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This article is an open-access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).
Intercropping has a strong potential to counteract the severe degradation of arable land in the North China Plain (NCP). However, a rapid decline of intercropping can be observed in the last decades. The present paper investigates the reason for this development and suggests solutions on how to adjust intercropping systems to fit modern agriculture. Firstly, the developments of socioeconomic conditions for farming were assessed, analyzing the statistical yearbooks of the seven provinces of the North China Plain. Secondly, a survey was conducted in the study region to understand the current state and future of intercropping systems. The investigations revealed that, due to limited off-farm income possibilities in the past, intercropping has been a viable solution to intensively use the limited land resources per farm household. However, a shift of rural laborers into other sectors has recently been observed. Thus, decreasing importance of income from agriculture and increasing labor costs are heralding the slow death of labor-intensive intercropping systems. Two possible solutions are discussed in the paper. Either the traditional row-intercropping systems can be transformed into strip-intercropping systems that can be mechanized using existing machinery; or, new machinery has to be developed that enables the mechanization of the traditional row-intercropping systems.
The North China Plain (NCP), one of China's major agricultural regions, experienced strong production and yield increases in the last decades [
In recent years, the number of publications on intercropping in China has increased strongly (e.g., [
However, one important question was still insufficiently answered after intensive literature review: What is the actual importance of intercropping in China? When referring to land under intercropping cultivation, most papers unfortunately refer either to sources written in Chinese, published in the beginning of the 1990s (e.g. [
Intercropping can only have a significant contribution to sustainable food production in the NCP, if it is widely practiced. It is therefore of great importance to understand why intercropping is losing ground in contemporary China and what could be done to reverse this trend. Thus the present paper aims at i) identifying and analyzing the key trends that impact farmers' decision making and hence farming systems design, ii) exploring the impact of those trends on intercropping practices, so they can be understood and possibly addressed, and iii) synthesizing the findings to develop solutions on how to reverse the observed decline of intercropping in the region.
Two approaches were employed to understand the changes that have taken place in the NCP and determine their impact on intercropping systems. In the first step, the statistical yearbooks on national and provincial level from 1996 until 2010 were analyzed. The aim was to understand and quantify the changes in the socioeconomic and sociotechnical frame conditions for farming in the NCP over the last decades. Therefore the data analysis focused on development of availability of the three major production factors: labor, capital and land. A shift in the availability of those production factors advanced the mechanization of agricultural production in the region, which is additionally analyzed in detail. The analyses of the provincial statistical yearbooks comprise the yearbooks of the seven provinces: Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Shandong, Henan, Anhui and Jiangsu, which make up the area of the NCP (
Location of the survey region North China Plain (NCP) in China and the location of the seven provinces within the NCP.
In the second step, the current situation of intercropping practices in the North China Plain was evaluated. Therefore a qualitative inquiry was conducted, interviewing farmers, employees of the state extension service and researchers involved in intercropping studies. The inquiry had two main goals: i) identify prevailing intercropping systems in the region, and ii) understand farmers' underlying motives and concepts of practicing intercropping in the NCP. Semistructured in depth interviews, as described by Case [
As the goal of the study was to obtain the greatest possible information from the cases in the sample, snowball sampling [
By connecting the findings of the statistical data analysis with the findings of the inquiry, the impact of changing socioeconomic conditions on the practice of intercropping are explained. Furthermore, conclusions are drawn on how intercropping systems should be adjusted to fit the changing agricultural production conditions, and be more widely adapted in the NCP in the future.
China's economic development led to strong changes in rural farm households' production factor endowment, which has a severe impact on cropping structures and farming systems. Since the market reforms in the beginning of the 1980s, China has experienced an accelerated economic growth, with a tremendous impact on the labor market (
In the NCP, similar to the developments in other parts of China, the number of laborers, who generate most of their income from agriculture decreased strongly since the beginning of the 21st century (
The production factor labor, which had been nearly inexhaustible in rural China in the past is becoming scarcer and scarcer. In the last decades, steadily increasing off-farm income possibilities lead to increasing opportunity costs, with farm households investing less and less time to their farming.
Net incomes of the rural population in the NCP nearly quadrupled in the last 15 years, while average wages of staff and workers increased more than seven times in the same period (
Development of composition of employment in the three sectors in the NCP from 1995 to 2010 ([
Income composition of rural households in China [
The combination of increasing labor cost and availability of capital, led to an acceleration of investments into farm machinery in the last 15 years. From 1995 to 2010 the available power of agricultural machinery per cultivated area increased from 5.6 kilowatt hectare-1 to 13.7 kilowatt hectare-1 in the NCP in average.
Development of net income, wages and saving deposit in the NCP from 1995 to 2010 ([
|Net income of rural population (RMB capita-1 year-1)
|Average wage of staff and workers (RMB person-1 year-1)
|Savings deposit urban and rural areas (year-end) (RMB capita-1)
Development of total power of agricultural machinery per cultivated land over the seven provinces of the NCP from 1995 to 2010 ([
Looking in more detail on the mechanization level of the different steps of crop production, it becomes obvious that all parts of crop production undergo a shift towards increased use of farm machinery (
Development of use of agricultural machinery in different crop production steps from 1995 until 2010 in the NCP ([
|Data sources (available provinces)
|Cultivated area by machine (10000 ha)
|Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Jiangsu, Anhui, Henan
|as percentage of total sown area (%)
|Sown area by machine (10000 ha)
|Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Jiangsu, Anhui, Henan
|as percentage of total sown area (%)
|Harvest area by machine (10000 ha)
|Beijing, Hebei, Jiangsu, Anhui, Henan
|as percentage of total harvest area (%)
|Plant protection area by machine (10000 ha)
|Jiangsu, Anhui
|as percentage of total sown area (%)
When looking at the production factor land (
Development of total cultivated land, employment in agriculture and cultivated land per person in the seven provinces of the NCP from 1995 to until 2010 ([
|Total cultivated land (1000 ha)
|34546 *
|34546 *
|Employment in agriculture (10000 person)
|Cultivated land per person (ha person-1)
* There was no land survey conducted between 2001 and 2005, which explains the same values in those two years.
To understand the impact of the above-described socioeconomic and sociotechnical changes on intercropping systems, it is important to understand which kind of intercropping systems are practiced in the NCP. During the survey a huge variety of intercropping systems was identified in the region. Apart from various agroforestry systems, farmers practice pure cereal, cereal-legume, cereal-cotton, cereal-vegetable, cotton-legume, cotton-vegetable, legume-vegetable and pure vegetable systems. The systems are mainly relay intercropping systems, with one component crop being sown or planted into an already established crop. The two component crops only spend part of their growing period together in a field. For a better understanding of how this works, two common systems are illustrated (
In both presented intercropping systems, as well as in most other intercropping systems, farmers reported that their main reason to practice the system is to make full use of their limited land resources. Rural farmers in the NCP still cultivate less than half a hectare in average [
Additionally, farmers report about reduced pest and disease pressure in their intercropping systems compared to monocropping. This not only saves input of pesticides, which reduces production cost and benefits the environment. Also, like in the case of chili-maize intercropping, dried chili of higher quality, which can fulfill export standards more easily, can be produced. To our surprise, the often mentioned advantage that intercropping can help to avoid the risk of crop failure (e.g. [
On the contrary, farmers complain that intercropping is very labor demanding, both in quantity and quality. Not only farmers have to spend more time in the field, but they have to manage a very sophisticated cropping system. Throughout the cropping season, management practices are more complex, like sowing or planting the second crop into an already established crop. The same holds true for the harvest of the crop which reaches maturity first. Here, farmers have to be very careful not to damage the remaining crop with the later harvest date. In most cases, the harvested good has to be transported manually to the field border and cannot be stored temporarily in the field.
The survey furthermore revealed that intercropping systems are more widespread in remote regions with limited off-farm income possibilities compared to suburban regions, where farmers already generate a great part of their income off-farm. In case of the winter wheat-maize relay intercropping system, rural farmers reported that, as the younger generation left the village to work as migrant workers in the bigger cities, the traditional system was given up. Labor resources were insufficient to maintain it. The developments of such pure cereal intercropping systems differ strongly from the developments of vegetable intercropping systems. Farmers and extensionists reported stable and even increasing areas of, for instance, onion-cotton, spinach-garlic and chili-maize intercropping in their region.
Most intercropping systems in the NCP are row intercropping systems with alternating rows of two different crops (
Moreover increasing incomes and accumulation of capital in rural households fostered the purchase of agricultural machinery and mechanization of agricultural production in the NCP. The observed tremendous increase in area with mechanized sowing, harvesting, and plant protection measures, has direct negative impact on intercropping practices. As most management steps in the traditional row intercropping systems cannot be conducted using machinery, agricultural mechanization and traditional row intercropping are incompatible.
This development is well displayed by the case of the formerly very popular winter wheat-maize relay intercropping system, which strongly lost importance in the NCP due to insufficient labor force, as reported by farmers. This also explains the strong decline in intercropping area in the NCP from the beginning of the 1990s [
When looking at the impact of changing frame conditions on the different types of currently practiced intercropping systems in the NCP, one has to distinguish between systems that focus on cereal, legume and cotton production, and systems that include vegetables. Monocropping of cereals, legumes and cotton is characterized by a very high level of mechanization, while for the production of vegetables still a lot of hand labor is required. Planting of vegetable seedlings and harvest of vegetable crops is mostly conducted by hand or semimechanized, even in high-tech agricultural systems. The higher monetary value that can be achieved by the production of vegetables justifies a high input of manual labor, even if it is expensive. This also affirms the findings of the survey, which revealed that the practice of vegetable intercropping systems in the NCP by far did not decline as much in the last years as cereal intercropping systems.
The major changes in frame conditions for farming and their impact on the practicing of intercropping by farmers in the past and in the future are given in
All the presented factors had a strong influence on the practicing of intercropping in the last 15 years, with a decline from about one third of total cultivated area to an estimated five percent according to our observations.
Summary of analyzed and estimated development of production factor endowment for farming in the last 15 years and upcoming ten years respectively, and its impact on practicing of intercropping systems in the NCP.
The question that now needs to be answered is how to adjust the traditional intercropping systems to make them fit the demands of modern agriculture in the NCP. If intercropping systems should be maintained on a larger scale, immediate action is to be taken.
Two different pathways can be followed to adapt the traditional intercropping systems to future demands. Either the intercropping design has to be adjusted, so that at least part of the management practices can be accomplished by existing machines, or new machinery has to be developed that enables the mechanization of the traditional row systems.
In certain intercropping systems, synergistic effects were observed up to a strip width of eight meters [
Illustration of
The second pathway, the adjustment of machinery to mechanize the traditional row intercropping systems, constitutes the most convenient solution to farmers, as they could maintain their traditional crop cultivation systems. Additionally all attributed advantages of row intercropping could be maintained, from yield advantage to environmental benefits. As the design of intercropping systems vary strongly worldwide, and even on regional scale in the NCP, there is hardly any commercial interest by agricultural engineering companies to research and develop such machinery. Up to now, only one case of development of specific intercropping machinery is reported in literature. The "Lowland Crop Rotation Research Team" at the "NARCT: NARO Agricultural Research Centre for Tohoku region" in Northern Japan developed a promising machine, called the "Interseeder" (
For the development of successful intercropping systems for the local production conditions in the NCP, it will be essential that agronomists, crop simulation modelers and agricultural engineers work hand in hand with agricultural economists to not only develop a high yielding and resource-efficient system, but also ensure its profitability. Only if the yield advantage is able to even out the extra costs of additional management measures, will the system have any chance of being widely adapted. To test the economic sustainability of a certain system, sensitivity analysis should be conducted to test varying labor, input and output prices on the net profit of the system. Furthermore, the purchase price and maintenance cost of newly developed intercropping machinery has to be competitive with that of conventional machinery, or be compensated by the increased output achieved in an intercropping system compared to its monocropping equivalents.
Additionally, it is of great importance to integrate farmers' knowledge into the adjustment process [
Intercropping in the NCP has a strong potential to produce high yields in an environmentally friendly way. However, it strongly lost importance among cropping systems in the NCP in the last 20 years. With the change in frame conditions for farming continuing with the same speed, most intercropping systems which are still practiced nowadays are prone to extinction. The steadily declining labor force and the simultaneously increasing labor cost in rural China, continuously reduce the profitability of currently practiced intercropping systems. Additionally, the traditional row intercropping systems cannot get in line with the strongly increasing use of agricultural machinery, a result of available capital among the rural population in the NCP. Research has to offer solutions to farmers, if those potentially sustainable systems should be maintained. We recommend an integrative research approach to cope with the challenges involved. Whether the row-intercropping systems are transformed to strip-intercropping system, or new machinery is developed for mechanization of the traditional systems, agronomists, crop simulation modelers, agricultural engineers and agricultural economists need to work closely together. Additionally integration of farmers' knowledge into the development process is important, as only systems which convince farmers have the potential to be successfully distributed and adapted. Only the widespread practice of intercropping can finally give a significant contribution to the sustainable development of agricultural systems in the NCP.
We want to thank the German Research Foundation (DFG, GRK 1070) and "The planning subject of 'the 12th Five-Year-Plan' in national science and technology for the rural development in China (2012BAD14B04-2)" for their financial support.
The authors declare no conflict of interest.


