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College FAQ
Your top 10 questions about college, answered.
By SLU Staff Writers
1) How much will I study in college?
Being a college student is a full-time job. Expect to study two to three hours for every hour you spend in class, so about 30 – 45 hours a week if you take 15 credit hours.
If that sounds overwhelming, consider this: College gives you more control over what you study, so you'll be learning about things you really love. Plus, you don't have to go it alone. Grab a friend and head to the library or review lecture notes on your laptop at your favorite coffee shop.
2) How will I pick a major?
It's totally fine if you aren't already sure what you want to study—a big part of college is exploration, so it's important to choose a place that lets you stretch the possibilities. Larger universities offer the most flexibility in what you can study. For example, SLU offers nearly 100 undergraduate degrees, which can be customized with certificates and minors to create an education totally unique to you and your interests.
Get excited about the possibilities! Take a majors quiz or see the five most popular majors at SLU.
3) What is it like to live in a college dorm room?
Dorms get a bad rap sometimes, but when you think about it, it's actually a pretty good living situation. It's your first time "on your own," but you're surrounded by new friends and support from residence advisors (RAs).
Residence halls come in all shapes and sizes. You might live with one other person in a room that shares a floor-wide communal space, but more and more dorms are moving to apartment-style living. Find out about the housing options at SLU or plan your dorm room on Pinterest.
4) Can I drive?
It depends on the school you attend. At SLU, first-year students can bring their cars and park on campus on a first-come, first-served basis. But current students often recommend freshmen wait a bit before bringing their cars.
College campuses are self-contained, and much of what you want to do will either be on campus or nearby (explore what there is to do in St. Louis). Plus, public transportation options make it very easy to get around for all four years with just a bike or your feet.
5) Should I go Greek?
Depending on the college you choose, this could be a defining question for you. Some things to keep in mind are the time involved, the mission or purpose behind the group you are interested in joining and the type of extracurricular activities on which they focus.
While fraternities and sororities can be social, many are career- or service- oriented. At SLU, 15 percent of undergraduate students go Greek. No matter what you choose to do, college offers plenty of opportunities for making friends and forming lifelong bonds either in or out of a formal group.
6) Am I going to gain weight?
Ah, the freshman 15. College can be hard on your health. You have less time, you're more stressed, and your cooking skills begin and end at ramen noodles and cookie dough from a tube. Luckily, there are plenty of options to stay healthy. Hitting the gym is a guaranteed way to help you keep up your energy and keep off those pounds and at SLU, a membership there is part of your student fees.
Campus food is getting healthier too. At SLU, dining services offers vegan and vegetarian choices, along with organic milk and free-range meats whenever possible. Fresh Gatherings Café at the medical center serves up dishes like black bean and quinoa burgers with jicama apple slaw, and also offers a market selling locally raised produce.
7) How far should I go from home?
Your parents probably have a lot of say in this decision, and rightly so! There are benefits to being close to your friends and family, especially during the first year you are on your own, while heading out into the world can help you build your independence and focus on your studies (Plus, there is always Skype!).
The bottom line is that you should choose the best college for you. Focus on finding that first. Before long, you might be defining home in an entirely new way.
8) How am I going to afford this?
College costs can add up, there's no doubt. Before you put lottery tickets on the shopping list though, remember that there is a lot of financial aid available. In fact, at SLU 97 percent of first-time freshmen receive help with tuition, with more than $333 million awarded in scholarships and financial aid in 2014.
Check out the Presidential Scholarship, a four-year, full-tuition award SLU offers to exceptional students. Find out more about financial aid, talk to your family about what you can afford and make a plan.
9) What's life like on campus?
Classes and grades are a big part of your university experience, but they aren't the only ways you grow when you're in college. The organizations, sports and cultural experiences offered on and near campus will be a big part of your life.
SLU offers over 200 campus organizations and activities, including plenty of opportunities to volunteer, participate in team or club sports, or sing your heart out in a cappella groups, while St. Louis' cultural heart is steps away, offering the symphony, theater shows, art and great eats.
10) Should I pick a party school?
Not to sound like your mom here, but that depends on what you want at the end of four years. You get one chance at an undergraduate experience. A school that focuses on academics and you as a person is going to leave you in a better position, period.
Need proof? Ask recent grads: 96 percent of 2013 SLU graduates are satisfied in their careers or graduate studies. That's not to say SLU students don't have fun. Billikens After Dark offers peer-pressure-free street parties, while NCAA Division I teams keep excitement high and Chaifetz Arena rocks the student body.
Ready to Be A Billiken?
college advice
- Quiz: College Majors
- College Tech FAQ
- College FAQ
- A Day in the Life
- College Tips
- What's a College Fair?
- Campus Tour Questions
- College Sports Prep
- Video: Learning Communities
- College Costs Explained
- Pick an Undergraduate Major
- Plan Your College Search
- College Choice Tips
- College Prep Activities
- Dorm Room FAQ
- Scholarships for Service
- SLU Scholarships for Freshmen
- Work Study Basics
- Transfer Students


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Singkil (or Sayao sa Kasingkil) is a famous Philippine dance of the Maguindanao people, but was popularized by the nearby Maranao peoples of Lake Lanao and later the Bayanihan Philippine National Folk Dance Company.
Also known as the Princess Dance or the Royal Maranao Fan Dance, the dance is based on the Maguindanao and Maranao interpretation of the ancient Indian epic, the Ramayana: the Darangen. The Singkil narrates a scene in which Sita (Putri Gandingan) escapes her abductor, the demon king Ravana and is lost in the forests of Alangka, thereupon being found by her husband, Prince Rama. Interesting to note is that in the original Ramayana epic, Rama selects Hanuman, the Hindu monkey-god, to find Sita on his behalf; the fact that in the Singkil it is Rama (Rajah Bantugan) who finds her suggests a modification of the original Hindu narration in order to agree with monotheistic Islamic ideology.Kasingkil refers to the art of moving one's feet in and out of two clicking bamboo poles in imitation of Putri Gandingan who gracefully avoided the falling trees brought about by an earthquake.<ref name=Philip>Mercurio, Philip Dominguez (2007). Traditional Music of the Southern Philippines (html). PnoyAndTheCity: A center for Kulintang - A home for Pasikings. Retrieved on 15 February, 2007.</ref>
The epic "Darangan" which was written in the 14th century is about Princess Gandingan, who was trapped in the middle of a forest when the diwatas of the forest caused an earthquake. The lead dancer steps between cris-crossed bamboo poles, which represents the Princess's avoidance of falling trees. Throughout the dance she is followed by a loyal umbrella-bearing slave. Finally a prince comes to rescue her. Fans called apir are waved by dancers to represent auspicious winds.
Other versions of the singkil portray different stories. In one, the "Garden Singkil," the princess is simply out in the garden playing with butterflies, which are represented by the fan dancers.<ref name=Hiyas>Southern Island Suite (html). Hiyas Philippine Folk Dance Company (2007). Retrieved on 15 February, 2007.</ref>
Played at celebrations and festivals, traditionally the dance was performed by a girl of royal blood intent on advertising herself to would-be-suitors for her future marriage.
The dance is said to have been named after either the leg bracelets or anklets of silver, nickel or brass with chiming bells of the same name<ref name=Philip/> or the act of voluntarily or accidentally entangling on one's feet in either vines or tall grass.<ref name=Hiyas>Pilipino Folk Dance Glossary (html) (2008). Retrieved on 5 February, 2008.</ref> This dance is one that all royal princesses in the Sulu archipelago are expected to learn to this day.
- ^ a b Mercurio, Philip Dominguez (2007). Traditional Music of the Southern Philippines (html). PnoyAndTheCity: A center for Kulintang - A home for Pasikings. Retrieved on 15 February 2007.
- ^ a b [1] Pilipino Folkdance Glossary
- ^ a b Southern Island Suite. Hiyas Philippine Folk Dance Company Official Website. Retrieved on 15 February 2007.
External links
- Traditional Music of the Southern Philippines - An online textbook about Southern Pilipino Kulintang Music with a chapter devoted to traditional Philippine dances such as singkil, pangalay and sagayan.
Original Source
This page was adapted from Wikipedia under GNU Free Documentation License. See full disclaimer.

subset: commoncrawl


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Electrical Questions? Ask an Electrician Online.
not spliced. but the only white wire goes to the box on right and then goes to the box on the left.
pardon me for being confusing. the one white wire in the box connects to the switch on the right. then a white wire connects between the 2 switches.


