text:
|This is a cover page. To go to the actual document, click on the title above.
|The document is in PDF format (1.1 MB). You will need Acrobat Reader to view and print. If you do not have Acrobat Reader, you will need to download the program.
|Click here to Download Adobe Acrobat 3.0 and follow the download and installation instructions provided. After downloading Acrobat, configure your browser to use Acrobat as a helper application.
In 1996, seven cores were recovered in western Collier County, southwestern Florida, to acquire subsurface geologic and hydrologic data to support ground-water modeling efforts. This report presents the lithostratigraphy, X-ray diffraction analyses, petrography, biostratigraphy, and strontium-isotope stratigraphy of these cores.
The oldest unit encountered in the study cores is an unnamed formation that is late Miocene. At least four depositional sequences are present within this formation. Calculated age of the formation, based on strontium-isotope stratigraphy, ranges from 9.5 to 5.7 Ma (million years ago). An unconformity within this formation that represents a hiatus of at least 2 million years is indicated in the Old Pump Road core. In two cores, Collier-Seminole and Old Pump Road, the uppermost sediments of the unnamed formation are not dated by strontium isotopes, and, based on the fossils present, these sediments could be as young as Pliocene. In another core (Fakahatchee Strand-Ranger Station), the upper part of the unnamed formation is dated by mollusks as Pliocene.Map of Collier and Monroe Counties, southwestern Florida, showing locations of the corehole sites.
The Tamiami Formation overlies the unnamed formation throughout the study area and is represented by the Ochopee Limestone Member. The unit is Pliocene and probably includes the interval of time near the early/late Pliocene boundary. Strontium-isotope analysis indicates an early Pliocene age (calculated ages range from 5.1 to 3.5 Ma), but the margin of error includes the latest Miocene and the late Pliocene. The dinocyst assemblages in the Ochopee typically are not age-diagnostic, but, near the base of the unit in the Collier-Seminole, Jones Grade, and Fakahatchee Strand State Forest cores, they indicate an age of late Miocene or Pliocene. The molluscan assemblages indicate a Pliocene age for the Ochopee, and a distinctive assemblage of Carditimera arata ? and Chione cortinaria ? in several of the cores specifically indicates an age near the early/late Pliocene boundary.
Undifferentiated sands overlie the Pliocene limestones in two cores in the southern part of the study area. Artificial fill occurs at the top of most of the cores.
The hydrologic confining units penetrated by these cores are different in different parts of the study area. To the west, a hard tightly cemented dolostone forms the first major confining unit below the water table. In the eastern part of the study area, confinement is more difficult to determine. A tightly cemented sandstone, much younger than the dolostones to the west and probably not laterally connected to them, forms a slight confining unit in one core. Thick zones of poorly sorted muddy unconsolidated sands form a slight confining unit in other cores; these probably are not correlative to either the sandstone or the dolostones to the west. The age and sedimentologic observations suggest a complex compartmentalization of the surficial aquifer system in southwestern Florida. The calibrations of dinocyst and molluscan occurrences with strontium-isotope stratigraphy allows us to expand and document the reported ranges of many taxa.
This report is preliminary and has not been reviewed for conformity with U.S. Geological Survey editorial standards or with the North American Stratigraphic Code. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
Information for ordering U.S. Geological Survey maps and reports
is available by calling 1-888-ASK-USGS. Information for ordering
USGS products also is available from the USGS home page on the
World Wide Web at URL http://www.usgs.gov/.
You can write to
USGS Information Services
Fax: 303-202-4695
Return to Geologic Mapping and Regional Geologic Studies in the Eastern United States
Return to Open-File Reports
Return to Geologic Information


