text:
15 May 2012
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In ColdFusion 10, we have added support for creating and publishing REST services. You can now make the ColdFusion components available as REST services so that various clients can access them. REST stands for Representational State Transfer. It is an architectural style based on web standards and HTTP protocol. The idea here is to use HTTP protocol instead of complex mechanisms such as CORBA, RPC, or SOAP to connect between the machines. In fact, you can imagine the World Wide Web, which is based on HTTP, as a REST-based architecture.
A REST-based application follows some architectural principles:
POST and
DELETE . In ColdFusion, you can access the resources (functions) via HTTP; each of these resources supports HTTP verbs. Depending on the verb specified in the request, the corresponding resource is invoked.
In ColdFusion 10, we have added new attributes to help you create a REST service to the following ColdFusion tags:
cfcomponent ,
cffunction , and
cfargument . Once you create a component and register it with the Administrator, you can access it via a HTTP request.
As mentioned above, the methods in a CFC are the resources and you can invoke them using an HTTP request. To mark a component as a REST service, you use the new attributes
rest and
restpath . The attribute
rest is a boolean attribute; when you set it as
true , it specifies the component as a REST service. This is an optional attribute if you specify the
restpath attribute in the
cfcomponent tag. If you do not specify the
restpath attribute, ColdFusion uses the path to the CFC in the URI to invoke the service.
We have added new attributes to the cffunction tag to handle REST requests. The new attributes are:
httpmethod ,
produces ,
consumes and
restpath .
Use the
httpmethod attribute to specify the type of request the function handles. The possible values are GET, POST, PUT, DELETE, HEAD and OPTIONS. For example, let's say there are two methods defined in the CFC: method1 and method2, each of which with their
httpmethod attribute set to GET and POST respectively. ColdFusion would invoke method1 if it received a GET request; ColdFusion would invoke method2 if it received a POST request sent on the same URI matching the
restpath attribute value.
produces attribute specifies the format or the content-type of the response. It can be any valid mime-type such as text/plain, text/html, application/json, application/xml, and so forth. You can send complex data types in ColdFusion such as
struct ,
array ,
query and
objects of a component to the client in either JSON or XML format.
consumes attribute specifies content-type of request body, which the method processes. If a method specifies
application/x-www-form-urlencoded in the
consumes attribute, ColdFusion will process only the request with a request body with
content-type application/x-www-form-urlencoded .
You must specify the
restpath attribute at the function level and also in the URI when accessing the REST service. You can also specify this attribute to specify a template value, for example
{customerId} . Here, you can specify the data that you need to pass to the method in the URI itself (see
PathParams below), which copies the same to
methods argument.
We added attributes to the
cfargument tag as well:
restargsource and
restargname . You can pass data in many ways to a REST service. The arguments of a method must know from where to extract the values from the request. Specifying the
restargsource attribute in the
cfargument tag extracts the data from the request; the attribute can contain one of the following values:
HEADER , and
COOKIE (see the section, Passing data to a REST service, below).
This is shown in the following code example:
<!--- component with attributes rest and restpath --->
<cfcomponent rest="true"
<!--- handle GET request (httpmethod),
take argument in restpath(restpath={customerID}),
return query data in json format(produces=text/json) --->
<cffunction name="getHandlerJSON"
<cfargument name="customerID"
<cfset myQuery = queryNew("id,name",
[[1, "Sagar"], [2, "Ganatra"]])>
<cfquery dbtype="query"
select * from myQuery where id = #arguments.customerID#
<cfreturn resultQuery>
The component above contains the
restpath attribute specified at both component (
crudService ) and at the function (
{customerID} ) level. The component includes a function
getHandlerJSON to handle a
GET request, as specified in the
httpmethod attribute. The component specifies the value
{customerID} at the function level, to indicate that the URI will contain a value that is then copied to the argument
customerID. Notice that the name of the argument is same as the one specified in curly braces in
restpath .
The function returns query data (
returnType ) and then serializes the data to JSON format (
produces ). ColdFusion serializes all complex types to either JSON or XML format (see the section, Returning Complex types from a REST Service).
Once you create a REST service you must register in the ColdFusion Administrator. You can register the directory containing the REST service in one of the ways mentioned below:
When registering a directory containing REST-enabled CFCs, you must specify a service mapping identifying the set of CFCs in the directory. You can specify the service mapping explicitly to identify the CFCs or the name used in the Application in the Application.cfc file (see the section on Application.cfc settings for more details).
You can use the Administrator to register a directory containing REST-enabled CFCs in the REST Services section under Data & Services in ColdFusion Administrator console.
Specify the Root path and Service Mapping for the directory containing a set of REST enabled CFCs. Service mapping is an optional field, if there is an Application.cfc file present in the directory. In this case, use the the Application name to identify the REST services in the directory. Use service mapping or the name of the Application in the URI to access the REST request.
It is also possible to mark the REST application as a default application by selecting the option Set as default application. In doing so, you omit the need to specify the service mapping or the application name in the URI. However, you can mark only one application on the server as a default application.
By selecting the Add Service button, you register the directory in the ColdFusion Administrator. If there are any compilation errors in any of the CFCs, ColdFusion displays an error message and the registration of the REST application fails (in other words, if
this.restsettings.skipCFCWithError=false in the Application.cfc file).
You can use functions defined in CFIDE.adminapi.extensions CFC to manage a REST application. These functions are:
registerRESTService(rootPath, [service mapping]): This function registers the REST application. The
rootPath specifies the directory containing REST-enabled CFCs. Optionally the
service mapping for the REST application can also be specified.
getRESTServices() : This function returns an array of REST services registered with the ColdFusion Administrator.
deleteRESTService(rootPath) : This function deletes the specified REST application registered with ColdFusion Administrator.
refreshRESTService(rootPath): If you make any changes to the REST-enabled CFCs, you can refresh the registered application by calling this function.
restInitApplication method:
The above methods described how you can register a REST application in ColdFusion Administrator using the Admin API and Administrator console. Both of these require Administrator privileges to register an application. You can also register a REST application by calling the method
restInitApplication and it doesn't require Administrator privileges. The syntax is as follows:
If you have already registered the application with the Administrator, a call to
restInitApplication refreshes the REST service.
It is also possible to delete the REST service by calling the
restDeleteApplication function. The syntax is as follows:
There are a couple of variables introduced in
Application.cfc that are REST specific. These are
this.restsettings.cfclocation and
this.restsettings.skipCFCWithError . If you have a list of directories containing REST-enabled CFCs, you can specify the same in the variable
this.restsettings.cfclocation . At the time of registration, ColdFusion will scan the specified directories and its subdirectories for REST-enabled CFCs before deploying them. If any CFC contains compilation errors, ColdFusion throws an error and registration fails. To tackle this situation, we have provided another variable
this.restsettings.skipCFCWithError . When you set this variable to true, ColdFusion skips the CFCs with compilation errors. ColdFusion deploys only those without any compilation errors.
For example:
<cfset this.name="restappcfc">
<cfset this.restsettings.cfclocation = "./cfcdir1,./cfcdir2">
<cfset this.restsettings.skipcfcwitherror = true>
You can access a RESTful web service by using HTTP or HTTPS. The URL to access a REST service in ColdFusion uses the following format:
http://servername:port/context_path_j2ee/ rest/rest_application_name_or_serverMapping/restpath_or_componentPath/additionalrestPaths/params_ifany/
The following list explains the properties you can set in your URL:
context_path_j2ee is applicable only if you have installed ColdFusion as J2EE on any of the Application servers. In that case the context path is cfusion (by default). However, this can be omitted on a ColdFusion Server Stand-alone installation.
rest in the URL specifies that the request is for a REST service. ColdFusion has a servlet mapping for the same and would direct the request to the servlet that handles REST service. If there is a directory in the server webroot with the same name, you must update the servlet mapping in web.xml file inside wwwroot\WEB-INF directory. Also, you must update the same mapping in the
uriworkermap.properties file located under the config\wsconfig\1 of the server directory.
restpath for the component. However, if you have not specified the
restpath in the
cfcomponent tag, ColdFusion will use the path to the CFC in the URL.
In this example, you can access the function getHandlerJSON using the cfhttp tag, as follows:
<cfhttp url="http://localhost:8500/rest/restapp/crudService/1" result="restResult" method="GET"/>
Here restapp is the application name defined in the Application.cfc file. The [crudService] in the path is the restpath specified in the
cfcomponent tag and the number [1] in the path is the argument you are passing to the REST service.
There are various ways in that you can pass data to a REST service. The
cfargument tag has a new attribute
restargsource , which has the following values:
path ,
query ,
matrix ,
form ,
cookie and
header .
Here you can pass arguments to a REST service by specifying the same in the URL path. The URL may look like the following:
Here, the URL passes two values,
CF and
Zeus as an argument to the REST service. The function defined as a REST service in the CFC will have two arguments; the function's
restpath would have two parameters:
restPath = {product}/{codeName}
The function arguments are the same as the one specified in the
restPath, in other words, the two arguments are
product and
codeName . ColdFusion copies the values
CF and
Zeus to these parameters.
Query parameters are the most common way to pass data to a REST service by specifying the parameters in URL after question mark (?). The URL would look like the following:
Unlike path parameters, you specify the name of the argument in the URL, separating the arguments with an ampersand (&). You do not need to define the
restpath attribute in the function to handle this service since you pass the argument as a query parameter in the URL. Likewise, change the
restargsource value to
query .
Similar to query parameters, in a matrix parameter, you must pass the arguments to a REST service by specifying same information in the URL, separating arguments with a semicolon(;). Therefore the URL would look like the following:
Observe that there is no question mark (?) used in the URL. Instead, matrix parameters use a semicolon. Here the function providing the REST service must have the argument restargsource set to matrix.
In the case of
Cookie and Header parameters, ColdFusion sends the data through HTTP request. While sending a REST service request, you can include your information by specifying it in the chttpparam tag. In cases where the variable name contains a hyphen (-), let's say the request header may contain variable
fname-lname . On the server side, the argument name cannot be
fname-lname because it is not a valid identifier. To handle this, there is an attribute restargname. You can specify the argument name as anything, for instance, fname_lname and restargname as fname-lname. The value that you pass to
fname-lname maps to fname_lname.
In many scenarios, you must process data that you enter in the form in a REST service. You can use this data to make a new entry (
POST ) or update an existing record (
PUT ) in the database. If you use form fields, set
restargsource to
form . This extracts the data present in the request and makes it available for further processing. Also, you must set the content-type header to
application/x-www-form-urlencoded when sending data as form fields.
There are various complex data types in ColdFusion:
Array ,
Struct ,
Query . When a REST service in ColdFusion returns one of these complex types, you must serialize it to either JSON or XML format.
Consider the following REST service:
<cfcomponent rest="true"
<cffunction name="structSerialization"
<cfset myStruct = StructNew()>
<cfset myStruct.productName = "ColdFusion">
<cfset myStruct.productVersion = 10>
<cfset myStruct.codeName = "Zeus">
<cfreturn myStruct>
<cffunction name="querySerialization"
<cfset myQuery = queryNew("productName,version,codeName",
[["ColdFusion", 9, "Centaur"], ["ColdFusion", 10, "Zeus"]])>
<cfreturn myQuery>
<cffunction name="arraySerialization"
<cfset myArray = ArrayNew(2)>
<cfset ArrayAppend(myArray,
["ColdFusion", 9, "Centaur"])>
<cfset ArrayAppend(myArray,
["ColdFusion", 10, "Zeus"])>
<cfreturn myArray>
<cffunction name="cfcSerialization"
<cfset obj = new TestComponent()>
<cfset obj.prop1 = "CF">
<cfset obj.prop2 = "Zeus">
<cfreturn obj>
As you can see, the
produces attribute is specified at the
component level and not at the
function level. This indicates that all the services in this component produce or return data in the specified format (application/json format here). However, if you specify the
produces attribute at both the
component and
function level, the
produces attribute specified at the function level takes precedence.
You can serialize the complex types, such as Array, Struct, Query, and CFC to a JSON format. You can invoke the above REST service using CFHTTP with the URI:
(to obtain query data)
The deserialized output is as shown below:
Similar to the JSON format, if the
produces attribute value changes to
application/XML , ColdFusion returns the complex data from a REST service serialized in XML format. See the output produced by invoking a REST service that returns CFC data serialized in XML format:
<COMPONENT ID="1" NAME="restapp.ComplexTypes.TestComponent">
<PROPERTY NAME="PROP2" TYPE="STRING">Zeus</PROPERTY>
Similarly, you can serialize other complex data types to JSON or XML format.
The HTTP protocol provides a content negotiation mechanism, which allows you to serve different formats of the document using the same URI. For example, a JavaScript application can request the content in JSON format. Likewise, an external system, such as a Java client, can request the same content in XML format. Here, the clients must specify the content format in the
Accept attribute of the HTTP request. The REST service can specify which format ColdFusion will return the data in the
produces attribute.
In ColdFusion, if you want to retrieve content in either JSON or XML format, you can append the content-type to the end of the URI. In other words, the URI would be as follows:
Observe that you specify the content-type at the end of the URI (json\xml). ColdFusion parses the URI and invokes the corresponding REST service. The code below lists the two services that produce the data in JSON and XML format:
<cfcomponent rest="true"
<cffunction name="pathHandlerJSON"
<cfargument name="customerID"
<cfset resultQuery = retrieveCustomerRecord(arguments.customerID)>
<cfreturn resultQuery>
<cffunction name="pathHandlerXML"
<cfargument name="customerID"
<cfset resultQuery = retrieveCustomerRecord(arguments.customerID)>
<cfreturn resultQuery>
<cffunction name="retrieveCustomerRecord"
<cfargument name="customerID"
<cfset myQuery = queryNew("id,name",
[[1, "Sagar"], [2, "Ganatra"]])>
<cfquery dbtype="query"
select * from myQuery where id = #arguments.customerID#
<cfreturn resultQuery>
The functions
pathHandlerJSON and
pathHandlerXML return query data in JSON or XML format. As observed, the only difference between the two functions is that the
produces attribute is different. ColdFusion converts complex data types to JSON or XML format and sends the data to the client.
As mentioned earlier, the client can specify the desired content-type in the
Accept header in the HTTP request. For example, a ColdFusion client can send a
CFHTTP request with the
Accept header specified in the
CFHTTPPARAM tag, as follows:
<cfhttp url="http://localhost:8500/rest/contentNeg/customerService/1"
<cfhttpparam type="header"
<cfdump var="#deserializeJSON(resultJSON.filecontent)#">
When making request through the
cfhttp tag, you can make the expected content-type any format (text/html, text/plain, and so forth), by specifying it in the
cfhttpparam tag. Yet, you can specify JSON and XML only through the URI.
In REST, a sub-resource locator refers to a resource that returns an object that handles the HTTP request. In this example, I treat the returned object as a resource class that I use to handle the request or forward it by returning a resource instance. The resource that handles the request must have
httpmethod attribute set to a valid HTTP verb.
For example:
Consider the
ResourceOne component, which I have specified as a REST service by providing the
restpath attribute in the
cfcomponent tag. Also, this component defines a method,
function1 .
Code for ResourceOne.cfc:
<cfcomponent rest="true"
<cffunction name="function1"
<cfset obj = createObject("component", "ResourceTwo")>
<cfreturn obj>
In the code snippet, the function defines the
restpath attribute but doesn't define the
httpmethod attribute. Also, it returns an instance of the object,
ResourceTwo . This would forward the request to the
ResourceTwo component and if this component defines functions that can handle HTTP requests, one of the functions will serve the request:
Code for ResourceTwo.cfc:
<cffunction name="function1"
<cfreturn "From ResourceTwo, handling GET request">
<cffunction name="function2"
<cfreturn "From ResourceTwo, handling POST request">
The CFC defines two functions,
function1 and
function2 , which handle
GET and
POST requests respectively.
The HTTP request to access the component is as follows:
This example URI assumes that the value for
subresourceloc is the name of the application.
ColdFusion provides default HTTP success and failure responses to the client; you also have the ability to create custom responses.
restSetResponse function:
We have added a new function
restSetResponse to list of functions. The syntax is as follows:
The response object is a data type of struct, and can contain the following keys:
status ,
content , and
headers . The
status key contains the status code of the response. The
content key contains the response body to be sent to the client.
For example, the following code is for the CustomerService.cfc file:
<cfcomponent restpath="customerService">
<cffunction name="function1"
<cfset customResponse = structNew()>
<cfset customResponse.status = "201">
<cfset customResponse.content = "From customresponse">
<cfset customResponse.headers = structNew()>
<cfset customResponse.headers.location = "http://www.adobe.com">
<cfset restSetResponse(customresponse)>
You must set the returntype attribute of the function to
void when a custom response is returned using the function
restSetResponse . The code snippet sets the status code, response body (content) and header information in a response object (struct) and sends it to the client using the
restSetResponse function.
cfthrow tag:
There are many cases where an error occurs on the server side while executing the REST service. To notify the client of the error, you can use the
cfthrow tag to send a custom response.
For example, seeCustomerService1.CFC:
<cfcomponent restpath="customerService1">
<cffunction name="function1"
<cfthrow errorcode="655"
detail="Exception occurred while executing the request"
message="Database exception"
You can use the
cfthrow tag to specify the status code by providing a value to the
errorcode attribute. You can include the exception detail, message, and type in the response body when returning the data to the client.
For more information on building RESTful services with ColdFusion, refer to the Adobe online help documentation. Also, visit my blog, Sagar Ganatra's Blog: A blog on ColdFusion and other web technologies.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 Unported License
Tutorials & Samples


