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D-Backs agree to re-sign Eric Chavez
The Diamondbacks and Eric Chavez have agreed to a new contract for the 2014 season.
MORE: FA tracker: position players | FA tracker: pitchers
The Diamondbacks and free-agent infielder Eric Chavez have agreed to one-year contract worth $3.5 million, reports Jon Heyman of CBSSports.com. The deal includes another $1 million in roster bonuses.
Chavez, 36, hit .281/.332/.478 (120 OPS+) with nine home runs in 80 games for Arizona this past season. After injuries sabotaged his career years ago, he's settled in as a part-time third baseman/part-time first baseman these last few seasons.
With Matt Davidson having been traded away earlier this week, Chavez will serve as Martin Prado's primary backup at the hot corner as well as the D-Backs' lefty bat off the bench.


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Type of Document Master's Thesis Author Webber, Patricia Fida URN etd-03042009-040611 Title Microwave spectrum and dipole moment of thionyl tetrafluoride Degree Master of Science Department Chemistry Advisory Committee
Advisor Name Title No Advisors Found Keywords
- Thionyl tetrafluoride.
Date of Defense 1990-00-00 Availability restricted Abstract Files
Filename Size Approximate Download Time (Hours:Minutes:Seconds)
28.8 Modem 56K Modem ISDN (64 Kb) ISDN (128 Kb) Higher-speed Access LD5655.V855_1990.W433.pdf 1.05 Mb 00:04:52 00:02:30 00:02:11 00:01:05 00:00:05next to an author's name indicates that all files or directories associated with their ETD are accessible from the Virginia Tech campus network only.
If you have questions or technical problems, please Contact DLA.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Symbolic Totems Collection
…this symbolic collection of an iconik world, of symbols, shapes, motifs and language in a certain form or material or place that creates the potent moment of originality and time that signifies and documents the period i call the digipop era – the era of imago, of sign, a physicality of the virtuality.
time for a new prescription for you favorite glasses? Great eyeglass case with the standard optometry test printed right on the front.Tags: graphic, eyeglasses, fun, signs, glasses case, optometryAdded 8 Years Ago from Unica Home
Perpetual Calendar lets you decipher the day of the week for any date.


text:
Vol 7 No. 28 - April 4, 2007
I have always been a great believer in borrowing money. Somehow
it always made sense to me to use someone elses money
rather than mine. Well, it turns out that I was right, and
contrary to what your parents may have taught you, open up
your wallet, pull out your credit cards and charge, charge,
Borrowing money and paying it back on time is the best way
to pump up your credit score. Think about it, if you have
no credit history then how is a potential mortgage lender
going to judge your ability to pay back a loan. This shouldnt
be news to anyone. We were always told to get credit in our
names as quickly as possible, but now the conventional wisdom
is to get the credit and use it. If you adopt some of the
following habits you can get your credit score up to a very
healthy number:
Never rent Buying a home is probably the largest purchase
you will make in your life and will, therefore, have the biggest
impact on your credit score. When you finally purchase that
first home and pay your mortgage payments on time for a few
months, you will see a substantial boost in your credit score.
In addition, by paying a monthly mortgage payment on time,
the credit bureaus will recognize your ability to budget large
sums of credit, which will help you with future home purchases
and other big ticket items.
Never pay cash Personally, I hate cash. I dont
like to handle it, I dont like to count it and I would
be in favor of getting rid of it completely, and people with
great credit scores feel the same way I do. If you use a credit
card to make purchases, every purchase is recorded with the
three credit bureaus. Credit cards arent just for large
purchases anymore, some items as inexpensive as soda and candy
are now being charged. In fact, the credit card industry has
a name for it "micro-purchases." If you get
in the habit of using credit cards for all purchases and paying
them off when billed, you will not only give a boost to your
credit score but create an organized monetary record keeping
Never use a debit card Its just like using cash.
It wont build your credit score and it is not protected
like credit cards in the event of theft.
Pay off your balances If you carry very low or no balances
on credit cards, your credit score will take off, and banks
and credit card companies will be offering you more credit
than you ever dreamed. Using the smallest portion of your
credit limit, preferably zero, will greatly enhance your credit
score. Also, dont be late paying your credit card bills.
A few days wont have an affect on your score, but anything
over 30 days will.
Ask for higher credit card limits If you maintain a
good score, you will be granted higher limits, allowing you
the freedom to borrow and carry a balance if a future need
Never close a credit card account You want to maintain
all the credit history you can to prove that you are responsibly
using credit.
Having a credit score of 720 or higher will do more for you
when purchasing a home than even your annual income, since
it also impacts your ability to get insurance and lower interest
rates. The modern world is run with credit cards. Using them
responsibility is a very savvy way to manage your finances
and build your credit score. Plastic is still the future.


text:
Angels-Red Sox is the can't-miss series of first round
Credit: AP
If ever there were a first-round American League playoff series that deserved to be a best-of-seven, it's the Angels and Red Sox.
The Angels have the most wins, the record-setting closer and the best hitter left in the AL. The Red Sox have the best run differential, two starters who will get Cy Young consideration, and last year's championship trophy.
And they're nothing like they were the last time they met in the playoffs.
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text:
|Message view
|« Date » · « Thread »
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|"Andreas Kuhtz (JIRA)" <j...@apache.org>
|[jira] Updated: (AMQ-1810) Patch for stop connection in case of PooledConnection and broker not available (deadlock)
|Thu, 19 Jun 2008 13:53:00 GMT
[ https://issues.apache.org/activemq/browse/AMQ-1810?page=com.atlassian.jira.plugin.system.issuetabpanels:all-tabpanel ] Andreas Kuhtz updated AMQ-1810: ------------------------------- Attachment: amq-1810.patch > Patch for stop connection in case of PooledConnection and broker not available (deadlock) > ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- > > Key: AMQ-1810 > URL: https://issues.apache.org/activemq/browse/AMQ-1810 > Project: ActiveMQ > Issue Type: Bug > Affects Versions: 5.1.0 > Environment: JDK6, WinXP > Reporter: Andreas Kuhtz > Fix For: 5.2.0 > > Attachments: amq-1810.patch > > > If a client tries to connect to the broker and the broker is not available the client can't be stopped because of a deadlock in ActiveMQConnection. > The problem is that the thread that wants to establish the connection is stuck in {{syncSendPacket()}} which is called from inside {{ensureConnectionInfoSent()}} which is {{synchronized}} (and holds the lock on the ActiveMQConnection instance). The call to {{close()}} calls {{stop()}} and this will call {{checkClosedOrFailed()}} which is {{synchronized}}, too, and there is the deadlock. > The patch has removed the {{synchronized}} on the {{ensureConnectionInfoSent()}} and uses a mutex instead to prevent calling the method unsynchronized. > Another problem is that {{PooledConnectionFactory}} is triggered from Spring classes to create connections even if the PooledConnectionFactory was stopped (call to {{stop()}} and the new created connections can not be stopped normally later. > I have added a {{stopped}} flag that prevents the creation of new connecions after {{stop()}} was called. > I think the issue AMQ-1470 is related to the same problem. > The patch also contains the patch for AMQ-1791. -- This message is automatically generated by JIRA. - You can reply to this email to add a comment to the issue online.
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text:
5th Annual PAH Symposium at Heart Failure Summit
This year's summit program will provide an overview of cutting edge topics in left and right heart failure, as well as pulmonary hypertension. In addition to cardio-oncology and right heart failure after ventricular assist device placement, the faculty will speak on stem cell therapy for LHF and advanced combination therapies for RHF.
This program includes didactic presentations from regional and national experts, as well as small group mentoring interactions.
The goal of the program is to provide the latest information on selected heart failure topics, as well as to promote regional and national collaboration in the care of these patients.
New This Year:
Nursing/Allied Health Breakout Sessions
Omar Minai, M.D.
Southside Regional Medical Center
Wayne Old, M.D.
Cardiovascular Associates, LTD.
Ioana Preston, M.D.
Tufts Medical Center
Allen Ciuffo, M.D.
Michael Eggert, M.D.
John Herre, M.D.
Katherine Lietz, M.D.
Paul Mahoney, M.D.
Jaime Murillo, M.D.
Sentara Heart Hospital
Symposium Fees
Physicians $175
SMG Physicians $150
Nurse Professionals $100
Allied Health Professionals $100
Sentara Employees
(non-physicians) $75
Residents/Fellows Complimentary


text:
One of the seminars I went to this week was on innovation in London English. One interesting point noticed by the researchers was the range of quotatives being used. Quotatives are words and expressions used to introduce reported speech, including "I said" and "she went".
The most common quotative among young Londoners is "be like", as in "I was like", "he was like", etc. This expression is used with reported speech, and also with sounds and facial expressions indicating different moods and attitudes. There are apparently equivalents of it in many other languages.
A new quotative they found being used in London was "This is me" / "This was me". I haven't heard this being used anywhere, have you?
How do you introduce reported speech?


