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Men wanting to become fathers should "put down that English breakfast" the Daily Mail has today declared, as research has linked a diet high in saturated fat to a reduced sperm count.
The study used surveys to examine the diets of 99 men attending a US fertility clinic, comparing how their food intake related to the quality of their sperm samples. Researchers found that men with a higher fat diet had both lower sperm counts and sperm concentrations. The third of men with the highest total fat intake had 43% lower total sperm count and 38% lower sperm concentration than men with the lowest third. Researchers said this association was driven mainly by saturated fat intake. Higher omega-3 intake was also linked to improved sperm quality.
While these results have garnered a lot of attention on the internet, the design of this small study means it cannot prove a cause and effect relationship between diet and sperm quality. This is because it did not follow participants over time to see how diet related to later sperm quality. To confirm or refute the results, larger studies that follow more men over time are required.
This study cannot, and does not, prove that a high-fat diet causes lower fertility. However, a balanced diet has many known health benefits and the study does reinforce the general perception that a healthy diet is essential for good health and wellbeing.
Where did the story come from?
The study was carried out by researchers from the Harvard Medical School in Boston and was funded by grants from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences and National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive Kidney Diseases in the US.
It was published in the peer-reviewed medical journal Human Reproduction.
Media reports generally over-stated the implications of the results of this small cross-sectional study. However, both the Daily Mail and BBC did include quotes from experts in the field warning of the numerous limitations of this type of study, balancing out the initial attention-grabbing headlines.
What kind of research was this?
This study looked at the association between diet and semen quality using a cross-sectional analysis, meaning it looked at both factors at a single point in time. A cross-sectional study can never prove a cause and effect relationship, as without observing factors over time it is not possible to know which event came first.
In this study, for example, it was not possible to tell whether men with low sperm counts happened to have had a bad diet or whether eating a bad diet actively caused their sperm counts to reduce. A cohort study, which follows people over a set time, would shed more light on whether differences in diet are likely to be causal. It might also be technically possible to conduct a trial looking at men's sperm quality before and after modifying their diet, although such trials can be harder to perform than studies with a cohort design.
The research authors suggest there is a lack of research on modifiable factors that influence male fertility. As a result, they aimed to investigate a suspected association between dietary fats and semen quality among men attending a fertility clinic.
What did the research involve?
A total of 173 men were recruited from couples attending the Massachusetts General Hospital Fertility Center in the US. The men were attending the centre in order to use their own semen to conceive using assisted reproductive technology.
Dietary information was assessed using a validated 131-item food frequency questionnaire that asked men how often, on average, during the previous year they had consumed specific amounts of each food, beverage or supplement listed in the questionnaire.
Semen was collected after a period of 48 hours of ejaculation abstinence. Sperm counts, concentration and percentage motility (the percentage of the sperm that were mobile) were measured within 45 minutes of collection using standard laboratory techniques. Reference standards from the World Health Organization were used to assess sperm concentration and motility. The way the sperm looked (morphology) was also assessed.
Fatty acid levels in the sperm and seminal fluid were also analysed in a sub-set of 23 of the men based on the availability of stored semen.
There were 99 men with complete data on semen quality and dietary habits. They were divided into three groups according to the proportion of their total calories that were derived from fats. Low, intermediate and high fat intake groups were defined as consuming 26%, 32% and 37% of their total calories from fat respectively. Participants were also grouped depending on the major fat categories they consumed (saturated, monounsaturated, polyunsaturated, and omega-6 and Omega 3). The analysis took account of differences in:
- total energy intake
- age
- abstinence time
- BMI smoking
- intake of alcohol and caffeine
What were the basic results?
Men in the study were largely caucasian (89%) and had an average age of 36.4 years. The majority were also overweight or obese (71%) and reported never smoking (67%). Overall, 41% of the men had semen categorised as normal, 12% had a low sperm concentration, 53% had less than half their sperm able to move and 32% had abnormal sperm morphology. The main findings were as follows:
- The third of men with the highest total fat intake had 41% lower total sperm count (95% CI -14% to -62%) and 38% lower sperm concentration (95% confidence interval [CI] -10% to -58%) than the third of men with the lowest.
- Researchers reported that the association between total fat intake and sperm count and concentration appeared to be driven by saturated fat intake.
- Men in the highest third of saturated fat intake had 41% lower sperm concentration then men in the lowest (95% CI -14% to -60%). This was after statistical adjustment for total energy intake, age, abstinence time, BMI smoking, intake of alcohol and caffeine.
- Higher intake of omega-3 polyunsaturated fats was related to more favourable sperm morphology. The third of men with the highest intake of omega-3 fatty acids had 1.9% (95% CI 0.4% to 3.5%) higher rates of normal sperm morphology than men in the lowest third.
- In the subsample of 23 men, higher levels of saturated fatty acids in sperm, and to a lesser extent in seminal fluid, were associated with lower sperm concentration and motility. Conversely, higher levels of omega-3 were related to higher sperm concentration and motility.
- There were no results reported on whether the men tested were able to conceive a child with their partners.
How did the researchers interpret the results?
The researchers conclude that: 'In this preliminary cross-sectional study, high intake of saturated fats was negatively related to sperm concentration whereas higher intake of omega-3 fats was positively related to sperm morphology'. They say that further studies with larger samples are required to confirm these findings.
This small, cross-sectional study has attempted to find any associations between higher fat intake and lower sperm count and concentration. It also examined whether higher intake of omega-3 polyunsaturated fats was associated with a higher proportion of sperm showing 'normal' appearance and physical characteristics.
However, given that the study assessed diet and sperm quality at the same point in time it cannot prove there is a cause and effect relationship between the two. It is not possible to know, for example, whether a bad diet causes low sperm counts or whether men with low sperm counts tend to have both a bad diet and lower sperm count due to some unknown factor linking the two. The small number of participants involved also increases the risk that the results have been influenced by chance.
The study has other limitations that should be considered when interpreting and assessing the implications of its findings. These include:
- Dietary intake is notoriously hard to measure accurately in studies of this kind. The method used in this study is adequate but still asked participants to recall food and drink consumed in the past year. This long recall timespan is likely to be subject to inaccuracy.
- Most men in this study were overweight, but lower sperm concentration was only found in those who had higher fat intakes. This is interesting as previous studies may have grouped men according to their weight and missed such an association, as they did not measure dietary fat intake.
- There were no results reported on whether the men tested were able to conceive a child with their partners. It is possible that even men with the lowest quality sperm may have been able to conceive naturally or with the assistance of reproductive technology.
- All the men in the research were attending a fertility clinic in order to use assisted reproductive treatment, although the specific reasons for this are unclear. This means we cannot tell how typical their sperm was compared to that of the general population or how well the results apply to other men not seeking this type of help.
- The researchers made multiple comparisons, increasing the risk they would discover a link by chance alone.
This study cannot, and does not, prove that a high-fat diet causes lower fertility. Larger, prospective cohort studies that follow more diverse groups of men, which assess their diet and sperm quality over time, are needed to confirm or refute these findings. However, this study does reinforce the general perception that a healthy diet may is essential for good health and wellbeing. There are many existing reasons to limit dietary saturated fat if you are a man or a woman as it is known to be linked to many diseases including cardiovascular disease.
Analysis by Bazian
Want to become a father? Put down that English breakfast: Study shows diets high in saturated fat damage sperm. Daily Mail, March 14 2012
Diet 'linked' to low sperm counts. BBC News, March 14 2012
Attaman JA, Toth TL, Furtado J et al. Dietary fat and semen quality among men attending a fertility clinic. Human Reproduction, First published online March 13 2012


