text:
These authors contributed equally to this work.
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).
The fragile
Genomic instability is a hallmark of human neoplasia, present in varying degrees in all stages of cancer, from precancerous to advanced cancer. Instability in the form of chromosomal instability occurs in nearly 90% of human malignancies as structural and numerical anomalies [
The FHIT gene was characterized as a cancer suppressor soon after it was cloned in 1996, though there was not universal agreement concerning its suppressor role [
FHIT: suppressor and caretaker. In response to oxidative stress, FHIT protein localizes to the mitochondria via Hsp complex where it interacts with and stabilizes ferredoxin reductase, leading to enhanced production of reactive oxygen species, stimulation of cytochrome c release and subsequent activation of the Caspase cascade under conditions of severe oxidative stress. In response to genotoxic stress, FHIT participates in the checkpoint response to DNA damage via Chk1 to commit cells to cell cycle arrest and, if DNA damage is extensive, to apoptosis. Importantly, FHIT-deficient cells are resistant to oxidative and genotoxic agents and develop preneoplastic changes.
FHIT is a member of the histidine triad (HIT) superfamily of enzymes responsible for the hydrolysis of diadenosine polyphosphate molecules, though a biological function for this hydrolytic activity is not known. The preferred substrate of FHIT is Ap3A but FHIT can also hydrolyze Ap4A, though the actual
The FHIT substrates and hydrolysis reaction. Diadenosine triphosphate and diadenosine tetraphosphate are hydrolyzed to AMP + ADP and AMP + ATP, respectively, by wild type FHIT.
In early studies it was shown that mutation of the central H residue of the histidine triad to N allowed tight binding of the FHIT-substrate complex but abrogated cleavage of the substrate [
FHIT-substrate complex as a signaling molecule. Intracellular Ap3A substrates may increase following external stimuli such as peroxide and UV light. The FHIT signaling pathway is activated when FHIT binds Ap3A substrate. Hydrolysis of Ap3A substrate into AMP and ADP, or Src phosphorylation of Tyrosine 114 and subsequent degradation may inactivate the signaling pathway.
In continuing studies of the role of FHIT in DNA damage and response pathways, Saldivar
Balanced deoxyribonucleotide triphosphate (dNTP) pool levels are essential for efficient DNA synthesis and for the maintenance of genome stability. The depletion of dNTP pools can affect both DNA replication and genome stability [
Model for FHIT loss-induced genome instability and neoplasia formation. Deletions in
Previous research has demonstrated a relationship between oxidative stress, ROS, and FHIT that ultimately results in the disruption of various cellular processes [
A number of different classes of mutations can be generated by ROS. The signature mutations generated by ROS are CC>TT substitutions that occur in tumors in the absence of ultraviolet (UV) exposure, but the most common mutation that results from oxidative damage is oxidation of guanine to form 8-oxo-2' deoxyguanosine (8-oxoG) [
In addition to a number of specific mutations that are the direct result of ROS-induced mutagenesis, loss of FHIT expression can promote expansion of FHIT-deficient cells, in selective conditions, and accompanying mutations [
Defective DNA repair mechanism(s), such as base excision repair (BER) or mismatch repair (MMR), may also have a role in the generation of mutations as a consequence of oxidative DNA damage and/or oxidative stress. BER involves the removal of a single lesion by a DNA glycosylase, followed by generation of an apurinic or apyrimidinic (abasic or AP) site [
As noted above, the
Although previous studies determined that loss of FHIT leads to DNA damage, followed by progressive genome instability, the DNA repair mechanism(s) employed by FHIT-deficient cells carrying DNA damage remains elusive. With the increase in sequencing of tumors, as described above, it may be possible to determine what kinds of mutations or mutation signature(s) occur in FHIT–deficient cells and tissues, with and without carcinogen exposure, in both early and late stages of transformation. The types of mutations seen in these FHIT-deficient cells may provide insight into types of repair used in FHIT-deficient cells.
Future research efforts will define in more detail the signal pathways affected by FHIT loss, both pathways involved in early steps of neoplastic development as well as repair pathways. Future sequencing efforts aimed at complete definition of sequence and expression alterations in selectively expanding FHIT-deficient preneoplastic and tumorigenic clones will define the various transformation pathways exploited during selective growth of the deficient cells on the way to cancer development. A main goal of this research will be to define early changes in FHIT-deficient preneoplastic cells that will provide targets to prevent progression to neoplasia.
While the FRA3B locus is highly vulnerable to DNA damage due to replication stress, the FHIT protein, paradoxically, is a tumor suppressor and genome caretaker that modulates genome stability, oxidative stress and level of DNA damage that accumulates beginning in precancerous lesions. Studies have shown the importance of the Fhit-substrate complex, as opposed to its catalytic activity, in promoting the tumor suppression signal. However, upon loss of Fhit expression, this suppression signal is lost allowing the accumulation of DNA damage due to the inherent replication stress and increased levels of ROS that are generated. The combined effects of replication stress and ROS production contributes to the increased numbers of C>T and T>C mutations that are observed in Fhit-deficient cells. Future research will provide insight into the mechanisms of Fhit-loss induced genome instability and will further characterize the types of mutations due to Fhit loss that mediate the progression from preneoplasia to cancer.
We thank Teresa Druck for preparation of figures and members of the Huebner lab for helpful discussions. Support for research in our laboratory is from grants from the National Institutes of Health (United States Public Health Service) to KH (CA120516, CA132453, CA115965).
Wrote the paper: Jenna R. Karras, Carolyn A. Paisie and Kay Huebner.
The authors declare no conflict of interest.


text:
"All Things Must Pass" is a song by George Harrison, issued in 1970 as the title track to his triple album of the same name. It was originally released by Billy Preston (as "All Things (Must) Pass"), on his Apple album Encouraging Words, after The Beatles had rejected the song in 1969 for what would become their Let It Be album. "All Things Must Pass" was influenced by the music of The Band, after Harrison had spent time in Woodstock, New York, in late 1968, following the completion of the Beatles' White Album. Timothy Leary's poem "All Things Pass", a psychedelic adaptation of the Tao Te Ching, provided inspiration for the song's lyrics.
Widely regarded as one of Harrison's finest compositions, its rejection by his former band has provoked much comment from biographers and music critics; "All Things Must Pass" has been described as "the wisest song never recorded by The Beatles"[1] and on release was viewed as a statement on the band's break-up. The subject matter deals with the transient nature of human existence, and the lyrics have been quoted frequently following Harrison's death in November 2001. Jim James, Sloan Wainwright, Yusuf Islam and Paul McCartney are among those who have covered the song.
All Things Must Pass
Sunrise doesn't last all morning
A cloudburst doesn't last all day
Seems my love is up
And has left you with no warning
But it's not always going
To be this grey
All things must pass
All things must pass away
Sunset doesn't last all evening
A mind can blow those clouds away
After all this my love is up
And must be leaving
It has not always
Been this grey
All things must pass
All things must pass away
All things must pass
None of life's strings can last
So I must be on my way
And face another day
Now the darkness only stays at nighttime
In the morning it will fade away
Daylight is good
At arriving at the right time
It's not always
Going to be this grey
All things must pass
All things must pass away
All things must pass
All things must pass away
--George Harrison
Harrison's religious life-philosophy shines through. The thing of it is you don't have to be a believer to...believe...!
All things are temporary.
"All Things Must Pass" is a song written by George Harrison. It is the title track to his triple album of the same name.
During The Beatles' Get Back sessions in January 1969, this was one of many songs the group rehearsed to be part of their new album. As the sessions progressed, the song was pushed to the side and never picked up again by the band.
Harrison recorded a solo demo of the song on multi-track tape on 25 February 1969. Harrison recorded two takes, then added extra guitar onto the second. This version was subsequently released in 1996 on The Beatles' collection Anthology 3.
The song was never formally recorded by The Beatles by the time of their break-up, though at least one informal rehearsal take featuring the full group exists.
The song underwent a number of small changes from when it was first written in late 1968. The line "a mind can blow those clouds away" was originally written as the more literal "a wind can blow those clouds away," but bootlegs from the January 1969 Beatles sessions reveal John Lennon suggesting the change to "mind" to include a bit of "psychedelia" in the song. Perspective on one line was slightly changed from "It's not always been this grey" (with The Beatles) on the demo to "It's not always gonna be this grey" (on his own) on the final recording.
When George Harrison was interviewed by VH1 in 1997, "All Things Must Pass" was one of three songs he performed (along with the Traveling Wilburys tune "If You Belonged to Me" and an early version of "Any Road").
The song was included on Harrison's 2009 career-spanning best of compilation Let It Roll: Songs by George Harrison.

