text:
Opera for Windows® 7
Learn about the features and usability of Opera web browser in Windows 7.
The following points discuss the attributes about Opera and its use with Windows 7:
- Opera 10.51 to Opera 11
- Opera 11 features
- Using Opera
Opera 10.51 to Opera 11
The Opera versions from 10.51 to the latest Opera 11 are compatible with Windows 7 and work on 32 bit and 64 bit systems. Other versions compatible with Windows 7 are Opera 10.52, Opera 10.53, Opera 10.54, Opera 10.60, Opera 10.62, Opera 10.63 and Opera 11. You can opt for any of these versions, as, all the above have good running at Windows 7. The Windows 7 features like access to individual tabs, Speed Dial, Bit Torrent run very well in compatible Opera browser versions.
Opera 11 features
There are a lot of additions in Opera 11 version like improved address bar, auto-update, bookmarks bar, extensions, mail panel, lug-in loading, HTML 5 improvements, web sockets support, search predictions, speed improvements, tab stacking, pined tabs, user javascript, and visual mouse gestures. The address filed is now simpler and it can remove the complex long web address. There is option for you to view security information to get security aspect of particular websites.
Using Opera
Opera is one of the fastest web browsers among the various web browsers available today. You must choose any Opera version above 10.51 for the compatibility with your Windows 7 OS. Try to use a single web browser to avoid conflicts with other processes of web browsers. Don't add any other task bar to Opera unless it is very necessary, to protect your system against adware.

subset: commoncrawl


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sudo apt-get install pianobarThen set up a config file for pianobar (create the pianobar folder if it doesn't exist with "mkdir ~/.config/pianobar"):
nano ~/.config/pianobar/configAdd the following lines, the login details (to Pandora) are necessary for the app to function, as well as the full path to the event command file (change the username "pi" to suit your setup). See "man pianobar" for other options:
tls_fingerprint = 2D0AFDAFA16F4B5C0A43F3CB1D4752F9535507C0 user = email@example.com password = mypassword event_command = /home/pi/.config/pianobar/eventcommand.shThen just run the following command to download the eventcommand file (part of the code has been taken from Bruce Connors work with control-pianobar), make it executable and make the fifo:
cd ~/.config/pianobar && wget http://raspberrypiserver.no-ip.org/eventcommand.sh && chmod +x eventcommand.sh && mkfifo ctlIf you want you can test the setup by running the command "pianobar". You should get a message that says:
export PATH=$PATH:[path to pianobar install directory]where [path to pianobar install directory] is normally /usr/local/bin (thanks Dylon!)
git clone https://github.com/PromyLOPh/pianobar.gitInstall the dependencies:
sudo apt-get install libao-dev libmad0-dev libfaad-dev libgnutls-dev libjson0-dev libgcrypt11-devGo to the folder that pianobar was copied to (default is "cd ~/pianobar") and write:
make && sudo make installNOTE! Do NOT set up pianobar as root ("sudo make").
audio_quality = high rpc_host = internal-tuner.pandora.com partner_user = pandora one partner_password = TVCKIBGS9AO9TSYLNNFUML0743LH82D device = D01 encrypt_password = 2%3WCL*JU$MP]4 decrypt_password = U#IO$RZPAB%VX2 tls_fingerprint = B0A1EB460B1B6F33A1B6CB500C6523CB2E6EC946
control_proxy = http://165.225.xxx.xxx:80


text:
Personal blog of freelance critic Jake Cole, with exclusive content and links to writing around the Web.
Saturday, June 28, 2014
Blu-Ray Review: The Lego Movie
The Lego Movie is too scattershot and content to be the satire some claim it is, but I nonetheless find its 40-jokes-per-minute mania pleasing, and liked it as much a second time as I did the first. Kids movies tend to come with loaded Blu-Rays, albeit dully so with features that even a child has no use for. So I was happy to see, then, that Warner's put together a great package, starting with a hilarious group commentary and filled with interesting production featurettes that delve into how the movie was made. Read my full review at Slant.
Posted by Jake Cole
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This wallet is made from American Buffalo leather, valued for its durability and softness since the early days of the Great Plains tribes. The full-grain Buffalo leather is sustainably farm-raised and undergoes a vegetable tanning process that preserves the leather's natural oils and rich color and helps it become softer and smoother with age. An authentic Buffalo nickel minted between 1920 and 1938 is inlaid into the exterior of the wallet. The Buffalo nickel accounts for only one of every 25,000 nickels in circulation and is set behind a thin, transparent plastic window that helps preserve the five-cent piece and clearly displays the raised-relief details of the obverse side. The wallet has 10 credit card slots, a removable dual ID window, a zippered coin pocket, and a large bill compartment. 4 1/4" W x 3 1/2" H x 1/2" D. (2 3/4 oz.)
Lifetime Guarantee
The Genuine American Buffalo Leather Wallet comes with The Hammacher Schlemmer Lifetime Guarantee. If this product ever disappoints you, for any reason, you may return your Hammacher Schlemmer purchase for exchange, credit, or refund.
Should you have any questions, we are available seven days a week (8:00 am – midnight EST). Please call 1-800-321-1484 to speak with a specialist or email us at firstname.lastname@example.com to receive a response within three business hours or less.
May we recommend:
(based on 2 reviews)
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(2 of 2 customers found this review helpful)
By black phosphurus
from Fort Hood, texas
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OKay so I bought this walletandwas estatic to recieve it. My anticipation wasnt in the least misplaced.I love it andtwoof my buddies are extremely jealous. when theprice was finally marked down I jumped on the offer. I tradded upmy two year old pleather wallet for this one and I cannot wait to see how soft the leather gets after another two years of using it god willing.
Bottom Line Yes, I would recommend this to a friend
Was this review helpful? Yes / No
- flag this review
(1 of 1 customers found this review helpful)
Great wallet
By The Italian Stallion's Wife
from Atlanta, GA
My husband loves all the pockets which he says are convenient for retrieving his credit cards. Since there are so many pockets, he removed the insert which made it much less bulky. It's a handsome, unique wallet.
COPYRIGHT © 2016 HAMMACHER SCHLEMMER & COMPANY, INC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. W108147 E. 57th ST • NEW YORK, NY • 10022 • 1-800-_321-1484


text:
On 27.12.2012 12:06, Heikki Linnakangas wrote: > On 23.12.2012 15:33, Fujii Masao wrote: >> On Fri, Dec 21, 2012 at 9:54 PM, Heikki Linnakangas >> <hlinnakangas(at)vmware(dot)com> wrote: >>> Yes, this should be backpatched to 9.2. I came up with the attached. >> >> In this patch, if '-X stream' is specified in pg_basebackup, the timeline >> history files are not backed up. > > Good point. > >> We should change pg_backup background >> process and walsender so that they stream also timeline history files, >> for example, by using 'TIMELINE_HISTORY' replication command? >> Or basebackup.c should send all timeline history files at the end of >> backup >> even if '-X stream' is specified? > > Perhaps. We should enhance pg_receivexlog to follow timeline switches, > anyway. I was thinking of leaving that as a todo item, but pg_basebackup > -X stream shares the code, so we should implement that now to get that > support into both. > > In the problem you reported on the other thread > (http://firstname.lastname@example.com), > you also need the timeline history files, but that one didn't use "-X" > at all. Even if we teach pg_basebackup to fetch the timeline history > files in "-X stream" mode, that still leaves the problem on that other > thread. > > The simplest solution would be to always include all timeline history > files in the backup, even if -X is not used. Currently, however, pg_xlog > is backed up as an empty directory in that case, but that would no > longer be the case if we start including timeline history files there. I > wonder if that would confuse any existing backup scripts people are using. This thread has spread out a bit, so here's a summary of the remaining issues and what I'm going to do about them: 9.2 --- If you take a backup with "pg_basebackup -X fetch", and the timeline switches while the backup is taken, you currently get an error like "requested WAL segment 00000001000000000000000C has already been removed". To fix, let's change the server-side support of "-X fetch" to include all WAL files between the backup start and end pointers, regardless of timelines. I'm thinking of doing this by scanning pg_xlog with readdir(), and sending over any files in that range. Another option would be to read and parse the timeline history file to figure out the exact filenames expected, but the readdir() approach seems simpler. You also need the timeline history files. With "-X fetch", I think we should always include them in the pg_xlog directory of the backup, along with the WAL files themselves. "-X stream" has a similar problem. If timeline changes during backup, the replication will stop at the timeline switch, and the backup fails. There isn't much we can do about that, as you can't follow a timeline switch via streaming replication in 9.2. At best, we could try to detect the situation and give a better error message. With plain pg_basebackup, without -X option, you usually need a WAL archive to restore. The only exception is when you initialize a streaming standby with plain "pg_basebackup", intending to connect it to the master right after taking the backup, so that it can stream all the required WAL at that point. We have a problem with that scenario, because even if there was no timeline switch while the backup was taken (if there was, you're screwed the same as with "-X stream"), because of the issue mentioned in the first post in this thread: the beginning of the first WAL file contains the old timeline ID. Even though that's not replayed, because the checkpoint is in the later part of the segment, recovery still complains if there is a timeline ID in the beginning of the file that we don't recognize as our ancestor. This could be fixed if we somehow got the timeline history files in the backup, but I'm worried that might break people's backup scripts. At the moment, the pg_xlog directory in the backup is empty when -X is not used, we even spell that out explicitly in the manual. Including timeline history files would change that. That might be an issue if you symlink pg_xlog to a different drive, for example. To make things worse, there is no timeline history file for timeline 1, so you would not notice when you test your backup scripts in simple cases. In summary, in 9.2 I think we should fix "-X fetch" to tolerate a timeline switch, and include all the timeline history files. The behavior of other modes would not be changed, and they will fail if a timeline changes during or just before backup. Master ------ In master, we can try harder for the "-X stream" case, because you can replicate a timeline switch, and fetch timeline history files via a replication connection. Let's teach pg_receivexlog, and "pg_basebackup -X stream", to use those facilities, so that even if the timeline changes while the backup is taken, all the history files and WAL files are correctly included in the backup. I'll start working on a patch to do that. That leaves one case not covered: If you take a backup with plain "pg_basebackup" from a standby, without -X, and the first WAL segment contains a timeline switch (ie. you take the backup right after a failover), and you try to recover from it without a WAL archive, it doesn't work. This is the original issue that started this thread, except that I used "-x" in my original test case. The problem here is that even though streaming replication will fetch the timeline history file when it connects, at the very beginning of recovery, we expect that we already have the timeline history file corresponding the initial timeline available, either in pg_xlog or the WAL archive. By the time streaming replication has connected and fetched the history file, we've already initialized expectedTLEs to contain just the latest TLI. To fix that, we should delay calling readTimeLineHistoryFile() until streaming replication has connected and fetched the file. Barring objections, I'll commit the attached two patches. include-wal-files-from-all-timelines-in-base-backup-1.patch is for 9.2 and master, and it fixes the "pg_basebackup -X fetch" case. delay-reading-timeline-history-file.patch is for master, and it changes recovery so if a timeline history file for the initial target timeline is fetched over streaming replication, expectedTLEs is initialized with the streamed file. That fixes the plain "pg_basebackup" without -X case on master. What remains is to teach "pg_receivexlog" and "pg_basebackup -X stream" to cross timeline changes. I'll start working on a patch for that. - Heikki
Next: From: Noah Misch Date: 2013-01-02 14:15:03 Subject: Re: default SSL compression (was: libpq compression) Previous: From: Magnus Hagander Date: 2013-01-02 13:25:48 Subject: Re: pgsql: Unify some tar functionality across different parts


text:
Sorry, the book that you are looking for is not available right now.