text:
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NFL Preview - New Orleans (10-3) at Baltimore (9-4) - Kansas City Star
The Crazy Newshound has found a new Ravens article.
Washington Post
<img alt="" height="1" width="1" />
NFL Preview - New Orleans (10-3) at Baltimore (9-4)
Kansas City Star
Baltimore, meanwhile, will be scoreboard-watching Sunday's Indianapolis- Jacksonville matchup, as the Ravens need to win and the Colts to lose or tie. ...
Play-action will tell story for Saints, RavensESPN (blog)
New Orleans Saints prepare for Baltimore RavensWeekly Citizen
Saints getting defensiveFS Southwest
Baltimore SportsReport.com -Brobury
all 259 news articles »
Link to the full story.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
11. Never ever feel disappointed or upset when you see your Guru's bad behavior or hear any unpleasant news regarding your Guru. This is because Guru's attitude or behavior has nothing to do with you. What you need is the Guru's lineage, the teachings and the blessings. You will only received blessings if you have strong faith in your Guru. The dog's teeth can be a source of blessings and why not the encompassing blessing from your Guru.
12. Never ever consider your guru as friend or just having the 'liking' feeling towards Him. it will only cause you trouble as this is not the pure devotion but is the so-called 'liking' devotion. Choose your Guru by cultivating the trust devotion and eventually turn it into the unchangeable devotion. The unchangeable devotion means if anything happens to you, your Guru devotion will not be fabricated and negative thoughts towards your Guru will not arise.
13. Never ever miss your daily dharma practice. Even though you are extremely busy or reach home late from work, you must do your daily dharma practice with the exception that you are seriously ill or hospitalized.
14. When you are in the prayer hall (centre) or in front of your Guru, DO NOT make noise as it is not respectful to your Guru and the mandala.
15. Treating each other as enemy and talking bad about vajra brothers and sisters causes the heaviest bad karma in Tibetan Vajrayana. it is considered breaking one of the samayas
16. Likewise, having negative thoughts towards your vajra brothers and sisters is also considered as breaking one of the samayas.
17. You only have a mouth to talk. It is better for you to use this mouth to recite mantras and prayers. DO NOT misuse the function of the mouth by talking bad about other people even though that person has a terrible attitude.
18. DO NOT listen to rumors. When you tend to listen to rumors, your anger and desire will increase. Therefore, if your husband/your wife or your friends tell you something bad about other people, your duty is to stop him or her immediately from continuing.
19. We always visualized and cultivate the bodhicitta mind (to benefit all sentient beings) in all our practice and prayers. Before you benefit all sentient beings, why don't you try to benefit your own vajra brothers and sisters.
20. Pray to the Guru and the Triple Gems when you wake up in the morning for their immeasurable blessings. Pray to the Guru and the Triple Gems before you sleep to confess all negative deeds which you have done intentionally or unintentionally during the day
Copyright © 2011 Dudjom Dharma House, Singapore