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Culinarium Tonight is the First Food Truck Round-Up With a Full Selection of Booze
Villa 221, site of tonight's Culinarium truck round-up
image via villa221.com
Another food truck round-up? You don't say! However, Culinarium, launching tonight, seems to be the first mobile food event in Miami to combine a food truck rally with live DJs and bands (which a few have already been doing), and a full bar offering. (It's probably also the first, of course, to operate under a high-falutin', club-style event name which really adds the Miami touch.)
It's a wise business move -- entertainment means people will stick around longer, and booze, of course, will make them hungry for even more munchie food. It'll also make for an average Joe's glimpse into the fancy venue, a tropical mansion on NE 17th Street that's only open as a special events venue. Here are some pictures of the place to give you an idea:
via villa221.com
via villa221.com
Twitter talk indicates Culinarium will boast about a dozen trucks. Trucks who have publicly announced their participation so far are Dim Ssam a Gogo, Sugar Rush, the Fish Box, Jefe's Original, Churro Mania, Latin Burger, Gastropod, Ms. Cheezious, and Cheeseme.
Beyond the food, though, the live music planned features some of Miami's most top-notch singer-songwriter types: Sol Ruiz, Jacob Miller, and guitar whiz Fernando Perdomo's band Dreaming in Stereo. They're all super-talented, but may sound even better after you visit the full bars promised as well.
Admission is free, but the event flyer suggests you RSVP to email@example.com. The party goes from 6 to midnight at 221 NE 17th St., Miami. 305-416-5280; villa221.com.
Follow Short Order on Facebook and Twitter @Short_Order.
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Table of Contents
Even though the drought comes to the Divide three years after the death of John Bergson, the story picks up six years later. In the book, it states that, after three years the drought came and lasted for another three years.
1 out of 1 people found this helpful
I've read this book three times and just realized that the timeline doesn't add up.
In Part II, it has been 16 years since John Bergson died. Part I ended 6 years after his death, measured by the 3 years of success followed by 3 years of drought. Carl leaves at the end of these 6 years.
But when Carl returns, he says it has been 16 years since he has been gone.
Emil has also only aged 16 years since the start of the novel, from 5 to 21, so it isn't simply a typo at the start of Part II that could explain the gap being longer.
Take a Study Break!


