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Sea-Level Rise from the Late 19th to the Early 21st Century
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We estimate the rise in global average sea level from satellite altimeter data for 1993–2009 and from coastal and island sea-level measurements from 1880 to 2009. For 1993–2009 and after correcting for glacial isostatic adjustment, the estimated rate of rise is 3.2 ± 0.4 mm year−1 from the satellite data and 2.8 ± 0.8 mm year−1 from the in situ data. The global average sea-level rise from 1880 to 2009 is about 210 mm. The linear trend from 1900 to 2009 is 1.7 ± 0.2 mm year−1 and since 1961 is 1.9 ± 0.4 mm year−1. There is considerable variability in the rate of rise during the twentieth century but there has been a statistically significant acceleration since 1880 and 1900 of 0.009 ± 0.003 mm year−2 and 0.009 ± 0.004 mm year−2, respectively. Since the start of the altimeter record in 1993, global average sea level rose at a rate near the upper end of the sea level projections of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's Third and Fourth Assessment Reports. However, the reconstruction indicates there was little net change in sea level from 1990 to 1993, most likely as a result of the volcanic eruption of Mount Pinatubo in 1991.
KeywordsSea level Climate change Satellite altimeter Tide gauge
1 Introduction
Rising sea levels have important direct impacts on coastal and island regions where a substantial percentage of the world's population lives (Anthoff et al.2006). Sea levels are rising now and are expected to continue rising for centuries, even if greenhouse gas emissions are curbed and their atmospheric concentrations stabilised. Rising ocean heat content (and hence ocean thermal expansion) is an important element of climate change and sea-level rise. The remaining contributions to sea-level rise come principally from the melting of land ice: glaciers and ice caps (which include the small glaciers and ice caps fringing the major ice sheets) and the major ice sheets of Antarctica and Greenland, with additional contributions from changes in the storage of water on (or in) land. (See Church et al.2010 for a summary of issues). Correctly estimating historical sea-level rise and representing global ocean heat uptake in climate models are both critical to projecting future climate change and its consequences. The largest uncertainty in projections of sea-level rise up to 2100 is the uncertainty in global mean sea level (GMSL) and thus improving estimates of GMSL rise (as well as regional variations in sea level) remains a high priority.
Since late 1992, high quality satellite altimeters (TOPEX/Poseidon, Jason-1, and OSTM/Jason-2) have provided near global measurements of sea level from which sea-level rise can be estimated. However, this altimeter record is still short (less than 20 years) and there is a need to know how sea level has varied over multi-decadal and longer time scales. Quantifying changes in the rate of sea-level rise and knowing the reasons for such changes are critical to improving our understanding of twentieth century sea-level rise and improving our projections of sea-level change for the twenty first century and beyond.
For the period prior to the altimeter record, estimates of sea-level change are dependent on a sparsely distributed network of coastal and island tide-gauge measurements (Woodworth and Player 2003). Even today, there are many gaps in the global network of coastal and island sea-level measurements and the network was sparser early in the twentieth century and in the nineteenth century. Many previous studies have used the individual sea-level records (corrected for vertical land motion) to estimate the local rate of sea-level rise (as a linear trend; e.g. Douglas 1991) and some studies attempted to detect an acceleration in the local rate of sea-level rise (Woodworth 1990; Woodworth et al.2009; Douglas 1992). However, these individual records have considerable interannual and decadal variability and thus long records are required to get accurate estimates of the local trends in sea level (Douglas 2001). These authors assumed that these long-term trends are either representative of the global averaged rise or a number of records have been averaged, in some cases regionally and then globally, to estimate the global average rate of rise. However, the modern satellite record has made it clear that sea level is a dynamic quantity and it does not rise uniformly around the globe.
Sea level at any location contains the influences of local and regional meteorological effects (including storm surges), modes of climate variability (for example the El Niño-Southern Oscillation) and long-term trends (from both the ocean surface and land movements), including the impact of anthropogenic climate change. As the altimeter record has clearly demonstrated, GMSL has much less short term variability (more than an order of magnitude) than sea level at individual locations because while the volume of the oceans is nearly constant the distribution changes with time. While the variability at individual locations can be minimised by low pass filtering, there remains significant energy at yearly to decadal periods that may be either positively or negatively correlated between stations, thus confounding estimates of GMSL rise when few records are available.
To date, there have been two approaches to determining time series of GMSL from coastal and island tide gauges. The first and most straight forward approach averages the sea-level records (corrected for land motion) from individual locations. When there are only a small number of locations with continuous records, this approach is relatively straight forward, although care must be taken to remove data inhomogeneities. When more gauges are used, the records usually have different lengths and starting times. It is then necessary to average the rates of rise over some time step and integrate the results to get the sea-level change. Holgate and Woodworth (2004) used this approach and Jevrejeva et al. (2006) used a virtual station method of averaging neighbouring station sea-level changes in several regions and then averaging to get the global mean sea-level change. No attempt was made to interpolate between the locations of observations and thus to estimate deep ocean sea level. Thus these are essentially estimates of coastal sea-level change. However, note that White et al. (2005) argued that over longer periods the rates of coastal and global rise are similar.
The second approach uses spatial functions which represent the large-scale patterns of variability to interpolate between the widely distributed coastal and island sea-level observations and thus to estimate global sea level (as distinct from coastal sea level). This technique was first developed by Chambers et al. (2002) for interannual sea-level variability and extended by Church et al. (2004) to examine sea-level trends. The Church et al. approach uses the Reduced Space Optimal Interpolation technique (Kaplan et al.2000) developed for estimating changes in sea-surface temperature and atmospheric pressure. The spatial functions used are the empirical orthogonal functions (EOFs) of sea-level variability estimated from the satellite altimeter data set from TOPEX/Poseidon, Jason-1 and OSTM/Jason-2 satellite data, which now cover the period from January 1993 into 2011. We use data from January 1993 through December 2009 in this paper.
Here, we update previous estimates of GMSL rise for the period of the instrumental record using a longer (17 years) altimeter data set and an expanded in situ sea-level observational data set extending back to 1860. We use the Reduced Space Optimal Interpolation technique to quantify the rate of sea-level rise and the changes in the rate since 1880.
2 Methods and Data
2.1 In Situ Sea-Level Data
We use monthly sea-level data downloaded from the Permanent Service for Mean Sea Level (PSMSL; Woodworth and Player 2003) web site (http://www.psmsl.org) in August 2010. Careful selection and editing criteria, as given by Church et al. (2004) were used. The list of stations used in the reconstruction is available on our web site at http://www.cmar.csiro.au/sealevel/sl_data_cmar.html. Tide gauge records are assigned to the nearest locations (with good satellite altimeter data) on the 1° × 1° grid of the satellite altimeter based EOFs. Where more than one record is assigned to a single grid point they are averaged. Changes in height from 1 month to the next are stored for use in the reconstruction.
Sea-level measurements are affected by vertical land motion. Corrections for local land motion can come from long-term geological observations of the rate of relative local sea-level change (assuming the relative sea-level change on these longer times scales is from land motions rather than changing ocean volume), or from models of glacial isostatic adjustment, or more recently from direct measurements of land motion with respect to the centre of the Earth using Global Positioning System (GPS) observations. Here, the ongoing response of the Earth to changes in surface loading following the last glacial maximum were removed from the tide-gauge records using the same estimate of glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA; Davis and Mitrovica 1996; Milne et al.2001) as in our earlier study (Church et al.2004).
We completed the analysis with and without correction of the sea-level records for atmospheric pressure variations (the "inverse barometer" effect). The HadSLP2 global reconstructed atmospheric pressure data set (Allan and Ansell 2006) was used for this correction.
We tested the impact of correcting the tide-gauge measurements for terrestrial loading and gravitational changes resulting from dam storage (Fiedler and Conrad 2010). For the large number of tide gauges used in the period of major dam building after 1950 (mostly over 200), the impact on global mean sea level is only about 0.05 mm year−1 (smaller than the 0.2 mm year−1 quoted by Fiedler and Conrad, which is for a different less globally-distributed set of gauges). Tests of similar corrections for changes in the mass stored in glaciers and ice caps, and the Greenland and Antarctic Ice Sheets show that these effects have an even smaller impact on GMSL.
2.2 Satellite Altimeter Data Processing Techniques
The TOPEX/Poseidon, Jason-1 and OSTM/Jason-2 satellite altimeter missions measure sea surface height (SSH) relative to the centre of mass of the Earth along the satellite ground track. A number of instrumental and geophysical corrections must be applied. Every 10 days (one cycle) virtually global coverage of the world's ocean, between 66°N and S, is achieved. Our gridded data set as used here goes to 65°N and S.
Our satellite altimeter data processing mostly follows the procedures, and uses the edits and tests, recommended by the providers of the satellite altimeter data sets, and are similar to those described in Leuliette et al. (2004). The documents for the three missions used are Benada (1997) for TOPEX/Poseidon, Aviso (2003) for Jason-1 and CNES (2009) for OSTM/Jason-2.
Orbits from the most recent versions of the Geophysical Data Records (GDR files; MGDR-B for TOPEX/Poseidon, GDR-C for Jason-1 and GDR-T for OSTM/Jason-2) are used. GDR corrections from the same files for tides, wet troposphere, dry troposphere, ionosphere, sea-state bias (SSB), inverse barometer correction (when required) and the mean sea surface are applied in accordance with these manuals, except for some TOPEX/Poseidon corrections: firstly, the TOPEX/Poseidon wet troposphere correction has been corrected for drift in one of the brightness temperature channels (Ruf 2002) and offsets related to the yaw state of the satellite (Brown et al. 2002). Secondly, the inverse barometer correction (when used) has been recalculated using time-variable global-mean over-ocean atmospheric pressure, an improvement on the GDR-supplied correction which assumes a constant global-mean over-ocean atmospheric pressure. This approach makes the correction used for TOPEX/Poseidon consistent with the Jason-1 and OSTM/Jason-2 processing.
Calibrations of the TOPEX/Poseidon data against tide gauges have been performed by Gary Mitchum and colleagues (see, e.g., Nerem and Mitchum 2001). Here and in earlier publications, we have used the calibrations up to the end of 2001 (close to the end of the TOPEX/Poseidon mission). One of the problems these calibrations address is the changeover to the redundant "side B" altimeter electronics in February 1999 (at the end of cycle 235) due to degradation of the "side A" altimeter electronics which had been in use since the start of the mission. An alternative processing approach to address the side A to side B discontinuity is to use the separate Chambers et al. (2003) SSB models for TOPEX sides A and B without any use of the Poseidon data, as this correction does not address the substantial drift in the Poseidon SSH measurements, especially later in the mission. No tide-gauge calibrations are applied to Jason-1 or OSTM/Jason-2 data. The altimeter data sets as used here are available on our web site at http://www.cmar.csiro.au/sealevel/sl_data_cmar.html.
2.3 The Analysis Approach
The EOFs are constructed from the covariances of the altimeter sea-level data after removal of the mean. Any overall increase in sea level as a result of ocean thermal expansion or the addition of mass to the ocean is difficult to represent by a finite number of EOFs. We therefore include an additional "mode" which is constant in space to represent this change in GMSL.
Because the sea-level measurements are not related to a common datum, we actually work with the change in sea level between time steps and then integrate over time to get the solution. The least squares solution provides an estimate of the amplitude of the leading EOFs, global average sea-level and error estimates.
Christiansen et al. (2010) tested the robustness of various reconstruction techniques, including an approach similar to that developed by Church et al. (2004) using thermosteric sea level calculated from climate model results. They used an ensemble of model results (derived by randomising the phase of the principal components of the model sea level, see Christiansen et al. (2010) for details). For a method similar to that used here (including the additional "constant" mode and for a 20 year period for determining the EOFs), the trend in the ensemble mean reconstruction was within a few percent of the true value when 200 gauges were available (with about a 10% variation for the interquartile range of individual estimates, decreasing to about 5% when a 50 year period for determining the EOFs was available). When only 40 gauges were used, the ensemble mean trend was biased low by a little under 10% (with an interquartile range of about 15%). They further showed that the reconstructions tend to overestimate the interannual variability and that a longer period for determining the EOFs is important in increasing the correlation between the reconstructed and model year to year variability. Reconstructions that do not use the constant mode perform poorly compared to those that do. These results are similar to our own tests with climate model simulations, with the reconstruction tending to have a slightly smaller trend. Christiansen et al. also found a simple mean of the tide gauges reproduces the trend with little bias in the ensemble mean and about a 10% variation in the interquartile range. However, the simple mean has larger interannual variations and correlates less well with the model interannual variability.
The GMSL estimates are not sensitive to the number of EOFs (over the range 4–20 plus the constant mode) used in the reconstruction, although the average correlation between the observed and reconstructed signal increases and the residual variance decreases when a larger number of EOFs is used. For the long periods considered here and with only a small number of records available at the start of the reconstruction period, we used only four EOFs which explain 45% of the variance, after removal of the trend.
2.4 Computation of EOFs
For each altimeter mission the along-track data described above are smoothed onto a 1° × 1° × 1 month grid for the permanently ice-free ocean from 65°S to 65°N. The smoothing uses an e-folding length of 300 km and covers 90% of the global oceans. The three data sets are combined by matching means at each grid point (rather than just the global average) over the common periods between TOPEX/Poseidon and Jason-1 and between Jason-1 and OSTM/Jason-2. This is an attempt to overcome the problem of different geographically correlated errors in the missions, for example due to different sea-state bias corrections. The overlap between TOPEX/Poseidon and Jason-1 was from 15-January-2002 to 21-August-2002 (T/P cycles 344-365, J-1 cycles 1-22) or, effectively, February to July 2002 in our monthly data sets. The overlap between Jason-1 and OSTM/Jason-2 was from 12-July-2008 to 26-January-2009 (J-1 cycles 240-259 and J-2 cycles 1-20) or, effectively, August to December 2008 in our monthly data sets.
Only whole years (in this case 17 years) are used.
Grid points with gaps in the time series (e.g. due to seasonal sea ice) are ignored.
The data are area (cos(latitude)) weighted.
The global-mean trend is removed.
The GIA correction appropriate for this data is applied (Mark Tamisiea, NOC Liverpool, private communication).
2.5 Sensitivity of the Results
To complete the reconstruction, we need to specify two parameters: the instrumental error covariance matrix R and the relative weighting of the "constant" mode to the EOFs. Church and White (2006) used the first differences between sets of nearby sea-level records to compute an average error estimate of the first differences of 50 mm and assumed errors were independent of and between locations (i.e. the error covariance matrix was diagonal). When the seasonal signal was removed, tests indicated the residual variance increased when a smaller error estimate was used but was not sensitive to the selection of larger values. Similarly, the residual variance increased when the weighting of the "constant" mode was less than 1.5 times the first EOF but was not sensitive to larger values. The computed trends for the 1880–2009 increased slightly (0.06 mm year−1 or about 4%) when the relative weighting was increased by 33% from 1.5 to 2.0 or the error estimate was decreased by 40% to 30 mm. Prior to 1880 when there were less than 15 locations available and none in the southern hemisphere, there was considerably greater sensitivity to the parameter choice than for the rest of the record and hence we focus on results after 1880. When the seasonal signal was retained in the solution, a larger error estimate of 70 mm was appropriate. This solution also had a larger residual variance and a slightly greater sensitivity in the trend to the parameter choice and hence we focus on the solution with the seasonal signal removed, as in our earlier studies.
As a further test of the effectiveness of the EOFs to represent the interannual variability in GMSL, we computed EOFs using shorter periods of 9 and 12 years, similar to our earlier analyses (Church et al.2004; Church and White 2006). The resulting estimates are well within the uncertainties.
The atmospheric pressure correction makes essentially no difference to the GMSL time series for the computations with the seasonal signal removed and no difference to the computations including the seasonal signal after about 1940. However, prior to 1940, the correction does make a significant difference to the GMSL calculated with the seasonal signal included. These results suggests some problem with the atmospheric correction prior to 1940 and as a result we decided not to include this correction in the results. This issue seems to be related to the HadSLP2 data set not resolving the annual cycle and, possibly, the spatial patterns well for the Southern Hemisphere south of 30°S for the 1920s and 1930s, presumably because of sparse and changing patterns of input data at this time and in this region. This is being investigated further.
3 Results
We present results for two periods: from 1880 to 2009 and the satellite altimeter period from January 1993 to December 2009. The latter is only a partial test of the reconstruction technique because the EOFs used were actually determined for this period.
The reconstructed and satellite estimates of GMSL have somewhat different error sources. The two largest uncertainties for the reconstructed sea level are the incomplete global coverage of sea-level measurements (particularly in the southern hemisphere), and uncertainties in land motions used to correct the sea-level records. The former contributes directly to the formal uncertainty estimates that are calculated on the basis that the sea-level records are independent. In estimating uncertainties on linear trends and accelerations, we recognise the series are autocorrelated and the number of effective degrees of freedom is only a quarter of the number of years of data. Previous tests using various GIA models suggest an additional uncertainty in trends of about ±0.1 mm year−1 (Church et al.2004) that should be added in quadrature to the uncertainty in the trend estimate from the time series (but not for estimates of the acceleration in the rate of rise). The annual time series of GMSL and the estimated uncertainty estimates are available at http://www.cmar.csiro.au/sealevel/sl_data_cmar.html.
3.1 1993–2009
After correcting for the GIA, the linear trend from the altimeter data from January 1993 to December 2009 is 3.2 ± 0.4 mm year−1 (note the GIA values appropriate for correcting the altimeter data are different to that necessary for the in situ data). The uncertainty range (1 standard deviation) comes from fitting a linear trend to the data using uncertainties on the annual averages of 5 mm and is consistent with an updated error budget of altimeter sea-level trend uncertainties (Ablain et al.2009). They estimate the largest uncertainties are related to the wet tropospheric (atmospheric water vapour) correction, the bias uncertainty of successive missions, orbit uncertainty and the sea-state bias correction. These total to about 0.4 mm year−1, similar to our uncertainty estimate. The reconstructed global average sea-level change over the same period is almost the same as for the altimeter data. However, as a result of different interannual variability, the trend of 2.8 ± 0.8 mm year−1 is smaller but not significantly different to the altimeter estimate after correction for glacial isostatic adjustment.
3.2 1880–2009
The interannual variability is mostly less than the one standard deviation uncertainty estimates, which range from ~25 mm in 1880 to a minimum of ~6 mm in 1988 (as shown in Fig. 5, where the yearly GMSL time series is plotted over the envelope of smoothed (±3 year boxcar) 1 standard deviation limits). However, there are a number of features which are comparable to/larger than the uncertainty estimates. Firstly, there is a clear increase in the trend from the first to the second half of the record; the linear trend from 1880 to 1935 is 1.1 ± 0.7 mm year−1 and from 1936 to the end of the record the trend is 1.8 ± 0.3 mm year−1. The period of relatively rapid sea-level rise commencing in the 1930s ceases abruptly in about 1962 after which there is a fall in sea level of over 10 mm over 5 years. Starting in the late 1960s, sea level rises at a rate of almost 2.4 mm year−1 for 15 years from 1967 and at a rate of 2.8 ± 0.8 mm year−1 from 1993 to the end of the record. There are brief interruptions in the rise in the mid 1980s and the early 1990s.
The linear trend from 1900 to 2009 is 1.7 ± 0.2 mm year−1 and from 1961 to 2009 is 1.9 ± 0.4 mm year−1. However, there are significant departures from a linear trend. We estimate an acceleration in GMSL by fitting a quadratic to the time series, taking account of the time variable uncertainty estimates. From 1880 to 2009, the acceleration (twice the quadratic coefficient) is 0.009 ± 0.003 mm year−2 (one standard deviation). This estimate is slightly less than but not significantly different from the (one standard deviation) estimate of Church and White (2006) of 0.013 ± 0.003 mm year−2, but still significantly different from zero at the 95% level. From 1900 to 2009, the acceleration is also 0.009 ± 0.004 mm year−2. If the variable uncertainty estimates are ignored the equivalent accelerations are 0.010 and 0.012 mm year−2.
4 Discussion
One source of error is the poor corrections for land motion. Bouin and Wöppelmann (2010) used GPS time series for correcting tide-gauge records for land motion from all sources and estimated a global average sea-level rise of 1.8 mm year−1 for the twentieth century, consistent with the present results and early studies (e.g. Douglas 1991). These GPS series are just now beginning to be long enough to provide useful constraints on land motion from all sources (not just GIA).
A significant non-climatic influence on sea level is the storage of water in dams and the depletion of ground water from aquifers, some of which makes it into the ocean. Chao et al. (2008) estimated that about 30 mm of sea-level equivalent is now stored in man-made dams and the surrounding soils; most of this storage occurred since the 1950s. Globally, the rate of dam entrapment has slowed significantly in the last decade or two. The depletion of ground water (Konikow et al. personal communication; Church et al. in preparation) offsets perhaps a third of this terrestrial storage over the last five decades and the rate of depletion has accelerated over the last two decades.
The acceleration in the rate of sea-level rise since 1880 is in qualitative agreement with the few available long (mostly northern hemisphere) sea-level records and longer term estimates of sea level from geological (e.g. salt-marsh) data (for example Donnelly et al. 2004; Gehrels et al. 2006). These data mostly indicate an acceleration at the end of the nineteenth or start of the twentieth century (see Woodworth et al.2011, this volume, for a summary and references).
The rate of sea-level rise as measured both by the satellite altimeter record and the in situ reconstruction of about 3 mm year−1 since 1993 is near the upper end of the sea-level projections for both the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's Third (Church et al.2001) and Fourth (Meehl et al. 2007—see also Hunter 2010) Assessment Reports. However, note that the in situ data also indicates that there was little net change in GMSL from 1990 to 1993, most likely as a result of the volcanic eruption of Mount Pinatubo in 1991 (Domingues et al.2008; Church et al. in preparation).
Significant progress has been made during the last decade in estimating and understanding historical sea-level rise. However, much remains to be done. Of particular importance is the maintenance and continuation of the observing network and associated infrastructure such as the PSMSL archive. The in situ sea-level data set continues to provide a very valuable contribution to our understanding of late nineteenth, twentieth and early twenty first century sea-level rise. Data archaeology and paleo observations to extend the spatial and temporal coverage of in situ sea-level observations need to be vigorously pursued. Modern GPS measurements at tide-gauge locations, which are now beginning to provide valuable information on vertical land motion (e.g., Bouin and Wöppelmann 2010) should be continued and expanded. This applies in particular to the use of in situ data to monitor the accuracy of satellite altimeter measurement systems. Increasing the number and geographical distribution of these GPS observations is a priority. Of course a major priority is maintaining a continuous record of high-quality satellite-altimeter observations of the oceans and continuing to improve the International Terrestrial Reference Frame and maintaining and expanding the associated geodetic networks. These improved observations need to be combined with more elegant analysis of the observations, including, for example, considering changes in the gravitational field associated with evolving mass distributions on the Earth and using observations of sea-level rise, ocean thermal expansion and changes in the cryosphere in combined solutions.
This paper is a contribution to the Commonwealth Scientific Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO) Climate Change Research Program. J. A. C. and N. J. W. were partly funded by the Australian Climate Change Science Program. NASA & CNES provided the satellite altimeter data, PSMSL the tide-gauge data.
Open Access
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It's that time of year to dream… snow is on the ground, yet only enough to possibly shatter a knee cap in between turns of glee. This year, I know I'm ready for ski season when our root cellar is full.
A year ago, we moved to Holy Terror Farm to try to grow and raise all our own food, with the important exceptions of coffee, chocolate and salt. Growing all that food for winter is quite a project!
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I look forward to seeing you all out there filming on some remote mountain or at one of my Rippin Chix camps with Osprey demos! Happy winter and skiing!