text:
Q and A with Helena Solo-Gabriele
Keeping Marine Sewage Out of Our Waters
Haile, R.W., Witte, J.S., Gold, M., Cressey, R., McGee, C., Millikan, R.C., Glasser, A., Harawa, N., Ervin, C., Harmon, P., Harper, J., Dermand, J., Alamillo, J., Barrett, K., Nides, M., and Wang, G. (1999). The health effects of swimming in ocean water contaminated by storm drain runoff. Epidemiology 10: 355-363.
Pruss, A. (1998). Review of epidemiological studies on health effects from exposure to recreational water. International Journal of Epidemiology 27(1): 1-9.
is sewage and how does it get into marine recreational water?
organisms can live in sewage-contaminated water?
For more information, visit CDC's Division of Parasitic Diseases: Waterborne Diseases or the National Academy Press: Microbial Pathogens in Coastal Waters.
are the possible diseases caused by exposure to sewage-contaminated
are the symptoms of diseases caused by exposure to sewage-contaminated
Hepatitis can look exactly like gastro-enteritis. Severe cases cause people's skin to become yellow, or jaundiced, because the liver is not able to clear out its own bile. Bile contains the liver's waste products.
Infected cuts or rashes look swollen, red, and may have a thick yellowish discharge called pus. There is usually a lot of pain at the site of the rash or cut. Sometimes the infection causes a fever. Of note, eyes and ears can be infected in the same way.
For more information, visit Working with Sewage.
Haile et al. (1999), among others, evaluated the risk of reported gastrointestinal illness and other symptoms with respect to reported distance from storm drains with untreated run off in Los Angeles County, CA. Over 22,000 persons were interviewed concerning their health nine days after they exposed their faces to recreational beach waters. An increased risk of adverse health outcomes was associated with swimming in ocean water contaminated by untreated urban runoff. There was a significant dose response relationship. That is to say the closer a person swam to a storm drain, the greater their risk of having adverse health outcomes.
do I know if the marine water is contaminated?
For more information, visit Microbiological Monitoring of Marine Recreational Waters in Southern California or the US EPA 1999 Progress Report: Detecting and Characterizing Fecal Contamination and Its Sources in Ground and Surface Water (Watersheds and Aquifers.
For more information, visit CDC's Division of Parasitic Diseases: Parasitic Pathways - Healthy Swimming Tip.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
October 30, 2003 - Dayton Daily News: Murder victim Nancy Coutu speaks through diary
Peace Corps Online
Peace Corps News
Special Reports
October 26, 2003: Dayton Daily News reports on Peace Corps Safety and Security
Archive of Primary Source Stories
: October 30, 2003 - Dayton Daily News: Murder victim Nancy Coutu speaks through diary
Admin1 (admin) (pool-151-196-165-54.balt.east.verizon.net - 22.214.171.124)
Thursday, October 30, 2003 - 3:13 am
Edit Post
Murder victim Nancy Coutu speaks through diary
Connie Coutu holds a collection of her daughter's journals. Her daughter, Nancy, died while serving in the Peace Corps.
Read and comment on this story from the Dayton Daily News on Peace Corps Volunteer Nancy Coutu who was found outside her village in Madagascar in the early morning of April 9, 1996. Her attackers, known cattle thieves, had struck her head with a hatchet. Coutu died instantly, and then was raped. Until her body could be identified and collected, the villagers covered her body with a canopy of fabric and guarded her, according to a volunteer who went to identify her.
Her mother, Connie Coutu, who is 70, decided to publish a book of her daughter's journals and letters as a way to preserve her voice. "It was just something I had to do. I also wanted people to know Nancy and her sacrifice," Connie said. "But I also wanted people to know what actually happens to a person when they go in the Peace Corps, and the kinds of dangers they are constantly exposed to." Read the story at:
Murder victim speaks through diary
This link was active on the date it was posted. PCOL is not responsible for broken links which may have changed.
Murder victim speaks through diary
Grieving mother says book should be required reading
By Mei-Ling Hopgood and Christine Willmsen
Dayton Daily News
Nancy Coutu's journals, tucked in a box with a pair of worn-out pajamas and an African cloth skirt, arrived from Madagascar several weeks after her death.
Coutu, 29, was bicycling to a meeting with fellow Peace Corps volunteers in the early morning of April 9, 1996, when she was killed by a blow to the head and then raped.
For months Connie Coutu could not bear to look at the journals, filled with page after page of her daughter's looping handwriting. The pain was too raw.
Finally, one quiet afternoon on her living room sofa, Coutu started reading and didn't stop until her vision blurred from the tears.
Aug. 27, 1994
I've never been faced with reality in such intensity. There were more poor people than I have ever seen. Children following us begging, sweaters with the wrists or sleeves ripped off, dirty faces, skinny arms and legs. I had a hard time not crying on the way back on the bus.. . .I have never seen such poverty before. But I don't want to be na•ve any more and I want to understand what's going on in the rest of the world.
In those diary pages, and from Nancy's letters home, Coutu found the daughter she lost: a young woman who cherished her experience in the Peace Corps but felt she was not doing enough. Nancy was searching for herself, for acceptance and for love in a far-off place.
Connie Coutu, who is 70, decided to publish a book of her daughter's journals and letters as a way to preserve her voice.
"It was just something I had to do. I also wanted people to know Nancy and her sacrifice," Connie said. "But I also wanted people to know what actually happens to a person when they go in the Peace Corps, and the kinds of dangers they are constantly exposed to."
Nancy Coutu, a native of Hudson, N.H., joined the Peace Corps in 1994 at age 27, one year after graduating from the University of New Hampshire with a degree in wildlife management. The agency sent her to Bereketa, or "Big Cactus," an isolated village of about 350 people five hours by bike from the nearest volunteer.
According to her journals, Coutu discovered during orientationthat she would be living alone.
"I guess that news disappointed me some, but I'm sure I'll grow from whatever experience I'm in," she wrote. "Being alone may be tougher though. Yet being with one other person may not allow me to rely totally on myself, so who knows which would be better."
Nancy's journals and letters reveal the ups and downs of a volunteer's life and her struggles establishing regular work, coping with isolation, loneliness and culture shock, as well as her love for the villagers and excitement about small accomplishments. She spearheaded the rebuilding of a school, taught English to park rangers, grew an elaborate garden, and taught villagers to make necklaces with beads her mother sent her. Before she died, she had planned to paint a school mural showing children on a world map.
Feb 25, 1996:
I'll feel better when it's time to go if I get a bit more done before I leave. I must admit, if I could do nothing for my last 8+ months here except plant vegetables, pick peanuts and socialize with villagers I would. But I know I couldn't do it guiltlessly. I'll get a little something done on the side, to make it seem like I'm working. Maybe that should be the definition of Peace Corps, "the toughest job you'll ever have at making it seem like you're doing something."
Nancy had both health problems and minor crime problems. She had abscesses on her legs, infected nails and dysentery. She tested negative for HIV after a man stabbed her with a needle. She also had her bike stolen.
She was a day-and-a-half away by car from the agency's headquarters in the capital. Her mother, who originally did not want Nancy to go to Africa, became so worried about her isolation while visiting her in July 1995 that she went to the agency's offices and demanded they supply Nancy with a radio in case of emergency. When they said they couldn't do that, Connie threatened to go to the press. The agency installed radios in volunteers' homes.
"I figured that'd make you feel better," Nancy told her mom. "Your complaint got action."
March 25, 1996
21 cattle thieves with guns recently passed close to our village and robbed some people walking on the road.
At about 4 a.m. on April 9, 1996, Nancy rode her bike down a dirt road to meet with other volunteers for a project meeting.
Her body was found later that morning almost a mile and a half from her village. Her attackers, known cattle thieves, had struck her head with a hatchet. Coutu died instantly, and then was raped. Until her body could be identified and collected, the villagers covered her body with a canopy of fabric and guarded her, according to a volunteer who went to identify her.
The director of the Peace Corps, Mark Gearan, called the Coutus. Within 48 hours, most of the rest of the Peace Corps volunteers were being evacuated to the capital city. Ten days after the murder, the Peace Corps inspector general had arrived to assist in the investigation, and a few days after that a man named Sombila and two others were jailed.
Peace Corps and media reports said Sombila and his partners planned the attack after Coutu refused their advances at a gathering. In June, the men were convicted and sentenced to death, although their sentences were commuted to life in prison. The following year, Sombila escaped from prison and was on the loose for six months before being recaptured.
In letters to the Coutu family, volunteers said nothing could have been done to prevent Nancy's death. Her parents weren't so sure.
"Was Nancy's death preventable? I have to wonder if there was another person traveling with her if they would have gone after her," Connie said. "And of course I'll never know."
Nancy's father, Roger, added: "She's out there on her own and in a very isolated part of the world. They should have a radio check in every day — some type of security measures like a buddy system, and there should be at least two of them to a site.
"There could be many measures to make it safer for those young people out there."
Many volunteers prefer to live on their own, so they can be immersed in the language and culture. The Peace Corps says one of the best ways volunteers can protect themselves is to develop close ties in the community. In recent years, the agency has increased security staff worldwide. Yet, like Nancy Coutu did, many volunteers still live alone in places where communication with the headquarters or other volunteers can be difficult.
A year after her daughter's death, Connie Coutu visited Peace Corps headquarters in Washington, D.C., to see photos of her body. At the entrance to the building, she stared up at the glass memorial to fallen Peace Corps volunteers. The Peace Corps had told the press that her daughter was the 14th volunteer to be murdered. Yet her name was one of more than 200 etched on the list of volunteers who had died from any cause, including accidents and health problems.
"Why isn't this information given to every new trainee?" Connie wrote in her book. "These are the lives of our love(d) ones. Maybe they would think, 'It could happen to me' and would be constantly cautious and not drop their guard."
She completed the first version of her book last year and sold about 700 copies, mostly in the two cities where she splits her time in New Hampshire and Florida. The book bears the same name as a school in Madagascar: "Souvenirs de Nancy."
She is now rewriting the book and plans to publish a new version. She hopes to talk to Peace Corps about making it required — or at least recommended — reading for new volunteers.
She doesn't want them to forget her daughter's life, or her death.
Nov. 26, 1995
"Well I finished the school today — YEAH! A major high for me!! I got three guys to mud the last wall with me this morning. Then I painted the windows and doors and trim around each. It's downright beautiful. I was thinking as I was working, that everywhere I've been I leave a pretty scene behind. Every apartment I've been in is freshly painted or stenciled, and every relative/friend of mine has a stained glass or macramŽ. . . . It's a neat feeling. The villagers will call the school "Souvenirs de Nancy" when I'm gone, which is so true. It's nice to know a mark of my beauty will be left here too."
[From the Dayton Daily News: 10.30.2003]
July 23, 2002 - Nashua Telegraph: Remembering the life cut short of Madagascar PCV Nancy Coutu
Read and comment on this story from the Nashua Telegraph on July 23, 2002 about a book which has been published postumously from the journals of Nancy Coutu. Ms. Coutu was a volunteer who was murdered in the field in 1996. The book was edited by her mother based on the extensive letters and journals which Ms. Coutu kept based on her experiences as a Peace Corps volunteer in Madagascar. Read the story at:
Remembering a life cut short
This link was active on the date it was posted. PCOL is not responsible for broken links which may have changed.
Remembering a life cut short
By ANNE LUNDREGAN, Telegraph Staff email@example.com
She wrote of planting vegetables, grinding rice and building a village school.
Nancy Coutu filled pages in her journals and letters to her family with her experiences as a Peace Corps volunteer in Madagascar.
She wrote about seeing lemurs and cockroaches, about children in dirty and ripped clothing and about teaching villagers how to sing Christmas songs.
Her mother, Connie, compiled those letters and journal writings for a book, "Souvenirs de Nancy." (Top Shelf Books; $14.95; 367 pages)
Nancy, who grew up in Hudson, was murdered by three men in April 1996 near the remote village of Bereketa, where she was living.
While working in the Peace Corps, Nancy asked her family to save the letters she mailed them. She also sent her mother rolls of film for safekeeping.
Soon after Nancy died at age 29, Connie received about three journals in the mail.
"Her journals were so detailed," she recalled.
Looking at the journals and letters, Connie thought that if her daughter had returned safely she would have wanted to write a book about her experiences.
Instead, Connie, who lived in Florida, became the one in charge of reading all her daughter's words, editing them and compiling a book.
She began work on the book shortly after Nancy's death.
"It was really a joy because she was alive to me," Connie said.
The journal entries and letters reflect Nancy's gregarious nature, her leadership and her get-it-done attitude, Connie said.
But the book doesn't include everything; Connie did not include some entries that were too personal or were redundant.
It often took two to three weeks for Nancy's letters to reach home. In addition to writing to her family, she wrote letters to her mother's classes and to friends.
It was a chore for Nancy to send and receive mail. She had to bicycle 35 miles to a nearby town to pick up her mail, a trip she made almost every two weeks.
Her letters home realistically portrayed the challenges and rewards of being a Peace Corps volunteer and the absolute poverty she encountered, said Connie, who had visited her daughter in Madagascar.
"When I was typing this up, everything was very realistic," she said. "The trip changed me . . . to realized what life is like in a Third World country is an experience no one can get unless they're there."
Most people in the United States probably cannot imagine living without running water or electricity, Connie said.
"The beauty of the people was everywhere, but so was the poverty," she said.
Nancy entered the Peace Corps after studying wildlife management at the University of New Hampshire. She started school late, at age 22, after working for several years.
For two summers, Nancy worked at Elm Brook Park in West Hopkinton. While there, she started a junior rangers' program. There is now a memorial at the park to her.
In her application to the Peace Corps, Nancy wrote that she wanted to "dive into a challenging job, one where I can make a difference in the lives of others and that will make a difference in my life."
Initially her mother was against the idea, arguing that there were poor people in the United States who Nancy could help.
"I didn't want her to go," Connie said.
She told her daughter that she'd be going to a place where she didn't know how U.S. citizens were accepted and that it may be dangerous.
"She felt she had to go . . . it was a calling," Connie said. "She went with my blessing."
"She really loved helping others and making a difference in their lives, but there many times it was very difficult for her."
While in Bereketa, Nancy helped the villagers grow vegetables for money to be used for a community pharmacy, rebuild the village school and construct a hospital.
There were dangers, however, and Connie feels that the Peace Corps should have done more to protect Nancy and other volunteers.
"I feel that the Peace Corps does not do nearly enough to keep their people protected," she said. "There are Americans who go into help the poor of the world, but they need more protection."
Connie thinks that there should be two volunteers on every site, that volunteers should be taught self-defense and have the capability to communicate with the corp's main office.
Since Nancy's death, her family, friends and the people she worked with have sought numerous ways to memorialize her life. She was knighted in Madagascar, a rare honor for a woman. A clinic in Bereketa was dedicated to her, as was as a Peace Corps stamp.
For the people in her village, Nancy's death was like losing a family member.
"Everyone's faces were wet with tears," fellow volunteer Joe Schaeffer wrote Connie in a letter. "I want to express somehow what this scene means to the Malagasy. They were treating the situation exactly as they would have had it been someone of the village who had been killed."
Connie hopes that the book helps people understand what it means to the Peace Corps and to learn more about Nancy.
"The book really reflects here," she said. "By the end of the book they get to know her."
Anne Lundregan can be reached at 594-6449.
Some postings on Peace Corps Online are provided to the individual members of this group without permission of the copyright owner for the non-profit purposes of criticism, comment, education, scholarship, and research under the "Fair Use" provisions of U.S. Government copyright laws and they may not be distributed further without permission of the copyright owner. Peace Corps Online does not vouch for the accuracy of the content of the postings, which is the sole responsibility of the copyright holder.
This story has been posted in the following forums:
: Headlines; Safety and Security of Volunteers; Investigative Journalism; COS - Madagascar
Add a Message
This is a public posting area. Enter your username and password if you have an account. Otherwise, enter your full name as your username and leave the password blank. Your e-mail address is optional.