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By Robert Horton Herald Movie Critic
The key to the "Fast &Furious" franchise's staying power is not obscure. When other series run out of original ideas they prop themselves up by relying too heavily on car chases.
"F&F" movies don't have this problem. They are nothing but car chases. That's the point. And as long as most of the imagination, energy and budget goes into the car chases, these movies do just fine.
We are now up to "Fast &Furious 6," and the wheels for Part 7 are not only turning, they are specifically set up by a final stinger included in this one's end credits.
The confidence is well-judged: This is a big, dumb, breathless film, full of crazy stunts and cars blowing up. The locations include London, Spain and the longest airport runway in the world, where a ludicrous climactic chase scene goes on and on.
"6" continues the "Ocean's Eleven" vibe from the previous movie, as the now-retired posse assembled by low-talking Dom Toretto (Vin Diesel) and Brian O'Connor (Paul Walker) team up again for a "this time it's personal" job.
Tyrese Gibson, Sung Yang and Chris "Ludacris" Bridges return to their roles.
The gang's pulled back into action when lawman Hobbs (Dwayne Johnson, also returning) needs them to help stop a nefarious band of fast-driving thieves. This other gang is the "bizarro world" version of our crew: They have a corresponding member for each of our heroes, a parallel pointed out in one of the movie's funnier scenes.
Like any long-running soap opera, "F&F" has the ability to bring back deceased characters. In this case it's Letty, played by Michelle Rodriguez, who perished a couple of chapters ago.
Given the amount of punishment doled out to people in the "F&F" universe, the fact that she bounced back almost intact (amnesia is a problem, admittedly) is really no great revelation.
Vin Diesel, who once seemed an intriguing presence but now doesn't do much on film except be fast and furious, is content to stand around and speak the cornball dialogue as though nobody'd ever said these things before. That puts him one up on Paul Walker, who still resembles balsa wood with blue eyes.
The series adds new blood with Mixed Martial Arts champ Gina Carano, who showed off her fighting skills in Steven Soderbergh's violent and clever "Haywire." Turns out Soderbergh must've really shaped that performance, because here Carano stands around looking as though she's thinking about anything other than the scene she's in.
The director is Justin Lin, who has helmed a few of the previous "F&F" pictures. And while Lin has no taste whatsoever, he does have a supercharged appetite for wild action, proved by a gung-ho sequence atop a divided freeway bridge in Spain.
Now, a tank rolling over cars while chained to another car that is falling from an overpass would probably be the climax in any other movie. But Lin prefers a cargo jet with its loading dock open, rolling down the runway at full throttle while fast and furious cars trail in the backdraft.
I don't need to add that there's a fistfight going on inside the plane.
At this point, you know whether this is the kind of film you want to see. And if it is, "Fast &Furious 6" will not disappoint.
"Fast &Furious 6" (two stars)
Dumb story and wooden acting, but director Justin Lin has a supercharged appetite for crazed action — and since that's the whole point of these "F&F" pictures, this one succeeds at its stunt-based goals. Vin Diesel, Paul Walker and Dwayne Johnson lead the cast of returning fast drivers.
Rated: PG-13 for violence, language.
Showing: Alderwood 7, Cinebarre, Everett Stadium, Galaxy Monroe, Marsyville, Stanwood, Meridian, Sundance, Thorton Place, Woodinville, Cascade Mall.

subset: commoncrawl


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A new web series from us that goes over 7 episodes and hopefully provides some fun over the Christmas and New Year period. Everything starts Tomorrow (Wednesday 12th Dec) and can be seen on our YouTube channel
Episodes will be released every Wednesday and Saturday over the next few weeks at 8pm with the exception of Ep#7 (online 1st Jan 2013). Subscribe, share, like and enjoy
Search Front Row MMA TV in YouTube (or use the link above) and look out for this first episode tomorrow


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Ask any Dubliner what's happening and you may hear echoes of one of W. B. Yeats's most-quoted lines: "All changed, changed utterly." No matter that the decade-long "Celtic Tiger" boom era has been quickly followed by the Great Recession—for visitors Dublin remains one of Western Europe's most popular and delightful urban destinations. Whether or not you're out to enjoy the old or new Dublin, you'll find it a colossally entertaining city, all the more astonishing considering its intimate size.
It is ironic and telling that James Joyce chose Dublin as the setting for his famous Ulysses, Dubliners, and A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man because it was a "centre of paralysis" where nothing much ever changed. Which only proves that even the greats get it wrong sometimes. Indeed, if Joyce were to return to his once genteel hometown today—disappointed with the city's provincial outlook, he left it in 1902 at the age of 20—and take a quasi-Homeric odyssey through the city (as he so famously does in Ulysses), would he even recognize Dublin as his "Dear Dirty Dumpling, foostherfather of fingalls and dotthergills"?
For instance, what would he make of Temple Bar—the city's erstwhile down-at-the-heels neighborhood, now crammed with restaurants and trendy hotels and suffused with a nonstop, international-party atmosphere? Or the simple sophistication of the open-air restaurants of the tiny Italian Quarter (named Ouartie Bloom after his own creation), complete with sultry tango lessons? Or of the hot/cool Irishness, where every aspect of Celtic culture results in sold-out theaters, from Once, the cult Indie movie and Broadway hit, to Riverdance, the old Irish mass-jig recast as a Las Vegas extravaganza? Plus, the resurrected Joyce might be stirred by the songs of U2, fired up by the sultry acting of Michael Fassbender, and moved by the poems of Nobel laureate Seamus Heaney. As for Ireland's capital, even after the Celtic Tiger party has faded, elegant shops and hotels, galleries, coffeehouses, and a stunning variety of new, creative little restaurants can be found on almost every street in Dublin, transforming the provincial city that suffocated Joyce into a place almost as cosmopolitan as the Paris to which he fled.
The recent economic downturn has provoked a few Dublin citizens to protest that the boomtown transformation of their heretofore-tranquil city has permanently affected its spirit and character. These skeptics (skepticism long being a favorite pastime in the capital city) await the outcome of "Dublin: The Sequel," and their greatest fear is the possibility that the tattered old lady on the Liffey has become a little less unique, a little more like everywhere else.
Oh ye of little faith: the rare ole gem that is Dublin is far from buried. The fundamentals—the Georgian elegance of Merrion Square, the Norman drama of Christ Church Cathedral, the foamy pint at an atmospheric pub—are still on hand to gratify. Most of all, there are the locals themselves: the nod and grin when you catch their eye on the street, the eagerness to hear half your life story before they tell you all of theirs, and their paradoxically dark but warm sense of humour.


