text:
Traditionally, small businesses have been the engine for economic growth and job creation in the United States. Small businesses represent more than 99 percent of all employers, produce more than half of our non-farm Gross Domestic Product (GDP), and have generated nearly two-thirds of new jobs over the past 15 years. Small businesses are also at the cutting edge of innovation, hiring 40 percent of all high-tech workers and producing 13 times more patents per employee than larger companies.
The continued effects of the financial crisis and credit crunch, which nearly resulted in a catastrophic economic "meltdown" during the Bush Administration, are a significant obstacle to job creation. According to a report issued last week by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, lending by U.S. banks plunged by $210.4 billion – or 2.8 percent – in the third quarter of 2009, the largest drop since at least 1984 and the fifth consecutive quarter in which banks have reduced lending. Large banks, the beneficiaries of billions of dollars in federal Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP) funding, have been responsible for a disproportionate share of this decline.
An increasing number of small business owners are feeling the impact of the credit crunch. Since the onset of the financial crisis, which began in 2007 and worsened in 2008, small business credit terms have tightened, loan volumes have dropped, and small businesses – even profitable companies with track records of success – are struggling to survive. A Treasury Department report released last month found that the 22 banks that have received the most funding through TARP have cut their collective small business loan balances by $10.5 billion over the last six months. Without adequate access to affordable credit, American small businesses cannot expand or hire, and many have had to shut their doors.
The Democratic-led Senate, working with House Democrats and the Obama Administration, has enacted reforms to provide small businesses the assistance they need to lead America out of the recession. The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (P.L. 111-5) took important steps toward providing small businesses with needed support, dedicating $780 million to jumpstart lending. This included fee eliminations to make Small Business Administration (SBA) loans more affordable, higher SBA loan guarantees to incentivize private sector lending, initiatives to unfreeze the secondary market, and a new program to provide no-interest loans and a year's grace period to help small businesses pay their bills. In the Omnibus Appropriations Act for Fiscal Year 2009 (P.L. 111-8), Congress built on the Recovery Act by increasing funding for loans, counseling, and contracting assistance that small firms need to succeed. While these efforts have made a difference, Senate Democrats will redouble our efforts in the coming weeks to ensure that small businesses have access to the credit and capital they need to expand and create new jobs.
Small businesses cannot obtain the financing they need to operate and thrive.
"There are still too many entrepreneurs who can't get the loan they need to open their doors and start hiring. There are still too many who are struggling to make payroll and stay open. And there are still too many successful small businesses that want to expand further and hire more but just don't have the capital to do it."
– President Obama, 10/21/09
Small businesses are generally more reliant on financing from banks, and are, accordingly, more vulnerable to the credit crunch. According to the most recent report by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, lending by U.S. banks fell by 2.8 percent in the third quarter of 2009. This is the largest drop since 1984 and the fifth consecutive quarter in which banks have reduced lending. [Washington Post, 11/25/09] This "serious impediment to economic recovery" is disproportionately impacting American small businesses. According to the San Francisco Fed, "small businesses may be particularly vulnerable to a credit crunch. Small companies do not have access to the capital markets. Thus, their sources of external financing are much more limited than large corporations." [FRBSF Economic Letter, 3/6/09] Treasury Secretary Tim Geithner agreed, stating recently that "small businesses are typically more reliant on bank financing than their larger counterparts. When banks pull back, small businesses take the hardest hit." [Wall Street Journal, 11/18/09]
While credit may be "increasingly abundant" for larger companies, "for many smaller companies, borrowing remains tough." [New York Times, 10/13/09] "Although credit continues to remain troublingly hard for small business to come by, that phenomenon is a largely untold story. Wall Street focuses on big companies because they are in the Standard & Poor'S.500, but small businesses are still in a very grim state… Small-company activity according to the NFIB. [National Federation of Independent Businesses] is still at deep recession levels." [New York Times, 11/28/09]
Small business lending has contracted and small businesses are feeling the pain of the credit crunch. Federal Reserve Chairman Ben Bernanke recently observed that: "Many small businesses have seen their bank credit lines reduced or eliminated, or they have been able to obtain credit only on significantly more restrictive terms. The fraction of small businesses reporting difficulty in obtaining credit is near a record high, and many of these businesses expect credit conditions to tighten further." [Statement of Ben Bernanke, CNN Money, 11/16/09]
The Federal Reserve's quarterly Senior Loan Officer Opinion Survey on Bank Lending Practices showed that, throughout 2008, small business lenders and borrowers reported signs of a credit slowdown. This process of tightening credit for small businesses began in early 2008 and worsened over the course of the year (with the number of banks reporting that they had tightened small business lending standards increasing steadily from 30 percent in January to 74.6 percent in October). [Federal Reserve Board, accessed 11/09] In the April, July, and October 2009 surveys, no banks reported that they had eased lending standards for small business applicants in any appreciable way, and only one bank in the July 2009 survey claimed to have eased its standards "somewhat." [Federal Reserve Board, accessed 11/09]
There are several reasons why banks are making fewer loans to small businesses. In any recession, when business slows, the ability of companies to obtain credit suffers. Decreased demand for credit and capital in the small business sector, and banks' interest in improving their balance sheets, are part of the picture. These factors, however, which are present in any economic turndown, have been exacerbated by the financial crisis and credit crunch. In the current lending environment, the lack of credit has a negative, circular impact: "Poor access to credit for a small business, its suppliers, and its customers can weaken that business's finances and ultimately its creditworthiness." [Congressional Oversight Panel, 5/7/09]
Whatever the cause, there is no dispute that small business owners cannot access the credit they need. In a recent survey, 55 percent of small business owners said that their businesses had been impacted by the credit crunch in February 2008. In August 2008, the number rose to 67 percent, and in December, the number increased to 69 percent. By July 2009, "a whopping 80 percent of small business respondents [had] been impacted by the credit crunch." [National Small Business Association, 7/09] "[T]hat same survey reported that a significant majority of banks have increased the costs of credit lines while at the same time about 40 percent have reduced the size of business loans." [National Small Businesses Association, 7/09] The New York Times recently reported that "14 percent of small businesses found loans harder to secure in August than in July, according to the most recent survey by the National Federation of Independent Business. Among companies borrowing regularly, less than one-third reported that all their credit needs were being met." [New York Times, 10/13/09]
Small business owners are increasingly relying on credit cards, but credit card terms are worsening. As of April 2009, 59 percent of America's small firms relied on credit cards to help finance their day-to-day operations, up from 44 percent at the end of last year and 16 percent in 1993. [National Small Businesses Association, 7/09] "The number of small-business owners who depend on a credit card to buy items as varied as paper clips and heavy equipment has climbed steadily over the years, from just 16 percent in 1993. Today, that group makes up 11 percent of the revenue for Visa and MasterCard, from 3 percent in 1998…" [New York Times, 6/10/09]
And the terms can be much less favorable than traditional lines of credit. "[S]mall business owners generally view credit cards as undesirable because of their high interest rates and frequently changing terms." [Testimony of Todd McCracken on behalf of the National Small Business Association, 3/19/09] Small business owners' credit card limits and lines of credit have been "arbitrarily reduced due to no fault of their own. These reductions are typically due simply to the fact that, as a small business, the lending institution views the credit as risky. When asked in December, 28 percent of small-business owners responded that they had experienced a decrease in their lines of credit or a credit-card limit in the past six months. In July, 38 percent–up 10 points from December–reported that they had experienced a decrease in their lines of credit or a credit-card limit in the past six months. [National Small Businesses Association, 7/09]
Meanwhile, other lines of credit are also drying up. A 2008 Small Business Poll conducted by the National Federation of Independent Business found that 22 percent of small business respondents had taken out at least one mortgage to fund business activities, with 16 percent using real estate to collateralize other business assets and ten percent using their personal homes as collateral. "Unfortunately for small businesses, credit-line cuts are only about half way through. Home equity loans, also historically a key funding source for start-up small businesses, are not a source of liquidity anymore because more than 32% of U.S. homes are worth less than their mortgages." [Wall Street Journal, Opinion, 10/1/09]
TARP bailout money has not yet helped. According to a Treasury Department report released in mid-November, the 22 banks that have receiving the most funding through the Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP) have cut their collective small business loan balances by $10.5 billion over the last six months. "Three of the 22 banks make no small business loans at all. Of the remaining 19 banks, 15 have reduced their small business loan balance since April, when the Treasury Department began requiring the biggest banks receiving Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP) funding to report monthly on their small business lending." [CNN Money, 11/17/09]
Recovery Act small business provisions may have helped, but they are limited and poised to run out of money by the end of the year. The Recovery Act provided loan fee relief of up to $375 million to temporarily eliminate fees associated with 7(a) and 504 SBA loans, which make up 40 percent of all long-term capital to small businesses and helped to create or retain more than 544,000 jobs last year. Since the Recovery Act was signed into law in February 2009, the SBA has supported more than $16 billion in loans nationwide. [Dallas Morning News, 11/25/09] The SBA says these programs revitalized small-business lending, but the programs proved to be so popular that the funds are nearly gone now. [NacsOnline, 11/25/09] These Recovery Act loan programs, "lured hundreds of banks back to the small-business lending arena" and attracted more than 1,260 lenders that hadn't made SBA loans since October 2008." The money for the enhanced loan program, however, is expected to be depleted by the end of the year, potentially creating "a new credit squeeze as early as next month, in what amounts to a gap period between the expiration of two popular stimulus provisions and the ramp-up of President Barack Obama's plan to boost loans for small companies." [Wall Street Journal, 10/30/09]
The economy cannot recover if small businesses do not recover
"Small businesses… are the job generators in this country."
-Congressional Record, Statement of Senator Dorgan, 11/20/09
With small businesses making up the largest source of employment in the United States, and at a time when millions of Americans are out of work, we need our small business innovators and job creators more than ever. From 2005 to 2006 (the last period for which we have data), small businesses created 70.1 percent of new jobs. [SBA, 10/2009] When Main Street businesses cannot get credit, however, Americans lose jobs. More than eighty percent of the jobs lost since November 2008 have come from small firms. [ADP, accessed 11/30/09]
Because of the small business credit crunch:
- Business start-ups are stalled. "[T]he one thing that's preventing prospective franchise owners from realizing their business ownership dreams, as of this writing, is the credit crunch. The major lenders are not opening their bank's vaults to a lot of business start-ups, including new franchise openings." [Small Business Trends, 11/16/09]
- Contract businesses will not bid on new work. "For companies that work on a contract basis bidding for jobs in advance, tight credit sometimes precludes their ability to seek new business: They cannot raise capital to hire workers and add equipment. In Alexandria, Minnesota, Bob Novak, president of ACB Construction, has in recent months declined to bid on large-scale government jobs in Utah because of what he describes as a frustrating lack of credit for people in his line of work. His work force has shrunk to 1, from 14, in the last two years, yet every effort to generate fresh business seems to get snuffed out by rejections from banks… 'I've had to walk away from jobs because I cannot get the funding.'" [New York Times, 10/13/09]
- Delay and uncertainty of financing is holding back business opportunities and hiring. "Med-National provides medical and dental services on a contract basis, mostly to the Defense Department. The San Antonio-based company has been in business for more than 20 years, has never lost money, and logged $5.9 million in sales last year, said the executive vice president, Robert S. Welborn Jr. Yet as the company recently sought to secure a pair of contracts with the United States Army, its plans were delayed for nearly a year as it tried and failed to persuade a bank to lend it $300,000. The financing was required to hire the roughly 20 people needed to deliver the services — doctors and dentists and support staff. Mr. Welborn initially called local banks with whom he had done business in years past, among them JPMorgan Chase and Wachovia. Their answer surprised him: no. …In August, Mr. Welborn finally lined up financing from Wells Fargo and began hiring. Yet the delay and the uncertainty have left him reluctant to pursue other contracts.' If we could borrow the money more easily,' he said, 'we would be hiring even more people.'" [New York Times, 10/12/09]
- Businesses that are ready to grow and hire are held up. "Robert Stopanio's new medical-device manufacturing plant was supposed to open eight months ago and employ about 75 workers in a state that desperately needs jobs. But Stopanio hasn't been able to find the financing… local businesses say they are ready to grow — if only they could get a loan." [LJWorld.com, 11/15/09]
- Significant job creation is hindered. According to the National Franchise Association, if SBA loan limits were increased from $2 to $5 million, 450,000 to 650,000 new jobs would be created in the next 12 to 18 months in the franchise sector alone. "These new businesses will create 243,750 to 325,000 jobs (assuming 15-20 direct jobs per store) plus an additional 245,000 to 325,000 indirect jobs. Therefore, we believe that a larger loan limit will enable some of these franchise small business owners to expand into new markets and help the U.S. create between 450,000 to 650,000 new jobs within the next 12 to 18 months." [Testimony of Matthew R. Shaw, 10/14/09]
These examples illustrate the point recently made by Fed Chairman Ben Bernanke: "Difficulties in obtaining credit could hinder the expansion of small and medium-sized businesses and prevent the formation of new business." [CNN Money, 11/16/09] That is why Democrats – in the Congress and in the White House – are working to ensure that our nation's innovators and entrepreneurs continue to fuel the recovery and create millions of new jobs for American workers.


