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Copyright © 1997 Florence Hamlish Levinsohn.All rights reserved.
Part One
In his leadership of the Nation of Islam, Louis Farrakhan representsthe most recent link in a complex historic chain of almost twocenturies, though the links do not always closely resemble oneanother. He brings together strains of the "back-to-Africa" movementthat began in the early nineteenth century; strains of the Tuskegeeself-help movement that began about seventy years later, afterEmancipation; and religious movements that include various mixturesof Christianity and Islam along with the potent notion of race pride.From their earliest years in America, when most blacks still lived inslavery, despair over the conditions of black lives had burstperiodically into efforts to relieve those conditions. While slave revoltsoccasionally erupted in the South, former slaves in the North--freedslaves, escaped slaves, and those who had been born free after theirmothers had been freed--before Emancipation forged the firstorganizational links in the chain that led, after Emancipation, to theemergence of organizations that led to the creation of the Nation ofIslam and to its most recent incarnation in the leadership of LouisFarrakhan.
The first back-to-Africa movement was the effort of freedslaves. By the time of the Civil War there were nearly half a millionfree blacks in the United States (there were nearly four million slavesat the time), most of whom lived in poverty, with none of theprivileges and rights of their white neighbors. The attraction to Africawas ambivalent for many of these people, most of whom were already more thanthird-generation Americans, more American than most whites. Andthey had grown up being taught by whites that the pagan masses ofAfrica were savages, a notion described by Mark Twain in hisjournals as one of the "many humorous things in the world ... thewhite man's notion that he is less savage than the other savages."Surely Twain found it even funnier that the blacks in this country,whose origins were in Africa, often took to heart the white man'snotions. Right from the start, no doubt as a result of white influences,the back-to-Africa movement was suffused with a Christianmissionary zeal aimed at "civilizing" the savages. On the other hand,Africa was the black homeland and represented psychological comfortand security to American blacks. For an energetic and rebellious few,the choice between life in their African homelands and life as despisedand rejected citizens in the United States was clear.
Beyond ambivalence, there was also outright opposition to theback-to-Africa movement, first by the abolitionists, notably FrederickDouglass, then later, after Emancipation, by the Tuskegee self-helpmovement led by Booker T. Washington, and then by the integrationistmovement led by W. E. B. Du Bois. But in the 1920s the emigrationmovement briefly took on mass appeal, with Marcus Garvey. And inthe 1970s there was again talk of emigration to Africa. Throughoutthese years only a handful actually crossed the ocean. Even Garveyhimself never set foot on the land he considered God's.
Although most of Africa itself in the nineteenth century was slowlycoming under colonial occupation--often brutal occupation--by theEuropeans and English, it sometimes seemed more hospitable toAmerican blacks. Most of them lived under the most repressive andbrutal slave system the world had known. Even for freed blacks, lifewas harshly discriminatory. In an account of a journey to Africa in1859, entitled A Pilgrimage to My Motherland: An Account of a JourneyAmong the Egbas and Yarubas of Central Africa in 1859-1860, RobertCampbell, a Jamaican free black who was educated and lived inPhiladelphia and held a prestigious job there--one of the blackintelligentsia of the time, an early statistician--wrote, "If I am stillasked what I think of Africa for a colored man to live and do well in, Isimply answer that with as good prospects in America as colored mengenerally [have], I have determined with my wife and children, to goto Africa to live, leaving the inquirer to interpret that reply for himself."
As early as 1811 a rare wealthy free black, Paul Cuffee (whohad taken that name as a variation on an African name, Kohfee, aGhanian name), of New Bedford, Massachusetts, who had managedto acquire a small fortune in shipping, sailed one of his ships to SierraLeone on the west coast of Africa, an English colony. Before theBritish put down their colonial flag in 1796, a British abolitionist societyhad founded Freetown in Sierra Leone in 1787, a small settlement forfreed American slaves and those rescued from slave ships. So it wasto Sierra Leone that Cuffee sailed to found his "Friendly Society fromAmerica." When he returned to the States he organized a party ofemigrants, and the next year he carried, at his own expense,thirty-eight people back to start his colony in Sierra Leone. But theeffort seems to have failed, and when Cuffee returned to the UnitedStates he proposed that a black colony be established on its southerncoast.
Meanwhile among whites there had been talk since the lateseventeenth century of creating a colony in Africa for freed blacks.Some of these designs, often among abolitionists, were altruistic--toprovide a safe, nondiscriminatory haven for freed blacks and thereby toatone for slavery. But much of the talk was far from altruistic. Manydiscussions, such as those in Virginia in 1691, when the Virginialegislature passed a law requiring slaveowners to remove any freedslaves from the area, were means to rid the country of freed blacksbecause it was feared their presence might incite rebellion on theplantation. At one point, early in the eighteenth century, aftersuccessful slave revolts and a fight for independence in Haiti at theturn of the century, it was suggested that a penal colony for rebelliousslaves be established in Africa.
Such ideas drifted around until 1816, when a group of whiteliberal clergy and some freed blacks, with the support of Henry Clay,speaker of the House of Representatives, formed the AmericanSociety for Colonizing the Free People of Color in the United States,which came to be known as the American Colonization Society. TheSociety aimed to found a colony for freed blacks in Africa, based onthe American government model.
The plan appeared to be altruistic, but, according to Africa 1995,"However noble these efforts might have appeared at the time, anunderlying reason for the action might be found in Clay's own words inwhich he counseled that such colonization would 'draw ... off' freeblacks. The response by the founder of the Society, Rev. RobertFinley, was 'We shall be clear of them.'"
With great mixed motives, then, the Society petitioned Congressin 1819 to provide funds to establish a colony. After considerabledebate Congress allocated $100,000 to transport back to Africa blacksrescued from illegal slave ships and those brought over since 1808,when the U.S. slave trade had been outlawed. But no money wasallotted for the purchase of land until 1822, when, after several failedattempts by the Society to establish colonies in Sierra Leone, theUnited States paid $300 to local African chieftains for the area thatcame to be known as Liberia.
While white missionaries and politicians were debating the meritsof an African colony for freed blacks, the freed blacks were listeningand talking among themselves. Whatever the motives of the whitesmay have been, and whether the blacks knew of these mixed motives,the idea of a colony in Africa appealed strongly to small numbers offreed blacks. Thus they welcomed the government's offer. By 1830about a thousand people had settled in Liberia. In 1847 the Free andIndependent Republic of Liberia was declared, with the capital,Monrovia, named for President James Monroe. While Liberiaimmediately received diplomatic recognition from other nations, it wasonly in 1862, under Abraham Lincoln during the Civil War, that theUnited States finally recognized it. Small wonder, because in factLiberia was--and remains--the unofficial colony of the UnitedStates.
The forty or so years before the Civil War saw a steady, thoughsmall, flow of emigrants to Liberia. Eventually there were about15,000 American settlers who in some respects were not muchdifferent from other colonists who came to Africa: they largely seizedcontrol and ruled over what was then about a million indigenouspeople. Today the population exceeds 2.5 million.
In his 1974 book Marcus Garvey and the Vision of Africa, thehistorian John Henrik Clarke describes an 1852 meeting of anEmigration Convention at which one of its foremost leaders, a widelyrespected intellectual, sometimes called "the father of black nationalism,"Martin R. Delany, urged emigration to Africa to establish a colony in what isnow Nigeria. Delany said, according to Clarke, "Settle them in the landwhich is ours, and there lies with it inexhaustible resources. Let us goand possess it. We must establish a national position for ourselves andnever may we expect to be respected as men and women until wehave undertaken some fearless, bold and adventurous deeds of daring,contending against every consequence." That this educated,sophisticated, free black, himself subject to severe discrimination andvery much aware of the privations of most of his fellow blacks, hadsuch dreams of the rawest kind of colonization forces us to askwhether such ideas are bred into our nature or whether the conditionsunder which most American blacks had lived left them no alternativebut to ape their masters. Or was Delany simply naive? Did he think hecould "go and possess" a piece of Africa without harming the nativeswho lived there? Did he think those "fearless, bold and adventurousdeeds of daring, contending against every consequence" didn't includea battle to subdue the people whose land he was urging his people totake? In fact, for many years the Liberian colonists remained on thecoast, not venturing into the heavy jungles of the interior, thus notdisturbing the people who lived there. Relations between the rulingAmerican blacks and the indigenous peoples remained reasonablypeaceful. Then, early in the twentieth century, the Firestone Tire andRubber Company discovered Liberia, and the United States decidedthat the country was well situated for a variety of military operationsand communications installations. These helped the ruling Americanblacks but provided nothing for the indigenous peoples.
In the 1920s this reasonably well-settled country, thoughcompletely undeveloped, poverty-stricken, and illiterate, and ruleduneasily by the American immigrant minority at the behest of theUnited States, was thrown into turmoil by allegations that thegovernment--those freed slaves--had participated in the slavetrade. A Liberian government commission in 1929, finally investigatingthe charges, found evidence that the government had indeed beeninvolved in the widespread shipment of what was euphemisticallycalled "contract labor" to neighboring colonies ruled by whites. Thegovernment, under a new president (though still a descendant ofAmericans), survived but was generally unstable until the election in1944 of William V. S. Tubman, still another American. Tubmanintroduced important political andeconomic improvements during his long reign from 1944 to 1971, butconditions in Liberia were not notably altered. At Tubman's death in1971, his vice-president, William R. Tolbert, was named to thepresidency and then reelected in 1975. Tolbert was the first Liberianpresident to be a native of the land.
In 1979 the government was forced to announce to its very poorpopulation a rise in the price of rice, the country's staple food. Riotingfollowed. In a military coup led by native Liberians who were hostile toAmericans, Tolbert and hundreds of government officials were killed.The ensuing years were filled with government anarchy and continualstrife, both between native strongmen vying for power and betweennatives and Americans--brutal armed strife, like what was thenhappening in so many other countries in Africa. It seems that theexperience of living under brutal treatment in the United States andthen being nominally controlled by the American government for manyyears created the same kind of preparation for democratic governmentas did living under the brutal treatment of the European colonizers ofAfrica. The fulfillment of the hopes of those early freed slaves for anescape from tyranny didn't last as long as the slave trade did.
