text:
Foreign policy and national security are the topics of tonight's Republican debate in South Carolina, but the GOP presidential candidates also face a host of political questions.
How will Rick Perry rebound after Wednesday's debate debacle? Can Herman Cain overcome sexual harassment allegations? Can Mitt Romney build a lead over Republican rivals? Will Newt Gingrich continue to move up?
These and other questions surround the debate at Wofford College in Spartanburg, S.C. Sponsored by CBS New and National Journal magazine, the festivities are scheduled to start at 8 p.m.,Washington time.
Here's a look at what each candidate faces:
Rick Perry -- This is the first debate since the Texas governor so memorably forgot the name of the third federal government department he plans to eliminate. After his "oops" moment, Perry needs to convince voters -- and donors -- that he can remain a competitive candidate.
Mitt Romney -- His opponents have struggled, but Romney -- the best funded Republican candidate -- has been unable to pull away in the polls because of doubts about his conservative credentials; look for Romney to cite Ronald Reagan's foreign policy record tonight, and to bash China over currency manipulation.
Herman Cain -- The pizza chain CEO retains strong numbers, though some have started to slip in the wake of sexual harassment allegations against him -- it's hard to say whether those will surface in a debate devoted to foreign policy.
Newt Gingrich -- The former speaker of the House is moving up in the race to become the conservative alternative to Romney. Expect Gingrich to claim more foreign policy experience than his rivals.
Ron Paul -- Look for the libertarian Republican to criticize U.S. commitments overseas, particularly the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan.
Michele Bachmann -- The conservative congresswoman from Minnesota wants to establish her foreign policy credentials, and will probably cite her work on the House Intelligence Committee.
Jon Huntsman -- Foreign policy is one of the specialties of the former Utah governor, who also served as U.S. ambassador to China for President Obama, an appointment some Republicans have criticized.
Rick Santorum -- The former U.S. House and Senate member from Pennsylvania, also looking to be the conservative alternative to Romney, will likely stress foreign policy experience during his years on Capitol Hill.
Catalina Camia leads the OnPolitics online community and has been at USA TODAY since 2005. She has been a reporter or editor covering politics and Congress for two decades, including stints at The Dallas Morning News and Congressional Quarterly. Follow her at @USATOnPolitics.
USA TODAY's Jackie Kucinich (@jfkucinich) and Fredreka Schouten (@fschouten) also contribute to the OnPolitics blog.


text:
NCAA: Basketball Coach Loses Job Over Resume Lie
Manhattan College basketball coach Steve Masiello took his team to the NCAA tournament this year but lost to Louisville in the first round. But the University of South Florida was so impressed with the job he did in New York so they offered him a job which he gladly accepted yesterday (Tuesday).
But not so fast. Upon further review of his credentials, South Florida last night rescinded the offer. It turns out that Masiello did something that so many job applicants do -- he lied on his resume. The University did some investigating and discovered that Masiello never graduated from the University of Kentucky as he had indicated on his resume. He did in fact attend the university for four years, but doesn't actually have the communications degree which he claims to have earned.
Before taking the job at Manhattan, Masiello spent six years as Rick Pitino's assistant coach at Louisville. Pitino, who also coached Masiello when he played at Kentucky, was shocked to learn that he never graduated. He tells ESPN, "If it's accurate, I'm shocked by it. I had no idea. I left the previous year and he was on track to graduate." There's no word yet on whether Manhattan College will take Masiello back, or if he's now stuck looking for another job. (ESPN)

subset: commoncrawl


text:
ARECA CATECHU also known as BUNGA
Bunga is often cultivated throughout settled areas of the Philippines, in some places being spontaneous. Possibly it is a native of the Philippines, having been found once, spontaneous, in primary forests in Palawan. It also occurs in the Old World Tropics generally, and has been introduced into the New World.
The trunk is erect, and solitary, up to 25 meters high, and marked with annular scars. The leaves are up to 4 meters long, with numerous leaflets, 60 to 90 centimeters long, with the upper ones confluent. The spadix is much branched and compressed, with the branches filiform above, bearing very numerous, somewhat distichous male flowers, which are yellow, and about 5 millimeters long. The female flowers are at the bases of the branches and in axils, about 1 centimeters long or more. The fruit is ovoid, smooth, orange or red (when ripe), 4 to 6 centimeters long; with the pericarp somewhat fleshy, and the mesocarp fibrous.
In the Philippines, as well as in indo-Malayan and Polynesian regions, the Areca nut is extensively used for chewing with lime and the leaves of betel piper (Piper betle Linn.), which is locally known as ikmo. In the Philippines the buyo is generally regarded as a tonic and a general stimulant, but its excessive use is certainly harmful. The fruit in decoction is considered an abortifacient and the nut as an emmenagogue. Tavera reports that excessive use of buyo causes loss of appetite, salivation, and general degeneration of the organism. According to Guerrero the tender seeds are said to be purgative and the ripened ones grated are vermifuge. They are also used externally as an astringent.
Nadkarni reports that the fresh nut is somewhat intoxicating and produces giddiness in some persons. This was noted by Garcia da Orta as early as 1563 in Malacca. The dried nut is stimulant, astringent, and taenifuge. It increases the flow of saliva; sweetens the breath, strengthens the gum, and produces mild exhilaration. Chopra adds that the arecoline is a highly toxic substance, and that its pharmacological action resembles that of muscarine, pelletierine, and pilocarpine. It violently stimulates the peristaltic movements of the intestines and produces a marked constriction of the bronchial muscles, which can, however, be overcome by adrenaline or atropine. The terminations of the vagi in the heart are stimulated and the organ is depressed; the blood pressure falls. It is a powerful sialogogue and stimulates the secretion of sweat in the same way as pilocarpine.
As a masticatory, dentifrice, and vermifuge, Gimlette states that the betel nut appeared in the Materia Medica of ancient China. It is also thus used in Indo-Chine according to Bocquillon-Limousin and in the Punjab and Cashmere by Honigberger. Nadkarni reports that the kernel of the fruit is one of the constituents of that general masticatory of the East-the betel or the pan. The young nut is useful in bowel complaints. The tincture forms an astringent gargle, when freely diluted with water, which is useful for bleeding gums, and it may be used as an injection for stopping water discharges from the vagina; it is also useful in checking the pyrosis of pregnancy of pregnancy.
Gimlette also reports that women in Malaya use the young green shoots as an abortifacient in early pregnancy. Large doses of areca nut cause vomiting and diarrhea. In the Dutch East Indies the root (shredded, steeped in water, and pounded till the juice is extracted) is used as poison put into food or drink.
Stuart records that in China the bark is used for choleraic affections, and for flatulent, dropsical, and obstructive disease diseases of the digestive tract. According to Dr. Warning chronic ulcerations, attended by much or foetid discharge, often speedily improve under the use of an ointment composed of finely powdered catechu and lard. MacMillan also reports its use externally for ulcers.
The ubod, or cabbage, is edible, and is either eaten raw as a salad or cooked.
- "Bunga"bpi, 2007. (Accessed on August 6,2007).
Original content from WikiPilipinas. under GNU Free Documentation License. See full disclaimer.


text:
Protecting Unique Marine Habitats
Belize harbors a large stretch of the Mesoamerican Reef—the largest barrier reef in the Western Hemisphere. The waters surrounding the reef teem with life and are home to colorful corals, commercially important fish such as Nassau grouper and mutton snapper, as well as lemon sharks, nurse sharks and the world's biggest fish, the whale shark.
One of the Conservancy's primary conservation goals here is to expand on its successful site-based work and complete conservation area networks at the national level and among MAR countries. In two important marine regions in Belize—the Southern Belize Reef Complex and Lighthouse Reef Atoll—our work has focused on strengthening management of marine protected areas (MPAs) and maintaining sustainable fisheries.
The Southern Belize Reef Complex
The Southern Belize Reef Complex (SBRC) stretches southwards from the northern boundary of South Water Caye Marine Reserve to the northern boundary of Port Honduras Marine Reserve, and south-eastwards from the coastline of Belize to the Sapodilla Cayes and the outer reef.
The SBRC is characterized by its variety of reef structures and ecosystems considered the most biodiverse in the region. The SBRC encompasses four protected areas: Laughing Bird Caye National Park, Sapodilla Cayes Marine Reserve, Gladden Spit and Silk Cayes Marine Reserves, and South Water Caye Marine Reserve.
Spawning Aggregations: "Cloudy, Swirling Mating Dances"
Within the SBRC is the Gladden Spit Marine Reserve, located near the fishing village of Placencia. More than 30 different species of fish spawn here on nights near the full moon, coming together in cloudy, swirling mating dances. Gladden Spit is one of four critical spawning aggregation sites in the SBRC and the largest known aggregation in the Mesomerican Reef.
Whale sharks follow the fish to feed on the fresh eggs and cluster in large numbers, forming one of the largest gatherings of whale sharks in the world. The whale sharks continue to come as long as the fish spawn in these areas.
For generations fishers have followed the whale sharks and descended on these sites to feast on the seas' fluid bounty. The Nature Conservancy worked closely with fishers, local and international non-governmental organizations and the government of Belize to identify 13 spawning aggregation sites in the country's offshore waters.
The Conservancy was instrumental in providing the Belizean government with the data to legally protect these sites—now declared as no-take zones to allow sufficient time for fish to reproduce—and supports local partners in managing and monitoring these sites through the National Spawning Aggregation Working Group.
Managing Marine Areas for Fish and People
Gladden Spit is recognized by the conservation community as the most efficiently managed marine reserve in Belize. In August 2008, the Conservancy completed a Conservation Action Plan for the entire SBRC complex that will help expand patrolling efforts and foster greater collaboration through a comprehensive protected areas system for southern Belize.
In 2008, the Conservancy also led a fisher exchange between fishers from Belize and Jamaica to share ideas and best practices. Though they live in different parts of the Caribbean, fishers from the region face similar challenges—how to protect the waters they depend upon from threats such as over-fishing and pollution.
In Belize, the fishers' lives have historically and culturally been intertwined with the sea. This is the only way of life many have known, passed down from previous generations. The Conservancy recognizes that, in the short-term, creating no-take zones can hinder the fishers' abilities to feed their families if not planned properly.
The Conservancy has worked with local partner Southern Environmental Association (SEA) to train some of these fishers as certified dive and sport-fishing guides. Some of them are earning more through these alternate livelihoods and are helping convince their peers of the benefits of protecting spawning aggregation sites. As we focus on protecting natural resources, we also are addressing the immediate impacts on the people most closely affected by new management systems like no-take zones.
Lighthouse Reef Atoll's Many Natural Wonders
Lighthouse Reef Atoll has some of the most intact reef ecosystems along the entire Mesoamerican Reef. It is home to the Great Blue Hole—one of the largest marine sink holes and a world renowned diving destination.
This and Half Moon Caye are designated as part of the Belize Barrier Reef Reserve System—a World Heritage Site and important marine tourist destination. Half Moon Caye harbors the last viable breeding population of white-phase red-footed boobies in the Caribbean.
Protecting Healthy, Resilient Reefs
Coral reefs are threatened by pollution, physical destruction and increases in sea temperature that result in coral bleaching. The Conservancy has pioneered a method called reef resiliency to protect those corals that can withstand bleaching events.
In 2006, scientists from the Conservancy and other conservation organizations surveyed 140 sites in Belize to determine the effects of coral reef bleaching. Of these sites, 64 were identified as potentially resilient. The study also indicated that live coral cover has declined by almost half across Belize. Based on that research, the Conservancy began working with local conservation organizations and the government to build networks of resilient reefs across the entire reef and bring them under effective protection. These actions also protect whale sharks, endangered species and fisheries that rely on healthy reefs for survival.
To help ensure that the reef continues to provide food and shelter for the people, plants and animals that depend upon it for survival, the Conservancy is working in the Belizean stretch of the Mesoamerican Reef to:
- complete a conservation area network, with a particular focus on bringing increased resource management to Central Belize, which includes Turneffe and Lighthouse Reef atolls;
- establish a network of no-take zones and fisheries management systems in Central and Southern Belize;
- test improved surveillance technology in Southern Belize;
- develop incentives, regulations and land-use zoning mechanisms to address coastal development by collaborating with governments to implement the Belize Coastal Zone Management Plan; and
- create permanent finance mechanisms that cover the basic management costs of conservation areas and tap into new global financial mechanisms that support climate change adaptation.


text:
If stock prices were to fall precipitously from here, many companies which have been previously overpriced, would become cheaper. As a result, investors would be able to scoop up great businesses at depressed prices. Those who are still in the accumulation stage and deploy their cash every month will be able to take advantage of the opportunity and buy quality shares at a discount.
More experienced investors might also decide to use margin and make investments, a few days or weeks prior to any planned cash deposits into their brokerage accounts. Investors who held some cash however, would likely be able to deploy a large portion of it in attractively valued stocks, provided that they do not freeze under fire, and provided that they do not wait for even lower prices that may or may not materialize.
These are the investors who should carefully consider however the opportunity cost of holding that cash for extended periods of time waiting for a market decline, versus deploying that cash immediately.
Full Disclosure: Long MCD, KO, PM, MO, KMI, YUM,


text:
Revgear founder Paul Reavlin and wife Paula, are proud to announce the newest Revgear Legend. Rex Jacob Reavlin was born Oct 9, 2009 @6:00 am weighing in @ 7lb 1 oz.
Mom, Dad and baby Rex are doing fine. Mom is in good spirits and there's lots of family and friends around to help the proud new parents.


text:
Art Print
Baby's On Fireby Baby Nightsoil
20% Off + Free Worldwide Shipping - Ends Tonight at Midnight PT!
Collect your choice of gallery quality Giclée, or fine art prints custom trimmed by hand in a variety of sizes with a white border for framing.
Here comes the warm jets! This burning baby head pattern serves as a tribute to one of Brian Eno's most rocking jams from my personal favorite of all his albums. The piece works for enthusiasts who find themselves constantly disappointed by the limited quantity of baby heads in an art piece. The repeated image evokes days on the factory line and the accompanying alienation, the madness, the glamor, the flames.


text:
Are You Ready for Congressman Clay Aiken?
Having had his fill of the most dangerous game and collecting Fabergé eggs, Clay Aiken is looking to move onto another favorite hobby of the rich and idle, a vanity congressional run. The Washington Blade's Chris Johnson reports that Aiken is "actively considering" a run for a house seat in North Carolina's second congressional district. Aiken, a Raleigh native, has reportedly made "phone calls to gauge support," commissioned polling and met with several "political operatives" including Betsy Conti. The report does not specify when Aiken plans to formally announce his congressional bid.
And, as it turns out, Clay's run at political office is true. A source close to the American Idol alum tells CB! Aiken has expressed some interest in public office as of late.
The North Carolina 2nd is currently represented by Republican Renee Ellmers. It is, however, a typically Democratic district, encompassing the state capital of Raleigh, as well as all or parts of seven other North Carolina counties.
If Aiken were to win, he'd certainly not be the first person to make a jump from the entertainment industry into politics. He wouldn't even be the first former reality star in Congress, just ask former Real World star and current tea partier Sean Duffy.


text:
Jan Janszoon
|Jan Janszoon
|Grand Admiral of Salé
|In office
|Governor of Salé (ceremonial)
|In office
|Appointed by
|Sultan Zidan Abu Maali
|Governor of Oualidia
|In office
|Appointed by
|Sultan Mohammed esh Sheikh es Seghir
|Personal details
|Jan Janszoon van Salee / Van Haarlem
c. 1570
Haarlem, County of Holland
|1641 or later
|Dutch, Moroccan
|Lysbeth Janszoon van Haarlem, Anthony Janszoon van Salee, Abraham Janszoon van Salee, Philip Janszoon van Salee, Cornelis Janszoon van Salee
|Military service
|Grand Admiral (Reis)
Jan Janszoon van Haarlem, commonly known as Murat Reis the Younger (c. 1570 – c. 1641), was the first President and Grand Admiral of the Corsair Republic of Salé, Governor of Oualidia, and a Dutch Barbary pirate, one of the most famous of the "Salé Rovers" from the 17th century.
- 1 Early life
- 2 Privateering
- 3 Capture by Barbary corsairs
- 4 Republic of Salé
- 5 Diplomacy
- 6 Notable raids
- 7 Capture by Knights of Malta
- 8 Escape and return to Morocco
- 9 Marriages and issue
- 10 Popular culture
- 11 Names
- 12 See also
- 13 Notes
- 14 References
- 15 External links
Early life[edit]
Jan Janszoon van Haerlem was born in Haarlem, a city in the Habsburg ruled province of Holland in 1575. The Eighty Years War between Dutch rebels and the Spanish Empire under king Philip II had started seven years previously and lasted all his life. Little is known of his early life, except that he married Soutgen Cave in 1595 and had two children with her, Edward and Lysbeth. He married Margarita, a Moorish woman, in Cartagena around 1600. They had four children; Anthony, Abraham, Phillip, and Cornelis.
In 1600, Jan Janszoon began as a Dutch privateer sailing from his home port, Haarlem, working for the state with letters of marque to harass Spanish shipping during the Eighty Years' War. Working from the Netherlands was insufficiently profitable, so Janszoon overstepped the boundaries of his letters and found his way to the semi-independent port states of the Barbary Coast of north Africa, whence he could attack ships of every foreign state: when he attacked a Spanish ship, he flew the Dutch flag; when he attacked any other, he became an Ottoman Captain and flew the red half-moon of the Turks or the flag of any of various other Mediterranean principalities. During this period he had abandoned his Dutch family.[1]
Capture by Barbary corsairs[edit]
Janszoon was captured in 1618 at Lanzarote (one of the Canary Islands) by Barbary corsairs and taken to Algiers as a captive. There he turned "Turk", or Muslim (as the Ottoman Empire had some limited influence over the region, sometimes Europeans erroneously called all Muslims "Turks"). It is speculated by some that the conversion was forced.[2] Janszoon himself, however, tried very hard to convert his fellow Europeans who were Christian to become Muslim and was a very passionate Muslim missionary.[3] The Ottoman Turks maintained a precarious measure of influence on behalf of their Sultan by openly encouraging the Moors to advance themselves through piracy against the European powers, which long resented the Ottoman Empire. After Janszoon's conversion to Islam and the ways of his captors, he sailed with the famous corsair Sulayman Rais, also known as Slemen Reis (originally a Dutchman named De Veenboer[4] whom Janszoon had known before his capture and who,[5] as Janszoon himself, had chosen to convert to Islam) and with Simon de Danser.[citation needed] But, because Algiers had concluded peace with several European nations, it was no longer a suitable harbor from which to sell captured ships or their cargo. So, after Sulayman Rais was killed by a cannonball in 1619, Janszoon moved to the ancient port of Salé and began operating from it as a Barbary corsair himself.
Republic of Salé[edit]
In 1619, Salé Rovers declared the port to be an independent republic free from the Sultan. They set up a government that consisted of 14 pirate leaders, and elected Janszoon as their President. He would also serve as the Grand Admiral of their navy.[6] The Salé fleet totaled about eighteen ships, all small because of the very shallow harbor entrance.
Even the Sultan of Morocco, after an unsuccessful siege of the city, acknowledged its semi-autonomy. Contrary to popular belief that Sultan Zidan Abu Maali had reclaimed sovereignty over Salé and appointed Janszoon the Governor in 1624, the Sultan merely approved Janszoon's election as President by formally appointing him as his ceremonial governor.[7]
Under Janszoon's leadership, business in Salé thrived. The main sources of income of this republic remained piracy and its by-trades, shipping and dealing in stolen property. Historians have noted Janszoon's intelligence and courage which reflected in his leadership ability. He was forced to find an assistant to keep up, resulting in the hiring of a fellow countryman from The Netherlands, Mathys van Bostel Oosterlinck, who would serve as his Vice-Admiral.[8]
Janszoon had become very wealthy from his income as piratical admiral, payments for anchorage and other harbor dues, and the brokerage of stolen goods. The political climate in Salé worsened toward the end of 1627, so Janszoon quietly moved his family and his entire piratical operation back to semi-independent Algiers.
Plea from Dutch family[edit]
Janszoon would become bored by his new official duties from time to time and again sail away on a pirate adventure. In 1622, Janszoon and his crews sailed into the English Channel with no particular plan but to try their luck there. When they ran low on supplies they docked at the port of Veere, Zeeland, under the Moroccan flag, claiming diplomatic privileges from his official role as Admiral of Morocco (a very loose term in the environment of North African politics). The Dutch authorities could not deny the two ships access to Veere because, at the time, several peace treaties and trade agreements existed between the Sultan of Morocco and the Dutch Republic. During his anchorage there, the Dutch authorities brought to the port Janszoon's Dutch first wife and his Dutch children to persuade him to give up piracy; the authorities did the same to many of the pirate crews, but they utterly failed to persuade the men.[9] Janszoon and his crews left port not only intact but with many new Dutch volunteers despite a Dutch prohibition of piracy.
Dutch captives[edit]
He was instrumental in securing the release of Dutch captives while in Morocco from other pirates.[10]
Franco-Moroccan Treaty of 1631[edit]
Knowledgeable of several languages, while in Algiers he contributed to the establishment of the Franco-Moroccan Treaty of 1631 between French King Louis XIII and Sultan Abu Marwan Abd al-Malik II.[10]
Notable raids[edit]
In 1627 Janszoon captured the island of Lundy in the Bristol Channel and held it for five years, using it as a base for raiding expeditions.[11]
In 1627, Janszoon used a Danish "slave" (most likely a crew member captured on a Danish ship taken as a pirate prize) to pilot him and his men to Iceland. There they raided the fishing village of Grindavík. Their takings were meagre, only some salted fish and a few hides, but they also captured twelve Icelanders and three Danes who happened to be in the village. When they were leaving Grindavík they managed to trick and capture a Danish merchant ship that was passing by means of flying a false flag.[citation needed]
The ships then sailed to Bessastaðir, seat of the Danish governor of Iceland, to raid there but were unable to make a landing - it is said they were thwarted by cannon fire from the local fortifications (Bessastaðaskans) and a quickly mustered group of lancers from the Southern Peninsula[12] and decided to turn away and sail home to Salé, where their captives were sold as slaves.
Two corsair ships from Algiers, possibly connected to Janszoon's raid, came to Iceland on July 4 and plundered there. Then they sailed to Vestmannaeyjar off the southern coast and raided there for three days. Those events are collectively known in Iceland as Tyrkjaránið (the Turkish abductions), as the Barbary states were nominally a part of the Ottoman Empire.[13]
Accounts by enslaved Icelanders who spent time on the corsair ships claimed that the conditions for women and children were normal, in that they were permitted to move throughout the ship, except to the quarter deck. The pirates were seen giving extra food to the children from their own private stashes, and that a woman who gave birth on board a ship was treated with dignity, being afforded privacy and clothing by the pirates. The men were put in the hold of the ships, and had their chains removed once the ships were far enough from land. Despite popular claims, Icelander accounts failed to mention any rapes inflicted on slaves.[14] Guðríður Símonardóttir and a few others are known to have returned to Iceland.
Sack of Baltimore, Ireland[edit]
Having sailed for two months and with little to show for the voyage, Janszoon turned to a captive taken on the voyage, a Roman Catholic named John Hackett, for information on where a profitable raid could be made. The residents of Baltimore, a small town in West Cork, Ireland, were resented by the Roman Catholic native Irish because they were settled on lands confiscated from the O'Driscoll clan. Hackett would direct Janszoon to this town and away from his own. Janszoon sacked Baltimore on June 20, 1631, seizing little more than 108 persons whom he doomed to be sold as slaves in north Africa. Janszoon took no interest in the Gaels and released them, only enslaving English. Shortly after the sack, Hackett was arrested and hanged for his crime. "Here was not a single Christian who was not weeping and who was not full of sadness at the sight of so many honest maidens and so many good women abandoned to the brutality of these barbarians"[15] Only two of the Irish villagers ever saw their homeland again.[16]
Raids in the Mediterranean Sea[edit]
Murat Reis chose to make large profits by raiding Mediterranean islands such as the Balearic Islands, Corsica, Sardinia, the southern coast of Sicily. He often sold most of his merchandise in Tunis where he became a good friend of the Dey. He is known to have sailed the Ionian Sea. He fought the Venetians near the coasts of Crete and Cyprus with a vibrant Corsair crew consisting of Dutch, Moriscos, Arab, Turkish and Elite Janissaries.
Capture by Knights of Malta[edit]
In 1635, near the Tunisian coast, Murat Reis was outnumbered and surprised by a sudden attack. He and many of his men were captured by the Knights of Malta where he would spend the next five years in the islands' notorious dark dungeons. He was mistreated and tortured, the effects of his imprisonment costly to his health and wellbeing. In 1640 he barely escaped after a massive Corsair attack, which was carefully planned by the Dey of Tunis in order to rescue their fellow sailors and Corsairs. He was greatly honored and praised upon his return in Morocco and the nearby Barbary States.
Escape and return to Morocco[edit]
He returned to Morocco in 1640 and was appointed Governor of the great fortress of Oualidia, near Safi, Morocco. He resided at the Castle of Maladia. In December, 1640, a ship arrived with a new Dutch consul, who brought Lysbeth Janszoon van Haarlem, Janszoon's daughter by his first Dutch wife, to visit her father. When Lysbeth arrived, Janszoon "was seated in great pomp on a carpet, with silk cushions, the servants all around him"[17] she had also noticed that Murat Reis the great Corsair lord had become an old and feeble man. Lysbeth stayed with her father until August, 1641, when she returned to Holland. Little is known of Janszoon thereafter; he likely retired at last from both public life and piracy. The date of his death remains unknown.
Marriages and issue[edit]
In 1596, by an unknown Dutch woman, Janszoon's first child was born, Lysbeth Janszoon van Haarlem.
After becoming a privateer, Janszoon met an unknown woman in Cartagena, Spain, who he would marry. The identity of this woman is historically vague, but the consensus is that she was of multi-ethnic background, considered "Moorish" in Spain. Historians have claimed her to be nothing more than a concubine, others claim she was a Muslim Mudéjar who worked for a Christian noble family, and other claims have been made that she was a "Moorish princess."[18] Through this marriage, Janszoon had four children: Abraham Janszoon van Salee (b.1602), Philip Janszoon van Salee (b. 1604), Anthony Janszoon van Salee (b.1607), and Cornelis Janszoon van Salee (b. 1608).
It is speculated that Janszoon married for a third time to the daughter of Sultan Moulay Ziden in 1624.[10]
Popular culture[edit]
In 2009, a play based on Janszoon's life as a pirate, "Jan Janszoon, de blonde Arabier", written by Karim El Guennouni toured The Netherlands.[19] "Bad Grandpa: The Ballad of Murad the Captain" is a poem about van Haarlem published in 2007.[20]
Janszoon was also known as Murat Reis the Younger. His Dutch names are also given as Jan Jansen and Jan Jansz; his adopted name as Morat Rais, Murat Rais, Morat; Little John Ward, John Barber, Captain John, Caid Morato were some of his pirate names. "The Hairdresser" was a nickname of Janszoon.[10]
See also[edit]
- ^ Karg and Spaite 2007: 36
- ^ "Murad Rais", Pirate Utopias, p.96, Retrieved 29 sept 2009.
- ^ Stephen Snelders, The Devil's Anarchy: The Sea Robberies of the Most Famous Pirate Claes G. Compaen, p. 24,
After his conversion, Jansz. proselytized actively for his new faith, trying to convert Christian slaves...
- ^ "De Veenboer", Zeerovery, Retrieved 29 sept 2009.
- ^ "Murad Reis", p. 36
- ^ "Murad Reis", Pirate Utopias, p. 97, Retrieved 30 September 2009.
- ^ "Murad Rais", p.98
- ^ "Murad Rais", p. 98
- ^ "Murad Rais", p.99
- ^ a b c d "VAN SICKELEN & VAN HOORN LINES continued", Michael A. Shoemaker. PCEZ. Accessed 9 september 2011
- ^ Konstam, Angus (2008). Piracy: the complete history. Osprey Publishing. pp. 90–91. ISBN 1-84603-240-7. Retrieved 2011-04-29.
- ^ Vilhjálmur Þ. Gíslason, Bessastaðir: Þættir úr sögu höfuðbóls. Akureyri. 1947.
- ^ The Travels of Reverend Ólafur Egilsson.
- ^ "Murad Rais", p. 129
- ^ Ekin, Des (2006). The Stolen Village. OBrien. p. 177. ISBN 978-0-86278-955-8.
- ^ "Murad Rais", p. 121, 129
- ^ "Murad Rais", p.140
- ^ "Anthony Jansen van Salee", Pirate Utopias, p. 206, Retrieved 29 sept 2009.
- ^ "Jan Janszoon knipoogt naar het heden", 8 Weekly, Retrieved 30 sept 2009.
- ^ "Bad Grandpa: The Ballad of Murad the Captain", Jim Billiter. Accessed 9 september 2011
- Karg, Barb, Arjean Spaite. 2007. The everything pirates book.
- Wilson, Peter Lamborn (birth name of Hakim Bey). 1995, 2003. Pirate Utopias: Moorish Corsairs and European Renegadoes. Brooklyn, NY: Autonomedia.
External links[edit]
- Jan Janszoon, de blonde Arabier on YouTube theatrical production


text:
Hostel da Vila Auberge de jeunesse
Rua Franca Pinto, 978, Vila Mariana, Sao Paulo, Brésil
- HostelBookers
- Auberges De Jeunesse
- Auberges bresil
- Auberges de Jeunesse sao-paulo
- Hostel da Vila
- Carte de Hostel da Vila
- Casiers
- Cuisine
- Petit-déjeuner
- Wi-Fi gratuit
- Accès gratuit à Internet
- Accès internet
- Bar
- DVD's
- Douches chaudes
- Draps inclus
- Instalaciones de lavandería
- Local à bagages
- Machine à laver
- Ménage
- Plans de ville gratuits
- Réception ouverte 24 heures sur 24
- Salle commune
- Salle de réunion
- Serviettes à louer
- Terrasse en plein air
- Ventilateur de plafond
- Visites guidées/Information touristique
- transferts aéroport
- télévision par câble
Heure d'arrivée / départ
Arrivée au plus tôt: 00:00
- Cartes bancaires acceptées
Réservation de groupe ?
Groupe de 15 personnes ou plus voyageant en Sao Paulo?
Carte et itinéraire
Tietê, Barra Funda and Jabaquara Bus Terminals
Metro - Rate R $ 2.90
Andbetween on the subway and heading towards the station Ana Rosa (blue line). If you arrive at Terminal Barra Funda, will need to change line once in Sé Station If you arrive at Terminal Tietê or Jabaquara, there is no need to change line, since these two terminals are already part of the blue line, the same station Ana Rosa. Get off at station Ana Rosa and follow our instructions "from the subway. '
Metro Station Ana Rosa to the Hostel da Vila
Ana Rosa Subway - Rate R $ 2.90
Take the exit towards Cons. Rodrigues Alves Avenue. Go down this avenue. Turn left on Golden Street and walk up to the end that gives França Pinto Street. Turn right on França Pinto Street and walk 50m coming to Hostel Vila Bonita.
We offer shuttle service. Ask us for information with at least 24 hours in advance.
Hostel da Vila offers shuttle service. Ask us for information with at least 24 hours in advance.
Visit the website of Airport Bus Service and you can see the lines and schedules of buses: http://www.airportbusservice.com.br/en/linhas
Urban Bus (Internorte Company) - R$4,05 + Subway - R$2,90
Take the Airport Bus Service to Tatuapé subway station (red line). Take the train toward "Barra Funda / Palmeiras" and get off at station "Sé". Finally take another train toward "Jabaquara" (blue line) and get off at station "Ana Rosa". Follow than our instructions "from the subway"'.
Executive Bus - Option 1 - R$33,00 + Subway - R$2,90
Take the Airport Bus Service Executive to Paulista Avenue and get off at subway station "Trianon" or "Brigadeiro". Take the train toward "Vila Prudente" and get off at "Ana Rosa' station. Follow than our instructions "from the subway".
Executive Bus - Option 2 - R$33,00 + Subway - R$2,90
Take the Airport Bus Service Executive to Tietê Bus Station. Inside the bus station there is also a subway station. Take the train toward "Jabaquara" and get off at "Ana Rosa" station. Follow our "from the subway" instructions.
Táxi - R$ 110,00*
Although this is the most expensive way, it´s the best option thinking of the convenience and time taken. It's an easy trip and the payment is made in advance in the service counters located inside the airport. *Price checked on sept/2011.
From Congonhas Airport
Hostel da Vila offers shuttle service. Ask us for information with at least 24 hours in advance.
Urban Bus - R$3,00 + Walking Path
Walk to Washington Luiz Avenue, 6808 (around 10 minutes). Take the bus 5652-10 (Jardim IV Centenario - Pça. Da Sé). The trip is around 10 minutes - 6 stops. The bus service runs every 15 minutes. Get off at Avenida Pedro Alvares Cabral (in front of Detran-SP's old building). Walk to França Pinto Street and follow it until you reach the Hostel da Vila on number 978 (about 11 minutes).


text:
Our CEO, doing less for you, again!
Throughout the history of Kiss My Face we have taken pride in doing less for you. Less ingredients. No parabens. No phthalates. No SLS. No Triclosan-so less to worry about. Of course, we have also done more botanicals, more antioxidants, and more naturally sourced ingredients.
So, I am again happy to tell you we are doing less. In this case, LESS PACKAGING.
First, many of you have written to me asking for more large sizes and more refills. We know that refills give you less packaging per ounce. We are taking a small step by introducing a refill for the fragrance free flavor of our moisturizing hand soapour first hand soap refill in a few years. It is just a startmore to follow in the future on refills (thanks for writing to me about refills). We took a long time looking at this refill. We looked at a lot of different kinds of packaging. Some were rather sexyin a refill kind of way. We looked at light-looking gusseted bagsbut they had a couple different kinds of packaging pushed together creating a package that was, in actuality, difficult to recycle. We looked at very natural looking package structures like bamboobut at a price I was concerned that nobody would buy them! So, where we ended up was with a simple, North American produced, plastic bottle with a recycle # of 1 on the bottom. While I dont love writing plastic, I love writing 1. Benefit of #1 recycles is that they are picked up by most curbside recycling programs. And our refill gives you 37% less plastic per ounce then the 9 ounce pump bottle.
Additionally, we have also started producing bottles with less virgin plastic and our 16 ounce bottles are now all being made with 25% PCR (post consumer recycled) plastics. We are pretty happy with this step. If you read my emails, you know we have looked at a lot of PCR products over the year. But with our commitment to move all of our bottle and tube production back to North America by the end of 2014 (except for stick deodorants, that products production may stay in New Zealand for a whilethere is a very good packaging vendor there who does a very nice job) we looked again at PCR and found some that we think worked and had the right carbon footprint. We will be rolling this out to more bottles in the coming months. But right now every 16 ounce bottle of Kiss My Face moisturizer produced is being produced in a 25% PCR bottle.
I am very excited to have Kiss My Face on the path to 1) North American production of bottles and tubes, and 2) using PCR content in our bottles.
We are also shifting our toothpaste to recycled paperboard in 2014. That will happen in the spring.
And, we have more news like this coming later in 2014. But, in the meantime, let me put-in-a-plug for a bar of soap. A bar of soap is an ancient invention. Now-a-days, most people buy soap in a plastic bottle and a pump. We obviously sell soap in a plastic bottle and a pump. But I am a fan of a soap dish and a simple bar of Kiss My Face olive oil soap. Kiss My Face olive oil soap has just three ingredients and is naturally clean. There are a lot of washes in our bar soap. And a bar of soap is good for both a shower and a sink. Our olive oil bar soap is about as minimally packaged as a soap can be (the wrapper of our single bar are even biodegradable).
So, thats where we are at. We are a group of people just trying to do better each day. So we will continue to work to do less for you again and again in the future!
Steve Michaelson
CEO and #1 Smoocher
(as always, if you have any comments, thoughts or suggestions, you can reach me at email@example.com I try to reply to every email)


text:
Pickton-Pine Forest VFD fundraiser nets about $4,3000 to help obtain a new rescue truck
By FAITH HUFFMAN | News-Telegram News Editor
Aug 10, 2007 - Residents who supported Pickton-Pine Forest Volunteer Fire Department's most recent fundraiser will have two opportunities to have their picture made. Those who still want to participate in the photo fundraiser may do so, as well.
The sale of photographed portraits was met with much success, with the photo drive netting about $4,300 to help fund a new rescue truck, PPFVFD Chief Mark Sustaire said Tuesday.
�It�s going really well,� Sustaire said. "We want to thank everybody that supported this fundraiser. The money will be used to help buy the new rescue truck we�re going to put in service. We hope to have it ready some time this fall."
Those who did take advantage of the opportunity to purchase the 11x14-inch family portraits for $30 each, offered through JBT Marketing Inc., should plan to have their portrait made on one of the next two Sundays.
The first photo session will be from 10 a.m. to 6 p.m. Sunday, Aug. 12, at Pine Forest Community Center. The second photo session will be from 10 a.m. to 6 p.m. Sunday, Aug. 19, at the Pine Forest fire station.
Those who have their portrait made on Sunday, Aug. 12, can also select which view they want during the second session on Aug. 19.
Also, anyone who missed the PPFVFD representatives when they were offering the portraits can still have their photo made by making their donation during one of the two photo sessions.
Older Archives
Looking for News-Telegram Sports and News Archives for January 2004 - November 2008


text:
Campaign for Wool - Bryant Park
Hours: 10am-6pm
Ages: All
Bryant Park Fountain Terrace and Lawn - 678-761-5002
Midtown, NY 10018
Description: On September 27, sheep will be brought in to Bryant Park to graze freely and play center stage in an installation which will transform the outdoor space an interactive woolen wonderland. The park's fountain will be drained for the day and filled with wool and yarn, and several trees and benches in the park will be covered with wool fabric. A table will be set up to showcase how raw wool is sorted. Crafting and knitting stations will showcase wool-centered activities. A custom made bed made primarily of wool will be on site, along with the craftsman who made it, to highlight the process of creating a mattress from wool.


text:
Respect For Runners
I used to hate the idea of running. It was my least favorite part of practice during my time playing different sports in my youth. I thought long distance runners were crazy people. Now? They have my utmost respect. Why? Because I am one of them now.
On Sunday November 20th, I will be running in the Philadelphia Half Marathon for Best Buddies charity. 13.1 miles on a cool, crisp (hopefully not rainy or snow) morning through the streets of Philadelphia isn't exactly relaxing on the weekend. Either way, I'm signed up and have been training for months to get through this.
I'll keep the Hawk listeners and 1057thehawk.com readers up to date on my progress over the next few weeks. This is training crunch time. If I sound winded or tired on the air Mon-Fri, it's probably because I ran 10 miles before coming to the studio that night.
Don't forget to give a watch to the New York City Marathon runners on Sunday morning. 26.2 miles is an outrageous accomplishment. I'm just hoping to make it half that in a few weeks.


text:
Parker Posey: Not A Geek, Still Chic
While she may play neurotic high-powered women on film, actress Parker Posey is decidedly ungeeky. In fact, if the interview she recently did with Switched is any indication, she abhors gadgets all together. She doesn't give any clue as to where her hatred of all things electronic sprang from, but her repugnance translates to some funny anti-tech sentiments. Is it just me, or does she rebuke the iPhone faster than Bill Gates? Highlights include:
- What gadgets do you always bring with you to the set?
I don't.
- What cell phone do you have right now and what to you love or hate about it?
Nokia, plain, no flap. It's easy to replace when lost.
- Where do you go pretty much every time you get online?
A chair or a couch.
- Name one thing you wish your iPod, cell phone, or laptop could do that it doesn't do now?
- What upcoming gadget can you not wait to get your hands on?
The gadget that will make all the gadgets go away.
- BlackBerry, Sidekick, or Treo?
Sure -- I mean, what?
- Are you getting an iPhone -- if so, why?
No, it doesn't make sense.


text: DFDepressed FanDepressed Fan All Sixers, all the time Merry Christmas Everyone! STORYCOMMENTS (2) Mike on Dec 25 at 2:11 Reply +/- That video is awesome! Merry Christmas to you and yours, Bri! Brian on Dec 25 at 3:43 Reply +/- Merry Christmas, Mike. Expand/Contract all comments Leave a comment Comments (You may use HTML tags for style) Home Facebook Twitter Design by Brian Ward ©2013 NEW COMMENTS Tweet


text:
Keyboard ALT + g to toggle grid overlay
Minimise redundancy in your workflow by analysing the model you have already built. Get feedback in real time as you refine the design. Use slope, level and contour analysis to better understand your surface model. Mass haul and earthwork features help contractors and engineers plan the movements, amounts and placements of material during construction.
As designs change, quickly generate mass haul diagrams to help:
In addition to earthworks, you can import customisable rate item lists for use in assigning rate item values to objects in the drawing. Automatically calculate quantities and generate reports based on rate item assignments.


text:
Klashnekoff – Clear My Throat [Video]
U.K Hip-Hop finests Klashnekoff has released the video for his latest single "Clear My Throat" which has covered the classic DJ Kool original. Klashnekoff has also announced the track will be taken from his forthcoming mixtape "Fuck The Long Talk" which will be available to fans in 2012. South Blessed have been credited with directing the video, and you can watch Klashnekoff – Clear My Throat on the video player below.
Please follow and like us:
Category: Videos
About the Author
View Author Profile
Comments (1)
Trackback URL | Comments RSS Feed
There are no comments yet. Why not be the first to speak your mind.


text:
KODM Welcomes Back A Familiar Face to Afternoons – Justin Tate
KODM is proud to welcome back Justin Tate to the Afternoon Drive slot!
You may remember Justin when he held that position a few years ago on LITE FM, or you may remember him as the goofy sidekick from Summer Mummers and various other Midland Community Theater productions. Where ever you might remember him from, we're just glad he's coming back 3 to 7PM weekdays on KODM!
In the meantime you can see Justin at MCT's Improv at the Yucca this Thursday night!


text:
Written on: 11/12/2013 by Chris3107 (1 review written)
I ordered some flowers for my girlfriend at the start of November to be delivered on the 6th of December, the night before I got an e-mail saying my order had been dispatched so I thought all was good. The next day I tracked my order to see it was being processed at Nottingham, I'm from Newcastle so why it was in Nottingham is beyond me!
My order never came as specified on the 6th instead they came on the 9th so you can imagine the condition they were in being locked in a post room all weekend. I emailed Debenhams on the 6th and asked them to contact me on the 9th but heard nothing, phoned them on the 11th to be put on hold for 10 minutes while they read my e-mail, they informed me they would forward my complaint to head office urgently and I would hear from them by close of business that day, you will be shocked to know I still haven't heard a thing.
Absolutely useless I wouldn't buy nettles from them.
As rated by our community of reviewers
" Great Product! " Read More
" Awful , terrible , unprofessional " Read More
" Nice and easy " Read More
" Very unhappy customer " Read More
Written by Maryjo-brianna
" Useless. Failed to deliver on special occasion " Read More


text:
S2K Commerce - Products DropdownActions
S2K Commerce - Order EntryActions
Wire Labels, Wire Markers and Wire Tags
Cable labels are ideal for identifying marine and automotive wire to eliminate guess work for future maintenance, such as labeling wires entering circuit protection devices. Waytek carries cable labels in self laminating laser tags, marker rolls, mylar markers, marker books and 3M Scotchcode write-on markers.
Self-laminating cable tags allow you to laser print the markers, apply them to wire, then wrap a transparent cover over the print, forming a water-resistant laminated wire label. Wire marker rolls and marker books are the most standard marking options. They come in books or rolls of letters and numbers for fast, convenient marking. Mylar wire markers also come in letters and numbers, but their material is heavier duty. They are made of polyester film with a laminated Mylar cover to withstand abrasion, grease, moisture, dirt, solvents and other contaminants. 3M Scotchcode write-on markers allow you to customize your message or note, then wrap a transparent tape over the written portion of the marker.
Waytek also offers custom wire label printing, which prints your custom message on the wire jacketing. For more information on wire printing, call 800.328.2724.
Organize your automotive and marine wires even further with wire drum cones from Waytek Wire, designed to help keep the clutter out of your automotive wire drums, or choose from one of many different electrical wiring accessories (i.e. automotive horns/alarms, cordset blades & plugs, etc). Waytek also offers a variety of different automotive and marine wires & cables, from brake, battery and trailer cables to service cord and speaker wire. Whatever your wire/cable or wire accessory needs are, Waytek's got you covered.


text:
Interview: Joyce DiDonato
A questing mezzo-soprano's journey brings her to the main stage at Carnegie Hall.
Fri Feb 18 2011
Nicholas Heavican
The first time Joyce DiDonato set foot in Carnegie Hall was while rehearsing for her 2003 debut there, a Bach B minor Mass under Peter Schreier. Then a promising lyric mezzo-soprano playing major regional stages, she has since catapulted forward—via awards, new stagings in leading opera houses, and audio and video recordings—to world fame. Along the way she played Carnegie's smaller spaces: a song program at Weill Recital Hall in 2007, Handel arias at Zankel in 2009. Two years later, with a provocative, wide-ranging aria CD, Diva/Divo, newly released and an appearance in the Metropolitan Opera premiere of Rossini's Le Comte Ory on deck, DiDonato faces every musician's Big Hollywood Moment: a recital debut on Carnegie Hall's main stage.
What's more, DiDonato has proved unusually adept at describing her journey. Acknowledged as one of the most accomplished, delightful singers around, she's also among the vocal set's more eloquent and worthwhile writers, as seen on her blog, Yankeediva ((joycedidonato.com/blog). Speaking by phone from Oregon, where her husband, rising conductor Leonardo Vordoni, is rehearsing Turandot, the ebullient Kansas City mezzo confesses her awe at the prospect of playing Carnegie.
"There's a handful of places that you walk into and feel the ghosts: the Palais Garnier, Covent Garden.... Singing in Notre Dame was a pretty cool experience!" DiDonato says. "You enter, and there's atmosphere. At Carnegie you feel, For this concert, I add a few notes to the chain of the hall's history. There have been so many wonderful moments there over the years—not only classical stuff, but things like the Buena Vista Social Club. It's pretty overwhelming, the legacy and the standard of excellence required at that place. Plus, there are things under the radar...like my niece at 16 beating me to a Carnegie debut in one of the summer high-school choral workshops!"
DiDonato's partner for the occasion is the fine Toulouse, France--born pianist David Zobel. The two met in San Francisco's Merola Opera Program in 1997, and bonded over a mutual love for Rossini. At Carnegie, that shared passion is reflected in some rare songs, as well as the staggering Willow Song from the composer's Otello, a highlight on DiDonato's 2009 CD, Colbran the Muse, a tribute to Rossini's wife, Isabella Colbran. "We are good friends, have deep discussions and love our collaborative process," DiDonato says of Zobel. "David has a rare sensitivity and joy in music that I need: to be onstage with someone that loves what they're doing."
Those Rossini items are just one facet of an unorthodox, intriguing program. "Both halves form progressions from angst to redemption and joy—maybe that will resonate with people in New York after the hard winter," DiDonato says. First comes Haydn's impassioned Berenice, che fai?, which portrays a woman negotiating life-and-death stakes between two potential lovers. "It's very dramatic; she goes a little bit crazy at the end. It gives me the chance to be operatic in the song-recital context." After the Rossini rarities, the first half ends with mlodies by Ccile Chaminade, the first female composer awarded France's Lgion d'Honneur. "The song 'L't' caught me hook, line and sinker—it's over-the-top, like airy whipped cream," the singer explains. "Such things need to be sampled in the right dose: that French lavender to clear the palate."
Immediately prior to the nine-city recital tour that ends at Carnegie, DiDonato finished an intense Houston Grand Opera stint playing Sister Helen Prejean in Jake Heggie's Dead Man Walking, the work that furnished her first New York City Opera run in 2002. She's collaborated with the Bay Area--based composer before, notably on an orchestrated version of a quartet of meditations by Sister Helen, The Deepest Desire. At Carnegie, after the sublime tensions of the Otello scene, DiDonato and Zobel unveil Heggie's The Breaking Waves, a Carnegie-commissioned premiere based on poems by the celebrated nun.
"Jake and I have similar artistic visions of what one can do with art and voice," DiDonato explains. "I wanted it to be uplifting, about joy. Sister Helen's four texts have a mystic quality, about light, dark and water. Like Sister Helen, [they're] not preachy or overly theological, but very elemental. She's a big fan of surfing—she has surfing calendars! Finding the right wave can bring bliss."
Joyce DiDonato performs at Carnegie Hall Sun 6.


text:
Australia Japan China Taiwan Brazil
Sign In
Home » Products » DreamVision PCs » DreamVision Desktop / Tower PC $399-$899
From$399 RRP (Inc-GST)
From$699 RRP (Inc-GST)
From$899 RRP (Inc-GST)
From$849 RRP (Inc-GST)
Copyright © 2005 Pioneer Computers Australia. All rights reserved. Terms and Conditions of Sale | Privacy Policy | Disclaimer
All trademarks and logos remain the properties of their respective companies.


text:
Violations of traffic laws result in the needless death of thousands of individuals and injury to many more each year. Many of the deaths and injuries would not have occurred if drivers had obeyed the existing traffic laws. For over forty years, jurisdictions around the world have successfully used photo-enforcement to reduce the violent death and injuries caused by these violations. Enforcement of red light, rail, speed, and toll laws through the uses of photo-technology is a practical and cost effective method to reduce traffic accidents. India does not have advanced photo technology systems for enforcement on a large scale yet.
It is sad but true that there is very little awareness amongst the ruling elite, the politicians and bureaucrats, regarding the tremendous economic loss that the country suffers due to the ill effects of lack of enforcement of traffic rules. This figure could go in crores of rupees although I am not aware of any city in India where the city planners have even computed the figure of economic losses due to traffic congestion and accidents.
This paper covers various aspects of traffic enforcement measures, with particular reference to Pune to bring out how the different parts of the whole transportation system, that is, traffic planning, traffic demand management, parking management, traffic safety management and traffic enforcement measures are interwoven and mere enforcement of rules is not the ultimate in solving traffic problems.
Considering the traffic system as a whole, including the role and resources of the police, it is clear that enforcement based on very high subjective detection probabilities only, will not achieve, even on a satisfactory level, the compliance of all traffic rules. Enforcement is part of the whole transportation system and is not stand-alone. One has to analyse the causes for frequent traffic violations and then choose a combination of systems best suited after diagnosing the causes.
Before adopting the system of punishments for violations and depending wholly on the law enforcement agencies, it is prudent to consider infrastructural and other remedies. Traffic law enforcement is a complex process that includes zero vision or zero tolerance schemes, breath-testing technology for drunken driving (including mobile units) and photo-technology. For law enforcement to succeed, public support is essential. In Pune particularly, it is not only the public but the elected representatives also appear reluctant to implement traffic enforcement measures.
Enforcement - Part of Entire Transportation System and not Stand-Alone
Consequently, the fundamental issue when assessing traffic enforcement is not the principle of deterrence, but the need for increasing enforcement based on deterrence. The common perception is that deterrence principle works in practice and punishments are cost effective. We, therefore, expect a police person at every traffic junction, at every traffic light and at every place where we expect a traffic violation. We, however, never think that deploying a large police force means that the transport management systems have failed. Controlling driver behaviour by means of a threat of punishment is a clear indication that safety management is insufficient, and that the traffic management systems are not functioning as integrated wholes. The systems that require integration are:
§ Traffic Planning,
§ Traffic Demand Management including Parking,
§ Traffic Safety Management,
§ Traffic Enforcement Measures
§ Traffic Planning,
§ Traffic Demand Management including Parking,
§ Traffic Safety Management,
§ Traffic Enforcement Measures
There are a number of examples outside the transport system, in which the infrastructure design itself largely eliminates the possibility of human error resulting in fatal accidents. This is generally not the case within transportation systems. However, newer inexpensive concepts such as bus rapid transit (BRT) in the transport systems provide us with many opportunities to create environments where deterrence may not be necessary. Road users have many constraints that are well recognised. These pertain to the way road users gain access to, process and use information while driving.
There is subjectivity in acquisition, processing and using the information and their applicability largely depends on individual traits, training and background. High speeds particularly accentuate this phenomenon when drivers are unable to enhance their information processing skill resulting in events overtaking their ability to apply the knowledge, which could well be only half-processed. This applies more to low occurrence probabilities or accidents. Additionally, high speeds are rewarding and exciting to a majority of drivers and human nature compels the drivers to take advantage of the opportunities when high speeds go unnoticed or unpunished. Similarly, overtaking from the left is a great temptation as also passing quickly in front of an animal crossing the road rather than from behind. Normally, it is essential to pass an animal from behind because an animal's instinctive reaction is to charge forward if something suddenly comes in front unlike a human being who steps back.
Causes for Frequent Violations
The most common violations resulting in accidents are speeding and overtaking from the wrong side. Complementary violations are jumping traffic signals and entering one-way streets. In other words, the desire is to reach the destination earliest and at any cost. That is, even at the cost of breaking traffic rules. Generally, the individual reaps positive consequences of breaking traffic rules rather than negative. Hence, it becomes more a part of the driving habit to drive in this manner and the illegal system catches on. In Pune, people are amazed if a driver follows traffic rules and they nudge you on if you actually stop at a red signal, especially if a police person is not present!
It is only at the systemic level that the one can appreciate the problems of speeding. A considerable amount of traffic violations are committed accidentally and do not involve deliberate risk taking. In the situation obtaining in Pune, the average driver does not perceive that his behaviour in violating the four cardinal rules (of not over-speeding, not overtaking from the wrong side, not jumping traffic signals and not going against the one-way rule,) does not make sense. Traffic planners can eliminate many of these violations merely by improving the road infrastructure rather than punishing drivers for something their perceptual-motivational system dictates. As per the European Accident Investigation Team's reports, even in serious head-on collisions, less than one-third (30%) can be classified as deliberate risk taking (Karttunen, 1995). In the remaining 70% of cases, a number of measures other than police enforcement - often associated with improved road infrastructure - could have prevented the accidents.
Improving Road Infrastructure and other Remedies
Improved road infrastructure can substantially reduce the need for enforcement. There are actually a number of measures that, when applied extensively, could to a large extent substitute enforcement. These include road humps or speed breakers, road dividers, physically segregated lanes, small roundabouts, sophisticated traffic signal systems, and in-vehicle/infrastructure supported telematics systems such as intelligent speed-limiters or alcohol-interlocks.
According to the Royal Society of Prevention of Accidents (24 Sep. 2001), "Despite the existing requirement for top-speed limiters on the heaviest vehicles, over 80% of HGVs (heavy goods vehicles) and 50% of coaches and buses exceed the speed limits on dual carriageways. On single carriageways, well over 60% of HGVs and 23% of buses and coaches exceed the limits". RoSPA believes that the ultimate aim should be to have intelligent speed limiters fitted to all road-going vehicles, including cars, as a long-term aim that will depend on the results of on-going research and trials.
Sustainable safety
The concept of sustainable safety is part of road safety philosophy. According to this concept, tackling the causes underlying accidents and removing areas of conflict or making these controllable by road users can best guarantee road safety. Where accidents still occur, there should be virtual elimination of the risk of serious injury. The Dutch government has adopted the concept of sustainable traffic safety as an official policy. According to the sustainable safe traffic vision, intrinsic parameters of the traffic system such as road design, vehicle design, and road-vehicle interaction should preferably control vehicle speeds rather than measures such as enforcement that are mainly intended for flanking support.
In the short and medium term, police-enforcement is still necessary to influence speeding. Once speeding is part of a better functioning safety management system, traffic enforcement can concentrate on fewer problem areas without the need for ever-increasing resources that increased traffic volumes create. One of the great challenges currently facing traffic enforcement is to recognise that it is essentially impossible to improve traffic behaviour by means of police forces alone. Police enforcement is an indispensable part of traffic safety management where other measures are also important. The vast number of speeding, wrong overtaking, and other bulk offences will continue to generate accidents.
Traffic Law Enforcement
India needs to establish a national Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), which should be responsible for reducing injuries, deaths, and economic losses resulting from vehicle accidents. Its mission should be to save lives, prevent injuries, and reduce traffic-related health care and other economic costs.
An economic analysis is necessary to compute the loss due to bad traffic planning. NHTSA will assist law enforcement by maintaining the integrity of the tools used by law enforcement in the performance of their duties. For example, it would be impractical and too expensive for each law enforcement agency to set up test laboratories to assure that the speed measuring devices they want to use meet model performance specifications. Thus, NHTSA laboratories test speed measurement equipment so that law enforcement agencies only need to check that the equipment they purchase is NHTSA approved.
Zero vision or Zero Tolerance Scheme (ZTS)
The Pune traffic police in the past have taken a number of initiatives such as, no right turns (NRT), one-way roads, lane discipline, mike announcements at intersections and ZTS. Traffic reforms, however, will fail unless citizens obey the rules under these schemes and the administration creates an environment for passage of pedestrians, cyclists and vehicles. ZTS strikes at the root of traffic disorder. The main culprits in this regard are 2-wheelers because of their sheer numbers: 10 lakhs in a region of 30 lakhs populace. 2-wheelers per lakh of population thus come to an astronomical 33000 or one for every three Punekars, perhaps the highest in the world. Moreover, every year Pune adds about 70000 to 80000 x 2-wheelers. Inevitably, traffic situation becomes precarious requiring drastic solutions. Along with reducing the number of vehicles on the roads, ZTS is a concept that strikes at the root of traffic disorder. The idea to carry out the checks by the type of vehicles is good and application of ZTS by types of vehicles and offences, and along specific routes are three ways to apply zero vision to control traffic chaos. Punishments should be constructive or reformative and not destructive. Thus, the concept behind ZTS is to educate, motivate and dissuade the citizens.
Sweden was the first country to introduce the zero-tolerance principle (Tingvall, 1999). The basis for this vision is the ethical principle derived from road users' abilities and needs. The design and construction of the transport system is to serve all citizens and ensure that a human error in traffic should not lead to a severe injury. The ultimate goal of traffic enforcement, therefore, is zero fatalities.
Hence, the design and construction must be such that it should be impossible for drivers to make fatal errors or that mistakes will not result in fatal accidents. Zero tolerance also means sharing the responsibility for safety. It emphases the need for the deployment of traffic police on the roads. The role of the police, however, is to concentrate on serious misconduct and in an educational role to impress upon the drivers the consequences of rash and negligent driving.
The idea of concentrating routinely on a few serious offences works well. In New York for instance, the traffic police concentrate on drunken driving, jumping signals and crossing the white/amber lines. Once caught, the punishments are severe such as impounding of vehicles in addition to marking the licences. In Pune, however, such stringent measures would immediately draw criticism. The most common traffic violations in Pune are jumping traffic signals, entering one-way streets, overtaking from the wrong side and over speeding. There is very little enforcement of pollution control rules. Motorcycle mounted police officers should carry out surprise checks to checkmate the seasoned lawbreaker dodging police checks by changing routes.
Let us consider how the no-tolerance zone experiment fared in Pune. The police tried it on Jungli Maharaj Road from near the Engineering College hostels up to Khandoji Baba Chowk, a stretch of over four km. It only confirmed the general tendency of drivers to violate traffic rules. The traffic police and the Regional Transport Office (RTO) tried out this zero vision concept between 16 to 21 December 2001 during the peak morning and evening hours. The police had given adequate publicity for the trial Zero Tolerance Scheme. Thus, the drivers well aware that their documentation would be under police scrutiny in addition to the normal traffic checks.
Nearly 3,500 drivers and riders disobeyed traffic rules or they did not carry the correct documentation with them. The traffic police collection in fines was Rs 418550 from 2,923 errant motorists. Besides, the police seized driving licences of 339 persons and confiscated nine vehicles. The RTO staff detained 199 vehicles during the drive. Break-up of those who paid fines includes 1243 two-wheelers, 334 3-wheelers, 106 6-seaters rickshaws, 1206 light vehicles, which included cars, 11 PMT buses and 23 privately owned heavy vehicles.
Police records state that 758 persons faced action for failing to carry driving licences or original copies of various other documents. 448 failed to show Pollution under Control (PUC) certificate, 315 jumped signals, 102 defied no-entries and one-way curbs, 97 halted vehicles beyond stop lines and on zebra crossings after the signal turned red, 192 parked wrongly, 66 cut lanes, 24 drove rashly and 7 used loud horns.
That the ZTS experiment was a success is clear from the feedback from the public. A majority updated the vehicle documents. The pointed reactions, such as, "tolerance for police corruption" or "a little leniency because we are used to breaking laws (!)", are an indication that ZTS made an impact.
A major snag in implementing ZTS is the introduction of new traffic rules. It is necessary to carry out a traffic count to assess its necessity of a new traffic rule such as one-way, no parking or NRT. There should be no 'hit-and-miss' trial. The plan then should be publicised and views of citizens obtained by holding a public meeting of the affected citizens. It is only then that the scheme succeeds. Pune has faced the unsavoury situation when the police had to withdraw the scheme of one-way on Tilak Road in 2002.
Life-Saving Benefits Linked to Traffic Tickets
The Stanford School of Medicine, (26/6/03) at the University of Toronto reported in a paper published in The Lancet that vigilant traffic law enforcement may reduce fatal car crashes. The team found that receiving a traffic ticket reduces a driver's risk of dying in a crash by 35 percent in the weeks following the citation. One million people die and 25 million people permanently disabled from traffic crashes worldwide each year.
The researchers studied public records of 8,975 drivers who had been involved in fatal crashes in Ontario between 1988 and 1998. They found the drivers had 21,501 total tickets for moving violations prior to the date of the crash, averaging about one ticket per driver every five years. The researchers found that 135 drivers had a traffic ticket in the month before the crash and 204 had a conviction in the same month one year before.
Their analysis indicated that the risk of a fatal crash in the month following a conviction was nearly 35 percent lower than in a month with no conviction. The benefit existed for drivers regardless of age, prior convictions and other personal details. The highest life-saving benefits were for drivers who had received convictions that carried a $100 fine and three penalty points against their driver's license (the penalty for exceeding the speed limit by 20 kmph). This protective effect lasted for one to two months and was insignificant after four months.
The researchers said their data also suggest that there is saving of one life for every 80,000 tickets issued; one emergency department visit is prevented for every 1,300 tickets; and $1,000 in societal cost is saved for every 13 tickets. Because traffic laws in Canada and the United States are similar, the findings should apply in both countries. Based on the data, the authors said increasing traffic enforcement measures might further reduce total deaths; conversely, inconsistent traffic enforcement could contribute to thousands of deaths each year. They said their findings could help determine the allocation of scarce police resources toward traffic safety efforts and could result in informed debates on the use of new enforcement technologies such as cameras that snap pictures of red-light runners.
The researchers acknowledged that the public might not welcome the exploration of additional traffic enforcement. "The major impediment to general traffic enforcement is a lack of public support," the researchers note in the paper. "Unlike vaccination or other preventive care, individuals are not gracious at the prospect of a conviction and often resist with subterfuge or argument." This finding is a global phenomenon. In Pune, even the public representatives including the Mayor came on the streets against the use of helmets. The Mayor's political party had passed the law of making wearing of helmets compulsory for 2-wheelers riders. The corporators also came on the streets during the ZTS implementation in 2001 because they contended that there is harassment to citizens when the police check documentation and penalise them for traffic offences! The public largely supports law enforcement but on an individual level, most drivers commit violations and attempt, as best they can, to avoid detection and sanctions.
In India, there is no system of marking driving licences or ensuring that the authorities do not issue bogus duplicate driving licences. Even the system of issuing driving licences is very lax, which is a major cause of accidents.
Long-term Sustainable Concept for Traffic & Transportation Policy
The long-term sustainable concept to control traffic is to offer freedom of mobility to Punekars by improving public transport rather than giving them the freedom of choice for a personalised vehicle. The race to match this uncontrolled growth of vehicles with more and wider roads, flyovers, HCMTR, elevated roads, etc is uneven. An efficient public transport system should take the public faster at affordable rates to their destinations and with more comfort, especially during peak hours, which in turn will minimise the creation of additional road infrastructure.
The Peter Principle, which says that more the office space more the number of occupants and more the useless work that they create. It is the same thing in traffic. More the number of roads, and the wider the roads; more and more traffic, especially passenger cars, would ply on them. A study revealed, "In the Californian context every 1 % increase in lane miles induces 0.9% increase in vehicle travel within 5 years - almost wiping out all the expected benefit. In Asian context with greater latent demand, the effect may be even stronger." Hanson, Mark. 1995. Do Highways Generate Traffic? - From "Taking Steps: "SUSTRAN."
In Mumbai, BEST carries 51% commuters but occupies only 4% of road space. Taxis and cars take up as much as 96 % (12% and 84% respectively) and carry only 49 % traffic (32 % and 17 % respectively). Therefore, when you build flyovers; the major beneficiary is private and not public transport. The priority should be for tackling the traffic problem by discouraging private vehicles on the road, easily achieved by giving a thrust to public transportation, cycling and walking. The statistics of trips by mode are revealing; only 1% each by car and rail, 5% by 3-wheelers and 16% by 2-wheelers while bus (22%), walk (32%) and cycle (18%) form 72% of the total trips by mode in Pune. In fact, citizens see propensity on the part of the authorities to opt for costly options rather than adopt measures that hardly cost anything. The traffic planners should have first worked out the reduction in the use of private vehicles after putting into effect a well thought out plan to strengthen public transport and creating facilities for cyclists and pedestrians. And, after that, they should plan for the resultant traffic over a long-term say 25 years.
Drivers and even pedestrians and cyclists break traffic laws if there is traffic congestion or traffic jams. This is normal human psychology. In Pune, the problem is lack of a road hierarchy. All premises (buildings, areas of land etc.) require access on foot. They also need sufficiently close access by particular categories of motor vehicles to enable people with impaired mobility, emergency services such as fire and ambulance, and the vehicles delivering heavy items of goods, to reach the properties. Providing such access will usually enable access by bicycle and at least the smaller motorized two wheelers. The functional hierarchy of roads comes from the need to reconcile in a single design the functions of providing for the efficient movement of motor vehicles with those for other transport and non-transport uses such as pedestrians and cyclists. It is strongly influenced by the idea that any motor vehicle travelling between a particular origin and destination should intrude as little as practicable into the living areas that it has to pass through on its journey and in the paths of pedestrians and cyclists. Though such an ideal may only be fully achievable in new developments, it does not mean that one should not strive to achieve the ideal in existing established neighbourhoods in the city.
More importantly, it is necessary to reduce the number of passenger vehicles on the road so that traffic is easily negotiable and result in no or little traffic offences. This is only possible by rejuvenating public transport. It is thus necessary to improve bus transport and introduce bus rapid transit and metro as per the needs of traffic volumes and land-use. These methods have proved successful all over the world and Pune Municipal Corporation needs to apply these to Pune.
The base of all mass transit systems such as BRT, LRT (tram), elevated rail or Metro is to have a good public transport system that would cover the areas that the MTS do not. The Pune Municipal Transport is a neglected lot and the politicians and officials have done precious little to give this basic service to the citizens of Pune. A public transport norm is to have between 45 and 60 buses per lakh of population to provide this basic amenity. In Pune, the ratio is just 20 for the past several decades. However, the number of buses (including private) per lakh of population in Delhi is about 100 and even then there is shortage.
Pune needs to encourage non-motorised transport (e.g. walk and cycles). Even in the planned BRTS Pilot Project Hadapsar-Swar Gate-Katraj, PMC has failed to plan a cycle track throughout the corridor. Actually, footpaths and cycle tracks are an essential and inescapable part of a BRT System. The planning for the pilot BRTS only substantiates the general feeling among Pune citizens that mass transit systems are the stepchildren to be ill treated and truncated. If Pune can separate the fast moving traffic from the slow moving ones, there would be less traffic snarls.
The use of private passenger vehicles should be expensive by hiking registration and other levies (pollution, horsepower, etc) coupled with high parking charges to dissuade a motorist to use his vehicle during peak hours of traffic. We need to use parking as a demand management tool by charging heavy parking fees and restricting parking spaces to discourage the use of private vehicles. Industries should consider pay and park even for their own employees in factory and office premises to dissuade employees from bringing their personal vehicles to the office/factory. Motorists do not switch over to public transport if the fares are cheap but only if operating a car is prohibitive.
The PMC has twisted the concept of high capacity mass transport routes (HCMTR) to accommodate private passenger vehicles. PMC is planning elevated roads and tunnels for passenger vehicles. Actually, the PMC builds BRT, plans a metro and makes a show of strengthening and building the capacity of PMT but on the other hand, provides undue facilities to passenger cars. The industry norm for a HCMTR is that it is only for public transport, intermediate public transport (3-wheelers and taxies) and emergency vehicles and not for cars.
Conclusion and Recommendations
Violations of traffic laws result in the needless death of thousands of individuals and injury to many more each year. There is very little awareness amongst the ruling elite, the politicians and bureaucrats, regarding the tremendous economic loss that the country suffers due to the ill effects of lack of enforcement of traffic rules. This figure could go in crores of rupees for each metropolitan city although city planners in India have not even computed the figure of economic losses due to traffic congestion and accidents.
Enforcement is part of the whole transportation system and is not stand-alone. It is not prudent to adopt the system of punishments for violations and depend wholly on the law enforcement agencies. Controlling driver behaviour by means of a threat of punishment is a clear indication that safety management is insufficient, and that the traffic management systems are not functioning as integrated wholes. The systems that require integration are traffic planning, traffic demand management including parking, traffic safety management and traffic enforcement measures.
Infrastructure design itself largely eliminates the possibility of human error resulting in fatal accidents. There are actually a number of measures that, when applied extensively, could to a large extent substitute enforcement. These include speed breakers; road dividers; physically segregated lanes for fast and slow moving vehicles, cyclists and pedestrians; sophisticated traffic signal systems; and telematics systems such as intelligent speed-limiters.
According to the concept of sustainable safety, tackling the causes underlying accidents and removing areas of conflict or making these controllable by road users can best guarantee road safety. Zero Tolerance System strikes at the root of traffic disorder and Pune Police should practice it at regular intervals.
The long-term sustainable concept to control traffic is to offer freedom of mobility to Punekars by improving public transport rather than giving them the freedom of choice for a personalised vehicle. The race to match uncontrolled growth of vehicles with more and wider roads, flyovers, HCMTR, elevated roads, etc is uneven. An efficient public transport system should take the public faster at affordable rates to their destinations and with more comfort, especially during peak hours, which in turn will minimise the necessity to create additional road infrastructure.
The base of all mass transit systems such as BRT, LRT (tram), elevated rail or Metro is to have a good public transport system that would cover the areas that the MTS do not. More importantly, it is necessary to reduce the number of passenger vehicles on the road so that traffic is easily negotiable and result in no or little traffic offences. The use of private passenger vehicles should be expensive by hiking registration and other levies coupled with high parking charges. We need to use parking as a demand management tool by charging heavy parking fees and restricting parking spaces to discourage the use of private vehicles. Industries should consider pay and park even for their own employees in factory and office premises to dissuade employees from bringing their personal vehicles to the office/factory.
Maj. Gen. S. C. N. Jatar, Retd
A 102 Neel Sadan
1426 Sadashiv Peth
Pune 411 030


text:
Rihanna:" I Dressed Like A Boy As A Child.
Rihanna wears as little clothes as possiable and admits that when she was 13 or 14 she used to dress like a boy. "I was very much a boy in my style, my demeaner. All my friends were guys. I loved things that boys did. It was my way of rebelling."


text:
New iPhones Announced Today
Apple is expected to announce the new iPhone today -- in fact, more than one. Rumor has it a cheaper iPhone will also go on sale next month.
High Tech Texan Michael Garfield says he expects at least two new iPhones.
"Rumor is a 5s and a 5c -- c standing for color. Also some that are a little bit more inexpensive.
One thing that's not a rumor is the new Apple mobile operating system.
"All the iPads that you have, all the current iPhones that you have are gonna be upgradeable. They're gonna be pushing a download to upgrade that to iOS7."
The new top of the line iPhone is expected to have a new fingerprint security system and a faster processor to go with the new iOS7. Plus, Garfield says you may be able to take advantage of a new trade-in option.
"iPhone 5, maybe you have an iPhone 4s and if it's in relatively good condition they're gonna give you a gift card to the Apple store; probably anywhere between $250 to $400 and depending on the price of this new iPhone it's gonna be relatively free."


text: Big Hurt back in Oakland April 24, 2008 by Sal Baxamusa 0 Just days after being cut from the Blue Jays, Frank Thomas has landed back in Oakland. With both Mike Sweeney and Thomas on board, something's gotta give. Will Sweeney hit the waiver wire soon? 000« Previous: You'll drink Gatorade and like it!Next: Garland not missing bats »


text:
I'm thinking of buying the PRS-505, but could still use a little advice.
View Single Post
creator of calibre
Posts: 31,156
Karma: 7777777
Join Date: Oct 2006
Location: Mumbai, India
Device: Various
Originally Posted by
Why, Kovid? The tools available to convert to MobiPocket format are, with the greatest respect, just as good as those available to convert to LRF format.
... and why convert at all, if you don't need to?
No, they're not even close, but lets put that aside, since I'm obviously biased
The OP has stated he wants to maintain a collection of deDRMed, format shifted books. Let's consider the two most open and most powerful formats, epub and pdf. The SONY currently has the best epub support of any device, the Cybook, doesn't support it at all. The PDF support on the SONY is superior to that on the Cybook.
As I have explained on a number of other occasions, if you want to maintain your own library, mobipocket is *not* a good format to do it in. If I were advising someone to looking to build a private library, I'd advise them to build it in epub. And the SONY and perhaps the iPhone are the only devices that allow you to enjoy an epub library today.
The only real advantage to MOBI is widespread avaialability to *DRMed* content. Since it is the format that is the easiest to deDRM, it makes no sense to purchase a MOBI only device.
View Public Profile
Visit kovidgoyal's homepage!
Find More Posts by kovidgoyal
Track Posts by kovidgoyal via RSS


text:
The Best Pilot Watches
Name: House Of Horology Bedlam Collection
Material: stainless steel, leather strap
Size: 43mm
Movement: quartz
Key Features: scratch resistant sapphire crystal, anti-reflective coating, water resistant to 100m
Price: $420
Website: houseofhorology.com
Name: Victorinox Swiss Army Original Chronograph
Material: aluminum bezel, nylon fiber middle case
Size: 40mm
Movement: quartz
Key Features: protected crown, screw-in case back, water resistant to 100m, luminescent hands, calendar, NATO style strap, chronograph with 60-second and 30-minute counters
Price: $450
Website: swissarmy.com
Name: Citizen Eco-Drive Blue Angels World Chronograph A-T
Material: stainless steel
Size: 43mm
Movement: quartz
Key Features: atomic timekeeping in 26 cities, radio controlled in North America, UK, Europe, Japan and China, 1/20 second chronograph, measures up to 60 minutes, perpetual calendar, water resistant to 200m
Price: $650
Website: citizenwatch.com
Name: Bulova Precisionist Champlain Collection
Material: stainless steel with curved crystal
Size: 46.5mm
Movement: quartz
Key Features: continuously sweeping second hand, chronograph measurement of hours, minutes, seconds, 1/10-seconds, 1/100-seconds and 1/1,000-seconds, luminous hour and minute hands and markers, calendar, screw-back case, screw-down crown, secure double-pusher fold-over buckle with safety lock, water resistant to 300m
Price: $799
Website: bulova.com
Name: Bell and Ross Vintage Officer
Material: black calfskin
Size: 41mm
Movement: automatic
Key Features: chronograph at 60-seconds and 30-minutes, water resistant to 100m, numerals, index, and hands covered in photo-luminescent coating, sapphire crystal, glare proofed
Price: $2,800
Website: bellross.com
Name: Raymond Weil Freelancer
Material: stainless steel, silver dial with rose gold electroplated indexes
Size: 42mm
Movement: automatic
Key Features: 46-hour power reserve, sapphire crystal case back, sapphire crystal with antiglare treatment, water resistant to 100m
Price: $2,950
Website: raymondweil.com
Name: Bremont Chronograph ALT1-Z ZULU
Material: stainless steel
Size: 43mm
Movement: automatic
Key Features: local time and UTC time display, 42-hour power reserve, scratch resistant PVD treated case barrel, inner bi-directional Roto-Click bezel, water resistant to 100m, anti-reflective and scratch resistant sapphire crystal, COSC chronometer tested, 3-year warranty
Price: $6,050
Website: bremont.com
Name: Concord C1 Chronograph
Material: stainless steel and rubber, gray rubberized alligator leather strap
Size: 44mm
Movement: automatic
Key features: engine-turned silver dial, 48-hour power reserve, black carbon fiber dial, 3-layer dial with date, 30-minute and 12-hour chronographs, water resistant to 200m
Price: $12,800
Website: concord.ch
Get Men's Health style tips sent right to your inbox. Sign up for The Style Siren newsletter.
Name: Roger Dubuis Pulsion Chronograph
Material: PVD titanium, rubber strap
Size: 44mm
Movement: automatic
Key Features: 52-hour reserve power, numerals at 12 and 6 o'clock integrated onto the movement, white SLN on the chronograph minute-circle, black flange, white tachymeter transfers
Price: $38,400
Website: rogerdubuis.com
Be sure your above-the-shoulder look is right as well with these grooming dos and don'ts.
Copyright © 2017 Rodale Inc.


text:
I had my braces removed a week ago and my two upper canine teeth are demineralizing/pitting (something like that). They are bumpy and uncomfortable. The dentist said that I can have a composite layer put over the tooth, then should consider veneers are a permanent option. But my canine teeth are already protruding slightly so if I have the layer put over the tooth they will protrude more. I hate the idea of shaving my teeth down into stubs but I don't want my teeth protruding either.
Do I Need to Get Veneers (Dentist Says I Do)? (photo)
Doctor Answers 8
Do I need Veneers?
Do you like your smile? If you do, then you don't need to do anything.
If you don't like your smile or you feel that your teeth are not proportional then you might consider porcelain veneers.
The decision should be your and not the dentist's
Do I Need to Get Veneers (Dentist Says I Do)?
The decision on whether you should get veneers needs to be something that you want to do; not what your dentist wants you to do. If you are happy with the way your teeth look and feel, leave them alone. You can do cosmetic bondings as a temporary fix but know that these will eventually chip, stain, and need to be replaced. If you are unhappy with your teeth, my recommendation would be to see a cosmetic dentist about veneers. Porcelain veneers will give you a really amazing result as far as making them all even and give them that beautiful shine. Yes, veneers are permanent, however, if done by a properly trained dentist, they will take a very a very small amount of tooth structure off during their preparation of the tooth and they will look very natural. We see many patients that come to get veneers after their braces come off. I would recommend getting opinions from several cosmetic dentists so you can take all the info and make an informed decision. Make sure you thoroughly research your dentist to ensure they are properly trained to do cosmetics. Ask to see lots of examples of their work!
Less Invasive procedure first always!
Hi Neslie in Toronto...You just finished with Braces. Your teeth look good and nothing needs to be done at the moment. If you are uncomfortable with the way they feel, I would have them bonded, which will smooth the surface. If you still are unhappy with the size of the canines, then a possible minimal amount of reduction and contouring would work. I would not jump on the veneer bandwagon right away! Start with simple less invasive procedures that are less costly, and if you are not happy, work your way up to veneers.
You might also like...
"Need" is hard to tell
Nothing "needs" to be done, but goals may only be satisfied in specific ways. If a tooth is too large or protruding, making it smaller is the only way to change it. If very minimal amounts are needed, then enamelplasty (shaping/contouring) may be all you need. If you need more than 0.5 mm reduction, then veneering may be best.
While removal of tooth structure would be needed, it is usually MUCH less than people think ("ground down to stubs"). It is often the same thickness as a fingernail. Anything more than that is often a sign of inexperience by the operator.
Learn more: http://www.DrTimmerman.com
Do I need veneers?
You may want to consider a procedure enamelplasty first it may help smooth your teeth and help with protrusion good luck
Kevin Coughlin DMD, MBA, MAGD CEO Baystate Dental PC
Do I Need Veneers
Veneers would certainly be an option but yes, unless some preparation was done adding non prep veneers would make the tooth more protruding. Some conservative bonding could be done without making the tooth more protruding and would probably be the place to start as it is conservative and reversable.
Do I need veneers after Ortho?
Looking at the photo's its hard to see any pitting in the teeth but what can be seen is that Veneers would provide a beautiful result. The fact that you have been through Orthodontics (braces) means the teeth should be lined up fairly well, minimizing the need to "shave" down your teeth. If anything it looks more likely that the teeth surrounding your Canines would be built out a bit to give you a beautifully symmetrical smile. You would not be looking at shaving your teeth down to stubs.
If you decided to go with Veneers, i would absolutely start with a proper Diagnostic Wax up with putty indexes. these can then be used to create mock up temporary Veneers that can be put on your teeth to visualize the final outcome. ( Try before you buy ) I think you would be pleasantly surprised at the results you can achieve with very minimal tooth removal. I would also suggest a very minimal amount of laser gum contouring be considered.
Veneers for Pitting Teeth After Braces Removal
Your dentist should try polishing the surfaces of the rough/pitted teeth, supplemented by minimal bonding. From your photos, I can't really see the pitting, so I don't know the extent.
These answers are for educational purposes and should not be relied upon as a substitute for medical advice you may receive from your physician. If you have a medical emergency, please call 911. These answers do not constitute or initiate a patient/doctor relationship.


text:
This 18 karat yellow gold "Delicati" pendant by Marco Bicego is hand engraved with the time-honored bulino technique and features a cushion cut irregular faceting london blue topaz on an adjustable 18-inch chain.
A Note from Kevin Main: The images displayed on our site feature finished jewelry as a complete design. Stone color, carat weight, and scale may vary slightly from piece to piece, occasionally affecting prices. We are committed to successful communication with our clients so they can be thrilled to own any piece of jewelry from Kevin Main Jewelry. Please feel free to call us to verify the price and features of each piece in our gallery.
You may also like these products


text:
Donald "Donoe" Charles LeBoeuf, 72, a native of Bourg and resident of Houma, died at 5:12 p.m. on Wednes-day, Dec. 28, 2005.
Visitation will be from 5 to 10 p.m. Monday at Chauvin Funeral Home and from 9 a.m. to funeral time Tuesday at Annunziata Catholic Church. Mass will be at noon Tuesday at the church, with burial in Holy Rosary Cemetery.
He is survived by his loving and devoted wife, Luci Britton LeBoeuf of Houma; four sons, Randall LeBoeuf of Tyler, Texas, John LeBoeuf of Pittsburg, Kan., Jason and Donavan LeBoeuf of Ridge, N.Y.; one daughter, Catina Porche of Houma; one sister, Geneieve Bourg of Covington; and 12 grandchildren.
He was preceded in death by his first wife, Theresa Clements LeBoeuf; his parents, John LeBoeuf and Alice Matherne LeBoeuf; one son, Blake LeBoeuf; one daughter, Monica LeBoeuf Deroche; four brothers, Theoplie LeBoeuf, Maurice "Jack" LeBoeuf, Carl LeBoeuf, and Nolan LeBoeuf; and three sisters, Roberta Galley, Alice Marcel, and Juanita Picou.
He was retired from 38 years as a Plant Operator for Freeport McMoran.
He was a U.S. Army veteran and served in the La. National Guard.
He loved to fish and work outside. He was a loving, kind and compassionate person with a big heart and a great sense of humor who showed such courage and great strength throughout his illness. He loved his wife, children and grandchildren. He always said he knew he was rich by the friends he had in his life. He had such a great faith in his loving God throughout his life and up till the very end of it. He will be sadly missed by family, friends and his toy poodle Gingerbread.
He was a parishioner and an usher at Annunziata Catholic Church.
In lieu of flowers, donations may be sent to Diabetes association, P.O. Box 1131, Fairfax, Va. 22038-1131, and the National Kidney Foundation, 30 East 33rd St., New York, N.Y., 10016.
Chauvin Funeral Home is in charge of arrangements.
Donald LeBoeuf
Donald "Donoe" Charles LeBoeuf, 72, a native of Bourg and resident of Houma, died at 5:12 p.m. on Wednes-day, Dec. 28, 2005.