text:
The Central Minnesota Chapter meets at 12:00 on the second Saturday of every month (with an optional lunch at 11:00) at Pizza Ranch, 110 2nd street south Suite 119 in St Cloud.
At our meetings,we learn about the latest happenings nationally, statewide, and locally on blindness issues. Our chapter is very active in supporting efforts to improve life for blind people.
Existing for more than 30 years, we have members from all over the St. Cloud area. If you would like to know more about our chapter, call Jeff Young, chapter president, 208-403-8415, or Gayle Gruber-Bengtson at (320) 259-9114. You may also send e-mail to Jeff at email@example.com or Gayle at email@example.com.


text:
News & Events
ACA Technology Solutions Short-Listed for Multiple 2016 HFM US Technology Awards and 2016 Alt Credit US Services Intelligence Awards
ACA Technology Solutions, a leading provider of investment management, regulatory, and compliance technology, is pleased to announce that it has been short-listed for multiple awards by both the 2016 HFM US Technology Awards and the 2016 Alt Credit US Services Intelligence Awards. The awards recognize and reward investment management technology and service providers who have demonstrated exceptional customer service and innovative product development over the past 12 months.
Expert Insights
Top 5 Things To Do Before Filing AIFMD Annex IV
Learn from our experience helping clients file in multiple jurisdictions. Chintan Gandhi, Project Manager at ACA Technology Solutions shares some tips to help your filings go smoothly Request a copy of the white paper.
Product Spotlight
Compliance concerns with complex allocation strategies?
Learn more about the comprehensive features of our OMS.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
MMOGA.com is a 'Massive Multiplayer Online Gaming Association', which sells a wide range of virtual goods via its online store.Their products are specifically targeted at the online gaming community, and the company evolves to ensure that the most popular online games are catered for in the range of items available. Currently, World of Warcraft ranks high in popularity, and virtual game characters, which have been 'power levelled' by MMOGA.com, may be purchased from their store. Some of the top Online Games that their products cater for are 'Age of Conan', 'Diablo 3', 'Flyff', 'Runescape', and 'Star Trek Online'. As well as virtual characters, the company sell virtual accessories, Gamecards, and CD Keys. Browser games are available to be played freely. The site also stocks a wide range of Antivirus and Security products.
MMOGA is based in Hamburg, Germany, and has been in operation for over 8 years. It was one of the first of its kind to operate on a professional level, selling virtual products to the gaming community, in Germany. Since its formation, MMOGA has grown to become one of the market leaders within Europe.
A contact address provided by MMOGA is located within Hong Kong:
Liuxi Deng
16/F Kowloon Building
Nathan Road 555, Kowloon
Hong Kong
Phone: 0085281062633
Email: email@example.com
There is limited information available for their Germany address.
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
There have been numerous reported incidents where customers have made purchases from MMOGA.com and have not received their virtual item or a refund.
"…Their prices may be lower, but they do not deliver. STAY AWAY FROM THIS COMPANY…"[ComplaintsBoard.com]
Many customers have issues with what the company sell, because it is usually against online games companies TOS for items to be purchased out of the game. In addition, a power-levelled character involves 'spamming' within the game.
"Spammers and scammer which break Blizzard and other MMO TOS plus leads to hacked accounts which get banned…" [WOT]
A lot of customers have reported that after receiving payment through PayPal, MMOGA further demands that a passport be provided as proof of identity and refuses to issue a refund. Of course, there are always ways around that.
"Good thing I paid with PayPal - filed for a refund through them…"[SiteJabber]
They also don't live up to their 'instant' delivery claims.
"On their website they say 10-15 minutes to get a gamecard. it is now pushing 1 week...."[OwnedCore]
And a further point to note is that there have been numerous complaints regarding MMOGA.com issuing demands for a landline number to be provided after the transaction has been completed. As some customers quite rightly pointed out, there are many people who choose not to own a landline.
The problem is that MMOGA.com often have customers' money in their possession and then refuse or attempt to fob off requests for a refund. They subsequently make demands for phone numbers, and passports. At this point customers have lost trust in the company, and most certainly do not want to provide them with details of their passport.
Customers have also complained that when requesting a refund (for items that were not sent out), on the occasions where a refund is given, MMOGA.com charges a fee. Many customers have had to resort to filing a complaint via PayPal in order to have their money returned.
In general, there are very few positive reviews of the company in comparison to the negative feedback.
The rating allocated to MMOGA.com by WOT indicates that the company cannot be trusted. It scores 49% for Privacy, 49% for Vendor Reliability, and 53% for Trustworthiness. A rating of 39% is indicated for Child Safety.
There is a concern that some of their products may not be legal.
"So, i bought two keys, both of them were STOLEN keys…" [WOT]
They are not listed on the Better Business Bureau site nor do they appear to have been cited by any reputable media outlets.
MMOGA.com has an Alexa Traffic Rank of 67,040; this is considered to be good. It has a reputation of 1,133. Page Views per user, on average is 11.
Visitors to the site tend to be males without children. They fall into the '18-34'-age range, and access the site from school or work.
The site has a Google PageRank of 4/10, which is low. There doesn't appear to be any Google indexed pages.
The site receives 16,592 visitors each day, 20% of visits to the site are considered to be 'bounces'. The revenue generated by Ads per day is estimated to be $51.25. [WebSiteLooker]. MMOGA.com is not yet listed in the Dmoz directory.
MMOGA.com has an active media presence on the Internet. The MMOGA.com Facebook page is posted on frequently, and they have 4,954 'Likes'. Most of their posts are of a 'sales' nature.
The company also maintains a blog, the posts tend to be reviews of games, and is updated regularly. Their YouTube account was opened in February 2012 and the owner is based in Hong Kong. Statistics show that MMOGA have 175 Subscribers, 197 Videos, 4,016 Channel Views, and 388,024 Total Views.
They have two Twitter accounts. One goes by the name MMOGA Ltd, and it has 418 Tweets, 0 Following, and 157 Followers. The other, MMOGA.com, which has 125 Tweets, 0 Following, and 24 Followers.
There doesn't appear to be a LinkedIn account for members of MMOGA asides from that of their 'sales' person. The Google+ account has 1 member within its circles. MMOGA created a press release on the Reuters site in July 2012.
Google Diagnostics indicate that MMOGA.com is a safe site as far as spreading malware, infection, and carrying out suspicious activities goes. Google had not checked the site in recent months.
An active McAfee SECURE logo is visibly displayed on the website, and its clear from the date that the site is indeed checked daily for issues. The site requires registration before items may be purchased. FairSS tests indicate that MMOGA.com has a valid SSL certification. Therefore, the MMOGA.com website may be considered safe and secure for customers to browse and carry out transactions.
The range of virtual items and games that are catered to at the MMOGA.com online store are greater than what is available at most other comparable online shops. For example, VirtualBarrack also sell virtual products for online games, these are limited to World of Warcraft, Diablo, and Guild Wars. World of Warcraft is currently one of their best selling range of virtual products. This includes 'WoW' gold, and virtual characters.
Level 80 Virtual Characters For Warcraft (Current price ranges given).
MMOGA.com = $94-$246
VirtualBarrack = $1-$79
ToonStorm = $78-$114
BuyMMOAccounts = $139
Both ToonStorm and BuyMMOAccounts have a very limited selection of characters to choose from. MMOGA has the greater number of virtual characters than the other online stores. These tend to be the 'Deathknight', and overall there isn't a great deal of choice in that respect. VirtualBarrack offers a lesser number of virtual characters, but the customer has a greater choice of characters to select from. Pricing is affected by the 'special items' that each virtual character might have. This will differ from one to another.
Overall, MMOGA.com caters to a greater audience than its competitors, and sells items for a diverse range of online games. Its prices for a popular game such as World of Warcraft do not appear to compare favourably to those of VirtualBarrack.
Although the company does not ship physical items, it should be noted that their policy is to email the 'goods' within 1-24 hours with the exception of CDKeys. CDKeys are sent out almost instantly, and the customer may expect to receive them within 5 minutes of making their purchase.
However, from the feedback provided by dissatisfied customers, there have been a number of issues with receipt of goods. This is usually due to MMOGA.com not sending it out after receiving payment. It's not uncommon for MMOGA.com to fail to live up to its delivery promise, and many customers have been left waiting for two weeks or more. They often resort to external measures such as filing a PayPal dispute, or contact their banking company in order to retrieve their money.
A wide range of payment methods is accepted on the MMOGA.com. The site provides a clear indication of the choices available at the footer of their site, in their FAQs section, and prior to purchase. This means that the customer is clearly informed before going through the procedure of registration and entering the 'checkout point'.
Payment Methods At A Glance
Bank Transfer
Credit Card
Moneybookers (Skrill)
Direct Debit
For returns, refunds, and exchanges it's not clear from the MMOGA.com what their policy actually is. From feedback of customers, it would seem that customers are usually directed to the online chat system when there are any issues. Customers' experiences suggest that the company is very reluctant to issue refunds – even for goods that have not been emailed out. Some customers have had a charge imposed upon their refund, which was deducted from the money they had paid to MMOGA.com.
"…ordered key got told to wait its not in stock, got given the runabout about a refund…"[SiteJabber]
There have been instances whereby the incorrect item has been sent out and the customer has been left for over two weeks awaiting resolution. In addition, in the event of price changes the company is known to send out a substantially inferior virtual item to the customer than the one that was purchased. The customer is not given any warning of this situation nor the option to cancel their purchase