text:
The Daily Pic: Phil Collins shows how the toughest style can clothe a heart of gold.
Rep. Joe Barton (R-TX) Apologizes to BP Some of Hayward's toughest critics, however, don't lag that far behind Barton.
Ben Jacobs on which attacks on Romney will be toughest to overcome in the weeks ahead.
But he still calls himself the "toughest Sheriff in America," and that resonates with a national audience.
Here are the places where the company is fighting its toughest challenges to its services as well as its reputation.
The German right wing covered the most ground and met perhaps the toughest of the fighting.
Later we learned that the Baltimoreans dubbed us the "toughest" they had seen.
Getting that fight started in time, after you first showed up—oh, sure, we spotted you—was the toughest job I ever did!
We got the generator to vanish, and that's the toughest part of the battle.
He who came of the toughest stock and might have looked to live almost a century, died when it was half spent.
Old English toh "difficult to break or chew," from Proto-Germanic *tankhuz (cf. Middle Low German tege, Middle Dutch taey, Dutch taai, Old High German zach, German zäh). See rough for spelling change.
Figurative sense of "strenuous, difficult, hard to beat" is first recorded c.1200; that of "hard to do, trying, laborious" is from 1610s. Verb tough it "endure the experience" is first recorded 1830, American English. Tough guy first recorded 1932. Tough-minded first recorded 1907 in William James. Tough luck first recorded 1912; tough shit is from 1946.
"street ruffian," 1866, American English, from tough (adj.).
"street ruffian," 1866, American English, from tough (adj.).
A hard and menacing person (1866+)
Related Terms


text:
PENTAMASTER CORPORATION BERHAD, a Malaysian investment holding company listed on the Main Board of Bursa Malaysia Securities Berhad, is one of the global leaders in providing advanced, world-class manufacturing automation solutions & services to help worldwide customers meet their productivity challenges & maintain the edge required for success in a competitive business environment. Through our subsidiaries, we provide an integrated range of innovative services in technological solutions, manufacturing of automated & semi-automated machinery & equipments, designing & manufacturing of precision machinery components, as well as design, assembly & installation of computerized automation systems & equipments. With more than 20 years of experience in dealing with high-end technology companies across worldwide markets, we are confident to compete in terms of manufacturing flexibility, quality services, cost-effective solutions, timely delivery & positioned for greater growth. We would like to invite responsible and self-motivated individual to join us in the following capacity: job, vacancy
- Minimum Degree in Optical Engineering/Computer Science/Information Technology or Math.
- Fresh grads are encouraged to apply.
- Familiar with 2D/3D profiles of object, colorimetric, radiometric and photometric measurement system.
- Provide expertise for vision inspection in various applications.
- Provide support on vision inspection application and design.
- Involve in vision product development.
- Minimum Diploma/Degree in Computer Science.
- Fresh grads are encouraged to apply.
- Familiar with VB.Net, SQL, Control Programming etc
- Responsible creating and maintaining control program for manufacturing equipment.
- Responsible for writing and developing a program based on customer and management requirements.
- Responsible on utilizing hardware and developing software to control and improve the efficiency of manufacturing equipment.
- Responsible for debugging, troubleshooting and fixing machine according to specification.
- Minimum Diploma/Degree in Mechatronics/Mechanical Engineering
- Minimum 1 year working experience in automation industry, material handling project or automotive line equipment.
- Fresh grads are also encouraged to apply.
- Familiar with pneumatics and motion control.
- Good skill in operating design software (MDT, Inventer etc)
- Action-oriented person.
- Responsible to carry out conceptual and actual design for automation solutions.
- Strives to meet with the production and quality goals that set by the department and ensure the project assigned complete on schedule.
- Ensure design output meet with the design input.
- Produce quality design to meet with internal & external customer expectations.
- Complete the parts drawings, quality user manual and assembly information record.
- Explore any improvement opportunity and makes proposal for corrective and preventive actions.
- Minimum Certificate or Diploma in Mechanical/Electrical & Electronics or Mechatronics Engineering.
- Fresh grads with practical training in a manufacturing environment preferably in machine automation assemblies, support services or design are also encouraged to apply.
- Able to perform assembly work accordingly.
- Must have technical skills in machine mechanical and electrical.
- Have working knowledge in machine assembly process, pneumatic components, functionality and application.
- Have working knowledge in moting control system i.e motion control design, motion control feedback system, motor sizing, motor applications and moto troubleshooting..
- Must have knowledge in reading and interpreting mechanical drawing and electrical schematics.
- Responsible of drawing out necessary parts needed for project (pneumatic fittings, screws etc).
- In charge and responsible of machine assembly, panels assembly, wiring, pneumatics routing and trunking management.
- Responsible for tool testing and alignment for machine optimum operation.
- Responsible for machine data collection for buy-off or verification purposes.
Please email your resume to below address. Human Resources – Ms. Yvonne email@example.com


text:
I am using Windows Media Player 11 for Windows Vista Ultimate. I am running
on Compaq Presario SR1020IL having Intel 845G chipset (Intel Extreme
Whenever I play a video whose aspect ratio is not the same as that of my
monitor (i.e. 4:3) in fullscreen mode, a green background appears in the
region that is not covered by the video. This is irritating, it should be
black like all the previous versions of media player.
Other friends of mine on the same chipset have faced no such problems.
I have tried disabling advanced hardware acceleration for WMV files,
changing the background color for videos, to no avail.
Any help will be appreciated.
Sushovan, a crazy junior


text:
We're sorry, this listing is off the market. Try these listings instead:
Franchised Ice Cream & Yogurt Parlor #450857 posted Aug 3, 2016
- Greenville, South Carolina, United States
- $565,000
Established and profitable franchise ice cream business with three locations in South Carolina. Very clean operation, excellent store locations, well-staffed, and well managed business. Growing national franchise with over 200 stores nationally and very supportive of local operators. The price for...
Short Order Food Service Restaurant #372357 posted Jan 13, 2015
- Greenville, South Carolina, United States
- $35,000
Price Reduction. This restaurant is located in one of the fastest growing areas of the upstate. Specializing in premium Hot Dogs Has earned it a very loyal customer base. This business for sale is well established in a prime location. The growth in the community has allowed them to add new first...
Greenville Franchise Frozen Yogurt Shop #464999 posted Mar 21, 2017
- Greenville, South Carolina, United States
- $65,000
Money Maker! Own your very own self-serve frozen yogurt parlor known for its variety of frozen yogurt flavors and toppings.
Did you know that social networking is a great way to buy a business? Sign up now and we'll show you how.
Disclaimer: DealStream has not independently verified any of the information in this listing and makes no warranty as to its accuracy or completeness.


text:
The Sk8-Hi Slim, a slimmed down version of its original, is lace-up high top with durable canvas upper with checkerboard print, a supportive and padded ankle and Vans vulcanized signature Waffle Outsole.
(based on 1 review)
Ratings Distribution
5 Stars
4 Stars
3 Stars
2 Stars
1 Stars
Reviewed by 1 customer
Displaying review 1
Back to top
Not for skating
By Farts
from NC
About Me Casual Dresser
Best Uses
The shoes are cool, but they are not really meant for skating. I bought them to use them as my skate shoes and can't because the grip on the bottom is too small and not like the original waffle grip.
Bottom Line Yes, I would recommend this to a friend
Was this review helpful? Yes / No
- You may also flag this review


text:
Cordes, M.: Provokateur oder Visionär? In: Verkehrsrundschau, No. 7, 2007, p. 22 - 24.
Pütz, U.: Öko-Vision mit Lebenslust. In: Mobil, No. 2, 2007, p. 42 - 43.
Shaw, B.; Hill, J.: Cradle to Cradle. In: Inside Track (The Quarterly Magazine of Green Alliance), No. 13, 2006, p. 10 - 11
Brooks R. A.; Mueller, E.: Cradle to Cradle: Designers work to reconcile the demand for totally recyclable design with the means required to achieve it. In: Perspective (Journal of the International Interior Design Association), 2006, p. 17 - 23
Braungart, M.: Cradle to Cradle. In: Textiles (The Quaterly Magazine of the Textile Instiute), Nr. 1, 2006, p. 8 - 11
Smith, R.: Beyond Recycling: Manufactures Embrace "C2C" Design. In: The Wall Street Journal, 3 March 2005, p. B1
Debold, E.: The Business of Saving the World. In: What is Enlightenment, No. 28, March - May 2005, p. 60 - 68
"Eco-Industries Model Nature's Bounty" by Michael Braungart in the September/October 2004 issue of Resource magazine.
"25 Environmental Champions for 2004 + A Tribute to the Trailblazers" by Katie Sosnowchik and Penny Bonda in the July 2004 issue of Interior & Sources magazine, which features Michael Braungart as one of the trailblazers.
Braungart, M.: Cradle-to-Cradle Design: Redesigning the Relationships between Industry and Nature. in: Magariños, C. A.; Sercovich, F. C. (edt.): Updating and Fleshing Out the Development Agenda : Papers and Proceedings of the Venice II Meeting, 3.-4.10.2003, Venice, Italy. United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO), Vienna 2003, p. 171 - 194; some information
"Design for the Triple Top Line: New Tools for Sustainable Commerce" by William McDonough and Michael Braungart.
"Applying the Principles of Green Engineering to Cradle to Cradle Design" by William McDonough, Michael Braungart, Paul Anastas, and Julie Zimmerman in the December 2003 issue of Environmental Science and Technology.
"Intelligent Materials Pooling: Evolving Profitable Technical Metabolism Through a Supportive Business Community" by William McDonough and Michael Braungart in the April/May 2003 issue of Green@Work.
"Cradle to Cradle: The Next Packaging Paradigm?" by David Newcorn in the May 2003 issue of Packaging World, which features the innovative packaging ideas of William McDonough and Michael Braungart.
"The NEXT Industrial Revolution" by William McDonough and Michael Braungart in the October 1998 issue of the Atlantic Monthly