subset: commoncrawl


text: The Living Language Method is based on linguistic science, proven techniques, and more than sixty-five years of experience. Languages are complex systems, but they can easily be broken down into simple components for learning. The Daily Phrase and Culture Calendars feature the book series' four top-selling languages: French, German, Italian, and Spanish. Each of these calendars includes basic words or phrases accompanied by English translations, a phonetic pronunciation guide for key words, practical examples of words in use, and an audio CD of basic phrases. Cultural theme pages about literature are featured throughout the calendars. Many Nobel laureates are famous German writers, such as Thomas Mann, Hermann read more


text:
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The development of technologies produces a profound impact
on the contemporary society. At the same time, it should be
said that effects of the wide implementation of new technologies
is dubious. On the one hand, new technologies facilitate consistently
the life of people, making it more comfortable, while on the
other hand, they expose people to new threats, which have
never been known before. In this respect, it should be said
that technological threats do not always affect physical health
or life of people, or their environment, but, contemporary
technologies also create a serious threat of the identity
theft. To put it more precisely, the security of private information
of people becomes one of the major concerns in the contemporary
world because the threat of the identity theft is constantly
growing. In fact, this is a very serious problem which affects
all people and it is hardly possible to estimate that a person
is fully protected from the identity theft since even the
largest and most secured companies cannot fully guarantee
the protection of the private information of their customers
and, therefore, people are exposed to this threat. In such
a situation, it is important to assess the extent to which
the threat of identity theft is widely spread and whether
the threat will increase in the future.
On analyzing the problem of the identity theft in the contemporary
world, it should be said that it is a relatively new problem
since the development of technologies in the past could hardly
provide opportunities for such a kind of theft (Anderson,
2002). The development of IT, Internet, computing was apparently
beneficial for ordinary people since it facilitate consistently
their life while for business the development of IT became
the basis for the unparalleled economic growth and the development
of new industries (Boyle and William, 1999). As a result,
the emergence of e-commerce and e-business was the natural
result of the development of new technologies.
At the same time, along with numerous benefits and advantageous
of new technologies and new business, the threat of the identity
theft became particularly significant. In fact, the main problem
was that society was not really prepared for such technologies
either technologically, or legally. What is meant here is
the fact that large masses of people were and, to a significant
extent still are, ignorant of possible threats they are exposed
to through the use of new technologies. People have readily
started to use new technologies but they did not really care
about the protection of their private information that naturally
increased the threat of the identity theft dramatically. In
such a way, people could be involved in some illegal machinations
online, being unconscious of possible consequences and existing
Actually, even ordinary online transactions were and still
are not totally secured. In this respect, it should be said
such a lack of security proves the technological unpreparedness
not only ordinary people but also large companies operating
in banking industry for the introduction and wide use of new
technologies. In fact, it is possible to find numerous examples
of breaches in IS of many large companies, including banks
which apparently involved the misuse of the private information
of people and, therefore, created the direct threat of the
identity theft. The existing IS proved to be not really effective
in regard to the protection of private information of people
from breaches and misuse. In this regard, some researchers
(Anderso, 2002) indicate to the fact that contemporary technologies
are insufficient to fully protect people from the threat of
the identity theft since even such traditionally highly protected
system as banking system is susceptible to breaches and misuse
of private information of customers.
Moreover, ordinary people are not less susceptible to such
a threat. It should be said that private information stored
on their PCs, for instance, as well as the information concerning
their IDs, driving licenses, etc. are not really secured and
the risk of misuse or thieving of this information is very
high. However, it is ordinary users that are the most unconscious
or ignorant of possible threats and, at the same time, they
are the most exposed to such threats. At any rate, specialists
on IT security (Adams, 1997) point out that the problem with
the misuse of private information or the identity theft occurs
not within the bank or any other company but rather on the
end-user's computer and this problem may be observed
not only in such sensitive industry as banking but in e-business
at large.
Technologically, the threat of the identity theft is clearly
identified by IT specialists. They underline that the core
of the problem may be found in the hackers' ability
to decrypt codes and obtain passwords by cracking into the
software that was downloaded on the user's computer.
In such a way, offenders can receive any information they
have and they can use them in any way they want. In such a
context, the loss of money, for instance, in the result of
elementary theft using such a technique seems to be the minor
threat compared to the risk of the identity theft since, on
retrieving all information on user's identity, offenders
can use it in their own interests (Lucas and Baroudi, 2002).
At the same time, the essence of the problem of the identity
theft is not limited to the technological domain solely. In
this respect, it is necessary to underline the fact that the
lack of legislative regulation also plays an extremely important
role. In fact, the development of legislation is, to a significant
extent, characterized by certain backwardness compared to
the development of new technologies. What is meant here is
the fact that the implementation of changes in the existing
legislation, especially in developed countries, is traditionally
a long-lasting process since the stability of legislation
and its unchangeable nature are the major factors that determine
the economic and political stability in developed countries.
In contrast, the development of technologies consistently
outweighs the implementation of legislative changes and improvements
(Lucas and Baroudi, 2002). As a result, the existing legislation
cannot fully prevent the threat of the identity theft. At
any rate, the recent efforts to prevent cyber crime on the
legislative level are important, necessary, but they are apparently
insufficient. The endorsement of the existing legislation
and the focus on the protection of private information of
people are very important but the legislative changes are
rather a reaction in response to crimes that have been committed,
including the identity theft.
On the other hand, it is obvious that the threat of the identity
theft cannot be solved on the legislative level solely. Even
the perfect legislation cannot prevent the violation of law,
if there remain ample technological opportunities for misuse
of private information of people or even for the threat of
the identity theft. In this respect, specialists (Lucas and
Baroudi, 2002) lay emphasis on the necessity of the introduction
of new IS and their constant improvement. At the same time,
the technological improvements should be focused on the security
of ordinary users, people that are the most exposed to the
threat of the identity theft (Mica, 1999). This means that
it is not only large companies that should have access to
the most effective IS, but ordinary people should be protected
too. Though, it does not mean that each individual should
be an IT professional to secure his/her private information,
for instance, instead, he/she needs to possess technology,
which could secure his/her private information effectively,
minimizing the threat of the identity theft.
Thus, taking into account all above mentioned, it is possible
to conclude that the contemporary society faces a serious
threat of the identity theft. In such a situation, the simultaneous
technological and legal improvement could, to a significant
extent, minimize this threat and decrease the risk of misuse
of private information of people.
Adams, G. TUANZ Special Report: Business-to-Business E-Business
– a New Zealand Status Report, Nov. 97.
Anderson, C. In Search of Perfect Market. The Economist, May,
2002, vol. 343.
Bloch, M., Peigneur Y., and Segev A. "Leveraging Electronic
Commerce for Competitive Advantage: a Business Value Framework."
The Ninth International Conference on EDI-IOS, Bled, Slovenia,
Boyle, M. and William, J. The Emerging International Tax Environment
For Electronic Commerce. Tax Management International Journal,
vol. 28(6), 1999.
Coyle, T. Surveys and Trends. America's Community Banker,
vol.8(9), 1999.
King, J. Shipping Firms to Exploit IT to Deliver E-Commerce
Goods. Computerworld, vol. 33, 1999.
Lucas, H., and Baroudi, J. The role of Information Technology
in Organization Design. Journal of Management Information
Systems, vol. 10(4), 2002.
Mica, D. Why E-Commerce? Credit Union Magazine, vol. 65(11),
Rasmussen, E. The Death of Retail? Sales and Marketing Management,
vol. 151(3), 1999.
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text:
Police in Ohio await results of 2,300 untested rape kits
CLEVELAND — Police agencies across Ohio have sent more than 2,300 untested rape kits to a state crime lab for testing that could potentially help solve hundreds of sexual assault cases, with some dating back decades.
Attorney General Mike De-Wine encouraged Ohio's nearly 800 law enforcement agencies to clear their testable sexual assault evidence off shelves in December 2011 after media reports that many kits remained in storage.
An analysis of data from the Ohio attorney general's office indicates police departments statewide could face about 850 potential cases resulting from DNA matches when all submitted kits are tested, The (Cleveland) Plain Dealer reported on Sunday.
Officials say some reasons older kits were not tested include costs, protocols limiting what was tested and a lack of understanding about the value of DNA evidence.
Nearly half of the kits submitted came from the Cleveland Police Department, which could have about 390 potential cases when all the currently submitted data is tested. Cleveland police Chief Michael McGrath said he plans to add up to two more detectives to the unit handling those cases and get assistance from the FBI, if needed.
Matches don't automatically mean a rape case is solved, but they can give detectives investigative leads, confirm original suspects or identify serial rapists. Officials also point out that some of the older rape cases could run up against a 20-year statute of limitations that would prevent prosecuting them.
DeWine helped secure federal funding in 2003 to help departments catch up with testing the kits. He estimated then that there were 3,000 kits going back to 1993 to be tested. He called it "infuriating" that victims were enduring rapes and intensive examinations to gather evidence— only to have it sit on shelves.
Now, with Cleveland alone announcing it had more than 3,700 untested kits going back as far as 1991, DeWine said that "it's sad that we are still trying to catch up."
DeWine says the state crime lab now is processing up to 100 kits a month. Of those tested by the state's Bureau of Criminal Investigation & Identification, 103 had usable DNA evidence and DNA from 65 matched with DNA profiles now in state or federal databases. But more investigation will be needed to see whether the evidence can help solve cases or not.


text:
Name: Abigail
Hometown: Indianapolis
Major: Bio-Chem
Grad Year: 2015
Why attend MU: I came here to play basketball. I immediately loved the small campus and the attention we are able to get from professors with smaller classes.
Favorite thing: I love the campus community. There are so many opportunities for involvement and new friendships.
Never expected: I didn't expect to be involved with so much early in college. At MU there are so many different organizations to become a part of from day one.
I found: At Manchester University, I found direction. The opportunities given to me, by chance or success, thus far while at MU have given me a strong foundation to tackle whatever lies ahead.


text:
Dr. Philip Otterness, Department Chair
The History and Political Science Department has several overarching goals. First, we wish to nurture within our students a sense of educated skepticism (not cynicism) toward the accepted truths of politics, government, and history. Second, and closely related to the first goal, we want students to understand that history and political science are disciplines based on informed argument. Third, we encourage students to see the complexity of the world's politics and history, meaning that a critical, sophisticated, and educated approach is necessary for the mature understanding of the issues of these disciplines. By emphasizing these goals, we hope our graduates will leave Warren Wilson College as engaged and active citizens, who understand the importance of politics and the interplay of history in the world that they inhabit and shape.


