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By Larry O'Dell, Associated Press Writer
RICHMOND, Va. Virginia's highest court ruled Friday that the state must enforce a Vermont court order awarding child-visitation rights to a mother's former lesbian partner.
The Virginia Supreme Court rejected Lisa Miller's claim that a lower court improperly ignored a Virginia law and a state constitutional amendment that prohibit same-sex unions and the recognition of such arrangements from other states.
The ruling was a victory for Janet Jenkins, who has been fighting for visitation rights since the dissolution of the civil union she and Miller obtained in Vermont in 2000. In 2002, Miller gave birth to the daughter, Isabella, who now is at the center of a legal battle closely watched by national conservative and gay rights groups.
Miller renounced homosexuality and moved back to Virginia with the child after the couple split, and she has fought Jenkins' visitation efforts. However, the Supreme Court ruled that a federal law aimed at preventing parents from crossing state lines to evade a custody ruling requires Virginia to enforce Vermont's order.
"I'm relieved that this tug-of-war with my daughter is over," Jenkins said in a statement released by the gay-rights group Lambda Legal. "This has been a very long four years. My daughter and I need some time to be together. She needs her other mom."
Miller's attorney, Mathew Staver, said his client "has not lost her courage or her resolve" and will pursue other legal options. Staver, founder of Liberty Counsel and dean of the law school at the late Rev. Jerry Falwell's Liberty University, said he hopes to raise the issue of Virginia's constitutional amendment banning same-sex unions in a new proceeding.
Jenkins' attorney, Joseph R. Price, said the decision "is fully consistent with Virginia, Vermont and federal law" on child custody and visitation matters.
"More important, the decision means that Isabella will have the support of both her parents as she grows up and that gay and lesbian parents can expect that they will be treated just like any other parents in a custody dispute, regardless of their sexual orientation," he said.
The Virginia Court of Appeals twice ruled in favor of Jenkins. Miller's attorneys missed a deadline for appealing the first ruling to the Virginia Supreme Court, so they filed a second appeal on different grounds. The appellate court ruled that the second case raised no new issues, and the Supreme Court agreed. In 2006, the Vermont Supreme Court also ruled in favor of Jenkins.
Miller's supporters were encouraged a brief concurring opinion written by Virginia Chief Justice Leroy R. Hassell Jr., who said he disagreed with the appeals court's first decision but agreed the justices could not consider the merits because the appeal was filed late.
"I see that as a red flag practically begging the attorneys to go back and file again because the issues at question were not considered," said Matt Barber, policy director for cultural issues for the conservative Concerned Women for America. "It's a temporary setback, but it's not over."
Copyright 2008 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.


text:
Given a sample code:
1 class Test {
2 void printTest() {
3 System.out.println("superclass");
4 class Sample1 extends Test {
5 Sample1() {
6 super.printTest();
7 public static void main(String args[]) {
8 new Sample1();
What will be the result of above code ?
(1) Compilation fails because of an error on line 6
(2) Compilation fails because of an error on line 8
(3) Compilation fails because of an error on line 3
(4) Compile and run successfully with no error
It has no issue with the code. It will display the output on console.
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
Mexico City's Coyoacán district—of Frida fame—has a brand-new cantina. Co-owned by Y Tu Mamá También star Diego Luna, La Bipolar (155 Malitzin, Coyoacán; 52-55/5484-8230; dinner for two $30) serves upgraded classics (rib-eye tacos, marlin tostaditas) by Lula Martin del Campo, known for her menus for the Hotel Habita. Inside, the hip design enlists circular butcher blocks as stools and tables, and tinas (aluminum laundry baskets) as lamp shades. Cult-chic Mexican fashion heroes NaCo are developing weekly after-hours fiestas; expect a cool but casual crowd and a welcome lack of the are-you-on-the-list 'tude endemic to Mexico City hot spots.
Mexico D.F.'s Star-Owned Hotel
More from T+L


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Questions for Trophy of Grace
Hello ladies, my name is Lisa aka Trophy of Grace. I am 32 years old. I am the mother of 7. I have 5 biological children and 2 step children. I have been with my husband for 11 years. In my teenage years I was really ŌĆ£off the chainŌĆØ. I was constantly running away from home. Clubbing, party, drinking, drugging, and fighting was my way of life. I was affiliated with gangs. My lifestyle of rebellion and selfishness led me to jail several times and eventually to prison. I know what itŌĆÖs like to feel lonely and different from the other girls. I felt like I could not relate to the girls my age so I hung out with the guys. I needed someone back then to lead me to the ONE who could help me. Today I am not that lonely, confused, know it all little girl. I am GodŌĆÖs trophy of grace because it is truly by His grace that I am even alive today. I realize that it was during my teenage years that the world tried to consume and destroy me with its negative influence and drama. Today I am led by Wisdom and Love and I want to share that with you.
Feel free to message┬Āme┬Āwith any questions or concerns that you may have. I am here to serve you.
Trophy of Grace is on duty Monday's and Thursday's. Scroll down and post your┬Āquestions or situation in the ŌĆśleave comment boxŌĆÖ below.┬ĀTrophy of Grace┬Āwill post a comment back here within 48 hours. Your question and answer may be featured on the home page.
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text: IRVINE, Calif., Aug. 29, 2012 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Universal Bioenergy Inc., (OTCMarkets:UBRG), a publicly traded independent diversified energy company, that markets natural gas, propane, and produces petroleum and coal, announced today that it is aggressively gearing up for another major expansion for the company through more joint ventures, energy contracts and acquisitions. The Company's acquisition team has been in discussions for several months with several strategic target energy companies to acquire. The Company is in advanced negotiations with a major multi-billion dollar energy company for a long-term contract to supply them with natural gas. Advanced negotiations are ongoing for a joint venture with another billion dollar energy company to assist them in supplying its customers with natural gas in specific geographical regions throughout the U.S. Universal's Senior Vice President Solomon Ali states, "We feel we can achieve our goal to build a billion dollar diversified energy company in terms of sales and/or market cap. We believe we have a blueprint for success, and are very excited about our plans for growth and expansion to complete that objective. We have been working on some major transactions, that we feel should have a strong, positive impact on the Company's future, growth and stock price. Some of these transactions should close very shortly. Our acquisitions team has been reviewing a number of energy companies, and has targeted several that we anticipate should significantly increase the company's revenues and help accelerate our drive toward profitability, if the acquisitions are successful. As the Company continues to grow, we have had a greater interest in more companies wanting to joint venture with us, and some have expressed an interest in some international business ventures. The Company will be providing details to the public on these transactions very soon. We feel this should bring more value to our loyal shareholders and the investment community."


text:
Your cart is empty!
Industrial and commercial lighting at wholesale prices
Maxim Lighting's energy efficiency commitment to both the residential lighting and the home building industries will assure you a product line focused on your basic lighting needs. With the Side Door EE collection you not only will find quality lighting that is well designed, well priced and readily available, but also energy efficient featuring energy saving fluorescent lighting that saves money and allow for low maintenance.
Product Reviews


text:
At festivals these days, brand logos loom large over the stages, traders flog inflatable gadgets plastered in advertising. Even the beer glasses have industry names stamped across them.
Recently, Glastonbury, long known as the leading non-corporate festival and as a green, charity-embracing event, caved in to the pressure of the festival business, its no-logo ethos having been shattered by the presence of its sponsors; the Guardian, Emap, Budweiser and Orange phones.
Advertising blitz
Escaping the adverts is made even harder by corporate sponsors insisting on having festivals named after them.
At the forefront of this trend is the V, backed by Virgin Mobile whose logo is plastered across big screens, urging 130,000 festival goers to "text the fest", eating into their pockets in the process.
Reading and Leeds festivals have been re-dubbed the Carling Weekend festival.
On the south coast, there is the Nokia Isle of Wight Festival.
And if you thought Scotland's T in the park referred to a hot cuppa, think again: the T stands for an entirely different brew; Tennants.
'Get them early'
For advertisers, it has become vital to make their presence felt at festivals.
Their careful targeting of festival goers, a difficult to reach sector of the population, is part of a strategy to 'catch'em young'.
"Young people are notoriously hard to get hold of," says Graham Hales executive director of consultants Interbrand.
"So if you sponsor an event with a huge population they're going to be subsumed within the proximity of that event."
Virgin itself admits to launching its now annual festivals "very much as an opportunistic thing" to promote Virgin Cola.
"If you start from scratch, its worth a lot more than putting a brand onto it at a later date," says Virgin Mobile's brand director, James Kidd.
Virgin Mobile is selling a lifestyle and an image.
"Its very much experiential marketing," says Mr Kidd.
"It's more of a benefit if young people go along and enjoy the event than they come away knowing we're selling phones at £14.99.
"It's about brand image, this is the sort of thing we want our values associated with."
For Carling, the Reading and Leeds Weekend festivals are "very, very simply a brand strategy to recruit young males".
The company wants to attract 25 to 34-year-old men whose main interests are football, music, beer and women.
"There's evidence from the market place that if you recruit people to brands at an early age they'll grow with you, so we're single-mindedly recruiting people to the brand," says Carling brand director at Coors, Des Johnson.
Balancing act
But there's a fine line between sponsorship and keeping the festival audience happy.
Times have changed since the "tune in, turn on and drop out" heyday of festivals in the 60s and 70s.
Woodstock - one of the original "free" fests in 1969 - was marred by riots when it returned 30 years later as security broke down.
Some blamed the music for inciting violence while many other said corporate greed had pushed people over the edge.
But festivals can be a way to avoid the "commercial parasite" tag, Interbrand's Mr Hales says.
"You get a close association with people over two to three day experience having a very good time and saying so - it's not seen as an overly corporate thing as its not grown up and it's a good, easy time.
"The audience had a good time when they're there and they'll have that brand in mind from the experience," he says.
Companies also have to be careful not to become just part of the scenery, Interbrand's Mr Hales warns.
"Big brands have to work hard for exposure and not to be lost in the snowstorm."
He cites Nike as a good example of how it can be done well - with its sponsorship of golf star Tiger Woods providing top-end, high cost advertising; while its amateur 10k fun run in the UK retains its credibility as a brand for anyone.
Sponsorship means sales
Carling's Mr Johnson adds that being part of a live festival means the brand is part of a key event in someone's life, which allows you to share your war stories of muddy fields and undiscovered bands afterwards.
"Next time you look and see Carling in a pub its positive association as part of pivotal moments in people's lives," he adds.
That exposure does equate to sales, the experts argue.
"There's no doubt that the links and associated PR means we get a spike in awareness that's the equivalent of a TV campaign," Mr Kidd says.
"People are more predisposed to Virgin Mobile if they've been to the festival - we have 80% recognition from people who've been there."
Carling's Mr Johnson agrees.
While he cannot give specific figures on how much that feeds through to sales, he does say that sales have risen year-on-year with the pace accelerating over the last few years.
"After the Carling Reading and Leeds Weekend, without doubt there's a spike in awareness, and over time we've developed a spontaneous association with live music - people questioned say Carling more than MTV now.


