text:
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).
HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase (RT) is a multifunctional enzyme responsible for the transcription of the RNA genome of the HIV virus into DNA suitable for incorporation within the DNA of human host cells. Its crucial role in the viral life cycle has made it one of the major targets for antiretroviral drug therapy. The Non-Nucleoside RT Inhibitor (NNRTI) class of drugs binds allosterically to the enzyme, affecting many aspects of its activity. We use both coarse grained network models and atomistic molecular dynamics to explore the changes in protein dynamics induced by NNRTI binding. We identify changes in the flexibility and conformation of residue Glu396 in the RNaseH primer grip which could provide an explanation for the acceleration in RNaseH cleavage rate observed experimentally in NNRTI bound HIV-1 RT. We further suggest a plausible path for conformational and dynamic changes to be communicated from the vicinity of the NNRTI binding pocket to the RNaseH at the other end of the enzyme.
Since its discovery in the early eighties AIDS, the clinical result of infection by HIV has caused over 25 million deaths worldwide [
The essential role played by reverse transcriptase (RT) in the replicative cycle of HIV has made it an attractive target for HIV/AIDS therapy. The enzyme uses the single stranded RNA viral genome as a template to create a single strand of DNA which is in turn used as a template to create a double stranded DNA (
HIV-1 RT is a heterodimeric protein consisting of 440 and 560 amino acid subunits (known as p51 and p66 respectively due to their molecular weights). Both subunits are derived from the same
The structure of the HIV-1 RT shown along the template/primer binding cleft in the (
Several mechanisms by which NNRTIs may inhibit reverse transcriptase have been proposed. Two of the most widely described are that NNRTI binding disrupts the geometry of the polymerase active site [
In contrast to the wealth of structural data comparatively little experimental evidence is available describing the conformation and dynamics of the entire enzyme in solution that could help to reach this understanding. Spin labelling experiments have shown that in solution the enzyme exists in an equilibrium between this state and a more open conformation [
Chemical structures of the two NNRTIs used in this study: (
We applied the anisotropic network model (ANM) as described in detail in Eyal
Correlation between modes generated from different structures was calculated from the dot product of eigenvectors representing each mode (considering only common residues and ensuring that the eigenvectors were normalised before the calculation was performed), producing values between 1 (correlated) and −1 (anti-correlated). No meaning is attached to the direction of a mode, so correlated or anti-correlated modes are both equivalent.
Principal component analysis is a dimensional reduction technique that allows the isolation of the most significant conformational differences between a set of structures. Here the structures are provided by snapshots from the molecular dynamics trajectory. The correlation matrix is calculated from an aligned molecular dynamics trajectory and then diagonalised. This provides an orthogonal set of eigenvectors representing linearly independent modes of conformational change called principal components. The eigenvalues associated with each principal component are a measure of the variance in the original dataset described by that component. The principal component analysis presented here was performed on the Cα coordinates of a range of crystal structures using the ProDy package [
Three HIV-1 RT structures were selected to be simulated using molecular dynamics. These were the 1DLO apo structure, the 1IKW EFV bound structure and 1VRT NVP bound structure. For each structure an ensemble of 10 independent simulations were performed (differing only in the initial velocities applied to each atom), each producing 4 ns of production simulation (each simulation lasted a total of 10 ns including equilibration). Structures were output for analysis every 10 ps.
Unfortunately, all available HIV-1 RT crystal structures are incomplete and a number of loop residues in the p51 subunit of the NNRTI bound structures are missing (residues 217 to 231 in 1IKW, 88 to 92 and 215 to 231 in 1VRT, and 356 to 362 in both structures). The models were completed by copying in the coordinates from 1HQU [
Inhibitor potential parameterisation was performed by extracting the drug coordinates into separate files, using the PRODRG tool [
The molecular dynamics package NAMD2 [
The next stage of the equilibration process was a mutational relaxation protocol in which each mutated residue and residues within 5 Å are released in turn from the restraints for 50 ps. This allowed the residues to reorient into more favourable conformations if necessary. After the 50 ps relaxation period the restraints are reapplied to each region.
The equilibration phase anneals the system taking the temperature from 50 K to 300 K in 50 ps. Once achieved, the final temperature was maintained using a Langevin thermostat with a coupling coefficient of 5 ps−1 . This was followed by completely isothermal equilibration for 200 ps in the canonical (NVT) ensemble. In both of these stages the restraints imposed during minimisation were retained. The restraints were then gradually reduced in four steps of 1 kcal mol−1Å2, each step running for 50 ps. The restraints applied are weaker than in the protease case as no regions are known to suffer solvation induced deformities unlike the flap region of the protease. After this, the restraints were removed completely and the systems allowed to evolve under isothermal-isobaric (NPT) conditions using a Berendsen barostat [
The three systems were built using extensions to the Binding Affinity Calculator (BAC) scripts created to automate simulations and free energy calculations for the HIV-1 protease [
Physical properties can only be reliably calculated from systems which have been adjudged properly equilibrated. For all systems simulated here the potential energy minimisation applied is sufficient to remove all bad contacts as measured by the decrease in potential energy which, after the heating phase, remains stable with a standard deviation of less than 450 kcal mol−1 in all cases. A further test of whether the systems under study have equilibrated was made by investigating the structural variation seen over the simulation. Using difference distance matrices, Keller
Temiz and Bahar [
Comparison of the first 15 ANM modes generated from the apo HIV-1 RT structure and those of the NVP and EFV bound enzyme using the 1DLO, 1RTH and 1FK9 crystal structures respectively. The matrices show the pairwise correlation of modes, the darker the square the higher the magnitude of the correlation. (
If the differences observed between the modes seen for 1FK9 and 1RTH is caused by differences in the bound inhibitor, then similar differences should be observed using different EFV and NVP bound structures. We used all available EFV and NVP crystal structures as inputs to ANMs. We found that whilst all structures showed similar second modes, there was no correlation between the particular drug bound and the predictions of the flexibility of the p66 thumb and fingers, or the presence or absence of fluctuations in the p51 subunit. A comparison between the results for the 1IKW and 1VRT crystal structures (EFV and NVP bound, respectively) and those of 1FK9 and 1RTH (EFV and NVP bound, respectively) is shown in
The fluctuations of the NNRTI bound HIV-1 RT described by the second ANM mode for (
Comparison of the squared fluctuations predicted by ANM mode 2 of the NVP bound 1RTH (red) and EFV bound 1FK9 structures (black).
Comparison of the first 15 ANM modes generated from different HIV-1 RT structures bound to NVP and EFV, using the 1RTH and 1VRT NVP bound structures and 1FK9 and 1IKW EFV bound structures. The matrices show the magnitude of the pairwise correlation of the modes, the darker the square the higher the correlation. (
Comparison of the squared fluctuations predicted by ANM mode 2 of the NVP bound 1VRT (red) and EFV bound 1IKW structures (black). The main difference between the two structures is in the extent of the predicted mobility of the p66 thumb (residues 244 to 322); in both cases this is much than that observed for 1RTH and 1FK9 (see
If there is no link between the specific inhibitor bound and the differences seen in the ANM modes of NNRTI bound HIV-1 RT, the obvious question is which features of the structures are causing the observed variation. In order to assess these differences observed in the ANMs we used PCA to analyse the differences in the available EFV and NVP bound structures. Analysis of all available crystal structures revealed one prominent principal component (PC), but this only identified differences between the 3HVT structure which was crystalised in the
Projection of individual crystal structures on to the first two principal components generated from PCA of EFV and NVP bound HIV-1 RT structures. The structures are clearly clustered into two groups along PC1, labelled A and B, and highlighted in red and blue respectively.
The EFV and NVP bound HIV-1 RT crystal structures analysed by PCA are divided into two groups according to PC1, groups A and B. Group A corresponds to the structures in which p51 flexibility is linked to that of the p66 thumb by ANMs, no such link is observed in ANMs based on group B structures. The drug bound and major resistance associated mutations present in the structure are also listed.
|PDB code
|Resolution (Å)
|Resistance Mutations
The variation of the NNRTI bound HIV-1 RT described by PC1. The variation of each residue, relative to the average structure displayed in tube representation, is shown in (
Both the PCA and ANM analyses presented here suggest a link between alterations in p66 thumb position and changes in distal regions of the protein implicated in RNaseH function. This combination of evidence is suggestive of NNRTI binding inducing changes in both conformation and dynamics throughout the protein. Whilst predictions from ANMs do give consistently similar global motions for the proteins, we have seen that small changes in local contacts can influence the details of the dynamic modes produced. In order to gain a more detailed picture of the dynamics in the p51 subunit, and how it is influenced by NNRTI binding, we conducted ensemble MD simulations of the apo HIV-1 RT and the same enzyme bound to both NVP and EFV.
Projection of snapshots from the ensemble MD trajectories of the EFV and NVP bound HIV-1 RT onto the first two principal components generated from PCA of EFV and NVP bound HIV-1 RT crystal structures. Both simulations show wide variations in both PCs; there is no clustering close to either of the groups of crystal structure projections (these are shown by the dashed rectangles and labelled A and B). Crystal structure projections are shown as black dots, except the 1IKW (green) and 1VRT (magenta) structures which were used as initial structures for the EFV and NVP MD simulations, respectively.
Root mean squared fluctuations (RMSF) of the Cα atoms of (a) p66 and (b) p51 over the concatenated ensemble trajectories of the apo (black), EFV (red) bound and NVP (blue) bound HIV-1 RT simulations. The residues of the NNRTI binding pocket, RnaseH primer grip and active sites are indicated by magenta, dark blue and green dots on the x-axis, respectively. The bars above the graph indicate the locations of the subunits in the sequence; the (F)ingers, (P)alm, (T)humb, (C) connection and (R)NaseH. The p51 αL helix containing residues 395 and 396 in the RNaseH primer grip is indicated by a gray box.
Residues 86 to 91 (
Histogram showing the normalized frequency distribution of the separation between centres of mass of the p66 fingers and thumb over the simulations of the (black), EFV (red) bound and NVP (blue) bound HIV-1 RT ensemble trajectories. Both the EFV and NVP ensembles maintain much larger separation than is seen in the apo enzyme but the NVP bound system shows greater flexibility.
In all structures the section between residues 360 and 420 in p51 is highly stable but there is a distinct RMSF peak at RNaseH primer grip residues 395 and 396 in the apoprotein. This key region for substrate positioning was also picked out in the PCA of the EFV and NVP bound crystal structures as undergoing conformational shifts correlated to changes in the p66 thumb. Further investigation of the surrounding regions indicates that other regions in or close to the RNaseH primer grip also undergo discernibly different motions in our simulations, in particular the p66 loop containing residue 359 exhibits very different behaviour across the systems (see
In order to ascertain whether the relatively minor changes in backbone flexibility impact residues Lys395 and Glu396, the dihedrals of the sidechains were measured for each snapshot of all three ensembles. The distribution of angles observed for Lys395 are very similar for all three systems (see
Histogram showing the normalized frequency distribution of the sidechain dihedral angle χ1 of Glu396 over the simulations of the apo (black), EFV (red) bound and NVP (blue) bound HIV-1 RT ensemble trajectories. Two states are apparent for all three structures, however the balance in occupation is shifted to that with a lower angle in the EFV and NVP bound simulations.
Both the anisotopic network models (ANMs) and ensemble molecular dynamics simulations presented here indicate that NNRTI binding induces changes in the dynamics of regions of the protein far from the binding site. ANMs are computationally cheap and have been shown to replicate global dynamics derived from other sources for a number of proteins [
The atomic detail of our ensemble molecular dynamics simulations allows us to identify subtle shifts in the conformational states of residues in the RNaseH primer grip induced by NNRTI binding. In particular we showed that in both NVP and EFV bound systems the distribution of dihedral angles explored by Glu396 is altered, whilst those of Lys395 remain unaltered despite the shared changes to backbone flexibility. This observation is significant as Glu396 has been shown experimentally to alter RNaseH processivity which is found to be insensitive to the removal of contacts with residue Lys395 [
Supplementary Materials (PDF, 3241 KB)
D.W.W. and B.A.H. are supported by EU projects, CHAIN (FP7-HEALTH 223131), p-medicine (FP7-ICT 270089) and VPH-SHARE (FP7-ICT 269978). D.W.W. was additionally supported by the EPSRC via the CoMPLEX Doctoral Training Centre. This work has also been made possible thanks to computer resources provided by TeraGrid TRAC award TG-MCB090174, with simulations run on both the Ranger machine at the Texas Advanced Computing and Kraken machine at the National Institute for Computational Infrastructure (NICS). The authors would also like to acknowledge the use of the UCL Legion High Performance Computing Facility, and associated support services, in the completion of this work.


