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Naruto Manga Chapter 631Hey everyone! It is finally time for a new release of the Naruto Manga! The manga chapter which is entitled "Team 7" has been completely translated into English by the folks at MangaPanda and it is available as online viewing and download. You can check out the manga chapters or older chapters in our Naruto Manga Reader (see the links below). Or if you prefer direct downloading, simply check out the Naruto Manga Downloads page and download the chapter in full quality. Enjoy!
Online Viewing: Naruto Manga Chapter 631
Download: Naruto Manga Downloads
Forums: Naruto Manga Chapter 632 Predictions and 631 Discussion
Comments (139)
Katachi@ 2013-06-02 08:03 pm#139
Great!!! I loved this chapter, it gave me so much to think about...I couldn't study! I just kept reading it over and over again.. :D
Ashti101@ 2013-05-30 02:01 am#138
The one thing greater than team 7's reunion was the look on Madara's face when Hashirama, in his own words said, I don't give a fuck. That had me shitting bricks and i still do.
Andrei1987@ 2013-05-29 09:50 am#137
i need the next chapter!!!
Shinomaru19@ 2013-05-28 11:07 pm#136
R u kidding me with this shit. This is as bad as a fuck up as dmc5. The fact that I am comparing this 2 a videogame only shows how much of a mindfuck this. Minato just basically shitted over Naruto when he went bijuu mode, and Naruto still considers Sakura, the most irrelevant character in this series, as his gf...REALLY. The authors have just ruined one of the popular animes to date. Either Sasuke, Sakura, or both have 2 die in order to recover from this.
Hokage Swag@ 2013-05-26 11:38 pm#135
Newsflash Naruto is not going to end up with Hinata and Sasuke will not be Hokage...that's is all
hinata2hyuga@ 2013-05-25 10:13 pm#134
cool that was an awesome chapter i cant wait for the other one to come out sasukes back and minato namikaze is so cool go team 7 hehe but still funny hashirama xD
CeeRock Damigro@ 2013-05-25 10:08 pm#133
Cool chapter
missa@ 2013-05-25 06:16 pm#132
i think this chapter is the greatest Naruto chapter so far because such cool events are obviously gonna bring even better chapters but the more i get exited about it the more i think that Naruto is coming to an end don't you think you know Sasuke is back to team 7 the war is also coming to an end ,so far all shipudden was about is the akatsuki and the jubi and the war and it all ended up in the hands of madara and obitoi don't know what's gonna happen next but i think that it'll be the end of Naruto but i really really hope that it'll last longer ,the fact that sasuke wants to become hokage shocked me by the
way no one expected that really but it was funny and i have a glimer of hope that this crazy decision will make this manga last longer
Nobre@ 2013-05-25 05:16 pm#131
Terrific manga!!! I'm anxious to the next one.
Defqon@ 2013-05-25 04:39 pm#130
Can someone tell me when is next manga coming out? Or maybe give link to episode list and the ones that should go out in future? Thank u )
anarchybimal@ 2013-05-25 11:48 am#129
NAruto, is hoKAge sasuke suckssssss
zhishomoko@ 2013-05-25 05:57 am#128
When The War End The fire country, the leaf village a.k.a konoha will choose hokage naruto and sasuke just like first hokage & Madara.what do you think the villager will acknowledge for making trouble in other countery sasuke or Naruto save the entire shinobi world
will become hokage
AndreLuiz@ 2013-05-25 04:36 am#127
2 new hokage?hahaha
emmanuelmartinez0692@ 2013-05-24 11:28 pm#126
Totally awesome!! Got my day going good =) can't wait for the next one They Going to kick Madara Ass!!
MesterDrage1@ 2013-05-24 12:17 pm#125
finally sasuke got back too team 7, i have waited long time for this and its one of the best chapter's i have seen.
patricksloan07@ 2013-05-24 10:50 am#124
how cool would it be if I could go into the future when all the chapters are complete. 0_o
emo313@ 2013-05-24 10:05 am#123
good chapter
rlndbrown057@ 2013-05-24 02:51 am#122
This is a great chapter! i still wanna know if sasuke ask'd the 4th something, wondering what naruto and sasuke are going to talk about, also predict what mardara will say to sasuke about a uchiha being on there side and we he give sasuke praise of having such skills. i also predict the mardara just might wanna per-sway sasuke
The Hyugas@ 2013-05-23 11:39 pm#121
Nice chapter, I enjoyed it very much. Welcome back Team 7!!!!
The Hyugas@ 2013-05-23 11:39 pm#120
Nice chapter, I enjoyed it very much. Welcome back Team 7!!!!
danielkun@ 2013-05-23 09:32 pm#119
haha 631 chapters late and sasuke wants to become hokage. but yessss! I got too excited for team 7 to be back together. can't wait what happens next week!
shishomaru 21@ 2013-05-23 06:53 pm#118
@yan: naw the prophecy was told and settled twice, once when naruto fought pain, and for sum reason it happened again when he fought his-self in the movie road to ninja..even the obito/madara character said so, beside sasuke wasn't jaraiya's pupil...
quick question what happened to the original ZESTU where did he go to? we see all the clones fighting but weres the black&white one at, every body's on the battle field but him,I still think him an madara got sumthing hatching but what yall think
tyrone1102@ 2013-05-23 06:28 pm#117
the look on madara's face when then 1st hokage arrived on the battelfield & said "I'll take care of you later, after I take care of the 10tails!!! LOL
safi@ 2013-05-23 05:25 pm#116
Dam good chapter can't wait for the fight with 10 tails vs Hokages
ForcefielD@ 2013-05-23 05:06 pm#115
Nice chapter!
How was it possible Minato went to Kyuubi mode instantly? Was it because the Kyuubi in Minato and Naruto are linked thus the same, since Minato took half of the 9tails with him when he died?
Naruto and Sasuke are now walking the same road as Hashi and Madara, I wonder what the outcome will be.
yan@ 2013-05-23 02:10 pm#114
to realised the professy of the great toad, after madara's dead naruto will fight sasuke to be come the hokkage. i think sakura will become naruto's wife b/c his father sees sakura as naruto's mum. nice chapter after all....
Madara3Uchiha@ 2013-05-23 02:04 pm#113
Nice chapter but it was too rushed ....and Sasuke wanting to becoe Hokage is Messed up.
+PDatta+@ 2013-05-23 12:54 pm#112
the moment i read sasuke's line about becoming hokage i was like, "suck my d**k as*hole"
pritu6@ 2013-05-23 11:46 am#111
this was by far the most awesome chapter ever...
Bossman@ 2013-05-23 10:24 am#110
awesome chapter 5/5
Bmill@ 2013-05-23 08:57 am#109
Wow there is alot of comments about naruto and who he will fall in love between Sakura & hinata I personally don't care who he falls for..to be honest he'll fall in love with somebody else thats not from the village but anyways when minato ask if that was his girlfriend naruto was kinda joking around saying "uhmmm kinda sorta well" pretty much he just said that just to get Sakura mad and playing it as a joke
moje@ 2013-05-23 07:09 am#108
Naruto is becoming messed up!!!hashirama was the only one that could use wood style, now there more.
And naruto's father can use 9tails wTF????
And saskue hokage??? WTH!??
But no use complaining, let's just see what happens next week.
indranilg8@ 2013-05-23 07:00 am#107
wtf is going on ??
is kisi want to show that what ever you do to prove your worth even if you change the world itself it is of no value only those born within respectful clans and have been respected from initially they only ae successful in life then kisi was way better ata expressing taht thing.
Again he tried to prove one provreb that "father is father and a son remains a son" by showing that naruto's chakra cloak with minato which naruto gained after so much of a hard and ass off training .The only move left now woth naruto are odadari rasengan and futton rasen suriken which are if given to minoto then it would be the most disgusting event of naruto series
shishomaru 21@ 2013-05-23 07:00 am#106
oh i forgot sasuke is gonna end up with the red head uzumaki girl which will make the next generation of uchiha capable of becoming strong as naurto an eventually the so6p
shishomaru 21@ 2013-05-23 06:40 am#105
please people stop tripping on this naruto= sakura thing IT AINT HAPPENING....
hinata already declared her love for naruto, sakura found that out when hinata tryed to fight pain,,
plus naruto stopped likeing sakura during the kage meeting when she tryed to trick him into not chasing sasuke,,
an now sakura likes Lee now, so please stop crying about naruto being a jerk, im pretty sure he will clear up the misunderstanding when its not two maniacs an a bigg ass monster trying to kill them
lorenzomorae@ 2013-05-23 06:35 am#104
tjhere are some very stupid coments -.-. what i like about naruto he has so much potential. now that his freinds with kurama can he combine with the frog guys ( i believe pops and MA) will naruto creat a a nine tailed rasen shuriken like the one that madara seamed to make ( seams like a makshift rasen shuriken) and also if naruto can balance out natrual chakara and the nine tails he will be amazing, still waitinf for what minato has to give naruto. the hokages dont really know what naruto has done for the villedges. i think suskes a dick for now wanting to become hokage but i some what saw it coming. my prediction is that naruto will be the leader of all the nations not just the leaf. and he better end up with hinata, i mean he all ready completly rejected sakura before he just plays a little crush, and hinata just cares so much about naruto, and sense the uzamki arent very strong with mind techniqes, and dont have a eye heritage, ( kekegeki) there babe will be bad ass ).
NewKageism@ 2013-05-23 06:21 am#103
I agree with Crystalball. Who do we have evil and why does Naruto still like Sakura claiming she is some what his girlfriend. That girl does not like you the girl who keep showing you love must have a low self esteem issue.
Basically everyone is good. Tobi without his mask is not evil anymore but a stuck up whining brat. Even the Tobi we knew before was aleast funny before switching to the evil side. Sasuke nice now. Best believe only one Hokage will stand so one on one fight after big fight?
Basically a bunch of good guys vs a few bad guys. I really think a bunch of bad guys should come out and fight.
Lastly, Orochimaru should backstab them all. I do not like his nice side.
NewKageism@ 2013-05-23 06:15 am#102
Is it me or a bunch of little babies run around on Narutobase. Nothing bad to happen? That why people like Mangas instead of American made comics where people actually die more or die off (DBZ etc..) unlike DC and Marvel where people just get beat up most the time and show up again later on wtf.
First things first need more blood and death. This Manga shown death at the start with real people. Only death now we seen so far is basic Ninjas dying
which we believe now basic ninjas suck and up graded ninja we thought were elite suck too with one only or two specialties.
sameer1@ 2013-05-23 05:22 am#101
I'm little disappointed.Now when think about Naruto being so much interesting i feel annoyed its like there is not much Naruto can do.What Naruto has until now that was nothing .First Minato used kyuubi's power like its nothing much to him.And then Sasuke came and announced that he 'll become the next hokage.WTF ...................Its Naruto's dream can't get it .Its better for Sasuke to understand the situation not ot make it even worst .Claming that he is the next and not letting these again happen what he actually wants......For Sasuke who attacked the kages he isn't loved by the kages atleast . Does any one know what is Naruto's speciality ? Now what naruto can do that can minato and hashirama can do minato can use kyuubi power and hashirama can go to sage mode.further more he can use seal like naruto usedd against kyuubi.Actually what 's going on 'll be know by the next chapter i hope so .......nothing bad happen so i hope naruto show something new ...............................or its gonna like naruto isn't powerful like the previous hokages and he can never supprass them...
SharinganJ@ 2013-05-23 04:44 am#100
just to clear things out for you guyz....its minato who teleports the third and second to their location when making the barrier...and someone wrote something about sasu hinata...have you even read the manga? will never happen.
Cloud City@ 2013-05-23 04:37 am#99
I think naruto and sakura will become couples, just like his parents and sasuke will end up being with uzunaki karin
Kupo13@ 2013-05-23 03:46 am#98
Yes D @xzodiacx
sakuratakesitinthebutt@ 2013-05-23 03:04 am#97
less sakura bull crap and more naruto dad combo fighting jump off the sakura sasfuk band wagon shit drives meh kerzay
chilidogbizkut@ 2013-05-23 02:58 am#96
Anyway. This could have been executed so much better. Then again, it could have been much worse and was a little better that I had expected, because I don't really expect much from this lately. I'm sure the Aakura thing was a mis-translation, too. Minato's after-thought pretty much shows that he thinks they'll get married, though. This isn't a shipping series, though. It's action. With that said, the "0___o u so randum Saskay" part was ridiculously out of place and not even funny.
chilidogbizkut@ 2013-05-23 02:51 am#95
uchiha3.. Are.. Are you retarded?
roxie@ 2013-05-23 02:44 am#94
welcome back team 7 :D
Resukaki Kurosaki@ 2013-05-23 01:34 am#93
*tears to my eyes* team 7 once again. . . . and WTF! sasuke wants to become hokage...... thought that was naruto's thing......
narut0sasuke@ 2013-05-23 12:45 am#92
WTF! Sasuke CANNOT become Hokage!
UchihaKenpachi@ 2013-05-23 12:29 am#91
Oh! And on the way to the kage meeting, sakura approached naruto and claimed she had feelings for him... Naruto could immediately tell she was lying and told her off... Have we suddenly forgotten that naruto is usually an impulsive idiot and he may have answered the girlfriend question that way simply because he is still same old NARUTO
UchihaKenpachi@ 2013-05-23 12:26 am#90
Truth is these websites have different but usually almost similar translations... Thats why i don't read the manga from only one site... Y'all may be over emphasizing on the whole Naru-Saku relationship... It was translated differently elsewhere.
Billabo@ 2013-05-23 12:24 am#89
Huh?? I wrote a long thing under spoiler tags in my previous comment and it didn't show up
Test, test, 1 2, 1 2...
Billabo@ 2013-05-23 12:22 am#88
This chapter made me so happy!!
Zaidxxx@ 2013-05-22 09:23 pm#87
that was nice , Every Sasuke Should rly shut up , Naruto is oviously better than sasuke he has Sage mode , kyuubi mode etc... and sasuke has mangekyou its just sussanno it wont stand a chance vs naruto... and Naruto is diffently gotta be hokage it was his dream for the first episode and sasuke said he was gotta be hokage but his not. And i think minato was epic and fast i rly enjoyed how he transformed to the other half of kyuubi its like it was so normal for him and i think that minato is gotta give the other half for naruto . When Kakashi and obito gets things will change like crazy i enjoyed the manga even if it was tshort 15 pages its worth it to be honest xD
Rape138@ 2013-05-22 08:37 pm#86
hell yea team 7 reunited & it feels so good
uchiha3@ 2013-05-22 07:39 pm#85
this is how the story will end sasuke will be mariied to hinta because his entire uchiha clan was wiped out so being married to a byugan is more benefical then to marry a person who is not in a clan with really strong eye powers this may also help sasuke be stronger
Naruto will marry sakura becasue he loved her ever since when they were kids
Sasuke being hokage could be maybe because he may either trying to use the leaf village just like orochimaru did to jiraya or hes trying to be aother itachi and protect the leaf village secrets to make peace in the leaf village
I think sasuke will be hokage becasue hes stronger then naruto ever since they were kids.
P.S kakashi will bring obito to the battle field where the 4th hokage is and the 3rd hokage will be killed by orochimaru because he still holds a grugde over what the 3rd hokage did to him when he tryed to be the 4th hokage
saviour@ 2013-05-22 07:33 pm#84