text:
The gold miners, untouched by mal de mer, sang jolly songs and played cards to amuse themselves.
What methods did they adopt to counteract the discomfort of mal de mer?
Had our friend, Colonel Pinchard, been with us, he would have had some reason to complain of the mal de mer.
It seemed to them like a personal affront for anyone not to succumb to mal de mer.
He only wishes to emphasise his own immunity from mal de mer, and blow the smoke of his disgusting pipe into your face.
Ezra's smile faded to a look that suggested a complication of homesickness and mal de mer.
I soon began in right earnest to feel what the French call "mal de mer."
Faces fell, for soldiers, like other mortals, fall victims to mal de mer.
In the midst of my first mal de mer, I was amused by the appearance on board of one of my fellow-passengers.
But he knows, no matter how horribly he suffers from mal de mer, he will receive no sympathy.
mal de mer (māl' də mâr')
See seasickness.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
MandM Direct is one of the UK's leading fashion and sports retailers selling your favourite top brands - Bench, Firetrap, Timberland, Fred Perry, adidas, Nike, Puma, Henleys, Berghaus and loads more, all with savings of up to 75% off UK recommended retail prices.
Ratings guide
All Feefo reviews are gathered anonymously from genuine customers. Read more about how our review system works.
nice comfortable sandals and good quality
These sandals did not fit. I took all the advice about buying a larger size than normal and they were still too small. There was no way of adjusting the heel strap which pushed the foot too far forward and into the ankle strap. I would not buy Karrimor sandals by mail order again. I have bought them in the past and liked them very much but the quality seems to have deteriorated.
I have purchased a similar karrimor sandal from you in the past and was that impressed on the quality and wearability that when I needed a new pair I looked on your website to see if you still offer the same type of sandal, which you did.08-Oct-2014They offer good quality items for excellent prices
Useful walking sandals, comfortable
My wife loves them
Nice and sturdy sandal
Good quality shoe, Unfortunately I need the next size which is not available at present.
Did not fit well
Ordered a size 6 but I would say they are a 5 as my toes hang over the ends so will be returning. Would advice going up a size.
Good website items dispatched promptly
I had already bought a pair of these sandals and, after reading feedback on Amazon, I had bought a size bigger than I usually take (8 instead of 7). As the sandals were just what I wanted, I thought I'd buy 2 more pairs from M and M Direct (cheaper). I ordered the same size I had from Amazon. One of pairs came the same size as my previous ones - and one came even smaller (not M and M's fault as the label said the correct size) It fitted my daughter who takes a 6.5, so I gave them to her.......but shoes marked as a size 8 shouldn't fit someone with a shoe size 6.5! These are lovely, comfy, hardwearing sandals - but you MUST order them AT LEAST a size bigger than you really are.
Good service , excellent goods , thank you
Great,my wife loves them,had to re-order next size up than normal
Size not a standard size6,had to return
Just what I ordered.
great value and quality
Love the sandals great for walking in this lovely weather.01-Jun-2014Excellent
very fast delivery all kept items excellant
No complaints at all . Prompt delivery.
Fast delivery
Items always received on time.


text:
Mercedes-Benz is peddling three-year leases on a base Smart car for $99 a month, with $999 due at signing. That struck us as dirt cheap and made us wonder what the other best deals are out there.
Well, as it turns out, there are several other finger-licking-good lease deals out there on 2012 models, according to TrueCar.com. Some have no down payments and most have short 24-month terms, so you can stay in a fresh new car.
Here's the list:
Chris Woodyard is an auto writer for USA TODAY who covers all aspects of motoring. He revels in the exhaust note of a Maserati and the sharp creases of a Cadillac CTS. Chris strives to live a Porsche life on a Scion budget. More about Chris


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Jordan 1st Crib Shoe
Select a size above
Size Chart
Buy Online & Pick Up In-Store
Check Availability at stores near you.
This Jordan 1st crib is based off retro details, including the original "Jordan Wings" logo. Features a leather upper with a stay-put closure closure for quick on/off access.


text:
Reconfigure is a Python library for parsing and generating a range of configuration file formats. It creates an object mapping for the config file content. Supported configs include Ajenti, BIND9 DNS, Crontabs, Samba CTDB, ISC DHCPD / uDHCPD, NFS /etc/exports, /etc/fstab, /etc/group, /etc/hosts, iptables-save dump, Netatalk afp.conf, NSD DNS, /etc/passwd, /etc/resolv.conf, Samba, Squid 3, and Supervisord. Parsers are also provided for file formats including .ini, CSV, nginx-like, and JSON.
Web Site Traffic and Pages Access records visits of real users to website pages. It can record the number of visits in MySQL database tables using PDO or text files. The script can execute the queries to create the necessary database tables. It use AJAX requests to detect whether users are staying the pages for at least five seconds. This period is a configurable parameter. Accesses performed by well-known crawler robots are excluded from the accesses recorded by the classes. The classes can list the top-accessed pages and other traffic statistics.
DRM-SEQ is a basic drum machine and sampler. It allows realtime pattern creation with customizable samples and tracks. It has an adjustable BPM, swing factor, time signature, and eight banks for patterns, with intuitive key bindings and save/load capabilities for a live environment.


