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Train Zagreb → BudapestFrom AU$ 79
- Departure station : Zagreb gl. kol. (Trg kralja Tomislava 12 10000 Zagreb)
- Arrival station : Budapest deli pu (Alkotás utca 1123 Budapest)
Budapest keleti p (Dohány utcai Zsinagóga VII. Dohány u. 2-8, Pest Budapest)
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Zagreb -> Budapest
Main stations in Zagreb and Budapest
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Budapest Keleti Train Station
Address: Dohány utcai Zsinagóga VII. Dohány u. 2-8, Pest BudapestOpening hours: Monday to Friday: 12am to 11:59pm
Saturday and Sunday: 12am to 11:59pm
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Rail agents, Assistance for disabled persons and junior travellers, Lost and found, Tourist Information Point, Toilets, ATM and Phone cabins.
Travel inspiration in Zagreb and Budapest
Zagreb, the capital city of the Republic of Croatia, is located in the northwest of the country, along the Sava river. Commonly described as the City with a heart, it is an integral part of the cultural circle of central Europe. Its rich cultural life is reflected through its 20 theatres, 3 concert halls, around 60 museums and art galleries.
A romantic, pleasant and safe city is the sentence which best summarizes the impressions of the ever growing number of tourists and businessmen who visit Zagreb. With unlimited possibilities for visits, musical events, art exhibitions, sporting events, interesting architecture, green parks and pedestrian zones, visitors and locals are most certainly pampered.
The city is protected from the northern winds by the mountains of Medvenica and opens up to the rest of the continent thanks to a spacious plain and the Sava River.
Budapest is up there among the world's most romantic, entertaining capitals. Hungary's capital is truly a city of a thousand faces, offering a unique atmosphere with an authentic Central Eastern European culture of architecture, cafés and world famous cuisine. Budapest boasts broad boulevards and green parks, grand Art-Nouveau mansions and vibrantly painted churches, lively cafés and world-class music venues.


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Kazakhstan has voted in a parliamentary election portrayed by President Nursultan Nazarbayev as a boost for democracy in the oil-rich state.
He called the poll two years early in order to amend the constitution, expanding parliament and introducing proportional representation.
But the changes also remove any limit on presidential terms in office.
Kazakhs elect changed parliament
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Michelle Obama Talks Race, Her Girls & Being Tucked Into Bed On "The View"
Michelle Obama kept it classy on "The View" this morning, as always. The First Lady gamely fielded questions about the president tucking her into bed at night and whether she would ever consider running for office. (Answer: hell no!) She also discussed the continued prevalence of racism in this country. But I was most interested in hearing her discuss how the Obamas raise their daughters and make sure Malia and Sasha are happy, even with all the craziness swirling around them. "The thing I always want my girls to know is their life is good either way," she said. "They understand their world is secure no matter what. They've grown to understand home is wherever we are. … Dad is always going to be Dad." Well said. [Mediaite]


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Valve programmer Michael Abrash, who is heading the team for the company's virtual reality headset, has made a post on the Valve blog detailing the difficulties of working on virtual and augmented reality. The main takeaway from the post is the subject of latency. According to the post, latency is the biggest enemy of virtual reality.
Abrash wrote, "When it comes to VR and AR, latency is fundamental—if you don't have low enough latency, it's impossible to deliver good experiences, by which I mean virtual objects that your eyes and brain accept as real."
The biggest problem from latency is perceiving virtual objects to be real. Real, in this sense, doesn't mean that they don't look virtual, "but rather that your perception of them as part of the world as you move your eyes, head, and body is indistinguishable from your perception of real objects."
Sure, Valve. Blame lag for everything…
Abrash states that virtual objects have to stay in the same perceived real-world locations as you move, and being right only 99 percent of the time because latency is no good, "because the occasional mis-registration is precisely the sort of thing your visual system is designed to detect, and will stick out like a sore thumb."
Back in September, Valve announced its plans to kick off the beta for its augmented reality headsets in 2013. For the beta, Valve will be releasing prototypes of the hardware to a select few gamers on Steam, though how these players will be selected is unknown. It's not even confirmed how the control scheme on the headset will work. In an interview with Engadget, Valve's Jeri Ellsworth suggested that no option – "from Phantom Lapboard-esque solutions to hybrid controllers" – is out of the question for the company.
Valve had revealed its plans for a virtual reality gaming headset in September last year, and it seems the company will face greater technical challenges when developing its headset as compared with Google's Project Glass. While Google's glasses will display texts and video conferences, Valve has greater technical challenges to overcome with augmented-reality games. It has to figure out how to keep stable an image of a virtual object (say, a billboard) that is meant to be attached to a real-world object (the side of a building) while a player moves around. Otherwise, the illusion would be shattered.
Earlier last year, Valve stated on a job listing for an industrial designer that it is "jumping in" the computer hardware business. The post adds that Valve is "frustrated by the lack of innovation in the computer hardware space" and sees "a real void in the marketplace." Valve also seems to think that opportunities to create compelling user experiences are "being overlooked".
"Valve is traditionally a software company. Open platforms like the PC and Mac are important to us, as they enable us and our partners to have a robust and direct relationship with customers. We're frustrated by the lack of innovation in the computer hardware space though, so we're jumping in. Even basic input, the keyboard and mouse, haven't really changed in any meaningful way over the years. There's a real void in the marketplace, and opportunities to create compelling user experiences are being overlooked," the post reads.
The post doesn't include information about any specific computer hardware Valve may be considering, but it does mention that basic input peripherals such as the keyboard and mouse "haven't really changed in any meaningful way over the years."
Publish date: January 2, 2013 10:49 am| Modified date: December 19, 2013 6:17 am
Augmented Reality Gaming, Big Picture, Gabe Newell, Games, Gaming, gaming hardware, Gaming Headset, Google's Project Glass, hardware plans, NVIS, Steam, Valve, Valve Console, Valve Gaming Hardware, Valve Gaming Headset, Valve hardware, Valve Headset, virtual reality glasses, wearable computing project


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Sited at the end of a long quiet drive on 5.20 wooded acres with all the amenities a high-end home can provide. The residence has eight bedrooms, eight and one half baths, chef's kitchen, wet bar with wine cooler and ice maker, formal dining room and finished basement. A spacious yet cozy gathering room with fireplace looks out to the heated swimming pool, Jacuzzi, and all weather tennis court beyond. This is a rare opportunity for those looking for peace and seclusion in a very special and private enclave. Other / Short Term - available for August - need price: $150,000
The Hamptons may be internationally renowned as a playground for the rich and famous, but there's so much more to this striking region on the eastern end of Long Island, New York than parties and polo within Gatsby-esque luxury homes. For starters, while the sidewalks of the hamlets and villages that make up the area collectively known as The Hamptons are often teeming with a who's who of bold-face names and C-suite executives, the beaches are the real stars here.Read more about luxury homes in The Hamptons And Northfork


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Barbara Pym, who wrote mostly in the 1950s, has been described as the most underrated author in the English language. Her books fell into obscurity before being resurrected in 1977. Today there is a Barbara Pym Society that holds international conferences about her works and her life; books and articles have been published as well—and yet she is still not well known.
Excellent Women is a good introduction to Barbara Pym's works. Mildred Lansbury is in her 30s, unmarried (in 1950s London that makes her a veritable spinster), and has a tendency to get involved in other people's affairs. Mildred is also an excellent observer, offering witty, perceptive comments about herself and about the people she meets. Like Jane Austen before her, Barbara Pym creates a character-driven world with Mildred as entertaining tour guide. There are deeper themes here too, as Mildred ponders gender roles, societal expectations, and her own place.
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DALTON DISTRICT, Dalton, Ohio -- August will be jam-packed with events relating to the new Dalton El
Current subscribers have full access to all online news content as part of their subscription. If you are a current subscriber, please log in with your website account information for full access. If you are a current subscriber, but have not yet registered for access to the website, please call our Circulation Department at (330) 287-1615


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Product Information
Tough and long lasting, great for beginning agility and or Flyball training. Squeaks to your dogs delight. A wonderful toy for those dogs that like to play tug or whip their toys back and forth -- soft edges won't hurt gums.
Tuff Scale: 8 out of 10 Measures: 8x 8x 1 - Intended for dogs under 20 lbs.
Squeakers: 3
Veterinarian Recommended and Approved
Jr Construction: Each toy is made with 4 layers. 2 layers are made of industrial grade luggage material, 1 layer of plastic coating, and the other layer is made of soft fleece on the outside. All of these layers are sewn together to make one super strong layer of material. Each toy is sewn together with 2 layers of cross stitching and then 2 layers of linear stitching. After the toy is sewn together an additional piece of black trim is added to cover the four rows of stitching. This extra piece of black trim is sewn with 3 linear stitches to give the product a total of 7 seams! These toys are machine washable (air dry) and float.
My yorkie tears up almost all his toys but so far he has tried it on this one and the material is great. Light enough to play fetch with him and he loves it.
It is durable so far and my dog loves it.
My Pug has been chewing on this for a few months now and it's held up quite well. The edges are a little frayed and some of the strings are coming loose, but no holes so far.


