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Table Of Contents
Cisco Application Extension Platform 1.5 Advanced Features Guide
Obtaining the Unrestricted Shell Add-on Package
Obtaining Unrestricted Shell Access
Packaging Tool (Non-interactive): Example
Specifying a Capabilities Category in the Development Authorization File
Capabilities Configuration File
@CCAPABILITIES: Context Capabilities
@BCAPABILITIES: System Capabilities
@MODULES: Loadable Kernel Modules
Loadable Kernel Module Support
Third Party Loadable Kernel Modules
LKM Verification and Troubleshooting
How to Build a Third Party LKM
Troubleshooting the Build of a Third Party LKM
Building Additional Kernel Modules
Cisco AXP Commands for Advanced Features
Cisco Application Extension Platform 1.5 Advanced Features Guide
This guide explains the advanced features of Cisco AXP for developers.
Use this document with other Cisco AXP documentation found in the "Support" section at: http://www.cisco.com/en/US/products/ps9701/index.htmlRevised: 10/12/10, OL-21478-01
•Loadable Kernel Module Support
•Cisco AXP Commands for Advanced Features
Unrestricted Shell Access
The unrestricted shell, available using Cisco AXP 1.1 and higher versions, allows root access for debugging, monitoring CPU usage, or obtaining virtual memory statistics.
To obtain unrestricted shell access for your application:
1. Obtain the required software package from Cisco Developer Support, and perform the steps in the "Obtaining the Unrestricted Shell Add-on Package" section.
2. Install the add-on package by performing the steps in the "Obtaining Unrestricted Shell Access" section.
3. Install your application on the application service module.
To remove the debug shell add-on package, one option is to use the command software install clean to reinstall the Cisco AXP host OS package, and then reinstall all other required packages. For further details on these commands, see the Cisco AXP (1.1) Command Reference and the Release Notes for Cisco AXP.
Obtaining the Unrestricted Shell Add-on Package
To obtain unrestricted shell access, the debug shell add-on package obtained from Cisco Developer Support must be installed on top of AXP.
To obtain the debug shell package:
Step 1 Contact your Cisco AXP representative to apply for unrestricted shell access for a number of hardware application service modules or VMware system.
Step 2 If Cisco AXP marketing sends their approval for unrestricted shell access, you must sign a contract stating that you will not deploy or sell any hardware that includes the add-on package.
Step 3 Retrieve UDIs using the show license udi command (in Cisco AXP EXEC mode).show license udi: Example
In this example, the command is run on VMware.show license udiPID SN UDI---------------------------------------------------VME_APPRE-K9 -- 00:11:22:33:44:55
Step 4 Contact Cisco Developer Support and send a file that lists the UDIs of the hardware requiring access.
Step 5 Cisco Developer Support checks the list of UDIs you provide and sends you the debug shell add-on package contained in two files: axp-dbgshell.<vendorcompany>.<version>.prt1 (payload) and axp-dbgshell.<vendorcompany>.<version>.pkg.
Note You cannot modify the debug shell add-on package provided by Cisco Developer Support.
Obtaining Unrestricted Shell Access
To obtain unrestricted shell access:
Step 1 Install the debug shell add-on package onto the application service module using the software install package command.
Step 2 After installing the debug shell add-on package, use the show software versions detail or the
show tech-support command in Cisco AXP EXEC mode to verify that the debug shell package has successfully installed.
Verifying Debug Package Installation: Example
In this example the following output is displayed after you enter show software versions detail:Name: Debug Shell built for <Customer Name> (1.5)Desc: Debug shell - not for use on production systemsid: 8c7ea828-82ad-455f-b8a8-9dd965ce4d1bType: (plug-in)
Step 3 To verify root access, enter the debug shell command (in Cisco AXP EXEC mode):
•If the command is successful, you see a bash shell allowing root access and a message containing the following phrase is logged to messages.log:INFO AXP_debug_shell shll exec Debug shell access has been granted
•If the command is unsuccessful, a message containing the following phrase is logged to messages.log:ERROR AXP_debug_shell shll exec Debug shell access has been denied
Step 4 (Optional) To verify any attempted access or use of the unrestricted shell by a user, search the messages.log file for entries containing "debug shell" using the show log name command. For example:
show log name messages.log | include debug_shell
Capabilities allow the following additional functions to be enabled for an application.
•Accessing the /dev and /proc file systems
•Installing an LKM
•Functions to access the host OS with root-level privileges: POSIX capabilities
If an application has permission to a category it can access and configure all capabilities belonging to category.
To obtain permissions to a capabilities category, contact Cisco Developer Services. See the "Specifying a Capabilities Category in the Development Authorization File" section for further details. The development authorization file/bundle controls capabilities permissions.
You can use capabilities defined in the capabilities configuration file to relax certain restrictions in a virtual instance. Use a single host-level capability or kernel-level capability with one application in the system.
Note If more than one application is installed and they modify the same shared resources, we do not provide any arbitration to resolve the conflict. There is no guarantee of the order of processing, or error reporting.
There are three categories of capabilities:
•Guest-level capabilities—only affect the virtual instance.
•Host-level capabilities—affect the whole system.
•Kernel-level capabilities—used for installing third-party LKMs, see the "Third Party Loadable Kernel Modules" section.
Note Capabilities that are included with an add-on application are ignored.
If you have permissions for a capability category, you can turn on any of the capabilities within that category. If you add a new capability to a category, the capability can be accessed by any existing applications that already have access to that category. This saves you from having to repackage a new development authorization file with your application.
During packaging of your application, specify the capabilities configuration file using parameter "cap-config".
Note Network context flags (nflags) are not supported by Cisco AXP.
The following sections describe the capabilities configuration file, and the development authorization file as it relates to capabilities.
•Packaging Tool (Non-interactive): Example
•Specifying a Capabilities Category in the Development Authorization File
•Capabilities Configuration File
Packaging Tool (Non-interactive): Example
The following example shows how to specify the capabilities configuration file during packaging. To do this, the packaging tool pkg_build.sh is called in non-interactive mode.
The last argument in the call of pkg_build.sh is
cap-config, which references the capabilities configuration file /capabilities.cfg. The capabilities configuration file is at the same level as the project source directory or file post-install.sh../pkg_build.sh --project-dir '/wsa/proj-cap' --dev-cert '/wsa/auth/cert/dev_certificate.sig' --dev-auth '/wsa/auth/cert/dev_authorization.sig' --private-key '/wsa/auth/cert/private.key' --name 'capdev' --version '1' --source-dir '/wsa/captest/bin/' --disk-limit '100M' --memory-limit '50M' --cpu-limit '1000' --postinstall '/post-install.sh' --cap-config '/capabilities.cfg'
Specifying a Capabilities Category in the Development Authorization File
The development authorization file contains attributes to control the capabilities categories that are turned on/off. If a capability category is turned on, you can access the capabilities in the category. The attributes are: guest_admin, host_admin, and kernel_admin.
To obtain permission to a capabilities category for an application package, perform the following steps.
Step 1 Contact Cisco Developer Support and obtain a development authorization file that grants permission to use a capabilities category.
Step 2 Create a configuration file that specifies the capabilities to be turned on. See the "Capabilities Configuration File" section.
Step 3 Package the configuration file along with the development authorization file using the packaging tool
pkg_build.sh. For example, include the parameter
--cap-config '/capabilities_file'
Step 4 Install the application package. The application access now has access to capabilities specified in the capabilities configuration file.
If your application is being repackaged as part of an upgrade and previously contained an older configuration file, permission to access old (previously granted) capabilities are removed and permission to access new capabilities are added. Therefore, before running the application, make sure that application commands using old capabilities are removed or blocked.
Capabilities Configuration File
Different capabilities are listed in sections of the capabilities configuration file. Each section begins with the "@" symbol.
Capabilities Configuration File: Example
The CCAPABILITIES section is the first section in this example configuration file, shown using the command cat. CCAPABILITIES are context capabilities. The module ip_tables.ko is a Cisco LKM, and module /mypath/to/module/my.ko is the name of the third-party LKM.$ cat capabilities_file@CCAPABILITIES=UTSNAMERLIMITRAW_ICMPSYSLOGSECURE_MOUNT@FLAGS=FAKEINITVIRT_MEMVIRT_UPTIMEVIRT_CPU@BCAPABILITIES=SYS_NICENET_ADMINSYS_TIMEMKNODSYS_MODULESYS_ADMINSYS_CHROOT@DEVFS=/dev/loop0 b 7 0/dev/loop1 b 7 1/dev/loop2 b 7 2/dev/null c 1 3/dev/myown b 2 2@PROCFS=/proc/bus//proc/sys/vm/overcommit_memory 0/proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward 0@MODULES=ip_tables.koiptable_filter.ko/mypath/to/module/my.ko
The capabilities in the configuration file are explained in the following sections:
•@CCAPABILITIES: Context Capabilities
•@BCAPABILITIES: System Capabilities
•@MODULES: Loadable Kernel Modules
Note Network context flags (nflags) are not supported.
@CCAPABILITIES: Context Capabilities
Context capabilities (ccaps) are guest-level capabilities, which apply to all processes within a virtual instance. One capability is defined per entry in the capabilities configuration file.
For a list of supported context capabilities, see Table 1.
Note: The following ccaps are not supported by Cisco AXP:
Table 1 @CCAPABILITIES: Context Capabilities
Bit Mask Name Description
Allow setdomainname(2) and sethostname(2)
Allow setrlimit(2)
Allow usage of raw ICMP sockets
Allow syslog(2)
Allow secure mount(2)
Allow secure remount
Allow binary/network mounts
Allow quota ioctls
@FLAGS: Context Flags
Context flags (cflags) apply to all processes within a virtual instance.
For a list of supported context flags, see Table 2.
Note: The following cflags are not supported in Cisco AXP:
Table 2 @FLAGS: Context Flags
Bit Mask Name Tag Description
Prohibit further context migration
Apply process limits to context
Context cannot be entered
Show a fake init process
Hide context information in task status
Apply ulimits to context
Use private namespace
Virtualize memory information
Virtualize uptime information
Virtualize cpu usage information
Virtualize load average information
Hide entries in /proc/$pid/mounts
Hide foreign network interfaces
Enable setup state
Enable init state
Block fork when RSS limit is exceeded
Allow context to create new contexts
Ignore priority raise
@BCAPABILITIES: System Capabilities
System capabilities (bcaps) apply to all virtual instances in Cisco AXP.
For a list of system capabilities supported in Cisco AXP, see Table 3.
Note The following system capabilities are not supported by Cisco AXP: SYS_MODULE, SYS_CHROOT, SYS_ADMIN, and MKNOD.
Table 3 @BCAPABILITIES: System Capabilities
Bit Mask Name Description
In a system with the [_POSIX_CHOWN_RESTRICTED] option defined, this overrides the restriction of changing file ownership and group ownership.
Override all DAC access, including ACL execute access if [_POSIX_ACL] is defined. Excludes DAC access covered by CAP_LINUX_IMMUTABLE.
Overrides all DAC restrictions regarding read and search on files and directories, including ACL restrictions if [_POSIX_ACL] is defined. Excludes DAC access covered by CAP_LINUX_IMMUTABLE.
Overrides all restrictions about allowed operations on files, where file owner ID must be equal to the user ID, except where CAP_FSETID is applicable. It does not override MAC and DAC restrictions.
Overrides the following restrictions that the effective user ID must match the file owner ID when setting the S_ISUID and S_ISGID bits on that file; that the effective group ID (or one of the supplementary group IDs) must match the file owner ID when setting the S_ISGID bit on that file; that the S_ISUID and S_ISGID bits are cleared on successful return from chown(2) (not implemented).
Overrides the restriction that the real or effective user ID of a process sending a signal must match the real or effective user ID of the process receiving the signal.
Allows setgid(2) manipulation.
Allows setgroups(2).
Allows forged gids on socket credentials passing.
Allows set*uid(2) manipulation (including fsuid).
Allows forged pids on socket credentials passing.
Transfer any capability in your permitted set to any pid, remove any capability in your permitted set from any pid.
Allow modification of S_IMMUTABLE and S_APPEND file attributes.
Allows binding to TCP/UDP sockets below 1024.
Allows binding to ATM VCIs below 32.
Allow broadcasting, listen to multicast.
Note: For further information on this capability, refert to the "NET_ADMIN Capability" section.
Allow interface configuration.
Allow administration of IP firewall, masquerading and accounting.
Allow setting debug option on sockets.
Allow modification of routing tables.
Allow setting arbitrary process / process group ownership on sockets.
Allow binding to any address for transparent proxying.
Allow setting TOS (type of service).
Allow setting promiscuous mode.
Allow clearing driver statistics.
Allow multicasting.
Allow read/write of device-specific registers.
Allow activation of ATM control sockets.
Allow use of RAW sockets.
Allow use of PACKET sockets.
Allow locking of shared memory segments.
Allow mlock and mlockall (which doesn't really have anything to do with IPC).
Override IPC ownership checks.
Allow ioperm/iopl access.
Allow sending USB messages to any device via /proc/bus/usb.
Allow ptrace() of any process.
Allow configuration of process accounting.
Allow use of reboot().
Allow raising priority and setting priority on other (different UID) processes.
Allow use of FIFO and round-robin (realtime) scheduling on own processes and setting the scheduling algorithm used by another process.
Allow setting cpu affinity on other processes.
Override resource limits. Set resource limits.
Override quota limits.
Override reserved space on ext2 file system.
Modify data journaling mode on ext3 file system (uses journaling resources).
Note ext2 honors fsuid when checking for resource overrides, so you can override using fsuid too.
Override size restrictions on IPC message queues.
Allow more than 64hz interrupts from the real-time clock.
Override max number of consoles on console allocation.
Override max number of keymaps.
Allow manipulation of system clock.
Allow irix_stime on mips.
Allow setting the real-time clock.
Allow configuration of tty devices.
Allow vhangup() of tty.
Allow taking of leases on files.
NET_ADMIN Capability
The NET_ADMIN capability allows:
•the removal of restrictions on network administration from the guest OS application, such as creating interfaces
•the management of networking operations as if on the host OS
Refer to the "NET_ADMIN Capabilities List" section. This shows a BCAPABILITY of NET_ADMIN, and flag CISCO_ADVANCED_NET_ADMIN.
Note If CISCO_ADVANCED_NET_ADMIN is enabled, then managing networking operations is only done using the application (through the console/linux shell). Entering AXP commands (such as "bind interface") via the CLI is not supported.
Note When running an application in a virtual instance, do not change the IP address of interface eth0.
Interface eth0 must be configured from the Cisco IOS router, not from the application.
NET_ADMIN Capabilities List@CISCO_FLAGS=CISCO_ADVANCED_NET_ADMIN@BCAPABILITIES=NET_ADMIN@MODULES=tun.ko
@DEVFS: devfs
The @DEVFS section of the capabilities configuration file contains entries for each device node in the /dev file system. Data in each device node is written at packaging time.
Each devfs entry consists of the following four attributes, separated by a single space character:<device name> <device type> <major number> <minor number>Each attribute is described in Table 4.
Table 4 devfs attributes
/dev file system attribute Example Description
<device name>
Identifies the device driver.
<device type>
b (block): system moves data in blocks.
c (character): system moves data in characters.
<major number>
Determines handling of subdevices by the device driver.
<minor number>
Determines handling of subdevices by the device driver.
In the following example, /dev/loop0 is a loopback disk device.@DEVFS=/dev/loop0 b 7 0/dev/loop1 b 7 1...
The /dev file must exist at the specified location at installation time. Errors are logged to /var/log/messages.log.
@PROCFS: procfs
The @PROCFS section of the capabilities configuration file contains /proc file system entries. Each entry represents a directory that can be unhidden at runtime and viewed by an application in a virtual instance. Applications can make changes to writable entries in the /proc file system, typically in the /proc/sys directory.
This host-level capability is exposed to the guest OS, and visible in all virtual instances. For detailed information of the available /proc file system entries, contact Cisco Developer Support.
Each entry in @PROCFS section of the capabilities configuration file may use * (the wildcard character) for pattern matching.
Each entry in the configuration file starts with "/proc/".
If an entry contains a pathname ending in "/", files underneath are unhidden recursively. For example, the "/proc/bus/" entry in the @PROCFS example below means that files in sub-directories such as /proc/bus/a /proc/bus/b are unhidden.
Example@PROCFS=/proc/vmstat/proc/bus//proc/sys/overcommit_memory 2...
If an entry ends in *, this indicates that all directories on the same level are unhidden. For example, /proc/bus* indicates with names such as /proc/busa or /proc/busb.
Each valid /proc entry is added to the virtual instance.
Upgrading an application to expose the /proc file system follows the rules outlined in the "Unrestricted Shell Access" section of the Cisco Application eXtension Platform Developer Guide.
Contact Cisco Developer Services to ask if a particular /proc file system entry is supported.
Modifying a /proc Entry
Each writable /proc entry may have an optional second parameter that specifies a value. The value is separated from the rest of the entry by a single space character. There is no arbitration of conflicts arising from different virtual instances writing to the same /proc entry.
In the following example the value of 2 modifies the /proc entry, and any errors are logged to /var/log/messages.log. The existence of /proc/sys/overcommit_memory is not checked, and the value of "2"is not checked./proc/sys/overcommit_memory 2
Note If an application exposes a /proc file system, the file system is visible to any application in all virtual instances.
@MODULES: Loadable Kernel Modules
The @MODULES section of the capabilities configuration file lists the loadable kernel modules (full pathname), to be installed, in order. If just the value of ".ko" is supplied (without no pathname), then the module is treated as a Cisco-provided kernel module.
Example@MODULES=/mypath/to/module/my.ko ? third-party module/mypath/to/module2/my2.ko ? third-party moduleip_tables.ko ? Cisco provided ko/mypath/to/module3/my3.ko ? third-party module
A third-party kernel module entry includes the full path name of the module. (Symbolic links or soft links to module names are not supported.)
For non-Cisco provided modules, the full pathname must indicate the location of the module. The path must be absolute (non-relative).
During installation, no checks are performed. However, on system boot up, all the modules are added, and any errors are logged to /var/log/messages.log.
Viewing Kernel Capabilities
Use the show tech-support command in Cisco AXP application service EXEC mode to view kernel capabilities that were set up on the service module.
show tech-support: Examplese-10-0-0-0(exec-guest-application)> show tech-support | begin Capabilities------------------ Application Capabilities------------------System Capabilities:DAC_OVERRIDEDAC_READ_SEARCHFOWNERFSETIDKILLSETGIDSETUIDSETPCAPNET_ADMINContext Capabilities:UTSNAMERLIMITRAW_ICMPSYSLOGSECURE_MOUNTSECURE_REMOUNTBINARY_MOUNTQUOTA_CTLDev FS:/dev/null c 1 4/dev/mytest b 20 8/dev/loop0 b 7 0/dev/loop1 b 7 1Net Flags:Proc FS:/proc/test blah/proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward 0Kernel Modules:cisco_module.ko/mymod/capture.koThe following capabilities have errors when applied:Proc FS: /proc/test blahKernel Modules: cisco_module.koThe following capabilities have errors during installation:System Capabilities: SYS_ADMIN
Additional References
For further information on capabilities, see http://linux-vserver.org/Capabilities_and_Flags.
Loadable Kernel Module Support
Loadable kernel module (LKM) support on Cisco AXP is provided by Cisco, or a third-party.
. The following sections describe both Cisco and third-party LKMs
•LKM Verification and Troubleshooting
•How to Build a Third Party LKM
•Building Additional Kernel Modules
LKM Types
LKMs for Cisco AXP consist of the following types:
•Cisco Loadable Kernel Modules
•Third Party Loadable Kernel Modules
Cisco Loadable Kernel Modules
Cisco AXP supports Cisco-provided loadable kernel modules (Cisco LKMs). Cisco LKMs are in the Cisco AXP base image. To use the LKMs, you must first package the LKMs with your application. Your application needs to have host-level capability. Refer to the "Capabilities" section.
Specify the list of Cisco LKMs at packaging time in the @MODULES section of the capabilities configuration file.
In this example, third-party LKMs mymodule.ko and mymodule2.ko are specified in the capabilities configuration file.
List of Cisco LKMs
Third Party Loadable Kernel Modules
Loadable Kernel Modules (LKMs), which are not provided by Cisco, are known as third-party LKMs. You can package third-party LKMs with your application if the application has a kernel-level capability. Refer to the "Capabilities" section.
During packaging, specify kernel modules in the "@MODULES" section of the capabilities configuration file.
Note For third-party LKMs, the full path name to the module is required, using full pathnames relative to the root folder of the virtual instance.
In this example, third-party LKMs mymodule.ko and mymodule2.ko are specified in the capabilities configuration file.
The modules are copied to the application service module during installation. They are installed during startup after the application service module reloads. (Currently the application service module always reloads after an application is installed.)
When the system boots up, each kernel module is installed into the kernel, before the virtual instance starts. If a virtual instance is started and stopped, this does not affect any installed kernel modules.
If an application with kernel modules is uninstalled, the kernel modules are removed along with the contents of the virtual instance.
Upgrading Cisco AXPOS
If you are considering upgrading Cisco AXPOS to a higher version, determine if your kernel modules will continue to work after the new version of Cisco AXP is installed.
Installing the LKMs might fail if you have an old version of your kernel module that does not match the new version of the OS. Failures that occur during installation, are logged to the file /var/log/messages.log. If a failure occurs because of a kernel module: rebuild the kernel module using a newer version of the LKM SDK, repackage and upgrade the application.
Controlling LKMs at Runtime
If your application is packaged with a dependency on the application development package axp-app-dev.<product>.<version>.pkg and you have kernel-level capability, you can install or uninstall kernel modules with your application at runtime. In the test environment the LKMs are added or removed depending on the contents of the capabilities configuration file. This avoids having to repackage your application each time that you want to test a kernel module.
Note In the production environment, do not run applications that were packaged with the application development package. This ensures the user cannot change the capabilities that you previously setup for the application during packaging.
To add or modify an LKM at runtime, perform the following steps:
Step 1 Install your application with a dependency upon the application development package axp-app-dev.<platform>.<version>.pkg.
Step 2 Ensure the LKM filename to be added or modified is included as one of the @MODULE files listed in the capabilities configuration file. (For example, /my/path/to/module/mymodule.ko)
Step 3 app-service <application-name>
Enters application service mode.
Step 4 reset
The virtual instance resets and the new LKMs are loaded.
LKM Verification and Troubleshooting
Use the following command to verify configurations or to troubleshoot:
show tech-support | begin Capabilities
Displays logs to help determine which modules are causing errors.
Another command that may be used to verify or troubleshoot, is lsmod. To use this command, first install the RPM file for lsmod, which is modutils. The lsmod command displays the loaded kernel modules of /proc/modules.
Note The show tech-support command may show errors for modules crc32.ko or bitrev.ko if the application was previously packaged with these two modules. These errors can be ignored. The modules crc32.ko and bitrev.ko are no longer required in the capabilities configuration file because they are part of the kernel in AXP 1.5.2 or higher.
To see if third-party LKMs are affecting an error, enable safe mode. Refer to the "Safe Mode" section.
Safe Mode
Enabling safe mode on Cisco AXP prevents the system from installing third-party kernel modules at startup.
A kernel oops, introduced by a developer-provided kernel module, may send the system into a continuous crash loop. This makes the system inaccessible when the system installs all modules at bootup.
Enabling Safe Mode
To enable safe mode, perform the following step.
Step 1 When the system boots up, enter the following keystroke sequence after you see the prompt:
The message "Entering Safe Mode" appears.
The following Safe Mode Menu appears:
1) Erase startup configuration
2) Show startup configuration
3) Show messages.log
4) Do not load third-party LKMs on startup
5) Continue
Enter 1-5>
Step 2 Enter the following option number:
The following Safe Mode Menu appears again:
1) Erase startup configuration
2) Show startup configuration
3) Show messages.log
4) Do not load third-party kernel modules on startup
5) Continue
Enter 1-5>
Step 3 Enter the following option number:
The third-party LKM is disabled.
Note After entering safe mode, if you do not enter a keystroke sequence the system boots up normally after a delay of a few seconds.
How to Build a Third Party LKM
This section contains the following procedures:
•Troubleshooting the Build of a Third Party LKM
Building a Third Party LKM
Check that the shell environment is set to use bash, before executing the make tools command. (If the environment is set to csh, errors might occur.)
Make sure that the linux distribution installed on your development machine has basic development packages installed, such as gcc, and gnu make. For example, in the CentOS 5.2 linux distribution, the following minimum RPMs are required to build the LKM:
The LKM SDK has been successfully tested on Debian, Fedora, and OpenSuse based systems.
To build a third-party LKM, refer to the following two sections:
Building the SDK
To build the SDK, perform the following steps:
Step 1 Untar axp-lkm-sdk.<version>.tar.gz.
Step 2 Enter the following command in the top level directory: make tools (builds the SDK tool chain).
A gcc binary in directory
<path to sdk root>/image/gcccan be used to build a third-party LKM against the kernel supplied in the Cisco AXP SDK. The SDK kernel directory is:
<path to sdk root>/image/kernel-2.6.22/linux/include.
Note For ISM and SM service modules, you must include "PLATFORM=sme" in the make tools command. For example,
make tools PLATFORM=sme. If this parameter is not specified, a failure will result later when the kernel module is loaded.
For NME or AIM2 service modules PLATFORM does not need to be specified. The default is "PLATFORM=nme". For example,
make tools PLATFORM=nmeis equivalent to
make tools.
Note To clean up the SDK tool chain issue the make cleantools command in the top level directory.
Note For Cisco AXP 1.5.2, the LKM SDK glibc version 2.3.5 is replaced by glibc version 2.7.
glibc (2.7) supports the Native POSIX Thread Library (NPTL) and Thread Local Storage (TLS).
Building a Third Party LKM
To build an LKM against the SDK kernel, perform the following steps:
Step 1 Create a directory containing the third-party LKM source files.
Step 2 Set the environment variable PATH to use the gcc binary in directory
<path to sdk root>/image/gcc
Step 3 Create a make file used for building a third-party LKM.
Exampleobj-m += hello1_22.o--include-dir=/
<path to sdk root>/image/kernel-2.6.22/linux/includeall:make -C /
<path to sdk root>/image/kernel-2.6.22/linux M=$(PWD) ARCH=i386 modules
The second line has an
--include-dirpath that points to the SDK kernel directory:
/<path to sdk root>/image/kernel-2.6.22/linux/include
The fourth line includes the path to the "linux" directory:
/<path to sdk root>/image/kernel-2.6.22/linux
Step 4 Run the make command to build the third-party LKM.
Troubleshooting the Build of a Third Party LKM
If the LKM build fails with the error indicating that "makeinfo" is missing, but "makeinfo" is installed and included in the PATH, check that the "makeinfo" version is between 4.4 and 4.9.
makeinfo versions 4.10 and higher may have issues due to a bug in the configure script logic that incorrectly checks the version of "makeinfo". There are two workarounds for this:
1. Install a version of "makeinfo" from version 4.4 to 4.9
2. Modify the configuration script under tools/gpl/binutils-2.18/configure to allow for versions 4.10 and above. To modify the script, perform the following step:
Step 1 Refer to the line 6131 of file "tools/gpl/binutils-2.18/configure", and change the line containing "egrep" in the following section of code:# For an installed makeinfo, we require it to be from texinfo 4.4 or# higher, else we use the "missing" dummy.if ${MAKEINFO} --version \| egrep 'texinfo[^0-9]*([1-3][0-9]|4\.[4-9]|[5-9])' >/dev/null 2>&1; then:elseMAKEINFO="$MISSING makeinfo"fi
Change the "egrep" line so that the above section of code looks like this:# For an installed makeinfo, we require it to be from texinfo 4.4 or# higher, else we use the "missing" dummy.if ${MAKEINFO} --version \| egrep 'texinfo[^0-9]*([1-3][0-9]|4\.[0-9]|[0-9])' >/dev/null 2>&1; then:elseMAKEINFO="$MISSING makeinfo"Fi
Viewing LKM Support
To view LKM support details, use the show tech-support command in application service EXEC mode. show tech-support displays:
•Kernel modules to be installed by the application
•Kernel modules that were not installed, but were listed by the application—failure messages for these uninstalled modules are held in /var/log/messages.log.
Building Additional Kernel Modules
This procedure is for building additional kernel modules from kernel module source files in the Cisco AXP SDK.
To build additional LKMs to support your system hardware, perform the following steps:
Build the LKM SDK—refer to the "Building the SDK" section.
Step 1
cd <path to sdk root>/image/kernel-2.6.22/linux/
Step 2
cp .config .config.bak
Copies the ".config" file to a backup file.
Step 3 Run the make menuconfig command.
Different kernel configuration options are displayed on the screen.
Step 4 From the menu, select the additional module that you want to build.
For example, to enable driver PL2303 use the following instructions in the make menuconfig menu:
Select > Device Drivers > USB support > USB serial converter support > <M> USB serial converter support > <M> USB Prolific 2303 Single Port Serial Driver
Step 5 Select the dependent modules required for the new module.
Step 6 Click Enter to save the configuration, and exit from make menuconfig.
Determine the differences (diffs) between the new, modified ".config" file and the old ".config" file (.config.bak). The diffs may include extra configurations required to build your module. Refer to diff: Example.
Step 7 Modify the .config file to contain both the original configuration from .config.bak and include any desired configurations from the ".config" file modified in step 6. The ".config" file contains both the original configuration and any additional configuration steps that are required to build your module.
Step 8
cd <path to sdk root>/gplCore/kernel-2.6.22
Step 9 Run the make modules command to build the LKM. Refer to the make modules: Example.The newly built kernel modules are contained in directory
<path to sdk root>/image/kernel-2.6.22/linux.
These modules can be viewed as follows::cd
<path to sdk root>/image/kernel-2.6.22/linux: find -name "*.ko"./usb/serial/pl2303.ko./usb/serial/usbserial.ko:
diff: Example
In the first part of this example, the diffs are checked and the following config parameters are obtained—
<path to sdk root>/gplCore/kernel-2.6.22/app_config/axp:diff dotconfig-regular-i386-nme.old dotconfig-regular-i386-nme26a27,31> CONFIG_USB_SERIAL=m> CONFIG_USB_SERIAL_PL2303=m>
If the two parameters (
CONFIG_USB_SERIAL_PL2303=m:) are required to build your module, keep them in the ".config" file that is used when running the make modules command.
make modules: Example:cd
<path to sdk root>/gplCore/kernel-2.6.22: make modulessh
<path to sdk root>/makeinc/build_native.sh \sh -c 'PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:
<path to sdk root>//target/i586-os+fndn+app-devtest-nme/tool-chain/usr/bin \make ARCH=i386 \HOSTCC=gcc \CROSS_COMPILE=
<path to sdk root>//target/i586-os+fndn+app-devtest-nme/tool-chain/cross/bin/i686-pc-linux-gnu- \-w -C
<path to sdk root>//target/i586-os+fndn+app-devtest-nme/gplCore/kernel-2.6.22/linux modules'CHK include/linux/version.hCHK include/linux/utsrelease.hCALL scripts/checksyscalls.shBuilding modules, stage 2.MODPOST 15 modulesLD [M] drivers/usb/serial/pl2303.koLD [M] drivers/usb/serial/usbserial.ko:
Cisco AXP Commands for Advanced Features
The following command is used for configuration of Advanced Features:
debug shell
To obtain unrestricted shell access, use the debug shell command in Cisco AXP EXEC mode.
debug shell
Syntax Description
This command has no arguments.
No default behavior or values.
Command Default
Command Modes
Cisco AXP EXEC.
Command History
Usage Guidelines
Use the debug shell command for unrestricted root shell access.
Before invoking the debug shell command in Cisco AXP EXEC mode, install the debug shell add-on package after obtaining authorization from your Cisco representative.
Refer to the "Obtaining Unrestricted Shell Access" section about installing the debug shell package.
Related Commands
Command Description
show software versions
Displays the software versions.
show tech-support
Displays diagnostic information about the application environment.
Reference other Cisco AXP guides under "Support" information at: http://www.cisco.com/en/US/products/ps9701/index.html.
This product includes software developed by the OpenSSL project for use in the OpenSSL Toolkit.
For further details, see the "Notices" section of the Release Notes for Cisco Application eXtension Platform.
Cisco and the Cisco Logo are trademarks of Cisco Systems, Inc. and/or its affiliates in the U.S. and other countries. A listing of Cisco's trademarks can be found at www.cisco.com/go/trademarks. Third party trademarks mentioned are the property of their respective owners. The use of the word partner does not imply a partnership relationship between Cisco and any other company. (1005R)