text:
Cambridge International Examinations is part of the University of Cambridge Local Examination Syndicate UCLES which is itself a department of University of Cambridge . UCLES has developed and promoted qualifications around the world for almost 150 years. CIE was formally established in 1998 to provide high-quality, leading-edge qualifications that meet the ongoing demands of employers and educators across the world. www.cie.org.uk
'A' Level is a Two Year programme (11th and 12th std) offered by the University of Cambridge Internal Examinations . It is one of the most popular and globally recognized qualifications around the world. It is accepted as an entry point into Universities, Colleges.
Success in 'A' levels will give access to the top universities around the world and in the Indian sub-continent. A Levels are one of the most recognised qualifications around the world. They are accepted as proof of academic ability for entry into universities, institutes of higher education.
The subject content of each of the new A Level syllabuses has been divided into two parts: the A1 syllabus content which is expected to be covered in the first half of the course, and A2 which is the second part of the syllabus. The students take A Level components at the end of the course of study - usually at the end of the second year.
Cambridge International Examinations is part of the University of Cambridge Local Examination Syndicate UCLES which is itself a department of University of Cambridge. UCLES has developed and promoted qualifications around the world for almost 150 years. It offers a broad range of internationally recognized qualifications, both academic and vocational, which are designed to develop successful students worldwide. These include general qualifications including Cambridge IGCSE, Cambridge International A Level, Cambridge O Level and Cambridge Pre-U, a new post-16 qualification, plus a range of vocational Cambridge International Diplomas.
The students who have just passed their 10th std (ICSE, CBSE, SSC, IGCSE, NIOS, any other equivalent board)
Yes, the A level examination is equivalent to the std XII examination. The students passing the A level examination can appear for any Indian competitive examinations.
This qualification helps both the students who wish to study abroad or the students who wish to continue studying in India. The qualification is recognized by all the reputed Universities whether in India or Abroad.
'A' level examinations help students with a more investigative mind, as the course done here is based on the 'Inquiry based Learning'. It develops leadership qualities. It also develops team spirit. The 'A' Level gives a cutting edge to its students. Not only is it possible for the students to get admission in any Indian College/ University but the student also gets into Colleges around the globe easily. Certain certified Colleges in the U.S. even give Cambridge Students extra credits for university entry. Students doing 'A' Level do not have to appear for the TOEFL in many US & UK Universities.
Registration Fee
A non refundable Registration Fee is payable to Lexicon Junior College when obtaining the admission form from college or on submitting the admission form downloaded from site.
Admission Fee and Security Deposit
A non refundable Admission Fee and a refundable Security Deposit are payable at the time of accepting admission. The Admission Fee and Security Deposit are a 'one off' payment to be paid upon admission only. Annual Fees are payable in installments, failure to do so by the date stipulated will incur a 'late payment' surcharge.
Security Deposit - Day School
LEXICON JUNIOR COLLEGE - Annual Fee
*These fees do not include Examination Fees.
Academic year has 2 terms. 1/3 of the school annual fee is payable at the time of admission and the remaining of the annual fee is payable in September & December . The students seeking admission in the middle of the term need to pay the full term fee i.e. 50% of the school annual fee at the time of the admission.
Copyright © The Lexicon educational Group
E-mail: email@example.com
e-branding by


text:
Training Home
Training Courses
• Languages
• Connectivity
• Embedded Design
Web-base Training
Follow-on Coaching
This intermediate-level, two-day course provides embedded systems developers with experience in creating an embedded PetaLinux SDK operating system on a Xilinx MicroBlaze™ processor development board. The course offers students hands-on experience on building the environment and booting the system using a basic, single-processor System on Chip (SoC) design with PetaLinux SDK on the MicroBlaze processor.
This course also introduces embedded Linux components, use of open-source components, environment configurations, network components, and debugging/profiling options for embedded Linux platforms. The primary focus is on embedded Linux development in conjunction with the Xilinx tool flow.
December 2010
2 days
Embedded software developers interested in customizing the PetaLinux kernel on a MicroBlaze processor design for a Xilinx embedded processor system
* This course focuses on the Spartan-6 architecture. Check with your local Authorized Training Provider for the specifics of the in-class lab board or other customizations.
After completing this comprehensive training, you will know how to:
|Scheduled Sessions
|Bottom Line Technologies Training Center - Maryland (between Baltimore and Washington),
|6/7/2012 through 6/8/2012
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|Course Only
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|14 Training Credits
|Course & Basic Follow-on Coaching
|Course & Comprehensive Follow-on Coaching
|Basic Coaching ala Carte
|Not currently offered


text:
Clearwater chief to be new St. Pete Police Chief
ST. PETERSBURG, Fla. (970 WFLA) – St. Petersburg Mayor Rick Kriseman's will announce the new St. Petersburg Police Chief Tuesday. It will be Clearwater Chief of Police Anthony Holloway where he's been in charge since 2010.
The process Mayor Kriseman implemented for selecting a new chief greatly informed his decision, his office said.
"Each finalist had their strengths, but ultimately none fit the criteria to successfully meet the needs of our department and our community. This process brought me clarity and led me to realize what we needed most: someone familiar with us, but not of us. That someone is Chief Anthony Holloway." Mayor Kriseman said in a news release.
Mayor Kriseman will be joined on Tuesday by Interim Chief Dave DeKay, Incoming Chief Anthony Holloway, and Council of Neighborhood Associations President Lisa Wheeler-Brown.
Photo Credit 970 WFLA/K. Norman


