text:
Would you like to save as your currency permanently or for this visit only?
a very clean and cozy place; the foods they provided are excellent, especially the beef and spring rollers; the staffs are so gentle and helpful; I most enjoy the terrace, it has a fantastic view to the mountain and grassland
It's very cheap and I felt comfortable, just like home. It's a good place.
Sunday night there was a terrible noise in the hotel; I guess that the owners or the staff had a party or something. There was shouting and yelling, sounds like someone was raped and it seemed to be a fight going on. For hours there was not possible to sleep because of this noise, and we did not dare to go out in the corridore. We did not get any explanation afterwards, because the one who could speak english, did not appear after this incident.
The hotel is in a nice setting in a quiet location When I arrived I was told the single room I had booked was already taken. I was offered a double room instead, but I was charged half the difference of the cost beween the rooms. I was then informed breakfast was not available until 09:00. This for me was far too late as it takes 40 minutes to get to Yverdon-les-bains centre by train. They could/would not leave any breakfast out ready for the morning but gave me 2 bottles of fruit juice instead.
Close to family.


text: I've replaced the default apache handling module with apache2-mpm-itk. This is a threaded server module, it should reduce the memory use overall. -ben On Wed, 31 Oct 2012, Andy Isaacson wrote: > The webserver on noisebridge.net was paging itself to death with a load > average of 153 and was unable to serve the website. I killed all the > apache worker processes and things seem to be back to normal. We didn't > have a metrics graphing system installed, so there's not much I can do > in the post-mortem. I've installed munin so that we have somewhat more > data in the future. > > The MaxClients parameter at 150 is probably too high for the 2GB of RAM > we have allocated. Looks like minimum "PSS" according to smem(1) is > about 25 MB per apache worker, so I'm going to loewr MaxClients to 50 to > leave some room for mysqld. > > -andy > _______________________________________________ > Rack mailing list > Rack at lists.noisebridge.net > https://www.noisebridge.net/mailman/listinfo/rack >

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Plasmonic Enhanced Type-II Superlattice Focal Plane Arrays
Award Information
Small Business Information
SVT Associates
7620 Executive Drive, Eden Prairie, MN, 55344-3677
Principal Investigator
Name: Wentao Lu
Title: Principle Investigator
Phone: (952) 934-2100
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Title: Principle Investigator
Phone: (952) 934-2100
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Business Contact
Name: Leslie Price
Title: Business Official
Phone: (952) 934-2100
Email: email@example.com
Title: Business Official
Phone: (952) 934-2100
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Research Institution
Name: Stub
AbstractSVT Associates proposes an novel type II superlattice structure to extend the cutoff wavelength and CBIRD SL photo diode structure with unipolar barriers to suppress dark current of SL detectors grown on GaSb substrate. This InAs/GaSb superlattice material system is capable of infrared detection in MWIR/LWIR spectral range, depending on layer thickness of each superlattice period. The goal of this program is to develop high performance type II SL based FPA for 5-14 um detection. Photodetector arrays using this material are of great interest to the NASA for various applications including, in particular, imaging and optical detection, and object discrimination when tracking targets in space or performing astronomical observations. These LWIR photo detectors can also find application to infrared-based chemical identification systems and terrestrial mapping. Applying the dark current suppression and cutoff wavelength extension process to the type-II superlattice detectors should result in higher operating temperature, extended cutoff wavelength, and improved quantum efficiency, all important factors that should significantly enhance FPA operation. We intend to characterize the positive effects of proposed techniques in Phase I. In Phase II we will refine the techniques to realize passive-cooled high-performance LWIR FPAs with quantum efficiency larger than 60%.
* information listed above is at the time of submission.


text:
PI Bala's widow contacts lawyer, says she 'needs time'
Private eye P Balasubramaniam's widow A Santamil Selvi has broken her silence and contacted Bala's lawyer Americk Sidhu to inform him that she "needs time".
For the rest of this story and more, subscribe for only RM150 a year (full news access)
or RM420 a year (full news + full archive access). If you're already a subscriber, please sign in.


text:
Mario Koelling
New Links:
EuropaNova (HTML)
The European Citizens' Consultations, (HTML)
New Analysis
Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung (Hrsg) (2007), Zur Zukunft des Vertrags über eine Verfassung für Europa, International Policy Analysis, Politik Info; Heft April 2007. (German) (PDF)
EuropaNova (2007), Sondage publié à l'occasion du 50ème anniversaire du traité de Rome et de la campagne présidentielle, Mars 2007. (French) (PDF)
Faber, A. (2007), Die Weiterentwicklung der Europäischen Union: Vertiefung versus Erweiterung?, Integration, Ausgabe 2/07, April 2007. (German) (PDF)
Hobe, S.; End, A. (2007), 50 Jahre Römische Verträge – Vorreiter einer modernen Rechtsentwicklung, Integration, Ausgabe 2/07, April 2007. (German) (PDF)
R. (2007), Britain
and the Constitutional Treaty, EUobserver.com, Comment,
Bonde, J.P. (2007), Constitution by the backdoor, EUobserver.com, Comment, 13.04.2007. (HTML)
Joerges, C. (2007), Conflict of Laws as Constitutional Form - Reflections on International Trade Law and the Biotech Panel Report, RECON Online Working Paper 2007/03. (PDF)
Eriksen, E.O.; Fossum, J.E. (2007), Europe in transformation: How to reconstitute democracy?, RECON Online Working Paper 2007/01, March 2007. (PDF)
Europa-Union Deutschland (2007), 75% der Deutschen wollen Volksbefragung über die EU-Verfassung, EMNID-Umfrage. (German) (PDF)
Seeger, S. (2007), Communicating European Values - The German EU Presidency and the Berlin Declaration, CAP Aktuell 6, 20.04.2007. (PDF)
New Documents
British PM Tony Blair and Dutch PM Jan-Peter Balkenende (2007), press conference, transcript, 15.04.2007. (HTML)
Minister of Foreign Affairs and the Minister for European Affairs (2007), Dutch aims for discussions on amending European treaties, Letter to the House of Representatives on the status of discussion on a new European treaty, 19.03.2007. (HTML)
Trans European Policy Studies Association (TEPSA) (2007), 50th Anniversary of Treaty of Rome, Declaration, March 2007. (Word)
03.05.2007 Prodi favours two-speed EU if mini-treaty adopted, EUobserver.com
Italian leader Romano Prodi has said his country will not "sign up just to any compromise" on the revised EU constitution, adding that a minimalist solution - emerging as the most likely deal ahead of EU talks in June - should prompt member states which favour deeper integration to go ahead on their own.
26.04.2007 Barroso forced to change mini-summit plans, EUobserver.com
European Commission president Jose Manuel Barroso has been forced to scale down plans for a mini-summit next month with select EU leaders, amid concerns that it would spark divisions in the bloc.
25.04.2007 Barroso organising mini-summit on EU constitution, EUobserver.com
European commission president Jose Manuel Barroso is in the process of organising a mini brainstorming summit on a new look EU constitution with the aim of giving "momentum" to the ongoing talks on the future treaty. Sources have said the upcoming EU presidencies until 2009 have been invited.
23.04.2007 Germany sends letter to salvage EU constitution, EUobserver.com
German chancellor Angela Merkel has indicated Berlin is going to leave as much of the EU constitution intact as possible making only the minimum changes needed to get sceptical nations such as the UK, Poland and the Czech Republic on board.
20.04.2007 No referendum needed on revised EU treaty, says Blair, EUobserver.com
UK prime minister Tony Blair has said he will come to an EU summit in June ready to endorse a fast-track adoption of the basic institutional changes foreseen by the bloc's disputed constitution - something that will not require a referendum in Britain.
18.04.2007 Poland defends red line on future EU treaty, EUobserver.com
Poland's drive to re-negotiate EU voting rights stems from its painful experience of "hegemonies" in European history Polish prime minister Jaroslaw Kaczynski said in Brussels on Wednesday, declining to rule out a Polish veto on a new EU treaty if other states do not agree.
18.04.2007 Germany more realistic on EU treaty problems, Czech president says, EUobserver.com
The Czech president has praised Germany for having a new attitude for dealing with the disputed EU constitution, shifting from pressure on deadlines to a debate about content, with Berlin issuing a hit list of 12 controversial treaty elements to clarify national positions.
17.04.2007 Blair pushes to drop EU constitution, EUobserver.com
UK prime minister Tony Blair has said that the EU should not be looking to resurrect a new constitution but should rather focus on getting workable rules for the bloc.
11.04.2007 Dutch government favours new look treaty for the EU, EUobserver.com
The Dutch government has said the renewed talks on an
EU treaty should focus on the current shortcomings in the system rather
than aiming to become an overarching "constitutional treaty."
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Today, I have announced my resignation from the presidency of the Council on Biblical Manhood & Womanhood. I've served CBMW since fall 2012, first as Executive Director, then from 2014 as President. It has been a rich privilege and a delight to serve this organization. (I am now a Senior Fellow of CBMW.) I first started [Read More…]
On Leaving CBMW
David Platt: "Don't Squander Your Singleness"
At the CBMW 2014 National Conference, "CBMW and the Gospel: A Brave New Movement," David Platt gave a stirring word on Christian singleness. We at CBMW have heard for some time that people need more biblical material on singleness. We agree, and for that reason we asked David to speak on this important topic. Watch [Read More…]
A Banner Week for CBMW at T4G, and Scattered T4G Thoughts
I am so thankful for last week (April 7-11), the week of the 2014 CBMW National Conference and the Together for the Gospel conference. I have effectively come of age over the life-span of T4G, which began in 2006 in the Galt House Ballroom, the very place that we at CBMW held our NatCon. The [Read More…]
CBMW Is Doubling Down in 2014
I don't know if you noticed, but in 2013, CBMW (The Council on Biblical Manhood & Womanhood) put a great deal of energy into our ministry to churches. In 2014, we're not laying back. We're doubling down. We have had two friends of CBMW offer to match end-of-year donations up to $10,000. We're thrilled at this [Read More…]
CBMW Is Going Places: All Over America in 2013-14
Here's some news–very good news!–from the Council on Biblical Manhood & Womanhood (CBMW). In 2013-2014, we are traveling all over the map to strengthen and partner with churches of the Lord Jesus Christ. Please join us at any and all of the events listed below (we've included a few beyond the fall). This is a [Read More…]
Go Check Out the Brand-New CBMW Website
The new CBMW website has just launched. We at CBMW are thrilled with this new resource. Over the next several days, I'll be introducing you to the various features of the site. Today, though, I want to point your attention to the site itself and invite you to check out our new design. Here's a [Read More…]
Why CBMW Is Excited About TGC '13: We Love the Gospel
The Council on Biblical Manhood & Womanhood will be at the Gospel Coalition's national conference this coming Monday-Wednesday, April 8-10, 2013. We're very excited about this conference, because we love the gospel and count it as the core of all our work and ministry. It is a signal mark of health in evangelicalism that so [Read More…]
CBMW Announcements Wrap-Up: All Five for One Low Price
Over at the CBMW site, we just recapped our five days of announcements. If you missed any of the days or want to have them all in one spot, here they are. You thought the twelve days of Christmas were exciting. We've got some stuff cooking on the complementarian stove that we can't wait to [Read More…]
CBMW Announcement #5: A New Podcast
Welcome back to CBMW's Announcement Week. Today we touch on our final major matter of news. For now, anyway. We may well have more up our sleeve… Monday–New website Tuesday–New channels Wednesday–New book projects Thursday–New staff Friday–New media We have one major project in development under our "new media" category. CBMW will begin a brand-new [Read More…]
CBMW Big Announcement #4: An Excellent New Staff
Welcome back to CBMW's Announcement Week. Today we cover more new territory: our new staff. Monday–New website Tuesday–New channels Wednesday–New book projects Thursday–New staff Friday–New media It's really exciting, in working at an organization, to assemble a team. Speaking personally, it's one of the aspects of this kind of work that I most enjoy. A [Read More…]