While some American blacks were forging what they believedwas the country of their salvation in Africa, many others stronglydisagreed with them. Most important among them was FrederickDouglass, the famous abolitionist leader who had escaped fromslavery in 1838 and nine years later had been enabled to buy hisfreedom. In his speeches and writings, especially his widely readabolitionist newspaper, North Star, which he published in Rochester,New York, from 1847 to 1863, Douglass continually opposed theback-to-Africa movement, insisting that it detracted from the moreimportant movement to free American slaves.
The Civil War and the promises to blacks engendered byReconstruction temporarily put an end to the back-to-Africamovement, though there were several loosely proposed plans tocreate a separate state in the United States for the freed slaves.Emancipation and then Reconstruction created such great hopes among thefreed slaves that talk of emigration to Africa was all but forgotten. Butthe end of Reconstruction in 1875 saw the destruction of those promises with awave of violence against blacks throughout the South. Semislaveeconomic arrangements for blacks were restored, and restrictive statelegislation removed the rights conferred by Emancipation andReconstruction. Gradually voting rights disappeared, total segregationwas established, and even the mildest suspicion of transgression couldlead to fierce retribution. Economic life for blacks was reduced to themost menial jobs at the lowest wages. Education, one of the greatpromises of Reconstruction, a promise valued by the former slavesalmost above all, was devastated, reduced to a shadow of its formerself, though several colleges established with help from the federalgovernment and abolitionists did survive. Now the former slaves had,just as they had before, no benefits of citizenship, but they also werewithout even the minimal protections of the slave master. They were atthe mercy of any white Southerner who chose to malign blacks in anyway. The Ku Klux Klan, which had been organized to fightReconstruction in 1866, was officially disbanded in 1869, but itsmembers continued to terrorize blacks.
As a consequence, interest in Africa began to rekindle, mainly inthe thoughts of Bishop Henry McNeal Turner, the twelfth bishop ofthe African Methodist Episcopal (AME) church, who was appointedby Lincoln in 1863 as the army's first black chaplain. Born into slaveryin Abbeville, South Carolina, in 1834, Turner had been freed becausehe was the son of an African king, but he was denied schooling underSouth Carolina laws that outlawed education for blacks. Afterstruggling secretly to gain his schooling, he was hired by a group oflocal white lawyers who took him under their wing and taught him thelaw, along with a general education. He joined the white MethodistEpiscopal church in 1851 and two years later was licensed to preach.Not long after, he withdrew from the white church to join the AMEchurch, and thereupon he served in black churches in Baltimore andWashington. In 1880 he was named bishop.
Turner was an idealistic, highly religious man who had beenreasonably well treated by whites and had entertained the belief that,with emancipation, blacks would be given a rightful place in society.Terribly disillusioned at the demise of Reconstruction, he turned his eye toAfrica to become for many years the leading advocate for theback-to-Africa movement. In 1891, with visions of creating newcolonies there, he established missions of the church in Sierra Leone,Liberia, and South Africa. But though he preached widely of theimproved quality of life to be had in Africa and was widely applaudedand loved, he was not successful in drawing many Americans into thefold. Whether because of the deep discouragement and fear left byslavery and the aftermath of Reconstruction; or whether, despite thehorrifying events that followed Reconstruction, the former slavesnurtured some faith they might yet prosper in the United States; orwhether, because they had been taught that Africa was a primitiveland they had been rescued from, Turner's urgings brought only slightsuccess. Despite the conditions in the South in the aftermath ofReconstruction, blacks hoped they might yet attain equal rights.Turner discouraged that hope. Like many others, he also believed thatAfricans were not quite civilized; his missions were more specificallydesigned to bring Christianity and "civilization" to African "savages"than were the earlier back-to-Africa movements--not exactly thekind of approach that was likely to succeed among many ordinarypeople.
Despite the wholesale depreciation of Africa by whites, andthough not many blacks actually went to Africa, blacks neverthelessheld a strong identification with those lands, both as homelands and, ascolonization took root, home to fellow sufferers from white oppression.Almost all of Africa lay under the rule of Europeans--oftencruel--which contributed further to a reluctance to emigrate. Manyof the black intelligentsia worked for the freeing of the Africancolonies. A variety of societies were formed to this end, and in 1900W. E. B. Du Bois led an American delegation to the firstPan-African Congress in London to "start a movement lookingforward to securing of all African races living in civilized countriestheir full rights and to promote their business interests," and "to act asa forum of protest against the aggression of the white colonizers." Nota very forceful document, this aims statement was designed to attractthe attention and support of the white liberals of the Western world.On the other hand, it was the public pronouncement of a weak,powerless group that expressed a great deal of courage and optimism.
There now arrived on the American scene a man who opposed allthoughts of emigration or even of active resistance to the powers ofwhite domination and discrimination. In response to the horrors of racehatred and persecution, he organized an anti-anti-movement. Born aslave in about 1858 in Virginia, Booker T. Washington founded hisTuskegee Institute in Tuskegee, Alabama, in 1881. There he urgedblacks to turn their energies inward, toward themselves, towardcreating for themselves some safety and security in America byperfecting manual skills they could sell to the white man or turn intotheir own profitable businesses. Thrift, patience, and industrial trainingwere the answer to the black's problems, he said. Learn atrade--become a skilled plumber, carpenter, millhand, housekeeper,dressmaker; become efficient farmers and workers to qualify in thewhite-owned business world. The Tuskegee Institute was designed toteach a wide variety of skills, from homemaking to farming.Washington was urging, in effect, a temporary second-class place inAmerican society, the best that he believed could be attained for manyyears to come.
"No race that has anything to contribute to the markets of theworld is long in any degree ostracized," he told an audience containingsome blacks but mostly whites in a speech at the opening of the 1895Atlanta Exposition. "It is important and right that all privileges of thelaw be ours, but it is vastly more important that we be prepared for theexercise of these privileges. The opportunity to earn a dollar in afactory just now is worth infinitely more than the opportunity to spenda dollar in an opera house." The honor of addressing such a celebratedevent, so unexpectedly given to a black, to speak at a huge city galathat attracted officials from all over the country, was won byWashington after many similar speeches in the fourteen years since hehad founded Tuskegee. He was the supreme gift to the whiteestablishment: the black leader who urged his followers to accept theiroffering gratefully.
Africa was, in Washington's mind, a foolish dream. One shoulddream, certainly, but right now it was more important to make one'sway in the world. For that one must always recognize that one mustprove his good judgment, and his disciplined ways, and hisaccomplished skills, and his undivided loyalty, so that the white manwill extend to him the rights of citizenship. Reading Washington'sautobiography, Up from Slavery, one sees that Washington sincerelybelieved his prescription would eventually pay off for blacks whofollowed him.
Ironically Washington was able to establish Tuskegee Institute in1881 because the blacks in Macon County, in which Tuskegee waslocated, still had the vote and were able to use it to extract state moneyto start the school. They exchanged their vote in 1880 for a formerConfederate colonel, W. F. Foster, running for the state legislature onthe Democratic ticket, mostly shunned by blacks, for a promise fromhim to push for a state appropriation to open a school for blacks in thecounty. Foster won, Tuskegee was established. It wasn't long beforesuch bargaining was denied the rest of Southern blacks as they lostthe vote in the white backlash against Reconstruction. In line with histheory that blacks could regain the vote only by catering to whites,Washington urged his followers to ignore voting rights. Still, at the turnof the century he himself appealed to state legislatures to revise theirconstitutions to give the vote equally to educated blacks and whiteswhile denying it to all illiterates.
Washington's 1901 autobiography betrays his wholesaledependence on the kindness of whites to provide political opportunitiesfor blacks. He says, "I think ... that the opportunity to freely exercisesuch political right will not come in any large degree through outside orartificial forcing, but will be accorded to the Negro by the Southernwhite people themselves, and that they will protect him in the exerciseof those rights. Just as soon as the South gets over the old feeling thatit is being forced by 'foreigners,' or 'aliens,' to do something which itdoes not want to do, I believe that the change in the direction that Ihave indicated is going to begin." There were, in fact, at the turn of thecentury when he wrote this book, not even vague signs that suchchanges were likely. It is difficult to decide whether Washingtonuttered such statements because he believed them or in order toplacate whites, which was true of many of his public utterances.
In his Atlanta Exposition speech, he said the words that wouldendear him to the white leadership of the nation and forever after betaken to characterize his views: "In all things purely social we canbe as separate as the five fingers, and yet one as the hand in all thingsessential to mutual progress." That Exposition speech, according to hisown account, made him a hero among whites in America. It enabledhim to raise money to support several branches of the Tuskegee Institute andto expand and improve the facilities of the main campus. The whiteestablishment adopted him as a great leader. He dined with presidents.And after initial resistance to his ideas by blacks who felt the trade-offof civil and political rights and higher education for economic securitywasn't worth it, he found a good deal of acceptance among blacks andfor many years was recognized as the major leader of blacks and afriend to whites.
Although Washington publicly continued to assert the benefits ofsecond-class citizenship until his death in 1915, there is evidence thathis views over the years became more complex. He helped fund theintegrationist W. E. B. Du Bois's research and helped obtain librariesfor several black liberal arts colleges. In his later years he apparentlychanged his mind about the efficacy of agitation over questions ofsocial equality, and he secretly filed lawsuits against segregatedfacilities and against discriminatory behavior.
Yet Washington was never a favorite of the black intelligentsia. In1903, in The Souls of Black Folk, W. E. B. Du Bois made clear his angerat Washington for advocating the submission of blacks to second-classcitizenship. "... It is utterly impossible, under modern competitivemethods, for workingmen and property-owners to defend their rightand exist without the right of suffrage," Du Bois wrote. "He ... counselsa silent submission to civic inferiority such as is bound to sapthe manhood of any race in the long run." Despite such harsh criticismfrom black intellectuals, Washington remained a moving force,establishing branches of Tuskegee and speaking widely until he died in1915. His reputation persisted more or less intact until the 1950s, whenSouthern blacks rejected what was sometimes called "gradualism," theheart of Washington's credo, and turned to a variety of direct tactics toattain their civil and political rights. But in the North, as early as the1920s, there were some blacks for whom American civil and politicalrights were unimportant. What was important was the ability to build aseparate black world.


