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Hi guys
I am new to starting a online shop up, but am going to be buying a theme off here soon for it.
And just wanted to see if there is anything I need to look for when buying a hosting package?
Any advice and help will be greatly appreciated.
Hello i can give you premium hosting for free 1 month i am reseller that's why
Hi carlhalesdavies,
It depends on how many products that you sell and the traffics on your online shop. You can start using any shared hosting package. Once you increase the number of your products or the traffic of your website is high, you can upgrade your hosting package. And if it is success and get bigger, you can start using VPS hosting package. Bigger and bigger, then it is time to use dedicated server.
Sorry I am not asking for hosting anywhere. I just would like to know what I need to run a shop. From there I can then look around and see where to get my hosting
Thanks agusmu
Thats really helps.
I will probably only be uploading a few hundred products. But may double eventually.
How will I know when I need to upgrade? Will my site start becoming really slow? or something?
also how can I tell how much traffic is gong to my website?
Is there a plugin for this? or should i just use google analytics?
Yes if your hosting has cPanel installed you can check from there, i think it's called Awmstats(something along this) and it shows unique views, hits, where traffic is coming from etc..
When talking about hosting, it is all about server resource usage, For example, when using Cpanel-based shared hosting, you can see CPU usage in your control panel. Every shared hosting has different limit for CPU usage, your website will be suspended if it reach the limit, and usually your hosting will give you some notification with some options. Some of shared hosting also give you a limit to the disk space and bandwidth.
High traffics also increase the server resource usage especially when you use dynamic website using PHP. Google Analytic is enough, but you can always try to use other tracking stat, for example HiStats, Jetpack Stat, etc.
Then, you can also start optimizing your website using some caching plugin (for wordpress there are W3 Total Cache and Super Cache) to reduce the server resource usage.
Thanks jozevodinar
Thanks agusmu. In honesty what you are saying is going over my head a little. So I am going to have a sit down and try to read your posts thoroughly when I have a bit more time, later tonight or tomorrow morning.
Are there any articles I should take a look at that will give me more information about what you are saying?
Again really appreciate this help, and I look forward to learning more about it
For a Ecommerce site there are a ton of different factors that you'll want to know
What platform are you using? Magento, WordPress, OpenCart etc?
How many products do you plan on selling? a handful? hundreds of thousands?
Whats your projected market? aka how much traffic are you expecting?
A quality ecommerce site takes a lot more "server" than other sites theres a couple users here who specialty is ecommerce and have a list of recommended hosting ( GravityDept ) is one and he'll probably chime in sometime…
Shared hosting generally doesn't cut it for ecommerce theres normally not enough resources, although I believe there are a few hosts that have shared for specific
Get something thats scalable where you can start small and move big as needed


text: New Uses for Shoes Facebook Pinterest Twitter Print Mail Save Left Arrow Right Arrow Photo by John Lawton; Styling: Linden Elstran Left Arrow Right Arrow 3 of 32 Grid View See All Sandpaper as Sole Scuffer Fall for new shoes, not in them. Rub medium-grit sandpaper over the bottoms to give slippery soles some traction. Start

subset: commoncrawl


text:
The tips will work for both iPads and Android tablets—Kerry mentioned apps for both, and the course has videos for both. Now I can't wait to check out the rest of the video courses and
chat about apps on the workshop message board.
Click here to see
the course lineup and other features for our Maximize
Your iPad (or Tablet) for Genealogy one-week workshop.
Click here to read Ancestry.com's
blog post on the discontinuation of these services.
You even can use
* as a
wildcard with some search engines: Put it at the end of a truncated word to find related words (such as Thos* to find
Thoss, Thossen or Those). But on Google, *
stands in for a whole word.
The three-page draft has 21 guidelines intended for use when
purchasing, recommending, sharing results of, and writing about the results of
DNA testing for genealogy. They address topics such as:


text:
Andover Musicians and Musical Groups - One Step Away
From Andover Answers
- Taking Steps to Their Dream; Local Alternative Rockers Win Boston Battle of the Bands.(portrait) Andover Townsman, October 23, 2008, page 7.
- Andover Bank Rocks haverhill. One Step Away Wins Rock Battle.(portrait) Andover Townsman, September 3, 2009, page 19.
- One Step Away Wins Again.(portrait) Andover Townsman, September 15,2011, page 6.
back to Main Page


text:
Clyde & Co has promoted a record number of associates to its partnership with ten making the grade this year.
That is an increase of one on last year's record number of nine. London gained the highest number of this year's new partners at six, all of whom do international work. For example, new insurance partners Garrett Moore and Elizabeth Leonhardt are based in the City but focus on Tokyo and Latin America respectively.
The firm continued with its focus on the aviation practice and made up two partners in this area – Rio de Janeiro-based Sarah Catchpole and Simon Potter in London.
Eric Moon joins the partnership in San Francisco and focuses on professional liability insurance.
A further two partners have been promoted in the Middle East – dispute resolution lawyer Glenn O' Brien and corporate lawyer Ben Gillespie.
Earlier this month Clydes announced that it is moving into Riyadh after forming an alliance with Islamic finance specialist Abdulaziz Al Bosaily (6 April).
This year's promotions in full are:
Sarah Catchpole, aviation, Rio de Janerio
Ben Gillespie , corporate, Middle East
Deug Rong Lee, marine and international transportation, London
Elizabeth Leonhardt ,insurance, London
Eric Moon, professional liability Insurance, San Francisco
Garrett Moore, insurance, London
Glenn O'Brien, dispute resolution, Middle East
Simon Potter, aviation, London
Oleg Shvander, trade and energy, London
Elizabeth Turnbull, shipping, London


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Is anyone else waiting to hear what primary school their child has got into?(689 Posts)
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Date of Original Version
Technical Report
Abstract or Description
Use of capability maturity models has become commonplace among software development organizations, especially defense contractors. Government program offices, however, have lagged behind contractors in implementing their own process improvement programs. The difference in relative maturity between program offices and contractors sometimes makes it difficult for program offices to adequately gauge the state of their programs. In 2004, the Office of the Secretary of Defense announced the creation of the CMMI Acquisition Module (CMMI-AM). The module aids program offices in developing a level of parity with their suppliers in terms of process maturity.
The first step in any process improvement endeavor is to determine the baseline state. A program office can undergo an external appraisal, but generally that is not a cost-effective solution for an organization that is still a novice in process improvement. For organizations with little process improvement experience, a better choice is to begin with a self-assessment.
This guide provides program managers with general information about the CMMI-AM, details about the self-assessment technique, and the questions used in a self-assessment. After reading this guide, program managers can evaluate whether a self-assessment fits their needs, and if so, conduct one.
CMU/SEI-2005-TN-004 Since its initial release, this report has been revised to reflect information contained in the CMMI-AM, Version 1.1. This revision was released on August 1, 2005.


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08 August 2012
After being one of the busiest teams during this offseason, the Suns roster heading into next year is pretty much set. Phoenix will more than likely have a starting five of Goran Dragic, Shannon Brown, Michael Beasley, Luis Scola and Marcin Gortat with some quality talent coming off the bench for Alvin Gentry.
The only real remaining hole on the current roster is the backup center position after the trade of Robin Lopez to New Orleans a few weeks back. Channing Frye has experience playing the five, but there is no guarantee that he will be ready for the start of the season after having offseason shoulder surgery. Scola could spell Gortat as well, but he is best suited to play the four.
The Suns front office will more than likely look to address that situation with the start of training camp not too far away. Here is a list of my top five options who I believe the Suns should look at for the backup center spot.
Mehmet Okur: This Turkey native has always been a guy who I thought would fit perfectly for the Suns. A former Western Conference All-star, Okur has length, can rebound and has great range on his jumper for a seven-footer. He is a career 46 percent shooter from the field, including 37.5 percent shooter from behind the arc. Only problem with the big man is he has had to deal with injuries for two straight seasons now. He ruptured his Achilles tendon during a game in April 2010 and really hasn't been the same since. He has only played in 30 games over the course of the past two seasons with the Jazz and Nets. At 33 years old, Okur's best seasons are behind him, but he can still be a quality guy to have coming off your bench at this stage of his career.
Greg Oden: Some of you reading this probably think I am crazy, but hear me out for just a second. It is well documented how many games that Oden has missed since entering the league out of Ohio State in 2007. The former first overall pick has missed every game over the past two seasons and only played 21 games with Portland during the 2009-2010 season. If any training staff can turn around Oden's career though, it is definitely that of the Suns. Long known as the best training staff in basketball and possibily in all of sports, Aaron Nelson and company kept guys like Grant Hill and Steve Nash at the top of their games well into their late 30's and helped give Shaquille O'Neal some life at the end of his career. An incentive based deal to Oden would be a low risk, high reward situation for the Suns in my view.
Jermaine O'Neal: Yet another guy on this list who has had to deal with injury issues over the course of his career. For a stretch, there weren't too many big men better than JON, but knee injuries have taken over his career and have turned him into a reserve player. O'Neal only played 49 games the last two seasons with Boston and set career lows in pretty much every category due to a big decline in minutes. Despite being 34 heading into next season, the former first round pick can still help you on the glass and blocking shots. Averaging just under 23 minutes per game last season with the Celtics, O'Neal still managed to average 1.7 blocks per contest. He might be leaning towards retirement right now though.
Kyrylo Fesenko: He is definitely the least known name on this list, but he might have the most upside. From Ukraine, the 25-year-old has never averaged more than nine minutes a game over his five-year career since coming into the league back in 2007. Despite his limited playing time, this quote from John Hollinger got me pretty excited for the possibility of Fesenko being a Sun. "The best-kept secret in the NBA right now is Fesenko's monstrous defensive stats. It's not that one or two metrics point out his defensive value; it's that all of them do, without any pointing to the contrary." A defensive presence is something that the Suns desperately need on their roster, so adding Fesenko would make a lot of sense.
Chris Andersen: Once a huge fan favorite and one of the better defensive big men coming off the bench in the league, Andersen has fallen out of favor in George Karl's rotation as Denver has added lots of younger options over the last couple seasons. That doesn't mean Andersen can't play anymore though. He can be a good defender where he can rebound and block shots. Even in limited action, Birdman as fans call him still averaged 4.6 boards and 1.4 blocks while averaging only 15 minutes per contest last season with the Nuggets. At the very least, he would bring an interesting personality to the fold for the Suns with all his tattoos and crazy hair
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text:
Title: Art Algorithms
In this Science Update, from Science NetLinks, you'll hear about new methods of art conservation. Art conservation is traditionally a painstaking and time-consuming business. But the process of fixing up a damaged da Vinci or a scarred Seurat may become a lot easier, thanks to the work of mathematicians. Science Updates are audio interviews with scientists and are accompanied by a set of questions as well as links to related Science NetLinks lessons and other related resources.
Standard(s): [MA2015] MI1 (9-12) 9: Analyze works of visual art and architecture for mathematical relationships. (Alabama)
Title: Graph Creator
This Illuminations resource is a java applet that allows students to draw and manipulate graphs. This interactive math activity is available both online and in downloadable format.
Standard(s): [MA2015] MI1 (9-12) 8: Solve problems from non-Euclidean geometry, including graph theory, networks, topology, and fractals. (Alabama)
Title: Tower of Hanoi
This student interactive, from Illuminations, presents a tower of from three to 20 disks, initially stacked in increasing size on one of three pegs. The goal is to move all the discs from the left peg to the right one using the smallest number of moves possible.
Standard(s): [MA2015] DM1 (9-12) 12: Use combinatorial reasoning and counting techniques to solve application-based problems. (Alabama)