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But it's okay, because he's a conservative. Or something. That's right, when asked what we should do with Supreme Court Justice Clarence Thomas after he's impeached, attendees of last weekend's far-left "decloak the Kochs" protest rally had some, er, wild ideas. Those included "string him up," "hang him," and "put him back in the fields."
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There is a long-standing joke in theater that all actors have either worked together, drank together or slept together. It is like an Appalachian coal town in that regard, and the statement holds true fairly constantly, especially in community theater circles.
The quirk-filled family nature of community theater, much like its East Coast cousin, however, produces successful relationships. That fact will be on display starting this week with Lakewood Playhouse's staging of "Love Letters" by A.R. Gurney. This production will have nine different Puget Sound acting couples in real life playing out roles as couples on stage.
The romantic, and periodically brutally frank play, centers on the tales of Andrew Makepeace Ladd III and Melissa Gardner, both born to wealth and position. They are childhood friends who started with simple birthday party thank-you notes and summer camp postcards but continued through the span of their lives. Their written "affair" continues on until their twilight years and culminates in the most beautiful exchange of all as dusk arrives. The staged reading takes place through a series of those letters as the time passes. This show contains some adult themes and language, so parents might want to leave the kids at home.
The couples starring in this two-person show are: Jen Davis and Alex Smith, Jen Ankrum and Blake York, Sharry O'Hare and Micheal O'Hara, Stephanie and Jarod Nace, Terri and Robert Puett, Aya and Randy Clark, Samantha Camp and Bruce Story, Rachel and Alan Wilkie, Bethany Bevier and Nic Olson. All met through theater, but rarely appear on stage together since they find themselves cast in different shows at different theaters, so they might be at rehearsals that occur across town.
"This will be the most time some have spent together in weeks," Lakewood Managing Artistic Director John Munn said. "This has literally become their 'date night.'"
The one exception is the duo of O'Hare and O'Hara, who are theater juggernauts as individuals and an acting blitzkrieg together. Married for 23 years now, this acting couple has performed "Love Letters" at Lakewood and Tacoma Little Theatre as well as at benefit shows from time to time. But that does not mean their performances this time will be repeats of those times.
"Sharry and I always find different nuances in it," O'Hara said.
And there are plenty of nuggets in the script for couples to personalize their own performances based on their own relationships, an aspect that drew Munn to considering the show for the theater's summer line-up.
"It can be a completely different perspective each time," he said. "I really wasn't the 'director' as much as I was giving some guidelines and insights," he said. "I am basically landing a plane of talent."
"Love Letters" runs at 8 p.m. Fridays and Saturdays and at 2 p.m. on Sundays, Aug. 10-26. Tickets are $15. Videos of the theater couples chatting about the show and their lives are available at Lakewoodplayhouse.org. Tickets are available there as well. The theater is located at 5729 Lakewood Towne Center Blvd. in Lakewood. Information is also available by calling (253) 588-0042.