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Ryan's Pub to close in Regent Square; neighboring Istanbul Sofra to open new concept there
Longtime bar will make way for sister location of Turkish restaurant near the corner of Forbes and Braddock avenues.
Restaurants these days promise plenty of things. They promise to be sustainable, to deliver your pizza in nanoseconds. They promise that their entrees are gluten- or meat-free. But no restaurant promises quite what Kavsar -- possibly the city's first Uzbek restaurant -- does.
"Kavsar is a paradise river where the water is crystal-clear. Moreover, it is whiter than milk and colder than ice ... Everybody who plunges into this river will never be thirsty and will always be healthy," reads the website. "We try to save this magic and relaxed atmosphere in our restaurant ..."
First of all, if the Uzbeks think bathing in sub-freezing water is relaxing, they're some tough people. And second, if you're fearful that a trip to the restaurant will be like plunging into a body of water "colder than ice," fear not. The dining room was perfectly pleasant.
If not a bath in an icy river, what does Kavsar offer? Well, for one, probably your first taste of Uzbek food, a cuisine with undercurrents of Russian influence, not surprising given Uzbekistan was formerly part of the U.S.S.R. (Borscht is an offering on the menu.)
My Mount Washingtonian friend Amanda accompanied me on a trip to the restaurant, a few hair-raising hairpin turns off East Sycamore Street on Southern Avenue. Once you get there, you'll climb even higher to its second-story dining room, a brightly lit space with chair covers reminiscent of a hotel ballroom.
A television played popular dance-y Uzbek music videos. A keyboard, guitar and microphone were set up in one corner, where a man briefly strummed some tunes and sang along to background music, serenading his sole pair of customers. It was strange, yes, but also endearing.
The service was not exactly swift, but our waiter was sweet and smile-y. She recommended starting with the Kavsar salad ($8.99), a mix of shredded chicken, boiled eggs, "canned sweet corn" and small sliced pickles. The mixture was tossed together and bathed in mayonnaise. If you're a mayo-phobe, this dish is probably not for you. And the milky appearance of the dish even caused me to cringe a bit. But it was oddly delicious and decently balanced with the pickles. (The white vinegar on the table lent more tartness to break up the mayo-heavy creaminess).
My favorite dish was among the starters -- the Julien in pancake bags ($5.99). "Pancake bags" is a less-than-flattering name for what ended up being a fairly elegant presentation of blintz-like crepes stuffed with a mixture of sliced beef and mushrooms in a cream sauce. They were twisted at the top dumpling-like and sprinkled with fresh dill.
Dill made another appearance in the Okroshka ($6.99), a cold soup made of a tart, milky-white broth (perhaps inspired by that Kavsar River) with cucumbers, boiled eggs and sliced beef. Once I got past the intense layer of sliced scallions -- which covered the dish -- it was quite good.
The entrees impressed less. My Uzbek Palov ($7.99) was a dish of nicely spiced rice and delicious roasted carrots with dry slices of beef on top. Amanda complained of the same with the Nuhot Shurak ($7.49), which appeared to be roughly the same preparation of beef but with chickpeas.
Dessert, though, was redemption. The homemade honey cake ($4.50), a special that day, was a heavenly preparation of a dense but flaky pastry layered with cream and honey.
If you're searching for the feeling you get plunging in to an ice-cold river, the Allegheny in December might be a better option. But Kavsar does deliver on its promise of "reasonable prices, rich assortment of dishes, cozy atmosphere," as its website claims. There are few dishes that cost more than $10, and it's an awesome opportunity to sample a little-exposed cuisine.
Kavsar is at 16 Southern Ave., Mount Washington; 412-488-8709 and www.kavsar.us.
Moriah Balingit: email@example.com. Munch: email@example.com or on Twitter @PGMunch. Become a Facebook Friend of Munch at www.facebook.com/munchPG.
Hot Topic
Longtime bar will make way for sister location of Turkish restaurant near the corner of Forbes and Braddock avenues.
Homestead spot has upscale ambition minus a stuffy atmosphere.
How about making a rice-and-corn pudding or a cornmeal cake with corn kernels and raisins.
Washington's Whiskey Rebellion Fest begins; Imbibe North Side and Pittsburgh Libations Week kickoff party follow.
The Food Network chef will be visiting Press Bistro on Thursday.
Fresh veggies pair with garlicky pork for an easy, summery rice bowl.

subset: commoncrawl


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Tag Archives: Fitz Hugh Lane
This is what Gloucester looks like at the WHITE HOUSE and CITY HALL: it's all local!
Cat Ryan submits-
There's a magnificent permanent art collection displayed throughout Gloucester's City Hall, its public buildings and many outdoor locations. In an effort to promote, encourage and share current local art and artists with the public, Mayor Romeo Theken showcases a wide variety of media on temporary loan throughout the Mayor's office. I took some photos back in February. She requested that buoys painted by our local youth at Art Haven be featured in Kyrouz Auditorium, along with the 'Downtown Quilt', the 13th panel from the Gloucester Neighborhood Quilt Project. These quilts are made by residents creating art with Juni Van Dyke, the Art Program Director Gloucester Council on Aging at Rose Baker Senior Center. (Twelve panels were prominently displayed for the 2014 Inauguration for former Mayor, Honorable Carolyn Kirk.)
Donna Ardizzoni, business owner, GMG contributor https://ardizzoniphotography.wordpress.com/about-2/
Ana Connoli, photograph, Gloucester from Port. Hill
Phil Cusumano, painting, http://www.philcusumanoart.com/
Tina Greel, statue, https://www.facebook.com/tina.greel
Jennifer Johnson, photograph
Ken Knowles, painting, http://www.kenknowlesfineart.com/ken_final/home.html
Marty Luster, photograph, GMG contributor
Bridget Matthews, photograph
Sam Nigro, painted oar, http://www.gloucestertimes.com/news/local_news/talk-of-the-times-gloucester-man-grows-a-squash-for/article_76b0f29b-1e05-527f-b676-889ee7768aa9.html
Shelly Nugent, photograph
Eileen Patten Oliver, painting, http://eileenpattenoliver.com/ and here https://goodmorninggloucester.wordpress.com/2015/03/03/14-works-by-eileen-patten-oliver-at-island-art-and-hobby/
Premier Imprints, tea tray, http://www.premier-imprints.com/
Louise Welch, photograph City Hall
The local art on display had me thinking about the collection at the 'People's House' for our Nation: what's the best art inside the White House? No matter what is your artistic preference, Gloucester and the Commonwealth of Massachusetts could top the charts as the City and state with the best and most art ties featured at the White House. Let's break down a selection of that Massachusetts list currently on display at the White House room-by-room, shall we?
In the Oval Office:
Not one, but two Edward Hopper paintings, lent by the Whitney Museum of American Art, are installed one over the other, Cobb's Barns, South Truro and Burly Cobb's House, South Truro. There are more than 100 Edward Hopper works inspired by Gloucester, MA. The Childe Hassam's painting, Avenue in the Rain, and Norman Rockwell's painting, Statue of Liberty, remain on view.
In the Blue Room:
Fitz Hugh Lane's Boston Harbor gifted by Lew Wasserman
In the East Room:
Gilbert Stuart's Washington, John Singer Sargent's Roosevelt
In the Green Room:
Sargent's Mosquito Net, John Marin's Circus, George Peter Alexander Healy's painting of Adams and Polk and Louisa Adams by Stuart
In the Red room:
Martin Johnson Heade's Sunrise, Bricher's Castle Rock Nahant, more portraits by Stuart and Healy
In the State Dining room:
Healy's portrait of Lincoln
In the Ground floor corridor:
Healy's Millard Fillmore portrait, Thomas Ball Daniel Webster sculpture, a craftsman chair attributed to Samuel MacIntire, and Charles Hopkinson's portrait of Calvin Coolidge
In the private quarters:
William Glackens Pavilion at Gloucester, and two Maurice Prendergast's paintings, Boston Harbor and Revere Beach
More examples in the collection and in storage such as: Augustus Saint-Gaudens bronze bust of Lincoln, John Henry Twachtman's oil painting, Captain Bickford's Float; Henry Hobart Nichols painting, Gloucester Dock; and Worthington Whittredge oil painting, Thatcher's Island off Rockport, MA.
Several artists are represented by more than one piece. How does the White House collection work? It is unusual for the White House to accept art by living artists. There are more than 450 works of art in the permanent collection. New art enters the collection after its vetted and is restricted to works created at least 25 years prior to the date of acquisition. For the public rooms, the Office of the Curator works with the White House advisory committee, the First Lady serves as the Honorary Chair, and the White House Historical Association. The private rooms are the domain of the First Family. Works of art from collectors, museums, and galleries can be requested for temporary loans and are returned at the end of the President's final term. The Obamas have selected contemporary art, including abstract art, from the permanent collection, and borrowed work for their private quarters. Besides the Hopper paintings and John Alston's Martin Luther King sculpture, they've selected art by *Anni Albers, *Josef Albers, Edgar Degas, Jasper Johns, Louise Nevelson, *Robert Rauschenberg, Edward Ruscha, and *Alma Thomas. * indicates works that have been donated to the permanent collection. The Obama Administration upgraded the website so that anyone unable to visit in person can have open access. I encourage visits to the website https://www.whitehouse.gov/about/inside-white-house/art. I love the diverse rooms and all the interconnected doors such as the splendid Green Room installation with the Marin and the Jacob Lawrence activating the threshold.
My gratitude to Chris Pantano, Office of the Mayor, Gloucester, MA, and the Office of the First Lady and the White House Office of the Curator for various courtesies shown to me while I prepared this entry.
ART EVERYWHERE . American Artists on billboards opens TODAY interactive map
Cat Ryan submits-
Hi Joey
Art Everywhere Billboards opens across the country today. Here's a link to the interactive map of locations http://arteverywhereus.org/Map
For GLOUCESTER, MA there's a mash up poster for the entire Art Everywhere exhibit, rather than a single image. You can see it at 551-553 Washington Street Gloucester. Look for Homer's Breezing Up on the 93 expressway by Dorchester.
The Fitz Hugh Lane's Boston Harbor is in two locations, one near Westborough, the other one along 495 near Wrentham/Plainview/Foxbourough.
Salem State College has the Hassam. Boston is the location of the Heade Giant Magnolias.
Fitz Hugh Lane (1804 – 1865) – Painter and Name Changer
Nathaniel Rogers Lane / Fitz Henry Lane / Fitz Hugh Lane
He is buried at Oak Grove Cemetery in the Stevens' Family plot. (more information at Cape Ann Museum)
Bridget a new comer to Gloucester introduces Fitz Park to visitors from Ireland.


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text: [Federal Register: November 1, 2005 (Volume 70, Number 210)] [Notices] [Page 65904-65905] From the Federal Register Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov] [DOCID:fr01no05-60] ----------------------------------------------------------------------- DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Food and Drug Administration [Docket No. 2005N-0426] Agency Information Collection Activities; Proposed Collection; Comment Request; Notice of Participation AGENCY: Food and Drug Administration, HHS. ACTION: Notice. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- SUMMARY: The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is announcing an opportunity for public comment on the proposed collection of certain information by the agency. Under the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 (the PRA), Federal agencies are required to publish notice in the Federal Register concerning each proposed collection of information, including each proposed extension of an existing collection of information, and to allow 60 days for public comment in response to the notice. This notice solicits comments on reporting requirements for filing a notice of participation with FDA. DATES: Submit written or electronic comments on the collection of information by January 3, 2006. ADDRESSES: Submit electronic comments on the collection of information to: http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/leaving.cgi?from=leavingFR.html&log=linklog&to=http://www.fda.gov/dockets/ecomments. Submit written comments on the collection of information to the Division of Dockets Management (HFA-305), Food and Drug Administration, 5630 Fishers Lane, rm. 1061, Rockville, MD 20852. All comments should be identified with the docket number found in brackets in the heading of this document. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Jonna Capezzuto, Office of Management Programs (HFA-250), Food and Drug Administration, 5600 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20857, 301-827-4659. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Under the PRA (44 U.S.C. 3501-3520), Federal agencies must obtain approval from the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) for each collection of information they conduct or sponsor. ``Collection of information'' is defined in 44 U.S.C. 3502(3) and 5 CFR 1320.3(c) and includes agency requests or requirements that members of the public submit reports, keep records, or provide information to a third party. Section 3506(c)(2)(A) of the PRA (44 U.S.C. 3506(c)(2)(A)) requires Federal agencies to provide a 60-day notice in the Federal Register concerning each proposed collection of information, including each proposed extension of an existing collection of information, before submitting the collection to OMB for approval. To comply with this requirement, FDA is publishing notice of the proposed collection of information set forth in this document. With respect to the following collection of information, FDA invites comments on these topics: (1) Whether the proposed collection of information is necessary for the proper performance of FDA's functions, including whether the information will have practical utility; (2) the accuracy of FDA's estimate of the burden of the proposed collection of information, including the validity of the methodology and assumptions used; (3) ways to enhance the quality, utility, and clarity of the information to be collected; and (4) ways to minimize the burden of the collection of information on respondents, including through the use of automated collection techniques, when appropriate, and other forms of information technology. Notice of Participation--21 CFR 12.45 (OMB Control Number 0910-0191)-- Extension Section 12.45 (21 CFR 12.45) issued under section 701 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 371), sets forth the format and procedures for any interested person to file a petition to participate in a formal evidentiary hearing, either personally or through a representative. Section 12.45 requires that any person filing a notice of participation, state their specific interest in the proceedings, including the specific issues of fact about which the person desires to be heard. This section also requires that the notice include a statement that the person will present testimony at the hearing and will comply with specific requirements in Sec. 12.85. Or, in the case of a hearing before a Public Board of Inquiry (21 CFR 13.25), concerning disclosure of data and information by participants. In accordance with Sec. 12.45(e) the presiding officer may omit a participant's appearance. The presiding officer and other participants will use the collected information in a hearing to identify specific interests to be presented. This preliminary information serves to expedite the prehearing conference and commits participation. The respondents are individuals or households, State or local governments, not for profit institutions, and [[Page 65905]] businesses, or other for profit groups and institutions. FDA estimates the burden of this collection of information as follows: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Annual Frequency 21 CFR Section No. of Respondents per Response Total Annual Responses Hours per Response Total Hours -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 12.45 264 1 264 3 792 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\ There are no capital costs or operating and maintenance costs associated with this collection of information. Dated: October 26, 2005. Jeffrey Shuren, Assistant Commissioner for Policy. [FR Doc. 05-21774 Filed 10-31-05; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 4160-01-S


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Pastoral service collaboratives unveiled at regional meetings
BRAINTREE -- As part of a three-phase consultation process, the Archdiocesan Pastoral Planning Commission (APPC) began releasing lists of proposed groupings for parish collaboration on their website last month following meetings with priests in each of the five regions of the archdiocese.
As meetings to discuss groupings completed, the APPC posted the proposed Pastoral Service Team (PST) groupings online.
Facing declining Mass attendance and a shrinking number of priests, in December the APPC proposed a new structure for meeting the needs of parishes called a Pastoral Service Team (PST). Led by one pastor, a group of priests, deacons and lay ecclesial ministers the PST would provide pastoral services to multiple parishes. Under the plan, each parish in the collaborative group will maintain its separate identity and control of its own assets.
The APCC posted the proposed groupings for the South Region on Jan. 18, the North Region on Jan. 19, the Central Region on Jan. 20, the West Region on Jan. 23, and the Merrimack Region on Jan. 24, according to their office.
In an interview, Msgr. William Fay, APPC co-chair and pastor of St. Columbkille Parish in Brighton, stressed the importance that the plan will unfold in three consultative phases with a major focus on the APPC receiving feedback on each proposal.


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Cheney Cruises The Snake River
Did you know Dick Cheney can smile? A picture of the Vice President cracking a smirk while "fly fishing" was posted on sportsshooter.com and it has more hits than Mariah Carey — about 130,000 as of last night, according to Google. But it isn't his pearly whites that people are interested in, it's what appears to be a naked lady reflected in his sunglasses. His spokeswoman Meagan Mitchell claims he was cruising on the Snake River (no joke) and added, "Clearly the picture shows a hand casting a rod." No comment! [McClatchyDC.com]


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Sue Paterno married Penn State coach Joe Paterno in 1962. They met in the late 1950s in the school library, when she was a freshman at Penn State and Paterno was an assistant coach for the Nittany Lions.AP photo
Penn State football coach Joe Paterno is embraced by his wife, Sue, following Penn State's victory over Texas in the Cotton Bowl in Dallas on Jan 1, 1972. The Lions routed the Longhorns 30-6.AP file photo
STATE COLLEGE — Here's the story behind Joe Paterno's rolled-up pants: Back in the late '60s, his wife, Sue, suggested he raise the cuffs so mud wouldn't get on his wool slacks while coaching.
That was no longer a worry once JoePa switched to his trademark khakis. "Then it became superstitious," she said. "I don't care if he rolls them up or not, I can just throw them in the washer."
Sue Paterno's influence at Penn State goes far beyond her famous husband's wardrobe.
She has served as a tutor to players, a host for recruiting gatherings, a counselor to concerned parents — and as a prodigious fundraiser, though for more than athletics.
She is the coach's ultimate sounding board — they have been married 47 years, after all — though football isn't her best topic.
"What I know about football," she said, repeating a question during a recent interview with The Associated Press at the family home, waving her hand over her head. "I know offsides in football, and I think I know pass interference."
Leave the X's and O's to JoePa, the iconic Hall of Fame coach entering another milestone year at Penn State — his 60th season at the university: An assistant for 16 seasons and 44 as head coach.
He often doesn't deliver over-the-top praise about his Nittany Lions, but he glows about his 69-year-old wife.
"I think people don't realize how much she's done for this place," Paterno, 82, said in a separate interview at his office. "I've said many times that they won't have any problems replacing me, but if they can find a coach's wife like Sue, they'll hit the jackpot."
For all the touted players that he's lured through the years, his biggest recruit is Sue.
They met at the library during her freshman year. The former Suzanne Pohland, of Latrobe, Pa., was the English literature honors student buried in research; Joseph Vincent Paterno was the assistant football coach who checked players in and out of study hall — a seemingly perfect fit for a man who once planned on going to law school after graduating from Brown University.
Was it love at first sight?
"No, he was telling me to keep studying," she said. "I said, 'Fine, mister, mister, mister.' It took awhile."
They were married in 1962, the year she graduated from Penn State.
And yes, Joe did most of the pursuing.
"Yeah, I was being recruited. I didn't know it," she said.
Sue Paterno taught 10th- and 11th-graders one fall at Bellefonte High School, just north of State College, before leaving after getting pregnant. Diana, the oldest of five children, was born in 1963.
Her family, she said, is her proudest accomplishment.
Her husband took over as head coach in 1966. The job required long hours at home and on the road, so she focused on providing stability for the children.
"I probably have the most invested in that, and they always come first," she said at her spotless kitchen table. "They were willing to take a back seat sometimes when people are in the house."
Feeling guilty that he did not spend enough time with his children when they were younger, Joe Paterno tried to rush home at least once a week for a family dinner.
His wife, though, said after one occasion that he was too stressed and that he didn't leave work at the office. So Sue suggested that he take a 15-minute walk home, instead of driving, to decompress.
"Sure enough, when I started to walk home after a lousy practice, by the time I got home, I calmed down," Joe Paterno said. "I think we've had as good a family life as you can have, and that's thanks to Sue."
Outside of family, Sue Paterno has played mentor to players as an English tutor. Through the years, some have come to the house for lessons, other times she goes to the team's study hall.
Some players had been told while being recruited that they couldn't attend Penn State unless they worked with her.
Former tight end Troy Drayton considers Sue Paterno one of his most influential mentors. Drayton left Penn State in 1993 after getting drafted to the NFL, but never finished his degree until last year — fulfilling a promise he made to Sue Paterno. The head coach told Drayton to come to the house after his graduation ceremony.
"When I first walked in the door, she said, 'Let me see your graduation diploma,"' Drayton recalled during a phone interview from Florida, where he now lives. "She was more excited than I was."
The Paternos have lived in the same modest ranch home in a quiet State College neighborhood for 40 years. There is no fence around the front yard and no gates guard the driveway — though there is a golden door knocker in the shape of a lion's head on the front door.
The doting grandparents have adorned the interior of their home with numerous family pictures, including ones of their 17 grandchildren. One recent day, 10-year-old grandson Robert had just arrived to do chores.
Bowl trips can especially be hectic. With much of the family in tow, the Paternos don't mind that their grandchildren shuffle in and out of their hotel room.
"The cookies and candy are in our room," Sue Paterno said.
Regular-season football weekends can be busy, with the Paternos' home a hub of activity. During official recruiting weekends or donor visits, guests have often been treated to her delicious desserts.
Son Jay Paterno, the Penn State quarterbacks coach, said that while his mother has always been interested in charitable causes, she has devoted more time to them since her children left home.
Documents released earlier this year by the university showed Paterno made $1.03 million in 2008 in university salary and bonuses.
The Paternos have contributed more than $4 million to the university during his tenure, including $3.5 million in 1998 to endow faculty positions and scholarships, and support two building projects.
A campus library is named after the family, not the football building or athletic facility. Sue Paterno still works closely with the library to help raise money.
She champions Special Olympics, helping to organize the Pennsylvania summer games each June on the Penn State campus. This June, they pledged $1 million to help build a new wing at Mount Nittany Medical Center in State College.
"Even when we were kids, there was a sense that she wanted us to understand that there's more to life than football, and more to life than what was in front of you," said Jay Paterno, whose full name is Joseph Jr.
She's a fairly recognizable figure in State College, though she attracts far more attention when she's with her husband. The couple don't go out as much anymore because of that extra attention. Strangers sometimes knock on their front door to talk with the coach or to get an autograph and Sue Paterno bemoans the loss of privacy through the years.
As for THE most popular question about her husband, Sue Paterno is quick to respond that she doesn't know when he'll retire. Joe Paterno just signed a three-year extension in December that ended — for now — speculation about how much longer he would coach.
"You know, I don't ask other people, 'How long are you going to teach or how long are you going to be a produce manager?"' she said. "The blogs have had him retired 15 times by now ... so you know, life goes on. If he wants to retire, that's fine with me. If he doesn't want to, that's fine with me."
One of Sue Paterno's most frequently used phrases is that she "adapts" to situations, whether it's the pain she's endured from her four back surgeries; her son David's recovery from a near-fatal trampoline accident as a child; or her husband's recent recovery from hip surgery.
And she said she'll adapt to whatever happens five or 10 years down the road. The English tutor turned to a book analogy to explain her philosophy.
"I'll turn the page each time," she said. "I don't look far ahead. Who knows? Life can change in an instant."


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The Liposonix website demonstrates its use on the abdomen. But is there anyone (in Europe) using it "off-label" on the thighs and hips, flanks, etc?
Can Liposonix Be Used on the Thighs?
Doctor Answers 7
Can Liposonix Be Used on the Thighs:
Yes, Liposonix can be used anywhere there is at least 1 inch of fat that can be pinched. The FDA studies were done on the abdomen and flanks, but that does not mean that those are the only areas that can be treated. I have treated thighs with excellent results.
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Can Liposonix Be Used on the Thighs?
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Liposonix treatable areas
Learn more: http://www.advanceddermatologypc.com/plastic/liposonix.html
Liposonix has been used on several areas of the body in Europe and Canada
The device has just launched in the US and can be used on areas where there is more than 1 inch to pinch (of fat). Your dermatologist can examine you to see if you are a good candidate for this non-surgica fat reduction treatment.
We have treated the thighs on many patients..that is, the outer thighs, the back of the thighs, and the front of the thighs of people who were born with an extra layer of subcutaneous fat on their thighs..what the patient tends to call "tree trunk legs". The most common request is for treatment of the outer thighs at the top..that is, the area that give one's figure a pear shape. One warning, however, Liposonix should not be used on the upper inner thighs. Upper inner thigh treatment may be seen on videos on You Tube...these videos are not from the United States. Upper inner thigh treatment may cause nerve damage to the nerves in this area...so do not get Liposonix treatment in the upper inner thigh/groin area.
Liposonix FDA approved for abdomen and flanks but can be used off-label on other body parts
As of Dec. 2011, I'm one of the first U.S. centers to offer the Liposonix, the first FDA approved fat melting device. It is FDA approved on the abdomen and flanks but has been used off-label on many other parts of the body. It uses high-intensity focused ultrasound to cause lysis or destruction of the fat cells. There is no other device that can make this claim in the U.S. It is nonsurgical liposuction, a revolutionary technologic breakthrough. It is not a replacement for liposuction because you cannot remove the high volumes of fat possible thru liposuction but you can get about an inch reduction (2.5 cm) in fat per treatment per area. It has been used on thighs, buttocks, hips, flanks, back. It can be extremely painful in the inner thighs if there's not enough fat--adjustments can be made with settings and number of passes to treat that area. There are many treatment techniques that can be applied towards treating off-label regions and that's where the skill level and experience of the surgeon is extremely important.
These answers are for educational purposes and should not be relied upon as a substitute for medical advice you may receive from your physician. If you have a medical emergency, please call 911. These answers do not constitute or initiate a patient/doctor relationship.


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Jennifer Lawrence and Bradley Cooper co-star in the film "Silver Linings Playbook." While gearing up for their roles, the two had to partake in hours of grueling dance lessons with choreographer Mandy Moore.
Posts Tagged: Bradley Cooper
Bradley Cooper Covers Esquire's December Issue (Photo Gallery)
His "Sexiest Man Alive" crown might have been taken away this week, but Bradley Cooper isn't letting it bring him down. Instead, the actor posed for the cover of Esquire's December 2012 issue.
Celebs.com's Spotlight Shines on This Week's Major Stories- Michael Jackson's House, Kristen Stewart, Bradley Cooper + More (Video)
This week on the Celebs.com Spotlight we feature our exclusive Celebs.com interview with Silver Linings Playbook's Bradley Cooper! We've also got the inside look into Kristen Stewart's new house, Michael Jackson's final chateau-home and more!
Jennifer Lawrence is Elle's December Cover Girl (Photo Gallery)
Jennifer Lawrence looks absolutely lovely inside the pages of Elle magazine's December issue.
Bradley Cooper talks Jennifer Lawrence & 'Hangover 3′ at AFI Fest – a Celebs.com Original Interview
Celebs.com's Simone Boyce caught up with Bradley Cooper at the AFI Fest Hollywood screening for his latest film 'Silver Linings Playbook.' Directed by David O. Russell, the film (co-starring The Hunger Games' Jennifer Lawrence and Robert DeNiro, is already receiving Oscar buzz.
Celebs.com Junk Drawer: Zooey Deschanel, Robert Pattinson and Mariah Carey
This edition of the Celebs.com Junk Drawer roundup features stories about Zooey Deschanel, Robert Pattinson and Mariah Carey.


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Prince of Peace Lutheran Church in Covina is taking a trip down Penny Lane in its quest to upgrade to solar panels.
The parish has recruited Abbey Road, a Beatles tribute band, for an evening of great music to benefit the parish hall on April 27 at 7:30 p.m. With $30,000 raised so far, the event is hoped to bring in the last $10,000 needed for the panels.
"I don't know of any other churches in Covina that have solar panels," said church the Rev. Thom Johnson, who also teaches at Claremont School of Theology.
The panels are intended to offset the church's high electricity bills.
"During the summer, it averaged almost $2,000 dollars a month," said Johnson. "We had to do something to really address that. It was really taking away from our ministry. So I did a lot of research on it in order to find a company working with churches."
Solar Solutions Co. in San Dimas is guaranteeing their panels for 25 years.
"We're really excited about going this route to not only save money, but also to go green," said Johnson.
Once the panels are installed, Bishop Dean Nelson of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of America plans to come out on May 5 to dedicate them. People are welcome to come out and join the Mexican potluck.
The roughly 120-person parish is a close-knit community, so support is not lacking - and not just in monetary donations.
"I recently had surgery," said Sheryl Woodbury of West Covina, who's been a member of the congregation for about 14 years. "I got more than 25 get-well cards from this church. I got phone calls; it really helped."
When Woodbury's former church closed down years ago, she tried Prince of Peace Lutheran.
"I just fell in love with it," she said. "We're like a big family. We have a church motto `End your search for a friendly church,' and it's really true."
La Verne resident Jay Justus, president of the congregation, has had a similar experience.
"My wife and I celebrated our 70th birthdays in October," said Justus. "We celebrated it at the hall, and the church just got behind us and supported us. We had about 175 people there."
The Lutheran theology preached at the church is supported by a Christian attitude, according to Justus.
"I would say what brought us to the church was not only the philosophy, but the people," he said. "They're very caring - it's like another family. That's the way we all feel."
The fundraising concert starts at 7 p.m. and includes snacks. Tickets will be sold at the door for for $50, although no one will be turned away for lack of funds.
"Our goal is to to sell about 200 tickets," said Johnson. "Then we'll be in good shape. The band is really good entertainment for all ages."
The group will perform a two-part set to give listeners an idea of what the world's most famous pop group looked and sounded like up close.
"A lot of younger kids today are discovering The Beatles, so it's kind of a good generational event," said Johnson.
The young imitators and musicians said they are happy to play the gig.
"We hope everyone takes the opportunity to come out and we're looking forward to playing for them," said Axel Clarke, who will pound the skins as the "Ringo" of the group.
The first set will include early Beatles songs and the second half showcases material from The Beatles' landmark "Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band" album.
"I was absolutely amazed at how they had it down," said Johnson. "They do a lot of interactions with each other, they stay in character."
Tickets can be purchased at the door the day of the concert at Peace Hall, 1359 E. Covina Blvd., Covina, or at the church office from 10 a.m. to 3 p.m. Tuesdays or Thursdays.
For more information on the concert, the church or hall rental, call the office at 626-331-6566.


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IA-NE-PIONEERTRAILS-L ArchivesArchiver > IA-NE-PIONEERTRAILS > 2000-10 > 0972846840
From: Sandy Wilbur <>
Subject: Re: Wagon trains from Iowa
Date: Sun, 29 Oct 2000 11:14:00 -0800
Ed Bassler asked me if I had any info on the trails bringing people to
IA and NE from the east. Here are two references you may find interesting.
Sandy Wilbur
R. D. Peterson (1975), History of New London, Iowa. New London Journal
(New London, IA).
Pp.22,23,25,26 - how various families got to Iowa - Roberts' family
by boat down the Ohio and up the Mississippi to Burlington; Wilfords
built a raft, floated down the Kentucky River to the Ohio, on the Ohio
to Louisville, then took a steamboat to St. Louis; Burges came from Ohio
by wagon; Andrews family came from OH by wagon to St. Louis, then by
river steamboat to Carthage, Illinois.
Page 26 - How did the pioneers reach Iowa? As we have noted,
families came by wagon or by boat. Rivers provided an easier way than
coming by land. Many of the early settlers of New London came down the
Ohio River, then up the Mississippi, or by sea to New Orleans and then
up the Mississippi by river boat.
The rapids about Keokuk would explain why so many of the early
settlers in the New London area came as far as Keokuk by river boat and
then crossed Lee County by wagon. At first there was no road to link
Lowell with the infant village of New London. Lowells trail to the
north followed the river up to the village of Baltimore.
C. Hixon (1970), Migration trails. Hawkeye Heritage 5(3):107-110
This is a discussion of how early settlers got to and from Iowa.
Charlene Hixon developed the article from comments made at a 1969
genealogy workshop by Lida Greene, Librarian, Dept. of History and
Archives, Des Moines, IA.
At the close of the Black Hawk War in 1832, with the signing of a treaty
between the U. S. Government and the Sauk and Fox Indians, Iowa was open
to settlement by Europeans. The open area, the Black Hawk Purchase, was
a strip of land west from the Mississippi River for about 50 miles. No
settlers were allowed to cross the Mississippi until 1 Jun 1833. Iowa
became a territory on 4 Jul 1838, and achieved statehood 28 Dec 1846.
Early routes to Iowa -
(1) Via the Great Lakes to Green Bay, WI, across a portage to the Fox
River, down the Fox to the Mississippi; alternate route was to
Milwaukee, across to the Wisconsin River, and down to the Mississippi.
(2) Ohio River from Wheeling, WV, or other embarkation points, by
flatboat down stream to the Mississippi, then back upstream to Iowa.
(3) Up the Mississippi River by packet boat from New Orleans. "For
the 1850's on, there was continuous packet service from Dubuque to New
Orleans, then to New York and on to Europe -- both ways."
(4) Cumberland Road, from Fort Cumberland in MD; into PA on
Braddock's Trail; into Philadelphia and on to Pittsburgh; to Wheeling;
across southern OH to Indianapolis; to mid-Illinois, where settlers
headed west to IA as the Cumberland Road dipped down to St. Louis.
Between 1833 and 1836, only 3 known ferries across the Mississippi into
IA - at Dubuque, Buffalo (near present day Clinton), and at Burlington..
Early trails across Iowa -
(1) Chemin des Voyageurs, route of the fur traders - began at the
mouth of the Wisconsin River, across WI, and to the Sioux Rivers -
well-marked trade route between trappers and Sioux tribes.
(2) Early military (Dragoon) road from Fort Crawford (Prairie du
Chien, WI) to Dubuque to Iowa City and into the Keosauqua area; across
MO to Fort Leavenworth.
(3) Military road from Burlington to Agency, Indian Territory (now
Wapello Co.).
(4) Mormon Trace established 1846, used extensively through 1852 -
crossed the Mississippi near Montrose (across from Nauvoo, IL), across
southern IA via Farmington, Bonaparte, Richardson's Point (Davis Co.),
Chariton River (Appanoose Co.), Locust Creek (Wayne Co.), Garden Grove,
Mt. Pisgah, Campbell's Grove, and Kanesville (now Council Bluffs).
(5) Gold Rush routes -
-[note: supplies were often sent down the Mississippi and up the
Missouri to St. Joseph, while the goldseekers went overland] Fredonia
(Louisa Co.), Brighton (Washington Co.), Iowaville, Collins Ferry across
the Chariton, Gay's Mill on the Grand River in MO, Rochester, and St. Joseph.
-Council Bluffs route: Iowa City, Trading House (25 miles west),
Snooks's grove (24 miles), Newton, Fort Des Moin es, Brown's Ford, Happy
Grove, Marvin's Grove, Tucker's Grove, etc., to either Kanesville or
Trader's Point (near Nebraska City).
Edwin J Bassler wrote:
> Sandy-
> Do you have any information as to the trails which were used by those going
> to Iowa and Nebraska from the east, e.g. Pennsylvania, in the period
> 1870-1880.
> Ed
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: "Sandy Wilbur" <>
> To: <>
> Sent: Wednesday, October 25, 2000 10:52 PM
> Subject: Wagon trains from Iowa
> > Some of you may be interested in the several pages on my website that
> > relate to wagon trains from Iowa to California and Oregon in 1849, 1852
> > and 1853. The pages can be accessed through\
> >
> > http://www.netcom.com/~symbios/wagntrn.html
> >
> > Sandy Wilbur
> > Gresham, OR
> >
> >
> > ==============================
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|Re: Wagon trains from Iowa by Sandy Wilbur <>


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We were unable to find results for "just cavalli coral reef print l s jersey dress coral"
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LONDON (AP) A sergeant who was seen apparently hitting a female demonstrator during the G-20 protest in London has been suspended, police said Wednesday.
Video posted on YouTube appeared to show an officer swiping at the woman with his hand, then apparently hitting her on the legs with a baton. Associated Press photographs appear to show the same officer removing his baton and striking the lower part of her body.
London police said Wednesday the officer had been identified and suspended pending further investigation, but they declined to release details. Britain's police watchdog, the Independent Police Complaints Commission, said it would investigate but could offer no comment as it had not yet formally opened the case.
The photos and video were shot April 2 in front of the Bank of England. Demonstrators gathered there in protest at the death of Ian Tomlinson, a 47-year-old man who collapsed after being caught up in the protests the day before. Separate video appeared to show Tomlinson being shoved to the ground by an officer in riot gear.
That officer has already been suspended.
Copyright 2009 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.
Guidelines: You share in the USA TODAY community, so please keep your comments smart and civil. Don't attack other readers personally, and keep your language decent. Use the "Report Abuse" button to make a difference. Read more.


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6) COMMUNITY: About the Forum & Gallery
What's the SP-Studio Community?
The "Community" is the official SP-Studio message board with a big image gallery where you can connect with other fans. You can access it through the main menu. Register a nickname for free! As a registered member you can:
- Talk with other fans about your pictures or anything else in the Forum
- Suggest and discuss ideas for updates in the Wish Voting Gallery
- Take part in the monthly picture contests in the Contest Gallery
- Those of you who score high in contests win their Personal Gallery
- And if you make the first place you even win a free wish for a SP-Studio update!
How do the Contests work?
Each month there is a new SP-Studio picture contest about a defined topic. You can find the current and finished contests in the Contest Gallery. From the 1st to the 20th of the month registered members can upload pictures to the current contest album. After that all approved pictures appear in the gallery and every member can rate them with 1-5 stars. You can alos write comments. During the vote the names of the artists are hidden. The best rated pictures win and enter the Hall of Fame.
- Of course the picture must be created at sp-studio.de and fit the topic of the current contest.
- No editing with additional software! No effects, color change, zooming. Just SP-Studio pictures.
- You are allowed to rotate the picture or to use the PNG file format instead of JPG.
- Add a fitting English title & description (optional). You can link to reference pictures. No text like "VOTE!!!".
- If you upload more than one picture for a contest the newest counts and the others are deleted.
- When the voting starts registered members can rate the pictures (1-5 stars) until the end of the month.
- Vote fair! Do not manipulate results by telling friends to give you 5 stars and others 1 star. I will ban you for this.
- 1st place: Make a wish for a new SP-Studio item and I will draw and include it.
- 1st to 5th place: You win your own User Gallery to easily share your pictures with the community.
- Janina's Choice: If there are many entries I might pick one additional person, if I think he/she deserves a user gallery.


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Santa Cruz de Tenerife, March 2016.- The Gran Hotel Bahía del Duque (www.bahia-duque.com), company owned by the Grupo CIO (www.cio-company.com), has opened a new dining space under the name "SUA" (fire in Basque), specialized in Basque cuisine and where the grill and smoked aromas are ever present.
This singular opening is associated with the unique flavours of Basque cuisine, where the prominence in the kitchen is disputed between Atlantic Cod, suckling pig, Navarra peppers and different cuts of meat. SUA, which is led by the Chef Lucas Ordóñez and his team trained in some of the best restaurants of Vitoria and Tolosa, are committed to artisanal proposals presenting as their star dish the T-bone steak, imported from Vitoria and which coexists with the beef Carpaccio or the deboned rack of lamb, where Ordoñez's team works to ensure that the protagonism of each dish is centred around the speciality of the ingredients.
As noted by the Guest Experience Director of the Gran Hotel Bahía del Duque, Raúl de la Rosa, "its decoration evokes the concepts that Ordóñez transmits in his dishes, typical of a Basque grill, using materials such as wood, natural leather or the hydraulic floors" and where all of these fall into a fusion which combines a current trendy space with traditional elements rescued from antique shops.
On his part, the General Manager of the Gran Hotel Bahía del Duque, Saad Azzam acknowledges that "cuisine has always been one of the most attractive points of the Hotel, but we want to enhance our image as a international centre of gastronomy, one of our goals is to become a benchmark of fine dining and impeccable service".
Open 19:00 h to 23:00 h
It is open to those not staying in the Hotel under prior reservations
Reservations phone: +34 922 74 69 32