text:
Author or Title search
Let's say you are interested in books by a certain author or maybe you've just heard about a movie or book and you want to check to see if EMU has those items. You can make your search more precise (which means you won't get a lot of irrelevant stuff) by telling Sadie what to look for.
You can type an author's name into Sadie either Last Name, First Name or First Name Last Name.
example... Rowling, J K or J K Rowling. Just make sure you select Author from the drop-down menu.
Generally you do not need to use initial articles when you are searching for a Title. So you wouldn't need to type "The" to search for The looming tower : Al-Qaeda and the road to 9/11.
Always start with what you know.
Do you know the title? Do a TITLE search.
Do you know the author? Do an AUTHOR search.
Looking for anything you can find on a topic?
Do a WORDS or PHRASE search.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Former Redlands East Valley High School volleyball players Johnna Fouch and Kyla Oropeza saw their NCAA Division I postseason run come to an end.
They were part of a San Diego State University team which lost to Saint Mary's College (17-25, 23-25, 25-23, 25-22, 15-12) in the first round on Thursday at the Galen Center.
Setter Fouch totaled 58 assists in her 11th double-double of the year and fourth in the past five matches. The junior standout also had 15 digs.
Fellow junior Oropeza added a pair of digs for the Aztecs (23-8), who allowed the Gaels (18-10) to launch a comeback which propelled them to the second round.
Saint Mary's played fourth-ranked and sixth-seeded host USC in the second round in late action on Friday.
The first-round effort was punctuated by a kill from Saint Mary's junior outside hitter Kristina Graven, who made good on match point.
Graven was the star of the show with a season-high 23 kills.
Graven also hit .407, and contributed a team-leading 17 digs.
This season marked the Aztecs' most accomplished run since they joined the Mountain West Conference in 1999. San Diego State won a share of the conference title along with Colorado State.
Meanwhile, All-Pac 12 member Krista Vansant, a former Redlands East Valley standout and currently at the University of Washington, had yet to rejoin her No. 13-seeded Huskies (23-6), who hosted Central Arkansas in the first round of the tournament at Hec Edmundson Pavilion.
Vansant was scheduled to be back in action following an injury to her left ankle.
Pepperdine's Alyssa Mason, also formerly of the Wildcats, had yet to see her team finish against Dayton in a Friday matchup.
In the Division II postseason, former Redlands East Valley player Danielle Newcombe, a junior outside hitter at Cal State San Bernardino, was waiting to play Arizona opponent Grand Canyon in the second round.
The third-seeded Coyotes were in Hawaii to face the Antelopes in a West Regional clash.
Cal State San Bernardino beat sixth-seeded Central Washington in five sets in the first round.
Newcombe had 12 kills for the No. 22 Coyotes.


