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This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (
In 2012, we developed a proof-of-concept system for a new open-path laser absorption spectrometer concept for measuring atmospheric CO2. The measurement approach utilizes high-reliability all-fiber-based, continuous-wave laser technology, along with a unique all-digital lock-in amplifier method that, together, enables simultaneous transmission and reception of multiple fixed wavelengths of light. This new technique, which utilizes very little transmitted energy relative to conventional lidar systems, provides high signal-to-noise (SNR) measurements, even in the presence of a large background signal. This proof-of-concept system, tested in both a laboratory environment and a limited number of field experiments over path lengths of 680 m and 1,600 m, demonstrated SNR values >1,000 for received signals of ∼18 picoWatts averaged over 60 s. A SNR of 1,000 is equivalent to a measurement precision of ±0.001 or ∼0.4 ppmv. The measurement method is expected to provide new capability for automated monitoring of greenhouse gas at fixed sites, such as carbon sequestration facilities, volcanoes, the short- and long-term assessment of urban plumes, and other similar applications. In addition, this concept enables active measurements of column amounts from a geosynchronous orbit for a network of ground-based receivers/stations that would complement other current and planned space-based measurement capabilities.
The authors have been exploring a new approach for measuring greenhouse gases (GHG) using Laser Absorption Spectroscopy (LAS) in an open-path configuration [
The Laser Atmospheric Transmitter Receiver-Network (LAnTeRN) concept is an extension of the Exelis-developed Multifunctional Fiber Laser Lidar (MFLL) [
LAnTeRN has several fundamental characteristics in common with the MFLL instrument (e.g., an all fiber-coupled, high efficiency transmitter and utilization of the IM-CW approach), but is a fundamentally different implementation with distinct capability. The key difference is that LAnTeRN nominally operates in transmission rather than in the traditional backscatter lidar configuration, which has several distinct advantages.
Operating in transmission offers the following benefits: (1) Eliminates partial path returns from clouds and aerosols as a source of bias which is a key requirement for climate data and other applications, e.g., volcano or forest fire monitoring, where large aerosol concentrations are present; (2) Significantly reduces instrument complexity and data volumes through the use of simple pure sine wave modulation and lock-in amplifier techniques; (3) Enables lower powers and smaller apertures because there is no loss of signal due to reflectance and broad scattering angles; (4) Eliminates the need for companion estimates of surface pressure derived either from model data or remotely sensed measurements to estimate dry air mole fractions, which is a big challenge for ASCENDS, due to the fact that surface pressure and geo-location information can be collected at the receiver; and (5) Reduces cost and risk for a space implementation by keeping the receivers and data collection on the ground, and thus eliminates the need to launch a large telescope and multiple high power transmitters required for ASCENDS.
Furthermore, making the measurement along fixed paths has the following benefits: (1) For a space-based implementation it facilitates extensive validation and calibration options (e.g., aircraft,
Although several other open path techniques exist [
The LAnTeRN measurement leverages more than a decade of prior work by Exelis Inc. (formerly ITT Exelis Corp.) on the MFLL airborne engineering development unit. The initial implementation of MFLL used pure sinusoidal modulation with each channel (wavelength) having a unique amplitude modulation frequency applied to each. This approach worked very well in the absence of signal returns from intermediate scatterers. However, in the presence of clouds or heavy aerosols, the CW measurement was unable to distinguish the return from the target of interest and those from the intermediate scattering sources. In order to address this for the ASCENDS mission we developed a chirped waveform which enables us to distinguish the return signal from different ranges. Although this approach has worked quite well, these more complicated waveforms significantly increased the cost and complexity of the design through higher bandwidth requirements, large data volumes, and significant computational resources required to post process the data. Additionally, the increased bandwidth can have a negative impact on the instrument SNR performance. The desire to maintain the advantages of the original implementation of MFLL, while developing this more complex approach for the ASCENDS mission, led Exelis to the development of the LAnTeRN concept [
As mentioned, the LAnTeRN measurement concept enables the use of pure sinusoidal modulations with standard lock-in techniques even in the presence of intermediate scattering media, due to the fact that the measurement is made in transmission. In order to describe the LAnTeRN measurement we will first describe how the signals are encoded, combined prior to transmission, simultaneously received, and then separated through a digital lock-in approach.
The time varying output signal amplitude for wavelength
An example of the amplitude of the output signal with
The received optical signal, the transmitted power attenuated by the atmospheric state over the path between the transmit and receive telescopes, is converted into a voltage and recorded using a high-quality Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC). The amplitude of the received signal at wavelength
To separate out the relative amplitudes of each of the transmitted wavelengths, the received signal is multiplied by both a sine wave and a cosine wave at frequency
The factor of 2 is due to the fact that the lock-in method results in 1/2 of the actual amplitude when
Differential absorption techniques for measuring atmospheric gases began appearing shortly after the advent of the laser. The literature describing these various approaches is vast and spans both ground and space concepts. A good general reference can be found in [
Starting with the standard lidar equation for the received signal power
For the case of the LAnTeRN arrangement the standard lidar equation in
By accurately monitoring the transmitted power for both the online and offline signals,
The LAnTeRN performance model was developed by leveraging extensive prior Exelis modeling efforts for point-to-point optical communications systems. A graphical representation of the model is shown in
Transfer Model (LBLRTM) [
The receiver model calculates the resulting signal and background spectra at the aft end of the receiver optics and then passes them to the sensor module, which contains high-fidelity models of the photodiode detector, transimpedance amplifier (TIA) noise, and lock-in amplifier. All outputs are then fed into the link analysis model that calculates the final system SNR, a link budget, and other signal quality parameters, including individual noise source contributions.
The detector and TIA noise is composed of several noise components. The total electronic current noise in units of
The DC photocurrent is a sum of all the photocurrent (A) reaching the device, given by,
To get total voltage noise at the output of the TIA, the total current noise is multiplied by the transimpedance gain.
An example plot of the noise spectrum for the various model parameters related to the detector and TIA is shown in
The model results were used to predict the performance of the LAnTeRN proof-of-concept system under conditions that would be encountered in the field-testing of the system. These predictions and the measurements made in the field are compared in Section 3.2. Although the model is fairly robust in its present state, it still requires further development. For example, it only considers the laser linewidth, but does not currently model additional noise from the laser source due to wavelength instability. The instrument is robust against other noise sources from the laser such as relative intensity noise due to the lock-in amplifier approach rejecting noise outside of the frequency bandwidth of the lock-in.
The LAnTeRN proof-of-concept instrument is composed of two assemblies, the transmitter (Tx) and the receiver (Rx). The construction of each is very similar, consisting of a rigid plastic enclosure with an attached mast pole. The mast pole is topped with Tx/Rx optics and Wi-Fi antennas.
The system block diagram is shown in
The Tx combined signal is sent toward the Rx from a simple open fiber as a broad-angle beam. Using a wider beam angle minimizes the aiming accuracy required. After passing through the atmosphere the light is received by the Rx, which has a field-of-view approximately equal to that of the Tx.
Using commercial optics and a narrow-band optical filter (BPF), the Rx focuses the signal on an InGaAs detector whose electrical output is then amplified and filtered. The Rx processor digitizes the amplified signal, decodes the digitized signal using a lock-in function with a stable frequency reference, and saves the resulting output data from the lock-in to file.
Both Tx/Rx, shown in
The LAnTeRN transmitter software was designed to control the laser wavelengths, the modulation intensity, and the modulation frequency while monitoring the wavelength of the online laser and controlling the relative intensity of the modulated laser signals. An algorithm was developed to actively maintain a fixed ratio of transmitted optical power between the two laser wavelengths in order to avoid introducing transmitter fluctuations into the received signal and to allow the receiver to operate without direct communication with the transmitter. In the case where the transmitter and receiver are co-located, the transmitter fluctuations can be divided out of the received signal using the transmitted beam as a reference. When the transmitter and receiver are separated, the software must maintain a fixed, known transmitted ratio of online to offline laser power. The latter case does introduce some noise in the system and limits the SNR that can be achieved. This limitation is discussed further in Section 3.
The receiver processor software utilizes a digital lock-in processing algorithm that allows for very long lock-in integration times. One challenge of long-integration lock-in processing is saving the high-sample-rate data for the duration of the lock-in period. The LAnTeRN receiver software overcomes this necessity with a near-real-time continuous lock-in algorithm that allows integration times of hours without using large blocks of memory. This capability, coupled with the stability of the frequency standards, allows the LAnTeRN system to make measurements at extremely low signal levels. The receiver software also provides a way to calibrate the system over a short transmission path to remove any frequency dependencies in the signal chain that would otherwise bias the measurement.
Ongoing testing was performed throughout the entire system development process, starting in the laboratory and ending in the field. First, bench testing in the laboratory confirmed that the high-accuracy frequency standards could be used to synchronize the transmitter and receiver precisely enough to allow a high-precision measurement to be made with the transmitter and receiver operating remote from each other. This was done in an electrical loopback setup, where the transmitter electrical modulation signals were routed to the receiver analog-to-digital converter. With high-accuracy clock generators to synchronize the transmitter and receiver, the system proved to be time-stable at integration times of more than one hour.
The electrical loopback configuration was replaced with laser diodes, modulators, optics, and a detector and amplifier, using in-line fiber attenuators to reduce the transmitted power to the low levels expected in the field. In the absence of atmospheric interference, the system was able to achieve measurement SNRs of >1,000 at optical powers of tens of picoWatts and a lock-in averaging time of 60 s.
The next stage of testing used a gas cell and high-purity CO2 gas to measure the accuracy of the LAnTeRN proof-of-concept system. Due to equipment limitations, we were unable to measure the cell pressure, and consequently, the expected differential transmission, to the level of accuracy desired, but we were able to show ratio measurement accuracy to within a few percent of the expected ratio. The 22 m gas cell was filled with 99.996% pure CO2 gas at a variety of pressures ranging from 0 to 0.16 atmospheres. The combined-wavelength laser signal from the Tx was propagated through the cell and collected at the cell output by the Rx. Two pressure gauges were used to measure the CO2 gas pressure—one at the cell and one at the pump. The pump gauge is most accurate at very low pressures, and the cell gauge is most accurate at higher pressures, so the theoretical ("truth") ratios at intermediate pressures are the least accurate. The results of the gas cell test are shown in
The plots in
The LAnTeRN proof-of-concept system was taken to Exelis' outdoor test range, where it was set up and operated under a variety of conditions. The results of the field tests show that the system is measuring the differential transmission accurately to within about 0.5% relative to the model. The model used LBLRTM with a CO2 concentration of 380 ppm and the 1976 US standard atmosphere and temperature and pressure were taken from a local weather station. Until an absolute calibration can be performed, this level of performance verification is very good. The data also show the improvement in SNR that can be had by integrating (averaging) for longer periods of time.
The field tests also show that the system is capable of performing near the theoretical limits.
However, we believe the model under predicts the system SNR at low optical signal powers because it potentially underestimates the reduction of equivalent noise bandwidth resulting from the digital lock-in processing. This effect is not seen at higher return powers where atmospheric scintillation becomes the dominant noise term over the system electronic noise. Also note in the table that the model currently overestimates the SNR for the high signal and longer integration case. This is due to a limitation imposed by the transmitter's ability to maintain a fixed ratio of the transmitted beams. The current system and algorithm are only able to maintain that ratio to about one part in 1,000, ultimately setting the maximum SNR that can be achieved through averaging.
The LAnTeRN concept could potentially be deployed in a number of space- and ground-based applications to provide high-fidelity measurements of column GHG dry air mole fractions. The most notable space-based application is the continuous monitoring of GHGs at a network of sites spread over an extended region, e.g., Eastern/Western continental US or Western Europe, with a single transmitter in geosynchronous orbit, possibly as a hosted payload on a communications satellite. A conceptual diagram of this configuration is illustrated in
The LAnTeRN concept not only provides the potential for a novel, robust, low-cost approach for providing space-based measurements of GHG column dry air mole fractions (DAMF) at a number of fixed sites given a single transmitter located in geosynchronous orbit, it also can be used to provide a non-invasive method for autonomous and continuous monitoring of CO2 and other trace gas DAMF and time-varying fluxes over an extended field site, such as a carbon sequestration facility, hydraulic gas fracking field, or volcano. The LAnTeRN approach could also provide a long-term technique for monitoring GHG distributions over an extended urban area. This is achieved by combining a limited number of transmitters with a network of receivers located around the perimeter of the desired area or a limited number of transmitter/receiver modules and reflectors distributed around the perimeter of the area with a field model to construct two-dimensional estimates of GHG distributions and time-varying fluxes. The latter concept is illustrated in the idealized field shown in the left-hand panel of
The resulting along-path measurements alone can provide an estimate of localized field DAMF and could be used to detect and estimate time-varying changes in local GHG DAMF. They also can be combined with a two-dimensional estimation technique to model the time-varying distribution of GHGs in the field itself. An example is shown in the right-hand panel of
The reflector configuration depicted reduces the cost of this type of mapping operation and is well suited for some applications like carbon sequestration sites, but would be impacted by large aerosol concentrations in applications like volcano monitoring, due to partial path returns. However, several similar implementations are possible, for example using transmitter/receiver pairs in all four corners can enable direct transmission measurements over several transects in order to determine and correct for potential bias from intermediate scatter sources under those circumstances.
We have briefly described the theory, development, and demonstration of a new prototype instrument for measuring GHGs in the atmosphere. Several advantages over exiting methods for both ground-to-ground and space-to-ground have also been discussed. The LAnTeRN prototype instrument successfully demonstrated the potential for this open-path LAS measurement concept to provide high precision measurements over long path lengths, and at very low received power levels. The prototype measurements also served to validate a high-fidelity physics-based performance model that can be used to optimize future developments for specific applications. Further testing is planned for a detailed evaluation of instrument precision and accuracy. Other further developments will include locking rather than measuring the transmitter wavelengths, as would be required for a space-based approach, and building a more complete model by including other noise sources such as the laser stability and intensity fluctuations.
The instrument has a wide range of potential applications, which were only briefly touched on here. The range of applications spans ground-to-ground and space-to-ground implementations. The measurement capability compliments current ground-based
We would like to acknowledge Exelis management for their support of this prototype development and preparation of this manuscript. We would also like to thank our partners at Atmospheric and Environmental Research Inc. for their continued support in moving this measurement concept forward. Finally, we would like to thank Edward Browell (NASA Langley STARS-II Affiliate) for his inputs regarding pointing to improve instrument temporal resolution.
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Example of the transmitted signal amplitude for a combination of a three-wavelength system, using three distinct sinusoidal amplitude modulations, one for each wavelength.
An illustration of the lock-in amplifier's ability to reject broadband noise and to select frequencies that are outside of the larger 1/
Functional block diagram of the high-fidelity performance model developed to predict instrument performance of the LAnTeRN system.
Modeled spectral density of noise components and total noise from photodetector and transimpedance amplifier.
System block diagram of the prototype LAnTeRN system.
Images of the prototype transmitter (
Measured and theoretical differential transmission through a gas cell containing pure CO2.
Measurement SNR
Differential transmission measurement
Conceptual depiction of the LAnTeRN space-to-ground implementation. Ground receivers could be grouped around specific sites of interest such as cities, factories, farmlands, forests, or other scientifically important regions, and then relocated to another site. Alternatively, the receivers could be spaced across a wide geographical area, providing near-continuous coverage valuable for continental, regional, and local scale modeling.
Simulated two-dimensional retrieval of CO2 field concentrations. Left-hand panel illustrates example synthetic field, and right-hand panel demonstrates retrieved field distribution based on simulated integrated CO2 column measurements and least-squared fit algorithm. The red rays depict the LAnTeRN transmitter/receiver line-of-sight sample integration paths. In this example the two transmitters are locate in the lower corners of the simulated field.
Instrument specifications of the Laser Atmospheric Transmitter Receiver-Network (LAnTeRN) prototype transmitter and receiver.
|Exelis, Inc.
|First Model Completed
|December 2012
|Dimensions (Tx & Rx)
|52 × 81 × 30 cm, 132 cm mast
|Transmitter—38 kg (84.0 lbs.)
|Operating System
|Transmitter—500 kHz, 16 bits
|Receiver Front End
|TIA Circuit Gain—1E + 7 V/A
|Data Output
|Stored On Receiver
|Directional Wi-Fi
|Modulation Frequency
|Online—19.2 kHz
|Online—1,571.11190 nm
|Optical Transmit Power
|4 mW per Channel
|Transmitter—Bare Fiber, 9 μm, 0.14 NA
|Optical FOV
|Transmitter—8° Full Angle
|Receiver Optical Bandpass Filter
|2.4 nm FWHM
|Integration Time
|Adjustable up to at least 1 h
Gas cell CO2 pressures, and expected and measured absorption ratios for laser wavelengths used.
Field test results compared to performance model predictions.
|Received Power (pW)
|Ratio SNR (1 s lock-in)
|Ratio SNR (60 s lock-in)
|Differential Transmission
|680 m
|1.6 km