text:
Welcome to Tim Doody Limited
Established as one of the UK's premier road marking compaines since 1966.
Our success, has been built on our reputation and commitment to Safety, Service & Quality
We specialise in the application of Road Markings for traffic management systems, Road Studs (Cats Eyes),
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All of our operatives are registered for NVQ with the CITB, hold CSCS cards and the company
is BSI accredited to BS EN ISO 9001:2000
Please contact us for further information or a free quotation.


text:
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Kevin Brown won a T-shirt from the LaRue County Public Library. Another drawing will be held Feb. 28.
Lucas Pepper, a sophomore at Campbellsville University, plans to give up his spring break to serve on a mission trip to Guatemala.
Pepper, who lives in Hodgenville, is part of a student-staff-faculty team traveling either to Haiti, Guatemala, Florida or New York March 4-8
PARKER. Navy Seaman Randi D. Parker, daughter of Janet W. Parker-Brown and Matthew S. Brown, both of Elizabethtown, recently completed U.S. Navy basic training at Recruit Training Command in Great Lakes, Ill.
Parker is a 2006 graduate of Green Run High School in Virginia Beach, Va.
She is the granddaughter of James E. Wood Sr. of Hodgenville and the late Jane Wood.
The LaRue County Public Library wants to show off its newly refurbished Teen Space. An open house is Friday, Feb. 22 from 2 to 4 p.m.
February is "I Love My Library" and "Library Lovers' Month." The Herald News is featuring different staff and services each week this month.
Gospel singing Sunday at Buffalo Baptist
Extension Expo Booth Sign-ups
Booth reservations are being taken for the Extension Expo, 10 a.m. to 2 p.m. March 16, in the LaRue County High School gym. Call the LaRue County Extension office at 358-3401 for more information or to sign up for a booth.
Lincoln Trail Area Development District Board to meet
Lincoln Trail Area Development District Board of Directors will meet 1:30 p.m. Feb. 20 at the LTADD office, 613 College Street Road, Elizabethtown. U.S. Congressman Ed Whitfield will speak.
RELAY FOR LIFE: Lee's Famous Recipe Day
Randell and Shirley Johnson celebrated their 60-year wedding anniversary on Feb. 17, 2013, with their family.
They have three children, six grandchildren and five great-grandchildren.
Randell retired from General Electric after more than 35 years of service. He had a 15-year career in real estate.
Shirley also worked at General Electric.
They were married on Randell's birthday by the Rev. Manley Towles in Jonesville.
Copyright © 2017
The LaRue County Herald is your source for local news, sports, events and information in LaRue County, KY, and the surrounding area.


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Reproduction is permitted for noncommercial purposes.
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have found widespread applications in life sciences. While synthesis of monodispersed AuNPs has been fairly convenient by using chemical reduction of chloroauric acid by sodium citrate, we found that AuNPs of high quality and high concentrations were not readily obtained via this method. As an example, we showed that monodispersed 13-nm AuNPs were readily synthesized at relatively low concentrations (e.g. 3.5 nM); in contrast, 13-nm AuNPs of 17 nM obtained by the direct reduction method were irregularly shaped and not well dispersed. In this work, we demonstrated that AuNPs of high concentration could be prepared by a two-step approach, i.e. chemical reduction at low concentrations and subsequent centrifugation. Compared to the direct reduction method, this new two-step method led to AuNPs with high salt resistance and high stability, which are essential for the preparation of DNA-AuNPs conjugates for DNA biodetection.
Gold nanoparticles have found widespread applications in life sciences and attracted significant research interest. In fact, the use of AuNPs has a long history in biology, dating back to the application of "immunogold" in biological imaging in the 1970's [
In view of the wide applicability of AuNPs, it is important to synthesize high-quality AuNPs in DNA-based biodetection. In certain applications, it is also important to prepare AuNPs of high concentrations [
We evaluated the size distribution of synthesized 13-nm AuNPs via Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). As shown in
AuNPs prepared by method I and II showed distinctly different stability upon salt addition. We found that the addition of 10 μl of 0.1 M PBS to 100 μl of AuNPs prepared from method I resulted in a color change from red to purple (
High-concentration AuNPs are useful for the preparation of DNA-AuNPs conjugates. As shown in
We also tested the salt-resistance of DNA-AuNPs conjugates. We found that the conjugates from method II were highly stable, which could tolerate salt concentration as high as 2.6 M, while those from method I could only tolerate a solution of 1.5 M NaCl. More importantly, the storage stability of DNA-AuNPs conjugates prepared from method II was also much better. As a comparison, the conjugates from method I showed some precipitates only after 7-day storage at 4 °C, while those from method II were stable for at least 30 days. The
In summary, we showed that monodispersed 13-nm AuNPs were readily synthesized at relatively low concentrations (e.g. 3.5 nM) while not at high concentrations (17 nM). We then proposed a two-step approach, i.e. chemical reduction at low concentrations and subsequent centrifugation. Compared to the direct reduction method, this new two-step method led to AuNPs with high salt resistance and high stability, which are essential for the preparation of DNA-AuNPs conjugates for biodetection. Indeed, DNA-AuNPs conjugates prepared from the two-step approach showed much improved stability toward salt-induced aggregation, as well as much longer storage time. These advantages are highly useful for AuNPs-based DNA biodetection.
The thiolated oligonucleotide was obtained from Sangon, Shanghai, with a sequence of 5′-HS-TTTTTTTTTTAGGGTCGGAACAGGAGA-3′. HAuCl4.4H2O (Au content > 47.8 %) was from National Pharmaceutical, China; sodium citrate was from Sangon, Shanghai, and all other reagents were of analytical grade. The water employed in this work was Milli Q (18.2 MΩ). Centrafuging was performed at a Himac CF16RX (Hitachi). UV-Vis spectra was performed at a U-3010 UV-Vis spectroscopy (Hitachi). Atomic force microscopy was a DI NanoScope IIIa from Veeco Instrument Co.
The synthesis of AuNPs follows the work of Natan and coworkers [
For 17 nM AuNPs, we used two methods, that is, direct reduction method (method I) and centrafuging method (method II). Method I: 100 ml of 1mM HAuCl4 was added to a 250 ml round bottle, and boiled. Under rapid stirring, 5 ml of 38.8 mM sodium citrate was added and further rapidly stirred for 15 min. After stirred for 30 min, the solution was then gradually cooled to room temperature, and was filtered by 0.22 μm filter paper. Method II: AuNPs of 3.5 nM was first synthesized by reduction, and then centrifuged to a concentrated solution of 17 nM. We experimentally found that the optimum conditions were centrifuging for 20 min at 4 °C, with a RCF of 11930 g.
Shape, concentration and size-distribution of syntheized AuNPs were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy and AFM.
100 μl of AuNPs (17 nM) from either method I or method II were challenged by PBS (10 mM PB, pH 7.0, 0.1 M NaCl) of appropriate volumes, respectively. Instead, DNA-AuNPs conjugates were challenged by a solution of 5 M NaCl of appropriate volumes. Then the colors and UV-Vis spectra of these solutions were recorded.
The protocol for the synthesis of DNA-AuNPs conjugates was similar to previously reported [
AFM images of 13-nm AuNPs. a) 3.5 nM, direct reduction b) 17 nM, direct reduction; c) 17 nM, centrifuging.
UV spectra of 13-nm AuNPs. a) 3.5 nM, direct reduction; b) 17 nM, direct reduction; c) 17 nM, centrifuging (from bottom to top).
Salt-resistance for AuNPs from method II (top) and method I (bottom).(From left to right: addition of 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 μl of 0.1 M PBS)
UV-Vis analysis of AuNPs from method II (top) and method I (bottom).
UV-Vis spectra of AuNPs-DNA before (dashed line) and after (solid line) centrifugation. a) method I; b) method II.
Comparison of AuNPs preparation from method I and II.
|Size (nm)
|Absorption (520 nm)
|Salt-resistance of AuNPs
|Salt-resistance of DNA-AuNPs cojugates
|Storage stability of DNA-AuNPs cojugates
|14 ± 5
|9 mM
|< 7 days
|12.5 ± 2.3
|44 mM
|> 30 days
We thank the financial support from National Natural Science Foundation (60537030, 20404016 and 30570401), Ministry of Science and Technology (2006CB933000), Shanghai Municipal Commission for Science and Technology (0652nm006, 0652nm016 and 06ZR14106), Shanghai Rising-Star Program and Chinese Academy of Sciences.


