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yeah i get u
the last one was a freestyle so the a is pretty fucked up
yeah i get u
the last one was a freestyle so the a is pretty fucked up
Also those are some weak ass arrows... Try a different kind of arrow
idk how but someone got to the topic of catdog and i love that show so ya...
Finished... I think
shits dope bro, i grew up watching that. and i dont know why you post in the toy section.
sick shit mone, what markers you use to colour
you should add cinnamon toast man!!!!!!!!!
@Diesel, looks nice lol, i might have to draw up some cartoon characters, everyone else seems to be
@Swae, lookin good, not much advice i can give, youre way above me
@Mogan, damn dude, your shit is sick, as always. love your style
the D didn't turn out well, but crits please?
Thanks smoke. keep at it wit that crazy style! is that second pic all spraypaint?
Yea ididnt have whit so it doesn't pop out as much the canvas version but its bound to get slashed soon so its whatevers
Have you painted anything up yet?
most recent:
And some older shit...
^^^^ Daaaaamn mone, those look sick
Your beyond this thread, definately.
Thanks for the props but there is a LOT more room for improvement


text:
Tool to creat a stamp or company seal.
|Share it:
|Updated at:
|25 Sep 2007
|Editor's review:
|Not yet reviewed
|Maxim Sedykh | More...
Seal maker description
Seal Maker is a tool which creates an official looking digital 'rubber' stamp or company seal using your own image or logo.It features a tremendous array of adjustment and control, and the result can be printed or saved as BMP file. This is a program which is quite unique. It allows you to build up a stamp or seal, adding lines, adding text, adding images and then doing all sorts of weird and wonderful things with the final result.
Seal Maker is licensed as shareware. Follow the link bellow and free download Seal Maker.
Seal Maker download notice »
It is not legal to make use of cracks, patches, pirate registration codes or serial numbers, key generators, and other similar tools that interfere with future developments of the software, while it is not safe nor allowed to obtain Seal Maker 1.2 from file sharing websites such as MegaUpload, Rapidshare or YouSendIt. Using these methods to eliminate the need to obtain a genuine license for Seal Maker 1.2 could put your computer and activity at risk by infecting the system with viruses, spyware, worms, Trojans, dialers and adware, distroying its stability and stealing your personal information, as well as propagating through the network to take control of other computers. In such cases, you won't be able to use your computer, not even Seal Maker, anymore.
You can find and use free legal download links for Seal Maker 1.2 on Download3000 and on the official website of the publisher.

subset: commoncrawl


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Wednesday, December 19, 2007
Best Egg Tart Ever?
Try and start another fire by discussing the best egg tart ever? I'm from Ipoh (if you do not know that by now) and the dim sum places make pretty good tarts, be it Ming Kok or Fohsun. I even think the Tong Kee ones are pretty good, right up there with the best. When I was in Singapore, the ones at Tong Heng was an adequate substitute (better than nothing). Had the ones with the flaky pastry or fluff pastry and the other one with the butter flavoured shortcrust pastry. I prefer the flaky ones as it is "soong chooi" (loose bitey) and when you reach the wobbling creamy egg tart center, it gives a very good contrast.
I have also patronised Patten's favourite Tai Cheong Bakery's egg tarts in Central, HK, before and after they moved locations - they are pretty damn good too. A few steps away in Wellington Street is another place for very delicious egg tart as well, the Lok Heung Yuen - they come in tiny bite size. For this exercise, let's not talk about Portuguese tart - its a separate matter.
Hence, I always thought that such delicate stuff like egg tarts can only come from a dedicated kitchen, and never from a franchise. How wrong was I! For those who have visited The Pavillion KL, you may have walked past the silly sounding pastry place called John King, supposedly from HK and established since 1965. Am quite familiar with HK but I have never come across John King. But with such a weird sounding English name as a brand, it does resembles a HK invention (ala Kim Gary). They sell possibly the best ever egg tarts I have ever eaten. Some may say that their crust is a bit rich, hey, egg tarts should be an indulgence , not a health/diet food! Enjoy la.
Surprisingly, the butter shortbread pastry is even better than the flaky ones, and I thought I would never like the shortbread pastry types. Forget about the durian egg tart, its a lie and con job. Go for the original or the even-better seoung-pei lai egg tart (whitish egg tart, double-skin-milk egg tart).
Its a lot saying they possibly make the best egg tarts, especially having tried so many good ones in so many places. Is it better than sex???... well, you will be making the same noises and exclamations though - "OMG"! Go John King or whatever your name is, its the best thing that I can afford after shopping at The Pavillion!!!
7 comments:
- Jomaropol said...
Their durian egg tarts a con job? That seriously cannot be! I think that their durian tarts are a hidden gem! I spend RM6 on 3 tarts each time to get one of 'em boxes all the time!!
I don't think you really know anything about egg tarts *fanning fire*. Maybe you have to go and do some proper research about it, or go and get a degree in ET. *throwing a bucket of petrol into fire*.
- Salvatore_Dali said...
look at their durian tarts, its just tarts with durian paste on it... its not so much u like the durian tarts, u just like durian paste, go buy durian, very cheap outside Lucky Garden TMC.. lol
I really need to learn about egg tarts and find the ONE TRUE WAY of egg tart making before I can comment on egg tarts, there is just too many "God Sticks" of egg tarts walking around... my bad... ; )
- Jomaropol said...
haha quite true, I saw how they made it through that glassy bakery of theirs, I'm just eating it with one eye closed for now..! lol. Time to really give their egg tarts a try instead of their durian tarts.
- doraiddd said...
no dali, john king's tarts are not better than sex but then its better than no sex at all...
took a chance to try the trad flaky ones. But at a dollar sixty each plus tax, these are among the most ex in town if not the most.
looks wise, i prefaer my egg tarts the color of egg yolks, these are anemic and pale... Here was a question similar to us always choosing brown shelled eggs over the paler white varieties. and they all looked too uniformed and factory machined. Visually it lacked the warm hand gifted touch..
eating it required dexterity too. one had to peel the foil away from the tart rather than peel the delicate tart away from the foil and risk flaking it... and it oozing thru your fingers..
using foil instead of the trad baking paper on the base left a layer of clear oil on your fingers and thus maybe the 'rich' comment.. I would have prefered paper but maybe due to its larger than average size, paper would not have held.
textually rating is high on both the pastry and egg custard.. pastry was as flaky as they come and the custard just the right running consistency..
BUT more importantly, TASTE was lacking. It lacked the eggy edge that come with the best tarts. These were almost bland. Wolfing it down produced the greastest irony as your buds struggled to capture that non-existent jump on the tongue that the texture and the fluidity promised...
Interestingly, for a high turnover egg tart stall, it was severely lacking in good smells. famous amos this is not...
In summary, the brand john king egg tarts may perhaps said it all and perhaps since 1965 was 4 decades ago, the eggness of the tarts has watered down and away since then...
i hope i would not live to see Mat Salleh nasi lemak and satay, since 2007, for my last meal... however i will always look forward to tong kee egg tarts or the dimsum tarts from imbi palace.
- doraiddd said...
AND dont even get me started on that donut shop with the huge queues...
reminded me of the faithful in jonestown all queuing up for their happy peace brew from jim...
come on people!!!!
makes me wanna give up stock trading and wanna just get out there and create queues... blardy hell...
- Salvatore_Dali said...
u r quite rite, John King does not make the best tarts, they r pretty good, ... yes the eggy taste is better and coloring better at Tong Kee and Tai Cheong, I think its the "type" of egg selection... whereas its more industrialised at John King, where got time to select eggs?? But they r still pretty good, yes its a bother to eat them cos they are so flaky and crust-breaking good, I need to eat from the box , with the box...
- slea said...
do anyone think mlay will like egg tart(halal)? will they ever walk into a shop to buy egg tart?