We did a search for other books with a similar title, and found some results for you that may be helpful.
Sunday Times No. 1 bestseller Ian Rankin returns with his gripping new Rebus novel.
Rebus is back on the force, albeit with a demotion and a chip on his shoulder. A thirty-year-old case is being reopened, and Rebus's team from back then is suspected of foul play. With Malcolm Fox as the investigating officer are the past and present about to collide in a shocking and murderous fashion? And does Rebus have anything to hide?
His colleagues back then called themselves 'the Saints', and swore a bond on something called 'the Shadow Bible'. But times have changed and the crimes of the past may not stay hidden much longer, especially with a referendum on Scottish independence just around the corner.
Who are the saints and who the sinners? And can the one ever become the other?
About the Author
Ian Rankin is the internationally bestselling author of the Inspector Rebus and Detective Malcolm Fox novels, as well as a string of standalone thrillers. His books have been translated into 36 languages and are bestsellers on several continents. Ian is the recipient of four CWA DAGGER AWARDS and in 2004, won America's celebrated EDGAR AWARD. He is also the recipient of honorary degrees from the universities of Abertay, St Andrews, Hull and Edinburgh and received the OBE for services to literature, opting to receive the prize in his home city of Edinburgh, where he lives with his partner and two sons.
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Comments about Saints of the Shadow Bible:
Good read as always.
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Every order I have placed with Booktopia has been received promptly & satisfactorally.
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Delivered right to the door
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Comments about Saints of the Shadow Bible:
I have read all the Rebus and Malcolm Fox books Ian Rankin has written, and I would rank this one as possibly his best. It is a well-written, complex plot intertwining the Rebus and Fox characters; was a real page-turner, and I couldn't put it down. Would recommend it to anyone who enjoys a good detective story - and is a must-read for Rebus fans.
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Great service, speedy delivery.
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Always 10/10 with Booktopia....very happy with communication and service.
Series: A Rebus Novel
Audience: General
Format: Paperback
Language: English
Number Of Pages: 336
Published: 7th November 2013
Country of Publication: GB
Dimensions (cm): 23.4 x 15.5 x 2.5
Weight (kg): 0.44
Edition Number: 1


text:
In most emergencies, the first people to assist are often neighbors, friends, and co-workers. Neighbors, not professional first responders, typically perform 70% of all rescues in major disasters. The Boston Community Emergency Response Team (CERT) program trains residents to prepare for, and respond to, emergencies in their communities.
The Boston CERT program is a component of Boston's community emergency preparedness initiative, ReadyBoston, which encourages individuals to create a plan, make a kit, be informed and GET INVOLVED.
Through CERT, residents learn skills and concepts that prepare them to assist victims, organize volunteers, and help their communities recover in the aftermath of a disaster. Upon completion of the CERT program, paricipants join a team of volunteers who are ready, and able, to take action to prepare and protect their community.
For more information about joining Boston CERT, send inquiries to: firstname.lastname@example.com.


text:
DuPont has signed a multi-year lease agreement with Beijing International Flower Port to build a state-of-the-art Technology Hub for its Pioneer seed business in Beijing, China. The new facility is slated to open later this year and will employ nearly 50 researchers.
The Technology Hub will use Pioneer's global capabilities in molecular breeding to develop new high-yielding maize hybrids, which will improve the sustainability of farming in China, while enhancing food security.
"This is a further extension of how DuPont is investing in global science to identify solutions locally," said Bill Niebur, DuPont vice president and Pioneer China general manager. "Our vision is to work side-by-side with our Chinese collaborators to bring the AYT™ system together with other cutting-edge molecular breeding technologies to enhance and accelerate maize breeding in China. Through our network of research and business collaborations, we will bring superior products to market for Chinese farmers supporting the policy direction provided in China's newly released No. 1 Document."
"The presence of the project in Flower Port will further the service level of Flower Port," said Zhao Fei, vice manager of Beijing Flower Port Investment Development Center. "It will provide strong support for construction of a high-end agricultural brand and seed industry in the Shunyi district, which will boost the construction of the Beijing National Modern Agricultural Science and Technology City."
The Technology Hub will leverage Pioneer's proprietary matrix of molecular breeding technologies called the Accelerated Yield Technology (AYT™) system. The AYT™ system identifies superior gene combinations earlier in the breeding process compared to traditional methods alone.
View the news release.


text:
New tires for 2003 ZHP
Hey guys, need new rubber for my new ride, and saw this great deal, seems to have good ratings and price is def right... am I missing something? The only thing is, do they ship to authorized resellers for free, or do I have to pay the $50+ shipping no matter what if my local Tires Plus doesnt have it?
Hankook Ventus V12 evo K110
I've run a pair of V12s up front on my ZHP for 25,000 miles now. They're still in great shape (another 5-10k?), and they're excellent for the price. On the rear I run Toyo T1 Sports, and they're great, too. Definitely more wear, but also a good bit stickier. Have 15k on them now. Expect to only last until spring.
I've never ordered from these guys, so I donno.
Hankook Ventus V12s are an excellent tire. They are great quality and very affordable. Definitely a tire that I recommend to customers often :thumbsup:
No problem! If you have any other questions feel free to shoot me a PM!
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Hostelworld рекомендует
Мы обожаем этот хостел! Он вызывает наше восхищение постоянно высокими оценками и отличным качеством своей работы.
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**** Newest feature ****
Tokyo Subway Tickets (1-Day, 2-DAY and 3-DAY) are now sold exclusively at SAKURA HOSTEL ASAKUSA (for our guests only).
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September 10 SUN - September 24 SUN
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Wise Owl Hostels Tokyo
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No time for sleep
Experience Tokyo
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Unplan means:
Unplanned Travel Traveling by instinct
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Unplanned Landscape Unforeseen scenery
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Space Hostel Tokyo
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Khaosan Tokyo Origami
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・Good location (Central of Asakusa, Nearby Sensoji temple, 5mins walk from Asakusa Station)
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Khaosan Tokyo Samurai
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Our new capsule bunk beds style provide you a relaxing personal space.
You can have a calm and deep sleep in your own capsule!!
We have a... Больше...
The Prime Pod Ginza Tokyo
All cupsule type room (man and woman is separate floor)
standard rooms for men's 58 rooms ¥5800
standard rooms for women 40 rooms ¥5800
hot dog & coffee for breakfast ¥500
*******... Больше...
Stayto (former: Oak Hotel)
STAYTO provides ideal accommodation in the heart of Tokyo for a wide range of travelers with cozy rooms and friendly staff.
STAYTO offers convenient,secure services and homely atmosphere with some... Больше...
Tokyo Hostel Fuji
Tokyo Hostel Fuji!
Yes, it's close from Shinjuku (7 minutes), but not only that.
We are perfectly located if you would like to hang out in the popular local area, such as Nakano or Koenji.
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Obi Hostel
Welcome to obi Hostel!
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We are only a stone's throw from the nearest station, "Bakuro Yokoyama,&rdq... Больше...
Nui. Hostel & Bar Lounge
Nui aims at Beyond all borders.
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If you like to be alone an... Больше...
Oakhostel Fuji
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It's only 170 from Central Tokyo for 15 Min.by train.
