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Is actually the family of my wife! Florence Myrtle TULL is my wife's grandmother.
I'm proud to say Myrtle TULL is my grandmother-in-law.
This TULL FAMILY page is dedicated to my grandmother-in-law Florence Myrtle TULL
one of the warmest, kindest persons I have ever known.
When I started genealogy research on my grandmother-in-law's TULL family all she was able to tell me was that her father was named Billy TULL and her grandfather's name was Tommy TULL. From these meager beginnings and with the help of the TULL on-line researcher group and family members, I have found that the TULL family is extremely interesting and diverse. This hard working and honorable family appears to have descended from two TULL ancestors (Richard & Thomas) that migrated to America from England. Some will say that Richard & Thomas were brothers and some will say they are cousins. Time and further research may uncover this mystery but hard work will be the key to unlock the doors of documentation if they still exist. Until then I will outline what I believe to be the ancestry of my grandmother-in-law and know she would be proud with the result.
Richard TULL, born between 1645-1650 in Midgham, Berkshire, England was my wife's 9th great-grandfather. Richard was transported to America in 1664 by Col. William Waters.
Note: The year Richard was transported in 1664 was only 44 years after the very first colonized settlement in America at Jamestown, Virginia in 1620.
He first married Martha Rhodes on March 9, 1671 in Somerset County, Maryland. Richard died June 11, 1711 in Somerset County, Maryland. Martha was the daughter of Dr. John Rhodes & his wife Katherine and was born March 6, 1653/54 in Southampton, Hampshire, England. (Dr. Rhodes was killed by Indians in 1673).. After Martha's death in 1694 Richard remarried in 1700 to Margaret Polk, daughter of Robert Bruce Polk & Magdalen Tasker. Richard's marriage to Margaret Polk produced one son; Solomon.
Richard & Martha's marriage was blessed with ten children; Rachel; Richard II; George; John; William; Benjamin; Elizabeth; Mary; Sarah; & Richard, Jr. All children except Richard, Jr. were born in Annamessex, Somerset County, Maryland. Richard, Jr. was born at Dividing Creek, Somerset County, Maryland.
Richard first patented land on June 12, 1664 in what was later Northampton County, Virginia. Richard was a "planter". After seven years tending to both Col. Waters & his own land in Virginia, Richard (& Thomas), then "transported" themselves and received 50 acres of land in Maryland. They jointly purchased the land called "Salisbury" from Dr. John Rhodes. This land was on the north side of the Annamessex River, south of Manokin/Tull's/Holland's Creek. Later, Richard bought Thomas' portion and also bought 500 acres of land just northwest of the current city of Pocomoke, on the north side of the Pocomoke River.
To learn more about Martha's parents John Rhodes & Katherine click this. (Later)
George TULL was born May 27, 1677 in Annamessex, Somerset County, Maryland. George is assumed to have married first Hannah Noble daughter of William Noble & Jennett Unknown, about the year1700. Hannah died in about 1731. George married for the second time in about the year 1732 to Elizabeth Dorman daughter of Samuel Dorman & Catherine Stevens. George died about April 14, 1747 in Somerset County, Maryland. The children of George & Hannah are; Sarah; Mary; Rachel; William III; Noble; George II; Jonathan I; & Levin.
Children from the marriage of George & Elizabeth are; Hannah; Leah; Mary I; George III & Jacob.
George TULL had considerable "differences" with his children, especially his sons Jonathan, Noble & William. George tried and was successful in varying degrees to disinherit them. Considerable amounts of court records are available which document the family problems.
William TULL III was born about the year 1707 in Somerset County, Maryland. William married first in about 1727 to Elizabeth Fountaine possible daughter of Nicholas Fountain & Hannah Bosman. This short marriage produced two children; Jonathan Nicholas IV; and William. Elizabeth died about 1732. William TULL III married second to Margaret Richertts. It is unknown if the second marriage produced any children? William TULL III was reported to be a ships captain and was lost at sea in the Baltic in about 1740.
Judene's 6th great-grandfather Jonathan Nicholas TULL IV (aka "Old John Nick), was born May 10, 1725 in Somerset County, Maryland. In 1743 Jonathan married Elizabeth DULL likely daughter of Christoffel DOLL/DULL & Sarah SCHUCH. Elizabeth died of consumption in 1797. Jonathan died on November 2, 1813. Both died in Stokes (now) Forsyth County, North Carolina and are buried at the Concord Methodist Church Cemetery. This union was blessed with three children; Jonathan V; William; & John Frederick.
Jonathan Nicholas TULL V (aka One Eyed Jack), was born in the year 1745 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. In about 1764 Jonathan married Mary Margaret FORREST daughter of William Forrest & Lovina Gresham. Jonathan died March 13, 1825. Mary died in 1799. Both are buried at the Concord Methodist Church Cemetery, Stokes now Forsyth County, North Carolina. This union was blessed with eight children; Elizabeth; George; William Abraham; Daniel Forrest; John Nicholas VI; Luvinia; Mary; & Sally.
An interesting family hand-me-down story is as follows:
The Indians called him "One eyed Jack", the trader who was a friend of the Indians. One-eyed Jack was what they called him because when he lived in Stokes Co., during the revolution, the British had stolen a lot of horses in Stokes. He and a group of men went after the horses. They surprised the British in camp at a place called Hanging Rock, and they defeated the British who ran for cover. But, in the British camp the men found a barrel of whiskey and they became so intoxicated that they were not aware of the return of the British who quickly defeated them, with a lot of lives lost. He lost his right eye in that skirmish and had to wear a patch for the rest of his life.
To learn more about the family of Mary Margaret FORREST click here.
My wife's 4th great-grandfather, John Nicholas TULL VI was born in the Bethabera District on the Yadkin (River), of lower Stockes, Stokes County, North Carolina on October 1, 1775. John married Susanna Baugh about 1791 in Stokes County, North Carolina. Susanna was the daughter of Jeremiah Baugh & Milly Shepherd. John died in about 1861 or after at Jack's Creek, Henderson County, Tennessee. Susanna died about 1855 in Henderson County, Tennessee. Eight children were born to this union; Nicholas VII; John Thomas; Abraham II; Jonathan; Polly; George IV; Archibald; & Ann.
John served in both the War of 1812 & the Creek Indian War as a private then Lt.
Abraham TULL II was born about 1808 in or near Nashville, Tennessee. Abraham married first to Nancy Adaline JONES in 1833 in Henderson County, Tennessee. Nancy was born March 24, 1818 daughter of William Jones & Lucinda Unknown. After the death of Nancy Abraham married second to the widow Eliza A. Bennett on November 11, 1858 in Saline County, Arkansas. Eliza was previously married to Unknown Green. Abraham & Nancy were blessed with ten children; Thomas Marion; Elijah Archibald; Elizabeth Susan; Louis Henry; Unnamed Child; Sophia A.; Eliza Jane; Clara F.; Samuel Bennett; & Harriet Angemira. Abraham's marriage to Eliza produced one child; William H.. Abraham died December 26, 1862 in Salado, Bell County, Texas. Nancy died about October 28, 1858, probably Saline County, Arkansas and is buried in Saline County, Arkansas. Eliza died May 4, 1879 in Grant County, Arkansas and is buried in Marvins Chapel, Grant County, Arkansas.
Abraham & his brother Archibald were some of the first white settlers in Grant County, Arkansas just after 1841.
A very interesting story passed down by Gladys Forbes Richey is as follows and concerns the brothers Abraham & Archibald TULL:
This reference is from Gladys Forbes Richey in notes she recorded while conversing with Thomas Ephriam Tull before 1955. Thomas was the grandson of Daniel Forest Tull, who was Abraham Tull's uncle. "On Sand Creek, when my father (Nathan Forrest Tull) was just sixteen years old, something happened that he never forgot. The year would have been 1833 because father was sixteen. His uncle, John Nicholas Tull, came for a visit from Henderson Co., Tenn. with two of his sons, Abraham and Archibald or Archey. Not knowing that his brother Daniel had left Duck river, he went there first. His brother,
Abraham Tull, was living there but Daniel had rented his farm to William Forrest, and the Forrests had moved on to Mississippi leaving the farm empty except for a few slaves who stayed with the land. J.N. Tull had some trouble with his sons, Abe and Archey and he wanted to get them out of Henderson until things cooled down. Abe had fallen in with some promoters who held horse races and dog fights, with betting, and on Sundays. It caused trouble with both the law and the church. He tried to get his brother Abraham to keep his boys for a while. He had caught Archey making 'moon-eyes' at a slave girl. Abraham was not well and he would not take the boys, so, J.N. headed for Shelby Co., Illinois. As soon as he arrived and told grandfather (Daniel Forrest Tull) about the Forrests leaving, grandfather sent my uncle Joe back to Duck river to take over the family farm. Uncle Joe stayed about eight or ten years before selling out, freeing some slaves, and returning to Illinois. At first grandfather (Daniel) agreed to keep Abe and Archey for a year, but he soon changed his mind. He and his brother, J.N., went to church one Sunday and made the mistake of leaving the boys at home. They found the church about half-empty and a lot of whispering going on. When they returned home they found out why. Abe and Archey and my father who was the same age as Archey, had taken some of grandfather's horses and organized a horse race, with betting. They had to confess what they had done when they returned home with one of the horses so badly windbroken that it had to be shot. Grandfather (Daniel) told them that they were all 'aisels' (jackasses) and he told his brother to take his sons back where they came from and he would take care of his own boy. And he did. He had my father bend down over a stump, pulled his britches down, and laid on the hickory, in full view of many of the family. Worse still, it was my father's last year in school and he had to walk, regardless of
weather, while the others rode horseback. My father never forgot that lesson, but he always wondered what became of his uncle Nicholas and Abe and Archey.
Every June we have a TULL Family Reunion in Chilton, Texas for all descendants of Thomas Marion TULL and Amy CAPLE. Thomas was my wife's 2nd great-grandfather and the "Tommy TULL" that my grand mother-in-law remembered when I started this TULL Web Page at the very top of this page! Thomas was born November 11, 1836 in either Tennessee or Saline County, Arkansas. On August 30, 1853 Thomas and Amy Caple were married in Saline County, Arkansas. Thomas died on March 4, 1921 in Chilton, Falls County, Texas. Amy died January 30, 1919 also in Chilton, Falls County, Texas. Both are buried in the Powell-Tull Cemetery, three miles east of Chilton, Falls County, Texas.
View a genealogy report for all descendants of Thomas Marion TULL
Report updated 5 August 2003