text:
Latest question:
How do you think the new GigE standards will influence the machine vision industry?
Respond or ask your question now!
About SPIE
SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering is a not-for-profit professional society that has become the largest international force for the exchange, collection and dissemination of knowledge in optics, photonics and imaging. Founded in 1955, SPIE organizes technical conferences around the world and publishes journals, books and proceedings, with technical papers available for download via the SPIE Digital Library. See http://spie.org/ for more details.
MEDIA CONTACTS: Peter Hallett 206-280-7475 Email Contact Stacey Crockett 360-676-3290 Email Contact
<<Market Wire -- 04/17/06>>


text:
Can you tell if my boars like me ?(3 Posts)
Ratatouille1977 Fri 04-Oct-13 12:53:41
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70isaLimitNotaTarget Fri 04-Oct-13 18:07:54
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text:
Would you like to save as your currency permanently or for this visit only?
The pictures look good and the property itself seems nice. The location isn't near anything aside from akaka falls. The room we stayed in was dirty and bug infested. There were ants crawling all over the place, dead bugs in and under the couch, and Spiders in the bed. The room was really hot and had no air conditioning. I have never left a room before, but after getting all sorts of bug bites decided it was better to just leave at 12 am. I do not recommend staying here.
The room was large and clean, and the view of ocean was nice. The bed has bedbugs. My companion was badly bitten. The hotel is about 20 miles from downtown Hilo. There is no restaurants or grocery store in the vicinity. The arrangement of facilities in the room suggests that the owner has no idea what would be practical for travelers. For example, the TV faces a room divider. There is no place to sit and watch TV. The tub has no water spigot so that you cannot take a bath, wash your feet or your gear. The bed seems to be designed for 7' tall person to get into. The room has a very small and high table, with accompanying high chairs. The furnishings are very spartan. We had to put most things on the floor. We arrived at the hotel late in the evening. The manager left the keys in the unlocked room for us. During our 2-nights stay we never saw a single person who works for the hotel.
It looked to be a wonderful facility based on the online reviews. Because was needed to cancel our honeymoon due to a medical emergency, we were unable to visit the hotel, and further elaborate. When faced with impossibly tough circumstances, human decency usually triumphs. But, the Palms Cliff house took 100% our money and offered us no compassion when we faced our toughest times. It was the night before our wedding. A typically joyous time. We notified the Palms Cliff House 7 days in advance that we needed to cancel our honeymoon. My wife's grandfather was undergoing emergency surgery and had a 50/50 chance of survival. We provided official medical documentation to both hotels.com and Palms Cliff House. We acknowledged that their standard rate is non-refundable and asked if they could help us out. We had already paid $450 for our stay. Could they help us apply that credit towards our rescheduled honeymoon in a few weeks? Every other hotel, airline, and rental facility that we worked with on the Big Island was amazingly compassionate. As if the trauma of canceling your honeymoon on the evening of your wedding wasn't bad enough, Palms Cliff House would not budge an inch. They insisted, after multiple phone calls to both Hotels.com and Palms Cliff House management, they would not offer us ANY sympathy. First they blamed Hotels.com and said that we needed to call them and work with them. Hotels.com insists that the managers of the Palms Cliff House can change their refund or change policy on a case by case basis, and when we called Hotels.com, they would then call Palms Cliff House and be told "nope, no refunds for them". When I finally got ahold of the Palms Cliff House management I found no sympathy or customer service. Changing the dates for our stay? Allowing us to use the amount we had pre-paid towards a future date? A partial refund, even if only a 10% refund? Nothing. I'm sure it would have been an amazing place to stay. Unless you value compassion and understanding in your hotel stays.
The view of the waves crashing onto the cliffs below was unparalleled. Service was excellent, personal, friendly. A hidden little gem on the Hilo side of the Big Island. Ask for the pineapple turnovers at breakfast :). Highly recommended.


text:
Fast, secure file sharing customized for your accounting firm.
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Accountants were among our first customers, and we've continued to design ShareFile with your needs in mind. That may explain how we've earned some of our accolades (The Sleeter Group's Awesome QuickBooks Add-On Winner and a CPA Practice Advisor Readers' Choice Award, among others) and why more than 17,000 accounting firms trust ShareFile.
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text:
The Australian Financial Review reported on Friday that Automotive was in discussion to buy prestige car dealership, Trivett Automotive Group.
"AHG confirms that it is in preliminary negotiations with a number of automotive groups within Australia," the company said in a statement on Friday.
"It further confirms that no agreement has been reached in relation to any of these negotiations and no documents have been executed.
"No assurance can be given that any transaction will be entered into in relation to any of these automotive groups."
Automotive Holdings Group shares were up 5¢, or 2.29 per cent, at $2.23 by 10.57am Sydney time.


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Mook been around for a minute & he has barz but Drizzy is very lyrical on the mic. I don't know about Drake's battling ability. Honestly though I saw Murda Mook get mashed by the boxer Adrien Broner in a rap battle.
After seeing Joe Budden and AB-Soul battle I would have to go with Mook. They both had bars, but they're delivery was poor. Drake can't beat Mook's experience.
Tell that ho battle Kendrick. How he gonna turn down Kendrick and Common and challenge Mook. Either way he's taking an L.
Trent, ever hear of proof reading? #TerriblePost


text:
Moy Yat Ving Tsun (Cherry Hill NJ)
Weekly Event - Every Saturday: 1:00 PM to 2:00 PM (EDT)
Event Details
Ving Tsun Kung Fu is a southern Shaolin martial art emphasizing in-close combat, the application of sound principles, and training attributes and skills over technique. The legend of Ving Tsun states that it was founded roughly 400 years ago by a female Shaolin monk named Ng Mui after she observed a snake and a crane engaged in combat. She first taught this new system to a young girl named Yim Ving Tsun, and so named the system after her.
In modern times Ving Tsun was made famous by Grand Master Yip Man and his most famous student the late Bruce Lee. Master Lee later went on to develop his own style called Jeet Kune Do; which was heavily influenced by Ving Tsun.
In application Ving Tsun is very aggressive utilizing continuous hand strikes and low kicks. The Ving Tsun practitioner utilizes tactile sensitivity to read his opponents energy and quickly respond to any threat in the most efficient manner possible. The ability to do this is developed through an exercise called Chi-Sao, which is unique to Ving Tsun and is the core of Ving Tsun training.
Ving Tsun does not require more than average strength and can be practiced well into ones later years. It develops relaxation, coordination, balance, timing, and sensitivity. With Ving Tsun training we realize that skilled technique based on sound principles can conquer brute strength.
We have a unique approach to training, there are no belts or sashes, our structure is more like a family. We are located at 916 Township Lane in Cherry Hill NJ. If you decide to train with us you will become a member of a group of people who are dedicated to ongoing mental, physical, and spiritual development by training in the Ving Tsun Kung Fu system. It is a life long journey where the trip is more important than the destination. We are about Kung Fu family and Kung Fu life. Join us, find your center, learn Ving Tsun Kung Fu.
Moy Yat Ving Tsun Kung Fu
916 Township Lane
Cherry Hill,
Weekly Event - Every Saturday: 1:00 PM to 2:00 PM (EDT)
Add to my calendar
Moy Yat Ving Tsun (Cherry Hill NJ)
Teaching authentic Ving Tsun Kung Fu in Southern New Jersey


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Each month, Rated People connects over 50,000 homeowners with quality tradesmen - simply enter your job details in the form above to get started.
We'll match your job to the relevant tradesmen in your area - those interested will pay to see your contact details and call you to quote.
As each tradesman expresses interest in quoting on your job, we'll send you their profile and ratings to help you choose the right one for you.
After the work is complete, return to the site and rate your tradesman based on their quality of work, reliability and value for money.
Added 11/05/2015
Washing floors. Hoovering. Dusting. Washing down.
Searching for tradespeople
Added 21/04/2015
We would like someone to come and do a weekly general house clean term time only for a couple...
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Added 16/11/2014
*PRIORITY LEAD* Changed information:description, budget Wanting a reliable,trustworthy,reasonably...
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Added 25/06/2014
We have a large conservatory across the back of the house. We need the roof, construction,...
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Added 26/09/2013
General house cleaning dusting hoovering mop kitchen and bathroom
Searching for tradespeople
Managing your job is easier with the Rated People Homes App, download it today.


text:
US Secretary of State John Kerry will visit allies in London, Berlin, Paris and Rome before heading to the Middle East and North Africa in his first international trip as the top US diplomat, the State Department said Tuesday, DPA reported.
The trip Sunday through March 6 will see Kerry meet with British officials before heading to Germany, where he is to hold bilateral meetings with Chancellor Angela Merkel and Foreign Minister Guido Westerwelle, according to German officials.
"He'll also have a chance in Berlin to exchange views with German young people on the state of European-American relations. And his visit to Berlin will also be an opportunity for him to reconnect with a city in which he lived as a child," State Department spokeswoman Victoria Nuland said.
Kerry will then travel to Paris for talks on international efforts in Mali. In Rome and Ankara his plans include multilateral talks on Syria.
Kerry will also visit Cairo to "encourage greater political consensus and moving forward on economic reforms" as well as meet with Arab League Secretary General Nabil Al-Araby.
The trip will wrap up with visits to Riyadh, Abu Dhabi and Doha for talks with leaders on regional issues in the Middle East as well as a ministerial meeting of the Gulf Cooperation Council in Saudi Arabia.


text:
School lockdowns lifted
COLUMBUS, Ohio (WTVN) --A lockdown that affected a number of Columbus City Schools Monday morning has been lifted.
The lockdowns were a precaution as police searched the area for an armed robber.
Operations are back to normal at St. James The Less Catholic School on Oakland Park Ave. as well as Medina, Huy, Linden Stem and Oakland Park schools in the Columbus City Schools District.


text:
Tub Closure Lift And Turn
WATCO| Zoro #: G1519822| Mfr #: 58301-CP
Zoro #: G1519822Mfr. Part #: 58301-CP
$20.79 /ea
Orders over $50.00 ship free. DetailsStandard ground shipping
Technical Specifications
|Zoro #: G1519822 Mfr #: 58301-CP
|Color/Finish: Chrome
|Includes: Stopper, Strainer Body
|Item: Tub Closer
|Type: Lift and Turn Tub Closure
|Material of Construction: Chrome Plated Brass
|Length (In.): 1.25
|Drain Material: Chrome-Plated Brass
|Country of Origin (subject to change): Multiple
Product Description
Tub Closer, Lift and Turn Tub Closure, Material of Construction Chrome Plated Brass , Color/Finish Chrome, Length (In.) 1.25, Drain Material Chrome-Plated Brass, Connection 1 3/8-16 Fine Thread, Includes Stopper, Strainer Body
Restrictions and Compliance
- *1 : California Proposition 65 : This product contains a chemical known to the State of California to cause birth defects or other reproductive harm.
- *2 : California Proposition 65 : This product contains a chemical known to the State of California to cause cancer.


text:
Soft Orange Molasses Drops Recipe
Orange juice and peel add a slight citrus twist to ordinary molasses cookies. I've also stirred in some chopped nuts, raisins, prunes and apricots.
- 1/2 cup butter, softened
- 1/2 cup sugar
- 1 egg
- 2-1/2 cups all-purpose flour
- 1 teaspoon baking soda
- 1 teaspoon ground ginger
- 1/2 teaspoon each ground cinnamon, cloves and nutmeg
- 1/2 cup molasses
- 1/4 cup orange juice
- 2 teaspoons grated orange peel
- 1 cup confectioners' sugar
- 1 to 2 tablespoons orange juice
- 1. In a large bowl, cream butter and sugar until light and fluffy. Beat in egg. Combine the flour, baking soda and spices. Combine the molasses, orange juice and peel. Add dry ingredients to the creamed mixture alternately with the molasses mixture, beating well after each addition.
- 2. Drop by tablespoonfuls 2 in. apart onto greased baking sheets. Bake at 375° for 10-12 minutes or until edges are set. Remove to wire racks to cool completely.
- 3. For glaze, combine confectioners' sugar and enough orange juice to achieve desired consistency. Spread over cooled cookies. Yield: 5 dozen.
Nutritional Facts
2 each: 112 calories, 3g fat (2g saturated fat), 15mg cholesterol, 77mg sodium, 19g carbohydrate (11g sugars, 0 fiber), 1g protein.
Reviews for Soft Orange Molasses Drops
Average Rating
Reviewed Dec. 15, 2009
"The cookies are very good. I foound the dough to be sticky when putting in on the cookie sheets and ould recomend chilling it for 20 - 30 min to make it easier scooping. Really good cookies"
© 2017 RDA Enthusiast Brands, LLC


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James Glass Bertram
From SM-201
James Glass Bertram (1824-1892) was a British marine economist and writer.
One of the pioneers of cheap newspapers in Scotland has passed away in the person of Mr. James G. Bertram, a well-known writer. He died in his sixty-eighth year on the 3rd of March at Glasgow. Born in 1824 at Tilmouth, on the Borders, he went in his early youth to Edinburgh and entered the employment of Mr. Wm. Tait, the proprietor of Tait's Magazine, to whom he became confidential clerk. The late Alexander Russel, afterwards editor of the Scotsman, was in Tait's employ at the same time. In the early fifties Mr. Bertram drifted into journalism, and became editor of the North Briton, the first penny paper in Edinburgh. He also started a halfpenny evening print, The Bawbee. It, however, was before its time, and enjoyed only a brief career. Subsequently he joined the staff of the Glasgow News, a Conservative daily, started in 1873. Leaving the News, Mr. Bertram became a general contributor to newspapers and to magazines, such as the Quarterly Review, Blackwood's Magazine, Fraser's Magazine, Chambers's Journal, especially on questions connected with the fisheries, agriculture, and sport. He wrote also a number of books, including a three-volume novel, entitled 'The stolen Heir.' His 'Harvest of the Sea' has passed through several editions. Among his other works were 'Glimpses of Real Life, Theatrical and Bohemian,' 'The Outdoor Sports of Scotland,' a collection of 'Sporting anecdotes.' and a series of cookery manuals, edited by him as "Jenny Wren." He likewise compiled for the late John Camden Hotten a 'History of the Rod' under the pseudonym of the "Rev. W. H. Cooper.' At one time Mr. Bertram was on the stage, but did not find his true vocation behind the footlights. He was buried on Monday last in the Dean Cemetery, Edinburgh.
– Obituary from The Athenæum, 12th March 1892
Born in Tillsmouth in 1824, James Glass Bertram was apprenticed in 1837 at the age of thirteen to Mr William Tait, proprietor of Tait's Edinburgh Magazine and rose to be his managing clerk and cashier before he was 21. He then joined a company of strolling players. Finding that he could not make a living by the stage, he returned to Edinburgh and set up as a bookseller and newsagent. In 1855 he was appointed the editor of the North Briton, it appeared twice weekly. Mr Bertram, who had latterly become the owner as well as the editor of the paper, had to sell it in 1872, though he remained the editor for a further year. He then moved to Glasgow to assist in the establishment of the Glasgow News in the conservative interest. During this period he wrote a three-volume novel called The Stolen Heir, a pantomime and a work on the fisheries, called Harvest of the Sea which went through several editions. After leaving the Glasgow News in 1874 he supported himself by freelance journalism. He died on 3 March 1892.
– Edin Dir; James Bertram. Some memories of books and events. Westminster, 1893
James Glass Bertram wrote several books that were published by John Camden Hotten. Among these are two of particular interest:
- The Merry Order of St. Bridget — Personal recollections of the use of the rod
- Published in 1857 under the pseudonym "Margaret Anson", this is one of the most famous works of Victorian flagellatory fiction.
- Flagellation and the Flagellants — A History of the Rod in All Countries from the Earliest Period to the Present Time
- Published in 1870 under the pseudonym "Reverend William M. Cooper", this is a non-fictional, scholarly book.
Jump to: Main Page • Micropedia • Macropedia • Icons • Time Line • History • Life Lessons • Links • Help


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Sony is planning to upgrade the firmware of the PS3 to officially support the new range of 3DTVs, and every PS3 model released to date will be made compatible. The new firmware upgrade itself is only one half of the equation and in itself is not a magic bullet that solves all the rendering problems facing developers. Behind the scenes the system update will be mirrored by a new SDK revision from Sony that should lay the groundwork for developers to use 3D the way the platform holder has in its impressive WipEout HD and GT5 demos. The chances are that these tools have already had a limited release to selected developers: how else could Super Stardust HD from Housemarque already be running in full stereo 3D?
More than that, a firmware update suggests a retooling of the PS3's system software at the very lowest level: the inference being that PS3 as a whole is being upgraded for the migration towards 3DTV. It has already been announced that the PS3 will become compatible with the new range of 3D Blu-ray movies, which means that the console is going to require updating to match the HDMI protocols used by the requisite displays.
Here's where things get interesting. The HDMI 1.4 spec features support for a wide-range of 3D techniques, including some of those supported in Avatar. However, it is not just limited to the choices Ubisoft made; there are two other techniques of real interest here that represent a leap in quality, and that would only be possible with a firmware upgrade.
First up is the notion of 2D plus depth. This is something we've covered before in a previous In Theory piece: by beaming over the standard 2D image in combination with data derived from the console's Z-buffer, it is conceivable that some kind of 3D image could be rendered.
However, the use of the Z-buffer on its own presents several difficulties as you are almost certain to be missing crucial visual information. Let's say you're looking at the edge of a wall. One eye will see only the wall, while the other should see other detail from behind it. Using the Z-buffer alone, you'll never see beyond the edge. Transparencies, or other effects that don't use the Z-buffer won't be rendered in 3D at all. Developers also need to double (or triple) buffer their output, and the Z-buffer doesn't tend to work like that.
So while we expect to have something special cooking from within Sony R&D utilising the new HDMI protocols, 2D plus depth information probably wouldn't cut it, and crucially, the developers would have little control over how the final image would look. Looking at the HDMI spec, it doesn't seem as though many other options are available, but right there is the use of side-by-side rendering in both full and half modes. We've seen the half-mode in both Invincible Tiger and Avatar, but full side-by-side mode is something completely different, and much more exciting. This would have the PS3 working on the principles of a 2160x720 or 1280x1440 resolution - essentially two complete 720p frames working side-by-side, beamed over to the 3DTV at 60Hz, with the frame then split into two and sent to each eye.
This seems like a likely method for adoption within PS3 and it is borne out by the choice of games that Sony has demoed: WipEout HD runs at a minimum of 1280x1080 with its dynamic resolution in 1080p mode. Similarly, both Super Stardust HD and GT5 run natively at 1280x1080. The showcasing of these particular games suggests that there's horsepower left under the bonnet for a larger-than-720p framebuffer. The nature of stereoscopy itself means that the process of creating the discrete views for each eye needn't be too onerous: while two views need to be rendered, the actual differences between the frames are fairly slight thanks to our eyes being so close together: the frame is prepared once, with one command buffer, and then after it's used to generate the first image the buffer is patched with the other eye's projection matrix and it is rendered again. Compute-heavy stuff, such as shadowing, only needs to be generated one time.
In short, you can't expect the new PS3 firmware and SDK to make the challenges of rendering discrete images for each eye completely go away - all the really clever stuff still needs to be done by the developer. However, certain games will be more disposed to being patched to support it and future games can be designed with the capability in mind. Should 3D take off in a meaningful way, the art of its implementation will pose interesting challenges to developers.
"The reverse re-projection surface pixel cache system I used in early Trials HD development builds could really easily support stereoscopic 3D rendering," RedLynx's Sebastian Aaltonen posted on the Beyond 3D Forum. "Stereoscopic views would need only very little extra processing power as the geometry passes are really cheap (they are basically just simple dual projected texture geometry with no light calculation, no shadow calculation etc). Stereoscopic rendering is really a poster child for all pixel reusing techniques."
Even if the full side-by-side mode isn't viable, Avatar's various implementations, based on the use of two lower-resolution images images combined into one conventional framebuffer, will still work too; they just won't have quite the same pristine edge as the full resolution approach.
So, where does this leave the Xbox 360? It's fair to say that Microsoft has shown no sign of supporting the format whatsoever, while Sony obviously has a huge vested interest in the format being a success, factoring in its investment in 3D displays and movies. Whether the HDMI 1.2 output of the Xbox 360 could be patched with any of the full-resolution stereo 3D modes remains to be seen, but it's fair to say you shouldn't be holding your breath. However, certainly in theory, a side-by-side 720p buffer is conceivable, and Avatar 360's advantage in 3D performance over its PS3 counterpart is obvious even without recourse to FPS analysis, suggesting that the horsepower is there too: at the end of the day, there are few unique effects that one console can achieve that the other can't match. The only question really is whether the Xbox 360's HANA chip could be firmware-upgraded to interface with the new displays.
But in the here and now, the ball is firmly in Sony's court and while few people may actually end up investing in the new screens before the advent of the next-generation consoles, the fact that the support is there within the PS3 adds to the kudos of the platform, and gives the sense that the console is evolving in line with trends in cutting-edge consumer electronics. There's a definite momentum towards 3D technology going into 2010, with the success of James Cameron's Avatar propelling the profile of proper, stereoscopic 3D very much into the mainstream. Needless to say, PS3 could play a very important part in that.
The various stigmas associated with 3D are beginning to fall by the wayside. The headache-inducing red/blue anaglyph 3D is already a thing of the past and we can expect the active shutter glasses of the first generation of 3D screens to be replaced in time with a superior polarised experience (similar to the effect seen in the cinema), and this in turn will give way to self-contained 3D displays where no glasses will be required at all. It's going to take a look more work and available media to convince people to upgrade - particularly when the chances are you've only recently bought an HDTV - but the fact is that 3D works, and the results can be extraordinary.
In terms of gameplay, expect to hear - and see - much more at March's GDC...


