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Tottanham Row, Oxford
The spirit of London in the heart of the Coltswolds! Oxenham shopping district provides the best designer fashion, exciting trends, and boutique experience of our capitol in Oxford's beautiful city centre.
This site is run and maintained by the Oxenham Business Bureau. You'll find shopping guides, tourist information, and the latest news here.
Latest News:
Announcement: Get Your Kicks 2016
The first annual Oxenham shoe sale will be happening this September (dates tba). It's an event coordinated between all the clothing and footwear shops on the high street, in partnership with with Planet Aid. During the week of the sale, all the shops will offer steep discounts (the best of the season, we're told, with special overstock and clearance offers). A portion of proceeds will go to benefit local homeless charities. The other big push is the donation programme, in coordination with Planet Aid there will be donation boxes at either end of the high street for you to donate your old kicks to people in need. After all, most of us don't actually NEED new shoes. The Get Your Kicks event is a great way to upgrade your wardrobe without feeling guilty. It's probably going to be a madhouse, so savvy shoppers will be best served by doing a bit of research in advance of the sale. You can find mens walking shoes reviews, comfortable nursing shoes, and more online so you can shop with a list already made!
News: Council Approves Traffic Circle
For years now, the Council have been debating what best to do with the intersection leading onto the motorway. A roundabout was proposed, rejected, and eventually proposed again with some revisions. Now, thanks to a local campaign and support from local businesses, the Council have approved the updated plan. The roundabout isn't scheduled to begin construction until early next year, but we're hoping it will ease congestion and improve traffic towards the city centre. After all, that's where most of our shoppers and patrons come through. There will be an informational meeting on 16th August, and all interested persons are encouraged to attend.


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Microsoft User Experience Virtualization (UE-V): Facts and Review
16 years after roaming profiles made their debut in Windows NT 4.0 Microsoft takes another stab at synchronizing user settings across devices – a very different one. As we will see, UE-V is radically different from roaming profiles, but so similar to some other user environment management products that it seems like a best-practices implementation.
User Experience Virtualization (UE-V) will be part of MDOP. It manages user settings only, not data files. Microsoft wants you to use their Folder Redirection and Offline Files technologies for data.
To learn more and to read the entire article at its source, please refer to the following page, Microsoft User Experience Virtualization (UE-V): Facts and Review- Helge Klein – Blog
Follow @DABCC Follow @douglasabrown

subset: commoncrawl


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Connect with Us!
Savings Up To 70% Off!
Fitteds. One word's all you need to explain the mega cap trend dominated by the New Era Cap Company, makers of the best fitted cap in the game. What makes New Era the best? You'd have to ask Jay-Z, LeBron James and 50 Cent—they regularly sport different versions on the brand's New York Yankees cap.
New Era, as it's known in the streets, is the largest headwear manufacturer in the United States, and creators of the first version of the baseball cap in 1932. This New Era hat caught the attention of professional baseball teams, and by 1934, New Era began creating caps for the Cleveland Indians. In the 1940s, the company introduced an adjustable New Era cap while continuing to manufacture the fitted hat.
It's safe to say 1954 goes down as the year the New Era fitted game changed, as it saw the debut of the 59Fifty, also known as the "Brooklyn Style." New Era hat sales continued to grow with the brand solidifying its position as an athletic staple. The company's hard work was rewarded in 1993 with an exclusive licensing deal with Major League Baseball. Today, athletes across all major genres—including golf and tennis—have responded to the brand and joined the New Era sales roster.
Bolstered by their steady success, this small-cap business developed a New Era apparel division. Cutting-edge designs make New Era shirts some of the most coveted in the fashion game. New Era clothing—which now includes hoodies, jackets, pants, polos and tees—can be seen on trendsetting early adapters. Those in the know don't want cheap New Era substitutes. Fan flock to DrJays.com's New Era store for the bragging rights that come with owning a New Era fitted.
Naysayers will never get the chance to discount New Era as being "just a cap company."


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The Daily Energy
Opponents of the Keystone Pipeline geared up for a big weekend as a contingent of celebrities chained themselves to the White House fence yesterday and managed to get arrested. Robert F. Kennedy, Jr., Daryl Hannah, Bill McKibben and NASA scientist James Hansen were all led away in handcuffs. Sierra Club director Michael Brune broke a 120-year tradition of that organization by becoming the first Club director to practice civil disobedience. And this was only the VIP reception. Tens of thousands are expected to show up on Sunday for the main event. As Byron York of the Washington Times says, Keystone has caught President Obama between friends.
Solar in the desert isn't getting such a good reception as three Arizona environmental groups have sued the Bureau of Land Management over President Obama's plans to create "solar zones" of several hundred square miles to site giant solar installations. The environmental groups called the solar projects "destructive" and said they violated BLM's mandate to preserve the integrity of the land. Arizona is also having a big argument over subsidizing rooftop panels and some are starting to argue that solar may not be as green as thought. This isn't deterring the Saudis, however, who are making big plans to put solar facilities in the Arabian Desert.
Europe is also starting to wonder about how all that renewable energy is raising the price of electricity. Germany and Spain are both talking about cutting back on green support but it may not be easy. A group of investors is already suing Spain over cutting promised subsidies. The European Union may also be about to split over the failed effort to make carbon pricing work. The price has gone so low that many are saying the nations would be better working on their own. The World Wildlife Fund is not discouraged, however. It insists Europe will be 100 percent renewable by 2050.
The Tesla-Times tiff is heating up as the dispute moves off Twitter and into the pages of the mainstream media. Elon Musk released the log of David Broder's fateful journey from DC to Boston and argued that it contradicts the reporter's account. Erik Wemple, in the Washington Post, asks whether Broder didn't' have "disdain" for the EV. But the story is having an impact. Mark Hachman, writing in PC, lists five other electric vehicles that "failed to go the distance." The Christian Science Monitor asks whether EVs can stand up to cold weather. And Charles Lane, writing on philly.com, says outright that the electric car push has been a failure.
Finally, California has taken another step toward energy utopia by mandating that Southern California Edison produce 50 megawatts of electrical storage by 2021. The requirement was part of a package where the Public Utilities Commission severely reduced the recommendations of the Independent Systems Operator for new power plants. The ISO had asked for 2,371 new MW of gas-fired generators. The PUC cut that to 1,200. The Natural Resources Defense Council is celebrating but it was such policies that led to the great California Electrical Shortage of 2000. And 50 MW of storage? That's a lot of lithium-ion batteries.


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Steve Johnson and Debra Marshall announce their engagement and forthcoming marriage to take place at 5:30 p.m. on Saturday, April 24, 2010, at the Mason Baptist Church.
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Geology Faculty
Dr. Eric Law (1984), Associate Professor
Ph. D. Case Western Reserve University
Courses offered:
Physical geology, Mineralogy, Petrology, Landscape Evolution
Recent research Interests
Dr. Stephen Van Horn (1999): Associate Professor
Ph. D. University of Connecticut
Courses offered
Environmental Geology, Structural Geology, Geography, and GIS.
Primary research / teaching specialties
Current research interests
Dr. David Rodland (2008): Visiting Assistant Professor of Geology


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Michael Michele also attended Wednesday night's L'Oréal Paris Legends Gala, which benefited the Ovarian Cancer Research Fund.
The 'Gossip Girl' actress opted for a turquoise Alberta Ferretti one-shoulder gown, which was adorned with a loose bow on the shoulder and two on the back.
She teamed the dress with emerald earrings encrusted with diamonds and a matching bracelet.
The colour of her gown is perfect for her caramel skin-tone. However, I'm not 100% sold on her emerald jewels, which steal the limelight.
Simple diamond earrings would have done the trick.
A tight side bun, silver eye shadow and a glossy pink pout provided the finishing touches.
Credit: Getty


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Get up to $4 off a pizza with these Godfather's Pizza coupons good through December 31, 2017.
CLICK HERE for your Godfather's Pizza coupons. Current pizza coupons include the following:
- Save $1 on a Small Pizza
- Save $2 on a Medium Pizza
- Save $3 on a Large Pizza
- Save $4 on a Jumbo Pizza
- Buy one, get one for $3.99: Get a Medium 1-Topping Pizza for $3.99 with the purchase of a Large Specialty Pizza at regular menu price
Online coupons, offers, specials and deals are valid only at participating locations and are not valid on gluten-free offerings. Contact your local Godfather's Pizza in advance to determine if these coupons will be honored. These coupons are not valid in Ohio.
About Godfather's Pizza (from Wikipedia)
Godfather's Pizza is a privately owned restaurant chain headquartered in Omaha, Nebraska, that operates fast casual Italian franchises. In addition to their fast casual franchise locations, they also operate many Pizza Express Bars. The restaurants serve a wide variety of pizzas, breadsticks, chips, cookies, and pastas, and have an expansive salad bar and buffet. They offer four different types of crust: Original, Golden, Mozza-Loaded, and Thin. The chain has recently introduced gluten-free pizzas, made from rice flour.
Godfather's Pizza is also known for its commercials featuring "The Godfather", a knock-off of Marlon Brando's character, Don Vito Corleone, from the 1972 film The Godfather. "The Godfather" has been played by two actors, the first being Omaha actor J. William Koll, who typically wore a white fedora hat, a pin stripe suit, and a flower on his jacket. He also used the sayings "A pizza you can't refuse!", "Do it!", "If you don't like anchovies, you'll be sleeping with the fishes", "Da goods is in da box!" and "I know your neighborhood."