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Q: Toll transponders
I know there are toll lanes for car pools in Northern California. Will our transponders for the new Harbor (110) Freeway ExpressLanes work with toll roads in the Bay Area?
- Ted Lampkin
Yes, all transponders used in the state work in both Northern and Southern California - but there's a catch. And that is that transponders from Northern California don't have the switch that transponders in Southern California have.
That switch allows a driver with a transponder issued in Southern California who usually drives solo and pays for the ExpressLanes to flip it and drive for free if the motorist has two or more people in their vehicle.
So what's a driver from Northern California visiting Southern California to do?
"They can use our ExpressLanes with their transponder, but they will be charged a toll," said Rick Jager, a spokesman for the Metropolitan Transit Authority.
"So if they have two or more people in their vehicle, they may want to see if their agency will switch out their transponder to one of ours that has the switch so they can drive toll-free" on the 110.
Incidentally, Metro has not yet announced a date when the ExpressLanes will begin operating.
For more information about ExpressLanes and transponders, visit www.metro.net/projects/expresslanes.
- Nick Green
To ask us: Curious about something in the South Bay or Harbor Area? Let us know, and we'll try to get answers. You can 1) leave us a message at 310-543-6698, 2) fax us at 310-540-6272, 3) mail us a letter to Ask Us, Daily Breeze, South Bay Tower, 21250 Hawthorne Blvd., Suite 170, Torrance, CA 90503 or 4) email us at firstname.lastname@example.com. Include your name, address and daytime phone number.