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Feminism, Pop-Culture | Posted by Tasmia N on 08/3/2011
I don't get intricately handwritten letters very often. So, I settle for the next best thing: a magazine addressed to yours truly every month! Awesome, right? I certainly thought it was and I was quite content with that arrangement until I noticed that, frankly, the mainstream magazines I was subscribing to were just big ol' pots of mindlessness. In fact, I made a list proving this.
Mindless Things Frequently Featured in Mindless Magazines:
– How to get a freakin' cute butt!
– REEL IN THE MAN OF YOUR DREAMS! (Ahem, not considering any women of your dreams, plus other problems)
– Airbrushing galore
– Consumerism on every page.
So, I cancelled my subscriptions to said mindless magazines and felt utterly gloomy at the prospect of what …


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Folktales from India
A Selection of Oral Tales from 22 Languages
Edited and with an Introduction by A.K. Ramanujan
$19.95Add a review
I know of no other collection of folktales from India that is like this one - stories taken truly from the oral traditions of many groups and retold with an integrity that conveys so much life that I repeatedly find myself hearing the voice of the storyteller as I read them. For me, this collection is an exciting "find" - something I didn't know I wanted but now can't imagine never having had.
These are the types of fairy tales and folktales that explain the world around us - they reveal the types of people in the world, the way the spiritual world intermingles with daily life, the difference between what is wise and what only looks wise, and much, much more.
I would love to see more and more children hearing these stories - to me, they are a nectar of life. I would enthusiastically recommend various of these tales for children at several ages - during the "fairy tale years (ca. kindergarten and grade 1), "the fable years" (ca. grade 2), and then again as an enlivening addition to the myths of India (grade 5) as a way of uniting the heaven of the gods with the life of the earth. These tales are good, solid soul food - the kind that uplifts without carrying one off the ground. You'll love them!
Twenty Jataka Tales
Retold by Noor Inayat Khan
Illustrated by H. Willebeek La Mair
$14.95Add a review
These twenty tales have been drawn from famous legends concerning the former lives of the Buddha. Beloved by children and adults, they tell of people and animals moved to acts of sacrifice by the noble example of their fellow creatures. There is a wonderful interweaving of a sentient creation throughout these stories. The flavor of these stories will remind you of Aesop, as will the lessons they contain which are so beautifully conveyed. These stories are ideal for reading or telling to children - their highly dramatic adventures that resolve in non-violence and compassion are often just exactly what today's children are hungry for. You'll love the exquisite illustrations, also - there is a light delicacy to them that at the same time conveys enormous strength - just right for these tales.
Myths and Legends of Japan
F. Hadland Davis
$12.95Add a review
Wow. What an amazing collections of stories and delicious cultural/historical tidbits - and retold so very well! Here are the most popular Japanese myths of gods, heroes and warriors; legends of Buddha, and of the goddess Benten and the god Daikoku. There are tales of the sea and of Mount Fuji; accounts of superstitions and supernatural beings; observations on the spiritual properties of fans, flowers, mirrors, dolls and butterflies.
The collection begins with the early myths of the gods, which are followed by legends celebrating early heroes and warriors, and includes the earliest example of Japanese romance, "The Bamboo-Cutter and the Moon-Maiden." Many of the legends that follow reflect an exquisite, poetic beauty, though there are some which also exhibit a rather crude realism -- you'll want to pick and choose where children are to be listening.
The author has included a terrific set of appendices, for those of use not very familiar with Japanese culture: there are notes on Japanese poetry, a listing of gods and goddesses, a geneology of The Age of the Gods and an index of poetical quotations. This is another book that has been brought back from the past - originally published in 1913, it is just as alive and amazing today.
For the Children of the World
Stories and Recipes from the Internatinoal Association for Steiner/Waldorf Early Childhood Education
Louise deForest, Editor
Illustrated by Gudrid Malmsten
$16.00Add a review
Here is a joyous collection of folktales from around the world, retold from the heart for young children. In addition to some of the best stories the world's people have to offer, an extra treat is the recipes from many of the cultures that contributed to this rich and wonderful book. Each recipe was clear chosen to be tasty and wholesome for young children, as well as being simple enough to make while tending our little ones. Altogether, this is a vibrant collection that evokes love and wonder. I can't recommend it highly enough.
- The Name of the Tree (South Africa)
- Tunjur, Tunjur (Israel)
- Momotaro, the Peach Boy (Japan)
- The Little Flame
- The Little Possum Who Wanted a Peach
- Time for Bed
- Where Has Father Sun Gone?
- Recipe: Peppercorn Birthday Cake
- The Duckling's Journey (Austria)
- The Story of the Cat with the Long, Long Tail (Belgium)
- Tailor Tom (Denmark)
- Little Ash Squirel and Little Oak Squirrel (France)
- Turlutin (France)
- The Lantern (Germany)
- Speaking Grapes, Smiling Apples and Ringing Peaches (Hungary)
- The Old Woman and the Little Mouse (Sweden)
- Sir Cat-O-Puss (Ukraine)
- The Soupstone Story (United Kingdom)
- Recipes: Spitzbuben Cookies, Michaelmas Soup, St. John's Elderflower Drink, Potato Pogatcha, Salty Pretzels, Hot Cross Buns
- How the Robin Got Its Red Breast (Canada)
- Tajin and the Seven Thunders (Mexico)
- The Legend of the Tepozteco (Mexico)
- The Story of the Jumping Mouse (United States)
- Recipes: Cree Bannock Bread, Tamales, Birthday Muffins
- The Magic Stone (Brazil)
- The Golden Fish and the Magic Star (Brazil)
- The Little Seed (Brazil)
Also available in the Spanish Edition, Para Los Ninos del Mundo
Myths of the World
Collected and Retold by Padraic Colum
$25.00Add a review
A treasure house of stories from ancient myth and legend, told by one of Ireland's greatest storytellers.
"The interest of this book lies in its scope and in the engaging way in which the myths are recounted. Suitable for bedtime reading either to yourself or your children."
— Scientific and Medical Network
Here is a comprehensive collection of tales that have carried deeply human meaning through the centuries. You will find all the legendary heroes and tragic characters of ancient times—Iris, Osiris, Gilgamesh, Hercules, Pandora, and many more.
Padraic Colum shows the close relationships between past cultures by including stories from ancient Egypt, Babylon, Greece, Rome, Ireland, Iceland, China, Japan, New Zealand, Mexico, and Peru. A feast for the soul!
This classic collection will entertain and enlighten children of all ages.
Great Myths of the World
Selected and Retold by Padraic Colum
Identical to Myths of the World, but in an older typesetting.
$12.95Add a review
As a tour of the world's great civilizations and the myths that give voice to their cultures, Padraic Colum's stands out as being not only sweeping in scope but beautiful in voice.As a tour of the world's great civilizations and the myths that give voice to their cultures, Padraic Colum's stands out as being not only sweeping in scope but beautiful in voice. Colum has selected what I will call 'keystone myths' from the ancient cultures that have informed our modern world:
Egypt, Babylon, Persia, Post-Christian Judaism, Greece, Rome, Graeco-Rome, the Celtic world, Finland (Kalevala), Iceland, India, China, Japan, Polynesia, Peru, Central America and Mexico, Zuni.
Colum also treats us to his wonderful essay, "The Significance of Mythology."
This one-volume edition carries within its covers more cultural heartbeats and beautiful vision than any other single book I can think of. Great Myths of the World is a book to enjoy throughout a lifetime. In Waldorf education, many of these myths are at the heart of 4th and 5th grade curricula.


