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Get an overview of this hotelBeachfront resort with calming spa services
Popular property highlights
Nestled on the beach, this Langkawi resort is within 1 mi (2 km) of Tengah Beach and Underwater World. Pantai Cenang Beach and Cenang Mall are also within 2 mi (3 km).
Resort Features
Catch some rays at the beach or spend the day relaxing at Federal Villa Beach Resort Langkawi's full-service spa. Then enjoy a meal at one of the resort's 3 restaurants.
Room Amenities
All 88 rooms provide conveniences like refrigerators and coffee makers, plus WiFi and 24-hour room service. Satellite TV and showers are among the other amenities available to guests.
Guest Highlights
- Good for nightlife
- Beach
- Breakfast
- Pool
- Guestroom size
- Bathrooms could've been nicer
Federal Villa Beach Resort Langkawi
Hotel Amenities
Hotel Amenities
Enjoy the umbrellas and sun loungers for a relaxing day at the beach. At Federal Villa Beach Resort Langkawi you can cool off in one of the 2 outdoor swimming pools and indulge in a pampering afternoon at the full-service spa.
Dining is available at one of the resort's 3 restaurants. Guests can unwind with a drink at one of the resort's bars, which include a beach bar, a poolside bar, and a bar/lounge. Wireless Internet access is available for a surcharge. This beach resort also offers a children's pool, a spa tub, and a steam room. Limited complimentary onsite parking is available on a first-come, first-served basis.
- Total number of rooms - 88
- Number of floors - 3
- Bar/lounge
- Breakfast available (surcharge)
- Newspapers in lobby (surcharge)
- Concierge services
- Conference space
- Dry cleaning/laundry service
- Fitness facilities
- Full-service spa
- WiFi (surcharge)
- Number of outdoor pools - 2
- Meeting rooms
- Parking (limited spaces)
- Garden
- Poolside bar
- Beach bar
- Luggage storage
- Safe-deposit box at front desk
- Beach umbrellas
- Beach sun loungers
- Free self parking
- Year Built 1996
- Number of restaurants - 3
- Number of meeting rooms - 3
- Tennis on site
- Sauna
- Number of buildings/towers - 11
- Spa tub
- Steam room
- Children's pool
- Indoor pool
Family Friendly Amenities
- Outdoor pools
- Indoor pool
- Children's pool
- Playground on site
- Refrigerator
Available in all rooms: Wireless internet access ( MYR 40 per 24-hour period )
Available in some public areas: Wireless internet access ( MYR 40 per 24-hour period )
Free self parking, Parking (limited spaces)
Room Amenities
- Air conditioning
- Refrigerator
- Coffee/tea maker
- Daily housekeeping
- Private bathroom
- Shower only
- Hair dryer (on request)
- Satellite TV service
- WiFi (surcharge)
- Room service (24 hours)
Where to Eat
Buffet breakfasts are available for a surcharge and are served each morning between 7 AM and 10 AM.
Lagenda Restaurant - This buffet restaurant serves breakfast, lunch, and dinner. Open 24 hours.
Mario Italian - Onsite restaurant.
24-hour room service is available.
Nearby Things to Do
2 outdoor swimming pools are on site along with an indoor pool. In addition to a children's pool, other recreational amenities include a spa tub, a sauna, and a fitness center.
The recreational activities listed below are available either on site or nearby; fees may apply.
- Snorkeling nearby
- Playground on site
Spa Services
Guests can indulge in a pampering treatment at the resort's full-service spa. Services include massages, facials, and manicures and pedicures. The spa is equipped with a spa tub. A variety of treatment therapies are provided, including aromatherapy and thalassotherapy.
- Manicures and pedicures
- Aromatherapy treatments
- Thalassotherapy treatments
- Spa tub in spa
- Massages
- Facial treatments
Hotel Policies
Check-in time starts at 2 PM
Check-out time is noon
Payment types
Children and extra beds
- Children are welcome.
- Rollaway/extra beds are not available.
- Cribs (infant beds) are not available.
- Pets not allowed
You need to know
Extra-person charges may apply and vary depending on property policy.
Government-issued photo identification and a credit card or cash deposit are required at check-in for incidental charges.
Special requests are subject to availability upon check-in and may incur additional charges. Special requests cannot be guaranteed.
Please note, some room types at this property are not available when booking a stay with children.
No rollaway/extra beds available
No cribs (infant beds) available
- New Year's Eve (31 December) Gala Dinner per adult: MYR 390.00
- Tourism fee: MYR 1 per accommodation, per night
Optional extras
- Fee for buffet breakfast: MYR 55 for adults and MYR 25 for children (approximately)
- Fee for in-room wireless Internet: MYR 40 per 24-hour period (rates may vary)
- Fee for wireless Internet in public areas: MYR 40 per 24-hour period (rates may vary)
Hotel Name
- Federal Resort
- Federal Villa
- Federal Villa Beach Langkawi
- Federal Villa Beach Resort Langkawi
- Federal Villa Langkawi Beach Resort
- Federal Villa Resort
- Villa Federal
- Federal Hotel Langkawi
- Federal Villa Langkawi Hotel Langkawi
- Federal Villa Beach Resort
- Federal Villa Beach


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I wish it were possible just to think my column and have it print out as I thought. It would eliminate problems like lack of time or energy. Then I could just edit and amend afterwards. What's more, it would take less time because I wouldn't have to retype so many words. I am a very uneven typist — lots of letters are wrong or left out or whatever. Who knows? It might be possible in this age of printing 3-D stuff and creating extra body organs.
Short shrift on the garden this time; too many other things to fit in. Needless to say, the season rushes along. All the crape myrtles (yes, that's the correct spelling — not crepe like dress material or crepes suzettes) are in full bloom. So are the tiny lavender Michaelmas daisies — way too early. I think we'll have an early and hard winter, somehow. Lots of cones on the Engelman spruce, too.
A sad note: we had a small burial. Oliver cat showed up with a dead female hummingbird in his mouth. I was afraid he had killed the one hummingbird we had, but there is another adult female and a smaller one at the feeder. Still, it was not good seeing a hummingbird less than lively. She is safely buried under a rock in a flower bed, appropriately.
Important bits and pieces: California Al's has changed hours. Open 7 a.m. to 7 p.m. Monday through Friday, and 6 a.m. to 2 p.m. Saturday and Sunday. Makes it nice for us older ones who want an earlier dinner than most. Gary DeGrande has pretty much given up on Lodi. The partial menu, partial schedule, lunches didn't work out, and other kinds of meals haven't, either. He is doing better in the Sacramento area. I hope it works out for him to come back. He makes the best hot dog and panini sandwiches! His home is still here, so he is still ours.
Isn't it great that the Lodi Art Center is now in Downtown, easily accessible to walk-in traffic? Lodi has some great artists and now their talents will be on display to a lot more people. Tuesday through Saturday, noon to 5 p.m. ...
Speaking of displays, be sure to see the photographs hanging in the Sullivan Room in the library. They are superb. And don't forget the Knowlton Gallery upstairs in the former Woolworth building. Robin shows one of my favorite artists, Gil Dellinger.
And still speaking of displays, the Fourth of July is not far off, and the American Legion will be selling fireworks this year, in Lakewood Mall. There's material for a display of another sort!
Stopped in Buy 4 Less on Lockeford Street to see what was at hand. It has a new area, nicely arranged, and quite a variety of groceries and produce. Prices are good. Between this store and Walgreen's, we Apple Market devotees should be able to manage most needs. B4L has a perky young lady manager, very friendly and helpful.
Two nice dinners and a birthday picnic with friends, lately: Friends of the Library had its annual potluck dinner meeting, at which reports for the year are made. Thanks to volunteers, the Friends' book store sales are able to underwrite a number of library needs.
I guess a lot of people do like I do: Buy a book, read it, lend it around, and take it back to be sold again. If any of you out there are beginning to clean out bookshelves, think of the library; books can find new homes in the public collection or in the store.
Think, too, of volunteering for the Friends' board; very few people are carrying those duties year after year. For that matter, most volunteer organizations could do with more help. These groups are an important part of this town; taken together, of this nation as well. Our country is known for its volunteerism.
The second dinner was Martin Jones's 60 birthday fete. His wife, Ria, cooked a great meal for a roomful of family and friends. Martin is, as most know, the indispensable adjutant of Lodi's American Legion Post 22, and the one usually doing the cooking for Legion dinners.
While there, I learned that Orlene Dentone, the Post's very efficient secretary, is in the process of bringing out a second little book, which will be carried in the Vine and Branches bookstore. She publishes under the name of Odie Dentone, and has had quite a success with her first book, "The House Without a Family."
And the family birthday picnic at Lodi Lake — very pleasant even on a HOT day — was hosted by Esther and Gordon Schmierer, celebrating their respective 80th birthdays. Actually, one such day is in spring and one in fall, so they had the celebration in-between. But both said they had and will have celebrations on the actual days, too! Why not?
Gordon has been president of Tree Lodi for a while and is going in as the first male president of Lodi Garden Club. Esther is a past president of the Garden Club and very active in Crane Festival doings.
Vern Weigum had a couple of bound volumes of the Lodi High School newspaper, The Flame, on the counter the other day — 1952-53. Saw an article "by Vince." No other than Vince Perrin, who has lived in Stockton for quite a while and been very active in arts groups there. I recognized a lot of names but really didn't know the people. A good 10 years before I arrived here.
And one to end with: Ralph Waldo Emerson, that eminently quotable author, said, "Man's conscience is the oracle of God." Thousands of years before, God spoke to the prophet Elijah "in a still, small voice." Are these one and the same? If so, are we listening?
Gwin Paden has lived in Lodi since 1957. She served in the Women's Army Corps, worked for local newspapers, and taught English at Lodi High School and San Joaquin Delta College.

subset: commoncrawl


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Slideshow: National Pet Week
Thanks for sending us so many pictures of your amazingly adorable pets. We could only pick ten, but trust us, we labored over the decision day and night. Catherine and I haven't showered since Monday, we've been so consumed with the adorableness. Click here to see all ten — if you're going to coo at your screen, may we suggest you close your office door?


