text:
Q240 Ross Cranston: I hope none of that
was directed at me.
Lord Lester of Herne Hill: Not
at all.
Q241 Ross Cranston: I am simply trying
to spell out some of the consequences of some of the changes.
Lord Lester of Herne Hill: Of
course, it was not at all directed at you. I thought it important,
though, that you know what you are getting before you ask me a
question and I just tried to explain that. I think the answer
to Mr Cranston's question is that I do not see the slightest reason
why having a properly resourced, strong, independent Supreme Court
of the United Kingdom in a proper building, with proper systems,
with proper facilities for the public, but with all its existing
constitutional roles, should expose it to more virulent press
attacks or attacks from populist ministers. It does not seem to
me that it makes the slightest difference. The judiciary are always
going to have to resist those kinds of attacks. They will have
a Chief Justice or a President of the Supreme Court of the United
Kingdom, who will have enormous authority and it is that person
to whom I would look rather than any minister to defend the judiciary
from that kind of attackalthough of course ministers must
also have that important role.
Q242 Mr Soley: Could I turn to this question
of the functions of the Supreme Court, because I think, Sir Tom,
you made it clear that they should stay as they are. One of my
interests in this Inquiry is increasingly the direction of change.
Because so much is changing in our constitution and in other respects,
it is hard to see the ultimate picture and I agree that change
has to happen, and quite dramatic change. But what I cannot quite
work out in my head, with the growth of European law and also
with the Human Rights legislation, is how much this new Supreme
Court would be called on to make increasingly political decisions.
If I could perhaps give an example which has been in my mind for
a couple of weeks now. If, for example, someone challenged in
a lower court the failure of the Government to hold a referendum
on the proposed EU constitution and if that was thrown out, could
that then be decided by the Supreme Court?
Lord Lester of Herne Hill: Could
I have the first stab at answering the question? I think there
is a mistaken view that because judges decide difficult questions
involving legal public policy and have to make constitutional
choices in human rights or European areas, often with social and
political consequences, that those are political decisions. I
do not think they are political decisions. They are constitutional
judges performing a judicial role. In the lecture the other night,
which Mr Cranston was kind enough to refer to, I was trying to
explain how, for example, with the Human Rights Act, even though
Parliament had paid the judiciary an enormous compliment in making
them the first guardians of the rights and freedoms, the judges
have been extremely careful not to usurp the legislative or executive
roles, in my judgment, and they are well aware of the need to
avoid judges being politicians. I cannot think of any caseI
really cannotin the last three years since the Human Rights
Act came into force, in which one could say that the judges forgot
that they were judges, unelected, and had become politicians.
I know that the tabloids and some grumpy ministers often attack
them in that way but I do not think it is justified.
Q243 Mr Soley: I understand, if you like,
your desire to focus on the issue of you not being politicalI
understand and accept thatbut I am still unsure as to where
this process takes us, because it does seem to me that someone
could challenge the failure of the Government to hold a referendum
and then you would have to decide it in the Supreme Court. Is
that just wrong?
Lord Lester of Herne Hill: I had
not realised that you were focusing on that particular example.
Q244 Mr Soley: I use it as an example.
Lord Lester of Herne Hill: To
take that example, it would be hard to imagine how anyone could
formulate that as a proper legal issue, the failure to hold a
referendum, because it would be hard to imagine exactly where
any legal principle was that would require that to happen. But,
for example, when a challenge was made to the failure by the Foreign
and Commonwealth Office to protest vigorously enough about the
British detainees in Camp X-Ray, Guantanamo Bay, the court decided
that that was a political question and not a legal a question.
So they do recognise quite properly and rather conservatively
that there are issues which are not fit for judges to decide at
all. I would have thought the issue as to whether there should
be a referendum is a classic example not of a legal question but
of a political question.
Q245 Mr Soley: Do you agree with that?
Sir Thomas Legg: I do. I think
the thing one needs to hang onto in this, as the former witnesses
were sayingand I think I saw that you had a similar conversation
with Lady Hale the other dayis that the courts, including
the Supreme Court, can only exercise any jurisdiction which Parliament
gives them. There is no suggestion of which I am aware that we
should depart from that fundamental principle. Parliament has
of course in recent years, as other witnesses have mentioned,
made portentous grants of further jurisdiction to the courts which
have brought in a range of issues, which, as certainly Lord Lester
has said, involve issues which hitherto we would have regarded
as fairly political for the courts to deal with but they remain
a jurisdiction of law which Parliament has granted. I personally,
like your other witnesses, am not aware of any ground on which
the sort of challenge you are making could be made and it would
only be if Parliament decides that they should have that jurisdiction
that they would be able to exercise it.
Dr Whitehead: Perhaps we might turn to
the question of the administrations of the court.
Q246 Ross Cranston: I want to ask Professor
Scott about his argument for a separate corporate entity, as it
were, to run the Supreme Court. We had this debate many years
ago. If you could talk us through it and, in particular, tell
us whether it is an argument based on constitutional principle
in a very broad sense or just a pragmatic argument that this is
going to get more resources into the courts?
Professor Scott: As you say, you
and I had these discussions interminably many, many years ago.
The point is that if you look at the proposal in the consultation
paper about the administration of the new court, it does not seem
to me to be satisfactory because if you are going to be serious
about having a Supreme Court which is independent, it pays to
do everything you can, consistent with good government to make
it safe. My argument simply is that one way of making it so would
be to make it responsible for its own administration. As I say
in my paperand I suspect you may have read it, because
you are a readerthis is not accomplished entirely in one
bound by arguments based on constitutional principle. You can
argue forever on the basis of the concepts of separation of powers,
rule of law and judicial independence and still not come to any
conclusion as to how the court should be funded or administered.
It is really a matter of good government, and good government
is a matter of sustaining, sometimes just by image as much as
by rules, the independence of the court. I think that is where
the argument has moved on from the years when you and I first
encountered it. In those days it was assumed that there was a
solution to this problem which could somehow necessarily come
out of clear analysis of such concepts of rule of law, judicial
independence and separation of powers. We have now moved on to
say, "That does not get you there; what does get you there
is thinking through those concepts and saying at the end of the
day, `What will work best?'" I am now quite convinced that
what will work best would be allowing the Supreme Court to administer
its own affairs along the lines that the Supreme Court in Canada
is permitted, the Supreme Court of the United States, and the
High Court of Australiaand, perhaps better, the Australian
federal model, the Federal Court and the Family Court in Australia,
which is the one that I know best, for reasons which I think you
all know.
Q247 Ross Cranston: Could I ask the follow-up
question: If the Supreme Court, why not the other courts?
Professor Scott: I would say,
"Why not all courts?"but then I have had a long
history of disagreeing with people like Sir Tom Legg on this matter.
My feeling is that if there is one court in the land which needs
this kind of independence or needs us to go with this independence,
it would be the highest court in the system. The trouble with
this country is that we have a monolithic attitude towards models
of court administration based on the Beeching model developed
in the 1960s. There are two things to say about that. First of
all, it was a model designed to administer trial courts dealing
with high volume cases, not the small, ultimate Court of Appeal.
Secondly, it was designed pretty much by the best-known businessman
of the day, Lord Beeching. Today, if you focused the equivalent
of Lord Beeching on court administration, he would not come up
with the solutions which Lord Beeching came up with in the 1960s.
Organisation and management thinking has moved on too.
Lord Lester of Herne Hill: I have
not read Professor Scott's paper, but I would just like to say
that not only do I agree with what he is saying but I thought
Lord Browne-Wilkinson put it very well years ago in his famous
and very controversial lecture on the independence of the judiciary,
when he made points about the problems of encroachment by Sir
Thomas Legg's officials into the administration of justice. Having
been attached to the third circuit court of appeals in the United
States and gone to their annual judicial conference and seen how
they managed themselves, I am bound to say that not only the Supreme
Court but the other federal courts manage very well indeed budgets
that have been allocated to them with their own staff. As a serving
judge, sitting both as a deputy High Court judge and as a recorder
for 10 years, I found, for reasons we do not have time to go into,
that it would have been much more satisfactory if court resources
and staff had been under the supervision of a judicial chief executive
who could have allocated them properly . . . perhaps "properly"
is the wrong way of putting it. Differently.
Q248 Ross Cranston: I think Sir Thomas
Legg should have a right of reply at some point.
Lord Lester of Herne Hill: Yes.
Q249 Mr Clappison: On Lord Beeching,
I have to say that as a railway user I do not regard him with
the same amount of affection which you apparently do, even though
he was appointed by a previous Conservative government. I do not
think his reforms were that longsighted either. Could I ask you,
in the light of what we have heard about the expense of setting
up this Supreme Court, given that there does not seem to be a
great public clamour for it, nor, indeed, a clamour amongst the
Law Lords themselvesmost of them seem to be opposed to
it, as we have been toldhow do you justify the expense
of setting up this Supreme Court to achieve the improvement in
the image and independence which you have talked about?
Professor Scott: I cannot answer
the question. My starting point is that if you want to have an
independent supreme court this is the way to administer it. I
have no concluded view at all on whether you should have an independent
supreme court or not. I presume that at the moment there is not
the wherewithal for providing the resource and the House of Lords
in its judicial capacity is costing money, and presumably having
an independent supreme court is going to cost more. You are asking
me an impossible question. Either you want to have an independent
supreme court or you do not. If you are going to have an independent
supreme court it is going to cost money. All change costs.
Lord Lester of Herne Hill: Could
I advise Mr Clappison? First of all, I do not think there is much
value in counting Law Lords' heads to see how many are in favour
and how many are against at the moment. I can tell you on the
basis of conversations with the two who are counted as being in
the so-called majority that one of them told me he was not in
the majority at all and the other told me that if the policy is
that there should be a supreme court then there are very sensible
reasons for it. Also, of course, the composition of the Law Lords
is changing right now and if you counted heads in January you
would probably come to a different outcome. The real point is
that there are very pressing practical reasons for having an independent
supreme court. Many of them are to do with resources. If you go
in the judges' corridor or you go and watch what happens in the
Appellate Committee, or you go and argue, as I do, in front of
them, you will see that the whole system is ludicrous. The public
do not have facilities, the back-up for the Law Lords is very
weak, the judicial assistants do not have proper rooms and so
on. The other thing is that if you open the windows and look at
the rest of the world they would be quite astonished by the idea
that you have a supreme court trapped in a bit of the legislative
building without adequate facilities and mixed up with the legislative
process. My colleague, Professor Jeffrey Jowell, who sits on the
Venice Commission for Democracy, tells me of the astonishment
in the new democracies of Europe when he tries to justify the
present system. One of the arguments that has been put forward
by some Law Lords for their continuing in the present circumstances
is so that one of them can chair Sub-Committee E of the Select
Committee of the European Union on which I have served for the
last eight years under four successive Law Lords. They have done
a marvellous job, but so could Lord Alexander or Lord Grabiner
or Lord Brennan or Lord Goodhart or a lot of other distinguished
and senior lawyers. The argument that they need to be there in
order to service a sub-committee of the European Union Committee
again seems to me to be entirely unconvincing. Let judges be judges
and nothing else. Politicians should be politicians and not judges
and judges should not sit in the legislature.
Q250 Mr Clappison: But they are not doing
any harm, are they?
Lord Lester of Herne Hill: They
are doing harm; of course they are doing harm. First of all, they
are harming themselves. There have been cases that probably one
does not want to go into where particular Law Lords have behaved
unfortunately in a rather incautious way in their participation
in the legislative process. The public reputation of the country
outside for separation of powers is damaged and their ability
to function efficiently as a supreme court is impaired by the
lack of proper resources such as one finds in the High Court of
Australia, the Court of Appeal in New Zealand, a little country
with much better resources for their Court of Appeal in my judgment,
or in Canada or in the United States or in the Netherlands or
in any other workable democracy. Our supreme court facilities
are very poor indeed and they are not compensated for by being
members of the wonderful club called the House of Lords.
Dr Whitehead: Sir Thomas, it has been
suggested that you might like to exercise a right of reply before
we move on. Do you want to add anything on that?
Sir Tom Legg: Very briefly on
that, Chairman, because there are so many other issues in play.
There is a long-standing issue about how far the judges should
be allowed to be in charge of the resources which are voted for
the courts. Obviously, it is one which I have had to argue and
think about over many years. My concern, like those of the other
participants in this discussion, is for the independence of the
judiciary. You have to balance at least two things here. One is,
yes, the judges should certainly have a large say in how the courts
are administered and how the resources are used. For my part,
now that we are going to have a supreme court of the United Kingdom,
hopefully quite separate from the legislature, the nearer we can
go towards giving them something like a one-line budget the better.
I am not against that at all. The balancing factor, which I think
one always has to bear in mind, or at least which I see as something
which has to be borne in mind, is that resources come from the
House of Commons. It is theyyouwho vote them to
the judicial branch of government just as you do to every other
branch of government. Historically, for good reasons, I think,
the House of Commons has never been willing to vote significant
resources to the stewardship of people that it cannot in the last
resort dismiss. Judges cannot be dismissible by the legislature
except for good grounds, which one hopes will have nothing to
do with disagreements about the way resources are used. Therefore,
for the protection of the judges and not for any other reason
I have always thought that we ought to be very cautious about
entrusting significant resources to the judges alone. I think
they should be in the hands of a minister accountable to Parliament.
That is what I see as the issue here.
Professor Scott: I will just add
a little bit on that because Sir Thomas has touched on a point
raised in my paper. Various jurisdictions around the world which
have allowed their ultimate courts of appeal to have a more judiciary
based administration system than an executive based administration
system have all dealt with the issue that Sir Thomas has just
raised. They deal with it in a myriad of different ways. I have
brought with me, but I am sure you would not want me to explain
to you, the budget cycle mechanism for the Family Court of Australia,
all of its reporting and the budgets prepared by the court with
the assistance of the Department of Finance. There is no mediating
minister. It goes straight to the Treasury. There are public hearings.
The Chief Justice himself reports. They are responsible for the
money. All kinds of little mechanisms are put in place to try
and get the legislature to live with the anxiety that Sir Thomas
has highlighted. It works and it means that the staff do not have
