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Winter Newsletter | Vol. 1 Issue 1 | 2013
2 | Department of Counseling and Family Studies
Student Spotlight
Faculty Spotlight
Alumni Spotlight
Surviving a Graduate Intensive
Inside Internships
The Column: Multicultural Issues with Dr. Moitinho Self Care with Dr. Sosin Spiritual Integration with Dr. Garzon Ethical Issues by Dr. Daniel
Professional Development AACC Conference
Winter Newsletter | 3
student spotlight
MORE SPECIFICALLY, WHAT BROUGHT YOU TO LIBERTY'S PROGRAM? When considering grad school, I was looking for a Christian environment. I went to a state school for my undergraduate degree and did not share the values of many of my professors and classmates. I was honestly tired of hearing my professors cuss in class! I started looking at seminaries first, but ultimately chose Liberty's program so that I could study to become a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (LMFT). My grandfather was a supporter of Liberty University and Jerry Falwell, Sr., so I had heard him talk about the school a lot. WHAT HAS YOUR INTERNSHIP BEEN LIKE? WHERE DO YOU SEE YOURSELF IN THE FUTURE? I hope to work with both families and couples as a LMFT. In my internship, I have met with individuals, couples, and families; I really enjoy the atmosphere of working with spouses together and with parents and their children. I recently had the opportunity to be trained in the Prepare/Enrich Model, an online inventory that helps couples identify areas of strength and growth.
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I am excited to begin to use this tool, and its associated therapeutic interventions, to help couples examine and strengthen their relationship. I'm not sure yet whether I will work in a church setting, in private practice, community mental health or some combination therein! WHAT IS THE BIGGEST THING YOU HAVE LEARNED FROM LIBERTY'S PROGRAM THUS FAR? I've learned how important it is to take care of myself. I can easily stress out over little things and put too much pressure on myself, but I'm learning to balance my life and not find my identity solely in my schoolwork. Through grad school, I've also developed the habit of processing my thoughts and feelings by journaling out prayers to God. Sometimes it is a huge weight lifted just to "get it out" and talk to God about it as I write. WHAT ADVICE DO YOU HAVE FOR INCOMING STUDENTS? In grad school, many students make it their goal to get a 4.0 and graduate with all A's. However, I encourage you to focus on something more — developing yourself as a person — academically, yes, but also emotionally, spiritually, and relationally. Learn how to take care of yourself now and become the healthiest person you can be. It may be seeing a counselor in the Student Care Office, finding a mentor in your local church, talking to a trusted friend, or just processing your thoughts on paper. Grad school is hard work. There will be times when you are so stressed out and can't imagine how you will get everything done. Just take it one day at a time. Work out a schedule for each class so you can get your work done on time. Don't do it alone — get to know your classmates — because you'll need support and accountability for this journey.
And don't give up when it gets hard! As I'm in my internship now and actually meeting with clients, I can tell you, it will be worth it!
Don't give up when it get's hard! I'm in my internship now and actually meeting with clients, and I can tell you, it will be worth it!
WHAT MADE YOU CHOOSE COUNSELING? One reason I chose counseling as my career is because of how important my family is to me. My parents really helped me through middle school and high school. My mom especially was there for me, giving me someone to talk to and help me grow spiritually. Over the years, I watched extended family and friends struggle a lot in their marriage relationships. As a result, I developed an interest in working with couples and families. Divorce affects Christian and nonChristian couples alike, and I want to help families by providing a safe place to explore challenges, work through conflict, strengthen communication, and cultivate honesty instead of secrets.
WHAT HAS HELPED YOU STAY BALANCED? WHAT DO YOU DO FOR FUN? One way that I try to stay balanced is by running and exercising regularly. This helps me manage my stress and maintain a positive attitude. Though I'm not able to run as much as I would like because of work and school, I try to make exercise a priority and also sign up for races in my area when I can. I have to add here that I did get married while in grad school. If you are in the same spot, take heart! It can be done! My husband Blake and I adjust our schedules to prioritize time for each other while not overcommitting ourselves. We also go out with our Sunday school class sometimes, and I really enjoy getting to spend time with other couples. In what little free time we have, Blake and I have been to several NASCAR races at the Martinsville Speedway. This is a fun way for us to connect and do something non-school related. We both have favorite drivers, so it can get pretty competitive!
Kristen Edmondson M.A., Marriage and Family Therapy (2013)
Through grad school, I've also developed the habit of processing my thoughts and feelings by journaling out prayers to God.
Kristen Edmondson Winter Newsletter | 5
faculty spotlight
66| Department | DepartmentofofCounseling Counselingand andFamily FamilyStudies Studies
Dr. Hinson I visited a much different Liberty University than what you see when you drive through campus today. My wife and I, then parents of teenage sons, were very anxious about this transition in our lives, but knew that it was a change that God was directing. It was the assurance of His will that kept us moving forward. When we first moved to Lynchburg, all four of us lived in our camper for a month. Let me tell you, our journey was filled with excitement and new adventures! The Cinemark Movies 10, where we could see a movie for a dollar, was a wonderful blessing as well. What influenced us most in coming to Liberty was none other than the Holy Spirit. The counseling program and department were much smaller when I was student, but the professors were a loving group of men and women who really desired to invest in students' lives, much like what you see today. God blessed me with a GSA position during my first semester, and my main role was to assist the department chair.
Our counseling program continues to grow, change, and develop as we equip students to offer professional counseling in a variety of settings. Liberty now offers both a Licensed Professional Counselor and Licensed Marriage and Family Therapy licensure track within our master's program. For those who desire to serve others apart from licensure, we offer a degree in human services with seven different specializations, including business, communication studies, and health & wellness. Our LPC, LMFT, and human services degrees are available both online and residentially to fit each student's unique life situation and career goals. For clinicians who desire to develop their skills to the highest level, we provide doctoral training through a Ph.D. in Counseling with two specializations. As we move forward, I think it's important to remember where we have come from and to express our gratitude to those who have worked so hard to establish the Center for Counseling and Family Studies as we know it today. As founders of this program, Dr. Ron Hawkins and Dr. Ed Hindson have invested years of prayer, energy, and planning to make success a reality. In addition, many excellent professors have contributed to the program and the lives of countless students — mine included. I am so thankful to the professors I had and how they each enriched my life. It is my prayer that your time here with
us in the counseling department will be a season of encouragement, enrichment, and spiritual growth. In the coming years, I look forward to getting to know our students even more, and investing in their lives for the kingdom of heaven. It is my desire to celebrate with each of you in your accomplishments both throughout and beyond your time here as a student. May we always strive to make this a program that values integrity, excellence, research, and the integration of our faith in order to train up competent Christian counselors.
influenced " What us most in coming to Liberty was none other than the Holy Spirit.
In 1994, I moved my family to Lynchburg, Virginia to attend Liberty University and pursue my master's degree in professional counseling. Much research and prayer fueled this decision, as I had pastored a church for many years. I was open to attend any university that offered an opportunity for licensure along with a integrative and sound, Christian approach to counseling. This mix was not easy to find, as you may well know. The morning after I resigned from my church, my wife and I packed our bags to visit Liberty University.
Victor Hinson, Ph.D., serves as the professor of counseling in the Center for Counseling and Family Studies at Liberty University. He has over 16 years of experience as the senior pastor of churches, mentoring individuals, teaching groups, and facilitating small group therapy in churches and the community. His research interests include clinical mental health counseling, group counseling, marriage and family therapy, and adult children of alcoholics.
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Alumni Spotlight
The Experience: Past, Present, and Future
8 | Department of Counseling and Family Studies 8 | Department of Counseling and Family Studies
alumni spotlight
CURRENT OCCUPATION Professional christian counselor for Light Counseling, Inc. in Lynchburg, Va. and a private practice in Greensboro, N.C.
I have taught both middle school and high school, and served as an athletic coach, a musician, and a pastor. I even experienced unemployment for a while. It's been quite a journey of faith!
TELL US A LITTLE ABOUT WHAT YOU DO? First of all, I love what I do! Oftentimes when you're in the throes of grad school, it's easy to wonder if it will be worth it. From the other side, let me tell you … it is! Currently, I am a Christian counselor for Light Counseling, Inc. in Lynchburg, Va. In addition to working in private practice, I teach as an adjunct professor for Mt. Olive College in North Carolina and for Liberty University Online. I also work parttime for the AACC in the professional development department. Prior to coming to Lynchburg, I was a Christian counselor near Ft. Bragg, N.C. assisting our military personnel and their families. I also served as a counselor in a church setting, an ordained minister, and a Licensed Professional Counselor.
While pastoring, I began to develop a passion for "practical theology" as a more viable way to help searching and hurting people. Noticing that people felt very at ease with me and would seek me out for advice, my wife encouraged me to focus my ministry on the counseling arena. I began to meet with premarital couples in my church…and found counseling very rewarding.
WHAT SURPRISED YOU ONCE YOU STARTED WORKING IN THE FIELD? After pouring over countless counseling textbooks in school, I was surprised at how many of my clients have had negative experiences in past counseling sessions and received little help. Through this, I've realized that people can usually tell if a counselor genuinely cares and is passionate about what they do, or just views their session as another appointment on the schedule. If you don't believe in counseling, don't expect your clients to buy into it. I was also surprised by the long process (including forms, wait times, etc.) that is involved in being accepted onto insurance panels. Patience and trust in the Lord is needed throughout the process! HOW DID YOU FIND YOUR NICHE IN TERMS OF THE CLIENTS YOU WORK WITH NOW? I have to admit, I am a late bloomer. Can anyone else relate? I have had a lot of vocational experience in multiple careers, including insurance underwriting, customer service and sales, and retail management.
