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Abas M, Tangchonlatip K, Punpuing S, Jirapramukpitak T, Darawuttimaprakorn N, Prince M, Flach C. Migration of Children and Impact on Depression in Older Parents in Rural Thailand, Southeast Asia. JAMA Psychiatry. 2013;70(2):226-233. doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2013.271
© 2017
Author Affiliations: Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London (Drs Abas and Prince), and Health Sciences Research Group, School of Community Based Medicine, University of Manchester, Manchester (Ms Flach), England; and Institute for Population and Social Research, Mahidol University Salaya, Phutthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom (Drs Tangchonlatip and Punpuing and Mr Darawuttimaprakorn), and Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Klongluang, Pathumthani (Dr Jirapramukpitak), Thailand.
Context Migration is feared to be associated with abandonment and depression in older parents "left behind" in rural areas of low- and middle-income countries.
Objective To test for prospective associations between (1) out-migration of all children and subsequent depression in parents and (2) having a child move back and an improvement in parents' depression.
Design A cohort study with a 1-year follow-up.
Setting A population-based study nested in a demographic surveillance site of 100 villages in rural Thailand. Most out-migration is to the capital city.
Participants A stratified random sample of 1111 parents 60 years and older (1 per household) drawn from all 100 villages, of whom 960 (86%) provided depression data at follow-up.
Main Outcome Measures Scoring 6 or more on the Thai version of the EURO-D depression scale at follow-up.
Results Depression prevalence was 22%. At baseline, 155 (16%) had all their children migrated from the district and 806 (84%) had at least 1 child living in the district. Having all children out-migrated at baseline, compared with having none or some children out-migrated, predicted a smaller odds of depression, after controlling for baseline sociodemographic and health measures (odds ratio [OR], 0.43; 95% CI, 0.20-0.92). Having a child move back in the study year was associated with greater odds of depression at follow-up when adjusted for baseline measures (OR, 1.75; 95% CI, 1.04-2.94), although this was no longer significant after adjusting for changes in disability and marital status since baseline (OR, 1.72; 95% CI, 0.99-2.98).
Conclusions Contrary to our hypothesis, parents whose children are not migrants may be at greater risk of depression than those with migrant children. More understanding is needed about the risks for depression in older rural populations and about the effectiveness of interventions.
Depressive syndromes are common in older people, with prevalence ranging from 9% to 33%.1- 3 These conditions, although broader than DSM major depression, are associated with disability and mortality.4,5 While rural residence may be protective for depression in Western settings,6 the reverse was found in China,7 and suicide is more common in rural than urban areas.8,9
The rising rate of out-migration of younger people may contribute to late-life depression in rural Southeast Asia. It is commonly said that older people are "left behind" in the rural areas of many low- and middle-income countries by out-migrant children,10 leading to isolation, loss of role, and even loss of basic support.11 However, we previously reported unexpected findings from a cross-sectional survey in rural Thailand suggesting lower levels of depression in older people with all their children migrated.12 We set out to extend the earlier study to include a prospective phase 1 year after baseline assessment.
Our hypotheses were:
Having all children out-migrated from the parents' district at baseline is associated with increased depression in older parents at 1-year follow-up, adjusting for depression at baseline and confounding variables.
Having a child return to the parents' district in the study year is associated with reduced depression in older parents, adjusting for depression at baseline.
The study was set in Thailand where traditionally children take responsibility for aging parents and older parents continue to provide support (instrumental, financial, emotional, and moral) for adult children.13,14
As described elsewhere,12 the baseline survey was nested in the Kanchanaburi Demographic Surveillance System (DSS).15 This provides a robust longitudinal database on more than 42 000 individuals from 12 500 households in 100 villages. Kanchanaburi Province in western Thailand is Thailand's third largest province, sharing a border with Myanmar and covering more than 19 000 km2, including mountains and forests. The central town is 120 km from Bangkok. Most villages in the province are reached by car from Bangkok within 1 day, but only 41% have a regular bus service. Some villages have a demanding final journey section relying on water transport, cycle, or foot. The selection of the 100 villages (sampling units) in the DSS reflects the diversity in the province; they comprised 20 villages each of the following strata: (1) rice producing, (2) plantation crop producing, (3) uplands areas, (4) urban/semiurban (industrialized), and (5) mixed economy.
The DSS communities have consented to annual data collection since 2000, with a 92% individual response rate.16 Each year face-to-face interviews are conducted with all those 15 years and older in every household.
For our baseline survey, eligible subjects were all those living in those DSS households containing at least 1 person 60 years or older on November 1, 2006. We hypothesized an 18% greater prevalence of depression in those with all children migrated vs those with some or no children migrated. To capture adequate numbers to test this, we sampled 60% of households where an older adult was living without at least 1 child and 30% of households where an older adult was living with at least 1 of their children We excluded only those older adults without at least 1 living child—biological, stepchild, or adopted (<5%)—and those for whom Thai was not the household language (<1%). From the potential eligible sample of 1300 from 1300 households, 1111 (85%) completed data collection.12 Index assessment interviews were carried out in 2006 and follow-up, 12 months later.
As some previous studies have done, we defined an out-migrant child as a child living outside the parent's district of residence17 for a minimum of the past 3 months. A district is a well-recognized administrative boundary, with a radius of approximately 15 km or more. We defined children in the household as either in the parental household or next door.
The interviewing team visited each sampling unit in 2007 with a list of all participants from 2006 and a map of households. Interviewers visited each household that had participated in 2006. The interviewer first interviewed the household head with the household questionnaire and then the older adult with the individual questionnaire.
The EURO-D is a 12-item screen for depression using items from the Geriatric Mental State Examination, a standardized, validated diagnostic measure.18 It is strongly correlated with its parent instrument and shows high criterion validity against DSM major depression.18 In studies from developing countries, the EURO-D has a similar factor structure to that in European countries.19 We defined depression as being more than the cutoff point for probable depression of 6 or more of 12 on the Thai version of the EURO-D scale.20
For the baseline survey, we had made use of existing DSS methods to carefully establish household membership and the location of all the participant's children by asking children's names, where they lived, and length of time living at that location. To assist precision, we asked if the child was in the household, the village (or for urban dwellers, within average walking distance), the subdistrict/neighborhood (tambon), or the district (amphoe), all of which are well recognized. We then stipulated which child we were referring to when we asked subsequently about support exchanges and remittances, cross-checking to ensure we were rating the correct child. For those who performed poorly cognitively or who gave vague or inconsistent answers, we asked an informant. At follow-up, we gathered this information again and so determined movement of any children in or out of the district in the study year.
To determine socioeconomic position, we assessed years of education, number of household assets (of 24), and household wealth index (based on 14 household assets such as ownership of a refrigerator, motorcycle, or mobile telephone21 and household quality).
We also looked at social network and social support from children and from others12 and financial remittances from children in the previous year.
To determine cognitive function, we assessed immediate recall and delayed recall of a 10-word list learning task. Ten nouns were presented for 3 trials; recall was tested immediately (score of 30) and after a 5-minute delay (score of 10).22,23 We also used the animal naming verbal fluency task (score is total number of different animals listed in 1 minute). We defined significant cognitive impairment as performance at or less than 1.5 SDs below the norm for the individual's age group and educational level.
We used the Burvill Physical Illness Scale24 to ask about the presence of 13 common health problems affecting different systems including breathlessness, blackouts, arthritis, weakness, and hearing difficulties. If participants said they had such a problem, we then asked if it "troubled them a lot." Impairment score was of 13 for health problems that troubled them a lot.
We used 11 items from the brief World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule to assess disability over the past 30 days in different activities such as getting around, self-care, getting along with people, and participation in society.25 The participant self-rated each activity from 0 (no difficulty) to 4 (very severe/unable to do activity at all). The potential range was 0 to 44.
We conducted all interviews in Thai and gathered written informed consent from all participants (Kings College research ethics committee No. 05/05-68; Mahidol University institutional review board 2005).
A comparison of the sample that completed follow-up with those who did not was carried out assessing differences using t tests and χ2. A logistic regression was used to predict the probability of loss to follow-up. Inverse weighting for probability of household selection and for loss to follow-up was applied to all analyses. We included geographical "strata" as a covariate in all analyses.
We carried out initial investigations of associations between individual baseline characteristics and depression at follow-up using t tests and χ2 tests as appropriate and including adjustment for baseline depression status using logistic regression. Individual cross-sectional associations of baseline characteristics with child migration status at baseline were also conducted using t tests and χ2 tests. Child migration status was defined as some children inside district vs no children inside district. A logistic regression model was used to assess the impact of child migration at baseline on the odds of depression at follow-up, according to the validated EURO-D cutoff point. The model was built adding possible confounders in incremental blocks: demographics, wealth, impairment and disability, nonfinancial support (from children and others), and financial support (remittances).
Next, we incorporated changes between baseline and follow-up. Change in child migration status was defined as no change, at least 1 child leaving the district, or at least 1 child returning to the district in the time from baseline to follow-up. We investigated baseline predictors of child movement individually using χ2 and analysis of variance tests and together in a multivariable regression. In the multivariable logistic regression of movement on depression at follow-up, we adjusted for baseline covariates as described earlier plus marital status at follow-up, change in impairment, and change in disability. We did not adjust for changes in covariates that could be a consequence of child movement, eg, family wealth or remittances. We used Stata version 9 for Windows (StataCorp).
Of 1111 respondents who formed the baseline sample, 982 (88%) participated at the 1-year follow-up and 960 (86%) provided complete data. The main reasons for 151 not completing follow-up measures were absence despite up to 3 visits (39 [26%]), illness (35 [23%]), death (34 [22%]), or moved (28 [19%]). Only 7 (5%) refused to take part. Although several characteristics were individually associated with being missing at follow-up, age (odds ratio [OR], 1.03; 95% CI, 1.01-1.06), cognitive impairment (failed 2 tests vs no impairment: OR, 4.76; 95% CI, 2.94-7.60), and disability (OR, 1.03; 95% CI, 1.00-1.05) remained significant predictors in multivariable regression. Inverse weighting to account for loss to follow-up was included in subsequent analyses; it had little effect on the results.
As seen in Table 1, the mean age of the study participants at baseline was 69 years (range, 60-93 years) and 55% were female. Of the 503 working, 60% were agricultural workers; 22%, in unskilled manual or domestic work; 3%, in craft-related work; and 15%, in skilled work. One hundred fifty-five (16%) had all their children migrated from the district, 651 (68%) had some but not all children living in the district, and 154 (16%) had all children living in the district. Of the 155 with all children living out of the district, for 73.2% the nearest child was in Bangkok or another province (at least 100 km away or more), for 24.6% the nearest child was in the same province (between 15 km and 145 km away), and for 2.2% the nearest child was in another country. As shown in Table 1, most talking with children was done face to face with the mean weekly telephone calls being 2.5 per week; 25% of participants never used the telephone. Fifty percent of participants saw a child daily, 25% saw a child 12 times or less per year, and 10% saw a child 3 times or less per year.
At baseline, 246 (25%) exceeded the EURO-D cut point for clinically significant depression with a prevalence of 27% in those with at least 1 child in the district and 16% in those with all children out of the district. At follow-up, 22% were depressed with a prevalence of 24% in those with at least 1 child in the district and 9% in those with all children out of the district. At follow-up, 5% had cognitive impairment on 2 or more tests, and 47% had 2 or more limiting physical impairments. Between baseline and follow-up, 6% changed their marital status. Sixty-six percent had no change or an improvement in physical impairments, 34% had a worsening in impairments, and 51% had a worsening in disability.
As shown in Table 1, many of the baseline characteristics considered were associated with greater odds of depression at follow-up after adjustment for baseline depression.