the divided loyalties that they have under our system. They work
through the court by being at budget hearings where the Chief
Justice and his Chief Budget Officer, who works with the Chief,
sit shoulder to shoulder discussing things with chairmen of select
committees and senate committees responsible for appropriations.
It is all very public. If the court does not get the money that
it wants the legislature gives a reasoned response and the public
will know whether or not the legislature and the executive are
discharging their duty to support the independent court. That
is the way that in all these little ways the accountability concerns
can be assuaged. It is quite sophisticated, it works, it gives
the courts the independence they need and the independence that
the legislature wants the courts to have because the legislature
is forever enacting legislation for the courts to implement. An
independent court enhances the legitimacy both of Parliament and
of the executive.[1]
Lord Lester of Herne Hill: I find
it very hard as a parliamentarian under our opaque system to discover
exactly what is happening in terms of funding of the court service.
The so-called Modernisation of Courts Programme has had its budget
slashed recently and I have put down question after question asking
what are the negative effects of the cuts in the crucial expenditure
needed to modernise the lower courts and I have not been able
to receive any satisfactory answer at all. All that I get is the
positive side of the modernisation programme. It does not seem
to me desirable that one should have such an opaque system and
I for my part would prefer something like the system that Professor
Scott has been referring to. The other thing I would say, as someone
who has sat as a judge, is that it is very difficult when you
are sitting as a criminal judge or a recorder and you no longer
have anyone, as you used to have, say, 15 or 20 years ago, in
each criminal court to tell judges like me that we are about to
make crass mistakes. When you find that the court staff are withdrawn
for cost-cutting reasons the judges have no real say or control
to try to redress that and that is one of the reasons why Lord
Browne-Wilkinson in that marvellous lecture published in Public
Law sounded a warning note that we could not go on with the
tension that was developing, I suppose, 15-20 years ago and has
got much worse since.
Professor Scott: Lord Browne-Wilkinson
will not mind me saying that vast tracts of that lecture were
written by me.
Lord Lester of Herne Hill: I did
not know that.
Q251 Mrs Cryer: I wonder if you would
all give us your views on methods of appointment to the judiciary,
especially to the supreme court? Can I also ask Sir Thomas Legg
why should the Secretary of State be free to reject a list of
more than one candidate? Is the existence of more than one candidate
for a post not sufficient safeguard of quality?
Sir Tom Legg: To answer that I
have to go back a stage or two to explain that, at least in my
own view, the appointment of judges, and particularly of senior
judges, is a political act in the broadest sense of the term,
and I think myself that at least one other branch of the three
branches of government should be involved. I do not think it is
an accident that nearly every other English-speaking country locates
the power of judicial appointment primarily in the executive.
I believe that the judges should play an important part in the
appointment of judges but it should not be a predominant part
because if it were that would mean that the judges became a self-selecting
corporation and none of the branches of government should be that.
I personally believe that the power of appointment should be primarily
located in an accountable minister. Of course, how that minister
is advised is a different question. I personally accept that the
time has come almost certainly to create a Judicial Appointments
Commission. Indeed, if the office of Lord Chancellor is to be
abolished, I am sure there should be a Judicial Appointments Commission.
It is very important what the rules of engagement are between
the commission and the minister, but I believe that judges should
be recommended to the Queen for appointment by an accountable
minister who exercises a real choice and therefore has real accountability.
I do not myself see how putting a single candidate to the minister
gives him or her a sufficient choice. I know you have a choice,
yes or no, will you accept that one candidate, and it is a matter
of judgment but in mine I think that the minister ought to have
a choice between at least two candidates. That is how I would
arrive at that point.
Q252 Mrs Cryer: Can I ask you all two
questions? In what circumstances should a minister be able to
exercise a power of veto and would he always be expected to give
reasons for rejecting a candidate? Also, if a minister were able
to veto either a list or a candidate, would he not be open to
charges of political motivation?
Lord Lester of Herne Hill: I wonder
if I could add to what Sir Thomas said. What we are trying to
do when we ask and answer these questions is to find ways of strengthening
the independence of the judges, making sure that the quality of
the judiciary is, if anything, improved but certainly not diminished,
making the appointment legitimate in a broad political sense so
that the public have confidence in it, and keeping political interference
in a bad sense to the minimum. It seems to me that in doing that
it is very important that the appointing commissions should be
broad based because one way of making wise decisions is to have
not only judges but other wise people, like the first Civil Service
Commissioner, Baroness Prashar, to take my classic example, with
them. Experience of mixed commissions in other countries, like
the Netherlands, or in Scotland, is that judges get on perfectly
well with senior lay people and they work well together and they
produce, I think, wise decisions. By having a strong lay element
you avoid the problem of Parliament or the House of Commons having
oppressive approval hearings of the United States Senate kind.
One of the reasons why that is very important is that you want
good people to apply to be judges and if they are going to be
threatened with coercive questioning by parliamentarians, for
example, they are not going to be very keen to apply. I very much
support the idea of the judges not having a monopoly of appointment
and certainly I do not like the idea of the Bar and the Law Society
having nominees rather than Nolan appointees. I think everyone
on these commissions should be selected on their individual merits
and not otherwise. I also think that when one comes to the question
that Sir Thomas was dealing with, how much discretion for the
minister, providing you have got a broad-based commission the
discretion should be kept to the bare minimum, but I do not agree
with the extreme views of some who say that the minister should
not come into it at all but that the commission should simply
nominate and it goes straight to the sovereign and that is that.
That does not seem to me to give legitimacy in a political sense.
You need at least a symbolic role for the Prime Minister or whoever
else. In terms of the choice I think it should be very narrow.
The commission should recommend one candidate. If the minister
does not like that candidate then he or she should give their
private reasons for rejection and ask the commission to think
again with another name. That should be the maximum discretion.
The moment you put forward three names or two names you then get
the danger of political interference which one wants to avoid.
Q253 Mrs Cryer: I wonder if all of you
(if you want to) could comment on the role of Parliament. Do you
see any role for Parliament in the process of appointing judges
to the supreme court and would any political involvement in the
selection of judges be in conflict with the need for judicial
Lord Lester of Herne Hill: I think
this Committee should be able to interrogate each of the Judicial
Appointments Commissions subject to the devolution issues. I think
that there should be an annual reporting mechanism to Parliament
so that you as parliamentarians have oversight of the system as
a whole and I think that there should be a minister who is himself
responsible for not only promoting independence, as they all should
be, but also justifying the system that has been set up and the
way that it is operated, and I think that the chairs of those
commissions should come to this committee to account in general
terms for the way they carry out their work, including the criteria
under which they operate and exactly how they go about their work.
I do not think any individual appointment should be the subject
of parliamentary scrutiny.
Sir Tom Legg: This is a point
on which perhaps I am a bit more radical than Lord Lester. I agree
with what he says about the accountability of the commission's
department. I think that is right. Over the years, as Parliament
has successively extended the jurisdiction of the courts into
these very sensitive and important areas which you have been talking
about before, I have come to believe that, at least at the highest
level (and I am talking here about the new supreme court) Parliament
should play a role in the confirmation of individual appointments.
I am trying to choose my words carefully about that. I recognise
of course that comparisons, for example, with the United States,
must be handled very carefully. We are dealing with a very different
constitutional and judicial culture. I have been very interested
over the years to talk to US Supreme Court judges of very different
backgrounds, but they have all had a similar view of this, at
least the ones I have talked to, and that is that they did not
like the confirmation process and did not particularly enjoy appearing
before the Senate Judiciary Committee but, having done so and
having been confirmed, they feel enormously strengthened in their
office as justices of the US Supreme Court because they have been
not just appointed by the President, the head of the executive,
but also confirmed by the legislature. I think there is a real
need here to reinforce the legitimacy of the judiciary. On balance,
although of course there are drawbacks and disadvantages and risks,
I think the risks are somewhat overstated. I think people have
tended to concentrate, if you look at the US, on a couple of very
notorious hearings over the last 25 years where things did not
go well, and they tend to ignore the hundreds of hearings where
things have gone right. I accept that there are problems in this
but on balance, towards the really fundamental aim of building
up the political and constitutional legitimacy of our highest
courts, I would like to see Parliament involved, as I say, in
confirming individual appointments.
Lord Lester of Herne Hill: I would
argue for the contrary, that the reason why the Supreme Court
of the United States is now so illegitimate in the eyes of so
many citizens of the United States is precisely because of the
highly politicised nature of appointments and the oppressive senatorial
scrutiny which I think in many cases over the last ten or 15 years
has worked extremely divisively and deterred good people from
either applying for or being approved as senior judges. I think
that to invite parliamentarians to quiz candidates essentially
about their record and their political viewsmay I give
one good example of the problem, and I am sure I am not going
to cause embarrassment by mentioning this? Sir Nicholas Bratza
is the British Judge on the European Court of Human Rights. There
is no finer judge there. He was my opponent for many years. He
represented the Conservative Government. I used to represent the
individual. He was nominated under a transparent system here to
be that British judge. Lord Irvine of Lairg behaved impeccably.
When it got to the Parliamentary Assembly the British politicians,
I am sorry to say, said that Bratza represented Thatcher; therefore
they were not going to support him as the British judge, and he
was only saved from not being elected by the members of the Parliamentary
Assembly from other countries. That is a classic example, a very
extreme one, of what can happen when you get political considerations
coming into a judicial appointment. I very much hope that we do
not go down that road at all.
Sir Tom Legg: If you will allow
me a postscript on that, of course, this is a matter of judgment
and different people can take different views. I was inevitably
heavily involved in the appointment of Sir Nicholas Bratza. I
was on the panel which recommended him to the ministers concerned
for appointment, and I remember well the incidents to which Lord
Lester referred and they were indeed lamentable. The parliamentarians
behaved in my opinion very badly. On the other hand, if Sir Nicholas
Bratza had had the opportunity to appear before them and explain
the background I suspect that it might have all gone away very
Lord Lester of Herne Hill: He
did have the opportunity. He came before a committee which gave
him a 15-minute interview and that was it.
Dr Whitehead: I think we have a clear
delineation of views here.
Q254 Mr Clappison: As somebody who shares
the concerns of Lord Lester can I put to Sir Tom two concerns
that I have about what he has proposed by way of confirmation
hearings? First, is it unrealistic to expect parliamentarians
to do other than have their own political axes to grind when it
comes to those confirmation hearings and, secondly, is it not
going to be damaging to the apparent independence and legitimacy
of the candidate concerned if political issues become unravelled
in the course of those hearings?
Sir Tom Legg: To take the two
issues in reverse order, what I think we are talking about here
is a balance of risk and advantage. Yes, there is some risk of
those things happening, of Members of Parliament grinding political
axes, and of the process being seen to become somewhat politicised.
On the other hand, you are now dealing with a court at the highest
level, whether it remains the House of Lords or whether it becomes
a supreme court, which is dealing with jurisdictions which are
of enormous political importance. We have travelled down the road
over the last generation away from a world in which what courts
did, though important to individual citizens, was typically of
very little importance to the public interest in a wider sense.
We have travelled at least some of the way down the road towards
the American situation. We have not reached that point and we
probably never will, but what the supreme court does is often
now of very great public and political importance. It is a matter
of judgment but my own judgment is that we have reached the point
where the views and attitudesand, I must add, the balance
of compositionof our highest court have become a matter
of wider public and political concern. Mostly, in the appointment
of judges, you are really appointing professionals to do a professional
job, and the analogy was made earlier with senior surgeons and
that sort of thing, but at the highest levels it is not really
quite like that any more and I think this needs to be recognised.
Q255 Mrs Cryer: I just wanted to mention,
further to your comments on the unsatisfactory nature of the voting
for judges to go on to the European Court of Human Rights, that
I was a member of the Council of Europe for six years and I participated
in one of these votes. I do agree, it is a bit chaotic, because
now there are, I think, 52 countries and I believe each of the
52 has three judges and the Members of Parliament who are voting
know very little about the calibre of those judges.
Lord Lester of Herne Hill: There
is a very good report by INTERIGHTS looking at this issue and
there is a meeting in Brussels on 10 December about the other
European courts where the judges on those two courts are desperately
worried about what is now happening in terms of political interference.
I simply mention that as a cautionary point. Poor old Lady Hale
has been on the receiving end of so much vituperative and unfair
prejudiced tabloid attention and personal attack. If she came
before a committee like yours, even if you were all, as you would
be, wise and impeccable and non-political in questioning her,
can you imagine what the tabloids would do in advance in order
to try to persuade you not to recommend that her name go forward?
It is a horrific prospect. There are already a lot of very able
barristers, for example, who have not accepted appointments to
the High Court Bench, for all kinds of reasons, nothing to do
with pay, I hasten to add, or not mainly to do with pay, and I
am very worried that there will be a real problem of getting able
practitioners, barristers, solicitors or whoever, applying for
these jobs if they think they are going to be oppressed in the
process. You have to have a private, rational, fair system which
encourages them to apply and to give up their freedom as practitioners
for the considerable restraints of having to be a judge for the
rest of their lives.
Dr Whitehead: Can we now move on to the
question of diversity and consultation?
Q256 Keith Vaz: Lord Lester, one of the
reasons the Lord Chancellor suggested that the system should change
was that he wanted a more diverse judiciary. Is this going to
happen under the new system?
Lord Lester of Herne Hill: I think
so. I have read the evidence given by my colleagues from the Bar
Council, Matthias Kelly and Elizabeth Gloster QC. I am bound to
say that I found their evidence, with great affection and respect,
Q257 Keith Vaz: You are not the only
Lord Lester of Herne Hill: I think
there are still serious problems for women and ethnic minorities
in particular in having access to really good chambers and law
Q258 Keith Vaz: Tell us about your chambers.
You head the chambers, do you not?
Lord Lester of Herne Hill: I do
not head them. We have Presiley Baxendale and Charles Flint who
co-head the chambers.
Q259 Keith Vaz: How many black and Asian
people do you have in your chambers?
Lord Lester of Herne Hill: We
have one Muslim, Shaheed Fatima, and we have one Sikh, Pushpinder
Saini, out of 65.


text:
Police arrested a 24-year-old man at London's Heathrow airport on Monday as part of an investigation into people travelling to Syria for "alleged terrorist activity".
The man, who had arrived in the UK on a plane from Bahrain, was held "on suspicion of the commission, preparation or instigation of acts of terrorism", said the force.
He was taken to a police station in south London for questioning by officers from Counter Terrorism Command, the police added in a statement.
Al Qaeda leader Ayman al-Zawahri last month called on Muslims to join the rebellion against Syrian President Bashar al-Assad, according to the SITE monitoring service.
Islamist militant groups have played an increasingly significant role in the fighting.
British police arrested a man and a woman at Heathrow last month as part of similar investigations into travel to Syria . A 26-year-old man was charged on Oct. 16. The woman was released without charge.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
A client asked me for a report that showed who connected to his server on port 3389 via RDP, Microsoft's Remote Desktop Protocol . Apparently some of his techs had been connecting to his servers through the Microsoft Remote Desktop Connection (RDC) to perform maintenance, and he wanted to know when they connected to the server and where they connected from.
I figured I could enable RDC logging through a registry hack, but couldn't find a documented solution anywhere. Finally I found a few tools available from Microsoft that I could use to do the job.
The first tool I used was the Microsoft Port Reporter utility. This program installs as a service on Windows XP and Server 2003. It does generate a large amount of log files, so make sure to configure the log file location on a drive with plenty of free disk space per KB 837243, which has detailed installation and usage instructions.
The Port Reporter service is initially set to manual startup, so you'll have to start it yourself in services.msc. Once the service is running, three detailed log files are created. These files can generate an overwhelming amount of information, so to help you decipher all the data Microsoft released the Port Reporter Parser Tool.
The Port Reporter Parser Tool turns the log file data into a sortable spreadsheet. You can sort and filter the sheet based upon factors such as date, time, local and remote IP and port, Process ID, account name, etc. See KB 884289 for specifics on analyzing logs and tracking suspicious data. You can do so many things with Port Reporter that Microsoft even created a support webcast for the utility. See KB 840832 for more information.
Once I had my Port Reporter log file loaded into Port Reporter Parser, I filtered my data to show only rows where the connection to the local port was made on TCP port 3389. Port Reporter Parser made me a nice report showing all data regarding RDP connections to the server.
My only complaint with Port Reporter Parser is I couldn't save my filtered queries or export them to a .csv or similar format.
Microsoft also has some related tools to Port Reporter –PortQry and PortQuery UI. See KB 832919 for instructions on using PortQry. Other applicable KB articles include:
KB 310456 – How to Use Portqry to Troubleshoot Active Directory Connectivity Issues
KB 310298 – How to Use Portqry.exe to Troubleshoot Microsoft Exchange Server Connectivity Issues
KB 325494 – Support WebCast: Port Scanning Using PortQry
KB 890381 – TechNet Support WebCast: TCP/IP port and process auditing


text:
United States Drought Monitor
Welcome! If you grow forage for livestock and have recently gone through drought, this website can help you find out whether you qualify for assistance. Qualifying for assistance is
based on the U.S. Drought Monitor and on your county's designated grazing periods. To use this tool, you will need to know your county's grazing period. If you are
not sure what it is, please consult your local Farm Service Agency representative.
To read about the Livestock Forage
Disaster Program, please refer to the FSA factsheet: 2014 version | 2008 version
To learn more about the U.S. Drought
Monitor, please visit the
web site.
To apply for assistance, please
contact your
local FSA office.
For help with this tool, please visit the FSA Eligibility Tool Help pages.
The National Drought Mitigation Center | University of Nebraska-Lincoln
3310 Holdrege Street | P.O. Box 830988 | Lincoln, NE 68583–0988
phone: (402) 472–6707 | fax: (402) 472–2946 | Contact Us | Web Policy


text:
By T. Anthony Bell, Senior Writer/Special Events, Fort Lee TravellerDecember 13, 2012
FORT LEE, Va. (Dec. 13, 2012) -- A deep commitment to wounded warriors and a growing concern for suicide prevention has led to a first-time Army Logistics University event that serves to raise awareness for both.
Day of the Warrior, scheduled for Friday and Saturday, combines guest speakers, a 5K run and a mixed martial arts event featuring several notable mixed martial artists .
Retired Sgt. 1st Class Vincent Miller, ALU's chief of combatives and one of the event coordinators, said the idea for 'Warrior" surfaced when he and a colleague began looking for more creative ways to support those physically and mentally impacted by war.
"The concept came from myself and a young Marine captain named Lee Stuckey," he said by phone. "Both Lee and I have been involved with combatives and worked with wounded warriors for years now. Considering that we just had the suicide standown, and with the holidays coming up, we asked ourselves what would be a good way to support our wounded warrior vets and the suicide prevention programs."
The concept eventually evolved and made its way to ALU student committees that organized and coordinated the event, said Miller.
Day of the Warrior is designed to address warriors' needs for encouragement and moral support, said Miller.
"We're going to have folks come in and speak about the Warrior Ethos," said he said of day one. "One of the guests is (Marine) Lance Cpl. Kyle Carpenter. Kyle was with his unit in a three-day battle in Afghanistan. On the third day, they were attacked by grenades, and Kyle made a conscious decision to jump on a grenade to save his buddy."
In addition to the race, a mixed martial arts symposium is scheduled at 1 p.m. at building 12504, located across the street from the ALU cafeteria. It will feature UFC fighter Marcus "The Bama Beast" Brimage and MMA notables Mike Moses and Gabriel Lovce. The fighters will demonstrate techniques and invite attendees to light workouts, said Miller.
Day of the Warrior, said Miller, is an extension of his passion to support those who have sacrificed so much.
"Ever since I've been in combatives, one of my goals was to get these guys out of the hospitals and back on the mats for training; let them feel like Soldiers again."
More importantly, Miller said he hopes the event instills in the participants "a sense of duty to our brothers and sisters in arms so they can take what they've learned back to their units." He also said he hopes the event is sustainable "three, four or five years" after he's departed ALU.


text:
'Live Science' or Last-Minute Scare? Republicans Will Rip at Roe v. Wade
As the obsession with "ultraconservatives" who oppose abortion in every circumstance continues, some in the media are baiting Republicans to fall into the whirlpool of abortion, contraception, and the like to make this election be about anything but Obama's record. For example, Yahoo! News has a piece from Rachael Rettner of LiveScience discussing if Romney could overturn Roe v. Wade, which is odd since this is a column about the courts – not science.
LiveScience already has seen some controversy when it published a study indicating that low IQ and conservative political beliefs are linked to prejudice. However, concerning abortion rights, Rettner cited I. Glenn Cohen, Harvard Law School assistant professor and co-director of the school's Petrie-Flom Center for Health Law Policy, Biotechnology, and Bioethics, who said that "with the justices sitting on the court now, it's very unlikely an abortion case would garner the five votes needed to reverse the ruling."
But Associate Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg, a left-leaning judge who is 79, could retire during the next administration, allowing the president to nominate a more conservative-minded judge. Another justice could retire as well.
If that happens, it's "possible to likely" that the court would have enough votes to overturn the 1973 ruling, Cohen said.
For the Roe v. Wade decision to be overturned, a case dealing with abortion rights would have to reach the Supreme Court, and there are cases in the lower courts that could easily make their way to the nation's top court, Cohen said.
Even if a case does not directly address the legality of abortion — but instead, for example, centers on whether a pregnant woman should be required to view an ultrasound image of the fetus before an abortion — the court could use the case as an opportunity to rule on Roe v. Wade as a whole, Cohen said.
It's the sum of all fears – for liberals.
Towards the end of her piece, Rettner notes that the Supreme Court picks around eighty cases per session, and it's not certain that an abortion case could be added to their docket in the near future. Nevertheless, she notes from Cohen that the Court could narrow the amount of time that is legally permissible to obtain an abortion if the question hinges on if the fetus feels pain.
However, the most egregious part of the piece is the last sentence where in bold Rettner tells us to "pass it on: It's possible Roe vs. Wade could be overturned if a new Supreme Court judge is appointed who takes a stance against abortion rights." Yes, if scary, anti-woman Romney gets elected, American women will be harvested. Run Away! Rettner's piece is extraneous to the parameters of LiveScience, and is unrelated to the issues that are the most salient in this cycle. Roe v. Wade is not an issue in this campaign, nor has it ever been front and center concerning the economic pain Americans are currently enduring.


text:
I have found a more suitable picture for ike. Since this is an article about the actor, there is no need to preserve the geek-like image of the character played. here's the image. File:Ike.jpg. BlockProofed User 09:03, 4 October 2006 (UTC)
- Thanks, but "No, thanks". We prefer to use images from the series and movies, not small icons from some yearbook. The image currently on the page seems to be as good as it gets. -- Cid Highwind 09:25, 4 October 2006 (UTC)
well, then, there surely is another image of his other than this in the movie. 126.96.36.199 09:33, 4 October 2006 (UTC)
If I recall, he had only two major scenes in the movie. The one in Engineering (from which the picture was taken) and in Sickbay, where he was burned. I don't think you'd want a shot of him all burned up leading off the article. - Adambomb1701 17:15, 25 July 2007 (UTC)
The article stated that Ike Eisenmann acted in Escape To Witch Mountain with Brad Dourif. This is not correct. Eisenmann acted in the 1975 original (and its 1978 sequel); Dourif appeared in the 1995 TV remake. - Adambomb1701 18:39, 24 May 2007 (UTC)


text:
Barnard News
April 14, 2017
April 13, 2017
Barnard College is deeply saddened to learn of the recent death of Sheila Abdus-Salaam '74, an associate judge on the New York State Court of Appeals and a devoted and caring alumna of the College.
April 12, 2017
Black Lives Matter co-founder Alicia Garza spoke at Barnard about current affairs and a path forward for the movement.
April 12, 2017
April 12, 2017
Prof. Tovah Klein Says Modern Parents Include Children in Their Own Interests More Often Than Previous Generations
April 12, 2017
April 10, 2017
A Conversation with Pulitzer-Prize-Winner Hisham Matar
April 06, 2017
Six Students Reveal What They are Studying—and Why


text:
Pittsburgh, PA (PRWEB) April 10, 2014
"My wife loves to go to the beach with her friends, and they like to relax in the shallow water and wear wide-brimmed hats for shade," said one of two inventors from Southwest Ranchers, Fla. "They avoid using flotation devices since they are impractical and look silly." This gave them the inventors the idea for an alternative way to have shade while relaxing in the water.
They then created a prototype of the ALL SHADE, an accessory that ensures the availability of shade while in a pool, a lake, the ocean, etc. This eliminates the need for wide-brimmed hats and keeps the user out of direct sunlight. Overall, it promotes comfort and relaxation. Versatile and easy to use, the accessory is ideal for infants, children, adults and elderly people. The invention is patent-pending, and there is a prototype model available upon request.
The original design was submitted to the Hollywood office of InventHelp. It is currently available for licensing or sale to manufacturers or marketers. For more information, write Dept. 12-HLW-1206, InventHelp, 217 Ninth Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15222, or call (412) 288-1300 ext. 1368. Learn more about InventHelp's Invention Submission Services at http://www.InventHelp.com.


text:
> The VPN connection still won't come up. I'm not sure if I'm missing a rule,
> or what the problem is. M0n0wall 1 is running v1.11. m0n0wall 2 is running
> v1.1
quick question - are the machines sync'd to the correct time? eg NTP
if not, then you may have problems creating the IPSec tunnel


text:
Riverfront Property, Delaware River
Airport Rd : Deposit, NY 13751
Delaware County, New York
Farm Description
A limited number of riverfront lots are available on a prime fly fishing area on the West Branch of the Delaware River, in the Catskill Mountains region of New York.
The river below the Cannonsville Dam in Deposit, NY is considered one of the best fly fishing trout streams in the United States, due to the cold water released from the reservoir. The trout population in this river is naturally reproducing, but during the warm months stocked trout from smaller and warmer tributaries will seek sanctuary in its cool water. It is heralded as a "must visit" for all fly fishermen by The Fly Fishing Connection.
The property features a town approved road, driveways, electric and cable to each lot. Each parcel is a waterfront property. Mineral rights are included in the price. Reduced pricing may be available without mineral rights. Owner financing options are available.
For the developer, all 7 lots can be packaged together for $400,000.


text:
A crew for the A&E reality show The First 48 had been shadowing Detroit homicide detectives for months and filmed the incident.
He says he believes a couple of militants have been shadowing him for the past two days.
She spent a day shadowing me, part of an introductory program I instituted for trainees in CTC.
Tuesday, the pirates launched a rocket-propelled grenade at the American destroyer that was shadowing the distressed Quest.
Alexander pointed to a fire trail cutting down the hill, saying that it would be good for shadowing.
You mean, and you may as well own up to it at once, that you were shadowing me.
He sends Charles to detective offices with advices for the shadowing of these runaways.
Here we have our author in evening dress, passing as a man of society at a banquet of the rich, shadowing a "high-flyer" crook.
I fixed up with him to wait for the man who was shadowing me, and I led him down to Whitechapel.
Long and silently she stood by the window, gazing at the shadowing curtain of the coming night.
Old English sceadwe, sceaduwe "the effect of interception of sunlight, dark image cast by someone or something when interposed between an object and a source of light," oblique cases ("to the," "from the," "of the," "in the") of sceadu (see shade (n.)). Shadow is to shade (n.) as meadow is to mead (n.2). Cf. Old Saxon skado, Middle Dutch schaeduwe, Dutch schaduw, Old High German scato, German schatten, Gothic skadus "shadow, shade."
From mid-13c. as "darkened area created by shadows, shade." From early 13c. in sense "anything unreal;" mid-14c. as "a ghost;" late 14c. as "a foreshadowing, prefiguration." Meaning "imitation, copy" is from 1690s. Sense of "the faintest trace" is from 1580s; that of "a spy who follows" is from 1859.
As a designation of members of an opposition party chosen as counterparts of the government in power, it is recorded from 1906. Shadow of Death (c.1200) translates Vulgate umbra mortis (Ps. xxiii:4, etc.), which itself translates Greek skia thanatou, perhaps a mistranslation of a Hebrew word for "intense darkness." In "Beowulf," Gendel is a sceadugenga, a shadow-goer, and another word for "darkness" is sceaduhelm. To be afraid of one's (own) shadow "be very timorous" is from 1580s.
Middle English schadowen, Kentish ssedwi, from late Old English sceadwian "to protect as with covering wings" (cf. also overshadow), from the root of shadow (n.). Cf. Old Saxon skadoian, Dutch schaduwen, Old High German scatewen, German (über)schatten. From mid-14c. as "provide shade;" late 14c. as "cast a shadow over" (literal and figurative), from early 15c. as "darken" (in illustration, etc.). Meaning "to follow like a shadow" is from c.1600 in an isolated instance; not attested again until 1872. Related: Shadowed; shadowing.
: They put a shadow on the suspect
To follow a person secretly; do physical surveillance; tail (1872+)
[verb sense found by 1602 in an isolated instance]


text:
Canberra golfer Nikki Campbell finished the best of the Australians at the Women's British Open, finishing in a tie for 38th in the major at Royal Birkdale Golf Club.
Campbell, currently second on the European Tour's Order of Merit carded a final-round 76 to finish 10-over, 11 shots behind winner Mo Martin.
Campbell and New South Welshman Sarah Kemp (15-over) were the only Australians to make the cut after world number seven Karrie Webb slid out of contention with a horror second-round 79.
Campbell has leapt to 94 in the world rankings after recording consecutive runner-up finishes in her last two European Tour starts.
Martin, who arrived at the Women's British Open as a little-known American, has left as golf's newest major champion after a one-shot triumph.
The 31-year-old from Pasadena in California produced the shot of a blustery final round - a three wood second at the 472-yard 18th that hit the pin and spun six feet away.
She holed the putt for an eagle three, posted a round of 72 and her one under par 287 total was good enough for a one shot victory over China's Feng Shanshan and Norway's Suzann Pettersen.
Martin had led by three shots at halfway but was three behind four-time major winner, South Korea's Park Inbee, going into the final round after a disappointing third round 77.
''The 18th was the greatest shot of my life,'' said the delighted new champion, who has won three time on the Futures Tour but never higher than third in three seasons on the LPGA circuit.
''I fell in love with Royal Birkdale from the first time I saw it.''
with AFP


text:
ANAHEIM -- Sure, the Dodgers' Yasiel Puig is taking the major leagues by storm, but was he a little late to the party to get put on the National League All-Star team?
Angels manager Mike Scioscia believes so.
"I think he's got to go a little further to earn it," Scioscia said.
The Angels' Mike Trout leads American League outfielders in All-Star votes and likely will be a starter in the game, which takes place July 16 at the New York Mets' Citi Field. Last year, Trout started the season in the minor leagues before hitting the floor running in the big leagues and getting the All-Star nod. But he had more than 200 at-bats going into the game, and Puig just recently broke the 100 at-bat barrier.
"We saw him a little bit in spring training. The five tools just jump out at you, the way they do with Mike Trout," Scioscia said of Puig. "You do have to earn your way onto the team. You have to put the time in."
Puig was batting .440 with eight home runs and 18 RBIs in 109 at-bats going into Thursday's game at Colorado.
"Right now, the fly in the ointment is his lack of at-bats," Scioscia said. "But he's as exciting a player as you'll see in the major leagues. And there's a push now to bring the best talent into that game because of how the winner gets home-field advantage in the World Series. So they'll give him a deeper look."
Puig has shown amazing athleticism on offense and defense, much like Trout, who was batting .315 with 13 home runs and 53 RBIs with 20 stolen bases and 57 runs going into Thursday's game against St. Louis.
"Two dynamic players in one city," Scioscia said. "It's tough to find a more exciting combination than what the Dodgers have with Puig and what we have with Mike Trout - These guys are doing things you very rarely see young guys do in the major leagues."
The All-Star game rosters will be announced at 3:30 p.m. Saturday on the MLB All-Star Game Selection Show on Fox.
Hank Conger was in the lineup for the second consecutive night, as he moves from a backup catcher role into more of a position-sharing situation with Chris Iannetta (.211, six homers, 26 RBIs), who has had his struggles at the plate.
Conger entered Thursday batting .267 with five home runs and 13 RBIs in 105 at-bats, and is getting more playing time of late.
Just don't call it a platoon situation.
"I don't know if it's much of a platoon. When you talk about platoon you talk about righty-lefty matchups and things like that," Scioscia said. "There's a bit of a time-sharing that's gone on the last month and I think it's benefited both players. Both players want to be out there as much as they can. I think it's taken a little pressure off of Chris and given Hank a chance to contribute."
Conger slugged a two-run homer Wednesday night and threw out two potential base stealers.
"We're seeing constant improvement," Scioscia said. "His throwing has taken an 180-degree turn since spring training. He's put a lot of time and hard work into it. There's definitely a consistency throwing the ball that you want from a major-league catcher."
Conger said he has benefited from having a former catcher as a manager.
"Even in spring training my mechanics were sound, my footwork was in place. It was just my release point - it was all out of whack," Conger said. "The best thing about Scioscia is he understands catching: receiving, throwing runners out - everything. He and the staff make an effort with catchers to make them well-rounded players."
At the plate, the switch-hitting Conger is using the whole field more rather than pulling everything.
"His evolution as a hitter, particularly from the left side, has been interesting," Scioscia said. "In the minors, he pulled everything. Now he has the ability to drive the ball to left field and left-center field."


text:
Mark Coleman joined LWC in June 2013. Before coming to
LWC, he spent five years as the dean for
administrative and financial services at
Cabarrus College of Health Sciences in North Carolina. Prior
to entering the field of higher education, Mark
spent nine years in the financial industry
working at Wachovia Capital Markets, LLC. His most
recent position there was as a business ...
read more


text:
I made the switch from Smoothwall about a year ago. Never looked back.
I implemented the transparent proxy feature (Squid) separately on an older
Duron 850 computer. In fact, I actually improved our home network security
by implementing the separate proxy, together with content filtering. I use
Clarkconnect for that purpose.
I implemented only Squid and DansGuardian out of the whole ClarkConnect
solution. (it was easier to do it with ClarkConnect than from scratch)
Our current setup is that only the proxy computer is allowed outside
connections through M0n0wall. The logs provided by Squid tell me exactly
what connections are made and DansGuardian lets me block objectionable web
sites or domains. I had to tweak some applications to use internet
connexions through the proxy. In some cases that was not obvious, for
example with Webroot's Spy Sweeper, my favourite antispyware.
You may also be interested in pfSense, a product derived from M0n0wall that
includes additional features and packages (it is still in beta testing).
However, if you want a small, high performance and reliable firewall, then
look no further. M0n0wall is just that.
-----Original Message-----
From: Brian McEntire [mailto:brian dot mcentire at gmail dot com]
Sent: 12 mai 2006 23:12
To: m0n0wall at lists dot m0n0 dot ch
Subject: [m0n0wall] Monowall comparison to Smoothwall Express?
I'm very impressed with Monowall and will probably replace my home f/w
(Smoothwall Express) with it. I am using the DHCP server on Smoothwall and I
see Monowall has that functionality listed as one of it's features.
Has anyone made this switch? Are there any features you used in Smoothwall
that you had to implement somewhere else on your network b/c they weren't
part of Monowall? I'm just looking out for gotchas that might not be obvious
at first glance.


text:
A shirt size. In the North it is referred to as "6XL" or "XXXXXXL". Named so because of the massive size of some Texans.
by Vulpes_Inculta September 26, 2012
The Urban Dictionary Mug
One side has the word, one side has the definition. Microwave and dishwasher safe. Lotsa space for your liquids.Buy the mug


text:
August 12, 2013
Princeton Review has ranked the Bortz Library at Hampden-Sydney College #4 in the latest Best Colleges guide. If one is judged by the company you keep then Hampden-Sydney is in good company. The top five are 1. Columbia; 2. The University of Chicago; 3. Yale; and 5. Harvard. The Bortz Library was ranked 11th two years ago and seventh last year.
However, it is possible for one of the best to get better. In the next couple years, the Fuqua Technology Commons (formerly Fuqua International Communications Center) will be moved to the main (2nd) floor of the Bortz Library opposite the circulation desk. The reference stacks will be shifted to the lower section of the main floor. All the support - media librarian, Blackboard administration, and technology help desk - will be on the main floor. This will be accomplished with no reduction in seating. Bortz has seating for 550, half the student body.
The Fuqua Computing Center will be moved from the ground floor of Johns Auditorium to the 1st floor (ground level) of the Bortz Library in the space now housing the Technology Commons. All College-related technology will be housed in one building.
Dr. Cy Dillon, Director of the Library and College Computing, says that the additions on the main floor can be accomplished without diminishing the open and spacious look of the area. Moving these services to the main floor will not only facilitate the use of the library but it will bring more people and activity closer to the entrance. According to Dillon, "A busy space is more welcoming. When someone comes into the library, I want them to see people and have a sense that those people are there to help."


text:
hogfodder (34) Washington | February 19, 2008
First of all, Otaru itself is a beautiful little town. The 30 minute train ride from Sapporo is scenic, cheap, easy, and all the reason you need to go. Do it. The brewery & pub enjoy an idyllic location on bank of a charming picturesque canal, and they certainly made a big attempt to match that beauty on the inside. Looking for Munich in Japan? Found it. The feel is supposed to be Bavaria I think, but there is an undercurrent of costumey kitch that is unintended (lost in the translation of style I would guess). Still, I found those shortcomings charming. The food was great and the menu vast, almost too westerny for what I was seeking, but good nonetheless. Lots of cheesy items. The pils & dunkel were both excellent. Probably the best lagers I had in Japan. The weiss was less impressive, but still good. While more for the visuals & overall experience versus the beer, I would go back here in a heart beat. Thanks for the tour TimE!
shoulderbroken (393) Tokyo, Japan | April 12, 2015
A fun place and my clear favourite out of the two Otaru breweries. Very German feel, massive place and similar beer and food selection and prices to Beer Horn in Akasaka. Well worth stopping in if you are in Otaru as there's not a great deal else to do there! As stated below, 3 regulars and 1 seasonal.
Hoser (178) Cowtown, Alberta | October 22, 2014| Updated November 2, 2014
On a three week trip of Japan we visited this at the start of week three. The place although there was hints that it was in Japan the place seemed more like it was suited to being in Germany. A grand German beer hall. Thanks to the brewery and the head of sales showing us around. Ein Prosit.
KansaiBeerLvrs (522) Kyoto, Japan | January 4, 2013
This brewery up in Otaru has a fantastic atmosphere. From the outside you have a cool 19th century warehouse along a canal and inside you have high ceilings, wood everywhere and a giant copper brewkettle in the middle of the room. They have tours of the facilities lasting about 20 minutes which is nice though I think you're better off calling ahead if you want it in English. They have four taps, a Dunkel, Weizen, Pilsner & a seasonal. When I was there it was a Dunkelbock which was a bit more expensive than their standards. Prices here are great, plus they have growlers (1800 yen for the bottle & 700 yen for the beer), take out beers (500 yen) as well as bottles, tons of glassware and other beer gear. I hear on Thursdays & Saturdays it is all you can drink for 2200 yen! The beers are solid examples of the styles, my favorite was the weizen so maybe they tweaked it hogfodder went in 2008. If you want innovative beer this isn't the place for you but if you want good beer, great atmosphere & a german vibe in Japan you should definitely visit. If I lived in Hokkaido I would have picked up a growler...
TimE (341) Tokyo, Japan | February 13, 2008
Boxy and big, it is unusual for Japan. Interesting decorations, which make it despite its size feel very comfortable. Well attended by tourists. Prices are a bit higher than I expected, but beer quality is great. Three regulars, plus one seasonal, usually. food is fairly good too (try the baked potato in salt). Given the quality of beer (bottles are a shadow of the draft at the brewery), this is pretty much a must stop in Otaru.
MartinT (521) Montreal, Quebec | November 6, 2007
Check out my article for information about this delightful restaurant owned by Otaru Beer: http://www.ratebeer.com/Beer-News/Article-700.htm


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Winsor Hotel
Real Reviews
Real reviews from fellow travellers
These are trusted reviews from guests who have actually stayed here. We hope you find them helpful.
Note: we only give a property a rating once it has received a minimum of 3 reviews.
- Page:1/1
- " DO NEVER EVER BOOK THIS HOTEL (if you can even call it like this!) I checked in and left the place after 10 minutes, homeless guys in front of the door peed on my bags because I wouldn't give him money. After I told the staff they didn't even say anything. Gross, dirty, old and smelly hotel. Bathrooms are in the hallway and I couldn't even find the courage to go wash my hands. Worst choice ever, worst area ever, worst environment ever. Spend a little more and go away, not safe at all "
- 11 Sep 2016 Anonymous Italy
- " The best hostel for this money! Perfect location and nice room! All employees are so friendly and always ready to help you!)) "
- 10 Sep 2016 Anonymous Russia
- " Especially the mattress was a disaster. We felt the steel feathers the whole night! The blanket had a lot of wholes and looked not nice at all. "
- 08 Sep 2016 Caroline Germany
- " The location is very convenient; very close to Powell station. Staff are nice and helpful. We asked for more hangers, borrowed hair dryer and were able to get. Room is clean, and has everything we needed except for slippers. They provided left luggage service free of charge. Though there were some homeless people, we were not bothered by them. 24 doorman made it secure. Generally speaking, it is a great place to stay for a limited budget. "
- 04 Sep 2016 Anonymous China
- " Room was adequate had a sink a bed a table and a tv/stand the TV might have been at least 20 years old but it did not matter most since most of my time is spent outside of the hotel. At first it feels a bit unsafe mostly during night as there is a large congregation of homeless people right outside of the hotel but despite this "Scary" appearance me and my girlfriend were never bothered by any of them. Location was great most Tourist attraction were withing 30 mins drive. No atmosphere at all. "
- 06 Aug 2016 Nestor USA


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Have a Tax Question? Ask a Tax Expert
Hi and welcome to Just Answer!
The best way is to determine your quarterly estimate taxes based on your prior year tax liability.
- You might avoid underpayment penalty. Generally, most taxpayers will avoid this penalty if they owe less than $1,000 in tax after subtracting their withholdings and credits, or if they paid at least 90% of the tax for the current year, or 100% of the tax shown on the return for the prior year, whichever is smaller.So - if you know your prior year tax liability and estimated tax liability for the current year - you may determine the minimum amount of estimate taxes to avoid underpayment penalty.
If your tax liability will be more or less than in the prior year - you will correct your estimate taxes in the last payment.
Let me know if you need any help or clarification.


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RoseAnn V. Shawiak
RoseAnn V. Shawiak (October 6,1950 / New Jersey)
» Click to list general statistics » OR, select a date :
Aching Heart
Rising with the swell of an ocean's waves,
flying with the gulls for a moment,
then falling down - deeply - into ocean's depths.
Pain-filled heart - hurting.
read more >>
- Hits: Number of visitors who read the poem on the given date.
- Posts: Number of visitors who posted the poem to a friend (via e-mail) on the given date.
- Dates that have "0" hits may not be shown on the list.
- Dates, poems and poets that have "0" hits may not be shown on the list. Statistics are generated daily.


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Salvage Baker's Rack Tower
- No Longer Available -
A reproduction of original cooling racks used by French bakers at the turn of the century, our shelving suits kitchens and other arenas of the house.
Show Details +
- 34"W x 21½"D x 77½"H; 114 lbs.
- 34"W x 21½"D x 95½"H; 167 lbs.
Product Not Available
We're sorry. This product is no longer available
Please continue browsing.


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Patricia Urquiola + Glas Italia: Shimmer
Colorful fluidity in a robust glass table
Patricia Urquiola's poetically contemporary "Shimmer" table is brilliant in both its concept and physicality. Made from iridescent glass with a multicolored finish, the small tripodal table reacts with light, which allows its surface to seemingly change hue depending on your vantage point. The graceful shifts in color lend it a balletic energy, and the lack of construction materials (the parts are joined with glue) keeps the focus on its prismatic effects.
Of the striking range of glass projects Glas Italia showed at Salone del Mobile this year—including a thoughtful inaugural collection from the Bouroullec brothers as well as Piero Lissoni's exquisitely simple "Labyrinth" tables—Urquiola's "Shimmer" was the Italian glassmaker's (slightly) hidden gem. Those in New York for the upcoming ICFF and NYCxDesign week can see the Milan highlight at DDC, where it will be on view and available for purchase. Depending on size and finish (glossy or opaque), the table ranges from $2,540 to $2,987.
Images courtesy of Patricia Urquiola + Glas Italia


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Polla-IK Model
Allen ImmanuelPhotographer Male San Francisco, California, US
My MM URL: http://www.modelmayhem.com/allenimmanuel
Mayhem # 1084851
About Me
If I recently friend requested you I'm in the process of casting for a series of music videos. This is a non paying gig but you will get press. I'm looking for the right models and make-up artists with the right attitude. You must be able to have fun and know how to dance or at least move your body!
The name is Allen Immanuel Pavo and I'm a progressive photographer. I believe that the subject should never be controlled but for the moment to speak for itself. Art is my life and capturing perfect moments is my game.
Its my goal to surprise the viewer and the subject with a side of themselves they have never captured before. The greatest art is always created when the relationship between the subject and photographer are on the same wavelength.
My style is always changing, I tend to think of myself as a trendsetter but one things for sure, I believe that living on the edge is more exciting and rewarding.
I'm a huge fan of abstract art and you can tend to see it in my work. I would love to work with anyone that keeps a fresh outlook on things and is not affraid to bare their soul.
Have you worked with Allen Immanuel? Add Credits for Allen Immanuel! >>
Credit Notes
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Subject: Re: [htdig] htsearch won't execute. How do I....
From: ATLE VEKA (firstname.lastname@example.com)
Date: Fri May 12 2000 - 13:24:44 PDT
Are you sure your /cgi-bin/ works at all? Is it "turned on"/enabled? What kind of webserver are you using?
>>> "James McLaughlin" <firstname.lastname@example.com> 05/12/00 12:45PM >>>
Can someone please explain to me the best route to take when setting up an
executable file in the cgi-bin. I have HTdig installed, but I cannot get
htsearch to execute.
I am |--| this close to getting this to work..
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Salicylate sensitivity
|This article needs additional citations for verification. (December 2010) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
|Salicylate sensitivity
|Salicylic acid
|Classification and external resources
Salicylate sensitivity, also known as salicylate intolerance, is any adverse effect that occurs when a usual amount of salicylate is ingested. People with salicylate intolerance are unable to consume a normal amount of salicylate without adverse effects.
Salicylate sensitivity differs from salicylism, which occurs when an individual takes an overdose of salicylates.[1] Salicylate overdose can occur in people without salicylate sensitivity, and can be deadly if untreated. For more information, see aspirin poisoning.
Salicylates are derivatives of salicylic acid that occur naturally in plants and serve as a natural immune hormone and preservative, protecting the plants against diseases, insects, fungi, and harmful bacteria. Salicylates can also be found in many medications, perfumes and preservatives. Both natural and synthetic salicylates can cause health problems in anyone when consumed in large doses. But for those who are salicylate intolerant, even small doses of salicylate can cause adverse reactions.
|This article's factual accuracy is disputed. (June 2017) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Depending on whether the salicylate is a component of food or medicine, salicylate intolerance is a form of food intolerance or of drug intolerance.
Salicylate sensitivity is a pharmacological reaction, not a true IgE-mediated allergy. However, it is possible for aspirin to trigger non-allergic hypersensitivity reactions.[2][3] About 5-10% of asthmatics have aspirin hypersensitivity, but dietary salicylates have been shown not to contribute to this. The reactions in AERD (Samter's Triad) are due to inhibition of the COX-1 enzyme by aspirin, as well as other NSAIDs that are not salicylates. Dietary salicylates have not been shown to significantly effect COX-1. [4]
Samter's triad refers to aspirin sensitivity in conjunction with nasal polyps and asthma.[5]
An important salicylate drug is aspirin, which has a long history. Aspirin intolerance was widely known by 1975, when the understanding began to emerge that it is a pharmacological reaction, not an allergy.[6][7]
|This section's factual accuracy is disputed. (June 2017) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
The most common symptoms of salicylate sensitivity are:[citation needed]
- Stomach pain/upset stomach
- Tinnitus ringing of the ears
- Itchy skin, hives or rashes
- Asthma and other breathing difficulties
- Angioedema
- Headaches
- Swelling of hands, feet, eyelids, face and/or lips
- Bed wetting or urgency to pass water
- Persistent cough
- Changes in skin color/skin discoloration
- Fatigue
- Sore, itchy, puffy or burning eyes
- Sinusitis/Nasal polyps
- Diarrhea
- Nausea
- Hyperactivity
- Memory loss and poor concentration
- Depression
- Pseudoanaphylaxis
|This section's factual accuracy is disputed. (June 2017) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
|This article's factual accuracy is disputed. (June 2017) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
There are no laboratory or skin testing methods for testing salicylate sensitivity. Provocative challenge is one method of obtaining reliable diagnosis. Provocative challenge is intended to induce a controlled reaction as a means of confirming diagnosis. During provocative challenge, the person is given incrementally higher doses of salicylates, usually aspirin, under medical supervision, until either symptoms appear or the likelihood of symptoms appearing is ruled out.
|This article's factual accuracy is disputed. (June 2017) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Completely eliminating salicylate from one's diet and environment is virtually impossible and is not a recommended course of action by many immunologists.[citation needed] The range of foods that have no salicylate content is very limited, and consequently salicylate-free diets are very restricted.
Desensitization involves daily administration of progressive doses of salicylate. This process is usually performed as an inpatient, with a crash-cart at the bedside over a six-day period, beginning with 25 mg of I.V. lysine-aspirin and progressing to 500 mg if tolerated.[8]
Montelukast is one form of treatment used in aspirin-intolerant asthma.[9]
See also[edit]
- ^ "salicylism" at Dorland's Medical Dictionary
- ^ Palikhe NS, Kim SH, Park HS (October 2008). "What do we know about the genetics of aspirin intolerance?". Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics. 33 (5): 465–72. PMID 18834360. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2710.2008.00961.x.
- ^ Narayanankutty A, Resendiz-Hernandez JM, Falfan-Valencia R, Teran LM. "Biochemical pathogenesis of aspirin exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD). Clin Biochem. 2013 May;46(7-8):566-78. doi: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2012.12.005. Review. PMID 23246457
- ^ Jang AS, Park JS, Park SW, et al. (November 2008). "Obesity in aspirin-tolerant and aspirin-intolerant asthmatics". Respirology. 13 (7): 1034–8. PMID 18699807. doi:10.1111/j.1440-1843.2008.01358.x.
- ^ Kim JE, Kountakis SE (July 2007). "The prevalence of Samter's triad in patients undergoing functional endoscopic sinus surgery". Ear, nose, & throat journal. 86 (7): 396–9. PMID 17702319.
- ^ Casterline CL (November 1975). "Intolerance to aspirin". Am Fam Physician. 12 (5): 119–22. PMID 1199905.
- ^ Patriarca G, Venuti A, Schiavino D, Fais G (1976). "Intolerance to aspirin: clinical and immunological studies". Z Immunitatsforsch Immunobiol. 151 (4): 295–304. PMID 936715.
- ^ Pfaar O, Klimek L (Dec 2006). "Eicosanoids, aspirin-intolerance and the upper airways--current standards and recent improvements of the desensitization therapy". J Physiol Pharmacol. 57 (Suppl 12): 5–13. PMID 17244950.
- ^ Kim SH, Ye YM, Hur GY, et al. (September 2007). "CysLTR1 promoter polymorphism and requirement for leukotriene receptor antagonist in aspirin-intolerant asthma patients". Pharmacogenomics. 8 (9): 1143–50. PMID 17924829. doi:10.2217/146224184.108.40.2063.


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Amanda Shares Wisconsin Gifts That Ship Out of State On ABC 27 in Madison (Video)12/4/2012
If you're still shopping for some holiday gifts and you need a few last minute ideas for family and friends, we've got you covered.
Amanda from Wisconsinmade.com Shares Ways to Treat Your Friends and Family to WI Gifts (Video)11/27/2012
Amanda shares Wisconsin gifts with Tiffany and Molly on the Morning Blend.
Wisconsinmade.com Makes the List of Favorite Spots for Foodie Deals Online 11/26/2012
Looking for deals on foodie gifts? OnMilwaukee.com lists the top places to find savings online.
Amanda Shares Pink, Pumpkin and Packer Gifts on the Morning Blend (Video)10/16/2012
Amanda shares gifts for the 3 Ps of October: pink, pumpkin and packers!
Artisans in the News: LeRoy's Ketchup Praised in Food Business News 8/20/2012
Wisconsinmade.com artisan MMGroup had their gourmet flavored ketchup featured in the lastest issue of Food Business Magazine. Gourmet Food Retailer also named LeRoy's Ketchup an editor's favorite.
Artisans in the News: Faraway Farms Featured in Country Living Newspaper7/5/2012
Al Petrie of Kiel Wisconsin was featured in an article in Country Living Magazine. He talks about his company, Faraway Farms and the state cutting boards he creates which are available for shipment nationwide on Wisconsinmade.com.
Amanda Talks to NBC 15 About Military Appreciation for July 4th (Video)7/3/2012
Amanda talks to Carleen Wild about Wisconsinmade.com's Operation Gratitude Fundraiser and APO/FPO gifts.
Wisconsinmade.com Gifts Make The Yahoo! Sports Top 10 List of Brewers Father's Day Gifts6/6/2012
"Fathers are real-life superstars, and if your dad happens to be a Milwaukee Brewers fan, there are plenty of gifts out there for you to present him with on Father's Day that will make him feel like a true MVP."
A Wisconsin State of Mind: Wisconsinmade.com Mentioned in Milwaukee Magazine Article5/30/2012
Milwaukee Magazine mentioned Wisconsinmade.com's Wisconsin state cutting board in an article about Wisconsin pride.
Heart-Shaped Kringle Named In Top 5 Mother's Day Gifts By What's Cookin Website5/8/2012
A sweet Wisconsin treat is a favorite at WhatsCook.in.
Artisans in the News: Becky's Blissful Bakery Owner Named In Milwaukee Business Journal's Forty Under 403/5/2012
When Rebecca Scarberry was laid off from her job, she turned her candy making hobby into a successful business. Read more in the Milwaukee Business Journal.
Wisconsinmade.com Mentioned in Wisconsin Business Magazine2/3/2012
Company founder and CEO Linda Remeschatis weighs in on The Amazon Law with Corporate Report Wisconsin .
Artisans in the News: The Reigning Whiz of Artisanal Cheese - Wall Street Journal 1/18/2012
The Wall Street Journal refers to Wisconsinmade.com aritsan Sid Cook of Carr Valley Cheese as The Reigning Whiz of Artisanal Cheese.
The Price is Right Features Wisconsinmade.com Pies as a Prize (Video)12/23/2011
Come on down! Skip to 9:52 to see Wisconsinmade.com's homemade pies on America's longest running game show.
Amanda from Wisconsinmade.com Shares Holiday Gift Ideas on the Morning Blend (Video)12/7/2011
Amanda and Tiffany tell you how to keep it in Wisconsin and enjoy the ease of shopping online with Wisconsinmade.com.
Madison's Channel 3000 Invites Amanda to Talk Wisconsin-made Gifts (Video)12/7/2011


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On Thursday the City Council of Philadelphia approved a controversial 1.5 cent tax per ounce of soda. Hillary has endorsed this tax, which violates the pledge she made at the Democratic Primary Debate in New Hampshire. This pledge she made on December 19th was to not raise taxes on families making under $250,000 a year.
The tax will affect sodas and other sugary drinks, including teas, sports drinks and energy drinks. Drinks exempt from the tax are those that are more than 50% fruit juice, vegetable juice or milk.
That would add 18-cents to the cost of a can of soda, $1.08 for a 6-pack or $1.02 for a two-liter bottle. By endorsing a soda tax, Clinton was endorsing a very regressive tax that falls more on the poor.
A tax on sugary soft drinks, like the one proposed in Philadelphia and endorsed by Mrs. Clinton this week, can be seen as a very regressive tax that falls more on the poor than the rich, since the poor tend to drink more soda, according to the New York Times.


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Alumni Web site "OurLynn" Goes Live
Published Sep. 11, 2009
Today, the Office of Development and Alumni Relations, launched phase one of "OurLynn," the new Web site and password-protected community for Lynn University alumni.
"Lynn University has an exciting and compelling story to tell," says Matt Roos, alumni director. "OurLynn will expand Lynn's reach while providing alumni around the world with a one-stop-shop for information on alumni and campus events, as well as a more personalized and interactive experience."
Some of the features of the Web site alumni can look forward to include:
"Stay Connected" through an online alumni directory. Alums can customize their profiles, post a note or search the directory for a classmate.
"Alumni News and Events:" includes news and feature stories, photo slideshows (alumni can upload their photos of events, kids, etc.), an alumni calendar of events with the ability to register online, and PDFs of past Lynn Magazines
"Alumni Services:" includes information about the alumni card, bookstore discounts, the alumni association, LU license plate, career services, transcript requests and continuing education
"Get Involved": gives alumni the opportunity to make a gift.
Check out – and log onto – the new site at www.lynn.edu/alumni. Please note that OurLynn is built for optimal viewing and functionality in IE7 or later versions, or Firefox.