text:
Yesterday, we said good bye to Momochi. It was so sudden for me. But the last 3 days, I cried every night. But I believe that we made the right decision.
I so wanted to keep her forever and so I planned my life. But when we found how skinny Milan has gotten this past 2 months, we can see his bones, we decided that we need to keep him stress free. Also, it has been on our minds that, we couldn't give Momochi as much attention as she needed. We love her so so much and I believe that she knew how much we loved her, but if we loved her and really wish for her happiness, we needed to find her a new home where she can be the only cat in the house and be around humans all the time.
We talked to the family, her sister and landlord, we checked their house, and we could be sure that they can give Momochi what she deserves. We will keep in touch with her new family.
I didn't realize how attached I was, I knew I loved her but didn't realize how much I'd miss her and feel this big hole in my heart.
So, the wonderful new family, please, please make her happy. She's my baby girl.
Thank you for the great, great time, momochi. We love you so much! Please, make her the happiest kitty!
Archive for March, 2009
Here are the unbelievably horrible thing happening in the world that we don't get to hear a lot about. But sadly, our country is involved in it, and happily we, who have addresses in the US can sign petitions and save the animals in unbelievable pain.
For me, reading and learning about this was terrible enough for me, so I didn't watch the video. Don't watch it if you have a heart problems
Thank you for your help!!!!!
Since I had a lazy afternoon today, I wasn't as hungry, so, I decided to do the steamed veggies that I wanted to do! I just used the hot pot that I got for my birthday, cut out lots of leafy veggies, and carrots, you can use any veggies. And I made the sesame base dipping sauce with the sesame paste. and since I'd be using the pot as a steamer anyway, I made more Shumai! I might be a Japanese person who make the most Chinese dishes at home, and I am proud! :P
Whitney couldn't tell, but the Shiitake mushroom you see is cooked. This is very simple and you can enjoy the pure flavour of Shiitake mushroom. You just clean the mushroom (I think you are supposed to wipe them with a wet towel so you won't wash away the aroma) and put them on a pan with the bottom up, sprinkle sea salt, turn on heat/gas on low, with a lid on for about 8 minutes. That's it! And you squeeze some lime/lemon on it! You can enjoy the juicy mushroom filled with the pure flavour! :)
oh, here's the recipe for the Gomadare dipping sauce! Require a food processor
- Sesame paste 2 Tbs
- White sesame 1 Tbs
- Soy sauce 5 Tbs
- Vinegar 1Tbs
- Sesame seed oil 1 Tbs
- To-bandjan (Chili bean sauce) 1 Tbs
- Sugar 1 Tbs
- Mirin 1 Tbs
Mix them all together well in the food processor, and dip your favorite veggies and enjoy!
Also, today, we had a little guest, well, she's not little, she was a pretty big birdie!
eyes eyes eyes! And after we creep you out, we give you, the cute pic!
A little note: We disabled the comment for the time being since we were getting spam every 5 minutes. But it'll be back! And you can always reach us by email! :)
We have put the pic of the lovely girls from Tsushimamire on our new top page! This is so exciting! :) We met them when they were touring in the States with Peelander-Z. they are so so good, and fun! They are all so nice and wonderful girls. Check them out!!! I hope they come back to the States soon, next time we'll all go together wearing hanahattori dresses, right?? :P
Listen to their awesome music at Tsushimamire Myspace Page
Check out their latest news at their website: in English here
And in Japanese, here
We <3 Tsushimamire! :)


text: The much-hyped film Best Actor, featuring superstar Mammootty and Sruthi Ramakrishnan, is expected to hit the screens on November 25.In the film, Mammootty plays the role of a teacher, who wants to become an actor, and Sruthi plays plays a music teacher. The film also has actors like Nedumudi Venu, Salim Kumar, Sukumari and KPSC Lalita in various important roles.Photographer Martin Prakkat has directed the film besides writing the script. Joseph and Naushad have produced it under the banner of Big Screen Cinemas. It has music scored by Biji Pal and cinematography by Ajayan Vincent.


text:
Down the hall strolled Donahue, the house detective—Donahue the leisurely.
The manager of the hotel and a house detective were also in the group.
Trembling like an aspen, the little maid opened it, and the burly form of a house detective appeared at the entrance.
At this juncture the house detective appeared at the doorway.
I complained to Mr. Philips, the house detective, of the annoyance, as he will tell you.
"But one person, a man, has visited her," answered the house detective.
After showing his credentials to the house detective, information was freely supplied.
It reminded me to wait with what patience I could summon for the house detective.
The house detective paced through the long rooms twice and made a careful survey of the balcony.
If you're the house detective, why do you mix up in this affair?


text:
(1) The oranges shall be fine and shall have reached a stage of maturity which will
permit the subsequent loss of firmness ordinary course of transport and marketing
with out appreciable completion of ripening.
(2) The oranges shall be reasonable Uniform in color. No orange shall be entirely
(3) Each orange shall have the shape Normal to the variety and be free from malformations.
(4) The oranges shall be free from Defects due to diseases or insects Or mechanical
injury or sunburn Affecting the fruit internally.
(5) Oranges having a cosarse- Corrugated (Godhadi) skin shall Not be graded.
(6) Mesambis of the new crop (Nawa Bahar) shall not be mixed with old crop (Juna
Crops Technical
Knowledge Hub
Supported By :
Number of Visitors:
Protected under trademark and copyright Act 1957.


text:
Gerald W. Darnell eBooks
A Florida native, Gerald grew up and attended high school in the small town of Humboldt, Tennessee. Following graduation from the University of Tennessee, he spent time in Hopkinsville, KY, Memphis, TN, Boston, MA and Newport, AR before moving back to Florida – where he now lives.
Gerald worked as a Senior Manager with several Fortune 100 companies, before officially retiring in 2007. His non-fiction book, 'Don't Wake Me Until It's Time To Go', is a bio-narrative including humorous stories and events spanning his life from pre-high school to retirement.
His fiction books are what he calls 'Fiction for Fun'. They use real geography and include pictures and characters some readers might recognize. The 'Carson Reno Mystery Series' are adventure mysteries set in the early 1960 time period, with the primary geography being Memphis and small southern towns. Core characters continue through each book, along with new and unique characters for each story.
During the early 70's the author worked from an office in the Memphis Peabody Hotel, so many of the events about the hotel in Carson Reno's stories are real, as well as many of the characters you meet.


text:
Jael finds out one of her friends has died of a drug overdose and dedicates her picture to her friend's memory.
This episode is named for Brittany, who the other girls think is always crying and whining over nothing.
Brittany: Long red hair extensions
Cassandra: Tightly curled afro
Diana: Dyed blonde
Dionne: Kelis inspired hair
Felicia: Dyed brown and bangs
Jael: Short brown hair, (originally had added hair extensions)
Jaslene: Cut and more volume
Natasha: Cut and dyed dark brown
Renee: Yoanna House inspired hair
Sarah: Dyed chocolate brown
Whitney: Extensions
For the ice cream sundae/candy shoot:
Jael - Birthday Cake
Natasha - Gumballs
Felicia - Lollipop
Whitney - Chocolate Kiss
Brittany - Banana Split
Cassandra - Jelly Beans
Renee - Candy Necklace
Dionne - Candy Cane
Diana - Gummy Bears
Sarah - Hard Candy
Jaslene - Dulce de Leche
Cassandra is eliminated due to her lack of ability to translate her beauty to her photos.
Miss Jay (looking at Whitney's picture): Girl, you got this cream in all the right places. Lord have mercy.
Renee: You know what, Brittany? You, being 21 years old, sure do act like you're still in high school.
Sarah (Watching Natasha during her shoot): She looks like Kate Moss.
Renee: No she doesn't. Do you know who Kate Moss is?
Dionne: You know what, Jay? I think I'm more comfortable naked.
Jay Manuel: That's uh... interesting.
Jaslene was voted Covergirl of the week.
While Miss Jay Alexander is getting his hair done, Jay Manuel tells him he needs to get the Mia Farrow haircut and if he doesn't he just needs to leave his set. He's poking fun at Cassandra from Cycle 5, who was thrown out of the competition after refusing to have an additional inch of her hair cut off.
While deliberating over Whitney's picture, Tyra rebuffs one of the judge's criticism by saying, "Hell to the no!" This is a reference to another Whitney...Whitney Houston, who became known for this phrase in her husband's reality show, Being Bobby Brown.
No results found.
No results found.
No results found.


text:
No public recommendations added yet.
Anglo Pharma P Ltd
Address: 66, Basement, Kamdar Shopping Centre, Tejpal Rd, Vile Parle (e), Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400057
Phone number: 022 - 26186918Post A Recommendation Bookmark this Business Claim this Business
how to find Anglo Pharma P LtdClick To View Location
Vote For Anglo Pharma P Ltd
The voting system is a way for customers of Anglo Pharma P Ltd to change its popularity at Start Local. You may vote for or against Anglo Pharma P Ltd and your vote will affect its score on Start Local.
If you vote positively for the business you may also choose to leave a public recommendation to tell other people about your great experience with the business.
Note: A negative vote will count against this business's score but will not be displayed publicly. Read here for more info on voting.
Have you already registered with us?
We just need to know if you've already registered with Start Local? If so you should have already selected a password and validated your email address. If not, don't worry it's easy and will take less than 40 seconds.


text:
Odisha TET Notification|Application 2016 Apply Online @ bseodisha.nic.in
Odisha TET 2016-2017, Odisha TET Notification 2016, Odisha TET Application Form 2016, Odisha TET Application 2016, OTET Notification 2016, OTET Application 2016, www.bseodisha.nic.in Latest News!!! Its a very good news for all candidates from Odisha State that Board of Secondary Education (BSE) has announced the Odisha TET Notification 2016 on its official website. Candidates who… Read More »


