text:
Have a Tax Question? Ask a Tax Expert
Points will be deducted ratably over the life of the loan.
Amounts are rounded to the nearest dollar.
For a twenty five year loan deduct each month 1/300 of the total (12 x 25 = 300).
For a full year you will deduct 12/300 of the total, 5625 times 12/300 = 225 for the second year and so on until all used or paid off.
For purchase 4/1 the loan was in force for 9 months or 9/300 = 169 deduction the first year.
It is not critical what you call it on Schedule E: points or prepaid interest. Usually this is listed on line 12 as mortgage interest but can also be listed on line 13 as other interest if that is best for you. When I have more than one item that will total, such as line 12 mortgage interest such as on Form 1098 and points I prefer to use a subschedule that lists the items and the total that is then carried to line 12.
Which line you use and what you call them is up to you and based on what is most useful and understandable to you, now and in the future. Pick what works for you.
Regardless of which line on the form the expense is listed (or what it is called) it is the same result of deducting that prorated portion of the total points each year.
If you refinance and pay off this loan any remaining amount not yet deducted at the time of the refinance will be taken in full as an expense in that tax year.
A useful reference of what and how to deduct closing costs for rental property is at http://www.minassiancpa.com/articles/realestate/closingcosts.html
Please ask if you need more discussion or clarification.
Thank you.
From my Hud Statement: Line: 103 Settlement charges to Borrower $10,730
$5625 Points.
Remainder fee $5105 Example credit report, appraisal fee, floor certificate, Tax Insurance, Lenders title.
Loan 25 years.
I may depreciate $5105.00 over 25 years of the loan. As well?
I bought property 4/1/2013.
IN total I will depreciate $10730 over 25 years? Yes
Or only points. What do I do with remainder expense?
I own 5 properties. I made a mistake in the past. I use to add whole closing cost.
Example $10730 directly to purchase price. That was my basis.
I never depreciated settlement cost.
2nd question. If I refinance in 2 years. I will be able to write off on Schedule E.
Only remainder balance on points. $5625.00?
Unused fee I subtract from Schedule E. Line ? Other Expenses – Deductable points.
Please be specific.
Purchase price $650,000 loan 25 years.
650,000 x 75% = Basis for property $487,500 Will depreciate. 27.5 years.
Purchase date 4/1/2013.
Points $5625.00 depreciate 25 years life of loan add to basis.
Tax service $200
Environmental Transaction $900.00
Title Lender's insurance $2612.50
Insurance Service $85.00
All these fees add to BASIS depreciate for over 27.5 years.
B) Property Tax and Property Insurance from Had Statement will be subtracted on Schedule E
C) If I refinance in 2 years remainder fee for points I can deduct on Schedule E
Line 13 other INTEREST??? Where exactly I subtracted.
D) 2nd refinance I uncured points fee I will be able to depreciate new point fee correct.
Hello again
All these fees add to BASIS depreciate for over 27.5 years.YES
D) 2nd refinance I uncured points fee I will be able to depreciate new point fee correct
YES will treat the same as the points on original loan.
You have it all correct.
This is a rental property:
Bought property 4/1/2013 rental leases starts 9/1/2013
I paid taxes 1st quarter covering period 4/1, 5/1 and 6/1 .
Quarter taxes $3500.00 do I add that quarter to basis as well.
2nd I borrowed 150,000 from my line of equity to pay for renovation
Interest from 4/1 to 8/31/2013 is added to basis. ?
Interest from 9/1/2013 once tenants move in -12/31/2013 is reported on line 13
Schedule E?
3rd I borrowed 40,000 from my visa. To pay for renovation. Incurred 3% transaction fee meaning $1200.00 Fee for borrowing money beside introductory 1.99 interest rate.
Transaction Fee $1200 I add to BASIS or Can deduct on SCHEDULE E. Line 13 Bank Fees?
Interest on credit card from 4/1/-8/31/2013 I add to basis?
Remainder interest from Credit CARD. 9/1/2013-12/31/2013 I subtract from Line 13 Schedule E.
Although follow up to a question is part of the service, site policy is that each new question must be in a separate thread.
We already moved past the original question on deduction of points and discussed how to deduct all of the other closing costs which you have correct.
This latest series of questions is not part of the points question or even part of closing costs which was also answered.
Please start a new thread (you can put my name in the question) so we can work on these other questions.
I do look forward to helping you get correct the taxes, interest and renovation cost after closing but have to ask we not do so in this question because of site policy.
Processing fee $1200.00 I incurred on VISA. Besides Monthly interest. I add to BASIS. Not Depreciate. Who lump sum.
Rental leases on this property begin 9/1/2013.
Visa Interest 1.99 % on $40,000, I subtract on Schedule E. Under line 12 or is line 13 other interest. Do I have to attach sheet other explain other interest.
Hello again,
Processing fee $1200.00 I incurred on VISA. Besides Monthly interest. I add to BASIS.
Yes, the 40,000 spent plus the 1200 fee are both added to the cost basis of the property.
Yes this is other interest on line 13.
Whenever I have more than one item I do use a subschedule that show the various items and the total that will go over to the line,
Also use a description that you can identify later. For example "Interest on loan for improvements" or "Interest on renovation made before rented" or what best serves you.
There is not any need to explain it with the return but there is a need for you to be able to identify what you did claim.
Also, please know that if there are other items on this credit card and the balance is being paid down that perhaps it will not always be 1.99% on the entire 40,000. As the credit card balance is paid down there will not always be 40,000 due.
As always, please ask if you need more discussion or clarification.Thank you.
Depreciation question.
Bought building $165000 renovated it for $45000
Closing cost points title survey $5000
Overall cost $215,000
Date: 09/1/2013
How do I estimate percentage to building less land.
Any reasonable method can be used for the allocation.
My favorite method is to look up the assessed value on the property appraiser site for the entire property and the land and to use that same ratio to the purchase price. So, if the appraiser has total at 150,000 and land at 30,000 then 1/5 is land value. Using that 1/5 of my purchase gives me my land cost basis and also gives me the percent that my sales price is for the land.
If the appraiser had 1/5 of the assessment for land and the 170 was the purchase then 1/5 of the 170 would be land basis with 4/5 (plus improvements) the cost for depreciation of the building.
As mentioned, any reasonable method is allowed. For example, if there was a comparable sale of a lot that could be a reasonable cost of the land. Or, a local experienced real estate agent may be able to give a reasonable cost of the land.
Hope this gives several ideas of how to use a reasonable method to determine the cost of the land.
Assessed Value on taxes example 452,100
Building 375,000
Tax assessors value of building and land $826600
DO I add improvement cost to 375000 and renovation cost 45000
Adding building cost to $420000
I think in the past I made a mistake I would add total cost of purchase plus renovation and closing cost. Add allocate 30 % to land and 70% to building. I have been doing this for 10 years. Would my prior depreciation would be disallowed.
I need to keep appraisal report for years with the file.
What if I depreciated at a rate of 70 % towards building 30 % towards land. I don't know how I got these rations. Read somewhere in the past.
Deprecation for last 10 years will be disallowed.
Plus how do I work with you in the future.
I think in the past I made a mistake I would add total cost of purchase plus renovation and closing cost. Add allocate 30 % to land and 70% to building. I have been doing this for 10 years. Would my prior depreciation would be disallowed
If 30% (or a bit more) is reasonable for that property then there is no reason that any prior depreciation would be disallowed, no.
Building 375,000Tax assessors value of building and land $826600
Sorry I did not quite follow what you are asking. (And 452100 + 375000 = 826100)
If the assessed total was 826600 and the land was 452100 then the land was about 55%.
The assessed values are used just to get the percent, fraction or ratio of the land and building. That same ratio is then used on the purchase or sales price to find your portion of building and land. The actual amounts for assessment are not used except to find the fraction.
The most correct method is to use the land fraction and building fraction on your total cost including closing cost. Then add improvements or renovation to either land or building as it applies to that portion.
But, remember it only has to be reasonable and not necessary the most exact.
There is a procedure using Form 3115 to correct prior wrong depreciation, if needed. This is a bit difficult and may be best done by an experienced tax practitioner. This is a change in accounting method that can be done when the error is discovered or when the property is sold.
Also realize that any depreciation claimed now (or before now) will increase the gain when the property is eventually sold or disposed. So, the benefit is only in when the depreciation expense is taken since when sold that expense amount taken will be taxed to you as gain.
The best way to work with me is to include in your question my screen name , jgordosea, when you ask a question as that will stay with the question for other experts to see.If you choose me as the expert you want to work with when you ask but do not put my name in the question that choice later may not be seen by other experts. If I happen not to be online you can still ask any other expert that does answer that you want to wait for me to help you.
Hope that helps to clarify .
Please do ask if you still need help or make another question with my name.
Thank you for the opportunity to be of service.
Excellent advice.
if I depreciated building at a higher rate, Depreciation on sale will not be disallowed by IRS. I will simple pay higher tax.
A friend told me I need to calculate square footage of lot.
Indeed, using square footage might be another reasonable method if you know a value for that area. Still I prefer to use the property assessment as I can that is a reliable source of expertise in land value.
Thank you for the compliment, but the best thanks is your rating.
Please do include my name in any new question you may have.
This is a residential 4 family property. Accountant I am interviewing
agresively talking about 25 year depreciation and 15 year .
I am confused. Parking lot he want to depreciate 15 years.
I only know 27.5 year depreciation.
Kitchen cabinet I depreciated 27.5 years should have used 7 years.
He want to depreciate it in 10 year. Didn't bring improvement to the building. Cost $7000
He is questing me my last years 15 years prior depreciation.
Items could have been improvements instead I added them to basis.
IS that a problem. I wanted to be conservative.
Please instruct. Kitchen, bathroom remodel should be 5-7 or 11 year depreciation. NOT one year expense.
I am typing a new question would like to get you on SITE.
Receive another practisioner.


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Today, Congressman Elijah E. Cummings (D-Md.) introduced the Constitution and Citizenship Day Act of 2012, H.R. 6390, to commemorate the 225th anniversary of the signing of the U.S. Constitution. This legislation would encourage civic education by providing high school students new opportunities to learn about the Constitution and to register to vote.
"In 2008, young people turned out to vote in record numbers. As those voters mature and their younger siblings prepare to participate in their first election, it is essential that we expand our efforts to educate them on the principles enshrined in our Constitution," Cummings said. "Regardless of political party, young people should be given the opportunity to learn what our democracy means and to partake in our democratic process. This legislation would ensure that all students have both experiences."
In the 2008 presidential election, an estimated 23 million eligible voters were under the age of 30. In 2012, that number will increase to more than 45 million.
Constitution Day falls annually on September 17th . The Constitution and Citizenship Day Act would award competitive grants to schools to enable them to commemorate Constitution Day with educational programs that teach students about the U.S. Constitution and state constitutions.
To be eligible for a grant, schools must plan and hold assemblies or presentations that discuss our nation's history and the importance of the Constitution.
Source: http://cummings.house.gov/press-release/cummings-introduces-legislation-commemorate-constitution-day

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Monica Guzik
Clinical Social Worker
I am a bilingual Licensed Clinical Social Worker with over ten years of experience. If you are struggling with relationships, depression, anxiety, self-esteem issues, or weight loss and body issues, I believe I can help you. My therapeutic approach is client centered with a foundation in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy.
Raleigh, NC 27614
- Anger Management
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Monica Guzik's Documents
Demographics served
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- Clinical Social Worker NC - C007272
Associations And Honors
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- Adephi University B.S. — Social Work 2005
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Rates & Insurance
Breakthrough has not yet partnered with all insurance companies, but you or the therapist you select may contact your insurer about covering your online care. We strive to accept all insurers but we can not guarantee coverage.
If you receive care on Breakthrough but your insurer declines coverage, you will be billed at the therapist's self-pay rate.
If you can not find a therapist who accepts your insurance, call us at 1-888-282-2522 and we will try to find a therapist who can see you.
- Self Pay
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text:
Thu, 13 Jan 2011: Growth prospects good for Eastern Europe…
Jan 13, 2011 Baltics
"Emerging markets have solid growth stories and are not directly weighed down by peripheral issues," the expert pointed out. Europe's developing nations will grow 3.1 percent this year, according to forecasts by the International Monetary Fund. That's more than double the 1.5 percent eurozone expansion shown in a Bloomberg survey of economists. Credit-default swaps on junk-rated Ukraine and Romania are among the world's best-performing government-linked contracts in the last three months, while Greece, Ireland and Spain are the worst performing, CMA prices show. Investors are shunning the debt of countries including Spain and Portugal as austerity measures fail to reassure bondholders that they can meet t... Read the rest of this entry »
Tags: Austerity Measures, Bondholders, Contracts, Credit Default Swaps, Developing Nations, Eastern Europe, Economists, Emerging Markets, Greece, Growth Prospects, International Monetary Fund, Investors, Ireland, Peripheral Issues, Portugal, Romania, Rsquo, Spain, Three Months, Ukraine


text:
A chiefly send-off
Citizen Staff Reports 09/27/12
Henrico Fire Chief Edwin Smith retired Sept. 14 and received a surprise send-off from Henrico firefighters and county officials on his last day. Smith was greeted in the parking lot of the county's Public Safety building by several fire trucks, a ladder truck with an American flag flying and numerous members of the division, which he led for the past five years.
Smith spent 38 years with the division, beginning in May 1974 as a firefighter. He served in every suppression position as a firefighter and officer and advanced to serve as an inspector, investigator and later commander of the Fire Prevention section. A promotion to battalion chief and later chief of training for the division preceded his appointment to chief Aug. 18, 2007.
Smith is an active member of the International Association of Fire Chiefs, International Association of Black Professional Fire Fighters, Virginia Fire Chiefs Association and Central Virginia Fire and Arson Association. In 2010, he was appointed by Virginia Gov. Bob McDonnell to the Virginia Fire Services Board.
Preschoolers give pillows to families in need
By Ashley Luck, Special to the Citizen 07/24/2017 FeaturesGeneral News
A group of preschoolers from Chesterbrook Academy Preschool donated 56 pillows to local families in need at the Housing Families First shelter. The shelter is always in need of pillows and linens as, since families take the donated ones with them to their new homes.
Housing Families First provides shelter and support for homeless families and assist them in finding a permanent housing solution. The shelter serves people year-round, said Terri Iguina, operations and volunteer manager at Housing Families First. > Read more.
Dairy Queen's Blizzard sales July 27 to benefit Children's Hospital of Richmond
Citizen Staff Reports 07/24/2017 BusinessGeneral News
Dairy Queen's 13th Annual Miracle Treat Day – Thursday, July 27 – will raise fund to benefit sick and injured children being treated at Children's Miracle Network hospitals throughout the United States. Locally, $1 or more from every Blizzard Treat sold at participating locations will be donated to the Children's Hospital of Richmond at VCU. Last year, the event raised more than $14,400 for the hospital. > Read more.
Crime Stoppers' Crime of the Week: July 24, 2017
Citizen Staff Reports 07/24/2017 General NewsPublic SafetyCrime of the Week
Crime Stoppers needs your help to find the person who struck a pedestrian in the City of Richmond.
On July 21 at 12:52 a.m., a woman was crossing the street at Forest Hill and Sheila Lane when she was struck by a dark colored four-door sedan that was traveling eastbound on Forest Hill. She was transported by ambulance to Chippenham Hospital for minor injuries and released. > Read more.
Henrico Police locate missing man
Citizen Staff Reports 07/24/2017 General NewsPublic Safety
Henrico Police have located a missing 46-year-old Henrico man.
Police had reported Kevin William Cannelli missing this weekend, after he was last seen July 18. He was located safe in the Richmond area July 24. > Read more.
Police had reported Kevin William Cannelli missing this weekend, after he was last seen July 18. He was located safe in the Richmond area July 24. > Read more.
Business in brief
Citizen Staff Reports 07/24/2017 BusinessBusiness in BriefGeneral News
For the ninth year in a row, Puritan Cleaners is conducting a one-day-only community program that offers everyone in Richmond a free cleaning of one pair of pants. The event, called Free Pants Wednesday, will be held on Wednesday, Aug. 2. The offer is good at all 13 Puritan locations throughout the greater Richmond area with no strings attached. There are no minimums or other stipulations (other than suede and leather pants are excluded). This year, Puritan has partnered with the Richmond SPCA to help raise awareness for the Free Pants Wednesday program while also raising awareness for homeless kittens awaiting adoption at the Richmond SPCA's humane center. The two organizations collaborated on a short movie which can be viewed at http://www.puritancleaners.com/community/free-pants-wednesday. This video is the latest in the light-hearted, low-budget, and intentionally campy videos associated with the Free Pants Wednesday program. Previous versions have featured racing at Richmond Raceway, ex-VCU basketball coach Shaka Smart, Todd "Parney" Parnell and the Flying Squirrels, and Bill Bevins and Shelly Perkins of Easy 100.9. > Read more.
Business in brief
Mother, son work to raise funds for Make-A-Wish
Eyes in the sky
Rock on!
Goochland man arrested at RIC with gun
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Print Edition
Jul. 20, 2017Current edition | Archive
Restaurant Watch
Weekend Top 10
'Five Flights' opens July 20 at CAT Theatre
Henrico actress lands role in Christian TV series
All's fair in food and fun
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Obituary – Hoyle S. "Chick" Walters
Obituary – Janet Sue Vest
Obituary – Barbara Jean (Chilton) Crider
- More Obituaries
Glen Allen woman raising companion dog
Guided tour of Malvern Hill planned as part of 'History at Sunset' series
Anthem LemonAid registration now open
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Growing a grown-up: Part II
How to grow an adult
Make 'em take the pledge: no more snuff boxes!
- More Opinions
Code Lacrosse joins Richmond Strikers
5 Henrico student-athletes win scholarships at awards dinner
RIR to host playoff race in 2018
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|July 2017
Place an Ad | More Classifieds
CalendarEastern Henrico Recreation Center will offer "Establishing a New Lawn, Renovating an Old One" from 7 p.m. to 8 p.m. A master gardener will review how to decide if you should renovate your existing lawn or establish a new one. The class will also cover the steps needed to maintain your lawn year-round. Registration required. For details, visit http://www.henrico.us. Full text


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HIV-Negative: How the Uninfected Are Affected by AIDS
Copyright © 1995 by William I. Johnston
New York: Insight Books-Plenum Press
"Shit," thought Stuart, a 37-year-old software engineer, when he found out he was HIV-negative. "I've got to go to work tomorrow after all."
Gay men spend a lot of time and energy during the HIV testing process anticipating a positive test result. When considering testing and during pretest counseling, they commonly imagine how their lives might change if they learn they are HIV-positive. Test counselors often ask potential testers, "How will learning you are HIV-positive affect your mental health? How will it affect your sexual behavior? Who will you tell? What reactions do you anticipate?" These hypothetical questions help testers assess whether they are ready to learn they are HIV-positive.
Test counselors might just as well ask these questions about testing HIV-negative, yet few do. In fact, gay men spend much less time and energy during the testing process anticipating a negative result and considering its significance. Perhaps this is because they tacitly assume that being HIV-negative is desirable and that learning about being uninfected is a good thing. Gay men frequently assume they will be relieved and happy when they hear they are uninfected. They expect that testing negative will somehow resolve all their issues, will magically "take care of AIDS."
Yet this is not the case. The individual who tests HIV-negative, although "reprieved" for a time, must continue to live in a world where the threat of HIV infection continues to exist, and where more gay men become infected each day. The individual who is HIV-negative still must contend with the fear of becoming infected and cope with the illness and deaths of others. Yet the belief that a negative test result will somehow magically "fix" everything is common. Perhaps the distress and uncertainty of not knowing about HIV status leads us to assume that testing negative will take care of things.
Few people consider in advance the complicated emotional reactions that sometimes follow a negative test result. Some of these reactions are expressed immediately during the posttest counseling session. These include relief, elation, feeling lucky, disbelief, and doubt. Other reactions may follow later, surfacing days, weeks, or even months after a negative result. These include survivor's guilt, reluctance to disclose negative results, isolation, disappointment, despair, depression, and -- not least important -- acceptance.
I hope this chapter helps gay men who test HIV-negative see that they are not alone when they have complex emotional reactions to a negative result. I hope too that it will encourage HIV-test counselors to look carefully at the messages they convey. Do counselors unconsciously suggest that a positive test result is more "important" than a negative test result -- that being infected is better than being uninfected -- when they spend most of the counseling session discussing the consequences of a positive test result? If counselors do not wish to give this impression, perhaps they should not focus exclusively on preparing their clients for positive test results.
Relief is understandably the most common immediate reaction to testing HIV-negative. "I breathed a sigh of relief," said Derek, a 25-year-old graduate student from Muncie, Indiana, about his negative test result. "For once I was glad I failed a test," Derek added, referring to the irony that a negative result was a positive outcome.
What is a negative test result a "relief" from? It can be relief from the anxiety of not knowing whether you have a life-threatening illness. It can be relief from the stigma of being HIV-positive in our society. It can be relief from concern about whether your past sexual encounters infected you or your partners with HIV.
These various anxieties and concerns are sometimes so repressed from conscious thought that relief is expressed by bursting into tears. This unmediated emotional response is one way of expressing the degree to which anxieties and concerns have been pent up. Joshua, a 52-year-old hospital worker, recalled, "I just cried for about an hour. It was such relief. I don't think I have ever known that kind of relief. And then I realized how scared I had been."
Edward, 39, who in chapter 3 discussed being afraid his nieces and nephews might become ill from spending time around him, told me this:
I remember feeling an enormous sense of relief when my test came back negative, like a huge weight had been lifted off my shoulders. I didn't know what to do with those feelings, because I didn't realize where that weight was coming from. I had never really known I was carrying it around to that degree.
Men frequently used this metaphor of a burden suddenly being lifted from their shoulders to describe their relief, expressing the degree to which anxieties and pressures were bearing down on them.
Relief is sometimes followed by a kind of elation. Todd, 26, the composer who fainted during his HIV test, described the concert he performed the day he learned of his negative test result:
I was absolutely euphoric when I found out I was negative. I had a concert that evening and I played blithely. It really was like I was celebrating something: I was celebrating life. I felt I had a second chance. I speak like someone who had had a great deal of unsafe sex. Now that I think back, it seems terribly irrational, because I hadn't really done anything very risky.
Elation upon learning about being HIV-negative can have drawbacks, however. When I learned I was HIV-negative in 1989, I sailed out of the testing site, elated at my good fortune in having escaped HIV. I walked right past an AIDS hot line coworker in the waiting area -- with whom I had worked weekly for three years. He had gone for HIV testing the same day I had, without telling me, and had returned to get his result the same day I did. I did not see him or hear him call out my name. I wish my elation hadn't preoccupied me, because if I had heard him, I could have been nearby when he learned his test result. Instead, I walked on. He found out he was HIV-positive that day. He didn't tell me until six months later.
Another drawback of elation in response to a negative test result was mentioned to me by a couple of the men I interviewed. They reported going out and having unsafe sex after they learned they were HIV-negative. Perhaps the test result gave them a kind of permission to do this because it removed the fear that they might infect someone. Or perhaps this behavior reflects a more complex psychological discomfort about being HIV-negative, a kind of unwillingness to be a survivor. Then again it may simply have been a way to express elation and "celebrate" some good news. The irony is that this variety of celebration might have undermined the very HIV-negative status being celebrated.
HIV-negative gay men who had unprotected sex before the concept of "safe sex" arose often wonder why they were "lucky" enough to avoid HIV when their friends were not. This "feeling lucky" is common among men with high-risk pasts, who wonder at the capriciousness of fate that left them uninfected.
One of the tasks that survivors of traumatic events frequently undertake is to explain why they have survived. In trying to explain why they remained uninfected while peers with similar sexual histories became infected, some gay men toy with the idea that there is something unique about their immune systems that makes them less likely to become infected. Some men feel "charmed" when they get a negative result, believing it is a sign that they cannot become infected. I suspect, however, that most gay men recognize they are not invulnerable to HIV just because they have tested negative.
Others have tried to read a larger meaning into their good fortune. Jimmy, a 47-year-old psychology doctoral student from Kentucky, said testing negative had influenced his decision to change careers: "I do not believe in coincidences. I took it as a sign that I was meant to do something with my life. I chose AIDS-related work when I changed careers, and some part of that process has been my own negative status. I feel a responsibility to those who have not been so lucky. Luck had everything to do with my being negative. It is up to us, the healthy, to care for those who were not so fortunate. There, but for luck and perhaps a little education, go we."
The British writer Simon Watney, noting that luck played a large role in who became infected and who did not in the early years of the epidemic, argues in an essay about AIDS and gay identity that the uninfected have a responsibility to their infected peers.
...I believe that the single, central factor of greatest significance for all gay men should be the recognition that the current HIV-antibody status of everyone who had unprotected sex in the long years before the virus was discovered is a matter of sheer coincidence.... Every gay man who had the good fortune to remain uninfected in the decade or so before the emergence of safer sex should meditate most profoundly on the whim of fate that spared him, but not others. This is why HIV disease is, and will always remain, an issue for all gay men, regardless of our known or perceived antibody status. Those of us who chance to be sero-negative have an absolute and unconditional responsibility for the welfare of sero-positive gay men.[1]
Watney makes this statement to argue that the uninfected must not judge themselves superior to the infected nor dismiss AIDS as an issue of concern only to the infected. His assertion that being HIV-negative was a matter of luck for many gay men is undeniable. But his claim that all HIV-negative gay men have an unconditional responsibility for the welfare of HIV-positive gay men -- though morally compelling -- does not follow logically. To me, Watney's sweeping conclusion sounds like a variation on the theme of "survivor's responsibility" described by Jimmy above. Must we atone for being HIV-negative by committing ourselves unsparingly to AIDS work and the welfare of the infected as a way of recognizing that our being uninfected is an unearned privilege?
I agree with Watney that some HIV-positive and HIV-negative men are not responsible for their HIV status, largely because of the caprice of fate. Certainly it is important to recognize the degree to which chance is responsible for HIV negativity. But we must not discount the ways in which gay men have consciously reduced their risks when they learned how to do so.
In the passage quoted above, Watney does not address those gay men who grew up and became sexually active in the age of AIDS. For them, being HIV-negative is not simply the result of luck but is often the result of deliberate decisions to stay uninfected by careful behavior. When these younger men voice "luck" as the reason they are uninfected -- and they often do -- are they not discounting their own activities, dismissing their own safer behavior, even though such behavior might well have saved them from HIV infection? If gay men believe the principal reason they have survived is that they are "lucky," might they also believe that one day their "luck" will run out? Attributing survival to "fate" -- although attractive to older men seeking to explain their HIV negativity -- has some drawbacks. Might it discourage some people from practicing safer sex? Could it lead them to imagine they have no agency in staying uninfected?
Another common reaction to a negative test is disbelief. Some men honestly cannot believe that their negative result is correct. This is especially true of partners of HIV-positive men. They may express surprise or confusion at a negative result because they anticipated a positive result. Sandro, 23, whose narrative appears in chapter 2, expressed his disbelief by returning to the testing site to look at the paper on which his result was recorded. When he told me this, I remembered getting my own test result. Even though I had not to my knowledge had an HIV-positive sexual partner before I got tested, I too needed to see the result myself, as if viewing it printed on a piece of paper would somehow convince me of its accuracy.
Some men are doubtful about their test results for good reasons. They may have had very risky experiences in the past and be completely surprised at their negative results. Or they may have gotten tested too soon after an exposure to HIV to be certain about interpreting the result.[2]
Other men express doubt about their test results even when there is little reason to. They may ask to be tested repeatedly before they can accept the results. Even then, they may insist that there is some error[3] in their test results, or they may conclude that they do not create antibodies in response to HIV infection and so reconcile their belief about being infected with their negative results to the tests currently in use. Claude, 34, whose narrative appears in chapter 8, provides an example of this doubt. Unable to shake the conviction that he was infected, he wondered if he would "become positive" in his sleep.
For some people, expressing doubt about their test results is not related to an irrational conviction about being infected; rather, it is a way of ascertaining how to behave in the future. I frequently got calls on the AIDS hot line in Massachusetts from people who had recently tested negative wondering if they could trust their results. They sometimes expressed this by asking, "How accurate is the test?" Usually this was because they wanted to know if they could "throw away the condoms" and have sex without the fear of infecting a partner. Because I am not prescient, I was unable to assure HIV-negative callers that their test results were an indication of their actual HIV status at that moment. This often left callers frustrated and disappointed.
For HIV-negative gay men in particular, disbelief or doubt about negative test results may be an expression of the difficulty they have in accepting that they have been spared when so many of their peers were not. By maintaining that they have not really "escaped" HIV, gay men who disbelieve their HIV-test results are able to cement a link between themselves and the HIV-positive, returning to what I described in chapter 5 as the sometimes more comfortable position of being undifferentiated from HIV-positive peers.
Among those who believe their test results, relief and elation at getting a negative test result are often quickly curbed by a sobering realization that the result might have "gone the other way." Many men told me that they did not immediately tell others about their negative test result. In the face of the immense suffering and loss caused by AIDS, celebrating one's HIV-negative status is seen as crass. I believe this is a manifestation of a kind of survivor's guilt.
The term "survivor's guilt" was first used in the literature about survivors of the Nazi Holocaust, and it was later applied to veterans who returned from Vietnam. Nowadays the term is used in a wide variety of situations to recognize that anyone who has lived through trauma is likely to grapple with existential questions about having survived: "Why me? Why was I spared?" Similar questions confront many HIV-negative gay men: "Why was I spared from HIV when so many of my friends were not? Why should I be uninfected when I exposed myself to the same risks that infected others? Do I deserve to be uninfected?"
Like Holocaust survivors or Vietnam veterans, HIV-negative gay men sometimes have difficulty coming to terms with having survived. Often they attempt to explain why they have survived, attributing their survival to simple luck or natural immunity to HIV. Still others, troubled at having survived, take on an unrelenting commitment to AIDS work as a way of atoning for their survival, or of punishing themselves for having survived. Finally, many men seek to tell stories about the epidemic's impact on their lives as a way of "witnessing the epidemic." I suspect that one of the principal reasons men were eager to be interviewed for this book was that it offered them an opportunity for this kind of "sense-making" about surviving.
When gay men wonder if they "deserve" to be uninfected, I believe they are expressing ambivalence not only about surviving, but about being gay. Some gay men feel unworthy of surviving because they believe their past sexual behavior deserves punishment. During the Holocaust, Jews naturally wondered why they were being persecuted unjustly, and some of them could not help feeling that there must be some reason for the persecution. Gay men too sometimes internalize society's persecution of them and imagine that they must somehow "deserve" HIV. In this way, sexual guilt and internalized homophobia are linked to survivor's guilt.
Survivors feel that they must explain why they have escaped persecution or horror, why they have not experienced it fully. Jews who survived the Holocaust sometimes wondered why they were not killed. Was being killed a mark of the true Jew? Are those who survived somehow less than fully Jewish? These questions sound ridiculous, and yet many gay men feel that by being HIV-negative, they are not "truly gay," they have not experienced the complete gay identity.
Damien, a 38-year-old journalist, spoke about the complex identification between gayness and AIDS:
I think people who are HIV-negative feel that we are left out, that our gayness is lessened. The gay community has adopted AIDS, for obvious reasons, as its cause. For the past few years, AIDS has overshadowed every other aspect of the gay community. It seems as though AIDS is such a big thing that if you don't have AIDS, or you don't have a lover that has died of AIDS, you are not part of the dominant factor.
A great danger in identifying with a persecuted minority is that you are tempted to equate yourself with being persecuted, and then to experience shame or guilt if persecution is not carried out to fatal extremes. Could this shame or guilt ever be so great as to encourage someone to become infected with HIV in order to "belong"? In chapter 8, Claude speculated about this; in chapter 18, Frank discusses it explicitly.
Not all the men I interviewed felt guilty about being HIV-negative. Some of those who attributed their HIV negativity to luck told me that they did not feel "guilty" about being HIV-negative because they could not honestly claim responsibility for it. Others did not feel "guilty" that some men were HIV-positive because they did not do anything to cause that to happen. They did not think they had abandoned their HIV-positive peers simply by not being infected. As a result, they did not feel a need to atone for being HIV-negative, or that being HIV-negative was shameful. Finally, some men refused to discuss "survivor's guilt" at all, because the AIDS crisis is not over and they were not sure that they would survive the epidemic.
Discussions about disclosing HIV-test results usually focus on disclosing HIV-positive results. Because being HIV-positive is seen as a stigma, and because it raises the possibility of irrational fear, avoidance, and discrimination, disclosing one's HIV-positive status to family, friends, lovers, and colleagues is fraught with danger. The difficulties in disclosing HIV-negative status are rarely discussed. And yet, surprising as it may seem, many HIV-negative men are reluctant to tell others around them that they are uninfected, as if they are ashamed of being HIV-negative.
This reluctance is based on many factors. In the first place, the act of getting tested for HIV is for many a very private decision. Fearing that the result might be positive, some men get tested without telling anyone because they are afraid that seeking support from friends would mean they would have to announce their results to those friends. When the result comes back negative, it may be difficult to announce because of the lack of preparation.
It is also hard to talk about the fear and anxiety of the testing process with friends and family when the test result comes back negative. Listeners often dismiss the tester's agonizing experience of getting tested, concentrating instead on the test result, especially when the result is "good." They expect the person who has tested negative to be happy and may be perplexed or impatient if he is not.
It is perhaps most awkward to talk about being HIV-negative with HIV-positive friends. Some men are reticent about their negative status because they do not want to appear smug, boastful, or condescending. Underlying this reticence may be a belief that it is insensitive to speak of one's HIV-negative status with those who are HIV-positive. In fact, many HIV-positive men rejoice on hearing of others' negative status because it seems to offer proof that the epidemic will not take all gay men. Other HIV-positive men, occupied with their own issues, find it difficult to muster much enthusiasm about someone having tested negative. It may not seem a compelling topic.
The reluctance to tell others around them that they are uninfected leads to feelings of isolation in many HIV-negative gay men. Aaron, a 46-year-old management consultant, said this:
I would like to know what other people are feeling who are HIV-negative, what other people's experiences are. It's something I don't talk about much with my close friends. Maybe going to a support group would help me feel less isolated. It sounds strange: I am caught in the epicenter of the epidemic and yet I feel isolated.
Some men I interviewed felt they were in a minority because they had tested negative. In reality, the majority of people who get tested in the United States test negative, and the majority of people in the world -- both tested and untested -- are uninfected. So being HIV-negative does not mean being in a statistical minority.[4] Men who talk of isolation are describing instead a kind of psychic minority status that is based on the prominence of AIDS in urban gay communities.
It may be that this psychic minority status is related to the visibility of services and support for HIV-positive people and the lack of services and support for the HIV-negative. In urban centers in the United States with well-developed gay communities, when a gay man learns he is HIV-positive he knows he is not alone. He knows there are support groups, social events, and medical services that he can take advantage of. He knows there are community activists, social workers, and medical professionals who can help him. A kind of culture has developed around being HIV-positive, a culture based on grassroots organizing, advocacy by people with AIDS, and the dedication of health-care providers, clergy, and volunteers. Is there a way in which this culture unwittingly tells uninfected men that in order to be taken care of they need to be infected?
People with AIDS formed the acronym PWA to describe themselves, but -- to put it bluntly -- there is no such thing as a Pw/oA. When a gay man learns he is HIV-negative, there is no culture in place to support him in staying HIV-negative and in coming to terms with being a survivor. Only in a handful of cities in the United States are there support groups for people to discuss the psychological impact of the epidemic. In most cities, even proposing that such support groups be formed is met with accusations that this would funnel scarce resources away from already underfunded services for the HIV-positive. In December 1994, for example, a man who identified himself only as an "HIV victim" disrupted a meeting of the Boston HIV-Negative Support Group and handed out leaflets criticizing two AIDS service organizations for funding the group. The leaflets featured a drawing of a house with rain outside and an open umbrella inside.
Curiously, it is not the HIV-positive who most frequently object to the provision of support services for the HIV-negative, but the HIV-negative themselves. Perhaps because of survivor's guilt, HIV-negative men are often ashamed to admit that they have concerns, fears, or needs regarding the epidemic. An HIV-negative support group leader in San Diego told me, for example, that even in 1994 none of the men in his group had told their friends that they were attending a support group.
I am convinced that this shame among the HIV-negative is one of the reasons that creating support services for HIV-negative gay men has been so difficult. We do not want to prioritize our concerns over those of the HIV-positive, which we deem more important. We are ready to disregard our own mental-health needs in the face of the challenges that HIV infection poses to our friends and lovers who are infected. We justify neglecting ourselves by believing we are unworthy of attention.
Accustomed as we are to viewing being HIV-negative as a good thing, it may be difficult at first to understand why some people are not happy when they receive a negative test result.
One man I spoke with talked about a kind of disappointment, related to his expectations about testing: "I was convinced that I was HIV-positive," he said. "When I got my result back and it was negative, I expected to be euphoric, but there was really no such change in my life. Why don't I feel different because of this gift?" Not only was he "disappointed" by not being positive as he had expected, but he was disappointed that he did not experience a feeling of elation as a result of learning he was not infected.
Walt Odets, a psychotherapist in Berkeley, California, reports this story of a 37-year-old client whose reaction to a negative result perplexed a test counselor:
When I went in, I knew I was positive, and I'd psyched myself up for two weeks about how I was going to deal with it.... But when the nurse gave me the [negative] results, I was really shocked -- I had just not even given this possibility a thought. And for a minute I just didn't react, and then I thought to myself, "Oh my God, what am I going to tell all my positive friends? They're going to be very mad at me.... I have no right to be negative because I've done all the things they did." All of this went through my mind ... and I started crying and the nurse kept saying, "I don't think you understand -- negative is good." She just kept saying that over and over again, and I just kept crying.[5]
Disappointment can be acute in HIV-negative gay men who are in relationships with HIV-positive partners. Peter, a 26-year-old teacher from Toronto, told me that he was "not happy" when he learned he was HIV-negative. He had mixed feelings: he felt guilty for being spared, relieved at not being infected, and apprehensive about what would become of his relationship with an HIV-positive partner. It is common for such men to feel confused by learning they are HIV-negative, and to wonder if difference in HIV status will be a form of distance.
For some men, a negative result means that they are likely to observe more deaths as the epidemic rages on. Having to watch peers die is horrible, and anticipating having to do this for the remainder of one's life can lead to despair. David, 35, a software writer from San Francisco, wrote to me about the despair and depression he experienced shortly after his initial euphoria upon learning he was HIV-negative:
More difficult to explain is the depression that followed, a darkness that has proven, if less dense than my old fears, even more pervasive. A friend explained it as similar to the depression that a survivor of a plane crash experiences, that it is impossible to be in such close proximity to catastrophe and not be a part of it, even if you are left standing once the catastrophe passes.
The analogy my friend made was not quite correct. My situation is more like that of a person on a plane doomed to crash, with the knowledge that many of those around him will perish but that he will likely survive.
After one of the big jet disasters, I heard that dying in a jet crash is not instantaneous. You have about 45 seconds from the time the plane goes out of control to impact, lots of time to realize what is happening while being thrown around inside the spinning aircraft. In my mind's eye I see the gay community spinning in the 45 seconds of chaos, out of control, the final wreck to happen at some future moment, a tangle of bodies and lives I will likely live to see.
In extreme cases, despair and depression can lead to self-destructive actions. Marshall Forstein, in an essay about suicide and HIV, discusses a case example of a 24-year-old man, Mr. B, who had lost four friends and lovers in a short period of time and was convinced that he was HIV-positive:
After the death of his last friend, Mr. B went to his physician for HIV testing so that he could find out his CD4 count and begin to prepare for his own illness and death. When his test came back negative, he assumed it was wrong and proceeded to be retested several times, always with the same result. Increasingly distraught, Mr. B became convinced that the whole medical system was intent on keeping the truth from him. When he finally allowed for the possibility that he had indeed escaped infection, he became profoundly angry and depressed, as he had had the same risk factors as his dead friends. In the midst of his own grief and despair that he would remain alive, he overdosed on a potentially lethal medication. Waking up in the intensive care unit, he was enraged that he had survived.[6]
Not everyone is as overwhelmed by the news of their negative HIV status as Mr. B was, luckily. No discussion of the reactions to testing negative would be complete without acknowledging that many gay men are able to accept their HIV-negative test results and move on.
Some men easily accept the news about being HIV-negative because they did not have great anxiety before the test. Whether because they had been tested previously or their sexual behavior had not been highly risky, some men told me that a negative test result was often merely a confirmation of what they had suspected. Arthur, a 30-year-old bisexual computer programmer from Evanston, Illinois, said, "It was what I had hoped for but wasn't sure of. I was saying to myself, rationally, 'That's about what I expected,' at the same time as I was saying to myself, emotionally, 'What great news!'"
For others, the acceptance of the test result is a celebration, in a way, that safer-sex precautions really work. Alan, 31, who spoke about shifting attitudes toward HIV testing in chapters 5 and 7, was involved with an HIV-positive man when he went for his first test. "I felt really lucky and happy about my test results," he said. "I felt great. I had put a lot of energy into changing my sex life to prevent transmission either to me or from me, and it was good to know that it hadn't been in vain, especially considering that my partner was positive. It was good to know that what I was doing was working."
For Edward, 39, accepting that he was HIV-negative caused him to make a commitment to protecting himself, a commitment that he felt had not been as strong before he knew his HIV status:
I had always been careful of someone else's risk. I never would put someone else at risk. But in terms of my own risk, particularly in terms of getting fucked, I was more willing to play with that before I got tested. There were times when I had the temptation to throw caution to the wind, going on the assumption that I was already infected and what difference would it make?
Testing negative made me feel more committed to safe sex, to be honest. Safe sex was not something I was doing just because I had to do it. I was doing it out of self-preservation: there was something in it for me.
Austin, 36, who in chapter 5 described not knowing his HIV status as like being a time bomb, told me that when he tested negative he didn't share the disappointment or confusion that he saw among some members of the Boston HIV-Negative Support Group:
Some people in the support group have been tested several times and their reactions were, "Yeah, so, I got my results and I still have no zest for life. I thought this was going to make some change, but there's no thrill in finding out." My perspective is different. My reaction to testing negative was, "Yes! Yes!" I felt like a minority.
I asked Austin what it was that helped him maintain his optimistic attitude. "I realize I have an incredible network of people who support me and things I'm involved in, that keep me motivated," he said. My question was not a new one for him. "People ask me, 'How did you get where you are? How do you maintain it?'" Austin continued, "I had to find a balance. I had to work to find it. It's a journey, always getting there. But it can be done."
Contents ·
Foreword ·
Prologue ·
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
Conclusion · Appendix A B C · Notes · Contributors
ordering information


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ASU to Lead Bicentennial Celebrations of Mary Shelley's 'Frankenstein'
They had us hooked as soon as we caught wind of the words "Frankenstein" and "celebration."
The only problem is we'll have to wait a few years -- until the bicentennial of Mary Shelly's classic novel -- for our monstrous, science-experiment-gone-wrong dreams to come true.
See also: - Center for Science and the Imagination to Launch at ASU's Newest Interdisciplinary Building, ISTB4
Mary Shelley
No that's not a typo, Arizona State University is really getting started this early on plans to lead a celebration of Shelly's Frankenstein in January 2018. From the sound of it they've got quite a lot in store.
At least they gave us plenty of time to clear our calendars.
ASU's Consortium for Science, Policy and Outcomes and its Center for Science and the Imagination will lead the celebration, partnering with various other entities on projects including a traveling exhibit, film festival, and more .
Shelley provided "The Modern Prometheus" as subtitle for the famous book, which has become an inspiration to young writers and a powerful cultural reference in discussions about science, art and humanity. She wrote the first edition anonymously in 1818 at the age of 19 on a dare to create the best horror story.
Over the past two centuries, the book has spawned dozens of film adaptations and derivative works including music, plays and original novels.
Still from "Bride of Frankenstein" (1935)
David Guston, Frankenstein Bicentennial project co-leader and CSPO co-director calls the celebration a "constructive, intellectual and public endeavor meant to explore the challenges of creativity and responsibility." In addition to stretching across ASU, he says he hopes the celebrations will have global reach.
Plans include working with the Science Museum of Minnesota, ASU Art Museum and ASU Libraries on the possibility of creating a major traveling exhibition that would explore both the novel and "the real-life pursuit of artificial life."
They also have celebrations for the public in the works including a global film festival offering the best and the worst films based on the novel, theater events such as a presentation of the musical "Young Frankenstein," and a costume gala.
"The ultimate goal of the project is to draw global attention to ASU's brand of intellectual fusion and to the intellectual heart of the endeavor - the challenging relationship between creativity and responsibility," Guston told ASU News.
For more about the plans for the celebrations, you can subscribe for updates at the The Frankenstein Bicentennial Project website.
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World Touch Cultural Heritage Week: "Diversity and Civility"
Posted by Theresa Novak '09, Coon Rapids on Monday, Feb. 19, 2007
Event Date/Time: Monday, Mar. 19, 2007 7:30 pm
Location: Edson Auditorium
"Diversity and Civility—Will it Happen in Our Generation?" will be the focus of the 34th annual World Touch Cultural Heritage Week (WTCHW), March 19-24, at the University of Minnesota, Morris. A variety of events will be sponsored by the Multi-Ethnic Student Program at UMM. The week promotes awareness and educates the community regarding local and world diversity.
The film, "Looking for Comedy in the Muslim World," will kick off the week's events at 7:30 p.m. Monday, March 19, in Edson Auditorium. This event is co-sponsored by the Campus Activities Council Films Committee, the speech communication discipline, Humanities Division, Mary Elizabeth Bezanson, Campus of Difference and the Speech Club. A discussion in the Alumni Room, with refreshments, will follow the movie.
The keynote address, "Not Everything is Black and White," featuring the cast of the television program, "Black. White." will be given at 7:30 p.m. Tuesday, March 20, in Edson Auditorium. A reception in the Alumni Room will follow the presentation, which is co-sponsored by the Black Student Union.
Lalo Alcaraz will speak at 7:30 p.m. Wednesday, March 21, in Edson Auditorium. Alcaraz is the creator of the nationally syndicated and politically charged Latino comic strip "La Cucaracha," featured daily in the Los Angeles Times, Denver Post, Houston Chronicle, Chicago Sun-Times and 62 other major newspapers. Alcaraz's presentation is co-sponsored by the United Latinos. A reception will follow in the Alumni Room.
The 24th annual Circle of Nations Indian Association (CNIA) 3K Peace Run will be held on Thursday, March 22. All members of the community are welcome to participate and may sign up until the time the run begins at 3 p.m. in front of the Multi-Ethnic Resource Center on the campus Mall. A participation fee of three dollars is requested. Those who finish the course will receive a T-shirt. About 100 people have traditionally participated. The Peace Run will begin with a prayer of peace in front of the Multi-ethnic Resource Center, located on the campus mall.
Also on Thursday, Grammy Award winner, Bill Miller, will perform at 7:30 p.m. in Edson Auditorium. Miller won a Grammy Award in 2005 for Best Native American Music Album. A Mohican Indian from northern Wisconsin, Miller has long been one of the most admired figures in the Native American music arena and beyond. A reception will follow this event, which is co-sponsored by CNIA.
The annual Invitational Ethnic Dinner will begin at 5:30 p.m. Friday, March 23, in Oyate Hall. The menu will feature an emphasis on African American food. About 200 guests attend the dinner each year. This year's dinner, which will honor Multi-Ethnic Student Program graduates, is co-sponsored by the Black Student Union.
The dinner will be followed by a dance group performance by Hmong dance from the Haiv Hmoob Dance Studio, hosted by the Asian Student Association. A reception in the Alumni Room will follow the performance, which begins at 7:30 p.m. in Edson Auditorium.
The 23rd annual Pow-Wow on Saturday, March 24, will culminate the week's events. Wahpeton Vietnam Veterans will lead the Grand Entries at 1 p.m. and 6 p.m. in the Physical Education Center gymnasium. This event is hosted by CNIA.
Photo: Bill Miller


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In the next two years, the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints' FamilySearch will release free online indexes for a long list of genealogical records—150 million images total. Thousands of volunteers are already working fast and furiously on FamilySearch projects to index digitized records, so the church is turning to another source for help with this one: businesses such as The Generations Network, Footnote and others.
For what's known as the Genesis Project, FamilySearch—the church's records-scanning arm—has put out a "request for information" seeking interested commercial service providers and records repositories.
FamilySearch will digitize the records, which spokesperson Paul Nauta says is the most expensive part of putting records online, and service providers would index them. Indexes would be free on FamilySearch and on the service provider's and/or record repository's Web site.
In other FamilySearch news:
For more information on FamilySearch records access initiatives, look for the November 2007 Family Tree Magazine, on newsstands and FamilyTreeMagazine.com Sept. 11.


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Tribute was paid to Joseph Barondess, well known New York communal leader, by 1,200 representative Jews, at a banquet given in the ballroom of the Manhattan Opera House on Monday night.
The dinner was given on the occasion of the fortieth anniversary of Mr. Barondess' participation in communal work. Mr. Herman Bernstein, editor of the "Jewish Tribune," acted as toastmaster.
Addresses were delivered by Judge Otto A. Rosalsky, Rabbi Z. H. Masliansky, David N. Mosessohn, Abraham Goldberg, Judge Julian W. Mack, Louis Lipsky, Dr. Stephen S. Wise, Dr. Nathan Ratnoff and Miss Deborah Garfinkel.
The history of the Jewish community in New York in the last thirty years was reviewed and the growth of the institutions which accompanied the immigration of East European Jews, in which the guest of honor had actively participated, was depicted. Mr. Barondess delivered a short address.
Mr. Bernstein read numerous messages of felicitation, one from Reuben Brainin, from Jerusalem.
Jean Barondess, daughter of Mr. Barondess, sang. The choir of the Herzliah Hebrew Academy sang an ode dedicated to him. Others appearing in the musical program were Cantor Adolphe J. Weisgal and Professor I. Piroshnekoff.
Establishment by friends of Joseph Barondess of a fund to perpetuate his name here and in Jerusalem was announced at the dinner.
It was announced the fund will amount to $25,000, $10,000 of which is to be used to create a scholarship in the name of Mr. Barondess in the Hebrew University on Mount Scopus.
The remainder of the fund is to be used toward construction of a new building for the Herzliah Hebrew Academy for Girls, now located in an old building at No. 41 Canal Street.
Beside Mr. and Mrs. Barondess at the speakers' table sat his mother, Mrs. Fanny Barondess, who is over 90 years old, Herman Bernstein, Nathan Bijur, Thomas W. Churchill, Lyon Cohen, Bird S. Coler, Dr. Maurice Fishberg. Alexander H. Geismar, Abraham Goldberg, Dr. George Alexander Kohut, Mrs. George Alexander Kohut. Dr. Joseph Krimsky, Solomon Lamport, Edward Lazansky, Arthur Lehman, Col. Herbert Lehman, Rev. Israel Herbert Levinthal, Louis Lipsky, Judge Julian W. Mack, Rev. Z. H. Masliansky, Israel Matz, David Mosessohn, Dr. Nehemiah Mosessohn, Mlle. Maxa Nordau, Samuel Palley, Dr. Nathan Ratnoff, Judge Otto A. Rosalsky, E. Schmerler, Rev. D. Twersky, Ludwig Vogelstein, Felix M. Warburg, Philip Wattenberg, Benjamin Winter, Dr. Stephen S. Wise and Rev. Abraham Yudelowitch.
No instruction in religion is, in effect, instruction in irreligion, is the argument made in the brief which the Greater New York Federation of Churches and the State Sunday School Association has filed in the suit of Joseph Lewis, president of the Free-thinkers' Society, against State Commissioner of Education, Frank P. Graves. The brief was made public by the association Monday.
The suit was brought by the Free-thinkers' Society to obtain a mandamus to compel the Commissioner of Education to forbid the prevailing practice of excusing children from public schools for an hour or a half hour each week, at the request of their parents, to attend religious instruction at such places as they approve.
The matter was argued before Supreme Court Justice Staley in Albany on February 13, and the court allowed two weeks for an exchange of briefs and two weeks more for reply briefs.
The brief of the Federation of Churches and the Sunday School Association cites the recent decision of the United States Supreme Court holding unconstitutional, as a violation of the rights of parents, the Oregon compulsory school law, requiring all children to attend public schools. The brief argues that the right of the parents to direct the training and nurture the character of the child is one of the most inalienable liberties guaranteed under the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution.
The brief further argues that where the local school boards do permit children to pass school time in religious instruction elsewhere "there is no effort to establish either a church or a religion by law or to teach any sectarianism in the public schools."


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Ever since Quorthon decided that combining Norse mythology with heave metal would lead to awesome results, many bands have been steadily absorbing inspiration from the last of the great European pagan beliefs to fall. Perhaps the band which utilises this lyrical approach the most consistently is Amon Amarth, having now released seven albums of melodic death metal with absolutely nothing other than Viking themes to them.
The unmistakably consistent approach to the band's lyrical themes is only matched by their music: album after album, the band never succumbs to the temptation to change their sound in a direction which could be seen as a betrayal of their roots. While Twilight of the Thunder God has a much more polished production job than each previous album, the sound becoming progressively rawer as we explore their discography further in the past, the music has lost none of the power and tenacity which made Once Sent from the Golden Hall and each following album excellent.
Twilight of the Thunder God contains ten songs, which despite being impossible to confuse with the music of any other band on Earth are all vastly different from each other. For a band which is constantly accused of "getting too comfortable" with their sound and not evolving I find that Amon Amarth write very varied albums. Every song is not only unique, it's essential to the entirety of the album, each giving something with which to make of this album a masterpiece. From the fast-paced opening title track, which thunders on with a catchy, well, everything, to the epic closer Embrace the Endless Ocean, no two songs are alike.
Special mention must be given to the vocals here. Johan Hegg has always been a very talented vocalist, always putting forth much emotion into his performance throughout the band's career, but this album almost makes his previous efforts seem sub-par by comparison. Maybe it's the bigger effort put forth for the production or something to do with the song structures, but his vocals are better here than they ever were in the past. The growls feel much more convincing, and there are sections which border on the inhuman, such as the fastest parts on the already breakneck speed song Where is Your God? in addition to the savage portion of Live For the Kill which follows the cello section done by Apocalyptica. I named those two because they're probably the most intense sections, as I'd end up naming each song if I were to talk about what I like about the verses and the choruses throughout.
The whole band makes an incredible effort here though, not just Johan. The drumming is both varied and technical throughout, although there is one particular song in which the drums are the driving force. This song is Tattered Banners and Bloody Flags, a battlefield song if there ever was one. Combined with the incredible riffs the band conceived for this particularly epic ode to war, the drums create a crushing atmosphere of a brutal fight between two massive armies. The chorus, which is repeated twice, first at the middle of the song and then at the end, gives the song an epic atmosphere rarely heard in music. Such epic sections are present throughout the album, although to a lesser degree when compared to Tattered Banners and Bloody Flags. The instrumental work throughout the album is very good, possibly not as impressive as their best songs off Versus the World or With Oden on our Side but coming so close as to be nearly unnoticeable.
Naming highlights in this album is rather hard since all songs are incredible and worth listening to on their own. The aforementioned Tattered Banners, Live For the Kill with the very well done cello section near the end of the song, the title track and Free Will Sacrifice might all be named highlights, but none of the other songs even come close to being forgettable. Catchy albums such as this one might end up causing listeners to become jaded with some/all of the songs after a certain period of time, but even after over a hundred listens not only have I not lost even a shred of my appreciation for the songs I thought were incredible upon first listen, I've also learned to appreciate those songs which initially did not impress me as much, such as Guardians of Asgaard because of its slowdown chorus or No Fear For the Setting Sun.
Twilight of the Thunder God is yet another masterpiece of an album crafted by Amon Amarth, one of the most talented bands in the current world of metal. This is just one of those albums which are written so well as to be both instantly appreciable upon first listen and excellent upon the ninety-ninth listen. It might not be as good as the previous album or Versus the World, but it certainly lives up to the name Amon Amarth and is in no way a "watering down" of the same old formula, actually adding many new interesting elements to the band's work.


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Prince William and Kate Middleton say they've been "incredibly moved" by the public response to their engagement.
In their official wedding programme, they say they are deeply touched by the affection shown by so many people.
"We are both so delighted that you are able to join us in celebrating what we hope will be one of the happiest days of our lives," they said.
"We would like to take this opportunity to thank everyone most sincerely for their kindness."
Royal fans have been camping outside London's Westminster Abbey for days to get a glimpse of the happy couple on their wedding day.
More details of Friday's ceremony have also been revealed in their official wedding programme.
It is said to be the depiction of Britishness and will see Kate vow to "love, comfort, honour and keep" Prince William.
Kate's brother James will give a reading, before joining their sister Pippa, their parents, Prince Harry and the Prince of Wales and Duchess of Cornwall to sign the marriage registers.
Your wedding messages for Prince William and Kate
Zara, 8, Herts, England
Royal couple


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January 25, 2013
Would You Watch a Fishing Show Starring Dean Ween and Les Claypool, Produced By Trey Parker and Matt Stone?
The answer to our query is "yeah, most likely." Full story at Spinner:
In a recent interview with NJ.com, the guitarist revealed that he'll be taping a pilot for a cable fishing show, starring himself and Les Claypool of Primus. The producers? "South Park" creators Trey Parker and Matt Stone.


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At just 40 miles away from Blacksburg, VA, Roanoke is the closest market to Virginia Tech University, the site of a 2007 massacre that left 33 dead. This morning, Roanoke stations were called to action again as Virginia Tech was put on lockdown after a group of children reported seeing a possible gunman on campus.
CBS affiliate WDBJ was the first station to report the news, breaking in at 9:56 a.m. with a special report anchored by Kimberly McBroom. ABC affiliate WSET was next at 9:57 a.m. with a report anchored by reporter Shelly Basinger (Noreen Turyn took over for subsequent updates.) Fox affiliate WFXR and NBC affiliate WSLS, who have a content-sharing agreement in Roanoke, reported the news on a simultaneous newscast anchored by WSLS reporter Erin Barnett at 10:56 a.m.
Of the four stations, WDBJ was the only station to take Virginia Tech's 11 a.m. press conference live. Reporter Holly Pietrzak contribued reporting from Virginia Tech's campus after the press conference concluded. WSET, which airs "The View" at 11 a.m., updated viewers on the content of the press conference in commercial breaks.


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Manage your inventory
Take charge of your inventory with industrial or commercial shelving from Warehouse Equipment & Supplies Co. You'll find shelving in a variety of sizes and specifications to fit your needs.
Industrial shelving can be stacked to create multiple levels and increase space utilization, while commercial wire shelving offers advantages of increased air circulation, light diffusion and better product visibility.
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It all depends on what you need the shelves for, how much weight they must bear, how much capacity is required, and more. The kind of shelving you'll want to purchase also depends on how the components are assembled.
Are you looking for a simple beam-and-post construction or do you need something more durable, such as industrial clip shelving with braces designed to increase stability and strength?
Either way, these are customizable, component-based items designed with you in mind.
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Some types of shelving applications require more time and tools than other types. If you would rather not commit your time and human resources to shelving installation, let us know. We've been handling projects like this for many years and can provide complete, professional installation that suits the requirements of your business storage needs.
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Iraq conflict: UN warns of 'massacre' in siege town
The UN has called for action to prevent what it says may be a possible massacre in the northern Iraqi town of Amerli.
The town, under siege by Islamic State for two months, has no electricity or drinking water, and is running out of food and medical supplies.
Violent attacks were also carried out in other parts of Iraq, with security forces in Kirkuk targeted by car bombs, leaving 10 dead.
Jim Muir reports.
23 Aug 2014
- From the section Middle East


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1 in 6 American face hunger. What does hunger look like in your community? Use this interactive map to find out.
Map food deserts and view census tract-level statistics on population groups with low access to healthy food.
Your Name
Provides a current picture of the state of the research on food access.
Thanks to United Way of Allegheny County for its continuing support of the Food Security Partnership. Please consider support for your local United Way campaign during this critical time of need for so many.


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Robert Zemeckis's Flight is the gunshot that starts the 2012 Oscar Race.It has a big performance by Denzel Washington, one of the last old-fashioned movie stars. It spells out big, important, popular Oscar Season themes on banners across the big-screen. It has it all: Heroism, romance, comedy, garish supporting performances! It talks about faith a lot. It has a flashy performance by an up-and-coming actress as a junkie who, thank God, remains easy on the eyes throughout. And it ends with a … [Read more...]
Flight (2012)
November 2, 2012 by


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You might have noticed some of the Republican asshattery going on lately. And now you're asking yourself, "What asshattery might that be? It's like an all-you-can-eat asshat buffet!" I'm talking about the types of bills you see when you elect tea party 'tards to office. Like bills allowing doctors to lie to a woman about her fetus if he thinks she might choose an abortion. Or bills forcing women seeking abortions to get ultrasounds. Or bills allowing your employer to fire you if he disapproves of your birth control choices.
Aren't Republicans supposed to be the party of business? When did they get into the business of making sure no one gets off?
The world would be a better place if these people would stay out of our vaginas and stick with consenting, age-appropriate vaginas. Mother Jones thinks so, too. That's why it's encouraging crafty types to send a knitted uterus with ovaries and vagina to Republican congressmen supporting these sorts of things.
(As an aside, I have to wonder about the choices made during photo shoots. The photographer must have been like, "This is a nice uterus and all, but you know what would make this rock? A PIANO!")
For heterosexual men, birth control is important for you, too. It's the reason you didn't have to marry the very first girl you ever had sex with at the behest of her shotgun-wielding father. It's also why you and your partner can choose whether to have children at all, or how many, instead of celebrating the birth of your 13th child with a self-inflicted gunshot wound to the head using the shotgun your father-in-law left you in his will.
And for gay couples, well, just have some empathy. We can't ALL have baby-free sex whenever we want it.
** Thanks for the link, Clyde.


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"With forecasters assuring us we're about to start seeing more of the sun, people are probably planning to start spending a little more time at the grill. For those seeking inspiration, here's a collection of recipes out of the San Antonio Express-News."
Includes recipes for:
Read More in: Recipes
Share this Article with others:
Related Articles:
Came straight to this page? Visit The Cooking News for all the latest news.


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Just in time for Valentine's Day, former Supreme Mary Wilson returns to the Detroit area for one night starring in James Gavin's "Stormy Weather: The Lena Horne Project" on Friday, February 8, 2013 at 8:00 pm. at WCCCD's Heinz C. Prechter Educational and Performing Arts Center, located on the Downriver campus at 21000 Northline Road in Taylor, MI 48180.
Tickets are $45 and $60, included in the $60 ticket is premium seating and afterglow reception, group rates are also available.
Free Parking!
Also On WCHB-AM: NewsTalk 1200:
comments – Add Yours


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The Role of the Euro During and After Economical Crisis
The impact of the single currency on international capital markets has been one of the most abiding features of the euro's historical development. In response to the global financial and economic crisis, governments across the world are sorting to creating national deficit levels on a virtually unprecedented scale to plug gaping holes in public finances and propel economies towards recovery. As a result, borrowing conditions on global capital markets are taking on not only an economic, but also an intensely political significance.
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Volume (Year): (2010)
Issue (Month): 1 ()
Pages: 87-92
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They are, across the board, quixotic characters hacking at the windmill of language.
Even after Newtown, swarms of commentators warned that Obama would be a fool to take on such a quixotic cause.
Of course, his quixotic crusade to defund Obamacare will surely fail, but it made for some good TV.
But along comes Hank Greenberg, AIG's colorful former chief, pushing them to join his quixotic lawsuit.
One of my quixotic blog battles has been against the nonsense of revenue-raising supply-side tax cuts.
As to Don Anastasio, the quixotic redemption in specie was beyond him entirely.
I stood by you with a fidelity that was nothing short of quixotic.
However, as it turned out, this quixotic act of consideration was allowed to remain a dark secret between these two.
Now that Tryst was dead, Derek's quixotic action had no meaning.
There is undoubtedly a philosophical Quixotism, but there is also a quixotic philosophy.
"extravagantly chivalrous," 1791, from Don Quixote, romantic, impractical hero of Cervantes' satirical novel "Don Quixote de la Mancha" (1605; English translation by 1620). His name literally means "thigh," also "a cuisse" (a piece of armor for the thigh), in Modern Spanish quijote, from Latin coxa "hip." Related: Quixotical; quixotically.


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Welcome to Round the Corner
We are a small Aquaponics operation in Longmont Colorado.
Our objective is to naturally grow our own safe, chemical free food and slowly expand the operation to help feed our neighbors and surrounding community while teaching others how they can to do this for themselves.
I believe the current global conditions (drought, water shortages, rising fuel costs, food safety issues, food availability issues, the list can go on and on) are making it obvious that the current path of growing more at all costs, by using massive amounts of chemicals and GMO plants, cannot be sustained.
Locally grown safe food is paramount to our communities now and in the future.
Everything else aside it's also just kinda fun.
Growing Your Own Food
Have you ever thought about growing your own food? Most have and discount the thought because they don't own a farm, don't have enough space, don't know how, etc.
We are here to tell you these obstacles are not obstacles at all. Aquaponics is a way to grow from a micro scale (tabletop) to large commercial scale and produce some of the most healthy, nutrient rich, tastiest food you have ever eaten. It somehow tastes even better knowing you have grown it yourself and it is safe and free of all the pesticides and chemicals used in large corporate farming these days.
Round the Corner is committed to helping others realize the ease and satisfaction of growing some of the food your family consumes. To this end we will be holding casual, affordable, informative classes. These classes will have all of the information you need to build and operate your own Aquaponics Garden. We will help with process of filtering the ever growing information avalanche you see and read online.
Learning from someone who has actually built and is operating a producing Aquaponics garden can help you sidestep many of the pitfalls you might run into building and operating your own.
We enjoy knowing we are protecting our family and providing the safest, best food we can.


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Project DescriptionCharleston ENT is growing. Their exciting and successful business model demands that they move into areas requiring free-standing structures. This 24,000 square foot project serves as the administrative and scheduling hub for all of Charleston ENT's 7 offices and features 5 specialized medical functions: a four-doctor ENT clinic, allergy center, sleep center, audiology and a compounding pharmacy.
The structure is a combination of single story and two story masses, each in response to the functions within. All of the 5 specialized medical services on the ground floor are radially connected by a waiting area, "main-street", where a multitude of activities occur. Main street fosters both loud and soft spaces, includes areas for laptop work or internet and gaming areas, includes a beverage station as well as smaller children play areas.
Complimenting ENT's expansion, the concept of growth is explored on the building's exterior through the study of nature's molting processes. Exterior walls are being shed, extending beyond their new skin, typically expressed as masonry end walls slipping away, revealing softer materials underneath. Like a blue crab's soft shell, a new fragile shell is exposed. At some instances, at the point where the two skins meet, glass occurs, furthering the fragility of this transition.
Likewise, the second story extrudes from the first. The lighter material is extracted from the masonry material below it and is materially expressed as a new shell. The fenestration responds to the building's orientation, there are large glass expanses towards the East, and towards the West smaller openings occur.
The curved roof mimics the curving masonry wall, framing main-street below, bonding the two forms together. The large roof overhang extends beyond the face of the building, of note is the eastern side where the structural extensions arc similarly to featherless young wings.
The building proportions were found using the golden section, or fractions thereof, called dynamic rectangles. This device is readily found throughout nature and has been used throughout history in art and architecture.


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FLORENCE, SC – Fans of Francis Marion University athletics can now follow their favorite teams through Twitter.
A general Twitter account for Patriot athletics can be found at http://twitter.com/PatriotHawk or through the FMU athletics webpage at www.fmupatriots.com.
Several Francis Marion head coaches have their own sport-specific Twitter accounts. To sign up for these accounts visit the FMU athletics webpage at www.fmupatriots.com and click on the Twitter link along the top menu (right side).


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In Clint They Trust
It's not uncommon to hear players parrot back to the media whatever it is that has been told to them by their head coach or their manager, especially after a tough
They also tend to repeat what's been emphasized by authority figures when they believe in the guy and his leadership.
The relationship between Clint Hurdle and his Pirates clearly falls into the latter category.
Always creative with the turn of a phrase, Hurdle summed up the Pirates' 5-2 loss to San Diego on Tuesday night thusly:
"It's a team effort each and every night. That's what we've been good about, picking each other up, staying positive. Shower it off tonight, shower well, Pirates love tomorrow. That's kinda the way we've hung on it all year.
"We're done with tonight, can't do anything about this one. We gotta get ready to play tomorrow."
Gaby Sanchez was among the Pirates enthusiastically willing to pick up where their skipper had left off.
"We had a rough game, shower it off and come back tomorrow and try to win the ballgame," Sanchez said.
Losing pitcher Jeff Locke, likewise, was on the same page.
"I think the reason we've been so good this year is we've been able to shower off our losses and move on to the next day and not extend a skid to four or five games," Locke assessed.
Wonder how many other guys in the clubhouse worked "shower it off" into their postgame media sessions?
Or thought to themselves about showering off this latest setback along the way to a potential pennant?
It's yet another example of how effective Hurdle has been pushing the right buttons and motivating his players.
Previous examples have been obvious on the field.
The Pirates have lost four consecutive games four times this season, including games No. 3 through No. 6 in early April.
They've responded to those four four-game losing streaks by winning five of their next six, by winning three straight, by winning two of three and by winning four in a row.
Hurdle has apparently sold this team on, among other things, the Power of Shower.
Who had that?


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Abigail Breslin's Evolution Through the Years (PHOTOS)
It's hard to believe that Abigail Breslin turns 15 today (April 14), especially since the world is so used to seeing her as the pint-sized cutie pie with a ponytail and glasses.
Nine years ago she stole our hearts (and the show) opposite Mel Gibson as his adorable and plucky daughter in the thriller Signs and she has since gone on to hold her own in show-stopping performances alongside Kate Hudson, Steve Carell, Jodie Foster, Ryan Reynolds, Cameron Diaz and Johnny Depp. And talk about career-making roles: Her turn in Little Miss Sunshine will forever bring a smile to our faces.
Celebuzz has put together a photo evolution of the young starlet in honor of her birthday. From stuffed animals on the red carpet to stunning gowns and stilettos, check out how Abigail has changed over the years.


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"It's always special to pitch in Houston, but it's a great honor to know I'm going to pitch in the opener there," Duke said. "I don't get too excited about things, but it's hard not to be excited about this news. I'm glad I found out now because I'm going to need a few weeks to find enough tickets for everyone who will want to be there."
PiratesDugout.com's George Von Benko spoke with Bucs's lefty Zach Duke at spring training.


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Welcome to NuDesign Technologies, Inc. We focus on software tools, libraries and applications for development of management agents and client applications used in remote configuration, monitoring and control of network devices, services, and applications. Our solutions operate over IPv4 / IPv6 networks in carrier, campus and enterprise settings. We also provide professional services supporting customers requiring specific management application and agent solutions.
Our software is based on industry standard management protocols such as NETConf, SNMP, CLI and web protocols such as RESTConf. Our customers are Original Equipment Manufacturers, System Integrators, Operators, Service Providers and End Users worldwide.
Our development products and software technologies provide the basis for the following solutions:
The highly automated management Agent / Subagent / Manager development tools, code generation wizards, multiple target development libraries, samples, evals with associated tutorials and our technical support enable quick learning, fast prototyping, experimentation, development and reliable production deployment.
The code generation tools facilitate organization of design process, providing for generation of project files for target OS / RTOS and a very complete and immediately compilable agent or manager user code.
Please see our News and Products Sections for the latest on what's available for download & evaluation. We will be happy to support your evaluation process and answer any questions you may have.


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Assessment |
Biopsychology |
Comparative |
Cognitive |
Developmental |
Language |
Individual differences |
Personality |
Philosophy |
Social |
Methods | Statistics | Clinical | Educational | Industrial | Professional items | World psychology |
Social psychology: Altruism · Attribution · Attitudes · Conformity · Discrimination · Groups · Interpersonal relations · Obedience · Prejudice · Norms · Perception · Index · Outline
The anger superiority effect states that it is easier to detect angry faces than happy faces in a crowd of neutral ones. This idea was said to have evolved over phylogenic development because it is beneficial to be able to quickly detect a threat in a given environment.[1] Niedenthal et al. cite recent research that questions the hidden perceptual versus emotional factors that might account for this so-called anger superiority effect.[2] In congruence with the findings of this research, Niedenthal et al. tested the anger superiority effect using a neural analyzes of human faces in two different simulations in order to separate emotional and perceptual processes. What they found was that perceptual bias is causing a faster, more accurate identification of anger faces.[3]
See alsoEdit
References Edit
- ↑ [Hansen, C. H., & Hansen, R. D. (1988). Finding the face in the crowd – An anger superiority effect. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54(6), 917–924].
- ↑ [Juth, P., Lundqvist, D., Karlsson, A., & Ohman, A. (2005). Looking for foes and friends: Perceptual and emotional factors when finding a face in the crowd. Emotion, 5(4), 379–395.
- ↑ Mermillod, M., et al. Neural computation as a tool to differentiate perceptual from ...Cognition (2009), DOI:10.1016/j.cognition.2008.11.009


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Harry Potter actor Rupert Grint has described kissing co-star Emma Watson in the Half-Blood Prince as a "strange" experience.
"We've known each other for 10 years so it was a bit like kissing my sister," he told the Mail on Sunday newspaper.
Rupert Grint plays Ron Weasley, who's best mates with Harry and Hermione in the films, but in the Half-Blood Prince Ron and Hermione get a lot closer.
You'll be able to see what happens when the film is released on 15 July.
Rupert Grint added: "We were determined to get it right the first time, but our first try was a disaster because we both felt so self-conscious and we couldn't stop laughing."
The 20-year-old has been a huge hit with fans in the Potter films, but it seems Rupert's not convinced about his acting abilities.
"It's always at the back of my mind that acting might come to an end for me when Harry Potter finishes," he said.
"I don't know if I'm good enough to have a long career."


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Today, my step-mom yelled at me for an hour, calling me a slut because our male dog saw me naked. FML
It's in the can!Hey, you uploaded your photo, and you're cute as a kitten!100%
Consolation prizeYour FML was denied. We had to at least give you a badge to cheer you up a bit.100%
50 favoritesLove knows no boundaries. You've already added 50 FMLs to your favourites list!100%
The thumb strikes backYou have left your thumbprint on 2500 comments.0%
The return of the thumbYou have thumbed 5000 comments.0%
Keen reader – Level: student ninjaYou have voted for 15% of the entire collection of FMLs to date.104%
Keen reader – Level: master ninjaYou have voted for 50% of the entire collection of FMLs to date.31%
Keen reader – Level: godlike ninjaYou have voted for 100% of the entire collection of FMLs to date.16%
One more and it's business timeYou've received 68 Hugs on your profile. Kinky.0%
Today, a car was tailgating and honking at me while trying to pass me, so I decided to be a bitch back and go extremely slow. We got to a two lane road and the car passed me up. The man in the front seat flipped me off while pointing to his wife in the back seat who was clearly in labor. FML
Today, my boyfriend and I got into a huge fight. Instead of taking me home like he told me he was going to, he pulled up to the gas station, gave me $6, and asked me to go pay. As soon as I walked inside, he threw my bag out the door, and drove off. FML
Today, I texted my Dad to tell him I'm staying at my boyfriend's house and won't be home. Since I had predictive text on, my phone didn't quite get the word 'home' - the message I sent said, 'I'm staying at Will's, I'll not be good tonight.' FML
Today, I finally got around to writing my Christmas cards. After finishing, I realized I had written "Happy Birthday" instead of "Merry Christmas" on every single one. FML