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Our services, including tutoring and learning support, are all free to any Nazareth student.
We can help reinforce course content and strengthen study skills, memorization techniques, note-taking skills, and methods to stay organized. All of our tutors are qualified, trained students who have been recommended by instructors.
Open to all students. To request a tutor, please click here. Please fill out a separate Tutoring@Naz Request Form for each course for which you would like to be matched with a tutor.
More information: Tutoring Client Guidelines.
To express interest in becoming a tutor for a course, or multiple courses, fill out the Tutor Application. Tutors must have at least a 3.0 GPA and have completed the course(s) they wish to tutor with at least a B+.
Interested tutors also must enroll in the Tutoring@Naz Moodle page and complete all training and paperwork requirements.
More information: Tutor Overview.


text:
Grriggles® Ruff Rope Collection uses tough rope in inventive configurations to keep dogs amused for hours.
These bright orange rope toys come in sizes and shapes to appeal to dogs large and small.
Grriggles® Ruff Rope Knot Tugs offer three ways for dogs to play.
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text:
So i'm not sure if my eyelid is drooping because I have ptosis or because I have too much extra eyelid skin. To me it certainly looks like I have a little too much skin in both my eyelids. Something I noticed was that my right eye was more droopy than my left and my right eye has way more extra skin than my left. However when i went to visit an expert he told me I had ptosis.
How Can You Tell if One's Eyelid Droops Because of Ptosis or Too Much Eyelid Skin?
Doctor Answers 4
Ptosis or too much eyelid skin
The easiest way to tell the difference between ptosis and dermatochalasis (excess eyelid skin) is by lifting the excess skin off of the upper eyelid. If the actual lid margin itself is cutting across the black pupil portion of the eye, then you may have ptosis. If the eyelid is raised above the pupil all the time even with the excess skin on top of the lid, you just have simple dermatochalasis.
Learn more: http://www.seattlefacial.com
Ptosis vs extra eyelid skin vs orbital dystopia
The two commonly recognized reason eyelids appear to be different is extra eyelid skin or drooping of the eye lifting muscle.
Frequently unappreciated is the difference in set of the eyeball in the eye socket (orbital dystopia). the eye is an oblong sphere, and differences in "set" of the eye can cause profound differences in the appearance of the eye with respect to the eyelid as well as the cheekbone. There is often flatness on the side of the deeper set of the eyeball.
It takes an artistic eye to appreciate the differences between the two sides, and design a solution that does not create absolute symmetry of the eyelids or cheekbones, for example, only to have the ultimate result look very odd because the main reason for the two sides being different was a difference in set of the globe within the eye socket.
Ptosis vs. excess eyelid skin
As you are now probably aware, upper eyelid ptosis is a condition that causes the upper eyelid to appear to be droopy or give a person that sleepy-eye appearance. With this condition, the upper eyelid is lower than it should be (it either covers part of the iris or is very close to covering the iris) and this is caused by a weak eyelid muscle. You may have two problems - excess eyelid skin and a weakened muscle. If it is just excess skin then you should no longer notice the droopy appearance once the excess skin is removed. The procedure for removing excess upper eyelid skin is called an Upper Blepharoplasty. If it is both then you will still have the same appearance after removing the excess upper eyelid skin as the ptosis will not have been corrected by doing a blepharoplasty alone. Removal of the excess skin will not change the position of the upper eyelid.
You mentioned going to an expert and he said you had ptosis. My feeling is that you either did not trust the diagnosis of this person or would be more comfortable in having a second opinion. No one will be able to give you the answer you are seeking without actually examining you. My advice is to get a second opinion from a Board Certified Facial Plastic surgeon, Occuplastic surgeon, or an Ophthalmologist. A qualified physician will know exactly what is causing the droopy appearance.
You might also like...
Ptosis is a condition where the edge of the eyelid sits too low on the eye
Sometimes it is difficult to tell the difference between ptosis and extra skin. Ptosis comes from a weak or torn eyelid muscle. The edge of the eyelid sits too close to the pupil. Extra skin alone can mimic this but when the skin or eyebrow is lifted up the lid either is in a normal position or stays too low.
These answers are for educational purposes and should not be relied upon as a substitute for medical advice you may receive from your physician. If you have a medical emergency, please call 911. These answers do not constitute or initiate a patient/doctor relationship.


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ED Magedson – Founder
Ripoff Report
LocalSplash local SEO Co3540 Howard Way Costa Mesa, California USA
LocalSplash local SEO Co Relevant Ads false advertising ripoff charged for services not rendered deceptive Costa Mesa California
Does your business have a bad reputation?
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My name is Berry Rxxxxx Owner and Operator of J and B Hauling Las Vegas NV I hired Local Splash Feb 2011 to do my online advertising. Local splash promises to get you at the top of Google bing and yahoo search engines well since 2-2011 they've only had me in Google. I paid them 100. Month to advertise for me but it didn't seem to ever get me business for the Last 4 months I've been getting calls for used auto parts and junk yards I haul junk and debris to the dump not sell used auto parts I called local splash 4 months ago about this problem and they blamed it on Google and never fixed the problem as of this report 6-13-14 you can type in junkyards89110 in Google I am presently in A position and it says j and b hauling junk removal not junk yards. OK bottom line is Local Splash does not do what they say except take your money if your willing to be in only one of the 3 search engines your not going to get business just like if you take a motorcycle trike and remove 2 of the 3 wheels your not going anywhere. Do not deal with these ripoff crooks Sincerely Berry Rxxxxx J and B Hauling in business since 11-91 city and county licensed with an A+ BBB Ratinge
This report was posted on Ripoff Report on 06/13/2014 09:47 AM and is a permanent record located here: http://www.ripoffreport.com/reports/localsplash-local-seo-co/costa-mesa-california-92626/localsplash-local-seo-co-relevant-ads-false-advertising-ripoff-charged-for-services-not-r-1154585. The posting time indicated is Arizona local time. Arizona does not observe daylight savings so the post time may be Mountain or Pacific depending on the time of year.
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U.S. Fisheries Killing Thousands of Protected and Endangered Species, New Report Reveals
Nine United States fisheries are throwing away nearly half of all the fish they catch, including thousands of endangered or protected species every year, according to a new report released by Oceana.
The findings revealed that some fisheries end up discarding more fish than they bring to port, leaving behind thousands of dead or injured sharks, whales, dolphins, seals and turtles every year.
About 63 billion pounds of the world's annual catch is wasted – 40 percent of the overall catch. The U.S. is responsible for about 2 billion pounds of discarded fish every year, despite efforts to conserve and manage these mistakes, the report adds.
(MORE: Climate Report Has This Dire Outlook for Us)
Nine of the most wasteful American fisheries were highlighted by the report, which elaborated on the problems each group creates for sea life. Each of those nine fisheries discarded at least 16 percent of their yearly catch, with the worst – the Southeast Snapper-Grouper Longline Fishery – discarding 66 percent. That fishery threw out more than 400,000 sharks in a single year.
"We're allowing the capture and death of whales, dolphins, porpoises, turtles, and more," Dominique Cano-Stocco, campaign director for Oceana, told the Daily Beast.
Here's why these fisheries catch so many unwanted creatures: Gillnets, as long as two miles, are cast from fishing boats to indiscriminately capture all wildlife by the gills and bring them up from the sea floor, the Daily Beast explained. These nets end up killing thousands of unwanted fish, endangered species included.
(MORE: Otters Rebound From Oil Spill Disaster)
In the U.S. or nearby waters, NOAA's National Marine Fisheries Service is responsible for protecting 93 species of marine wildlife that are listed as either endangered or threatened.
MORE ON WEATHER.COM: Fish and Climate Change
The Weather Company's primary journalistic mission is to report on breaking weather news, the environment and the importance of science to our lives. This story does not necessarily represent the position of our parent company, IBM.


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Sydney Adele and Sofia Paige Roberts announce the birth of their little sister, Isabella Grace (Leah Adina), on Nov. 20.
She is the daughter of Jennifer (nee Rubinlicht) and Joshua Roberts.
Sharing in their joy are grandparents Bubbi Roberta and Pop-Pop Jack Rubinlicht, Mom-Mom Judy Roberts, Me-Mom Jane and Pop-Pop Fred Roberts, along with great-grandmother Rose Roberts.
Joining in welcoming the baby are Uncle Phil, Aunt Min-Min and soon-to-be Uncle Jason, Aunt Leigh and Uncle Greg, Aunt Rachel, and cousins Will, Henry and Sam.
Isabella is named in memory of her great-grandmother Leah Goldberg.


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Drake Denies Dissing Jay-Z
Drake recently got the rumor mill buzzing with some lines on two new tracks, leaving some to believe he is taking shots at Jay-Z.
However, the Young Money capo says those bars weren't directed at the Nets partial owner.
The lines in question come from two recently released songs, on "Dreams Money Can Buy" the T.Dot rapper spits,
"My favorite rappers either lost it or they ain't alive."
Then on DJ Khaled's "I'm On One" offers,
"Hate the rumors hate the bullShyte hate these Fawk*n allegations/I'm just feelin like the throne is for the taking. Watch me take it."
Drake later refuted conspiracy theorists tweeting,
"Hov diss? Hov of all people has not lost it…that god body flow"
In related news, Drake was the latest victim of the 'use a Young Money artist to scam a promoter a-thon.' This time, a former associate of Drizzy's is wanted for swindling half a million dollars from a South African promoter.


