text:
23 August, 2005:
The Tata Safari is back. Yawn.
Yawn - because its still the same old Safari to look at. Yawn, because the air dam and driving lights look too much like the new Indica's. Yawn, because there is only so much anyone can do to an old warhorse. Yawn, because your average street-side car designer seems to have more design-sense than Tata's design department.
Before I get carried away - let me tell you the good things about the new Tata Safari Dicor. Once we get those out of the way, I can crib to my heart's content.
The Safari Dicor has a Common Rail Direct Injection (CRDi) engine. Its 3000cc inline-four develops 114 bhp at 3000 rpm. There is 30 kgm of torque to keep you happy. There is both a 4WD version and a 2WD version.
In Mumbai, the lower-end version will cost you just about Rs 8 lakh, while the top-end version is approx. Rs 13 lakh. This is what I have a problem with.
In these days of the Scorpio and the Innova, a 10 year old design that costs Rs 13 lakh? That's well into the Ford Endeavour-Chevrolet Forester-Honda CR-V range, and that is outrageous. An old vehicle should be priced like an old vehicle.
Maybe I crib too much - I shouldn't. I don't think there will be many who will spend Rs 13 lakh on the top-end version of the Tata Safari Dicor. At that price point, I suppose one can easily go for a used Pajero or LandCruiser.
The design - I just can't help coming back to that. That face! Vehicles look often animal-like, reptile-like, canine or feline-like. This is the one vehicle that has consistently managed to keep the look of a car salesman! I still remember a Tata Safari I once saw - the owner had only changed the front grill to one with vertical slats - no other obvious modification. And this Safari - it looked like an attacking shark.
That makes me think again. It is not possible that someone at Tata Motors had not at least once slapped on a vertical grill on that featureless face, and thought, "Wow!" So why don't we get to see a decent face on this SUV? It must be the marketing department, which told them to play it safe.
Buy the Tata Safari Dicor if you love Tata Safaris. Otherwise,
save your money and hope this doesn't sell and
Tata Motors would make something much,. much
cheaper and more powerful, and better-looking than
this old grandmother. Sure they can. Sure they
will, in a while. Just my guess.


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Let us know when your receive great advice so we can thank our lawyers and point others with similar questions in the right direction.Got it!
It's uncontested because we did not have any children together and there are no assets to split (home, car, bank accounts, etc.). We are no longer living together. She moved out in April 2012. Where can I get the documents to start the process?
The forms you will need for an uncontested divorce can be found at the Office of Court Administration website at http://www.nycourts.gov/divorce/
Remember – uncontested means that you and your spouse have come to an agreement on EVERY issue. The fact that you have no children and no assets just means that there are less tricky issues to deal with. Nevertheless, divorces of any kind are not easy to handle and the help if an experienced attorney can make this difficult time much easier on you.
My firm handles uncontested divorces daily. Call or email me anytime for a free consultation – we can help you through this difficult time and ensure everything is handled properly and in the most expeditious way.
Just because you don't have children or assets doesn't necessarily mean it will be uncontested. There must be agreement between the parties on ALL issues. You can find information and forms here:
I am not your attorney and any posts/messages or responses to posts/messages can not establish an attorney-client relationship. www.PatchogueAttorney.com You should not rely upon free legal advice and I disclaim any liability for the results if you do.Ask a similar question
The Office of Court Administration web site has a form package. That said, it is still best to have a lawyer. An uncontested should not cost much. Better to be safe and make sure it gets done properly and quickly.
I am a former federal and State prosecutor and now handle criminal defense and personal injury/civil rights cases. Feel free to check out my web site and contact me at (212) 385-8015 or via email at email@example.com. The above answer is for informational purposes only and not meant as legal advice.Ask a similar question
The forms are available on the NY State Unified Court System website http://www.courts.state.ny.us
Even if your case is uncontested, you should still consider having an attorney represent you to complete the process, draft paperwork, make trips to court for filing, retrieving documents, etc. that an attorney will be more familiar with. Our office charges a flat fee of $750, which already includes all court filing fees and paperwork to complete the process for the uncontested divorce.
Feel free to call if you have any questions regarding the process or would like a free telephone consultation.
Leta Liou, Esq.
The Law Firm of Liou & Maisonet, PLLC
124 Nassau Street, Suite 2
New York, New York 10038
(646) 587-0188
Matrimonial and Family Law Attorneys serving Manhattan, Brooklyn, Bronx, Queens, Staten Island, Nassau, Suffolk, Westchester, Orange and Rockland Counties.
Answers to questions by an attorney for The Law Firm of Liou & Maisonet, PLLC are for general purposes only and do not establish an attorney-client relationship.Ask a similar question
The court website has a definition of what constitutes an "Uncontested" divorce, and you can see from the other posts where to find it. (NYCourts). Our office spends an hour with the client describing what to do in communicating and cooperating with their spouse in order to file and successfully complete an Uncontested Divorce. If another attorney gets involved and the two sides continue to cooperate, the divorce can proceed to a default posture, which can be done on papers and not entail the parties appearing at a hearing.Ask a similar question
As previously stated, it is only "Uncontested" if you and your spouse agree on EVERYTHING. You may be able to complete the forms on your own, but this may be problematic. As I tell many of my clients, you can do your own dental work too, but its not advised. More information can be found at: http://www.nycourts.gov/divorce/pdfs/Divorce-Packet-Instructions.pdf.
My firm handles all types of divorce, including post judgment relief. These cases would be less if the initial papers were handled correctly. You should seek out a firm who handles unconstested divorces, which include the drafting of a settlement agreement which will adequately protect your rights.Ask a similar question
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
'Green Lantern: Rise of the Manhunters' Video Game Announced
Most casual comic fans are stoked about DC/Warner Bros. upcoming "Green Lantern" feature film, but the hardcore fans are already looking forward to the merchandise — in other words, when are we getting action figures, assorted gear and, the mother of all tie-ins, the video game?
Well, the wait — and it was certainly a short one at that — is over, Lantern fans, as DC and Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment have announced the first ever Green Lantern video game, "Green Lantern: Rise of the Manhunters."
Inspired by the upcoming film staring that dreamy Ryan Reynolds fella, players will wield the Green Lantern Power Ring as Hal Jordan (looks like you're stuck with "Batman: The Brave and the Bold," Guy Gardner fans) and take flight across the universe, battling against horrible alien menaces while restoring order to farthest reaches of space.
Produced by Double Helix, "Green Lantern: Rise of the Manhunters" is set to hit all major consoles and the Nintendo DS next summer, most likely coinciding with the feature film and hot summer days where all anyone wants to do is stay inside an air conditioned room and mash buttons.
Get a closer look at the Manhunters' Lantern reflections after the jump.


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Assistant Professor
Ph.D. McMaster University, 1995
Office: BGS 1064
Lab: BGS 1006
Phone: 519-661-2111 ext. 86740
Fax: 519-661-3198
Email: email@example.com
Taphonomic (post-mortem) processes and fossil preservation; Paleoecology of Paleozoic and Mesozoic invertebrate communities; Event stratigraphy; Molluscan paleobiology (with a focus on ammonoids); Geomicrobiology (as pertaining to fossil preservation); Sedimentology and stratigraphy of mudrocks; Geoscience education; Geoscience outreach; Earth Sciences and popular culture.
I have always had an intense enthusiasm for all Sciences and a corresponding desire to share my interests with others in creative ways. My genuine love for Science has compelled me to encourage others, particularly younger members of society, to explore the wonders of science that have enriched my own life through undergraduate teaching and outreach. Although I am involved in research, teaching and outreach have always been front-and-centre in my academic activities at Western.
Courses Taught
Earth Sciences 1081A,B: Resources, Environment & Sustainability in a Material Society
Earth Sciences 1083F: Life on Planet Earth
Earth Sciences 1089G: Earth, Art & Culture
Earth Sciences 2200A: Plate Tectonics
Earth Sciences 1088F: Introduction to Medical and Forensic Geology
Earth Sciences 020: Introduction to Earth Sciences (2002-2003)
Earth Sciences 084b: Mineral Resources and the Environment (1998)
Earth Sciences 261b: Biospheric Interactions Through Time (Winter 2003)
Earth Sciences 4471b: Petroleum Geology (1996-2000)
Earth Sciences 9535b: Advanced Stratigraphy (2000)
Nikole Bingham-Koslowski, Ph.D. candidate
Andrew Grouchy, M.Sc. candidate