text:
The Blue Jays sent Ricky Romero to Triple-A Buffalo on Thursday, the morning after he had lasted one-third of an inning against the Tampa Bay Rays and after the game, disagreed mildly with manager John Gibbons' decision to pull him from the game.
Staked to a 2-0 lead by Edwin Encarnacion's first-inning homer at Tropicana Field on Wednesday, Romero retired only one of seven batters faced, allowing two walks, three runs and four singles before being replaced. He made 29 pitches.
"It's his call," Romero said, when asked about the early hook. "I'm not going to sit here and question the manager. He makes those decisions. The competitor in me obviously didn't want to come out of that game."
The Jays had won three straight before the 10-4 loss on Wednesday. They finish the four-game series on Thursday, with 2012 Cy Young winners R.A. Dickey and David Price scheduled to pitch.
Last season, Romero lost confidence along with command of his pitches (9-14, 5.77 ERA, 105 walks). Toward the end of regular spring training this year, Blue Jays pitching coach Pete Walker began making minor adjustments to Romero's delivery even as Gibbons and general manager Alex Anthopoulos insisted that Romero would be a member of the starting five once the season began.
When Romero looked helpless in a minor-league outing, the club decided to make a more extensive overhaul and kept the left-hander in Dunedin as the club went north to start the regular season.
Romero returned on May 3 to pitch three strong innings before relapsing, ultimately allowing three runs in four innings in a loss to the Seattle Mariners. In tandem with making physical changes to his windup, the club had also hoped to rebuild his psyche during the extended spring.
"You consider all that stuff but I have a responsibility to 25 guys on the field," Gibbons said after Wednesday's game, explaining the early hook. He added: "We were still in the game, we'd scored two, and they were on the verge of blowing it out. I thought he was a little tentative. … It was a struggle for him. It's tough on everybody. I mean, you feel for the guy. He'll figure it out; he's got to figure it out."
With Romero (0-2, 12.46 ERA) pitching deliberately, Gibbons ordered Gonzalez to get ready in the bullpen after five Rays had come to the plate. Called up Wednesday to replace J.A. Happ, Gonzalez would allow five runs in 4-2/3 innings, including two-run homers by Longoria and Kelly Johnson. Gibbons complimented Gonzalez for the "tremendous job" of getting the Jays out of the first-inning jam – he retired the bottom two hitters of the Tampa order – yet the Jays also designated him for assignment on Wednesday.
The two spots are being filled with Ramon Ortiz, 39, and Mickey Storey, 27, both called up from Buffalo.
Ortiz, who will to start Friday's game in Boston, made one appearance for the Jays on April 17, allowing two runs in 3-2/3 innings. Storey (0-1, 3.93) pitched for Houston last year.
Brandon Morrow is now pushed to Sunday - he tweaked his back throwing in the bullpen.
Gibbons said the Romero decision was made immediately after Wednesday's game, although he later told reporters that Romero would take his next start. Romero appeared to be aiming the ball at times on Wednesday, perhaps thinking about his mechanics rather than pitching freely and easily.
"I said last night he's a little tentative and you can't be that way up here," Gibbons said Thursday, during a pre-game session with reporters. "Let him go down, pitch some games, and we'll see what happens."
Pitching coach Pete Walker said it's "easy to say now" that the club brought Romero up prematurely, after only one Single-A game, but added all the reports they had received were favourable. He thought Romero's delivery and location of his pitches had improved.
"Our situation up here was a tough one with the need [for a reliable starter]," Walker said. "Everybody felt that he was ready to come up and do what he needed to do. It just didn't work out right now but I do see him coming back very soon. I don't think he's very far off at all and it could be a quick turnaround.
Gibbons expressed little confidence after Wednesday's game in Romero's ability to get out of the first-inning pickle. Romero thought the numbers looked worse than the actual performance, said he felt good mechanically and was content with the pitches he'd made, though the singles were all hit crisply.
"Obviously you're in front of a lot of people and everyone expects so much out of you – so do I," said Romero, speaking softly in the clubhouse on Wednesday. "That's what a lot of people forget sometimes. I'm a competitor, I work hard and I put so much effort into everything I've done. I don't see this as a step back."
Notes: Brett Lawrie went 0-for-5 and is now 5-for-37 as the leadoff slot. … The Jays went into the seventh behind 10-2 and Jose Bautista got thrown out at third, trying to advance on a grounder to Yunel Escobar at short. … Later in the inning, J.P. Arencibia was held up rounding third on a single, only for Encarnacion to occupy third. Arencibia came home when the throw was fumbled by catcher Jose Lobaton. … Toronto came back from seven- and three-run deficits on Monday and Tuesday, and threatened again Wednesday in the fifth with the score 6-2 against starter Matt Moore (6-0). Mark DeRosa ended the inning by fanning on a high-outside fastball, on a full count. DeRosa started at second base for the first time since May 1, 2010, when he played for San Francisco.Report Typo/Error
Follow us on Twitter: @Globe_Sports