Really epic...really don't understan the naruto sakura love story...thought he may en up with hinata....still love the chapter can't wait for the next one...........
Zero Tails@ 2013-05-22 07:12 pm#83
Orochimaru for Hokage!
starhuda@ 2013-05-22 07:02 pm#82
This chapter is hilarious
I'm pretty sure Sakura should say she wants to be hokage next since its fashion these days :D
MissHashirama@ 2013-05-22 06:57 pm#81
Defnitely not a war atmosphere.
doru@ 2013-05-22 06:48 pm#80
not sure how to rate this.it wasn' good that's for sure.it's turning into a comedy i see not even a war feeling anymore.
shishomaru 21@ 2013-05-22 06:44 pm#79
an why are some of yall upset about the girlfreid thing naruto an hinata are going to get together because Sakura likes Lee now...
an I agree @patzigy team & was trained by the sanin's but to my knowledge i think only naruto can get to sage mode.. with sakura being trained by tsunade its possible she can get there but we will see an i've never seen sasuke hit sage mode so unless naruto gives him some chakra too it should be interesting to see which sharingan mode is as strong as a sage mode
MissHashirama@ 2013-05-22 06:36 pm#78
Interesting chapter but why de f**k wil kishi keep makin hinata's life miserable...naruto doesnt give a damn abt hinata..
Sakura in trouble, naruto risks his life...
Naruto in trouble, hinata risks her life...
Sasuke in trouble, sakura risks her life...
Only the dead Neji wil give his life for hinata..
kISHI defnitely made a mistake when naruto said sakura is his girl..
pasigiri@ 2013-05-22 06:36 pm#77
Orochimaru needs to stay hidden. If he gets taken out, the hokages are gone. Unless he's using a special Edo tensei like kabuto did for Madara. Doubt it though. Orochimaru fighting clean this time. If the world is wiped out how can he take it over?Sasuke hokage??? I think the fight between Naruto and him will be a battle for that title.
xzodiacx@ 2013-05-22 06:29 pm#76
now for a wickd twist naruto needs to turn evil lol..
Kakishi@ 2013-05-22 06:25 pm#75
Just wait until Kakashi and Obito come back then things would really fire up
shishomaru 21@ 2013-05-22 06:17 pm#74
that MF minato is FAST!!! damb he blocked that blast set the marking an got to naruto b4 any body esle , even the 2nd was impressed, an hashsi is a str8 BOSS, he basically told madara to (shut the fuck up, i get to you in a minute)
ok so now we know minato got the other half of the kuubi so how bad ass would it be if both minato an naruto powered up an did a multi-clone at the same time, Naruto has a flash step with out even needing a seal? an for all the hard core uchiha fans even if sasuke is as strong as naruto is now ( which is sketchy as the moment) he wont be when minato gives him the other half of KARAMA from this fight on is truly gonna be epic!!!
Kintaro@ 2013-05-22 06:14 pm#73
@CrystalBall I totally agree with you there..Obito with his mask on is way different. The show does need some more darkness and less corny good guy this that stuff..Ofcourse in the end the good guys are going to win but there has to be balance to good v evil...and in a good story line the evil has to overcome or win for a long period of time until the good defeats them..
bossgama@ 2013-05-22 06:14 pm#72
Nice!!! Nice!!!!.....
sohil876@ 2013-05-22 06:12 pm#71
And plus i dont give two shits of what you think. "We dont want this, we dont want that" ...who the hell do you think you are? ill comment whatever i feel like, dont like it go cry in some corner.
sohil876@ 2013-05-22 06:05 pm#70
If you dont like my comment ignore it instead of whining here, if i didnt like naruto series why in the world would i read the manga are you idiot? is it important if i like the series i have to praise it everytime? hell no, the comment box isnt made for praises only, whatever i said is accurate and this chapter was shit.
Raphmaster14@ 2013-05-22 06:04 pm#69
Alright! The real excitement will start soon! Man I'm so excited! The part about Sasuke becoming Hokage kind of confused me, I'm still rooting for Naruto to become Hokage and about Sakura true power thing (Or was it Real?) I wonder what it was, everyone keeps saying it Slug Sage Mode so that's probably it. Till next week!
Awesome@ 2013-05-22 05:40 pm#68
i have conflicting feelings about sasuke trying to be hokage and be good
Daisita01@ 2013-05-22 05:34 pm#67
What the hell Naruto Hinata just told you how she feels and your still stuck om Sakura????? Like really?
sasuke1880@ 2013-05-22 05:29 pm#66
All we need is the other kages, kakashi, and the rest of team taka and were good.
ebenizzy@ 2013-05-22 05:29 pm#65
where is orochimaru?????...that snake is always up to something!
dikminato4@ 2013-05-22 05:28 pm#64
sasuke hokage lol.... funniest part in the chapter.. sakura is finally entering into the story which is good, minato's bijju mode super cool.. hope father son can kick some bad ass... hope to see them fight together... grt chapter
sasuke1880@ 2013-05-22 05:25 pm#63
I feel like naruto is gonna become the leader of the unite shinobi force while sasuke will be the hokage of the village.
Bmill@ 2013-05-22 05:21 pm#62
Just saying minato is awesome the is a complete genius already going to bijuu mode like it's nothing and already being praised by tobirama that he is faster then him finally this shit is starting maybe will see more of everyone skills on the next chapter....also for you itachi &sasuke fanboys go get your butthole fucked I'm pretty sure minato just said who's your daddy little nigglets!
Uchiha812@ 2013-05-22 05:18 pm#61
Monush@ 2013-05-22 05:16 pm#60
My expectation from Naruto is... All will fight against Jubbi and some Baddass.. in some point of time everyone will loose their hope.. and Naruto's dear one will be in the edge of dying.. then he will become sage of six paths.. Minato will teach all the sealing jutsus and FTG to Naruto in some time barriar with make less time.. finally he will convert everyone as good with TNJ. war ends.. then in Village Naruto and Sausuke will become Hokages. and Naruto will takecare of whole world with his FTG. where ever Hatred raises there Naruto will appear becase he is the only one who can sense the hatred in his Chackra mode.. But story should not end.. will be continue..
sumbul@ 2013-05-22 05:05 pm#59
finally some USEFULLNESS.......!!!
johnellojr@ 2013-05-22 05:00 pm#58
wow nice thumbs up for me....
God of the ninja world@ 2013-05-22 04:31 pm#57
sohil876, your comment is useless! Why are you reading naruto manga if YOU don't like Naruto. There is enough poeple who write some shit with the fillers in the anime version. We do not need this with the manga version!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
sohil876@ 2013-05-22 04:24 pm#56
What a seriously fucked up chapter. Sakura is seen as narutos girlfriend instead of hinata by 4th(not means she is his girlfriend i know, but still), hogakes entrances were nothing special, and why the fuck is madara acting like that, sasukes entrance was pathetic and now he wants to become hokage... WTF... The author seriously fucked up again. This chapter was supposed to be epic but this was just shit, nothing was as expected, i give this shit 0.1/5.
sohil876@ 2013-05-22 04:19 pm#55
What a seriously fucked up chapter. Sakura is seen as narutos girlfriend instead of hinata by 4th(not means she is his girlfriend i know, but still), hogakes entrances were nothing special, and why the fuck is madara acting like that, sasukes entrance was pathetic and now he wants to become hokage... WTF... The author seriously fucked up again. This chapter was supposed to be epic but this was just shit, nothing was as expected, i give this shit 0.1/5.
cazali77@ 2013-05-22 04:17 pm#54
Maybe Sakura can enter sage mode..that her real power..just thinking..
Rinnealex@ 2013-05-22 04:01 pm#53
Kishimoto should make up his mind. It's stupid that he keeps oscillating Naruto's love interest between Sakura and Hinata.
It takes away from Naruto's character as a person. Hinata fucking confessed to you asshole! She was ready to die a second time for you dumb ass! Her cousin (elder brother figure) fucking gave his life for you so Hinata will not throw hers into the gutter for a dirtbag like Naruto.
It just takes a fucking minute to say "Hey Hinata! I appreciate your trying to die for me and all, but your not my type!"
How hard could that be! It's just despicable that the only time we see Hinata is when Naruto is about to die or crisis but Sakura is introduced as the girlfriend when the battlefield has been turned into a reunion and picnic party. How convenient.
I don't hate Sakura but the way her character and that of Hinata is being manipulated is despicable.
Ziyad@ 2013-05-22 03:51 pm#52
The true fun finally begins!!!!!!!!!!!! 4 hokage + team 7 hahahahahahahahahahahaah lets see what you got Madara
Deadai@ 2013-05-22 03:32 pm#51
Sakura's real power huh... well look's like I have another shinobi I can place stronger then Itachi tehehehe.
bdm@ 2013-05-22 03:25 pm#50
cant decide how it feels.i will rate it a 3/5.
earthsoul@ 2013-05-22 03:21 pm#49
If the gold and silver brothers could go into kyuubi mode then I guess minato's entitled to be in kyuubi mode too, moreover only half of the kyuubi's chakra's in naruto so I'm guessing he sealed the rest in himself.. I liked the coolness in sasuke, reminded me of Itachi so much like a realisation dawned on him that his life is worth laying down for his comrades...felt giddy with happiness at seeing team 7 reunited and going for glory!!! Whoop whoop, some damage's about to be done...team taka's got Team 7's back if needed!! Epic-mode activated...next chapter please!!!!!
ShidaChanCode@ 2013-05-22 03:09 pm#48
epic.. lol
chicha@ 2013-05-22 03:09 pm#47
Sasuke will die, Sakura will transfer Sasuke's eyes to Naruto, Naruto became sage of the six path and dies in the end, Kakashi too......and Sakura, Team 7 dies. Fast Forward to the future, Konohamaru became Hokage.
How about that?
patzigy@ 2013-05-22 03:08 pm#46
and come to think now that i recall...the three were trained by the legendary sanins..epic
patzigy@ 2013-05-22 02:57 pm#45
good chapter..
Are we forgetting orochimaru so soon..where'd he go
EpicBoss HD@ 2013-05-22 02:51 pm#44
Good stuff man
So what is Hinata going to say about the fact Naruto said Sakura was his girlfriend?
HazuRima@ 2013-05-22 02:50 pm#43
Does anyone notice?? or not?
Hashirama is in a Sage Mode. wew
HazuRima@ 2013-05-22 02:47 pm#42
Page 6 is a Troll!
Madara: I was waiting for you!! Hashiramaaah!!!
Hashirama: *point* I'll take care of you Later!!
M: *open mouth* ....
H: I'll stop the Juubi first!!
M: heh. You're always the same. I really can't get along with you..
(got from Mangahere.com)
nathankojack@ 2013-05-22 02:44 pm#41
Just as i predicted
CrystalBall@ 2013-05-22 02:41 pm#40
There shouldnt have been such a smooth atmosphere.. Come on guys your making a war not a picnic.. You houldnt stay there blabbering and making jokes... And i didnt like that also madara had that stupid behaviour... He should just be the real badass.. The only one remained, everybody now has become good... sasuke isnt an avenger anymore, obito since he took off his mask seems just like a child that doesnt want to grow up... I mean.. Everything is so light... I need some more darkness and pathos to really enjoy the moment... I dont know, someone dying... Juubi killing around... Otherwise is just like a soap opera.
serenaandrosie@ 2013-05-22 02:38 pm#39
I really cant wait until next week go team 7
it was so awesome I like everyone's reaction to Sasuke wanting to become HOKAGE Kishi always manages to surprise me.
narutosnr1fan@ 2013-05-22 02:26 pm#38
wow wow wow now I really can't wait for the next chapter man this was to awesome
Ozora Gouenji@ 2013-05-22 01:59 pm#37
at last somebody who thinks like me (Rufus Serano)
RufusSerano@ 2013-05-22 01:55 pm#36
The mistake in the first place was, that not Madara but Hashirama got the title of 'Hokage'... even if Madara had become Hokage though, it would still have been a mistake.
My prediction is, that this time we will have 2 Hokage at the same time.
Shimsy@ 2013-05-22 01:54 pm#35
Epic as alwaysss.... Hokages formation was awesome.. i tot minato gave kyubi's chakara to naruto but i didnt expect to b in kyubi mode... anyways no complaint... Sasuke dumb ass surely is mad... change of revenge is good.. he wants to become a hokage omg he is really maad... No one ll acknowledge tat... If dis continues again chain of haterd ll occur.. But story line would b lyk naruto ll make sasuke a better mann.. Am jus waiting to see ll naruto accpt hinata's love n ll he chng his heart frm sakuraaaa.... Awesomeeeeee chapter...
azumaki naruto@ 2013-05-22 01:44 pm#34
next chapter will gonna be EPIC!
Naruto rikuduo mode@ 2013-05-22 01:43 pm#33
Not bad
Sage83@ 2013-05-22 01:39 pm#32
This was the best!!
Gunjan@ 2013-05-22 01:35 pm#31
Can't control laughing while reading 16 & 18
heh heh !!!
dzsage@ 2013-05-22 01:31 pm#30
so minato isn't gona return the kyubi it's other half chakara..
dzsage@ 2013-05-22 01:30 pm#29
naruto's gona be hokage that's for sure, sasuke will be his adviser...they both will work together and restore the uchiha. (y)
Ozora Gouenji@ 2013-05-22 01:27 pm#28
i have a feeling that Naruto won't fight Sasuke again.
krkaushik22@ 2013-05-22 01:23 pm#27
Hints for the end:
History is gonna repeat - after the fighting of clan the village was formed n now after the fighting of villages someting bigger will be. & the dispute of d leader caused the damage n now dispute will again be there but will be solved on faith - however if Kishi wishes to continue a new cycle can be created but to be special it'll require heavenly mind (as what we have is superhuman itself)
batocy@ 2013-05-22 01:21 pm#26
feel shaking.heheh very nice episode
hotscud@ 2013-05-22 01:19 pm#25
Sa lahat ng sasabihn ni sasuke yun pa! HOKAGE, cant stop laughing here..haha
nice one, kishi, you always make surprises!
Naruto Ships@ 2013-05-22 01:18 pm#24
Sasuke hokage . Naruto all set to roar. Kishi on fire
Naruto Ships@ 2013-05-22 01:18 pm#23
Sasuke hokage . Naruto all set to roar. Kishinev on fire
Naruto808Hawaii@ 2013-05-22 01:17 pm#22
Ozoro are you a idiot? the 1st and 2nd will be Hokage. Hashirama either passed the title of Hokage to his brother or either died! they cant be both Hokage one time. This is the reasom why they will have the last battle Naruto vs. Sasuke for the title to be Hokage. Sasuke or either Naruto will say.. If you want to be Hokage you have beat me for it. It was always Narutos dream to be Hokage. his Father and mothers dream. he wont let Sasuke take that from him.
shah musadiq@ 2013-05-22 01:07 pm#21
i think sage of 6 path will appear somehow in naruto's mind when juubi is at final form.maybe naruto is sage of 6 path that why juubi got mad
Lava@ 2013-05-22 01:05 pm#20
I feel like the episode moved too fast but it was the best one I've read in a while so no complaints
HAsh@ 2013-05-22 01:03 pm#19
Only uchiha left alive
Will be hokage??????
Justice@ 2013-05-22 01:01 pm#18
This was one hell of a chapter
Rico Uchiha@ 2013-05-22 12:51 pm#17
h1nata@ 2013-05-22 12:50 pm#16
Wow ! Minato is in 9 tails mode like naruto ! Very interesting !
mang@ 2013-05-22 12:48 pm#15
why it crossed in my mind that Naruto and Sasuke will have same idealism as Hashirama and Madara?
salis2success@ 2013-05-22 12:44 pm#14
noting less from such a nice episode.... more of action next week and less of talking no jutsu.
Ozora Gouenji@ 2013-05-22 12:39 pm#13
i think that after the war Naruto and Sasuke will both become hokage just as the 1st and the 2nd :D
umermirza@ 2013-05-22 12:34 pm#12
only kakashi left and the formation will gonna be complete. cant stop shaking myself
Commander Floyd@ 2013-05-22 12:33 pm#11
somsubhra@ 2013-05-22 12:32 pm#10
Its not long enough >
Nathan.@ 2013-05-22 12:30 pm#9
Never have I read such a stupid chapter.
Shawnmc1@ 2013-05-22 12:27 pm#8
Minato is in beast mode like naruto.
cazali77@ 2013-05-22 12:25 pm#7
Epic chapter..awesome..
zion666@ 2013-05-22 12:24 pm#6
HIS0KA@ 2013-05-22 12:24 pm#5
Disgusted with this chapter
I am Me@ 2013-05-22 12:24 pm#4
the only one who is just as annoying as the jerk obito is the bitch sakura but overall a good chapter 4/5
vipcool7@ 2013-05-22 12:23 pm#3
Ultimate Beast@ 2013-05-22 12:22 pm#2
Great chapter
Ultimate Beast@ 2013-05-22 12:21 pm#1
Great chapter