text:
Becky A. Bailey, Ph.D., is an award-winning author, renowned teacher and internationally recognized expert in childhood education and developmental psychology. Her workshops touch thousands of lives each year, and her top selling book titles have over 1,000,000 copies in circulation.
Dr. Bailey is the founder of Loving Guidance, Inc., a company dedicated to creating positive environments for children, families, schools and businesses. She is also the developer of the Conscious Discipline program.
Dr. Becky has authored 15 books related to guidance and discipline. Parent Education Curriculum, School to Heart to Home, her newest title is designed for use with parents and caregivers in any center serving ages birth through seven already implementing Conscious Discipline. Her core publication for parents, Easy to Love, Difficult to Discipline, has received national acclaim and is published in 12 languages. Easy to Love, Difficult to Discipline applies the Conscious Discipline message to the family unit, offering the support and internal changes adults need to effectively parent their children.
In her passion to empower all people, especially those working with our youngest citizens, Dr. Bailey has established the first Early Childhood Education four-year university degree program in the state of Florida. She was also instrumental in establishing a teacher certification program for Native Americans in New Mexico.
She played an integral role in raising funds, building and equipping a preschool in a tsunami-devastated region of Sri Lanka, and sponsored two Sri Lankan teachers to attend the week-long Conscious Discipline Summer Institute. She has established a non-profit organization to provide free training and resources to at-risk families and teachers in memory of her mother, Frances Canipe Bailey.
Florida State University
Degree: Ph.D., 1979
Emphasis: Early Childhood Education and Developmental Psychology
Appalachian State University
Degree: M.S., 1975
Emphasis: Educational Psychology and Elementary Education
Longwood College
Degree: B.A., 1974
Emphasis: Health, Physical Education, and Recreation; Adapted Physical Education
1996 - Present
Loving Guidance, Inc.
1988 - 1998
Associate Professor / Coordinator Early Childhood Education
University of Central Florida
1985 - 1988
Assistant Professor / Faculty Director Child Development Program
Department of Early Childhood and Language School of Education Eastern Montana College
1983 - 1985
Research Assistant Professor / Academic Coordinator
UNM Child Care Co-op Department of Elementary Education, University of New Mexico
1981 - 1982
Visiting Lecturer Navajo Teacher Education Development Program
Department of Elementary Education, University of New Mexico
1980 - 1981
Director, Division of Education
Indian Pueblo of Acoma, New Mexico
1979 - 1980
Early Childhood/Elementary Education Consultant
Florida State Department of Education
1978 - 1979
Graduate Assistant
Florida State University
Teacher Curriculum Development Specialist
Creative Preschool and Child Care Center, Florida
1977 - 1978
Kindergarten Teacher
Sabal Palm Elementary School, Florida
1975 - 1977
Teacher / Administrator
Creative Preschool and Child Care Center, Florida
William Henry Ruffner Alumni Award
Longwood University, Farmville, Virginia
Author, Top Choice of the Year
Creative Child Magazine
Managing Emotional Mayhem
Author, Distinguished Achievement Award Finalist
The Association of Educational Publishers
Feeling Buddies Self-Regulation Toolkit
Author, Seal of Excellence
Creative Child Magazine
Best Beginnings: An Infant Care Conversation
Author, Top Choice of the Year
Creative Child Magazine
Best Beginnings: An Infant Care Conversation
Author, Best Parenting Book
Easy to Love, Difficult to Discipline
Author, Award Winner
iParenting Media
Shubert Rants and Raves
Author, Award Winner
iParenting Media
Shubert Sees the Best
Author, Award Winner
iParenting Media
Shubert is a S.T.A.R.
Teaching Incentive Program Award for Teaching Excellence
April 1996
Alumni Achievement Award
Longwood College, Farmville, Virginia
Nominated Who's Who in American Education
Distinguished Service Award for Efforts in Developing and Promoting Sponsored Research
Young Educator of the Year
Phi Delta Kappa
Nominated Graduate Teacher Award
1991 & 1992
Nominee National Board for Professional Teaching Standards
1990 & 1992
Course Selected for Honors Program
March 1990
Quill Membership for UCF Authors
Nominated Outstanding Early Childhood Educator for the State of Montana
Nominated for Faculty Achievement Award in Teaching
Eastern Montana College
Outstanding Young Women of America
Nomination for Northern Burlington Faculty Achievement Awards for both Teaching & Research
1982 - 1984
Excellent Teacher Evaluation List
University of New Mexico for nine consecutive semesters
Certification of Excellence
Pueblo of Acoma Wise Men & Tribal Council


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Seattle • The Washington Huskies overcame a rash of penalties to lead the Utah Utes 14-8 at halftime here Saturday.
Washington quarterback Keith Price scored on a 4-yard run with 2:16 remaining in the half to put the Huskies ahead of the Utes, who have never beaten Washington in seven tries.
Washington's drive was set up by a Travis Wilson interception that was returned 13 yards to Washington's 33-yard line.
That drive was just one of several in which the Utes squandered good field position.
The Utes' average starting field position in the first half was their 35-yard line, while Washington's was the 24-yard line.
John White, who scored on a 46-yard run in the first quarter, found room to run and finished with 91 yards in the half, but he wasn't enough to carry Utah's offense.
Wilson was just 6-for-14 for 32 yards. White and senior Luke Matthews both had drops on catchable balls.
Price finished the half 13-for-19 for 152 yards and Washington running back Bishop Sankey rushed 16 times for 80 yards.
The Huskies were penalized six times for 62 yards.


text:
Important Documents
Student Development
Students receive an outstanding education at Briercrest. This takes place through our academic programs, including excellent classroom learning opportunities with caring and competent teachers. But what takes place in our learning community does not stop there. The Student Development team at BCS embraces the opportunity to partner with our academic colleagues by providing co-curricular extensions of the learning that takes place on campus. Student Development seeks to serve BCS students by providing a caring atmosphere and healthy activities with the goal of Life Transformation in Community. This transformation process includes opportunities for:
- Spiritual and Intellectual Formation
- Character Cultivation
- Leadership Development
The Student Development team is intentional about nurturing an atmosphere that enables students to experience significant growth as individuals and in key relationships, as the Lord continues the good work He has begun in each of them.
Student Government Constitution (pdf)
Senior Dorm Rebate - Application Form (pdf)
Senior Dorm Rebate - Portfolio Requirement Guidelines (pdf)
Student Codes
Student Responsibilities and Expectations
Policy Reference Guide (pdf)
Anti-Harassment Policy (pdf)
Residence Life Code (pdf)
The Residence Life Code document details the college's expectations of all students living in Briercrest College and Seminary residences. A college dorm is a unique environment that offers many opportunities for growth and development (both personally and interpersonally). In residence living, the actions of each individual affect the whole community. A set of common guidelines helps maintain a positive environment of respect, consideration, accountability, and safety.
If you would like a printed version of any of these documents, please contact Student Development at email@example.com or 306-756-3360.
Out-of-Dorm Living at Briercrest College and Seminary
Community Housing Policy
Something that makes Briercrest College and Seminary is its residence program. We believe in education that goes beyond the classroom environment. This means that all unmarried students who are under the age of 23 (at the beginning of the semester) and without dependants must live in a student dorm unless they qualify and have successfully applied for community housing status.
Community housing approvals are limited to students entering their fourth year of undergraduate studies at Briercrest College and Seminary (six full semesters in residence on this campus, and/or 90+ formally applied college credit hours including transfer credits). Students who meet these criteria must also be in good standing in all areas of school life. Everyone in this category must APPLY and be APPROVED for community housing status before proceeding with moving plans.
Student Life Fee (pdf)
Community Housing Application Process
Students must submit application forms along with the required portfolio component (linked below) to the Student Development office located in the lower hall of the Administration Building for processing and evaluation.
Community Housing Application Form
Community Housing Policy available upon request from the Student Development office or by email: email@example.com


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The latest discoveries with love from my friend the interwebs.
Arts and Healing Podcast
Britt Bravo does the Arts and Healing Podcast – proving once more that she is crazy brilliant.
ilovemountains – End Mountaintop Removal Coal Mining
Through iLoveMountains.org, 7 grassroots organizations from 5 Appalachian states have come together to use cutting edge technology to inform and involve Americans in their efforts to end mountaintop removal coal mining .
The Sheep Market
10,000 sheep drawn by workers on Amazon's Mechanical Turk.
Laura's Notebook | Technology for Non-profit Organisations, Social Media and Accessible Website Design
Blog and journal of news and articles on webdesign, non-profit technology and more, by Devon based freelance designer, Laura Whitehead
Laura tumbles on the interweb
Giveness : Online Fundraising For Nonprofits
Giveness.com is a social network for philanthropy. Fundraise for your causes when you shop from the world's most popular websites.
Amazon Web Services Blog
Amazon Web Services, Products, Tools, and Developer Information…
Main Page – OpenWetWare
Embroidery Designs at Urban Threads – Home
Alternative and indie art for machine embroidery designs, hand embroidery designs, and clip art.
Siegfried Woldhek's portrait site and commentary.


text: Shop Snapshot Complements Item Number: Z3309 $6.95 Quantity Qty You have 0 in your cart. Product Description Coordinating stickers and kraft die-cuts, including some with white foil or gold foil. Coordinate with the Basics Fundamentals collection. You might also like these products… Uptown Fundamentals $14.95 Z3263 All About the Gold Fundamentals $10.95 Z3246 Rustic Home Fundamentals $13.95 Z3262 Memo Fundamentals $4.95 Z3294 Aqua Shimmer Trim $4.95 Z3086 12" × 12" Kraft Cardstock $9.50 Z1375 Uptown Ribbon Pack $9.95 Z3289 Rustic Home Ribbon Pack $9.95 Z3292 Black Exclusive Inks™ Stamp Pad $7.95 Z2805 Lagoon Exclusive Inks™ Stamp Pad $7.95 Z2895


text:
Blaze damages Geno's restaurant, nearby apartments
UPDATED: Sat., June 15, 2013, 7:36 p.m.
Sixteen people are without a home tonight after a three-alarm fire ripped through Geno's restaurant and a nearby apartment complex near Gonzaga University.
The blaze began shortly after 4 p.m, Fire Chief Bobby Williams said. The fire began near Geno's, spreading into the kitchen then jumping to the Sinto Apartments on 907 E. Sinto. Williams said investigators have not pinpointed a cause or an exact location where the fire began. It did not appear that anyone was injured.
The fire was mostly extinguished shortly after 6 p.m. Crews continued to battle smaller fires inside the apartments. The eight-unit complex will likely be uninhabitable for some time, Williams said.
SNAP owns and operates the low-income transitional apartments. Red Cross volunteers are working with victims to find housing, food and medical assistance. Fourteen adults, one child and a baby were displaced.
A resident at the Sinto Apartments, Crystal Parmer, said she had just enough time to grab her dog and leave. She didn't panic until she heard the windows breaking as she left, she said, and realized she likely lost everything in her home.
Joe Barsh, a GU student who was at the restaurant when the fire started, said a handful of people in the restaurant were evacuated. When he saw the fire spreading to the adjacent apartments, he and others went to evacuate people from the building.
"They lost a lot," Barsh said.
Mark Baier, the owner of Geno's, said only the restaurant's kitchen was damaged. The flames did little damage to the newly remodeled addition, which Baier installed about a year and a half ago.
About 15 of Spokane Fire Department's 18 units responded to the blaze, forcing the department to rely on neighboring departments to respond to another fire on the South Hill and several medical calls through the area, said Asst. Chief Brian Schaeffer.
"One incident wipes out all our resources," Schaeffer said.
Spokane Fire hasn't responded to an incident this size since the four-alarm fire that destroyed most of a 12-unit apartment complex on the 700 block of South Lincoln Street in September, Schaeffer said.
North Hamilton will remain closed for several hours while fire crews investigate the scene.


text: HAGEN DEFEATED BY DOUGHTY SCOT - Jock Hutchinson Overcomes Native Son in Last Few Holes of Pro. Golf Semi-Final. JIM BARNES ALSO WINS Whitemarsh Valley Player Puts Out Willie Macfarlane and Will Be Other Finalist at Siwanoy Today. - View Article - NYTimes.com Your browser does not support iframes. Please use this link to view your article: view article.