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sorry David...meant to send this to the list
-----Original Message-----
From: Barber, Patrick (MCI)
Sent: 09 March 2004 13:55
To: 'David Rodgers'
Subject: IP120 (was Disk-On-Chip?)
Now I am getting frustrated other people mentioning running m0n0 on an
IP120, what did you do to get it working? Please look at my email to list
Please help...
-----Original Message-----
From: David Rodgers [mailto:david dot rodgers at kdsi dot net]
Sent: 08 March 2004 18:39
To: Phill R Kenoyer
Cc: m0n0wall at lists dot m0n0 dot ch
Subject: Re: [m0n0wall] Disk-On-Chip?
Ahh ... ok ... the diskonchip units that I have seen just look like a
black plastic lump that plugs right into
an ide channel.
You may also want to hit ebay and look for a nokia ip120 before you
invest in a soekris box.
I won an ip120 for $56US
they are functionally equivalent to a soekris 4801
Pentium class 266 cpu
128mb memory
3 ethernet ports
and they come with a 10 gig hard drive
In mine I replaced the hard drive with one of these
The one I am using is only 64 megabytes though and I got it for $5US
David Rodgers
On Mar 8, 2004, at 10:02 AM, Phill R Kenoyer wrote:
> But this diskonchip is soldered onto a mini-computer. This thing
> doesn't even have a serial port on it. I guess I'll just have to
> replace it with a Soekris dual radio setup and scrap this Net Nimble
> system. I don't see being able to do anything without having some
> other equipment to plug into it.
> On Mar 8, 2004, at 6:31 AM, David Rodgers wrote:
>> Yes ... it is functionally no different than setting it up with a cf
>> card and an ide adapter. Just plug the diskonchip into a additional
>> ide
>> interface then boot the machine and use dd to copy the image to the
>> /dev/hde(or whatever ide channel you chose)
>> The diskonchip devices are pretty cool and really cheap on ebay these
>> days. The first time I saw them was at a trade show. MicroTiK was
>> selling their router software flashed onto them.
>> http://www.microtik.com/
>> David Rodgers
>> On Mon, 2004-03-08 at 00:23, Phill R Kenoyer wrote:
>>> Has anyone installed m0n0wall on a system that uses Disk-on-chip?
>>> I have two Net Nimble WRIP systems that I would love to replace the
>>> software with m0n0wall. Net Nimble's software is very limited and
>>> uses
>>> old drivers and such. It's very proprietary. The biggest problem I
>>> have, it comes with no documentation at all. I just have to guess at
>>> what I'm doing. If I could rewind, I would not have bought them.
>>> If anyone has any information on how to get m0n0wall onto a
>>> Disk-on-chip type system, please email me.
>>> Thanks!
>>> System info:
>>> Cyrix 486DX4
>>> 16MB? HDD (15872 blocks)
To unsubscribe, e-mail: m0n0wall dash unsubscribe at lists dot m0n0 dot ch
For additional commands, e-mail: m0n0wall dash help at lists dot m0n0 dot ch


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Simple charms shine bright in "A Kodachrome Christmas"
Cable access channels all over the country are pretty much the same – a place for the ax grinders, the desperate, the deluded and the naive.
But if you channel surf enough you might get lucky and stumble across Earlene Hoople, the Queen of Rural Media, who, Wednesday night, started taping her annual Christmas special for the Early Risers show she hosts on Channel 17.
Because it's public access, Earlene will continue taping it until the end of the month at Next Act Theatre, and if you want to be on the nice (and not naughty) list, it might be a good idea to stop in and be part of the live audience she needs for her show.
Earlene is a doll. She is everything that cable access should be. She's a little mixed up. She makes mistakes and laughs them off. She gets people in her audience to help decorate Hot Santa Christmas Cookies and gets other audience members to become an impromptu bell choir.
Her show doesn't have all the glitz and glamor of the big network shows, but it's got something the other shows don't have.
They don't have Earlene.
Earlene is Milwaukee's own John McGivern who, with Pat Hazell, created "A Kodachrome Christmas" as a gift of laughter for all of Milwaukee.
Serious and nose-in-the-air theater-goers might scoff at this, but if you've got a heart and a sense of humor, watching McGivern work his own special brand of magic fills the stocking hanging next to your fireplace.
This show is a string of laughs that had a fairly good-sized opening-night crowd in stitches from beginning to end. And that's what a comedy is about. Make me laugh.
And McGivern really knows how to do that. His timing is impeccable. He can do more with the crook of an eyebrow or the blink of a false eyelash than a lot of people can do with an entire body.
The show starts when Earlene talks about her sister's top-secret recipe for stuffing the Christmas turkey.
"She puts a cup of unpopped popcorn in that bird, and when the popcorn blows the butt off that bird you know it's ready to eat."
That's about as risque as Earlene gets. She knows that the funniest stuff in the world is the ordinary stuff. An apron that says "Cutting the Cheese Puts Me at Ease." A commercial for Wisconsin's only regional airline, "Dairy Air." A Christmas wreath for servicemen made out of those little green army guys we all played with as kids.
It's simple stuff.
"I went into a bookstore to buy a book for a Christmas gift. I asked the clerk if she could gift wrap it for me. She looked at me and said, 'What do you want to do? Kill a tree?' (A long pause and a look aside) We're in a bookstore. This is a cemetery for trees."
The show that Earlene is taping is the first Christmas special since the death of her husband, Ray, who she calls her "big angel." She misses him terribly, but she shrugs her shoulders and just keeps on talking to the camera. Her show must always go on. She is a cable access star and she knows it.
McGivern is a master of two very simple anatomical things. First, he knows where the funny bone is. And secondly, he knows where the heartstrings are. And he can play both of them with equal skill.
A word that you don't often use around a comedian is dignity. But John McGivern is a dignified man and he brings that sense of dignity to his comedy. He doesn't pander. He doesn't go for the cheap. He never sells either himself or the audience short. He knows we are going on a ride together that might have some bumps along the way and he wants it to be both fun and safe.
McGivern winds us up like a toy soldier; we are just about limp with laughter and then, at the end, he gives us not just Earlene's humor, but her slightly broken heart. And he leaves us with the message that family is the one place you can go to heal. Even if, as she puts it, "the people you love the most are the ones you want to spend the least time with."
Earlene Hoople is someone we should all spend a little time with this Christmas. She gives us a lot of laughs and some sniffles too.
More years ago than either of us care to remember, McGivern and I did a play together. He was funny then, but one thing I didn't notice until he came out in a simple charcoal gray A-line skirt Wednesday night.
On top of everything else Earlene has going for her, she has a great pair of legs.
"A Kodachrome Christmas" runs through Dec. 31 at Next Act Theatre. Information and tickets are available at their website.
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Stock Ownership, Political Beliefs, and Party Identification from the "Ownership Society" to the Financial Meltdown
In this paper we investigate the link between stock ownership, political beliefs, and party identification. Stock ownership significantly increased the likelihood of voters identifying with the Republican Party between 2000 and 2004 – a period when that party offered tax cuts and proposed an overhaul of Social Security which directly appealed to shareholders. Yet in the period leading up to the 2008 election, the financial crisis cast doubt on the idea that a Republican administration would best represent stockholder interests. We find that while there was a small backlash, stockholders largely remained committed to the party in high numbers. But these effects vary depending on the ideological orientation of stockholders: In 2004, those stockowners with the most ideologically conflicted views were most receptive to recruitment by the Republican Party, and stock ownership continued to increase Republicanism among those in 2008 who were more ideologically liberal on economic issues. These results suggest that party identification may be less about pure economic interests than about identity, especially for those whose ideological beliefs do not map cleanly onto the liberal/conservative continuum, and that psychological mechanisms such as cognitive dissonance and identity conflict are important drivers of political behavior.
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Volume (Year): 2 (2012)
Issue (Month): 2 (June)
Pages: 1-30
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References listed on IDEAS
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- Kinder, Donald R. & Kiewiet, D. Roderick, 1981. "Sociotropic Politics: The American Case," British Journal of Political Science, Cambridge University Press, vol. 11(02), pages 129-161, April.
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Premalatha, (1995) C++ programming conventions. Technical Report. National Aerospace Laboratories, Bangalore, India.Full text available as:
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Download (692Kb)
This document describes some of the C++ programming conventions that may be followed while developing software that particularly emphasize on the object oriented programming aspects. An attempt is made to justify the need for following the conventions as laid down in this document. Also, each aspects as the software quality and technology are briefly discussed.
|Item Type:
|Proj.Doc/Technical Report (Technical Report)
|Uncontrolled Keywords:
|C++;Object oriented programming;Programming conventions;Code quality;Software development
|MATHEMATICAL AND COMPUTER SCIENCES > Computer Programming and Software
|Computational and Theoretical Fluid Dynamics Division
|Depositing User:
|Smt Bhagya Rekha KA
|Date Deposited:
|15 May 2006
|Last Modified:
|12 Jun 2013 11:00
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