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Dallas Morning TV Host Storms Off Set In Protest Of Michael Sam Kiss
God, it was must be sooooo difficult being on the WRONG side of history. I almost — almost, but not at all, really — feel bad for Amy Kushnir, one of the hosts of Dallas's morning show "The Broadcast," who got into it with two of her fellow cohosts — including the totally rad Courtney Kerr — over the "appropriateness" of Michael Sam's gay kiss being shown on ESPN this past weekend. Sam, as I'm sure you remember, became the first openly gay player to be drafted into the NFL on Saturday and celebrated by — GASP — kissing his boyfriend, Vito Camissano, while cameras rolled. This has apparently been too much for some people — including Kushnir and some other homophobic ninny on "The Broadcast" — to handle. Kerr and Kushnir got into it because Kushnir pulled the usual tired old "but what about the childddddddren?" card, saying:
"When parents do not have a choice about whether or not they want their children to see this, it is wrong … I don't call it a moment of celebration … It's being pushed in faces. I don't want to see that. I don't want to see cake in your face, kissing each other."
OH MY GOD, two people celebrating a momentous moment in one of their lives by kissing and showing love and happiness, GROSSSSSS EWWW GET IT OUT OF OUR CHILDREN'S FACES! QUICK CHANGE THE CHANNEL TO "COPS"!!! I can't even. Kushnir stormed off the set because she basically couldn't take Kerr's perfectly reasonable question about what's so offensive about two people kissing. So professional! Don't let the door hit your ass on the way out, Amy! [Instinct]