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Many of us, if we're here on Newsvine, like to write. And if you're checking out the Technology section, you like to either read or write about techie stuff. I'm posting this in case any of you want to check it out. Of course, if anyone gets the job, we want to know about it (unless you prefer to stay anonymous on NV, of course).
Slate is looking for a technology blogger. - Slate Magazine
Current Status: Published (4)
Seeded on Thu Dec 27, 2012 9:27 AM
keyboard shortcuts: V vote up article J next comment K previous comment


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My cart is empty.
BOSS PURE was launched by the designer house of Hugo Boss in 2008. BOSS Pure is the new male fragrance from BOSS. Inspired by the idea of a man to become one with water, the fragrance is subtle, sophisticated and delightfully fresh. With its utterly energizing scent that bursts with aquatic freshness BOSS Pure captures the sensuality and emotion of a man united with the pure, unstoppable power of water. The fragrance is reminiscent of the rush and thunder of moving water in nature, the power of BOSS Pure lies in its fizzy Mediterranean citrus with juicy fruit notes and water accord, which capture the character of the fragrance _ subtle, sophisticated and utterly fresh. Notes include: fig water, fizzy Mediterranean citrus, lily, hyacinth, wood and masssoia.
Release Year:
fig water, fizzy Mediterranean citrus, lily, hyacinth, wood, masssoia.
America's Largest Fragrance Retailer Perfumania specializes in the sale of genuine designer fragrances, bath and body, cosmetics, skin care products and related gifts and accessories for men, women and children.


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Arkansas is turning to former assistant John L. Smith to serve as coach in the wake of the firing of Bobby Petrino.
The school announced the decision Monday in a release. It was first reported by The Associated Press.
MORE: John L. Smith's letter of agreement with Arkansas
Smith served the past three seasons as special teams coach with the Razorbacks before taking the head coaching job at Weber State in the offseason.
He will be introduced at a press conference Tuesday. The school said he has signed a one-year contract.
"I am tremendously excited to have this special opportunity to return to Arkansas and lead the Razorback football program," Smith said in a statement. "During my coaching career, I have always been dedicated to developing student-athletes to their fullest potential. In the last couple of weeks, I came to the realization I could provide guidance and stability to a program I'm extremely invested in. While at Arkansas, we worked to make the Razorbacks a top 5 team and much of the credit for that goes to the student-athletes.
The hiring of Smith gives the Razorbacks some continuity as it prepares for the upcoming season. He, unlike the other internal candidates on the current staff, has extensive head coaching experience.
In 18 combined seasons at Idaho, Utah State, Louisville and Michigan State, he has compiled a 132-86 record.
"I am extremely pleased to welcome Coach John L. Smith back to the Razorback program as our new head football coach," Long said in a statement. "Coach Smith brings a wealth of football knowledge, BCS conference head coaching experience, passion for the game and a close familiarity with the current team and coaching staff. I firmly believe that his selection is in the best interests of the young men in our program and will also best serve the mission of our football program and university in achieving success on and off the field in the upcoming season and in the long term."
It will be a pressure-filled situation for Smith. Expectations are high for Arkansas this season with quarterback Tyler Wilson and running back Knile Davis returning to a team that went 11-2 with its only losses on the road against LSU and Alabama.
Petrino previously served as an assistant under Smith when he was head coach at Louisville in 1998. Petrino then succeeded Smith when he left for Michigan State.
Petrino was terminated earlier this month after his inappropriate relationship with staff member Jessica Dorrell was discovered following a motorcycle accident.
Taver Johnson was named interim coach earlier this month and led the team through the conclusion of spring practice.
First-place votes in parentheses.
Football coaches' poll
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Which Industries Saw the Most Workers Waiting on the Sidelines During the Recession?
The Urban Institute's Stephan Lindner takes a look at which industries have had the most unemployed workers available per job opening during the recession:
The number of workers available for each position went up in almost every industry during the recession. Construction was a clear outlier, peaking at nearly 30 unemployed workers for every open job in 2009. That ratio still hasn't come down below 10:1. Although not nearly as pronounced, the spike in unemployed manufacturing workers per manufacturing job available also grew more pronounced than others.
I'm not exactly sure how to interpret this chart, other than to say that it's obvious that construction and, to a lesser extent, manufacturing, are the sectors of the economy most sensitive to the business cycle. Interestingly, education and public sector jobs saw almost no increase in the ratio of unemployed workers to open jobs at the start of the recession, and that number has only crept up slightly as the public sector has retrenched over the past few years to bring state and local budgets into balance.


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Less than a month after Boise State announced it would stay in the Mountain West Conference, San Diego State has followed suit.
The Aztecs, like the Broncos before them, will forgo a move to the Big East in favor of staying in its current conference, the school announced Wednesday afternoon.
Media reports surfaced that morning that San Diego State was preparing to sever ties with the Big East, and the Mountain West presidents voted to approve the Aztecs' inclusion in the afternoon.
San Diego State will not pay an exit fee. Its contract with the Big East allowed it to leave if it had no conference foes West of the Rocky Mountains.
The move brings the MWC to 12 football-playing programs, setting up an opportunity for divisions and a conference championship game. It coincides with the Mountain West getting a new, more flexible television contract to go with its newfound solid footing.
The football membership includes Air Force, Colorado State, Fresno STate, Nevada, New Mexico, UNLV and Wyoming. Hawaii is a football-only member, and Utah State and San Jose State will join next year.


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The CQC-7K features a modified tanto blade for both slicing and punching capability. The blade has two finishes: a satin finish on the upper and a stonewashed finish on the grind. The handle's front scale of textured G-10 offers a secure grip and the handle's stainless steel back has a solid frame lock.
The CQC-7K is a manual opener using either the thumb disk or the patented Emerson "wave shaped feature." This opening feature enables the knife to be opened as it is removed from the pocket. By the time the knife has been fully withdrawn from the pocket, the blade is deployed and ready for use. A small wave-shaped tab on the top of the blade is built to catch on the pocket seam, opening the knife as it comes out of the pocket. This instant-open feature is a favorite among military, rescue, and law enforcement knife users.
The pocketclip is reversible for left- or right-handed carry.
Manual: There is no mechanical assist, such as SpeedSafe, used to open the folding knife. It opens the classic, old-school way.
Frame Lock: A portion of the handle (the knife frame) moves behind the blade to lock it into position during use. This is a safety feature of the knife.
Special discounts may apply for high volume sales.
Contact our Bids & Quotes department for more information.


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- Box of Hamburger Helper Ultimate Beef Stroganoff
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MANDATORY ENTRY: Which of the two new Hamburger Helper varieties is your family most looking forward to trying for a convenient and delicious meal? (1 entry)
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A grapefruit-sized hailstone that hit Oahu, Hawaii, on March 9 has been confirmed as the largest hailstone on record in Hawaii.
"The final measurement of the hailstone was 4 1/4 inches long, 2 1/4 inches tall, and 2 inches wide," said Michael Cantin, a National Weather Service meteorologist who confirmed the new state record. "According to hail report records for Hawaii kept back to 1950, the previous state record hailstone was 1 inch in diameter."
The record-setting hailstone was dropped by a supercell thunderstorm on the windward side of Oahu and produced large hail in Kaneohe and Kailua. Supercells are the largest, strongest and longest-lasting thunderstorms. Numerous reports of hail with diameters of 2 to 3 inches and greater were reported.
Only eight times since records began has hail of the size of a penny (diameter of 3/4 inch) or a quarter (one inch) been reported in Hawaii, and there is no record of hail larger than one inch in diameter. This is because ingredients to form hail larger than an inch are extremely rare.
Supercell thunderstorms and tornadoes are also both quite rare in Hawaii. The same hail-producing supercell produced a confirmed EF-0 tornado on March 9, with winds of 60-70 mph in Lanikai and Enchanted Lakes on Oahu.
A hailstone that hit Vivian, S.D., on July 23, 2010, holds the U.S record for having the largest diameter (8 inches) and for weighing the most (1.9 pounds). A hailstone in Aurora, Neb., on June 22, 2003, set the nation's record for the largest circumference (18.75 inches).
Visit Science Fair for your daily dose of scientific news, from dinosaurs to distant galaxies. Science Fair is written by science reporters Dan Vergano and Elizabeth Weise and weather reporter Doyle Rice. Their subjects are often controversial -- and always fascinating -- be they stem-cell research, slime mold, or underground slush on Mars. More about the team