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Living History
5 years ago
Excerpts from the Nov. 4, 2004 Pioneer Journal
Habitat hands over house keys
Leaf River Area Habitat for Humanity handed over the keys to its 20th home in the last 10 years on Saturday in Wadena to the Luqman and Viyan Maii family at 304 Bryant Ave. S.E. The Maiis are immigrants from Kurdistan, but they feel at home in Wadena.
"All of my life I was running away," Luqman said. "Finally I was lucky enough to make it to the United States. I feel at home among you people -- thank you very much."
Businesses open in old bank
The McCullough brothers, of rural Wadena, opened TRX paintball business at 6 Bryant St. S.W. next door to their mom Cindy McCullough's new ScrapNook scrapbooking business that she opened with Kim Beiswenger at 123 S. Jefferson St.
10 years ago
Excerpts from the Nov. 4, 1999 Pioneer Journal
Tricking vs. treating
Although no culprits have been nabbed and no serious harm was done, the city of Wadena was plagued by pranksters over the Halloween holiday. It started on Oct. 26 when three pumpkins were taken from a yard on Garfield Avenue Southwest and smashed on the sidewalk and didn't end, so far, until Nov. 1. Pumpkin smashing was the thing to do, although a little toilet papering and egg throwing were also on the agenda.
Iraqi teacher brings a world of ideas to WDC
Wadena-Deer Creek students will gain first-hand insight into an Iraqi woman's culture through the school's participation in the Rural MN CEP Program. Viyan S. Hussein, a former Arabic high school teacher in Iraq, moved to the United States three years ago in a marriage opportunity to an Iraqi-American. The couple moved to Wadena last August. Hussein has been assisting Robert Saxton in his world languages classes as well as in Jean Weinzierl's fourth-grade class and Julie Karger's LD/EBD classes since September.
25 years ago
Excerpts from the Nov. 8, 1984 Pioneer Journal
Wadena County votes for Reagan
On the presidential ballot incumbent Ronald Reagan received 4,404 votes to Walter Mondale's 2,454 in Wadena County.
Our readers write: more humor, less gossip
Dear editor: I would like to know why you do not have a comic section in your paper? I feel you would get more readers if you had a comic section because more young people would be reading the paper. Also, I think it's nice to read something humorous and different instead of all the gossip found in your paper. Thank you for your time. Joe Gorghuber, Wadena
40 years ago
Excerpts from the Nov. 6, 1969 Pioneer Journal
Wadena leads state in per capita sales honors for years
Wadena merchants continue to lead in per capita retail sales in central and northern Minnesota, according to U.S. Department of Commerce retail trade census. Redwood Falls continues to rank second statewide. Wadena has been a perennial winner of per capita sales honors since Redwood Falls held that plume way back in 1937.
Hulting reported missing
Mr. and Mrs. Carl Hulting of this city have received word that their son, Bruce, a lieutenant in the Naval Air Corps, is listed missing in a plane over Puerto Rico.
Wadena buddies meet in Vietnam
While attending radar school near Wong Long, Vietnam, Pfc. Jack Witthuhn met his friend, Sp/4 Ray Rentz near Long Binh. Stationed nearby was another schoolmate, Pfc. Ronald Horn. The trio spent several hours discussing the many good times they had while home in Wadena and the ones they expect to have when back on the "block" or back in the "world" as they call it.
Do you want day care centers?
The Community Action Council in New York Mills is trying to find out what the needs are of low-income people in Otter Tail and Wadena counties and would like to know how people feel about day care centers. A day care center is a place where young children can be brought and cared for by competent people so that the mother can be free for work or training.
60 years ago
Excerpts from the Nov. 10, 1949 Pioneer Journal
Staples woman finds two-hearted chicken
There are some instances where "two hearts beat as one," but that is usually a case of love. Here is an entirely different story about two hearts beating as one. Mrs. Homer Green of Staples was cleaning chickens at her home and discovered that one of the chickens had two hearts. Both were perfectly formed with one exception. One was fastened to the liver, and this one had only one valve. The other was a perfect heart.
Mrs. Kicker has Hallowe'en fun, too
Our Town with the Editor said: We read and hear a lot about the kids on Hallowe'en night, so perhaps you'll be interested in the hilarity enjoyed by a certain adult in Wadena. She's Mrs. Bill Kicker. Kids coming to the Kicker home for twicks or tweats never know what they're going to meet -- an old witch dressed up to scare the daylights out of the unfamiliar ones -- or Mrs. Kicker dressed up to go with the kids on their rounds. Small of stature, Mrs. K has no trouble getting by as one of the kids. One of her prize costumes a couple of years ago, our spy reports, included a suit of man's winter underwear -- which she wore with the trap door swinging in the breeze!