Born: 11 Nov 1836 in TN or Saline Co., AR?
Married: 30 Aug 1853 in Saline Co., AR to Amy Caple, by Amy's uncle Ezekiel Hogue, a Methodist Minister & brother to her mother Elizabeth Hogue Caple, wife of William Caple, father of Amy.
Died: 4 Mar 1921 in Chilton, Falls Co., TX
Buried: Powell-Tull Cemetery, Falls Co., TX
Thomas Marion Tull served his country & his community well. He served as an officer in the Army of the CSA in the Civil War, was an elected member of the Arkansas Legislature, a Justice of the Peace, a Church Music Director, a farmer, and a man of good Christian character.
Thomas Tull served in the Army of the CSA, Company H, First (Monroe's), Arkansas Calvary. He enlisted on 19 June 1862 at Benton, Saline Co., Arkansas, for a period of three years, as a Private and at the time he was wounded on 6 July 1862 was a Second Lieutenant. Note: Serving in the same company was Thomas' uncle Archibald Tull, a Private who was wounded near Pilot Knob, MO, 27 September 1864 and left in the hands of the enemy at the Battle Military Prison, then paroled from Alton, (IL) Military Prison 15 June 1865.
This regiment was organized in 1862 and was also known as the First Trans Mississippi Cavalry. Company H was a company made up of Saline County men who had not enlisted in the first wave in 1861. This regiment was one of the units known as the First Arkansas Cavalry but the only one to be officially designated as such. The men of Company H would spend the entire war in Arkansas, Missouri and Indian Territory under their officers Captain George Brown, First Lieutenant Leonard Tillery and Second Lieutenant Thomas Tull.
During late 1862 the Saline County soldiers fought in the battles of Northwest Arkansas. Some of these were Cane Hill, Prairie Grove and Fayetteville. After leaving winter camp they then ventured into Indian Territory and took part in the battles of Perryville and Scullyville in August of 1863. In September they again fought in Arkansas at the battle of Devil's Backbone near Fort Smith, and at the battle of Jenny Lind. Not until 1864 would this unit see any larger action other than brief encounters with enemy patrols. In March of 1864 this regiment would play a major role in the Confederate victory at Mark's Mills. Monroe's regiment could have also saved the day along with General Fagan's entire command at Jenkins Ferry had they stayed astride the Camden trail at that ferry. While their fellow Saline Countians embarked with General Price on his Missouri Raid, Company H and the whole regiment stayed behind to protect the area around Benton. They would roam as far as the Mississippi River dealing what destruction they could to the Union forces they might encounter. On October 23, 1864 this regiment laid the perfect trap that would later be known as the Battle of Hurricane Creek. In reality only a skirmish, the Confederates lay in ambush just across the creek on the Camden Trail. Their line formed a large half circle with the furthest horsemen being right at the road. The flanks curved around until they almost touched Hurricane Creek. As the Union cavalry approached the ford known as Hunter's Crossing they moved warily since they had heard there was a Confederate force in the area. Yet they rode ahead until they were in the jaws of the trap. The confederates could see they were outnumbered and made a quick but savage attack killing two and seriously wounding ten others. The Confederates then made a hasty retreat taking all their wounded with them. The Union officer reported that they drove the Confederates in wild confusion and claimed to have killed twenty- three. However, a wildly retreating army would not stop to remove the dead bodies so it is not true as to the number of Confederate deaths. A local story provides a more truthful account and states that "four dead Confederates were found and some of the local people, not recognizing the dead soldiers, buried them in unmarked graves in the Bryant cemetery. Later Crosses of Honor were placed over all four." At the present only one of these markers is still in place and one other is being repaired. The marker on Highway 183 was taken from the official report of the Union officer and should not be taken for correct.
At the surrender of the Trans-Mississippi troops on June 2, 1865 at Galveston, Texas the Saline Countians in Monroe's Regiment were operating between Clear Lake and Dudley's Lake in southeast Arkansas.
They never surrendered and joined Crawford's Cavalry and the Missourians who were headed for Mexico. At the Trinity River they also came home to Saline County along with the Saline Countians in Crawford's Regiment.
On June 30, 1914 The Benton Courier ran an article with the Headline: "AN OLD TIME RECORD" which gave the minutes of Organization of Lorance Singing Auxiliary on May 17, 1873 which met at the Fairview Church, Grant Co., AR. According to the minutes that were printed Thomas Tull was elected to a committee that was responsible for arranging music for the session. He was also elected as a delegate to the convention. After the Auxiliary adjourned business, Thomas Tull led a singing session.
In the year 1876, T. M. Tull served as the Justice of the Peace for Banner Township, Saline Co., AR. On page 181 of the Saline Co., AR Marriage Book D, dated 16 Sep 1877, Thomas M. Tull, (JP) performed the marriage for Gilbert L. Barrett & Miss Nancy Riddle.
Following are the personal recollections of Edna Fae Martin Jackson, dated 5 July 1994:
I was in my 14th year when Amy (Amy Caple Tull) died and my 16th year when Tommy (Thomas Marion Tull) died. Uncle Tommy went fishing on Deer Creek most every day and brought home a catch of small perch. Uncle Tommy always carried a grubbing hoe along so as to dig bait an in the time of year to dig and plant trees that came from the bank of the creek. In his yard he had many beautiful trees. He always carried a short pole stick over his left shoulder with a red bandana handkerchief with something in the kerchief. I often wondered what he carried but that I never knew. During the last years of Tommy Tulls life he had a home on a plot of land where Ethel Isabel Tull Welch and her daughter Cynthia Garlene Welch now live 2 miles east of Chilton. Tommy tilled this plot with one mule and a walking plow then planted his corn by hand. He made rows north and south and east and west and diagonal rows. He tilled this with his faithful mule and made above average yield and unbelievably large ears of corn.
One last Saturday evening Mr. T.M. Tull, one of the pioneers of Chilton and Falls County passed to his reward. He was in his 85th year at the time of his death. He came to Chilton from Arkansas about thirty years ago, he having been a Confederate soldier and was at one time a member of the Legislature of his native state. He was regarded as one of the substantial citizens of the county and a highly respected gentleman. His wife died some time last year, and he has a number of children and great-grand children surviving. His sons, Henry, W.A., George, and Marvin, and his daughter, Mrs. Hicks, live at Chilton, while two sons, John and James, live in Arkansas, and a daughter, Mrs. A.V. Brink, lives in Waco. Mr. Tull was a member of the Methodist church and was buried under the auspices of that order in the Powell-Tull Cemetery east of Chilton, Falls County, Texas.
Many thanks to the many Tull Family researchers that contributed to this biographical sketch of Thomas Marion Tull, with special recognition and thanks to our recently departed kin Beatrice Richardson Johnson.
PLEASE VISIT <http://www.juch.net/ptull.htm>
The Powell-Tull Cemetery is a State Historical Landmark
To learn more about the Hicks Family and view the Hicks Family Photo Album
please visit <http://www.juch.net/hicks.htm>
Thomas & Amy were blessed with nine children; William Abraham; Mary Elizabeth; James Archer; Thomas Henry; John Wesley; Sarah Jane; George Primrose; Cora Adeline; & Marvin Ezekiel. All children were born in Saline County, Arkansas.
Thomas served as a member of the Arkansas Legislature and also as a Justice of the Peace (in 1876) for Banner Township, Saline County, Arkansas. Thomas served as a Private in Company H, First Arkansas (Monroe's) Cavalry, in the army of the Confererate States of America. Thomas enlisted for three years in the CSA army on June 19, 1862 at Benton, Arkansas and was wounded on July 6, 1862.
William Abraham was named after both grand fathers! William Caple father of Amy, William Abraham's mother, and Abraham after Abraham TULL II, father of Thomas Marion, William Abraham's father. William was born July 1, 1854 in Saline County, Arkansas. Georgetta Ferguson was born December 21, 1854 in Nashville, Tennessee, daughter of Robert Robinson Ferguson and Argeenta Rebecca Stephens. William died September 4, 1943 in Chilton, Falls County, Texas. Georgetta died April 4, 1925 in Chilton, Falls County, Texas.
To learn more about the Ferguson Family please click here.
William & Georgetta had ten children; Lula Belle; Martin Luther; James Lloyd; Dollie Mae; Julia Pearl; Harvie Lee, Sr.; Florence Myrtle (my grand mother-in-law); Charlie Roy; & Bertha Minnie.
Back Row
Julia, Bertha, Dollie's daughter Rosie, Florence, Dollie
Front Row
Gladys Beard, William Abraham, Griffin Beard, Lou Etta Vasser, Georgetta, Dollie's daughter Sue
Dearest Florence As I'm able to creep around in the house will drop you a few lines. We have all wrote to you and tried to get you two telegrams and can't hear a word from you. Get Gladys to write if you can't. Our dear mama gone. she died saturday eve at 20 minutes until six April 4 1925. We all stayed with her till the last breath was gone. I had one hand Papa the other. She went so easy. Just as calm and peaceful as anybody could go. she talked up until just before she died but we couldn't understand part...her tougue was swollen and seeming a little parlized. she called for you Dollie and Aunt Anah (?) each one of her children. She said she was rejoicing. She prayed prayers all along while she was so low. Florence take it the best you can for we all went there and stayed Luther Loyd Harve Julie and Effie we done all that was in our power to do for her. she didn't want for anything, They buried her Sun. Eve(?) at 4 oclock in the powell grave yd. by Charlie I didn't get to go had to go to bed and take medecine to keep everything from coming up am up this morn. haft to keep laying down. Papa don't know who he will stay with. They are trying to get him to rent his house out. I think it's too soon for him to know what to do he went back this morn to feed the chickens. he's mighty weak looks awful bad. Mama called Billy just as long as she could talk we could always understand that and felt for him on his side of the bed. her casket was grey will send you a piece of her dress they said she looked so natural just like she was going to church Well must close let us hear from you some way it awful hard but stand it the best you can with love to all your sis
VISIT THE FALLS COUNTY, TX WEB PAGES <http://www.rootsweb.com/~txfalls/>
Information for the family of Florence & Charley is found in the BEARD PAGE.
GO TO BAUGH PAGE (coming later)
GO TO CAPLE PAGE (coming later)
GO TO DULL PAGE (coming later)
GO TO JONES PAGE (coming later)
GO TO NOBLE PAGE (coming later)
GO TO RHODES PAGE (coming later)
For a great web site (GenWeb Project) for Somerset County, Maryland click here.
To link to the genealogy forum Tull web page click here.