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Mary-Ellen Hemming a senior majoring in Psychology, found the classes at Lake Superior State University provide one on one conversations that are very helpful.
Psychology is an interesting field because it allows someone the opportunity to examine and determine a reason for an individual's behavior. Often behavior is subconscious and even an individual may not know why he/she acts in a particular manner and I find it fascinating discovering reasons for individual's particular behavior and also why people in general behave in certain ways. Psychology is a vast area that ranges from Physiological Psychology to Abnormal Psychology to Social Psychology.
I hope to attend graduate school focusing on research in social psychology. I find patterns of group behavior interesting and also how social settings reflect on an individual's mentality.
I feel that learning psychology and learning in general makes the studying and work worthwhile. I feel most satisfied when I can walk away from a class and know that I have learned a great deal about a subject that I am interested in. Grades, awards, and scholarships are appreciated recognition for hard work but at the end of the day if the acknowledgement disappeared I would still be content knowing that I am more aware of the world around me.
LSSU Makes a Difference
LSSU is a relatively small school and I believe for this reason I have received a better education. The close atmosphere as opposed to a larger university has provided me with an opportunity to become acquainted with my professors. The professors therefore have an opportunity to assist with problems fairly easily, especially in upper level classes.
Undergraduate Thesis
I will be working on a program evaluation for my honor's senior thesis for the Learning Center in which I will track incoming freshman's usage of the program and progress they make in their academic classes. I also will be doing a senior thesis project for the psychology department.
Laboratory Experience
I have enjoyed learning about the SPSS program that the social sciences use in order to determine the existence or possible non existence of significant effects of experiments. It allows experimenters the ability to quickly and quite efficiently see if the results that they have collected have been significant. The results can then be applied to other events and with more research lead to impacting theories. Hopefully the program evaluation will show results that may eventually enhance incoming students' performance in their classes.
Other Interests
Outside of my academic commitments I enjoy dancing. I have danced here at Lake Superior State University since Spring of 2007 and have acquired great pleasure from it. Dancing pushes an individual mentally and physically outside of their comfort zone. It has made me a more confident and self-assured individual and I owe much of that to Dr. Choszczyk, who is the dance instructor here at LSSU.


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Hello. My name is Debra Jacobson and work at Savannah schools. I was traveling from one school to the next and found this dog. He is soooo sweet and loving. Not only that but he is already neutered!! He has to be a lost dog since he's neutered and he's very friendly, social, and loves attention. I have done animal rescue for years; however, when I moved to the lowcountry, I became unable to foster. My apartment complex will not allow more than 2 pets and I already have 2. He is currently at Savanna's animal control. They hold him for 5 days before they go onto the adoption floor so his hold-time is up 1/14. I talked to Michelle and Pound Pups and she said to contact you. Can you please put his picture up to try and find his owner? Or maybe even someone to foster or adopt him, if things should get that far? I just don't want him to get euthanized as he is so wonderful, playful, and seems to love everyone. Thank you so much for all your help.
Debra Jacobson
UPDATE: As of today, depending on space, this dog has 5-10 days before they euthanize at Savannah's animal control