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Copyright (C) 2009 The Android Open Source Project Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License.
JET™ Content Authoring Guidelines
Vrs 1.0
Authored by SONiVOX
Copyright 2009 Sonic Network, Inc.
This document contains content creation
guidelines for composers and sound designers authoring music and sound effects
for the SONiVOX JET platform. JET is an
interactive music player for small embedded devices, including the Google Android
platform. It allows applications to include interactive music soundtracks, in
JET works in conjunction with SONiVOX's
Embedded Audio Synthesizer (EAS) which is the
The JET content author works in up to three
different applications to create JET content; a standard
The final result is a .jet file that the content author gives to the application programmer for use in the game or application.
It is important to use a common set of
terms to minimize confusion. Since JET uses
Channel: MIDI data associated with a specific
Controller: A
DAW: Digital Audio Workstation. A common term for
EAS: Embedded
JET: Jet Interactive Engine. The name of the SONiVOX JET interactive music engine.
Segment: A musical section such as a chorus or verse that is a component of
the overall composition. In JET, a segment can be an entire MIDI file or a
derived from a portion of a
SMF-0: Standard MIDI File Type 0, a MIDI file that contains a single
track, but may be made up of multiple channels of
SMF-1: Standard MIDI File Type 1, a MIDI file that contains a one more
tracks, and each track may in turn be made up of one or more channels of
Track: A single track in a DAW containing a timed sequence of
Interactive music can be defined as music that changes in real-time according to non-predictable events such as user interaction or game play events. In this way, interactive music is much more engaging as it has the ability to match the energy and mood of a game much closer than a pre-composed composition that never changes. In some applications and games, interactive music is central to the game play. Guitar Hero is one such popular game. When the end user successfully 'captures' the musical notes coming down the fret board, the music adapts itself and simultaneously keeps score of successes and failures. JET allows for these types of music driven games as well.
There are several methods for making and controlling interactive music and JET is one such method. This section describes the features of JET and how they might be used in a game or software application. It also describes how JET can be used to save memory in small footprint devices such as Android enabled mobile handsets.
JET supports a flexible music format that can be used to create extended musical sequences with a minimal amount of data. A musical composition is broken up into segments that can be sequenced to create a longer piece. The sequencing can be fixed at the time the music file is authored, or it can be created dynamically under program control.
Figure 1: Linear Music Piece
This diagram shows how musical segments are
stored. Each segment is authored as a separate
The bottom part of the diagram shows how the musical segments can be recombined to create a linear music piece. In this example, the bridge might end with a half-step key modulation and the remaining segments could be transposed up a half-step to match.
Figure 2: Non-linear music piece
In this diagram, we see a non-linear music piece. The scenario is a first-person-shooter (FPS) and JET is providing the background music. The intro plays as the level is loading and then transitions under program control to the Searching segment. This segment is repeated indefinitely, perhaps with small variations (using the mute/un-mute feature) until activity in the game dictates a change.
As the player nears a monster lair, the program starts a synchronized transition to the Danger segment, increasing the tension level in the audio. As the player draws closer to the lair, additional tracks are un-muted to increase the tension.
As the player enters into combat with the monster, the program starts a synchronized transition to the Combat segment. The segment repeats indefinitely as the combat continues. A Bonus Hit temporarily un-mutes a decorative track that notifies the player of a successful attack, and similarly, another track is temporarily un-muted to signify when the player receives Special Damage.
At the end of combat, the music transitions to a victory or defeat segment based on the outcome of battle.
JET can also synchronize the muting and un-muting of tracks to events in the music. For example, in the FPS game, it would probably be desirable to place the musical events relating to bonuses and damage as close to the actual game event as possible. However, simply un-muting a track at the moment the game event occurs might result in a music clip starting in the middle. Alternatively, a clip could be started from the beginning, but then it wouldn't be synchronized with the other music tracks.
However, with the JET sync engine, a clip
can be started at the next opportune moment and maintain synchronization. This
can be accomplished by placing a number of short music clips on a decorative
track. A
Figure 3: Synchronized Mute/Unmute
JET provides an audio synchronization API
that allows game play to be synchronized to events in the audio. The mechanism
relies on data embedded in the
Figure 4: Music Game with Synchronization
The arrows represent events in the music sequence where game events need to be synchronized. In this case, the blue arrow represents a time where the player is supposed to press the left button, and the red arrow is for the right button. The yellow arrow tells the game engine that the sequence is complete. The player is allowed a certain time window before and after the event to press the appropriate key.
If an event is received and the player has not pressed a button, a timer is set to half the length of the window. If the player presses the button before the timer expires, the game registers a success, and if not, the game registers a failure.
If the player presses the button before the event is received, a timer is set to half the length of the window. If an event is received before the timer expires, the game registers a success, and if not, the game registers a failure. Game play might also include bonuses for getting close to the timing of the actual event.
To author JET files and hear them playback interactively,
the content author will work in two or three applications which are designed to
work together smoothly. The first is application is any off-the-shelf
Once the composer has completed their
Optionally, the author may elect to create
a custom DLS soundbank. This can be created in any off-the-shelf DLS authoring
application, such as Awave from MJSoft, and loaded into JET Creator along with
Below is an overview of this process. A more detailed explanation of each step follows.
Launch DAW – Content authors will need to
use a third party MIDI authoring application to compose their
Assign SONiVOX EAS Synth plugin as the
playback synthesizer – The SONiVOX EAS Synth plugin is a VST and AU compatible
virtual instrument that plugs into VST or AU compatible DAWs. This software
plugin uses the same SONiVOX EAS MIDI synthesizer engine and default General
MIDI wavetable soundset inherent in
Android. Using this plugin allows content authors to hear the exact audio
rendering of the instruments and
Optionally Load DLS2 Soundset – The SONiVOX EAS Synth plugin allows for the loading of any DLS2 compatible soundset for playback. These could include a new GM wavetable set, or a small collection of just a few custom instruments for a given application. Note, the DLS file does not replace the internal GM wavetable used by the EAS engine. DLS soundsets play in conjunction with the internal GM wavetable.
Compose MIDI File – Compose
Launch JET Creator – Once all DLS2 and
Assign JET Segment Attributes – After
creating segments the content author interactive elements. Interactive elements
include mute and unmute settings of individual tracks in the MIDI file(s) as
well as
Audition Interactive Playback – After assigning the segment attributes and creating the JET file, the content author can audition all interactive playback elements in the JET Audition window.
Save .jtc File – After the author is satisfied with the result, it is recommended they save the JET Creator .jtc file which will save their settings, references to source files, etc.
Export Files – Exporting the JET Creator file will bundle all source files and their attributes into a single .zip file. The zip file will also contain a .jet file for use by the Android application.
Included in the JET Creator package is the
EAS software synthesizer in plug-in format. The EAS plugin synth allows the
composer to hear the instruments used in Android as they are composing their
Follow the instructions for your individual DAW to install and utilize the plugin. For Mac users this will typically involve copying the "EAS Synth.componant" file into your plugins folder which is usually located at /Library/Audio/Plug-ins/Components. PC users will want to install the "EAS Synth.dll" into the plugin folder that their DAW requires.
The EAS Synth is an embedded synthesizer for small mobile devices. This means it does not have the flexibility of high end synthesizers typically utilized in a professional application such as Logic, Digital Performer, etc. As such, only the following attributes are supported.
Mac OSX (Intel) Macs
ASIO Supported Soundcards
Sample Rate: 44100 hz
Buffer Size: 256 kbytes
Windows 2000 or
ASIO supported soundcards
Sample Rate: 44100 hz
Buffer Size: 256 kbytes
Each DAW has its own particular method of
The SONiVOX EAS Synth virtual instrument is
a multi-timbral synthesizer. (i.e. it plays back multiple instruments on unique
A Logic 8 template file has been included in the Android Cupcake release to facilitate the above.
Playback in Logic 8 may require you to be in record enable mode for each track you are auditioning. To record enable multiple tracks hold down the Option key.
To write out a standard
In addition, the mix parameters for volume,
pan and program changes may not appear in the event list and therefore may not
write out with the
Select All and use the "Insert MIDI > Insert MIDI Settings as Events" command.
Select All and use the "Apply Quantization Settings Destructively" command.
Sonar 7 is a bit easier to set up, use and
save than Logic 8. Simply open or start a new
SONAR 8 works similarly to SONAR 7.
We've seen some instances when creating content with Digital Performer where notes with a release velocity of non-0 will generate an extra note-on event in the EAS synth. If you are hearing a doubling, editing the release velocity events to zero should fix this problem.
The SONiVOX EAS Synthesizer supports two simultaneous soundsets or wavetables. One is the internal General MIDI wavetable inherent to the SONiVOX EAS Synthesizer. The other is a Downloadable Sounds Level 2 (DLS2) soundset. The internal wavetable is a GM Level 1 compliant wavetable with 127 melodic instruments and 1 drumkit. It is in a proprietary SONiVOX format. The DLS2 soundsets are an open format published by the MIDI Manufactures Association.
In the Android Cupcake release, the internal wavetable is only 200 kbytes, very small, in order to be compliant with all Android devices which may not have a lot of memory. DLS2 soundsets can be any size that a particular device supports. Upgraded (larger) internal wavetables as well as custom DLS2 instruments can be licensed from SONiVOX.
To load a custom soundset, click on the Load DLS button in the EAS Synth plugin interface. Browse to the DLS2 file you wish to load and say OK. Only DLS Level 2 formatted soundsets are supported.
Since both the internal EAS GM wavetable and a custom DLS2 soundset are used simultaneously, you must be sure you have your MIDI Program Changes set correctly. DLS2 instruments must be assigned to a Bank other than the default GM bank used by the internal synthesizer.
The internal EAS synthesizer is assigned to
Banks 121 (melodic instruments) and 120 (drum instruments). This follows the
General MIDI Level 1 specification. Note: Most
The EAS synth supports MSB (Controller 0),
LSB (Controller 32) Bank change messages. There are two places you need to set
this Bank and Program Change number. The first is in your DLS2 soundset. Using
Bank 1, each Instrument would be assigned MSB 1, LSB 0, then the Instrument
Program Change number. The second place to use the Bank and Program Change
number is in your
In your
JET Creator is the desktop application where you'll edit and audition the JET interactive music elements. For details on the JET Creator application please see the "JET Creator User Manual". Below are some additional guidelines to help you out.
As with all projects, its best to discuss and design the interactive music scheme with the game designer and programmer before beginning your composition. An outline and/or specification can go a long way in saving you from having to redo things after the game is in place.
In general you'll want to first write your
music in your DAW of choice the way you're used to composing, then break up the
If you're trying to conserve memory,
compose as few MIDI files as possible, and create several segments from that
To make adding segments or events faster, use the Replicate command. Replicate can add multiple segments or events at one time and uses an offset parameter and prefix naming convention to keep things easy to read. The MOVE command is also useful for moving multiple events by a set number of measures, beats or ticks.
There are several interactive audio concepts possible in JET. Below are a few examples although we hope developers will come up with others we haven't thought of! These are:
In this method the application is triggering specific segments based on events in the game. For example a hallway with lots of fighting might trigger segment 1 and a hallway with no fighting might trigger segment 2. Using JET TriggerClips in conjunction with this method creates even more diversity.
In this method the application is
triggering mute and unmute events to specific tracks in a single
Music driven gaming is similar to what
Guitar Hero and JETBOY have done in that the music content determines how
graphic events are displayed. The application then queries the user response to
the graphic events and interactively modifies the music in response. In this
method the game is utilizing JET Application Events, MIDI controllers that are
embedded in the