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This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).
The applications of wireless sensor networks comprise a wide variety of scenarios. In most of them, the network is composed of a significant number of nodes deployed in an extensive area in which not all nodes are directly connected. Then, the data exchange is supported by multihop communications. Routing protocols are in charge of discovering and maintaining the routes in the network. However, the appropriateness of a particular routing protocol mainly depends on the capabilities of the nodes and on the application requirements. This paper presents a review of the main routing protocols proposed for wireless sensor networks. Additionally, the paper includes the efforts carried out by Spanish universities on developing optimization techniques in the area of routing protocols for wireless sensor networks.
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) are intended for monitoring an environment. The main task of a wireless sensor node is to sense and collect data from a certain domain, process them and transmit it to the sink where the application lies. However, ensuring the direct communication between a sensor and the sink may force nodes to emit their messages with such a high power that their resources could be quickly depleted. Therefore, the collaboration of nodes to ensure that distant nodes communicate with the sink is a requirement. In this way, messages are propagated by intermediate nodes so that a route with multiple links or hops to the sink is established.
Taking into account the reduced capabilities of sensors, the communication with the sink could be initially conceived without a routing protocol. With this premise, the flooding algorithm stands out as the simplest solution. In this algorithm, the transmitter broadcasts the data which are consecutively retransmitted in order to make them arrive at the intended destination. However, its simplicity brings about significant drawbacks. Firstly, an implosion is detected because nodes redundantly receive multiple copies of the same data message. Then, as the event may be detected by several nodes in the affected area, multiple data messages containing similar information are introduced into the network. Moreover, the nodes do not take into account their resources to limit their functionalities.
One optimization relies on the gossiping algorithm [
Due to the deficiencies of the previous strategies, routing protocols become necessary in wireless sensor networks. Nevertheless, the inclusion of a routing protocol in a wireless sensor network is not a trivial task. One of the main limitations is the identification of nodes. Since wireless sensor networks are formed by a significant number of nodes, the manual assignation of unique identifiers becomes infeasible [
Once nodes are identified, routing protocols are in charge of constructing and maintaining routes between distant nodes. The different ways in which routing protocols operate make them appropriate for certain applications.
In the related literature, there are plenty of proposals concerning routing algorithms in wireless sensor networks. This paper aims at describing the most relevant ones in order to facilitate the understanding of the different routing techniques that could be applied into wireless sensor networks. Specifically, the paper explains some attributed-based, geographic, hierarchical and multipath routing protocols. The most significant Spanish proposals are also described.
The rest of the paper is structured as follows. Section 2 shows the basic communication paradigms that wireless sensor networks follow while Section 3 describes the main design constraints that routing protocols must face in wireless sensor networks. In Section 4, we present the most popular classification schemes for routing protocols in this kind of networks. Section 5 outlines the optimization procedures adopted by these routing protocols. The application of these techniques leads to attribute-based, geographic, hierarchical and multipath routing protocols, as shown in Section 6. Section 7 summarizes the most significant schemes for routing protocols defined in Spain, focusing on our contributions. Finally, Section 8 draws the main conclusions of this work.
Sensor applications demand the communication of nodes to execute certain procedures or algorithms. In fact, three kinds of algorithms can be executed on wireless sensor networks [
The algorithm paradigm is an important factor to take into account when deciding about the routing protocol to employ in the network. If localized algorithms are used, the routing protocol should reinforce and optimize the communication between neighbors. On the other hand, for centralized algorithms, combining the messages that simultaneously go the central node (even when they are generated by different sources) could be an advantage. The distributed algorithms should efficiently support the communication between any two pairs of nodes. Finally, local based algorithms depend on some solution that provides geographic coordinates, like GPS, making the solution more expensive.
Due to the reduced computing, radio and battery resources of sensors, routing protocols in wireless sensor networks are expected to fulfill the following requirements [
Taking into account their procedures, routing protocols can be roughly classified according to the following criteria.
In the flat schemes, all sensor nodes participate with the same role in the routing procedures. On the other hand, the hierarchical routing protocols classify sensor nodes according to their functionalities [
Depending on the application, data gathering and interaction in wireless sensor networks could be accomplished on several ways. The data delivery model indicates the flow of information between the sensor nodes and the sink [
The particular characteristics of wireless sensor networks and their constraints have prompted the need for specific requirements to routing protocols. When compared to mobile
In these algorithms, the sink sends queries to certain regions and waits for the response from the sensors located in this area. Following an attribute-value scheme, the queries inform about the required data. The selection of the attributes depends on the application. An important characteristic of these schemes is that the content of the data messages is analyzed in each hop to make decisions about routing.
Multiple routes can communicate a node and the sink. The aim of energy-aware algorithms is to select those routes that are expected to maximize the network lifetime. To do so, the routes composed of nodes with higher energy resources are preferred.
Data collected in sensors are derived from common phenomena so nodes in a close area usually share similar information. A way to reduce energy consumption is data aggregation. Aggregation consists of suppressing redundancy in different data messages. When the suppression is achieved by some signal processing techniques, this operation is called data fusion.
Wireless sensor networks are formed by a significant number of nodes so the manual assignation of unique identifiers is infeasible. The use of the MAC address or the GPS coordinates is not recommended as it introduces a significant payload [
When this technique is used, a node decides the transmission route according to the localization of the final destination and the positions of some other nodes in the network.
With this technique, nodes use multiple paths from an origin to a destination in the network. As multipath communications are intended to increase the reliability and the performance of the network, these paths should not share any link. Multipath communications can be accomplished in two ways. Firstly, one path is established as the active communication routing while the other paths are stored for future need, i.e. when the current active path is broken. On the other hand, it is also possible to distribute the traffic among the multiple paths.
The network application business and its functionalities prompt the need for ensuring a QoS (Quality of Service) in the data exchange. In particular, effective sample rate, delay bounded and temporary precision are often required. Satisfying them is not possible for all the routing protocols as the demands may be opposite to the protocol principles. For instance, a routing protocol could be designed to extend the network lifetime while an application may demand an effective sample rate which forces periodic transmissions and, in turn, periodic energy consumptions.
By means of representative routing protocols, we present how the attribute-based, the geographic and the multipath techniques are usually applied into wireless sensor networks. Although the hierarchy is commonly considered a parameter for the classification of protocols, we will study it as an important technique used in routing protocols and therefore, we will also analyze some representative hierarchical routing protocols.
In this category, the following protocols stand out:
In [
In point-to-point networks, the sender announces that it has new data with an advertisement message to each neighbor. When the neighbor receives the message, the node checks the metadata to know if it already stores the data item. If the neighbor is interested in the information, it responds with a request message. Upon receiving it, the sender transmits the information in a data message. The neighbor that receives the data, inform about its availability to its own neighbors with an advertisement message. The three-handshake protocol is then repeated. The described process is known as SPIN-PP. The algorithm SPIN-EC introduces a technique in the nodes so when their current energy resources do not exceed a predetermined threshold that allows them to complete the three hand-shake protocol, they do not participate in the process. The SPIN-BC and SPIN-RL variants extend the algorithm to support broadcast transmissions. In this way, one advertisement message can reach all the neighbors. In this case, the neighbors do not respond immediately with a request message but they must wait a random time. To optimize the process, a node different from the advertising one cancels its own request message when it detects another similar message. Taking into account the broadcast transmission, the advertising node also responds with just one data message even when it has received multiple request messages. Additionally, SPIN-RL incorporates some reliability functionalities. Specifically, nodes keep track of the advertisement messages that they receive and their corresponding originators. If they send a request message, but the announcing node does not respond in a given interval, the node asks again for the data with a request message.
Comparing the SPIN protocols to other possible approaches, the SPIN protocols can deliver 60% more data for a given amount of energy than conventional approaches in a point-to-point network and 80% more data for a given amount of energy in a broadcast network. In addition, in terms of dissemination rate and energy usage, the SPIN protocols perform close to the theoretical optimum in both point-to-point and broadcast networks. One of the major advantages of these protocols is that nodes are only required to know its 1-hop neighborhood.
As a data-centric protocol, applications in sensors label the data using attribute-value pairs. A node that demands the data generates a request where an interest is specified according to the attribute-value based scheme defined by the application. The sink usually injects an interest in the network for each application task [
In this algorithm, the queries generated by the sink are propagated among the nodes that have observed an event related to the queries [
On reception of agents, nodes can acquire updated information about the events in the network. This knowledge is reflected in the node's event caches. By using the event cache, a node can conveniently send a query message. However, some nodes may not be aware of the event's originator. Under these circumstances, the query is sequentially propagated to one of the neighbors selected randomly. Once the query arrives at a node with an entry related to the demanded event in its event cache, the query is then forwarded through the learnt path. Following this procedure, the cost of flooding the network with the query is clearly suppressed.
Under this approach, the network is foreseen as a distributed database where some nodes containing the information are temporary unreachable [
This algorithm [
These algorithms take advantage of the location information to make routing techniques more efficient. Specifically, neighbors exchange information about their location so when a node needs to forward a packet, it sends it to the neighbor which is assumed to be closest to the final destination. To operate, the source inserts the destination's coordinates in the packets. The location information used in geographical algorithms can be derived from specific devices such as GPS or it can be modeled by virtual coordinates [
Concerning geographical protocols, geocasting is the process by which a packet is delivered to the nodes placed in an area. This primitive is especially suitable in wireless sensor networks since the sink usually demands information from the nodes that are in a zone. The zone can be statically determined by the source node or it can be constructed dynamically by the relaying nodes in order to avoid some nodes that may cause a detour.
On the other hand, in geographic-based rendezvous mechanisms, geographical locations are used as a rendezvous place for providers and seekers of information. Geographic-based rendezvous mechanisms can be used as an efficient means for service location and resource discovery, in addition to data dissemination and access in wireless sensor networks [
Under this approach, a node decides about the transmission path based on the position of its neighbors. To proceed, the source compares the localization of the destination with the coordinates of its neighbors. Then, it propagates the message to the neighbor which is closest to the final destination. The process is repeated until de packet reaches the intended destination. Several metrics related to the concept of closeness have been proposed for this context. Among them, the most popular metrics are the Euclidean distance and the projected line joining the relaying node and the destination.
With this strategy, flooding processes are restricted to one-hop and the network is able to adapt proficiently to the topological changes. This simple forwarding rule is modified according to the reliability of links in [
Similar to this algorithm, the greedy algorithm with the 'most-forward-within-R' forwarding technique opts to select the most distant neighbor of the packet holder which is closer to the final destination as the next hop [
The main limitation of the greedy algorithms is that the transmission may fail when the current holder of the message has no neighbors closer to the destination than itself. This could occur even when there is a feasible path between the two extremes, for instance, when an obstacle is present. Aiming at overcoming this drawback, the 'right hand' rule is suggested [
This protocol aims at optimizing the performance of wireless sensor networks by identifying equivalent nodes with respect to forwarding packets [
Nodes identify equivalent nodes by the periodic exchange of discovery messages with the nodes in their cells. With the information contained in these messages, the nodes negotiate which one is going to support the communications. The other nodes will stay powered off. With this procedure, the routing fidelity is kept, that is, there is uninterrupted connectivity between communicating nodes. However, the elected node periodically rotates for fair energy consumption. To do so, the nodes wake up periodically.
The main objective of hierarchical routing is to reduce energy consumption by classifying nodes into clusters. In each cluster, a node is selected as the leader or the cluster head. The different schemes for hierarchical routings mainly differ in how the cluster head is selected and how the nodes behave in the inter and intra-cluster domain.
In LEACH the role of the cluster head is periodically transferred among the nodes in the network in order to distribute the energy consumption. The performance of LEACH is based on rounds. Then, a cluster head is elected in each round. For this election, the number of nodes that have not been cluster heads and the percentage of cluster heads are used. Once the cluster head is defined in the setup phase, it establishes a TDMA schedule for the transmissions in its cluster [
A centralized version of this protocol is LEACH-C [
It is considered an optimization of the LEACH algorithm. Rather than classifying nodes in clusters, the algorithm forms chains of the sensor nodes. Based on this structure, each node transmits to and receives from only one closest node of its neighbors. With this purpose, the nodes adjust the power of their transmissions [
The main drawback of this scheme is that, if the thresholds are not reached, the nodes will never communicate; the user will not get any data from the network at all and will not come to know even if all the nodes die. Thus, this scheme is not well suited for applications where the user needs to get data on a regular basis.
DirQ [
In these protocols, a source knows multiple routes to a destination. The routes can be simultaneously used or one of them can be active while the others are maintained for future needs.
This algorithm combines the energy consumption optimization with the use of multiple routes [
Once multiple paths are discovered, this algorithm associates a probability of use to each route [
This protocol presents two operation modes [
Hierarchical and geographic routing protocols are considered scalable solutions. Keeping a hierarchical structure demands the coordination of nodes by means of transmitted messages. In dense networks, the use of the cluster-based structure makes up for this cost. However, this benefit does not hold in small networks. A similar behavior is observed for geographic approaches. When the network is composed of a significant number of nodes in an extended area, the exchange of messages to establish the location of neighbors becomes negligible compared to the reduction of transmissions that the geographic algorithm achieves. In these two approaches, the topology of the network must be stable. On the contrary, the cluster structure and the geographic information must be frequently updated which leads to additional costs. For instance, in stable networks, PEGASIS is usually more efficient than LEACH. However, the construction of the chains in PEGASIS could lead to significant resource consumption in highly dynamic topologies.
Attribute-based techniques become relevant when the data sensed by the nodes are not usually of interest to the rest of the nodes. Under these circumstances, the algorithms could greatly reduce the network overhead. The decision about which algorithm should be selected mainly depends on the data delivery model that the application forces. When the communication should be triggered by events, SPIN is the most suitable attribute-based algorithm. However, Directed Diffusion, Rumor, COUGAR and ACQUIRE are query-driven protocol. They roughly differ in how the query is propagated and resolved in the network.
Concerning the multipath routing protocols, their main disadvantage lies on the cost of maintaining the paths. This cost comprises memory resources as well as network overhead. Therefore, they are not appropriate for networks critically constrained by their reduced batteries. However, they become necessary when reliability is a strong requirement in the application business.
Among these studies, the following works stand out:
The geographic routing protocols were initially conceived to operate with the periodic exchange of messages that inform about the position of nodes in the network. These messages or beacons incurs in an additional overhead, which represents the main disadvantage of this kind of protocols. In [
In [
Underwater wireless sensor networks consist of a certain number of sensors and vehicles that interact to collect data and perform collaborative tasks. Designing energy-efficient routing protocols for this type of networks is essential and challenging because sensor nodes are powered by batteries, which are difficult to replace or recharge, and because underwater communications are severely affected by network dynamics, large propagation delays and high error probability of acoustic channels. In [
In a research project supported by Petróleos de Venezuela, S.A (PDVSA), the state-owned corporation of the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela responsible for the efficient, profitable, and dependable exploration, production, refining, transport and commerce of hydrocarbons, our group was interested in considering a routing protocol that could deal with three different aspects: battery availability, number of hops and link quality to guarantee the arrival of messages in the sink node in a energy saving way. We could not find any WSN routing protocol that used these three parameters together and at the same time was concerned about energy saving and reliability features. For this reason a new routing protocol called SHRP was proposed [
The SHRP protocol is concerned with topology maintenance that is directed related to the reliability of data delivery. To arrange this it makes use of metrics like local battery availability and link quality between neighbor nodes in choosing the best route into the sink node.
It is also concerned with energy saving as not all periodic data are sent to the sink, as there is a concern that transmission is the task that more wastes energy in wireless sensor networks [
SHRP provides a load balance scheme during the creation of best routes groups, so not always will the same best route be chosen.
To be flexible and to contribute with new metrics for others routing protocols, the SHRP architecture uses SP [
The proposed protocol takes care of link quality, cutting off neighbor nodes from the routing table nodes that have the average link quality indicator below a minimum threshold. This threshold is related to the IEEE LQI indicator [
All the tasks of cutting off neighbor nodes, shown before, represent that if a node does not have sufficient battery power or has a bad link quality, caused by interference, multipath or path loss it will not participate as a route node in the choosing of the best route.
To provide the topology maintenance SHRP protocol defines new metrics that SP does not provide. To be aware about the state of the energy of the nodes, SHRP defines a metric called "minbattrem" that keeps information about the energy available in each node along each route until the sink node.
SHRP protocol tries to choose the route that gives more reliability, this mean, the route that give the mayor energy available along all the possible routes until the sink node.
Another metric defined by SHRP protocol is called "nhops". With this metric SHRP can choose a route that takes into account the number of hops to the sink node. As the transmission is the task that uses more energy, SHRP tries to choose the route that pass through the minor number of hops, saving more energy.
Newer radios that are based on IEEE 802.15.4 standard such as CC2420 implement a parameter called link quality indicator (LQI) which is believed to be a better indicator than RSSI [
Protocol designers looking for inexpensive and agile link estimators may choose RSSI over LQI [
The SHRP protocol defines three kinds of sensing data messages: (i) periodic; (ii) alert; (iii) alarm. The sink node sends the query message, that is explained later, with the information that the monitoring system is interested to collect periodically. Based on this message, the sensing nodes know what and when they have to sense.
The alert message is sent when the sensed data value is above an average value, specified by the monitoring system. The alarm message is sent when the value of the data sensed is below a minimum or above a maximum threshold, also specified by the system. This message is sent with the Urgent and Reliability bits 'on', so they have priority over any other message and the sender waits for an ACK message, to confirm that the alarm message have arrived. To do some experimental tests was defined the 'convergence time' as a period that takes long for all NC nodes update its routing tables, so it includes all transmission and processing times. In a Wireless Sensor Network, the clocks that come with each mote works independently, so in order to calculate the convergence time of SHRP protocol, was implemented a synchronization mechanism based on the TPSN scheme. The experimental tests were done in four different topologies (see
In the star topology (see Figure 3.1) all NC nodes have a direct link with the sink node. The results of the convergence time of this topology can be seen on
The consolidation of the data is shown in
With these experiments the conclusion is that SHRP protocol has a media convergence time of 8 ms for each direct link that has to exchange NMI messages, and this time increases linearly with the increase of neighbor nodes.
The second experiments that we have done are the comparison of SHRP protocol and HTS (
As we can see in
These experiments shows that SHRP protocol has a better convergence time with respect to a simple protocol such as HTS, that just chooses the neighbors based on the number of hops to the sink node. Link state protocols like HTS, where each node has to know all the routes to the sink node, can have a large convergence time, being a problem when there is a topology that changes constantly as in wireless sensor network, as we have low battery time, interference and obstacles problems. So we can conclude that protocols that just need to have neighbor information to decide the best route shows to have a lower convergence time, being more interesting to WSN.
The proliferation of smart, light-weight sensors has made wireless sensor network popular. The constrained capabilities of the devices should be taken into account for the development of applications for these networks. Concerning the routing protocols, the reduced energy resources, the scalability and the resilience arise as the main limitations in wireless sensor networks. This paper presents a survey on how routing protocols are adapted to these characteristics. Additionally, the paper includes the efforts carried out by Spanish universities on developing optimization techniques in the area of routing protocols for wireless sensor networks, focusing on our contribution: a proposal of routing protocol for wireless sensor networks, called SHRP (Simple Hierarchical Routing Protocol). Aiming at prolonging network lifetime, this protocol decides the best route according to three different metrics: battery availability, number of hops and link quality. The algorithm also includes a load-balance technique so that the traffic is distributed among the possible routes. To be flexible and to contribute with new metrics for others routing protocols, the SHRP architecture uses SP that allows network protocols to choose neighbors wisely, taking into account information available at the link layer, providing a great modularity.
This work was supported by the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICINN) through Project TEC2007-67129/TCM, by the Ministerio de Industria, Turismo y Comercio (MITyC) through the Projects AVANZA I+D TSI-020100-2008-365 and TSI-020100-2009-374. Ana Lucila Sandoval Orozco is supported by the Programme Alβan, the European Union Programme of High Level Scholarships for Latin America, scholarship No. E07M403236CO. Ana Lucila Sandoval Orozco is also supported by the Departamento Administrativo de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación (Colciencias) through Programa de Recuperación Contingente which funds the Project 121545221101.
Relation of QoS and Routing Protocol Goal and Strategy.
Interaction between SHRP protocol and SP.
Topologies of the Experiments.
Convergence Time of Topology 1.
Convergence Time of Topology 2.
Convergence Time of Topology 3.
Convergence Time of Topology 4.
Comparison of Convergence Times.
Convergence Time of Topology 1.
Convergence Time of Topology 2.
Convergence Time of Topology 3.
Summary of the characteristics of the routing protocols that will be studied in this section. As we can observe, the combination of the optimization techniques is usual.
|Directed Diffusion
|Maximum Lifetime
|Energy Aware