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Heart disease and dietDiet - heart disease
A healthy diet is a major factor in reducing your risk of heart disease.
Salads are always a healthy choice.
On average, Americans eat about half a cup of sugar every day.
Snacking is not healthy.
Any vegetable dish is good for you.
Fish is a healthier option than meat.
All fats are bad for your heart.
It's best to limit grains.
Cholesterol is only found in foods made from animal products.
Soy products aren't good for you.
The Mediterranean diet is just a fad.
All fast food is bad for you.
A healthy diet and lifestyle can reduce your risk of:
- Heart disease, heart attacks, and stroke
- Conditions that lead to heart disease, including high cholesterol, high blood pressure, and obesity
- Other chronic health problems, including type 2 diabetes, osteoporosis, and some forms of cancer
Most fruits and vegetables are part of a heart-healthy diet. They are good sources of fiber, vitamins, and minerals. Most are low in fat, calories, sodium, and cholesterol.
Eat five or more servings of fruits and vegetables per day.
Eat low-fat breads, cereals, crackers, rice, pasta, and starchy vegetables (such as peas, potatoes, corn, winter squash, and lima beans). These foods are high in the B vitamins, iron, and fiber. They are also low in fat and cholesterol.
Eat six or more servings per day of grain products, including whole grains. Grain products provide fiber, vitamins, minerals, and complex carbohydrates. Be careful about eating too many grains, however. Too much can make you gain weight.
Avoid baked goods such as butter rolls, cheese crackers, and croissants, cream sauces for pasta and vegetables, and cream soups.
Meat, poultry, seafood, dried peas, lentils, nuts, and eggs are good sources of protein, B vitamins, iron, and other vitamins and minerals.
- Avoid duck, goose, marbled meats (such as a ribeye steak), prime cuts of high-fat meats, organ meats such as kidneys and liver, and prepared meats such as sausage, hot dogs, and high-fat lunch meats.
- Eat no more than 6 cooked ounces of meat, poultry, and fish daily. One serving of these foods should be about the size of a deck of cards on your plate.
- Trim off all the visible fat before cooking the meat.
- Eat two servings of fish per week.
- Cook by baking, broiling, roasting, steaming, boiling, or microwaving rather than deep frying.
- For the main entree, use less meat or have meatless meals a few times a week. Use smaller amounts of meat to reduce the total fat content of the meal.
- Use skinless turkey, chicken, fish, or lean red meat to reduce the amount of saturated fat in your diet. You may occasionally eat lean, 3-ounce cuts of red meat.
- Do not use more than three or four egg yolks per week, including the eggs you use in cooking.
- Eat less organ meat (such as liver) and shellfish (such as shrimp and lobster)
Milk and other dairy products are good sources of protein, calcium, the B vitamins niacin and riboflavin, and vitamins A and D. Use skim or 1% milk. Cheese, yogurt, and buttermilk should be low-fat or non-fat.
A diet high in saturated fat causes cholesterol to build up in your arteries (blood vessels). Cholesterol is a soft, waxy substance that can cause clogged or blocked arteries. This puts you at risk for heart attack, stroke, and other major health problems. Avoid or limit foods that are high in saturated fats.
- Limit total fat intake to 25 - 35% of your total daily calories. Keep saturated fats to only 10% of your total daily calories.
- Foods with a lot of saturated fats are animal products such as butter, cheese, whole milk, ice cream, sour cream, lard, and fatty meats such as bacon.
- Some vegetable oils (coconut, palm, and palm kernel oils) also contain saturated fats. These fats are solid at room temperature.
- Use no more than 5 - 8 teaspoons of fats or oils per day for salads, cooking, and baking.
- Eat less than 300 mg of dietary cholesterol each day. (One egg yolk contains an average of 213 mg of cholesterol.)
Some fats are better choices than others, but you should still use them in moderate amounts.
Think about the following when picking a margarine:
- Choose soft margarine (tub or liquid) over harder stick forms.
- Choose margarines with liquid vegetable oil as the first ingredient. Even better, choose "light" margarines that list water as the first ingredient. These are even lower in saturated fat.
- Avoid hydrogenated and partially hydrogenated fats (read the ingredient labels).
Trans fatty acids are unhealthy fats that form when vegetable oil hardens in a process called hydrogenation. They are often used to keep foods fresh for a long time, and for cooking in fast food restaurants.
- Trans fats can raise LDL ("bad") cholesterol levels in your blood. They can also lower your HDL ("good") cholesterol levels.
- Avoid fried foods, commercial baked goods (donuts, cookies, and crackers), processed foods, and hard margarines.
Talking to a registered dietitian is helpful. The American Heart Association has local chapters in every state. They are also an excellent resource for information on heart disease.
Maintain your ideal body weight and balance the number of calories you eat with the number you use each day. You can ask a dietitian or a health care professional to help you determine these numbers. Limit your intake of foods high in calories or low in nutrition, including foods like soft drinks and candy that contain a lot of sugar.
Eat less than 2,400 mg of salt per day. Cut down on salt by reducing the amount of salt you add to food at the table. Also limit prepared foods that have salt added to them, such as canned soups and vegetables, cured meats, and some frozen meals. Always check the nutrition label for the sodium content per serving.
Exercise regularly. For example, walk for at least 30 minutes a day.
Limit the amount of alcohol you drink. Women should have no more than one alcoholic drink per day. Men should not have more than two alcoholic drinks each day.
American Heart Association Nutrition Committee: Lichtenstein AH, Appel LJ, Brands M, Camethon M, Daniels S, et al. Diet and lifestyle recommendations revision 2006: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association Nutrition Committee. Circulation. 2006;114:82-96.
Heimburger DC . Nutrition's interface with health and disease. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 24th ed .Philadelphia,Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2011:chap 220.
Mosca L, Banka CL, Benjamin EJ, Berra K, Bushnell C, Dolor RJ, et al. Evidence-based guidelines for cardiovascular disease prevention in women: 2007 update. Circulation. 2007;115:1481-1501.
Mozaffarian D. Nutrition and cardiovascular disease. In: Bonow RO, Mann DL, Zipes DP, Libby P, eds. Braunwald's Heart Disease: A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine. 9th ed.Philadelphia,Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2011:chap 48.
Heart disease risk facto...
Fish in diet - illustration
Fish in diet
Fruits and vegetables - illustration
Fruits and vegetables
Obesity and health - illustration
Obesity and health
Review Date: 5/24/2011
Reviewed By: David C. Dugdale, III, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M. Health Solutions, Ebix, Inc.


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What's Trending: October 17th
|[BCA]This is a campaign I am 100% behind. It's called P.INK tattoo day and it takes place on October 21st. P.INK stands for Personal Ink and it's a crowd funding campaign that lives on indiegogo.com. 10 renowned tattoo artists are going to help 10 breast cancer survivors to cover up their masectomy scars with tattoos! They are using tattooing as a method of moving on and reclaiming life after breast cancer. They are close to their goal so help out!
|[beauty]I love when nail polish companies come out with limited edition colors! The latest is the OPI Miss Universe polish with three shades; a purple I'm Feeling Sashy, a deep black plum Miss You-niverse, and the textured matte platinum This Gown Needs a Crown. It has a satin finish! The colors are inspired by the women entering the 2013 Miss Universe competition. Find it at your favorite beauty store; ULTA, jcp Salons, Trade Secret, and more!
|[app]It's important to keep track of weight loss through pictures, that's when you can really see a difference. But having them spread out all over your photos on your phone isn't ideal. The Too Phat app allows you to take full pics of yourself and track your weight loss journey through photos. It also lets you use the camera on your computer and store the picture in your phone if you don't have someone to take it for you!