text:
SECOND ANNUAL PORTSMOUTH SUSTAINABILITY FAIR - May 9, 2009
The City of Portsmouth, Portsmouth Listens, the Portsmouth School District and the Piscataqua Sustainability Initiative are planning the first annual Portsmouth Sustainability Fair to take place on Saturday, April 19, 2008, from 10am – 4pm at the Portsmouth Middle School.
The fair will feature exhibitors, speakers, an organic food court, a scavenger hunt, and more. The goals are learning and action: visitors will be able to walk away with several things they can do to make their community more environmentally sustainable, whether it's reducing waste, supporting local businesses or reducing dependence on fossil fuels and synthetics.
PLEASE BRING AND DONATE ONE OF SEVEN SPECIAL RECYCLABLES: Cell phones, ink cartridges, old clothing and shoes, books, eye glasses, lithium batteries, and electronic devises. The cell phones and ink cartridges will help raise funds for Sexual Assault Support Services, who will be staffing our entry gates. Old clothing and shoes will be donated to Planetaid. Eye glasses will be recycled to needy families and lithium batteries will be properly disposed of and kept out of landfills. Here's the best deal of all - there is no fee for recycling electronic devices including old computers, TV's, or just about anything else you plug into the wall (except no appliances or items containing refrigerants like air conditioners).
More information about this City sponsored event :


text:
Archinect - News 2017-07-20T10:35:29-04:00 http://archinect.com/news/article/34860827/a-new-cycling-superhighway-not-in-the-u-s-a A New Cycling Superhighway. Not in the U.S.A. Archinect 2012-01-17T19:00:00-05:00 >2012-01-19T11:30:19-05:00
The proposed bicycle superhighway would, in addition to four lanes (2 in each direction) have exits but no intersections, two types of wind protection (low bushes as well as solid fencing) periodic bicycle service stations, and would take eight years to complete. Total cost of the superhighway is estimated to be about 50 million Swedish crowns (US$ 7.1 million).

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/loose.dtd"> <meta>


text:
Eat Like an Athlete
Whole Foods Market Jacksonville: Events
Monday, June 24, 2013 from 6:30 PM to 7:30 PM (EDT)
Who's Going
San Francisco, California
London, United Kingdom
Florence, Italy
Event Details
Cost: $15
Are you an exercise enthusiast with a monster metabolism? Our own Healthy Eating Specialist, Heather, demonstrates dishes that will fill AND fuel you! On the menu: Overnight Oatmeal with Hearty Toppings, Lasagna Rolls with Vegan Ricotta & Fresh Tomato Sauce and Chia Pudding with Coconut. Space is limited & pre-registration is required. Please reserve your spot no later than Sunday, June 23.
Please reserve your spot online in advance and pay the registration fee at customer service approximately 5-10 minutes before class. A receipt and/or wristband is required for admittance.
When & Where
Whole Foods Market Jacksonville
San Jose Blvd
Monday, June 24, 2013 from 6:30 PM to 7:30 PM (EDT)
Add to my calendar


text:
Dear Caz:
In your other post you mentioned that you have scoliosis. From my research, it has often been that people with two different pelvic angles such as you are describing have scoliosis.
As the acetabulum is not in the center of rotation for the innominate bone of the pelvis, the rotation causes a functional differring of leg lengths. This puts the body on a slant or slope. Which, in turn, causes compensations which lead to scoliotic patterning.
Hope that you find this helpful.
Best regards,


text:
Coca-Cola in India
Select one of the cases presented between pages 232-266 of Luthans and Doh (2012). The case options include
Coca-Cola in India
review the case, and then prepare a Reflection Paper. Which details appear to be significant about the
case? Here are more details about a Reflection Paper. After you finish reading the case you select, reflect on the concepts and write about them. What do you understand completely? What did not quite make sense? The purpose of this assignment is to provide you with the opportunity to reflect on the case you finished reading and to expand upon those thoughts. If you are unclear about a concept, either read it again or ask your professor. Can you apply the concepts toward your career or your experiences? How?
This is not a summary. A Reflection Paper is an opportunity for you to express your thoughts about the material by writing about them. The writing you submit must meet the following requirements:
At least one page BBA 4426, International Management 5
Your thoughts about the main topics
Additional thoughts about the case
Format your Reflection Paper in your own words using APA style, and include citations and references as needed to avoid instances of plagiarism.
Answer rating (rated one time)
coca-cola in india
body preview (3 words)
coca-cola in india
file1.docx preview (379 words)
COCA-COLA xx xxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxx xx India
xxxxxxxxx in xxx developing countries has many setbacks xxx large corporations. The xxxx of coca-cola xxxxxxxxxx in India has xxxxx xxxx weight xx xxxx statement. The xxxxxxx xxx faced xxxx a lot xx xxxxxxxx from the local politicians in the xxxxxxx xx a result of claim xxxx xxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx a pesticide. Despite xxxx xxxxx xxx a xxxx large xxxxxxxxxxx a small xxxxxx can easily influence the consumption xxxxx among the people. This xx one factor that xxx coca-cola xxxxxxx xxxxxx have xxxxx into consideration xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxx accusations. xxxxxxx that xxx drink was xxxxxx in a xxxxxxx xxxx the report xxxx later xxxx xxx accusations had xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxx Considering xxxx xxx xxxxxxxx xx xxxxx had xxxxxxx a xxx on the product'x manufacture, reintroducing xx xxx xxxxxxxxx xx the xxxxxx xxx definitely x xxxx xxxx for xxx xxxxxxxx People xxx not xxxxxxxx xxx recommendations of xxx xxxxxx xxxx the xxxxx
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Try it before you buy it


text:
Digital Hadid - Landscapes in Motion
By Patrik Schumacher
Zaha Hadid has been a persistent radical in the field of architectural experimentation for the last 20 years. The importance of her contribution to the culture of architecture lies primarily in a series of momentous expansions - as influential as they are radical - in the repertoire of spacial articulation available to architects today./Patrik Schumacher
The book describes the transition from drawing to computing in the work of Zaha Hadid. The hallmark of Zaha Hadid's early work was the innovation and expansion of graphic media to be utilized as new design techniques. On this basis a new architectural language and conception of space was developed.
The analog techniques employed - like interpenetration, isometric and perspectival distortion, dynamic bending and warping - anticipate the possibilities currently offered by advanced animation software. Intermediate techniques like distortion and "smearing" using the xerox machine established a fertile ground for the quick assimilation of the new digital tools in the process of form finding.
The book elaborates on a series of recent projects where various digital techniques have become an essential ingredients of the project development.
Zaha Hadid is the 2004 Laureate of the Pritzker Architecture Prize.
Patrik Schumacher is director and project partner at Zaha Hadid Architects and co-director of the master degree program "Design Research Laboratory" at the Architectural Association School of Architecture in London.
The book is part of a series by Antonino Saggio, "The Information Technology Revolution in Architecture", reflecting on the effects the virtual dimension is having on architects and architecture in general. Each volume will examine a single topic, highlighting the essential aspects and exploring their relevance for the architects of today.
Publisher: Birkhauser
Last updated: December 19, 2013
See also
Zaha Hadid Architects
Minimalist Architecture
Gehry Draws


text:
Scottish Chamber Orchestra / Robin Ticciati - Berlioz: Les nuits d'été; La mort de Cléopâtre (2013) {HD Tracks}
Artist: Scottish Chamber Orchestra / Robin Ticciati
Title Of Album: Berlioz: Les nuits d'été; La mort de Cléopâtre
Year Of Release: 2014
Label: Linn
Genre: Classical
Quality: FLAC (Tracks)
Bitrate: Lossless {24bit/96kHz}
Total Time: 01:05:41 min
Total Size: 1,11 Gb
WWW: allmusic
Many aspects of this Berlioz release might be controversial if considered on their own. Conductor Robin Ticciati and the Scottish Chamber Orchestra nod in the direction of historically informed performance with rather dry, largely vibrato-free strings. The words "chamber orchestra" don't naturally come to mind in connection with Berlioz, and there's the suspicion that performing him this way has budget-cutting at its root. You might say they're a bit underpowered in the love music from Roméo et Juliette and the early cantata La mort de Cléopâtre, and the voice of mezzo-soprano Karen Cargill doesn't quite blossom at the top as desired in that somewhat over-the-top work. You might feel that there's a British restraint about the whole operation that misses the point of Berlioz. And none, absolutely none of it matters, for Cargill's marquee performance of Les nuits d'été is breathtaking. She absolutely nails the deliberate sensuousness of this work, the hovering sense of mystery, the vocally punishing long lines. The sheer beauty of Cargill's voice is worth the price of admission by itself. That beauty never sacrifices elocution at its own altar, and it develops into a series of distinct shades for each of Théophile Gautier's poems, including the uncanny "Au cimitière" (At the Cemetery, track 5). The scale of Ticciati's performances also works in this somewhat more intimate (for Berlioz) piece, and Linn's engineers, working in Edinburgh's Usher Hall, deliver superior clarity. Whatever you think of all the rest of it, this is one of the best recordings of Les nuits d'été available.
Les Nuits d'été Op. 7
1. Villanelle (2:18)
2. Le spectre de la rose (6:12)
3. Sur les lagunes (5:50)
4. Absence (4:45)
5. Au cimetière (5:32)
6. L'île inconnue (4:03)
7. Roméo & Juliette Scène d'amour (16:58)
La Mort de Cléopâtre
8. Scène lyrique (9:57)
9. Méditiation (10:06)
Download link:
Links are Interchangeable - No Password - Single Extraction
Mirror Links
Author: upload113


text:
Site Rebuild Underway
Dec.20, 2010 in Uncategorized
Hi All,
According to my web host my old site got 'hacked', although I never saw any evidence of it. Apparently something on the webserver backend was trying to start random services like syslogd. They strongly advised me to move off e107, so I'm going to give wordpress a go. It's very… pretty…
Over the Christmas break I'm planning to transfer as much as I can over.
Merry Christmas.