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The relatively slow start to eating and drinking picked up a pace on the following two days. Following a recommendation from a fried we headed to Toulouse petit for breakfast, the space was light, airy and busy, never had to wait for breakfast seating before, glad we did. Dungeness scramble was a very pleasant breakfast with bits of asparagus in there too to keep it light, went very well with the grapefruit cocktail, the pork cheek hash was also very good, the pig particularly tasty with hints of star anise. From here we ventured on up to Sitka and spruce, am sure we did something in between but just walking I think. S and s was housed in the market space with some other very tempting looking shops, including butcher and wine, but press on we did and we grabbed a stool at he window, enough to be able to see the blue angels practice. Three plates were shared, escarole with anchovy dressing, smoked salmon and a beets dish with goats feta. All very tasty, the salad maybe a bit pricey for what it was, good ingredients, but eight bucks for some salad leaves seemed a bit much. The beets were also good the feta tasty and the marinade with fennel, cumin and coriander pulled it all together nicely, the winner however was the salmon, four generous thick slices of home cured fish with good clean salad alongside, very nice. A great space, although maybe not as good as had hoped would be. A quick stroll around the corner to victrola was well rewarded with a very decent espresso, short, viscous and rich, followed by a very pleasant natural processed yirgacheffe on the v60, some of that lovely funk you get from natural but still clean finishing, impressed. A further stroll to Molly moons for salted caramel, very good. When ordered I was asked if had tried it before, which made me think that it was going to be pretty salty, it was, and delicious with it.
Following all this consumption a lie down was in order, so across from mms into the park for a sunshine laze. Fully rested it was time for drinks so we headed over to hopvine. The smallest of the bars we had found so far and all the better for it, much more like am used to in the uk. We proceeded to work our way through the beers on the list enjoying them all, ipa obviously dominating, but some of the wheat, a raspberry one, also showing well. With beer hunger kicking in we ventured on down to quinns via Elysian. The latter ok, didn't like the blocks at all, too sweet and malty for me, and the space far too big and lacking charm. Quinns though was great, a Russian river beer and a burger was enough for me and the beer soon can't up with me. The burger was excellent and the walk home enough to sober me up for bed, ready to make the most of final day in the city.
Or not! Due to the climatic conditions we opted for a jaunt on the ferry to bainbridge island, the ride offering great views of the city skyline and rainier, about time we saw it as our trip there was clouded out pretty much. N arrival on the island we stopped at island vintners for a cheeky tasting. What welcomed us was half an hour or so of great chat with the owners, some very good wines and a tasting of salumi meats, a real treat from a pretty ordinary looking spot, highly recommended if not been, it far exceeded any expectations. From there we found ourselves at Hitchcock deli for a bite, the Reuben was really good, the pulled pork tasty, but maybe a little dry for my taste, needed more of that good pig fat in there. over the street to Mira for some fantastic ice cream, the monitor sorbet was very flavourful and refreshing on such a hot day, the coconut I liked too, possibly better than Molly's in my opinion.
Returning to the city a hard decision to make, what would our last meal in town be? Spinasse or revel? Well, having been to Italy recently we opted for the latter, and very glad I was too. A really great feed indeed, the salmon roe and fennel salad was light, salty and generous, the pancake crispy with good shrimp. The dumplings were really tasty, although kinda wish I hadn't opted for the vege option, e killer dish though was the dungeness crab noodles, wow! Really fantastic food, a very hot location, both in popularity and air temp, and even better, ideally located for a try at brouwers. A great bar, again big, with a fantastic selection of beers, nicely broken down by country, state etc. I stuck with Washington and enjoyed them all, the tumulo nimbus double ipa being the highlight.
All in all Seattle was a great city to visit, the food and drink very good and the people great along with it, Portland has a fair bit to live up to now, t minus one hour and we shall see!


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Le Reverbere
5, place de la République Send to Phone
+33 (0)2 35 07 03 14 | Make Restaurant Reservations
OpenClosed Sun., 3 wks. in Aug. Open until 10:00pm
- Air conditioning
- Dress code: Casual
* Click here for rating key
Le Reverbere Restaurant Review: Take a seat among the regulars in the pleasant, modern dining room. The traditional cuisine has been updated by José Rato and is light and accomplished. Try the scrambled eggs with oysters, wild rice with scallops, Rouen duck steak with Thai herbs, and the vanilla mille-feuille. An eclectic wine list, with some Bordeaux served by the glass. Amiable welcome and efficient, attentive service. Gentle prices.
Find out which restaurants and chefs top the list of GAYOT's 2016 Annual Restaurant Awards.


text:
We promise to never spam you, and just use your email address to identify you as a valid customer.
Posted by Ali
Thank you, I love the table top!!!! I already stained it, and we are using it!! We love it, just what I was looking for!!! I don't have my Camera handy, but if I do, I will take a picture!!!
Click the button below to add the 45 inch Round Table Top to your wish list.


text:
|Specific References
|Related Products
|0.2 mg/mL of rabbit anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody. Dilute to a working concentration of 0.25 μg/mL in CBS before coating.
|0.5 mg/mL rabbit anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody conjugated to horseradish-peroxidase (HRP). Dilute to working concentration of 0.5 μg/mL in detection antibody dilution buffer before use.
|Each vial contains 75 ng of recombinant EGFR. Reconstitute with 1 mL detection antibody dilution buffer. After reconstitution, store at -20℃ to -80℃ in a manual defrost freezer. A seven-point standard curve using 2-fold serial dilutions in sample dilution buffer, and a high standard of 1 ng/mL is recommended.
|The minimum detectable dose of Human EGFR / HER1 / ErbB1 was determined to be approximately 15.6 pg/ml. This is defined as at least three times standard deviations above the mean optical density of 10 replicates of the zero standard.
|The Human EGFR / HER1 / ErbB1 ELISA Pair Set is for the quantitative determination of Human EGFR / HER1 / ErbB1.
This ELISA Pair Set contains the basic components required for the development of sandwich ELISAs.
The Sino Biological ELISA Pair Set is a solid phase sandwich ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay). It utilizes a monoclonal antibody specific for EGFR / HER1 / ErbB1 coated on a 96-well plate. Standards and samples are added to the wells, and any EGFR / HER1 / ErbB1 present binds to the immobilized antibody. The wells are washed and a horseradish peroxidase conjugated rabbit anti-EGFR / HER1 / ErbB1 monoclonal antibody is then added, producing an antibody-antigen-antibody "sandwich". The wells are again washed and TMB substrate solution is loaded, which produces color in proportion to the amount of EGFR / HER1 / ErbB1 present in the sample. To end the enzyme reaction, the stop solution is added and absorbances of the microwell are read at 450 nm.
|Capture Antibody: Aliquot and store at -20℃ to -80℃ for up to 6 months from date of receipt. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Detection Antibody: Protect it from prolonged exposure to light. Aliquot and store at -20℃ to -80℃ and for up to 6 months from date of receipt. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Standard: Store lyophilized Standard at -20℃ to -80℃ for up to 6 months from date of receipt. Aliquot and store the reconstituted Standard at -80℃ for up to 1 month. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
As a member of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family, EGFR protein is type I transmembrane glycoprotein that binds a subset of EGF family ligands including EGF, amphiregulin, TGF-α, betacellulin, etc. EGFR protein plays a crucial role in signaling pathway in the regulation of cell proliferation, survival and differentiation. Binding of a ligand induces EGFR protein homo- or heterodimerization, the subsequent tyrosine autophosphorylation and initiates various down stream pathways (MAPK, PI3K/PKB and STAT). In addition, EGFR signaling also has been shown to exert action on carcinogenesis and disease progression, and thus EGFR protein is proposed as a target for cancer therapy currently.
|Product name
|Product name


text:
I would like to start off as friends first and see where it goes.
If you are interested please get a hold of me.
Movies- Top 3: Saving Private Ryan, It, The Notebook
T.V.- Dr. Who, Game of Thrones, Hell on Wheels, Big Bang Theory.
2. My kids
3. Friends
4. My phone
5. Internet
6. Chocolate


text:
NPR, CNN repeat falsehood that Casey was denied speaking role at '92 Dem convention "because of his opposition to abortion rights"
Research ››› ››› MORGAN WEILAND
Discussing Sen. Bob Casey's speaking slot at the Democratic National Convention, both NPR and CNN falsely asserted that late Gov. Bob Casey Sr. was not allowed to speak at the 1992 Democratic convention "because of his opposition to abortion rights." In fact, other Democrats who opposed abortion rights spoke at that convention and at every convention since, so Casey's opposition to abortion rights could not have been the sole reason he was not given a speaking role.


text:
On Wed, 2 Feb 2005, Chris Buechler wrote:
> On Wed, 2 Feb 2005 11:17:16 +0100, Anders Nordström <and at telia dot com> wrote:
> > I'm worried about the collisions on my LAN interface, since it's full duplex
> > and connected to a gigabit switch. I've read somewhere that there could be
> > problems with the Realtek 8029 chipset, which this NIC has. Could that be
> > it?
> >
> The reason is because it's not full duplex. According to the ed(4)
> man page, the full duplex mediaopt isn't available on that driver.
Actually, it doesn't explicitly state that full duplex isn't supported; it
just doesn't mention it at all. And actually, that part is claimed to be
handled by the miibus driver.
> Most every ed-based card I've seen has a coax port in addition to
> RJ45, and coax can't do full duplex, so my educated guess would be the
> chipset doesn't support full duplex at all (the driver doesn't, at a
> minimum).
It wouldn't be a good guess in principle, since pretty much any chip that
uses MII (and some that can't) can interface to coax with an appropriate
PHY and transceiver. The typical obstacle to full duplex is that early
chips (e.g. the 7990) shared some logic (e.g. CRC) between transmit and
receive. Newer chips usually support it, but 10Mb-only chips rarely (if
ever) support autonegotiation, and inexpensive switches rarely (if
ever) support full duplex without autonegotiation.
And in any case, the 8029 datasheet claims that it supports full duplex.
Fred Wright


text:
David Bowie (1972)
I LOVE this. Station to Station is my favourite Bowie album - not Ziggy Stardust, where this gem came from, despite it also holding Moonage Daydream - but the Germanic, metronomic Station to Station from 1976, a weird European travelogue via Bowie's last great conceit, the Thin White Duke. Starman is concerned with his first conceit, Ziggy Stardust, and it's glorious. In the context of the album The Rise and Fall of Ziggy Stardust and the Spiders from Mars, and the grand concepts and narratives within it, is the bit where the human manifestation of the alien rock star finally advises the last people on Earth that their saviour is coming. It's like Jesus Christ, Superstar in that way, only secular and profane. And Bowie's Ziggy and God's Jesus have much in common, much of which (apart from being perfect fiction) is the desire to rid the world of evil. The 12-string guitar is beautiful. It's never been as good since, except in the hands of the Byrds. Did Lou Reed write Starman? No. But he could have. Rock and Roll, Perfect Day, Starman - these are the greats. I see this early-ish Bowie in the same way as Reed at his most perverted, and it was seen by the masses in the same way. Just consider Bowie's outrageous chameleon suit on Top of the Pops in 1972 singing this, the band matching, the story evolving, the characters bold, belief suspended. The ''starman'' of the song was beamed through the radio; transmission was interrupted. The voice of authority was not a DJ any more, but a ''hazy cosmic jive''. I don't think rock music could say that now. I'd like the guy from Muse to give it a crack.


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I am planning on getting treatments for my mouth lines( which are pretty deep) My Dr recommended Radiesse which I am ok with. I am just afraid that if something long term goes wrong ( he has never had that problem) that any swelling or redness ( without prednizone) can be reversed. I have only read one bad story but it concerns me.
Can Radiesse Complications Be Reversed?
Doctor Answers 14
Radiesse has a good safety profile
Although Radiesse has a good safety profile, I'm not sure what you mean by mouth lines. If these are the smile creases that run from the corner of the nose to around the corners of the lips, then you have a greater track record of safety than if the RAdiesse is used to try to fill in deep upper (cutaneous - lip colored, not the vermillion or red lip) lines than run vertically from the edge of the red lip to the bottom of the nose (called smokers lines by some). In the latter area there is a greater chance for the Radiesse to cause lumps in the red lips.
NO filler is without some chance of risk. Thick fillers such as RAdiesse can cause a problem but very very rarely with circulation when injected in the smile crease near the corner of the nose and skin changes have occurred with possible scar formation although many of these rare events have healed well. There is no reversal of this or a lump that is noted later with Radiesse compared to the dissolving that can be done with Restylane or Juvederm by using hyaluronidase. Overall, as you have confidence with your doctor who is very experienced, after you discuss your concerns with them, the two of you can decide to proceed ahead if you still feel comfortable knowing the risks. The numbers of procedures done with Radiesse are evidence of its great safety profile.
Learn more: http://www.thenyac.com/radiesse/index.html
Radiesse is not reversible like Juvederm or Restylane
Radiesse is a calcium based filler. It's not reversible like Juvederm or Restylane. For lines around the mouth, you have to be very careful using Radiesse. For marionette lines that are deep, Radiesse works well. But, for fine lines around the mouth, it can get lumpy. If the doctor has a lot of experience with Radiesse, however, you can get very nice results. It depends on how you dilute the Radiesse. As far as reversibility and bumps, you certainly are safer around the to use juvederm or restylane around the mouth. These products are reversible and less likely to to cause lumps. If, you do get a bump or problem with Radiesse, it does eventually go away, but it can take a long time. You can inject it with a steroid to break it up, but it doesn't always work very well. If you're going to use Radiesse around the mouth, make sure your doctor has a lot of experience, otherwise, choose a reversible filler like Juvederm or Restylane. You should also realize that all these applications for these products are "off-label".
Learn more: http://www.radiessenewyorkcity.com/
Mouth lines with radiesse
I'm not sure what you mean by "mouth lines" but assume you mean those around the lip. If so, I would prefer to use a softer filler such as Restylane or Juvederm. If you mean the lines in the corners of your mouth I think that Radiesse might be a good choice but if you are worried go with Juvederm or Restylane which last less long and can be dissolved.
Learn more: http://brookwooddermatology.com
You might also like...
Radiesse Complications- Reversible?
The biggest issues with Radiesse are poor filler placement or the creation of palpable nodules. Both of these issues are not correctable. It is important for patients to understand that any injector, particularily an injector of Radiesse, should be highly skilled technically, have knowledge of facial anatomy, and understand facial aging and beauty.
Learn more: http://www.shahfacialplastics.com/facialfillers.html
Radiesse for lip lines
In my opinion, I would stay away from Radiesse for lipstick or smoker's lines because of the thickness of the product and the lack of fat in this area. I never use it there. I think it would be too lumpy and not easily corrected if you did encounter a problem. I generally prefer hyaluronic acids like Restylane or Juvederm in this sensitive area which can be dissolved with Hyaluronidase if there are any contour issues. Other options to treat these lines include Botox which of course is temporary. Combining Botox with Restylane is a more effective method to treat these lines than either alone. More lasting correction of lipstick or smoker's lines can be achieved with dermabrasion, chemical peels or CO2 laser. These treatments do have some downtime but over the most natural, long lasting results.
Reversal of Radiesse Complications
In experienced hands, Radieesse complications are rare when injected into appropriate areas of the face. I personally prefer to use hyaaluronic acids like Juvederm and Restylane adjacent to the lips and at athe lower eyelid margins.
All fillers have the potential for causing bad results.
All fillers have the potential for causing bad results. As Harry Truman said if the kitchen is too hot stay our of the kitchen.
Radiesse precautions
Radiesse is a FDA approved filler based on refined calcium granules that serve as nice scaffold for collagen production and temporary volume replenishment. Unfortunately, it cannot be reversed if there is nodularity performed by an inexperienced injector; however it will fade over 9 months. In the hands of experienced physician injector for nasolabial folds, I believe Radiesse may offer the best value for the investment.
Learn more: http://www.drwilliamting.com/Fillers_for_Wrinkles.html
Radiesse complications
Radiesse complications such as lumpiness, or over-filling should resolve once the filler dissolves, but are not reversible in the short-term. I generally do not suggest Radiesse be used in the vertical lip lines. Radiesse especially should not be used in the vermilion (red portion) of the lip. If you are concerned about the possibility of Radiesse-related complications, you may be better off going with one of the hyaluronic acid fillers (Restylane, Juvederm) which can easily be dissolved with hyaluronidase.
Radiesse for lip lines
Personally, I'm affraid of Radiesse for lip lines around the mouth.
I am sure there are some excellent plastic surgeons or dermatologists who can get good results, but even in their hands the results can vary from patient to parient. Also, the longevity of the results can vary.
I would feel much more confident with any Hyaluronic Acid compound (Prevelle,Restylane, Juvederm, in order of longevity). In facti, I would start with the shortest acting, Prevelle, to have you see how you like it and take it from there.
For the best and longest lasting results, I recommend small doses of Botox injected in the muscle (Orbicularis), followed 5 to 7 days later with Traditional Laser Resurfacing (this latter has 7-9 days down time).
These answers are for educational purposes and should not be relied upon as a substitute for medical advice you may receive from your physician. If you have a medical emergency, please call 911. These answers do not constitute or initiate a patient/doctor relationship.


text:
Last week, I had the opportunity to tour the Linde North America's new carbon dioxide plant in Fulton, N.Y.
Linde North America is employing innovative technology to harness the CO2 produced at SUNOCO's nearby ethanol plant by purifying, liquifying and distributing what others once considered a waste product for beverage, food and chemical companies across the Northeast.
As the chair of the Senate's Agriculture Committee, it's fascinating for me to see how the 41 million bushels of corn grown across New York State and other northeastern farms that's used at Oswego County's ethanol plant is being used to produce other products and create new jobs.
Too many people underestimate how vital New York State's 36,000 farms are to our efforts to revitalize upstate's economy. Only by capitalizing on what New York's family farmers are growing and producing can we hope to redevelop our manufacturing industry to provide the kind of high paying jobs that are vital to helping us to reverse the double digit unemployment rates that have left so many families and communities struggling.
After visiting the Linde plant, Assemblyman Will Barclay and I met with state officials to discuss efforts to attract new businesses to Oswego, Jefferson and St. Lawrence Counties.
I believe that our efforts in the legislature to reduce state spending and pass an on-time budget with no new taxes or fiscal gimmicks will help us to begin the process of reversing New York State's image as the worst place in the nation to do business.
That was why I worked so hard to restore the vital agricultural research funds that helps farmers, scientists and businesses to develop new innovative products to allow New York State to compete.
It's also the reason why I'll be speaking at Clarkson University's upcoming Technology Symposium on May 25th to talk about how Central and Northern New York's businesses need to stay abreast of the latest technological advances.
Everyday our businesses face competitors from across the nation and around the world. As your state senator, I am committed to helping them, not just to survive, but to grow and prosper so New York can regain its rightful place as a leader in our nation and in the global marketplace.