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The chairman of the board for the railway whose train crashed in Lac-Mégantic last July says the company would have handled the shipment differently if it had known how volatile the crude oil was.
Ed Burkhardt, the outspoken chairman who became a lightning rod for residents' frustrations when he visited Lac-Mégantic several days after the accident, said Montreal, Maine & Atlantic Railway had believed the crude it was hauling was not especially flammable. The company filed for creditor protection last summer after one of its trains derailed in the small Quebec town, unleashing a wave of burning oil that killed 47 people and destroyed dozens of downtown buildings.
"We had misinformation," Mr. Burkhardt said in a recent telephone interview with The Globe and Mail. "If we had known about the volatility of this commodity, that train would have been handled differently."
The railroad executive said he hasn't been back to Lac-Mégantic since his visit one year ago, when he held a widely criticized impromptu news conference several days after the crash. Is he likely to return? "I think not," he said. "I was not well-received there, I was not treated civilly, so, what more can I say." He added, "At the same time, I understand perfectly. This was a terrible tragedy for the town, so I'm not being critical of anybody."
A Globe investigation conducted after the accident showed that crude oil from the Bakken formation, which straddles North Dakota, Saskatchewan and Manitoba, is significantly more volatile than traditional crude. Yet until recently, Transport Canada treated all crude as a relatively low-risk product, placing no additional safety requirements on shippers.
Before the crash occurred, Mr. Burkhardt said his railway had no reason to believe the crude it was carrying was different from any other kind of oil. "The railway guys felt this [crude] was very viscous," he said. "As a matter of fact, we were always told that if you had a container of crude oil and threw a match in it, the match would go out."
When MM&A picked up the 72 rail cars of oil from Canadian Pacific, the manifest describing the product classified it as a flammable liquid in Packing Group III, a designation that indicates the product is relatively low-risk. (The Transportation Safety Board has since said that classification was incorrect).
"We weren't going to have a chemistry laboratory that was going to analyze the commodity when the train was tendered to us in the middle of the night in Montreal," Mr. Burkhardt said. "We tended to take it as it was described. Turned out it was described rather incorrectly."
He declined to detail what the company might have done differently had it known how dangerous the oil was, saying he would have to study the rules to answer the question accurately. "I'm not that familiar with every aspect," he said, adding that he was not involved in the railway's day-to-day operations but had been told by management that the company would have behaved differently.
In the weeks after the accident, MM&A bore the brunt of public blame amid numerous questions about the railway's apparently lax safety standards and the poor maintenance of its tracks.
Mr. Burkhardt said he accepts that the company bears responsibility for a "high degree" of the damage that occurred in Lac-Mégantic, but noted that the misclassification of the oil also played a role in the extent of the damage.
"There was no question that the engineer, who was a representative of the company, and whatever mistakes he made, which were plenty, are the company's mistakes," Mr. Burkhardt said. "So this has made the company liable for a high degree of the damage."
Earlier this year, Quebec provincial police arrested and charged three former MM&A employees with criminal negligence, including the engineer who was operating the train, a railway traffic controller and the former manager of train operations. MM&A was also charged.
Some residents in Lac-Mégantic have complained about the decision to charge only lower-level employees, saying they believe the three accused may be scapegoats for the company's failings. Asked if he was surprised by the individuals police had charged, Mr. Burkhardt said there didn't appear to be a basis for charging anyone more senior in the company. "You know, people wanted me charged. They wanted … God only knows who they wanted charged. But the fact is … both Canada and the United States follow the law."
The long-time railway executive declined to discuss his plans for the future during the interview with The Globe. However, he is still listed as president and chief executive of Railworld Inc. on that company's website. He is also president of a railway in Colorado, is on the board of directors for Wheeling and Lake Erie Railway, and chairs supervisory boards for railways in Estonia and Poland, according to the website.
Those hoping to see MM&A and other companies held responsible for the damage in Lac-Mégantic may have to rely on civil lawsuits that were launched in Canada and the U.S., and an investigation by the federal government into whether the Transportation of Dangerous Goods Act was contravened.
The Quebec government launched a legal challenge in Quebec's administrative tribunal that argues World Fuels, Canadian Pacific and MM&A should be forced to pay for the environmental cleanup, which is expected to cost more than $200-million. The province also added its name to a list of MM&A creditors. A class-action lawsuit was launched in Quebec Superior Court, and a separate set of lawsuits, on behalf of the families of those who died, were filed in the U.S.
A spokesperson for Transport Canada said the department's investigation under the Transportation of Dangerous Goods Act is ongoing and it would be up to the Director of Public Prosecutions to determine if any changes should be laid.Report Typo/Error
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The 300 Sandwiches Lady Got Engaged At Sandwich #257
Stephanie Smith and Eric Schulte — best known as the "300 Sandwiches" blogger and her boyfriend, Poor Man's Alexander Skarsgaard — are engaged … but it only took 257 sandwiches for him to put a ring on it. Smith and Schulte gained notoriety last September, when Smith began her quest for a book deal, I mean her blog, detailing her boyfriend's (joking!) promise to propose if she made him 300 sandwiches. The blog featured recipes for, yes, each of the sandwiches she was making him on that romantic journey, garnering Smith and Schulte quite a bit of positive and negative attention. Smith got her book deal, but it came with a good amount of scorn from the internet, including The Frisky, for the inherent retro sexism of their bargain. Earlier today, Smith posted on her blog that Schulte had proposed and she had said yes. (And then he said, "Now get back in the kitchen and make me my 258th sandwich!" Just kidding.)
Words cannot express how extraordinarily happy I am. Not because I have a engagement ring, but because I'm going to spend the rest of my life having ridiculously amazing adventures with my soul mate. My mouth hurts from smiling.
So was it the 257th sandwich — The "Fishkiller" Fish Cutter — that did it? Who knows, but whatever, congrats to them! They seem very in love and her sandwiches look yummy, so who am I to begrudge them their happiness? But I DO wonder if she still has to make 43 more sandwiches before he actually walks down the aisle. [NYMag.com]


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Research Looks At Role Of Friendship In Marble Strike
03/19/13 7:50AM By Mitch Wertlieb, Melody Bodette
| Download MP3
It was a time of economic hardship unlike the United States had ever seen. In the midst of the Great Depression and labor strife throughout the nation, Vermont wrote its own chapter in this history with a marble industry strike in 1935. Workers walked off the job demanding pay raises and a right to unionize.
What followed was a bitter labor-management struggle, and a somewhat curious non-intervention by Vermont's then-Governor, who opted to let the drama play out even as violent confrontations took place.
That decision has fascinated historian Scott McDowell, who has researched the Vermont Marble Strike and will speak about what he's discovered tomorrow night at Johnston State College.
McDowell tells VPR's Mitch Wertlieb that the Vermont Marble workers did not live in a bubble. They were very aware of other labor struggles going on in America at the time they decided to strike.
Click listen to hear the interview.
Scott McDowell, a Vermont historian and 2010 graduate of Johnson State, will present the college's 29th annual Ellsworth Lecture at 7 p.m. Wednesday, March 20, in the Stearns Performance Space.


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People seeking Adobe re-certification on InDesign raised some red flags regarding some of the certification test content. Adobe looked into the certification tests and agreed that the latest test had some problems. The InDesign test has now been reviewed, corrected, and re-written. The distribution of the new test raises a handful of questions that I'll address here:
Recent Posts


text:
|From: Matthew Flatt (mflatt at cs.utah.edu)
Date: Fri Apr 17 22:03:15 EDT 2009
At Fri, 17 Apr 2009 18:33:12 -0700, YC wrote: > what are some approaches to determine where in code the thread execution (or > multiple threads) hangs? Here's a function that creates a thread to watch a different thread. Every `delay' seconds, it grabs a stack trace of the thread `t': (define (watch-thread t delay) ;; create a new thread to report snapshots of t: (thread (lambda () (let loop () (sleep delay) (let ([trace (continuation-mark-set->context (continuation-marks t))]) (unless (null? trace) (for-each print-location trace) (newline))) (loop))))) Maybe something like that would help you. Here's a basic print-location function to use with watch-thread: (define (print-location i) (let ([id (car i)] [src (cdr i)]) (cond [src (printf "~a:~a~a\n" (srcloc-source src) (if (srcloc-line src) (format "~a:~a" (srcloc-line src) (srcloc-column src)) (srcloc-position src)) (if id (format ": ~a" id) ""))] [id (printf "~a\n" id)] [else (printf "???\n")]))) For example, the following shows where all the time goes when you load the implementation of the main PLT Scheme reference: (let ([watcher-t (watch-thread (current-thread) 0.1)]) (dynamic-require '(lib "scribblings/reference/reference.scrbl") #f) (kill-thread watcher-t)) This is a noisy way to monitor a thread, though. Instead of dumping each stack trace, you might just save it to check later when the thread seems to be stuck. The gprof-like profiler that Eli mentioned on plt-dev works in a similar way: http://list.cs.brown.edu/pipermail/plt-dev/2009-April/000543.html
|Posted on the users mailing list.


text:
Radio Mirchi
Related Stations
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- Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
- Top 40/Pop , Indian Music
- Radio Mirchi
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Trichy roads
coimbatore 641 0186633900
- Visit the station website Email the station


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Between agriculture, landfills, and energy excavation, we now emit hundreds of millions more tons of methane into the atmosphere.
These black holes are a type known as quasars: extremely massive objects that emit more light than the rest of the galaxy.
And make shows of appreciation to those nearest and dearest who emit no static cling whatsoever.
Duck calls are short, whistle-like tools used to emit "quack" sounds in order to lure ducks for hunting.
Somewhere, Descartes must be mulling a new declaration for the modern era: I emit carbon dioxide, therefore I am.
Sam Pardee came out of his abstraction long enough to emit a roar of laughter and an unsatisfactory explanation.
And Mr Powell, flattered and embarrassed, could but emit a vague murmur of protest.
Not being provided with lungs, fishes have no voice, but several can emit grunting sounds.
And Mr. Powell, flattered and embarrassed, could but emit a vague murmur of protest.
The two electric opposites meet, and emit that flash of summer lightning.


text:
Consulting-Specifying Engineer Events & Awards Programs
Click on a program's logo below to read its most up-to-date information:
Upcoming Events
Robotic safety conference, Oct. 14-16
The 25th National Robot Safety Conference, which will be held from October 14-16, 2013 in Indianapolis, will focus on the first update to the American National Safety Standard since 1999. » more
Valve Manufacturers Association marks 75th anniversary
Research and celebration to mark VMA anniversary events » more
AME Lean Summit conference registration open
Registration is open for AME's Lean Summit in Atlanta, which is focused on the theme of leadership for the August 2013 conference » more
Sound and vibration seminar scheduled
NEBB's Sound and Vibration Certified Professional Seminar is Sept. 23 to 26, and will be held at NEBB's Mid-Atlantic chapter in Conshohocken, Pa. » more
Commissioning workshops announced
ACG's CxA workshops and webinars have been scheduled for the rest of 2013. » more
Manufacturers seek benefits from increased connectivity
Rockwell Automation touts the value of the "Connected Enterprise" at its RSTechED event, a user and partner conference designed to highlight discrete manufacturing and process control collaboration tools and technologies, in San... » more
Maintenance professionals to hear from military, manufacturing experts
Process control communications: end user event in Houston
The HART Communication Foundation's free one-day event for end users on June 27 is in Houston, Texas. » more
NEBB retro-commissioning seminar, exam
NEBB's Technical Retro-Commissioning Seminar and Exam will be held July 17 to 20, 2013. » more
ASHRAE call for papers
ASHRAE is seeking papers for its 2014 Annual Conference, which will be held in Seattle, June 28 to July 2, 2014. » more


text:
Buy Your Tickets for Whiskey Myers + Get a Free Download of 'Firewater'
Our hometown Southern Rockers, Whiskey Myers, return to East Texas this Thursday (1/17) at Graham Central Station in Longview. The guys will be fresh off a trip to Steamboat for MusicFest, and a Legends of Rock Cruise with Lynyrd Skynyrd. This show marks their first time in the 903 since Festival on the Square in Tyler, this past October.