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Smartphones have freed us from lugging computers around in order to check e-mail or the Web. But to give a business presentation, you've still got to pack a laptop, right?
Maybe not.
"It's no longer a given that you'll hard-wire a laptop to a projector and run your PowerPoint deck from there," says Carmi Levy, an independent technology analyst in London, Ont., "and that opens up a whole lot of opportunity. And risk."
Presenting from mobile devices such as smartphones or tablets means carrying less gear, not to mention lending a certain tech-guru air to one's presentations. But it involves less familiar technology than the old laptop-and-projector model, and several potential pitfalls.
It's usually easy to connect a laptop to whatever projector is provided. That can work with a smartphone too, but not all mobile devices make it easy. The unknown, Mr. Levy says, is compatibility. "Sometimes," he says, "the tried and true really is the way to go."
Apple Inc. offers both composite video – which works with almost all projectors – and component video output cables for iPhones and iPads. The iPhone 4 and iPad can also output High Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI), which many projectors support, via Apple's Digital AV Adapter. Many Android and Windows Phone phones have HDMI connectors.
Epson Canada Ltd.'s iProjection smartphone app uses a WiFi wireless network connection to hook up Apple and Android mobiles with any Epson projector attached to a network with WiFi access. The Apple version can display PowerPoint and other Microsoft Office files, PDF files, Apple's Keynote presentation software files and popular graphics formats. The Android version currently only handles PDF files and the popular JPG and PNG graphics formats, says Brian Savarese, product manager at Epson in Long Beach, Calif.
Or you can bring your own projector. This way, the presenter controls all the technology rather than relying on a mobile device working with an unfamiliar projector.
Optoma Technology, Inc., of Fremont, Calif., has a line of pico-projectors, ranging from the 159-gram PK201 that fits in the palm of a hand to the only slightly bigger PK320, which is heavier at 235 grams but also delivers a much brighter image (100 lumens with an AC adapter or high-power battery pack, versus the PK201's 20 lumens).
All the Optoma projectors have a choice of inputs for connecting to smartphones and other devices, says Felix Pimental, product manager. They also have slots for Micro SD memory cards – the same ones found in many digital cameras – so you could eliminate the phone, store your presentation on the SD card and rely entirely on the projector. Some Optoma projectors have built-in viewer software that displays PowerPoint and other Microsoft Office document formats as well as Adobe PDF files.
Other makers of pico projectors include Asustek Computer Inc., Acer Inc. and Aiptek International Inc. Prices range from around $200 to about $400.
These projectors aren't designed for large auditoriums, Mr. Pimental admits, but for a group of up to 15 people in a conference room, or as an alternative to a handful of people crowded around a laptop screen.
"They're maturing very rapidly," Mr. Levy says, "which makes them an inexpensive and viable alternative for the road warrior who gives a lot of presentations to small groups."
For sheer simplicity and compactness, nothing would beat a phone with its own projector built in. They exist – Samsung Group's Galaxy Beam has a built-in projector, and LG Electronics' eXpo phone has an optional clip-on projector. Neither is currently available in Canada.
One further challenge of presenting from a mobile device is displaying the popular PowerPoint file format. As you might expect of a Microsoft product, Windows Phone has a built-in PowerPoint viewer. Other smartphone operating systems don't. But apps such as Documents to Go and QuickOffice Pro, designed for displaying Office files on mobile devices, allow iPhones and Android devices to display PowerPoint presentations.
However, Mr. Levy warns, translating files can lead to problems such as incorrect fonts and mangled spacing. Fancier effects such as animation may not work.
And displaying a presentation from your phone is one thing, but editing it on the phone is another. If you're the kind of presenter who tweaks slides minutes before going on, Mr. Levy advises, smartphone presentations aren't for you.
You could store the presentation in the cloud, using a file storage service lsuch as Dropbox. This makes it accessible from any device. Yet good Internet connections still aren't a given in presentation rooms, Mr. Levy warns, so while a backup copy in the cloud is good, it's best to present from a local file.
None of these issues are insurmountable, but anyone planning to present with a phone should address them in advance, and that should include a dry run on location.
"If it allows you to leave your laptop at home it's a good thing," says Mr. Levy, but "it's relatively new and not all the bugs have been worked out of it."
Still, he says, if you're giving a relatively simple presentation without much animation or video, know the technology in the room where you'll be presenting and don't need to make last-minute changes – or if you can use a pico-projector to present to a small group – presenting from your phone could make sense. Your back, at least, will thank you.Report Typo/Error
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She is said also to have been the daughter of Hecate and Phorcun.
Call her Hecate, and she will bear any disguise, however fanciful.
Rue was thus consecrated as the very substance of Hecate, the mother of all European witches.
And I, by my power, tried by Hecate to draw him forth, but I could not.'
Together they pledge their vows at the shrine of Hecate, and in due time they sail away in the Argo with the golden fleece.
Hecate was a goddess of hell to whom offerings of food were made.
One of the hags invokes Hecate, and the other fell Tisiphone.
Even so is the might of Hecate; in one hand she hath a blessing, in the other a curse.
The most celebrated, that of Hecate, is at Lagina, where every year great multitudes assemble at a great festival.
In Hades she was called Hecate, who, with her scepter, rules the ghosts of dead souls.
early 15c., Greek deity, daughter of Perseus and Asteria (said to be originally Thracian), later identified as an aspect of Artemis, fem. of hekatos "far-shooting." Associated since Shakespeare ("I Henry VI," III.ii.64) with witches and sorcery.


text:
Crowne Plaza London - Docklands
Royal Victoria Dock
Telephone: +44 (0)207 055 2000
Fax: +44 (0)207 055 2002
Crowne Plaza London - Docklands is set within a stunning waterfront environment in the dynamic and thriving Docklands. The hotel is located just a stone's throw from the western entrance of the ExCeL conference complex and adjacent to Royal Victoria Station on the Docklands Light Railway, and is conveniently situated within five minutes of London City Airport.
Courtesy Shuttle between Canary Wharf and the Hotel
From the Hotel to Canary Wharf
Monday to Friday - 7:00 am until 10:00 am (every 15 minutes)
From Canary Wharf to the Hotel
Monday to Thursday - 5:30 pm until 8:00pm (on request)
The hotel offers on-site parking for hotel guests at £1.50 per hour for the first 8 hours; £14 for 8 – 12 hours; £16 for 24hours and £8.00 for each additional half day. For non hotel residents, parking is charged at £3.00 per hour for the first 8 hours; £28.00 for 8 – 12 hours; £32.00 for 24hours and £16.00 for each additional half day.
Public Transport
Traveling from the Airports:
The Stansted Express train takes you into Liverpool Street
The National Express bus takes you into Stratford
First Capital Connect service runs from Luton to London Bridge Station
The Greenline Coach runs into Baker Street as does the Easy Bus
First Capital Connect runs services from Gatwick to London Bridge Station
The Gatwick Express train serves Victoria Station as does the Easy Bus and National Express coaches
From Heathrow Airport there is a regular train service into Paddington called Heathrow Express
The Piccadilly line tube runs directly from Heathrow to central London
From each respective station you can travel to our hotel by underground or bus. Due to irregular planned engineering work on certain lines, it is advised to check the London journey planner before travel, to find best available routes. For up to date travel advice click here to visit the Transport for London website and use 'Royal Victoria' as the destination.
After arriving to Royal Victoria station, leave the station to the south side and walk towards the newly built residential flats. Follow the foot path in between the two building. When you come to the water front, turn left. The Crowne Plaza London - Docklands is on your left hand side.