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This weekend's NASCAR race at Watkins Glen is shaping up as the most important of Marcos Ambrose's career.
The 37-year-old Tasmanian has earned a reputation as NASCAR's best road racer, mastering the challenge of taming the powerful NASCAR beasts to turn left and right.
And if there is one track he truly excels at it is Watkins Glen International, home of this weekend's race.
In six starts at the track, Ambrose has finished in the top three five times – including two wins.
Despite making steady progress in the oval races that dominate the NASCAR schedule, Ambrose knows this is his best chance to win a race this year.
But there is added incentive – and pressure – to win this weekend.
That's because NASCAR introduced a new play-offs format, which will include any driver to win a race – regardless of how many points they have – taking part in the 10 race 'Chase for the Sprint Cup'.
So, if Ambrose can add a third Watkins Glen win this weekend he will be in the running to win the NASCAR Sprint Cup title. He would be an underdog, but at least he'd be in with a chance.
While almost everyone else is painting him as the red-hot favorite to win this weekend, Ambrose isn't expecting an easy ride.
"This race is still a lot of pit strategy, and a lot of things can happen on the track, too," he said.
"You are never guaranteed a win at this level. Even if you have the best car, which does help, nothing is handed to you. You need the best strategy, good pit stops and have everything fall in place. It takes a whole team, more than just the driver, to win. We just always feel like we're capable or being up front and competing for the win."
If he does win this might be Ambrose's last chance to contend for the NASCAR championship.
As this column stated last week he has reportedly been in negotiations with American racing giant Roger Penske about a partnership in V8 Supercars next year. Ambrose has never hidden his desire to raise his family in Australia and has yet to commit to a new NASCAR deal for next year.
Brabham tries new formula
The late Sir Jack Brabham's legacy is living on with his grandson. Matthew, son of Geoff, is racing in the Indy Lights championship in the US.
But he has taken his first steps into the European racing world, testing a Formula E electric race car for his Indy Lights team, Andretti Autosport. Brabham had his first test of the experimental electric racer in late July but tested for the team again this week in England.
The Andretti team has only confirmed one driver for its two-car team so far, Frenchman Frank Montagny, so it appears Brabham is in the running.
"It's an amazing opportunity for me, and I'm very grateful to Andretti Autosport; they have a fantastic operation going here in the UK," Brabham said after the test. "The Formula E car is very interesting and complex and I think it has a great future ahead."
Mazda ditch celebrity race
Mazda Australia has pulled its support from one of motorsport's most prominent crash-and-bash events, the Celebrity Challenge at the Australian Formula One Grand Prix.
The car maker this week confirmed it would not sponsor the event next year, after reportedly sinking upwards of $1 million annually in the carnage-ridden exercise for the past two years.
Mazda famously had to write off more than 20 cars when it participated in the race in 2013.
Mazda joins Holden, BMW, Mini, Fiat and Lexus as car makers to part with the event after a relatively short association.
A spokesman said Mazda was happy with the exposure it had generated by sponsoring the Grand Prix but decided to "look for other opportunities".
Make of that what you will.


