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How to understand your cat's mood
Cats can't talk (except Siamese, of course) but they do express themselves if you know how to read their body language. Cat expert Dr Katherine Miller of the ASPCA tells how to understand your cat's mood.
Cats have personalities and moods just like humans. It's important to observe and judge your cat's moods when establishing and building your relationship.
Assessing your cat's mood:
- Cats express themselves through their body language.
- A resting, happy cat will appear relaxed, with a slow moving tail, drooping or closed eyes and it's ears will be placed at a 45° angle to its head.
- Indicators of a fearful, anxious or angry cat are a pulled-back head, whiskers and ears, tense muscles and a tail that is held closely to or under the body.
- Hissing is a defense mechanism. Give your cat the space it is requesting.
- Draw the cat toward you using a calm voice, crouching down low and holding out your hand to your cat.
- Don't stand straight on and upright, making quick motions.
- Try to stay calm, soothing and small.
- A new cat may not feel comfortable with you at first.
- As they start to get comfortable, you can coax them out of their shell with play time, a toy, some treats (make a trail of treats leading the cat to you).
- Ideally you want to encourage a cat to be with you rather than force them.
- Give new cats a few weeks to adapt to a new home environment.
KATHERINE: Even though cat's can't speak and tell you how they're feeling, they're body language speaks volumes. So that's why cat owners know that their cats have different moods and different things that they're trying to tell them. And people who aren't so familiar with cats aren't aware of that. So it's important to get to know the whole body language repertoire or a cat in order to understand how it's feeling.
RON: Can their tail be doing something in particular, or just in general their stance?
KATHERINE: Its both of those things actually, the particular parts of a cat's body, their ears, its tail, the tension in its muscles, these are all important things. But it's also important to look at it as a whole to understand exactly what's going on.
RON: Okay, so lets give specific examples, how do you know when your cat is happy?
KATHERINE: If your cat is happy and its resting for example, its probably going to have very relaxed muscles, its tail will be sort of drooping moving slowly, its eyes might be also half mast closed, and its ears will be at a sort of forty-five degree angle from the front of its head.
ROM: Cat's can turn fearful at times, of what exactly, I suppose it doesn't matter as much as knowing they're fearful of something. How do you know that? What are some of the indicators?
KATHERINE: A cat who is fearful of anxious has a lot of tension in its body language, and you'll see that the muscles are tense, the tail is often held close to the body or tucked underneath the body, the head might be pulled down into the shoulders, and you might see the ears plastered back against the head. And also the whiskers get pulled back as well.
RON: So if you generally have a cat who is shy and nervous for whatever reason, how do you begin to break through?
KATHERINE: Well, when you first take a cat home a lot of them are going to be shy at first. It's a new situation, everything is new to them, and they don't know why they're there or where they are. And as they start to get comfortable in there new home their personality's starts to show. They will have a good bonding experience with you, you can sort of coax them out of their shell with a little bit of playtime, with a little toy or some treats. You can put out a little trail of treats up towards you. Just encouraging them to be with you, without forcing them to do so. Which they can find a little too much and overwhelming.
RON: Again, there can be a process that doesn't happen over night, you need to have some patients and give it some time.
KATHERINE: Right, usually it takes a couple of weeks for cats to settle into there new home, and start to show their true personalities. Though, don't rush things. Know that it is a slow process, but it will pay off for you to take, give the cat time to settle in properly.
RON: All right, thank you Dr. Miller. I'm Ron Corning for howdini.com.
Dr. Katherine Miller Certified Applied Animal Behaviorist Dr. Katherine Miller is a Certified Applied Animal Behaviorist and Certified Professional Dog Trainer with the ASPCA's ® (The American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals®) National Programs Office. more about this expert »


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Mental Health
Have Mental Health Questions? Ask a Psychiatrist Online
Seeking expert counseling is a sign of strength. A personal relationship with a caring professional is proven clinically effective.
Dear friend,
I believe that I can help.
Did the new doctor determine why your wife was having this pain?
Can you see my question?
Cymbalta (duloxetine) is approved in the US to treat diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain and major depression. Is this the cause of her pain?
It is usually not advisable to take both of these antidepressants together.
Let me copy a portion of an article from www.drugs.com.
Applies to: XXXXX XXXXX
Talk to your doctor before using FLUoxetine together with DULoxetine. Combining these medications can increase the risk of a rare but serious condition called the serotonin syndrome, which may include symptoms such as confusion, hallucination, seizure, extreme changes in blood pressure, increased heart rate, fever, excessive sweating, shivering or shaking, blurred vision, muscle spasm or stiffness, tremor, incoordination, stomach cramp, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. You should contact your doctor immediately if you experience these symptoms while taking the medications. It is important to tell your doctor about all other medications you use, including vitamins and herbs. Do not stop using any medications without first talking to your doctor.
Applies to: duloxetine
DULoxetine may cause liver damage, and taking it with alcohol may increase that risk. You should avoid or limit the use of alcohol while being treated with DULoxetine. Call your doctor immediately if you have fever, chills, joint pain or swelling, excessive tiredness or weakness, unusual bleeding or bruising, skin rash or itching, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, dark colored urine, or yellowing of the skin or the whites of your eyes, as these may be symptoms of liver damage. It is important to tell your doctor about all other medications you use, including vitamins and herbs. Do not stop using any medications without first talking to your doctor.
The classifications below are a guideline only. The relevance of a particular drug interaction to a specific patient is difficult to determine using this tool alone given the large number of variables that may apply.
Do not stop taking any medications without consulting your healthcare provider.
You can find this on the link below:
If the Cymbalta is not addressing the depression then perhaps she should stick with the fluoxetine (Prozac) and further investigate the cause of her pain. Rather than just mask the symptoms it makes more sense to find out the cause and deal whatever is behind it.
The patent has not yet run out on Cymbalta. Duloxetine is probably not available anywhere. Be careful of scams for this one.
There are some places where you could help on this prescription, but it has side effects and is very difficult to get weaned off of as well.
When using psychotropic drugs it is always safest and wisest to do so under the guidance of the foremost expert in that area - a psychiatrist.
Here are some links for getting a break or possible limited free supply (or reduced cost) of Cymbalta:
If her income is under $42k, then try this assistance program: www.myrxadvocate.com
She may also be eligible for 12 month free supply from the manufacturer, Lily: www.Lillytruassist.com
I know that this was a lot of information but hopefully will help you.
I wish her the best of health and relief and will keep you family in my prayers.
Warm regards,
Elliott, MAE, LPCC, NCC, CCMHC

subset: commoncrawl


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Pork producer margins declined $4.37 per head, with margins now a positive $25.48 per hog marketed, according to the Sterling Pork Profit Tracker. Negotiated cash hog prices declined $2.08 per hundredweight last week to $99.30. Pork packer margins improved $1.30 per head for the week, finishing near breakeven, according to estimates developed by Sterling Marketing, Inc., Vale, Ore.
Cattle feeders are likely running low on red ink to print closeouts, but average industry losses may soon be over, if recent trends are any indication.
Last week cattle feeders lost an average of $41 on every animal marketed, which was nearly $43 per head better than the previous week, and $83 per head better than a month ago, according to the Sterling Beef Profit Tracker. Margins have shown improvement with decreasing feeding costs and increases in sales prices.
Packer margins improved last week, gaining $7 per head to average $14 profits on every animal processed, according to estimates by Sterling Marketing.
A year ago cattle feeders sold cash cattle at $120 per hundredweight, resulting in losses of $198 per head. Last year cash hogs fetched $88.80 per hundredweight, resulting in profits of $15 per head.
The Sterling Beef and Pork Profit Trackers are calculated using actual weekly prices for both cattle and hogs, feed costs, beef and pork cutout prices, drop credits and other factors that influence profit margins.
The Sterling Pork Profit Tracker for the week ending August 16:
- Average farrow-to-finish margins: $25.48 per head.
- Average pork packer margins: $1.34 per head.
The Sterling Beef Profit Tracker for the week ending August 17:
- Average feedyard margins: -$41.58 per head.
- Average packer margins: $14.86 per head.
The Sterling Beef and Pork Profit Trackers are produced by Sterling Marketing Inc. and John Nalivka, president, Vale, Ore., and are published weekly by Drovers/CattleNetwork, and PorkNetwork.