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Derry no-kill shelter to mark 30 years with dinner at club
Kathy Newill still remembers the cries of an abandoned kitten in a trash bin behind a restaurant, the sound that led to 10 years of volunteering with Action for Animals Humane Society.
"I heard this meowing as we went in, and when we came out, I thought, 'Oh my gosh, someone would throw a kitten into the garbage?'" she said.
That was in 1993, when Newill took the kitten to the no-kill shelter, and it was fostered in the home of a board member.
Newill, who has been involved with Action for Animals for the 20 years since, will help celebrate the Derry Township shelter's 30th anniversary.
An event is planned for 6 p.m. Feb. 8 at Latrobe Country Club, where Newill and shelter manager LuAnn Hutcheson will speak about their "tales from the trenches."
Action for Animals is the oldest and largest no-kill shelter in Westmoreland County, said Laura Guskiewicz, board treasurer and co-chairwoman for the event.
She has adopted two dogs from the shelter.
"It's the best thing in the world to come home and have that dog waiting for you," Guskiewicz said.
Without support from the community, the nonprofit shelter wouldn't be nearly as successful as it is now, Newill said.
"It's been a really great story of passion, desire and willingness to help," she said.
When Action for Animals began in 1983, it started with volunteers providing foster homes.
In the early 1990s, a steel building on Route 981 housed about 45 animals, and the shelter underwent five additions.
There were no full-time or veterinary staffers at first, but now in the facility on Route 217 about 150 animals can receive care from a veterinarian on staff as well as 20 paid employees.
"It has been nothing but for the betterment of the animals," said Hutcheson, who has worked at the shelter since 2001 when Four-Footed Friends in Indiana County restructured its staff.
The shelter manager said she has loved animals since she was a young girl.
"I was the kid that didn't go play with other kids; I played with my dad's hunting dogs," Hutcheson said.
She first began working with shelters in 1986 when she walked in to adopt a dog and "never left."
When asked to recall her most memorable rescue story for her speech at the upcoming dinner, she filled half of a legal-sized notebook with stories.
"You never stop learning," Hutcheson said. "You're working with an animal with a mind. Every mind is different; every day is different."
Newill remembers a Great Dane named Ophelia from her early days of working with the shelter. The dog was "skin and bone" after having been left in a mobile home with no food or water.
Watching Ophelia's recovery, which took several months, really emphasized the difference the shelter was making, she said.
"Seeing an animal on the brink of death looking into your eyes and say, 'I'm going to trust you again,'" was extremely heartening, Newill said.
The shelter does not limit its boarders to cats and dogs. It also has accepted farm animals, rabbits, chinchillas and goats and even placed an alligator at a rescue sanctuary.
When animals are confiscated by police or their owners are victims of emergencies, the shelter will take the pets.
"People and animals go hand-in-hand. We help both, and it's really been a special journey," Newill said.
One day, Hutcheson hopes, the shelter will be out of business — because every animal will be taken care of properly.
"It's always baby steps with progress, but it will be there," she said.
Tickets to the anniversary event are $50 and include dinner, hors d'oeuvres, cocktails, dessert and a silent auction. They are available on the shelter's website at afa.petfinder.org or by calling Guskiewicz at 724-850-8802.
Stacey Federoff is a staff writer for Trib Total Media. She can be reached at 724-836-6660 or email@example.com.


text:
This an Audio File Narrated by Ray (K4SUG), this was recorded from his Net Control Night February 17th, 2011 it is very good. Recorded by Rick (KD4DRA).
61-History by k4sug_2-17-2011
Here is a pdf file in the words of a former member Huge Anderson (W4FNS) Hope you enjoy this well written history.
Click here History of BRARS


text: 5 Qualities of Design Mastery Is it possible to reverse-engineer the lives of design masters to map out the route to success? Maybe not, but there are at least five basic qualities, embodied in IIDA Fellows, that play an important role in the mastery of design. by Felice Silverman, IIDA * required fields From* To* Message cancel When I was asked about what makes a master of design, my initial impulse was to design the answer. Instinctively, I reached for consistencies in the lives of the designers I respect, and which I try to maintain in my own life and career. It quickly occurred to me that the traits that make a master of design are much the same as what IIDA recognizes in its Fellows, and that those qualities are pretty well defined. Induction into the IIDA College of Fellows is the highest honor that IIDA bestows on its members. Fellows typically are outstanding professionals and leaders, immersing themselves in advancing design through education, mentoring aspiring designers, serving on committees, and taking part in initiatives that benefit the profession. Like others before them, this year's inductees—Barbara Dellinger, FIIDA, MA, EDAC, AAHID, CID (HDR Architecture, Alexandria, Va.); Judy Pesek, FIIDA, LEED AP (Gensler, Dallas, Texas); and Jim Williamson, FIIDA, LEED AP (Gensler, Washington, D.C.)—exhibit those five chief characteristics common to those who have truly mastered the art of design. commitment No one gets anywhere in design—or in anything, for that matter—without a lot of this. Vision will get you so far, but commitment is demonstrated in the amount of effort you expend in achieving your goal. For masters of design, that commitment is total. Design isn't part of life—it is life, and it's evidenced by everything one does, from deliberately integrating one's self in the design world to approaching everyday problems from a design perspective. No one becomes an IIDA Fellow without enormous commitment, not just to one's own work but to the profession itself. There's no question of the commitment of this year's Fellows, with the many millions of square feet of work between them, decades of experience and demonstrated leadership in the profession. For example, many readers will recognize Jim Williamson as my predecessor as IIDA international board president, but Jim also acts locally to better his community of Washington, D.C., including participating regularly on the Design Leadership Council, a body of interior design and architectural professionals who meet each month to strengthen the relationship between the two disciplines. Like the rest of his esteemed Fellows, Jim exemplifies the commitment to his profession that any would-be master should aspire to maintain. initiative It's one thing to have the will to better the world through design, but turning will into action is what separates the good designers from the great ones. It's the designers with initiative, the ones who are great at their craft and who use their experience and knowledge to lead, to start their own firms and mentor the next generation, who have the greatest impact. Judy Pesek has, through her own initiative, made the most of numerous leadership positions during her 25 years with Gensler. She's grown the business of Gensler's Washington, D.C., Houston, Charlotte, and Dallas offices, and along the way helped the Dallas office pick up two IIDA Pinnacle Awards, a designation as AIA Firm of the Year in 2008, and the honor of Corporate Citizen of the Year in 2012. These awards underscore Judy's initiative as someone who cares enough to be great at design and who has the confidence to step into a situation and use her expertise to the advantage of her firm and the greater community. expertise Many people decide to become a designer because of an instinct or a knack for it, but there's no substitute for experience. Expertise is typically what we think of when we imagine mastery in any field: the intimate knowledge of a craft or subject gained through years of continuous practice and study. Anyone working hard in his or her discipline is bound to pick up an extensive familiarity with it, but for the master, there's a greater insight at work—something that enables design masters to take their core of understanding and squeeze the future out of it. All of our Fellows, including this year's inductees, maintain an impeccable level of expertise that enables them to shape the future of design and gives them the authority to discuss its direction with the less-experienced. innovation There is no design without innovation. Innovation is what gives design its vitality, its force and much of its appeal to our senses. It's what we respond to when we see great design, and it's what we work toward. Masters of design are able to innovate consistently and with style, thanks to their extensive backgrounds in problem solving and their almost reflexive ability to envision the best design solutions. They're not afraid to step outside their comfort zones and find new ways of approaching a project. Barbara Dellinger did just that, helping to advance the evidence-based design (EBD) movement through the integration of research into her work. She was even honored to have her EBD furniture checklist become a mandatory part of the U.S. Department of Defense Military Health System's World Class Toolkit, which is a set of tools designed to assist architects, hospital planners, and facility managers in creating effective and efficient medical facilities. contribution As you've no doubt guessed, many of the above-mentioned attributes play into each other pretty strongly, and the idea of contribution is no exception. In fact, all of the above traits are essential if a designer is to use his or her abilities to strengthen our foundation and the design community at-large. Each of this year's IIDA Fellows has a résumé that includes significant community outreach to benefit both their local communities and the interior design profession. Jim has his work with the Design Leadership Council; Barbara mentors, is working to implement effective educational programs for future designers, and was invited earlier this year to join the Center for Health Design's Research Coalition; and Judy plans to use her Fellowship to connect with universities to help develop the next generation of designers. All five of these qualities are driven by a sixth characteristic that's an absolute in our profession, and that's passion. It's the fuel that enables us to persevere, allowing us to follow our initial vision to its conclusion as a fully realized and effective space. It's passion that keeps us in the office when others have gone home, and that compels us to push beyond our limits and produce the best design solutions possible. It may not be enough on its own to propel an individual to master status, but without it, the other five characteristics become little more than theory. IIDA President Felice L. Silverman, IIDA is president and a principal at Silverman Trykowski Associates, Inc. in Boston. You can reach IIDA at (312) 467-1950 or at email@example.com. Related Articles Workplace Design Matters Changing of the Guard


text:
Discovered by Johan Bode in 1774, and sometimes referred to as Bode's Nebula, M81 is one of the easiest and most rewarding galaxies for amateur astronomers in the northern hemisphere and, under exceptional seeing conditions, has even been glimpsed with the naked eye.
A few hundred million years ago, a close encounter took place between M81 and its smaller, near-neighbor, M82, during which the latter was dramatically deformed. The encounter has also left traces in the spiral pattern of M81. The galaxies are still close together – their centers separated by as little as 150,000 light-years.
Related categories MESSIER CATALOGUE
Home • About • Copyright © The Worlds of David Darling • Encyclopedia of Alternative Energy • Contact


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Tiger Trot 5K (Lakeland, FL)
Tiger Town - Joker Marchant Stadium
Sat 05/18/2013
5K, Elite, Military
The Tiger Trot 5k Run and Walk is taking place May 18, 2013 at historic Joker Marchant Stadium at Tiger Town, USA in Lakeland, FL. Home of the Lakeland Flying Tigers and the spring training home of the Detroit Tigers. The course will start in the stadium parking lot and go through beautiful Lake Parker Park, ending on the warning track near third base in the stadium. All participants will receive a goody bag, free food, shirt (shirts only guaranteed for registrations received or post marked by May 3, 2013). Specialty dog tags will be given to all 5k finishers. Awards will be given to the top 3 males and females finishers overall and the top three masters for males and females. Age group awards will presented to the top three finishers in each of the following age groups: 10 & under, 11-13, 14-19, 20-24, 25-29, 30-34, 35-39, 40-44, 45-49, 50-54, 55-59, 60-64, 65-69, 70 & older. This great event is presented by the Lakeland Flying Tigers and Ledger Media Group and produced by Raging Races, Central Florida's premier race event organization. Event schedule and times7am - Race Day Registration/Packet Pickup8am - 5k Run and Walk StartOn Line Registration Closes May 16, 2013 at 11:59pm.Race Day Registration is $30Shirts Guaranteed for all Registered or Post Marked by May 3, 2013
- Address:2301 Lakeland Hills Blvd.
Lakeland, FL 33805


text:
|Emy Mixon and Jarod Yerkes look at paintings during the art department's Open House Thursday, Nov. 4, at Western.
|Thomas Moore of Asheville plays the oud, a Syrian stringed instrument, while John Speier of Bryson City, an art student, draws him.
CULLOWHEE Western Carolina University gave patrons of the arts a behind-the-scenes look Thursday, Nov. 4, at the creative process that goes into the paintings, drawings, sculptures and other works that will soon be on display in the galleries of the university's massive Fine and Performing Arts Center.
Western's department of art hosted an open house in the recently completed art wing of the new building, and several hundred people turned out for the first public event in the $30 million, 122,000-square-foot center. They were treated to drawing and painting demonstrations, examined photography, sculpture and mixed media works, prowled through art history books and even got their hands dirty molding clay pots in ceramics studios.
In welcoming remarks, Western Chancellor John W. Bardo thanked the citizens of North Carolina for approving in November 2000 the $3.1 billion state higher education bond package that is funding construction of the Fine and Performing Arts Center, and he singled out N.C. Senate President Pro Tempore Marc Basnight for understanding the impact the center will have on Western North Carolina, both artistically and economically.
To be very competitive, a region is going to have to be very creative. This facility gives us the opportunity to have the arts front and center at the university. It's no accident that the very first academic building you see when you come on campus is this one, Bardo said.
This is a special building, filled with good, creative people. It will help us define the future. This building, this facility, this direction are right for this university and right for the mountains. Look at what has happened to Asheville and to Western North Carolina over the past several years. This is now a cool' region to be in. It's now a destination for people because of the quality of life, the quality of culture and the quality of education, he said.
Matt Liddle, head of the art department, told the crowd that the new Fine and Performing Arts Center is ample evidence of the university's increasing emphasis on the arts.
This building is dedicated to the principle that art is important. Art is important for all of us, especially at a university setting where we are all about the free exchange of ideas and the life of the mind, affirming and challenging what we believe, Liddle said. Art is about taking an idea and giving it some form. This building is a good example of taking an idea and giving it some form. This building is a metaphor for the value this university and this community place on the arts.
Martin DeWitt, founding director of the museum of art within the center, gave a preview of what to expect in the art museum's four separate art galleries, which comprise more than 4,470 square feet and will hold Western's permanent collection and rotating displays of contemporary art, drawings and student work.
We know the impact of what goes on in this building will not only be felt on the campus, but also in the community, the region, the state, nationally and internationally, DeWitt said. We really do have the intent to bring the world here to Cullowhee. But, at the same time, we are bringing Cullowhee to the world.
Paul Lormand, founding director of the performance facilities in the new building, promised good things to come in the facility's 1,000-seat auditorium, a hall capable of hosting Broadway-quality productions. Workers are putting finishing touches on the performance space, which is expected to be ready for use by next fall.
The performing arts make you feel good, vital and excited, Lormand said. They make you feel good to be alive. It is our goal to challenge the minds, touch the hearts, and reach the souls of everyone who enters our doors. When we open those doors, you will discover a celebration of life.
While DeWitt and Lormand spoke about future activities in the new building, the art department's Jon Jicha reminded open house attendees that much is happening now in the facility, including a new master of fine arts degree program that began this past summer.
The graduate program offered through an unconventional course structure featuring an intensive, on-campus residency during the summer and distance course work during the fall and spring has already attracted students from across the nation, Jicha said.
For more information on the program or other art department activities, contact the department of art at (828) 227-7210.


text:
Championship Spades for Windows, our #1 Seller!
Use this security logo:
Freeware is computer software that is available for use at no cost or for an optional fee.
Tutorial not found. Let know us about any useful video tutorial.
card games, Internet, freeware, windows, spades, play spades
Major update with Vista and Windows 7 and 64-bit support, new characters, smoother game play, AI improvements, and much more!
You are free to distribute 100% Free Spades as freeware to others, provided you distribute all original files without modification and credit DreamQuest Software for their hard work.
For current URLs, mirror sites, quality screenshots, reviews, icons, please visit http://www.Free-Family-Games.com You are free to download
and use any images found there for your own use .
You may not use, copy, rent, lease, sell, modify, decompile, disassemble, otherwise reverse engineer, or transfer the licensed program except as provided in this agreement. Any such unauthorized
use shall result in immediate and automatic termination of this license.
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text:
Secretary of Education Arne Duncan delivered his own speech in Washington this week, titled "Bang for the Buck in Schooling," in which he made arguments similar to those of Mr. Gates.
School officials should be using this crisis to "leverage transformational change in the education system" rather than seeking to balance budgets through shorter school years, reduced bus routes or other short-term fixes, Mr. Duncan said.
In the speech, Mr. Gates says that improving student achievement is a central challenge, and that budget crises are making change necessary.
"You can't fund reforms without money," he says. "And there is no more money."
View entire article here.
# # #
Press Contact:
Michael Drewniak
Kevin Roberts


text:
Office of Nursing Services (ONS)
Chief Nursing Officer Retires
Chief Nursing Officer Catherine J. Rick RN NEA-BC FAAN FACHE Retires from the Department of Veterans Affairs
On January 16, 2014, a ceremony honoring Chief Nursing Officer Cathy Rick was held to commemorate the occasion of her retirement. In addition to her certificate of retirement, Under Secretary for Health Robert Petzel and Principal Deputy Under Secretary for Health Robert Jesse presented Cathy Rick with the Secretary of Veterans Affairs Distinguished Career Award on behalf of the Secretary for Veterans Affairs, Eric K. Shinseki. Army Surgeon General Lt. General Patricia D. Horoho, the first nurse Army Surgeon General, presented Cathy Rick with the Order of Military Medical Merit on behalf of the United States Army Medical Department. Additional Comments about Ms. Rick's achievements as VA Chief Nursing Officer were provided by American Nurses Association Chief Executive Officer Marla Weston and Atlanta VA Medical Center Nurse Executive Sandy Leake.
In her remarks upon receipt of the awards, Ms. Rick stated she was grateful for the opportunities afforded to her throughout her career, and "takes great pride having served the talented VA nursing staff in caring for our nation's heroes and for stepping up, taking risks, being innovative, and being forward thinking as they've advanced VA nursing practice over the past decade". She thanked the Office of Nursing Services staff for their exemplary commitment to "tackle the tough issues of today while simultaneously paving the way for a desired future state". She thanked those in the USH office, programs offices, VISN and facility leadership for their support, guidance, and health debates as colleagues and said "VA nursing continues to stand ready to be full partners in all efforts for continuous improvement in patient care, academic partnerships, research, and emergency management". She recognized the Tri-Council leadership for their collaborative efforts embracing the role of VA nursing in their strategic priorities. She concluded with her gratitude and pride extended to Secretary Shinseki, the Federal Nursing Service Chiefs, Congressional Committees, Veteran Service Organizations, and the National Partnership Council.


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Hoyer tears ACL, out for the season
(Berea) - The news is not good for Browns QB Brian Hoyer.
Coach Rob Chudzinski says Hoyer suffered a torn ACL in his right knee Thursday night and will require surgery.
Hoyer is out for the season.
Brandon Weeden came in and lead the Browns to their third win in a row, moving them to the top of the AFC North.
The Bills also lost starting rookie quarterback EJ Manuel with a knee injury.
Get breaking news sent to your mobile phone. Text "news" to 21095.
(Copyright © 2013 by Clear Channel, all rights reserved. Photo courtesy Cleveland Browns/NFL)


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|kmchart updates
|Thu, 8 Nov 2007 21:34:07 +1100 (EST)
Changes committed to git://oss.sgi.com:8090/nathans/kmchart.git README | 12 ------ VERSION | 2 - doc/CHANGES | 6 +++ src/chart/main.cpp | 2 - src/chart/timecontrol.cpp | 59 +++++++++++++++++++++---------- src/chart/timecontrol.h | 20 ++++++---- src/time/timelord.cpp | 87 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--------------- src/time/timelord.h | 3 + 8 files changed, 123 insertions(+), 68 deletions(-) commit 2b316c127f7b27f273d33324202408ff50096a6c Author: Nathan Scott <nathans@xxxxxxxxxx> Date: Thu Nov 8 21:26:42 2007 +1100 Bump version to 1.0-beta6. commit 535e7940dc518bd60972fcbacb22b1b6998a2563 Author: Nathan Scott <nathans@xxxxxxxxxx> Date: Thu Nov 8 21:19:55 2007 +1100 A number of changes to better handle time control messages in and from kmtime. In particular, fast fwd now works reliably, as does play-at-high-speed, with VCR interaction. Gets rid of a code TODO too, which turned out to be masking a nasty bug or two - previously we did not deal with large reads which copied in multiple kmtime messages at once, from the socket. This was resulting in occassional dropped messages, which meant no ACK would be sent for a Step, and the communication would stop as we waited for an ACK. In the future we might want to try to be more defensive inside kmtime as well (some code placeholders left for this) - if an out-of-sequence or unexpected ACK arrives, could attempt to do a reset on that client, via a (forced) VCR stop event. commit e81427ed30ae9073c66805ff90adcb76e77eddf2 Author: Nathan Scott <nathans@xxxxxxxxxx> Date: Thu Nov 8 21:18:04 2007 +1100 Change default chart background color to a sky blue - black is not such a great default, as the barplot outlines are black.
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text:
The Missions defense seemed to be clicking, shutting down the Travelers at the plate and in the field. Cory Luebke had great control with all his pitches and had seven strikeouts by the fourth.
"It's no secret the Travelers are a good hitting team," Luebke said. "I relied on my fastball, but I threw more sliders and changeups to keep them on their toes. You definitely can't fall asleep on this team because they'll make you pay for it."
In the bottom of the fifth inning, with a man on second, Matt Clark launched a high fly ball into right field for a double, bringing in one more run to make the score 5-0.
The Travelers finally got on the board when Paul Orlando hit a high fly ball into center, scoring the man on second and putting two more in scoring position. Brandon Gomes was brought in mid-inning to pitch for the Missions. With men on second and third, Jamie Romak made solid contact with a curveball and brought in two more runs for the Travelers. The next batter, Jeff Howell, found the gap in shallow right field to score one more run making the score 5-4 Missions.
In the top of the ninth, Craig Italiano came in to close the game for the Missions. He game gave up two home runs and blew the save in his last outing. The Travelers loaded the bases with no outs and power hitter Derrick Robinson up to bat. Robinson grounded a ball to the second baseman who was able to relay the ball to home and turned a double play by catching the runner at third for a 4-2-5 double play. The next batter grounded out to second, closing the game out for the Missions who walk away with a 5-4 victory.
"It definitely feels good to win this one," said Missions manager Doug Dascenzo. "We haven't been playing like we should lately and this gives our team a boost of confidence. Our defense started to fall apart, but we keep it together and pulled out a win. We just need to carry over this success and eliminate the number of mistakes."
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As they munched dishes of fragrant rice and plates of Italian gnocchi, delegates voiced support for UK Chancellor Gordon Brown's call to arms.
He was right, they said, to demand a greater effort to close the gap between the world's rich and poor.
The September 11 terrorist attacks had switched the focus of the international community to fighting terrorism, just at the time when governments had vowed to take major steps to improve access to education and cut poverty and sickness.
As a result, Mr Brown said targets set in 2000 were not going to be met next year and, more worryingly, would not be met in the next 100 years unless more money and international good will was found.
Back on track
Looking around the conference room, there was ample evidence of the cooperation that the morning's speakers had all called for.
The sombre suits of politicians and business people were offset by the colour of saris and the street cool of rock stars such as Bono.
The relaxed atmosphere, they said, allowed them to talk to people they normally would not have access to and broach all manner of subjects.
Top of the agenda for many was getting rid of the vast agricultural subsidies that gave farmers in the developed world an unfair advantage.
Not that there was agreement on every point.
While lauding the Chancellor for his passion and drive, some questioned the way in which extra aid would be used and the requirements that would have to be met by some of the world's poorest countries.
But the difference of opinions were not schisms, and many delegates said they looked forward to working in a new can-do environment.


text:
I don't judge people from looks I get to know the person before making an opinion on them. Not Many people like that
Lookin for a guy to hang out with get to know and then see where things go
Movies- The Wizard of Oz, A League of Their Own, Finding Nemo, ET, It, Horton Hears a Who, The Dark Knight, Twilight Series.
Shows- Penguin hockey games, Dexter, Weeds, Big Brother, NCIS, Blue Bloods, Shameless, Real World, Real World Road Rules Challenges, Hell's Kitchen, Grey' Anatomy, pretty much anythin reality.
Food- as far as food goes im a picky eater.. I love Italian Food thats my favorite
Music- I listen to anythin as long as its good. my favorite is country
2 Friends: They dont judge make me laugh and help me
3 Cell Phone: Texting all the time
4 Bottle Water: always have water
5 Movies/Tv: Need good laughs
6 Music: Need it to get away
That's not the private


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As a sovereign nation, America's government has supremacy of authority to rule as dictated by the U.S. Constitution and is completely independent from outside forces. The Founding Fathers never intended for foreigners to influence the government or impose their will on Americans or politicians, but for the past two years, Republicans have acquiesced to a foreign corporation's demand they be given the authority to raise gas prices, endanger the water supply, and impede farmers right to produce crops to feed the nation. Now, Willard Romney has joined the fray and Americans should begin asking why Romney promises to allow a Canadian corporation to control land in America, and why they are funding his run for the White House.
It is obvious to many Americans that Romney and Republicans hate this government and its people, and in their drive to weaken America, they are promoting a Canadian corporation to assist in their efforts. It was revealed recently that a Canadian corporation contributed $1 million to put Willard Romney in the White House, and he supports another Canadian corporation's expedition to takeover Americans' lands and raise gas prices. At one point in America's history, it was illegal for foreigners to impact elections and influence the government, but that was before Republicans abandoned their duty to serve the Constitution and the American people.
Republicans Sell America's Sovereignty and Give in to a Foreign Corporation's Demands
Current Status: Blessed (1)
Seeded on Mon Oct 8, 2012 9:47 AM
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text:
Old Mountain View neighbors said they had lost trust with the city and the developer over the patio, which was not in plans approved by the City Council for the four-story, 203-unit complex on Evelyn Avenue and Bush Street. Some said they felt "cheated" because they had fought so hard over every detail to lessen the project's impacts on the city, only to learn last week that it was quietly added to the project with staff's support a year ago.
The 2,200-square-foot-patio on top of the building's fourth floor would likely mean "noise pollution" from the neighborhood from parties or a TV and music system that will be installed, neighbors said.
No permit needed
Gilli said the patio itself was not an architectural change or a special commercial use that would trigger a "discretionary permit," so it could not be removed. An allowance for such rooftop patios is also mentioned in the precise plan for the block.
With the patio atop the highest building east of Castro Street, "This should concern everyone east of Castro Street," said neighbor Tony Merales. "Sound is going to spread out in all directions. There is nothing that is going to stop it; no buildings, no trees. Sound can travel miles in the right conditions."
"I do clearly think this a situation that has damaged the trust the neighborhood has with the city," Gilli said. "Even if there is no ability to say no to the deck, you all should have heard about it earlier. I want to apologize for that."
'Brazen' move
Developer Jon Moss of Prometheus Real Estate Group was dealt many criticisms, including council member Jac Siegel, who had claimed that the deck was already built in a "brazen" move. Some suspected that the roof deck plans were hidden from the city until after the City Council's approval.
"I don't believe the applicant purposely held this back," Gilli said. "I believe it was an idea that came up later."
Old Mountain View Neighborhood Association chair David Lewis blamed the city's process.
"Prometheus is not to blame here," Lewis said. "The problem is a process where they go into the city, not the City Council but city staff, and they say they want to do this and no one ever hears about it," Lewis said. "That seems like a very bad process."
Gilli said the noise from the deck would have been studied as part of the project's environmental impact review if it were part of the original plans. He added that city staff had supported the deck as an amenity for the residents, and a way to "reduce congestion" of city parks. But he indicated that city policies did not allow him to make a new decision on the deck.
"Maybe one the aspects that come out of this is that rooftop open spaces need some kind of review," Gilli said. "Right now (city code) doesn't say that it does."
While he said he doubted that the neighborhood would be affected by noise from a deck 300 feet away, Moss promised that Prometheus would do everything it could to respond to noise complaints from the neighbors, even closing off access to the deck and terminating the leases of problem tenants. He said alcohol would be allowed on the deck, and that it could be reserved for parties. It would close nightly at 10 p.m.
"We have to rely on goodwill," Gilli told neighbors.
OMVNA vice chair Robert Cox said in an email that 115 neighbors had sent emails showing their opposition to the project, and that a committee would be meeting next week to discuss spending $1,000 to appeal the decision to the City Council.


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|Home > National News > NSW Election > News > Article
|Wednesday March 26, 2003
The tide wasn't kind enough yesterday to let Len Everson check his crab traps in the Clarence River before heading off to play bowls, but the old Iluka fisherman wasn't too concerned.
The political tide had already turned nicely for him. The election of the new member for Clarence, Steve Cansdell, was as welcome as a net full of fat mullet.
Mr Cansdell - a signwriter, Grafton councillor and former boxer - was the National Party's only candidate able to bludgeon a ticket to Macquarie Street from Labor over the weekend.
In taking back the North Coast heartland seat for the Nationals, he provided his embattled party with some small hope that it can eventually turn around its long-term decline.
Claiming Clarence with a swing of 1.9 per cent at his second attempt, Mr Cansdell found the fight as bruising as the Australian light heavyweight title he won in 1973.
Like all National Party candidates he gave national parks a belting during the campaign, but the exhausted 52-year-old father of four and grandfather of seven plans to spend the next few days hiding in one of them recovering from the campaign.
Clarence was Labor's most marginal seat and desperately defended. Harry Woods, who first won it for Labor in 1995, had a margin of just 143 votes - 0.2 per cent.
This time Mr Cansdell didn't have to contend with a three-cornered contest with a Liberal candidate or serious competition from One Nation.
The high-profile Mr Woods, who was the regional development minister, retired at the election, leaving his policy adviser, Terry Flanagan, to stand for Labor.
Most of the local mayors were in Mr Cansdell's corner and from the forests to the cane fields to the fisheries, the angry primary producers of Clarence were cheering him on, hoping he would win the chance to take the gloves off and get stuck into Bob Carr.
Across NSW there has been anger at the Carr Government's natural resource management, but only in delicately balanced Clarence - one of Australia's poorest regions - has it translated into enough votes to take a Labor seat.
Eversons have been fishing the Clarence for more than 100 years and Mr Everson, 69, voted for Mr Cansdell because he wants to see the way of life continue.
He and his fellow commercial fishermen have been infuriated by the Government forcing many of them off the river by buying back licences so there is more fish for recreational anglers.
"Most of those people didn't really want to go. They didn't get enough [compensation]," Mr Everson said.
Upstream at Grafton, third generation timber miller David Dent, 44, also voted National.
During the campaign Mr Carr announced 15 new North Coast national parks that will take 65,000 hectares of forests promised to the mills out of action.
Washpool, Nymboida, Guy Fawkes, Yuraygir, Bundjalung, Broadwater - Mr Dent thinks Clarence has more than enough national parks.
The State Government insists the industry will still get the timber it needs, but many Clarence timber workers fear their way of life also faces extinction unless the decision is overturned.
In his victory speech on Saturday night, Mr Cansdell declared: "This is a notice to Bob Carr - don't ignore rural NSW. Do not sell our timber industry out for darn Greens votes in a grubby backroom deal. Take notice of our rural industries and respect them as we do."
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Also in NSW Election
Cabinet and bureaucrats face Carr's restless zeal
Leader safe from challenges for now
Greens 'have arrived' with surge of support
Nori survives Greens challenge
Four more years to sort out the Liberal mess
Victory was on the cards early: it was all in handling of hand-outs
Hanson has a shot at a seat if the big guns leave enough room
Final tally - one Pauline pundit, two peaceniks and a lot of yawns
Failure to win back One Nation vote puts Souris under pressure
Business promises to push for change
Battling Cansdell gives Nationals a glimmer of light in the north
Up close and personal with a much-loved supporter
Sartor wakes up and smells the victory
The lone Liberal who pierced Labor's ranks
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FRAME News Fund for the Replacement of Animals in Medical Experiments
Editor: Anne Jeffery
No. 69 October 2012
New Forum for Three Rs Discussion FRAME is launching a new initiative aimed at improving the quality of discussion about issues raised by animal experimentation and the Three Rs. Called Perspectives in Laboratory Animal Science (PiLAS), it will take the form of a stand-alone supplement in FRAME's scientific journal ATLA (Alternatives to Laboratory Animals) and a new website, www.atla.org.uk, starting this month (October).
The move will offer professionals in all relevant fields an opportunity to share their expertise, knowledge and ideas concerning the scientific, ethical, economic and logistical aspects raised by laboratory animal use. Professor Michael Balls, Chairman of FRAME Trustees, said: "Discussions in the media on many important issues are all-too-often of an unacceptably low standard. As a result, opinions are formed, policies are determined, and actions are taken on an inadequate basis, which can
lead to regrettable outcomes and the need to take costly remedial steps. "This also applies to the use of laboratory animals as human models, and alternative approaches that could reduce or obviate the need for such use. At the moment, particular issues of concern involve the international transport of animals destined for laboratory use and the use of great apes as laboratory animals, both of which have aroused conflicting and strong responses, but have not been given the quality of discussion they need and deserve." Those are two of the many topics that will be covered in the new supplement, under these headings: Opinion; Current Dilemmas; Indepth Discussions; The Wisdom of Russell and Burch; Points of View; News; Comments and Feedback. Full details of other issues to be discussed can be found in ATLA 40 (3).
PiLAS has been made possible by a grant from the Phoebe Wortley Talbot Charitable Trust, which is gratefully acknowledged.
FRAME News
INSIDE... The Three Rs around the world
Dorothy Hegarty Award
FRAME and Parliament
The Björn Ekwall Memorial Award
FRAME helps with new text book
Human fetal tissue use — FRAME's view
'Cruelty free' misinterpreted
New methods in asthma research
Home Office statistics 2011
News from the FAL
News in brief
Corporate support
The Three Rs Around the World Trans-Atlantic Differences in Three Rs Driving Forces A new report has highlighted the different
Academic research in Europe needs to
The author team was led by Chantra
driving forces in academic study of
comply with legislation for the
Eskes of Services & Consultation on
alternative, non-animal methods in Europe
protection of animals used for scientific
Alternative Methods (SeCAM) in
and the USA. It is based on information
purposes, and requires approval by
gathered during the 8th World Congress on
national government evaluation
Alternatives and Animal Use in the Life
committees. In the United States,
Sciences last year.
legislation and regulation related to
The authors found that, while industrial driving forces were similar on both sides of the Atlantic, the academic influences varied.
alternatives to animals was not considered a primary driver for the implementation of Three Rs alternative methods.
In industry, both continents were influenced by the ethical, scientific, and economic need to reduce and eventually replace the use of animal models in toxicity testing.
The Principles of Humane Experimental Technique, by William Russell and Rex Burch, described the ideas of the Three Rs, replacement, reduction and refinement, which form the basis of FRAME's work today. The translation is published by Adthree Publishing Company Ltd, 4-27-37, Higashinakano, Nakano-ku, Tokyo 164-0003, Japan.
Aardema Consulting, USA; Free University of Berlin, Germany; Institute for In Vitro Sciences, USA; VITO, Belgium; Vrije Universiteit Brussel,
that differed between continents. The
Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University,
European Commission and a number of
The Netherlands.
towards the Three Rs application in
Noriyuki Kasai, Professor Emeritus and Guest Professor, Tohoku University Center for Laboratory Animal Research and The Institute for Animal Experimentation, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan, spent five months on the initial translation, but his work was interrupted by the earthquake that hit Japan in 2011. Tohoku University and its animal facility are close to the centre of the disaster.
Responsible Medicine, USA; Marilyn
Belgium; and Institute for Risk
for financing programmes directed
The seminal book that first set out the principles of eliminating the need for animals in laboratories has been translated into Japanese.
institutions: Physicians Committee for
Academics also faced economic forces
EU Member States have active policies
Translation of The Principles into Japanese
The authors also represent the following
toxicology, but in the USA the sources
The full report can be found at: http://www.altex.ch/ resources/205209_ Eskes3.pdf
for financing academic research in this area are limited.
Attitudes to Animal Use in Medical Education in Southern India Animals), they A study of medical research in southern Indian universities has revealed significant differences in attitudes to animal use at undergraduate and post-graduate levels. In India, animal experiments play an integral role in both undergraduate and post-graduate medical education in the discipline of pharmacology. A team led by Syed Ilyas Shehnaz of the Department of Pharmacology, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates (UAE), compared the perceptions of pharmacology faculty members in southern India, regarding the use of animal experiments and alternatives at both levels. They found more support for animal use in postgraduate education. Writing in FRAME's scientific journal ATLA (Alternatives to Laboratory
called for increased awareness of alternatives in medical education. Their report said: "Animal experiments have traditionally been an important tool in the training of undergraduates and postgraduates in the discipline of pharmacology in India. Research has shown that the use of alternatives to animal experiments in undergraduate teaching, such as simulated clinical trials or computer simulation models, can circumvent most of the problems associated with animal experiments, while achieving equivalent learning outcomes. "As the views of teachers have a strong bearing on the implementation of the curriculum, the results obtained in our study might help improve the postgraduate and undergraduate curricula that are followed in medical colleges of India."
FRAME News
DOROTHY HEGARTY AWARD 2011 The 2011 Dorothy Hegarty Award has been won by a team from the Institute of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacy, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany. Professor Wolfgang Bäumer, Dr Stephan Schumacher, Dr Jessica Stahl and Professor Manfred Kietzmann received the award for their paper, The Use of an In Vitro-cultured Porcine Nasal Mucosa Model for the Biocompatibility Assessment of Biodegradable Magnesium. The Award is presented annually to the authors of the paper published in the previous year's volume of FRAME's scientific journal, ATLA, which, in the opinion of the members of the Editorial Board, is likely to make the most significant contribution to the reduction, refinement and/or replacement of animal experimentation. Each member of the ATLA Editorial Board is entitled to make up to five nominations for the Award. As in previous years, a large variety of papers were nominated, reflecting the diversity of the work published in ATLA, and the wide range of interests of the members of the Editorial Board.
Prof. Dr Wolfgang Bäumer
FRAME News
Dr Stephen Schumacher updated FRAME on the progress of the team's work: "The idea originated from an interdisciplinary research project within the Collaborative Research Centre 599 (SFB 599) funded by the German Research Foundation. The centre is dedicated to the development of innovative new biomedical implants, and one of its aims is the production of a biodegradable magnesium alloy stent for the treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis. "The project is designed in a way that allows for stepwise elimination of unsuitable implant materials. The process starts with material science testing, followed by a variety of biological in vitro test systems of increasing complexity, one of which is the nasal mucosa model. Then preclinical studies are initiated. By this means, unnecessary animal experiments can be avoided. Results obtained at each stage are fed back to the material scientists thus continuously improving the implant development from the very beginning. "We are currently working with a complementary porcine nasal epithelial cell model in order to gain better insight into the cellular and molecular processes occurring at the tissue–implant interface and the mechanisms underlying less than ideal biocompatibility."
Dr Stephan Schumacher
Dr Jessica Stahl
Abstract Stephan Schumacher, Jessica Stahl, Wolfgang Bäumer and Manfred Kietzmann.
The Use of an In Vitro-cultured Porcine Nasal Mucosa Model for the Biocompatibility Assessment of Biodegradable Magnesium. ATLA 39, pages 261–271.
The development of an in vitrocultured porcine nasal mucosa model is described. The model was subsequently used for the biocompatibility testing of resorbable magnesium-based implants, which are intended for use in the nasal cavity of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). Test specimens made from either pure magnesium or titanium were incubated with the mucosal tissue for 48 hours. Afterwards, tissue viability, PGE2, IL-6 and IL-8 release, magnesium ion release, succinate dehydrogenase activity, apoptosis and 14C amino acid incorporation, were determined. The results suggested favourable biocompatibility, even in the case of rapidly-degrading pure magnesium. However, presumed effects on protein synthesis and apoptosis could not be confirmed.
Prof. Dr Manfred Kietzmann
The award is named after Mrs Dorothy Hegarty who co-founded FRAME in 1969 with biologist Dr Charles Foister. In its very early days, FRAME was run from Mrs Hegarty's home, in Wimbledon.
FRAME AND PARLIAMENT APPRG registered Between 1981 and 2010 there was an All Party Parliamentary FRAME Group (APPFG), which was particularly influential during the passage through Parliament of what was to become the Animals (Scientific Procedures) Act 1986.
from the Main Opposition Party, and one other member, with Nic Dakin as Chair, Annette Brooke, Diana R. Johnson and Henry Smith as ViceChairs, Baroness Smith of Basildon as Treasurer, and Jim Dowd and Fabian Hamilton as Secretaries. The aim of the Group is to promote the replacement of animal procedures in medical research and safety testing by scientifically proven, relevant and reliable nonanimal methods, in the best interests of both human beings and animals.
Nic Dakin
In recent years rules were changed so that All Party Groups must be associated with issues, rather than with organisations, so after the 2010 General Election it was agreed that an All Party Parliamentary Replacement Group (APPRG) should be formed, for which FRAME would provide a Secretariat. The Group has now been entered into the Register of All-Party Groups. It has ten members from the Government Party, nine members
Swift success The Group has succeeded in establishing a distinctive and constructive position in relation to the complex issues raised by animal experimentation and opportunities for its reduction, refinement and replacement. It has met four times during its first year, and, in addition, met Lynne Featherstone MP,
then Under Secretary of State at the Home Office. A mutually beneficial line of communication has also been established between the Group and the Home Office. A number of issues were raised on behalf of the Group in correspondence with the Minister, and, in particular, questions related to the transposition of Directive
2010/63/EU into UK law. This transposition has dominated Government thinking during 2011– 2012, and will continue to do so into 2013, in view of the forthcoming discussions on the new legislation necessary for the transposition, and the publication of the related Guidance and Code of Practice.
Great apes The Group was successful, in collaboration with FRAME and the BUAV, in contributing to the persuasion of the Government to reverse its proposal to transpose from the Directive, without modification, clauses that would have left open the possibility of using great apes as laboratory animals in the UK. Nic Dakin, Chair of the Group, had raised this point during a Westminster Hall adjournment debate, which was followed by further correspondence with the Minister, leading to her categorical assurance at a later meeting, that the ban on the use of great apes as laboratory animals in the UK would be on the face of the forthcoming bill.
FRAME News
The Björn Ekwall Memorial Award models in toxicological
The latest recipient of the Björn Ekwall Memorial Award is Horst Spielmann. Professor Spielmann is a long-time associate of FRAME, and is the European Editor of its scientific journal ATLA (Alternatives to Laboratory Animals).
investigations. Professor Spielmann is being honoured in recognition of his outstanding scientific work in the field of in vitro toxicology. He has contributed considerably to developing methods aimed at
reducing and replacing animals used in The award is made by The Björn Ekwall
Memorial Foundation (BEMF), which was established in memory of Dr Björn Ekwall
He is a member of several national and
(1940–2000), a Swedish scientist in the
international boards and advisory
field of cell toxicology and the founder
committees involved in validation of in
of the Scandinavian Society for Cell
vitro tests. He is also Honorary Professor of Regulatory Toxicology at the Free University of Berlin.
Toxicology (SSCT). It marks achievements of outstanding scientists
Professor Spielmann has published more than 240 articles in peer-review journals, and written, edited or contributed to more than 100 books.
who have developed or used non-animal
New Text Book Three FRAME scientists have written a chapter in a new edition of a text book on pharmaceutical research. The book focuses on industrial pharmaceutical research. It is written by industry experts from around the world and discusses new methods of drug discovery and development.
the search, and how existing knowledge supports the discovery. Specific topics include the use of stem cells, examples of in vitro systems, clinical imaging and tissue engineering.
FRAME's chapter is called Translation of New Technologies in Biomedicines: Shaping the Road from Basic Research to Drug Development and Clinical Application – and Back Again. It was written by Chairman of the FRAME Trustees Professor Michael Balls, Trustee and Director of the FRAME Alternatives Laboratory Dr Andrew Bennett, and Trustee Professor David Kendall.
Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Drug Discovery and Clinical Applications, edited by Oliver Kayser and Heribert Warzecha, is published by Wiley Blackwell, Weinheim, Germany.
The chapter explains why models are needed to develop new drugs, what new technologies exist to help
FRAME News
Professor Kendall said: "Drug discovery is becoming more difficult and costly as many of the more obvious approaches to therapy for some diseases have been exhausted, and many failures in drug development can be laid at the door of inappropriate testing in animals. The key in the future is to reconsider the sacred cow of animal testing and to increasingly employ human-focused, new technologies to develop medicines targeting individual human patients, rather than employing a one-size-fits-all strategy."
FRAME Viewpoint: FRAME was recently asked for clarification of its stance on the use of tissues and cells from human fetuses Using human tissues avoids the ethical dilemma of experimenting on animals, as well as providing more relevant results for human medicine, but it raises issues concerning their source. Human cells and tissues must be obtained ethically and safely. Using the system of informed consent, that can happen when donors undergo surgery or biopsies, but a fetus cannot give such consent. It is assumed the enquiry related to the use of tissues obtained through voluntary termination of a pregnancy. Abortion can also be carried out for other reasons, including threats to the mother's health or because the fetus has abnormalities that would give it no chance of survival. There is also the case of spontaneous abortion, or miscarriage. In that case, tissue donation can be beneficial to the mother because the cells will be put to some positive purpose. Tissue can also be obtained from unwanted embryos left over after in vitro fertilisation. (Test tube baby production)
FRAME's use of fetal tissues When the FRAME Research Programme was established in 1982, staff were involved in a multi-centre study using a cell line derived from a human fetus. The line was later withdrawn because of adverse publicity over its origin. At the time, most cell lines were obtained from embryonic tissues because it was the only available technique. FRAME has also used cells in past studies on skin irritation, which were derived from surgicallyremoved foreskins from children. Today the FRAME Alternatives Laboratory works on adult-derived human cells obtained from biopsies, in full compliance with strict ethical and safety procedures.
Human stem cells Fetal tissue can also be a source of stem cells, a special kind of cells that hold the potential to become a range of different tissue types. Stem cells are also found in other tissues such as bone-marrow, skin and the liver. In the 1990s, mouse embryonic stem cell lines offered new research options, although they carried the same uncertainties over their relevance to human medicine as using any other animal cells. Since then it has become possible to isolate human embryonic stem cells, which can be used to create models of illnesses, such as cystic fibrosis, fragile X syndrome, and Huntington's disease. This is still controversial because of their source, so the latest developments use stem cells from adult donors. That opens up the future possibility of creating both normal and damaged cells from healthy individuals and those with particular diseases, so that tests would give more-detailed and more-relevant results than ever before.
Cruelty-Free Labels are Often Misinterpreted A US study has revealed that many consumers do not fully understand that a 'cruelty free' label on a product has no official meaning. Researchers from the Universities of Missouri and Oregon have called for a legal definition of cruelty free, after discovering that buyers did not realise that products carrying the claim could still have been tested on animals. Kim Sheehan, a professor in the University of Oregon School of Journalism and Communication, and Jooghwa Lee, a doctoral candidate at the University of Missouri, School of Journalism, carried out an online survey.
They found that many consumers intentionally seek out products such as toiletries and cosmetics that carry the label and most are under the impression that no animals were used to manufacture or test them. Those who said they actively searched for products that carry the label were then given information about the range of standards covered by the description. After the anomalies were explained, most consumers said they were less supportive of the label. The study was presented at the American Academy of Advertising 2012 Annual Conference.
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The Use Tissue in
of Human Fetal Research
Admixed Embryos In 2007, when the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Bill was published, it included a proposal to permit the production of 'admixed embryos', by replacing the nuclei of animal eggs with human nuclei, in order to increase the availability of human stem cells for research on a wide range of human diseases, although it was not established that they were necessary for the production of human embryonic stem cells. It was argued, however, that many serious human diseases could not be understood or treated in any other way, and the Bill was passed.
FRAME's Position FRAME believes that progress in understanding and treating human and animal disease, in providing products which are as a safe as possible to use, and in protecting the environment,
must depend principally on the application of the best possible scientific principles and procedures, and on the development and effective and ethical use of modern scientific procedures. FRAME is not an animal welfare organisation, since we believe that the reduction, refinement and replacement of the use of laboratory animal procedures in biomedical research and testing is overwhelmingly the best way forward for humans, as well as in the interests of animal welfare. FRAME also knows that there is no escape from ethical dilemmas, because the solution of one problem inevitably raises others. FRAME considers it to be possible to provide human embryonic cells and tissues according to acceptable ethical standards. Nevertheless, we are
delighted that the progress being made with the provision of tissues and cells, including stem cells, of post-natal human origin promises to end the necessity or desirability of using material of embryonic origin, and proud to be contributing to that progress. A more in-depth version of this statement was published as a Comment in FRAME's scientific journal ATLA (Alternatives to Laboratory Animals) issue 40(1) and is available free online at the FRAME website.
Reducing Animal Use in Asthma Research A University of Nottingham researcher has been awarded a national fellowship for her work to improve understanding of asthma, while using fewer animals in tests. Dr Amanda Tatler, in the University of Nottingham's School of Clinical Sciences, has been given a David Sainsbury Fellowship from the National Centre for the Replacement, Refinement and Reduction of Animals in Research (NC3Rs). Her work aims to develop understanding of the mechanisms leading to structural changes in the airways of patients with severe asthma. She will use new methods that significantly reduce the numbers of animals, usually mice, traditionally used to study the disease.
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The Home Office has published the latest Statistics of Scientific Procedures on Living Animals in Great Britain, revealing another increase in the number of procedures carried out. More than 3.79 million scientific procedures were started in Great Britain in 2011, a rise of 68,100, or 2%. This is the highest number of procedures carried out on animals in a year since the Animals (Scientific Procedures) Act 1986 (ASPA) came into force. Unlike in the previous decade, the increase is not exclusively due to breeding and use of genetically altered animals, although they are still the largest group at 1,617,813. The figures suggest a possible shift toward fundamental research becoming the primary cause of increases in animal experiments. The change for fundamental purposes is indicative of the continuing rise in experiments conducted in universities and medical schools, where 50% of procedures are now conducted. These include studies on cancer, genetics, immunology and physiology. In 2002, for the first time, the number of procedures conducted in universities and medical schools overtook the number conducted in commercial organisations. Since then, the gap between university-based procedures and commercial establishments has continued to widen.
How the figures are defined Published totals in the Home Office summary refer to the number of procedures started, not the number of animals used. Figures are rounded to the nearest 1,000 or 100, or to two
significant figures. The statistics document points out that the number of animals generally corresponds to the number of procedures, although, where an animal has recovered fully from a completed procedure and is used again, that is counted as a separate procedure. Therefore the number of animals used will always be slightly fewer than the number of procedures begun.
Home Office
Legal requirement to publish statistics The purpose of the annual statistical report is to satisfy the requirement in section 21(7) of the Animals (Scientific Procedures) Act 1986 (ASPA) that the Secretary of State should publish and lay before Parliament each year, information about the use of protected animals in experimental or other scientific procedures during the previous calendar year. The statistics are compiled from returns, submitted by project licence holders at the end of each year, or on the termination of the licence when this occurs during the year. ASPA will be replaced in early 2013 when the European Directive 2010/63/EU is transposed into UK law. The Directive also carries a requirement that: 'Member States shall collect and make publicly available, on an annual basis, statistical information on the use of animals in procedures, including information on the actual severity of the procedures and on the origin and species of non-human primates used in procedures.'
Fundamental biological research 35%
Breeding 43%
Fundamental research The rise in fundamental research poses a specific challenge to implementing the Three Rs, and developing alternative methods to replace animal use. It is particularly difficult to replace fundamental studies with non-animal alternatives because of their exploratory and knowledge-acquiring nature. There is also the added complication of the competitive spirit of academic research which makes collaboration difficult. The search for alternatives in toxicology has been driven by regulatory changes, but it would take a complete ban on animal experiments to drive such innovation in fundamental research. A wide scale change in attitude is needed toward actively looking for alternatives, rather than just finding them as a by-product of other research.
Toxicology and safety testing The number of procedures being carried out for safety testing and toxicology rose by 2% to a total of 399,000, mainly taking place in the commercial sector. Most of the toxicological procedures were conducted on rodent species and performed for pharmaceutical safety and efficacy evaluation. When toxicology procedures were carried out to meet legislative requirements the majority were done to meet a combination of such requirements. This means that there was less repetition of tests and signifies an improvement on historical practice.
Primary Purpose of Experimental Procedures on Animals in 2011 Veterinary medicine 5%
Human medicine or dentistry 13%
Protection of man, animals or the environment 3% Other 1%
FRAME News
Re-use of primates
Statistics 2011 Use of non-human primates It is encouraging to see a fall in the number of procedures being carried out on non-human primates, although it remains to be seen whether this is the start of a trend or merely a hiatus. FRAME is very concerned about the use of non-human primates in research because of their high
level of sentience. They are known to be able to remember events that cause them distress, and therefore can anticipate similar situations. The laboratory environment is also very damaging to them because it is unable to provide for their sophisticated social needs. These factors mean that they undergo high levels of suffering during medical and scientific procedures, and even their housing and general care can cause them intense stress. The fall in the number of procedures is mirrored by a reduction in the number of animals used. The total number of procedures using primates decreased by 2,213 from 4,688 in 2010 to 2,475 in 2011 (–47%) and the number of animals used fell by 1,190 (from 2,649 in 2010 to 1,459 in 2011 or –45%). This represents 752 fewer procedures on new world monkeys (430 fewer animals) and 1,461 fewer on old world monkeys (760 fewer animals).
SPECIES USED There were increases in numbers of procedures for several species, including cats (+26%), pigs (+37%), birds (+14%) and fish (+15%). Other species showed decreases, however, for example rats (–11%), guinea pigs (–16%), dogs (–21%) and non-human primates (–47% with new world monkeys –68% and old world monkeys –41%).
However, it is of great concern that non-human primates are increasingly being subjected to reuse. Many must have undergone more than one procedure, because there were 1,016 more procedures than animals. Given their ability to remember distressing events this must be considered a worrying trend. A number of studies are currently under way to assess the degree of suffering that primates undergo as a result of cumulative procedures. Re-use has to be specially authorised by the Home Office, and is generally conditional upon the animal having suffered no significant adverse effects as a consequence of the first use. It is impossible to get more detailed information from the statistics on the nature of re-use and how many individual animals are subjected to it.
Percentage Changes in Experimental Procedures Involving Animals, from 2010 to 2011
Animal Type
No. of procedures 2011
% change from 2010
Rat Guinea pig
By far the commonest species used, representing 71% of the total, was mice. Fish accounted for 15%, rats 7% and birds 4%. This is similar to recent years in that these groups represent the four most often used species. However, the levels of use have changed. Mice numbers are up from 68% of the total.
Other rodent
As the use of mice has increased use of rats has continued to decline. The continued change in 2011 is the latest in a trend that started in 1995.
Other carnivores
The birds category contains several species but domestic fowl account for the largest proportion at 92% of procedures carried out on them. The combined totals for dogs, cats and non-human primates add up to less than a quarter of 1% of the number of procedures started in 2011. Percentages can be misleading, however, because the actual number of animals involved is often not apparent from the figures. Procedures on cats, for example, showed a 26% increase but the change represents 48 events. Meanwhile, a 15% increase in procedures on fish actually involved a rise of 72,959.
FRAME News
Pig Sheep
Other ungulate
Other mammal Bird Reptile/amphibian Fish Total
FRAME LABORATORY HELPING IN BREAST CANCER RESEARCH The FRAME Alternatives Laboratory (FAL) is collaborating on research that could lead to a simple test to determine the best course of treatment for women with breast cancer.
Doctors have found that some women benefit from chemotherapy while others show little or no response to the treatment, and it could improve clinical outcomes if it was possible to tell in advance what the effect on an individual might be.
The FAL has considerable expertise and experience in investigating the make-up of DNA and gene expression (the way that genes determine a person's physical characteristics). As a result, the Medical School group approached the FAL for its assistance.
Genetic source
Research being carried out by Professor Oleg Eremin from the Division of Surgery at the University of Nottingham Medical School, has suggested there could be a genetic reason for the different responses and the FAL is helping to discover its exact nature.
Director of the FAL Dr Andrew Bennett said: "We have a great deal of expertise in this area and we are increasingly being asked to collaborate on projects such as this. With our skills and equipment we can carry out tests on a large number of samples quickly and effectively, and so produce useful and reliable data." Using samples donated by patients undergoing chemotherapy for breast cancer, the lab has demonstrated that there are two distinct forms of gene expression, which correlate to the outcomes from chemotherapy.
Improving patient outcomes "Giving chemotherapy to a patient who will not benefit from it delays other treatments that would be more helpful. If it was possible to predict whether or not chemotherapy would be effective it would benefit outcomes for all patients, as well as saving time and money. There is still much work to be done, but ultimately this research might lead to a simple blood test that will predict how a woman would respond to chemotherapy."
Personalised medicine Since its launch, the FAL has been at the forefront of alternatives research and played a key role in developing non-animal methods for toxicology testing. In the 21st century it is more deeply involved in the field of personalised medicine, and works increasingly with human tissue samples in order to find a more direct route to new medicines and treatments.
The FRAME Alternatives Laboratory (FAL) was founded in 1983 at the University of Nottingham Medical School. It is continuing to discover and develop real alternatives to the use of animals in research and testing.
Selected ATLA Papers
Available on InterNICHE Database InterNICHE has developed a new website on alternatives to animal experiments in medical, veterinary medical and biological science education and training. One of its resources is a free-access InterNICHE Studies Database, which aims to improve access to information that can support curricular transformation and replacement of animal experiments. It includes references, abstracts and other details from more than 750 published studies, searchable by discipline, author and keyword and full-text content of selected papers from the ATLA archive will shortly be available for downloading. The site contents reflect major themes such as technological innovation, experience of implementation, and assessment and comparative studies. This resource can help identify specific alternative tools and approaches to enhance practical classes. It also includes a section for comments.
See www.interniche.org/alternatives and www.interniche.org/studies
FRAME News
News in Brief Increased impact The impact factor for FRAME's scientific journal ATLA (Alternatives to Laboratory Animals) went up in 2011 to 1.46.
Volume 40 Number 2 May 2012
y Animals
Alternatives To Laborator
Vétérinaires Cantonaux (Association of Swiss District Veterinarians). The group has looked at the topics covered during the schools and agreed that they should be recognised as special education and training for personnel involved in animal experiments. The schools aim to show researchers how to design experiments so that they need fewer animals, as well as extracting higher quality information from the data.
apes as Ban on the use of great UK the aboratory animals in
The study was led by Professor Richard Grundy at the University's Children's Brain Tumour Research Centre. The researchers obtained 142 samples from 20 institutions in nine countries and used two biomarkers to identify how survival rates vary with age and disease progression. Professor Grundy said: "An international effort was needed to bring sufficient numbers of cases together to make the breakthrough we needed to better understand this disease." He hopes the new information will help to identify better treatments.
Conference on new EU Directive
on the The perception of students education use of animals in higherty of at the Federal Universi Paraná, Southern Brazil
Brain Tumour Biomarkers Identified
in vitro and ex The comparability of eous vivo studies on the percutan ions formulat permeation of topical containing ibuprofen meal Refinement of the charcoal the fasting study by reduction of period
COMMENTS for Comments on UK Options Transposition of European Directive 2010/63/EU are we Cell transformation assays: tree? barking up the wrong
ve on Great Apes be How will the EU Directi transposed into UK law?
Recognition for FRAME training schools FRAME's training schools in experimental design now qualify for three days' worth of continuing professional development points from the Association Suisse des
A team from The University of Nottingham has identified genetic markers that could provide new diagnostic tools for a rare and aggressive type of brain tumour. The molecular characteristics and the best treatment options are unknown for central nervous system primitive neuroectodermal tumours (CNS PNET), because little research has been done owing to their rarity.
FRAME LETTER in FRAME responded swiftly when a former Minister of Science made claims in a national newspaper that a blockade of transport companies who import animals into the UK for laboratory use would lead to increased patient suffering and deaths.
FRAME Scientific Programme Manager Michelle Hudson-Shore was one of the contributors to a conference looking at the implications of new European rules on the use of animals in research. The new EU Directive 2010/63/EU on the protection of animals used for scientific purposes, which must be implemented in the UK by 2013, will shape attitudes towards the use of animals in research. A two-day conference at Northumbria University considered the challenges and opportunities presented by the changes, for animal welfare, science, ethics and society. Michelle's talk concentrated on the effects the new legislation could have on the use of non-human primates.
The total imports of animals destined for laboratories in the UK represented only about one per cent of the total used each year and stopping them could not possibly cause the kind of hazards suggested, he said. He also pointed out that the majority of the best medical research no longer uses animals at all, because an increasing number of researchers are realising that animal models are unreliable, often irrelevant and sometimes dangerously misleading.
The statement, by Lord Drayson, was part of a series of articles in The Times that blamed animal rights activists for causing the stoppages on airlines and ferry companies.
He suggested that the UK's position in the scientific world would be best protected by searching for more alternatives to current, outdated approaches to medical development.
Professor Michael Balls, Chairman of the FRAME Trustees, immediately wrote to the paper, calling the claims "scaremongering at its absolute worst".
The letter was published in the newspaper on the day following the original report.
FRAME News
FRAME's ultimate aim is the elimination of the need to use laboratory animals in any kind of medical or scientific procedure. FRAME is dedicated to the development of new and valid methods that will replace the need for laboratory animals in medical and scientific research, education, and testing. Where the use of animals is currently necessary, FRAME supports the reduction of numbers involved to an unavoidable minimum and refinement of the experimental procedures to minimise any suffering caused. FRAME relies entirely on grants and donations to carry out its vital work promoting the development of new and valid methods that will replace the need for laboratory animals in medical and scientific research, education, and testing. It receives no financial support from local or central government. As an independent charity, FRAME welcomes any donation, however small, either from individuals or companies.
Published by FRAME Russell and Burch House, 96–98 North Sherwood Street, Nottingham NG1 4EE
FRAME relies heavily on its corporate sponsors for income to continue the search for alternatives to the use of animals in laboratories. Following recent press reports, some of our supporters were concerned that one of our sponsors appeared to condone animal research. We received a letter asking about one particular company that was named in the press in connection with testing overseas. In response, Professor Michael Balls, Chairman of FRAME Trustees, explained how important it is that the charity maintains links with all kinds of manufacturing companies. The company in question, Avon, has supported FRAME since 1981, when the charity first began laboratory work on alternative methods. With FRAME's influence and support, the company was able to replace animal skin tests with modern tissue cultures within only a couple of years.
two later, there were no animals, and the animal rooms had been replaced by a modern tissue culture facility, staffed by the previous animal technicians, who had been retrained!" Working with companies in such a way enables FRAME to share its expertise as well as learning about the commercial and legal pressures that bring about animal tests, which leads, eventually, to change. "Together, we have contributed substantially to progress in thinking about animal testing and cosmetics, and about the conduct of safety assessment without using animals. We have worked with them in a number of international, alternative test validation schemes." A full list of FRAME's corporate sponsors appears on the charity's website and is published each year in the Annual Report.
Professor Balls said: "The relationship between Avon and FRAME has had many other important consequences. For example, from the outset, FRAME learned a great deal about the safety assessment of cosmetics, and we were able to pass on our experience of nonanimal methods. "When I first visited the company in New York, in 1981, I saw guinea pigs being used in skin irritation testing. When I next went there a year or
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