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Due to the various parameters that influence air solubility and microbubble production in dissolved air flotation (DAF), a multitude of values that cover a large range for these parameters are suggested for field systems. An unpacked saturator and an air quantification unit were designed to specify the effects of power, pressure, temperature, hydraulic retention time, and air flow on the DAF performance. It was determined that a pressure of 621 kPa, hydraulic retention time of 18.2 min, and air flow of 8.5 L/h would be the best controlled parameters for maximum efficiency in this unit. A temperature of 7 °C showed the greatest microbubble production, but temperature control would not be expected in actual application. The maximum microbubble flow from the designed system produced 30 mL of air (±1.5) per L of water under these conditions with immediate startup. The maximum theoretical dissolved air volume of 107 mL (±6) was achieved at a retention time of 2 h and a pressure of 621 kPa. To isolate and have better control over the various DAF operational parameters, the DAF unit was operated without the unsaturated flow stream. This mode of operation led to the formation of large bubbles at peak bubble production rates. In a real-world application, the large bubble formation will be avoided by mixing with raw unsaturated stream and by altering the location of dissolved air output flow.
The design of a specific dissolved air flotation (DAF) system depends upon the factors such as the volume of wastewater to be treated, the degree and nature of contamination, the extent of treatment required, and any subsequent treatment that is required for the recovered product concentration [
One of the common design parameters most often used for sizing a dissolved air flotation unit is the recycle ratio. The recycle ratio (
Rr = Qr/Qw (1)
where (
Capture efficiency is defined as the ratio of the number of bubble-captured particles to the number of particles initially located in the volume that the bubbles swept [
The equilibrium concentration of a dissolved gas depends mainly upon the temperature of the water and partial pressure of the gas in the atmosphere in contact with the water [
The recycle-flow pressurization design was used in the construction of this bench scale DAF unit (
The dissolution tank was made with a 1.37 m long, 15.24 cm inner diameter (I.D.) stainless steel pipe with welded end caps to form an airtight tank with a 25.57 L volume. One port at the top of the cap accommodated a pressure gauge and continuous pressure release valve which allowed the system to maintain any set pressure ranging from 0 to 689 kPa, by bleeding off any excess air.
Dissolved air flotation (DAF) Setup. The dissolution tank was pressurized with separate flows of water and air entering the base of the unit. Each parameter was controlled independently of the rest.
A diaphragm pump was used to push water into the dissolution tank at high pressures through one port at the bottom of the tank. A needle valve submerged within the clean water tank adjusted the inflow of the pump which was measured with an inline flow meter.
Three additional ports, separated by 120° (when observed from the top), were used for air injection through three fine air stones (3.81 cm × 1.27 cm × 1.27 cm). Air dissolution is enhanced at the water/air interface by setting up an air injection system below the water surface [
Understanding how the various parameters of the saturator affected air solubility was possible by quantifying the excess air volume that formed microbubbles. All gas solubility laws and fundamental thermodynamic principles governing gas solubility will govern micro bubble production. The excess dissolved air volume beyond atmospheric saturation is more important than the total air volume leaving the system [
The measuring unit body consisted of a clear 7.62 cm I.D. PVC pipe that was capped on the bottom end and reduced at the top to a 1.27 cm national pip thread (NPT) coupling with a reducer. The volume was capable of holding over 1 L of water. A 1.27 cm NPT male with 1.59 cm O.D. barb was connected to a graduated 1.59 cm I.D. Tygon tubing and was screwed into the top reduced coupling. The tubing was marked up to100 mL in increments of 10 mL. Raising the outlet tube to the height of the system prevented the drainage of the system when not in use. Steinbach and Haarhoff recommend using a similar system for measuring the precipitated air volume with a batch system; however several adjustments were made for simplicity and to improve the accuracy [
The air quantification unit measured the volume of air that was released from solution exiting the dissolved flotation unit.
For every measurement taken, the following procedure was followed: With the inlet closed, the plug was removed from the graduated tubing and the air quantification unit was filled with water so that the water level of the outlet hose and brim of the graduated tubing were even. The 0.95 cm I.D. outlet tubing remained open to the atmosphere and was dropped into a graduated cylinder, which was elevated to an appropriate height to maintain the static water levels. After filling up the air quantification unit and the graduated tubing with water, the 1.59 cm I.D. tubing was plugged with a rubber stopper to prevent any air release. When ready, the inlet valve was opened to allow the air saturated flow from the DAF system into the measuring unit. The water volume was displaced by the incoming air and water and exited the bottom of the unit where it was measured in the graduated cylinder. When 1 L of water was collected in the graduated cylinder, the flow from the DAF unit was turned off. The air that was released from solution rose through the graduated tubing where its total volume was measured. After waiting 5 min to ensure that all the air had released from solution, the plug at the top was removed to equalize the pressure of the system. The volume of air per L of water was measured by reading the volume displaced in the graduated tygon tubing.
The pressure regulator at the top of the saturation tank allowed the pressure to be sustained at 345, 414, 483, 552, and 621 kPa. The water flow rate was maintained at 1.8 L/min for a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 11 min. The temperature was held at 21 °C and the air flow was kept steady at 8.5 L/h.
The energy efficiency at various pressures was determined by measuring the power consumption of the pump with a watt meter (P3 Kill A Watt Load Meter) and comparing that value with bubble production previously determined. The meter displayed the watts that were consumed by the pump as the pressure in the dissolution tank increased from 0 to 621 kPa.
Ice and water heaters were used to vary the water temperatures from 7, 14, 21, 28, and 35 °C. The water flow rate was maintained at 1.8 L/min for a HRT of 11 min. The pressure remained constant at 552 kPa and the air flow was sustained at 8.5 L/h.
The water flow rates were varied at 0.8, 1.3, 1.8, 2.3, and 2.8 L/min. These flows corresponded to 25, 15.4, 11.1, 8.7, and 7.1 min retention times in the dissolution tank, respectively. The temperature was held at 21 °C and the air flow was steady at 8.5 L/h. The pressure remained constant at 552 kPa.
An air flow meter varied the incoming air at 0, 5.7, 11.3, 17, 22.7 L/h. The water flow rate was maintained at 1.8 L/min for a HRT of 11 min, and the pressure was maintained at 552 kPa. The water temperature was noted at 21 °C and was held constant throughout the test.
A final test was used to determine the maximum bubble concentration that would exit the dissolution tank when supplying additional aeration. The ideal pressure, temperature, hydraulic retention time, and air flow previously determined were held constant. The flow rate was maintained at 1.1 L/min for a HRT of 18.2 min. The water temperature was 12 °C and the pressure of the dissolution tank was maintained at 621 kPa. The air flow was held constant at 8.5 L/h.
After one HRT had passed, the water inflow and outflow were turned off and the system was aerated for an additional 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 60, 120, and 1,080 min at a rate of 8.5 L/h. The pressure release valve prevented an increase in pressure while the system was being aerated. After the allotted time of additional aeration elapsed, the air flow was shut off and the system remained undisturbed for 5 min. The exiting flow line was then connected to the air quantification unit and opened to measure the volume of air per L of water. The system was then allowed to return to startup conditions before the next time of additional aeration was incorporated.
The largest average volume of air measured per L of water was 19.67 mL (±0.58) and was achieved at 621 kPa (
P = KcM (2)
where (
Higher pressures provided greater solubility, but there was a diminishing return in pressures over 500 KPa (73 psi) [
The power consumption of the pump increased linearly as the pressure of the dissolution tank increased from 0 to 621 kPa. When the pump ran with atmospheric pressure on its exiting end, it consumed an average of 24 W (±0.0), and when the dissolution tank reached 621 kPa the pump doubled its power intake to 50.3 W (±2.1). The values of bubble production and power consumption at various pressures were then compared in to determine the efficiency of the system at increasing pressures. The best fit curve was hyperbolic, with an immediate increase from 345 kPa to 414 kPa, and a peak value achieved at 621 kPa. Despite the flattening of the curve at the end, 621 kPa was still the most efficient, providing an average of 0.391 mL of air per W.
Comparing the results of the bubble production and power consumption tests indicated that operating a DAF system at 621 kPa provided the most air at the lowest energy rate. The flattening of the curve indicated that operating the system above 621 kPa would provide no additional gain in air volume produced per energy usage. Conversely, operating at lower pressures required more energy to achieve the equivalent micro bubble production volume.
The bubble production with respect to temperature did not follow as initially expected (
The pressure (552 kPa), retention time (11 min) and air flow (8.5 L/h) were held constant. The microbubble volume was measured at temperatures of 7, 14, 21, 28, and 35 °C.