subset: commoncrawl


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San Antonio Bicentennial Committee Records, 1971-1977 (b. 1974-1976)
Administrative History
The United States celebrated its 200th anniversary, its Bicentennial, on July 4, 1976. As part of the celebration, committees were set up at national, state, and municipal levels to plan Bicentennial celebration events across the country. These are the records created by the San Antonio Bicentennial Committee.
Scope and Content
The collection provides an overview of Bicentennial activities in the city of San Antonio during 1975 and 1976.
Unrestricted access.
Administrative Information
Preferred Citation
[Box #, Folder title], San Antonio Bicentennial Committee Records, 1971-1977, San Antonio Municipal Archives.
Processing Information
This collection was processed with financial assistance from the National Historical Publications and Records Commission.
Detailed Description of the Collection


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Rubs & Sauces
EAT Barbecue: Championship BBQ Rib Recipe
Posted by Jason on May 29, 2013
Ever since the EAT Barbecue sauces and rubs made their way into our warehouse last week, I've been anxious to give them a test run. Their arrival just happened to coincide with Memorial Day weekend, which also happened to be a rare off-weekend for our competition barbecue team, Burnt Finger BBQ. Since I'm always looking for reasons to fire up the smoker, we decided to use the long weekend to put the EAT Barbecue products to use and see how they perform first-hand.
The EAT Barbecue sauces and rubs are the product of Rod Gray, pitmaster for the Pellet Envy competition barbecue team. The team is comprised of Rod and his wife Sherri. The duo began competing in 2001, and since that time have managed to rack up an astronomical 50+ Grand Championships. Pellet Envy has spent 10 straight years as a
The Monthly Rubdown: C-Dub's BBQ
Posted by Jason on March 28, 2011
When thinking of Seattle, BBQ normally isn't the first thing that comes to mind. Most people probably conjure up images of Starbucks coffee, rainy afternoons, or an endless crowd of grungy flannel shirts. While each of those have certainly cemented their place in the city's ever changing pop-culture, we've got our taste buds locked on a new line of BBQ rub that's looking to re-brand the upper Northwest as the new BBQ hotbed.
The Monthly Rubdown: Pork Barrel BBQ
Posted by Jason on March 21, 2011
Issuing a proclamation of "monumental flavor" is a tall order for any product to live up to. Only a brand hailing from our nation's capital that's been produced and distributed by ex-politicians would issue such a promise to the citizens of the United States. Luckily these politicians are originally from Missouri, so they've got a true barbecue agenda that can't be swayed by lobbyist kickbacks or political bribery. We've been sampling their products for a few weeks now, and we can confidently confirm that you can take these politicians for their word with their Pork Barrel BBQ products!
Barbecue & Grilling 2011 Readers' Choice Awards
Posted by Jason on March 8, 2011
Every year About.com conducts their Readers' Choice Awards to showcase the best products, features and services across a multitude of categories. A few months back they invited their readers to nominate their favorite barbecue related products, and we're thrilled to announce that our own line of Burnt Finger BBQ products were picked as finalists in both the barbecue sauce and barbecue rub categories. It's an honor to be recognized as one of the top products in the country, but we still need a little help from you to bring home the title of "Best of the Best"!
The Monthly Rubdown: Smoke on Wheels
Posted by Jason on February 28, 2011
Do you every wonder what the elite competition barbecue teams are doing to consistently put themselves in the winner's circle? Well, every so often one of these teams will let that secret out to the masses by coming to market with a new and innovative barbecue product. It just so happens that we've got the inside track on the first shipment of a brand new competition marinade and injection that's sure to shake up the circuit this year. Plus it never hurts that it was developed by the team responsible for bringing home the 2010 Jack Daniels Pork Championship, 2009 New York "Empire State" Grand Champion, 2009 5th place KCBS Team of the Year, 2008 American Royal Reserve Grand Champion, and boat load of every other barbecue award you could ever imagine!
The Monthly Rubdown: Bacon Hot Sauce
Posted by Jason on February 24, 2011
Have you ever thought to yourself, "This (insert food here) would taste so much better with bacon and hot sauce"? I know that's something that runs through my head daily. If there are two things in this world that can something better (check that…3 things, because BBQ Makes Everything Better), it's bacon and hot sauce. Many times over I have put both of these on sandwiches, soups, salads, steaks, pork chops, chicken, eggs….this list goes on. In fact, this morning for breakfast I had a breakfast burrito with bacon and hot sauce, for lunch I had a turkey club sandwich with bacon and hot sauce, and for dinner…well, I had boneless buffalo wings, but they definitely would have been better if I had wrapped them in bacon. Point being here, how could Bacon Mania not yield a product that combines both of these
The Monthly Rubdown: Three Little Pigs All-Natural Sauce
Posted by Jason on July 30, 2010
As we round out our week long rendition of The Monthly Rubdown, you didn't really think we'd showcase a line of all-natural seasonings without offering up a selection of sauces to go with it? Lucky for us, Three Little Pigs also have a complimentary line of all-natural BBQ sauces to pair with their tasty all-natural seasonings. If you're a fan of their ever-popular Competition Sauce, then you'll be happy to learn that each of these all-natural sauces were derived from that very recipe.
The Monthly Rubdown: Three Little Pigs All-Natural Rub
Posted by Jason on July 29, 2010
We're heading down the home stretch of our Rubdown Marathon, and this time we bringing you a line of BBQ rubs designed for the health-conscious cooker, or the barbecue fan with special dietary needs. No longer does the terror of ingesting MSG or Gluten rich products have to loom around your barbecue grill, because these seasonings are free of both and are made from 100% all-natural ingredients. Plus it doesn't hurt that they were developed by one of the most famous and well-known barbecue chefs to grace the competition circuit.
The Monthly Rubdown: Firebug Sauces
Posted by Jason on July 28, 2010
Hump Day brings us another round of The Monthly Rubdown, and this time we're showcasing a new fruit based barbecue sauce that's been making some waves on the competition circuit. Within it's first year on the market Firebug Sauce has earned 3rd Place honors in the American Royal specialty category, 1st Place in the Great American BBQ hot category, 2nd Place in the Great American BBQ hot baste category, and 3rd Place in the Great American BBQ mild baste category.
The Monthly Rubdown: Plowboys Jerk Seasoning
Posted by Jason on July 27, 2010
Day 2 of the Rubdown Marathon brings you a new flavor from a competition BBQ team that's coming off of a 2009 dream season. Not only did this team rack up a whole truck load of Grand Championships, but one of those just happened to be the prestigious American Royal Invitational in Kansas City. Their Yardbird and Bovine Bold Rubs are well established favorites among competition cooks throughout the entire country, and now they're rolling out a brand new seasoning for those of you who like things hot!


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Get Your Dog Care Questions Answered by Experts
Dogs like a little variety and they know the value of adding some greens to their diets. They are actually omnivores which means they eat meat and vegetation..not to mention kibble from any available cat bowl, table scraps from the kitchen garbage can, and all sorts of other things at which humans turn up their noses.
Some dogs frequently eat grass and don't throw up afterwards. They may simply like the taste and feel the need to add some roughage to their regular meals. This pertains more to those dogs who actually chew and swallow the grass blades thoroughly. Grass can also act as a healthful aid for dogs with upset stomachs who need to purge their systems. In that case, you might notice that they seem to almost gobble the grass without really chewing the blades. The prickly little stalks irritate their stomach linings and cause them to vomit.
Grass is fine for dogs when it is free of pesticides, lawn chemicals or other harmful substances. I recommend that you grow a container of grass for your dog to nibble on indoors or provide her with a patch of special greens in the backyard. You will be offering food that offers certain vitamins, minerals and fiber not found in the kibble in her food bowl. And don't forget to entice her taste buds by adding some cooked or raw veggies, such as green beans or carrots to his bowl from time to time too.
As for dog friendly weed killer...my favorite is simple bleach. Most times, dousing a weed with bleach will kill it, and won't hurt your dog.
I hope his helps.


