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what was your dream about..
Islamic dreams about Whispering Left Ear find dream interpretations. Meanings & explanations for Whispering Left Ear dictionary!
Whispering Left Ear dream interpretations
Testicle Dream Explanation
— The
testicle means a son will be born to him. If the
one is ripped or missing, it means no sons will be born to him.
Left hand Dream Explanation
— (See Body; Food)
Ear Dream Explanation
— The
symbolizes the man's wife or daughter. It also represents religion.
• Having three ears: The dreamer has a wife and two daughters.
• Having four ears: (1) The dreamer has four women. (2) He has four girls without a mother.
• Having one ear: No relative will stay alive.
• Having half an ear: Wife will die and the dreamer will remarry.
• One
having fallen: (1) Will divorce. (2) A daughter will die.
• Wearing an earring: Will marry one's daughter to someone, and she will give birth to a male child.
• Filling or obstructing one's ears with something: The dreamer is an atheist.
Dream Explanation
— The
symbolises a perbond wife or daughter. If the
is seen not functioning (or as dead) it means he will divorce his wife or she will die. It could also mean his daughter will get married.
Ear Dream Explanation
— • An unidentified old man cutting off the dreamer's ears: Will have to pay double compensation and damage.
• Severing a man's ear: (1) The dreamer is betraying that man with his family or child. (2) The dreamer's prosperity and prestige will wane.
• Dreaming that one's two ears have been cut: (1) If wife is pregnant, she will die. (2) If the dreamer is a bachelor, a female relative will die.
• Cleaning one's ear: Will receive good news.
Ear Dream Explanation
— If one discovers that he has an extra
in a dream, it means a permission is given to him to fulfill what he intends. The number of ears one sees in a dream also represent the different arts and sciences, but they could also mean that the person in question has no stability. In a dream, one's
may represent the jewelry a woman attaches to herself as ornaments. To clog one's ears with one's own fingers in a dream means death in a repugnant state of innovation. Plugging one's own ears in a dream also means ignoring a repulsive thought. Plugging one's ears in a dream also could mean becoming an advisor to someone or a caller to prayers in a mosque, i.e., a muezzin.
Ear Dream Explanation
— (Awareness; Deafness; Hearing; Stability) One's
in a dream represents his hearing, the point of his awareness, his rank, child, property or his status. The
in a dream also represents knowledge, reason, religion, extent of one's wealth, or pride about one's lineage. If one's hearing becomes clearer or increases in sensibility, or if he sees light beaming from his ears or driving into them in a dream, this dream will represent his guidance, obedience to his Lord and consent to His command. If he sees his ears looking smaller or producing an offensive odor in a dream, it means that he may go astray and indulge in actions that will incur Allah's displeasure.
Ear Dream Explanation
— If one's ears are transformed into an animal's ears in a dream, it means losing respect or developing inertness or apathy. As one's awareness, one's
in a dream represents a pouch, a wallet, a coffer or a safe. Ears in a dream are also interpreted to mean separation from one's wife or daughter. If only half of one's
is there in the dream, it means the death of his wife. If one finds himself deaf in his dream, it means that he may lose his faith. Having large ears in a dream means shunning or avoiding what is true. If one sees as though his ears have eyes in the dream, it means that he may lose his sight. If one sees himself eating the accumulated wax of his ears in the dream, it means that he is a child molester. If one sees grass growing all over him but does not cover his ears or eyes in the dream, it means prosperity. (Also see Body; Earwax)
Ear Dream Explanation
— • Having many ears: (1) The dreamer rejects right and justice. (2) Good dream for a person who wishes to have someone who obeys him, like the wife, the children, and the bondsmen. (3) Bad dream for the underdog, meaning that he will perpetually listen and obey. (4) Will be convicted and hear the sentence. (5) Will triumph over opponents, if any.
• A rich person seeing plenty of beautifully assorted ears: Will hear good news, which will make him feel merry. The reverse is also true.
• Seeing two eyes in one's ears: Will become blind. The dreamer will hear with his ears what he used to see with his eyes.
Embellishment of the
Dream Explanation
— Seeing the
adorned with jewelry of any sort serves as a glad tiding that his daughter or wife are living a tranquil and happy life.
Incident - Pebble Going Into
Dream Explanation
— A man said to Imam Ibn Sirin: "I saw a pebble going into my
in a dream. Then I shook my head and got it out of there." Imam Ibn Sirin replied: "You mix with people of innovation, and you hear bad words, though God willing, at the end, you will repent."
A Snake leaving a Perbond
or Stomach Dream Explanation
— If a snake is seen leaving his
, stomach or back passage it means he has an enemy amongst his children who will soon part from him
Jinn - Or Djinn Dream Explanation
— • The world being inhabited by the jan: A reference to bandits and garbage collectors or guardians.
• Jan dwelling in wells and bathrooms: (1) Adulterers. (2) Those who molest or harass women and men alike.
• Jinn's dwelling in a house: Evil neighbours.
• A jinn
in one's
or inciting the dreamer: The latter is actively worshiping and obeying God to overcome his enemy.
• A worker or a farmer dreaming that a jinn has snatched his robe and run away with it: Will be fired or harmed.
Satan Dream Explanation
— If one ties Satan with chains in a dream, it means that he will win victory in his life together with might and fame. If one sees himself deceived by a group of satans in a dream, it means that he will suffer financial losses or lose his job. If Satan strips someone from his clothing in a dream, it means that the latter will lose a battle to an enemy. If one sees Satan
something in his
in dream, it means that he will be dismissed from his job. If one sees himself defying and fighting Satan in a dream, it means that he is a true and a strong believer who obeys his Lord and who holds fast to his religious obligations.
Hand Dream Explanation
— • Putting a hand under the armpit and drawing it back to find water in it: Will have money.
• Having an extra hand: (1) More influence and strength. (2) Will have a brother. (3) Will have a child.
• Being left-handed: Difficulties are ahead. (The word for left-handed in Arabic, Aasar, comes from 'osr, meaning "difficulty.)
• Doing something with the
hand: Will get what you want but late.
• Stretching both hands: Extreme generosity, magnanimity.
Earwax Dream Explanation
— (Auditory meatus; Cerumen) If one sees himself cleaning the yellowish wax like secretion found in the canal of his external
, or if he is cleaning it from someone else's ears in a dream, it means that he will acquire a needed antidote or poison or become free from the plot of envious people. If one cleanse his ears from earwax or from other dirt in a dream, it means that he will hear good and pleasing news. If one sees himself eating the earwax he extracts from his own ears in a dream, it means that he is a child molester. Cleaning the wax of one's ears in a dream also means hearing pleasing news. (Also see Ear)
Beehive Dream Explanation
— In ancient times, if a king or ruler saw himself replacing the bees, it meant that he would select a heavily populated country, rich in legitimate resources, to add to his dominion. If he managed to enter their beehive, it meant that he would triumph and rule in the selected country. If he took the honey and
nothing to the bees, it meant that he would behave as a tyrant and confiscate the people's property. In case he took his share and
the rest to the bees, it meant that he would be just and reap a fair profit.
Earwig Dream Explanation
— (Beetle; Insect; Worm) An insect with pincers that seeks out the human
to crawl into his body (folk.) In a dream, an earwig represents the enemy of the leaders.
Pregnancy Dream Explanation
— This symbolises a persons increment in material wealth. At times it represents
for a certain person in view of the following adage: Qad habala fil ardhi khawful fulaanin. This means that the earth is pregnant and burdened as a result of terror caused by so –and-so.
Satan Dream Explanation
— • Chaining up or tying up Satan: Glory in view of the Quranic verses: "And the unruly, every builder and diver (made We subservient), and others linked together in chains… "48 ("Sad," verses 37–38.)
• A devil diving or descending on the dreamer: He will lie and commit an abomination in view of the Quranic verse: "They descend on every sinful, false one." [The Poets], verse 222.)
to Satan: The dreamer will connive with his enemies and plot against the pious but fail, in view of the Quranic verse: "Lo! Conspiracy is only of the Devil, that he may vex those who believe; but he can harm them not at all unless by Allah's leave. In Allah let believers put their trust." ("Al-Mujadalah" [The Argumentation], verse 10.)
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Author Comments
Rated 3 / 5 stars
"Falling" animation is too slow
Nice, simple theme. Fun to play and mildly addicting. I only wish the blocks didn't tak so long to fall, or I might have been willing to play for a lot more levels.
Rated 0.5 / 5 stars
this is boring ive seen better games
Rated 1 / 5 stars
nothing to new or interesting
There are a lot of games like this one no matter what they say its a rip off of another game but it was entertaining so i gave it a two out of ten
Rated 4 / 5 stars
Thinking Game
This was a fairly fun stragetic game for people who want to think.
Rated 5 / 5 stars
good made me think
it made me think

subset: commoncrawl


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Pace is the best! Super stoked John made it by, and took photos of their space. So much history in that building.
I hope to have a few caps on this wall someday!
July 17, 2014 at 7:02 pm - Leave a Comment
Videos always get me in the mood to blog…
July 17, 2014 at 12:36 pm - Leave a Comment
and I hate blogging!
Anybody know where this t-shirt hangs?
July 17, 2014 at 12:25 pm - 3 Comments
Image from…HERE!
Or do you know where this t-shirt from? Clue…it is not from Breaking Away.
I've never lost a race, it just wasn't long enough!
July 17, 2014 at 12:23 pm - Leave a Comment


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Marriage Celebration
09/09/10 7:55AM By Larry Doane
| Download MP3
Visit The Series Page:
Report From Afghanistan
(Host) This week, we're looking at the Vermont National Guard's deployment to Afghanistan from a soldier's perspective with Captain Larry Doane, a VPR commentator.
In today's entry, he describes joining a celebration for an Afghan marriage.(Doane) Saving enough money to get married can be the major obstacle to a young Afghan man's happiness.
The interpreters assigned to my unit are no different. They're all trying to save enough money for a wedding and prove themselves to a potential bride's family. It's what drives many of them to continue to work with us, despite the danger and long hours.
My 'terps', as we've come to call them, are a brave lot and take the same risks my own troops take. The nickname itself is a term of endearment around here and carries the same dignity as our own makeshift titles of 'grunt' or 'doc'.
One night, as our day winds down two of the terps approach me with a request and an invitation. The request is simple. They need a tent to throw a party. The invitation comes in the same breath. Would I like to attend an Afghan engagement party? As I raise my eyebrows one of the other interpreters interjects. "It's like a bachelor party! We must celebrate that he has finally found a wife!"
Later that night I find myself in a very different place than anything else I've experienced so far in Afghanistan. Indian and Persian music fills the tent, occasionally punctuated with the odd Madonna or other American pop song. Afghan men are far less concerned with western "macho" ideas than my own troops are. We quickly discover one example of this. The 'man dance'.
In a scene that I can't ever imagine happening in my world back home, our tent is filled with Afghan men dancing and laughing together. Glitter and confetti are everywhere as the celebration continues.
The dancing is strange mix of traditional local styles and things they could have only seen on MTV. I'm initially uncomfortable with the sight, but the sheer hilarity and joy of the event takes over and soon I'm laughing and clapping along. I manage to stay on the sidelines while some of my troops are dragged into the circle. And for a little while all of us get a break from the stress and the worry of this war, courtesy of the Afghan man dance.


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Join the Denver chapter of the Sex Workers Outreach Project to remember sex workers who have been survivors and victims of violence. We ask that you join us in solidarity to fight the criminalization, oppression, assault, rape, and murder of sex workers and people perceived as sex workers.
When: Saturday, December 17th at 7:00 p.m.
Where: Please contact SWOP Denver for location and directions
phone: 720-262-7401 email (preferred): email@example.com
Who: Current & former sex workers, our allies, friends, families, and communities. This event is free and open to the public.
On the 8th annual International Day to End Violence Against Sex Workers we remember those we have lost to violence, oppression, and hatred. Whether perpetrated by clients, opportunistic serial killers, partners, pimps or traffickers, the police, or the state, we must stand against the cycle of violence experienced by sex workers around the world.
This day was founded to memorialize and honor the sex workers who were murdered by Oregon serial killer Gary Ridgeway who said, "I also picked prostitutes as victims because they were easy to pick up without being noticed. I knew they would not be reported missing right away and might never be reported missing. I picked prostitutes because I thought I could kill as many of them as I wanted without getting caught." (http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/3245301.stm)
Evening schedule
Introduction to the service by our M.C.
Vigil/reading of the names of sex workers who we have lost this past year
Speak out: Bring poetry, writings, or just speak your truth.
The red umbrella has become an important symbol for Sex Workers Rights and it is increasingly being used on December 17. First adopted by Venetian sex workers for an anti-violence march in 2002, red umbrellas have come to symbolize resistance against discrimination for sex workers worldwide.
We must come together to show the world that the lives of marginalized peoples, including sex workers, are valuable.


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Ethnic cleansing continues in Benton Harbor. Whirlpool needs the area "cleaned up."
What's wrong with human suffering and destroying lives (not to mention the Great Lakes and environs) so rich white men can play golf?
Here's a dated article from Time on America's drug war: http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,985050,00.html It's all still true. Over half of US prisoners are in for drugs. Our national madness: 1 in 100 Americans are incarcerated - more than any country on the planet. Research this issue and what you find is mega-corruption on many levels. There are good films on the topic - American Drug War: The Last White Hope (2007) is one worth watching.
Six arrested in BH drug busts
Herald Palladium, Sat., May 15, 2010
BENTON HARBOR - Four people were arrested on drug charges after police served search warrants at four residences in Benton Harbor this week, the Berrien County Sheriff's Department reported. Two other people were arrested on unrelated warrants during the drug busts.
The narcotics unit, along with road patrol, Benton Harbor police and the U.S. Drug Enforcement Agency made the arrests at 1172 Columbus Ave., 1002 McAllister St., 607 McAllister St. and 862 Lavette Ave., police said.
The search warrants were the result of investigation into citizen tips regarding possible illegal drugs at the residences. Police said they seized suspected cocaine and marijuana, $424 in cash and other evidence of drug trafficking.
The following people were arrested for investigation on the listed charges: *******, 36, of **********, possession of cocaine, possession of marijuana and maintaining a drug house, all second offenses; ***********, 22, of *********, possession of marijuana and maintaining a drug house, both second offenses; **********, 34, of ************, possession of cocaine, possession of marijuana and maintaining a drug house; **************, 29, of **************, possession of cocaine, second offense; and ***************, 24, of ************, felony warrant for probation violations and bench warrant for contempt of court.
A Watervliet woman at one of the houses was arrested on a misdemeanor warrant for driving with a suspended license, police said.
black autonomy network community organization working for economic and social justice in Benton Harbor, MI ...exposing state and local NAACP corruption
Sign the PETITION
Write to Pinkney: Rev. Edward Pinkney #294671, Brooks/Fremont C.F., 2500 S. Sheridan Drive, Muskegon Heights, MI 49444
Rev. Pinkney Arrested AGAIN, supporters: Justice4Pinkney, Lynn Stewart, Voice Of Detroit, EXPOSED, Lee Camp, FreePinkney, Workers World, Green Party Watch, Black Agenda Report, Moratorium-Now, Opperman Report, People's Tribune
Twitter: @FreeRevPinkney, @Justice4Pinkney Pinterest
Wednesday, May 19, 2010
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(12/18/2008) NEW HAVEN- The City of New Haven would like to remind residents that the pending snow storm expected tomorrow may result in a parking ban for some New Haven streets. For announcements regarding snow bans including off-street parking alternatives during the overnight hours while the parking ban is in effect, please visit the City's web site at www.cityofnewhaven.com or call 203-946-7669 (203-946-SNOW).
Contact Name: Jessica Mayorga
Contact Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Contact Phone: 203-946-7660


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I was sledding down Smuggler Saturday afternoon and came to a stop as a large Doberman rushed me. The dog bit me leaving a painful 6-inch bruise and scratch on my thigh. The owner was at least 50 feet away when it happened.
As the owner walked by me she said her dog only goes after sledders and there is no way she can control him. So my question is, if she knows this, why would she have her dog off-leash on a trail where sledders are an everyday occurrence this time of year? Even if this dog was on-leash I have my doubts that this thin, petite woman could have controlled such a big, powerful dog.
I was reluctant to file a report until I thought about the likelihood of this dog biting someone else if I didn't. Just the other day I saw a mom and dad walking up Smuggler with two small children carrying sleds. The thought of this large, out-of-control dog going after those young girls prompted me to report the incident. It turns out a woman called the Aspen Police Department a week prior about being bit by a dog of the same description while sledding down Smuggler.
I love this town and the people in it. I hope my willingness to file a report with local authorities and share this information via a letter to the editor sends a clear message to the dog owner, hopefully preventing anyone else from being bitten by this dog.
Kim Estock


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It's a familiar story. You work somewhere, you leave – and then, after a while, you declare that the place has been going to the dogs since your departure.
Lord Hurd is the latest person to indulge himself in this way.
The former foreign secretary (and, long before that, former diplomat) was sounding off about his old stomping ground in Lords debate this afternoon.
"We should notice and take account of what I believe is a malaise becoming increasingly apparent in its [the Foreign Office's] working," the Press Association reported him as saying.
"I base this not on statistics or surveys but on the steady accumulation of anecdotal evidence which comes from friends, from acquaintances and strangers – varied in content, but almost unanimous in its thrust.
"And that thrust is that the Foreign Office in London is ceasing to be a storehouse of knowledge providing valued advice to ministers and increasingly an office of management – management of a steadily shrinking overseas service."
Hurd said the FCO was in danger of reverting to the 19th century model in which officials were "treated as clerks" rather than "policy advisers with time to think and bring weight to bear on their advice to ministers".
"My main concern is the Foreign Office itself ... has been hollowed out," he added.
"I plead that it should once again consist of and produce a reserve of knowledge which can put advice from overseas posts in a strategic context and hold its own in arguments with the prime minister."
It would be easy to dismiss this as standard, nostalgic whinging. But, in a recent interview in the New Statesman, the current foreign secretary, David Miliband, seemed to indicate that there might be some truth in what Hurd was saying.
"Tony [Blair] had become such a dominant figure in foreign policy that the FO had lost a lot of confidence," Miliband said – although (as you would expect) he also claimed that that was no longer the case.


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Hey there, time traveller!
This article was published 21/3/2014 (1223 days ago), so information in it may no longer be current.
PERTH, Australia -- Three Australian planes took off at dawn today for a third day of scouring the desolate southern Indian Ocean for possible parts of missing Malaysia Airlines Flight 370, now lost for two full weeks.
Australia promised its best efforts to resolve "an extraordinary riddle," but two days of searching the seas about 2,500 kilometres southwest of Perth have not produced any evidence.
A satellite spotted two large objects in the area earlier this week, raising hopes of finding the Boeing 777 that disappeared March 8 with 239 people on board.
"It's about the most inaccessible spot that you could imagine on the face of the Earth, but if there is anything down there, we will find it," Prime Minister Tony Abbott said at a news conference in Papua New Guinea.
"We owe it to the families and the friends and the loved ones of the almost 240 people on Flight MH370 to do everything we can to try to resolve what is as yet an extraordinary riddle," he added.
A total of six aircraft were searching the region today: two ultra long-range commercial jets and four P3 Orions, the Australian Maritime Safety Authority said.
Because of the distance to the area, the Orions will have enough fuel to search for two hours, while the commercial jets can stay for five hours before heading back to the base.
Two merchant ships were in the area, and the HMAS Success, a navy supply ship, was due to arrive late Saturday afternoon. Weather in the search zone was expected to be relatively good, with some cloud cover.
Two Chinese aircraft are expected to arrive in Perth today to join the search, and two Japanese planes will arrive Sunday. A small flotilla of ships from China is still several days away. The plane passengers included 154 Chinese citizens.
AMSA officials also were checking to see if there was any new satellite imagery that could provide more information. The satellite images were taken March 16, but the search in the area did not start until Thursday because it took time to analyze them.
In Kuala Lumpur, where the plane took off for Beijing, Malaysian Defence Minister Hishammuddin Hussein called the process "a long haul" as he thanked the more than two dozen countries involved in a search that stretches from Kazakhstan in Central Asia to the southern Indian Ocean.
Searchers on Friday relied mostly on trained spotters aboard the planes rather than radar, which found nothing Thursday, Australian officials said. The search will focus more on visual sightings because civilian aircraft are being brought in. The military planes will continue to use both radar and spotters.
"Noting that we got no radar detections yesterday, we have replanned the search to be visual. So aircraft flying relatively low, very highly skilled and trained observers looking out of the aircraft windows and looking to see objects," said John Young, manager of the maritime safety authority's emergency response division.
Malaysia asked the U.S. for undersea surveillance equipment to help in the search, said Rear Adm. John Kirby, a Pentagon spokesman. Defence Secretary Chuck Hagel promised to assess the availability of the technology and its usefulness in the search, Kirby said.
The Pentagon says it has spent $2.5 million to operate ships and aircraft in the search and has budgeted another $1.5 million for the efforts.
-- The Associated Press


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This article is an open-access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).
Isoflavones exist in nature predominantly as glucosides such as daidzin or genistin and are rarely found in their corresponding aglycone forms daidzein and genistein. The metabolism and absorption of isoflavones ingested with food is well documented, but little is known about their use as topical photo-protective agents. The aim of this study was to investigate in a comparative analysis the photo-protective effects of isoflavones in both their aglycone and glucoside forms. In human skin fibroblasts irradiated with 60 mJ/cm2 ultraviolet B (UVB), we measured the expression levels of COX-2 and Gadd45, which are involved in inflammation and DNA repair, respectively. We also determined the cellular response to UVB-induced DNA damage using the comet assay. Our findings suggest that both the isoflavone glucosides at a specific concentration and combination with an aglycone mixture exerted an anti-inflammatory and photo-protective effect that prevented 41% and 71% of UVB-induced DNA damage, respectively. The advantages of using either isoflavone glucosides or an aglycone mixture in applications in the field of dermatology will depend on their properties and their different potential uses.
Isoflavones are major soybean flavonoids that have recently attracted considerable interest because of their beneficial properties for coronary heart disease, cancer prevention, and osteoporosis [
In preliminarily experiments, we evaluated the effects of the soy isoflavones on cell proliferation and viability. For this purpose, we carried out MTT assays in proliferating BJ-5ta skin cells after treatment with increasing concentrations, from 2 μM to 60 μM, of isoflavones in the glucoside forms genistin and daidzin or in RPH-aglycone extract. BJ-5ta skin cells were collected for analysis after 24 h of treatment. As shown in
Subsequently, to determine whether the glucoside forms of isoflavones or the mixture of aglycone forms affected the mRNA levels of COX-2 and Gadd45, we examined gene expression by real-time PCR in non-UVB irradiated BJ-5ta skin cells.
To test the effect of the isoflavone glucosides and aglycones on COX-2 and Gadd45 gene expression in BJ-5ta human skin cells irradiated with 60 mJ/cm2 UVB, we used a concentration of each isoflavone that did not induce gene expression in the unirradiated cells.
Similarly, treatment with the RPH-aglycone mixture at 8 μM and 10 μM in irradiated cells reduced the level of COX-2 mRNA, but the expression of Gadd45 mRNA was not affected by treatment with these same concentrations (
The results of the real-time PCR analysis at the most effective concentrations of the RPH-aglycone mixture are shown in
Finally, we evaluated the cellular response to UVB-induced DNA damage using the comet assay. First, we assessed the effects of various concentrations of either genistin or daidzin glucosides (2 μM, 6 μM, and 10 μM) on UVB-induced DNA damage evaluated as Tail Moments (TMs). As shown in
Treatment with RPH-aglycone at concentrations of 8 μM and 10 μM 2 h before irradiation with 60 mJ/cm2 UVB reduced UVB-induced DNA damage by approximately 58% and 71%, respectively (
The major isoflavones in soybeans are the glucosides daidzin and genistin and their corresponding aglycone forms, daidzein and genistein. Their effects reflect their different states of glycosylation. The aim of this study was to investigate in a comparative analysis the photo-protective effects of isoflavones in their aglycone and glucoside forms. For this purpose, we investigated the efficacy of daidzin and genistin, either individually or combined, as well as an RPH-aglycone mixture (a standardized glycine soy extract titrated to 90% in isoflavone aglycones, with a 1:4 ratio of genistein to daidzein) in protecting BJ-5ta skin cells against the inflammation and DNA damage induced by UVB irradiation. First, we investigated the effect of the isoflavones in both their aglycone and glucoside forms on the cell proliferation and viability of BJ-5ta skin cells. We carried out trypan blue assays and MTT assays in non-UVB-irradiated and UVB-irradiated BJ-5ta skin cells after treatment with increasing concentrations of genistin, daidzin, or RPH-aglycone. We found that the addition of the glucoside forms did not significantly affect either cell viability or cell proliferation at any concentrations tested. Second, we investigated the anti-inflammatory and DNA repair properties of the isoflavones in their aglycone and glucoside forms. To this end, we evaluated the UVB-induced expression of COX-2 and Gadd45. COX exists in two isoforms, the constitutive COX-1 form and the inducible COX-2 form, both produced in abundance by activated macrophages and other cells at the site of inflammation [
BJ-5ta cells, which are human skin fibroblast cells immortalized with human telomerase reverse transcriptase, were cultured in a 4:1 mixture of Dulbecco's medium (Gibco Laboratories, North Andover, MA, USA) and Medium 199 (Sigma-Aldrich, Oakville, ON, Canada) supplemented with four parts Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium (Gibco Laboratories) containing 4 mM
Daidzin and genistin are glucosides that were supplied by Alfachem S.r.l. (Milan, Italy). RPH-aglycone was supplied by the Rottapharm-Madaus (Monza, Italy); this is a standardized glycine soy extract titrated to 90% in isoflavone aglycones, in which the genistein is present in a defined 1:4 ratio with respect to daidzein. The characterization of the aglycone solution in alcohol revealed that the product has a purity of >90%.
BJ-5ta cells were plated onto 60-mm culture plates in 4 mL of fresh culture medium. After incubation for 1 day at 37 °C in 5% CO2, the samples were treated with genistin and/or daidzin and RPH-aglycone (dissolved in DMSO) 2 h prior to UVB irradiation at 60 mJ/cm2. Namely, the cells were treated with concentrations from 2 to 60 μM of genistin and daidzin, respectively, and from 2 to 50 μM of RPH-aglycone mixture. For different combinations, we used genistin in the presence of daidzin in the following formulations: 2 μM genistin plus 2 μM daidzin; 2 μM genistin plus 4 μM daidzin; 4 μM genistin plus 8 μM daidzin; 6 μM genistin plus 8 μM daidzin; 8 μM genistin plus 8 μM daidzin; 10 μM genistin plus 2 μM daidzin; 10 μM genistin plus 4 μM daidzin; 10 μM genistin plus 10 μM daidzin. After pre-treatment for 2 h with substances, the cells were washed and covered with 0.5 mL of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), and the sub-confluent cells were irradiated with UVB (290–320 nm). The PBS was then replaced with 4 mL of culture medium containing again the isoflavones, and the cells were allowed to recover for 24 h. The control samples were treated with DMSO at the same concentration of different treatments and were processed as the other samples. Twenty-four hours after UVB irradiation, the cells were washed with PBS, and harvested to evaluate the DNA damage by Comet assay and to prepare total RNA for Real Time PCR analysis.
As a source of UVB, six Philips TL12/60W fluorescent lamps (Philips, Eindhoven, The Netherlands) emitting UVB light between 290 and 320 nm with a peak emission of 300 nm were used. The intensity of UVB irradiation, measured with a UV meter (Spectrolyne mod., Spectronics Corp., Westbury, NY, USA), was 0.8 mW/cm2.
The MTT (3-[4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay was used to measure cell viability after treatment with isoflavones. Briefly, 10 μL of MTT (0.05 mg/mL) was added into each well for additional 4 h incubation at 37 °C. After four hours, culture was removed and MTT formazan crystals were dissolved in acidified isopropanol (supplied by Sigma-Aldrich kit). Finally, the absorbance was measured spectrophotometrically with a microplate reader at a wavelength of 570 nm and background absorbance was subtracted measuring at 690 nm. The experiments were independently performed three times and each experiment contained triple replicates.
Cell vitality was also determined with the Trypan blue method [
BJ-5ta cells were exposed to UVB or treated with isoflavones for 2 h before UVB irradiation and harvested after 24 h for RNA extraction. RT-PCR was performed using total RNA. RNA was prepared with TRI Reagent, according to the manufacturer's recommendations (Sigma Chemical Co., St. Louis, MO, USA). The purity of the RNA preparation was verified by measuring its absorbance ratio at 260/280 nm. Total RNA was subjected to cDNA synthesis with random hexanucleotide primers and MultiScribe reverse transcriptase (Invitrogen) at 48 °C for 1 h. The cDNA was then amplified in an iCycler iQ real-time PCR detection system (Bio-Rad Laboratories S.r.l., Segrate (MI), Italy) using iQTM SYBR Green Supermix (Bio-Rad Laboratories) in triplicate in 25 μL reaction volumes. Relative quantification of gene expression was performed using the 2−ΔΔCt method. Actin served as the reference mRNA [
Gadd45 forward: 5′-AGACCCCGGACCTGCACT-3′
Gadd45 reverse: 5′-CCGGCAAAAACAAATAAGTTGACT-3′
COX-2 forward: 5′-CCTGGCGCTCAGCCATAC-3′
COX-2 reverse: 5′-GGTACAATCGCACTTATACTGGTCAA-3′
actin forward: 5′-CCTCACCCTGAAGTACCCCA-3′
actin reverse: 5′-TCGTCCCAGTTGGTGACGAT-3′
DNA damage was evaluated with the comet assay as previously described [
Results were expressed as the mean ± SE of 3 experiments. Statistical significance was calculated by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and P value for a multiple comparison test (software GraphPad InStat 3.1; Dr. Harvey Motulsky: San Diego, CA, USA, 2012). The level of statistical significance was defined as *
In summary, our study revealed that the soy isoflavones, in both their aglycone and glucoside forms, have an anti-inflammatory and a photo-protective effect on UVB-irradiated skin cell lines. Their potential benefit for topical application will depend on their use; however, the results of the present study may provide a basis for the use of the isoflavone glucosides and the RPH-aglycone mixture described herein as photo-preventive agents with promising applications in the field of dermatology.
The authors are grateful to the Rottapharm-Madaus Dermo-Cosmetic R &D Division for providing the isoflavone glucosides and the RPH-aglycone mixture.
These authors disclose the following: Gasparri is an advisor for Rottapharm-Madaus and Giannini is an Dermo-Cosmetic R & D Specialist for Rottapharm-Madaus. The remaining authors disclose no conflicts.
Effects of genistin, daidzin, and RPH-aglycone on the viability of unirradiated or UVB-irradiated skin cells. (
Effects of genistin, daidzin and RPH-aglycone on Gadd45 and COX-2 mRNA levels in unirradiated BJ-5ta cells. Levels of Gadd45 and COX-2 mRNA were determined by real-time PCR using a total RNA preparation from BJ-5ta cells treated with various concentrations of (
Effects of genistin, daidzin, and RPH-aglycone on the levels of Gadd45 and COX-2 mRNA in BJ-5ta cells irradiated with 60 mJ/cm2 UVB. Levels of Gadd45 and COX-2 mRNA were determined by real-time PCR in BJ-5ta cells treated for 2 h with various concentrations of (
Effects of genistin and daidzin combinations and RPH-aglycone on the levels of Gadd45 and COX-2 mRNA in BJ-5ta cells irradiated with 60 mJ/cm2 UVB. Levels of Gadd45 and COX-2 mRNA were determined by real-time PCR using a total RNA preparation from BJ-5ta cells treated for 2 h with the most effective concentrations of (
Analysis of UVB-induced DNA damage by the comet assay. (


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£350.00 £599.00
If it's a designer living space you're looking for, the Knightsbridge will be the perfect fabric sofa to compliment your room. With its super deep seated comfort, all inclusive scatters and amazing oakland fabric, who could ever say that this isn't a show stopper? With its soft fibre inners in both backs and seats the Knightsbridge will definitely be something to rave about!
Available in Black & Brown Oakland fabric.
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The Knightsbridge in Brown takes up to 14 days to be delivered. The Knightsbridge in Black takes up to 28 days to be delivered.
3 Seater = Comes in 1 part


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NEW YORK (Sep. 13)
The resumption of Hias-Ica activities in liberated France was announced here today by Max Gottschalk, president of the Hias-Ica Emigration Association, who reported that a provisional committee for work in France was established recently in Algiers, headed by Robert Levy, son of the late Chief Rabbi of France.
Several members of the Hias-Ica committee have already left for Paris, the announcement said. They include Rene Mayer, Commissioner of Communications and Public Works of the French Government, and Prof. Rene Cassin, president of its Juridical Committee. Others will follow shortly.


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The U.S. Department of Education today announced the award of more than $21.2 million to 60 recipients in 24 states across the country to establish or expand counseling programs. Grantees will use funds to support counseling programs in target elementary or secondary schools.
The new awards will specifically aid schools in hiring qualified mental-health professionals with the goal of expanding the range, availability, quantity and quality of counseling services. Parents of participating students will have input in the design and implementation of counseling services supported by these grants.
"School counselors are a vital resource for students and educators, and play a key role in creating safe and productive learning environments," said U.S. Secretary of Education Arne Duncan. "These funds will help expand those services to help more students lead healthy, happy and successful lives."
Grantees will also use funds to help increase the number of available and qualified counselors based on a school's student population. Research shows that having adequate counseling services can help reduce the number of disciplinary referrals in schools, improve student attendance and academic performance and enhance development of social skills. Funds may also be used to support parental involvement, counselor and teacher professional development and collaboration with community-based organizations that provide mental health and other services to students.
Below is a list of the awards for the Elementary and Secondary School Counseling Program. For more information about the program, log onto http://www2.ed.gov/programs/elseccounseling/index.html.


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Ranked In More Specialties Than Any Other Hospital In Texas And The Gulf Coast.
U.S. News & World Report recently named Houston Methodist Hospital one of only 20 hospitals on its prestigious Honor Roll, and the No. 1 hospital in Texas and the Gulf Coast. For 10 years in a row, we've had more national rankings than any other hospital in Texas. Learn more about us.
Choose a specialty to find out how we are leading medicine:
Houston Methodist is also rated on common conditions and procedures. See a complete list of our rankings.
How Better Rankings Equal Better Care
Roberta Schwartz, executive vice president of Houston Methodist Hospital, and C. Richard Stasney, MD, president of the medical staff at Houston Methodist, explain why higher rankings mean the highest quality of care for all patients.
How We're Ranked
This year, U.S. News & World Report evaluated nearly 5,000 hospitals nationwide on key health factors, including quality of care, patient safety and hospital reputation. See the complete methodology.


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Too much, just too much...
Category: Drama - Rating: PG-13 - Genres: Drama,Humor,Romance - Published: 2008-09-01 - Updated: 2008-09-02 - 1997 words
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Microsoft Office
Microsoft Office Questions? Ask a IT Expert for Support ASAP
Office Home & Business 2010 Question; My Outlook 2010 quit working after someone erased a file that I was unable to retrieve asI had a complete break down including my backup for that period.. I am 72 years old and just recently found I have Serious Lung cancer and was trying to get everything cleaned up so my wife can run the PC on her own. My problem is"cannot open your default email folders the files "c:\users\William McKinley\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Outlook\william_mckinley_msn.ost" cannot be found. How can I enter this file to get Outlook to again work I have been using it since 197___and have never had a problem like this before. [email protected]
I have tried all the sim[le look at things sucvh as old backups that I can no longer get to work etc. Sorry to allow you the last path.
My only restore date is 11/1/2012 I have installed thre new HDD and didn't retain any old file sources, I said I did some stupid things. The files are on a parallel server on Microsoft live and another on Microsoft Hotmail (MSN), I use OUTLOOK as does my WIFE and I want to get these restored to my PC how can we get the file back into my software?
I will give you a wonderful rating if we can get this fixed before to night.
When we have this working I will give tyou the top rating, not until we have a result, that is how I learned business. I was unable to get Out Look to open using your last suggestion using cammand line. I have tried what you suggested and have a list of files that downloaded. cannot tell that any are .ost files, it is not being shown on the file name. What next step do you want me to try?
Please advise how I connect with you if we become disconnected . I still am not connected part of the problem is I am unable to get Outlook to open as it will not with out the missing file being in the body of things. Now you have the rating and I am taking you at face value something I rarely do that you will see this to an end.
This may work if you are willing to loose all the old files attached to the old profile. I was not willing to do this. I kept thinking abount this and the restore, I did not have any more recent HDD than those we tried. However, in my junk pile I had some rather current HDD with Windows XP systems. While looking in the junk pile I found a SATA to IDE and reverse addapter.
I figured the MSN installation still would be valid on these drives so early this morning I am switching out drives and jury rigging my old IDE drives to run on mySATA system. Walla ********* when I ran restore from there to here that file came over, which it would not do on any of three systems I had tried. Problem no files would come over and I thought I was lost, tried everything and still they would not move any files. I disconnected from IDE rebootedinto a steral Outlook enviroment. I started sending email through the system to friends family and such and asked the to return them. About1 hour ago they started coming in and then the MSN server started downloading as of now it appears I will recover everything,.
Man you tried and I am pissed that I contacted you had I just stuck it out I would have come to this conclusion which is the only way short of being about to insert that address into MSN proprietary langauge files.. Thanks for your imput now you will know what you have to do if there is ever a next time. Bill


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Richard Cohen, media spokesman for a large cross-section of Jewish organizations and individuals, died in his sleep Sunday night. He was 71 years old and had been suffering from lymphoma for some time.
Cohen died three days after putting out a news release naming his wife and business partner, psychologist Aphrodite Clamar-Cohen, president and chief executive officer of his media relations firm, Richard Cohen Associates.
Funeral services were scheduled for Wednesday in Manhattan, with Rabbi Alexander Schindler, a longtime friend and client, officiating.
Cohen, a decorated Air Force navigator in the Pacific during World War II, was to be cremated and his ashes interred at Arlington National Cemetery in Arlington, Va.
Despite several bouts with pneumonia that further weakened his strength, Cohen continued working until the end, even going to the office six or seven days a week.
Among his firm's clients are the Conference of Presidents of Major American Jewish Organizations; the Union of American Hebrew Congregations and other Reform Jewish groups; Rabbi Arthur Schneier and the Appeal of Conscience Foundation; the American Zionist Movement; the Committee for the Economic Growth of Israel; and the Memorial Foundation for Jewish Culture.
He also handled public relations for the recent film, "Schindler's List."
One of his longtime clients, Benjamin Meed, founder of the American Gathering of Jewish Holocaust Survivors and the Warsaw Ghetto Remembrance Organization, said Cohen "was everybody's best friend.
"He was not just a public relations company open for everybody. He was a public relations agency open for the causes in which he believed. He was a humanitarian, he was a Jew, he was an American and it had to be all three together," said Meed.
Cohen was a seminal participant in the struggle for Soviet Jewry. He served as chief press officer for the three World Conferences on Soviet Jewry, in Brussels (1971 and 1976) and Jerusalem (1983).
And he authored "Let My People Go," the first comprehensive history of the Soviet Jewry struggle.
For years, Cohen's hectic pace often included returning to the office following a late-night event to write a news release.
Israel Levine, his business associate and a friend for 56 years, said, "He was a fighter. He believed in survival."
Levine, who is now chief operating officer of Richard Cohen Associates, knew Cohen from their days at De Witt Clinton High School in the Bronx, the U.S. military and the City College of New York.
Cohen was born in 1923 in New York. After his war service, he spent four years in Paris working for the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee. During that time Cohen was also a correspondent for the Jewish Telegraphic Agency.
He then spent four years working for the JDC in New York in public relations.
He then worked in the St. Louis regional office of the American Jewish Congress and continued with AJCongress in New York as public relations director, assistant executive director and finally associate executive director.
He resigned in 1979 to form his own firm, where he served as the voice for a disparate group of clients.
Cohen was also politically active in the Democratic Party, serving in the presidential campaigns of George McGovern in 1972; Jimmy Carter in 1976; the 1980 primary campaign of Edward Kennedy; and the 1980 Carter presidential campaign.


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BCBGMAXAZRIA Strappy Tie-Dyed Dress with Paillettes
Silk fabric, paillette sequins and other luxe details enrich the tie-dyed pattern on this unusually striking dress by BCBGMAXAZRIA.
An asymmetric silhouette is pure flattery on this sophisticated halter dress. Delicately draped from the black pleated empire waist and releasing to soft pleats and an angled hem.Added 8 Years Ago from Bloomingdales


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Bankruptcy Law
Bankruptcy Law Questions? Ask a Bankruptcy Lawyer.
I am not aware of a specific company that would do financing, though you can certainly try calling every finance company in town to see if someone will.A more likely solution would be to add the tractor to the Chapter 13 Plan. This usually stops the bank from repossessing the collateral so long as the debtor can pay the collateral off plus interest (usually around 4.25%) over the remaining term of the Plan.So, for example, if you are 20 months into a 60-month Chapter 13 Plan, then to pay $14,500 over the remaining 40 months at 4.25% interest would increase the Plan payment amount by around $409 per month. You can go HERE to plug in the principal balance and interest over however long you have left in your Plan, then add 5% or 7% on, to get a rough idea of how much the Plan would have to go up to cover it. I say to add on another 5% or 7% since you have to pay Trustee fees on anything paid through the Plan, and they are usually around that amount (your attorney will know). So, $14,500 over 40 months at 4.25% interest results in a payment of $389.42 per month, and adding on 5% of $389.42 to the payment pushes it up to about $409 per month.If the Plan has not been confirmed yet, you can often make changes by simply filing an Amended Chapter 13 Plan. If the Plan has been confirmed, then you typically have to file a Motion to Modify the Plan to get court permission to make changes. Either way, one of these approaches normally work to make changes to the Plan.However, there are a few things that can cause a Plan amendment not to work. For example, if the creditor has already asked the court for permission to repossess (called a Motion for Relief from Stay) and that permission has been granted (Order Granting Motion for Relief from Stay), you may have a tough time going in after-the-fact and trying to force the creditor to get paid through the Plan (though I have sometimes been able to get courts to do this even after the court granted relief to the creditor).Another glitch could be if the collateral was purchased AFTER the Chapter 13 was filed, in which case you normally can't force a post-bankruptcy creditor into the Chapter 13 Plan (though maybe in your district you can, you would have to ask your attorney).Another hurdle is whether you can convince the court that the collateral is reasonable and necessary. If the court thinks the collateral is not reasonable and necessary for your financial survival, the court may not let you put it in the Plan. For example, trying to put recreational boats and campers in a Plan usually doesn't work unless you also agree to pay unsecured creditors all of what you owe them. A tractor could go either way: if you own a farm or have a lot of land that needs taken care of, it might be necessary. But, if you use it to pull a float in the parade once a year, maybe not. You also have to show you can afford the increase in the Plan payment.Another issue could be if you have some prior agreement with the creditor to pay the collateral outside of the Plan. If you and the bank made some agreement in your Chapter 13 that they would be paid directly, then the court may not let you go back in and modify that agreement now (though sometimes the court will even if you did have an agreement).I suggest you talk to your lawyer about Plan modification and see if it will work for you if you are unable to find a company willing to refinance.I apologize this answer does not specifically answer your question about who would refinance for you, but that is not something I can answer since banks base their decisions on a whole host of information I don't have so it is not something that anyone can answer with much conviction. I suppose if you own a farming operation you might be able to go to the SBA or the FSA to get a loan, but again I'm sure that would depend on criteria I am not privy to. And, if the bank that currently has the loan isn't willing to refi, then odds are not good that some other bank will want to come in and pick up the same risk without also massively increasing your interest rate, which I why I suggest you look into Plan modification as an alternative.Good luck,JoeLEGAL NOTICE: I am only licensed to practice law in certain state(s) and I cannot give legal advice to someone who does not reside in a state in which I am licensed, nor shall anything I say in the above answer or elsewhere on this site be deemed legal advice, even to someone who resides in a state in which I am licensed. Funds I receive from JustAnswer.com are gratuities paid to me for taking the time to respond to questions, not for legal advice. This forum is designed to provide general information only, and information herein is not warranted to be correct or applicable in any way since laws may have been misinterpreted herein, since laws change from time to time, and since the impact of those laws on any particular situation varies. The information presented in this site shall not be construed to be formal legal advice nor the formation of an attorney-client relationship. Persons accessing this response are encouraged to seek independent legal counsel in their jurisdiction for guidance regarding their individual circumstances. Do not take any action or inaction based on information presented herein since it is informational and may not be accurate or applicable to you; it merely attempts to give you a basis of knowledge to help you formulate questions to ask a legal or other professional in a face-to-face meeting in your jurisdiction. JoeLawyer is an attorney but does not hold himself out to be a specialist or expert in any area, regardless of assertions made by any third party, and any implication of being an expert or specialist herein is made in error. I hope the information presented above is useful to you. Answer above is (c) JoeLawyer. All rights reserved.