text:
You may be photographing in raw rather than jpeg because you know that raw files contain more information and because they are unprocessed, giving you more flexibility. But how do they contain more information? Among other things, digital photography raw files are captured at a higher bit depth — depending on the camera, 12, 14 or 16 bit, compared to 8 bit for jpegs. Whether 12, 14 or 16, these higher bit-depth files potentially contain much more information than 8 bit files.
So what is bit depth?
For each pixel in your image, the tonal value or brightness of the scene you are photographing is stored in the image file on your memory card, along with the color. Computer files store information in zeros and ones. Bit depth refers to how many digits the tonal information for each pixel is stored in. Imagine if your camera used a bit-depth of one: you would have one digit to store how dark each piece of the scene was, the only possible values would be 0 and 1, and the only two tones that could be represented are black and white:
This image of course has very little detail, since it contains no shades of gray.
If the file had a bit depth of two, there would be two digits, and the four values of 00, 01, 10, and 11 would be possible, so the image could have black, dark gray, light gray, and white:
Notice that we have gained some detail, but that the image is still very choppy. In the histogram for this image, below, we see huge gaps between the tones, confirming the choppiness or posterization. (The histogram is a graph of the tones in an image, going from pure black on the left side to pure white on the right side.)
Let's jump to a file with a bit depth of 5, which allows 2 to the 5th, or 32 possible values from 00000 to 11111:
We gain alot of detail, but there is still obvious posterization in the sky (click on the image to see it larger). The histogram supports this:
Now let's jump to 8, which allows 2 to the 8th, or 256 values, and is what a jpeg supports:
This image shows the full detail of the scene with no visible posterization, even when viewed at full size, and the histogram looks much better. (If you see any posterization, it is not real, but rather just the result of my blog save process.) So why not stop here, with 8 bits and 256 tones?
The problem is that as soon as you start enhancing your image, you start compressing and expanding the tonal range. This creates choppiness in the histogram and potentially, visible posterization in your image. To show this, I took this 8 bit image into Photoshop, and added contrast and darkened it:
Notice how this pulled apart the histogram:
The more heavy-handed your adjustments, the more and wider gaps you will end up with in your histogram, and the greater possibility that you will see posterization in your image. 256 tones is often not enough for the fine detail in the image to hold together.
12 bit files have over 4,000 tones, and 14 bit files have over 16,000. This is vastly better, and with almost any work you could do to an image, it would hold together. Here is the histogram from the 12 bit version of the above image, with the darkening and increased contrast:
To have this additional "editing headroom", you have to capture a high bit-depth image, i.e. a raw file, and you have to enhance it as a high-bit depth file. It does no good to convert a raw file into 8 bit as you move into Photoshop to work it. While you are working in Lightroom or Camera Raw, your work on your raw file is in 16 bit (standardized to accomodate 12, 14 and 16). When you move a file from Lightroom or ACR to Photoshop, you need to ensure that the Photoshop file stays in 16 bit. In Lightroom, go to Edit or Lightroom>Preferences>External Editing, and set your PSD or TIFF preference to 16 bit. In ACR, click on the workflow options at the bottom of the screen and do the same.
Higher bit depth files also potentially have a much larger number of colors: an 8-bit jpeg can represent around 16 million colors, whereas a high bit-depth file can represent over 28 billion. 16 million may seem like enough, but again, with heavy editing, you can see color banding or blotchiness in your photo. Your high-bit-depth photo with billions of potential colors will hold up much better.
The downside to higher bit-depth is larger image files — all else equal, a 16 bit image file is twice as big as an 8 bit image file. But large memory cards and hard drives are so much cheaper these days than they used to be.
Note: I have printed these histograms from Photoshop. Lightroom smooths out the histogram, so you won't see these gaps — nevertheless, the quality issue issues still exist.
97 Responses to "8 bit, 12 bit, 14 bit, 16 bit — What Does It Really Mean to Digital Photographers?"
[…] and Read More: digitaldailydose.wordpress.com Technorati Tags: 8 bit,16 […]
This is a good explanation. I hope I can remember all of this, the next time someone asks me about raw.
Thanks, Steve!
[…] This post was mentioned on Twitter by Scott Rouse, Tawcan and Forrest Tanaka, Alyce Taylor. Alyce Taylor said: 8 versus 16 bit — What Does It Really Mean? http://is.gd/4YXV3 RAW vs JPEG #photography […]
[…] This post was Twitted by Tawcan […]
exactly what I was looking for. And now, here comes the consequence:
does it worth upgrading for a camera that can save in 14bit Raw? (Like 40d or d300..)? I hope it does…
Hi Paul, sorry, I just noticed your question. I'm assuming you are asking if it is worth upgrading from 12-bit to 14-bit Raw. I don't believe so — yes, you would be going from 4,096 tones to 16,384, but I don't believe you would ever visually notice the difference. Both are just so much higher than a jpeg's 8-bit 256 tones. Yes, more is better, but I would look to other camera features to justify the expense.
Brilliantly explained. Never understood this before!
Thank you. I feel your answer is pertinent and correct. I've already get used with marketing strategies. Al those fancy features don't add to image quality so much… I still might choose a 40d for it's sRAW capability….
Hi Paul, just to play devil's advocate, why pay $1000+ for the ability to get smaller raw files? Why not capture the most information your camera is capable of, and when needed, export downsized jpegs/tiffs from Lightroom? Memory cards and hard drives are cheap these days, exporting (especially using templates) is very quick and easy.
you think like an American… Because I'm NOT an American, and my computing (PC) systems it has also limited resources and I usually downsize all pictures to less than 1500px and so that small raw format is really a good thing. It takes the best of the image, not a lot of useless noisy pixels…
*Anyway, Lightroom (a software stupidly written in a script language! not C++ or something…) is quite lazy when it comes to raw files, so reducing their size is an extremely good thing…
Lol, Paul … well since I am an American it is hard to refute that, but primarily I think like someone who wants the ability to do high quality (and occassonally large) prints. I definitely couldn't do that with a 1500 pixel image, and I fear that I would LOVE something that I shot small, and not be able to print it to my satisfaction. But I agree, if you only need small images and you're confident of that, no need to waste space and money.
You must really ask yourself what the end result is going to be used for? Buy only what you need. So if you are just making small prints 8×10 or less and don't mind not having the details of a 12-16 bit image your good. If your only going to view images on a display stick with your phones as their image quality is good enough for that.
The world is being driven to be web centric thus a cross platform scripting language works. Does it make sense? For ease of compatibility, YES for speed not really? As the industry evolves, will web centric go away? After all the PC is replacing the dumb terminal with a user friendly interface and the cloud existed 30 years ago only we called it time sharing. "The CLOUD" sounds cool and airy. We are coming full circle in the computer industry. What's next?
It's misleading to say that bit depth is related to "image detail" and that there is a connection between needed bit depth and print size. (Are you mistaking it with resolution?)
Anyway, if you really meant "bit depth", than:
Perceptible image detail is the same regardless of "bit depth" (for >= 8 bits per channel which means 255 different shades or red, green and blue), what changes is the amount of information that can be "extracted"/"brought up" in post-processing before visible color separation starts to occur. It's like strecthing a very fine ruler, the markings get more and more separated and at some point you can actually see them as separate/discrete.
It's fine if you have no idea what I'm talking about because it's really a techy subject which ordinary "mortals" need not know about because it doesn't help them in any way 🙂 It only matters if you own a DSLR because then you can get better results if you know about it.
Paul, Thanks for that, I think I can see now how it works.
The fog is lifting.
Nice intro and explanation of this topic! I just shared on Twitter as well (@davidkammphoto, @thegreekcat).
I essentially always shoot RAW and process in LR3 now. Love that combo.
Thank you, David!
Very helpful. As so often, you have enabled me to understand an important concept for the first time. I'm so pleased to have found you!
Thank you, John!
Why is it then that some of my filters are greyed out when I'm working on a 16bit image, but not an 8 bit image.
I use the pinch tool often and I can't access it on a 16 bit image so my only choice is 8 bit
I want to know something, I'm doing a project in that, I get 8bit hex values(00 to FF) of each pixel and process that then I'll have 12bit hex values (00 to FFF) that is I increase the bit depth. Now I want to show the compressed image, In VB.NET bitmap accepts 8bit,24bit, etc. So I have to convert the 12 bit depth to 8 bit. This is my problem. How can I proceed?
Well-constructed explanation. I couldn't understand this subject as explained on other site. Whom ever you are, you should be teaching the subject at a college somewhere.
What a fantasticly clear explanation! Thank you.
Hi Laura, So my lab wants 8 bit jpegs in RGB format. I was editing in pro photo 16bit and converted it to 8 bit as a jpeg. I switched to sRGB after seeing a seminar on the fact that prophoto has so many colors and most prints can't print that many colors anyway. So I switched to sRGB. Given that I will be sending my photos to a lab, should I edit in 8 bit so I can edit for printing and make sure what ever I am doing doesn't look awful when it's then converted to 8bits? Should I use pro photo, srgb, 8 bit 16bit? I want to provide my clients with files they can print up to 8×10. What do you recommend? There is so much out there, it's hard to know what is the best thing to do. My eye can't see the difference! I am simply taking portraits and sending the files to a lab for printing, or my clients are printing. so confused! thanks!
I have a question regarding post editing. I shot with a D800, raw and jpg files. I downloaded with Nikon Transfer and apparently that corrupted the raw files, making them unusable. I had to edit my jpgs in camera raw thru PS CS5 Bridge. These files will be used for creating large posters (20×30) for a corporate client. The jpg goes from 8bit to 16bit when I bring it into camera raw. Should I keep the file at 8bit or is 16bit better? My output is saved as a tiff file. 8bit file is 103mb and 16bit is 206mb. File size is not the issue, quality of the file is paramount. Any suggestions would be appreciated. Thanks!
Nice explanation of what larger bit files represent. I occasionally shoot landscapes , but primarily shoot wildlife and find that the larger bit files over saturate wildlife images. I'm shooting a D300S Nikon and the 14 bit mode slows the buffer down as well as drops the shutter speed one step. I do notice the 14 bit is great for those fall colors shots and anything I want really saturated with color – but it makes my animals and background way too much for routine editing. I have recently installed Lightroom 4 and CS 6 – and not had a chance to explore the upgrades from CS 3. Are my 14 bit files more easily raw edited in Lightroom 4 ?
Your article was very helpful, thank you. I am currently uploading images onto e commerce sites. One site only makes prints for the customers. One allows for you to sell prints, but also to sell downloads (Rights Managed or Royalty Free). Both sites prefer images to be uploaded in jpeg so I imagine that also means in sRGB and in 8 bit? Is 8 bit good enough for printing even at large sizes? Is 8 bit good enough to be sold as high resolution downloads for a company possible wanting to use it for a billboard? Also, when I convert the color profile should I check the rendering intent for relative or perceptual? I notice when I convert to sRGB from ProPhoto (I use Adobe Photoshop 6) that sometimes I see a change in hue especially when it is a blue sky at twilight – it gets a bit more purple -ish after I convert it to sRGB. Is this something I just need to live with?
Thanks, Joan
Laura, I have another question. The e-commerce sites (that I will be uploading my images to) ask that I not use any file compression. How do I make sure when saving my images in jpeg file (Photoshop CS6) that they are not being compressed? I only see where I can use a slider to adjust image quality (size?) and I have been leaving it at the highest at 12 and then below I check optimized. Am I doing this correctly?
Thanks again,
very good and clear job Laura, I just had to argue with a "pro" who shot in JPG in "sharp" mode and delivered posterized picture for a catalogue.
this is a very clear article. I have tried many times to understand the lot about 8-bit depth etc…. Read many things about it but somehow my attention kept being stuck on it. For the first time, I finally understood it. Thank you for making this so crystal clear with samples.
[…] ou en format RAW. C'est un peu plus complex d'expliquer 8 versus 14 bit mais il y a un bon article écrit par Laura Shoe (en anglais seulement) qui explique très bien la différence. Elle fait référence à la […]
Many thanks for including the histogram with the explanation! As others have said, I have never seen this phenomenon explained so nicely.
I've been scanning my b+w negatives as a tiff file (my scanner's limitation) then editing in PS using Color Effects Pro. My images certainly are not RAW but still print out beautifully using piezography K7 Split Tone Inkset on Moab and Hahnemuhle paper. I take the tiff file and convert it to PS native and print as a PS native file.
Is it possible to maximize the amt of info in my tiff file before working on it as a psd file? Also can this be applied by converting to tiff from my NEF file on my D7100? Thanks for this terrific blog! Gar
[…] May 2, 2013: Laura Shoe has an excellent tutorial on bit depth over on her site: 8 bit, 12 bit, 14 bit, 16 bit — What Does It Really Mean to Digital Photographers? She also has an article on Chromatic Aberration that explains it […]
Thank you, Laura, for a great article. I learned from it and from your replies to the comments as well.
Laura, I got an issue with bit depth in LR:
LR 4 and 5 let you manage 32 bit images, which is so good. It's really easy to detect 8 bits files from 16 files but not quite easy with 32 files if you have a bunch of pictures to process. PS show on the name the bit deep but LR doesn't. Any ideas to resolve this? I've tried by metadata without any luck.
So how many levels of tone does a 32 bit image have when we work with it in LR 5?
Thanks, Laua, for one of the most lucid explanations of bit depth I've read!
Jan Armor
Hi, Laura. Thanks very much for this article! I hope you can answer this question. Even after reading all the above comments, I'm still a bit confused.
I'm not a pro. I have a Sony RX100M2 that shoots 14-bit RAW images. I use Photoshop Elements 12. When I open a RAW image into PSE12's raw editor, I can select 8- or 16-bit.
From your article and the comments above, it seems that I should choose 16-bit in order to gain as much color space as possible in order to recover shadow areas, etc., correct?
You talk above about the problems with posterization with 8-bit. My question is this: if my workflow is the above and the image looks great in the raw editor, then I convert it to 8-bit (in order to edit in PSE12), will I get posterization (using your example, in the sky areas, etc.)? If so, any way to avoid this?
Thanks so much!
Hi, Laura. Thanks very much for this article.
I hope you can answer this question.
How can I convert 8 bit image into 4 bit image.
I couldn't do it in Photoshop, because there were no 4 bit option.
Thanks in advance!
Hi Laura,
My question has to do with the conversion. When I open a 14 bit image in LR, does it automatically convert to 16 bit? Then when I edit it in 32 bit in PS, it auto converts to 32 bit?
When you say 32 bit offers over 4 billion levels, that is per channel right? So 4 billion ^3 is the total number of colors and tones possible per pixel?
Thanks so much for helping me (us) understand this topic!
hello, thanks for your explaination.
theoretically i get your point. more shades for each color give you a bigger variety of lossless adjustments.
but: i never realised any difference between 8bit and 16bit when working in photoshop (you can only choose between 8 and 16). even when i used 5 adjustment layers. i have to say: i am not doing any huge adjustments. its more about fine tuning and digital developing.
oh well, there is one very big difference when editing 16bit images compared to 8 bit ones: every adjustment takes at least twice the time. plus when you are editing hundreds of photos the double file size really comes into play.
but honestly: who is doing adjustments which cut of 90 percent of the image's tonal range and then expanding it back to the fullest?
to see what i mean look at this article: http://www.photoshopessentials.com/essentials/16-bit/
but the reason might be that i am working on photos. and those always contain noise and do not have a super clean gradient. concerning this here a very interesting article and at the beginning not too scientifical: http://theory.uchicago.edu/~ejm/pix/20d/tests/noise/noise-p3.html#bitdepth
finally a histogram that contains holes might only be annoying when you think of the lost information theoretically. but in an image i never realised any bad impact of this.
best wishes, clemens
Hi Laura, interesting article!
I understand the difference between 8-bit and 16-bit processing in terms of possible posterization.
But concerning the difference between RAW and JPG, there is more. A RAW file supplies a greater dynamic range than a JPG file. Some of the RAW file's bits are spent to cover this extra range.
Speaking from my experience in working with RAW files, I would say that RAW covers 2-3 more stops than JPG. (Obviously, this depends on camera brand and model.)
Assuming a 12-bit RAW file, this implies that 2-3 bits are needed for the extra range. Only the remaining 9-10 bits are really there for increased granularity, i.e. to prevent banding etc.
Is my conclusion right?
Laura, I am somewhat of a novice, so I appreciate reading your expert advice concerning bit depth files. I downloaded a photo off the internet (5514 X 3678) with a bit depth of 24. I want to have it resized to postcard size about 3.5″ X 5.5″, so I'm guessing the detail will be very good?
I do a lot of nature shooting and I tell other that shoot with me to use the raw format instead of JPG you article explains it well and I will have to remember the main points that you mention. I also try to get them to expose to the right for less noise and more detail.
You might find this interesting it is the concept of exposing to the right to gain the most S/N ratio where the camera has more detail in the bright area than in the dark areas.
Thanks for the crystal clear description. I already knew most of what you explained but you touched on a couple of points I didn't fully understand. Excellent explanation: thank you Laura!
Laura,you did a very good job of explaining why photographers no longer need to take raw + JPEG files.
Thank you.
Very helpful! Thank you for taking the time to write this, and especially the comparisons of pictures with different bit depths. I know my histograms pull apart even after something as simple as a Levels adjustment, so I will try to stick with RAW files in 16 bit (even though the files are 75MB coming out of my D800).
Hey Randall,
if you ever come back from a a photo-trip having shot thousands of 36mp 16bit raw files and you start to consider if your huge hard drive is comparably small and your highspeed computer is just ok fast after all, then don't worry taking 12 or 14 bit files the next time.
the reason is that a histogram with some little holes looks nasty to the nerd but it doesn't have a real bad impact on the feeling and look of the photo (thanks to the noise http://theory.uchicago.edu/~ejm/pix/20d/tests/noise/noise-p3.html#bitdepth 😉 )
but i see one thing where 16bit from the camera really helps:
you shoot a picture with a huge dynamic range (very light and very dark areas together in one picture) and you wanna have good details in the blacks and the whites, plus no clipping of important areas. and you cannot make a HDR-Shot.
then 16bit becomes your good friend (while your computer may not completely agree with you 😉 ).
best wishes,
Thank you so much for this explanation. I love the visual aids and this whole depth thing finally makes sense.
I am not a photographer, but a visual artist, and I was just recently asked to submit a file of 24bit depth and above as a JPEG. I have never needed to use anything higher than 16 and I've mostly worked with 8 (flat colour images do not need as many colours). I find that Photoshop does not let me save a file as a JPEG past 16bit. Do you have any idea why?
Laura, this is an excellent explanation but I still have one area of confusion. You say that a 14 bit image has over 14000 tones yet you also say that it can have over 28 billion colours. How can this be so?
Also can you confirm that half of all the colour information captured is in the brightest stop of the image and half the remainder is in the second brightest etc.?
Very good explanation. Often people go with "more is better" without knowing why really. The problem is that the "teoretical explanation" of having more colours seems as if it must be better, but in practice if you're printing you photos directly from the camera or doing some very basic (perhaps automatic) processing just to have them looking relatively good (e.g. not washed out) then JPGs are enough.
There is also an argument about JPG being compressed and thus never looking great. I own Canon SX510HS (a bridge camera) and can tell you that JPGs at superfine quality look absolutely great, and for a filesize of up to 10MB for 12MP (usually 5-8MB though). It don't believe that's true anymore, at least not with never P&S or bridge cameras.
For quite a while I did editing on JPG files and it was working really good actually while I wasn't doing any aggressive editing, such as trying to boost shadows significantly or "expand" the image that was inherently dark. I really felt like there is no need for RAWs because my JPEGs are so good. Recently I got into astral photography just for fun and I've found out that you just can't pull that kind kind of results out of JPEGs (you need lots of very aggresive editing to get all your light and colors in good range so that they are not all over the place). Everything gets too weird and artificial looking, you lose a continuum of colors and get some very pronounced sharp colors, as if everything was cheap GIF animation 😀 sorta.
Googling around as I usually do, I found about a hack for Canon P&S cameras, called CHDK (Canon Hack Development Kit), which allows you to shoot in RAW and many other options such as arbitrarily long exposures, intervalometar scripts etc. Higly recommeded for everybody with Canon P&S to check it out! Your RAWs will not be 12 bit, but 10 bit since that's the limit with P&S. Still it is 4 times more colors than you currently have with 8 bits.
I have to admit that editing RAWs is a rather complicated process because you have to do everything that your camera otherwise does to produce JPGs, such as noise reduction sharpening (you wouldn't believe how much noise there is in RAWs really) and what's worst really – geometric corrections because your images will look somewhat distorted due to the nature of the lens you're using, but the quality of your editing results will improve 10 fold. No longer will you suffer from cheap looking images after editing. Also the multitude of options gained by switching to RAW is immense.
So if you have Canon P&S, get a CHDK and start shooting in RAW, the effort will pay of in a week after you grasp it. You'll feel like a real photographer with your P&S, rather than being somwhat or completely ruled by your camera limits.
how can i convert an image of 8 bit depth to a 24 bit depth image?
please someone tell me.
Laura this is really an excellent article, still after 4 years. Just wondering what you think of this below – seems bizarre to me, I can still take high bit TIFFs if they require out of camera files, but for Reuters to insist on 8 bit JPGs as a standard seems very backward.
Thank you very much for the info. Anyway I notice that a big part of discussions about 8 vs 16 bits are nice in the theory but very difficult to identify in the practice.
I found other good explanation with more details on the levels window:
when I cahnged the bits from 16 bits to 8 bits what do this to the image and whts the diffrents ?
Thank you Laura! I am trying to identify and purchase a document scanner for home. I want fast, easy, reliability, and quality. As I research there are so many different acronym, parameters, and units that I am not familiar with, so I look them up. It is important to me to do a good job here as I don't have a lot of cash to spend so I have to get it right.
I need to understand bit depth. Its mention in specifications all the time and I had no idea of it's value. Your article was EXTREMELY valuable. I now feel confident I know what the parameter means and the adequate value for my purposes.
I really can't thank you enough.
Hi Laura,
Thanks for this brilliant work on this article.
I still have a doubt about the bit depth considered in the histogram.
I read that camera's histogram usually only shows 8bit information (even for Raw files), is that correct to the lightroom's histogram too?
And a last question, when we convert a 12bit image to a 8bit image, what part of the 12bit file is lost, i.e., the very dark and light information or we lose information all over the range of tones.
So, if the last case is true, in a 12bit to 1bit convertion, we would end up with a histogram very similar to the first one in your article?
Thanks a lot.
hi laura shoe can you please explain how to increase bit length of an image


text:
Voices In The Week's News, October 5, 2012
10/05/12 12:50PM Patti Daniels
| Download MP3
This week, migrant farmworkers made the case for issuing drivers licenses to undocumented workers. In the Treasurer's race, Wendy Wilton said Beth Pearce lacked commitment to the state because she rents her home, instead of owning it. The state's health care board decided not to cover dental work for adults in the basic benefits package. And Rutland mourned the death of teenager Carly Ferro, who was killed by a driver under the influence of drugs.
These were some of the voice in the news this week:
Migrant Farmworkers Make Pitch For Drivers' Licenses
(Advocate Brendan O'Neill) "And what they found is there is actually no law, federal law, including the Real ID Act.... that prohibit the state of Vermont from creating a license that's accessible to undocumented residents."
(Sen. Peg Flory) "The license says you are a legal Vermont resident. That's what the requirements on our license are. "
Treasurer Race Gets Personal
(GOP candidate Wendy Wilton) "At this point the Vermont voters certainly have the right to evaluate the candidate's commitment whether it's her or me based on a variety of issues but as much about what we do and our actions in our lives as well as what we say."
(Democratic incumbent Beth Pearce) "To question my commitment to the state that I love is offensive," said Pearce. "When Wendy wants to have an adult conversation about Vermont's bottom line, the triple A bond rating that I've improved I'm ready to do that."
Dental Care Won't Be Covered In Vt. Health Plan
(Donna Sutton Fay, Vermont Campaign for Health Care Security) "It's definitely our view that it would be money well spent and it's part of health care. I mean access to dental is a huge issue in Vermont so it's our view that clearly it would be money well spent."
Rutland Mourns For Carly Ferro
(Agnes Ferro, Carly's aunt) "She had beautiful curly brown hair and big sparkling eyes," she said, "and a smile that just lit everything up - you couldn't help but smile back at her when you saw her smile at you."


text:
|You are in: UK: England
Tuesday, 20 August, 2002, 19:55 GMT 20:55 UK
Cash to find autistic son a playmate
The mother of a four-year-old autistic boy who wants a friend for her son is offering to pay children a fiver to play with him.
Jack Rumsey, of Thurnby, Leicester, is autistic and cannot speak, which has made it difficult for him to socialise.
His mother, Emma Upfold, 25, has put an advert in a newsagent's window appealing for a playmate for her son, but so far has had no response.
She said: "It's really heartbreaking. I suppose the advert is really a last resort."
Lonely boy
The advert reads: "Friend wanted for Jack. If you are bored with the holidays and would like to earn some extra pocket-money, please get in touch with Jack's mum.
"I will pay £5 an hour for a child between eight and 11 to come and play with him."
A photo of Jack is attached to the notice which has been in the shop window for two weeks without any reply.
Miss Upfold, a part-time nurse, said: "I think he's feeling lonely because he's always looking over the fence at the boy next door playing with his friends.
"I have got friends with children that are his age but they have not really got the patience to play with him because he can't speak.
"I thought that perhaps an older child, boy or girl, would have more patience with him.
"I just want someone to come round for tea with him or something, maybe twice a week."
Befriending service
Jack, who is mad about trains, Thomas the Tank Engine and Bob the Builder, is due to start school in September at St Luke's Primary School.
Until now the little boy, who has a younger sister, Hannah, has attended playgroup twice a week and had private tuition.
A spokeswoman for the National Autistic Society said: "We can't comment on individual cases.
"But some children with autism are very keen to interact and some are not.
"We are developing a befriending service in Leicester to address the difficulties that people with autism face."
See also:
14 Aug 02 | Health
26 Jul 02 | Health
12 May 02 | Education
Internet links:
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text:
Continued: Study
"South Carolina has some of the greatest health disparities in the nation," Glover said. "This report gives us a better understanding not only of cervical cancer incidence and mortality among African-American women, but also shows the critical role that community groups have in working with doctors and other healthcare professionals and leaders to ensure that women receive screenings and follow-up care."
The report is timely, given the recent controversy surrounding a report by the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists that called for less frequent cervical cancer screening, Glover said.
Arnold School researcher Dr. Heather Brandt said that, although cervical cancer deaths nationwide have dropped 75 percent since the Pap test was introduced for screening, not all women have benefited equally from advancements in screening.
"Women of color, women living in rural areas and women living in poverty continue to develop cervical cancer and die at much higher rates," she said. "The reports in this journal highlight the challenges that we continue to face in addressing cervical cancer in the United States and around the world."


text:
Inro Lavil
Emit Time - Poem by Inro Lavil
by Inro Lavil
Dilly-dallying, loitering
Not knowing time is passing
Procrastinating in every job taken
shaken Sleeping still even when you're
pure gold Never knowing that time is
won't hold Something elusive and you
pressure rises Insanity comes when the
ticking second passes Soul is stirred when each
related with school Reading something not
done outside our rooms Yes, learning can be
thing to be prioritized But prioritize
Relax, maybe you head's bursting now
Breathe. Breathe. In... the... air
Here we go. Take your time
value I do what, me asked Someone
person? another to comes it When
Oh! them with moments that answered I
they how about care don't I Yes!
thing one act they do how or Look
learn will I: after am I Is
them with moments pay I when new
sing they Moments. Yes. Moments.
annoy and Maybe me Call or Dougie
may or will they still but me
not will I and now me teach
where time a, go time that let
or, better them know might i
maybe or sing or laugh just
That's. them with cry or dance
into forward look always I why
me fool Yes. fast them trusting
I've, least at yet me kill and
new learned I've and you known
or look you how care don't I
time our make. act you how
joking just... filthy you, memorable
Relax... Breath... Don't worry about how I write
Please tell me if I've wasted your time
Again take your time
Cliche says, yesterday is history
Tomorrow is mystery
Howver gift a is present And
Value your time. gold is Time.
Do productively, it of out best the make
May I sigh for a moment?
I became ironic
Hope you learned something while
Epistaxis is endangering you now.
Breathe... in... the... air
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Edgar Allan Poe


text:
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Which Is the Best DSLR Camera for Me?
Table of contents
A Digital Single Lens Reflex (DSLR) takes pictures in a wide variety of situations. Today's models have powerful computers built in that create sharp, grain-free images. The ability to change out lenses means that one camera can be used under varying conditions, such as low light or to take sports photographs. Each of the typical six users below has different requirements in a camera. You will likely relate to more than one of these groups. The purpose of this guide is to help you figure out which DSLR has the best features to match your photography needs.
Soccer Mom
World Traveler
Nature Enthusiast
Special Occasions User
Portrait Taker
Take great action shots with a DSLR camera. For the soccer (or football, basketball, baseball) parent who wants to take action shots, a DSLR is key to snapping sharp images that freeze the motion. A fast autofocus is vital to taking multiple pictures, so you can capture your child's motion from when she pulls her arm back to when she lets that fast pitch fly. Lose the shutter lag of a traditional point-and-shoot camera and gain the ability to take photos from the stands by swapping lenses from a 35 mm to a longer focal length.
A world traveler may take a picture of Big Ben in full sunlight or crawl through a small space in Carlsbad Caverns and take a picture in low light conditions. The ability to manually set the ISO allows a DSLR to pick up enough light for a crisp image even in near-dark conditions. Normally, a camera might be set to ISO 100 for outdoor daytime pictures. However, a DSLR can be quickly adjusted to 600 or even double that (this number varies by camera) in extremely low light situation.
Nature lovers may need to take a close-up picture of a flower by kneeling down next to the plant. However, a snapshot of a deer is better taken from a distance with a high-powered zoom lens. You never know what the weather might be like during an outdoor photography session, so DSLRs with water resistant features are a must.
Some people only pull out the camera for special occasions, such as a birthday party or concert. Burst mode allows you to hold down the shutter button and take several snaps at once. This means that you can ensure to get at least one clear picture of your child blowing out her birthday candles or your favorite musician rocking it out at the concert. An LCD Live View is an added feature that will allow you to hold the camera up over the crowd and take a picture or HD video.
Taking portraits may require indoor and outdoor shots. A DSLR with a hot-shoe mount allows you to add a flash that throws the light wider and further out than a built-in flash can. This mutes the light (add a diffuser if you want a softer look) and prevents harsh shadows in low-light conditions. No more shiny faces with a detachable flash. Raising the flash up above the lens of the camera also helps prevent red eyes.
Artists may want to take an extreme close-up detailed photo of a flower or experiment with wide angle lenses. The perfect DSLR for an artist is one that offers the greatest number of add-on lenses and menu items. Since the artist is more likely to swap out lenses, an internal sensor cleaner can keep dust out of the lens mount and keep the image sensor clean. Not sure how much flash to use? A flash exposure lock feature will hone in on the subject and decide how much flash is needed to take the perfect picture.


text:
Volkswagen Amarok Canyon Concept — Big Tires and a Roll Bar: 2012 Geneva Motor Show
Despite some of the lineup having off-road capability, Volkswagens in North America rarely sport off-road tires.
The same isn't true in Europe where the German automaker sells its Amarok pickup truck which has serious off-road prowess. VW chose the 2012 Geneva Auto Show to debut its Amarok Canyon concept, which is a beefed up version of the pickup.
It sits on Mickey Thompson all-terrain tires and a 1.6-inch lifted suspension that give the truck a total 3.4 inches of extra ground clearance over the standard model. Tough-looking 18-inch wheels painted "Adamantium Dark" add further to the truck's muscular appearance.
Other accenting features add more to that theme, like the tubular roll bar that runs along the bed and over the cab.
Unlike American pickups, the Amarok drivetrain is influenced by European sensibility with a 180-hp, 2.0-liter four-cylinder twin-turbo-diesel instead of the large engines most North American trucks of similar size have.
The bed is small but functional, with lots of tie-down handles available for securing goods. Realistically, the Amarok Canyon isn't meant for the same construction site work horse life of an F-150 or the like. It's crew cab setup and shorter-than-average short box are more designed for ferrying passengers between kayaking trips, which is probably why the concept shown above had that equipment in the bed.
In keeping with the European mentality, the Amarok is available with a six speed manual. That might throw most American truck buyers a curve ball, but it doesn't matter because this truck isn't meant for the U.S. market. The Amarok Canyon is still a concept but a more practically oriented version may be available as early as this summer to Europeans.


text:
In Win Commander II 1200Wby Martin Kaffei on 6/10/2011 1:10 PM EST
- Posted in
- Cases/Cooling/PSUs
- In-Win
18 Comments
Back to Article
ckryan - Friday, June 10, 2011 - linkThere is a lot of focus on the 1000w+ category of power supplies, but how big could the market really be? Outside of the tri-and quad SLI/Crossfire market, there just isn't much need for these. I guess I'm glad they're there, but I wish there was more a focus on making higher quality, lower powered units. The good news is that it looks as though some of the newer higher end PSUs will be efficient at all loads -- which is good, since even Seasonic is headed towards more and more powerful units even as system power draw levels are trending down with the advent of Sandy Bridge. Reply
MrTeal - Friday, June 10, 2011 - linkI agree, I'd much rather see a full review of the be quiet! supplies that we mentioned a few days ago than the continual reviews 800-1200W supplies. I'd love to see a thorough review of a high quality 300W supply. Reply
Martin Kaffei - Friday, June 10, 2011 - linkhttp://www.anandtech.com/show/4069/huntkey-300w-80...
And as already mentioned in the text we had some smaller PSUs before.
http://www.anandtech.com/show/4343/antec-hcg-520-g... Reply
ckryan - Saturday, June 11, 2011 - linkMartin,
I hope you review every PSU you can possibly get your hands on. I don't have a problem with 1000w+ PSUs, and if I needed one, I'd buy two. If a PSU could be just as efficient at 4% or 5% loads as at 20% or 50% loads, I'd be using a kW unit too. At least this unit gets >80% at 10% loads. I'm guessing it's the most profitable slice of the PSU pie, a brand prestige product as well. Undoubtedly, more attention to quality is usually given to these big units.
I've already have lamented in the past that my last PSU purchase was for a 650w unit -- a good all around unit but still way overpowered. At least when my computer idles at 56w (at the wall), my PSU is still pretty efficient. The huntkey jumper still isn't here in America, and the closest competitor is the FSP Aurum 400w, which is either really popular or hard to find since it's been out of stock at the Egg for quite some time. So I know some people want to see more 300w - 500w quality units -- at least some manufacturers have decided to go in that direction too -- now, they just need to get them to North America and to AnandTech's fortress of PSU reviews. Reply
A5 - Friday, June 10, 2011 - linkThey can only review what PSU makers send them, and these are the units they get sent since they make the PSU makers the most money. Reply
esSJae - Friday, June 10, 2011 - linkMaybe 5 1000W+ reviews in the last year is a lot of focus?
I thought this was supposed to be an enthusiast's site? Reply
brucek2 - Friday, June 10, 2011 - linkThanks for an excellent review. Specifically, I love that:
1) you provided details on what is inside the box and the quality/impact of each component
2) the review is clearly aimed directly at the readers (hardware enthusiasts), vs. trying to strike some sort of diplomatic balance between readers and marketers (note the absence of marketing fluff and willingness to call the product out on its weaknesses).
3) the conclusion provides a comparison to other options in the market with specific strengths/weaknesses of each called out.
I'm getting so spoiled here that I'm finding it increasingly hard to read "reviews" in the mainstream press. For instance, I just read a few reviews of A/V components that didn't even bother to tell you what chips were on the board. Maybe there's an opening for AnandTech to expand into? Reply
amf66 - Friday, June 10, 2011 - linkI really enjoyed reading this review. It did a good job of explaining the weaknesses of the connector choices and I doubt many others would have noticed the 10A power cable for a PSU that pull more than this. I always like seeing the internals of power supplies and having the components explained and this did a great job at that. The only small problem is the typo in the first paragraph of the last page. Other than that it was great. Reply
Martin Kaffei - Friday, June 10, 2011 - linkThanks for the correction, "definetly " helpful. Reply
krumme - Friday, June 10, 2011 - linkFor ryans Intel SB+gtx 590 vs. Llano Review Reply
gusnovak - Saturday, June 11, 2011 - linkhow can we get rid of this kind of scum from china? Reply
JarredWalton - Saturday, June 11, 2011 - linkBy me marking them as "spam". :-) Reply
iamkyle - Saturday, June 11, 2011 - link...another review without comparisons to other products. Seriously, why can't this be done? Reply
Martin Kaffei - Saturday, June 11, 2011 - linkThere are many comparisons in the conclusion. But if you are thinking of roundups were we compare every single feature we will find a solution. Reply
maddogcolli - Saturday, June 11, 2011 - link"...merely an average 1200W offering."
I wondering if merely an average power supply is all that is needed these day's? Since mother board manufacture's today are paying alot of attention to onboard voltage regulation. Does the end user really need a state of the art pwr supply? Reply
Martin Kaffei - Saturday, June 11, 2011 - linkSince many components have a direct connection to the PSU: Yes.
Moreover the VRM on some mainboards might be relatively resistant, but that does not apply to every one.
Of course not all systems need the best PSU but if there are important data on your PC or if the PC is very expensive I would spend much money in the PSU. Reply
zhongkko - Sunday, June 12, 2011 - link
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text:
Download | JavaDoc | Source | GitHub | Gitter | Support
The camel-core-tests.jar is not for usage for Camel end users. This JAR is only used internally by Camel itself when it tests the same unit tests using different DSL such as Spring XML, Blueprint XML, Scala DSL etc.
End users who need a test kit should use camel-test or camel-testng JARs instead. See more here Testing


text:
White Chocolate-Strawberry Tiramisu Recipe
- 2 cups heavy whipping cream
- 1 package (8 ounces) cream cheese, softened
- 1/2 cup (4 ounces) mascarpone cheese
- 9 ounces white baking chocolate, melted and cooled
- 1 cup confectioners' sugar, divided
- 1 teaspoon vanilla extract
- 2 packages (3 ounces each) ladyfingers, split
- 2/3 cup orange juice
- 4 cups sliced fresh strawberries
- Chocolate syrup, optional
- 1. In a large bowl, beat cream until soft peaks form. In another bowl, beat cheeses until light and fluffy. Beat in cooled chocolate, 1/2 cup confectioners' sugar and vanilla. Fold in 2 cups of the whipped cream.
- 2. Brush half of the ladyfingers with half of the orange juice; arrange in a 13x9-in. dish. Spread with 2 cups cream cheese mixture; top with half of the strawberries. Brush remaining ladyfingers with remaining orange juice; arrange over berries.
- 3. Gently stir remaining confectioners' sugar into remaining cream cheese mixture; fold in remaining whipped cream. Spread over ladyfingers. Top with remaining strawberries. Refrigerate until serving. If desired, drizzle with chocolate syrup before serving. Yield: 15 servings.
Nutritional Facts
1 piece (calculated without syrup): 404 calories, 30g fat (18g saturated fat), 103mg cholesterol, 169mg sodium, 33g carbohydrate (27g sugars, 1g fiber), 5g protein.
Reviews for White Chocolate-Strawberry Tiramisu
Average Rating
"I have made this a couple of times and gotten rave reviews.I did make some changes the second time as the process of dividing things and doing it by halves is time consuming and not necessary. This recipe also halves well if you need a smaller version."
"Really good recipe, although I have to admit I didn't follow it exactly. I was in a pinch and didn't have time to go to store and hunt for things. Couldn't get lady fingers so I made a sponge cake and cut it up. Also, I forgot the Orange juice, oops. I also did not have mascarpone so I doubled the cream cheese and added some sour cream. I also did not fold any of my whipped cream into the cheese mixture, but I make my whipped cream with instant pudding mix to get different flavors and stabilize it so it doesn't melt. This might help those of you having trouble with "firming it up". I did however stir the strawberries right in, reserving some for garnish. Took it to church and it disappeared! I think this recipe has a lot of flexibility to it, which in my book is what makes a REALLY GOOD recipe. Would definitely like to try it as written though."
"Gobambookie-maybe try Grand Marnier?? Good recipe, went over well here. . Bravo to the submitter AND reviewers:)"
"Anyone know if the OJ can be substituted with something alcoholic ? Like Kahlua in regular tiramisu."
"I followed recipe exactly except for the chocolate on top and it was wonderful!"
"Hey will it make a big change if you don't add orange juice."
"I plan on making this at my family reunion for a dessert contest. I do have one question. As far as I'm understanding; in your dish you put in cheese mix then ladyfingers & strawberries then the rest of the cheese mix then rest of the ladyfingers & strawberries. Or do you put all ladyfingers & strawberries in the center?To me it makes sense to just mix the cheese mix all at one time instead dividing it like someone else said. Does anyone know if it makes a difference?"
"This is a great recipe! easy to put together and just the right amount of sweetness. I may add blueberries to the layers for the 4th of July."
"I made this recipe for a friends birthday cake. I was very simple to make for a basic baker like myself. It definitely looked and tasted like it came from a store. My girlfriends LOVE it. I also added some crushed strawberries to the icing top layer to make a strawberry cream... that was spectacular... must try that!!!!! I didn't have a problem with the cream being too soft. After refrigerated for a day it stiffened well."
"Made this for my 21st birthday it was a huge success"
"I love this recipe but I am having trouble getting it to firm up. I have made it twice and whipped my cream longer and added more of the mascapone cream but it doesn't get firm. its great as a trifle cake and the taste is great. Any suggestions?"
"That's ok! Communication is how we learn :)"
"Gotcha! I wished it would have explained that a little better! I'm not a daily baker!! :) The way I made it came out great though! Yummy!"
"2 cups heavy cream, whipped to soft peaks should give you about 4 cups whipped cream.The first bullets says to Fold in 2 cups whipped cream. - that should leave with about 2 more cups of whipped cream to fold into the final step."
"In response to sstetzel's reply...there is no "remaining" whipped cream. In the 1st bullet section of directions it says to fold in the 2 cups whipped cream and that's all the recipe calls for. Here's what I did... I did what it says in 1st bullet of directions, using the 1/2 cup conf. sugar plus a bit more (maybe tablespoon). I deleted 1st sentence in 3rd bullet of directions and spread the remaining cream/cream cheese mixture on top of lady fingers and finished off with reminaining strawberries, added chocolate syrup drizzle... Yum!"
"You're also adding the remaining unsweetened whipped cream to the mixture, that would tone the sweetness down."
"There is a problem with this recipe. Had to read it several times. It shows using the whipping cream in the very beginning of the recipe and then in the 3 bullet of directions shows using "remaining" whipping cream. It also says to mix the remaining cream cheese mixture with confectioner's sugar when you have already put confectioner's sugar in it. Some of the cream mixture was already used so you would have less of the mixture and be adding more sugar to it???? Wouldn't that make it extra sweet?? I'm trying it with just the mixing entire ingredient list with instructions in 1st bullet and using that as my "cream" filling. Will respond as to what happens..."
"Love this dessert. But I am having a problem with it getting firm enough. It makes a great triffle cake. The first time I added more of the mascapone cheese and thought maybe I didn't whip the whipping cream long enough. The second time I used the exact amount the recipe calls for and whipped the cream longer but still no change. Does anyone have any ideas what I am doing wrong? I really love the flavor of this dessert and don't want to give up on it. Help!!!"
"Absolutely spectacular!!! What a delightful version without the distasteful coffee flavor!"
"This was wonderful. Everyone loved it!"
"incredible version of the classic tiramisu, is absolutly amazing. I´ll make it as a present, next week for a birthday party"


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Dorothy "Dot" McClaine, 95, of Lodi, died Feb. 14. She was born Dorothy Nance on Feb. 2, 1917.
Mrs. McClaine graduated from Lodi High School. She worked at Woolworth's and was a waitress for many years at the Cosmopolitan and El Topaz restaurants, and opened her own business, Dot's Beauty Spot on Lockeford Street, in 1961. She enjoyed eating at her favorite restaurants, cooking for family and friends, camping, attending parties, playing poker and gardening roses. She was a member of the Cosmetologists Association, PTA, Soroptimists, Native Daughters, Lodi Woman's Club, Emblem Club and the Red Hat Society.
She is survived by six children, Darryl McClaine of Fresno, Fred McClaine of Sausalito, Darlene Steele of Oakdale, Bill McClaine of Lodi, Pam Roach of Lodi and John McClaine of Rio Vista; 15 grandchildren, 27 great-grandchildren and four great-great-grandchildren.
She was preceded in death by her husband of 66 years, "Fritz" McClaine; and siblings Nancy Moden, George Nance, Clarence Nance and Ruth Roza.
A celebration of her life will be held at 1 p.m. Friday in the Evergreen Chapel at Cherokee Memorial Park in Lodi. Inurnment will be private.
Guest books may be signed at www.lodinews.com/guestbook and www.cherokeememorial.com.


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Partly Cloudy, 90 °F | Forecast
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text: I had the pleasure using this little beauty of a camcorder at, believe it or not, college! Rather unusual as we still use 286's in our computer lab(good to see their prorities). Well the product. Its great. Everything you could possibly want from a camcorder. It is very small and light as you would expect from a camcorder of its price, and deffinately handheld as the packaging so blantendly points out. Looks-well as far as cosmetics are concerned,well,its a stunner one of the sexiest pieces of technology i have the opportunity to caress in my hand in a long time. Am i getting carried away? Well if i am it is only because i cannot praise this product enougth


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Seaford Street, Shelton, Staffordshire, ST4 2ET.
Age exclusive housing
Email your enquiry or 0300 123 3511or 0800 131 3348
"At St Judes sheltered housing scheme, we offer purpose-built properties for rent for people over the age of age of 60 or over 55 if you are in receipt of PIP (Personal Independence Payment) or DLA (Disability Living Allowance). You can enjoy your retirement and get the best out of life in comfortable surroundings with the benefit of having access to a scheme manager and a 24-hour alarm service if ever you have an emergency. You will not need to worry about maintenance and repairs of the property as we take care of these.
We provide a wide range of facilities, including a communal lounge, a garden, an on-site laundry, communal parking bays and a guest room for visitors. Sometimes you may want to be on your own and other times you may want to be sociable. Our properties give you that freedom and choice to do this. You can participate in social activities at the scheme which are organised by residents. If you want to know more, please get in touch with us on 0800 131 3348"
Info updated: 25/05/2016. Update info
Check with Sanctuary Housing - none notified to EAC.
Not available - The residents have not taken part in the EAC National Housing for Older People Awards, or used the EAC Residents Consultation Service (RCS).
"I moved into Sanctuary Housing at Shelton s.o.t 10/ 06 / 1013 and it was the best thing that I have ever done. I have made loads of new friends and there is always someone to pass the time of day with if you feel lonely. I have found Sanctuary Housing very helpful in any matters that you have' I don't think you could ask for better landlords I love it. "31/10/2013terence murphy (currently lives here)reply
Seaford Street, Shelton, Staffordshire, ST4 2ET
Companionship and outings, Shopping calls,
& Ironing, Meal Preparation (Breakfast, Lunch & Tea
Domestic Cleaning, Errands, Corresp...more
Adult Social Care helps people who need extra support to live as independently as possible
We help by working with health services, voluntary groups and priva...more
Our services provide cover for the Local Authority, Private Hospitals, Nursing and Residential Homes, Learning and Physical Disability Units, Mental Health Unit...more
Use our interactive online tool HOOP to help you decide.
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Ribs and Lace Cardi by Amy O'Neill Houck
Welcome! You are browsing as a guestWould you like to see 19 projects made from this pattern and much more? create a free account What am I missing?
by amyo Flickr
Ribs and Lace Cardi
This lace cardigan, knit in luscious kettle-dyed merino is knit from the top with an intuitive lace pattern at the waist and cuffs for a pretty accent.
Please Note the following correction to the customizing sidebar:
ERRATA: In the customizing sidebar, #4 should say, "Take this result and multiply by 3 to add the sleeves stitches and fronts: (N1 x 3) = ___ (N2)"


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Kunchacko Boban, one of the most romantic actor in the industry is on a high. The actor is brimmed with opportunities that the year has indeed something good for him in store. There are about six movies by the actor for 2014 of which, one has already been released.
Excited Kunchacko Boban wrote on his official Facebook page: Dear all.....very happy to officially announce that 2014 wil be kick starting with "Law Point" on March 28th,"Poly Technic" on April 11th....followed by Roshan-Sanjay Bobby "How Old Are You?",Vysakh film "Cousins",Johny Antony-Benny.P.Nayarambalam film,"Ithu Thaanda Police" by Sugeeth-Nishad Koya.....Feeling blessed to be part of such wonderful films which I hope will entertain u all.....So lets gear up for a rollicking 2014....will have a funda time together.... Luv u all.....!
Konthayum Poonoolum has already been released. Unfortunately the movie is not getting a good response from the audience. Bhama played along with him in this movie. Law Point has Namitha Pramod opposite him and Polytechnic has Bhavana playing the female lead.
Kunchacko will be seen playing Manju Warrier's husband in the upcoming movie How Old Are You, which is progressing its shooting. Vedhika will romance him in the movie Cousins. So, the actor is all set to get a better beginning with the release of Law Point. Wishing him all the luck.


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Surveys show that a staggering percentage of Americans believe in a literal Satan, and even more believe in the idea of a sort of disembodied evil. Piercarlo Valdesolo at Scientific American looks at some psychological research on how those beliefs affect our views on other issues. … [Read more...]
Archives for October 2013
Cheney's Iraq War Rationalizations
Dick Cheney appeared on Bill O'Reilly's show on Fox News the other day and was asked to justify the Iraq war. After well over a million dollars spent, hundreds of thousands dead and millions of refugees created, what did we actually get out of it? His answer shows just how irrational we can be when justifying out choices. … [Read more...]
The Pathfinders Depart Uganda
Our four young Pathfinders' time at the Kasese Humanist Primary School in Uganda has come to an end and Conor Robinson, the leader of the entire project, writes about all they learned and experience in their weeks there. It's really quite an incredible story. … [Read more...]
Why the Right to Counsel is Not Enough
I've written many times about the pathetic excuse for a public defender system we have in this country, one in which justice is not even hypothetically possible, much less real on a practical level. The New Jersey Supreme Court has now said that as long as there is a warm-blooded person standing at the attorney's table, that's enough for justice to be done. … [Read more...]
Should You Court Your Friends?
Ann Friedman has a fascinating article in New York magazine about why it's smart to court your friends, to make a deliberate effort to "woo" the right kind of people -- which will change for each of us, of course -- into being our friends just as we would a romantic interest. Speaking of a friend who courted her in this sense, she says: … [Read more...]
Bradlee Dean: Trotsky Invented the Word 'Racism'
Having lost his co-host and the entire staff of his ministry, Bradlee Dean now has his wife co-hosting his radio show. One thing that hasn't changed: His ignorant ranting and raving. On a recent show, he claimed that racism was invented by communists -- specifically Trotsky -- to silence their critics. … [Read more...]
FTB Now Has an Ad-Free Option
Thanks to Jason Thibeault and his programming acumen, we now have an ad-free option here at FTB. We've tried to keep the prices reasonable: $3 for 30 days, $8 for 90 days or $30 for an entire year. You can enjoy your favorite bloggers with no annoying ads in the way. You can sign up here. And if you detect any bugs or encounter any problems, you can report them here. … [Read more...]
Fischer: Soldiers Are Going to Kill Christians!
Bryan Fischer went on one of his typical unhinged rants on his radio show, claiming that Obama is prepping the military to kill Christians, fantasizing that troops may surround the hotel at the Values Voters Summit next year to attack the righteous. … [Read more...]
FRC Tells Fake George Washington Story
The Family Research Council is absolutely furious that the Air Force Academy would make the phrase "so help me God" optional in the oath cadets have to take. Ken Blackwell is making a ridiculous argument that includes passing on a fake story about George Washington that was debunked long ago. … [Read more...]
Loudon: Obamacare Already Causing Suicide!
Worldnetdaily columnist Gina Loudon offers up this inane screed about Obamacare, claiming that it's already causing suicides (with no evidence whatsoever, of course). And she seems to think that there's some huge risk that someone's private medical information will be released under the new law, which is simply absurd. … [Read more...]
Report: Judicial Elections Undermine Justice
The Center for American Progress has a new report on the unprecedented amount of money being spent in state judicial elections, especially by third party corporate groups. The unsurprising conclusion is that the influence of that money undermines justice for criminal defendants and civil plaintiffs. … [Read more...]
Hasn't the National Review Learned Its Lesson Yet?
Having already had to fire two writers -- John Derbyshire and Robert Weissberg, both of which have close ties to white nationalist movements -- for their racially inflammatory writings, the National Review now has Jason Richwine, who says Hispanics are inherently less intelligent than whites, blogging for them. … [Read more...]


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The gloves are off. Competitors to Cisco's new Unified Computing System are already out on YouTube.
Today, Brocade's CEO Mike Klayko put up a YouTube video to directly address Cisco's entry into this marketplace. As I wrote about last week, Cisco's unified strategy, which revolves around virtualization, combines servers, storage, and networking into a unified infrastructure.
Klayko says Cisco's project is "not a new thesis," and talks about customers who are demanding faster ROIs on capital expenditures, and he's right on the money there when he says customers now want ROI in under 12 months. But, there are two things Klayko brings up in his pre-emptive strike against Cisco. First, he talks about the issue of what he calls "lock-in," in describing Cisco's approach as proprietary. "Customers like choice," he says. Cisco naturally has an all-Cisco approach. Will data center managers buy into it? Klayko may have the right dope on this insight, and his company takes more of a multivendor approach by working with products from several partners.
His second point is the newness of the offering. Although Cisco is by no means a newbie in the IT business, this is a new approach for them, and he says, "I'm not sure the largest accounts in the world will put their most critical apps, that happen to reside in a very expensive data center, in a version one product."


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What is an Independent Educational Consultant?
Independent educational consultants (IECs) help find the right school or college for your student. A great match between a school's offerings and your student's academic, social, and community needs and desires will enrich and enhance your child's life and can impact his or her future. Finding the right fit is where an IECA member educational consultant plays a vital role.
IECA members can be trusted to meet your family's needs because they have met the highest standards in the profession. IECA's required qualifications include: a master's degree; at least three years of admissions counseling experience; and experience working with scores of students. We also require extensive campus visits-our members, on average, have visited over 150 campuses each, and continue to visit an average of 35 campuses annually.
To find an IECA member educational consultant near you, click here to search our online membership directory.


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This contemporary ceiling fan features a clean, linear body inspired by modern aerodynamics. Finished in bright nickel with matching blades, this design is full of cohesion and style. Includes wall control for ease and convenience. From the Torsion Collection by the Modern Fan Company. (UM)
For safety reasons, fan blades must be a minimum of 7' above the floor. Hang the fan blades 8' or 9' above the floor for the most efficient air flow. All Casa Optima ceiling fans come with a standard pole for use with 8-foot ceilings.
Our team has over 100 years combined experience with contemporary lighting.
Every EuroStyleLighting.com order is backed by our 100% Satisfaction Pledge.
Shipping and Delivery Information - For item EU6J145 if ordered by 1 pm Pacific Time


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Santisimo Look Book
By Monica Rodriguez
Our new look-book was art directed by the amazing Eileen Lofgren, designer and owner of Child of Wild. This series of pictures captures the beautiful essence of our new collection Santisimo with its array of colors and metals ranging from gold, rose gold, gunmetal & silver, as well as the various textures of beads and gemstones in Santisimo. The mood of the look-book encapsulates romantic minimalism with the overture of feminine spirituality. The framework of veils and lace in the styling elevates it to a new dimension to the handcrafted pieces in the Santisimo collection.


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Statewide survey to explore the impact of nurse staffing levels and work environment on patient outcomes
A critical nursing shortage and rising public health concerns regarding patient safety are prompting state and national policymakers to consider a variety of initiatives to enhance nurse retention and improve the quality of patient care. This grant project would add New Jersey licensed registered nurses to a federally funded comprehensive study of patient care and nurse outcomes in health settings being conducted in Pennsylvania and California to evaluate the adequacy of the nurse work environment and its impact on nurse and patient outcomes. The project will be considered successful if the study and its research serve to: (1) evaluate the adequacy of the nurse work environment in New Jersey hospitals, home care, and long-term care facilities; (2) explore relationships among work environment, staffing levels, care processes, and in-patient outcomes; and (3) provide evidence for policy making.
Grant Details
Amount Awarded $356,955.00
Awarded on: 6/7/2005
Time frame: 7/1/2005 - 5/31/2009
Grant Number: 53071
Rutgers University Foundation
Winants Hall
7 College Avenue
New Brunswick, 08901-1261
Linda Ruth Flynn
Project Director


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20th Canadian Conference on Global Health
Global Health in 2013: Are We Having an Impact?
October 27-29, 2013
The Westin Hotel, Ottawa
This event was a success thanks to the participants and speakers. View some of the Powerpoint presentations that took place.
- The 2014 Conference will take place November 2-4, Westin Hotel, in Ottawa
- The final program is available by:
- PDF (printed October 23 - information is subject to change
- WebApp: http://te9l8b.m.attendify.com/
- This program was accredited by the College of Family Physicians of Canada and the Ontario Chapter for up to 22 Mainpro-M1 credits. If you require a certificate of attendance please email us.
Since 2000 the MDGs have provided a well-publicized focus on eight health and development goals. However, missing from these goals are other important global health challenges including mental health, non-communicable disease and disabilities. Important global health issues including equity and health-system strengthening have received too little attention. Planning for the Post 2015 Agenda is underway, and it is critical that the global health community works to ensure that health stays in the agenda, while being integrated into future sustainable development strategies.
The 20th Canadian Conference on Global Health will be examining the impact of MDGs and other current initiatives, and the potential impact of future initiatives. Plenary themes discussed will be:
- MDGs: Progress made and lessons learned
- Are we Making an Impact? The Remaining Challenges
- The Post 2015 Agenda
The theme "Global Health in 2013: Are We Having an Impact" will specifically be examining the following issues and questions:
• What has been the impact of and lessons learned from the MDGs and other important global health and development initiatives-especially for the poor;
• How do we/should we measure community impact, equity impact and environmental impact? Did we measure the right things? What should we have measured?
• Are we evaluating interventions in a way that is sensitive to the poorest of the poor?
• Who should contribute to these assessments?
• What methodology should we be using to measure impact in emergency/ crisis situations?
• How do we integrate indigenous knowledge and meaningful indicators
• What role is Canada playing in making an impact and in defining the metrics?
• What are the implications of donor driven indicators? And how does this influence what and how we measure?
• What capacity/training/good practices need to be developed to respond to these measurement challenges?
• What research needs to be supported to improve our capacity to carry out the proper impact assessments?
Contact us:
613 241-5785 ext. 326
(613) 226-8317 FREE Fax: (613) 722-7725 Email: email@example.com


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How Do You Store Your Homemade Buttercream Frosting?
Decorating By KayMc Updated 21 Feb 2014 , 11:23pm by Allergymom08
Since homemade buttercream frosting has no preservatives in it, I'm wondering how and how long you store it. If you use a buttercream with butter and cream cheese, I know it needs to be kept refrigerated, but how long will it last in the fridge? If you make criscocream, can you keep it on the counter (not fridge), and if so, for how long?
I make Indydebi's buttercream receipe which uses milk. I've kept it at room tempature for up to two weeks. I just keep it in a bowl with a lid that seals.
Some wil say that because it contains milk it has to be refrigerated but that isn't so. There is a thread titled "icing" that you can read and it will answer any questions you have about refrigerating thie type of buttercream. Actually the only time I have had any issues with crusting buttercream is when it had been refrigerated. It's best if kept at room tempature.
I don't know about the cream cheese icings. I hate cream cheese icing so I never make it.
No matter what type of buttercream(american) smbc or itmb , i store left overs in an air tight container in my freezer. Tastes as good as the day i made it. I will throw it all away if i have not used in within 3 months.
Great! Thanks for your help!
AHow do you go about putting it back to room temp from the freezer to frost your cakes?
Original message sent by icer101
No matter what type of buttercream(american) smbc or itmb , i store left overs in an air tight container in my freezer. Tastes as good as the day i made it. I will throw it all away if i have not used in within 3 months.
I pull it out of the freezer the night before and store on the counter.
AThanks ddaigle!
AGlad to find this thread. I am a new homemade frosting maker and I just made a homemade buttercream icing with Soymilk , powdered sugar and earth balance(dairy free butter). It tastes great, nice texture now, but party isn't until tomorrow. Should I put the cake in fridge overnight, or will it be fine on counter.....it is milk and dairy free. Thank you in advance :-)
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