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The 911 BCD is a Back-Inflation Buoyancy System Designed for the Public Safety Diver. Based on the Tech Platform, the 911 with Twin Buckle Front Closures, Adjustable Torso" Straps and Dual Position Adjustable Sternum Strap, all with Squeeze Style" Quick-Release Buckles. The BCD's Air Cell provides 65 lbs. (29.48 kg) of Lift with its Durable 1050-Denier Ballistic Nylon Outer Bag with 3M Scotch-Lite Trim and Urethane Inner Bladder. This model adds Zippered Storage Pockets over the 36 lbs. (16.33 kg) Ripcord Weight Pockets, has Hose Storage Pockets on both sides of the bladder, SOLAS Reflective Tape on the Buckles for High Visibility, and a Split Saddle Harness. The 911 is also equipped with 20 lbs. (9.72 kg) Capacity Rear Trim Weight Pockets for Stability in the water.
Zeagle's Special Purpose Buoyancy Systems have grown out of Zeagle's involvement with various Public Safety Diving Agencies and Technical Divers. Zeagle incorporate features which divers in these Highly Specialized Fields have requested. Attachment of accessories is made easy with 6-Stainless Steel D-Rings on the Vest and 4-D-Rings on the Shoulders. There are also 2-Hose Storage Pockets on the Bladder.
The 911 BCD has 11" (27.9 cm) Spaced Grommets for Mounting Twin Cylinder Back-Plate so it is compatible with both Single or Double Cylinder Set-Ups. BCD has Full Lumbar Pad for Comfort. Articulated Shoulders that Reduce Binding in the Underarms and Chest Area as well as Increased Freedom of Movement all for added Comfort and Fit.
The 911 BCD comes standard with Zeagle's BX Power Inflator System. The BX Power Inflator makes Preventative Maintenance easy with its Threaded Lower Mechanism that allows the attachment of a garden hose for Fast and Easy Inner Bladder Rinsing. The Bx is also connected to a Pull Dump Valve for Rapid Deflation. Trimming Buoyancy in any position is made easy with the additional 2 Lower Rear Over-Pressure Relief/Pull Dump Valves with Pull Cords. BCD is available in multiple sizes, comes with a Low Pressure Quick-Disconnect Hose and is made in the USA.
This product has a limited lifetime warranty.
Reviewed by 2 customers
Outastanding BC with all of the features available on the Zeagle Ranger but with a 65lb lift bladder. As usual, outsatanding deals and fast delivery, Thank you Leisure Pro.


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Osher Lecture Series
Fall 2014 Osher Lecture Series
Carson Series
Location: Carson Series lectures are held on Wednesdays, 10 a.m. to noon, on the CSUDH campus, Extended Education Auditorium, EE-1213, 1000 E. Victoria Street, Carson, CA.
About the Series
The Fall 2014 Carson Series features CSUDH faculty presenting recent research in their fields of expertise. You will learn how CSUDH faculty research is affecting communities locally and globally. Emerging issues will be related to applications and real life examples. This is an opportunity to ask the experts in a relaxed and collegial setting.
Philosophy as the Art of Living
Wednesday, September 17 – 10:00am - noon
Brian Gregor, Ph.D., Assistant Professor, Philosophy, CSUDH
Key Latina Activists of the 20th Century
Wednesday, October 1 – 10:00am - noon
Marisela R. Chavez, Ph.D., Associate Professor, Chicana/Chicano Studies, CSUDH
Truth, Lies, and Criminal Profiling: (Mis)Perceptions of Forensic Psychology in Popular Television
Wednesday, October 15 – 10:00am - noon
Heather Butler, Ph.D., Professor, Psychology, CSUDH
African American Cultural Celebrations, 2014
Wednesday, November 9 – 10:00am - noon
Hansonia Caldwell, Ph.D., Professor Emeritus, Music, CSUDH
Endangered Species and International Wildlife Law Enforcement
Wednesday, November 19 – 10:00am - noon
Marie Palladini, J.D., Associate Professor, Public Administration, CSUDH
5 Wednesdays, September 17; October 1, 15; November 5, 19 • 10:00am – noon
California State University, Extended Education Auditorium, EE-1213, 1000 E. Victoria Street, Carson
For current OLLI members, there is no charge, but registration is required.
Read more about the Osher Lecture Series. See also Manhattan Beach Series and Torrance Series.


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Fri, 02 Apr 2010 /
1 Attending
Techno evangelist or synth pop heartthrob? Being both has created plenty of confusion for those who follow Tiga, but the Montreal DJ/producer couldn't imagine it any other way.
Quality over quantity has been the guiding principle for this London techno label over the past decade, and it has been better than ever since its relaunch in 2009. RA delves into the history of James Ruskin's Blueprint.
RA packed their cameras for this year's conference in Miami. Here's what we saw.
RA picks the May festival highlights from across the globe.
The German DJ/producer has spent his career following his own path, often to his detriment. In advance of his appearance at Ministry of Sound, RA's Todd L. Burns sits down with Thomas Schumacher to find out why instincts are so important.


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Welcome to Animasia Animation Studio
As a one-stop answer to the production of digital contents, Animasia Studio, a 2D Animation Studio, offers out-of-the-world creative animation through an on-going idea of oozing colour, fun, adventure and turning still life into motion animated series & cartoon series.
Busting our way through animation, multimedia and various artworks, we're proudly the first few ISO certified (ISO 9001:2008) animation company and also an MSC Malaysia Status Company with more than 10 years of experience in animation.
Running since 1996, we have stalked and swatted our way into taking our clients to a height of winning numerous awards in Asia.
In the capacity of character design, concept artwork
and storyboarding, Animasia Studio, the biggest
animation service provider in Malaysia, has
excelled many Government Ministries
and creative companies based
in Malaysia and Asia.


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I recently had the pleasure of discussing mimetic theory and scapegoating with our friends at the Metta Center in Berkeley. Michael Nagler suggested that our prison system in which African-Americans are incarcerated at six times the rates of whites is a good example of scapegoating. I agree. Michael understands something paradoxically true about scapegoating: that [Read More…]
Mimetic Theory Goes to Prison
January 27, 2014 by 126 Comments


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Hotel Cabinn Scandinavia
Vodroffsvej 55, 1900 Copenhagen, Denmark |Show on the map
from $61
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The hotel has 201 rooms including 27 family rooms for up to 4 persons and 25 rooms specially designed for wheelchair users. Free wireless internet in the lobby. Breakfast restaurant and conference facilities on site. Private parking available.
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Services and terms: Hotel Cabinn Scandinavia
Accommodation facilities
- Lift
- Bar/Café
- Business Centre
- Internet Centre
- Laundry
- People with reduced mobility access
- Non-smoker Rooms
- Parking
- Restaurant
- 24 hr Room Service
Standard Room Services
- Satellite TV
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Location: Hotel Cabinn Scandinavia
Located in the green area Frederiksberg near the Lakes and Forum. The Town Hall Square (Raadhuspladsen) and Tivoli gardens are 1.1 kms away. The nearest Airport is 12 km from the hotel.1 kms to city centre. 12 kms to the nearest airport (copenhagen). 3 minute walk to the nearest metro station (forum). 1 km to the nearest station (vesterport). 1 minute walk to the nearest bus stop. 200 km to the nearest fair site (forum).
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text:
Attend Photoshop training in Champlin. Our Champlin classroom is configured to allow you to get the most out of your Photoshop class.
Learn Adobe Photoshop in our Champlin, Minnesota facility to create, enhance and modify amazing images. Photoshop is used by professional and amateur photographers plus graphic and web designers to manipulate images.
ONLC offers instructor-led training classes in Champlin, Minnesota for Photoshop at an intro level and an advanced level class for those with more experience. You may also use this training to help prepare for Adobe Certifed Expert (ACE) certification.
Adobe Photoshop CC (Creative Cloud 2015 Release)
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Photoshop CS5 Advanced