text:
|Numéro de publication
|Type de publication
|Numéro de demande
|Date de publication
|30 oct. 2001
|Date de dépôt
|10 nov. 1998
|Date de priorité
|19 oct. 1994
|État de paiement des frais
|Autre référence de publication
|Numéro de publication
|Bradley A. Jendersee, Robert D. Lashinski, Michael D. Bonneau
|Cessionnaire d'origine
|Medtronic Ave, Inc.
|Exporter la citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Citations de brevets (35), Citations hors brevets (2), Référencé par (81), Classifications (8), Événements juridiques (10)
|Liens externes: USPTO, Cession USPTO, Espacenet
This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 08/478,192 filed Jun. 7, 1995 now U.S. Pat No. 5,836,965, which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 08/326,023, filed on Oct. 19, 1994, abandoned.
This invention relates to medical implant devices. More specifically, the invention relates to a stent encapsulated by an expandable balloon for delivery and deployment in narrowing coronary or peripheral vessels in humans.
Cardiovascular disease, including atherosclerosis, is the leading cause of death in the U.S. The medical community has developed a number of methods and devices for treating coronary heart disease, some of which are specifically designed to treat the complications resulting from atherosclerosis and other forms of coronary arterial narrowing.
An important development for treating atherosclerosis and other forms of coronary narrowing is percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty, hereinafter referred to as "angioplasty" or "PTCA". The objective in angioplasty is to enlarge the lumen of the affected coronary artery by radial hydraulic expansion. The procedure is accomplished by inflating a balloon within the narrowed lumen of the coronary artery. Radial expansion of the coronary artery occurs in several different dimensions, and is related to the nature of the plaque. Soft, fatty plaque deposits are flattened by the balloon, while hardened deposits are cracked and split to enlarge the lumen. The wall of the artery itself is also stretched when the balloon is inflated.
Angioplasty is typically performed as follows: A thin walled hollow guiding catheter is introduced into the body via a relatively large vessel, such as the femoral artery in the groin area or the brachial artery in the arm. Once access to the femoral artery is achieved, a short hollow sheath, or guiding catheter, is inserted to maintain a passageway during the procedure. The flexible guiding catheter must negotiate an approximately 180 degree turn through the aortic arch to descend into the aortic cusp where entry may be gained to either the left or the right coronary artery, as desired.
After the guiding catheter is advanced to the area to be treated by angioplasty, a flexible guidewire is inserted into the guiding catheter through an expandable balloon (described infra) and advanced to the area to be treated. The guidewire is advanced across the lesion, or "wires" the lesion, in preparation for the advancement of a balloon catheter having an expandable balloon portion composed of polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyolefin, or other suitable substance, across the guide wire. Currently, most balloons utilize two folded wings wrapped around the hollow catheter tube. The balloon catheter is placed into position by sliding it along the guide wire. The use of the relatively rigid guide wire is necessary for steerability to advance the catheter through the narrowed lumen of the artery and to direct the balloon, which is typically quite flexible, across the lesion. Radiopaque markers in the balloon segment of the catheter facilitate positioning across the lesion. The balloon catheter is then inflated with contrast material to permit fluoroscopic viewing during treatment. The balloon is alternately inflated and deflated until the lumen of the artery is satisfactorily enlarged.
Unfortunately, while the affected artery generally can be enlarged, in some instances the vessel restenoses chronically, or closes down acutely, negating the positive effect of the angioplasty procedure. In the past, such restenosis has frequently necessitated repeat PTCA or open heart surgery. While such restenosis does not occur in the majority of cases, it occurs frequently enough that such complications comprise a significant percentage of the overall failures of the PTCA procedure, for example, twenty-five to thirty-five percent of such failures.
To lessen the risk of restenosis, various devices have been proposed for mechanically keeping the affected vessel open after completion of the angioplasty procedure. Such mechanical endoprosthetic devices, which are generally referred to as stents, are typically inserted into the vessel, positioned across the lesion, and then expanded to keep the passageway clear. Effectively, the stent overcomes the natural tendency of the vessel walls of some patients to close back down, thereby maintaining a more normal flow of blood through that vessel than would be possible if the stent were not in place.
Various types of stents have been proposed, including self-expandable and expandable stents, although to date none has proven completely satisfactory. Expandable stents generally are conveyed to the area to be treated on balloon catheters or other expandable devices. For insertion, the stent is positioned in a compressed configuration along the delivery device, such as a balloon catheter defining a balloon with two folded and wrapped wings, to make the stent diameter as small as possible. After the stent is positioned across the lesion, it is expanded by the delivery device, causing the length of the stent to contract and the diameter to expand. Depending on the materials used in construction of the stent, the stent maintains the new shape either through mechanical force or otherwise.
One such expandable stent for delivery on a balloon catheter is the Palmaz stent (U.S. Pat. No. 4,733,665) which may be thought of as a stainless steel cylinder having a number of slits in its circumference, resulting in a mesh when expanded. The stainless steel cylinder is compressed onto the outside of a non-expanded balloon catheter which includes stent retainer rings at each end of the stent to help to maintain the stent on the balloon. Also, it is advisable to place a sheath over the compressed stent and balloon assembly to retain the stent on the balloon and to create an even outer surface on the assembly for negotiation through the narrowed vessels. Boneau U.S. Pat. No. 5,292,331 provides a unitary wire-like stent structure configured to form a plurality of upper and lower axial peaks, and is delivered and expanded in a similar manner.
Significant difficulties have been encountered with deployment of known prior art stents, including difficulty in maintaining the stent on the balloon and in achieving symmetrical expansion of the stent when deployed. Currently, some stent delivery systems retain the stent on the delivery catheter by means of either (a) plastically deforming the stent so that it is crimped onto the balloon, or (b) having the stent exhibit a small enough internal diameter to act as an interference fit with the outside diameter of the balloon catheter. The disadvantage with these methods is that the limited amount of securement between the stent and the balloon is not always adequate to insure that the stent will properly stay in place while advancing the stent to and through the target lesion. Additionally, the outer surface of the delivery device is uneven because the stent generally extends outwardly beyond the balloon and may contact a narrowed vessel wall and be displaced while the catheter negotiates a narrowed vessel. Most known expandable stent delivery systems utilize a removable sheath system on the outside of the stent, with or without retainer rings, that is removed once the stent is at the delivery site. This method protects the stent and provides a smooth surface for easier passage through vessels, but the method increases the crossing profile of the delivery device thereby decreasing the device's ability to track through narrowed and tortuous vasculature. This and other complications have resulted in a low level of acceptance for such stents within the medical community, and to date stents have not been accepted as a practical method for treating chronic restenosis.
A long felt need exists for a delivery and deployment method for stents which ensures positional stability of the stent during delivery without the need for an external sheath, thereby substantially decreasing the cross sectional profile of the balloon delivery device, and ensures symmetrical expansion of the stent at deployment.
The stent delivery and deployment method of this invention provides a frozen-in balloon in intimate contact with, and/or surrounding, a stent to assure stent attachment to the balloon, i.e. excapsulation. This method is especially valuable at the proximal and distal ends of the stent for delivery purposes because a smoother transition occurs between the distal and proximal surfaces of the balloon catheter and the distal and proximal ends of the stent, and it also is effective along substantially the entire length of the stent. The frozen-in balloon form is achieved by encapsulating the stent so that the balloon may expand part way around the stent and adhere thereto. The preferred method of encapsulating the stent and balloon includes the steps of compressing the stent on the outside of the balloon, placing a sheath over the compressed stent to prevent expansion, and exposing the sheathed stent and balloon to an elevated temperature while pressurizing the balloon. The elevated temperature and pressurization causes the balloon to expand from below the stent to fill at least some of the spaces between the stent and the sheath. Following expansion and exposure to an elevated temperature, the balloon and stent are cooled while maintaining pressure in the balloon, so that the balloon profile will be "frozen around" (formed and somewhat adhered to) the stent. Alternatively, heat without pressurization of the balloon may be sufficient for encapsulation when the compressive forces of the sheath against the stent, which is pressed against the heated balloon, enables encapsulation of the stent.
If desired, the encapsulated stent may include conventional retainers at the proximal and/or distal end of the balloon. Such retainers may be located on top of the balloon or within the balloon. Additionally, the balloon itself may be used to form one or more stent retainers during encapsulation. In this aspect of the invention, a space is defined between the balloon and the sheath, proximal and/or distal to the stent, so that the balloon expands to occupy the space and form one or more retainers during the encapsulation process. Retainers assist in delivery by providing a smooth transition between the encapsulated stent and the catheter surface.
The preferred balloon for the method described above defines multiple (three or more) folded and wrapped "wings" or radial extensions on a balloon delivery device to assure radially symmetrical stent expansion during deployment. The preferred balloon utilizes four wings for a Boneau stent having four axial turns at each end, and the balloon length and number of wings may be tailored to the particular stent or stents to be deployed. By utilizing more than two wings, more symmetrical stent deployment and vessel coverage can be achieved. Symmetrical stent deployment results in symmetrical expansion and support of the target lesion thereby suggesting use of multiple folds for standard PTCA balloon catheters with or without stents.
The method of this invention may be used with most self-expanding and expandable prior art stents, such as tubular slotted stents, and including connected stents, articulated stents, and multiple connected or non-connected stents. It is preferred to use a stent apparatus such as the Boneau stent which is formed preferably from a single piece of wire defining axial bends or turns between straight segments. The stent apparatus can then be encapsulated on a balloon catheter using the inventive method, delivered to the affected vessel and expanded in place, all as described herein. Some of the intended uses include PTCA type stenting, PTA type stenting, graft support, graft delivery, INR use, GI tract use, drug delivery, and biliary stenting.
A general object of the present invention is to provide a stent delivery and deployment method that overcomes the drawbacks and limitations of the prior art.
A specific object of the present invention is to provide a stent delivery and deployment method that eliminates the need for a deployment sheath and results in a low profile device with a more regular outer surface that may be delivered through tortuous, narrowed vessel.
Another specific object of the present invention is to provide a stent delivery and deployment method which encapsulates the balloon and stent thereby securing the stent to the balloon and decreasing the profile of the stent and balloon.
Yet another specific object of the present invention is to provide a stent delivery and deployment method which includes a balloon with three or more wrapped and folded wings to ensure symmetrical deployment of the stent and expansion of the lesion to be treated.
One more specific object of the present invention is to provide an encapsulated stent and balloon have a retainer at the distal and/or proximal ends of the stent for maintaining the stent on the balloon and for forming a smooth outer surface on the encapsulated stent device.
Still another specific object of the invention is to provide a method for encapsulating the majority of expandable and self-expanding stents for treating vessels in humans.
These and other objects, advantages and features of the present invention will become more apparent upon considering the following detailed description of preferred embodiments, presented in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross sectional view of two encapsulated stents and a balloon embodying the principles of the present invention and shown on a balloon catheter device.
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal cross sectional view of the stents of FIG. 1 compressed upon a balloon of a balloon catheter and shown prior to the encapsulation process.