text:
Customers who are outside of the EU are exempt from paying VAT. Once you enter the basket page the ex-vat prices will be shown.
This bicycle stem attachment with new advanced quick release 3 prong locking system can connect and lock your Ultimateaddons Tough Case or Holder to your bicycle.
Ultimateaddons 3 prong connection system offers quick release by simply pressing both buttons on the side to unlock your case / holder, rotating 360° when mounted.
Easy installation, simply remove your existing stem cap and line up the M6 bolt into the stem and tighten. Do not fully tighten until you have the angle you require. Please note Allen key is not included.
1 x Ultimateaddons® Bicycle Stem Cap Attachment
Please note Allen key is required for installation.
We design in house to a high standard
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Look For The Ultimateaddons® Logo
We design and manufacture to high standards and are confident with all of our product ranges. We are confident that you will be 100% satisfied with your Ultimateaddons® products.


text:
Bridges Lecture Series
Thursday, November 10, 2011 from 11:15 AM to 12:15 PM (PST)
Event Details
Student Ambassadors will be mingling with the guests of the Bridges Lecture Academy Series event. The reception will take place in the Degheri Alumni Center Courtyard.
Bridges Academy is a continuing education program for those ages 55 and older. The Office of Planned Giving encourages the growth of the Bridges Endowed Scholarship Fund, which awards merit-based scholarships to undergraduate students. Therefore, the lecture series participants really benefit from meeting and hearing from you about your USD experience to encourage them to donate to the university.
When & Where
Degheri Alumni Center
University of San Diego
5998 Alcala Park
San Diego,
Thursday, November 10, 2011 from 11:15 AM to 12:15 PM (PST)
Add to my calendar


text:
Unable to send mail
User Help for Mozilla Thunderbird
28 posts • Page 1 of 2 • 1, 2
I have just upgraded both my parents computers to Firefox 1.06/Thunderbird 1.06 and everything seems to work apart from sending emails and I get the same problems on both computers.
The message I get is "An error occured while sending mail. The mail server responded: Administrative prohibition. Please verify that your email address is correct in your Mail preferences and try again."
I have checked the settings compared to my computer (running the same version on Thunderbird) and they appear to be correct. Any ideas?
Check your firewall to make sure that Thunderbird 1.0.6 has been given permission. Your firewall considers the new version of Thunderbird to be a brand-new application.
I am having the same problem on my laptop, but not on my home computer. I have checked ZoneAlarms program control and Thunderbird does have access to send mail and the username has been retyped multiple times.
When I attempt to send a message I get an Alert dialog box that states..."An error occurred while sending mail. The mail server responded: relaying mail to partypoker.net is not allowed. Please verify that your e-mail address is correct in your Mail preferences and try again." For what it's worth, this does not happen if I try to send a message to anyone with an address that end with "@cox.net" which is my ISP. No other addresses, however, seem to be valid.
FYI, I forget to login when I sent the above message. Replies can be sent to tkozikow at hotmail.com.
Have you contacted your ISP?
I am trying to send email but I keep getting an error message that reads: the mail server responded 5.7.1 <email address>...Relaying denied. Please verfiy that your email address is correct in your mail preferences and check try again. I checked and tried re-typing them in and nothing works. I installed the update today and then had problems with the email. I can receive but not send.
When I try to send my email, I get a smtp server error message.
"Relaying denied" error messages may indicate a problem at the ISP. You may want to contact them to see how they might be able to help.
-> Which version of Thunderbird?
-> What operating system?
-> Do you have any extensions installed?
-> Do you use a theme other than the default?
-> What kind of mail - POP, IMAP?
-> Is your mail service from an ISP, corporate e-mail system or Web-based?
-> What is the exact error message?
I am running v1.06 on both my home computer and laptop. T'bird works great (can send and receive) at home, but unable to send messages on laptop. Laptop OS is Windows XP Home Edition w/SP2. I am not using any extensions or themes on this computer. Not sure whether this is an IMAP or POP account, but the ISP and mail service provider is my cable company, Cox. If I try to send an e-mail to a user at any domain EXCEPT cox.net (e.g., email@example.com), the error message reads...
"An error occurred while sending mail. The mail server responded: relaying mail to bob.net is not allowed. Please verify that your e-mail address is correct in your Mail preferences and try again."
The message is displayed in a dialog box with an alert symbol (a yellow triangle with an explanation point inside). I am using the ZoneAlarm firewall on both computers with identical settings.
I have contacted Cox technical support on several occassions and was told that the only e-mail client that they support is OE and that they know nothing about firewalls except for what is included with their security suite or with the Microsoft OS. I have thought about trying their free security suite, but would like to see if I can get this to work.
Thanks in advance for your help and guidance.
What happens when you temporarily disable ZoneAlarm?
(In my opinion, the problem is not an e-mail client problem, despite Cox' insistences. Their approach to problem solving and customer service would make me strongly consider another ISP. I know that may not be possible for you, but if it is, you might want to give it some thought.)
I turned off ZoneAlarm and restarted the laptop with the same results. I tend to agree that this is not a problem with the e-mail client and also agree that Cox seeks the path of least resistance with regard to customer service and troubleshooting problems. Just for kicks, I tried to send a message with OE and got the following error message...
The message could not be sent because one of the recipients was rejected by the server. The rejected e-mail address was 'email@example.com'. Subject 'Test Message', Account: 'Cox', Server: 'smtp.east.cox.net', Protocol: SMTP, Server Response: '550 relaying mail to bob.net is not allowed', Port: 25, Secure(SSL): No, Server Error: 550, Error Number: 0x800CCC79
It is a bit more verbose, but essentially the same content. Also, is it odd that I can send messages to the cox.net domain? I have checked every option screen between the two computers and the only difference that I can tell is that the laptop is using a wireless connection and the PC is on a Ethernet cable.
I would change ISPs, probably to verizon.net, if I could get get DSL, but it is not available in my neighborhood.
I think you have answered your own question and given yourself ammunition for your next conversation with Cox. If you see the same problem with OE as you do with Thunderbird, the problem is quite obviously on their side of the mail transaction.
I have a friend near to me whose ISP is his cable provider. I have a different cable provider as my ISP and our ease of setup experiences could not be more different. I plug a computer into my cable modem or wireless router and it connects. His ISP requires some rather tortuous workstation configuration that they trust only their installers to perform. I also know of some ISP's that charge extra for additional computers on your Internet connection. Is Cox one of those?
Hi there!
I have read all your conversation and found it really interesting... I have the same problem! Thunderbird doesn't want to send messages on my laptop, but will accept to receive... I discovered that the only messages I could send where to the sympatico.ca domain (which is my ISP domain) but it will return the same error message as yours when I try another domain... Therefore, maybe the problem is not necessarily linked with the ISP as mine is different than yours and I still have the same problem... I am using Norton Internet Security but disabled it, and also the Windows Firewall, but it doesn't works more...
Do you have any more tips on what I should try?
Thank you very much!!
FWIW, I added a new SMTP server last week, using my office e-mail account, which works just fine. I find it really strange/weird/annoying that the cox.net mail server is giving me this much grief and I now tend to agree that it is the ISP since there are now at least two of us with different service providers having the same problem.
Is there any way that you can try a different outgoing mail server? Do you have a second computer that does not have this problem? As I mentioned in my earlier posts, everything is fine on my home desktop. As unlikely as this sounds, is it possible that this is a LAPTOP OS or configuration issue?
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|No active listings at this time.
Cragmont Place at 236 West 2nd Street is a 36 unit three-storey building just 2 blocks from Quay, Seabus and community centre.
- Pets and rentals allowed with restrictions
|Jason Yoo
or send an E-mail
|Kore Realty
203 - 3855 Henning Dr, Burnaby, BC V5C 6N3
|Rachel Wolski
or send an E-mail
|Kore Realty
203 - 3855 Henning Drive, Burnaby, BC V5C 6N3
Courtesy of: Jason Yoo and Rachel Wolski
Mgt Co: Self managed
Amenities: Shared laundry
Active Listings:
0 in this Complex
View listings


text:
But of course Marie would not shut up, and the fact that she kept talking to Heinz helped make the book possible.
When Clooney bought his fabulous 18th-century Villa Oleandra here in 2001, it was part of the Heinz ketchup family estate.
Heinz followed Rocky Graziano from the break of dawn on the day of a major fight.
Megan single-handedly saves the Heinz account, but lets Don take the credit for the pitch.
As a writing colleague, Heinz knew the notebooks would be as important to me as anything he said.
Heinz had regarded this demand as a summons to turn traitor.
And it has become divisible into as many varieties as Mr. Heinz's pickles.
"Shut up, Heinz, you're getting me maudlin," spluttered Henslowe.
Heinz Schorlin understood her and rejoiced to hear the answer.
Seitz could now stand before Heinz Schorlin with the utmost confidence.


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|Home » Discuss » Archives » General Discussion: Presidential (Through Nov 2009)
|madfloridian (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore
|Mon Mar-17-08 11:32 AM
Response to Reply #10
|16. He is usually about 5% more popular with Republicans than Democrats
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Jan 23rd, 2013
A talk presenting OTAWA toolbox for WCET computation - AdaCore Internal Seminar
AdaCore Internal Seminar - Wednesday april 3, 2013.
Hugues Cassé, one of the principal architects and developers of the toolbox, will come to the AdaCore Paris offices to give a talk presenting the OTAWA toolbox for WCET computation.
OTAWA is a set of libraries and static analysis tools aimed at allowing WCET computation based on an abstract representation of the machine code and the target hardware, with existing mappings for a set of popular processors. For more details, see http://www.otawa.fr
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Math Physics Seminar, Volker Bach, "On the Bogolubov-Hartree-Fock (BHF) Approximation for the Pauli-Fierz Model"
The minimal energy of the nonrelativistic one-electron Pauli-Fierz model within the class of quasifree states is studied. It is shown that this minimum is unchanged if one restricts the variation to pure quasifree states, which simplifies the variational problem considerably. Existence and uniqueness of minimizers are established under the assumption of infrared and ultraviolet cutoffs, as well as, a sufficiently small coupling constant and a small momentum of the dressed electron. This is joint work with S. Breteaux and T. Tzaneteas and with S. Breteaux, H.K. Knoerr, and E. Menge.
Location: Jadwin A06
Date/Time: 12/03/13 at 4:30 pm - 12/03/13 at 6:00 pm
Category: Mathematical Physics Seminar
Department: Physics


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Free Love in the Burned Over District
Posted by Carol Faulkner
8 comments
Even in the wake of the intense revivalism of the Second Great Awakening, and evangelical encouragement of female religiosity and domesticity (however contradictory and unexpected the results), the Oneida Community was not alone in its critique of marriage.* In the First Annual Report, one of the first publications to announce the beliefs and practices of the Oneida Community, Noyes's criticism of marriage could have been voiced by any antebellum free lover, Fourierist, or "infidel": "The law of marriage 'worketh wrath.' 1. It provokes to secret adultery, actual or of the heart. 2. It ties together unmatched natures. 3. It sunders matched natures. 4. It gives to sexual appetite only a scanty and monotonous allowance, and so produces the natural vices of poverty, contraction of taste, and stinginess or jealousy. 5. It makes no provision for the sexual appetite at the very time when that appetite is strongest." Noyes's contribution was his extensive Biblical justification for free love, informed by his heretical belief in spiritual perfection. His twin goals were to "establish union with God" and to lay "the foundation of a new state of society, by developing the true theory of sexual morality."
Given the Oneida Community's location in the "Burned Over District," how did its neighbors respond? Lawrence Foster explores this problem in his edition of Free Love in Utopia by George Wallingford Noyes. Foster argues that complex marriage required some adjustment, so Noyes and the Oneida Community maintained "private marriage at first as a matter of expedience until individual exclusiveness could be voluntarily and completely broken down under proper oversight." Some of Noyes's first local converts were Henry Seymour and Tryphena Hubbard. To appease her parents, the young couple married, but Noyes spent much of the first years of the Oneida Community fending off her angry relatives.** After this experience, as Foster points out, Noyes backed away from local and national evangelism in favor of "a tightly knit, internally unified community." The community was already homogenous, which undoubtedly helped relations with local elites. The "First Annual Report" shows that its white membership hailed from New England or New York, and most were former Congregationalists, Methodists, and Presbyterians (with one Quaker for good measure). In addition, the Oneida Community engaged in some good PR by hosting separate "strawberry festivals" for their white and Native American neighbors.
One of the highlights on the Mansion House tour is a tiny bedroom, containing little more than a single bed, a bureau, and a chair, located off the main living area. It was here that a community member, with Noyes's permission, could express her/his non-exclusive love, attraction, and fellowship with a believer of the opposite sex. If you can't visit the Mansion House, I highly recommend perusing the digitized documents and photographs available through the Syracuse University Library.
*John Spurlock argues that the broader free love movement expressed middle-class values about the relationship between love and marriage.
**Tony Wonderley, Curator at the Oneida Community Mansion House, also writes about this episode in "The Hubbard Place and the Oneida Community," The New Circular, June 2013, Issue 2.
8 comments:
- Heath at: May 22, 2013 at 8:05 AM said...
Thanks for this post, Carol. I'm teaching a course on American Utopias in the fall, so if you have any other juicy tidbits/documents to share, don't hesitate to pass them along!
- Monica L. Mercado at: May 22, 2013 at 10:09 AM said...
Wonderful post, Carol - I hope to swing through Western NY during my summer research road trip. And Heath, I hope you'll post about your American Utopias course at some point - its a subject I've wanted to teach for a while!
- Carol Faulkner at: May 22, 2013 at 10:39 AM said...
Thank you both! Heath, I second what Monica wrote. Please post about your class, it sounds great.
- Tom Van Dyke at: May 22, 2013 at 3:58 PM said...
I'm always fascinated by he fascination with these historical dead ends, in this case a "community" that numbered only 300 at its max.
That it later mutated into a multinational silverware manufacturer, now, that's interesting.
- Carol Faulkner at: May 22, 2013 at 6:55 PM said...
Don't worry, Tom, they include that part of the history on the tour too!
- Tom Van Dyke at: May 22, 2013 at 7:39 PM said...
Exc, Carol. Sex cults are a dime a dozen, but a set of well-made flatware is a thing of beauty forever.
- Janine Giordano at: May 22, 2013 at 9:02 PM said...
I used Lawrence Foster's _Religion, Family and Utopia_ in a course last Fall and it was probably the most popular and discussion-provoking reading in the whole course on religion and politics. It destabilizes the whole disjunction between second and third wave feminism.
As far as books for your course, Heath, I'd highly recommend Noyes' _History of American Socialism_. It's public domain, so free to download to a kindle or read online on google books. It shows not only the huge number of utopian communities, but also the huge number of people who believed in them, even if most were short lived. It also shows how many many people believed in this overlap between the Kingdom of God and cooperative ownership of property. I rely on it a great deal in my research.
- Heath at: May 23, 2013 at 9:35 AM said...
Thanks, Janine!


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MISSED GOAL: Spain's prime minister said Friday that his country will miss its deficit goal for this year, risking sanctions from the European Union. The announcement came as the government reported a big rise in claims for jobless benefits and a forecast that economic output will fall this year.
NO SURPRISE: Spain sailed past last year's deficit target as well. Instead of 6 percent of gross domestic product, the 2011 deficit reached 8.5 percent.
LOOKING AHEAD: Spain still aims to cuts its deficit to 3 percent in 2013, which would bring it back in line with EU fiscal rules.


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Gwyneth Paltrow's Hairstyles
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The Country Strong actress rocked a pixie in the '90s, brown locks near the millennium, and a variety of dos in the decade since. The question is which of Gwyneth Paltrow's hairstyles are your favorites? View hairstyle pictures below and vote.
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Tito Ciccarese is an eclectic flautist, a capable performer in the Chamber Music field mainly thanks to the invaluable advice of Maestro Guido Corti. Born in Cesena in 1961, Ciccarese began his studies with Giovanni Gatti in his city's conservatory, where he graduated brilliantly. He then perfected his technical and musical abilities with renowned flautists such as William Bennett, Auréle Nicolét, Patrick Gallois, and Jànos Bàlint. He has been a founding member of a number of chamber ensembles, with which he has performed many of the most important compositions for his instrument. His artistic activity is not limited to that which has already been seen and heard; his strong and original ambition has led him to explore unpublished repertoires and to establish unusual instrumental line-ups, as proved by the over 850 concerts performed in over thirty years of artistic activity. His innovative spirit has brought him to start cooperations with living composers, who have dedicated insturmental pieces to him, all performed for the first time ever.
An appreciated solo artist, he has been awarded prizes in a number of national and international contests and has played alongside renowned concert performers: Claudio Marcotulli, Guido Corti, Alessio Allegrini, Janos Balint, Mikhail Pethukov, Dimitri Ashkenazy, and many more.
He has performed for important music institutes and festivals in Italy (Gioventù Musicale Italiana, A.GI.MUS., Ente Filarmonico per il Mezzogiorno, Tecne Italiana Musica, Ass. Mozart Italia, Accademia Filarmonica di Bologna, Soc. Filarmonica di Trento, Tremezzo - Villa Carlotta, Soc. Buzzolla - Adria, Alcamo, Matera, Ravello, Ischia, Capri, Firenze, Torino, Bergamo - Sala Piatti, Siena, Pistoia, Grosseto, Macerata, Ravenna, Ferrara, Parma-Teatro Cinghio, Venezia - Chiesa di Vivaldi, Perugia, Ass. Amici del Loggione del Teatro alla Scala - Milano, Roma - Cortile dei Musei Capitolini di Piazza del Campidoglio e Sala Paolina di Castel Sant'Angelo, Estate Teatrale Veronese, Rassegna Malipiero - Asolo Musica, I Suoni del Tempo - Cesena, Petilia Festival - Pitigliano, Primavera Musicale Volterrana, Benevento Classica, Piemonte Musica, Festival di Bellagio e del Lago di Como, Todi Festival, International Accordion Festival - Pordenone, Festival di Musica da Camera - Iglesias, Contrada Larga - Trento, Sadurano Serenade - Forlì, Brindisi Classica - Associazione Nino Rota) as well as in Austria (Salzburg), Switzerland, Germany, France, Spain, the Balearic Islands (Festival de Palma de Mallorca), Portugal (Palacio Real de Lisboa and Coimbra University), Sweden (Vivaldi Festival), Norway, Denmark, Finland (first ever Italian musician to perform north of the Arctic Circle), Romania (Sala Enescu - Bucharest and International Week of Italian Music - Craiova), Bulgaria, Latvia, Poland (Szymanowski Music Days - Krakow), Russia, Croatia, Albania, Kosovo (ReMusica Festival - Pristina), Canada, United States, Mexico.
Ciccarese has gained abundant recognition both from the public and from reviewers, but it is mainly in most recent years that he has reached his most prestigious objectives: after his appearance at the Carnegie Hall in New York, in 2012, he has played as a soloist accompanied by the Russian Chamber Orchestra (Kursk Festival) and has performed J.S. Bach's Musical Offering in its entirety accompanied by first-rate Russian musicians at the White Hall of the "Tschaikowsky" Conservatory in Moscow.
His activity as a concert artist stands beside his activity as teacher: he has been teaching flute since 1990; furthermore, he regularly runs courses, music workshops and appraised master classes in Italy, Mexico and in the Balkan Area.
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text: The lesson plans on the Adobe Digital School Collection teacher resources web page have been updated to include sample project assets and technical guides for the new release of Adobe Photoshop Elements 8 and Adobe Premiere Elements 8. There is also a new resource page tailored for Adobe Photoshop Elements 8 and netbooks. Finally, the Adobe Education SE team is hard at work creating video tutorials taking you through some of the lesson plans/projects. These can be found on Adobe TV.


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November 28, 2012
Dover, DE --The Multi-State Lottery Association (MUSL) announced today that it has increased the POWERBALL® jackpot from $500 million to $550 million. If won, the cash option for Wednesday's jackpot drawing is 360.2 million. The $550 million jackpot prize is currently the largest in the world, second largest in U.S. jackpot history and largest estimated annuity jackpot in the game's history to date, according to MUSL officials.
The next drawing will be held tonight, Wednesday, November 28. Besides the jackpot, POWERBALL is expected to award nearly $70 million in cash prizes from Wednesday's draw. The Delaware Lottery is emphasizing responsible play among its players and urges players to take budgets and personal affordability into consideration when jackpots grow to a substantial size.
"With big jackpots, of course there's a greater potential for big winners," said Delaware Lottery Director, Vernon Kirk. "While the Lottery hopes for another big jackpot winner here in our state, we want to emphasize that players should only play with what they can personally afford. As we've seen many times with our players, it only takes one ticket to win."
The current jackpot run began October 04, 2012, after a Wilmington, Delaware couple claimed $33.05 million, the cash value of the $50 million estimated annuity POWERBALL jackpot drawn on October 03. The $50 million POWERBALL jackpot was just the first of two big prizes awarded at the Lottery in October, with the second being paid to the lucky winner of the $1.5 million top prize in the MegaHits™ progressive Video Lottery game at Delaware Park casino near Wilmington.
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The Delaware Lottery joins other lotteries across the country in support of responsible play by emphasizing that the odds of winning a jackpot prize are 1-in-175 million and that players should play within their means.
About the Delaware Lottery:
Winner Privacy is our Policy.
About POWERBALL®:
About IGT's MegaHits:
|Home | Contact Us | Directions | Site Map | Privacy Policy | Delaware State Government
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text:
In just eighteen months pipe welder Ray Woolley moved from a council house in Stoke-on-Trent to an expensive Spanish villa with a fleet of luxury cars.
He became known as 'Riviera Ray' - the kingpin of a gang that raked in £38 million pounds from the VAT man.
Convicted for his part in the fraud, he received a record sentence of nine years. It was one of Customs' biggest victories in the fight against VAT fraud. The only problem was that Ray Woolley was put in an open prison.
And when the court ordered Woolley to pay back almost £10 million to the British taxpayer, or face more time in prison, he decided he was not going to pay up.
Woolley called a taxi and walked out of the prison gate.
When we contacted Woolley he would not tell us how he got out of the UK but he did agree to meet us in Switzerland where £2 million of his profits had ended up.
When we met he told us how he'd been arrested by the Swiss authorities when he entered the country on a false passport but he was released before British Customs could get their hands on him because VAT fraud is not an extraditable offence in Switzerland.
Where's Woolley now? Where we left him in Switzerland or back in Spain?
An international arrest warrant for Riviera Ray still stands and Interpol remains on the lookout for him.
David Varney is the chairman of HM Revenue and Customs and told Panorama: "I do hope that if the viewers of your programme have any knowledge about his whereabouts we'd like to return him to Her Majesty's hospitality suite."
If you have any information you can call Customs Confidential on a free number 0800 59 5000. Or you can email email@example.com
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The International Monetary Fund's watchdog, the Independent Evaluation Office, has produced a comprehensive report on why the IMF did such a poor job of anticipating the global financial crisis. But it hasn't much to offer on ways to improve IMF performance.
The IMF has the comparative advantage, resources and access to identify potential problems. In theory it could map, more clearly than national authorities, the international financial links that proved so damaging.
But the IMF focused on the wrong issues – international imbalances and exchange rates – rather than overleverage and unsustainable asset prices. It was subject to group think and intellectual capture, not only championing conventional efficient-market thinking but also allowing itself to be intimidated by national authorities. It suffered from confirmation bias – seeing only those facts that confirmed its existing analysis.
The fund's analytical framework was inadequate, with insufficiently rigorous stress testing of financial systems. Where it did identify problems, they were on a laundry list of possible disasters, most of which didn't happen. Its governance structure discouraged it from reporting frankly and fearlessly – the "ruthless truth telling" Keynes, an IMF founder, advocated.
Part of the defence is no one did much better. Mainstream academics were, in
Many of these deficiencies are well known to national prudential supervisors, who grapple with them routinely. Lots of things might go wrong, so how do you identify the things that will go wrong? The financial sector is full of known unknowns and unknown unknowns. Further, many of them are "black swans" – things never experienced before or so rare that they are not recognised.
Warnings must not only predict what will go wrong, but when: the GFC's favourite scapegoat,
The action needed to address dangers is inevitably unpopular with powerful vested interests. Regulators are always asking financiers to take less risk, exercise more care and hold more capital. This is bad for the bottom line, so financiers resist.
On top of this the fund has its own problems. It is a big, unwieldy international organisation with diffuse governance by its diverse 187-strong membership. Opinion gravitates to the mean, and strong dissent and thinking outside the box are inevitably discouraged.
Then there are political-economy problems. Even if IMF staff are prescient and know the details of what will go wrong, are they brave enough to take a powerfully argued case to the country's authorities? The message will be unpalatable and member countries have abundant expert resources to argue for a sanguine view.
The IEO urges the IMF to "talk truth to power". But power usually doesn't want to listen and you lose credibility if you warn against crises that don't happen. The IMF failed to spot the US subprime housing problem but warned Australia of a house-price bubble.
If you jump all these hurdles, you face the final barrier: how can you insistently warn of an impending crisis without precipitating it? Even if you were a mere trigger rather than a cause, you will be blamed. When the bubble bursts, never be left holding the pin.
So much for the diagnosis: what about the prescription?
The IEO recommendations are along the lines of "should try harder". It acknowledges the IMF can't predict crises, it can only identify risks. But it calls on the IMF to be "proactive in crisis prevention rather than primarily reactive in crisis response and management". Very true, but how?
The IMF needs to "clarify the roles and responsibilities of the board, management, and senior staff in providing incentives for staff to deliver candid assessments, in overcoming the obstacles of silos and 'fiefdoms', and in confronting political constraints". Amen to that, but such problems have been around forever. The fund needs to "create an environment which encourages candour and diverse/dissenting views". Good luck! It should "better integrate financial-sector issues into macro-economic management" and "deliver a clear and consistent message". Just so, but how?
The IEO must offer more. If these issues are "a recurrent theme in IEO evaluations", why haven't these reforms happened already? It may be that the IMF's feasible role is modest and that should be recognised.
Curiously, the IMF was largely a bystander during the global crisis, present at G20 meetings but not central to the action, which was largely with national authorities. It has similarly been a bit player in the reform effort, peripheral to the action as the Basel rules were revised.
The IEO report gives us a clue on why this happens, but no clear reform path.
How can the IMF get better at spotting potential crises? asks Stephen Grenville.
The Australian Financial Review


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Joel & Clara first met at a dancing club in university in 1997 (The University of British Columbia Dance Club). Each of them had never danced ballroom before and had joined purely for the social aspect of it all, but before long, they found themselves involved in local competitions... learn more
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