The coolest temperature of 7 °C provided the greatest air solubility, and the bubble production decreased linearly with increasing temperature up to 21 °C. Further increase in temperature, however, increased the bubble production, leaving two data points well outside the linear curve.
The increased volume of air released from the exiting flow at warmer temperatures can be explained by the Stokes-Einstein equation for diffusivity [
The rate of transfer of gas between water and air was controlled by the thickness of a thin layer of water through which gas was transferred by molecular diffusion [
An increase in water flow rate resulted in a decrease in bubble production (
The pressure (552 kPa), temperature (21 °C), and air flow (8.5 L/h) were held constant. The microbubble volume was measured at retention times of 25, 15.4, 11.1, 8.7, and 7.1 min.
Increasing the air flow beyond the theoretically required air flow (9.6 L/h) provided no significant increase in microbubble production (
The pressure (552 kPa), temperature (21 °C), and retention time (11 min) were held constant. The microbubble volume was measured at air flow rates of 0, 5.7, 11.3, 17, 22.7 L/h.
It was also noted that when the air flow was increased beyond 11.3 L/h, the microbubble flow was disturbed by large bubbles. The increased air input created larger bubbles with smaller specific surface areas and led to poorer gas transfers. Instead of dissolving in solution, these larger bubbles were quickly ejected from the water column and exited with the dissolved air flow. Since these large bubbles had no added value for the flotation process, the incoming air flow was not increased past 11.3 L/h for all later experiments. It was determined that the air flow beyond an optimum point negatively impacted the microbubble production.
An increasing linear trend was observed with the bubble volume as the time of aeration increased to 20 min in the batch tests (
Immediately after one hydraulic retention time, and without any additional aeration, it was noted that the bubble production was around 30 mL of air (±1.5) from 1 L of water. More importantly, the air volume that was measured resulted solely from microbubbles. As the air solubility increased as a result of longer aeration times, the bubbles exiting the flow were much larger in diameter (approximately 2 mm in diameter as compared to 40 µm). Vlyssides and coworkers indicated a similar problem, stating that during depressurization of water saturated with air, bubbles smaller than 1 µm were formed, but through mechanisms not thoroughly understood, they joined and produced a range of bubbles, with sizes between 1 µm and a few mm [
The maximum production runs were tested at optimum pressure (621 kPa), temperature (12 °C), and air flow (8.5 L/h). After one hydraulic retention time (HRT) had passed, the water inflow and outflow were turned off and the system was aerated for an additional 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 60, 120, and 1080 min at a rate of 8.5 L/h.
The air transfer efficiency, plateaued at ~0.391mL/W at dissolution pressures of 621 kPa. Although higher pressures provided greater air solubility, there was a diminishing return on transfer efficiency at higher pressures. The effect of temperature on dissolution was mixed, possibly due to two competing processes, namely: 1) reduced gas solubility at higher temperatures, and 2) reduction of boundary layer at higher temperatures. The air flow into the dissolution tank beyond (11.3 L/h) negatively impacted the microbubble production due to formation of large bubbles in the water column. Although the optimization runs were limited to 30% air dissolution due to large bubble formation, 100% dissolution efficiency was achieved by increasing the aeration time to 2 h. Additional design modifications (position of pressure relief valve, diameter and length of exit tubing) may also help in alleviating the 30% limitation in a field setting.


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Confessions of an Economic Hit Man
Posted on Apr 3, 2008
By David Sirota
I'll admit it: I used to admire John McCain.
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Specifically, I wanted to believe the guy talking tough about campaign finance reform was committed to getting money out of politics. This was the Arizona senator who in 2002 taped a radio ad praising his state's "clean elections" system. It provides public money to candidates so they don't have to finance campaigns with corporate contributions—the kind given in exchange for legislative favors. McCain's support for clean elections, I thought, proved he wanted to end corruption.
But by the time the senator showed up here in Colorado last week for a fundraiser at Denver's Petroleum Club, I knew I had been duped.
As The Washington Post reports, McCain is now "assiduously courting both lobbyists and their wealthy clients, offering them private audiences as part of his fundraising." He has more lobbyists as fundraisers than any other White House contender, and he allows lobbyists to simultaneously work in his campaign and represent business clients. In fact, the Post reported that his chief adviser "said he does a lot of his [lobbying] work by telephone from McCain's Straight Talk Express bus."
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While McCain prepared his presidential run in 2005, a bill came up to permit drilling in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR). McCain—the "maverick" who voted to prevent ANWR drilling in 2003—sided with the oil industry and reversed his vote. He has since signed on more than a dozen staffers and fundraisers who have represented energy interests, while his presidential campaign has been rewarded with $393,000 from the oil and gas industry.
Likewise, Democrats in 2006 authored legislation to implement a version of Arizona's clean elections system at the federal level. McCain, who previously told PBS the system could be a national model, "dismissed the proposal with a flat 'no,' " according to The Hill newspaper. As the nonpartisan Public Campaign Action Fund reports, McCain is the only current presidential candidate refusing to support public financing of elections.
Then again, McCain's flip-flopping is likely the re-emergence of the real McCain—the longtime corporate crony.
For example, before voting against Arctic drilling in 2003, McCain voted to support such drilling in 1995 (yes, the "straight talker" was first for it, then against it, then for it again).
Additionally, McCain may have presented himself in 2000 as the crusader against corruption and in 2002 as a champion of clean elections, but he was originally a member of the Keating Five—the senators involved in an influence-peddling scheme during the savings and loan meltdown of the 1980s.
Now, rushing to build a war chest, McCain is doing everything short of putting a For Sale sign on his forehead. During a nationwide fundraising tour, he was showered with big donations after defending the lobbyist-written trade policies that have driven down wages. He is sure to raise even more cash as he shows his Keating Five roots when shilling for the financial industry. Last week, approaching the 21st anniversary of that scandal, McCain followed the advice of banking-executive-turned-campaign-adviser Phil Gramm and demanded that Congress oppose new Wall Street regulations in the wake of the credit crisis.
Indeed, this reversion to form is McCain's catharsis of corruption, proving the senator is just another hired gun. In so publicly embracing Big Money, his message has become a series of embarrassing admissions—a campaign version of the book "Confessions of an Economic Hit Man." There is just one difference: This Arizona hit man expresses absolutely no remorse.
David Sirota is a best-selling author whose newest book, "The Uprising," will be released in June. He is a fellow at the Campaign for America's Future and a board member of the Progressive States Network, both nonpartisan organizations. His blog is at www.credoaction.com/sirota.
© 2008 Creators Syndicate Inc.
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By samosamo, April 8, 2008 at 1:49 pm Link to this comment
So right. One of the basic things one has to consider are the republican tricks. The republicans have not an ounce of integrity, compassion, patriotism, just no good qualities at all. They are scared, ruthless, conniving, greedy people. So expect and always take them as someone that will approach you for some reason other than what they ask of you.
By Deborah, April 7, 2008 at 8:05 am Link to this comment
Sometimes, I can't help feeling that we chose the slaughter and displacement of millions of Iraqis rather than dig in the ANWR.
And we're going to end up digging there anyway and the lives of these people can never be replaced or their homes and infrastructure rebuilt.
Are the lives of brown people cheaper than polar bears? Was there ever a way to protect both and still have oil? Did anyone ever even care?
These are the questions I'd most like to ask them all. Bush, Cheney, Rove, Powell, Rice, Rumsfeld, Wolfowitz - and the current candidates as well - McCain, Clinton and Obama.
How could we have wreaked such death and chaos and not even give a damn - just go on to the next election cycle?
It makes me sick when I think about it too long. Quite literally ill.
By Bill Blackolive, April 6, 2008 at 10:34 am Link to this comment
How come in all this MLK connected nobody reminds everybody MLK(this hero who in the US of A has many streets named after him)said: The US is the largest conveyor of violence on earth. If I paraphrase any. The man was putting the tail on the donkey, he was great. But now at patriotsquestion9/11 we have too many to get shot. It is time to whelm the farting fat white asses running the world. They are hollow, been hollow, good grief.
By debbie S, April 4, 2008 at 8:15 am Link to this comment
If interested there is a petition sight concernibg these issues.http://action.firedoglake.com/page/petition/mccainfec
By DennisD, April 4, 2008 at 7:52 am Link to this comment
McCain is a perfect example of why there should be mandatory term limits in government. Congress is full of them on both sides of the aisle.
Six years as a Senator or Congressman is more than enough time for a politician to accomplish something of value for the country and at the same time hopefully limits the amount of damage they can do.
Lobbyists and career politicians have destroyed our republic. Vote "all" incumbents OUT.
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New Targets and New Mechanisms in Lung Cancer
New Targets and New Mechanisms in Lung Cancer
With the advent of the importance of histology in non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and the development of targeted agents that work on newly found mutations, the field of lung cancer therapy has greatly changed. In addition to new uses of chemotherapeutics and targeted agents, the possibilities of immunotherapy are also being explored. This review will describe the well-known use of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) antibodies; the current uses of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) tyrosine kinase inhibitors; newer agents being used against MET, fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR), and other intracellular targets; insights regarding the field of immunotherapy in lung cancer; and finally, newer developments in chemotherapy.
Lung cancer is the second most common form of cancer and the most common cause of cancer-related deaths in men and women, yet cure rates are significantly lower than those of other less prevalent cancers, such as cancers of the breast and colon. More than two decades ago, very few treatments were available for lung cancer; over time, however, we have made modest strides in finding new forms of chemotherapy and new treatment targets.
Especially in the last several years, significant advances have been made in personalized chemotherapy choices, based on histology and on the availability of targeted agents that are effective and less-toxic options for lung cancer patients. The first of these targeted agents was bevacizumab (Avastin), a humanized monoclonal antibody directed at vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which was associated with an improvement in overall survival (OS) in non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) when added to carboplatin and paclitaxel.[1] With the success of bevacizumab as a model, newer therapies are constantly being investigated, and this review aims to provide an overview of current practice, with insights into future management. (Figure 1 highlights some current and emerging targets and targeted therapies in lung cancer.)
Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR)
The evolution of the epidermal growth factor family's importance in malignancy and as a therapeutic target dates back to 1962, when Stanley Cohen isolated a novel protein from mice that demonstrated increased growth of incisors and eyelids in newborn animals.[2] This protein, now called epidermal growth factor, includes a family of ligands and receptors; somatic mutations in the tyrosine kinase domain of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) are found in 15% to 20% of lung adenocarcinomas, with deletion 19 and L858R representing almost 90% of these EGFR mutations. Two classes of agents targeting EGFR have been investigated extensively in patients with NSCLC: the tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and the monoclonal antibodies (mAbs).
Gefitinib and erlotinib (Tarceva) bind in a reversible fashion to the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) binding site of EGFR tyrosine kinase, inhibiting initiation of signaling cascades. Through numerous studies, it became clear that responses to these targeted agents did not emerge from unselected populations. Significant results were not seen just with specific patient characteristics or even EGFR amplification but instead noted in patients with specific EGFR mutations.
With this evolving knowledge, gefitinib and erlotinib were brought to the front-line treatment of patients with advanced NSCLC harboring EGFR mutations, and by December 2010, results of multiple randomized phase III trials comparing front-line erlotinib or gefitinib against platinum-based chemotherapy in patients with advanced NSCLC were reported. The Iressa Pan-Asia Study (IPASS), First-SIGNAL, the North-East Japan Study Group NEJ002 trial, and the West Japan Thoracic Oncology Group trial 3405 (WJTOG3405) are four studies that involved gefitinib, while EURTAC and OPTIMAL utilized erlotinib; all of these investigations highlighted the distinct nature of EGFR-mutated lung cancer and its selected response to TKI intervention.[3-10] In EGFR-mutated tumors, erlotinib/gefitinib consistently provided benefit across these studies in terms of progression-free survival (PFS), response rate (RR), and quality of life (QoL) compared with chemotherapy. Specifically, EURTAC randomized 165 patients between erlotinib and carboplatin/gemcitabine, and showed a PFS improvement of 8.5 months (13.1 vs 4.6 months; P < .0001); OPTIMAL randomized 173 patients between erlotinib and chemotherapy (platinum with docetaxel or gemcitabine) and showed an improvement in PFS of 4.5 months (9.7 vs 5.2 months; P < .0001).[9,10] None of the studies demonstrated an OS advantage, likely due to high rates of cross-over to the alternative therapy at the time of disease progression. The results of these trials demonstrate that testing for EGFR mutations should be a standard, to identify those who would benefit from front-line EGFR-TKI treatment.
Despite the benefits derived from treatment with gefitinib/erlotinib, acquired resistance develops. The mechanisms of resistance and means of overcoming them have become active areas of research. Amplification of MET and T790M mutations account for 20% and 50%, respectively, of these cases.[11] Irreversible EGFR inhibitors, targeted therapies against MET, and dual-pathway blockades have activity in this resistant population.
Afatinib is an irreversible ErbB family blocker that covalently binds to the cysteine residue of EGFR, providing longer inhibition of EGFR. Compelling data on afatinib from LUX-Lung 3 have been reported. In this open-label, randomized phase III study, patients with EGFR-mutated, advanced lung adenocarcinoma received front-line treatment with either afatinib or cisplatin-pemetrexed. Those treated with afatinib demonstrated a prolonged PFS (11.1 vs 6.9 months; hazard ratio [HR] = 0.58; P = .0004).[12] In the preplanned analysis, those with common mutations (Del19 or L858R) had a median PFS of 13.6 vs 6.9 months (HR = 0.47; P < .0001). The RR was significantly higher with afatinib (56.1% vs 22.6%, P < .001 in all patients; and 60.8% vs 22.1%, P < .0001 in patients with common mutations). There were also improvements in the 1-year disease-control rate, cancer-related symptoms, and QoL with afatinib. The most frequent adverse events were diarrhea and rash, although no patients discontinued afatinib because of rash. LUX-Lung 3 is the first randomized study to demonstrate benefit of an oral targeted therapy vs chemotherapy in a molecularly selected population. Afatinib has also demonstrated benefit in those previously treated with EGFR TKIs.[13] Based on these results, afatinib is currently available to those who are both TKI-naive and TKI-resistant, through an open-label expanded-access program.
Cetuximab (Erbitux), a chimeric monoclonal IgG1 antibody that blocks EGFR signaling, has been investigated in the front line in combination with platinum-based chemotherapy in advanced NSCLC through two multicenter, randomized phase III trials. The First-Line ErbituX in lung cancer (FLEX) trial and the Bristol-Myers Squibb (BMS) 099 study both revealed statistically significant increases in RR with the addition of cetuximab to chemotherapy, and both demonstrated about a 1.3-month increase in OS, although BMS 099 lacked the power to detect a statistically significant difference of this magnitude.[14,15] These results are in contrast to those found with EGFR-TKIs combined with chemotherapy, which may be attributed to the different mechanism of action of the monoclonal antibody. Despite the positive results from FLEX, cetuximab has not been approved for treatment of NSCLC.
However, cetuximab is being investigated further in combination with other targeted therapies. Bevacizumab and cetuximab have shown promising results in the Southwest Oncology Group (SWOG) 0536 trial.[16] In this safety-and-efficacy phase II single-arm study, approximately 100 patients with advanced NSCLC were treated front-line with carboplatin, paclitaxel, bevacizumab, and cetuximab. The feasibility endpoint was met, and secondary endpoints revealed an RR of 53%, PFS of 7 months, and OS of 14 months. These results have led to the ongoing phase III SWOG 0819 trial of carboplatin-paclitaxel and bevacizumab (in eligible patients), with or without cetuximab, in patients with advanced NSCLC.
Additionally, cetuximab has shown response in combination with afatinib. In a trial with combination afatinib-cetuximab in patients with EGFR mutations and disease progression on erlotinib, disease control was observed in all 22 patients treated with the 40-mg dose of afatinib, with tumor size reduction of up to 76%.[17] This is under further investigation with an ongoing expanded cohort.
Dacomitinib (PF-00299804) is a pan-HER inhibitor that binds irreversibly to the ATP domain of EGFR, HER2, and HER4 and has demonstrated EGFR inhibition in cell lines harboring L858R and T790M mutations.[18,19] In a global phase II study, 188 patients were randomized to dacomitinib or erlotinib after progression on chemotherapy. PFS (primary endpoint) was improved with dacomitinib (2.86 vs 1.91 months; HR = 0.66; P = .012), suggesting that dacomitinib is another potential treatment option.[20]
KD019/XL647 is a small-molecule TKI that targets EGFR, VEGFR-2, HER2, and Ephrin type B receptor 4. In a phase II study evaluating two dosing regimens, the RR was 20% and the PFS was 5.3 months. In patients with EGFR mutations, the RR was 57% and the PFS was 9.3 months.[21] This is a compound that will continue to undergo clinical evaluation.
A number of agents targeting parallel and downstream signaling of the EGFR pathway are under development for the treatment of NSCLC, including MET inhibitors. The rationale for dual inhibition of EGFR and MET for treatment of NSCLC is based on evidence that MET is associated with resistance to erlotinib and gefitinib, and preclinical and clinical data suggest that this combination has additive or synergistic antitumor activity which may overcome resistance.[22-24]
Tivantinib (ARQ 197) is an oral, selective, non–ATP-competitive inhibitor of MET receptor tyrosine kinase. A global randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase II trial compared erlotinib plus ARQ 197 vs erlotinib plus placebo in EGFR inhibitor–naive patients with advanced NSCLC. In this 167-patient trial, median PFS (primary endpoint) was prolonged with combination therapy (16.1 vs 9.7 weeks; HR = 0.81; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.57–1.15; P = .23).[25] Based on these promising data, the MARQUEE (Met inhibitor ARQ 197 plus Erlotinib vs Erlotinib plus placebo in NSCLC) trial was designed as a phase III, randomized, double-blind study of tivantinib plus erlotinib vs placebo plus erlotinib in previously treated patients with advanced non-squamous NSCLC, with a primary endpoint of OS.[26]
The agent onartuzumab/MetMAb (OAM4558) inhibits hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor (HGF/SF)—a tissue-derived cytokine—from binding to MET, while its monovalent structure prevents dimerization/activation of the MET signaling pathway.[27] Studies have shown that the activation of MET by the binding of HGF/SF in tumors may lead to cell proliferation, increased cell survival, and induction of motility and invasion via modification of cell-to-cell adhesion, thus leading to poor prognosis, especially in lung cancer.[28,29] A global randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase II study compared erlotinib plus onartuzumab vs erlotinib plus placebo in the second- or third-line management of advanced NSCLC. The addition of MetMAb to erlotinib significantly improved PFS and OS in patients who had high expression of MET in their tumors, resulting in a near two-fold reduction in the risk of disease progression and a three-fold reduction in the risk of death.[30] This is being followed by the MetLung study, a randomized, phase III, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in patients with advanced NSCLC and MET-positive tumors who have failed at least one line but no more than two prior lines of platinum-based chemotherapy; the primary endpoint is OS.[31]
In conclusion, targeting the EGFR pathway for treatment of NSCLC continues to expand from the reversible EGFR TKIs to the irreversible EGFR TKIs and other monoclonal antibodies that, used as single agents and in combination with other novel therapies, remain a backbone of management for those who harbor EGFR mutations.
Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK)
ALK was originally identified in patients with anaplastic large cell lymphoma, a subset of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma.[32] The ALK gene also plays a key role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors and in neuroblastoma, but it was never observed to be important in lung cancer until two groups discovered ALK rearrangement in NSCLC in 2007.[33,34] The potential driver mutation is a fusion of an intrachromosomal inversion on the short arm of chromosome 2 that joins exons 1–13 of the Echinoderm microtubule-associated-protein like 4 gene (EML4) to exons 21–29 of ALK.[33-35] The resulting EML4-ALK is a fusion of the N-terminal portion of the protein encoded by EML4, with the intracellular signaling portion of the receptor tyrosine kinase encoded by the ALK gene.[33,34] This EML4-ALK fusion gene seems novel to NSCLC.
Generally, the incidence of ALK-rearranged NSCLC is 3% to 5%.[35-37] One study showed a 13% incidence in metastatic NSCLC in Western populations and a 22% incidence in never/light smokers.[35] In Asian patients negative for EGFR and KRAS mutations, ALK fusion was seen in 17%.[38] Clinical signs of ALK rearrangement in NSCLC are unclear; hence, molecular testing is necessary. There are three methods of detecting ALK rearrangement: a fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) break apart assay, immunohistochemistry (IHC), and reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). FISH is the current gold standard and is the companion diagnostic test (Vysis ALK break apart FISH probe kit; Abbott Molecular Inc) approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in conjunction with conditioned approval of crizotinib (Xalkori) in the United States.[35,39-41]
Crizotinib is an oral, small-molecule competitive ATP inhibitor, primarily of MET, and it also has selective ALK inhibition.[35,36,39] It was first studied in humans in 2006 in the PROFILE 1001 study, using an initial standard dose-escalation pharmacokinetic schema followed by a clinical efficacy evaluation. After two patients in this phase I study had a dramatic response (coinciding with the discovery of ALK gene rearrangements in patients with NSCLC), an expanded prospective cohort was enrolled, with testing for ALK rearrangement.[42] Updated results from September 2012 showed a 60% RR (3 complete responses, 84 partial responses), a median time to first documented objective response of 8 weeks, and a median duration of response of 49 weeks. Overall survival data are not yet mature, but estimated 6- and 12-month OS rates are 87.9% and 74.8%, respectively.[43]
Response to crizotinib is independent of age, sex, performance status, and prior treatment.[43] Upon the initial results of PROFILE 1001, a multicenter open-label phase II study (PROFILE 1005) was initiated. Recent data from this study showed a response rate of 60%; the median PFS was 8.1 months and the median response duration was 46 weeks, with responses appearing at 6 weeks.[44]
Crizotinib gained FDA approval in August 2011 for locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC that is ALK-positive, based on the previously described studies reporting response rates alone. Preliminary results of the prospective randomized phase III trial (PROFILE 1007) comparing crizotinib and either pemetrexed (Alimta) or docetaxel in the second-line setting were recently presented in Vienna at the 2012 meeting of the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO). The primary endpoint of PFS was 7.7 months in the crizotinib arm and 3 months in the chemotherapy arm. The RRs were 65% and 20%, respectively. Interim OS data showed no difference, but OS may be skewed secondary to patient crossover.[45]
Currently, the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines give a category 2A recommendation for the ALK inhibitor crizotinib in the first-line setting in patients with locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC who have the ALK gene rearrangement.[46] The NCCN also recommends FISH as the standard diagnostic test until further evidence regarding use of RT-PCR and IHC for assessing ALK status becomes available.
ALK-rearranged NSCLC has developed resistance to crizotinib. Some mechanisms of resistance include acquired or secondary resistance via mutations in six amino acid residues in ALK, coactivation of EGFR signaling, secondary point mutations in the ALK TKI domain, ALK gene amplification, and loss of the ALK fusion gene and the activation of other kinases.[47]
Several other ALK inhibitors are in the development pipeline, with investigative goals aiming for more selective ALK inhibition and the overcoming of crizotinib resistance. Some are selective ALK inhibitors like AP26113, CH5424802, LDK378, ASP3026, and X396. AP26113 is ALK/EGFR-specific, hence it has the potential to overcome crizotinib resistance mediated by EGFR activation. Recently, the FDA granted "breakthrough therapy" designation to LDK378, allowing expedited development of the drug (of note, this designation is distinct from that of priority review or that of accelerated approval.)[48] Two heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) inhibitors, retaspimycin and ganetespib, have demonstrated clinical activity in patients with ALK-rearranged NSCLC. HSP90 is a chaperone protein, and its inhibition leads to rapid degradation of EML4-ALK, resulting in tumor regression and cell death.[35,36]


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All Android applications categories
India's first and only wine and food pairing app for smartphones!
* Exclusive Indian Wine Database *
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plc program
Budget $15-25 USD / hour
need a programmer for allen bradley plc to control motor/pump process.
35 freelancers are bidding on average $23/hour for this job
I am an Electrical Engineer having specialization in Electronics and Control, teaching in Electrical Department at FAST National University Pakistan. I am also persuing my MS degree in Electrical Engineering with speci More
Dear friend. I am ready to perform this task. I have extensive knowledge of writing programs for PLC and SCADA. I have excellent knowledge of programming languages such as LD, ST, FBD. My company is the official repres More
Proposal Electronics, Wireless, Android Board Support Package Let me introduce myself, I am a freelance Senior Engineering Business Manager in Project, Research & Develop, from a Studio named LeoTheFreelancer. We h More
Hi, Proficient in TwinCAT/ CodeSys PLC programming – Automation and Controls A competent professional with over 14 years of experience in Embedded Systems Development, Process Automation and Machine Building, entaili More
Hi I am a PLC programmer ready to assist you. Please contact me to discuss.
Hi, I am a post graduate power electronics engineer and having very good experience in product design and development. I am excellent in embedded programming using pic and dspic controllers for Power projects, Boot lo More
Dir, Sir. I'm Arduino, c++ and LabVIEW expert. I would help you hardly. I have many experience about control processing, simulation and embedded software. if you hire me, your project will complete very successfull More
Dear Hiring Manager, First of all thanks for creating an opportunity. Hope you are doing well. I will not propose what the maximum Freelancer do. I dont believe in copy paste Cover letter. I read your project details, More
Dear Sir, My name is Ramy Sabry, I have over 12 years experience with Allen Bradley Automation for all Water/Waste Water services including (Water / Waste Water Treatment Station , District Cooling Plants , Pumping St More
I am an AUTOMATION Engineer working on more than 500 logics.
I have experience in PLC ladder logic along with field instrumentation. Please provide some details regarding your project so that some progress can be made.
I'M DEEPAK VYAS HAVING A DIPLOMA IN INDUSTRIAL AUTOMATION, DURING MY TRAINING I WORKED ON VARIOUS PLCs ALLEN BRADLEY SIEMENS MODICON


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R I P Shea Stadium. A very sad day.
Long live Shea Stadium.
We'll miss ya, Big Fella! Rest in Peace.
You'll live on forever in our hearts!
well said. there will never be another Shea.
I miss it already.The end of an era.Shea felt like home,CitiField already feels like Jeff Wilpon,(what a chilling idea!)
Shea is dead, long live Shea.
Thanks for the memories. So many of them....
Over the next few weeks WSBGM's will be breaking down each of the NL East teams' rosters. Last week we previewed the infield, with the Phils winning the poll by a large margin. Today we take a step backwards, to the outfield. Future installments include rotation and bullpen.
Link: http://pabaseball.blogspot.com/2009/02/nl-east-outfields.html
Give it a plug if you like it...thanks!
This is a bit off topic but aren't those spectators standing stupidly close to several tons of crashing concrete, debris, and memories?
im sad
we will always remember shea in our hearts
Google maps still shows Shea - pre Citifield construction. Street view has nice views of Shea too. Anyone know how we can get Google to archive these in some way?
That picture is so sad. Thanks for putting Shea updates on the deconstructions. This site was the best source.
Progress, for the most part is usually good. C'mon, you have to admit that that picture is sad. Although I've been a Yankee fan all of my life, my first game was seen at Shea in 1972(My father was and is a Met fan) I remember coming off of the #7(remember the blue arrows)and walking through that gate !!!! (More needs to be preserved)
Baseball fan for life,
"Rick. B"
I taught you said you would not post Shea's Slow Death....I'm glad you did. I have a house in Astoria and drive by the site once a week. The last few, the changes where unbelievable.I will keep an eye out for when the LOGE 13 sign goes up for auction and let you know. Got my Loge 10 sign 2 weeks ago and the wife still aint talkin to me.
it's interesting to see how the area inside the construction zone (inside the blue tarp) is getting smaller than it was when we were all out there a couple weeks ago.
When I saw this picture my first thought was to leave the ramps there as is, build around what Shea has become.
Then I got real sad, as dyhemet said, the completion of Citi is approaching as the plaza gets laid out and build. The parking lot will soon be enlarged by Shea's former imprint.
Gents, we need to move on, this picture convinced me , cause there will be nothing left in the next...to CitiField. As hard as this is.
Long Live Shea!
Each time I would see a picture of them taking Shea Stadium apart I would get an empty feeling in my stomach. It is very sad we have an owner that cares more about the Dodgers past than his own teams. This stadium could have been renovated if he really would have wanted it to have been. Maybe it is the stadiums way of getting back at him for Mr Wilpons major money loss. (just a thought) I bought a pair of blue seats that are displayed in my office. Shea Stadium forever!
I was out there (PSL) this morning. It was great seeing the fans and ballplayers once again. Took some pictures as well.
Hottest Fans of the NL East?
More Hardball wants to know who has the hottest fans in baseball. We'll be running a set of posts over the following weeks featuring images of each teams' hotties, with a voting poll to crown a champion. We've crowned champs of the AL East (BoSox), Central (ChiSox), West (Angels), and AL Wild Card (A's) already, and we're now moving on to the National League...NL East. Sticking true to Major League Baseball's roots, there will be an eight team playoff system where the winners of each division square off with the addition of a wild card team to determine who wins the pennant and represents each league in the World Series of Hotness.
Link: http://morehardball.blogspot.com/2009/02/hottest-fans-of-nl-east.html


text:
Create view yields mkview: Warning: Config spec OK, but unable to tell view server to load
Technote (troubleshooting)
Attempts to create an IBM Rational ClearCase view results in "cleartool: Warning: View server should be restarted ... ".
The full error message is as follows.
cleartool: Warning: Config spec OK, but unable to tell view server to load.
cleartool: Warning: View server should be restarted.
cleartool: Error: Set configuration spec of C:\Rational\ClearCase\default_config_spec
failed: no configuration specification set
cleartool: Error: Unable to create view "\\server\path\view-storage.vws".
cleartool: Warning: Config spec OK, but unable to tell view server to load.
cleartool: Warning: View server should be restarted.
cleartool: Error: Set configuration spec of C:\rational\ClearCase\default_config_spec
failed: view storage directory or control files unavailable --
additional information may be present in the view server host's view log
cleartool: Error: Unable to create view "\\server\path\view-storage.vws".
The view server log contains the following entry.
view_server.exe(1792): Error: Unable to get view object registry information for view uuid 6e002607.1d2f4707.9e7a.88:a7:0f:b8:61:94: ClearCase object not found
view_server.exe(1792): Warning: Temporary server starting for unusable view at '\\server\path\view-storage.vws'
These errors only show up when trying to create a remote view.
These two almost identical error messages have two different causes.
This error occurs, when you created the view on a Network Attached Storage Device (NAS) with a dedicated Microsoft Windows 2008 or Microsoft Windows 7 view server. Creating the view from the dedicated ClearCase view server itself is in order.
Enhanced caching capabilities of the Microsoft SMB2 protocol cause this problem. Applications might encounter delays or consistency issues with the default SMB2 cache values.
The client uses a different registry server than the dedicated view server. The error message from the view servers view log confirms.
Microsoft Windows client and Microsoft Windows view server
Diagnosing the problem
Steps to troubleshoot:
- Verify if you can create a local view.
- Verify if you can create the view with storage on the dedicated view server instead of on the NAS device.
If that works, cause 1 applies.
- Verify the content of the view servers ClearCase view log.
cleartool getlog -since yesterday -host <name of view server> view
- Verify if both machines in question use the same ClearCase registry server.
cleartool hostinfo -long <name of view server>
cleartool hostinfo -long <name of client>
Resolving the problem
Set the FileNotFoundCacheLifetime cache value on the view server to ZERO.
See the following Microsoft technet web page for information about the SMB2 Client Redirector Caches and instructions how you can alter the cache values.
(The cache values need to be changed on both the client and the view server).
SMB2 Client Redirector Caches Explained
Both the client and the view server must use the same ClearCase registry server and the same ClearCase region. Change the ClearCase configuration settings accordingly.
Document information
More support for:
Rational ClearCase
Software version: 7.0.1, 184.108.40.206, 220.127.116.11, 22.214.171.124, 18.104.22.168, 18.104.22.168, 22.214.171.124, 126.96.36.199, 22.214.171.124, 18.104.22.168, 184.108.40.206, 220.127.116.11, 184.108.40.206, 7.1, 126.96.36.199, 184.108.40.206, 7.1.1, 220.127.116.11, 188.8.131.52, 220.127.116.11, 220.127.116.11, 126.96.36.199, 18.104.22.168, 126.96.36.199, 188.8.131.52, 188.8.131.52, 7.1.2, 184.108.40.206, 184.108.40.206, 184.108.40.206, 126.96.36.199, 220.127.116.11, 22.214.171.124, 126.96.36.199, 220.127.116.11, 8.0, 220.127.116.11, 18.104.22.168, 220.127.116.11, 22.214.171.124
Operating system(s): Windows
Reference #: 1612305
Modified date: 28 May 2014
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text:
- Alfabet
- Flower bulb history
- Sector
- Flower bulb production
- Bulb flower production
- Landscaping information
- Trends
- Essay items
- Spring blooming bulbs
- Allium
- Anemone
- Camassia
- Chionodoxa
- Corydalis solida
- Crocus
- Eranthis
- Eremurus
- Erythronium
- Fritillaria
- Galanthus
- Hippeastrum
- Hyacinthoides
- Hyacinthus
- Ipheion uniflorum
- Iris
- Ixiolirion tataricum
- Leucojum
- Lilium candidum
- Muscari
- Narcissus
- Netaroscordum siculum
- Ornithogalum
- Oxalis adenophylla
- Puschkinia scilloides
- Scilla
- Triteleia laxa
- Tulipa
- Tulipa botanical
- Veltheimia
- Summer blooming bulbs
- Autumn blooming bulbs
- Photobooks
Crocus chrysanthus
Popular names: Snow crocus and Botanical crocus
Flower colour: yellow, white, purple, blue
Flowering period: February-March
Average plant height: 10 cm
Planting depth to base of bulb: 12.5 cm
Spacing between bulbs: 2.5 cm
Type of bulb: corm
Light requirements: full sun to partial shade
Landscape uses: borders, rock gardens, in lawns, under shrubs and trees, and for indoor forcing
This crocus, which grows wild in such places as Greece, has smaller corms and also produces smaller flowers. Their flowers, however, appear in greater numbers than those of the familiar 'Dutch crocuses'. Many cultivars have bicoloured petals and a striking yellow centre. This species is available in a very wide assortment.
Most significant varieties:
'Ard Schenk': white
'Cream Beauty': creamy yellow
'Blue Bird': tender blue outside, cream inside
'Blue Pearl': bright blue outside, white inside
'Dorothy': light yellow, purple feathers
'E.A. Bowles': golden yellow
'Fuscotinctus': bronze, violet-striped
'Goldilocks': deep yellow, purple-brown centre
'Gypsy Girl': dark yellow, purple striped
'Ladykiller': blue-violet with white veins outside, yellow inside
'Prince Claus': blue with white
'Romance': lemon yellow inside, bluish-grey outside
'Saturnus': golden-yellow, brownish-purple striped with light blue and darker accents
'Snowbunting': pure white inside, purple-violet veined outside, orange base


text:
NS-CAPE-BRETON-L ArchivesArchiver > NS-CAPE-BRETON > 2009-01 > 1233029305
From: (Carol MacLean)
Subject: [NS-CB] Cape Breton Deaths January 27, 2009 Tuesday
Date: Mon, 26 Jan 2009 20:11:10 -0800
Cape Breton Deaths January 27, 2009
Catherine (Cathy) O'Handley 44, Bras d'Or - It is with heavy hearts that
we announce the passing of Cathy O'Handley, a resident of Bras d'Or and
formerly of North Sydney, on Saturday, Jan. 24, 2009, at the Cape Breton
Regional Hospital, following a courageous battle with breast cancer. Cathy
was the loving daughter of James and Anna (Pickles) O'Handley of North
Sydney. Cathy was a faithful employee at Picture Perfect on King Street in
North Sydney, for 10 years, and later worked with Goldsils Jewelers in the
North Sydney Mall, until her illness forced an early retirement. Cathy was
a member of St. Joseph Church, Bras d'Or, and was a proud member of the
Cape Breastoners Dragon Boat team. She will be fondly remembered for her
quiet manner and friendly smile. She is survived by her life long partner
(husband), Wendell Stubbert; and her precious daughter, Olivia Paige; her
parents, Jimmy and Anna O'Handley, North Sydney; her brothers, Jimmy,
Calgary, John, Toronto, Donnie (Tammy), Coxheath; her sister, Judy (Eric)
Carey, Bras d'Or; her father and mother-in-law, Ross and Sally Stubbert,
Bras d'Or; sisters-in-law, Catherine Stubbert (Kevin), Evelyn MacDermid
(David); brothers-in-law, Ross (Rhonda) Stubbert, Todd (Tammy) Stubbert;
and her nieces and nephews, Chesley, Noah, Andrina, Katelyn, Will, Hannah,
John, Crystal, Catherine, Matthew. She was predeceased by her paternal
grandparents, John and Catherine O'Handley, her maternal grandparents, Bob
and Olive Pickles, and her uncle, A.J. O'Handley. The family would like to
take this opportunity to send special thanks to Dr. John Kirkpatrick along
with the doctors, nurses and staff of the Cape Breton Cancer Centre and the
Palliative Care unit of the regional hospital for the care and attention
given to Cathy over the course of her illness. Visitation for Cathy will be
held Tuesday, 7-9 p.m. and Wednesday 2-4 and 7-9 p.m. in the W.J. Dooley
Funeral Home, 107 Pleasant St., North Sydney. Funeral mass will take place
Thursday, 10:30 a.m. from St. Joseph Church, Bras d'Or with Rev. Peter
McLeod officiating. Burial to take place in St. Joseph Cemetery, Bras d'Or.
Memorial donations may be made to the Cape Breton Regional Cancer Centre,
or the Canadian Cancer Society. Online condolences may be sent to
Frances Jamsek Povh Feb. 25, 1918-Dec. 14, 2008 - We remember with joy the
long and well-lived life of Frances Jamsek Povh, formerly of 33 Ryan St.,
Scotchtown. She went to be with the Lord on Sunday, Dec. 14, 2008, after a
sudden but brief illness. She was born in Radece, Slovenia, Feb. 25, 1918,
and moved at the age of three with her family to France, where she lived
for seven years. Frances came to Canada with her mother Mary, older sister
Mary and younger sisters Pauline and Annie in 1928, arriving at Pier 21 in
Halifax on the Red Star Liner Pennland, where the family met up with their
father (and husband) Frank Jamsek, who had come to Canada earlier to set up
residence for his family. Settling in New Waterford, N.S., Frances married
Frank Povh, also born in Slovenia. Together, Frances and Frank raised three
devoted daughters and followed them to Ontario in 1988, where Frank died in
1991. Blessed with good health and an active mind, she was able to live
independently until the very end, and touched the lives of many. Frances
developed acute pancreatitis on the morning of Dec. 11 and was admitted to
Joseph Brant Hospital in Burlington. Her condition deteriorated and she
died Dec. 14. Visitation was held at Smith's Funeral Home on Guelph Line,
Burlington, with the funeral Dec. 17 at St. Paul the Apostle Roman Catholic
Church, Burlington. Frances is survived by her loving daughters, Emily,
Susan and Janet; treasured son-in-law, Stephen Cheesman; beloved
grandchildren, Chris, Kent and Nicole; dear sister, Pauline Feit and
several nephews and nieces. She was predeceased by her parents, Frank and
Mary, her husband, Frank and her sisters, Mary and Annie. Those wishing to
reach the family are invited to contact her daughter, Susan Povh, 1978 Four
Seasons Dr., Burlington, Ont., L7P 2Y1, 905-336-1160.
William Bernard 'Buddy' Bryden 66, Reserve Mines - William 'Buddy' Bryden
of 113 Centreville Rd., Reserve Mines, formerly of McKay's Corner, passed
away peacefully at the Cape Breton Regional Hospital surrounded by his
loving family on Jan. 26, 2009. Born in Glace Bay, Buddy was the youngest
son of the late Thomas and Lillian (McLeod) Bryden. He was a member of St.
Joseph's parish, Reserve Mines. Buddy was employed in the dry cleaning
business in both Glace Bay and Sydney for several years. He was a very easy
going man and was ready and eager to lend a hand to anyone. Buddy's
favourite pastime was spending time with his family and friends, fixing
things around the house and his special drives with his dog 'Kali' and
listening to country music. Buddy is survived by his wife and best friend
of 43 years, Dolly (McMullin); daughters, Bernadette (Johnathan),
Coldbrook, N.S., Ellen (Stevie), Reserve Mines; son, Michael 'Buddy Jr.'
(Paula), River Ryan; his granddaughters, Jennifer and Nicole Poirier,
Marissa Bryden, Ashley Donovan, April Dawn Snow, Victoria, Ariel, who were
his pride and joy. Buddy was 'Poppy' to his special sister-in-law, Paula,
whom he cared for at home. Also surviving are sisters, Norma (Sonny)
Morrison, Glace Bay, and Bessie Deboer, Grand Cache, Alta.; many sisters
and brother-in-laws, nieces and nephews. Besides his parents, he was
predeceased by sisters, Dorothy, Margaret K., Margaret, brothers, Joseph,
James, Gerald, Basil, Angus, Leo, Lawrence, Michael and Melvin, mother and
father-in-law, Margaret and Michael McMullin. Visitation will be held
Wednesday from 2-4 and 7-9 p.m. in V.J. McGillivray Funeral Home, 16
Reserve St., Glace Bay. A funeral mass will be celebrated 11 a.m. Thursday
at St. Joseph's Church, Reserve Mines, with Fr. Gerald Campbell
officiating. A reception will be held in the parish hall. Cremation will
follow with interment in the parish cemetery at a later date.
As an expression of sympathy for Buddy, donations in his memory may be made
to the Children's Wish Foundation, Palliative Care or the Nova Scotia Lung
Association. Online condolences to the Bryden family are available through
William E. 'Bill' McLean 56, Westmount - It is with great sadness that we
announce the death of Bill McLean of Westmount on Jan. 23, 2009, after a
brief illness. Bill was employed for 32 years with the Department of
He was a member of Holy Rosary parish and the Royal Canadian Legion, Branch
126. Bill loved to play darts and was an avid sport fisherman. Bill will be
dearly missed by his daughter, Verna, a student at University of New
Brunswick, of whom he was extremely proud; and by his sisters, Joan and
Betty, brothers, Eddy, Jimmy and Victor, all of Toronto; and special
family, Stella and Barry Reid, Westmount; numerous nieces, nephews and
friends. Bill was predeceased by his wife and love of his life, Claudette
(Poirier) McLean, a son, Joseph in infancy, parents, Vida and Albert and
sister, Linda McLean. There will be no visitation as cremation has taken
place. The funeral mass for Bill will be held Thursday, Jan. 29, 2009, at
11 a.m. at Holy Rosary Church in Westmount with Fr. Douglas Murphy
officiating. Interment in the parish cemetery. A luncheon reception will
follow at Westside Legion. In lieu of flowers, donations would be greatly
appreciated for Verna's university fund. "Dad. I didn't know your pain but
I know that you suffer no more and that you and mom and Joseph are together
again. Tell mom that I am doing fine and that I love and miss you all
dearly everyday. Love Verna."
Sarah Ann Whitney Halifax/Glace Bay - Sarah Ann Whitney passed away
peacefully at Northwood Centre, Halifax, on Sunday, Jan. 25, 2009. Born
in Glace Bay, she lived there most of her life. She was the daughter of the
late Angus and Mary E. MacPherson. She was predeceased by her husband,
Ralph and only son, Gordon, her sisters, Greg, Effie and brother, Charles.
She was an active member of Newsome United Church and the UCW for many
years. Gardening, bowling and skating were favourite activities of hers.
Surviving are her daughters, Sharon, Elizabeth, Anne as well as six
grandchildren; one great-grandchild; one great great grandchild; as well as
one brother, Allan and one sister, Margaret. Our heartfelt thanks to the
caregivers of 1C Northwood for their care of her during the 3.5 years she
lived there. Cremation has taken place. Burial will be at a later date in
Greenwood Cemetery, Glace Bay. Donations in her memory may be made to the
Nova Scotia SPCA (Cape Breton Branch) or charity of choice.
Glen A. Mills 47, New Harris, Cape Breton/Brooksville, Fla. - Glen passed
away on Jan. 12, 2009, in Florida. He was the son of Hiram 'Hi' and Alma
He is survived by his wife, Jo-Ann (Patterson) and his two sons, Gordon
Joseph and Ian Norman. Also surviving are three sisters, Carol, Marion and
Terry, all of Florida. Funeral services were held in Florida.
Cape Breton Deaths courtesy of CBGHA http://www.cbgha.org
This thread:
|[NS-CB] Cape Breton Deaths January 27, 2009 Tuesday by (Carol MacLean)


text:
Local Circus Comes To Barre Opera House
10/04/12 4:50PM By Neal Charnoff
| Download MP3
Circus lovers of all ages can head to the Barre Opera House this Saturday for some locally grown excitement.
"Ruckus-A Cirque Spectacular", combines traditional circus elements like trapeze artistry and juggling with music, dance and theater.
It's the latest production from Nimble Arts, a performance company run by twin aerialists Elsie Smith and Serenity Smith Forchion.
The sisters also founded the New England Center For Circus Arts, a circus school based in Brattleboro.
Serenity Smith Forchion discusses this weekend's show.


text: CHARLOTTE, N.C. (AP) ¿ Specialty insurer and reinsurer Max Capital Group Ltd. on Tuesday posted a better-than-expected first-quarter profit, helped by strong performance of its underwriting businesses in Bermuda, Dublin, the U.S. and Lloyd's. Net income at the Bermuda-based company rose almost six times to $44.5 million, or 78 cents per share, from $7.7 million, or 13 cents per share, in the year-earlier period. Max Capital said its operating income rose almost sevenfold to $41.7 million, or 73 cents per share. Operating income, which insurers emphasize because they say it better represents the health of an underwriter's business, excludes investment gains and losses. Analysts polled by Thomson Reuters, on average, forecast earnings of 65 cents per share for the quarter. Gross premiums written by Max Capital rose 42 percent to $434.3 million, with net premiums written increasing 34 percent from the year-earlier period to $269.9 million. The increase in gross premiums written reflects, in part, the company's Max at Lloyd's segment and modest growth in each of the company's other property and casualty segments, Max Capital said in a statement. Shares of Max Capital rose 39 cents, or 2.3 percent, to $17.38 in morning trading.


text:
Reading for Comprehension: Drawing Conclusions
This drawing conclusions worksheet guides your third grader through reading comprehension. Understanding what you read is one thing, but what if an author doesn't tell you everything you need to know? Using story details to draw conclusions is an important part of comprehension, and helps hone critical thinking skills. Help your third grader practice this skill by completing five brief stories with a logical ending. For more practice, check out our other drawing conclusions worksheets.
© Learning Horizons Inc. All rights reserved.


text:
Read the full story here Web Link posted Tuesday, June 12, 2012, 1:34 PM
Town Square
Trash cans set ablaze at Eagle Park
Original post made on Jun 12, 2012
Read the full story here Web Link posted Tuesday, June 12, 2012, 1:34 PM
Comments (3)
a resident of Rex Manor
on Jun 12, 2012 at 2:01 pm
Oh, the humanity!
That's some textbook teenage boy stuff right there.
a resident of Shoreline West
on Jun 12, 2012 at 2:58 pm
"white male, about 14 years old, with shoulder-length blond hair"
anyone who spends time in this area knows there is only ONE kid who fits this description and he is always just hanging out in the area.
a resident of Cuesta Park
on Jun 12, 2012 at 8:31 pm
It takes a monumental lack of imagination to be entertained by a burning trash can. Another argument in favor of mandatory summer school.
Don't miss out on the discussion!
Sign up to be notified of new comments on this topic.
Chocolate + Tahini Ice Box Pie
By Laura Stec | 0 comments | 984 views
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Submit News
Military Contractors Take a Step Forward Towards Autonomous Killer Robot Swarm
Jason Mick
March 5, 2013 4:10 PM
Recipient E-mail
Sender E-mail
Some top researchers say removing humans from the killing loop is a good idea
Is an age of autonomous
killing machines
dawning? Some experts think so, and cheer that direction.
I. Killing Me Softly
Professor Ronald Arkin
of the
Georgia Institute of Technology
argues killer robots are good news for mankind. He comments to
BBC News
, "Everyone raises their arms and says, 'Oh, evil robots, oh, killer robots', [but] we have killer soldiers out there. Atrocities continue and they have continued since the beginning of warfare."
"We need to put technology to use to address the issues of reducing non-combatant casualties in the battle-space. [Via] the judicious application of ethical robotic systems can indeed accomplish that, if we are foolish enough as a nation, as a world, to persist in warfare."
Professor Ronald Arkin
The professor argues that by incorporating an "ethics switch" robots could autonomously kill, while respecting their masters and rules of combat. He explains his philosophy in his book "
Governing Lethal Behavior in Autonomous Robots
Over 76 countries -- besides the U.S. -- are developing semi-autonomous armed robots, according to the U.S. Nations with drone programs include hostile states,
such as Iran
. Those nations are working to develop strike drones similar to those that the U.S.
uses to kill its citizens
when it
believes they have become terrorists
II. Meet the Swarm
But today's drones may be far less deadly than those of tomorrow. Large and typically travelling alone, today's drones are deadly, but conspicuous. By contrast, roboticists
tomorrow's robotic attackers being smaller armed drones that attack as a swarm, neutralizing their fleshy rivals with deadly precision.
Defense contractor BAE Systems plc (
), a top weapons dealer to the U.S. and UK governments, is already working on a precursor to such a system. Collaborating with Professor Arkin's peer,
Professor Henrik Christensen
, they're making small cake-stand shaped bots endowed with swarm behavior.
One of the swarm robots by BAE and Georgia Tech [Image Source: BBC News]
The current plan is to have the robots map out a battlefield. Describes Professor Christensen, "These robots will basically spread out. They'll go through the environment and map out what it looks like, so that by the time you have humans entering the building you have a lot of intelligence about what's happening there."
But the robots could eventually be made armed and autonomous -- as Professor Arkin is hoping -- to form a deadly fighting force.
III. Ban Killer Robots?
At the
Brookings Institution
in Washington, D.C. future warfare expert
Peter W. Singer
says that robots will be the next major step in the evolution of warfare. He comments, "Every so often in history, you get a technology that comes along that's a game changer. They're things like gunpowder, they're things like the machine gun, the atomic bomb, the computer… and robotics is one of those."
Some -- like
Jody Williams
, a Nobel Prize-winning activist against anti-personnel landmines -- have turned their attention to pushing for a
global ban on autonomous killing machines
Indeed, recent military reports discuss the alarming science fiction scenario of
robotic soldiers "going rogue"
potentially occurring in real life, given the increasing robotization.
The U.S. military is worried about autonomous killer robots "going rogue".
[Image Source: TriStar Pictures]
But as nations like Iran race to develop new and more deadly robots of their own, and the U.S. yearns to continue to exert its hegemony worldwide, such pacifistic viewpoints may fall on deaf ears in Congress, and in other governing bodies worldwide. It appears less a question of whether autonomous killing robots will eventually arrive and more of a question of whether mankind will be able to keep his deadly machines under control.
"Intel is investing heavily (think gazillions of dollars and bazillions of engineering man hours) in resources to create an Intel host controllers spec in order to speed time to market of the USB 3.0 technology." -- Intel blogger Nick Knupffer
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text:
I haven't used mineral powder foundation for quite a few years because my skin. I used to be in love with it, specifically bareMinerals, but as I get busier with life I prefer liquid products that are quick to apply and last longer through a hectic day. However, powder foundation formulations have come a long way since I stopped using them and I wanted to revisit them to see how well they do now. Plus, gone are the days of just 2 or 3 mineral makeup brands because now there is such a competitive market for them. Today I'm sharing my review of the mineral powder foundation from Scout Cosmetics, an Australian beauty brand that makes luxury cruelty-free, vegan cosmetics.
My Review
- The foundation is packaged in the expected hard plastic jar that you will find most loose powder products come in. The black lid screws off to reveal a plastic tub with sifting holes that are plugged with a little cap. I love this because most loose powders just have a little sticker over the holes which you peel off for the first use and discard, but this plastic cap means you can pop it back into the holes should you be travelling with it. I'm not sure if that was an intended use but it sure is what I'm using it for.
- Once you've sifted a small amount of powder into the plastic tub there is heaps of room to swirl your brush in. If you've never used a mineral powder foundation you should be aware that you swirl the brush in the powder to heat it up and make it stick to the brush fibers, you then apply the powder using small swirling motions (also known as "buffing") over the skin. Having a large area to do that initially part of getting the powder on the brush is quite important in my opinion, because otherwise the powder can go everywhere and you end up with more powder on your clothes/your floor/your bench than on your face.
- Scout recommend using the foundation with their own Vegan Kabuki Brush but you could use any kabuki brush you like. I did use it with the Scout one and oh my lord, it's one of the best performing kabuki's I've ever tried. I could probably do a whole review on just the brush so to keep it brief, this brush did make a difference to the application in my opinion. It's fluffy, super soft and deposits the product evenly.
- Initially I thought the product wasn't building coverage for me but after one full face application I could see my complexion was more even. After a second full face application with a little extra buffing on my T-zone (aka my problem areas!) I reached the ideal level of coverage for my skin at the time – even skintone, majority of blemishes masked, under eye dark circles less severe and a semi-matte, healthy glow.
- I found it strange that this powder didn't irritate my dry, flaky patches around my nose because that is one of the reasons I stopped using powder foundation in the first place. This foundation just buffed straight over it and because the brush was so soft it didn't cause irritation from the repetitive physical movement.
- Applying a powder foundation still takes longer than a liquid in my opinion, but having to only do two layers meant it took me only about 5 minutes to achieve the finish I wanted. I would use this in the morning when I haven't overslept but I would still stick to a BB cream or something I can smear on with my hands for the times I'm in a rush.
- When looking in a magnified mirror, I didn't see a difference between the first layer and the second layer of foundation. I did test up to 4 layers of the product and it still didn't look cakey. This means that you build a lighter or heavier coverage, depending on your desired outcome.
- All trials were undertaken without the use of primer so it was great to see that the powder didn't settle in my pores or exaggerate imperfections in my skin texture.
- There are 10 shades to choose from, which is quite large for a powder foundation range. I'm wearing shade Bisque – which I think looks ideal because it takes a lot of the yellow out of my skin but I probably could go with a shade slightly darker during summer.
- It doesn't matter much to me that this product contains SPF15 because I wear a dedicated sunscreen everyday with a minimum SPF30. SPF15 is too little coverage for me and I rather be 100% sure my skin is protected.
- Wear time was around 6 hours in cooler weather. I have no warm weather to account for but I found 6 hours to be great for a powder foundation. I used to only get 2-3 before I would need to top it up.
What Scout Cosmetics say ….
A concealer foundation and finishing powder all in one.
This is a beautiful light textured powder and is incredibly easy to apply with our vegan kabuki brush. It provides an excellent overall coverage. It imparts a healthy natural light to the skin. No added fillers bismuth oxychloride talc or clay.
TIP: The secret to Minerals is in the application. Apply Mineral Foundation Powder by buffing onto the skin in small circular motions. Layering will give you the desired cover.
Stockist Details
Australia $59.95 from Scout Cosmetics
USA & UK – International shipping available from Scout Cosmetics
Which foundation are you currently using? Have you tried a mineral powder foundation? Let me know by commenting below!
Animal Cruelty Policy
Scout Cosmetics are certified cruelty-free and vegan by CCF.
Mica (CI 77019) Zinc Oxide (CI 77947) may contain (+/-) Titanium Dioxide (CI 77891) Iron Oxides (CI 77491 CI 77492 CI 77499) Ultramarines (CI 77007)


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The Yellow Fever Vaccine market provides detailed market segment level data on the international market. The Yellow Fever Vaccine market report addresses forecast and growth patterns by company, regions and type or application from 2016 to 2021.
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text:
Hase hüpf (1 item)
Welcome back! Whilst you were away we added the functionality to view auctions and bid in pounds.
Hase hüpf: Information on the Catawiki site about Hase hüpf, 1990.
At its heart, Catawiki is an online catalogue with images of, and information on, collectibles. Our catalogue is compiled by users in a similar way to Wikipedia.


text:
Father: Abel Abraham Griffith b: ABT 1781 in Mossy Creek, Augusta, Virginia
Mother: Zelpha Brewster b: ABT 1782 in Washington, Virginia
Marriage 1 Elizabeth Griffith b: ABT 1810 in Tazewell, Virginia
Marriage 2 Nancy Sparks b: ABT 1834 in Lawrence, Kentucky
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text:
I had liposuction with Dr. Hughes and now I am having breast augmentation. I like the results on his website, because they are natural for the most part. I know some women want them exaggerated, but I do not. He made me feel comfortable that he could do a great job. I have my surgery in a few weeks. I have a little more healing from my liposuction.
Had Liposuction and Now Breast Augmentation - Los Angeles, CA
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Was this review helpful? {{ voteCountOthers + ' other' + (voteCountOthers == 1 ? '' : 's') }} found this helpful


text: I need one of these drives for the circuit board on the back. Post your offers, best offer gets the sale. Or if you have a dead one that clicks, that works too. I only need the circuit board, I fried the board on mine, and I really want to get my data off of this hard disk. Its been trapped there for years. I took one off a Maxtor 40GB HDD that matches the Quantum, and it spins up perfectly. So its just the circuit board. Please help! ^____^


text:
- 2 tablespoons extra-virgin olive oil
- 6 whole chicken legs (4 pounds)
- Salt and freshly ground pepper
- 1 pound mixed wild mushrooms, such as chanterelle and oyster mushrooms, thickly sliced
- 2 leeks, white and tender green parts only, thinly sliced into rings
- 1/2 cup dry white wine
- 1/2 teaspoon sweet smoked paprika
- 1 rosemary sprig
- 1/2 cup chicken stock or low-sodium broth
- Buttered noodles or mashed potatoes, for serving
Preheat the oven to 425°. In a large roasting pan, heat the olive oil over moderately high heat until shimmering. Season the chicken legs with salt and pepper. Add them to the roasting pan, skin side up, and cook over moderate heat until golden on the bottom, about 5 minutes. Transfer the chicken to a platter. Add the mushrooms and leeks to the pan and cook until just beginning to soften, about 1 minute. Add the wine, paprika and rosemary. Return the chicken legs to the pan, skin side up, and roast in the oven for 45 minutes, or until the chicken is cooked through.
Preheat the broiler. Broil the chicken 10 inches from the heat until the skin is deep golden brown and crisp, about 8 minutes. Transfer the chicken legs to a large platter and spoon the mushrooms and leeks all around.
Set the roasting pan over high heat. Add the stock and bring to a boil, scraping up the browned bits stuck to the bottom and side of the pan. Spoon the pan juices around the chicken and serve with buttered noodles or mashed potatoes.


text:
Lindsay Lohan Adds More Jewelry To Her Legs (PHOTOS)
Lindsay Lohan knows just how to deter your attention from her gaudy SCRAM bracelet, you guys. With more jewelry, strategically placed on her upper leg in a somewhat scandalous location that's bound to make you wonder, what SCRAM bracelet? Right? We'd actually like to throw her our thumbs on this one.
Click through the gallery to see LiLo pull out all the stops. And for more fantastical fashion, check out our coverage at Fashion FAILs & FTWs.