text:
1Intravenous Opioid Anesthetics: Pruitus
The occurrence of opioid-induced pruritus is well established; however, the mechanism remains to be elucidated. Histamine release does not appear to be the cause, given that certain opioids that do not promote histamine release still cause pruritus. Allergic reactions in the presence of drug solution preservatives also do not account for this phenomenon.
1Opioids: Some Therapeutic Actions
1Ventilation: One consequence of pain/anxiety may be respiratory alkalosis secondary to increased spontaneous ventilation. Hyperventilation can also follow from some brainstem disorders. Management of hyperventilation is provided by opioids by means of reducing both pain and central ventilatory drive. Furthermore, postoperative respiratory dysfunction can follow from inadequate pain relief. Overall, opioid analgesic treatment can enhance synchronous breathing with a reduction in voluntary muscle tone, ultimately improving dynamic total respiratory compliance in awake but mechanically ventilated patients in the ICU setting. Of course, the caveat is that large doses of opioids can reduce pulmonary compliance (increased rigidity) as well as in directly impair ventilation.
1Anti-cough: (antitussive)-- Central mechanisms are responsible for opioid-induced antitussive effects.
In about half of patients receiving IV bolus fentanyl, sufentanil and alfentanil can initiate brief coughing episodes, possibly due to a pulmonary chemoreflex mediated by C-fiber receptors. This cough reflex following opioid injection is not affected by atropine pretreatment, though suggesting a mechanism other than a vagal one. Opioid-induced cough could occur by stimulation of "Ericsson" receptors associated with tracheal smooth muscle. Finally, pretreatment using inhalational - adrenergic agonists decreases the likelihood of IV opioid injection-induced cough.
1Suppression of upper airway, tracheal & lower respiratory tract reflexes: This type of reflex suppression although well accepted is not associated with and elucidated mechanism.
1Opioid-induced suppression of somatic and autonomic reactions associated with endotracheal intubation: opioid administration permits endotracheal intubation without "bucking" or coughing, syndromes that can lead to hypoxemia, hemodynamic instability, hypercarbia and other pathophysiological conditions. Reduced lung volume is associated with bucking and this reduced lung volume along with disturbances in ventilatory pattern can result in nonphysiological gas exchange. Coughing and bucking on emergence might be expected in those patients who received a potent inhalational agent but did not receive opioids. Utilization of opioids, that is proper utilization, can lead to patient awakening without such problems even if the endotracheal tube remains in place.
1Bronchomotor tone: opioids may prevent increased bronchomotor tone. These agents also are helpful in managing dyspnea and other respiratory manifestations associated with asthma and congestive heart failure. Fentanyl, which exhibits antihistaminergic, antiserotonergic, as well as antimuscarinic effects may be more effective than morphine for managing patients with asthma or bronchospastic disorders. Lastly, suctioning-induced tracheobronchial stimulation can induce a pulmonary vasoconstrictive response which may be prevented or reduced by opioids.
1Opioids: Adverse Effects & Non-Therapeutic Effects
1One of the prominent effects of opioids is respiratory depression. Opioid receptors have been found at high concentration in the number of sites in the brain, including the nucleus solitarius, nucleus retroambigualis, and nucleus ambiguus. Opioid induced respiratory effects are mediated by specific chemosensitive brain regions. Opioids also prevent normal physiological function in pontine and medullary respiratory centers.
(The Digital Slice of Life is a cooperative project with the Slice of Life office, KUED Media Solutions, and the Knowledge Weavers Project.) http://medlib.med.utah.edu/kw/
Attribution: Dr. Al Ferguson, Queen's University at Kingston
1-opioid receptors are stimulated by opioids, resulting dose-dependent respiratory depression by means of direct action on brain-stem respiratory centers. CO2 stimulatory effects on ventilation are diminished by opioids and in accordance with this finding, ventilatory slope and occlusion pressure responses to CO2 are diminished with minute ventilatory responses to increases in PaCO2 exhibit curve shifting to the right. The apneic threshold and resting end-tidal PCO2 are increased by opioids
"In this illustration, the slope of line A is approximately 2 L/min/mmHg, although wide range of responses in humans exists. The slope of the ventilatory response to CO2 is reduced to 1 and 0.5 and lines B and C respectively. Lines B and C are also shifted to the right of line A. Line speed and see have the same intercept along the X axis, indicating no displacement or shift of line C compared with line B." (Reference 1)
1Hypoxic ventilatory drive is attenuated by the opioids with carotid body chemoreception and hypoxic drive also blunted or eliminated even by low, analgesic opioid doses. The increased respiratory drive associated with increasing airway resistance is also reduced by opioids. The dose-dependent reduction in spontaneous respiratory rate allows opioid titration to effect in the anesthetized patient. On the other hand, the extent of opioid-induced respiratory depression cannot be reliably judged by only observing respiratory rate, particularly in the postoperative environment. Elimination of spontaneous respiration by the opioids is not necessarily associated with loss of consciousness; therefore, individuals receiving high-dose opioids may be responsive to verbal commands even those which request that they breathe.
1Opioid-induced influences on respiratory rhythm and pattern include the following changes:
irregular and/or periodic breathing
expiratory delay
respiratory pausing
alteration in tidal volume (decreased or increased)
1Onset of respiratory depression following opioid administration:
Peak onset of respiratory depression following morphine (analgesic dose level) is slower than that observed following comparable fentanyl doses (the proportionality is about 30 minutes versus about seven minutes). Explanation for this difference references the lower lipid solubility associated with morphine -- this lower lipid solubility is responsible for morphine plasma concentrations in onset of action being nearly the same following IV versus IM administration. In the immediate postoperative timeframe, the use of morphine as an IV analgesic is therefore perhaps not the best choice.
Duration of respiratory depression -- small doses of morphine induce a respiratory depression that typically lasts longer than that observed following an equipotent fentanyl dose. Another comparison involves IV fentanyl versus meperidine -- in that case IV fentanyl (100 & 200 g/70kg) administration induces respiratory depression that does not last as long as and equipotent meperidine dose (65-75 mg/70kg). In the same study, faster onset in peak effect following fentanyl was noted, compared to meperidine. The shorter onset include recovery associate with fentanyl compared to morphine and meperidine does not obviate the observation that small doses (2g/kg) induces respiratory depression that lasts for a rather longtime (> one hour). By contrast, sufentanil (0.1-0.4 g/kg) administration results in shorter-lasting respiratory depression but longer-lasting analgesia compared to fentanyl (1-4 g/kg).
Initial postoperative respiratory depression is typically not observed when fentanyl (4-8 g/kg) is administered during induction; however, there's a possibility of significant respiratory depression noted five or more hours later. With higher doses of fentanyl (50-100g/kg) persistent respiratory depression may require ventilatory support for 6-18 hours. Moreover, with intermediate dose levels (20-50 g/kg) the possibility of the need of postoperative mechanical ventilation should be considered.
1Recovery of respiratory function
Alfentanil and sufentanil are associated with a more rapid recovery of respiratory function compared to fentanyl -- at least with fentanyl, a possible explanation at the molecular level is the more rapid dissociation of alfentanil from the receptor compared to other agents. This more rapid dissociation has been interpreted to possibly explain a decrease likelihood of respiratory depression.
With remifentanil, independent of dosage, and a residual effects dissipate extremely rapidly (5-15 minutes) following discontinuation of administration.
1Factors that Influence Opioid-Induced Respiratory Depression
1Duration and magnitude of respiratory depression following opioid administration can be influenced by a number of factors.
Factors that increase magnitude and/or duration of opioid-induced respiratory depression include:
Intermittent bolus (by contrast to continuous infusion)
Brain penetration/drug delivery
Distribution ( cardiac output)
Un-ionized fraction (respiratory alkalosis)
Reuptake from the brain (interoperative respiratory alkalosis)
Clearance (hepatic blood flow for example inter-abdominal surgery)
Secondary peaks in plasma opioid concentrations (reuptake of opioid from muscle, lung, fat, intestine reservoir)
Ionized opioid receptor site (postoperative respiratory acidosis)
Metabolic alkalosis
1Sleep: Opioids potentiate the normal right shift of the PaCO2-alveolar ventilation curve, observed during non-REM sleep. Respiratory, cognitive, and hemodynamic anomalies are probably responsible for the hypoxemia associated with sleep postoperative (several days). Natural sleep as well as morphine reduce the thoracic component of breathing with limited effect on the diaphragmatic component. Tonic and phasic upper airway muscle activity associated with breathing is also impair by sleep; this effect may be problematic one patients have an opioid-based anesthetic in the context of surgery which is associated with limited postoperative pain. In this eventuality, seemingly normal breathing while awake can transition to inadequate breathing during sleep. For those patients with impaired abdominal breathing or problems with their airway function (e.g.in significantly obese patients or in patients who exhibit sleep apnea), opioid analgesics may increase the probability of adverse respiratory events.
1Age: Anesthetic and respiratory depressant effects of opioids are more apparent in older patients. Furthermore, older patients exhibit a higher opioid blood concentration as corrected for weight. More frequent incidences of apnea, periodic breathing is well as obstruction following morphine has been reported in older patients relative to young adults. In neonates again with weight adjustment, morphine administration causes a greater degree of respiratory depression relative to the adult patient. This effect is probably due to a more ready penetration by morphine into the neonatal brain due to the underdeveloped blood-brain barrier. The sensitivity of morphine to the extent of blood brain barrier development is probably due to its relatively low intrinsic lipid-solubility which would normally be limiting. By contrast, neonatal patients are not more sensitive to other more lipid-soluble opioid such as fentanyl, sufentanil, or meperidine; the intrinsic lipid solubility then would be more important than the status of the blood-brain barrier.
1Effects of other drugs administered concurrently: opioid-induced respiratory depression would be in hand/prolonged if opioid administration is associated with administration of other CNS the presence which would include potent inhaled anesthetics, barbiturates, benzodiazepines, or ethanol. Bradypnea are apnea can be induced by these drug interactions which depress ventilatory responses to hypercarbia and/or hypoxia. Examples of agents which DO NOT enhance bradypnea or apnea in this setting include droperidol, scopolamine, and clonidine. This conclusion was reached by noting that these agents do not increase fentanyl or other opioid-induced respiratory depression.
1Pain: Respiratory depression may be influenced by pain and/or surgically-induced pain; however, some clinical research findings have not supported this assertion. (1) some postsurgical breathing patterns are not influenced by the level or type of pain relief. (2) sevoflurane-induced sedation that causes ventilatory response depression to hypoxemia is not reversed by acute pain.
1Opioids & Tolerance: Some degree of acute tolerance to respiratory depression secondary to opioid administration can be noted rapidly. However, a longer period, perhaps one half-year of opioid exposure may be required to detect significant tolerance to respiratory-depressant opioid action on hypoxic ventilatory responses. Complicating the consideration is the observation that cross-tolerance to the respiratory depression action of differing opioids may be unpredictable and incomplete.
Abnormal physiological renal function can translate to abnormal opioid activity duration. This result occurs despite the conclusion that opioid action is mainly ended by redistribution and hepatic metabolism. The general idea is that greater respiratory depression can follow from the accumulation of morphine/meperidine/metabolites in the renal insufficiency case.
Postoperative respiratory depression following fentanyl (10 and 25 g/kg) may be prolonged and enhanced by hypocapnic hyperventilation. The opposite consequence is associated with interoperative hypercarbia. These results may be explained by the following:
Increase brain opioid transfer to the brain would be expected with increased uncharged fentanyl (un-ionized) associated with the hypocarbic state
By contrast, increased removal may occur secondary to decrease cerebral blood flow with the hypocarbic state.
Another factor might be reduced hepatic clearance secondary to reduced cardiac output with attenuated hepatic blood flow.
1Bailey, PL, Egan, TD, Stanley, TH, "Intravenous Opioid Anesthetics", in Anesthesia 5th edition, Miller, R.D., editor, Churchill Livingstone, Philadelphia, 2000, 273-377 (references secondarily sourced from this primary reference are noted below in the indented references)
1aLowenstein, E, Hallowell P, Levine FH et al.: Cardiovascular response to large doses of intravenous morphine in man.N. Engl J Med 281:13 89, 1969
1b Stanley, TH, Webster LR; Anesthetic requirements and cardiovascular effects of fentanyl-oxygen and fentanyl-diazepam-oxygen anesthesia in man. Anesth Analg 51:901, 1972.
1c Arens, JR, Benbow, BP, Ochsner JL et al: Morphine anesthesia for the aorto-coronary bypass procedures. Anesth Analg 57: 411, 1978
1d Stanley, TH, Gray NJ, Staford W. et al: The effects of high-dose morphine on fluid and blood requirements in open-heart operations. Anesthesiology 38:536, 1973.
1e Stoelting, RK, Gibbs PS, Creasser CW et al: Hemodynamic in ventilatory response to fentanyl, fentanyl-droperidol, and nitrous oxide in patients with acquired valvular heart disease. Anesthesiology 42:319, 1975.
1f Bowdle, TA, Ward, RJ: Induction of anesthesia with small doses of sufentanil or fentanyl: Dose versus EEG response, speed of onset and thiopental requirement. Anesthesiology 70:26, 1989
1gHecker BR, Lake CL, DiFazio CA et al: The decrease of the minimum alveolar anesthetic concentration produced by sufentanil in rats. Anesth Anal 62:987, 1983.
1hGoldstein,A: Opiate receptors. Life Sci. 14:615, 1974.
1iSnyder SH: Opiate receptors in the brain. N Engl. J Med to 96:266, 1977.
1jMayer, DJ, Wolfle, TL, Akil H et al: Analgesia from electrical stimulation in the brainstem of the rat. Science 174:13 51, 1971.
1kFields, HL: Brainstem mechanisms of pain modulation: Anatomy and physiology. In Herz, A (ed): Opioids II: Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology. Berlin, Springer-Verlag, 1993, p.3.
1lKissin I, Vinik HR, Castillo R et al:Alfentanil potentiates midazolam-induced unconsciousness in subanalgesic doses. Anesth Analg 71:65, 1990
1mMcEwan AI, Smith C, Dyar O et al: Isoflurane minimum alveolar concentration reduction by fentanyl. Anesthesiology 78:864, 1993.
1nBailey, PL, Wilbrink J, Zwanikken P et al: in Anesthetic induction with fentanyl. Anesth. Analg 64:45, 1985.
1oHeier, T, Steen, PA: Assessment of anesthesia depth.Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 40:10 87, 1996.
1pSebel PS Lang E Rampil IJ White PF Cork R Jopling M Smith NT Glass PSA Manberg A multicenter study of bispectral electroencephalogram analysis for monitoring anesthetic effect Anesth. Analg. 84(4) 1997 891-899.
1qJones, JG: Use of evoked responses in the EEG to measure depth of anesthesia. In Lunn J, Rosen M (eds): Consciousness, Awareness and Pain and General Anesthesia. Boston, Butterworth, 1987, p 99.
1rEgan TD, Minto CF, Hermann DJ et al: Remifentanil versus alfentanil: Comparative pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. Anesthesiology 84: 821, 1996.
1sKalkman CJ, Rheineck AR, Bovill JG: of high-does opioid anesthesia on posterior tibial nerve somatosensory cortical evoked potentials: Effects of fentanyl, sufentanil, and alfentanil J Cardiothorrac Anesth 2:758, 1998.
1tAdler, LJ, Fyuulai F, Diehl D, Mintun, M, Winter, PM, Firestone, L Regional brain activity changes associated with fentanyl analgesia elucidated by positron emission tomography. Anesth Analg 1997; 84:120-126.
2Coda, BA, "Opioids" in Clinical Anesthesia, 4th edition, Barash, PG, Cullen, BF, Stoelting, RK, editors, Lipincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, 2001, 345-375
2a Thorpe, DH: Opiate structures and activity: a guide to underlying opioid actions. Anesth Analg 63:143, 1984.
3Gottschalk, A and Smith DS, New Concepts in Acute Pain Therapy: Preemptive Analgesia, American Family Physician, May, 2001 http://www.aafp.org/afp/20010515/1979.html
First figure redrawn with permission by Gottschalk and Smith from: Kehlet H, Dahl JB. The value of "multimodal" or "balanced analgesia" in postoperative pain treatment. Anesth Analg 1993;77:1049.
Second figure redrawn with permission by Gottschalk and Smith from: Woolf CJ, Chong MS. Preemptive analgesia--treating postoperative pain by preventing the establishment of central sensitization. Anesth Analg 1993;77:368.
4Dickenson, AH Spinal cord pharmacology of pain. Br. J. Anaesth. 75: 193, 1995. (references secondarily sourced from this primary reference are noted below in the indented references)
4aBattaglia, G, Rustioni A. Coexistence of glutamate and substance P. and dorsal root ganglion cells of the rat and monkey. Journal of Comparative Neurology 1988; 277:302-312.
4bHaley, JE, Sullivan, AF, Dickenson, AH. Evidence for spinal N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor involvement in prolonged chemical nociception in the rent. Brain Research 1990; 518:218-222.
4cSchiable, HG, Grubb BD, Neugebauer, V, Oppmann M. The effects of NMDA antagonists on neuronal activity in cat spinal cord evoked by acute inflammation in the knee joint. European Journal of Neuroscience, 1991; 3:981-991.
4dWoolf CJ, Thompson, SWN. The induction and maintenance of central sensitization is dependent on N--methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor activation; implications for the treatment of post-injury hypersensitivity states. Pain 1991; 44:293-299.
4eMao, J, Price DD, Hayes, RL, Lu, J, Mayer DJ, Frank H. Intrathecal treatment with dextrophan or ketamine publicly reduces pain-related behaviors in a rat model of peripheral mononeuropathy. Brain Research 1993; 605:164-168.
4fPrice, DD, Mao, J, Mayer DJ. Central neural mechanisms of normal in abnormal pain states. In: Fields, HL, Lebeskind, JC, eds. Progress in Pain Research and Management. Seattle:IASP Press, 1994; 61-84.
4gRogawaki MA. Therapeutic potential of excitatory amino acid antagonists; channel blocks and 2,3 benzodiazepines. Trends in Pharmacological Sciences 1993; 14:325-331
4hEide PK, Jorum E, Stubhaug, A, Bremnes J, Breivik H. Relief of post-herpetic neuralgia with the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist ketamine: a double-blind, cross-over comparison with morphine and placebo. Pain 1994; 58:347-354.
4iPrice DD, Mao J, Frenk H, Mayer, DF. Central neural mechanisms of normal in abnormal pain states. In:Fields HL, Lebeskind JC, eds. Progress in Pain Research and Management. Seattle:IASP Press, 1994; 61-84.
4jBesse, D, Lomabard, MC, Zajac, JM, Roques, BP, Besson, JM Pre- and and postsynaptic distribution of mu, delta, and kappa opioid receptors in the superficial layers of the cervical dorsal horn of the rat spinal cord, Brain Research 521 (1-2), June 1990 pp 15-22.
4kKangrga I and Randic M Outflow of endogenous aspartate in glutamate from the rat spinal dorsal horn in vitro by activation of low-and high-threshold primary afferent fibers. Modulation by mu-opioids Brain research 553, 2, July 1991,pp. 347-352.
5Substantia Gelatinosa Image: Courtesy of
The Digital Slice of Life, a cooperative project with the
of Life office, KUED
Media Solutions, and the Knowledge
Weavers Project.
Ross, AF, Gomez, MK, Tinker, JH "Anesthesia for Adult Cardiac Procedures in Principles and Practice of Anesthesiology, 2nd edition, Longnecker, DE, Tinker, JH, Morgan, GE, eds, Mosby, St. Louis, 1998, pp. 1659-1698.
6Two-dimensional & Three Dimensional Images courtesy of CORD Center for Opioid Research and Design http://www.opioid.umn.edu/
7Jaffe, CC, Stewart, WB, Lynch, PJ, Hines, S., Cranial Nerves, Yale University School of Medicine, Center for Advanced Instructional media, (c) 1998 http://info.med.yale.edu/caim/cnerves/contents.html
8Kauffman, AM & Patel M, Center for Cranial Nerve Disorders http://www.umanitoba.ca/cranial_nerves/trigeminal_neuralgia/manuscript/index.html
9Chakrabarti, S, Oppermann, M Gintzler AR Chronic morphine induces the concomitant phosphorylation and altered Association of multiple signaling proteins: A novel mechanism for modulating cell signaling PNAS 98 (7) 4009, 2001
10Brookoff, D Chronic Pain: 1. A New Disease? Hospital Practice July, 2000 http://www.hosppract.com/issues/2000/07/brook.htm
11Protein Structure Study Guide http://www.princeton.edu/~actin/chm543_info.html#Study%20guide%201
12MRC Center for Synaptic Plasticity, University of Bristol, used with permission for non-commercial applications
13Breeze AL, Harvey, TS, Bazzo, R, Campbell ID Solution structure of Human Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide by H NMR and Distance Geometry with Restrained Molecular Dynamics Biochemistry 30:575-582 (1991)
14Heish, JC, Carr, DB "Choosing a Therapeutic Approach: Opioids" in The Massachusetts General Hospital Handbook of Pain Management (Borsook D, LeBel, AA, McPeek, B, eds) Little, Brown and Company, Boston, 1996, pp 47-75.
15Anwari, J. S. & Iqbal, S. (2003)Antihistamines and potentiation of opioid induced sedation and respiratory depression. Anaesthesia 58 (5), 494-495
3aGustafsson LL, Schildt B, Jacobsen KJ. Adverse effects of extradural and intrathecal opiates: Reports of a nationwide survey in Sweden. British Journal of Anaesthesia 1982; 54:479-486.
3bBrockways MS, Nobel DW, Sharwood-smith GH, McClure JH. Are found respiratory depression after extradural fentanyl. British Journal of Anaesthesia 1990; 64:243-245.
3cHolmstrom, B, Rawal N, Axelsson K, Nydahl P. Risk of catheter migration during combined spinal epidural block. Percutaneous epiduroscopy study. Anesthesia and Analgesia 1995; 80:747-753.
16Yli-Hankala,A Will enough isoflurane during surgery replace morphine after surgery? Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica Volume 47 Issue 7 Page 785 - August 2003)
17Gurman GM, Weksler N, Steiner O, Popescu M, Avinoah E, Porath A. The influence of cortical electrical activity level during general anaesthesia on the severity of immediate postoperative pain in the morbidly obese. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2003; 47:804-8
17Soliman E Legatt, AD Somatosensory Evoked Potentials: General Principles eMedicine, http://www.emedicine.com/neuro/topic640.htm, 8/2001.
S, Sloan T., SOMATOSENSORY (SSEP) AND MOTOR EVOKED POTENTIALS (MEP) THE


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All flavors are from Perfumers Apprentice
8% Strawberry
8% Blueberry
5% Sweet Cream
4% Cotton Candy
This recipe is for the fruit lovers recipes vapers. After at least of 5 days of resting, you might try it and… The strawberry flavor from here is very tasty and far better than just vaping by itself. Also, using Cotton Candy as a sweetener is a good choice instead of adding PA sweetener Ethyl Maltol . the rest of the ingredients are just the right choice to make it nice and soft, even using it at 20% flavor as per recipe. Seems like this one is for PG lovers, and if you will try it with VG than just cut it to 15% flavor.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
I was running Windows live Onecare under XP sp2. When I upgraded to Vista,
Onecare would not start. I tried rebooting and it still wouldn't start. I
tried uninstalling Onecare and it wouldn't uninstall. I ran all the
compatibility scans before and during the upgrade and there was no mention of
Onecare being an issue. Otherwise the upgrade went very well. Is there a
way out of this situation other than a clean install of Vista? Thanks


text:
This Policy Memorandum was Canceled June 23, 1999.
|FHWA Policy Memorandums - Office of Engineering
INFORMATION: Implementation of the Territorial Highway Program Under ISTEA
Associate Administrator for
Program Development
Regional Federal Highway Administrators
Regions 1 and 9
The territorial highway program is administered as follows:
Under 23 U.S.C. 215, each territory shall establish, with FHWA approval, a system of arterial and collector highways and interisland connectors, to be called the Federal-aid territorial highway system (THS). Each territory should proceed with its functional classification of highways as required by Section 1006(c) of the 1991 ISTEA. This functional classification should be completed by December 31, 1992.
Once the functional reclassification is completed, the territory will designate a THS and submit it for approval by the division office. This should be completed by June 30, 1993. When the THS is approved, Federal-aid funds can be used for improvements on all routes designated as part of the THS.
In the interim, Federal-aid funds can be used for improvements on the primary system in existence in the territory prior to passage of the ISTEA.
The ISTEA establishes NHS funds as the source of Federal-aid funds available to the territories. The FHWA will continue to divide these funds among the territories based on an administrative formula.
The ISTEA also provides for transferring NHS funds into a Surface Transportation Program (STP). A territory may elect to transfer NHS funds to the STP in accordance with 23 U.S.C. 104(c).
The obligation of funds will be on a project-by-project basis for all types and sizes of projects, regardless of funding source.
In accordance with the provisions of 23 U.S.C. 120(h), the Federal share of any Federal-aid project in the territories shall be 100 percent.
The NHS funds can be used for any activity defined in 23 U.S.C. 103(i). Funds transferred to STP can be used for any activity defined in 23 U.S.C. 133(b) which includes bridges and work activities as described in Section 133(b)(3) and (4) on any public road.
Design standards, including those for traffic control devices, will continue to be approved by the FHWA.
It is expected that projects will be developed and advanced in accordance with standard Federal-aid procedures. The FHWA's role in project review, oversight, and administration will follow the general principles established for NHS funded projects.
A territory has the option of using Federal-aid funds to construct toll facilities under 23 U.S.C. 129. The requirements of Section 129 must be complied with.
For the purposes of 23 U.S.C. 125, the Federal-aid system in the territories will be the THS as established under item 1 above. Section 125(b) was amended by the ISTEA to increase the annual obligation limitation for ER funds for the territories as a group from $5 million to $20 million.
Until the THS is established for a territory, in the interim ER funding will be available for repair of damage to the primary system as it existed in the territory prior to passage of the ISTEA.
An agreement between the Secretary and Governor as discussed in 23 U.S.C. 215(c) is no longer needed since the THS is now funded from authorizations under 23 U.S.C. 103.
Original signed by Thomas O. Willett for:
Anthony R. Kane
This Policy Memorandum was Canceled June 23, 1999.


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TMG-L ArchivesArchiver > TMG > 2000-01 > 0948224670
From: <>
Subject: TMG-L: Wish List - tasks
Date: Tue, 18 Jan 2000 14:44:30 EST
I would like to be able to prioritize tasks. When I take my task lists to an
archive I would like to be able to zip through the most important ones first
and do the others as time permits.
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text:
More Information
Adelaide Airport & Commercial Flights
Adelaide Airport is located 20 minutes drive to the west of the city on Sir Donald Bradman Drive. A taxi fare from the airport to Royal Adelaide Hospital is approximately $20.
When booking your flight please notify the airline if you will require a wheelchair. A medical certificate may be required by the airline if you have had surgery. At Adelaide airport you are sometimes required to walk across the tarmac some distance to your plane. Regional Express Airlines (Rex) provide a lifter to load and unload passengers who are unable to negotiate the stairs of a plane and a small golf buggy to transport you across the tarmac. Please notify the airline if you require this service. Other airlines may not provide the lifter so it is worth checking.
Please ask the staff if you require any assistance with booking flights.
When using commercial airlines and electronic ticketing please ensure that you request a tax invoice at booking.
|Broken Hill
|Regional Express (Rex)
|Regional Express (Rex)
|Coober Pedy
|Regional Express (Rex)
|Regional Express (Rex)
|Leigh Creek
|Air South
|8234 3244
|O'Connor Airlines
|87230666 or 131313
|Regional Express (Rex) via Melbourne
|Mt Gambier
|Regional Express (Rex)
|Mt Gambier
|O'Connor Airlines
|87230666 or 131313
|Olympic Dam
|Regional Express (Rex)
|Pt Augusta
|O'Connor Airlines
|87230666 or 131313
|Pt Lincoln
|Regional Express (Rex)
|Regional Express (Rex)
|O'Connor Airlines
|87230666 or 131313
Note the Regional Express flight are the only flights that have a lifter to assist patients in boarding the aircraft.
Websites for more information and bookings
Admission Procedures
The Royal Adelaide Hospital will provide you with details of where to report on your day of admission. Please remember to bring your Medicare Card, and where applicable, your Health Care Card, pension cards, Repatriation entitlement card, letter from your referring doctor (if applicable), relevant private X-rays and Patient Assisted Travel Form (PATS) if required (see PATS section for more information).
Valuables & Personal effects
Please do not bring any valuables or large sums of money with you. If you do bring valuables however, the nursing staff can assist in organising their safekeeping in the Hospitals central safe. Please remember to organise for them to be collected prior to discharge. The Hospital cannot accept responsibility for the loss of, or damage to, any property you choose to keep at your bedside.
You are required to bring
toiletries such as soap, toothbrush, toothpaste, brush and comb, shaving
gear and tissues. Nightclothes, dressing gown and slippers are ideal if you
have time to pack them. Remember that if you were transferred to the Royal
Adelaide Hospital in a hurry, you will need clothes to wear home when discharged
Baby Changing Facilites
Baby changing facilities are located in the following sites around the hospital. One in each of the male and female toilets.
McEWIN BUILDING, GROUND FLOOR
Adjacent to the main entrance foyer
The locations of these facilities may alter during the hospital redevelopment.
A Bank SA branch is situated in the main entrance of the Hospital. It has easy banking facilities and an automated teller machine (ATM) which is situated on the front wall of the main entrance to the Hospital. The ATM accommodates customers of BankSA, ANZ, National Australia, Adelaide Central Credit Union, Adelaide Bank, VISA, Diners Club, and has Cashcard facilities. Other ATM machines are located in Rundle Street and Rundle Mall.
Bedside Entertainment
RAH bedside entertainment services are provided by Telstra and give patients access to a number of different entertainment options on a pre-paid basis.
These include digital television and radio channels provided on the free-to-air stations, a range of FOXTEL/AUSTAR channels, movies on demand, a dedicated phone line and filtered internet access.
Payment can be made directly at the bedside computer through Visa and MasterCard credit/debit card.
For patients who do not have a credit/debit card, a dedicated EFTPOS terminal is available to purchase
a patient entertainment services package.
There are TVs located in some communal areas for patients to watch free-to-air television at no charge.
Personal radios are permitted if they have earphones.
For more information: RAH bedside entertainment services
Bus Services
To assist in arranging your transport too and from the hospital we have included the following service providers contact numbers. If you require assistance with your arrangements please ask ward staff.
|Adelaide Sightseeing
|8231 4144
|Barossa Adelaide Passenger Service
|8564 3022
|A/H FCT - Festival City Travel
|8564 0325
8415 5589
|Greyhound Pioneer
|132 030
|Hills Transit
|8339 1191
|Mid North Passenger Service
|8826 2346
|Murray Bridge Passenger Service
|8415 5579
|Premier Stateliner Coach Group
|8415 5555
|Sealink - KI Coach Service
|131 301
|Transit Mini Buses / Regency Coaches
|8381 5311
|Yorke Peninsula Passenger Service
|1800 625 099 or 8823 2375
The cafeteria "Revive On Five" is located on Level 5 of the P Wing. It can be accessed from the top of the escalators on Level 5 by following the corridor towards the north wing then turning right and following this corridor. It is situated at the end of this corridor and is open to relatives, patients, staff and visitors.
Chapel and Chaplains
A chapel is located on the ground level, western end of the Residential Wing and is accessible by arrangement. Chaplains and assistants regularly visit wards. Hospital Chapel Services are conducted by the Chaplains every Sunday, starting at 11.00am. All patients, relatives, staff and residents in the Residential Wing are welcome. Volunteers assist in the transportation of patients from the wards in wheelchairs when requested. Please ask the nursing staff if you wish to attend services or arrange for individual visits on the ward. A directory of all contact telephone numbers for different denominations and other religions is kept by the Hospital switchboard, telephone (08) 8222 4000.
Community Passenger Networks
Some areas of rural South Australia have Community Passenger Networks that may be able to assist you in getting to and from Adelaide. Please contact the coordinator of your local service to discuss availability of services and eligibility.
Barossa Regional Community Transport Scheme
Eyre Peninsula Community Transport Network
Pt Lincoln
8683 0551
Hills Community Passenger Network
Mt Barker
8391 7234
Kangaroo Island Community Passenger Network
8553 3231
Mid North Regional Passenger Transport Service
8842 1677
Murray Mallee Community Transport Scheme
Tailem Bend
8572 4288
Northern Passenger Transport Network
8666 2255
Riverland Community Transport Scheme
1800 334 882
South East Community Passenger Network
Mt Gambier
8725 3622
Southern Communities Transport Scheme
Victor Harbor
8551 0760
Yorke Peninsula Community Transport
1300 132 932
Enquiries Desk
Telephone: (08) 8222 5442 or (08) 8222 5444
The Enquiries Desk is located in the main entrance foyer of the Hospital. Enquiries offer a telephone and personal inpatient enquiry service for the general public who require directions, or need to find the location of a patient. This is available from 8.00am to 8.30pm. After hours, please contact Emergency Department on (08) 8222 4210.
External Support Groups
Comprehensive information about community resources and support groups is available from the Social Work Department. Some of these include the Anti-Cancer Foundation and Veterans Affairs. Please ask for assistance from your nursing staff.
Telephone (08) 8232 3007
There is a florist located in the main entrance foyer of the Hospital. A free delivery service operates within the Hospital for items over $20 in value. Credit card facilities are available. The shop is a member of Interflora.
Hairdresser - Hairific
Telephone: (08) 8224 0088
A professional hairdressing salon for men and women is located in the main entrance foyer. Arrangements can be made for a visit on the wards. A range of wigs are also available for those patients with specific medical conditions. A private room and a senior hairdresser are available to assist in cutting and styling wigs. Hairific is supportive of people with medical conditions and treatments that result in hair loss and have some great products to help you through the recovery time.
Interpreting Service
An external interpreting service provides a range of languages including sign language. Aboriginal interpreting services are also available. Inform staff if you require this service to allow you to make informed decisions regarding your treatment. Hospital staff are only used for interpreting in emergency situations.
The Hospital operates an interpreting service for patients and their families to utilise if required. Please feel free to ask nursing staff about this service. For information on these contact the Aboriginal Health Nurse via the hospital switchboard
The kiosk is located at the main entrance, North Terrace, and services include snacks and light refreshments.
The opening hours are as follows:
- Weekdays 8.30am-8.30pm
Coffee window from 7am
- Saturday, Sunday and Public Holidays 10am-4pm
- Closed over Easter and Christmas/New Year holidays
The Hospital does not have facilities for washing your personal belongings. If you do not have friends or relatives in Adelaide to assist with laundry, the Lavender Lads and Ladies operate a limited emergency service for the laundering of night-gowns, pyjamas and underwear only. A small donation covers the costs of materials used. Please inform the nursing staff on the ward if you require assistance.
The RAH Newsagent in the main entrance foyer acts as a collection point for Tip Top Dry Cleaners. Garments for cleaning, if left before 9.30 am, will normally be ready for collection by 10.00am the next day.
Lavender Lads and Ladies
The Lavender Lads and Ladies offer a volunteer service of care and support for all patients attending the Royal Adelaide Hospital, with special emphasis on those without family assistance.
Services include banking, shopping, payment of accounts, care of flowers in wards and delivery of library and large print books and magazines. Regular visits and companionship for patients can also be arranged. Volunteers regularly take a toiletry trolley with essential items to the wards with goods for sale.
If the volunteers can help, please ask a volunteer or nursing staff to call for assistance on telephone extension 24671.
Mail and Postal Facilities
Your mail is delivered to your ward daily. Incoming mail should be addressed as follows:
Your name
Your ward
Royal Adelaide Hospital
North Terrace
When you go home your mail will be forwarded to you. An Australia Post mail box is located on the ground level near the Main Entrance. Hospital staff can also post items for you through the internal mail system which is collected daily.
Telephone: (08) 8222 4709
This service is operated by the Hospital and all profits go to the Research Fund. The newsagent is also an agent for South Australian Lotteries Commission, bus, train and tram tickets, a dry-cleaning service, film processing, phone cards, postage stamps and other postal accessories. A range of gifts are also available.
A privately-operated multi-storey car park is located in the northern part of the hospital grounds. The entrance is on Frome Road. Charges apply. Country patients and relatives can negotiate a weekly rate with the operators which can reduce your parking costs.
Fifteen (15) minute parking is available in the south car park from Monday to Friday to drop-off and collect people who are being admitted or discharged, or attending and outpatient appointment. The entrance to this car park is via North Terrace. On site parking for people with a disability is available.
There are several multi storey car parks south of the hospital on Frome Road and Rundle Street that are within walking distance.
For an updated map of parking areas in close proximity to the Hospital, download the PDF;
Car Parking Areas (File size: 671Kb)
Patient Pick-up Points
Please ask the nursing staff on the ward for the most appropriate place to be collected upon discharge. Short term 15 minute parking is available in different areas of the hospital.
Public Transport
Free bus services, 99B and the City Loop (99C), operate throughout the city square. The City Loop (99C) has a stop directly outside the Royal Adelaide Hospital and stops at various shopping facilities and city attractions, including the Adelaide Railway Station and the Adelaide Central Market. Please contact the Adelaide Metro Transport InfoLine on (08) 8210 1000 for bus timetable information or www.adelaidemetro.com.au. Taxi facilities are available at the main entrance of the hospital on North Terrace.
Country Bus Services
|Greyhound Pioneer
|132 030
|Premier Stateliner Coach Group
|8415 5555
If you require assistance with your arrangements please ask ward staff.
This website has all of the latest routes, timetable and booking details: www.bussa.com.au
Public Telephones
Pay phones are located in the foyer areas of most wards and the main areas of the Hospital. Phone cards for these are available from the Hospital Newsagency in the main entrance foyer.
Please note that mobile telephones are not to be utilised in the ward areas as they may interfere with medical equipment.
Patient Telephone Service
Patients have access to a personal telephone next to their beds. Phone numbers are allocated to each bed number within the ward. The calls are taken by staff in the ward office who will then transfer the call to the patient's phone.
Outgoing calls & Phone Away Cards
To make outgoing calls a Telstra Phone Away Card will be required. Please note that this is not a normal phone card and must be a Telstra Phone Away Card. A series of numbers from the card is entered into the phone after dialling "0" and the cost of the call is electronically deducted from the card balance. Local and STD calls can be made using this facility.
All private patients and Veteran Affairs Gold cardholders are provided with one $5 card.
Telstra Phone Away cards can be purchased from the hospital newsagency or the hospitals mobile paper stand. The minimum card cost is $5. Remaining credits on the card can be used from any phone, including home.
Shopping and other facilities
Food Shopping
There are various supermarkets located within the city.
- Woolworths is located in Rundle Mall. This is approximately a 15-minute walk from the Hospital, or a short taxi ride. Woolworths also have a voucher facility where prepaid vouchers (known as "gift vouchers") can be presented to the register in place of money.
These can be purchased at the Service Desk of any Woolworth's store. For telephone enquiries, please contact Woolworths on (08) 8232 0787.
- Coles Supermarket and the Central Market are located in Grote Street and can be accessed via the City Loop (99C) which is a free service or an approximate 10-minute taxi ride.
There are many cafes, restaurants and a few hotels located in Rundle Street which is a 5-minute walk from the Hospital, where you are able to obtain anything from a cup of coffee to a restaurant meal.
Royal Adelaide Hospital is committed to a non-smoking policy. Patients, staff and visitors are not permitted to smoke in the Hospital.
The Ward Environment in a Teaching Hospital
The Royal Adelaide Hospital is a public teaching hospital. As a teaching hospital you will often have a team of people caring for you and keeping up with the names of everyone on the team can be tricky.
Hospital doctors, usually the intern and registrars, will visit you daily or more frequently if required. The intern and the registrars are involved with the majority of your medical care. The Consultant Specialist will visit at different times during the week. Remember, if you have any questions; please do not hesitate to ask the nursing staff.
If you have any concerns regarding the care you are receiving, please feel free to speak to the Clinical Nurse Consultant (CNC). The CNC is responsible for all nursing staff on the ward and consults regularly with medical staff in relation to your care. If you have any specific questions, the CNC can assist in organising the appropriate person to assist you. The CNC is available Monday to Friday.
Toilets are located in each waiting room area in Outpatients and in the foyer (near the lifts) on all North Wing floors. They are also located near the cafeteria, in the main entrance and on the upper level of the East Wing near the central lift area.
Valuables and Personal Effects
Please do not bring any valuables or large sums of money with you. However, if you do bring valuables, the nursing staff can assist in organising their safekeeping in the Hospital's central safe. Please remember to organise for them to be collected prior to discharge. The Hospital cannot accept responsibility for the loss of, or damage to, any property you choose to keep at your bedside.
Vending Machines
Vending machines for food and beverages are available on all levels of the North Wing, Level 3 of the East Wing, Admissions Centre, Emergency Department and the basement of the Residential Wing.
Visiting Hours and Restrictions
While some wards have restrictions, visiting hours are negotiable. Please speak with the ward nursing staff to check the wards visiting times. If people are travelling long distances from the country to visit you on a particular day, it may be wise for them to check with nursing staff that you will be available.
Wellness Centre
The Wellness Centre is situated in the main entrance foyer of the Hospital. The Unit provides a range of health information and advice, together with a variety of programs and services. These are designed to promote good health. This is a good place to spend some time whilst awaiting appointments.
This booklet has been designed to be used as a guide only, and to assist patients, their family and friends, whilst attending the Royal Adelaide Hospital. Whilst every effort has been made to include accurate and up-to-date information, the Royal Adelaide Hospital cannot be held responsible for any omissions or errors.
The Royal Adelaide Hospital expresses its appreciation to all who have contributed to the Booklet. 2006


text:
As Amended by House Committee
Session of 1999
HOUSE BILL No. 2196
By Committee on Education
10 AN ACT concerning driver's licenses and driving privileges of pupils;
11 requiring suspension or revocation thereof upon expulsion or ex-
12 tended-term suspension from school for certain reasons.
Be it enacted by the Legislature of the State of Kansas:
15 Section 1. As used in this act:
16 (a) "Board of education" means the board of education of a unified
17 school district or the governing authority of an accredited nonpublic
18 school.
19 (b) "School" means a public school or an accredited nonpublic school.
20 (c) "Public school" means a school operated by a unified school dis-
21 trict organized under the laws of this state.
22 (d) "Accredited nonpublic school" means a nonpublic school partic-
23 ipating in the quality performance accreditation system.
24 (e) "Chief administrative officer of a school" means, in the case of a
25 public school, the superintendent of schools and, in the case of an ac-
26 credited nonpublic school, the person designated as chief administrative
27 officer by the governing authority of the school.
28 (f) "Weapon" means (1) any weapon which will or is designed to or
29 may readily be converted to expel a projectile by the action of an explo-
30 sive; (2) the frame or receiver of any weapon described in the preceding
31 example; (3) any firearm muffler or firearm silencer; (4) any explosive,
32 incendiary, or poison gas (A) bomb, (B) grenade, (C) rocket having a
33 propellant charge of more than four ounces, (D) missile having an explo-
34 sive or incendiary charge of more than
ounce (E) mine, or (F) similar
35 device; (5) any weapon which will, or which may be readily converted to,
36 expel a projectile by the action of an explosive or other propellant, and
37 which has any barrel with a bore of more than
inch in diameter; (6)
38 any combination of parts either designed or intended for use in converting
39 any device into any destructive device described in the two immediately
40 preceding examples, and from which a destructive device may be readily
41 assembled; (7) any bludgeon, sandclub, metal knuckles or throwing star;
42 (8) any knife, commonly referred to as a switch-blade, which has a blade
43 that opens automatically by hand pressure applied to a button, spring or
HB 2196--Am.
1 other device in the handle of the knife, or any knife having a blade that
2 opens or falls or is ejected into position by the force of gravity or by an
3 outward, downward or centrifugal thrust or movement. The term
4 "weapon" does not include within its meaning (1) an antique firearm; (2)
5 any device which is neither designed nor redesigned for use as a weapon;
6 (3) any device, although originally designed for use as a weapon, which
7 is redesigned for use as a signaling, pyrotechnic, line throwing, safety, or
8 similar device; (4) surplus ordinance sold, loaned, or given by the secre-
9 tary of the army pursuant to the provisions of section 4684(2), 4685, or
10 4686 of title 10 of the United States Code; (5) class C common fireworks.
11 (g) "Controlled substance" has the meaning ascribed thereto in
12 K.S.A. 65-4101, and amendments thereto.
13 (h) "Illegal drug" means a controlled substance but does not include
14 such a substance that is legally possessed or used under the supervision
15 of a licensed health-care professional or that is legally possessed or used
16 under authority of any federal or state law.
17 Sec. 2. (a) Whenever a pupil
who has attained the age of 13 years
18 has been expelled from school or suspended for an extended term in
19 accordance with the statutory provisions contained in articles 89 or 89a
20 of chapter 72 of Kansas Statutes Annotated, and such expulsion or ex-
21 tended-term suspension was imposed upon the pupil for:
22 (1) Possession of a weapon at school, upon school property, or at a
23 school-supervised activity; or
24 (2) possession, use, sale or distribution of an illegal drug or a con-
25 trolled substance at school, upon school property, or at a school-super-
26 vised activity; or
27 (3) behavior at school, upon school property, or at a school-supervised
28 activity, which resulted in, or was substantially likely to have resulted in,
29 serious bodily injury to others, the chief administrative officer of the
30 school from which the pupil was expelled or suspended shall give written
31 notice to the division of vehicles of the department of revenue of the
32 expulsion or suspension of the pupil. The notice of expulsion or suspen-
33 sion shall be given to the division of vehicles within three days, excluding
34 holidays and weekends, after imposition of the expulsion or suspension
35 and shall include the pupil's name, address, date of birth, driver's license
36 number, if available, and the reason or reasons for the expulsion or sus-
37 pension. Upon receipt of notification of the suspension or expulsion of a
38 pupil from school as provided in this section, the division of vehicles shall
39 suspend the pupil's driver's license or privilege to operate a motor vehicle
40 on the streets and highways of this state. The duration of the suspension
41 shall be for a period of one year. Upon expiration of the period of sus-
42 pension, the pupil may apply to the division for return of the license. If
43 the license has expired, the pupil may apply for a new license, which shall
HB 2196--Am.
1 be issued promptly upon payment of the proper fee and satisfaction of
2 other conditions established by law for obtaining a license unless another
3 suspension or revocation of the pupil's privilege to operate a motor vehicle
4 is in effect.
5 (b) If a pupil who is expelled or suspended from school as provided
6 in this section does not have a driver's license, the pupil's driving privi-
7 leges shall be revoked. No Kansas driver's license shall be issued to a
8 pupil whose driving privileges have been revoked pursuant to this sub-
9 section for a period of one year:
10 (1) Immediately following the date of receipt by the division of no-
11 tification of the pupil's expulsion or suspension, if the pupil is eligible to
12 apply for a driver's license; or
13 (2) after the date the pupil will be eligible to apply for a driver's
14 license, if the pupil is not eligible to apply for a driver's license on the
15 date of receipt of the notification.
16 (c) If the pupil's driving privileges have been revoked, suspended or
17 canceled for another cause, the suspension or revocation required by this
18 section shall apply consecutively to the previous revocation, suspension
19 or cancellation.
20 (d) For the purposes of this section, the term driver's license includes,
21 in addition to any commercial driver's license and any class A, B, C or M
22 driver's license, any restricted license issued under K.S.A. 8-237, and
23 amendments thereto, any instruction permit issued under K.S.A. 8-239,
24 and amendments thereto, and any farm permit issued under K.S.A. 8-
25 296, and amendments thereto.
26 Sec. 3. This act shall take effect and be in force from and after its
27 publication in the statute book.


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Staples® 2 mil Reclosable bag with white block measures 12" x 12" and is 100 percent virgin low-density polyethylene resin for longer life.
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text: Acute respiratory infections such as pneumonia and influenza are an enormous public health problem, and trends suggest that the burden of disease due to respiratory infection is likely to get worse rather than better in the coming years. This Gordon Research Conference (GRC) will focus attention on the biology of acute respiratory infections. The goal is to foster communication among individuals and groups which are studying this common and important problem from distinct vantage points, to develop and encourage creative and multidisciplinary approaches to discovery. Perspectives to be considered include microbiology, immunology, physiology, and population biology. Elucidating the biology of respiratory infections will facilitate the development of innovative, effective prevention and treatment strategies for acute respiratory infections.


text:
The old Microcord twin lens reflex from Kingston on Thames sits buried on the shelf, encased in it's dark brown oxidised leather case, covered in what now seems a lifetime of dust. It's my family photographic heirloom, along with the ubiquitous box Kodak Duaflex from London, Finetta "Super" of Germany, a beautiful Ashi Pentax Spotmatic ES released in 1972, used to record life in general as a youth, along with many early motorcycle enduro and Desert Rally adventures. A lifetime on film, still to be scanned. The OM-10 was a gift from a friend, and my weather beaten F801 and F90X Nikon film cameras were used to record the growth to manhood of three sons. These cameras are all classics... or relics, a little like their user.
It took me quite some time to embrace the concept and benefits of digital capture, digital anything in fact, but the wheels are moving, and I am now beginning to get the hang of things, with time not such a precious comodity and limiting factor as in the days of recent past.
Still cannot bring myself to be extravagant with the frame count, old school I know, but often I just prefer to turn the LCD review off, and disipline the capture process as I always did when film was my only option.
Writing this brings a broad smile and the recollection of walking along the paved shoreline of Lake Maggiore Stresa - in northern Italy some years back. It was late afternoon, and I looked out over the stone balustrade to a very graceful, low slung, almost horizontal tree branch in silhouette, framing the Isle of "Isola Bella".
If I returned very early the next morning, the many lights illuminating Isola Bella would still be glowing in the early fog, gently highlighted by the first rays of daylight coming from a better perspective.
It was a brisk 2km walk with a heavy pack, through the cool pre dawn dark lanes and pathways to reach my chosen vantage point. To then find I hadn't put a new roll of Provia in my pack, and the frame counter on the old Nikon poised on 35!... caused me to utter a few expletives, as I seem to recall.
At best I had three shots. I did not have the time to go back for more film, and we were leaving Stresa for Bologna by train early the following day. I thought about the exposure settings for a bit, then fired two frames via cable release. Anticipating what I had, I stood upright and turned to see an old local gentleman watching on. It was then that I noticed this magnificent derelict mansion overlooking my vantage point and the lake. The now vine covered building exuded character and history, but had lay vacant for many many years, the cost of a classic restoration then, possibly beyond the purse of the owners.
I repositioned the tripod in the hope there was one more round in the breech, and there was. From only three frames, two of my most treasured photographs were captured.
A conscious decision was made, not to move into the world of digital until I could, with a sensor that measured the same dimensions as my old Provia and Velvia transparencies - so it has taken quite a while.
A narrative within my image capture is something I am growing to understand, and yet aesthetic appeal of composition within my field of view, and the solitude of the time and place is generally all that I need to inspire me to make the image.
When I revisit the images in a gallery past, I remember, albeit, if only for a brief time, the moment of each frame capture, the ambient conditions, the particular surroundings and all that drew me to seeing that image:-
The cool pre dawn mornings in the back streets of Bologna.
The daybreak ferry on Como Lake - in the rain, heading north from Moltrasio to Lenno, in the hope of a break in the weather.
The climb along a Stronian granite ridgeline in the mist - or just a sheep trail skirting a peat bog, in an ever evolving landscape that is Scotland.
On a cobbled back road in the Cote de Beaune, I stumbled upon Puligney Montrachet Chardonnay grapes at bud burst, from the Domain Jacques Prieur, with just enough time before sunset to get a shot, then fondly remembering the '82 Domain Leflaive consumed at Le Tour d 'Argent on the Quai de la Tournelle in '89.
Negotiating forever wet and slippery rocks, in blustery cold conditions beyond the waterwheel at Cape Leeuwin, or Mt Wellington, Tasmania, backpack heavy with gear.
All now seem, so worth the effort.
The more recent photographs have all been captured with early Leica, Nikon or Fuji camera bodies, but now the Nikon D810, Pentax 645Z and just a couple of prime lenses weight my shoulders in the backpack. The exquisite Nikkor AF-S 24mm f1.4G ED, Sigma 50mm F1.4 DG HSM Art series prime, and most recently, the Zeiss 135mm f/2 Apo Sonnar T ZF.2 + Pentax 55mm along with a well crafted Lee filter system, some B+W filters and Schneider Grads.
Zeiss lenses - On my bucket list for some time now, has been the ownership of one or two of those buttery smooth, optically fine German Zeiss lenses. It has now become a reality, but not only mounted to the front of my old Nikon as once imagined.. those extraordinary lenses that reside behind ones cornea, that normally focus so crisp and clear, have in my case, become less flexible with years, and so.. On the 27th April 2012, interocular lens surgery performed by Dr Marc Wei, precisely placed a new Zeiss Tri Toric Lens into my right eye capsule, the left eye surgery followed in early May, and I now see a world of natural colours with clarity once again.
I do hope you enjoy viewing these images, as I have certainly enjoyed capturing them.
gregory hanlon


text:
Enclosed Directory Letter Board is durable, easy to install, shatter resistant window, lockable door and holds up to 935 - 3/4 letters.
Our 42W x 32H Indoor Enclosed Letter Board is better than the competitors because our superior construction methods and materials result in a better cabinet that lasts longer and is easier to maintain.
Our cabinet casing is a structural element that holds the letter board in its channel. The channel makes the board easily removable and replaceable. Our competitors use the letter board to hold their frame casing together, thus you cannot replace it without destroying it. And our frame casing includes an extra channel if you later want to add a dry-erase panel.
The enclosed letter board display case corners are mitered and reinforced with locking brackets. The frame casing is constructed with a natural satin extruded anodized aluminum frame, which is manufactured with alloy 6063-T6, a superior metal for signage because of its strength, hardness and corrosion resistance.
Easy to install so that your cabinet sits plum and your doors swing flush. First attach a cleat (provided) to your wall and place the bulletin board sign cabinet over the cleat. There is a recessed area on the back of our cabinet that will fit tightly onto the cleat. Then attach angle brackets with fasteners to the bottom of the cabinet. Includes mounting hardware (no fasteners).
The directory board is made from 1/2 inch thick fiberboard with grooves cut on every 1/4 inch increment and covered with felt that is pleated into the grooves which slides into the case channel. The letter board holds the standard plastic directory letters with molded tabs.
The door includes solid disc tumbler locks to protect against vandalism while controlling access to posting surface. The locking mechanism is bolted in place. Our competitors use only clips. Two keys are included. The door frame holds a durable, 1/8 inch shatter-resistant polycarbonate window with UV inhibitors so messages can be seen but not touched. The window sits in a mechanically fastened channel. This makes the window easy to replace if vandalized.
This two door unit is mounted with full-length piano hinges. The case dimensions are 42W x 32H and 2-1/4 inch depth. The main case frame is 1 inch wide and the door frame is 1-7/16 inch. This reduces the visible area to 37W x 27.13H, an optional header further reduces the visible area. The interior space between the door and the cork board is 1 inch.
This item comes with a one year manufacturer's guarantee. Added options take an extra 3-5 days lead time to produce.
This item ships UPS Ground to the continental US and normally takes 2-4 business days to arrive. UPS is one of the largest shipment and logistics companies in the world. UPS delivers more than 15 million packages a day to more than 6.1 million customers with exceptional real time tracking and notifications.
UPS offers the best value for medium size packages. UPS has been moving towards a dimensional weight pricing model where the shipping charges are calculated on the package weight, package dimensions and area delivered. The UPS shipping cost is calculated at check-out and adds to the cost of the order.
Shipping to AK and HI needs to be quoted and we will email you an invoice for the total cost before the order is processed. We are not set up for international shipments. We do not ship COD or bill to third parties.
All claims for damage must be made within 3 business days.
This item is returnable under the following conditions:
Please call Alphabet Signs at 1-800-582-6366 for Return Authorization Number so we can properly refund your money.
Name headers, powder coating or custom color items are custom made and cannot be returned.
The Enclosed Letter Board 42W x 32H belongs in the Office Supplies > Presentation Supplies > Display Boards category.


text:
Parliament's milk price inquiry may be reopened two years after Coles sparked a price war with
Milk processors have lost up to $90 million on wholesale margins and 55 Queensland dairy farmers have left the industry since then.
The federal Senate inquiry, independent studies and numerous protests have failed to stop the price war involving retailers, processors and farmers.
"Things are not getting any better and [the inquiry] could be opened up in the next few months," Independent senator
He said the price cuts by Coles and Woolworths were causing a decline in the industry that could eventually wipe out the fresh milk market and leave consumers with limited choices such as long life milk.
"It would mean that consumer tastes have been changed because of the control major retailers have.
"The Coles song Down, Down actually says something like 'I know what you are doing to me and I have woken up to it' and I think that's quite ironic," the senator said. "Farmers and processors have worked it out but I don't know if consumers have."
Further recommendations to the Senate inquiry's final report were agreed on by him, the Coalition, the Greens and the Democrats but not the Labor government.
Farmers and milk processors say the pressure from retailers to reduce prices has led to significant loss of value in the industry. The Queensland Dairyfarmers' Organisation estimates $220 million has been lost in the past two years.
Coles has defended its position by referring to information compiled by independent analytics company Fresh Logic that shows dairy farm numbers have been falling steadily for the past decade, mostly driven by the deregulation of dairy pricing in 2002.
Coles also insists it has fully funded the lower retail price of milk from its own profit margin.
"Coles understands dairy farmer angst about the difficult economic environment they are operating in, including a high dollar, fragile global demand and rising input costs," a Coles spokesman said.
He said Coles had implemented several initiatives to protect farm gate prices and help expand dairy farmers' businesses.
Queensland's largest dairy farmer, John McNamee, welcomed a possible reopening of the inquiry.
"We must change the status quo whereby supermarkets trade with milk processors and then processors set the price for farmers," he said.
"Dairy farmers must be allowed to present the case for a fair price for milk direct to the supermarkets and then the supermarkets would be forced to pay a price reflecting the current cost of production."
Processor Lion declined to comment. However, its latest full- year results paint a stark picture of the impact on suppliers. The group's dairy and drinks division reported a revenue decline of 10.1 per cent, driven in part by the loss of key private-label contracts and deep discounting of white milk.
In its submission to the Senate inquiry, Lion said: "The continuation of $1 per litre house brand pricing will make it less and less viable for the dairy industry to continue delivering fresh white milk."
The Australian Financial Review


text:
Bug #2564
Filesonic.com: There is no download limit for premium users
|Start date:
|Due date:
|% Done:
|Target version:
|Can't reproduce
Using a premium account to download several files from filesonic.com, the user reports that JD reverted to free user-like behaviour (Captcha). The user did not specify whether speed was reduced as well.
(Login PMed to pspzockerscene & drbits)
#1 Updated by drbits almost 7 years ago
Apparently, Filesonic reversed the position of their buttons (Free or Premium) on the screen.
Everybody is getting a Plugin Error (out of date).
#2 Updated by pspzockerscene almost 7 years ago
- Assignee deleted (
#3 Updated by drbits over 6 years ago
Important Revision
When an available check is broken, it will cause a Premium Error, which in turn disables Premium for that Host. An available check should not cause a Premium Error.
A Premium Error should not disable Premium except at start-up and during Refresh Accounts.
Both of these problems are generic handling of Status, not related to a specific host. In an object oriented design, the plugins would translate requests and responses to specific hosts (including standardizing status). Decision making within Plugins would be minimized.
The Host_Plugin class should interpret the status. A "next step" should be decided (in the case of a lack of information, the information should be logged. Multiplication of problems should be avoided.
Please see http://board.jdownloader.org/showpost.php?p=112230&postcount=64
Log is linked to http://board.jdownloader.org/showpost.php?p=112181&postcount=61
#4 Updated by jiaz over 6 years ago
When an available check is broken, it will cause a Premium Error, which in turn disables Premium for that Host. An available check should not cause a Premium Error.
i cannot verify this. accounts are only disabled when plugin says so.
please provide example links AND logfiles.
jd will only disable the account when the correct pluginexception is thrown
#5 Updated by pspzockerscene over 6 years ago
Do we still have any problem here ?
I don't think so.
I'll close it if no one responds within one week...
#6 Updated by pspzockerscene over 6 years ago
- Status changed from New to Closed
- Resolution set to Can't reproduce
Closed, problem is (hopefully) gone, got no userfeedback...


text:
As for now, I have made a batch of my woolen wreaths (you may remember them in Green Craft Magazine a few years ago), choosing neutral and elegant gray tones, so perfect to be displayed all over Autumn and Winter (and even at Christmas!) on a door, knob, mantel, window, cupboard, in an empty frame, wherever!
They are lovingly made with upcycled sweaters and wool yarn, at times paired with plaid woolen fabrics and vintage or antique lace scraps.
They are finished off with a shabby, wooden heart that adds that cozy, welcoming feel and recalls a sense of home, so appropriate for the cold months.
Warm and welcoming... Hope you'll love them!


text:
Robert Rumery
Crazy About Her - Poem by Robert Rumery
I'm so Crazy about her,
I think of her night and day,
ooh yeah,
her baby-blue eyes,
her godly brown locks,
The best damn body,
that any guy would want,
to get with,
I'm a bunch of nerves,
no style, no figures,
just a small town boy,
just looking for some love,
and a mind that never quits,
and a heart of gold,
but you can't that,
by stand there alone,
and so lonely.
So what are you doing,
over there playing with your hair,
waiting to be rescued,
and swept off your feet,
by your prince in shinning armor,
and on a white horse,
Or are you going to sit on that rock,
so neatly with your legs crossed,
or do I have to make the first move,
persuade you to take a dip in my love pool,
Chorus: Crazy About Her,
Well it Not Stop,
Crazy About Her,
She Makes My Heart flutter,
Crazy About Her,
You look so lovely,
let me pick this flower up,
and give it to you,
and make you smile so big,
smile like you used to,
now here I go,
bringing her happiness you can see,
she's so beautiful,
it was love at first site,
Chorus: Crazy About Her,
Well it Not Stop,
Crazy About Her,
She Makes My Heart flutter,
Crazy About Her,
She smiles at me,
and tells me that I'm sweet,
I get a warm feeling,
a feeling that wants to now more about her,
she placed her hand on my cheek,
and she looked into my eyes,
but her eyes looked into my soul,
a wild sensation,
was I in love? ,
or was I just insane?
I can feel her fears,
and taste her passions,
Chorus: Crazy About Her,
Well it Not Stop,
Crazy About Her,
She Makes My Heart flutter,
Crazy About Her,
I'll take her hand,
and make her happy tonight,
a dinner,
a night of passion that won't die,
Crazy about her,
Yes I am,
Crazy About Her,
make it last forever,
Crazy About Her,
I Want To Make Her Mine,
Comments about Crazy About Her by Robert Rumery
Read this poem in other languages
This poem has not been translated into any other language yet.
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Robert Rumery's Other Poems
Famous Poems
Phenomenal Woman
Maya Angelou
Still I Rise
Maya Angelou
The Road Not Taken
Robert Frost
If You Forget Me
Pablo Neruda
Langston Hughes
Annabel Lee
Edgar Allan Poe
Caged Bird
Maya Angelou
Rudyard Kipling
Stopping By Woods On A Snowy Evening
Robert Frost
A Dream Within A Dream
Edgar Allan Poe


text: Ivor Bueb - Unregistered May 08, 2012 12:47 PM The showdown format could play into Haga's hands. If Haga makes it into the top six then he will probably be very strong on the last three meetings seen as he will have had time to get used to the series and already knows those tracks well from world supers. 3 agree 0 disagree


text:
Oversize/Overweight Permit
Log On to the Online Oversize/Overweight Website
(for Non-Divisible Loads only)
Divisible Load Transportation Permit Information
ApplicationFile Size: 25 KBInstructionsFile Size: 5 KBPermit LimitsFile Size: 7 KB
RestrictionsFile Size: 10 KBPolicy StatementFile Size: 5 KBRoute Survey ApplicationFillable PDF
RegulationsFile Size: 21 KBStatutesFile Size: 10 KB
Divisible load permits are issued to haul construction materials. These permits are issued on an annual or monthly basis. The effective period is from May 1st through April 30th. The annual fee for a divisible load permit is based on the gross weight to be shown on the permit. The fee is assessed at a rate of nine dollars ($9.00) per one thousand pounds or fraction thereof. Fees are not prorated or refundable. Fees for divisible load permits purchased on a monthly basis are $100.00 for each calendar month or fraction thereof. Divisible load permits issued on a monthly basis are issued by calendar months, not 30 day increments.
Non-Divisible Load Permit Information
(Single Trip)File Size: 5 KBNon-Posted StructuresFor WeightFile Size: 34 KBSelf-PropelledTruck CranesFile Size: 6 KB
Account Code ApplicationFile Size: 28 KBInstructionsFile Size: 5 KBFee ChartsFile Size: 16 KB
Route Survey ApplicationFillable PDF
RegulationsFile Size: 24 KBStatuteFile Size: 9 KBGeneral InformationFile Size: 55 KB
Holiday Restrictions Year 2016
The Commissioner of Transportation or other authority having charge of the repair or maintenance of any highway or bridge is authorized to grant permits for transporting vehicles or combinations of vehicles or vehicles and load, or other objects not conforming to the provisions of sections 14-98, 14-262, 14-264, 14-267a and 14-269 but, in the case of motor vehicles, only the Commissioner of Transportation shall be authorized to issue such permits. Such permits shall be written, and may limit the highways or bridges which may be used, the time of such use and the maximum rate of speed at which such vehicles or objects may be operated, and may contain any other condition considered necessary by the authority granting the same, provided the Department of Transportation shall not suffer any loss of revenue granted or to be granted from any agency or department of the federal government for the federal interstate highway system or any other highway system.
The Department of Transportation is authorized to issue size and weight permits on a per trip basis during daylight hours for a three-day period. The States base permit fee is $30.00 with an additional $5.00 charge when permits are sent via facsimile equipment; there is also an additional permit service fee.
For further information, please contact:
Oversize/Overweight Permit Unit(860) 594-2880or email email@example.com
Content Last Modified on 7/15/2016 2:01:40 PM


text:
Janet Wilder Dakin
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Janet Wilder Dakin (June 3, 1910 - October 7, 1994), was a philanthropist, zoologist and a younger sister of author Thornton Wilder and poet Charlotte Wilder.
She was born in Berkeley, California. She received her B.A in zoology, magna cum laude, Phi Beta Kappa in 1933, and her M.A. in biology in 1935, both from Mount Holyoke College. She received her Ph.D. in zoology from the University of Chicago in 1939. She taught zoology at Mount Holyoke until she married Winthrop S. Dakin in 1941.
She also lived in China for a few years because of her father's work, but then left with her brother and sister because of the unstable state of the country.
External links[edit]
|This article about an American zoologist is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.


text:
The E2 control system is designed to give restaurant operators a tool to help them better control and manage HVACR, lighting, irrigation, and cooking systems. It creates a restaurant environment where disparate systems are connected and can be managed and monitored from a central location, says the company. According to the manufacturer, the E2 can control any load via a time schedule, sensor, or a combination of both. The control system can reduce energy costs by an average of 10 percent or more by identifying critical equipment failures and operating equipment and lighting more efficiently, the company states.
Computer Process Controls, 1640 Airport Rd., Ste. 104, Kennesaw, GA 30144; 770-425-2724; email@example.com.


text:
I had radiesse put into my cheeks and under eye area. After 2 year`s I am left with long lumps under my eyes near the cheek bone My derm. pronounced that they were fat another derm said it was skin. I am going to see what a plastic surgeon has to say.... I cannot beleive I am one of those horror storirs you hear about.
Does anyone know if ther is is a way to dissolve this stuff ,is under eye surgery required?


text:
LOS ANGELES (AP) Jennifer Lopez's first husband, Ojani Noa, was ordered to enter arbitration with the pop star over his plans for a tell-all book about their brief marriage.
Lopez filed a Superior Court breach of contract suit nine months ago and got a restraining order barring Noa from publishing intimate details of their sex life. She also asked for arbitration.
Noa's ghostwritten book alleges Lopez had multiple affairs, including one with her third and current husband Marc Anthony, court documents revealed.
"This is about my life, coming here from Cuba and falling in love with Jennifer," Noa said.
On Monday, Superior Court Judge Victor H. Person agreed with Lopez's lawyer, Paul N. Sorrell, that Noa was bound to arbitration under terms of an October 2005 settlement of another lawsuit.
A progress hearing in the arbitration proceeding will be held July 30.
Noa, who showed up in court again without a lawyer, objected to the arbitration order, saying he wanted the benefit of a public trial of the case.
"Basically, they were trying to damage my name and my career, now they want to go private in arbitration," Noa, 31, told the judge.
Lopez, 36, has made every effort to keep the details of the dispute private, but had to go public with her lawsuit in order to get a preliminary injunction against Noa, Sorrell said.
Lopez's damages could be in excess of $10 million if the book is published, the attorney said.
In the previous lawsuit, Noa sued Lopez for breach-of-contract, alleging she lured him into taking a managerial job in 2002 at her Pasadena restaurant, then fired him five months later.
Lopez, who has appeared in such films as Selena,Out of Sight and Monster-in-Law, married Noa in February 1997 after meeting him in a Miami restaurant. They divorced 11 months later.
Copyright 2007 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.


text:
J. Lo must be sipping True Blood.
J. Lo must be sipping True Blood.
LOL. Kim looks like such a fool.
Nikki, you can't put all that asss in that little asss dress!
Blue dancing, and Taylor dancing, ftw.
Usher is my babe! lol
No Taylor Swift does not have to chill….lol I love people that dgaf.


text:
From Earth Science On-Site
The Ercall, Shropshire
It is anticipated that the ideas and materials presented here will be adapted by schools, and others, to be more appropriate for their own purposes and programmes of study.
In such circumstances please acknowledge the source as the Earth Science On-Site project.
Access to The Ercall quarries is through a barrier on the east (right), signposted by a Wildlife Trust marker "ERCALL WOOD NATURE RESERVE".
Follow the path between the quarries not used in this itinerary, until you come to quarry 1. This is both locality "A" and "F": the start and finish of the Key Stage 3 itinerary. See Figure 1.
Quarry 1
Looking to the north-east from the engraved rock on the left of the path (M.R. SJ 643 095) Time: 10 minutes
Locality "A"
This view point is the entrance to quarry 1. Do not enter the quarry from here. From this point there is a view of one of the Ercall quarries, which were worked for aggregates until 1986. In 2000 the land was bought by the Shropshire Wildlife Trust to set up the Ercall Local Nature Reserve.
There are a number of reasons for visiting this locality: the viewpoint gives an introduction to the quarry and allows the pupils to see the scale of the quarry. Another reason is to allow the teacher to point out part of the route that the pupils will follow as they carry out their fieldwork around the quarry.
Activity 1
Locality "B"
Quarry 2 Looking To The North-East From The Stile On The Path (M.R. SJ 644 095) Time: 20 minutes
Continue along the path past locality "A", taking the bend to the north to locality "B". This is by the stile in the fence across the path. From this point there is a view of one of the lower Ercall quarries. This quarry was worked for a rock called Wrekin Quartzite. The sandstone in the Wrekin Quartzite could be broken into pieces and used as an aggregate because it is a chemically and physically resistant rock.
[NOTE: The "Wrekin Quartzite" includes sedimentary conglomerate and a quartz rich sandstone cemented by silica.]
Activity 1
Locality "C"
On The Floor Of Quarry 2 At The Warning Signpost On The Quarry Floor (M.R. SJ 644 096) Time: 15 minutes
A Cross the fence by using the stile and advance up the slope to the warning sign which is locality "C" ( See Figure 1.) Stop at the warning sign. There is no need to go nearer to the quarry faces. Loose pieces of rock can be picked up from the quarry floor here for pupils to test and look at.
Explain that the exercise here (and at locality "Ei") is to compare two different sedimentary rocks and summarise the information on worksheet 2. Point out that these rocks can be traced uphill from this quarry into the quarry they viewed at locality "A" at the start of their field visit.
Activity 1
Locality "D"
At A Warning Sign On A Track Along A Bench (A Quarry Level) On The North Western Side Of Quarry 2 (M.R. SJ 644 096) Time: 10 minutes
Locality "D". Turn south west from locality "C" andfollow the path rising from the quarry floor. The path passes alongside the bedding planes dipping at 45º SE. Stop on the path at the warning sign. Point out the need for care close to steep slopes. Do not allow climbing on the quarry faces. Explain that there is more evidence to be investigated here that the rock is a sedimentary one and not a metamorphic "quartzite".
Activity 1
Locality "Ei"
View Of The Quarry Face In Quarry 1 Looking North East From A Point Close To The Information Plaque (M.R. SJ 644096) Time: 20 minutes
Follow the path back to the floor of quarry 2 and take the track to the north. The track climbs uphill, heading towards the lower part of quarry 1 and passes alongside the edge of the quarry.Stop at the warning sign near the information plaque. Keep to the path and do not climb over the barrier fence or onto the quarry faces. Loose pieces of rock can be picked up from the path here for pupils to examine.
Explain that at locality "Ei" the exercise is to complete the comparison between two sedimentary rocks (Worksheet 2) which was started at locality "C". First find loose specimens of a sedimentary rock which is not sandstone.
Activity 1
Locality "E(ii)"
From the warning sign and information plaque retrace your steps and follow the path downhill for about 3 metres until you reach a low quarry face to your left running parallel to the path on its eastern side. Stop at this point. Make sure you stay on the path. There is a steep slope away from the path to the south west. At this point here is a good view of the contact between the granophyre and the conglomerate.
The activity at locality "Eii" is to examine the contact (or line of separation) between different rock types. The nature of "contacts" between rocks is an important piece of evidence for Earth Scientists in their interpretation of events. They ask questions like "Is this contact: a bedding plane?; or is it cross-cutting?; or is it intrusive?; or is it faulted?; or is it caused by erosion?".
Explain that pupils will inspect the contact between the pink rock (granophyre) and the Wrekin Quartzite and complete Worksheet 4 here. (See the Key Stage 4 pupil worksheets] and Teachers' Notes for completed examples of the worksheets).
Activity 2
Locality F
Quarry 1 Looking North East From The Engraved Rock To The Right The Path (M.R. SJ 643 095) Time: 15 minutes
From locality "E" follow the path, carefully, back down the slope. Approach the fence and cross the stile marking locality "B" and retrace your steps to return to the engraved rock beside the path, locality "A", (which is also locality "F"). Stop at this view point.
Explain that at locality "F" the pupils will complete a field sketch of the view of quarry 1 looking to the north east.
Activity 1
Return to the path and on to Ercall Lane. Turn left and proceed back to the Forest Glen car park.


text:
Oil gained, capping the longest streak of weekly advances since April 2009, on speculation that US economic growth and Europe's efforts to contain the debt crisis will boost fuel demand.
Crude climbed 1.2 per cent as the Thomson Reuters/University of Michigan preliminary index of consumer sentiment for November rose to 64.2, higher than economists' projection of 61.5. Oil also rose as Italy's Senate approved a key budget bill today to clear the way for new leadership and Greece formed a unity government.
"The fundamentals in the oil market have been pretty good and demand is strong enough to tighten the balance," said Katherine Spector, a commodities strategist with CIBC World Markets Corp. in New York.
"Europe is still a tug-of-war in the oil market and people are watching the headlines."
Crude for December delivery climbed $US1.21 to $US98.99 a barrel on the New York Mercantile Exchange, the highest settlement since July 26. Oil increased 5 per cent this week, the sixth weekly gain.
Brent oil for December settlement gained 45 cents to settle at $US114.16 a barrel on the London-based ICE Futures Europe exchange
The European benchmark contract was at a premium of $US15.13 to New York futures, the lowest level since June 24.
"The market continues to rise on any kind of positive economic news," said Gene McGillian, an analyst and broker at Tradition Energy in Stamford, Connecticut. "Europe is not completely out of the woods, but they seemed to have dodged the bullets for this time around."
Italian Vote
Italy's Senate approved the debt-reduction package in a bid to cut the country's debt of 1.9 trillion euros ($US2.6 trillion), shore up investor confidence and pave the way for a new government that may be led by former European Union Competition Commissioner Mario Monti.
The timing of the ballot was moved forward after Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi's parliamentary majority unraveled this week, leading bond yields to surge to euro-era records.
Lucas Papademos, a former vice president of the European Central Bank, has been sworn in as prime minister of a Greek unity government.
"The debt crisis seems to fade with the new government in Greece and maybe Italy as well, but this should be only temporary," said Carsten Fritsch, an analyst in Frankfurt at Commerzbank.
Keystone XL
The US State Department said it is delaying a decision on TransCanada Corp.'s Keystone XL oil pipeline to study an alternative route for the $US7 billion project away from environmentally sensitive areas in Nebraska.
The 1,661-mile (2,673-kilometer) pipeline would deliver 700,000 barrels a day of crude from Alberta's oil sands to the Gulf of Mexico by crossing Montana, South Dakota, Nebraska, Kansas, Oklahoma and Texas.
The pipeline, if built, "could potentially reduce import dependence on" the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries, said James Williams, an economist at WTRG Economics, an energy research firm in London, Arkansas. "From the viewpoint of national security, Canada is the preferred source of crude oil imports. After all, the US and Canada haven't been at war since 1812."
Canada is the biggest oil exporter to the US, shipping 1.97 million barrels a day last year, according to the Energy Department.
Equities Rally
Oil also gained as US stocks rallied and the dollar weakened against the euro, said McGillian.
The Standard & Poor's 500 Index gained 2 per cent to 1,264.74 in New York. The Dow Jones Industrial Average rose 2.3 per cent to 12,169.43. The S&P's GSCI Index of 24 raw materials advanced 0.7 per cent to 665.89.
The Dollar Index, which tracks the US currency against six major peers including the euro and the yen, slid 1.1 per cent to 76.873. A weaker dollar increased oil's appeal as an investment alternative.
Oil gained in four of the five trading days this week as data showed falling inventories and rising consumption.
Crude oil stockpiles fell 1.37 million barrels to 338.1 million in the week ended Nov. 4, the Energy Department reported on Nov. 9. Stockpiles were forecast to rise 500,000 barrels, according to the median of 13 analyst estimates in a Bloomberg News survey.
Total petroleum consumption gained 7.5 per cent last week to 20 million barrels a day, the department reported.
"Tightening supplies in the US could be one explanation" for higher prices, said Fritsch.
Crude may fall next week, analysts and traders forecast in a Bloomberg News survey. Nineteen of 33 forecast a decline, 10 projected a gain, and four said there will be little change.
Oil volume in electronic trading on the Nymex was 501,208 contracts as of 2:48 p.m. in New York. Volume totaled 662,554 contracts yesterday. Open interest was 1.39 million contracts.


text:
Using the finest components in the industry, ASYM Precision Ammunition was developed for shooters, by shooters. During quality control, each piece of loaded ammunition is hand inspected and chamber checked to ensure you're getting high quality rounds in each and every box. Competitive shooters, military and law enforcement personnel as well as hunters, can trust ASYM to perform consistently and accurately in every shooting situation.
From Stan Chen: Tactical Open-Tip Match (OTM) is a high precision tactical load offering utilizing the Hornady 75 grain Open Tip Match bullet with a cannelure. It is a top quality load ideal for duty and tactical/defensive use, as well as match and general precision shooting. This round is loaded in new Lake City brass, which has been sorted and prepped for best performance and uniformity. Load specific loading techniques are used, which balance neck tension, crimp and the cannelured bullet for proper function in semi and full auto platforms, as well as bolt actions. In testing, many 1 in 9" twist barrels will stabilize this bullet, but it is recommend a barrel twist of 1 in 8" or faster with this bullet.
Technical Information
Ballistics Information:
Smith & Wesson Team Captain Julie Golob on ASYM Precision Ammunition:
"I have been using ASYM ammunition for a couple of years now. When titles are on the line, I need the very best. The confidence boost of knowing that I am going into national and world championships with ammo that is not only going to function flawlessly, but is also extremely accurate is huge. I know that when I make my best shots, ASYM will deliver. Whether I am competing or out in the field hunting, I rely on ASYM accuracy and reliability."


text:
Taste of Home - Craig, CO
Taste of Home
Event Details
Get Creative!
Do you have a love for cooking or are looking to have a more complete knowledge of cooking? On October 3, our town of Craig will once again be fortunate enough to host the staff of Taste of Home magazine to reinvigorate our love for food and teach us all something new! Click the "Buy Now" button below to buy a ticket online, head down to Miller Family Appliance, or give us a call at the Craig Daily Press at (970) 824-7031.
Meet Guy Klinzing
Our Culinary Specialist
WHAT – The Taste of Home Cooking School is a 2 ½ hour cooking demonstration of 10-12 recipes, focusing on offering valuable cooking tips, sharing culinary passion, and having a good time!
Hint: Having a hard time figuring out what's for dinner? Try the recipe finder on the left!
WHO – Guy Klinzing, a Taste of Home culinary specialist, leads the event. Here is his quick biography:
Meet Taste of Home Culinary Specialist Guy Klinzing. Guy conducts Cooking School shows across the country. His love of traveling to experience the flavors of different cities combined with his enthusiasm for cooking allows him to share his culinary passion with people just like you!
When did his love for the kitchen start? "My favorite dishes are still the ones that my grandmother and mother taught me to prepare as part of our own family tradition. Good food served at home not only feeds the family but also feeds the soul. I love discovering those special dishes that are part of the tradition of other friends and families."
The passion continued from there -- Guy holds a Bachelors Degree in Performing Arts from Northeastern University and an MBA from Dominican University. He has worked in the snack food and chocolate industry for over 34 years. During his long career with a major candy company, he not only built and managed large candy production facilities, but also served as a corporate media spokesperson in the Midwest. Guy has also conducted many seminars and training sessions on food related topics including: chocolate, candy, food safety, sensory, and raw ingredients.
When asked what his favorite part of the Cooking School experience is, Guy replied, "Meeting so many enthusiastic fans of Taste of Home. They inspire me with their love of cooking and support for our program. I love being able to share practical information with them that they can go home and use the next day. The energy and fun at these events makes all the preparation worthwhile."
Guy resides with his wife in the Chicago area where he is also a professional actor and vocalist. Some of his favorite activities include tornado chasing, wilderness fishing, traveling, and being surrounded by his children and grandchildren.
Guy is looking forward to coming to Moffat County High School in Craig. "I can't wait to share these simple delicious recipes with you while we all celebrate our love of cooking with each other. You will be able to impress your family and friends with these great ideas and the fact that they are so quick and easy to prepare will be our little secret!" says Guy.
EVENT DETAILS – Location: Moffat County High School Auditorium
Time: Monday, October 3 2011. Doors open at 5:00 PM, Event starts at 7:00 PM.
MISCELLANEOUS – Check out the video sample below, as well as checking out Taste of Home for more information.