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Page 1111
Oklahoma Place Names, by Charles N. Gould. 146 pp., ill. University of Oklahoma Press, Norman.
A unique little volume by Oklahoma's pioneer geologist, Charles N. Gould, has just been added to the growing list of artistic
productions off the University Press at Norman. The title "Oklahoma Place Names" suggests at once interest and entertainment.
Furthermore, the book is of inestimable value to the student in search for traditions, folk lore, and historical facts in
the development of the State.
Doctor Gould has not chosen to present his subject as a science but has made a general survey of his theme to awaken interest.
His work as a geologist is well known. In the long journeys necessary across the country in his geological surveys, beginning
thirty-three years ago, he not only studied the topography of the country and absorbed the beauties of the landscape, but
also became acquainted with the people lie chanced to meet. It was in this way that he grew interested in the origin of names
of creeks, of towns and other places, an interest that finally became a hobby.
One should by all means read the introduction to Doctor Gould's book to appreciate fully the personal interest he had in his
subject. It is learned here that he saw the annual income from mineral products of the Twin Territories grow from $4,000,000
in 1900, until it has "reached the stupendous sum of over $500,000,000 per annum," a development which in no small part was
due to his own efforts through his profession.
A note of quaint humor carried throughout the text is struck in the introduction where Doctor Gould wrote, "The week I arrived
in Norman, there was great rejoicing throughout Oklahoma; not because of my arrival, but because Dennis Flynn's free homes
bill had finally passed Congress."
Then there was the postoffice clerk at Washington who in racking his brain for names of new postoffices in the youngest and
booming commonwealth, hit upon the novel idea of naming
Page 1112
them for "all the kids and babies" in his neighborhood. This seems to be "the best explanation * * * for the rather unusual
abundance of feminine names of postoffices in Oklahoma." Doctor Gould gives one hundred of these names in alphabetical order,
a lilting list all the way from Abbie and Addielle past Iris and Irene, Ora and Prudence, Valeria and Velma, to Violet, Zenobia,
and Zula!
Such names of creeks as Two Beef, Bell Cow, and Crutcho recall the days of the cattlemen. Other names of creeks—Redoubt, Sergeant-Major,
Quartermaster, Sutlers, and Target—arouse many thoughts of that colorful period of history when the U. S. soldiers were taming
the wilderness in the Indian Territory.
There are Indian names, nearly all beautiful in sound and meaning, among these Alluwe, Wakita, Kullinla, Wynona, Tamaha, Taloah,
Wapanucka, Neosho.
Since tradition and conjecture enter largely into the subject of place names in Oklahoma, the origin of many will probably
never be settled as historical facts. In this class are found Rock Mary, Enid, Waukomis, and perhaps Cairo, Wouldbe, and Nabisco.
On the whole however, the origin of seventy-five per cent of place names in Oklahoma can be traced to records that will satisfy
the historian beyond reasonable doubt. Take for example the origin of the names of the four main branches of Red River in
Southeastern and Southern Oklahoma. The names of these streams are holdovers from the time of French occupation and settlement
during the latter half of the 18th Century, it appears.
Farthest west of these large branches of Red River is the Washita, called "Faux Ouachita" by the French. This is a combination
of the adjective faux (fau-x,sse) meaning "false," and the name Ouachita from the Choctaw words owa chito, meaning "big hunt." Even as late as the decade following the Civil War, this stream was sometimes called the False Washita.
The next branch of Red River toward the east is Blue River. The French called this L'Eau Bleue, meaning "the blue water," named from the appearance of the stream. A number of rec-
Page 1113
ords may be cited where it was called "Low Blue," the simple spelling—according to its sound in French—set down by some of
the English speaking explorers and settlers of later days.
Even the name of the Kiamichi River is probably French, from kamichi, the name in French of a water bird (horned screamer), belonging to the order Alectorides, in which cranes, rails, etc.,
are classed. In connection with this line of thought, it is interesting to note that a lake on the south side of Red River,
not far from the mouth of the Kiamichi, was called "Swan Lake" in very early days, from the great number of swans that frequented
that place.
The name of Boggy River (i. e., Clear Boggy) is French in its origin. The late Doctor Emmet Starr, the well known Cherokee
historian, was the first to suggest that this stream might have been named after Joseph Bougie (or Bogy), an early French
trader on the Arkansas. Doctor Starr was keenly interested in place names and it is his "Encyclopaedia of Oklahoma," a very
rare little book, which Doctor Gould cites as one of the sources used in his own volume "Oklahoma Place Names." However, "Encyclopaedia
of Oklahoma" does not list the origin of the name of Boggy River.
During the course of a number of conversations with Doctor Starr in 1920-1, I first became interested in place names, especially
those in the Choctaw and the Chickasaw nations. One day Doctor Starr particularly mentioned the name of Boggy River, saying
that he had never been satisfied as to the origin of the name. He added, "That point is going to be left to you to prove."
So, this became one of my first problems in historical research.
In a report to General Henry Dearborn, Secretary of War, Doctor John Sibley, Indian agent, gave a detailed description of
the country along Red River as far west as the Great Plains. This report was dated from Natchitoches, Louisiana, April 10,
1805. The source of Doctor Sibley's information was principally from two reliable French traders of Louisiana, Messrs. Grappe
and Brevel, who had been familiar with the Red River country for more than a quarter of a century. Describing the streams
above the mouth of the Kiamichi, Doctor Sibley made the following statement in his report: "The great prairies approach
Page 1114
pretty near the low grounds on each side of the creek; leaving which is cane on both sides for about eight miles, when we
arrive at the Vazzures or Boggy River, which is about two hundred yards wide, soft miry bottom, the water whitish and well tasted."
In French, the adjective vasseux (vaseu-x,se) means "miry or boggy." From this fact, it appears that "Vazzures" was a corruption or misspelling from the French name "Vaseuse
Riviere, " which translated is simply Boggy River.
Personally, I have not found nor heard of a record stating that the stream in question was named for Joseph Bougie; or that
he ever engaged in trade in its vicinity or anywhere south of the Arkansas. He was a French trader from the Illinois country,
who first came to Arkansas Post in 1804. From that time, he centered his trading operations along the Arkansas River. In 1806,
during one of his first ventures up the river to the region of the Grand and Verdigris with a load of goods for trade with
the Osages, he was attacked and his goods seized by a hunting party of Choctaws under the leadership of the famous Choctaw
warrior and chief, Pushmataha. Twenty-four years afterward, Bougie's claim before the United States Government for the losses
sustained at the hands of Pushmataha's party was still unsettled. The Choctaws maintained that Bougie's goods were subject
to attack and reprisal since he was trading with the Osages with whom they were at war in 1806.
In 1819, Thomas Nuttall on his journey up the Arkansas River, mentioned having met Monsieur Bougie, then hale and hearty at
the age of seventy years. In 1820, by the terms of the Treaty of Doaks Stand, in Mississippi, all the country now included
in Oklahoma, south of the Arkansas and the Canadian rivers became Choctaw country. Ten years. later, the Treaty of Dancing
Rabbit Creek, in Mississippi, was signed, followed by the immigration of the Choctaws as a nation to this western land. From
that time until statehood in 1907, this country (more specifically the region east of the Island Bayou which lies a short
distance east of the Washita River) was known as the Choctaw Nation.
In passing, it is interesting to note that about the time of the attack made against Joseph Bougie near the mouth of the
Page 1115
Verdigris, or possibly a few years earlier, another party of Choctaws fought and defeated the Caddo Indians on the Caddo Hills,
near the present town of Caddo, in Bryan County. Many oldtimers have told about visits to this battleground which for years
was strewn with the bleached bones of the victims who fell in the conflict between the Caddos and the Choctaws. While the
history of this fight is now but a tradition, yet the story together with that of the recorded facts concerning the attack
on Monsieur Bougie at the mouth of the Verdigris shows that the Choctaws, at the beginning of the 18th Century, were successfully
holding their own in the great hunting grounds lying between the Arkansas and Canadian rivers and the Red River in Oklahoma.
This region did not become commercially important until the U. S. Government furthered the clearance of the Great Raft that
obstructed the channel of Red River for a distance of 165 miles in Northern Louisiana. This project was completed about 1838.
Even the early French settlers had returned to Louisiana from the Red River region twenty-five years before Doctor Sibley
made his report to the Secretary of War. On the other hand since the Arkansas River was navigable above the mouths of the
Grand and the Verdigris, "The Three Forks" (i.e., the region about the lower courses of the last mentioned streams) was the
center of all the commercial activity connected with the trade of the Southwest in Oklahoma. And Monsieur Joseph Bougie had
a real part in these activities along the Arkansas.
Thus, in the light of the foregoing and particularly from Doctor Sibley's note on the "Vazzures or Boggy River," it is more reasonable to accept the idea that the French named Boggy River from the very nature of the stream itself.
These remarks concerning my personal study of the origin of place names in Southern and Southeastern Oklahoma are but an example
of the great field of absorbing interest that lies before those who will delve into the subject suggested by Doctor Gould's
"Oklahoma Place Names." His volume will remain a source book, inviting its readers to return to it again and again. Each page
will awaken interest in the stories of the past that form the mosaic of Oklahoma's history.—Muriel H. Wright.
Page 1116
How El Reno Acquired Its Name
Claude Hensley
While the subject of Place Names is open for discussion the following article written by an El Reno man, who prides himself upon his knowledge of western
Oklahoma, will be of interest to the student of Oklahoma history.
This story by Claude Hensley, will come as a supplement to Dr. Gould's book, or to Miss Muriel Wright's review of this book,
Place Names, in this issue of the Chronicles.—Ed.
In June, 1889 a townsite was platted on the 160 acre claim filed on by Major John A. Foreman. This site was situated about
five miles east of Port Rona and three miles south of the then flourishing town of Reno City, with a population of some 2600
and 700 or 800 buildings, mostly of the shack variety. When it came to naming this new town, the promoters, which included
a number of army officers stationed at Fort Reno, decided on the name Reno. However, when it became necessary for the establishment
of a postoffice for the new town of Reno the postoffice department balked and refused to establish an office under that name,
claiming there would be too much confusion with postoffices at Fort Reno, Reno City and Reno all being situated within a radius
of a few miles.
This refusal on the part of the postoffice department to recognize the new town by the name of Reno was a severe blow to the
promoters as this name was well known throughout the United States and they claimed the name Reno was one of the best assets
the new town could have.
The late Dr. A. H. Jackson is authority for the statement that the Reno promoters and the army officers at Fort Reno had several
meetings in an effort to select a new name for their town.
The following is Dr. Jackson's story of how the new town of Reno became known as El Reno:
"Some time in July, 1889, Wm. C. McDonald, R. R. (Rube) Hickox and myself were driving from the new town of Reno to Fort Reno
to meet army officers interested in the new town and to discuss with them another name. When we reached Target Creek, McDonald
who was driving suddenly stopped the team and exclaimed, 'Boys! I've got a name for our town! One the postoffice department
will have to recognize!'
"Rube and I in the same breath asked him what it was, and he replied in an excited tone: "El Reno". Explaining that El in
Spanish meant THE and that the postoffice department could not help but grant a postoffice to a town by the name of El Reno."
The name El Reno stuck and for a good many years outside of Oklahoma Territory one would nearly always see the name El Reno
spelled as one word: viz. Elreno.
It appeared on maps as Elreno, it was printed in the postoffice directory, blanks, money orders, etc. as one word. However,
with the
Page 1117
fading of Reno City from the picture the name became universally used as two words as we know it today.
Wm. C. McDonald left El Reno in the early mineties going to New Mexico.
After that state was admitted to statehood he was elected its first governor and served from January 15, 1912 to January 1,
R. R. Hickox was El Reno's first postmaster. He came to Darlington in 1886, from Pa., and entered the Indian service. He made
the run in 1889 and settled on claim that is now Hickox's addition at El Reno. He met death in an automobile accident in Oklahoma
City, May 27, 1923.
The Organic Act provided that there should be seven counties organized in the new territory; the same to be designated by
number until names should be adopted by the people. What is now Canadian County was number Four.
Under the provisions of this Act the people of this county called one of the first if not the first conventions to nominate
county officers and name the county.
Dr. Jackson, in telling of the naming of county number Four, said, "Oklahoma" was all but adopted for the name of this county
when Rube Hickox got the floor and addressed the convention as follows:
"Gentlemen:—This county we are trying to select a name for, is traversed from west to east by the North Fork of the Canadian.
Its southern boundary is the South Canadian, therefore, a proper and fitting name for county Number Four would be Canadian."
This name Dr. Jackson said, was unanimously adopted.
County No. 1 was named Logan; No. 2, Oklahoma; No. 3, Cleveland; No. 4 Canadian; No. 5, Kingfisher; No. 6, and No. 7, included
all of that which had been known as "No-Man's Land" was afterwards named Beaver.
The western boundary of Canadian County at the time it was named was the 98th Meridian a very short distance west of the main
line of the Rock Island railroad.
The first newspaper published in what is now El Reno, was Volume I, Number 1, of the Reno Herald, issued Thursday, June 20,
1889, at Reno, I. T. by H. W. Conway and E. E. Eldridge.
The following is taken from the Herald of the above date:
The mayor was Dr. C. S. Rogers, and city marshal was C. W. Beers.
The members of the city council were W. B. Barker, A. C. Macomb, J. A. Hooe, Neil W. Evans, W. L. Williford, H. Houser and
J. P. Scales.
The Herald also stated the Reno Stage Company would commence Monday to run a daily stage from Oklahoma to Reno, Darlington
and Kingfisher. This line was to be equipped with concord coaches and good stock with first class drivers to handle the reins.
C. W. Beers was manager.
Page 1118
The Cherokee Strip, by George Rainey, Enid, Oklahoma, 504 pp., with many illustrations—Cooperative Publishing Company, Guthrie, Oklahoma, $3.00.
George Rainey, Enid, Oklahoma, added another interesting chapter to Oklahoma history when he wrote, "The Cherokee Strip."
We have had stories written of the Cherokee Live Stock Association, stories about old trails, concerning the cattle industry
and the cow punchers and many sensational stories about bad men, who are usually called outlaws.
We have had, more recently, some interesting and authentic articles written of the opening of the Cherokee Outlet; but this
book by the historian of the Cherokee Strip, George Rainey, is the most comprehensive, all embracing history of this great
kingdom of seven million acres of land, known as the Cherokee Strip, that was opened to white settlement September 16, 1893,
ever written.
Like most historians, he takes us back to the days when the Cherokee Strip was the hunting ground of the wild Indians, and
also, tells all that is to be known about some of the earlier explorers, who crossed over this wide expanse of grass land
and salt plains in the long ago. He tells the reader of Coronado, La Salle, Capt. Boone, Sibley and other early explorers.
Of course, he has not forgotten the Louisiana Purchase, and of the treaties made with the Cherokees giving that tribe the
use of this strip as a perpetual outlet to the hunting grounds of the unexplored west, and also, providing that the salt beds
should be reserved for the use of all tribes.
While the title of the book is, "The Cherokee Strip," it explains the difference between the name, "Outlet" and the name,
While it is usually called the Cherokee Strip, however, it would have been more in accord with historical facts to refer to
this vast territory, that now comprises all of ten counties in the northern half of Oklahoma, as the "Cherokee Outlet".
Page 1119
The "Strip" proper, was only a narrow strip of land along the northern boundary of the Cherokee Nation, as well as, that of
the "Outlet". This strip was about two and a half miles wide and ran west to the 100th meridian; this being the cause of a
controversy that lasted several years. This book of Mr. Rainey's tells all about it, and settles the matter for keeps.
The author devotes a chapter or two to the subject of Indian raids and Indian wars, that has made the Strip historic ground.
He tells of the heroic deeds of the old scouts, and the soldiers, who once rode over these vast prairies with General Geo.
Custer and Phil Sheridan. He tells of the massacre of that freighter, Pat Hennessey, by the Indians when they were on the
war path.
He writes of the outlaws who once infested that part of the territory. He mentions Dick Yeager, Zip Wyatt, Ben Cravens and
the Dalton boys. Of course, he speaks of that old line of deputy United States marshals, including Luke Short and Heck Thomas,
et al. In this chapter he puts enough "blood and thunder", to satisfy most any "wild west" fan.
The author has not overlooked the era of cattle ranches and the cattle industry. This was the one big business of the Cherokee
Strip from the close of the Civil War up to the opening of the country to settlement under the homestead laws. In this book
he gives the authentic account of the opening up of the market for the cattle from Texas to the railroad station and of the
driving of many thousand head of cattle from Texas to shipping points in southern Kansas, and thousands more to graze on the
northern cattle ranges. In this he gives a vivid sketch of that picturesque character, Joseph McCoy, the first mayor of Abilene,
live stock agent of the Frisco railway, and the Joseph McCoin, in Emerson Hough's book "North of 36". He was the first nominee
for congress on the Democratic ticket in Oklahoma.
The book also gives the history of the organization of the Cherokee Live Stock association that leased the whole of the Cherokee
Strip, to make cattle pastures. This lease was made with the Cherokee Nation—many pages are devoted to the story of the range
cattle industry and description of ranches and noted cattle men.
Page 1120
The story of the Boomers headed by Capt. Payne, is told in some detail as it related to the opening of the Strip. It gives
an account of the newspapers published at Rock Falls by the Payne boomers, and edited by Col. Sam Crocker. I will state here
parenthetically, that the Oklahoma Historical Society has copies of those old War Chief papers, printed in six or seven different places, but Rock Falls, in the Strip, was usually the place of publication.
Much of this is but preliminary, or an introduction to the real story, which is the opening of the Cherokee Strip to settlement
and its history and development. It gives chapters to its public institutions, as well as, to its private business enterprises.
It tells of the prosperous cities and towns; of its several state schools, orphans home and the large federal Indian school
at Chilocco. It speaks of oil and gas, which is now one of the big industries in the Strip counties. The author is proud to
tell of the wonderful agricultural development. It is doubtful if any like area in the United States produces as much wheat
as these ten counties, which were once the Cherokee Strip. The author places the splendid citizenship of this favored land,
above all other things. He writes interestingly of the many prominent men and women, who now, or have at one time, made their
homes in the Cherokee Strip country.
The last chapter contains the classic plea of Temple Houston, in the defense of a "fallen" woman, on trial in the courts of
Woodward. Temple Houston was the youngest son of Gen. Sam Houston, and was at that time a resident and practicing attorney
at Woodward and in the Cherokee Strip. This speech was paraphrased in Edna Ferber's story, "Cimarron."
This book contains that zest and spice that make it interesting reading; it is enlivened with personal incidents and humorous
stories, yet it is as nearly correct historically, as some books that are filled with dry statistics, making the reading a
task and not a pleasure.
There is no man better qualified to write the annals of the Cherokee Strip, than George Rainey. He has lived in the Strip
since the opening in September 16, 1893. He is not only a graphic writer, but has made a study of the history of the Cherokee
Strip for years, and is full of his subject. D.W.P.
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Our tuition is over 30% lower than the national average for state universities, making CSUDH one of the best values in higher education. Anywhere.
For the latest cost information, click here.
Yes! Your CSUDH education is a smart investment in your future. And we're making sure it is also affordable. In fact, CSU Dominguez Hills will award more than $65 million in grants and scholarships to students in the coming year.
We encourage you to explore our many flexible financial aid and scholarship options designed to make your CSU Dominguez Hills education even more affordable. For fall, you can apply for financial aid beginning on January 1, by filing a Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA). File your FAFSA before March 2, for priority processing.
To reduce possible mistakes and streamline the financial aid application process, students and parents may be eligible to use the IRS Data Retrieval process. This means when you fill out your FAFSA you may be eligible to automatically transfer your federal tax information directly from the IRS into your FAFSA! To use this feature, we strongly encourage you and your parents to file your federal tax returns as early as possible before completing the FAFSA.
Please visit CSUMentor for the most up-to-date information regarding the application submission period.
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Once you've been admitted, you will receive your account activation information in the mail with your admissions notice. Be sure to set up your MyCSUDH.EDU online account where you can register for classes, pay tuition, check email, schedule academic advising and much more. It's fast, easy and convenient. Here's how you do it:
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Indicating your intent to enroll is required to attend New Student Orientation, apply for Housing, receive mandatory academic advisement, and register for classes. Although the deadline for your intent to enroll is May 1, you may submit it sooner in order to take advantage of course availability and university resources. To confirm your intent to enroll at CSUDH, log in to My.CSUDH.EDU and go to the Application Status link, click on Accept/Decline, then select I Accept Admission or I Decline Admission.
Indicating your intent to enroll is not required for spring.
Yes. CSU Dominguez Hills assigns extra points for up to eight semesters of approved honors level and advanced placement courses taken in the last three years of high school:
A=5 points, B=4 points, C=3 points.
No more than two approved honors-level courses taken in the 10th grade may be given extra points. A grade of D in an honors or advanced placement course does not earn extra points.
Courses must be identified as honors level on your official high school a-g course lists in order to be approved. You can find your school's course lists at https://doorways.ucop.edu/list/.
You have several options to make up missing high school courses and qualify for CSU Dominguez Hills admission:
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Neel JANI secured the « pole position » of the FIA WEC LMP1 Team Trophy for tomorrow's 6 hours of Sao Paulo, placing the #12 Lola-Toyota on the second row (4th position) of the grid with a laptime of 1'23''962.
Andrea BELICCHI in the Lola-Toyota #13 secured 6th position on the grid with 1'24''179 as his best laptime.
The two Lola-Toyotas and the two HPDs were covered by less than four tenths, which promises a fantastic battle in tomorrow's race.
The start of the race will be at 12h00, Saturday 15th September.
Neel Jani – Lola-Toyota #12 :
« My first lap was my best. That reminded me of my good old days in single seaters ! Yesterday, we did not think that we could secure this result. As the track is narrow, it's important to be ahead. So, to be in front of our competitors is a very good thing for the race ! I think I lost two tenths because my brakes were cold. It was difficult to find a clear window free of traffic. We are happy to take the « privateer » pole this time after being twice behind the HPDs. Perhaps the warmer condition has helped us. But it is certainly the work of all the team that has made it !»
Nicolas Prost – Lola-Toyota #12 :
« Once again, it has been a fantastic job by all the team. To be honest, yesterday I didn't see how we could beat the HPDs today. Only strong teams are able to understand and improve the car like we did. Neel did a fantastic quali. We are in a good position for the race. Now we know what we have to do !»
Andrea Belicchi – Lola-Toyota #13 :
« The performance of the four privateer team cars here are very close. That means that the battle will be hard in the race ! We'll not be allowed to make any mistake. But I'm confident with my car. I have a good feeling with it. After good work, we have now the car to race here !»
Harold Primat – Lola-Toyota # 13 :
« We have rediscovered our car ! Yesterday, during the first session, the car was really not like we expected it. We had a good second session of free practice, Andrea secured a good step of improvements on the car and I did good laptimes that confimed to us that we were aiming the right way. The free session this morning wasn't quite as good, so we have worked on two or three things on the car just before the qualification session without any guaranty of their effectiveness. The laptime that Andrea did in quali confirmed that the changes were good ! »
Bart Hayden REBELLION Racing Team manager :
«It's very close between our cars and the HPDs and I think we are all a little bit surprised to secure the Privateers pole today. It'll be a close race tomorrow, but we're ready and very much looking forward to it. Congratulations to Neel for landing the pole and a pat on the back to the Team for working together to get our cars up into that position.»
Source: REBELLION Racing