text:
C. E. BROWN ENTERPRISES Ripoff Reports, Complaints, Reviews, Scams, Lawsuits and Frauds Reported
For more results perform a general search for "c. e. brown enterprises"
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Maya Angelou, National Treasure
America has lost a great treasure. This week, the world said goodbye to an amazing teacher, poet, performer, activist, director, writer, and person. Dr. Maya Angelou, best known around the library as a great figure in literature, passed away on May 28, 2014. She left behind a legacy of words, performances, and actions. As she stated herself, "nothing can dim the light that shines within." The memory of Dr. Angelou shine bright in America's culture, literature and art.
The JTCC libraries have a wonderful collection of Dr. Angelou's work. Please come by the Midlothian library to check out our display or visit the library website to request any of the available titles.


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The deal was brokered by Alexi Antolovich of Goldman Sachs, which is advising Charter Hall Group as it prepares to defend its management of the A-REIT ahead of an extraordinary general meeting next month.
Three hedge funds, led by Orange Capital, have appealed to unit holders to vote out the current managers in favour of the Bill Moss-led Moss Capital and Fortius, a funds management group founded by Ray Sproats.
Sources close to Charter Hall Group said the transaction would send "a shiver of fear" through its antagonists as it boosted the listed fund's voting power by 3.3 per cent.
Orange Capital, Luxor Capital and Point Lobos Capital control a combined 19.06 per cent of the trust.
Orange Capital managing partner Daniel Lewis said he "wasn't going to lose sleep over a 3.3 per cent increase" and accused Charter Hall Group of "trying to spend to preserve their position rather than create value and do the right thing by everybody".
Despite the stoic stance from the hedge funds, sources close to the negotiations claim the Fir Tree deal has opened the floodgates for other stakeholders, with inquiries for similar deals coming in thick and fast.
Charter Hall will pay about $38 million for the additional stake.
The price has been struck at a 5.6 per cent discount to what is expected to be the trust's pro forma Australian net tangible asset backing after the US assets are sold.
Under the terms of the agreement, the transfer of the units will be triggered when at least 80 per cent of the proceeds from the US property portfolio sale have been returned to unit holders.
Charter Hall Group intends to fund the acquisition, which doesn't have to be completed until the end of November, with the $60 million to $70 million windfall it expects from the $1.7 billion US asset sale.
Deutsche Bank equity analyst Ian Randall concluded the Fir Tree deal "increases the likelihood" that Charter Hall Group will remain as the trust's manager.
In a research note he calculated the fund can finance "incremental Charter Hall Office REIT units up to an ownership range of 16.3 per cent to 17.2 per cent" and added the group "maintains sufficient debt capacity to further lift its stake [in the trust] to 19.9 per cent."
According to senior sources, Charter Hall Group would have to spend an additional $70 million on top of the $38 million committed yesterday to reach the maximum investor threshold of 20 per cent.
At that level, many in the market argue the hedge funds will have to concede defeat.
Charter Hall Office REIT closed down 3¢ to $3.65 yesterday.
The Australian Financial Review


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Pavan Deolasee <pavan(dot)deolasee(at)gmail(dot)com> wrote: > The numbers are not that bad, but definitely not as good as we saw > on some other platforms. Well, this machine is definitely designed to hold up under high concurrency. As I understand it, each core is the memory manager for two 4GB DIMMs, with two channels to them, each with two buffers. The way the cores are connected, a core never needs to go through more than one other core to get to memory not directly managed, and that uses "snoop" technology which hands the cached data right over from one core to the other when possible, rather than making the core which now owns the cache line pull it from RAM. It seems the 2.6.32 kernel is able to manage that technology in a reasonable fashion. At first I was surprised to see performance top out on the update tests between 80 and 96 clients. But then, that lands almost exactly where my old reliable ((2 * core count) + effective spindle count) would predict. The SELECT only tests peaked at 64 clients, but those were fully cached, so effective spindle count was zero, again fitting the formula. So these optimizations seem to me to break down the barriers which had previously capped the number of clients which could be handled, letting them peak at their "natural" levels. > But its possible that they may improve in percentage terms with > even more number of clients on this box. I think so; I think this box is just so scalable that at 128 clients we were just barely getting past the "knee" in the performance graphs to where these patches help most. -Kevin
Next: From: Peter Eisentraut Date: 2011-11-22 19:22:15 Subject: Re: vpath builds and verbose error messages Previous: From: Pavan Deolasee Date: 2011-11-22 18:04:48 Subject: Re: testing ProcArrayLock patches


text:
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Ken Montgomery entered the week with already 30 offers to choose from, but continues to make a splash in the headlines with Mississippi stepping up with an offer on Wednesday.
Montgomery, a rangy 2018 cornerback out of Tampa (Fla.) Hillsborough, is not ready to trim down his lengthy list of suitors, but says Alabama, Ohio State, Penn State, UCLA and Arkansas are recruiting him the hardest at this time.
"(Wide receivers) coach (Jacob) Peeler pretty much told me how they are very interested in me, and how they need talented DBs with ball skills like myself," Montgomery said.
"The defensive coach loved my film. They just wanted to make sure they get me on board because they said they are coming after me."
The South's 22nd-ranked cornerback plans to make full use of his offseason with a flurry of visits scheduled to take place, including one to North Carolina for June 18-22.
"(Tight ends) coach (Chad) Scott is a really special guy to me, and every time we talk he sounds like a father figure to me," Montgomery said. "I like how hard coach Scott recruits me. He makes me feel good about coming in and making a difference.
"He just told me that I can make a huge difference and an early impact because they don't have an athlete like me on the defensive side."
Montgomery lists Penn State, Ohio State and Mississippi as additional visit destinations for over the summertime.
Stay tuned to Scout for the latest developments in Montgomery's recruitment.


text:
Chevrolet Repair Questions? Ask a Chevy Mechanic for Answers ASAP
thank you, XXXXX XXXXX assuming that this would also explain why I smelled anti-freeze with no visible sign of leaking in the past, could it possibly be a head gasket as well? or are there any other potential leaking points in this area
thanks again. looks like i need to tear it down today
happy new year
Yes you would get a smell for sure, as for it being a head gasket yes it could be but a leak there is not a common problem.


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The San Francisco Chronicle joins the bandwagon of liberal newspapers that have addressed the "achievement gap" -- the difference between majority [white] student academic achievement and that of minority [black/Latino] pupils. Right from the headline of "Children of Color Being Left Behind," readers are clearly left with the impression that there has been some purposeful scheme to "shortchange" minority students.
A frustrating and persistent achievement gap between black and Latino students and their white and Asian American peers shows no sign of abating in the latest state test results for nearly 5 million students across California.
Overall, students of all backgrounds made minimal progress in English during the past year and no progress in math.
State schools chief Jack O'Connell said he was not surprised by the leveling off of improvement across the state, noting similar trends across the country that have followed growth spurts, as California had.
But it was the difference in achievement among ethnic groups that O'Connell said was most evident - and most disturbing - about the new test results.
One may wonder (rightly) just why Asians are not considered "children of color." This is a bewildering trend among the media. Is it because Asians cannot somehow readily be labeled as "victims"?
The disparity raises serious questions about who might be failing these students of color and what can be done about it.
"For decades, our education system has provided kids of color less of everything that research says makes a difference in public education - even to middle-income kids of color," said Russlynn Ali, executive director of Education Trust West, an Oakland think tank. "Whose fault is that? Everyone who makes up the system."
I wonder why the article's author, Nanette Asimov, did not ask Ms. Ali just what it is that the research says minority students (excuding Asians, of course) get less of. And, when it comes to who precisely is failing students of color, it is "everyone who makes up the system." Nary a mention of parents and family.
In the past, another northwestern paper, the Seattle Post-Intelligencer, has left unchallenged controversial assertions regarding race and schooling. Writer Rebekah Denn once wrote that [racial] disparities in Seattle schools' discipline rates were "puzzling" and "unpleasant." Asserting that teachers', administrators' and parents' views on the matter are "inadequate," Denn goes on to note how black students get singled out for "acting black." If you're pondering just what "acting black" means, take a look:
"We, as a people, are loud," said Jacob Ellis, an African American counselor at Nathan Hale High School, who mentors a group of African American students.
African American students often speak to adults more as equals than as authority figures, because that's the way many speak with their families.
African American students are frequently more out-front with their emotions.
Many African American students bring particular styles of learning, speaking and behaving with them from home -- and schools are quick to punish those styles.
Some staff and students also say "play-fighting" leads to many disciplinary actions. And a number of school officials said these mock battles are more prevalent among African American boys and too often are misread as being real.
It is difficult to imagine how these generalizations are somehow any less noxious than the historical negative stereotypes of blacks. But this is the Seattle public schools -- the same district that once posted a rather unique definition of racism on its website. This included a head-scratching summary of "Cultural Racism":
Those aspects of society that overtly and covertly attribute value and normality to white people and Whiteness, and devalue, stereotype, and label people of color as "other", different, less than, or render them invisible. Examples of these norms include defining white skin tones as nude or flesh colored, having a future time orientation, emphasizing individualism as opposed to a more collective ideology, defining one form of English as standard, and identifying only Whites as great writers or composers.
This whole imbroglio got so ridiculous that it prompted one PI columnist to speak out. Largely as a result, the Seattle District "modified" its definitions.


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Small heads, safe ears: The best headphones for kids
These days, kids need headphones, too. We looked at a slew of cans designed to fit your child's head while protecting their hearing.
Four's not a crowd for the Anker Quad-Port Wall Charger
Not only can this sturdy, compact power adapter handles up to four devices at a time, it also charges iOS and Android devices at full speed, making it a great choice for multi-device households.
Eight OS X Yosemite features we wish we could use right now
Apple preview of OS X Yosemite gave us a taste of what to expect when the new OS is released this fall. Some of the new features have us wishing we didn't have to wait.
Gear We Love: V-moda's XS portable headphone gets everything right
If you're looking for a great headphone--great sound, great looks, and great fit--the XS is tough to beat among on-ear models. That's why it earns a coveted spot among the Gear We Love.
Gear We Love: IK Multimedia's iLoud is a Bluetooth speaker even a musician can love
This week's Gear We Love features IK Multimedia's versatile iLoud speaker, which should appeal to both audio buffs and on-the-go musicians.
Buying Guide: Find the best speakers
Looking for a new set of speakers for your computer, smartphone, tablet, or media player? The options can be overwhelming. Here's our annual guide for picking the right speaker system.
Buying Guide: Find the best headphones
If you're looking to get more audio enjoyment from from your smartphone, tablet, media player, or computer, new headphones will do wonders. To help you find the perfect set of headphones, our annual buying guide covers what to look (and listen) for, descriptions of the different types, and recommendations for standout models.
How to use a Bluetooth keyboard with the Apple TV
The Apple TV's included remote is easy to use but limiting, while Apple's Remote app for iOS requires that you have an expensive iOS device on hand and available. Ultimately a Bluetooth keyboard, even an inexpensive third-party model, may be the best Apple TV remote of all.
How to get started with AirPlay
Apple's AirPlay technology lets you stream audio and video from a Mac or iOS device to AirPlay-enabled output devices. If you aren't using it yet, you should be. Here's how.
Logitech announces new Harmony remotes and Hub controller
Accessory vendor Logitech announced on Tuesday that the company is expanding its Harmony line of universal remote controls with a new flagship model, a new low-end model, and a multi-function hub that extends the capabilities of both.
Review: iPod nano (7th generation) combines the best of its predecessors
With the seventh generation of the iPod nano, Apple has taken the best of the previous two generations and combined them into an iOS-inspired player that for many people will be the best nano yet.
Samson XP40iw combines a speaker dock and a PA system
Samson's Expedition XP40iw it is is a versatile system that combines a rugged iPhone/iPod speaker system, a wireless PA system, and a basic mixing board with multiple inputs, and you can tote it just about anywhere. Its sound quality isn't stellar, but we haven't seen anything else like it.


text:
In her report she tells us that she's still able to be very active like other children.
"I was 18 months old when I was diagnosed with diabetes - so I've never really known what it would be like not to have it.
When I was younger, I even used to wonder why no other kids injected themselves.
I have to inject myself twice a day with insulin - once in the morning before breakfast and once in the evening before dinner.
No needles
For me this has been better than having a needle injection.
I hardly feel anything when it's happening, just a slight sensation.
Good friends
Sometimes I have off-days when I wonder why it's me that has diabetes.
But I have lots of good friends and I'm able to talk about it with them.
Very active
People think with diabetes you're not able to do lots of things.
But this is not true. I'm very active.
I love dancing, skating, horse riding. I study at a school of arts where I get to sing and appear in shows.
I've also been on national radio talking about diabetes, I think it's a good thing to tell people that it's not so bad having diabetes."
Hannah-Marie, 12, Essex
Why don't you write us a Press Pack report - and get it published on the site?!
It can be about anything that's happened in your local area - or your views on the news.


text:
We moved around quite a bit when I was little — Maine and Rhode Island and Florida and Massachusetts, all by the time I was 8 years old.
I had a long stretch in one place from age 8 to 15, before we moved from one town to another, about 40 minutes away. That one was difficult on me, and I made it difficult on my parents. I had to change schools during my sophomore year of high school, and it was a tough transition.
From there, I went to college, then to a new home in the same city, then to Florida. And here I've been for eight years this June (crazy!).
There have been pros and cons to all of this moving around, but I've picked up one skill that I think helps me both personally and professionally — the ability to make friends quickly.
I don't mind going into rooms where I don't know anybody, or speaking in front of crowds. I've had small circles of close friends and wide circles of sort-of friends in every city.
And I think that's why I so treasure both new friends and old.
With new friends, I have a blank slate. They don't know how goofy I was as a kid, or the silly stuff I did in college. They know me as I am now, and make their judgements based on what they learn. I love that. These are the people that know my current hopes and dreams, that recognize the woman I've become, and that I call with problems or challenges.
With old friends, I have history. They know my journey, and what led me to become the woman I am today. They share some of the most treasured memories, of campfire songs and middle school crushes; of spring break debauchery and final exam triumphs.
It might surprise some people to know that while I'm outgoing, boisterous and good in crowds, I prefer one-on-one time in a quiet setting. Facebook and email are the best tools for me, because I can see that my friend's son is cutting his first tooth and my other friend just got promoted, and I don't have to be part of big reunions to get the information.
I've been reflecting recently on how lucky I am to have people that will pick up the phone even after months of silence, and to have people who live down the street that will invite me in just for coffee and chitchat.
And I'm lucky, so lucky, for all of you…I consider you all friends, and I'm so thankful that you're around.


text:
Obviously, it's way too early to make any definitive statements about how well Oliver has done at predicting player performances, but a month into the season seems like enough time to get an idea.
Among the highlights have been pitchers such as Colby Lewis (currently the 24th-best pitcher using the Tom Tango system) and Ian Kennedy (who's 46th, at least prior to Sunday's game). Oliver's best calls on the offensive side were Alex Rios (currently 23rd using the same formula), Nelson Cruz (who's ranked No. 32 despite missing more than a dozen games with an injury) and Franklin Gutierrez (who's quietly having a pretty decent season and ranks No. 53).
Of course, it hasn't all been peaches and cream with Oliver projections. Among the more disappointing performers have been Ben Zobrist (coming in at No. 106 and still homerless), Curtis Granderson (who's batting just .225 with his new team), Jake Peavy (his last start was helpful, but he's still ranked No. 69) and Max Scherzer (a complete disaster his last three outings and is ranked No. 101 out of the 116 pitchers who currently qualify for the ERA title).
What I love about Oliver, though, is that it's constantly evolving. So a player's current performance factors into what it projects for the rest of the season. Basically, it inputs the player's latest stats and runs it through the same formula it used at the beginning of the season.
This can mean different things for different players. For someone like Rick Porcello, whose 7.50 ERA and 1.87 WHIP are weighted against just one full season worth of major league work and relatively little minor league data, it means that Oliver's projections aren't nearly as rosy as they were to start the season. For a player like Zobrist, and his more impressive past major league performances, Oliver projects a strong finish.
I've selected 10 players to highlight, both guys who have performed up to snuff and guys who have flailed. Since we're mostly concerned about moving forward, though, I'll focus on how Oliver projects their numbers for the rest of the season.
Starting strong, getting stronger
Nelson Cruz: Oliver projected that the Rangers outfielder would be among the top 40 offensive players. Despite an injury that has limited him to 74 plate appearances, his hot start still puts him in that kind of neighborhood. More importantly, Oliver sees an equally strong finish with projections of 34 more homers, 92 more RBIs and 17 more steals that would make him a top 10 offensive player the rest of the way. He's supposedly nearing his return, so this could be the last time you can grab him.
Colby Lewis: If you've been reading this column, you know that Oliver kind of has a thing for the Rangers starting pitcher. If you were smart enough to take that advice early, you've been reasonably rewarded. Lewis has already turned in one gem (nine IP, zero runs, 10 Ks, four baserunners) and struck out at least 10 on three separate occasions. As tempting as it may be to sell high, Oliver projects that to be a mistake. It actually projects even better numbers to close out the season, with a 3.00 ERA, 1.07 WHIP and a better than 5:1 K:BB ratio (all improvements over what he's doing now).
Slow starters, strong finishers
Ben Zobrist: One of the real breakout stars of last year has gotten off to a slow start. He's hitting just .265 (which is actually about where Oliver projected him), but he's still homerless, has just 13 RBIs and has already struck out 24 times. Still, Oliver foresees a brighter future. Oliver projects 23 homers, 79 RBIs, 84 runs and a .283 batting average the rest of the way. Using the Tango ranking system, that would put him among the top 25 offensive players.
Max Scherzer: I own him in two leagues, so I know how frustrating the Tigers starting pitcher has been this year. After a third straight disappointing start, I know how tempting it is to cut and run. Oliver is pleading for patience, though. It projects a respectable 3.87 ERA, a tempting 172 strikeouts and a reasonable 1.27 WHIP the rest of the way.
Jake Peavy: You can take whatever I said about Scherzer and let it go doubly for Peavy. At least with Scherzer, you probably didn't have to waste a particularly high pick (ADP of 158). With Peavy, though, it was probably several rounds earlier (ADP 104) and therefore that much more painful. Oliver foresees a strong finish here as well, although not quite as strong as Scherzer's (3.86 ERA, 146 Ks and 1.30 WHIP).
Reasonable expectations
Adam Dunn: Always a polarizing player, the Nationals first baseman is showcasing those exact qualities early in the season. Although he's got six homers, he's barely hitting .230 and has already struck out 32 times. Oliver isn't exactly predicting great things the rest of the way, but it does seem to think he'll perform at a level we've come to expect: 33 more homers, 91 more RBIs and an OPS of .939.
Rajai Davis: Your view of the A's outfielder's start is probably colored by where you drafted him. If you were lucky enough to grab him late, you're probably fine overlooking that .236 batting average and nonexistant power. The only reason you should have drafted him anyway is steals and runs, and so far he's producing just fine in those areas with 12 steals and 16 runs. As long as you maintain the proper perspective, Oliver projects similar levels of satisfaction with 40 more steals and 63 more runs to go along with a .274 batting average.
Clay Buchholz: The Red Sox starter is another player on whom your opinion is probably based on expectation. If you've been drafting him year after year expecting him to flash the dominance he showed with that no-hitter he threw as a rookie, you're probably disappointed. If you grabbed him late, merely hoping to have a solid pitcher who plays in front of a very capable defense that will also help him pick up some wins, you're probably just fine with his 3.82 ERA, three wins and 25 strikeouts. If you maintain those expectations, Oliver thinks you'll continue to be satisfied. Oliver projects a 3.84 ERA, 1.34 WHIP, an 8-6 record and 112 Ks, which would make him a top-70 pitcher the rest of the way.
Sell-high candidates
Alex Rios: A year after he was bad enough to be released by his team, Oliver saw some promise in the White Sox outfielder. Oliver considered him a top-70 offensive player. So far, he's exceeded that expectation comfortably with a ranking in the top 25. There's bound to be some regression, but Oliver still sees a a finish in top 75 offensive players and a perfectly respectable 13 homers, 22 steals and .273 batting average. Still, I'd say deal him if you have the chance.
Ian Kennedy: The Diamondbacks starter has been solid this season. You'd be excused for thinking that automatically means Oliver's projections would have him trending up. I don't pretend to fully understand Oliver's inner workings, I mainly just try to report on its findings. So, I'm not quite sure what to make of this Rest of Season projection: 4.21 ERA, 1.35 WHIP, 7-6 record and 105 Ks. Those aren't horrible numbers, but they aren't really what I would have expected, either. Oh well, sometimes you just have to go with your gut.


text:
Notice: On April 23, 2014, Statalist moved from an email list to a forum, based at statalist.org.
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Re: st: Problem with xi (Stata 11)
Roger Newson <firstname.lastname@example.com>
"email@example.com" <email@example.com>
Re: st: Problem with xi (Stata 11)
Wed, 2 Jun 2010 14:00:59 +0100
I don't know what exactly is going on in your case. However, I do know that Stata 11 users are encouraged officially to use factor variables instead of -xi-, although -xi- should still work (and has done so for me so far).
Best wishes
Roger B Newson BSc MSc DPhil
Lecturer in Medical Statistics
Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health Group
National Heart and Lung Institute
Imperial College London
Royal Brompton Campus
Room 33, Emmanuel Kaye Building
1B Manresa Road
London SW3 6LR
Tel: +44 (0)20 7352 8121 ext 3381
Fax: +44 (0)20 7351 8322
Email: email@example.com
Web page: http://www.imperial.ac.uk/nhli/r.newson/
Departmental Web page:
Opinions expressed are those of the author, not of the institution.
On 02/06/2010 13:47, Walter Garcia-Fontes wrote:
I have a problem with the "xi" command in Stata 11 (completely updated
as of today). I tried to create a dataset as simple as possible to
reproduce the problem, which can be accessed from my server. In the
dataset there is a single variable called COUNTRY with numeric codes
for each country and labels identifying the country.
There are 12 different values for COUNTRY (12 different countries) and
79155 observations with a variable number of observations for each country.
To reproduce:
webuse set http://puna.upf.edu
webuse data/data.dta
xi i.COUNTRY
Stata creates variables _ICOUNTRY_n as it should, where n are the
different codes for the 12 countries, omitting the country with the
smallest code.
The problem is that some of the values of _ICOUNTRY are 0 when they
shouldn't be, for instance I have cases where _ICOUNTRY_56 = 0 but
COUNTRY = 56. This happens randomly for a few cases and I've looked at
it from all angles but couldn't figure out what is going on.
If I reduce the number of variables or the number of observations the
problem disappears at some point, can't tell exactly when, so I'm
providing the smallest example I could build.
* For searches and help try:
* http://www.stata.com/help.cgi?search
* http://www.stata.com/support/statalist/faq
* http://www.ats.ucla.edu/stat/stata/


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Gel Doodle
This isn't your grandma's gelatin dessert, and you won't get in trouble for poking, stretching, or bouncing it off the walls. Jelly Doodle lets you create your own gelatin desserts. You choose the shape and the colors. Add apples, bananas, pretzels, or any of the other sixty six add-ins. When you're done, de-mold your creation and bounce it around for a while. You can even adjust the gravity to affect the way it bounces. Send pictures to your friends or save them to your photo album. When you're done playing, don't forget to slurp it all up with the straw!HINTS:** For different colored layers, move the red, green, or blue sliders while pouring the Jelly. You can have as many different colored layers as you want.** The mold does not need to be completely full to demold. You can make half a bear.** The mold must be half full before the demold button appears.** Tilt your iPhone or iPad left or right to pour80 Molds:* Dog* Bee* Starfish* Turtle* Octopus* Spider* Snake* Dragonfly* Dolphin* Whale* Gecko* Strawberry* Grapes* Donut* Pretzel* Mushroom* Pineapple* Cupcake* Ice Cream* Soda Bottle* Kangaroo* Knight Chess Piece* Fish* Diamond* Heart* Clover* Butterfly* Bear* Mr. Jiggle* Cat* Star* Monkey* Owl* Frog* Penguin* Apple* Hourglass* Rectangle* Oval* Pyramid* Musical Note* Spaceship* Lightning Bolt* Raindrop* Moon* Lightbulb* Flower* Peace Sign* Shooting Star* Liberty Bell* Seashell* Palm Tree* 6 Valentines * 6 Halloween* 5 Christmas* 5 EasterWhipped Cream:* Vanilla* Strawberry* Lemon* Blueberry* Lime* Chocolate66 Doodads:* Photo (Add sections of your photos to the Gel)* Apple* Pear * Cherry * Carambola (starfruit)* Blueberry * Banana * Red Grape* Green Grape * Pineapple * Orange * Lime * Lemon * Watermelon * Strawberry * Kiwi* Apricot* Cantaloupe * Guava * Mango * Mandarin Orange * Papaya * Pomegranate * Raspberry* Dried Apricot * Raisin * Golden Raisin* Almond * Brazil Nut * Hazelnut * Macadamia Nut * Peanut * Pecan * Gummy Worm * Gummy Frog * Gummy Bear * Marshmallow * Candy Corn * Gummy Fish * Gummy Ring* Pretzel * Cookie* Star* Shoe* Phone* Nut* Bolt* Flower* Rock* Pine Cone* Leaf* Marble* Gold Coin* Key* Postage Stamp* Shell* Lock* Pinball Target* Clock* Starfish* Soccer Ball* Football* GyroscopeFeatures:* Use any photo from your photo album as a background* Add photos to the Gelatin* Create your own Molds* Mix your own colors* Pinch or stretch your creation* Shake and tilt to bounce* Gelatin can be solid or layered with different colors* Adjustable gravity changes the way your creation bounces* Slurp up with the straw* Pump up until it explodes* E-mail or save pictures before or during slurpingSUPPORT: For any technical issues, please visit www.shoethegoose.com/Support.aspx. We will respond as quickly as possible. Thank you!


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Fortress Paper CEO mulls potential merger with Tembec to form Canadian dissolving pulp powerhouse, companies not in discussions [From the web]
MONTREAL, QUEBEC, CANADA, November 20, 2012-
Fortress Paper has much work to do to calm the fears of nervous investors but the company's CEO envisages becoming one of the world's leading dissolving pulp producers by eventually merging with Canadian rival Tembec.
"In a perfect world I could see the Tembec, Fortress dissolving pulp entity being very interesting," Chad Wasilenkoff said during an interview as part of a tour with shareholders, analysts and the media.
Nonwovens Markets subscribers - click here to read the full article.
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On 10/2/06, Aleksandar Jovanovic <jjoksa at gmail dot com> wrote:
> I have been read everything about this problem on this "forum".
> My network config:
> Internet -- Access Point -- m0n0 -- Sweex switch -- Ftp server (GuildFTPd FTP)
> I can log in but not list folders ?
In other words, you can log in but you can't transfer data.
You probably need to do what has been said here before - set the FTP
server up with a specific range of ports for passive transfers, then
allow those specific ports incoming on your m0n0.
-{ Kimmo Jaskari }--{ kimmo dot jaskari at gmail dot com }--
Progress isn't made by early risers. It's made by lazy men trying to
find easier ways to do something.
- Robert Heinlein


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Registered User
Last Activity: 01-23-2012 08:48 AM
About Me
- About Strife
- Biography
- New to the BMW world! Have owned everything from muscle cars to rotaries, ride a gsx/r suzuki when I get time and have ABSOLUTELY fallen in love with the BMW! By far the BEST car I have EVER owned!
- Location
- Australia
- My Ride
- 03' M SPORT Coupe
- Interests
- Motorsports, fishing, Urban arts, tattoo art, Im an avid non fiction reader also but seems I havent had the time of late
- Occupation
- Sales Rep
|Member Profile
|Recent Ratings


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Mickey Arthur continues to keep the faith in under-pressure spinner Nathan Lyon, the loss of allrounder Shane Watson still leaving the Australia coach uninterested in plumping for a four-prong pace attack at the Gabba.
Watson's value as a fourth seamer has allowed Australia to pick Lyon for all conditions since he made his Test debut 15 months ago.
But the star allrounder's injury-enforced absence isn't jeopardising the off-spinner's position against world No.1-ranked South Africa.
Victorian left-hander Rob Quiney will become the country's 429th Test player as a No.3 batting replacement for the injured Watson (calf) but otherwise the balance of the side is set to remain the same with three front-line quicks.
Arthur and captain Michael Clarke met with Gabba curator Kevin Mitchell jnr on Monday and the coach noted the good nature of the wicket increased the strong likelihood Lyon would play.
The South Australian has endured an unconvincing start to the domestic season with just six wickets in four matches at an unflattering average of 68, but Arthur pointed to his Test record.
"Nathan is going okay - any guy who averages 24 over 13 Test matches can bowl," the coach said. "We've never doubted Nathan's ability.
"We're hoping that when he comes into this environment he gets the lift that he needs because we're backing Nathan Lyon at the moment.
"Certainly Michael, myself and the selection panel believe Nathan Lyon is our best spinner and Nathan Lyon will be our best spinner for a long period of time.
"We want to give him that confidence and back him in."
While Watson was Australia's most experienced bowler in Brisbane, Lyon has enjoyed fine success at the Gabba with nine first-class wickets at 24.
Arthur gave little away about a prospective 12th man but indicated Peter Siddle, James Pattinson, Ben Hilfenhaus and left-armer Mitchell Starc were fighting a battle for the three pace berths.
Australia's medics ruled Watson out after a morning assessment on the left calf he strained while bowling for NSW against Queensland on Saturday.
It's the same injury which sidelined him twice before in the previous 12 months but Arthur denied they had thought about safeguarding the 31-year-old by turning him into a specialist batsman.
As damaging as the blow is, the Australians remain highly confident they can cover his loss like the 2011-12 season when they whitewashed India.
"In an ideal world you would love to have Shane Watson batting three and bowling for you, that's a reality," Arthur said.
"The fact is we won 4-0 against India last year without Shane - so we are comfortable we have the players and we have the cover.
"We're very upbeat."
The former South Africa coach even felt 30-year-old Quiney's sudden promotion - becoming the third left-hander in the top-three behind David Warner and Ed Cowan - could give the hosts an advantage in combating the Proteas' fast, swinging spearhead Dale Steyn.
"There's no secret Dale hasn't bowled well to left-handers," Arthur said before correcting himself. "Let me rephrase that: he bowls a lot better to right handers than left handers.
"He's a phenomenal bowler but (Quiney) gives us another left-hander in our top-order."
Ricky Ponting is well on track to get the all clear to bat at No.4 after overcoming hamstring soreness and needs 106 runs for another milestone in his 165-Test career.
Ponting, who averaged 52.5 against the Proteas, is poised to pass Englishman Denis Compton's record of 2,205 runs by a batsman against South Africa.


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Fox Chapel Area residents can provide input about superintendent qualifications
As a nationwide search gets under way for a new leader of the Fox Chapel Area School District, the community is asked to weigh in on potential candidates.
Residents can attend one of six sessions that kick off Sept. 10 and focus on challenges and needs of the district.
Current Superintendent Anne Stephens announced her retirement earlier this summer after leading the district since 2006. Her decision to leave was made public at the same time that some residents raised questions about her academic qualifications, noting that she holds a doctorate from the defunct online school LaSalle University.
Stephens said the timing was coincidental. She had long been in talks with the board about retiring on Jan. 1, 2014, six months earlier than her contract expires, Stephens said.
At the crux of the issue for some angry residents was whether Stephens' $190,000 salary was justified since state regulators shut down her alma mater in 2001 after questioning whether it was a diploma mill.
School Board President Joel Weinstein pointed out that the state does not require superintendents to hold a doctorate.
There is a district policy that requires it but Stephens argued at the time the district doesn't stipulate the degree come from an accredited school.
Weinstein said previously that he would prefer a candidate from an accredited university but would vote for an applicant without one if they seemed right for the position.
He said he will seek a leader with similar qualities to those of Stephens, adding that she did a great job.
Details of Stephens retirement package will not be available until later this year, said Bonnie Berzonski, district coordinator of communications.
Board members were sought this week for comment on what credentials they might look for in a new superintendent. None returned calls and instead, Berzonski issued a statement on behalf of the board.
"As part of the national search to find the next superintendent, the Board of School Directors has asked the Pennsylvania School Boards Association to reach out to as many stakeholders as possible to gain input as to what qualities they feel will be needed to make certain the Fox Chapel Area School District continues to excel as a premier district in Western Pennsylvania, the commonwealth, and the nation," she said.
The school board contracted the PSBA for search costs of up to $25,000.
Consultant Tom Templeton will lead next week's meetings, which are expected to last about two hours.
Focus group sessions will be hosted Sept. 10 at 9 a.m. at O'Hara Elementary, 1 p.m. at Kerr Elementary and 7 p.m. at the high school. A second round will be held Sept. 11 at 9 a.m. at Fairview Elementary, 1 p.m. at Hartwood Elementary and 7 p.m. at Dorseyville Middle School.
Tawnya Panizzi is a staff writer for Trib Total Media. She can be reached at 412-782-2121, ext. 2 or firstname.lastname@example.com.


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Like innumerable people around the globe wishing to bring about a change in their everyday lives, by altering the way they look, you too surely nurture a desire to do the same. But, to get there, would you be willing to go to any lengths, sometimes beyond your financial and physical capacities? I wouldn't. Why? You will know in some time. Granted that there are many ways to go about getting the look you want, most of them involve painful surgical procedures and exorbitant pricing. Even after all that investment, the results that they witness often fall far below their expectations. It seems like a complete waste of time and money. Even then, the desire to look good, have unblemished skin and wear a flawless complexion are too compelling to allow one to ignore or forget about it.
What Is The Alternative?
Discard the herd mentality, and accept solutions that take take the entire game to the next level. Bring Jivam Skin Care into your life. One of its kind. Its results speak for themselves. You may choose an ordinary product, or you may choose to accept an outstanding product with unlimited and amazing benefits. Years of pollution, dust, heat and other factors naturally associated with aging have all combined to give you that dull and wearied appearance. You have the look of a tired traveler all the time. Eye bags and dark circles make you look disheveled. Dark spots spread over your face significantly damages your good looks. Your skin appears to be rough and scratchy, the result of all those years of ignoring it. You carry your saggy skin along with your embarrassment wherever you go. No more. You simply deserve better. You are too precious to be wasting away your time in despair and futile wait. The wait ends here. Jivam Skin Care promises to take care of all your worries.
The Sensational Product
Jivam Skin Care has brought about a big sensation in the beauty industry. This product has been shown to produce simply unthinkable results. Changes that have been experienced by the users of this product are too stunning to be described in words. But, the biggest benefit accruing from using this product is that while the results are remarkable, there is no involvement of any sort of injections or other uncomfortable procedures. It's simple and most of all, comforting to use. What is more, using this simply incredible product causes no kind of side effects or other harmful consequences in the short or long run. Countless people have benefited from the usage of this product. What makes it so effective is that all the ingredients contained in this product, have been carefully selected, tried and tested by scientists. Indeed, this amazing product is the outcome of brilliant scientific minds with naturally miraculous ingredients to be found in nature. Want a moisturized, healthy, and hydrated skin for all time? Try Jivam Skin Care. Use it once, love it forever!
Why Choose Jivam Skin Care?
I had a comparably fair, supple and smooth skin well into my teens. But, as the years passed by, I witnessed significant changes as far as my skin tone and texture were concerned, but in a disappointing way. I developed dark circles around my eyes, leaving me with an unflattering appearance. Discoloration of my skin, and the dark spots that associated it left me feeling very frustrated. A pleasing appearance had given way to a disheveled and wearing one. I had saggy eye bags, suggesting that I had gone without sleep for days on end. Fortunately, I one day happened to come across this product. I was curious enough to know if it would have the desired effect on my skin. I was impatient to experience its changes. I must say with forceful conviction that its results left me speechless. My skin texture and overall appearance left me very satisfied. I was internally at peace with myself and thankful for the moment when I decided to use this marvelous product.
How Does It Work?
All the results that this product promises to deliver have been clinically tested and verified. Scientific experiments prove beyond doubt the authenticity and effectiveness of this product. Jivam Skin Care promises to reverse the aging process within the human body, by stopping you from looking older and regaining and retaining that youthful and radiant look. Impossible, right! Wrong. With this outstanding product, nothing seems impossible. This is because while most other products, and even painful procedures work to alter the look of the skin externally, this stunning product works from within your body. What this means is that the effects arising from the usage of this product are for a lifetime. This product nourishes the skin from within and causes the complete reduction of deep and stubborn wrinkles. Another praiseworthy quality to be found in this product is the immunity that it provides to the skin from all forms of external pollution, and even emotional stress which causes the skin to grow deep lines, discoloration and a wearied look. This wonderful formula seeks to substantially decrease wrinkle size, lift the skin and eliminate that saggy look which adds years to your age, leaving you looking much older beyond your age. Your skin may have developed a dark complexion after being out in the sun and being constantly exposed to the harmful rays emitted by the sun. But, there is no reason to despair. The precious antioxidants and essential vitamins contained in this product significantly smoothen the appearance of your skin and give to it a bright and fair look. Just sit back and enjoy the compliments that are thrown at you.
Backed By Scientific Results
Several studies and tests have been carried out to test the efficiency and authenticity of this product. The ingredients contained in this product produced some dramatic results. When Jivam Skin Care was tested for eight weeks with twice a day application on several hundred women, the results were known to have profound effects. All of those women were reported to experience dramatic anti aging results with astonishing effects on their skin. They had better moisture, their skin increased its hydration retaining capacity, saving it from constant dryness and there was a dramatic decrease in the occurrence of dark circles. Jivam Skin Care takes away years from your skin literally, and leaves you feeling many years younger. Your skin regains its suppleness and that much desired youthful appearance.
Even Celebs Feel Its Magic
Many celebrities are known to have benefited from this breathtaking formula, or at least as far as the ingredients contained in them are concerned. The much coveted look which many of the celebrities possess seems to be an outcome of using some of the ingredients found in this product. The magical ingredients found in this product have been known to give them that exquisite look. Wow! Its popularity is really far reaching. It's really a sensational product.
The magical properties contained in this product through its ingredients give to it its incredible properties. Ceramides are one of the special ingredients contained in this product. This substance is particularly beneficial for reversing the effects of premature aging. This special ingredient causes the skin to look much younger, smoothening the wrinkles and also giving to the skin that soft and supple appearance.
Argiriline is another ingredient which seeks to stop the appearance of wrinkles and the formation of deep lines on the face. Thereby, your skin regains its youthful appearance and radiance.
The presence of vital antioxidants and vitamins present in the product does the job of brightening the appearance of your skin and reducing its dark and shallow complexion. Now get that fair and bright look which would make people like you.
The unique ingredient to be found in this product is the presence of immune boosters. They substantially increase the immunity levels of the skin, which means that the skin is automatically protected from all forms of external pollution, dirt and other factors which serve to discolor and wear away the skin.
Countless people have experienced for themselves the changes that arise from using this product. Jivam Skin Care has brought a tremendous transformation in the lives of countless individuals. Let us look at some testimonials to get you more convinced.
Elizabeth Thompson- Being 43 years old, this product has produced results which were unheard of before. This product has entirely changed my life. Such terrific results were unexpected.
Jane Stevens- It shows results in a short period of time. I am convinced. It works! It has removed years from my skin.
Diminishes wrinkles and repairs your skin cells internally.
Reduces the sagging of the skin, and tightens it to give it a youthful appearance.
Brightens and enhances the skin's appearance. Improves the texture of the skin and gives it a smooth appearance.
Improves the immunity of the skin from all forms of external pollution.
The special ingredients found in the product eliminate those factors that make the skin look discolored, dull and pale.
Helps the skin maintain suppleness and removes the dryness form the skin by hydrating and moisturizing it.
Minors should avoid this product.
The product has not been evaluated and testified by the FDA.
Is It Safe?
Well, isn't it obvious? Countless people rushing to get a hold of the product and testifying to its tremendous benefits without any kind of harmful side effects in the long run speaks volumes about its safety and authenticity. All the ingredients that are found in this product are perfectly natural, absolutely safe and derived from nature. None of the ingredients that are to be found in this product contain any spurious elements or harmful substances. All the products have been clinically tested and scientifically approved. So, just drop all suspicions and hesitations which you nurture regarding this product. Jivam Skin Care awaits you. Make it yours and experience life long benefits.
Buy It or Lose It
Jivam Skin Care is unique in its qualities and the benefits that it confers. It seeks to rejuvenate the skin not just externally, but ensures that the immunity of the skin is strengthened against all kinds of external impurities. It internally seeks to strengthen the ability of the skin cells to fight all kinds of impurities. It truly is one of its kind when it comes to skin rejuvenation and skin replenishment. Do you need more convincing regarding the incredible changes that this product is capable of bringing. Why wait any longer and delay the transformation process which seeks to bring about the best in you?
Please delay in purchasing the product at your own risk. Due to the sensational demand that this product has created in the market, the supply of Jivam Skin Care is extremely limited. Hurry before you lose this golden opportunity of bringing about a change and regaining your youth.
How To Order?
You can order Jivam Skin Care by visiting the website, fill out the form, and specify your address and payment details. Click on the icon "rush my trial" and get yourself a chance of bringing about a lifetime change. You lose while you delay.


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After a rainy weekend, most Utahns should experience some relief Monday.
A flash flood watch, however, remained through the evening for the southeastern third of the state, including Zion National Park and Arches.
But for most people along the Wasatch Front, the day was expected to be pleasant — plenty of sunshine with temperatures topping out in the low 80s.
Salt Lake City's high temperature on Monday and Tuesday is pegged at 80 degrees; Ogden expected 81 Monday and 82 degrees Tuesday; Provo 82 and 80, respectively; Logan 81 and 80; Wendover 79 and 80; Duchesne 71 and 68; Cedar City 75 and 74; St. George 89 and 88; and Moab 77 both days.