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A COUPLE whose young daughter has undergone lifesaving heart surgery took part in a challenge walk to support a charity which has helped them.
Julian and Lois Brown were among nearly 60 people who tackled the Yorkshire Three Peaks at the weekend in aid of the Children's Heart Surgery Fund.
The group completed the trek – which takes in the summits of Penyghent, Whernside and Ingleborough – in under 12 hours, and so far over £15,000 has been raised.
Six-year-old Amelie Brown, from Cononley, was born with a rare congenital defect which means she only has the left-hand side of her heart.
She has needed complex surgery at Leeds General Infirmary to build a single-sided heart, which will enable her to reach adulthood.
Mr Brown said: "The Children's Heart Surgery Fund helps support children and their families who go through the Leeds Congenital Heart Centre, by providing cutting-edge equipment that the NHS simply can't afford. Also the charity makes the environment in which the children are treated as welcoming as possible.
"We have had first-hand experience of the fund's work through Amelie, and what the team at the Leeds Congenital Heart Unit does on a daily basis is incredible. The staff and consultants go above and beyond and are truly a set of amazing people."
Sharon Cheng, chief executive officer of the Children's Heart Surgery Fund, who also took part in the trek, said: "Conquering the Three Peaks is an incredible achievement and I would like to say a big thank-you to Julian and Lois and the whole team of trekkers for choosing to support us and raising such a huge amount of money.
"Money raised helps to buy lifesaving equipment, amongst many other things, for thousands of children from all over the region."
Visit chsf.org.uk for further information.


text:
Europa League News
Eric Bailly's extended UEFA suspension is 'very harsh' - Jose Mourinho
Manchester United manager Jose Mourinho believes Eric Bailly's extended European ban is excessive punishment.
Man United's Eric Bailly banned three games by UEFA after Europa red card
Manchester United defender Eric Bailly has been suspended for three European games after receiving a red card in the Europa League in May, UEFA said.
Europa league: Galatasaray eliminated, Aberdeen advance
Aberdeen beat Siroki Brijeg 2-0 to reach the third qualifying round of the Europa League, while Galatasaray were eliminated by tiny Ostersunds FK.
Everton play Slovakia side Ruzomberok in Europa League
Everton will take on Ruzomberok in the Europa League after the second qualifying round ties were completed on Thursday evening.
Siroki Brijeg 0-2 Aberdeen
Aberdeen fans attacked in Bosnia ahead of Europa League qualifier
A group of Aberdeen supporters have been attacked in Bosnia before a Europa League qualifying match against Siroki Brijeg.


text:
FLORENCE, S.C. – Two members of the Francis Marion University baseball team, senior catcher Jared Barkdoll and junior shortstop Barrett Kleinknecht, were recently named to the ABCA All-Southeast Region Team, while Kleinknecht and senior right-handed pitcher David Walters were awarded Rawlings Gold Glove awards for the Southeast Region.
Barkdoll and Kleinknecht were selected to the 16-player second-team All-Region squad. Barkdoll was also a second-team selection in 2008.
Barkdoll batted .386 with 35 runs scored, 14 doubles, three home runs, and 41 runs batted in, despite missing 10 games with an injury. The Greencastle, Pa., native compiled a .456 on-base percentage and a .992 fielding percentage – only two errors and two passed balls in 44 games – while throwing out 12 of 38 runners attempting to steal. He recorded 23 multi-hit games and 13 multi-RBI games.
He finished his career owning the school's all-time records for RBIs (162) and total bases (364), while tying the all-time mark for doubles (50) and ranking second in base hits (258).
Kleinknecht, a hometown product from Florence, batted .372 this past season with 50 runs scored and team-leading totals of 16 doubles, nine homers, and 64 RBIs. His RBI total was two shy of the team record. He had a pair of 12-game hitting streaks, 27 multi-hit games, and 17 multi-RBI games. In the field, he committed only 11 errors in 256 chances and contributed to 28 double plays.
Walters, a native of River Hill, Md., led the Patriot pitching staff with 15 starts, while posting a 7-3 record and a 5.97 ERA. Only nine base runners attempted to steal while he was on the mound, and four of those were unsuccessful. Defensively, he did not commit an error in 22 fielding chances.
The three players helped Francis Marion post a 38-15-1 record this past year, the second-highest win total in the program's history. The Patriots finished second during the PBC regular season, won the Peach Belt Tournament title, and earned their fourth NCAA Division II national tournament bid in the past seven years, placing third at the Southeast Regional. The Patriots are currently ranked 14th in the latest Collegiate Baseball Magazine NCAA Division II Top 30 poll.
Earlier, the three players earned second-team Daktronics All-Region and first-team Peach Belt Conference All-Conference recognition.