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Question of the day: what does the term "dieting" conjure up for you? Anecdotes, laughs, regrets, frustration, anxiety? I bet there's quite a collection of stories to be told. When I think of diets, I think it's common to think deprivation – of calories, of real food, of satisfaction, of enjoyment, of peace of mind. And that's how it generally goes in our culture, isn't it? We diet, we end the diet, we go back on the diet because either it didn't work the first time or it did but then we fell right back down the same hole again [1]. So, we keep playing the same game of deprivation, white-knuckling it until we get to that glorious sham of an "endpoint," what I would call the "and they lived happily ever after"
conclusion delusion. From a maybe more humorous angle, I think of deprivation dieting as an extended version of the mental game, "don't think of a elephant." Gee, what's the first and most predominant thing you're going to think of? How much determination and energy is it going to take to not think of the elephant 40 times per day? How about just forgoing the game altogether? Just eat the elephant already.
On a more serious note, I think of the way we work ourselves into a love-hate relationship with food (and sometimes ourselves). We tell ourselves erroneously that food makes us fat, but the pull toward it has never been stronger and more loaded with psychological baggage. Food shouldn't be the reason for our existence, but it should never be the enemy. From an ancestral point of view, the whole framework is insane. Dieting in the modern sense distorts our relationship with food as basic sustenance.
Incidentally, research shows it can also distort our physiology. A team at the University of Pennsylvania found [2] that a restrictive short-term diet not only had higher levels of the stress hormone corticosterone but also showed lasting epigenetic changes in genes influential to stress regulation.
Likewise, dieting even changes our brain activity. A study at the Oregon Research Institute demonstrated [3] that caloric deprivation increases the "reward value" of food as determined by activity in relevant regions of subjects' brains in the presence of food images and the presentation of food itself.
On this note, I caught an intriguing article in The New York Times [4] a few weeks ago. It offered the provocative premise (research based) that dieting makes us "dumber." The article cites studies demonstrating the "mental strain" deprivation puts on our brains and the likelihood of failure we face as a result. Of most interesting note is the research on mental "bandwidth." Dieters apparently do worse than non-dieters on all manner of basic cognitive tests – everything from spatial reasoning to information retention. Does this really surprise anyone?
The reasons behind this cognitive strain are multifold. Dieters are distracted – by the endless calculations, the various and sundry trade-offs, the obsessive regrets and gymnastic style justifications they contort their minds into throughout a day. It's frankly exhausting just to read about. The author also connects the strain, however, to a larger "scarcity" force in our biology and brain activity. According to research, when we're preoccupied with not having enough, we literally lose IQ points. From an evolutionary standpoint, that also isn't surprising.
When we diet, we deliberately choose scarcity. Why? In the end, deprivation is a self-defeating behavior. It will always be self-defeating behavior. Sure, there may be that temporary grit-your-teeth triumph many of us have experienced in the pre-Primal pasts. The fact is, you can scramble, deprive and exhaust your way to a target weight, but chances are you'll just roll right down the other side of that mountain once you're there. The better choice is always investment as opposed to deprivation. A better, healthier lifestyle calls you to invest in yourself. It's not a mental game of mathematical twister or complicated rule book. It's a lifestyle you create over time.
Related to this concept, as the Times article explains, is other research that suggests [5] the perceived complexity of one's weight management approach determines the ability to adhere to the plan over time. The more rules and more complex those rules were, the less likely participants were to adhere to the eating program. In short, "cognitively challenging" doesn't work when it comes to diet.
Ring true? I've heard from many people that one of the things they love most about The Primal Blueprint [6] is its simplicity. No fuss, no frustration. The Blueprint [7] is intended to be a straightforward map to healthy, ancestrally sensical eating and living. While we can get as elaborate and impressive as we want in terms of recipes, the nuts and bolts are clear. Plain sailing.
With time and experience, the Blueprint takes on richer nuance, variety and personalization, but that investment yields long-term, consistent benefit in ways a quick-fix will never even approach. In "dieting" you count down the days. In a lifestyle shift, you commit to a learning curve.
The fact is, the trajectory of genuine dietary and lifestyle change is gradual, but it definitely doesn't have to be slow. Anyone who's done the 21-Day Transformation Challenge [8] knows you can make substantive change in a short amount of time and experience substantial results. The difference is, you gradually make it your own. When you do a short-term diet, it tends to revolve around restriction and regimen. Choosing a healthy lifestyle, on the other hand, revolves around adaptation and experimentation. You accept the new approach into your life. You allow the philosophy to become a long-term part of your socialization [9], your holiday routines [10], your time management [11], your family life [12], your private recreation [13], your shopping sources [14], your kitchen library [15], your life's enjoyment. A good diet should ultimately be about living the good life. It's a countercultural kind of message, however. The results, I think, are the difference between deprivation dieting and good Primal living.
Thanks for reading today, everyone. What's your take on dieting? Does the research ring true to you? What's been the difference between past dieting and Primal living?


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Red-Velvet Cake Balls with White Chocolate
Dipped in white chocolate, these red-velvet cake balls are perfect for turning into eyeballs on Halloween. With a steady hand and food coloring, David Burtka paints detailed irises and pupils on each one; for the less artistically inclined, an M&M pressed into the white chocolate before it sets makes for a quick-and-easy creepy alternative.
- Active:
- Total Time:
- Servings: Makes 40 cake balls
- 4 tablespoons unsalted butter, melted, plus more for the pan
- 1 1/4 cups all-purpose flour, plus more for the pan
- 3/4 cup granulated sugar
- 1 tablespoon unsweetened cocoa powder
- 1/2 teaspoon baking soda
- 1/4 teaspoon salt
- 1 large egg
- 1/4 cup vegetable oil
- 1/2 teaspoon cider vinegar
- 1/4 cup buttermilk
- 1/4 cup sour cream
- 1/2 teaspoon pure vanilla extract
- 1 tablespoon liquid red food coloring
- 4 1/2 tablespoons unsalted butter, softened
- 1 1/2 cups confectioners' sugar
- 2 teaspoons milk
- 3/4 teaspoon pure vanilla extract
- 9 ounces white chocolate
- Assorted liquid food coloring or M&M's, for decorating
How to make this recipe
Make the Cake
Preheat the oven to 350° and butter and flour a 9-inch round cake pan. In a bowl, whisk the 1 1/4 cups of flour with the granulated sugar, cocoa powder, baking soda and salt. In another bowl, whisk the egg with the 4 tablespoons of melted butter and the oil, vinegar, buttermilk, sour cream, vanilla and red food coloring. Stir the wet ingredients into the dry ingredients until moistened.
Make the Cake
Scrape the batter into the prepared cake pan and bake in the center of the oven for about 35 minutes, until a toothpick inserted in the center of the cake comes out clean. Let the cake cool in the pan for 10 minutes, then invert onto a rack and let cool completely.
make the binding and coating
Line a baking sheet with wax paper. In a bowl, using a handheld electric mixer, beat the butter with the confectioners' sugar, milk and vanilla until smooth. Finely crumble the cooled cake into the bowl and stir until combined.
make the binding and coating
Using your hands, briefly knead the mixture. Using a 1-tablespoon ice cream scoop, scoop 40 mounds onto the prepared baking sheet. Using your hands, press and roll the mounds into tight balls. Refrigerate until firm.
make the binding and coating
In a large microwave-safe bowl, heat the white chocolate at high power in 30-second intervals until nearly melted; stir until smooth. Line another baking sheet with wax paper. Dip the cake balls into the melted white chocolate, allowing the excess to drip back into the bowl and transfer to the prepared baking sheet. Let cool until the coating has set. Using a clean, fine-tipped paintbrush, decorate the balls with food coloring to look like eyeballs, or press an M&M onto each cake ball before the coating has set. Serve.
Make Ahead
The finished cake balls can be refrigerated in an airtight container for up to 3 days.


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Look, our culture is changing, and for the better. We're becoming more open minded and less concerned with dogma. One indicator is this clip. When the host of Family Feud asked this question, he did not expect the answer that this guy gave him. What's even better is what comes after that. You simply have to watch this video …
MUST SEE: Pot Beats Prayer On Family Feud! (VIDEO)
Current Status: Published (4)
Seeded on Tue Dec 11, 2012 3:21 AM
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National Football Post draft analyst Wes Bunting answered your questions about the prospects for next week's NFL draft.
Oklahoma State wide receiver Justin Blackmon has made visits to seven teams that have a pick in the top 10, but he remains one of the most hotly-debated players on the board. Wes has spent months watching film on hundreds of players, so check out his latest mock draft to see where he thinks Blackmon will land and find out which potential draftees have the skill set to help your favorite team.
Read the transcript in the CoverItLive box below.
Nate Davis is a reporter, blogger and editor who's been at USA TODAY since 2000. He has covered the NFL since 2005. No, he did not play quarterback for Ball State. Davis' succession of our esteemed colleague Sean Leahy at The Huddle is considered a Brady-for-Bledsoe swap by most "insiders."More about Nate