Table 2 shows differences at baseline between parents with all their children migrated out of the district compared with parents with at least 1 child in the district. Those with all their children migrated were more likely to be younger (t = 5.473; P < .001), married (χ22 = 16.75; P < .001), still working (χ21 = 10.89; P = .001), and more educated (χ23 = 93.19; P < .001) and have less disability (t = 3.22; P = .001). Although parents with all their children migrated received a lower level of total actual social support from children, they were no more likely to perceive less adequate support.
As shown in Table 3, having all children migrated out of the district at baseline was associated with lower odds of depression at follow-up (OR, 0.40; P = .005) after adjustment for baseline depression and geographical strata. This association remained after additionally adjusting for age, sex, marital status, number of children, education, wealth, impairment, disability, support from others, support from children, and remittances (OR, 0.46; P = .046).
We looked at a more detailed breakdown of children's living arrangements to see if the greater risk of depression for those with some or no children away compared with those with all children away was only in those without a coresident child. For example, the lack of a negative impact of migration may be limited only to those who coreside with children. We defined the following 5 nonoverlapping groups:
All children out of the district.
All children in the district, at least 1 of whom is in the household.
All children within the district but none in the household.
At least 1 child in the district, at least 1 child out of the district, and no children in the household.
At least 1 child in the district, at least 1 of whom is in the household, plus at least 1 child out of the district.
We found that there was little difference in odds of depression after a year between the different arrangements when there was at least 1 child living within the household (Table 4). We also found having all children living out of the district still indicated a lower odds of depression compared with having all children in the district with at least 1 in the household (Table 4).
For 743 (77%) of the sample, there had been no change in residence of their children in or out of the district in the follow-up period; 144 (15%) had experienced at least 1 child moving back into the district; and 73 (8%) had experienced at least 1 child moving out of the district. The rates of depression varied by child movement status; 20% of those with no change in the number of children living away were depressed at follow-up compared with 33% of those who had a child return and 23% of those who had a child leave. Bivariable analysis showed that those who had a child return had more children, life events, and depression and less education and wealth than those who experienced no child movement between baseline and follow-up. A multinomial logistic regression of child movement indicated that depression score at baseline was significantly predictive of having a child return compared with no movement but not associated with a child leaving. As seen in Table 5, the multivariable regression analysis indicated that having a child return was associated with an increased risk of depression compared with having no child movement (OR, 1.75; 95% CI, 1.08-2.84 adjusted for baseline depression and strata only). Adjustment for potential confounding baseline factors had little impact on the magnitude of this effect. After additionally accounting for changes in impairment, disability, and marital status over the same period, the OR for depression in those who had a child return to the area fell slightly to 1.72 (95% CI, 0.99-2.98) and the difference was not statistically significant compared with those with no child movement.
For rural-dwelling older parents in Thailand, we found, contrary to our hypothesis, that parents with all children migrated from the district at baseline had less than half the odds of depression at 1-year follow up (OR, 0.46) compared with parents with no or only some children migrated, even after adjusting for depression at baseline, geographical strata, number of children, physical impairments, household wealth, and other potential confounding variables. The lack of a negative effect of child out-migration did not differ for those with or without a child in the household. Parents with all their children migrated were no less likely to perceive adequate support from children compared with parents with 1 or more children living in the district. Contrary to our second hypothesis, we found that parents who had a child move back to their district in the study year had an increased odds of depression at follow-up compared with parents who did not experience any change in child residence in or out of their distinct, though the OR of 1.72 was no longer significant once changes since baseline in impairment, disability, and marital status were accounted for.
The likelihood of major selection biases is small because the sample was obtained through stratified random sampling and the sampling design was built into the analysis. The sample size was smaller (n = 959) compared with the sample who provided data in round 1 (n = 1111). The main reasons for loss to follow-up were absence despite up to 3 visits (26%), illness (23%), and death (22%). We applied inverse weighting to account for loss to follow-up. Although there is always the chance of measurement error, the construct of depression and our approach to measurement were seen as valid by the local mental health providers.20 The depression scale was applied by trained interviewers blind to the study hypothesis. Our measure of exposure was children's location outside the district, which is a well-recognized local boundary. Most children had been away for more than 10 years so parents and/or informants were confident in their responses. We were able to cross-check children's location with historical data on the household going back 7 years.
We were able to control for a large number of important potential confounding variables but there could be residual confounding by severity of health problems. Although we controlled for baseline depression, depression score was higher in those who went on to have a child move back in the study year, so reverse causality may play a small part in explaining our findings.
To our knowledge, this is the first prospective study and supports our previous cross-sectional findings that point toward advantages rather than disadvantages for older parents living in migrant households in this Southeast Asian context. One possible explanation is preexisting differences between migrant and nonmigrant households. We controlled for many measures but others were left uncontrolled because we lacked relevant data, for example, differences in coping, personality, and individual or family psychiatric history between migrant and nonmigrant households. If this were the case, lack of migration may be an indicator but not a cause of depression. Healthy people are more likely to migrate and it could follow that parents of migrants have strengths that have encouraged their children to migrate and resiliencies to cope with separation.26 Child migration could thus be viewed by such parents not as "loss" but as a family diversification strategy, a positive choice that they are likely to have been involved in. Parents with all children migrated had often adapted positively as has been described previously,27 eg, owning or sharing a neighbor's mobile telephone to keep in touch, passing news through social networks, and taking pleasure from short visits from children at key public holidays: "My children always come on New Year or Chinese New Year to see their mom" (man aged 73 years); "During Songkran festival my children and grandchildren come back, all gather here" (woman aged 67 years).
Contextual factors also supported older people. Ninety-seven percent of study villages had electricity; 94%, a cell phone signal; and 97%, tap water, although only 23% had tap water suitable for drinking. Many older people had developed strong ties in the study communities over a long period, deriving social support from village neighbors and friends. "When I was sick, if my nephew is absent, I can ask anyone nearby to take me to the doctor" (woman aged 67 years). This existence of strategic support may have enabled adult children to out-migrate in the first place.
Benefits associated with migration are the other key explanation for our findings. We found that having all children out-migrated was strongly associated with receiving more remittances, providing both short-term aid and an increased sense of security and family solidarity. Most older Thai people do not receive a pension but rely on children as a main source of income.28 Migration of children will also reduce the number of family dependents and, thus, expenses.14 Further benefits are the social status and pride associated with successful migration of children17 and the relief of children being self-sufficient. "I do not envy those whose children stay at home. My children leave for their living. If not, they do not have money." (woman aged 67 years). Depression prevalence reduced from baseline to follow-up in those who were successfully followed up. This is not necessarily attributable to depression improving with age as (1) we cannot separate age and period effects and (2) it might be measurement artifact, ie, a kind of learning effect with respect to repeated exposure to depression symptom assessment. In Mexico, family members of out-migrants were found more likely than those without migrant relatives to have substance use disorders and suicidal behavior.29 However, family members studied there were all younger than 65 years and included wives. Mexican women left behind by migrant husbands are known to report significant family and personal stressors.30
We found that parents who had a migrant child return to the district in the study year had more depression at follow-up than those who did not experience child movement. This may be because the child was returning in response to a decline in mental health of the parent.31 The effect of child movement was no longer significant after controlling for changes in impairment, disability, and marital status (mostly widowhood) over the same period. Some parents described feeling a burden in the adjustment period after their child had returned. Children also move back because of problems in their lives such as job loss, divorce, or a health problem. One female participant aged 75 years whose child and grandchildren had returned after divorce found this difficult: "Now my heart is so stubborn. Many children, many problems. I have to be tolerant." Borges and colleagues29 reported an association between substance use disorder and return migration to Mexico, supporting the notion that return migration can be due to failure in the destination setting.
How specific are our findings likely to be to Thailand? The 22.2% prevalence of depression that we found, as measured by a scale, is somewhat lower than in other low-income countries (26%-36%).3,32 Thai culture differs from many other countries in the region, such as more flexibility about the sex of the child that older parents choose to live near and having more equal inheritance between female and male children.28,33
Limitations of our study include the relatively short follow-up: there was not much child movement in 1 year. Because of the random sampling, most of the sample is relatively young. It is not possible to comment on whether the effect found would be the same for the older old; indeed, evidence from Thailand suggests serious challenges for filial support when parents reach advanced ages.27 We found anecdotally that some older people with no children in the district described getting food, goods, and physical care from children living in adjacent districts but we do not have systematic data on this. It is not clear how far these results will extrapolate to communities with more limited access to infrastructure such as mobile telephone signal and electricity. A further consideration is that our definition of an out-migrant child was living beyond the district. Districts had a radius of 15 km or more. In our preparatory qualitative work before the study hypotheses were finalized, older people perceived that their children had "moved out" when the children were not staying in the same village and when they were not seen every day. The district boundary of 15 km or more was viewed locally as a "very far" distance that could not be covered by foot without great effort. Fewer than 6% of households in the sample owned a car, although 74% owned a motorcycle. As it emerged, for most parents (72%) with all children living out of the district, the nearest child was living in another province, a distance of more than 100 km, and given the size of the province, many of those with a child in the same province were still more than 50 km away. Only 2% were living overseas so our findings cannot be extrapolated to international migration. While it could be argued that the phenomenon we have examined overlaps with "empty nest syndrome," we would argue that the context of a rural agrarian society with little formal welfare, little access to cars, and traditional reliance on filial support contrasts with a high-income country where most older people have a pension and access to medical and social welfare and personal transport.
We have found that Thai parents with all children internally migrated are, for the most part, neither abandoned nor have increased risk of depression. Having all children migrated and staying migrated predicted lower odds of depression in older parents. These prospective findings are consistent with previous cross-sectional work12,27 that challenged the view that older people are being deserted in rural areas of low- and middle-income countries.10 As migration has become even more common, rural older parents whose children do not migrate may be at greater risk of depression than those with migrant children. Research is needed to further understand risks for depression in older people in rural areas and to develop and test interventions to reduce the burden of depression.
Correspondence: Melanie Abas, MBChB, MPhil, MSc, MD, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, England (email@example.com).
Submitted for Publication: July 26, 2011; final revision received March 15, 2012; accepted March 16, 2012.
Published Online: December 3, 2012. doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2013.271
Author Contributions: Ms Flach and Dr Prince are joint last authors. Drs Abas and Punpuing and Ms Flach had full access to all of the data in the study and take responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis.
Conflict of Interest Disclosures: None reported.
Funding/Support: This work was funded by Wellcome Trust grant WT 078567.
Additional Contributions: We thank Bencha Yoddumnern- Attig, PhD, and Philip Guest, PhD, for guidance and assistance with the study design and methods; Wannee Hutapat, Qin Min, Khaing Khaing Soe, and Jongjit Rithirong for data management; the field staff (Jeerawan Hongthong, Phattharaphon Luddakul, Wipaporn Jarruruengpaisan, and Yaowalak Jiaranai); participants of the DSS; the Wellcome Trust for funding the project; and the anonymous reviewers for their most helpful contributions.