I was in my 40s when I decided to complete Liberty's M.A. in Professional Counseling program. Because I was working full time and we were raising a family of five children, Liberty's online degree program gave me the flexibility and freedom to take my time. I crept my way through the program, taking one class at a time, but I got it done. If you are trying to balance working, raising a family, and going to school, don't get discouraged…it's definitely possible. Just pace yourself and celebrate each assignment and class you complete. When I started meeting with clients, I found that because of my diverse vocational experiences, I was able to relate to just about anyone. What a blessing! As an LPC and a "generalist," I have seen several specialties emerge over the years. I counsel many couples, individuals with anxiety, depression, and addictions (especially pornography), military personnel, and sexual abuse victims. I have counseled both adults and adolescents, and really enjoy the variety that comes with being an LPC. WHAT WAS THE PROCESS LIKE FOR YOU BETWEEN GRADUATION AND LICENSURE? To be honest, it was a stressful process. I was working full time in ministry, so carving out time for counseling hours was not easy. Also, in North Carolina, I only had two years to complete my needed hours. However, my residency proved to be a huge opportunity to trust God and just stay the course one counseling hour at a time.
Philippians 4:6 really came alive for me: "Do not be anxious about anything [even counseling licensure!], but in every situation, by prayer and petition, with thanksgiving, present your requests to God…" With about seven weeks to spare, I completed every single one of my 3,000 hours of supervised professional practice, and submitted my paperwork to the state board. Thanks be to God! WHAT ADVICE DO YOU HAVE FOR RECENT GRADUATES? The first thing I would recommend is to secure professional supervision and start job hunting as soon as possible — even before you sign up for your internship. Network with other professionals in your area and contact your state's licensing board to get a list of potential supervisors. Also, it's critical to work within your passion; otherwise, you are at high risk for burnout. There are many distinctions in counseling, and none of us can be effective in all of them. Try to meet with a variety of clients early on and see what areas/populations you most enjoy working with. Then, get further training in your niche areas. Finally, know what you don't know; and be willing to keep learning. Counseling is not just a process for the client, it is a process for the counselor as well. Graduate studies provide a good foundation, but I learned that I gained the most through supervision, various continuing education (CE's) courses, and simply by doing (and messing up sometimes, too!). A new graduate may feel like a "deer in the headlights" when they begin their residency hours, but be patient with yourself, seek out experienced counselors for support, and take advantage of CE classes that are offered in your area.
Dr. Robert B. Shaw M.A., Professional Counseling, Liberty University (2004) D.Min., Formational Counseling, Ashland Theological Seminary (2010) Dually licensed in N.C. (LPCS) and Va. (LPC), and a licensed supervisor
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SURVIVING A GRADUATE What comes to your mind when you hear the word "intensive"? Endless hours of boring lectures? A sore back from sitting too long? All-nighters? Countless cups of coffee? Think again. One Liberty grad shares, looking back,
"My 512 intensive is by far my favorite course in the entire program. I really enjoyed the class interaction and the ability to participate in process groups." "Tough, but totally worth it," another student remembers. "I loved meeting my classmates, literally from all around the country, and building new friendships that will hopefully last a lifetime." An intensive course is just that … intense! However, with preparation, time management, self-care, and the support of family and friends, an intensive can be one of the most fun and rewarding experiences of your graduate program. All Liberty intensive classes are one week in length and are held at our residential campus in Lynchburg, Va.
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AT LEAST THREE INTENSIVES ARE REQUIRED FOR THE M.A. IN PROFESSIONAL COUNSELING AND MARRIAGE & FAMILY THERAPY PROGRAMS. SEVERAL OTHERS ARE AVAILABLE AS ELECTIVES COUN 505: Counseling Techniques and the Helping Relationship
COUN 667: Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment Planning
COUN 512: Group Process
1010 | Department | Department of Counseling of Counseling andand Family Family Studies Studies
START YOUR INTENSIVES EARLY AND SPACE THEM OUT Don't wait until your last semester, or you might run the risk of delayed graduation! And nobody wants that kind of stress on top of grad school itself. Take a look at your Degree Completion Plan (DCP) and schedule your intensives over several semesters. This gives you the opportunity to meet and network with other classmates throughout your program. Also, due to the intensity of the class format, it's a good idea to avoid taking intensives two weeks in a row.
CLEAR YOUR SCHEDULE AHEAD OF TIME AND ASK OFF FROM WORK Think it through. Before you sign up for an intensive, make sure you are free and available that week. Check with your employer ahead of time and get approval for taking time off, as some jobs have certain "black out" dates where you cannot take off. It's also a good idea to run the class dates by your spouse and/or family to prevent scheduling conflicts. This way, you can avoid the hassle of trying to switch sections and being wait-listed.
SIGN UP FOR INTENSIVES AS SOON AS REGISTRATION OPENS Because COUN 505, 512, and 667 are required, course sections fill up very quickly. It's a good idea to mark your calendar for the date that class registration opens. Some students even stay up until midnight the day before in order to make sure they get the classes and dates that best suit their schedule.
WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW by Laura Captari
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RESERVE YOUR FLIGHT AND HOTEL THROUGH BOOKING PORTAL You're already spending valuable money on tuition and books, so take advantage of the Liberty University Booking Portal. Here, you can book local hotel accommodations as well as any flight or car rental needs — all with Liberty University negotiated rates! If you have problems or questions, please feel free to contact the Liberty University Travel Office via email at travel@liberty. edu or phone at (434) 592-6540. And make sure to double-check your dates before booking (nothing like paying an airline change fee because you were distracted!).
READ YOUR SYLLABUS AND COURSE CHART CAREFULLY There's no need to lose points on an assignment because you skimmed over the directions and missed something. Download your syllabus and course chart as soon as possible, and set aside time to read it in detail. If you have any questions, email your professor as soon as possible to clear up the confusion, or ask a friend who has already taken the course.
START ON PRE-INTENSIVE WORK AT LEAST A MONTH BEFOREHAND I know it may sound extreme, but there is nothing worse than pulling an all-nighter Sunday night before your first class to get it all done.You will be miserable. So, buy your textbooks as soon as you complete course registration and get started. Keep in mind that graduate intensives require significant preparation, including reading (sometimes multiple textbooks), watching DVDs, completing workbooks, and/or writing papers. Make a plan and pace yourself.
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GET TO KNOW YOUR CLASSMATES BEFORE YOU COME Take advantage of technology to start getting to know the people you'll be sitting in class with for eight hours a day. Grad school isn't just about learning, it's also about connecting with others and beginning to build professional relationships. Make sure to post your information on the introductory discussion board, and take time to read and respond to others. You can even connect through social media and make plans ahead of time to grab lunch or dinner as a group.
DONT RUSH — ARRIVE EARLY SO YOU CAN RELAX If possible, try to arrive on Sunday afternoon so you can settle in, grab dinner with classmates, and get rested before your first day of class. Graduate intensives typically run from 8 a.m.–4:30 p.m. Monday through Thursday and 8 a.m.–noon. Friday. After class gets out Friday, take some time to relax, grab coffee with friends, and maybe even explore campus a bit before you head home. Do not book a flight that leaves Friday before 3 p.m. (or before 5 p.m. for COUN 505). ARRANGE FOR ANY NECESSARY CHILDCARE Don't forget about your kids in the midst of planning! Obviously, you won't be there to meet the bus and cook dinner, so coordinate with your spouse or find a trustworthy babysitter to cover these responsibilities while you're away. Keep in mind that you will have homework in the evenings, so bringing your children along probably isn't the best idea. If you do, however, make sure you arrange for childcare while you are in class, as Liberty University does not provide this.
PRACTICE SELF-CARE THROUGHOUT THE WEEK To be honest, some stress is inevitable during an intensive, so how will you cope? Take advantage of all that Liberty has to offer! Liberty University has world-class facilities, where you can lift weights, rock climb, play basketball, soccer, volleyball… and so much more! Maybe you're feeling adventurous and want to try our year-round ski slope or ice skating rink. If you're in a more "chill" mood, pick up your favorite Starbucks drink at the Barnes and Noble on campus.
EAT HEALTHY, STAY HYDRATED, AND GET REST Intensives are often physically and emotionally draining, and the last thing you want is to get sick. Go to bed early — you will need your energy for class the next day! Also, avoid caffeinated drinks in the evening that might disrupt your sleep. And about your meals? Try to avoid eating burgers and fries all week. A healthy balanced diet, including fruits, vegetables, protein, and lots of water will improve your mood, attention span, and energy levels.
TAKE TIME TO RECHARGE AFTERWARD When Friday comes and you get ready to head home, remember that you've worked hard and deserve a break! So cut yourself some slack. Rather than being overwhelmed by the post-intensive assignments looming ahead, take a few days to recover. Celebrate what you've already completed! Take a nap. Watch your favorite TV show. Spend time with your family. After a rejuvenating weekend, make a plan to complete the remaining assignments. Pace yourself, and then take it one step at a time.
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inside internships
Inside Internships EXCLUSIVE Interview With Sylvia Lantz, LPC Sylvia Lantz, LPC
serves as Coordinator of Centra Psychiatric Program Services at Centra Virginia Baptist Hospital. Currently, six Liberty students (both master's and Ph.D. level) are interning at this site. Sylvia was gracious enough to share a little about the internship program, and she allowed us to pick her brain about what she looks for in an potential intern. Centra Virginia Baptist Hospital provides comprehensive acute inpatient psychiatric treatment for children, adolescents, adults, and seniors who are in crisis and in need of immediate stabilization. In addition, the on-site Pathways Treatment Center provides both outpatient and residential programs for the treatment of chemical dependency.
TELL US A LITTLE ABOUT THE INTERNSHIP PROGRAM YOU OFFER TO GRADUATE COUNSELING STUDENTS? Our internship program is intended to expose students to a wide variety of clinical populations. Graduate interns rotate between five different inpatient psychiatric units — child and adolescent, adult, geriatric, dual diagnosis, and chemical dependency. Interns assist the treatment team in assessment, diagnosis, treatment conceptualization, and charting, as well as having the opportunity to conduct individual or family and group sessions under supervision. By the completion of our one-year internship program, students have interacted with individuals with a variety of mental illnesses. This broad exposure often helps interns discover their niche area and what populations they most enjoy working with.
WHAT'S A TYPICAL DAY LOOK LIKE FOR ONE OF YOUR INTERNS? Interns participate in regular treatment team planning meetings with psychiatrists, psychologists, social workers, counselors, and nursing/support staff. Here, case notes are reviewed and individualized treatment plans are created for patients based on their diagnoses. Our interns also observe and gain experience in leading and co-leading therapy groups, including psycho-education, grief and loss, addiction, art therapy, dialectical behavioral therapy, psychotherapy, positive action, and more. As new patients are admitted, interns conduct psychosocial assessments, as well as facilitating individual and family counseling sessions. For each of these diverse therapeutic settings, our interns assist with charting and record-keeping.
1212 | Department of of Counseling and Family Studies | Department Counseling and Family Studies
WHAT ARE YOU LOOKING FOR MOST IN INTERNS YOU SELECT? When I interview potential interns, I'm looking for open-mindedness, humility, and the willingness to learn. Throughout their graduate studies, students often gain a lot of "head knowledge," but not much hands-on experience. Our internship program is designed to bridge that gap. I'd much rather select an intern who asks good questions and is eager to learn, as opposed to someone who thinks he/she is an expert. Also, working in an acute inpatient setting, interns will interact with patients with schizophrenia, major depression, bipolar disorder, anxiety disorder, personality disorder, head trauma, chemical addiction, and co-occuring disorder, to name a few. This is a wonderful learning opportunity — it brings the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) to life, but interns need both confidence and compassion to interact and engage with patients who are in many ways very different from them. WHAT ADVICE DO YOU HAVE FOR STUDENTS PREPARING FOR THEIR INTERNSHIP? Whatever setting you're considering for your internship, start the process of researching and contacting the site at least a semester in advance. We only have a limited number of internship spots, and they fill up quickly. This is true for many other agencies as well. I'd also encourage graduate students to take every opportunity to grow personally and professionally. This might mean getting personal counseling, attending trainings outside of your school curriculum, volunteering at a hospital or mental health clinic, and getting to know other professionals in the field. Self-awareness and interpersonal skills are important strengths to build that cannot be learned in class lectures. Learn about the counseling options in your area and begin to network even while you're still in school.
inside internships
Centra Virginia Baptist Hospital Lynchburg, va.
EXCLUSIVE Interview With Dorin Captari, M.A. ('13) Dorin Captari, M.A. ('13) is just finishing up his hours at Centra Virginia Baptist Hospital, where he has been interning since last summer. Dorin gave us the "inside scoop" about how he found his internship and what his experience has been like. HOW DID YOU FIND YOUR INTERNSHIP? I first heard about this internship during Graduate Orientation at Liberty University before even taking my first graduate course. Each of the faculty were introducing themselves, and Dr. Gary Sibcy shared that, in addition to teaching, he was also a psychologist at Centra Virginia Baptist Hospital. Growing up my mom was a nurse, so I had a lot of exposure to hospitals from an early age and was always fascinated by this treatment setting. In that moment, listening to Dr. Sibcy share about his job, I remember thinking, I hope to become an intern at Virginia Baptist Hospital one day. Later on in my program, I talked to Dr. Sibcy in person and began to pursue this dream. WHAT HAVE YOU MOST ENJOYED ABOUT YOUR INTERNSHIP EXPERIENCE HERE? HAS ANYTHING SURPRISED YOU? It has been wonderful to interact with so many different populations within one internship setting. Rotating between all five psychiatric units, I've worked with patients from early childhood to later life — across the gamut of mental illness. I am very grateful to the staff for giving me the opportunity to try out a wide range of approaches and interventions in individual, group, and family counseling sessions. What has surprised me the most is honestly how much I've learned on the job…in real time. Not to say that my educational experience didn't teach me anything, but when push comes to shove, and I'm sitting across from a client, I've gained the confidence to try out new techniques, failing at some and succeeding in others. Under Sylvia's supervision and feedback, I've significantly broadened my skill set. My internship experience has helped me to identify my passion for working with those struggling with chemical dependency, and I hope to pursue a career in this area. an internship can be tough, and many struggle with " Finding where to start. We're excited to feature an interview with an
internship site in each issue to give you the "inside scoop" and help you get prepared. - Dorin Captari
WHAT IS ONE THING YOU HAVE LEARNED THROUGH YOUR HANDS-ON COUNSELING EXPERIENCE THUS FAR? When I feel "stuck" in a session and am not sure where to go, I've learned that I can always fall back on the basic counseling skills of empathy, active listening, reflecting, and summarizing/paraphrasing. These skills that I first learned in COUN 505 have taken me a long way in both individual and group counseling sessions, and proven very powerful in leading to insight and change. Secondly, I've also learned how much I still have to learn! In order to be able to provide the best possible care to my patients, I've tried to read up on evidence-based treatments for various disorders throughout my internship. As a future counselor, I know that I will have to keep up to date with the latest research and treatment strategies, too….I can't just rest on the classes that I took during my graduate career. I guess this field never gets boring! SPEAKING TO FUTURE INTERNS, WHAT DO THEY NEED TO KNOW AHEAD OF TIME? I would advise students to seek out personal counseling throughout graduate school, and especially before starting their internship. Even if you think that you don't have any current concerns, I believe it is very beneficial to spend some time in the client's chair and see things from that perspective. My own experience with counseling has enhanced my empathy for clients and I see the courage and tenacity it takes to address challenges, seek out help, and take steps toward change. Also, I'd encourage future interns to pay attention in classes, rather than "coasting" through school. When you get out there and start your internship, you will have to rely on what you have learned in your graduate courses. It's not just a matter of your grades … it's really people you will be meeting with who are hurting and searching for answers! It's such a privilege, but also a tremendous responsibility.
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the Column multicultural Issues || dR. mOITINHO
Cultural Competency Lessons from Dr. Moitinho As you move along in your journey as a counselor in training, you are going to engage in multicultural counseling. Whenever you start a practicum or internship, you will begin to counsel real people who have real problems, and, chances are, many of your clients will have cultures different from yours. As you already know, the U. S. has a diverse population. According to the U.S. Census Bureau (2012), "the nation is moving toward becoming more racially and ethnically diverse." As a Christian counselor, you must be culturally competent to counsel an ethnic and culturally diverse client population. In fact, the Association for Multicultural Counseling and
Development (1996) developed multicultural counseling competencies, which include counselor's awareness of his or her own cultural values and biases, awareness of the client's worldview, and the use of culturally appropriate intervention strategies. This means that you need to be equipped with the knowledge and skills to understand and assist clients of diverse cultures and worldviews. In addition to the competencies above, as Christian counselors, we are commanded in Scripture to love God and love people (Matthew 22:36-40). Therefore, we must seek to view every client as created in the image of God with intrinsic worth (Genesis 1:26-27) and as someone for whom Christ died (2 Cor. 5:15). Furthermore, we must develop a biblical understanding of relating to people from different ethnic backgrounds (Acts 10:34-35).
1. Be aware of stereotypes One of the major challenges in multicultural counseling is dealing with stereotypes. Being careful not to overgeneralize information learned about a particular cultural group and attribute it to every client of that group is essential. Thus, you need to be mindful of group variations due to multiple variables such as immigration, family history, acculturation, language, socio-economic status, and education, to name a few.
3. Learn to listen to cultures and contextualize biblical principles Missionaries seeking to share the Gospel in relevant and meaningful ways begin by listening, studying, and seeking to understand particular ethnic and cultural groups. Similarly, you can begin familiarizing yourself with different cultures right now. Consider how unique backgrounds may impact the counseling process. Seek to engage culture in creative ways to introduce biblical principles to your clients.
2. Seek to overcome ethnocentrism The Merriam-Webster's online dictionary defines ethnocentric as a person having "the attitude that one's own group is superior." You overcome ethnocentrism by not judging other client's cultures based on the norms and worldview of your own culture. Avoid viewing different norms and behaviors of other cultures as "weird," "strange," or worse yet, as "pathological."
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4. Reflect on the multicultural applications of what you are learning As you go through Liberty's counseling program, do not limit your knowledge of multicultural counseling to what you learn in COUN 504. Rather, think about how the knowledge or interventions you are learning in each course can be applied to particular cultural groups. Also, reflect on what modifications are needed in a particular technique or intervention for greater effectiveness with specific cultural groups.
Elias Moitinho, Ph.D., LPC-S, LMFT, BCPCC serves as Director of M.A. Licensure Programs in Counseling, Director of Clinical Training, and Associate Professor of Counseling at Liberty University. Dr. Moitinho has many years of pastoral ministry, counseling, and teaching experience. Having served in various roles such as pastor, counselor, seminary professor, and director of a Christian counseling center, he is interested in cross-cultural counseling, focusing specifically on the Hispanic and Latino populations. In addition to his ministry experience in his native country of Brazil, Dr. Moitinho has taught as a guest professor in seminaries in Mexico, Cuba, and Spain.
the Column Dr. sosin || self-care
RESPONSIBLE SELF-STEWARDSHIP Preface from Dr. Sosin In the last 27 years of clinical practice, I have repeatedly heard from counselees that their previous treatment was ineffective and did not contain the essential components necessary for competent practice. These include biopsycho-social-spiritual assessment, case conceptualization and written evaluation, DSM diagnosis, treatment plans, researchbased interventions, and outcome measurements. Such therapy failures are a tragedy because experience and research both indicate that good psychotherapy works (Duncan, Miller, Wampold, & Hubbold, 2009) and has outcomes equal to those found in the practice of medicine (Carr, 2009). "Good therapy, however, is highly contingent on the skill and health of the clinician" (Sperry, 2011).
Lisa S. Sosin, Ph.D., L.P.C., L.L.P. is the Associate Director of Ph.D. Programs in Counseling and Associate Professor at the Liberty University. Dr. Sosin has over 25 years of experience as a clinical psychologist and licensed counselor whose practice includes the assessment and treatment of children, adults, couples, and families. Her other responsibilities include: teaching, supervising, public speaking, and consulting to clinicians in training physicians, educators, organizations, and clergy. Dr. Sosin's educational passion is to equip Christian counselors to provide empirically based biopsycho-social-spiritual treatment to the glory of God and the good of His creation.
In addition to excellent training, one means of insuring quality care involves wise and responsible "self-stewardship," a term that I, like Canning (2011), prefer to "self-care." This column will explore topics related to counselor efficacy and, in particular, how counselors can remain vital and effectual in the field via purposeful self-stewarding practices. Each issue will include an introduction to a topic, a case study, and applications for practice. This edition covers the use of process notes to help counselors recognize and responsibly manage personal reactions that could potentially interfere with successful treatment.
Case Study Stephen awoke with a start only to find himself drenched in sweat. It was that same nightmare: the burning building, encroaching darkness, desperately looking for something; or was it someone? He turned on the light and focused on his wife's gentle and rhythmic breathing. Reaching his hand out, he lightly touched the side of her face. What was happening to him?
Stephen wiped the sweat from his neck and hands and began to reflect on this recurring phenomenon. He reached for his notebook and started writing. As he processed his thoughts and feelings, it became apparent that these nightmares had consistently occurred on the nights after he had seen Jamie, a young counselee who had been sexually abused by his father. As Stephen continued writing he also realized that in the last two sessions he had avoided helping Jamie experience the thoughts and feelings related to his abuse because it had been too painful for him to endure. He knew that in order for the trauma treatment to be effective, he needed to be ready to help Jamie not only tell, but experience, his thoughts and feelings related to the abuse (Foa, Hembree, & Rothbaum, 2007). As a result of these insights, Stephen made a decision to initiate personal counseling and discuss these issues with a supervisor as soon as possible.
Applications for Ethical and Effective Practice Like our counselees, we too have been impacted by the ravages of the Fall of Man and bear the scars of the Fall's biopsycho-social-spiritual devastation. We have had trauma and suffering that is stored as neurobiological galaxies with the potential to be triggered in situations that elicit the carefully tucked away affective and cognitive experiences they represent (Allen, 2001, Siegel, 2012). Keeping process notes is one way to responsibly steward ourselves and help ensure optimal functioning in this all-toohuman field of counseling. It is my hope and prayer that you remain cognizant of your internal world as you work with the people God brings your way. You will soon find that it makes a significant difference in your health and the health of your counselees. Winter Newsletter | 15
the column Spiritual Integration || Dr. Garzon
When is it appropriate to discuss spiritual topics? Students often ask this question as they move toward their internship. The good news is there's a lot you can do to explore spiritual coping and faith resources with interested clients, while staying within professional ethical guidelines and internship site rules. First, let's take a look at concerns some internship sites have when it comes to talking about faith and why it is important not to come across as solely proselytizing. Next, we'll consider professional ethical aspects, and finally, we'll examine practical questions you can ask that often reveal whether the client has faith resources. Some secular internship sites are concerned about whether an intern might proselytize in therapy. You would be, too, if you were in their shoes. For example, how would you feel about a Buddhist therapist who works with Christian clients and tries to convert them to Buddhism? How about a New Age therapist seeking to convert a Christian client? Rather than being anti-Christian, secular sites worry about opening "Pandora's box" of religion with vulnerable and impressionable clients. While this can leave the impression that clinicians should never address religion in therapy, the ethical codes for licensed professional counselors, licensed marriage and family therapists, and clinical psychologists bring balance to the situation (See, for example, 2005 American Counseling Association ethics codes B.1, C.5, E.6.c, E.8, and F.2.b.). All of these professional codes discuss the importance of cultural sensitivity, with religion being included as an aspect of such sensitivity. Thus, assessing and incorporating faith as an aspect of treatment when it is already a part of a client's culture is very ethical. The ethical concern about therapists imposing values must be balanced with cultural sensitivity towards clients when faith is one of their coping resources. So, what sorts of questions can you ask to help clients explore faith resources that may be a part of their life? First, if your site will allow a direct question, asking "Are spiritual or religious resources important in how you handle life's stressors?" can start the spiritual assessment process.
16 | Department of Counseling and Family Studies
how find COMFORT? what GIVES PURPOSE? do you
your life
art? your life? movies?
who Arole model do you consider
for how to live
life ?
how easy is it for you to
forgive yourself and others
for past hurts?
Chances are, if you ask the above questions and faith is an important part of your client's life, the topic of spirituality will emerge without a direct question. Thus, when internship sites are cautious about bringing up religion in counseling, the skilled therapist can still ask indirect questions to reveal these aspects of a client's life. Such conversations can help instill hope and strengthen a client's support system.
Fernando Garzon, Psy.D. has vast experience, including: practicing as a clinical psychologist, directing the provider services department of a managed care insurance company, being an associate pastor for a Latino church, and doing pastoral care ministry. His research interests focus on investigating Christian interventions in counseling and evaluating counselor education practices in spirituality.
the Column Dr. Daniels || Ethical Issues
Emotional Health: How Am I Doing (inside)? My friend was a successful marriage therapist in a large metropolitan area, who always had a waiting list of people in crisis, hoping for an opening in his busy schedule. He was outgoing, kind, and had the gift of always making every person he met feel like they were good enough. He was married with two teenage daughters and served as an elder in a large church, providing spiritual direction to the church and its members. He was all of these things before he hung himself. I bring up this true story because, looking back, I see, as do many of the people who loved him, that my friend took care of everybody else except for himself. Ultimately, not taking care of himself was one of the biggest factors that led to his death. Self-care is an important ethical issue in the helping professions, and an area that is critical to begin developing even while you are still in school. Self-care has become such a pertinent topic that the American Counseling Association (ACA) recently appointed a special task force on counselor wellness and impairment to make recommendations on how counselors can promote their own emotional and mental health. The ACA has also included it in their code of ethics: Counselors are alert to the signs of impairment from their own physical, mental, or emotional problems and refrain from offering or providing professional services when such impairment is likely to harm a client or others (C.2.g). Referring to students working in practicum or internship settings, the ACA is equally clear:
Denise Daniel, Ph.D. is an associate professor in Liberty University's Center for Counseling & Family Studies. She is involved in classroom instruction, course development, and student advisement. Her research interests include online support groups, online therapy, women's issues and development.
Counselors-in-training refrain from offering or providing counseling services when their physical, mental, or emotional problems are likely to harm a client or others. They are alert to the signs of impairment, seek assistance for problems, and notify their program supervisors when they are aware that they are unable to effectively provide services. In addition, they seek appropriate professional services for themselves to remediate the problems that are interfering with their ability to provide services to others (F.8.b).
The American Counseling Association is asking that we "practice what we preach" because impaired counselors can harm both themselves and others. Elizabeth Venart, a counselor who served on the task force, points out, "Being emotionally attuned and available to clients increases our vulnerability in the work…And, yet, we cannot be effective in our work if we are not emotionally attuned and available. Within the counseling relationship and within the moment-by-moment interplay of each session, this is the ultimate balancing act…" Venart continues, "It is important for counselors to understand that there are risk factors inherent in the work and that noticing signs of stress or distress is a sign of health, not impairment. None of us is immune to the effects of the work" (Shallcross, 2011). Even more importantly, as Christian counselors, we must be willing to live within our limits. I sometimes have to remind myself that there is a God…and I am not Him! I have to remember that I do not have infinite resources that allow me to be everything to everybody. As much as I wish it were not the case, I am limited. I am human. I am not all-knowing or all-powerful. In fact, the reverse was, and is, part of Satan's lie: "…I will make myself like the most high!" (Isaiah 14: 14). As Christians and as counselors, our attitude needs to be that of humility. We can either choose to accept the limits that God has given us, or run ourselves into the ground. Even now—as a counselor in training—I encourage you to periodically step back from your busy life and ask an honest question: "How am I doing…. inside?" Take time to evaluate your heart and mind…your relationships and emotions. Whenever the answer to that question is, "Not so good," it is our Christian responsibility to humble ourselves and seek out the resources for our own healing and growth, which may include personal counseling, Christian community, setting boundaries, and more. Jesus invites us, "Come to me, all you who are weary and burdened…and you will find rest for your souls" (Matthew 11:28). So, how are you doing…inside?
Winter Newsletter | 17
AACC "Our Time is Now"
world conference A Special Message from Dr. Ron Hawkins, vice president for Academic Affairs & vice provost. Liberty University Learn what took place at the 2013 AACC "Our Time is Now" World Conference at the beautiful Opryland Hotel in Nashville, Tenn. Known as the world's premier Christian counseling event, a sellout crowd of nearly 7,000 counselors and pastors represented all 50 states and 50 countries.
pre-conference workshops
~ Plenary Speakers ~ Dr. James Dobson Max Lucado Ravi Zacharias John Eldredge Eric Metaxas Rick Rigsby
Congressman Randy Forbes (R-VA) Margaret Feinberg David Jeremiah Gabe Lyons Tullian Tchividjian Mark Driscoll
and more...
18 | Department of Counseling and Family Studies 18 | Department of Counseling and Family Studies
poster sessions
plenary speakers
~ Tim clinton ~ I can't think of a more personally and professionally enriching event for you to attend as a graduate counseling student. Liberty University was a proud platinum sponsor of this year's conference. We also had a large booth and display in the grand exhibition hall. Nearly all of our administration and faculty from the Center for Counseling & Family Studies were on-site at the Opryland. Many students had plenty of opportunities to meet and interact with Liberty faculty, staff and fellow students.
Tim Clinton is the president of the nearly 50,000 member American Association of Christian Counselors and executive director of the Liberty University Center for Counseling & Family Studies.
Faculty Presenters Gary Sibcy, Ph.D. Matt Staver, J.D. Edward John Kuhnley, M.D. Fernando Garzon, Psy.D. Elias Moitinho, PhD. David Jenkins, Psy.D. Victor Hinson, Ph.D. Ron Hawkins, Ed.D., D. Min. Eric Scalise, Ph.D. Ken Nichols, Psy.D. Amy Feigel, M.A. Laurel Shaler, Ph.D. Joshua Straub, Ph.D. Bob Shaw, D.Min.
"This was one of the most energizing, inspirational, and significant events in Christianity today." - Tim Clinton 19 | Department of Counseling and Family Studies
20 | Department of Counseling and Family Studies
Published on Nov 4, 2013
Semi-annual newsletter created and distributed by the Center for Counseling and Family Studies


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Research.Policy.News. The microbial sciences curated for you.
Research.Policy.News. The microbial sciences curated for you.
If you bake sourdough, starter cultures are a big deal. This mix of live yeasts and bacteria is what gives sourdough its distinctive taste. There are even heirloom starters that have supposedly been passaged for over 100 years! A group of researchers have crowd-sourced samples of sourdough starters from all over the world to study the variations between starters and their impact on finished sourdough bread, and to study the principles of microbial ecology in a relatively simple microbiome. Stay tuned for results from this ongoing project!
Original Articles can be found here:
The link between microbiome diversity and resistance to disease is often talked about, but is difficult to research. A new study investigated this topic by disrupting the exterior microbiomes of tadpoles and measuring their resistance to parasites later in life. Tadpoles were reared in either regular pond water, sterilized pond water, or sterilized pond water with long- or short-acting antibiotics. All the tadpoles were exposed to parasitic gut worms once they reached adulthood.
Tadpoles raised in sterile pond water with long-acting antibiotics took longer to reach adulthood and weighed less as adults. They also had the lowest diversity in their skin and gut microbiomes of all the experimental groups. Tadpoles raised in regular pond water had the greatest skin and gut microbial diversity.
When the frogs were exposed to parasitic worms, the same number of worms penetrated the guts of individuals in every experimental group, but the frogs that were raised in sterile pondwater or sterile pondwater with antibiotics ended up with significantly higher parasitic gut infestations. Frogs with higher gut microbiome diversity were more resistant to parasitic worms than frogs who had lower gut microbiome diversity.
Original article can be found here: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-017-00119-0
Many invertebrate animals, like green freshwater hydras, have symbiotic algae that live inside their cells; but only one species of vertebrate has algal symbionts: the salamander Ambystoma maculatum. Burns et al., from the American Museum of Natural History, compared gene expression patterns in Oophila amblystomatis algae that were 1) inside the salamanders' egg capsules but still extracellular and 2) inside the cells of salamander embryos. They found that algae that were inside embryo cells showed signs of stress and had converted from an oxidative metabolism to fermentation, and additionally used host glutamine as a source of nitrogen. In contrast, the salamander host cells did not exhibit a stress response. They also increased expression of some regulatory genes that are known to suppress immune responses, and the few immunity-related genes that were differentially expressed were mostly involved in innate immunity.
Image attribution: By Fredlyfish4 (Own work) CC BY-SA 3.0 via Wikimedia Commons
Original article can be found here.
A portion of the antibiotics we consume are flushed down the toilet, either directly (not a good idea…) or by way of the human gastrointestinal tract. The antibiotics we increasingly feed to our meat sources may also end up at our local wastewater treatment facility. A recent metagnomic analysis reveals that bacteria containing a large number of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and mobile elements (MEs) accumulate in our wastewater treatment plants, both in the activated sludge and anaerobic digestion processes. The ability of anaeorbic digestion to deactivate antibiotic resistant bacteria prior to biosolids utilization has been debated, and this study shows mixed results: anaeorbic digestion both increased and changed the overall abundance of ARGs but the number of MEs decreased. We should continue to monitor ARGs at our wastewater plants as we rely more heavily on antibiotics to protect and feed an ever growing human population.
Original article can be found here: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0043135417305651?via%3Dihub
When we talk about microbiomes, most people think of host-associated microbial communities. This makes sense because the term was first made popular by the Human Microbiome Project. Now, however, it has a broader meaning and refers to microbial communities everywhere, from buildings to natural hot springs. Microbial life can be found in the strangest places, and microbiome research is as diverse as the subjects it addresses.
Between June 17th and July 22nd, 2017, an international group of students will learn about the microbiome in yet another context: the earth's history. For most of the time our planet has been in existence, only microbial life could thrive. How microbes survived and influenced the conditions of early earth is one of the key questions in the field of geobiology.
Caltech and USC's Wrigley Institute are hosting the Agouron International Geobiology course, to give graduate students and postdocs the tools to reach beyond their own field and tackle this interdisciplinary problem. To chart our world's history accurately, we must examine rock records and the biomarkers we find in them.
Taking water chemistry and microbiome samples at Mono Lake, CA
Curious? Check out more here or follow along with #GeoBio17 on twitter for ongoing updates!
Gut microbiota are different in male and female mammals, but no one has determined whether these differences are produced by innate variations in the male and female immune systems or whether immune system variations were produced by the microbiota in the gut. To find out, Fransen et al examined the immune systems of male and female germ-free (GF) mice and discovered that innate differences in immunity already existed, including higher levels of type 1 interferon signaling in GF females and much higher levels of the gut microbes Alistipes, Rikenella, and Porphyromonadaceae, that proliferate in the absence of innate immune defense mechanisms, in GF males. The team then transferred gut microbiota from conventional male and female mice into GF mice of the same gender or the opposite gender. The female GF mice developed gut inflammations that produced weight loss and DNA damage if they received microbiota from conventional males. The authors concluded that microbiota-independent differences in the immune systems of males and females exist and drive gut microbiome differences between the genders. They warned that these differences should be considered when designing treatment strategies to normalize gut microbiota caused by disease.
Original Article: Frontiers in Immunity 2017, Volume 8, Article 754.
The rise of multidrug-resistant bacteria in recent decades has increased the need for alternative antimicrobial treatments. Antimicrobial peptides offer a promising solution because they can target both gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial strains, some viruses, and fungi. Bioprospecting in wild animals, which have been exposed to a wide array of microbial assaults throughout their evolutionary history, has proven very useful in the identification of such peptides. In a recent article published in NPJ Biofilms and Microbiomes, Chung et al. 2017 identified a potential antimicrobial peptide in plasma collected from Komodo dragons (Varanus komodoensis). The team named the molecule DRGN-1 and created a synthetic version of it that demonstrated antimicrobial activity against both gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa and gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus. It also inhibited the growth of biofilms and promoted wound healing.
Photo Credit: Tatiana Morozova
Chung, EMC, Dean, SN, Propst, CN, Bishop, BM, van Hoek, ML. (2017) Komodo dragon-inspired sythetic peptide DRGN-1 promotes wound-healing of a mixed-biofilm infected wound. npj Biofilms and Microbiomes, 3:9 doi:10.1038/s41522-017-0017-2
Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) is one of the most energy efficient biotechnologies for removing nitrogen from high-strength ammonium wastewaters. The system works using a combination of heterotrophic and anammox bacteria, but the specific metabolite exchange reactions between them in the anammox microbiome are poorly understood. The team used metagenomics and metatranscriptomics to explore these interactions and determined that the anammox bacteria provide amino acids and B-vitamins essential for anaerobic respiration and growth, and the protein-degrading heterotrophic bacteria liberate the amino acids and vitamins from the anammox matrix as well as scavenging and disposing of the cell debris and peptides anammox bacteria produce. The anammox bacteria Brocadia and the heterotrophic bacteria Chlorobi were the most dominant organisms, followed by heterotrophic bacteria affiliated with Chloroflexi, Bacteroidetes, and Proteobacteria.
The original article can be found here.
Quorum sensing, the production and detection of chemical signals produced when a critical mass of bacteria (a quorum) is present, allows bacterial cells to communicate with each other and coordinate their activities. Quorum sensing can happen between cells of the same species or between different species. One well-studied example of quorum sensing is bioluminescence in the bobtail squid using the bacteria Aliibivibrio fischeri. Producing light is energy-expensive, so these bacteria only do so when there are enough individuals collected to make the light visible when they glow.
The signaling molecules bacteria use to determine how many cells are present are generally made in their cytoplasms and then secreted into their environment. These molecules are different for each organism. How the molecules reach other cells is not fully understood, particularly if they cannot dissolve in water.
One option is membrane vesicles, bubbles of cell membrane enclosing fluid. We know that bacteria in some environments, such as the ocean, make a lot of these. This paper demonstrates that quorum sensing can occur via membrane vesicles in Paracoccus denitrificans, a gram-negative bacteria that is part of nitrate reduction. A strain of Paracoccus that was not able to produce a signaling molecule was able to produce a quorum sensing response when supplemented with membrane vesicles from the wild-type strain. Although this study focused on only one microbe, the results suggest that membrane vesicles may be an important mechanism of communication in microbiomes!
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is among the most common human cancers, and routine screening is recommended by the Department of Health and Human Services. There is now evidence of a relationship between gut bacteria and the development of these malignancies. The first clue was the association between the chronic gastritis caused by Helicobacter pylori infections in the stomach and low-grade, B-cell gastric lymphoma of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue. Clinicians also noted that patients who had Streptococcus bovis infections developed CRC, and research has proven that this is more than an anecdotal association. Several other organisms are associated with human colorectal cancer as well, including Fusobacteria and E. coli. There is a direct relationship between the abundance of these organisms and cancer, and also with the stage of disease and the presence of lymph node metastases. In contrast, Roseburia and Lachnospiraceae levels are lower in people with CRC.
Although the small bowel is significantly longer than the colon, cancers of the small bowel are much less common. Some researchers think the discrepancy occurs because there are almost one million times as many bacteria in the colon as in the small bowel, and this theory spurred more investigation into the role of gut microbiota in CRC development.
Studies in mice and rats have strengthened the case for a microbial contribution to colorectal cancer. Mice with genetic mutations that predispose them to CRC had less tumor growth if they were kept germ free and/or received antibiotics. A "dysbiotic" gut microbiome has also been found that induces colitis and CRC in mice and is transmissible, suggesting that gut bacteria induce inflammation and the resulting cell turnover leads to DNA damage and cancer.
It is still unclear whether any particular gut organism causes or prevents CRC. In the human studies published to date, samples were collected from CRC patients at the time of their initial therapeutic surgery and compared to healthy control microbiota sampled at a single time point, so it was not possible to determine whether the microbiome seen at surgery was present before the malignancy developed or was due to mucosal disruption and inflammation caused by the cancer.
More studies that look at gut microbiota before cancer develops and follow participants over a number of years will be necessary to determine whether cancer causes dysbiosis or vice versa. It will also be important to factor diet into the equation because there appears to be a strong link between the consumption of red meat, processed meat, and CRC.
© 2017 MicroNow
© 2017 American Society for Microbiology
All Rights Reserved

subset: commoncrawl


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Tonight, President Obama will use the pomp & circumstance attending the State of the Union to try to jump-start his flailing presidency. No doubt there will be much high-minded rhetoric, peppered with plenty of "let me be clear" and numerous allusions to "folks."
The question is whether anyone will be listening. There are two reasons for the growing indifference for the innumerable speeches that issue from the President's mouth: First, the public has figured out that President Obama is either unwilling or unable to work meaningfully with Congress, so little of lasting import is likely to happen. Second, with an approval rate of 41%, he's clearly squandered the enormous reservoir of public good will he enjoyed at both of his inaugurations, (compared to a whopping 69% approval at the start of his first term; a respectable 53% at the time of his second inauguration).
No doubt the President is going to try to put a good spin on his record. But the facts look much different. Here's life in America after five years of the Obama presidency:
And that's just at home. Abroad, the news is no better.
Finally, keep in mind that under Obama, America has become a place where:
If a Republican president had racked up this hideous record, members of the media would be running through the streets screaming as if their hair were on fire.
But whatever the president says tonight, Americans know the score. And they know that there is far too much in America that is terribly, terribly wrong. That, sadly, is the real state of our union right now. And it is up to us to fix it.


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The Shakespeare Conference: SHK 11.1982 Saturday, 28 October 2000.
Date: Wednesday, 25 Oct 2000 19:14:43 -0500
Subject: Sonnet Suggestion for Analysis
Dear SHAKSPERians,
For a linguistic class, I am investigating the shifts in meaning of
words during the Renaissance. I would like to demonstrate the
implications of these phenomena by analyzing a poem or two. I thought
one of Shakespeare's sonnets would be ideal. Does anyone have a
suggestion for a particular sonnet that might lend itself to this kind
of linguistic analysis?
Thank you in advance for your suggestions.
Laura Blankenship


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fixim said
mail send
Yes, already seen. But is a theme very similar to many themes already approved on themeforest. We'd like different designs.
Sara_p said
We have not experience with tumblr, maybe in the future.. For the moment we want to work with WordPress because we have a solid and powerful framework for it.
Sorry, its a Tumblr theme that has sold well that I have the HTML / CSS for, or the PSD design.
Sent you a email kindly let us know if you are interested.
Sent an e-mail as well.
Locked per original poster's request.


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My husband Art was born and raised in Okinawa, Japan so in 2007 our family flew there to spend three months. I set up a temporary studio and designed a line of charms inspired by the Okinawa culture. The designs on this page have been inspired by my many trips to Japan, Okinawa and the Ryukyu Islands. Koi Fish swim serenely in formal Japanese gardens shaded by Gingko Trees and garlands of folded paper Peace Cranes decorate the many shrines and war memorials. The islands of Okinawa Prefecture boasts of lush jungles of Iriomote.
and pristine coral reefs of Zamami.


text:
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This property has been removed by the agent. It may be sold or temporarily removed from the market
1 bedroom flat for saleSwingate Lane, Plumstead, SE18
Offers in Region of £149,995
Property Description
Key features
- Larger Than Average 1 Bedroom First Floor Purpose Built Flat
- Large Kitchen/Diner & Large Bathroom With Separate Shower Cu
- Ideal Investment Property or First Time Buy
Full description
Tenure: Leasehold
Pickering are pleased to offer this larger than average 1 bedroom first floor purpose built flat. The property benefits from a large kitchen/diner, double-glazing and central heating, large bathroom with separate shower cubicle and is situated close to transport links. An ideal investment property or first time buy.
lounge : 14'7" x 12'8" (4.45m x 3.86m) , 147 x 128 Textured ceiling, light unit, double-glazed window to rear, radiator, carpet, coving,
skirting, power points, smoke alarm, feature electric fire (u/t), BT point.
Kitchen : 12'7" x 11'10" (3.84m x 3.61m) , 127 x 1110 Timber clad ceiling, 2 x 3 spotlights, part tiled walls and floor, tiled worktops, power
points, inset gas hob, double electric oven, radiator, plumbing for washing machine, integrated
fridge, integrated freezer, integrated dishwasher, one and a quarter sink with mixer tap, 2 x doubleglazed
windows to front, wall extractor fan, space for table and chairs.
Bedroom 1 : 14'3" x 13'0" (4.34m x 3.96m) , 143 x 13'0 (irregular shape) Ceiling light, double-glazed window to side, built-in wardrobes,
carpet, radiator, power points.
Bathroom : 11'9" x 9'10" (3.58m x 3.00m) , 11'9 x 9'10 Cupboard housing Worcester combi boiler, textured ceiling, light unit, double-glazed
window to front, part tiled walls, tiled floor, bath with mixer tap and handset, wash hand basin, w.c.,
radiator, shower cubicle with Triton electric shower, towel rail, mirror.
Rear Garden : Storage shed, outside communal rear garden
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Gulf Bank Offers Free Check-ups for Junior Customers at Dental 8 Clinic
Gulf Bank is offering free check-ups to its junior Nassour & Boom customers at the Dental 8 Clinic in the Al Bahar Center in Hawalli.
Until this Friday, the 23rd of February, Gulf Bank's youngest customers can receive a free full check-up, an X-ray and file opening valued at KD 20. Dental 8 Clinic is also offering an exclusive 15% discount for all Gulf Bank customers during the event.
"Gulf Bank is always looking to address the needs of its customers," said Ebtihaj Al Roumi, Youth Manager for Gulf Bank. "Taking good care of your teeth is a lot like taking care of your savings. Dental check-ups are important from an early age and our private Nassour & Boom clinic is giving parents the chance to ensure their children will keep smiling with healthy teeth."
Gulf Bank, Kuwait's second largest commercial bank, is the only bank in Kuwait offering savings accounts for junior customers. Parents can sign up their children for the Nassour bank account from the day they are born until the age of six. The Boom account is available for children from the ages of seven to 13, while teenagers aged from 14 to 17 are eligible for the Freedom bank account.
"Gulf Bank has designed the Nassour and Boom bank accounts to be both fun and educational, encouraging children to save from an early age. The Bank recommends that parents deposit at least KD 5 into their child's bank account each month," Ebtihaj Al Roumi said.
The Nassour and Boom bank accounts offer a uniquely designed ATM card and easy access to Gulf Bank's Online Banking and Telebanking services, together with a booklet of discount coupons for participating retail outlets in Kuwait.
Parents can choose between a Saving Account with interest and a Current Account without interest. The Nassour and Boom accounts require a minimum opening deposit of KD 10 and a daily ATM withdrawal limit of KD 100.
To find out more about the Nasser and Boom accounts, just visit one of Gulf Bank's 38 branches or call the Bank's hotline on 805805. You can also log on to www.e-gulfbank.com, Gulf Bank's bilingual website, to find all the answers you need regarding any of the Bank's distinguished products and services.
About Gulf Bank
Gulf Bank is Kuwait's second largest and fastest growing commercial bank. Established in 1960, Gulf Bank has since progressed to becoming an industry-leading financial services provider complemented by a large network of 38 branches strategically positioned in key locations in Kuwait for the banking convenience of customers.
Gulf Bank – awarded 'Best Retail Bank in the Middle East' in 2005 and 2006 by Banker Middle East – routinely surpasses its competition by focusing on one simple strategy: delivering superior customer satisfaction. It offers state-of-the art technology based on international best practices and a wide range of innovative and dynamic banking programs under the leadership of a professional and innovative management team.
Gulf Bank has consistently delivered strong financial results in a highly competitive market environment reflecting its well focused and effective business strategies.
The main businesses of the bank are Retail Banking, Corporate Banking, Treasury, International Banking and Investment Management.


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Kepler's SNR, as seen from Hubble, Chandra, and Spitzer
Above is an image of Kepler's Supernova Remnant, one of the most famous objects of its kind. It is the remnant of star that exploded in October of 1604, as seen from Earth. It is named after Johannes Kepler, whose picture is seen here. He did not "discover" the supernova, as the telescope had not yet been invented, and the "stella nova" (new star) was visible to anyone who simply looked up in the sky. At peak brightness, it was brighter than anything else in the night sky except Venus, peaking at a magnitude of around -2.5! Kepler actually didn't even see it until more than a week after it was first observed in various parts of the world. The autumn skies in Prague are not always kind to astronomers, and it wasn't until October 17th that the clouds gave way and Kepler documented the new "star" in the foot of Ophiuchus. We now know it as Kepler's supernova because Kepler kept the most detailed records of the star until it faded from view over the next year or so. He later published a book on his observations, De Stella Nova. The image on the right is a drawing from De Stella Nova, showing the position of the new star. If you look closely, you can see an "N" in the foot of Ophiuchus, which marks the position of the supernova. Of course, at the time, no one knew anything about supernovae, which is why Kepler simply called it a "new star" (stella nova).
The remnant of Kepler's supernova was discovered in the mid-20th century. Baade (1943) reported the discovery of "a small patch of emission nebulosity, which is undoubtedly a part of the masses ejected during the outburst." Constructions of the lightcurve based on Kepler's observations and Chinese observations led Baade to classify the supernova as a type I. This classification was later called into doubt by multiple people, and until recently, Kepler's SNR was the only "historical" supernova remnant whose origin remained a mystery.
Kepler's SNR has been observed for over 50 years now across the electromagnetic spectrum. Baade's detection in 1943 was in optical wavelengths, but subsequent observations have been made in radio waves, X-rays, microwaves, and most recently, infrared.
A radio image of Kepler from the VLA (Very Large Array) in 1997 at 6 cm. The colors correspond to different intensities, with the redder regions being brighter. Thus, the northern shell of the remnant is easily the brightest part of the remnant. This holds true for all wavelengths. Emission from supernova remnants like this one in radio waves comes from synchrotron emission resulting from electrons spiraling at relativistic speeds in the magnetic field created by the shock wave.
The Hubble Space Telescope image of Kepler. Notice that there really isn't a lot to see here, just some bright knots here and there. You can see most of the bright northern shell and parts of the interior "belt," but that's about it. Supernova remnants are not generally bright in visible light. Optical emission only comes from the densest parts of the remnant.
In 2006, the Chandra X-ray Observatory observed Kepler for an incredible 750,000 seconds (nearly 9 days) of observing time. The result was this image, which contains ~30 million X-ray photons. As I said above, Kepler had been the only historical supernova remnant whose origin remained a mystery. Analysis of the X-ray image now leads us to believe that Kepler is the result of a type Ia supernova that is interacting with an unusually dense circumstellar medium. Emission in this image comes from multiple sources, including emission lines from high-ionization states of ejecta elements like iron, thermal bremsstralung emission from the hot plasma, and non-thermal synchrotron emission from the outer reaches of the shock wave. You can read more about this in the Chandra press release here.In October of 2004, Kepler was observed with the newly launched Spitzer Space Telescope. This also marked the 400th anniversary of the supernova itself. Kepler was detected in nearly all of Spitzer's instruments, and the image of the left combines 24 µm emission in red, 8 µm emission in green (which looks sort of orange in the image), and 3.6 µm emission from starlight in blue. It is by far the most detailed image of Kepler in the infrared. Most of the emission in this image comes from warm dust that has been heated by the blast wave from the supernova. I had the pleasure of being part of the collaboration that was responsible for obtaining and analyzing the infrared images from Spitzer. Our paper (Blair et al. 2007) can be found here.
For more information on Kepler's Supernova Remnant, visit Bill Blair's Kepler page.Back to Brian Williams' Home Page


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Shawl Collared Coat by Kim Hargreaves
Welcome! You are browsing as a guestWould you like to see projects made from this pattern and much more? create a free account What am I missing?
Shawl Collared Coat
Summary: Ladies intarsia coat with pockets and shawl collar.
Yarn: Rowan Aran and Fine Cotton Chenille are discontinued. Pattern calls for 10 100g skeins of Aran and 17 50g skeins of Fine Cotton Chenille (held double).
Extras: 5 buttons.


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Applying | Calendars | Contact
| News & Events
the College
Teaching &
to Vet Med
Veterinary Health Center
Medical Diagnostic Laboratory (VMDL)
CVM Employment
Veterinary Medical Library
Course Materials
Dr. Joanne Klingele, MU DVM '87, recently
got a chance to learn how to deal with such Hollywood types
as she and her staff came under the spotlight for a training
Cutting Edge Surgical Lasers, based in
Fairport, NY, arranged for a film crew to visit operations
at the Klingele Veterinary Clinic, Quincy, Ill. There, they
filmed Dr. Klingele; Dr. Sue Sculley, MU DVM '90; and Dr.
Paul Sculley, MU DVM '90; performing about a dozen surgeries
using a carbon dioxide surgical laser.
The company will distribute the footage
in promotional and training DVDs for use by veterinarians
across the country.
Three cameras were in the operating room,
and still shots also were taken during the surgeries. The
still photography will appear in Veterinary Technician magazine.
What's it like to be filmed and photographed
while doing surgery? "Scary," says Dr. Klingele.
Among the procedures filmed were spaying
and neutering, wart removal, declawing, anal gland removal,
entropion repair of the eyes, repair of stenotic neares, repair
of an elongated soft palate, and removal of an epulis. Each
surgery was filmed from beginning to end.
Klingele's clinic, and the Klingele-Sculley
facility in Hannibal, Mo., are among approximately 20 percent
of veterinary clinics and hospitals that offer laser surgery.
Both clinics have been using laser surgery
for seven years and were the first in a 300-mile radius to
use the technology. In the past year, Drs. Klingele and Sue
Sculley have been working with Cutting Edge Surgical Lasers,
traveling nationwide to train other veterinarians.
Return to News and Events home
Last Update: February 29, 2012


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AutoCAD Electrical 2016 Tutorial
A professionally created, self-study video training course
Includes 12 hours of easy to follow AutoCAD Electrical 2016 video tutorials presented by an industry expert.
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Join expert ACE trainer Andy Roe as he takes you on a tour through the powerful tools and features you have at your disposal to create intricate CAD designs with the help of these Beginners AutoCAD Electrical 2016 tutorial videos.
Using step-by-step training videos, expert tutor Andy provides clear and concise explanations and demonstrations of the complete toolset, the innovative new features for the 2016 release, and some valuable workflow techniques that will boost your skills and productivity.
Through over twelve hours of professionally created video training, the tuition includes a tour of the interface, an overview of the drafting settings, lessons on using layers, learning schematic wiring, schematic reporting explained, panel layouts, making use of the automation tools and so much more.
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Managing the Part Catalog Database
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Getting Started
Introducing AutoCAD Electrical
Understanding the Application Menu
Understanding the Quick Access Toolbar
Understanding the Ribbon Interface
Using Design Feed
Using and Controlling the Help System
Using the Project Manager
Creating New Projects with Project Manager
Organizing Project Lists
Creating a New Drawing
Creating Descriptions for the Project Drawing List
Plotting From Drawing Lists
Moving Through Project Drawings in Order
Opening and Activating Projects
Copying Projects
Schematic Wiring
Understanding Wires and Wire Type Layers
Inserting Wires
Trimming Wires
Inserting Ladders
Revising Ladders
Referencing Ladders
Wiring Tools
Wiring with the Multiple Bus Tool
Numbering Wires
Assigning Wire Numbers Automatically
Editing Wire Numbers
Numbering Wires and Leader Configuration
Inserting Destination Signal Arrows
Linking Destination and Source Signal Arrows
Inserting Source Signal Arrows and Linking
Schematic Components
Using the Icon Menu Interface
Inserting a Component and Configuring its Description
Using the Insert Edit Components Catalog
Insertingand Linking Child Components
Creating a Panel List of Schematic Components
Inserting Schematic Components from Lists - Completing the Insertion Process
Inserting Multiple Schematic Components from Lists
Inserting Multiple Schematic Components from an Equipment List
Inserting Schematic Components from a Catalog
Inserting Connectors
Configuring Connector Options
Understanding Terminals
Assigning Terminal Block Properties
Creating and Editing Terminal Jumpers
Using Terminal Associations
Working with Circuits
Creating Multiple-Phase Circuits
Schematic Editing
Using the Location Editing Commands
Modifying Components
Editing Using a Location Box
Copying Part Numbers and Location Codes
Swapping Blocks
Updating Blocks and Using Library Swap
Using the Auditing Tools
Updating and Retagging Drawings
Schematic Reports
Creating Schematic Reports
Formatting Schematic Report Options
Changing the Report Format
Producing a Report
Creating Wiring Reports
Publishing Drawings
Panel Layouts
Comparing Schematic Symbols and Panel Symbols
Creating Panel Layouts by Inserting Footprints
Inserting Footprints from a Schematic List
Inserting Multiple Footprints
Inserting Nameplates into Panel Layouts
Using the DIN Rail Tool
Using the Terminal Strip Editor
Using the Terminal Strip Editing Tools
Using the Spares and Accessories Tools in the Terminal Strip Editor
Updating Terminal Data with the Terminal Strip Editor
Inserting Tabular Terminal Charts Using the Terminal Strip Editor
Inserting Jumper Charts Using the Terminal Strip Editor
Configuring Panel Layout Annotation
Annotating Panel Layouts and Reports
Creating a Bill of Material Panel Report
Settings and Configurations
Creating Wire Types
Creating Wire Types with Advanced Options
Modifying Wire Types
Creating Wire Type Layer Overrides
Importing Wire Types
Using Reference Files
Using the Environment File
Configuring the Drawing Settings
Configuring Settings for Component Tags
Setting the Wire Number Options
Defining Cross-References
Setting the Default Styles
Setting the Drawing Format Options
Understanding the Configuration Block
Creating Project Settings
Accessing Project Options
Comparing Project and Drawing Properties
Creating Drawing Templates
Modifying Drawing Templates
Custom Components
Naming Schematic Symbols
Reviewing Schematic Symbol Templates
Configuring the Symbol Builder
Reviewing the Symbol Builder Environment
Inserting Attributes in the Symbol Builder
Inserting Wire Connections for Symbol Builder
Using the Symbol Builder Tools
Using the Icon Menu Wizard
Adding Components Using the Icon Menu Wizard
Adding Submenus to the Icon Menu Wizard
Defining Panel Footprint Symbols
Creating Panel Footprint Symbols
Adding Panel Footprints to a Database
Inserting Panel Footprints from a List
Custom Data
Managing the Part Catalog Database
Adding Part Catalog Numbers to the Database
Adding a Catalog Subassembly to the Database
Adding Multiple Catalog Part Numbers to a Single Component
Using the Pin List Database
Editing the Pin List Database
Editing the Terminal Block Properties Database
Understanding Title Block Attributes
Mapping Title Blocks to Internal Attributes
Mapping Title Blocks to an External File
Updating Title Block Attributes
Automation Tools
Updating Schematics from Spreadsheets
Creating Report Format Files
Generating Automatic Reports
PLC Modules
Understanding PLC Components and Inserting Standalone PLC Points
Inserting Fixed PLC I-O Modules
Inserting Parametric PLC I-O Modules
Working with Breaks in PLC Modules
Using the PLC Database File Editor
Annotating Terminals and Settings in the PLC Database File Editor
Setting Attribute Data in the PLC Database File Editor
Applying PLC I-O Address-Based Tagging
Using the Spreadsheet to PLC I-O Utility - Setup
Using the Spreadsheet to PLC I-O Utility - Layout
Miscellaneous Advanced Tools
Adding Wire Sequences
Adding Wire Annotation to Footprints
Using Cable Marker Symbols
Inserting Wire Fan In-Out Source Signals
Adding Cable Markers
Inserting Wire Fan In-Out Destination Signals and Cable Reports
Using the Circuit Builder
Inserting a Circuit Using the Circuit Builder
Configuring Circuits Using the Circuit Builder
Recalculating Wire Size Using the Circuit Builder
Using Templates for the Circuit Builder
Using the Circuit Builder Spreadsheet
Inserting a Custom Circuit Using the Circuit Builder
Using the Electrical Standards Database Editor
Working with Peer-to-Peer Style Drawings
Linking Schematic Components to Peer Components with the Same Tag
Linking Schematic Components to Peer Components with a Different Tag
Using One-Line Components with No Wire Numbers
Exporting Data to Other Applications
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text:
Mahesh Bhatt has come under serious criticism for saying Lokpal Bill of Anna Hazare is not a practical one. This led the director to be abused online in many micro-blogging sites like twitter, facebook and many more. Mahesh Bhatt is not just a director but also a famous produer as well as a screenwriter. Mahesh Bhatt's movies include blockbuster hits Murder, Murder 2, Raaz, Raaz 2 and many more.
Mahesh Bhatt not only feels that Anna Hazare's version of Lokpal Bill is impractical but also thinks that the government's version is the same. When talking about being abused online, Mahesh Bhatt feels that just because he is feels the Lokpal Bill of Anna Hazare is not practical does not mean that he is not against corruption.


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This product has been retired from our catalog and is no longer for sale. This page is made available for those looking for datasheets and the simply curious.
Description: A cable-less solution developed for controlling your Roomba. The SparkFun RooTooth v2 communicates with any Bluetooth® enabled device using the Serial Port Profile (SPP). You can now tell the Roomba when to wake up, when to clean, and when to shut off. You can even remotely drive your Roomba from your computer or from the WiTilt!
This product requires that the SCI (serial command interface) has been installed on your Roomba. SCI has been installed on all Roombas manufactured after October 24th, 2005. Please verify that your Roomba is compatible by checking here.
The new RooTooths are based on the Roving Network bluetooth module. The command set has changed from the original user guide written by Roomba Dev Tools. The new datasheet is below. The Rootooths are configured to 57600bps to work at the Roomba's default communication rate.


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Current job title:
Recent projects:
Currently directing TOP GIRLS at The Antaeus Classical Theatre Company in LA and Our Town for the MFA rep at University of Southern California. In post-production on the webseries Break a Hip, which I created and directed. Recently appeared as an actor on Scandal and NCIS.
Recent accolades:
Recently named "One of our finest contemporary directors" by The Los Angeles Times. Multiple Los Angeles theatre awards.
Words of wisdom:
Learn everything. Take it all in. Get involved in elements of your chosen field of study that you might not initially be inclined to. Learn your craft and your skill from every possible angle.
Who would you like to thank for your success?
My professors in the Theatre Department at the time I was there. Charles Harbour and John Rude–all of the faculty back then. They encouraged and supported a creative and self-motivating environment that has stayed with me through my career on many levels.
How did Montevallo affect your career choice?
My time and training at Montevallo gave me the tools and the confidence to forge a professional career. I was able to do a lot of things in the theatre department in addition to acting. I directed, wrote plays, built sets and even learned how to make a hat from scratch! That vast working knowledge gave me a solid and fertile foundation to begin my professional journey.
What was your favorite aspect of Montevallo?
The people. My teachers. My friends. The town folk. It was a real "home," and the school was filled with extraordinary people. I have remained very close with many of my UM family throughout the years.


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In an age of business accountability, big-time developers are thinking hard about how to give back to the community. In this spirit, Toga Hospitality managing director
With a median house price of more than $2 million and some of Sydney's most prestigious boutiques and restaurants, it can be difficult for the down-and-out to find affordable housing in the area.
It was a timely move, approved just before the NSW election and taking advantage of "affordable housing" laws, since overturned by the new Coalition government, which allowed developers to build bigger and bulkier than local planning limits.
One-bedroom apartments in the suburb rent for a median $450 a week. But by building one-bedroom units as small as 22 square metres, most of them without sun, Vidor's plans fit 46 apartments into the development. No doubt they will be cheaper.
Unfortunately some cynical residents nearby seem to think only well-off sorts might move in – or that the owners might later push for the building to be converted into a regular apartment block by amalgamating some of the rooms. One even worries it might become a "halfway house for ex-convicts".
Local barrister John Chippindall points out that, with the presence of nearby consulates, "some of which are representative of nations with histories of turbulence and long-held antipathies", it could become a terrorist threat.
But we believe Vidor is just giving back in spades the housing he has taken away just down the road in Watsons Bay, where he's looking to demolish two houses and amalgamate both blocks into a massive waterside compound. The neighbours there are lukewarm on the idea, too.
The Australian Financial Review