We have just moved to a newly renovated four story concrete building near JR Kawaguchi Station.
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Khaosan World Ryogoku Hostel
New Open on April 2017!
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text:
Uncyclopedia:Pee Review/Britainy Spear
From Uncyclopedia, the content-free encyclopedia
edit Britainy Spear
Unintentionally inspired by Hyperbole, the Britainy Spear can fly without taking a break for as long as a week, or just about the same length of time you can leave this review here undisturbed if yee like. Thank you for taking it, if that be your choice. Aleister 12:05 3-5-'11
- The first image is funny because it's so badly 'chopped. —Sir Socky (talk) (stalk) GUN SotM UotM PMotM UotY PotM WotM 12:27, 3 May 2011
- With your comment I am reminded of your cold-heart and mocking tones directed at the suffering of others. There was no photochopping on the pic, it is accurate photographic evidence of a distressing moment in that man's life. Those blue lines on the ocean are tiny posts set up by fishermen, and the ragged outlines around the man's body is his soul escaping. I am distressed to have to work on the same website as you, but I have quite a few hundred hours left in my community service and must stick around. Aleister 18:52 3-5-'11
|Hey Ali...how are you? This article is a funny idea, what a fabulous idea. I dont see it at a all around funny level yet for a few reasons, while it is funny for sure...its hard to grasp the extent of the sheer amazing humour because of how confusing it all is. Though it is peppered with verry funny moments I just get way too lost. Im sorry, I didnt laugh out loud during the article. But Ill give you a run down of what I found funny. And how easily it could be to make this article funny enough to LOL.
First: the article over all, while yet, it is really funny, indirectly making fun of Britney spears through the analogy of a strange, anatomically impossible animal interspersed with a couple funny pictures and kept me smiling throughout and it has a funny cynical/parody tone throughout unfortunately upto now, Im not wowed by the article over all, its not missing much but its definitely missing a big punch in the humour and more so a clear idea/concept, Ill get to that later though.
The first paragraph, its great how you start off serious in an encyclopedic style, with a medium sized joke about BS eating a lot (which im not sure how its related to brittany spears though its absurd and funny), then having no natural enemies (which im not sure how it related to her the singer unless you are being ironic as she has tons of enemies) and ends on a great gag about having no friends. I find this a great beginning paragraph and sets a good tone for the article.
The next paragraph is a great joke about Brittanies fleeting nature and it seems well crafted. The following paragraph about her landing in a town square, for me is one of the funniest moments of the article as well as the following paragraph (continuing with the fleeting brittany theme).
Im a little lost in the next paragraph about there being 200 living in England. Is this a reference to football players? Or to what exactly. Its funny-ish but as I dont see how living in England and being protected by the prince and there being 200 of them has to do with brittany the singer and the humour is lost in the confusion. At this point im beginning to doubt if the article is about the singer or if its just some strange bird (animal).
The next paragraph is cute again, but the idea of the bird spearing human beings is kind of introduced out of no where, vaguely related to Britany Spears, and so again, the funny (and it is funny) is again lost in the confusion.
Description and Discovery: The first two paragraphs, evocative descriptions of the bird. Be careful not to let your good evocative writing interfere with the energy of the piece set up in the introduction. I like your evocative writing and its funny, but if it goes on two paragraphs it may drag down the pace a little and this is the only place in the article where this happens.
The paragraph ending in "my word", we are now talking about a guy discovering the bird in the past, which is totally unrelated to anything said before filled with entirely new ideas, nothing to do with Britanny Spears the singer and I ask myself, what is this article about...is it about Britanny Spears the singer or some made up bird with qualities that are described in a way that ramble all over the place. I also dont really find this paragraph funny, maybe there are historical references that I dont get.
In the following paragraph, it continues as such, the random sphincter comment comes out of nowhere but is a rare example of good bathroom humour in my humble opinion. It is, pretty much at this moment, the first time around that I read the article that I think, maybe this article has nothing to do with Britany Spears the singer and is about a random strange bird that will stab humans with its beak. "Check out da ladies" also funny at end of P.
The next paragraph is cute, Henry's fiancees, kind of cute, again, a new random explanation of the history of the birds existence in this world and so I feel like im lost more than laughing (why are you explaining the history of mans documentation of this bird for no apparant reason), though the "my word" at the end is funny and at least for me redeems it all.
Danger danger will robinson: In the first paragraph, danger danger reference is cute. Britany can walk right up to you, so are you referencing the person again? But then you say bloody feathers, so is it just an article about the bird? The humour is funny but again im confused so I don't laugh as much as I should. More examples of confusion: Spear uses the tip as a weapon against opponents, again I dont know if this is about the bird or the person. Perhaps both? Spear whistling, this is really funny if its a reference to the singer. I like.
The following paragraph is so random that I laugh, cause its absurd, and funny random absurd, well written, which I love even though I am as confused as I could possibly be. Last paragraph, like the previous ones, you should call your ma, nice random quack at the end of the paragraph, its funny.
The taming of the spear: This is funny like the rest of the article in that, its random and absurd and it puts a smile on my face. Still confused. Theres no particularly extra funny moment.
Regulations: This is so extra surreal that I dont even no what to think except that Im really laughing deep down inside cause you are really gifted at writing strange surreal stuff. But again, I dont know if you are referring to Britany the person (birthmark, photographing from one side) so I dont know what to think, I dont know how to laugh.
Categories: Very funny.
|I feel bad giving you a three, but I only do so, cause first, I love you dude, and second, because I dont get it. I have four theories after going over this article a few times. Either 1) its a totally random article about a bird and has nothing to do with Brittany. 2) Its an article about Brittany spears using the bird as an allegory (though in a really bizzare way). 3) Its a mixture of the two (which as it is now, doesnt work as it just served to confuse the hell out of me). or 4) You dont have any idea yourself and are just writing stuff. Of course, there could be a 5...something other than these, but it doesnt come across to me. This is all just in my humble point of view, but this article will really benefit if its clear to the reader which of these it is. Reasons why it might be about Brittany?: Birthmark, whistling (singing), the name of the article, the picture that looks a little like her, the migrating around randomly (her crazy behaviour in the past going to random parities), killing opponents/having no friends (the suffering of a celebrity). Reasons why it might not be about Brittany?: There are many random things that have nothing to do with her, like being a giant animal of which there are 200 in the UK, and being a protected species, this throws me off more than anything else. As well, the historian references in the past and the paragraph about Henry the VIII which I just dont know what any of it has to do with Britany. The ultimate problem is, if I don't know what you are really on about, the great humour that is all over it and throughout this article, is diluted, and in my humble opinion, is donea lot.
If this is just a really random absurd article, thats great, there arent enough of those articles here on uncyclopedia, but I think you should get rid of the ambiguity in that case and not reference multiple things throughout the article (like the reference to the bird multiple times in history, links to Britany the singer (even if not intended) multiple times etc... but make it truly random and absurd.
|Prose and formatting:
|Consider this only a reflection on the narrative itself. Its quite well written. Thats not a reflection on the concept and humour mentioned above. It could use more links.
|Im going to assume that these two photos are just random photos and you will put either real ones in later (i.e. chopped well) or make them relevant to the article with captions and placed strategically. Sorry, but I just don't see what you are trying to do with the second image accept show someone who looks like Britany Spears. There is also a flamingo, unrelated to a giant bird with a beak that will kill you.
|I give you ten points cause I love your writing, I assume you are going somewhere here and you are just looking for a first review.
|Final Score:
|Anyways, as you can see from everything Im written, Im basically just totally confused. Are you writing an absurd article? If so, why so many consistent references? Or are you writing an article about some made up bird and or Brittany Spears the singer? If so, make it clear which one you are doing. Your humour so far...well, its top notch for what kind of article this is in the current state it is in, but I really believe that if you can edit the article to clear up all of my problems with it, you will be able to also infuse even greater humour if not incredible humour into the article. GOOOOOD LUCK!
And thanks for ignoring the contractions wihtout apostraphes and slight spelling iregularities pall
|--ShabiDOO 02:17, May 6, 2011 (UTC)


text:
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Not for use in live animals—For use in live animals contact Promega regarding the availability of licenses. Researchers may use this product and its derivatives in their own research solely for the luminescent determination of cAMP levels in vitro or within cells (excluding uses in living animals). Researchers shall have no right to modify or otherwise create variations of the nucleotide sequence encoding the GloSensor cAMP Reporter of this product (i.e., the bioluminescent chimeric protein comprising luciferase and cAMP-binding domains). Researchers may transfer derivatives to others provided that recipients agree to be bound by the conditions of this limited use statement prior to such transfer. No other use or transfer of this product or derivatives is authorized without the prior express written consent of Promega. In addition, researchers must either: (1) use the GloSensor cAMP Reagent purchased from Promega for all determinations of luminescence activity of this product and derivatives; or (2) contact Promega to obtain a license for use of the product and derivatives in conjunction with luminescent assay reagents not purchased from Promega. Promega makes no representations or warranties of any kind, either expressed to implied, including for merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose with regards to the product. The terms of this agreement shall be governed under the laws of the State of Wisconsin, USA.
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text:
Jennifer Hannaford is a forensic scientist and an emerging contemporary artist based in New York City. Her underwater series demonstrates a fantastically refreshing new talent – marrying superb technical drawing and painting skills, with her profound understanding of the human form.
In an effort to get in touch with her innate artistic side, Jennifer began her art career with a series of mug shots created entirely with her own finger prints. She recently expanded her subject matter and style to include the underwater series.
As a forensic scientist, Hannaford experienced some of the harsher realities of human nature. Her art allows her to explore beautiful moments of the living experience frozen in time on canvas; life, ascension, and balance. Using sensibilities that were born out of her professional training in forensic science, she understands how the body feels and reacts underwater. When we look at her representational work – we can easily relate it to our own life experiences.
Born in Placerville, California in 1968, Jennifer Hannaford received a Bachelor of Forensic Science from California State University of Sacramento in 1994, and a Masters in Biomedical Forensic Science from Boston University in 2013. As a result of her studies, Jennifer understood that recovered latent fingerprints could potentially be used for the purpose of art authentication. Fascinated by this combination of art and science, her thesis focused on the recovery of fingerprint detail from the imprimatura (foundational) layer in paintings. Hannaford continues to explore this unique science while she pursues a full time painting career.
Adelman Fine Art is pleased to represent Jennifer Hannaford and share her talent with collectors worldwide.
Jen: "My nephew, Miles Hannaford, is a professional photographer and has taken most of my reference photographs for me. He has done such a wonderful job. Out of thousands of shots sometimes you find only a handful that captures a moment that I may want to translate into a painting. My models are family and friends. While many of these painted scenes are quite relaxed, these wonderful people are often in the pool for hours. It is a lot of fun, but they work hard! I have such tremendous gratitude for those who have been helping me out and have believed in me. It has been a group adventure of sorts."
Additional information
|48 x 48 in
More From This Artist
Parts Unknown
This original painting has sold. However, the artist may be able to create another similar artwork. Read about the commission process and contact us to explore further.Parts Unknown, by artist Jennifer Hannaford, is an original painting available at Adelman Fine Art Gallery in San Diego, California.
**SOLD** This original painting has sold. However, the artist may be able to create another similar artwork. Read about the commission process and contact us to explore further.Ascending, by artist Jennifer Hannaford, is an original painting available at Adelman Fine Art Gallery in San Diego, California.


text:
VAN WERT, Ohio — Colleen A. Beck, 92, of Van Wert, passed away Feb.
11, 2014, at Vancrest Health Care Center in Van Wert.
She will always be
remembered for her faithful love for her Lord and Savior. She has been
the oldest member at First Baptist Church in Van Wert which she joined
in 1945.
She was born in Paragon, Ind., on June 13, 1921, the
daughter of the late Oley and Susie Stevens. She came to Van Wert after
high school to live with her aunt when she met and married Stephen E.
Beck. They have been married 73 years. Stephen survives and lives at
Vancrest Assisted Living.
Other survivors include one son: Donald E. (Pam) Beck, two grandsons:
Steve and Brent Beck, two great-grandchildren: Ryan and Aaron Beck, all
living in Van Wert.
She was preceded in death by her grandson, Craig Aaron Beck, and her great-granddaughter, Taylor Allison Beck.
There will be no memorial services. A family gathering is planned for Thursday, Feb. 13, 2014 at Brickner Funeral Home.
Memorials are to the Vancrest Activity Fund, in honor of the wonderful, caring Vancrest staff.
Condolences may be left on our website, www.bricknerfuneralhome.com or sent to email@example.com.
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text:
A local pastor and his wife claim they were interrogated by a San Diego County official, who then threatened them with escalating fines if they continued to hold bible studies in their home, 10News reported.
Attorney Dean Broyles of The Western Center For Law & Policy was shocked with what happened to the pastor and his wife.
Broyles said, "The county asked, 'Do you have a regular meeting in your home?' She said, 'Yes.' 'Do you say amen?' 'Yes.' 'Do you pray?' 'Yes.' 'Do you say praise the Lord?' 'Ye
Couple: County Trying To Stop Home Bible Studies
Current Status: Published/No Action (12)
Seeded on Thu May 28, 2009 5:39 AM
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Synopsis 17: Concurrency
Created: 3 Nov 2013
Last Modified: 27 December 2014 Version: 25
This synopsis is based around the concurrency primitives and tools currently being implemented in Rakudo on MoarVM and the JVM. It covers both things that are already implemented today, in addition to things expected to be implemented in the near future (where "near" means O(months)).
Perl 6 generally prefers constructs that compose well, enabling large problems to be solved by putting together solutions for lots of smaller problems. This also helps make it easier to extend and refactor code.
Many common language features related to parallel and asynchronous programming lack composability. For example:
In Perl 6, concurrency features aimed at typical language users should have good composability properties, both with themselves and also with other language features.
Asynchrony happens when we initiate an operation, then continue running our own idea of "next thing" without waiting for the operation to complete. This differs from synchronous programming, where calling a sub or method causes the caller to wait for a result before continuing.
The vast majority of programmers are much more comfortable with synchrony, as in many senses it's the "normal thing". As soon as we have things taking place asynchronously, there is a need to coordinate the work, and doing so tends to be domain specific. Therefore, placing the programmer in an asynchronous situation when they didn't ask for it is likely to lead to confusion and bugs. We should try to make places where asynchrony happens clear.
It's also worthwhile trying to make it easy to keep asynchronous things flowing asynchronously. While synchronous code is pull-y (for example, eating its way through iterable things, blocking for results), asynchronous code is push-y (results get pushed to things that know what to do next).
Places where we go from synchronous to asynchronous, or from asynchronous to synchronous, are higher risk areas for bugs and potential bottlenecks. Thus, Perl 6 should try to provide features that help minimize the need to make such transitions.
Parallelism is primarily about taking something we could do serially and using multiple CPU cores in order to get to a result more quickly. This leads to a very nice property: a parallel solution to a problem should give the same answer as a serial solution.
While under the hood there is asynchrony and the inherent coordination it requires, on the outside a problem solved using parallel programming is still, when taken as a whole, a single, synchronous operation.
Elsewhere in the specification, Perl 6 provides several features that allow the programmer to indicate that parallelizing an operation will produce the same result as evaluating it serially:
hyper and
race list operators ("The hyper operator" in S02) express that iteration may be done in parallel; this is a generalization of hyper operators.
The easy things should be easy, and able to be built out of primitives that compose nicely. However, such things have to be built out of what VMs and operating systems provide: threads, atomic instructions (such as CAS), and concurrency control constructs such as mutexes and semaphores. Perl 6 is meant to last for decades, and the coming decades will doubtless bring new ways do do parallel and asynchronous programming that we do not have today. They will still, however, almost certainly need to be built out of what is available.
Thus, the primitive things should be provided for those who need to work on such hard things. Perl 6 should not hide the existence of OS-level threads, or fail to provide access to lower level concurrency control constructs. However, they should be clearly documented as not the way to solve the majority of problems.
Schedulers lie at the heart of all concurrency in Perl 6. While most users are unlikely to immediately encounter schedulers when starting to use Perl 6's concurrency features, many of them are implemented in terms of it. Thus, they will be described first here to avoid lots of forward references.
A scheduler is something that does the
Scheduler role. Its responsibility is taking code objects representing tasks that need to be performed and making sure they get run, as well as handling any time-related operations (such as, "run this code every second").
The current default scheduler is available as
$*SCHEDULER. If no such dynamic variable has been declared, then
$PROCESS::SCHEDULER is used. This defaults to an instance of
ThreadPoolScheduler, which maintains a pool of threads and distributes scheduled work amongst them. Since the scheduler is dynamically scoped, this means that test scheduler modules can be developed that poke a
$*SCHEDULER into
EXPORT, and then provide the test writer with control over time.
cue method takes a
Callable object and schedules it.
$*SCHEDULER.cue: { say "Golly, I got scheduled!" }
Various options may be supplied as named arguments. (All references to time are taken to be in seconds, which may be fractional.) You may schedule an event to fire off after some number of seconds:
$*SCHEDULER.cue: in=>10, { say "10s later" }
or at a given absolute time, specified as an
$*SCHEDULER.cue: at=>$instant, { say "at $instant" }
If a scheduled item dies, the scheduler will catch this exception and pass it to a
handle_uncaught method, a default implementation of which is provided by the
Scheduler role. This by default will report the exception and cause the entire application to terminate. However, it is possible to replace this:
$*SCHEDULER.uncaught_handler = sub ($exception) { $logger.log_error($exception); }
For more fine-grained handling, it is possible to schedule code along with a code object to be invoked with the thrown exception if it dies:
$*SCHEDULER.cue: { upload_progress($stuff) }, catch => -> $ex { warn "Could not upload latest progress" }
:every to schedule a task to run at a fixed interval, possibly with a delay before the first scheduling.
# Every second, from now $*SCHEDULER.cue: :every(1), { say "Oh wow, a kangaroo!" };
# Every 0.5s, but don't start for 2s. $*SCHEDULER.cue: { say "Kenya believe it?" }, :every(0.5), :in(2);
Since this will cause the given task to be executed at the given interval ad infinitum, there are two ways to make sure the scheduling of the task is halted at a future time. The first is provided by specifying the
:times parameter in the .cue:
# Every second, from now, but only 42 times $*SCHEDULER.cue: :every(1), :times(42), { say "Oh wow, a kangaroo!" };
The second is by specifying code that will be checked at the end of each interval. The task will be stopped as soon as it returns a True value. You can do this with the
:stop parameter.