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10 Revelations From Joe Jonas's New York Magazine Confessional
In fairness, practically every word of Joe Jonas's first-person piece in New York magazine is a revelation to me, as I have basically gone out of my way not to know anything about the Jonas Brothers other than Nick is the hottest one. But I have had some assumptions about the JoBros in general based on what little has managed to slip through, and this incredibly juicy profile of the middle Jonas squashed almost all of them. Perhaps there is nothing new here for fans, but I'm pretty sure most of y'all don't walk among us anyway.
1. He was big into punk rock. "I preferred going to punk-rock shows in small venues in New Jersey, where we grew up, wearing my jean jacket and all my band pins. That's how I fell in love with music, how I became obsessed with it. I'd stand there, watching the singer running around the stage, owning the crowd. I didn't even notice whatever else was happening onstage. All I could see was the singer."
2. He's not even religious. "I mean, I believe in God, and that's a personal relationship that I have, but I'm not religious in any way."
3. There were plenty of groupies, but they were kind of a pain in the ass. "There were the moments when I'd walk into my hotel room only to find a girl I didn't know standing there. For the record, we didn't have the traditional rock-and-roll experience. We were kids working with Disney, so finding a girl in our hotel room didn't feel like an open invitation. This isn't 1986, and I'm not in a hair-metal band. It felt like a problem we had to solve without it getting us into trouble. There was this time in South America where a hotel staff member snuck his kid into my room. I don't know what they were hoping would happen, but security showed her out."
4. He took off his promise ring and got busy at age 20. "I lost my virginity when I was 20. I did other stuff before then, but I was sexually active at 20. I'm glad I waited for the right person, because you look back and you go, 'That girl was batshit crazy. I'm glad I didn't go there.'"
5. He wanted their music to be more grownup, but Disney wasn't havin' that. "If a lyric was slightly sexual, someone at the record company would tell us we had to change it. It could be the most innocent reference, like 'I'm alone in a room with you,' and it would have to go."
6. He doesn't feel the need to write or talk about — hi Taylor! — his "bitch" exes. "I genuinely don't have any resentment against any of my exes. So I'm not going to disparage anyone I was in a relationship with—only I might put it in my music a little bit, and hint at it, and tease it here and there, just enough for the fans and the people who really know the story. But I'm not going to openly say, "Yeah, actually, this person is a bitch, and she did this to me." I don't feel the need to do that to sell records."
7. He once went on a date with a fan and all they did was make out. "I can't say that I've never put a foot in that world; there were times when I definitely took advantage of the opportunities I had. I remember I invited a fan to a movie, and we just made out the entire time. I don't even remember what the movie was about. … I thought she'd go public and the whole world would find out. Luckily, she never did, I think because she assumed there'd be another meet-up down the road."
8. He also used to secretly hook up with another Disney-affiliated star in his car. "I used to sneak out and hook up with this one girl in her car ... The girl was also in the business, and we thought we were screwed because we were both working with Disney. It would have been the worst thing we could think of happening to us. But nothing ever came out!" (Until now. I've deduced that his backseat hookup partner was Brenda Song.)
9. The first time he smoked weed was with Miley Cyrus and Demi Lovato. "I must have been 17 or 18. They kept saying, 'Try it! Try it!' so I gave it a shot, and it was all right." (Something tells me Miley gets better pot now.)
10. He waited to break up with Demi Lovato until she went to rehab. "I really got to know her and got to see the ins and outs of what she was struggling with, like drug abuse. I felt like I needed to take care of her, but at the same time I was living a lie, because I wasn't happy but felt like I had to stay in it for her, because she needed help. I couldn't express any of that, of course, because I had a brand to protect."
BONUS: Vanessa Hudgens was basically locked in a room at Disney when her nude photo scandal broke. "We heard that she had to be in the Disney offices for a whole day because they were trying to figure out how to keep her on lockdown."
[Photo: Fame/Flynet]