text:
In addition, critical thinking and information management competencies are infused throughout the General Education curriculum.
An up-to-date listing of all approved General Education Courses can be found on the Current Students webpage.
In some cases, students can satisfy part of the General Education requirement based on performance on certain standardized tests. Also, courses listed in more than one General Education subject area may be used to meet the requirement for both areas--with the exception that no course used to satisfy the Humanities category may be used to satisfy any other category. Students who fulfill two requirements with one course must still take the required minimum number of General Education credits for their program: 21 credit hours for associate's degree students, and 30 credit hours for bachelor's degree students (unless a specific program waiver has been granted).
Students in Liberal Arts programs who plan to transfer to a SUNY four-year institution should complete coursework in all 10 General Education subject areas before transferring. (Students in A.A.S. programs also need to be aware of the General Education requirement if they plan to transfer to a SUNY four-year school, since students at all units of the State University are subject to the same requirement.)
Consult your academic advisor for specific details of how your program meets the SUNY General Education requirement.
Liberal Arts & Sciences
(607) 746-4452
fax: (607) 746-4455


text:
Hey gang! Welcome to my first ever attempt at blogging. Please let me know early and often if I just "don't get it". I'll keep posts after this more brief. Thanks for stopping by, will try to avoid making this a complete yawn-fest….
I currently work in Fixed Income Sales at Citi; specializing in Interest Rates. This falls under the Sales & Trading umbrella in Citi Market's Institutional Client Group. Essentially, working in a regional office (the home office, like most Wall Street banks, is in New York, where the trading desks reside) the entire staff here is in sales. The thought is that in having a regional office, we are able to have better client 'touch' and make more of an impact with the institutional clients in the region.
A typical day for me starts EARLY. I try to be on the desk by 6:00am. This is been part of my routine since college. The reason I get in so early is because this is truly one of the only 'quiet' parts of the day. It's when I get my best reading done in terms of market-moving news that occurred overnight while US markets were sleeping. I leaf through a few newspapers (NYT, WSJ, FT) and prepare a note for clients, which outlines the trading day, including significant events, trading catalysts, and a "feel" for what Citi/our trading desks/our economists/strategists think is going to occur.
A friend of mine once made a fantastic analogy for the role of sales in the Sales & Trading industry. She compared a salesperson to a waiter/waitress. It's the role of the salesperson to know the menu inside-and-out, provide recommendations, be engaging, and offer advice. The client is of course, the diner. There is more behind the scenes, however. The traders are of course, the (well-paid) chefs. They are the ones that are going to provide the 'execution' and leave the lasting impact on the client in terms of the overall impression of the experience. It's simply up to sales to augment this experience. Yet, in the chef's "positioning" it's important for the chef/server to work as a team. What if the chef went a little overboard on the steak tartare? It would be in the best interest of the salesperson to really play it up to try to 'move the position' right? Does the restaurant want to lose money by having it end up in the trash? Not so much. On the flip-side, what if a testy client (think hedge fund) strolls in 15 mins before close and asks for Crab Rangoon? Not exactly what a weary chef wants to hear. If a server could politely steer to, well, the four-star chicken fingers, this might leave the chef in a MUCH better mood. Bottom-line, a salesperson does his job if both customer and chef leave happy……and the good guys are able to take that 20%+ !
A little background about myself, I was a finance/marketing major at BC, which means I'm both an avid Mike Barry and Maria Sannella fan. I've had a decently volatile career so far in terms of moving, which is symbolic of working for a decently volatile firm (yet which survived the financial crisis and likely has a stock that is a screaming buy here). In four years at the firm, I've traded in New York, sold interest rate derivatives in Chicago, and now sit on the Rates Sales desk in Boston. I couldn't be happier to be closer to Chestnut Hill and again be an Eagles season-ticket holder.
My initial advice in starting out what will be a fun week of blogging is…..that if you're reading this….you're likely doing a good job. Read everything you can, seek out alumni, and most importantly, TALK. The more professionals you speak with, the more you will begin to understand what people do on a day to day basis, and the more impressive you will sound in an interview. More importantly, you won't take a job just to have a job, and you won't be looking to change careers 1-2 years into work. The economy is getting better and you're soon going to have the luxury of being selective. Take a lot of time deciding where you think you would thrive. At the end of the day, you're going to be happiest in the role that you excel at (no one frowns at promotions)…..so utilize the career center to hone down your best skill sets and what type of jobs those skill sets should point you towards. Every time I go to BC, I ask students, "What class did you do best at?" Are you A.D.D. like myself, yet are quick on your feet and can pull everything together quickly? If you like rolling the dice; Sales & Trading might be for you. If you prefer the semester-long "European" school of teaching in which you're constantly working on a project that you can completely delve into, then perhaps more of a research/Investment Banking/Consulting role is preferred. Last, if a blog that YOU would make would be 10x more creative and awesome than my lame Server/Chef analogy above, then marketing/advertising might be your gig. Just don't expect it to be like Don Draper in year one on the job….
Thanks for reading, I'll try to highlight the ups and downs of the week and give an accurate description of what life on the 'ole trading floor is like.