# Every second, from now, until stopped my $stop; $*SCHEDULER.cue: :every(1), :stop({$stop}), { say "Oh wow, a kangaroo!" }; sleep 10; $stop = True; # task stopped after 10 seconds
.cue method returns a
Cancellation object, which can also be used to stop a repeating cue:
my $c = $*SCHEDULER.cue: :every(1), { say "Oh wow, a kangaroo!" }; sleep 10; $c.cancel; # task stopped after 10 seconds
Schedulers also provide counts of the number of operations in various states:
say $*SCHEDULER.loads;
This returns, in order, the number of cues that are not yet runnable due to delays, the number of cues that are runnable but not yet assigned to a thread, and the number of cues that are now assigned to a thread (and presumably running). [Conjecture: perhaps these should be separate methods.]
Schedulers may optionally provide further introspection in order to support tools such as debuggers.
There is also a
CurrentThreadScheduler, which always schedules things on the current thread. It provides the same methods, just no concurrency, and any exceptions are thrown immediately. This is mostly useful for forcing synchrony in places that default to asynchrony. (Note that
.loads can never return anything but 0 for the currently running cues, since they're waiting on the current thread to stop scheduling first!)
Promise is a synchronization primitive for an asynchronous piece of work that will produce a single result (thus keeping the promise) or fail in some way (thus breaking the promise).
The simplest way to use a
Promise is to create one:
my $promise = Promise.new;
And then later
keep it:
$promise.keep; # True $promise.keep(42); # a specific return value for kept Promise
break it:
$promise.break; # False $promise.break(X::Some::Problem.new); # With exception $promise.break("I just couldn't do it"); # With message
The current status of a
Promise is available through the
status method, which returns an element from the
PromiseStatus enumeration.
enum PromiseStatus (:Planned(0), :Kept(1), :Broken(2));
The result itself can be obtained by calling
result. If the
Promise was already kept, the result is immediately returned. If the
Promise was broken then the exception that it was broken with is thrown. If the
Promise is not yet kept or broken, then the caller will block until this happens.
Promise will boolify to whether the
Promise is already kept or broken. There is also an
cause method for extracting the exception from a
Promise rather than having it thrown.
if $promise { if $promise.status == Kept { say "Kept, result = " ~ $promise.result; } else { say "Broken because " ~ $promise.cause; } } else { say "Still working!"; }
You can also simply use a switch:
given $promise.status { when Planned { say "Still working!" } when Kept { say "Kept, result = ", $promise.result } when Broken { say "Broken because ", $promise.cause } }
There are various convenient "factory" methods on
Promise. The most common is
my $p = Promise.start(&do_hard_calculation);
This creates a
Promise that runs the supplied code, and calls
keep with its result. If the code throws an exception, then
break is called with the
Exception. Most of the time, however, the above is simply written as:
my $p = start { # code here }
Which is implemented by calling
There is also a method to create a
Promise that is kept after a number of seconds, or at a specific time:
my $kept_in_10s = Promise.in(10); my $kept_in_duration = Promise.in($duration); my $kept_at_instant = Promise.at($instant);
result is always
True and such a
Promise can never be broken. It is mostly useful for combining with other promises.
There are also a couple of
Promise combinators. The
anyof combinator creates a
Promise that is kept whenever any of the specified
Promises are kept. If the first promise to produce a result is instead broken, then the resulting
Promise is also broken. The cause is passed along. When the
Promise is kept, it has a
True result.
my $calc = start { ... } my $timeout = Promise.in(10); my $timecalc = Promise.anyof($calc, $timeout);
There is also an
allof combinator, which creates a
Promise that will be kept when all of the specified
Promises are kept, or broken if any of them are broken.
[Conjecture: there should be infix operators for these resembling the junctionals.]
then method on a
Promise is used to request that a certain piece of code should be run, receiving the
Promise as an argument, when the
Promise is kept or broken. If the
Promise is already kept or broken, the code is scheduled immediately. It is possible to call
then more than once, and each time it returns a
Promise representing the completion of both the original
Promise as well as the code specified in
my $feedback_promise = $download_promise.then(-> $res { given $res.status { when Kept { say "File $res.result().name() download" } when Broken { say "FAIL: $res.cause()" } } });
[Conjecture: this needs better syntax to separate the "then" policies from the "else" policies (and from "catch" policies?), and to avoid a bunch of switch boilerplate. We already know the givens here...]
One risk when working with
Promises is that another piece of code will sneak in and keep or break a
Promise it should not. The notion of a promise is user-facing. To instead represent the promise from the viewpoint of the promiser, the various built-in
Promise factory methods and combinators use
Promise::Vow objects to represent that internal resolve to fulfill the promise. ("I have vowed to keep my promise to you.") The
vow method on a
Promise returns an object with
keep and
break methods. It can only be called once during a
Promise object's lifetime. Since
keep and
break on the
Promise itself just delegate to
self.vow.keep(...) or
self.vow.break(...), obtaining the vow before letting the
Promise escape to the outside world is a way to take ownership of the right to keep or break it. For example, here is how the
Promise.in factory is implemented:
method in(Promise:U: $seconds, :$scheduler = $*SCHEDULER) { my $p = Promise.new(:$scheduler); my $v = $p.vow; $scheduler.cue: { $v.keep(True) }, :in($seconds); $p; }
await function is used to wait for one or more
Promises to produce a result.
my ($a, $b) = await $p1, $p2;
This simply calls
result on each of the
Promises, so any exception will be thrown.
Channel is essentially a concurrent queue. One or more threads can put values into the
Channel using
my $c = Channel.new; $c.send($msg);
Meanwhile, others can
receive them:
my $msg = $c.receive;
Channels are ideal for producer/consumer scenarios, and since there can be many senders and many receivers, they adapt well to scaling certain pipeline stages out over multiple workers also. [Conjectural: The two feed operators
==> and
<== are implemented using Channel to connect each of the stages.]
Channel may be "forever", but it is possible to close it to further sends by telling it to
Trying to
send any further messages on a closed channel will throw the
X::Channel::SendOnDone exception. Closing a channel has no effect on the receiving end until all sent values have been received. At that point, any further calls to receive will throw
X::Channel::ReceiveOnDone. The
done method returns a
Promise that is kept when a sender has called
close and all sent messages have been received. Note that multiple calls to a channel return the same promise, not a new one.
receive blocks until it can read,
poll takes a message from the channel if one is there or immediately returns
Nil if nothing is there.
There is also a
earliest statement:
earliest * { more $c1 { say "First channel got a value" } more $c2 { say "Second channel got a value" } }
That will invoke the closure associated with the first channel that receives a value.
It's possible to add a timer using the keyword
wait followed by the number of seconds to wait (which may be fractional). As a degenerate case, in order to avoid blocking at all you may use a
wait 0. The timeout is always checked last, to guarantee that the other entries are all tried at least once before timing out.
my $gotone = earliest * { more $c1 { say "First channel got a value" } more $c2 { say "Second channel got a value" } wait 0 { say "Not done yet"; Nil } }
The construct as a whole returns the result of whichever block was selected.
It's also possible to process a variadic list of channels together, using generic code that works over some set of the channels (use
* to represent any of them). The index and the received value are passed to the code as named arguments
$:k and
$:v (possibly via priming if the code is instantiated ahead of time).
earliest * { more @channels { say "Channel $:k received, result was: ", $:v } }
In this case
$:k returns the index of the channel, base 0. Likewise
$:v returns the value.
earliest construct also automatically checks the
.done promise corresponding to the channel, so it can also be used in order to write a loop to receive from a channel until it is closed:
gather loop { earliest $channel { more * { take $_ } done * { last } } }
This is such a common pattern that we make a channel in list context behave that way:
for @$channel -> $val { ... } for $channel.list -> $val { ... }
(Note that this is not a combinator, but a means for transfering data from the reactive realm to the lazy realm. Some reasonable amount of buffering is assumed between the two.)
Channels are good for producer/consumer scenarios, but because each worker blocks on receive, it is not such an ideal construct for doing fine-grained processing of asynchronously produced streams of values. Additionally, there can only be one receiver for each value. Supplies exist to address both of these issues.
Supply pushes or pumps values to one or more receivers who have registered their interest. There are two types of Supplies:
live and
on demand. When tapping into a
live supply, the tap will only see values that are pumped after the tap has been created. Such supplies are normally infinite in nature, such as mouse movements. Closing the tap does not stop events from occurring, it just means nobody is listening. All tappers see the same stream. A tap on an
on demand supply will initiate the production of values, and tapping the supply again may result in a new set of values. For example,
Supply.interval produces a fresh timer with the appropriate interval each time it is tapped. If the tap is closed, the timer stops pushing out new values.
Anything that does the
Supply role can be tapped (that is, subscribed to) by calling the
tap method on it. This takes up to three callables as arguments, the optional ones expresses as named arguments:
$supply.tap: -> $value { say "Got a $value" }, done => { say "Reached the end" }, quit => { when X::FooBar { die "Major oopsie" }; default { warn "Supply shut down early: $_" } }
The first, known as the
emit closure, is invoked whenever a value is emitted into the thing that has been tapped. The optional named parameter
done specifies the code to be invoked when all expected values have been produced and no more values will be emitted. The optional named parameter
quit specifies the code to be invoked if there is an error. This also means there will be no further values.
The simplest Supply is a
Supply class, which is punned from the role. It creates a
live supply. On the "pumping" end, this has corresponding methods
done, and
quit, which notify all current taps.
my $s = Supply.new;
my $t1 = $s.tap({ say $_ }); $s.emit(1); # 1\n $s.emit(2); # 2\n
my $t2 = $s.tap({ say 2 * $_ }, :done({ say "End" })); $s.emit(3); # 3\n6\n
The object returned by
tap represents the subscription. To stop subscribing, call
close on it.
