor along that branch.
3) Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy: Often idiopathic; sometimes arteritis.
c. Tests: ESR, CRP, fibrinogen, TEE, temporal artery biopsy (within days of starting steroids). See also Stroke workup, p. 20.
d. Rx of TMB:
1) Prednisone: 60 mg qd until artery biopsy results are back. Vessel inflammation can be patchy, so if clinical suspicion is high, continue prednisone and rebiopsy.
2) IV heparin: See Anticoagulants, p. 160.
3) Decrease intraocular pressure to help move a possible embolus through the eye. Hypercarbia probably does not help.
a) Massage eye: Have pt. press hard × 4 sec; off × 4 sec.
b) IV mannitol 50 g, or IV acetazolamide 400 mg. Watch BP.
c) Anterior paracentesis by ophthalmologist.
e. Rx of optic neuritis: See Demyelinating Disease, p. 33.
5. Visual field defects:
a. Monocular scotoma: Prechiasmal lesion, e.g., glaucoma, retinal hemorrhage, optic neuritis, retinal detachment.
b. Noncongruent bilateral scotomata: Chiasm + nerve lesion.
c. Bitemporal defect: Chiasmal lesion, e.g., aneurysm or pituitary mass. Consider glaucoma.
d. Homonymous defect (same side in both eyes): Postchiasmal.
1) Sparing macula: Visual cortex.
2) Including macula: Optic radiations.
3) Superior quadrant defect: Optic radiations in inferior temporal lobe that can be affected by mastoid infection causing cerebritis.
4) Inferior quadrant defect: Optic radiations in parietal lobe.
6. Higher visual system abnormalities:
a. Anton's syndrome: Bilateral occipital lesions cause blindness, but pt denies he is blind.
b. Bonnet's syndrome: Visual deprivation hallucinations (formed, stereotyped, no other signs of delirium).
c. Motion and visuospatial processing: Dorsal, occipitoparietal "where" pathway.
1) Balint's syndrome: Visual disorientation (simultanagnosia), optic ataxia (deficit of visual reaching), ocular apraxia (deficit of visual scanning). From bilateral occipitoparietal lesion.
d. Object recognition: Ventral, occipitotemporal "what" pathway lesions cause visual agnosia.
1) Prosopagnosia: Inability to recognize faces; from bilateral inferior visual association cortex lesions.
2) Word blindness: Alexia without agraphia. Seen in left hemisphere lesion near splenium of callosum. Usually with R homonymous hemianopsia and color anomia or achromatopsia.
3) Achromatopsia vs. color anomia: In former, pt. cannot perceive colors; in latter, pt. can perceive them but not name them.
B. Pupils
1. Causes of anisocoria: (unequal pupils)
a. Horner's syndrome: see p. 12.
b. Third nerve lesion:
1) H&P: Unilateral large pupil; also ophthalmoplegia and ptosis. Anisocoria is worse in light (vs. Horner's). Ask about time course, comorbid conditions (e.g., DM).
2) DDx: Aneurysm (especially P-comm) > ischemia (e.g., DM or HTN) > trauma, uncal herniation, tumor, etc. In an alert pt., a fixed dilated pupil is almost never herniation.
a) Pupil involvement: Suggests compression because pupillary parasympathetic fibers are the most superficial.
b) Pupil sparing: Suggests ischemic third nerve. But only consider a lesion pupil sparing if it is otherwise a complete third nerve palsy (ophthalmoplegia and ptosis). Otherwise you may be fooled by an early compressive third.
c) R/O P-comm aneurysm: Immediate CT and LP to r/o bleed, consider angiogram. May not need this if deficit is clearly pupil sparing.
c. Drug effects:
1) Dilators (mydriatics): From sympathetic agonists, e.g., atropine, scopolamine, phenylephrine, tropicamide, albuterol. Test with 1% pilocarpine (a parasympathetic agonist); it will not constrict pupil if the pupil was previously drug dilated, but will in third nerve compression or Adie's syndrome.