text:
Myoclonus is a brief and rapid twitching of a muscle or muscle groups. The twitching happens suddenly. It cannot be stopped or controlled.
There are different types of myoclonus. Some occur normally, like the hiccups or a movement while falling asleep. Other types are abnormal. The condition can be classified according to:
- Underlying cause
- Pattern of movement
- Origin within the body
The movements are caused by an abnormal electrical discharge in the nervous system. The electrical discharge may begin in the:
- Brain
- Spinal cord
- Nerves in the body
The message travels along the nerves to the muscle. The nerve stimulates a muscle or group of muscles to suddenly contract.
|The Nervous System Pathways
|Copyright © Nucleus Medical Media, Inc.
What triggers the abnormal electrical discharge depends on the cause. Myoclonus is often a symptom of a nervous system or metabolic condition. Possible causes include:
- A lack of oxygen or nutrients
- Certain medications or toxins
Nervous system disorders, such as:
- Head or spinal cord trauma or injury
- Tumors of the brain or spinal cord
- Multiple sclerosis
- Parkinson disease
- Alzheimer disease
- Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and other prion diseases
- Huntington disease
- Encephalitis
- Stroke
- Epilepsy
- Coma
- Paraneoplastic syndromes—disorders that happen in people with certain types of cancer
Metabolic disorders, such as:
- Lipid storage disease—a congenital disorder that usually occurs in children
- Electrolyte imbalance
- Respiratory failure
- Liver failure
- Kidney failure
- Malabsorption syndromes, such as Whipple disease or celiac disease
Risk Factors
A family history of myoclonus is the only common risk factor that has been identified.
Myoclonic symptoms vary from mild to severe. This depends on the cause of the problem. It may begin in childhood or adulthood. The sudden jerking or twitching may occur once in a while or often. It may be limited to one region of the body or affect all muscle groups.
Light, sound, touch, or movement may be triggers. Or, it may happen for no known reason. Movements can occur at rest or during other movements. There may be one or a series of twitches. Sometimes, the jerking occurs in a pattern. Other times, there is no pattern. Myoclonus can become so severe that it interferes with eating, speaking, or walking.
You will be asked about your symptoms and medical history. A physical exam will be done. Your doctor will try to determine the following:
- The localization of the myoclonus in the nervous system
- If an underlying condition is responsible for the symptoms
You may have your brain and muscle activity measured and recorded. This can be done with:
Pictures may be taken of your brain and spinal cord. This can be done with:
Your bodily fluids may be tested. This can be done with blood tests.
Treatment will begin by attempting to cure any underlying causes, such as tumors or electrolyte imbalances. If these treatments do not work, then treatment aims to reduce how severe the movements are. In some case, multiple drugs are needed to reduce twitching. Some have serious side effects.
- Sedatives
- Anticonvulsants
- Dietary supplements
- Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
Taking these steps may help to reduce your chance of myoclonus:
- Take care to prevent brain injury. For example, wear a helmet when riding a bicycle or motorcycle.
- If twitching begins after starting a new medication, tell your doctor. Your doctor may be able to lower the dose or prescribe a different medication.
- Warren A. Bodine, DO, CAQSM
- Reviewed: 05/2016
- Updated: 05/11/2013
Please note, not all procedures included in this resource library are available at Henry Ford Allegiance Health or performed by Henry Ford Allegiance Health physicians.
All EBSCO Publishing proprietary, consumer health and medical information found on this site is accredited by URAC. URAC's Health Web Site Accreditation Program requires compliance with 53 rigorous standards of quality and accountability, verified by independent audits. To send comments or feedback to our Editorial Team regarding the content please email us at firstname.lastname@example.com.
This content is reviewed regularly and is updated when new and relevant evidence is made available. This information is neither intended nor implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider prior to starting any new treatment or with questions regarding a medical condition.
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BBS CH 135 Black Center w/ Polished S.S. Lip: 20x9 +44
Part Number: CH135BPO
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|Quantity 1 equals 1 wheel
Earn 1338 reward points. Learn More
Will It Fit Your Vehicle?
This is not a vehicle specific partPlease read the product description and details prior to purchase. Please contact us if you need assistance.
One Piece Counter Pressure Cast Wheel with Flow-formed rim - Back-milled spoke area - Featuring stainless steel rim protector - Weight optimized by FEM analysis
- Part Number: CH135BPO
- Bolt Pattern: 5 x 120
- Bore: PFS (82mm)
- Center Bore: PFS (82mm)
- Color: Black
- Wheel Diameter: 20 inch
- Wheel Offset: +44mm
- Wheel Width: 9.0 inch
Vehicle Fitment
- This part does not have vehicle specific fitment


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Some have expressed they would like a KDE Version of Kali. So I present to you KDE Kali Linux 32Bit. I built it as described in the documentation. Please Enjoy!
I will seed indefinitely but I ask for your help in seeding. Thank
Edit* Just a heads up. For some reason the LiveCD of KDE is missing several components for reason I don't know why as of yet. Such as the networking manager, firefox, perhaps a few others. Other Tools are there. So I'm not sure where I went wrong if I did or I am just missing something and nothing is wrong. I'm about to do a fresh install to disk and see what happens.
Edit2* Ok so the install to disk seems to work fine. Networking is working, though Wicd has to be installed and also you have to add to the sources list. as there is only one entry. You can use this thread http://forums.kali.org/showthread.ph...APT-Repo-s-FIX .
Also no firefox still, so will have to install that manually it seems.
I must apologize that this ISO is not perfect, so please don't rely on it, just my attempts to follow the guide to build it to work with KDE. Though, minor inconveniences it's fairly easy to fix the broken parts. I suggest for a LiveUSB to make it persistence to apply the customizations you would like. Hopefully sometime down the line an Official KDE Kali will be released.
Last edited by charonsecurity; 03-16-2013 at 12:38 PM.
I do not see any KDE version in the official Kali Linux download page..So if it has not been releaed yet from Kali team, you might want to stick to the official download.
Anyway, you can switch from gnome to kde, but do it if you know what you are doing, many dependencies will remain broken since KDE uses QT based-packages and gnome GTK+. Both are metapackages (KDE and Gnome).
You might end up reinstalling Icewease, networkmanager, etc.
I see many poeple desperate for the Kali release..I do not understand why...
They think things will be more "Automatic"?...mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm...Read the forums at Kali webpage....
By the way, a HUGE EFFORT from Kali team, putting up such a distro...Congratulations!!!!!
Last edited by maverik35; 03-17-2013 at 06:04 PM.
thanks for getting me psyched up about it ... www.kali.org
I had download and install the version posted by Charonsecurity - it looks great, A BigThanks
to charonsecurity
but having some difficulties:
Can anybody let me know how install "wicd" in kali i386 KDE?
It come with no network manager, so I can not connect to the internet and install it via apt-get
I had try in many ways, but keep getting errors
There is no web browser too, I have search for 'iceweasel' but could not find it
Thanks guys
No worries man! Yeah I actually have another thread going about the issues and resolutions with this KDE Kali. http://forums.kali.org/showthread.ph...g-KDE-Kali-x86
I will be updating that thread every now and then with other things that may arise and the solutions I have found. Also a big thanks to the community as well for helping me out as well! I hope its what you are looking for
Thanks so much for your answer