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Undergraduate studies
Our courses range from the traditional science disciplines such as biology, chemistry and physics, to information technology, engineering, medical sciences, chiropractic, mathematics, statistics, and many other areas in between. We live in times of great innovation, opportunity and challenge. Our courses provide you with the opportunity to build a career that will be rewarding and satisfying.
Postgraduate coursework
Postgraduate coursework degrees are programs of study that lead to Postgraduate Certificates, Postgraduate Diplomas, or Master degrees. They usually require the successful completion of an appropriate Undergraduate degree or diploma course and sometimes applicants must have professional or other experience. Full details of admission requirements for individual programs can be found in the Programs of Study section in the Handbook of Postgraduate Studies.
Find a course by area of study
Macquarie's highly regarded science graduates benefit from our interdisciplinary approach and forge successful, productive careers across a range of scientific disciplines including astronomy, biology, chemistry, microbiology and physics.
We combine a strong research-based curriculum with practical skills and industry exposure to make you truly valuable to the marketplace. Study engineering, information systems, software technology solutions, or web design and development.
Macquarie lets you study with people using their knowledge to make an impact on today's environmental issues. Learn to make positive change in areas like conservation, development, Earth sciences, resource management and sustainability.
Macquarie graduates possess skills that will help drive innovation and improve the lives of people with various health conditions.
Areas of Interest
NEW Academic Achievement Entry Scholarships 2017
2017 Entry scholarship applications are now open for study in the Faculty of Science and Engineering.
What's on offer
Full Degree Support Scholarship of $2000 per year (applicable for each year of study throughout the degree)
Open to all applicants.
- Bachelor of Medical Science
- Bachelor of Environment OR Bachelor of Environment with the Bachelor of Laws (Combined degree program)
- Bachelor of Marine Science
- Bachelor of Information Technology – Games Design and Development
- Bachelor of Advanced Science
(One scholarship available per program category)
Commencing scholarship of $5000 (open to female student applicants only)
- Bachelor of Information Technology OR Bachelor of Information Technology with the Bachelor of Laws (Combined degree program)
- Bachelor of Engineering (Honours) OR Bachelor of Engineering (Honours) with the Bachelor of Arts/ Commerce/ Science (Double degree program)
(One scholarship available per program category)
Full Degree Support Scholarships of $5000 per year (applicable for each year of study throughout the degree)
- Bachelor of Engineering (Honours) OR Bachelor of Engineering (Honours) with the Bachelor of Laws/ Arts/ Commerce/ Science (Double degree program)
(Four scholarships available)
How to apply
To apply for any of the scholarships listed above, please complete the Academic Entry Scholarships Form
If you should have any issues with submitting the application form, please contact the Coursework Scholarships and Prizes Unit or by phone on (02) 9850 7337/6401.
For other questions about the scholarship, please contact James Downes from the Faculty of Science and Engineering or phone 9850 8900
To be eligible for these exciting Macquarie Science and Engineering Scholarships you must:
- Be a Year 12 student completing their Year 12 HSC* studies in 2016 and applying for tertiary study in 2017 through UAC (*NSW HSC or Australian matriculation equivalent)
- Achieve an ATAR entrance ranking score equal to or greater than 90
- Meet any other criteria required in your UAC application into the relevant Macquarie program
- Attain a GPA in your first year of studies of at least 3.2 to continue to receive the yearly scholarship amount
- Be available to commence studies at Macquarie University in Semester 1, 2017
- Have the Macquarie Degree Program listed as one of your top 4 UAC preferences at the post-ATAR results January 2017 UAC offer round
- Have completed and submitted the scholarship application form
Important information
- Only open to full-time enrolling students commencing their studies in first semester 2017.
- You cannot be awarded more than one of these scholarships, but you may apply for as many separate scholarships as you wish concurrently.
- To fulfil the obligations of the scholarship and receive the financial support you will need to be enrolled as a full- time student in the relevant Macquarie undergraduate degree program as of March 31, 2017.
- Eligibility criteria for continuing to receive our full program scholarships will relate to your Grade Point Average (GPA) performance in your studies once enrolled. Further information on GPA assessment in your program available upon enrolment.
- Current recipients of other Macquarie University academic scholarships for 2017 study are ineligible for these Science and Engineering scholarships.
General scholarship opportunities
Comprehensive information on university scholarships for undergraduate students can be found on the scholarships for undergraduate students page.
Macquarie University offers a wide range of scholarships that not only generously reward students who have demonstrated academic excellence, there are also a wide range of equity scholarships. Each year Macquarie University awards over $2 million in scholarships. In addition to the University scholarships many faculties also provide scholarships for students.


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Request Information for 2017 Season Membership
2017 Season Tickets are on sale now and you don't want to miss out on any of the action! Register on the list below or call (303) 825-GOAL to receive more information on the exclusive benefits and opportunities for Season Ticket Members.
Request Information for the 2017 Season Membership Here
2017 Benefits Grid
2017 Seating Chart
2017 Full Season Ticket Pricing


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Best of CH 2013: Cool Hunting Video
As people around the world prepare for the holidays and the new year, what better time then to look back on all of the standout Cool Hunting content from 2013. CH Video traveled from California to Georgia, met some memorable characters and got to go...
TM Inspiration Pad
Always taking the same approach will yield the same results. The Inspiration Pad helps breakthrough ideas come from nothing more than a change of style. For those experiencing a case of writer's block, the classic blue lines of this notebook are warped...
Public Supply
As of late, shrinking budgets and an insistence on standardized testing has left many art programs at public schools underfunded. Operating on the onus that creativity is key in the academic and personal development of youngsters, Brooklyn-based...
Cool Hunting Video Presents: Terrapin Stationers
In our final video that premiered at this year's 99u, we spent the day in midtown Manhattan with Terrapin Stationers. Operating for nearly a century, this printing house has kept up with the times by adding a contemporary element to their business...
Mechanical Colored Pencils
Refresh your pencil box with these colored mechanical pencils from the makers at Letterbox Paris. Easily refilled, these are perfect for even the most ambitious doodlers.


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This is the time of year when food pantries are beginning to see a sharp increase in their distribution numbers, said Ocean City Ecumenical Council Food Cupboard Coordinator Dottie Cianci.
"It's getting colder outside, the holidays are coming and the summer jobs have ended," Cianci said. "It's difficult for people to find work in the offseason."
Armed with this information and a desire to help, some Ocean City organizations and businesses have started hosting their own food and clothing drives.
Ocean City chiropractor Matthew Kemenosh and his staff are holding their second annual food and clothing collection at their office - 300 Third St., Ocean City. Ocean City Boy Scout Troop 32 will be collecting non-perishable food items during Thursday's Halloween parade and last month, the Atlantic County Utilities Authority joined with the city to host a citywide fall food collection to benefit the Ocean City Ecumenical Council Food Cupboard. The weeklong fall food drive resulted in the collection of 3,631 pounds of food, more than twice the amount collected last year.
Cianci said the Ocean City Ecumenical Council Food Cupboard has to put a limit on how often a food allotment can be picked up - every 30 days - and how much food is in each allotment. The Cupboard simply doesn't have enough stock to give more, she said.
"We're very grateful for whatever little bit we get, and every little bit helps," Cianci said.
Kemenosh said he decided to hold a food and clothing drive at his office after he met a family in need while at a sports game with his son.
"I was sitting on the sidelines, and I overheard this woman saying she was drinking Ensure drinks to get her nutrition so that her three kids could eat regular food," Kemenosh said. He said her kids were there at the field with her that day and seeing the family really brought it home.
"I realized right there that we need to do something," Kemenosh said.
He said the purpose of his drive is to alleviate some of the strain on families in need and to generate awareness of the issue.
"People are struggling, and the food pantries don't have enough to go around," Kemenosh said.
The donations collected by his office will benefit the Community FoodBank of New Jersey and its thrift shop, Kathleen's Closet. All proceeds from the thrift shop sales are used to purchase bulk food items for the food bank.
Cianci said the Ocean City Ecumenical Council also operates a free clothing distribution center for the needy. Its coordinator, Ann Gallagher, said they are in desperate need of gently used jackets and winter coats - particularly children's sizes - as well as comforters and blankets.
"It's been a very hard couple of years with the economy," Gallagher said.
Contact Elisa Lala:
How to help
Bring non-perishables food items to the Halloween parade: Ocean City Boy Scouts Troop 32 will be collecting non-perishable food items to benefit the city's Ecumenical Council Food Cupboard during the city's Halloween parade,Thursday, Oct. 25, starting at 7:15 p.m. The parade route runs from Sixth to 11th streets down Asbury Ave. Call Assistant Scoutmaster Scott Ruch at 609-399-7391.
Make a monetary donation or drop off: Donations for the Ocean City Ecumenical Council missions can be mailed to Post Office Box 1001, Ocean City, NJ.
Ocean City Ecumenical Council Food Cupboard is located inside St. Peter's United Methodist Church, 501 E. Eighth St., Ocean City. Hours of operation: 1 to 3 p.m. Monday through Friday.
Ocean City Ecumenical Council Clothes Closet, 555 West Ave., Ocean City. Hours of operation: 10 a.m. to 3 p.m. Monday and Wednesday and 10 a.m. to 12 p.m. Friday.
Kemenosh Chiropractor Center, 300 Third St., Ocean City. If the office is closed, items can be left in a box or bag outside the door.
Mark your calendar: The Ocean City Post Service will host a citywide food collection pick-up for the Ocean City Ecumenical Council Food Cupboard Saturday, Dec. 8. Residents are bring asked to place food donation in a bag next to their mail boxes.