text:
Business Law by Tom Ramsey
November 6th, 2012 – Although certainly not everyone's favorite dispute resolution method, the requirement that disputes be resolved by private (for profit) arbitration appears in many contracts. Of course, unlike a trial, the cost, including hefty filing and arbitrator fees, and facility and administrative charges, is borne entirely by the parties.
Would a dispute be resolved by a court, instead of the use of arbitration as required by the provisions of a contract, if any of the parties is truly unable to pay for an arbitration?
Before continuing, two words need explanation. First, a "stay" is a court order prohibiting the process that is the object of the "stay" from continuing. Second, if a stay is ended by a subsequent court ruling, the stay is "lifted."
MJKA, Inc., and about five others (collectively, MJKA), as franchisees, entered into franchise agreements with 123 Fit Franchising, LLC, the franchisor. A provision in each of the franchise agreements required all of the claims based on them to be arbitrated.
September 2006: MJKA initiated a single lawsuit in a San Diego County trial court against 123, alleging that they were fraudulently induced to enter into the agreements and that 123 failed to provide them with the operational support that 123 was obligated to provide pursuant to the terms of the agreements.
November 2, 2006: 123 filed a petition in a Colorado court seeking an order compelling arbitrations of the claims of MJKA.
November 7, 2006: 123 filed a motion in the San Diego County trial court to stay the lawsuit in that court and allow the arbitration to move ahead because all disputes had to be resolved by arbitration, not by court trial.
In response, MJKA asked the San Diego County trial court to declare that the arbitration requirement is unenforceable. The court stayed the lawsuit before it. It also refused to find that the arbitration requirement was unenforceable because it did not have jurisdiction to make such a determination. It stated that MJKA could make that argument in the Colorado court.
October 2007: The Colorado court granted 123's motion to compel arbitration. MJKA then attempted to initiate arbitration, but determined that the costs of arbitration would be prohibitive.
September 2008: This time MJKA asked the San Diego County trial court to stay the arbitration and allow the court trial to move ahead. The trial court denied this request. It stated that it was "concerned that the arbitration has not yet occurred, and that the plaintiffs [MJKA] may be financially unable to proceed with the arbitration. The plaintiffs are obviously entitled to have their dispute heard on the merits in some forum, whether in arbitration or otherwise. However, the Court is not persuaded, on the present record, that it would be appropriate for this Court to lift its stay . . . when a Colorado court has ordered the matter to arbitration and the plaintiffs have not returned to the Colorado court for relief . . ."
August 2009: MJKA again asked the San Diego County trial court to stay the arbitration and allow the court trial to move ahead. Probably in response to the court's comments in September, MJKA cited the anticipated costs, per case ($38,500- $42,500), consisting of the following: A $6,000 arbitration filing fee; a $2,500 case service fee; between $10,000 and $14,000 for the arbitrator; travel and lawyer fees of about $20,000. They pointed out that about six franchisees are making the claims against 123, resulting in six arbitrations ($231,000-$255,000). They also explained that the arbitrator will not permit consolidation of the claims, requiring a separate arbitration for each. Additionally, the arbitrator will not waive or defer any fees. They also made it clear to the court that they have incurred substantial personal debt (in the range between $208,000 and $320,000 per franchisee, totaling between $1,248,000 and $1,920,000) with regard to the establishment of the businesses to operate the franchises. This time the trial court lifted the stay. It also determined that the arbitration provisions are unenforceable and/or unconscionable. The next step would have been a court trial in San Diego, not an arbitration.
Instead, 123 appealed the trial court's ruling.
The breadth of the power of the trial court to lift the stay of the trial was the center of the appeal. A California Civil Code section provides that if any court with appropriate power, regardless of its location (including one outside California), has ordered arbitration of a controversy which is also an issue involved in a case before a California trial court, the California trial court shall, upon the motion of a party, stay the trial until the arbitration is had "or until such earlier time as the [trial] court specifies." The power deals with the trial court to stay the trial, not to stay the arbitration.
As outlined above, initially, the San Diego County trial court stayed the lawsuit before it, in accordance with the statute. However, 123 was unhappy about this result and appealed the subsequent order of the San Diego County trial court that stayed the arbitration.
The Court of Appeal explained that the purpose of the stay of a lawsuit is to protect the jurisdiction of the arbitrator by not proceeding with any trial in the trial court until arbitration is resolved. In the absence of a stay, the continuation of the trial court proceedings would disrupt the arbitration proceedings and could render them ineffective. Although the trial court can stay the trial proceedings before it, beyond that its power to interfere in the pending arbitration is strictly limited.
MJKA argued that the statute allows the trial court to stay the trial until such earlier time as it specifies. However, the Court of Appeal could find no case that addressed the circumstances under which a trial court can lift a stay of a case before it prior to the completion of an arbitration regarding the same issues.
The Court of Appeal decided that the power of a trial court to lift a stay of a trial "merely upon a determination that a party cannot afford arbitration" would be beyond the very limited scope provided in the California statute. In all likelihood, the fact that a Colorado court actually ordered arbitration probably didn't help MJKA.
Finally, the Court of Appeal decided that since the trial court had improperly lifted the stay, it could not declare the arbitration provisions to be unenforceable and/or unconscionable.
The stay order of the San Diego County trial court was lifted, allowing the arbitration to somehow proceed.
The next chapter is unknown…
This case is entitled MJKA, Inc., et al, v. 123 Fit Franchising, LLC. It was decided in 2011.
(Tom Ramsey is a Long Beach attorney who has specialized in business law for more than 40 years. He may be reached at firstname.lastname@example.com.)