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Bring big impact with styled details.
Your coupon will be applied to the highest regular-price, eligible item in your cart.
Offer good for one item at regular price only. Limit one coupon per customer per day. Must present coupon at time of purchase. Offer is not valid with any other coupon, discount or previous purchase. One cut or one bolt of fabric or trim "by the yard" equals one item. Online fabric & trim discount is limited to 10 yards, single cut. Excludes Heidi Swapp™ Minc.™ Foil Applicator, CRICUT® products, Gemini Machine™ Crafters Companion, Silhouette CAMEO® Machine, candy & snack products, gum & mints, helium tanks, gift cards, custom orders, special orders, labor, rentals or class fees. Cash Value 1/10¢.
Bring big impact with styled details.
Craftable accessories await your DIY prowess.
Comfy home additions are just stitches away.
Pages of patterns are just the beginning.
Say "I do" to creating wedding essentials.
Celebrate life in big ways and small.
Display-worthy art pieces coming right up.
Start to grow your needle-art skills.
We have what you need for the best summer.
Make it, wear it, share it - DIY jewelry.
Supplies for putting the "you" in unique.
There is nothing like a gorgeous display of greenery to add a punch of life to otherwise dull home decor. Green Baby's Breath Garland will look gorgeous draped over mantels, doorways, windows, tables and more for a full and bold look. Keep things looking natural without all the effort!
Send me an email when it's back in stock.
I love it! Add to wish list


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All Android applications categories
Play Guitar!
Learn Guitar In 7 Days FLAT
Learn the basics of how to play the guitar in 7 days. From music theory to playing popular songs. The goal is provide a solid foundation of understanding for the beginner guitarist. Topics covered over 7 days include:-
■DAY 1 – Fundamentals of Your Guitar Tuning Hand & Finger Basics Open Chords.
■DAY 2 – Major open chords, Minor open chords, Dominant 7th major chords, Major 7th open chords, Diminished chords Augmented chords.
■DAY 3 – Beginning Theory Major scales, Minor scales,Harmonic minor scales, Melodic minor scales.
■DAY 4 – Beginning Theory Cont. Key signature glossary, Notation & other music symbols.
■DAY 5 – Tablature.
■DAY 6 – CAGED system for barre chords, E & A Forms Power chords, Strumming Patterns.
■DAY 7 – Time to Play & Conclusion.
Learn Guitar In 7 Days FLAT
Note: If you desire to play guitar and you are just beginning to learn guitar then this guide may be of great help to you. Many people have wondered 'how do i play the guitar'. In most cases, when you learn how to play the guitar it is very challenging and most people give up on their dream to play guitar. It is important for you to know that playing the guitar is a lifetime experience. You will always be learning new things about the guitar the more you study guitar. So buckle in for the ride and one day soon someone may ask you 'how do you play guitar'.
Tags: learn guitar in 7 days , guitar flat learn , master the guitar in 7 days
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Lilly Patent Flower Tote Handbag
So what about the trendy gal in your life? What are you getting her this holiday season? Check out this super cute, super trendy patent leatherette handbag. It comes in four great colors, is simple and daring at the same time and costs less than $50!!! The Holidays are heating up my friends.
Super glossy. Super sexy. Super practical.Tags: fashion, winter, accessories, handbags, women, totes, patent, holiday, LeatheretteAdded 9 Years Ago from Handbagheaven


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E Payment Facility
E-Payment facility of Central Excise and Services Tax is a part of the e-Government initiatives. The issue of on-line payment of Central Excise and Service Tax through the internet portals of various banks had been under consideration. The system requirements, methodology and suggested process flow was developed, without having any implication of the existing procedure of the executive and accounting agencies of the Department, in 2004 and given to banks for suggesting the solutions. While most of the banks have intimated their acceptance of providing this option, and are developing the solutions at their IT Departments, 7 Banks have so far come up with the necessary software. These solutions meet the criteria laid down by the office of the Principal Chief Controller of Accounts, CBEC.
Assessees can visit the website www.aces.gov.in to get the latest information & circulars on e-payment.
For making e-payment , please visit www.nsdl.com
Banks allowed to accept e-payment for all Central Excise & Service Tax Commissionerates :-
1. Union Bank of India
2. State Bank of India
3. Punjab National Bank
4. Indian Overseas Bank
5. State bank of Travancore
6. Bank of India
7. Corporation Bank
8. State Bank of Saurashtra
9. Indian Bank
10. State Bank of Patiala
11. State Bank of Hyderabad
12. Syndicate Bank
13. State Bank of Bikaner & Jaipur
14. Vijaya Bank
15. State Bank of Indore
16. Bank of Maharashytra
17. Canara bank
18. State Bank of Mysore
19. United Bank of India
20. Bank of Baroda
21. Dena Bank
22. UCO Bank
23. Allahabad Bank
24. Central Bank of India
The internet banking option provided by the banks for payment of Central Excise and Service Tax mainly consist of the following:
· Customer of any of the core banking branches of the bank.
· A tax payer who posseses 15 Digit Pan Based Assessee Code
· A customer having internet Banking id with the Bank.
Payment Timings
This is a 24 hour facility and such, customer can make the payment any time of the day.
All payments effected up to 8PM will be accounted for the day itself and all payments effected after 8PM will be accounted as next working day's receipt.
· Ease of operation and convenience.
· Facility is available 24 X 7 basis.
· One can pay on behalf of the firm, company and others.
· Online payment of taxes, no more queues and waiting.
· Filling of one single challan.
· Selection of appropriate duty type from drop down menu.
· Instant cyber receipts for payments made.
· Receipted copy of Challans at your door steps.


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Friday, August 17, 2001
Oregon author Ellen Howard, will present a writer's workshop at the Hood River County Library on Sept. 23, from 9 a.m. until 4 p.m.
Howard has written 15 books and several short stories for children and young adults. Her books have been translated into six foreign languages and have received numerous awards. Among Howard's awards are the Oregon Book Award, Parents' Choice Gold Award, International P.E.N. and the Golden Kite Honor Award.
The Smithsonian named "The Gate In The Wall" a Notable Book for Children in 1999, "Sister" was an American Library Association Notable Book for Children, "Her Own Song" and "Gate" were also Junior Library Guild Selections.
Howard and her husband live in Salem and she maintains a position as a faculty member of the MFA Program in Writing for Children at Norwich University in Vermont.
She also serves as a regional advisor of the Oregon and Michigan chapters of the Society of Children's Book Writers and Illustrators.
Pre-registration and the $35 fee are required for the workshop. Registration forms are now available at the Hood River County Library. The library will be closed from noon to 1 p.m. to allow for a lunch break.
More like this story
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Latest video:
Peter Marbach hurries to save his tent from the wind
Peter Marbach comes to the rescue of his wind blown tent. Enlarge


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Time Schedule:
Rene M Overney
Seattle Campus
Topics of current interest in the field. Subject matter changes from quarter to quarter.
Class description
The course provides an introduction to nanotechnology and nanoscience based on fundamental principles. It introduces the students to macroscopic limits of material properties and molecular structures, interaction forces, molecular transport properties, thermodynamic principles, cooperative and nanoscale phenomena, and device and process technologies.
Student learning goals
learn about theories and concepts of nanoscale systems based on fundamental principle
gain an appreciation for the importance of nanotechnology in science and engineering
hear about the basics for continuing education in molecular and nanoscale science and engineering
obtain awareness of the technological and societal transformation anticipated through nanotechnological progress in the near future
General method of instruction
Lecture course with weekly homework and exams (2 midterms one final)
Recommended preparation
Prerequisites: Either CHEM 142 or CHEM 145; either MATH 126, MATH 129, or MATH 136; and PHYS 121
Class assignments and grading
See "general method of instructions".
Homework: 10% 2 Midterm Exams: 50% 1 Final Examination: 40%


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Just an FYI: We're giving away 10 copies of Book of Happenstance via GoodReads. If you're interested in getting in on the action, just follow the directions below.
Giveaway ends May 15, 2011.
See the giveaway details at Goodreads.
The thing about Class is that I don't know what the hell to think about it, yet I can't stop thinking about it. I'll begin by dispensing with the usual info that one may want to know when considering adding. . .
To be, or not to be?
Hamlet's enduring question is one that Szilárd Borbély, acclaimed Hungarian poet, verse-playwright, librettist, essayist, literary critic, short-story writer, and, finally, novelist, answered sadly in the negative, through his suicide in 2014, at the. . .
A Greater Music is the first in a line of steady and much-anticipated releases by Bae Suah from key indie presses (this one published by Open Letter). Building off of the interest of 2016 Best Translated Book Award longlist nominee. . .
The dislocation of individuals from the countries of their birth has long been a common theme in contemporary literature. These two short novels recently translated into English appear firmly rooted in this tradition of ex-pat literature, but their authors eschew. . .
In Melancholy, Hungarian author, critic, and art theorist László Földényi presents a panorama of more than two thousand years of Western historical and cultural perspectives on the human condition known as melancholia. In nine chapters, Földényi contrasts the hero worship. . .
Pascal Quignard's __The Hatred of Music_ is the densest, most arcane, most complex book I've read in ages. It's also a book that covers a topic so basic, so universal—almost primordial—that just about any reader will be perversely thrilled by. . .
In Gustave Flaubert's Madame Bovary, Flaubert attempted to highlight the ordinary, tired, and often crass nature of common expressions by italicising them within the text. When Charles, Emma Bovary's mediocre husband, expresses himself in a manner akin to that of. . .
Eliot Weinberger takes big strides across literary history in his genuinely breathtaking short work, 19 Ways of Looking at Wang Wei, tracking translations of a short ancient Chinese poem from the publication of Ezra Pound's Cathay in 1915 to Gary. . .
Prose translators will likely disagree, but I believe translating poetry requires a significant level of talent, a commitment to the text, and near mania, all of which suggests that the undertaking is the greatest possible challenge. The task is to. . .
The biggest issues with books like The Subsidiary often have to do with their underpinnings—when we learn that Georges Perec wrote La Disparition without once using the letter E, we are impressed. Imagine such a task! It takes a high. . .