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Family STEAM Club
- Tuesdays at 2 PM for Homeschoolers beginning October 18
- Tuesdays at 7 PM: Grades K-5 with a parent.
Stop by and make some easy to intermediate science experiments and crafts together to take home.
STEAM Saturdays
Second Saturday of every month, beginning Saturday, November 12: Join us for easy science experiments to take home
Teen Tech Squad
- Tuesdays: 3:00-4:30
- Thursdays: 3:00-3:45
Grades 6 and up.
Join us in CATSS or the Think It Lab for easy, intermediate and advanced science and technology projects.
Learn the basics of any of the following:
- special effects,
- music editing,
- video editing
- 3D design and printing
- drag and drop computer programming
- robotics
- circuitry
Think It Lab
The Think It Lab
With the renovation of the Children's Department at Summit Library, the library created a new maker space, desginated for children and teens to create easy science and technology projects. Named by Washington Elementary School 3rd Grader Alexavier Tolentino, the Think It Lab houses the library's Makerbot 5th Generation 3D printer and several other items for exploring educational technology activities, including the following:
- littlebits
- snap circuits
- Robotics kits: Lego WeDo; Lego Mindstorms EV3 and NXT; Robotis and Vex IQ
- Makey Makey
- iPad Peripherals: sphero and ollie
Over the next few months, library staff members will create a series of rules and regulations for 3D printing and general usage of the room. So, keep your eyes peeled for this newest development.
NJ Makers Day
Summit Free Public Library will participate in the third annual NJ Makers Day, a series of days where libraries, schools, stores and after school programs get together and participate in STEAM programs.
Over the past two years, Summit Free Public Library has participated in NJ Makers Day, and has partnered with the following entities in order to create quality educational programs for children, teens, and their parents:
- Robot Revolution
- The Junior League of Summit
- LibraryLinkNJ
- The Summit Area YMCA
- The Connection
- The Union County Board of Chosen Freeholders
- The Summit Public Area Foundation
- Friends of Summit Free Public Library
3D Printing
The library now allows 3D printing to the Public. Please click here to submit to submit a file to be put in the printing queue
3-D Printer Policy
The library's 3-D printer is available to the community to make three-dimensional objects using a design that is downloaded from a digital computer file.
Restrictions: The established library Rules of Conduct shall apply to the appropriateness of objects to be printed on the 3-D printer.
The library reserves the right to refuse any 3D print request.
Only designated staff will operate the 3D printer.
A maximum of five hours of print time will be allotted for any item to be printed. If there is high demand, the library will schedule only one print per day per person or entity.
Any 3D drafting software may be used to create a design as long as the file can be saved in .stl or .obj file format.
The library will charge $1.00 for any item printed up to 28 grams in weight plus $ .25 for each additional gram.
Wait/pickup time: Items must be picked up at the Think It Lab. It is sometimes difficult to estimate exact print times. Library staff will make an educated guess about the length of a job upon request.
Items that are printed on the 3D printer that are not picked up within 7 days will become the property of the library. Items must be picked up by the person who requested the print.
By submitting objects for printing, the patron assumes all responsibility for, and shall hold the library harmless in, all matters related to patent, trademarked, or copyrighted materials.
Patrons wishing to be present for the printing process must make an appointment with the Youth Services Department.