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Life is a beach
. .. and so much more
See more Beach Photos in our gallery
Subic Bay and Zambales are both well know for their beaches. The beaches along the shore of the bay are ideal for those who like calmer waters, while the beaches along the Zambales coast are great for waves. Subic Beaches have something for everyone.
Subic bay is well known as a great summer destination , its calm waters, cool breezes and wide range of water activities are accented by the lush jungles of the area. The City of Olongapo provides the anchor of support for the area, and includes the Subic Bay Freeport Zone and parts of the provinces of Zambales and Bataan. The City of Olongapo is the largest city of the Province of Zambales and is adjacent to the Subic Bay Freeport, portions of the city border on the Bay.
On the Subic Bay Freeport (sometimes incorrectly called SBMA ), The beaches are located out past the airport. These include the "Dungaree" and "All Hands" beaches. While the freeport has a number of waterfront hotels and resorts, there is only one beach resort, the Camayan Beach Resort. Camayan is located next to the Ocean Adventure theme park who also owns the resort.
The City of Olongapo attracts most of the beach goers. Two parts of the town, Kalaklan and Barretto, border on Subic Bay. Both have a number of beaches and resorts. Barrio Barretto is the location of the majority of the city's beach front and hotels.The city operates two beaches, Halfmoon in Kalaklan and Driftwood in Barretto. Other popular beaches open to the public are Ocean View beach (with its own resort) and Sierra Beach in Kalaklan, Baloy Long Beach and Pailadium beach in Barrio Barretto are also very popular. Olongapo has dozens of hotels and beach resorts. Among the more popular Olongapo resorts are By The Seas Resort Hotel, and Johans Dive and Water Sports Resort.
North of the City of Olongapo is the town of Subic Zambales still on Subic Bay. There are a few small beaches here but none that really stand out like the Olongapo beach. What does stand out is the White Rock Waterpark and Resort. This Subic Resort is Located on 7 heacre of beach front property it is a full feature waterpark and resort. It has two wave pools and two water slides among its other attractions of pools. It has a very nice beach and a variety of water sports. There are many small Subic resorts also. Visit one of the Subic Beaches soon
DUNGAREE BEACH is one of the beaches on the Subic Bay Freeport.
Read more about Subic Bay Freeport Beaches>
White Rock Waterpark and Resort, Subic Zambales
Read more at White Rock Resort information>
Moving away from the bay and traveling a little north we come to the beaches and resorts of Zambales. The Zambales coast faces the South China Sea and has kilometer after kilometer of fine beaches. San Antonio is a popular destination with many small inexpensive resorts. It is also the home of a large upscale Punta De Uian resort.


text: I don't really need to say anything... I'm Johnny Magic. I was born and raised in Charlotte, North Carolina so I love some home-cooked Southern food. My favorite desserts are key lime and apple pies. I've been doing this radio thing for more than 20 years here in Orlando so I pretty much feel like here is home now. I'm a Sagittarius, born November 29. Remember that date because I want gifts. My favorite music is anything we play on XL. When I want to chill, I listen to Jazz or when I want to party I listen to Hip Hop. It all depends on the mood I'm in. My favorite artist is KEM. I've seen him in 5 different cities. When I have some down time, I usually chill with some friends. I consider myself blessed with the wonderful friends that I have. I never take them for granted and appreciate each and every one of them. I also read "Self Help" books that help me better my body, mind and spirit. I love to end a long week with a cigar and a Heineken sitting in a nice chair. To me, that slows everything down. I hate talking about myself so if you have anymore questions about me, just email me and I will answer them for you.Favorite Color: Black (even though everyone tells me it's not a color)Favorite part of a woman: Her heartFavorite Restaurant: Hillstone in Winter Park (formerly Houston's)Place I want to visit one day: Italy in the springFavorite Food: Anything my Momma cooksFavorite Car: CorvetteFavorite Quote: "This too shall pass."Favorite Clothing: Oversized shirt & Cargo Shorts Contact Call 877-919-1067 Text 41067 Reply STOP to cancel. Standard text message and data rates apply. Email firstname.lastname@example.com Social


text:
Choose Between Two Options
- $35 for a 45-minute private horseback-riding lesson and assessment for one (a $75 value)
- $49 for a 60-minute semi-private horseback-riding lesson and assessment for two (a $130 value)
At a riding facility in the rolling Caledon Hills, instructors lead individuals or pairs through personalized lessons in riding and caring for horses. Lessons may be booked for groups of up to four riders. Before the lessons officially begin, each rider shows off their abilities in a 15–20-minute assessment, which helps the instructors develop a skill-level-appropriate experience.
Forest Hill Training Centre Inc.
As the sun rises over Caledon's rolling hills, the horses of Forest Hill Training Centre Inc. whinny impatiently in their stables. In just a few hours, the clopping of their hooves will echo across the facility's arena as instructors lead new riders through private or semi-private lessons. Anchored to a rural patch of land on Toronto's outskirts, the facility, which opened in 2009, attracts plenty of city dwellers with dreams of galloping through open fields. Those who make the 30-minute drive from the city will find a riding experience tailored to suit their goals and abilities.
If Forest Hill's instructors seem uncommonly skilled at the reins, they have Scott and Dee Walker, who have been active professionals since 1989, to thank. The couple opened their first state-of-the-art "show barn" in 1992, and they have since developed a highly successful system of helping riders of all levels achieve their potential. Whether you hope to compete on the professional circuit or simply want to take advantage of the Horses Only parking space at work, they can tweak the training program to fit your needs. In addition, the facility offers horse-showing lessons and camps.


text:
How To Make Deer Sausage
Smoke House Temperature
Smoke (Yes/No)
1st 2 Hours OR**
½ Open
2 Hours
½ Open
2 Hours
165° F to 175° F
¾ Closed
Till Internal Temperature of Sausage Reaches
|** [Do NOT begin the smoking process UNTIL the internal temperature of the sausages reach 90 ° F.]
Click here to see a picture of a Link of Our Deer Sausage ready to eat
Made using Our "Recipe" on this page!
Here is our Smokehouse process schedule for deer sausage:
If you have a meat thermometer, push the probe into the center of one of the sausages, set the temperature alarm at 152° F.
See Our Meat Thermometer.
That's a very quick summary of our recipe and how we make our deer sausage.
We use F.W. Witts Sausage Seasoning mix for our Deer Sausage. We sell it packaged for 25, 50 and 100 lb. batches of deer/beef sausage. You can order this seasoning yourself on our Smoked Sausage Seasonings page.
We also sell clear Fibrous Deer Sausage Casings. You can order these casings on our Casings page.
In sausage making or meat processing, temperature is very important both in making sure the meat is properly chilled and in cooking or smoking the sausage to its optimum temperature.
We highly recommend the using a quality Meat Thermometer.
Click here to view our Meat Thermometer. Available for ONLY $12.95 - Shipped FREE in the U.S.!
We now have High Temperature Cheddar Cheese, High Temperature Pepper Jack Cheese and High Temperature Habanero Cheese!!
These High Temperature Cheese's are perfect for adding that "Special Touch" to your
Smoked Beef/Deer Sausage. All varieties of cheese are available in 2½ lb. Bags with FREE Shipping in the U.S.!
Right Click Here and "Save Target As" to download our QuickTime
30 Second Video of How We Stuff Deer Sausage
This is a 9 mb file, so it will take 10 minutes to download with a standard Dial-Up modem.
If you have a high speed connect, just left click the link above to watch the Video Clip!
If you do not have the QuickTime Plug-In on your computer, (most computers do)
you can download it from Apple from the link below:
Apple QuickTime Download
We have a FREE PDF article on How to Make Deer Sausage Safely.
To view it, just click here.
If you would rather download the FREE PDF "How to Make Deer Sausage Safely" article and save it to your computer, just right click here, and choose "Save Target As"
You will need Adobe Acrobat Reader to view this file.
If don't have it already on your computer,
you can download from the Adobe website by clicking here.
If you are looking for a good butcher/boning knife, you can order one exactly like the knife we have been using here at Jackson Frozen Food Locker for over 29 years.
NEW! Our 5 Inch Boning Knife is ONLY $24.99 - Shipped FREE!
Smoked Deer/Beef Sausage Kit for 25 Lbs. of Meat
You don't have to be a Professional Meatcutter to make Great Sausages
because this kit contains EVERYTHING you need to make it yourself - just add meat!
Make your own Smoked Deer/Beef Sausage for ONLY $1.40/lb! (plus the cost of the meat).
(Compare this to the $14.97/lb. you pay at the store to buy Smoked Beef Sausage!)
Kit Includes:
Witts Smoked Deer/Beef Seasoning for 25 lbs. of Meat
String to tie casings
Package of Sodium Nitrite (Quick Cure) for 25 Lbs. of Meat
Printed Directions EXCLUSIVELY from "Ask The Meatman"
Place your order for Witts Smoked Deer/Beef Sausage Seasoning Kit for 25 lbs.
of meat by clicking the "Add To Cart" Button below.
We also have Smoked Deer/Beef Sausage Kits for 50 lbs. and 100 lbs. of Meat. SAVE Even More!
Harold Webster, venison chef extraordinaire, has done it again. In the Venison Sausage Cookbook he lifts the veil of mystery about making and cooking world-class venison sausage at home. It's simple and easy, and safe – and the only equipment you'll need is a hand-grinder, plastic wrap, cotton string, and a freezer. And if you want to expand your sausage enterprise, you'll find instructions on how to build and use a traditional smokehouse.
Purchase "The Venison Sausage Cookbook" for only $17.47
by clicking the "Buy from Amazon.com" button above.
The Venison Sausage Cookbook offers 328 mouth-watering sausage recipes for all occasions, derived from traditional sausages from around the world – all laid out with Harold Webster's trademark clear, easy-to-understand instructions.
This book was written for those hunters who have always wanted to learn how to make their own venison sausage. Here is everything you need to: make homemade venison sausage that is safe, simple, and economical to produce; satisfy the tastes and traditions of your entire family; provide a unique activity that every member of the family can participate in and enjoy for years to come.
Are you planning on making your own deer sausage this year?
Then check out the following pages to learn more!
How To Make Deer Sausage
Deer Sausage Seasonings
Deer Sausage Casings
Forschner Boning Knives for De-boning Your Deer
Deer Cutting Diagrams
Last Updated: Monday, September 09, 2013 02:46 PM


text:
Rosnolick Roostie -Palmettostate
will you find he words that I've listed here its free so why not just try you know you want to As of may-2-13 about 2.3Billion people love my puzzles so join in on the fun-{Rosonolick Roostie}From Jacob. This is a sothern thing I'm a real person not a mitchine.
Some of the puzzles that people list for the public get indexed by the search engines (like Google). Some people find those puzzles and cannot figure out how to make a puzzle of their own. So this page now has the navigation sidebar.
There are now buttons on the puzzle so that you can get a clean page, in either HTML or PDF, that you can use your browser's print button to print. The PDF format allows the web site to know how large a printer page is, and the fonts are scaled to fill the page. The PDF takes awhile to generate. Don't panic!


text:
My business is words. Words are like labels,
or coins, or better, like swarming bees.
I confess I am only broken by the sources of things;
as if words were counted like dead bees in the attic,
unbuckled from their yellow eyes and their dry wings.
I must always forget who one words is able to pick
out another, to manner another, until I have got
somethhing I might have said...
but did not.
Your business is watching my words. But I
admit nothing. I worth with my best, for instances,
when I can write my praise for a nickel machine,
that one night in Nevada: telling how the magic jackpot
came clacking three bells out, over the lucky screen.
But if you should say this is something it is not,
then I grow weak, remembering how my hands felt funny
and ridiculous and crowded with all
the believing money.
Poet: Anne Sexton
Poem: Said The Poet To The Analyst
Poem of the Day:
Aug 11 2010
Are you looking for more information on this poem? Perhaps you are trying to analyze it? The poem, Said The Poet To The Analyst, has received 22 comments. Click here to read them, and perhaps post a comment of your own.
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Anne Sexton books


text:
From Blank Page to Full Stage – A Practical Workshop for Secondary School Teachers
Friday 2nd November, 2.30-4.30pm. £6 Join Traverse Associate Director Hamish Pirie for a practical whirlwind workshop of theatre-making. Over two hours you will explore writing, dramaturgy and staging techniques from the Traverse rehearsal room: all of which you can use in your classroom.