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No announcement yet.
Sugar Tax?
new posts
http://cattaillady.com/ My blog exploring the beginning stages of learning how to homestead. With the occasional rant.
Originally Posted by TheFastCat: Less is more more or less
And now I have an Etsy store: CattailsandCalendula
Originally posted by magnolia1973 View PostHonestly, the waitress at Waffle House who when you say "I don't eat wheat" and offers rye or white is just a simple misunderstanding. Whole wheat, white and whole grain bread are all different in terms of flavor/texture. Next time try "I don't eat any bread" if someone offers you toast. I've never had a waitress not get the picture if I say I don't want toast or a biscuit. And I don't know, if you ever worked in food service, you know that some person said "I don't eat wheat" and meant they wanted white or rye toast. I don't think 4 types of bread are a conspiracy, it's just the bakery catering to the unique choices people make. I don't think having whole wheat, wheat, white and multigrain is anything more than the same desire to accomodate consumer choice that we have in say, the automotive industry.
There is nothing so basic as the idea that flour is made into baked goods. It is not a highly advanced concept privy to those with advanced education if I learned it in the third grade.
Of course, since it is safe to assume that nobody in food service understands a thing about what gluten-free people want, the conversation would hardly start and end with, "I can't eat wheat," on the part of such a diner. And since as far as I know there's nothing safe to eat at Waffle House, you'd never catch me in one.Last edited by eKatherine; 06-07-2013, 03:32 PM.
Green Deane
Originally posted by eKatherine View PostIt is not the proper function of the government to deliberately mislead people on nutrition because you want millions of them to die.
Originally posted by Green Deane View Postekaterine: You consistently grossly misstate and misrepresent what I clearly and concisely write. You either have a severe comprehension problem or are maliciously antagonistic. Perhaps both. Either way this will be my last post because life is too short to waste my time on your juvenile posts. I do not want millions of people to die. I never said nor implied said. Conversely neither do I want to government to control peoples' diet. That is not the function of government. I am for freedom and personal responsibility. A person should be free to eat as badly as he or she chooses. They should also be equally responsible for the consequences of eating badly. There are very few things the government does well. Putting it in charge of nutrition would be yet one more mistake.
People who do not have access to the same information as we do cannot make informed decisions. Yet you think they should be held to blame and punished for doing the best they could under the circumstances.
Originally posted by eKatherine View PostExcuse me for interpreting what you say literally instead of perceiving the subtext.
People who do not have access to the same information as we do cannot make informed decisions. Yet you think they should be held to blame and punished for doing the best they could under the circumstances.| My (food) Blog | Follow me on Facebook | Pinterest | Twitter |
�It does not take a majority to prevail, but rather an irate, tireless minority, keen on setting brushfires of freedom in the minds of men.� - Samuel Adams
Mine has mostly come from discovering other people's research (MDA, etc). A lot of the foundation is based in wondering on what I've been told, though. I think I may have mentioned that, as a kid, I could not understand how wheat was the basis of our diet. This question was founded in efficiency - I questioned how on earth we would go and evolve to have most of our diet based in something so disperse (visit an overgrown field sometime, where the grass is going to seed and spend some).
So how I arrived here has been varied.
Just started reading "Pure, White and Deadly" by John Yudkin. Yudkin is the guy who said sugar was bad news a long time ago, and everyone told him to shut up. I can already tell it's going to be good from pg7...
"If only a small fraction of what is already know about the effect of sugar were to be revealed in relation to any other material used as a food additive, that material would promptly be banned."
And yet, apparently a lot of people even on a paleo forum are fine with it. Interesting.Last edited by KimchiNinja; 06-12-2013, 12:53 AM.
i'm a grown up, if i want to inject sugar syrup straight into my vein that's my businessbeautiful
yeah you are
Baby if you time travel back far enough you can avoid that work because the dust won't be there. You're too pretty to be working that hard.
But what about children?
A child naturally thinks if society put it there it must be okay, cause they wouldn't put it there and let kids eat it if it were truly deadly. Would they?
i don't have kids so your arguments do not affect mebeautiful
yeah you are
Baby if you time travel back far enough you can avoid that work because the dust won't be there. You're too pretty to be working that hard.
Honestly this sort of thing makes me pretty angry. They have no idea what is and what isn't really good for us in the longterm. Yes, I know we believe this stuff is bad, but we used to think that saturated fat was bad and that artificial sweeteners and margarine was the way to go. Not that I ever did that, just hated both. Research seems to point at different things everyday and what works for one person just doesn't work for another.Started Primal June 2012 at 148.5lbs, and 5' 1", reached goal weight in 5 months.
Lowest weight 93lbs - too thin. Now stable at around 100lbs much better weight for me at my age.
Primal, minus eggs, dairy and a myriad of other allergens.
Originally posted by KimchiNinja View PostI don't have kids either, just pointing out that kids exist.beautiful
yeah you are
Baby if you time travel back far enough you can avoid that work because the dust won't be there. You're too pretty to be working that hard.


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South Wales newest and in our opinion BEST self storage provider, whatever your storage needs contact us for out expert advice.
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text:
Service/Repair preferences
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Registered User
Join Date: Sep 2009
Location: Columbus Ohio
Posts: 8
My Ride: 00 323CI
View My Garage
As a first time e46 and BMW owner Ive been greatly happy with the amount of work ive been able to do myself. Ive done mostly pm stuff, rear struts strut mounts brakes disks plugs fuel filter and have been impressed with how easy it has been. I have found some things to be less of a hassle to take to the dealer. I have a extended warranty that has come in handy. Had a 1300 bill when they told me a "wheel bearing locked up" causing it to take out the caliper and brakes. Well here to find out the caliper locked up. I was pissed because I could have done all of that myself. Needless to say I no longer go to Kelly BMW Columbus Ohio and now go to MAG BMW and really watch what they say. I let them find the problems then I go and fix it for a fraction. Had dealer do auto tranny fluid at 75k while under warranty incase it stopped working i could blame them and use the warranty for a new tranny
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Two Manchester policemen in court accused of giving false evidence during EDL and UAF protest
Two policemen accused of giving false evidence about an English Defence League and Unite Against Fascism march in Bolton appeared in court today.
The Greater Manchester Police serving officers Inspector Robert Cantrell and Constable Alan Glover are on trial charged with perverting the course of justice.
The pair are suspected of giving untruthful evidence that led to the arrest of a man during the protest in March 2010.
The man was charged with a public order offence during the EDL and UAF's march.
Both officers appeared in York Crown Court to give their names and dates of birth – they will appear again on September 17.
Via Nationalist Media Network


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Can anyone tell me why this isn't a research grade identification? I have other ID's that only have the genus, we have this down to the correct species, three people agree.
My guess is because ryanubrown's idntified it the species level. And the system considers this a a discrepancy.
Tigran's correct, its now research grade because >50% of the community now agrees with the owner (expand Data Quality Assessment to the right) but its still counting ryanubrown's ID as a 'disagree'. There might be a better way for the system to deal with this, but its ambiguous in cases like this whether ryanubrown is saying 'I agree to species but I'm not sure beyond that' or if he's saying 'you're wrong about the subspecies so I disagree with those IDs'. What would be the best way for the system to deal with this?
We could just call Loarie to tip the scales, or maybe the research grade assessment should ignore the ssp identification, and just use the species Identifier.
In other words, it would still be research grade, even if the ssp. identification is wrong, and TT was arguing that we had misidentified the subspecies, it still would qualify as research grade, as long as the species matches.


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SIGG Sportbottle
The Sigg company keeps coming up with more and more fabulous, fun designs! This one in blue and green called the Earth Sigg Water Bottle is really big, like 33 oz. big! By filtering my own water and filling up a Sigg instead of purchasing water in a plastic bottle, I'm not only saving myself money, I'm helping to save the environment!
Love can be as fleeting as the brilliant colors of a setting sun, but it is heaven while it lasts. Keep the sunset close at heart with this glowing teller of time.Tags: watches, plastic, red, stainless steel, la mer, urbanoutfitters, sunset, Valentines, Valentine'sAdded 7 Years Ago from Urban Outfitters


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The Private Life of Chairman Mao (Paperback)
Not On Our Shelves—Ships in 1-5 Days
From 1954 until Mao Zedong's death 22 years later. Dr. Li Zhisui was the Chinese ruler's personal physician. For most of these years, Mao was in excellent health; thus he and the doctor had time to discuss political and personal matters. Dr. Li recorded many of these conversations in his diaries, as well as in his memory. In this book, Dr. Li vividly reconstructs his extraordinary time with Chairman Mao. of illustrations.


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Hypomelanistic Bull Snakes
Pituophis melanoleucus sayi
Original Male Bull
Ultra Hypo Bull Snake
The story behind these is kind of neat. Over the years in working with the Trumbower lines of bulls, when we were working with some of the different hets for this and that. We noticed that every once in a while rather unexpectedly we would get a T + looking little guy. I think over the years we have probably seen 6 or 8 of them. In any case in 2004 I decided to keep one and raise him up to see what it would look like as an adult. He matured into albino looking snake with all the yellows and reds of an albino, but with black eyes. In 2007 he was old enough to breed and I bred him to two huge female normal's that were het for albino expecting to get het's. Not the case we got 17 eggs and 11 of them were like the above pictured animal. Black eyes and this ultra hypo look. As they mature they are getting more and more yellow. I kept most of them and will use them in future breeding tests to determine exactly what we have here. I think it is a new gene, but only time will tell. I will sell a few to other folks that are interested in working with the breeding test that are needed.
Males - 350.00 ea.
Females - 300.00 ea.