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"Any who are sent on an errand which will allow them to return to the monastery on the same day must not eat outside, in spite of pressing invitations whatever their source, unless the superior has approved this.." (The Rule of St. Benedict, Chapter 51) Oh, the errands! There are the errands and the falling [Read More…]
Simplicity: Meat and Spiritual Practice
I spent yesterday morning rinsing, drying, salting and peppering two chickens. One was for a friend who has just had a baby girl and one was for my little family of eaters. I handled those chickens with love, patting them sweetly with salt all over my hands while Brooksie napped and August played astronaut nearby. [Read More…]
A day to be thankful in a month full of grateful.
After a week where I actually recorded all my grateful thoughts in a journal and now have apparently lost that journal. But, does that mean I've lost my Grateful?! By all means, no!!! That's why I will tell you about my sweet past week (in 7 thankfuls). Brooks laughed for the first time last Thursday [Read More…]
Thankful Tuesday: Moby wraps, pancakes, and baby dimples
Let's start with this: There are some seasons in a marriage where you feel more like a team than you ever have, where you know what to say to each other in the sweetest and most painful moments, where you laugh big, hearty, hysterical laughs at each other. I'm thankful that Chris and I are [Read More…]
A Valentine's Day Tribute
Chris and I have never been much for Valentine smooches and the necessity of lover-gifts on February 14th (not that I don't love V-Day…though I love it in the sense of wearing red and making homemade cards and heart cookies with pink sprinkles with my kid…not fancy dates and glitter balloons). However, it is a [Read More…]


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Readers' Choice 2013: What Was the Biggest Celeb News Story of the Year?
2013 was quite a year. So much happened! Babies were born! Meltdowns were had! Miley Cyrus took over the world! Take a moment, look back, reflect. And once you've processed all of the craziness, tell us which moment stuck with you the most.
Last week, we asked you to tweet us your picks for Favorite Movie, Favorite TV Show, Favorite Musician, Biggest News Story, and Celeb of the Year. From your suggestions, we put together a shortlist of nominees in each category. And now, we need you to vote. You can vote in today's category, Biggest Celeb News Story of 2013, after the jump.
Revisit each of the major nominated stories by scrolling through the gallery below and clicking on each picture. Then, cast your vote for Biggest Story of the Year.
Return tomorrow to vote in the final category: Celeb of the Year!


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Sandwich Report Card: Capp & Cheese
In the Northeast region, 3 sandwiches go head-to-head for a chance to be the regional champ. The first of these is the Capp and Cheese from Primanti Bros. Get the facts on this contender and the recipe so you can make it at home.
Capp and Cheese Stuffed Sandwich
Where to Find It:
Primanti Bros. restaurants
Original Location:
46 18th St
Pittsburgh, PA 15222
The idea for Primanti Bros. started in 1933 when Joe Primanti opened a cart in the Strip district of Pittsburgh. He sold sandwiches to truckers on the go. The business soon took off and he opened a small restaurant with his brothers and nephew.
BITE Score Rating:
B (Bread) - Outstanding, crusty on the outside, pillowy on the inside
I (Interior) - There's a party going in between the bread.
T (Taste) - There's only 1 Primanti's and that taste is extraordinary
E (Experience) - This is one of those sandwiches that you crave.
Result: Defeated by the DiNic's Roast Pork Sandwich
* 4 oz. Cappicola
* 1 Egg
* 1 slice of Provolone
* 1 handful of French fries
* 1 handful of coleslaw
* 2 slices of tomato
* 2 thick-cut slices of fresh Italian bread
* Place fresh-sliced Cappicola on grill and warm – top with provolone cheese
* Place grilled meat and cheese on bottom slice of fresh Italian bread
* Add a runny egg – it's the Pittsburgh way!
* Top with hot French fries
* Top with hearty handful of coleslaw
* Place 2 tomato slices on top of coleslaw
* Top with second slice of fresh Italian bread
Viola – The Primanti Sandwich!


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Restless Princess
New York
With its current winter season, New York City Ballet continues to create thematic programs out of its extensive repertory of mostly one-act ballets. Last fall, the theme was the music of Igor Stravinsky and the dances it inspired. For the current run, which concludes Sunday, it is the music of Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky, arguably the most familiar of all ballet composers.
George Balanchine's classic dances dominated...


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Tartu Cathedral in Tartu
Thinking of planning a city break to Tartu. Expedia have a great range of hotels and accomodation in Tartu near Tartu Cathedral that will help make your stay that little bit more special. But before you go make sure to check out the Expedia travel guide on Tartu Cathedral first, so you can find out everything you need to know before you go away.


