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Evangelicals Change and Make Changes
By: Martin E. Marty
The familiar "Protestant-Catholic-Jew" mantra no longer defines American religion. Politicians, bloggers, statisticians, and demographers now conventionally add "Evangelical" to the classifying. When Will Herberg wrote the canonical book Protestant-Catholic-Jew in the mid-fifties, Evangelicals appeared to be marginal at best. In recent decades they make the news more often and they are more exploited by and influential among politicians and public life than are the many breeds of Protestants. Let's look in on the Evangelicals.
Quite properly, much of the news and notice about them is explicitly religious, churchly. But in public life they were long most useful to politicians and news-people on easily-grabbed issues such as "contraception" and "abortion." Today, contraception largely drops off the argument-charts. Catholic bishops make a strong stand against it, but with 90% of their "faithful" being faithless or other-faithed on the issue, look elsewhere. Anti-abortion is a much more complex case, and we'll save it for another day.
Let's look at how thoughtful Evangelicals change and make changes on three key issues: climate change, immigration, and gay marriage.
If readers think Evangelicals are changing because they stopped paying attention to the Bible, they don't know evangelicals. But something happened that has occasioned re-reading. On this score, I think (often) of a Groucho Marx line: "Well, who you gonna believe, me or your own eyes?"
First: climate change. Their "own eyes" focused on melting ice caps and a thousand other visual and measurable climate signals, Evangelicals are rereading their scriptures (re: "the doctrine of creation" and "stewardship") and they see something different than the old-school scripturalists thought was God's only word. They now often lead on this front.
Number Two is immigration. One might be cynical and say that the anti-immigration stance of Evangelicals is softening because they "believe their own eyes." Which means: they seek a better reputation on this issue. But, along Groucho lines, they also "believe their own eyes" when they look, are dumbfounded, and are then motivated to change attitudes about the plight and agony of "illegal aliens" and so many others. And they also believe their own eyes when they look at their scriptures, which put the need of the strangers, exiles, aliens, and newcomers first as bidders for consideration and change. The Wall Street Journal (April 9) front-paged "Evangelicals Push Immigration Path," and documented the changes.
Thirdly, gay marriage. Evangelicals are not as far along on their rereading of this one. The main organized resistance comes from some - by-no-means-all - African American pastors, some of them allied with Catholic leaders (whose church members are also changing). Not much happened as long as resistance was grounded in what they saw or had portrayed to them as participation in "the gay lifestyle."
Change is coming, as many Evangelicals and others "believe their own eyes" and recognize devoted gay couples standing at the communion table, participating in church leadership, and being responsible parents - their status legally reinforced or not - while "the heterosexual lifestyle" in many manifestations is trashing the institution of marriage. And there is rereading of scriptures by many Evangelicals who, they will tell you, are placing stewardship and love before law and beyond convention. Their "own eyes" lead them to believe what they see and hear from consecrated couples, some of them their relatives and admired friends.
Miriam Jordan, "Evangelicals Push Immigration Path," Wall Street Journal, April 8, 2013. http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424127887324883604578399023366575766.html Bill Keller, "About the Children," The New York Times, April 7, 2013. http://www.nytimes.com/2013/04/08/opinion/keller-about-the-children.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0 Rich Miller, "Black Pastors hit Gay Marriage," Chicago Sun-times, April 12, 2013. http://www.suntimes.com/news/miller/19419535-452/black-pastors-hit-gay-marriage.html Bret Stephens, "A Conservative Case for Gay Marriage," Wall Street Journal, April 9, 2013. http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424127887324504704578410452988243678.html Juhem Navarro-Rivera, "The Political Potential of Evangélicos," Public Religion Research Institute, April 10, 2013. http://publicreligion.org/2013/04/the-political-potential-of-evangelicos/ Laura Washington, "Gay Marriage Foes Reek of Hypocrisy," Chicago Sun-times, April 9, 2013. http://www.suntimes.com/news/washington/19292488-452/gay-marriage-foes-reek-of-hypocrisy.html
Martin E. Marty's biography, publications, and contact information can be found at www.memarty.com.
Sightings comes from the Martin Marty Center at the University of Chicago Divinity School.
Copyright © by the author All Rights Reserved


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SUMMIT — A cancer clinic doctor in south Mississippi who was already facing federal criminal charges for allegedly using old syringes and watered-down chemotherapy drugs is now facing a civil lawsuit that claims a patient contracted HIV from a dirty needle.
Dr. Meera Sachdeva, founder of Rose Cancer Center in Summit, has been held without bond since her arrest in August on charges of diluting drugs and billing Medicaid and Medicare for more chemotherapy than patients actually were given.
A former employee and a billing agent also have been charged in the federal investigation. All three pleaded not guilty.
Federal and state authorities have said old needles were used on multiple patients, but the lawsuit appears to be the first public allegation filed in court that someone who contracted HIV.
The Mississippi Health Department closed the Rose Cancer Center July 20 because of "unsafe infection control practices" and has tested hundreds of patients for HIV and other diseases because of concerns about dirty needles after 11 patients went to hospitals with the same bacterial infection.
Health Department spokeswoman Liz Sharlot said testing continues, but so far no patient has been determined to have contracted viral diseases such as HIV or hepatitis from Rose Cancer Center. She said she had not seen the lawsuit and couldn't comment on it.
The man named in the lawsuit died before the Health Department shut down the clinic.
The lawsuit claims James Ralph Patterson Sr. went to the clinic for treatment of his brain and lung cancer but ended up getting watered-down drugs and was infected with HIV by an old needle. Patterson died July 3 at the age of 61. The lawsuit is filed on behalf of Patterson's son, and it's is one of several suits filed in Pike County Circuit Court by Jackson attorneys John Giddens and Philip Thomas.
The lawsuit said the HIV weakened Patterson's immune system. The lawsuit seeks $500,000 in actual damages and unspecified punitive damages.
"This is a disturbing case of a trusted physician sacrificing her patients' lives in order to enrich herself. We expect a jury to hold Dr. Sachdeva and Rose Cancer liable and assess substantial damages against them," Giddens said. "We believe that this case is particularly appropriate for an award of punitive damages due to the unconscionable fraud committed by Dr. Sachdeva. Although Mississippi law currently limits the amount of punitive damages that may be awarded, the limits do not apply when the defendant has been convicted of a felony for the conduct at issue in the lawsuit. We expect Dr. Sachdeva to be convicted before the trial of Mr. Patterson's case."
Sachdeva, 50, has been held without bond because authorities say she is a flight risk.
Sachdeva is a naturalized U.S. citizen from India. Prosecutors says she often traveled overseas and has considerable assets, including bank accounts in her native country, despite the seizure of about $6 million.
Sachdeva established the clinic in south Mississippi in 2005 and billed Medicaid and Medicare for about $15.1 million during the alleged scheme. Prosecutors say Sachdeva gave patients less chemotherapy or cheaper drugs than they were told, while billing Medicaid and Medicare for more. Prosecutors also say the clinic billed for new syringes for each patient even though it reused some on multiple people.
Court records include a chart that lists the amounts of drugs the clinic allegedly purchased from pharmaceutical companies and compares those to the quantities that were billed to Medicaid and Medicare. The widest discrepancy is for the drug Erbitux. The clinic billed for 142,200 milligrams, even though it only had only purchased 45,100 milligrams, court records said.
The clinic's former office manager, Brittany McCoskey, 24, of Monticello, and a former billing agent, Monica Weeks, 43, of Madison, have pleaded not guilty. They're both free on bond.

subset: commoncrawl


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Seasons of the Soul
The Great Unraveling Toward Love
It has been a summer of unraveling: wars in Gaza, Iraq, Syria, the Ukraine; the shooting of an unarmed young black man in the United States; the suicide of beloved actor Robin Williams, which in some ways gave us a way to explore our own inner despair and how close we often feel to the edge of things. Even as I write this litany, I am sure I have forgotten others, and certainly there are the smaller issues of daily life wherever we live—the uncertainties of money, health, and love; trust broken; decisions based on the bottom line rather than human dignity.
If your spirits haven't been challenged, undone, or unraveled, then you are not paying attention.
Sometimes I click on my Facebook newsfeed, and there, sitting mockingly among the YouTube videos and the advertisements, are images of children torn to pieces and I just sob. I am mocked by the dissonance, the absurdity, and my own sense of helplessness. How do I go to the farmer's market each Saturday and roast my free-range chicken with organic broccoli? How do I lie down in my comfortable bed at night in my home free from violence and the ravages of war?
We do what people who search and seek have been doing for thousands of years: we find new ways to live. We awaken from the numbness; we challenge the status quo. We do it right in our little corners of the world.
It is not even a question of awareness, of posting one more insightful commentary, of sharing one more petition. These things are, of course, good and necessary, but they are never enough.
The heart wants action, to be embodied in daily small kindnesses.
There is an ancient wisdom story from the desert fathers: "Do not feed the heart what does not nourish the heart."
We need to stop feeding the consumer machine, which tells us our worth by the newest gadget we have purchased, only to throw the last one in an ever-growing landfill. We need to stop perpetuating the cycles of violence by denouncing war but still letting our minds offer relentless judgments about the people we encounter every day.
We go off to our metaphorical deserts and wildernesses to really reevaluate our priorities.
The heart sees how it is all connected.
We nourish ourselves by finding others who also want to live on the wild edges of the empire—the dominant consciousness—and imagine something different together. This tribe includes kindred souls, maybe even just one or two, along with our spiritual ancestors, the desert mothers and fathers, the mystics and monks who said there is a better way.
We need to feed the heart with silence.
I was so struck, and a bit overwhelmed, by the multitude of responses to Robin Williams' suicide. Everyone seemed to have something to say; everyone was posting more and more words to fill the great mystery of what had happened.
We don't come to understand the great suffering of the world by thinking our way through it. Discussion is good, and conversations and reflection are worthy. And yet, what nourishes the heart most are the moments of radical humility when we step beyond words and into the space between. We listen. We tend. We wait.
The heart endures.
Amma Theodora, one of the desert mothers, shares this story:
Let us strive to enter by the narrow gate. Just as the trees, if they have not stood before the winter's storms cannot bear fruit, so it is with us; this present age is a storm and it is only through many trials and temptations that we can obtain an inheritance in the kingdom of heaven.
Christine Valters Paintner, Ph.D., is a Benedictine Oblate and the online Abbess of Abbey of the Arts, a virtual monastery without walls offering online classes in contemplative practice and creative expression and pilgrimages to Ireland, Germany, and Austria. She is the author of eight books on monasticism and creativity including The Artist's Rule: Nurturing Your Creative Soul with Monastic Wisdom (Ave Maria Press) and her forthcoming book The Soul of a Pilgrim: Eight Practices for the Inner Journey (Spring 2015, Ave Maria Press). Christine lives as a monk in the world in Galway, Ireland with her husband of twenty years.


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Vox AC30 is one of Britain's most popular guitar amplifiers. The AC30 has produced some of the great guitar tones that have shaped Rock and Roll over the last 40 years. This is a milestone for an amp that has remained almost exactly as it was designed in the mid fifties. A special creative force was unleashed during the end of the fifties and throughout the sixties in the design of electric guitar amplifiers. With the VOX AC30's cathode bias arrangement and blend of Super Efficient Alnico speakers, created by Celestion especially for VOX, this amp gives more punch and tone with excellent harmonic content then full stacks of amps would yield at full volume!
Vox AC30click here to see more of this amp.
This amp is very guitar sensitive. Different guitars will yield almost completely different sounds not having adjusted the volume or tone controls on the AC30 itself. This is due to the simplicity of the wonderful amp.
The AC30 has an all tube design if built from the JMI era. The fact that the amp is constructed with glass audio valves gives it the special character tube guitar amps are well known for. This all Valve design is intensified with the Cathode bias arrangement in the output tube section. Cathode bias is a method in which the vacuum tube is set to a fixed idle current that allows the tube to operate without a negative bias voltage. This is a reflection on the simplicity the Vox AC30 amp was designed with.
The AC30 operates in the class A region when played within overload ranges. This class A region allows the tube to amplify the full sine wave without crossover distortion or unwanted odd harmonics. The cathode bias and class A feature of the amp give rise to a "chiming" tone property that has been associated with AC30's unique sound. These features also account for the increase in even harmonic content the AC30 produces. Even harmonics are fundamentally pleasing to the Human ear. This accounts for the seemingly "sweet sounding" tone that is found with the AC30. It would be bold to say that an out of tune guitar would sound good through an AC30 but this is not to far off. Because the guitar is a temper tuning it greatly enhances the instrument if the EVEN HARMONICS are emphasized rather then the ODD harmonics.
|One of the advents of the Electric Guitar and its electric amplifier is a property I call the "Electronic Harmonic" Because the varying degree of vibrations are created from the electric guitar string a wide variety of frequencies will be generated. This will be enhanced when the guitar is played and all strings are vibrating harmoniously giving off a great number of even harmonics. Add to this the texture of the electric transformation that is attained in the guitar amplifier and you will have a new Harmonic that did not exist. This is most definitely the case when "Harmonic distortion" is generated. This is better known as clipping the sine wave into a square wave thus producing an exponential number of harmonic frequencies. When the AC30 is driven into "Over Load" there is a great deal of harmonic layering occurring within the amplifiers valves. With the Vox AC30's Class A operation the amp will be extremely dynamic. The transient response is exceptional.
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Frank Moore
After a horrific motorcycle crash, an injured woman (Marilyn Chambers) receives experimental surgery that saves her life, but side effects leave her thirsty for blood -- and give her a ghastly capability to extract it. Worse, her victims become just as bloodthirsty! Soon, the entire city is thrown into chaos. Bleak, disturbing and gloriously low-budget, this gruesome chiller from writer-director David Cronenberg is not for the squeamish.


text: ISLAMABAD- Dozens of people belonging to Sikh community entered the Parliament House premises in protest against what they called desecration of their holy book in Sindh.Leaders of the Sikh community claimed that multiple incidents of desecration of their holy book have taken place in Sindh over the past few weeks but the Provincial and Federal government was not taking any notice to arrest the culprits. The protestors, carrying placards and banners and chanting slogans against the incident, made a surprise entry into the Parliament House premises, leaving police guessing about why and from where the protestors barged in.Crossing all barricades, the protestors first entered the Parliament House parking and later the building premises, prompting police to fire tear-gas shells, but to no avail.The Sikh community men got hold of a small stage set up for the parliamentarian to talk to media persons. Few of them spoke from the rostrum and hurriedly narrated the incident.They vowed not to evacuate the Parliament House premises unless higher authorities came to hear them and fulfill their demands. Representatives of the Sikh community also called for protection in Sindh and other town of Pakistan.


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Vans Switchback Boot
Skater shoes meet mid-height boots in the Vans Switchback Boot ($85). Featuring a brown suede upper, a leather panel at the top of the padded collar, a corded lacing system, a midsole made from vulcanized rubber, a reinforced toe, and a studded rubber sole. Pair with jeans or a lighter-hued pair of pants.


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Saturday, Dec. 22, 2012
There's a possibility that in the year ahead you will enter into an endeavor with a newfound enterprising friend. This person will think on a much grander scale than you, elevating your expectations as well.
SAGITTARIUS (Nov. 23-Dec. 21) -- If a loved one comes to you for some advice, strive to be as frank and forthright as possible. It does no good to tell the person what you think they want to hear.
CAPRICORN (Dec. 22-Jan. 19) -- The possibility for success is pretty good, provided you see everything you take on through to the desired conclusion. Don't get careless and leave anything up to chance.
AQUARIUS (Jan. 20-Feb. 19) -- Even if you feel you need to soothe the pride of an egotistical friend, don't attempt to use flattery. Sincerity will produce far better results.
PISCES (Feb. 20-March 20) -- The end results aren't likely to be too desirable if you work only along the lines of least resistance. That which appears to be simple and easy could be infested with complications.
ARIES (March 21-April 19) -- Tell it like it is if you hope to win the respect of your contemporaries. If you gild the lily now, it will only give your listeners cause to doubt your future statements.
TAURUS (April 20-May 20) -- Generally, you are a reasonably good manager of your resources. This quality, however, is likely to be absent today at present. Be as careful as you can.
GEMINI (May 21-June 20) -- Be satisfied with a small but handy return from an investment that you're only tangentially involved in. If you press for more, it'll give the powers that be cause to wonder if you deserve anything.
CANCER (June 21-July 22) -- That which you ignore will only require more attention later, so take your responsibilities and duties seriously. Things will only get harder in every way if you slack off.
LEO (July 23-Aug. 22) -- Ignoring certain people at a social gathering will not only breed resentment, but cause observers to question if you're just being nice to those who can do you some good.
VIRGO (Aug. 23-Sept. 22) -- You'll attract admirers more readily by accentuating your more modest virtues, while flamboyance could prove to be counterproductive. Make a wise choice.
LIBRA (Sept. 23-Oct. 23) -- It would be wise not to take anything for granted, even in situations where you are usually lucky. Dame Fortune is rather fickle at this time, and may not like you calling the shots.
SCORPIO (Oct. 24-Nov. 22) -- You might find yourself in two situations that simultaneously offer some great opportunities. If it's difficult to handle both at the same time, focus on the best one first.
Sunday, Dec. 23, 2012
Make it a point to elevate your goals and objectives in the year ahead. Although you may need to be patient -- success is likely to require considerable time and effort -- you can achieve what you want.
CAPRICORN (Dec. 22-Jan. 19) -- The best prescription for having a fun day is to stay away from the dullards and associate only with friends and family who feel and act young. Their exuberance will prove to be infectious.
AQUARIUS (Jan. 20-Feb. 19) -- You're not likely to have any peace of mind if you fail to complete what you start. Conversely, completing things will enhance your self-worth and give you gratification.
PISCES (Feb. 20-March 20) -- One of your greatest assets is your sincere concern for others. Those you're with will sense that you care about them, which will end up proving to be a settling influence on everybody.
ARIES (March 21-April 19) -- Treat your affairs in a practical, logical fashion, especially those that pertain to your shopping and spending. Reason needs to preside over desire and extravagance.
TAURUS (April 20-May 20) -- Others in the household or workplace might not feel your sense of urgency pertaining to things you deem important. Do what you can on your own and ignore their priorities for the time being.
GEMINI (May 21-June 20) -- You'll fare much better if you deal with each development when it occurs instead of letting things pile up. Be reactive as well as assertive.
CANCER (June 21-July 22) -- Socializing with old friends whom you can be relaxed with will turn out to be quite pleasurable. Conversely, you might not be too comfortable around new or unfamiliar people.
LEO (July 23-Aug. 22) -- Although you might not be the first one out of the starting block in a competitive situation, you will have enough tenacity and persistency to be one of the winners.
VIRGO (Aug. 23-Sept. 22) -- Even though you might not be able to focus on or comprehend all the fine details, you will have the wherewithal to see the entire picture rather than each minute brushstroke.
LIBRA (Sept. 23-Oct. 23) -- Don't let others see you chafing at the bit over a proposal you find to be extremely intriguing. Displaying indifferencis likely to get you a far better deal.
SCORPIO (Oct. 24-Nov. 22) -- Be willing to play second fiddle to your mate or special someone in a situation he or she really wants to play the leading role. Harmony will strengthen your relationship.
SAGITTARIUS (Nov. 23-Dec. 21) -- Do yourself and your waistline a favor and don't overindulge in foods, sweets or drinks that you really enjoy. Self-discipline in these areas might take a lot of effort.


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Kim Kardashian Tries Out the Whole Tennis Scene for a Change (PHOTOS)
Apparently, Kim Kardashian has decided she's going to flip for tennis players for a while.
The Keeping Up With the Kardashians beauty prettied up the Sony Ericcson Open tournament in Miami on Monday, executing the coin toss for the match between Swiss tennis great Roger Federer and his French opponent, Florent Serra.
In the end, Federer bested Serra. But really, with Kim Kardashian on the scene, isn't everyone a winner?
Click through the photo gallery to experience the thrill of victory.


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Disney Announces Upcoming Movie Releases: More Muppets, Avengers, and Pirates
The 'House the Mouse Built' has been very busy as of late. After purchasing the Star Wars franchise from George Lucas, rumors and speculation continue to run rampant on the internet about what is next from 'A Galaxy Far, Far Away.' The latest morsel isn't who's directing, but rather who isn't directing Episode 7.
Today the big news from Disney is the upcoming release dates of some high-profile movie titles and franchise sequels.
First off, everybody's favorite Frog returns to the big screen with 'Muppets 2.' Jason Segel, who helped script the first movie. will not return, but some strong casting is already in place, including; Tina Fey, Ricky Gervias and Ty Burrell from 'Modern Family. The only word is that James Bobin is Directing again and working on the Screenplay with Nicolas Stoller. 'Muppets 2′ is currently the working title. Look for it in Theaters in March of 2014.
A bit more IS known about the follow-up to to man in the red, white & blue, Captain America. According to IMDB,
"Steve Rogers continues his affiliation with S.H.I.E.L.D while trying to fit into the modern world. He is also reunited with 'Bucky' Barnes, who is now a brainwashed Russian assassin known as the 'Winter Soldier.'
Chris Evans, Scarlett Johansson and Samuel L. Jackson return for round two when 'Captain America: The Winter Soldier' drops on April 4, 2014 .
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While we're on the subject of Avengers, look for Robert Downey, Jr to suit up again for Iron Man 3. This time Tony Stark will go up against his most powerful enemy yet: the Mandarin. This time around Shane Black will sit in the Director's chair, replacing Jon Favreau (Happy Hogan). Expect a very strong performance from Ben Kingsley as Mandarin. Look for Iron Man 3 on May 3 this year and in 3D.
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The next Thor film follows the events set in motion in 'The Avengers.' It's a battle against a race known as Dark Elves and a vengeful Malekith, who threatedn to plunge the universe back into darkness. Chris Hemsworth, Natalie Portman and Anthony Hopkins return for 'Thor: The Dark World' November 8 this year.
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After the three solo Marvel movies, Captain America, Iron Man, Thor and the rest of S.H.I.E.L.D team battle a new villian, Thanos in 'The Avengers 2.'. Joss Whedon (Buffy/Avengers) is back as Director for a second time. Avengers 2 will follow the events that will take place in the above three Marvel Movies. Here's a quick refresher on why the first Avengers movie was one of the biggest blockbusters of all-time.
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One of my favorite parts of the Marvel Movie franchise is what happens after the movie ends. Let's hope they continue the tradition of showing us a little something extra, after the credits roll. Avengers 2 is slated for sometime in 2015. Memorial Day Weekend, maybe?
Finally, for those who just can't get enough of Cap'n Jack Sparrow, Johnny Depp returns for a 5th installment of 'Pirates of the Caribbean.' By the time this movie comes out in 2015, Depp will have played the role for more than a decade.


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AND all of a sudden it was all over. The closing ceremony of the London Paralympics brought to an end not only a Games that had been proclaimed as one to change the Paralympic movement forever but also a spectacular sporting festival that began with the Olympic Games six weeks ago.
The London Organising Committee (LOCOG) fulfilled its pledge to not treat the Paralympics as a poor cousin to the Olympics and the athletes themselves put on 11 days of not only enthralling sporting contests but inspiring stories.
There have been many highlights, from the incredible performances of local heroes Ellie Simmonds and David Weir - who won a collection of gold medals under enormous expectations - to the unknown vision-impaired athletes who ran around the track blindfolded and with the add of a guide.
There were also controversies, the biggest when South African legend Oscar Pistorius lost the first 200 metre sprint of his career and went on to question the legality of the blades used by his conqueror Brazilian Alan Oliveira.
There were also blunders such as the confusion, dithering and backflipping that led to the awarding of two sets of medals for the F35/36 discuss after a scoring mistake.
The closing ceremony, titled the festival of flame, was designed to pay tribute to the spirit of the athletes.
"The Paralympic Games has set new records every day, sporting records, records for crowds, for television audiences, for unbridled spirit," said LOCOG chair Sebastian Coe.
"In this country we will never think of sport the same way and we will never think of disability the same way."
Coldplay, Jay Z, Rihanna and five wind gremlins (who began the ceremony by blowing the representation of the Paralympic symbols, the Agitos, out of the stadium) all played their part as did fire, lots of it, from people with flame throwers to dancers holding flares and fireworks erupting title shape of a heart around 164 flag bearers, including Evan O'Hanlon for Australia.
Australia could be proud of its efforts finishing fifth on the medal tally with 32 gold, 23 silver and 30 bronze for a total of 85 medals. And among those were born a crop of sporting talent that the Australian Paralympic Committee hopes it can develop into familiar names alongside the like of Kurt Fearnley and Matt Cowdrey.
In the end, all that was left for International Paralympic Committee president Philip Craven to do, was what his International Olympic Committee counterpart Jacques Rogge did not, declare the London Paralympic Games as the "greatest ever".


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This step is up to you but will drastically raise your chances of getting interest from other members on the site. Introduce yourself, your interests and attach a nice photograph of yourself.
Use our website's advanced search to uncover members who suit your criteria. Or just leaf through listings and uncover singles that you like.
Located someone who meets your requirements? Send a message to them or just a wink and see if they're interested. With a little luck you'll be on your way to a lifetime of happiness.
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I've tried searching for this but keep getting results on append(), etc.
I'm building a cart that adds items via jQuery. Basically you select the product and click the 'add to cart' button and then it gets added to the page via append. Very simple.
What I'm trying to do is total up the dollar amounts of each item added to the cart, but I can't figure out how to do that. How do I keep a running tally of prices throughout my different functions?
Whenever I am facing a problem like this my approach is to think "how would I do it manually?"
Afterall, computers are only useful for performing simple tasks (we can do ourselves) at a very fast rate.
In this case, I would expect that when I am viewing my cart (all the goods I have assembled to buy) the total would be available. And so, it seems the time to devise a total is [only] when you are displaying the entire cart of items. In that view/page which displays the cart you can add the individual prices (and calculate tax, shipping, etc).
Sorry, should have been more clear. The products and the cart are all on the same page, so I have to update the total as each item is added.
Resolved. Using PHP and $.get(). Calculating the totals in a PHP SESSION and loading into the div when adding to the cart. It's amazing what some sleep will do.
$.get('lib/order_totals.php', function(data) {


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Most waste in Haiti is burned. Think about the toxicity of tires burning on a hot, Haitian day. It was with these noxious fumes in our minds that we set out to rescue the earth's atmosphere and plant trees in tires instead. During our April 2012 trip to Haiti, we partnered with Rebuild Globally and Haiti Communitere to create Moringa Tree planters and demonstrate the concepts of repurposing, upcycling, composting, growing one's own food, and the health benefits of protein-dense trees.
The project involved upcycling discarded car tires of various sizes into colorful planters by cutting out their sidewalls and then stacking them three high to form a tall ring planter. Our first few tires can be found at Haiti Communitere and OJFA. Thank you to GoPro for helping us capture the entire process.
Magic Moringa Trees are being planted with great nourishment success in Africa and parts of Asia. They are known in Third World Regenerative Circles as the Miracle Tree. Here at Project HOPE Art we are embarking on a project we like to call the Tree of Life. A tree can draw up the water table through it's roots and prevent soil erosion. It can use that water to provide food and shade to the community. This is especially important in a country that is 98% deforested.
More About Moringa Trees
Also commonly known as "the horseradish tree," the leaves from this plant have:
7 times the vitamin C in oranges
4 times the calcium and 2 times the protein in milk
4 times the vitamin A in carrots
3 times the potassium in bananas
The easiest and fastest way to start a moringa tree is from branch cuttings. Even branches used as fence posts often take root and grow into full-sized trees. You can also grow moringa from seed, but this is a little more difficult and takes longer to give you a yielding tree. Try growing from seed if you cannot get branch cuttings. Researchers at the Kenya Forestry Research Institute found growth rates as high as seven metres in the first year from seed, with extremely high fruit yield. The main danger with seedlings is getting too much moisture before they become woody. Moringa branch cuttings will root without much care, but they grow best if you plant them at the start of the rainy season or another time when the weather is mild. Avoid planting cuttings in very hot or cold weather. Choose a healthy, mature tree from which to take your cuttings. If possible, find out which trees bear the largest number of pods and the best-tasting ones. Take cuttings from those trees. It is always better to take cuttings from several different trees rather than just one. This way, if a disease or pest strikes, some of your trees will have a better chance of surviving. Find a straight mature branch with some hard wood. Cut off about one metre from the end of the branch, just below a node. Then cut off the leaves and tender growing end of the branch, cutting just above a node. This is your branch cutting.
SOURCE: Trees for Life International
Learn how to make your own Tire Planter here.


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Blog Move & New Site
Fellow devlog readers, we have moved our blog to a new location. If you want to stay up to date on the game, head over to http://contraptionmaker.com/blog/. This is in addition to our total revamp of the website. This new site is designed to try and explain the game more to people with no prior knowledge of the game. It also has a better foundation for more community expansion plans in the future. Check it out!
Alpha 5 is Live
Here it is, Alpha 5. I discussed this update fairly in depth in my last post for those of you that missed it. This was a crazy huge update that touched almost every file in the entire game. Unfortunately, because Kevin did his job correctly, not much difference can actually be seen. Pretty much everything that changed was under the hood. Even though you can't really see the changes, you do get to play with copy & paste now.
When you select a group of parts now, you can right click to clone the whole thing, or you can click the "copy to clipboard" button. This allows you to then paste the contraption group somewhere else. The cool part is that you aren't limited to copy & pasting in your current contraption. You can open up a new one and paste it there. This allows people to make "component sheets" of commonly used contraptions, or things that they don't want to have to build multiple times. They can also upload them to the workshop as contraptions so that other players can use them in their own creations. People were actually doing this back when we launched our Early Access, but copy & paste makes it much easier.
That's it for this update. Like I said, it may not seem like much, but this has actually been a huge amount of work. To make up for the lack of cool looking stuff, there will be new art, puzzles, and shiny things in our next update. Stay tuned!
Major Fixes
-Physics engine has been converted from float to int.
-Groups of parts can be cloned with right click.
-Groups of parts can be copied to the clipboard and pasted elsewhere (even in a new contraption).
-Adjusted electrical cords so they don't jump between outlets when more than one part are moved at the same time.
-Clicking the part help or goal buttons will now open and close windows instead of having to click the 'X' every time.
-Delete fully connected ropes and belts in a group so that ropes no longer have to be deleted twice.
-Fixed bug where attached ropes and belts were not deleted when the parent part was dragged out of a puzzle, causing the rope to become un-deletable.
-Massive performance increase on Mac version.
All Bug Fixes
-Added location goal to Milton Mouse.
-Initialized the electrical cord plug after cloning.
-Changed methodology of how auto plugin of electrical cords work.
-Make sure cloned part ids are always sorted.
-Fixed segment to segment collision check to fix laser being blocked by nothing. A side benefit is the code will be slightly faster. Laser beams are very long so they were more likely to have overflow problems.
-Bellows wind force is no longer 65536 times too high.
-Allowed Fishbowl to be flipped.
-Explosion now affects Tim correctly.
-Adjusted trigger angles on Steam Whistle so it is activated correctly.
-Fixed overflow when calculating offset to explosion on wall.
-Fixed max heat value for bomb's fuse.
-Made sharp point of pin slightly larger.
-Added profiling to lots of places..
-Ensure identical temporary part ids across clients.
-Reset temporary object ids.
-Prevent clones from overlapping.
-Fixed part removal so it always occurs on the same frame that the mShouldRemove flag is set. Before it could be delayed to a later frame if a larger delta time was passed into level update.
-Fix memory leak in line batch sprite.
-Sin, Cos, and Exp routines that return same values on Windows and Mac.
-Fixed crash when cloning from an older level.
-Do not allow cloning when there are overlapping parts.
-Removed the rounding values from the fixed point routines.
-Temp hash id fixed to make cloned group of parts run exactly the same all the time for levels with less than 49,157 shapes in them.
-Fix for belts / ropes not disconnecting.
-Sort parts to clone before cloning so they go up by part number.
-Fixed Rotary Limit constraint value on Jack-in-the-Box.
-Fixed Dynamic Rope Segments to correctly handle larger values.
-Fixed Laser Beams to not overflow when calculating start and end points.
-Fixed quite a few sin/cos calculations in CMPart.cpp that were causing overflows.
-Fixed impulse and damping on Bottle Rockets, Rockets, and Missiles.
-Fixed calculation of location of Water Drop created by Dripping Bucket.
-Fixed Lawn Mower Motor's handle's rope attachment location to get rid of divide by zero error.
-Fixed CCDrawNode to use correct shader.
-Fixed trampoline missing message.
-Delete zone in puzzle mode includes being outside the window.
-Fixed belt attachment rotation speeds to work with new integer delta time values.
-Fixed bugs in a few places where integers were being treated as floats or floats were treated as ints. This cause some calculations to be off by 65536 times too large or to incorrectly round to zero.
-Fixed Waldo's vision so it is slightly larger (works better).
-Fixed an overflow condition in Damped Rotary Spring that was causing very stiff spring-loaded trapdoors to vibrate instead of coming to rest.
-Fix rogue goals causing puzzle completion bug.
-Fixed animation bug where the first frame can get out of sync.
-Do not play an animation with one frame.
-Fixed various overflow type bugs.
-Make group cloning work in multiplayer.
-Prevent unlocked parts with goals from triggering completion.
-Fixed rectangle borders on the trapdoors.
-Fixed explosions to not overflow by using larger impulse ranges.
-Fixed speed imparted to Water Drops leaving Dripping Bucket.
-Fixed collision verts of broken Fishbowl (they were still in old smaller float range).
-Fixed force imparted by Pinball Bumper.
-Fixed bitmaps so they scale correctly in Punching Fist and Spring Trap Door.
-Fixed processExplosion in Wall so that the correct segments are destroyed by explosions.
-Fix for puzzle goals not all being checked if one has a timer.
-More fixed point defines and macros.
-New square root functions that return an int.
-Added an approximate distance routine.
-Changes to Dynamic Rope to be more efficient.
-Adjust Dynamic Rope Segments to run either floating point or int64 versions.
January 10th Update & New Physics
The holidays have come and gone, and Contraption Maker process just keeps moving along. The Steam holiday sale was pretty exciting for us. We were actually in the running for a community flash sale vote! We didn't end up winning, but it was closer than we anticipated it would be, and it gave us some front page exposure during the voting. We also ended up in a Youtube video that has over 200,000 views! It's great to see more people finding out about Contraption Maker, and being really positive about it.
Kevin has finally emerged from his dark cave of physics programming with a new integer physics system. This was a massive overhaul and an amazing feat of work from Kevin. It's still a little ways away from public consumption, but after a bit of internal testing it should be coming out to you guys.
What does this change really mean? This is going to make sure that Contraption Maker runs the same on every processor that it plays on. The game already runs fairly consistently between Mac and PC, but there are still a few issues that should go away. Also, we wont have to worry about all of the different mobile chips, the game will run the same on every tablet as well.
Integer physics also solve a huge problem related to the issue of copy & paste. The reason we haven't implemented it yet is because with floating point physics, things can behave differently depending on how far away they are from their origin point. Right now, if you copy a group of parts and paste it somewhere a ways away (or in a different contraption), there is no guarantee that it will behave exactly the same. However, with the new integer physics, this problem is fixed.
Here is an example of the process in action. This is a simple contraption running in the current floating point system, and in the new integer system. Each one was ran, then moved a ways away and ran again. You'll see that the floating point contraption has a slightly different result each time, but the integer stays the same. It may not look like much, just some bowling balls slightly moved around, but things like this can make a huge difference in how your contraption behaves.
TL;DR Kevin's awesome new physics system is coming out very soon, it is going to fix a lot of issues, and you can expect copy&paste to be coming soon as well!
Holiday Sale & New Video
Hello! Quick little update today. As many of you probably know, the Steam Holiday Sale just started yesterday. Contraption Maker is participating in the sale, so you can pick it up for 50% off this week. Get it today if you haven't joined in on the Early Access yet. If you have, why not get an extra copy and gift it to a friend so you can try multiplayer together?
We also have a new showcase video. It's been a while, so I thought it would be fun to make another one of these. This one shows off a bunch of the new sound effects, as well as the new winter background set.
Alpha 4: Introducing Multiplayer!
Alpha 4 is out there and ready to go! Grab the update from Steam, or head to our site to buy the Early Access if you want to join everyone else. This update's main focus is mainly one thing, but it's big. We now have cooperative multiplayer. This took a lot of effort from everyone involved, so things like more usability improvements had to take a little bit of a backseat this time. Also, Kevin is hard at work on some low level fixes that will allow some awesome, much needed features like cut & paste. This work isn't quite done yet though, so that will be coming in our next major update. Enjoy a bunch of new sound effects, new scenery pieces, and real time cooperative multiplayer!
This feature has been on our list for a long time, and it's so exciting to finally get version 1.0 out there. In this very first version of multiplayer, you can create or join a server and build cooperatively with people. This behaves almost exactly like the current "make" mode, but you can play together with up to 7 other people.
This is a very exciting first step. Sean and Keith put some amazing work into this over the last month, and their effort really shows. It may open up the door for future types of online play like puzzle solving or a versus mode. Join some friends, or build with fellow community members and let us know what you think!
New Sounds
Contraption Maker is now much less silent. New sounds have been added for the following parts:
- Whistle
- Solar panel
- Lawn mower motor
- Cat-o-matic
- Egg timer
- Generator
- Lasers
- Anti-grav pad
- Cannon
- Balloon pop
- Scissors
- Bellows
- Egg break
- Fish bowl
- Mechanical trampoline
- Ray gun
- Toaster
- Vacuum
Holiday Scenery
A new winter themed set of holiday scenery has been added. Play around with snowballs, igloos, and candy canes.
General Improvements
In addition to a number of bug fixes that can be found HERE, a few new features are worthy of giving a little bit more attention:
- Auto-save backup: After you save a contraption for the first time in make mode, it will now auto-save every 60 seconds. If the game crashes, or you quit without saving, you will have a backup. When reloading a contraption, we check to see if there is a newer auto-save. If there is, you are given the option to load the new version, or your older saved version.
- Creatures: Adjustments have been made to Tim and his fellow animals. Waldo and Milton will now angle themselves with walls as they walk up them, creatures will now work correctly on conveyor belts, and Tim now has a faster running state that he can be set to. Some of these changes may affect how your contraptions with creatures behave, so be sure to check them out and make any adjustments needed.
- Official puzzle tweaks: Tweaks have been made to some of the official puzzles to remove some of the more crazy exploits.
- Text field improvements: You can now move around in text fields with the arrow keys. If you make a spelling error in the beginning of your puzzle description, you no longer have to delete everything in front of it.
Because of the heavy focus on getting multiplayer to work, there are sadly no new official puzzles in this update. However, there are starting to be a lot of really great community puzzles. I strongly encourage everyone to check out puzzles by community member Makies Okami. They are a puzzle machine, submitting over 50 awesome puzzles to the workshop so far. We will continue to create more official puzzles, but in the meantime, you can give Makies Okami's workshop a visit!
November 27th Update: Multiplayer & Computers
Now that Alpha 3 has been out for a couple weeks, what have we been up to? Our main focus has been on getting multiplayer ready for the public to start using. Keith and Sean have been working hard to get all sorts of server business sorted out and working properly so you guys will be able to start building contraptions together! If everything goes according to plan, multiplayer should be in our next big update. We can't wait to see what everyone will be able to create with multiple people working together.
Speaking of awesome creations, a few stand out community members have been doing some amazing work since we added lasers into the game. What started as just a few logic gate creations has grown into crazy complicated programmable contraptions (check the header image). There is a thread going over on our Steam forums that is full of some really great posts for anyone interested in Contraption Maker logic and wiring. The game wont be complete until someone makes a full working computer inside of a contraption
Our next update may be a little light on new parts. We have really been focusing on getting multiplayer working, and Kevin has been working on some deep down physics changes. He is doing a big change from floating point calculations to integers. This is a pretty painful process right now, but it's going to have some great changes on the game. This is going to solve a lot of determinism issues that have still been hanging around, and allow us to implement handy features like copy & paste. The best outcome is that it should allow the game to run the same as we make the move over to ARM chips when we make our mobile version. I can't say if this change will be in the same update as multiplayer, as it may take longer than expected if other issues pop up. Unfortunately deep down changes like this don't put much "money on the screen," but they are for the better, and it's much better to do them now instead of later.
Finally, we have started a new video series. The "Contraption Maker School" will help guide players through different parts of the game. We have two videos so far, one is an overview of the whole game for brand new players, and the other walks you through the process of making your own puzzle. As we make more of these videos, they should help new players get started making their own contraptions.
BONUS NOTE: We are on sale for 50% off this whole week during the Steam Autumn Sale! Go get it!
Contraption Maker Alpha 3 Released
Alright, here it is: Alpha 3! Even more parts for you to play with, some new puzzles, and a lot of usability fixes to make building your contraptions a much smoother process. Grab the latest update from Steam, or buy the Early Access to start playing this awesome new build!
New Parts
New parts have been added, a big portion of which are lasers and their associated parts.
- Egg: The egg can roll around and be thrown around your contraptions. If it falls too far or gets hit to hard it will break. Try to throw it as far as you can without breaking it.
- Egg Timer: Set a time and then hit the button on the top or bottom. When time is up, the hand will give a poke.
- Lawn Mower Motor: Attach a rope and pull the starter. The mower will run forever.
- Bellows: Hit the bellows with a ball to give a one time gust of wind.
- Steve the Crocodile: Steve just hangs out and eats whatever comes his way. If he can't eat it, he will toss it up in the air.
- Phil the Fish: Phil swims around in his bowl. If you break the bowl, it will attract Waldo.
Lasers and associated parts have been added. This is the very first version of lasers, and they do not have final art, but they are functional.
- RGB Lasers: Standard lasers come in red, green, and blue. They must be plugged in to turn on.
- RGB Inverse Lasers: Inverse lasers turn on by default. If the sensor on the back is hit by another laser, it will turn off.
- Mirror: Bounce lasers around with mirrors.
- Splitter: This will split one laser into two.
- Laser Outlet: An outlet powered by laser input.
- Mixer: Mix two lasers to make a new color.
- Repeater: Extends the reach of a laser. It can also have a delay applied to how long it takes to turn on and off.
New Puzzles
A smaller update than last time, but there are 10 new official puzzles. These are all categorized as easy. As we have watched many people play the game, they have asked for easier puzzles to help ease them into the game. We will add more hard puzzles eventually, but until then there are plenty of awesome, hard puzzles in the Workshop.
Additional Scenery Pieces
No new scenery sets, but the forest and underwater sets have had more parts added to them. Enjoy playing with new trees, cabins, shipwrecks, and more.
Usability Improvements
A number of usability improvements have made the game easier to use. The biggest change is how ropes and belts are handled. Ropes and belts can now be selected directly instead of having to first select the part they are attached to. Also, when holding a rope or a belt, all possible attach points are shown to make it easier to see what can be attached to.
This is just a small sample of what has been improved and fixed. Check out this FORUM POST for a full list of changes.
There were a number of part changes and physics changes that may affect how your current contraptions run. Some are simple, such as the fuse being moved on the cannon.
However, there were some changes made that fixed a number of physics determinism issues. These are needed changes which help make sure contraptions run the same every time on all sorts of different computers. There is a chance that it can affect some contraptions though, so it would be a good idea to run through your current contraptions to update them.
November 8th Update: Minecon
Sorry to leave everyone in the dark last week, I was at Minecon, and it pretty much took all of my time for the weekend. Speaking of Minecon, it went great! It was a good opportunity to get Contraption Maker in front of an entirely new audience. It was a much younger audience, so a lot of them had never heard of The Incredible Machine, and had never played anything like it. Really great to see a whole new generation is ready to embrace the game.
Game progress is still going great, and we seem to be on track for an Alpha 3 release next week. With multiplayer progress going faster than we originally anticipated, Keith has jumped back to the current build to work on some user interface tweaks and bugs. Multiplayer wont be coming in the update next week, but it will be hopefully coming sooner than we thought! Kevin is still adding new parts, and is now working on getting the first batch of laser parts into the game.
I'm working on making a few new puzzles for the update. After watching people play the game at both PAX and Minecon now, I want to add some more easy and tutorial puzzles for those that are new to the game. For people that have never played the game before and don't understand the concept, it can be very difficult to even solve the easiest of puzzles. Also, that "aha!" moment of solving a puzzle still feels good even if you just have to put down one part. I've seen the joy in a lot of people's eyes in person now, and you can see how excited they get. For those that want super hard pull your hair out puzzles, those will be coming in due time. For now, there are plenty of puzzles being uploaded in the community that are usually harder than the official ones.
For your video this week, I have compiled another collection of community contraptions. The last couple of weeks has seen a lot of new puzzles and contraptions being uploaded. I keep getting amazed at the creativity coming from everyone playing the game. It really is inspiring, and it makes us want to continue working hard to get the best product we can out to everyone.
October 25th Update: Alpha 3 Soon
Happy Friday everyone! Another week of steady progress of Contraption Maker. Most of the parts that had art finished for them last week are in the game. We now have bellows, Phil the Fish, and Steve the Crocodile to play with. Some concepts for an upcoming batch of parts also got finished, so those will be modeled soon as well.
For the upcoming Alpha 3, we are going to try and get our first batch of laser parts into the game. Lasers are going to have more associated parts than they did in TIM to make them a lot more powerful. That will deserve a blog post by itself to go over what parts we are adding and why. For this first batch of parts though, it will most likely be lasers, mixers, mirrors, and outlets. Just the bare bones parts to get you guys starting to play around with them.
I leave you all with a new video showing off the new parts that we got into the game this week.
October 18th Update: Bug Fixes & New Parts
Alpha 2 has been out for a little over a week now, and hopefully you guys are having fun with all of the new stuff! Progress has been moving along towards our next major update which should be out in November. We got a hotfix build out last week that fixed some bugs from the Alpha 2 release. Here is a full list of those changes:
- Fix most of the flickering issue with textfields inside windows when scrolling.
- Fixed crash when deleting a frame.
- Fixed bug preventing text from being set
- Fixed crash when an animation node label was clicked
- Hide push front / back buttons for ghost nodes
- Hide push front / back buttons and slider when resizing or rotating.
- Type (unneeded space) in Electric Generator state
- Made Remote Bomb Plunger correct set goal state
- Made Remote Bomb Plunger correct set goal state
- Made Buckets affected by explosions
- Fixed Remote Bomb Plunger so the collision shape gets correctly updated
- Made Steam Whistle recognize goal state
- Fixed animation tool crash
- Fixed "Angry Tims" and "The Pretty Good Escape" to be solvable
We just got some art done for new parts coming up, and it's looking pretty sweet! Here is just a handful of some of the new parts you can expect in our next major update.
Keith's next big project is getting cooperative contraption building working. He just got up his first playable version. We can now work on the same contraption with two different computers at once! There is still a lot a work ahead before this feature hits the alpha for all of you to play with, but it's still exciting.
That's it for this week, stay tuned for another update next week. Keep on building contraptions and sharing them on the Workshop for us all to see! No need to be selfish and keep them to yourself. Every day there are awesome puzzles and contraptions uploaded to the Workshop, it's definitely fun to see.
For this week's video, enjoy this contraption from community member Extazy Test N°2. He has been putting up some awesome creations, each one seems more amazing than the last. This contraption told a little story, and used the background pieces in an interesting way. A lot of stuff happens behind the scenes so you don't get to see everything, but sometimes a little mystery makes it fun


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Rawlings MLB Kansas City Royals Genuine Maple Wooden Baseball Fan Watch
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An event with a TZID of "UTC" without an explicit VTIMEZONE named UTC is incorrectly interpreted as a local time even though a UTC timezone is built-in and handled in icaltimezone_get_builtin_timezone(). This is because icaltimezone_get_builtin_timezone_from_tzid() returns before calling icaltimezone_get_builtin_timezone() since "UTC" doesn't have three slashes in it.
I added a special case to the top of icaltimezone_get_builtin_timezone_from_tzid() that immediately calls icaltimezone_get_builtin_timezone() and returns the UTC timezone if the TZID is "UTC" or "GMT". I added GMT as well because some older clients will assume that GMT is a built-in timezone and generate VCALENDARs using GMT without including a corresponding VTIMEZONE (Lotus Notes does this for sure, I don't know what else does).
A better solution might be to remove the early exit for num_slashes != 3 in icaltimezone_get_builtin_timezone_from_tzid(), but I'm not sure why it was put there in the first place. It looks like this was added when the built-in timezone prefix stuff was added, but it essentially prevents icaltimezone_get_builtin_timezone() from ever getting called in some valid cases.
thanks again Kent.
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We take great pride in the fact that our programs are based on current research in the field. Translating research into our programs is a key component in the development of our curriculum. This allows us to be more confident that our programs will be effective once implemented in classrooms. In addition, we are committed to evaluating our programs for effectiveness through randomized control trials. Only through these research trials can we be certain our programs meet their intended objectives. Through rigorous research in the development of our programs and by evaluating the outcomes of our programs, we strive to provide a truly effective curriculum that helps children improve their social-emotional skills and be successful in school and in life.
A 64-classroom randomized control trial is being conducted in Massachusetts by Dr. Carole Upshur (University of Massachusetts Medical School) to evaluate the effect of the Second Step Early Learning curriculum on young children's end-of-preschool social skills, emotion regulation, executive functioning, and academic readiness skills, and how these affect kindergarten-readiness screening and kindergarten performance.
Dr. Dorothy Espelage (University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign) and Dr. Todd Little (Texas Tech University) are assessing the impact of the K–5 Second Step Bullying Prevention Unit in a randomized control trial involving 108 classrooms across nine K–5 schools in Illinois. In particular, they are examining the impact of the program on bullying and peer victimization.
Dr. Amanda Nickerson (University of Buffalo) is assessing the impact of the EL-G5 Second Step Child Protection Unit (CPU) in a randomized control trial involving eight schools in New York. In particular, the study will be assessing whether the CPU lessons improve student knowledge to recognize, report, and refuse unsafe situations. In addition, the study will examine whether the staff training improves the knowledge and motivation of staff as well.
Dr.Jennifer Livingston (University of Buffalo) is conducting a randomized control trial with parents and caregivers to gauge whether viewing the Second Step Child Protection Family Videos is an effective way to promote parent/ caregiver discussions about child sexual abuse.
Dr. Dana Charles McCoy (Harvard Graduate School of Education) and Drs. Vladimir Ponczek and Cristine Pinto (Fundação Getulio Vargas) are evaluating the impact of Programa Compasso in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Programa Compasso is a Brazilian SEL program developed by Ana Luiza Colagrossi and colleagues from the Instituto Vila Educação and based on the Second Step curriculum. Using a randomized control trial in more than 90 primary schools, the evaluation's objective is to understand the impact of Programa Compasso in terms of improving teacher outcomes, student social-emotional wellbeing, and student academic performance.
Increased Executive Functioning Shown in Preschoolers Who Received the Second Step Program
Upshur, C. C., Heyman, M., Wenz-Gross, M. (2017). Efficacy trial of the Second Step Early Learning (SSEL) curriculum: Preliminary outcomes.® Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 50, 15–25.
A classroom randomized trial was conducted using the Second Step Early Learning curriculum compared to the most commonly used curricula in Head Start and community preschools. Children receiving the Second Step curriculum had significantly better end-of-preschool executive function skills than students who did not receive the program.
Read more about this study.
Improvements in Prosocial Skills, Empathy, Conduct Shown with Second Step Program
Low, S., Cook, C. R., Smolkowski, K., & Buntain-Ricklefs, J. (2015). Promoting social–emotional competence: An evaluation of the elementary version of Second Step.® Journal of School Psychology, 53, 463–477.
This study (the first with the 2011 edition of the Second Step program) conducted a randomized controlled trial over a one-year period with 7300 students and 321 teachers in 61 schools across six school districts, from kindergarten to second grade. Significant improvements in social-emotional competence and behavior were made by children who started the school year with skill deficits in these areas. Additionally, the number of lessons completed and student engagement were predictive of improved student outcomes.
Read more about this study.
Less Adult Conflict Intervention, Improved Social Competence
Frey, K. S., Nolen, S. B., Edstrom, L. V., & Hirschstein, M. K. (2005). Effects of a school-based social-emotional competence program: Linking children's goals, attributions, and behavior. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 26, 171–200.
A study examined the effects of the Second Step program on 1,253 second- through fourth-grade children. When compared to children in a control group, those who participated in the Second Step program showed greater improvement in teacher ratings of their social competence, were less aggressive, and were more likely to choose positive goals.
Read more about this study.
Gains in Prosocial Skills and Behavior
Edwards, D., Hunt, M. H., Meyers, J., Grogg, K. R., & Jarrett, O. (2005). Acceptability and student outcomes of a violence prevention curriculum. The Journal of Primary Prevention, 26, 401–418. doi:10.1007/s10935-005-0002-z
A pre-post design of 455 fourth- and fifth-grade students in a small urban school district was studied to evaluate the efficacy of the Second Step curriculum. After students received the Second Step program they showed significant gains in knowledge about social-emotional skills. Report card data also revealed modest gains in prosocial behavior.
Read more about this study.
Physical Aggression 42 Percent Less Likely
Espelage, D. L., Low, S., Polanin, J. R., & Brown, E. C. (2013). The impact of a middle school program to reduce aggression, victimization, and sexual violence. Journal of Adolescent Health, 53(2), 180–186.
Thirty-six middle schools in the Chicago and Wichita areas participated in an evaluation of the Second Step Middle School program. Schools in the study were randomly assigned to teach either the Second Step program or be control schools. After one year, sixth-graders in schools that implemented the Second Step program were 42 percent less likely to say they were involved in physical aggression compared to sixth-graders in schools that did not implement the program.
Read more about this study.
20 percent reduction in bullying by students with disabilities
Espelage, D. L., Polanin, J. R., & Rose, C. A. (2015, in press). Social-emotional learning program to reduce bullying, fighting, and victimization among middle school students with disabilities. Remedial and Special Education, doi: 10.1177/0741932514564564
This three-year study followed 123 students with disabilities from sixth through eighth grades. The 47 students in the intervention group received Second Step lessons during these three years. The control group of 76 students received no Second Step lessons. The study found that bullying by students with disabilities decreased by one-fifth during this three-year period of middle school among the intervention group participating in the Second Step program.
Read more about this study.
Social Competence in Kindergarten a Predictor of Future Outcomes
Jones, D. E., Greenberg, M., and Crowley, M. (2015). Early social-emotional functioning and public health: The relationship between kindergarten social competence and future wellness. American Journal of Public Health. Advance online publication. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2015.302630
In a study released in July 2015 that examined nearly 20 years of data from the Fast Track Research Project, researchers found that teacher-rated social competence in kindergarten consistently and significantly predicted outcomes in education, employment, criminal justice, substance use, and mental health into adulthood. Kindergarteners with higher social competence scores were measurably more likely to attain a college degree, more likely to earn a high school diploma, and more likely to have a full-time job at age 25.
Read the full report
SEL Programs Studied Return $11 for Every $1 Invested
Belfield, C., Bowden, B., Klapp, A., Levin, H., Shand, R., & Zander, S. (2015). The Economic Value of Social and Emotional Learning. New York: Center for Benefit-Cost Studies in Education, Teachers College, Columbia University.
This pioneering report from Columbia University details a benefit-cost analysis evaluating six SEL interventions (including the Second Step program) that shows an average return on investment of $11 for every dollar spent. Until now there has been little-to-no data to show policymakers and grant givers the economic benefits of SEL curriculum. The researchers acknowledge the limitations of imprecise data and say their conservative estimates may not capture the full benefits of the SEL programs evaluated. Known benefits of the interventions studied include: reductions in child aggression, substance abuse, delinquency, and violence; lower levels of depression and anxiety; and increased grades, attendance, and performance in core academic subjects.
Read the full report.
Schoolwide Gains in SEL
Durlak, J. A., Weissberg, R. P., Dymnicki, A. B., Taylor, R. D., & Schellinger, K. B. (2011). The impact of enhancing students' social and emotional learning: A meta-analysis of school-based universal interventions. Child Development, 82(1): 405–432.
A meta-analysis of 213 school-based, universal social-emotional learning (SEL) programs was conducted. Compared to controls, SEL participants demonstrated significantly improved social and emotional skills, attitudes, behavior, and academic performance that reflected an 11-percentile-point gain in achievement.
Read more about this meta-analysis.
How SEL Helps Prevent Bullying
Smith, B. H., & Low, S. (2013). The role of social-emotional learning in bullying prevention efforts. Theory Into Practice, 52(4), 280–287. doi:10.1080/00405841.2013.829731
Research has shown that building the social-emotional competence of students is an important component of effective bullying prevention. This article examines how social-emotional learning (SEL) contributes to bullying prevention efforts in schools and discusses specific SEL skills that can be taught to students to help prevent bullying.
Read the article.
Safe, Supported, and Ready to Learn (PDF)
Child Protection in Schools: A Four-Part Solution (PDF)
Bullying Prevention in Schools Starts with SEL (PDF)
Leer en Español
Ready, Set, Go to School! (PDF)
Leer en Español
Closing the Income-Based Achievement Gap (PDF)
Self-Regulation: Setting the Course for Success (PDF)
Effective Implementation Practices (PDF)
Interested in learning about the research base of the Second Step program? Download the following reviews of research:
Early Learning Review of
Research (PDF)
Early Learning Research Summary (PDF)
K–5 Review of
Research (PDF)
K–5 Research Summary (PDF)
Middle School Review of Research (PDF)
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Geoff Johns
[SDCC'17] Geoff Johns confirms Doctor Manhattan behind the Doomsday Clock
Geoff Johns joined DC Publisher Dan DiDio at SDCC today and revealed new details about his highly anticipated DOOMSDAY CLOCK series.
[Solicitations] Superman and Doctor Manhattan to finally meet?
Over the weekend, while many of us were hanging out, Geoff Johns dropped a hint of what was to come after the Batman/Flash The Button event. Will the Watchmen finally reveal themselves to the DC Universe?
COMICS PORTAL: Are You Surviving the Current Comics Apocalypse?
On Friday, MajorSpoilers.com's Head Honcho Stephen Schleicher wrote the following: "Diamond Comic Distributors has announced DC Comics took the top spot once again in September for comics released in the direct market. Is this the sign of a major market change, or is the apocalypse upon us all!?" Given the reaction of some of my Marvel friends, I'd say the latter. I've had to give some the local comics suicide hotline number! Sheesh!
Aquaman: Rebirth #1 REVIEW
Poor Aquaman! Since he's a water-based hero, he's limited in what stories he can be involved in. His lower-tier status has long been the subject of jokes and derision, and though Geoff Johns did a great job with him, he's still struggling to gain some respect. One way to try and enhance his image is to get involved in the politics of both worlds, Atlantis and the part of the world above the oceans. That's the angle the new series is going to explore. Poor Aquaman! Since he's a water-based hero, he's limited in what stories he can be involved
Green Lantern: Rebirth #1 Review
For the longest time Hal Jordan has been the leading Green Lantern for Earth and Sector 2814. Now it's time for a new Lantern to take his place while he's gone. In fact, two Green Lanterns will be working together in his absence: Jessica Cruz and Simon Baz. Not familiar with those two? Luckily Green Lantern: Rebirth #1 is the start to a brand new Green Lantern series and Major Spoilers has your review after the jump!
DC Universe: Rebirth #1 REVIEW
When I was growing up, I loved 80-page Giants! In those days, these books cost like a quarter and were reprints from 5-10 years earlier. But I hadn't read them, so I pored over each and every story! It was an adventure into tales I hadn't read before, but still grew to love. DC Universe: Rebirth #1 is a lot like those wonderful comics. There's a LOT going on, some of it touching on recent comics stories, others going back into previous DC storylines I enjoy remembering.
COMICS PORTAL: Here Comes DC's Rebirth!
This Wednesday will be the beginning of the newest DC Comics event – Rebirth! DC Universe: Rebirth #1 will be available in two days! Eighty pages for just $2.99! Of course, DC hopes they'll get a response closer to The New 52 than DCYou, but we'll see. Rebirth is getting quite a lot of attention already, and some stores are doing special things to highlight this DC event.
[Business] Warner Bros. reorganizes, Geoff Johns and Jon Berg in charge of DC Films
Even though it made more money than any of us will see in our lifetime, the lackluster performance of Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice was enough for Warner Bros. to reorganize and put Geoff Johns and Jon Berg in charge of DC Films.
[Preview] Justice League: Darkseid War Special #1
DC Entertainment sent Major Spoilers a sneak peek of Justice League: Darkseid War Special #1 that arrives in stores this week.
COMICS PORTAL: On Board with Rebirth … So Far!
Some weeks, I have no idea what I'll be chatting about in this column until the last second. Not this week! This time, I've been anxious to weigh in on DC's Rebirth coming this summer! We don't yet know a lot about this event yet, but I like what I see so far! Let me share my thoughts on it with you.
[Rebirth] DC reveals first details of #Rebirth
Today, at the ComicsPRO retailer summit, DC Entertainment announced the first details of the coming Rebirth event. While they didn't give everything away, there is just enough to make us scratch our heads.
[Teaser] Don't call it a Reboot – Johns and Lee tease Rebirth
Last month, Jim Lee and Dan DiDio teased us with a Twitter image simply titled "Rebirth". Today, there a bit of an update.
Star Trek/Green Lantern: The Spectrum War #6 of 6 Review
Of all the Star Trek comics crossovers, this one was the most unexpected to me. Granted, the time has come when special effects could make this happen on TV or in the movie theater. Still, I was really surprised when this team-up of Star Trek and Green Lantern was announced. Based on how others have reacted, I'm not alone!
[SDCC'15] Milestone Universe Returns to DC as Earth-M
Today it was announced that Milestone Media will return to the DC Universe. These characters and titles will take place on Earth-M and will be spread across graphic novels, mini series and one-shot events. Characters mentioned at the panel to feature in the Earth-M stories include: Static Shock, Hardware, Icon, Rocket and Xombi with the tease of new heroes and villains to come. The Earth-M titles will be helmed by DC Co-Publisher Jim Lee, DC Chief Creative Officer Geoff Johns and Reginald Hudlin who worked on the fan favourite Static Shock cartoon series. Milestone titles were introduced in the 1990s through a publishing partnership with DC Comics and


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… ever-observant, keen-eyed ET hunters claim that the short video also reveals a previously hidden or cloaked giant spaceship.
Probably not, says a scientist at the Naval Research Laboratory in Washington, D.C.
"I'd rather not comment on what other people are thinking," said Nathan Rich, a ground systems engineer for the Sun Earth Connection Coronal and Heliospheric Investigation, a group of scientific telescopes that observe the sun's corona, a region where solar wind and X-ray radiation originate.
"We get this kind of reaction quite frequently," Rich told The Huffington Post. "The Naval Research Laboratory has provided the telescopes that are on the NASA spacecraft. We built and operate the instruments."
He explained that the CME took place while Mercury happened to be in the center of the image.
"The camera wasn't focused on Mercury. It passes through the field of view on a regular basis. (Image left) By going to our website, you can get a movie for any day from this telescope.
"On the video, you're observing what we call coronal mass ejections — basically refraction from electrons and other particles coming off the sun. It's part of the solar wind and it's a very dynamic place called the heliosphere," he said.
But as this solar wind material streamed across Mercury, something very large and bright appeared to the right of the small planet — something that UFO enthusiasts are hoping and claiming is the real alien deal. (Image left)
"It's cylindrical on either side and has a shape in the middle. It definitely looks like a ship to me, and very obviously, it's cloaked," suggested YouTube user sinXster, who uploaded the short video to the video site.
While UFO enthusiasts hope the video reveals something akin to a cloaked Romulan or Klingon ship hiding out in the shadow of Mercury, Rich explains that, in essence, the "alien" image is a visual after-effect or ghost artifact of Mercury that was photographed the previous day.
"It's a complicated effect," Rich said. "It's basically the background that is removed from the image to bring out the faint coronal signal. It's a negative imprint on the background." …
via Mercury UFO: NASA Spacecraft Photographs Strange Glowing Object (VIDEO).


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Moonlight Mushrooms - Glow-in-the-Dark Watering Spikes
Better-than-life... Handblown, glow-in-the-dark glass mushrooms. And they water plants too.
This is one of the coolest teapots I've ever seen. It looks as though you'd get a full bodied taste of the leaves with this oneAdded 8 Years Ago from Yankodesign
so pretty sure the boyfriend would DEF get a kick outta this one. Just sayin...not too mention, I'm actually quite fascinated by how it looks. hehe.
There's something about clear glass mundane items like this unsealed ziplock bag vase and glass water bottles and milk cartons that I love. It's one part art and one part functionality that equals perfection.Tags: gifts, humor, kitchen, accessories, glass, unusual, kitchen tools, bowls, candyAdded 8 Years Ago from Chiasso
Whisky Stones made of Vermont Soapstone. The Whisky stones will chill but not dilute your most cherished Whisky or Scotch. Whisky Stones are non-porous and will not change the flavor of your Whisky.Tags: home, gifts, wine, kitchen, accessories, glass, entertaining, unusual, kitchen toolsAdded 8 Years Ago from Fitzsu
Glass water bottles. Awesome.
Ohmigosh, this is hilarious -- Can someone buy me one, please??


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NEW YORK (Mar. 25)
The board of trustees of a wealthy Manhattan Reform congregation has approved appointment of a rabbi to succeed one dismissed last month in a dispute over his long hair and controversial views under procedures which the dismissed rabbi has described as questionable, the Jewish Telegraphic Agency was informed today. The board of Congregation Shaarey Tefila approved, by secret vote at a meeting on March 17, the appointment of Rabbi Harvey Tattelbaum, who is currently rabbi of the Village Temple, another Manhattan Reform congregation. He was named to succeed Rabbi Philip Schechter, who resigned on March 2. Members of the Shaarey Tefila congregation voted at a stormy meeting on Feb. 16 in effect not to extend Rabbi Schechter's unwritten contract. Rabbi Schechter contended he was dismissed by the board because he tried to "modernize procedures" of the 125-year-old synagogue. The 144-135 vote at the Feb. 16 meeting was on a resolution calling on the board to reconsider a Jan. 31 decision not to renew the contract of the 35-year-old rabbi. More than 500 congregants were present but many could not vote because they were in the classification of associate and junior members who have no voting rights.
Rabbi Malcolm Stern, chairman of the placement committee of the Central Conference of American Rabbis, the Reform rabbinical group, told the JTA that Rabbi Tattelbaum's quick appointment was on the basis of "the equivalent of an in-congregational promotion." Under CCAR placement rules, availability of a pulpit is reported in the CCAR newsletter, which is circulated to all CCAR members who may then apply. The rules require that the outgoing rabbi approve such listing of the pulpit he has left. However, rabbis serving as assistants in a congregation may be engaged to become the senior rabbi without going through the usual procedures. Rabbi Tattelbaum was an assistant to Rabbi Bernard Bamberger at Shaarey Tefila from 1962 to 1965 when he was named to the Village Temple pulpit. Rabbi Stern, asked about the application of the in-congregational promotion rule to a rabbi who had not been in service to Shaarey Tefila for nearly eight years, said that the appointment was made on the basis of treating Rabbi Tattelbaum as meriting the "equivalent" of an in-congregational promotion because of his prior service to Shaarey Tefila's pulpit. Rabbi Stern said that there were precedents for that procedure in the appointments of Rabbi Jerome Davidson at Temple Beth-El in Great Neck, N.Y. and Rabbi Jeffrey Stiffman of Temple Shaare Emeth in St. Louis.
Rabbi Stern was asked why the CCAR newsletter of March had listed the availability of the Shaarey Tefila pulpit when the CCAR office knew that negotiations were then underway by Shaarey Tefila officials to hire Rabbi Tattelbaum. Rabbi Stern replied that it was standard procedure to list open pulpits as soon as they became open, which that of Shaarey Tefila did when Rabbi Schechter resigned on March 2 and that the CCAR placement committee was not involved in the approach of Shaarey Tefila officials to Rabbi Tattelbaum whom they knew from his prior service. Rabbi Schechter flatly denied he had given Rabbi Stern his approval on the availability of the Shaarey Tefila pulpit. He told the JTA that he had proposed to Rabbi Roland Gittelsohn, CCAR president, that Shaarey Tefila be blacklisted by the CCAR for its rule banning congregational voting rights to members under 35 and that Rabbi Gittelsohn had indicated that the problem would be worked out. Told about the denial, Rabbi Stern said he called Rabbi Schechter immediately after his March 2 resignation and that Rabbi Schechter gave his approval, subject to his qualification over the non-voting rule for younger congregants. At the time of the congregational vote on his dismissal, Rabbi Schechter was on a leave of absence with full pay until the end of his first year. He told the JTA today he resigned on March 2 because he had been told that if he did not, he might have to sue the congregation to collect the salary due him through the end of June.


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Currently viewing the tag: "The Cipher Brief"
Don't Make Diplomacy the "Missing Man" in Our Foreign Policy Formation
By James Stavridis On March 20, 2017 · Leave a Comment
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This past week, the White House released its final proposed budget, which aims to slash funding for the State Department and USAID, causing great concern among many Americans.
In military parlance, a "missing man" formation is an aerial tribute to a fallen comrade. A group of jets come flying toward the crowd, and suddenly one […]
Decoding Donald Trump's Foreign Policy
By James Stavridis On November 20, 2016 · Leave a Comment
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Last week, I wrote about the different foreign policy issues President-elect Trump will face when he assumes office in January. What I didn't comment on is the way in which the President-elect will tackle these challenges.
Why did I leave that out? Because at this point, no one is really sure. What the public has […]
Dean Stavridis with his basset hound, Lilly.
Dean James Stavridis is the 12th leader of The Fletcher School since its founding in 1933. A retired Admiral in the U.S. Navy, he led the NATO Alliance in global operations from 2009 to 2013 as Supreme Allied Commander.
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In Teen Dating
How can you get boys attention?
Flip your hair, wear makeup (not too much), smile all the time... but whatever you do, don't change your personality for the sake of a boy... it takes a toll on life in the lo…ng run... oh, and make eye contact. That's important. (MORE)


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RFE: Conference Listings
This service is a joint project of RFE and EconBiz.
University Association for Contemporary European Studies UACES
- Dates:
- September 05-07, 2011
- Description:
- 41st UACES Annual Conference - University Association for Contemporary European Studies "Exchanging Ideas on Europe 2011"
- Location:
- Cambridge, Robinson College, United Kingdom
- Subject:
- The event will bring together academics and practitioners working in all areas of European Studies including law, economics, geography, history, sociology, public policy and politics.[gem?_?? den Informationen des Anbieters - according to site editor's information]
- Notes:
- JEL Code:
- Sponsor:
- http://www.uaces.org/archive/events/cambridge/


text: Leslie and Hariharan, the musical duo popularly known as Colonial Cousins are planning to make their entry in the South Indian film industry through Sarans comeback film Modhi Vilayadu! The Kajal Agarwal and Vinay starrer film is almost complete and the post production works are going on at a brisk pace. For Saran, this is considered as his re entry film. He had incurred a huge loss through three of his own production films. In a press meet held yesterday at Green Park, the director thanked the producers and revealed that the movie was going to be very different and an important milestone for him. Saran said, I have learnt a lot from failures. After this film, my works will be measured and mentioned as belonging to the pre-Modhi Vilayadu period and the post-Modhi Vilayadu period. Poet Vairamuthu, who introduced the musical duo, remarked that Colonial Cousins would be as great as the Viswanathan-Ramamurthy pair of yesteryears.


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The Determinants of Rural Household Food Security in the Punjab, Pakistan: An Econometric Analysis
Pakistan is one of the leading producers of important agricultural commodities in the world with a relatively high proportion of undernourished population (26 %). This study aims to examine the food security trends in Pakistan in general, and to find out the household level food security and its key determinants in the rural areas of the Punjab Province in particular. Both secondary and primary data were used. Secondary data were obtained from Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), World Bank and Government of Pakistan's data sources. Primary data were collected from 1152 households in 12 districts of the Punjab province using questionnaire survey. The analysis was done in two phases i.e. (Phase-A) identification of food security trends, at national level and (Phase-B) household food security and its determinants. For Phase-A, graphical representations are produced and for Phase-B primary data were analyzed in two further stages. In stage one the food security status of households was calculated using the calorie intake method. The second stage focused on identifying the socio-economic factors affecting food security using the logistic regression. The secondary data revealed that Pakistan is a food sufficient as well as food secure country at the national level. But at the household level 23 percent of the sample households were measured to be food insecure. Econometric analysis revealed that monthly income, livestock assets, joint family system and education levels (middle, intermediate and graduation) were positively impacting the rural household food security. On the other hand, greater household heads' age and family size had negative impacts on household food security. It is suggested that income generating opportunities needs to be created along with improvements in secondary and technical education systems, and family planning programs to alleviate food insecurity in the study region.
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|Date of creation:
|28 Mar 2012
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| Postal: 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009
Phone: (61) (8) 6488 1757
Fax: (61) (8) 6488 1098
Web page: http://www.are.uwa.edu.au/
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References listed on IDEAS
Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.:
- Maxwell, Daniel G., 1996. "Measuring food insecurity: the frequency and severity of "coping strategies"," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 21(3), pages 291-303, July.
- Haile, H.K. & Alemu, Zerihun Gudeta & Kudhlande, G., 2005. "Causes Of Household Food Insecurity In Koredegaga Peasant Association, Oromiya Zone, Ethiopia," Working Paper Series 28074, University of the Free State, Department of Agricultural Economics.
- Amaza, P.S. & Umeh, Joseph Chinedu & Helsen, J. & Adejobi, A.O., 2006. "Determinants and Measurements of Food Insecurity in Nigeria: Some Empirical Policy Guide," 2006 Annual Meeting, August 12-18, 2006, Queensland, Australia 25357, International Association of Agricultural Economists.
- Sidhu, R.S. & Kaur, Inderpreet & Vatta, Kamal, 2008. "Food and Nutritional Insecurity and its Determinants in Food Surplus Areas: The Case Study of Punjab State," Agricultural Economics Research Review, Agricultural Economics Research Association (India), vol. 21(1), June.
- Marijke Verpoorten, 2001. "Imperfect Markets: a Case Study in Senegal," Working Papers Department of Economics ces0120, KU Leuven, Faculty of Economics and Business, Department of Economics.
- Nord, Mark, 2005. "Measuring U.S. Household Food Security," Amber Waves, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service, April.
- Kidane, Habtom & Alemu, Zerihun Gudeta & Kundhlande, Godfrey, 2005. "Causes of household food insecurity in Koredegaga Peasant Association, Oromiya Zone, Ethiopia," Agrekon, Agricultural Economics Association of South Africa (AEASA), vol. 44(4), December.
- Shiferaw T. Feleke & Richard L. Kilmer & Christina H. Gladwin, 2005. "Determinants of food security in Southern Ethiopia at the household level," Agricultural Economics, International Association of Agricultural Economists, vol. 33(3), pages 351-363, November.
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You can request a Free Sample of Vaska Laundry Detergent. This detergent boasts that they are the "perfect" scent-free detergent!! While supplies last.
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