text: SoCalRon - Unregistered November 16, 2011 3:26 PM If the Cresent-Yoshimura team is half as good as the Yoshimura Suzuki team that dominated AMA superbike for a decade (with a little assistance from Mladin and Spies), everyone in the WSBK paddock should be a little worried. I'm betting that Cresent is VERY close to announcing John Hopkins as their second rider. GO HOPPER21! 16 agree 1 disagree


text:
Sponsored Products
|Graphic Design Software
|PDF Software
Publisher's Description+
Virtual PDF Printer simplifies the process of creating PDF document on Microsoft Windows 32 bit and 64 bit. Usually PDF documents are created by specific PDF composer software. However, it might be time-consuming compared with the alternative approach, which creates PDF documents from other file formats. Virtual PDF Printer serves as a real printer to convert anything printable to PDF. The printer is a high quality PDF generator with high printing resolution, PDF document information creation, PDF content encryption with passwords protection, PDF access control, PDF scaling, PDF version and compatibility control, and font embedding options.
What's new in this version:
Version 3.0 supports Windows 8 64-bit, Windows 8.1 64-bit, and Windows Server 2012 x64.


text:
et al.,
INVESTIGATION, et al.,
) Civil No. 96-2123
This matter comes before the court on Plaintiffs' Supplement to their Motion to Compel the Production of Documents Regarding their Second Request to the Executive Office of the President ("EOP") Regarding Non-ARMS E-mail, Archived Computer Drives, and Other Computer Documents. On May 17, 2000, this court ruled on the Plaintiffs' Motion to Compel the Production of Documents, but deferred on the plaintiffs' requests as to e-mail and hard drives. On June 5, 2000, this court issued a ruling regarding the discovery of e-mail that had been properly transferred to the Automated Records Management system (ARMS). In that ruling, however, the court still deferred on the plaintiffs' requests for hard drives and e-mail that was not archived on ARMS. A hearing was held on this matter before the court on June 30, 2000. Upon consideration of the parties' oral representations at that hearing and their written submissions, the court will GRANT IN PART AND DENY IN PART the plaintiffs' request for non-ARMS e-mail and other computer documents, as discussed below. A separate order shall be issued this date.
I. Background
The underlying allegations in this case arise from what has become popularly known as "Filegate." Plaintiffs allege that their privacy interests were violated when the FBI improperly handed over to the White House hundreds of FBI files of former political appointees and government employees from the Reagan and Bush Administrations.
The instant dispute revolves around certain e-mail, computer drives and other computer documents, which the plaintiffs assert have never been searched for relevant documents throughout discovery in this case. Plaintiffs request that these items be searched for specific search terms and that all relevant information be turned over to them.
Plaintiffs initially sought to have the EOP search its archived e-mail and hard drives in their first request for the production of documents, served on October 9, 1997. They subsequently filed a motion to compel regarding this request, which this court then ordered to be stricken from the record due to the plaintiffs' failure to confer with the EOP before filing it, as required by Local Rule 108(m). Alexander v. F.B.I., 1997 WL 1106579, at *1 (D.D.C. 1997).
On January 12, 1998, plaintiffs served on the EOP a Notice of Deposition and Request for Production of Documents ("Notice") pursuant to Rule 30(b)(6) and (b)(5) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. The Notice requested that the EOP designate "one or more" representatives to testify on a number of topics, including the scope of the EOP's prior search of e-mail and hard drives for responsive documents.
In response, the EOP moved for a protective order, arguing that it should not be required to search through its entire system of e-mail and deleted hard drives. In support of its objection, the EOP provided the court with two declarations addressing the feasibility and burdensomeness of restoring and searching through all e-mail and hard drives. These declarations were prepared by Laura Crabtree, the Desktop Systems Branch Chief of the Information Systems and Technology Division ("IS & T") at EOP's Office of Administration, and Daniel Barry, a Computer Specialist at IS & T. The declaration of Crabtree discussed the feasibility of restoring files deleted from EOP hard drives and of restoring and searching the archived hard drives of departed employees. The declaration of Daniel Barry addressed the White House e-mail system. (1) The EOP argued that these declarations demonstrated that the burden and cost of performing a search of all e-mail and hard drives, as the plaintiffs requested, outweighed the remote likelihood that the search would lead to any relevant information. The EOP agreed alternatively "to conduct targeted and appropriately worded searches of backed-up and archived e-mail and deleted hard-drives for a limited number of individuals." EOP's Reply in Supp. of EOP's Mot. for Protective Order Quashing Rule 30(b)(6) Dep. Notice ("EOP's Reply to Dep. Notice") at 8 n.7.
On April 13, 1998, this court held that the EOP was "not required to completely restore all deleted files and e-mail as plaintiffs insist." Alexander v. FBI, 188 F.R.D. 111, 117 (D.D.C.1998). In reaching that decision, the court relied on the fact that the EOP had agreed to perform targeted searches of e-mail and archived hard drives for specific individuals, and had invited the plaintiffs to engage in discussions with them regarding the specific searches to be performed. See id. (citing the EOP's Reply).
Plaintiffs then served their second set of requests for the production of documents on October 27, 1998. Request number 19 of this set of requests sought disk mirroring copies of all computer hard disk drives for each computer used by persons in the Office of Personnel Security ("OPS") during Craig Livingstone's tenure there. The EOP objected to this request, stating that all documents located on these hard drives had already been downloaded and searched in connection with this litigation. See EOP's Resp. to Second Set of Interrogs. at 17.
Request number 28 of this set of requests sought all e-mail correspondence to or from five individuals that was recovered in previous e-mail searches performed by the EOP as described by Daniel Barry in his June 11, 1998 deposition. The EOP objected to this request as overbroad and irrelevant. The EOP further responded that it "stands ready, as previously offered, to perform searches of archived White House e-mail within parameters as to date, users, and search terms reasonably calculated to lead to the discovery of relevant information without imposing an undue burden on the EOP." EOP Resp. to Pls.' Second Req. for Produc. of Docs. at 26.
The plaintiffs filed a motion to compel as to their second request for the production of documents on June 14, 1999. (2) Prior to the court's ruling on this motion, however, there were several new developments regarding the discovery of e-mail, hard drives, and other computer documents. These developments are discussed in great detail in this court's prior opinion of June 5, 2000. See Alexander v. FBI, 2000 WL 739231 (D.D.C. 2000). The court will now summarize those developments pertinent to the issues at bar - the discovery of non-ARMS e-mail, C:drives, F:drives and Robert Haas' computer files.
Regarding the e-mail, the plaintiffs discovered on February 19, 2000, that, from August 1996 to November 1998, incoming e-mails to nearly 500 people in the EOP, including top-level employees, were not transferred to ARMS and, therefore, were never and can not now be word searched on-line. See Third Decl. of Sheryl Hall at 2 (Feb. 19, 2000)(attached as Exhibit A to Pls.' Emergency Mot. to Supplement Pls.' Mot. to Compel and Req. for an Evidentiary Hr'g). These e-mails do still exist, however, on back-up tapes. Furthermore, Sheryl Hall, a computer specialist at the White House, also attested that White House officials learned of this problem in May of 1998, and that several employees who knew about the problem were threatened with jail or the loss of their jobs if they told anyone else about it. Id. at 4-5.
Regarding the archived hard drives, the plaintiffs filed on March 7, 2000, as an exhibit to their motion for an expedited ex parte conference, the Fourth Declaration of Sheryl Hall, in which she stated that she had received information from a White House Office of Administration ("OA") employee that the White House was planning to destroy archival cartridge tapes of the computer hard drives of departed White House staff members.
At a hearing before this court on March 10, 2000, the EOP assured the court that "the e-mail in question, to the extent it exists is being preserved, and is not being, and will not be overwritten." (3) EOP's Resp. to Mem. and Order of March 15, 2000 at 1. The EOP also advised the court that as to the hard drives, their current policy is to make back-up, archival tapes of the hard drive files of departed employees, often referred to as "reallocated tapes," and not to destroy these tapes. (4)
On March 23, 2000, the EOP moved to have the court indefinitely stay its consideration of the e-mail issue due to the overlapping investigations of the Department of Justice's Criminal Division and the Office of Independent Counsel regarding a possible White House cover-up of the e-mail problem. The court held a hearing on the EOP's motion on March 24, 2000. At that hearing, the court took the EOP's motion to stay under consideration. At the EOP's suggestion, the court further ordered that the Criminal Division of the Department of Justice provide the court with periodic ex parte, in camera status reports in chambers on the progress of its investigation, beginning on March 30, 2000.
Also at the March 24, 2000 hearing, the plaintiffs first raised the issue of the possible existence of a "zip" disk containing several e-mail messages. This disk was made from the F: drive file of Robert Haas, a White House computer specialist. Counsel for the EOP, James Gilligan, responded that he had recently become aware that such a "zip" disk did exist. He further represented that he would later provide additional assurance to the court that the disk was being preserved. On March 27, 2000, Mr. Gilligan provided this assurance in the form of a letter to the court stating that the "zip" disk was being stored in the custody of Charles Easley, EOP Security Officer, under the same conditions of security as the 3,400 e-mail back-up tapes, as described in Mr. Easley's earlier affidavit.
On April 3, 2000, the EOP filed its response to the plaintiffs' motion for an evidentiary hearing on the preservation of hard drives. The EOP provided the declaration of Michael Lyle, Director of the Office of Administration, who stated that the EOP had no plan to alter or destroy the reallocated tapes of the hard-drive files of departed employees. He further stated that he had assigned the task of safeguarding these tapes to Mr. Easley, the EOP Security Officer. Easley provided a second declaration attesting that he was preserving the 600 reallocated tapes, in addition to the Haas "zip" disk and the 3,400 system back-up tapes containing e-mail, and describing the manner in which they were being preserved.
On April 27, 2000, the court held another hearing regarding this dispute. At that hearing, the court again denied the plaintiffs' request that the court take custody of the e-mail back-up tapes, hard drives and "zip" disk. The court held the plaintiffs' motion for an evidentiary hearing and the plaintiffs' motion for an order to show cause concerning the "zip" disk in abeyance so as not to interfere with the Department of Justice's criminal investigation into the matter. The court then stated that it would first rule on the issue of the search to be performed regarding e-mail that had been successfully transferred to ARMS, and then later issue a separate order regarding the search of non-ARMS e-mail, hard drives, F:drives, and other computer documents.
On May 17, 2000, the court issued an order regarding the plaintiffs' second request for the production of documents, but deferring on those requests concerning hard drives and e-mails. The court then issued, on June 5, 2000, an order regarding the search to be performed on all e-mail that was properly transferred to ARMS. Having so ruled, the court now turns to the search to be performed on non-ARMS e-mail and other computer storage devices, such as hard drives, F:drives, and zip disks. (5)
The plaintiffs filed their supplemental brief regarding the search of non-ARMS e-mail, hard drives, and other computer documents on May 5, 2000. The EOP filed their response on June 5, 2000. The plaintiffs then filed their reply on June 14, 2000. On June 30, 2000, the court held a hearing on these issues. At that hearing, the EOP represented that it had not yet started restoring the back-up tapes containing the non-ARMS e-mail. The plaintiffs, in response, requested that the court hold an evidentiary hearing regarding the EOP's efforts to restore non-ARMS e-mail so that it may be searched for relevant information, and renewed their request that the court appoint a special master to oversee a search of the non-ARMS e-mail, the archived C: drives, the F: drives, and Robert Haas' computer files.
A. Non-ARMS E-mail
Plaintiffs originally requested that the EOP be required to search all e-mail that was not transferred to the ARMS system. The EOP responded that the search of the non-ARMS e-mails should be limited to the same parameters established for the ARMS e-mail. This court issued its ruling on the ARMS search on June 5, 2000. Subsequently, the plaintiffs, in their reply, modified their request and now seek that the non-ARMS e-mail be searched in accordance with those parameters set by the court for the ARMS e-mail, with the addition of a few search terms.
The plaintiffs seek to add the search terms "FBI data," "FBI raw data," "FBI reports," "FBI summaries," and "FBI background" to the list of search terms used regarding Filegate. Plaintiffs originally requested, in their ARMS e-mail brief, that both "FBI" and "FBI files" be used as search terms. The court rejected the use of "FBI" as a search term, however, as overly broad, allowing only the more narrow term "FBI files" to be used. Alexander v. FBI, 2000 WL 739231, *11 (D.D.C. June 5, 2000). The plaintiffs now argue that the term "FBI files" alone may inadvertently exclude relevant e-mail, and, therefore, request that these additional terms be used. At the June 30, 2000, hearing, the EOP stated that it did not object to these additional terms. Therefore, as both parties agree, the search of the non-ARMS e-mails shall be conducted in the same manner as set out by this court's June 5, 2000 order, with the addition of "FBI data," "FBI raw data," "FBI reports," "FBI summaries," and "FBI background" to the list of search terms used regarding Filegate.
The plaintiffs seek to have responsive non-ARMS e-mail, as well as other requested computer documents, produced to them within 30 days. They contend that, despite the EOP's statements to the contrary, production within this timeframe is, in fact, possible. The plaintiffs allege that the EOP is "purposefully acting in a way so as to make the [non-ARMS e-mail] 'fix' expensive and time-consuming . . . ." Pls.' Reply to EOP's Response to Pls.' Supplement to Pls.' Mot. to Compel Produc. of Docs. at 4. Accordingly, they request that the court hold an evidentiary hearing to determine the most expeditious manner to perform the search and produce any results. They further request that, in order to avoid any inordinate delay, the court appoint a special master to oversee the restoration and search of the non-ARMS e-mail. (6)