$t1.close; $s.emit(4); # 8\n $s.done; # End\n
This doesn't introduce any asynchrony directly. However, it is possible for values to be pumped into a
Supply from an asynchronous worker. In fact, it is possible for many threads to safely pump values into a supply. In the event this happens, the callback of the tap may be executed on many threads at the same time.
Supply class has various methods that produce more interesting kinds of
Supply. These default to working asynchronously.
my $fl = Supply.from-list(^10);
Takes a (potentially lazy) list of values, and returns an on demand
Supply that, when tapped, will iterate over the values and invoke the
emit callable for each of them, and any
done callable at the end. If the iteration at some point produces an exception, then the
quit callable will be invoked to pass along the exception.
my $e1 = Supply.interval(1); # Once a second, starting now my $e5i10 = Supply.interval(5, 10); # Each 5 seconds, starting in 10 seconds
Produces an on demand
Supply that, when tapped, will produce an ascending value at a regular time interval.
Take the returned tap object and close it to stop the ticks:
my $e1 = Supply.interval(1).tap(&say); # ...later... $e1.done();
Supplies are mathematically dual to iterators, and so it is possible to define the same set of operations on them as are available on lazy lists. The key difference is that, while
grep on a lazy list pulls a value to process, working synchronously,
grep on a Supply has values pushed through it, and pushes those that match the filter onwards to anything that taps it.
The following methods are available on an instantiated
Supply (
$s in these examples):
my @l := $s.list;
Produces a lazy
List with the values of the
Waits until the specified
Supply is
done or
my $c = $s.Channel;
Produces a
Channel of the values of the given
my $p = $s.Promise;
Produces a
Promise that will be kept for the next value of the given
Supply, or will be broken when the
Supply is done before a value is produced.
my $l = $s.last(42); # default: 1
Produces a
Supply that will only emit the last N values of the given
Supply when it is
done. Default is the final value.
my $g = $s.grab( { .sort } ); # sort the values of a Supply
Produces a
Supply will grab all values emitted by the given
Supply until it is done. It will then call the given closure and then
emit each of the return values of the closure, and then
done the Supply that was produced.
my $f = $s.flat;
Produces a
Supply in which all values of the original supply are flattened.
my $seen; my $d = $s.do( {$seen++} );
Produces a
Supply that is identical to the original supply, but will execute the given code for its side-effects. It promises that only one thread will ever be executing the code object passed to it at a time; others will block behind it.
my $seen; $s.act( {$seen++} );
A special case of
Supply.do, that will also create a tap on the given
Supply, so that you only need to worry about writing the side-effect code.
my $g = $s.grep( * > 5 ); my $g = $s.grep(Int);
Produces a
Supply that only provides values that you want. Takes either a
Callable (which is supposed to return a
True value to pass on emitted values) or a value to be smartmatched against.
my $m = $s.map( * * 5 );
Produces a
Supply that provides its original's Supply values multiplied by 5.
my $m2 = $s.map( { $_ xx 2 } );
Produces a
Supply that provides its original's Supply values twice.
my $u = $s.unique( :as( {$_} ), :with( &[===] ), :expires(1) );
Produces a
Supply that only provides unique values, as defined by the optional
as and
with named parameters (same as List.unique). The optional
expires parameter specifies how long to wait (in seconds) before "resetting" and not considering a value to have been seen, even if it's the same as an old value.
my $q = $s.squish( :as( {$_} ), :with( &[===] ), :expires(1) );
Produces a
Supply that only provides sequentially different values, as defined by the optional
as and
with named parameters (same as List.squish). The optional
expires parameter specifies how long to wait (in seconds) before "resetting" and not squishing a new value with an old one, even if they are the same.
my $a = $s.max(&by); # default &infix:<cmp>
Produces a
Supply that produces the maximum values of the specified
Supply. In other words, from a continuously ascending
Supply it will produce all the values. From a continuously descending
Supply it will only produce the first value. The optional parameter specifies the comparator, just as with
my $i = $s.min(&by); # default &infix:<cmp>
Produces a
Supply that produces the minimum values of the specified
Supply. In other words, from a continuously descending
Supply it will produce all the values. From a continuously ascending
Supply it will only produce the first value. The optional parameter specifies the comparator, just as with
my $m = $s.minmax(&by); # default &infix:<cmp>
Produces a
Supply that produces the
Ranges with the minimum and maximum values of the specified
Supply. The optional parameter specifies the comparator, just as with
my $b = $s.batch( :elems(100), :seconds(1) );
Produces a
Supply that batches the values of the given Supply by either the number of elements (using the
elems named parameter) or the maximum number of seconds (using the
seconds named parameter) or both. Values are grouped in a single array element when flushed.
my $e = $s.elems($seconds?); # default: see all
Produces a
Supply that produces the number of elements seen in the given
Supply. You can also specify an interval to only see the number of elements seen once per that interval.
my $b = $s.rotor(@cycle);
Produces a "rotoring"
Supply with the same semantics as List.rotor.
my $d = $s.delayed( 3.5 ); # delay supply 3.5 seconds
Produces a
Supply that passes on the values of the given Supply with the given delay (in seconds).
my $u = $s.stable( $seconds, :$scheduler );
Produces a
Supply that only passes on a value if it wasn't superseded by another value in the given time (in seconds). Optionally uses another scheduler than the default scheduler, using the
scheduler named parameter.
my $t = $s.start( {...} );
Takes a closure and, for each supplied value, schedules the closure to run on another thread. It then emits a Supply (resulting in us having a supply of supplies) that will either have a single value emitted and then be done if the async work completes successfully, or quit if the work fails. Useful for kicking off work on the thread pool if you do not want to block up the thread pushing values at you (maybe 'cus you are reacting to UI events, but have some long-running work to kick off). Usually used in combination with
my $m = $t.migrate;
Produces a continuous
Supply from a
Supply, in which each value is a
Supply. As soon as a new
Supply appears, it will close the current
Supply and provide values from the new
Supply. Can be used in combination with
my $o = $m.schedule-on( $scheduler );
This allows a
Supply's emit/done/quit to be scheduled on another scheduler. Useful in GUI situations, for example, where the final stage of some work needs to be done on some UI scheduler in order to have UI updates run on the UI thread.
my $r = $s.reduce( {...} );
Produces a
Supply that will emit each reduction from the given
Supply, just like
reduce on
my $l = $s.lines; # chomp lines my $l = $s.lines( :!chomp ); # do *not* chomp lines
Produces a
Supply that will emit the characters coming in line by line from a
Supply that's usually created by some asynchronous I/O operation. The optional
:chomp named parameter indicates whether to remove line separators: the default is
my $w = $s.words;
Produces a
Supply that will emit the characters coming in word by word from a
Supply that's usually created by some asynchronous I/O operation.
my $c = $s.classify( {.WHAT} ); # one Supply per type of value my $h = $s.classify( %mapper ); my $a = $s.classify( @mapper );
Produces a
Supply in which the emit values are
Pairs consisting of the classification value and the
Supply to which values of the given
Supply will be emitted. Similar to
List.classify, but does not support multi-level classification.
my $c = $s.categorize( {@categories} ); my $h = $s.categorize( %mapper ); my $a = $s.categorize( @mapper );
Produces a
Supply in which the emitted values are
Pairs consisting of zero or more classification values and the
Supply to which values of the given
Supply will be emitted. Similar to
my $r = $s.reverse;
Produces a
Supply that emits the values of the given Supply in reverse order. Please note that this
Supply will only start delivering values when the given
Supply is
my $o = $s.sort(&by); # default &infix:<cmp>
Produces a
Supply that emits the values of the given Supply in sorted order. Please note that this
Supply will only start delivering values when the given
Supply is
done. Optionally accepts a comparator
There are some combinators that deal with bringing multiple supplies together:
my $m = $s1.merge($s2);
my $m = Supply.merge(@s); # also as class method
Produces a
Supply containing the values produced by given and the specified supply or supplies, and triggering
done once all of the supplies have done so.
my $z = $s1.zip($s2); # defaults to :with( &[,] )
my $z = Supply.zip(@s, :with( &[,] )); # also as class method
Produces a
Supply that pairs together items from the given and the specified supply or supplies, using
infix:<,> by default or any other user-supplied function with the
with named parameter.
my $z = $s1.zip-latest($s2); # like zip, defaults to :with( &[,] )
my $z = Supply.zip-latest(@s, :with( &[,] )); # also a method on Supply.
my $z = Supply.zip-latest( @s, :initial(42,63) ); # initial state
Produces a
Supply that will emit tuples of values as soon as any combined Supply produces a value. Before any tuples are emitted, all supplies have to have produced at least one value. By default, it uses
infix:<,> to produce the tuples, but the named parameter
with can override that.
The named parameter
initial can optionally be used to indicate the initial state of the values to be emitted.
[TODO: plenty more of these: while, until...]