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Annotated Bibliographies by Topic (ML 120-128 and VARIOUS)
Becker, Warren, and Harold Gleason. 20th-Century American Composers, 2d ed.
Bomberger, E. Douglas,
ed. Brainard's Biographies of American Musicians.
See Dictionaries and Encyclopedias—Biographical Dictionaries and Encyclopedias
Booth, Mark W. American Popular Music: A Reference Guide.
Borroff, Edith.
American Operas: A Checklist.
See Annotated Bibliographies by Topic—Opera
Burton, Jack. The
Index of American Popular Music.
See Song Indexes
Carman, Judith E., William K. Gaeddert and Rita M. Resch. Art-Song in the United States: An Annotated Biography, 1801-1976.
Davis, Arthur Kyle, Jr. Folk-Songs of Virginia: A Descriptive Index and Classification of Material Collected Under the Auspices of the Virginia Folklore Society.
Davis, Elizabeth A, comp.
Index to the New World Recorded Anthology of American Music: A User's
Guide to the Initial One Hundred Records.
See Discographies
Emerson, Isabelle, ed. Twentieth-Century American Music for the Dance: A Bibliography.
Groce, Nancy. Musical Instrument Makers of New York: A Directory o f Eighteenth and Nineteenth Century Urban Craftsmen.
Hall, Charles J. A Chronicle of American Music 1700-1995.
Heintze, James R. Early American Music: A Research and Information Guide.
Hixon, Donald L. Music in Early America: A Bibliography of Music in Evans.
Jablonski, Edward.
The Encyclopedia of American Music.
See Dictionaries and Encyclopedias—General Dictionaries and Encyclopedias
Krummel, Donald William. Bibliographic Handbook of American Music.
Krummel, Donald William, Jean Geil, Doris J. Dyen, and Deane L. Root. Resources of American Music History: A Directory of Source Materials from Colonial Times to World War II.
Marco, Guy A. Literature of American Music III, 1983-1992.
Metcalf, Frank, comp. American Psalmody or Titles of Books Containing Tunes Printed in America: From 1721-1820.
Miller, Terry E. Folk Music in America: A Reference Guide.
Oja, Carla J., ed. American
Music Recordings: A Discography of 20th-Century U.S. Composers.
See Discographies
Sonneck, Oscar George Theodore. A Bibliography of Early Secular American Music: 18th-Century.
Weichlein, William J. A Checklist of American Music Periodicals.
Becker, Warren, and Harold Gleason. 20th-Century American Composers, 2d ed. Music Literature Outlines, series IV. Bloomington, Ind.: Frangipani Press, 1980. Mus Ref ML161 .G522 1980 ser. 4
Use: An efficient resource in the study of the music and the composers listed. Helpful for finding compositional styles of certain composers, list of works, as well as quotes from the composer.
Coverage: 17 representative composers chosen from the compositions heard at the Festival of American Music, Eastman School of Music, Rochester, N.Y. between 1925 and 1971.
Organization: The seventeen composers are arranged alphabetically by composer. Entries for each composer including a brief biography, a list of compositions, the date of composition or publication and the publisher when possible. Each section contains a discussion on the composer's style and a quotation from the composer that provides insight into their attitudes toward music, concepts of composing, and associations with other musicians. Each section also includes a list of books and articles written by or about the composer including doctoral dissertations. References used in each section are listed in code form. General Bibliography cites these specific references. Other features include a chronological list of the composers and abbreviations used.
Pros: Thorough information on composer's style. Complete lists of composer's works.
Booth, Mark W. American Popular Music: A Reference Guide. American Popular Culture, ed. M. Thomas Inge. Westport, Connecticut and London: Greenwood Press, 1983. Mus Ref ML 102 .P66 B65 1983
Use: An inventory of resources for studying American popular music. Gives the user quick but thorough and reliable command of resources in any corner of the large subject of American popular music.
Coverage: Offers brief descriptions of books, periodicals, and special library collections where the user can seek out the many kinds of popular music, past and present, and information about that music and its makers. Author examined over eleven hundred books, most found in libraries in Richmond, Washington, New York, and Boston, and others acquired through the patient help of the Inter-library Loan office of the James Branch Cabell Library of Virginia Commonwealth University. Author also examined most of the journals listed at the Library of Congress.
Organization: Included subjects are: Tin Pan Alley, bands, Broadway, Hollywood, blues, black pop, ragtime, jazz, country, commercial folk, and rock, along with a few predecessors and loose ends. Chapters follow, with small variations, a consistent plan: bibliography and discography of the particular subject, general reference, collective and individual biography, history and criticism, and a bibliography of books and magazines mentioned in the chapter. Within each section of a chapter, related materials are grouped in paragraphs to be described and compared, and sometimes they are given brief critical evaluation. In the biographical sections, the paragraphs are arranged in alphabetical order by the names of the subjects.
Pros: Quick access to the information is offered not only by consistent and labeled chapter divisions but by writing intended to be easily scanned.
Cons: Only current through 1983.
Carman, Judith E., William K. Gaeddert and Rita M. Resch. Art-Song in the United States: An Annotated Biography, 1801-1976. With special section, "Art-Song in the United States, 1759-1810," by Gordon Meyers. Publication of the National Association of Teachers of Singing, Inc. Iowa City, Iowa: The University of Iowa Printing Services, 1976. Mus Ref ML 120 .U5 C37
Use: Practical tool for teachers and college-age students in finding appropriate songs for specific singers in programming a recital with American art songs.
Coverage: Included are compositions of U.S. Citizens; compositions of composers who are presently composing songs in America and who have been citizens for many years; foreign-born composers who immigrated to the United States before age 33 and who later became citizens, excluding a few composers of international reputation who became American citizens, but whose styles were established previously. However, if their songs have become a significant part of American repertoire, they are listed in Appendix A.
Represents songs from all historical periods. Each song was analyzed by the committee (those who compiled and wrote the book) and judged for inclusion by these four questions: How will it be useful in developing vocal technique? How will it be useful for programming purposes from early stages through advanced levels of training? What is the overall quality of the song at hand? Should the song be included for historical purposes? Choices were further limited by eliminating folk-song settings, operatic and concert arias (there are exceptions to this criteria). Contains other songs that don't fit the normal criteria listed above such as humorous songs, program-enders, and encore songs.
Organization: A descriptive introduction, including instructions and a sample format, is located at the beginning. The main body is arranged alphabetically on two levels: by composer and then by title under the specific composer. Sets and cycles are listed alphabetically by the collective title of the group, and the individual songs of the set or cycle are listed in the order indicated by the composer or publisher. For each composer entry, birth and death place and date are given if known. Each title entry has a number; each individual song of a set or cycle has a letter that indicates it is a subdivision of the main entry. Each song is annotated. Information in annotations include: tessitura, poet, range, duration, difficulty levels, voice type, etc. Also found in this resource: Subject-Poet Index, Composer Index, and Title Index for further search help. Three appendices include composers not fitting the criteria listed above, publishers' addresses and other information, as well as a few sample recital programs of American song.
Pros: Extremely useful when programming a recital because this book provides nearly everything you need to know to find each piece and if it would fit with your recital. Sample recital programs are a great tool for devising one of your own.
Cons: Introduction is wordy. Only contains works as of 1976.
Davis, Arthur Kyle, Jr. Folk-Songs of Virginia: A Descriptive Index and Classification of Material Collected Under the Auspices of the Virginia Folklore Society. Duke University Press. Durham, N.C.: Seeman Printery, Inc., 1949. Mus Ref ML 128 .F75 D3 1949
Use: To provide an accurate listing of the various folk-song materials collected by the Virginia Folklore Society since its last major publication, Traditional Ballads of Virginia (Harvard University Press, 1929).
Coverage: Does not include any information on any significant time frame. Included are genuine folk songs (the appearance of a song in different variations whether textural or musical—without any suspicion or altering or tampering—would generally be accepted as proof of a genuine folk song). From Scottish ballads to narrative songs to humorous and lyrical folk songs, this volume covers a vast collection of various Virginia folk songs under 18 subjects.
Organization: Section I contains the ballads recognized and adopted by Professor Child in his English and Scottish Popular Ballads. This section also provides cross-references to the large body of Child material included in Traditional Ballads of Virginia. The other seventeen sections are categorized by subject. Each section contains song entries of that particular subject. Every entry is numbered; no formal organization (alphabetically, chronologically) was used. Entries provide information on whom it was collected by and their location, whom it was sung by, how they learned it, and the number of stanzas. The appendix at the back cites phonograph records of Virginia folk songs from the Check-List of Recorded Songs in the English Language in the Archive of American Folk Songs to July, 1940. An Alphabetical Index of Titles and First Lines is located at the back.
Pros: Over a thousand songs and their variants included.
Cons: Entries only include where the collector and singer are from (no detailed information of how to receive a copy such as address and phone number).
Emerson, Isabelle, ed. Twentieth-Century American Music for the Dance: A Bibliography. Music Reference Collection, no. 53. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 1996. Mus Ref ML 128 .D3 E44 1996
Use: This is a crucial source for anyone looking for the specific genre of twentieth-century American music composed for concert dance. It is particularly useful if one is looking for lesser known works, or if one is trying to locate composers who work with this genre, or if one is looking for choreographers or performers who have worked with twentieth-century American composers on pieces meant for concert dance.
Coverage: The author zeros in on a very specific genre of music: twentieth-century American music composed for concert dance. Anything that does not fit the genre exactly is not included. For instance, if a composer was not American, but took up residency in the U.S., then only music composed after their U.S. residency is included (therefore, of Stravinsky's works, Rite of Spring is not included, but Agon is). Also, if a work was used for concert dance, but not composed specifically for that purpose, it is not included. The author states that the primary goal of the bibliography is to make accessible this specific genre of music. She also says that there is an emphasis on lesser known works. Therefore, for those composers who are more well-known in this genre, only a selected list of their works is cited. Also, dance music for musical theatre is excluded because it is more well-known and accessible.
Organization: The author arranges entries alphabetically by composer. The composer's works are listed alphabetically within the entry. Under the composer's name is given information such as birth place and year, death place and year, pseudonym, year of U.S. citizenship, address, BMI/ASCAP affiliation, and principal publishers. Next is a list of sources from which the information about the composer, the choreographer, or the work was found. Information on the works includes the name of the choreographer, instrumentation, publication data, date, place and dancers/musicians of the first performance, information about recordings, and comments. The amount of information varies from entry to entry. There are many works for which not much is known, and the author's goal is to include them so readers will be aware of them and invite more information about them.
Pros: One of the primary goals of this work is to promote lesser known works, which can be a strength, particularly for readers who are also looking to find or produce these works. The author has gone to great lengths to make available any possible information about these works, even to personal addresses of composers and choreographers, and details about the first performance of a work of which many works are out-of-print, or unpublished, or that were written for concert dance, but never choreographed. Other strengths are the additional indexes, such as the alphabetical list of choreographers with all the composers they worked with, and the alphabetical list of composers with all the choreographers they worked with. For anyone looking for additional sources on the genre, composers, choreographers, or the works, an additional strength is the index including full bibliographic information on all the works consulted.
Cons: This bibliography appears to be rare for this specific genre, it may be considered a weakness that many of the more famous works are omitted, for the sake of readers interested in the genre as a whole.
Groce, Nancy. Musical Instrument Makers of New York: A Directory o f Eighteenth and Nineteenth Century Urban Craftsmen. Annotated Reference Tools in Music, No. 4. Stuyvesant, NY: Pendragon Press, 1991. Mus Ref ML 404 .G76 1991
Use: As indicated in the preface, this "volume documents the careers of instrument makers who were active in New York before 1890."
Coverage: Covers instrument makers in Manhattan through 1890. Excludes organ builders, but includes "all other master craftsmen known to be active in the trade during this period." (Preface)
Organization: Alphabetized by the name of the maker, or the company. Entries list company name, address, years the maker was active (and what types of instruments he made during those years), a brief history of the business, and awards the maker received.
Hall, Charles J. A Chronicle of American Music 1700-1995. With a foreword by Gerard Schwarz. New York: Schirmer Books, an imprint of Simon & Schuster Macmillan; London: Prentice Hall International, 1996. Mus Ref ML 200 .H15 1996
Use: Year-by-year chronological listing of brief highlights of history, world cultural events, and representative works of American art and literature. Useful for establishing historical perspective in which composers' worked, and for comparing artists within similar periods and circumstances.
Coverage: Covers years 1700-1995. Covers significant historical and musical events for each given year. Companion volume with more detail of art literature is being prepared. Popular scene highlights limited.
Organization: Entries may contain: births, deaths, biographical information, publications, representative pieces of music, debuts, new positions, conductors, honors/awards, festivals, musical beginnings, educational information, musical compositions, musicals, performing groups, and miscellaneous information. Contains a music index organized by composer with references to specific event.
Pros: Contains selected bibliography with helpful reference magazines and periodicals. Provides music highlights in the vernacular/commercial (pop) as well as the cultivated/art music scene.
Heintze, James R. Early American Music: A Research and Information Guide. Music Research and Information Guides, vol. 13. Garland Reference Library of the Humanities, vol. 1007. New York and London: Garland Publishing, 1990. Mus Ref ML 120 .U5 H46 1990
Use: Helpful for researchers looking for information on musicians, instruments, musical events, etc. in early America. Serves as an introduction to the materials available for research and information on early American music.
Coverage: Covers books, articles, dissertations, papers, published sermons and discourses, catalogs, lists, directories, and other materials dealing with America's musical history from its beginning to 1820. Though the author says it is comprehensive, it does not include every work pertaining to American music. No information given concerning criteria for sources chosen.
Organization: Divided into two parts that are then divided into categories and sub-categories. One part examines general reference works such as dictionaries, songsters, periodical and newspaper guides, collections, etc. Also contains a section on exhibition catalogs and literature that has information on music and instruments not described in other sources. It also includes special reference works including broadsides, city and trade directories, copyright records, diaries and letters, travel accounts, discographies and more. Another part focuses on historical studies including general histories and area studies, topical histories, studies of ethnic and religious groups, etc. One chapter of that specific part deals with critical and facsimile editions of music including tunebooks, collections of vocal works, etc. Citations arranged alphabetically under appropriate categories. Some entries listed in more than one section. Includes helpful Author-Title Index and Subject Index at end, both arranged alphabetically.
Pros: Brings together a core collection of bibliographical and informative materials with references to other relevant works. Gives suggestions of other excellent reference works that should be considered along with this one. Informative annotations. Doctoral dissertations included.
Cons: Not all entries are annotated. Does not cover every subject extensively. Few items on folk music, Afro-American music and native (US citizens from birth) American music.
Hixon, Donald L. Music in Early America: A Bibliography of Music in Evans. Metuchen, N.J.: The Scarecrow Press, 1970. Mus Ref ML 120 .U5 H6
Use: This is a "finding tool" to the music contained in American Bibliography by Charles Evans.
Coverage: Covers music published in17th- and 18th- century America as found in Charles Evans' American Bibliography and the Readex Corporation's microprint edition of Early American Imprints, 1639-1800. It includes every item containing printed music notation, whether published in a book, pamphlet, or broadside form, and whether it was issued separately or as part of a larger collection. Periodicals, newspapers, and other serial publications have been excluded.
Organization: There are six parts. All parts are arranged alphabetically by composer-editor-compiler. Part I includes all items currently available in Early American Imprints microprint edition. Part II contains items not yet produced in EAI . Part III includes biographical sketches of the composers-compilers represented that provide a historical context and an idea of what types of music each composer-compiler was associated with. Parts IV and V are indexes arranged in alphabetical order that offer composer and title locations along the Evans serial numbers. Part VI is an index arranged in numerical order of all the Evans' serial numbers indicating citations in Parts I and II. A key to Evans' serial numbers and a bibliography to the references cited are listed at the beginning.
Pros: Dramatic works and vocal song entries are easier to find in this because they are listed under the composer rather than under the librettist as Evans is.
Cons: Does not give a complete account of composers' lives and activities. No annotations.
Krummel, Donald William. Bibliographic Handbook of American Music. Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 1987. Mus Ref ML 120 .U5 K78 1987
Uses: Guide to indexes and catalogs of American music. Identify particular styles, time periods, and specific historical analysis.
Coverage: Approximately 1825 to 1987. Includes bibliographies on regional and ethnic groups, genres, biobibliographies, concert music, folk, popular, and sacred music.
Organization: The main body contains explanations of each division of catalogs, then lists them. Each entry contains a bibliography and a brief description of the catalog. Organized according to genres, chronology, writings on music, discographies, and literature on bibliographies. Index integrates artist names and subjects.
Pros: Informative annotations on all topics included. Detailed index integrates artists, topics, and publications, making it easier to use.
Cons: Only current to 1987.
Krummel, Donald William, Jean Geil, Doris J. Dyen, and Deane L. Root. Resources of American Music History: A Directory of Source Materials from Colonial Times to World War II. Music in American Life Series. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1981. Mus Ref ML 120 .U5 R47
Use: As a directory of source materials from colonial times to World War II. (see coverage) This reference requires a hands-on experience to be useful. Collections vary a great deal, and could/could not provide needed information dependant on topic of research.
Coverage: Collections both private and public. Sheet music, songbooks, hymnals, tune books, opera scores, oratorios, band or orchestra music, manuscripts, parts copies by hand, programs (including playbills and etc.), music as part of scrapbooks, archives, records, publications with musical inclusions and ad nauseam. Entries indicate that collections are diverse and at times do not concentrate on one particular topic.
Organization: The directory portion is divided into four categories: Lower forty-eight states, U.S. territories, Canada and other countries. Entries may contain annotations that identify nature of the archive, work or source. Also includes a bibliography of early music resources to date of publication. Author, subject/title index provide to assist with navigation.
Pros: A very unique source for eccentric research as it provides access to unique collections worldwide during a budding time in American (world) history.
Marco, Guy A. Literature of American Music III, 1983-1992. Literature of American Music, 3 vols. Lanham M.D. and London: The Scarecrow Press, 1996. Mus Ref ML 120 .U5 M135 1996
Use: A continuation of the first and second volumes of the LOAM series that focused on citing significant books dealing with music by Americans and American musical life.
Coverage: Covers publications that appeared between January 1, 1983 and January 1, 1993. Includes anything not cited in the previous volumes: 1) Monographs in English that appeared in selected source lists (Illinet, the shared computer catalog of Illinois, includes holdings from many prominent northwest libraries; OCLC, the database on the Online Computer Catalog Center, contains holdings of North American research libraries; and American Book Publishing Record (ABPR), a monthly list, collected annually, of monographic publications issued in the U.S.). 2) Monographs in other languages that appeared in the same source lists, if they contain significant reference material (such as discographies) or other important original text. Limited information on pop/rock performers: includes issues of established publishers and recognized authors to books that have received wide attentions, and to items that offer useful reference features. Unaltered reprints and reprints with minor changes have been avoided. Volumes that contain only printed music were omitted, as well as categories of publication consisting of master's thesis's, doctoral dissertations, and juvenile books. A separate index by Guy can be used for faster searches of books located in all the volumes (Marco. Guy A. Checklist of Writings on American Music: 1640-1992. Lanham, M.D. and England: Scarecrow Press, Inc., 1996.) These volumes act more as books in a series; therefore I am not critiquing all three.
Organization: Entries are organized by Library of Congress and ISBN categories, such as Church Music, Dictionaries and Encyclopedias, History of American Music, and arranged numerically by their classification numbers. Each entry includes the LC call number and ISBN number followed by a bibliographic citation of the book. Every entry also includes an informative annotation. Introduction includes a sample of how the entries are laid out. Table of Contents provides location information using only the Library of Congress classification numbers and categories. Other selective categories included are price guides to recordings, music career guides, picture books without substantive text, and books (except discographies) having fewer than 80 pages. For further searching help, a Title Index, Subject Index, and Joint-Author Index are included. The separate index includes every entry of all volumes arranged in alphabetical order by author.
Pros: Thorough annotations. Contains efficient search indexes.
Cons: Format is somewhat different from the other volumes of the series.
Metcalf, Frank, comp. American Psalmody or Titles of Books Containing Tunes Printed in America: From 1721-1820. New York: Charles F. Hartman, 1917. Reprint edition in American Psalmody or Titles of Books Containing Tunes Printed in America: From 1721-1820, 2d ed. With introduction by Harry Eskew. Da Capo Press Reprint Edition and Series. Edited by Frederick Freedman. New York: Da Capo Press, 1968. Mus Ref ML 120 .U5 M3 1968
Use: Useful for any researcher or student looking for a bibliographic listing of the short titles and library locations of more than two hundred books containing sacred music which were published in America in the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries.
Coverage: Lists the short titles and library locations of more than two hundred books containing sacred music that was published in America in the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries (1721-1820). Books listed are necessary documents of the American singing-school tradition (a movement mainly in New England during the first half of the 18th century, when regular singing became part of the reform movement in that region. The material listed includes singing-school manuals, or tunebooks, containing hundreds of anthems and other harmonized tunes.
Organization: Organized alphabetically by composer-compiler-editor; under the composer it is arranged alphabetically by the title; under each title, there are often chronological listings of multiple editions. Each entry lists all library locations in abbreviated form. Abbreviations are found in the preface.
Pros: Offers suggestions of other bibliographic lists in the introduction. Clearly organized. Detailed introduction provides information on the reform movement as well as other important details. Offers library locations of each cited source.
Cons: Introduction and preface do not explain how to use the book.
Miller, Terry E. Folk Music in America: A Reference Guide. New York: Garland Publishing,1986. Mus Ref ML 128 .F74 M5 1986
Use: To find songs, composers, information, recordings, etc. on American Folk Music. Helpful to ethnomusicologists, students studying American folk music, and other related fields.
Coverage: Covers a time period starting at the turn of the twentieth-century to the date of publication. Includes books, doctoral dissertations, scholarly articles in the more learned journals and Festschrifts, and articles in certain important encyclopedias. Brief articles were included only for area lacking great quantities of material. Among the items listed, additional bibliographies and discographies that will refer extremely avid readers or those in pursuit of trivia to the articles, master's theses, and other sources left out of this book and to ephemera.
Organization: Divided into nine sections, each pertaining to a certain type of music. Some sections contain more than one kind of music while others cover one type of music exclusively. Each section is subdivided by subject (bibliographies, discographies, genres, etc.). Every section is introduced by a brief essay providing a perspective on that material. Annotations are provided. Most sections include a general and miscellaneous category. Users can search from Table of Contents or index. There are two indices, one for authors' names and one for subjects.
Pros: Annotations do not attempt to judge work, but provide informative information.
Cons: Not complete. Does not include articles. Annotations are very small.
Sonneck, Oscar George Theodore. A Bibliography of Early Secular American Music: 18th-Century. Revised and enlarged by William Treat Upton. Washington, D.C.: Library of Congress Music Division, 1945. Mus Ref ML 120 .U5 S6 1945
Use: A rather complete collection of titles of secular music and books, pamphlets, essays, etc. relating to secular music. Useful to bibliographers, collectors and dealers looking for information found in America's early magazines and newspapers as on file in the libraries mention in preface.
Coverage: Limited to secular music proper (concert music) including psalms and hymn-tunes that had a secular flavor. Emphasis on printed music. Secular music covered must have been: 1) issued by the American press prior to the 19th century and existing in the specific libraries mentioned in the preface; 2) issued but not existing in the libraries; 3) written by native or naturalized Americans and existing in manuscript form; 4) written by the above but apparently neither published nor extant.
Organization: Organized alphabetically by title of song (most entries used the caption title for each song). Each entry offers first lines, publisher information and other information of how it might have been advertised in articles. Entries also include a list of articles and essays relating to music, composers, songsters, first lines, American patriotic music, and opera librettists. An index of publishers, printers, and engravers along with a general index is located at the back. A key to symbols and abbreviations is helpful.
Pros: Thorough instructions in preface and revised edition preface on how to more efficiently use this source.
Weichlein, William J. A Checklist of American Music Periodicals. Detroit, Mich.: Information Coordinators, 1970. Reprinted as 19th Century American Music Periodicals on Microfilm: The Guide. Guilford, Conn.: Opus Publications, 1987. Mus Ref ML 128 .P242 W4 1987
Use: Helpful for finding information on concert-life, works, composers, and music education in America in the nineteenth century.
Coverage: Coordinates and collates much of material presented in other bibliographies and music journals focusing on the nineteenth century such as Charles Wunderlich's A History and Bibliography of Early American Music Periodicals and Dwight's Journal of Music. Periodicals selected by following criteria: generally only publications containing some letterpress material; any music journal concerned with news, reviews, philosophical commentary, and advertising; anything concerned with drama, literature, and pictorial arts if music had a prominent place in their editorial content; not including periodicals that published just music, as well as Proceedings of associations and Program Notes of symphony orchestras.
Organization: Items in list appear alphabetically under the original titles with cross-references to later titles. Each entry reference is made to the existence of the titles in other lists and catalogs with an abbreviation in the upper right-hand corner of the entry. Also offers information on any library holding a representative number of copies of the publication. Presents as much bibliographic data as could be verified—length of runs, names of editors and publishers, and pertinent publication information. Helpful abbreviations list, two appendixes covering the chronological register and geographical distribution of American musical periodicals, along with an index of editors and publishers. Bibliography located at the back.
Pros: Many suggestions in the introduction of other resources that could be helpful.
Cons: Incomplete. Little or no annotations.