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Saturday Sports Open Thread
College football schedule below the fold. Name today's must-see games, and predict the upsets.
In baseball, will the Twins or Sox unseat the Tigers? Are the Red Sox a lock on the AL wildcard? Will the Giants unseat the Rockies for the NL wildcard?
For you racing fans, what's going to happen this week in New Hampshire?
Anything else you want to discuss (college football schedule follows)?
12:00 PM ET Temple at No. 5 Penn State Big 10 Network Tickets
12:00 PM ET No. 8 California at Minnesota ESPN360.com Tickets
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An Internship Just For You
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"It turns out that (an internship) may be the easiest way to secure a full-time gig, as 69% of companies with 100 or more employees offered full-time jobs to their interns in 2012, according to a new survey."
- Forbes – Internships May Be The Easiest Way To A Job in 2013
- Forbes – Internships May Be The Easiest Way To A Job in 2013
There are endless internship opportunities out there. Below are just a few areas to help you get an idea of how Queens students use their talent and classroom learning in the workplace. Contact Queens' Vandiver Center for Career Development for information on other exciting industries.


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-------------------------------------------------------------------------- © 2011 - 2016 Bali Discovery Tours, All rights reserved. This hotel originated from http://www.balidiscovery.com/ Find it online at http://www.balidiscovery.com/hotels/hotel.asp?Id=606 --------------------------------------------------------------------------
Set against a backdrop of beautifully groomed tropical gardens, original antique wooden houses collected from through out Indonesia have been individually restored and lovingly refurbished. Clustered around a large pool and spa, the beautifully hand crafted and detailed houses are home to an eclectic collection of furniture. At the heart of the Tempo Doeloe village is a beautiful pool and within the grounds you'll be "blissed" to discover one of Bali's best spas, a tranquil yoga practise area and a restaurant with a most appealing menu full of healthy temptations.
Twenty minutes from the international airport, the major shopping centres and night life of Kuta and the internationally renowned Restaurants of Seminyak. Sanur Beach is just 5 minutes by car or a 10 minutes stroll through the picturesque lanes of Sanur.
• 24 hours security
• 24 hours reception service
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|The first column shows the different room categories of the hotel.
|The '++' behind the Published Rates in the second column indicates that these prices are subject to an additional 11% Indonesian Government Tax and 10% Service Surcharge. Breakfast is usually not included in Published Rates.
|In the third column we have added those 21% to the Published Rates for your reference. This simplifies the comparison with our Internet Rates.
|Our Internet Rates in the forth column are already inclusive of 21% Tax and Service Surcharge.
|The saving in the fifth column is calculated against the Published Rates plus the additional charges of 21%.
|Any questions? - Just send a short email to email@example.com.
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City Council Priorities
The Tempe City Council is committed to:
- Ensuring a safe and secure community through a commitment to public safety and justice.
- Developing and maintaining a strong community connection by emphasizing the importance of open government, customer service and communication with community members.
- Enhancing the quality of life for all Tempe residents and workers through investment in neighborhoods, parks, the arts, human services, and city amenities, with an emphasis on equity and diversity.
- Implementing sustainable growth and development strategies, including improving Tempe's public transit system to meet future needs, by actively seeking innovative technologies and leading the way in creating a more sustainable community.
- Maintaining long term financial stability and vitality by focusing on economic development, business retention and generating employment to create a robust and diverse economic base.


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FORT WAYNE, Indiana — Naomi Osborn, 94, of Ft. Wayne, died May 22, 2014, in the Lutheran Life Villages Nursing Home.
She was born May 7, 1920, in Allen County, Indiana, the daughter of the late James Victor and Georgianna (Henrey) Anderson.
On Nov. 6, 1937, she married Dale A. Osborn who passed away Oct. 25, 2005.
Mrs. Osborn worked in retail for many years before retiring. She
loved music, singing in the church choir, South Moor Singers and was a
member of square dancing club for many years. Mrs. Osborn was an active
member of the Calvary United Methodist Church before living at Lutheran
Life Villages.
Survivors include three daughters, Joan (Wilbur)
Clymer of Van Wert, Ohio, Janet (Merle) Naeve of Dewey, Arizona, Pauline
(William) Arnold of Fremont, Indiana; four grandchildren, Gerald (Deb)
Clymer of Hot Springs, Arkansas, Richard (Patt) Clymer of Mundelein,
Illinois, Patricia (Stephen) Jones of Van Wert, and Mark Arnold of Ft.
Wayne; nine great-grandchildren, four great-great-grandchildren. Others
surviving include a sister, Lauretta George of Bluffton, Indiana.
who preceded her in death include one grandson, Kerry Smith; one
granddaughter, Debi Townsend; four sisters, Beulah Weisman, Donna Yocum,
Chloe Kizer, and Arlene Wilson Brubaker and a brother, James Forest
Memorial contributions may be directed to the Heartland
Hospice, 1315 Directors Rows, Suite 210, Ft. Wayne, IN 46080, The
Lutheran Life Villages, 6701 S. Anthony Blvd., Ft. Wayne, IN 46816 or
The Calvary United Methodist Church, 6301 Winchester Road, Ft. Wayne, IN
Funeral services will be held at 2 p.m. Tuesday,
May 27, 2014, at Klaehn Fahl & Melton Funeral Home, 6424 Winchester
Road, Ft. Wayne, Indiana. Visitation will be 11 a.m.-2 p.m. Tuesday at
the funeral home.
To sign online condolences www.klaehnfahlmeltonfunerals.com.
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Information published on this site is not for republication in print or web media without the expressed written consent of Times Bulletin Media.