text:
Department Office
Stevenson Hall 2042
707 664-2366
Department Chair
Stephen Lewis
Administrative Coordinator
Sheila Mackintosh-Sims
Academic Advisor
Susan Miller
Carlos Benito, Steven Cuellar, Robert Eyler, *Victor Garlin,Sue Hayes, Stephen Lewis
*Faculty Early Retirement Program
Programs offered
Bachelor of Arts in Economics
Minor in Economics
Secondary Teaching Credential Preparation
Economics is a social science that focuses on the organization of economic systems for the production of goods and services and the distribution of wealth and income. The SSU Economics Department is committed to excellence, training students to meet the challenges of the future in a wide variety of careers.
The B.A. degree program has three basic objectives: to provide a sound grasp of the tools of economic analysis and measurement; to provide an understanding of institutional development and the interrelation of economic and social factors; and to develop the student's ability to apply systematic analysis and understanding to decision making in the private and the public sector.
Basic techniques of analysis and measurement are covered in courses in micro- and macroeconomics, economic statistics, computer analysis, and mathematical applications. Many courses deal with the structure and performance of a particular institution or policy area within the economy. Students can follow their career and intellectual interests by taking a field concentration or advisory study plan in such areas as business economics, finance, city and regional planning, computer applications, marketing, and international economics.
Department faculty work closely with students in small classes and seminars. All faculty have served as practicing economists with public agencies or private firms, and thus bring to their teaching a rich background of practical experience analyzing policy issues and problems.
The curriculum and teaching program of the department are designed for students who seek employment in the public or private sector upon graduation, and those wishing to pursue graduate studies in economics, business, public administration, law, and other fields.
Many of the department's graduates have started their careers with major financial institutions, corporate business, government, and nonprofit organizations. They find definite employer preferences for well-trained economics majors as budget analysts, management trainees, marketing specialists, program planners, teachers, and a wide variety of entry-level jobs in which employers expect a person to be able to apply systematic thinking and analysis.
Learning ObjectivesObjectives Specific to Economics
Students are required to demonstrate:
- 1. Understanding of economic terms, concepts, and theories.
- 2. Ability to compare and contrast competing views within economics.
- 3. Ability to research economic issues.
- 4. Ability to apply economic theories and concepts to contemporary social issues.
General SkillsIn the course of meeting the objectives specific to economics, students are expected to acquire and demonstrate:
- 1. Critical thinking abilities.
- 2. Communication skills.
- 3. Quantitative and information based skills.
Relating Knowledge to ValuesStudents are expected to acquire and demonstrate:
- 1. An awareness of global, historical and institutional economic issues.
- 2. Understanding of choices and values behind economic policy formation.
Bachelor of Arts in Economics
|Degree Requirements
|General education
|Major requirements
|General electives
|Total units needed for graduation
PrerequisitesMajors must complete the economics math requirement (MATH 131 or 161) as a prerequisite for the upper-division core courses in the major.
Major Core Requirements
|ECON 201A Introduction to Macroeconomics
|ECON 201B Introduction to Microeconomics
|ECON 304 Intermediate Macroeconomic Theory
|ECON 305 Intermediate Microeconomic Theory
|ECON 317 Applied Statistics in Economics and Business (or MATH 165)
|Two 400-level economics seminars not used in a field concentration or advisory study plan
|Total units in the major core
|Field concentration or advisory study plan comprised of 4-5 courses (please see below)
|Total units in the major
B.A. Field ConcentrationsAn economics major may select one of the following concentrations. A concentration is designated on a student's transcript and diploma. Please see an advisor for details of each of the following concentrations:
Business Economics
Computer Applications in Economics
International Economics
B.A. Advisory Study PlansInstead of a field concentration, economics majors may focus their course work beyond the required core courses into an advisory study plan. These plans are not designated on diplomas, but completion can be certified by a letter from the department chair. Please see an advisor for details or to develop a specialized plan. The following plans are available:
|Natural Resources
|City and Regional Planning
|Economic History
|Environmental Studies
|Public Administration
|Quantitative Methods
|Information Technology
|Small Business
|Wine Business Economics
Sample Four-Year Program for Bachelor of Arts in Economics
Freshman Year: 27-29 units
|Fall Semester (13-15 units)
|Spring Semester (14 units)
|Univ 200 (A1) (3)
|Math 131/161 (B4) (3-4)
|Econ 201A (D5) (4)
|Humanities (C) (3-4)
|Econ 201B (4)
Sophomore Year: 27-30 units
|Fall Semester (14 units)
|Spring Semester (13-16 units)
|Phys Sci course (B1) (3-5)
|Econ 304 (4)
|Humanities (C3/C4) (3-4)
|Econ 317 (4)
|Econ 305 (4)
Junior Year: 28-32 units
|Fall Semester (14-16 units)
|Spring Semester (14-16 units)
|Science UD (B3) (3-4)
|Social Science (D1) (3-4)
|Humanities UD (C3/C4) (3-4)
|Field concentration or
|Field concentration or
|Advisory Study Plan (8)
|Advisory Study Plan (8)
Senior Year: 19-36 units
|Fall Semester (10-20 units)
|Spring Semester (9-16 units)
|Integrated Person (E) (3-4)
|Economic Seminar (0-4)
|Economic Seminar(s) (4-8)
|Electives (9-12)
|Electives (3-8)
|Total semester units:
In order to total the 120 units necessary for graduation within four years, a student must average 15 units per semester.
Minor in Economics
Students may qualify for a minor in economics by completing the 20-unit program listed below. The minor will be recorded upon request in the student's official records.
|ECON 201A Introduction to Macroeconomics
|ECON 201B Introduction to Microeconomics
|ECON 304 Intermediate Macroeconomic Theory
|ECON 305 Intermediate Microeconomic Theory
|Electives in economics
|Total units in the minor
Double MajorsStudents with majors in disciplines such as environmental studies and political science will find that adding an economics major provides them with a breadth of background that is viewed favorably by graduate professional programs and employers.
Students interested in a double major should consult with their Economics Department advisor.
Graduate Work in Economics and Related FieldsEconomics majors planning graduate work in economics, business, and public administration should take one or more semesters of calculus and linear algebra and ECON 408.
Teaching Credential PreparationFor the secondary teaching credential, majors must pass the Subject Assessment Examination in the social sciences or complete an approved subject matter preparation program in social science . Economics is a required course for all California high school students. Economics majors wishing to qualify for such teaching positions should consult with the department chair and review the basic teaching credential programs offered by the Education Department.
Economics Courses (ECON)Classes are offered in the semesters indicated. Please see the Schedule of Classes for most current information and faculty assignments. Unlabeled courses are offered every other year and on request.
201A Introduction to Macroeconomics (4) / Fall, SpringAn examination of the basic characteristics of the American economy and the principles that determine its performance. Emphasis is given to those factors that determine the total level of production, employment, prices, interest rates, inflation, and recession. Satisfies GE, category D5 (Contemporary International Perspectives). CAN ECON 2.
201B Introduction to Microeconomics (4) / Fall, SpringAn examination of the basic principles that determine the behavior of individual consumers and firms in the United States economy as they respond to changing economic conditions. Topics include demand, supply, pricing, production, cost, competition, and industrial structure. This course may be taken before ECON 201A. CAN ECON 4.
295 Community Involvement Program (1-4)A community service course allowing students the opportunity to earn credit for volunteer activities pertaining to their academic program. Requires 30 hours of service per unit and approval by an Economics Department advisor. Cr/NC only.
303 International Economics (4) / SpringA study of issues, theories, and policies regarding international trade and finances; international movements of capital and labor, trade and development, and external debt and foreign aid. Prerequisite: ECON 201A or 201B or consent of instructor.
304 Intermediate Macroeconomic Theory (4) Fall, SpringA study of economic theories that explain the level and fluctuation in production, employment, income, money, and prices in an economic system, with an emphasis on the macroeconomic institutional framework of the U.S. economy. Topics include: national income accounting, models of short-run equilibrium and long-run growth, macroeconomic aspects of international economics, labor markets, monetary policy, and fiscal policy. Prerequisites: ECON 201A and MATH 131 or equivalent.
305 Intermediate Microeconomic Theory (4) Fall, SpringA study of theories that explain consumer behavior and managerial decision making in organizations and firms in the economy. Deals with theories of demand, pricing, production, cost analysis, and competition. Prerequisites: ECON 201B and MATH 131 or equivalent.
317 Applied Statistics in Economics and Business (4) Fall, SpringStatistical methods and techniques most frequently employed in economics, business, planning, and government. Topics include: descriptive statistics, measures of central tendency and dispersion, probability theory, statistical inference, regression analysis, index numbers, time series and forecasting. Prerequisites: ECON 201A or 201B, and MATH 131 or equivalent.
318 Managerial Economics (4) / FallEconomic analysis applied to the management decisions of public or private firms. The course is oriented to case studies that illuminate the content and applicability of such basic economic concepts as marginality, opportunity costs, and market structure. Topics include: demand analysis, resource allocation, production economics and cost analysis; profitability analysis; price and nonprice competition; capital budgeting; and long-range strategy formulation. Prerequisite: ECON 201B.
319 Introduction to Computer Applications and Forecasting (4) / FallAn introduction to the use of computers as a quantitative tool for economic and financial analysis using high-level computer languages and applications packages. Topics include: modeling, simulation, forecasting, regression, and optimization. Prerequisite: ECON 201A or 201B or consent of instructor.
322 Urban Economics (4) / FallThe issues and problems facing communities and regions in their attempts to manage and control growth and enhance the quality of life. Introduction to economic theory and techniques useful for dealing with issues such as economic growth, land use, environmental preservation, transportation, and housing. Prerequisite: ECON 201A or 201B.
375 Money and Banking (3) / Fall, SpringAn examination of U. S. financial institutions, including the Federal Reserve System, U.S. Treasury, and the rapidly changing domestic and international banking system. Topics will include alternative theories of monetary and fiscal policy, the determination of interest rates and the price level, and the influence of financial institutions on inflation, recession and growth. Prerequisite: ECON 201A or consent of instructor.
375C Colloquium: Money and Banking (1) / Fall, SpringEconomics majors must take this concurrently with ECON 375.
381 Natural Resource and Environmental Economics (4) / SpringA study of strategies for public and private utilization of depletable and renewable natural resources, and of environmental policy issues. Topics include: agricultural sustainability, optimal resource allocation, land use, environmental externalities and pollution control, and international environmental policy development. Prerequisites: ECON 201A and 201B, or consent of instructor.
388 Economics and Law of Business Regulation (4) FallAn analysis of the regulatory environment of American business. Studies the way the legal system resolves economic conflicts among business, consumers, labor, and government. Topics include: constitutional law, administrative law, regulation of monopoly and competition, labor law, and international law. Prerequisite: ECON 201A or 201B.
Note: All 400-level seminars emphasize training in both written and oral expression. Students are required to present papers and make oral presentations.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
A new crop of more powerful consoles was changing the way we played video games, while a few face-mounted 3D units allowed a glimpse at the future; technology was reshaping the way we listened to music; and Apple was making a really nice desktop computer you couldn't afford. When you think about it, the 1980s and early '90s were just like today, only with different haircuts.
And just as tech is reshaping the world at the pace of a stampeding mecha-bison today, there was lots to get excited about back then: the first proper handheld console, the dawn of digital music, the beginnings of a world in which personal computers became a big part of everyday life. Climb into the Stuff time machine (which, incidentally, isn't invented for another eight months) and join us for another dose of delicious gadget nostalgia…
tomytronic 3d (1983)
Its binocular stylings, complete with neck strap, belie the fact that Tomytronic 3D was the first 3D home gaming system. OK, so its gameplay and graphics were a bit repetitive, but chasing high scores in the likes of Shark Attack and Thundering Turbo ensured an immersive experience full of flashing, bleeping fun.
Apple Mac (1984)
Try to imagine using your computer without a mouse. Go on. You've given up already, haven't you? That's because it's practically impossible – and the mouse's existence is all down to the Apple Mac. What it lacked in expandability (a theme that pops up frequently with Apple even today) it made up for in performance (ditto) and price (er, nevermind) but there were other neat touches that would go on to be influential. The all-in-one design lives on today in the iMac while the handle on the top for easy transporting demonstrated the kind of fresh thinking Apple would become famous for. Microsoft's Windows-powered machines might've gone on to rule the world but they'd be nothing without the Apple Mac.
Casio Databank CD-40 (1984)
While you couldn't exactly call it a smartwatch by today's standard, the Databank was a trailblazer in wearable tech. Casio had already made watches with calculators in them, but this was the first to include a 'databank' which would hold up to 10 phone numbers right there on your wrist. Wearable digital storage in 1984? Yes please.
(Image credit: pocketcalculatorshow.com)
Tamiya Hornet (1984)
The Hornet wasn't Tamiya's first, nor its fastest remote control car, but its lightweight polycarbonate body meant it could take a Grasshopper at the playground lights. Although it was a sturdy piece of kit, careless Hornet drivers spent as much time fiddling with pranged steering servos or mixing epoxy to glue the spoiler back on as they did racing the thing.
Commodore Amiga 500 (1987)
While Commodore 64 owners sat waiting for their tapes to load, the Amiga 500 galloped ahead with its new-fangled 3.5in floppy discs. The Atari ST's MIDI support meant it was popular with musicians such as Jean Michel Jarre, but gamers took to the stunning 16-bit 'HAM' graphics of the Amiga 500, which gave us classics such as Sensible World Of Soccer, Lemmings and Prince Of Persia.