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Jessica Simpson Hates Her Baby
While you'd just assume the appetizer menu at Chili's would be her greatest inspiration, Jessica Simpson will not be naming her unborn daughter Southwestern Eggrollesandra, but instead something that sounds exactly like a protective shield for when a woman's uterus makes her a blight in the eyes of the Almighty. [Paid for by Rick Santroum: Stopping periods by making sure you sluts stay pregnant.] Via InTouch Weekly:
"They're going to call her Maxwell, Maxi for short," the friend says. Maxwell is Eric's middle name, and also his beloved grandma's maiden name. "Jessica wanted a name with meaning."
Granted, this kid is light years more well-off than the furry shart Snooki will bring into the world, it's still kind of sad she'll have parents who openly admit they can't stop constantly having marathon fat sex long enough to realize they just named their kid after a panty liner. "Hey, wait, doesn't Maxi also mean- Oh, wow, you're putting barbecue sauce on my penis. Go, GO. Keep doing that."
Photos: INFdaily


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Pena's - Closed
Santa Ana, CA 92701
- Daily 9am-9pm
- $
- Kid Friendly, Takeout, Wheelchair accessible
- Dinner, Lunch
- No Alcohol
- Parking Lot Available
- Reservations Not Accepted
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Sign up for our weekly guide to events in Orange County, and never be bored again. With suggestions for every day of the week, our recommendations will keep you busy on any budget.
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[This Hole-in-the-Wall Life] The Best Pork Since Bacon
Thursday, January 31, 2008 at 3 p.m.
PEÑA'S RESTAURANT in Santa Ana has a large menu with all the Mexican food a native Southern Californian ever needs—tacos, enchiladas, burritos, carne asada. I've never tasted these platters at Peña's, nor do I pl...
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Warning: These wiki pages have not been edited in years and may well be out of date/inaccurate. We recommend that you use them as a starting point for further investigation, rather than gospel.
Ultra Edit is just a very cool text editor from ICM. It has unlimited coding support. Go and see http://www.ultraedit.com/
See also EditPlus and TextPad for other popular Win32 text editors.


text:
Margaret Masci, LCSW
Licensed Clinical Social Worker, Hypnotherapist
Wellspring Counseling of the Finger Lakes 8732 Main St. , Honeoye, New York 14471
While the word "psychotherapy" can sound a little technical, it is simply counseling that is used to assist you in living a better life. Whether it be about yourself, your relationships or your future goals, by clarifying what you want and need, and then how to get it, you are on your way toward realizing your dreams. Use of relaxation, mindfulness, clinical hypnosis or other strategies that provide paths toward wholeness. Now is the time. All it takes is a call. Go to www.wellspringcounselingfl.com. to learn more. Have you tried therapy in the past and was left feeling incomplete? I encourage you to try again. I hope to hear from you soon.
Kavitha Finnity, Ph.D.
Licensed Clinical Psychologist
440 White Spruce Blvd., Rochester, New York 14623
If you are feeling sad, empty, dissatisfied or angry, you do not have to deal with these feelings alone. Using solution focused and cognitive behavioral therapy, we will work together as a team to help you gain insight and learn to manage and overcome negative thoughts and emotions that have been overwhelming you. We will focus on solutions which will lead to positive change and help you to achieve your goals. I provide both short term and long term therapy depending on your preference and needs.


text:
Kavcon Engineers Pvt Ltd,
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Bangalore 560 074
Contact Persons:
Trilok Chopra Mobile No. 9845739225
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contact no: 080-28437250, 080-28437340
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It will be our pleasure to serve your esteemed organization and to strengthen business relationships. Please fill the form with details of your requirement. We assure you of our best services always and we shall get back to you soon


text:
Ray Stevenson Joins G.I. Joe 2
He'll be Firefly
He hasn't always had the best of luck with his genre roles – take Punisher: War Zone and Cirque du Freak, for example – but Ray Stevenson has found success recently with his performance as Volstagg in Thor. Now he's scored another big film, signing on to play one of the big villains in G.I. Joe 2: Cobra Strikes.
Firefly, for those who have never read his bio, is a master saboteur, a ninja and a demolitions expert, and while he's unlikely to be the brains behind the operation, chances are this Cobra type will cause plenty of trouble for our heroes.
The line-up so far includes returning Joe veterans Channing Tatum and Ray Park, alongside new recruits Dwayne Johnson, Adrianne Palicki, Elodie Yung, DJ Cotrona and RZA.
John M Chu, still best known for directing a couple of the Step Up entries and Justin Bieber: Never Say Neve**r, **will stretch his skills to blow things up with the film, kicking off filming later this summer for a release date currently set for sometime in August next year.
Stevenson, meanwhile, will next crop up in Paul WS Anderson's The Three Musketeers, which finds him playing Porthos. He's also won a role in Billy Bob Thornton's next directing job, Jayne Mansfield's Car.


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"Yeah, it's been really fast-paced," says Casey James in a slow Southern drawl. The Texan opened for pop-country superstars Sugarland in March, is recording an album that will be out later this year and is booked to appear at the CMA Music Fest June 9-12.
"My intention was always to go into country music, not traditional country but doing what I do. It's a good fit," says Casey, 29, who wooed American Idol audiences with his long blond hair and guitar skills. And the popular Sugarland is the perfect place to see country in action: "Nobody's dishing out advice, more just chilling and hanging out, vibing. Watching their shows is like getting advice. You learn all you can from every situation."
Since last summer's American Idols Live tour, Casey signed with Sony Nashville, moved to Music City, has been collecting and writing songs for his album, has held auditions for a band, has done radio visits and played shows. "It's been crazy," he says.
He's writing most of the songs on the album and plans to play guitar on every song. "I'm going to be myself, do acoustic music and slow ballads but also rock out with the guitar and do bluesy stuff, all wrapped into one."
The seasoned musician (USA TODAY's Brian Mansfield called him "the best guitar player the show has seen") communicates with fans while touring and via Twitter. He reads an excerpt of a fan letter: "'There's a lot of beautiful people in the world but you have a beautiful soul.' Stuff like that is always great to read, just fans being really, really nice."
Casey says his personal life is quiet. "Nope, no girlfriend," he says. "When I'm not doing this craziness I just kind of relax at the house with my dogs (basset hounds Daisy May and Buster Douglas), and I like to read -- I haven't gotten to do a lot of relaxing and reading, really -- but I pretty much take it easy."
Nashville-based Brian Mansfield began writing about music for USA TODAY in 1997 and took over Idol Chatter just before the start of Season 8. He co-authored Make Me a Star: Industry Insiders Reveal How to Make It in Music, and while he has never auditioned for American Idol, he did sing Boot Scootin' Boogie at Disney World's American Idol Experience the day the attraction opened (he lost). More about Brian | E-mail Brian


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Hey Moose, what about re-organizing (rewriting?) Codex:Tasks? I was thinking we should put some life into the Going-on page that was there somewhere too, as a Codex vol newsletter...
I'll avoid any obvious jokes regarding your hometown there :) Thanks for the welcome too! Just looking to help out around here :)
Note from NuclearMoose 18:29, 8 Jan 2005 (GMT)
Important: Please read and follow the Codex Guidelines before creating a new page.
After creating the new page, use [[Category:New_page_created]] at the bottom of the page, and it will be flagged for quality control and editing, if necessary.
Thank you for contributing to Codex!
In the process of writing up the Admin Panel stuff, I've created a few pages (subs of my user page) that I no longer need. I don't mean pages that are deprecated since the
User:MDAWaffe/An Idea Administration Panels development; those might be nice to keep around for a bit. I mean a few accidentals (typos in the page name - argh). Can I delete them myself somehow since their subs of my user page, or do I need to mark them rfd?
Thanks! --MDAWaffe 09:21, 12 Jan 2005 (GMT)
Hey Craig — saw your commit message on Template:merge-into. Here's how you use it:
{{merge-into|some other page like [[Main Page|this one]]}}
If you need any more info, don't hesitate to ask. :-)
—morganiq 11:34, 9 Jan 2005 (GMT)
Update by morganiq 11:45, 9 Jan 2005 (GMT): I also documented this in my post "Boilerplates & Maintenance Categories" (18 Dec 2004) on the Documentation mailing list, although I've since changed the template to a more logical name.
Is there a page where we can request for import into Codex old wiki pages that are particularly useful? There's the Codex:Notable_Forum_Posts page, but I couldn't find a similar Codex:Notable Old Wiki Pages. I ask because there are a couple features in the Admin panels I've never used, but are talked about on the old wiki: How To Blog By Email, for example. It'd be great if someone who knew what (she|he) was doing imported this into the new Codex, and, more importantly for my purposes, retooled it for 1.5.
Thanks for all your help. --MDAWaffe 03:40, 14 Jan 2005 (GMT)
First, my situation: Next in line in my Admin Panels project (thanks for all your suggestions, by the way) is Options -> Discussion. There is already a 1.2-centric page Discussion Options on the codex. I contributed a small 1.5 addition to it, but now there is another one to add (black listing). Furthermore, there is every reason to expect that new 1.5 specific updates will keep coming (to various SubPanels)
So, the question: How do I handle the situation? I see a few options:
The question is really, "To what extent will codex continue to support previous versions of WordPress? And, if that extent is non-zero, in what way do we support them?" If we keep 1.2.x (or earlier) documentation around (and I think we should), it should be made very clear that that's what it is, since 1.5 is, I assume, what we're really aiming for here. Should 1.2 stuff be kept as subpages (I know...) in 1.2/ or old_version/ or something?
What do you think? Perhaps this has all been considered and answered elsewhere - in which case, just tell me what to do :)
--MDAWaffe 08:32, 14 Jan 2005 (GMT)
RE: The Loop - Agreed, it needs some helpful howto-ing. I shall scoop The Loop into my task list. -Kaf 20:43, 14 Jan 2005 (GMT)
I'm give-or-take done with the Admin Panel docs. There's a couple things I couldn't write up due to lack of knowledge - and see #1.2 v. 1.5 Codex Protocol
:). I've noted on the pages themselves current bugs I believe to be relevant (though I'm biased, most were submitted by me). I was going to put up new page notices on them, but decided to see if there was anything you thought I should do first.
Ah yes, and it'd be nice to have a codex template saying something like "this document is part of the Administration Panel documentation".--MDAWaffe 03:43, 23 Jan 2005 (GMT)
Quick Question: How do I find out if anyone has responded to my questions on some of the codex pages that I'm editing or considering to edit? I can't find them in the history unless I've actually worked on them, or so I think. Any speedy way or just making myself a list and checking it twice? ;-)
Sorry to keep posting this in various spots, but the docs list... etc. Check out
USER:MDAWaffe/Pages Pages. If it get's into Codex, an appropriate name might be "Pages and Templates". --MDAWaffe 02:40, 6 Feb 2005 (GMT)
There was some work I wanted to do on the Codex but it kept dropping out, down, bang, so I hit the forums to see what was going on, since I'm pretty sure the overwhelming demand for downloads and info is causing trauma. I checked out the CSS section on the forums and it is going bonkers with people wanting to either design their own theme or tweak the one they find into infinity. Lots of CSS questions and problems.
I have a few articles I worked up on CSS issues, including troubleshooting, that should help. They are:
I've only had good comments and not much editing work, but this might really help people figure out a lot of their problems. We can edit and fix them as things come and go. I'm not pushing because they are mine, just because I see a lot of people going bonkers over the Themes and not having the information they need to figure out the problems they run into.
Thanks. Lorelle 00:56, 23 Feb 2005 (GMT)
I thought it was now a requirement that contributors to the Codex must register. That maybe true, but can we set it up in a way that "registration" creates a User page for them so we can find out who they are or...something? Or is that handled administratively and the regular contributors don't see that info? Just curious? Lorelle 00:18, 5 Mar 2005 (UTC)