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Remember the "ate" words
Jul 25 2014
Yesterday it was announced that more stores have been affected by a nation-wide listeria fruit recall. These stores include Costco, Kroger, Walmart, Sam's Club, Whole Foods Market, Trader Joe's, Ralphs, and Food 4 Less. The fruits being recalled include peaches, nectarines, plums, and pluots that were packaged at Wawona Packing Co. in Cutler, CA.
The CNN article in regards to the recall says that listeria was found on two nectarines and one peach and it is unclear how the fruits were exposed.
Aside from wanting to spread the word about the possible listeria outbreak and help consumers be informed, this also provided us with today's BuzzLine challenge.
If you were advisor to Brent Smittcamp, president of the packing company that tested positive for listeria, what would your six-word PR action plan be?
Your answers may look something like:
Give us your six-word PR crisis action plan in the comments below. Your PR expertise could earn you a $5 Starbucks gift card (and who knows – maybe even some business from Mr. Smittcamp).
Shalee Hanson serves as the marketing operations and social media specialist in Padilla's Minneapolis office. She manages the Padilla brand across multiple social media platforms and works with practice group leaders across the agency to execute marketing initiatives year round. Shalee graduated from Iowa State University with a degree in Journalism and Mass Communication, and has a variety of experience in consumer, B2B, health, and the food and beverage communications industries. When she's not working, Shalee enjoys trying new things. From foods to hobbies Shalee tries to live life with a "try everything once, twice for good measure" mindset and she is always ready for a new adventure.
Remember the "ate" words
Not exactly what you're looking for, but I have a tagline for them:
"Listeria — it's the pits!" Get it? Peaches, plums? 🙂
Be fully human. Apologize and fix.


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The New York Mets and Matt Harvey have had a disagreement for a few weeks about how quickly the star pitcher should rehab from his surgery. Harvey wanted to throw off a mound last month, aiming to make 5-7 starts with the Mets before the season concluded. The Mets and their medical staff felt that Harvey was moving too fast and have held him back in the interest of playing it safe. Scott Boras, Harvey's agent, agrees with the Mets approach.
Boras told ESPN New York that he feels the typical rehab from Tommy John Surgery should not last 10-12 months as it does now. Boras argued that the best medical information shows that a pitcher is the most effective after a rehab period of 14-16 months following surgery. Most pitchers have been rehabbing to get back on the mound within a year, and it hasn't always worked out well. Several pitchers have even needed to undergo Tommy John surgery a second time, a fate the Mets are trying to avoid with Harvey.
Harvey underwent surgery on October 22, 2013, and if he followed Boras' time table he would definitely be sidelined for the entire 2014 season. Harvey would, however, be ready for spring training next season. While Boras argued that elite pitchers benefit from a more conservative approach to their rehab, he nonetheless applauded Harvey's desire to get back on a mound as soon as possible.
The Tommy John surgery dilemma is a problem throughout the major leagues. The Mets have three pitchers who underwent the procedure in the last year: Harvey, Bobby Parnell, and Jeremy Hefner. Hefner is the closest of the three to returning, having completed an inning in a rehab game with the Gulf Coast League Mets earlier today. Other big name starters to suffer UCL tears this season include Marlins' ace Jose Fernandez, Diamondbacks' pitchers Patrick Corbin and Bronson Arroyo, and Yankees' phenom Masahiro Tanaka.
The big craze is figuring out how to prevent these talented young pitchers from having to undergo the surgery so frequently. Boras advocated stronger innings limits, primarily by having a pitcher start his professional career between 100-110 innings a year and going up by no more than 10 innings per year if they fit a high velocity profile. Whether it involves changes at the major league level or at youth levels, the Tommy John epidemic is a huge problem for baseball.Tags: Baseball, Matt Harvey, MLB, New York, New York Mets, Scott Boras, Tommy John surgery


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Barclay Holiday Vocal Arts Celebration - The Intercontinental New York Barclay
Hours: Weeknights in December through Christmas, 5:30-7:30pm
Ages: All
111 E. 48th Street - 212-755-5900
Manhattan, NY 10017
Description: New Yorkers and visitors can celebrate the sounds of the season with live holiday music in the hotel's festive lobby. Vocal groups like The Big Apple Chorus, The Renaissance Street Singers, and the Stonewall Chorale will fill the Barclay lobby with two 45-minute sets of joyful melodies. Now in its second year, the Barclay Holiday Vocal Arts Celebration has evolved into the city's most comprehensive hotel vocal arts series with its broad array of accomplished choral metropolitan area ensembles. The Barclay Bar & Grill's Executive Chef Serge Devesa offers holiday foragers and revelers deliciously-festive dining options including holiday feasts prepared with natural, organic, and local ingredients. An eclectic array of organic hot and cold fresh-pressed apple drinks and cocktails and an extensive Calvados collection are available at The Barclay Bar. Call 212-906-1400 or 212-906-3144 for reservations or visit www.intercontinentalnybarclay.com/dining.


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The monthly employment report for September was released this morning and the number that gets attention is minus 95,000. But that's not the most significant number. Why? Because the government shed 159,000 positions, mostly temporary Census workers, distorting the figures.
The most relevant number continues to be private sector job growth. The good news is the streak is alive. The private sector has added jobs every month in 2010 and in 10 of the past 11 months dating back to November 2009. The bad news is that the pace of new jobs in the private sector isn't enough to rev up the economy. There were 64,000 new jobs added in September, based on initial estimates, and the August and July figures were revised upward to 93,000 and 117,000, respectively.
What do all those numbers mean? In the context of 14.8 million people unemployed and another 9.5 million people that are working part time even though they'd rather work full time, you can see that the current pace just isn't going to move the needle on unemployment.
Even for those with jobs, the growth in income is anemic. Average hourly earnings increased just 1.7 percent in the past year, and only one cent -- yes, one penny -- in the past month. Not exactly a recipe for consumers to start spending, is it?
With unemployment high, job growth still sluggish and incomes stagnant, consumers will continue to clutch their pocketbooks tightly. Interest rates will remain very low and if the Federal Reserve has their way, will go even lower. This type of employment report only underscores the idea of the Fed printing more money to pump into the bond market and drive interest rates lower. But that doesn't mean people will be any more willing to borrow.
Want to see the big (financial) picture? Get the top financial stories of the week in your inbox. Subscribe to Bankrate's Weekly Roundup.


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Exercise Four Minutes a Day and Lose Weight
Dr. Michael Mosely of Great Britain gained public attention with a diet book that advocated fasting for two days a week and eating whatever you want for the other five.
Now he's back in the spotlight advocating an exercise regimen of working flat-out-hard for 20 seconds, taking a 10 minute rest, another 20 seconds, a 10 second break, and another 20 seconds. So basically in a minute and a half you can get all your daily requirements for exercise in. He claims his blood sugar level is lower, as is his cholesterol and blood pressure.
Sound too good to be true?
What Dr. Mosley apparently stumbled in to is his own variation of Tabata exercise, which was developed by a Japanese physician who was studying speed skaters in 1995. The Tabata method, taught in fitness centers around Houston, involves 20 seconds of 100% intense workout, a ten second break. "20 seconds on going super hard core, and then ten seconds rest, says Trisha Jackson, owner of Cross-Fit Memorial Houston. Repeat that pattern eight times. Four minutes in total.
Danelle Parson with Orange Shoe Personal Fitness says they do a lot of functional training with free weights, stability balls, medicine balls, and ropes to teach people how to activate their core.
A growing coterie of fans swears by it.
"There's actually an app called a Tabata timer," says Trisha Jackson. "It beeps for you so you don't have to be looking at your phone and can go hard for 20 seconds and rest for 10 seconds afterwards."
"The 20-second interval is the best little interval you can do. You can give it 100%, it really boots your metabolism, it gets your heart rate up, it overloads the muscles, and you get tremendous results just from doing a few 20 second intervals each day. My goal is get people to do about 4 minutes or 8-20second intervals, says Spenser Larson, co-creator of "20-Second Fitness."
Always check with your physician before you begin an exercise regime, and then check around to find a fitness center you're comfortable with that offers a variation of Tabata.


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Indestructible Fedora
2 Recommendations
KikiZoe86's recommendation
Fedoras will never go out of style, or at least I hope they won't. They seem to come back generation after generation, so that means they must be worthwhile fashion accessories! I love this lightly colored fedora, and I love the ribbon band which adds a touch of girl-iness. Oh, and did you notice that it's indestructible? Try it out!
Jeanisteal's recommendation
$19.99(Was $34.00) Pack it, sit on it, do whatever and it will keep on looking fresh - it's indestructible (within reason, people!). Woven fedora, complete with a tonal ribbon band. Imported. Spot clean. * 22" circumference * Woven raffia fiber SKU #15564115
My Collections:


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Mr. Galiher thanks for your reply. I have solved the situation by manually
reconnecting to the domain. My explaination: I switched the NIC cards to
DHCP, then RightClicked on MyComputer, Selected properties, then "Computer
Name " tab, the "Change...", Then selected the "Domain" radio button, then
entered my "Domain name", clicked "OK" after reboot I logged in but made sure
that the "Log onto:" line was visible and selected my domain form the drop
down list. Irt booted up into the domain and users had their desktops and
setting back.
Again thans to you and all who have assisted here.
"Cliff Galiher - MVP" wrote:
> When you chose to move the computers from a domain to a workgroup, you
> removed the password for the computer account from the computer. So there
> is no *simple* way to revert to the previous configuration for the clients.
> You will have to use the connect wizard to join the the domain.
> With that said, it sounds like your essential concern is with preserving
> user profile settings. THAT can be done even while using the wizard. That
> is, in fact, an option during the join process. So in that regard, you are
> covered.
> -Cliff
> "Popinator" <Popinator@newsgroup> wrote in message
> news:8150A7CC-78CE-4CAC-A2E5-BCB433130552@newsgroup>
> > We had a large problem (previous post "SBS 2k3 sp2 problem after power off
> > "posted May13 I posted my solution there). I was forced to set up a peer
> > to
> > peer network inorder to keep us runningand take care of our clients. Now
> > that
> > I have the server back up again I was wondering if there was a way ro
> > reconnect to the SBS2k3 SP2 network without using the
> > //server/connectcomputer setup. To set up the peer to peer I went through
> > the
> > properties of my computer and changed from a domain to a workgroup, then
> > set
> > the nic cards to static ip addresses (192.168.0.xx) of my temp network. on
> > one machine I tried to undo what I had done (changed the IP address to a
> > static on the SBS network, 192.168.16.xx, then My Computer, Properties,
> > Computer name and went from a workgroup to a domain. seemed to hookup,
> > told
> > me I was now a member of the mynetwork domain. restarted but was unable to
> > log in said it could not find the mynetwork domain.). I would like to be
> > able
> > to reconnect to the SBS network without the users loosing their pervious
> > settings? Can anyone help? Thanks in advance.