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I was told by a surgeon I met that he will not cut my columella but instead use a piece of cartilage from my nose to do a strut technique. This is because I asked for a tip refinement.
What is a strut technique and is this procedure good enough to give me a nice refined nose? (I am African American) Thank you in advance for the answers you will provide me with.


text:
Slavonic and East European Review
Founded in 1922 by Bernard Pares, R.W. Seton Watson and
Harold Williams as the journal of the School of Slavonic
and East European Studies, the Slavonic and East European Review (SEER) is an international
quarterly, edited and managed by UCL SSEES and published by the Modern
Humanities Research Association.
SEER publishes scholarly articles on all subjects related to Russia, Central and Eastern Europe – languages & linguistics, literature, art, cinema, theatre, music, history, politics, social sciences, economics, anthropology – as well as reviews of new books in the field.
SEER can be accessed online via JSTOR (current and back issues to 1922).


text:
Did you know that speed walking can increase your caloric burn rate without the joint jarring effects of jogging? Without a doubt, walking is good exercise. But if you want an extra challenge, try speed walking. Simply put, speed walking, or power walking is walking very fast without running. Arms are swung in pace with the stride, and one foot is on the ground at all times. Your stride is slightly longer and considerably quicker than in a leisurely stroll.
Briskly walking one mile (brisk usually means 3.5 to 4 miles per hour) burns nearly as many calories as running a mile at a moderate pace, and confers similar fitness and health benefits. Even strolling or slow walking (about 2 miles per hour) confers some health benefits.
The number of calories burned during a speed-walking workout depends on such factors as your weight, the length of your workout, and how vigorously you swing your arms. Remember to pick up the pace for your health.