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Introducing the Bold Statement Bracelet Cuff.
John Woodson 12:55 PM How-to , Jewelry Kit Instructions , New Products No comments
Make a Statement with this Stand-out Piece this Fall Season!Hello Beaders! Our latest Jewelry kit (The Bold Statement Bracelet Cuff) features a 50mm focal piece, combined
with 3 strands of 10 x 1.5mm leather, and is closed off with a heavy duty
37mm Magnetic clasp. This one really does make a statement. This new eye-catching piece definitely isn't dainty.
Materials Needed for the Project
- Bold Statement Bracelet Kit (includes all beads and leather needed)
- A Sharpie (Or other variety of Black Marker)
- Super New Glue (I wouldn't try using anything else. We haven't found anything else that works this good with leather and metal.)
- A Cutting Tool (You can use Scissors or a Nipper Tool)
Step 1: Size it up.
With a 12" ruler, lay your clasp, your center piece and your 3 pieces of leather out. Follow this guide for sizing:
- For a 7 inch bracelet you need to be at 8.5 inches
- For a 7.5 inch bracelet you need to be at 9 inches
- For a 8 inch bracelet you need to be at 9.5 inches.
*Make sure you've inserted your leather into the center piece for accurate sizing.*
Fold each of your pieces of leather in half and cut in the center (try to be as accurate as possible to make things easier later) creating 6 pieces of equal size leather.
*We use scissors here, but you can use any cutting tool you have on hand that will make a precise cut*
Step 3: Test it out!
Put your bracelet together WITHOUT using Super New Glue.
*When working with glue it is always important to measure twice and glue once, because there usually isn't room for mistakes once the glue comes into play. *
We've almost got a complete Bracelet... GREAT JOB!
Lay your bracelet out and measure. Determine if you need to make any adjustments in sizing.
*If you need adjustments, determine the amount and divide by 2. Cut this amount off of each side of leather. For example if you need to cut off 1/2 inch, then cut 1/4 inch off each piece of leather (all 6)*
Step 5: Making the Commitment!
- Place 5 drops of Super New Glue along one of the trenches in the center piece.
- Roll the center piece around to evenly apply the glue.
- Place all three pieces of leather into the trench and firmly
- Push them up into place, the ends should all line up. Allow to dry 15 minutes.
Repeat Step 5 on the other side of center piece.
*Be sure that you leather is in the proper order. It would be really awful if the leather didn't match on each side.*
Place 5 drops of Super NEW Glue along the trench of 1 side of your clasp. Roll the clasp around to apply glue evenly. Place all three pieces of leather into the trench and firmly push them up into place, the ends should all line up. Allow to dry 15 minutes.
*Make sure your clasp is facing the correct way*
Step 8: I feel like I'm Repeating myself.
Repeat Step 7 on the other end of your clasp and allow bracelet to dry for 24 hours.
*It is important to resist the temptation to wear your fancy new bracelet while it drys! I know it's taunting you, but you have to ignore it... even if you have to hide it in a box!*
Flat Leather, and some other cool stuff
John Woodson 5:41 PM New Products No comments
Flat Leather and Sliders!We've gotten in a bunch of cool new stuff this week. We've added flat leather to our new Easy Beading section, and have some great design ideas in there. We're really starting to go crazy with these new leather bracelet systems.
Between the Regaliz, 4.5mm Greek leather and the new flat leather, the designs just keep coming. These new bracelet systems might even be to easy. It reminds me a lot of what was going on with Pandora style bracelets a few years ago.
Here are some of the different designs we've done
Easy Beading - Quick and Easy design project for cool and unique Jewelry.
John Woodson 4:46 PM Easy Beading No comments
Our first release last week has kept us very, very busy. So much so, that i'm almost a week late writing about it, but I thought it was still worth a write up, since its a feature that's staying around.
Below is an image of our first project, which features 4.5mm Greek Leather in multiple colors, Antique silver half cuffs (2 styles available so far), and a spacer bead to help turn your leather into a toggle.
The idea behind this Greek Leather Half cuff bracelet was to mix and match 3 different components, and see what kind of designs you could come up with. We put this inspiration photo of a few designs we threw together, and watch our fellow Beaders go wild with their own creations.
If you haven't had a chance to check out our first "Easy Beading" Design, stop by the shop and have a look!
Happy Beading
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The ideas of Austrian economist F.A. Hayek (1899-1992) had an enormous impact during the late 20th century. Among those who acknowledged his influence have been Nathaniel Branden, Winston Churchill, Ed Crane, Richard Epstein, Antony Fisher, Milton Friedman, F.A. Harper, Vaclav Havel, Henry Hazlitt, Israel Kirzner, Mario Vargas Llosa, Robert Nozick, P.J.O'Rourke, George Orwell, Karl Popper, Virginia Postrel, Leonard Read, Ronald Reagan, Julian Simon, Hernando de Soto, Thomas Sowell and Margaret Thatcher. The Adam Smith Institute named Hayek "Man of the Century." The Wall Street Journal included Hayek among the most influential economists of the millennium.
Hayek developed fundamental insights about what's needed for liberty to flourish. He showed that essentials of a free society, like language, markets and legal customs, arise spontaneously and aren't created by government. He identified fatal flaws of government-run economies. In 1974, he was awarded a Nobel Prize. He received Britain's Companion of Honor in 1984 and the U.S. Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1991.
Born in Vienna, Hayek read Ludwig von Mises' book Socialism (1922) and became convinced that socialism could never fulfill its promises. He learned more as he attended Mises' fabled economics seminar in Vienna.
During the 1930s, Hayek taught at the London School of Economics and, reflecting Mises' influence, wrote a number of books making the case that the boom/bust cycle was caused by government manipulation of money and credit. But his rival, the English economist John Maynard Keynes, prevailed by urging government officials to tax and spend, which is what they wanted to do anyway.
Socialist economic planning captivated intellectuals and Hayek began analyzing it. Mises and other critics of socialism were little known outside of German language publications, so Hayek helped introduce their ideas to the English-speaking world. He gathered some of the most important essays in Collectivist Economic Planning (1935). Expanding on Mises' insights, Hayek explained that the knowledge needed for a successful society is dispersed in the minds of millions, and socialist economic planners could never access enough of it to make good decisions. This is an important reason why their policies go wrong.
Then, Hayek focused on the political consequences of economic planning. He made clear that it meant the end of economic liberty. Government officials, not private individuals in an open market, made decisions about what should be produced, who should get how much and where people must work. Hayek observed that political liberty was impossible without economic liberty. He noted that while most people might agree that government should do a few things, like run national defense, when government tries to do more, it inevitably encounters more disagreement. More coercion is required to enforce its policies and government increasingly attracts thugs who enjoy brutalizing people. As if all this weren't enough, Hayek traced the history of Nazism, socialism and communism back to common collectivist roots, suggesting that even the welfare state, a milder form of collectivism, entailed serious risks to liberty. These themes, developed in The Road to Serfdom (1944) made Hayek famous. The British socialist Prime Minister Clement Atlee ridiculed Hayek, but his government went on to enact peacetime forced labor, vindicating Hayek's warning that a government-run economy sacrifices liberty.
Hayek was denounced, but The Road to Serfdom became a classic. It was translated into Chinese, Czech, Danish, Dutch, French, German, Hebrew, Italian, Japanese, Norwegian, Polish, Portugese, Russian, Spanish and Swedish. During the Cold War, copies circulated throughout the Soviet and East European underground. New York Public Library included it among the 100 most influential books of the 20th century, as did The Times Literary Supplement. Foreign Affairs rated it among the most important books of the last 75 years.
After the success of The Road to Serfdom, Hayek met many friends of liberty in America and Europe. In 1947, he launched the Mont Pelerin Society whose conferences became major gatherings. Hayek gained the respect, if not agreement, of intellectuals around the world.
Hayek explored more issues of a free society. In Capitalism and the Historians (1954), he helped set the historical record straight that free markets, far from making the poor poorer as socialist historians had been alleged, raised living standards for millions who otherwise would have starved. The Constitution of Liberty (1960) articulated principles for a rule of law and included a massive bibliography on the intellectual history of liberty. Hayek further developed his thinking about a rule of law in his trilogy Law, Legislation and Liberty which consists of Rules and Order (1973), The Mirage of Social Justice (1976) and The Political Order of a Free People (1979).
Hayek wrote many essays which abound with wonderful insights. His major essay collections are Individualism and Economic Order (1948), Studies in Philosophy, Politics and Economics (1967) and New Studies in Philosophy, Politics and the History of Ideas (1978). There's some overlap with The Essence of Hayek (1984). Economic Freedom (1991) reprinted pamphlets he had written for the Institute of Economic Affairs, the best known of which attributed chronic monetary problems to the government monopoly of money.
During his long and distinguished career, Hayek taught at the London School of Economics, the University of Chicago, the University of Freiberg and the University of Salzburg.
Find out where you fit on the political map with The Worlds Smallest Policical Quiz.