text:
Corsair Raptor K40 Keyboard Reviewby E. Fylladitakis on 4/10/2014 6:00 PM EST
50 Comments
Back to Article
SodaAnt - Thursday, April 10, 2014 - linkI have two different mechanical keyboards, and I've never even paid the same amount as this keyboard for them. I'd much rather get a barebones mechanical keyboard than a full featured but mushy keyboard. At the end of the day the point of a keyboard is to hit the keys, and rubber domes don't do a very good job at that. Reply
EnzoFX - Thursday, April 10, 2014 - linkSame here, would never get or recommend something like this. With great mechanical ones going for ~$60 (Looking at Coolermaster, but not Rosewill) there's just no point in these mushy ones for me. Reply
cbrownx88 - Thursday, April 10, 2014 - linkWhats wrong with the Rosewill's? I have two of the RK-9000's, one blue for work, browns for gaming at home, and they're wonderful.
No gimmicky features, full NKRO, and HEAVY. Sounds like a wonderful recipe to me Reply
Ammohunt - Monday, April 14, 2014 - linkI own two rosewills myself with Cherry red switches best money ever spent on a keyboard..clickity clack. Reply
CleavonBuford - Wednesday, April 23, 2014 - linkAin't a thing wrong with the Rosewill mechanical keyboards. I've got an RK-9100 MX Blue (blue backlighting too) and it is fantastic. I got it on sale so I paid about $85-90 for it. Money well spent. I love the clickity clack. Reply
chrome_slinky - Saturday, May 10, 2014 - linkThere are MANY complaints on Newegg about the Rosewill Mechanical keyboards. They seem to have a mini-USB connection on them, and it gets difficult to keep the keyboard plugged in.
Had there only been a few of these, I might have purchased one, but there are more than a few, and I really don't like to return things, especially when some of those people have stated that because the problems set in after 30 days use, Newegg was not helpful whatsoever, and Rosewill was difficult to deal with. Reply
Mr Perfect - Saturday, April 12, 2014 - linkYeah, no kidding. There's clearly a market for boards in between bottom of the line $12 throw-aways and the expensive mechanicals, but an $80 rubber domer isn't anywhere near that. That's more then some mechanicals! Reply
Alexey291 - Saturday, April 12, 2014 - linkGaming with a mech keyboard is often considered to be very awkward (I share that view). Typing with a loud and clicky keyboard always feels silly (especially if you're not some shut-in and have others in your household).
Oh and mech keyboards usually hold minimal extra features yet present manufacturers with amazing margins.
Great deal for us consumers all in all. Reply
LordOfTheBoired - Sunday, April 13, 2014 - linkNot all microswitched keyboards click.
And I doubt the profit margins on microswitched keyboards are that much larger than their rubber-domed brethren. I'd wager the situation is actually the opposite in most cases, just because materials and assembly costs are so insanely low for a rubber-dome keyboard. Reply
Mr Perfect - Sunday, April 13, 2014 - linkRight, there are people who will want something like this, but why the hell is it $80? It's entirely made of plastic, macro keys are par for the course, and there's no mention of NKey. Something like this would probably be worth $40 or maybe $50 if you really wanted the customizable backlighting. Reply
Alexey291 - Monday, April 14, 2014 - linkOh I agree - this thing is a pointless oddity that shouldn't really exist xD
But then again its Corsair so... Reply
artifex - Sunday, April 13, 2014 - linkI think it's more than I paid for my K60, after rebate at least. Reply
thomas-hrb - Thursday, April 10, 2014 - linkI agree with @SodaAnt. I have lighting turned all the way down on my keyboards to avoid being distracted. I like to play in a darkened room and have the screen brightness set to allow me to experience as wide a dynamic range as possible. Blacks need to be black and even the smallest amount of contrast when you are in a dark tunnel gets obliterated by the keyboard backlighting. IMHO if you are a gamer worth your salt, you do not need backlighting on your keybaord or mouse to know where they are or how they function. Looking at your peripherals instead of the screen will only get you killed. Reply
cbrownx88 - Thursday, April 10, 2014 - linkAmen - looking down is for... console gamers or something... lol Reply
ShieTar - Friday, April 11, 2014 - linkDepends on the game I think. Just hitting WASD and a few surrounding triggers is one thing, but text-chatting in an MMO is quiet another thing. Personally I would love to have a switchable light with a dimming option, but sadly MS refuses to give me a version of the Natural 4000 with this feature. And after a decade of getting used to it, I don't want to switch to another Keyboard anymore. Reply
shellls - Thursday, April 10, 2014 - linkI bought this keyboard for $40 AR. At that price it's a very good keyboard. Reply
inspire2 - Thursday, April 10, 2014 - linkYou can get a unicomp with Buckling Springs for $80. Monoprice sold a bare bones Cherry MX blue for $54. I don't know what the market is for this board, but its clearly not going to get me to buy it at that price. If it was say $29.99 then maybe. Reply
Impulses - Thursday, April 10, 2014 - linkPaid $80 for my Corsair K80 a few years ago, thru a combination of MIR and Newegg instant discount. Still enjoying it but probably wouldn't have paid more than $100 for it, Ducky was my second choice... I've bought and gifted Rosewills for like $60, granted with no backlight, but $80 for a membrane board does seem steep... Wonder what the BoM on it is. Reply
rpmrush - Thursday, April 10, 2014 - linkI recently switched to a Rosewill RK-9200 with reds. Fully mechanical and dual backlit. I do use the backlighting at night. Does help if you lose your way during a heated battle. Super hyped on adrenaline..looking down is faster than scrambling to find your way. But hey...I'm just a seasoned PC gamer who lacks the ego of most...I guess I'm a vaj for looking down. Reply
7amood - Thursday, April 10, 2014 - linkThe basic design has a lot of similarities to Logitech G710+.
The only problem I have with the G710+ is that I keep hitting G1 instead of Esc. I tried to teach myself to ignore the G1, but this only led me to hit the F1 key by mistake. Disabling the G1 from the software doesn't help that much. I wish the extra G1-6 keys were detachable. Reply
MrPete123 - Thursday, April 10, 2014 - linkSome of these new keyboards are cool and all, but has anyone made a mechanical switch keyboard with a layout similar to Microsoft's Natural Ergonomic Keyboard 4000? I used to be a ergonomic keyboard naysayer until I started needing one :) Reply
2kfire - Thursday, April 10, 2014 - linkThis.
I've read Jarred's reviews and I think the TECK would work best for me but I don't know how long it would take to get used to the relocated enter, Ctrl, backspace, etc. Plus the wife would probably hate it!
The natural on the other hand, would be great, were it not for the mushy keys! Reply
Splendor - Saturday, April 12, 2014 - linkThis is the holy grail for me. For some reason when people make a split ergonomic keyboard they go crazy with the layout. I wish someone would just make a simple ergonomic split keyboard with a standard layout and mechanical keys. Reply
LordConrad - Thursday, April 10, 2014 - linkI have two Unicomp Classic keyboards and I love them. They're big, sturdy, and I can use them as a weapon when I'm not typing. :-) Reply
pierrot - Friday, April 11, 2014 - linkaw man i thought the mx rgb had arrived when i saw this article Reply
ol1bit - Friday, April 11, 2014 - linkLOL 36KB of onboard memory! Wow less than my Atari 800 had in 1982! Really, with sd ram costing less than $1 per gb retail, why even show you have 36K of memory? Stupid. better to list what functions you can do than the amount of memory you have. Reply
lilkwarrior - Friday, April 11, 2014 - linkI think a Das Keyboard 4 Pro or a Dak Keyboard 4 Ultimately needs to be reviewed on AnandTech to give the German company their due with their elite keyboards. They're releasing this month.
It'd be interesting how the Corsair Raptor K40 compares to that. Reply
QChronoD - Friday, April 11, 2014 - linkI'd have to say that it looks like this keyboards biggest selling feature is that it will be super easy to clean. Since all the keys are raised up and there aren't walls around the edges crumbs and dust should fall right out with a little compressed air or a swab of some type. Reply
Impulses - Friday, April 18, 2014 - linkYeah, that side of it is a little underrated, I love it. Looks real sharp too. Reply
mr_tawan - Friday, April 11, 2014 - linkPersonally I prefer keyboard with shallow key travel (not too shallow like surface's type cover), as I can type faster with less afford. I like keyboard that has keys similar to hi-end laptop, but laid out like the standard PC keyboard.
I don't know if there's such keyboard with shorter travel or not. Can someone suggest ? Reply
aliasfox - Friday, April 11, 2014 - linkApple's wired desktop keyboard uses the same keys as their laptops, but with a full layout (num pad, full size arrows, pg up/pg down keys). I prefer their older keyboards (and Thinkpad keyboards), but this one's not bad. The aluminum base also means it types more firmly than many keyboards with a plastic base.
Hope this helps. Reply
Beany2013 - Wednesday, April 16, 2014 - linkI concur on the Apple keyboards, although you might want to look at getting a second hand one, as the prices new are hilariously high (at least in the UK).
I've been using a 2008 Macbook as my daily hack for a few years now and I'm completely at ease with the layout and key depth - it's a very nice mix.
I got myself an MS natural keyboard for my desktop, which is nice, but I've found that I take a bit of time to get used to it again after a day at work (dealing with other keyboards - I'm a techy), whereas with the Macbook I can just drop straight back in at full speed; so there's clearly something about a flat/straight layout that my hands like, even if my wrists will no doubt complain about it in a few more years time! Reply
smithrd3512 - Friday, April 11, 2014 - linkWonder how it compares to my old IBM PS/2 101 Keyboard. Its from the 80's and still works. Reply
Hrel - Friday, April 11, 2014 - linkI reviewed the K60 and it was the best keyboard I've ever used. No missed keystrokes at all, ever. Reply
pjargon - Friday, April 11, 2014 - linkSure would be nice if someone would make a quality keyboard like this in an ergonomic form factor Reply
liffie420 - Friday, April 11, 2014 - linkAm I the only person who finds it odd that on the design of the board itself it appears as though the keys are hovering above the plane?? You know typically most keyboards mechanical or not that I have seen typically have the keys semi recessed so you don't have the full height of the individual keys exposed. Maybe I am just bonkers who knows, it does look like it would make cleaning easier though. Reply
ggathagan - Friday, April 11, 2014 - linkOther than their low-end Raptor LK1, this is Corsair's design standard for all of their keyboards.
It's actually counter-productive for the backlighting.
The lighting that comes from underneath each key overpowers what comes through each key, making it less useful, since the keys don't stand out. Reply
Beany2013 - Wednesday, April 16, 2014 - linkAcer did something similar with their keyboards a few years back, and then stopped doing it, because it was just *awful* to type on.
This one looks to be a rather different (and rather better) animal.
But those Acer 'floating island' keyboards - oh, the horror, the wobby, inaccurate horror. Reply
Impulses - Friday, April 18, 2014 - linkSince the stems for mechanical keys are more sturdy this behaves entirely different than those Acer keyboards, it's no different than a regular mechanical tbh, metal plate's in the same place (maybe just raised) and the sides are gone. It's a really nice feature IMO, I'm surprised it hasn't been copied, I don't even mind the splash out look of the backlight. Reply
Earballs - Friday, April 11, 2014 - link"That said, quite a few gamers tend to prefer non-mechanical switches"
Most gamers have never tried a mechanical keyboard. Reply
JarredWalton - Saturday, April 12, 2014 - linkI was actually at a CES meeting with a keyboard company and one of the reps (an avid gamer) was emphatic that he would rather have a good non-mechanical for gaming, but that for typing he still prefers mechanical. It's not unheard of. I do think you need to be at a pretty high level in terms of gaming skills before the keyboard makes that much of a difference, but finger fatigue from longer key travel is certainly possible. Reply
Tal Greywolf - Saturday, April 12, 2014 - linkI personally have the Corsair Raptor K30 Keyboard, which is similar to the K40 save that it has only one color (red). I bought it for several reasons: One, I wanted something that would be comfortable for me to use on a daily basis. Two, I wanted something that would hold up to my typing habits and yet be comfortable (I currently have to deal with a broken wrist). And finally, I wanted something reasonably priced (it was $45).
Frankly, while I might have grown used to a mechanical keyboard, the K30 has done just fine for what I use it for, which is NOT gaming. And while I know the focus around here tends to be for gamers, there are those of us average users who would find this keyboard perfectly fine, and save the $$ for other things. Reply
crimson_stallion - Sunday, April 13, 2014 - linkIn all honesty I really don't get the fascination with mechanical keyboards at all.
Read all the hype, bought one. Used it for about 6 months and I tried my absolute best to find excuses to like it but I just couldn't bring myself to enjoy using it. After about 6 months of using the most expensive keyboard I had ever bought, I threw it away and got a Logitech G510 which has kept me happy ever since.
I had a Razr keyboard (the one with the blue backlight, can't remember the model) so maybe it was just a bad model. Really frustrated the hell out of me though. Reply
kevith - Sunday, April 13, 2014 - linkI just don´t get what´s so fantastic about thes mech keys.They are way, way too high. It´s impossible to write fast and there´s errors in typing all the time, because you have to lift the fingers so ridicously high up in the air to hit the next letter.
And then the noise. And the price.
Luckily we´re all different, but it´l never be a choise of mine. Reply
jabber - Sunday, April 13, 2014 - linkOkay will this keyboard suffer from the issue that my old back lit Saitek gamer keyboard did? Basically if you are one of those people that doesn't bite your fingernails the keycaps wear off pretty quick and it looks a mess. Reply
payton2037 - Sunday, April 13, 2014 - linkStart a Second Income™with the company that's first with Internet entrepreneurs!
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http://www.sfi4.com/14161637/FREE Reply
philipma1957 - Monday, April 14, 2014 - linkI did a review on this for Newegg. Not bad for typing. Not really a gamer keyboard and leaving out a usb port was cheesy price saver. Reply
Mr Alpha - Wednesday, April 16, 2014 - linkThis paragraph is really weird:
" Although this picture is wrong in a number of ways, it depicts a simple truth: the number that a human can differentiate from one side of the visible wavelength to the other is between five and twenty colors. Females can usually differentiate more colors than males, although not to the level that the above picture depicts. The keyboard does allow you to select from millions of combinations, but most people will never care to choose a color outside the eight basic color settings provided by the software."
While it is probably true that most people will be satisfied with one of the eight per-programmed colors I fail to see what that has to do with differences in color perception between the sexes or what that in turn has to do with the number of colors seen in pure wavelength light. Reply
erple2 - Saturday, April 19, 2014 - linkI think that the point being made was despite having access to millions of colors, people are going to settle for one of the eight presets. Also once you have picked a color, particularly given that you can't do per key colors, you're probably going to keep that one color. So why the hype for 16+ million? Despite being able to name many more colors, I still tell my wife that her blouse is green or blue or pink, not one of the sub colors. Reply
dorekk - Saturday, June 21, 2014 - linkI'm pretty sure humans can distinguish a hell of a lot more than twenty colors... Reply


text:
Power 10 / Keith McShea ranks the best of the fall season
1. Clarence cross country. Red Devils boys and girls both No. 1 in large school polls, with the boys seventh in the state in Class A and the girls 10th. The boys ran away with the KnoXC Invitational title Saturday in East Aurora, while the girls were second by the slimmest of margins (more on that later).
2. Jamestown football. Red Raiders are 5-0 with at least 50 points each week. Call the 5-0 for this crime: Jamestown continues to be robbed in state AA poll (14th).
3. Sweet Home football. Great past week for the Panthers: PrepTalkTV appearance Thursday, 65th straight win vs. WNY at Grand Island Saturday, moved up to No. 1 in state Class A poll Tuesday.
4. Clarence girls swimming. It tells you something when this Red Devils program posts routs against historically strong programs. Earlier it was OP (125-61). On Tuesday it was Williamsville North (139-47).
5. St. Mary's girls volleyball. Unanimous No. 1 small school Lancers won at unanimous No. 1 large school Orchard Park last week before performing well at prestigious Garden State Challenge.
6. Canisius boys volleyball. Host Section V power McQuaid today at 6:30; week from today they're at No. 2 St. Joe's.
7. East Aurora cross country. Boys ranked 10th in state in Class B, and girls are No. 1. Girls won epic showdown with Clarence on Saturday on tiebreaker (sixth runner). EA had better total team time – by 0.87 seconds (!).
8. Randolph football. No. 1 in the state in Class D might not have a tough game for a long while.
9. Williamsville East boys soccer. Takes on St. Joe's as part of an outstanding Super Monday lineup at Nichols (EA-Akron and Akron-Canisius too).
10. Williamsville South and Lockport girls soccer. Undefeated Billies have four first-place votes in large-school poll, undefeated Lions have two.
Honor roll: Clarence and Akron boys soccer; Sacred Heart girls golf; Nardin girls soccer; Orchard Park girls volleyball; Amherst field hockey; Canisius and Burgard football (Bulldogs are tonight's PrepTalkTV guest); Williamsville North, Starpoint, Eden and Barker boys golf; Lockport girls tennis; Williamsville South gymnastics.