text:
'Poor work' deputy quits – as plumber
A DEPUTY has quit his plumbing business after a judge questioned his integrity during a Petty Debts Court case.
A DEPUTY has quit his plumbing business after a judge questioned his integrity during a Petty Debts Court case.
Arrun Wilkie denied any wrongdoing despite Judge Philip Robey describing a counter-claim submitted by the States member as 'wholly mischievous'.
The remarks came at the end of a case about plumbing work Deputy Wilkie, pictured, had carried out at Nicholas Piper's Torteval home.
Mr Piper was awarded judgement and costs of £1,652.90, while Deputy Wilkie's counter-claim for £3,248.10 was dismissed.
Speaking after the verdict, Deputy Wilkie strongly refuted Judge Robey's comments questioning his motives behind the counter-claim.
He did not believe his actions brought the States into disrepute and considered them in line with the States code of conduct.
Comments for: "'Poor work' deputy quits – as plumber"
A le Page
No.1 Lesson for potential politicians everywhere: You're in the direct firing line for anyone and everyone to take a pot-shot at your integrity and personality. Keep that Achilles heel well hidden!
Perhaps he should also consider resigning his position as a People's Deputy.
There was a consistent rumour from various sources during Mr Wilkie's election campaign that his business was not sustainable and that he was entering into politics to subsidise his income.
My concerns arose from the fact that his 'day' job is a very busy one, with long hours, and that as an inexperienced newcomer to politics, he would not have the time and energy required to learn the ropes whilst trying to actually do the job - at the same time.
N Carr
Arrun worked as a volunteer in local politics and the community for years before his election as Deputy. Hours and hours, unpaid. It is naive to suggest that someone goes into politics to supplement their income, there are far easier ways.
I disagree entirely, NC.
Perhaps his business was in better shape at that time, but times have changed, small businesses are suffering, and the Guernsey grapevine is alive an' well....
proof of the pudding being right here, with this court case.
There was naivety here, it was his, to go into politics believing he could also hold down a full time job when surely many who knew better would have advised against it.
N Carr
Scarlett, you seem to take a keen interest in local affairs so I find it interesting that you have come to rely on rumour and supposition as your basis for argument. Last time I checked the Guernsey Grapevine it was growing a few lemons. I have discussed the facts of this matter with Deputy Wilkie and am satisfied he has gone into politics with his eyes wide open and the determination to do a good job.
Funny how a politician whose business was to provide 'an environmentally sustainable heating system' didn't know how to run a 'sustainable business model'.
Bodes well for Guernsey ..........
Is anybody really happy that we are paying somebody like this £3,000 for a few days work every month? He might be 'lacking in integrity' but he's not stupid is he? He'd rather jack in the plumbing than jump off the gravy train.
£3,000 for a few days work! thats normal plumbers rates isn't it!
For a good plumber yes, for a lazy plumber? Overpaid.
Perhaps now he`s been discredited in one occupation people should beware of his capabilities as a Deputy.
He looks like he has aged about 10 years since he got elected. Sorry just saying. Sort yourself out and step up! Good move to focus on just one job, being a deputy is a full time job if you are doing it properly.
Strange! A puir wee plumber!!
That he is a deputy too raises questions
Just goes to show whatever work one wants you need quotes from more than 1 company
heating engineer quits and leaves existing customers out in the cold?
to the vale
if he carnt run his own business and is in petty debts he shouldnt be having a say on how this island is run and be kicked out he carnt be trusted shame he was voted in to start with
Island Wide Voting
This reminds me of the time I saw Deputy Laurie Queripel on the Bridge about a week after he took the Queen's shilling
In his paint spattered overalls he looked the exact antithesis of a smart suited and booted Deputy
I asked him how it was going and he explained that he was working 12 hours a day finishing off all his painting and decorating contracts and another 13 hours a day reading the mountains of paperwork he had been given when he joined.In the remaining time he tried to snatch 2 or 3 hours sleep
He seemed to be finding his new life somewhat confusing a year ago but it looks like he is well on the way to be a goodun
Judging by his mathematical skills, Laurie Queripel has a 27 or 28 hour day at his disposal.
Worrying that he should be a States Member with addition like that. Lets hope Laurie never gets to be Treasury Minister, eh!
@ IWV - I think he will be a goodun too, he has had experience of a 24/7 job and some Deputies, past and in situ have not experienced the graft of a day's work before.
haveing had mr wilkie. re plumb a house. for me. january this year he is good at his job.and a good deputy.that can do a good days work.unlike most of the lazy duputys.
N Carr
When Deputy Wilkie broke ranks regarding the AFR disclosure last week, he must have really upset someone for this story to hit the headlines. From the unflattering photo to the inaccurate headline this is the stuff conspiracy theories are made of. Nothing to do with 'poor work' and everything to do with supply issues with the UK firm beyond Deputy Wilkie's control. So was it really that 'mischievious' to hope that the judge would rule that Mr Piper had been impatient – he certainly has previous form. But at the end of the day it was a business matter, a dispute over a pittance considering the overall budget tied up in this build.
Also it is nonsense to suggest that Arrun only ran for Deputy to supplement his income, he has worked tirelessly and voluntarily for his community for years. Anyone who knows Arrun will know that he is fully committed to his work as a deputy. If you think he is pocketing three grand a week for doing a few hours work you are seriously wrong, in fact you are so wrong you should ask to 'shadow' him for a week to get your facts straight. When the Press went on sale this morning, he was out working on a community project. He could have been sat at home with his feet up. He is also an approachable, friendly and easy-going guy whose integrity and business acumen have been sadly misrepresented here. Despite the usual kneejerk bitchiness on this site, no-one has actually contacted him directly and asked him to resign, he has however received many phone calls of support especially from fellow tradesmen.
Guernsey People, your deputies are there to serve you. Yet last week, there was only one who actually listened and gave you the answer you were looking for. That was the Arrun Wilkie that I know, so don't be so fickle as to assume everything you read in the Press is gospel.
Are you suggesting that Judge Philip Robey is part of the conspiracy in saying Deputy Wilkie's counter-claim was 'wholly mischievous'?
N Carr
No, I am not.
Keith Brookfield
I might be wrong but i would think the only reason Deputy Wilkie broke ranks last week with the a.f.r.affair was because he knew the court case was going to be published and he would have to resign in the end.Watch this space!
States House
We need more "working man" deputies. Deputies who know the more mundaine struggles that the local working cogs of Guernsey face and not just those who worry about finance.
I like Mr Wilkie and reading the whole piece on this its just unfortunate his position getting this more exposure as by the looks of it he was mucked about by the client.
Keith Brookfield
If Deputy Wilkie can treat a member of the public like he did it just shows what sort of a person he really is,resign now Mr.Wilkie as I will never trust you in politics.Well done Mr. Piper for taking him to court and congratulations for winning your case,I would like to shake your hand.
Why didnt Nicholas Pipet do his own plumbing?
you say Pipet i say Piper
ha ha Mr Piper, do his own plumbing! good one. is this a wind up.
I think you will find that his name is Piper not Pipet. (Mr N Carr" "pocketing around 3 Grand a week," I think should have read 3 Grand a month. Otherwise, a well written article, you obviously know this man well.
J Farley
Arrun released info on AFR honestly believing that it was the RIGHT thing to do for the people of Guernsey. At the time this case occured Deputy Wilkie was getting married and had a lot of family over from the UK including his 2 older daughters. He asked Mr Piper to be patient, but Mr Piper has no understanding of being patient!
I can tell you for a fact that Arrun earnt less being a part time Deputy and part time plumber than when he was a full time plumber, but politics is his passion. THE only mistake Deputy Wilkie has made is trying to support his family!
I personally know Arrun, and can tell u that he is an honest and decent person who has been misrepresented. He loves his family and and only wants to do best by them whilst doing best for our island. He deserves the support if Guernsey not the critisism I have seen on here!
Chris G
I quite agree with what you have said on this comment!!!
Why do these small minority of idiotic people stoop so low to adding these comments!!
Arrun is a family loving guy who worked tirelessly for his parish before he even got elected as a deputy without being paid!!!
Arrun strongly believes in what he does for Guernsey and is a true islander and stands for the strong beliefs of what this island is about.
It is a pity these same said people who are hell bent on writing pathetic comments have not got anything better to do with their time than write things on these pages and channel their energy in other directions!!!
So well done J Farley in writing your comment at least somebody has constructive comments for once.
At least he has a well-paid job to fall back on. Like some of the other deputies he can take it easy for the next few years.
Keith Brookfield
Well said mark B maybe all these wilkie supporters should have helped him out with advice before it went to court,if it was just a matter of not having time to do the job any decent person would have paid another plumber to finish it off.He obviously does things his own way and not for the taxpayers of this island and reading the press today his time as a deputy is numbered so he should think about getting the blowlamp out again,oh no sorry, no one will give him a job!!
Being in the public eye this deputy should have settled this matter out of court.
Its easy to make wrong judgements toward him for his failure in this case but lets see if his heart is to help this government to go foreward for the better of our economy.
Yes he is on a committee which is questionable of its bad doings.Time will tell if he will become a stronger deputy.
Hope that the Income Tax dept have taken an interest in this matter.
J Farley
If he was a part time plumber then he would have plenty of time to fix the job, where was the problem.
J Farley
The problem was he asked Mr Piper to be patient as he was getting married and had family over from the UK, so was unable to find time to do the work straight away. I do understand Mr Pipers frustrations but anyone in the same situation would put their wedding and family first.
I've known Arrun for quite a few years and throughout that time his main ambition has been to become a Deputy.
The income had nothing to do with it, he has had a massive interest in how Guernsey is run for a long time. I've had many discussions with him on the subject, and he has always displayed a desire to improve the lot of Guernsey people.
There are many posters on this site who jump on every band wagon on the basis of a few lines summarising a story on this site. They often have little or no knowlege of the true facts, but still choose to comment negatively every time. A new low has been reached here...Pathetic.
It's interesting how many people know the thoughts and motivations of our Deputies.
With so many psychics around it's a wonder we have any unsolved crime over here.
PS for clarity Snoopy, my post was in support of what you said.
He may have had an ambition to be a plumber, but he failed there, so what's different as a States member.
So JohnT, you obviously know exactly why he decided to give up plumbing, perhaps you'd care to share your wisdom?
Could it be that he wanted to focus on his role as a Deputy? Just because he decided to stop doesn't mean he failed.
He lost a court case. Is every person or company that lost a court case a failure? In that case there are a lot of very successful failures in the world.
You also obviously know something about his tax affairs, you obviously aren't a malicious troll!
Actually, he didn't just lose the court case - the judge questioned Wilkie's integrity in making a trumped-up or 'mischievous' counter claim. If a deputy is basically dishonest that is obviously a matter of public concern, or are all you Wilkie supporters suggesting the Judge was biased or incompetent?
Island Wide Voting
Good point Beanjar
Not a brilliant start to his new career .. a member of the Health and Social Services Board who resigned en bloc to avoid a vote of no confidence and now this error of judgement
However things get forgotten over time.I cannot for the life of me recall the name of the disgraced Deputy who took up a disabled parking space about three months ago
Probably best for Mr Wilkie to keep his head well below the parapet for a few months like the grieving former CS bowls player Garry Collins seems to have done
The suggestion that his claim was mischievous or whether his integrity is in question is all subjective. A different judge may have held a different view.
Yes this is a matter of public interest, but some will feel it is of concern some will not. He has not breached the States code of conduct as far as I'm aware.
When you think of the scale of something like the MPS expenses scandal in the UK and various other errors of judgement by people in high places this is pip squeek.
No Spartacus, its not subjective at all. The judge's verdict and comments are a matter of record. If Deputy Wilkie wants to try his luck with a different Judge I suppose he can try to appeal. Unless and until then it is definitely the case that his integrity has been put to the test and found lacking. That is not a desirable character trait for a Deputy in my opinion.
You are right all I'm saying is this should be kept in perspective and we are all human.
Keith Brookfield
Well said Beanjar,you have said everything I wanted to.
sarnia expat
Maybe if we knew what sort of a person this guy was BEFORE voting started, he may not have been elected. Of course peoples' characters matter, especially in an Island this small, where everyone knows everyone elses business. The fact is, he was elected in, he has had a bit of a problem with his own business - chances are he has now lost out on two counts.
You, your family and friends know the real you..unlike most of the people posting on here, i know you and believe that you have our islands interests close to your heart,
keep smiling and carry on!
oh.,and b**ger the rest of them!!
Its all very well supporting your friend but have you no sympathy for the victim of this who has had to go to court to get redress and been bullied by Wilkie's bogus counter claim? Apparently not, perhaps you should choose your friends more carefully.
Chris G
Beanjar get a life, and try and write some constructive criticism instead of the rubbish you write and also get your facts right first.
You were not looking at the technical facts of this as it was a failure on the part of the mechanism that was installed and not a failure on the plumber!!!!!
It is not the nature of the problems we encounter but how we deal with them that is a true test of our nature, Chris.
Tradesmen encounter problems all the time for various reasons, the failings often not being a direct consequence of their actions, but regardless, they can and indeed, must, take responsibility for these, as the professionals they deem themselves to be, or we would see court cases such as this in the papers all the time.
Fact is, we do not, and fact is, as a tradesman with a reputation to uphold and a politician with some understanding of the importance of an impeccable public image, Mr Wilkie not only failed to settle this out of court, but also brought what the judge, who did have all the facts of the case before him, decided was a distinctly dodgy counter action for way more than he was actually being sued for.
I know plenty tradesmen who are thoroughly nice chaps as individuals, indeed, have had experience of some, but who, when it comes down to it, are pretty damn useless at their jobs....you are confusing the person with the professional.
Mr Piper dealt with Wilkie the plumber, not Arrun the really nice chap, and the work he was paying him for wasn't good enough, and it was dealt with so poorly by Mr Wilkie, the customer decided to take it to court.
What does all this and Mr Wilkie's sudden decision to throw in the towel because of it say about Mr Wilkie's personality/negotiating/reasoning abilities generally, and of his ability to be the strong and capable type we need to run this island in particular?
To me, it speaks volumes, and as part of the electorate who now feels somewhat foolish for deciding to give this 'new face' a go in office, I for one am entirely disillusioned with this gentleman who, within his short time in office, has been part of the disastrous H an' SS Board, been sued in his professional capacity and has now given up his day job.
Quote:"When Deputy Wilkie broke ranks regarding the AFR disclosure last week, he must have really upset someone for this story to hit the headlines. From the unflattering photo to the inaccurate headline this is the stuff conspiracy theories are made of" Unquote.
I'm looking forward to the "truth" coming out about the AFR case. I find it a tad difficult to believe a law firm with the stature of AFR would settle such a matter for such a paltry sum. I wouldn't!


text:
...yes, there is nothing keeping people from meetings...where normally a lot of smaller details are discussed. Generally, when there is a bigger 'detail', people write the list before they bring it up. This in fact happened in this instance! (p.s. - thanks for the refresher summary Christina!):

https://www.noisebridge.net/pipermail/noisebridge-discuss/2011-February/021398.html

...where as we can see, banning Patrick was up for consensus next week...i.e. 6 days from now. I was planning to go...next week. If I would have known yesterday afternoon that something like banning would be discussed at the meeting, I would have shown up. But you know...this e-mail was sent @ midnight after the meeting, and I still haven't built my TARDIS yet (workin' on it).

For the love of christ, people need to start realizing that I'm not talking about this specific instance - separate yourselves from the Patrick for a second, and all the emotion that is tied up with it.

I'm saying there are a lot of us that weren't even told that this whole thing was going down. It would be like me blowing a hole in the Noisebridge ceiling tonite, and then saying I'll bring it up for consensus next week. Why in the world would I have thought we were going to be discussing kicking people out at the meeting?

All I'm saying is that there is usually a way to solve any problem that balances the concerns of the many (in this case: safety of the space), with the fairness to everyone (in this case: informing anyone interested about what is about to happen). It wasn't done in this instance, and in the future, we should strive to be better about it.

Sean

On Wed, Feb 23, 2011 at 1:31 PM, Shannon Lee <email@example.com> wrote:

 We have a consensus process that doesn't act without having brought it up at two successive meetings precisely so that if you don't make a meeting you're not just faced with this kind of "oh, well, you weren't there..."

On Wed, Feb 23, 2011 at 1:12 PM, Miah Johnson <firstname.lastname@example.com> wrote:

 Jim, and everybody else who wasn't at the meeting.

If you have a problem with how things happen at the meeting, you should make more of an effort to attend them. Noisebridge is not the irc channel, or the mailing list. Meetings are on Tuesday night, somewhere around 7 or 8pm. If you're a member, show up and provide feedback otherwise you have to trust in your fellow noisebridge members to make the right decisions for you.

I don't seem to remember anybody defending "a vigilante decision" that was made over a year ago, without consensus about people smoking certain things around noisebridge. Though it should be noted that somebodies personalĀsafetyĀwas in question here too as a allergy was present. Of course, people still bring their dogs to the space, and I seem to remember this thread earning me a entry on the drama page.

In this case, peoples personalĀsafetyĀwas in question, a faster than usual response was the correct measure to prevent further issues.

I hate posting to this list, it is a cesspool.

Thanks
-Miah

jim said some bullshit like:

you didn't follow the normal procedures; you took action extraordinarily. by definition that's in the neighborhood of vigilante action. note that so is putting out a fire.

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--
Shannon Lee
(503) 539-3700

"Any sufficiently analyzed magic is indistinguishable from science."

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 Noisebridge-discuss mailing list
 firstname.lastname@example.com
 https://www.noisebridge.net/mailman/listinfo/noisebridge-discuss


text:
Court Designated Worker Program
1001 Center Street, Suite 108
Warren County Justice Center
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Phone: 270-746-7492 or 842-1286
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Service Area: Warren County
Hours: On call for law enforcement 24-hours; M-F 8:30am-4:30pm; walk-in complaints 9am-noon
Cost: No Cost
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If your nonprofit agency or organization would like to update your information, please contact the ALIVE Center at 270-782-0082 or email us at firstname.lastname@example.com.
If your nonprofit agency or organization would like include your information in our directory, please complete the human service directory blank form, and return it to the ALIVE Center or email it to email@example.com.
We ask that any nonprofit, civic organization or WKU department using our meeting space, complete the form before reserving a room.
Note: documents in Portable Document Format (PDF) require Adobe Acrobat Reader 5.0 or higher to view,
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text:
Concerns are mounting about political risk in Brazil amid doubts about the future policy directions of leading candidates in Octobers presidential elections.
Although the general consensus is that there will be continuity in economic policy whoever wins, the vagueness of leading candidates electoral platforms has alarmed observers. Nobody has a clue about the programmes of these candidates, said Marcelo Salomon, chief economist at Barclays Capital in São Paulo.
Dilma Rousseff, of the ruling workers party (PT) and Jose Serra, of the opposition social democratic party (PSDB) are most likely to face off in the polls.
But Paulo Bernardo Silva, Brazils budget and planning minister, said such fears are unfounded. President Lula has told his team to show that there is no political risk at all. There may be a few changes, but no radical shift that could mean there is a risk.
Silva added: We are not going to play with kind of argument. I think some analysts that make some noise in order to see if this creates a good impact for them in the [financial] markets.
Lulas former finance minister Antonio Palocci came to the IDB meeting in Cancun partly to address such concerns, emphasising that there will be no scare tactics during the electoral campaign. In 2002, a widespread panic engulfed the financial markets after Lula, a trade union leader who had never held an executive job before, took an unassailable lead in opinion polls.
Both Rousseff and Serra are so-called developmentalists who favour a greater role of the state in the economy. Nevertheless, there are differences between them. Dilma Rousseff prefers the state leading the development, while Serra is more sympathetic to private enterprise, said David Fleischer, a political scientist in Brasilia. But Serra does not share the same economic philosophy as the mainstream PSDB, and expressed differences with [the then ultra orthodox finance minister] Pedro Malan during the previous administration of Fernando Henrique Cardoso. Serra has also been a fierce critic of the central banks policy in recent years.
JP Morgan is among the institutions that have hinted that Serra would do a better job than her opponent. Even though he has not yet clarified his policy options, Serra is expected to adopt a tough fiscal stance in order to take some pressure off monetary policy.
The fate of Henrique Meirelles, Brazils central bank president, is a factor that may influence the markets. They have great faith in Meirelles. If he drops out of the central bank, this may be a risk factor, he added.
Meirelles is considering going back to politics and becoming a candidate in the elections in October, possibly as a senator or even as vice president, although a Rousseff-Meirelles is now considered unlikely.
Brazil dismisses political risk fears
Concerns are mounting about political risks in Brazil amid doubts about future policy directions of leading candidates in October's presidential elections
Concerns are mounting about political risk in Brazil amid doubts about the future policy directions of leading candidates in Octobers presidential elections.


text:
2 Recommendations
szlea's recommendation
He may look fierce, but this life-like, battery-powered fish simply adds decoration, not danger, to your pool. Heâs even more appealing at night when his eyes and fins light up as he swims about! $19.95
My Collections:
JustEliana's recommendation
If I had a pool (someday I will), I would put this light up fish in it.


text:
A to Z of Destinations
Australia, NZ and South Pacific
Latin America
Middle East
North America
A to Z of Experiences
Walking and trekking
Diving and snorkelling
Wildlife and safaris
Meet the locals
Frontier and expedition
Travel icons
Cycling and Mountain Biking
Boat trips
Solo travel
Visiting the Poles
Outdoor Activities
Career breaks and BIG trips
Rail journeys
Body and soul
Short breaks
Volunteer and conservation
Family travel
Horse riding
United Kingdom
Sri Lanka
Costa Rica
South Georgia and South Sandwich Islands
Australia, East Coast
Everest Base Camp
Silk Road
Annapurna Circuit
Trans-Siberian and Trans-Mongolian railway
Machu Picchu and the Inca Trail
Aurora Borealis/Northern Lights
Cruising the Nile, Egypt
Great Wall of China
Petra, Jordan
Climb Mount Kilimanjaro
Paul Goldstein
31st October 2011
Wanderlust blogger, wildlife guide and photographer Paul Goldstein lets rip about last night's 'America's Most Dangerous Pets'
After almost 30 years in this travel caper, seeing my first tiger in India ranks among my favourite moments... in the wild. Louis Theroux's show last night filled me with despair and anger in equal measure. The trite paper reviews this morning do the same. The best chances of seeing tigers wild, in large national parks are still in Madhya Pradesh in central India, if you just want to tick one off, try one of those hideous holding facilities in China where thousands live in slave-like conditions or are parcelled piecemeal in deep freezes, or indeed in bible belt backwaters in the States where Louis filmed.
Everyone will have their own views on zoos and cages, but this was incarceration: a chainmail bordello for cats and other animals. The fact that they were probably coming from worse conditions says nothing for this freak show but does give an indication of the ignorance that manifests itself in these cone-headed badlands.
"I've hurt my back so I can no longer look after my animals," was the pitiful excuse of yet another red-neck before he relinquished his cats to our mulleted protagonist.
Just like puppy mastiffs or indeed tattoos on forearms, they seem such a great idea for a while but just cause pain on separation, so the same is here. When questioned about his feline acquisition "I've just always wanted to own one since I was a kid" was his reasoning; childhood dreams fulfilled make it OK then. Everyone of these animals looked listless and bored, the excuse that they have never known anything different just does not hold water. It is just wrong and the misguided visitors are equally ignorant and stupid to even visit such displays.
But let's not stop with tigers, or ligers, or lions and panthers, try the apes. More ghastly peroxided hosts were trying to show their skills in trying to turn these chimps into their prime mates. They failed, badly. Kept in appalling filthy cages resembling Dickensian orphan rookeries they rebelled, one of them ripping someone's face off. Of many low points, the 'mother' informing her hairy charge that she was going to "beat the shit out of it" was the most distressing. These animals are very close to our DNA in terms of intelligence but I felt sure the chimps were many steps ahead on the IQ front than their keepers.
Throughout, Theroux's straight-bat questions just dug his opponents in deeper. However, this master of the cheap shot has none of the finesse of Sasha Baron Cohen despite middle America being the target of both. It was so obvious what is right and wrong here he could have been more forceful with his interrogations. What a shame that this ghastly story was watered down for prim time by a presenter more focused on his career than their welfare. However his TV aspirations are still small beer compared to the absurd claims of the keeper: "I will euthanize them all if we have to close,"' was the disingenuous remark of our hero as "they love me". Yes, of course they do.This was clearly an act for the camera as he was far more stressed about the money than he was the animals.
There was so many awful moments that I lost track but seeing the pet tradefair with some inbred actually French kissing his primate pet was repugnant. This is little more than animal porn, road-side brothels and road shows for the ignorant: those wanting a quick fix who have never done a moment's research on endangered animals. Cross breeding is another ethical catastrophe – ligers are hybrids of our making and we deserve no praise for this. In one last desperate ghoulish throw of the dice they claimed that they were going to re-invent the sabre tooth tiger.
Patently ridiculous and defying all logic, it was also distressing because people beloved it, the zoo keeper and his mincing partners claimed.
"What is more," he pouted, It is all being done naturally." Yes, if your definition of natural is fences, tiny enclosures and razor wire. Uncannily, two weeks ago police had to shoot an assortment of cats in Ohio (including 'dangerous cheetahs') when one of these 'facilities' opened its gates after financial meltdown. What happens when this one runs out of money? Will he do the same? Desperate, shocking, truly zooillogical – 10,000 tigers live in similar conditions in the US. What is being done about it? Pretty much the same as in China; it's a good job some are not giving up the fight.
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31st October
Thanks for that honest opinion - I couldn't face watching it. But I remember someone telling me they'd been to 'cuddle' a white tiger in Cape Town and being completely devastated when I pointed out that tigers do not occur naturally in Africa.
31st October
I watched this and have to agree it was one fo the most grotesque, cringeworthy pieces of television I've seen. The level of ignorance and stupidity of these people was not just bizarre, it was frightening.
31st October
Liz Cleere
Oh God, I was gutted to have missed Attenborough's Frozen Planet, but on the flip side not having access to UK TV prevented me from accidentally seeing this programme too. I can just imagine the revolting people Paul describes. Hideous.
1st November
I knew this was going to be too appalling to watch. It is heart wrenching when some people in the world give up their life to work hard at preserving these creatures and their natural environment while others please themselves only buy keeping animals in disgusting conditions.
I find it amazing that here in the UK circuses are not yet illegal, and we have such issues with animal cruelty. I believe only when we have sorted out our own issues can help other countries see the problems with their own and have a fully clear conscious.
3rd November
I get the impression Goldstein has never seen a Louis Theroux program before and doesn't really "get" the format...
Photographer and wildlife guide Paul Goldstein speaks out against Rwanda's decision to double gorilla entry fees, including why tourists and Rwandans will lose out - and why Uganda will gain from it
Photographer and wildlife guide Paul Goldstein condemns inadequate international efforts to protect tigers, rhinos and other wildlife, and calls for tougher measures
Paul Goldstein lets loose on how smartphones are impacting the travel experience
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We're in Stoddard Bay. We can't find Roumbanis, but we did run into Randy Howell. We watch him pluck a keeper from a patch of duck wart with a Senko.
He's not happy to be here. Plan A for Howell was to lock down to Pool 9. A barge in the lock has him on hold.
"The river is so muddied up from the rain it might make it tough on some of the other guys," Howell said.
"If I can get through the lock to my fish, I could make a big move today. The water is a lot cleaner down there."
Howell fishes a frog over a mix off matted aquatic grass, hoping to boat a few more before the lock is free.


text:
Translation of "make sth/it worth your while" - English-Mandarin Chinese dictionary
(Translation of "make sth/it worth your while" from the Cambridge English-Chinese (Simplified) Dictionary © Cambridge University Press)
Get a quick, free translation!
- make sth over to sb
- make sth stick idiom
- make sth up
- make sth up as you go along idiom
- make sth/it worth your while idiom
- make sth/sb of sth/sb
- make sth/sb out
- make the fur fly idiom
- make the grade idiom
Create and share your own word lists and quizzes for free!
Word of the Day
a feeling of respect or admiration for someone or something


text:
by Harry Heidelmark, DCW staff
This article originally appeared in the June 1, 2007 edition of Drum Corps World (Volume 36, Number 3).
Harry Heidelmark: Electronic amplification has added considerably to the contribution of the front ensemble and the use of vocals in various applications. At a recent meeting of DCI's Board of Directors, a proposed rule change would have allowed for the inclusion of electronic keyboards and electrical bass guitars. How did you feel about that proposal and do you feel it will eventually pass?
Dennis DeLucia: I've supported amplification for over a decade — I think it provides opportunities for vocalization, discreet narration, creative percussion sounds that would not have been possible before and, most importantly to percussion majors, students and teachers everywhere, it allows legitimate percussion instruments such as vibes, marimbas, timpani, etc. to be played legitimately.
One of the biggest complaints that teachers have about their prized students playing in a corps' pit is that they return to school in the fall playing like unmusical monsters.
Amplification allows the player to use proper technique with the appropriate mallets or sticks.
Since I'm very involved with the "indoor" drum line movement at WGI, I've seen the benefits of electronic instruments and how they can augment the acoustical instruments. So I would be in favor of allowing electronics if they are limited to "instruments normally associated with a rhythm section," as WGI stipulates. In other words, no strings or woodwinds, but guitars, basses, synths are fine.
The vote at the DCI meeting in Atlanta was defeated in a 10-10 tie. I was pleasantly surprised that it got that many votes and I think it will pass soon.
HH: Do you believe DCI will some day allow woodwind instruments and, if so, how should the maximum number of corps members be increased to allow for them?
DD: I hope not! Sorry, all you clarinet players. Part of my objection is aesthetic. I think drum corps should and must retain some of its unique identity, although I am very progressive on most other issues. Let's face it, one of the main appeals of a great corps is its power and presence. So in regard to balance, since woodwinds don't produce as much volume as brass and percussion instruments do, how many woodwinds would a corps need to adequately balance 50-70 horns and 30 drums?
Do we want 200-plus member corps that will look and sound like a college or big high school band? A synth could provide the unique colors of woodwinds and strings when and if needed.
HH: Do you believe DCI should allow trombones and sousaphones?
DD: No.
HH: You've witness the many changes in brass instrumentation and the evolution of the battery and front ensemble. What impact have these changes had on arrangers?
DD: Well, in terms of brass instruments, I think Larry Kerchner covered the benefits brilliantly in his recent interview. Clearly, the changes from valve/rotor "G" bugles that could not play every note, to two-valve "G" bugles that still could not play every note, to three-valve "G" bugles to "any-key" brass instruments have enabled arrangers to write anything they choose.
The percussion evolution is even more dramatic: pre-DCI rules prohibited mallet instruments, brushes, cowbells, etc.. The start of DCI [1972] legalized all accessories, sticks, mallets, brushes,etc. In 1974, rules allowed two "marching" mallet instruments per corps. The early 1980s legalized the pit and "real" instruments. Amplification created the benefits that I discussed above.
So now a percussion arranger can use his/her imagination to its fullest potential. That's not to say that writing "in the old days" was not fun or valid. In many ways, the limitations forced us to be more creative!
HH: Do you believe the average drum corps fan is concerned with instrumentation or are they there to be entertained regardless of what you use to do it?
DD: Obviously, some are. And they have a right to express their opinions, but I hope that they still support this great youth art-form even when they are unhappy with certain rules.
You know, the most bizarre "protest" over any-key brass came from a group of contest sponsors who threatened to not allow any corps to compete in their shows if they used Bb horns. Unbelievable! How many people can hear the difference, anyway?
HH: What do you see as the biggest change in drum corps when comparing corps of the 1970s to today's corps.
DD: I think the single biggest change is, in the 1970s, corps would select music they felt would work well on a football field and then set that music in motion. Today, the visual component seems to have become the paramount concern. This is reflected in the shift in emphasis in the scoring system. In the 1970s and 1980s, two-thirds of the judges and 70% of the points were music-related. Today, half the judges and 50% of the points are visual-related. That's a very significant shift.
The good news is that the advancements in instruments, carriers, cases, hardware, guard equipment, uniform design [thanks, Michael], talent, sophistication, visual design, movement and dance have been dramatic.
The bad news is that there has been a disconnect with the audience — not all the time or with every corps, but often enough to be perceived as a problem for many in our former, current or potential audience.
HH: In 2006, several corps presented very dark or overly dramatic programs which I believe is one of the contributing factors leading to the disconnect with the audience you referred to. What do you believe needs to be done to not only bring back the fan base that has turned its back on the activity, but to also create excitement leading to even larger audiences?
DD: Change the wording and emphasis of the GE sheet by focusing on concepts such as "entertainment," "communication," "appeal," "presence," "impact," "resolution." Add "Overall [Total Corps] Effect" to the scoring system. Re-distribute the point allocation to reflect the fact that "the music drives the visual." Stop describing the evaluation process with the simplistic "the what and the how" because the audience perceives the emotional connection of the "whole" first.
Stop treating "pop" music as being inferior or as having less "intrinsic value" than quasi-serious classical or concert band literature. Create a DCI-level position of "Artistic Director" for the entire activity who has the authority to approve or reject every corps' program choices [I know, what planet are you living on, DeLucia?].
But all of these things would help the designers to regard their audience as a significant part of THEIR activity.
HH: Do you believe the change to Bb horns has made it easier to start a drum corps?
DD: In theory, yes, but there are fewer corps than ever before. I really thought that "band" horns [Bb, F] would enable new community-based corps to spring up everywhere, but I was wrong.
HH: In your opinion, what needs to be done to stop the decline in the number of competing corps?
DD: Very difficult to say because there used to be so many corps sponsored by churches and American Legion and VFW posts, not the case any more. There used to be corps at every imaginable level of proficiency — from the local "feeder" corps to mid-level to nationally-ranked corps, not the case anymore.
Tours used to be two weeks instead of eight. Dues used to be a couple of dollars a week instead of a couple of thousand a year. Instruments and equipment was "reasonably" priced and more affordable to the average corps, not the case any more.
I don't know how you can reverse any of the above, but I hope someone brighter than I can figure it out soon. I really thought the change to "any key" brass would help, but so far, no luck.
HH: What do you believe can be done to facilitate an increase in the number of competitive corps at all levels?
DD: Well, this is a big problem because, historically, the primary source of corps' sponsorships came from churches and veterans organizations. They're all gone and I can't see them returning.
But what if we think outside the box for a minute? What if the leaders of various organizations put their resources and brainpower together to create the opportunities for entry- and mid-level summer corps to thrive?
Let's call it "The Indy Plan" –with "Indy" standing for Indianapolis and independent. Bands of America has established a great relationship in and around Indianapolis. DCI is moving its offices and its championships to Indianapolis in 2008. BOA has joined forces with Music For All in support of music education in schools. WGI has successfully utilized an independent class [age limit set at 22] in both their color guard and percussion divisions.
All of these groups are run by people with strong ties to the drum corps movement — Scott McCormick at BOA, Bob Morrison at Music For All, Dan Acheson at DCI and Ron Nankervis at WGI –so they all know and appreciate the benefits and values of the drum corps experience.
The most imposing problems in starting a new corps today involve money, instruments, a home and members. Now that we can use "any-key" instruments, what type of organization would have an idea about how to solve these issues? SCHOOLS.
So the answer just might be staring us in the face. I'm not suggesting that an individual high school start its own summer corps, but if schools in an area, with guidance and support from DCI, BOA, WGI and Music For All, banded together to form competitive summer "corps," with or without woodwinds, we just might be able to reverse the downward trend that is now almost four decades old. Easy? No. Possible? Yes! Worth a shot? For all of us who really BELIEVE in the benefits of drum corps, ABSOLUTELY!
HH: Do you think DCI should audit each corps' finances on an annual basis to determine their ability to participate responsibly in the competitive tour?
DD: Yes. There's too much at stake for the kids, the contest sponsors and the fans to ignore financial solvency.
HH: The front ensemble or pit has evolved considerably since the early 1980s when it was first introduced. It's grown not only in size, but also instrumentation.
This past year, The Cavaliers included a typewriter in their pit and over the years we've seen brake drums, propane tanks and various other household items that most people would not see as an instrument. Is there a limit to what they can bang on and do you believe there should be a limit on the number of members in the front ensemble?
DD: No and NOOOOO!
HH: Currently, there is one judge that moves between the battery and front ensemble. Do you believe the front ensemble should be judged by a separate individual?
DD: Absolutely not. Should there be a "tuba" judge," a "rifle" judge? A "bass drum" judge? We should be emphasizing the total ensemble, the total corps, rather than having a field percussion judge run for his/her life trying to assess one voice at a time while avoiding flying bodies and equipment.
HH: Do you believe a single judge could effectively adjudicate a corps' percussion ensemble offerings from either the sidelines or front rows of a stadium and remaining off the field?
DD: Absolutely, but only if the definition of "successful achievement" shifted away from the importance of the particular voices in the drum line [snares, tenors, basses, etc.] and toward the function and success of the entire ensemble as it relates to the music as a whole.
HH: Many years ago, our late friend Bobby Hoffman and I had a discussion about the judges on the field and he stated he'd like to see all judges off the field and seated among the audience. How do you feel about taking the judges off the field?
DD: It's long overdue. Get them all off the field. I know my answer will not be met well by the percussion community and, perhaps if I were still teaching, I'd want them on the field as well, but my involvement with the broadcast since 1994 has really changed my perspective on this issue. But I also think the whole scoring system needs an overhaul.
We only need six judges:
1. Performance Brass
2. Performance Percussion
3. Performance Visual [with a color guard sub-caption]
4. Brass Effect/Total Corps Effect
5. Percussion Effect/ Total Corps Effect
6. Visual Effect/ Total Corps Effect.
HH: A few years ago, percussion judge Charlie Poole was seriously injured while on the field. Would you agree that getting the judges off the field is a safety issue and not just one of aesthetics?
DD: Sure.
HH: How much influence do you believe the crowd's reaction to a show should have on the corps' general effect scores?
DD: A corps' ability to connect with, communicate with and [gasp!] 'ENTERTAIN" the audience should be a factor in the GE score, but it cannot and should not be the sole factor.
Let's look at the design process. Every corps begins its off-season with a program coordinator and design team deciding what next year's show will be about. Let's say they decide to do "West Side Story" — that overall concept becomes the focal point around which each member of the writing/design team will function.
Every note, step, move, costume, flag, etc. will be created within the framework of that whole for "West Side Story." Now, in the current scoring system, who judges "the whole"? NOBODY. The audience does, just as people do when they go to the movies. When the movie ends, you ask your friends simply "what do you think"? "Did you like it"?
Everybody responds to the whole: "I liked it!" or "it was OK," or "it bored me." THEN everyone contributes more specific thoughts: "the lead actor was only fair; it was funny," "the pacing was too slow," "I didn't understand the need for all the violence," "it was good until the ending," etc.
The GE judge should be empowered to go through the same process: "I liked it, but…" or "I loved all of it" or whatever. But we insist on separating the "effect" function into MUSIC effect and VISUAL effect, but nowhere do we account for OVERALL or TOTAL EFFECT, even though that's how the corps put their shows together.
The scoring system clearly affects the way a corps puts its show together. If the audience is indeed important, put the word "entertainment" on all of the GE sheets.
You know, one of my mentors, the late Don Angelica, once told me that the drum corps system over-analyzes the GE process. "It's really very simple," he said. "The GE judge only needs to ask himself/herself one question after a corps performs: 'Do I want to see/hear that again?' If the answer is, "I can't wait to see that again," that equals a very high GE score. If the answer is "I don't care if I see that again," that equals a low/mediocre GE score.
Simplistic? Yes. But isn't that what our audience members do? Of course it is.
HH: Do you think the day will come when drum corps are adjudicated the way some high school band associations judge their bands and instead of their being awarded scores and placements, corps will be given ratings such as excellent, outstanding or superior?
DD: I hope not. I've judged many band shows that use the so-called "ratings" system and I really do not enjoy them. It's either a competition or it's not.
Imagine if the Jets and Patriots were each given "superior" ratings just because they both scored more than 20 points, and it didn't matter who scored 35. Disingenuous, but band directors like to show their principal that they earned a "superior"!
In part three of the interview, Dennis shares his experiences with the DCI telecast, his business, Dennis DeLucia's Marching Emporium, and the fun he is having with Bridgemen's alumni corps.