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For additional information, please visit the Performance Dashboard web page or watch this video.
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For additional information, please visit the Retention Center web page.
The Achievements tool allows instructors and course designers to designate criteria for issuing rewards to students. The two types of Achievements, Certificates and Badges, can be issued for course completions, milestones, or other custom-designated actions.
Achievements are associated with rules integrated into certain activities including: attempts on assignments or assessments; specific grades on assignments, assessments, discussion boards, wikis, blogs, and journals; and marked Review status on course content items.
Mechanisms exist that allow students to monitor their progress and determine what remains in respect to meeting the specified criteria and receiving an Achievement. Students can print or save Achievements they receive.
For additional information, please visit the Achievements web page.
Course Reports
There are a number of standard Course Reports that can be run for all or selected students allowing instructors to see when students were in the course, the content areas they visited, the time spent within the course.
For additional information, please visit the Course Reports web page.


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Goose Island Bourbon County Barleywine Coming to 12oz Bottles
17 January 2013
On Tuesday, we broke the news that Goose Island would be releasing a Bourbon County Barleywine. We showed off the keg label and now today I'm excited to break the news that Goose Island Bourbon County Barleywine will see 12oz bottles. This malt beverage aged in bourbon barrels will come in at a big 15% ABV.


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202 South Allen Street
State College, PA 16801
Store Local: 814-237-3655
Store Toll-Free: 800-993-8697
Online Customer Support: 800-372-9982
A great way to introduce children to building and language at the same time, Eeboo Tot Towers are the wonderfully illustrated, constructive toys that growing toddlers love! Eeboo Tot Towers are a great way to teach basic building concepts, as well as basic language skills, in a fun, creative manner. Perfect for growing minds, Eeboo Tot Towers will keep kids building on their skills as they build little structures!
Site Map © 2017 GROWING TREE TOYS


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Welcome! You are browsing as a guestWould you like to see 6 projects made from this yarn and much more? create a free account What am I missing?
yarns Red Barn Yarn Lace Glow
© Red Barn Yarn
© Red Barn Yarn
80% suri alpaca, 15% fine merino, 5% stellina
gauge varies
Care Instructions: All of our yarns are cool water, hand wash products.
Red Barn Yarn
450 Rosemont Ave.
Pasadena, CA 91103


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And Here's Anne Hathaway As Catwoman In Broad Daylight
Does anyone at The Superficial REALLY think the insurance company is going to let Anne Hathaway ride that monstrous contraption down a flight of stairs? I mean, really, come ON! This is so obviously a stuntwoman. It could even be a skinny stuntMAN with special padding. So, you might want to re-think your drooling over these pictures.
I love the strap on the stuntperson's face to keep the weird goggles on. Going to need some CGI there.
This is not her


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14 items found in this collection
Some day a debutante
"Let's Both Keep That Schoolgirl Complexion"
Most men ask "Is she pretty?" not "Is she clever?"
Proud of his Wife
What's Become of the "Homely" Girl?
"The prettiest girl in her set"
Beauty is Youth at all Ages
Will his eyes confirm what his lips are saying?
Mother's fondest wish for her Girl Baby- "That Schoolgirl Complexion"
Beauty from Trees
The years have not robbed her of her beauty
"You would never guess they are married"
Birthdays matter little
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I have a question as to how grown straight men show affection for each other. I'm 25 Years old, and I grew up in a very lonely household. I had no brothers, and my dad was always very cold. I was always a quiet kid, and never made many friends.
I've since "blossomed" and for the most part I've gotten over my social akwardness. I've made many friends. I have one very good friend, who is like a big brother to me. I really enjoy his company, and I really do love him (As my brother, and yes, I'm straight). I never learned how men show affection for eachother, and I find male affection akward.
How do I tell a macho straight man that he is like my adopted brother, and that I love him, without it being akward for him?
Views: 4042
Just like you told us: "...he is like my adopted brother, and...I love him". My son had a friend, during high school, with whom he is still close. This guy calls my son "...the brother I never had". That says a lot.
You did a really good job telling us...seems like you already know how to express those feelings.
Wait for the right moment, then just say it.
I think it's about time to got acquainted with the term "bromance." Its a great feeling to know you have guys that totally have your back at all times, even more than a best friend. Let him know.
My family was dysfunctional and almost totally non-affectionate. I had to learn to display enough affection to encourage strong enough bonds to live up to my ideals of personal loyalty (which are high).
>> I never learned how men show affection for each other, and I find male affection akward.
Most men in most "western" cultures do. It's an artifact of a taboo on homosexuality, which ironically enough, only homosexuals would have ever been conscious of enough to have developed! (An observation, not a criticism...not bashing anyone...). In very "innocent", traditional societies, friends and relatives can be fairly affectionate. Every once in a while I see two men walking down the street hand in hand, and then it dawns on me "father and adult son" from another culture.
>>How do I tell a macho straight man that he is like my adopted brother, and that I love him, without it being akward for him? Ironically, a very masculine man often feels less awkward about it than less masculine men do: his high testosterone level produces feelings of self-confidence, and he doesn't obsess about his image. This is not universally true, but it's fairly consistent with my own observations. By the way..."losing yourself"...becoming less self-obsessed...opens the door to developing more depth of character...more personal warmth, charm, and charisma. Personally, I usually avoid the word "love" with friends of either gender, since the same word in English is used in many different contexts, including those both of you would feel uncomfortable with. One exception is to explicitly say "I love you like a brother" in the right context. The right context is not when you need to hear yourself saying it (that would be...awkward...), but because he needs to hear it because of a situation he's in.
When he's ever sick, lonely, depressed, in pain, heartbroken (eg, dumped), or otherwise distressed, then use the word freely and without reservation. He'll understand according to the context, and that's when he will need to hear it.
In all other circumstances, show fraternal feelings by using language of solidarity and encouragement.
"We're a team."
"I'm there for you, no matter what."
"I've got your back."
"I have every confidence in you."
"Keep your spirits up, Bud, that's what's important."
"Call me in an emergency. I'll be right there."
If "care" and "nurture" language is feminine, "encouragement" and "solidarity" language is masculine. Get into the habit of expressing encouragement and solidarity language until it starts feeling natural and you get a sense of when it's appropriate (use liberally, just make sure it sounds like something a peer would say, not a superior; it shouldn't sound patronizing).
Show pride, and not jealousy, in his accomplishments. This is important.
I shake hands on greeting (not just meeting for the first time), as I learned from Europeans, and "side hugs" on parting. Full hugs for hurt/pain/trauma/long absence or for that matter triumphs and joy like winning/weddings/great successes/new offspring.
With actions rather than words.
Good observation.
"People" probably referring to men. Most women have no difficulty expressing feelings verbally; if they don't express them--they don't have them! Sometimes they don't even when they say they do!
I dunno if it is true, but I've heard it's because men's emotional centers in their brains are not wired as directly to their brains. Not sure about that. The emotional center is the limbic system which is very central to the brain. It's also known as the "chemical brain" because it floods your brain with mood-regulating chemicals that affect the whole brain. That's why when you are "flooded" with an emotion, it has such a huge impact on your thinking. Except, apparently, on the speech centers of the male brain.
I suspect more likely it is an image thing. Men are hard-wired to cultivate a "tough" image. In our human "one-dimensional" way of thinking, "tough" and "tender" don't go together.
Except they do. There's no logical reason why not. It is to your advantage to show loving tenderness to your kids, your spouse, your next-of-kin, and yes, your comrades (in the original pre-communist sense). And you should show toughness to anyone with thoughts of harming them. There is no contradiction. You have more than enough brain power to handle all the permutations. You can even be tough and tender-loving at the same time, like to young people heading down the wrong life-paths.
Flow. Act according to circumstances, not according to a one-dimensional self-image, that, chances are, SOMEONE ELSE, who doesn't have your best interests at heart, decided was good for you. Be your own man. ;-{)
I don't buy that men are emotionally stunted for not "expressing feelings" like women. Nothing wrong with men doing things differently. Women aren't the standard for a well-adjusted male display of emotion.
I don't buy that men are emotionally stunted for not "expressing feelings" like women.
Neither do I. You probably heard that from someone else; it sounds like a common misandric slur. I accept both genders the way the are, and assume that there are functional reasons things are as they are. Male emotional suppression is probably a result of needing to be functional in a crisis.
My point has more to do with not behaving according to a self-image, especially if it's one you were conditioned to accept by someone else with interests in conflict with your own. The "Golem effect". I make a point of being self-defined especially to the extent of my own self-interests, and living up to as much of my full potential as I can. I can be more than some people would allow me to be.
Nothing wrong with men doing things differently. Women aren't the standard for a well-adjusted male display of emotion.
I agree.
This is the sort of thing I am reacting to:
"I believe that women have a capacity for understanding and compassion which man structurally does not have, does not have it because he cannot have it. He's just incapable of it."
-- Barbara Jordan; Former Congresswoman.
The male is a biological accident: the Y (male) gene is an incomplete X (female) gene, that is, it has an incomplete set of chromosomes. In other words, the male is an incomplete female, a walking abortion, aborted at the gene stage. To be male is to be deficient, emotionally limited; maleness is a deficiency disease and males are emotional cripples.
The male is completely egocentric, trapped inside himself, incapable of empathizing or identifying with others, or love, friendship, affection of tenderness. He is a completely isolated unit, incapable of rapport with anyone. His responses are entirely visceral, not cerebral; his intelligence is a mere tool in the services of his drives and needs; he is incapable of mental passion, mental interaction; he can't relate to anything other than his own physical sensations. He is a half-dead, unresponsive lump, incapable of giving or receiving pleasure or happiness; consequently, he is at best an utter bore, an inoffensive blob, since only those capable of absorption in others can be charming. He is trapped in a twilight zone halfway between humans and apes, and is far worse off than the apes because, unlike the apes, he is capable of a large array of negative feelings -- hate, jealousy, contempt, disgust, guilt, shame, doubt -- and moreover, he is aware of what he is and what he isn't.
--Excerpted from SCUM Manifesto, Valerie Solanas
Those might be considered quotes from the lunatic fringe, except they're not. Women form voting blocks at large to put man-haters like Barbara Jordan, Patty Murray, Maria Cantwell, and many others into office. SCUM Manifesto is all over the web; there must be hundreds or thousands of copies of it, with sycophantic commentary regarding its wisdom and value.
I don't think those beliefs are true; they're nothing but insults. I'm not going to live down to them, and the manner in which I don't live down to them is one of my own choosing.
PPFFTTT HAHAHAHAHAHA that was the most entertaining sudo-science I have ever read.