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Red Onion Galettes
READY IN: 45mins
Recipe by pammyowl
To give these savory pastries a snap, sprinkle chopped anchovies on top before baking!
Top Review by Karen Elizabeth
Very easily prepared, and very tasty! Next time, I would make a larger quantity of smaller galettes, more like bite-size nibbles. I added a little sugar to the onions, and used fresh thyme from the garden. A very easily prepared and impressive little tart, I would happily recommend these. Made in loving memory of Pammy.
See Discussion:1 Review
Ingredients Nutrition
- 4 tablespoons olive oil
- 1 1⁄4 lbs red onions, sliced thin
- 1 garlic clove, crushed
- 2 tablespoons fresh thyme (or your favorite herb)
- 1⁄2 lb puff pastry
- 1 tablespoon tomato paste (sun dried, if you can find it)
- black pepper
Directions See How It's Made
- Heat 2 tablespoons of the the oil in a large pan. add onions and garlic. Cook for 15 to 20 minutes, covered, stirring occasionally. Add herbs.
- Heat oven to 425°F.
- Roll out the puff pastry, make 4 6" round circles, Transfer to a baking sheet lined with parchment paper. Crimp the edges as you would a pie crust. Refrigerate for 10 minutes.
- Mix the remaining oil with the sun dried tomato paste and brush over the pastry, leaving a 1/2 " border bare.
- Place the sauteed onion mixture on each round, grind the pepper over each, lots of it! Drizzle a bit more olive oil on each.
- Bake for 15 minutes, or until nicely browned.
- Serve hot, garnished with thyme sprigs.


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|16th September 2012, 08:58 AM
diyAudio Member
Join Date: Sep 2012
Unconventional speaker design - would this sound any good?
Hi there, I was directed onto this forum by a friend of mine who built a guitar cabinet a while back. He said you guys were really helpful.
Basically, as part of an object design class at uni, I'm making a speaker. Unfortunately, because we're being graded on our woodworking skills, a 'simple' speaker box isn't good enough. I'm trying to come up with an alternative speaker design, and this is what I've come up with. I'm new to making speakers but I've got a strong background in audio engineering so I know a little about acoustics.
Basically, the sides of the speaker box are loads of little bars connected at slight angles. The idea is to have the sound bounce away every which way, and never form a mode. I'd have the top, front and bottom panels made of a solid panel of MDF, and then cut up a long piece of MDF into a ton of bars, maybe 10x10x40mm. Then cut various angles at the end of these to join them together.
Do you think this will sound good, or should I totally scrap this and come up with a new idea? I can imagine getting the corners solid will be quite hard, but otherwise I think it should be reasonable.
|16th September 2012, 09:16 AM
diyAudio Moderator
You'll find that the length and angle of the blocks has to be a significant fraction of the wavelength to have much effect, so I doubt what you've shown will do much below midrange, but as a piece of industrial design I think that's really funky. I'd be tempted to use hardwood rather than MDF though as finishing will be much easier.
Rick: Oh Cliff / Sometimes it must be difficult not to feel as if / You really are a cliff / when fascists keep trying to push you over it! / Are they the lemmings / Or are you, Cliff? / Or are you Cliff?
|16th September 2012, 09:33 AM
diyAudio Member
Join Date: Sep 2012
I'm curious that you've suggested hardwood. I'm actually not allowed to use MDF at the university workshop for OHS reasons, but it seems to be so heavily encouraged everywhere I read that I thought I'd go with it anyway. What hardwood would you recommend?
|16th September 2012, 09:41 AM
diyAudio Moderator
I like MDF and use lots of it, but it is a pain to get a good finish on the "endgrain", lots of sealing and sanding required, and with your design that would get very fiddly very quickly. As for hardwoods, just about anything with a fairly tight and even grain should work well. I'd see what you can get hold of locally for a reasonable price and like the look of. You could even use a mixture of types and with a clear finish, get a very nice pattern.
Rick: Oh Cliff / Sometimes it must be difficult not to feel as if / You really are a cliff / when fascists keep trying to push you over it! / Are they the lemmings / Or are you, Cliff? / Or are you Cliff?
|16th September 2012, 09:48 AM
diyAudio Member
Join Date: Sep 2012
|16th September 2012, 10:27 AM
diyAudio Member
Join Date: Feb 2010
Location: in half space
You may find this useful:
QRD diffusers: Technical Overview
MDF is preferred over hardwoods by many for speakers because hardwoods tend to resonate, and in large panels they can warp or crack (if not humidified properly). With your construction method, however, that shouldn't be a problem, and I agree with pinkmouse hardwoods (or softwoods) would finish better.
|16th September 2012, 11:04 AM
Join Date: Feb 2003
Location: Jakarta
I believe that this is for Art & Design class (not Acoustics). I know that "functions" is always a criteria in object design. But may be your teacher wouldn't care much if the box design will improve anything at all? In speaker design, crossover is everything. You can find many expensive speakers with perfectly square box, showing the subjective importance of the box.
|16th September 2012, 12:07 PM
diyAudio Member
Join Date: Aug 2011
Location: Maryland USA
To me it looks like a lot of work - without much gain. Also far from a golden ratio, this looks to be to boxy.
It would next to impossible to finish with stain/paint would need a super thick coat of something. E.g. truck bedliner coating(s).
|16th September 2012, 12:18 PM
diyAudio Member
Join Date: Dec 2009
Location: Md
I like the art of it.
Now, a little about acoustics: It is not the flats of the sides that are the problem, it is the edge where the baffle meets the sides. The modes will be the sum of all distances to an edge. The small variations the offset blocks provide won't sum much different from just an offset driver. I am making the assumption you will recess the baffle so the blocks form the edge. It looks cool, but will work no different from a sharp edge box and may actually be worse. For practicality, ( that design part) it will be fragile with all those sharp edges to bet bumped. MDF is very soft.
The plain truth is, a sphere is the correct shape. Any edge is bad. I have seen so many spheres where they cause the driver frame to stick out and the result is horrible, it is pathetic. For practical design, a box with 3/4 to 1 inch radius works quite well. For art and design, not so great. The magic is industrial design where art, design and engineering meet.
I half way agree with Jay. The crossover is the most important part. But, I disagree in that my last three builds confirmed how important baffle design is. I was surprised to find that rounding over all 12 edges was an improvement from the front four by quite a bit.
You sure can find many expensive speakers with square edges. Expensive and good have no relationship. You will find the good speakers all deal with diffraction.
BTW, it looks like you just picked dimensions and driver positions by eye. Download "The Edge" free software to see how varying the dimensions and positions change the diffraction. When getting into crossover design, you will find the closer the tweeter is to the woofer, usually the better.
Back to the art. Keeping with the blocks, why are you just building a box? Think about some wavy irregular sensuous shapes. Don't worry too much about sealing the insides, you can always line it with recycled cloth saturated with glue, tar, resin, anything that meets the class requirements.
Keep us posted.
|16th September 2012, 12:21 PM
diyAudio Member
Join Date: Dec 2003
Location: Randers, Denmark
This one is in danish but with lots of pictures. It's beautifull and requires some woodworking skills.
HIFI4ALL Forum: Mine små nye babyer
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About Endicott
Endicott Comm Inc was established in October of 2007. We are supported by developers who are committed to the Answering Service and Contact Center industry and to delivering what we promise. The purchase of smaller answering services comprises the company that Endicott has become. Along with the answering service came the expertise of the managers with many combined years of service expertise. Client referrals as a result of quality, and our company energy are among our proudest claims. Endicott believes in maintaining the expectations of our clients and providing the robust service expected in this day and age of technology. Since 2007 locations have been remodeled and technically advanced.
Our management team is comprised of individuals with years of experience in managing customer service oriented requirements. Our flat management structure allows for fast and effective decision-making that ensures a timely response to any requested adjustments in service, answers to questions, and problem solution.
Medical Clients
Endicott and its family of service centers are all HIPAA Compliant and re-certified annually. In addition, all staff members are required to participate in a HIPAA training program and are re-certified annually.
Customer Service
Our agents are required to complete a rigorous in-house training program which includes telephone etiquette, problem resolution and escalation, while conforming to client-based instructions regarding how phone and other client interactions are to be delivered and managed.
Sales & Marketing
Our experienced and knowledgeable sales staff will assist you in developing tailored communications and customer support solutions that are specific to you requirements.
Working in concert with the service center that form Endicott, we bring deep levels of Answering Services and Contact Center Services experience to our clients. Endicott's approach is to provide a client specific solutions that incorporate the right mix of people and technology to ensure the highest level of service.
Our technical staff has experience in all facets of telecommunications including telephone, paging, cellular, two-way radio, videoconferencing, internet, application integration, and networking. The technical staff is available 24/7 to ensure rapid problem resolution.