text:
How can we make our prayer most intense?
You can make your prayer most intense by using your gratitude-heart. While you are praying, you should feel that the prayer is coming from your heart, and you have to feed the prayer with gratitude. If you do not nourish the prayer with your gratitude-heart then your prayer will not be intense. Nothing divine will be intense unless and until you are grateful to the Supreme. At every moment your gratitude-heart must feed your inner cry. This will intensify your prayer, your aspiration, your dedication and all your spiritual qualities.
When I pray, I kneel down devotedly and secretly. When I meditate, I lift up my heart soul fully and perfectly.


text:
*It took a lot of years for a Bulldog team to score their first victory in Walton Arena, in 2004. Now in the last five trips State has won three times, most recently 2011.
*State has won seven of the last ten meetings and has not lost a home game since 2000. But Arkansas leads the series still, 28-25.
The Opponent: It's still early in SEC season but tonight stacks up as a key contest for Mike Anderson's team, if they are to return Arkansas to NCAA play for the first time since 2008. The Razorbacks have a lot of work ahead to get there. They have no 'bad' losses other than maybe the 18-point defeat at Texas A&M to open SEC season. But there's only one win of real note either, a homecourt beating of Oklahoma, and a RPI that won't get a lot of help from this weak conference's competition. So expect an intense effort tonight from a team that already relies on setting a fast pace. It's not so much the points Arkansas denies, as they give up plenty. It is the cheap points they score off mistakes, forced or not…and a plus-five turnover rate shows they force them in bunches. And even if the Razorbacks don't score on a takeaway that does mean the other team isn't scoring either. The full-court, full-time tempo is practical because a whole lot 'o Hogs get to play with eleven averaging double-digit minutes. So the starting lineup doesn't mean much, at least in the backcourt, beyond who gets to break first sweat. The constant is streaky soph B.J. Young, the team's leading scorer and most exciting—if at times infuriating too—player. He's not just a scorer by the way as his assists total reminds. It's easier getting credit for an assist too when defenders come up and leave Marshawn Powell isolated with a winnable matchup. He's a 54% shooter as a result. Tall soph Hunter Mickelson helps free him up inside on offense, and at the other end blocks balls. In fact Arkansas doesn't just rely on turnovers but they have swatted 55 shots the last nine games. The roster got a December boost with activation of Fred Gulley, an Oklahoma State transfer who has started the last three league games in place of now-bench regular Mardracus Wade and Rashad Madden. There isn't just one or two three-point threats here as the outside offense is split-up with backups Anthlon Bell and Kikko Haydar rotating in too. The rebounding isn't great but then doesn't have to be this year as long as the 'Backs keep making opponents play at their preferred pace. And Arkansas hasn't lost at home to an unranked opponent since December 2009.
Latest Starting Lineups:
ARKANSAS: F Marshawn Powell, 6-7 JR, 15.2ppg, 5.6rpg, 54%fgs; F/C Hunter Mickelson, 6-10 SO, 7.2ppg, 4.5rpg, 26blks; G BJ Young, 6-3 SO, 17.2ppg, 4.4rpg, 67asts; G Rickey Scott, 6-3 jR, 4.9ppg, 2.2rpg; G Fred Gulley, 6-2 JR, 1.6ppg, 1.8rpg.
Top Reserves: G Mardracus Wade, 6-2 JR, 7.2ppg, 28stls; G Rashad Madden, 6-5 SO, 56%fgs, 4.6ppg, 2.4rpg; F Coty Clarke, 6-7 JR, 6.6ppg, 5.1rpg; G Kikko Haydar, 5-10 JR, 16 3ptrs, 52%3ptrs.
MISSISSIPPI STATE: F Colin Borchert, 6-8 JR, 6.8ppg, 4.7rpg, 23 blks; C Gavin Ware, 6-9 FR, 8.0ppg, 7.1rpg, 52%fgs, 16 blks; G Craig Sword, 6-3 FR, 9.6ppg, 3.0rpg, 28 stls; G Trivante Bloodman, 6-0 SO, 5.9ppg, 44 asts; G Jalen Steele, 6-3 JR, 11.1ppg, 3.3rpg, 39% 3ptrs
Top Backups: F Rocquez Johnson, 6-7 SO, 10.8ppg, 4.9rpg, 11 blks; G Fred Thomas, 6-5 FR, 10.3ppg, 26 3ptrs; G Tyson Cunningham, 6-3 JR, 2.5ppg, 2.8rpg.
Scoring: MSU 61.6, ARK 78.6
Scoring Defense: MSU 63.9, ARK 68.9
FG Shooting: MSU 40.8%, ARK 45.7%
FG Defense: MSU 40.9%, ARK 41.8%
3-Point Shooting: MSU 27.7%, ARK 31.3%
Rebounding: MSU 35.6, ARK 36.8
Rebound Margin: MSU -0.7, ARK -1.0
Free Throw Shooting: MSU 66.9%, ARK 68.1%
Turnovers: MSU -0.6, ARK +5.8
BULLDOG NOTES: *State has started the same squad in all four SEC outings.
*PG Trivante Bloodman is the only Dog to open all 16 games.
*State isn't last in SEC shooting this week, having edged out of the cellar ahead of Vanderbilt this week. When the Dogs do make 45% or better of their shots though they win.
*But the Bulldogs are still dead-last in three-point shooting and making alike. They are 15 treys behind the 13th-last team with just 67.
*It's nothing new from previous years of course, but State is again last in SEC three-point defense.
*Though they are one of the shorter overall lineups in the league, State is 6th in SEC blocks. F Colin Borchert comes in at 5th this week.
*Despite a limited roster no Bulldog ranks in the SEC's top-ten for minutes played.
*No Dog is in the top-25 for SEC scoring either, though.
*G Craig Sword has fouled out five times in 16 games, most of any league player.
*He needs to stay on the floor because Sword is shooting 21-of-42 in SEC season. And he is 5th in league steals per-game too.
*C Gavin Ware has scored 16 points in his four SEC games and taken just 17 shots total. He has yet to make a free throw in league play, too.
*Yet the freshman is 10th in SEC rebounding, second among all freshmen.
*G Fred Thomas has made 11-of-25 shots the last three games, his best stretch of the season. Better, he is 6-of-12 at the arc in these games.
*G Jalen Steele has 111 career treys, in 68 games. He needs 132 longballs to crack the MSU top-ten.


text:
Dear Reader,
Have you gone green? If you've chosen to read UB Today online exclusively, thank you for helping UB to achieve a Greener Shade of Blue.
As part of our commitment to environmental stewardship, we encourage you to opt for the online version. And to make it more enticing, youll start to see more robust content and features, including Web exclusive material not available in print.
As always, we invite your reaction and comments to the magazine in whichever format you choosejust click on The Mail.
Ann Whitcher-Gentzke
UB Today Editor
Yes, I want to go green! Sign me up to receive UB Today online only or download the PDF version.


text:
Related Words
Angle of Depression
Definition of Angle of Depression
The word "depression" means "fall" or "drop".
Angle of depression is the angle between the horizontal and the line of sight to an object beneath the horizontal.
Take a look at the example below.
Examples of Angle of Depression
In the picture below, an observer is standing at the top of a building and looking straight ahead at the birds (horizontal line). The observer must lower his eyes to see the car parked (slanting line).
The angle formed between the two lines is called the angle of depression.
Video Examples: How to Solve Trig Application Problems: Angle of Depression
Solved Example Clockwise on Angle of Depression
Ques: An airplane is flying at a height of 2 miles above the level ground. The angle of depression from the plane to the foot of a tree is 15o. Find the distance that the air plane must fly to be directly above the tree.
- Step 1: Let's first visualize the situation.
- Step 2: Let 'x' be the distance the airplane must fly to be directly above the tree.
- Step 3: The level ground and the horizontal are parallel, so the alternate interior angles are equal in measure.
- Step 6: So, the airplane must fly about 7.46 miles to be directly above the tree.
Translate :


text:
University of Bristol > Visual Information Laboratory > Jack Greenhalgh
Jack Greenhalgh
About Me
I recently completed my PhD in the Visual Information Laboratory at the University of Bristol, where I was performing research on the subject of `Driver Assistance Using Automated Sign and Text Recognition', under the supervision of Prof. Majid Mirmehdi.
My research interests include image processing, computer vision, machine learning, and intelligent transportation systems.
The aim of my research is to explore methods and implement algorithms for the automatic detection and recognition of road signs, symbols, and text. Information such as shape, texture, colour, and motion are used for the recognition of symbols, and the extraction of text from road signs. Recognition is required to work at multiple scales and from multiple views. Video is received continuously from one or more cameras located on a Land Rover research vehicle.
Real Time Detection and Recognition of Road Traffic Signs
Recognising Text-based Traffic Signs
Detection and Recognition of Painted Road Markings
Journals:Jack Greenhalgh, Majid Mirmehdi, Real Time Detection and Recognition of Road Traffic Signs. Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, Vol.13, no.4, pp.1498-1506, Dec.2012 [pdf]
Jack Greenhalgh, Majid Mirmehdi, Recognizing Text-Based Traffic Signs. Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, accepted for publication [pdf]
Conferences:Jack Greenhalgh, Majid Mirmehdi, Traffic Sign Recognition Using MSER and Random Forests. 20th European Signal Processing Conference, pages 1935-1939. EURASIP, August 2012, Bucharest, Romania. [pdf] [slides]
Jack Greenhalgh, Majid Mirmehdi, Detection and Recognition of Painted Road Markings. 4th International Conference on Pattern Recognition Applications and Methods, January 2015, Lisbon, Portugal. [pdf]
Google Scholar
Department of Computer Science
+44 (0)117 33 15233


text:
The iTree is a high-end iPod, iPhone Docking Station - The design is just a simple tree which is hollowed out with a special technique to create an extra ordinary HiFi Sound quality. For the sound engineering KMKG STUDIO worked togehter with the company Lenz which is one of the best Speaker Builder in Austria. The iTree will be always unique - the costumer can choose their kind of wood, the lenght and also the technique inside. Wholesaler and Press Inquiries to firstname.lastname@example.com
Thank You!


text:
RIVERSIDE -- Officials said the city is pulling its pledge of $100,000 toward the $1 million reward offered during the manhunt for rogue ex-Los Angeles cop Christopher Dorner.
City spokeswoman Cindie Perry said Monday that the City Council resolution said the money was for information leading to Dorner's arrest and conviction, and neither condition was met.
Authorities are aiming to dole out the reward offered in the hunt for Dorner by mid-April.
Last week, Los Angeles police Deputy Chief Kirk Albanese said law enforcement officers from all agencies involved in the nearly weeklong manhunt will get together to read reports, listen to tapes and come to a consensus by mid-April.
Multiple parties have come forward to claim they provided the key tip that ultimately led Dorner to hole up in a vacant mountain cabin where he apparently took his own life after a shootout with law enforcement officers. Authorities say Dorner killed four people, including two police officers.


text:
A spokesman for the United States embassy said US forces deployed in Mindanao will not leave unless the Philippine government says so.
Embassy press attache Rebecca Thompson stressed that American troops are in the country because they are "invited" by Manila and that their presence is covered by a bilateral defense agreement signed by the Philippines and US governments...
The continued presence of US forces in Mindanao, a region constantly plagued by war, have come under fire lately from critics and militant groups, saying the Americans has already established a de-facto military base in the South.
They said that the US military has never left the country and continues to maintain small, discreet units in the Philippines even after their bases where shut down in 1992.
"I can only emphasize that US forces serve here at the request of your government. US troops are here at the invitation of the government of the Philippines and they're here to support and share information with the Armed Forces of the Philippines,"Thompson said.
Del Callar, Michaela and Baldo, Gerry. 10 September 2008. "US forces to leave only if told to do so, says envoy." The Daily Tribune. 10 September 2008. http://www.tribuneonline.org/headlines/20080910hed5.html


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The little-known federal historic tax credit has made a big imprint across our state, and now, it is in danger.
Between 2001 and 2011, this tax incentive has helped transform 63 formerly vacant or underutilized historic buildings in Utah, totaling nearly $200 million in project costs, at a cost of only $31.5 million to federal taxpayers.
Without it, historic rehabilitation projects that preserve Utah's history while creating good-paying, skilled jobs would simply not happen. It is hard to imagine downtown Salt Lake without the Fuller Paint Warehouse (now the Big-D headquarters), or the First Security Bank Building (now the Ken Garff building), or the Scowcroft Warehouse in Ogden (now the IRS Building, Phase 2).
Without the tax credit to make the higher costs of historic rehabilitation feasible, these places could easily be rubble.
Now, congressional tax reform debates will bring a critical eye to all federal tax incentives. Please ask Utah's delegation, particularly Sen. Orrin Hatch, to stand up for the federal historic tax credit. This program helps preserve our heritage, creates jobs, attracts investment and turns the places we live into places we love.
Rob White Trustee, National Trust Community Investment Corporation
Salt Lake City


text:
CTV Kitchener
Published Thursday, November 22, 2012 2:23PM EST
Last Updated Thursday, November 22, 2012 7:00PM EST
Patrick Martin Cayen, 54, was arrested Wednesday by Sarnia police and made a brief court appearance Thursday morning.
He is facing a total of 28 charges of sexual assault.
Police say there are two victims in the matter.
The investigation is ongoing.
Cayen has been the fire chief in Sarnia since October 2005.
A publication ban has been put in place regarding the time frame, location of offences and identity of the victims from being made public.
Cayen will make a court appearance on Dec. 18.
If you are on the scene of breaking news and capture it with your mobile device, share your pictures or video with MyNews.


text:
Always Free Shipping. No Minimum Order.
Try it, you can't feel angry when you are doing good things. Whether it is visiting with a lonely neighbor, helping a co-worker finish up that last little bit of work, or hugging a family member. This elegant bracelet has a strong message to "do good", so you remember that by doing good you are making yourself and others feel wonderful.
At Cents of Style, we are huge advocates for finding your "tribe" in this life. Finding the people who speak your language, reflect how you feel, and empower you is one of life's biggest accomplishments. And in order to find your tribe, you need to know what drives you, what gets your heart pumping, and put those vibes out into the world. Our Tribe bracelets will help you do just that!