text:
Hoodoo Medicine is African American natural healing. Its roots go back centuries to the first enslaved Africans who brought knowledge of healing plants with them and learned more from the American Indians and European settlers they lived among.
The book Hoodoo Medicine describes in rare detail the plants and herbs historically used by the Gullah (also called the Gullah Geechee) of the South Carolina and Georgia Sea Islands, or Low Country.


text:
Making the Auto Repair Experience Simple and Painless
Here at First Choice Body Shop, we are committed to making your auto repair experience as smooth and painless as possible. We offer free estimating and guarantees on paint and body repairs.
Make us your one-stop repair shop for all your automotive and truck repair needs. Our technicians are ASE certified in mechanical repairs and ICAR in body and paint repairs. Its just another way we are doing more for you.
At Your Service
First Choice Body Shop is available to meet your needs 8:00am - 6:00pm Monday-Friday
525 South 31st street
Arlington VA 22202


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Matt Maiocco is reporting that GM Scot McCloughan may be resigning his position just a mere 5 weeks before the draft. I'll post a snippet of what Maiocco said than a link to the full article…this will be interesting.
McCloughan met Wednesday behind closed doors with the 49ers' upper management at the 49ers' team offices in Santa Clara, sources said. The group included Jed York, executive vice president of football and business operations Paraag Marathe, vice president of football affairs Keena Turner and Michael Rossi, a retired vice chair of BankAmerica Corp., who works as a senior advisor to the 49ers.
McCloughan left the 49ers' team offices after the meeting and files were relocated from his office this afternoon.


text:
National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Project
More Information about Modeling
Modeling and Software
Sorted by: | Publication Date (newest first) | Publication Date (oldest first) | Author (A-Z) | Author (Z-A) | Title (A-Z) | Title (Z-A) |
Showing results 126 to 151 of 297.
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Nolan, B.T., Malone, R.W., Doherty, J.E., Barbash, J.E., Ma, L., and Shaner, D.L., 2014, Data worth and prediction uncertainty for pesticide transport and fate models in Nebraska and Maryland, United States: Pesticide Management Science, DOI 10.1002/ps.3875 Available Online
Nolan, B.T., Malone, RW., Gronberg, J.A., Thorp, K.R., and Ma, L., 2011, Verifiable metamodels for nitrate losses to drains and groundwater in the Corn Belt, USA: Environmental Science and Technology, online in advance of print, 8 p. doi: 10.1021/es202875e Available Online
Nolan, B.T., Gronberg, J.M., Faunt, C.C., Eberts, S.M., Belitz, K., 2014, Modeling Nitrate at Domestic and Public-Supply Well Depths in the Central Valley, California: Environmental Science & Technology, vol. 48 (10), p. 5643-5651. DOI: 10.1021/es405452q Available Online
Nolan, B.T., Bayless, E.R., Green, C.T., Garg, S., Voss, F.D., Lampe, D.C., Barbash, J.E., Capel, P.D. and Bekins, B.A., 2005, Evaluation of unsaturated-zone solute-transport models for studies of agricultural chemicals: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1196, 16 p. Available Online
Nolan, B.T., and Ruddy, B.C., 1996, Nitrate in ground waters of the United States--Assessing the risk: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 092-96, 4 p. Available Online
New England Interstate Water Pollution Control Commission (NEIWPCC), 2004, New England SPARROW water quality model: IWR (Interstate Water Report newsletter), vol. 1, no. 3, Summer 2004, p. 6-7.
Musgrove, MaryLynn, Katz, B.G., Fahlquist, L.S., Crandall, C.A., Lindgren, R.J., 2014, Factors affecting public-supply well vulnerability in two karst aquifers: Groundwater, vol. 52, p. 63-75. doi: 10.1111/gwat.12201 Available Online
Mullaney, John R., Schwarz, Gregory E., and Trench, Elaine C. Todd, 2002, Estimation of nitrogen yields and loads from basins draining to Long Island Sound, 1988-98: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 02-4044, 84 p. Available Online
Mullaney, John R., and Grady, Stephen J., 1997, Hydrogeology and water quality of a surficial aquifer underlying an urban area, Manchester, Connecticut: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 97-4195, 40 p. Available Online
Mueller, David K., Ruddy, Barbara C., and Battaglin, William A., 1997, Logistic model of nitrate in streams of the upper-midwestern United States: Journal of Environmental Quality, vol. 26, no.5, p. 1223-1230. Available Online
Moore, R.B., Johnston, C.M., Smith, R.A., and Milstead, B., 2011, Source and delivery of nutrients to receiving waters in the Northeastern and Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States: Journal of the American Water Resources Association, online 22Aug2011 in advance of print, 26 p. doi: 10.1111/j.1752-1688.2011.00582.x Available Online
Miller, M.P., Susong, D.D., Shope, C.L., Heilweil, V.M., and Stolp, B.J., 2014, Continuous estimation of baseflow in snowmelt-dominated steams and rivers in the Upper Colorado River Basin: A chemical hydrograph separation approach: Water Resour. Res, 50 p. doi:10.1002/2013WR014939 Available Online
Miller, M.P., Buto, S.G., Susong, D.D., and Rumsey, C.A., 2016, The importance of base flow in sustaining surface water flow in the Upper Colorado River Basin: Water Resources Research, 52, doi:10.1002/2015WR017963 Available Online
Meador, Michael R., and Carlisle, Daren M., 2009, Predictive models for fish assemblages in eastern U.S. streams: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 138:725-740, 2009, 16 p. doi: 10.1577/T08-132.1 Available Online
Meador, M.R., Coles, J.F., and Zappia, Humbert, 2005, Fish assemblage responses to urban intensity gradients in contrasting metropolitan areas: Birmingham, Alabama and Boston, Massachusetts: in Brown, L.R., Gray, R.H., Hughes, R.M., and Meador, M.R., eds., Effects of Urbanization on Stream Ecosystems: AFS Symposium 47, American Fisheries Society, p. 409-423. Available Online
Meador, M.R., and Carlisle, D.M., 2011, Relations between altered streamflow variability and fish assemblages in Eastern USA streams: River Research and Applications , 10 p., online in advance of print. doi: 10.1002/rra.1534 Available Online
Meador, M.R., and Brown, L.R., 2014, Life history strategies of fish species and biodiversity in eastern USA streams: Environmental Biology of Fishes, 10.1007/s10641-014-0304-1 Available Online
McMahon, P.B., Dennehy, K.F., Bruce, B.W., Böhlke, J.K., Michel, R.L., Gurdak, J.J., and Hurlbut, D.B., 2006, Storage and transit time of chemicals in thick unsaturated zones under rangeland and irrigated cropland, High Plains, United States: Water Resources Research, vol. 42, W03413, 18 p. doi: 10.1029/2005WR004417 Available Online
McMahon, P.B., Burow K.R., Kauffman, L.J.,Eberts, S.M., Böhlke, J.K., and Gurdak, J.J., 2008, Simulated response of water quality in public supply wells to land use change: Water Resources Research, vol. 44, W00A06, 16 p. doi: 10.1029/2007WR006731 Available Online
McMahon, P.B., Böhlke, J.K., Kauffman, L.J., Kipp, K.L., Landon, M.K., Crandall, C.A., Burow, K.R., and Brown, C.J., 2008, Source and transport controls on the movement of nitrate to public supply wells in selected principal aquifers of the United States: Water Resources Research, vol. 44, W04401, 17 p. doi: 10.1029/2007WR006252 Available Online
McMahon, P.B., Böhlke, J.K., and Lehman, T.M., 2004, Vertical gradients in water chemistry and age in the southern High Plains aquifer, Texas, 2002: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2004-5053, 53 p. Available Online
McMahon, P.B., Böhlke, J.K., and Carney, C.P., 2007, Vertical gradients in water chemistry and age in the northern High Plains aquifer, Nebraska, 2003: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5294, 58 p. Available Online
McMahon, P.B., and Böhlke, J.K., 2006, Regional patterns in the isotopic composition of natural and anthropogenic nitrate in ground water, High Plains, USA: Environmental Science & Technology, vol. 40, p. 2965-2970. doi: 10.1021/es052229q Available Online
McMahon, P.B., 2001, Vertical gradients in water chemistry in the Central High Plains Aquifer, southwestern Kansas and Oklahoma Panhandle, 1999: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 01-4028, 47 p. Available Online
McMahon, Gerald, Alexander, R.B., and Qian, S., 2003, Support of Total Maximum Daily Load programs using spatially referenced regression models: ASCE Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management, vol. 129, no. 4, p. 315-329. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9496(2003)129:4(315) Available Online
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text: As explained in the chapter on COBRA, CONSTRICTOR no longer does coherent integrations due to the complexity of the steps involved. Instead, procedure cohstrictor is used, with a single parameter telling it the file name of the CONSTRICTOR output. (Do not confuse this procedure with another COBRA procedure, constrictor, which is a general purpose procedure to replace or add certain variables in .con files.)