text:
Have a Tax Question? Ask a Tax Expert
Hi & thanks for using our service. I'll do my best to give you a complete & accurate answer. Please ask me to clarify anything you don't understand.
You need to call the IRS and tell them you didn't sign the 2008 return, it was filed without your knowledge; you weren't required to file a return in 2008 as you had no income & make sure you get the IRS' employees name (they use fake name but it doesn't matter), their badge number, their location, & the date & time you called. You should ask them to make a note on your file that you called to inform them of this situation & then you need to follow-up with a letter confirming the conversation, giving the date of your divorce, (it doesn't matter if it was after the joint return was filed) and requesting that you be removed from your ex-husbands account.
Initially, the employee may ask you to fill out an "innocent spouse" request or statement, but that isn't appropriate in the circumstances because you didn't file a joint return with husband (even though they think you did).
There's really nothing else you can do to get the ball rolling. Of course, they aren't going to be too happy with your ex-husband, if that matters to you. He probably won't get in too much trouble (except owing additional tax) since the IRS is usually pretty lenient, what it comes to divorce.
what = when in next to last line
Please remember to "Accept", it is the only way we get credit for our work. Feedback, if you have time, and bonuses, where you think they are warranted, are always most appreciated.
I'll be happy to answer any follow-up questions you may have.
ok did all this Thank you and they are sending me copies of the 2008 return and I will go from there to the lady that filed them for him or whatever the case is


text:
Google's London headquarters in Victoria boasts a revamped engineering floor called L4 that could be one of the trendiest workspaces on Earth. In addition to comfortable offices designed to be completely stress free, employees are treated to video game consoles, a giant screen TV, a pool table, gym, sound-proofed music room with drums and guitars, a "Coffee Lab" which serves 19 blends, as well as four free restaurants – including a tapas and sushi bar.
Nelson Mattos, Google's Vice President of Engineering, says: "We hire the brightest and best engineers in the UK and put them together in a highly creative, relaxed and exciting environment."
Obviously. Check out some additional photos after the break.
(via 9GAG and Daily Mail)


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The Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) was launched in Pakistan 1978 to protect children by immunizing them against childhood tuberculosis, poliomyelitis, diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus and measels.
The programme also vaccinates pregnant women with tetanus toxoid vaccine to protect the new born from neonatal tetanus.
With support from the Government of Pakistan and development partners, the programme has added hepatitis B (Hep B) and Haemophilus influenzae type B (Hib) vaccinations to its childhood immunization schedule.
In 2002, the programme introduced hepatitis B vaccine with support from the Global Alliance for Vaccine and Immunisation (now called the GAVI Alliance).
In 2006, a tetravalent combination vaccine was introduced replacing separate diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis (DTP3) and hepatitis B vaccines. This was later switched in 2008 to the pentavalent (DTP-Hep B-Hib) vaccine with the addition of the new Hib vaccine.
Now a child needs only five visits during the first year and one visit during the second year of his/her life to complete the vaccination with four antigens against eight dreadful diseases.
Programme development
Pakistan has the approval of the GAVI Alliance for support for pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, which is expected to be introduced in the routine immunization programme by mid-2012. This new vaccine will protect children from pneumonia and meningitis due to pneumococcal infection.
The programme also plans to introduce rota virus vaccine in 2013, which will prevent diarrhoea due to rotavirus.
The new vaccines may together avert 17% of childhood mortality in Pakistan and thus help in achieving Millenium Development Goal 4 on reducing child mortality.
Safer immunization
The programme has adopted new technology to make immunization safer and more client compliant. Since 2002, to prevent the risk of bloodborne diseases, the programme has been using auto-disable syringes for all immunization injections and safety boxes for proper disposal of sharps waste.
Programme objectives
The programme's aim is to reduce mortality and morbidity resulting from the eight EPI target diseases by immunizing children aged from 0 to 11 months and pregnant women.
The specific objectives of the programme are:
interruption of polio virus by 2012
elimination of neo-natal tetanus by 2015
elimination of measles by 2015
reduction of diphtheria, pertussis and childhood tuberculosis to a minimum level so that they do become a public health problem
control of other diseases by introducing new vaccines in EPI as and when they become available.
using EPI as a spearhead for promoting other primary health care activities
integrating EPI into primary health care.
Current situation
Despite significant efforts by the government and its partners, Pakistan's immunization indicators have yet to reach the expected benchmarks. The key goals of polio eradication, and measles and neo-natal tetanus elimination, have not been achieved.
Routine vaccination coverage is still suboptimal for achieving the desired goals. Poor routine coverage is also evidenced by the occurrence of numerous outbreaks of measles, pertusis and diphtheria in different parts of the country.
Regional vaccine preventalble diseases and immunization programme


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You are here
Libraries & Spaces
Information for:
Welcome Kate Dohe!
Kate Dohe joined the staff of Lauinger Library on May 6 as Digital Services Librarian in the Library Information Technology Department. Kate will be planning, expanding and communicating about DigitalGeorgetown, our institutional repository services, and our digital collections and content. Before coming to Georgetown, Kate worked as Digital Librarian at University Readers, an academic custom publishing company, where she was responsible for growing their digital library content and connecting their professor clients to content that aligned with their course objectives. Kate earned her BSEd. in Speech and Theater Education from the Missouri State University and her Master of Library Science from the University of Hawai'I at Manoa. In her spare time, Kate enjoys knitting and crochet, running, yoga and home brewing.


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Uncharted: Drake's Fortune
Review by Crazy_Asian_45
"The best PS3 exclusive so far!!"
Uncharted Drake's Fortune is truly an amazing game. It has everything a next-gen game should have: great graphics and sound. This game alone ultimately made me buy a PS3 for many reasons. Maybe it was the graphics, the audio, or the fun gameplay itself. However I think it was the movie-like presentation of the story.
The story of Uncharted outdoes most games. It has many twists and turns to keep you at the edge of your seat. The story begins with Nathan Drake and a reporter, Elena, discovering the coffin of Sir Francis Drake, but finds it empty except for his diary. The action begins when pirates start attacking Drake. After escaping, Drake eventually finds an uncharted island where the lost treasure of El Dorado is located with the help of his friend Sully. The story itself makes it feel like a movie with great dialogue and cut scenes.
The Gameplay in Uncharted is solid. You'll have plenty of chances to run and gun, throw grenades and punching pirates in the face. Beating the game makes you rely on hiding behind cover, popping out and shooting. The system is similar to the new Syphon Filters and also has blind fire which allows you to shoot behind cover without exposing yourself to force enemies into cover. The controls have a 30 minute learning curve and are responsive and makes the game easy to play. If you want to precisely throw a grenade you'll have to tilt the Sixaxis up or down to adjust the trajectory of the grenade. The melee combat of Uncharted is fun and cool. The game sometimes goes slow motion when Nate is about to make his final K.O. hit. There are a few different button presses for each combo, however each combo has a bunch of different animations to add variety to the combos. There are parts where you'll have to think strategically since the game doesn't allow you to collect a 1000 bullets and enemies are smart, take cover, and flank you. Some parts that don't involve shooting are puzzles and jumping and shimmying to advance. Puzzles make you think logically with clues from Drake's diary, and only tell you where to look at most. Jumping between to different platforms and ledges adds variety to the gameplay and isn't annoying since most of time you will make the jump. The gameplay overall makes Uncharted enjoyable and fun to play.
The graphics is where Uncharted truly shines. Uncharted has excellent graphics, not the best I ever seen but close. Maybe it is because I am playing it on a standard definition 480p tv, but it still looks very good. Many times I just stand still and look at the scenery and detail of the jungle. As you walk through some tall plants you can see them move away from you as if you are actually walking through it. This game features ragdoll effects in both characters and weapons. When you kill someone for example a set of stairs, the body actually slides or rolls down them. Stepping on the bodies of dead enemies makes them move which is pretty realistic. Weapons also roll down hills and lay on top of bodies instead if just going through them. Another cool detail is that when you reload a M4 for example, you can see Nate tossing the clip to the floor and replacing it. What I have also noticed is that the clip stays on the ground and doesn't disappear , which is pretty cool. The graphics are so good that right after a cinematic cut scene I think that the cut scene is still playing until like 30 seconds later I realize I am getting shot. Just from reading the above you can tell that Naughty Dog has obviously spent a lot of time on the graphics. A neat graphical detail in Uncharted is its water effects. Water looks realistic with ripples and waves moving through it. Also, when Nate walks through water and comes out of it you can see that his pants got wet. But if you dive into a pool of water you can see that his clothes are soaked and dry off gradually. The graphics truly makes Uncharted worth playing over and over again.
The sound from Uncharted is what you expect from most games. Each weapon has a different sound when fired. You can hear the cracks of rain hitting concrete. The voice acting does not sound fake. In fact it sounds like well-known actors have been recorded.
The game relatively took me about 12 hours to beat the story on normal. There is not much to do after you finish the game, but there are weapons you can unlock as well as bonuses such as infinite ammo, costumes, and behind the scenes movies by finding hidden treasures and earning rewards such as kill 50 enemies with an M4. There is no multiplayer or co-op which doesn't stop Uncharted from being my favorite Ps3 exclusive.
Rent or Buy:
For those of you on a tight budget I'll say rent but otherwise buy. There are plenty of unlocks and bonuses to keep you playing if you happen to buy this game.
Overall, Uncharted is a great game that is fun to play and has great graphics and story. There aren't many noticeable glitches or flaws, but every game has them. This is what makes Uncharted the best Ps3 exclusive so far.
Great story
Great graphics
Fun Gameplay
None, but not too noticeable, once in-a-while glitches
Story: 9
Gameplay: 10
Graphics: 10
Sound: 9
Replayability: 7
Overall (average): 9/10
Reviewer's Rating: 4.5 - Outstanding
Originally Posted: 01/22/08
Game Release: Uncharted: Drake's Fortune (US, 11/16/07)
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