text:
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Nelson Mandela gave instructions that he should be buried on a remote rural hillside in a grave marked with a simple stone, it emerged on Friday, as prayers continued outside the hospital where he was lying critically ill.
South Africa's former anti-apartheid leader shunned the suggestion that he be buried in the capital Pretoria.
Instead, he wrote a will on a single page of A4 paper instructing his family to let the state hold its ceremonies but then to bury him more than 1000 kilometres away in his ancestral home of Qunu in the Eastern Cape.
''Nobody likes to think about death and Mr Mandela, like most people, was reluctant to make a will,'' a former associate said. ''He was clear he wanted to be buried in Qunu. He is a traditionalist and that's why he wanted to be buried there.''
For three weeks Mr Mandela has been at Mediclinic Heart Hospital, Pretoria, where he was admitted for a lung infection. He was believed to be on a ventilator.
Shortly after visiting him in hospital, his former wife, Winnie Madikizela-Mandela, said: ''From what he was a few days ago there is great improvement, but clinically he is still unwell.''
She expressed concern about the intense public interest driving speculation and, on occasion, detailed reporting about his health.
''It becomes very difficult to understand the seeming impatience and statements like, 'It is time for the family to let go.' These are insensitive statements that no one would like to be made about their grandfather,'' she said.
Mr Mandela's last wishes were contained in a will that the then 78-year-old made in January 1996. Events in Qunu in the past week suggest that they have not changed.
On Friday, workmen began laying soil for a new road leading to a 250-hectare meadow on a slope overlooking Mr Mandela's pink-walled country home where his grave is expected to be.
Telegraph, London


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Fishguard's community venue, Theatr Gwaun, is delighted to be hosting an evening with a real powerhouse of public life, Ann Widdecombe, on Thursday 11th September at 8.00pm
This is a unique chance to listen to one of our most outspoken and celebrated politicians, as she recalls her life and highlights the people and events that most influenced her along the way, and includes a chance to quiz her about her forthright opinions, on everything from fox hunting to the foxtrot!
Seaways Bookshop have kindly agreed to hold a book sale & signing session, in particular for Ann's autobiography 'Strictly Ann' during the evening.
Tickets are just £10, and are sure to go very quickly, available from the Theatr Gwaun box office. To reserve them, or to find out more, or to see what else is up and coming at Theatr Gwaun, check the website www.theatrgwaun.com or call them on 01348 873421.


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Phycodurus eques
|Scope: Global
Language: English
Baillie, J. and Groombridge, B. (eds). 1996. 1996 IUCN Red List of Threatened Animals. pp. 378. International Union for Conservation of Nature, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK.
Baker, J.L. 2002. Dragon Search Western Australia – Summary of Western Australia Sighting Data to September 2002. Internal Report – Dragon Search Community-Based Monitoring Project.
Baker, J.L. 2003. Dragon Search South Australia – Summary of South Australian Sighting Data to January 2003. Internal Report – Dragon Search Community-Based Monitoring Project.
Connolly, R.M., Melville, A.J. and Keesing, J.K. 2002a. Abundance, movement and identification of individual leafy sea dragons, Phycodurus eques (Pisces: Syngnathidae). Marine and Freshwater Research 53: 777–780.
Connolly, R.M., Melville, A.J. and Preston, K.M. 2002b. Patterns of movement and habitat use by leafy seadragons tracked ultrasonically. Journal of Fish Biology. 61:684–695.
Gomon, M.F., Glover, C.J.M. and Kuiter, R.H. 1994. The fishes of Australia's south coast. State Print, Adelaide, Australia.
IUCN. 2006. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
Kuiter, R.H. 1993. Coastal fishes of south-eastern Australia. Crawford House Press Pty Ltd., Australia.
Kuiter, R.H. 2000a. Seahorses, Pipefishes and their Relatives. A Comprehensive Guide to Syngnathiformes. TMC Publishing, Chorleywood, UK.
Kuiter, R.H. 2000b. Coastal Fishes of Southeastern Australia. Gary Allen, Sydney, Australia.
Martin-Smith, K.M. and Vincent, A.C.J. 2006. Exploitation and trade of Australian seahorses and their relatives (syngnathids). Oryx 40(2): 141-151.
McGlone, P. 1994. Export ban needed to protect seadragons, seahorses and pipefishes. Wildlife News No. 68, World Wide Fund for Nature.
Neira, F.J., Miskiewicz, A.G. and Trnski, T. 1998. Larvae of temperate Australian fishes: laboratory guide for larval fish identification. University of Western Australia Press.
Pogonoski, J.J., Pollard, D.A. and Paxton, J.R. 2002. Conservation overview and action plan for Australian threatened and potentially threatened marine and estuarine fishes. Environment Australia, Canberra, Australia.
Short, F.T. and Wyllie-Echeverria, S. 1996. Natural and human-induced disturbances of seagrasses. Environmental Conservation 23: 17-27.
|Connolly, R. 2006. Phycodurus eques. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2006: e.T17096A6798664. . Downloaded on 22 July 2017.
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