text:
Posts Tagged 'ledcolorshowerhead'
How important to choose the rain shower head
We have to learn about the rain shower head firstly if we want to use it in our house. It is not easy to use the rain shower heads for the first time because the way to use it is different with the regular shower head. The most visible difference from the rain shower head and regular shower head are the flow rate. Flow rate from those equipment in the bathroom is can determine your water bill monthly. Therefore before you choose the best brand of rain shower heads, you have to look the mutual of the rain shower heads to your finances. If you can control your monthly spending, better you do not need to rush to replace your shower head with the rain shower heads because you can get the high payment of your water bill monthly.
If you are already able to set the cost of your life, replace your old shower head with rain shower head is the right choice because it can give you more benefits than you keep your old shower heads. Choose the best brand of rain shower heads if you do not want to replace your shower head with the rain shower head that is of poor quality. Even the ability of the rain shower head was better than the regular shower head, we can not choose the rain shower head randomly because if you are in a bad condition, maybe you buy the imitation rain shower head. This certainly harms you if you get the imitation goods because the imitation goods were quickly broken and the worst from the imitation goods is no guarantee for buyers. The important things when you need to buy goods, you have to ensure that it has a guarantee because you can claim it if there is a problem with the goods while you do not damage to it.


text:
Resources for Satellite and Affiliate Event Organizers
If you would like to use the USA Science & Engineering Festival branding for your marketing materials, feel free to use the following graphics:
View 18x24 Satellite Event Poster Sample (PDF)
Download 11x17 Satellite Event Poster Template (Word document)
Please note: you can use this file to create an 11x17 flyer or poster for your Satellite Event: simply replace the text at the bottom with your event information and print
Click here to download Satellite Event Poster Templates (InDesign file)
These Poster Templates are in Adobe InDesign. Please only download if you have access to InDesign.
You can download a free 30-day trial version here: https://www.adobe.com/cfusion/tdrc/index.cfm?product=indesign
High-res jpg graphic to use with any design program, in case you don't have InDesign. (JPEG)