2) Constrictors: From parasympathetic agonists, e.g., pilocarpine.
d. Acute glaucoma: Fixed pupil, about 6 mm. Also decreased acuity; red, painful eye; hazy cornea; blurred vision; shallow ant. chamber if side-illuminate with penlight.
1) Rx: Emergent IV acetazolamide or mannitol; topical pilocarpine.
e. Adie's (tonic) pupil: One large pupil, reacts poorly to light, with better constriction to near; then redilates sluggishly. Often sudden, in young woman, with decreased DTRs.
1) Test: Dilute pilocarpine (0.1%) will constrict Adie's pupil but not normal pupil.
f. Argyll-Robertson: Small, irregular, unequal (sometimes equal) pupils, constrict to near better than light.
1) DDx: Syphilis, diabetic pseudotabes….
g. Old ocular surgery or trauma.
h. Physiologic anisocoria: Should be less than 1 mm difference in both light and dark, briskly reactive.
2. Causes of bilateral fixed or poorly reactive pupils:
a. Bilateral large pupils:
1) Fixed: Death, subtotal medullary lesion, immediately post anoxia or hypothermia, severe hypoglycemia, bilateral or nuclear third palsy, botulism.
2) Reactive (usually): Anxiety, opiate withdrawal, aerosolized albuterol, overdose of IV dopamine, atropine, aminoglycosides, tetracycline, Mg, amyl nitrite.
b. Midsized pupils: Dorsal midbrain lesion, e.g., from hydrocephalus. May see sluggish reaction to near, as in Argyll-Robertson pupil.
c. Pinpoint pupils: Opiates, pontine lesion (usually with skew deviation or ophthalmoplegia), metabolic encephalopathy.
3. Afferent pupillary defect (APD, Marcus-Gunn pupil): Transient dilation as flashlight moves from good to bad eye. From optic neuritis or retinal lesion.
C. Fundi
1. Disk edema: Ask about pulsatile tinnitus, gray/blackouts of vision lasting a few seconds, headache, N/V, and diplopia, which are all other signs of increased ICP. Look for venous pulsations, acuity, fields.
a. Papilledema: Term reserved for disk edema due to high ICP.
b. Bilateral disk edema: Usually painless. High ICP from intracranial tumors, pseudotumor cerebri, metabolic problems….
c. Unilateral edema:
1) Visual loss and pain: Optic neuritis, infection/inflammation, temporal arteritis.
2) Visual loss, no pain: Ant. ischemic optic neuropathy from temporal arteritis or vascular risk factors.
2. Optic atrophy: Glaucoma, past neuritis, toxic/metabolic optic neuropathies, chronic papilledema.
D. Eye Movement Abnormalities
1. See also: Cranial Nerves, p. 32.
2. Acute extraocular paralysis is an emergency: Consider botulism, myasthenic crisis, P-comm aneurysm, cavernous sinus thrombosis, infection, fistula, variant Guillain-Barré syndrome.
3. H&P: Direction of greatest deficit, h/o lazy eye, drugs, thyroid dz, pain, alteration with fatigue. Note head tilt (compare with old photo), check Bell's reflex, stereopsis, ocular bruit.
a. Eye muscles:
b. Figure shows the main field of action of individual eye muscles. Have pt. track your finger in these directions; also test saccades laterally and vertically.
Figure 7. Direction of ocular muscle action, right eye.
c. Diplopia without visibly disconjugate gaze:
1) Red glass test: Convention is to hold it over R eye. Have pt. report relative positions of red and normal images in all directions of gaze. Diplopia is maximal in the field of gaze of the paretic muscle, and the image belonging to the paretic muscle projects peripherally.
2) Alternating cover test: For phoria (latent): shift cover to other eye while fixating. If covered eye moves in, it is exophoria; if out, it is esophoria; if down, it is hyperphoria; if up, it is hypophoria. If eyes are never conjugate (but not paralyzed), it is a tropia, not a phoria.
4. Causes of eye movement abnormalities: Nerve palsy, brainstem lesion, raised ICP with herniation, strabismus, myasthenia gravis, drugs (especially DPH), multiple sclerosis, Graves' dz, orbital entrapment, trauma, meningitis or other infection, migraine, Wernicke's syndrome, Fisher variant of GBS, mitochondrial dz.
a. Causes of painful ophthalmoplegias: Cavernous sinus tumor, thrombosis, fistula, or dissection; zoster, DM, migraine, infection, Tolosa-Hunt syndrome.
5. Bilateral conjugate gaze palsies:
a. Bilateral fixed eyes:
1) Caloric test: see p. 222.
2) Oculocephalic reflex: (Doll's eye test is a confusing term.) Do only if C-spine is stable.
b. Bilateral upgaze palsy: The main vertical gaze center is the rostral interstitial nucleus of MLF in dorsal midbrain; there may be another at the cervicomedullary junction.
1) Causes: Can tell supranuclear lesions (e.g., PSP, dorsal midbrain syndrome) from age-related eye muscle weakness by the presence of other deficits and by the following tests:
a) Bell's reflex: Eyes normally roll up when pt tries to close lids against your resistance. This reflex is intact in supranuclear lesions.
b) Vertical doll's eyes: Have pt fix on a target while you move pt.'s head. Intact in supranuclear lesions.
c) Light-near dissociation: Present in pretectal lesions. The pupil constricts better when accommodating near targets than it does to light.
2) Dorsal midbrain lesion (Parinaud's syndrome): Often from basilar stroke or pineal tumor. Upgaze worse than downgaze.
See convergence paresis, retraction nystagmus, and lid retraction ("setting sun eyes") on attempted upgaze. May see skew deviation, light-near dissociation.
c. Bilateral downgaze palsy: Early PSP, bilateral ventral midbrain lesions, anoxic coma.
d. Bilateral lateral deviation: Contralateral cerebral hemisphere or midbrain lesion; ipsilateral pons lesion.
1) Causes: Lesion of 6th nucleus, pedunculopontine reticular formation (PPRF), parietal neglect, L frontal (in latter two, oculocephalic reflex can overcome gaze paresis).
2) vs. PPRF lesion: Although the rostral PPRF is usually affected with the 6th nerve given their close proximity, lesion of the 6th nerve nucleus involves 7th nerve as well (genu of 7th wraps around 6th nucleus), giving an ipsilateral lower motor neuron 7th palsy (forehead spared). A pure PPRF lesion spares 6th nerve function.
e. Internuclear ophthalmoplegia (INO):
a) Ipsilateral eye: Poor adduction to nose.
b) Contralateral eye: Abduction nystagmus (on lateral gaze).
c) Convergence paresis: Except in very caudal lesions.
2) Location: Lesion is on side of the eye with poor adduction, in the MLF, rostral to 6th nerve nucleus (blocks path from 6th to contralateral 3rd), anywhere from pons to midbrain.
3) DDx: The elderly usually have vascular causes; young adults usually MS; children usually pontine glioma. Myasthenia can cause a "pseudo-INO."
f. One-and-a-half syndrome: An INO plus horizontal gaze palsy. The ipsilateral eye cannot adduct or abduct. The contralateral eye cannot adduct and has abduction nystagmus. The lesion is lower in the pons than that causing an INO; it is at the level of the 6th nerve nucleus and involves the MLF and PPRF.
g. Congenital progressive external ophthalmoplegia (CPEO): See Mitochondrial Disorders, p. 72.
6. Skew deviation: A vertical misalignment, seen in posterior fossa and brainstem lesions.
7. Unilateral ophthalmoparesis:
a. Individual muscle palsy: See Figure 7, p. 48
b. CN III (oculomotor): See also Anisocoria (unequal pupils), p. 46.
1) H&P: Fixed and dilated pupil, ptosis, partial ophthalmoparesis. Only lateral gaze is intact, so eye is deviated down and out. Superior trunk controls upgaze and lid; inferior trunk controls downgaze and pupil.
2) Causes: Important to rule out P-comm aneurysm immediately (see p. 47). Midbrain lesion usually has contralateral hemiparesis too. Pupil-sparing palsy (ptosis plus ophthalmoparesis must be present) suggests nerve ischemia usually in setting of diabetes; also temporal arteritis or myasthenia. Often idiopathic.
c. CN IV (trochlear):
1) H&P: Diplopia on looking down and in.
2) Compensatory head tilt: Away from side of lesion. "GOTS Worse"—Gaze Opposite, Tilt Same makes a 4th palsy Worse.
a) Chronic? Look at driver's license to see if head tilt is old.
3) Bielshowsky test: Look for hypertropia and diplopia on straight gaze, R gaze vs. L, and R head tilt vs. L tilt.
4) Causes: Closed head trauma > vascular > tumor. Often idiopathic.
d. CN VI (abducens):
1) H&P: In a nerve lesion, only the ipsilateral eye cannot look laterally. A nuclear lesion also impairs contralateral eye's ability to look towards the lesioned side.
2) Causes: Tumor (30%) > trauma, ischemic, high ICP, Graves' dz, idiopathic, Wernicke's syndrome….
3) Cavernous sinus syndromes:
Figure 8. The cavernous sinus. (From Greenberg MS. Handbook of Neurosurgery. 3rd ed. Lakeland, FL: Greenberg Graphics; 1994: 103, with permission.)
a) H&P: Variable involvement of CN III, IV, V1-2, VI. An isolated VI palsy with a Horner's syndrome is a giveaway. Often with pain and proptosis.
b) DDx: Carotid artery aneurysm, dissection; venous thrombosis, infection, tumor, Tolosa-Hunt, Wernicke's….
c) Tolosa-Hunt syndrome: Idiopathic granuloma near the superior orbital fissure, causing pain and III, IV, or VI palsies. Responds to steroids but r/o tumors and infection first. Do not confuse Tolosa-Hunt with Ramsay-Hunt syndrome (see p. 93).
8. Nystagmus: Although jerk nystagmus is described by the direction of the fast phase, it is always a disorder of slow eye movements.
a. H&P: Note whether nystagmus is present in primary gaze; direction of fast component, whether it extinguishes with fixation. Look for accompanying palatal or facial myoclonus, which suggests denervation of the inf. olive, by damage to the central tegmental tract.
b. Causes of nystagmus: See also Vertigo, p. 127.
1) Horizontal:
a) Jerk nystagmus: Saccadic movement in one direction; slow corrective movement in the other. Causes include drugs, cerebellar or brainstem lesion, vestibular dz, congenital syndromes. A few beats of end-gaze nystagmus may be normal.
b) Pendular nystagmus: Slow movements in both directions. Drugs and vestibular causes are uncommon (unlike jerk nystagmus). Seen in congenital blindness.
2) Downbeat: Often craniocervical junction problem causing ant. cerebellar vermis lesion, e.g., with Chiari malformation. Also MS, drugs, Wernicke's syndrome….
3) Upbeat: Often medullary lesion; also MS, drugs, Wernicke's….
4) Rotatory: If in combination with horizontal nystagmus and vertigo, usually a peripheral, vestibular lesion. If pure rotatory, usually medullary or diencephalic.
9. Other ocular oscillations:
a. Square wave jerks: Small-amplitude macrosaccades on attempted fixation. Causes: Often cerebellar or demyelinating dz.
b. Ocular bobbing: Constant, conjugate down and up oscillations—fast down, then slow drift back to midposition 2-12 ×/min, with horizontal gaze paralysis. Should distinguish it from vertical nystagmus. Causes: Often pontine lesion; sometimes metabolic or from hydrocephalus. Consider also vertical nystagmus.
c. Ocular dysmetria: Eye over- or undershoots target, then makes refixation saccades. Causes: Often cerebellar dz. Distinguish from hypometric saccades, in which eye always undershoots; a sign of extrapyramidal bradykinesia.
d. Ocular flutter: Rapid bursts of horizontal oscillations in primary gaze. Similar causes to opsoclonus.
e. Opsoclonus: Continuous, conjugate, multidirectional saccades. Often from paraneoplastic syndrome; MS, postviral opsoclonus-myoclonus; encephalitis, drugs, tumors.
E. Lids
1. Ptosis: (lid droop)
a. Unilateral ptosis: Horner's, third nerve palsy, myasthenia (varies with fatigue), trauma. Sag from 7th nerve palsy can mask ptosis. 7th nerve palsy can imitate a contralateral ptosis because it widens the ipsilateral palpebral fissure.
b. Bilateral ptosis: Nuclear third lesion, myasthenia, progressive external ophthalmoplegia, age-related periorbital atrophy, redundant lid tissue, oculopharyngeal dystrophy, bilateral third palsy.
2. Blink rate: Decreased in extrapyramidal bradykinetic syndromes. These pts often cannot suppress blinks to repeated forehead tap (Myerson's sign) and may have blepharoclonus (lid fluttering) with eyes closed.
3. Lid retraction: Consider dorsal midbrain syndrome; hyperthyroidism (often with lid lag as pt looks down), chronic steroids.
F. Exophthalmos
(AKA proptosis)
1. DDx: Carotid cavernous fistula (usually pulsatile), tumor, hyperthyroidism, infection, inflammation, hemorrhage, 3rd nerve palsy (via rectus relaxation), carotid sinus occlusion.
G. Horner's syndrome
a. Ptosis: An ID photo can show if it is old.
b. Miosis (small pupil): Worse in dark because the abnormal pupil fails to dilate (vs. 3rd nerve lesion, which is worse in light). There should be a dilation lag when lights are turned off.
c. Anhidrosis: Seen if lesion is in nerve before the sweat afferents leave with ext. carotid artery. Wipe on iodine bilaterally and let it dry; then put starch from a glove on top. Sweat will turn it purple.
2. Tests for localization:
a. Cocaine test confirms Horner's: dilates normal pupil only. Blocks reuptake, so no effect unless norepinephrine being released at pupil.
b. Apraclonidine is a readily available alternative to cocaine. It dilates Horner's pupil only. It is a weak α1-agonist.
c. Hydroxyamphetamine test dilates Horner's pupils only if 3rd-order neurons are intact because it is an indirect agonist that releases norepinephrine from the intact terminal.
3. Causes of isolated Horner's syndrome:
a. 3rd-order lesion: Usually idiopathic (if congenital, iris is often heterochromic) but r/o carotid dissection (no anhidrosis if internal carotid).
b. 1st- and 2nd-order: Tumor (including Pancoast) > cluster HA > vascular (dissection, cavernous thrombosis, ischemia) > cervical disk > trauma (including thoracic surgery) > meningitis > PTX > intrinsic brainstem lesion (usually with other findings).


text:
About us
see article in / ver artículo en / voir l'article en: French, Spanish
Introduction to RIPESS
Board Members and Executive Coordination
Continental Members
History of RIPESS
Reference Documents
RIPESS is a network of continental networks that connects social solidarity economy networks throughout the world. The continental networks (RIPESS-LAC, RIPESS-EU, RIPESS-NA, RAESS and ASEC) in turn bring together national and sectoral networks. RIPESS believes in the importance of global solidarity in order to build and strengthen an economy that puts people and planet front and center. From Lima (1997) to Quebec (2001), from Dakar (2005) to Luxembourg (2009) and Manila (2013), RIPESS organizes global forums every four years and is a nexus for learning, information sharing and international collaboration.
RIPESS' mission is to build and promote the social solidarity economy (SSE), which takes into account the social and ethical dimension in all its economic activities. Thus the SSE aims to produce, exchange and consume goods and services that answer the economic and social needs of the local and international communities.
This social and solidarity economy values work over capital. It aims at satisfying the needs of individuals and communities rather than seeking to maximize profit or financial gains. Solidarity-based economic units rest upon a model of democratic decision-making and a participatory and transparent management system, which aims at ensuring collective ownership and responsibility for the outcomes of economic activities, as well as ongoing mobilisation and contributions to ensure their success.
The contribution of this economy is appraised by its incidence on local, national and international development, mainly, through the creation of permanent jobs, the development of new services, the enhancement of living standards, the contribution to gender equity, the protection of the environment and the creation of wealth under ethical conditions.


text:
Thu Feb 7, 2013, 10:24 PM
russ1943 (585 posts)
The AW most frequently used in crime wasnt a rifle.
Seldom mentioned in discussions about the 1994 FEDERAL ASSAULT WEAPONS BAN is the fact that the assault weapon most used in crime at that time was an assault pistol, the Intratec TEC-9.
An Updated Assessment of the Federal Assault Weapons Ban: Impacts on Gun Markets and Gun Violence, 1994-2003 http://www.sas.upenn.edu/jerrylee/research/aw_final2004.pdf Page 2 & 4
The study linked below contains more than 20 examples of assault pistols currently marketed in the United States, led by AK-47 and AR-15 pistols that offer assault rifle power in a compact pistol format. Each of the assault pistols detailed in the study would be banned by legislation introduced last week by Senator Dianne Feinstein (D-CA).
Assault Pistols, the Next Wave http://www.vpc.org/studies/awpistols.pdf
Today, more assault pistol makes and models are available than ever before for civilian sale in the United States. They range from models that were named under the now-expired federal assault weapons ban (such as the UZI pistol, MAC-10, and Calico) to newer models such as the AK-47 and AR-15 pistols. As a 2011 article published in Handguns magazine titled AR Pistols: The Hugely Popular Rifle Platform Makes a Pretty Cool Handgun as Well noted, There's no doubt in the last few years that AR pistols have become extremely popular. In a segment of his cable television show Ted Nugents Spirit of the Wild titled Uncle Teds Favorite Guns, National Rifle Association Board Member Ted Nugent cheerfully acknowledged the military pedigree and lauded the rifle power of the Century International Arms Centurion 39 AK-47 pistol, This is a variation of what they lovingly refer to as the Kalashnikov, the AK-47....This is a handgun version, almost what you see the bad guys in Afghanistan use...7.62 x 39mm, out of a little, short, rifle basically, but its a handgun, this is a handgun. Its legal, without a Class III ATF forms.
Are there any gun enthusiasts even if theyre opposed to the assault rifle ban that could support an assault pistol ban?
13 replies, 2910 views
|13 replies
The AW most frequently used in crime wasnt a rifle. (Original post)
|Feb 2013
|Feb 2013
|Feb 2013
|Feb 2013
|Feb 2013
|Feb 2013
|Feb 2013
|Feb 2013
|Feb 2013
|Feb 2013
|Feb 2013
|Feb 2013
|Feb 2013
|Feb 2013
Response to russ1943 (Original post)
Thu Feb 7, 2013, 10:41 PM
derby378 (30,208 posts)
1. My take
The AK-47 pistols (like the Centurion and Draco) are problematic for American gun owners, although the full-size carbines and those SBR models available under NFA are not really an issue. See, the law on armor-piercing ammunition in the United States is that such bullets are banned for handguns. Since those AK pistols are classified as handguns despite the fact that they use rifle ammunition, that means any armor-piercing rounds in 7.62x39mm are banned in America. The AK-74, on the other hand, uses 5.45x39mm rounds, and I have yet to see an AK-74 pistol make the scene on these shores, so armor-piercing ammo for those rifles is technically still legal, but extremely rare to find.
I've also fired Uzis, both semi-auto and full-auto. The semi-auto version seems to kick into my shoulder more than the full-auto version for some reason.
I used to own a TEC-9, which was a mistake. Jams fairly frequently, sights cannot be adjusted. Good thing I never fired it.
As far as the legal aspects, I don't think a semi-auto Mac-11 or Uzi can be considered a "handgun" in terms of CHL laws, so you can't walk down the street with one tucked under your blazer without the cops making a considerable show of force in detaining you. For home defense, I have no objection. They just wouldn't be my first choice.
If you wanted to get serious about gun laws, you could propose that only guns suitable for use by "a well-regulated militia" could be sold in America. AK and AR rifles are proven militia-quality weapons. The TEC-9 and MAC-11, IMHO, are not.
Response to russ1943 (Original post)
Thu Feb 7, 2013, 10:42 PM
rdharma (6,057 posts)
2. Herp derp!
I love it when the gun nutters think they have made some really important "GOTCHA" point over firearms terminology.
Ol' Skeeter flashes a big one toothed smile when some "librul" mistakenly calls a feeding device (magazine) for an M-16/AR-15 a "clip"!
Weehawww, y'all!!
Response to rdharma (Reply #2)
Thu Feb 7, 2013, 10:57 PM
discntnt_irny_srcsm (13,543 posts)
4. yeehaa!
Alcohol, tobacco and firearms... anyone have any chips?
Response to russ1943 (Original post)
Thu Feb 7, 2013, 10:48 PM
krispos42 (47,619 posts)
3. Are they being used in crimes?
Bear in mind that plenty of "regular" handguns are more powerful shot-per-shot than anything from a AR-15 pistol. And plenty of regular pistols can take 30 round magazines.
These pistols based on semiautomatic rifles are much larger than "regular" handguns, much heavier, and much harder to conceal. Not to mention a lot more expensive. And I'll be the recoil is plenty sharp, too.
An AR-15 handgun seems to generate about 750 ft-pounds of energy. That's less than a 44 Magnum, more than a .357 Magnum.
Response to krispos42 (Reply #3)
Thu Feb 7, 2013, 11:21 PM
russ1943 (585 posts)
6. .....it is not possible to determine these guns use in crime in the United States.........
http://www.vpc.org/studies/awpistols.pdf pages 6 & 7
.due to Tiahrt Amendment restrictions on the release of formerly available federal crime gun trace data20 it is not possible to determine these guns use in crime in the United States beyond the anecdotalof which there are numerous examples as reported by Nexis.
For example: "CHP officer shot Sunday evening," The Bakersfield Californian, May 7, 2012, A California Highway Patrol officer suffered injuries to his hand and chest when an occupant of an SUV opened fire on him Sunday evening...The weapon used was a 9-millimeter handgun, possibly a MAC 10-type"; "Prosecutor seeks more prison for terror threats," The Associated Press State & Local Wire, April 28, 2012, "Prosecutors had wanted to throw the book at Olutosin Oduwole, arguing that the aspiring rapper's note threatening a Virginia Tech-like killing spree while he attended a southwestern Illinois university justified a maximum 15-year prison sentence. What Oduwole got last December was just five years behind bars...A gun dealer had tipped them [federal agents] off earlier in the month that Oduwole appeared overly anxious to get four semiautomatic weapons including an UZI-like MAC 10 that he had ordered; "State AG: Shooter, woman found dead in Greenland home, Foster's Daily Democrat (New Hampshire), April 14, 2012, "Many questions remain after the man investigators believe shot and killed Police Chief Mike Maloney and injured four other officers was found dead inside his residence early Friday morning...Investigators reportedly also believe a semi-automatic assault pistol was likely used in the shootout with police"; "Man in crime spree sentenced to 44 years," December 16, 2011, The Kansas City Star, "The bullet that ended Lee Maleks police career also ended the short, violent and prolific criminal rampage of the man who fired it...He had just been promoted to sergeant in June 2007 when his patrol car was nearly hit by a reckless driver. The car had been stolen at gunpoint a few hours earlier in Kansas City, Kan., and Malek pursued the vehicle until it stalled. The driver...jumped out with a MAC-10 semiautomatic and began firing at Malek, who fired back"; "Police say Fort Drum soldier had assault pistol loaded with 100 rounds," Watertown Daily Times (New York), October 27, 2011, "Watertown police say a Fort Drum soldier was found possessing three guns, including an assault weapon loaded with 100 rounds, during a disturbance early Saturday morning...in the bed of the truck was a KelTec PLR-16 .223 caliber gas-operated semi-automatic pistol loaded with 100 rounds"; "Memories didn't die with officer," San Antonio Express-News, October 23, 2011, "Next, Garcia carried his MAC-10 to the porch and fired at his wife's relatives...When the MAC-10 ran out of ammunition, Garcia went back into the house, reappeared holding an AK-47 and shot wildly until that weapon ran out of bullets, too"; "Two Berkeley men arrested, guns seized in possible retaliation mission," Contra Costa Times (California), September 9, 2011, "Two Berkeley men who police believe were in East Oakland to avenge a friend's recent slaying were arrested Thursday night and three loaded guns, including an assault pistol, were recovered during a police response that saw the evacuation of a market...."; "Man sought in robbery of South Fayette gun shop," Pittsburgh Tribune-Review, June 9, 2011, "Police are looking for a man who entered a South Fayette gun store just after 10 a.m. Wednesday, shot a clerk in an arm and the chest [and] stole a .45-caliber handgun...Police believe the suspect is armed with a MAC-10 assault pistol."
Response to russ1943 (Original post)
Thu Feb 7, 2013, 11:06 PM
ileus (15,127 posts)
5. I'd love to have an AR pistol.
All this talk about AR not being the best HD firearm got me to thinking. The pistol would give one the firepower of a rifle along with a 30 round mag, while saving 15" of length.
Response to ileus (Reply #5)
Fri Feb 8, 2013, 06:29 AM
rdharma (6,057 posts)
7. I'd luv to have a AR pistol to!
Response to ileus (Reply #5)
Fri Feb 8, 2013, 09:44 AM
SQUEE (1,142 posts)
8. I've had 4, I build them as pistols as I wait for my tax stamps to come back.
Also have a Draco, and mini draco, both now have stamps and underfolders. They are excellent back pack set ups for camping and hiking.
Aside from loss of power, the muzzle flash is quite large, but in terms of home intruder distances, they are still very effective, and with the proper loads very good, and accurate platforms.
The other problem is that uninformed LEO and range goers make the AR pistols a chore, always explaining the difference between a buffer tube and a stock I carry a copy of the ATF letter on them with me whenever i have them. Along with that I also notice that they tend to be more "intimidating" to uninformed people as they look more like an SMG, hence I don't take them out to the ranges here and do all my shooting with them on my own land.
To me the entire SBR tax is silly, though compact, my SBRs are not that easily concealable, and the arbitrary 16/26 inch limits does nothing for safety and is again a ban on appearance and scary factor.
Response to SQUEE (Reply #8)
Fri Feb 8, 2013, 05:04 PM
Ashgrey77 (236 posts)
9. I'd love to have a SBR'd Draco with a sidefolder for home defense.
And I fully agree that barrel length restrictions are ridiculous and do nothing to prevent crime.
Response to russ1943 (Original post)
Fri Feb 8, 2013, 11:06 PM
slackmaster (60,567 posts)
10. Interesting factoid, but frankly it's a POS, jam-o-matic pistol and I would never pay a dime for one
Even if it was legal in my state.
And no, I believe in freedom of choice so I would not support a ban of any type of firearm.
The theory that banning that particular handgun because it happened to have been popular in crime during some period of time would actually reduce criminal misuse of handguns strikes me as magical thinking.
Response to slackmaster (Reply #10)
Sat Feb 9, 2013, 10:26 AM
SQUEE (1,142 posts)
11. I actually feel safer knowing that bad actors are using shitty guns
and stupid novelty magazines.
I say let people have cool looking but shitty functioning firearms, they seem to be saving lives.
Cho showed what a mad man with some practice and a squared away kit is capable of.
I admit I dread the day that a real threat emerges, and has to "get it on"
Response to SQUEE (Reply #11)
Sat Feb 9, 2013, 10:32 AM
iiibbb (1,448 posts)
12. yup
Response to iiibbb (Reply #12)
Sat Feb 9, 2013, 04:24 PM
rdharma (6,057 posts)
13. That's not a real firearm.......
.... it's a tear gas gun. Not likely to kill anybody.