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Recent Posts
- PS4 owners to get physical retail version of .hack//G.U. Last Recode
- Sine Mora EX hitting PC, PS4, Xbox One on August 8
- Spawn scribe Jon Goff working on Crackdown 3
- Crash Bandicoot N. Sane Trilogy gets a free unreleased level, book
- Call of Duty: WWII Nazi Zombies detailed, screens and trailer released
Fancy A Date?
Developer- and Publisher-specific Articles: Panzer General
Panzer Corps now on Steam Greenlight
Panzer Corps, one of the more newcomer-friendly and enjoyable turn-based wargames to come out in recent years, is now part of the Steam Greenlight program. As with Soldak's Drox Operative, we'll be voting for this one ourselves. Why? Aside from the many reasons our review points out, it's a great bridge title for gamers looking to get their feet wet in the genre, much like its inspiration, Panzer General. And everyone could use more well-designed beer-and-pretzel wargames in their lives.
Panzer Corps enters 1942 with Grand Campaign '42 DLC
Lordz Games Studio continues its assault on the wargaming masses with the latest DLC release for Panzer Corps, Grand Campaign '42. The fourth campaign pack includes 15 new scenarios, including an urban Stalingrad map, new features, and new unique objectives, one of which involves intercepting reinforcements at the Volga River (mmm … sweet, sweet ambushes). As always, surviving units from the previous campaigns can be imported for play '42.
Panzer Corps gets new 1.05 patch, Grand Campaign '41 DLC
Following the recent comprehensive 1.05 update, which includes four new multiplayer maps, new units, and various fixes and tweaks, Matrix Games and Slitherine have released a new DLC pack for Lordz Games Studio's Panzer Corps. Grand Campaign '41 includes fifteen new scenarios that see German troops being sent to secure the Balkans before the launch of Operation Barbarossa.
Panzer Corps gets patched to 1.4, two Grand Campaign DLC packs
Panzer Corps has been hit with a double download doozy this week. Yesterday, the 1.04 comprehensive update was released, which includes tweaks to unit cost and game rules as well as extended support for modders. And today, the game's first two DLC packs have been made available: Grand Campaign '39 and Grand Campaign '40. Each campaign adds new scenarios, improved AI, unique objectives, and the ability to carry a core army throughout the different campaigns.
Panzer Corps gets hotfix to 1.02
A new hotfix has been released for Panzer Corps, the fantastic spiritual successor to Panzer General. The 1.02 update addresses an issue that prevented players from completing the campaign.
Panzer Corps – Grand Campaign DLC packs announced
Some more Panzer Corps news for our fellow generals. Just last week a new patch was released, adding some much-needed options and a few handy tweaks, and now Matrix and Slitherine have announced that developer Lordz Games Studio is busy working on DLC. The two packs, Grand Campaign '39 and Grand Campaign '40, will go for $4.99 and include 14 new scenarios apiece, new features, and the ability to carry armies over between campaigns. Other DLC packs were also mentioned, with the goal being to create one massive Grand Campaign from 1939 to 1945 consisting of around 70 scenarios.
Panzer Corps gets patched to 1.01, fixes and tweaks aplenty
Panzer Corps, spiritual successor to Panzer General and one of the year's more enjoyable releases, has received a substantial patch. The 1.01 update includes new interface options, gameplay tweaks, and bug fixes. Some of the more notable changes include the addition of a restart scenario option, a window mode option, ability to upgrade forts, fixed Stalingrad victory conditions, and turning supply off gives recon units unlimited movement range. The patch, which will bring all previous versions up to date, can be downloaded from Matrix Games' website and co-publisher Slitherine's website.
Panzer Corps now available – time to stock up on some prestige
Slitherine and Matrix Games have announced the release of The Lordz Games Studio's latest WWII-themed strategy title, Panzer Corps. The Panzer General-inspired release has been quite the talk around the Depot digital lounge, and it's looking like we might have lost one of your own to the battlefields of Europe—at least for the next week or so. (Come back home safe, George.) Fans of SSI's classic can look forward to 400 unit types battling it out in 26 scenarios over 21 maps, covering both major battles during the war as well as 'what if' scenarios.


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Former Marine To Fox News: Sexual Assault Should Not Be Part Of My Job
Violent sexual assaults in the military have increased by 64 percent since 2006, according to a recent Pentagon report. Let me repeat that number: 64 percent.
But few days ago, Fox News contributor Liz Trotta made it clear she doesn't consider this to be a valid problem. "Now, what did they expect? These people are in close contact," said Trotta, who also dismissed the Pentagon's new support programs for sexual assault victims as a waste of money: "I thought the mission of the armed forces was to defend and protect us, not the people who are fighting the war."
Ex-Marine Sarah Albertson is not having it. Albertson, who served as a Security, Governance, and Economics Analyst in the USMC from 2003 to 2008, wrote an open letter responding to Trotta's inflammatory remarks and has created a Change.org petition calling for Fox News to fire her. Says Albertson: "Nowhere in my enlistment contract, not even in the fine print, did I agree to sexual assault as a part of the job."
Click here to sign the petition, and read the full text of Albertson's letter after the jump.
From 2003-2008, I was a United States Marine. Trained as a Russian Linguist, I worked as a Security, Governance, and Economics Analyst. "Property of male Marines" was never in my job description, and therefore I should never have had to "expect" to be raped. Nowhere in my enlistment contract, not even in the fine print, did I agree to sexual assault as a part of the job. Fox News pundit Liz Trotta's comments suggesting that servicewomen should "expect" to be raped because they're in "close contact" with their male colleagues are beyond ignorant; they fall into the category of hate speech.
Not only does Ms. Trotta's twisted stance set women's rights back several decades, once again telling us that despite our abilities and qualifications, we should not be allowed to work in our chosen profession so as to avoid "tempting" violent criminals whom she desires to see continue their employment, but she goes even further to suggest that any male in our armed forces is completely capable of raping his colleagues.
In doing so, she has successfully degraded the entirety of the U.S. military and painted the image of a lawless Old West in an organization that is run on order and discipline. Ms. Trotta has expressed a belief that those in uniform should not be protected by basic laws which govern and protect all other Americans, nor should we be held accountable to these laws. In expressing these beliefs, she demonstrates how very little she actually understands our military, and how extremely unqualified she is to speak on our behalf.
We are not all constantly on guard, weapons at the ready, ready to fight to the death in our barracks. The barracks are our homes. I would ask Ms. Trotta if she finds it reasonable to act this way in her own home; if she keeps a weapon on her and refuses drinks around her own family, since she is in "close contact" with males. Of course not! They are her family. She should not "expect" assault at every turn. She should be able to relax and feel safe, and let her guard down.
Military personnel are no different. When a crime is committed, let us not continue to live in the Dark Ages where we blame the victim for the crime of the perpetrator. It is this long-outdated attitude which has allowed rape and sexual assault to run rampant in our armed forces for far too long, and it is only by extinguishing these misconceptions that we can hope to bring an end to this epidemic.
I could go on about how Trotta's statements ignore the existence of thousands of male survivors of rape and sexual assault in the military. How she criticizes "feminists" for supporting sexual abuse programs because the military exists "to defend and protect us, not the people who were fighting the war," speaking as though those of us who serve are expendable sub-humans sent to do her dirty work but not worthy of the same protections she receives. And how she uses the phrase "raped too much" as if she has declared an acceptable threshold for one of our society's most heinous crimes. But this "feminist" would hate to ramble.
I'll be signing that petition. Will you? [Change.org]
Contact the author of this post at [email protected]


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I think "We Believe You" needs to be juiced up...(5 Posts)
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text:
Originally Posted by shycatgirl00
Rin: Who's there?
Random guy from before: *thinking: That dog must have noticed my presence....... Very well I'll have to get rid of him* Inferno! *a scorching fire shoots straight at Nero*
Rin: *sees fire coming at Nero* Wh-what the- *moves Nero out of the way letting herself get burned* Aaahhhhh!
*water appears above you and drops onto you, putting out the fire but leaving you cold and wet* Quiet.
Forum Rules


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Our Blog
Want to come out and snowshoe??
Maybe you want to try something instead of skiing? Canyons Resort is one of the Top 10 Snowshoeing Resorts. Easy to get to from Old Town Guest House. Let us know if we can help you book a tour.
In the heart of the Wasatch mountain range above Park City, Utah sits Canyons Resort, offering a variety of guided snowshoe tour options that last from an hour and a half, to longer "black diamond" three-hour tours. You can set your own pace and choose your own path, perhaps to 'shoe up to the Lookout Cabin for a gourmet lunch experience topped off with spectacular views.
"Canyons Resort has a very diverse network of snowshoe trails…. Each tour or trail was created with a unique destination, experience, or exploration in mind…. Our family snowshoe trails are gentle and easy to access," Luker noted. "We want parents and their children to be able to slow down and bask in the simple solitude snowshoeing together affords."
"…Moderate trails …elevate the heart rate while weaving through aspen and pine forests leading guests up to our Alpine Lake with spectacular views of the Wasatch and Uinta Mountain Ranges.
"We've [also] created experiences for [our] really adventurous guests…[that] deliver a challenging workout," Luker continued, and there is always "a good possibility of spotting a moose… a moonlight snowshoe tour [offers] exclusive access to our mountain after the resort trails close for the day."
Après-snowshoe opportunities in a Olympic class resort town are abundant, from zip line tours to a western barbeque to horse drawn sleigh rides and dog sledding tours, and of course the ubiquitous cross-country and downhill skiing and snowboarding. Fly fishing in winter is not out of the question either. Snowmobile tours, corporate games and trap shooting round out winter offerings if you get tired of snowshoeing.