text:
Bone Detectives
Student interest fuels joint program in forensic anthropology
A forensics class excavates a skeleton in a test exercise
Sifting for evidence, from left, Lauren Smyser, Jennifer Hackforth and Brooke Ward are enthusiastic students of forensic anthropology
Students like Jenn Abreu, left, praise the hands-on lessons with experts like instructor William Belcher, of the military's Central Identification Laboratory
Turn on the TV and you're bound to catch one, complete with dead bodies, blood drops, skulls, bullet holes. Popular shows from CSI to Crossing Jordan incorporate or focus on forensics. A hot new University of Hawaiʻi program also draws on the subject, but students say it was the love of bones, not the current TV craze, that got them hooked.
The recently approved certificate program at UH West Oʻahu and Leeward Community College prepares students to enter a growing field—forensic anthropology. Forensic anthropologists apply standard scientific techniques developed in physical anthropology to identify human remains and assist in the detection of crime. These bone detectives determine age, sex, ancestry, stature, trauma and unique features from skeletal, badly decomposed or otherwise unidentifiable human remains. They are often in charge of the recovery of human remains and serve as expert court witnesses.
West Oʻahu's first forensic anthropology course was offered in 1999. It was taught by Tom Holland, director of the U.S. military's Central Identification Laboratory, located at Hickam Air Force Base as part of the Joint POW/MIA Accounting Command. Students flocked to the new field, says Suzanne Falgout, West Oʻahu professor of anthropology. One of the first was Lauren Ware.
"As strange as it may sound, I have been interested in forensic anthropology my whole life," the 2002 West O'ahu graduate says. "As a child I routinely broke my toys, buried them in my backyard, and then 'excavated' them." Still, luck had a hand in pointing her toward anthropology as a profession when the only class that fit an opening in her schedule was physical anthropology. "On the first day of class I remember thinking, 'I can't believe people get to do this stuff for a living!' I was hooked. I am a scientific type of person, constantly observing and asking why. I genuinely want an answer," she says.
As demand grew, West Oʻahu and Leeward faculty members partnered to develop the Certificate in Applied Forensic Anthropology. The CAFA program was approved in 2005 and launched in fall 2006. It includes courses in biology, anthropology, archaeology, forensic investigations and criminal procedure.
"The development of CAFA was definitely student driven," says Falgout. It wasn't idle interest. Central Identification Laboratory Deputy Science Director Robert Mann describes CAFA students as enthusiastic and mature. "They can't seem to get enough of forensic anthropology and crime scene investigation. One of the things I like about the students is they're not afraid to ask questions."
Forensic anthropology is becoming more popular around the world, Mann says. "It's a discipline that lets us reconstruct past events based on evidence. People are always surprised to see how much we can tell about someone from their skeleton. It's like reconstructing a three-dimensional puzzle—the more pieces you can put together, the more complete the picture." Identity can be determined from a handful of bones—even if they have been broken up, burned and scattered, he says.
Just the program for Leeward graduate Jennifer Hackforth. She was attending West Oʻahu, planning to major in psychology, when a physical anthropology class with Leeward Professor Grace Miller triggered memories of a sixth grade assignment to reassemble a mouse's skeleton. "I loved that project and I got an A." Even back then, she says, she had a fascination with bones.
Brooke Ward's epiphany was similar. After taking Holland's forensics investigation class, forensic anthropology became her passion. So much so that her husband calls her a forensic groupie.
In CAFA, basic academic courses taught by West Oʻahu and Leeward instructors are augmented with forensic anthropology classes taught by personnel from the Central Identification Lab. CIL is the largest and most prestigious forensic anthropology lab in the nation, Falgout says. "Our students are learning from the best in the field."
There are only 62 certified anthropologists in the United States and Canada, and CIL has 6 of them. Primarily known for identifying missing soldiers, CIL's expertise is sought for other identification efforts as well, including work at the Pentagon after 9-11 and in Louisiana after Hurricane Katrina. Hackforth says she couldn't ask for better instructors, though she doesn't know how they manage it. "They work in the lab all day, and then they shoot over here and teach classes at night." In addition, they could be deployed, and they travel to other states to conduct training.
Ward took Mann's advanced techniques class this spring. "We're given a case to investigate, and then we have to present our argument of the victim's age, ancestry and more," she says. Mann even set up a mock crime scene for students to excavate.
"We aren't learning just from textbooks. We get to learn about the instructors' cases, see their pictures, hear their stories," says Hackforth. Forget what you see on TV, adds Ward. "This is definitely not CSI. Investigators are on their hands and knees going over an area. They don't just walk around and spot something."
Real-world experience gets even more hands-on with the certificate's practicum requirement. Both Hackforth and Ward are interning at CIL. Ward helped identify objects found with World War II remains from the lab's synoptic collection. The collection consists of material, such as parachute parts, straps, rivets and shoes, that is brought back from the field and stored. Once a case is closed, the lab keeps the best samples to use as reference items in identifying materials from new cases. Hackforth is inputting information from CIL case files into a database. When complete, the database will be used to determine how accurate CIL anthropologists are in determining characteristics such as age, race and height.
"Everyone at the lab is great," Ward says. "They are always willing to sit down with you if you have questions. They really want you to learn and to keep current." CIL staff provide the interns with as many different opportunities as possible. Ward rode along when the Honolulu medical examiner's office requested CIL assistance. The experience quickly lets you know if you can deal with soft tissue or should stick with bones, she says. "It didn't bother me as much as I thought it would."
CAFA helps prepare students for a number of jobs, including criminalists, crime scene and evidence technicians, forensic anthropologists and archaeologists. Forensic skills are very desirable; those who have them can work with death investigators, coroners and medical examiners. "The future of forensic anthropology and crime scene investigation is in the hands of students like those attending UH West Oʻahu and Leeward," says Mann.
After graduating from West Oʻahu, Ware was commissioned in the Air Force and became a federal agent for the Air Force Office of Special Investigations. "What I love best about my job is how dynamic and different each day is, how challenging solving a case can be and the huge sense of satisfaction I feel when justice is done," she says. After completing an accelerated master's of forensic science at George Washington University, she will be stationed in Japan as the forensic science consultant to all Air Force installations in Asia and the Pacific. She will respond to scenes that require specialized forensic techniques, attend autopsies, train field agents and provide consultation on the more complicated death, sexual assault and drug investigations.
"I absolutely loved my experience at West O'ahu," Ware says. Although she graduated before the certificate was available, she daily uses skills she learned in anthropology classes. "Investigations are inherently scientific—I observe, I form a question, I hypothesize an answer, I test that answer, I gather data and evaluate whether that answer is an accurate conclusion. What is the scientific process if not an investigation into a scientific question?"


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About BASIS
What is BASIS?
Bay Area Scientists in Schools (BASIS) is a science and engineering volunteer program for over 100 public elementary schools in Berkeley, Oakland, and West Contra Costa County. We offer teachers and students the opportunity to interact with real-life scientists and engineers, while digging into hands-on science and engineering activities. We also help volunteers learn to communicate their research to a broader audience, and share their love of science with the next generation!
With the support of over 500 volunteers, BASIS aims to:
- Connect a diverse range of scientist volunteers to elementary school students and teachers
- Inspire students with examples of real-world science careers and issues
- Engage students in hands-on, inquiry-based learning experiences
- Create effective teaching links between scientists and public elementary schools
How Does BASIS Work?
CRS works with BASIS volunteers from UC Berkeley and from Bay Area labs, workplaces and homes to bring hands-on science lessons to local elementary schools.
We train scientists and engineers on fun, hands-on lessons from our Lesson Plan Archive, which we help volunteers tweak around their specific STEM interests. We also help volunteers get set up with all the materials they need to teach, and we train them on classroom management and communication. Volunteers have the option of teaching in a team (which we can help you form), or going solo. Experienced volunteers also have the option to be trained to develop a new lesson of their own.
Once scientists are trained, they select dates and times they're available to visit classrooms to make lesson presentations. CRS handles all the scheduling logistics to fit scientists' availability. Teachers are invited to sign up for presentations as they become available.
As a volunteer, you'll join over 500 BASIS volunteers in learning how to effectively communicate science and engineering ideas to students. You'll get practice in explaining your research to young minds, and you'll make an important broader impact with your work!
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- Still have questions? Check out our FAQ page for more information, or email the BASIS Program Manager.
If you are part of a student group at UC Berkeley and are interested in getting a specialized group orientation, email our Program Manager at email@example.com.


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The Bow Street Runners-- small group of volunteer, non-uniformed homeowners
--established in 1750 by Henry Fielding to "take Thieves."
--In "taking thieves" they would hurry to the scene of a crime and begin an investigation,
--the first modern detective force.
--In 1752, Henry Fielding began publishing "The Covent Garden Journal"
--Published as a means of circulating the descriptions of wanted persons.
Metropolitan Police Act of 1829
Why did the British public object to the use of detectives following the Metropolitan Police Act of 1829?
--French citizens had been repressed under centralized policing.
--In England there was fear that the use of "police spies" (detectives in plain clothes) would reduce civil liberties.
--In 1833 a Sergeant Popay was dismissed from the London Metropolitan Police because he infiltrated a radical group, acquired a leadership position, and advocated violence.
Why did the office of detective in this country basically evolve in the private sector?
--50 years (roughly 1850-1900)
--Were the only consistently competent detectives available in America and provided a good model for gov't. detectives
--Operated on variety of fronts:
--Pinkerton's TM was an open eye above the slogan, "We never sleep"
--A rogues' gallery consists of photographs of known offenders
--Arranged by:
What parallels can be drawn between Allan Pinkerton and J. Edgar Hoover?
--Both understood the importance of:
--written in 1893 by Hans Gross
--The first major book describing: the application of scientific disciplines to criminal investigation.
--Translated into English in 1906 under the title of "Criminal Investigation"
--It remains highly respected today as a seminal work in the field
What is anthropometry
--Anthropometry developed by Alphonse Bertillon
--As a means of personal identification which rested on a system of body measurements.
--Based on idea that "every human differs from every other one in the exact measurements of their body, and that the sum of these meas
What are the milestones in the development of dactylography? (timeline) 1 of 6
16. (1906) Faurot obtained the theft conviction of "James Jones" by the use of fingerprints.
17. (1917) Argentine government seized all of Vucetich's records and forbade him to do further work
Why does the Henry classification enjoy greater use than Vucetich's system?
--1917, the Argentine government seized all of Vucetich's records and forbade him to do further work from protests for fingerprinting
--1925 Vucetich died a disappointed man
--Henry was what was then the world's most prestigious police organization and huge support of his country
--Vucetich's loss of support in his country + Henry's success = Henry classification system would become adopted virtually world-wide
What are six different human sources of DNA material identified in 1st chapter?
--1985, research by Alec Jeffreys and his colleagues at Leicester University, England led to the discovery that portions of the DNA structure of certain genes are unique to individuals, as are fingerprints.
Of what significance is the Palo Verde Seedpod case?
--First case in which "genetic fingerprinting" was applied to plant evidence in a criminal case.
What are the milestones in the development of firearms identification? 1 of 4
--A criminal investigator must know the rules of evidence because upon that person's shoulders falls the responsibility to collect and preserve evidence that will be useful to the prosecutor in presenting the state's case in court. The investigator must be able to distinguish between factual material which will be admissible in court and that which is worthless as evidence.
--is anything that logically tends to prove or disprove a fact at issue in a judicial case or controversy. Anything that might have the slightest bearing on the outcome of a case can broadly be classified as evidence.
--is the combination of all the facts; all the evidence used in determining guilt or innocence of one accused of a crime.
deals with the verbalization of facts, in court, of which witnesses have knowledge.
is the essence of the rules of evidence that protect the trier of fact from hearing or seeing improper evidence that may be unreliable or untrustworthy and that may prejudice the case unjustifiably against the defendant.
deals with the nature of the evidence and determines whether it has a bearing on the issues in the case being tried.
concerns the significance or importance of relevant evidence and determines whether such evidence might have a bearing on the outcome of the case.
relates to the legal significance of evidence to the case and whether, in accordance with the rules of evidence, it is appropriately allowed to be heard or seen by the jury.
is a determination as to whether witnesses are legally permitted to testify about information they possess. By law, certain individuals may not be permitted to testify because of factors such as age, physical or emotional condition, or relationship with other parties involved in the case.
is a most important consideration and deals with the believability of the evidence as determined by the trier of fact. Weight then equates with believability and is determined by the persuasiveness of the individual delivering the evidence and the substance of the evidence itself.
a combination of all the elements of a crime.
refers to the testimony of witnesses that ties the defendant directly to the commission of the crime, such as the testimony of an eyewitness who can positively state that the defendant committed the crime.
or physical evidence is connected with the commission of the crime and can be produced in court.
does not acknowledge all the facts surrounding the crime necessary to constitute guilt but does admit to certain facts or circumstances from which guilt may be inferred by the jury.
is an acknowledgement by a person accused of a crime that he or she is guilty of that crime. To constitute a confession, the admission of guilt must apply to all the elements of the crime and exclude any reasonable doubt about the possibility of innocence.
or illustrative evidence refers to maps, diagrams, sketches, photographs, tape recordings, videotapes, X-rays, and visual tests and demonstrations produced to assist witnesses in explaining their testimony.
a written order commanding the person named to appear in court at a specified date and time to testify.
commands the individual to bring certain records or documents in his or her possession
--The burden of proof is the responsibility of the prosecution in all cases.
--An evidentiary shortcut and is designed to keep the jury from hearing evidence unrelated or unimportant to its decision-making function.
-- Thus, designed to speed up the trial and eliminate the necessity of formally proving the truth of a particular matter when that truth is not in dispute.
--Judicial notice is proof without evidence; matters that are ascertainable as true by reference to common authoritative sources.
expert witness is permitted to interpret facts and give opinions about their significance
-prohibits testimony from being given in court that repeats what the witness heard others say without knowing the truth of the out-of-court assertion.
-necessary to keep information that cannot have its reliability or trustworthiness tested in court from being used for or against a defendant .jury is assured that the evidence it does hear and see is reliable and trustworthy, and they need to weigh such evidence in determining how much of it to believe. 6th Amendment
ensuring justice and the pressure of public expectations require that certain exceptions be allowed to the hearsay rule, provided the reliability and trustworthiness of such evidence can be established to the highest degree possible within the rules set down by the courts. To insure justice, the exceptions to the hearsay rule have evolved.
The philosophy underlying the existence of evidentiary privileges is a simple one that has evolved from common law and from statutory enactments. The philosophy simply says that it is more important to protect relationships between certain individuals, such as husband / wife (Social Evidentiary Privilege) or attorney / client (Professional Evidentiary Privilege), than it is to compel the testimony of one against another in order to secure the conviction of an individual criminal.
is a declaration concerning the facts and circumstances of the fatal injury made by the victim of a homicide who is about to die, expects to die, and does not hope to recover is admissible as an exception to the hearsay rule. The theory is that a person about to die has no reason to lie.
the commission of an act prohibited, or the omission of an act required, by the penal code of an organized political state.
an act usually punishable by incarceration for a term of one or more years in a penitentiary or by death.
lesser offenses often punishable by a fine of not more than $500 and/or imprisonment of not more than one year.
not punishable by any term of incarceration, but are instead typically punished by a fine not to exceed $250. In Kentucky, illustratively, the charge "criminal littering" is a violation.
To establish that, in fact, a crime was committed;
To identify and apprehend the suspect;
To recover stolen property; and
To assist the state in prosecuting the party charged with the offense
Knowledge of and use of legally accepted methods;
Patience and thoroughness;
Objectivity and freedom from preconceived notions;
Ethical standards of conduct;
Keen decision-making capabilities;
Sensitivity and compassion; and openness to learning from others,
involves examination of particular evidence and the use of information derived from it as a basis from formulating a unifying and internally consistent explanation of the event
begins with the formulation of an explanation of the crime which is then tested against the available information.
--The actions taken at the crime scene immediately following the detection and reporting of the crime constitute the preliminary investigation
When needed, medical services should immediately be requested;
Determination of whether an offense was committed and its specific type;
Protection of the crime scene;
Separation of witnesses, gathering of verbal statement, and placement of pick-up orders;
Case documentation and evidence gathering;
Preparation of offense report and crime scene sketch; and
Placement of supplemental pick-up orders.
the effort expended by the police in gathering information subsequent to the initiation of the original report until the case is ready for prosecution.
an investigation as successful when the perpetrator is arrested, property is recovered, and the person charged subsequently plead guilty or is convicted.
success occurs when the offense is accorded the classification of being exceptionally cleared (the accused is known to the police, but the complainant refuses to testify or prosecute) or when the perpetrator has been arrested and there is sufficient evidence to file a formal charge.
success must rest on the knowledge that regardless of what outcome prevails, the case was vigorously pursued and all avenues leading to clearance covered.
Locard's principle
there is something to be found
There are three major functions to be executed at the scene of an offense:
Coordination ( overall management of the scene)
Technical services ( processing the scene for physical evidence)
Investigative services ( interview, interrogation, canvas, etc)
Dictates that every available piece of evidence must be obtained and where there is a question as to whether a particular item constitutes evidence, it should be defined as such. – assume everything is evidence unless told otherwise.
Corpus delicti evidence- an example of which would be the distinct set of elements necessary to prove the crime of burglary
Associative evidence – such as the possession of a robbery victim's wallet by the suspect
Tracing evidence – an example of which would be where the perpetrator used his own car in an offense and its license plate number was taken down by a witness
Boundary determination
Choice of search patterns
Instruction of personnel
Trace Evidence
refers to the small evidence that is often, but not exclusively, microscopic in size ( hair, semen, fibers, drugs, paint chips, soil, blood)
Alternative light sources may be used at crime scenes including:
These light sources causes many types of trace evidence to fluoresce or glow. UV means "beyond violet". When a crime scene is flooded with UV light, hard to locate evidence such as footprints and fingerprints, body fluids, and metal fragments, becomes visible.
HBV & HIV are blood borne
Grid ( the most methodical & thorough)
Pie or Wheel
A good evidence control system has: ( Chain of Custody)
this technique involves measuring the distance of an object from 2 fixed points. The base line may be drawn as the mathematical center of a room
the method is useful in an outdoor situation where there are no easily identifiable edges of fields or roads for use as baseline. Two or more widely separated reference points are located and the evidence is measured along a straight line from each point.
this method is useful when the items of interest are on or in the walls or in an enclosed space. The walls, windows, and doors in a cross – projections sketch are drawn as though the walls had been folded flat in the floor.
Compuscence – which is more specifically intended for crime scene sketching
Autosketch – which is general drafting program
The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized*
"The 4th amendment protects against unreasonable searches and the surpeme court has concluded that warrantless searches, even if probable cause is present, 'are per se unreasonable'" (Katz vs. United States. 1967).
Exceptions to the Search Warrant Rule 1 of 4
Probable Cause and exigent circumstances- are situations where immediate action is necessary. If the officer takes the time to get a warrant, evidence will be destroyed, life could be lost, or the suspect could escape.
Stop & Frisk- Allowed solely for officer and bystander safety. A pat down for weapons.
Search Incident to Arrest- The thorough search of the suspect and their immediate area conducted contemporaneous to the arrest.
is that part of science applied to answering legal questions. It is the examination, evaluation, and explanation of physical evidence in law.
The criminal investigator must know and understand the importance of properly collecting and handling evidence so that it may be adequately preserved and processed
deals with the study of physical evidence related to a crime. From such a study, a crime may be reconstructed. Criminalistics is interdisciplinary in nature, drawing upon mathematics, physics, chemistry, and biology.*
In a crime laboratory the most important resource is the scientific personnel.
The effectiveness of crime laboratories and the services performed are measured by
Quality is largely judged on the existence or nonexistence of a variety of factors, including quality of specimens or samples submitted for examination, evidence collecting procedures, capabilities and qualifications of laboratory and investigative personnel, budgetary considerations, and availability and use of technology.
Proximity of laboratory facilities to the field investigator will dictate, to a large extent the utilization of those facilities
timeliness of analyses as related to continuing investigations and court case schedules also contribute to the measure of the effectiveness of crime laboratories. "How long"
-a nonprofit professional society of more than 400 crime laboratory directors, managers, and supervisors around the world.
-ASCLD/LAB is the crime laboratory accreditation program which a crime laboratory may participate in to demonstrate:
for scientific evidence to be admissible in court, it must be scientifically valid.
--Nuclear DNA:
Developed by FBI
Used in the national, state, and local index-system networks to link typing results from unresolved crimes with cases in multiple jurisdictions or persons convicted of offenses specified in the data-banking laws passed by the jurisdictions.
Automated Fingerprint Identification System AFIS
--allows a computer to digitize up to 90 separate minutia points and compare the print with all other prints in the computer file.
--The system has produced, in minutes, confirmed matches which, after years or decades of manually trying, were not successfully identified.
--Order the fingerprint and than do a physical match to confirm.
--Slight misleading so has to be proven by expert.
The main responsibility of the ATF laboratories are:
--firearms trafficking.
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