text: As a MedScribe medical transcriptionist, you enjoy a customized set of work types aligned with your specific experience and preferences. MedScribe provides individualized training with our CMT Corporate Trainers. And we encourage frequent communication, education and support—including the ability to contact editors and key staff to answer your transcription questions real time.


text:
Afterwards she regaled herself with the breast of a cygnet, stuffed with almonds, and stewed with violets and cream.
Except in the state of a cygnet, and that rarely, the bird now is not met with at table.
He looked towards the cygnet, still as a painted ship upon the silver sluggish flood.
In the beginning of January , the cygnet was removed to without the bar of the river.
The bowline is also shown in the drawing of the 'cygnet,' 35 tons, in a following chapter on Thames Clubs.
When the cygnet tied up at Barnegat at noon to-day I was fit as a fiddle.
The young swan is called a cygnet, from the French word for "swan."
It was four o'clock when we reached Strasburg, where we stopped at The cygnet.
The boat that carried Baldry came last, and that adventurer was the latest to set foot upon the cygnet's deck.
It was to one of this band that the Captain of the cygnet addressed his latest words.
c.1400, also signet before 17c., from Anglo-French, diminutive of Old French cigne, cisne "swan" (12c., Modern French cygne), from Latin cygnus, from Greek kyknos, perhaps from PIE *keuk- "to be white."


text:
Information Resources:
P.O. Box 1030, South Fork, CO 81154
Read South Fork: One of Colorado's Hidden Gems >>
Surrounded by nearly 2 million acres of national forest, this recreation area provides visitors with abundant all-season activities from hunting and fishing to skiing and wildlife viewing.
Lodging is available in cabins, motels, RV parks and campgrounds. The area also offers an abundant restaurant selection, unique shops and galleries. The breathtaking scenery — particularly along the Silver Thread Scenic and Historic Byway — and family-oriented adventure will captivate and draw you back year after year.
Winter brings the "Most Snow in Colorado" to nearby Wolf Creek Ski Area. Snowmobilers, cross-country skiers and snowshoers will find endless miles of trails, plus ice fishing, sledding and ice skating. Summer and spring offer a multitude of outdoor activities, events, sightseeing, history, culture and relaxation. And in fall, the area explodes with color as the dark-green forest becomes splashed with shades of yellow, red and orange.


text: Basically what im looking for is a word press theme with an e commerce store but the store would need to be able to incorporate uploads by the customer. so they can upload their music/data to be duplicated. Im not familiar with any of the widgits so if anyone could point me in the right direction that would be great. thanks.


text:
Assessing the Penguins' direction early on
Assessing the Penguins' contender status after 25 games has proven a foolish act for this beat reporter the past three seasons because their starts, even if strong, as was the case last season, haven't proven a great indicator of what looms in months ahead.
Consider their upstart 2006-07 campaign. The Penguins were 11-10-4 and hardly on anybody's Stanley Cup playoff radar. They went 14-7-4 over their next 25 contests and finished 47-24-11 overall, with 105 points that remain a high-water mark in the Sidney Crosby Era.
The next season the Penguins went 11-12-2 through 25 games, and hockey pundits had their season pegged as a so-called fallback year. However, they were 28-18-4 on Jan. 29, despite being almost two full months into a stretch without goalie Marc-Andre Fleury and at the start of several weeks missed by captain Sidney Crosby. A month later general manager Ray Shero felt so good about his club that he swung deals for defenseman Hal Gill, winger Pascal Dupuis and some guy named Marian Hossa — and the Penguins cruised to a division title and into the Final, falling only two wins short of the Cup.
This is the point when fans of the Penguins could remind this beat reporter that their favorite club opened last season at 15-6-4 through 25 games, and last season ended with the Cup being paraded around Pittsburgh. Duh!
Fair enough; but keep in mind the Penguins went 9-15-1 over their next 25 games after that sizzling start — part of a 13-20-2 stretch from Dec. 3-Feb. 14 that cost head coach Michel Therrien his job. Also, remember the Penguins needed an 18-3-4 finish to claim a playoff spot by six points. Had they gone, say, 14-6-5 over their final 25 games - still a respectable finish given a state of disarray that necessitated a coaching change and several roster moves — they would have missed the playoffs.
The point is that at no point over the last three seasons has the Penguins' standing after completing 30 percent of their schedule forecast what might need to happen for the final 40 percent to play out with them in the big tournament that really matters.
So of course, this beat reporter has a 25-game assessment of the Penguins to offer, anyway ...
Record: 17-8-0, 34 points
A fifth-best .680 point percentage rated third in East and second in division. However, the Penguins will only gain guaranteed home-ice advantage through at least two rounds by finishing either first or second in the conference; and they are 18-4 the last two postseasons at Mellon Arena. Of potential concern regarding a top seed through the conference playoffs: The Penguins were one of only two teams without an overtime point after claiming nine extra points last season. Extra points will mean the difference between owning the last change in Game 7s.
Offense: 2.92 goals; 32.1 shots
The Penguins' rank of 13th in average goals appeared puzzling given their 3.64 per-game average in 25 games under Blysma last season. Atlanta paced the league at 3.43 average goals through Wednesday, but nobody is calling for a Final that includes the Thrashers. Of the top five scoring teams, four were widely viewed as legitimate Cup contenders: Washington (3.40), Philadelphia (3.32), San Jose (3.27) and Chicago (3.26). Now, before anybody accuses the Penguins of defining ordinary on offense, pay attention to this noteworthy statistic: With center Evgeni Malkin in the lineup they had averaged 3.27 goals, compared to 1.43 in seven games he missed with a right shoulder injury. Malkin hadn't missed a game in almost three full seasons before his injury last month. The safe bet is that he continues to play, and that Malkin (1.26) and Crosby (1.36) finish with point totals that more resemble their career per-game averages entering this season, and that the Penguins pick up the scoring pace over the next few months. Malkin's value to the Penguins: Without him their shots average was 28.1, which would rate 26th.
Goaltending success: 2.76 goals against; 27.1 shots against
Judging the Penguins' goaltending and defense may serve no purpose given they played 12 of 25 games without their best defenseman, Sergei Gonchar, whose left wrist was broken Oct. 20. The Penguins went 6-6-0 in those contests, with two shootout victories. Had they only missed Gonchar, perhaps the Penguins would have been able to keep up their statistically strong defensive performances through the first three weeks, but his injury started a three-week stretch in which five regular defensemen were lost to injury. Hurt most were goalies Marc-Andre Fleury and Brent Johnson — and Fleury's brilliant start (8-1-0, 1.96 GAA, .926 SV percentage) turned into a mid-level mark (14-7-0, 2.51 GAA, .904 SV percentage). Overall, the Penguins rated 11th in goals against despite a fourth-best shots against ranking. However, they posted a 2.07 GAA in nine games with the regular defense corps in tact, and in 19 games with at least full healthy regular defensemen in the lineup they had allowed an average of 2.35 goals - a total that would have placed them fourth overall. Consider those stats combined with their offensive prowess with Malkin playing as evidence that, when at full health, the Penguins are as complete a club as any in the NHL.
Special teams: 14.4 percent PP; 83.2 percent PK
A startlingly struggling power-play attack had produced hundreds of more emails from arm-chair coaches than goals (15 in 107 chances). Perhaps the best hope for optimism is acknowledging that Gonchar really does mean everything to the Penguins' advantage, even though they deploy on a top power-play unit containing two former scoring champions in Malkin and Crosby. Gonchar had played in 50 of 107 games the past two seasons. The Penguins were 17.9 percent on the power play (31 for 173); without him they were 14.7 percent (43 for 292). This is one of those occasions in which the numbers don't lie — though notable is that the Penguins had never failed to click at less than 20 percent on the power play in any season with Gonchar, Malkin and Crosby sharing time on a top unit before the last two years. As for the penalty kill; the Penguins denied opponents to score on all but 14 power plays in 25 games under Blysma last season, clicking at 87.2 percent. They were slightly below that impressive efficiency rate, but they also averaged 5.32 penalties compared to 4.36 under Bylsma last season - and playing 48 percent of the scheduled with a depleted defense corps makes their kill rate completely acceptable.


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Dr. Farhan Taghizadeh: Hi. I'm Farhan Taghizadeh with New Mexico Facial Plastics. Today I wanna answer a question that's on many people's minds as to whether facial micro-currence work the same as a face lift. Micro-current technology is a new technology that's come to market. And some people believe that it can do some tightening of the soft tissue in the face and the neck. In my experience, the micro-current technology is very good if you're using it for healing, specifically soft tissue and bone after you've had a surgical procedure. However, in terms of its utility when you're doing it for, using it for facial and neck tightening, my experience has been that the results are very incremental. In other words, if you're looking to look 10 to 15 years younger, it's my belief that this technology is not going to do that much for you. In my practice, we try to develop programs that are age specific. So for example, if someone is having a facial rejuvenation procedure with me, we may use micro-current technology after the procedure to help improve the process of healing. However, as an isolated technology, I really have never found micro-currence to be helpful in terms of giving patients an individual long-lasting results in terms of facial and neck rejuvenation. Thanks so much.
Are Facial Micro-currents the Same As a Facelift?
Dr. Taghizadeh discusses the results you can expect from using facial micro currents and how they differ from a facelift.