The EOP argues, however, that it is proceeding with the reconstruction process as quickly as possible, while still ensuring complete and accurate data recovery and preservation of original data. They argue that the reconstruction effort is a complex undertaking, involving a number of technical variables, that necessarily requires a significant amount of time to undertake.
In support of this argument, the EOP provided the court with the declaration of Gregory Ekberg. Ekberg is a project manager with Vistronix, Inc., an information technology company that was retained by the EOP to provide independent validation and verification ("IV&V") of the e-mail restoration process. See Eckberg Declaration at �4 (June 2, 2000). In his declaration, Ekberg states that the back-up tapes containing non-ARMS e-mail are not formatted in a manner that allows access to individual user files or searches of the text therein. Id. at �10. Therefore, according to Ekberg, the data on the tapes must first be extracted and restored to a readable and searchable format before any search is performed. Id. Ekberg further explains that this process will consist of two phases; (1) the pre-processing phase, and (2) the data extraction and "de-duping" phase. Id. at �15.
The pre-processing phase includes such tasks as defining the project requirements, designing the computer system, acquiring and/or developing the required system hardware and software, developing the processes, procedures, and methodologies to be followed in carrying out the reconstruction, obtaining operator security clearance, training the operators, and testing the system. Id. at �16. This phase also includes preparing a working copy and a control copy of each original back-up tape from which e-mail is to be restored, in order to ensure that the original data is preserved. Id. at �17. (7)
The EOP's plan, according to Ekberg, is to copy an initial test batch of tapes to determine whether the system is working properly, to correct any problems if it is not, and "to gather performance metrics to extrapolate a timetable for tape duplication." Id. at �20. Once this is performed, the tape copying can then begin. The EOP's goal is to copy 24-44 tapes per day. Id. Ekberg stated in his declaration that the EOP planned to complete testing and be ready to begin copying tapes by mid-to-late June 2000. Id.
After the tapes are copied and the pre-processing phase has been completed, the restoration process then enters the second phase, extraction and de-duping. Id. at �21. According to Ekberg, the extraction process involves reading the data on the working tape copies, extracting any unrecorded e-mail messages contained thereon, and copying them into a database in a word-searchable format. Id. Ekberg further states that, "because the e-mails on the various back-up tapes were created in different software environments (the White House uses LOTUS Notes, for example, while OVP uses CC: Mail), a process will have to be developed to convert the extracted e-mails into a common file format so that they can be loaded into a common, searchable database." Id.
All e-mail duplicates would then need to be eliminated, a process call "de-duping." Id. at �22. According to Ekberg, this is necessary because, as these tapes are the result of periodic system-wide back-ups, the same data often appears again and again from one set of back-up tapes to the next. Id. Thus, Ekberg states, it is much more efficient to delete the duplicates before performing the search, rather than eliminating them manually during the production process. Id. Then, once the extraction and de-duping process is complete, the search of the non-ARMS e-mail can finally begin.
The EOP, however, is unable to provide the court with even a rough estimate of how long this process would take to complete. Ekberg states in his declaration
It is not now possible to provide a meaningful estimate of the time to project completion. Project requirements, software specification and data-processing methodologies are still being defined at several phases of the project. There are several unresolved technical issues with the project, and other unknowns . . . that can impact the time to completion.
Id. at �12. These unresolved issues include determining what equipment should be used to copy the tapes and developing a process to convert the e-mails, once they are extracted, into a common file format so that they can be loaded on one searchable database. See id. at ��20-21. The only estimate that Ekberg has given to the court is that the White House hoped to have completed testing and be ready to copy the first identified batch of tapes (8) by mid-to-late June 2000. See id. at �20.
This estimate, however, proved to be incorrect. At the hearing before this court on June 30, 2000, the EOP stated that it was not yet ready to begin copying tapes as it had been unable to find a tape duplication system to meet its needs. The EOP explained that it first attempted to use a tape duplication system recommended to it by certain investigative bodies, but that system, upon testing by the EOP, was found to be insufficient as it could only copy two tapes per day, well below the "EOP's goal of 24-44 tapes per day." Id. at �26. Accordingly, the EOP stated, it then submitted a second duplication system to the investigative bodies involved for their testing and approval. See id. That second system was approved and sent to the EOP for "stress-testing" to determine if it could meet the EOP's 24-44 tapes per day goal. See id. According to the EOP, however, that system broke down during stress-testing, requiring the EOP to identify and propose a third system, which is now being examined by the investigative bodies for their approval. The EOP stated that, because of these technical problems, it has not yet copied any tapes, much less extracted any e-mail thereon, despite the fact that it has now had twenty weeks to do so.
The EOP does not explain, however, exactly how these technical issues have prevented it from copying even one e-mail back-up tape. As noted above, the first tape duplication system, recommended to the EOP by the investigative bodies involved, had the ability to copy two tapes per day. See id. Had the EOP begun copying tapes on that system, well over 200 back-up tapes would now be copied. The EOP states that, in order to "expedite the availability of the searchable data," it did not begin copying tapes on this system because its rate of only two tapes per day did not meet its goal of 24-44 tapes per day. (9) Id. at �24, 26. Elementary mathematics illustrates, however, that copying two tapes each day is better than none. By analogy, if the data at issue were in hard-copy rather than computer form, the EOP's position would essentially be that it need not copy or produce a single document until it could find a copier capable of reproducing large quantities of the documents together. This court cannot accept such a preposterous position.
The EOP's argument is particularly bewildering in light of its statement that it planned to divide the tapes into smaller groups for processing on a "rolling basis" in order to make e-mail available for searching more quickly. Id. at �24-25. Accordingly, as the EOP itself acknowledges, once a few tapes are copied, even at a rate of only two per day, the e-mail on those tapes can then be extracted, de-duped and made available for searching. Therefore, had the EOP begun copying tapes, not only would some data now be available for searching, but also the EOP could have tested its capability to complete the restoration process, modified its plan as necessary, and developed an estimate for when the entire process could be completed.
The EOP did not do this, however. Nor has it provided the court with any explanation of why it did not do so. Instead, after twenty weeks, the EOP has not made one concrete step towards producing any of the non-ARMS e-mail, and can not give the court any estimate of when it might do so. Accordingly, the court finds that an evidentiary hearing to determine the best way to restore and search non-ARMS e-mail is warranted. The evidentiary hearing shall be scheduled immediately. (10) The court will defer its ruling on the plaintiffs' request for the appointment of a special master until after this evidentiary hearing.
Non-ARMS e-mail spans the period of August 1996 through May 1999. (11) The EOP argues, however, that based on the heavy burden of restoring and searching all back-up tapes containing non-ARMS e-mail, as described above, the court should limit the dates to be searched. The EOP states that such a limit would decrease the number of tapes that need to be restored, thus reducing the time necessary to make the data available for searching. The EOP further contends that limiting the search is proper considering the uncertainty regarding what, if any, benefit the search may have, given that the e-mail at issue postdates the underlying events of this case by several years. Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 26(b)(2)(iii) states that the court may limit discovery when
the burden or expense of the proposed discovery outweighs its likely benefit, taking into account the needs of the case, the amount in controversy, the parties' resources, the importance of the issue at stake in the litigation, and the importance of the proposed discovery in resolving the issues.
Fed. R. Civ. P. 26(b)(2)(iii).
The EOP first proposes that the court limit the search to only those non-ARMS e-mail messages from the period August 1996 to October 1996. It argues that these messages are most likely to contain relevant information as they occurred closest to the time Filegate was discovered on June 1996. Plaintiffs have argued that the period following the discovery of Filegate is particularly relevant because people would be communicating with each other regarding the underlying facts at that time. (12) The EOP argues that searching e-mail originating after October 1996 would be unlikely to uncover relevant information, given that the congressional investigation into the matter was nearly over by the end of the summer and the House of Representatives Committee on Government Reform and Oversight issued its interim report on September 28, 1996 ("House Interim Report").
However, as clearly stated in the House Interim Report,
the committee's investigation into the unauthorized possession of hundreds of FBI background files by the White House remains in progress. There are many questions that are unanswered; cooperation from the White House and other witnesses has not been full and complete; more witnesses must be interviewed; and, many more documents from earlier committee requests are outstanding. Accordingly, this is an interim report to inform the public as to the status of the investigation in the closing days of the 104th Congress.
H.R. Rep. No.104-862, at 1 (1996). Thus, the House investigation into Filegate was clearly not finished as of October 1996. Furthermore, this civil suit was not filed until September 12, 1996. The plaintiffs took numerous depositions and made several document requests subsequent to October 1996. Mrs. Clinton, a named defendant in this case, was deposed by the Independent Counsel about Filegate in February of 1998. Thus, the court rejects the EOP's proposal that the search be limited to the period of August 1996 to October 1996.
At the hearing on June 30, 2000, however, the EOP stated that their proposal as to this particular time period was only a suggestion. The EOP then proposed that the court limit the search to a number of specific dates of the court's choosing. The EOP argued that, by initially limiting the search to a few select dates scattered throughout the time period non-ARMS e-mail was created, the court can decrease the time and expense necessary to determine whether the non-ARMS e-mail contains any relevant information. Once the results of this initial search have been produced, the court can then better determine the likely benefit of a broader search of all non-ARMS e-mail.
The court agrees with the EOP's argument. In order to accelerate the process of searching non-ARMS e-mail, the court will order an initial restoration and search of only a limited number of select back-up tapes, which will be determined after the evidentiary hearing ordered herein. The court will defer its ruling on the issue of whether all non-ARMS e-mail should be searched until it can better determine the likely benefit and total burden and expense of conducting such a search.
Approximately six months of the back-up tapes containing e-mail and other material from June 1997 to November 1997, were recycled and the information contained therein was overwritten. The plaintiffs request that a court supervised expert attempt to recover e-mail and F: drive data from these recycled tapes.
The EOP explains that data could be recovered in two ways. First, if a smaller portion of the tape was used when it was recycled, then original data at the end of the tape (in technical terms, beyond the "logical end of tape") may not have been overwritten and may be recoverable. Second, there may be fragments of original data in "unused segments" of overwritten portions of the tape.
The EOP argues that the plaintiffs' request should be denied based on the heavy burden involved as weighed against the small likelihood of recovering any data at all, much less relevant information. The court agrees that the likelihood that performing such a task would produce any relevant information, as weighed against its burden, is insufficient for this court to require it at this time. Thus, the plaintiffs' request as to the recycled back-up tapes is denied.
The plaintiffs also seek to have archived C: drives (also known as hard drives) restored and searched. There are approximately 600 reallocated tapes, which contain C: drives of White House employees. These C: drives were usually archived upon an employee's departure from the White House, so that the C:drive could then be wiped clean for a new employee.
Plaintiffs initially request that all of the reallocated tapes be searched. This court has already rejected this request, however, based on the EOP's objection to such a search as unduly burdensome. (13) See Alexander v. FBI, 188 F.R.D. 111, 117 (D.D.C. 1998) (rejecting plaintiffs' request that the court order the EOP to completely restore all hard drives, and stating instead that the plaintiffs should pursue discussions with the Department of Justice regarding targeted searches of e-mail and hard drives for a limited number of individuals.) The plaintiffs revise their request, however, in their reply, to seek a search of only the hard drives of those individuals whose e-mail was searched pursuant to this court's June 5, 2000 order. The plaintiffs also request that the search be limited to those search terms delineated in that order.
In their response, the EOP argues that the set of individuals to be included in a search of the C: drives should be far narrower than those deemed relevant for the ARMS search. The EOP points out that ARMS is a word-searchable database. The C: drives, on the other hand, exist only on the reallocated tapes, which require restoration prior to searching. As with the non-ARMS e-mail, the EOP seeks to limit the number of tapes that need to be restored and searched due to the cost and time such a process entails. (14)
To that end, the EOP first argues that no further searches of C: drives are necessary because the EOP has already searched the hard drives of all the former Office of Personnel Security ("OPS") computers as of June 1996. (15) The court disagrees with the EOP's argument. As the EOP itself points out, there are other highly relevant departed employees of the White House whose C: drives have not been searched, such as Bernard Nussbaum, a named defendant in this case.