FIG. 3 is a longitudinal cross sectional view of the stents and balloon during the encapsulation process and shown positioned within interior and exterior sheaths.
FIG. 4 is a cross sectional view taken along lines 4—4 of FIG. 2 and showing four folded and wrapped wings of the balloon beneath one of the stents.
FIG. 5 is a cross sectional view showing the partially inflated form of the balloon around the stent.
FIG. 6 is a cross sectional view taken along lines 6—6 of FIG. 1 and showing the frozen-in form of the balloon around the stent.
FIG. 7 is a longitudinal cross sectional view of two encapsulated stents and a balloon showing retainers on the outside of the balloon.
FIG. 8 is a longitudinal cross sectional view of encapsulated stents and a balloon showing retainers on the inside of the balloon and attached to the balloon catheter.
FIG. 1 shows an encapsulated stent assembly 20 embodying the principles of the present invention. Two stent segments 10 are shown, and it will be recognized by those skilled in the art that one or more stent segments 10 may be used depending upon the size and configuration of the narrowed vessel to be treated. Additionally, when more than one stent segment 10 is used, the segments may be connected together by articulated or rigid joints, or multiple single stent segments may be deployed on the balloon catheter 30.
The balloon catheter 30 preferably is of a low profile design defining a tapered distal tip 32, and an inner lumen 34 for insertion of a conventional guide wire (not shown). Any conventional or modified balloon catheter device may be used, such as a PTCA balloon catheter, and it is preferred that the expandable balloon portion 36 be configured on the catheter 30 so that the collapsed balloon defines three or more folded wings 38 which are wrapped around the outside of the catheter tube 40 as best shown in FIG. 4. In the embodiment in FIG. 4, the balloon 36 defines four folds 38 wrapped around the catheter tube 40 in a clockwise direction.
The preferred balloon 36 is formed from a material such as polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), or from nylon or the like. The length and diameter of the balloon may be selected to accommodate the particular configuration of the stent to be encapsulated. The balloon may be carried on any catheter, although PTCA low profile catheters and over the wire catheters are preferred. The wings of the balloon are formed by pulling the balloon catheter through a forming tool having a generally cylindrical cross section and defining a terminal opening configured to produce the desired number of wings in the balloon. For instance, configuration of the terminal opening may include three or four slits radiating outwardly from the end of the forming tool, depending upon the number of folds to be produced. As the balloon catheter is pulled through the forming tool, the balloon is pushed through the configured terminal opening and exits having, for instance, three separate flutes. The balloon catheter bearing the fluted balloon portion then is pulled into a sheath, preferably a two part sheath made of Teflon or other suitable materials, so that the flutes fold and wrap around the catheter in a clockwise direction to form a generally spiral configuration around the catheter. The sheath-balloon catheter assembly is subjected to heat, preferably by placing the assembly in a heat set oven, to form a crease in substantially the length of each of the folded flutes. The sheath also may be of unitary construction. Following heat setting, the balloon 36 retains the creases formed in the wings and defines a generally symmetrical, cylindrical cross section, as best seen in FIG. 4.
Referring now to FIGS. 1-5, the Boneau stent is shown for illustration purposes only, and Boneau U.S. Pat. No. 5,292,331 is hereby incorporated by reference. Each of the stent segments 10 is preferably a short, single wire stent 10 having an expandable, generally cylindrical body portion defining an inside surface and an outside surface. In the stent segments 10 shown, the single piece of wire is bent to form a plurality of upper and lower axial turns 2. The plurality of upper turns 2 are connected to the plurality of lower turns 2 by substantially straight sections 4. The axial turns 2 can be seen to permit the stent segment 10 to be compressed or expanded over a wide range while still maintaining a significant mechanical force, such as required to prevent a vessel from restenosis or recoiling.
The stent segments 10 are preferably constructed of implantable materials having good mechanical strength, such as implantable quality stainless steel wire. The outside of the stent segments may be selectively plated with platinum, or other implantable radiopaque substances, to provide improved visibility during fluoroscopy. The cross-sectional shape of the finished stent segment 10 may be circular, ellipsoidal, rectangular, hexagonal, square, or other polygon, although at present it is believed that circular or ellipsoidal may be preferable.
The minimum length of each stent segment 10, or the distance between the upper turns and lower turns 2, is determined in large measure by the size of the vessel into which the stent 20 will be implanted. Additionally, each stent segment 10 may define N number of turns, N being preferable between 2 and 10. In the stent segments 10 shown in the drawings, the segments define four upper and four lower axial turns 2. The stent segments 10 may be connected together by articulated or rigid joints, or they may be deployed in a multiple spaced apart, non-connected configuration. The implanted encapsulated stent assembly 20 will preferably be of sufficient length as to maintain its axial orientation with the vessel without shifting under the hydraulics of blood flow (or other fluid flow in different types of vessels), while also being long enough to extend across at least a significant portion of the affected area. At the same time, the encapsulated stent 20 should be short enough as to not introduce unnecessarily large amounts of material as might cause undue thrombosis.
Following selection of the configuration and size of a stent segment 10, or multiple connected or non-connected stent segments, the segment or segments 10 are compressed upon the outside of the balloon 36 of the balloon catheter 30 as best shown in FIGS. 2 and 4. An interior sheath 42 is placed over each end of the balloon catheter 30, and an exterior sheath 44 is placed over the interior sheath 42 to cover the stent segments 10 and overlap with the interior sheath 42. The sheaths 42, 44 are preferably non-expandable, and of a size to accept insertion of the stent segments 10 mounted on the balloon. Sheaths 42, 44 are shown for example only, and it will be recognized by those skilled in the art that the balloon catheter and stents compressed thereon also may be placed within a mold to prevent expansion of the stent and configured to allow expansion of the balloon as desired.
Next, the balloon catheter 30 preferably is pressurized by introducing air, or an inert gas such as nitrogen, through the lumen 34 into the interior of the balloon to partially expand the balloon 36 within the sheaths 42, 44. The assembly then is exposed to an elevated temperature while maintaining pressurization of the balloon. The pressure may be, for example, approximately 70 psi, and the elevated temperature may be achieved by placing the sheathed assembly into an oven at approximately 150 degrees Fahrenheit to accomplish the heating step.
FIGS. 4-6 demonstrate, respectively, the configuration of the balloon 36 prior to pressurization, the configuration during inflation, and the frozen-in form configuration around and adhering to a stent segment 10. The balloon 36, and the wings 38, expand partially outwardly to occupy spaces around the axial turns 2 and between the straight sections 4 so that the balloon 36 and the stent segments 10 are in intimate contact. Those skilled in the art will recognize that expansion of the balloon also depends upon the form of the particular stent selected for encapsulation. Pressure between the stent and the balloon during heating and balloon pressurization causes an adherence upon cooling. Adherence is required for encapsulation which includes both intimate contact between the stent and the balloon as well as contact where the balloon surrounds at least a portion of the stent.
Alternatively, pressurization of the balloon during the heating step is not required where the sheaths 42, 44 fit tightly around the stent-balloon assembly. Pressure radiating inwardly from the sheaths 42, 44 to press against the stents 10 causes the stents 10 to press against the heated balloon to achieve encapsulation.
Following heating, the balloon-stent assembly is removed from the heat and allowed to cool within the sheath. In those cases where the balloon has been pressurized during heating, the internal pressure is maintained. Cooling sets the shape of the balloon 36 which adheres to the stent 10 following cooling, thereby allowing removal of the sheaths 42, 44 for delivery of the assembly 20 within a vessel. Because of the adherence between the stent segment 10 and the balloon 36 of the encapsulated stent assembly 20 and the more regular surface area created by encapsulating stent assembly segments, the encapsulated stent assembly 20 may be delivered without an external sheath.
As best shown in FIG. 3, and in FIG. 1, the encapsulated stent assembly 20 may include a distal retainer 50 and/or a proximal retainer 52. The retainers 50, 52 further secure the stent segment 10 to the balloon 36 and create a smooth transition between the balloon/stent area of the delivery device and the distal and proximal surfaces of the delivery device of the encapsulated stent assembly 20. The retainers 50, 52 may be formed by the balloon itself during the encapsulation process, with the configuration of the formed retainers 50, 52 determined by the dimensions of the spaces between the inner sheath 42 and the stent segments 10. Formed retainers 50, 52 may be tapered or non-tapered. Alternatively, conventional retainers 54 may be attached over the balloon 36 prior to encapsulation, as shown in FIG. 7, or the retainers 54 may be placed within the balloon 36, as shown in FIG. 8. One or two retainers 54 may be used, and conventional retainers may be made from any implantable material, such as implantable stainless steel or polymers. Depending upon the configuration of the encapsulated stent assembly 20, retainers generally range in length from 0-20 mm.
The encapsulated stent assembly 20 is delivered to the desired site with or without a guiding catheter and using a conventional guidewire for steerability to negotiate the area to be treated. Conventional radiopaque markers and fluoroscopy may be used with the device for positioning the encapsulated stent assembly and for viewing the expansion procedure. Once the encapsulated stent assembly is in place across the lesion, the balloon may be inflated in a conventional manner. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 4-6, the four wings 38 expand evenly to form four, symmetrical expanded flutes which symmetrically expand the inner diameter of the encapsulated stent outwardly by increasing the angle at the axial bends. During typical balloon expansion pressures of approximately 6 atmospheres or 90 psi, occurring within the human body and at body temperature, the heat set creases dissipate. The folded and wrapped wing configuration of the balloon ensures that the balloon will provide radially uniform inflation so that the stent will expand substantially equally along each of the peaks. Uniform expansion of the lumen of the vessel occurs with uniform, symmetrical expansion of the encapsulated stent and balloon. The amount of inflation, and commensurate amount of expansion of the stent, may be varied as dictated by the lesion itself, making the stent assembly of the present invention particularly flexible in the treatment of chronic restenosis and abrupt reclosure.
Because of the inflation of the balloon and expansion of the arterial wall of the vessel, the arterial wall bulges radially. At the same time, the plaque deposited within the intima of the vessel is displaced and thinned, and the stent is embedded in the plaque or other fibrotic material adhering to the intima of the vessel.
Following inflation of the balloon and expansion of the encapsulated stent within the vessel, the balloon is deflated so that it pulls away from the stent for removal. The deflated balloon generally forms from 1 ˝ to 2 ľ wings, including a generally U-shaped deflated form, and the deflated wings do not retain the creases created by the heat setting balloon formation process discussed above. The deflated balloon easily folds around the balloon catheter for removal.
The exterior wall of the vessel attempts to return to its original shape through elastic recoil. The stent, however, remains in its expanded form within the vessel, and prevents further recoil and restenosis of the vessel. The stent maintains an open passageway through the vessel. Because of the low mass of the preferred support device of the present invention, thrombosis is less likely to occur. Ideally, the displacement of the plaque deposits and the implantation of the stent will result in a relatively smooth inside diameter of the vessel.
While the primary application for the stent is presently believed to be treatment of cardiovascular disease such as atherosclerosis or other forms of coronary narrowing, the stent of the present invention may also be used for treatment of vessels in the kidney, leg, carotid, or elsewhere in the body. In such other vessels, the size of the stent may need to be adjusted to compensate for the differing sizes of the vessel to be treated.
While this invention has been described in connection with preferred embodiments thereof, it is obvious that modifications and changes therein may be made by those skilled in the art to which it pertains without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. For instance, the encapsulation method and deployment is not limited to any particular expandable stent device. Accordingly, the aspects discussed herein are for illustration only and should not limit the scope of the invention herein which is defined by the claims.
|Brevet cité
|Date de dépôt
|Date de publication
|19 mai 1980
|6 avr. 1982