text:
The median home value in Lake Lotawana, MO is $300,000.
This is
higher than
the county median home value of $109,500.
The national median home value is $185,800.
The average price of homes sold in Lake Lotawana, MO is $300,000.
Approximately 54.26% of Lake Lotawana homes are owned,
compared to 12.6% rented, while
33.13% are vacant.
Lake Lotawana real estate listings include condos, townhomes, and single family homes for sale.
Commercial properties are also available.
If you see a property you're interested in, contact a Lake Lotawana real estate agent to arrange a tour today!
Learn more about Lake Lotawana Real Estate.
Lakefront cottage sits on level 75 foot lot that pies out to 90 feet at the lake with amazing docking. Property includes a double well-boat dock, two shore stations and a shared stationary swim dock. Charming knotty pine cottage has been updated, the perfect lake get-a-way with room for all the lake toys you will need. Lift up hatch in lakeside room to go to lower level or access from the outside door.
MOVE IN READY, Award winning, "Cotton Creek" plan UPSIZED! "Hers" Certified for superior Energy Efficiency. 2 Story, quiet culdesac, large (metal) fenced in yard and covered patio, perfect for outdoor entertaining and living space. See supplements for details. Homeowners added window treatments, $12k metal fence and much more.
First Tier lake front home located in Buffalo Cove (Fisherman's Paradise)--Private deck with great lake view--upper level deck and lower level patio with nice brick BBQ Pit--Enjoy this home as a weekender, vacation home or all year as a permanent residence--3 bedroom 2 bath home features 3 bedrooms and 1 bath upstairs and large family room, fireplace, eat-in kitchen, non conforming 4th bedroom and bathroom on the lower level--If you like entertaining, fishing or outdoor living you will love this home!
Charming and affordable second tier cottage on a lovely treed lot with a sun-room. Lake access but no dock with the property.
This cute ranch home could be a nice starter home at the lake or a great opportunity for rental property. Spacious living room leads in to ample dining space adjacent to an efficient kitchen. The Master Bedroom has the bonus of a Master Bath. 2nd Bedroom has a generous walk-in closet. Laundry closet conveniently located in the hall. Large backyard backs up to the Rose Garden & the local tennis court. Shared swim dock in deep water has expansive main body views. Quick & easy access to Colbern Road for commuting!
Beautifully designed new lkefrnt home, never been lived in w/ 5 bdrm, 4 1/2 bthrms! Wonderful open liv, din & kit that open to an amazing covered deck with a fireplace. Spectacular views from all levels of decks & patio. Incredible master suite w/ wet bar, lrg bthrm and private deck with wide pano views of lake. 2nd master bdrm and bthrm on main level. 4 story elevator takes you to all levels for easy access. New 2 slip well boat-dock w/ 11 ft min clearance, galvanized and concrete and plenty of off street parking.
WOW! Car/Boat enthusiast this is the garage for you, enough space to park 4 vehicles w/3rd bay being 40 ft. deep long w/9 ft door, great storage options & workbench/shop area, extra outlets/lighting, beautiful home sits on oversized lot w/huge, fenced backyard, vaulted entryway w/wood flooring, gas fireplace in living room, plus beautiful trim work to highlight formal dining, granite counter-tops & stainless steel appliances, island & walk-in pantry which as built-in desk, half bath on main level, built-in storage
This is the lake house you have been waiting for! The four levels and open floor plan will give you all the space you need for entertaining and for your large family. Updates on every level include new flooring, new high efficiency HVAC, new high end kitchen appliances and new paint throughout. The upgraded electrical system now has 3 panels, all new lighting and wifi thermostat for control at home or on the go. You will love the new basement studio suite which offers a kitchenette and beautifully tiled full bath.
This totally remodeled lake home is waiting for you. With 4 bedrooms & 3.5 baths, it's designed to handle a big family & a lot of friends, including a 2-car garage & parking for guests. The lower level has polished concrete floors, which are perfect for hoards of dripping humans as they come off the lake to relax around the spacious wet bar. The master suite features a private balcony where you can look over your domain as you enjoy your morning coffee. Docking is a covered boat-well dock & a shallow-water lift.
Great location in desired Lake Lotawana Community!! Across the street from neighborhood park and backs to woods so no backyard neighbors!!! The home offers 3 bedrooms, 2 full baths, full basement and 2 car garage! Don't miss out on this one! This is a Fannie Mae HomePath property.
Includes 27 O, lot next door!!!!!! No Neighbors at Lotawana!!! 3 acres. 5 bedrooms, 5 walk in closets. 3 suites, 6 car garage. Beautiful view. Privacy. Drive right down to the docks!!! 20x40 Salt Water Pool. Wooded.
Absolutely lovely & newly updated, 3 bdrm 3 bthrm lkefrnt home w/ hrdwd flrs throughout, lots of natural light, a new over-sized deck and new paint! Other features include new stainless appliances, vaulted ceilings w/ open beams in open kit, living and dining rooms with skylights. Large master with walk in closet and bathroom with whirlpool tub, double vanity, separate shower and heated floors. Situated in a deep water cove with a covered boat-well dock. Sellers putting in new walk to the dock for easy access.
This meticulously built & maintained home exhibits the utmost in pride of ownership. Large windows allow for abundant natural light & breathtaking views of the main channel. An inviting main floor design provides comfortable living as well as ample space for entertaining. The lakeside Encl Prch is the perfect spot to relax & enjoy the view. MBR provides a restful retreat w/a luxurious Master bath. Spacious FamRm on lower lvl has walkout to cov patio. Lower lvl also has BR #2&BR#3/Office plus amazing storage space.
Custom built traditional coastal home hidden away in prestigious K Blk, ideally situated on lrg lkfrnt lot. The 4 bdrm, 4 bthrm home has large open liv areas that flow to sweeping wrap around porch. Meticulously maintained w/ 2 kits, 2 liv areas & rare summer house at water's edge w/ a 3rd kit & 5th bthrm. Deep water, cvred boatwell dock w/ attached swim dock. Home features MacKenzie-Childs fixtures in fabulous British Traditional Kitchen, 4 frplces, built-ins, elevator for easy access to all levels.
Charming lakefront cottage situated on a level lot on the main channel of Lake Lotawana with sweeping views of the lake. Enjoy the sailboat races from the comfort of your sun-room or lakefront patio. Plenty of space to entertain inside and out plus lots of space for your guests to park, a two car garage and a boat-well dock.
Home is currently being built. Buyer has the ability to customize moving forward with an accepted contract. 4 Bed, 3 full, and 2 half Bath Home sits on 3.5 lots and has an AMAZING lake view and Tier 1 dock access!
Ranch home on 2 level upper tier lots. Charming backyard setting provides plenty of elbow room plus it backs up to the HOA park area with its natural setting and NO houses. Large eat in kitchen, wood floors and updated bath are just a few items waiting for you at this very affordable price! Private swim dock in Beautiful Bandit Bay has wonderful water depth. This property is worth looking at closely. Property subject to the HOA First Right of Refusal Waiver.
Large lakefront home with many updates that include a large master suite with a fabulous new master bathroom! Large living room up on bedroom level, basement for storage, extra deep garage, covered boat-well dock all on a level lakefront lot with easy access to Hwy 7. Neat and clean, move in ready. Solar panels help to keep utilities down in all electric home. A lot of house for the money, a real must see!!!
Stunning year round home located on the north shore main channel with full lake views to Goat Hill. 4 bedrooms, 5.5 bath home with elevator. Beautiful custom cabinets in kitchen with large island and professional series appliances. Patio level kitchenette. Lakeside flagstone patio and screened in porch on main level. Home is wheelchair accessible. This lake home is a must see!
Charming, affordable & remodeled 2 bdrm lkfrnt home w/ lrge liv areas open to fab new kit w/ custom alder cabinets & granite counter-tops. Beautiful wooden beadboard vaulted ceiling in liv & Kit. Level lot to the water w/ nice views down deep water cove to the main channel. Plenty of great space outside for entertaining & a swim dock. Upper area living space could easily be made into a 3rd bedroom, would make a fabulous master. Good off-street parking and easy access to Hwy 7. Make this home your lake home today.
Great pride in their recent restoration in this Lotawana ranch home offering two level lakefront lots with a floor plan certain to please including a see thru fireplace, soaring ceilings, beautiful full windows & sun infused natural light flowing from every angle. To compliment the spacious master suite you'll find a luxurious master closet which is sure to make you oooh & aaah. Lakeside deck off family room & living room walks out to lake w/ 2 separate docks. Oversized double car garage offers room to tinker away.
LOG CABIN LIVING AT LAKE LOTAWANA! Amazing main channel view, three covered porches and a large deck.Real hardwood floors throughout.Very open floor plan with high ceilings with pine walls and ceilings for that log cabin feel. Kitchen opens to living area and has granite counters.All bedrooms have walk-in closets. Extra large wooded 60 ft lot with garage. Home was built in 2009 is has all the modern amenities with lake charm.Two laundry hookups.10 min to blue springs or Lees Summit. Lees Summit Schools. Owner agent
Very nice Lotawana house with an incredible big water view. Huge green space in front for volleyball and other yard games. Very nice dock with one boat slip, two boat lifts, and tanning area. (Swim area) Priced to sell, won't last long. Unconventional 4th bedroom in the basement next to a full bath.
Come see his true Lotawana gem! Excellent location, tucked away just inside the mouth of Treasure Cove. The site has deep water, low boat traffic yet amazing views of the main body for sailboats races, morning sunrises, and the lake activities. 50'x150' lake front lot with 2 shore stations and a swim dock with room to grow. House offers, spacious deck, four bedrooms, 2 1/2 baths, three levels, including a walk-out basement. Enjoy the current charming house or build your new dream house closer to the water.
Rare gem of a lakefront home just inside a protected cove with wide main channel views. Spectacular and large four bedroom home on three levels with two fabulous kitchens (one up, one down on lake level), two master suites, bunk room, open living room with vaulted ceiling, all glass lakefront and so much more. Heated floor, multiple fireplaces, hardwood floors, multiple docks and patio, double well boat dock with deck on top and room for guests to park on the side. Attached garage and plenty of off-street parking.
Call 913-402-2550
Email firstname.lastname@example.com


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Age Smart Set
Our Age Smart Set consists of full sizes of key age defying products from our CoreLine. On the cutting edge of science with ingredients powered to minimize fine lines, refine pores, reverse photoaging damage and rebuild collagen and elastin.
$ 270.00
REPLENISHING OIL CLEANSER 4oz | 120ml
Non-stripping + age fighting enzymes. Removes sunscreen and makeup.
PRE+PROBIOTIC DAILY MIST 4oz | 120ml
Soothing micronutrient balance boost for travel/everyday refresh.
GENTLE RETINOL NIGHT SERUM 1oz | 30ml
Miracuously gentle and safe: 7% Retinol + Vitamin C.
REJUVENATING NIGHT OIL 1oz | 30ml
Rich blend of Omega 3+6 EFAs improves tone and elasticity.
Smoothes and minimizes the appearance of fine lines.
Reverses photoaging damage and improves hyperpigmantation.
Revitalizes moisture and boosts collagen and elastin.
SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE (SOD) protects against aging by reducing damage done by special free radicals that attack lipid membranes.
SAFFLOWER OIL decongests pores with Omega 6 EFAs.
SUNFLOWER OIL thins sticky sebum deposits contributing to blemish formation.
APRICOT KERNEL OIL high in Vitamin A and E improves barrier function by supplying nutrients needed by the stratum corner.
DECYL POLYGLUCOSE a mild non-sudsing cleaning agent deep cleans without stripping skin of oils.
Carthamus tinctorius (safflower) seed oil, Helianthus annuus (sunflower) seed oil, Prunus armeniaca (apricot) kernel oil, decyl polyglucoside (polyglucose), sucrose cocoate, mixed tocopherols (vitamin E) oil, probiotic complex, Rosmarinus officinalis (rosemary) oleoresin, superoxide dismutase
Essential oils: Pelargonium graveolens (rose geranium), Lavandula angustifolia (lavender)
MICROBIOTIC COMPLEX™ Our proprietary microbiotic complex contains a combination of 34 probiotic live strains including high concentration of Bifidobacterium, kept in balance with prebiotics to maintain a well-regulated cycle. Balances the skinÕs microbiota, thereby reducing skin irritations that lead to inflammation.
COCONUT WATER is hydrating and antioxidant rich. Its high lauric acid content helps keep blemishes under control.
SODIUM SALICYLATE is a powerful anti-inflammatory that quickly calms skin. It also has significant environmental protection properties.
LICORICE EXTRACT The glycyrrhizin and flavonoids found in licorice extract produce anti-inflammatory action in the skin.
CALENDULA HYDROFOIL is a calming, soothing flower in the marigold family and an wonderful alternative for those who cannot tolerate chamomile.
Camellia sinensis (green & white tea) infusion, Cocos nucifera (coconut) water, Glycyrrhiza glabra (licorice) root extract, n-acetyl glucosamine, niacinamide, beta glucan, sodium salicylate, Leucidal (leuconostoc/radish root ferment), Calendula officinalis (Calendula) flower hydrosol, probiotic complex
Essential oils: Lavandula angustifolia (lavender), Carota daucus (carrot seed), Curcuma longa (turmeric), Helichrysum italicum (helichrysum), Myrtus communis (green myrtle)
7% RETINOL Uses microencapsulated retinol that does not degrade even in a lower pH environment.
ISODODECANE Stabilized form of l-ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) 3%.
PHOTOAGING REPAIR COMPLEX™ Proprietary microencapsulated resveratrol and superoxide dismutase (SOD) for a powerful antioxidant boost.
SODIUM SALICYLATE Sodium salicylate moderates inflammation, allowing use of a therapeutic amount of retinol 7%;without causing undue irritation, making it safe for sensitive skin.
CERAMIDE COMPLEX Key component of top layer of skin, prevents moisture loss, keeps skin soft and supple.
Camellia sinensis (green & white tea) infusion, Citrus aurantium bigaradia (neroli) hydrosol, encapsulated retinol (7%), Leucidal (leuconostoc/radish root ferment), Populus tremuloides (aspen) bark extract, Argania spinosa (argan) oil, Rubus fruticosus (blackberry) seed oil, Rosa rubignosa (rosehip) seed oil, glycerin, mixed tocopherols (vitamin E), xanthan gum, saccharomyces/xylitum (kombucha) tincture, niacinamide, beta glucan, sodium salicylate, ceramide complex, non-GMO sunflower lecithin, n-acetyl glucosamine, Isododecane (stabilized l-ascorbic acid), Rosmarinus officinalis (rosemary) oleoresin, idebenone, Photo Repair Complex (superoxide dismutase, resveratrol) Essential oils: Citrus aurantium (neroli), Daucus carota (carrot) seed, Curcuma longa (turmeric), Helichrysum italicum (helichrysum), Rosa damascene (rose), Cistus ladanifer (cistus), Boswellia carterii (frankincense)
EVENING PRIMROSE OIL High in Gamma linolenic acid - an Omega-6 type essential fatty acid that alleviates dryness and keeps skin soft and supple.
BORAGE OIL Even higher levels of Gamma linolenic acid.
ARGAN OIL High in vitamin E, antioxidants and essential fatty acids revitalize dry skin.
KIWI SEED OIL provides hard to get omega-3s from plant sources.
BLACKBERRY SEED OIL While difficult to extract, this oil is high in natural vitamin C as well as several types of vitamin E and lutein making it an excellent ingredient for repairing damaged skin. It's a superb choice as a natural vitamin C source to keep signs of aging at bay.
Simmondsia chinensis (jojoba) oil, Vitis vinifera (grape) oil, Prunus armeniaca (apricot) kernel oil, Limnanthes alba (meadowfoam) seed oil, seed Argania spinosa (argan) oil, Rubus fruticosus (blackberry) seed oil, Borago officinalis (borage) oil, Oenothera Biennis (evening primrose) oil, Sclerocarya Birrea (marula) oil, Rosa rubignosa (rosehip) seed oil, mixed tocopherols (vitamin E), Rubus occidentalis (black raspberry) seed oil, Vaccinium macrocarpon (cranberry) seed oil, Actinidia deliciosa (kiwi) seed oil, Hippophae Rhamnoides (sea buckthorn) oil, Calophyllum inophyllum (tamanu) oil, non-GMO sunflower lecithin, Rosmarinus officinalis (rosemary) oleoresin, lycopene, krill oil
Essential oils: Pelargonium graveolens (rose geranium), Lavandula angustifolia (lavender), Rosa damascene (rose absolute), Daucus carota (carrot) seed, Citrus aurantium (neroli), Helichrysum italicum (helichrysum)
Shake well before use. Put a dime-sized amount of cleanser on your skin and massage in for a few seconds to loosen and remove make up and grime. Then add lukewarm water, work up a milky lather and massage for a minute into skin. Rinse well or remove with damp cloth. Use in the evening to remove grime, sunscreen and makeup, and in the morning to guard against oxidative stress.
Keep in a cool place. If irritation develops, discontinue use and consult your physician.
Mist face and neck in the morning; while face is still damp apply Protective Day Oil. Then apply sunscreen. Use Pre+Probiotic Daily Mist throughout the day to calm, soothe and hydrate your skin.
Use at night only. Shake well before each use. Apply a thin layer of Gentle Retinol Night Serum after cleansing and misting. Follow that with an application of our recommended oil blend, Rejuvenating Night Oil. May be used every night. Not recommended for pregnant women, nursing mothers or anyone who finds it too irritating. Please use sunscreen daily, as retinoid products do have exfoliant properties. If irritation develops discontinue use and consult a physician. Keep in a cool place out of direct sunlight.
May be used morning or evening. Shake well before each use. Massage in a thin layer of Rejuvenating Night Oil to face, neck and chest after use of cleanser, mist, and serum. Use more or less oil depending on the skin's overall condition. Very dry skin may require a second layer. If irritation develops discontinue use and consult a physician. Keep in a cool place out of direct sunlight.
"I use Marie Veronique products day and night. I recently got a facial from Kristina Holey that was really informative and helped hone in my regime."
"The non-toxic formulas are rooted in science. Chemist Marie and bio-medical engineer daughter Jay collaborate on all formulas. "
"It doesn't always seem like technology and green beauty are natural companions. So what happens when you mix equal amounts tech and beauty? You get the best (and most futuristic) products on the market."
"MV offers safe, innovative skincare products that achieve real and lasting results. The formulations are expertly developed using in-depth research, knowledge of industry trends, and resourcing the finest ingredients available."
"For my face, I'm pretty devoted to Marie Veronique, which I discovered through this blog. My skin became so clear and glowing after I switched to her products."


text:
|Unique Feature
|ASRock Super Alloy
- XXL Aluminum Alloy Heatsink
- Premium Alloy Choke (Reduces 70% core loss compared to iron powder choke)
- Dual-Stack MOSFET (DSM)
- NexFET™ MOSFET
- Nichicon 12K Platinum Caps (100% Japan made high quality conductive polymer capacitors)
- Sapphire Black PCB
ASRock Ultra M.2 (PCIe Gen3 x4)
ASRock HDD Saver Technology
ASRock Full Spike Protection
ASRock Cloud
ASRock APP Shop
|- Supports 5th Generation Intel® Core™ i7/i5/i3/Pentium®/Celeron® Processors (Socket 1150)
- Supports New 4th and 4th Generation Intel® Xeon®/Core™ i7/i5/i3/Pentium®/Celeron® Processors (Socket 1150)
- Digi Power design
- 12 Power Phase design
- Supports Intel® Turbo Boost 2.0 Technology
- Supports Intel® K-Series unlocked CPUs
- Supports ASRock BCLK Full-range Overclocking
|- Intel® Z97
|- Dual Channel DDR3/DDR3L Memory Technology
- 4 x DDR3/DDR3L DIMM Slots
- Supports DDR3/DDR3L 3200+(OC)/2933(OC)/2800(OC)/2400(OC)/2133(OC)/1866(OC)/1600/1333/1066 non-ECC, un-buffered memory
- Max. capacity of system memory: 32GB*
- Supports Intel® Extreme Memory Profile (XMP) 1.3 / 1.2
- 15μ Gold Contact in DIMM Slots
*Due to the operating system limitation, the actual memory size may be less than 4GB for the reservation for system usage under Windows® 32-bit OS. For Windows® 64-bit OS with 64-bit CPU, there is no such limitation.
|- 2 x 64Mb AMI UEFI Legal BIOS with multilingual GUI support (1 x Main BIOS and 1 x Backup BIOS)
- Supports Secure Backup UEFI Technology
- ACPI 1.1 Compliant wake up events
- SMBIOS 2.3.1 Support
- CPU, DRAM, PCH 1.05V, PCH 1.5V Voltage Multi-adjustment
|Audio, Video and Networking
|- Supports Intel® HD Graphics Built-in Visuals : Intel® Quick Sync Video with AVC, MVC (S3D) and MPEG-2 Full HW Encode1, Intel® InTru™ 3D, Intel® Clear Video HD Technology, Intel® Insider™, Intel® HD Graphics 4400/4600
- Pixel Shader 5.0, DirectX 11.1
- Max. shared memory 512MB*
- Three graphics output options: DVI-I, HDMI and DisplayPort 1.2
- Supports Triple Monitor
- Supports HDMI with max. resolution up to 4K x 2K (4096x2304) @ 24Hz
- Supports DVI-I with max. resolution up to 1920x1200 @ 60Hz
- Supports DisplayPort 1.2 with max. resolution up to 4K x 2K (4096x2304) @ 24Hz or 4K x 2K (3840x2160) @ 60Hz
- Supports Auto Lip Sync, Deep Color (12bpc), xvYCC and HBR (High Bit Rate Audio) with HDMI Port (Compliant HDMI monitor is required)
- Supports HDCP with DVI-I, HDMI and DisplayPort 1.2 Ports
- Supports Full HD 1080p Blu-ray (BD) playback with DVI-I, HDMI and DisplayPort 1.2 Ports
*The size of maximum shared memory may vary from different operating systems.
**Intel® HD Graphics Built-in Visuals and the VGA outputs can be supported only with processors which are GPU integrated.
***Due to chipset limitation, the Blu-ray playback of Intel® HD Graphics is only supported under Windows® 8 / 8 64-bit / 7 / 7 64-bit.
****Intel® InTru™ 3D is only supported under Windows® 8 / 8 64-bit / 7 / 7 64-bit.
|- 7.1 CH HD Audio with Content Protection (Realtek ALC1150 Audio Codec)
- Premium Blu-ray Audio support
- Supports Surge Protection (ASRock Full Spike Protection)
- Supports Purity Sound™ 2
- Nichicon Fine Gold Series Audio Caps
- 115dB SNR DAC with differential amplifier
- TI® NE5532 Premium Headset Amplifier (Supports up to 600 ohm headsets)
- Direct Drive Technology
- EMI shielding cover
- PCB isolate shielding
- Supports DTS Connect
|- 1 x Intel® I218V (Gigabit LAN PHY 10/100/1000 Mb/s)
- 1 x Realtek RTL8111GR (PCIE x1 Gigabit LAN 10/100/1000 Mb/s)
- Supports Intel® Remote Wake Technology (on Intel® I218V)
- Supports Wake-On-WAN (on Realtek RTL8111GR)
- Supports Wake-On-LAN
- Supports Lightning/ESD Protection (ASRock Full Spike Protection)
- Supports LAN Cable Detection (on Realtek RTL8111GR)
- Supports Energy Efficient Ethernet 802.3az
- Supports PXE
|Expansion / Connectivity
|- 2 x PCI Express 3.0 x16 Slots (PCIE2/PCIE4: single at x16 (PCIE2); dual at x8 (PCIE2) / x8 (PCIE4))
- 1 x PCI Express 2.0 x16 slot (PCIE5: x2 mode)
- 2 x PCI Express 2.0 x1 Slots
- 1 x mini-PCI Express Slot
- Supports AMD Quad CrossFireX™ and CrossFireX™
- Supports NVIDIA® Quad SLI™ and SLI™
- 15μ Gold Contact in VGA PCIe Slot (PCIE2)
*If M2_1 slot is occupied, PCIE2 slot will run at x8 mode, and PCIE4 slot will run at x4 mode.
**mini-PCI Express slot is shared with PCIE3 slot.
|- 6 x SATA3 6.0 Gb/s Connectors by Intel® Z97, support RAID (RAID 0, RAID 1, RAID 5, RAID 10, Intel® Rapid Storage Technology 13 and Intel® Smart Response Technology), NCQ, AHCI, Hot Plug and ASRock HDD Saver Technology
- 4 x SATA3 6.0 Gb/s Connectors by ASMedia ASM1061, support NCQ, AHCI, Hot Plug and ASRock HDD Saver Technology (SATA3_A4 connector is shared with the eSATA port)
- 1 x SATA Express 10 Gb/s Connector (shared with SATA3_4, SATA3_5 and M.2 Socket (M2_2))*
- 1 x eSATA Connector by ASMedia ASM1061, supports NCQ, AHCI and Hot Plug
- 1 x Ultra M.2 Socket (M2_1), supports M Key M.2 PCI Express module up to Gen3 x4 (32 Gb/s)
- 1 x M.2_SSD (NGFF) Socket 3 (M2_2), supports M Key M.2 SATA3 6.0 Gb/s module and M.2 PCI Express module up to Gen2 x2 (10 Gb/s)
*Support to be announced.
** The M.2 Socket (M2_2), SATA3_4, SATA3_5 and SATA Express share lanes. If either one of them is in use, the others will be disabled.
|- 1 x COM Port Header
- 1 x TPM Header
- 1 x Power LED Header
- 2 x CPU Fan Connectors (1 x 4-pin, 1 x 3-pin)
- 3 x Chassis Fan Connectors (1 x 4-pin, 2 x 3-pin)
- 1 x Power Fan Connector (3-pin)
- 1 x 24 pin ATX Power Connector
- 1 x 8 pin 12V Power Connector (Hi-Density Power Connector)
- 1 x HDD Saver Connector
- 1 x PCIe Power Connector
- 1 x Front Panel Audio Connector
- 1 x Thunderbolt™ AIC Connector*
- 2 x USB 2.0 Headers (support 4 USB 2.0 ports) (Supports ESD Protection (ASRock Full Spike Protection))
- 1 x Vertical Type A USB 2.0
- 2 x USB 3.0 Headers (support 4 USB 3.0 ports) (Supports ESD Protection (ASRock Full Spike Protection))
- 1 x Dr. Debug with LED
- 1 x Power Switch with LED
- 1 x Reset Switch with LED
- 1 x BIOS Selection Switch
|Rear Panel I/O
|- 1 x PS/2 Mouse/Keyboard Port
- 1 x DVI-I Port
- 1 x HDMI Port
- 1 x DisplayPort 1.2
- 1 x Optical SPDIF Out Port
- 1 x eSATA Connector
- 2 x USB 3.0 Ports (ASMedia ASM1042AE) (Supports ESD Protection (ASRock Full Spike Protection))
- 4 x USB 3.0 Ports (Intel® Z97) (Supports ESD Protection (ASRock Full Spike Protection))
- 2 x RJ-45 LAN Ports with LED (ACT/LINK LED and SPEED LED)
- 1 x Clear CMOS Switch
- HD Audio Jacks: Rear Speaker / Central / Bass / Line in / Front Speaker / Microphone
|Other Features / Miscellaneous
|Software and BIOS
- ASRock A-Tuning
- ASRock Disk Health Report
- ASRock USB Key
- ASRock APP Charger
- ASRock XFast LAN
- ASRock XFast RAM
- ASRock Restart to UEFI
- ASRock Full HD UEFI
- ASRock My Favorites in UEFI
- ASRock UEFI Guide
- ASRock Instant Flash
- ASRock Internet Flash
- ASRock Crashless BIOS
- ASRock OMG (Online Management Guard)
- ASRock UEFI System Browser
- ASRock UEFI Tech Service
- ASRock Dehumidifier
- ASRock Easy RAID Installer
- ASRock Easy Driver Installer
|Support CD
|- Drivers, Utilities, AntiVirus Software (Trial Version), Google Chrome Browser and Toolbar, Start8 (30 days trial), Orbweb.ME Professional
|- 1 x ASRock SLI_Bridge_2S Card
- Quick Installation Guide, Support CD, I/O Shield
- 4 x SATA Data Cables
- 1 x HDD Saver Cable
- 2 x Screws for M.2 Sockets
- 1 x Screw for mini-PCIe Slot
|Hardware Monitor
|- CPU/Chassis temperature sensing
- CPU/Chassis/Power Fan Tachometer
- CPU/Chassis Quiet Fan (Auto adjust chassis fan speed by CPU temperature)
- CPU/Chassis Fan multi-speed control
- Voltage monitoring: +12V, +5V, +3.3V, CPU Input Voltage, CPU Internal Voltages
|Form Factor
|- ATX Form Factor
- High Density Glass Fabric PCB
|- Microsoft® Windows® 10 64-bit / 8.1 32-bit / 8.1 64-bit / 8 32-bit / 8 64-bit / 7 32-bit / 7 64-bit
- ErP/EuP ready (ErP/EuP ready power supply is required)
The specification is subject to change without notice in advance. The brand and product names are trademarks of their respective companies. Any configuration other than original product specification is not guaranteed.


text:
Charles Towne Montessori uses a rolling admissions process where children are accepted throughout the year.
Currently, we are accepting applications for children in the Toddler, Primary and Elementary programs for the current academic year and for 2016-2017.
Our admissions process:
Visit the school with one of our administrative team.
Submit an application with 100$ processing fee.
Upon acceptance, schedule an enrollment meeting with the Head of School.
Submit signed enrollment contract and all applicable fees.


text:
- An explosion box is a innovative and extremely popular for gifting on special occasions.
- It is unique gift for birthday, anniversary, Wedding ,or Valentine Love Gift for wife / husband or girlfriend/boyfriend.
- When closed, the box looks like a regular gift box, but when open, all the sides fall back to reveal beautiful messages and pictures choosen by you.
- The naughty explosion box is filled with contains photo spaces, space for personal messages and naughty intimate coupons for a private laugh.
After placing the order our team will contact you or you can mail us the details at - firstname.lastname@example.com , along with the order id.


text:
Kevin Federline's 'Father of the Year' event attended by at least one hot chick
Kevin Federline was dubbed "Father of the Year" yesterday at Club Prive in Las Vegas. Kevin reportedly showed up two hours late for the honor then requested the award ceremony be private so clubgoers couldn't see it. (Having kids is nature's own cockblock. Google it.) Us Magazine reports:
"I'm surprised," Federline said when asked how it felt to win the title.
Federline, 30, hit up the club with a group of male pals — including divorce attorney Mark Vincent Kaplan — just before 1 a.m. Saturday morning.
Maxim model Tami Donaldson (above) also showed up for the festivities to provide the obligatory side boob: a staple of any good Fathers Day. Which is why every year I send my dad a stripper-gram. Sure, he's got high blood pressure, and mom threatened to shoot the next one, but it's one day out of the year when I can say "I love you, dad" the only way I know how. Is that so wrong? Or worth pressing charges?
UPDATE: I'm out of the will, and the stripper-gram company says I owe them a red-head before five. He got my letter! *sigh*


text:
FIRE crews have attended a house fire at a property in Dringhouses.
The fire started in the house, in Sandcroft Road, at about 5.50pm today.
Two fire crews from Acomb and one from York were sent to the scene, and the fire was extinguished by just after 6.50pm.
A spokeswoman for North Yorkshire Fire Service said ambulances had not been called to the scene, as nobody was injured in the fire, but no details about the damage to the property were available at this time.
A fire investigation officer was also sent to the scene, and is expected to revisit the property tomorrow.


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I went to the hospital this week and did my pre-admission paperwork! I am now in the computer and I have all my consent forms/SS forms here at home to fill out and sign so I don't have to do it while I am in labor! Does anyone else's hospital offer this?
We also went over manditory carseat information and watched the Shaken Baby Syndrome video that is required in PA. I am signed off on that by a nurse so I don't have to do it before being released after baby is born. (Showing a shaken baby video to a room full of hormonal pregnant women.... they should have put tissues at each table!)


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EnergySolutions, Inc. expects to see its stock delisted from the New York Stock Exchange on or about May 24, now that the Salt Lake City company's merger with Energy Capital Partners II LLC has been approved by the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission.
Listed since 2007 as ES, the nuclear waste company already has received shareholder approval for the move to private hands, as well as the blessing of authorities in Utah and the other states where it has operations.
The company owns and operates a mile-square disposal site for low-level radioactive waste, the nation's busiest commercial landfill, in Tooele County, about 80 miles west of Salt Lake City.


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Sean Casey is coming out of the shadows of the Liberal party's backroom and into the spotlight after winning the federal Liberal party's nomination during a convention in Charlottetown Thursday night.
The 47-year-old former president of the Liberal Party of P.E.I. was unopposed in his bid to be the Liberal candidate in the riding of Charlottetown. He will be on the ballot for the next federal election widely expected to be held in early May.
Casey says by coming out early, he might have scared off some of the competition for the post, which pays a base salary of $157,000 annually.
"I think part of it is the relative youth of the provincial government, by that I mean the most electable Liberals have been elected provincially and they haven't been there very long," Casey said in an interview.
"My sense is that if this nominating convention was four or five years from now that there would be a big lineup (for the job)."
Casey, a lawyer, is married to Kathleen Casey, who is a Liberal MLA and Speaker of the P.E.I. legislature. His family owns Paderno, the Island-based kitchen store and pot maker.
He replaces Shawn Murphy, who announced last October that he was bowing out of public office after 10 years.
Murphy will still represent the riding of Charlottetown until the next election is called.
Casey denies he was asked to run to hold the seat for Premier Robert Ghiz, who was one of a long list of provincial MLAs rumoured to want to run federally. Environment Minister Richard Brown, Education Minister Doug Currie and backbencher Robert Mitchell were also said to be considering a jump to federal politics.
"I find it pretty funny, to be honest with you. I want this, I absolutely do and that's the reason why I came out early, why I have been working the phones solid ever since and why I am leaving my law practise (Friday) to go campaigning full-time."
About 200 people packed into the small auditorium at The Guild in Charlottetown for the nominating convention, which meant it was standing room only.
Scott Brison, a Liberal MP from Kings Hants, Nova Scotia and a special guest at the nominating convention, said the Liberal party can and will win the next election.
"We're seeing a lot of toing and froing between (NDP Leader) Jack Layton and Stephen Harper right now," said Brison.
"We don't know whether the budget will pass or whether we'll have an election. We could have an election within weeks or within months. We don't know. But we're ready."
Murphy is confident Casey can hold on to the riding for the Liberals.
"(Casey) will make a great member of parliament for this district," he said.
Jordan Brown, president of the Liberal riding association in Charlottetown, said he's confident Casey can keep the riding Liberal red. He described Casey as a "cream of the crop" candidate that may have deterred other candidates from coming forward.
"I'm not going to say it would dissuade other people from coming but they're comfortable the job will be done and the job will be done correctly."
The slate of candidates is nearly in place for the next election in the riding of Charlottetown.
Donna Profit will represent the Conservatives while Joe Byrne will carrying the colours for the NDP.
"I expect there will be an election called next month and I am proceeding on that basis," Casey said during his address.
"I take nothing for granted. Tomorrow, I start door-to-door campaigning, and I am going to make my first election promise that I will not be outworked. It will not be easy, and I will need the help and support of each and every one of you."
Wayne Thibodeau was live tweeting from the Liberal nominating convention Thursday night. Read the play-by-play at twitter.com/guardianwayne


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The Agency is revising its procedures
regarding the disclosure of conflicts of interest and waivers for
voting advisory committee members in order to implement the requirements
of section 795 of Pub. L. No. 109-97 (Agriculture, Rural Development,
Food and Drug Administration, and Related Agencies Appropriations
Act, 2006) (Nov. 10, 2005). This information is being provided as
an interim measure to comply with the requirements of this law.
February 27-28, 2007
Robert Couch, M.D.
Lisa Jackson
Ruth Karron, M.D.
John Modlin, M.D.
John Treanor, M.D.
Robert Webster, Ph.D.
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Since its unveiling last summer, the Department of Agriculture's MyPlate logo has been hailed as a refreshing overhaul of its confounding predecessor, the food pyramid. Organized into four portions of a plate — fruits, vegetables, grains and protein — with a fifth, dairy, represented as the circular outline of a drinking
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One of the main activities of AgentLink and AgentLink II was to establish a number of special interest groups (SIGs). An AgentLink SIG was a group of researchers and developers sharing an interest in a specific sub-area of agent technology. SIGs were not established in a top-down manner: they were formed as a result of mostly unsolicited, refereed proposals made by AgentLink II members. However, the SIGs of AgentLink II largely continued in the same structure as those of AgentLink. In an effort to ensure effective and appropriate representation, and to reflect the dynamism of the field, as well as to establish links to related disciplines, AL3 will establish a periodic Technical Forum (AL3-TF), in which Technical Forum Groups (TFGs) will meet to discuss issues of key interest.
TheThird AgentLink III Technical Forum (AL3-TF3) will take place in in Budapest, Hungary, 15-17 September 2005.
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Second AgentLink III Technical Forum
For information about The Second AgentLink III Technical Forum (AL3-TF2) which took place in Ljubljana, Slovenia from 28 February to 2 March 2005 click here
First AgentLink III Technical Forum
For information about The First AgentLink III Technical Forum (AL3-TF1) which took place in Rome from 30 June to 2 July 2004 click here.