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E-books most "trendy" in Asia says Google
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Alexander Turcic
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E-books most "trendy" in Asia says Google
I had way too much time on my hands today and gave Google Trends a whirl. My first startling discovery: places searching the most for e-book related terms are predominately Asian countries like India, Viet Nam, Pakistan, and the Philippines. And my second discovery: ebook wins over e-book (well I kinda knew this already, but it still surprises me to see by how much. Don't worry, we'll continue to keep the hyphen).
Find out for yourself:
E-books in Google Trends
If you come across something particularly interesting or amusing, let us know.
Alexander Turcic
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Preprocessor and postprocessor graphical-user interface
for preparing SUTRA input data and for viewing model
output for use within Argus Open Numerical
Environments (Argus ONE)
Version 1.05, Released 2 July 2002
Fixed minor bug in export template.
Version 1.04, Released 7 June 2001
Changed tabs in Edit Project Info dialog box to multiline. Allows user to cancel export immediately if bandwidthhas not been optimized. Observations are not used if NOBCYC on the Output tab is zero even if observations are specified on the observation layer. Progressbar added during export. Fixed bug in export of DTMAX. Postprocessing is aborted if values read from the D3 file are uniform in order to prevent Argus ONE from crashing.
|Download Software
SUTRA GUI compiled for Microsoft Windows 9x or NT (PC zip file, 1756K)
SUTRA GUI source code for compilation under Microsoft Windows 9x or NT (PC zip file, 847K)
The zip files available above must
be unzipped using a utility that preserves long filenames,
such as PKZIP for Windows. A shareware version of PKZIP
for Windows is available from
A README file containing
installation instructions is included with the software.
Voss, C.I., Boldt, David, and Shapiro, A.M., 1997, A graphical-user interface for the U.S. Geological Survey's SUTRA code using Argus ONE (for simulation of variable-density saturated-unsaturated ground-water flow with solute or energy transport): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-421, 106 p.* Documention editted on Jan. 10, 2000 to correct a few errors.
SUTRA GUI User's Manual (Portable Document Format, PDF, 1812K)
SUTRA GUI User's Manual (PostScript, zip-compressed file, 675K)
SUTRA GUI User's Manual, (PostScript, gzip-compressed, 662K)
|Related Programs
[Up] [Software Archive] [National Research Program] [[Ground Water Information] [Water Resource] [USGS]
Web page comments, contact: Clifford Voss <email@example.com>


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Aden & Anais Mela Bamboo Swaddles 3 pk
1 Recommendation
cacozy's recommendation
Introducing Aden + Anais Bamboo Swaddles! Includes pack of 3-- Mela Bamboo Muslin Swaddling Wraps. Aden + Anais wraps are the ultimate in breathability and softness. The fabrics light, open weave allows a babys body temperature to regulate itself naturally, which helps to prevent overheating. It is gentle on babys skin and durable for everyday use. The more you wash aden + anais wraps, the softer they get. Aden + Anais wraps are extra large, measuring 47 x 47, so that new and seasoned parents alike can swaddle babies of all sizes with ease. Traditionally used for swaddling our wraps can also be used as burp cloths, nursing and stroller covers, portable crib sheets, stroller and car seat liners, tummy time blankets, change table covers, and more.


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Ask a Lawyer and Get Answers to Your Legal Questions
I am a business owner in Arizona. I have an employee who borrowed money from the company, signed a promissory note and an Authorization Form authorizing the company to make payroll deductions toward the promissory note. The form does not specify any amount, it is what I would like to consider a carte blanc authoriztion form. The employee was fired upon discovery of theft. He had gotten his paycheck early (payday is Friday, he got it Wednesday, the day the theft was discovered). We stopped pay on the check and applied the net pay toward his promissory note. Gross pay was still made, taxes withheld and remitted, child support withheld and remitted. Only the net pay was kept. The issuing bank was given the reason for stop payment, and our bank representative tell us that the grocery store that took the check only recourse is the ex-employee as the holder in due course. As I said, the ex-employee signed the check over to a grocery store. The ex-employee has not made good on the check to the grocery store, and that store is calling us. Our bank called the grocery store and advised them that their recourse is the ex-employee but it has not been able to collect from him. What is my company's exposure? I am a CPA, and in my limited training on negotiable instruments, the check has to go back in the line of issuance. Could you update and explain to me what the law is? Thank you Mike
Is Arizona the same as most other states in this respect?
I don't disagree with the law on this, but my clear recollection is that the check went back in the line of each holder. Holder in Due Course is the terminology that I recall.


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The Violence Against Women Act (VAWA) is up for reauthorization this year, and for the first time since its original passage, it's facing pushback from Republicans.
Female senators are not happy about the sudden resistance to a usually uncontroversial bill. A few new provisions in VAWA add protections for undocumented people, the LGBT community, and Indian reservations, which have prompted a change of heart from anti-immigrant Republicans like Jeff Sessions, who said, "there are matters put on that bill that almost seem to invite opposition."
In a Senate floor speech today, Sen. Dianne Feinstein (D-CA) argued that our values should demand that everyone deserves protection from domestic abuse:
The bill includes lesbian and gay men. The bill includes undocumented immigrants who are victims of domestic abuse. The bill gives native American tribes authority to prosecute crimes. In my view, these are improvements. Domestic violence is domestic violence. I ask my friends on the other side: If the victim is in a same-sex relationship, is the violence any less real, is the danger any less real because you happen to be gay or lesbian? I don't think so.
If a family comes to the country and the husband beats his wife to a bloody pulp, do we say, 'Well you're illegal, I'm sorry, you don't deserve any protections'? 911 operators, police officers, don't refuse to help a victim because of their sexual orientation or the country where they were born, or their immigration status. When you call the police in America, they come regardless of who you are.
Sen. Feinstein: GOP Is Saying 'We Don't Consider Violence Against Women To Be An Important Issue'
Current Status: Blessed (1)
Seeded on Thu Mar 15, 2012 3:14 PM
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This article is an open-access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (
A novel design of a microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) control moment gyroscope (MCMG) was proposed in this paper in order to generate a torque output with a magnitude of 10−6 N·m. The MCMG consists of two orthogonal angular vibration systems,
Miniature, low cost, and autonomous spacecrafts have been the focus of NASA since 1992 [
There are two fundamental ways to control the attitude of spacecrafts, either by applying external torques through technologies such as thrusters [
The working principles of RW, CMG, and VSCMG are very similar. When a torque is exerted on the wheel, an equal and opposite reaction torque is applied to the spacecraft. RWs are electric motor driven rotors made to spin in the direction opposite to that required to re-orient the spacecraft [
The conventional CMGs were large in size, mechanically complex, and expensive. Many efforts have been made to obtain mini-CMGs to satisfy the needs of small satellites with a weight of 1–20 kg [
The major challenge to realize the RW or CMG through MEMS technologies lies in the miniaturization of traditional momentum wheels. Eunjeong Lee proposed a fully rotating miniature flywheel based on high temperature superconductor technology for nano satellites [
The working principle of the MCMG is similar, yet precisely opposite, to that of conventional MEMS Coriolis vibratory gyroscopes (CVG). MCMGs uses Coriolis effect to influence the outside world, while MEMS CVGs use Coriolis effect to sense the outside world. The proposed MCMG is actually a single gimbal CMG. For development equations of the torque output, two reference frames,
If a rotation is applied to the spinning disc about
In the proposed MCMG, angular sinusoidal vibrations substitute the angular rotations. The angular displacements of rotor and gimbal in corresponding frames can be expressed as following:
It is obvious that the amplitude of the output torque is proportional to the inertial moment of spinning disc
MCMG consists of two orthogonal angular vibration systems,
Wire pads for comb drives are usually located at fixed combs. This can, however, not be used for MCMGs. The vibration of the SOI sandwich will break off the wires. To solve this problem, the 'link structure' (
A process flow is proposed to realize such a MCMG structure as shown in
This process flow has three advantages at least. In contrast with the surface process [
Based on the aforementioned design scheme, we gave a group of major parameters with their feasible values as shown in
Transient analysis results of the MCMG are shown in
The maximum instantaneous energy that the rotor sustained is just the maximum kinetic energy of the rotor. According to
The output torque of the designed MCMG can be enhanced further in several ways. It is very efficient to enhance the torque output by increasing the resonant frequency, since the torque is proportional to square of the frequency. As for the current design, if we improved the resonant frequency from 1000 Hz to 10,000 Hz, then the torque output could reach a magnitude of 10−6 N·m. Increasing inertial moment of the rotor means to augment the size of the whole MCMG. However, the size of a chip is usually restricted by the corresponding micromachining process. The layout area for the MCMG with 3 microns as the critical dimension is usually limited to 1.0 cm × 1.0 cm approximately. Another way is to increase the driving voltages to enlarge the angular vibration amplitude of both rotor and gimbal. However, the pull-in phenomenon of parallel plate capacitor actuators [
In order to meet the requirements of practical attitude control, parasitic torque and fluctuations of torque output for MCMG need to be eliminated or smoothed. The parasitic torque is generated due to change of the gimbal momentum. A configuration of two-MCMG pairs with an opposite phase can cancel the parasitic torque effectively (
According to
All in all, in order to solve the two problems mentioned above, an array configuration using four MCMGs as an effective MCMG element, in which the torques are generated with a phase difference of
A 1 kg cubic spacecraft with a standard form factor of 10 cm × 10 cm × 10 cm [
In this paper, a novel concept of MEMS control moment gyroscope was designed and simulated, and a possible process flow was also presented. The performance of the MCMG was projected to have a torque output of 2.5 × 10−8 N·m, even larger to a magnitude of 10−6 N·m. The proposed four-MCMG array configuration with a phase difference of 90 degrees between every two MCMGs was proved very effective to null out the parasitic torque and smooth the output torque. Through a proper configuration, the MCMG could be used to generate a torque output that is big enough to change the attitude for the sub-kg spacecraft.
The authors gratefully acknowledge Chinese Hi-Tech Research and Development Program's financial support (Contract No.2009AA04Z320), Xi'an Applied Materials Innovation Fund of China's financial support (No. XA-AM-200801), and Chinese National Science Foundation's financial support (Contract No. 60976087).
Schematic of a single gimbal CMG.
(a) Top view of MCMG. (b) Cross section of MCMG. (c) Solid model of MCMG. (The figures are not to scale).
The designed link structure to supply electronic voltage.
The proposed process flow for the MCMG.
The system level model of MCMG established in Architect.
(a) AC analysis results of the rotor. (b) AC analysis results of the gimbal.
(a) Transient analysis results of the MCMG. (b) A closer view of the results.
The power of voltage sources in a MCMG.
Cancellation of the parasitic torque by the MCMG pair with an opposite phase.
The array configuration with four MCMGs as an element.
The array configuration of MCMG elements on a spacecraft.
Major parameters for the MCMG.
|Length of gimbal
|Thickness of gimbal
|Length of gimbal beam
|Width of gimbal beam
|Thickness of dioxide layer
|Length of rotor beam
|Width of rotor beam
|Thickness of rotor
|Inner diameter of pie plate
|Outer diameter of pie plate
|Length of pie plate
|Comb finger length
|Comb finger width
|Comb finger gap
|Comb finger overlap


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Cheap and Luxurious Vacations
8 Budget Destinations That Don't Feel That Way
Not everyone has an unlimited supply of money to pour into their vacation fund. Luckily, there are plenty of amazing places to see that don't cost an arm and a leg. Our friends at DailyWorth know all the best spots!
Got a travel itch but trying to stick to your budget? As it turns out, there's often an amazing (and cheaper!) alternative to the pricey destination you've been dreaming about. For a little inspiration, we turned to Jeralyn Gerba, cofounder and editorial director of the travel website Fathom, who offered up some innovative and inexpensive travel ideas. Read on for some smart swaps that will satisfy your wanderlust but set you back way less, along with her expert tips on where to stay, eat, drink, and shop in each locale.
Seeking Tahitian surf and seclusion? Try Nicaragua.
According to WaterWays Surf Adventures, Nicaragua is one of Surfline's "Best Bets" for surf travel from anywhere in the US. Gerba agrees: "Flights are cheap from the states, the rural coasts feel just as secluded as the South Seas, and there's consistent beach bum migration because of the great Pacific surf breaks — always a good sign." There's much more than surfing here, too. In addition to the dramatic Pacific coastline, Nicaragua offers up tranquil Caribbean beaches, freshwater lakes, verdant hills, and even volcanoes.
Where to stay: La Bahia Beach Hotel is a stylish, laid-back surf lodge that has a pool, a restaurant serving fresh seafood, an open-air lounge, and four breezy cabanas with king-size beds, alfresco showers, and unobstructed views of the ocean. The low-season (May 16 to Oct. 31) rate is $150 per night; the high-season (Nov. 1 to May 15) rate is $180.
Eat like you're in Paris in . . . Montreal.
There's Old World charm, beguiling accents, and plenty of gourmet items you'll wish you could smuggle through customs (foie gras! confit de canard!). Check out the city's oldest quarter, Vieux-Montréal, for the most European experience. It's full of cobble-stoned streets, museums, and restaurants. Don't miss the revitalized canal district, which you can explore by boat, on foot, or with rented bicycles. Burn off those gourmet calories by strolling through Parc du Mont-Royal, situated on the hill that gave the metropolis its name.
Where to shop: The Jean Talon Market is an open-air market where the surrounding food shops are a gourmet paradise, showcasing a vast array of locally raised meats, farm-fresh produce, artisanal chocolates, and Québécois cheeses, wines, and ciders. Have lunch here or just enjoy the plentiful food samples at the market while mingling with Montrealers.
Read on for more.
Feel like a local in Portland, OR, instead of Brooklyn.
Top-rated chefs and artisanal wares abound, all without having to pay New York City hotel prices. "The quality of artisan foods, craft goods, and design aesthetics is top notch, but the prices are wildly low," says Gerba, "Everything feels like a discovery." Browse the specialty shops of Nob Hill and the Pearl District, check out the arts and crafts at Portland Saturday Market, and treat yourself to some stellar grub in one of the country's most amazing food cities.
Where to snack and imbibe like a local: Clyde Common. Though the Portland food and drink scene has grown since this atmospheric, airy restaurant opened in 2007, locals still descend upon Clyde Common's communal wooden tables and long bar for elevated pub food and $5 happy hour craft cocktail specials, like the Bourbon Renewal (made with bourbon, lemon, cassis, and bitters).
Want wine? Tap your inner Napa in New York.
With enough wineries and views to keep you busy road-tripping for days, Central New York's Finger Lakes region rivals Napa when it comes to beautiful vistas, farm-fresh dining, and superb sips. Why so wine-friendly? Turns out the lake region's microclimate favors the cultivation of grapes. Says Gerba, "There's a bit of a culinary renaissance happening, with lots of locavore eating and drinking in a gorgeous landscape — and, of course, Riesling."
Where to drink: Ravines and Finger Lakes Distilling. Try the Ravines Dry Riesling — lauded by wine experts — along with other varietals at the Ravines Tasting Room's picturesque waterfront setting on Keuka Lake. And for just $6, you can pair a flight of wine tastes with a selection of Finger Lakes cheeses or locally made artisanal chocolates.
Love Berlin's art and architecture? Try Austin, Texas.
For great design and old building sites repurposed with creative flair, the coolest neighborhood in Texas's quirkiest city is a dream destination. Art and entrepreneurship are flourishing in East Austin, says Gerba, which is home to lots of artists, designers, and innovative businesses. Eat at Hillside Farmacy, a cool cafe where the drugstore decor nods to the building's apothecary past. Then burn off your meal two-stepping at The White Horse, a hip honky-tonk saloon with free live music and cheap Lone Star beer.
Where to shop: HELM Boots, a company whose showroom is a converted library from the late 1930s, handcrafts an artisanal line of work boots. Check out their recently opened store for gently priced unisex products and gifts that — like their stylish boots — are all made in the US.
For Miami's social scene, try Mexico City.
Save on socializing by booking a getaway to the Mexican capital, where you can live it up like the locals do in neighborhoods like Roma and La Condesa. "There are tons of cute young people, along with a lot of late-night action on the street," says Gerba. The best part? People eat and drink really, really well for not a lot of money. Trend alert: there are also loads of mezcalerias that have opened up around town, specifically serving the city's current spirit of choice — tequila's smokier sister, mezcal.
Where to eat: Contramar Lunch is a lively, extended affair in Mexico City. Book a table midday at this bustling restaurant and kick back for hour after convivial hour while you dive into incredible seafood ceviche, oysters, grilled fish, tacos, and margaritas.
Love the beaches and beats of Ibiza? Try Formentera.
For years, Ibiza has been a top destination for European club hoppers and beach bums alike. But for a better bargain — and a more relaxed atmosphere — Gerba recommends this beautiful, and much-less-crowded destination in the Balearic Islands. It's a true hippie hangout, with a low-key vibe minus all the overpriced nightclub chaos. "The beaches are long stretches of white sand. There's excellent seafood and also some great eco-resorts popping up here and there," she adds.
Where to lounge: Playa Mitjorn. It's easy to secure a secluded spot along the coves of Playa Mitjorn, the longest beach on the island — and one of the prettiest. Stroll along the beach's rocky promontories for great views, then settle onto the soft white sand and gaze out onto the still cerulean waters for the ultimate in relaxation.
Seeking enlightenment? Try an Argentinian ashram.
Intrigued by Indian ashrams, but constrained by budget? Head south instead. South American sojourns don't have to be cosmopolitan stays or cost-prohibitive adventure tours. Take a tip from Gerba and book an alternative (and cheaper) kind of trip: stay at an ashram for a spell. "You can stay for a pittance with yoga, meditation, and fresh meals on the verdant grounds," says Gerba. Bonus: this kind of retreat offers up the perfect mix of solitary soul-searching as well as bonding with a diverse group of fellow volunteers.
Where to stay: Eco Yoga Park. At this eco-conscious village located about an hour away from the hustle and bustle of Buenos Aires, volunteers take on tasks like gardening and kitchen duty alongside the monks while also learning about yoga, meditation, vegetarian cooking, and organic agriculture. And there's plenty of time to just relax in the beautiful rural setting. The low rate of $18 per night includes warm beds in rustic cottage accommodations along with all food, activities, and workshops.
— Amy Ahlberg
Check out these other smart tips from DailyWorth:
Eight Travel Apps That Will Save You Money
Insider's Guide to Luxe Stays For Less
Time Your Travel for Better Bargains


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The Ascension of Jesus into heaven is one of those strange Bible stories that Cecil B. De Mille would've enjoyed filming. Charlton Heston would play Jesus, of course. He would give the apostles some final instructions and then say with just the right touch of divine resonance, "STAY HERE IN THE CITY UNTIL YOU HAVE BEEN CLOTHED WITH POWER FROM ON HIGH." Charlton/Jesus would take the next cloud to heaven in proper cinematic flourish. I picture it as an escalator-type effect, slow and lingering but with a decided trajectory, just the right light but without the stairs. Maybe some cherubim music, but clearly within the bounds of proper taste.
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View this page in: Slovenčina
The business recovery services (BRS) practice provides advisory and insolvency services to lenders, creditors, companies and individuals who are experiencing a wide range of difficulties, from weakening performance and reduced operating profit to crisis marked by severe cash problems and the imminent threat of insolvency.
Companies often exhibit these symptoms of distress well before a crisis erupts. In many cases, a downward spiral is not inevitable. It can be arrested and reversed. Early detection and swift, decisive action are the keys to restoring performance and value. That's why timely, expert advice is critical.


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NEW YORK (AP) Don Cherry is bringing his loud mouth and louder outfits south of the border.
The outspoken former coach of the Boston Bruins, who has been a fixture on CBC's "Hockey Night In Canada' telecasts for more than 25 years, will make his U.S. broadcasting debut as part of NBC's Stanley Cup playoff telecasts, the network announced Tuesday.
"A lot of people have written that what I say up here I would never get away with it down in the States," said Cherry, the Bruins' coach from the 1974-75 season until the 1978-79 campaign. "I'll just go on and do what I have to do.
"In the States, they wanted me to go on one time in Pittsburgh. Jaromir Jagr, it was when he had long hair and he was with Mario Lemieux and I said, 'There's Mario and his daughter.' It didn't go over too good. That was my last time in the States."
Cherry will be teamed with Brett Hull, the never-shy former player who is in his first season with NBC.
"Better get some plaids," Cherry said.
Hull will also to contribute to CBC's coverage in Canada.
"He tells it like it is," Hull said of Cherry. "If they did it on a regular basis, he would be just as popular down here as he is up there. Part of the thing that's missing, not with just hockey, but in all coverage in the American sports world, is some personality. I think that's why you see a guy like Terry Bradshaw, as popular as he is.
"He's not just Mr. P.C., going, 'That was a nice catch and throw.'"
Copyright 2007 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.


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Already one of the most appealing talents among contemporary flamenco guitarists, Jesse Cook skillfully expands his discography with a spirited, satisfying recording (his fourth) that reconfirms his position as one of the elite composer/performers in the genre. Specializing in "rumba flamenco," Cook (born in Paris to Canadian parents) here embellishes his vibrant playing with well-crafted arrangements and imaginative instrumental colors, from the gypsy violin of the title track to the involving Middle Eastern mystery of "Incantation" to the fascinating mix of Arabic strings and subtle hip-hop rhythms on the disc's most distinctive piece, "On Walks the Night." Cook's playing is intricate, challenging, and rewarding, bringing expressive flair even to his subdued ballads ("Virtue," "All That Remains"). He tacks on a vocal selection near the disc's conclusion, a modest reworking of Neil Finn's "Fall at Your Feet" (Danny Wilde of the Rembrandts, close to a Finn clone, is the singer), then closes the disc with an uncredited live track, the percussion-heavy "Mario Takes a Walk." That piece, along with "Rattle and Burn," is also presented in video form as part of an enhanced-CD package. Good listening. --Terry Wood


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Transportation Satellite Accounts
Transportation Satellite Accounts
A New Way of Measuring Transportation Services in America
Data on this page are not current. Please visit this new page for the most up to date data.
|Table of Contents
|File Formats
|Entire Report
|Measuring Transportation Services
|Measures of Transportation Activities
|Conceptual Overview
|Relationship of the TSAs to the I-O Accounts
|Components of the TSAs
|TSAs Make Table
|TSAs Use Table
|TSAs Direct Requirements Table
|TSAs Industry-by-Commodity Total Requirements Table
|Methodological Overview
|Step 1 - Estimating Transportation Inputs
|Step 2 - Deriving the TSAs Make and Use Tables
|Transportation Services as a Share of GDP
|Use of Transportation Services by Industry
|Transportation Services Cost by Commodities
|The Multiplier Effect of Transportation Services
|Future Work
|List of Tables
|Table 1 - Components and Output of Transportation Services
|Table 2 - TSA Make of Commodities by Industries, 1992
|Table 3 - TSA Use of Major Commodity Groups by Major Industry Sector, 1992
|Table 4 - TSA Commodity-by-Industry Direct Requirements, 1992
|Table 5 - TSA Industry-by-Commodity Total Requirements, 1992
|Table 6 - Principal Data Sources
|Appendix of Detailed Tables
|Appendix A - Detailed Make of 100 Commodities by 100 Industries
|Appendix B - Detailed Use of Commodities by Industries
|Appendix C - Detailed Commodity-by-Industry Direct Requirements
|Appendix D - Detailed Industry-by-Commodity Total Requirements
|Compact Disc


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Carl Landry scored 17 points and the New Orleans Hornets snapped a nine-game losing streak with a 93-67 victory over the Orlando Magic on Friday night.
Marco Belinelli added 15 points and Jason Smith 14 for New Orleans, which won for only the fourth time this season against 15 losses. Jarrett Jack added 11 points and nine assists.
Dwight Howard had 28 points and 16 rebounds, but was the only player in double figures for the Magic, who appeared to be still reeling from blowing a 27-point lead in a loss to Boston a night earlier. Starting in with the third quarter against the Celtics, the Magic have now gone six straight quarters without scoring 20 points in any of them.
Orlando shot only 39 percent (24 of 61) and turned the ball over 23 times, the most by any Hornets opponent this season. New Orleans converted those turnovers into 28 points.
The Magic played most of the game without Jameer Nelson, who was limited to less than 11 minutes of action after taking a shot in the jaw in a collision with Jack as the Hornets guard drove to the hoop.
The lone bright spot for the Magic was the one player who apparently would rather play elsewhere, given the constant trade speculation surrounding Orlando's star center, who memorably wore a Superman cape while winning the 2008 All-Star dunk contest in the same arena.
Howard was 9 of 14 shooting and got to the free-throw line 17 times, although he made only 10 foul shots. The rest of his team combined to go three of four from the foul line and 15 of 47 shooting (32 percent).
The Hornets, by contrast, shot nearly 51 percent (41 of 81) and outrebounded Orlando 43-36 while turning the ball over a relatively low 13 times.
The Hornets led by 13 at halftime and then scored the first seven points of the third quarter, starting with Trevor Ariza's driving layup and ending with Belinelli's third of four 3-pointers in the game to give the Hornets a 54-34 lead.
The gap never got smaller than 14 points after that and climbed to 28 - the largest lead the Hornets have held in any game this season - on reserve DaJuan Summers' 3 late in the fourth quarter.
The Hornets took their first lead on Belinelli's 3 six minutes into the game and did not trail again. Landry's 13-foot jumper capped an 11-2 run that gave New Orleans a lead as large as nine, at 20-11, in the first quarter.
Orlando rallied back into 26-all tie in the second quarter when JJ Reddick hit his second 3, but the Hornets surged back ahead by outscoring the Magic 21-8 the rest of the period. Aminu's three-point play on a floater in the lane as he was fouled gave the Hornets a 12-point lead late in the quarter. Soon after, Okafor reached nine points with a tip-in in the closing seconds of the half that gave New Orleans a 47-34 lead at the break.


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In Reply to: RE: Dielectric Absorption posted by Duster on May 30, 2012 at 14:38:43
choice of one minute of charging and 2 seconds of shorting are arbitrary or not. But after a voltage source is removed, shouldn't there be no more EMF ( elctro motive force or voltage ) stored in the cable, wouldn't they be referring to current instead? I am probably rusty on this stuff, but it does seem to suggest that a better insulator would be important in cable construction and could be part of the break in phenomenon, but if that is what they are describing does it necessarily have anything to do with so called cable break in. I am simply trying to understand this since it often seems that higher cost cables often are advertised as having break in as an attribute of their "quality" and perhaps a justification of higher costs. Thanks for the link. Norm
Follow Ups:
"I am simply trying to understand this since it often seems that higher cost cables often are advertised as having break in as an attribute of their "quality" and perhaps a justification of higher costs."
I not sure if you either can't hear break in or your background will not allow you to. However, the presumptuous claim you're making is preposterous.
That claim is not presumptuous, but maybe a little cynical. It does seem to be de rigueur of cable companies to list break-in time for their cables though - the more exotic (read expensive), the more time required. Let's say the company suggests 80 hours: what is happening at 80 hours that isn't happening at 70 hours? Is the cable 7/8 of the way there at 70 hours or does it all happen right at 80 hours. If the company can't answer this, and merely says "trust your ears", walk away.
And then there are the cable cookers. If we want our cables broken in, doesn't it seem logical to have the cable cooker broken in as well? Do we want a signal messing with our cables that isn't true? Some may scoff at this, but keep in mind we all have our limits to what we believe. Some don't believe in cable break-in at all; some do, but consider it subtle; some believe in maybe 10 hours of break-in, but not 80; some think 80, but not 400 and on and on.
We come into these debates with preconceived notions. How much do we "believe" before we start being suspicious. Where's that point?
"That claim is not presumptuous, but maybe a little cynical."
"Little cynical", what's that? 'Preposterous' is more on point.
Try to stay on topic. What does break-in have to do with the perception of quality?
"We come into these debates with preconceived notions."
Judging from your reply, in your case an agenda.
"How much do we "believe" before we start being suspicious. Where's that point?"
Agendas aside, what other point could there possibly be?
> > > > How much do we "believe" before we start being suspicious. Where's that point?
You can always show your distrust of high end cable manufacturers with your wallet. Don't believe the claims, don't buy the product.
For every product segment there will be people who do not buy the claims of products within the segment. Wire-is-wire people are not likely to purchase after-market cables, Bits-R-Bits people are not likely to purchase expensive Dacs and indeed probably won't purchase a Dac period.
Forums like this rarely IF EVER change peoples minds, no matter how many posts and how many points and counter points are made.
You can always look at it from the perspective as being glad you don't hear a difference which enables you to spend your money on other things like music.
Dynobots Audio
Music is the Bridge between Heaven and Earth - 音楽は天国と地球のかけ橋
Edits: 05/31/12
One manufacture of cables and wire of all sorts and is one of the oldest cable manufactures here in this country,,Commented to me a strange virus of beliefs have cropped up and hyped the audio community,,making exotic claims that are not true,,Prying on the audio customer with high priced bling connectors...As a recording engineer with years of expierence older than some members here,,,I must caution the moderaters here to allow the truth to be known,,The cables and connectors are not brokin in before any recording sessions,, John Ergle one of the most respected audio recording engineers before his death commented on how bad the problem of over hype has become in the industry,,
It really does not matter at this point.
The seeds have been planted and the fruit has grown. We have passed the point of no return and perception drives sales. The best way for a consumer to protect themselves is to become educated on what concerns them the most. But even with education on the matter people will still be prone to purchase what they like or want and for any reason they choose. Note that any one of these reasons may defy logic or reason, but still it is the consumers prerogative to make the purchase.
If you feel that your knowledge and/or experience leads you to purchase standard non-Audiophile wire and you do not percieve a difference in sound between hr 1 and month 1, fine. Enjoy...
Dynobots Audio
Music is the Bridge between Heaven and Earth - 音楽は天国と地球のかけ橋
I forgot to address the orignal topic in my post, the matter of break-in. I do believe it is impossible to perceive the differences in sound that may occur over a playing period of 100 hours that may occur over days or weeks, that would result from break-in of a cable. That is my opinion and I hope it is not unreasonable to state it.
> > > > That is my opinion and I hope it is not unreasonable to state it.
I don't think its unreasonable.
I think it would be unreasonable to assume that everyone can or can't hear a difference.
Some people feel no pain relief from Tylenol, others feel pain relief every time. Still the manufacturers of Tylenol itself does not know "exactly" how Tylenol relieves pain.
Mechanism of Action
Although the exact site and mechanism of analgesic action is not clearly defined, acetaminophen appears to produce analgesia by elevation of the pain threshold.
Dynobots Audio
Music is the Bridge between Heaven and Earth - 音楽は天国と地球のかけ橋
I once didn't appreciate the effect a speaker cable was having until I *stopped* using it! LOL
It was a long time back, my cable at the time was one of those 100s of fine strands per conductor designs. I swapped it for a braided Kimber model (can't remember which, but was entry level).
Anyway I remember not being all that impressed with the Kimber and switched back to my normal cable ... only in the days following I noticed that transient attack (or speed, or whatever) wasn't what it was with the Kimber leading to a less exciting or softened presentation.
Things like that you remember ... and make you reflect on own experience when faced with claims of the shortcoming of aural memory. :)
Short�s the best position they is. Bullet in the Brain
Edits: 06/03/12
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Shouting, defying, horrible behaviour from a 3.5 years old. In desperate need of advice please. Sorry for a long post(32 Posts)
DD is 3.5 years old. For the last 2 months her behaviour has gone worse by the day. For the last 3 weeks we are having screaming tantrums lasting between 45minutes to an hours an average of twice a day sometimes even three times. It can start from a simple request to go for a wee before going to sleep or by just getting NO as an answer for something that she has asked and it was not possible for her to have. We do pick our battles although at the moment everything seems to be a battle.
We have created a chart with the house rules which we have chosen together and she participated in decorating the chart. We hoped that maybe by seeing the house rule chart that she would follow them but it has not worked. We have been confiscating toys when being warned that her behaviour is not acceptable and she could only get them back when we have family meetings and if her behaviour has been good. We have explained her which behaviour is acceptable and which one isn't so she can understand what we are talking about. We have used putting her in her room and telling her that she can leave her room once she has calmed down but this hasn't worked. We have told her that we don't like the way she talks to us and that makes us feel sad and it hasn't worked either. We have created a feeling chart where she can tell us how she feels by sticking a emotion card inside a sun, this hasn't worked either. We have also given her warnings that if she didn't change her behaviour she wouldn't watch telly.
Her behaviour in pre-school is excellent, when she is in other people's care they always say that she behaves fantastically well so it seems that all this anger is in the house only and with us.
I am separated from her dad and we live with my DP. It also seems that her behaviour with her dad is excellent and never has any of these outbursts.
When we ask her why she is doing it she always shouts that she doesn't know which it would be expected because of her age. So now the question. Does any of you know how to deal with this please? We believe that we have tried averything we know and nothing has worked. At the moment she has been screaming, shouting and crying for the last 44 minutes. I have sat with her hugging her to see if she would calm down and she kept scratching me and pinching me but didn't try to get out. I was sitting on the floor and she was sitting on my lap and I was hugging her.
DP and I are desperate for new ideas of what to do with her. We are both very angry at the moment and we dob't feel like doing anything with her. Yesterday we went to an activity so we could spend some time together doing nice things and at the end we had to come back home because she started one of her outburts.
We are at the point of thinking that we may need professional help as we are completely unable to change the situation. Any ideas much welcome. Thanks
right I've ordered it.
I did flip her across the back of the head with a wet flannel the other day, half in jest, half annoyed, because she was being so lippy at dinner time, and she burst out laughing, so then I did, and we had a very funny wet flannel fight which completely diffused the situation, so maybe this book is the answer...
it's got to be better than the continual fighting at the moment
Yes yes to Playful Parenting it is a fabulous book.
Thanks flossy. You are right it is about control.
What about when they are refusing to do something you need them to do, like brush teeth, or go to bed, etc? I give her the choice to do it herself, but if she refuses after several chances then I do it myself ( ie brush her teeth while she's resisting etc, which doesn't seem right, but I don't want to spend 2 hours waiting for her to be in the right mood). This always causes a rage, but again, I don't want to be a prisoner to her moods, and not let her get her own way.
I do try and stay calm when I do this though.
My DS is 3.5. He is adopted and quite controlling so we constantly have to take control back which more often than not is what started the tantrum. What works for us is:
I stay calm and refuse to argue. So if he's tantrumming for something i say no. He shouts. I say no again and tell him that i'm not going to argue anymore.
I don't say anything then once his shouting starts to subside i tell him to come and sit on my knee. As long as i wait until the anger has subsided, he does and i just hug him until he's back to normal.
It is quite important to let them tantrum though as that is how they learn the regulate their emotions but i know it's bloody hard. The first major one that happened left us all completely drained!!!
I can also recommend Playful Parenting book http://www.amazon.com/Playful-Parenting-Lawrence-J-Cohen/dp/0345442865/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1366903796&sr=8-1&keywords=playful+parenting
are you still having problems with your dd? Is it getting better?
I'm asking because my 3.8 dd's tantrums have escalated insanely. Anything can tip her over, mostly at the beginning and end of day. They do happen mostly when she's exhausted, but I don't know how to manage her. I've tried 'lovebombing' her (giving her love and cuddles to calm her down); sticker chart/reward schemes (but she never gets anywhere with them because she can't control herself when she's in a rage - she now gets a sticker if she manages not to smash her room up when she's in a rage!); walking away (but she runs after me and screams and holds on to my leg); and getting cross and putting her in her room. I have to hold the door shut, as she'll scream and try to pull the door off the hinges, then she strips herself, strips her bed, and smashes the room up, all the while screaming at me. I stay on the other side and tell her calmly to sit on the bed, then I'll come in, but it takes forever and I hate hearing her like this, it can't be good for her.
Conversely, I also can't give in to her rages and demands, her spitting at me in the face when I ask her to brush her teeth, or come upstairs, basic routine tasks etc.
She also wakes up at 5, and screams at us to get out of bed, nothing will calm her down.
When she smashes up her room I confiscate everything she has damaged or thrown on the floor, but it doesn't seem to bother her, she can play with an old bit of string for hours. When I confiscated her special teddy she did get extremely upset, but that just turned into a massive tantrum, although I did hold out and 'win' in the end.
It just feels like nothing I'm doing works, I feel so angry inside, and like I want to smack her, although so far I've managed to contain it.
any suggestions from your experience?
I think you are totally right Emmie, tantrums often seem to be about small things, but actually in some way they often trigger much bigger feelings about something else in the child. It's great that you could listen to your daughter and figure out what was wrong.
It's our tendency to feel a bit irritated, that our children, have tantrums about tiny things, but I think these smaller things are triggers about much bigger emotional upsets. Tantrums should be seen as a positive thing! They help our children get rid of excess stress, and frustration so that they can be better behaved the rest of the time. If we can listen with love and unconditionally, and assume there is a big reason behind the upset. Children can't always verbally explain everything, and anyway tantrums serve a much bigger need than just communication, they are a way of getting rid of stress and frustration. if we can try to be calm, love and support our children as they cry, rather than simply ignoring them, then they can cry as much as they need and restore their bodies and minds to emotional equilibrium.
Ignoring a tantrum can help it stop more quickly, but that just means a child hasn't released all the stress and frustration, and will just carry the emotional baggage around to try and release later.
DD3 here appears to be past the worst meltdown times but I have noticed that quite often when she becomes difficult I have realised that her mood and resistance has got nothing to do with the actual thing being asked of her.
For example, the other day she got a post card from her granny who lives in another country. At bedtime she was refusing to get into bed and when I lifted her she started kicking etc. I then said 'DD is upset. DD is feeling angry' (i.e. naming the emotion), to this she nodded and when I asked her to tell me why she felt upset, she eventually expressed that she wanted her granny to be here. Rather than telling her that she would not see her granny, I just said that 'DD misses her and would like to spend more time with granny' and this seemed to be enough.
Same thing when DD gets stuck with saying the same thing over and over again, e.g. asking for a certain friend to come over and play when it is not going to happen. Rather than endlessly explaining no, it is not going to happen, it has been more successful to name the emotion i.e. 'DD is feeling lonely and wishes she had someone to play with, it has been a bit boring today being sick, hasn't it?'
It is not always possible to reason with a tantrumming child but my whole point here is that there may be something else that she is finding difficult to express and that then leads to difficult behaviour, that it almost feels like they are just trying to pick a fight out of everything.
How new is the situation with separation from her dad and introducing a new partner into the family? How long has she been going to pre-school?
My DD2 is 3.8 and we are going through the same thing. Very angry rages, full blown tantrums, defiance, extreme rudeness and disrespect.
Luckily we seem to be getting through it now and it only really started improving when we got very tough and very consistent.
By tough, I definitely don't mean being angry or shouting ourselves. We just calmly imposed harsher consequences. And always, always following through.
E.g dh was getting ready to take dd1 and dd2 swimming, they were both very excited but dd2 started playing up and refusing to get in the car seat. Then started screaming and yelling when dh tried to buckle her in.
After one warning, which was ignored dh, dh got hit in the face and he just very calmly got her out of the car and took dd1 swimming without her. I stayed behind.
She was devastated.
Another time we were on the way to a birthday party and I turned the car back around and went back home.
It is very hard- but after a few similar incidences her behaviour is improving a lot.
We're actually all a lot happier and less stressed as all the negotiating, warnings, verbal battles are bring vastly reduced.
In terms of getting her to do things, like have a wee or eat her dinner. I just let them go. Or try some of the humor techniques that others have mentioned. Funnily enough since the zero tolerance on bad attitude was implemented, she has also responded better to requests.
Good luck op. It is very trying indeed and you are most definitely not alone.
I think I would keep an eye on how much attention the tantrums are getting from you. My tendency would be to not entertain them at all, as soon as one starts, put her on the sofa, go in the kitchen and pull the door to and start hoovering or something.
For me, I wouldn't be having conversations about weeing or sitting with her pinching and scratching. Be firm, be confident. It's not about negotiations, it's teaching her what's acceptable behaviour for her age.
Ds1 had a horrible phase from about 3.5-3.7 of several melt down tantrums a day and nothing seemed to work. He is now 3.10 and although we haven't got rid of tantrums completely he now has only about 1 meltdown a fortnight which is loads better.
A few things that helped:
Earlier bedtime: the tantrums coincided with him dropping his afternoon nap and I think he was just exhausted. He now goes to bed by 6-6.30pm every night and wakes between 7.30-8.30am. He also has a 'quiet time' in his room for an hour or so after lunch where he can play with his toys but must stay in his room. That time on his own often helps him to recharge his batteries even though he's not sleeping.
Pre-empting hunger: I noticed that his tantrums would escalate badly if he was hungry so I now make sure I offer a (healthy) snack mid morning/mid afternoon especially if he starts getting a bit frustrated/seems tired/lacks patience as that's when it could escalate to a tantrum.
Praising specific good behaviour: eg 'well done for holding mummy's had without being asked', 'that was kind of you to help ds2' etc. Takes a while of being consistent but he often now praises me 'well done mummy for cutting my toast up' and points out to me when he's having good behaviour.
Ignoring bad behaviour: very difficult sometimes but if you're consistent it does work. I try to look as bored and uninterested in him as possible when he's having bad behaviour.
Using 123: saying you need to do X by the time I count to 3 otherwise I will do it for you/we won't go out/relevant consequence (and following through). I usually only have to follow through 1 in 20odd times now. Surprisingly successful.
Setting clear rules/boundaries and explaining routine: I've tried to make it clear to ds1 what is accepted or 'good' behaviour in a particular situation and what is not acceptable or 'bad' behaviour. I try to talk through in advance what we're going to do and what is expected - eg today we're going to go to friend A's house this morning, you need to play nicely with A, share his toys etc, if you don't or if you hit/push etc then we will stop playing and come home. After A's house we will come home and have lunch etc' that way he knows what to expect and the consequences (good & bad) of the way he behaves. It's helped him a lot as I think it gives him some control/knowledge over what will happen.
It's a tough age though and although he's generally better now if he's ill/tired/hungry then he reverts to tantrum territory.
Hope some of that helps.
I am having similar problems with DD of the same age. I have been reading a book called 'how to talk to kids so kids will listen & listen so kids will talk'
even though dd is only 3.5 the idea in the book are really working and I feel like our family is coming back together a bit!
I think sometimes their emotions just overwhelm them and you can't do anything about. You just make sure they are safe and carry on, sort of ignoring what they are doing. DD was never a trantrummer but has started having massive screaming fits at 6 - she just works herself up into an absolute rage of screaming and stomping and shrieking. My tactic is just not to engage. With DD because she's older she has to stay upstairs while she rants and raves - you might not do this because yours is younger and you need to know she's safe. But I think you just put her in the middle of the floor and go about your business. Don't hug. Don't interact. Just be present but not engaging. It could take an hour. But she will learn she gets nothing until the storm has passed. Last night's tantrum lasted over an hour but in the end she burnt herself out and was happy as larry this morning.
And yes, she does this because she knows she's safe with you. DD was shrieking last night that she was going to chop my head off and she hates me. When she finally calmed down and we had our cuddle I told her that I heard her saying that but I knew she loved me anyway and I loved her always. That bit made her cry - I think because she knows she's safe.
Also agree with the idea of rephrasing things "who wants to help mummy put her coat on?" type thing. DS (also 3.5) gets praised for doing thigns before he's done them ("look at my good boy going to the toilet") so he's already in a good place before it escalates into a stand-off. Also don't forget to use humour to defuse situations. You can do a massive exaggeration and say "wouldn't it be funny if you never went to the toilet and all the wee came out in the bed and then ran down the stairs and into the kitchen and all over mummy's feet and out into the street and down to the town and all over the world and all the people in France were wondering what it was". It's a sort of distraction but it also defuses the situation so as they are laughing they are forgetting to get into a rage.
She might be too young for family meetings - any discussion has to be quick and simple and immediate.
I find taking things away doesn't work much. I find timeout only works if we explain why it's happening (as opposed to saying "right, time out!") keeping it brief of course.
Also is she tantrumming when tired/hungry etc?
I had terrible tantrums when I was 3. Frustration mostly. They went away when I got a bit older.
Sorry, but I think you are perhaps being a bit too formal and legalistic about all this - family meetings with a 3 year old?
I think that perhaps you just need to weather the storm for a while, until she gets a bit older and able to handle things better, just Kleinzeit had good tips about avoiding confrontation. Doesn't mean give them whatever they want, just minimising conflict.
Thanks Iggly for the advice, and I will not shoot you for it
We both know that it is not very nice to take things away but we decided to have a go at it as a last resort as we are desperate. Time out hasn't work either so we don't have much left.
We have introduce Family Meetings where we talk about how we all feel and what her behaviour is doing to us but I think she is not understanding it very well. We habe always follow Alfie Kohn (Unconditional Parenting, Punished by Rewards, etc...) and we know that techniques as confiscating toys or punishing/rewards do not have a positive outcome.
We just wanted to see if it help to improve the situation which of course it hasn't
We are open to any other advice that works .
Ok now dont shoot me but you sound very negative in your treatment of your dd - things taken away, don't do something otherwise something gets taken away etc etc.
It becomes a vicious cycle - she will react negatively to your negativity, you react negatively to hers etc etc. does that make sense?
Try flipping your approach and being positive. Praise her - specific praise that is, not generic "good girl", praise her for the things she does well. So say thank you for going to the toilet, thank you for getting dressed, that's good dressing/tidying etc etc. and she will start to copy you. It's really hard to do but it pays off.
My 3.4 year old get likes this - when I'm tired or grumpy he really picks up on it even if I think I'm hiding it well.
Also try and break the tension. So today, ds looked at me with a cross face and demanded more milk for his cereal. I said "that's a cross face" and copied it then said "you look like a duck" and we both laughed. I then asked him how do you ask for something and he asked nicely. In fact that's the approach that works 9/10 times - asking him how to ask nicely for something and he does.
Our techniques came from talking to preschool for ideas. They suggested that we have time out (not a naughty step) - basically for him to cool off. He gets a warning (specific - so say if you do x again then you gag time out). Make sure he hears the warning. If he does it again, then we tell him he's having time out for 3 mins (use an egg timer) and tell him why. Then when it's done, ask him why he has had it. If he doesn't remember or won't say, then calmly tell him why and importantly tell him what he should do next time. However dont be tempted to use it for every transgression otherwise it loses it's meaning.
Do speak to your preschool for ideas though.
Hi Hereagain99,
that does sound trying. One aspect of Hand in Hand parenting I like is that parents can exchange listening time together, to let off steam about the frustrating aspects of parenting. It's not about giving advice or finding answers from other parents, it's just about having time to say all the things that drive us crazy about parenting, so we don't take that anger and frustration out on our children. if you have a friend you can call or can set up a listening partnership through hand in hand (it's free,) then that helps enourmously)
I've found that this has given me a lot ore patience with my DD, I think when our children are crying or tantrumming, the best thing we can do is to wait it out. If we try and stop or distract then the upset behaviour will just come back at another time. So then we have wasted all that energy trying to stop them from shouting and screaming, and also have to deal with more bad behaviour in the future! But if we have the patience to listen and be there, calm and collectedly, then they'll get to the end of their tantrum and feel much better.
This is hard, which is why it's great to talk in private with another adult.
Lots of rough and tumble play can help channel the aggression in a more positive way, and in the moment of a tantrum, just physically stopping your daughter from hurting you, and trying to remain calm is the best way to deal with it.
There's a set of booklets I bought at the hand in hand store, (24 dollars) that really explains more about this approach in more detail, and can help you see how it works.
Thanks for all your replies. In a way I am glad to know that we are not the only ones and that my child isn't totally becoming something horrible
Cloudhands: I know that tantrums are good for them and that it makes them feel better but when we are having 3 tantrums a day like the ones we are having now it is difficult to remain calm all the time. Yesterday afternoon was a clear one. I asked her to go for a wee before going to bed for a nap. Straight away she began screaming that her wee wasn't coming out while hiding inside my bed and laughing. All this escalated to "mummy I need your help to go for a wee" and when I went to the toilet with her she carried on screaming that her wee wasn't coming, was all this a joke? She seemed to enjoyed it. So it really feels like she is looking for any reason to start screaming. Is this healthy and good? I am not sure anymore, not when I am sitting with her and hugging her while she is screaming and the only thing she is doing is trying to hurt me by pinching me and screatching
Thanks again to all of you
Oh, I know the answer to this one!
3.5 year olds are possessed by the devil.
Honestly. Well, not honestly. But it's a horrible age. My DD1 is an easy, compliant, delightful child, hardly ever tantrummed, terrible twos absolutely weren't, etc.
And then she hit 3.5 and nothing at all would make her behave. It was almost an out of body thing. My advice is: batten down the hatches, get through it, one day soon she'll be nearer four than 3.5 and it'll be okay again.
Hi there, did you know that tantrums are actually a very healthy way that children express frustration? They are natural normal and totally fine.
I've noticed with my DD that if I listen while she cries, and offer her closeness, comfort, staying with her, and remaining calm that when she finishes crying she is in a much better mood. Toddlers get so frustrated sometimes, and tears actually contain the stress hormone cortisol, so if you can focus on your feelings, and try to remain calm and loving, when your child kicks off, this will have remarkable improvements on her behaviour.
I found out about these ideas through [[www.handinhandparenting.org Hand in Hand Parenting]
and I've just noticed that if you subscribe to their newsletter you get a free audio podcast, all about tantrums, the link is here,
tantrum help
PPS My experience of reward charts is that they are good as habit-formers. There are some things that are just not intrinsically rewarding, like eating with your mouth shut why bother? But once youve practised taking small bites and keeping your mouth shut many times for a reward, it just becomes a habit, and it pretty much stays in place even after the reward has gone, with just the odd compliment as a reminder.
PS the point of "Yes, you can do it later (etc)" was to avoid saying "No" or "Not now" because they were so provocative. I still didn't let DS do things he shouldn't and I wouldn't say he could do something tomorrow in the hope he'd forget, because he wouldn't forget. If necessary it might have to be "yes, for a treat on your birthday". It was really a question of always using the most positive possible wording! And it really did make a difference.
When my DS was that age, I learned a gazillion ways to avoid saying no while still getting him to do what I wanted, and a million ways to avoid telling him what to do while still getting him to do it! He was a tantrum chucker too and they were like a red rag to a bull. So we had a lot of routine (so that I didnt have to keep telling him what to do, it was just what we alwyas did); a lot of when-then when youve had your wee then let's read a story (so I didnt have to say go and have a wee), a lot of Yes, we can do that (or you can have that) tomorrow/at the weekend/when the rain stops/at teatime/in five minutes or even "yes, let's have <something different from what he asked for>"; and a lot of would you like the red T shirt or the blue T shirt (giving him a choice but both options involve putting on a T shirt).
I also found Incredible Years helpful it has a big range of strategies, including how to do effective praise and rewards and how to end or fade the reward so the good behaviour stays.
Any more ideas please?
I am glad this is not an out of normal behaviour then. Does reward charts really work keely79? DP and I are considering having a go but we are still not 100% convinved. What is your experience?
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text:
- 2 cups cake flour, sifted
- 1/2 teaspoon cinnamon
- 1 cup toasted, skinned hazelnuts, finely ground
- 2 sticks (1/2 pound) unsalted butter, softened
- 3/4 cup sugar
- 1 large egg
- 1/2 teaspoon pure vanilla extract
- Finely grated zest of 1/2 lemon
- Finely grated zest of 1/2 orange
- 4 extra-large egg yolks
- 3 extra-large eggs
- 1 cup plus 1 tablespoon sugar
- 1 cup fresh lemon juice
- 1/2 cup dried lemon verbena leaves or 6 fresh lemon verbena leaves
- 1 stick plus 2 tablespoons cold unsalted butter, cut into tablespoons
- Salt
- 1 1/2 cups water
- 1 cup sugar
- 2/3 cup fresh orange juice
- 1/4 cup Cointreau or Grand Marnier
- 1/2 vanilla bean, seeds scraped
- 3 pints cape gooseberries
- 1/4 teaspoon freshly ground pepper
- Lightly sweetened whipped cream and fresh lemon verbena, for serving
In a medium bowl, stir the cake flour with the cinnamon and ground hazelnuts. In another medium bowl, using an electric mixer, beat the butter and sugar at high speed until light and fluffy, about 2 minutes. Beat in the egg, then beat in the vanilla and lemon and orange zests. Beat in the dry ingredients in 3 batches until almost incorporated. With a rubber spatula, stir the pastry until thoroughly combined. Divide the pastry in half, pat into 2 disks and wrap in plastic. Refrigerate one disk for 1 hour, until firm. Freeze the other disk for another use.
Preheat the oven to 325°. Roll out the chilled pastry between 2 sheets of heavy-duty plastic wrap to a 12-inch round. Chill until firm. Unwrap the pastry and press it into the bottom and up the side of a 10 1/2-inch fluted tart pan with a removable bottom. Refrigerate for about 15 minutes, until firm. Line the pastry with foil and fill the pan with pie weights or dried beans. Bake the pastry for about 45 minutes, until browned around the edges. Remove the foil and weights and bake the tart shell for about 25 minutes longer, until crisp on the bottom. Transfer to a rack and let cool.
In a large, heavy saucepan, whisk the egg yolks and whole eggs with the sugar, lemon juice and lemon verbena leaves. Cook over moderate heat, whisking constantly, until hot and thickened, about 5 minutes. Remove from the heat and whisk in the butter, 1 tablespoon at a time, until blended. Add a pinch of salt. Strain the curd through a sieve set over a bowl. Pour the curd into the tart shell and smooth the surface. Refrigerate until firm, about 2 hours.
In a medium saucepan, whisk together the water, sugar, orange juice, Cointreau and vanilla seeds and bring to a boil. Add the gooseberries and simmer over moderately high heat, stirring gently, until the berries are soft, about 5 minutes. Stir in the pepper and let cool to room temperature.
Cut the tart into wedges. Spoon the cape gooseberry compote around the tart. Serve with whipped cream and lemon verbena.


text:
Visitors can enjoy Miss Florence's Artist Trees, designer Fantasy Trees, and the Florence Griswold House decorated for a 1910 Christmas. Christmastime Teas, special events for families, hands-on crafts for children and adults, and wonderful items in The Shop are sure to bring holiday cheer!
The holiday season is always something to celebrate at the Museum! Visitors of all ages can enjoy the Magic of Christmas from December 1, 2016 – January 8, 2017. For over a decade, visitors from across the region have admired the painted palettes on Miss Florence's Artist Tree. Nearly 200 noted artists from across the country have donated works to this one-of-a-kind holiday icon. The idea of contemporary artists painting palettes is a nod to the Museum's history as the center for the Lyme Art Colony, and alludes to the door and wall panels the artists painted throughout Miss Florence's boardinghouse over a century ago.
The palette artists' styles and subject matter are as varied as the individuals. Oils, acrylics, watercolors, ceramics, glass, and collage are used to transform the palettes into traditional holiday scenes, delightful landscapes, and more than a few surprises!
In the historic rooms of the Florence Griswold House, visitors can see how families celebrated Christmas in 1910, as historically accurate decorations reveal homespun creativity and the use of surprising materials. The 1910 time period was an important era for the Griswold House, as it was the heyday of its use as boardinghouse for the artists of the Lyme Art Colony.


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A shake-up of the way the British Royal Family works could make it much easier for royal daughters to be crowned queen in the future.
The government wants to update Royal rules that haven't changed for hundreds of years, including one that makes the eldest son first in line to the throne.
Prime Minister Gordon Brown says female royals should have the same rights to the throne as males.
Talks about the changes are said to be ongoing with Buckingham Palace.
But getting them approved is likely to take a long time.
That's because the British monarch is also head of state for 15 other Commonwealth countries, and they would also need to support the changes.
Whatever happens, it's unlikely to make much difference in the immediate future of the British monarchy.
As both the Queen's first child and eldest son, Prince Charles will still be next in line to the throne, followed by his sons, Princes William and Harry.
Future generations
But it could impact on future generations if Prince William becomes king and has a daughter.
Under the current rules, she cannot be queen if she has a younger brother, but if the rules change she can.


text:
DETROIT (AP) — The man on trial for a failed attempt to blow up a Detroit-bound plane with a bomb in his underwear is acting as his own lawyer. But Umar Farouk Abdulmutallab (OO'-mahr fah-ROOK' ahb-DOOL'-moo-TAH'-lahb) is relying on an experienced attorney to work the courtroom.
Anthony Chambers will grill most witnesses. He's also persuaded Abdulmutallab to let him give Tuesday's opening statement.
The result is likely to be a more focused defense — not a wild justification for trying to bring down an international flight for al-Qaida on Christmas 2009.
Federal judges often appoint a lawyer as "standby counsel" to assist someone who chooses to go alone.
Observers say the court wants Abdulmutallab to have proper representation in part so no one can later claim he was given responsibility he couldn't handle.