These combinators that involve multiple supplies need care in their implementation, since values may arrive at any point on each, and possibly at the same time. To help write such combinators, the
on meta-combinator is useful.
on taps many supplies, and ensures that only one callback will be running at a time, freeing the combinator writer of worrying about synchronization issues.
on combinator takes a block that receives the
Supply it will generate (and return) as the parameter. That block is supposed to return list of
Pairs, in which the keys are one or more Supplies. And the values are either a
Block (to be called for each value for that
Supply), or a hash with Pairs for
done and
A simple combinator for
Pairing values from two Supplies ($a and $b), would look like this:
my $result = on -> $res { my @as; my @bs; on -> $res { $a => sub ($val) { @as.push($val); if @as && @bs { $res.emit( @as.shift => @bs.shift ); } }, $b => sub ($val) { @bs.push($val); if @as && @bs { $res.emit( @as.shift => @bs.shift ); } } } }
Thus there is never any race or other thread-safety problems with mutating the
@as and
@bs. The default behaviour, if a
Callable is specified along with the supply, is to use it for
emit and provide a default
done and
quit. The default
done triggers
done on the result
Note that the code blocks for both Supplies are identical. There must be a better way of doing this. And indeed, there is: you can also specify more than one
Supply per block. The same as above implemented using that:
my $result = on -> $res { my @values = ([],[]); ($a,$b) => sub ($val,$index) { @values[$index].push($val); if all(@values) { $res.emit( (@values>>.shift) ); } } }
Note that the block that is being called for each value from any of the Supplies also receives an index value to be able to group the values received. By default, any
done or
quit will be immediately propagated. This is basically how
zip is implemented.
Sometimes, we want the resulting
Supply to be
done only when all specified Supplies are done. This is possible by specifying a hash with keys for
done and/or
quit, instead of just a
Callable. Given an array @s with Supplies:
my $done = 0; my $result = on -> $res { @s => { emit => -> \val { $res.more(val) }, done => { $res.done if ++$done == +@s } } }
This is essentially how
merge is implemented. Note that if we don't need the index (as indicated by its absence in the signature of the
Callables), it will not be passed.
quit handler can be provided in a similar way, although the default - convey the failure to the result supply - is normally what is wanted. The exception is writing combinators related to error handling.
System events, such as signals, or mouse events, can be exposed as Supplies. Because of lack of portability, these will most likely be implemented as third-party modules.
Basic signal support is offered by the
signal function, which takes one or more
Signal enums, and an optional
scheduler named parameter. It produces a
Supply which, when tapped, will
emit any signal coming in. For example:
signal(SIGINT).tap( { say "Thank you for your attention"; exit 0 } );
would catch Control-C, thank you, and then exit. Of course, you don't need to exit immediately. Here's an example of how you would make sure that an iteration in a loop is completed before exiting:
for @todo { state $quitting; state $tap = signal(SIGINT).tap( { $quitting = True } ); LAST $tap.close; LEAVE exit(0) if $quitting; ... # code to protect }
This probably could use some syntactic sugar.
The list of supported
Signals can be found by checking
Signal::.keys, as you would any enum.
Various I/O-related things are also exposed as supplies. For example, it is possible to get notifications on changes to files or files (directly) in a directory, using:
IO::Notification.watch_path(".").tap(-> $file { say "$file changed"; });
This is quite a mouthful, so there is a shortcut available with the
IO coercer and the
watch method:
".".IO.watch.tap: -> $file { say "$file changed" };
Note that since I/O callbacks are, by default, scheduled on the thread pool, then it's possible that your callback will be executing twice on the same thread. One way to cope is with
do, and then a tap at the end:
".".IO.watch.do(-> $file { state %changes; say "$file changed (change {++%changes{$file}})"; }).tap();
Here, we are tapping it purely for the side-effects, and
do promises we will only be in that code block one thread at a time. To make this more convenient, there is also shortcut with the
act method:
".".IO.watch.act(-> $file { state %changes; say "$file changed (change {++%changes{$file}})"; });
It can also take
done and
quit named parameters; these go to the tap, while the
emit closure is put in a
do. A
Tap is returned, which may be closed in the usual way. (Note that the name
act is also a subtle reference to actor semantics.)
Starting external processes is rather easy:
run() and
qx//. Having external processes run asynchronously, is slightly more involved. But not much. The workhorse of asynchronous IPC in Perl 6 is
my $proc = Proc::Async.new( $path, @args );
If you like to send data to the process, you need to open it with the
:w named parameter.
my $proc = Proc::Async.new( $path, @args, :w );
By default, the current environment (as available in
%*ENV) will be set for the external process. You can override this with the :ENV named parameter:
my $proc = Proc::Async.new( $path, @args, :ENV(%hash) );
The returned object can then be called whenever needed to start the external process. However, before you do that, one needs to be clear what to do about the output of the external process. Getting information back from the external process's
STDOUT or
STDERR, is done by a
Supply that either gets characters or bytes.
$proc.stdout.act(&say); # simply pass it on to our $*OUT as chars $proc.stderr.act(¬e); # and $*ERR as chars, but could be any code
$proc.stdout(:bin).act: { # process STDOUT bytes }; $proc.stderr(:bin).act: { # process STDERR bytes };
So, to make sure no information will be lost, you need to create and tap the supplies before the process is started.
To start the external process, you need to call the
.start method. It returns a
Promise that becomes
Kept (and True) if the process concludes successfully, or
Broken (and False) if the process failed for some reason.
my $done = $proc.start( :$scheduler = $*SCHEDULER );
To send data to the running process, you can use the
.say and
.write methods on the
Proc::Async object:
my $printed = $proc.print( "Hello world\n", :$scheduler = $*SCHEDULER ); my $said = $proc.say( "Hello world", :$scheduler = $*SCHEDULER ); my $written = $proc.write( $buffer, :$scheduler = $*SCHEDULER );
They all also return a
Promise that is
Kept when communication with the process was successful.
Some programs expect their
STDIN to be closed to signify the end of their processing. This can be achieved with the
.close-stdin method:
Finally, if your process as going awry, you can stop it with the
.kill method:
$proc.kill; # sends HUP signal to process $proc.kill("SIGINT"); # send INT signal $proc.kill(1); # if you just know the signal number on your system
The parameter should be something that is acceptable to the Kernel.signal method.
There is no event loop. Previous versions of this synopsis mentioned an event loop that would be underlying all concurrency. In this version, this is not the case.
VM-level threads, which typically correspond to OS-level threads, are exposed through the
Thread class. Whatever underlies it, a
Thread should always be backed by something that is capable of being scheduled on a CPU core (that is, it may not be a "green thread" or similar). Most users will not need to work with
Threads directly. However, those building their own schedulers may well need to do so, and there may be other exceptional circumstances that demand such low-level control.
The easiest way to start a thread is with the
start method, which takes a
Callable and runs it on a new thread:
my $thread = Thread.start({ say "Gosh, I'm in a thread!"; });
It is also possible to create a thread object, and set it running later:
my $thread = Thread.new(code => { say "A thread, you say?"; }); # later... $thread.run();
Both approaches result in
$thread containing a
Thread object. At some point,
finish should be called on the thread, from the thread that started it. This blocks until the thread has completed.
say "Certainly before the thread is started"; my $thread = Thread.start({ say "In the thread" }); say "This could come before or after the thread's output"; $thread.finish(); say "Certainly after all the above output";
As an alternative to
finish, it is possible to create a thread whose lifetime is bounded by that of the overall application. Such threads are automatically terminated when the application exits. In a scenario where the initial thread creates an application lifetime thread and no others, then the exit of the initial thread will cause termination of the overall program. Such a thread is created by either:
my $thread = Thread.new(:code({ ... }), :app_lifetime);
Or just, by using the
start method:
my $thread = Thread.start({ ... }, :app_lifetime);
The property can be introspected:
say $thread.app_lifetime; # True/False
Each thread also has a unique ID, which can be obtained by the
id property.
say $thread.id;
This should be treated as an opaque number. It can not be assumed to map to any particular operating system's idea of thread ID, for example. For that, use something that lets you get at OS-level identifiers (such as calling an OS API using NativeCall).
A thread may also be given a name.
my $thread = Thread.start({ ... }, :name<Background CPU Eater>);
This can be useful for understanding its usage. Uniqueness is not enforced; indeed, the default is "<anon>".
A thread stringifies to something of the form:
For example:
The currently executing thread is available through
$*THREAD. This is even available in the initial thread of the program, in this case by falling back to
$PROCESS::THREAD, which is the initial thread of the process.
Finally, the
yield method can be called on
Thread (not on any particular thread) to hint to the OS that the thread has nothing useful to do for the moment, and so another thread should run instead.
The Atomic Compare and Swap (CAS) primitive is directly supported by most modern hardware. It has been shown that it can be used to build a whole range of concurrency control mechanisms (such as mutexes and semaphores). It can also be used to implement lock-free data structures. It is decidedly a primitive, and not truly composable due to risk of livelock. However, since so much can be built out of it, Perl 6 provides it directly.
A Perl 6 implementation of CAS would look something like this:
sub cas($ref is rw, $expected, $new) { my $seen = $ref; if $ref === $expected { $ref = $new; } return $seen; }
Except that it happens atomically. For example, a crappy non-reentrant mutex could be implemented as:
class CrappyMutex { has $!locked = 0;
method lock() { loop { return if cas($!locked, 0, 1) == 0; } }
method unlock() { $!locked = 0; } }
Another common use of CAS is in providing lock-free data structures. Any data structure can be made lock-free as long as you're willing to never mutate it, but build a fresh one each time. To support this, there is another
&cas candidate that takes a scalar and a block. It calls the block with the seen initial value. The block returns the new, updated value. If nothing else updated the value in the meantime, the reference will be updated. If the CAS fails because another update got in first, the block will be run again, passing in the latest value.