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Schwartz Gem, Keyes Two-Run Blast Key P-Nats to Shutout Victory
Blake Schwartz Shines in Debut, Kevin Keyes Cranks Four-Bagger to Propel Potomac to 2-0 Win
By Potomac Nationals | April 24, 2013 6:10 PM ET
Zebulon, NC-The Potomac Nationals (9-10, 5-4) received a stellar Carolina League starting pitching debut from RHP Blake Schwartz, promoted today from Class-A Hagerstown, and a two-run rocket off the lumber of 1B Kevin Keyes, his first longball of the season, to sink the Carolina Mudcats (8-11, 6-7) on Wednesday evening at Five County Stadium.
The Nationals are now (2-1) in their shutout contests in the 2013 campaign and dealt the Mudcats their first blanking of the '13 season.
Schwartz (1-0), the winning pitcher, was brilliant through 6.0 scoreless innings allowing just three separated base hits and one walk, while striking out five in his Potomac Nationals debut.
Schwartz only surrendered a double off the bat of SS Francisco Lindor in the 1st inning, a two-base hit to LF Bryson Myles in the 2nd stanza, and a leadoff single to 1B Jerrud Sabourin in the 4th frame.
Keyes' majestic, Ruthian blast was a high-arching drive that collided with a band of bulbs on the left field light pole, smashing one of the bulbs and putting that individual light out of commission a la "The Natural."
Carolina LHP Shawn Morimando (1-2), the losing pitcher, earned a quality start, by tossing 6.0 innings and allowing just two earned runs on three hits with two walks and three strikeouts to his line.
Potomac RHP Tyler Herron was terrific in relief as he struck out the side in the 7th inning and worked around a single allowed to 2B Zack MacPhee in the 8th to turn in a pair of scoreless relief frames.
Nationals RHP Derek Self (1 SV), after a rocky beginning to his 2013 journey, pitched a scary 9th inning but was able to tiptoe through trouble and earn his first save of the season.
Self walked the leadoff man, Sabourin, on four pitches, then gave up a single on a grounder up the middle off the bat of RF Jordan Smith that tipped Self's bright red glove to put runners at first and second base. Then, DH Anthony Gallas knocked a grounder to the SS Adrian Sanchez to cut down Smith at second base, and the following hitter, C Jake Lowery hit an identical fielder's choice grounder that had Gallas out at second. Gallas came in hard and Sanchez was able to regain his composure after a minor collision that spun Sanchez to the ground. Myles dribbled into a 1-3 putout to end the game as Self underhanded the ball to Keyes at first sealing the shutout victory for the Potomac Nationals.
Game Four on Thursday evening will feature RHP Taylor Hill (3-0, 1.42) gunning against RHP Will Roberts (0-3, 8.56).
The Nationals can even this four-game set with a victory tomorrow night against Carolina before a weekend road series in Myrtle Beach, SC against the Southern Division's Myrtle Beach Pelicans (Texas Rangers).
First pitch is slated for 7:15pm with the Potomac Nationals Baseball Network getting underway at 7:00pm in anticipation of the live play-by-play.
The Potomac Nationals of the Carolina League play at Pfitzner Stadium in Woodbridge, Virginia, and are the Class-A Advanced affiliate of the Washington Nationals. P-Nats 2013 season tickets and mini plans are on sale now. Sponsorship opportunities for the '13 season are now available. Plan your corporate outing now in preparation for the summer months as the P-Nats offer discounted group rates and all-inclusive picnic options. Visit the P-Nats online at www.potomacnationals.com or call the ticket office at 703-590-2311 for more!
-- Potomac Nationals -
This story was not subject to the approval of the National Association of Professional Baseball Leagues or its clubs.View More


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By Michael Hiestand, USA TODAY
For years, NASCAR has led other sports in at least one category: Most TV changes.
Fox, for the 50th Daytona 500 Sunday, will deploy at least 77 cameras — including four new high-def Gopher Cams stuck in the track — and let viewers go online to talk to Fox's announcers during the race. Well, sort of: Fox analysts taped video responses to more than 300 potential questions — just ask the right ones.
Satellite provider DirecTV will offer 13 new audio channels for viewers to eavesdrop live on drivers and crews and offer four channels devoted to continuous coverage of specific drivers — and this year let a fan join the announcing team on one of those channels.
Fox race announcer Mike Joy, who first covered Daytona as a radio broadcaster in 1977, says the first wire-to-wire live race coverage on CBS in 1979 "changed the sport." But not overnight: "Tracks really resisted TV. They thought it would hurt their gate."
But Joy says there wasn't much suspense over whether Darrell Waltrip, now Fox's lead NASCAR analyst, would end up on TV. First, says Joy, there was his obvious ability to "ham it up" — like when Waltrip did the then-popular Ickey Shuffle after Joy interviewed in him in victory lane at the 1989 500 — as well as an ability to opine. Joy recalls Waltrip dropping by a racetrack press box in the 1980s when action was rained out and no one knew what to write: "He held court for an hour and a half and everybody had their stories. This was a man who obviously knew the power of the media."
And, says Joy, Waltrip's trademark "boogity, boogity, boogity" catchphrase, which will be featured Sunday in the new Fox theme song NASCAR Love, shows his instinctual feel for TV: "When we both started with Fox, that just sort of came out."
What's next? Fox this month used American Idol'sRyan Seacrest for a first-ever Super Bowl celebrity red carpet, and Fox Sports Chairman David Hill doesn't rule out a laying down such a carpet at Daytona: "But I don't know if I can get Ryan all the time."
Off-air no longer means off-guard
On-air TV personalities, thanks to the Internet, had better assume they're always on.
After word spread online that ESPN talk show host Dana Jacobson used derogatory language about Jesus Christ at a roast in Atlantic City in January, she was suspended — and ESPN's Connecticut office was picketed. But Thursday, Rev. Patrick Mahoney, director of the Christian Defense Coalition, said he and other religious leaders were glad ESPN "has taken a powerful first step toward building a culture of religious tolerance" by planning its first-ever workplace seminars on "religious diversity."
Says ESPN, in a statement: "With regard to language in the workplace, we do not have a list of forbidden phrases, but we do require appropriate workplace behavior."
Given today's technology, "forbidden phrases" might not be a bad idea. Videos of ESPN's Chris Berman using profanity, off-camera, on ABC's Monday Night Football studios in 1999 and 2000, are bouncing around online. (On the TV news side, footage of Katie Couric showing the CBS News anchor using off-camera profanity on CBS' New Hampshire primary coverage are also traveling through cyberspace.)
How do you get that kind of toothpaste back in the tube? ESPN's Josh Krulewitz says ESPN, arguing the Berman videos are owned by ESPN, asked YouTube.com to remove the videos — which happened. What about other websites? Says Krulewitz: "We're in frequent contact with YouTube because they're the table-setters and the others feed off them."
Curling may slide into reality TV
TV might finally answer the question: Can an Olympian be manufactured in months?
And not just any Olympian — a curler!
That's the idea of Rockstar Curling, a reality show starring the sport of rock sliding on ice as brooms sweep their paths. Colin Campbell, of Mktg Partners, which he says is an "event marketing sponsorship branding agency," is pitching the show to advertisers — NBC has the option to air it. It's "similar to American Idol," says Campbell, starting with tryouts in the USA in April "where thousands of people across the country would show up."
Sadly, the first news report on Rockstar was incorrect as the Toronto Star this week said actual rock stars — like Bruce Springsteen— would be the show's curlers. Campbell, who "laughed" at that, says anyone could try out for five male and five female slots, even if they haven't curled — "a backup Ohio State quarterback might have a good chance."
They'll train, he says, "eight hours a day with pro coaches and psychologists" in Lake Placid, N.Y. for up to eight months. Then, it's on to Olympics tryouts, albeit with "no special privileges" — but like "Carrie Underwood getting an opportunity for a record contract on Idol."
Rick Patzke, of the U.S. Curling Association, says veterans "wouldn't be overjoyed if someone who just picked up the rock a year before beat them for the Olympics." But, "it's an opportunity for everyday people to have an Olympic dream. To say, 'I wonder what'd happen if I had the chance to curl day in and day out.' "
Vote early, vote often for best dunker
Power to the people: The NBA Slam Dunk competition on TNT, part of All-Star Weekend and previously decided by judges, will be settled by online voting and text messaging Saturday.
The four entrants — Memphis' Rudy Gay, Minnesota's Gerald Green, Orlando's Dwight Howard and Toronto's Jamario Moon— are campaigning online in YouTube videos.
Gay asks voters to send tapes of their "sickest dunks" that he will pick up so "we can win this contest together." Howard, in his ad, says, "This message has been Dwight Howard-approved." Moon's pitch: "I dunk. You decide."
Moon's message is working. By mid-Thursday, his video had been viewed 260,000 times to Green's 254,000 total. Gay and Howard — no doubt facing questions whether they should even continue campaigning — each had 102,000.
But winners in ESPN's All-Star Celebrity game Friday will be settled the old-fashioned way — on the scoreboard. One squad includes Deion Sanders and Access Hollywood's Tony Potts and will be coached by actress Alyssa Milano, while the other includes Master P and 2006 American Idol winner Taylor Hicks with ESPN's Stephen A.Smith as the general manager. Instant classic!
Conversation guidelines: USA TODAY welcomes your thoughts, stories and information related to this article. Please stay on topic and be respectful of others. Keep the conversation appropriate for interested readers across the map.


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Join The Conversation
Jan 28 Posted 3 years ago
I hear you, and I agree with you...IF fan page actions were not so ridiculously limited. I am trying to use a fan page for a stage name. 1) I'm finding that people who ask if I have a page have to type in the ENTIRE name to find it, whereas if they start typing my last name on my profile -boom -there I am in about 4 letters! 2) There are groups I can join to find out about booking opportunities. I can not join as a fan page personality. I have to join as my real name and I've already found that schedulers are saying, "Who?" I remind them of my stage name and they say, "Oh yeah! Great!" 3) I can not invite people to like my fan page unless they are my personal profile friends. So someone I may meet at a show and have nothing in common with, other than we want to keep up with each other as performers now has to be my PERSONAL friend before *I* can put them on my fan page. Or I can PM them with a link to it - either way, it's not happening on the cell app. Has to happen on a desktop. 4) A non-friend photographer took pictures of a show - this is "mature content"- and he or fellow performers tagged my personal profile. So I have child actor friends, family members, etc who can now see this (I changed my privacy settings to approve all tags.) I PM'd and asked him to tag my fan page. He can't. Neither can I.
So I disagree with the preservation of privacy. I find that I am FORCED to use my personal profile/real name to do a lot of business that should be done in my stage name brand from my fan page. FOR the preservation fo my privacy, I am about to change over to a profile for the stage name. So frustrated.
Sep 11 Posted 3 years ago
I would love to do this! The way FB has you sign up your fan page, you have to use your personal account. If there is another way, I would love to know about it. Right now the only way anyone can "like" my page is if they are friends and that's not how I wanted to do it. I don't know how to do it otherwise. Any assistance would be helpful. Great tips on this!
Sep 5 Posted 3 years ago
Is there anywayI can transfer all the business Facebook friends page to my business fan page?
May 8 Posted 4 years ago
For a company, a brand w/ some size and scale, your reasons make sense Stephanie. Use FB to market a business, the brand w/ all the benefits you mention here -- then run it w/ a 'human' personality behind it. Like on Twitter, not hide behind the logo as people want to connect w/ people, not sales bots. But when it's a person, promoting their own business, themselves as a professional? Not quite so cut and dry.
Some consultants have built large followings, so a fan page makes sense. Some have separate pages for work, individual and work the balance. Others use a personal page and 'friend' everyone, maybe try to use the FB lists to manage their posts like you said, so the personal connections don't get overwhelmed w/ the business shares and vice versa. Some just turn on subscriptions to manage friends from followers. That mileage is gonna vary depending on what want from FB and the audience, community they work to build on that network.
Per #2, I attempt to keep FB as a more 'personal' space so - for now - I've opted not to use it for my professional promotion, my biz. Since lists only apply to status updates, not other activity like shares, comments (major fail IMO) I don't see any other option; not gonna bore F&F w/ my latest blog post nor scare off business prospects w/ an off-color comment ranting on what happened on Game of Thrones or some other 'personal' activity. I've got some professional 'friends' of course, but for me, better to keep it separate. FWIW.
May 8 Posted 4 years ago
I agree that you should invite your friends and family to become a fan of your personal page. There are a lot of people on your friends that might not be interested and that's ok. Your friends and family will be the first to "like" your fan page and that will help you increase your likes on your fan page. Hope that helps.
May 8 Posted 4 years ago
Good Post Stephanie!
I like #14
About number 2,when you said : " It can become incredibly annoying to your friends and family who are constantly seeing business updates from you" , a Menthor that I have Sarah Santacroce,from Switzerland, she told me a day: "JC on Facebook always you should start with friends and family member if you are beginer,and keeping with them"
Are you agree??
I Shared your post on Twitter & FB Page !
Have Good Day :)
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Robin Wright And Sam Worthington Head To Everest
Pair set for Baltasar Kormakur's mountaineering movie
Though director Baltasar Kormakur has already started shooting, shepherding his cast on their quest to conquer Everest, he's still recruiting new faces, and Sam Worthington and Robin Wright are the latest additions to the mountaineering drama.
Kormakur guides an ensemble that includes Jason Clarke, Josh Brolin, John Hawkes, Jake Gyllenhaal, Martin Henderson, Emily Watson and Thomas Wright around a schedule that takes in Pinewood Studios, Rome's Cinecitta Studios, locations in the Italian Dolomites and some in Nepal at the foot of the iconic rock itself.
The film adapts the story made famous by John Krakauer's book Into Thin Air, in which two separate expeditions ran into tragic difficulties with life-threatening consequences. As you may have seen from the image we debuted last month, they're not skimping on the snowy conditions for the cast.Everest is set to arrive in 3D and IMAX on February 25, 2015.


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Engineering and Technical Programs
WYDOT engineers and technical support staff perform a wide range of tasks in the course of maintaining and improving Wyoming's transportation infrastructure. At headquarters in Cheyenne and numerous field offices across the state, engineers and technicians oversee development of plans and specifications for improvement of highways, bridges and related infrastructure.
Engineering processes are also integral to WYDOT's environmental services, geology, highway safety, photo and surveys, right of way, materials and testing laboratory and other programs. In the field, resident engineering crews supervise actual construction, typically hundreds of projects annually worth hundreds of millions of dollars. Engineering and technical expertise is also used for ongoing maintenance efforts after construction is completed.
Use the links at left to access information relating the many engineering, technical and maintenance functions undertaken by WYDOT.


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What's Wrong with Government Funding of the Arts?
September 13, 2011
People who oppose Soviet-style collective farms, government subsidies to agriculture or public ownership of grocery stores because they want the provision of food to be a private matter in the marketplace are generally not dismissed as uncivilized or uncaring. But people who oppose government funding of the arts are frequently accused of being heartless or uncultured, says Lawrence Reed, president of the Foundation for Economic Education.
The fact that the arts are wildly buffeted by political winds is actually a powerful case against government funding. Art is too important to depend on politicians, too critical to be undermined by politicization. Furthermore, expecting government to pay the bill for it is a cop-out, a serious erosion of personal responsibility and respect for private property.
What multiplier?
- Virtually every interest group with a claim on the treasury argues that spending for its projects produces some magical "multiplier" effect.
- Routing other people's money through the government alchemy machine is supposed to somehow magnify national wealth and income, while leaving it in the pockets of those who earned it is somehow a drag.
- Those "studies" that purport to show X return on Y amount of government investment in the arts are generally a laughingstock among economists -- the numbers are often cooked and are almost never put alongside competing uses of public money for comparison.
Meaningful money.
- Those of us who wish to nurture the arts privately stress other, far more important values.
- Money that comes voluntarily from the heart is much more meaningful than money that comes at gunpoint.
What's important.
- Art is just about everything to some people, especially those whose living derives from it.
- But as adults we have to resist the temptation to think that what we are individually doing is somehow the greatest thing since sliced bread and that therefore it must receive more than what people willingly give it.
Source: Lawrence Reed, "What's Wrong with Government Funding of the Arts," Freeman Online, September 2011.
For text:
http://www.thefreemanonline.org/columns/ideas-and-consequences/what percente2 percent80 percent99s-wrong-with-government-funding-of-the-arts
Browse more articles on Tax and Spending Issues


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Chris Colfer at the 2011 Emmy Awards Red Carpet (PHOTOS)
Chris Colfer just keeps getting more and more handsome!
The 21-year-old Glee star stepped out on the Emmy Awards red carpet on Sunday in LA, and looked slick in a tux.
Although he is nominated for best supporting actor at tonight's festivites, we have a feeling that even if he doesn't win, he'll have a good time!
Chris tweeted:
"Getting ready for the Emmys! I'm super excited! I'm finally old enough to go to ALL the after parties! Woot-woot!"
Sounds like fun!
Stay tuned for on-going Emmy coverage!


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Top Line: Ryan Miller's Patrick Roy moment, more links
By Allan Muir
An annotated guide to this morning's must-read hockey stories:
• We've seen this before, haven't we? A proud goaltender, waving in mock appreciation as a home crowd serenades him with a Bronx cheer? Yeah, Ryan Miller seemed as tired of the First Niagara Center crowd as they were of him after a couple of brutal goals led to an 8-4 Rangers' win that ended Buffalo's playoff hopes. Very easy to see him demanding a trade after that display.
• "Yes sir, just like clockwork, you can count on Brad Richards to record a hat trick once every 896 games." That's the great lead from Larry Brooks, writing about the veteran's first career three-goal game in the rout of the Sabres.
• Like everyone else in Boston, the Penguins experienced an unusual day on Friday.
• It became apparent early on that as long as the manhunt for the bomber continued, the show could not go on in Boston. The postponement and rescheduling of Friday's game means the Bruins play their final six games in a span of just nine days.
• A struggling Milan Lucic could be benched for today's rescheduled matinee against the Penguins. That should please Bruins fans who are tired of watching him float through games.
• Mike Heika, who offers as entertaining a read as anybody out there these days, says the Stars were taught a valuable lesson in how to impose your will by the St. Louis Blues on Friday night. They probably would have preferred two points, but that lesson might pay greater dividends down the road.
• Miikka Kiprusoff said he will take his time with his retirement decision after winning what might have been his last home game in Calgary.
• Nazem Kadri should be flattered by criticism of his recent play. Damien Cox writes that it highlights the increased expectations he's created.
• With the Sens trailing the Leafs by just a point in the standings, Kadri calls tonight's Battle of Ontario game the biggest of the year.
• Matt Calvert's name might not register among casual fans, but in Columbus he's recognized as a critical part of the surging Blue Jackets. Columbus will be hard pressed to replace his speed and grit after the winger was sidelined by a broken finger.
• A win over Winnipeg on Saturday all but guarantees a playoff spot for the pesky Islanders.
• The Isles are on a 9-0-2 tear, but the Jets have authored their own five-game winning streak. They need to stretch it to six to keep their playoff hopes alive.
• What a difference a year has made for the Canadiens, who enter their final home game of the regular season with high postseason aspirations.
• Montreal writer Pat Hickey says Alex Ovechkin is is playing like an MVP candidate.
• Los Angeles coach Darryl Sutter thinks Jonathan Toews is the second-best captain in hockey. You won't believe who he ranks first.
• The Avalanche were booed off the ice by a sparse crowd in Denver last night, and noted insomniac Adrian Dater doesn't blame them. He writes that the home side phoned it in, leading to Edmonton's 4-1 win.
• Here's a surprise: Goaltending tops the list of burning issues facing the Canucks ahead of the playoffs.
• If the Red Wings hope to regain their playoff footing, they need to start scoring. Rookie Damien Brunner knows he is one of the guys who has to step up.
• The Blackhawks scored twice on the power play as they extended their winning streak to seven games with a 5-4 OT victory over the Preds.
• Erik Karlsson was on the ice with his Senators teammates on Friday, leading to the obvious question: Will he be back to play this season?
• Speaking of Karlsson, guess who's coming to town to play the Sens on Monday? No, really, guess!Record Store Day 2013


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Fleurette Carter
The Hookers / P.P.S.: Double Feature
Camp and kink abound in this sexploitation double feature, highlighting films from the late 1960s. In The Hookers, three wildly different women (including Fleurette Carter and Monica Davis) turn to prostitution for various reasons and plunge into a heartless world of sex for hire. In P.P.S. (that's short for Prostitutes Protective Society), hookers go head to head with members of the mob to protect their Times Square turf.


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Allen was one of several starters that was either injured in practice or limited because of injuries, joining safety Harrison Smith (knee) and linebacker Erin Henderson (groin soreness).
Frazier said Allen wouldn't have played in Friday's preseason opener against the Houston Texans anyway, but the head coach is holding out until after Wednesday's practice before he decides who else will be held out.
Allen was taken to the trainer's tent after the injury, which occurred in full-team drills, and limped his way to the locker room with a wrap around the ankle after practice.
Last year, Allen played in 93 percent of the team's defensive snaps, and he carries the largest base salary ($14.28 million) and salary cap number ($17.06 million) on the team.
"We'll look them over and determine whether or not we need to do an MRI," Frazier said of Smith and Allen's injuries.
Smith left practice after twisting his knee and Henderson has been mostly practicing through a groin injury for the last several days.
"It doesn't seem (that bad) just watching him move around, but you never know," Frazier said of Smith's injury. "They just said they're going to check it out to make sure."
Frazier anticipates Henderson practicing on Wednesday.
The Vikings were also missing first-round cornerback Xavier Rhodes (hamstring), weakside linebacker Desmond Bishop (groin), cornerback A.J. Jefferson (ankle) and defensive tackle Christian Ballard (groin).
"We'll see how those guys progress in the next 24 hours and see if we'll give them a shot in the ballgame Friday night," Frazier said.
"I think having signed Stanford will help us from a depth standpoint. We were lacking without Nate being able to practice, but I think having another body to practice, that helps our depth a little bit from a practice standpoint," Frazier said.
"It will be a process. That will be something we'll have to talk with his agent about and determine how this is going to go, but we'll come to a conclusion on that," Frazier said.
Tim Yotter is the publisher of Viking Update. Follow Viking Update on Twitter and discuss this topic on our message boards. To become a subscriber to the Viking Update web site or magazine, click here.


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By Joseph Labrecque
I've been wanting to take control of my personal blog theme for some time in order to both simplify how everything was being displayed, and to obtain a greater degree of flexibility over time. There are a lot of great themes out there for WordPress, and I've been fairly happy with many of those I've tried – but they still were not exactly what I wanted.
I decided to come up up with something of my own by creating a child theme of the default WordPress "TwentyTen". Seeing as how I don't need many features on here, and that "TwentyTen" is a modern design that supports all the new 3.0 features, a child theme sounded perfect. I also tend to shift these around over time, and this would allow that as well.
The first thing I did is sketch out on paper a sample of the sort of layout I was looking to create. I then created a basic measured layout in Fireworks, followed by a number of textured image segments for the navigation menu, page background, and content area. Fireworks is great for stuff like this, due to the robust texturing system available.
Dreamweaver CS5 has extended support for PHP-based CMS and blogging systems like WordPress. During prerelease, I was playing around with these features quite a bit but had actually never done any work with the final release. It's actually very convenient to be able to view and interact with the live website files (on my testing server, of course) while designing and tweaking elements of the theme. Dreamweaver can also be enabled to provide code-completion for core WordPress functionality, although I didn't need it in this case.
Most of what I did was remove a lot of the header stuff I didn't need, and create a custom navigation menu along the top of the page. The rest of the work was just a lot of CSS hack and slash to get things looking right, setting up new elements, and skinning everything with my exported images. It actually went a lot more smoothly than anticipated.
Most of the cross browser rendering checks were done on my local machine using Chrome 8, FireFox 4 beta, and Internet Explorer 8. I have other machines I could log into and check browsers like Opera or the IE9 beta, but don't have a way to test on OSX from my home. Anyone familiar with DropFolders knows the snails-pace I take when it comes to doing any Apple stuff… So I fired up BrowserLab and was able to check my basic design rendered on what must have been nearly 20 different browsers across Windows and OSX.
It is interesting to see how relatively similar the design rendered across browsers. The most trouble that I noticed was lack of support for my embedded fonts in older browsers. You can also see in the above image that we definitely have some shifting going on in regard to the positioning of elements on the page, but nothing so terrible to render the design unusable.
I'm very pleased with both the resulting design, and the simple, unified workflow involved in getting to this point. There are lots of little things that will probably come up which I'll modify in the future… but it's great to know now how very simple it will be to do so.
Check it out over at http://inflagrantedelicto.memoryspiral.com/!
I'm working on creating a child theme for WordPress using Dreamweaver as well and one roadblock I'm running into is when I use the Inspect tool and then edit the properties of a div (for example add a border, background color, etc) these edits are put in the parent theme style sheet rather than the child theme. How did you get your edits to show up in your child theme stylesheet? or did you just manually add them to your child theme stylesheet?
The inspect tool is good for testing code and getting immediate feedback. Once you've found what you want, manually add it to your child theme style.css
Make sure that your child theme's CSS and parent theme's CSS are talking correctly.
Parent should include:
@import url('css/common.css');
Child Theme should include:
/*Put it at top of doc, after author URI and tags*/
Template: [name of parent theme in lowercase]
/*Then a little further down place the following*/
/* Get Theme-Parent CSS */
@import url('../platformpro/style.css');
Hope that helps!
Hey michelle I have the same problem as yours. Did you find the way to put the codes automatically on the child theme stylesheet?


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New Woodworking Tools and New Woodworking Products
Monday, 19 August 2013 00:00
RZ MASK, made from neoprene material and equipped with an active carbon filter, filtrates up to 99.9 percent of dust and allergens while absorbing odors, according to the manufacturer.
Monday, 19 August 2013 00:00
DUST-OFF, traditionally used to clean computers and electronics, has a place in the shop, especially around CNC equipment.
Downdraft table kit
Monday, 19 August 2013 00:00
GRIZZLY has introduced a downdraft table kit, model T10699, that can be customized to meet specific needs.
Cord and hose holder
Monday, 19 August 2013 00:00
THE CORD AND HOSE HOLDER, available from Rockler Woodworking and Hardware, suspends power cords and dust hoses above a work area.
Worm-drive circular saw
Tuesday, 16 July 2013 00:00
SKIL TOOLS has reduced the weight of its new worm-drive circular saw, model MAG77LT, to 13.2 lbs.
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