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The colonial economy was characterized by private monopolies, central planning, and state marketing of key products—all designed to promote capital accumulation by the state, Portuguese settlers, and Portuguese-based commerce and industry. Colonial policy excluded most Africans from highly skilled and managerial positions until the years immediately preceding independence. After independence the Mozambique Liberation Front (Frente de Libertação de Moçambique; Frelimo) government tried to change the colonial economic patterns by nationalizing key properties, promoting African education and training, and breaking up the Portuguese and South Asian hold on commercial distribution. Despite Frelimo's public stand against ethnic discrimination, Portuguese settlers and South Asian traders—threatened by the government's economic policies—left by the thousands. Settlers anticipating nationalization abandoned their properties, adding by default to the proportion of the national economy that the state controlled, and large-scale state-run farms and communal and cooperative farming replaced the settler and company plantations. Frelimo's agricultural undertakings proved unproductive and unmanageable, however, and, in combination with the flight of South Asian merchants and the instability caused by guerrilla warfare, much of the country's agricultural production, commerce, and distribution system collapsed. In an effort to rebuild the economy, the state ultimately reoriented economic policy in accordance with plans imposed by the International Monetary Fund, which emphasized decentralization and privatization and provided assistance to family farmers.
Although agriculture has been the most widespread economic activity, remittances from migrant labourers in South Africa and revenues from tourism and the country's port and railway sector have been equally important historically as sources of foreign exchange. While all these sectors declined severely during the 1980s and early '90s because of civil unrest, they rebounded after the 1992 peace accord, and the industry sector —specifically, resource exploitation, aluminum smelting, and electricity production—also expanded. By the early 21st century, Mozambique had attained a significant amount of economic growth.
Although agriculture employs about four-fifths of the country's workforce, it constitutes only about one-fifth of Mozambique's gross domestic product. Most agricultural production comes from family farming operations, which produce the two staple crops of corn (maize)—in which Mozambique was self-sufficient by 1997—and cassava, as well as beans, rice, and a variety of vegetables and oilseeds such as peanuts (groundnuts), sesame, and sunflowers. Family labour is also responsible for gathering a large part of the cashew nut crop and produces cotton for the local market and for export. Although agricultural output declined in most rural areas during the late 1970s and '80s, greater social and political stability and favourable climatic conditions led to a marked increase in production in the 1990s. Agricultural performance is particularly vulnerable to natural disasters such as droughts and flooding; in 2000, for example, severe flooding in the central and southern part of the country seriously disrupted agriculture and infrastructure in the affected regions.
Sugar, tea, copra, and sisal, developed as plantation crops during the colonial era, are still produced by private plantations, state farms, government-sponsored cooperatives, and communal villages. Irrigation occurs primarily in the area along the Zambezi River that is irrigated by the Cahora Bassa Dam and in the former settler areas in the south, particularly along the Limpopo River, that are irrigated by schemes developed in the 1950s and '60s. Production of beef and pork, formerly important, has been surpassed by poultry.
The forests along the Beira railway and in Zambézia province in the north have been exploited since independence as the country's key source of domestic fuel, firewood, and charcoal, though South African investors are interested in Mozambique's potential to provide wood for building materials and pulp for paper industries. The country's forest resources were briefly exploited for both export and local building material during the 1960s and '70s, but significant hardwood forest reserves have survived deforestation for fuel. More timber is cut than replaced by reforestation initiatives, however, and the long-term ecological effects of eucalyptus plantations are a concern.
Fishing is one area of the economy that is immune to rural insecurity. Mozambique's offshore waters contain lobster, tuna, mackerel, sardines, and anchovies but are best known for the shrimp (prawns) that are an important export commodity. Since l973 1973 production and marketing of saltwater fish, shrimp, and shellfish have increased steadily.
Mozambique's natural resources remained largely underdeveloped during the 1980s, but, with greater political stability after the peace accord of 1992, investment increased dramatically in a wide range of resource-development projects. The Tete highlands in the west-central region have large bituminous coal reserves at Moatize. Although exploration for oil has been disappointing, the development of large commercially viable natural gas fields at Pande and Temane in Inhambane province has been successful.
Key metallic resources include high-quality iron ore and the rare and important mineral tantalite (the principal ore of tantalum), of which Mozambique has what may be the world's largest reserves. Gold, bauxite, graphite, marble, bentonite, and limestone are mined and quarried, and sea salt is extracted in coastal areas. Other development efforts have focused on the production of heavy mineral sands in Zambézia province and on a project to mine ilmenite (a major source of titanium) at Moma in Nampula province. Mozambique's other mineral deposits include manganese, graphite, fluorite, platinum, nickel, uranium, asbestos, and diamonds. Foreign investors have expressed interest in expanding the development of these deposits, especially since the Mozambique government has made foreign investment more attractive.
On the strength of its resources, Mozambique should now be Southern Africa's most important energy producer and exporter. The country's postindependence security problems, however, undercut production in everything but refining of imported crude oil near Maputo. The centrepiece of Mozambique's energy potential is the Cahora Bassa Dam on the upper Zambezi. Financed and constructed by an international consortium at the close of the colonial era, it was designed in cooperation with South Africa's national power company to produce electricity largely for South Africa, not Mozambique. Upon the completion of the dam in l9741974, less than one-tenth of its electrical capacity went to Mozambique, with the rest transmitted to South Africa's industrial heartland. At the beginning of the 21st century, most of its capacity was still exported, primarily to South Africa. Portugal long held the majority share of ownership in the company that operates Cahora Bassa. After much negotiation, an agreement between Portugal and Mozambique that increased Mozambique's share of ownership to 85 percent was implemented in 2006.
The entire national electrical grid was targeted by Renamo during the years of political conflict, frustrating efforts to make the best use of the country's hydroelectric potential and forcing cities to build and improve self-contained facilities. The country was able to repair much of the national electrical grid in the years after the conflict, and at the beginning of the 21st century almost all of Mozambique's electricity was generated by hydroelectric power. In addition to the Cahora Bassa installation, there are two privately run dams on the Revuè River that produce hydroelectric power.
In l975 1975 Mozambique's industrial and manufacturing sector was typical of much of colonial Africa, being based largely on minimally processed raw materials for export (shrimp, tea, sugar, cashews, citrus, copra, coal, and cotton) combined with processing and light manufacturing of commodities for local consumption. There was a sharp increase in the local manufacturing capacity from the late 1950s to the early 1970s in response to consumer demand from the burgeoning urban population. The limited development of heavier industry, such as the metalworking and railway equipment sector, was linked to trade, service, and transportation agreements with neighbouring countries.
Although much of Mozambique's skilled labour and managerial class left the country at the end of colonial rule, industrial production increased modestly until the early 1980s, when manufacturing and construction ground to a virtual halt. By 1990 industrial production had declined by almost two-thirds. Internal conflict interrupted the supply of raw materials from within the country, and soaring debt and diminishing exports combined to strangle Mozambique's ability to import spare parts and other materials necessary to sustain production. Sabotage and power outages exacerbated the situation.
As the country's overall social and economic climate improved in the early 1990s, industrial development resumed. Although production levels for the cement industry have not returned to those reached in the late 1970s, other industries are expanding. An ammonia plant opened in the centre of the country in the late 1990s, and a car assembly plant began operation in 2000. A key factor in Mozambique's economic growth was the opening of an aluminum smelter near Maputo in 2000. It is one of the world's largest smelters of aluminum, which has become an important export for Mozambique.
The Banco de Moçambique issues the national currency, the metical (plural meticais). In l978 1978 Mozambique nationalized most of its banking assets, but by the mid-1990s the banking sector had been privatized. Mozambique borrowed heavily so that it could fund development, alleviate its shortage of foreign exchange, and, eventually, import basic necessities such as food; by the 1990s debt service was consuming one-fourth of annual foreign exchange earnings. In l984 1984 Mozambique agreed to join the World Bank and International Monetary Fund (IMF), and in 1987 the government adopted reform programs as a condition for new loans and grants. Owing to Mozambique's success with economic reform programs, as well as the considerable amount of money it spent on debt servicing, Mozambique benefited from several debt-forgiveness plans beginning in the 1990s and continuing into the early 2000s.
Private and international investment were encouraged in the new economic climate, and by the end of the 1990s and into the 21st century the economy was benefiting from a huge growth in foreign investment. There is a stock exchange (Bolsa de Valores de Moçambique) in Maputo. The state monopoly on insurance ended in 1991.
Mozambique's most important exports by value include aluminum, electricity, shrimp, and cotton, whereas its most important imports by value include fuel, machinery and spare parts, and food products. South Africa is the country's major trading partner. Other partners include the countries of the European Union. Mozambique's highly unfavourable balance of trade slowly improved during the 1990s and early 2000s.
Mozambique's pleasant climate, beautiful beaches, and Indian Ocean islands made it an attractive vacation destination for neighbouring Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe) and South Africa prior to independence. However, tourism was ruined by the continuing political insecurity that came with the end of colonial rule. With the peace settlement of 1992 and the transition to majority rule governments in Zimbabwe and South Africa, tourism rebounded to the point that more tourists visit Mozambique now than before independence in 1975. Game reserves are being rehabilitated, and Mozambique has developed transnational parks and conservation areas with Swaziland and South Africa.
During the colonial period men often left to take paying jobs in neighbouring countries, and women remained behind to grow cash crops as well as crops for domestic consumption. Although women produced a significant portion of the agricultural products, they did not receive equal pay and rights. The Organization of Mozambican Women (Organização da Mulher Moçambicana; OMM) was founded by Frelimo in 1973 to mobilize women around issues of interest to them. After independence many women moved to the cities to take advantage of new economic opportunities.
Mozambican workers, including women, were guaranteed the right to form trade unions and the right to strike in the 1990 constitution. Numerous trade unions developed, many of which participated in the Organization of Mozambican Workers, a group that has openly criticized the free-market policies of the government.
Government income is derived from taxes on income and goods and services and from customs duties. Mozambique's tax system was significantly reformed in 1996 and has been modified since then. Such modifications have included the introduction of a value-added tax in 1999 and enhancements made to tax collection and enforcement methods in 2001.
Mozambique's transportation sector reflects the country's historical development in relation to its neighbours. The national road, railway, and port sectors were originally developed by the state and chartered companies primarily to service the trade and transport needs of South Africa, Zimbabwe, and Malawi—Mozambique's western neighbours. Because of this, the country has well-developed east-to-west rail and road systems that link its ports with the key industrial and mining regions of these countries. By contrast, there are few hard-surfaced roads and virtually no railroads oriented north-south.
Mozambique's potential as a transport centre for the interior is on par with its energy capabilities, with the international ports at Maputo, Beira, and Nacala among the best on the continent. There are also smaller, less developed ports from Pemba in the north to Inhambane in the south. The port and railway complex at Maputo was established at the end of the 19th century in response to the developing gold- and coal-mining industries of Johannesburg and northeastern South Africa. The colonial state managed to link the mining industry's access to Mozambican contract labour with a commitment to export a substantial fixed portion of the region's mineral exports through Maputo, thus guaranteeing service and customs revenues for the port. Subsequent rail lines linked Maputo with Swaziland and, in 1955, with the Gweru mining area of Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe).
Beira provides road and rail access to Zimbabwe through what has come to be called the Beira Corridor. It is also linked by rail to Malawi and to the Moatize coal mines near Tete. The rail links from Beira to Zimbabwe and Malawi were originally developed by the Mozambique Company and taken over by the Portuguese colonial government in l9471947. When Zimbabwe became independent in l9801980, international investors from the United Kingdom took a renewed interest in rehabilitating and upgrading the corridor, which, though closed briefly during the internal conflict, was reopened in 1987 with support from Zimbabwean military patrols.
Nacala, although damaged by a cyclone in the mid-1990s, has the country's best natural harbour and newest port facilities and is well placed to serve agricultural development in the north. Malawi developed a railway line to connect with Nacala's port and railway via Zomba, which was refurbished with support from the European Union, Canada, and others and opened in 1993.
Ferry service is available along the lower Zambezi at both Luabo and Marromeu and above Cahora Bassa between Chicoa and Zumbo, an area that lies near the point where Mozambique meets both Zambia and Zimbabwe. Ferries also serve Lake Nyasa, with Mozambican ports at Metangula and Meponda.
Private aircraft were the first to fly regularly in Mozambique, but after World War II Portugal's national airline opened a route between Beira and Maputo. Eventually colonial Mozambique developed its own airline. It was replaced in 1980 by Mozambique Airlines (Linhas Aéreas de Moçambique; LAM), the national carrier, which also provides international service. Mozambique has a number of domestic airports and international airports at Beira, Vilanculos, and Maputo.
Most of the existing network of internal connecting roads and airstrips in the northern and central areas was developed during the 1960s and '70s as part of Portugal's counterinsurgency strategy that emphasized air transportation as an alternate to the less-safe rural roadways. Airline passenger traffic developed in inverse proportion to that of the railways and roads, increasing steadily from the late 1970s as road and railway passage declined in response to the threat of ambush. North-south domestic travel in the country is therefore better served by the airlines than by the more east-west-oriented road or rail system.
Partly in response to long waits for installation of land phone service, the use of cellular telephones expanded rapidly in the early 21st century; Internet use and access, however, were limited and increased at a far slower pace.
The Mozambique Liberation Front (Frente de Libertação de Moçambique; Frelimo) led the armed insurgency against Portuguese colonial rule and came to power in l9751975, at which time Mozambique became a people's republic. Under the 1975 constitution, produced by the Central Committee of Frelimo, the party's president served as the president of the country. The president was also the head of the Council of Ministers, the People's Assembly, and Frelimo's Central Committee, as well as the commander in chief of the armed forces. Since membership in Frelimo was a prerequisite for any political office, the most powerful national and provincial offices tended to circulate among a fairly small group of trusted party members.
Colonial legislation was allowed to stand unless it was specifically judged to contradict the spirit of the new constitution. Legislation and judicial principles and practice evolved piecemeal through the work of popular assemblies and popular tribunals. In the early 1980s, for example, capital offenses were expanded to include political and nonviolent crimes such as hoarding and smuggling, and public flogging was reintroduced.
A new constitution, which introduced major changes in the government—multiparty elections, universal adult suffrage, and the secret ballot—was adopted in November 1990. Presidential term limits were outlined; a parliament was established with limited ability to veto executive action; the death penalty was abolished; and freedom of the press, the workers' right to strike, and the concept of habeas corpus were confirmed.
Under the 1990 constitution, which has been amended, the president serves as the head of state and government, is elected to a five-year term through universal suffrage, and can be reelected to a consecutive term only once. The president is assisted by the prime minister and the Council of Ministers. The president may also seek counsel from the Council of State, an advisory body provided for by a 2004 amendment to the constitution.
Members of the legislature, the Assembly of the Republic, are elected to five-year terms by universal suffrage. Among the Assembly's powers are the ability to ratify the suspension of constitutional guarantees, approve the appointment of the president and deputy president of the Supreme Court, and grant amnesties and pardons.
For administrative purposes, Mozambique is divided into 10 provinces (Cabo Delgado, Niassa, Nampula, Zambézia, Tete, Sofala, Manica, Maputo, Inhambane, and Gaza) and the capital city of Maputo; the president appoints the governor of each province. The provinces, in turn, are divided into districts and localities.
The judicial system consists of the Supreme Court, the Administrative Court, and lower courts. Judges are appointed by the president after consultation with the Superior Council of the Judiciary or the Superior Council of the Administrative Judiciary.
After independence the Mozambique National Resistance (Resistência Nacional Moçambicana; Renamo) was created by whites in Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe) and sought to destabilize the Frelimo regime. Internal conflict raged throughout Mozambique from the late 1970s until 1992. Throughout this period Frelimo remained Mozambique's sole political party; however, multiparty elections began in 1994. Frelimo and Renamo continue to be the major parties, but there are a handful of others.
Universal suffrage is guaranteed by the 1990 constitution. By the early 21st century, women had begun to serve in significant numbers in the Assembly of the Republic and on the Council of Ministers, and in 2004 Luisa Diogo was named prime minister—the first woman to hold the post in Mozambique.
Mozambique's national army has its roots in the Frelimo army that developed during the anticolonial liberation struggle. Women had been integrated into the Frelimo army during this time, although this action was opposed by many males in the army. After independence the only military challenges Mozambique faced were the result of its support for the independence movements in Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe) and South Africa. In response, both of those countries backed Renamo's guerrilla efforts against the Mozambican government throughout the 1980s. Therefore, necessity dictated that Mozambique's military be larger than those of surrounding countries without such internal strife. After the end of the conflict in 2002, the number of troops dwindled; legislation making military service compulsory was enacted in 1997.
Frelimo expanded and altered the health care system to better serve the majority population, establishing rural health care clinics and thus changing the emphasis from curative care designed principally to serve the settler population to preventive care aimed at the majority. However, Frelimo's nationalization of medical services led to an exodus of licensed physicians, and, owing to the shortage of physicians, nurses, technical assistants, and midwives have played an important role in providing health care. Malnutrition, tuberculosis, cholera, measles, a variety of gastrointestinal problems, and tropical diseases such as malaria, leprosy, schistosomiasis, and sleeping sickness are endemic in many parts of the country. At the beginning of the 21st century, the spread of AIDS in Mozambique had also become a problem.
Abandoned houses were nationalized in 1975, and those left vacant by Portuguese nationals were given to homeless Mozambicans. Rental property was also nationalized. In most rural areas, people live in mud-walled and thatch-roofed houses that they construct themselves. Though often circular in shape, some are square, and square or rectangular housing is most common in urban and peri-urban neighbourhoods. Mud and wattle construction (where mud is held in place by a frame of crisscrossed sticks) is widely used in rural areas, while in and near urban areas people more often utilize cement bricks. The majority of houses in both rural and urban areas are relatively small, built in clusters around a common yard where most cooking and food preparation takes place.