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$62.00 - Temporarily out of stock
This beautiful pillow sham is crocheted with 100% cotton twine and yarn made of remnant fabric from our in house fair trade workshop in Bali. It will fit on any standard size bed pillow and makes a great accent cushion on a bed, sofa or chair. Part of our upcycled Scrappy Line, it was designed by Andrea Phillips and crocheted in a women's cooperative in the West of Bali. Hand wash and lay flat to dry.
Dimensions: 27" x 19"


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Bell pepper is essentially a cool climate crop (65F to 75F). Production is low during summer months. When the temperature reaches 90F, the blossoms seldom set fruit. For best result in the drier low-lands, plant peppers in the late fall and winter months and harvest in late winter and early spring. In the cooler uplands, plant during the spring and early summer and harvest in the summer and early fall.
Keystone Resistant Giant, Emerald Giant, Titan, Yolo Wonder L, California Wonder, and Bell Boy Hybrid will produce peppers of the highest quality when grown locally.
Source of Seeds
Seeds of bell peppers are available from all seed companies on the Mainland and are usually included on seed racks in garden stores.
Irrigation and Cultivation
As a rule, lighter soils need more frequent irrigation than do heavier soils, and peppers require more frequent irrigation after fruiting starts than before. Cultivate whenever necessary. Tall weeds harbor insects which might transmit mosaic disease. Smal ler weeds are easier to eradicate.
The most common diseases found on peppers are |mosaic, bacterial leaf spot, Cercospora leaf spot,anthracnose, late blight, blossom end rot, and sun scald.
Mosaic, one or more virus diseases which cause green and yellow mottling and distorted leaves, is the most common disease problem of pepper. To control mosaic, insect pestsespecially aphids must be controlled because they are known to transmit the disease . A good insect control program plus weed control and sanitation will help control the disease. The use of aluminum foil soil mulch between the plants is reported effective in controlling mosaic by repelling aphids.
Maneb and zineb will provide needed control for Cercospora leaf spot and anthracnose. For bacterial leaf spot use copper fungicide. Blossom end rot is a result of insufficient water reaching the fruit. The various causes of this may be insufficient irriga tion, irrigation with water with high salt content, poorly drained soil, an insufficient root system on high-acid soil, calcium deficiency, root-knot nematode infestation on the roots, root damage from too deep cultivation, and root damage and excessive t ranspiration from strong winds.
Sun scald or sunburning is marked by sunken white dried spots on the fruits. Keep the leaves healthy to prevent them from dropping off and exposing the fruits to the sun. Closer planting during the hot months of the year is recommended to shade the fruit.
If bacterial wilt organism is present in the soil, bell pepper should not be planted. There is no chemical control or bell pepper variety resistant to the disease.
When applying Insecticides, fungicides, be sure to read and follow recommendations and directions on the label carefully.
Peppers thrive in a wide range of soil types but good drainage is essential. Soil should be worked over to break up any hardpan that prevents good drainage and to break up large soil clods. A soil pH of 5.5 to 7.0 is desirable.
If manure is used, till it into the soil during preparation for planting..A general garden fertilizer, like 10-30-10, can be applied at the rate of 3.5 to 4.0 pounds per 100 square feet. Apply one-third at transplanting, one-third when flowers form, and o ne-third a month after. Additional nitrogen may be applied after the first harvest to improve fruit size and vigor. (Excess nitrogen can cause flower drop.)
Peppers should be harvested when mature green. The skin of the mature green pepper is shiny and waxy. Peppers harvested too young will wilt and shrivel. Stems should be left on the fruits when they are harvested. After the first pepper matures, harvest at 3- to 4-day intervals. Harvest will last from 1 to 6 months or more, depending upon the care and condition of the plants.
The insects most commonly found on peppers are: aphids, mites, white flies, thrips, leafminers, and pepper weevil. All of them can be controlled to some degree with malathion, naled (Dibrom), diazinon, or carbaryl (Sevin) or dimethoate (Cygon).
In a single row planting, space the plants 12 inches apart in the row. Set the seedlings at the same depth as in the seedbed, flat, or pot, and firm the soil around the roots. It is beneficial to use a starter solution (water-soluble high phosphate fertilizer) at time of transplanting.


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Giant Goldfish Uses Invade Against Lake Tahoe! It's Super Effective!
Whenever a new species is introduced into an ecosystem it risks setting that ecosystem off balance, and that's why biologist Sudeep Chandra is worried about the increasing giant goldfish population of Lake Tahoe. The fish are not native to the lake, and could be competing with other species for food, and pooping so much that they are affecting the algae populations in the lake. The real fear of course is that the goldfish will master SPLASH and gain enough experience to eventually evolve into mighty Gyarados.Read More


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4 c. fresh watermelon, chopped and drained
1/4 c. red onion, diced small
2 Tbsp. honey
1/4 c. balsamic vinegar
3/4 c. light olive oil
2 Tbsp. fresh basil, chopped
Salt and pepper
1 Tbsp. fresh parsley, chopped
Combine watermelon, onion, vinegar, olive oil, basil and parsley in blender. Pulse on and off about 30 seconds until combined. Add salt and pepper to taste. Serve over mixed salad greens or fresh spinach and strawberries.


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An employee may initiate a request to managment for an informal review of the classification of their position. The classification refers to the title, pay plan, series, and/or grade assigned to the position.
An employee should not be requesting a review to resolve why certain duties and responsibilities have been assigned. The manager should initially ensure that a clear understanding exists regarding the duties and responsibilities assigned to the employee and that the position description /core document adequately reflects such information. A new description should be initiated, if necessary, and processed through the CPOC.
The request for an informal review may result in a human resources specialist conducting an on-site audit of the position to ensure the position description/core document is adequate and the classification is accurate.
Management should be familiar enough with the classification standards and the basis of the classification decisions applied to positions under their control to be able to provide the initial explanation to employees. If more detailed and technical information is required to respond to an employee, the CPAC should be consulted.
When all informal efforts have been exhausted and the employee still disagrees with the classification, management should advise the employee concerning formal classification appeal procedures. The CPAC provides assistance in initiating such actions.


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The Shakespeare Conference: SHK 11.1157 Monday, 5 June 2000.
Date: Sunday, 04 Jun 2000 09:30:22 +0000
Subject: 11.1148 Re: Use of Foreign Words
Comment: Re: SHK 11.1148 Re: Use of Foreign Words
I suggest that you examine Launcelot Gobo's soliloquy, in "TMOV" for
Shakespeare knew Hebrew very well. I recently posted a homage to
Schoenfeld where you can see an extended example of this. I beg the
readers not to involve me with an argument about this on line. Private
posts are welcome.
Florence Amit


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The Trade and Investment Section of the Embassy of Ghana in Washington DC, is responsible for promoting Trade & Investments in Ghana. The section provides assistance to companies considering expanding into the Ghanaian market as well as Ghanaian companies looking for potential partners and access to the US market.
Following are some reasons that makes Ghana an attractive place of doing business.
Outstanding in the African community for its economic and political achievements, Ghana is a natural gateway to West Africa. After a decade of structural adjustment reforms, Ghana has established a remarkable record of economic growth, expanding export industries, a growing stock market and rapidly increasing private investment opportunities.
In recent years, Ghana has received a strong endorsement of economic health from the Consultative Group for Ghana, which comprises representatives of 11 developed countries and multilateral institutions, including the International Monetary
Fund, the World Bank and the United Nations Development Program (UNDP).
With a stable political climate and an average annual GDP growth rate of nearly 5 percent over the past ten years, Ghana is poised to lead Africa into a new century of stability and economic prosperity.
A Country of Natural Wealth
Ghana is endowed with abundant natural wealth, including vast agricultural, mining and human resources. Along with its growing manufacturing sector, agriculture remains a key sector of the economy. The agrarian sector employs 60 percent of the Ghanaian workforce and makes up almost 44 percent of the country's GDP. Cocoa is the second-largest export, and new exports such as wood products, textiles, jewelry, pineapples, tuna fish and cotton are rapidly diversifying Ghana's agricultural export profile. The country has over 13.6 million hectares of arable land suitable for crops or livestock, and a potential annual production of 655,000 metric tons of fisheries products.
In addition to agricultural wealth, Ghana is also rich in mineral resources. Gold recently replaced cocoa as the country's primary export, with diamonds, aluminum and bauxite accounting for a large part of the country's exports. The mining industry was liberalized in 1987, and strategic investors such as de Beers, Lonrho, and others from the United States, Canada, Australia, South Africa and Britain have already taken advantage of the new business opportunities. Gold output rose to some 1.6 million ounces in 1995, and the Ghana Minerals Commission estimates that the 1996 output will reach 1.84
million ounces. Diamond production rose by an estimated 60 percent in 1994, and a continued rise is expected.
Ghana's industrious, well-educated workforce is one of the country's most valuable resources. There is a strong primary, secondary and higher education infrastructure, and literacy rates average 53 percent, one of the highest in the continent. Industrial growth, led by the mining, food processing and textile sectors, reached about 7 percent by the end of 1995.
According to The Economist magazine, the performance of Ghana's agricultural and mining sectors combined should lead to 5.5 percent GDP growth in 1995, and 5 percent GDP growth in 1996.
Gateway to the Growing West African Region
Ghana is a member the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS), a regional economic organization comprising a thriving market of 250 million people in West Africa. Formed in 1975, ECOWAS allows for the free movement of goods and people across the borders of its 16 member nations. Since its creation, implementation of the ECOWAS protocol on trade has greatly enhanced intra-regional trade as well as Ghana's status as an economic force in the sub-region.
Ghana's trading access to other African nations is expected to increase significantly in the coming years, especially as African nations move toward implementation of the African Economic Community, established by African heads of state and government in 1991. The AEC will take effect in 2025.
Ghana's New Business Opportunities
Recent amendments to Ghana's 1985 Investment Code have opened up a wide range of new business opportunities. The 1994 Ghana Investment Promotion Act guarantees the freedom for non-Ghanaians to establish and run enterprises in potentially lucrative areas such as natural gas; hydropower projects; fruit and vegetable farming; food processing, including fish canning; production of agro- chemicals; pharmaceuticals; and information technology.
The government's ongoing privatization initiatives also open up a number of sectors for new business partnerships and investment, notably the banking and the state petroleum and telecommunications sectors.
Tourism is an especially strong area for new business projects. Key opportunities in this sector include: tourist accommodation, particularly beach resorts; tourist transportation; catering enterprises; eco-tourism projects; night life and leisure; and tourist servicing enterprises. The Government of Ghana estimates that tourism will generate over $270 million annually after 1996.
Recent Foreign Direct Investment
Recent divestments have encouraged multinationals, medium and small-sized foreign companies as well as Ghanaian nationals residing overseas to expand their business interests in Ghana. In September 1995, Coca-Cola initiated a $19 million investment in a new bottling plant and training facilities, and Heinz recently invested $20 million in a tuna canning operation, through its StarKist subsidiary.
The government is also emphasizing the development of non-traditional export sectors. One American firm, Coleman, has invested $23 million in freshwater fish farming for export. As other recent investments and new investment plans show -- by Caterpillar, Unilever, Guinness, M&W Pump, IBM, Lazare Kaplan, Deloitte & Touche, AT&T, Southwestern Bell, Pryor, McClendon & Counts, Eveready and more -- the time has never been better for doing business in Ghana, Africa's new beacon of economic opportunity.
Advantages for Doing Business in Ghana
- Stable, multi-party government
- Demonstrated commitment to market liberalization
- Ongoing privatizations in key economic sectors
- Expanding stock market
- Competitive labor force
- Ongoing infrastructure development
- Export free zones where goods traded with other countries
are exempt from customs duties and laws
- Immediate access to all markets of the Economic Community
of West African States (ECOWAS)
- Quota-free access to U.S. and European Union markets
- Member of the World Trade Organization (WTO)
- Official language: English


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In which Jason reviews the trailer for "Masters of the Universe" with Ian Belknap, former Fact Checker for The Encylopedia Show , and Founder and Overlord of WRITE CLUB.
I feel like Skeletor is throwing away a big opportunity to ghost-ride the whip here. If you aren't familiar with the parlance, ghost riding the whip is when you put your car in neutral, turn the volume up on your stereo, and exit your vehicle to dance beside it as it rolls forward. Much like Mitt Romney's inauguration speech if he'd won the 2012 election, it's a "Jesus, take the wheel!" kind of scenario, except with more Ray Parker Jr. samples.
"Hey ghosts, could you steer my PT Cruiser? I just need to hop out and twerk for a second. What? Your hands are incorporeal?! I thought you were a poltergeist! Look, just try to scare the car in the right direction. And would it kill you to put on a bed sheet with eye holes in it? People are going to think I'm dancing in the street next to a moving vehicle with no driver and I'll look like a crazy person."
Food for thought: Ray Parker Jr. is more afraid of ghosts than he's ever been in his entire life.
Anyway, does Skeletor think he's too good to hop out and ghost ride his own hovercraft? Maybe he's the ghost, and every vehicle he occupies is constantly considered to be in a state of being ghost-ridden, and it's his minions who should be dancing.
These are all excellent points you're making. If "excellent" is understood to mean "scattershot observations that fail entirely to miss the most salient aspects of a thing."
I for one would ask: "How are we to know that this is actually Frank Langella in there?" How are we to know? The credits that roll at the end of the picture? The somnolent voiceover in this trailer? His IMDB page? The voice (allegedly) issuing forth from behind that skull mask that looks to be made from some kind of luminous extraterrestrial snot? At least THIS Amazon summarizer has the COURAGE to ask of Langella's memoir "Dropped Names" "How did Brooke Astor lose her virginity?"
Look, I'll be the first man to stand tall and agree that there can be no more pure expression of "a being of utter evil" than the ability to shoot unconvincing fuschia lightning out of one's fingertips in a command chamber festooned with gold lamé, as he does here. That's not the issue. That much is clear. The credentials of the character are unimpeachable. But the people have a right to know: IS that Satellite- and Fangoria Chainsaw Award-nominated actor Frank Langella inside that snot-skull? I mean – at the risk of coming as the "Langella Birther Movement" within the mediascape of the nation of this trailer – I think we can all agree that it doesn't take a whole lot of convincing to get Dolph goddamn Lundgren to put on that Linda Evans wig and spray tan, wriggle into that light bondage gear (Sidebar: BILLION dollar franchise idea: "Fifty Shades of Dolph" – you're welcome), and pretend to be Adam, Prince of Eternia. And where the fuck is Battle Cat, by the way?
But Frank fucking Langella has come to STAND for something, goddammit. I mean, we're talking about the guy who captured our hearts as Lieutenant Hudson in the 2005 Ja Rule picture Back in the Day. OK, maybe not our hearts. But some fleeting portion of our attention, for sure. That portion devoted to late-night BET-sightings of Frank Langella, at any rate.
As to this business of ghost-riding, which I believe was the initial subject of your inquiry: this seems a fantastic way to blow the minds of passersby. Provided you were somehow able to assure that the only passersby were plucked from the ranks of those whose minds are also blown by guys like this.


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Process Improvement London
At Q:PIT we work with organisations on quality improvement in a very professional and personalised environment. Process Improvement in London is a focus of ours, providing large and small organisations with things such as customer support, testing and corrections.
Process Improvement in Oxford is another real investment we engage with. We include traditional process improvement models with approaches based on sociology and psychology to get the best possible result.
If you're looking for Process Improvement in Birmingham then you've come to the right place. We offer indepent organisations complimentary services and products.
We also offer CMMI appraisals in London, Oxford and Birmingham to identify the current state of the organisation's work practices and processes. Here we can initiate an Improvement Programme to monitor progress, focus attention and improve predictability and productivity along with other business needs.
To really take care of your business work with us today.


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Plein Air Frames
- I buy many of my frames from these folks. They are a pleasure to do business with and work hard to take care of their clients.
Classic Gallery Framing
- located in Canada; gorgeous frames, good prices, very nice people
Triple D Game Farm
- my workshop co-hosts, and some of the nicest folks around
National Museum of Wildlife Art
Leigh Yawkey Woodson Art Museum
(Birds in Art)
Artists for Conservation
Society of Animal Artists
Agora Gallery
UK Pet Portraits
Missoula, Montana
406 . 626 . 4586
julie at JulieTChapman dot com
-- all images on this website copyright (c) Julie T. Chapman --


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Revision as of 17:57, 13 June 2012 by KingAragorn Bot (Talk | contribs)
In all the histories and geographies of the island of Númenor, only two mountains were named. The first was the famous Meneltarma, the Pillar of Heaven that stood in the central highlands. The other was far to the north, near the island's North Cape, with its eastern flanks forming sheer sea-cliffs. That was Sorontil, the peak of the Forostar.[1]
Sorontil's name was never given an English form, but in translation it would be 'Eagle-horn', an appropriate name for a mountain whose crags were home to countless Eagles. In the early history of Númenor, Tar-Meneldur built a tall tower in the vicinity of this mountain, though we are not told whether this actually stood on the slopes of Sorontil itself.[2]
- ↑ J.R.R. Tolkien, Christopher Tolkien (ed.), Unfinished Tales, "Introduction", "The Map of Middle-earth"
- ↑ J.R.R. Tolkien, Christopher Tolkien (ed.), Unfinished Tales, "A Description of the Island of Númenor"


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Otis McAllister is proud of the contributions of its founders and employees over the past two centuries to American commerce - from the American Revolution to the very founding of San Francisco. Otis McAllister's founding partners, James Otis, Jr., M. Hall McAllister, and Everett N. Bee have become integral to California's rich and varied history. Just as their respective streets and statues have physically shaped the city of San Francisco, so has Otis McAllister by playing a vital role in shaping both the US and world food industry.
The Company's early history was profoundly influenced by Captain Frederick William Macondray. Moving his business from thriving nineteenth century Boston to the sparsely populated San Francisco area in 1848, Captain Macondray helped to provide the necessary capital for many fledgling businesses in pre-gold rush California. Macondray & Co. was founded as a commission and trading house with Capt. Macondray's partner in overseas ventures - James Otis, Sr. The Otis family, already an icon of American history for their role in the American Revolution, played a defining role in San Francisco as James Otis, Sr. would later serve as President of the city's Board of Supervisors from 1859 to 1861, and later as Mayor from 1873 to 1875. While becoming a partner with Captain Macondray, James Otis, Sr. also became his son-in-law when he married the Captain's eldest daughter, Lucy. Together, they had a son who they named James Otis, Jr.
The McAllister family played equally important historical roles. One McAllister family member served as the first US District Attorney personally appointed by President George Washington. Others served as Mayor of Savannah, Georgia, and President of San Francisco's Board of Directors. M. Hall McAllister, III, was a close friend of James Otis, Jr., and they, along with Everett N. Bee, established Otis McAllister & Co. in 1892 to pursue the expanding world trade market.
Otis McAllister & Co. eventually opened offices around the world, including South America, Africa (the Belgian Congo, Ethiopia), the United States, and Canada. In the early nineteen sixties, Otis McAllister was forced to reorganize due to its heavy reliance on the speculative coffee import business. Nevertheless, shortly thereafter, Jay T. Reed and Carl Hunt revitalized the company, creating a durable structure which has served it to this very day. Since that time, the leadership and employees of Otis McAllister have expanded the business into more than 80 countries representing buyers and producers in all corners of the world. Otis McAllister's rich history demonstrates knowledge of the finest food and beverage lines, technical aspects associated with world trade, and a logistical distribution system spanning the globe.