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How Do I?
- Register with the National Saltwater Angler Registry?
- Find recreational fishing regulations?
- Report a marine mammal or sea turtle stranding?
- Apply for a fishing permit?
- Import/export fishery products?
- Find a Volunteer coastal restoration effort near me?
- Find a catch and landing information for commercial and recreational fisheries?
Scientists to Observe Gulf Menhaden Fishery for Bycatch Impacts
This month, the NOAA Fisheries Southeast Fisheries Science Center began placing scientists on the Gulf of Mexico's menhaden fishing vessels to collect catch data and record bycatch of sea turtles and marine mammals that could interact with the fishery. It's the latest in a series of new science collection efforts led by the region's Fisheries Observers Program.
"Observers are highly regarded as the best source on information on fisheries bycatch because they work independently," said Samantha Brooke, Fisheries Biologist with the National Observer Program. "The scientists are specially trained and the information they collect is always reviewed to ensure its quality."
The observer programs – used nationwide and to some degree around the world – were started in the 1970's to help collect scientific data on commercial fisheries. This information is used in stock assessments, management regulations, and in the development of technologies that reduce bycatch.
While on board the fishing vessels, observer biologists will spend
approximately 50 days at sea in the next six months monitoring the Gulf of Mexico's menhaden fishing fleet to collect catch data on bycatch as it relates to encounters with bottlenose dolphins and sea turtles.
Observers will also collect biological samples for use in growth and aging studies.
Menhaden are small fish found in large shoals that are harvested for use in fish oil and fish meal products. Each year, menhaden accounts for more than $64 million in the Gulf, hauling in about 450,000 tons each year. By sheer volume, this is one of the nation's largest fisheries.
With such a large fishery playing such a vital role in the Gulf of Mexico, NOAA Fisheries was interested in how fishing for menhaden may impact other marine life, particularly dolphins and sea turtles. It's been a while since the fishery was observed, but the general perception is that purse seine fishing of menhaden in the Gulf results in very little bycatch. By observing fishing activities through this new effort, the agency will be able to clarify this theory.
"We're excited to have new information from such an important fishery in the
Gulf," said Brooke. "This science will drive our ability to make decisions to reduce bycatch and adjust our technologies, particularly when protected species are involved."
The information collected by the observers will improve science on bottlenose dolphin and sea turtle bycatch and help determine mortality estimates for both as it relates to the menhaden fishery.
Under the Magnuson Act, the National Observer Program's mission is to provide a formal way for the NOAA Fisheries Service to ensure that bycatch is controlled while by providing data necessary to monitor fisheries regulations, such as total allowable catch levels. For nearly 40 years, it's been one of the best available methods for monitoring fishery performance and complete stock assessments.
For more information on NOAA Fisheries Observer Programs visit: www.st.nmfs.noaa.gov/st4/nop/
NOAA Fisheries Southeast Fisheries Science Center:


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Have a Tax Question? Ask a Tax Expert
For use 1031 tax deffer option the property has to be treated as for business or investment - not personal use.
The gain from sale of the property will be $80,000 -$40,000 = $40,000 and will be taxed at reduced capital gain rate 5% or 15% based on your income. the taxes will be between $2000 and $6000 + Montana taxes


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Measure of Time from any given point within the Creation in terms of its conception and understanding and means and methods of measurement. Time flows differently in various universes and dimensions, some being uniformly slower than the average, or so-called True Measure of Time, others extremely faster, and still others apparently fluctuate for unrevealed reasons. This then means that the measure of time in any one universe or dimension may not exactly correspond to another measure in another universe. Also, at times in records, there have existed Temporal-Spatial Distortions where time becomes dilated, moving extremely fast or slow in comparison to real or true measures of time within a localized area.
See Also: Localized Date, Localized Time, Time


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Ashland County farmers living in the Vermilion River watershed are invited to participate in a new sediment-reduction project administered by the Huron SWCD.
The objective is to reimburse eligible producers in the watershed for installing 15,500 acres of winter cover crops, 10 acres of grassed waterways and 250 acres of filter strip to reduce erosion and phosphorus loading.
In parts of Ashland, Crawford, Erie, Huron, Lorain, Richland, and Seneca counties, $593,300 cost-share dollars are available.
For additional information, interested producers should contact Ashland Soil and Water Conservation District at 419-281-7645.
ASWCD has sent tree order forms to the families on our tree mailing list. We are selling bare-rooted transplants, bare-rooted seedlings, Myrtle and a wildflower seed packet mix.
A seedling is a smaller plant than a transplant. Transplants are tree seedlings that have been removed from their seedbed and planted so they have room to grow. Our transplants have been allowed to grow for three or four years in this environment.
We are offering for sale the following evergreen transplants — Eastern white pine, Norway spruce, majestic Colorado blue spruce, Serbian spruce, Canadian hemlock, deep mountain Douglas fir and the Fraser fir.
Red oak, white oak, back walnut, sugar maple and the tulip poplar are the five hardwood trees we are selling this year.
For the birds and wildlife, people may purchase white flowering dogwood, Kousa dogwood, shadblow serviceberry, sweet gum and witch hazel.
This year, we are offering 1-ounce packs of American Wildflower Mix.
If you need to restock your pond for the spring, Ashland SWCD is accepting orders until Wednesday, April 13. Call 419-281-7645, stop in at 1763 Ohio 60 or e-mail us at firstname.lastname@example.com to request a tree or fish order form.
n Maxine Swaisgood is the administrative assistant for the Ashland County Soil and Water Conservation District.


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|UCSF Fresno
Medical Education
2615 East Clinton Ave.
Fresno, CA 93703
Tel: (559) 224-3235
Cara Peracchi Douglas
Kaarlela, News Director
Source: Cara Peracchi Douglas, Director, Public Affairs and Communications, UCSF Fresno
Phone: 559.243.3606
E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com
Web: www.fresno.ucsf.edu
UCSF Fresno Receives $511,000 Grant to Institute Diabetes Management Program
The University of California, San Francisco, School of Medicine, Fresno Medical Education Program (UCSF Fresno) has received a three-year, $511,000 residency training grant to institute a comprehensive diabetes management program in California's Central Valley. The Health Resources Services Administration awarded the grant in an effort to train primary care physicians in rural and underserved areas of the United States.
"The Diabetes Management Program will establish protocols and train residents to manage the disease in vulnerable populations," said John Zweifler, MD, program director for UCSF Fresno's Family Practice Program. "This is critical for the Central Valley, as Latinos are particularly prone to developing diabetes and more than half of our population is Hispanic."
The Diabetes Management Program will consist of clinician educators, specialty consultants, medical interpreters, medical personnel and behavioral scientists. UCSF Fresno's Family Practice residents will learn to provide comprehensive multidisciplinary diabetes care and employ evidence-based principles.
Distance learning will be a feature of the project under the guidance of UCSF Fresno's Internal Medicine Residency Program. Telemedicine educational programs and on-line assessment of resident knowledge and practice behavior will be implemented.
Zweifler is the principal investigator on the grant. He will work with
Phyllis Preciado, MD, research fellow for UCSF Fresno's Latino Center,
and Michael Peterson, MD, VMC Foundation Endowed Chair in Medicine for
UCSF Fresno, to implement the grant.
For more information
about the Diabetes Management Program, please log onto http://www.fresno.ucsf.edu,
or call UCSF Fresno Public Affairs at 559.243.3606.


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Ashlee Simpson and Pete Wentz have posted the first picture of son, Bronx Mowgli Wentz, on his official site right on Christmas day.
Celebrity parents Ashlee Simpson and Pete Wentz have on Thursday, December 25, debuted the first picture of their baby boy, Bronx Mowgli Wentz, on his website. "Happy Holidays to all of our friends! Love Pete, Ashlee and Bronx," the holiday e-card read.
"We decided to share the best gift we could ever receive with you: Bronx Mowgli Wentz," Ashlee and Pete continued writing in accompaniment of the e-card, adding "We couldn't be happier." They went on stating on the official site, "And in the spirit of the holidays, we'd like to encourage you to give on your own. Below is a list of worthwhile charities that need your support: International Rescue Committee, Room To Grow and The Richie-Madden Children's Foundation."
Ashlee Simpson and Pete Wentz, who were married in a private nuptials in May, welcomed the arrival of Bronx Mowgli Wentz on November 20. Earlier this month, in a post on his official site, the Fall Out Boy bassist explained the decision he and Ashlee made not to sell the first pics of Bronx to any publications, putting to rest rumors to the contrary.
"We understand that like other celebrities have said, 'there is a bounty on our heads' for these pictures. There is a danger when there are cameras being held over walls and into our backyard. We are followed day and night and that was fine when it was us but we are going to do our best to shelter Bronx from that as much as possible," he explained. "We are not placing judgment on those that do as they often use the money in a very charitable way. However, we have made the decision to not sell Bronx's baby pictures right now."


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Let us know when your receive great advice so we can thank our lawyers and point others with similar questions in the right direction.Got it!
i was approved for DACA now I know i have to update my information with my employer for taxes purposes and because it iligal to continue using the tax id ( I think) and or other number when you are granted a SSN. What do i tell my employee?. when i need to update my W-4 and I9. ? what if they ask why i have a new SSN and why does it say valid with work permit only and the "other one didnt". my employer is in virginia ( HR) but i live in SC, i work from home. my taxes n everything are done here. but my pays come from overthere.so i dont get fired for giving falfe information. ( they do have a copy of my ""SSN and ID'' from when i first applied 4 years ago) a made up one of course
By telling them the truth.
J Charles Ferrari Eng & Nishimura 213.622.2255 The statement above is general in nature and does not constitute legal advice, as not all the facts are known. You should retain an attorney to review all the facts specific to your case in order to receive advise specific to your case. The statement above does not create an attorney/client relationship. Answers on Avvo can only be general ones, as specific answers would require knowledge of all the facts. As such, they may or may not apply to the question.Ask a similar question
You can tell them you had a taxpayer ID number and now you have a social security number.
The above is intended only as general information, and does not constitute legal advice. You must speak with an attorney to discuss your individual case.Ask a similar question
they do have a copy of my ""SSN and ID'' from when i first applied 4 years ago) a made up one of course
By disclosing the true facts to the employer.
Behar Intl. Counsel 619.234.5962 Kindly be advised that the answer above is only general in nature cannot be construed as legal advice, given that not enough facts are known. It is your responsibility to retain a lawyer to analyze the facts specific to your particular situation in order to give you specific advice. Specific answers will require cognizance of all pertinent facts about your case. Any answers offered on Avvo are of a general nature only, and are not meant to create an attorney-client relationship.Ask a similar question
Inform the employer that you have a social security number.
Simone Coley, Bachand & Bachand; 855-422-2426. 189 State Street, Suite 100, Bridgeport, CT 06604.Ask a similar question
they do have a copy of my ""SSN and ID'' from when i first applied 4 years ago) a made up one, So i tell them now i have another one?
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The technique of adult flexible bronchoscopy: Part 1
The technique of adult flexible bronchoscopy: Part 1
ABSTRACT: Flexible bronchoscopy was clinically introduced by Shigeto Ikeda in 1968 and is now used widely for diagnostic and therapeutic interventions. A combination of advancing technology and ingenuity has fostered the development of an expanded array of devices and applications. The newer video bronchoscopes offer higher-resolution images than fiberoptic bronchoscopes. The advantages of fiberoptic technology are lower cost and greater technical ease of adapting to smaller-diameter bronchoscopes. Hybrid bronchoscopes have an imaging lens and fiberoptic bundles that transmit the viewing image to a charge couple device (CCD) chip in the body of the operator end of the bronchoscope. The digital image is transmitted from the CCD chip to the external processor for viewing on a monitor, for digital storage, or for printing. (J Respir Dis. 2008;29(11):423-428)
Since its introduction by Shigeto Ikeda in 1968, flexible bronchoscopy has become a valuable diagnostic and therapeutic tool for pulmonologists- to a large degree, defining the subspecialty.1 Flexible bronchoscopy can be performed on spontaneously breathing patients in either the outpatient or inpatient setting and on more seriously ill patients who are on mechanical ventilation. This versatility has led to the development of a wide variety of techniques, tools, and procedures that provide unprecedented diagnostic and treatment options.
In this introduction to the series "The technique of adult flexible bronchoscopy," we categorize the various bronchoscopic procedures and discuss the indications, complications, basic equipment, and preprocedure preparations. While advanced procedures require additional skill and training, a thorough understanding and mastery of the fundamentals of bronchoscopy is a prerequisite. We present this introductory article to provide the foundation for the in-depth discussion of the basic technique of flexible bronchoscopy and the more advanced and specialized applications, which will appear in future issues of The Journal of Respiratory Diseases.
Flexible bronchoscopy can be divided into routine, advanced, and specialized procedures (Table 1). Routine bronchoscopy is performed by most pulmonologists and includes inspection and sampling. Inspection involves a survey of the upper and lower airway, with attention to the appearance and function of the vocal cords, the tracheal and bronchial anatomy, and the airway mucosa.
Advanced bronchoscopic procedures, such as transbronchial biopsy, are performed by some, but not all, pulmonologists because of the greater technical complexity and slightly higher risk. Specialized procedures, which include brachyradiation and bronchoplasty, are performed by relatively few pulmonologists and may require advanced training.
Flexible bronchoscopy is also used in a few special circumstances, such as the evaluation of vocal cord dysfunction. Investigational bronchoscopic procedures should generally be performed in a clinical trial setting.
Flexible bronchoscopy can be performed for diagnostic purposes, such as the investigation of hemoptysis or a radiographic abnormality, or for therapeutic purposes, such as laser resection of a tumor or airway clearance (Table 2). As noted above, flexible bronchoscopy may also be
used under special circumstances to facilitate other procedures, such as endotracheal intubation, or for investigational or research purposes.
It is not uncommon for patients to experience minor discomfort, nausea, coughing, gagging, minimal bleeding (bleeding not requiring continued suctioning), mild and transient decrease in oxygen saturation, or fever. These occurrences are not generally considered complications. Minor complications are uncommon and include moderate bleeding (persistent bleeding requiring continued suctioning of blood or wedging of the bronchoscope), persistent hypoxemia, self-limited laryngospasm, vomiting, bronchospasm, epistaxis, and vasovagal syncope.