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DAPHNIS ET CHLO… - Ballet en un acte et trois parties
1er tableau. Une prairie ŗ la lisiŤre d'un bois sacrť.
1. Introduction et danse religieuse
2. Danse gťnťrale
3. Danse grotesque de Dorcon
4. Danse lťgŤre et gracieuse de Daphnis
5. Danse de Lycťion
6. Nocturne. Danse lente et mystťrieuse des Nymphes
2e tableau. Camp des pirates.
7. Introduction
8. Danse guerriŤre
9. Danse suppliante de Chloť
3e tableau. Paysage du 1er tableau, ŗ la fin de la nuit.
10. Lever du jour
11. Pantomime (Les amours de Pan et Syrinx)
12. Danse gťnťrale (Bacchanale)
Daphnis et Chloť was written to a commission from Serge de Diaghilev which Ravel received probably in 1909. The Ballets Russes were enjoying an immense success during their first Paris season, and Diaghilev was eager to secure new works for the following year from leading French composers. Ravel started work in June 1909, using a treatment of the ancient Greek novel by Longus, which had been prepared by the choreographer Mikhail Fokine. Progress was fitful however, and it was another three years before the work reached the stage.
Ravel described Daphnis et Chloť as a "symphonie chorťgraphique" - though Diaghilev complained that it was more "symphonique" than "chorťgraphique" (Marnat [1986], p.343). At around 55 minutes, it is Ravel's longest work, and it is scored for a large orchestra (including 15 types of percussion) with a (wordless) mixed chorus, heard onstage and offstage. [This last was the cause of a public dispute when Diaghilev staged the work in London without chorus; Ravel wrote a scathing letter which was published in The Times and other London papers (June 1914).]
There was from the outset a difference in concept between Fokine, who wanted to capture the pagan imagery of ancient Greek vases, and Ravel who was inspired by scenes of 18th century painting ("la GrŤce de mes rÍves, qui s'apparente assez volontiers ŗ celle qu'ont imaginťe et dťpeinte des artistes franÁais de la fin du XVIIIe siŤcle." Ravel [1938]). It has been argued that the eroticism of Longus' original text, and perhaps of Fokine's vision, was alien to Ravel's temperament and experience, and that the ballet is an unconvincingly chaste rendering of an exuberant love story (Larner [1996], p.128-130). At the very least, Ravel's portrayal of sexual passion is discreet, and it is for the listener to judge how far his melodies and their orchestration may still fire the imagination.
Rehearsals for the stage production were stormy, with tensions between Nijinsky (dancing the role of Daphnis), Diaghilev, and Fokine (who left the company at the end of that season). The premiŤre, on 8 June 1912 at the Thť'tre du Ch'telet, came only ten days after the first performance, on the same stage, of the ballet on "Prťlude ŗ l'AprŤs-midi d'un faun", in which Nijinsky's masturbatory finale had caused a furore. Daphnis et Chloť received only two performances in that season, and its initial impact was muted, at least in comparison with Stravinsky's L'Oiseau de feu and Petrouchka, unveiled in the previous two seasons of the Ballets Russes.
Daphnis et Chloť has perhaps had its greatest success in concerts and recordings, in which its orchestral virtuosity and organic structure can be most fully explored. There are also two orchestral suites drawn with little alteration from the full score:
†††† Suite d'orchestre no.1 ("Nocturne", "Interlude", "Danse guerriŤre")
†††† Suite d'orchestre no.2 ("Lever du jour", "Pantomime", "Danse gťnťrale / Bacchanale").


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Jody Werner and Murray
Child/Adult Regional Medal Finals Champion
Woodside Fall Finale Horse Show
Mailing Address:
Hugh C. White
P.O. Box 781
Penngrove, CA. 94951
Barn: 707-782-0238
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Hugh's Photo Album
Hugh's program of classical training methods and sound
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short stirrup ring to the Grand Prix field. Hr has found, started and brought
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Hugh is a fourth generation horseman. He grew up breaking
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Some of Hugh's career highlights include top placings in Grand Prix in Texas, Colorado, Arizona and California. He won the 1992 $10,000 Napa Valley Classic on
The Patriot. He coached the winner of the 1995 Almaden Medal Finals, and is students have won numerous hunter, equitation and jumper championships, and placed at the top of their divisions at the NORCAL year end awards. Horses that Hugh has started have gone onto win numerous USAE, PCHA
and local championships.
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Email: email@example.com
Barn: 707-782-0238
Cell: 707-328-2959
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Stanley's Famous Pit BBQ Gives East Texas Another Chance to See Great Music
It is a great improvement to the city of Tyler to have, not just live music, but great live music. Every Friday night, Stanley's Famous Pit BBQ is bringing this improvement to Tyler. Gone are the days wondering what you can do in town for the weekend. Tomorrow night will be no exception. Stanley's is bringing another great Texas band.


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Ebene Perfume
By Pierre Balmain for Women
Ebene Perfume by Pierre Balmain, This is an oriental fragrance for men, a classic masculine scent . Top notes are herbaceous with artemesia, basil,juniper and spearmint. The middle notes are a blend of rose with spicy cinnamon and earthy patchouli. The base notes are leather, moss, labdanum, and amber.the overall effect is elegance with dark and woody nuances. All products are original, authentic name brands. We do not sell knockoffs or imitations. ... Read More
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About Pierre Balmain
History and background of Pierre Balmain. Pierre Balmain was born in 1914 in St. Jean de Maurienne, a small village not far from Aix-les-Bains a fashionable resort in the Savoy Mountains of France. His family owned a wholesale drapery business. His mother Fracoise, worked at a boutique managed by her two sisters. Balmain's father died when he was only 7 years old Read more about Pierre Balmain
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text:
Ever since the launch of Yamaha's Hyper Modified project in 2011, talented motorcycle customizers from all over the world have drawn inspiration from the machines created under this concept. By pushing the boundaries of design and technology further than ever before, Roland Sands, Ludovic Lazareth and Marcus Walz have demonstrated what can be achieved when their creativity is given no boundaries to restrain it.
Last year Yamaha extended this concept even further by introducing the world to Yard Built specials. Pioneered by Roland Sands, Wrenchmonkees and Deus Ex Machina, the Yard Built project was designed to provide inspirational ideas on how to transform modern Yamaha models into unique customized motorcycles. Having completed their own individual special, each builder was then given the opportunity to produce unique aftermarket kits and sell them to Yamaha customers - allowing those who once only dreamed of building their own special to fulfill their ambition.
This year Yamaha has combined the concepts of Yard Built and Hyper Modified into a new philosophy – Joint Built. Inspired by the high-end customisation of the Hyper Modified machines, but encompassing the back street earthiness of the Yard Built projects, Joint Built aims to encourage owners to modify their Yamaha motorcycles to give them a truly personalized look.
You don't have to go as far as the Hyper Modified machines to gain your own bespoke Yamaha, however with the help of the Yard Built builders and the foresight of the Hyper Modified creators, all Yamaha riders now have the opportunity to put their own individual stamp on their motorcycle.


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The bird and the bee, the duo comprised of Inara George and Grammy-nominated producer Greg Kurstin, will release "Guiltless Pleasures Volume 1: A Tribute to Daryl Hall and John Oates" on March 23.
As you know, Hall & Oates are undergoing a bit of a resurgence, whether it"s being nominated for a Grammy for best pop vocal by a duo or group this year or having "Your Kiss is on My List" as the centerpiece musical number in "(500) Days of Summer" or the ongoing campaign to have the Philly soul pair inducted into the Rock & Roll Hall of Fame.
No firm plans on if there will be more in the series, according to a band rep. Like most things, it probably depends upon how well Vol. 1 sells.
1. Heard It On The Radio
2. I Can"t Go For That
3. Rich Girl
4. Sara Smile
5. Kiss On My List
6. Maneater
7. She"s Gone
8. Private Eyes
9. One on One


text:
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text:
An Arts degree is a leadership degree and valuable in the workforce. However, building your career isn't just about getting a degree. Learn how to share your knowledge and talents with others by taking the lead at UBC.
Opportunities in Arts
Be a Participant or Volunteer:
- Peer Programs – Find peer help or attend an event
- Arts Tri-Mentoring Program – Find an alumni mentor
- Student Associations/Clubs in Arts – Attend an event
Participate as a Planning Committee Member:
- Arts Co-op Students' Association – Become an executive
- Peer Programs – Become a peer leader
- Arts Tri-Mentoring Program – Become a student coordinator
- Arts Undergraduate Society (AUS) – Become a student coordinator
- Orientations (Imagine Day) – Become a MUG Leader or Squad Leader
- Student Associations/Clubs in Arts – Become an executive or start your own
For more opportunities on campus, visit the Centre for Student Involvement + Careers.


text:
A Birkenhead man who stabbed his estranged wife's boyfriend to death has been jailed for life.
A judge ordered war games enthusiast Wayne Smith to serve a minimum of 28 years before he can apply for parole after a jury convicted him of murder.
In a chilling plan 38-year-old Smith travelled by train to Jon Britton's home in Paton Close, West Kirby, and stabbed him in the neck and chest with a carving knife after he answered the door.
During his trial a jury at Liverpool Crown Court heard how obsessed Smith hated Mr Britton because he blamed him for breaking up his marriage to Sarah Arbon, and feared he was developing a close relationship with their daughter.
Smith, a father-of-three, of Seymour Street, Birkenhead, had carefully planned the murder and as well as disguising himself with a hooded jacket he set up a false alibi with his friend Steven Hatton.
On the fatal night, December 3 last year, he went to Hatton's home in Tranmere to play a board war game but while there he changed his clothes and went to Mr Britton's home.
When he answered the door Mr Britton, a talented musician who was rehearsing with two friends, was stabbed to death with such force that the knife broke in two.
Smith fled and caught the train back to Birkenhead, but near the murder scene he discarded a hood and snood he had been wearing.
It was later recovered by a policeman walking his dog and found to have a one-in-a-billion match for his DNA.
After he returned to Hatton's home in Elmswood Road, Birkenhead, he confessed to Hatton and got him to hide his jacket in a suitcase.
They then went to a nearby chippy where Smith, wearing the clothes he had left his home in, knew he would be seen on CCTV, helping his alibi.
But CCTV footage from various cameras including the train to and from West Kirby helped prove his incriminating movements that night and at one point he was clearly seen with his snood lowered.
He was arrested the next day as a prime suspect having made threats that he would kill Mr Smith, a 43-year-old landscape gardener, in the months before his death.
He said he had been with 23-year-old Hatton who initially backed up his story but then admitted he was lying.
Sentencing him, after the jury of six women and six men returned their majority verdict of ten to two, the judge Mrs Justice Carr described the murder was "cold blooded and premeditated".
She said he had set up a sophisticated alibi involving Hatton, whom she jailed for six months.
She told computer expert Smith, "The motive for this dreadful crime was your obsessive hatred for Mr Britton, whom you saw as having stolen your wife, Sarah Arbon, from you.
"You could not bear the fact that your young daughter was building a relationship with Mr Britton.
"Your behaviour in the aftermath of your relationship with Ms Arbon and indeed in the aftermath of your relationship with another former partner, Kirsty Smith, went well beyond normal jealousy.
"You used your considerable computer, technical and strategy skills to spy on these women to the extent of putting a recording dictaphone in Ms Arbon's bag.
"In denying your involvement in this attack you told the jury a sophisticated arrogant pack of lies. The evidence against you was overwhelming, in terms of motive, identification and your false alibi."
The judge described Mr Britton as "one of the genuinely nice guys", saying: "Whatever personal and emotional turmoil you were in as a result of the breakdown of your relationship with Ms Arbon or Mr Britton's developing relationship with your daughter, nothing that the court has been told about you and your circumstances could possibly justify your actions that day."
The jury of six women and six men returned their majority verdict of ten to two after 21 hours deliberations after the two week long trial.
Hatton had pleaded guilty to assisting an offender and attempting to pervert the course of justice.
He gave evidence for the prosecution and said that when Smith confessed he was shocked and "went into panic mode".
The unemployed construction worker described Smith, whom he had known since he was 14 after meeting at a gaming club in Bebington, as his best friend and as a father figure.
He said he was ashamed of not coming forward with his information sooner and had done all he could to set that right.
The judge told Hatton, who shook in the dock as he was jailed for six months, that he would have been jailed for a year but for his guilty plea and the assistance he had given to the prosecution.
She told him: "You chose not to do the right thing on December 4. You were fully aware of the impact of your decision."
After sentence was passed, Mr Britton's family issued the following statement:
"The murder of our son, Jon Britton, on December 3 2013, has left an extensive trail of victims whose lives have been changed irreversibly.
The law has now taken its course. We have not won. We have lost. We have lost our dear Jon.
Nothing will change that. Nothing will bring him back.
Sitting through the trial has been hard, often distressing, especially hearing graphic descriptions and seeing and hearing recordings of actual events.
It has also been frustrating to hear things said about Jon when he is not here to defend himself, including the insinuations that he used drugs, which were not true.
The support of family and friends during the trial, and indeed over the past six months, has given us strength to bear the unbearable. Words cannot express our gratitude to them.
There are many others we wish to thank – DI Tivendale and his team for their painstaking investigations; our family liaison officer DC Karen Nixon for the help and support she has given us; Mr Riley of the Crown Prosecution Service; Mo, Trish and Amna from the Victim Support Service and Mr Reardon, her Ladyship the Judge and the members of the jury who sat through the trial.
Time has not diminished the pain of our loss. For us and many others, life will never be the same without Jon.
He was a very special person. We will always miss him terribly."


text:
Archives Service Center - News
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Jun 27, 2011
ASC Launches New Pittsburgh Speech & Society Project Website
The revamped Pittsburgh Speech & Society Project Website focuses on disseminating research and educational materials relevant to the Pittsburgh dialect and now includes conversational interviews that capture examples of such dialect. We are grateful to Dr. Barbara Johnstone, Professor of Linguistics and Rhetoric at Carnegie Mellon University, who conducted the project (along with Dr. Scott F. Kiesling, Associate Professor of Linguistics at Pitt) and donated the interviews to the Archives Service Center and subsequently partnered with us to create the new site.


text:
Gods & Religion: Fragment from a Woman's Coffin
A falcon-headed
god wearing a solar disk crown and seated upon a throne forms the primary
decorative device on this painted coffin fragment. The inscription
in front of the deity identifies him as Re-Horakhty-Atum, the god central
in creation myths. To the ancient Egyptians, before the world appeared,
only a dark, watery, void defined by eight gods and goddesses existed.
Then Re, the sun god, rose out of this primordial water and established
land. He gave birth to the god Shu and the goddesses Tefnet and Maat,
and in some versions his tears became mankind. Thus divine cosmic order
came into being.
Re had several aspects: Khepri, the morning; Horakhty,
the midday; and Atum, the afternoon. Although Re-Horakhty-Atum was not a funerary god, during Dynasty XXI
(ca. 1070-945 B.C.) with increasing frequency he replaced Osiris in the traditional offering formula. This
shift accounts for his presence on this piece.
Although many ancient
Egyptian coffins were decorated, the brightly colored and elaborately
embellished Third Intermediate Period coffins seem to have been particular
favorites of late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century art collectors.
Of the many hundreds of coffin fragments of this type, most show complete
scenes or figures of gods; rarely do we see, for example, incomplete portions
of two scenes. This observation suggests that during the early days of
collecting, when someone located a coffin outside of an archaeological
excavation he carefully chopped it up into vignettes. The finder knew
he could realize a greater profit from several pieces than from one whole
object. This fragment of an anthropoid coffin, intended for a woman, is
such a piece.
Fragment from a Woman's
(gessoed wood, paint)
Dynasty XXI
(ca. 1070-945 B.C.)
Provenience unknown
Length 46 cm; width 22.5 cm
Excerpted from Reflections of Greatness:
Ancient Egypt at The Carnegie Museum of Natural History by Diana Craig Patch.
© 1990 The Board of Trustees, Carnegie Institute.


text:
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text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Publication date
|Jul 24, 1973
|Filing date
|Dec 14, 1971
|Priority date
|Feb 26, 1970
|Publication number
|K Lehovec
|Original Assignee
|K Lehovec
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (3), Referenced by (21), Classifications (18)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
United States Patent 1 Lehovec [4 1 July 24, 1973 [54] ARRAYS OF ELECTRO-OPTICAL 3,465,159 9/l969 Stern 250/2l l J LE EN S AND ASSOCIATED ELECTRIC 3,535,532 10/1970 Merryman l. 250/2ll J CIRCUITRY Inventor: Kurt Lehovec, ll Woodlawn Dr.,
Primary Examiner-James W. Lawrence wimamstown, Mass 01267 Assistant Examiner T. N. Grlgsby [22] Filed: Dec. 14, 1971 [57] ABSTRACT [211 App! 207386 A solid material in shape of a parallelepipedon carries Relat d US. A li ti D t on one of its major surfaces at set of electric circuits, [62] Division of Sen No. 14 362 Feb 26 1970 each connected to an electro-optical element for en- 3,63l,25l. ergy conversion between electric and radiative modes. The electro-optical elements are arranged in a row near 52 us. Cl. 250/208, 250/220 M, 315/169 major edge of the parallelepipedon in Such a manner 5 Int CL 0 39/12, 05 37/00, 5 39/00 that said radiative mode is directed perpendicular to 581 Field of Search 250/220 MX, 208, said edge thus defining a row of Points for light emis- 250/209 211 315/169 sion, reception or modulation along said edge. A set of such parallelepipedons is stacked to provide a two- 5 R f n Cited dimensional array of such points for light emission, re
UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,998,546 8/1961 Kuntz..'. 3l5/169 5 Claims, 11 Drawing Figures 92 3 l0! 9/ C s 96 L 1 2 95 f s 1 :7 Q l J 1 1/5 M5 v r\ r I14 /0/ i L in 9 9 a 9 //3 I03 PATENTEDJULZMSH 3. 748,479
SHEET 3 or 4 1/5 IOS l ARRAYS OF ELECTRO-OPTICAL ELEMENTS AND ASSOCIATED ELECTRIC CIRCUITRY CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION This is a divisional case of my US. Patent application Ser. No. 14,362, filed Feb. 26, 1970 and now Pat. No. 3,631,251.
BACKGROUND OF INVENTION This invention deals with the physical arrangement of electro-optical components and of associated electrical circuitry in electro-optical structures. In particular, this invention deals with the arrangement of large numbers of identical electro-optical elements, each combined with its own electric circuitry into one or twodimensional arrays.
Electro-optical structures are hereafter defined as structures comprising electric circuitry functionally connected with electro-optical elements for purpose of generation of light, transformation of light into electric signals or modulation of light by electrical means. Optical means for focussing light in conjunction with the above-mentioned elements may or may not be part of these structures.
Two-dimensional arrays of electrically stimulated light emitters are well-known for display panels. Twodimensional arrays of photocells are well-known for conversion of optical images into television signals. In many cases, these electro-optical elements are activated in sequence by aclock circuit and electrical processing of the optical signal emitted or received occurs in a stage common to all elements.
Provision of each electro-optical element with its own electrical processing stage has definite advantages. For instance, amplification of a weak electrical signal immediately adjacent to a photocell suppresses noise pickup or cross talk which may enter during transport of non-amplified weak signals to clock circuitry in the case that amplification occurs in a common stage after the clock circuit.
Hitherto, it has not been practical to provide each electro-optical element with its individual electrical circuits for the following reasons: First, cost appeared prohibitive until recently, when microcircuit technology became available. Second, space consideration appeared to exclude such an arrangement, considering that electro-optical elements are frequently spaced only about a mil apart in an array.
Electro-optical arrays such as used for television involve a very large number of identical elements, of the order of 1,000,000, and failure of only a few of these elements leads to total reject. My invention teaches the assembling of two-dimensional arrays from a set of linear arrays, which enables pretesting, and rejection of smaller entities if found faulty, thereby saving cost.
It is an objective of this invention to teach a new and advantageous arrangement for an array of electrooptical elements at close spacing, each comprising its associated electrical circuitry.
It is a further objective of this invention to teach a new and advantageous assembly of linear rows of electro-optical elements, each with associated electric circuitry, into two-dimensional arrays.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Briefly, the invention consists in arranging the electro-optical elements at or near one of the small faces of a rectangular slab with planar microcircuitry associated with each of said electro-optical elements at an adjoin ing major face of said slab. Typically, a linear row of electro-optical elements may be arranged along an edge of a slab, the associate circuitry to each element on the major face of the slab and extending in direction normal to said edge. Several such slabs can be stacked side by side with suitable insulation between them, thus providing a two-dimensional array of electro-optical elements. Contacts can be conveniently located at a major edge spaced from edge near which the electrooptical elements are located, with the second common contact being the bulk of the conducting slab.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS FIG. 1 shows a monolithic electro-optical structure according to this invention for transforming incident light into electric current.
FIG. 2 shows the prior art circuit pertaining to the structure of FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 shows a monolithic electro-optical structure according to this invention for generation of light flashes from a linear array of points.
FIG. 4 shows a hybrid electro-optical structure according to this invention for generation of light from a linear array of points.
FIG. 5 shows a structure according to this invention for electric modulation of the intensity of reflected light at a linear array of points.
FIG. 6 shows a structure according to this invention having a linear array of optical-image forming means of the refractive type, each with an associated electrooptical element and with an electric circuit.
FIG. 7 shows another structure according to this invention having a linear array of image-forming means of the diffractive type, each with an associated electrooptical element and with an electric circuit.
FIG. 8 shows the arrangement of several structures as shown in FIG. 7 into a two-dimensional array of imageforming means.
FIG. 9 shows another arrangement according to this invention of individual slabs each with a linear array of electro-optical elements to produce a two-dimensional array.
FIG. 10 shows still another arrangement according to this invention of individual slabs each having a linear array of optical means and of electro-optical elements to produce a two-dimensional array.
FIG. 11 shows the pre-assembly stage of structures with linear rows of light-modulating elements into a two-dimensional array arrangement of type of FIG. 10.
PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Referring to FIG. I, there is shown a silicon slab l of edges :1, b, c having p-n junction photocells 2, 2' between n-bulk l6 and p-regions 28, 28' on its face 3 of area a X c exposed to incident light marked by the arrows 4 and 4'. The large face 5 of area b X c carries an electric circuit 6 for amplification of the electric signal generated by 2 in response to 4. A diagram of circuit 6 is shown in FIG. 2 and consists of a resistor 7, nchannel insulated gate field effect transistor 8, the connections 10, 11 and 12 to power supply 13 and output load 14. Illumination of 2 increases the potential of gate 15 of 8 and thus increases current through output load 14 between terminals 10 and 12.
The circuit of FIG. 2 is realized in FIG. 1 by the n-p-n structure of n-bulk 16 with p-island 17 within which are n-islands I8 and 19, and the overlaid silicon oxide which carries metallized gate 15 and metallized resistor 7. Contact lines 21, 22 and 23 extend over the oxide to connect 2 with 15 and terminals 11 and 12. Terminal 10 is a contact to the n-body 16. Buried and exposed p-n junctions are indicated by dotted lines. The p-n junction between 16 and 17- isolates 2 from 8. Contact lines 21 and 22 are insulated from each other at their crossover. Another identical structure is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 and elements thereof are designated by primed numbers.
FIG. 3 shows the layout of a light emitting p-n junction diode with associated circuitry according to this invention on slab 31 of p-type Ga-As-P. The light emitting junction 30 borders the small surface 32 of area a X c of 31. Portions of large surface 33 of area b X c of 31 are overlaid with an epitaxial n-layer of Ga-As-P, indicated by 34 and 35. N-layer 35 carries p-island 36 within which lies n-island 37, so that 31, 35, 36, 37 represent a p-n-p-n semiconducting controlled rectifier 38. P-region 36 of SCR 38 is connected to n-region 34 of light emitting junction 30 by path 39, which is insulated from substrate surface 33 by insulating film 44. N- region 37 is connected by line to capacitor 46, and over resistor 40 to terminal 41. Dielectric of capacitor 46 is insulating film 47 and other electrode of capacitor is underlying p-region 33. Film 47 also insulates 40 and 41 from p-substrate 31. Other terminal of circuit is contact 42 to 31.
Application of positive d. 0. potential at 42 with respect to 41 charges capacitor 46 over resistor 40. As voltage across 46 builds up, p-n junction 30 connected to 46 over p-region 36 of SCR 38 becomes conducting and emits light. However, current through 30 triggers SCR 38 which discharges 46 and cycle repeats itself. Result is a sequence of light flashes 48.
Microcircuits and structures of light emitting and light sensing electro-optical components will not be detailed in the following illustrations of the preferred embodiments. We shall elucidate the inventive concept of the geometrical arrangement of arrays of such microcircuits and electro-optical structures.
While examples so far have been of monolithic design, i. e., electro-optical element and electric circuit were portions of same single crystal slab, my invention encompasses hybrid structure comprising electrooptical elements and circuits of different materials. FIG. 4 shows a single crystal slab of p-type silicon 50 of side length a, b, c having on one of its major surfaces 51 of area b X c a set of planar microcircuits 52, 52', 52" terminating at contacts 53, 53', 53". These microcircuits are located on n-type islands of 50 and are insulated from each other and from p-type bulk of 50 by p-n junctions 54, 54' and 54". A face of area a X c of 50 is overlaid with strip of p-type Ga? 56 carrying on its upper surface the light emitting p-n diodes 57, 57, 57", which are connected to circuits 52, 52' and 52" by lines 58, 58' and 58", respectively. Other contact to diodes is through 56 and 50 by common terminal 59. 61 is an insulating film of SiO separating 58 from p-substrates 50 and 56. Circuit 52 can be the SCR capacitor and resistor combination of FIG. 3 or any one of many circuits commonly employed with light emitting diodes 57.
FIG. 5 illustrates the arrangement according to this invention of an array of light modulating elements each having associated electrical circuitry. The light modulating element is a liquid crystal cell as described by Williams in U.S. Pat. No. 3,322,485. The silicon slab 76 is sandwiched between insulating transparent walls 62, 63 extending beyond the upper surface 64 of 76. Insulating transparent wall 65 and ceiling 66 together with 62, 63 and 64 create a boxlike hermetically sealed enclosure 77 containing liquid crystal. Inside portions of upper wall 66 are provided with transparent conducting staneous oxide coatings 67, 67, etc. Contact lines 68, 68, etc. to 67 and 67' are located on outer surface of 62 and connect to planar microcircuits 69, 69 located on silicon surface 78 part of which is substrate to 62. Lines 70, 70 connect these microcircuits to external contacts 71, 71'. Contact 72 to 76 is common terminal for all liquid crystal cells. p-n junctions 73, 73 insulate n-substrates of microcircuits 69, 69 from pbulk of 76. Circuit 69 can be a flip-flop or any other of the many circuits useful in conjunction with liquid crystal cells. Incident light beams 74, 74' are reflected into outgoing beams 75, 75' at surface 64 of silicon slab and intensity of outgoing beam 75 is modulated by voltage between 67 and silicon substrate surface 64. This voltage is applied through terminals 72 and 71 and processed by microcircuit 69 before reaching 67 through lead 68.
The preferred embodiments described in FIGS. 1, 3, 4 and 5 contained a row of photocells, light emitters or light modulators arranged along the major edge 0 of a parallelepipedon with a row of corresponding circuitry on the adjoining major face.
The preferred embodiments to be described in FIGS. 6 and 7 contain a row of optical image-forming elements arranged along that major edge 0 with associated row of photoelectric and electric circuitry on the adjoining major edge c with associated row of photoelectric and electric circuitry on the adjoining major face. In FIG. 6, the optical image-forming elements are of the refractive type, and are located on said major face of area b X c. They are designed for an incident (or outgoing) sheet of light. In FIG. 7, the optical elements are of the diffractive type and are located on a small face of area a X c. Diffractive optical image-forming means can be used instead of the refractive elements of FIG. 6 and refractive optical image-forming means can be used instead of the diffractive elements of FIG. 7.