However, the EOP also proposes that, in the event that the court considers searches of additional archived C: drives, the search be limited to Bernard Nussbaum and Bill Kennedy, under whose jurisdiction the OPS fell. It further proposes, because Nussbaum testified that he did not have a computer, to search the hard drives of his secretaries, Linda Tripp, Betsy Pond, and Deborah Gorham. The court agrees with this proposal, with one addition. The court will also order the search of Vincent Foster's hard drive due to the fact, as there is evidence that Foster, as Deputy White House Counsel at the time of the underlying events in this case, had a supervisory role over both then-Associate White House Counsel William Kennedy and the director of OPS at the time, Craig Livingstone.
Thus, the EOP shall restore and search the hard drives of William Kennedy, Vincent Foster, Linda Tripp, Betsy Pond, and Deborah Gorham, using those search terms set out by this court's June 5, 2000 order and the additional terms added today. (16) Regarding the plaintiffs' request to search the hard drives of all other individuals included in the ARMS e-mail search, the court finds that the likely benefit of such a search, as established by the plaintiffs at this time, is outweighed by the burden of conducting it. The court notes, however, that the plaintiffs may renew their request as to these individuals once the search ordered herein is performed, if the results of that search indicate that a broader search is, in fact, likely to produce relevant information.
Plaintiffs also request that the EOP be required to search the F: drive files that are stored on the same "system back-up" tapes as the non-ARMS e-mail. F: drive files, or "shared" drive files, are files that are shared among certain functional groups of employees. The plaintiffs state that they are now requesting that these drives be searched because they were previously unaware that F: drive documents existed on these back-up tapes and that these documents were not "records-managed."
As the EOP explains, however, the back-up tapes at issue are periodic back-ups of the entire computer network, which are made to be used in the event of a system failure. As such, these tapes include all files on the system at the time of the back-up, including operating system software, applications software, and user files. The EOP further explains that the files contained within the F: drives are, in fact, "records-managed," but "in paper, not electronic form." Lyle Declaration at �5 (attached as Exhibit A to EOP Resp. to Pls.' Request for an Evidentiary Hearing Regarding Computer Hard Drives (April 3, 2000)). Therefore, they argue, a search of the backed-up F: drives is unwarranted as the plaintiffs have failed to demonstrate, or even suggest, that documents residing on these F: drives were not already searched and produced in hard copy form.
In fact, this court has already ruled that the EOP is not required to restore and search F: drives for responsive documents. (17) See Alexander v. FBI, 188 F.R.D. at 116-17 (holding that the EOP was not required to search shared drives due to the cost and burden involved). Thus, as the plaintiffs have not provided the court with any new evidence or demonstrated any particular need for such a search, their request to search the F: drive files on the back-up tapes is denied.
Plaintiffs request that the court order a search of all computers and computer media used by Robert Haas, a White House computer specialist, both at the White House and at home. This request includes the contents of the "zip" disk made from Haas' F: drive, which contains several e-mail messages. This disk has been kept in the custody of Charles Easley, EOP Security Officer, under the same conditions of security as the 3,400 e-mail back-up tapes and the 600 reallocated C: drive tapes, since shortly after its existence was brought to the court's attention by the plaintiffs on March 24, 2000.
The EOP argues plaintiffs have failed to show why Haas' files should be treated differently from the files of any other EOP employee or contractor, as there has been no allegation that Haas had any involvement in the FBI files matter. The plaintiffs respond that they have demonstrated that Mr. Haas has relevant information through the declarations of Sheryl Hall and Betty Lambuth. However, these declarations state only that a contractor for Northrup Grumman, who they now state to be Robert Haas, told them that the non-ARMS e-mail contained information relating to Filegate, as well as other topics. See Third Declaration of Sheryl Hall at �6 (February 19, 2000) (attached at Exhibit A to Pls.' Emergency Mot. to Supplement Pls.' Mot. to Compel and Req. for an Evidentiary Hr'g); Declaration of Betty Lambuth at �9 (February 24, 2000) (attached as Exhibit A to the Pls.' Second Supplement to Emergency Mot. to Supplement Pls.' Mot. to Compel and Req. for an Evidentiary Hr'g). They do not, however, demonstrate that Haas ever stored these e-mail messages on his computer at the White House or at home.
The plaintiffs argue that the existence of the "zip" disk, which contains e-mail, demonstrates that Haas saved e-mail messages. Based on this fact, the court does find that a search of that "zip" disk is warranted. As to the remaining files of Mr. Haas, however, the court finds that the plaintiffs have failed to establish a sufficient basis for ordering that they be searched. Accordingly, the court will order the EOP to search the zip disk, currently in the custody of Mr. Easley at the EOP, using the search terms set out by this court's June 5, 2000 order, with today's additional search terms. Plaintiffs' request to search all other computers and computer media used by Robert Haas, however, is denied.
III. Conclusion
For the reasons given above, the court will issue a separate order this date, requiring a search to be conducted in accordance with this opinion and ordering that an evidentiary hearing commence immediately.
Royce C. Lamberth
United States District Court
et al., )
Plaintiffs, )
v. ) Civil No. 96-2123
) 97-1288
INVESTIGATION, et al., )
Defendants. )
This matter comes before the court on Plaintiffs' Supplemental Brief to their Motion to Compel the Production of Documents Regarding Second Request to the Executive Office of the President ("EOP") Regarding Non-ARMS E-mail, Archived Computer Drives, and Other Computer Documents. For the reasons given in the corresponding Memorandum Opinion issued this date, it is HEREBY ORDERED that
"background report", "summary report", "OPS", "Dale", "Marceca", "update project", "personnel security", "FBI data," "FBI raw data," "FBI reports," "FBI summaries," "FBI background," "FBI files", "Sculimbrene", "James Baker", "Marlin Fitzwater", "BI", "Privacy Act" or "Brasseux",
for the following individuals' e-mail:
Bernard Nussbaum, Craig Livingstone, Anthony Marceca, Hillary Rodham Clinton, Vincent Foster, Bill Kennedy, Marsha Scott, Betsy Pond, Deborah Gorham, Linda Tripp, Mari Anderson, George Stephanopoulos, Harold Ickes, Margaret Williams, Lisa Wetzl, Jonathan Denbo, Edward Hughes, Jane Dannenhauer, Nancy Gemmell, Jane Sherburne, Terry Good, Christine Varney, John Libonati, Jeff Undercoffer, Arnie Cole, Cheryl Mills, and Stephen Waudby.
"Tripp", "Jane Mayer", "arrest record", "Bacon", or "Bernath",
for the following individuals' e-mail:
Bernard Nussbaum, Craig Livingstone, Anthony Marceca, Hillary Rodham Clinton, Bill Kennedy, Betsy Pond, Deborah Gorham, Linda Tripp, Mari Anderson, George Stephanopoulos, Harold Ickes, Michael McCurry, and Joseph Lockhart.
for following individuals' e-mail:
Bernard Nussbaum, Craig Livingstone, Anthony Marceca, Hillary Rodham Clinton, Bill Kennedy, Betsy Pond, Deborah Gorham, Linda Tripp, Mari Anderson, George Stephanopoulos, Harold Ickes, Terry Good, Cheryl Mills, President William Clinton, Sidney Blumenthal, Bruce Lindsey, and Charles Ruff.
William Kennedy, Vincent Foster, Linda Tripp, Betsy Pond, and Deborah Gorham
for the following search terms:
"background report", "summary report", "OPS", "Dale", "Marceca", "update project", "personnel security", "FBI data," "FBI raw data," "FBI reports," "FBI summaries," "FBI background," "FBI files", "Sculimbrene", "James Baker", "Marlin Fitzwater", "BI", "Privacy Act" or "Brasseux."
"Tripp", "Jane Mayer", "arrest record", "Bacon", "Bernath," and "Willey."
"background report", "summary report", "OPS", "Dale", "Marceca", "update project", "personnel security", "FBI data," "FBI raw data," "FBI reports," "FBI summaries," "FBI background," "FBI files", "Sculimbrene", "James Baker", "Marlin Fitzwater", "BI", "Privacy Act," "Brasseux," "Tripp", "Jane Mayer", "arrest record", "Bacon", "Bernath," and "Willey."
Royce C. Lamberth
United States District Court
1. Barry attested that prior to July 1994, there existed no system for archiving e-mail in a word-searchable format, and, thus, e-mail was stored daily on back-up tapes. He also stated that, for the period of January 1993 to July 1994, there existed approximately 5,500 tapes containing backed-up e-mail, which IS&T was in the process of restoring and reconstructing to a word searchable format. He explained that this restoration required five to seven working days of around-the-clock processing at a cost of approximately $20,000 for each month of e-mail. Accordingly, he estimated that all of the e-mail would be restored by the middle of 1998. Barry further attested that all e-mail since July 1994 has been archived weekly in an on-line format capable of being word-searched.
2. This was a revised motion to compel. Plaintiffs initially filed a motion to compel documents regarding their second request for documents on March 26, 1999, but they then withdrew that motion. The parties then engaged in negotiations regarding the plaintiffs' original motion. Pursuant to these negotiations, the EOP provided the plaintiffs with supplemental information and documentation on April 22, and April 29, 1999, and the plaintiffs revised their original motion to compel.
3. The hearing on this matter began at 11:30 a.m. The court, then ordered that the hearing be continued at 5:00 p.m. that same day, so that the EOP would have a chance to meet with the appropriate White House officials in order to be able to provide the court with the requested assurances.
4. Approximately 600 of these reallocated tapes exist. These tapes are completely separate from the 3,400 system back-up tapes, which contain the e-mail in question, along with all other material on the computer system at the time of the "back-up."
5. The court will continue to temporarily hold in abeyance the issue regarding the allegations that the White House "covered-up" the missing e-mails once they were discovered by threatening employees and withholding information from this court, criminal investigators, and Congress, as this issue remains the focus of the ongoing criminal investigations.
6. The plaintiffs also request that the Special Master oversee all other searches of computer documents which they now seek, including searches of the C; drives, F:drives, and Haas' computer files, which are addressed below.
7. Ekberg states that handling the original tapes, which have
exceeded their shelf life and have been used frequently in the
past, would increase the risk of tape damage and loss of the
data. See Ekberg Declaration at �17. He further states that
even if a tape were to break the first time it was handled, it
would be preferable to have the tape break while copying rather
than during data extraction, as copying would preserve all the
data on the tape to the point of the breakage, where extraction
of the data would not. See id. at �18.
8. In order to expedite the availability of searchable data,
the EOP proposes to conduct the tape-copying and extraction
processes on a rolling basis, processing certain tapes chosen by
the court or other investigative bodies as "top priority" first.
See id. at �25.
9. The court further notes that it is quite possible that the
EOP's goal might never be met, particularly in light of Ekberg's
description of such a goal as "ambitious given the conditions
under which the project is proceeding." Ekberg Decl. at �20.
10. The court has been advised in camera, ex parte, that the
contemplated evidentiary hearing will not interfere with any on-going criminal investigation.
8. In order to expedite the availability of searchable data, the EOP proposes to conduct the tape-copying and extraction processes on a rolling basis, processing certain tapes chosen by the court or other investigative bodies as "top priority" first. See id. at �25.
9. The court further notes that it is quite possible that the EOP's goal might never be met, particularly in light of Ekberg's description of such a goal as "ambitious given the conditions under which the project is proceeding." Ekberg Decl. at �20.
10. The court has been advised in camera, ex parte, that the contemplated evidentiary hearing will not interfere with any on-going criminal investigation.
11.The "Mail2" problem, which prevented incoming mail on the Mail2 server from being transferred to the ARMS system, existed from August 1996 to November 1998. When that problem was corrected in November of 1998, another problem, referred to as the "letter D" problem occurred. The latter problem was not fixed until May 1999.
12. The court notes that the EOP cannot be arguing that non-ARMS e-mail originating after October 1996 is not at all relevant, as the EOP made no objection to searching ARMS e-mail for the entire period of August 1996 through May 1999, and it does not now attempt to explain how non-ARMS e-mail from this period would be any less relevant than the ARMS e-mail.
13. In support of the EOP's objection, the EOP provided the court with the Declaration of Laura Crabtree dated March 4, 1998, in which she estimated that the cost of searching through one employee's "C" drives would take approximately 265 hours and cost $15,675 in contractor fees.
14. The non-ARMS e-mail back-up tapes each represent a particular time period, during which the system was backed up. The reallocated tapes, on the other hand, are grouped to represent a particular individual's hard drive.
15. The plaintiffs also request that any archival tapes made from OPS computers during Livingstone's tenure but prior to June 1996 also be searched. Given the clear relevance of the OPS and the likely benefit of such a search, as evidenced by the EOP's search of these drives as of June 1996, the court will grant the plaintiff request. The EOP shall search, to the extent that they exist, all archival tapes made of OPS hard drives during Livingstone's tenure at OPS prior to June of 1996.
16. Vince Foster's hard drive need not be searched for those terms pertaining to the release of Ms. Tripp's information or the Kathleen Willey letters, as he died in 1994. Ms. Tripp's hard drive also need not be searched for those terms.
17. Unlike with the e-mail and the archived hard drives, the court did not state that the plaintiffs were able to pursue more targeted searches of the F: drives. See Alexander v. FBI, 188 F.R.D. at 117 ("Plaintiffs are able to pursue discussions with the Department of Justice regarding targeted and appropriately worded searches of backed-up and archived e-mail and deleted hard drives for a limited number of individuals."(emphasis added)). This was due to the fact that a search of the F: drives, even limited to just a few individuals, would still be unduly burdensome and complicated as all F: drives to which those few employees were ever allowed access during their employment would need to be identified, restored and then searched. See id.