So, atomically incrementing a variable is done thusly:
cas $a, { $_.succ }; # $a++
or more generally for all assignment meta-operators:
cas $a, { $_ * 5 }; # $a *= 5
Another example, implementing a top-5 news headlines list to be accessed and updated without ever locking, as:
class TopHeadlines { has $!headlines = []; # Scalar holding array, as CAS needs
method headlines() { $!headlines }
method add_headline($headline) { cas($!headlines, -> @current { my @new = $headline, @current; @new.pop while @new.elems > 5; @new }); } }
It's the programmer's duty to ensure that the original data structure is never mutated and that the block has no side-effects (since it may be run any number of times).
Perl6 offers high-level concurrency methods, but in extreme cases, like if you need to implement a fundamentally different mechanism, these primitives are available.
Locks are unpleasant to work with, and users are pushed towards higher level synchronization primitives. However, those need to be implemented via lower level constructs for efficiency. As such, a simple lock mechanism - as close to what the execution environment offers as possible - is provided by the
Lock class. Note that it is erroneous to rely on the exact representation of an instance of this type (for example, don't assume it can be mixed into). Put another way, treat
Lock like a native type.
Lock is instantiated with
$!lock = Lock.new;
The best way to use it is:
$!lock.protect: { # code to run with the lock held }
This acquires the lock, runs the code passed, and then releases the lock. It ensures the lock will be released even if an exception is thrown. It is also possible to do:
{ $!lock.lock(); # do stuff LEAVE $!lock.unlock() }
When using the
lock and
unlock methods, the programmer must ensure that the lock is unlocked.
Lock is reentrant. Naturally, it's easy to introduce deadlocks. Again, this is a last resort, intended for those who are building first resorts.
Semaphore class implements traditional semaphores that can be initiated with a fixed number of permits and offers the operations
acquire to block on a positive number of permits to become available and then reduce that number by one,
tryacquire to try to acquire a permit, but return
False instead of blocking if there are no permits available yet. The last operation is
release, which will increase the number of permits by one.
The initial number of permits may be negative, positive or 0.
Some implementations allow for race-free acquisition and release of multiple permits at once, but this primitive does not offer that capability.
Jonathan Worthington <firstname.lastname@example.com> Elizabeth Mattijsen <firstname.lastname@example.com>[ Top ] [ Index of Synopses ]


text:
Five Maryland universities rank among the nation's 100 best values in public higher education, according to the February issue of Kiplinger's Personal Finance. The University of Maryland, College Park, leads the way, at No. 8 on the list. St. Mary's College of Maryland ranks No. 37, Salisbury University ranks No. 59, the University of Maryland, Baltimore, ranks No. 93 and Towson University ranks No. 97, according to Kiplinger's. The magazine uses academic factors such as SAT scores, retention rates and graduation rates and economic factors such as tuition, financial aid and average debt for graduates to rank colleges. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill ranks first.
- Childs Walker


text:
The Takeovers Panel will delay enforcing its orders that an investor in car component company CMI sell shares acquired under unacceptable circumstances pending the outcome of a review application the investor has made.
The Panel has put a stay on its final orders – other than the acquired 9.22 per cent share stake acquired not be dealt with – after the investor, Leanne Catelan and her company, Tinkerbell Enterprises, sought on February 24 to have the decision reconsidered.
On February 22, 2011, the Panel found that Ms Catelan and Tinkerbell were an associated shareholder in CMI along with the company's managing director, Raymond Catelan, Ms Catelan's father.
Mr Catelan holds 36.8 per cent of CMI shares via a trust managed by his company RP Prospects. Both Mr Catelan and his daughter are named as beneficiaries.
The circumstances of the share trading are that on November 23, 2010, Ms Catelan acquired a 9.22 per cent stake in CMI via a trust managed by Tinkerbell. Both Ms Catelan and her father are named as beneficiaries of the trust.
The Panel's final orders involve the stake in CMI held by Tinkerbell being vested in the Commonwealth on trust for the Australian Securities and Investments Commission to sell and return the proceeds net of costs to the owner, as well as that the associated parties should disclose their voting power in CMI in a substantial shareholder notice.
The final orders now remain pending the determination of the review application.
A review panel is yet to be appointed. The Panel has not yet said whether or not it will conduct proceedings on the review application.
The Australian Financial Review


text:
Each of our companies filed suit in June to address this issue. We believe we have a clear right under the U.S. Constitution to share more information with the public. The purpose of our litigation is to uphold this right so that we can disclose additional data.
On six occasions in recent weeks we agreed with the Department of Justice to extend the Government's deadline to reply to these lawsuits. We hoped that these discussions would lead to an agreement acceptable to all. While we appreciate the good faith and earnest efforts by the capable Government lawyers with whom we negotiated, we are disappointed that these negotiations ended in failure.
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WELLINGTON Academy, situated between Tidworth and Ludgershall, has improved its academic performance this year.
The improvement follows the greater involvement by sponsors Wellington College last September.
The academy is sending a record number of pupils, 49, to university, which is 70 per cent of the sixth form – twice the 2013 figure.
A-level and BTEC results at the school are up on last year, with significant gains in many areas.
The number achieving A*-C at A-level is 58 per cent, an increase on 2013, and 100 per cent achieved A*-E.
The school secured a 100 per cent pass rate for BTEC, an impressive 72 per cent of these with Distinction.
Dr Michael Milner, principal, said: "I am delighted that so many of our hard-working students are going to be heading for university this year, and congratulate all those receiving their results today.
"Since I came to the academy from Wellington College last year, the teaching, pastoral staff and I have put enormous focus on the things that make a difference to academic achievement: raising expectations of pupils, increasing their self-belief, improving standards of behaviour inside and outside the classroom and ensuring that teaching and learning at the school is the best it can be.
"We have also received good support this year from Wellington College staff who have helped some of our teachers and also run weekly Saturday schools and an Easter school to give a boost to our students in English and maths.
"There has also been a visiting student programme between the college and the academy, which I am certain has helped to boost aspirations amongst our students.
"These results demonstrate the potential there is at the academy, not just at AS and A-levels, but in applied subjects studied at BTEC, which we value highly for those students who prefer a more practical path.
"I am greatly encouraged by this excellent progress, achieved while also ensuring that the pupils received a rounded education in activities including sport, art, drama and music."
The figures include some brilliant individual performers.
Boarder Dylan Cope celebrated a phenomenal achievement with two A* grades in maths and further maths, securing a place at Bristol University to study computer science in September.
Dylan also passed the STEP maths paper set by Cambridge University underlining his exceptional mathematical flair.
Daniel Dalton, head boy, achieved A grades in maths and economics and a distinction in ICT and Business, and he will take up a place studying accountancy in Bath after a year out.
In Year 12, newly appointed head girl Alix Williams achieved three A grades in AS politics, economics and maths, and will be applying to Oxbridge this autumn, the first in the school's history.
Newly appointed head boy Matthew Bates secured A grades in AS level history and media and a B in psychology.


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Ask Health Experts and Get Answers to Your Health Question ASAP
Hello, is your stool hard?
Difficult to say as I have been taking movicol for about 5years and until recently senna(2No per day) that I stopped about a month ago and increased the movicol to 6 sachets per day-sometimes it is the consistancy of mud other times it seems like hard lumps in a liquid-as I said I have been diagnosed with neuropathy(autonomic)that previous doctors believe has gone through/into my digestive system???-thus creating mixed or wrong nerve signals
have you had a colonoscopy?
Why did you stop senna?
I was advised to by 2No consultants as they both thought it was creating futher problems and a dependancy and that Movicol on its own at a higher lever ie 6No sachets per day is a better/safer option-unfortunately nobody has been able to solve the pains on/around my rectum that as I said are frequently very severe-at present I'm taking 2No Tramadol,3600 gabapentin plus recently a 5mg morphine patch a day this latter can be increased although I am advised it will acentuate the bowl/constipation problems-I realy am at my wits end as it has gone on for so long-I have got other health issues that my be contributary
Did they do a biopsy when they did the colonoscopy?
Yes -and had more since and I was found to have prostrate cancer for which I have had treatment that appears to have been successful-also I have sleep aponea and have had a heart by pass(nearly 6years ago)-it wasn't that successful-during my time in hospital for this I contracted MRSA also it was at that time the severe constipation started with the rectal pains approx 5-6 months later.as you will realise I am diabetic hence the neuropathy-I also have an anurism that is at about 2.5 to 3mm they won't operate until it reaches 5mm-I have arthhritis and persistant bronchial and sinus problems
Sorry to hear that. What question would you like me to answer?
As per the very start- why am I suffering from rectal pains and continual constipation & bowel pains-what is it ?-I mentioned the other problems in case they have a bearing
After everything you have told me I think your problems are from the neuropathy you have that is from diabetes
This is it-I'm not confident with this analysis-its what I've been told several times but also that nobody/no doctor has come across it in the rectal area as is the case with me-and it does seem to be linked to the continual constipation viz:- its worse when the constipation is worse- also I have been taking gabapentin and/or pentagablin for over three years with no appreciable effect-which if it is neuropathy why has there been hardly any relief ???-I'm convinced something has been missed
Thanks for the reply-are there some typing errors? viz:-I don't understand sentence No3 - if it correlates with the "neuropathy?" did you mean something else and sentence No7 "doubt ?" again was this meant to be something else.
One final point that I should have mentioned previously is that I do already suffer from severe bloating and severe wind and my stools are very soft sometimes liquid presumably from the Movicol.