FIG. 6 shows a slab of generally p-type silicon with edges of lengths a, b, 0 whose surface 81 contains ntype islands 82, 82', 82" which carry mesa-type elevations 83, 83', 83" of p-silicon, representing p-n junction photoelectric sensors. Planar microcircuits 84, 84, 84" located on 82, 82' and 82" are electrically connected to said sensors and to terminals 85, 85, 85". Portions of 81 are covered with transparent insulating films 86, 86', 86" of SiO, in the region between sensors 83, 83, 83" and upper edge 87. Upper boundaries 88, 88' of 86, 86, 86" are curved to focus incident light beams 89, 89', 89" on sensors 83, 83, 83". p-n junctions between p-bulk of 80 and n-type islands 82, 82', 82" provide insulation between microcircuits 84, 84', and 84".
FIG. 7 illustrates the arrangement of a row of optical elements 91, 92, 93 located on the small face of area a X c of a rectangular n-type silicon slab of dimensions a b c. The side length a, b, c might be of the order of 2, l and 100 mils, respectively.
The optical elements 91, 92, 93 are halves of circular zone plates. The major planar surface 102 of area b X c carries a row of photocells 94, 95, 96 located at image points of the zone plates. Associated microcircuitry 97, 98 and 99 for photocells 94, 95, 96 is also located on surface 102. Each microcircuit extends essentially in b-direction toward contacts 113, 114, 115. Associated circuitry 97, 98, 99 can be amplifiers or any suitable circuits. The circuits 97, 98 and 99 are located on ptype islands and are insulated from each other by p-n junctions 110, 111 and 112. Contact to this circuitry is made by the metal dots 113, 114 and 115 which are located at the bottom section of area a X c, opposite to the optical elements 91, 92 and 93. Other contact is common lead 101 from photocells to n-body contact 116 and contact 117 to the n-body of the wafer on side face of area a X b.
Photocells 94, 95 and 96 must be responsive to radiation focussed by 91, 92 and 93 for which silicon is transparent. The face of area b X c which does not carry circuitry 97, 98 and 99 is coated by SiO -layer 90 for insulation between slabs when stacked as shown in FIG. 8 to provide a two-dimensional array.
FIG. 8 shows slabs 100, 100', 100' of type illustrated in FIG. 7 stacked side by side on an insulating substrate 120. The substrate contains spaced printed contact lines 103, 104 and 105 to which the contacts 113, 114, 115 of wafer 100 and corresponding contacts of wafers 100', 100", etc. are soldered. The lines 103, 104, 105 in conjunction with the contacts 117, 117', 117", etc. provide X-Y access for activating electrically an individual photocell such as 94, 95 or 96.
The photocell elements 94, 95 and 96 in FIG. 7 and 83, 83' and 83" in FIG. 6 can be replaced by light emitters providing a light emitting array. The microcircuit shown in these figures can be any circuits known to be useful in conjunction with sensors or light emitters, including gate circuitry to switch on or off the individual electro-optical elements.
The arrangement of many slabs, each having onedimensional array of electro-optically active points on a small face into a two-dimensional array by stacking as shown in FIG. 8 for the slab of FIG. 7 can be utilized also for the slabs shown in FIGS. 1, 3, 4, and 6.
FIG. 9 shows another preferred embodiment for arranging slabs having one-dimensional arrays of photoelectric elements to provide two-dimensional arrays, according to this invention.
In FIG. 9 there are three identical slabs 130, 130" and 130". Slab 130 has a row oflight emitting elements 121, 122, 123 placed along the direction of the longest edge c and located on a major face of area b X c with associated microcircuits 131, 132 and 133 on the same face. Each microcircuit extends substantially in the bdirection, i. e., at right angles from the direction of the row of light emitting elements. This provides for each microcircuit an area of about I X b, when l is the spacing of light emitting elements. Each microcircuit is electrically connected to one of the light emitting elements 121, 122, 123 and to one of the contacts 141, 142 or 143 (not shown). Other common contact is 125 to bulk of slab 130. Rear surface of slabs is insulated by layer 124. Light emission from 121, 122, 123 occurs orthogonal to surface of area b X c on which emitters are located. Therefore, in stacking slabs 130, 130',
130" to obtain two-dimensional arrays, slabs are displaced against each other along direction of b-edge to expose rows of light emitting elements 121, 122, 123;
121', 122, 123; 121", 122", 123", etc. Contacts 125, 5 125', 125" provide Y-access lines. Contact 141 of slab 130 is connected by line 151 to contacts 141, 141", etc. Similarly, contacts 142, 142', 142" are connected by 152 and so forth to provide X-access lines of an X-Y address system.
The slabs are held together by fixing them to a vertical insulating plate on rear surfaces of area a X b of slabs, not shown in figure.
Light emitting elements 121, 122, 123 can be replaced by light modulating means or by photocells. Examples for these elements and for associated microcircuitry can be taken from FIGS. 1, 3, 4 and 5 with appropriate modifications due to fact that light beams in FIG. 9 are emitted or incident substantially along direction of a-edge (i. e., perpendicular to face of area b X c), while in previous figures light was incident along bedge, i. e., perpendicular to face of area a X c.
In a variation of structure of FIG. 9, light emitting elements 121, 122, 123 can be light emitting p-n junction diodes, located on surface of area a X c, and emitting light in direction parallel to a-edge. The light emitting diodes can be of the mesa-type, such as shown in FIG. 6 for diodes extending from the b X c plane. Only a very small lateral displacement along b-edge in stacking operation would now be required to expose the light emit ted parallel to the a X c-face from the various slabs. This displacement would be of the order of the height of mesa-elevations of light emitting diodes.
FIG. shows the stacking procedure of identical slabs 160, 160, 160" containing rows of optical focussing means 161, 162, 161, 161", etc. photoelectric sensors 171, 172, 171', etc. and microcircuits 181, 182, 181', etc. in circuit connection with these sensors.
Identical combinations of focussing means, sensors and microcircuits are located in each slab, spaced in direction of c-edge. Slabs are stacked along faces of area b X c, with displacement along b-direction to align optical means 161 of slab 160 with sensor 171' of slab 160'. Portion of slab 160 is cut back to show this alignment. Optical means 161 is a zone plate designed to focus monochromatic radiation for which underlying bulk of slab 160 is transparent on sensor 171.
In another preferred embodiment sensor 171 and associated microcircuit 181 are prepared on lower surface of slab 160 rather than upper surface of slab 160', i. e., sensor and associated optical means are located on opposite surface of same slab and their alignment is then independent of precision in displacement of slabs by stacking operation.
The stacking principle demonstrated in FIGS. 9 and 10 is applicable also to light modulating structures. A preferred embodiment is shown in FIG. 11. The individual slab design has been modified somewhat from the corresponding case of FIG. 5, since the light is now substantially incident and reflected in the direction of the a-edge. Components of structure in FIG. 11 have been given numbers of FIG. 5 with digit 2 in front to simplify comparison. Only two slabs are shown in FIG. 11 in a pre-assembly stage. For final assembly, push lower left slab toward upper right slab along horizontal arrow.
P-type silicon slab 276 contains n-type island insulated by junction 273. Microcircuit 269 on n-type island is connected by lead 268 to conducting layer 267, which is one contact to liquid crystal cell for electric modulation of incident and reflected beams 274, 275. Walls of liquid crystal cell of contact 267' on slab 276' is oxide coated face 262 on slab 276 and transparent cover plate 266', and transparent insulating plate 264. Lower surfaces of 266 and 266' are provided with conducting transparent layers 200, 200' which are connected over a lead on a vertical side wall (not shown) to p-bulk of slabs 276 and 276, respectively. Incident light beam 274 is reflected on 267 into light beam 275 and intensity of 275 is modified by electrical potential applied between contacts 272 and 271 fed over microcircuit 269 to electrodes 267 and 200 of liquid crystal cell.
As there are many different circuits, and electrooptical and optical components which might be arranged according to my invention, it should be understood that this invention is not limited by the preferred embodiments described, but encompasses all structures characterized by the following claims.
What is claimed is:
1. A two-dimensional array of electro-optical elements, each said electro-optical element associated with one microcrcuit, said two-dimensional array comprising a stack of slabs of side lengths a b c, each said slab containing a linear row of said electrooptical elements extending substantially along one of its c-edges, with said associated microcircuits extending substantially in the b-direction, said slabs stacked along faces of sides b X c and exposing said linear rows of electro-optical elements.
2. The two-dimensional array of claim 1, whereby there is a common contact to all electro-optical elements on each slab and a separate contact to each electro-optical element on said slab through said associated microcircuit, a common electrical connection among correspondingly located microcircuits on different slabs, whereby said contacts to each slab and said common contacts to all correspondingly located microcircuits on different slabs provide an X-Y address system for each individual electro-optical element.
3. The two-dimensional array of claim 1 where at least a portion of each said photoelectric element is located on a face of side length a X c of said slabs, and said slabs are stacked so that faces of side length a X c are aligned substantially in a plane.
4. The two-dimensional array of claim 1 whereby each of said photoelectric elements is located on a face of side length b X c of said slab, and said photoelectric elements in the stack are exposed by a displacement of said stacks against each other said displacement occurring substantially along the sides of length b.
5. A linear array of photo-optical elements with associated circuitry, said array located on a slab of side lengths a 12 c, whereby said electro-optical elements are aligned along an edge of length c on said slab and are located on a face bounded by edges of length b and c; each said electro-optical element having an associated microcircuit located on said same face bounded by edges of lengths b and c; and each said microcircuit extending substantially in direction parallel to the edges of length b.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Jan 13, 1960
|Aug 29, 1961
|Westinghouse Electric Corp
|Display device
|Jun 27, 1966
|Sep 2, 1969
|Us Army
|Light amplifying device
|Apr 21, 1969
|Oct 20, 1970
|Texas Instruments Inc
|Integrated circuit including light source,photodiode and associated components
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Jun 22, 1972
|Dec 3, 1974
|Eocom Corp
|Adaptive imaging system
|Sep 24, 1973
|Apr 22, 1975
|Texas Instruments Inc
|Light projection coupling of semiconductor type devices through the use of thermally grown or deposited SiO{HD 2 {B films
|May 8, 1974
|Oct 7, 1975
|Northern Electric Co
|Electrical luminescent displays
|Nov 11, 1974
|Jul 20, 1976
|Grumman Aerospace Corporation
|Adaptive imaging system
|Jan 26, 1977
|Aug 8, 1978
|Westinghouse Electric Corp.
|Radiant energy sensor
|Nov 17, 1980
|Oct 5, 1982
|Irvine Sensors Corporation
|Detector array module fabrication
|Jul 25, 1983
|Jul 2, 1985
|Irvine Sensors Corporation
|High-density electronic processing package-structure and fabrication
|Jan 23, 1984
|Nov 5, 1985
|Irvine Sensors Corporation
|Detector array module-structure and fabrication
|Sep 12, 1983
|Mar 11, 1986
|Rockwell International Corporation
|Integrated processor board assembly
|Apr 8, 1985
|Feb 24, 1987
|Irvine Sensors Corporation
|High-density electronic processing package--structure and fabrication
|Sep 13, 1991
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|International Business Machines Corporation
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|Jun 20, 1995
|International Business Machines Corporation
|Multichip integrated circuit packages and systems
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|Mar 26, 1996
|International Business Machines Corporation
|Integrated multichip memory module structure
|Sep 13, 1993
|Oct 1, 1996
|International Business Machines Corporation
|Integrated memory cube structure
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|Endcap chip with conductive, monolithic L-connect for multichip stack
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|Sep 8, 1998
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|Stacked devices for multichip modules
|Mar 22, 2001
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|The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy
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|Nov 1, 1985
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|Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba
|Multi-layered solid-state image sensor for three-dimensional picture image processing
|Jul 22, 1983
|Mar 1, 1984
|Western Electric Co
|Optically coupled integrated circuit array
|Nov 7, 1983
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|Detector array module-structure and fabrication
|U.S. Classification
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification