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Rose Massey (Page TWO) ~ Mother of Kathryn "Katy" Krause
2009 — Doylestown, PA
Rose Massey was the Mother of Katherine (Massey) Foster, there was also a sister who lived near by. I remember "Rose" as being "Nanny", Kathrine and John Foster has a son, Jim and daughter, Joanne. Jim married Barbi Ennis (1964) and they had 2 children, Donna (1966) and Bambi (1968). Nanny would mostly be home with John and Katie (1960's), at their home behind the "Foster's Toy Store" which was next to the "Foster's Bycicle Shop" and on the back end of the property, on the next street over was John's "Foster's Goodyear Tire Store"
Across from the Tire Store was the most beautiful scene, the large yard/property and the "Henry Mercer Museum" at the top of the rise. Doylestown PA was fameous for it's rollling hills and many interesting sights.
9 July, 2009 Barbi Ennis Connolly
***** Photo now and Rose husband was Conrad Krause, father of Katy and Helen *****2014


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Nearly 400 years ago brave men and woman came to America in search of Liberty and Freedom. They persevered against all odds, and on this great holiday ingrained friendship, giving, and a sense of community into American core values.
Please remember those who cannot be with their families this Thanksgiving, those who fight to protect this great Nation, and the values they instill throughout the world. Remember that every day they make sacrifices to allow for an enduring United States, and that they remain the greatest beacon of freedom and liberty for all.
Frank Guinta

subset: commoncrawl


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Allied Irish, Greencore, Vodafone: U.K., Irish Equity Preview
The following is a list of companies whose shares may have unusual price changes in U.K. and Irish markets. Stock symbols are in parentheses and prices are from the last market close.
The benchmark FTSE 100 Index advanced 28.34, or 0.5 percent, to 5,896.25. The FTSE All-Share Index rose 0.4 percent, while Ireland's ISEQ Index gained 0.7 percent.
Allied Irish Banks Plc (ALBK ID): The Dublin-based lender's offer to buy back more than $5 billion of subordinated bonds may be taken up by about 75 percent of investors, the Sunday Times reported, citing unidentified sources. The stock rose 0.4 percent to 26.9 euro cents.
BG Group Plc (BG/ LN): Argentina must pay BG Group Plc more than $185 million in damages for losses the company incurred from an investment in one of the country's gas companies. The shares gained 1.1 percent to 1,313 pence.
BP Plc (BP/ LN): The oil company's refinery in Whiting, Indiana, released oil and hydrogen sulfide after a pipe developed a leak, according to a filing with the National Response Center. The shares rose 0.7 percent to 497.30 pence.
Circle Oil Plc (COP LN): The Irish explorer focusing on North Africa reported a further discovery of natural gas in Morocco, at both the Main Hoot Target and the secondary Guebbas target. The stock declined 1.3 percent to 37 pence.
De La Rue Plc (DLAR LN): Francois-Charles Oberthur Fiduciaire SA and Bain Capital LLC plan to increase their bid for De La Rue Plc, the Sunday Times reported, without citing anyone. The stock advanced 0.7 percent to 819.5 pence.
Greencore Group Plc (GNC ID): The Dublin-based foodmaker said yesterday it will consider its "options" after English food maker Northern Foods Plc agreed to accept a cash offer from Ranjit Boparan's Boparan Holdings Ltd. The stock plunged 5.3 percent to 1.203 euros.
ITV Plc (ITV LN): The U.K.'s biggest commercial broadcaster was raised to "outperform" from "neutral" at Credit Suisse Group AG, with a target price of 100 pence. The shares slipped 0.9 percent to 75.2 pence.
Lloyds Banking Group Plc (LLOY LN): The London-based lender's incoming Chief Executive Officer Antonio Horta-Osorio may speed up plans for asset sales, the Sunday Times reported, without saying where it got the information. The shares rose 0.8 percent to 67.37 pence.
Northern Foods Plc (NFDS LN): BH Acquisitions and Northern Foods Plc said they have reached an agreement on the terms of a recommended cash offer to be made by BH Acquisitions for the entire issued ordinary share capital of Northern Foods. The stock climbed 4.1 percent to 63 pence.
Serco Group Plc (SRP LN): The provider of outsourcing services said it's not in talks over any "major transaction" after a newspaper reported the company had offered $2 billion ($3.2 billion) to buy SRA International Inc. The shares rose 0.1 percent to 558 pence.
Vodafone Group Plc (VOD LN): The world's biggest mobile- phone operator, which is in a dispute with Essar Group over their joint venture in India, said its partner failed to provide "material" information to the market on a proposed merger of the Asian company's stake. In separate news, Vodafone Group Plc may hire Unilever Plc Chairman Michael Treschow to take the same role at the phone company, the Sunday Times reported, without citing anyone. The shares gained 1.7 percent to 175.7 pence.
To contact the reporters on this story: Blanche Gatt in London at firstname.lastname@example.com; Jack Jordan in London at email@example.com.
To contact the editor responsible for this story: Colin Keatinge at firstname.lastname@example.com.


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A tip to the oldsters: YOLO is an acronym for "You Only Live Once."Click here for video1) What was the inspiration for this poem?The inspiration behind this poem was just digging a little deeper into Romans 6. I realized even though we affirm the resurrection we really don't live as if it's true. Thinking about the fact that Jesus was really dead between the cross and the resurrection let it sink in a little more. Trying to put ourselves in the shoes of the disciples makes us realize just … [Read more...]
Death Of Yolo by Jefferson Bethke
November 18, 2012 by Leave a Comment


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During the visit during the last week of July, Watkins and his family met with Northwestern coaches, toured campus, and were sold on him becoming a Wildcat. Watkins made his intentions official as he committed to Northwestern.
"Everything they saw -- the academics, seeing him play, the level of football, the Big Ten -- they were just very impressed," said John Rodenberg, head football coach at Moeller High School.
Watkins, a 5-foot-11, 180-pounder, is Northwestern's 16th verbal commitment. He will play defensive back for the Wildcats.
"The fact that he had the opportunity to play defensive back is something he wants to do," Rodenberg said.
"He's a shutdown corner, he's a 4.4 kid. ... When Moeller plays basketball, he clamps down on the best player because they play a lot of man-to-man defense. He suffocates."
Northwestern assistant coach Randy Bates served as the lead recruiter of Watkins. He and head coach Pat Fitzgerald built a strong relationship with Watkins throughout the recruiting process.
"I think they made him very comfortable," said Rodenberg. "They did a great job recruiting him."
The most important selling point of Northwestern for Watkins and his family was the combination of academics, football, and being close to home; in summary, finding the perfect fit. The campus visit closed the deal in making Watkins a Wildcat.
"When they met with the coaches, the latched," said Rodenberg. "They feel comfortable that he can fit in there. That's huge. They're a tight family."
Watkins discusses his commitment in this FOX Sports NEXT feature.
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This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).
The concept of the information society is now a common one, as opposed to the industrial society that dominated the economy during the last years. It is assumed that all sectors should have access to information and reap its benefits. Elderly people are, in this respect, a major challenge, due to their lack of interest in technological progress and their lack of knowledge regarding the potential benefits that information society technologies might have on their lives. The Naviga Project (An Open and Adaptable Platform for the Elderly and Persons with Disability to Access the Information Society) is a European effort, whose main goal is to design and develop a technological platform allowing elder people and persons with disability to access the internet and the information society. Naviga also allows the creation of services targeted to social networks, mind training and personalized health care. In this paper we focus on the health care and information services designed on the project, the technological platform developed and details of two representative elements, the virtual reality hand rehabilitation and the health information intelligent system.
Today, developed countries have great difficulties with effective health services and quality of care in a context marked by the population ageing. This general world trend, that can be seen in
People live longer in developed countries as a result of better living and health conditions. For example, in North America only 4.5% of population over 65 years old lives in nursing homes, a percentage that has decreased in recent years. The elder population is increasingly prepared for aging well due to a decrease in disability, resulting in the elderly being more active in their daily lives. Despite the improvement in conditions for coping with ageing and an increasingly active lifestyle, there are obvious changes that occur in behaviors and skills during the latter part of life.
These changes may include decreases in social relations and physical abilities, loss of memory, comprehensive and cognitive functions. Previous studies have shown that the ageing process is accompanied by a decrease in neuromotor and cognitive functions. Compared to young people, the elderly demonstrate poor performance on tests, including reaction times, motor coordination, short-term and complex or abstract conceptualization. In general, these changes result in a decline in the quality of life.
Another important impact that can be seen particularly in persons living in nursing homes is boredom. Participation in social activities does not necessarily improve this feeling and sometimes creates negative attitudes in participants, although activities based on individual preferences can have positive effects and help to overcome boredom, increasing the quality of life for elderly. It is a challenge to find innovative activities that involve the aged and encourage them to keep on practicing with the activity.
An adequate understanding of the disuse of motor and cognitive functions can help to prevent the decline in these skills and participation in activities based on individual preferences can reduce boredom. There is a real need for activities that address these two concepts, and these activities may be none other than for example mental exercises and social networks specially designed for seniors.
The current trend is to improve the quality of life of elderly people not only extending the lifetime. The "gerontechnology", see for example [
The Naviga project (2009–2012) is an European initiative funded by the Eurostar R&D program, whose main objective is to provide these collective tools, devices and methods to enjoy personal autonomy and a better quality of life, to do that, within the project we are developing an integrated technological platform to provide for example Internet access through a computer or TV.
In addition, the proposed platform will facilitate the incorporation of elders and people with different functional capacity to the Information Society, through the use of special input devices, an adaptable Web Navigator, social networks, applications to improve the cognitive ability (serious games) and personalized health services.
The consortium comprises five SMEs conducting research (investment min. 20% of annual turnover in R & D), a university and two end users are also involved in the project (an hospital and a daily care health centre located in Madrid area).
The Naviga project, through the use of information and communication technologies, intended to cover a range of social and health objectives aimed to improve access to the Information Society by the elderly and people with disabilities. Within Naviga we will develop an open platform and adaptive technology for various purposes detailed in the following subsections.
As Technological oriented objectives we can mention the following:
Development of an adaptive communication interface between user and computer or television, facilitating the understanding of Internet and new technologies to people with a low-tech profile, while encouraging its use by providing a simple and friendly human machine interface. Integration with different support products on the market to ensure that users can use those techniques. A platform development that allows rapid creation of services and applications specifically designed for the elderly and disabled people with a common API.
Development of an adaptive communication interface between user and computer or television, facilitating the understanding of Internet and new technologies to people with a low-tech profile, while encouraging its use by providing a simple and friendly human machine interface.
Integration with different support products on the market to ensure that users can use those techniques.
A platform development that allows rapid creation of services and applications specifically designed for the elderly and disabled people with a common API.
In this case, the main social objectives lie on the attempt to bridge the gap that prevents the elderly and people with disabilities access the Information Society. To do this, we are developing simple mechanisms for interaction between technical elements (computer, television or special input devices in place of keyboard) and people like, for example, an accessible Web browser to improve usability through the use of alternative hardware to keyboard or voice commands. The browser will be compatible with common support and aid products for elder people. We are also developing a social network among people with the same disability, where users can find people with common interests and concerns, as well as share information, experiences and advice.
Similarly, the Project will provide a range of health-oriented goals that help elderly remain active through mental training exercises and, otherwise, assist medical staff in the task of monitoring the treatment of these people from homes, through services and games that allow mental training (mind training), suggesting exercises to keep the mind active and getting people to communicate and participate to a greater extent in their social community. This will prevent premature degeneration of mental activity, and improves the senior's mood with functional diversity by increasing the feeling of being useful to society around them.
Although little is known about the perceived benefits of mental games for the elderly [
Development of personalized health services is also a part of the Naviga's objectives, such as warning and reminder system for medication adherence through an automatic smart pill dispenser or home rehabilitation physiotherapy through virtual reality applications. In the last case, the main goal is to recover the functionality of the hand of patients using a glove that makes measurements of the angles of each phalanx up to 22 degrees of freedom with high accuracy. The device uses a strain sensing technology that transforms the movement of the hand and fingers to digital data in real time. In medicine Virtual Reality is employed for surgical simulation training (e.g., [
The project has also included a module for personalized access to health information in the Internet. Some components of this development have been made following MedicalMiner project objectives, that can be found in [
Among the initial services of the platform, there are technical difficulties related to the application area. For example, the development of an accessible Web browser must be multimodal and interoperable in order to take into account the needs of all members of the group, which greatly complicates the solution due the diversity of users. Also, the use they make of the social network can be very different, both, use objectives (social relationships, share experiences, recommend support products) and access to services, must provide simple user interfaces, easy to use and highly adaptability to the preferences and characteristics of each person. Our platform allows integrating the specific elements of all the targeted users of the project.
Firstly, the connection to the platform in an interoperable way of different support products and communication interfaces, integrating health monitoring devices that generate medical alerts, fall detection systems and security alarms, and devices that enable accessibility to users with motor or cognitive disabilities to information and entertainment services. The number of support products available in the market is very high, but often not compatible with each other or have the same degree of utility to different users who share a disability. It is therefore necessary to develop a common multi-modal interface that simplifies the integration between computers and any specific support product. It should also be kept in mind the need for multi-channel access, granting Internet navigation through the computer, television or mobile devices.
Second, the development of a set of tools to create and deploy services and applications to guarantee compatibility and rapid integration of new services and devices on the platform, while providing a common adaptive and easy to customize interface for user interaction, that is the function of Common Access Platform (CAP), pictured in
The main module inside the CAP is the so called "PANORAMA" which implements the user GUI and has a similar behavior to the Windows desktop, but with some innovative characteristics that allow meets the specific 65+ user requirements (size of icons, colors,
A special feature of the CAP is that it must be able to speak and perform voiceovers at the request of any other module or plug-in in the platform. This ability to speak is performed by TTS module (Text to Speech), which will be able to interpret instructions to carry out a phrase, change of speaker or speed, volume,
Virtual Reality (VR) is a human-computer interface technology that allows the user to experience and interact with virtual environments. The three-dimensional graphics and the possibility to interact with the environment give the participant the feeling that he is part of this world: immersion is the professional term for this. Stereo sound may contribute to the immersion, as well.
Virtual Reality is used in medicine for surgical simulation training, three-dimensional anatomy and surgery planning. Also Virtual Reality is successfully used in the treatment of phobias. Virtual environments are safe, controlled environments and therefore attractive environments for the treatment of phobias. Besides the feeling of safety the patient has to experience the virtual environment as real and has to feel a part of it in order to conquer the fear. From these studies it is concluded that it is possible to create a virtual environment that it is experienced as real and immersive. After the successful treatments of phobias with Virtual Reality more and more interest arises for Virtual Reality in cognitive and physical rehabilitation, see for example [
In the framework of the Naviga project, we have chosen a health service for hand rehabilitation based on Virtual Reality for the improvement of the patient's outcome. This service is fully integrated within Naviga Platform allowing users to do rehabilitation exercises at home. In the current state of the project, the VR hand rehabilitation system has been already implemented. We have designed its function in coordination with doctors of a Madrid area Hospital and we'll evaluate the results with a set of users in a next phase.
Subjects taken part on the rehabilitation therapy are mainly patients who had a traumatic hand injury or surgery due to a disease. Patients after brain injury and with cognitive and mobility handicap are not often taking part of this rehabilitation sessions, although sometimes they are included and can represent also a challenging task for the therapists. Rehabilitation sessions are based on exercises involving actions related to an object:
Reaching objects at different heights and positions. Grasping objects of different shapes and sizes. Functional manipulation of objects.
Reaching objects at different heights and positions.
Grasping objects of different shapes and sizes.
Functional manipulation of objects.
The service is based on a CyberGlove® equipment. This data glove is a lightweight, comfortable, fully instrumented glove that provides up to 22 high-accuracy joint-angle measurements. It uses proprietary resistive bend sensing technology to transform, with high accuracy, hand and finger motions into real-time digital joint-angle data. An option to the glove, the CyberTouch system provides vibrotactile feedback to the fingers and palm.
The VR-Hand Rehabilitation Service enclosed within Naviga can be defined as observed in
The software developed within the VR-Hand-Rehabilitation service it composed of the following modules:
Module 1. Database Configuration of the system. Module 2. DataGlove Initialization. Module 3. DataGlove Calibration. Module 4. DataGlove Re-Calibration. Module 5. Real-Time VR System Application. Module 6. Offline Session Reconstruction.
Module 1. Database Configuration of the system.
Module 2. DataGlove Initialization.
Module 3. DataGlove Calibration.
Module 4. DataGlove Re-Calibration.
Module 5. Real-Time VR System Application.
Module 6. Offline Session Reconstruction.
These modules cover from the Initial Local Database and DataGlove Configuration to the execution of a rehabilitation session and further analysis.
The intelligent systems group at Universidad Europea de Madrid has carried out a notable effort building and testing a medical named entity recognition system over clinical and medical reports, using two main stages: first, an offline medical terms retrieval and, two, an online recognition over a text entered by the user. These high level processes are sketched in
The proposed system pre-processes a set of medical terms compiled into lists, which are then used by the Gazetteer component of the ANNIE system included in the GATE distribution. To build these lists of medical terms we have preprocessed data from Freebase, using the MQL service [
Freebase structures the content based on the called topics, types, domains and properties. The topics group descriptive information associated with a named entity (we use the name to the NER online task) and they keep a semantic relation with the types and properties: The topic "is_a" type or "has_a" property. The types are grouped into domains (e.g., medicine, travel,
Freebase has also been employed in other areas, such as the works in the context of integration of knowledge, e.g., in [
We have extracted the concepts tagged as "MedicalTopicName" for the two available languages in the XML, English and Spanish. Other information included in these files (one for each language) are the classification groups found within the contents of MedlinePlus, among which is the Seniors group that enables the system to discern the issues of interest to older people.
Online processing phase mainly consists in the recognition of entities (previously stored in lists) on medical texts, showing supporting information on those that are of concern for the seniors in a suitable format and language.
We have developed a Web user interface and an XML service. As an example, assuming an input text containing the term "prostate cancer", we would have the option to filter the content for both entries from MedlinePlus to those from Freebase, marked on blue in
Integration of this module with the Naviga CAP through SOA provides an intelligent mechanism for the recognition of medical concepts especially relevant for older people, for whom it might be interesting to have their own medical history stored into the platform.
An evaluation of this module has been carried out with very positive results [
The Naviga Project (An Open and Adaptable Platform for the Elderly and Persons with Disability to Access the Information Society) has as goal the design and develop of a technological platform allowing elder people and persons with disability to access the Internet and the Information Society. In this paper we have focused on the health care and information services designed on the project, the technological platform developed, and details of a representative element already in function, the virtual reality hand rehabilitation. As mentioned above, from the point of view of development, the project's expected results are:
A hardware interface device adaptable to all seniors and people with disabilities enabling the interaction with computer or television. A framework (tools and methods) to create and deploy services and applications. The development of services including a Web browser that allows access for elders and disabled people to the Internet. Two technology demonstrators in the field of e-Health and entertainment. An analysis of business opportunities and business requirements (identifying their strengths and weaknesses) for the successful commercialization of the project results.
A hardware interface device adaptable to all seniors and people with disabilities enabling the interaction with computer or television.
A framework (tools and methods) to create and deploy services and applications.
The development of services including a Web browser that allows access for elders and disabled people to the Internet.
Two technology demonstrators in the field of e-Health and entertainment.
An analysis of business opportunities and business requirements (identifying their strengths and weaknesses) for the successful commercialization of the project results.
During the running of Naviga project two case studies/scenarios are being implemented to demonstrate the functionality of the framework developed. One dealing with rehabilitation at home based on virtual reality, while another scenario will be developed and evaluated in a care centre for elders and people with disabilities aiming their access to the Information Society through the adaptable Web browser and in particular social networks and mental training. The scenarios will have real participation of end users to validate the technological advances.
The R+D+i Project Naviga described in this paper is partially funded by the Center for Industrial Technological Development (CDTI) as part of the "Subprograma Interempresas Internacional" (CIIP-20091007) and some modules have been partially funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (TIN-2009-14057-C03-01).
Demographic change according to the foresight of the United Nations. Available online:
United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2011). World Population Prospects.
Naviga's Technology Platform.
A detailed High Level View of the Common Access Platform.
Naviga—VR-Hand-Rehabilitation Service. Blue blocks represent the interfaces involved in this service.
Data Glove Initialization subsystem.
Health information service for elderly architecture.
MQL offline query pattern.
Relevant entity recognition from MedlinePlus for seniors.
Relevant entity recognition from Freebase for seniors.
Selected freebase types and properties.
|Disease or medical condition
|Risk Factors
|Medical treatment
|Side effects
|Used To Treat
|Symptom of
|Side effect of
|Risk factor
|Diseases with this Risk Factor


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Sometimes other people do such fine GetReligion-esque media criticism that we just like to point at it and then walk away. So that's precisely what I'm going to do with Melinda Henneberger's piece "Are there more abortion doctors like Kermit Gosnell? And do we want to know?" that ran online at the Washington Post. What [Read More…]
Breaking the silence on abortion doctors like Gosnell
April 30, 2013 by mollie
Filed Under: Journalism, Politics, Social Issues, Uncategorized, Web/Tech Tagged With: abortion, abortion doctors, Alisa LaPolt Snow, born-alive infant protection act, Kermit Gosnell, media bias, Melinda Henneberger, National Abortion Federation, personhood, Planned Parenthood, President Obama, Washington Post


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I went in to this interview with Peter Boghossian sincerely not knowing what to expect. He's a professor of philosophy at Portland State College, and my entire knowledge of philosophy comes from a single class I took freshman year of college which, to be frank, did not go well.
But I loved Peter's take on why philosophy is important and how it can actually be applied to help society at large.
[Click headline for more…] [Read more…]


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Social Events
I'm so happy I joined DGAN when I moved to the western suburbs! The Club has been hugely helpful to make me feel like the Downers Grove area is home.
Finding DGAN helped me survive our move to Illinois. Before I found the group, I had a hard time finding new friends or women with similar interests. It's great to find a group where everyone is interested in meeting new people and having fun!
I have met so many ladies in our community and my kids have met many new friends before even starting school. It's nice to see familiar faces when walking around town.


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JERUSALEM (Aug. 18)
The possibility of avoiding a Cabinet crisis was seen here today, after a visit paid by Prime Minister Moshe Sharett to Israel Rokach, leader of the General Zionist Party who is also a member of the Cabinet. Consultations between the leaders of the Mapai and the General Zionists, with a view to preventing a Cabinet crisis, also took place today at the home of Mr. Rokach, who is indisposed.
It is understood that Prime Minister Sharett is inclined to settle the dispute that has arisen between the Mapai and the General Zionists–the two largest groups in the Parliament–by a compromise. Mr. Sharett's proposal is that the existing agreement between the two parties to introduce legislation aimed at eliminating small political parties should be confirmed; but the Prime Minister suggests that the implementation of this pact be postponed until after Parliament is reconvened following its summer recess.
The dispute between the Mapai and the General Zionists was precipitated when the Mapai suggested that the agreement should not be implemented before May, 1955, about two months before the next scheduled parliamentary elections. The General Zionists insisted that the agreement be implemented now. They threatened that their four Cabinet members would no longer back the policy of the Prime Minister, and that their 20 deputies in Parliament would cast their votes in a way that would deprive the government of the needed majority, thus bringing about the fall of the present Mapai-dominated Cabinet.
At his meeting today with Mr. Rokach, Prime Minister Sharett sought to find a solution satisfactory both to the Mapai and the General Zionists. He indicated that he is ready to meet the request of the General Zionists half-way. Following the talk between Mr. Sharett and Mr. Rokach, the General Zionist members in Parliament were advised by their leaders not to vote against certain clauses in the income-tax law presented by the Cabinet to the Parliament, despite the fact that the General Zionists oppose these clauses.
As a result of this move, the income-tax law was passed today by the Parliament, with the General Zionist deputies merely abstaining from voting, thus avoiding their first opportunity for creating a Cabinet crisis. Further talks between leaders of the Mapai and the General Zionists will take place, and indications today pointed to an optimistic outcome as a result of the talks.


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Buildings account for roughly 40% of the world's energy consumption. But is it possible to build a structure that is energy-neutral? Here's a look at how architects and engineers imagine we'll live and work in the skyscrapers of the not-so-distant future
You pull into the parking lot at work and plug in your electric car. Above you, walls covered with solar panels soak up the sunshine, and turbines built into the structure spin in the light breeze; the building's shape helps to funnel the wind over the blades at greatly increased speed, feeding electricity into generators. Your office is sunny and cool, since the insulated windows let in sunlight but filter out excessive heat; besides, the place is cooled using water drawn from the nearby lake. (In winter, heat exchangers collect and concentrate the heat generated by sunlight, machinery and people.) In the bathroom, you wash your hands with rainwater collected on the roof and heated by geothermal energy drawn from the Earth's core. (The, uh, waste you've just flushed away will be converted into electricity by methane digesters.) At lunchtime, most of the ingredients on the cafeteria's menu come from the rooftop farm. As you head home at day's end, the automatic LED lights in your office switch off behind you.
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When stocks are down, bonds are down and the dollar is down, it is hard to pass up a chance to take a trade in favor of rising yields.
The best way to do that is with a bearish trade on iShares Invest Grade Corp. Bond ETF (LQD). This ETF holds high-quality corporate bonds.
LQD saw a 2% drop last week, and has broken out below a rising wedge pattern. That is a bearish signal that should continue to play out as investors look for opportunities outside the bond bubble. Although the options on LQD have been actively traded, liquidity (despite the name) is a little low.
Volatility is rising, but the options are still priced in an acceptable range.
Recommendation: Buy to open the LQD September 112 Puts (LQD130921P00112000)
InvestorPlace advisors John Jagerson and S. Wade Hansen are co-founders of LearningMarkets.com, as well as the co-editors of SlingShot Trader, a trading service designed to help you make options profits by trading the news. Get in on the next trade and get 1 free month today by clicking here.
Follow John Jagerson and Wade Hansen at Google+!


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Boutique relocates to city's shopping district
Danielle Shaffer, owner of Aw Else Boutique, will be moving her business to Greensburg's downtown in a few weeks.
Her store is pulling up stakes from its Towne Square Drive spot and reopening at 126 S. Pennsylvania Ave.
The new site has more than three times the space of her current spot, Shaffer said.
"We've kind of outgrown our space here," Shaffer said. "We wanted to start small when we opened in 2011."
Shaffer, a Hempfield resident and Seton Hill University graduate, plans to take up shop in the former site of the Mustard Seed Gallery on June 1.
Other business owners in Greensburg's downtown encouraged the move, she said.
"They would ask for us to come down. They said, 'We need you.' The stars all lined up, so we're going to go," Shaffer said.
Her present store lacks space for various programs she wanted to offer, Shaffer explained.
"I'm really excited because with our store being so small it was difficult to hold events," she said.
The downtown brings an ambience, Shaffer said.
"There's just something about the downtown, the atmosphere, the walking from store to store," she said.
Aw Else sells Sorrelli jewelry and carries Betsey Johnson handbags and Harvey purses, Shaffer said.
Her store wants to carry items customers desire and similar stores don't offer, she explained.
"That's what our customers ask us for. They don't want us to carry the same lines as everyone else," she said.
Steve Gifford, Greensburg Community Development Corp. executive director, called Aw Else Boutique "a great addition to the downtown shopping district."
"We always welcome business owners who have a concept that creates an experience that complements the other successful retail businesses," he added. "The charm and character of Aw Else Boutique is a perfect fit for South Pennsylvania Avenue."
Aw Else brings its own identity to the downtown, Gifford said.
"The owners have created a shop that is unique and one well-suited for a traditional shopping district full of independently-owned gift and clothing stores," he said.
In the meantime, moving sales are being offered at the present location, according to the boutique's Facebook page. Shaffer anticipates holding a grand reopening a few weeks after the new store opens in June.
Shaffer said she will expand her sale inventory gradually. "I love the opportunity to be able to grow, and everyone seems so positive," she said.
Bob Stiles is a staff writer for Trib Total Media. He can be reached at 724-836-6622 or firstname.lastname@example.com.


text:
Chicago-Turabian Style Lite
Chicago Style is the style of formatting books and research papers documented in the Chicago Manual of Style (CMS), 2003, and Kate Turabian's Manual for Writer's of Research Papers, Theses, and Dissertations, 2007 (both published by the University of Chicago Press). While reference is sometimes made to a "Turabian style," this is simply the Chicago style applied to research papers. It is based on the most recent (15th) edition of the Chicago Manual of Style (2003), and has been revised and expanded fall 2007. © Copyright 2007 by Dr. Abel Scribe PhD.
Links & Resources: Doc's CMS Home Page | CTS Lite PDF (120 kb)
CTS Lite Topics
FBI Warning? You are welcome to print, link, or distribute AMA Stat! for not-for-profit educational purposes. Instructors are encouraged to use the guide in their classrooms. No additional permission is required. AMA Stat! is revised on a regular basis; you are invited to link directly to the document rather than post it to another site.
1.0 Chicago Style & Usage
The Chicago Manual of Style (CMS) is the standard reference to American English usage. The CMS was wonderfully revised in 2003, leaving behind the stuffy scholarly language of earlier editions to achieve great clarity and conciseness. It retails for $55, but is heavily discounted at amazon.com with free shipping and no taxes (Hardcover $38.50/$55 Retail).
Kate Turabians's Manual for Writer's (7th edition, 2007) is all new. It features a guide to research for beginners (130 pp.), five chapters on formatting footnotes and references (55 source types), and a section on style--rules for numbers, quotations, tables and figures, and so on. There is minimal direction how to format papers (Paperback $11.56/$17 Retail).
Dictionaries. "For general matters of spelling, Chicago recommends using Webster's Third New International Dictionary and its chief abridgment Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary . . . in its latest edition.. If more than one spelling is given, or more than one form of the plural . . ., Chicago normally opts for the first form listed, thus aiding consistency. If, as occasionally happens, the Collegiate disagrees with the Third International, the Collegiate should be followed, since it represents the latest lexical research" (CMS 2003, 278).
1.1 Abbreviations (TOP)Abbreviations--other than acronyms/initialisms--are rarely used in the text, other than in tables, figure captions, in notes and references, or within parentheses. Follow these general rules:
- Beginning a sentence. Never begin a sentence with a lowercase abbreviation. Begin a sentence with an acronym only if there is no reasonable way to rewrite it.
- Traditional forms. A number of traditional honorifics and initials continue to be used, such as Mr., Mrs., Ms., Dr., A.M., Inc., Ltd., and J. S. Bach, E. E. Cummings, C. S. Lewis.
- Scholarly abbreviations. Abbreviations such as etc., e.g., and i.e. may only be used in parenthetical comments injected into your text. For example"various authorities support this rule (e.g., the Chicago Manual of Style and the APA Publication Manual)." They are not used outside parentheses; spell them out Instead. For e.g. (exempli gratia) use for example; for etc. (et cetera) use and so forth, for i.e. (id est) use that is.
Acronyms/Initialisms. When first used in the text, an acronym must be introduced. This is done by placing the acronym--or its source phrase--in parentheses, and thereafter using just the acronym.
- The American Sociological Association (ASA) publishes several journals. The ASA also publishes a newsletter.
- The CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta, Georgia) monitors the nation for emerging infectious diseases. A special notification system was established by the CDC after the hantavirus outbreak in 1993.
- Plurals. Write the plural form of an acronym without an apostrophe. For example, write "the Master of Business Administration (MBA) program is popular at the university because MBAs command high starting salaries."
- Prefixes. Most prefixes to places, such as Fort, North, Port, South, are spelled out in the text; as are suffixes such as Peak or Fork. Write: North Platte, Fort Collins, Port Huron, South Bend, Long's Peak.
- Postal Abbreviations. Use postal and other abbreviations for place names in references and notes. But spell out these, and other address abbreviations, in the text. Write: Martin Luther King Boulevard (not Martin Luther King Blvd.) William Bruce Randolf III Avenue (not W. B. Randolf Ave.), Monaco Parkway (not Monaco Pkwy.)
- Adjectives. The abbreviation "U.S." or "US" may be used as an adjective in running text, but not as a noun. Either form is acceptable, but be consistent throughout your text.
"Abbreviations fully acceptable on envelopes and mailing labels should rarely be used in addresses in running text" (CMS 2003, 569).
1.2 Capitalization (TOP)Definitions. Capitalization may follow three forms: full caps, heading caps, or sentence caps. Full caps capitalizes every character of every word. These are used only in major headings. Headline or heading caps capitalize the first character of each word, subject to exceptions listed below.
Heading caps capitalize "the first and last words and all nouns, pronouns, adjectives, and subordinating conjunctions" (CMS 1993, 282). Also capitalize the first character after a colon in a title or heading. Otherwise, do not capitalize:
- Articles: a, an, the.
- Prepositions, including: against, between, in, of.
- Conjunctions: and, but, for, nor, or, so, yet.
- Infinitive: to.
Sentence caps capitalize the first word of a title or heading, the first word after a colon, and proper nouns.
Books and Articles. Titles of books and the names of journals always use heading caps in the text, titles of articles and documents generally do so too, and are placed in quotes.
Foreign titles. "The University of Chicago Press recommends following a simple rule: In any language but English capitalize only the words that would be capitalized in normal prose. For all the languages in question [all major European languages] this means capitalizing the first word of the title and of the subtitle and all proper nouns [sentence caps]" (CMS, 1993, 320).
Ethnic/Racial Groups. Generally the names of ethnic or racial groups are capitalized if they represent a geographical region or language group. For example, Hispanic, Asian, African American, Appalachian. The Chicago Manual of Style has additional examples (1993, 246-47).
- Generic terms. "Designations based only on color, size, habitat, customs, or local usage are often lower cased" (CMS 1993, 247).
- White & Black. It is appropriate to capitalize White and Black when referring to the American racial groups. "The term Black is now often capitalized as the widely accepted name of the dark-skinned group or groups of people originating in Africa" (CMS 1993, 247). As always, be consistent. Other color terms may have disparaging connotations: red, yellow, brown. Do not use these terms.
- Compound ethnics. Do not hyphenate compound nationalities and ethnic or regional terms: African American, Anglo German, Middle Eastern.
Geographical Names. Capitalize place names when these terms are accepted as proper nouns. When a name applies to a well-recognized specific place, it should be capitalized as a proper noun.
- Geographical terms. Lowercase " terms for abstract geographical measures, such as equator, equatorial Africa, prime meridian, tropic of Cancer, west, east, south, north' (CMS 1993, 247).
- Regions. Capitalize Central America, but not central Europe, or central Asia. Capitalize North Africa, West Africa, and East Africa, but not western, eastern, central, or southern Africa. Capitalize Midwest, West, South or Southwest, but generally write westerner, midwesterner, southerner.
- Compounds. "When a capitalized geographical term comprising more than one word is used as an adjective before a noun, the term should not be hyphenated, since there is no risk of misreading: Middle Eastern journey, North Atlantic fog, . . . , Gulf of Mexico oil spill" (CMS 1993, 248).
Internet Terminology. Usage in this area is frozen by the CMS publication cycle. Be consistent!
- e-mail [email]. The hyphenated form is found in the AMA, APA, CMS, and MLA style manuals!
- Web page [Web site]. "Web" is a proper noun in these terms (AMA, APA, CMS, MLA agree).
- webmaster, web. . . Most other Web terms are spelled lowercased and closed (without a hyphen): webcam, webcast, webhead, webmail, webzine, etc. Some terms may be spelled open and Web capitalized in formal writing Web cam, Web cast, Web mail, Web TV.
1.3 Compound Words (TOP)Compound words are two or more words that work together in a specified order. This order cannot be reversed or rearranged without destroying the compound word's meaning. A dictionary is the best guide to spelling and usage. If it is not in the dictionary it is not likely a hyphenated compound.
Full-time compound words are hyphenated whatever their role in a sentenceas an adjective or a noun. "The court-martial hearing is set for 1000 hours. The hearing will determine whether a court-martial is warranted." Court-martial is a full-time compound word (as is "full-time"). Consult a dictionary.
Conditional compounds are hyphenated as adjectives, but not when used as nouns.
- Adjectival compound. "The counselor suggested a role-playing technique to reduce the stress of encounters, but cautioned that role playing alone would not solve the problem." Role playing is a compound adjective, but not a compound noun.
- Add a hyphen to any prefix attached to a proper noun, capitalized abbreviation, or number. For example, the post-Freudian era, the pre-1960s civil rights movement, the pro-HMO lobby.
- Fractions. "When . . . a fraction is considered a single quantity, it is hyphenated [whether it is used as a noun or as an adjective]. (CMS 2003, 383). One-fourth the audience was comprised of former refugees. A two-thirds majority was required to pass the initiative.
- Made-up compound. A compound may be of the made-up-for-the-occasion variety: "The up-to-date figures were unadjusted." But when these terms are used in the predicate they are not hyphenated: The compound word was made up for the occasion. "The unadjusted figures were up to date."
- Serial compounds. When two or more compound modifiers have a common base, this base is sometimes omitted in all but the last modifier, but the hyphens are retained. Long- and short-term memory, 2-, 3-, and 10-min trials.
- Do not hyphenate a compound term using an adverb ending in -ly. "The widely used term was not yet in the dictionary. Such clearly understood terms are eventually documented if they endure."
Avoid confusion! A re-creation is not the same as recreation. A fast sailing ship is one designed for speed. A fast-sailing ship is one that made a fast passage (CMS 1993, 203).
Prefixes. Most common prefixes do not require a hyphen: aftereffect, antifreeze, cofounder, Internet, microwave, oversight, preempt, reexamine, supermarket, unbiased, underground. There are many exceptions. When in doubt check a dictionary. Note the following exceptions:
- Same two letters. If the prefix puts the same two letters together, a hyphen is sometimes inserted. For example, write: anti-industrial, co-op, non-native, post-trial. But also write: cooperative, coordinate, nonnegotiable, overrate, overreach, overrule, reelect, unnamed.
- Superlatives-diminutives. Some prefixes, best-, better-, ill-, lesser-, little-, well-, are hyphenated when they precede the noun they modify, but are not hyphenated when preceded by a modifier, or when used as a predicate adjective. The ill-advised attack failed, the strategy was ill advised.
- Weird terms. If the prefix creates an unfamiliar or weird term, a hyphen may improve clarity, for example, pro-ally, anti-college instead of proally, anticollege.
The following prefixes always require a hyphen:
1.4 Emphasis: Italics & Quotation Marks (TOP)Italics and quotation marks are used in the text to highlight words, note and translate words in a language foreign to a reader, indicate irony (scare quotes), or mark words and letters that are referred to as words, not to the meaning they convey.
Special formatting is appropriate only the first time it is applied to a word a phrase. Thereafter, the word or phrase is presented in plain text unless clarity demands the continued use of italics.
Italics. "Good writers use italics for emphasis only as an occasional adjunct to efficient sentence structure. Overused, italics quickly lose their force. Seldom should as much as a sentence be italicized for emphasis, and never a whole passage" (CMS 2003, 290). Add italics to a word or phrase only the first time it is used, thereafter use plain text.
- Keywords. Emphasize a keyword or phrase in your text by placing it in italics. The next time the term or phrase is used it should be in plain text.
- Titles. The titles of books and the names of periodicals in your text and references.
- Words as words. Words and letters that are referred to as words or letters are set in italics . For example, "the term American Indian is inclusive of over 500 ethnic communities."
- Foreign terms. Non-English words or terms used in your text are set in italics. For example, "Ya-te-hay is a form of greeting in the Diné (Navajo) language." This practice excludes those words that have become incorporated in the English language, such as laissez-faire, or arroyo.
Quotation marks. Use quotation marks other than for quotes only in the following circumstances:
- "Place quotation marks around a word or phrase given in a special sense or purposefully misused" (Gibaldi 91). For example, The Population Council criticized the "outrageous" position of the Church on birth control. Chicago calls these "scare quotes."
- Use quotation marks to enclose a translation of a non-English term in your text. Addis Ababa, the name of the capital of Ethiopia, is literally translated "new flower."
Within quotations. Emphasis may be added to a word or phrase in a quotation by placing it in italics. When this is done the note [emphasis added] or [italics added] must be inserted in brackets at the end of the quotation (within the quotation marks), or if the emphasis comes at the end of the sentence, in parentheses outside the quotation marks.
1.5 Numbers & Dates(TOP)"Among the factors governing the choice between spelling out numbers and using numerals are whether the number is large or small, whether it is an approximation or an exact quantity, what kind of entity it stands for, and what context it appears in" (CMS 2003, 380). Precise measurements are always presented as numerals.
In nontechnical contexts, the following are spelled out: whole numbers from one through one hundred, round numbers, and any number beginning a sentence. For other numbers, numerals are used" (CMS 2003, 380).
- Round numbers. By virtue of their rounding, these numbers are imprecise. They are written out. For example, write "The federal deficit was increased by two hundred billion dollars," or "San Francisco is about twelve hundred miles from Denver." But also write, "The race followed a straight course from Denver to San Francisco, a distance of 1,255.6 miles."
- Beginning a sentence. When numbers or a date are required to open a sentence, write them out. For example: "One hundred five girls and sixteen boys tried out for the varsity soccer team." If you can, rewrite the sentence so it does not begin with a number.
- Mixed numbers? Do not mix numerals with written numbers when they refer to similar things. For example, write "Only 10 of the 150 tourists were willing to visit the city after the riot." Do not write, "Only ten of the 150 tourists . . ."
- Mixed sets of numbers. Sometimes two sets of numbers are embedded in a single sentence. For clarity, present one set written out, the other as numerals. For example, write "There were eighty-three contestants who dropped out before covering 50 miles, and one hundred thirty-five before covering 250 miles."
- Numbers & units. Generally, do not mix numbers that are spelled out with symbols, write out the term for the symbols as well. For example, write: the temperature was 45 º, or forty-five degrees; $20 or twenty dollars. Chicago style makes an exception for percentages: it is OK to write 45 percent.
- Compound numbers. Hyphenate compound numbers from twenty-one to ninety-nine, compounds with a number as the first element, and the written form of fractions.
- Ordinal numbers. Follow the general rules as for other numbers. For example, write: "The window for applications was the third to twenty-third of August." But use numerals with ordinal numbers above one hundred. For example, write: "Haile Sellassie I was the 225th Emperor of Ethiopia."
- Centuries. Write out references to centuries, the eighteenth century, the twenty-first century, in lower cased letters.
Revolution! New date format. Chicago now recommends using the standard American format--Month Day, Year (e.g., April 1, 2004)--for all full dates, both in the text and in end/footnotes, references, and bibliographies (see CMS 2003, sec. 6.46). Prior to this edition, dates in references and notes were to be in universal or European format, Day Month Year (e.g., 21 August 2001). This rule has been superseded.
1.6 Quotations (TOP)Quotations must be placed in quotation marks or indented as a block quote. All quotations must include a citation, a note or parenthetical citation, referring the reader to the source document. As a matter of form quotations should flow with your text, and may be edited to do so.
"It is impossible to overemphasize the importance of meticulous accuracy in quoting from the works of others" (CMS 2003, 445). Some changes are permitted:
- Added words. Brackets are required to indicate material or emphasis added to a quote. For example: "They [the Irish Republican Army] initiated a cease fire."
- Added emphasis. Italics may be used to add emphasis to words or phrases within a quotation, or to the entire quotation. This is indicated by (1) adding a note immediately after the change in brackets, or (2) by appending a note to the end of the quote in parentheses. For example, write: "He claimed [emphasis added] he was innocent" or write: "He claimed he was innocent" (emphasis added).
- Foreign language. "If you quote material in a foreign [sic] language, you must reproduce all accents and other marks exactly as they appear in the original (école, pietà, tête, leçon, Fähre, año)" (Gibaldi 2003, 80).
- Citation in original. If you quote material that contains a citation to another work, Chicago style now allows you to ignore the citation.
Correct Errors. For an unusual word choice, concept, term, or spelling it may be appropriate to emphasize the original is being quoted faithfully. This is done by inserting the Latin term sic (thus), in italics or underlined, and in brackets within the quotation (but in parentheses at the end of a quote), immediately following the term.
For example, write: "The ship struck an iceberg and floundered [sic], with the loss of all on board." Or write: "The ship struck an iceberg and floundered" (sic). Note, to flounder is to thrash about wildly. To founder is to fill with water and sink.
"A verbally accurate quotation that contains minor factual or grammatical errors . . . does a disservice to readers and embarrasses the publisher. [Writers] who notice an error in a passage they wish to quote should paraphrase the original, eliminating the error" (CMS 2003, 445).
Block Quotations. Longer quotations are formatted as block quotes. Block quotes are continuously indented from the left margin the same distance as a paragraph indent. They are required with longer quotations, although what constitutes "longer" varies widely.
- The Chicago manual advises that quotes of "a hundred words or more--or at least eight lines--are set off as a block quotation" (CMS 2003, 447).
- The Turabian Manual requires you to "present a prose quotation of five lines or more as a block quotation," and that you "single-space a block quotation, and leave a blank line before and after it" (2007, 350).
- The MLA Handbook advises using block quotes when the quotation runs to "more than four lines in your paper" (Gibaldi 1999, 81).
- The APA Publication Manual instructs writers to "display a quotation of more than 40 words in a free-standing block of typewritten lines and omit the quotation marks" (1994, 95).
The Chicago manual also advises that "where quotations are being compared or otherwise used as entities in themselves, it may be better to set them all as block quotations, however short" (2003, 447).
Permitted Changes to Quotations. "Although in a direct quotation the wording, spelling, capitalization, and internal punctuation of the original should be reproduced exactly, the following changes are generally permissible . . . " (CMS 2003, 447):
- Quotation marks. Double quotes can be changed to single quotes, and vice versa, for merging the quote with the rest of the text.
- Initial capital. If a capital letter begins a quote in the original, that letter should be changed to lowercase when run-in to your text, and vices versa (capitalize the first letter if the quote begins a sentence in your text, but is lowercased in the original). If it is essential to alert the reader to this change (e.g., to help them find the original quote), place the altered letter in brackets.
- Punctuation. The final period in a quote may be changed to a comma (and vice versa) to merge with your text.
- References in quotes. Chicago style allow reference citations in a quote to be omitted. And, in Chicago style, notes or references may be inserted into a quote. Most research styles do not allow this.
- Typographic errors. Obvious typographical errors should be corrected, although archaic spellings in older works should generally be preserved unless it is made clear to the reader that the spelling has been updated.
- Emphasis in original. If there are italics or bold font already in the original text for emphasis, then a note should added to let the reader know the quote is faithful [emphasis in original] to the original.
Editing Quotations. Three ellipsis points (periods with a single space before, between, and after each period) indicate material has been omitted within a sentence or at the end of a sentence. "The three-dot method is appropriate for most general works and many scholarly ones. . . Where necessary for fidelity to the original and ease of reading, these three may be preceded or followed--depending on where the omission occurs--by a comma, a semicolon, a question mark, or an exclamation point" (CMS 2003, 459).
For example, if the original text reads: "Man's capacities have never been measured; nor are we to judge of what he can do by any precedents, so little has been tried" (Thoreau 1979, 11), to assure clarity it may be edited to read:
- Original punctuation retained (semicolon) and deleted (comma before so). The punctuation in the original, if any, is retained in the quote. "Man's capacities have never been measured; . . . so little has been tried" (Thoreau 1979, 11).
- Original punctuation retained. "If other punctuation occurs immediately before a word that is preceded by ellipsis points, that punctuation mark is placed before the word, with the usual intervening space" (Turabian 1996, 80). "Man's capacities have never been measured; nor are we to judge of what he can do . . . , so little has been tried" (Thoreau 1979, 11). The phrase "by any precedents" has been omitted, but the comma after the phrase is retained.
- End of a sentence deleted. When the quoted material ends in a complete sentence as edited it is not necessary to add ellipsis points even if the sentence continues in the original. "Man's capacities have never been measured; nor are we to judge of what he can do by any precedents" (Thoreau 1993, 11).
Ellipsis not required. "Ellipsis points are normally not used (1) before the first word of a quotation, even if the beginning of the original sentence has been omitted; or (2) after the last word of a quotation, even if the end of the original sentence has been omitted, unless the sentence as quoted [in the original] is deliberately incomplete" (CMS 2003, 459).
2.0 Chicago Page Formats (TOP)The Chicago Manual of Style is focused on book publishing, so it has few instructions to offer for formatting papers. Turabian's Manual for Writers is the official guide to applying Chicago style to "term papers, theses, and dissertations."
- Margins. "Nearly all papers in the United States are produced on standard pages of 8½ X 11 inches. Leave a margin of at least one inch on all four edges of the page. For a thesis or dissertation intended to be bound, you may need to leave a larger margin on the left side" (Turabian 2007, 374).
- Fonts. "Choose a . . . typeface designed for text, such as Times Roman or Palatino, and use it throughout. . . . For most papers use at least ten-point and preferably twelve-point type [smaller font for footnotes, table titles, and figure captions]" (Turabian 2007, 374).
- Indents. The standard indent is one-half inch. This applies to all indents: paragraphs, hanging indents in references, and block quotes.
- Paper. A 20 pound or 24 pound, high brightness (80+), paper works best. Avoid or photocopy lighter papers (16 pound or less) and textured papers such as erasable bond.
- Justification. "Set your word processor to left justify (with a 'ragged' right margin), and do not use its automated hyphenation feature" (Turabian 2007, 292). Only regular compound words should be hyphenated. Words hyphenated to wrap lines can be confusing, and are a proscribed by research journals.
- Spacing. "The text should be double-spaced except for block quotations, notes [and references], captions, and long headings [that wrap to two lines], which should be single spaced with a blank space between items" (Turabian 1996, 253). The latter is sometimes called block paragraph spacing.
- Page numbers for each page beginning a major section of a paper (the first text page, bibliography, notes, appendix) are placed at the bottom center of the page three-quarters of an inch from the page edge. Page numbers on other pages go in the upper right corner double spaced above the text.
- Page header. "For a class paper, [you may] include your last name, the date of the paper, or a designation such as 'First Draft'" (Turabian 2007, 376). A short title is a used in other styles.
2.1 Title & Text Page (TOP)Block paragraph spacing. "The text should be double-spaced except for block quotations, notes [and references], captions, and long headings [that wrap to two lines], which should be single spaced with a blank space between items" (Turabian 1996, 253; Turabian 2007, 375).
The title is placed one-third of the way down the title page. Proportion the author block below it. In the text, the title and major section headings begin a new page just below the top margin. The title page is not numbered, the first text page and first page of other major section are numbered bottom center, 3/4 inch from the bottom of the page (double-spaced below the text). Other pages are numbered at the top right in the margin space. The first text page is page one.
2.1 Footnotes (TOP)Footnotes must be placed, or at least must begin, on the page where they are referred to [indicated by a superscript numeral in the text]. The text and footnotes are separated by a short rule, or separator. If a footnote runs over to the following page, a separator should be inserted on that page. Each footnote must begin on a new line, indented the same amount as paragraphs in the text. Footnotes are usually single-spaced, with a blank line between notes.1
Either of two styles may be followed in numbering footnotes. The simpler one is to use numerals on the line followed by a period, as in the first example. The older style is to use superscript numerals like footnote numbers in the text, without punctuation.2 The Turabian Manual no longer uses this format. Be consistent!
1. Kate L. Turabian, A Manual for Writers of Term Papers, Theses, and Dissertations, 6th ed. (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1996), 254-5.
2Kate L. Turabian, A Manual for Writers of Term Papers, Theses, and Dissertations, 6th ed. (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1996), 255.
Footnotes can create a bewildering maze for the reader to unravel. The use of cryptic phrases such as ibid., idem, op. cit. and loc. cit. in a footnote refer a reader to a previous citation, anywhere in the text. As a consequence, "avoid all Latin citation terms except one--ibid., from ibidem or "in the same place" (Turabian 2007, 155). Use this only when citing a page immediately after the first full reference and only if it falls on the same page as the first full reference. After the first full reference use a shortened reference in subsequent citations.
23. Turabian, Manual for Writers, 139.
Clarity is required in research writing. Never confuse your reader. Add a bibliography to the paper when using footnotes. This allows the reader to readily find a source.
2.3 Headings & Lists (TOP)Headings. Three levels of subheadings are shown in the graphic. The main headings--the title, the heading for the endnotes, bibliography, or appendix--are presented in full caps, centered, in a bold font, dropped two inches from the top of the page (one inch below the margin. Subheadings are presented in a bold font, lower levels in italics as well.
Lists (Seriation, Enumeration). Chicago uses the term "lists" to refer to enumeration, or seriation. Seriation is the process of (1) listing a series of topics, (2) marked by numbers or letters in parentheses, (3) to delineate subjects that merit individual attention in the text. This paragraph gives an example of a run-in list in Chicago terminology or sentence seriation in a more traditional vocabulary.
Paragraph seriation. If each element in the series requires a separate paragraph, or is a complete sentence, these are set flush with the left margin with each paragraph indented and numbered; shorter sentences may be aligned as text blocks to the right of the number. An introductory clause or sentence ending with a colon typically introduces the series:
- This form of seriation is useful in detailing and summarizing an argument, or perhaps the results of a research study.
- Each element in the series may contribute to the general topic with extensive commentary.
- But as a practical matter, this form of seriation is not particularly common in research papers. When the elements require this form of elaboration it is more common to set them under their own subheadings in the text, perhaps following seriation in a transition paragraph under a major heading by way of introduction.
- Lower level run-in heading? The paragraph list format merges into that for the lowest level heading format. The two can readily be combined when a fourth level heading is needed.
"Bullets (heavy dots . . .) make good visual signposts in unnumbered lists but can lose their force if used too frequently" (CMS 2003, 272).
2.4 Bibliography & Tables (TOP)A bibliography is a nice touch to add to a paper documented with footnotes. It is a courtisy to the reader to recap your sources on one page and, perhaps, add additional references that were not cited in the text. You may indicate the contents with an appropriate title, such as, "Bibliography and Works Cited."
"A table offers an excellent means of presenting a large number of individual, similar facts so that they are easy to scan and compare. . . . A table should be as simple as the material allows and understandable on its own; even a reader unfamiliar with the material presented should should be able to make general sense of a table. . . . A simple table can give information that would require several paragraphs to present textually, and it can do so more clearly. For excellent advice on table preparation, consult the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association" (CMS 2003, 496).
Number tables consecutively as they appear in your text. Center tables close in the text where they are first mentioned. If possible insert the table at the end of a paragraph. Do not split tables across two pages. If there is not enough room at the bottom of a page, continue your text and place the table at the top of the next page.
- Each table must have a label beginning with the table number and describing the contents. The label needs to inform the reader what the table presents (coefficients, means, percentages, rates, etc.), the time frame, and the coverage (e.g. United States, Illinois, Cook County, Chicago, South Side).
- Use block paragraph spacing for tables, single spacing within the label (heading), the table, and the notes; double spacing between these blocks.
- Each row and column must have a heading. Subheadings may be used to expand or clarify headings. Chicago style tables may use symbols in column headings, e.g., % or $.
- If the contents of a table are drawn or adapted from a published source, note that as the first footnote to the table. Notes that apply to the table as a whole are not numbered or lettered.
- Add footnotes notes to explain the table contents. These are labeled "a, b, c, etc."
- The last note at the bottom of the table is reserved for reporting levels of probability. Tradition dictates the use of asterisks to annotate statistics in the table, for example: *p < .05, p < .01, ***p < .001.
The more information is put in a table the harder it is to read. Readers rarely study tables. "An informative table supplementsit does not duplicatethe text" (APA 1994, 84).
3.0 Chicago Endnotes & Footnotes (TOP)Chicago Notes are arranged in the order cited. Notes are commonly single spaced. To indicate a citation in your text place a superscript number after punctuation, preferably at the end of a sentence, one citation only per sentence. Multiple references may be combined in the endnote or footnote. Do not note or cite headings, subheadings, or titles.
- Authors. Give authors' and editors' full names in normal order. If there is no author use the title. List up to three co-authors to a work; four or more the first followed by et al. or and others (CMS 2003, secs. 17.28-17.30). Bibliographies list up to ten authors, then add et al.
- Multiple works by the same author in different notes list the full reference. With a subsequent citation to the same source give the lead author, a short title. and page.
- Titles. All titles require heading capitalization. Titles of journal papers, chapters in edited volumes or anthologies, reports, and newspaper articles are placed within quotes. Titles of books and the names of journals are placed in italics.
- Date. Chicago style now prefers full dates American style, in month day, year format.
- Indent notes like a paragraph or with a full indent like this list.
- Electronic sources are referenced like their print counterparts, with an added URL. Electronic sources on media other than the Internet require a note to that effect. The optional access date is placed in parentheses after the URL See the example in the list below.
3.1 Authors - Books - Compilations (TOP)One to Three Authors - Reprint
1. Pierre Bourdieu and Jean-Claude Passeron, Reproduction in Education, Society, and Culture
(London: Sage, 1977), 123.
- 2. Hannah Arendt, The Human Condition (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1958; reprint, Chicago:
- University of Chicago Press, 1998), 123.
- Diana Hacker, Research and Documentation in the Electronic Age (Boston: Bedford Books, 1997). http://www.bedfordbooks.com/ (October 8, 1998).
Wayne C. Booth, Gregory G. Colomb, and Joseph M. Williams, The Craft of Research (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1995), 123.
- Diana Hacker, Research and Documentation in the Electronic Age (Boston: Bedford Books, 1997). http://www.bedfordbooks.com/ (October 8, 1998).
Four to Ten Authors
- Howard Schuman and others, Racial Attitudes in America: Trends and Interpretations, rev. ed. (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1997).
Corporate Author
- Congressional Budget Office, Changes in Living Arrangements of the Elderly: 1960-2030 (Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1988).
Editor as Author
- Howard S. Friedman, ed., Personality and Disease (New York: Wiley, 1990).
Anthology - Compilation - Edited Book
Walt Whitman, Complete Poetry and Selected Prose, ed. James E. Miller, Jr. (Boston: Houghton Mifflin
Company, 1959).
Ernest Hemingway, "The Big Two-Hearted River," in The Nick Adams Stories, ed. Philip Young (New York: Bantam Books, 1973), 159-180.
Edition Other Than the First
- Thomas S. Kuhn, The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, 2nd ed. (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1970).
- Nikos Kazantzakis, Zorba the Greek, trans. Carl Wildman (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1952).
3.2 Journals & Newspapers (TOP)Annual Review
- John D. Kelly and Martha Kaplan, "Ritual Studies," Annual Review of Research in Anthropology 19 (1990): 119-50.
Journal Article (Paged by Volume)
- Michael Dietler, "'Our Ancestors the Gauls': Archaeology, Ethnic Nationalism, and the Manipulation of Celtic Identity in Modern Europe," American Anthropologist 96 (1994): 584-605.
Journal Article (Paged by Volume)
- Mark Wheelis, "Biological Warfare at the 1346 Siege of Caffa," Emerging Infectious Diseases 8, no. 9 (September 2002): 971975, http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/eid/vol8no9/ (December 9, 2003).
Journal Paged by Issue
- Michael Dumper, "Israeli Settlement in the Old City of Jerusalem," Journal of Palestine Studies 21, no. 4 (1992): 32-53.
Magazine Articles (No Author)
Edward O. Wilson, "Back from Chaos," Atlantic Monthly, March 1998, 41-62.
"Taking the Business Cycle's Pulse," The Economist, October 28, 1995, 89-90.
Newspaper Articles (Book Review, No Author, Online)
Patricia Nelson Limerick, "Dancing with Professors: The Trouble with Academic Prose," New York
Times Book Review, October 31, 1993, 3, 23-24.
Leslie Camhi, "Art of the City," review of New York Modern: The Arts and the City, by William B. Scott, and Peter M. Rutkoff, Village Voice, June 15, 1999, 154.
"Feds Close Vail Logging Road," Colorado Daily [Boulder], July 27-29, 1999, 2.
John Markoff, "Voluntary Rules Proposed to Help Insure Privacy for Internet Users," New York Times, June 5, 1996. http://www.nytimes.com/.../yo5dat.htm (June 10, 1996).
3.3 Reports and Papers (TOP)Conference Papers
S-Y. Kuroda, "Whether We Agree or Not: A Comparative Syntax of English and Japanese," in Papers
from the Second International Workshop on Japanese Syntax, ed. William J. Poser (Stanford, CA:
Maggie McFadden, "Weaving the Cloth of International Sisterhood" (paper presented at the National Women's Studies Association conference, Minneapolis, June 1988), 123.
PhD Dissertation
- Stephen A. McNeary, "Where Fire Came Down: Social and Economic Life of the Niska" (Ph.D. dissertation, Bryn Mawr College, 1976).
Research Report
- Elizabeth Morrissey, "Work and Poverty in Metro and Nonmetro Areas," Rural Development Research Report No. 81 (Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, 1991).
- "Documenting Sources from the World Wide Web" (Modern Language Association, February 3, 2000). http://www.mla.org/style/sources.htm (February 17, 2000).
3.4 References Sources and Documents (TOP)
Duane F. Alwin, "Equity Theory," in Encyclopedia of Sociology, ed. Edgar F. Borgatta and Marie L.
Borgatta (New York: Macmillan, 1992), 563-575.
American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 3rd ed. (Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin, 1992). Peter G. Bergman, "Relativity," in Encyclopedia Britannica, 15th ed., vol. 26 (Chicago: Encyclopedia Britannica, 1998), 501-508.
"Genetic Engineering," in Compton's Interactive Encyclopedia, ver. 2.0 (Carlsbad, CA: Compton's NewMedia, Inc., 1994). CD-ROM.
"Stock Market Crash in 1929," in Britannica On-line. 1995. http://www.eb.com/ (July 1, 1998).
Computer Program
- Luc Anselin, SPACESTAT: A Program for the Statistical Analysis of Spatial Data. Computer program (Santa Barbara, CA: National Center for Geographic Information and Analysis, University of California, 1993).
Statistical Abstract
- Bureau of the Census, "Higher Education Price Indexes: 1965-1991," in Statistical Abstract of the United States: 1993, 113th ed. (Washington, DC: US GPO, 1993), Table 277.
4.0 Chicago Bibliographies (TOP)Anthologies - Compilations - Edited Books
Bourdieu, Pierre. "The Market of Symbolic Goods." In The Field of Cultural Production: Essays in Art and
Literature, ed. Randal Johnson, 112-141. New York: Columbia University Press, 1993.
Friedman, Howard S., ed. Personality and Disease. New York: Wiley, 1990.
Hemingway, Ernest. "The Big Two-Hearted River." In The Nick Adams Stories, edited by Philip Young, 159-180. New York: Bantam Books, 1973.
Whitman, Walt. Complete Poetry and Selected Prose. Edited by James E. Miller Jr. 1855. Reprint, Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1959.
Arendt, Hannah. The Human Condition. 1958. Reprint, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1998.
Booth, Wayne C., Gregory G. Colomb, and Joseph M. Williams. The Craft of Research. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1995.
Congressional Budget Office. Changes in the Living Arrangements of the Elderly: 1960-2030. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1988.
French, R. M., trans. The Way of a Pilgrim and The Pilgrim Continues His Way. New York: Ballantine Books-Random House, 1974.
Kuhn, Thomas S. The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, 2nd ed. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1970.
Schuman, Howard, Charlotte Steeh, Lawrence Bobo, and Maria Krysan. Racial Attitudes in America: Trends and Interpretations, rev. ed. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1997.
Camhi, Leslie. "Art of the City." Review of New York Modern: The Arts and the City, by William B. Scott,
and Peter M. Rutkoff. Village Voice, June 15, 1999, 154.
Dietler, Michael. "'Our Ancestors the Gauls': Archaeology, Ethnic Nationalism, and the Manipulation of Celtic Identity in Modern Europe." American Anthropologist 96 (1994): 584-605.
Kelly, John D., and Martha Kaplan. "Ritual Studies." Annual Review of Research in Anthropology 19 (1990): 119-50.
Markoff, John. "Voluntary Rules Proposed to Help Insure Privacy for Internet Users." New York Times, June 5, 1996. http://www.nytimes.com/.../yo5dat.htm (June 10, 1996).
"Taking the Business Cycle's Pulse." The Economist, October 28, 1995, 89-90.
Wheelis, Mark. "Biological Warfare at the 1346 Siege of Caffa." Emerging Infectious Diseases 8, no. 9 (September 2002): 971975. http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/eid/ vol8no9/ (December 9, 2003).
Wilson, Edward. O. "Back from Chaos." Atlantic Monthly, March 1998, 41-62.
American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 3rd ed. Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin, 1992.
Bergman, Peter G. "Relativity." In Encyclopedia Britannica, 15th ed., Vol. 26, 501-508. Chicago: Encyclopedia Britannica, 1998.
"Documenting Sources from the World Wide Web." Modern Language Association, 3 February 2000. http://www.mla.org/style/sources.htm (February 17, 2000).
McNeary, Stephen A. "Where Fire Came Down: Social and Economic Life of the Niska." Ph.D. dissertation, Bryn Mawr College, 1976.
Morrissey, Elizabeth. "Work and Poverty in Metro and Nonmetro Areas." Rural Development Research Report No. 81. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, 1991.


text:
2016-11-28 Call for Abstract
8th WACBE World Congress on Bioengineering
30 July - 2 Aug 2017, Hong Kong, China
The World Association for Chinese Biomedical Engineers (WACBE) will organize the 8th WACBE World Congress on Bioengineering in The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, during 30 July - 2 August 2017. The Congress invites many renowned biomedical engineers over the world to share their research and development. The Congress will offer a networking forum for bioengineers to keep abreast of the latest development of the field. It estimates that about 500 delegates will join this Congress. Best papers awards will be set up for young researchers and students.
We warmly invite you and your colleagues to submit abstracts and to attend this Congress. Please distribute this message to your colleagues and students. You may find more information in the Congress Website:
Deadline for Abstract Submission:
31 Jan 2017
Date of Notification:
15 Mar 2017
Early Bird Registration:
30 Apr 2017
Congress Secretariat
Tel No:
(852) 3400 8893
2016-02-20 IEEE Biomedical Engineering Awarded to Professor Shung
Professor K. Kirk Shung, former WACBE President [2011-2013], is the recepient of 2016 IEEE Biomedical Engineering Award. A world-renowned leader of biomedical ultrasound technology, Professor Shung's pioneering discoveries have contributed significantly to the health and welfare of society.
Read more
2015-07-19 Multiscale Biosensing for Innovative Medicine
Croucher Advanced Study Institute (ASI) is organizing a conference on Multiscale Biosensing for Innovative Medicine. The purpose of the conference is to explore how biosensing with appropriate spatial and temporal resolution could be deployed to quantitatively relate specific molecular expressions at the subcellular and cellular levels to physiological and functional events at the tissue and system levels. The event is to be held on 30 November - 02 December 2015 on the campus of The Chinese University of Hong Kong. Registration is free. For more information, please visit the conference website:
2015-02-19 WACBE Newsletter (No.4)
The fourth WACBE newsletter is available
2015-02-19 WACBE Affiliated Journal
Starting in 2015, WACBE has its own affiliated journal - Journal of Medical and Biological Engineering. More information of the journal are available
2014-07-01 WACBE Congress on Bioengineering 2015
Congress website:
2014-06-18 WACBE-sponsored BME Symposium
The program is linked
2013-12-19 WACBE Newsletter
The third WACBE newsletter is available
2013-12-5 The 6th WACBE World Congress on Bioengineering
6th WACBE World Congress on Bioengineering
was successfully held in Beihang University, Beijing, China, on August 5-8, 2013. The congress covered a wide variety of areas in bioengineering including biomechanics, biomaterial, rehabilitation, tissue engineering, biomolecular engineering, biomedical image, biosensor, etc., and offered an interdisciplinary platform for bioengineers to share and exchange experiences, suggestions and opinions. Over 400 participants around the world gathered in Beihang University for 4 days of scientific communication. The congress received 327 abstracts, and organized 18 oral sessions and 11 poster sessions, and two special forums. Prof. Shu Chien (University of California San Diego), Prof. Savio Woo (University of Pittsburgh), Prof. Chien Ho (Carnegie Mellon University), Prof. Kam Leong (Duke University), and Prof. Depei Liu (Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences) gave plenary speeches. There were 38 experts invited to give 20 invited keynote and 18 session keynote speeches in the congress. In the congress, three people won Savio & Pattie Woo Travelling Fellowship, and six people won Young Investigator Awards.
2013-10-15 ACRP Annual Research Symposium 2013
The Association of Clinical Research Professionals (ACRP) and Hong Kong Productivity Council (HKPC) co-organize the ACRP Annual Research Symposium 2013 - Clinical Research Regulatory Systems. The World Association for Chinese Biomedical Engineers (WACBE) is one of the supporting organizations for this symposium. WACBE members are encouraged to attend the symposium with reduced registration. Links for available for the
symposium website
symposium flyer
2013-07-11 Flow of a Long River
WACBE is proud to announce the publication of a new book in honor of its Founding President, Professor Savio L-Y. Woo. The title of the book is "Flow of a Long River - Tributes to Savio L-Y Woo on His 70th Birthday". This book is a compilation of tributes to Professor Woo, who has impacted the field of biomedical engineering and musculoskeletal science for four decades through his research, his guidance and mentorships, his friendships, and his love for the field, family, and friends. This book was published by World Scientific Publishing (WSP) and can be purchased on the
website or
2013-07-04 The 6th WACBE World Congress
The 6th WACBE World Congress on Bioengineering, Beijing, China, August 5-8, 2013.
Conference website:
2013-07-04 WOA Congress in Beijing, 2013
1st World Congress of the World Orthopaedic Alliance (WOA) during the 8th International Congress of Chinese Orthopaedic Association (COA), Beijing, November 7-10, 2013.
Click here
for a brochure. See
congress website
2012-08-31 Invitation to join WACBE
WACBE Council has decided to waive the membership fee for Regular and Student Members recently. Please fill
the application form
and return to us as soon as possible.
2012-08-22 The 6th WACBE World Congress
The 6th WACBE World Congress on Bioengineering will be held in Beihang University, Beijing, China, August 5-8, 2013.
2012-04-14 Faculty positions at the National Yang-Ming University
Faculty positions (musculoskeletal biomechanics) at the National Yang-Ming University
for job description.
2011-12-01 2012 IEEE Medal to Professor Savio L-Y. Woo
The IEEE Board of Directors announced that Professor Savio L.-Y. Woo is the recipient of the 2012 IEEE Medal for Innovations in Healthcare Technology. This Medal, sponsored by the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, is given for outstanding contributions and/or innovations in engineering within the fields of medicine, biology, and healthcare technology. Professor Woo is recognized "for pivotal contributions to biomechanics and its application to orthopedic surgery and sports medicine." Professor Woo was the founding President of WACBE and is a member of the US National Academy of Engineering and Institute of Medicine. Congratulations to Professor Woo on this prestigious recognition!
2011-09-13 The 5th WACBE World Congress
The WACBE 2011 is integrated with the 2011 Annual meeting of the Taiwanese Society of Biomedical Engineering (TSBME 2011). In celebration of Dr. Shu Chien's 80th birthday and Dr. Savio LY Woo's 70th birthday, the WACBE 2011 will also honor the lifetime achievements of Drs. Chien and Woo by symposia on mechanobiology and orthopaedic bioengineering, respectively.
Submissions to this year's WACBE Congress were numerous and resulted in 340 poster and podium presentations. The scientific program consists of plenary lectures, keynote lectures, special symposia, five parallel podium sessions, and two poster sessions. As suggested by Dr. Savio LY Woo, the WACBE founding president, we invited Dr. Michael M-C Lai, a world-renowned leader in virus, to deliver the honorary Congress lecture. Dr. Lai promoted a new vision and era of bioengineering research. In addition, the rapid growth of biomedical engineering programs in Asian countries has inspired a special forum on Bioengineering Education and Research - Emerging Trends and Future Prospects, organized by Dr. Kai-Nan An, Mayo Clinic.
In total, more than 1200 participants attended the combined meetings of WACBE 2011 and TSBME 2011. The Savio & Pattie Woo Travelling Fellowship, funded with the generous support of Professor and Mrs Savio LY Woo, and the Young Investigator's Awards, courtesy of IEEE EMBS President Zhi-Pei Liang, had strongly encouraged participation from the young generations, as well as growth and involvement in bioengineering.
2011-05-19 Academic Career Achievement Award to Professor K. Kirk Shung
Our in-coming WACBE President, Professor K. Kirk Shung, wins the 2011 IEEE-EMBS Academic Career Achievement Award for his contributions to biomedical ultrasonic technology and applications. IEEE-EMBS established the Academic Career Achievement Award to recognize "Outstanding contribution and achievement in the field of Biomedical Engineering as an educator, researcher, developer, or administrator who has had a distinguished career of twenty years or more in the field of biomedical engineering." Congratulations to Professor Shung on this prestigous recognition!
2011-03-06 Savio & Pattie Woo Travelling Fellowship
With the generous support of Professor and Mrs Savio Woo, we are pleased to announce the Savio & Pattie Woo Travelling Fellowship for applications by eligible participants of the WACBE Congress 2011. (
2010-08-21 The 5th WACBE Congress
The 5th WACBE World Congress on Bioengineering will be held in Tainan, Taiwan, August 18-21, 2011. Click
for the Congress website
2010-04-7 The WACBE Newsletter is available
The second WACBE newsletter is available
2010-03-18 The 5th WACBE Congress
The 5th WACBE World Congress on Bioengineering will be held in Tainan, Taiwan, August 18-21, 2011. (
2009-11-22 4th WACBE Congress A Great Success
The 4th WACBE World Congress on Bioengineering was held in Hong Kong, China on July 26-29, 2009. The congress covered all related areas in bioengineering and special symposiums of hot themes and offered a networking forum for bioengineers to keep abreast of the latest development in the field. This year's Organizing Committee members were Dr. Arthur Mak, Chairman, Dr. K.M. Chan, Vice-Chairman, Dr. Ming Zhang, Secretary-General, Dr. Ed X. Wu, Scientific Committee Chair, and Dr. Cheng Zhu, Scientific Committee Co-Chair among others. WACBE World Congress on Bioengineering 2009 was a memorable event for colleagues and friends from all over the world to establish friendship, to promote academic exchanges and to stimulate the interests of biomedical engineers. There were around 450 delegates from 25 countries and districts around the world. Prof JM Ko, Vice President of The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, the host, gave a welcome speech; Prof Arthur Mak, President of WACBE, gave the opening speech. Eight plenary lectures were given by Roderic Pettigrow, Savio Woo, Kerong dai, Chien Ho, Ning Wang, Yi LI, Kirk Shung, and KF So. The Congress received around 540 abstracts and 490 abstracts were printed in proceedings, including 8 plenary lectures, 2 workshop lectures, 1 banquet lecture, 41 keynote speeches and 214 other oral presentations and 224 poster presentations. Five Young Investigator awards were given to (1) Li Zhongyu, HKUST, "Polyether polyol-platinate conjugate and its micelle as new antitumor nanomedicines", (2) Hui Sai Kam, HKU, "Reduced CSF Contamination in DTI by Additional DWIs with Smaller B-value", (3) Chen Kai, USA, "Relationship between equilibrium point control processes and electromyographic pattern in elbow joint movement", (4) Martinez Ignacio, Spain, "upX73: Ubiquitous Platform for Personal Health Solutions Based on End-to-End Standard Design", and (5) Li Liu, China, "Flexibility, a possible dominant factor on the activity of antimicrobial peptides"
Faculty position at Wayne State University
The Biomedical Engineering (BME) Department of Wayne State University (WSU) is soliciting applications to fill a new Assistant/Associate Professor position in Biomedical Engineering ... (
2008-01-04 The WACBE Inaugural Newsletter is available
2008 #1
2007-11-22 Membership renewal for Year 2008
Please pay your 2008 annual membership dues.
2007-11-22 Report on the 3rd WACBE Congress
The 3rd WACBE World Congress on Bioengineering was indeed a global event. We had close to 300 participants from 30 countries around the world gathering in exotic Bangkok for 3 wonderful days of scientific exchanges. We are grateful to the Prof Dr Yongyuth Yuthavong, Minister of Science and Technology of Thailand who graciously gave the Opening Address, followed by Prof Savio Woo (Pittsburgh) who gave an inspiring Congress Lecture. Prof Abraham Lee (UC Irvine) and Masahiro Sokabe (Nagoya) in their Plenary Lectures presented exciting possibilities in bioengineering at both the micro and nano levels. In addition, we had 20 Keynote Presentations from very prominent bioengineers and scientists. There were 40 oral paper sessions organized into 4 parallel tracks and 94 poster papers. Apart from the scientific presentations, the congress was treated to Traditional Thai Dances by the students of Mahidol University at the Gala Banquet. It was a highly successful congress thanks to the hard working organizing committee members from Singapore and Thailand, as well as guidance from the WACBE Council. We are also thankful to the sponsors and exhibitors, their contribution allowed us to provide extremely low registration fees for bona fide students to attend the congress. We also had a rare opportunity, thanks to Prof Dr Pairash Thajchayapong (NSTDA's Specialist and Senior Advisor) who specially arranged for some of the WACBE Council members to have an audience with Her Royal Highness Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn at the Sra Pathum Palace. Her Royal Highness has a special interest in bioengineering, in particular its application in improving healthcare. I believe the 3rd WACBE World Congress on Bioengineering was a memorable event for many where old ties were renewed and new friendships were established.
(Photos by Mrs. Pattie Woo)
2007-08-28 Congress Organizing Committee Meeting
A preliminary Organizing Committee Meeting for the 4th WACBE World Congress on Bioengineering was held in Hong Kong Polytechnic University. The meeting was chaired by Professor Arthur Mak, who is the Chair of the Congress.
(From left: Zong-Ming Li, Lin Qing, Ming Zhang, Arthur Mak, Kai-Ming Chan, Ed Wu, Thomas Lee, Parco Siu, Mo Yang)
2007-07-15 The 4th WACBE Congress
The 4th WACBE Congress will be hosted by Professor Arthur Mak in Hong Kong, July 26-29, 2009.
2007-02-28 WACBE Informal Council Meeting
The President called the first WACBE Informal Meeting during the Annual Conference of Orthopaedic Research Society in San Diego, February 12, 2007.
2007-02-28 First WACBE Council
WACBE concludes the election of the first council. The council members are: Savio Woo (President), Arthur Mak (President-Elect), Zong-Ming Li (Secretary), Ming Zhang (Secretary-Elect), Ed Guo (Treasurer), Zhongping Chen (Treasurer-Elect), Congress Chairs (Yi-Min Hu and James Goh), and six Councilors (Cheng-Kung Cheng, Xiaoping Hu, Kam Leong, Yubo Fan, Zonglai Jiang, and Zhipei Liang).
2006-03-08 WACBE World Congress on Bioengineering
The 3rd WACBE World Congress on Bioengineering will be held in Bangkok, Thailand, July 9-11, 2007. Please visit the congress website at
2003-12-01 WACBE Steering Committee Meeting, Hong Kong


text:
POLICE are appealing for information to help trace a boy from Berkeley who ran away from school today.
Tony Lemm, 13 and originally from Berkeley, was last seen in the Ryeleaze Road area of Stroud at 2pm after being spoken to about a disciplinary matter at school.
Tony has been missing and returned safely before but officers are concerned because of his age and vulnerability.
Anyone who sees Tony is urged to call 101, or 999 if appropriate, straight away.
Tony is described as white, 5ft 10ins tall, of stocky build, with brown, short hair.
He was wearing black trousers, white shirt and black sweater and possibly carrying a blue and black rucksack.
The only photo of Tony currently available, which is of very poor quality, has been released by police to help the appeal.
Tony has links to Wotton-under-Edge and Nailsworth so people in those areas in particular are asked to be on the lookout.


text:
Is it possible to enable both http and https for debug purposes. The
last time I loaded a cert into m0n0wall it didn't boot up, this ment I
had to go to the customers site, climb in the roof, pull it down, take
it home and reconfigure the LAN IP, then put it back.
It would be nice if you could turn on https and have http as a failsafe.
I'm a bit scared of putting my signed (cacert.org) cert into m0n0wall


text:
Being a Voice in this World
Aside from God and family, sports is what I love most. Talking is what I do best. Helping and being a voice for other females is what I believe I was put on this earth to do. With that being said, why not put it all together into one dream? If I could earn a living doing what I love most, it would have to be working for ESPN talking about what I love most while also being an inspiration, hope, and voice for young girls who struggle with domestic violence, insecurities, and finding themselves. Though I have always been assured of myself, as a young girl I struggled with insecurities. I have also always had a heart for those involved with domestic violence. I am a prime example of how to overcome. I have learned that The Lord our God created us in his image and made each one of us unique. We are exactly how he wanted us to be, and we are so beautiful in his eyes. We are above any kind of abuse and violence. The Lord created us to Love him and to love one another. 1 Corinthians 13:4-7 states exactly what love is supposed to be. By being in this profession, I hope to one day work my way up to higher platform, not only nationwide but also be a worldwide voice and example to young females on how to overcome and show them that they can still be successful doing what they love.