text:
The mason pointed to a bundle which was lodged in an opening back of the flue of the Franklin stove that had stood in the parlor.
The Franklin stove (fig. 19) is a type of modified fireplace.
He invented the Franklin stove, still widely used, and refused to patent it.
There was a Franklin stove in there, and a bright fire burned in it.
The Franklin stove, presented by the inventor, is also in this room.
A Franklin stove with a pattern of grape-vines was built into the chimney under the high mantel.
The most useful invention of Franklin was what came to be known as the Franklin stove.
Upon the hearth of the Franklin stove, high andirons smile a fireside welcome from their burnished brass knobs.
He invented the Franklin stove, which soon became popular because it was so much better than the open fireplace.
It looks infinitely more cheerful than this, and if I don't find the grate sufficient I can easily have a Franklin stove put up.


text:
Jesse McCartney engaged in several intimate moves with his girl in the new video for his single 'Leavin''.
Jesse McCartney has begun the series of releases from his upcoming album, "Departure". The pop singer has premiered the music video of its lead single "Leavin'" on Yahoo! Music yesterday, March 7.
The less than four minutes clip reportedly is directed by Sanji, who was also the director of his other video for "She's No You". It shows the former child star in a more mature appearance and act, engaging in a several intimate scenes with the model girl.
"Departure" will be the third studio album from McCartney which will be in stores on May 20. Those known to be behind the production panel are The-Dream, J.R. Rotem and Sean Garret.
Jesse McCartney, "I'm Leavin'":


text:
My box came in the mail last week. Hooray!
So far I've tried the facial mask and nail polish. I really love the facial mask. I'll test out the nail polish in a couple of days. It's a little on the sheer side. I tried the gum as well. It has a nice fruit flavor, but it's not as easy to chew as Doublemint or other brands I've tried in the past.
I rarely buy party dip, so I am excited to try out the one I was sent. I might try it out in a taco filling recipe.
What would you like me to review first?
I've joined the Share Your Subscription Party hosted by Unpack the Box and MommySplurge. Check out those two cool ladies and their adventures in the subscription box world!


text:
Alan Stuart Trammell (born February 21, 1958) is a retired American baseball shortstop of the Detroit Tigers from Template:By to Template:By. Trammell, nicknamed "Tram", played his entire career with the Tigers, highlighted by a World Series championship in Template:Wsy and an American League East division championship in Template:By. An excellent all-around shortstop of the 1980s, Trammell excelled at both offense and defense. He had good range, soft hands and was smooth turning the double play.Template:Opinion Although his arm was not overpowering, he had a quick release and made accurate throws. Trammell's defense perfectly complemented his double-play partner, Lou Whitaker. The two formed the longest continuous double-play combination in major league history, playing 19 seasons together. At the plate, Trammell was one of the best-hitting shortstops of his era and won three Silver Slugger awards. Trammell would later serve as the team's manager from 2003 through 2005. He currently is the bench coach for the Arizona Diamondbacks.
Playing careerEdit
Early yearsEdit
While playing for the Tigers' farm team in Montgomery of the Southern League, Trammell played his first game with teammate Lou Whitaker before the two infielders were promoted, making their major league debut at Fenway Park together, during the second game of a double-header on September 9, 1977, the first of nineteen seasons together.
Trammell batted .300 in Template:By as he made the All-Star team for the first time. In 1983 he batted .319 with 14 home runs, 66 runs batted in and 30 stolen bases.[1] He won the MLB Comeback Player of the Year Award in the American League.
Trammell and Whitaker also made a cameo appearance on the television show Magnum, P.I. starring Tom Selleck during the Template:By season.[2]
Trammell, along with his Tiger teammates, enjoyed a championship-winning season in Template:By, when they started the season 35–5 and won the World Series.[3] Despite a season-long battle with tendinitis in his shoulder which caused him to miss 23 regular season games, he finished fifth in AL batting race with .314 and ranked eighth in on base percentage. In the 1984 American League Championship Series against the Kansas City Royals, Trammell hit .364 with one home run and three RBI. Finally, in the World Series, he was 9-for-20 against the San Diego Padres, including a pair of two-run home runs that accounted for all of Tigers' runs in a Game 4 victory. Detroit won the series 4–1 and Trammell was named World Series MVP.[4][5]
Glory Years: 1985 to 1988Edit
In Template:By, after two consecutive years of batting not lower than .314, Trammell was hampered by injuries and posted only a .258 batting average. He underwent postseason surgery on left knee and right shoulder. The following season, playing without any injuries, Trammell became only the second player in Detroit history to hit 20 home runs and steal 20 bases (Kirk Gibson was the other and Curtis Granderson has since joined the club). Trammell also set a career-high with 75 RBI.
In Template:By, asked by manager Sparky Anderson to bat cleanup, Trammell responded with the best season of his career. In September, he batted .416 with six homers and 17 RBIs, putting together an 18-game hitting streak in which he hit a .457, helping his team to win the AL East division by two games on the last day of the season. He became the first Tiger to collect 200 hits and 100 RBI in the same season since Al Kaline did it in Template:By. In addition, Trammell appeared amongst the league leaders in most AL offensive categories: third in batting average (.343), tenth in RBI (105), third in hits (205), tied for fifth in runs (109), fourth in total bases (329), fifth in on base percentage (.402), eighth in slugging average (.551), and tied for fifth in game-winning RBI (16). Despite his efforts, Trammell finished second to Toronto's George Bell in the MVP voting (332–311).[6] After the season finale, Whitaker gave him second base, with the inscription: To Alan Trammell, 1987 AL MVP. From, Lou Whitaker.Template:Fact
Later years, injuries and retirementEdit
The following years, Trammell suffered a long string of injuries that reduced his production. In Template:By, knee and ankle injuries limited Trammell to 101 games. During the following season, the aging shortstop played 29 games before breaking his right ankle. He retired in Template:By.
In his twenty year career, Trammell batted over .300 seven times ending with a career average of .285 and 185 home runs with 1,003 RBIs, 1231 runs, 2365 hits, 412 doubles, 55 triples, and 236 stolen bases in 2,293 games. After his retirement, Trammell coached for Detroit (1999), the San Diego Padres (2000–2002), and managed the Tigers (2003–2005).[7] He currently coaches for the Arizona Diamondbacks.[8]
Hall of Fame eligibilityEdit
In 2001, Trammell was rated as the ninth best shortstop of all time in "The New Bill James Historical Baseball Abstract," rating him higher than fourteen Hall of Fame shortstops. Furthermore, in recent years, Trammell's candidacy for the Hall of Fame has picked up increasing support from the sabermetric community. However, Trammell has not been enshrined into the Baseball Hall of Fame as of 2011. In his first ten years of eligibility, he has received the following percentage of votes: 15.7% (2002), 14.1% (2003), 13.8% (2004), 16.9% (2005), 17.7% (2006), 13.4% (2007), 18.2% (2008), 17.4% (2009), 22.4% (2010) and 24.3% (2011).[1]
Trammell's name will appear on the ballot again in 2012. As long as he draws the support of at least 5% of the voting members of the Baseball Writers Association of America in each election, he will remain eligible for the main ballot through the 2016 elections.
Coaching careerEdit
Alan Trammell was named the manager of a struggling Tigers team on October 9, 2002.[9] The team lost 119 games in his first season in Template:By, an American League record, before posting a 72–90 record in Template:By. In the Template:By season, however, the team's record regressed slightly, finishing 71–91. During Trammell's three years as manager, the Tigers compiled a record of 186–300.[7]
During the 2003 season, Detroit nearly matched the modern MLB record of 120 losses, set by the expansion New York Mets (40–120) in 1962. The Tigers won five of their last six games to avoid the distinction.
On October 3, 2005, the Tigers released Trammell after three seasons in which the organization failed to post a winning record.[7] Trammell was replaced by Jim Leyland on October 4, 2005. Leyland led Detroit to a 24-game improvement in the regular season, an AL pennant and a World Series appearance in 2006. While there was some media criticism regarding Trammell's managerial strategies and "nice" demeanor,[10] others contend that he was a rookie manager put in charge of a team that was severely lacking in talent, and believe his managerial stint played an integral role in re-instilling professionalism and pride throughout the Detroit organization. Leyland himself attributed a degree of the success that the Tigers saw in the Template:By postseason to Trammell's efforts in the three years prior.[11]
In October 2006, Trammell returned to Comerica Park for the first time since his firing to participate, along with Sparky Anderson, in pregame festivities prior to Game 2 of the World Series.[12] Trammell was showered with a lengthy standing ovation from Detroit baseball fans upon taking the field.
After being replaced by Leyland, Trammell turned down an offer to stay with the Tigers as a special assistant, instead opting to sit out 2006. In October 2006, he agreed to join the Chicago Cubs as a bench coach for the 2007 season,[12] a possible precursor to an eventual return to managing a major league club.
During the four-game suspension of Lou Piniella in 2007, Trammell was acting manager of the Chicago Cubs.
Trammell was passed over for the Cubs' managerial position when Lou Pinella retired midway through the 2010 season.[13]
Trammell was named bench coach of the Arizona Diamondbacks in October 2010.[8]
Managerial recordEdit
|Regular Season
|Post Season
|Win %
|Win %
|5th in AL Central
|4th in AL Central
|4th in AL Central
|MLB Total
Career highlightsEdit
- 1984 World Series MVP
- 6-time All-Star (1980, 1984, 1985, 1987, 1988, 1990)
- 4-time Gold Glove (1980, 1981, 1983, 1984)
- 3-time Top 10 MVP (1984, 1987, 1988)
- Collected both 200th hit of season and 1,500th career in same at bat (October 1, 1987)
- Had a 21 game hit streak during the 1987 season.
- Had a 20 game hit streak during the 1984 season.
- Comeback Player of the Year (1983)
- Sporting News AL Silver Slugger Team (1987, 1988, 1990)
- Along with teammate Lou Whitaker holds AL record playing together (1,918 games). They also set the major league record by turning more double plays than any other shortstop-second baseman combination in the long history of professional baseball.
- The Trammell–Whitaker duo twice won Gold Gloves together, joining a list of eight shortstop-second baseman duos have won the honor in the same season while playing together (1983, 1984).
In 1998, Trammell was also inducted by the San Diego Hall of Champions into the Breitbard Hall of Fame honoring San Diego's finest athletes both on and off the playing surface.[1]
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An ophiolite ( /ˈɒfiəlaɪt/) is a section of the Earth's oceanic crust and the underlying upper mantle that has been uplifted and exposed above sea level and often emplaced onto continental crustal rocks. Ophio is Greek for snake (ὄφις), and lite means stone from the Greek lithos (λίθος), after the often-green-color rocks (spilites and serpentinites) that make up many ophiolites.
The term ophiolite was originally used by Alexandre Brongniart [1] for an assemblage of green rocks (serpentine subgroup, diabase) in the Alps; Gustav Steinmann[2] later modified its use to include serpentine, pillow lava, and chert ("Steinmann's trinity"), again based on occurrences in the Alps. The term was little-used in other areas until the late 1950s to early 1960s, with the recognition that this assemblage provided an analog for oceanic crust and the process of seafloor spreading. This recognition was tied to two events: (1) the observation of magnetic anomaly stripes on the seafloor, parallel to oceanic ridge systems, interpreted by Frederick Vine and Drummond Matthews [3] to represent the formation of new crust at the oceanic ridge and its subsequent symmetric spreading away from that ridge, and (2) the observation of a sheeted dyke complex within the Troodos Ophiolite (Cyprus) by Ian Graham Gass and co-workers,[4] which must have formed by repetitive extension of crust and intrusion of magma, resulting in a formation consisting of 100% dikes with no older wall rocks preserved within the complex. Moores and Vine[5] concluded that the sheeted dike complex at Troodos could form only by a process similar to the seafloor spreading proposed by Vine and Matthews.[3] Thus, it became widely accepted that ophiolites represent oceanic crust that had been emplaced on land.
Their great significance relates to their occurrence within mountain belts such as the Alps or the Himalayas, where they document the existence of former ocean basins that have now been consumed by subduction. This insight was one of the founding pillars of plate tectonics, and ophiolites have always played a central role in plate tectonic theory and the interpretation of ancient mountain belts.
- 1 Stratigraphy and definition
- 2 Research
- 3 Ophiolite groups and assemblages
- 4 Ophiolite formation and emplacement
- 5 Notable ophiolites
- 6 Notes
- 7 References
- 8 External links
Stratigraphy and definition[edit]
The stratigraphic sequence observed in ophiolites corresponds to the lithosphere-forming processes at mid-oceanic ridges:
- Sediments: muds (black shale) and cherts deposited since the crust formed.
- Extrusive sequence: basaltic pillow lavas show magma/seawater contact.
- Sheeted dike complex: vertical, parallel dikes that fed lavas above.
- High level intrusives: isotropic gabbro, indicative of fractionated magma chamber.
- Layered gabbro, resulting from settling out of minerals from a magma chamber.
- Cumulate peridotite: dunite-rich layers of minerals that settled out from a magma chamber.
- Tectonized peridotite: harzburgite/lherzolite-rich mantle rock.
The Penrose field conference on ophiolites in 1972 redefined the term ophiolite to include only the igneous rocks listed above, excluding the sediments formed independently of the crust they sit on.[6] This definition has been challenged recently because new studies of oceanic crust by the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program and other research cruises have shown that in situ ocean crust can be quite variable, and that in places volcanic rocks sit directly on peridotite tectonite, with no intervening gabbros.
Scientists have drilled only about 1.5 km into the 6- to 7-kilometer-thick oceanic crust, so their understanding of oceanic crust comes largely from comparing ophiolite structure to seismic soundings of in situ oceanic crust. Oceanic crust has a layered velocity structure that implies a layered rock series similar to that listed above. In detail there are problems, with many ophiolites exhibiting thinner accumulations of igneous rock than are inferred for oceanic crust. Another problem relating oceanic crust and ophiolites is that the thick gabbro layer of ophiolites calls for large magma chambers beneath mid-ocean ridges. Seismic sounding of mid-ocean ridges has revealed only a few magma chambers beneath ridges, and these are quite thin. A few deep drill holes into oceanic crust have intercepted gabbro, but it is not layered like ophiolite gabbro.[citation needed]
The circulation of hydrothermal fluids through young oceanic crust causes serpentinization, alteration of the peridotites and alteration of minerals in the gabbros and basalts to lower temperature assemblages. For example, plagioclase, pyroxenes, and olivine in the sheeted dikes and lavas will alter to albite, chlorite, and serpentine, respectively. Often, ore bodies such as iron-rich sulfide deposits are found above highly altered epidosites (epidote-quartz rocks) that are evidence of (the now-relict) black smokers, which continue to operate within the seafloor spreading centers of ocean ridges today.[citation needed]
Thus there is reason to believe that ophiolites are indeed oceanic mantle and crust; however, certain problems arise when looking closer. Compositional differences regarding silica (SiO2) and titania (TiO2) contents, for example, place ophiolite basalts in the domain of subduction zones (~55% silica, <1% TiO2), whereas mid-ocean ridge basalts typically have ~50% silica and 1.5-2.5% TiO2. These chemical differences extend to a range of trace elements as well (that is, chemical elements occurring in amounts of 1000 ppm or less). In particular, trace elements associated with subduction zone (island arc) volcanics tend to be high in ophiolites, whereas trace elements that are high in ocean ridge basalts but low in subduction zone volcanics are also low in ophiolites.[7]
The crystallization order of feldspar and pyroxene (clino- and orthopyroxene) in the gabbros is reversed, and ophiolites also appear to have a multi-phase magmatic complexity on par with subduction zones. Indeed, there is increasing evidence that most ophiolites are generated when subduction begins and thus represent fragments of fore-arc lithosphere. This led to introduction of the term "supra-subduction zone" (SSZ) ophiolite in the 1980s to acknowledge that some ophiolites are more closely related to island arcs than ocean ridges. Consequently, some of the classic ophiolite occurrences thought of as being related to seafloor spreading (Troodos in Cyprus, Semail in Oman) were found to be "SSZ" ophiolites, formed by rapid extension of fore-arc crust during subduction initiation.[8]
A fore-arc setting for most ophiolites also solves the otherwise-perplexing problem of how oceanic lithosphere can be emplaced on top of continental crust. It appears that continental accretion sediments, if carried by the downgoing plate into a subduction zone, will jam it up and cause subduction to cease, resulting in the rebound of the accretionary prism with fore-arc lithosphere (ophiolite) on top of it. Ophiolites with compositions comparable with hotspot-type eruptive settings or normal mid-oceanic ridge basalt are rare, and those examples are generally strongly dismembered in subduction zone accretionary complexes.[citation needed]
Ophiolite groups and assemblages[edit]
Most ophiolites can be divided into one of two groups: Tethyan and Cordilleran. Tethyan ophiolites are characteristic of those that occur in the eastern Mediterranean sea area, e.g., Troodos in Cyprus and in the Middle East such as Semail in Oman, which consist of relatively complete rock series corresponding to the classic ophiolite assemblage and which have been emplaced onto a passive continental margin more or less intact (Tethys is the name given to the ancient sea that once separated Europe and Africa). Cordilleran ophiolites are characteristic of those that occur in the mountain belts of western North America (the "Cordillera" or backbone of the continent). These ophiolites sit on subduction zone accretionary complexes (subduction complexes) and have no association with a passive continental margin. They include the Coast Range ophiolite of California, the Josephine ophiolite of the Klamath Mountains (California, Oregon), and ophiolites in the southern Andes of South America. Despite their differences in mode of emplacement, both types of ophiolite are exclusively SSZ in origin.[9]
Ophiolite assemblages in the Alps and some other collisional mountain belts are not formed during subduction, but rather represent the thinned margin of the continent that forms during rifting and continental drift. This incipient ocean crust remains locked to the continental margin when the ocean basin closes, emplacing the incipient ocean crust into the collision zone.[citation needed]
It is interesting to note that the age of ophiolite formation is often close to the age of their emplacement into the continental crust. Ophiolites are found in all the major mountain belts of the world whether collisional (e.g., Himalayas) or not (e.g., Andes). The subduction-related chemistry of ophiolites and their association with mountain belts suggests that their formation and emplacement are related to oceanic closure and continental collision (final stages of the Wilson Cycle) rather than oceanic opening and seafloor spreading as was first thought.[citation needed]
Furthermore, the occurrence of ophiolites throughout Earth history is not constant but rather formed and emplaced at specific intervals. These intervals correspond closely to times of super-continent break-up and dispersal — not because they form at the ridges that separate the drifting continents but because the large ocean basin coexisting with any super-continent must subduct along new subduction zones as rifting progresses.[citation needed]
Ophiolite formation and emplacement[edit]
Ophiolites have been identified in most of the world's orogenic belts.[10] However, two components of ophiolite formation are under debate: the origin of the sequence and the mechanism for ophiolite emplacement. Emplacement is the process of the sequence's uplift over lower density continental crust.[11]
Origin as ocean crust[edit]
Several studies support the conclusion that ophiolites formed as oceanic lithosphere. Seismic velocity structure studies have provided most of the current knowledge of the oceanic crust's composition. For this reason, researchers carried out a seismic study on an ophiolite complex (Bay of Islands, Newfoundland) in order to establish a comparison. The study concluded that oceanic and ophiolitic velocity structures were identical, pointing to the origin of ophiolite complexes as oceanic crust.[12] The observations that follow support this conclusion. Rocks originating on the seafloor show chemical composition comparable to unaltered ophiolite layers, from primary composition elements such as silicon and titanium to trace elements. Seafloor and ophiolitic rocks share a low occurrence of silica-rich rocks; those present have a high sodium and low potassium content.[13] The temperature gradients of the metamorphosis of ophiolitic pillow lavas and dykes are similar to those found beneath ocean ridges today.[13] Evidence from the metal-ore deposits present in and near ophiolites and from oxygen and hydrogen isotopes suggests that the passage of seawater through hot basalt in the vicinity of ridges dissolved and carried elements that precipitated as sulfides when the heated seawater came into contact with cold seawater. The same phenomenon occurs near oceanic ridges in a formation known as hydrothermal vents.[13] The final line of evidence supporting the origin of ophiolites as seafloor is the region of formation of the sediments over the pillow lavas: they were deposited in water over 2 km deep, far removed from land-sourced sediments.[13] Despite the above observations, there are inconsistencies in the theory of ophiolites as oceanic crust, which suggests that newly generated ocean crust follows the full Wilson cycle before emplacement as an ophiolite. This requires ophiolites to be much older than the orogenies on which they lie, and therefore old and cold. However, radiometric and stratigraphic dating has found ophiolites to have undergone emplacement when young and hot:[13] most are less than 50 million years old.[14] Ophiolites therefore cannot have followed the full Wilson cycle and are considered atypical ocean crust.
Ophiolite emplacement[edit]
There is yet no consensus on the mechanics of emplacement, the process by which oceanic crust is uplifted onto continental margins despite the relatively low density of the latter. All emplacement procedures share the same steps nonetheless: subduction initiation, thrusting of the ophiolite over a continental margin or an overriding plate at a subduction zone, and contact with air.[15]
Hypotheses for ophiolite generation and emplacement[edit]
Emplacement by irregular continental margin[edit]
A hypothesis based on research conducted on the Bay of Islands complex in Newfoundland suggests that an irregular continental margin colliding with an island arc complex causes ophiolite generation in a back-arc basin and obduction due to compression.[16] The continental margin, promontories and reentrants along its length, is attached to the subducting oceanic crust, which dips away from it underneath the island arc complex. As subduction takes place, the buoyant continent and island arc complex converge, initially colliding with the promontories. However, oceanic crust is still at the surface between the promontories, not having been subducted beneath the island arc yet. The subducting oceanic crust is thought to split from the continental margin to aid subduction. In the event that the rate of trench retreat is greater than that of the island arc complex's progression, trench rollback will take place, and by consequence, extension of the overriding plate will occur to allow the island arc complex to match the trench retreat's speed. The extension, a back-arc basin, generates oceanic crust: ophiolites. Finally, when the oceanic lithosphere is entirely subducted, the island arc complex's extensional regime becomes compressional. The hot, positively buoyant ocean crust from the extension won't subduct, instead obducting onto the island arc as an ophiolite. As compression persists, the ophiolite is emplaced onto the continental margin.[16]
Ophiolites as trapped forearc[edit]
Ophiolite generation and subduction may also be explained, as suggested from evidence from the Coast Range ophiolite of California and Baja California, by a change in subduction location and polarity.[17] Oceanic crust attached to a continental margin subducts beneath an island arc. Pre-ophiolitic ocean crust is generated by a back-arc basin. The collision of the continent and island arc initiates a new subduction zone at the back-arc basin, dipping in the opposite direction as the first. The created ophiolite becomes the tip of the new subduction's forearc and is uplifted (over the accretionary wedge) by detachment and compression.[17] Verification of the two above hypotheses requires further research, as do the other hypotheses available in current literature on the subject.
Notable ophiolites[edit]
Examples of ophiolites that have been influential in the study of these rocks bodies are:
- Coast Range Ophiolite in the California Coast Ranges, from Santa Barbara through San Francisco Counties, California.
- Semail Ophiolite in Oman and the United Arab Emirates, widely considered one of the best exposed ophiolite sequences
- Troodos Ophiolite in the Troodos Mountains of Cyprus, in this case its study has partly been economically motivated as the copper deposits of Cyprus are part of the ophiolite.
- Macquarie Island, Tasmania, Australia was named a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1997, as "the only known example of an ophiolite...complex in the process of being formed and currently in its original geological setting".[18][dubious ]
- Bay of Islands Ophiolite in Gros Morne National Park, Newfoundland, named a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1987 because of its superbly exposed complete ophiolite stratigraphic sequence
- Yakuno, Horokanai, and Poroshiri, three full ophiolite sequences in Japan
- Dun Mountain Ophiolite Belt, South Island, New Zealand. The rocktype dunite is named after this locality.[19]
- Zambales ophiolite complex [20] including the Coto and Acoje blocks, Luzon, Philippines. The ~45 Myr old [21] Zambales ophiolite forms part of the basement of the Luzon island arc complex.[22]
- Naga Hills and Andaman ophiolite belt, Northeast India[23]
- Ophiolitic zone within Inner Dinaric Alps in Bosnia and Herzegovina, such as Varda, Konjuh, Ozren and Borja.
- ^ Brogniart, A. (1813)
- ^ Steinmann, G (1927)
- ^ a b Vine F.J. and Matthews D.H. (1963)
- ^ Gass, I.G. (1968)
- ^ Moores E.M. and Vine, F.J. (1971)
- ^ Dilek 2003, p. 5
- ^ Metcalf, R.V. and Shervais, J.W., (2008)
- ^ Shervais, J.W., (2001), Metcalf, R.V. and Shervais, J.W., (2008)
- ^ e.g. Shervais, J.W., (2001)
- ^ Ben-Avraham, Z., (1982)
- ^ Kearey, P., et al., (2009)
- ^ Salisbury, M.H., and Christensen, N.I., (1978)
- ^ a b c d e Mason, R., (1985)
- ^ Moores, E.M., (1982)
- ^ Wakabayashi, J. and Dilek, Y., (2003)
- ^ a b Cawood, P.A. and Suhr, G., (1992)
- ^ a b Wakabayashi, J. and Dilek, Y., (2000)
- ^ "Macquarie Island World Heritage values". World heritage places. Australian Government Department of the Environment. 24 April 2008. Archived from the original on 17 April 2012.
- ^ Johnston, M. R.; Nineteenth-century observations of the Dun Mountain Ophiolite Belt, Nelson, New Zealand and trans-Tasman correlations, Geological Society, London, Special Publications 2007, v. 287, p. 375-387
- ^ Rossman, D. L.; G. C. Castañada and G. C. Bacuta; Geology of the Zambales ophiolite, Luzon, Philippines, Tectonophysics, Volume 168, Issues 1–3, 20 October 1989, Pages 1–3, 7–22
- ^ Encarnación, John P.; Mukasa, Samuel B.; Obille, Eligio C. (1993-11-10). "Zircon U-Pb geochronology of the Zambales and Angat Ophiolites, Luzon, Philippines: Evidence for an Eocene arc-back arc pair". Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth. 98 (B11): 19991–20004. ISSN 2156-2202. doi:10.1029/93JB02167.
- ^ Encarnación, John (2004-11-08). "Multiple ophiolite generation preserved in the northern Philippines and the growth of an island arc complex". Tectonophysics. Continental Margins of the Pacific Rim. 392 (1–4): 103–130. doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2004.04.010.
- ^ Acharyya, S.K.; K.K. Ray and Subhasis Sengupta; The Naga Hills and Andaman ophiolite belt, their setting, nature and collisional emplacement history, Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Volume 18, Part 1, 1991, Pages 293–315
- Ben-Avraham, Z. et al. (1982) "The emplacement of ophiolites by collision," Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth (1978-2012) 87, no. B5, 3861-3867.
- Brongniart, A. (1813) Essai de classification minéralogique des roches mélangées, Journal des Mines, v. XXXIV, 190-199.
- Cawood, P. A. and G. Suhr (1992) "Generation and obduction of ophiolites: constraints from the Bay of Islands Complex, western Newfoundland," Tectonics 11, no. 4, 884-897.
- Church, W. R. and R. K. Stevens (1970) Early Paleozoic ophiolite complexes of the Newfoundland Appalachians as mantle-oceanic crust sequences, Journal of Geophysical Research, 76, 1460-1466
- Coleman, R. G. (1977) Ophiolites: Ancient Oceanic Lithosphere?, Springer Verlag, 229 pp
- Dilek, Y. (2003). "Ophiolite concept and its evolution" (PDF). In Dilek, Y.; Newcomb, S. Ophiolite concept and the evolution of geological thought. Special Paper 373. Geological Society of America. pp. 1–16. ISBN 0813723736. Retrieved December 2014. Check date values in:
- Encarnacion, J. (2004) Multiple ophiolite generation preserved in the northern Philippines and the growth of an island arc complex, Tectonophysics, 392, 103-130
- Gass, I. G. (1968) Is the Troodos massif of Cyprus a fragment of Mesozoic ocean floor?, Nature, 220, 39-42
- Kearey, P. et al. (2009) "Global Tectonics," New Delhi: John Wiley & Sons.
- Mason, R. (1985) "Ophiolites," Geology Today 1, no. 5, 136-140.
- Metcalf, R. V., and J. W. Shervais, (2008) Supra-Subduction Zone (SSZ) Ophiolites: Is There Really An "Ophiolite Conundrum"?, in James E. Wright and John W. Shervais, editors, Ophiolites, Arcs, and Batholiths: A Tribute to Cliff Hopson, Geological Society of America Special Paper 438, p. 191–222, doi:10.1130/2008.2438(07)
- Moores E. M. and F. J. Vine (1971) The Troodos massif, Cyprus, and other ophiolites as oceanic crust: Evaluation and implications, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, 268A, 443-466
- Moores, E. M. (1982) "Origin and emplacement of ophiolites," Reviews of Geophysics 20, no. 4, 735-760.
- Moores, E. M. (2003) A personal history of the ophiolite concept, in Dilek and Newcomb, editors, Ophiolite Concept and the Evolution of Geologic Thought, Geological Society of America Special Publication 373, 17-29
- Shervais, J. W., (2001) Birth, Death, and Resurrection: The Life Cycle of Suprasubduction Zone Ophiolites, Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, v. 2, Paper number 2000GC000080
- Salisbury, M. H. and N. I. Christensen (1978) "The seismic velocity structure of a traverse through the Bay of Islands ophiolite complex, Newfoundland, an exposure of oceanic crust and upper mantle." Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth (1978–2012) 83, no. B2, 805-817.
- Steinmann, G. (1927) Die ophiolitischen Zonen in den mediterranen Kettengebirgen, translated and reprinted by Bernoulli and Friedman, in Dilek and Newcomb, editors, Ophiolite Concept and the Evolution of Geologic Thought, Geological Society of America Special Publication 373, 77-91
- Vine, F. J. and D. H. Matthews (1963) Magnetic anomalies over ocean ridges, Nature, 199, 947-949
- Wakabayashi, J. and Y. Dilek (2000) "Spatial and temporal relationships between ophiolites and their metamorphic soles: a test of models of forearc ophiolite genesis." SPECIAL PAPERS-GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA, 53-64.
- Wakabayashi, J. and Y. Dilek (2003) "What constitutes 'emplacement'of an ophiolite?: Mechanisms and relationship to subduction initiation and formation of metamorphic soles." Geological Society, London, Special Publications 218, no. 1, 427-447.
External links[edit]
|The Wikibook Historical Geology has a page on the topic of: Ophiolites
|Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ophiolite.
- Ishiwatari, A. (2001). "Introduction to opholites". Kanazawa University. Retrieved 26 July 2016.
- Shervais, J. W. (2001). "Birth, death, and resurrection: The life cycle of suprasubduction zone ophiolites" (PDF). Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems. 2. Bibcode:2001GGG.....2.1010S. doi:10.1029/2000gc000080. Retrieved 26 July 2016.
- Ofioliti, an international journal on ophiolites and modern oceanic lithosphere
- Gallery of ophiolitic rocks published on Flickr by Ohio State University


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Auburn, CA
A very brief historical look
|The California Gold Rush
Auburn was founded at the beginning of the California Gold Rush in 1849, when Claude Chana (statue at left) discovered gold in the streambed of what is now Auburn Ravine Creek. Indeed, the first California gold discovery site by James Marshall at John Sutter's sawmill in Coloma is only about 20 minutes south on State Route 49. For some time, Auburn was the eastern terminus of the Central Pacific Railroad which would eventually link up with the Union Pacific at Promontary Point in Utah and become the first transcontinental rail link.
The North and Middle Forks of the American River join just below Auburn, and continue on down into Folsom Lake. Their confluence is the site of the 3rd highest bridge in the US, a span some 700' above the river. The Foresthill Bridge was built to span the lake that would be formed by the now-abandoned Auburn Dam, and has been the site of a number of stunts for films ... the latest being the opening scene in Vin Diesel's "XXX." If you are planning to visit in the area, this web site includes some brief information on accommodations. The Auburn web site is at http://www.auburn.ca.gov/.
"The Coolie"
The Coolie is one of a number of large concrete statues created by Dr. Kenneth Fox, a local dentist. Most of Dr. Fox's work depicts characters from the Gold Rush era (another of his large statues is of Claude Chana and is in Old Town Auburn -- see above). The Chinese came (or, in some cases, apparently were brought) to Auburn to provide labor for the building of the transcontinental railroad. This statue currenly resides at the top of Lincoln Way (part of the old Lincoln Hwy, and later part of US 40), next to the old depot.
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Southwest Behavioral Health Service's Homeless Outreach, a non-profit program to help homeless individuals with mental illness, is requesting donations of hot weather supplies. This is not a traditional shelter or food bank but a mobile program that delivers supplies to the homeless where they live on the streets, in alleyways, riverbeds, parks and near deserted buildings. On scheduled days they visit soup kitchens, pocket shelters and transport homeless to mental health and substance abuse screenings. Items that SBH's Homeless Outreach is requesting include water, sunscreen, hats or caps, lip balm, hygiene kits, shoes, socks underwear and lightweight T-shirts.
Supply donations can be dropped off at the front office of Southwest Behavioral Health, 3450 N. Third St. in downtown Phoenix, from 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. Call (602) 265-8338 for more information. Items can also be dropped off at SBH's Homeless Outreach offices at the Day Resource Center, from 7 a.m. to 4 p.m., Monday through Friday, 1125 W. Jackson, Suite 448, Phoenix. Contact them at (602) 393-9930, ext. 3444, or (602) 525-4264 (mobile). It is recommended to call before making any drop-offs to the Day Resource Center. Monetary donations are also welcomed.


text:
Make Your Bed
"When I was researching my book on happiness, this was the number one most impactful change that people brought up over and over," says author Gretchen Rubin. Turns out, people are happier when everyday tasks in their lives are completed. And if hospital corners don't do it for you, test out other small ways to make your life more efficient and pleasant. Shoot for concrete changes: hanging a key hook in your entryway, finally moving your banking online. Or they can be behavioral: say, cracking the code to curing your persistent tardiness.


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Traveling Vietnam Memorial Wall - Intrepid Sea, Air & Space Museum
Hours: Open 24 hours
Ages: All
Pier 86, W. 46th St. & 12th Ave. - 212-245-0072
New York, NY 10036
Description: The Dignity Memorial Vietnam Wall, a traveling, three-quarter scale replica of the Vietnam Veterans Memorial in Washington, D.C., will be on display for the first time ever in Manhattan when it opens to the public at the Intrepid Sea, Air & Space Museum from November 8 to 20, 2011. The Wall will be displayed on Intrepid?s Pier 86 and be open 24 hours a day. Admission is free of charge. The Dignity Memorial Vietnam Wall stands eight feet tall and stretches 240 feet long. It is inscribed with the names of more than 58,000 Americans who died in combat or are currently listed as missing in Vietnam. Since its inception in 1990, the traveling monument has been displayed in more than 200 cities across the country, allowing millions of visitors to experience the healing power of the memorial. The Wall has become a place of healing and remembrance for all Americans - representing in equal measures the loss associated with the Vietnam War era, as well as the heroism, courage, and bravery of the soldiers who fought. It brings healing to Veterans, awareness to younger generations and contemplation to all who gaze into its reflective surface. The Museum will also offer special events and programming centered on the Wall, veterans and the history of the Vietnam War era, including a special Veterans Day Ceremony. Check www.intrepidmuseum.org for up to the minute details. The Dignity Memorial Vietnam Wall is sponsored by these local funeral providers: Riverside Memorial Chapel, Frank E. Campbell The Funeral Chapel, Andrett Funeral Home, Chas. Peter Nagel Funeral Directors, Walter B. Cooke Funeral Home and Gramercy Park Memorial Chapel. The Intrepid Sea, Air & Space Museum is proudly supported by Bank of America.


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Sally Plumb Plumb
Sally Plumb Plumb (23 9 1940 / Haverhill Suffolk England)
» Click to list general statistics » OR, select a date :
Aunt Summer Rose (Kids Stuff)
Home cooked fancies
filled with jam,
shining teapot, sugar
topped basin.
read more >>
- Hits: Number of visitors who read the poem on the given date.
- Posts: Number of visitors who posted the poem to a friend (via e-mail) on the given date.
- Dates that have "0" hits may not be shown on the list.
- Dates, poems and poets that have "0" hits may not be shown on the list. Statistics are generated daily.


text: DIY Coffee Cuff nataliezdrieuEditor-in-Chief of CRAFT, www.craftzine.com View more articles by nataliezdrieu By nataliezdrieunataliezdrieuEditor-in-Chief of CRAFT, www.craftzine.com View more articles by nataliezdrieu @coquette May 8, 2007, 5:34 pm PDT Facebook Twitter Google+ Pinterest LinkedIn Digg Del StumbleUpon Tumblr VKontakte Print Email Flattr Reddit Buffer Love This Weibo Pocket Xing Odnoklassniki ManageWP.org WhatsApp Meneame Blogger Amazon Yahoo Mail Gmail AOL Newsvine HackerNews Evernote MySpace Mail.ru Viadeo Line Flipboard Comments Yummly SMS Viber Telegram Subscribe Skype Facebook Messenger Kakao LiveJournal x Go Green and make this reusable coffee "cuff" for the next time you are about to head out to your favorite coffee joint. Poppy of Poppy Talk also used a Gocco machine to stamp the skull image. [ via ] Link. Advertisement Show comments ×


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As of today, it is illegal to simultaneously drive and talk on a cell phone in California, excepting only calls to emergency services. There's no grace period, and under-18s can't even use a hands-free kit. You guys just have to completely shut up now.
One's first conviction gets a $20 fine, while repeat hits are for $50. Administrative fees will be added on top, potentially tripling the base fine.
The law doesn't specifically ban texting, however, which remains under the ambit of driving while distracted.


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Mobile operator MTS Belarus has announced that the number of people signed up to its 3G mobile internet services increased by 12% in the three months ended 30 September 2012 to more than 800,000; the cellco closed out June 2012 with around 715,000 3G users. MTS is driving uptake for mobile broadband by continuing efforts to modernise its network. It now claims to cover the entire territory of the Republic with a total of 1,698 base transceiver stations (BTS), of which half are able to support dual-carrier HSPA+ with maximum download speeds of 42Mbps. In the third quarter the operator added 3G in a number of new locations in the Brest region (Baranovichi), Shavrova (Vitebsk), Grodno and Lida, Neman (Minsk), Borisov (Minsk region) and in parts of Mogilev.
In a separate development, MTS Belarus says it hopes to complete the deployment of its Ethernet network in the Serebryanka residential quarter in Minsk by 15 November 2012. Upon completion, customers signing up to its Household Connect tariff plans will be able to get a 5Mbps (maximum) connection free for the first month. MTS already offers the Ethernet service in the Chizhovka residential quarter in the capital.
Source: TeleGeography.
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2012 IW Best Plants Conference SlideshowApr 25, 2012
IndustryWeek's 2012 Best Plants conference was 2.5 days of plant tours, keynote speakers, educational sessions, networking and a rousing social event at Lucas Oil Stadium in Indianapolis. Here is a quick tour of 2012 version of this annual event. The conference took place April 23-25.


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To celebrate her first ever one-year wedding anniversary, J.Lo received a $1 million engagement ring from her husband Marc Anthony
Sunday, Latin superstar Jennifer Lopez celebrated her first ever one-year marriage with husband Marc Anthony. To celebrate the momentous event, Anthony has given the beauty a $1 million engagement ring.
A family friend says, "It sounds a little odd, but Marc and Jennifer were never really engaged - they just got married. So, to mark their first anniversary, Marc officially proposed, this time presenting Jennifer with an engagement ring from exclusive jeweler-to-the-stars Neil Lane. It's huge, and it sparkles beyond belief. Jennifer was very excited to get it."


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Paternity Testing Disputes
Locate a Local Family Lawyer
What Is Paternity Testing?
Paternity testing may be needed when trying to verify the identity of a child's father. Such testing is often voluntary, such as when the parties agree to obtain testing outside of court. In other cases, paternity testing may be requested according to a judge's instructions or a court order. This can often occur in connection with a formal paternity hearing in court.
What Are Some Common Paternity Test Disputes?
Paternity disputes can sometimes arise in the course of a legal proceeding. A common dispute is where a party is contesting paternity on the basis of a paternity test. Some common paternity disputes involve issues such as:
- Errors with the lab test
- Fraud or deception regarding the results
- Issues regarding amount of monthly child support payments
- Disputes over termination of child support
- Visitation and custody rights
- Disputes over testing conducted during pregnancy (i.e., prenatal testing disputes)
Other disputes may involve documentation, such as birth certificates, etc. used during the testing procedures. Errors in an application can also play a factor as well.
How Are Paternity Test Disputes Resolved?
Paternity test disputes can sometimes be resolved through a second test. Sometimes a second opinion can help resolve issues like lab errors or mistakes. In most cases, paternity DNA tests are very accurate, and not subject to very many technical errors. However, human error can sometimes account for some mistakes in a paternity test. Thus, the court might search the records for errors made when entering data, etc.
Other disputes, such as disputes over child custody or support are often separate issued and may need additional proof. For instance, the court will likely require documentation for each party's finances and assets.
Do I Need a Lawyer for Help with Paternity Test Issues?
Paternity determinations can often be complex proceedings. You may need to hire a lawyer if you need help with a paternity test. Your attorney can provide you with responses and advice for your dispute. Also, if you need to file for damages or other types of rulings, your lawyer can represent your claim for those matters.
Consult a Lawyer - Present Your Case Now!
Last Modified: 02-27-2014 12:44 PM PST
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