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The Top 10 Scariest Game Monsters
Pyramid Head
Silent Hill 2
Physical embodiments of repressed self-hate due to angry sex with your wife's corpse are always going to be represented by a monstrous, helmeted, huge knife-wielding unstoppable ex-executioner. And that's because your penis makes you evil. It does. Put it away.
Chainsaw Bagman Guy
Resident Evil 4
One, two Fred… Baggy's coming for you. We argued for a bit that the one with the double chainsaw in the Mercenaries mini-game was scarier, but the first time you see Leon's head being torn asunder in the actual game soiled more pants. (Yes we know he's called Dr Salvador really, but that's not scary.)
ARRGH! Just, ARRGH! It's got 14 legs! ARRGH! Get it off! Get it off! It's eating little Rocos! Those poor little Rocos, swallowed down in the prime of their happy, singing globby wee lives. Owww, that's not fair! What did they ever do to deserve that!? Huh. What do you mean there are even bigger Mojas? Arrgh! ARRGH! Wibble.
Project Zero
The influence of the film Ring (the original, not the pappy remake) can be felt throughout the whole Project Zero series. (Can we call it Fatal Frame, like it is in the US, or does that make it sound like a scary gamer of snooker?) Anyway yeah, ghosts, wooooo, scary. Boo! Ha ha! Made you jump!
A mother's greatest fear is losing her child. Maybe they're in Asda's, say they've turned their back to grab some Frosties for the little one's breakfast but perhaps dallied over getting just cornflakes because of the sugar content in said Frosties, and when they turn back their child has vanished! It's a bit less panicky when Yorda gets grabbed by the Shadows, but it's sort of close.
Sephiroth is eeeeevilll. Love spelt backwards is 'evol', which sounds a bit like 'evil'. Or maybe he's just very, very angry. Whatever, he still burns down villages, unleashes Genova and makes the sun explode after hurling a comet at it. Sure it only takes off 93.8 per cent of your party's health, but it's his evil intention that makes him bloody frightening.
Metal Gear Ray
It's a hunter, designed specifically to track down and destroy the Metal Gear Rex derivatives constructed from leaked information after the Shadow Moses incident. With its scary organic-ish construction and frighteningly powerful water jet to cut through armoured foes, Ray really is one of the scariest robot thingies ever…
In Doom it was a: "Half unfeeling machine, half raging horned devil." In Doom II it was: "A missile-launching skyscraper with goat legs. 'Nuff said." All we know is that whenever this guy appeared we ran away as fast as our 486es would carry us. There's just something deeply primordial about a horned beastie with goat legs. Shudder.
Tomb Raider
"Velociraptors? Oh my! One best shoot them post haste, what. If one skinned them one could have one's sweat-shop workers fashion a fetching clutch-purse… what's that stomping noise? Oh golly gosh! Stop that! Put me down! I am a Lady, don't you know! Oww f**k." Lara – 1996.
Sight-Jacking Shibito
Forbidden Siren
"Cor-blimey guv'nor! Oi can see through their jammy pies." Scary attempts at voice acting aside Forbidden Siren contained some truly chilling moments when an almost mindless Shibito locked on to your character and through the fuzziness of Sight-Jacking you realised they were right behind you. Brrrr.


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A bog filter is an area dedicated for the dense planting of water-loving marginal or bog plants. It is a smaller, supplementary pond usually 10-20% of the size of the main water feature. The bog filter can be located inside or adjacent to the main pond. Whether it is internally or externally located, the bog filter must be connected to the main pond by a water circulation system consisting of plumbing and a pump. As water from the main water feature is fed into the bog filter, plants remove the nutrients and the biologically filtered water is returned to the main pond.
Principle behind bog filtration
What makes bog filters different from conventional pond planting is the manner in which the plants are grown. In bog filters, plants are grown hydroponically in relatively coarse, nutrient-poor substrate (pea gravel). This planting method "trains" the plants to search for nutrients in water rather than in substrate or planting media. Conventional potted pond plants passively remove nutrients from fertilized planting media and rely minimally on pond water for nutrients.
How to install a bog filter
Whether you install an internal or external bog filter, you will need a pump capable of turning over the total volume of pond water 1-2 times an hour. You will also need a water conduit system to transport and diffuse water into the bog filter.
The water diffusing system can be as simple as a spray bar constructed from PVC pipes with small holes drilled into them every 3 inches (Note: To prevent clogs, be sure these drill holes are smaller than the diameter of the pea gravel you intend to use). Using elbows and connectors, the PVC pipes can also be configured into an "H" shape or a grid. Make sure the end is capped or sealed so water flows out of the drill holes. To simplify plumbing, match PVC diameter to pump outlet diameter. Attach the pump to the water diffusing system to supply water from your main pond into the bog filter.
The "construction" of the bog filter now consists of creating a "mini pond" to house the water diffusing system and the plants. Start by designating a level area for the bog filter and construct a retaining wall out of landscaping rocks (this step is done right after liner installation). The area within the wall will become your bog filter. Installing an internal bog filter is most conveniently done during new construction. However, it can also be installed by temporarily draining the pond during spring.
For an external bog filter, locate it adjacent and slightly higher than the main pond. An external bog filter is similar in principle and construction to a waterfall and relies on a gravity return system. An external bog filter can be made using a liner or even a preformed pond.


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Home > National News > Article
Workers earning up to $80,000 a year, especially those in the big cities, are not affluent and deserve income tax relief, says the shadow treasurer, Mark Latham.
Signalling a major shift in Labor's policy pitch at the next election, he told the Herald his overhaul of tax policy would reward the effort of those in well-paid jobs as it eased the burden for low-income families.
This strategy is a departure from Labor's traditional approach of tax breaks for low- to middle-income earners.
It also signals an aggressive push to woo back so-called aspirational voters in outer suburban seats who have deserted Labor for the Coalition.
ALP strategists acknowledge that the party's biggest headache has been to develop policies attractive to a new generation of Sydney voters who recoil from its traditional blue-collar pitch.
Mr Latham said the income tax system was riddled with disincentives and that workers in the top tax bracket deserved a break, along with those further down the pay scale.
The top tax rate of 47 cents in the dollar, not including the Medicare levy, cuts in at $62,500.
"If you are raising children, you've got a mortgage and you are living in expensive cities like Sydney, Melbourne and Brisbane, I don't think anyone could pretend that $65,000 is a huge amount of affluence," Mr Latham said. "It's part of a broader problem of disincentive right across the income bands."
Labor's greatest concern was for low-income earners, but there was also "a prob- lem around that 60-, 70-, 80-thousand-dollar level".
Mr Latham cites his electorate of Werriwa in Sydney's south-west. "I know from my own electorate there are a lot of people who have come from humble beginnings, studied hard, got through university and got into decent jobs and think, maybe, the disincentives are a bit too high for all that effort.
"They don't see themselves as rich; they see themselves as doing generally what a good society wants them to do.
"I believe passionately in reward for effort, and people who work hard, study hard, get themselves into good jobs deserve to be rewarded in our society."
Income tax is looming as a major battle ground in the election expected next year, with the Prime Minister, John Howard, earlier this month saying that the top marginal tax rate cuts in too early and should be lifted to $75,000.
Mr Latham's tax policy is likely to be in marked contrast to Labor's relatively modest proposals at the last election, including the GST roll-back, which had limited electoral impact.
He says his proposals, due to be released after next year's budget, have two aims - to provide relief for working families, and break down disincentives.
"Whether you are in a poverty trap on $21,000 or a $31,000 [income] family paying very high effective marginal tax rates, or someone on $65,000 who has worked hard, got through uni and got into a decent professional job, maybe in the public service, and you are paying a top marginal tax rate, these are all disincentive effects that are a long-term problem for the Australian economy."
But the strategy has political risks because Labor will need to divert cash that could be spent on crucial health and education policies to pay for tax cuts for high-income earners.
Analysis by HSBC Bank shows that lifting the top tax threshold from $62,500 to $75,000 would cost about $600 million, while abolishing the top rate would cost $2.3 billion.
But Mr Latham says he can find the money. "We believe when you've got the highest-taxing government in history collecting all that revenue you can cut out waste and mismanagement and reorder budget priorities to get better value for the taxpayer."
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Jim W. Reed:
An Inventory of His Scrapbooks, 1948-1956, at the Southwest Collection/Special Collections Library
Biographical Sketch
Jim W. Reed played basketball for the Pine Bluff Zebras from 1948 to 1952, then joined the men's basketball team at Texas Technological College. His team won three consecutive Border Conference Championships from 1953-1956.
His 1955-1956 team included Bobby Wilson, Earl Redwine, Eugene Carpenter, Du-Wayne Blackshear, Logan Cummings, Sterling Gibson, Royce Elam, Harry Scaling, Ned Underwood, Trainer Bo Midkiff, Coach Gene Gibson, Manager Dennis Calvert and Coach Polk Robinson.
Scope and Content
The collection consists of scrapbook materials and photographs which were loaned for photocopying. The items have also been scanned onto CD-ROM.
Transferred to the Audio Visual unit were two game films- Texas Tech vs. Iowa State, December 8, 1955, and Texas Tech vs. West Texas State College, December 29, 1953.
Access Restrictions
Open for research
Related Material
Administrative Information
Preferred Citation
Jim W. Reed Scrapbooks, 1948-1956, Southwest Collection/Special Collections Library, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas
Loaned for Copying, 2004
Processed by
Lynn Whitfield, 2004
Collection Inventory