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Union Area Chamber of Commerce officials must submit a proposal as part of a competitive bid process to manage the license office.
The Union license office came up for competitive bid Monday, Oct. 21, and the Chamber must complete a Request for Proposals (RFPs) to the Department of Revenue.
All 182 license offices in the state will be required to be competitively bid.
"We went through this a few years ago," said Chamber President Stacy Rio. "It happens every few years and I am not worried about us getting a bid."
Bids must be submitted by Nov. 15. Prospective bidders may tour the Union office Nov. 5 from 4;30-5;30 p.m.
In the 2013 fiscal year, there were more than 47,300 transactions conducted at the license office, which generated $160,268 in agent processing fees.
"We run it really well and we have one of the top license offices," said Rio. "I don't think it will be a problem getting the bid."
Contracts are coming up for renewal at the majority of Missouri license offices.
This means interested individuals and groups will have an opportunity to submit bids on operating one or more of the offices located throughout the state.
The offices process vehicle registrations and driver's licenses, and collect vehicle sales taxes.
Contractors can charge fees and earn a healthy profit in some high-traffic areas.
All Missouri license offices were put out for bid under the competitive procurement process in 2009. Contracts were awarded for one year with three one-year renewal options.
The move toward a competitive procurement process of the license offices overhauled the way local motor vehicle and driver's license offices are awarded, and was one of the first actions of Gov. Jay Nixon's administration.
Bidders must have an active Federal Employer Identification Number (FEIN). Additional information on the procurement process is available on the Missouri Department of Revenue's website.
The Department of Revenue, through the Office of Administration, will post a Request for Proposal (RFP) for each of the license offices when they come up for bid.
Interested bidders will have approximately four weeks to bid on operating any of the offices.
Bids will be evaluated on areas such as expertise of the personnel proposed, methods proposed for performing the services and whether the individual or entity is a not-for-profit, political subdivision, a Missouri Certified Minority Business Enterprise (MBE), a Women Business Enterprise (WBE) or a Missouri Service-Disabled Veteran Enterprise.
Once a bid proposal has been made public by the state's Office of Administration (OA), bidders will have to submit a plan that details how the office will be managed. Criteria such as customer service, financial stability, employee qualifications and office security/accessibility are just some of the parameters that the Department of Revenue will evaluate.
Copies of the RFPs that bidders will use to submit their proposals can be viewed at www.moolb.mo.gov.


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Walmart on Tuesday announced it is expanding its Centers of Excellence program.
Pure Encapsulations on Thursday introduced PureHeart Probiotic, the newest addition to the PureHeart Protocol: Screening + Supplements = Success line of nutritional supplements.
Rates of testicular cancer among young men have risen significantly over the last two decades across racial and ethnic groups, according to a new study, and researchers are wondering what accounts for it.
i-Health released an adult-strength chewable version of their probiotic brand — Culturelle Digestive Health Probiotic Chewables.
As part of McKesson's 14th annual Community Days, the company's all-employee volunteer week, an estimated 16,000 McKesson employees from more than 150 sites across the country will come together to create 25,000 Comfort Kits for the McKesson Foundation's new charity initiative, Giving Comfort, the wholesaler announced Monday.
The recent launch of a number of new probiotic products from several large suppliers should be a boon to the popular digestive-support supplement.
A former football coach is joining an effort to educate men about the risks of a deadly form of skin cancer.
Skin care brand La Roche-Posay is partnering with Mollie's Fund, the Mollie Biggane Melanoma Foundation, in its mission to increase awareness for melanoma prevention.
A new resistant strain of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus may be on the rise due to the frequent use of over-the-counter antibacterial ointments, according to a study to be published in the October issue of Emerging Infectious Diseases.
The health benefits associated with probiotics already are well-known. A 2010 MaCorr Research consumer survey reported that 73% of consumers correctly suggested that "probiotics are used to help maintain the natural balance of organisms in the intestine," when asked to define the supplement.
Schiff Nutrition president and CEO Tarang Amin promised to infuse some new energy into the company with his appointment earlier this spring, and he wasted no time with the Schiff acquisition of two probiotic brands — Sustenex and Digestive Advantage — in June.
To celebrate Men's Health Month, Sam's Club is offering free men's health screening tests this weekend at select stores, which will be sponsored by Unilever brands, including Dove Men's deodorant and body wash.
Genentech is seeking approval for a new drug to treat skin cancer, the company said Wednesday.
A new documentary film released by Institut Rosell-Lallemand discusses the discovery of beneficial bacteria and the role they play in our bodies, as well as the latest research on their potential to improve our lives.
Abbott has made a pact with a biopharmaceutical company to develop new cancer treatments by making small-molecule inhibitors.
Eli Lilly is suspending a late-stage clinical trial of a cancer drug amid safety concerns, the drug maker said Monday.
A vaccine for a bacterial infection that affects the gastrointestinal tract has been granted expedited...
Cases of the potentially deadly skin cancer melanoma are expected to almost double before the...
Vitamins and calcium supplements appear to reduce the risk of breast cancer, according to findings...
Kinney Drugs has put together an educational program to teach uninsured patients how to get...
The two takeaways from this story are "the [U.S.] market is expected to grow at...


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found a new home!
Plenty of my friends are looking
for one too. Find a pet to adopt.
I am already neutered, up to date with shots, good with kids, and good with dogs.
Rilee, a Clinton Collie/Border Collie dog was adopted! Here's how you can benefit by looking at adoption as an option to buying a Collie/Border Collie for sale in Clinton, or seeking a Collie/Border Collie dog from a breeder in Clinton.


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BH 100: Covered Up
Placing of Alabama Stakes has kept it from the cover
Placing of Alabama Stakes has kept it from the cover
The morning after her seven-length victory in the Alabama Stakes (gr. I) at Saratoga Race Course Aug. 20, undefeated Songbird was relaxed and happy, said Christina Jelm, who has overseen trainer Jerry Hollendorfer's horses at Saratoga this summer.
Stretching out to 1 1/4 miles for the first time proved no problem for unbeaten filly Songbird as the 3-year-old daughter of Medaglia d'Oro waltzed to a clear lead in the far turn and was never challenged late in the $600,000 Alabama Stakes (gr. I).
J. Keeler Johnson handicaps the Del Mar Handicap (gr. II) and Alabama Stakes (gr. I).
Six challengers will attempt to remove champion Songbird from her undefeated throne in the $600,000 Alabama Stakes (gr. I) Aug. 20 at Saratoga Race Course.
Worked five furlongs in 1:00.64 at Saratoga Aug. 9.
A day after she had her way with an overmatched field in her fourth consecutive start at Santa Anita Park, owner Rick Porter decided Songbird needs to take it to the other top fillies in her division.
The June 18 Summertime Oaks (gr. II) at Santa Anita Park is the hopeful target for Songbird's return, if all goes well as she gears up in training. After that, owner Rick Porter said, "there's a lot of good races on the East Coast."
Embellish the Lace exited the Cotillion Stakes with a leg injury and has been retired, according to owner Alex Lieblong. She won three of six races and more than $440,000.
Embellish the Lace turned it around from a ninth-place finish in the June 27 Mother Goose Stakes (gr. I) and took the $600,000 Alabama Stakes (gr. I) Aug. 22 at Saratoga on the front end.
Jones has Longines Kentucky Oaks (gr. I) heroine Lovely Maria and her multiple graded stakes-winning stablemate I'm a Chatterbox in the 135th running of the $600,000 Alabama Stakes (gr. I) on Saturday, Aug. 22.
In this continuing series about top horses sired by popular sires, trainers share their views on Exchange Rate's offspring. view slideshow
Relive moments from the racing career of Princess of Sylmar. view slideshow
Relive moments from the racing career of Princess of Sylmar.
Evan Hammonds looks at the Arlington Million, Secretariat Stakes, and Alabama Stakes. watch video
Evan Hammonds looks at the Arlington Million, Secretariat Stakes, and Alabama Stakes.
Even-money choice Stopchargingmaria, always prominent for jockey John Velazquez, prevailed in the $600,000 Alabama Stakes (gr. I) for her second top-level win in a row at the Saratoga Race Course meet Aug. 16.
CCA Oaks winner will try to extend her winning streak to three in Alabama Stakes
Coming off a 2013 March sale that sent out its three top-priced horses to win stakes, Barretts Sales & Racing will host its 25th anniversary select 2-year-old sale March 3. Many top national consignors are back this year.
Moving the under-tack preview forward a day to dodge wet weather paid off for the Barretts Sales & Racing March 2-year-old select sale. A nice crowd of prospective buyers was on hand Feb. 27 to witness 104 horses breeze.
Highlights from the career of dual champion Royal Delta. view slideshow
PORTER ON PEDIGREES, by Alan Porter
One of the more interesting features of the last 10 days or so has been the hot streak for young sire sons of Street Cry.
Riding feats override hoopla on final day of Alabama Week. read blog
Evan Hammonds recaps the Arlington Million and Alabama Stakes while highlighting Kitten's Joy and Ken Ramsey's achievement. watch video
Evan Hammonds recaps the Arlington Million and Alabama Stakes while highlighting Kitten's Joy and Ken Ramsey's achievement.
|Breeder / Owner
|Be Fair
|D. Wayne Lukas
|Careless Jewel
|Josie Carroll
|Casanova Move
|Todd A. Pletcher
|Don't Forget Gil
|Mark A. Hennig
|Funny Moon
|Christophe Clement
|Milwaukee Appeal
|Ralph J. Biamonte
|Sweet and Flawless
|Eric R. Reed
|Caress S.
|Jonathan Kiser Novice S.
|Honorable Miss H. (G2)
|A. P. Smithwick Memorial Steeplechase S. (G1)
|John Morrissey S.


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QLD scientists' stem cell breakthrough
Queensland scientists have successfully turned synthetic material into an embryonic stem cell, in a research breakthrough that may one day quell the debate over stem cell therapies.
The process, which derives embryonic stem cells from chemically-synthesised proteins, may eventually eliminate the controversial step of destroying human embryos for stem cell therapies, scientists from Queensland University of Technology (QUT) say.
"The achievement overcomes one of the major obstacles to the approved use of stem cell therapies," QUT Associate Professor David Leavesly said.
"Traditional culture of human embryonic stem cells requires the presence of animal or human serum-derived products in the growth media for the embryonic stem cells to survive and grow."
Scientists hope embryonic, unspecialised cells will eventually be used to grow new tissue and replacement organs to cure a range of ailments from spinal cord injuries to Alzheimer's disease.
"Health regulators have always held serious concerns about the possible transmission of infections to humans treated with stem cells grown in the presence of serum-derived (animal-derived) products," Professor Leavesly said.
"But until now there have been no practical alternatives."
The new technique involves fusing synthetic proteins through polymer technology, whereby many small molecules, known as monomers, are synthesised into a cellular chain.
"(This) provides a completely new way of growing stem cells and has dramatic implications for being able to grow multiple stem cell types - blood stem cells, neuronal stem cells or human embryonic cells - are all possible," Associate Professor David Haylock from the Australian Stem Cell Centre said.
"The idea is to provide a culture that mimics what these cells would see in a living tissue."
The combination of synthetic proteins has been patented by QUT and is being commercialised by Tissue Therapies Ltd, a subsidiary company of the university.
Professor Leavesley said the artificial proteins are also cheaper and more efficient.
"Now we can absolutely control the conditions that they grow in and with fewer components, they're cheaper to produce," he said.


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The department has state-of-the-art computing facilities and equipment. Several servers support the computing infrastructure of the department that includes over 50 workstations running Windows, Mac and/or Linux operating systems. Departmental laboratories include:
General Computing Laboratory
This lab has 25 workstations running Windows and Linux operating systems. It is equipped with media and data projection equipment and also houses an informal library wall. It is available to students 24/7.
Computer Graphics Research Laboratory
(Prof. Dianna Xu)
This laboratory has high performance computer graphics workstations (Mac) and other media equipment.
Emergent Intelligence Research Laboratory
(Prof. Douglas Blank)
This lab has several Linux workstations and a number of robots. This lab also has media and data projection equipment, a video authoring station, and other robotics equipment.
The Information Lab (411-Lab)
(Prof. Deepak Kumar)
This lab has a few workstations.


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Ships Free to USA*!
Master Mixer, variable speed, non-detachable, immersible tube length 16", microswitch, will mix, blend, puree and emulsify up to 25 gallon, w/10' cord and plug, 460 watts, 9000 R.P.M., overall length: 28-1/2. 115V.
- Dynamic manufactures an extensive line of high quality hand held mixers, food cutters, salad spinners, and other commercial food service and restaurant equipment.
Are you familiar with this product? Be the first to review this item!


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The EU REDD Facility supports developing countries in improving land-use governance as part of their efforts to slow, halt and reverse deforestation. The Facility contributes to the overall EU effort to reduce its impact on deforestation in developing countries. Read more about the Facility and its work.
We collaborate with key national and international stakeholders in the public and private sectors and civil society organisations to contribute to local, national, European and international policy-making on land-use governance and REDD+. Read more
We are active in six countries: Cameroon, Côte d'Ivoire, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Indonesia, Republic of the Congo and Vietnam. We follow-up on interactions between REDD+ and FLEGT processes in Guyana, Honduras and Laos. Read more
In many tropical countries there is active engagement with both REDD+ and FLEGT. This provides an opportunity to build on the interactions between the two processes and make better progress on delivering the objectives of both. Read more


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from shadow to light... by denis2Watch
©2006-2017 denis2
a shot taken this summer in place Draguć ...
Looks so old.
great shoot...i like the view and the lighting
Beautiful picture!
and is photograph a hobby for you?
do you use positive film?
i was use in the past...but now is really complicated to get films espec. in my are...this was taken with digital DSLR Olympus E-1...in my gallery you could view a few shotts that i made with a film but they are old and shoot some 20 years ago...
I like positive film too I didn't get used to digital, they are not same..
o, yes ...they are deff. not the same...in fact-as i was 90 % interested in bw photography it was much harder to get a result i want with digital...in the darkroom i was exactly (less or more) know what to do to achieve a result that i want... for bw conversions with digital i mainly use the knowldege from a real bw darkroom...and if someboy like you who use film ask me if the picture is made with film or digital that means i am on good path...but on the end...result is what counts...probably in the past there was a lot of people who was very suspicious to film when he show up...
That is really beautiful
emotional image...
did you use digital or film camera?
did you use digital or film camera?
volim ove teme. lagano ići, mirisati, gledati....
svidjam mucho
There is something about the composition of this shot that makes it great .... even though he is walking "out of" the shot ... it suits the shot and the lighting perfectly!
ovo definitivno zaslužuje fav...
I really enjoy this photo..but have one critcal comment...I wish it was panned to the left some...I have this yearning to see more of where the subject is going. I think that would have made this photo a masterpiece.
Yes...agree,but this is crop for a reason...fact is that on left side was some other person that really dont fitt to the scene and it was very complicated to clone out (another photographer with a lot of gear)...so i deicide to crop him out...
Yes I understand...Sometimes I hate when there is stuff like that that influence a composition that is out of our control.
This the first that I heard that I wrecked the shot Denis!
There is great light and tonality to this and it looks good in B&W, but I remember your colour version which I thought added to it all rather than detracted.
I didn't know that I'd spoiled this one! Apologies.
There is great light and tonality to this and it looks good in B&W, but I remember your colour version which I thought added to it all rather than detracted.
I didn't know that I'd spoiled this one! Apologies.
my fav
odlicna atmosfera, odlicna
brilliant composition, and great framing !
i meni se puno sviđa!
Very good control of the light! A very pretty photography, as usual my friend. Thank you to share these moments with us
Superb one Denis! Great light! direct fav!
perfektno...kao da si vremeplovom odjezdio u zlatno doba Rima...bravo
Nice shot man !


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Root Growth in Pipes
Roots require oxygen to grow. They do not grow in pipes that are full of water or where high ground water conditions prevail. Roots thrive in the warm, moist nutrient rich atmosphere above the water surface inside sanitary sewers.
The flow of warm water inside the sanitary sewer service pipe causes water vapor to escape to the cold soil surrounding the pipe. Tree roots are attracted to the water vapor leaving the pipe, and they follow the vapor trail to the source of the moisture, which are usually cracks or loose joints in the sewer pipe.
Upon reaching the crack or pipe joint, tree routes will penetrate the opening to reach the nutrients and moisture inside the pipe. This phenomenon does continue in winter, even though trees are dormant.
Problems Caused by Roots Inside Sewers
Once inside the pipe, roots will continue to grow, and if not disturbed they will completely fill the pipe with multiple hair-like root masses at each point of entry. The root mass inside the pipe becomes matted with grease, tissue paper, and other debris discharged from the residence or business.
Homeowners will notice the first signs of a slow flowing drainage system by hearing gurgling noises from toilet bowls and observing wet areas around floor drains after completing the laundry. A complete blockage will occur if no remedial action is taken to remove the roots.
As roots continue to grow, they expand and exert considerable pressure at the crack or joint where they entered the pipe. The force exerted by the root growth will break the pipe and may result in a total collapse. Severe root intrusion and pipes that are structurally damaged will require replacement.
Tree Roots in Sewers
Tree roots growing inside sewer pipes are generally the most expensive sewer maintenance item experienced by township residents. Roots from trees growing on private property and on parkways throughout the township are responsible for many of the sanitary sewer service backups and damaged sewer pipes.
Home owners should be aware of the location of their sewer service and refrain from planting certain types of trees and hedges near the sewer lines.
Various species of trees have different water requirements. Trees that demand high water have root systems capable of following water vapor escaping from leaking pipes and will exploit the source inside the pipe. The top six species of trees which exploit the moisture inside sewer pipes are Poplar, Willow, Elm, Ash, Birch, and Sycamore
Other trees and woody shrubs commonly associated with sewer root problems are: Maple, Cottonwood, Russian Olive, Apple, Pear, Lilac, Honeysuckle, and Chokecherry.
During drought conditions and in winter, tree roots travel long distances in search of moisture. As a general rule, tree roots will extend up to 2.5 times the height of the tree, and some species of trees may have roots extending five to seven times the height of the tree.
Who is Responsible?
Property owners have the responsibility to maintain the lateral from the property line to the home or structure. This includes maintenance of broken or plugged lines, root removal, or any other related problems, as well as the operation of sewer system connections and laterals.
Repair, backups or blockages in laterals extending on private property are the responsibility of the owner to whose property is served by the lateral.
It is important to note that sump pumps MAY NOT be connected to the sanitary sewer system.
When Calling For a Plumber
There are several choices of plumbers. It's a good idea to get price quotes from more than one plumber so you can compare rates. There are many other things to keep in mind once you do select a plumber:
The plumber must rod from the clean out all the way to the sanitary sewer main, and from the vent into the house to effectively clean the service line. To effectively clean the sanitary sewer service line, the plumber should use a 4-to-6 inch expanding cutting bit.
What Does Normal Maintenance Mean?
The customer is responsible for all normal maintenance of the sanitary sewer service line on private property as well as in the township right-of-way. So the question is: what does normal maintenance mean?
Normal maintenance is the removal of materials that are flushed, dropped or inserted down the sanitary service line - including toys, baby diapers, construction debris, and tree roots that require less than two roddings per year by a licensed plumber.
All problems on private property are the sole responsibility of the customer. If the plumber is unable to restore service and feels the blockage is in the right-of-way, the customer needs to contact the Public Works Department at 610-933-9179 while the plumber is still on site, and a representative will be dispatched immediately.
If the blockage is determined to be in the right-of-way and the plumber can't get through, the township will determine whether another plumber will be contacted at the township's expense or an excavation will be initiated.
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But oceanographer David Johnson is trying to work out where and why they would be likely to occur in order to make the country's beaches safer.
"I've been looking at what we call transient rip currents - they're also known as flash rips in the United States," Mr Johnson told BBC World Service's Science In Action programme.
"These are rips that can really form anywhere at any time. Rip currents can reach up to one metre per second.
"An Olympic swimmer may be able to swim against that, but your average everyday beach user has no hope of swimming against that."
'Baywatch with science'
Mr Johnson has spent much of his career studying inshore currents and has made the flash rip his latest challenge.
But though his workplace may seem idyllic - he does, after all, spend all day working on the beach - he said that it was not an easy place to do science.
"Even though nobody ever believes me, it's actually surprisingly hard work to deploy instruments in the surf zone because you're getting bashed around all the time by waves," Mr Johnson explained.
"You have to be very careful yourself, in terms of not getting drowned or squashed by your instruments when you go and put them in the water."
The basis of these instruments - called "drifters" - is a piece of grey sewage pipe. Inside is a Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver, pinpointing the location of the pipe every second.
That information is later downloaded, so a map can be drawn of where the device has been and help create an image of where the currents are.
Mr Johnson agreed his method was akin to "Baywatch with science".
"Because these are so small and light you literally pick them up, run in and throw them in the water," he said. "Once it's been out and done its thing, we swim out and pull them back in."
Practical use
From the paths that the GPS pipes take, the speed of the rip currents can be worked out, as well as their dispersion - the extent to which the currents mix with each other.
"What hasn't received a lot of attention in surf zone research is what we call transient-type phenomena - stuff that really is very variable in time and space."
Mr Johnson added that he was hopeful his work could soon be put to practical use by beach inspectors and lifeguards.
"In terms of practical implementation and public safety, it might be nice for the lifeguards that work on the beach from day to day to know that what they're seeing is actually being studied from a scientific point of view."


text:
LaFrance on Federal False Advertising Claims Arising From FDA-Compliant Labels: POM Wonderful LLC v. Coca-Cola Co., 2014 U.S. LEXIS 4165 (June 12, 2014) (PDF)
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In POM Wonderful LLC v. Coca-Cola Co., the Supreme Court held that a misleading food or beverage label may be actionable under the false advertising provisions of the Lanham Act even if the label satisfies the requirements of the federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetics Act and regulations thereunder. Thus, for the food and beverage industry, FDA compliance is not a safe harbor against false advertising claims.
Mary LaFrance is the IGT Professor of Intellectual Property Law at the William S. Boyd School of Law, University of Nevada, Las Vegas. Prior to joining the Boyd School of Law, Professor LaFrance served on the faculty of the Florida State University College of Law and the Florida State University School of Motion Pictures, Television, and Recording Arts. She is the author of numerous books and law review articles on domestic and international intellectual property law, as well as the taxation of intellectual property. Her books include Intellectual Property Cases and Materials (West 4th ed. 2012) (with David Lange, Gary Myers, and Lee Ann Lockridge), Understanding Trademark Law (Matthew Bender 2d ed. 2009), Copyright Law in a Nutshell (West 2008), Global Issues in Copyright Law (West 2009), and Understanding Intellectual Property Law (Mathew Bender 2011) (with Donald Chisum, Tyler Ochoa, and Shubha Ghosh).
Ask the LexisNexis experts - and get a complete answer based on today's law.
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Abbey board approves bid
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Abbey National yesterday approved the takeover bid by Spain's biggest bank, Santander Central Hispano, for about £8.5 billion ($20.7 billion).
The board of Britain's sixth-largest bank had pledged its agreement to the deal at a board meeting in London on Sunday, a few hours after Santander's board rubber-stamped its offer in Madrid.
Santander's chairman Emilio Botin and chief executive Alfredo Saenz were expected to make an announcement in London overnight about the deal which will create Europe's fourth-biggest bank and the world's eighth-largest. It will be the first takeover of a major UK bank since HSBC bought Midland in 1992 and the first by a European lender.
Santander's offer of between 560p and 580p is likely to consist mostly of its shares, which analysts said would make it the first major UK takeover to be paid for with shares in a foreign company. About 30pc of Abbey's shares are held by 1.7 million small investors who may not want to hold Spanish scrip. However, Santander is ready to offer a mechanism through which they can receive cash.
Mr Botin is said to be determined to fulfil his pledge a year ago to propel Santander into the world's top 10 banks by market capitalisation. He believes Abbey's 741 branches and 18 million UK customers fit perfectly with Santander's focus on retail banking, which represents about 85 per cent of its business.
Buying Abbey is a fast track to a major British presence, diluting risk from the bank's sizeable Latin American portfolio. Santander expects cost and revenue synergies of about €500 million ($855 million), mainly from replacing Abbey's outdated systems with its European technology platform.
Santander approached Abbey earlier this year but the Spanish bank was nervous about Abbey's Scottish Mutual and Scottish Provident life insurers. Abbey's announcement two weeks ago that the Financial Services Authority did not require more capital in the insurers prompted another Santander approach and Abbey chief executive Luqman Arnold flew to Madrid for talks.
Investment banks Goldman Sachs and JPMorgan and lawyers Clifford Chance are advising Santander, while Abbey is using Morgan Stanley and Slaughter & May. Abbey's shares added 87p to 580p on Friday after both banks confirmed they were in talks.
Abbey is expected to say the deal represents a 36pc premium to the 425p that analysts said was fair value for Abbey earlier this month. That values Abbey at about 14 times forecast earnings - well above the sector's average of 10 times.
The Telegraph, London


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Chapped + Lip Augmentation Q&A
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Originally from Oak Park, Illinois, he now lives near New York City with his wife and their three sons.
According to police, he had been staying with a friend in a ritzy neighborhood known as Oak Park when he vanished on May 1.
I did not feel well in the morning, but nevertheless journeyed to Oak Park at an early hour.
My father owns that big power boat there; and we live in Oak Park near Chicago.
It ended by my giving my name and address, after stating that the mare was my property, and had been stolen from Oak Park Station.
We knew this place to be somewhere beyond Oak Park, and we asked for £30 per ton.


text:
Ellen Metzger
Professor, Metamorphic Petrology, Geochemistry, and Earth Science EducationPhone: 408 924-5048
Office: DH 319
Office Hours (Spring 2017): M 11:00 AM-12:00 PM, W 3:00-4:00 PM or by appointment
E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com
- Ph.D. 1984, Syracuse University
Research Interests
- Current interests are in trace element geochemistry of igneous and metamorphic rocks and thermobarometry.
Recent Classes
- Fundamentals of Mineralogy (GEOL 120)
- Petrology (GEOL 122)
- Advanced Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology (GEOL 213)
- Global Themes of Science (SCI 110)
- Science, Society, and Sustainability (SCI 255)
Recent Activity (2011-2013)
- Metzger, E.P., April 2013, Pacific Section American Association of Petroleum Geologists Distinguished Educator Award.
- Metzger, E.P., "Bay Area Earth Science Institute", Chevron ($106,300, 2010-2012).
- Metzger, E.P., "California Alliance for Sustainability (CASE) at SJSU", Clarence E. Heller Charitable Foundation ($71,333, 1/15/2012-6/15/13).
- Metzger, E.P. and Williams, D.W., "Geochemical and Petrographic Investigation of Miocene Volcanic Rocks Near San Luis Reservoir, Central Diablo Range, California", San Jose State University Undergraduate Research Grant ($997, 7/1/13 - 6/30/14).
- Metzger, E.P.,"Improving 6th Grade Climate Literacy Using New Media and Teacher Professional Development", NASA ($385,981, 9/01/2011-8/31/2014).
- Cordero, E., Metzger, E.P., and Walsh, E., "The Green Ninja Project", City of San Jose - Silicon Valley Energy Watch ($59,932, 8/1/2013 - 12/31/2014).
Published Abstracts
- Gervais, S. M., and Metzger, E.P., 2011, Preliminary analysis of Borosilicate minerals in pegmatitic leucosomes within aluminous granulites at Ledge Mountain, Central Adirondack Highlands, New York, Abstract #V31F-2594, American Geophysical Union Meeting.
- Gervais, S. M. and Metzger, E.P., 2012, A multi-method study of metamorphism and fluid flow through the May Lake interpluton screen, Yosemite National Park, CA: Abstract #V11A-2742, American Geophysical Union Meeting.
- Metzger, E.P., Smith, G., Cordero, E. C., and Santone, S., 2012, The California Alliance for Sustainability: A collaborative pilot project to build regional advocacy and leadership for sustainability education, Abstract #ED51E-06, American Geophysical Union Meeting.
- Smith, G., Schmidt C., Metzger, E.P., and Cordero, E.C., 2012, Improving 6th Grade Climate Literacy using New Media (CLINM) and teacher professional development, Abstract #ED11E-02, American Geophysical Union Meeting.
- Cordero, E., Metzger, E.P., and Smith, G., 2013, Promoting action on climate change through scientific storytelling and the Green Ninja Film Academy: Abstract ED13B-0771, 2013 Fall Meeting, American Geophysical Union, San Francisco.
- Metzger, E.P., 2013, A model for long-term teacher teacher professional development: reflections from twenty-three years of the Bay Area Earth Science Institute: Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs, v. 45, no. 7, p. 795.
- Metzger, E.P., Santone, S., Smith, G., and Cordero, E., 2013, A self-paced online module for teachers using climate change as a context for bringing sustainability education to the classroom: Abstract ED11A-0708, 2013 Fall Meeting, American Geophysical Union, San Francisco.
Technical Presentations
- Metzger, E.P., October 2013, "Improving climate literacy with new media and the Green Ninja", 42nd Annual Meeting of the North American Association of Environmental Education, Baltimore, Maryland.
- Metzger, E.P., October 2013, "Teacher education for sustainability: examples from San José State University", 42nd Annual Meeting of the North American Association of Environmental Education, Baltimore, Maryland.
Other Professional Service
- Metzger, E.P., April 2012 NASA-NOAA-NSF Climate Change Education Principal.
- Metzger, E.P. (with Eugene Cordero, Grinell Smith, and Cynthia Smith), June 25-29, 2012, "Climate Literacy" workshop for 20 middle school teachers.
- Metzger, E.P. (with Eugene Cordero and Grinell Smith), July 10-12, 2012,"Earth Science,
Society and Sustainability" workshop for 20 middle and high school teachers and four teacher education faculty from SJSU and CSU East Bay.
- Metzger, E.P. (with SJSU lecturer LeAnne Teruya and Will Schweller), July 17-19, 2012, "California Geology and Geologic Hazards" workshop for 30 middle and high school teachers.
- Metzger, E.P. (with Jonathan Hendricks and LeAnne Teruya of the Geology Department, Chevron geologists, and SJSU faculty from the departments of Meteorology and Climate Science, Environmental Studies, Elementary Education and Biological Sciences), September 2011-September 2012: the Bay Area Earth Science Institute presented 10 full-day interdisciplinary Saturday workshops and field trips that addressed earth, life, and environmental science topics; each session served 20-25 teachers.
- Metzger, E.P. (with Jonathan Hendricks and LeAnne Teruya of the Geology Department, and SJSU faculty from the departments of Meteorology and Climate Science, Elementary Education, Biological Sciences and Astronomy and Physics), January-November, 2013: the Bay Area Earth Science Institute presented six full-day interdisciplinary Saturday workshops that addressed earth and environmental science topics; each session served 15-25 teachers.
- Metzger, E.P. (with Cordero, E., Smith, G., and others), two multi-day climate change education workshops for middle and high school teachers.
- Metzger, E.P., and Cordero, E., March 2013: "Energy Detectives", a hands-on workshop for ~ 130 middle school students attending MESA (Mathematics Engineering Science Achievement) Day at San Jose State University.