text:
Psychology MSc 2017-18This course also available for 2018-19 entry
About the course
This exciting and unique course currently offers:
• Teaching from research active staff who are up-to-date with the latest developments in their fields.
• Training in research methods, helping to prepare you for further study as a professional psychologist.
• The chance to undertake your own research with the support of an established practitioner.
• Access to specialist software for statistical analysis.
This course has been designed for graduates who have previously studied some psychology in their undergraduate degree, which was not a course accredited by the BPS. Delivered by a strong Psychology teaching team with research interests across the broad range of the discipline, success ful completion of the course currently leads to a qualification that confers eligibility for Graduate Basis for Chartered membership (GBC) with the British Psychological Society (BPS). The GBC allows application for entry on to all accredited postgraduate courses with the BPS for those who wish to undertake professional training in psychology.
The course aims to provide you with a sound preparation for professional training in psychology, as well as an insight into the related discipline areas. This covers six major content areas: Cognitive Psychology, Developmental Psychology, Social Psychology, Psychobiology, Individual Differences and Conceptual and Historical Issues, plus research design and implementation, together with option modules examining the professional psychology routes.
Start date:
18 / 09 / 2017
1 year full-time
Entry requirements
You must satisfy the following requirements as defined by the BPS and have either:
• An Honours degree (2:2 or above) in Psychology (or a similar subject) that has not been accredited by the BPS as leading to the GBC.
• Or an Honours degree (2:2 minimum) in a subject other than Psychology and GCSE Maths (or the equivalent at grade C or above.
The course also welcomes overseas applicants who meet the required entry criteria. If you were educated outside the UK, you are required to have International English Language Testing System (IELTS) at a score of 6.5 with no lower than 6.0 in any component.
Due to the BPS requirements, it is not possible for you to gain accreditation for your prior learning.
Admissions Assistant
Tel. 01484 472272
Email. email@example.com
Places available:
20(this number may be subject to change)
Huddersfield, HD1 3DH
Course content
Brain-Behaviour and Cognition
This module provides the opportunity for you to develop a critical understanding of cognitive and biological explanations of human behaviour. You will explore a diverse range of topics including psychopharmacology, behavioural genetics, memory and human perception. You will be assessed through two pieces of coursework. This involves producing an empirical report of an area of research in biopsychology and another empirical report in an area of research in cognition.
Developmental and Social Psychology
You will explore and apply contemporary perspectives in both developmental and social psychology. Through developing and applying your knowledge and understanding, with a critical focus you will research and offer solutions to current 'real-world' topical issues. You will be assessed through two pieces of coursework. These will consist of your solutions to a 'real-world' topical issue, the first will be pre-dominantly relevant to human development and the second will be pre-dominantly relevant to human social life.
Individual Differences
You will study a range of approaches to understanding individual differences and how these have been applied in education, clinical practise and the workplace. Critically examining different psychological explanations of motivation, emotion and the self; you will consider the application of theory in applied contexts. You will be assessed through submission of two pieces of coursework, where you will critically evaluate an approach to understanding individual differences of your choosing, and consider how theory and research in individual differences has been applied in a real world context.
Research and Analysis Skills in Psychology
This module provides the opportunity for you to acquire a critical understanding of the range of quantitative approaches to research in Psychology, including experimental, quasi-experimental and non-experimental. You will also have the chance to develop the ability to define appropriate sampling procedures, understand the purposes and limitations of specific statistical techniques, as well as how to apply appropriate statistical methods to data from various designs and interpret the results, using relevant statistical packages, appropriate methods of data collection and statistical tests. You will be assessed through coursework where you will carry out analysis in lab exercises, which you will then apply to an assignment.
Research Proposal in Psychology
This module helps to support you in the development of your ideas for your research proposal, in readiness for the project module. In addition you will explore how to complete a submission of the proposal for ethical approval for research involving human participants or data derived from them. Your learning will be assessed through three pieces of coursework, a critical contrast of research approaches in your chosen area, a submission to the school's ethics panel and a research proposal, detailing the study you will carry out in the project module.
Research Project in Psychology
In this module you will carry out an independent piece of research under the supervision of a member of Psychology staff who has Graduate Basis for Chartered Membership of the British Psychological Society (BPS). You will have the opportunity to develop the ability to manage the process of constructing and carrying out a piece of research, analysing and interpreting the empirical data derived from it and communicating your findings in an appropriate report format. This will be assessed through a report. You will also experience what its like to be a participant in other research that is available through the web-based human subject pool management software SONA.
Plus one from the following option modules:
Advanced Quantitative Methods in Psychology
You will explore current trends in the application of quantitative methods to psychological research and practice. Advanced methodological and statistical expertise, and the ability to apply these in various settings, is an important skill set for psychologists to develop in light of the increasing complexity of empirical research and psychological practice. You will study a range of topics including complex quantitative research designs, meta-analysis, variance and covariance analysis, data modelling, profiling, survival analysis and communication of quantitative research. Assessment will involve completing two pieces of coursework, a portfolio of work and a meta-analytical review.
Forensic Psychology
You will be introduced to the major approaches, concepts and issues within the field of forensic psychology. Two main themes are used to explore these controversial and emotive issues that relate to the psychology of crime, detection and punishment. You will critically consider a range of research areas in forensic psychology including prison treatment programmes, eyewitness and expert testimonies, interrogative suggestibility, crime and mentally disordered offenders. You will also study a range of crimes and the psychological explanations of why these are committed. Assessment will involve completing two pieces of coursework, which will critically analyse the two themes.
Health Psychology
Health psychology is the study of how behavioural, psychological and social processes influence physical health and illness. This module introduces you to the exciting discipline of health psychology through lectures, seminars and directed study. You will explore some key theories, concepts and research through one piece of coursework. The module is aligned with the scientist-practitioner model, with its emphasis on evidence-based approaches to treatment, as well as research methods and skills which is reflected in the module content and the case study assessment.
The Psychology of Education
This module takes a critically reflective approach to the theories and practices of education, seeking to understand the mechanisms of enablement and disablement in education from a lifelong learning perspective. You will explore the complex factors which interact to construct learning, and will critically examine theory and practice within the context of these factors. You will be assessed through coursework in the form of a presentation and a report, which will involve the use of qualitative methods to explore the educational narrative of an individual or a facet of educational practice.
Important information
We will always try to deliver your course as described on this web page. However, sometimes we may have to make changes as set out below.
We review all optional modules each year and change them to reflect the expertise of our staff, current trends in research and as a result of student feedback. We will always ensure that you have a range of options to choose from and we will let students know in good time the options available for them to choose for the following year.
We will only change core modules for a course if it is necessary for us to do so, for example to maintain course accreditation. We will let you know about any such changes as soon as possible, usually before you begin the relevant academic year.
Sometimes we have to make changes to other aspects of a course or how it is delivered. We only make these changes if they are for reasons outside of our control, or where they are for our students' benefit. Again, we will let you know about any such changes as soon as possible, usually before the relevant academic year. Our regulations set out our procedure which we will follow when we need to make any such changes.
When you enrol as a student of the University, your study and time with us will be governed by a framework of regulations, policies and procedures, which form the basis of your agreement with us. These include regulations regarding the assessment of your course, academic integrity, your conduct (including attendance) and disciplinary procedure, fees and finance and compliance with visa requirements (where relevant). It is important that you familiarise yourself with these as you will be asked to agree to abide by them when you join us as a student. You will find a guide to the key terms here, where you will also find links to the full text of each of the regulations, policies and procedures referred to.
The Higher Education Funding Council for England is the principal regulator for the University.
Career opportunities
Upon successful completion this course currently provides you with the opportunity to gain eligibility to apply for GBC, enabling you to apply for professional training in psychology. This also provides the opportunity for you to undertake modules through which you can gain an insight into various professional routes in psychology. These include health psychology, educational psychology and forensic psychology.
Professional links and accreditations
This course is currently accredited by the British Psychological Society (BPS) and confers eligibility ffor the Graduate Basis for Chartered membership (GBC).
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text:
This is a guest post from Vino Vagabonds. The website is run by Brittany and Jeff who are traveling the world visiting the regions and vineyards that produce the wines they love.
A unique niche travel blog that is interesting and educational. Brittany and Jeff share about travel, wines and other experiences that occur while traveling the world from vineyard to vineyard.
Without further delay, here is their guest post.
1) What were you doing before starting this trip? Brittany and I were both working in wine Sales and Marketing in the Napa Valley and really it, there really is a great culture of wine and food lovers there. We learned so much from our two years there from soil types to different grape varietals to environmental effects on the vines, that we wanted to immerse ourselves in other regions and learn them just as intimately.
2) What inspired you to travel specificially for wine? We deveolped our appreciation and knowledge of wine while we were in Napa and Britt had been yearning to travel for a while, so it just all came together. Wine is such an integral part of a culture and after thinking about it, we realized we could combine our love of travel and knowlede of wine to give purpose to our travels. We wanted to experience each region on a first hand basis like we did in Napa, so we planned, saved up as much money as we could, sold all of our belongings, and flew down to Buenos Aires.
3) How have your experiences changed your opinion of winemaking regions? Our experiences have showed us just how much wine is a part of a culture, and is something different to each person, and not always a big business venture. In Napa, practically every winery has a big tasting room that allows tons of visitors to taste and (hopefully) take home many cases of their wine. In South America and much of Europe, its way more relaxed, and often less pretentious, which surprised us. There are so many stereotypes about wine and the peopel in each region that are so wrong and were so glad we were able to experience each place for ourselves.
One of the best parts is tasting with the actual winemaker and visiting such hiostorical wineries; not just a visitors center. Also, we realized that wine is such an integral part of daily European life, and vines are grown practically everywhere. Its sad how much more wine is controlled and regulated in the States…thanks Prohibition.
4) What is one of your favorite wine stories during your travels? There are so many stories to tell but one that sticks out is our first proper 'asado' (or Argentinian barbeque). We were living in Mendoza and took a taxi to meet our friend at a mall just outside the center of town. He then took us to their friends home next to a vineyard. This was at about 10:30 at night and we were pretty hungry. We were some of the first to arrive and the grill hadn't yet been fired up but we brought a couple of bottles to share and proceeded to open them up for everyone to try. The others spoke very little english so we communicated mostly in Spanish while the food was being prepared. It wasn't until 2 in the morning that we finally sat down to eat. The kicker is that they moved the table out into the vineyard behind their home and we sat and drank wine and spoke Spanish and laughed and had an amazing meal right next to th family vineyard! We shared blood sausage, sweetbreads and flank steak while the Malbec flowed…truly an unforgettable evening.
Our friend Kelly was traveling with us and she was a vegetarian. Anyone who has been to Argentina knows that the diet consists mainly of meat. Kelly decided that she would break her diet in lieu of this evening (side note: she asked for vegetables and all she got was a whole onion).
5) With all that you have experienced on your travels, what do you hope to take away from this trip? We have taken away so much but we hope to take away a greater understanding of the world around us and the different ideas and lifestyles of each place. We have met such amazing people and hope to share the understanding that we are all part of teh same world and arent very different from eachother. Also, little things like worldly conversations (not all abotu the Kardashians), slowing down, hang-drying clothes, eating in and seasonaly, being less self absorbed and meeting new people without fear.
Of course, we want to take away a greater appreciation for the smaller production wines of the world, the land and the people behind each and every bottle.
Thanks Brittany and Jeff for contributing your guest post to The Big Mozey. An interesting niche blog, Vino Vagabonds is a blog that is worth a follow.
Play nice and travel safely.
Cheers for now.


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The Representational State Transfer (REST) architectural style defines how a client and a server can communicate to let multitier systems scale to a virtually unbounded number of clients. The Java Persistence API (JPA) defines how a server-side application should interact with persistent data stored in a relational database. REST and JPA share common architectural traits. This article describes and demonstrates JEST, a solution that unites these two styles into a robust, end-to-end architectural basis for multitier web applications. JEST is part of the Apache Software Foundation's OpenJPA project, which is an implementation of the Java Persistence 2.0 specification (see Resources).
This article begins by describing the salient features of REST and JPA to highlight their common traits. Then it elaborates on the technical and conceptual challenges to cooperation between the two styles and explains how JEST addresses them. The last section points you to a concrete implementation: a Java servlet that you can deploy in a servlet or application container and access via JEST's prepackaged Dojo/Ajax client from a vanilla web browser.
Principles of REST
REST principles have been widely adopted for the World Wide Web and cited as one of the primary reasons for its excellent scalability (see Resources). REST is based on a few key concepts that I'll expand on through the typical interaction scenario shown in Figure 1:
Figure 1. Example of REST-style interaction
- The interaction between a client and the server is solely based on a two-way transfer of resources. This is in contrast to language-bound, API-based interaction, whereby a client invokes server functions through remote proxies by passing variable arguments in a programming language.
- A resource is an identifiable, coherent concept. Identifiable means that every resource can be uniquely identified via well-defined syntax. The most common expression of such identity is a Uniform Resource Identifier (URI), such as a web address.
- The client requests a resource — an abstract notion such as the street address of a nearby coffee shop — from a server (for example, Google Maps). The server responds by sending a representation of the resource — for example, an HTML document with embedded JavaScript and a hyperlink to a map of the coffee shop's geographical location.
- A representation is coherent if it carries sufficient information to resolve all references contained within the representation.
- Upon receipt of the representation, the client often renders it in a browser. The noteworthy points are:
- The abstract notion of a resource is realized as a concrete representation.
- A server can respond with different representations for the same resource based on many criteria — for example, the user's natural language. The request can itself specify a particular acceptable form, such as a mime-type requested via the
Acceptheader of a typical HTTP request.
- A client may or may not resolve all the references in the representation. For example, a user may or may not decide to follow the hyperlink to display the geographical location map alongside the coffee-shop address, depending on the available real estate "on the glass."
- Besides rendering, the client can also allow the user to modify the representation or create new ones — for example, via an HTML form. After the user interaction completes, the client sends a new request along with the modified representation.
- The server receives the modified representation and, based on its content, mutates the original resource or creates new ones.
An interaction between a client and a server via exchange of resource representations qualifies as REST-compliant if — and this is an important condition — the server is at rest after it sends the first response and before it receives the next request. That is, the server expends no computing power or other resources to hold the memory of the conversation with the client in between successive requests. (By the same token, applications that store session data in the server are not REST-compliant.) Because the server does not maintain any client's context in between requests, the server's response can scale favorably against a virtually unbounded number of clients.
ACID transactions and REST
A stateless server is more realistic in practice when the client is only requesting resources. If the client sends back modified representations over multiple requests that the server must apply to resources atomically — that is, with an ACID (Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, and Durability) transactional warranty — then compliance with the REST style is a challenging proposition. That is because an ACID transaction, by its very nature, requires both short-term and long-term memory.
An ACID transaction:
- Groups multiple client actions over a span of time into an atomic (indivisible) unit.
- Ensures that the combined effect of these actions is consistent.
- Ensures that the combined effect is isolated from any simultaneous actions by other clients.
- Makes the combined effect durable forever.
Short-term memory holds the current series of actions (also referred as unit of work or in-flight transaction). Long-term memory, often persistent and shared — such as a database on a hard disk — is required to make the combined effect durable.
So the key questions for an architect of a REST-style, client-server application are:
- What are the identifiable resources that a server offers?
- What are the resource representations that the server generates?
- How can a stateless server support ACID transactions?
Answers to these questions can be found within the context of a JPA-based server application catering to language-neutral web clients or web services without violating the core REST principles.
JPA: Model-View-Controller for object persistence
As an architectural style, JPA adheres to the classic Model-View-Controller (MVC) architecture for persistent Java objects:
- The model is a relational database.
- The view is a strongly typed Plain Old Java Object (POJO) without any de jure interface or superclass (as was the case for earlier Enterprise JavaBeans specifications).
- The controller is the API itself — that is,
Figure 2 shows JPA's MVC architecture for object persistence:
Figure 2. JPA as MVC for object persistence
As Figure 2 illustrates, a JPA-based application accesses the model (the relational database) only via the view (POJOs). All database modifications, such as inserting new records or updating existing ones, should be done only via the controller — by
EntityManager.persist() or
merge(), for example.
Applications that switch to JPA for persistence services gain an immediate advantage by offloading to a JPA provider the so-called ORM problem — the complex problem of converting between the database realm controlled by relational schema and SQL, and the object-oriented Java language realm ruled by strong typing and unidirectional references.
Why JPA >> ORM + JDBC
But the core proposition of JPA as a middleware component goes far beyond solving the ORM problem. Most relevant to this article's discussion is one of JPA's more powerful abilities: support for detached transactions.
A JPA provider guarantees ACID transactions comprising a series of persistent operations over a period T without holding a database connection for the entire duration of T. By holding the in-flight transaction in memory and narrowing the time window for a database connection, JPA makes the application more scalable against simultaneous user transactions. (It also potentially lowers costs, because the cost of a commercial database server is proportional to cn, where c is the number of simultaneous connections allowed by a database installation and n is often much greater than 1.)
But the notion of detached transactions in JPA goes even further. JPA supports access-detach-modify-merge style transactions for remote clients. A client can request persistent objects from the server, and the server sends them as a graph of detached objects. The client can modify the detached object graph's content or structure and send the modified object graph back to the server in a separate request. The server can commit the modifications to the database with an ACID-compliant transaction warranty. The JPA application holds no reference to the detached objects between the first access request and the subsequent change request.
Such detached transaction semantics is even more significant for typical web-based clients for which the time span of the user transaction can be significantly longer than the actual database transaction, or when most of the transactions are read-only (that is, they never commit at all, the so-called buy-to-browse ratio typically being 1:200 for many popular websites). This access-detach-modify-merge can enable a JPA-based application to become scalable and cost-effective. Such an application can support, say, 5,000 simultaneous web clients with only 10 database connections without losing any transactions or lowering response time.
However, the access-detach-modify-merge programming model must satisfy certain prerequisites for client-server interaction:
- The client must be written in the Java language to invoke JPA through a remote session bean or similar facade.
- The server sends the detached object graph as serialized bytes of strongly typed persistent Java objects defined on the server side. To interpret these bytes, a client requires the class definitions of the persistent Java types.
- In practice, most JPA vendors introduce dependency on their implementation classes (such as proxies for standard Java collection types) into the user-defined POJOs to manage them more effectively. That makes the client dependent on the runtime vendor libraries as well.
In contrast, JEST targets language-neutral clients and makes minimal assumptions about the client's computing environment, the lowest common denominator being a plain vanilla web browser. Hence, JEST must generate a representation for detached object graphs that are consumable by a language-neutral client, thereby unifying REST principles with JPA's access-detach-modify-merge programming model.
How JEST unifies REST and JPA
The key technical challenges of unifying REST and JPA, then, are:
- How to represent detached persistent object graphs as resources for language-neutral clients
- How to support ACID transactions without sacrificing the stateless nature of a RESTful server
JEST resources: Customizable, persistent closures
In the JEST context, the resource — the central concept of a RESTful architecture — is a customizable persistent closure of an identifiable, managed entity, as illustrated in Figure 3:
Figure 3. Customizable, persistent closure
A persistent closure of a managed root entity
x is defined as the set of managed entities
C(x) ={e}, where
e is reachable from
x directly or indirectly via a persistent relationship. Also, an entity is always reachable to itself, by definition.
Customization of a persistent closure is the ability to configure which entities are reachable from a root entity dynamically, at run time.
JPA prescribes that object relationships be decorated with persistence qualities. For example, a multivalued relationship between a
Department and its
Employees — that is, a private field in the
Department class declared as
List<Employee> employees — can be decorated as one-to-many relationship via the
@OneToMany annotation or an accompanying mapping descriptor. In such a case, all
Employee instances of a
Department d become reachable from
d. The closure can include indirect relation paths as well. If each
Employee e has a reference to an
Address instance
a annotated with
@OneToOne, then the
Address instance
a is transitively reachable from the
Department instance via
Employee e, and thus the closure of
d includes an
Address instance
a as well.
However, it is important to note that persistent closure applies only to
managed entities. So, for example, a
d may be logically related to a set of 20
Employee instances — but that relationship might not have been
loaded. That is, the
Employee instances may not have been fetched from the database into the persistence context that holds
d. In such a case, the closure of
d won't include the
Employee instances, nor will these instances be loaded from the database as a side-effect of evaluating the closure.
The current JPA specification provides some elementary facilities for the customization of closures. Any persistent property (relation as well as basic fields) can be decorated as
FetchType.LAZY or
FetchType.EAGER. Such decorations take effect when a root entity instance is being loaded from the database into a persistent context to determine which properties or other instances should be loaded as well. The major limitation of the current JPA specification is that such customization is defined statically, at design time. It is not possible to configure the closure at run time.
OpenJPA supports dynamic configuration of persistent closures through its
FetchPlan interface (see Resources).
FetchPlan's rich syntax and semantics allow the application to configure the closure for any root instance resulting from a
find() operation or instances selected by query. JEST leverages these mechanics to access a related set of entities and their properties. A fetch plan is a useful construct because the client can control the content of the requested representation for the same logical resource on a per-use-case basis. For example, the client can customize a representation it receives for the same coffee shop based on whether the information is rendered on a mobile phone or on a high-end desktop monitor.
Coherent JEST representations: XML and JSON
The next aspect of JEST's unification scheme is the resource representation. The representation is targeted for language-neutral, domain-agnostic clients. JEST prescribes the following qualities for resource representations:
- Noninvasive: The resource must not require annotation or decoration of any kind in order to be represented (see the JEST versus JAX-RS sidebar).
- Language-neutral: The representation must be consumable by a client based on any programming language. Because the interaction is based on a URI rather than an API, a client written in any language can receive a representation via an HTTP request. The representation also follows a well-known format, such as XML or JSON, to enable any client to interpret its content. No client requires a plug-in to interpret a JEST-generated representation.
- Domain-agnostic: Even though the original resource is a strongly typed persistent Java object, the client does not require the persistent class definitions in order to consume the JEST-generated representation. In the REST sense, the representation is self-describing.
Domain-driven versus domain-invariant representations
A language-neutral representation is a ordered sequence of bytes or characters with an implied format. Common examples are XML and JSON. A string-based representation of this nature caters to a wide variety of clients by not assuming any special capability of the client other than its ability to parse a sequence of bytes or characters from a character set. JEST generates XML and JSON representations, extended (in the case of JSON) with a few essential capabilities.
The core theme of a JEST representation is that it is model-driven, as opposed to domain-driven. It is common to find XML representations for Java types that are domain-driven. For example, consider the simple persistent Java type in Listing 1:
Listing 1. Simple persistent Java type
@javax.persistence.Entity public class Actor { @javax.persistence.Id private long id; private String name; private java.util.Date dob; }
Listing 2 shows the corresponding XML representation of an
Actor instance:
Listing 2. Domain-driven XML schema representing an
Actor instance
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <Actor> <id type="long">1234</id> <name type="string">Robert De Niro</name> <dob type="date">Aug 15, 1940</dob> </Actor>
Listing 2's XML representation is domain-driven in the sense that its implicit or explicit schema is governed by the type structure of the persistent domain class:
Actor. In contrast, a model-driven representation of the same instance looks like Listing 3:
Listing 3. Simple entity represented in a model-driven XML schema
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <instances> <instance type="Actor" id="Actor-1234"> <id name="id" type="long">1234</id> <basic name="name" type="string">Robert De Niro</name> <basic name="dob" type="date">Aug 15, 1940</dob> </instance> </instances>
A model-driven representation has a domain-invariant schema: it is generic enough to express any persistent type. In the model-driven representation, the schema for
Actor does not vary, whereas for a domain-driven representation, it does. The advantage of a model-driven representation is that it allows the recipient to interpret the representation in a generic way that is independent of the received information's exact structure.
The model-driven schema named jest-instance.xsd is directly derived from the Metamodel API introduced in JPA 2.0 (see Resources). The Metamodel API is similar to the Java Reflection API for Java language types, extended for persistent types to gain more expressiveness. JEST expresses the JPA Metamodel constructs such as (so called meta-metadata)
javax.persistence.metamodel.Entity or
SingularAttribute etc. in an XML schema. All JEST responses for any persistent entity adhere to the same jest-instance.xsd schema.
Coherent representation by persistent closure
A persistent closure is a closed set. That is, for any
e1 in a closure
C(x), this holds true:
e1refers to an entity
e2, then
e2must be in the same closure
This closeness property ensures that a representation of a JEST resource is coherent — an important aspect of REST-style representation. The client receives a representation in which all references are resolved within the same representation, and the client does not need to make another server request to resolve any references.
Why JEST extends JSON
For XML representation, JEST defines its domain-invariant XML schemas for identity and references as
xsd:ID and
xsd:IDREF types, respectively. Hence, a standard XML parser can resolve the references to appropriate Document Object Model (DOM) elements.
A coherent representation with JSON, however, faces a technical problem. Standard JSON encoding libraries, popular in web browser environments, do not support circular references (see Resources). (This is a surprising fact, given that circular references are a common occurrence for almost any persistent object graph.) To address this limitation of existing JSON encoders and, more important, to support the core premise of the representation being coherent to prevent chatty client-server conversations, JEST provides a JSON encoder that supports circular references.
JEST's encoder for JSON introduces two additional properties,
$id and
$ref, that carry the persistent identity of the managed entities to resolve any cycle an object graph may have. The standard JSON parsers available in Dojo or Gson can interpret this enhanced representation, simply ignoring the additional
$id and
$ref properties. Only JEST can reinterpret the enhanced JSON representation to recreate an object graph with cyclic references.
Detached transactions: Key to unifying REST with JPA transactions
JPA's detached-transaction model is the key to meeting the challenges of REST's prescription for server-at-rest-between-requests semantics for transactional web applications. JEST integrates these two architectural styles by carrying out a transaction in the sequence shown in Figure 4:
Figure 4. Detached transaction for integrating REST and JPA
- At time t1, the client request R1 for a resource reaches the server.
- The server uses JPA to access the resource from the database as a set of Java objects. This access requires a database connection. The JPA provider releases the database connection once the access is complete.
- The provider typically holds these objects in a short-term memory region called persistent context in JPA nomenclature. In this case, however, the provider immediately detaches the objects from the persistence context, converts them into a representation A1 that is interpretable by the client, and sends A1 as a response to original request R1. The immediate detachment ensures that the server application holds no resources after the response has been sent.
- The client renders A1 and lets the user modify the representation to A1'.
- The client may send further requests R2 and R3 to access more resources and receives A2 and A3, respectively, as responses.
- The client may let the user modify A2 or A3 as well.
- Once the user completes the modifications of all received responses, the client sends a request R4 at time t2 with all modified representations A1', A2', and A3'.
- The server converts the received modified representations to Java objects and uses JPA to merge them into a persistence context. At this point, the JPA provider may require a database connection to validate that the changes are consistent — for example, to ensure that no other client has committed incompatible changes to the same objects contained in A1', A2', and A3' in the time between t1 and t2. Eventually, if the changes are consistent and isolated, then the server commits the changes to the database via the JPA API.
In this REST-JPA unification scheme, the JPA application doesn't hold the detached persistent objects in short-term memory (persistence context) when their representations are being modified by the client. Nor does it require retaining a database connection to ensure the transactional warranty at a later time t2. The server remains stateless as far as database connection and short-term memory are concerned. The server requires these resources on an on-demand basis for a much shorter period than the time span between t1 and t2, which is the total duration of the transaction from the client's perspective.
This unification scheme solves the critical problem of how a stateless server can support client transactions without holding any client context and without sacrificing an ACID transaction warranty.
JEST over HTTP
The last JEST concept to understand is how it specifies a communication protocol and a URI scheme. REST never directly refers to any specific communication protocol between client and server. But, in practice, REST shares a close relationship with HTTP (and has greatly influenced the evolution of HTTP). Hence, the JEST project chose HTTP as JEST's communication protocol. (Following REST principles, JEST's core concepts — resources being persistent closures of managed entities, and representations being language-neutral and domain-agnostic — are independent of HTTP.)
JEST URI syntax
JEST interprets standard URIs to identify persistent resources. Standard URIs are defined in four segments: scheme, authority, path, and query (see Resources). JEST applies a special interpretation to the path and query segments to translate them to an appropriate persistence operation.
Here are a couple of typical JEST URIs that illustrate what information must be encoded in a URI for JEST to operate.
This URI gets an
Actor with primary key
This URI gets a single
Actor with the name
John via a Java Persistence Query Language (JPQL) query:
http://openjpa.com:8080/jest/query/single?q=select p from Actor p where p.name=:n&n=John
A JEST URI must encode sufficient information to furnish the following details:
- JPA operation: The persistent operations in the JEST context are mostly methods on the
find(): Locate an entity by its primary identifier.
persist(): Create the given new entity in the database.
merge(): Update the current persistence context with the current state of the given entity.
remove(): Delete the given entity from the database.
EntityManageralso acts as a factory to create executable
javax.persistence.Queryinstances from a JPQL query string.
The target persistence operation ideally should be implicit via an HTTP verb. The HTTP verbs
POST, and
DELETEdirectly translate to the corresponding JPA operation (
persist(), and
remove(), respectively) as shown in Figure 5:
Figure 5. Mapping HTTP verbs to JPA persistence operations
GET, however, must be multiplexed to a find or query operation. Besides these operations, HTTP
GETis also used to get the metamodel (
/domain) and configuration properties (
/properties) of the persistence unit. To account for multiplicity of resource types available through
GET, JEST requires that an action's name be encoded in the URI and mandates that the action be the first path segment following the invocation context.
- Qualifiers: A persistence operation can be further qualified or decorated. For example, a query can be constrained to return one and only one result, or only the first 20 selected results. A find or query operation can be decorated to apply a fetch plan to customize the set of entities to fetch from the database.
The qualifiers are encoded in path segments subsequent to action. An action can have zero or more qualifiers. The order in which qualifiers appear is not significant. A qualifier appears as a key-value pair separated by the
=character. For a qualifier with a boolean value, the value part can be omitted for brevity. Examples of boolean-valued qualifiers are
single(to denote that a query must be satisfied by one and only one entity) or
named(to denote that the specified query argument refers to the name of a declared
NamedQueryrather than a JPQL string).
- Arguments: Each operation requires arguments. The arguments of a
find()operation, for example, are the type of entity and its primary identifier. The arguments for a query operation are the JPQL string or moniker of a predefined named query. A parameterized query also takes a variable number of arguments as its binding parameters.
The arguments to a JPA operation are encoded in the query portion of the URI for an HTTP
GETrequest and in the payload for
POST, and
DELETErequests. Furthermore, the arguments encoded in the query portion of a
GET-request URI depend on the action. For example, a
find()operation takes two arguments: a Java class for the entity to be found and its persistent identifier.
The query segment of the URI separates each argument by the ampersand (
&) character, and each argument appears as a key-value pair separated by the equals (
=) character. Unlike qualifiers, the arguments are ordered, and most of them are mandatory.
The critical aspect of converting a URI to an executable JPA operation is transferring string-based arguments to the strongly typed arguments that any JPA operation requires. For example, the argument
type=Actormust be translated to
Actor.class. Or a XML/JSON payload for a
POSTrequest must be converted to a strongly typed Java object graph before being merged into the persistence context.
JEST in action
Now that you understand all of the conceptual and mechanical underpinnings of the JEST
unification scheme, you're ready to take a look at a concrete implementation:
JESTServlet is a standard
javax.sevlet.HttpServlet for accessing JEST facilities from a remote
client. A
JESTServlet can be deployed in any standard
servlet container, such as Tomcat, WebSphere®, or Glassfish.
Deploying JEST
JESTServlet is packaged with the OpenJPA installation. Download, build, and deployment instructions are available from the OpenJPA documentation site (see Resources), so I won't repeat those steps. Instead I'll describe the two deployment modes supported by
JESTServlet: primary and auxiliary, as illustrated in Figure 6:
Figure 6. Primary and auxiliary modes of deploying
In primary mode,
JESTServlet itself instantiates a
persistence unit,
EntityManagerFactory. The named persistence unit is described via a standard persistence descriptor: META-INF/persistence.xml, packaged in the web archive.
In auxiliary mode,
JESTServlet does not have its own
persistence unit but discovers a persistence unit of a sibling component: a
deployed artifact such as another servlet in the same deployment module. In auxiliary deployment mode,
JESTServlet needs to know the name of the persistence unit used by the sibling component. Currently, the sibling component must activate native pooling of OpenJPA's
EntityManagerFactory so that
JESTServlet can obtain a handle to the same unit from the pool. Different application and servlet containers may resort to proprietary mechanics to pool the persistence units (or their proxies) that the container often injects into the operational components via dependency injection. As of this writing,
JESTServlet does not have a generalized mechanics to locate a pooled persistence unit from such container-managed pools, but the project is investigating addition of such a capability.
The prepackaged sample demonstrates the auxiliary mode whereby a separate simple servlet instantiates a persistence unit and is deployed alongside
JESTServlet in the same web archive. The sample shows how
JESTServlet, without any prior knowledge of the persistence unit of its sibling, can browse the persistence domain or represent the persistent instances via its generic, domain-agnostic capabilities.
A Dojo client for JEST
JEST deliberately does not address the issue of rendering a resource representation. For example, it does not provide a representation in HTML.
JESTServlet, however, serves a single HTML page with embedded JavaScript. This page is effectively an Ajax client to JEST facilities. The client uses the Dojo JavaScript library to submit an asynchronous request for resources to
JESTServlet using the JEST URI syntax. It renders the response (in XML or JSON) either as it is received or in the form of Dojo visual widgets — validating my earlier assertion that specialized JSON encoder output accounting for cyclic graphs is consumable by standard JSON parsers. Figure 7 shows the page:
Figure 7. Dojo-based user interface to JEST
See the full figure here.
This single, interactive web page makes all available JEST resources accessible to the user: the persistent domain model, the persistent entities, and configuration of the persistence unit. It provides HTML forms for the user to build a request. These forms show how the JEST URI syntax is formed step-by-step by user-specified qualifiers and arguments.
JESTServlet executes each client request in a context that binds an HTTP servlet request-response to a persistence context. The lifetime of the context is same as the lifetime of the request-response cycle — thereby satisfying the stateless nature of REST in between requests.
JEST leverages the rich functional concepts of JPA architecture:
- A powerful query language
- Customizable closures
- Generic domain model
- Detached transactions to provide content-rich and dynamically configurable representation for remote, language-neutral clients with full compliance to REST architectural principles
JEST's approach is noninvasive to persistent resources, as opposed to other approaches with similar intent, such as JAX-RS. Because JEST is completely metadata-driven, it is a generic facility that applies to any persistent domain model without prior knowledge of its specifics.
JEST can be extended to represent the internal runtime state of OpenJPA — for example, the execution statistics of queries, or hit ratio of second-tier cache or cached entities. Access to such internal information could be useful for building a web-browser-based monitoring console.
An open issue for JEST is fine-grained data security. The provision to access persistent data as resources by a remote client raises data privacy and security concerns. The project is investigating how the content of a JEST response can be authenticated or controlled at a fine-grained data level based on the requesting client's credentials. Given that the JEST execution environment is aware of a persistent context and the expression tree of an executable query, a feasible approach is to predicate the query-expression tree nodes on a set of access rules based on a client's role. (The current
- JEST: Explore the JEST website, including the pages on:
- JEST Representation: See how JEST represents a persistent Java object graph in XML or JSON.
- JEST usage: Read about the primary and auxiliary modes of deploying
- OpenJPA Documentation: Consult the official documentation for OpenJPA and JEST.
- Representational State Transfer: Read Wikipedia's article on REST.
- Architectural Styles and the Design of Network-based Software Architectures (Roy Thomas Fielding, 2000): Fielding's Ph.D. dissertation originated REST concepts and terminology.
- "Dynamic, typesafe queries in JPA 2.0" (Pinaki Poddar, developerWorks, September 2009): Read about JPA 2.0's Metamodel API.
- JSR 317: Java Persistence 2.0: Take a look at the current JPA specification.
- "A brief introduction to REST" (Stefan Tilkov, InfoQ, December 2007): Get an introduction to REST concepts.
- Uniform Resource Identifiers (URI): Generic Syntax: This Request for Comments (RFC) defines the standard URI segments.
- Dojo and Gson: Learn more about these two JavaScript libraries.
- JSON: Read about JSON's lack of support for object references.
- Transitive closure: Explore the concept behind persistence closures.
- Fetch Groups: Read about OpenJPA's
- Browse the technology bookstore for books on these and other technical topics.
- developerWorks Java technology zone: Find hundreds of articles about every aspect of Java programming.
Get products and technologies
- OpenJPA: Download OpenJPA.
- Get involved in the developerWorks community. Connect with other developerWorks users while exploring the developer-driven blogs, forums, groups, and wikis.
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text:
Radiation output must be measured "at any SID where the system is designed to operate." Does this mean that I must measure the output at all possible SID settings?
No. Since the maximum SID setting represents the "worst case" scenario, radiation output needs to be measured only at the maximum SID setting.
Back to Radiation Output - Annual Quality Control Test


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Use Binder Clips While Ironing to Keep Your Pants in Place
Ironing can be a pain, but is worth it to keep your clothes (and you) looking sharp. Make ironing pants a little easier by using a couple large binder clips to keep the seams lined up.
Ironing can be a pain, but is worth it to keep your clothes (and you) looking sharp. Make ironing pants a little easier by using a couple large binder clips to keep the seams lined up.
If you're one of the many people out there that does not own an iron, there's a way you can remove wrinkles with something you probably do have: a basic cooking pot.
Looking good doesn't stop at getting good fitting clothes. You still have to dress yourself. For those times you need to tuck your shirt in, The Art of Manliness shows off four different techniques.
We've talked about ways to get wrinkles out of clothes without having to iron, but honestly, sometimes ironing is the best way to make your shirts look good and get them wrinkle free. It doesn't have to be a hassle either. This video from The Art of Manliness shows you how it's done.
Between shirts that don't stay tucked in, shoes that slip on and off, and zippers that get stuck every which way, it's a wonder we humans still wear clothes. Here are our top 10 clothing annoyances, and their clever solutions.
You can make a dirty iron look like new again with that powerful cleaning duo, vinegar and baking soda.
This quick video demonstrates how a simple sheet of aluminum foil can make that tedious chore of ironing much faster.
Ah, ironing boards. They serve their function, but it seems to take as much time to get them out and put them away than you spend ironing a shirt or other garment. If you have basic sewing skills you can make an ironing mat that magnetically attaches to the top of your dryer, taking significantly less time to get…
Ever rushed out the door and arrived at work only to realize your shirt is a wrinkled mess? DIY blog Stylelist Home suggests you can fix those wrinkles no matter where you are by wiping down the shirt with a damp towel.
When your clothes for the day are wrinkled you must normally take out an ironing board, plug in your iron, and spend a few minutes pressing out the wrinkles. Household weblog Re-Nest suggests instead that you lightly mist the clothing with water from a spray bottle. A few minutes later the wrinkles will disappear as…
Ironing board design hasn't changed much in the last 153 years. If you ever feel like your board just isn't efficient for the clothes you have, consider one Instructables user's modified board. With practice, it becomes a shirt-ironing machine.


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Wed., April 11, 2012, 9:06 a.m.
Lake Roosevelt levels continue downward trend
RESERVOIRS -- The level of Lake Roosevelt was about 1244 feet this morning and the Bureau of Reclamation says it will continue dropping at the rate of 1.3 - 1.5 foot per day through the rest of April.
The flood control elevation for April 30 is 1220.2.
This is not a good prescription for the comeback of trout and kokanee populations that were flushed out of the Lake Roosevelt system by deep drawdowns lat year. We may be looking at another bad year for fish.
Precipitation increased dramatically during March. The inflow forecast for Lake Roosevelt is 108% of average and the Dalles forecast is 111% of average.
For a daily forecast call (800) 824-4916. This forecast is updated at 3 p.m. each day.
See the Roosevelt current lake level chart.
Check here for the minimum boat launch elevations to determine which are out of water.
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Press Release - June 10, 2003
Heritage Realizes Over $6 Million in May Long Beach SalesDallas, Texas: Heritage, the official auctioneer of the May 2003 Long Beach Coin Expo, realized over $6 million total with its U.S., World, and Ancients Signature Sales and a Bullet Sale held between May 29 and June 2. Conducted in four sessions, the U.S. Signature Sale had an unusually strong sell through rate of 91.1%, which will climb even further as bidders compete for Post-Auction BargainsTM currently posted at www.heritagecoin.com.
"Key date Morgan Dollars brought exceptional results," noted Heritage President Greg Rohan. "An 1889-CC Dollar graded MS63 by PCGS achieved $23,575. A conditionally rare 1892-S Dollar, certified by PCGS as MS62, went to an internet bidder for $48,300. An 1893-S Dollar, MS61 PCGS, sold to the floor for a whopping $69,000. A proof-only 1895 Dollar, graded PR66 by NGC, brought $56,350."
Rohan continued, "One of the most surprising results from the sale, however, was for a 1912-S Cent that was certified MS65 Red by PCGS. The Coin Dealer Newsletter suggests a price of $1,300, but it sold for a spectacular $27,600. A unique 1854-O with Arrows Seated Half, formerly owned by Reed Hawn and graded MS63 Specimen by NGC, realized $14,950. A 1917 Nickel encapsulated by PCGS as MS67 generated $12,650."
The anchor consignments for the Signature Sale included the John Dabbert Collection of Hard Times and Civil War tokens, the Philip Kaufman Collection of spectacularly toned Seated proofs, the CEO Morgan Dollar PCGS Registry Set, and diverse offerings from the Ron Julian estate, noted attorney Brian Loncar, and the extraordinary Trane Collection. The highlight of the Heritage World Coin Auction Signature Sale was lot 11157, the unique Specimen 1888 Newfoundland Half Dollar, SP64 PCGS, which achieved $29,900.
Prices realized for all lots in the 2003 May Long Beach Signature Sale are posted online at www.HeritageCoin.com . Membership at that site is free, and, among numerous benefits, includes access to Heritage's Permanent Auction Archives-a complete listing of prices realized, descriptions, and images for all Heritage Signature Sales, Bullet Auctions, and Exclusively InternetTM Auctions from 1993-date, as well as all Heritage-CAA Signature Sales and CurrencyAuction.comTM online auctions.
Highlights from the May 2003 Long Beach Signature Sale:
1776 Continental Dollar, CURENCY, MS62 NGC, realized $28,175
1776 Continental Dollar, EG FECIT, MS62 PCGS, realized $33,350
1858/7 Cent, MS65 PCGS, realized $41,400
1912-S Cent, MS65 Red PCGS, realized $27,600
1864 Two Cent Piece, Small Motto PR65 Brown PCGS, realized $31,050
1917 Nickel, MS67 PCGS, realized $12,650
1874 Arrows Dime, PR65 PCGS, realized $12,650
1854-O Arrows Half Dollar, MS63 Specimen NGC, realized $14,950
1889-CC Morgan Dollar, MS63 PCGS, realized $23,575
1892-S Morgan Dollar, MS62 PCGS, realized $48,300
1893-S Morgan Dollar, MS61 PCGS, realized $69,000
1895 Morgan Dollar, PR66 NGC, realized $56,350
1807 $2 1/2, MS63 PCGS, realized $34,500
1795 $5 Small Eagle, Breen 1-C, MS62 NGC, realized $40,250
1891-CC $10, MS64 NGC, realized $26,450
Images, descriptions, and prices realized are available in the Permanent Auction Archives at the Heritage website, www.HeritageCoin.com. The Heritage name is recognized worldwide for bringing unparalleled value to every consignor and bidder. Year 2002 sales exceeded $170 million ($92 million at auction) and assets were approximately $30 million. HeritageCoin.com is the Internet's most popular and highly trafficked rare coin site, with over 81,000 registered members. HeritageCoin.com is the only coin site chosen twice by Forbes.com's Best of the Web (1999 and 2001) as one of the 250 best websites on the Internet, and also won the most recent Numismatic Literary Guild award for Best Numismatic Internet Site. For more information on how to consign your coins to our next Sale contact one of our consignment coordinators at 1-800-US COINS (800.872.6467). We also invite you to visit us on the web at http://www.HeritageCoin.com
Heritage membership
- Past Auction Values (prices, photos, full descriptions, etc.)
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Learn about consigning with us
I am so grateful to Heritage for creating nothing but positive memories for me of the auction experience.View More Testimonials
HA.com receives more traffic than any other auction house website. (Source: Similarweb.com)


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discovering europe treasures
i am a new traveller, for 4 years now, and the most i travel the most i want to move again.. travel-olic.
i also try to finish the old continent. even if i dont visit eachone too deeply i just want to go there and share moments with locals via Couchsurfing.
i enjoy countryside when sceneries are breathless, seacoast and cities with history
i often go to the movie (1 to 2 a week)
i enjoy welcome people in my place
i like to learn new languages
RIGA (latvia) TALLINN (estonia) CONNEMARA (eire)
BUDVA (montenegro) ST BREVIN (france) EGGERSUND (norway) EILEAN CASTLE (scotland) OHRID (macedonia) SIBIU (romania) and more of course
29 Nov 2009 - 20 Dec 2009
Visiting: South Africa, Swaziland and Lesotho.
29 Apr 2008 - 30 Apr 2008
Visiting: Romania.
Visiting: Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia.
herbert44 hasn't been active in the wiki travel guide yet. Have you?


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I'm sitting in the lobby of the Doubletree Hilton in San Jose watching folks who are leaving early, sipping coffee and trying to figure out how to convey this experience to you before I dash off to lurk in the back of Gus DiZerega's healing workshop.
PantheaCon is a different sort of Pagan event. While my experience at Pagan Spirit Gathering was one of diverse people creating common community, PantheaCon is a celebration Pagan diversity, and it's an important Pagan networking event. This is an event that features a fair number of Pagans in suits, and swapping business cards is a pretty common thing. There are Asatru and Goths and the whole spectrum of the Pagan community represented.
And in the process of writing this I got drawn into a fantastic conversation with a Pagan academic and had to come back to this post later. And that's what this event is about. You may plan out your day and intend to go to workshops but you end up only doing half of what you plan. Mainly because you get sucked into these amazing, fantastic in-depth conversations with fascinating people from diverse backgrounds who do really impressive things.
I will be writing more about the fantastic panels, rituals and workshops I attended and the amazing people I met, but it's time for me to crash. Expect me to unpack this experience over the coming week on the blog.


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With stiff fingers Burden removed a handkerchief from his pocket. First, it must persuade you that there really is a mystery lying in the hidden dimensions of life.
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To keep the placid, docile Honey Bun from being disturbed, Mrs. P. took the precaution of standing on a small platform in the middle of a canvas tank-on the floor of which were more than a dozen cobras. He looked at Ham now, holding the grenade in his hand, and asked, How long you hold these things before you throw them?
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Gunnar goes out, and drives the butt of his spear into the earth, and throws himself into the saddle, and rides away, His mother, Rannveig, went into the sitting-room, where there was a great noise of talking.gruene river grill new braunfels
He was far older than she had imagined he would be.
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We fumble our way toward knowledge, but reality will always surprise us. This fargi had learned to recite sounds and movements she could not possibly understand, to be rewarded with food for her efforts.
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(c) 2009 Associated Cleaning Services


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Maxim Lighting
From practical bathroom lighting, all the way up to the bigwigs of classy artistic lighting, Maxim Lighting defies the bare minimum by offering only the best in their lighting products.
Maxim Lighting's main specialty lies in traditional and transitional lighting pieces. If you're looking for a bold, beautiful chandelier that's a definite eyestopper, check out Maxim's show rooms. Their traditional lighting pieces are simply stunning, bringing back classic lighting designs reminiscent of older, timeless trends that have faded (but not disappeared) into the background. Maxim brings in influences from old world to European styles, sometimes combining different influences to come up with a unique, classy design.
Transitional lighting, on the other hand, blends the old and the new in a variety of innovative styles that offer customers a precarious mix of timelessness and contemporary functionality. Customers looking for slightly amped up traditional designs will find transitional lighting products to their liking, especially if they are from Maxim Lighting's far-reaching selections.
Maxim Lighting also provides Energy Star lighting fixtures— products designed to help the average family home save on energy consumption costs. Aside from being environmentally- friendly, these are also practical, affordable choices that help you economize in the long run. Many of Maxim Lighting's products are certified Energy Star products; simply check that it is specified on the product's features before making your purchase.
Whether you need chandeliers, flush mounts, wall sconces, vanities, outdoor wall mounts, post mounts or pendants, Maxim Lighting is ready to provide only the best for your home.
Please tell us what you thought of this, and feel free to ask questions...
Other Related Articles in Buyer's Guides...
Take a trip back to 1920's Venice with delicate milk glass sconces in your powder room, or the regal elegance of an embellished Victorian crystal chandelier in your staircase or foyer. Bring a taste of medieval Europe to your dining room with a dramatic round iron chandelier. Most Vintage style collections span throughout time including ceiling lights, pendants, sconces, chandeliers and bathroom fixtures, as well as floor lamps and table lamps.
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From host 126.96.36.199 using client Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 5.0; Windows 98; DigExt))
Please visit and try out the experimental Discus-based bulletin boards. Discus has many more features than the current WWWBoard-based bulletin boards, including the capability for others to sponsor and moderate boards on Cyburbia. The Discus-based boards may replace most of the WWWBoard-based boards if the program lives up to its billing.
New Cyburbia bulletin boards


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Seasoned marketing professionals are well aware of the time and cost to manage a successful tradeshow or conference. Preparation can go on for months. That is why its so important to have a great giveaway item that ties in with your brand or product to ensure the most traffic possible. In fact, 46 percent of executive decision makers make purchase decisions while attending a show – so let's give them something to take back to the office so that they remember to contact you without you having to do post-show follow-up marketing. We can also help customize your booth or table set-up with exhibitor signage and display items expertly printed on the latest digital printing machinery.
These classic brass name tags are perfect for those looking for a straightforward name tag.
These brass name tags are straightforward and to the point!