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In art class, your instructors will aim to assist people of all ages to pursue their passion for art. In doing so, they have found a new way to express themselves through this median. Throughout the school year, advanced students will tackle subjects such as color theory, figure drawings, and different styles of prints. You will also learn about other art forms in different cultures, like how to increase your skill by using direct observation, and the lives and pieces of other successful artists. But for those who have just decided to pursue art and are relatively new to this field, you will learn the basics on how to draw, paint, and the foundation and rules of art. And most importantly you will have fun while learning these lessons. Your instructors will guide you and help strengthen your skills.
See artworks of Sabrina and Sophie Chen
Download the art supplies list
Instruction to the basic classical movements of Chinese folk dance; preparation of stage show for cultural events.
Instruction in the advanced classical movements of Chinese folk dance; preparation of stage show for cultural events.
Beginner Chess provides new or beginning students of chess a strong foundation in the rules and strategies needed to play the game of chess. The course is designed for students with little to no chess experience.
Intermediate/advanced Chess is great for kids who have some to complete understanding of the rules of the game. Students will be taught more advanced moves and combinations as well as the principles of tactics and strategy. Students learn some of the finer points of chess and begin to prepare for tournament play. Students will be instructed in advanced chess strategy and planning. They will also study the "immortal" games of world champions, as well as games of today's strongest grandmasters.
Instruction in the basic skills in playing DI ZI; preparation of stage show for cultural events.
The class opens to students all ages. In our Tai Chi Class you will learn traditional Chen Style Taijiquan as taught in China. You will learn about self defense, self discipline, meditation, relaxation, martial arts, qin na, health, traditional forms, short forms as well as proper technique. Please refer to Chen Style Taichi brochure for more class information and instructor's information.
The class is open to students of all ages. Chinese martial arts is one of the many traditions in the Chinese culture. It is not just a physical sport; it improves your physical strength and mental focus, promotes an active lifestyle, cultivates noble qualities and increases your sense of nature.
Designed especially for preparing students for the new HSK test. (Ages 15+ and up reccomended) The new HSK test was launched by Hanban (Confucius Institute headquarter) in an effort to better serve Chinese language learners. The test is the result of coordinated efforts by the experts from different disciplines including Chinese language teaching, linguistics, psychology and educational measurement. The new exam combines the advantages of the original HSK while taking into consideration the recent trends in Chinese language training by conducting surveys and making use of the latest findings in international language testing. For more information, please visit http://www.chinesetest.cn/index.do
Introduction to beginning level Mandarin Chinese and to Chinese history and culture. Students will be introduced to basic skills in speaking, listening, reading, and writing in Mandarin Chinese.
Intermediate level instruction in Mandarin Chinese speaking, listening, reading, and writing; introduction to composition and reading of simple email messages to more advanced c ommunications in Chinese.
Intermediate level instruction in Mandarin Chinese speaking, listening, reading, and writing; introduction to composition and reading of simple email messages to more advanced c ommunications in Chinese.
My First Chinese Words series is for preschool learners with no prior exposure to Chinese. This set of 36 size-appropriate storybooks is designed with the idea that young children learn best when the information given is relevant to their everyday lives, which makes learning fun and exciting. The stories contain meaningful sentence structures, teaching students to communicate in full sentences as opposed to have them memorize individual characters. The series also use overlapping content and a predictable narrative structure to provide a springboard for creative role-playing and acting. This gives children the opportunity to quickly apply what they learn in real-life situations as well as start communicating in Chinese right away.
Introduction to beginning level Mandarin Chinese and to age appropriate Chinese history and culture. Students will be introduced to basic skills in speaking, listening, reading, and writing in Mandarin Chinese.
Intermediate level instruction in Mandarin Chinese speaking, listening, reading, and writing; introduction to composition and reading of simple written messages in Chinese.
Features a spiral‐up lesson structure that builds upon and applies previous material so children can learn Chinese naturally‐‐the way they would in a native environment. Vividly illustrates a comprehensive selection of sentence patterns, easy‐to‐read Chinese characters, Pinyin, colorful pictures, and introduces young readers to basic Chinese sentences in a daily living environment. Each lesson features sections on vocabulary, exercises, character practice, and a reading challenge, along with English translations for each vocabulary word and sentence.
Feature a spiral-up lesson structure that builds upon and applies previous material, so children can learn Chinese naturally--the way they would in a native environment. This class covers sports meets, seeing a doctor, the seasons, Chinese festivals, the Chinese zodiac, my community and more.
Designed especially for middle school and high school students who completed Better Chinese Elementary IV. The content is natural and interesting and arranged in accordance with the rules of learning a second language. To cope with the general needs of conducting daily communication, the sentence patterns and grammar are presented to students in an order that emphasizes functional usage and the language materials are arranged with situational topics.
Ma Li Ping, Preschool
Ma Li Ping, Book 1
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Carolina League notebook
Pelicans' Teheran keeps hitters guessing with power, control
By Pete Kerzel / Special to MLB.com | June 9, 2010 6:00 AM ET
Manager Rocket Wheeler believes the beanpole right-hander with an effortless delivery hasn't yet reached his full potential -- a scary thought for those hitters currently swinging and missing, or just looking.
"He'll grow, get stronger, mature and learn more," said Wheeler when asked about Teheran's upside. "All he's going to do is learn and get better."
But Teheran, considered one of the top pitching prospects in the Atlanta Braves' farm system, is already pretty impressive. Since his promotion last month from Class A Rome, Teheran is 2-0 with a 1.04 ERA and 32 strikeouts in 26 innings for Myrtle Beach. Throw in his totals from Rome and Teheran is 4-2 with a 1.10 ERA and 77 K's in 65 1/3 frames. The strikeout total ranks him third in Minor League baseball.
"The 1-2-3 he has, he's able to command them, he's not afraid to throw them, and he's willing to use them anywhere in the count," said Pelicans pitching coach Kent Willis.
Teheran possesses a mid-90s fastball with movement and can consistently place the pitch where he wants, when he wants. Throw in a plus-changeup that drops into the low-80s and a power curve, and you've got the makings of a front-line starting pitcher.
Using teammate Angelo Paulino as a translator, Teheran explained that he enjoys the cat-and-mouse game of pitching -- trying to figure out and exploit a hitter's weakness, and keeping a batter guessing about what's coming.
"I try to work more intelligently," Teheran said. "I work on what I think the hitter's not thinking he's going to see. You see the weakness of the hitter and that's what you try to go for."
When he thinks his hard stuff will overmatch a hitter, Teheran is comfortable with his fastball. The changeup is effective when he has hitters looking for heat. And there are Major League hitters who have trouble hitting a good curve, much less Class A prospects.
"It's very [rare]. You don't find a 19-year-old kid with the composure that he has already," Wheeler said. "All he needs is experience and innings. And, of course, we've got to see how he does when he gets in a jam."
So far, Teheran has faced little adversity. Nor is he distracted by an interest in radar gun readings. The 6-foot-2, 150-pound frame still has to fill out, though the whippy arm and gregarious smile bring to mind a young Pedro Martinez. But the eight-team Carolina League, where pitchers sometimes face the same team in successive starts, will offer a litmus test for the pitcher's abilities.
"We're developing the kid, but at the same time we're not taking away his aggressiveness," Willis said. "We're letting him be who he is without taking away his style of pitching. He likes to be on the mound. He likes to compete."
Hissey's drought ends: In a 5-4 win over Myrtle Beach on June 6, Salem OF Peter Hissey finally notched the first home run of his professional career, a third-inning solo shot that came in his 639th Minor League at-bat. Hissey was then the victim of one of baseball's longstanding ribs. After circling the bases, he was briefly ignored by his teammates before being mobbed in the dugout.
Back to their roots: Washington Nationals C Ivan Rodriguez helped draw a crowd of 4,110 to Pfitzner Stadium for his one-game rehab assignment with the Potomac Nationals on June 7. Rodriguez, on the 15-day disabled list with lower back tightness, went 0-for-3. On the upside, the veteran backstop was expected to catch the Major League debut of the Nationals' top pitching prospect, Stephen Strasburg, in Washington, DC, on June 8. ... Veteran RHP Scott Proctor has been assigned to Myrtle Beach to continue his recovery from 2009 Tommy John surgery. Because he is not on the Atlanta Braves' 40-man roster, the 33-year-old Proctor is not considered to be on a rehabilitation assignment and counts against the Pelicans' 25-man roster.
Target practice?: Winston-Salem 1B Seth Loman was hit by a pitch for the 20th time this season on June 6 in a game against Kinston. Four more plunkings and Loman will tie the Carolina League's single-season mark for being hit by a pitch. That dubious honor is held by Rusty Crockett, who was struck 24 times while with the Winston-Salem Spirit in 1989. Loman is on pace for 49.
Pete Kerzel is a contributor to MLB.com. This story was not subject to the approval of the National Association of Professional Baseball Leagues or its clubs.View More