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The 2015 Texas STEM Librarians' Conference was held at UT Arlington Libraries on July 21-24, 2018.
Keynote Address:
Discovery of the God Particle and makings of dark matter beams
Speaker: Dr. Jaehoon Yu, Professor of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington
Abstract: Dr. Jaehoon Yu discusses the discovery of the Higgs particle at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at the European Laboratory for Nuclear and Particle Physics Research (CERN) near Geneva, Switzerland. He will also cover the complex computing grid technology that has contributed significantly to the timely analysis of the data through communication, and the collaboration among scientists that arose from the data network.
How publishers and discovery service vendors are collaborating to reduce content gaps
Presenter: Jalyn Kelley, IEEE
Abstract: IEEE has partnered with four major discovery service providers to identify content gaps between the IEEE Xplore Digital Library and discovery service indexes. This lightning talk will illustrate content gaps, causes, and how IEEE and discovery service providers are collaborating to reduce the gaps.
University website placement for libraries and research ranking
Presenter: Jessica Simpson, Texas Tech University
Abstract: There are several famous quotes from individuals associated with successful universities that draw a correlation between the location of the library and its value to the institution. The digital age blurs the concept of location within universities and raises the question whether these sayings carry any merit in the modern era. In order to examine this, one way is establish a relationship with the research standing of an institution and the link that is used to access the library from the university website.
If there is a higher prominence of the URL for the link to the university library or libraries that correlates with the institution's research standing, the importance of that library to the institution in terms of website location may be inferred. By examining the prominance, placement, and context of the institutions' library hyperlinks that are classified as "highest research activity" by the Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education we can decide if there is a correlation between the placement of the hyperlink to the library in prominance and the research caliber of the university.
A conceptual fromwork for the web architecture must be established. This includes the architecture of any given page, the type of menu that is employed, the number of clicks to get to the library or libraries landing page, and html page hierarchy that is in place. Preliminary findings have been established and evaluated. Significance has been established. Further research may include finding university level metrics and performing a regression analysis.
Library subject guides and STEM: Innovations in academic pathways
Presenters: Kent Seaver and Brittany Schick, Dallas Community College, North Lake Campus
Abstract: This presentation demonstrates how North Lake College's Library uses Library Subject guides (Lib Guides) to prepare students for not only STEM majors, but also STEM careers, leading to student success. The proposal illustrates how academic and college libraries can use their trained staffs, as well as print and online resources, to assist faculty in the instructional delivery of classroom materials. This presentation will be PowerPoint driven (Q & A encouraged) illustrating how the North Lake College Library (NLCL) and STEM faculty work together to create Library Subject Guides (Lib Guides) for core subject areas, as well as specific classes.
Due to the explosion of Internet driven resources, not to mention the decreasing numbers of qualified STEM students and graduates, the need for accessible, current, and specific learning resources has changed the format and content of traditional STEM classes. Because of the need to provide the latest and most topical resources to both our faculty and students, the Learning Resources staff at North Lake College have created Library Subject Guides specific to the Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematic (STEM) courses offered at NLC to assist the faculty in the instructional delivery of classroom materials. The goal of this collaboration between Learning Resources and STEM faculty was to identify ways for the Library to reach more non-consumers, but also to highlight available and previously under published STEM resources that can be utilized for student success. Many times the faculty, who are required to focus so much attention on accountability via the Student Learning Outcome, are simply not aware of all of the additional resources that can be used to ensure their students are achieving the greatest possible success. This presentation allows for other STEM professionals to see how one college is collaborating effectively for the benefits of this important crop of students.
Combining outreach & liaison activities to build relationships with reluctant STEM faculty
Presenter: Isabel Altamirano, UT Tyler
Abstract: The previous three STEM librarians lasted only two years in the position, so when I joined the library in August 2013 and attempted to get to know the faculty, I was politely ignored. I tried various methods to address the situation but had to reassess during Summer 2014. I was also assigned to be on the Outreach Team. I decided to combine both my job functions to build relationships with the faculty. I will also discuss what I need to try next and how these methods can be adapted at other libraries.
Library Deans' Panel Discussion
Moderator: Rebecca Bichel, Dean of Libraries, UT Arlington
Panelists: Dr. June Koelker, Dean of Libraries, Texas Christian University
Ellen Safley, Dean of Libraries, University of Texas at Dallas
Dr. Martin Halbert, Dean of Libraries, University of North Texas
MOOCs: A path to success or a good way to ruin your weekends?
Presenter: David E. Hubbard, Texas A&M University.
Abstract: Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) came to prominence in 2012. This "disruptive technology" was hyped and expectations inflated, but then came disillusionment and now hopefully a more realistic view of their potential. This author believes MOOCs can provide a practical, inexpensive means of professional development for librarians. This presentation provides a brief overview of MOOCs, followed by the personal reflections of the author, a Science & Engineering Librarian, who has participated in MOOCs. Visualization software employed during a recent MOOC, which can be used to visualize bibliographic data from Web of Science, Scopus, MEDLINE, and other sources, will also be presented.
Free STEM e-textbooks: LSU Libraries' initiative and its impact
Presenter: Emily Frank, Louisiana State University
Abstract: Louisiana State University Libraries recently launched an e-textbook initiative to provide students free access to required textbooks. Using course adoption title lists, the Libraries identifies required textbooks that are in existing e-book collections or available to purchase. All titles meet three essential criteria: are DRM-free, allow for an unlimited number of simultaneous users, and provide perpetual access. In the 2014-2015 academic year, the initiative has had the potential to save students $450,000.00. This has aligned the Libraries with strategic priorities of the university, including diminishing barriers to retention and reducing the escalating cost of higher education while ensuring access to materials critical for student success. This presentation will discuss how LSU Libraries established and deployed their e-textbook initiative, which includes selecting e-books, accessing and searching the bookstore's required textbook lists, and developing promotional strategies to launch the initiative. It will cover project assessment and impact, highlighting STEM disciplines in particular, and ideas for expanding the reach of the program.
STEM-ulating minds: Facilitating a user-lead active learning environment with the FabLab ConFab
Presenters: Katie Musick Peery and Peace Ossom Williamson, University of Texas at Arlington
Abstract: The presenters will describe the project consultation created for the new learning environment arising in many libraries: the makerspace or fab lab. The UT Arlington FabLab is a space developed in October 2014 that provides open access to state of the art equipment and software in order to provide users with the opportunity to work with others while teaching them specific technical knowledge and professional skills. In order to assist users in developing their own projects, the FabLab managers have developed the ConFab, a process similar to a library research consultation, where users are engaged with an in-depth, exploratory conversation around what they want to execute. The ConFab is a way of achieving the overarching goal of the UTA FabLab: facilitating the education of UTA, local, and broader communities on how to think creatively, fail fast, and use new technology to transform their ideas into reality. For students, the incorporation of projects within the FabLab into their coursework allows them to steer their own learning experience and to collaborate across disciplines. When users of different areas of expertise are able to work side-by-side with one another, they build their knowledge base and create innovative products and solutions they may have never previously conceived of. Furthermore, the space provides an opportunity to create meaningful experiences—especially when applying their education to attempt a solution to a real-world problem—leading to skill-learning in a more lasting way. With the ConFab, the user is able to flesh out their undeveloped ideas and vision and to begin the work. The presenters will detail the specific format of questions and active listening strategies that often allow users to come to a solution organically and empowers them as they realize how much they already know.
Beyond bibliographic instruction: Science research workshops
Presenter: Christina Chan-Park, Baylor University
Abstract: Over the past three academic years, I have offered a series of Science Research Workshops that have gone beyond basic bibliographic instruction and database searching. Although these workshops are available to any undergraduate, graduate student, or faculty, the primary attendees are undergraduate students who are working on honors theses. The workshops are interactive so groups of 3-6 are ideal, but up to 8-12 can be accommodated. Topics include the Scientific Research Process, Data Management, Reading a Scientific Article, Writing a Scientific Abstract, and Creating a Scientific Poster Presentation. For the last three workshops, students are asked to bring a scientific article, an experiment proposal, and a data example, respectively. During the workshop, I give a short introduction to the structure of an article, abstract, or poster and then spend the bulk of the time guiding students through the process of reading, writing, or creating. As I lead the students through the different steps, we stop to share their progress with each other. Students like the interactive format because they can ask questions freely and because they see others having to work through the progress. After the workshop, students not only feel more confident in their research skills but also gain a better understanding of their own research project. I will present outlines of materials at these workshops in addition to insights I have gained on the popularity of the different types of workshops.
Research methods for STEM librarians: Perspectives from a narrative inquiry angle
Presenter: Innocent Awasom, Texas Tech University Libraries
Abstract: As Librarians, we are expected and required to conduct research so as to contribute to the advancement of the profession and the global knowledge base in Library, Archival, Museum and Information Science. A review of the research methodology used in the top ranking journals in Library and Information Science (LIS) research, shows a predominance of traditional descriptive qualitative research with surveys as the main data collection method. However, the ensuing results from this type of research and data usage merely tell just part of the whole story while a lot more useful information could be gleaned using other elements in a narrative inquiry methodology – ways in which humans experience the world, in this case, the Library and Information Sciences (LIS) world. Qualitative observational research describes and classifies various cultural, racial, and / or sociological groups by employing interpretive and naturalistic approaches. It is both observational and narrative in nature and relies less on the experimental elements normally associated with scientific research. Results from this study shows that a more holistic picture emerges when we utilize more ways of data collection (triangulation) and this certainly has far reaching implications on the quality of research carried out in the LIS profession. The beauty of narrative inquiry lies not only in the social construction of knowledge but also in our ability to present results in different genres such as fiction, poetry, performance art and art, providing more points for connection in order to reach a wider audience.
Data: Its rising importance in research, and where to find it
Presenter: Brad Gulliford, University of Texas at Arlington
Abstract: Data files are sought after by students, the informed public, and fellow researchers, no longer the exclusive property of the scientist or of interest only to the social science geek. Finding them isn't routine yet. We will look at some "best bet" sites, data papers, and discipline-specific peculiarities to form our roadmaps.


text:
The Great Desert
Teacher Training Workshop -- Image Credit
The map of water abundances and the scale bar are
by the University of California.
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Unless otherwise indicated, this information has been authored by an employee or employees of the University of California, operator of the Los Alamos National Laboratory under Contract No. W-7405-ENG-36 with the U.S. Department of Energy. The U.S. Government has rights to use, reproduce, and distribute this information. The public may copy and use this information without charge, provided that this Notice and any statement of authorship are reproduced on all copies. Neither the Government nor the University makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any liability or responsibility for the use of this information."
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Updated 09/22/03.
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CRIMES & INCIDENTSMan suspected of stealing high-end bicycle from Pleasanton store
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STATE, NATIONAL, INTERNATIONALWatchdog group OKs Measure B, BB expenditures
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text: On 11/10/2013 11:09, Seth wrote: > On Fri, 08 Nov 2013 07:35:23 -0800, Ken Moore <ken at pcbsd.org> wrote: >> I have found that a virtualbox VM is the easiest way to create a PBI >> testing environment, simply because setting up all the X-forwarding >> and such within a jail is not so trivial (and to ensure a completely >> clean environment is also non-trivial for a portjail). > > Thanks. I created a PCBSD Virtualbox test machine with only OpenBox as > the desktop. I also applied the latest system and package updates and > then saved this as a VirtualBox snapshot to create a baseline. > > Then I downloaded and manually installed the Minitube-2.0 x64 PBI. Ran > this three times and it is not stable. Crashed the first two times, > then hung on the third. > > I have some console window output, what other information would be > helpful to gather for debugging purposes? > _______________________________________________ > Pbi-dev mailing list > Pbi-dev at lists.pcbsd.org > http://lists.pcbsd.org/mailman/listinfo/pbi-dev If you want to try and track down how to fix the error I would start with these two checks first: 1) Make sure the standard FreeBSD package works, otherwise it is a problem in either the porting process or the application code itself and you will want to talk to the port maintainer to try and track down the issues. 2) If the standard package works, then it is definatly something in the PBI format that is the issue, and we need to move on to the 10.x PBI and see if that works. There have been a significant number of improvements to the PBI format, so the issue(s) might already be fixed with the new code. (I am going to test this soon for you, since I am already setup for it). -- ~~ Ken Moore ~~ PC-BSD/iXsystems


text:
Certified ScrumMaster (CSM) - Jacksonville, FL
Action & Influence, a business of Agile for All, LLC.
Thursday, April 25, 2013 at 9:00 AM - Friday, April 26, 2013 at 5:00 PM (EDT)
Who's Going
San Francisco, California
London, United Kingdom
Florence, Italy
Event Details
Certified ScrumMaster (CSM) Course:
Welcome to a hands-on approach to understanding how to apply Scrum in your enterprise.
Whether you've been working in an Agile environment or new to Scrum, this course will help you understand how to introduce Scrum to your team or elevate your company to higher agility!
Peter Saddington's IEEE paper on Scaling Product Ownership at the Department of Defense and the United States Air Force:
The Basics - Agile Manifesto, What is Scrum, and the Scrum Checklist (You will want to review these before class):
- Download Agile Manifesto Fact Sheet
- Download What is Scrum Review
- Download a Scrum Checklist Guide by Crisp
Agile at Your Company - Agile Team Traits, Scaling Agile, Scaling Product Ownership, Testing in Agile, User Story Splitting Cheat Sheet, Agile Financials (EVM), Agile Financial Models:
- Download Agile Traits your Company Should Know for Preparation for Scrum
- Download the Scaled Agile Framework Template
- Download an IEEE paper on Scaling Product Ownership
- Download a presentation for Testing in an Agile environment
- Download a User Story Splitting Cheat Sheet
- Download a presentation on Earned Value Metrics in Agile
- Download a presentation on different Agile financial models
Agile and Scrum Tools:
- Download a PDF version of an Agile and Scrum tools list
- You can also go to AgileScout's Agile Tool's List
On Estimation:
- Download a paper on estimation in software
- Download a paper on how experience will increase estimation accuracy
What Our Attendees Say:
"I enjoyed this class immensely - it gives practical ways to apply a method to the ways we've been working around overly rigid processes for years. Senior leaders need this class to spread it to our organization!" - Stephanie
"Peter has great depth of knowledge and great interactive exercises." - Denise
"I LOVE the way you incorporate a personal approach to software development. I think that your exercises are really great and helpful for understanding and fostering questions. You're an awesome instructor! I really like your style of teaching. It is very insightful!" - Laura
"I believe Scrum has the potential to GREATLY improve the productivity in my office." - Jack
"Peter is a very positive and exciting to be in the presence of." - Dominic
"I am pumped about having a way to organize with a team and express concepts to each other and build teams based on cultural fit!" - Mario
"I thoroughly enjoyed your enthusiasm about the subject matter and honestly feel you did a great job and were able to answer all questions… not side stepping them as some instructors do." - Todd
Early Registration is Open
Ensure your spot early and receive a discount! *Peter Saddington is a Atlanta resident and local trainer/consultant*
Action & Influence reserves the right to cancel a class at any time given class size minumum is not met.
There will be no full-refunds for canceled classes or a cancelation of registration.
Canceled classes (due to class size minimum requirements not met) or participant termination will avail a registerant 2 options:
1 - Refund with 15% administration fee
2 - Re-schedule into next available class at zero additional fees
When & Where
New Horizons
7020 A.c. Skinner Parkway
Suite 180
Thursday, April 25, 2013 at 9:00 AM - Friday, April 26, 2013 at 5:00 PM (EDT)
Add to my calendar


text:
The top 20 Most Popular Recipes at Kitchen Stewardship
- Homemade Granola Bars and Homemade Granola
- Homemade Yogurt, the Easy Way
- Packing a Lunch: Healthy Food To Go: tons of ideas for your school lunches!
- Healthy Pumpkin Muffins or Healthy Pumpkin Bread
- Homemade Tortillas (100% whole grain)
- Homemade Sweetened Condensed Milk
- How to Make a Sourdough Starter
- How to Make Traditional Homemade Chicken Stock/Broth
- Once-a-Month Cooking Prep: 3 "Cream of" Casseroles
- Homemade Crackers Recipe (just like Wheat Thins!)
- Almond Power Bars
- Honey Whole Wheat Sourdough Bread
- Crunchy Pickles, Lacto-Fermented and Canned
- Healthy Pumpkin Cookies
- Soaked Granola Bars (Free Download!)
Some of these recipes plus 14 homemade date-and-nut bar recipes (like Larabars) can be found in my Healthy Snacks to Go eBook or The Everything Beans Book.


text:
Miami Girls Mixer
Lavish Royalty Events & Cassie's Closets
Saturday, October 5, 2013 from 6:00 PM to 8:00 PM (PDT)
Who's Going
San Francisco, California
London, United Kingdom
Florence, Italy
Event Details
If you're an aspiring fashion designer, stylist, or makeup artist that would like to connect with enterpenuers in your field then this is the mixer for you!
Purpose: Lavish Royalty E & C & Cassie Closets, is designing a mixer to help aspiring entrepreneurs and current business owners to connect with new contacts, gain tips on running a successful business, and share success stories. Women have to believe that success can still be found and the talk about "recession" can't rain on their parade.
We will have one of Miami's finest designer/ owner of YERAbrand Kinsey London as our Keynote speaker sharing her life experiences of running a successful clothing line.
Ladies, this will be a mixer focusing on our strengths and weakness to make us better business women & manage daily life struggles as well.
Bring your business card, sip & mingle.
Prizes, Girl Talk and Connecting with new people!
Hope to see you there!
When & Where
Prince Js Soul Food Restaurant
18450 Northwest 2nd Avenue
Saturday, October 5, 2013 from 6:00 PM to 8:00 PM (PDT)
Add to my calendar
Lavish Royalty Events & Cassie's Closets
Lavish Royalty Events & Catering, LLC
Lorry Francois
Phone: 754-229-9965
email: email@example.com


text:
§47-21-3. Authorizing the conduct of certain raffles without a license.
Notwithstanding any other provisions of this article to the contrary, any charitable or public service organization which has been in existence in this state for at least one year is hereby authorized to conduct raffles without compliance with the licensing provisions of this article:
That any prize awarded in any single raffle at a raffle occasion may not exceed in value the sum of four thousand dollars:
Provided, however,
That the cumulative gross proceeds derived from the conduct of raffle occasions by any such charitable or public service organization shall not exceed fifteen thousand dollars during any calendar year:
Provided further,
That any such organization shall not be subject to the record keeping provisions of section sixteen of this article but shall maintain a separate accounting for the operation of raffles. All records required by this section shall be maintained for at least three calendar years and shall be available for reasonable inspection by the commissioner.


text:
Grammys 2013, All Wrapped Up...
Find the full list of winners at the bottom. The Fader has a long video gallery of musical performances.
Prince presents Gotye with an award:
The Wall Street Journal considers the best and worst in raiments and finery.
The Chicago Tribune's Greg Kot surveys the damage.
How Chris Brown reacted to Ocean's win:
Carrie Underwood feared for her jewelry.
Salon's most-surprising moments list.
What's with the hat, The-Dream?
I feel a little slow, as am just realizing that CBS memo must have been leaked to gin up interest. I mean, there was basically a FUPA ref.— rachelsklar (@rachelsklar) February 11, 2013
Goes well with this:
• Album of the year: Babel, Mumford & Sons.
• Record of the year: "Somebody That I Used to Know," Gotye featuring Kimbra.
• Song of the year: "We Are Young," fun.
• New artist: fun.
• Pop solo performance: "Set Fire to the Rain (Live)," Adele.
• Pop vocal album: Stronger, Kelly Clarkson.
• Rock performance: "Lonely Boy," The Black Keys.
• Urban contemporary album: Channel Orange, Frank Ocean.
• Rap/sung collaboration: "No Church in the Wild," Jay-Z, Kanye West featuring Frank Ocean, The-Dream.
• Country solo performance: "Blown Away," Carrie Underwood.
• Country album: Uncaged, Zac Brown Band
• Pop/duo group performance: "Somebody That I Used to Know," Gotye featuring Kimbra.
• Traditional pop vocal album: Kisses on the Bottom, Paul McCartney.
• Rap performance: "N****s in Paris," Jay-Z, Kanye West.
• Rap song: "N****s in Paris," Shawn Carter, Mike Dean, Chauncey Hollis, Kanye West.
• Rap album: Take Care, Drake.
• R&B performance: "Climax," Usher.
• Traditional R&B performance: "Love on Top," Beyonce.
• R&B song: "Adorn," Miguel Pimentel.
• R&B album: Black Radio, Robert Glasper Experiment.
• Rock song: "Lonely Boy," The Black Keys.
One other comment and then we'll shut up: the GRAMMYs do realize other 'rock bands' exist beyond the Black Keys right? Just checking!— selftitledmag (@selftitledmag) February 11, 2013
• Rock album: El Camino, The Black Keys.
• Hard rock/metal performance: "Love Bites (So Do I)," Halestorm.
• Alternative music album: Making Mirrors, Gotye.
• Dance recording: "Bangarang," Skrillex featuring Sirah.
• Dance/electronica album: Bangarang, Skrillex.
• Latin pop album: MTV Unplugged Deluxe Edition, Juanes.
• Latin rock, urban or alternative album: Imaginares, Quetzal.
• Latin jazz album: Ritmo!, The Clare Fisher Latin Jazz Big Band.
• Tropical Latin album: Retro, Marlow Rosado Y La Riquena.
• Country duo/group performance: "Pontoon," Little Big Town.
• Country song: "Blown Away," Josh Kear, Chris Tompkins.
• Gospel song: "Go Get It," Mary Mary.
• Gospel album: Gravity, Leerae.
• Blues album: Locked Down, Dr. John.
• Folk album: The Goat Rodeo Sessions, Yo-Yo Ma, Stuart Duncan, Edgar Meyer, Chris Thile.
• Americana album: Slipstream, Bonnie Raitt.
• Bluegrass album: Nobody Knows You, Steep Canyon Rangers.
• Reggae album: Rebirth, Jimmy Cliff.
• World music album: The Living Room Sessions Part 1, Ravi Shankar.
• Children's album: Can You Canoe?, The Okee Dokee Brothers.
• Spoken word album: Society's Child: My Autobiography, Janis Ian.
• Comedy album: Blow Your Pants Off, Jimmy Fallon.
• New age album: Echoes of Love, Omar Akram.
• Jazz vocal album: Radio Music Society, Esperanza Spalding.
• Jazz instrumental album: Unity Band, Pat Metheny Unity Band.
• Large jazz ensemble album: Dear Diz (Every Day I Think of You), Arturo Sandoval.
• Pop instrumental album: Impressions, Chris Botti.
• Compilation soundtrack album: Midnight in Paris, various artists.
• Score soundtrack album: The Girl With the Dragon Tattoo, Trent Reznor, Atticus Ross.
• Song written for visual media: "Safe & Sound" (From "The Hunger Games"), Taylor Swift, John Paul White, Joy Williams.
• Musical theater album: Once: A New Musical, Steve Kazee, Cristin Milioti.
• Producer of the year, classical: Blanton Alspaugh.
• Producer of the year, non-classical: Dan Auerbach.
• Instrumental composition: "Mozart Goes Dancing," Chick Corea.
• Orchestral performance: "Adams: Harmonielehre & Short Ride in a Fast Machine," Michael Tilson Thomas (San Francisco Symphony).
• Opera recording: "Wagner, Der Ring des Nibelungen," James Levine and Fabio Luisi.
• Choral performance: "Life & Breath: Choral Works by Rene Clausen," Charles Bruffy.
• Short-form music video: "We Found Love," Rihanna featuring Calvin Harris.
• Long-form music video: "Big Easy Express," Mumford & Sons.
• Historical album: The Smile Sessions (Deluxe Box Set), Alan Boyd, Mark Linett, Brian Wilson, Dennis Wolfe.


text:
I'll confess it right up front: I have passed menopause and moved headlong into the crotchety stage of life. I'm a journalist who can barely stand to read the daily headlines. I'm a progressive who yearns for some of the ways of yesteryear. I support the legal right of gays to marry, but by the [Read More…]
Flushing the Progressive Pin
Bondage: A Black & White Matter
I couldn't find any surveys or studies to reference but I have a theory about the cult-hit book Fifty Shades of Grey. I have a hunch this book is far more popular with white audiences than black ones. Perhaps the Pew Research Center ought to conduct a study? White people have a thing for ropes [Read More…]
The young prosecuting attorney called me into his office. "Take a look at these," he said, handing me a stack of photos. We'd just left the courtroom where a sex offender was given less than five years for sodomizing an 8-year old boy and raping a 12-year-old girl. The deal was offered in an effort [Read More…]


text:
After the confirmation of the Liars support slots for the first leg of US tour, announcements for the European line-up of the Radiohead shows are coming in.
Bat For Lashes has been confirmed to support Radiohead on their shows in Dublin (June 6 & 7), Paris (9/10), Barcelona (12), Nimes (14/15), Milan (17,18), London (24/25), Glasgow (27), Manchester (29) and Amsterdam (July 1), while Modeselektor will open for the band in Berlin (July 8).
Last year, Thom Yorke posted a Bat For Lashes track on his iTunes playlist, saying: "Natasha Khan of Bat for Lashes ain't scared. I love the harpsichord and the sexual ghost voices and bowed saws. This song seems to come from the world of grimm's fairytales, and I feel like a wolf."
Modeselektor was in that same playlist ('Silikon'), calling the duo 'genius', after which they collaborated on Modeselektor's latest album 'Happy Birthday' for the track 'The White Flash' and Modeselektor remixing Thom Yorke's 'Skip Divided'.


text:
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).
We demonstrate a silicon gratings-based biosensor to detect functionalized protein binding on its surface. The designed silicon gratings have sensitivities up to 197 nm/RIU in detecting refractive index change and 1.61 nm per nanometer of thickness change of bio-material on the surface of silicon gratings. Functionalizing proteins on gratings surface by eliminating unspecific binding makes this device more selective and efficient. Streptavidin at a concentration of 0.016 μmol/mL was functionalized on silicon substrate and biotin of 12 μmol/mL concentration was used as a target molecule in our detection experiments. Normal transmission measurements of gratings are made in air at different stages of immobilization, bare silicon grating, after attaching streptavidin and after trapping biotin. Total shifts in resonant peak wavelength of ∼15 nm in normal transmission were observed after immobilizing biotin with ∼7 nm of shift in resonant peak wavelength after functionalizing streptavidin to silicon substrate.
A grating is an optical component with a periodic dielectric pattern in one dimension, which when it consists of sub-wavelength features and has thin-film layers, shows resonance spectral characteristic [
In this paper, we demonstrate gratings on silicon for streptavidin-biotin detection by eliminating unspecific bindings which makes this device more selective and efficient. These gratings are built on-chip, which makes it more compact, results in faster response and is easy for immobilization compared to gratings on optical fibers [
Lumerical's FDTD solution software was used to numerically simulate our grating structure. The gratings were constructed on a 425 μm thick silicon slab with periodicity of 630 nm, groove width and height of 300 and 400 nm, respectively. In order to avoid huge computations due to the dimensions of these devices, the FDTD method was used with periodic boundary conditions in the X, Y directions. We implemented a full 3-D FDTD simulation based on square non-uniform mesh since a major part of this device is a silicon substrate with shallow gratings on its surface. Based on this technique, the default grid size used to mesh the structure was set at 18 nm with a finer 10 nm mesh over the gratings pattern region. In this way, the accuracy and convergence of the simulations are both guaranteed, while the computational resource requirements are reasonable enough to run the simulation. The light source was placed at the bottom of the silicon slab and normal transmission was recorded at the top of the gratings.
The resonant peak was observed at 1,135 nm. There are two reasons for designing the resonant peak at this wavelength. First, silicon has a strong absorption in the visible and near infrared region up to 1,000 nm, so any grating designs on silicon for transmission measurements must have a transmission resonance peak greater than 1,000 nm. Secondly the InGaAs detector used in the measurements has a maximum spectral response this region.
Once the bare grating structure was successfully simulated, a thin film of material with refractive index 1.502 was simulated on top of the gratings with different thicknesses ranging from 3 to 10 nm. The material was set to have same optical properties as the biochemicals used in the experiment. Grating structures with different bio-material thickness were simulated to estimate the shifts in resonant peak wavelength. Normal transmission spectra for thickness of 3–10 nm of bio-material on top of the gratings were simulated. As seen in
The gratings were fabricated on a double side polished silicon wafer of 425 μm thickness. The grating pattern was written on ZEP-520a resist on a silicon substrate using e-beam lithography. The samples were developed in ZED-N50 and the silicon was etched using a deep silicon plasma etcher with an etch rate of 12.5 nm/s for 32 s. After successful etching, the samples were cleaned in an oxygen plasma asher to remove hydrocarbon contaminants and any resist remaining during fabrication and gratings depth was measured to be ∼400 nm. The dimensions of the fabricated gratings were chosen to be 200 × 200 μm (length × width) and the period of the grating was fixed at 630 nm.
Gratings with different groove width were fabricated by varying the e-beam dose. The groove widths of silicon gratings were later measured accurately using an AFM and found to vary from 359 to 480 nm. Normal transmission through the gratings with different groove widths are expected to have resonant peaks at different wavelengths as the gratings resonant peak is highly sensitive to the grating width, grating depth and periodicity [
The immobilization technique used in this work was adapted from a previously published process on photonic crystal fibers for labeled antibody detection [
The uniformity, thickness of bio-material on the grating surface were characterized using AFM imaging and ellipsometry.
Normal transmission measurements were performed on the gratings using 0.8 m high resolution spectrograph and InGaAs detector. As shown in
Initially, normal transmission measurements were recorded from five bare silicon gratings with different groove widths. Transmission spectra of these bare silicon gratings, as shown in
The thickness of chemical layer of after coating poly-
For dev(1,2,5), shifts of 8 ± 1 nm in resonant peak wavelength were observed due to specific binding of biotin to streptavidin, as shown in
The funding for this project was provided by Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC), and Canada Foundation for Innovation (CFI). The authors would also like to acknowledge the use of Sharcnet Computational facilities, University of Western Ontario Nanofabrication lab, AFM facility (J. Hutter's group) and confocal microscope (F. Lagugné-Labarthet's group).
Gratings structure model used in the Lumerical FDTD simulation software.
Simulation results:
SEM image of silicon gratings fabricated using e-beam lithography.
Schematic of the immobilization process on silicon substrate.
AFM images of grating surface before and after immobilization.
Schematic of measurement setup.
Normal transmission spectra of grating devices with different groove widths.
Measurements recorded on device 1 at different stages of immobilization with inset of confocal image of the device after functionalizing with biotin where the streptavidin was tagged with fluorescein.