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Kelli Kneebone and her boyfriend Dave Howatt walk to a nearby store to get some bottles of cold water moments after Kneebone was released from an elevator Monday. The door of the elevator at Kent Plaza in Charlottetown had just shut when the power went off in Charlottetown. By chance, behind them in the photo, an elevator service van passes the intersection of Queen and Kent streets.
©THE GUARDIAN/Nigel Armstrong
The power bumps and outages Monday in Charlottetown left one woman stranded in a pitch-black, sweltering-hot elevator for close to an hour.
Kelli Kneebone was just getting ready to descend from the third floor to the lobby of Kent Plaza apartment building on Kent Street just minutes after 2 p.m. She was going to meet her boyfriend Dave Howatt who was on his way over.
"I went into the elevator and pressed the button to go down, the door closed then everything went completely black, pitch black," Kneebone told The Guardian moments after she got free.
She has a small flashlight on her key chain, thanks to Howatt who gave it to her once as a gift and she used that.
Kneebone picked up the phone in the elevator.
"You could hardly hear it," she said. "It was very faint so then I just called 911 with my cell phone."
She also called Howatt and told him what happened and he was there moments later, as were firefighters.
She leaned against the wall, got hotter and hotter with the increasing heat because no fan system was active in the elevator car, and talked with the people gathering just inches away in the hall.
A call to the elevator company revealed that the service van was in the west part of the province.
Not being a modern elevator system there were no standard working key systems on each floor that allow authorized people to slide open the doors of stalled elevators that are at a safe, floor level.
Firefighters, it turns out, do not have technical training to work with elevator systems directly for a rescue when a technician is not on site.
"It was so hot," said Kneebone of her experience. "The firemen said I was dehydrated. Just hot, hot, hot, and dizzy. I was feeling faint."
About half an hour into the ordeal, and still no technician, firefighters were getting ready to pry the doors open with extraction tools, but waited for Tim Mayme, deputy fire chief of the Charlottetown Fire Department to arrive to assess that damage-causing action.
At about the same time Mayme arrived, so did a service technician from Otis Elevator who was in the Charlottetown area and had been contacted to help as a closer available service unit.
Between the work of the technician and a brief return of power, the doors were opened and Kneebone stepped up and out, drenched in sweat and shaking.
"At the end of it I could not breathe and I got very dizzy," she said. "I was praying a bit. I have a lot of faith in the Lord cause if I didn't, I probably would still be there."
She doesn't plan on taking the elevator again.
"I'll be walking the stairs," she said.
"When the power goes out, (elevators) are not going to free fall," said Mamye. "They are going to stop where they are at.
"If they are at the floor, we pry the door and help them out which was going to be the case here.
"If we have a medical emergency inside, because of any sort of issue, we can immediately do that, otherwise we tend to wait for the technician so we don't do damage unduly," said Mayme after the rescue was over.
"In the run of a year, we probably get ten elevator calls," he said.
"I have been and will again investigate some (elevator) training," said Mayme. "We do familiarization throughout the year."
Charlottetown fire department members trained recently with the technicians for the new elevator system installed during renovations at the Delta Prince Edward hotel, said Mayme.
On Monday Kneebone wasn't the only call for a trapped person in an elevator. No sooner had the technician arrived at Kent Plaza than the firefighters gathered up their tools and walked over to the government office complex where there was also a report of someone caught in an elevator.
That turned out not to be the case by the time they arrived.
"Just scary, terrifying," said Kneebone, of her experience. "It was just like a sweatbox."


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THE £65m overhaul of the Oasis leisure centre is a step closer after leases between the council and a private developer were signed.
The scheme, which will include an indoor ski slope, indoor arena and water park, will now press ahead after Moirai Capital Investments Limited signed on the dotted line.
Under the plan, the Oasis will be handed to a private operator on June 1 and be totally refurbished.
Work will start in the next few months and be completed in a year's time. It will include the replacement of the dome and restoration of the leisure centre to its former glory.
A three-month consultation will now begin with Oasis staff as is law when a business is transferred to another company.
The overall leisure scheme is expected to create 1,700 jobs, including 400 full-time and 600 part-time positions, as well as several hundred other jobs through construction and other activity associated with the development.
It is anticipated it will be a major boost to the economy as projections have estimated it will attract up to 4m visitors a year.
The council entered into an agreement with Moirai after granting four long-term leases covering the Oasis and the former Clares site. If key targets are not met, the council has the right to take back the leases. It has also agreed it will receive an income stream for granting the leases.
Under the terms of the agreement, a planning application for a master plan of the former Clares site opposite the Oasis, would be required within two years of the lease being granted. Detailed applications would then be submitted for each individual phase.
Moirai have confirmed they have firm interest from potential operators for 60 per cent of the site.
Coun Keith Williams, Swindon Council's Cabinet Member for Leisure and Corporate Services, said: "The signing of the leases is a major step forward in our plans to turn Swindon into a major leisure destination.
"This leisure scheme is really exciting for the whole town and will really put us on the map. I look forward to seeing the development progressing over the coming months."
Martin Barber, who is leading the Moirai development, said: "We are ready to press forward enthusiastically with the first phase, the refurbishment of the Oasis. We have already plans in hand for the replacement of the Dome and the refurbishment of the changing accommodation. Over the coming 12 months, we shall be undertaking a significant facelift of the centre to ensure that it returns to a facility of which Swindon can be proud.
"In terms of the further developments on the other areas of the site, we shall shortly be able to make some significant announcements about our proposals to position Swindon as the major leisure and entertainment destination for the south west.
"All this will be undertaken with consultation with both the council and local residents, and we shall be launching a website to ensure that there is access to information on what is proposed and any opportunity for feedback."


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San Diego, CA
Everyone makes mistakes. But when seemingly minor blunders are made in designing and building structures, the results can be catastrophic. Read about some of the more infamous architectural failures in history, and what we have learned from those mistakes. The example above is from one of the slides of an infographic developed by NewSchool of Architecture and Design. Check out the entire "Failure by Design" infographic, at the NSAD website!
Don't be a Failure by Design example! Learn about design and architecture educational opportunities available locally and globally through NewSchool of Architecture and Design.
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New Hampshire Screening Tour of FRED
Starts with a Bang, Continues All Week
MANCHESTER, NEW HAMPSHIRE -- FRED, the brand new documentary by John Fitzgerald Keitel had its World Premiere on Friday, April 4th as the opening night feature film at MONiff International Film Festival in Peterborough, New Hampshire.
The much anticipated New Hampshire Screening Tour of FRED will take Keitel, Karger and former Karger for President Political Director Kevin Miniter all over the Granite State from Monday, April 7th to Saturday, April 12th.
All week long we will be making and posting different YouTube videos from the screenings as we get reactions, reviews and comments on FRED from theatergoers all over New Hampshire.
Here's the first one from Friday's World Premiere featuring an introduction by Fred, a welcome from MONiff Program Director Aaron Weiderspahn, a review by Bob Kelly and a wrap-up from MONiff Board Chair Susan MacNeil. Take a look! CLICK BELOW
MONiff Chair Susan MacNeil moderated the Q and A after the Movie
Lots of coverage of FRED Premiere
New Hampshire Patch
New Hampshire Union Leader
Keene Sentinel
10,000 Couples
Salt Lake Q
New Hampshire Patch
6:00 to 7:00 pm
FRED Screening at University of New Hampshire - Hosted by The Alliance
MUB Theater 1
Municipal Union Building
Tuesday, April 8 – Concord
Press Screening of FRED
5:00 to 6:00 pm Cocktails and hors d'oeuvres
6:00 to 7:00 pm Screening of FRED
The Centennial Hotel
Franklin Pierce Room
96 Pleasant Street
(603) 227-9000
Wednesday, April 9 – Manchester
6:00 pm
Pizza and Politics - FRED Screening at New Hampshire Institute of Politics - West Wing Room Hosted by Saint Anselm College Republicans
New Hampshire Institute of Politics
Saint Anselm College
100 Saint Anselm Drive
Thursday, April 10 – Concord & Hanover
1:00 to 2:30 pm
FRED Screening at Concord High School Auditorium
170 Warren Street
6:00 pm
FRED Screening at Dartmouth College
Hosted by Dartmouth College Republicans
Nelson A. Rockefeller Center for Public Policy
6082 Rockefeller Hall
Friday, April 11 – Keene
9:30 am to 8:30 pm
MONiff Films and Panels – All day
Saturday, April 12 – Keene
10:00 to 11:30 am
FRED Screening at MONiff Film Festival followed by Q & A
Putman Theater
Keene State College
229 Main Street
"Four years ago, I began my campaign for President of the United States as the first openly gay candidate to run from either major political party," said Karger. "We began our historic campaign with a Karger family brunch at Cantine in beautiful Peterborough. Now, four years later, we've come back with FRED. It's wonderful to return New Hampshire and travel all over the state during our nine days of screenings. John did an incredible job of capturing the excitement, disappointments and fun of our 2 1/2 year campaign."
Follow Fred Karger and FRED on Twitter: CLICK HERE
For questions or if you know of an organization that would like to arrange a screening this week, contact Kevin Miniter: email@example.com
Director: John Fitzgerald Keitel
When Fred Karger began running for President of the United States in February 2010 filmmaker John Fitzgerald Keitel was at his side. John spent the next two years documenting his historic campaign as the first openly gay candidate for president from either major political party. Now a one hour documentary, FRED is out and gives audiences an real inside look at the roller coaster campaign. Follow Fred from the towns of New Hampshire to the Iowa State Fair. Watch as he takes on Fox News and Mitt Romney. See the reaction from voters to any openly gay GOP candidate as the campaign travels from New Orleans to New York, from Gay Pride Parades to the Southern Republican Leadership Conference. Watch Fred as he fights for inclusion in the debates, takes on his opponents and campaigns to let lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender Americans know that anything is possible. It's an hour of history that will make you laugh, cry and guaranteed to delight all audiences.
In the meantime, enjoy the trailer and please post and share it with your friends.
A huge THANK YOU to everyone who participated in and helped on this wonderful film!!!


text: APEC recognises the important role Regional Trading Agreements (RTAs) and Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) can play in trade liberalisation in the APEC region. In 2005 APEC Leaders included the promotion of high-quality RTAs and FTAs as an element of the Busan Roadmap towards the Bogor Goals and committed APEC to developing model measures for commonly accepted FTA chapters. Last page update: November 2015 Current Activities Senior officials continue to provide updates at each of their meetings on the most recent developments on FTAs/RTAs in the region. Free Trade Area of the Asia-Pacific Discussions on the possible pathways to the Free Trade Area of the Asia-Pacific (FTAAP) continue. In November 2014, APEC Leaders endorsed the Beijing Roadmap for APEC's Contribution to the Realization of the Free Trade Area of Asia-Pacific (FTAAP) to translate the vision of the FTAAP into reality. The roadmap provides for a Collective Strategic Study on Issues related to the Realisation of the FTAAP to be concluded by end of 2016, as well as enhanced information sharing and capacity building. The study will provide an analysis of potential economic and social benefits and costs, analyse the various pathways towards a Free Trade Area of the Asia-Pacific, and identify challenges economies may face in realizing the FTAAP. APEC Information Sharing Mechanism on Regional Trade Agreements (FTAs)/Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) APEC economies also agreed to an APEC Information Sharing Mechanism on Regional Trade Agreements (RTAs)/Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) that will enhance understanding among economies of possible pathways and build stakeholder support, contributing to the eventual realization of the FTAAP. The agreed elements of the mechanism include: Enhancing access of information on RTAs/FTAs Sharing and assessing information on WTO-plus elements of RTAs/FTAs Holding annual dialogues and reports on RTAs/FTAs Reinforcing and intensifying use of WTO RTA transparency mechanism. In support of the work under the mechanism, the APEC Policy Support Unit (PSU) has also been tasked to undertake research and produce annual reports on trends and developments in FTA/RTA provisions and outcomes concluded by APEC economies. In response to enhancing access and sharing/assessing of information, CTI will work with economies to update the existing APEC comparative tool database on FTA/RTAs at http://fta.apec.org. Links to FTAs/RTAs Information by Economy To provide easy access to updates to concluded FTAs/RTAs and progress in relation to on-going negotiations, member economies provided e-links to the existing FTAs: Economy Website Links Australia www.dfat.gov.au/fta Brunei Darussalam www.mofat.gov.bn/Pages/Brunei-Darussalam%27s-Policy-on-Free-Trade----Agreements.aspx Canada http://www.international.gc.ca/trade-agreements-accords-commerciaux/agr-acc/fta-ale.aspx?lang=eng Chile http://www.minrel.gob.cl/minrel/site/edic/base/port/rel_economicas_eng.html China http://fta.mofcom.gov.cn/ Hong Kong, China http://www.tid.gov.hk/eindex.html Indonesia http://djpen.kemendag.go.id/app_frontend/links/58-free-trade-agreement Japan http://www.mofa.go.jp/policy/economy/fta/index.html http://www.meti.go.jp/policy/trade_policy/epa/english.html Korea http://www.customs.go.kr/kcshome/site/index.do?layoutSiteId=engportal Malaysia http://www.miti.gov.my/cms/content.jsp?id=com.tms.cms.section.Section_8ab55693-7f000010-72f772f7-46d4f042 Mexico http://www.economia.gob.mx/trade-and-investment/foreign-trade/international-trade-negotiations/north-america New Zealand http://www.mfat.govt.nz/Trade-and-Economic-Relations/2-Trade-Relationships-and-Agreements/index.php Papua New Guinea NA Peru http://www.mincetur.gob.pe/newweb/ http://www.acuerdoscomerciales.gob.pe/index.php Philippines http://www.dti.gov.ph/dti/index.php/resources/trade-agreements Russia NA Singapore www.fta.gov.sg/sg_fta.asp Chinese Taipei http://www.moea.gov.tw/Mns/english/content/ContentLink.aspx?menu_id=12141 Thailand http://www.thaifta.com/engfta/Home/Agreements/tabid/168/Default.aspx United States http://www.ustr.gov/trade-agreements/free-trade-agreements http://www.trade.gov/fta/ http://www.state.gov/e/eb/tpp/bta/fta/index.htm Viet Nam http://wtocenter.vn/fta Starting in 2015, Senior Officials will hold a dialogue under the information sharing mechanism, in the margins of the Second Senior Officials Meeting in May, to discuss trends and patterns in regional FTAs/RTAs, key World Trade Organization (WTO)-plus elements and treatment of newer issues. Capacity Building Needs Initiative To support further capacity building towards the eventual realisation of a Free Trade Area of the Asia-Pacific (FTAAP), CTI developed an Action Plan Framework for the 2nd REI CBNI (2015-2017), which was subsequently endorsed by APEC Ministers and Leaders in Beijing. The 2nd Regional Economic Integration Capacity Building Needs Initiative follows the successful implementation of the Action Plan Framework for REI Capacity Building Needs Initiative 2012-2014. Several capacity building training workshops were conducted in 2014 including: Government procurement (9-10 January, Ho Chi Minh City) Preparing for FTA negotiations: research, analysis, consultation, development of negotiating positions and team building (6-7 May, Qingdao) Safeguards including transitional safeguards (10-11 June, Surabaya) Scheduling of services and investment commitments in FTAs (28-29 October, Singapore) Intellectual property (17-18 December, Ho Chi Minh City). For 2015, APEC Senior Officials will design additional targeted and tailor-made capacity building activities under the 2nd Capacity Building Needs Initiative to narrow the gap of the capacities of APEC economies to facilitate the eventual realisation of the FTAAP. Next Generation Trade Issues APEC senior officials will continue to build on next generation trade and investment issues by sharing progress achieved towards implementing the CTI goals. They will undertake further study on the impact of local content requirements on regional integration and economic growth, and discuss possible ways through which economies can promote job creation and competitiveness goals to enhance rather than distort trade. In 2014, APEC economies agreed on an initiative on manufacturing related services in supply chains/value chains as a next generation trade and investment issue, and will develop a plan of action in 2015 to address the issue. Achievements Promoting high quality RTAs/FTAs In 2008 the Committee on Trade and Investment (CTI) completed its work on model measures by concluding five chapters, including a chapter on Customs Administration and Trade Facilitation that was developed by the APEC Business Advisory Council (ABAC). This brings the total number of chapters to 15 (see Appendix 2 of the 2008 CTI Annual Report). These model measures will serve as a reference for member economies seeking to negotiate RTAs/FTAs and will assist in promoting consistency in RTAs/FTAs across the region. The initiative builds upon the APEC Best Practices for RTAs/FTAs which also serve as a useful guide for APEC members when undertaking RTA/FTA negotiations. In 2009 the CTI explored possibilities for the model measures for trade facilitation to be expanded in order to provide more specificity and content. A comparative listing of the 2005 APEC model measures for trade facilitation, the 2008 ABAC model measures for trade facilitation and customs facilitation, and the trade facilitation chapter from the Canada-Costa Rica FTA was compiled for this exercise. The CTI noted the possible contribution of comparative listing to future work on APEC's Second Trade Facilitation Action Plan (TFAP II) and on the Supply-Chain Connectivity (SC) Framework. Identifying Convergences and Divergences In 2009, the Convergences/Divergences Study of APEC FTAs was updated by expanding the scope from 30 to 42 intra-APEC FTAs/RTAs and deepening the coverage to include a new chapter on electronic commerce. In 2010, an overview and a matrix of a new chapter analysis on cooperation were completed by Thailand. The analysis of the cooperation chapter showed that a broad convergence among the cooperation chapters of the analyzed FTAs is highly feasible. Most of the objectives, forms/activities, mechanism/work programme of cooperation are common in content. The 14 chapters covered previously were: market access, rules of origin, customs procedures, environment, investment, trade remedies, competition policy, cross-border services, sanitary and phytosanitary measures, technical barriers to trade, government procurement, intellectual property, labor and dispute settlement. The updated information has been uploaded to the APEC FTA database of the Convergence and Divergence Study at http://fta.apec.org Regional Economic Integration (REI) and a Free Trade Area of the Asia Pacific (FTAAP) Accelerating regional economic integration (REI) has been one of the key priorities for APEC since 2007 and this work is advanced mainly by Senior Officials, the CTI and its sub-groups. Two Trade Policy Dialogues (TPD) on a Free Trade Area of the Asia-Pacific (FTAAP) were held in 2009 to help members better understand the economic benefits and technical and policy implications of the establishment of an FTAAP. The trade policy dialogues covered: possible pathways to an FTAAP (for example, by docking and merging FTAs/RTAs based on APEC studies of the levels of convergence and divergence in FTAs between members); the "next generation" trade and investment issues that should go into a 21st century trade agreement; and the suggestion from the APEC Business Advisory Council that Senior Officials should start work on a timeline. In response to Leaders and Ministers instructions in 2009 to intensify work on initiatives to promote greater convergences among economies in key areas of APEC's REI agenda, a trade policy dialogue was held in May 2010 on investment and standards/technical barriers to trade (TBT). This trade policy dialogue contributed to the development of the Road Map on Investment through discussion of (i) the core elements in the work undertaken by the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD); and (ii) findings of the Convergences/Divergences Study as possible contributions to the development of the APEC Investment Principles. The discussion on standards/technical barriers to trade was aimed at raising awareness of the gamut of methods in which overcoming Non-Tariff Measures (NTMs) could be facilitated. The need for better alignment of standards and increased understanding through regulator collaboration was emphasized. In 2009, Korea led a study on the economic impact of a possible Free Trade Area of the Asia-Pacific (FTAAP) and identified specific benefits and challenges for APEC economies. To take forward the results of this study, the CTI endorsed a proposal on "Capacity Building Needs for Strengthening REI" which sought to conduct a survey primarily targeted at helping developing member economies identify their capacity building needs, including upgrading of negotiation skills, for establishing larger-scale FTAs/RTAs. Taking the outcomes of the survey analysis into consideration, the report recommended the development of detailed action plans and implementation of a tailor-made program for capacity-building in possibly cooperation with relevant international organizations, such as OECD, IDB, UNCTAD, ESCAP, WTO, and ADB to facilitate work process and maximize the effects. Consideration of these recommendations, including the development of an action plan, will be taken up by the CTI in 2011. In 2010, APEC Leaders reaffirmed their commitment at their Yokohama meeting to pursue stronger and deeper Regional Economic Integration by addressing barriers to trade and investment and by taking concrete steps toward realization of a Free Trade Area of the Asia-Pacific (FTAAP). Leaders also agreed that "APEC will make an important and meaningful contribution as an incubator of an FTAAP by providing leadership and intellectual input into the process of its development, and by playing a critical role in defining, shaping, and addressing the 'next generation' trade and investment issues that FTAAP should contain" and that "APEC should contribute to the pursuit of an FTAAP by continuing and further developing its work on sectoral initiatives in such areas as investment; services; e-commerce; rules of origin; standards and conformance; trade facilitation; and environmental goods and services". In 2011, three "next generation trade and investment issues" were identified: (i) facilitating global supply chains; (ii) enhancing small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) participation in global production chains; and (iii) promoting effective, non-discriminatory, and market-driven innovation policy. APEC Leaders agreed to advance a set of policies to promote effective, non-discriminatory, and market-driven innovation policy to set a model for innovation in the region as the best path toward fostering innovations that will increase productivity and ensure economic growth. They also decided on areas of cooperation that could be included in trade agreements to enhance the participation of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in global production chains. In 2012, APEC Leaders remained committed to addressing next generation trade and investment issues to further integrate APEC economies and expand trade throughout the region. They welcome addressing transparency as a new next generation trade and investment issue, and the endorsement of the APEC Model Chapter on Transparency for RTAs/FTAs to be used as a guide by APEC economies. Contacts Program DirectorAPEC Secretariat Program DirectorAPEC Secretariat News APEC Senior Officials finalizing platform for new growth APEC in Beijing to accelerate global recovery Gao: Accelerate Asia-Pacific integration APEC pursuing continuity and innovation balance Asia-Pacific business leaders urge APEC to accelerate the process for achieving a Free Trade Area in the Asia-Pacific region Bachelet: Chile a port and bridge between Latin America and Asia-Pacific Slower growth compels further economic reform: APEC business advisors Regional officials assess the future of APEC APEC in the 21st Century Asia-Pacific Conference APEC Study Centers Consortium Conference APEC's role as champion in changing multilateral landscape: Pangestu Regional initiatives boost pursuit of APEC-wide free trade area APEC Sets Busan Roadmap to Achieve Bogor Goals Mid-Way Point in APEC Process Marks Achievements APEC FTA Negotiation Workshop for Developing Economies in Viet Nam APEC Trade Ministers Agree to Promote Trade Facilitation in RTA/FTAs Events View all group events


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Geography 1 Online
Physical Geography
Winter 2009 – Section 7006
Instructor: Jack Kranz - Email: email@example.com
Welcome to my Physical Geography 1 online course! I will assist you in every way possible to succeed provided that you make every effort to do so. Online delivery of instruction is asynchronous, i.e. you can log into the course at anytime, 24/7. Like in any "on-ground" class, you are responsible for completing and submitting assignments, quizzes, etc. on time. It's a good habit, and one that will help insure successful completion of the course, if you take the initiative to log in daily to look for announcements, messages from the instructor, assignments. etc. Keeping up is important, because you will not be attending class to be physically reminded of where you should be, what textbook chapter you should be reading and the like. I have a no makeup policy insofar as missed course responsibilities are concerned, so keeping in tune with what is expected of you is very important.
Please also keep in mind that a winter intersession course moves very rapidly. We have five calendar weeks to deal with course content that is normally assimilated over a semester-long period. You can do it if you are well-organized and determined to do your very best.
Course focus:
This course is fundamentally about how the Earth "works." Geography 1 examines the Earth's physical environment from the perspective of the major features of the Earth's four environmental realms (geospheres): the atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere, and the biosphere. The interactions between the variables that constitute the geospheres ultimately contribute to the Earth's exceedingly complex physical environment. This course focuses on a study of these interactive processes. Because humans are a part of and therefore subject to the Earth's "behavior", an understanding of topics such as the cause of the seasons, how the atmosphere works to produce changes in weather and variation in climate, the planet's water system, what causes the Earth's landforms to be built and to change, continental drift, earthquakes, etc. makes for an informative as well as an interesting learning experience.
McKnight Tom L. and Darrel Hess. Physical Geography: a Landscape Appreciation. 9th ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall, c2008. ISBN: 100132239019
Course logistics:
This course is fully online, i.e. there are no on-campus meeting. Given this, the delivery of the course content and your course participation is dependent on a working computer and internet access, as well as your complete understanding of the use of the course-delivery software, ETUDES-NG. Please do not ask any computer-related, internet-access related, or course software use questions to me. All of these matters "go with the territory" of online course delivery and participation. These are matters that you must take complete responsibility for and that you are expected and required to deal with when you enroll in an online course. You do have a resource to assist you with online course-related mechanics. Please go to "Virtual Valley" at http://www.lavc.edu/virtualvalley/index.htm for any logistical questions, problems using ETUDES-NG, including logging in to the course.
Scored course components:
- Quizzes – weekly (in class or online); will follow the sequence of my lecture notes/assigned textbook chapters – Missed quizzes may not be made up.*
- Final exam – synthesis of major topics from course – The final exam may not be made up.*
- Teaching Points assignment – to be discussed and explained later in a separate document.
*I will consider and adjudicate extenuating circumstances.
Course Grade:
Your grade for the course will be based on the percentage of the cumulative points that you earn:
A = 87% or >
F = 56% or <
If you were unable to enroll in my Winter 2009 section, I am teaching two online sections of this course in the Spring, 2009 semester.
"See" you online in a few weeks!


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This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).
Detection of DNA sequences has received broad attention due to its potential applications in a variety of fields. As sensitivity of DNA biosensors is determined by signal variation of hybridization events, the signal enhancement is of great significance for improving the sensitivity in DNA detection, which still remains a great challenge. Nanomaterials, which possess some unique chemical and physical properties caused by nanoscale effects, provide a new opportunity for developing novel nanomaterial-based signal-enhancers for DNA biosensors. In this review, recent progress concerning this field, including some newly-developed signal enhancement approaches using quantum-dots, carbon nanotubes and their composites reported by our group and other researchers are comprehensively summarized. Reports on signal enhancement of DNA biosensors by non-nanomaterials, such as enzymes and polymer reagents, are also reviewed for comparison. Furthermore, the prospects for developing DNA biosensors using nanomaterials as signal-enhancers in future are also indicated.
DNA, as the main component of gene chromosomes in cells, is of great significance for both inheritance and good health [
In the recent past years, nanomaterials have received increasing attention due to their unique chemical and physical properties caused by their quantum confinement, surface, small size, and macro quantum tunnel effects [
Until now, there have been several reviews of the applications of nanomaterials in DNA biosensors or DNA-based fabrication of nanomaterials [
As we know, there are four types of bases in DNA sequences, i.e., adenine (A), guanine (G), thymine (T) and cytosine (C). Adenine can pair with thymine to produce two Watson-Crick hydrogen bonds, while guanine can pair with cytosine to form three. Their possible combination types are A-T, T-A, G-C, and C-G. Accordingly, new double-stranded DNA can be fabricated if there are some complementary bases between two DNA sequences. This process is defined as DNA hybridization. During these years, many techniques, e.g., chromatography, spectrophotometry and spectrophoto-fluorimetry, in addition to electrochemical methods, have been developed for the detection of DNA hybridization due to its significant applications in life sciences, medicine, electronics, etc. [
As to the hybridization signals in DNA detection, taking the DNA biosensor-based methods for instance, signals are significantly determined by the transducer, which is one of the main components in a DNA biosensor. By using transducers, base pair recognition events in DNA biosensor are converted into readable analytical signals, which can be current, frequency or fluorescence variations [
As a versatile semiconductor, ZnO has been investigated for signal enhancement in DNA hybridization detection. Zhi
Recently, we have reported the finding that SnO2 nanomaterials could also be excellent fluorescent signal-enhancers in DNA hybridization detection [
Nanostructural metal oxide films were also investigated for amplifying electrochemical DNA-sensing signal. Mathur
On the basis of Fang's findings, i.e., CdS nanoarchitectures coated with free carboxyl groups on the surface could covalently bind with amine-modified probe DNA to produce CdS-DNA nanoconjugates [
QDs are considered as a revolution in the application of fluorophores for biological labeling as compared with traditional dye-labels [
In the past few years, many efforts focused on the detection of DNA biomolecules with enhanced signals by using QDs have been reported [
Recently, more and more QD-assisted DNA biosensors with highly-enhanced sensitivity have been developed. Ozkan
Different from the applications of QDs from single compound, Knoll
NPs-assisted signal enhancement for DNA biosensors have been developed for many years [
More recently, Yang's group reported a novel strategy for AuNPs-based signal enhancement by the improvement of electrocatalytic activity of labels [
As the sensitivity of DNA biosensors can be greatly improved by AuNPs as amplifiers, and the effect increases as the particle size increases, when the size of AuNPs increases further to a certain size, the detection limitation will reach a critical value. Aim to investigate the potential explanation, Jiang
In recent years, our group has made some efforts on the fabrication of nanogapped AuNPs for directly electrical detection of DNA [
In our study,
Seen from
More recently, based on the as-developed nanogapped AuNPs platform, we have fabricated a microcantilever DNA biosensor by using AuNPs as signal enhancer, as shown in
AgNPs have also attracted broad attention for signal enhancement of DNA biosensors in recent years, because of their quantum characteristics of small granule diameter, large specific surface area, as well as their ability to quickly transfer photoinduced electrons at the surfaces of colloidal particles [
Besides the traditional strategies for signal enhancement of DNA biosensors by Au and Ag NPs, silica nanoparticles have also been investigated as potential signal-enhancers in recent years. Xia
Since the discovery of CNTs by Iijima in 1991 [
Compared with the pure CNTs, CNT composites exhibit some enhanced performance as applied in DNA biosensors. Jiao
Recently, our group reported the application of Au/MWCNT composites for enhancing the electrochemical detection of DNA hybridization [
In the past decade, accompanying the development of nanomaterial-assisted signal enhancement approaches, some strategies without nanomaterials have also been investigated. Pappaert
As to the biochemical approaches, Wu and co-workers reported the enhancement of hybridization efficiency of DNA targets using oligonucleotide pre-hybridization [
In 1996, Heller's group demonstrated the detection of hybridization by labeling the target oligonucleotide with peroxidase for the first time [
In recent years, signal enhancement by using non-nanomaterials, such as enzymes and polymer reagents, has been a fascinated field. Traditionally, DNA biosensors based on non-nanomaterials as signal-enhancers exhibit a rapid response and a highly-selective performance. However, the nanomaterial-assisted strategies for signal enhancement show a high sensitivity, simple procedure, as well as excellent repeatability, indicating their promising applications in practice. The reports on signal-enhancement based on nanomaterials and non-nanomaterials presented above are further summarized for comparison, as shown in
Nanomaterials, such as nanosemiconductors, QDs, NPs, CNTs and their composites, have been widely used for improving the hybridization signal of DNA biosensors. Recent advances concerning nanomaterial-assisted signal enhancement were reviewed comprehensively. ZnO, SnO2, and CdS with various morphologies and structures were found to be excellent fluorescent signal-enhancers in DNA hybridization detection. As to walnut-like CdS nanoarchitectures, the combined effects of semiconducting nature, surface characteristic of CdS nanoarchitectures and negative charges of CdS ligand could be the explanations for signal amplification. As compared with traditional fluorescent dyes, the emission of QDs was broad and the excitation wavelength was both narrow and independent, indicating their promising applications for multiplexed DNA detection with a high sensitivity. Based on numerous efforts devoted to develop Au and AgNPs-based signal enhancement, Au and AgNPs have been considered as one class of the most significant signal-amplifiers for DNA detection. Furthermore, CNTs and their composites were also demonstrated as effective signal-enhancers for DNA detection at low concentration.
On the basis of current progresses in the field of nanomaterial-assisted signal enhancement for DNA biosensors, it is prospected that the following aspects would be promising directions for developing in future: 1) nanosemiconductors with novel structures which are in favor of incorporation with DNA molecules; 2) QDs-based DNA biosensors with highly-selective characteristics; 3) novel nanoscale signal-amplifiers based on the combination between NPs (such as Au and AgNPs) and CNTs. Moreover, it is noteworthy that the newly-discovered and widely-focused graphene would be a potential candidate for developing novel signal-amplifiers of DNA biosensors due to its unique molecular structure.
This work was financially supported by the "973" State Key Project of Fundamental Research for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (2007CB936603), the "863" National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (2009AA03Z330), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (10635070, 60604022 and 60574094), the Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation (090412036), the Knowledge Innovation Fund from Hefei Institute of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (F-039), and the Dean's Fund from Hefei Institute of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (0721H11141). Moreover, we are grateful to Dr. Jiarui Huang and Cuiping Gu of Institute of Intelligent Machines, Chinese Academy of Sciences for their helpful contributions to this review.
(a) Schematic illustration of the fabrication of patterned SnO2 nanomaterials on silicon substrate. (b) Low- and high- magnification (insert) SEM images of the patterned SnO2 nanomaterials. The fluorescence emission photos from (c) covalent- and (d) noncovalent-linked probe DNA. Reprinted with permission from [
SEM images of the walnut-like CdS nanoarchitectures synthesized via a solvothermal route. Reprinted with permission from [
Process of CdS-modified GCE for the detection of DNA hybridization. (Left) Formation of a layer of CdS-ODN nanoconjugates on the surface of GCE before DNA hybridization. (Right) Direct mobilization of ODN on the surface of bare GCE for DNA hybridization detection. Reprinted with permission from [
Schematic illustration of
SEM images of AuNPs and the calculated distance between them: (A) single-layered AuNPs (s-AuNPs) between electrodes before growth; (B) high-magnification view of in situ seed-assisted growing (sg-AuNPs) between electrodes after 2 min growth; (C) the nanoparticle diameters of s-AuNPs and sg-AuNPs; (D) the distance of nanogap between each AuNP. Reprinted with permission from [
Electrical detection of DNA: (A) I–V curves of s-AuNPs: (a) bare s-AuNPs, (b) s-AuNPs with single-stranded DNA (ss-DNA, probe DNA), and (c) s-AuNPs with double-stranded DNA (ds-DNA); (B) I–V curves of sg-AuNPs: (a) bare sg-AuNPs, (b) sg-AuNPs with ss-DNA, and (c) sg-AuNPs with ds-DNA. Reprinted with permission from [
Electrical detection of DNA-EcoRI interaction: (A) I-V measurements for dsDNA cleavage by EcoRI: (a) bare sg-AuNPs, (b) sg-AuNPs with ss-DNA, (c) sg-AuNPs with ds-DNA, (d) dsDNA with EcoRI. (B) I–V measurements for assaying the cleavage specificity of EcoRI endonuclease: (a) bare sg-AuNPs, (b) sg-AuNPs with ss-DNA (probe DNA3), (c) sg-AuNPs with ds-DNA, (d) dsDNA with EcoRI, and (e) dsDNA with enzyme reaction buffer. Reprinted with permission from [
Sketch diagram of the microcantilever DNA biosensor using AuNPs as signal-enhancers.
(a) TEM image of the Au/MWCNT nanocomposites. (b) Calibration current of the electroactive indicator (methylene blue) before and after hybridization. Differential pulse voltammetry measurements were performed at pulse amplitude of 50 mV and pulse width of 50 ms. Reprinted with permission from [
Summary of signal-enhancement based on nanomaterials and non-nanomaterials.
|SnO2 nanorods
|1.0 × 10−12
|nanoscale TiO2, SnO2, and Fe3O4 films
|2.1, 5.4, and 4.6 × 10−8, respectively
|walnut-like CdS NPs
|current/cyclic and differential pulse voltammetry
|ca. 3-fold
|6.0 × 10−14
|streptavidin-functionalized QDs
|fluorescent/colorimetric measurement
|< 1.0 × 10−9
|4.8 × 10−15
|CdSe/ZnS core-shell QDs
|< 1.0 × 10−9
|CdSe-ZnS QDs and magnetic beads
|5.0 × 10−13
|ZnCdSe alloy QDs
|ca. 15-fold
|1.0 × 10−14
|ca. 2-fold
|current/cyclic voltammetry
|1.0 × 10−11
|current/anodic stripping voltammetry
|0.03 ng/mL (IgG)
|current/cyclic voltammetry
|3.81 × 10−11
|MWCNTs/ZnO/chitosan composites
|current/differential pulse voltammetry
|2.8 × 10−12
|current/differential pulse voltammetry
|< 1.0 × 10−12
|single electron transistor (non-nanomaterials)
|2.5 × 10−11
|cationic conjugated polymers and PicoGreen (non-nanomaterials)
|1.0 × 10−10
|1.0 × 10−9
|1.2 × 10−11


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A bold, modern, colorful and fully responsive template
Congratulations, Andrew!!
Thank you Duncanville Education Foundation for our Grant!
Join us for Ben Franklin Apothecary's 3rd Annual Heart of Duncanville 5K supporting the Duncanville ISD Education Foundation!
Welcome to Hyman Elementary!
Duncanville ISD is near and dear to my heart. I began as a teacher in Duncanville ISD at Alexander Elementary. While at Alexander Elementary, I taught 3rd grade, 4th grade, and special education. I then became a special education instructional specialist before becoming the Assistant Principal at Hyman Elementary. After being the assistant principal at Hyman Elementary for 3 years, I then became the Principal at Hyman.
Melinda Turner
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School Motto
"Building 21st Century Learners, One Child at a Time."
School Colors
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Pre K Morning
8:00 am - 11:30 am
Pre K Afternoon
12:00 pm - 3:30 pm
Campus Administrators
Brandee King, Principal
Odette King, Asst. Principal
Matthew Northcutt, Asst. Principal


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