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One of the heartening aspects of Greengate, as I suppose one may call it, has been the unexpected chorus of voices speaking out on behalf of the ancient privileges of Parliament, so little considered by the Metropolitan Police (or, indeed, the Commons authorities themselves). The sainted name of Mr Speaker Lenthall, who told Charles I to get lost (though in rather more elegant language) has been much bandied about these past few days, as dewy eyed scribblers rediscover finer points of 17th century politics previously known only to Tony Benn. This picture has been reproduced many times. Perhaps the media-political elites have all been as transfixed by The Devil's Whore as they once were by The West Wing.
Tories, obviously, have been furious at the insult done to one of their own. But so to have many others on all sides of the House. The Lib Dems' Vince Cable, the sage of Twickenham, got the biggest round of applause of the night on Any Questions last Friday when he denounced the police action as "an outrage". Even Labour voices have been heard. For example, the former Europe minister Denis MacShane this morning joined the fray. Writing in the Telegraph, MacShane speaks eloquently of the democratic traditions of Parliament now being undermined by the police raid on Damian Green:
Defining parliamentary privilege is not a matter for the Speaker, or the Clerks who advise him. Defending the rights of British citizens, who until last week complacently believed that what they told or sent to their MP would remain confidential and not be seized by the police, is a matter for all Members of Parliament.
We defend our privileges not to be self-important or to defame our foes, but as a vital democratic defence of the rights of a free people in a country that lives under rule of law, not under decisions of the police.
MacShane goes on to describe last week's events as "a mammoth breach in the core democratic doctrine of parliamentary privilege" and to demand that, when the Commons returns on Wednesday,
The Speaker must make clear that never again will the police or any other agent of the state enter into an MP's offices and seize papers unless there is clear and overwhelming evidence of serious criminal, not political activity.
Tomorrow he must make clear that what happened was wrong and will never happen again. If not, then the Commons must assert its rights on behalf of the people who send us to Parliament.
Stirring words. And MacShane rightly identifies the sensitivity of the MP's role - especially when guarding the confidences of constituents - as the most important justification for Parliamentary privilege:
We have no written constitution and no statute of MPs or law of parliamentary privilege. But over the decades, if not centuries, the MP has become a special person in our way of life. He is expected to raise issues and be ahead or sometimes behind fashion in a way that can provoke admiration and anger in equal measure. The MP in the Palace of Westminster (where the laws of the land do not apply, as it is a royal palace) has to be able to meet anyone, discuss anything, and keep on paper or electronic file information that remains confidential to the MP.
The question may validly be asked, however, whether MacShane has been altogether consistent in his support for Parliament and (especially) parliamentary democracy. As Europe minister, he played a leading part in the negotiations which led to the European Constitution and its successor, the Lisbon Treaty, both of which represent huge strides towards the replacement of national democracies with rule by bureaucrats and politicians meeting, often as not, behind closed doors.
When the Irish people rejected the treaty in a referendum, MacShane had this to say in the Times:
No EU treaty can come into force until all signatory nations ratify it. But Ireland represents 1 per cent of the EU's total population and some old-fashioned democrats may feel that 1 per cent does not outweigh the rest of Europe's nations which are saying "yes" to the treaty.
Conveniently ignoring the fact that, unlike the population of the rest of Europe, the Irish had actually been asked.
But of course, "Parliamentary sovereignty" was an issue here too: Parliament, after all, had "debated" the Lisbon treaty before it was rubber stamped by a whipped vote. Indeed, he used that very argument in a piece he wrote in the Observer in August 2007:
The new Prime Minister has spurned the plebiscite populism of Tony Blair and said that Parliament should be the focus of decision-making on Britain's international treaty relationships with Europe. Cameron is hoping to defeat Brown by forging an anti-Brown coalition of Tory, Lib Dem and Eurosceptic Labour MPs to force through a referendum on the new EU treaty and defeat Brown's insistence on the primacy of Parliament.
So is Brown's pledge to listen to the people best dealt with through a populist referendum on the EU treaty? We should be happier that he is poised to restore authority to the Commons. Brown appears to take Edmund Burke's view that Parliament exists to settle the international policy of the nation.
Edmund Burke's is not a name to trifle with. In his most famous comments on the nature of an MP's duty, his 1774 address to the voters of Bristol, Burke declared that the Parliamentarian's highest duty was to exercise his judgement on behalf of his constituents - even if that meant voting contrary to their wishes:
Certainly, gentlemen, it ought to be the happiness and glory of a representative to live in the strictest union, the closest correspondence, and the most unreserved communication with his constituents. Their wishes ought to have great weight with him; their opinion, high respect; their business, unremitted attention. It is his duty to sacrifice his repose, his pleasures, his satisfactions, to theirs; and above all, ever, and in all cases, to prefer their interest to his own. But his unbiassed opinion, his mature judgment, his enlightened conscience, he ought not to sacrifice to you, to any man, or to any set of men living. These he does not derive from your pleasure; no, nor from the law and the constitution. They are a trust from Providence, for the abuse of which he is deeply answerable. Your representative owes you, not his industry only, but his judgment; and he betrays, instead of serving you, if he sacrifices it to your opinion.
It is twisting Burke's fine words more than a little, though, to apply them to the modern MP who, unless a serial rebel, is more interested in keeping the good opinion of the party whips than in the views of his or her constituents - and rarely if ever has much recourse to independent judgement. But then I doubt Burke would have had much enthusiasm for the EU, somehow, and certainly not for the railroading of bills through a neutered Parliament, judging by statements like this:
Government and legislation are matters of reason and judgment, and not of inclination; and what sort of reason is that, in which the determination precedes the discussion; in which one set of men deliberate, and another decide; and where those who form the conclusion are perhaps three hundred miles distant from those who hear the arguments?
Back to MacShane's Times article about the Irish No. "Many countries", he maintained, "have voted not once but twice for a new EU rule book. They will be sore that the French and the Dutch, and now the Irish, have blocked new rules deemed necessary to make Europe work better."
Ah, those pesky voters, daring to challenge the politicians. By "countries", MacShane means, of course, governing cliques.
MacShane's high view of Parliamentary sovereignty - as something that is not to be sacrificed to police high-handedness or popular stupidity, but may validly be ceded to Brussels - seems also inform his approach to civil liberties. According to They Work For You, MacShane has,
Indeed, when David Davis resigned on a matter of principle and asked the voters of Haltemprice and Howden to re-elect him, MacShane condemned his action as "degrading Parliamentary sovereignty".
The MacShane view, in summary, seems to be that Parliamentary sovereignty is a thing in itself, which may validly trump or even be opposed to the sovereignty of the people. Parliamentary sovereignty, without popular support, is either meaningless or represents a conspiracy against democracy - because Parliament, whipped and sidelined, has in recent years done a poor job of holding the executive to account. Rather than representing their constituents to the government, which is supposed to be their job (the job Damian Green was doing quite effectively when he had his collar felt) Labour MPs often see their role as representing the government to their constituents. It is this that has of course led to a catastrophic decline in the image of MPs - something that may have let the plods think they could get away with their abuse of Parliament. For all Denis MacShane's fine words this morning, he is part of the problem.
Monday, 1 December 2008
Speaking for Parliament
One of the heartening aspects of Greengate, as I suppose one may call it, has been the unexpected chorus of voices speaking out on behalf of the ancient privileges of Parliament, so little considered by the Metropolitan Police (or, indeed, the Commons authorities themselves). The sainted name of Mr Speaker Lenthall, who told Charles I to get lost (though in rather more elegant language) has been much bandied about these past few days, as dewy eyed scribblers rediscover finer points of 17th century politics previously known only to Tony Benn. This picture has been reproduced many times. Perhaps the media-political elites have all been as transfixed by The Devil's Whore as they once were by The West Wing.
Posted by Heresiarch at 12:19 pm


text:
Java Fence is a leading builder of beautifully designed and constructed redwood, cedar and bamboo fences.
We specialize in creating unique designs that add elegance and value to your home and are an important part of your landscape design.
Serving the San Francisco Bay Area since 1999.
CA Licensed Contractor #880556


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Organizations are faced with a two-sided challenge when it comes to application testing and development: balancing the complexities and risk around data security against the business need for usable, realistic data.
Data needs to be shared, but that can put it into the hands of consultants, vendors, and IT teams, increasing the risk of data breaches. Too many organizations duplicate data sets, leading to vulnerabilities: