text:
Sente 5 is an application that supports the management of academic references by enabling access to hundreds of worldwide on-line databases. Users simply input keywords into a search field and are returned a listing of matching references, some of which contain notes, full text, or PDF files of the reference content. PDFs can be downloaded and managed locally, on the user's computer. It is the ultimate tool for maintaining daily updates on new contributions to the literature in a given field or on a given subject. [...]
A series of informative videos (http://www.thirdstreetsoftware.com/site/videos.html) show how easily and quickly the program can gather valuable research references and content. Sente is the complete solution for scholarly and everyday research needs.
[Reprinted with permission from The Kleper Report on Digital Publishing <http://www.printerport.com/kdp>, copyright 2008, Graphic Dimensions, Lauderdale by the Sea, FL.]
August 2008 Archives
In the new version of the bibliography format editor in Sente, you can customize what gets shown in the preview pane so that you can more easily see how a given format will behave when it is used on a document.
For an example, let's look at the Chicago 15 N (Notes) format. In this format, one does not normally include a bibliography at the end of the document, so all of the important bibliographic detail has to appear in the first occurrence of a citation. After that, a much shorter version of the citation can be used.
In this article I am not going to talk about exactly how one defines a format to work in this way. Instead, I am just going to show you how you can customize the preview pane to help you preview this behavior.
By default, the preview pane includes one version of the in-text format and one of the bibliography format. For the Chicago format in question, this would look like this:
▼ Journal Article (JA)
[edit sample data]
John Allen Smith and others, "Fractals in Biological Systems," J Biol Chem 151, no. 22 (1999): doi:10.1006/ceth.2003.1354. http://www.jbiolchem.com/article/doi/10.1006/alpha.23.45 (accessed February 1, 2003).
Smith, John Allen, Randall Benjamin Jones, Alfred Carlyle Black, and Susan D. White. "Fractals in Biological Systems." J Biol Chem 151, no. 22 (1999): doi:10.1006/ceth.2003.1354. http://www.jbiolchem.com/article/doi/10.1006/alpha.23.45 (accessed February 1, 2003).
But this does not show you how the format will display a reference the second (or later) time it appears in your document. You could create a test document and scan it using this format, but that would be tedious. Instead, Sente lets you modify the preview to include an example of the in-text format when it appears in a subsequent occurrence.
To modify the previews, switch to the Advanced tab in the bibliography format editor drawer, where you will see something like this:
Here you can see that I have renamed the default In-Text context to "In-Text, first occurrence" and, using the Context Conditions pop-up menu, I set the active condition to be "first occurrence." I also created a second in-text preview and set the context to be "subsequent occurrence." One can create a preview with any combination of conditions, and the sample data will be displayed as they would appear in a real document when those conditions are encountered. When I create a preview with the condition "first occurrence in document," any element whose presence or absence depends on this condition will be turned on or off as specified.
I could have also removed the bibliography preview, given that one does not normally include a bibliography in Chicago Notes format, but I left it here in case someone finds it useful.
With these changes, the preview looks like this:
▼ Journal Article (JA)
[edit sample data]
In-Text, first occurrence
John Allen Smith and others, "Fractals in Biological Systems," J Biol Chem 151, no. 22 (1999): doi:10.1006/ceth.2003.1354. http://www.jbiolchem.com/article/doi/10.1006/alpha.23.45 (accessed February 1, 2003).
In-text, subsequent occurrence
Smith and others, "Fractals," 943-949.
Smith, John Allen, Randall Benjamin Jones, Alfred Carlyle Black, and Susan D. White. "Fractals in Biological Systems." J Biol Chem 151, no. 22 (1999): doi:10.1006/ceth.2003.1354. http://www.jbiolchem.com/article/doi/10.1006/alpha.23.45 (accessed February 1, 2003).
Now it is much easier to be sure that citations will be formatted correctly in the different contexts in which they appear.
You can create as many of these preview contexts as you want, and they are created on a format-by-format basis because different formats care about different things.
Here is another example of how using conditional elements in bibliography definitions can save a lot of time, and produce better results than you are likely to get without them.
In APA 5 (APA, Fifth Edition), like all of the author-date formats, in-text citations typically look something like this: (Smith, 1997). But things get more complicated, depending on the details of the reference. For example, these are also valid in-text citations in APA 5:
- (Smith, Jones, Black, White, and Grey, 1996) for the first occurrence of a reference, and
- (Smith et al., 1996) for the same reference in subsequent occurrences
- ("Summer Solstice," 1972) when there are no authors for an article
- (Western Slope Inns, 1981) when there are no authors for a book
There are many other variations, of course, but these will do for this example. Rather than talk about all of the details of APA in-text citations, I am going to focus on the use of different author list formats for the first and subsequent occurrences, and the substitution of titles for authors.
First, the rules for in-text citations are essentially the same for all reference types, so I created a component for the complete in-text citation that I then just use for all reference types. This means that I only have to get the details right in one place.
Next, just to keep things a little clearer in my head, I created a sub-component to handle the author names and titles. This component has four elements:
- One Primary Contributors element (like an Authors element, but see elsewhere for more information) with the proper name formatting for the first occurrence of a reference in a document (e.g., up to 5 authors, then et al.). This element is set ti be used only under the condition that this is the first occurrence of the reference in the document.
- A second Primary Contributor, with the name formatting set up properly for all subsequent occurrences (e.g., up to two authors, followed by et al.), and dependent upon it not being the first occurrence.
- An Article Title element to be included only if there are no primary contributors, but there is an article title.
- A Publication Title to be included only if there are no primary contributors and no article title.
That is really the core of the strategy. The component uses which ever version of the Primary Contributors element is appropriate in context (first occurrence or subsequent occurrence), and a fall-back cascade to use article title or publication title as appropriate if there are no primary contributors.
One side note, by using Primary Contributors instead of Authors, I automatically get whatever contributors are flagged as "primary." For most journal articles and books, this would be the authors. But for any reference where I have indicated that some other contributor should be considered "primary," those contributors will automatically be used both here in the in-text citation as well as in the bibliography. So when I decide to cite a particular recording by conductor rather than composer, the format automatically handles it for me.
To help people who need to create or modify bibliography formats, I will be posting some examples of how to handle the complexities one actually encounters in real-world bibliography formats.
Here is an example of how you can use conditional elements when creating or modifying a bibliography format in Sente.
In Chicago 15 AD (author-date), the formatting of volume, issue and pages for a journal article can get a bit complicated. Here are some examples of how this information can appear (in each case below ABCD=journal, volume=12, issue=34, pages=56-78):
- ABCD, no. 34:56-78.
- ABCD 12: doi:10.1006/berd.2006.2345.
- ABCD, no. 34.
- there should not be a space after the colon, unless both volume and issue exist
- issue is formatted differently, and is separated from the journal name by a comma, if there is no volume
- page numbers are replaced by the DOI if there is one
One way of implementing this using conditional elements would be to create a component and add the following elements to this component (in order):
- Volume, with a prepended space
- Issue (prepend: " (" and append: ")"), if there is a volume
- Issue (prepend: ", no. " and append: nothing), if there is not a volume
- static text: ": " (colon with a space), if volume, issue and pages all exist
- static text: ":" (just a colon), if pages exist, and at least one of, but not both of, issue and volume exist
- pages (no prepend or append text), if there is no DOI
- DOI (no prepend or append text)
- static text "." without conditions
This probably seems more complicated that it really is, and once this has been placed in a component, it can simply be used as a unit anywhere this is needed. And should you get it wrong in one detail or another, there is only one place where you would need to make the correction.
Now, you might be thinking that this all seems kind of complex, and you would be right. It is not as bad as it might seem, but it definitely is a bit complex. But the bottom line is that the Chicago format specification is complex, and this is about what it takes to handle it correctly.
As a point of comparison, I ran a few tests on a competing reference manager to see how it handles this very same format, and here is what I found for each of the examples above:
- ABCD 12 56-78. (space instead of colon)
- ABCD 12 (34): 56-78. (correct)
- ABCD (34): 56-78. (wrong issue format)
- ABCD 12 56-78. (missing colon, no substitution of DOI)
- ABCD (34): (wrong issue format, extra colon, missing period)
I suspect that the format definition in this other software could be improved with a bit of tinkering (I was using the format as distributed with the product), but I wonder whether this software can be made to handle complexities like this.
Of course, Sente's built-in formats are not perfect, but we are committed to making them as accurate as we can, so we keep adding features that enable us to handle the remarkable complexities we find in the world of bibliography formats.
New York: Columbia Univ. Press, 1926.
Gerber, Alan S., and Donald P. Green. "Social Pressure and Voter Turnout: Evidence From a Large-Scale Field Experiment." American Political Science Review 102 (2008): 33-48. Print.
Gerber, Alan S., and Donald P. Green. "Social Pressure and Voter Turnout: Evidence From a Large-Scale Field Experiment." American Political Science Review 102 (2008): 33-48. JSTOR. Web. 13 Jan. 2008
We have recently released an updated version of the Chicago styles (in Sente 5.6.5). There is one aspect of these new styles that I believe we have handled correctly, but which I expect users to dislike; namely the handling of DOIs in bibliography entries. I am hoping to generate some feedback from some users of the Chicago styles.
The Chicago Manual of Style (15th Edition) (CMOS) only mentions DOIs in two sections:
- Section 17.14 talks at a high level about how the University of Chicago Press considers DOI "promising" as a tool for easily identifying articles.
- Section 17.181 (under the heading of Electronic Journals) says: "If there is a digital object identifier (DOI) for the source (see 17.14), include it in place of page numbers or other locators." (Emphasis added.)
This means that a proper Chicago 15 bibliography entry for a journal article with a DOI would include journal name, volume number plus DOI -- no page numbers. This means that instead of this:
Gerber, Alan S., and Donald P. Green. "Social Pressure and Voter Turnout: Evidence From a Large-Scale Field Experiment." American Political Science Review 102 (2008): 33-48.
the new version of Chicago 15 NB (Notes + Bibliography) produces this:
Gerber, Alan S., and Donald P. Green. "Social Pressure and Voter Turnout: Evidence From a Large-Scale Field Experiment." American Political Science Review 102 (2008): doi:10.1017/S000305540808009X.
This rule applies to all three of the Chicago styles.
According to the CMOS, there is no way to include both page numbers and a DOI; the only supported options are to present either one or the other.
(By the way, one might argue that because 17.181 falls under the heading of Electronic Journals, this rule would not apply to articles that also appear in print journals. But in the first paragraph of 17.181, the authors seem to indicate that their discussion of page numbers below covers journals that have a print version as well as on-line versions.)
Now, DOIs are very important for Sente. They are by far the best identifier for uniquely identifying a reference, so we want to have them in the reference whenever possible. But, according to CMOS, when we have them we should not include page numbers in the bibliography entries.
Personally, I think that omitting page numbers in favor of a DOI is a bad design decision, and I would like to see the format modified to support the inclusion of both items, but that is not our decision to make.
The best option I see is to change the logic of the Chicago format to favor page numbers, but to include the DOI if the reference does not have page numbers. This would mean that most references would have page numbers in the bibliography rather than a DOI (which is certainly a loss), but in cases where the user was working from a PDF where the page numbers are meaningless (e.g., "1-6") the DOI would be used instead. This contradicts the literal interpretation of the CMOS, but it would produce legal output.
Before I make such a change to our built-in Chicago formats, I would like to get some feedback from anyone who regularly uses these styles. Would you prefer that the styles work the way they do now (i.e., following the letter of the law), or would you prefer us to change them along the lines of my proposal? Or do you have another idea about how this issue should be handled?
Sondheim, Stephen, comp. Passion. Cond. Paul Gemignani. Orch. Jonathan Tunick. Perf. Donna Murphy, Jere Shea, and Marin Mazzie. Angel, 1994. CD.
Gemignani, Paul, cond. Passion. Comp. Stephen Sondheim. Orch. Jonathan Tunick. Perf. Donna Murphy, Jere Shea, and Marin Mazzie. Angel, 1994. CD.
Welcome to the Sente blog.
Over time I (and possibly others here at Third Street Software) will be writing articles about various topics related to Sente, academic reference managers, bibliographies, etc. and posting them here.
I decided to start this blog because I know from our support email and public forums that there are quite a few people out there who think about these topics a lot, and I wanted a better place than the support forum for initiating discussions on these subjects.
Many of the topics that I expect to write about at first will be bibliography-related, due mostly to the fact that I have been spending so much time lately on this aspect of Sente. We have introduced a number of important new features in this area of the program and, while the manual will soon be updated to document these new features, I think some are important enough to be discussed here.
I expect to expand the range of topics to include anything related to the discovery, acquisition, organization and use of academic literature, because these are all central to the purpose and design of Sente.
I hope that you find something of interest here, and I would like to welcome you to comment on any of the posts. (Unfortunately, you will need to create yet another account for the blog, even if you already have one for our forums, because they are built using different software packages and we do not want to take the time to make them use the same list of accounts. Sorry for the inconvenience, but this will let us focus our development time on Sente.)
Also, if you have any suggestions for topics you would like to see discussed here, please let us know either through the forums or our support address.


text:
This article is an open-access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).
The Dutch Delta Program is currently developing new government policies for flood protection and fresh water supply. Decision support instruments have to address the program's technical and political complexity. The water system functions are highly interwoven and would benefit from an integrated approach on a national level, with decisions supported by a scientific Systems Analysis. Politically, there is a tendency towards broad participation and decentralization, and decision-making is typically supported by Conflict Resolution methods. To connect these two sides of the Delta Program's task, an outline is presented of an internet community-based interactive instrument, preliminarily named SimDelta. On-line interactive maps and elements of serious gaming intuitively provide local Delta Program participants insight into the interaction between scenarios, problems, and solutions. SimDelta uses the internet to more frequently and efficiently present conceptual designs by architects and engineers to the Delta Program stakeholders, record their preferences, and "crowdsource" corrections, improvements and new ideas.
Spatial planning methods aim to solve spatial problems by identifying solutions, estimating their effects on various factors or functions, establishing criteria to judge these effects and getting value-based input from the relevant stakeholders, to support policy decisions (definition after Walker [
The case for this paper is the Rhine-Meuse river delta, stretching about 200 kilometers from the Dutch western coast inland and 200 kilometers from south to north. Water management in the Netherlands is advanced. Hundreds of millions of euros per year are spent to maintain and improve the primary system (sea, large rivers and main lakes) [
Most water resource planning efforts aspire to be rational and are therefore similar in their fundamentals [
Categorization of planning methods (
Strong leadership and well-defined problems can result in easy-to-use legal requirements. When a detailed planning analysis is too expensive or impractical, projects often use previously established requirements or norms. The flood protection standards in the Netherlands were originally based on a benefit-cost analysis [
A multi-criteria analysis extends further than a benefit-cost analysis by adding non-monetary criteria and weights to the criteria, derived from values held by different stakeholders. Among the used tools are scorecards [
Often enough, water systems are so far developed and political positions are held so firmly, that even when an "objective" systems analysis provides "evidence" for smart investments, still no action is taken, because of Game Theory-like stalemates, modeling uncertainties or communication and visualization difficulties. Lund writes: "where the water resource problem involves fundamental political conflicts among objectives, multi-objective analysis cannot resolve those conflicts, only make them clearer" [
Serious gaming can be defined as "experimental and/or experiential rule based, interactive (modeled) environments, where players learn by taking actions and by experiencing their effects through feedback mechanisms deliberately built into and around the game" [
Serious gaming evolved behind the decision sciences: operations research, systems analysis, and public policy analysis. In the 1950s, economists and social scientists introduced social aspects in the decision sciences, but they remained predominantly mathematically oriented. In the 1970s, systems analysis models started to receive fierce criticism. In 1973, Douglass Lee wrote his Requiem for Large Scale Models, addressing fundamental limitations of computer modeling and naiveté of modelers about the world of politics and planning. Studies from political science, management science, and organizational behavior had demonstrated that policy-making was not comprehensive, rational, and linear, but rather bounded, political and incremental. Lee's "seven sins" are useful to keep in mind (even though today's computers are faster than Lee imagined): "hypercomprehensiveness, data hunger and grossness, wrong-headedness, complicatedness, mechanical-ness and expense" [
In 1986, the RAND Corporation's Garry Brewer, who shared Lee's criticism of modeling in the 1970s, started to promote Policy Exercise, a tool with roots in early forms of serious gaming. Exercises and system simulations under various future scenarios advanced further with emerging environmental problems and climate change since the 1980s. Many environmental issues had an unprecedented large scale, high degrees of complexity and uncertainty, and needed new forms of communication to facilitate "a constructive negotiation among scientists and between scientists and policy stakeholders" [
It seems that serious gaming is an education and communication layer over a planning model, or a bridge between two models, for example multi-criteria analysis (usually preferred by scientists) and conflict resolution (comfortable for many politicians and stakeholders). Mayer suggests that policy gaming "integrates technical-physical complexity with social-political complexity" [
The reviews of planning methods and serious gaming have shown that communication between systems analysis with the "real world" deserves special attention in policy-making. The third and fourth sections of this paper explore available advancements in information and communication technology to support this connection. The next section presents the Dutch Delta Program, currently developing new policies for the interconnected rivers, canals, lakes and estuaries of the Rhine-Meuse delta.
At the end of 2007, a national committee was established to examine climate change threats and to unite and profile the Dutch water sector nationally and internationally. A year later this Delta Committee presented several solutions for flood risk, fresh water supply and water related ecological problems expected in 2050 and 2100 [
Around that time, various scientists in hydraulic modeling and policy analysis wrote about not only the need for more alternatives, but also for smaller time steps and more future scenarios. Not one single best solution, but "portfolios of flood management activities" will most effectively reduce risk [
The Dutch government followed-up on the Delta Committee in 2009 by launching the Delta Program. The first publications of this large organization focused on the long term [
Adaptive Management as a planning method originated in the ecosystem sciences in the 1970s [
The recently adopted Delta Law establishes a Delta Fund in 2012. The fund will finance improvements to the Dutch water infrastructure with structural measures, such as flood defense modifications, altering or adding a river section, building or redesigning civil engineering works such as an operable barrier or a pumping station, improving fresh water supply by adding or modifying a canal, pipeline or storage basin, or non-structural measures, as changing building codes for unembanked areas, pricing fresh water or altering operations of a barrier or pumping station. Between the years 2020 and 2028, 2.4 billion euro is available for new projects, on top of 4 billion euro for maintenance and 3.6 billion euro for already allocated projects [
Which projects will be chosen for a given financial budget? In a democracy, public projects are selected based on a well-informed representation of a majority of the population. Combining this with adaptive planning, the objective for the Delta Program could be to determine which projects and policies for flood risk and fresh water supply, between 2020 and 2028, will be preferred by a majority, well informed on the wide range of options and scenarios on the long-term, and collectively willing to take the risks that come with each alternative.
This objective contains the technical-physical system, subject to uncertainties in long-term forecasts, and the social-political system, where the pros and cons of possible decisions have to be understood by the many stakeholders.
This conceptual "options tree" illustrates the objective for the Delta Program as stated in this paper. A particular difficulty is how to relate the measures (or actions) to be implemented between 2020–2028 to long term options and uncertainties.
Starting point for the physical Rhine-Meuse problem and solution space is the current three-dimensional geometry of the water system, including the operational regimes of control objects, such as dam outlets and storm surge barriers. Current available geo-information is vast and the operational regimes of the control objects are clear [
River discharge, storm surge characteristics and wind conditions interact with each other in complicated ways. Climate change scenarios add another level of uncertainty and complexity to the hydraulic boundary conditions. When we know the system geometry (including the operation of control objects) and probability distributions of the hydraulic boundary conditions [
The Delta Program and the Dutch water knowledge institute Deltares are currently developing the Delta Instruments, containing the Delta Model, a comprehensive model of the Dutch water system, effect modules and a comparative framework [
Scheme of the Dutch Rhine-Meuse water system. The water types are classified by the possibility to control the water levels and flows. Coastal waters are beyond any human influence, inland canals can be fully controlled.
First: minimize flood risk and maximize the acceptance of risk reducing measures. Evaluating flood risk requires flood probabilities and flood consequences. The overall flood probability of a dike section follows from how probability distributions of hydraulic conditions relate to overtopping- and failure probabilities [
A simpler approach is the prevailing requirements-based Dutch flood standard system, as dictated by national law [
Second, maximize the acceptance of flood risk in unembanked areas. These areas can be compared to flood prone coasts and valleys world-wide. Flood consequences are usually less severe than when a diked bathtub below sea level would be inundated, and the flood probabilities are usually higher. Unembanked flood risks in the Netherlands are fairly small, but not insignificant [
Third: fresh water supply, in which we combine the Delta Model functions fresh and healthy water, agriculture, fresh water supply for drinking and industry, and cooling water. There are many ways to approach this function. A way to formulate the objective is to minimize the risk of fresh water shortage damage. Water intakes transfer fresh water from rivers and lakes to polders, for agriculture and other functions. These are sometimes shut down when the outer water is too salty (or too polluted, or too saturated with algae,
Fourth: minimize shipping risk, or maximize navigability. Shipping risk is the summed probability of shipping delay times the delay costs, plus the total probability of water depth decrease (in times of drought) times cargo capacity loss costs, integrated over all projected shipping movements [
Complexity is in the details, such as lock capacities and dredging costs, and of course in the uncertainties of climate and economic scenarios affecting capacities and demands. Risk projections are highly iterative. When for example a dam is built in one branch, ships will take another branch, which will increase resistance to adding a moveable barrier in that branch or to a relocation of port activities, leading to different ships cruising over that branch, and so forth.
These objectives are fairly complex in themselves. Complexity of the system as a whole, increases because of interactions between the functions, such as shown in
Some interactions between four main water infrastructure functions.
Summarizing, the technical-physical complexity of the Rhine-Meuse delta lies in the water system modeling difficulties, the fragmentation and detail of the objectives, the interaction among the objectives, the uncertainties of future scenarios and therefore the exploding number of iterative cycles when projecting and designing into the future.
Theoretically all of this could be modeled and, in the face of uncertainties, a model user could pick his favorite path into the future. However, there is no single decision-maker; decisions emerge from contributions by a large group of diverse and dynamic stakeholders.
To the complexity analysis we started in the previous section, two socio-political elements can be added: First, non-quantifiable and hidden objectives; Second, the large number of active contributors, providing a large load of knowledge, ideas and preferences.
In policy-making reality, often an alternative chosen is not the best one according to a benefit-cost analysis. For example, some of the Room for the River projects provide safety in a more expensive way than dike enforcements [
In theory, non-quantifiable objectives can be modeled in a mathematical systems analysis. For example, the river dike improvements in the early 1990s successfully used "LNC-values" (landscape, nature and culture) in a multi-criteria analysis [
A second socio-political aspect is the many involved contributors to planning of the Rhine-Meuse delta. Influential scientists and politicians observe many relevant stakeholders and express the wish for still more involvement. Chairman of the Delta Committee Cees Veerman says: "I believe in the power of the people, in bottom-up innovation", and: "the whole decision-making-pyramid should be turned upside-down, we should put as much decision-power with the locally involved residents; that is modern governance!" [
This inspiring vision has a downside. More participation can lead to high process management costs, higher chances for stalemates, a lower technical level of the discussions and confusion about roles. The Delta Program for example sometimes invites high-school children to workshops. The question is whether they should participate with knowledge and ideas, or be asked about their values.
A centralized government could consult the public, but remain in charge, the way a company does consumer research, but not have the consumers manufacture their products. In the Netherlands however, not only deciding what should be done is being decentralized, also how to do it [
These two phenomena float on a larger undercurrent described by the theory of Reflexive Modernization. In "modernized modern society", the emancipation of the individual and the multiplication of possible forms of community weakened institutional boundaries, such as around the nation state and the central government [
Sociologists recognize this as a particular problem. Epistemologists Collins and Evans call it "the problem of extension", which they try to solve by recognizing various levels of expertise in different corners than traditionally acknowledged [
Summarizing and concluding
The development of the Rhine-Meuse delta is complex, both technical-physically, because of the many different kinds of uncertainties, and socio-politically, because so many people are involved, often with hard-to-quantify and hidden objectives. A practical starting point to handle the technical complexity would be a water system model, producing outcomes for economic analyses and local concepts by engineers and architects. Starting point for the socio-political part could be to put a significant number of stakeholders in a well-informed position to choose between (and criticize) a significant number of alternative solutions to a number of problems. The Delta Program is currently working on this by respectively the Delta Instruments, the regional delta programs and the bridge between the Delta Instruments and the regional stakeholders, the Delta Portal. This paper claims that this bridge is crucial, and deserves innovations from the domains of serious gaming and internet communities.
We will now try to answer two questions. First, which benefits over current policy-support methods would internet-based interactive software provide, and second, if anyone would want to build such a tool for the Rhine-Meuse delta, how to do this and where to start. For simplicity, we will name the proposed "internet community-based gaming-like interactive model" from here on "SimDelta".
The added value of SimDelta to current Delta Program policymaking would be twofold. First: interactive maps can explain a complex system of scenarios, problems and solutions faster and more intuitively than reports and presentations. Second, many stakeholders can be served at lower cost more frequently using the internet than with workshops. Whenever they want and wherever they are, they can explore the Rhine-Meuse problems and solutions, leave comments, drop additional ideas or answer questions by other users.
Let's recall this paper's objective for the Delta Program. The planning question could be taken as how to match the supply of possible projects to the demand for them. The successful websites Google, Facebook and E-Bay do just that. These sites mediate supply and demand with a standardized language, easy access, filtered information, and processes that do not get lost after use, but keep improving.
Interactive maps provide both the suppliers (engineers, architects and other designers) and the consumers (the stakeholders) with sufficient understanding of the system to come up with feasible designs and to make well-informed choices. A project can then be chosen for two reasons. It can do well in the systems analysis (the "semi-objective" part), presented with interactive maps and supported by downloadable background documents. A project can also inspire by attractive visualizations, a good "story" and good marketing (the more subjective elusive part), similar to how products, companies and projects are nowadays promoted, increasingly effective over the internet.
Non-interactive communication such as reports, can only transfer and standardize a limited "cognitive load". The Delta Program so far works with two years (2050 and 2100), two climate scenarios (35 and 85 cm sea-level rise), two economic scenarios and a limited number of alternative solutions. For stakeholders, ranging from members of Parliament to citizens near project locations, it will be hard enough to deal with this number of variables, however limited it is. For the Delta Instruments and for SimDelta it should be no problem to process many alternative-scenario combinations once the frameworks have been set up. When the model is working properly, the limits of the generated data are not set by the model itself, but by the maximum load that can be effectively communicated to the stakeholders.
Future pathways are often represented by decision trees [
Of course, there are disadvantages and pitfalls. Lee warns of Large Scale Model Sins [
Policy support models have to be wary of incorporating too much detail—diagram from Walker and Haasnoot [
Encouragement comes from The Wisdom of Crowds, by James Surowiecky: "large groups of people are smarter than an elite few, no matter how brilliant—better at solving problems, fostering innovation, coming to wise decisions, even predicting the future" [
Building an intuitive and attractive interactive model in which stakeholders can pick their favorite projects designed by engineers and architects and see their estimated costs and effects, for a case as large as the entire Dutch water system, stretching far into the 21st century, under various climate and economic scenarios, is an extensive task. The ultimate goal, stakeholder preference analysis (to support democratic decisions on water infrastructure improvements to be implemented in the Netherlands after the year 2020—see the objective in
The base block contains the system model. Various general methods are available for complex systems modeling [
To retrieve statistical information on stakeholder preferences with SimDelta, five "blocks" of activities (interactive software development) have to be constructed on top of the Base Block, the system model.
Block 2 is an intuitive and attractive user-interface. Between 2005 and 2007, the Dutch project Room for the River developed a software tool, called the Box of Building Blocks (Blokkendoos—here "blocks" are spatial projects), to discuss all 600 possible Room for the River measures with the stakeholders. The software has excellent features, from sand extraction profit calculations to aerial photos. For many stakeholders however the user interface looks old-fashioned and will present too much information in a too technical way.
Block 2—intuitive and attractive user-interface. Users can click on objectives and scenarios, build projects or change a policy and immediately see the state of "their delta".
Some people might consider Block 2 just a layer of paint over a serious system model for which one would simply hire a graphic designer at the end of hard modeling work. However, a good user interface requires the difficult tasks of simplification and forcing oneself to identify with an inexperienced user. It takes many iterations to reach a really intuitive user-interface. The best interface designs are made by people who understand both sides the interface connects.
Stakeholders such as politicians do not need to understand detailed physical system complexity to be able to choose among alternative solutions. For example, the absolute or relative design water levels are a step in between problems and solutions; only the flood risk and the pros and cons of safety-improving solutions really matter. However, using the model becomes easier and more fun when some of the underlying system is understood. When a good user interface is in place, this can be used to design a tutorial or "educational plug-in". The tutorial contains extra images and animations that explain, for example, the origins of the design water levels in the lower river system (which appears to be difficult to many stakeholders). Furthermore, the more users of the model understand some of the backgrounds, the more will discover errors or give suggestions for improvements.
Block 3 will be particularly useful for architects and engineers who contribute to Block 4: conceptual spatial designs, such as multifunctional levees, surge barriers and river expansions. In workshops and meetings where designers meet water experts, time often must be spent explaining how the water system works. Designers" energy can get lost on large scale solutions that are either obvious to water experts, or impossible. The contribution of the designers lies mostly in local solutions (visualized as in
Block 4—drawings by engineers and architects: (
The first four blocks serve to make the system understandable and show the many projects that could be built in the coming century. It is more fun to navigate through this space when there is a budget to build projects with, and when indicators measure ones performance on the model objectives (as illustrated in
Block 5 introduces the gaming elements "budget" and "outcome indicators" (here for example on safety, ecology and other scores).
With budget and outcome indicators, SimDelta so far has seven of the nine characteristics of serious games described by Mayer and Zhou. It is "flexible and reusable, immersive, authoritative, transparent, fast and easy, integrative and communicative" [
The two remaining characteristics are "dynamic" and "interactive". "Dynamic" here is defined as "able to show the performance of various alternatives in relation to preferences and behavior of other stakeholders". "Interactive" means that the model is "able to support the negotiation process among stakeholders" [
Connecting stakeholders through serious gaming is often done by putting a group of people in one room, and have them play and discuss at the same time, happening a couple of times a year. On-line communities with physically separated users can serve more users more frequently and probably against lower costs per stakeholder. However, user input over the internet can get polluted by unserious users. This could be covered by a user admission procedure, or filtered in various ways (a possible filter could be the current 'Deltaweb', see
A mayor represents more than one vote from a particular location and an action group chairman represents a number of voices with a particular background. An advanced model could use user profiles to weight contributions of different users. Even so, SimDelta will never replace a representative democracy. It can only relate user backgrounds to user contributions and thus serve as an opinion poll. Furthermore the crowdsourcing mechanism will contribute to allocating additional design efforts and to determine research agendas.
Block 6—multi-player usability with access through the Deltaweb (
Crowdsourcing in Block 6 contributes to the inevitable flaws and inaccuracies of Block 1. The accuracy and resolution of the underlying systems model is important, but not necessarily crucial. What ultimately matters are the choices, criticisms and proposed alternative ideas by all participants: each one with a particular level of knowledge, creativity and democratic contribution (see
If enough stakeholders join the pool, their aggregated contributions will result in either: (1) too much criticism or too many alternative ideas. Analyzing this will give suggestions for further research, development and design priorities; (2) too dispersed choices. This will lead to maintaining the status quo until new elements are introduced in the system, such as new ideas or new scenarios; (3) enough convergence to support the government to decide on a thorough investigation of particular short-term projects (see
These three possible outcomes more or less correspond to the official government MIRT-research procedure outcomes [
Crowdsourcing is not only used to poll democratic preferences, but also to perpetually self-correct and self-improve. The original systems analysis attempt, to "depoliticize complex and highly political decisions" [
In a SimDelta session budgets and scenarios can vary. Many user sessions together result in a distribution of chosen paths (series of choices) up to 2100. This long-term distribution will probably diverge. If short-term choices converge, they can support a political decision.
Technically it is possible to make SimDelta, combining technologies from systems analysis software, interactive websites and serious games. Feasibility might mostly depend on how the concept relates to other methods or groups providing decision support.
System engineering specialists model parts of the entire puzzle, such as determining economically optimal flood standards, flood risks or fresh water supply. This group will welcome integrating tools such as the Delta Instruments and SimDelta. They understand and appreciate the systematic thinking, and gladly see their part of the entire puzzle integrated in the larger extent. With an interactive user interface their contribution can be challenged by the comments of users with detailed knowledge of a particular geographical location. Specialists sometimes warn that integrating tools like SimDelta are too complicated and too much work.
Process managers believe that in a well orchestrated process, with enough meetings among officials, stakeholders, specialists and designers, good ideas will eventually find their way to decision makers. Meanwhile, people get to know each other and do "joint fact finding", enabling a smoother transition from the conceptual phase to the subsequent planning and execution phases [
Spatial planners, landscape architects, engineers, urbanists and architects are obviously better skilled in visualization and generally more creative than modelers and managers. A visual model explaining the water system will help designers to understand the system better, so more could come up with creative alternative solutions in the basic system model block (such as an entire new river where no specialist had thought of before). Second, they will produce better conceptual local designs (
Decision support is traditionally offered to politicians and other stakeholders, such as companies or interest groups with a single objective like port development or ecology. This primary user group of SimDelta will contribute with the most exciting choices and comments. Politicians and interest groups are interested in the citizens they represent and to whom they have to explain their decisions, so involved citizens could just as well be asked to use SimDelta. Furthermore, while the specialists, managers and designers browse SimDelta to supply ideas and comments, they are at the same time Dutch citizens with interesting opinions.
The more users SimDelta will have, from any corner of society, the more valuable the gathered information will be to the primary stakeholders. In contrast to participation workshops, for SimDelta, serving more stakeholders is hardly more expensive (one of the web 2.0 competitive advantages [
SimDelta provides stakeholders and citizens insight into scenarios, problems and solutions, and also in other stakeholders. This should make them more cooperative, better able to formulate criticism and to present alternative ideas. Politicians believing in Veerman's "decision-making-pyramid turned upside-down" [
At the supply and the demand side, some people will believe that the current planning process and our current shared understanding of the system are already clear enough, transparent enough and effective enough. Others are more critical. Some will welcome the process to be demystified, others will feel threatened. For each, SimDelta would not replace current practice, but add to it. E-Bay and Facebook are successful, but flea markets and pubs still exist.
A water infrastructure system is never finished. Planning support instruments also evolve over time, but the fundamentals will probably remain the same. The comprehensive Dutch Delta Program is supported both by the methods of Systems Analysis, modeling technical and economic aspects on a national level, and Conflict Resolution, to address the many local interests. Adaptive Planning is introduced to deal with changing circumstances. An instrument combining these three methods would model the interaction between scenarios, problems and solutions, be highly open to changes and improvements, and easily accessible by a large group of participants.
Advances in serious gaming and internet communities spark ideas for interactive software to compose one's own delta, similar to the game "SimCity". A "SimDelta" would start with the current Dutch water system, and then present feasible solutions to problems showing up under various future scenarios. A click on a solution presents more detailed designs by engineers and architects, to involve hard-to-quantify additional benefits, such as landscape quality, innovative technologies, or smart combinations with other public functions. SimDelta could be used by single users or groups, and would have forums for discussion.
Ideally, all knowledgeable and creative people in the field deliver SimDelta content, and all relevant stakeholders make their choices very seriously. If every participant completes his background profile accurately, SimDelta can provide decision-makers with statistical relationships between stakeholder properties, and their criticisms and preferences. In reality however, such an instrument will never be complete, nor will it be flawless. It takes time to become widely known, and still many people will not want to participate for many thinkable reasons. Interest groups might try to abuse SimDelta. Data accuracy will always be a subject of discussion.
In current policy making, different decision support activities compete with each other. This appears messy, but could also be seen as a democratic balance of power or a healthy competitive market. A new instrument like SimDelta will have to gradually gain support and evolve. A first step to take would be to limit the number of scenarios, problems and solutions, the geographical region to focus on, and the number of stakeholders to engage.
Thanks to everyone who contributed with ideas, criticism and reviews, especially Jay Lund, Warren Walker, Floris Hammer, Jos Timmermans, Maurits Ertsen, Maarten-Jan Kallen, Matthijs Kok and Han Vrijling.
All drawings and diagrams are made by Ties Rijcken unless indicated otherwise.

subset: commoncrawl


text: This article or section is a Stub about Lore. You can help AoCWiki out by expanding it. This article is related to the Hyborian world but might not necessarily be something that is part of the Age of Conan game itself. Conan's father. Apparently trained with A blacksmith from {noob area} Retrieved from "http://aoc.wikia.com/wiki/Corin?oldid=52436" Ad blocker interference detected! Wikia is a free-to-use site that makes money from advertising. We have a modified experience for viewers using ad blockers Wikia is not accessible if you've made further modifications. Remove the custom ad blocker rule(s) and the page will load as expected. Categories: Stub/Lore Characters Add category Cancel Save


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I've been wanting to make a "tree wall hanging" for a long time now and thought this would be a great time to do so, changing out leaves for flowers :) I ironed on the fusible web to 3 colors of fabric and then got out the Cricut!
I was able to cut 3 flowers with the Cricut but then it got stubborn and would not cooperate, so I hand cut the rest.
Then I peeled off the paper backing and ironed the tree and flowers to the front of the white fabric.
For the binding I used Rae's "pretend binding" tutorial at Made By Rae. Very easy to follow.
Here is what I thought was the finished product. But every time I looked at it, it was missing something.
These are closeups of the extras I added to the flowers.
Here is the mini quilt with tabs and below is the new version with added red buttons. I did not try any quilting in the white spaces as I was petrified of totally ruining the project. Would you have added some quilting? and if so, what type?
Now it is finished. Thank you so much for taking the time to visit my blog :) Please continue to see the rest of the hop :)


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So Sweet: Minnesota First Graders Have Sent "Get Well" Cards To Over 50,000 Strangers
Back in 1995, Minnesota first grade teacher Barb Bratvold asked her class to make "get well" cards for a guest speaker who had fallen ill. The students loved the project so much they asked to make more cards for people who needed cheering up, and the Evansville Elementary Kindness Club was born. Since its inception, the club has met twice a week to make colorful, personalized cards for over 50,000 people in their community. "The Kindness Club is a way to teach my kids that the world isn't all about them, there are people who are hurting" Bratvold told People. "Even though they're only in first grade, this is a way they can make a difference."
Kindness Club card recipients have included people dealing with serious illnesses or grieving the deaths of loved ones. Evansville resident Donna O'Malley received a large envelope full of handmade cards from the Kindness Club a week after her 23-year-old son died last winter. "It touched my heart that these young kids took the time to think about me and my son," she says. "I still have the cards on display in my sun room. I'll treasure them forever." Six-year-old Kindness Club member Hallie Richter explains how she makes her cards extra special: "I like to write 'I love you' on all of my cards and decorate them with lots of stickers. I hope they help people to get better faster." Faith in humanity restored. [People]


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PORT CHARLOTTE, Fla. – If you remember back to Gerrit Cole's first few months in the big leagues he was often a one-pitch pitcher. In his first few starts, 80 percent of his pitches were fastballs. For the season, two thirds of his offerings were fastballs. Now, it was a heckuva one pitch – a 96 mph fastball – velocity by a starter that perhaps only Kansas City's Yorando Ventura can exceed.
But no matter how hard you throw, it's tough to miss bats with four-seam fastballs. And Cole was having a difficult time missing bats until he found velocity separation with a curveball in September. Then he took off. He was so good he earned a Game 5 start in the NLDS as a rookie.
Cole's pitch usage for the 2013 season:
Pitch Pct.
Fastball 64.8
Slider 15.0
Curveball 12.4
Changeup 7.8
What's interesting is Cole's second best pitch, his strikeout pitch, coming out of UCLA was his slider. It was 90-mph with tilt, filth that buckled knees and made scouts swoon. But that pitch wasn't great in 2013. In fact, Cole essentially shelved it in September in favor of the curveball. You're probably familiar with his strikeout rate:
Mont K-rate
June: 4.07 (Yikes!)
July: 7.48
August: 7.3
Sept: 10.97 (Watch your back, Kershaw .. and you, too, Jose Fernandez)
See, it's off-speed pitches that miss bats.
Cole found one in September and he might might be rediscovering another this spring as I wrote about in today's Trib.
(Yes, Pirates fans, now is the time to be excited).
One issue with Cole last year from April through August is that everything he threw was too hard. I swear I saw him throw a 94 mph changeup at the Angles on the night he threw eight pitches 100+ mph last June, pumped up to throw before friends and family for the first time as a major leaguer in his native California. Still, the everything-too-hard-theory doesn't completely explain the lack of Ks. Randy Johnson threw two pitches including a 90 mph slider and struck out 300+ per season. No, I think Cole's slider also lacked proper shape, proper break in 2013. Too often it seemed flat.
That wasn't the case at UCLA, though. It was a monster pitch at times. And perhaps we saw it returning to that form Wednesday.
Two of Cole's three strikeouts came via the slider. He induced professional hitter Josh Willingham to swing and miss at the pitch twice. Small samples are dangerous in March. But one thing I think I've seen so far is better shape, better command of Cole's offspeed stuff.
"I threw some good ones to Willingham," Cole said of the slider. "The slider shape was good. I was trying to play a little bit with the shape of the slider (Wednesday). I left it up a couple times. … I'm trying make myself make those adjustments that I was able to make later in the year last year."
Imagine what Cole can be if he has the 96 mph fastball and two plus breaking balls with different shapes and speeds? Oh, he also throws a two-seam fastball and a changeup. You're looking at a potential five-pitch mix and perhaps three plus pitches and above average command.
Cole found a different level with the arrival of the curveball last season. If the slider comes, he can reach another level in 2014: that of a Cy Young contender.


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Urinary daidzein
On this Page
- Table 5.2.a. Urinary daidzein: Total population
- Table 5.2.b. Urinary daidzein: Mexican Americans
- Table 5.2.c. Urinary daidzein: Non-Hispanic blacks
- Table 5.2.d. Urinary daidzein: Non-Hispanic whites
- Table 5.2.e. Urinary daidzein: Total population (creatinine corrected)
- Table 5.2.f. Urinary daidzein: Mexican Americans (creatinine corrected)
- Table 5.2.g. Urinary daidzein: Non-Hispanic blacks (creatinine corrected)
- Table 5.2.h. Urinary daidzein: Non-Hispanic whites (creatinine corrected)
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Pichot is frustrated that Argentina have not been helped to develop by the International Rugby Board (IRB).
The South Americans are isolated from the traditional rugby powers and do not have an annual competition to play in.
Despite those handicaps they could give Australia a tough time when they meet the world champions in the opening game of the World Cup on Friday.
But Pichot believes the Pumas could pose a much greater threat if they were given more support by the IRB.
"The IRB need to decide what they want - a so-called World Cup, where the same four teams get to the semi-finals every time it is held, or a real competition where 16 teams have a chance to reach the quarter-finals," said Pichot.
"We did well to reach the last eight four years ago but since then we have had no help at all.
"Teams have come on tour but three important games a year is no good to anyone.
"Sometimes you have to forget about the economics and think about the game as a whole.
"And, because the major unions only care about themselves and finances, the lead has to come from the IRB.
"They are the only ones who can apply pressure for us to be allowed into the major competitions."
There have been calls for Argentina to play in the southern hemisphere Tri-Nations competition, while Pichot has suggested an Argentine side should take part in the Super 12 provincial tournament.
The current Tri-Nations and Super 12 television contracts are due to expire in two years and the IRB has hinted in private that change is being contemplated.
However, any alterations to the current structure would require approval from New Zealand, Australia and South Africa as well as the TV companies.


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Members of the BJPs youth wing on Friday demonstrated at the district collectorate for nearly an hour against administration inaction to curb accidents on city roads.
Around 30 members of the Bharatiya Janata Yuva Morcha, led by its city president Ratan Mahto, assembled at the district collectorate around 11.30am and shouted slogans against the administration for failing to regulate traffic and curb accidents in the city.
There has been a sudden rise in the number of mishaps during the rainy season, Mahto said, adding as many as six road mishaps had taken place in and around the city in the past 48 hours.
He listed the fatal combination of factors.
Reckless driving coupled with the administrations apathy has increased the risk factor on wet roads, he said.
Illegal parking, drunken driving, rampant flouting of traffic rules and lack of awareness were other reasons for the bloodspill on roads, he added.
On safety demands, he said: We want the district administration to fix a speed limit for heavy vehicles crossing the city. Also, the administration and the traffic police should work in sync to streamline vehicular movement.
According to data available with traffic police, around 5,000 heavy commercial vehicles use city thoroughfares daily.
Later, the BJP activists also submitted a memorandum to East Singhbhum deputy commissioner (DC) Amitabh Kaushal, seeking prompt action to reduce mishaps.
The DC promised steps to reduce mishaps. We will review the situation and come to the deputy commissioners office on next Friday. If the administration does not initiate any step by then, we will intensify our stir, Mahto added.
Records available with the police say that in the first six months of 2014 alone, the city witnessed as many as 55 fatal accidents. No less than 141 fatal accidents took place in Jamshedpur in 2013.


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Escape to this tropical resort on the south end of the island of Clearwater Beach overlooking the Gulf of Mexico. Ramada Inn Gulfview is within walking distance to miles of Clearwater's beautiful beaches, some of the whitest in the world. Gorgeous Gulf View... For a great location and a better price, all of our guestrooms enjoy a private balcony with beautiful views of the Gulf of Mexico or scenic views of the resort island of Clearwater Beach and the Intercoastal Waterway.
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I care about music, movies, and video games too much. I play Guitar and am teaching myself theory; would be down to jam if you play anything.
I like to stay busy; when I'm not working or doing school, I rock climb on and off, and work on my stand up comedy.
Animal collective, The Knife, Pixies, The Velvet Underground, Slint, Soft Machine, Sonic Youth, Pavement, Young Thug, Vince Staples.
Joanna FUCKING Newsome.
If you care, here's what i'm listening to: http://www.last.fm/user/Bijan400
No Country for Old Men, Shame, The Graduate, Blue is the Warmest Color.
I'm mostly reading History books right now. I could use some Fiction recs.
My mothers love.
My mothers love.
My mothers love.
My mothers love.
My mothers love.
I use to type "your" when I was suppose to write "you're" out of pure laziness, but everything changed when i realized i could drop the apostrophe and just write youre. The apostrophe made all the difference.
Here's a thought: Online Dating is kinda filling a niche left behind by arranged marriages. Not in the sense that we're obligated to marry one another, but in that we are meeting up with and talking to people with the pretense that we might fuck/date.


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May 2, 2013
| Video
Nail tech and salon owner Maisie Dunbar explains the ins and outs of underarm soy hair removal treatments.
May 1, 2013
| Blog Post
Is a machine the future of nail art?Last night, I attended a West Coast launch event for Tat'z Nail'z, a nail art printer that literally prints a completed design onto your nail (that's my machine-printed design
April 24, 2013
| Blog Post
I've gained a bit of notoriety around the NAILS office. Among my many other qualities, I am well-known for my magical ability to chip any fingernail polish within a max of approximately one hour from the
February 19, 2013
| Blog Post
Rebecca Minkoff's fall collection was inspired by the night sky and every woman's inner rocker – a perfect mix of chic and edgy. Essie created a simple nail art look to complement the fashions.To get the
New York City-based nail artist Miss Pop worked with Orly to create a sexy lace nail look inspired by fabric from Emerson's fall collection. "For the models' nails, we wanted to design a look that was
January 28, 2013
| Blog Post
UPDATED 2/28/13: We have seven Pampered Perch hand/footrests to give away! Leave a comment in our blog comments section along with your city, state, and e-mail address for a chance to win. We will
January 27, 2013
| Blog Post
For those of you who rely on Light Elegance for great gel products, you'll be happy to know that you can now rely on them for acrylics as well.Long-time nail industry veteran John Hauk partnered with Light
January 22, 2013
| Blog Post
UPDATED APRIL 2013: Here's the full step-by-step tutorial on Minx Underwear we promised you!When I first heard that Minx Nails was launching a new product called "Minx Underwear," my first thought was, "I know the company
December 3, 2012
| Blog Post
This week I am going to respond to both of Jill's last posts. First I will talk about how a referral program during the holiday season has helped us to stay busy during January and February.
November 14, 2012
| Blog Post
This is my friend Nicole before her wedding. This is her "something blue." We used royal blue, silver, and turquoise glitter. We're continuing our "Practice Now, Shine Later" series. Last week, I introduced you to Foil Nails for
November 12, 2012
| Blog Post
We know many of you share our love of the FingerNailFixer (the alias of Holly Schippers, an amazing and helpful nail tech from Bussey, Iowa), something that we see every day via the pageviews that Holly's
November 9, 2012
| Blog Post
That is a cool look, Jill. This look can be done in a variety of ways. It can be done with Gelish by following the steps below. 1. Sanitize your hands and the guest's. 2. Push back
November 1, 2012
| Blog Post
I recently finished up an article for NAILS Magazine's soon-to-publish December issue in which I interviewed nail techs on what accessories they were matching their clients' nails to — rings, purses, boyfriend's ties, etc. One new
October 29, 2012
| Blog Post
Here's the first technique in our "Practice Now, Shine Later" series. This tutorial presents step-by-step instructions on how to create Foil Nails. I have done this with Shellac gel-polish by CND. I think the same techniques
September 21, 2012
| Blog Post
Forty-two educators attended Dashing Diva's first ever National Educator Training Conference. At the Chicago event, the company was able to recognize some of its star performers.All of the educators participated in a competition applying Dashing Diva
InternatioNAILS: Germany20 photos
Cosmoprof North America 201758 photos
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Mariah Carey Says Somethin Music Video
Paris, France :: Feminine flasher Mariah Carey, 35, was in the City Of Lights this morning shooting her new music video for her latest single "Say Somethin" in a shiny vinyl hot pink trenchcoat, albiet super short. Singer/"Actress" Mariah Carey's "Say Somethin" music video was shot near the Petit Palais museum at the Les Champs Elysées (Elysian fields), aka "La plus belle avenue du monde" (the most beautiful avenue in the world). More pictures in the gallery!


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Clearfield police have identified a motorcyclist who died in a collision with an SUV.
Lt. Adam Malan said Wednesday that Joseph Dale Thomas, 22, of Roy, was killed in the Tuesday afternoon accident as he turned onto 700 South (State Road 193) from a southbound Interstate 15 off-ramp and collided with the black SUV.
The SUV, driven by a 33-year-old Pleasant View woman, was making a left turn onto 700 South from a gas station parking lot located on the corner of 1350 East and 700 South at the time of the collision.
The SUV's driver, who was treated for minor injuries at the scene, was not cited. However, police continued to investigate.
"The lead officer in the investigation will screen the case with the county attorney about what the charges may be, if there are any," Malan said. "It does appear, though, from several witnesses on the scene that speed was a factor on the motorcyclist's part."


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Coding fun
I met a friend via the forum that does coding. I got the cables and software but getting it working is a bear. He came by this week and we used his computer to do some coding on both of my cars with great results. We made a bunch of changes.
The biggest issue for me was getting the angel eyes to be DRLs. We also programmed the flash to be the HIDs.
I had replaced the AE lights with LEDs but getting them to be the DRL gives it a FaceLift look. We also added windows up from key fob, dash lights always on, digital speed on dash and some stuff on the F10 also.
I still need to get brighter LEDs but this was a great upgrade for my 6.
Sweet! Great job, I wish I had someone local to tap to get some things done.
Did it take long....because Imma try to code my 2012 BMW 325i tommorow
The software for newer cars (2010+ I think) is called E-Sys and is MUCH easier than for older versions.
PM me, I may have an idea.
Thanks bro...can you make a video of how to add windows up from key fob, digital speed on dash or can you send the codes ??
I don't know how to code but I do have the cable
E-sys is easier but both are very dificult to configure on a computer. My friend got me going using my cables and his computer. I'm still fighting to get my computers working with either version. :tsk:
I would start with some serious reading here. I can try to help but I am far from an expert yet.
Good luck and let me know if you get it working.
I've set this up and it is pretty cool to set the blinkers to display in the Head Up Display as well. Roseng, What step in the process is giving you difficulty on your computer. It's nice that you have a friend that already has it setup. I have an 07' so I'm using NCSExpert.
Nice. I have the setup working on my laptop running XP. I find that using XP is much better for the setup. Make sure you get INPA running first if your are using NCExpert. I'm planning on doing a few things like having the turn signals display in the HUD and the folding mirrors. I mostly have it though to diagnose issues when they do arise.
I have a question ...what if I miss up a code?? Will it effect anything ....& I herd it takes out the cars warranty is that true ??
I have NCS Expert set up along with INPA/DIS, etc. I've made changes to my e36, e39 & e63 & many other cars for friends & members of my local forum. It's actually quite easy once you go through the process a few times. I've even remotely logged in to another forum member's laptop to make a few changes for him. Obviously to do that the software & cables have to be in place.
As for coding bad info? Well if it is really bad the software goes into a fail safe mode & just writes the default build for that module if it detects bad code or blank code. You can cause issues with comms in the car if power dies in the laptop, but writ g a default code clears that up.
I would love to have AE as DRL but I think this option is only possible in LCI models. You should ask your friend to also program Welcome Lights.", you can choose which lights you want on when you unlock your car, this is Different from HomeLights (which can also be coded to work remotely with trunk release button on the key fob, see mine below). Welcome lights are only possible on LCI models too, Homelights work on both pre & post LCI cars.
There's loads of other things to code on e63/e60 like:
- Digital Speedo
- Comfort Eject for Key (no need to press key in to remove it)
- Acoustic acknowledge on lock/unlock
- Heated seat function display in iDrive
- Enable Aux port in iDrive for retrofit
- Enable iPod retrofit
- Autofold mirrors (where fitted) controlled via remote fob
- Rain close the sunroof
- Roll up/down windows from remote fob (enabled as standard on European models)
Probably a few I have forgotten about.
Can anybody make a video of how to code BMW 328i 2012 coupe because I don't want to mess anything up .....thank you
I am still not comfortable with the read, change file, load routine. I found another program ace near me and we are getting together Friday. I think he may get me over the hump. One issue is that there are not many e63/64s out there and many of the guides are written for e60 so you have to dig a bit deeper.
I think i'm close To success, as the computer and car are talking nicely.
Also the guides are helpful but not written well. They need a lesson in DIY from Yorgi.
Once I get that working and I feel comfortable with NCSExpert, I will try to tackle the f10 programming.
Be Careful!
Everything I have read says that it is very possible to brick your car. I'm not sure if anyone has really done that but...
I made a number of changes already with a co-pilot, but I want to be sure I know what I am doing before I get started on my own.
To be honest the bricked module stories are coming from people who were trying to update their software version with Progman or WinKFP. Coding is just changing parameters of a module to a limited set of options. If you try to change some to "active" instead of "aktiv" see what happens. It won't code as the value will not be accepted. If the laptop dies mid-coding then you can cause comms issues on the CAN bus but you can recover the situation by defaulting all parameters with NCS Expert, there is a procedure for this:
Password: bmwcoding.com
Some say you default a module by writing a blank FSW_PSW.MAN file to the module to default it but this is wrong, what happens is a "fail safe" kicks in (that I referred to earlier) & the parameters of the module are set to default.
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Roseng Glad to hear you have the car and computer talking. That is pretty much one of the hardest parts, grin. Let us know how it goes once you try the updates. Once you do it a few times it is pretty easy. If you step away from it for a while it takes some refresher time. Make sure you have the car on a charger as well. You don't want the battery going dead on the laptop or the car.
I ended up using the blank FSW_PSW.MAN file to reset all my defaults, whether or not this is by design or as rebel stated activates a failsafe to default codes I don't know, but it did work to reset everything to defaults.
Here is a File I found in one of the forums online, can't remember which one ot give credit too though. This will be handy for understanidng the acronymns used for the Modules.
Have fun.
Thanks for the PDF. I had already found this and many more documents from members that really helpful. Lots of good info but sorting through it is a challenge.
One document let us code the AEs as DRLs. From what I have seen, many of the expert coders did not know you could do this in pre-LCS cars. I found the instructions in a doc from one of the members. Really helpful, really cool.
I plan on a coding session this Friday and hopefully I will get the rest of the process sitting comfortably in my brain. Then I get to try E-SYS for my F10. Woo Hoo! :rofl:
2 Attachment(s)
A really useful tool to use along side NCS Expert for coding is NCS Dummy created by the use Revtorover on a rival forum, just google NCS Dummy Revtor & you'll find the thread. Revtor is regulary updating the tool adding more info & functionality.
What is NCS Dummy? What does it do?
- First off it acts as a translator
It gives the english translation of each parameter in a module.
- It identifies all the possible settings for each parameter, so no guessing needed
e.g. aktiv/nicht_aktiv, wert_01/wert_02, etc. The options for each parameter are not intuitive as it first seems in some cases, aktiv is not the only opposite of nivht_aktiv, panikalarm is an alternate option in one particular parameter
- You can use it to generate .MAN files for modifying parameters. It has an function with check boxes that you can tick to select desired options rather than spell it incorrectly.
You don't connect to the car with it, it is purely a post-processing tool. You can take FSW_PSW.TRC file that you have read from a module in your car using NCS Expert & run it through NCS Dummy to see what parameters & options are available for that module.
Even without any reading from a car you can see Module Function listings for any module. I have attached to outputs for two E60 light control moules:
- E60-LM_E60.C0E (C0E is the software version, LM2 is light control module 1)
- E60-LM2_E6X.C32 (C32 is the software version, LM2 is light control module 2)
The thread on the tool gives more info than above but I hope it at least gives some idea of the benefit of the tool.
AE as DRL
If you notice in the LM & LM2 files there is an option to have the AE as DRLs in LM2 but not in LM. From LM2, here's the DRL options:
LM2 Extract
LM Extract
I hope people find the info on NCS Dummy above useful & intresting. I think NCS Dummy is a must if you're planning on making the most of your coding abilities!
Rebel.Ranter, Yeah NCS Dummy is pretty easy to use to generate the update files. I brought it up a few times to check it out. I had already done all my updates by then though so I did not get to actually apply anything from NCS Dummy. I lost all my updates when they updated my software, so maybe I will use that this weekend to make the changes and add some others. Does anyone know if there is an option to display voltage, like the Digital speed option. I have not looked through all the modules yet to see. That would be a good feature for monitoring some of the electrical oddities with these cars.
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Parking Warnings For Saturday's Duke Game
Due to the large attendance expected for tomorrow's game at the Carrier Dome, the Syracuse Police Department is advising SU/Duke basketball fans to leave early for the game and to anticipate traffic delays.
Fans should avoid trying to park near the DOME unless you have a parking permit (all surface lots next to the DOME are permit only). If you don't have a parking permit and want to avoid traffic delays, use the Skytop parking complex located on East Colvin St. The Skytop parking can also be accessed from Ainsley Ave (off E. Brighton Ave). Fans should use the Ainsley entrance to the Skytop parking complex via route 481 to exit 1 (E. Brighton Ave) and follow the DOME parking signs to Ainsley Drive. A shuttle is provided which will transport fans from Skytop to the DOME, and back to Skytop after the game.
The Syracuse Police Department is also reminding motorists parking on the street to adhere to the parking regulations around the DOME. Illegally parked vehicles will be ticketed and will be towed if necessary. Ticket and towing fees can exceed $175.00.


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Find the best Garages and Car Repairs in Godalming with Who Can Fix My Car.
Enter your registration to compare prices and reviews and find a great garage today.
Find the best Garages and Car Repairs in Godalming with Who Can Fix My Car.
Quite possibly the best mechanic in the area, Gary is willing to go beyond the extra mile for his clients, my car needed saving after i foolishly left the lights on and Gary came and helped me out right away which was on top of what work he needed to do for me, i am extremely happy and i could not recommend anybody else but Complete Mechanics to my friends and family. Daniel
If I could give more stars I would ! The service from beginning to end was outstanding. The guys are very professional, courteous and their work is top notch....all for a sensible price that won't be beaten !
Gary was good to his word, not only diagnosing the strange noise straight away but picked my car up - fixed and returned, even with a smile Definitely recommended
Excellent service. Collected the car and returned within a day. Very efficient and competitive price. Will definitely use them again over Audi. Also a very professional service and polite manner that was much appreciated.
Fantastic service - honest, reliable and good communication! I'll be using them again and would definitely recommend
Communication was excellent throughout. Quick, efficient and friendly responses. Van was picked up for an mot and service and when extra work was required they phoned me to talk me through what was needed and why before they started. Van was them delivered back to me and had even had a mini valet. An excellent service.
Car collected, serviced, MOT'd and delivered back in a timely manner. Excellent communication throughout, honest and genuine customer service, all work appears to have been carried out to a good standard. Would definitely recommend / use again.
Great service from this garage, very pleased with the work
Extremely pleased with them. Would recommend. Honest people, great communication, quick and on time. Will call again! NOTE: Price includes MOT, lightbulb, tyre check, front track rods replacement and wheel alignment.
Very good service, very good communications and very pleasant engineers. A job well done for a good price. Recommended.
I could not be happier with the service, Fast professional and well priced work carried out to a high standard. Highly recommended Garage is in quite rural location but train station is 5 minute walk
Very happy with the work carried out by Robert. Done an excellent job and communication was excellent too. Highly recommend! Thanks again!
Excellent service. Andrew was polite and professional at all times. He done a fantastic job. I would recommend this highly skilled mechanic to anyone and I will be using his services again.
great job
Very knowledgeable guy, took all the required parts off to see if they could be repaired. As it turns out they couldn't so was given the part no's to purchase the new items I will need. No pressure to buy from him. He kept to the agreed price, although worked on the car longer. Also was able to fit in another find and fix, this time the 3rd light, boot operation and number plate lights malfunction. He isolated the error (a warn and broken cable) and undertook the repair. This has been fixed and now works as they should. Do give him a call.
Excellent service. Friendly and helpful,
Really professional and friendly garage would recommend them to anybody well done boys
I've used this garage for over 7 years and have never been disappointed by their work or price I've looked around when I need work doing but they always win out plus they are RAC recommended
Job completed at quoted price. Very happy.


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North Bay Air Museum at Sonoma Valley Airport - Sonoma, CA
April through Early-November:
Thursday through Monday - 10:00 AM to 4:00 PM
Mid-November through March:
Saturday and Sunday - 10:00 AM to 4:00 PM
Immerse yourself in the full WWII flight experience as you take to the skies in not one, but three beautifully restored and incredibly rare warbirds.
- Pilots have over 85 combined years of flying experience and are extremely passionate about vintage aircrafts
- Approximately 60 minutes of total combined flight time in an AT-6 Texan, a P40 Warhawk, and a P51 Mustang
- Amazing views of Sonoma's rolling hills and valleys
- These beautiful vintage aircrafts are extremely rare, so don't miss out on your opportunity to make the memories of a lifetime!
Immerse yourself in the full WWII flight experience as you take to the skies in not one, but three beautifully restored and incredibly rare warbirds.
Your day will begin with approximately 20-minute scenic flight in a restored North American T-6 Texan, a dual controlled advanced trainer aircraft. Take a personal peakinto how fighter pilots of the 1940's trained for their historic WWII careers as your pilot expertly maneuvers you through the sky.
Next you will advance to the P40 Warhawk, a beautifully restored warbird with real combat experience! Take to the skies in the very aircraft flown by Major Ray Melikian and credited with three markings of victory. With only 25 P40's left in existence, you will be flying in a real American treasure during this 20-minute excursion.
Finally, you will wrap up your day with an approximately 20-minute ride on the most famous of the WWII warbirds, the P51 Mustang. Sleek, sexy, and fast, commercial flights on these aircrafts are extremely rare. This is your opportunity to ride through the sky in the aircraft that symbolizes one of America's greatest achievements in air power!
For history buffs and aviation enthusiasts, this is not an experience to be missed. These vintage aircrafts are extremely rare and becoming more so every day, so what are you waiting for? Strap in!
Essential Information:
- Children must be at least 40 inches tall and children under 10 must be accompanied by an adult
- Price includes a souvenir flight jacket
Approximately 60 minutes of total combined flight time (20 minute AT-6 Texan flight, 20 minute P40 Warhawk flight, 20 minute P51 Mustang flight)
Maximum Participants:
1 passenger per plane
There is a picnic area for family and friends to watch the take-off and landing.
Weather Dependent:
This experience is weather dependent. Always contact the experience provider with any questions regarding weather conditions.
What to Wear:
Wear comfortable clothing appropriate for weather conditions. We recommend dressing in layers and avoiding windbreakers as they tend to fill with air. A cloth flying helmet and ear plugs are provided. If you would like to take a camera on board, please make sure it has a strap (leash) to secure around your wrist or neck.
Booking Information:
For this experience, it is recommended to request bookings at least 7 days in advance.
Cancellation Policy:
Prior to scheduling/booking a date for this experience, Cloud 9 Living's standard return and exchange policy shall apply. Once you have scheduled a date and received a booking confirmation, no refunds will be given. Rescheduling is allowed up to 72 hours prior to your experience, failure to appear on your booked date or to reschedule at least 72 hours prior to your booked date will result in the loss of the value of your experience. In the event your experience is canceled due to inclement weather you will reschedule your experience directly with your experience provider.
Experience ID:
Is it safe?
Safety is always a priority. Each aircraft is meticulously restored and maintained to meet the highest FAA maintenance standards. These aircrafts approved through the FAA's Living History Flight Experience.
Can I bring a camera or camcorder?
Yes, but your camera must have a strap. A camera with a wide angle or panoramic lens is best, but even a throw away camera will capture this unforgettable experience. A camcorder is ok as long as it is one of the smaller hand held types.
What should I wear?
Please dress appropriately for the weather and layers are recommended. White and/or fine clothing is not advised as oil is present around the planes. Sunglasses are also suggested.
What if my flight is cancelled due to weather?
Always contact the experience provider with any questions regarding weather conditions. If your flight is cancelled due to weather, you will reschedule directly with the pilot. It is always advised to give your experience provider a call prior to your scheduled flight to confirm weather conditions at the airport.
Other San Francisco Gift Ideas:(View all 105 San Francisco experiences)
- Gift CertificatesFrom: $50.00
- Bioluminescent Kayak Adventure in Tomales BayAvg Rating of: 5(3)From: $75
- Learn to Fly Big SurAvg Rating of: 4-half(12)From: $279
- Sunset Catamaran CruiseAvg Rating of: 4-half(40)From: $60
- Champagne Brunch CruiseAvg Rating of: 5(19)From: $102
- San Francisco Dinner CruiseAvg Rating of: 4-half(23)From: $165
- Napa Valley Hot Air Balloon RideAvg Rating of: 5(12)From: $239
- America's Cup SailingAvg Rating of: 5(4)From: $140
- Gourmet Chocolate TourAvg Rating of: 5(12)From: $55
- San Fran ULTRA Chocolate & Cocktail TourAvg Rating of: 4-half(7)From: $90
View All
San Francisco
ExperiencesAll San Francisco Experiences


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Our Guides
Our reputation is based on promoting top naturalist guides...
From a young age Thuto had the privilege of enjoying the superb wildlife areas of Botswana as his father was directly involved with tourism and conservation. This led to a childhood interest and exposure to the secrets of the wild. Continuing his education at Treverton College in the foothills of the majestic Drakensberg Mountains in neighboring South Africa, Thuto continued to fine tune and hone his natural bush skills and passion for the wilderness through hiking, walking trails and horse riding. After school, he attended a full time Travel & Tourism course, also undertaking volunteer work at Hluhluwe Imfolozi Game Reserve before returning to Botswana.
Beginning his career at Khama Rhino Sanctuary he quickly moved to Wilderness Safaris as a lodge guide within the Linyanti Concession, being part of the team for approximately 4 years.
Having an insatiable interest in the differing ecosystems of Botswana, Thuto joined the growing Explorations division in early 2006, enhancing his natural sense for guiding and his personable rapport with guests over a safaris duration. He is an entrenched and integral member of the Explorations team and is fast becoming a guide frequently requested by operators and repeat guests alike.
Guided Safaris
Client Feedback
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Asian Inspired Baby Clothes and Baby Gifts & Stationery-Kumari Baby - Ko Kimono Maternity Top
I wore th Ko Kimono Maternity to a dinner party and got raves on how chic I looked. The Japanese style modern kimono maternity top has a bow that ties in the back. I look elegant even with my big pregnant tush!
Asian baby shower invites....that's new & cool!Tags: baby, stationery, paper, Asian-inspired, invitations, pregnancy, maternity, baby showers, asian baby stationeryAdded 10 Years Ago from Kumaribaby
How cute is this top! A bun-in-the-oven graphic maternity tee by Love Babu. A unique baby shower gift. It comes in pink too. check it out at KumariBaby.comAdded 10 Years Ago from Kumaribaby


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Basel, 5 August 2014 – In contrast to most neighboring European countries there is still...details
This is a high degree of recognition and underlines BEMER technology's widespread...details
1,000 interesting guests. VIPs from the worlds of sport and entertainment. An exciting...details
He won a total 49 tournaments in singles tennis and 15 in the doubles. He triumphed in...details
In its 09/13 edition, the independent online magazine www.testlabor.eu tested the BEMER...details
Berlin, 08.22.2013 – Martina Willing is blind and paralyzed. That's one part of the...details
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Triesen, 06.18.2013 – In 1987 the United Nations declared July 26 the worldwide Anti-Drug...details
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Triesen, 05.03.2013 – Getting up, getting the children ready, making their bag lunches,...details
Was auch immer da so erscheinen soll


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Blue Dwarf Infants CostumeItem #: 25377
16,95 €incl. VAT, plus shipping
Delivery until 28.07. possible**
Fitting for this:
Add the product directly to your basket by clicking the checkbox
Add the product directly to your basket by clicking the checkbox
Blue Dwarf Infants Costume
Dress up your baby as sweet comic dwarf
In the Blue Dwarf toddlers costume is your Funny Face for dinky dwarf in blue-white.Everyone will want to hug him because he simply no one can resist!
The two-piece Blue Dwarf toddlers costume makes guarantees each dwarf a real dwarf.It consists of a white dwarf hat and a blue and white bodysuit, which can be closed on the inside of the legs with Velcro and so facilitates the winding.For the Family Look, we recommend Papa Smurf costume and the Smurfette Adult Costume ,
1 x Blue Dwarf Infants Costume
- Content: 1 x Cap, 1 x Bodysuit
- Color: blue White
- Size: 6-12 months, 12-24 months
- Material: 100% Polyester
- For children's birthday parties and carnivals.
|6-12 months
|12-24 months
|approx. 82-83 cm
|approx. 92-93 cm


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Because these brackets are custom made to fit your poles, you will save time and increase security. No more slipping brackets - no more damaged lamp posts. Clamping system will be customized to fit round, square or tapered poles.
Made from steel and black powder coated in the USA! Can be custom colored with upcharge. Brackets extend 18" out from pole and are capable of handling weights up to 100 lbs. Also available as a single bracket.
Phone 410-672-0082 for a quote today! Quantity discounts available. 3 to 4 week lead time.
Made in the USA


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SPORTS>> Beebe ladies top Goblins, Leopards
By Ray Benton
Leader sports editor
The Beebe Lady Badgers played their way to within one win of the Class AAAA State Fastpitch Softball Championship on Saturday and Monday. The Lady Badgers played their semifinal matchup with Marion Tuesday night after Leader deadlines; a win in that game would send the Beebe ladies to Fayetteville for the championship game Saturday.
The Lady Badgers cruised through their first-round opponent Saturday, hammering Harrison 9-1. The Lady Badgers took advantage of several Harrison mistakes, even forcing a few with aggressive base running and excellent small ball-play.
Beebe committed a few errors as well, with two of them leading to Harrisons only run in the first inning.
A high throw to first base left a Lady Goblin safe at second base.
Another error in the infield allowed that runner to score.
Beebe coach Terry Flenor decided to put a bigger target at first base after the miscue, replacing senior Heather Stroud with tall freshman Ashley Watkins.
Beebe still overthrew Watkins on one occasion, but pitcher Crystal Robinson got out of the jam by striking out the next batter for the third out of the fifth inning.
Later in the game with Beebe leading 4-1, Flenor informed Stroud that she should be ready to hit if anyone got on base in the bottom of the fifth.
With two outs, Bailey Thomas reached base and Strouds number was called.
The senior responded with a double that bounced off the left field wall 190 feet away to spark a two-out rally that had Beebe up 8-1 at the end of the fifth.
Nine-hole hitter Laura Fore-man drilled one off the wall in the sixth, and Robinson drove her home to set the final margin.
Things werent quite as easy on Monday, but Beebes lone runs in the second and fourth innings were all they needed as Robinson shut down the Lady Leopards.
Robinson threw a two-hitter while Beebes outfield never had to get an out.
Crystal did a great job, Flenor said. Its pretty good when your outfield doesnt have to make a play all day.
First-inning mistakes again put the Lady Badgers at an early disadvantage, as Malvern scored its unearned run in the top of the first.
A Lady Leopard attempted to steal third base. Beebe catcher Sara Flenors throw was in the dirt and bounced into left field, allowing the run to score.
Flenor atoned for the mistake later by throwing out potential base stealers three times later in the game.
The Lady Badgers evened the score in the bottom of the second. Stroud singled and scored two batters later on an RBI double by Foreman. Beebe took the lead for good in the fourth when Robinson singled to score freshman Brandi Burkhalter, who had reached on an infield single.
They were very aggressive when they were able to get runners on base, Flenor said of Malvern. We were fortunate to keep them off the base paths for the most part. And Sara did a good job after that one mistake in the first.
The win was also the 30th of the year for the Lady Badgers, which is easily a school record. Beebe improved to 30-4 with Mondays victory.
The Lady Falcons couldnt stop the power hitting and aggressive base running of defending state champion Hope in the first round Saturday.
The Lady Bobcats started scoring with a first-inning bomb, and added nine more over the next six innings to win 10-0. The Lady Falcons finish the season with a 15-10 record.


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Once again Saplo have won an prestigious award; the Rookie of the Year at the Malmö Business Awards.
For the fourth year, Malmö Business Awards had the award Rookie of the Year. In order to qualify for the prize requires that the person lives in Malmö and is under 30 years. Person shall, through its business have been innovative, contributed to a renewal of the business community in Malmö or accomplished something that stands out, it feels fresh,wild or daring. The prize is presented in cooperation with Sydsvenskan.
The jury's justification (translated from Swedish),
This year's business rookie has gone from strength to strength and is a model for entrepreneurs. The way to do business is characterized by the drive, target focus and spirit of the future – preferably with a latte in his hand. The product literally satisfies the need for customers to understand the meaning of the text written online.
We want to thank everyone that helped us getting where we are from customers to friends.