The Portuguese educational system was two-tiered—designed to promote rudimentary skills among the majority African population and to provide liberal and technical education for the settler population and a tiny minority of Africans. More than four-fifths of students enrolled in the colonial system were restricted to the rudimentary program. The state, in cooperation with the Roman Catholic Church, provided public education, but private education was also available, mostly through church groups. The language of instruction was Portuguese, but at independence only a tiny proportion of the African population was literate in it. There were also Islamic schools in the capital and along the northern coast.
The National System of Education, implemented in the early 1980s, created programs for people of all ages, part-time as well as full-time students, to improve both literacy and technical education. Private and parochial school facilities were nationalized to facilitate the reorganization and unification of the educational system. Although the number of primary, secondary, adult educational, and vocational centres increased rapidly, demand for education quickly outstripped the state's capacity. Primary school attendance in 1973 was 643,000 and rose to about 1,500,000 by 1979. The figure declined in the 1980s, however, as Renamo destroyed more than 1,000 schools, but by the mid-1990s attendance was again approaching the 1979 level. Literacy increased considerably in the two decades after independence—to some two-fifths of the population—although the figure for males was more than double that for females. Frelimo's Office of Mass Communications also utilized radio, murals, and a cartoon character (who represented the former colonial secret police) to disseminate information to the illiterate and promote communication among them.
The national university, established in l962 1962 and renamed Eduardo Mondlane University in l976 1976 for the first president of Frelimo, offers courses through a range of faculties, centres, and schools. Other universities include the Catholic University of Mozambique (1995) and Higher Polytechnic and University Institute (1994), both of which have branches in multiple cities.
During the colonial era Mozambique's history was written as though it had begun with the arrival of the Portuguese, but the people of this region had developed complex communities based on agriculture, cattle raising, mining, crafts, and trade long before the first small groups of Portuguese settlers arrived in the 16th century. Archaeological and historical research since 1950 has begun to reintegrate Mozambique's past with that of East, Central, and Southern Africa. For a consideration of Mozambique in its regional context, see Southern Africa.
From at least the 3rd century AD, Iron Age people who practiced agriculture and kept both cattle and small livestock moved into Mozambique as part of the migration of Bantu speakers from west-central Africa toward the south and east. These people had mastered iron technology and combined the cultivation of some grains with knowledge of root and tree crops. In the process they created such sustained population growth that they needed to expand their territory. In a slow but fairly steady process, one branch of Bantu speakers moved east toward the Indian Ocean and then south along the coast, and another moved more directly south-southeast into the Zimbabwe plateau and highlands of western Mozambique.
The characteristic social unit was the extended patrilineal household headed by an elder male and consisting of his wives, their unmarried children, adult sons, and the sons' families. Although both social and labour organization varied throughout the area, women were usually responsible for child care, cultivation, gathering of food crops, and food preparation, whereas men were involved in cattle keeping, hunting, toolmaking, and a range of crafts.
Toward the end of the 1st millennium AD, groups of households called nyika had emerged in south-central Mozambique as social units under the authority of a chief and chiefly household. In the 10th century a settlement known as Mapungubwe, which incorporated many nyika, developed in the upper reaches of the Limpopo River. It was the earliest of the settlements featuring stone enclosures, or zimbabwes.
The groups on the Zimbabwe plateau expanded their herds and moved between the plateau and the surrounding Mozambican lowlands in pursuit of seasonal pastures, although the tsetse fly, which causes sleeping sickness, was present in the region. The region's economy was rooted in agriculture and cattle keeping, but its social and political organization became more complex with the development of local industries and trade, specifically the mining of gold, copper, and iron ore and the development of salt pans, tool forges, and potting industries. The civilization of Great Zimbabwe, which dominated the region politically from the mid-13th to the mid-15th century, controlled mining and trade.
The zimbabwe settlement at Manekweni, about 30 miles (50 km) from the Indian Ocean in southern Mozambique, replicated in miniature the social and settlement patterns of the highland interior. Manekweni was a centre for agriculture, cattle keeping, and the gold trade from about the 12th to the 18th century.
From roughly the 10th to the 18th century, Great Zimbabwe and the area of Central Africa around Lake Kisale (in present-day Katanga province of the Democratic Republic of the Congo) were the region's centres of production and intra-African trade. Beginning in at least the 1st millennium, however, people of this region traded with various non-Africans. The earliest and most important external trade link for Mozambique was with Middle Eastern and South Asian peoples who traded beads and cloth for gold across the Red Sea and the Indian Ocean.
By the 14th century, African Arab, or Swahili, trade cities were flourishing along the coast from Somalia in the north to Kilwa in what is now southern Tanzania. Smaller Swahili sultanates developed along the northern coast of Mozambique as far south as Angoche. A series of markets had arisen throughout the region by the 16th century, sustained by intraregional trade in raw materials and long-distance trade in gold, copper, ivory, and slaves.
The voyage of Vasco da Gama around the Cape of Good Hope into the Indian Ocean in 1498 marked the European entry into trade, politics, and society in the Indian Ocean world. The Portuguese gained control of the Island of Mozambique and the port city of Sofala in the early 16th century, and by the 1530s small groups of Portuguese had pushed their way into the interior, where they set up garrisons and trading posts at Sena and Tete on the Zambezi River and tried to gain exclusive control over the gold trade. The Portuguese attempted to legitimate and consolidate their trade and settlement positions through the creation of prazos (land grants) tied to European occupation. While prazos were originally developed to be held by Europeans, through intermarriage they became African Portuguese or African Indian centres defended by large African slave armies known as Chikunda. Most prazos had declined by the mid-19th century, but several of them survived and strongly resisted Portuguese domination until the last quarter of the 19th century.
The Portuguese were able to wrest much of the coastal trade from Arabs between 1500 and l7001700, but, with the Arab seizure of Portugal's key foothold at Fort Jesus on Mombasa (now in Kenya) in l6981698, the pendulum began to swing in the other direction. During the 18th and 19th centuries the Mazrui and Omani Arabs reclaimed much of the Indian Ocean trade, forcing the Portuguese to retreat south. During the 19th century other European powers, particularly the British and the French, became increasingly involved in the trade and politics of the region.
By the 18th century, slaves had become an increasingly important part of Mozambique's overall export trade from the East African coast. Yao traders developed slave networks from the Marave area around the tip of Lake Nyasa to Kilwa and the Island of Mozambique. Prazo traders along the Zambezi sold gold and slaves from Zumbo, Tete, and Manica to Portuguese merchants at Quelimane, and Tsonga ivory traders developed routes from the Transvaal region of South Africa and from the Zimbabwe plateau to coastal entrepôts at Inhambane and Maputo. During the 19th century, Mozambicans were sold as slaves in the Portuguese and Brazilian South Atlantic trade, the Arab trade from the Swahili coast, and the French trade to the sugar-producing islands of the Indian Ocean and Madagascar. Although the trade in slaves declined as a result of the mid-19th-century slave-trade agreements between Portugal and Britain, clandestine trade—particularly from central and northern Mozambique—continued into the 20th century.
During the first three decades of the 19th century, the proliferation of military and raiding groups from the conflicts in the northern Nguni heartland southwest of Mozambique had an important impact on southern and west-central Mozambique. Several military groups, offshoots of the emerging Zulu state, invaded Mozambican territory, seizing cattle, hostages, and food as they went. The waves of armed groups disrupted both trade and day-to-day production throughout the area. Two groups, the Jere under Zwangendaba and the Ndwandwe (both later known as Ngoni) under Soshangane, swept through Mozambique. Zwangendaba's group continued north across the Zambezi, settling to the west of contemporary Mozambique, but Soshangane's group crossed the Limpopo into southern Mozambique, where it eventually consolidated itself into the Gaza state. In the 1860s a succession struggle between the sons of Soshangane caused enormous suffering in the region and weakened the Gaza state.
By the 1880s the Portuguese controlled trade and collected tribute in coastal enclaves from Ibo in the north to Lourenço Marques in the south, but their ability to control events outside those areas was quite limited; that situation, however, was about to change. Increasingly, as neighbours of the Gaza state were raided periodically for refusing to pay tribute, they began to ally themselves with the Portuguese, which the Portuguese both encouraged and exploited. In the l890s 1890s a coalition of Portuguese troops and African armies marched against the state. When the Gaza leadership was finally defeated in 1897, southern Mozambique passed into Portuguese control. Two decades later the Portuguese, who had mounted dozens of military campaigns by that time, directly controlled the Barue of central Mozambique, the African Portuguese of the Zambezi and Maganja da Costa prazos, the Yao of Mataka, the northern Makua chiefdoms, and the northern coastal sheikhdoms of Angoche.
Trade in ivory, gold, slaves, rubber, oilseeds, and a broad range of European goods continued throughout the 19th century. However, European economic interest and influence in the region changed rapidly by mid-century in response to developments in both Africa and Europe. African labour was needed on the sugar plantations and at South African ports and mines after diamonds (at Kimberley in the 1860s) and gold (at Witwatersrand in the 1880s) were discovered. Because of the need for labour, Europeans were determined to gain greater control over tracts of land and their inhabitants at the expense of African leadership. The combined struggle for access to mineral-bearing lands and the labour force to work them fueled the so-called "scramble" in Southern Africa.
Portugal claimed a swath of territory from present-day Mozambique to Angola. Although the Germans, whose territory bordered Mozambique to the north, accepted the Portuguese claims—establishing Mozambique's northern boundary—British claims to the region contradicted those of Portugal, leading to prolonged negotiations. However, the Portuguese crown was heavily in debt to British financiers, and the small country was no match for Britain's military; in l891 1891 Portugal was forced to accept Britain's definition of Mozambique's western and southern boundaries.
Portugal had little hope of developing the entire region on its own, and so it turned to its familiar colonial strategy of leasing large tracts of land to private companies. Chartered companies were granted the privilege of exploiting the lands and peoples of specific areas in exchange for an obligation to develop agriculture, communications, social services, and trade. The Mozambique Company, the Niassa Company, and the Zambezia Company were all established in this manner in the l890s1890s. Any economic development and investment in infrastructure was related directly to company interests and usually undertaken at African expense. Sugar, copra, and sisal plantations depending largely on conscripted labour and railways linking Beira with the British South Africa Company territory and British Nyasaland to the west and northwest were all developed and built at a high cost to the African workforce.
The Portuguese government eventually terminated the charters of the major concession companies, bringing all of Mozambique under direct Portuguese rule. Between the l890s 1890s and the l930s1930s, Portuguese rule in Mozambique was characterized by the exploitation of African people and resources by private parties, whether they were foreign company shareholders or colonial bureaucrats and settlers. The most egregious colonial abuses—forced labour, forced crop cultivation, high taxes, low wages, confiscation of the most promising lands—occurred regardless of which group of Europeans was in control.
The 1926 coup in Portugal created a Portuguese regime that came to be known as the "New State" (Estado Novo). Although most of the former abuses in Mozambique continued and in some cases were intensified, the New State consolidated the profit into fewer hands and promoted conditions that would favour capital accumulation by Portugal and the Portuguese over all others. While the administrative and educational systems in Mozambique were unified and developed more coherently under the New State, they were still principally directed toward settlers.
Colonial investment patterns began to change in the early 1950s, when Portugal set forth a series of development plans designed to extend and upgrade Mozambique's transportation and communications infrastructure. Portuguese who had exploited monopolies and incentives to great profit were encouraged to invest in, expand, and diversify their undertakings. The generally favourable prices for tropical commodities in the post-World War II era fueled the trend, and the colonial economy expanded vigorously. At the same time, the New State retained tight control over the economic and physical mobility of the Africans, and thousands of Portuguese settlers arrived in the 1950s and '60s to take advantage of employment and business opportunities denied to Africans. But in promoting these policies, Portuguese colonial authorities antagonized Africans of all social classes.
The African leadership that emerged in the late 1950s represented a broad cross section of the population and was able to channel considerable discontent against colonial power. Because the New State dealt with any form of political dissent with imprisonment, deportation, or execution, the formal political challenge to the regime developed among African workers and students living outside Mozambique. In l962 1962 Mozambican representatives from exiled political groups met in Tanganyika (now Tanzania) and formed the socialist Mozambique Liberation Front (Frente de Libertação de Moçambique; Frelimo), with Eduardo Mondlane as its first president.
Frelimo's strategy was not immediately clear, but, after serious internal debate, the ascendant leadership committed itself to an armed challenge. Frelimo's guerrilla forces, which had been trained and armed by African and Soviet-bloc supporters, attacked targets in northern Mozambique in September 1964, and the war for independence was launched. Portugal, faced with similar challenges in all its African territories (Angola, Guinea-Bissau, and Cape Verde), responded with enormous military effort. Mondlane was killed in 1969, but the leadership of Frelimo was ably assumed by Samora Machel, and the Portuguese remained frustrated and militarily ineffectual against Frelimo's small-scale guerrilla engagements. By l974 1974 Frelimo forces could move about most of the north in relative freedom and had infiltrated central Mozambique, although the cities, most of the south, and the coastal areas as far north as Nacala remained in Portuguese hands.
In April l974 1974 the military in Portugal staged a coup, which was welcomed by those Portuguese who were unhappy with the New State regime, its African wars, and its ideology. Frelimo took advantage of its military position to insist on a cease-fire, which confirmed its right to assume power in an independent Mozambique. A quickly aborted countercoup attempt in Maputo in September and some rioting in October were the only overt challenges to Frelimo's authority. Within a year of the Portuguese coup, most of the settler population had left Mozambique, and on June 25, l9751975, Mozambique became an independent, single-party state led by Frelimo, with Machel serving as president.
Frelimo's solidarity with other African guerrilla groups fighting for political rights in the region strongly shaped events after it controlled the entire country. Mozambicans widely supported Frelimo's decisions to close the border with Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe), to implement international sanctions against the country, and to allow its guerrilla forces to develop bases in Mozambique, but these decisions proved costly when Mozambique suffered major losses of revenue and lives and the destruction of key infrastructure. Frelimo's support for the African National Congress (ANC) brought similar economic and military retribution from the white regime in South Africa.
Frelimo had mixed success with its social and economic policies during its first decade of rule. Forced cultivation, forced labour, and ethnic discrimination were ended, but the party's commitment to communal, cooperative, and state-run agriculture antagonized many African farmers, who had hoped to see land returned to their families. By l985 1985 Frelimo recognized the failure of its agricultural policy of moving farmers into communal villages. Under pressure from international creditors, it began de-emphasizing state ownership and control of markets in favour of the family agricultural sector.
The government's extensive investment in education, health care, and services for the majority population was initially highly successful. Within a decade of independence, however, these gains had been totally undermined by the actions of the Mozambique National Resistance (Resistência Nacional Moçambicana; Renamo), an insurgency group trained, supplied, and supported by Rhodesia, South Africa, former Portuguese settlers, and Mozambicans opposed to Frelimo. Renamo began economic sabotage and a campaign of terror against the rural population shortly after independence. In 1984 the governments of Mozambique and South Africa signed the Nkomati Accord, under which each country would no longer support the other country's opposition movement (ANC in South Africa and Renamo in Mozambique). Because this agreement did little to curb Renamo's activity and was violated by South Africa, Frelimo continued attempts to end the conflict through negotiation. The leaders of Frelimo and Renamo finally accepted a peace agreement in October 1992, whereby Frelimo's leadership agreed to change the constitution and to open the political process to competing parties in exchange for Renamo's promise to end the war. Issues between the two groups were not totally resolved until 1994.
The multiparty elections that finally took place in October 1994 were the culmination of years of effort to reach a peaceful end to the war between Frelimo and Renamo. Frelimo, once a self-described Marxist-Leninist vanguard party and still progressive if not clearly socialist, made several important concessions to the peace process. Mozambique joined the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund in 1984 and adopted their demands to privatize the economy under a structural-adjustment program. Several years later Joaquim Chissano, who had become Mozambique's president when Machel died in a plane crash in 1986, introduced a new constitution that ended Frelimo's one-party rule and Mozambique's identity as a socialist country. That constitution allowed for multiparty elections, though other goals had to be met before elections could be held.
Renamo changed its image as an international pariah known for burning schools and health clinics and became a legitimate political party. Renamo's leader, Afonso Dhlakama, met with international political leaders and was accepted as a presidential candidate. During the election campaign the United Nations provided military and civilian police, who supervised the activities of their Mozambican counterparts, while the European Union supplied election materials. Although Frelimo and Renamo were the main contenders in the elections, many other smaller parties also emerged, including several founded by Mozambican businessmen who had been in exile for years. There were a dozen presidential candidates and a similar number of parties fielding candidates for the National Assembly. The elections were considered free and fair by international observers, with Frelimo president Chissano garnering the majority of the votes. Renamo, however, was strongly represented in the national government and the National Assembly.
The new government faced the lingering effects of the war, notably the presence of up to two million land mines in the countryside. An international operation has cleared some areas of mines, especially along roads, but many rural areas remain endangered. The effort to demobilize both Frelimo and Renamo forces and form a new, unified military also met with delays and difficulties, and in the mid-1990s soldiers waiting in demobilization camps for weeks without food, money, or prospects for work staged scattered violent uprisings.
In the early 21st century, Mozambique suffered several natural disasters, including drought, an earthquake, and devastating floods. The country's economic growth, though adversely affected by these events, was bolstered by significant debt relief and by economic reform measures enacted by the government. The new century also ushered in a change in leadership: in 2001 Chissano announced that he would not stand in the next presidential election. Frelimo, however, maintained control of the presidency when its candidate, Armando Guebuza, was victorious in the December 2004 presidential election. Earlier that year, Luisa Diogo (also of Frelimo) was named prime minister—the first woman to hold the position in Mozambique.


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The Yungaburra Market
The Yungaburra Market is the biggest and oldest market on the Atherton Tablelands.
On one day each month, local producers gather on the commons in the middle of the historic village of Yungaburra to sell fresh produce, flowers, home made crafts, local wines, wooden furniture, clothing and just about anything else you can think of.
From January to November, the markets are held on the 4th Saturday of the month. The December Market - usually the biggest of the year - is specially scheduled to ensure it falls prior to Christmas eve. See Market Days for more information.
The Market runs from 7:30am to 12:30pm. It pays to come early, as some stalls do sell out before noon.
The Yungaburra Market is organised by the Yungaburra State School P&C Association. Contact us if you have any questions.
34 days to the next Yungaburra Market.


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A Canyon del Oro High School student was arrested Tuesday morning after witnesses saw him pointing a rifle at cars and two people from a park near the school.
Oro Valley police school resource and patrol officers responded to James D. Kriegh Park, 23 W. Calle Concordia, around 8 a.m. and found the teen, Lt. Kara Riley an Oro Valley Police Department spokeswoman said in a news release.
"The rifle was later found to be a non-functioning weapon," the release said.
Riley describe the gun as something that would be used by a member of the honor guard or ROTC to perform drills.
"It looks as real as you're gonna get but it's not a functioning weapon," she said.
The teen was booked into Pima County Juvenile Court Detention Center on suspicion of aggravated assault, a class 3 felony, criminal nuisance, a class 3 misdemeanor, and endangerment, threat and intimidation and disorderly conduct, which are class 1 misdemeanors, Riley said.


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Safari 7 review: Mavericks browser saves battery life, brings further refinements
Safari 7 speeds up Web surfing, but it also takes a few steps backward with its feature set.
Trine 2 review: Mac game offers gorgeous adventure, brain-twisting puzzles
Trine 2's built on familiar gaming ideas, but executes nearly every aspect flawlessly.
Gone Home review: Mac game is full of surprises—in all the best ways
What Gone Home lacks in graphical wizardry, it makes up for with atmospheric sound and lighting, and meticulous attention to detail.
EasyEnvelopes review: When you absolutely, positively have to use snail mail
Save yourself from the headaches of printing on envelopes with EasyEnvelopes.
Maxthon review: Browser touts cloud-based features that work across different platforms
The Maxthon Cloud Browser is useful for users who often switch between Macs, Windows, and mobile devices, but in general, it's a jack of all trades and master of none
Firefox 23 review: Cheerful, cluttered, and a bit too eager to please
Firefox 23 has some worthwhile features, but when it comes to performance it can't keep up with other browsers.
Chrome for Mac review: When speed is all you care about in a browser
Google browser gets even faster, but little else has changed with Chrome 29.
iDraw review: Surprising power for an affordable graphics app
It's not as full-featured as Illustrator, but for a lot of artists, iDraw has the right tools at the right price.
Opera 15 review: Mac browser sells its soul for speed and slickness
Opera 15 may not be a step backward from its earlier versions, but it doesn't feel like a step forward, either.
Review: Airmail email client has sleek fuselage, can't avoid a little turbulence
Airmail's appealing interface can't entirely conceal this lightweight email client's shortcomings.
Mac Gems: Mailplane 3 melds Gmail and your Mac
Looking for a dedicated Gmail client for your Mac? Mailplane 3 is one of the better options out there.
Review: Sleipnir 4 has a different take on Web browsers
The decidedly different Sleipnir 4 is a breath of fresh air in the world of Web browsers.
Review Roundup: Mac email clients
Looking for a mail application other than Apple Mail? There are several alternatives, all offering different features and user interfaces.
Review: Yandex 1.5 browser offers a lot of Cyrillic, but not much else
Yandex Browser is a Russian browser built mostly from the open-source version of Google's Chrome.
Review: MailForge 3 email client turns back the clock—and stays there
Macsimize Software attempts to revive Eudora with this email client.
Articles by Nathan AldermanNext Page


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Cathsea's Mom Answers Activity
Cathsea is a star in these topics:
Pregnancy > Baby Showers (2 helpful answers)
Recent Activity | Asked | Answered
I'm 32 weeks, I have severe heartburn and pressure on my pubic area. Anyone else have these? Watch this
Most recent answer (09/15/2012):
i am 32 weeks my original due date according to my period was nov 12 now the doctor change it to the 9th i want to know what week or date...posted by a BabyCenter Member
iam 39.4 weeks with severe sciatic nerve pain, is there any thing that can help Watch this
Most recent answer (07/18/2011):
I have had issues with sciatica off and on for years. But after I had my last daughter I had the worst flare up ever! It started the day ...posted by a BabyCenter Member
Should we have a baby shower for our third child? Watch this
Most recent answer (03/10/2017):
it's perfectly fine to celebrate life - each lifeposted by frenzio


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A £100,000 project to improve Risley Moss for wildlife lovers, families and dog walkers is now under way.
Restoration work on the nature reserve's paths starts today, Wednesday, and access to the site will be limited during the project for the next couple of months.
Ranger Gaynor Kerry said: "The work will involve some major access restrictions and path closures during the next few weeks causing some disruption until the middle of June.
"Warrington Borough Council rangers at Risley Moss apologise for any inconvenience."
The Forestry Commission provided £50,000 for the improvement scheme while Wren, a not-for-profit business that awards community grants, made up the £50,000 shortfall.


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– It's not enough that former Monsanto executive Michael Taylor is the Food Czar in Obama`s administration. Monsanto recently purchased Xe Intelligence Services. Xe is the new name for Blackwater, the largest private mercenary military outfit in the world. Within that same time frame, Bill Gates purchased $23 million of Monsanto stock. –
Let`s take a look at each of the four horsemen.Michael TaylorHe was Monsanto`s chief attorney and lobbyist. He knows his way around the FDA and USDA since he`s influenced both agencies. Monsanto Mike was the one who pushed Monsanto`s rBGH (recombinant Bovine Growth Hormone) to help poison milking cows and consumers` milk. Then he made it illegal for non-cooperating dairy farms to display "no rBGH" on their milk cartons. He made life financially miserable for those dairy farmers who didn`t play ball.
Some suspect a Food Czar link with the current raw milk raids. After all, milk is Monsanto Mike`s familiar turf, and his chief administrative duty is food safety.
In case you`re not sure of Monsanto`s destructive nature, here`s a short list of Monsanto`s toxic products: Agent Orange, PCBs, aspartame, rBGH, and Ready Roundup. Google them.
Monsanto developed terminator seeds, forcing farmers to buy new seeds because they cannot be recycled after first harvest. Monsanto is the world`s leading GMO producer. And they sue farmers for violating patent laws when non-GMO farms` crops are inadvertently infested by neighboring GMO crops.
Monsanto is making sure they own patents on almost all other non-GMO seeds as well. Their stated goal is to own the world`s food production. Think food mafia!
Under the guise of philanthropy, Gates is constantly funding vaccine development and distribution. This includes GM crops containing vaccines and mosquitoes to deliver vaccines. The targets of these developments are usually developing countries.
Vaccines have been exposed as carriers for sterilization agents in developing countries over the past two decades. Perhaps Bill Gates` comment on reducing the population by ten to fifteen percent with vaccines was not a slip of the tongue or taken out of context.
Gates is also funding the Alliance for a Green Revolution in Africa (AGRA). The Gates Foundation hired Robert Horsh in 2006 when he was a director at Monsanto! The AGRA is a front for stripping African farmers of their traditional seed use and force selling them GM seeds. This type of operation has had tragic results for poor cotton farmers in India.
Xe AKA Blackwater
Blackwater has a history of black ops and secret illegal activities. Their services are available to corporate as well as government operations. They changed their name to Xe because of their soiled reputation for exposed dirty deeds in Iraq. As a private mercenary army, Blackwater has been able to terrorize targets under secret contracts, while enabling their employers to claim deniability.
Through different shell company names, Xe has developed secret contracts with several multi-national corporations. Jeremy Scahill, the author of Blackwater: The Rise of the World's Most Powerful Mercenary Army, has recently exposed Monsanto`s relationship with Xe.
According to Scahill, Cofer Black the director of Total Intelligence, one of Blackwater`s shell companies, started pitching Monsanto in 2008. Black is former CIA director with a nasty reputation. Now Total Intelligence is part of Monsanto. That division`s purpose is to covertly infiltrate anti-GMO activists and resisting farmers. This would enable splintering those groups, or even assassinating some key individuals.
We must resist the evil synergy of this alliance. Jeffrey Smith`s anti-GMO campaign with his Institute for Responsible Technology is a starting point.
Sources for more information include:
- Jeffrey Smith`s Institute for Responsible Technology www.responsibletechnology.org/
- Monsanto buys Blackwater http://beforeitsnews.com/story/215/…
- Cure Zone on Michael Taylor`s Codex Ties and possible link to current raw milk raids http://curezone.com/blogs/fm.asp?i=…
- Machines of War: Blackwater, Monsanto, and Bill Gates (posted on Infowars.com) http://english.pravda.ru/business/c…
- The Article that went viral (Blackwater`s Black Ops, by Peter Scahill) http://www.thenation.com/article/15…
The Nation`s Peter Scahill section (Blackwater articles) http://www.thenation.com/search/apa…
Michael Taylor
Posted by Chuck Palazzo on November 8, 2010, With Reads Filed under Veterans. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0. Both comments and pings are currently closed.
5 Responses to "Obama Food Czar Is Former Monsanto Exec, One of the Four Horsemen of the Food Apocalypse"
MONSANTO DID NOT BUY BLACKWATER! I'm sick of debunking this. Read the original Scahill article! This rumor started when Russian news site Pravda MISTRANSLATED the original Scahill article. If you follow the links to the source, it's VERY clear that Monsanto purchased services from Blackwater's intelligence arm Total Intelligence, but in no way did they purchase Blackwater. I help run the Millions Against Monsanto group on Facebook with over 50,000 fans. I'd be the first to jump on that story if it were true, but it's not and you are misinforming your readers!
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DNA DIAGNOSTICS, INC Ripoff Reports, Complaints, Reviews, Scams, Lawsuits and Frauds Reported
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|DNA Diagnostics, Inc Shelterwood Laboratories Lied, ignored calls, took money, and never did the testing I paid for. Timpson, Texas Author: Pleasant Grove, Utah Animal Services: DNA Diagnostics, Inc Timpson, Texas
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|CatGENES.org CAT GENES , DNA Diagnostics, Inc. DNA lab asks for my *opinion* to verify if their LAB results are accurate!!! Internet Author: Calhoun, Louisiana Animal Services: CatGENES.org Internet
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Some very informative blog posts by Sandeep Paliwal :
Recent Posts
Some very informative blog posts by Sandeep Paliwal :
ColdFusion Builder makes working with components really easy. It understands the component resolution technique and generates the fully qualified name of the components, in compliance with server. The fully qualified names of the component are available in multiple places in ColdFusion Builder:
ColdFusion Builder also resolves the components in a given page by checking the component that can be resolved with available details in the project and the server.
ColdFusion Builder searches the source/location of component in the following order of priority:
Note: ColdFusion Builder reads the mapping from the server only if RDS details are provided for the server. Project should be associated with server to see the qualified names of the component in the mapping location.
Note: Project should be associated with the server to see the qualified name of component from webroot.
Note: When you create a linked folder with ColdFusion Builder using the Project Wizard or Project Property preferences, check the option Use Link folder name. If you use Eclipse, the option is checked by default.
If the option is checked, component qualified name is generated by prefixing the name of the linked folder of the components inside the linked folder.
For example, C:\MyCFCs\folder1\sample.cfc where MyCFCs is the name of linked folder is resolved as mycfcs.folder1.sample.
Note: ColdFusion Builder reads the custom tag location from server only if RDS details are provided for the server. Project should be associated with server to see the qualified names of the component in the custom tag location.
ColdFusion Builder creates qualified names of the components from different location as discussed in the previous section. You have the option to create qualified names when you launch ColdFusion Builder. Locate the option from Preferences > Startup > Build CFC in project, at start-up.
Note: Uncheck this option if you don't want ColdFusion Builder to create qualified names for you.
Now use this information when you build application that deals with hundreds of components and let ColdFusion Builder, not you, worry about your CFCs.
– SQL editor now has the tab for executing a query. Currently, you can execute only a 'select' statement in the SQL editor and it fetches all records at once.
– Code assist has been added for Select, Insert, Update and Delete statements .
– More intelligence have been added to SQL code assist to ensure that code assist for appropriate tables and columns are displayed only at relevant places while typing.
Do let us know if you like what you see in SQL code assist and also what enhancements you would like to see in future releases.
Beta3 build of CFBuilder has some handy datasource specific code assist:
– As the 'datasource' attribute of tag is no longer mandatory, if this.datasource is specified in Application.cfc, CFBuilder intelligently picks that up and shows appropriate assist for tables and columns
– this.datasource in Application.cfc shows the available datasources
– <cfdbinfo> tag also shows code assist on tables and columns wherever applicable based on the datasource specified
Please note that CF server needs to be associated with your project in order to get datasource specific code assist.
Code assist now has a brand new addition under its umbrella – ORM code assist! Do try your hands on them and let us know your feedback.
Couple of ORM specific code assist that CFBuilder provides:
– for This.ormsettings in Application.cfc
– for entity names in entityLoad(), entityNew() and entityFindByPK() functions and method names for variables created in relevant cases
– for methods and properties returned by entityLoad(), entityNew() and entityFindByPK() functions
– for attributes table, discriminatorcolumn and joincolumn of cfcomponent tag
– if entity name is not speficied for ORM cfc, it is considered to be same as cfc name
– for code hyperlinks for entity names and methods
– for attributes of cfproperty – name, fieldtype, linktable, fkcolumn, inversejoincolumn, cfc, column, structkeycolumn and elementcolumn
Open SQL Editor:
You can right-click in the CFML editor, and select SQL Editor.
Or, you can use the keyboard shortcut Ctrl+Alt+S (Windows) or Command_Alt+S (Mac OS).
Using SQL Editor to write and edit SQL statements:
In the SQL Editor, select a server from the Server drop-down list and a database from the Datasources drop-down list.
Enter the SQL statement and click OK. The SQL statement is inserted in the CFML editor at the current caret position.
You can also copy SQL code blocks from the SQL Editor directly into the CFML editor by selecting the code block and pressing Shift+Enter.
To edit a SQL code block in the CFML editor, select the code block, right-click, and select SQL Editor. The selected code block appears in the SQL Editor.
Code Assist for SQL statements:
Code Assist is available only for database table names and field names in the SQL statement.
For code hints to appear, begin entering the SQL statement in the SQL editor, and press Ctrl+<Space> to display the database table names or field names.
Navigate through the list of table names or field names using the Up Arrow and Down Arrow keys.
Select a table name or field name and press Enter. The selected table or field is added to the SQL statement.
This is the key area we are trying to focus on for our next release. We had done considerable work on performance improvements for the previous Beta. But, we do understand that there is scope of improvement. We have gathered a mixed feedback from various forums, surveys, interaction in conferences, bugs reported etc, whereby we found that some users see the improvements whereas some still face serious issues with performance. For example, many of you reported issues with editor once you upgraded to Snow Leopard. There are many editor issues discussed like the ones on Snow Leopard, editing being slow even with small files, huge startup time, CFB becoming unusable, unstable build, system slowing down on using CFB etc, the repro cases for which are not straightforward. We do not hit upon them when we try out the reported cases here. The issues users face could be due to various reasons like improper installation, jvm.config tuning, server settings collection, system environment etc. So, we need more help and specific inputs from you in order to know what exactly is going wrong when user is trying to do a particular operation in CFB.
If you have been facing any of the issues mentioned above or something even remotely similar to them, please take the stack trace using the handy tool at
All you need to do is to select the CFBuilder process id from the current list of processes and get the thread dump.
The tool is free if you use Java Web Start to download it. And works on MAC, Linux & Windows.
I urge each one of you who are facing or have already reported any of these issues to please use the tool and send us the thread dump as soon as you hit upon them. You can email it to me directly at email@example.com with a crisp description of the issue. Users on Snow Leopard who have reported that they find CFB unstable on this platform, please send us the details as and when you face them using this tool. This will help us to resolve your painpoints.
For free evaluation license, Go to Help->License, pick up the System Id from there. Then register yourself and provide the System ID. You will get an evaluation license with expiry date through email.
With this release we give you a brand new SQL editor which is integrated into the CFML editor. The SQL Editor supports code assist and code colorization for the following types of SQL statements:
Also, note that for SQL statements within the cfquery tag, code assist is available in the CFML editor itself. You need not open the SQL Editor for code completion hints. In order to get code assist in the main editor or the SQL editor, you must have a server configured, running and associated with your project in ColdFusion Builder. The SQL editor does not support offline databases. I shall write more about the type of SQL code assist available in subsequent posts.
Did you know that you can colorize your SQL inside <cfquery> now? You can colorize SQL keywords, comments, and text within the cfquery tag. And yes, you can set your SQL colorization preferences through Window->Preferences->ColdFusion->Editor Profiles->Editor->Colors->Tokens->SQL. Hope this helps in resolving the issue of SQL code not standing out in your CFML code.


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GENEALOGY-DNA-L ArchivesArchiver > GENEALOGY-DNA > 2007-04 > 1176124331
Subject: Re: [DNA] Autosomal Markers Panel 1
Date: Mon, 9 Apr 2007 09:12:11 EDT
In a message dated 4/7/2007 9:31:16 AM Pacific Daylight Time,
> Sue,
> Thank you for sending me your results. I started typing them in and I
> realized the numbers looked familiar!! I checked with my own markers and
> we have the same values on 13 out of 30 markers (43.3%). This is just as
> good of a match with myself as I have with my paternal uncle (43.3%)!
> Ok, what is going on here? Are these autosomal results crazy or what?
> I'm at a loss now, what to think. Ann, sorry, help please (have I goofed
> somehow).
I verified your count. This degree of matching still seems strange to me, but
it's a good object lesson. It also highlights the difficulties that could
arise with "familial matching" of markers in the CODIS databases, and it explains
the reason that some adoption registries won't report potential sibling
matches. There's definitely a chance of false positives.
Ann Turner
See what's free at
This thread:
|Re: [DNA] Autosomal Markers Panel 1 by


text:
Subject: [htdig] problem with indexing files
From: Sanaa El moutea (firstname.lastname@example.com)
Date: Fri Sep 15 2000 - 12:48:00 PDT
(I use htdig under windows)
I put index.html and search.html in "c:\Program Files\Apache\htdocs" . When i type http://10.10.10.177/search.html , the results are all about apache documentss ( in Apache\htdocs).
When i put a file ( http://www.yahoo.fr ) in htdocs and run rundig, i get the message :
Rejected: URL not in the limits!
url rejected: (level 1)http://www.yahoo.com/Computers_and_Internet/Security_and_...
thanks for help
This archive was generated by hypermail 2b28 : Fri Sep 15 2000 - 12:48:11 PDT


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Taking her hairdo to the next level, Jessica Simpson decided to go totally platinum during her recent visit to the hair salon.
The "With You" singer headed over to Rita Hazan's beauty shop to undergo a dazzling dye job and she posted the results on Instagram.
Stepping out for a family affair, Jessica Simpson and her sister Ashlee Simpson teamed up for the Los Angeles premiere of "The Hunger Games: Mockingjay Part 1" last night (November 17).
Joined by her handsome hubby Eric Johnson, the "Come on Over" songstress showed some serious leg as she flirted with the shutterbugs outside the Nokia Theatre LA Live.
She's the ultimate girly-girl and it seems Jessica Simpson has created a mini-me in her 2-year-old daughter Maxwell Drew Johnson.
The "With You" songstress posted a photo via Instagram of her little one wearing some of her mom's makeup.
They've always worked well together and on Saturday (October 11) Jessica Simpson got a serious boost of support from her sister Ashlee Simpson.
The "Come On Over" songstress launched her new Jessica Simpson Collection at an in-store event at Dillard's Perimeter Mall in Atlanta, Georgia while Ashlee and her new hubby Evan Ross hammed it up for the cameras.
They certainly have a unique family, and Jessica Simpson isn't afraid to parade her panties on husband Eric Johnson's face.
On Monday (October 6) the "With You" singer uploaded a snapshot of herself and her handsome hubby at sister Ashlee Simpson's 30th birthday party and it appears Johnson had to improvise a mask at the last minute.
Taking a break from their SoCal surroundings, Jessica Simpson and Eric Johnson stepped out in New York City on Tuesday afternoon (September 30).
The loved-up newlyweds walked hand-in-hand past a smattering of shutterbugs as they enjoyed a leisurely stroll around the Big Apple.
Her life has been filled with crazy cool experiences, but Jessica Simpson says that getting hitched to Eric Johnson has been the most defining transition for her.
The "With You" singer chatted with Access Hollywood about the past few years' changes given her marriage and the birth of her two children.
She has two darling kiddos, but Jessica Simpson isn't looking to expand her family any more.
While chatting with Ryan Seacrest on his KISS FM radio show, the "Dukes of Hazzard" babe revealed that she and hubby Eric Johnson are wrapping up their family planning.


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The foreign affairs adviser of Iranian spiritual guide Ayatollah Ali Khameini arrived in Damascus on Monday to congratulate President Bashar Assad, who was sworn in as Syria's president last week, Iranian diplomats said.
Ali Akbar Velayati will give Assad "the congratulations of the Leader of the Revolution Ali Khameini, the government and the Iranian people."
He will also travel to Qerdaha in northern Syria to pay his respects at the grave of Hafez Assad, the new president's father, who died last month after 30 years in power.
Velayati, Iran's former foreign minister, will travel Monday night to Lebanon, the diplomats said - DAMASCUS (AFP)
© 2000 Al Bawaba (www.albawaba.com [1])
[1] http://www.albawaba.com


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Ladies Shapewear Guide
Our ladies shapewear guide will help you understand why so many women own as many corsets as they do bras.
Perfect For The Confident Femme Fatale
No ladies lingerie drawer is complete without at least one divine corset or piece of shapewear.
Whether you choice will be on the romantic vintage side or all out sexy animal print, a corset adds a touch of feminine flair to any lingerie collection.


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Group A Streptococcal Infections (cont.)
In this Article
How common is invasive group A streptococcal disease?
About 9,400 cases of invasive GAS disease occurred in the United States in 1999. Of these, about 300 were STSS and 600 were necrotizing fasciitis. In contrast, there are several million cases of strep throat and impetigo each year.
Why does invasive group A streptococcal disease occur?
Invasive GAS infections occur when the bacteria get past the defenses of the person who is infected. This may occur when a person has sores or other breaks in the skin that allow the bacteria to get into the tissue, or when the person's ability to fight off the infection is decreased because of chronic illness or an illness that affects the immune system. Also, some virulent strains of GAS are more likely to cause severe disease than others.
Who is most at risk of getting invasive group A streptococcal disease?
Few people who come in contact with GAS will develop invasive GAS disease. Most people will have a throat or skin infection, and some may have no symptoms at all. Although healthy people can get invasive GAS disease, people with chronic illnesses like cancer, diabetes, and kidney dialysis, and those who use medications such as steroids have a higher risk.
What are the early signs and symptoms of necrotizing fasciitis and streptococcal toxic shock syndrome?
Early signs and symptoms of necrotizing fasciitis;
Early signs and symptoms of STSS;


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Cream Cheese-the 'Element' for Easy Cheesecake. This is a simple recipe that looks delicious!
Sturdy cream cheese is the star of Easy Cheesecake Pie - Elements - The Buffalo News
Current Status: Blessed (1)
Seeded on Wed Dec 21, 2011 4:53 AM
keyboard shortcuts: V vote up article J next comment K previous comment


text: Kris, If it happens is there a way to shut it off without logging out? Also, I can't seem to get RC to stop sending my monitor into sleep mode, which is annoying when watching videos. On Wed, Jun 23, 2010 at 9:08 AM, Kris Moore <kris at pcbsd.org> wrote: > On 06/21/2010 17:19, WI SynOil wrote: > > I've had it happen several times, a tab in FF will crash that's playing > audio. However the audio keeps playing even after FF has been shut down. A > logout / login works to fix this. They were flash streams (youtube). > > Not sure if this is a PCBSD issue, FF issue or maybe Flash issue. > > > > Its a flash issue, been happening for a while now. Every so often flash > will crash, but audio will keep on going. Since its a closed-source linux > plugin we are unable to debug it properly and are at the mercy of adobe :( > > -- > Kris Moore > PC-BSD Software > iXsystems > > > _______________________________________________ > Testing mailing list > Testing at lists.pcbsd.org > http://lists.pcbsd.org/mailman/listinfo/testing > > -- Andy White Owner AeroCleanse, LLC Mobile Detailing Service Authorized Dealer for 1Z-einszett, System 51, HD Car Care, Sonus and Ultima 920-215-1414 -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: <http://lists.pcbsd.org/pipermail/testing/attachments/20100623/fb2223d7/attachment.html>