text:
Land resources
Land use change
Hydrological cycle
Agro-ecological zones
Cattle and sheep
Dairy farming
Beef production
Sheep and goats
Forage production on arable land
Improvement of forage production on arable land
Improvement of forage production on grasslands
Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H) is on the Balkan Peninsula, between 420 26' and 450 15' N and 150 45' and 190 41' E, bordered by Croatia (932 km) to the north, west and south, Serbia (302 km) to the east and Montenegro (225 km) to the south (Figure 1). Bosnia and Herzegovina is almost landlocked, except for 26 kilometres of Adriatic coastline centred on the town of Neum. The country's name comes from the two regions Bosnia and Herzegovina which have a very vaguely defined border between them. Bosnia occupies the northern areas which form roughly four fifths of the country, while Herzegovina occupies the rest in the south.
Administration, Population, Language and Currency.
The country is home to three ethnic "constituent peoples": Bosniaks (48%) are the most numerous group, with Serbs (37%) second and Croats (14%) in third place (World Factbook). The population was estimated in July 2009 at 4 613 414, with a growth rate of 0.34 % (World Factbook). Languages are Bosnian, Croatian and Serbian, all official and mutually understandable among the three ethnic groups. Croatian and Bosnian are written in the Latin alphabet: Serbian is written in both Latin and Cyrillic.
The national currency is the Euro-pegged Convertible Mark (KM), controlled by a currency board. According to Eurostat data, Bosnia and Herzegovinaxs GDP per capita stood at 30 per cent of the EU average in 2008.
Land resources
Land quality classes are given in Table 1. The best quality land (classes I to III ) covers 14.0%,, class IV land covers 17.9%, class V 16.7%, class VI 31.83% and classes VII and VIII 19.4% (data according to a classification made by the Institute of Agropedology Sarajevo see Dugoročni Program Razvoja, 1986-2000).
Forty-five percent of agricultural land is hilly (300 -700 m), of medium quality and well suited to semi-intensive livestock production. Mountain areas (> 700 m.) account for a further 35 percent of agricultural land but high altitude, steep slopes and lower soil fertility limit the use of this land to grazing in spring and summer. Less than 20 percent of agricultural land (half of all arable) is suitable for intensive agriculture, mostly in lowland river valleys. The land base for agriculture is thus very limited in both quantity and quality. Natural water resources are more abundant, with many unpolluted rivers and readily accessible groundwater. Despite the abundance of water only about 10 000 ha (0.1 percent of arable land) was irrigated before the war, an area which could be increased significantly.
Although the territory is mainly mountainous, little has been done to improve water and soil conditions in upland areas. Excessive deforestation, inappropriate conversion of grassland to arable and uncontrolled cultivation of sloping terrain are degrading the land even in the valleys and lowland regions. The large sums invested in the protection of flat areas (river course direction, embankments, outfall drains, pumping stations) remain ineffective if soil and water conservation measures, both of an agricultural engineering and technical nature, are not undertaken in the hilly-mountainous uplands. Such measures would contribute to revitalising the mountainous area and would provide better protection for the lowlands.
Land use: Agricultural production decreased enormously during the war. A large proportion of the means of production were destroyed, and more than 237 000 hectares were mined. Now the greater part of the agricultural land (Figure 2) is under meadow and pasture (56%), then comes ploughed fields (40%) and orchard and vineyards (4%).
However, agriculture is still one of the most important economic sectors in Bosnia and Herzegovina, providing food security for a significant part of the rural population. According to the Central Bank of B&H, agriculture accounted for 10.1% of GDP in 2007. But most farms are small scale family subsistence units delivering any surpluses to neighbours or local markets as shown by the data in Table 2. More than 66% of farms have less than three hectares. The average size of a household farm is about 3.0 hectares divided into 8 to 10 plots. Moreover, for better understanding of the land relationships, it is useful to have an insight into the ratio of different categories of land use per inhabitant in relation to altitude in the layout of the landscape of Bosnia and Herzegovina (Table 3).
The largest part of the arable land is under cereals (Table 4); maize is most important. Forage production (although there are no data in Table 4) is in second and vegetables in third place. Roughly, forage is produced on 30 % of arable area (clovers, alfalfa, grass-legume mixtures and maize for silage) and on 1 400 000 ha of permanent grasslands which are mostly in hilly and mountainous areas [FAOSTAT estimate for the area of permanent meadows and pastures is approximately 1 030 000 to 1 057 000 ha. in the period 2000 to 2007].
In general agricultural technology is outdated. During the last ten years,
there has not been sufficient investment for modernisation in state enterprises;
private firms lack financial resources as well as know-how to modernize.
Product prices have been quite stable since the Convertible Mark (KM)
was introduced in 1997.
The difference between the two entities is significant. In the Republika Srpska, which has the most productive agriculture, agriculture contributes a larger share than in B&H.
In B&H there are 2 725 000 registered working age persons, of which 1 170 946 are economically active. 662 475 people were officially registered as being employed in 2006, the remainder (508 471) is considered unemployed (43.9% of total labour force in 2006). According to official statistics available, the share of the agri-food sector (agricultural production, food processing) accounted for 8.7% of GDP in 2006 and share of the agri-food sector in total recorded employment for the whole country in 2006 is about 7.4% (47 000 people with 23 000 in primary agriculture). In fact most people active in agriculture do not register as being employed in the sector. Consequently the share of agriculture in total employment is reported at below 4%. Having in mind an estimated number of agricultural holdings of about 540 000 (with an estimated 159 000 units above 5 ha) proves the significant undervaluation of the importance of agriculture in employment. As there is no recent population census it is impossible to quantify any exact data for real agricultural employment. Anyhow it seems reasonable to estimate that at least half of those people officially counted as unemployed are working in agriculture, so the World Bank estimate of 18% share in employment may still be an underestimate.
Bosnia and Herzegovina is a net importer of food. Almost all food products are imported, above all wheat, meat products, dairy products and fruit juices. This is not a new situation since the farming sector was not able to satisfy domestic demand before the conflict. However, the trade deficit in agricultural and food products has grown. Bosnia and Herzegovina is a small open economy. In South Eastern Europe only it and Bulgaria have a trade value higher than GDP. Tariff protection is lower than all neighbouring countries. The simple average of ad valorem duties applied in 2001 was 6.0 per cent for all goods, including 4.8 per cent for agriculture and 6.2 per cent for non-agricultural products (WTO, 2006). It is an exception to the usual trend when countries protect agriculture with higher tariffs than the non-agricultural sectors. This re-emphasizes the need to increase the competitiveness of the country's agriculture.
The trade deficit is larger (relatively) in the agricultural sector than for total trade. In 2005 about 18 per cent of total import consisted of agricultural and food products, whereas the share of exports was 6 per cent. The coverage of exports/imports in per cent is 11.7 for agricultural and food products compared to 34.5 for total trade.
At present, institutional capacity at state-level to harmonize, coordinate and monitor agriculture and forestry policies, legislation and rural development programs is almost non-existent. A draft Law on Agriculture, Food and Rural Development has been prepared by MoFTER, with technical support from the EU, involving working groups from the two entities and Brcko district, and the Law was adopted by Parliamentary Assembly of B&H in June 2008 (Law on Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, Official Gazette B&H 50/08).
The Basic Soil Map (BSM) Project was established in 1964 at the scale of 1:50,000 and was implemented by the Agropedology Institute from Sarajevo and the first Manual for field soil investigation published. The BSM, developed on pedogenetic principles, lasted from 1966 to 1986, and was the largest pedological project in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Classification of soils is based on genetic-evolutionary principles, in which the type of soil was the basic unit of classification system. Map units included type, subtype, variety and even form. Morphological and lithological characteristics were the chief criteria. 1 176 mapping units have been identified on the soil map of B&H. The total number of printed sheets is 116.
The soil map of B&H at scale 1:50 000 dates from more than 20 years ago. Since then genetic-evolutionary classification has been through significant changes, which clearly can be seen from the terminology of the map units in the legend of the map.
There were two periods in development of the soil map, which differ from each other in inventory criteria, classification and methods. In the first period from 1963 to 1973, the national classification was based on genetic principles. In the second period 1973 to 1985, a new classification was adopted, which was influenced by international classifications, and this is readily apparent on soil maps made after 1973. In the second stage of mapping, application of modern methods were used such as telemetric research using aerial photography at various scales. At first, black and white photography was used, following by colour photography.
A very important task for soil scientists is to adapt the national classification to the FAO one, and to carry out adjustments to the database of the BSM of B&H. Bosnia and Herzegovina is very rich in soil types (see Figure 5) whose characteristics derive from its range of geology, morphology, climate conditions and other factors.
The lowland zone, in the northern part of B&H, is the most valuable land. There, the degree of development of primary food production is much higher than in the hilly-mountainous areas. The most common soils are: Stagnic Podzoluvisols, Fluvisols, Umbric Gleysols and Eutric Gleysols.
The hilly zone is more heterogeneous than the lowland zone in terms of soil. A considerable part has slopes above 13% and the processes of erosion are very marked and are exacerbated by inappropriate ways of farming, lack of water and soil conservation measures and preference for row-crops (maize and potato) on such terrains. The commonest soil types are: Chromic Luvisols, Eutric Cambisols, Leptosols x Rendzic Leptosols and Vertisols.
In the mountain zone erosion processes are also present, although these lands are mostly covered by forests and grasslands. Among sown crops, rye, barley, oats and potato dominate. The commonest soil types are: Dystric Cambisols and Dystric Regosols, followed by Leptosols - Rendzic Leptosols and Regosols.
The Mediterranean zone, with its warmer climatic conditions, can
grow a wide variety of crops and support intensive farming, so that as
well as traditional arable crops, early vegetables are grown for local
markets. Fruit-growing and vine-growing are also developed here. The commonest
soil types are: Lithic Leptosols, Regosols, Leptosols - Rendzic Leptosols,
Chromic Cambisols, Fluvisols in the river valleys, Umbric and Eutric Gleysols
in the karst fields. In swamps, Histosols are often present which are
important environmentally.
Land use change
Hilly-mountains region, with variations of continental, high-mountainous and alpine climate, average temperatures in January from -0.3oC to -7.4 oC, in July 10.2 oC to 21.2 oC.
Southern region, with characteristics of Mediterranean climate, average temperatures in January being 2.3oC, in July 22.5oC to 25.7 oC, and precipitation of about 2 000 mm.
The varying climatic conditions offer wide possibilities for agricultural production, both in terms of crop choice and cultivation of land farming, fruit-growing, vine-growing, vegetable growing and forage crops and in terms of livestock production.
Hydrological cycle
The spatial variation of the hydrological cycle (Figure 6.) is very characteristic for B&H. For instance, the mean annual precipitation in the southern region is 2.5 times larger than in northern region, and twice that in the central region. In the south, the mostly Mediterranean type precipitation is between 1 500 and 2 000 mm of rain, potential evapotranspiration 900 mm, actual evapotranspiration 600 mm, potential water deficit or irrigation requirement 300 mm and potential outflow or surplus from 900 to 1 400 mm. It is interesting that the southern region has the most abundant precipitation, but also the highest water deficit, and highest water surplus in the absolute and relative sense.
The mean annual precipitation in central region of B&H is about 1,000 mm, potential evapotranspiration 650 mm, actual evapotranspiration 600 mm, potential water deficit or irrigation water requirement 50 mm and potential outflow or surplus 400 mm. This region has a much better water-balance than the southern region. In the northern region of B&H mean annual precipitation is about 800 mm, potential evapotranspiration 700 mm, actual evapotranspiration 600 mm, potential water deficit or irrigation water requirement is 100 mm and potential outflow or surplus 200 mm. This region, with its continental climate characteristics, is more similar to the central than to the southern region regarding the soil water cycle.
The flat or lowlands zone is found in the northern part of B&H and represents the most valuable land resource. The degree of development of primary food production is much higher than in the hilly-mountainous areas and the most common soil types are: Stagnic Podzoluvisols, Fluvisols, Umbric Gleysols and Eutric Gleysols.
The hilly zone is more heterogeneous than the lowland zone in terms of soil. A considerable part of this zone has slopes above 13% and the processes of erosion are very marked and are exacerbated by inappropriate ways of farming, lack of water and soil conservation measures and preference being given to row crops (corn and potato) on such terrains. The most common types of soil are: Chromic Luvisols, Eutric Cambisols, Leptosols - Rendzic Leptosols and Vertisols.
In the mountain zone the erosion processes are present also, although these lands are mostly covered by forests and grasslands. The main sown crops are rye, barley, oats and potato and the most common types of soil are: Dystric Cambisols and Dystric Regosols, followed by Leptosols - Rendzic Leptosols and Regosols.
The Mediterranean zone, with its warmer climatic conditions, can grow a wide variety of crops and supports intensive farming, so that as well as traditional arable crops, early vegetables are also being cultivated for local markets. Fruit-growing and vine-growing are also developed here, so that this region is also called the region of southern crops. The most common types of soil are: Lithic Leptosols, Regosols, Leptosols - Rendzic Leptosols, Chromic Cambisols, Fluvisols in the river valleys, Umbric and Eutric Gleysols in the karst fields. In swamps Histosols are often present and these are environmentally important.
The share of livestock in total agricultural production is estimated at 50% which is much lower than it was and could be, considering natural preconditions for livestock production and the level of animal production before the war. There were 970,142 cattle in Bosnia and Herzegovina before the war; they were owned by the state in numerous state concerns and state farms. The breeding system, production and sale was established and organized by the state. After the war the number of cows was 218,406, and number in milk production 161,452.
After the first five years of the post-war livestock fund reconstruction during which the number of livestock was increasing very fast, 2001 and 2002 were characterized with a decrease in cattle numbers and modest increases of sheep, pig and chickens, and since 2003, all livestock categories are increasing except goats (Table 5).
Cattle and sheep
Sheep are widely distributed, being most evident in hill and especially mountain areas where they are often the only, or the main, farm enterprises. Sheep are predominantly kept out of doors for all or most of the year, or housed in the winter when grazing is unavailable. In Bosnia it is still common practice for sheep to migrate from mountain to hilly or plain areas for grazing during winter.
Dairy farming
The main characteristic of the pre-war primary dairy sector were: a dominant share of small producers (up to three heads); very low yields (1 400 litres per cow p.a.); low milk collection rate (12-15%); poor herd breed composition and no selection activities in the private sector; private producers were not included in incentive and supportive measures of the government; state owned farms had higher yields but they only produced 30% of the milk, so the majority of milk producers were left to themselves. War damage almost destroyed the sector completely. In 1991, the number of cows in -Bosnia and Herzegovina was 623,000 and average annual yield of 1 410 litres per cow. During the war the number of cows fell by 60%, and milk production by even more as the average milk yield also fell. Many farmers became refugees or were displaced so the number of farmers decreased. An estimated 80% of farm infrastructure suffered war damage and access to agricultural land suitable for livestock production was restricted due to the numerous minefields. Channels for milk distribution were disrupted and the majority of institutions specialized in supporting the dairy sector ceased activities.
The dairy sector in Bosnia and Herzegovina has been the subject of many studies and development programmes and projects as a priority agricultural sector. The Government emphasizes that the agriculture and dairy sector, are strategic and, although the level of regulation in the dairy sector in Bosnia and Herzegovina is far behind EU member states, it is still the most regulated agricultural sector in the country. Thus, in 2005, Republika Srpska (RS) allocated 26% (4.4 million) and Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (FB&H) allocated 43% (3.5 million) of their total budgets for subsidies for the dairy sector.
The trend in milk productions over the 2000-2007 in terms of cattle numbers, total milk production and yield per cow per annum is shown in Table 6 (where figures differ slightly from the FAO data in Table 5). Cattle numbers declined in 2001 and 2002, and have been slowly increasing since. The 2007 number of cows is only 53% of the pre war one. Milk production over 2000-2007 recorded constant growth and reached 724 million litres in 2007, which is 39% more than in 2000. It is encouraging that the increased milk production is the result of increased yield per cow which rose from 1 781 l in 2000 to 2 360 l in 2006, or 32%. Yield per cow in 2007 is 39% higher than pre period, thanks to improvement of the breed composition.
A farm register has not yet been set up in Bosnia and Herzegovina, so it is impossible to get reliable data on farm numbers and their structure. Average herd size was 2.32 head in 2007 (Table 7), which is far below for example Slovenia (6.6) and other EU countries. Small farms up to two head account for 48.5% of the total cow herd, and 95.5% of the herd is on farms up to 30 head. Even farms that are considered as medium or large for local conditions have few cows. Thus, average size of the farms that have 5-10 head is 6.72, for farms with 11-30 cows average is 16.64 head; 46.11 for those with 31-100 heads and 259 head for farms with more than 100 head. Only 3.1% of all cows are on farms with over 100 head. Such unfavourable structure with many very small farms has numerous consequences on performance at farm level. This structure also indicates low specialization in agricultural production as most dairy farms are not commercially specialised in milk production, but semi-subsistence farms in which milk is a source of certain and safe income.
Milk yield per cow per year in B&H has been recording a constant but very modest increase in the last decade. Average yield of 2 360 l per cow in 2007 is 50% higher than in 1996. Yield per cow is somewhat higher in Republika Srpska than in the Federation of B&H, but, in general, is very low and far below the yields in EU countries. There are many reasons for such poor productivity; first is poor animal nutrition. Grazing is rare due to small farm plots. Hay, as a main component of the diet, is often of poor quality. In winter hay is often combined with maize silage. Part of the diet is concentrate or energy feeds like corn. During the growing season animals are fed on green forage of legumes or grass-legume mixtures (temporary grasslands). Besides, there are poor herd breed composition and the poor level of technical and technological knowledge of the farmers. The number of market-oriented farmers who already achieve remarkable results is also increasing in Bosnia and Herzegovina, thanks, among others, to a number of development projects implemented by international organizations during the last decade.
As far as delivery of milk to the dairies is concerned, significant progress has been recorded during 2000-2006. In 2000-2005, collection increased annually by 22%, and then slowed down in 2006, due to closing down of some dairies. In delivery of milk to the dairies FB&H contributed with 51%, RS with 47% and Brcko District with 2%. In 2006 180 million litres of milk were delivered to the dairies, which was 7% more than in the previous year and amounted to 27% of total milk production. Although this means that significant quantities of milk are still not sold to dairies but consumed or processed domestically or sold locally, milk collection is 71% higher in 2006 than pre-war. 31,414 farmers are included in milk collection and the average delivery per farmer in 2006 was 5,660 l (6,416 in FB&H and 5,020 in RS).
Consumption data are not recorded so it is difficult to provide data
about dairy consumption, but taking into account production and import
less export the consumption of all milk products is increasing gradually
each year. In 2007 the consumption per capita of fluid milk was 43.5 kg,
yoghurt 7.71 kg, cheese 3.14 kg, while butter consumption stagnated at
0.55 kg.; these levels are very low comparing to most EU countries.
The official statistical office is still in the process of development so it is hard to obtain reliable data about sector economic performance. Total dairy industry sales and exports have been gradually increasing during 2004-2006. The increase rate of dairy sales was 34% in 2006 compared to 2004. The sector is not an important contributor to the GDP, but its contribution increased from 0.698% of GDP in 2004 to 0.777% in 2006. Sector output share in total industry output is changing slowly from 7.4% in 2004 to 7.9% in 2006. It means the sector is small but its performances are improving each year. More than 20% of dairy production is exported. The share of dairy products value in exports of agriculture and food products is gradually increasing over time and in 2007 it reached 23% of total agribusiness export. Compared to other food sectors dairy export performance is good and more importantly it has been improving over time.
Beef production
According to data from the Chamber of Foreign Trade, the meat sector is among the least as regards foreign exchange. In 2000, total meat imports amounted to 89.9 million, while the value of exports was only 8.24 millions. In 2006, the situation was even worse at, 127.12 million and 8.33 million respectively. Even with the current low average meat consumption per capita, estimated at 34.8 kg, Bosnia and Herzegovina is self-sufficient only in sheep and goat meat. The percentage self sufficiency is, according to expert estimations, much lower than officially reported due to illegal imports. According to official data, self-sufficiency in beef was 70% in 2006, while in the Mid-term Strategy of the Agricultural Sector in the Federation of Bosnia Herzegovina (FBH), the experts estimated self-sufficiency it at only 27%. Self-sufficiency is lower in FBH than in Republika Srpska, but official data do not include trade in illegal imports on the black market so they give the false picture that self-sufficiency is higher than it really is. But, although much lower than in the past, beef is still the single most common meat consumed contributing 35.5% in 2000 and 32.88% in 2006. Records indicate a slow but constant increase in the share provided by sheep and goat meat, rising from 9.3% in 2000 to 12.63% in 2006.
Opportunities for further sector development should be sought in very low self sufficiency. Gaining the trust of consumers in the quality of domestically produced meat should also be considered. Meat producers are not competitive on the market due to the lack of support, lack of efficient control of the border and the consequent large amounts of cheap black market meat, unstable and high prices of inputs, but also their weaknesses at farm level. These weaknesses are easily seen in poor production practices, low levels of technical knowledge, insufficient care of animal feeding and welfare and many other issues. These weaknesses result in low yields, high production costs, inefficiency and low competitiveness. Therefore, the main challenge will be to increase the efficiency of meat producers; underused capacity of many slaughterhouses and meat processing plants can accommodate all current and foreseen quantities of domestically produced meat.
Sheep and goats
Sheep farming is historically nomadic; it is still common practice that sheep are moved from mountain to hilly or plain areas for grazing in winter. Otherwise sheep are predominantly grazed out of doors. In future that nomadic system may be forbidden due to changes of arable land utilization, but also because of some sheep diseases. Sheep usually graze on low productive pastures getting also some salt. The number of sheep per flock varies from 50 to 200, rarely more.
The dominant sheep breed is Pramenka, a primitive breed adapted to harsh environments and feeding. Body weight of ewes is 25-55 and rams 35-80 kg, with meat ratio after slaughtering 40-50%. This breed is triple-purpose: meat, milk and wool. Depending on where they are developed they are known as follows: Dubska, Privorska, Kupreska, Stolacka and Podveleska. The most important and widespread is the Dubska breed, well known also Vlasicka, in central Bosnia on the Vlasić mountain (Photo 1).
In the 1990s there were programs of improving the Pramenka (see Photo 2) breed by crossing with Wurttemberg, but this lapsed during the war.
Pramenka produce 70 to 100 litres of milk and 1.5 to 2 kg wool. Milk is used in the family or for making cheese. Famous cheeses include Vlasic cheese, Livno cheese (Photo 3), cheese from sack a fermented cheese (see Photo 3) made in a sheep skin or sack from sheep milk or mixed sheep and cow milk in Herzegovina, and special sheep cheeses. Nowadays efforts are being made to have these cheeses connected to their geographical origin for sale on the European market.
Goats do not have such economic importance as sheep. It is thought that goats are more suited to poor people; they are modest concerning food and accommodation but they can get milk and meat for a poor family. This could be the reason for more goats in 1996 (136 800 head) than in 2007 (70 255 head). Goat milk and meat is of a high quality and demand is increasing.
The main breed spread in Bosnia is the Balkanic goat which can be found in the hilly and mountain region, but now and then at lower altitude. It has good resistance to unfavourable environmental conditions and they are very modest concerning feeding. It can be coloured white, black and brown. Body weight ranges from 30 to 40 kg for female and 40 to 60 kg for males. Milk yield is around 130 l per year.
Livestock production is emphasised in all strategies, both in Republic Srpska and Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and forage production is given high importance. But just as the livestock sector has numerous difficulties so does forage production.
The main characteristic of pre-war ruminant production was a dominant share of small producers, up to three head; very low milk yields (1 400 litre per cow p.a.), poor breed composition and they were not included in the supportive measures of the government. They did not pay much attention to forage production and quality. State owned farms had better breeds and higher yields, but represented only 30% of milk production; they had better organized forage production, with higher yields of forage, usually of better quality. War damage almost destroyed the sector, and forage production shared the same destiny.
Data about forage crops on arable (Table 9) land indicate that, thirteen years later, there is less sown forage than before the war. However, it seems that forage yield per hectare is increasing. Perennial forage crops occupy the majority of arable land under this type of production. In recent years more attention is given to maize for silage, especially in lowland. Among perennials, by area clovers are more important than alfalfa although the latter is more productive. Soils in Bosnia and Herzegovina are more suitable for red clover or other perennial legumes. In the statistics for B&H clovers include bird's foot trefoil and sainfoin.
Alibegovic-Grbic (1992) noted dry matter yield for alfalfa, clover and grass legume mixtures (Photos 4 and 5) as follows 3.36; 2.8 and 2.6 t ha1, respectively. These yields are a third or less of the potential of the most important perennial forages. It is encouraging that yields show an increasing trend and even higher yields can be expected with improving socio-economic conditions in the state.
Perhaps the greatest problem is poor forage quality due to late mowing; farmers mow perennial legumes at late flowering or even later, as well as grasses. Grass-legume mixtures (temporary grasslands) consist of many species of different maturities which makes for problems in defining time of mowing to get quality forage. These crops are used as green forage during the vegetation season; less often grazed and for haymaking. Silage making from perennials is not common in Bosnia, but lately more and more big bales can be seen.
Seed is another problem because most of it is now imported on the black market and through "holes" along the state border; the quality of imported seed is very questionable (variety, origin, disease status and so on). Domestic seed production is ruined due to the low price of imported seed and its production is now very limited. Farmers mention that they sow alfalfa in spring and by next spring it has disappeared. Formerly there was forage crop breeding, on a modest scale, producing Bosnian cultivars: BL- 422, Banjalučanka, Sonja, Biljana, Olimpik 84 (alfalfa); BL-17, Tera, Butmirka (Bird's foot trefoil); BL-4, BL Krajina (Cocksfoot); BL-B (Timothy) and Buki (Red fescue). Unfortunately, seed from domestic cultivars can only be found in very small quantities, or not at all. In the past -Bosnia was known as a seed exporter.
Bosnia and Herzegovina is characterized by very different soil and climate conditions and that is why there are many different types of grassland (Photo 6). Usually they are rich in species but botanical composition varies from acid to calcareous, from wet to dry soils, deep to shallow. There has been much research on grassland associations and their botanical composition, especially after the Second World War, but the inventory is not yet complete. According to the literature and some recent inventories, Bosnia and Herzegovinian grassland include:
Phragmiteto-Magnocaricetea, wet grasslands can be found in Posvina, karst valleys, along rivers or lakes. Botanical composition of these grasslands includes the following species: Phragmites communis, Iris pseudacorus, Alisma plantago, Cicuta virosa, Oenanthe aquatica, Scirpus lacustris, Typha latifolia, Lysimachia vulgaris, Solanum dulcamara, Typha angustifolia, Myosotis palustris, Acorus calamus, Glyceria acquatica, Sium latifolium, Sparganium neglectum, Phalaris arundinacea, Veronica anagallis, Oenanthe fistulosa, Butomus umbellatus, Galium palustre, Carex riparia, Polygonum amphibium, Beckmannia eruciformis, Alisma plantago, Rorippa amphibia, Carex vulpina, Carex elata, Galium elongatum, Peucedanum palustre, Carex pseudocyperus, Carex gracilis, Senecio paludosa, Euphorbia palustris, Typhoides arundinacea, Poa palustris, Equisetum limosum, Gratiola officinalis, Lysimachia vulgaris, Cicuta virosa, Scirpus silvaticus, Juncus glaucus.
Molinio Arrhenatheretea grasslands are predominantly situated in lowland with fresh to wet soils, used as meadows or pastures. This type is the most productive. The botanical composition includes: Dactylis glomerata, Ranunculus acris, Holcus lanatus, Cerasitum caespitosum, Festuca pratensis, Vicia cracca, Colchicum autumnale, Alopecurus pratensis, Lathyrus pratensis, Cirsium oleraceum, Festuca rubra, Lychnis flos cuculi, Potentilla reptans Ranunculus repens, Bellis perennis, Carex nemorosa, Molinia coreulea, Arrhenatherum elatius, Deschampsia caespitosa, Phleum pratensis, Filipendula ulmaria, Scirpus silvaticus, Lotus uliginosus, Cardamine pratensis, Thalictrum lucidum, Sanguisorba officinalis, Lythrum salicaria, Thalictrum flavum, Valeriana officinalis, Angelica silvestris, Cirsium palustre, Succisa inflexa, Gratiola officinalis, Inula salicina, Centaurea jacea, Plantago lanceolata, Lysimachia nummularia, Poa trivialis, Peucedanum coriaceum ssp. Pospichalii, Trifolium pratense, Leotondon autumnalis, Lysimachia vulgaris, Bromus racemosus, Antoxanthum odoratum, Equisetum palustre, Leotondon hispidus, Festuca arundinacea, Prunella vulgaris, Alectrolophus maior, Briza media, Lolium perenne, Alectrolophus minor, Tragopogon orientalis, Cynosurus cristatus, Polygonum bistorta, Trifolium patens. Within this order, on areas with excessive water there are: Molinietum coeruleae Deschampsietum caespitosae, Cynosuretum cristati, Agrostideto-Cynosuretum cristati and Alopecureto-Festucetum pratensis, but also Arrhenatheretum elatioris, Violeto-Festucetum fallacies and Festuceto-Agrostidetum vulgaris on better soils.
Festuco-Brometea grasslands occupy more or less dry areas in hilly and mountain areas. As affected by many factors of climate and soil, these grasslands include a lot of grassland associations such as: Brometo-Plantaginetum mediae, Andropogonetum ischaemi, Danthonietum calycinae, Nardetum strictae, Agrostiodetum caninae, Potentillo aureae-Nardetum strictae, Seslerietum tenuifoliae, Caricetum laevis. Caricetum laevis-Helianthemum alpestre, Anthylleto-Seslerietum rigidae, Carex sempervirens- carex ferruginea, Festucetum pungentis, Hypochoereto Festucetum amethystinae, Seslerietum comosae-Gentiana punctata, Festucetum supinae, Festucetum Halleri- Geum montanum, Poetum violaceae, Potentilla aurea- Agrostis rupestris, Festucetum spadiceae, Festuca pseudoovina-Agrostis castellan, Danthonieto-Scorzoneretum villosae, Schorzonereto- Hypochoeretum masculatae. Within these, and also many other associations, the following species can be found: Festuca pseudovina, Bromus erectus, Koeleria pyramidata, Danthonia calycina, Molinia littoralis, Coronilla varia, Medicago minima, Orchis morio, Orchis ustulata, Orchis tridentata, Hippocrepis maculata, Scabiosa gramuntia, Centaurea angustifolia, Gentiana ciliata, Prunella laciniata, Spiranthes spiralis, Ophrys sphecodes, Linum flavum, Euphorbia verrucosa, Cirsium pannonicum. Plantago media, Globularia wilkommii, Linum viscosum, Stachys erecta, Carex humilis, Anthyllis vulneraria, Hippocrepis comosa, Salvia pratensis, Koeleria gracilis, Chrysanthemum leucanthemum, Sanguisorba minor, Anthericum ramosum, Asperula chinanchica, Potentilla opaca, Petroselinum oreoselinum, Trifolium montanum, Teucrium chamaedrys, Carum carvi, Trifolium alpestre, Medicago falcata, Medicago lupulina. Nardus stricta, Trisetum flavescens, Festuca ovina, Deschampsia flexuosa, Danthonia calycina, Sieglingia decumbens, Poa violacea, Festuca rubra, Carex pilulifera, Luzula campestris, Luzula multiflora, Genista sagittalis, Lotus corniculatus, Trifolium repens, Stachys officinalis, Geum montanum, Hieracium pilosella, Leotondon hastilis, Antennaria dioica, Achillea millefolium, Hypochoeris comosa, Potentilla aurea. Seseleria tenuifolia, Festuca Panćićiana, Carex laevis, Dryas octopetala, Edraianthus graminifolius, Pedicularis oederi, Oxytropis dinarica, Euphrasia salisburgensis, Silene acaulis f. balcanica, Dianthus pindicola, Aster alpinus f. dolomiticus, Saxifraga porophylla, Scabiosa silenifolia, Veronica saturoides, Gentiana clusii, Pedicularis verticillata, Leontopodium alpinum, Ranunculus hybridus, Androsace villosa, Anthyllis jacquinii, Arctostaphyllos uva ursi, Thesium parnassi, Silene saxifraga. Festuca pungens, Linum capitates, Scabies leucophylla, Scorzonera villosa, Silene sendteri, Helianthemum obscurum, Stachys jacquinii, Gentiana symphyandra, Chrysanthemum heterophyllum, Asperula longifolora. Thymus balcanicus, Calamintha alpina, Anthyllis alpestris, Crepis montana, Iberis sempervirens, Chrysanthemum montanum, Hypochoeris illyrica, Campanula glomerata, Minuratia verna, Dianthus croaticus, Pedicularis brachydonta, Lilium bosniacum, Nigritella nigra, Solidago alpestris, Gymnadenia conopea, Koeleria cristata, Gentiana tergestina, Globularia bellidifolia, Carex laevis, Scabiosa silenifolia, Onobrychis scardica, Campanula eliptica, Carex curvula, Luzula campestris, Luzula spicata, Genista depressa, Juncus trifidus, Deschampsia flexuosa, Festuca supina, Gentiana punctata, Antennaria dioica, Potentilla ternata, Geum montanum, Jasione orbiculata. Chrysopogon gryllus, Festuca valesiaca, Koeleria splendens, Plantago holosteum, Thesium divaricatum, Bupleurum veronense, Gentiana weldeniana, Medicago falcata, Prunella laciniata, Chrysanthemum liburnicum, Salvia pratensis, Linum tenuifolium, Linum gallicum, Hippocrepis comosa, Carex glauca, Sanguisorba muricata, Dianthus tergestinus, Plantago carinata, Genista silvestris, Centaurea rupestris, Teucrium montanum, Satureia subspicata, Satureia montana, Stipa mediterranea.
Livestock production is stressed in all national strategies, with forage production of high importance in developing the sector; opportunities for improvement of pasture resources are considerable.
True meadows are still managed to produce hay which is cut in late June to July, sometimes later when plants are in the flowering stage or often at seed set. Pastures are used for continuous sheep grazing. Poor yields are followed by poor quality. All because, first of all the previous state of agriculture, but also poor breeds and small and fragmented farms. There was no need for better quality forage; anything was good enough for poor stock and neglected agriculture.
In recent years farms are improving, milk and meat production are rising and the number of market oriented farmers is increasing. There is reason to improve forage production and quality, both on arable land and grasslands.
Improvement of forage production on arable land may include:
Improvement of forage production on grasslands should include:
The big problem is lack of a joint state-level ministry of agriculture. Then there is an open market which makes domestic production uncompetitive. Insufficient budget for support measures is one of the traits for further development of the ruminant sector. Last but not least state support to agriculture is declared rather than real.
Alibegovic-Grbic, S. (1992) Proizvodnja krmnog bilja-viegodinje
krmno bilje na oranicama. Zadrugar DD,
S., Custovic, H. (2002) Some Measurement in Changing Botanical Composition
and Increasing of Biodiversity on Grasslands. Grassland Science in
Alibegović-Grbić, S., Civic, H., Cengic, S., Muratovic, S.
and Dzomba, E.(2004) Effects of weather conditions, stage of plants growth
and application on forage yield and its quality of grasslands. Grassland
Science in
Alibegovic-Grbic, S., Eric, P., Vuckovic, S., Cupina, B., Dubljevic, R., Ivanovski, R. P., Prentovic, T., Gataric, Dj., Nedovic, B. (2005) Unapregjenje proizvodnje krme na prirodnim travnjacima. Sarajevo.Book, 176 p.
Alibegović-Grbic, S., Murtić, S., Bezdrob, M. (2007) Mountain Vlasic as a possible source of Plant Genetic Resources. V. Symposium of Agriculture, Veterinary, Forestry and Biotechnology. Vlaić.
Alibegovic-Grbic S., Bezdrob M. and Gataric Dj. (2005) Effect of low-rate
N application and cutting frequency on botanical composition of short-term
natural grassland. Grassland Science in
Batinica D. (1977) Grasslands, Zadrugar,
Batinica, D., Baović, M. (1979) Neki od načina povećanja prinosa i kvaliteta prirodnih livada i panjaka ubrdsko-planinskom području. Sobornik af vz v Praze k 80. Narozeninam Akademika Ant. Klečky, 47-55.
Bojnec, A. . (2005), Slovenian retailing market structures, retail prices, and size of marketing margins for food staples. In: Brosig, S and Hockman, H (eds.), How effective is the invisible hand Agricultural and food markets in Central and Eastern Europe, Studies on the agricultural and food sector in Central and Eastern Europe, Vol. 31, Institute of Agricultural Development in Central and Eastern Europe (IMAO), Halle (Saale), 150-167.
Dugoročni Program Razvoja Agrarne Privredeu Bosni i Hercegovini (1986-2000).Sarajevo, 1986. p. 192.
Gatarić Đ, Đurić B, Radić V, Lakić .
(2007) Forage production trends in
Kovačević, J. (1963): Fitocenologija travnjaka,
Lacko, M. (2000) Hidden Economy Unknown Quantity Comparative Analysis of
Hidden Economies in Transition Countries, The Economics of Transition Vol. 8 No. 1
Lakuić, R. (1982): Ekosistem Vlaića, Bilten Drutva ekologa
SR BiH 1,
Federation of
Statistics Bulletin of
World Factbook (2009) < https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/bk.html >
WTO, 2006 World Trade Organization, International trade statistics 2006.
Directorate for economic planning


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qmatplot is a gnuplot-like tool for plotting data sets in either two or three dimensions. It can plot many types of 2d plots, including pixmaps and contours, and 3d surfaces. It offers a full WYSIWYG mode with multiple objects on a single page. See the sc
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Fri Apr 6, 2012, 07:07 AM
xchrom (108,903 posts)
On the stump, Senate Dem candidates split with Obama over Keystone pipeline
President Obama has steered clear of taking a firm stance on the Keystone pipeline, but many Democrats running for Senate dont have the same luxury.
Eight of the 18 non-incumbent Democrats running for Senate surveyed by The Hill either steadfastly support the pipeline or oppose it outright, breaking with Obamas decision to reserve judgment on the project until federal regulators conduct a full review.
Republican Senate hopefuls have made the pipeline which would carry oil sands crude from Alberta, Canada, to refineries on the Gulf Coast a top campaign issue. The emphasis on the pipeline has forced many Democratic candidates to stake out a clear position on the project, whether they like it or not.
TransCanada Corp.'s Keystone XL pipeline has ignited a firestorm in Washington.
The president denied a cross-border permit for the pipeline in January, infuriating Republicans and launching a thorny political debate in Congress that has forced vulnerable Senate Democrats to weigh in on the project. But Obama has said his decision to reject the pipeline was based not on its merits, but on a 60-day, GOP-backed deadline included in legislation to extend the payroll tax cut.
2 replies, 941 views
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|2 replies
On the stump, Senate Dem candidates split with Obama over Keystone pipeline (Original post)
|Apr 2012
|Apr 2012
|Apr 2012
Response to xchrom (Original post)
Fri Apr 6, 2012, 07:14 AM
brooklynite (38,827 posts)
1. Two US Senators have told me personally...
...that they expect the Dems to end up supporting it, because you can't convince voters that more oil in the US doesn't mean lower gas prices.
Response to xchrom (Original post)
Fri Apr 6, 2012, 07:27 AM
newfie11 (8,159 posts)
2. I am appalled at the stupidity of voters in this country
If this passes and there are leaks (and that is a given) I hope they enjoy the higher cost of food once the Ogallala is polluted. Then again maybe they don't mind eating oil with that! Our irrigation water comes from mountain lakes in Wyoming but our drinking water comes right out of the Ogallala. Might be finally time to sell the farm and move out of this country if this goes through.


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Mets pull away from Pirates in 6th for victory at Citi Field
NEW YORK — Before Tuesday's game at Citi Field, Pirates manager Clint Hurdle said he was considering using hard-throwing lefty reliever Justin Wilson in more tie-score situations, even games in which the Pirates trailed by a run or two, now that Jason Grilli had returned to lengthen the back of the bullpen.
Hurdle said he did not regret not putting the idea into practice sooner in a 4-2 loss to the New York Mets.
Instead of turning to Wilson in a tie game in the sixth, Hurdle began the inning with long-man Jeanmar Gomez. Hurdle eventually went to Wilson in the inning, but by the time he did, the damage was done. Gomez allowed two runs and recorded just one out.
"We were down at the bottom of the order. (The thinking) was Gomez to start that inning, save Wilson for the left-handers in the middle if we needed him," Hurdle said. "We used Gomez the other night in the seventh inning in a tie ballgame. I don't have any reservations about using him at any point in time.
"(Gomez) has been on a good roll. … It wasn't one of his signature outings."
Hurdle was forced to summon the bullpen earlier than he would have liked as he received a subpar performance from Edinson Volquez.
Volquez entered having cut his walk rate in half, averaging 2.4 walks per nine innings compared to 4.6 for his career.
Perhaps the improved command came at the cost of velocity and missing bats as Volquez entered with his fastball velocity and strikeout down from career norms. For at least for one night, Volquez returned to being the pitcher who baffled the Reds, Padres and Dodgers from 2009-13.
Volquez entered Tuesday having rarely touched the mid-90s. His fastest pitch entering play was 95 mph. On Tuesday he routinely hit 95 mph and touched 98 mph, the first time he reached such a velocity since 2009, according to Fangraphs.com. He struck out six in five innings.
"(Francisco Liriano) told me about it when I got back to the dugout," Volquez said. "He started laughing. He said, 'That's the first time in a long time you throw 98.' I just let it go a little bit tonight. … I was throwing 96-97, (but) lack of control, I don't like that. You get loose, and you want to over throw a little bit."
The Citi Field PITCHf/x speed ratings did not appear to be hot as Mets starter Jonathan Niese's fastball was 87-89 mph, in line with his average on the season.
Volquez's problem was a return of spotty command. He walked five batters and often missed in the zone. Daniel Murphy doubled and scored on a Bobby Abreu single in the third. In the fourth, Reuben Tejada doubled and scored on a Juan Lagares double to stake the Mets to a 2-0 lead.
The Pirates entered with a 3-1 record against left-handed starting pitchers. But Niese kept the Pirates off-balance, beginning the game with five straight shutout innings. In the sixth, Niese walked the bases loaded. With two outs, Starling Marte atoned for a first inning-fielding gaffe when he did not give way to Andrew McCutchen, resulting in a two-base error. Marte lashed a two-run single to tie the score at 2-2.
But a day after the Pirates' pinch-hitters won the day, they faltered Tuesday.
Former Pirates pitcher Vic Black, acquired in the Marlon Byrd trade last season, relieved Niese. Black walked Neil Walker to load the bases in the sixth. Former Met Ike Davis pinch hit, but he struck out to end the threat.
In the eighth, with two on and two out and the Pirates down by two, Pedro Alvarez pinch hit against righty Jenrry Mejia. Alvarez grounded into a double play, ending the Pirates' last threat.


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Welcome to E-Books Directory
This is a freely downloadable e-book.
Making Muslim Space in North America and Europe
Read this book online or download it here for free
Making Muslim Space in North America and Europe
by Barbara Daly Metcalf
Publisher: University of California Press 1996
Number of pages: 263
Focusing on the private and public use of space, this volume explores the religious life of the new Muslim communities in North America and Europe. These essays concentrate on cultural practices and expressions of everyday life rather than on the political issues that dominate today's headlines. The authors emphasize the cultural strength and creativity of communities that draw upon Islamic symbols and practices to define "Muslim space" against the background of a non-Muslim environment.
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Release Notes: A memory leak has been fixed. Unused buttons have been removed from the UI. A nicer icon has been added.
Release Notes: The build problems that users reported should be fixed. A workaround for the UI sizing issue has been implemented. Binary packages for some Red Hat Linux versions are available now.
Release Notes: This release should fix some of the compilation problems people reported with GCC 3.2.2.
Release Notes: Support was added for changing the MAC authorization table, and a few bugs were fixed.
Release Notes: This release fixes a bug that caused the ESSID to be truncated to the length of the previous ESSID.
Release Notes: Support for changing the APs operation mode and antenna diversity has been added. The connection dialog has a list of access points that were previously connected to, with the most recent one as the default. There is better error handling. Most SNMP errors should result in unfriendly dialog boxes, rather than unfriendly messages on the console. Manual WEP key entry should work now. Setting the SNMP password should really work now. The "Restore Defaults" button is disabled now, because it never worked right anyway. Larger fonts should display better.
Release Notes: A new ability to change the SNMP admin password, autorefreshing the stats dialogs, and small UI bugfixes.
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I am not going to pierce my baby girl's tiny little ears. I think my daughter should be able to make that decision herself way later in life. But my BF (breastfeed, or boyfriend) said that it is silly to think that because I will not wait for her to name herself either? LOL.
What do you think? Is it the same thing?????


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You won't be able to dismiss this by usual means (escape or click button), but you can close it programatically based on user choices or actions.
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Study Safety/Efficacy of AmBisome Loading Dose Regimen Versus Standard AmBisome Regimen for Initial Treatment
This study has been completed.
Gilead Sciences
Information provided by:
Gilead Sciences
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:
First received: September 7, 2005
Last updated: November 17, 2005
Last verified: September 2005
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- No Study Results Posted
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- How to Read a Study Record
No Study Results Posted on ClinicalTrials.gov for this Study
|Study Status:
|This study has been completed.
|Estimated Study Completion Date:
|January 2005
|Primary Completion Date:
|No date given


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London (AP) - The founder of WikiLeaks said Friday he fears that the United States is getting ready to indict him, but insisted that the secret-spilling site would continue its work despite what he has called a dirty tricks campaign.
Assange spoke from snowbound Ellingham Hall, a supporter's 10-bedroom country mansion where he is confined on bail as he fights Sweden's attempt to extradite him on allegations of rape and molestation. Assange insisted to television interviewers that he was being subjected to a smear campaign and "what appears to be a secret grand jury investigation against me or our organization."
He did not elaborate, but said he had retained an unnamed U.S. law firm to represent him.
Assange has repeatedly voiced concerns that American authorities were getting ready to press charges over WikiLeaks' continuing release of some 250,000 secret State Department cables, which have angered and embarrassed U.S. officials worldwide.
U.S. officials are investigating WikiLeaks and considering charges against Assange, a case that if pursued could end up pitting the government's efforts to protect sensitive information against press and speech freedoms guaranteed by the First Amendment. The government suspects WikiLeaks received the documents from an Army private, Bradley Manning, who is in the brig on charges of leaking other classified documents to the organization.
A High Court judge freed Assange on bail Thursday on condition he reside at the 600-acre estate in eastern England, wear an electronic tag and report to police daily. Assange spent more than a week in prison after handing himself in to British police on Dec. 7. He is wanted in Sweden for questioning about sex allegations leveled against him by two women he spent time with while visiting the country in August.
Swedish officials -- and the lawyer for the women involved -- have denied accusations from Assange and his supporters that the allegations are politically motivated.
Attempts to reach Assange's British lawyers weren't immediately successful Friday.
Assange appeared to come close Friday to acknowledging that Manning was one of his sources, calling him "a young man somehow embroiled in our publishing activities."
"We can see that he's the only person, only one of our military sources, who has been accused," he said.
But Assange appeared to be citing media accounts of Manning's links to WikiLeaks, rather than his own knowledge. In an interview later Friday on ABC's "Good Morning America," Assange said that he had never even heard Manning's name until the press began reporting it.
Assange also claimed to have information that more "smears" were on their way. He didn't go into detail.
Although Assange promised to focus on clearing his name, he said his first priority was to his work -- which he said would continue at a faster pace now that he was back in charge.
"Now that I am back to assist the directing of our ship, our work will proceed in a faster manner," he said in an interview with the BBC late Thursday.


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Welcome to Soft Touch Needlecrafts, we are a family run crafts supplier based in Tavistock, Devon, on the edge of Dartmoor.
We can offer our customers a large range of
We stock a fabulous range of Patchwork and Quilting Fabrics, Quilting Fabric Craft Panels, and Books to inspire your next Patchwork project. So come on you Quilters get quilting!
As for our Cardmakers and Scrapbooking enthusiasts Soft Touch Needlecrafts can supply a wide range of Cardmaking goods and Embellishments for you Cardmakers; Scrapbooking Albums for our Scrapbookers, and Papers, Fibres and Stickers suitable for Cardmaking and Scrapbooking.
All this plus Wooden Buttons, Novelty Buttons, Beads and Beading related goods. In fact we have everything a Crafter could wish for.


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Welcome to West Calder Metals LTD ,
West Calder Metals LTD is an established buisness dealing in all types of ferrous and non ferrous metals.
We provide a fast and reliable service to our customers.
Our services include; factory clearance, metal collection, demoltion contractors and collections, scrap metal removal and site clearance.
We pay top prices for copper, brass, aluminium, stainless steel, lead, various cables, electric motors, iron and steel, etc…
Our premises are located in West Calder we have easy access for all types of vehicles.
Our friendly staff will help you out with all your enquiries.
We have a grab and fork lift facility, alligator sheer, cable strippers ,
wheel crusher and hydraulic crane service.
We also offer a skip collection service.
We buy in catalytic converters.We are a recognised end of life vehicle dismantler.
For enquiries please contact us on 01506 872 688
More contact information on our Contact Us page


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In early 2013, a California appellate court rendered its decision in Guerrero v. Superior Court. The decision significantly impacts elder care providers and serves as a warning to ensure you, your clients and their service providers follow California and Federal wage and hour laws.
Guerrero was employed to provide in home support services (IHSS) to eligible recipients in Sonoma County under the In-Home Support Services Act. The County and the Public Authority are separate agencies that work in conjunction to administer and oversee services rendered under the Act. Buenrostro was a disabled person eligible to receive benefits. The County and the Public Authority authorized Buenrostro and Amezcua to hire and engage an IHSS provider, and they engaged Guerrero to provide services 7 hours a day, 7 days a week. Guerrero worked for Buenrostro for three months, under Amezcua's supervision, but was never paid. Guerrero sued Buenrostro, Amezcua, the County, and the Public Authority for unpaid overtime and minimum wage as well as breach of contract claims.
After a thorough examination of the applicable law, the court came to several important conclusions:
Even though the state paid the service provider's wages, maintained workers' compensation insurance for the service provider and contributed to the state and federal unemployment and disability funds on behalf of the service provider, the court concluded that the County, the Public Authority, Amezcua and Buenrostro were all "joint employers" for wage and hour purposes.
Although the IHSS regulations give the recipient ultimate authority to hire, fire and supervise the service provider, because the County and the Public Agency "control the purse strings," they both indirectly had the ability to hire and fire the service provider. Not only could the County and Public Authority refuse to authorize services thereby effectively forcing the recipient to fire the service provider, the County and Public Authority also controlled the method of payment and were required to maintain certain employment records regarding the hours worked. The County and Public Agency were also required to ensure the recipient actually received the services and could conduct spot home checks without notification. The court felt this level of control was sufficient to establish the County, the Public Authority as employers under state and federal law.
The court pointed out that under California's much more liberal definition, an "employer" is anyone that: 1) engages someone to work, OR 2) directly or indirectly controls the hours, wages OR working conditions of the worker, OR 3) suffers or permits the employee to work. Consider a trustee that authorizes payment for wages or has the ability to cut off payment if the trustee believes the care provider's services are unnecessary or too expensive. Or the conservator who is responsible for ensuring the provider is not abusing the care recipient and that the care recipient is receiving adequate care. Or the family member that checks up on mom and tells the caregiver how to get mom to eat her veggies. All these people, including the care recipient, are potential employers.
Because the case went to the appellate court at the pleading stage, the court assumed that all allegations in the complaint were true. Guerrero alleged she spent more than 20% of her time performing general household work. Both the federal "companion" exemption and the state "personal attendant" exemption cannot apply if the employee spends more than 20% of his/her time performing general household work.
The court distinguished between work related to the care of the recipient, such as meal preparation, bed making, laundry, and other similar services," and household work that is unrelated to the care of the recipient, such as dusting. Household work related to the care of the individual would not be counted toward the 20% threshold, whereas "dusting or cleaning the client's bedroom or living room" would be routine, general household work that would be counted. The court used an example from McCune v. Oregon Senior Services Div. (D.Or. 1986) 643 F.Supp.1444, where in the court found that cleaning up a spill made by the recipient is related to the care of the client, but cleaning the house in general is not related to the care of the client.
The court specifically referenced an opinion letter from the California Division of Labor Standards Enforcement (Labor Commissioner) clarifying what activities fall within the "feeding, dressing and supervising" activities under the personal attendant exemption. The Labor Commissioner has taken varying positions regarding exactly which duties are part of included within the exemption. The Labor Commissioner's 2005 opinion letter states:
We cannot provide you with a comprehensive list of acceptable duties for a personal attendant. However it is instructional, and not inconsistent with the long-standing DLSE position, to consider those duties included by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services National Center for Health Statistics' definitions for activities of daily living. Such activities relate to personal care and include, but are not limited to, such duties as bathing, showering, getting in or out of a bed or chair and using a toilet. "Supervising" may also include assistance in obtaining medical care, preparing meals, managing money, shopping for groceries or personal items, using a telephone or performing housework when such activities are related to the independent living of the person and cannot be performed by him or herself alone due to a health or age limitation. It must be noted, however, that any general housekeeping duties performed should not exceed 20%of the weekly working time spent by the personal attendant to maintain his or her exemption under IWC Wage Order 15.
As far as I can tell, this is the first published decision affirming the Labor Commissioner's latest opinion in this matter.
Which wage order applies can make a significant difference in a wage and hour claim. Wage Order 15 is the only wage order that exempts personal attendants from California's overtime requirements. While the exemption does not exclude the employee from California's minimum wage requirements, it does avoid overtime liability.
Additionally, a different wage order that might apply, Wage Order 5, is the only wage order that does not require an employee to be paid for all time that the employee spends on the premises. Under Wage Order 5, if the employee is required to reside on the premises (like a live-in caretaker), the "hours worked" are only those hours that the employee actually spends performing his or her duties, thereby allowing an employer to exclude personal time or sleeping time from the employee's working hours. Wage Order 5 applies to any business that provides meals. So, then, which wage order applies?
The court rejected the County's and the Public Agency's argument that Wage Order 15 did not apply. Defendants argued that Wage Order 15 only applies to someone who is "an employee of a private householder." According to the defendants, if the provider is employed by a public agency then by the wage order's own definition Wage Order 15 cannot apply. The court, with very little analysis, concluded that Wage Order 15 applies because Guerrero was an employee of the recipient (e.g., the private householder) and the mere fact that the County and the Public Authority are also considered joint employers should not change the fact that Guerrero was "an employee of a private householder.
There is still an argument that Wage Order 5 could apply because Wage Order 15, which is an "occupation" order, says that it applies "unless such occupation is performed for an industry covered by an industry Order of this Commission." Wage Order 5 is an "industry" order. Wage Order 5 applies to any business that "provides, meals, housing or maintenance services whether operated as a primary business or when incidental to other operations." If the caregiver provides meals to the client, then arguably Wage Order 5 applies. If Wage Order 5 applies then Wage Order 15 would not apply because industry orders take precedence over occupation orders.
Which wage order applies will determine when, and if, the employee is entitled to overtime.
If you or someone you know works with caregivers, familiarize yourself with the rights and responsibilities of an employer. Take steps to protect yourself and your loved ones by ensuring you hire reputable businesses to help minimize liabilities.
Employment Employment law and finances Workers' compensation Unemployment compensation Elder law Employee protection laws Lawsuits and disputes Appeals
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"Who are you?" inquired Richard Dewey, not favorably impressed by the appearance of the man who addressed him.
"You wouldn't know if I should tell you," said Jones; "so I may as well say that I came out to San Francisco with Orton Campbell."
"Orton Campbell in the city?" exclaimed Dewey, apprehensively. "Had he anything to do with the disappearance of Miss Douglas?"
"Everything, sir; but I can't tell you about it in the street. I will go with you to your hotel."
"Tell me on the way," said Richard Dewey. "First, has any harm befallen Florence--Miss Douglas?"
"None as yet."
"Is any threatened?"
"The loss of her liberty; but I will help you to thwart Orton Campbell."
Jones told the story, which need not be repeated here, as it is already known to the reader. He had difficulty in restraining Mr. Dewey from starting out instantly to the rescue of the young lady, but on his representing that she was safe, and that it would be soon enough to go out in the morning, Richard Dewey yielded.
A little before eight o'clock, Jones, driving the same carriage in which he had conveyed Florence to her place of captivity, halted in front of Mrs. Bradshaw's dwelling.
"Remain in the carriage, Mr. Dewey," he said, "and I will see if I can't secure the young lady without any fuss."
"Won't it be better for me to accompany you?"
"I think not, sir. Mrs. Bradshaw knows I am the one who brought Miss Douglas here, and she will think it is all right. Stay!" he continued, with a sudden thought. "I have an idea. Mr. Campbell told Mrs. Bradshaw that the young lady was insane. I will make her think that you are the doctor from the asylum come to take Miss Douglas back with you."
"Did Orton Campbell really intend such an outrage?" asked Richard Dewey, in a tone of horror.
"Yes, if Miss Douglas wouldn't consent to marry him."
"Go, then, and lose no time."
Jones knocked at the door, which was opened by Mrs. Bradshaw in person. She naturally regarded Jones with surprise, not anticipating so early a call.
"How is Miss Douglas?" he asked.
"Very contrary," answered the landlady. "I can't get her to eat. It's my belief she means to starve herself."
"It's a crazy freak," said Jones, shrugging his shoulders. "Well, I've come to take her away."
"To take her away--so soon?" asked Mrs. Bradshaw, in surprise.
"Yes, Mr. Orton thought it best."
"Is he with you?"
"I think I see some one in the carriage."
"To be sure. It's the mad doctor from the asylum. Don't let Miss Douglas know it," continued Jones, lowering his voice, "or she wouldn't consent to go with us."
"I see," answered the landlady, nodding. "Do you want to go up now?"
"Yes; let me see her alone, so that I can tell her a story which will quiet her suspicions."
"Mr. Campbell hasn't paid me all he promised yet," said Mrs. Bradshaw, rather uneasily.
"Oh, that's all right," said Jones. "He never forgets his promise--and seldom keeps it," he said to himself.
Florence was sitting on the lounge in her room in rather a despondent state of mind when the door opened, and she looked up, expecting to see Orton Campbell.
Jones closed the door behind him, and then, putting his hand over his lips, said, "Miss Douglas, I bring you good news."
"Are you not the man who brought me out here yesterday?"
"The same one."
"Then how have you the face to show yourself in my presence?"
"Because I am come to free you from your imprisonment."
Florence started to her feet in some excitement. "If this were true!" she exclaimed. "But no; you are an agent of Orton Campbell, and this is some new trick of his."
"I was an agent of Orton Campbell, but he deceived me, and I am his enemy."
"Is he with you?" asked Florence, suspiciously.
"No; but in the carriage outside is one whom you will be glad to meet."
"Who is it?"
"Richard Dewey."
"You brought me a note from him which he never wrote. How do you expect me to believe you now?"
"If he is not there, don't get into the carriage. Not a word to Mrs. Bradshaw. She is in the employ of Mr. Campbell, who represented you as insane, and I told her that Mr. Dewey, whom I did not dare to bring in, was a doctor from the insane asylum."
"Are you sure you are not deceiving me?" said Florence, earnestly.
"I am on the square, miss, but you can easily convince yourself by coming down stairs. If you prefer to remain here till nine o'clock, when Orton Campbell will be here, you can do so."
"No, no! anything better than that!"
Mrs. Bradshaw watched the exit of her guest with a peculiar look. "She little knows where she's going," thought the woman. "Well, if she's crazy, it's the best place for her."
As may easily be imagined, there was scant leave-taking. Florence was eager to leave this shabby cabin, where she had passed a night of anxious solicitude.
She approached the carriage, and Jones opened the door. She looked in, and saw Dewey, who said in a low voice, "Get in at once, Florence, but keep silent till we are on our way."
An expression of joy came over her face as she saw this most convincing proof of her driver's good faith. He mounted the box and drove rapidly off.
On their way back to San Francisco the two who had been so long separated had ample time to compare notes and form plans for the future.
"Florence," said Richard Dewey, "after this treachery of Orton Campbell there is but one way of safety for you."
"And what is that?"
"Let me become your legal protector, and at once. When we are married your guardian will be powerless. He will have me to deal with then, not a defenceless girl."
"But, Richard, this seems so sudden!"
"It ought not to, Florence. Have we not waited for each other long enough? Have we not been separated long enough? I am not much richer than when I left you--not so rich," he added, smiling, "as your other suitor, Orton Campbell."
"I will marry you if only to get rid of him, Richard," said Florence, impetuously.
"I won't quarrel with your motives, since you consent."
So it happened that on their arrival in San Francisco they directed Jones to drive to the house of a clergyman, and were speedily united in marriage, the clergyman's wife and daughter being witnesses. Circumstances compelled them to dispense with the usual "cards and cake."
At nine o'clock, Orton Campbell, secure of his prey, drove up to Mrs. Bradshaw's door and leisurely descended.
"Well, and how is Miss Douglas this morning?" he asked of the astonished landlady.
"How is she? She's gone."
"What!" ejaculated Orton, furiously; "you have dared to let her escape?"
"You sent for her yourself. She went away with the mad doctor."
"'The mad doctor'? I don't know anything about any mad doctor. Woman, you are deceiving me."
"Don't call me woman!" said Mrs. Bradshaw, offensively, putting her arms akimbo. "I'm no more a woman than you are."
"Then you'd better dress differently," sneered Campbell. "Tell me what all this means."
"The man that drove the lady out here yesterday came here more than an hour ago and said you had sent for her. He said there was a doctor in the carriage who would take her to the asylum. That corresponded with what you told me, and I let her go."
"That scoundrel Jones!" exclaimed Orton Campbell. "So this is his revenge? I must go back to the city at once and circumvent him if I can."
He was about to go when Mrs. Bradshaw said, "Before you go you'd better pay me what you promised."
"I won't pay you a cent," said Campbell, angrily.
The word spoken by the woman brought a rough-looking man to the carriage-door.
"This man says he won't pay me a cent, Jack," said Mrs. Bradshaw.
"You'd better reconsider that, stranger," said Jack, pulling out a revolver and fingering it significantly.
"I owe her nothing," said Orton Campbell, surveying the revolver uneasily. "If she had kept the young lady here, it would have been different."
"If there's a trick been played on you, my wife ain't goin' to suffer by it. She's earned the money, stranger, and I'll give you just two minutes to pay it over."
Orton Campbell read something in the man's face that convinced him he was not to be trifled with. With many an inward groan he drew out one hundred dollars from his purse and handed it over.
"That's all right, stranger," said Jack, coolly. "I thought you'd be reasonable. Short reckonings make long friends."
With a muttered imprecation Orton Campbell sharply ordered his driver to turn the horses' heads toward San Francisco and make his way there as quickly as possible. His thoughts were by no means pleasant company. He had just been forced to pay out a considerable sum without value received, and was beginning to think the sum paid to Jones also money thrown away.
Sorry, no summary available yet.


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John Glenn Boys' Basketball Boosters Meeting
The John Glenn boys' basketball boosters will be holding a mandatory parents meeting for players in grade 7 -12 on Wednesday, Jan. 15 at 7 p.m. in the high school cafeteria.
Riverside Snowball Softball Classic
The annual Riverside Snowball Softball Classic is slated on Saturday, Jan. 18 at Riverside Park in Zanesville. Registration is $150 per team, with the deadline to enter Jan. 15. Awards for the round-robin tournament will be presented to the to four teams, with the winning team also receiving hooded championship sweatshirts. To enter, contact tournament director Rick Wagner at 255-6325.
John Glenn Cheer Clinic
The John Glenn High School Cheer Clinic is Wednesday, Jan. 22 from 5:30-7:30 p.m. at the high school. The cost is $20 and includes clinic instruction, a T-shirt, and admission to the home varsity football game on Jan. 24 against Crooksville. Participants are encouraged to preregister by mail. Registration that day will be available beginning at 5 p.m. Please contact Lindsay Abbott at (740) 826-7641 with any questions.
OU Eastern Co-Ed Volleyball Tournament
The Ohio University Eastern Lady Panthers' volleyball team will host a winter co-ed tournament fundraiser on January 25-26. All proceeds go to the Panthers program and local high school sports teams working the tournament. Saturday is filled but due to extra teams wishing to play we will be holding a tournament on Sunday the 26th as well starting at 9 a.m. Format will be two pools of 4-5 teams. Playoffs will be best out of three games. Net will be men's height. The cost is $20 per player, team size is unlimited, and three females must remain on the court at all times. For more information, contact Lindsay Piccolini at 740-579-1767 or email@example.com for registration.
Belmont Table Tennis Club Spring Fling
The Belmont Table Tennis Club is hosting an unsanctioned Spring Fling on Saturday, Feb. 1 at the Belmont Elementary School, 321 3rd St. in Belmont. The club opens at 9 a.m. A Division competition begins at 10 a.m. The B Division begins at 1 p.m. The Sand Paper Division begins at 2 p.m. Trophies will be awarded to first and second place in each division. The Barnesville High School Culinary Arts Program will be serving lunch. The entry deadline is Jan. 29. The entry fee is $20 per event, with the cost of the 2 p.m. novice tournament $10. Entry forms are available by contacting tournament director Jon Thornton at (740) 296-4437. The Belmont Table Tennis Club is open to the public on Sundays at 5:30 p.m. and Thursday at 6:30 p.m.
John Glenn Track Daddy-Daughter Dance
The John Glenn High Track Boosters will sponsor a Daddy-Daughter Dance on Saturday, Feb. 8 from 7-9 p.m. at the high school. The cost is $15 for dad and daughter and $5 for an additional daughter and it includes a corsage for the daughter and a keepsake photo ($20 after Feb. 5).
Grade School Tournament at Union Local
The Union Local boys basketball program will host a youth basketball tournament for fourth, fifth and sixth grade boys Feb. 8-9. Games will be played in the high school and middle school gyms in Morristown. The tournament is limited to eight teams in each division and pool play guarantees each team three games. The entry fee is $135 per team, discounted to $115 if it is received by Jan. 10. Individual trophies will be awarded to members of the first, second and third place teams (limit 12 trophies per team). Contact Todd Kildow at (740) 359-3348 for more information; or, email firstname.lastname@example.com.
Cambridge Youth Basketball Tournament
The Cambridge Youth Basketball League will host its annual boys basketball tournament Feb. 7-9. This school team only tournament will have a third, fourth, fifth and sixth grade division. The cost is $125 per team and the tourney is double-elimination. A total of 14 counties in Ohio and West Virginia were represented in 2013 and an even larger field is expected this year. Please forward payment to: Cambridge Youth Basketball c/o John Valentine, 59400 Country Club Road, Byesville, OH 43723, or contact Valentine for more information at 740-260-6699 or firstname.lastname@example.com.
5K Run/Walk in Lore City
The will be a 5K Winter Run/Walk in Lore City on Saturday, Feb. 8 at 8:30 a.m. The event, primarily along the Great Guernsey Trail, is open to all ages and there will be overall and age group awards. All participants will receive long-sleeve shirts and post-race food. The first 100 to register will also receive a fleece headband. The cost is $20. For information or to register, call Mike Neff at 260-8086 or go to https://sites.google.com/site/icyorflaky/.
CASA Hoops for Kids Basketball Challenge
The Guernsey County Court Appointed Special Advocates (CASA) Program is sponsoring its eighth annual "CASA Hoops for Kids" Basketball Challenge for area boys and girls in grades 4-6. The double-elimination tournament will take place on Feb. 22-23 at Cambridge Middle School and Cambridge High School. The entry fee is $150 for each team (due by Feb. 3), and each child that participates will receive a T-shirt. There will also be trophies distributed to the first and second place winners in each category. For more information and registration, call Kathy Walters at the Guernsey County CASA office at (740) 439-5697 or (740) 680-4272.
OVAC Seeks Venue Photographs for Museum
The Ohio Valley Athletic Conference is looking for pictures to display in the OVAC Sports Museum located in WesBanco Arena in Wheeling. In particular, photos of venues that still exist or no longer exist are requested: football stadiums, basketball courts, baseball/softball fields, tracks, fieldhouses, high schools. Actual venue photos are preferred, but crowd photos or game photos showing the facility can also be submitted. Pictures will be enlarged to a 20x24 photo and displayed in the museum and the original photo will be returned to the owner. Photos can be mailed to the OVAC Office, 64962 Breezy Point Lane, Bellaire, OH 43906. For more information, contact firstname.lastname@example.com.
Cy Young Travel Baseball Looking For Players
Cy Young Travel Baseball is still looking for a few players for the 2014 summer season. Cy Young Travel Baseball will field teams in the 11-Under, 12-Under, 13-Under and 15-Under age divisions next year. Cy Young Travel baseball is a sanctioned member of Nations Baseball and plays highly competitive schedule and competes in high profile tournaments to give its players exposure to college and professional coaches and scouts. For more information or to schedule an individual tryout visit the website at www.cyyoungtravelbaseball.net and fill out the Contact Form located on the left side of the Home Page or call Director Kevin Sutton at 330-806-5692 or via e-mail at email@example.com or Steve Brode at 330-340-2229 or Mike Patterson at 740-502-8214.
Twisted Sisters Fastpitch Looking for Players
Twisted Sisters Fastpitch, based in Newcomerstown is looking for a few more players to complete the 10U, 12U, and 14U rosters for the 2014 softball tournament season. For more information and to schedule a private tryout, contact Mike Hinton @ 740-498-5711 or e-mail email@example.com


text: Oli - Unregistered August 06, 2010 12:40 PM Seems strange and needless. I can't imagine Herr Weber is short of a bob or two, having negotiated hundreds of millions of dollars for MS over the last 20 years. Ah well, at least a charity gained some funds from it. Oli 7 agree 0 disagree


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Gov. Jerry Brown discusses the cuts he has already made to help reduce the state's budget deficit from nearly $20 billion last year to a gap of about $9.2 billion as he unveiled his proposed $92.5 billion 2012-13 state budget at a Capitol news conference in Sacramento, Calif., Thursday, Jan. 5, 2012. California faces a smaller budget deficit in the coming fiscal year but will require nearly $5 billion in cuts to public education if voters reject Brown's plan to raise taxes in the fall.(AP Photo/Rich Pedroncelli)
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ROME (Mar. 30)
Marshal Tito of Yugoslavia referred to the Middle East situation during an audience with Pope Paul VI yesterday, it was reported today. Tito reportedly told the Pontiff that he considered the present Middle East crisis dangerous and that Yugoslavia was trying to help in the search for a peaceful settlement "so that the consequences of the war of aggression of June, 1967 can be eliminated and so that all people and countries of that region can live in peace and security." According to sources, Tito presented a strong case for the Arab cause.


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David Adolf Ph.D.
University of Leeds Department of Physics and AstronomyCurrent Research Interests
Segmental Polymer Dynamics:
Local polymer dynamics on the length scale of a few repeat units are a composite of processes including bond length oscillations, valence angle flexing in addition to the activity of dihedral angles and are therefore highly influenced by the chemical representation of the repeat unit. Illustrations attesting to the importance of information on the segmental level within polymer viscoelasticity can be found in several well-known theories and observations of macromolecular rheology. The importance of these motions is felt to become more pronounced as a polymer is quenched through its glass transition temperature. The drastic reduction of free volume accompanying this transition freezes out longer length scale relaxations leaving those occurring on "short" length scales in the spotlight and hence an important ingredient in the mechanical properties of the glass.
Our ongoing work monitors local polymer dynamics within dilute and concentrated solutions in addition to miscible blends. Current computational efforts are focussing on NVE, NVT, and NPT molecular dynamics simulations of local polymer dynamics with current experimental efforts monitoring segmental dynamics under pressures of up to 3000 atmospheres using time-resolved optical spectroscopy
Members of group performing this work. Dr. Andrey Kirpach
Dendrimers and Hyperbranched Molecules:
Macromolecular architecture has received considerable interest as the search for polymeric materials with new properties intensifies. One such class of materials are dendrimers. A specific example of these tree-like structures are built from AB2 monomers where each B-group may be connected to an A-group of another monomer with monomers of inner generations being fully branched. One of the interesting properties of dendrimers is that log-log plots of a dendrimer's intrinsic viscosity, IV, versus molecular weight increases until, at a critical generation, a maximum is observed followed by a steady fall in IV. In contrast to dendrimers, linear polymers obey the Mark-Houwink equation indicating a steady increase of IV with increasing molecular weight. The strategy for synthesizing dendrimers includes several protection and deprotection steps making the synthesis both expensive and time consuming. A hyperbranched polymer (HP) is synthesized in a much more economical one-pot reaction and the question arises as to the extent to which these materials illustrate dendrimer-like properties.
Current computational efforts are using Molecular and Brownian dynamics techniques to simulate the conformational and rheological properties of these materials under shear and elongational flows.
Members of group performing this work. Dr. Igor Neelov and Mr. Phil Drew
By this Researcher
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