text:
Time Schedule:
Anne Beaufort
Tacoma Campus
Introduces students to university work by focusing on a core curriculum from multiple and interdisciplinary perspectives. Emphasizes learning in the humanities, including literature, music, art, philosophy, and history. Offered: Sp.
Class description
The humanities are academic disciplines that study the human condition, using methods that are primarily analytic, critical, or speculative, as distinguished from the mainly empirical approaches of the natural and social sciences. Examples of the disciplines in the humanities include literature, history, philosophy, religion, film, and visual and performing arts.
In this course, we center our intellectual inquiry around the theme, "Searching For Identities." What does it mean to "find your identity" in your social, ethnic, and inner worlds? How do you answer the question, "Who am I?" We'll explore these questions throughout the course—in the readings, discussions, and creative projects—both visual and written.
Student learning goals
• increase understanding of facets of your identity and others' identities through course readings, writing, and reflective techniques such as freewriting, "mark-making," and other visual forms of expression
• read with increasing analytical skills in several genres—poetry, memoir, short story, creative nonfiction, and drama. Discover implied meanings, notice craft techniques, acquire an expanded vocabulary.
write with greater skill in several genres: reading response, annotated bibliography, short creative nonfiction, multimedia script, and reflective essay
ncrease your research skills, using primary sources and academic databases to get info about the social/cultural/historical contexts for course texts and your family's history
General method of instruction
this class is a seminar, not a lecture course, which means you'll have reading and/or writing homework for every class session and be expected to participate actively in every session.
Recommended preparation
Class assignments and grading
1. smaller homework assignments that relate to readings and the course projects 2. family history power point project 3. inner/outer identity project (writing creative non-fiction or creating a 3-D art piece) 4. reflective essay
25% homework and class participation 30% family history power point project 30% inner/outer identity project 15% reflective essay/mini portfolio