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This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).
Non Celiac Gluten sensitivity (NCGS) was originally described in the 1980s and recently a "re-discovered" disorder characterized by intestinal and extra-intestinal symptoms related to the ingestion of gluten-containing food, in subjects that are not affected with either celiac disease (CD) or wheat allergy (WA). Although NCGS frequency is still unclear, epidemiological data have been generated that can help establishing the magnitude of the problem. Clinical studies further defined the identity of NCGS and its implications in human disease. An overlap between the irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and NCGS has been detected, requiring even more stringent diagnostic criteria. Several studies suggested a relationship between NCGS and neuropsychiatric disorders, particularly autism and schizophrenia. The first case reports of NCGS in children have been described. Lack of biomarkers is still a major limitation of clinical studies, making it difficult to differentiate NCGS from other gluten related disorders. Recent studies raised the possibility that, beside gluten, wheat amylase-trypsin inhibitors and low-fermentable, poorly-absorbed, short-chain carbohydrates can contribute to symptoms (at least those related to IBS) experienced by NCGS patients. In this paper we report the major advances and current trends on NCGS.
Gluten sensitivity (GS) was originally described in the 1980s [
After the 2011 London Meeting, many new papers have been published on GS. Although its frequency in the general population is still unclear, epidemiological data have been generated that can help establish the magnitude of the problem. Clinical studies further defined the identity of GS and its possible implications in human disease. An overlap between the irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and GS has been suspected, requiring even more stringent diagnostic criteria. The first case reports of GS in children have been described. Lack of biomarkers is still a major limitation of clinical studies, making the differential diagnosis with other gluten related disorders, as well conditions independent to gluten exposure, difficult.
Evaluation and discussion of this new information was the aim of a Second Expert Meeting on GS that was held in Munich, November 30–December 2, 2012. In this paper we report the major advances and current trends on GS, as presented and debated at the Munich meeting.
At least three papers have recently addressed the issue of defining gluten-related disorders [
GS, which this review will focus on primarily, is a condition in which symptoms are triggered by gluten ingestion, in the absence of celiac-specific antibodies and of classical celiac villous atrophy, with variable Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) status and variable presence of first generation anti-gliadin antibodies (AGA). The "labeling" of this disorder was a matter of debate among the panel experts. In order to avoid confusion with CD, sometimes defined as gluten-sensitive enteropathy, "non celiac gluten sensitivity" (NCGS) appeared as an improved definition. Doubtless this is still too vague a terminology, simply reflecting the poor knowledge of the pathophysiology of this condition. As triggering cereal proteins could include fractions other than gluten (see
The overall prevalence of NCGS in the general population is still unknown, mainly because many patients are currently self-diagnosed and start a GFD without medical advice or consultation. However, new data confirm that this is not an uncommon disorder at all. In a region of New Zealand, 5% of children reported non-CD-related avoidance of gluten-containing food [
The analysis of the epidemiology of IBS provides an indirect estimate of intestinal NCGS frequency. According to recent population-based surveys performed in Northern Europe, the prevalence of IBS in the general adult population is 16%–25% [
Although risk factors for NCGS have not yet been identified, the disorder seems to be more common in females and in young/middle age adults. The prevalence of NCGS in children is still unknown.
NCGS is characterized by symptoms that usually occur soon after gluten ingestion, disappear with gluten withdrawal and relapse following gluten challenge, within hours or few days. The "classical" presentation of NCGS is a combination of IBS-like symptoms, including abdominal pain, bloating, bowel habit abnormalities (either diarrhea or constipation), and systemic manifestations such as "foggy mind", headache, fatigue, joint and muscle pain, leg or arm numbness, dermatitis (eczema or skin rash), depression, and anemia [
During the last decade, several studies suggested a relationship between NCGS and neuropsychiatric disorders (see following paragraphs).
While it is undisputable that in some cases the positive effect of gluten withdrawal can be explained by a placebo effect, this is not the case in true NCGS. In a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled study design, Biesiekierski
No major complication of untreated NCGS has so far been described; especially autoimmune comorbidity, as observed in CD, has not been reported so far. However, natural history data on NCGS are still lacking. Therefore it is difficult to draw firm conclusions on the outcome of this condition.
The complex relationship between IBS and dietary proteins has been recently reviewed [
That gluten ingestion may elicit gastrointestinal symptoms in non-CD patients has recently been shown in subjects affected with the D variant (diarrhea-predominant) of IBS, by Vazquez-Roque and coworkers. Subjects on a gluten containing diet (GCD) had more bowel movements per day, particularly those with HLA-DQ2 and/or DQ8 genotypes. The GCD was associated with higher small bowel permeability. Patients on the GCD had a small decrease in expression of zonula occludens 1 in small bowel mucosa, and significant decreases in expression of zonula occludens 1, claudin-1, and occludin in rectosigmoid mucosa; again the effects of the GCD on expression were significantly greater in HLA-DQ2/8–positive patients. On the other hand, the GCD
How specific the effect of gluten withdrawal from the diet of patients with IBS is, still remains to be elucidated. Besides gluten, wheat, and wheat derivatives contain other constituents that could play a role in triggering symptoms in IBS patients, e.g., amylase-trypsin inhibitors (ATIs, see below) and fructans. In a second study, Biesiekirski
Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) are chronic behavioral conditions, with onset before three years of age. ASD are one of the fastest growing developmental disabilities in the United States. They present with a wide range of stereotyped, repetitive behaviors, social and language impairment. Function and outcome is affected not only by core deficits but also by associated behaviors such as hyperactivity, aggression, anxiety, and depression. Many studies have indicated that behavioral therapy and medication may be at least partially helpful in the management of children with ASD. Research on the effect of diet and nutrition on autism has been increasing in the past two decades, particularly on the symptoms of hyperactivity and attention. One of the most popular interventions for ASD is the gluten free casein free (GFCF) diet.
The possible effect of the GFCF in children with autism is not due to underlying CD, since an association between these two conditions has never been clearly confirmed by serological screening studies [
Despite its popularity, the efficacy of the GFCF diet in improving autistic behavior remains not conclusively proven. A 2008 Cochrane review reported that only two small RCTs investigated the effect of GFCF diet in children with ASD (
By using a two-stage, randomized, controlled study of GFCF diet of children with ASD, Whiteley and coworkers recently reported significant group improvements in core autistic and related behaviors after eight and 12 months on diet. The results showed a less dramatic change between children having been on diet for eight and children in diet for 24 months, possibly reflective of a plateau effect [
The above data suggest that removing gluten from the diet may positively affect the clinical outcome in some children diagnosed with ASD, indicating that autism may be part of the spectrum of NCGS, at least in some cases. However, a word of caution is necessary to stress the fact that only a small, selected sub-group of children affected by ASD may benefit from an elimination diet. Additional investigations are required in order to identify phenotypes based on best- and non-response to dietary modifications and assess any biological correlates including anthropometry before considering a dietary intervention.
An association between schizophrenia and CD was noted in reports spanning back to the 1960s [
In summary, the role of NCGS in conditions affecting the nervous system remains a highly debated and controversial topic that requires additional, well-designed studies to establish the real role of gluten as a triggering factor in these diseases.
So far no specific biomarker of NCGS has been identified. Recently, Volta and colleagues reported on the pattern of CD serology found in 78 untreated patients affected with NCGS. Many patients displayed an elevated prevalence of high titer, "first-generation" IgG AGA directed against native gliadin (56.4%). The prevalence of IgG AGA detected in NCGS, although lower than that found in CD (81.2%), was much higher than other pathologic conditions such as connective tissue disorders (9%) and autoimmune liver diseases (21.5%) as well as in the general population and healthy blood donors (2%–8%). On the other hand, the prevalence of IgA AGA in NCGS patients was very low (7.7%). Noteworthy, the "best" CD markers, namely IgG deamidated gliadin peptide (DGP) antibodies, IgA tTGA, and IgA EMA, were always negative in NCGS patients, except for an isolated positivity at a very low titer for IgG DGP. The consistent negativity for IgG DGP, whose synthesis "
The CD-predisposing HLA-DQ2 and DQ8 genotypes are found in 50% of NCGS patients, a prevalence that is lower than CD (95%) and only slightly higher than the general population (30%) [
In the work of Sapone and coworkers all subjects (11 patients with NCGS, 13 with CD, and seven controls), underwent upper duodenal endoscopy for small intestinal biopsy. Those with NCGS revealed normal to mildly inflamed mucosa (Marsh 0 to 1), while all CD patients showed partial or subtotal villous atrophy with crypt hyperplasia. As expected, CD patients had increased numbers of CD3+ IELs (>50/100 enterocytes) compared to controls, while NCGS patients had a number of CD3+ IELs intermediate between CD patients and controls in the context of relatively conserved villus architecture. The numbers of TCR-γδ IELs were only elevated in CD subjects (>3.4/100 enterocytes), while in NCGS patients the numbers of γδ IELs were similar to those in controls [
NCGS diagnosis is sometimes suspected by the patients themselves based on food withdrawal and introduction. Physicians may then concur if there has been the exclusion of other forms of gluten-induced disease (CD and WA) by appropriate serological and/or biopsy tests. Specific IgE might normalize if the patients are already on GFD and this might be a potential pitfall in diagnosis of WA The finding that symptoms disappear after gluten elimination adds weight to the diagnosis of NCGS, which is definitely proven by a double-blind (or open) oral gluten challenge performed after at least three weeks of GFD.
Based on a combination of clinical, biological, genetic and histological data, it is possible to differentiate the three gluten-related conditions (WA, CD, and NCGS), using recently published algorithms [
The pathophysiology of NCGS is under scrutiny. In the study conducted by Sapone
The trigger/s of mucosal events leading to NCGS is not necessarily represented by the same array of gluten peptides responsible for CD development. Unlike the duodenal mucosa from patients with CD, upon incubation with gliadin, mucosa from patients with NCGS does not express markers of inflammation, and their basophils are not activated by gliadin [
The vast majority of celiac experts initially reacted with a great deal of skepticism to the concept of NCGS existence and the fact that it was a separate entity from CD. For those that witnessed the initial struggle of convincing health care professionals that CD was not confined within European boundaries this was a
Trends in publication on celiac disease (CD) and non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS) during the last decades.
|NCGS/CD ratio
Given the limited literature on the topic, it should not come as a surprise that there are still numerous questions about NCGS that should be addressed. Is NCGS permanent or transitory? Is the threshold of sensitivity the same for everybody, or change from subject to subject and in the same subject over time? How frequent is NCGS? The range reported in the literature is between 0.5% and 6%, based on poorly conducted studies and on definitions of the disease that varies widely from one report to another. Only recently, well-conducted studies based on double blind, placebo control design are providing evidence-based data on the prevalence of NCGS in specific clinical conditions, particularly IBS [
We wish to express our gratitude to Jacqueline Pante (Schär, Merano, Italy) and Andrea Comaschi (Weber Shandwick, Milan, Italy) for logistic support in the organization of the Munich Meeting.
Carlo Catassi received consulting fees from Schär and Menarini Diagnostics. Luca Elli and Anna Sapone received consulting fees from Schär. Peter Green is a member of the scientific advisory board of Alvine Pharmaceuticals and Alba Therapeutics. Alessio Fasano owns stock in Alba Therapeutics. The other authors declared no conflict of interest.


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Genre: Supernatural Horror
review in one breath
Within days after the mysterious new student Kawagami Tomie joins a high school classroom, all hell literally breaks loose. Simple in-fighting between boys and girls over Tomie's oppressive shadow soon gives way to mind-breaking violence culminating in a grizzly dissection which ultimately leads to suicide, insanity and even more violence. Six years after his original 1999 Tomie, director Oikawa Ataru returns to explore Tomie's "beginnings".
The Tomie Films
Tomie (1999)
Tomie: Another Face (1999)
Tomie: Replay (2000)
Tomie: Rebirth (2001)
Tomie: Final Chapter (2002)
Tomie: Beginning (2005)
Tomie: Revenge (2005)
Just when you thought it was safe to date girls named Tomie!
Three years following the fifth and (ahem) "Final Chapter" of the Tomie saga, the director of the 1999 original Tomie, Oikawa Ataru has reemerged with Tomie: Beginning in which, according to the trailers, "the nightmare starts here". Those having seen the prior five Tomie films generally agree that Oikawa's 1999 original was not the best of the collection, but he did have the benefit of working directly with author Ito Junji (who actually makes an appearance in the film) on the casting and direction.
In Beginning, Oikawa makes another rather valiant attempt to depict the horrendous Tomie character of Ito's manga. In so doing, he adds a few effective pieces to the cumulative picture of Tomie thus far drawn in the five prior films. For example, relative to the prior films, Beginning:
- is told exclusively from a female perspective (though Final Chapter also took a similar tact)
- effectively depicts, perhaps more than any of the other films, the oppressive shadow Tomie gleefully wields over (a classroom of) both males and females
- uniquely explores the therapeutic value for those once mesmerized by Tomie of tearing her limb from limb and intimately fondling her internal organs (only to crescendo into insanity when she says HI to the group the next day...)
- theorizes as to how Tomie does what she does (and suggests that male obsession significantly contributes to this)
- and may possibly (?) suggest the origin of the one-eyed, mysterious Tomie-antagonist appearing in Tomie: Another Face
The list above constitutes the real contribution Beginning makes to the Tomie legacy. And these likewise constitute very good reasons for Tomie fans to see this film. But in the end and try as he might, Oikawa is still unable to qualitatively distinguish himself from the pack of directors attempting Tomie.
This story unfolds through the eyes and narration of Matsubara Reiko, a recent graduate of a high school class which had the utter misfortune of welcoming a new student, Kawagami Tomie. When Reiko and her classmate Yamamoto meet up in their former homeroom, the entire school is in shambles. The teacher is rumored to be in a psychiatric ward and several of their fellow students committed suicide or were met with grisly demises. (Yamamoto himself seems to have misplaced an eyeball!) Sitting in the litter-strewn classroom, they recount the immediate and overwhelmingly destructive presence Tomie manifested, resulting in their current dazed state of affairs.
The story which ensues will be familiar to Tomie fans. Male friends fight each other over the attention of the pheromone goddess Tomie and females come out with claws exposed once their boyfriends start drooling over her. But then perhaps uniquely, Tomie: Beginning explores how Tomie aggressively uses male obsession to exact revenge upon her female enemies, thereby tightly holding the entire group under her (VERY) oppressive demonic shadow. With all males in the vicinity acting as her minions and all females sitting paralyzed in fear and misery, Tomie laughingly doles out cockroach tea and maggot cookies (yum!) to her helpless victims.
And then, as we all know from experience, those under her shadow eventually rebel in rage-induced murderous ways, cackling with faces splattered in her blood. And as we also know, she soon reappears, driving even deeper into madness those she had driven to murder.
In Beginning Oikawa significantly increases the gore factor from his 1999 version and here includes plenty of knife/sword violence upon Tomie, followed by much spraying blood, loss of limbs (and ear), and a ritual dissection performed amidst giggles by the homeroom class and teacher culminating in a loud crack as they snap Tomie's head clean off by brute force. (???) In addition to this gore, he also tries hard to demonstrate those monstrous transformations which truly characterize Tomie, suggesting here for example that even the blood of Tomie eventually attains self-consciousness.
But the visual emphasis spent on the "gore" factor greatly outweighs the sophistication of the "transformation" factor and I have a feeling that most viewers will (or should I simply here say "I did") walk away with the sense they watched a (wannabe) schlock-gore film revolving around the Tomie character. In other words, much more time is spent on the cruel demise of Tomie than is on her monstrous ability to rejuvenate from even the most traumatic states. Instead, following a very graphically depicted death or mutilation, Tomie quite suddenly appears whole again.
Now, please keep in mind the list of positives I provided above in order to balance this critique. This film is indeed far from a failure. But within the spectrum of the prior five films, most reviewers I have read (including myself) sought and valued a monstrous Tomie over a merely hacked-to-pieces or lingerie-adorable Tomie. (As I have said elsewhere) The Tomie persona is ultimately grounded in Ito Junji's vision of a narcissistic obakemono (monster!) which men are helplessly drawn towards. Thus the emphasis of a depiction of Tomie should be upon the monstrous rather than the fact that she can be killed. And indeed those of the five (now six-seven) films which attempted this emphasis generally drew the highest praise.
And so it is in this regard that I suggest that here Oikawa does not quite distinguish himself as the leader of the pack (of directors of Tomie films).
Admit it! If you've seen the other five Tomie films (or at least every one you could get your hands on) you'll need to see this one too. For those of you in this situation, Beginning has several notable strengths (corresponding to the list I outlined above) but will likely conclude in that same ambiguous sensation we experienced at the end of most Tomie films, a sensation which strongly suggests "I know there is more to Tomie than that".
But by now, you and I are quite accustomed to that sensation, and so its possibility should certainly NOT be a deterrent to watching this SIXTH installment of the Tomie collection.
One final comment on the notion that this film describes Tomie's "beginning". It does not. At least not in the sense you think it ought. You may recall (I certainly do) the rather deceptive manner in which Tomie: Forbidden Fruit was advertised, suggesting that "forbidden fruit" implied sensuality when in actuality it referenced the fact that a character ate a persimmon (the connection being, fruit lovers, that some circles believed persimmons to be the "forbidden fruit" of Genesis 1, blah blah blah). Well, that same anti-climax caused by the persimmon is coming your way if you think "beginning" means "THE" beginning. It doesn't. Instead, it means "A" beginning and refers back to my earlier statement that this film posits a (scientific) theory as to how Tomie rejuvenates. Thus, the beginning here refers solely to a thorough description of her rebirth (abilities) and has utterly nothing to do with the "past", especially not Tomie's supposed origins in Meiji or pre-Meiji eras. (That the trailers suggest otherwise by depicting a historical-looking, kimono-clad Tomie is, alas, persimonny deception.) I just thought you should know that.
Version reviewed: Unsubtitled VHS
|cultural interest
|The cultural value may be purely due to curiosity as to how director Oikawa will handle Tomie second-time around, 6 years following his original film.
|In addition to her classmates literally dissecting Tomie by hand in a rather horrific ritual, there is some graphic sword and knife violence, and plenty of spraying blood.
|Not even forbidden fruit! (get it?!) And no, seducing the teacher on top of the ping pong table doesn't count.
|More positives than negatives here for fans of Tomie. Good additional insights into the Tomie legacy, but this film does not break away from the pack.


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Welcome to Blazing Bundles
Based in Western Pennsylvania, we are a family owned business that strives for customer satisfaction. While providing a quality product our prices remain competitive. Unlike most of our competitors, our wood is USDA certified. We kiln dry and heat treat our firewood to insure no harmful insects like the Emerald ash borer, termites and ants, to name a few, are eliminated from the wood. Beware of firewood producers that say they meet the USDA regulations. They may not be USDA Approved with the USDA stamp and certification number.
Contact us 724-674-9731
Some of the products we offer:
USDA Certified Firewood
Kiln Dried Firewood
Bulk Firewood
Firewood Processing of Your Logs at Your Location
We are also a business member of the Pennsylvania Campground Association!


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EGRP News Flash - August 31, 2010
Request for Applications: Research on the Effects of the Social Environment on Health
The National Institutes of Health (NIH) Basic Behavioral and Social Science Opportunity Network (OppNet) is soliciting Research Project Grant (R01) applications from institutions/organizations that propose to investigate structural, behavioral, sociocultural, environmental, cognitive, emotional, and/or biological mechanisms through which the social environment affects health outcomes.
The social environment has long been recognized as a major influence on the health of individuals and populations. Recent methodological developments (e.g., multi-level modeling, geographic information systems, network analysis, and others) have spurred a considerable body of work on the effects of social context on individual health behavior and outcomes. The effects of social context have been found at multiple levels, ranging from interpersonal relationships, families, organizations, social networks, neighborhoods, and macro environments. However, research in this field has been hindered by several methodological constraints.
Thus, although much is known about the broad effects of social contexts on individual behavioral and health outcomes, there is a need for a more interdisciplinary and integrative approach to the conceptualization, operationalization, and analysis of social context, greater emphasis on linking macro-level aspects to intermediate pathways of the social environment that affect health, and use of measures, methods, and analytic techniques that can more specifically identify the features of the social environment that are important for health.
Examples of research questions that fall within the scope of this Request for Applications (RFA) include the following:
- How do social environments influence health across the lifecourse?
- How do social structures (e.g., public policies, neighborhood built environment, etc.) improve or protect health?
- What intermediate structural characteristics of macro-level social environments serve as conduits to effect health outcomes?
- To what extent do the characteristics of the social environment interact with biological/physiological pathways in women and men to influence health outcomes or health-related behaviors?
The following areas of research will NOT be considered responsive to this RFA:
- Formative or qualitative research only,
- Primary focus of prospective or descriptive epidemiology (e.g., investigations of the health risks of social environments without addressing mechanisms or methods),
- Interventional studies (e.g., Phase III clinical or community trials) involving the social environment and health,
- Translation II research (effectiveness trials or research on the dissemination of proven intervention strategies),
- Primary focus on research resource or infrastructure development, and
- Analyses of cross-sectional data sets that do not propose to distinguish causal effects of environment on health from selectivity due to homophily or migration.
The NIH will commit approximately $5 million to this initiative in 2011, allowing the support of 8-9 new R01 applications, for a total of approximately $24 million over the next 5 years. The opening date is December 6, 2010 and prospective applicants are asked to submit a Letter of Intent (LOI) on this date. The application due date is January 6, 2011.
Contact: Damali Martin, Ph.D., M.P.H., Program Director, Host Susceptibility Factors Branch.
- Access the NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts for details: RFA-DA-11-003 (R01)


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Jesse James is denying the existence of any sex tapes including ones with Sandra Bullock and/or his penis painted to look like a Nazi zeppelin:
"The claims of sex tapes are untrue and completely fabricated," says a rep for James in an exclusive statement to PEOPLE.
I don't even know why Jesse James even bothered to make this denial. Did he honestly think it would help his reputation at this point? Let's see, Jesse frequently cheated on Sandra Bullock either consensually with Nazi strippers or by sexually harassing his employees, BUT he never made a sex tape. Let's forgive him.


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7 Recommendations
heatherstephenson's recommendation
If we go to heaven, this chocolate will be there. And it's GOOD for you!
My Collections:
candyaddict's recommendation
Awesome chocolate. Full review here: http://tinyurl.com/e8pz4
choconancy's recommendation
Green and Black's chocolate spread is also quite nice. Not too sweet. You can even eat it on toast for breakfast.
My Collections:
seneca's recommendation
Great pregnancy fix for chocolate cravings and it's organic so it's guilt free.
adamvaughan's recommendation
Sure, it's an obvious choice, but there's good reason this spiced Fairtrade and organic dark chocolate is so popular: it's delicious. It was the first food product to get the Fairtrade Mark in the UK, way back in 1994. To my shame, I can quite easily binge on a 100g bar in one sitting.
My Collections:
Decent's recommendation
rich and dark, yum.
MimsiBags's recommendation
Deep, dark, rich chocolate... this is the good stuff!
My Collections:


text: Consistently, one of the more popular stocks people enter into their stock options watchlist at Stock Options Channel is Alcoa, Inc. ( AA). So this week we highlight one interesting put contract, and one interesting call contract, from the October expiration for AA. The put contract our YieldBoost algorithm identified as particularly interesting, is at the $10 strike, which has a bid at the time of this writing of 68 cents. Collecting that bid as the premium represents a 6.8% return against the $10 commitment, or a 9.7% annualized rate of return (at Stock Options Channel we call this the YieldBoost).


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Gmail is one of Google's most popular products and now it has hit a new milestone on the Android platform. According to Google Vice President Sundar Pichai on Google+, Gmail passed one billion downloads on May 15.
However, the Inquirer is cautioning folks not to get too excited about this.
According to The Inquirer:
This doesn't necessarily mean that Gmail for Android has one billion users, however. First off, the ticker on Gmail's Google Play page is a tally of total number of installs rather than the total number of devices that have the app installed.
Also, some reports note that the one billion figure includes inactive and duplicate accounts, and it's also worth noting that a Gmail app comes preloaded on most Android devices.More at The Inquirer
I can understand the Inquirer wanting to clarify that one billion downloads does not mean one billion users, but this is still a rather impressive achievement for Google. And given Gmail's popularity, I have no doubt it will hit one billion users for real at some point.
Linux Mint 17 release candidate review
ZDNet has a review of the Linux Mint 17 release candidate that became available last week, and their assessment seems quite positive.
According to ZDNet:
The Release Candidate for Linux Mint 17 (Qiana) was released a few days ago. A lot of people have been looking forward to this release, and I am one of them. So I have downloaded both the Cinnamon and MATE versions, and installed them on several of my laptops and netbooks. As is pretty much always the case with Mint, everything went very smoothly, and it all appears to work very well.More at ZDNet


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This article is an open-access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).
Probiotics are live organisms that are primarily used to improve gastrointestinal disorders such as diarrhea, irritable bowel syndrome, constipation, lactose intolerance, and to inhibit the excessive proliferation of pathogenic intestinal bacteria. However, recent studies have suggested that probiotics could have beneficial effects beyond gastrointestinal health, as they were found to improve certain metabolic disorders such as hypertension. Hypertension is caused by various factors and the predominant causes include an increase in cholesterol levels, incidence of diabetes, inconsistent modulation of renin and imbalanced sexual hormones. This review discusses the antihypertensive roles of probiotics via the improvement and/or treatment of lipid profiles, modulation of insulin resistance and sensitivity, the modulation of renin levels and also the conversion of bioactive phytoestrogens as an alternative replacement of sexual hormones such as estrogen and progesterone.
Probiotics are viable microorganisms that confer health benefits to the host once consumed in adequate amounts, primarily by promoting the proliferation of beneficial gastrointestinal indigenous microflora. Various microorganisms have been found to posses such properties, although
The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute has classified hypertension for adults (aged 18 years or above) into four main categories. Normal blood pressure (BP) is defined as a systolic BP (SBP) of less than 120 mm Hg and a diastolic BP (DBP) of less than 80 mm Hg, while prehypertension has been defined as SBP of 120–139 mm Hg and DBP of 80–90 mm Hg. Those who are at the risk of stage one progression hypertension are defined as those with SBP of 140–159 mm Hg and DBP of 90–99 mm Hg, while stage two includes those with SBP of above 160 mm Hg and DBP above 100 mm Hg. The new guidelines of blood pressure are the decreased version of the previously accepted blood pressure range in order to encourage more proactive and earlier treatment of high blood pressure. This is because the risk of heart disease and stroke increases at blood pressures above SBP/DBP values of 115/75 mm Hg [
Hypertension may be either primary or secondary. Primary hypertension is diagnosed with no known cause and accounts for 95% of all hypertensive cases [
Hypercholesterolemia and obesity are strongly associated with primary hypertension. The over-activation of the sympathetic nervous system by the action of leptin could alter lipid profiles and increase blood pressure by causing peripheral vasoconstriction and by increasing renal tubular sodium reabsorption [
Although the use of probiotics has been primarily associated with the improvement of gastrointestinal health, recent evidence has also shown that probiotics play an important role in other metabolic diseases leading to antihypertensive effects. Thus, this review highlights and discusses the roles of probiotics on the modulation of lipid profiles, insulin, renin and sexual hormones in the effort to reduce hypertension.
The prevalence of increased total blood cholesterol in the developed and developing nations remains high and has increased in adults, children and adolescents. Hypertension is often associated with hypercholesterolemia or lipid abnormality and obesity [
Mann and Spoerry [
Several mechanisms of cholesterol reduction by probiotics via control of cholesterol metabolism have been proposed. One of these proposed mechanisms is the removal of cholesterol by assimilation. The assimilation of cholesterol by probiotics in the small intestine could reduce serum cholesterol by reducing cholesterol absorption in the intestines [
Other researchers have suggested that the incorporation of cholesterol into cellular membranes could be another mechanism to reduce cholesterol in media. Razin [
Another hypocholesterolemic mechanism that was postulated involves the ability of certain probiotics to enzymatically deconjugate bile acids. Deconjugation of conjugated bile salts to deconjugated bile salts is catalyzed by bile salt hydrolase (BSH; cholyglycine hydrolase; EC 184.108.40.206), which is the enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of glycine- and/or taurine-conjugated bile salts into amino acid residues and free bile acids [
Diabetes and hypertension are co-morbidity diseases that frequently occur together in the same patients. In a large prospective cohort study conducted by Gress
There is a complex relationship between insulin resistance, diabetes and essential hypertension. Insulin resistance is a phenomenon whereby body tissues, namely skeletal muscle, adipose tissue and the liver have impaired biological and physiological responses to circulating insulin [
Both diabetes and high blood pressure are risk factors for the development of macrovascular and microvascular complications. Therefore, rigorous control of blood pressure and glucose are paramount to decrease the morbility and mortality of hypertensive diabetes individuals [
An induction in insulin resistance often leads to diabetic dyslipidemia, and this is highly increased by high levels of plasma total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol [
Past studies have also postulated that the onset of diabetes is associated with a poor inflammatory status of the individuals that have consumed high-fats diets over prolonged periods (
In a randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled human study that involved 25 healthy elderly volunteers (median age 69 y; range 60 ± 83 y), the consumption of low-fat milk containing 1.5 × 1011 CFU of
The incidence of systemic inflammatory induced diabetes was also found to increase with the decrease ratio of Gram-positive:Gram-negative intestinal microflora. Such a decreased ratio tends to increase the availability of proinflammatory molecules and lipopolysaccharides in the body that are responsible for systemic inflammation, and thus triggers the occurrence of diabetes.
Lipopolysaccharides are the main components found in the outer membrane of Gram negative bacteria. The supplementation of probiotics reduces the population of pathogenic Gram negative bacteria in the gut and modulates immune response. Several mechanisms for the inhibition of Gram negative bacteria by probiotics have been postulated, including the competition for nutrients and adhesion sites, production of direct inhibitory compounds such as bacteriocins, and lowering of colonic pH by the production of short chain fatty acids [
Past studies have demonstrated the beneficial effects of co-consumption of probiotics with diabetic drug on controlling diabetes. Gliclazide is an oral anti-diabetic sulfonylurea drug that has beneficial extrapancreatic effects when insulin therapy is insufficient. Al-Salami
It has been found that high fructose diets induce type II diabetes that is associated with insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, hypertriglyceridemia and hypertension [
The authors also found that plasma total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and VLDL cholesterol levels were reduced, leading to a decrease in the incidence insulin resistance. The mechanisms proposed are inhibition of insulin depletion, preservation of diabetic dyslipidaemia and inhibition of lipid peroxidation and nitrite formation in the rats. This finding indicated that the consumption of probiotic products reduced the risk of diabetes and diabetic-linked-complications of individuals with fructose induced insulin resistance.
The sensitivity of insulin in the regulation of blood glucose and fat metabolism is decreased by the dysfunction of pancreatic
A combination of probiotics strains was also found to be advantageous in reducing the onset of insulin resistance and diabetes in animals. VSL#3 is a commercially available mixture of probiotics containing a high-concentration (450 billion colonies/sachet) of viable, lyophilized
The roles of probiotics in reducing the onset of insulin resistance, hyperglycemia and diabetes dyslipidemia have yielded positive findings. It is believed that probiotics could be used as an alternative preventive measure and treatment for diabetes and subsequently reduces the risks of diabetic-associated hypertension.
Blood pressure is controlled by a number of different interacting biochemical pathways. Typically, the regulation of blood pressure has been associated with renin-angiotensin system (RAS) which involved angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) [
ACE inhibition is a key clinical target for blood pressure control, whereby ACE inhibitors can lower blood pressure by reducing the production of angiotensin II and inhibit the degradation of brandykinin [
In addition to yogurt bacteria and cheese starter bacteria, probiotic bacteria have been demonstrated to produce different bioactive peptides in milk during fermentation [
To date, the ability of probiotics in reducing blood pressure has been elucidated through fermentation of food products in order to release bioactive peptides, such as the ACE inhibitory peptides that play a crucial role in RAS. Therefore, antihypertensive effects can be achieved via consumption of dairy adjunct with probiotics. Evidence from
Experimental evidence involving
To this end, microbial fermentation provides a natural technology applicable for the production of bioactive peptides either from dairy or plant proteins. Consumption of probiotic fermented products not only supplies bioactive peptides but also live probiotic cultures that could confer antihypertensive properties.
Hypertension has been associated with imbalanced sexual hormones due to strong epidemiological evidences of gender differences in physiological control mechanisms of blood pressure. The prevalence of hypertension often shifts towards postmenopausal women, who have higher arterial blood pressures attributed to the lost of protective effects of ovarian hormones that regulate blood pressure [
The role of estrogen in positive mediation of hypertension is well documented in both animal and human studies. Hence, hormone replacement therapy is often prescribed to post-menopausal women or hypertensive men to alleviate the condition. However, it was noted that estrogen replacement therapy did not result in significant sustained reductions in blood pressure in women who have experienced surgical menopause [
Phytoestrogens are natural estrogen mimics which possess several common features to the estradiol, including a phenolic ring which is a pre-requisite for binding to the estrogen receptor [
Gut microflora or probiotics readily hydrolyze the main isoflavonoid glucosides in legumes, such as soy, including genistein and daidzein, into bioactive aglycones [
Bioavailability of phytoestrogens in the human body is greatly influenced by gut microflora. The ability of intestinal bacteria to metabolize isoflavones increases the bioavailability of isoflavones in the form of aglycones and determines the production of biologically important isoflavone metabolites such as equol [
Past studies have shown that the concentrations of isoflavone aglycones in soy food are increased upon fermentation by probiotics. In a study performed by Chien
The efficiency of isoflavone absorption has been indicated by urinary excretion of the compound. Co-administration of probiotic
There is strong evidence supporting the positive influence of probiotics on hypertension via the mediation of phytoestrogens. More studies can be conducted to identify the specific probiotics with the nutraceutical property of increasing bioavailability of isoflavones, as it may vary between strains. A natural probiotic-phytoestrogen product may serve as a better alternative to the conventional, radical and synthetic hormone replacement therapy prescribed to post-menopausal women to counter hypertension, among other post-menopausal symptoms, as this treatment has also been associated with side effects such as an increased risk of breast cancer, mood swings and insomnia.
This review has illustrated the potential of probiotics in mediating hypertension via positive modulation of several different physiological systems, apart from its conventional benefits for gastrointestinal health. Probiotics have exhibited antihypertensive potential via the improvement of lipid profiles, insulin resistance, modulation of renin and the bioconversion of bioactive isoflavones. These positive findings suggested the potential use of dietary alternatives such as probiotics, to alleviate the occurrence of metabolic diseases via a less radical approach compared to drugs or hormone therapy, with milder, if not none, known side effects. Probiotics could also serve as a complementary supplement to enhance the well-being for those already suffering the diseases and taking drugs or hormonal therapy to medicate the condition. Further revelation on the potential of probiotics in future research could lead to a boost in probiotic-fermented food industries–dairy and non–dairy. Nevertheless, more studies are needed to better understand the exact mechanisms,
This paper was prepared as supported by the Research University Grants (1001/PTEKIND/811020 and 1001/PTEKIND/811089) and USM Fellowships provided by Universiti Sains Malaysia, and also the eScienceFund Grant (305/PTEKIND/613218) provided by the Malaysian Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (MOSTI).
Postulated mechanism of BSH on bile (A) and the role of cholesterol as the precursor for synthesis of new bile acids (B).
Postulated mechanism involved in the onset of diabetes upon prolonged consumption of high-fat diets.
Chemical structures of native glycosides, activated aglycones and standard estrogen.
|39 mild hypertensive; age 30–62
|Randomized, placebo-controlled
|70 healthy; age 18–55
|Randomized, double-blind, placebo- and compliance-controlled, parallel
|40 high-normal blood pressure (HN), 40 mild hypertension (MH); age not available
|Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled
|46 borderline hypertensive; age 23–59
|Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled
|60 (first period)/39 (second period) mild hypertension; age not available
|Two-cross over trial periods with a washout period in between
|First period:
A negative value shows a reduction from baseline registration values. SBP: Systolic blood pressure. DBP: Diastolic blood pressure.


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On June 18, 1971, the caucus threw its inaugural dinner at the Dunbar Hotel.
The Dunbar fiend is inseparable from Australian coasting steamers.
His headquarters at the time were at East Linton, near Dunbar.
Inspector Dunbar sat up very straight, his brows drawn down over the tawny eyes.
He suggested refreshments, and sat down to hear what Dunbar had to say.
I have been very much interested in the matter, because my son is employed in Mr. Dunbar's bank.
I cut him nigh to the saddle-bow in a skirmish on the eve of Dunbar.
With these forces Cromwell met the army of Scotch enthusiasts at Dunbar.
If you were so precious fond of me, how was it that you stopped in the house of Dunbar and Dunbar?
The most prominent trait of Dunbar's character was his love of nature.


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Ernie Awards diehard: Margaret Jones.
It's the awards night no one really wants to happen.
But, kept alive by a reliable stream of offensive comments, the annual Ernie Awards for Sexist Behaviour has become a uniquely Australian institution.
Laying claim to the most Ernie "wins" in the history of the awards and a near-perfect attendance record, 86-year-old Margaret Jones reckons the Ernies are particularly relevant to her generation.
While younger women can sometimes shrug off sexist comments as ignorance, such remarks are unwelcome relics when paired with the Australia Ms Jones grew up in.
"Women like me who had to listen to that shit all our lives really enjoy [the Ernies]," Ms Jones said.
It was an Australia where sexist comments were unexceptional, common and constant, ribald and obscene, Ms Jones said.
"We just put up with it," she said. "Then the Ernies came along and here was another way for us to get back at the blokes, because they had been laughing at us for all these years."
An "Ernie" officially goes to the man or woman who uttered the offending remark.
But the trophy, and the glory, belong to the woman who nominates the comments that are booed the loudest on the night.
As enjoyable as the Ernies are, Ms Jones is unconcerned by the prospect of a year without the awards due to a lack of contenders for the prize.
"I wouldn't worry, I'd be delighted," Ms Jones said.
But Ernies founder and former politician Meredith Burgmann said that each year the comments keep coming and "they're always dreadful".
"By making [the comments] public, it makes men aware of their sins," Ms Jones said.
While many men take the awards in good humour, Dr Burgmann said others seem to miss the point.
She remembers how Bill Heffernan rang to argue the toss with her, the year the Liberal senator was awarded the Gold Ernie for suggesting that Julia Gillard was not fit to lead the country because she is "deliberately barren".
"He said, but I'm a farmer, I know about sheep and cows," Dr Burgmann said. "It wasn't that he was offended, he just couldn't understand what was sexist about it."
The night attracts around 400 women each year, but Ms Jones is one of few who contribute to the award's success by collecting nominations throughout the year.
"It's obviously important to her, but it's really important to us too," said Dr Burgmann.
And the awards do mean a lot to Ms Jones. She protests that people, especially older women and women who are lesbians, are "invisiblised" by society.
But the awards night is one where she is unmissable.
"I'm with my sisters ... and I feel part of the tribe," she said. "That's important, you get a lot of support."
Ernie categories now include the Elaine (women unhelpful to the sisterhood), the Clinton (repeat offenders), the Warney (sport) and even the Good Ernie (for encouragement).
The awards are named after Ernie Ecob, who was the secretary of the Australian Workers' Union.
Mr Ecob's infamy within the feminist sisterhood was already well established when he proclaimed that women only wanted to be shearers because they're "after the sex".
The Awards were launched in celebration the year he retired from office. A sheep sits abashedly atop the Gold Ernie in his ongoing honor.
The 21st annual Ernie Awards will be held on Wednesday, October 9.


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TSPSC Agriculture Officer Answer Key 2015 AP Paper Solution
Advertisement TSPSC Agriculture Official Answer Key 2015, TSPSC AO Paper Solution 2015 Set Wise Answer Key PDF, TSPSC AO Exam Solution Paper 2015 TSPSC Agriculture Officer Answer Key 2015 Telangana State Public Service Commission (TSPSC) is an state organization which conducts civil services examination in Telangana. On 17th October 2015 TSPSC conducted an examination of Agriculture Officer (AO). TSPSC… Read More »


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VIDEO: True Blood Episode 2 Promo
Season Two of vampire drama True Blood had its premiere on Sunday, drawing in big ratings for HBO.
Now the network has released a sneak-peek preview of what's in store for next week, and it looks like things are definitely heating up in Bon Temps, Lousiana.
Check out the teaser for next week's episode, aptly titled "Keep This Party Going," and tell us in the comments section: Did you catch Sunday's episode of True Blood? And do you plan to tune in next week?


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Herman Miller Asks College Students, 'What Makes Your Campus Green?'
February 10, 2012
Third Annual Student Video Contest Researches Sustainability Efforts of Higher Education
Herman Miller, Inc. is launching its third annual video contest for full-time students attending two or four-year U.S. and Canadian colleges and universities. Students have the opportunity to get creative when responding to a single question posed by the company, "What Makes Your Campus Green?"
A green campus could include specific programs and initiatives in which students are involved, or it could have a structure that encourages and simplifies individual efforts to be more sustainable; anything that demonstrates how their campus is looking out for the Earth.
"Most campuses are involved in efforts to increase their sustainability," said Jeff Vredevoogd, Director of Herman Miller Education. "We frequently have conversations with leadership on campuses about this topic, and now we want to hear from students. This is a chance for students to have fun, be creative, and celebrate their school's achievements in sustainability."
Contest entries are due before 5 pm EST on April 6, 2012. Representatives from the company will select three finalists whose submissions best represent creativity, originality, and appropriateness to the theme. A public vote will decide the final ranking for the top three submissions. The first place winner will be awarded $2500 cash, second place $1500, and third place $1000.
To view the contest rules and guidelines, please visit: hermanmiller.com/studentvideocontest
About Herman Miller, Inc.
Herman Miller works for a better world around you—with inventive designs, technologies and related services that improve the human experience wherever people work, heal, learn, and live. Its curiosity, ingenuity, and design excellence create award-winning products and services, resulting in more than $1.6 billion in revenue in fiscal 2011. Innovative business practices and a commitment to social responsibility have also established Herman Miller as a recognized global company. In 2011, Herman Miller again received the Human Rights Campaign (HRC) Foundation's top rating in its annual Corporate Equality Index and was also cited by FORTUNE as the "Most Admired" company in the contract furniture industry. Herman Miller trades on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol MLHR.


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Technology is a wonderful thing, and thanks to Twitter, fans,
media and NHL players can Tweet pictures from the comfort of
their mobile device -- which probably isn't the safest thing.
Here are some of the funniest and most intriguing Twitter pics
for your enjoyment.
@plysenkov: Anton Volchenkov before
the game Torpedo - SKA. #devils


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Oct 13, 2013 - By Randy Tucker, Sports WriterIt wasn't what Shoshoni expected of the Riverside Rebels Friday at home.
Riverside had a single win on the season entering Friday's game, but the Rebels were up for the challenge and beat a lackluster Shoshoni effort 12-6 to make the Class 1-A West conference a very interesting mix with just two regular season games remaining.
"We can finish anywhere from second to not qualifying for the playoffs, depending on the next two weeks," Shoshoni head coach Tony Truempler said.
Shoshoni senior Jayden Haslam is the Wranglers' leading ground gainer, but a tackle from behind sent him hard to the turf on his shoulder and sent him to the sidelines late in the opening period.
He had a neck brace put on by a volunteer but removed it himself and was able to play in limited action in the second half.
Defensively, the Wranglers tallied their only score when freshman J.J. Pingetzer broke up a screen pass from Riverside's Royce Mercer and raced 67 yards for a late first-period score.
The Wranglers led 6-0 at the half and held that lead until late in the third, when Riverside found the end zone on a 45-yard Mercer pass to Ethan Sherburne.
"Our offense was not there at all," Truempler said. "Riverside was ready, and we were not. They had something to prove and really took it to us."
Riverside scored the go-ahead touchdown on a 5-yard run by Cole Hill that capped a short drive.
Shoshoni had the chance to tie the game or take the lead and moved the ball inside Riverside territory as time came to a close, but Anthony Eibert intercepted Tyler Clemetson at the 35-yard line. The Rebels were able to run out the clock for the win.
Shoshoni hosts Rocky Mountain this Friday at 6 p.m. in the season's final home game, then makes the long trek to Cokeville the following week.
Riverside entertains winless Wind River on Friday before going to Burlington in their regular-season finale.
First Quarter
SHO - J.J. Pingetzer 67-interceptin return (kick failed)
Third Quarter
RIV - Ethan Sherburne 45-pass from Royce Mercer (run failed)
Fourth Quarter
RIV - Cole Hill 5-run (run failed)
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us 62 rankings
Difficulty ranking world: 12523 (all)
Ranking United States: 426 (all)
Difficulty score: 14.82 what?
us 62 ratings
(rate it)
The us 62 is situated in Indiana.
Starting from new albany,
the us 62 ascent is 2.9 km long. Over this distance, you climb 112 heightmeters.
The average percentage thus is 3.8 %.
Look for other sides to climb the us 62.
If you wish, you can add up to 10 points by clicking on the map, or entering an address.
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This article does not cite any references or sources. Please help improve this article by adding citations to sources.
Zilargo is a country in Eberron to the south of Khorvaire. It is bordered in the north and west by Breland, in the east by Darguun, and in the south by the Thunder Sea. It is mainly inhabited by gnomes.
- Dragonroost
- Korranberg
- Liugwen
- Oskilor
- Quesk
- Reven
- Tarandro
- Tariston
- Thurimar
- Trolanport (Capital)
- Tzanthus
- Zolanberg


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The research in the laboratory of Dr. Wael Jarjour investigates sex bias in systemic autoimmune disorders and the role of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in myositis and Sjögren's syndrome.
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
Dr. Jarjour's laboratory focuses on research activities examining sex bias in lupus and other autoimmune diseases and on how estrogen impacts the immune response. In investigating the role of estrogen receptors and estrogen in SLE and other autoimmune diseases, Dr. Jarjour has demonstrated that estrogen up-regulates numerous genes that regulate the immune response. In recent publications, the team identified two novel targets of estrogen that are significantly up-regulated in SLE patients and play a critical role in regulating inflammation, specifically ZAS3 and TLR8. The research team is currently exploring functional consequences of this up-regulation. The long term goal of this project is to elucidate the role of estrogen and its receptors in the pathogenesis of SLE and identify biomarkers that will define women who are at high risk of developing lupus. Read our ZAS3 and TLR8 papers.
Another area of research interest for Dr. Jarjour is the development and validation of predictive biomarkers in SLE. To facilitate new collaborative efforts to address this very important translational area, Dr. Jarjour led an international meeting that was held in Washington DC.
Another area of active investigation in the lab concentrates on weakened muscle conditions known as inflammatory myopathies. This group of autoimmune diseases is marked by chronic inflammation of muscle tissue. These inflammatory myopathies are part of a heterogeneous group of diseases with diverse etiologies and clinical manifestations. Importantly, the cause of these diseases remains unclear and could hold the key to understanding the pathogenic mechanisms of autoreactive lymphocyte activation, expansion, and myositic inflammation.
Our work in this area examines the role of Tregs in the development of muscle tissue inflammation through the use and development of novel animal models of these diseases. Specifically, we are examining the interplay between genetics and the environment in promoting an abnormal display of antigens that, in the absence of normal Treg function, allows for the development of myositis. The active role of Tregs in suppressing the inflammatory response of autoreactive cells primed through endogenous antigen exposure has been clearly established in our laboratory. In December 2013, we published Aberrant muscle antigen exposure in mice is sufficient to cause myositis in a Treg cell-deficient milieu and were reviewed here.
Sjögren's syndrome
Sjögren's syndrome is a chronic autoimmune disorder that is caused by persistent inflammation of moisture producing glands. We developed several novel systems to study this disease, including an adoptive transfer model. Recently, our lab has established a chimeric model that displays histological features characteristic of Sjögren's syndrome pathology. This chimeric model is promising as a system for early drug development to treat Sjögren's syndrome pathogenesis and progression. Read Novel animal models for Sjögren's syndrome: Expression and transfer of salivary gland dysfunction from regulatory T cell-de?cient mice and A Chimeric Human-Mouse Model Of Sjogren's Syndrome.
PubMed list of recent publications