text:
|Food Labeling; Gluten-Free Labeling of Foods; Public Meeting
|FDA Comment Number :
|Submitter :
|Mrs. Denice Collazo
|Date & Time:
|09/20/2005 06:09:48
|Organization :
|Mrs. Denice Collazo
|Category :
|Individual Consumer
|Issue Areas/Comments
| The labelling should include not only whether there is gluten in the product, but also note if there is a possibility of contamination from other gluten containing products. Oats should be reviewed with experts at the appropriate time to decide whether their inclusion means it is not safe for those on a gluten free diet. Whenever possible, I will purchase food that states gluten free and use that product in cooking for my whole family. Only when it is not specified, do I then determine by the nature of the product itself or the ingredient list, whether it is gluten free. A,B,C indication levels would be helpful.


text:
Recently, in the last couple days, I've been in places where I have to listen to loud, canned, "Christmas" music. I didn't have to strain to hear the words; they were loud and clear. In one well-known chain coffee shop I have heard dozens of "seasonal" songs but not one about Jesus–directly or indirectly. One song is about Santa Claus and contains the words "Santa brings us peace" and "Santa brings us all love." There is no doubt that the song's writer intended to replace Jesus with Santa Claus in the Christmas mythos. I asked a waiter why the store plays only secular "Christmas" music and he said they get complaints if they play anything religious. I said "Please tell the manager that I'm a customer, too, and I'm offended that the store plays only secular "Christmas" music." He just looked at me like I have two heads.
Even as I write this I hear several Christian voices answering me in my mind. "Let the pagans have the holiday" (Rodney Clapp) is one that I respect. Maybe I'm just too old, but I have trouble going with that. Christians are still a significant portion of this society and our celebration of this holiday should at least be acknowledged and taken seriously by those who want our business.
I say play music of all the celebrations of the season–Jewish, Christian, African-American, secular, etc.
Of course the other response I agree with entirely is that the "real" idolatry of the season is the excess of consumerism, not music.


text:
Home > Eyeglasses > Carrera > CARRERINO 55 (KVX)
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text:
Keyboard and vibes fusion compadres Chick Corea and Gary Burton head a sprawl of 300 artists from a dozen countries at this year's Melbourne International Jazz Festival from May 30 to June 8. Master US jazz-rock guitarist Larry Carlton and tenor sax royalty Joshua Redman will return, and Spanish guitarist Jorge Pardo will make his Australian debut on a program that artistic director Michael Tortoni calls ''the broadest in the history of the festival''. melbournejazz.com
Kats-Chernin inspired
Sydney composer Elena Kats-Chernin is inspired by her Sidney Myer Performing Arts Award conferred in Melbourne last week, not least for the ''playful'' design of the trophy itself: ''I see it as four of the music lines and the metal structure itself is like the fifth,'' she says. The $25,000 prize is handy too, as she completes her sixth opera, The Divorce, with Melbourne librettist Joanna Murray-Scott. Her fifth, George, will premiere in Hanover in September. Other artists recognised include contemporary circus Circa and playwright Daniel Keene.
Rub shoulders with top talent
The Melbourne Symphony Orchestra returns to Hamer Hall for the main event in its 2014 season launch this Thursday, Friday and Saturday. Principal guest conductor Diego Matheuz will lead the MSO Chorus and pianist Joyce Yang in Rachmaninoff's Rhapsody on a Theme of Paganini as well as works by Borodin and Sibelius. Saturday night fans are invited to rub shoulders with the Venezuelan at a cocktail reception, with proceeds of the $120 ticket (not including the concert) earmarked for the MSO's community education project.


text:
- 08/03/2017
- 9:30 am - 11:00 am
- Our Mother of Confidence St Katharine Drexel Room
3131 Governor Drive
San Diego, CA 92122
Centering prayer has a rich history in the Catholic church. Based on early Christian monasticism, this form of prayer also draws upon the writings of St. John of the Cross and St. Teresa of Avila. Recent research also suggests that Centering Prayer decreases every day stress levels. Come open your mind and your heart to God. Come join us at Centering Prayer.
- Every Thursday morning
- 9:30 – 11:00 am
- St. Katharine Drexel Room
- Blanca Paloma (858 )274-2035


text:
Title: Associate Professor of Political Science
Degree: PhD
Title: History Department Chair, Professor of History
Title: Sociology and Anthropology Department Chair, Associate Professor of Anthropology
Title: Associate Professor of History
Title: Media Studies, Journalism & Digital Arts Department Chair, Associate Professor of Media Studies, Journalism & Digital Arts
Degree: JD
Title: Professor of Fine Arts: Theater
Degree: MFA
Title: Professor of Psychology
Title: Professor of Anthropology
Title: Professor of English and Environmental Studies Coordinator
Title: Associate Professor of Philosophy
Title: Associate Professor of Psychology
Title: Assistant Professor of Political Science, Gender Studies Program Director
Title: Assistant Professor of Business Administration and Accounting
Degree: Ed.D
Title: Professor of History
Title: Associate Professor of English
Title: American Studies Program Director, English Department Chair, Professor of English and American Studies
MFA in directing, University of Pittsburgh, 1986
BA in drama and English, Saint Michael's College, 1983
Theater directing and costume design
Playwrights Horizons, NYC: Fabulation (assistant to Lynn Nottage)
Actors Theatre of Louisville: Amadeus (assistant to Kate Whoriskey)
Saint Michael's Playhouse: the Boys Next Door; Lend Me a Tenor; Grease; the Mystery of Irma Vep; the Fantasticks; Beau Jest; the Unexpected Guest; I Hate Hamlet.
Three Rivers Shakespeare Festival, Pittsburgh, PA.: Goodnight Desdemona, Good Morning Juliet (U. S. Premiere)
Saint Michael's College, Fine Arts Department: Woyzeck (11/05); JB; Museum; And Then They Came for Me: Remembering the World of Anne Frank, Picasso at the Lapin Agile; Tartuffe; Top Girls; Hamlet; the Illusion*; Mad Forest; Company; Execution of Justice
*Alternate for American College Theatre Festival
Over 50 productions in professional and academic venues. Some recent designs include Blithe Spirit, Once on this Island, the Bacchae, and A Midsummer Night's Dream
Introduction to Performance (Dubuque, Iowa: Kendall/Hunt Publishing), currently in its third edition.
I would be happy to give any prospective theater student a tour of the McCarthy Arts Center, have you sit in on my classes or rehearsals, see a show, and introduce you to Saint Michael's College students who can answer your questions.
"We become just by doing just actions, temperate by doing temperate actions, brave by doing brave actions." - Aristotle


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All Guns
Gun Parts
|Seller's Description
Make: Winchester
Model: 94, Buffalo Bill Commemorative
Serial Number: WC32288
Year of Manufacture: 1968, C&R OK. This Commemorative Rifle is found on page 31 of the ATF C&R list.
Caliber: .30-30 WCF
Action Type: Lever Action Rifle, Tubular Magazine
Markings: The right side of the barrel is marked "Buffalo Bill Commemorative". The top of the barrel has the Winchester proof and the left side is marked "Winchester / Trade Mark / 30-30". The receiver flats are engraved, and the right side reads "Buffalo Bill". The upper tang is marked "W. F. Cody Chief of Scouts". The serial number is found on the underside of the receiver.
Barrel Length: 20"
Sights / Optics: This rifle is mounted with a dovetail set front beaded post and a dovetail set rear leaf sight with elevator.
Stock Configuration & Condition: The stocks are smooth varnished wood, with very few dings and marks. There is some cracking, perhaps from a poorly fit buttplate, at the heel. The LOP measures 13 ½". The stocks rate in about Fine overall condition.
Type of Finish: Blue
Finish Originality: Factory Original
Bore Condition: The bore is bright and the rifling is sharp. There is no evidence of erosion or pitting.
Overall Condition: This gun retains about 92% of its metal finish. The balance of the finish shows one mark on the left side of the barrel, forward of the forearm. There is also some thinning of the fragile receiver finish, primarily on the right side. The gun shows otherwise careful storage and little use. The Screw heads are sharp, possible unturned. The markings are crisp. Overall, this gun rates in about Fine - Excellent condition.
Mechanics: The action functions as designed. We have not fired this rifle.
Box, Paperwork & Accessories: None
Our Assessment: W.F. Cody, Chief of Scouts… If there was ever a true man's man or the epitome of 'cowboy', it was Buffalo Bill. Few rode, shot or tamed the west like Buffalo Bill, and it seemed only fitting that Winchester create a rifle in his honor. This rifle is from 1968, and while it has seen light us, it has been cherished and cared for. The gun will perform for you as a new field rifle or hunting gun, or it will proudly display in your collection. Either way, this is a beautiful and functional C&R eligible rifle.
CA Legal or CA Private Party Transferable: This rifle can be transferred in California and is C&R eligibile.
LSB#: 120208GG02 Make: Winchester Model: 94, Buffalo Bill Commemorative Serial Number: WC32288 Year of Manufacture: 1968, C&R OK. This Commemorative Rifle is
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WASHINGTON (Aug. 31)
Two Democratic Senators who last fall visited both Israel and Jordan declared on the floor of the Senate last night that Arab-Israel problems should not be relegated by the next President of the United States to the Vice President.
Senator Albert Gore, of Tennessee, chairman of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee's subcommittee on the Middle East, said that the Israel issue should not be passed on to Henry Cabot Lodge, Republican nominee for the Vice Presidency. Vice President Richard M. Nixon announced last week that, if elected, he wilt delegate Mr. Lodge to assume "primary responsibility" for Arab-Israel negotiations.
Senator Gale W, McGee, Tennessee Democrat, took the same stand in regard to Mr. Lodge. Senator Gore said Mr. Lodge had "failed to provide positive and effective Middle Eastern policy for the last eight years." Senator Jacob K. Javits, New York Republican, replied, terming Mr. Lodge a "distinguished and great diplomat," and saying he thought "Mr. Nixon has made the right decision."


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Connecticut State Rep. DebraLee Hovey, a Republican who represents the towns of Monroe and Newtown, objected to a visit by Gabrielle Giffords with the families of the victims of the Sandy Hook shootings, telling Giffords in a Facebook post: "Stay out of my towns!!"
Newtown GOPer to Gabby Giffords: "Stay out of my towns!!"
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c.1997 N.Y. Times News Service<
At sundown Monday night Jews around the world will gather to celebrate Passover and to retell the story of the Exodus from Egypt. Exodus, of course, wasn't just about leaving Egypt. It was about coming to Israel and building a Jewish homeland. More than at any time in its modern history the meaning of Israel as a Jewish homeland is up for grabs. For friends of Israel, this is no time for a phony unity. This is a time for taking sides. This is a time for using your money, or your pen, or your political clout or your body to make sure you are helping to build an Israel you'd want your own children to live in.
The secular Israeli government has always given the Orthodox parties and rabbinate de facto authority to regulate all religious affairs and conversions in Israel. Reform and Conservative rabbis had no standing. But in 1995 the Israeli Supreme Court opened the way for challenges to the Orthodox monopoly, particularly on conversions.
This was hugely important, because under Israel's Law of Return any Jew is eligible for automatic citizenship. So when the Israeli Supreme Court suggested that Reform and Conservative rabbis in Israel might be able to convert people to Judaism it was offering them hope of equal religious status with the Orthodox, and an equal set of keys to the gates of Israel.
The Orthodox parties responded by striking a deal with Benjamin Netanyahu: They would support his election and he would support a new lawwhich just passed its first reading in the Knesset _ establishing Orthodox rabbis as the only body authorized to perform conversions in Israel, and effectively delegitimizing Reform and Conservative Judaism.
This law, argues the Israeli philosopher Moshe Halbertal, ``raises the question what sort of Israel are we going to have? Will it be a narrowly defined Jewish state or a broadly defined home for all Jews?'' Given the radical diversity of how Jews relate to their religionwhether they are Conservative, Reform, Modern Orthodox, ultra-Orthodox, Religious-Zionist or secularIsrael cannot be both a home for all Jews and a Jewish state where only the Orthodox stream of Judaism is considered legitimate.
``The moment one group uses the coercive power of the state to force a conception of Jewishness on the whole society, it means many other Jews will not feel at home,'' argues Halbertal, himself a religious Jew. ``In the long run, such a move would destroy both Judaism and the Jewish state. Religious rituals observed purely because of coercion are religious rituals that have no meaning and breed resentment. Orthodox Judaism has a proud tradition. It doesn't need coercive state power to appeal to Jews.''
What this religious dispute and the current political scandal involving Netanyahu have in common is that they are both rooted in a disregard for the balances and red lines necessary to hold Israeli society and world Jewry together.
Even though Netanyahu escaped indictment, the attorney general's report made clear that the prime minister and his advisers engaged in some very suspicious behavior. I fear that in his weakened political state Netanyahu will only rely more heavily on his core ultra-nationalist and ultra-Orthodox supporters. This would only widen the splits between Israel's Orthodox parties and the other streams of Judaism, and between those who want to see the peace process advanced and those who want it frozen. Things will get uglier before they get better.
Overlooked in all this legal brouhaha was the fact that Israel's former President Chaim Herzog died of a heart attack last week. Or was it a broken heart? Chaim Herzog was one of the titans of Israel's history. The son of a great rabbi, he fought the Nazis alongside the British, he served as chief of Israel's military intelligence, he defended Israel against charges equating Zionism with racism at the U.N. Herzog's passing this particular week only reminds us how far Israel's leadership elite has fallen since that founding generation. We are in the age of midgets.
That means all the little people have to stand taller. In the Passover service there is a line repeated each year that reads: In every generation you should feel as though you yourself have gone forth from Egypt (to Israel). Amen. Every friend of Israel today must help insure that Israel's uniqueness doesn't get lost in its current desert of moral and spiritual leadership.
c.1997 The Boston Globe
It is one of the world's greatest religious sagas, the story of the Jews' flight from slavery in Egypt 3,000 years ago. For Jews, the Passover story told at countless family seders starting Monday night is one of courage, deliverance and hope.
But Passover is much more than an ancient tale of extraordinary heroism. It is also a parable for modern times of keeping the faith, of overcoming seemingly insurmountable hurdles.
It is this theme that has allowed the Passover feast or seder to expand from a strictly family affair into communal celebrations for all those trying to find comfort and wisdom in the story of the Jews' liberation. Today, ``community'' seders aimed at groups who want to find their own unique meaning in the Passover are increasingly widespread.
Across Greater Boston, there are seders for women, for people with mental illness, recovering alcholics and drug addicts, gays and lesbians, recent immigrants from Russia, people with AIDS, and the elderly.
And the popularity of community seders extends beyond Jews. Earlier this month, Jews joined in separate seders for blacks and for the Irish, groups that share the Jewish history of suffering under oppression. An interfaith seder in Danvers a few days ago was designed to promote greater understanding.
In recent years, several Jewish activists said, there has been a surge both in the number of community seders and in the diversity of their themes.
In Arlington on Sunday, a Jewish-Tibetan seder will be celebrated. Anne Tolbert, a member of the Boston Area New Jewish Agenda, has written a special haggadah, or Passover story, linking Passover to Tibet's suffering at the hands of the Chinese government.
``My feeling is that the Passover story, the seder, is about redemption, and that redemption isn't something relevant solely to the Jewish people but relevant to all of humanity,'' said Rabbi William G. Hamilton of Congregation Kehillath Israel in Brookline, who participated in the Irish-Jewish Seder coponsored by the Anti-Defamation League and the Archdiocese of Boston. ``As other groups appropriate the story of the Exodus for themselves, they are able to widen the scope of its significance and derive an enormous measure of inspiration for themselves.''
To the two dozen or so Jews, all recovering alcoholics or drug addicts, who celebrated a community seder last Wednesday at Temple Ohabei Shalom in Brookline, Passover means finding the strength to break free from the bottle or the needle. They used a haggadah written for recovering substance abusers that makes specific references to the struggle against addiction.
``It is a way to understand that our ancestors were also caught up in the same slave mentality an addict gets caught up in,'' said Farshad Sayan, president of the Boston chapter of Jewish Alcoholics, Chemically Dependent Persons and Significant Others. ``Our flight has been from alcoholism and drug abuse. The seder gives us strength to go on and face each day.''
At the various women's seders held across the Boston area, the special, and often forgotten, role that women played in the Exodus story is celebrated, particularly that of Miriam, Moses' older sister, who as a child announced that her mother would bear a son who would become the redeemer of the Israelites.
In more conservative Jewish homes, women are not permitted to read the prayers, a custom that rankles Miriam Greenberg. She chose to attend a women's seder last week in Newton.
``It's wonderful to come together and learn and remember how important women were to the survival of the Jews,'' she said.
At a seder held Thursday in a housing complex in Brighton operated by Jewish Community Housing for the Elderly, about 90 people, including many Russian Jews and Asian immigrants, read from a haggadah written in English, Hebrew, Russian and Chinese. Though they did not share the same religion, several of the Russian and the Chinese emigres shared a legacy of oppression and poverty. For all, Passover provided a poignant example of keeping hope alive.
``The seder expresses the need for our eternal vigilance in the struggle to preserve and advance the cause of freedom and human dignity,'' the Jewish and non-Jewish elderly celebrants said, reciting from their haggadahs.
This Thursday at Temple Ohabei Shalom in Brookline, a community seder is planned for people with mental illness. No special haggadah will be used, but Rabbi Howard Kummer will use role playing and a question-and-answer format.
``There is this spirit in the seder that even though you may be in the worst of times there is hope for things being better,'' said Andrew Schiff, director of mental services for Jewish Family and Children's Service, a cosponsor of the seder. ``Many of these people have lived through the experience of being hospitalized and being at a point in their lives where they wondered whether it was worth living. Now many of them are active members of the community living independently, having jobs. In their own ways, they have gone from affliction to survivalso the seder has great meaning and resonance.''
Community seders often try to address issues of social justice. Jewish scholars and activists note that the Book of Exodus in the Old Testament is considered the first religious text to specifically command believers to tend to the needy.
``The sense over these hundreds of years is that while on the one hand the seder is the experience of the biblical Israelites, on the other hand it is the experience of all of us who have been treated wrongly because of the color of our skin or because of our religion,'' said Leonard Zakim, executive director of the Anti-Defamation League of New England.
The League sponsors Boston's annual black-Jewish seder, which has played a pivotal role in building bonds between black and Jewish community leaders.
Barry Shrage, president of Combined Jewish Philanthropies, said the universal message of Passover can be found in the opening prayers of the seder recited after a piece of matzoh, or unleavened bread, is broken:
``This is the bread of affliction which our ancestors ate in the land of Egypt. All who are hungrylet them come and eat. All who are needylet them come and celebrate the Passover with us.''
c.1997 N.Y. Times News Service<
NEW YORKThe job interviews take place with practical, unspoken calculation in Southside's dozens of Hasidic schools. The schoolteacher is desperate for work; the school administrator, short of funds, can offer only the most minimal of wages.
But the offers, at perhaps $150 a week for 30 hours of teaching, are made and almost always accepted for one central reason: welfare. The teacher knows welfare payments will supplement a meager income; the school knows employees who also receive welfare will be able to survive on low salaries.
``It's a mutual understanding, I suppose,'' said the director of a Bedford Avenue yeshiva in the Southside section of Williamsburg, Brooklyn. ``I know the price they will go for, and that's what I pay.''
Rabbi Leib Glanz, whose United Talmudic Academy employs about 700 teachers in Southside, said: ``If they can't take what I can pay, I get someone else. I do not count on welfare when I hire. But clearly welfare has been beneficial to the yeshivas.''
From household incomes to school budgets, public assistance has penetrated the world of Southside's Hasidim. The Hasidim's ability to make the welfare system work for them has provoked both admiration and suspicion among welfare agency officials and many people who live alongside the Hasidim in Southside. The deep roots of welfare show how benefits subsidize industry, but they also call attention to an unsettling question that lies behind the debate about welfare reform: What if work is not enough?
Where the worlds of welfare and work overlap, welfare reform promises a future without government benefits. Those benefits have been the foundation of a low-wage economy. For other welfare-dependent populations, the policy prescription has been work; for a group where work is already a given, the answers do not come as quickly.
At least one-third of the estimated 7,000 Hasidic families in Williamsburg receive public assistance, according to neighborhood leaders.
The benefits, including welfare payments, food stamps and subsidized housing, sustain the families with as many as 10 or 12 children; they fill the cash registers of the kosher supermarkets on Lee Avenue and help underwrite much of the work done by the Hasidim, whether in schools, retail stores or factories.
The Hasidim, carrying on the traditions of a Jewish movement founded in the 18th century, live in an insular, highly ordered world of prayer and study, their customs governing everything from their clothing to the lines of separation between men and women, boys and girls. They gather for prayer twice a day and strictly honor the Sabbath, requirements that often restrict what jobs they can take, what hours they can work.
They have their own newspapers as well as their own judicial system for resolving internal disputes. While they live largely apart from the secular world, they nonetheless have an appetite for politics.
And they have large families: the average household has eight children, neighborhood leaders say. Hasidic parents commonly say that large families are the most satisfying realization of their religion, which tells them to be fruitful and multiply.
But their religious emphasis has created economic dead ends for many of the Hasidim of Southside. The focus on religious studies results in children ending secular education at age 13, curtailing job skills. Other factors also limit opportunity: discrimination in the mainstream workplace exists; the neighborhood's once-dominant industries, like the jewelry and garment trades, have dwindled; some have difficulty with English, their second language, and the neighborhood's substantial network of private charity, built around wealthy households and loan societies in every synagogue, is already overtaxed.
A 27-year-old Hasidic welfare recipient gave voice to confusion, fear and facts of cultural life that left him without great economic options. He and others interviewed did not want their full identities revealed, citing their privacy and a sense of embarrassment.
``I hope to get off; I am trying to get off,'' he said. A teacher who has four children, he conceded that he started his family knowing his restricted economic situation. ``But we don't first have a business and then children. We do what we feel is right, and then try and do our best.''
One foundation of the Hasidim's economy is an organized, aggressive approach to winning welfare benefits. For example, the office of the United Jewish Organizations of Williamsburg, the Hasidim's main social services center in Southside, has a staff that fills out applications for aid and telephones city officials to contest adverse decisions. Advocates for Southside's Latino poor cite with envy the Hasidim's unified efforts at obtaining public assistance. Current and former city welfare agency officials regard the Hasidim's pattern of obtaining public assistancethe widespread listing of nearly identical incomes that fall just within qualifying guidelinesas circumstantial evidence of manipulation, or even fraud.
One federal program intended to help make low-income work a more attractive alternative than welfare is the Earned Income Tax Credit, which pays up to $3,500 to a family with an income of $10,000. But among the Hasidim, it does not seem to be as well known as the state welfare program that aids low-income families and childless adults, Home Relief. The size of the credit adds only modestly to a large family's economic picture. Government officials said that they could not estimate how many of the Hasidim are taking advantage of the credit.
Welfare for the Hasidim, then, is both a lifesaver and a machine to be put to optimal use, something that keeps families safe and businesses running. Dependency is no less ingrained than in the city's more stereotypical welfare recipientthe African-American or Latino single mother.
But the Hasidim's world of welfare is just as endangered. The new federal welfare law limits benefits for any family to five years. New York state lawmakers are debating Gov. George Pataki's proposal to cut cash benefits. And Mayor Rudolph Giuliani is requiring beneficiaries to work cleaning streets or offices in order to continue receiving benefits.
The new federal law also means that immigrants who are not citizens and children suffering from behavioral and learning disabilities, groups that are both represented among the Hasidim of Southside, are losing federal Supplemental Security Income.
``The myth is that there are no poor Jews,'' said Rabbi Chaim Stauber, who runs a mental health clinic in Southside. ``But Jews, like others, have plenty of people who meet all the criteria for welfare. The politicians only see the red and black ink of budget ledgers. They don't see human faces.''
The face of welfare in the Hasidim is typically the face of a working father, one who reports his income and is a partner in an intact family.
One 39-year-old kindergarten teacher, the father of four children, ages 5 through 12, earns $131.60 a week working part-time. His welfare benefits include $217 each month from the state's Home Relief program, $420 a month in food stamps, and medical coverage.
Workthe return to it or the initial embrace of itis the solution underlying both the philosophy and strategy of welfare reform. But work, for many Hasidic recipients, is not the central problem; income is.
Already the kindergarten teacher's household has tasted the changing welfare realities. Although the Hasidim do not bar women from working, the teacher's wife, like many worried about caring for their children, refused the city's mandatory work requirement and the family's Home Relief grant was reduced from $259 to $217.
As the world of welfare changes, and limits on benefits start to reduce family incomes, concerns are growing among the Hasidim.
``It is frightening to think of the chain reaction in our neighborhood,'' said Rabbi Yitzchok Schwartz, who oversees a handful of yeshivas. ``A lot will have to be reorganized. Maybe they will give welfare another nameclose one door, open another.''
``If we are asked to start increasing salaries,'' Glanz said of the neighborhood's schools, ``we will not survive.''
The answer, according to government officials, is straightforward: find higher-paying work.
``In many ways, this sort of population has a leg up,'' Brian Wing, the acting commissioner of the State Department of Social Services, said of the Hasidim. ``The state is not going to walk away from employment training. Skills development will be the target.''
But William Fish, who runs an employment office on Clymer Street in Southside, said that will be difficult. ``They have six, 10 children, no computer skills,'' he said of the applicants he encounters daily. ``They don't want welfare to be a lifestyle. But it is real. I don't know what the solution is.''
While acknowledging that real poverty and need exist among the Hasidim, others are less sympathetic. Neighborhood veterans of the fight for public housing in Southside, for instance, say their experiences have convinced them that some Hasidim abuse public assistance.
``It is not unnatural for people to get what they can for themselves,'' said Martin Needleman, executive director of Brooklyn Legal Services of Williamsburg, a nonprofit organization that sued the New York City Housing Authority saying that the city gives preferential treatment to the Hasidim. ``But the Hasidim in Williamsburg have a unique, sophisticated and highly efficient capacity to generate documents that support eligibility for public assistance that do not always reflect reality.''
City welfare officials publicly deny that fraud among the Hasidim is tolerated. But in interviews, a half-dozen current and former agency officials, speaking on condition of anonymity, said Hasidic manipulation of the system is a problem. Even sympathetic experts on Jewish poverty acknowledge the Hasidim ``work the system.''
Rabbi David Niederman, the executive director of the United Jewish Organizations of Williamsburg, said he did not believe significant welfare cheating went on. ``You do not have to lie to be eligible for benefits,'' he said. ``Is there somebody who might cheat? Yes. People cheat on their taxes, too.''
The bright side of this situation is that a sophisticated, organized approach could help the Hasidim succeed where many other groups have failedmoving people from welfare to self-sufficient working lives. Although such efforts have a poor track record, the Hasidim start with other factors in their favor: intact families and a basic, if narrowly defined, devotion to education.
Already, Hasidic leaders are responding to welfare reform by taking initial steps to expand secular education and high-tech job training, and their long-time attempts at economic development now are infused with a sense of crisis.
``The enemy is unemployment or inadequate employment and not welfare,'' said Rabbi Joseph Weber, a leader of one Hasidic congregation, the Pupa sect. ``The only option is to face the enemy and act accordingly.''
Weber, who runs the Yeshiva Kehilath Yakov, has integrated more vocational training into the school's curriculum, and he is raising money for night classes in computer technology. And Niederman has a plan for creating a ``back office'' operation in Southside, where residents would do accounting and data entry work for financial firms and government agencies.
``The unconventional no longer will be out of the question,'' Niederman said.<
c.1997 N.Y. Times News Service<
NEW DELHI, IndiaAs a young man, in 1947, I.K. Gujral, who was named India's prime minister Sunday, joined the vast throngs of Hindu and Muslim migrants who left their homes when Britain's colonial rulers partitioned the Indian subcontinent into the two new nations of India and Pakistan.
As Hindus with roots in Jhelum, in the northeast of what became Pakistan, Gujral and his family fled east across the new frontier and made a new home in New Delhi, the Indian capital. It was an embittering time for millions of people. Large numbers of Hindus and Muslims were killed by enraged mobs as they migrated, and those who survived were left to struggle with the loss of loved ones, properties, and livelihoods.
Some migrants never recovered, and some on both sides harbored resentments that developed into support for hard-line policies on issues dividing India and Pakistan. But Gujral, 77, did not allow his memories to harden into enmity. He grew to maturity as an Indian politician with a yearning to do something to ease the tensions that led to three wars between India and Pakistan, The relationship, nearly 50 years after partition, is still marked by deep estrangement and suspicion, particularly over the explosive issue of the disputed territory of Kashmir.
When he went to India's presidential palace Sunday with other stalwarts of the United Front coalition that elected him as its leader on Saturday, Gujral told President Shankar Dayal Sharma that he was ready to form a new government. It will succeed the one headed by the previous United Front leader, H.D. Deve Gowda, who has been caretaker prime minister since his administration was defeated in Parliament on April 11. Gudral is expected to be formally sworn in on Monday.
Already, Gujral, who has twice served as India's foreign minister, most recently in Deve Gowda's 10-month-long government, has said that an effort to improve relations with Pakistan will be one of his main priorities. Borrowing from a phrase made famous in the speech made at the moment of independence in 1947 by Jawaharlal Nehru, India's first prime minister, Gujral said after his election as party leader, ``We have to formulate another tryst with destiny,'' including an effort to create more neighborly relations with Pakistan.
Gujral also pledged to attack the political corruption that is endemic in India. And he promised a renewed effort to tackle the problems of poverty, illiteracy and disease that have kept India close to the bottom of many tables that rate the progress of developing nations. In a nation with 950 million people, 350 million of whom are officially considered as living in poverty, pledges to ease deprivation and to crack down on a pervasive political culture of kickbacks and nepotism and graft have been part of every prime minister's mantra.
But promising to improve relations with Pakistan is by no means so obvious a step. That is especially true for a leader who, in Gujral's case, will confront a political opposition led by the Bharatiya Janata Party, a right-wing Hindu chauvinist group. The Hindu party has advanced steadily in recent elections with policies that harp on the need for vigilance against Pakistan and on the rights of India's Hindu majority to fashion a country that does not ``bow its knee'' to the minority of 120-million Indian Muslims.
The first test for Gujral's approach is likely to come in mid-May, at a regional meeting in the Maldive Islands, where the Indian prime minister is scheduled to meet separately with the new Pakistani prime minister, Nawaz Sharif.
As foreign minister, Gujral laid the groundwork for reduction of tensions with Pakistan by unilaterally easing travel and visa restrictions for Pakistanis visiting India. He also said that India, as by far the largest nation in the region, can afford to be generous with its neighbors, several of which have long resented domineering attitudes that they believe have inspired India in the past.
Whether Gujral can overcome obstacles that have embittered relations with Pakistan, notably over Kashmir, is widely doubted in India. But assessments of Gujral that filled the pages of Indian newspapers Sunday emphasized aspects of his character that suggest he might be more willing than some of his predecessors to break new ground. Among those was his willingness, demonstrated at key moments in his political career, to take an independent stand, even at risk to his own career.
One example was Gujral's experiences in 1975 with prime minister Indira Gandhi, Nehru's daughter, after she declared an emergency, suspending civil liberties and arresting thousands of political opponents. Gujral, who had been a key member of Mrs. Gandhi's ``kitchen cabinet'' during her early years as prime minister, was her information minister at the time. He rejected a demand by Mrs. Gandhi's son, Sanjay, that he be allowed to censor the news bulletins of All-India Radio.
In response, Gujral was booted out of the Cabinet and named ambassador to Moscow. He later joined anti-Gandhi dissidents from the Congress Party in forming the Janata Party, forerunner of the party that dominates the United Front, the Janata Dal.
Before joining the Congress Party, which led India to independence, Gujral was a member of India's underground Communist Party, which was strongly linked to the Soviet Union.
But as the envoy to Moscow, he persuaded Mrs. Gandhi, who lost an election in 1977 but returned to power in 1980, to express opposition to the Soviet Union's 1979 invasion of Afghanistan. That was a break from India's earlier record of supporting Soviet military ventures in Hungary and Czechoslovakia, and it led Mrs. Gandhi to tell the Soviet leader, Leonid I. Brezhnev, privately that the Kremlin had blundered in Afghanistan.
At other times, Gujral, who sports a Lenin-style goatee, has been criticized for hewing to leftist shibboleths. He has supported India's move away from socialism toward a market economy and foreign investment, and he said today that maintaining good relations with the United States was one of his main aims. But Gujral has sometimes seemed to embrace causes for no better reason than that they put him in an anti-American camp. One example was his early support, as foreign minister in 1990, of the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait.
One thing on which most Indians agree is that Gujral may be the most educated of all those who have risen to be their prime minister. He was born Inder Kumar Gujral in Jhelum on Dec. 4, 1919, the son of two activists in the independence struggle against Britain, Narain and Pushpa Gujral. Like his parents, Gujral served time in prison during World War II for his political activities against the British, but he managed to complete two doctorate degrees at colleges in Lahore and in New Delhi, including one in literature.
He speaks fluent Urdu, the national language of Pakistan, and spends part of his leisure time writing Urdu couplets, a poetic form that traces back to India's Mogul emperors. His wife, Sheila, with whom he has two sons, is a poet and author, and his brother Satish Gujral is a prominent architect.
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|Brand Name
|ER Wagner
|Special Features
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Product description
This E.R. Wagner plate caster has a pneumatic wheel, a flat base with holes for bolting or welding to an object, and a rigid design to allow movement in a back-and-forth motion. The plate caster's pneumatic wheel consists of a soft rubber tread on a three-piece steel hub with zinc plating, and it is fully inflated with air at 50 pounds per square inch (psi). The wheel provides quiet operation, protects floors, and has a cushioned ride, making it suitable for bearing delicate loads. The double row swivel construction with extra-large raceways provides durability. The load capacity of 200 lb. makes the caster suitable for moving appliances, carts, and furniture, among others.
Plate casters are wheeled mechanisms used to support and maneuver objects such as carts, racks, and dollies. Plate casters are named for their mounting system: they have a flat plate, usually with four bolt holes, that forms the top of the caster and attaches to the object. Plate casters vary in their maneuverability. Some are rigid and only roll at a fixed angle, while other casters swivel to allow a 360-degree change in direction. Plate casters may have brakes, and swivel casters may have locks to set them to a fixed angle. Casters may have single or twin (dual) wheels made from a variety of materials. Generally, wheels with hard tread material have a higher load capacity and roll easier than soft tread wheels, which provide quieter operation and cushioning. Load capacity for plate casters is also affected by tread width and wheel diameter. Plate casters are used on furniture, carts, shelving, appliances, scrap bins, production dollies, and utility trucks for material handling applications in a variety of industries.
E.R. Wagner manufactures casters, wheels, hinges, stampings, and tubular products. The company, founded in 1900, is headquartered in Milwaukee, WI.
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Bottom Line at the Top: Bluewater Vodka bills itself as a sipping vodka and that's exactly how we see it. We found it best in its purest setting: sipped neat and chilled if you like. As it blends in other flavors it tends to diminish in its ability to distinguish itself (which is the unhappy case with almost any vodka). But with the price right in line with other "premium vodka" brands on the shelf, it seems like an easy recommendation to grab the stylish, flavorful, and sea-worthy vodka.
The Details
Bluewater Vodka is made in Everett, Washington in the Pacific Northwest home of both the wheat grain they use for their base distillate and the Cascade Mountain spring water that they blend it down with. The story of local, organic production with hands-on distillation techniques should sing to all of those invested in the craft movement. The name itself is an homage to the water... and indeed, the Pacific Northwest is surrounded by water... it freezes in the mountains, falls from the skies, flows across the land, and roars in the ocean. It's everywhere. It's a kind of feel-good vodka in the sense that it makes you feel good about purchasing it.
We sought to compare the vodka to some straight-up, Big Market competitors to see how it holds up. For these, we looked to a famous, Russian brand made from wheat and called for by name in most bars: Stolichnaya. Our second was an upstart American vodka made from wine grapes in California and often seen at bargain basement prices: New Amsterdam. Neither of these labels use organic ingredients, neither claim to use spring water, and certainly neither use batch-method distillation. Is it worth the extra work to find?
Bluewater vs Stoli and New Amsterdam, Neat
God do we hate the term "smooth" when judging spirits and particularly hate it when judging vodka. But Stoli smells "smooth"... this to mean it smells, neutral, nice, with a light undercurrent of honey and caramel if you look for it. The New Amsterdam does not smell as sweet but carries an undertone of earth. They're very, very close in aroma. The Stoli tastes lightly sweet on the tongue, gives a little need on the sides, and slides down with a kind of charcoal aftertaste. There's a mineral quality (the lyricist in us says "slate, wet stone, or granite) to the vodka. It should go down great as a shooter, to the great pleasure of Russians everywhere. The New Amsterdam is much more neutral, much more flavorless. It carries no needle (perhaps a better executed distillation) but the aftertaste is acrid rather than charcoal. This is clearly a mixing vodka.
Bluewater gives a very faint citrus aroma... which is odd to us because critics would lead us to think that usually arises from wine grape vodka like the New Amsterdam and this is made from grain. We'll also go ahead and say it: maybe it's the power of suggestion but we feel like there's a seascape aroma to the vodka; maybe it picks up a salt tang like the famous Islay single malts. It's all very much backstage, behind-the-curtain sorts of aromas and we're hard pressed to pick it repeatedly out of a lineup by scent alone. The taste is cool... an almost minty cool. It's as neutral as the New Amsterdam but carries a mineral-quality aftertaste and fade. It may not be quite as complex in nature as the Stoli but the execution of the spirit offers none of the needle of Stoli as well.
Assessment: Bluewater is clearly the better executed and better tasting of the vodkas. It matches the Stoli in taste and is far better executed than New Amsterdam. If you're going to shoot vodka, it's worthwhile stretching for the Bluewater.
Bluewater vs Stoli and New Amsterdam in a Vodka Martini
Begging forgiveness from all the gin enthusiasts out there who won't hear of a Martini made from vodka, this is a Vodka Martini with 3 parts vodka, one part dry vermouth, and a touch of lemon bitters to finish it. Chilled on ice, it serves as an icy drink for those who don't want to shoot their vodka but prefer not to drink heavily infused spirits. The Stoli made a Martini that smelled faintly of the grain but then was swallowed whole by the vermouth. One may as well just drink the vermouth.
The New Amsterdam performed decently in this setting... but the careful connoisseur will notice an unpleasant aftertaste and finish, which is a defect we noticed earlier. This is not a vodka to stand on its own.
Bluewater in a Martini is... well, it sets off the vermouth and lemon. It tastes mostly of the vermouth. This is very likely the point of Vodka Martinis. The good news is that it should set off very nicely the subtle touches of herbs, garnishes, flourishes, or other niceties that a mixologist may want to employ in a vodka-based cocktail.
Assessment: final judgment : one might detect a trace of a cleaner mouthfeel and finish on the Bluewater over the Stoli but the difference is small. They perform well above the bar set by New Amsterdam. We'll say here that the Bluewater performs fine for this and likely most other similarly styled drinks with olive juice, lime, or what-have-you.
Bluewater vs Stoli and New Amsterdam in a Moscow Mule
At the time of this writing, you can't go anywhere without seeing a bar serve up a Moscow Mule in a copper. It's the new Old Thing that's trendy again. In this case, it's welcome because it's set off a wave of good drinks with even more excellent ginger beers. We made ours with with 3 parts ginger beer (we used Gosling's, though one notes they designed theirs for the rum version of the Moscow Mule called the Dark and Stormy) to 1 part vodka with that dash (one-third part) of lime juice for the sour. In the Stoli (and surely Russian vodkas set off the scene in Hollywood when the Moscow Mule was invented), the drink simply sings. It reminds one why the world loves Moscow Mules. It flies off the palate in bursts of flavor and finishes clean... then it begs to be repeated. Surely may romances we're founded and later foundered on this one cocktail.
The New Amsterdam is consumed on the nose by the ginger beer, which is the least surprising thing ever since little can stand up to the intense Gosling's ginger.
Bluewater has a lot to compete against in the Stoli. Our Washington product does fine... not better, but fine. Same crisp finish; same easy-drinking quality. In blind settings it was impossible for us to tell the difference between the two. Which is to say, Bluewater will be outstanding in this setting.
Assessment: final judgment : really, it's hard to go wrong with vodka and ginger beer. But both the Stoli and the Bluewater showed better than the New Amsterdam. The latter was adequate but, if you're going to spring extra dollars for the ginger beer anyway, you may as well go the extra mile and get a good vodka. Both Stoli and Bluewater fit that mold amply.
Bluewater vs Stoli and New Amsterdam in a Bluewater Campaign
The Bluewater Campaign is a cocktail recommended by Bluewater Distilling. It's a very classic style of upscale martini-styled cocktail calling for 3 parts vodka; and 1 part each of Cointreau (orange liqueur), Campari (Italian bitters liqueur), and lemon juice with a half-part of simple syrup. Shake on ice and serve up in a martini glass. Between the citrus and the heady herbals of Campari sound like a sophisticated mix and it will be very interesting to see if vodkas can be distinguished from each other in all of those flavors.
Mixing this drink with the Stoli, one is immediately overwhelmed by the Campari. It's a highly distinctive flavor even when mixed with citrus and diluted (we gave it a good thorough shaking). People who love their Negroni cocktails or are otherwise familiar with Campari will recognize it immediately. The recipe is quite good... the sweet and the citrus blend very nicely to balance the powerful astringent character of the Campari, which leaves a lingering aftertaste (and begs for a bit of water to chase it). Hard to imagine vodka drinkers going after this drink but easy to imagine all of those folks who love spicy character and are sick of the cloying nature of sweeter cocktails. Vodka being vodka, it highlights the bitters and citrus rather than a rum or blanco tequila that would have its own flavor notes.
The New Amsterdam... the same drink. No difference that we could detect. Still an excellent drink but we couldn't detect the difference in the vodka.
In the Bluewater, we couldn't necessarily appreciate a difference in taste but we did detect a difference in texture. The Bluewater offered a silky texture on the front of the palate that made the drink a little extra enticing. Any distinction in flavor, though, was lost (at least to us).
Assessment: final judgment : this is a sophisticate's drink. If you're going to buy Campari and Cointreau then squeeze some fresh lemon juice, it seems unlikely that you're going to get vodka out of a plastic jug off of the bottom shelf. This is a dramatic drink and it calls for a bit of a dramatic story and this is where top-shelf vodka serves its role beautifully. The Bluewater claims a little extra story and worth it from that standpoint. That and the silky texture!
[Disclaimer: we received a 750ml bottle of Bluewater vodka for review purposes free of charge. All other products mentioned here were purchased on our own.]


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from ExperimentalVaccines:
This new wearable electronic technology is called "epidermal electronic system" (EES) it allows for a circuit to be fixed to the skin and moves with the body; stretching, bending and twisting without damaging the circuit. This is the first wearable technologies to be marketed under the guise of hip and cool targeting the tattoo enthusiasts with integrated LED's, transistors, wireless antennas, biometric sensors and radio frequency capacitors.
Big pharma have already concocted a way to embed microchips into medications to monitor patient compliance sending information to a patch worn by the user which relays biometric information to the doctor. How many different applications for surveillance can you think of for this wearable WIFI device? Will the medical industry use this technology to spy on you by monitoring your brain waves, moods and negative thoughts while receiving medications for anti-depression or anxiety?Help us spread the ANTIDOTE to corporate propaganda.
Please follow SGT Report on Twitter & help share the message.


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|index by Group
|index by Distribution
|index by Vendor
|index by creation date
|index by Name
|Name: obconf
|Distribution: openSUSE 12.1
|Version: 2.0.4.git500163e
|Vendor: openSUSE
|Release: 12.1.2
|Build date: Sat Oct 29 20:44:36 2011
|Group: System/GUI/Other
|Build host: build30
|Size: 546227
|Source RPM: obconf-2.0.4.git500163e-12.1.2.src.rpm
|Packager: http://bugs.opensuse.org
|Url: http://openbox.org/
|Summary: Openbox Configuration Tool
This is the official application from the Openbox developers to configure the Openbox window manager. It is not needed, but highly recommended when installing Openbox. Authors: -------- Ben Jansens <email@example.com> Tim Riley <firstname.lastname@example.com>
* Mon Mar 14 2011 email@example.com - call %desktop_database_post/un * Sat Jan 16 2010 firstname.lastname@example.com - fixed Url, now is http://openbox.org * Mon Sep 21 2009 firstname.lastname@example.com - improved italian traslation * Thu Jan 08 2009 firstname.lastname@example.com - Locale 'no' should be 'nb' like in openbox * Fri Apr 04 2008 email@example.com - update to version 2.0.3 o Added Norwegian translation o Added Turkish translation o Updated Traditional Czech, Chinese, Italian, and Swedish translations o Add support for the desktop warping option o Add support for showing the popup notification when changing desktops o Better build support for Max OSX platform (no --export-dynamic) o Major layout changes o Add support for putting the move/resize popup in a fixed position on screen o Add support for the <monitor> window placement option o New icon by Myles Green o Show an error when the configuration file is not valid, so it doesn't get destroyed by ObConf o Add a --config-file option to specify an alternate configuration file. o Auto-load the same configuration as Openbox is using, if Openbox was run with --config-file * Wed Jan 16 2008 firstname.lastname@example.com - Update to version 2.0.2 * Add Traditional Chinese, Italian, Czech, Spanish and French translations * Add new Margins option (Margins tab) * Add new option for centering windows when placing them * Update to Openbox 3.4.2 libraries * Wed Jul 04 2007 email@example.com - Update to version 2.0.1 which matches the recent changes in openbox * Wed Sep 13 2006 firstname.lastname@example.com - move out of /usr/X11R6 * Mon Sep 11 2006 firstname.lastname@example.com - drop SuSEconfig.pango requirement (script dropped) * Thu Jul 13 2006 email@example.com - udpate to version 1.6
/usr/bin/obconf /usr/share/applications/obconf.desktop /usr/share/doc/packages/obconf /usr/share/doc/packages/obconf/AUTHORS /usr/share/doc/packages/obconf/COPYING /usr/share/doc/packages/obconf/README /usr/share/locale/cs/LC_MESSAGES/obconf.mo /usr/share/locale/de/LC_MESSAGES/obconf.mo /usr/share/locale/en@boldquot/LC_MESSAGES/obconf.mo /usr/share/locale/en@quot/LC_MESSAGES/obconf.mo /usr/share/locale/es/LC_MESSAGES/obconf.mo /usr/share/locale/fr/LC_MESSAGES/obconf.mo /usr/share/locale/it/LC_MESSAGES/obconf.mo /usr/share/locale/nb/LC_MESSAGES/obconf.mo /usr/share/locale/pt_BR/LC_MESSAGES/obconf.mo /usr/share/locale/ru/LC_MESSAGES/obconf.mo /usr/share/locale/sv/LC_MESSAGES/obconf.mo /usr/share/locale/tr/LC_MESSAGES/obconf.mo /usr/share/locale/zh_CN/LC_MESSAGES/obconf.mo /usr/share/locale/zh_TW/LC_MESSAGES/obconf.mo /usr/share/mime/packages/obconf.xml /usr/share/obconf /usr/share/obconf/obconf.glade /usr/share/obconf/video-display.png /usr/share/pixmaps/obconf.png
Generated by rpm2html 1.8.1
Fabrice Bellet, Mon Jul 10 03:42:25 2017


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Job Overview
When disaster strikes, America looks to FEMA. Now FEMA looks to you. Join our team and use your talent to support Americans in their times of greatest need. The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) prepares the nation for all hazards and manages Federal response and recovery efforts following any national incident. We foster innovation, reward performance and creativity, and provide challenges on a routine basis with a well-skilled, knowledgeable, high performance workforce. Please visit www.fema.gov for additional information.
This position starts at a salary of $78,361.00 (GS-12). Apply for this exciting opportunity to become a member of the Region 2 team within FEMA.
EMERGENCY ASSIGNMENT: Every FEMA employee has regular and recurring emergency management responsibilities, though not every position requires routine deployment to disaster sites. All positions are subject to recall around the clock for emergency management operations, which may require irregular work hours, work at locations other than the official duty station, and may include duties other than those specified in the employee's official position description. Travel requirements in support of emergency operations may be extensive in nature (weeks to months), with little advance notice, and may require employees to relocate to emergency sites with physically austere and operationally challenging conditions.
In this position, you will act as a liaison between the FEMA Region 2 Office, and the FEMA National Office in the ongoing program evaluation activities.
Typical assignments include:
- Maintains and provides quantitative data in support of recommendations and developing guidelines on various facets of regional mitigation program.
- Incumbent will exchange ideas and remain current on best practices being implemented nationally for Risk MAP, NFIP, and HMA.
- Conducts evaluations of project operations,procedures, and organizational structures,identifying problems or deficiencies and recommending ways to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of operations for mitigation programs.
- Evaluates and monitors regional Risk MAP activities to ensure conformance with available guidelines.
- Tracks and predicts stakeholder confidence related to Risk MAP, NFIP, and Hazard Mitigation Assistance (HMA) program(s)implementation within the Region.
- Implements regional programs and effective business strategies to increase participation among federal agenciesand other public and private organizations in loss reduction activities.
Supervisory Status
Promotion Potential
Travel Required
- Occasional Travel
- Some travel may be required
Who May Apply
This job is open to…All U.S. citizens
Status candidates may also apply under FEMA-14-LDC-35737MP
For definitions of terms found in this announcement, please click here


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BMW is supplying 4,000 official vehicles for the London Olympics but what they thought would be a PR triumph is about to turn into a PR disaster!
When they signed the sponsorship deal they forgot to think about the consequences of garishly painted BMW's racing down Olympic road lanes while ordinary motorists are stuck in never ending queues of traffic.
The Olympic lanes are lengthening journey times for ordinary motorists by an estimated 30 minutes.
It's no fun staring at the car in front's exhaust while Olympic BMWs zip by.
The backlash will be felt BMW showrooms across the country. Sales of BMWs will certainly not accelerate as a result of this ill-thought-out sponsorship.
The question in my mind is - could it be the high jump for the PR guru who thought BMW would strike gold with this sponsorship deal!


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Cherry treats a girl who, due to a terrible accident becomes brain dead. He confronts the parents about taking her off life support, and when they agree, he presents the choice to donate her organs. Although the mother is willing, the father is greatly opposed.
Gideon and other doctors routinely work on the priority list for a liver transplant. Whom will be the number one candidate comes down to Gideon's patient (Black male in 40's, Asian wife, three kids, on list for several years, terminal) and another doctor's patient (Gay white 30-something male, HIV positive, with 2 adoptive kids and partner, terminal). The black man's tumor disqualify him. The gay man is decided to be most elligible.
After pressure from the gay man's doctor, Cherry secretly lets the mother know that only one parent is needed to sign the consent form. She agrees. He is immediately plagued by guilt, and when his girlfriend, Money (Hedy Burress), tries to pragmatize the situation to him, he remarks, "You're condoning this? I'm disgusted with both of us."
Aaron is thrilled to learn that in a week, his father's, Clark, tumor should be gone. Clark (Billy Dee Williams) praises his son for being a "miracle worker" and demands that he stay in medicine. However, another biopsy reveals that his father has another type of cancer, with poor odds of recovery. In a scene that reveals that even Aaron Boise has vulnerability, he begs for hope from Gideon, but knows there's little hope for his father.
Despite Gideon's successful attempt to shrink the black candidate's tumor into eligibility (with chemo), the best he can do is secure him as a back-up. His patient is left disheartened and disappointed.
Sid calls Ollie in the hospital and tells her to go home, because her stalking ex-fiancee is in the hospital. Instead, she confronts her ex, in a dispute that Aaron witnesses. He, with force and threats throws the man out. Then, he tells Ollie that her promiscuity is causing these type of situations. She is offended and leaves.
Money confronts Cherry about his rudeness. In a tense scene, he explains his anguish, and how his job makes him feel like he's on life support, "alive and walking, but not feeling anything." She's not impressed, and invokes her own tough days. When he turns to leave, she gives him an ultimatum not to turn his back on her; he leaves anyway.
Aaron apologizes to Ollie for his presumptuousness earlier. He then confesses his true motive to a stunned Ollie, "I care about you--more than you know."
During the surgery to transplant the tumor in the gay man, the surgeons learn that he has lymphoma, and a liver would be useless. Gideon is forced to call the surgery off, meaning his patient gets the liver. The other doctor is understanding upon his return.
Aaron offers his extra bedroom so that Clark could continue to be treated locally by Gideon. Clark is largely flippant, but touched. Aaron later denies to Gideon that the gesture was one of love.
We see Aaron at home very exhausted mentally and listening to Jazz music. A knock at the door turns out to be Ollie. She simply says, "I heard about your father." He breaks down in her arms.


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The National Conference on Charter School Research will feature many nationally recognized scholars in three panel discussions. Each panelist will present the first version of a research analysis to the chair, discussant, and the general audience at the conference proceedings in September.
After the conference, panelists will have an opportunity to revise their preliminary findings and analyses. The revised papers will be published by Lawrence Erlbaum Associates in an edited volume for public dissemination next year. You may view the latest news on this publication at the National Center on School Choice website.
To fully engage conference participants with their new research findings on charter schools, authors will have the unique opportunity to post their conference papers on this webpage before the conference begins. Accordingly, we hope that you will check back in the next few weeks as we receive the preliminary versions of the authors' work for public dissemination through this webpage.
__Methods of Assessing the Achievement of Students in Charter Schools
__Caroline M. Hoxby and Sonali Murarka
__Teachers' Academic Focus on Learning in Charter and Traditional Public Schools
__Ellen Goldring and Xiu Cravens
__Charter Schools in California
__Ron Zimmer and Richard Buddin
__Charter Schools in North Carolina
__Robert Bifulco and Helen Ladd
__Charter Schools in Idaho
__Dale Ballou, Bettie Teasley, and Tim Zeidner
__Teams Versus Bureaucracies: Personnel Policy, Wage-Setting, and Teacher Quality
__Michael Podgursky
__Charter School Governance
__Paul T. Hill and Robin J. Lake
__Charter Law and Charter Outcomes: Re-Examining the Charter School Marketplace
__Kenneth K. Wong and Francis X. Shen
__Back to the Future
__Sheree T. Speakman
__Charter School Effects on Achievement: Where We Are and Where We're Going
__Mark Berends, Caroline Watral, Bettie Teasley, and Anna Nicotera


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What should you do when you get a brief to show global expansion in a year-end greeting? You let the design go places, of course! Afterall, In this age of ecards and motion graphics, you really have to go all out to create the wow. For me, the prototype one-fold card was a definite no.
Inspired by the model planes I assembled as a small boy, I worked the idea into a 3-dimensional boxed greeting card. I custom made a simple (but snazzy!) airplane for insertion into the box.
All in all, I proved that when it comes to creativity, the sky's definitely not the limit.


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Another complete school year means another exodus of local graduates to their next phase in life. Fo
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