subset: commoncrawl


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fun while it lasted
Printable View
fun while it lasted
hurley pro is on today if you need to stay occupied at work
[QUOTE=CaptJAQ;107141]So what are we going to do for entertainment now?
Ya Its kind of like a nice head high swell and then it just disapears.
Gruvi is actually a real person from Pennsylvania that you guys absolutely shredded apart... and even convinced me he was posing as someone else. His user ban has been lifted, so lets try to give him a chance to be a respected member of our Swellinfo community :)
Where like swellinfos bad period class in school haha.. we did good boys. Im proud of all of you
The Power of the MOD... Attachment 4140
This is awesome!


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Liane Schirmer
Batman the Animated Series: Secrets of the Caped Crusader
Cave-dwelling superhero Batman protects his beloved Gotham City from all manner of evil-doers -- including an invisible crook -- in this collection of four animated adventures from the Emmy-winning series. Flirty feline Catwoman and the coldhearted Mr. Freeze are among the dastardly villains the caped crusader must battle. Episodes include "The Cat and the Claw" (Parts I and II), "Heart of Ice" and "See No Evil."


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Ghee (Clarified Butter)
June 14, 2010 by admin
Filed under Indian Cuisine
Ghee (Clarified Butter) Ghee is Clarified butter. It is used extensively in India in a lots of recipes including desserts. It is made by boiling unsalted butter, till all the moisture is gone and it turns a light golden yellow. This form of butter has a lot of benefits over traditional butter. It has high smoking […]


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text:
For about 30.00 CDN you can buy a IDE to CF adapter and small CF card and forget about hard drives.
A much better option.
On Mon, 27 Mar 2006 18:19:44 -0500, Chris Buechler wrote:
> On 3/27/06, Paul Taylor <PaulTaylor at winn dash dixie dot com> wrote:
>> I'm attempting to install Monowall on a Dell 2500 server with a
>> Perc RAID
>> controller (it is what we have available). It uses the
>> ServerWorks chipset,
>> if that matters. I booted with Ubuntu and performed the
>> gunzip/dd command
>> (per the documentation) to write the OS to the sda device. Upon
>> rebooting,
>> it boots FreeBSD successfully all the way to the message
>> "Mounting root from
>> ufs:/dev/md0c", where it gets a fatal error saying that it can
>> not find a
>> configuration file.
>> Any ideas how to get Monowall to work successfully in this
>> environment?
>> Does anyone else use a SCSI system?
> SCSI, yeah, but there are no RAID drivers in the m0n0wall kernel so
> RAID isn't supported. Those PERC cards work great with FreeBSD
> though, my 2550's with the RAID keys use the aac (Adaptec RAID)
> driver.
> -Chris
> --------------------------------------------------------------------
> -
> To unsubscribe, e-mail: m0n0wall dash unsubscribe at lists dot m0n0 dot ch
> For additional commands, e-mail: m0n0wall dash help at lists dot m0n0 dot ch
Peter, peter at iwebsl dot com on 3/27/2006


text:
Freefone helpline
Home Testing
Meningitis means inflammation of the lining around the brain and spinal cord. Septicaemia is blood poisoning. They can be caused by lots of different germs, mainly bacteria or viruses.
Viral meningitis is painful, but it is not usually dangerous. Bacterial meningitis and septicaemia are very dangerous and can come on very quickly. Septicaemia often happens without meningitis, and kills more people.
The risk of getting meningitis and septicaemia is very low, even if you have been in contact with someone who has it. However, it is vital to know the symptoms and to get medical help immediately if you are worried.
People get the disease when the meningococcal bacteria overcome the body's immune defences and pass into the blood stream, causing meningitis or septicaemia or both.
The bacteria are very common - at any time about one in ten of us has them in our noses and throats without ever knowing they are there, and for most of us this is harmless. We pass the bacteria between each other by close contact (eg kissing), and this helps us build up our immunity. Usually you have to be in very close, regular or prolonged contact with someone for the bacteria to pass between you. Even when this happens, it is unlikely you will become ill because fortunately most of us have natural resistance.
The bacteria cannot live long in the air, so they do not survive for more than a few moments outside the human body. They are not carried on everyday objects like clothes, toys, crockery, furniture or bedding.
Scientists do not yet fully understand why a few people get meningitis or septicaemia from germs that are harmless to most of us.
Babies and young children have a higher risk of getting the disease than older children and adults. This is partly because their immune systems are not fully developed.
Meningitis Research Foundation funds vital scientific research to answer questions like this, and to find the way to stop meningitis and septicaemia for good.
Around 2,000 cases of meningococcal meningitis and septicaemia are reported in the UK and Republic of Ireland every year. In other words, about three people in every 100,000 will get the disease each year in the UK, and six in every 100,000 in the Republic of Ireland.
Vaccines give excellent protection, but cannot prevent all kinds.
The MenC vaccine, which prevents one type of meningococcal disease, is in the routine immunisation programme. It is also available to older children and young people who have not already had it. The Hib vaccine prevents meningitis and septicaemia caused by a different bug and is also one of the routine injections for babies.
There are also vaccines to prevent pneumococcal meningitis and septicaemia - one for babies and young children, and the other for older children and adults. Currently pneumococcal vaccination is offered to people with health conditions which increase their risk from infection, and to elderly people. However, from September 4 2006 a pneumococcal vaccination will be introduced into the routine childhood immunisation programme and will be offered to all children at 2, 4 and 13 months of age.
Another meningococcal vaccine protects against bacteria not often seen in the UK and Republic of Ireland. It is recommended for people travelling to certain parts of the world (eg those making the Hajj pilgrimage).
There is no vaccine against Group B meningococcal disease for the UK and Republic of Ireland, even though it is the most common cause of the disease here. However, scientists are working hard to develop one.
For more information about vaccines, call the charity's helpline.
Yes. Most people recover, but they need urgent treatment in hospital.
Some people who recover are left with disabilities or other after-effects.
The charity funds research into treatments and after-effects, to help improve the quality of life for people affected.
In the early stages, it can be very difficult to tell meningitis and septicaemia apart from other diseases. That's why the Foundation funds research to find ways to improve diagnosis. Meanwhile it is vital to know the symptoms and to get medical help immediately if you are worried that someone who is ill may have the disease.
All cases of meningitis and septicaemia are reported to the public health doctor, who will decide what needs to be done to protect the community. This doctor will make sure that anyone who is at increased risk of meningococcal disease is contacted and offered special, very strong antibiotics (usually rifampicin or ciprofloxacin) to help stop the disease from spreading, and will also advise schools or employers. This sometimes also happens with cases of Hib meningitis, but is not necessary for other causes of meningitis or septicaemia.
Antibiotics are usually only given to people living in the same household as the patient, and to their boy/girlfriend. These antibiotics kill the bacteria that cause the disease. As it takes time for these drugs to take effect, even if you are given this medicine, it is still important to watch out for the symptoms.
Where there have been two or more cases of meningococcal meningitis or septicaemia in a nursery, school or workplace, the public health doctor may decide that antibiotics should be given to a wider group, such as a whole class or year group.
Yes. When people get the disease, symptoms normally appear within two to seven days of being exposed to the bacteria.
If someone gets Group C meningococcal disease, MenC vaccine will be offered to close contacts and others considered to be at increased risk who have not already been immunised, along with the antibiotics. It is important to remember that the incubation period for the disease is usually less than the time it takes for the vaccine to take effect, so it is still important to know the symptoms.
As vaccines can't protect against all forms of the disease, knowing the symptoms is vital, because treatment at an early stage of illness gives the best chance of a good recovery.
Meningitis Research Foundation offers support to people affected. Please give your friend our helpline number.
There is no need to avoid people who have been in contact with a case. As one in ten people carry the bacteria, your child comes into contact with them every day. Also, it is perfectly safe for your son's friend to play with the boy who had meningitis. The treatment he had in hospital will have killed the bacteria that caused the disease, so he's not infectious any more.
Trust your instincts. Someone who has meningitis or septicaemia could become seriously ill very quickly. Get medical help immediately if you are worried about someone who is ill.
If someone is ill and gets a rash, do the tumbler test.
Remember, a very ill person needs medical help even if there is no rash, or a rash that fades.
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©2017Meningitis Research FoundationOffices: Belfast, Bristol, Dublin, Edinburgh, Blantyre in Malawi.A charity registered in England and Wales no 1091105, in Scotland no SC037586, & in Ireland 20034368A company limited by guarantee, registered in England no 4367866Registered Office: Newminster House, 27-29 Baldwin Street, Bristol, BS1 1LT UK


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Without planned activities, children will take up sedentary pastimes, such as playing video games or baseball. Get them up and moving with this Groupon.
Choose Between Two Options
$40 for a Glittery Glam Express limo package for one girl (an $84.90 value)
- 25- to 35-minute experience
- Updo, Just-a-Polish nail treatment, makeup application, and special gift ($24.95 value)
- Hands-on craft activity ($9.95 value)
- Roughly 15-minute ride in a limo with other girls ($50 value; limit one adult per appointment in the limo)

$124 for a 105-minute Fashion Diva party for up to nine girls, good Monday–Thursday (a $249 value)

The Fashion Diva party provides guests with makeovers, including updos, polished nails, makeup, and a chance to dress up in stage-worthy attire. After practicing their dance moves, the girls take to the runway to pose in their ensembles. Party guests receive a group photo and time in the Cake Place for presents and cake (not included with this Groupon).

Sweet & Sassy
Sweet & Sassy's expert staff glamorizes girls with child-friendly salon and spa services. They lead birthday parties for flocks of fashionable partygoers, painting nails and applying makeup to transform celebrants into magical princesses, pop stars, or TV news anchors. Within the cheerful, sweet-smelling spa, the staff also pampers girls with themed packages such as Diva for a Day or Pampered Princess.


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Natural selection is a mechanical process with no foresight, which can only blindly favor short-term gain.
Because "incidents [like Guwahati] are a result of blindly aping the West."
Media figures will be treated as blindly guilty for an indefinite time.
But for some reason, she "blindly took the pill for so long without questioning it."
From the title on, Cheney the author seems hopelessly, blindly, foolishly, sloppily in love with his subject.
His thoughts now leaped to the end as blindly as they had shrunk from it before.
Had she shut the drawing-room window when she returned so blindly?
Sandy climbed down from the saddle, and waded about blindly in the shallow water, with groping hands.
My lawyer's sense tells me that you are wrong—foolishly, blindly wrong.
We marched loosely and blindly, and they came on us unawares.


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Mar 23, 2012 - StaffDalene M. Frye, 40, of Riverton, died Monday, March 19, 2012, in Casper.
Memorial services are at 10 a.m. Saturday, March 24, at the Riverton Church of the Nazarene. Cremation has taken place.
Dalene Marie Gilmore was born Oct. 4, 1971, in Rock Springs, the daughter of Allen Gilmore and Shirley Ann (Cole) Gilmore (Kelley).
She lived in Rock Springs for 24 years, moving to Riverton with her two children in 1996.
She was of the Christian faith.
Mrs. Frye was a beautician and cosmetologist. She had obtained her cosmetology license in 1996 and had worked at Temptations, Southwest Hair Design and has been at Mirror Image since its opening.
She belonged to the Beta Sigma Phi.
Her family said Mrs. Frye loved her dogs, camping, fishing, cooking, scrapbooking and gardening, but most of her time was spent with her children.
Survivors include her son, Shawn Linch; daughter Shannon Linch; companion Gary Stewart; close friend Kiersten Herne; parents Allen Gimore, Shirley and Mike Kelley; brothers Wayne Mayhew, Dennis Boulware and Wade Colvin; uncle Bill Cole and his wife Betty of Phoenix; aunts Jeanette Cole of Lake Isabella, Calif., Cathy Cole of Spokane, Wash., and Melissa Confer and her husband Bob of Riverton; numerous cousins.
She was preceded in death by Dorothy and Gene Cole and Bill Boulware.
Memorials may be made to Shawn and Shannon Linch at the Atlantic City Federal Credit Union.
Online condolences may be made at www.theDavisFuneralHome.com.
Services are under the direction of the Davis Funeral Home of Riverton.
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Today, sports and academics dominate children's lives. Cell phones, television, popular music and video games are often negative inputs. Texting has replaced face to face conversation as the preferred form of communication. Many parents feel strongly that practice in the social arena is becoming ever more important to balance these other influences and help to create a well-rounded child, one equipped to handle the future with self-assurance and aplomb.
At Cotillion, children learn the importance of good manners by practicing with their peers. Cotillion is not a lecture, but rather, a party - a party that is led by skilled directors who continually keep the children focused on the importance of whatever they are doing. Whether dancing with a partner, shaking hands with an adult host, practicing polite conversation or learning the techniques of dining etiquette, members of Cotillion truly enjoy themselves as they practice social interactions.
What sets us apart from other Cotillions is the emphasis we put on conveying the importance of personal responsibility and leadership. We encourage our young members to think beyond the basics of good manners, not just what good manners are and when to use them, but why. Empowerment comes from knowing we can affect the world around us. Thinking like a leader stems not only from self-confidence, but from an awareness of how our actions and words affect others.
Manners are really a language with its own unique set of rules, grammar and vocabulary. With manners we communicate using demeanor and gestures, tone of voice, facial expression, body language and simple phrases. The more we know of this language and the greater our comfort in using it, the deeper our self-confidence, and ultimately, our success. The Martine Cotillions provides an invitational social development program for third through eighth grades which gives them a place to practice this language of manners both with adults and with each other. A child who learns to handle the variety of social skills required of successful membership in the mini-world of Cotillion is one who will be better able to handle the wide variety of situations which must be confronted in the increasingly demanding real world.
Since 1857, five generations of the Martine family have nurtured the self-confidence of young people as they learn and practice the manners and high personal standards that are perennially important for a lasting society. We intend that the poise and ease of manner our members develop over the course of many seasons of Cotillion will become a natural part of who they are and smooth the way for personal excellence.
Chapters of
The Martine Cotillions
Claremont Foothills
Huntington Beach
Laguna Beach
Long Beach
Mesa Verde
Newport Beach
Newport Harbor
Rancho Santa Fe
Santa Barbara
South Orange County
Villa Park
Yorba Linda
"If I'd had something like this, adolescence might have been a little less painful."
"Thank you for your Cotillions backing up all the things my husband and I have taught our children through the years. They believed what they'd heard when they heard it from you too."
"You have such a wonderful way with them. You refer to them as ladies and gentlemen, expect them to behave accordingly, and they do!"
Explore Inside:
Find those opinionated editorials and recommended reading on Miss Martine's page.
Practice Makes Perfect by Gena Martine Santoni
As Ferris Bueller once said, "Life moves pretty fast. If you don't stop and look around once in a while, you could miss it." These days it seems life is moving faster than ever, and our sense of time passing is approaching light-speed. Okay, maybe that's an exaggeration. But I know you know what I mean.
Most people I talk to are experiencing some version of time-scarcity. Our to-do lists are never ending and everyone is always rushing to and fro, hither and thither, to do this or that, with barely a moment to spare for brief conversation as we sail past one another, on to the next event or errand.
This time-scarcity mind-set makes time ever more precious, and so our tendency is to try to cram as much into every moment that we possibly can. We want both the most bang for our buck and for our precious minutes. We finish one thing from our agenda, only to ask, "What now? What's next?" It seems we live each day as if we exist merely to cross another item off our list. We want everything to be better, faster, easier, more convenient, so we can go on to the next thing and check the next box. Moving along seems to be what matters rather than any depth of experience, or even enjoyment.
While I understand this compulsion myself, I also know that some things simply take the time they take, and there is nothing anyone can do about it. Sure, sometimes we can benefit from multitasking. We can talk on the phone while we fold the laundry. We can listen to an audio book or record voice memos, while we are driving. But when it comes to quality time, adding in more quantity of content is not always better. Sometimes enough is plenty.
This especially applies to learning. Too much too quickly does not add value, but instead handicaps comprehension and retention. Learning, whatever the subject, takes time. It takes repetition. It takes practice. Repetition and practice are the only real ways to gain mastery, bit by bit.
Welcome to Cotillion!
The Martine Cotillions provides a fun way for children to learn and practice important manners and build self-awareness that will smooth social interactions in all facets of life - and for the rest of their lives.
This website is intended strictly for purposes of information and is in no way a solicitation for business.
All original writing and photography are the property of The Martine Cotillions, LLC. Copyright 2009 - all rights reserved.


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Copyright ©


text:
- Description
DetailsRuination has always been crafted to celebrate all facets of the hop; its beauty and poetry, its boldness and might. We employed hops bursting to squeeze every last drop of piney and citrusy essence.
- Additional Information
Additional Information
SKU 65097 Size 22 OZ BTL Style Imperial IPA Type/Varietal India Pale Ale Country USA Region California Appellation San Diego Brand/Company Stone Brewing Company
- Reviews
Customer Reviews 7 item(s)
- Best IPA by far
This might be the tastiest IPA out there-- single or double. Incredible how they achieved such a PERFECT balance considering the high alcohol content. Perfection in brewing
How do you rate this?
- beware
if you don't like hops steer clear, this is a massive palate masher and so damn delicious it's apparent STONE loves us and wants us to be happy. A great beer from a great co.
How do you rate this?
- Best IPA EVER
The best IPA ever. period.
How do you rate this?
- A bitter brew
I cannot fault this ale for anything except the fact that it's not the sort of thing I like. Taste is, after all, subjective, and I'm generally not a fan of IPAs anyway. But I keep trying them every once in a while, just because I know that tastes can change. The reviews on this one were so uniformly positive that I figured I'd give it a whirl. It might be heaven on Earth for dyed-in-the-wool IPA fans, for all I know. But Ruination IPA is too bitter for my taste, and except for a mildly intriguing "dead rat in a bottle" aftertaste, it's not especially interesting. I'm not a hophead, so take that into account. I'm in no way dissing the brew. I might try it again later, if I become more enamored of bitterness in my brew. But for anyone who is just beginning to sample IPAs, this is probably not the best place to start.
How do you rate this?
- Top Notch
This and Dogfish Head's 120 Minute IPA are my favorites of the IPA's.
How do you rate this?
- Uber Delicous! Heaven Hops in a bottle
This beer is insanely good. I drank 4 one time because I couldn't get enough of the hops! This is a top choice in your beer rotation if you are a serious IPA drinker. Do yourself a favor and drink it in a frosted glass and not out of the bottle!
How do you rate this?
- Unscanable HOPS!
Super Hopped...bottle won't scan at the store but who cares this beer is the best!!!
How do you rate this?


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TNT: Hauerwas and the Evangelicals Johnboy Sylvest says: September 2, 2011 at 4:31 am Many times, when it comes to issues regarding governance, whether in political statecraft or church polity, it will seem to me that we are not so much dealing with theoretical differences vis a vis our essentialistic ideals but more so with practical differences in strategies regarding their existential realization. For example, classical liberalism might be reconceived as a pragmatic critique of anarchism, for "limited governance" does not compete with "no governance" as a theoretical ideal but, rather, as a practical accommodation to human finitude and sinfulness. If we were angels, we would require and could justify no governance. In the same way, when we employ distributist and redistributist strategies (e.g. antitrust laws & social safety nets or entitlements), it needn't imply classical liberalism's theoretical capitulation to the social democratic critique but may, instead, simply represent the creative tensions playing out in our practical application of subsidiarity principles. What has often gotten in the way, seems to me, is the introduction of distinctions that do not and therefore should not make a difference, whether grounded in the overly optimistic and rationalistic metaphysics of the (often) catholic analogical imagination or the overly pessimistic and biblically fundamentalistic anthropology of the (often) protestant dialectical imagination. To say this concretely, there is no, so to speak, "religious" epistemology or "theological" anthropology. In a radically incarnational and profusely pneumatological interpretive stance toward reality, epistemology is epistemology is epistemology and anthropology is anthropology is anthropology. And, best we can tell, thus far, they are evolutionary. We are neither angels nor demons but animals. Among the animals we are differentiated as the symbolic species (call it ensoulment if you must) and thus enjoy an unparalleled degree of freedom (call it inspirited if you like), which is love's very horizon. And, as if that were not true enough, beautiful enough and good enough, we've been "interrupted" with some very Good News to which both individuals and peoples can only respond in developmentally-appropriate ways. Through our evolutionary epistemology and anthropology, it has been revealed (by the Spirit, no less?) that an emergentist perspective is indispensable and must be brought to bear on our practical responses to this Good News (ecclesiastically, evangelically, catechetically, liturgically, etc) as well as our theoretical reformulations and inculturations (theological, Christological, pneumatological, soteriological, eschatological, etc). And this will inevitably invite a plurality of expressions, a diversity of ministries and a great variety of spiritualities while, at the same time, advancing our singular unitive mission. In the Hauerwasian Spirit of offering a gratuitous provocations: 1) It may well be that, other than being an implicit rather than explicit response to the Spirit, the secular, itself, has often comprised a distinction without a difference vis a vis the religious (historically, culturally, socially, economically & politically). 2) Humankind has always fancied itself as progressing 1
theoretically from one school or system to the next when, mostly, it has bumbled and fumbled practically from one method or strategy to the next. Most of its modernist, postmodernist, liberal, orthodox, radically orthodox & other "schools� have issued forth from an unconsciously competent semiotic pragmatism that corrects our inveterate overand under-emphases (except, of course, for us consciously competent but contritely fallible Peirceans). ;) I've thoroughly enjoyed this series.
Published on Jan 22, 2012
September2,2011at4:31am TNT:HauerwasandtheEvangelicals JohnboySylvestsays: I'vethoroughlyenjoyedthisseries. 2


text: Joshua Bernstein wrote: > > > Ken Nielson wrote: >> Joshua Bernstein wrote: >>> Glen Beane wrote: >>> >>>> On Tue, Jan 19, 2010 at 5:01 AM, Douglas McNab >>>> <d.mcnab at physics.gla.ac.uk <mailto:d.mcnab at physics.gla.ac.uk>> wrote: >>>> >>>> Hi, >>>> >>>> I have been testing with 2.4.4 and it seems the OSC MPIEXEC Bug >>>> has >>>> crept back in with 2.4.4. Could someone check and confirm >>>> this? I have been running a simple >>>> MPICH testing and I have been getting: >>>> >>>> /mpiexec: Error: get_hosts: pbs_statjob did not return >>>> "exec_host" //info. >>>> / >>>> >>>> I thought this fix was in main after 2.4.3? >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>> I just checked subversion, and src/server/stat_job.c has not been >>>> modified since the 2.4.3 fix that was supposed to fix the bug >>>> preventing mpiexec from working properly. >>>> >>> >>> I see the same. It looks like somebody missed a merge over to the >>> 2.4.4 branch... >>> >>> -Josh >>> >>> >> The fix for this was checked in on December 2, 2009. The revision was >> 3268. It looks like the change is still in there. Attached is the >> diff file with the change. It was a matter of removing code that was >> making the call fail. This code is not in the 2.3-fixes branch. > The code that was removed was not in the 2.3-fixes. Also there was no > bug in 2.3-fixes. It has been long enough that I can't remember what > the exact problem was but the code that crept into 2.4-fixes was the > problem. We need to probably do a debug session if we can and see just > where the call is failing. Ken > Maybe we have a new bug then that was created with 2.4.4? Any reason > why this wasn't pushed back to the 2.3-fixes? > > -Josh


text:
Cam's Pizzeria
Category: Dining (Pizza)
Description: Since 1980, the best in authentic NY style pizza. Let us prove it to you! Not your stereotypical pizza.
Discount: 25% pick up orders, 20% delivery orders (min. $10)
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TX-CollinCoGS-L ArchivesArchiver > TX-CollinCoGS > 2010-02 > 1265493177
From: Janice Quick <>
Subject: [TX-COLLINCOGS] "Beginning Genealogy" class Feb 10
Date: Sat, 6 Feb 2010 15:52:57 -0600
GLHTA at Haggard Library is presenting the following class:
"Beginning Genealogy"
Wednesday, February 10, 2010
10:30 am - Noon
How to fill out a pedigree chart and get started in genealogy.
Genealogy, Local History, Texana, Archives
Jeanette Bickley Bland Meeting Room
Haggard Library
2501 Coit Rd
Plano, TX 75075
Note: Class is FREE. And you do not have to register.
Hotmail: Trusted email with Microsoft's powerful SPAM protection.
This thread:
|[TX-COLLINCOGS] "Beginning Genealogy" class Feb 10 by Janice Quick <>


text:
Chris was brilliant, deferential, even demure, full of conviction.
At speechwriting meetings, Michel was deferential but quick with answers, just as the president liked.
Colbert was properly, perhaps pitifully, deferential to Letterman.
Female subordinates are often less respectful of, and deferential to, their female bosses than they are to their male bosses.
Because Bush had grown so close to Karzai, some critics believed that he—the cowboy president—had grown too deferential.
And Chichikov executed one of his sidelong, deferential bows.
He pays you the deferential compliment of asking what books you are reading.
A deferential waiter informed the American that it had been taken with every possible care to his suite.
He grasped Scorrier's hand—the gesture was deferential, yet distinguished.
The manservant, with his plain black clothes and black tie, had entered the room with a deferential little gesture.
deferential def·er·en·tial (děf'ə-rěn'shəl)
Of or relating to the vas deferens.


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In this remarkable collection of essays, acclaimed author David James Duncan braids his contemplative, rhapsodic, and activist voices together into a potently distinctive whole, speaking with power and urgency about the vital connections between our water-filled bodies and this water-covered planet. All twenty-two pieces in this collection swirl and eddy around his early-forged bond with the rivers of the Pacific Northwest and their endangered native salmon. With a bracing blend of story, science, and comedy, Duncan relates mystical, life-changing adventures; draws incisive portraits of the humans and wild creatures who shaped his destiny; rips the corporate greed and political folly that have brought whole ecosystems to ruin; and meditates on the spiritual and practical necessity of acknowledging our dependence on water in its primal state.
"synopsis" may belong to another edition of this title.
When David James Duncan was growing up in suburban Portland, Oregon, he had no river to call his own, so he would routinely create one by flooding his mother's garden with a hose. He would then revel in his creation until he received the inevitable scolding. The poor kid couldn't help himself: "Running water ... felt as necessary to me as food, sleep, parents, and air," he explains. In time, he exchanged his nozzle for a fly rod and went in search of grander gardens, eventually developing an "interior coho compass" which he has traveled by ever since.
As any reader of The River Why knows, Duncan is a master of the art of writing about fishing--which is also to say life, since the two for him are indelibly linked. But these essays deal with far more than leaky waders and rising trout. Part memoir, part activist treatise, My Story As Told by Water is Duncan's love song to wild places and the creatures which inhabit them. The book's highlight is his powerfully convincing essay "A Prayer for the Salmon's Second Coming," in which he argues that saving salmon is crucial to both man and fish alike: "A 'modern Northwest' that cannot support salmon is unlikely to support 'modern Northwesterners' for long," he writes. In this elegant demand for the removal of four Snake River dams (out of 221 on the Snake/Columbia system), Duncan declares the wild salmon "a holiness, a divine gift," a role model rather than a resource: "Salmon are a light darting not just through water, but through the human mind and heart. Salmon help shield us from fear of death by showing us how to follow our course without fear, and how to give ourselves for the sake of things greater than ourselves."
He also ruminates on the true meanings of "place" and "home"; offers a fable on the 1872 Mining Act, "the most anachronistic and devastating piece of 'corporate welfare' in the world"; and details how Montanans rallied to prevent a giant mining company from extracting gold near the Blackfoot River, the setting of the Norman Maclean classic A River Runs Through It. All in all, My Story As Told by Water is a moving collection by an exquisite writer endowed with wit, compassion, and the rare ability to appeal to both emotion and reason in equal measures. --Shawn CarkonenFrom the Inside Flap:
"This book is the Desert Solitaire of water."--Jim Harrison
"Original, skillful, and funny as hell."--Ian Frazier
"My Story as told by Water is the real McCoy, vivid and important, full of urgent news about living on earth."--Thomas McGuane
"About this title" may belong to another edition of this title.
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Book Description Counterpoint, 2002. Paperback. Book Condition: New. book. Bookseller Inventory # 1578050839
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Book Description SIERRA CLUB BOOKS, United States, 2002. Trade Paperback. Book Condition: New. TRADE PAPERBACK Legendary independent bookstore online since 1994. Reliable customer service and no-hassle return policy. Science and Mathematics>Nature Studies>General. Book: NEW, New. Bookseller Inventory # 07978157805083300. Bookseller Inventory # 07978157805083300
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text:
Ohio Campgrounds and RV Parks with Swimming
You're Here: Home Campground Guide Worldwide Swimming USA Swimming Ohio Swimming
Select a Region: Northeast Ohio | Northwest Ohio
Featured Campgrounds with Swimming in Ohio
Camping at the Lazy J RV Resort has great fun and excitment or as laid back and relaxing, as you and your family would like. Have a seat on our new front porch and get into that book you've been reading, fish off the banks of Bear Lake and catch dinner for the whole family. read more...
Phone: (419) 483-3177 Size: N/A Open Season: N/A Price Range: N/A
Nearest Popular City: Bellevue Nearest Lake/River: N/A Pets Allowed: Yes
Hook-up Options: Electric, Water, Sewer Campground Types: Tent Sites Only, Cabins Amenities: Restrooms, Showers, Store, Playground Equipment, Pavilions Activities: Paddling and Canoeing, Fishing, Golfing, Swimming, Volleyball, Horseshoes Details Provided By: Lazy J Family Campground
Bay Shore Family Campground is a beautiful campgroung that stand by itself as the only private campground on Pymatuning Lake with one-half mile of waterfront for you to enjoy. Our boat docking and launching facilities are second to none. read more...
Phone: (440) 293-7202 Size: N/A Open Season: N/A Price Range: $28 - $40
Nearest Popular City: Andover Nearest Lake/River: Pymatuning Lake Pets Allowed: Yes
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CHICAGO (Oct. 31)
"We are now well on the way to solving the Jewish DP problem," Prof. William Haber, advisor on Jewish affairs to the American military command in Europe, today told the 34th annual meeting of the Joint Distribution Committee. Some 2,000 delegates from various parts of the United States heard Prof. Haber's "progress report," a speech prepared by David E. Lilienthal, chairman of the Atomic Energy Commission, and Edward M.M. Warburg, chairman of the J.D.C.
Dr. Haber, who flew to the conference from Frankfurt, declared that "we are now well on the way to the solution of the Jewish DP problem. Although the end is by no means in sight," he continued, "we have crossed the roughest part of the road we have to travel in emptying the DP camps."
Some 4,000 Jewish DP's a month are leaving the camps for Israel, he disclosed. Of the 145,000 Jewish displaced persons in Germany, Austria and Italy, Israel will absorb 110,000, while the other 35,000 may expect to find new homes in the U. S., Canada and other lands, he said. Dr. Haber praised the U. S. army personnel in Germany, from General Clay down, for their "work and sympathetic understanding in handling the delicate, complex DP problem."
Contrasting the DP's of three years ago who, he said, were broken in body and spirit, with these same men and women today, Haber found them wearing a "new look of hope and dignity" with "their backs straight, their eyes clear" and looking "like any other human beings." Reporting on his recent visit to Israel, he declared that the former DP's are already contributing to the building of the Jewish state. "To some extent at least, the battle for Israel was won in the DP camps of Germany," he asserted.
Lilienthal, whose speech was read for him because he was confined to his home in Maryland on account of illness, praised the record of the J.D.C. as an inspiring "example and proof of humanitarian and ethical precepts in action." He added: "You have given to mankind, to a sorely troubled mankind, a living demonstration of faith through works, of brotherly love by deed as well as by word, of compassion for the homeless, the defenseless and the tortured, of tenderness for the fatherless and widowed."
Warburg described the "remarkable progress" made by the 1,400,000 displaced Jews of Europe since V-E Day. "They are on the road to life," he said, "an achievement due largely to the more than $200,000,000 the J.D.C. spent in their behalf since liberation." The agency's head then declared that next year's program of assistance would emphasize immigration activities and intensify the reconstruction program.
Since the end of the war, he said, the J.D.C. has helped 125,000 Jews leave Europe. Under the resettlement program, he added, 120,000 Jews in 1948 alone have been helped to become fully or partially self-supporting. "But the point where Europe's Jews can lead normal decent lives free from want and fear has not yet been reached," Warburg stated. "This is their goal and ours. If we do not fail them, they will reach this goal. And where there was almost no life there will again be life."
Opening the conference Saturday, Monroe Goldwater of New York, Chairman of the J.D.C. Reconstruction Committee, reported that one of the major problems facing the J.D.C. in Europe after the solution of the DP situation is that of the Jews who are "economically displaced." He cited as one instance of this problem, the existence of some 40,000 Jews in Rumania whom the J.D.C., because of a shortage of funds, has been unable to retrain for new occupations since their old commercial training is of no value in the new economic set-up in Rumania.
Moses A. Leavitt, executive vice-chairman of the J.D.C., told the session that "the emergency phase of the J.D.C.'s relief work is now completed." He revealed that more than 220,000,000 pounds of supplies — food, clothing, medicines, tools, religious and cultural articles — have been sent to Europe's 1,400,000 surviving Jews by the J.D.C. since V-E Day.
"Since the end of the war, when it appeared that Jewish life abroad was completely shattered," Leavitt continued, "the J.D.C. has been instrumental in rebuilding 900 Jewish communities across the Continent. To help achieve this remarkable feat, the J.D.C. now operates 382 childrens homes and institutions and 525 hospitals, clinics, sanatoria and dispensaries. In addition, 85,000 Jews attend school under the J.D.C. educational system in Europe; 440 synagogues and other religious institutions have been restored," he concluded.
A merger of the emigration staffs service of the J.D.C. and HIAS in Germany was announced by Leavitt. He said the merger was affected to facilitate immigration to the U.S. under the new DP act. He described it as one of several unifying actions the J.D.C. has taken in the past year to consolidate European Jewish aid activities.
A resolution supporting the J.D.C. regional program was also adopted unanimously by the board of directors.
The retirement of Paul Baerwald as treasurer was also announced at the meeting. Baerwald, a founder of the agency in 1914, was hailed in a resolution adopted by the board of directors as a "pillar of strength" in the J.D.C. Benjamin Abrams of New York was elected to succeed him.
Officers re-elected at the conference included Warburg, chairman; Leavitt, executive vice-chairman; Dr. Joseph J. Schwartz, chairman of the European Executive Council; Judge Maurice Bernon of Cleveland, chairman of the National Council, and John Balaban of Chicago, chairman of the J.D.C. West Central Region.


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Correcting Nothing?
Oct 1st, 2008 by Randy Toman
In a speech May 22, read more 1932 Frankin Delono Roosevelt said this.
" We need to correct, viagra 100mg by drastic means if necessary, look the faults in our economic system from which we now suffer."
Now you talk about inefficiency 76 years later since those words were spoken we still have the same system and believe it or not the same problems. How can this be? The Bankers and the Federal Reserve still have us on the "Rack" and they are stretching us like a rubber band.
Yes, we must correct this situation, get rid of the Fed and there corrupt monetary system, along with the present day income tax. What do you think of those "drastic means"?
How can our Republican Leaders in Washington not see that? I want some liberal to explain to me how we can possibly sustain this debt creating type of monetary system while they wish to tax the citizen beyond his means, borrowing and spending beyond the systems ability to pay for it. They (both sides) have created a debt that is crushing the people and the economy. I would think the flaming liberal would see the folly of what they are doing and want to change the system to accommodate their goals of "Socialism".
The funny thing about FDR's words, he knew the "Bankers" through the Federal Reserve and Income Tax were running the country. He only went along with what they wanted and that was expansion of debt, which was a bigger monetary market for them, with more interest bearing debt thereby increasing their earnings. (You do know that the Fed is a private company and not part of the government) And it is common knowledge that Roosevelt's government policy's and government programs extend the length and depth of the depression. Just like today's policy's will expend this coming depression.
Roosevelt's policy's and program's just like today's Housing Loan Policy's created the same type of false marketing conditions thereby preventing the true effects of capitalism and what would of corrected the situation. What happen today is the "Bankers" got greedy and lost control and didn't realize it until it was to late.
The "Bail Out" bill is in the process of being sweeten so they think, what are the odds it is going to pass this time? It will be voted on again and I say it will be passed all the while nothing was done to correct anything.
We Shall See!


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Okay, I couldn't resist the alliteration but I have already traveled and it is not yet Tishrei. We are still in the holy, soul checking month of Elul. However, I have traveled.I left my safe and lovely home in Denver Colorado (as well as my delightful and fun colleagues at Patheos) to travel all by my lonesome to Eretz Yisrael, the land of Israel. The travel part was long. It involved a rented minivan and drive from Denver to NYC as my younger brother was starting grad school in the city. Then … [Read more...]
Traveling Talia for Tishrei
September 1, 2010 by


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So, I restarted the cluster (not rolling), but it is still maintaining hints for the IP's that are no longer part of the ring. nodetool ring shows things correctly (as only 3 nodes).
When I check thru the jmx hintedhandoff manager, it shows it is maintaining the hints for those non existent IP's. So the question is
Ā- How can I remove these IP permanently, so hints do not get saved?
Ā- Not all nodes see the same list of IP's
Yup, you can check the what HH is doing via JMX.
there is a bug in 0.7 that can result in log files not been deletedĀhttps://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/CASSANDRA-2829CheersĀOn 22/08/2011, at 4:56 AM, Anand Somani wrote:We have a lot of space on /data, and looks like it was flushing data fine from file timestamps.
We did have a bit of goofup with IP's when bringing up a down node (and the commit files have been around since then). Wonder if that is what triggered it and we have a bunch of hinted handoff's being backed up.
For hinted hand off - how do I check if the nodes are collecting hints ( I do have it turned on). I noticed console bean HintedHandManager, is that the only way to find out.On Sun, Aug 21, 2011 at 9:20 AM, Peter Schuller <email@example.com> wrote:
> When does the actual commit-data file get deleted.They *should* be getting deleted when they no longer contain any data
> The flush interval on all my memtables is 60 minutes
that has not been flushed to disk. Are flushes definitely still
happening? Is it possible flushing has started failing (e.g. out of
The only way I can think of over nodes directly affecting the commit
log size on your node would be e.g. hinted handoff resulting in burst
of writes.
/ Peter Schuller (@scode on twitter)


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Wednesday's teacher workshops in Chicago on "conflict resolution" were cause for both dismay and hope.
The idea behind conflict resolution, one of education's hottest topics, is to teach children this very simple concept: fighting doesn't solve anything. The sad reality is that teachers are being asked to solve problems that begin at home.


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I visited my family physician and told him of a pain I developed in my shin (immediately to the right of my shin bone) which feels as if it is burning. It feels like a shin splint would feel but hurts most when I elevate my leg rather than while I'm walking. The pain is intermittent and will feel better when I wake up in the morning and feel okay during the day while I'm working, but when I get home and put my feet up, the burning pain starts and doesn't subside until late in the evening.
In the past, the pain has lasted for as long as a week and then subsided for a week. Recently, it started again. My doctor ordered some blood tests to determine if the cause was from my medicines or a possible clot. The determination was no. I'm taking armour thyroid and estrogen. About 2 1/2 years ago, my doctor prescribed daily aspirin therapy as well as 2,000 mg fish oil and B100.
What could be causing this?READ MORE


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Without leaving an attempt to do something better or the same as 2048, we continue to receive games for your android that are trying to change something, here is another attempt.
We all know such a legendary game as PAC-MAN, on the basis of which a new positive project has appeared, to which we are now turning our attention. By the way, there are fish;)
A fresh project from the once-loved studio Ketchapp, which as usual is a bit like the others, like gameplay, and modest design, let's see what else ...
An original time killer for a reaction that will allow you to destroy the next batch of your time in the presence of surpluses, which quite often happens in our life.
It's been a long time since I lost count, so I'm not trying, but one way or another, we are waiting for another theme with a zombie in the style of pixel-art and an excellent atmosphere of apocalypse and despair.
Classics can be different - it's just that the principles catch on, and it's a cult, as in this case, because we have a remake of a great game from our own studio, what could be better?


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Studio W Photographer
Cam HavilandModel Female Los Angeles, California, US
My MM URL: http://www.modelmayhem.com/camhaviland
Mayhem # 2501293
About MePlease feel free to message me here on ModelMayhem.
Hello all!
I'll be traveling quite a bit over the summer months, so check with me for availability. If I'm around, maybe we can plan something together!
Due to a variety of factors in my life right now, I will be unable to check MM as often, which means it may take me a little while to reply to messages over the next few months. I appreciate the understanding. Cheers. (2/24/2012)
I'm Cam Haviland, a female model located in Downtown LA.
I've been accepted to do a variety of shoots, though I am most experienced in cosplay/costuming.
I've got height, an outgoing personality, and a willingness to be adventurous with shoots. I'd love to establish some great MUA, photography, etc connections here in LA.
Contact me for my schedule/availability.
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Crocodile Islands
The Crocodile Islands are a group of islands belonging to the Yan-nhangu speaking Yolngu people of the Northern Territory of Australia. They are located off the coast of Arnhem Land in the Arafura Sea. The largest of the inner islands in the group is Milingimbi Island (Yurruwi), with other large islands including Mooroongga (Murrungga), Yabooma (Rapuma), Gananggaringur (Gananggananggarr) and Crocodile Island (Nilpaywa). Smaller islands include Darbada, Boojiragi (Budjirriki), Mardanaingura, Northwest Crocodile(Gurriba) and North-east Crocodile Islands (Brul-brul), and North-west Crocodile Reef (Gununba No 1). The islands were formed by stabilising sea levels 5000 years before present. They were discovered by the Dutch in the seventeenth century and named the Crocodils Eÿlandt. Several of the Crocodile Islands, with their associated mudflats, have been identified by BirdLife International as forming the Milingimbi Islands Important Bird Area (IBA) because they support large numbers of waders, or shorebirds.[1] Murrungga Island has one of the most significant migratory bird nesting and breeding sites in the North of Australia. R Chatto pers com. The enormous fresh water lakes of Garratha, Riyanhuna and Ganbuwa are home to hundreds of species of birds, as well as a large population of Saltwater Crocodiles, after which the islands are named.
Access to the islands is restricted; before visiting, permission must be sought from the appropriate land council.
See also[edit]
- ^ "IBA: Miligimbi Islands". Birdata. Birds Australia. Retrieved 2011-08-15.[dead link]
Coordinates: 11°56′02″S 135°04′41″E / 11.934°S 135.078°E
|This Northern Territory geography article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.


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ARIZARD-L ArchivesArchiver > ARIZARD > 2008-12 > 1229096632
From: "Betty McCollum" <>
Subject: [ARIZARD] War of 1812
Date: Fri, 12 Dec 2008 09:44:40 -0600
I have found a record of where my Gr-Gr-gr-grandfather Edmond Caruthers served iin the War of 1812. There is a Roll Box number and a Roll Exct. number. I'm wondering if there is another place that I can go to and type in these numbers and get more information? Anyone know? Help..and thanks.
Betty Mc
This thread:
|[ARIZARD] War of 1812 by "Betty McCollum" <>