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NOTE: THIS GUIDANCE REPLACES THE FOLLOWING OHRP GUIDANCE: "OHRP Guidance on Approving Research Involving Prisoners " (May 19, 2000) CLICK HERE THIS GUIDANCE HAS BEEN UPDATED FOR FORMAT AND TO PROVIDE ADDITIONAL GUIDANCE ON RESPONSIBILITIES OF IRBs AND INSTITUTIONS REQUIRED UNDER SUBPART C
Office for Human Research Protections
OHRP Guidance on the Involvement of Prisoners in Research
Date: May 23, 2003
A. General Regulatory BackgroundHHS regulations at 45 CFR part 46, subpart C provide additional protections pertaining to biomedical and behavioral research involving prisoners as subjects. The regulations are applicable to all biomedical and behavioral research conducted or supported by HHS. See 45 CFR 46.301. It is important to note that the regulations provide that "biomedical or behavioral research conducted or supported by HHS shall not involve prisoners as subjects" unless the research is specifically authorized within the subpart. See 45 CFR 46.306(b).
In the preamble to the final subpart C rule, the drafters noted: "In fact, most testimony before the Commission opposed the use of prisoners in any form of medical research not intended to benefit the individual prisoner." 43 Fed. Reg. 53652,53653 (November 16, 1978). HHS did determine that some limited research would be permissible but not "until additional and more stringent review procedures are conducted." Id. at page 53652.
B. Subpart C applies where any subject is or becomes a prisoner.The provisions of subpart C apply to any research conducted or supported by HHS in which prisoners are subjects. This includes situations where a human subject becomes a prisoner after the research has commenced. As the Purpose section of the regulation notes: "Inasmuch as prisoners may be under constraints because of their incarceration which could affect their ability to make a truly voluntary and uncoerced decision whether or not to participate as subjects in research, it is the purpose of this subpart to provide additional safeguards for the protection of prisoners involved in activities to which this subpart is applicable." 45 CFR 46.302. These concerns apply whether the research involves individuals who are prisoners at the time of enrollment in the research or who become prisoners after they become enrolled in the research. In the latter situation, it is unlikely that review of the research and the consent document contemplated the constraints imposed by incarceration.
C. What does the definition of prisoner encompass?"Prisoner" is defined by HHS regulations at 45 CFR part 46.303(c) as "any individual involuntarily confined or detained in a penal institution. The term is intended to encompass individuals sentenced to such an institution under a criminal or civil statute, individuals detained in other facilities by virtue of statutes or commitment procedures which provide alternatives to criminal prosecution or incarceration in a penal institution, and individuals detained pending arraignment, trial, or sentencing."
D. Special Composition of IRBIn addition to satisfying the requirements of 45 CFR 46.116 and 46.117, when an IRB reviews a protocol involving prisoners as subjects that is conducted or supported by HHS, the composition of the IRB must satisfy the following requirements of HHS regulations at 45 CFR 46.304(a) and (b):
• A majority of the IRB (exclusive of prisoner members) shall have no association with the prison(s) involved, apart from their membership on the IRB.In the absence of choosing someone who is a prisoner or has been a prisoner, the IRB should choose a prisoner representative who has a close working knowledge, understanding and appreciation of prison conditions from the perspective of the prisoner.
In addition, the IRB must notify OHRP of any change in the IRB roster occasioned by the addition of a prisoner or a prisoner representative, as required by HHS regulations at 45 CFR 46.103(b)(3). IRBs should be alert to the impact of roster changes on quorum requirements under HHS regulations at 45 CFR 46.108(b).
If a protocol involving prisoners as subjects is to be reviewed by more than one IRB, only one IRB must satisfy the requirement that at least one member of the IRB be a prisoner or a prisoner representative.
For research involving prisoners as subjects, the IRB must meet the special composition requirements of 45 CFR 46.304 for all types of review of the protocol, including initial review, continuing review, review of protocol amendments, and review of reports of unanticipated problems involving risks to subjects.
E. Additional duties of the IRB where prisoners are involved.When an IRB is reviewing a protocol in which a prisoner is a subject, the IRB must make, in addition to other requirements under 45 CFR 46, subpart A, seven additional findings under 45 CFR 46.305(a), as follows:
(1) the research under review represents one of the categories of research permissible under 45 CFR 46.306(a)(2);
F. Permitted research involving prisoners.For research conducted or supported by HHS to involve prisoners, two actions must occur:
(1) the institution engaged in the research must certify to the Secretary (through OHRP) that the IRB designated under its assurance of compliance has reviewed and approved the research under 45 CFR 46.305; and
G. Responsibilities of IRBs: Documentation of IRB Findings Required Under Subpart CPursuant to HHS regulations at 45 CFR 46.115(a), an institution or, when appropriate, an IRB, shall prepare and maintain adequate documentation of IRB activities. For the purposes of subpart C, the IRB activities include making the specific findings required under HHS regulations at 45 CFR 46.305(a). OHRP would consider documentation of protocol-specific information justifying each IRB finding required under 45 CFR 46.305(a) to be one way of adequately documenting the IRB activities required under subpart C.
H. Responsibilities of InstitutionsPursuant to HHS regulations at 45 CFR 46.115(a), an institution must maintain adequate documentation of IRB activities. These records must be made accessible to authorized representatives of HHS, at reasonable times and in a reasonable manner, under HHS regulations at 45 CFR 46.115(b). OHRP recommends that one way for an institution responsible for the conduct of the proposed research to adequately document the IRB review of the research:
• The curriculum vitae of the prisoner or prisoner representative serving on the IRB.Under 45 CFR 46.305(c), the institution responsible for conducting research involving prisoners that is supported by HHS shall certify to the Secretary (through OHRP) that the IRB has made the seven findings required under 45 CFR 46.305(a). The institution must send to OHRP a certification letter to this effect, which should also include the name and address of the institution and specifically identify the research protocol in question and any relevant HHS grant application or protocol. HHS conducted or supported research involving prisoners as subjects may not proceed until OHRP issues its approval in writing to the institution on behalf of the Secretary under 45 CFR 46.306(a)(2).
Under its authority at 45 CFR 46.115(b), OHRP requires that the institution responsible for the conduct of the proposed research also submit to OHRP a copy of the research proposal so that OHRP can determine whether the proposed research involves one of the categories of research permissible under 45 CFR 46.306(a)(2), and if so, which one. The term "research proposal" includes the IRB-approved protocol, any relevant HHS grant application or proposal, any IRB application forms required by the IRB, and any other information requested or required by the IRB to be considered during initial IRB review.
Prisoner research certification letters should be mailed to:
I. Responsibilities of OHRPFollowing receipt of the research proposal, OHRP will determine which, if any, of the four categories of research permissible under HHS regulations at 45 CFR 306(a)(2) the proposed research meets. OHRP will consult with appropriate experts with respect to certain research that falls under paragraphs (iii) and (iv) of 45 CFR 46.306(a)(2).
When applicable, OHRP also will publish in the Federal Register a notice of intent to approve such research. HHS conducted or supported research involving prisoners as subjects may not proceed until OHRP issues its approval in writing to the institution on behalf of the Secretary under 45 CFR 46.306(a)(2).
J. Frequently Asked Questions1. Does subpart C apply only where the research targets prisoners as subjects?
Answer: No, subpart C applies whenever any human subject in a research protocol subject to 45 CFR part 46 becomes a prisoner at any time during the study.
2. What should an investigator do if a subject becomes a prisoner after enrollment in research?
Answer: The investigator should report this situation to the IRB immediately.
3. What should be done when a subject becomes a prisoner after enrollment in a study which was not reviewed and approved by the IRB in accordance with the requirements of subpart C?
Answer: When a previously enrolled research subject becomes a prisoner and the relevant research protocol was NOT reviewed and approved by the institutional review board (IRB) in accordance with the requirements of HHS regulations at 45 CFR part 46, subpart C, the principal investigator should promptly notify the IRB of this event. All research interactions and interventions with, and obtaining identifiable private information about, the now-incarcerated prisoner-subject must cease until the requirements of subpart C have been satisfied with respect to the relevant protocol.
NOTE: OHRP has allowed one important exception. In special circumstances in which the principal investigator asserts that it is in the best interests of the subject to remain in the research study while incarcerated, the IRB Chairperson may determine that the subject may continue to participate in the research until the requirements of subpart C are satisfied.
Upon receipt of notification that a previously enrolled research subject has become a prisoner, the IRB should promptly re-review the protocol in accordance with the requirements of subpart C if the principal investigator wishes to have the prisoner subject continue to participate in the research.
It is important that the IRB remind the principal investigator that, except in the special circumstances noted above, all research interactions and interventions with, and obtaining identifiable private information about, the now-incarcerated prisoner-subject must cease until all of the requirements of subpart C have been satisfied with respect to the relevant protocol.
4. Is an adolescent (e.g., age 14) detained in a juvenile detention facility a prisoner?
Answer: Yes. In addition to subpart C, most likely subpart D would also apply.
5. Can research involving prisoners be expedited?
Answer: Yes, however, OHRP recommends that the convened IRB review research involving prisoners as human subjects.
6. Do the exemptions apply to research involving prisoners?
Answer: The exemptions at 45 CFR 46.101(b) do not apply to research involving prisoners. See 45 CFR 46.101(i), footnote 1.
7. What is the definition of minimal risk for prisoner research?
Answer: The definition of minimal risk for research involving prisoners can be found at 45 CFR 46.303(d). This definition, promulgated in 1978, differs from the definition of minimal risk in subpart A of 45 CFR 46. See 45 CFR 46. 102(i).
For research involving prisoners, the definition of minimal risk requires reference to physical or psychological harm, as opposed to harm or discomfort, to risks normally encountered in the daily lives, or routine medical, dental or psychological examination of healthy persons.
Last revised: June 25, 2004


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The Vancouver Holocaust Education Centre was urged to create an exhibit before all the refugees it commemorates are gone
The 'Enemy Aliens' exhibit at the Vancouver Holocaust Education Centre examines what some people call a Canadian footnote to the Holocaust.
(Jeff Vinnick For The Globe and Mail)
An internee wood-cutting crew at work in 1941 in Ripples, N.B. The man bottom left is future Quebec chief justice and arbitrator Fred Kaufman.
(Courtesy Fred Kaufman)
This photograph of an internee hard at work a camp in Sherbrooke, Que., was taken by Austrian refugee Marcell Seidler, who secretly used a handmade pinhole camera to document camp life.
(Marcell Seidler/Courtesy Eric Koch/Library and Archives Canada)
For helping in the war effort, internees were paid 20 to 50 cents a day in stamps that could be redeemed at a camp's canteen – and tried to put a positive gloss on a grim situation.
(Courtesy Fred Kaufman)
This shirt was issued to Austrian-born Alfred Bader, who was interned on Île-aux-Noix, Que. After his release in 1941, he attended Queen's University before becoming a noted chemist, businessman and collector of fine art.
(Jessica Bushey/Courtesy Alfred Bader)
This suitcase was brought to Canada by Peter Oberlander, who was detained in camps in Quebec and New Brunswick. After his release in 1941, he went on to become a professor of urban and regional planning at the University of British Columbia and was named to the Order of Canada.
(Jessica Bushey/Courtesy the Oberlander Family)
Letters on display at the 'Enemy Aliens' exhibit at the Vancouver Holocaust Education Centre.
(Jeff Vinnick For The Globe and Mail)
Rabbi Erwin Schild, 92, left, had a long career at Toronto's Adath Israel congregation. Walter Kohn, 89, went to the University of Toronto and Harvard, and eventually won a Nobel Prize in chemistry. He says he is fond of Canada.
(Jeff Vinnick For The Globe and Mail)

subset: commoncrawl


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Lacoste + Everglades Foundation: Water is Life
Wetlands play a key role in maintaining ecological balance among the myriad of flora and fauna living both in and near them. In South Florida, the Everglades represent the largest subtropical wetland ecosystem in North America. Spread over eight...
Coopertown Airboat Tour
A nine-mile long freshwater swamp teeming with exotic wildlife, Coopertown's airboat is an "only in Florida" experience, offering an up-close view of the Everglades. The family-run establishment uses a boat originally intended for frog hunting, keeping...
A melting pot located at the bottom tip of Florida, Miami is an exciting playground with international appeal. From its historic Art Deco glory days in the 1920s to its current position as the home to Art Basel, Miami has always been way more than...


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I went to the San Jose Flea Market today... I spent my day eating churros and fresh fruta, buying some cool stuff, and walking in the heat for hours cuz that place is huge. Some cool things I saw:
My favorite booth at the flea market is called "Time Warp" and they have the best collection of Cholo memorabilia. I'm like a little girl in a candy store when I'm there. They have the biggest collection of Oldies, and freestyle music it seriously makes my head spin. They also have dope Chicano art, books, and movies. If you're ever at the San Jose Flea Market make sure to stop by and say hi, they're really cool folks.
I love this Lowrider bike booth. They got a all kinds of bike parts and accessories, as well as already built bikes. I wish a had one... I think building one might be one of my future projects.
There were a bunch of booths selling t-shits with clever paisa/chicano/pop sayings and graphics. Here are a few that caught my eye and cracked me up a bit.
Ahhhhhahhhhhhahhh cracks my shit up!!!
Ahhhhhahhhhhha, I hella have relatives and friends that call "Kornflackes" the cereal by the paisa name "Konfleis", I do too sometimes.
Brown humor, love it!!!
I grew up watching El Chavo del Ocho, I love that show... brings back hella childhood memories.
I want this one for my birthday, hint hint ;-)
Anybody up for a pony ride? Anybody?
This other booth had all the latest cholo apparel hahaha. I don't know why I have a weak spot for cholos wearing Charlie Browns (pictured above) they always get me, damn it!
They had row after row of shelves packed with Ben Davis and Dickies pants and shorts. I don't wear the pants anymore cuz I'm trying to be more lady like and wear dresses and shit, but I did buy a dope Dickies jacket for the winter.


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DENVER – For the fourth consecutive meetings between Denver and Rapid City, the teams needed a shootout to decide the outcome. And, for the third straight time, the Cutthroats defeated the Rush, this time by a score of 3-2.
The Fish scored on 3-of-4 attempts in the shootout, including Brad Smyth's game-winner, and stopped all three Rush shooters. With the victory, Denver (14-8-1) moved into a tie for second place in the standings with Allen.
J.P. Chabot opened the scoring in the first period, with assists coming from Mario Boilard and Joel Chouinard.
The Rush (11-7-5) scored the next two goals in the second, coming off the sticks of Scott Brannon and Travis Llewellyn. Brannon's goal came on the power play.
Luke Fulghum netted his own power play marker, tying the game at two towards the end of the second.
After a scoreless third period and overtime, the game went to a shootout. Cutthroats goalie Kieran Millan stepped up, making three shootout saves and 25 during the rest of the game to earn his seventh win.
The Fish are at it again Friday in a home bout against the Allen Americans.Tags: Colorado, Colorado Avalanche, Cutthroats, Denver, Hockey, Kieran Millan, NHL


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Volvo has been famous for its station wagons since the first model, the Duett, debuted in 1953, and the Swedish company celebrated 60 years of producing wagons in 2013. Many people were understandably disappointed when Volvo discontinued its V70 wagon in 2011, choosing instead to focus on sedans to keep up with popular market demand.
Happily, Volvo returned to the game in 2015 with the unveiling of its V60 station wagon -- a model with features tempting enough to sway buyers away from other top contenders such as the Acura TSX and Volkswagen Jetta SportWagen.
The V60 is a five-passenger luxury model similar to Volvo's S60 sedan. It handles like a smaller car, yet provides the flexibility and added space of a larger vehicle, without venturing into crossover territory. Unlike earlier Volvo models, the V60 is more akin to a hatchback than a wagon, with classy styling, all the latest tech features, and top-notch handling.
A 2-liter turbo-charged 4-cylinder Drive-E engine powers front-wheel drive models, and all-wheel drives come with a 2.5-liter four-cylinder turbo, which can be upgraded to a 3-liter V6 turbo. There are plenty of luxury upgrades available for those who want an even cushier ride.


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PACAMBRI-L ArchivesArchiver > PACAMBRI > 2010-05 > 1273272181
Subject: [PACAMBRI] Comment:: Cemetery - Thomas Adams - St Michael,Loretto - St Augustine
Date: Fri, 07 May 2010 18:43:01 -0400
References: <839BDAE4B75240889C44DCC38FEF0BCC@UserPC>
In-Reply-To: <839BDAE4B75240889C44DCC38FEF0BCC@UserPC>
I agree with jim--in the past parents often named multiple--not
just two--the same name, when the original child died. At one point,
in France, children were not named at all unless they lived to be a
year old. Few children lived to grow up then.
My emigrant great-great-great grandmother was named Mary Ann
[Maria Anna] Flick, as was a sister. Till I found her tombstone in St.
Benedict's, Carrolltown, I thought she was the second Mary Ann, but she
was the first--according to the dates on her baptism and tombstone.
Any reason for that? I think her sister Mary Ann died, but I can
find no record of it in Alsace or America.
Marilyn Kline Washington
-----Original Message-----
From: James Thomas Rosenbaum <>
To: Donna Noel Julian <>
Cc: Message <>
Sent: Thu, May 6, 2010 7:43 am
Subject: [PACAMBRI] Fw: Cemetery - Thomas Adams - St Michael, Loretto
- St Augustine
Good detective work on the Tom of 1823-1823
However, I disagree with the statement:
The birthdate on the real Thomas Jr's headstone is wrong (1822) but
even if
it were correct why would the same parents name another son Thomas a
later? It doesn't add up
The reason being, parents often named the next child the same name when
lost one. In fact it happens multiple times in a good number of
families. I
do not knnow about Tom 1822 though.
Now who are the parents of the Tom in this article:
Cambria Freeman, Ebensburg, PA, 14 NOV 1873
St. Augustine, Nov. 10, 1873
Dear Freeman—
On Thursday morning last, 6th instant, Mr. Thomas Adams, a highly
citizen of this vicinity, was fatally injured by an accident, the
circumstances of which were as follows: Mr. Adams and others in his
were engaged in taking down an old log house near his residence, three
having entered the old house to throw off the logs. Mr. Adams was at
time near his new home, but had, unnoticed by the men, approached the
that was being demolished, when they rolled off one log and two others
followed in quick succession. Just then one of the men, hearing a
noise, looked down and saw Mr. Adams lying under the first log that had
thrown down. They all went immediately to his assistance, and carried
into his house, where he received the rites of the Catholic Church, and
within two hours from the time he received the injury. He was 51 years
age, and leaves a wife and eight children to mourn his untimely end.
Thus in
the midst of life we are in death.
More information and corrections on the three Thomas Adams.
>> Update to previous post re: three Thomas Adams. Information source:
>> Kriss
>>>The Thomas Adams Family:
>>>St. Augustine Cemetery:
>>>1. Thomas Adams b. 24 Aug 1824 bp. 5 Sep 1824 s/o Joseph Adams and
>>>Mary Inlow; d. 6 Nov 1873 buried St. Augustine Cemetery
>>>1st h/o Anna Smith-Adams Scanlan **From Gary Kriss: wife is
>>>incorrect--this Thomas Adams married Mariah Huber
>>>2. Thomas W. Adams b. 6 Jul 1817 bp. 3 Aug 1817 s/o William Adams and
>>>Eva Sanker d. 19 Nov 1891 bur. 21 Nov 1891 St. Augustine Cemetery
>>>Married 1) 4 Jul 1843 Catherine Fetters
>>>Married 2) Catherine Unknown ? (See notes) **From Gary Kriss: This
>>>lady is a mystery--no one researching the family seems to have
>>>her. As is often the case, the 1880 census has ages skewed, but it
>>>does look like the right family.
>>>3) Thomas Adams Sr. b. 10 Nov 1792 Huntingdon Co. s/o Joseph Adams
>>>and Elizabeth Haines d. 20 Aug 1871 bur. St. Augustine Cemetery
>>>Married Rachel Bridget McGuire
>>>St. Michael Cemetery:
>>>4) Thomas P. Adams Jr. b. 14 Jan 1823 bp. 26 Feb 1823 s/o Thomas
>>>Adams and Rachel Bridget McGuire d. 6 Nov 1823 bur. St. Michael
>> **From: Gary Kriss re: above entry - First of all, please note:
>> Thomas Adams b. 1-14-1823, d. 11-06-1823, did not exist. See
>> correction in Vol 2 of Ledoux, page 75: 2143 ADAMS, Thomas (#3531,
>> Vol. I) read d. 1873. I have no idea how he got mixed into the
>> Loretto records, but I have always been suspicious of him. The two
>> deaths on Nov 6, decades apart was too much of a coincidence. Also,
>> the parents of both Thomases are always identified as Thomas and
>> Rachel. They could not have had two sons named Thomas born on the
>> same day, one of whom died and one of whom lived. The birthdate on
>> the real Thomas Jr's headstone is wrong (1822) but even if it were
>> correct why would the same parents name another son Thomas a year
>> later? It doesn't add up--and Ledoux solves the problem with this
>> correction. So Thomas Adams, b. 1823, should be removed from the St
>> Michael's index. He isn't there.
>> Thomas is alive and well and living with his parents in 1850. ~dnj
>> - - - - - - - - - -
>> Search for more Cambria County information on our webpage:
>> http://www.camgenpa.com/
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Showing Results: Most Recent
This review is from: RJ45 RJ11 RJ12 CAT5 UTP NETWORK LAN USB CABLE TESTER
Pros: Does test network and phone cables. If you know the pin out for crossover network cables it even will test them.
Cons: It says in the title of this product that it tests usb. Good thing i didn't buy it for that because this does not at all test usb.
Other Thoughts: You need both the master and the remote to test. I tried using the remote end to test cables that are attached to my router. I didn't try the master this way because i did not want to short anything outREAD FULL REVIEW
This review is from: GIGABYTE GV-N84STC-512I GeForce 8400 GS Supporting up to 512MB(128MB 64-bit GDDR3 onboard) PCI Express 2.0 x16 HDCP Ready Low Profile Ready Video Card
Pros: Works with debian linux. Also is low profile and comes with bracket. Can use this card for any monitor connection. Has covers for the connections so you can leave them in place for the ones your not useing.
Cons: You loose vga if you got low profile.
Other Thoughts: Have not tested hdmi on a tv. I do know that Windows 7 64bit and ubuntu look great using hdmi. Wish it had S-video too so this card could be used for an ultimate htpc.READ FULL REVIEW
This review is from: Rosewill RH-40C 3.5mm Connector Circumaural Multimedia Stereo Headset
Pros: Sound great after about 3 house of sound through them.
Cons: Well. Mic is ok, dont use it. Volume control likes to cut one side in and out. One wrong drop and there history.
Other Thoughts: There a nice pair to get you by with. Not built the greatest. Weak plastic. They cover your ears.
I will not buy this again nor probably anything by this company again.


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Red flesh type- Crimson Sweet (open pollinated)
- Glory (hybrid)
Seed Sources
Crimson Sweet- a, b, c, d, e, f, h
Glory- g
|a. Abbott & Cobb, Inc.
P. O. Box F307
Feasterville, PA 19047
|b. Asgrow Seed Co.
P. O. Box 1087
Tracy, CA 95376
|c. W. Atlee Burpee & Co.
300 Park Avenue
Warminster, PA 18974
|d. Harris Seeds
961 Lyell Avenue
Rochester, NY 14606
|e. Siegers Seed Co 8265 Felch St. Zeeland, MI 49464
|f. Stokes Seeds Inc.
Box 548
Buffalo, NY 14240
|g. American Takii, Inc.
301 Natividad Road
Salinis, CA 93906
|h. Otis S. Twilley
P. O. Box 65
Trevose, PA 19047
Soil Preparation
Watermelons prefer well drained sandy soils. The soil should be well plowed down to about 12 inches. Animal manure have appeared beneficial for early plant establishment leading to higher quality melons.
Manures may be applied in a furrow and covered 3 - 4 inches just below the planting row at the rate of about 4 tons per acre.
It is encouraged that stubble mulch or something similar be provided to ensure rapid vine extension and establishment and to minimize effects of the winds which could roll the vines from side to side interfering with fruit set and development.
Planting Layout and Irrigation
Usually, watermelon planting rows are laid out perpendicular to the prevailing tradewind. One line of trickle irrigation tubing is layed in this planting row. This layout permits the vines to grow down-wind (leeward direction) from where the seeds are p lanted and the up-wind side (windward side) should be free of vines. Two to three weeks after planting another trickle irrigation line should be laid on the leeward side about 20 inches away from the planted row. This is where the first and possibly sec ond sidedressing of fertilizer could be applied. Three to four weeks after planting still another trickle line should be layed on the windward side about 20 inches from the planted row. This is where most of the fertilizer sidedressings would be applied .
In areas where root rots could be a problem, one could consider planting in the middle of a raised bed 48 to 60 inches wide and 4 to 6 inches high.
The frequency and duration of irrigation depends largely on the weather, soil type and to some extent soil borne diseases particularly after the 12th week. In general, melons are irrigated via trickle two to three times a week, four to six hours per irri gation. For heavy soils and if plastic mulch is used one to two irrigations per week may be enough. The fruit set and early fruit development periods are particularly critical in that the growers should avoid water stressing the plants. The crop should not be irrigated heavily just before and during harvesting, for it usually inhibits sugar development in the fruit.
Citrullus vulgaris Cucurbitaceae
Papaya Ring Spot Virus
Oidium sp., powdery mildew
Colletotrichum lagenarium, anthracnose
Melaidogyne sp., root-knot nematode
Mycosphaerella citrullina, gumming stem blight
Optimum pH: 5.5 - 6.8
Amount of N, P, K Taken up by Average Crop (lbs./acre)
Soil Amendment and Fertilization
Fertilizer and lime rates should be based on soil test results. For most Hawaiian soils with pH less than 5.0 and a calcium content below 2,000 lbs./acre, apply one ton (2,000 lbs.) per acre (4.5 lbs./100 square feet) of agricultural lime or its equivale nt 8 - 12 weeks before planting and broadcast incorporate at least 12 inches. One may consider incorporating just in the planting row (about a four feet swath).
For soils with less than 25 lbs./acre available phosphate, apply 1,000 lbs./acre (2.25 lbs./100 square feet) of treble superphosphate or its equivalent and incorporate at least 12 inches. Both lime and the phosphate could be incorporated together.
For soils low in magnesium, apply 150 - 200 lbs./acre magnesium sulfate (epsom salt) just before planting.
After adjusting deficiencies for pH and phosphorus or for soils within the acceptable pH range and moderate levels of available phosphorus, potassium, magnesium and calcium incorporate in the planting row 600 lbs./acre (1-1/3 lbs./100 square feet) of 10-2 0-20 fertilizer or its equivalent before planting (or transplanting). If magnesium is low, epsom salt could be applied with the 10-20-20. Three to four, six to eight, 10 - 12 and 14 - 16 weeks after planting, sidedress with 300 - 400 lbs./acre (2/3 to 1 lb. per 100 square feet) of 15-15-15 or its equivalent plus 100 lbs./acre sulfate of ammonia (21-0-0) or its equivalent on the windward side of the planted row (assuming vines are extending out to the leeward direction). It is suggested that the sidedre ssing be lightly covered with soil. Additional applications of fertilizers may depend on the progress of the crop.
For fields that have been heavily manured, the early nitrogen applications should be reduced or omitted. Additional nitrogen may be applied 10 - 12 weeks after planting.
Watermelons are not adapted for long storage. At 40 degrees to 50 degrees F and 80 - 85 percent relative humidity, watermelons should keep two to three weeks. Watermelons lose red color at low storage temperatures, even at 50 degrees F; while color at 70 degrees F is intensified. Flavor is improved by holding for a week at room temperature.
Varies according to varieties, location, weather, culture, etc. Generally Crimson Sweet takes about 90 days from seeding and Glory takes about 80 days.
Length of Harvest
Varies, depending on pest incidence, culture, weather, etc.
Generally, between two to four weeks. It may be appropriate to remember that under favorable conditions growers have been able to harvest for as long as three months.
Estimated Yield
Varies, depending primarily on length of harvest. The average yield in the state (last 20 years) is 13,600 lbs./acre and (last five years) 19,800 lbs./acre.
Pruning of Fruits, Determining Maturity and Harvesting of Watermelons
In Hawaii, pruning or thinning of fruits is essentially the removal of deformed and melonfly-stung fruits. Deformed fruits results primarily from water stress and/or insufficient pollination. These fruits are removed at an early stage in order to obtain uniformly well-shaped fruits. In some instances growers remove well-formed fruits if there are more than two or three melons already developing on the plant, usually when there are more than three fruits on a plant, the younger fruits self aborts.
The theory involved in pruning is that when the number of melons per plant is reduced, the plant's producing power will be concentrated in a smaller number of fruits, thereby increasing size and perhaps quality.
Watermelons must be harvested at the right stage of maturity and should come from strong healthy vines. Fruits harvested too early, too late or from weak growing vines will be of poor eating quality. There are a number of ways to determine whether the w atermelon is ripe. The surest method is to stake and label each melon with the date when it reaches three inches in diameter, this melon should be ripe 30 days later. During the first week when Crimson Sweet or Glory melons are just developing, a growe r can accurately determine its age in days by the size of the melon therefore, the person staking (with dates) usually can back-date larger melons estimating when it was three inches in diameter.
Other means of determining the maturity of melons should employ as many as possible a combination of the following factors: (Experience may be necessary to employ the following characteristics.)
Pests on Watermelons
Aphis gossypii Glover, Melon Aphid
Dacus cucurbitae Coquillett, Melon Fly
Liriomyza sativae Blanchard, Vegetable Leafminer
Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess), Chrysanthemum Leafminer
Pycnoderes quadrimaculatus Guerin-Mene., Bean Caspid
Tetranychus neocalidonicus Andre, Vegetable Mite
Thrips palmi Karny, Melon Thrips
Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood), Greenhouse Whitefly
Usually direct seeded, later thinned to one plant per three feet of row; i.e. two plants every six feet, etc.
Planting Schedule
Year round from sea level to 2,000 feet elevation. March - September, 2,000 feet to 3,000 feet elevation. Best market demand March through October; highest prices, March and April.
Assuming culture employing trickle irrigation and plastic mulch, space plants three feet apart between plants and 10 - 12 feet between rows. Allow 6 - 7 feet extra space between every two rows for spray and harvest equipment.
Amount of Seed
Direct seeding - 1 to 2 lbs./acre
Transplanting - 1/3 to 1/2 lb./acre
Seeding Depth
3/4 - 1 inch
For sweeping winds across flat areas, a wiliwili, Erythrina spp., windbreak planting or something similar spaced every 200 feet perpendicular to the wind direction plus at least a row of triploid sudex or double row of corn planted for every two rows of w atermelon. The corn or sudex should be planted two to three weeks before the watermelons and shreaded at about 80 days (before corn seeds mature). For some melon farms it may be necessary to remove the sudex or corn in order to protect watermelons from some unwelcomed harvesters.
Black polyethylene mulch can provide benefits in watermelon production. They include: reducing the cost of early weed control, enhancing the early growth and establishment of the crop, may also enhance nematicide activity, minimize leaching of soluble n utrients during heavy rains and maintaining a more uniform soil moisture level between irrigations.


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On Our Radar: New York Look Goes Online
New York Magazine has just launched New York Look online. This fabulous site is easy to navigate and offers a breakdown of the best 2008 Fall runway trends. There are a ton of web-exclusive goodies to look through including a Q&A with Karl Lagerfeld and model Chanel Iman. If you're a fashion photography buff, like me, make sure to check out Chris Anderson's amazing photo documentary of the New York and Paris fashion shows.


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The Anderson
1 bedroom Self-contained apartment for rent in South Melbourne
$150.00 - $315.00*per dayprice range estimate for 2 guests*
This South Melbourne, 1 bedroom apartment is a stone's throw to Melbourne Sports and Acquatic Centre (MSAC) and Albert Park, home of the Australian Grand Prix. South Melbourne Market is just a 10 minute walk which is a foodie's haven. It is full to the brim with fresh produce - everything from seafood to cured meats, fruits, veggies, flowers, cheeses, cakes, coffee & some great lunch options including the famous South Melbourne Dim Sims.
This apartment is well suited to a couple's getaway or a corporate stay, only 2km's from the Melbourne Convention and Exhibition Centre. The main bedroom features a plush queen bed, small TV and DVD as well as the ensuite which features a shower and separate toilet.
Jump on the free Wifi and see what Melbourne has to offer and go exploring. Public transport within 100m, Alternatively if you are bringing your car, we can provide you with an on street parking permit upon request.
Relax at the apartment on the impressive deck with views and BBQ for outdoor dining or cook up a delicious meal in the surprisingly well stocked kitchen from a corkscrew to a pasta colander. The living zone features a split system which flows well into all areas of the apartment. The futon lounge converts to a bed for a 3rd guest, with prime viewing of the Sony HD TV.
Please note this is a non-smoking property and is located on the first floor (access via stairs).
Island bench with 4 bar stools, oven, ceramic cook top, large stainless steel fridge, microwave and dishwasher. There is also a washing machine and clothes dryer.
Bedroom and Bathroom Details
Bedroom Configuration
Bedroom 1 – Queen Bed
Lounge Room – Futon Lounge which folds out to a bed.
Linen and towels are supplied for you.
Bathroom Configuration
Ensuite – a shower suite and separate toilet.
Make a booking request now
Security Deposit
Please note we will deduct $500 from your credit card 7 days prior to your arrival. This will then be returned upon inspection of the property after your departure. Our rates are based on twin share. Fees will apply for excess guests not agreed in advance. Please include all adults and children in your enquiry. If you have babies please advise their ages also.
We provide you with a starter pack of essential house hold items such as toiletries, dish washing detergent, washing powder, dish cloths, scrubbing brush, paper towels and toilet paper on check in. You will then need to purchase all necessities for the continuation of your stay.
Note: Variances can be agreed on but only by arrangement with the owner in writing.
If arrival is one month or less from booking date, full payment, non-refundable, is required to secure the booking. Payment of the rental amount constitutes the clients acceptance of these Terms and Conditions.
A Deposit is non-refundable and is required to secure the booking. Payment of the rental amount constitutes the clients acceptance of these Terms and Conditions.
Balance of the rental amount must be received in full one month prior to arrival. If not Rejuvenate Stays reserves the right to cancel the booking and attempt to re-let it.
All credit card transactions will be processed in Australian Dollars. Please note any International transfer fees will need to be paid by the guest in addition to rental charge.
Cancellation Procedures
All Cancellations will incur a $150 Administration Fee.
If the booking is cancelled two months or more prior to commencement date, any deposit will be refunded minus the Administration Fee.
If the booking is cancelled less than two months prior to commencement date any refund is subject to a confirmed re-booking of the premises for the total period booked, or, if the property is re-let, a full refund will be given less $150 cancellation fee.
Every effort will be made to ensure the property is available as booked. However we reserve the right to make alterations to bookings due to unforeseen circumstances.
Conditions of Letting
To maintain a good standard for our guests we require certain conditions to be complied with. We appreciate most will respect our property but the occasional abuse requires that we state the following conditions.
- Number of guests should not exceed the number stated on the Booking Confirmation or subsequently agreed in writing or email. Our rates are based on twin share. Fees will apply for excess guests not agreed in advance and for the use of additional bedrooms. Overcrowding is illegal in Victoria and will result in all occupants being evicted from the house immediately.
- A $500 security deposit must be paid at least 5 days prior to your arrival. This will then be returned upon inspection of the property after your departure. If we need to make a claim against your security deposit it covers an amount up to $1000. It is designed to cover any additional costs incurred including but not limited to, any breakage, damage or excess cleaning requirements, extra guests beyond those declared etc.
- Use of Premises: The premises are let for holiday/short term residential purposes ONLY and only for the period stated on the booking form. NO weddings, parties, or large gatherings are allowed unless agreed to by Rejuvenate Stays prior to booking. Any type of function, party or large get together will incur a penalty of $1000 plus any extra charges incurred such as cleaning, and guests may be asked to vacate the premises. If in doubt, please ask at time of booking to avoid a potentially difficult situation later.If you intend to use the property for other non-residential purposes uses such as commercial use, meetings, filming and photography etc (even if someone may be staying at the property while this is going on) this MUST be disclosed at time of initial booking. Normal tariffs will NOT apply and a specific quote for this purpose must be obtained. A penalty of $1000 will be imposed if this type of use is not disclosed when booking.
- Damage, Breakages, Theft and Loss are the tenant's responsibility during their stay and replacement or repair charges will apply. Any loss of keys will incur a $50 replacement charge and any loss of scanners will incur a $150 replacement fee if not otherwise specified.
- Arrival: The premises are available from 2:00pm on day of arrival. You will be advised of access arrangements in the booking confirmation. Please contact Rejuvenate Stays a few days before your arrival for your access code and final instructions. These will be given once the Bond form is returned.
- Departure: Checkout time is 10:00am, unless prior arrangements have been made. On departure please turn off all lights and ensure all windows and doors are locked. Please wash and put away all dishes and place all rubbish in allocated bins on vacating and please put bins out for collection. If you do not depart strictly at 10:00am, unless otherwise specified, you will incur a fee of $50 per hour.
- Disturbance to neighbours, including excessive noise, is prohibited and may result in termination of rental and loss of bond.
- Pets Policy (designated properties only)
Strictly no pets allowed that have not been advised to us prior to arrival in any of our Pet friendly properties. Please check again if your property allows pets. The onus of responsibility is on the pet owner to advise us of this.
Strictly no pets indoors thank you. Tenants should agree to keep their pets under control at all times, so that they don't disturb other tenants and their guests. We require tenants to clean up after their pets, both outside the apartment, and in all common areas of the property. Please do not leave pets unsupervised for an unreasonable period of time as they do become distressed. We request that dogs be on a leash at all times outside of the property. Any breach will incur a deduction from the Bond
The only exception is Colour Pop in Fitzroy. Pets are allowed indoors however they are not allowed at any time to be on the beds or furniture. Pet owners will need to ensure extra cleaning is done to remove any traces of their pets, both inside and outside the house. If our cleaners need to clean up after your pets, excess cleaning fees will be passed on to you – this may include replacement of linen if it is found your pets have been inside on any beds, and any extra treatments necessary, so please allow the extra time to clean well before you leave.
- House supplies – All premises are fully equipped. A small complimentary supply only of kitchen/ bathroom necessities (detergent/soap etc) is provided. Any further supplies are the guest's responsibility.
- Guests Property –No responsibility is taken for guests' personal property left on or near the premises. Doors and windows at the premises should be secured at ALL times. If guests' property is found, any costs associated with returning the goods will be at the guests' expense.
- Liability – No liability is accepted for any injury, debt, damage, loss, delay, expense or inconvenience caused directly or indirectly by events beyond the accommodation provider's control
- Guests must use the outdoor shower to rinse off any excess mud, dirt or sand before entering the house. (Applicable properties only) Please check with us if you are unsure if you are staying in one of these properties.
- Barbeques – Where a barbeque is supplied at a property, it should already be clean at the beginning of your stay – you must let us know straight away if this is not the case, as if it is dirty at the end of your stay you may be charged for its cleaning. Leaving a clean barbeque is part of your checkout procedure. We try to have the gas bottle filled adequately at all times, however on occasions this may be missed. If you run out of gas then please get it refilled or swapped at a service station, and we will happily refund you (receipts must be provided of course!).
- The description of the premises is given in good faith and no responsibility for misinterpretation will be accepted. No refund is given if you are not satisfied with your accommodation.
- Any breach of the above conditions permits the owner to refuse the key, or immediately terminate the occupancy with forfeiture of your rent.
- Please advise us of any issues you may discover within an hour of check in so any problems can be checked and rectified if necessary. No refunds of rental money will be considered after departure without this notification
Public Transport
Tram – 2 minute walk Aughtie Dr/Albert Rd,
Albert Park Station/Light Rail – 2 minute walk on Ferrars St.
- Melbourne Sports & Aquatic Centre just across the road
- Albert Park Station/Light Rail 270m
- South Melbourne Market 10 minute walk
- Bridport St, home of Andrew Burgers 500m
- Albert Park Golf Course, 6min drive
- Melbourne Cricket Ground (MCG) 10min drive
- Melbourne Zoo 14 minute drive
- Melbourne Convention and Exhibition Centre 2km
- Station Pier 7min drive
- South Melbourne Beach 20min walk
- Scienceworks 15min drive


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JOHN Osman will replace Ken Maddock as the leader of Somerset County Council, it was announced this afternoon (May 1).
Cllr Osman will be formally elected as leader of the Conservative group on May 16 following Mr Maddock's announcment that he would step down last month.
Mr Maddock resigned to run for role of Avon and Somerset Police's first Crime Commissioner.
Speaking at the time, Mr Maddock said: "Deciding to stand down as Somerset County Council leader has been a really hard decision, a real wrench.
"But the new Police role is hugely important and influential. With my experience in commerce, in public service, and my contacts in local, regional and national politics, I feel I have a lot to offer."


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Military Rank
As a nation state, Italy has emerged only in 1871. Until then the country was politically divided into a large number of independant cities, provinces and islands. The currently available evidences point out to a dominant Etruscan, Greek and Roman cultural influence on today's Italians.
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Military Rank
Does anyone have information about the military affiliation, etc. for the person in the attached photo? I do know that he was a colonel.
- liviomoreno
- Master
- Posts: 5742
- Joined: 13 Feb 2004, 00:00
- Location: Rome, Italy
- Contact:
Re: Military Rank
Could be Artiglieria=Artillery or Genio=Engineer Corps.
See http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/c ... atches.png
See http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/c ... atches.png
La mia genealogia: http://liviomoreno.altervista.org/Genealogia/Index.html
La mia genealogia: http://liviomoreno.altervista.org/Genealogia/Index.html
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OnomasticoYesterday : s. Cristina di Bolsena Today : s. Giacomo il Maggiore Tomorrow : s. Anna, s. Gioacchino


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Moderncat is partnering with two other great design blogs, Design Milk and Mod-Dog, to bring you this awesome contest and your chance to win a Sleepypod! We're looking for the ugliest pet bed out there. We figure the pet with the worst napping spot deserves something better, so we are going to do what we can to help.
To enter:
Send a photo of your pet's ugly, gross, disgusting, hideous, gnarly pet bed OR the pathetic place your pet currently uses as a bed. Both cat and dog owners are welcome to enter. We want to see the yuckiest!
Design Milk, along with Moderncat and Mod-Dog will narrow the entries down to a select few. Readers of all three blogs will then vote on Design Milk to determine the First and Second Place winners. The winner will be announced in a future post on Design Milk.
Photos should be emailed to email@example.com with subject line "Sleepypod Contest".
Please note: Sleepypods are designed for pets 15lbs and under. We apologize, but large dogs are excluded from the contest. Maybe we will have another contest just for large dogs
First Place winner: Your choice of one Sleepypod or Sleepypod mini in the color you prefer (subject to availability).
The Second Place winner will receive a print courtesy of Mod-Dog (examples below).
A Sleepypod is a pet carrier with a removable top so that it can easily be used as a pet bed (view demo). Sleepypods are designed to reduce stress on your pet when on-the-go. Learn more at Sleepypod.
Contest begins on October 1, 2008 and ends on October 31, 2008. Voting will then occur. The winner will be announced no later than November 30th, 2008.
One entry per pet. If you have 5 pets per household that meet the criteria, then you can enter 5 times (once for each pet).
This contest is being made possible by Sleepypod, Design Milk, Mod-Dog, and Moderncat.


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Regular price: $20.01
Sale price: $15.39
Estimated Shipping Cost: $13.95
Add item to cart to check stock levels.
This Antique Silver Cast Iron Decorative Seahorse Bottle Opener 6 is the perfect addition to any nautical themed kitchen. Both decorative and reliable, this rustic cast iron bottle opener will open even the most difficult of bottles with ease. This fully functional bottle opener also allows for easy decorative mounting and can be a great gift for the true nautical enthusiast in your life. This cast iron bottle opener is perfect for all settings- on the beach, at a picnic or bbq, while tailgating, or wherever you need to quench your thirst.Features


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Sgt. Christopher Coale
Date: September 02, 2011 7:00 PM
A DUI/Driver's License Checkpoint was held on Thursday, September 1, 2011 at the intersection of Lincoln and Grand Avenues in partnership with law enforcement nationwide during the Summer/Labor Day Campaign. It ran from 6:00 PM to 11:00 PM.
One thousand, two hundred and twenty one (1,221) vehicles passed through the screening lanes that checked both north and south bound traffic.
Six suspected intoxicated drivers were given field sobriety tests, but none of them were found to be legally impaired. No DUI arrests were made.
However, five drivers operating their vehicles with suspended licenses were arrested, and six unlicensed drivers were cited.
One driver with an outstanding warrant was arrested and two moving safety violations were issued. Ten vehicles were towed.
The Marin County Avoid the 13 Task Force has also deployed DUI Driver's License Checkpoints, Multi Agency DUI Task Force operations and local Roving DUI patrols during 18 day Summer/Labor Day Campaign.
The national Driver Sober or Get Pulled Over crackdown is led by NHTSA with the California Avoid DUI Task Force Campaign combining high-visibility enforcement and heightened public awareness through publicity. For more information, visit the High-Visibility Enforcement Campaign Headquarters at http://www.StopImpairedDriving.org.
Statewide and local Avoid DUI Task Force Campaign Enforcement Schedules and Daily DUI Arrest/Fatal Stats, visit the http://www.californiaavoid.org. The Program is funded by the California Office of Traffic Safety who reminds everyone to please – Report Drunk Driving – Call 9-1-1!


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The doctoral program at TWU is designed to develop future educators and clinical researchers. It emphasizes the scientific basis of clinical practice and allows each student an opportunity to work closely with a mentor in their area of clinical interest. We are proud to have a large faculty with over 18 PhD-trained and 10 board certified specialists through the APTA's specialization process. With this in mind, the TWU PT faculty across both campuses have a broad range of research interests and teaching expertise.
The faculty at TWU is committed to assisting the students in learning advanced research skills, laboratory development, and grant and manuscript writing skills, which will allow them to function successfully in the academic setting. A major requirement for the student is to perform clinically based research and to write a dissertation. Initial core course work can be taken on a part-time basis while the student is employed full or part-time since the majority of these classes are held on weekends or in the evening.
The post-professional Ph.D. degree program at TWU is characterized by an initial flexible time period to complete core, statistics and computer courses. However, students are expected to spend at least 50 percent of their time on campus for one or two semesters based on individual objectives, practice and research requirements. This time period satisfies the residency requirement. The core courses provide methods for critically designing and analyzing research studies, and for developing skills, computer knowledge and programming abilities. Specialized areas of concentration are developed through practicum, independent study, dissertation and elective coursework.
page last updated 7/18/2017 9:41 AM


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Inspections, Compliance, Enforcement, and Criminal Investigations
Double W Dairy 9/26/13
Department of Health and Human Services
|Public Health Service
Food and Drug Administration
|Denver District Office
Building 20-Denver Federal Center
P.O. Box 25087
Denver, Colorado 80225-0087
September 26, 2013
VIA UPS Overnight Mail
Mr. Marc A. Wailes, Co-Owner
Double W Dairy, LP
416 S. Campbell
Holyoke, Colorado 80734-9313
Ref: # DEN-13-22-WL
Dear Mr. Wailes:
On July 9 and 11, 2013, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) conducted an investigation of your dairy operation located at 18285 County Road 37, Holyoke, Colorado 80734-2038. This letter notifies you of the violations of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (the FD&C Act) that we found during our investigation of your operation. You can find the FD&C Act and its associated regulations on the Internet through links on FDA's web page at www.fda.gov.
We found that you offered for sale an animal for slaughter as food that was adulterated. Under section 402(a)(2)(C)(ii) of the FD&C Act, 21 U.S.C. § 342(a)(2)(C)(ii), a food is deemed to be adulterated if it bears or contains a new animal drug that is unsafe under section 512 of the FD&C Act, 21 U.S.C. § 360b. Further, under section 402(a)(4) of the FD&C Act, 21 U.S.C. § 342(a)(4), a food is deemed to be adulterated if it has been held under insanitary conditions whereby it may have been rendered injurious to health.
Specifically, our investigation revealed that on or about March 25, 2013, you sold a dairy cow, identified with ear tag (b)(4), for slaughter as food. On or about March 26, 2013, (b)(4) slaughtered this animal. United States Department of Agriculture, Food Safety and Inspection Service (USDA/FSIS) analysis of tissue samples collected from this animal identified the presence of 0.120 parts per million (ppm) of penicillin in the kidney tissue. FDA has established a tolerance of 0.05 ppm for residues of penicillin in the uncooked edible tissues of cattle as codified in Title 21, Code of Federal Regulations (CFR), Section 556.510, 21 CFR 556.510. The presence of this drug in edible tissue from this animal in this amount causes the food to be adulterated within the meaning of section 402(a)(2)(C)(ii) of the FD&C Act, 21 U.S.C. § 342(a)(2)(C)(ii).
Our investigation also found that you hold animals under conditions that are so inadequate that medicated animals bearing potentially harmful drug residues are likely to enter the food supply. For example, you failed to maintain complete treatment records and review said records to verify applicable withdrawal times prior to offering the animal for slaughter as food. Food from animals held under such conditions is adulterated within the meaning of section 402(a)(4) of the FD&C Act, 21 U.S.C. § 342(a)(4).
We also found that you adulterated the new animal drug (b)(4). Specifically, our investigation revealed that you did not use (b)(4) as directed by its approved labeling. Use of this drug in this manner is an extralabel use. See 21 CFR 530.3(a).
The extralabel use of approved animal or human drugs in animals is allowed under the FD&C Act only if the extralabel use complies with sections 512(a)(4) and (5) of the FD&C Act, 21 U.S.C. §§ 360b(a)(4) and (5), and 21 CFR Part 530, including that the use must be by or on the lawful order of a licensed veterinarian within the context of a valid veterinarian/client/patient relationship.
Our investigation found that you administered (b)(4) to a dairy cow identified with ear tag (b)(4) without following the withdrawal period as stated on the approved labeling. Your extra label use of (b)(4) was not under the supervision of a licensed veterinarian, in violation of 21 CFR 530.11(a) and your extralabel use of (b)(4) resulted in an illegal drug residue, in violation of 21 CFR 530.11(d). Because your use of this drug was not in conformance with its approved labeling and did not comply with 21 C.F.R. Part 530, you caused the drug to be unsafe under section 512(a) of the FD&C Act, 21 U.S.C. § 360b(a), and adulterated within the meaning of section 501(a)(5) of the FD&C Act, 21 U.S.C. § 351(a)(5).
The above is not intended to be an all-inclusive list of violations. As a producer of animals offered for use as food, you are responsible for ensuring that your overall operation and the food you distribute is in compliance with the law.
You should take prompt action to correct the violations described in this letter and to establish procedures to ensure that these violations do not recur. Failure to do so may result in regulatory action without further notice such as seizure and/or injunction.
Our investigation also revealed that on or about March 25, 2013, the (b)(4) "drug affidavit" was signed certifying that, among other things, none of the cattle delivered for slaughter on that day originating from Double W Dairy had an illegal level of drug residues. This signed "drug affidavit" covered the dairy cow identified with ear tag (b)(4), which was found to have a violative penicillin residue. Providing such a false guaranty is prohibited by section 301(h) of the Act, 21 U.S.C. § 331(h). You should take appropriate actions to ensure that this violation does not recur.
You should notify this office in writing of the steps you have taken to bring your firm into compliance with the law within fifteen (15) working days of receiving this letter. Your response should include each step that has been taken or will be taken to correct the violations and prevent their recurrence. If corrective action cannot be completed within fifteen (15) working days of receiving this letter, state the reason for the delay and the time frame within which the corrections will be completed. Please include copies of any available documentation demonstrating that corrections have been made.
Your written response should be sent to Matthew R. Dionne, Compliance Officer, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 6th Avenue & Kipling Street – Building 20 DFC, P.O. Box 25087, Denver, Colorado 80225-0087. If you have any questions about this letter, please contact Compliance Officer Matthew R. Dionne at (303) 236-3064 or email at email@example.com.
Sincerely yours,
LaTonya Mitchell
District Director
Denver District
Mr. Greg K. Wailes, Co-Owner
Double W Dairy, LLC
416 S. Campbell
Holyoke, CO 80734
Mr. Glenn D. Huwa, Co-Owner
Double W Dairy, LLC
416 S. Campbell
Holyoke, CO 80734
Ronald K. Jones, D.V.M.
Denver District Manager
PO Box 25387
DFC, Bldg 45
Denver, CO 80225
Mr. John Salazar, Commissioner
Colorado Department of Agriculture
700 Kipling St., Suite 4000
Lakewood, CO 80215
Close Out Letter


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7.00mm Symfonie Interchangeable Needle Tips
Knit Pro Interchangeable Needles are a fantastic addition to your knitting collection. The tips are used in combination with the Knit Pro Cables, so you can remove the tips and use them with a different length of cable depending on your project. Or maybe you have more than one project on the go. Leave one project on the cable and remove the tips to use for another project. Once you start using these needles you will be wanting to replace your existing needles with them because of their versatility.


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Sponsored Products
|Digital Photo Software
|Digital Photo Tools
Publisher's Description+
Sparkbooth create a dynamic party experience. Create an instant photo booth for your special event with just a computer and webcam, and make DIY photo booth area for you and your guests have a blast taking photos and creating memorable keepsakes.
Sparkbooth turns any computer with a webcam into a full screen photo booth kiosk. It includes additional options to automatically send photos to a printer, and/or share photos online on Facebook, Twitter, SmugMug, Flickr, Posterous, tumblr, or other services.
What's new in this version:
- [Premium, DSLR] Green screen to dynamically replace backgrounds with your own images. To access this feature, go to Camera settings (press ctrl-3 to display) and enable from the Green Screen drop down list. The green screen feature for webcams remains as an experimental beta - it only recommended for DSLR cameras.
- [Premium, DSLR] Add green screen background selection keyboard shortcut, button and screen
- [Premium, DSLR] Add keyboard shortcut to toggle green screen fe... See all new features »


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It's Charles Schulz's Peanuts meets Frank Miller's Sin City, as envisioned by Timothy Lim and Jean Luc Pham. Part 1, Part 2.
*Previously: Sin City-style Disney Princesses and Star Wars characters.
*Buy Sin City toys at eBay.
Saturday, March 7, 2009
If Frank Miller wrote Peanuts
Posted by John at 6:19 PM
Labels: frank miller, mashup, parody, peanuts


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Vanstone 'pleased' Alvarez is back
Immigration Minister Amanda Vanstone says she hopes talks between lawyers will head off a court case for compensation over the wrongful deportation of Vivian Alvarez.
Ms Alvarez, who flew into Sydney today, was seriously injured in an accident, then deported in July 2001 after being mistakenly identified as an illegal immigrant.
She was discovered in May this year living in a Catholic hospice near Manila.
The government has offered her a care package as compensation for the immigration department bungle.
"I would assume there would be a compensation claim if there isn't already one," Senator Vanstone told reporters. "That would be the normal process done on a lawyer to lawyer basis.
"I would hope we could avoid litigation on this, that we can go into an arbitrated settlement."
Senator Vanstone said any decision on compensation was not her responsibility, but she accepted the deportation was a "a serious mistake."
"But what we've done since then and what we are putting in place we have demonstrated we do understand that and I'm sure that people who are negotiating with her equally understand that.
"But my job is not to be a part of discussions in relation to compensation - my job is to make sure that the decisions we've made are actually implemented."
She said she was "very pleased" that Ms Alvarez had finally returned to Australia.
Family and Community Services Minister Kay Patterson said the government's compensation package would continue until a final agreement was reached between the government solicitor and Ms Alvarez's solicitor.
The package includes free medical and health care, carer support up to 24 hours a day, transport, financial help with establishing a home, support for a family member to help her and telephone costs.
"I think it's a very generous and appropriate package," Senator Patterson told ABC radio.
"The most important thing we can do is settle her back in Australia as effectively and quickly as we can, look after her and make sure her needs are met."
Senator Patterson said if compensation had not been resolved within six months the government would extend the assistance package.
But in the meantime the government hoped to come to an agreement with her solicitor.
"All parties are committed to an early resolution," she said in a statement.
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- About
- Programs
- Resources
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- Contact
U.S. Department of Transportation
Federal Highway Administration
1200 New Jersey Avenue, SE
Washington, DC 20590
FHWA Order M3000.1C
|FHWA Personnel Management Manual; Part 1: Personnel Systems & Procedures, Chapter 9 Awards and Employee Recognition, Section 2, Attachment 3 Tangible Awards Scale
|Classification Code
|February 10, 2006
A cash award may be granted for an employee suggestion that exceeds job requirements and results in tangible benefits having a value of $250 or more. The amount of such award shall not be less than $25 and shall normally be based on a reasonable estimate of net monetary benefits for the first full year of operation following the suggestion.
The amount of the award is determined in accordance with the table and other provisions described below, unless, for special reasons, a different amount is justified. If so, reasons must be documented to support the action taken.
|Tangible Benefits
|Amount of Award
|Estimated First Year Benefits to the Government
|Amount of Award
|Up to $10,000
|10% of estimated benefits
|$10,000 to $100,000
|$1,000 for the first $10,000 plus 3% of estimated benefits over $10,000
|$100,001 or more
|$3,700 for the first $100,000 plus .5% of estimated benefits over $100,000
Awards Scale for Intangible Benefits
|Value of Benefit
|$ 150-200
|$ 200-400
|$ 200-400
|$ 400-1000
The amount of a cash award based on non-measurable benefits shall be determined on the basis of its value or benefit to Federal government operations after full consideration of such factors as extent of application, significance of the suggestion, and importance of the programs affected. However, the minimum cash award of $25 will not be granted unless the suggestion compares favorably with those receiving the minimum cash award for tangible benefits. Every effort must be made to estimate tangible savings.
Definition of Terms
Moderate Value. An employee suggestion that results in intangible benefits of moderate importance, when considered in relation to the overall operation to which it pertains, such as a minor improvement to an FHWA form or publication, a minor change in procedure.
Substantial Value. An employee suggestion that results in intangible benefits and has an effect on the overall operations to which it pertains, such as a major improvement in a form or procedure which increases efficiency.
High Value. An employee suggestion that results in intangible benefits and has a significant effect on the overall operations to which it pertains or contributes to better relations with or greatly improved service to the public. Examples are complete revisions of a form or procedure, development of a new form or procedure that greatly increases efficiency, or a proposal for solving an important operational problem.
Exceptional Value. An employee suggestion that results in intangible benefits of extraordinary significance having an exceptional value to the operation to which it pertains. Examples are a proposal for a streamlined procedure that would promote efficiency to a far greater degree than is normally achievable, or a suggestion that solves several problems that are interrelated and results in highly improved operations.
Limited Application. An employee suggestion that affects operations in one organizational segment of an FHWA office.
Extended Application. An employee suggestion that affects operations of several organizational segments or FHWA offices.
Broad Application. An employee suggestion that is applicable to all of Washington Headquarters or to several field offices, or is in the public interest in many areas. May be applicable to all field offices. Useful agency-wide.
General Application. An employee suggestion that is applicable throughout several Federal Agencies or departments or in the public interest throughout the Nation.


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February 4, 2013
Sens' Latendresse still missing in action
By BRUCE GARRIOCH, QMI Agency
OTTAWA - Guillaume Latendresse can't seem to escape injury.
As the Senators returned from their two-game road trip that Latendresse didn't make, the veteran winger, signed as a UFA July 1, wasn't on the ice for practice at Scotiabank Place on Monday.
He won't play Tuesday against the Buffalo Sabres either.


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Mobius by Plymouth Yarn Design Studio
Welcome! You are browsing as a guestWould you like to see projects made from this pattern and much more? create a free account What am I missing?
© Plymouth Yarn Design Studio
Approx. Finished Size: 8" x 39"
Baby Alpaca Grande Handdye—2 hanks.
Gauge: 20 sts = 4" using size 10 needles over ribbing pattern. Cast on 40 sts- after about 20 rows of ribbing- piece should be about 8" wide.
Needles: Size US 10.
For more information, see: http://www.plymouthyarn.com/index.php?nav=cYarn.yarn...


text:
The Latest: Bond set for suspect in Mardi Gras parade crash
The man suspected of plowing into a crowd of Mardi Gras revelers while intoxicated is being held on $125,000 bond.
Police: Woman attempted to steal truck with child inside at batting cages
You might say she struck out. Not only does a woman allegedly try to steal a man's car with his child inside, police said she then goes afte…
Police investigate southwest Albuquerque shooting
Police are investigating a shooting that happened in southwest Albuquerque Saturday morning.
Two Albuquerque men arrested after alleged police chase in stolen truck
Two men are behind bars after allegedly leading police on a wild chase across town.
Bernalillo County gets hundreds of thousands of dollars for emergency services
ALBUQUERQUE, N.M. (KRQE)- Bernalillo County is getting much needed funding in the midst of a state-wide budget crisis. The county applies fo…
The Latest: Suspect in custody in New Orleans parade crash
The Latest on a vehicle plowing into a parade crowd in New Orleans (all times local):
Albuquerque man arrested, charged with string of armed robberies
Police say one man's crime spree has come to an end.
Pair of inmates facing charges after alleged attempt to smuggle drugs into MDC
Two inmates could be facing some longer sentences after authorities say they conspired to smuggle drugs into MDC.
Border Patrol agent struck by SUV later found to contain pot
Border Patrol agents arrested two Mexican citizens and seized 93 pounds of marijuana found in an SUV which earlier struck an agent who was a…
Albuquerque's jail population drops to lowest levels since it was built
Albuquerque's jail population is hovering around its lowest levels since it was built.
Second suspect in beer pong murder pleads to lesser charges
One of the men arrested in connection with a fatal shooting over beer pong has pleaded no contest to lesser charges.
Teen charged in Albuquerque man's death appears in court
One of the teens police say was involved in the deadly shooting of an Albuquerque bartender will find out whether or not he will be sentence…
2 die in New Mexico wreck of vehicle fleeing Border Patrol
New Mexico authorities say two people died after being ejected from a car that struck a road sign, entered a highway median and overturned s…
Vehicle break-ins fueling Albuquerque crime wave
Thieves are constantly combing the streets of Albuquerque checking for unlocked car doors and cracked windows.
Victims in Bosque Farms say suspected thief is selling items online
A suspected burglar who angered a lot of people has upset them again.


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So by now some of you know but this trip to San Jose I had was plagued with problems and me just not having a real good time. I wanted to sit and explain why. First happened sorta before any of the event happened and that is my one carryon luggage piece had its wheel break. Now since I had three bags, my carryon, my clothes and my photography kit, not being to efficiently roll one was slowing me down like crazy. On top of that, I missed the first train down to the convention center so I had to wait longer than I had hoped to get there. Once arriving I changed into my costume (Reisen) and standed in line for what felt like an eternity to pick up my registration and badge. I think it lasted some two hours all said. Once I got it I walked onto the convention floor and saw my friends. One had noticed me, the other hadn't. I walked up to the one that had to stand behind the one that hadn't to surprise her and the girl who saw me slapped me in the gut with her purse. Intentionally, but she said it was playful. I wasn't really feeling myself I guess. So we hung out for a bit but then through a series of events I can't quite explain, the girl who saaaw me said I should go away or she would contact security. I was "Wait, what? I thought we were friends! Where did this come from?" I spent the rest of the day being incredibly moapy and beside myself. I tried to get some pics but all my ideas just kept coming too late for some people. Like, I found a Sonico and Shimakaze that would have made for an amazing hotel shoot but she was gone before I could catch her and a Yandere-chan (Yes, from Yandere Simulator) who I thought would do the same and titled "Dreaming of Senpai".
This was just day one. On day two we did the group Touhou shoot and the girl from the first day did apologize to me but I felt like our relationship was gone at that point. It wasn't well of me as part of the reason I came out was to see her again. The rest of the day was fairly uneventful, as Touhou cosplay was the most serious of serious business. I didn't really spend any time with some of the other people I went to see (like Zelda) so I spent it trying hard to keep me from feeling sad. The evenings went by and I always felt like I was missing out on something instead of feeling satisfied. However, my spirits immediately perked up at the sound of the first chords of Mick Gordon's amazing rendition of "The Instinct". I followed the source and found out that I was going to be treated to the final four of a Killer Instinct tournament. I was so excited I sat in the front row and was giddy at the things going on. Our special guest was Maximillian Dood who worked on the game when it was with Double Helix. I did get to play a round on stage myself too! I realized how out of practice I was that day, but I had fun. I met an Excalibur that was putting on an act that I thought was hilarious and could not pass him up.
Day three was pretty bad, as about 3PM I noticed the suit was wet. Its wool, which made no sense until Idealized I had sweat completely through my undershirt and dress shirt all the way until the wool jacket. I had enough of that and had to get changed into some normal clothed, which all I had were what I flew in on. It didn't make me happier, but it did make me feel a bit better since I didn't feel like I was suffering from so much heat exhaustion. Later, I caught up with the girl again and got a couple snaps for fun, though I still sensed some tension. The night went on and once again it felt like I missed something that night.
Last day and holy cow this one is a mess. Got up and packed bags, put them into storage, hit the con floor in my flight home clothes. I didn't end up seeing the girl again (though I did want to) and instead spent most of the afternoon swimming in Deadpools (ha!) and generally trying to have a good day as the con was about as dead as Otakon was on its last Sunday (somehow). Anyway, there was an advertised event of cosplayers taking over a nearby Dave and Buster's after Fanimecon. Apparently they forgot about the Golden State Warriors game at that time. Anyway, one of the Deadpool gang decided to drive us all, but he left his car lights on and it was stuck in a garage with no way of starting it. Great. We decided to push it out of the garage while I drove (since I was the most experienced driver and the dune buggy had no power steering, I knew what I was getting into.) I got it out of the garage and onto the street where a man stopped to jump the car. By the time we got to Dave and Buster's my time was up, so I caught my first Lyft ride ever (hilarious since I'm also a driver) and got to the airport. I am now cruising in the sky as I write this and don't think I'll ever come to this convention again. Four days is far too tiring to work and I'm not sure I really had a good time.
What a weekend.


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(CNSNews.com) - Pope John Paul II denounced the U.S. economic embargo against Cuba during a speech to Cuban bishops Saturday in Vatican City.
"Restrictive economic measures imposed from outside are unjust and ethically unacceptable," said the pontiff, who has previously called for the U.S. to end its economic embargo against the communist nation.
The pope also praised Cuban bishops for trying to revive the Roman Catholic faith in their communist nation. He said the Cuban people have a spiritual thirst unsatisfied by the secular world's "old ideologies."
The pontiff also recalled his highly successful visit to Cuba in 1998 in which he called for the world to reach out to Cuba and for Cuba to reach out to the world. Many things have been accomplished since that visit, said the Pope, and much more needs to be done. He expressed concern for the fact that, in his opinion, there aren't enough Catholic priests and nuns in Cuba.
The Castro government issued no official reaction.
Cuban Leader Fidel Castro made a public appearance in Havana on Saturday for the first time since he collapsed from heat exhaustion while giving a speech two weeks ago.
He once again appeared under a blazing sun and he was wearing his customary military uniform and no hat.
Castro spoke to an estimated 20,000 Cuban in Bejucal, near Havana, for less than 10 minutes, a very short length of time, given Castro's customary long-windedness. His speeches usually last about seven or eight hours.
Castro said the Cuban revolution was not built by one man, but by millions of Cubans who would defend it until the last drop of blood.
Many analysts believe Castro's statement indicates that for the first time, Cuban government officials and many Cuban people are realizing he will not be the "maximum leader" forever. Castro is 74 years old.


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Deep Fungal Infections
Cutaneous and subcutaneous lesions, usually nodules, that have become keratotic, crusted, and ulcerated as a consequence of infection by a variety of deep fungi, i.e., fungi situated in the dermis and subcutis, some of which may be disseminated to other organs.
Nevus Sebaceus
A hamartoma of epidermis, epithelial structures of adnexa, and presumably dermal elements, typified, when fully formed, by a papillated or verrucous yellowish plaque situated usually on the scalp.
Nevus Sebaceus
…ted usually on the scalp. The condition may present itself as a solitary lesion or as multiple lesions that follow Blaschko's lines and, when systematized, is almost always associated with other congenital abnormalities….
Deep Fungal Infections
…ngi situated in the dermis and subcutis, some of which may be disseminated to other organs….
Deep Fungal Infections (Sporotrichosis, Coccidioidomycosis, Chromomycosis, Madura Foot, Blastomycosis, Histoplasmosis)
…ngi situated in the dermis and subcutis, some of which may be disseminated to other organs….
Melanocytic Nevi and Melanotic Macules
Hamartomas ("congenital" melanocytic nevi) and benign neoplasms ("acquired" melanocytic nevi) of various specific types, all of which are composed of abnormal melanocytes and manifested clinically as lesions of different…
Epidermal Nevi
…Epidermal nevi are hamartomas in which the epidermis is abnormal, being hyperkeratotic, and in which lesions are aligned along Blaschko's lines….
Vascular Birthmarks: Key Points
…a distinct natural history; they are present at birth and often persist throughout life. Most are benign lesions, such as a nevus simplex (a.k.a. salmon patch) or a port-wine stain. However, some represent a manifestation of a syndrome with…
A malignant neoplasm of melanocytes that, in the skin, begins as a macule and may become a patch or a papule. A flat lesion of melanoma tends to be asymmetrical, poorly circumscribed with a scalloped, jagged, or notched border, and variegate,…
Syphilis (Lues): Key Points
…olvement Neurosyphilis Cranial nerve dysfunction, meningitis, stroke, altered mental status, general paresis, tabes dorsalis Congenital syphilis Saddle nose Saber shin, Clutton's joints, Higoumenakis sign, hepatosplenomegaly, neurosyphilis,…
Hand Dermatitis: Key Points
…ally exacerbating factors. Hand dermatitis can range from an acute, extremely pruritic or painful eruption, characterized by deep-seated vesicles (dyshidrotic eczema, pompholyx), to the chronic hand dermatitis commonly seen in those in at-risk…
Erythema Annulare Centrifugum: Overview
…rings and dyes may all be triggers. The treatment is otherwise supportive. Gyrate erythemas are divided into superficial and deep types, the superficial types having the classic annular morphology and the "trailing" scale. The deep type…


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Aiding implementation of health reform's coverage provisions in New Jersey
This grant supports the implementation of the coverage provisions of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) in New Jersey. The goals are to: (1) create a neutral forum for stakeholder input into decisions on PPACA implementation in New Jersey; and (2) provide state decision-makers with expert consultation and analysis of policy options. The Rutgers Center for State Health Policy will use its in-depth knowledge of health care programs and markets in New Jersey, as well as its close working relationships with health policy leaders in the public and private sectors, to develop options for key policy makers in the State. The deliverables will include: (1) a briefing book and materials on coverage provisions in PPACA, state requirements and implementation options; (2) convenings with policy experts, state officials and state health policy stakeholders to review and comment on major policy options; and (3) a discussion paper, based on stakeholder conversations and comments, on how to structure and implement key elements of PPACA and to identify remaining questions.
Grant Details
Amount Awarded $200,000.00
Awarded on: 7/28/2010
Time frame: 9/15/2010 - 9/14/2011
Grant Number: 68091
Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey - New Brunswick
57 US Highway 1
New Brunswick, 08901-8554
Joel C. Cantor
Project Director
Margaret M. Koller
Project Director


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Colbert mocked E.D. Hill for "terrorist fist jab" comment, NY Times' Brooks for referring to nonexistent Applebee's salad bars
Research ››› ››› ANDREW IRONSIDE
On June 10, Comedy Central's Stephen Colbert mocked Fox News anchor E.D. Hill for her June 6 comment about Sen. Barack Obama and wife Michelle's on-stage "fist bump" on the final day of the Democratic presidential primaries, saying: "A fist bump? A pound? A terrorist fist jab? The gesture everyone seems to interpret differently."
Earlier on June 10, Hill had said: "I mentioned various ways the Obamas' fist pump in St. Paul had been characterized in the media. I apologize because unfortunately, some thought I personally had characterized it inappropriately. I regret that. It was not my intention."
Colbert also ridiculed New York Times columnist David Brooks for his assertion that Obama "doesn't seem like the kind of guy who could go into an Applebee's salad bar, and people think he fits in naturally there." As Colbert and Media Matters for America noted, Applebee's restaurants do not have salad bars. Colbert then took a jab at Brooks and other journalists who have characterized Obama as an elitist, saying, "Nothing stings like being called an elitist by the humble working-class members of the media and politics."
- Posted In
- Diversity & Discrimination, Race & Ethnicity, National Security & Foreign Policy, International Conflicts
- Network/Outlet
- Fox News Channel
- Person
- E.D. Hill
- Show/Publication
- America's Pulse
Instructions for signing up and claiming your comment history are located here.
Updated rules for commenting are here.


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TMG-L ArchivesArchiver > TMG > 2004-04 > 1081026504
Subject: Re: [TMG] Filter Help needed
Date: Sat, 3 Apr 2004 16:08:58 EST
Diana wrote:
>I am trying to create a list of everyone who is descended from person X
>and who also has a CensNeed tag. This seemed like a mix of List of
>People and List of Events functions so I first ran a LOP report for all
>desc. of Person X and changed their Holding flag to Y. Then I tried to
>run a list of Events report. I can filter for the CENSNeed tag but not
>for the Holding Flag.
>So how do I limit my report to a subgroup of people who have a specific
I think this would work:
List of People, filter for:
Holding Flag = Y AND
CENSNeed # of Tags >is greater than 0
Virginia Blakelock
This thread:
|Re: [TMG] Filter Help needed by


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While up at the Big Bear Horro-Fi Film Festival, I happened to catch The Employer. A sharp film from Director Frank Merle. It was a strange but extremely compelling story like the canadian series CUBE. I hate to make a CUBE comparison but there are so few "one room" stories that are told well and this is definitely one of them. Who is Frank Merle? That was my next question and now I have answers. Here is my interview with him. I hope you enjoy as I did…
#1- How did you first get into film?
My first career was as a theatrical producer and director. I studied in Chicago, a great theater town, at DePaul University's fabled former Goodman School of Drama. While I was still a student, I started a theater company with a few other students. It survived for seven years, which is a decent lifespan for a small theater troupe. I was the Artistic Director, and I oversaw productions of Shakespeare, Ibsen, Mamet, even Greek tragedies. But after awhile, I wanted to challenge myself creatively in another way. The stage is very much the actor's medium, whereas film is much more of a director's medium, and that intrigued me. So, with the help of some friends who knew cameras and editing, I made my first short film. I had such a great time doing it, that I never looked back. I bought myself a camera, taught myself lighting and composition, and started making more shorts. My time as a theater producer really came in handy, because I had the leadership experience to run a smooth set and because I knew how to work well with actors.
#2- So now the age old question: Why horror?
I've always loved horror! In fact, some of my fondest memories from childhood are thanks to Jason and Freddy. In fourth grade, I was asked to write a sentence on the chalkboard that had two possessives in it. So I wrote: "Alice chopped Jason's mother's head off." It caused quite a debate over whether I should be watching those kinds of movies, but more importantly, whether my sentence had proper grammar. (For the record, I believe it did.) Also, I was a bit dyslexic as a kid, so I had trouble knowing right from left. But I never had any trouble knowing which hand Freddy's glove was on. Eventually, that's what cured my mix-up, once I knew that Freddy's glove was on his right hand. After that, whenever I needed to know right from left, I just thought about the glove. Thanks Freddy!
#3- Tell me about how The Employer came about.
I was interested in making a contained movie. "People trapped in a room" has become a sub-genre of its own, but for good reason. I think something very raw and true about human nature comes out when people are trapped and forced to deal with each other, when walking away is not an option. So I dreamed up my cast of characters, people whose personalities would grate on each other, of course. I imaged them locked together in a room, and only then began to wonder how they had gotten there. Eventually, I landed on the idea of a job interview. I was interested in the idea of how far people would be willing to go for the sake of a high paying job, and how much power that gave employers over others. And then, because it's a movie, I pushed that concept to a deadly degree.
#4- With such a specific and small group, how did you go about casting?
My first casting task was to find someone to play The Employer. I knew that if I got the right person for that role, everything else would fall into place. So I sent an early draft of the script to Malcolm McDowell's manager. Fortunately, his manager responded well to the material, and so did Malcolm. Once he was on board, I was able to write a new draft with Malcolm's voice in mind, and the final version of the screenplay took shape. Next, I cast David Dastmalchian as one of the five job candidates. Most people recognize David as the Joker's schizophrenic henchman in "The Dark Knight," but I've known him since college, as we both attended the former Goodman School in Chicago. After David was cast, he introduced me to his friend Paige Howard, who was perfect for another of the candidate roles, so she was cast next. Then the rest of the roles were cast through a rigorous audition process. Not quite as rigorous as what the Employer puts them through, but close.
#5- Were all the specifics of the characters back story done or were the actors allowed to bring anything to the table?
Because of my theater training, I consider myself a very collaborative director, so I welcome input from everyone I work with. For example, David had the idea that his character was a failed writer who only went into the corporate world because it was what his parents wanted. This is a detail that never comes up in the film, so the audience won't be directly aware of it, but it helped inform David's performance, and so it's that much richer as a result. I love that kind of thing. Another example is an idea that Malcolm had for his character's back story that ended up influencing his wardrobe in the film. Malcolm decided that his character was an avid hunter, drawing a connection between a hunter's relationship to the natural world with the Employer's connection to his potential employees. My costume crew really loved this idea and ran with it. So for the film's climactic confrontation with the Employer, Malcolm is wearing a safari jacket as an ode to the character's favorite sport.
#6- What was the biggest challenge in making an A level film on such a small budget?
Thank you for calling it an A level film! I've always had a problem with the term "B movie" because it gives a lower letter grade to the type of film that is often more enjoyable than those so-called "A" pictures. But to answer you question, the secret is to put all the money on the screen. No one was getting paid what they could have gotten paid on a bigger budget movie. Malcolm was doing it because he liked the script, and the others were doing it for a chance to work with a legend like Malcolm. But since there were so few locations (nine total, including flashbacks) we were able to spare no expense on the production design of those few locations. But with a small budget comes a short shooting schedule, and that's where the one big challenge came from. Our shoot was less than a month, so we were shooting several pages a day. Fortunately, I had a great crew and the cast came prepared, so often we only needed three of four takes of a shot before moving on to the next one. I've been on other movie sets where there's a lot of waiting around for something to happen. But that wasn't the case on this one. We were all busy, all the time. The toughest day of the shoot was probably the one on which we had to shoot a Hollywood club scene with thirty extras in the morning, followed by a full company move to the San Fernando Valley for a home invasion fight scene with six stuntmen. That was a long day!
#7- What were some of the biggest differences between doing a short and a feature?
After having made several shorts, some of which were around 20 minutes, I thought that making a feature would just be like making four or five shorts, which didn't seem so hard to do. But what I learned while making The Employer is that everything gets exponentially more difficult when working on a feature, especially in post-production, simply because everything takes longer. Once the film is assembled, and you want to do a sound pass, or a visual effects pass, it takes almost two hours just to watch it once through, without stopping. And because the arc of the story is so important, when you make a decision on one part of the film, it has ripple effects throughout. All of that takes time, as well as a lot of coordination between different departments: the picture editor, the effects team, the dialogue editor, the sound effects department, the composer, etc. On most of my short film, all of those departments were just me. It was a lot quicker back then, but I was certainly happy on this film to hand over those jobs to people more qualified to do them.
#8- This is a very sharp character study. Do you have franchise plans?
I didn't want to lean on the idea of a franchise, even though there are a lot of unanswered questions at the end of the film. I'm often frustrated by films that are left so open ended that they don't work on their own. I still remember how angry I was as a kid at the end of Back to the Future 2 that I had to wait six months for the resolution. So I tried to give this film a satisfying ending If a sequel never happens, that won't be bad thing. That said, I think it would be fun, so we'll just have to wait and see. I don't want to give anything away for those who haven't seen it yet, so I'll just say that those actors whose characters live till the end would be happy to come back for another. But I'm not saying who that is. There are some cool plot twists in the third act, and I wouldn't want to spoil those for anyone.
#9- What's next on your plate?
I'm attached to direct a really exciting thriller called Vicious, although I'm not allowed to say much about that yet, it's very hush-hush. I will say that its one of the best scripts I've ever read, so I'm really psyched about it. The producer is locking down cast now, so hopefully I'll be able to make a big announcement about it soon. I also have two new scripts I've written that I'm shopping around. One is called Criminality, it's a character-driven crime drama, sort of a modern take on Scorsese's old turf, only set in a gritty part of Los Angeles. The other is a fun zombie movie called Bad Batch, set in the midwest. The tone is somewhere between 28 Days Later and Shaun of the Dead, which are two of my favorite films. So one way or another, with a little luck I'll be back in the director's chair soon.
The Employer hits VOD June 7th. http://www.theemployermovie.com/wheretowatch.html#.Ua5gMZxIP4Z
Order it and enjoy. You won't be sorry!


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