|Advanced Catheter Systems, Inc.
|Vascular guiding catheter assembly and vascular dilating catheter assembly and a combination thereof and methods of making the same
|26 oct. 1984
|20 janv. 1987
|Cook, Incorporated
|Balloon catheter
|7 nov. 1985
|29 mars 1988
|Expandable Grafts Partnership
|Expandable intraluminal graft, and method and apparatus for implanting an expandable intraluminal graft
|13 mars 1987
|31 janv. 1989
|Cook Incorporated
|Endovascular stent and delivery system
|24 juil. 1989
|6 mars 1990
|Cordis Corporation
|Balloons for medical devices and fabrication thereof
|21 avr. 1989
|14 mai 1991
|Scimed Life Systems, Inc.
|Multipart split sleeve balloon protector for dilatation catheter
|6 juin 1989
|6 aoűt 1991
|Cordis Corporation
|Stent-implanting balloon assembly
|29 déc. 1988
|11 févr. 1992
|C. R. Bard, Inc.
|Dilation catheter with fluted balloon
|20 oct. 1989
|31 mars 1992
|C. R. Bard, Inc.
|Endovascular stent and delivery system
|13 févr. 1990
|28 avr. 1992
|C. R. Bard, Inc.
|Stent introducer system
|21 avr. 1989
|15 sept. 1992
|Scimed Life Systems, Inc.
|Method of shaping a balloon of a balloon catheter
|24 juil. 1991
|27 oct. 1992
|Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc.
|Method and system for stent delivery
|17 avr. 1992
|11 mai 1993
|Inverventional Technologies, Inc.
|Method for manufacturing a folding balloon catheter
|18 juin 1992
|7 sept. 1993
|Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc.
|Method and system for stent delivery
|28 mai 1991
|5 oct. 1993
|Parodi Juan C
|Less traumatic angioplasty balloon for arterial dilatation
|29 nov. 1989
|1 mars 1994
|Cordis Corporation
|Puncture resistant balloon catheter
|24 aoűt 1989
|8 mars 1994
|Applied Vascular Engineering, Inc.
|Endovascular support device
|2 oct. 1992
|7 juin 1994
|C. R. Bard, Inc.
|Pleated balloon dilatation catheter and method of use
|14 sept. 1992
|30 aoűt 1994
|Scimed Life Systems, Inc.
|Dilatation catheter with tri-fold balloon
|10 nov. 1993
|27 sept. 1994
|Medtronic, Inc.
|Tri-fold balloon for dilatation catheter and related method
|19 mai 1994
|29 aoűt 1995
|Scimed Lifesystems, Inc.
|Single layer hydraulic sheath stent delivery apparatus and method
|28 févr. 1995
|26 déc. 1995
|Boston Scientific Corp.
|Medical balloon folding into predetermined shapes and method
|28 avr. 1994
|26 déc. 1995
|Boston Scientific Corporation
|Placement of endoprostheses and stents
|22 mai 1995
|5 mars 1996
|Scimed Life Systems, Inc.
|Catheter balloon with retraction coating
|22 oct. 1993
|5 nov. 1996
|Scimed Life Systems Inc.
|Stent delivery apparatus and method
|2 mai 1995
|14 janv. 1997
|Cordis Corporation
|Stent delivery method and apparatus
|15 mai 1995
|2 déc. 1997
|Boston Scientific Corporation
|Balloon catheter
|24 mai 1996
|17 févr. 1998
|Gupta; Mukesh
|Multi-lobed balloon catheter
|23 déc. 1996
|11 aoűt 1998
|Isostent, Inc.
|Multifold balloon for stent deployment
|21 avr. 1997
|6 oct. 1998
|Schneider (Usa) Inc.
|Apparatus for delivering and deploying a stent
|7 juin 1995
|17 nov. 1998
|Jendersee; Brad
|Stent delivery and deployment method
|18 aoűt 1998
|11 janv. 2000
|Baxter International Inc.
|Folding of catheter-mounted balloons to facilitate non-rotational radial expansion of intraluminal devices
|6 nov. 1986
|15 juil. 1987
|Datascope Corp.
|Prefolded balloon catheter
|6 juin 1995
|14 déc. 1995
|Meadox Medicals, Inc.
|A catheter with stent and method for the production of a catheter with stent
|19 oct. 1995
|2 mai 1996
|Arterial Vascular Engineering, Inc.
|Stent delivery and deployment method
|G-R Flex-Stent Training Manual, Cook Cardiology, 1994.
|GR II Coronary Stent Reference Manual, Cook Cardiology, 1994.
|Brevet citant
|Date de dépôt
|Date de publication
|15 févr. 2002
|13 sept. 2005
|Cordis Corporation
|Method of balloon catheter stent delivery system with ridges
|3 mai 2002
|27 sept. 2005
|Medtronic Vascular, Inc.
|Apparatus for mounting a stent onto a stent delivery system
|8 mai 2002
|1 nov. 2005
|Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc.
|Tactical detachable anatomic containment device and therapeutic treatment system
|3 mai 2002
|17 janv. 2006
|Medtronic Vascular, Inc.
|Stent balloon assembly and methods of making same
|31 déc. 2003
|19 sept. 2006
|Novoste Corporation
|Drug delivery balloon catheter
|27 févr. 2003
|3 oct. 2006
|Meadox Medicals, Inc.
|Catheter with stent and method for the production of a catheter with stent
|21 avr. 2003
|3 avr. 2007
|Medtronic Vascular, Inc.
|Method and system for stent retention using an adhesive
|20 mai 2003
|26 juin 2007
|Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc.
|Mechanism to improve stent securement
|30 juin 2003
|30 déc. 2008
|Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc.
|Stent grip and system for use therewith
|11 avr. 2003
|6 janv. 2009
|Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc.
|Stent delivery system with securement and deployment accuracy
|12 mars 2003
|10 févr. 2009
|Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc.
|Methods of making medical devices
|23 mai 2005
|5 mai 2009
|Abbott Laboratories
|Catheter having main body portion with coil-defined guidewire passage
|15 févr. 2002
|11 aoűt 2009
|Cordis Corporation
|Balloon catheter stent delivery system with ridges
|17 févr. 2006
|8 déc. 2009
|Abbott Laboratories
|Catheter having overlapping stiffening members
|5 aoűt 2004
|26 janv. 2010
|Medtronic Vascular, Inc.
|Intraluminal stent assembly and method of deploying the same
|23 mai 2006
|9 févr. 2010
|Abbott Laboratories
|Catheter having plurality of stiffening members
|25 juin 2003
|23 mars 2010
|Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc.
|Thermal treatment of a drug eluting implantable medical device
|23 mai 2006
|31 aoűt 2010
|Abbott Laboratories
|Catheter having plurality of stiffening members
|29 sept. 2004
|31 aoűt 2010
|Abbott Laboratories Vascular Enterprises Limited
|Method for connecting a catheter balloon with a catheter shaft of a balloon catheter
|23 mai 2006
|14 sept. 2010
|Abbott Laboratories
|Multiple lumen catheter and method of making same
|27 mai 2004
|5 oct. 2010
|Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc.
|Thermal treatment of an implantable medical device
|23 mai 2006
|19 oct. 2010
|Abbott Laboratories
|Catheter having plurality of stiffening members
|21 mai 2008
|25 oct. 2011
|Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc.
|Systems and methods for heating and cooling during stent crimping
|1 oct. 2004
|8 nov. 2011
|Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc.
|Temperature controlled crimping
|3 févr. 2010
|8 nov. 2011
|Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc.
|Thermal treatment of a drug eluting implantable medical device
|7 mai 2002
|27 déc. 2011
|C.R. Bard, Inc.
|Balloon catheter and method for manufacturing it
|30 aoűt 2010
|10 janv. 2012
|Abbott Laboratories Vascular Enterprises Limited
|Method for connecting a catheter balloon with a catheter shaft of a balloon catheter
|10 sept. 2008
|28 févr. 2012
|Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc.
|Pre-crimp balloon inflation
|19 déc. 2008
|8 mai 2012
|Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc.
|Stent grip and systems for use therewith
|26 sept. 2006
|8 mai 2012
|Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc.
|40-O-(2-hydroxy)ethyl-rapamycin coated stent
|29 juin 2011
|4 déc. 2012
|Abbott Laboratories Vascular Enterprises Limited
|Catheter and method of manufacturing same
|16 sept. 2010
|19 nov. 2013
|Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc.
|Thermal treatment of an implantable medical device
|23 avr. 2010
|21 janv. 2014
|Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc.
|Method of drying bioabsorbable coating over stents
|2 oct. 2006
|1 avr. 2014
|Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc.
|Catheter with stent and method for the production of a catheter with stent
|26 sept. 2006
|24 févr. 2015
|Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc.
|Method of coating a stent with a release polymer for 40-O-(2-hydroxy)ethyl-rapamycin
|7 avr. 2005
|30 juin 2015
|Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc.
|Medical device delivery systems
|6 juin 2014
|14 juin 2016
|Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc.
|Drug delivery scaffold or stent with a novolimus and lactide based coating such that novolimus has a minimum amount of bonding to the coating
|12 déc. 2001
|15 aoűt 2002
|Meadox Medicals, Inc.
|Catheter with stent and method for the production of a catheter with stent
|7 mai 2002
|16 janv. 2003
|Meens Hendrik Jozef Maria
|Balloon catheter and method for manufacturing it
|7 aoűt 2001
|13 févr. 2003
|Medtronic Ave, Inc.
|Balloon stent assembly system and method
|27 févr. 2003
|28 aoűt 2003
|Meadox Medicals, Inc.
|Catheter with stent and method for the production of a catheter with stent
|3 mai 2002
|6 nov. 2003
|James Shortt
|Method and apparatus for mounting a stent onto a stent delivery system
|3 mai 2002
|6 nov. 2003
|O'shaughnessy Donagh
|Stent balloon assembly and methods of making same
|8 mai 2002
|13 nov. 2003
|Olson, Stanley W.
|Tactical detachable anatomic containment device and therapeutic treatment system
|15 févr. 2002
|15 juil. 2004
|Johnson Eric G.
|Method of balloon catheter stent delivery system with ridges
|12 mars 2003
|16 sept. 2004
|Eidenschink Thomas C.
|Methods of making medical devices
|11 avr. 2003
|14 oct. 2004
|Richard Gunderson
|Stent delivery system with securement and deployment accuracy
|31 déc. 2003
|21 oct. 2004
|Novoste Corporation
|Drug delivery balloon catheter
|21 avr. 2003
|21 oct. 2004
|Medtronic Ave.
|Method and system for stent retention using an adhesive
|20 mai 2003
|25 nov. 2004
|Scimed Life Systems, Inc.
|Mechanism to improve stent securement
|30 juin 2003
|30 déc. 2004
|Shelso Susan I.
|Stent grip and system for use therewith
|9 avr. 2004
|30 déc. 2004
|Gunderson Richard C.
|Medical device delivery systems
|1 déc. 2003
|2 juin 2005
|Pacetti Stephen D.
|Temperature controlled crimping
|1 oct. 2004
|2 juin 2005
|Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. State Of Incorporation: California
|Temperature controlled crimping
|9 mars 2004
|15 sept. 2005
|Vancamp Daniel H.
|Stent system for preventing restenosis
|7 avr. 2005
|13 oct. 2005
|Heidner Matthew C
|Medical device delivery systems
|23 mai 2005
|1 déc. 2005
|Randolf Von Oepen
|Catheter having main body portion with coil-defined guidewire passage
|10 juin 2004
|15 déc. 2005
|Peckham John E
|Stent delivery system
|30 juin 2005
|12 janv. 2006
|Conor Medsystems, Inc.
|Balloon catheter and method and system for securing a stent to a balloon catheter
|5 aoűt 2004
|9 févr. 2006
|Medtronic Vascular, Inc.
|Intraluminal stent assembly and method of deploying the same
|17 mai 2005
|23 nov. 2006
|Medtronic Vascular, Inc.
|Stent delivery and retention apparatus
|23 mai 2006
|5 avr. 2007
|Axel Grandt
|Multiple lumen catheter and method of making same
|2 oct. 2006
|12 avr. 2007
|Meadox Medicals, Inc.
|Catheter with stent and method for the production of a catheter with stent
|21 déc. 2006
|26 juin 2008
|Medtronic Vascular, Inc.
|Stent Balloon Assembly and Method of Making Same
|5 avr. 2007
|9 oct. 2008
|Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc.
|Catheter Having Internal Mechanisms to Encourage Balloon Re-folding
|19 déc. 2008
|23 avr. 2009
|Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc.
|Stent grip and systems for use therewith
|27 déc. 2007
|2 juil. 2009
|Intuitive Surgical, Inc.
|Medical device with orientable tip for robotically directed laser cutting and biomaterial application
|24 juil. 2009
|12 nov. 2009
|Eric Gerard Johnson
|Balloon catheter stent delivery system with ridges
|21 mai 2008
|26 nov. 2009
|Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc.
|Systems and methods for heating and cooling during stent crimping
|17 juin 2008
|17 déc. 2009
|Mcnulty Sean
|Balloon arc profile control
|10 sept. 2008
|11 mars 2010
|Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc.
|Pre-crimp balloon inflation
|3 févr. 2010
|3 juin 2010
|Hossainy Syed F A
|Thermal Treatment of a Drug Eluting Implantable Medical Device
|23 avr. 2010
|23 déc. 2010
|Yung-Ming Chen
|Method of Drying Bioabsorbable Coating Over Stents
|10 sept. 2010
|6 janv. 2011
|Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc.
|Thermal Treatment Of An Implantable Medical Device
|15 sept. 2010
|6 janv. 2011
|Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc.
|Thermal Treatment Of An Implantable Medical Device
|16 sept. 2010
|13 janv. 2011
|Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc.
|Thermal Treatment Of An Implantable Medical Device
|1 mars 2011
|23 juin 2011
|Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc.
|Catheter Having Internal Mechanisms to Encourage Balloon Re-folding
|16 mars 2010
|22 sept. 2011
|Abbott Laboratories
|Easy marker placement balloon mold
|7 nov. 2013
|13 oct. 2015
|Abbott Cardiovascular Systems Inc.
|Temperature controlled crimping
|30 nov. 2004
|16 juin 2005
|Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc.
|Temperature controlled crimping
|30 juin 2005
|9 avr. 2009
|Conor Medsystems Inc
|Balloon catheter system for securing a stent
|Classification aux États-Unis
|623/1.11, 606/194
|Classification internationale
|Classification coopérative
|Classification européenne
|10 avr. 2002
Owner name: MEDTRONIC AVE, INC., CALIFORNIA
Free format text: MERGER;ASSIGNOR:ARTERIAL VASCULAR ENGINEERING, INC.;REEL/FRAME:012802/0198
Effective date: 19990128
|26 nov. 2003
|Application for a patent term extension
Free format text: PRODUCT NAME: S8 OVER THE WIRE SYSTEM; REQUESTED FOR 333 DAYS
Filing date: 20031126
Expiry date: 20141219
|29 mars 2005
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|25 juil. 2005
Owner name: MEDTRONIC VASCULAR, INC., CALIFORNIA
Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:MEDTRONIC AVE, INC.;REEL/FRAME:016301/0448
Effective date: 20030908
|27 mars 2008
|Grant of a patent term extension
Free format text: PRODUCT NAME: S8 OVER THE WIRE SYSTEM
Filing date: 20031126
Expiry date: 20141219
|16 sept. 2008
|Certificate of correction
|9 déc. 2008
|Certificate of correction
|10 janv. 2009
|Patent term extension under 35 u.s.c. 156
Free format text: PRODUCT NAME: S8 OVER THE WIRE SYSTEM
Expiry date: 20141219
Extension date: 20160204
|20 mars 2009
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 8
|14 mars 2013
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 12


text:
Luxury wedding venue in East Sussex, covering the Lewes and Brighton Area
Overlooking the stunning South Downs National Park in East Sussex, we offer a magnificent exclusive use wedding venue to those wishing to exchange their vows in style.
By choosing Deans Place Hotel, situated in the charming village of Alfriston and close to Lewes, Eastbourne and Brighton, you can expect to be treated to a selection of fantastic wedding facilities to ensure your big day is unforgettable. These include a charming wedding garden complete with sweeping views across the South Downs National Park and an alfresco reception area on the spectacular terrace, perfect for the summer months. Plus, for an enchanting winter celebration, a range of elegant candlelit private dining rooms are available, warmed by crackling log fires to add to the romantic and intimate ambience.
As we only host one wedding per day, you and your guests will have the added luxury of having our full and personal attention throughout your special celebration.
We also provide 36 fully equipped en suite luxury bedrooms with breath-taking views of our four acre garden and the Sussex countryside, available for both yourselves and your wedding party. The indulgent bedrooms are individually decorated to the highest standard and the beautiful soft furnishings create a relaxing and welcoming environment. The bride and groom and the bridal party, are welcome to make the most of our onsite accommodation and get ready with the wedding party before the ceremony. After dancing the night away, the newlyweds are able to relax and unwind in our cosy bedrooms without the stress and hassle of organising transportation.
From sumptuous main courses and tantalising desserts to delicious canapés and relaxed buffets, our award-winning cuisine will ensure that your wedding breakfast and reception dinner are enjoyed by all, and our team of dedicated chefs is happy to create bespoke menus to keep in with the theme of your wedding.
Prime 2017 Dates Still Available
Are you looking to get married this year? We still have a few prime dates available throughout the year, and book within 6 months of your wedding taking place and receive 105 off of your package. See our Special Offers and Late Deals for more information.
- Friday 14th July
- Saturday 12th August
- Friday 18th August
- Saturday 19th August
- Sunday 26th August (Bank Holiday weekend)
- Fridays and Saturdays in November (Winter set package available)
There are also various weekdays available throughout the year. Contact us for more information.
Established for over 100 years, we're based just outside Eastbourne
Here at Deans Place we are lucky enough to overlook the spectacular South Downs, meaning the photographic opportunities are truly phenomenal. Whether you're standing under the gazebo in our magical wedding garden or celebrating with your guests in one of our elegant function rooms, there are plenty of picturesque settings for your professional photographs and your guests' personal ones.
To help you plan your special day we are happy to provide a list of our recommended local wedding suppliers including photographers, entertainment, makeup artists, catering, car hiring and room decoration.
If you're looking for a wedding venue in East Sussex and would like to request a visit, our friendly team would be more than happy to give you a tour of our facilities and provide you with any information you may require. Please call our Events Team on 01323 870248 or email firstname.lastname@example.com for more information.
Visit our Photo Gallery


text:
It only takes a minute to get started. Fill out our uncomplicated sign up form and login to the site.
This step is noncompulsory but will dramatically multiply your chances of having members look at your profile. Let people know a bit about yourself, your pasttimes and upload your best photo.
Use our website's cutting-edge search to pinpoint members who match your requirements. Or just leaf through listings and pinpoint singles that arouse your interest.
Identified someone who is attractive to you? Drop them a line or just a wink and let it develop from there. With a little luck you'll be on your way to a lifetime of happiness.
It doesn't take long


text:
Browsing the shelves of my local Asian market, I found something I've never seen before: sweetened condensed milk in a plastic, flip-top bottle. Wow! Sweetened condensed milk that I can actually keep in the fridge and use a little at a time. Genius! Even though it's packed for the Asian market (Vietnamese brand, with the label in Vietnamese, Chinese, English and Spanish) it's made locally, too, not imported from someplace with dubious quality control.
Has anyone else run into some great new innovations in products of packaging recently?