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Michael Strahan has confirmed that he will be joining the crew over at ABC's Good Morning America (GMA) part-time.
Michael Strahan will only be working part time on GMA because he has a lot going on and doesn't think he could do it full-time. He said that he was in talks about the deal on Tuesday and found out that he would be on the show after after a viewing of Captain America: The Winter Soldier, reports Fox News.
Michael Strahan will continue to to host Live with Kelly and Michael with Kelly Ripa. He told Ripa during Wednesday morning's show that his main focus will still be Live and that Ripa is still his number one priority, Fox New notes.
Disney's (DIS) ABC has been working to add Michael Strahan as a co-host on GMA ever since he subbed for Robin Roberts while she was out on sick leave last year.
The addition of Michael Strahan to GMA will help to fill the gap left by Josh Elliott, who quit the show earlier this week for a role on Comcast's (CMCSA) NBC Sports.


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The 'Anger Management' actor believes whoever sending the threatening note and the knife must be the supporters of his daughter's former school, Viewpoint.
Charlie Sheen's war with Viewpoint school continues. After calling his fans to send dog poops to the school, the "Anger Management" actor now claims some people, he dubs supporters of the private Calabasas school, have harassed his ex-wife Denise Richards and their children.
"Here's why people suck; a group of mindless Viewpoint supporting doosh-bagz, have targeted D[enise] and the girls with 'bullying tactics' as a response to my call to arms," the actor began his latest rant. "So, bullying is the answer? as a response to bullying?"
"Leave them alone. this is not a threat but a promise, that justice will be served. I'm not hiding. you are. show yourselves you spineless cowards. oh that's right; cockroaches scatter in the light," he added, "FYI - we have your faces on camera. police are involved."
Explaining the alleged terror to TMZ, Sheen said his daughters "had the pleasure of discovering a steak knife used to nail a note to the tree" outside their house. Two people were captured on surveillance camera sending the note that contained a threat directed at his family.
Denise allegedly was forced to pull her daughter with Charlie, Sam, out of Viewpoint last year after the kid was teased by her peers and the school took side with the bullies. A few days after the little girl's birthday, Charlie encouraged his devotees to send "rotted egg, a roll of toilet paper or some dog s**t" to the school.
In their defense, the school replied, "Our administrators addressed the issue appropriately at that time. Our School takes accusations of bullying very seriously," before adding, "For over 50 years, Viewpoint School has provided a safe and nurturing environment for our students to thrive, and we will continue to do so."
Despite the controversy surrounding his rant, Charlie was unapologetic but claimed his call for dog poop attack was "metaphoric." Rumor has it, parents at the school have held a meeting discussing a possibility to sue the former "Two and a Half Men" star.


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We'll match your job to the relevant tradesmen in your area - those interested will pay to see your contact details and call you to quote.
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The author: Stephen King (b1947) grew up in the US state of Maine, and started writing stories at school. His first novel, Carrie (1974), struggled for sales until the Brian De Palma film became a smash hit. King's popularity was then assured. His second and third novels, Salem's Lot (1975) and The Shining (1977), confirmed his reputation as a master of a new wave of US horror fiction. "The Body", the story from which Stand by Me is adapted, was written right after Salem's Lot but not published until 1982 in the collection Different Seasons, alongside "Apt Pupil", "Rita Hayworth" and "Shawshank Redemption". King has subsequently produced a stream of novels and story serials - some under the alias Richard Bachman. Many have found their way into cinematic adaptation, including The Dead Zone (1979), Misery (1987) and The Green Mile (1997). In 1999 King was badly injured in a road accident, and three years later announced he would stop publishing after finishing the last three novels of his Dark Tower series.
The story: "The Body" is set in 1960 in the fictional town of Castle Rock, Maine. Gordie Lachance is a 12-year-old aspiring author, who treks across country with three friends to find the corpse of another boy rumoured to be lying by railway tracks. Subtitled "Fall from Innocence", "The Body" details in retrospect the emotional journey of each as they race - and then violently confront - a group of older kids for the "honour" of discovering the dead body. King weaves stories-within-stories into the narrative, showing Lachance's evolution as a writer.
The film-maker: Rob Reiner (b1947) is the son of legendary comic Carl Reiner, and made his first mark as a regular performer in US TV sitcom All in the Family . He moved into film-making with spoof music documentary This Is Spinal Tap (1984). Stand By Me was his third feature; after subsequent success with When Harry Met Sally (1989), he returned to King's work with Misery (1990). Reiner cast four relative unknowns in the lead roles, among them River Phoenix, who was himself to die seven years later. Richard Dreyfuss, whom Reiner had met as a 15-year-old, was brought in to provide linking voiceovers as the mature Lachance.
How book and film compare: King considered the story's "tragic hero" to be troubled delinquent Chris Chambers, and Lachance to essentially function as an observer. Reiner, however, felt Lachance's rite of passage should be the central focus. Hence the most significant deviation from the original: it's Lachance who picks up a gun and threatens the older group at the story's climax. Other changes are minor: for example, the film is set a year earlier, in 1959, presumably to point up the nostalgia value.
Inspirations and influences: Reiner was concerned not to repeat the mistakes of previous King adaptations. Films such as Cujo (1983), Christine (1983) and Silver Bullet (1985) had fallen well short of the standards set by Carrie (1976), The Shining (1980) and The Dead Zone (1983). He avoided the straight horror tactics normally employed, modelling his film instead on retro-inspired classics like American Graffiti (1973) and The Outsiders (1983). Stand By Me's influence remains low-key but profound: its pop-culture discussions ("You think Mighty Mouse could beat up Superman?") would, along with Diner (1982), set a template for the 1990s generation of indie film-makers.


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Directory of African Americans in Lexington, Kentucky: 1893
Start Year : 1893
Compiled by Doris Wilkinson, the directory is part of the Project on the African American Heritage. A copy is available at the University of Kentucky Libraries' Special Collections.
Subjects: Directories
Geographic Region: Lexington, Fayette County, Kentucky
Free Persons of Color in Fayette County, Kentucky, 1838
Information taken from the Directory of the City of Lexington and County of Fayette For 1838 & '39, by J. P. B. Mac Cabe.
Subjects: Directories, Freedom
Geographic Region: Lexington, Fayette County, Kentucky
Free Persons of Color in Lexington, Fayette County, Kentucky, 1859
Information taken from Lexington City Directory. Williams' Lexington Directory, City Guide, and Business Mirror, Volume 1 - 1859-60, compiled by C. S. Williams.
Subjects: Directories, Freedom
Geographic Region: Lexington, Fayette County, Kentucky
Kentucky Directory of Black Elected Officials
Start Year : 1969
The first issue of the Kentucky Directory of Black Elected Officials was published in 1969 by the Kentucky Commission on Human Rights. Issues are available at the University of Kentucky Libraries.
Subjects: Directories, Kentucky Commission on Human Rights
Geographic Region: Kentucky
Kentucky Minority Artists Directory 1982
Start Year : 1982
This directory was the result of a cooperative effort between the Renaissance Development Corporation, the Kentucky Arts Council and others. It was the first official documentation of minority artists in Kentucky. Kendrick Moore conducted a statewide survey to locate as many artists as possible for the publication. The first Minority Artists Conference in Kentucky was held in 1982. Available in the University of Kentucky Libraries' Lucille Little Fine Arts Library and Young Library reference collections: N6538.N5 K450 1982.
Subjects: Directories
Geographic Region: Kentucky
Key Newsjournal (newspaper)
Start Year : 2004
The Key Newsjournal newspaper was founded in 2003 by Patrice K. and LaMaughn Muhammad. The paper is published by LexTown Publications, a company also owned by the Muhammads. The newspaper, published biweekly, focuses on the African American population in Central Kentucky. Initially, the paper was available in Winchester, Richmond, Berea, Nicholasville, Frankfort, and Georgetown. The circulation region has expanded over the past five years. It is only the second of two newspapers in Lexington to focus on the African American community since the early 1900s. The other publication, Community Voice, ceased publication in 2001. In addition to the newspaper, Patrice Muhammad also has a radio show, Key Conversations, that is broadcast Sundays at 10 a.m. on Groovin 1580AM, also available online. LexTown Publications also publishes The Lexington and Central Kentucky Black Book, a resource directory. Patrice Muhammad is a native of Detroit, MI, and a graduate of Central State University. For more see R. Brim, "Paper to feature Black news," Lexington Herald-Leader, 01/15/2004, Business section, p. C1; and the Key Newsjournal website.
Subjects: Businesses, Directories, Journalists, Newspapers, Magazines, Book Publishers, Music Publishers, Radio, Migration South
Geographic Region: Lexington, Fayette County, Kentucky / Detroit, Michigan
Lexington (KY) City Directory - African Americans, 1818
Start Year : 1818
For the state of Kentucky, the earliest published city directory was probably Lexington's First City Directory published by Joseph Charless for the Year 1806. An individual's race was not noted in the directory, though there were free African Americans living in the city. Lexington's Second City Directory published by William Worsley and Thomas Smith for the Year 1818, has the names of four free African Americans, listed as "coloured": James Gatewood, a retailer of liquors on Market Street; Billy Gist of the Western Suburb; Peter Lewis on Market Street; and Henry Quarles on Short Street continued. According to an article in the Kentucky Reporter, 10/30/1820, p. 3, col. 4, the 1820 census of Lexington, KY, included 1,641 slaves and 115 free Colored persons.
Subjects: Directories, Slave Owners, Slaves, Free Blacks, Free Mulattoes in Kentucky, 1850-1870 [by county D-J]
Geographic Region: Lexington, Fayette County, Kentucky
Louisville, Kentucky, City Directories
Start Year : 1832
End Year : 1990
The Louisville City Directories contain detailed information on businesses, government, churches, social, and educational organizations, and the residents of Louisville, KY. Available at the University of Louisville's Ekstrom Library's Special Collections. Several of the directories are also available at the University of Kentucky Libraries' Special Collections Library.
Subjects: Directories
Geographic Region: Louisville, Jefferson County, Kentucky
Negro Motorist Green Book (serial) and Kentucky
Start Year : 1936
End Year : 1964
The Negro Motorist Green Book provided African American travelers with the names and locations of businesses that welcomed their patronage. The book was published by Victor H. Green, a postal worker in New York. The first edition, in 1936, covered metropolitan New York only. In 1937 the book was developed into a national publication that covered the United States, and soon included Canada, Mexico, Bermuda, and Alaska [not yet a state]. In the 1949 issue, the following Kentucky cities were listed: Bowling Green, Elizabethtown, Hazard, Hopkinsville, Lancaster, Lexington, Lincoln Ridge, Louisville, Paducah, and Paris. During the 1950s the publication title changed to The Negro Travelers' Green Book, and the title changed again to Travelers' Green Book before the publication ceased in 1964. For more information see the Negro Motorist Green Book, 1949 issue online [.pdf] at the University of Michigan; and C. Mcgee, "The Open road wasn't quite open to all," New York Times, 08/22/2010, p. C1 [online].
The Negro Motorist Green Book, 1949 edition [.pdf], University of Michigan.
Search the Negro Travelers' Green Book, 1956 at the University Libraries, University of South Carolina website.
Subjects: Directories
Geographic Region: United States / Kentucky


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Sometimes the smallest theatre shows can be the most memorable. A tiny gem from last year's Sydney Festival, lasting only 45 minutes, was The Adventures of Alvin Sputnik: Deep Sea Explorer. A one-man show using animation, puppets, music and one hilarious outbreak of disco dancing, Alvin took audiences beneath the waves in a funny and moving story about the fragility of human life.
Alvin's creators, Perth-based Tim Watts, Arielle Gray and Chris Isaacs, return to the Sydney Festival in 2013 with a new production, It's Dark Outside, which forms part of the festival's About an Hour program, dedicated to short works of theatre, dance and hybrid performance.
Audiences can expect another thoughtful, deeply imaginative work of theatre, Gray says - this time, with no words at all.
''The aesthetic is very similar to Alvin. We still have puppets and projections but it's grown bigger and the story is a little darker,'' she says.
Commissioned by the Perth Theatre Company, It's Dark Outside began as an exploration of the ''wildness in human beings'', Gray says. From there, it morphed into an inquiry into what drives behaviour in old age.
''One of the most interesting things we found was something called sundowning syndrome, where the symptoms of Alzheimer's disease and dementia are heightened as the sun is setting and there is a greater incidence of wandering off,'' Gray says. ''So we started with an image of an old man wandering into the wild at sunset.''
Gray plays the old man, wearing a mask with wing-nut ears, a bulbous red nose and a worried expression, while Watts and Isaacs manipulate a range of puppets, gadgets and landscapes, including balls of cloud-like fluff that represent the old man's drifting thoughts.
''We also have the old man's loyal sidekick, which is a tent, and an evil, mysterious shadow man who is tracking him,'' Gray says. ''One of the theories about why Alzheimer's patients might go wandering is the change in light at sunset and [that] the elongating shadows make them feel afraid. So we drew from that for our shadow man.''
One of the highlights of Alvin was the many handmade props made by Watts's father, Anthony.
Gray says the gadgets are back. ''Tim's dad is an engineer and he loves inventing things so we have a lot of gadgets and tricks to create a little bit of magic,'' she says.
The subject matter and its treatment might be scary for young children, Gray says, but older kids and their adults will be drawn in. ''We don't want people to come and then leave feeling miserable,'' she says. ''Even though the show is dark, it still has a lot of joy in it.''
It's Dark Outside plays at Sydney Festival, Carriageworks Bay 20, January 11-15, 17. Tickets $35. Bookings 1300 668 812.


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At the moment I work in Sales , Building.
I do value my family and friends. I like to spend Sunday visiting my family and friends.
If you like a good laugh and getting the most out of life. Then you will enjoy time with me.
If you want a good colourful time with me and I will play parisian walkways on my guitar, just to make you smile
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