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E89 Z4 (2009 - current)
|Thread Tools
|Display Modes
Z4, MB SLK or Porsche Boxter?
While I'm waiting for my 2013 328i to be delivered, I'm thinking of what my next car should be. Always wanted a convertible. Always wanted a roadster.
Z4, MB SLK or Porsche Boxter?
All 3 seem quite neat to me.
Next Ride: Boxster, Z4 or SLK?
Current Ride: 2013 328i MT
Previous Ride: 2007 Cooper S MT
First thing you should do is enjoy the 328i while you have it. I just recently traded in my 328xi for my Z4 and I have to admit that I am really missing my 328 right now. It isn't that the Z4 is a bad car in any way, but it is entirely different than the 328. As for your question, I guess only you could really make that determination. The most important thing to me when I begin looking for a new car is does it appeal to me aesthetically. If I don't find a car attractive then there is not much of a reason to go much further. That doesn't mean that the look of a car is the most important factor, but is the first criteria. Keeping that in mind, I tried to like the Porsche Cayman and even looked at them a few different times but I just couldn't like it enough. As for the SLK, I kind of see that as a snotty country club woman's car. Obviously that is just my perception, much like I look at a Volkswagen Beetle as a girls car but that is what would keep me out of the SLK. Now, both may be fine cars, but between your choices I would definitely lean toward the Z4.
BMW 335is, Cobb tune with VRSF intercooler, Injen CAI, and BMS downpipes. 382/414 rwhp/tq. Le Mans blue with Black Dakota leather, Convenience and Premium packages, 19" wheels, 7 speed DCT, heated seats, Nav., Harmon Kardon Logic 7 stereo w/ Satellite radio. 2015 BMW X1 28iXdrive M Sport, LeMans Blue, with Black Dakota leather, Premium and Technology packages, with heated seats, satellite radio.
I'm planning on keeping both the 328i and the roadster. Where I live (upstate NY), roadster are useless in the winter.
Actually I like the styling of the SLK a lot. Never thought of that as a woman's car. I can see the snotty bit though.
Next Ride: Boxster, Z4 or SLK?
Current Ride: 2013 328i MT
Previous Ride: 2007 Cooper S MT
This will probably come as complete and utter shock here on" The Z4 Forum", but....
Next Ride: Boxster, Z4 or SLK?
Current Ride: 2013 328i MT
Previous Ride: 2007 Cooper S MT
Boxster: slowest to accelerate but best handling
Z4: faster but not quite as good handling at the limit
SLK: touring car
I want a Boxster to autocross and a Z4 sdrive 28i to drive on the street. I can't do both so I'm looking at a '13 Boxster and an '11 35is. If the Z4 had a factory option LSD it would be no contest.
I chose the 2009 Z4 35i over the 2009 Boxster S for 4 reasons:
1) Price
2) Boxster still looks like it did 15 years ago
3) Boxster S does not "feel" as fast as the Z4 as it has less Torque and max Torque does not kick in soon enough
4) Z4 Interior has much better look, feel comfort and ergonomics
I chose the Z4 over the TT primarily because:
1) Z4 exterior design is much nicer
2) Did not like the rice burner characteristics of the TT. Don't know how to explain it any better than that
If the new SLK was available back in 2009 I still would have chosen the Z4 primarily due to:
1) Price
2) Do not like the front end design of the new SLK
Last edited by BlueZ4AZ; 08-31-2012 at 09:47 PM.
The new (2013) Boxster S is... well it's incredible. The redesigned exterior (IMO) is fantastic. The top of the car is a lot more flat than it was in years past and the front end is a little more squared off. I'd always thought that they were too rounded for my tastes, but the new one looks like a damn supercar. It drives like its on a rail, daring you to push it harder into turns.
Unfortunately, they're also more expensive and you're unlikely to see the deals that you will from BMW.
I love the Z4. They're (IMO) more pleasant inside, particularly with the added tech (comfort access, iDrive, etc). Spec'd out, they are nearly identical from a performance perspective. Hard to beat the hard top.
Threads like this are pointless - you're talking about three completely different cars, the one you pick will be the one YOU like best after much consideration and a few test drives.
The Porsche is the "race car" of the group, the other two are beautiful cruisers, but all have their strengths and weaknesses - characteristics only the OP can determine for himself.
So, in three years, or whatever, take some time and explore.
2000 Mercedes Benz E320 (daily driver)
2007 Infiniti M35x (wife's)
2006 330 cic ZHP 6sp (current)
2005 Z4 3.0 sp nav x-leather (retired)
2000 323i PP (best car, ever - retired)
...and the Z4 transforms into the sportscar it is supposed to be after one replaces the OEM runflats with proper performance tires.
Last edited by BlueZ4AZ; 09-27-2012 at 09:30 AM.
They drive different, always have... But its still the one I'd pick...hell just ordered number 3!
Cruiser? No
This is a Cruiser
2009 Z4 sDrive30i and a 2004 Toyota Land Cruiser - Lifted, locked and a few other toys
2007 120d Limited Sport Ed
2009 sDrive30
I considered a new Boxster, but reasonably well equipped, it was around $73K, and only $1K off. My 35i Z4 was stickered at $66K, and I got it for $60K.
Also - the Z4 is maintenance cost free for 4 years. The P-Car (to put it simply) ain't!. I'm glad I had a Porsche at least once in my life, but am even more glad to be driving the Z4 (oh - I also have a 328i X-drive sportswagon that gives me a nice change of pace when I'm in the "big car" mood) I have no opinion on the MB.
"The trouble with quotes on the internet is you never know if they are genuine. - Abraham Lincoln
My second car is a 335i and I can tell you it is a blast to drive , but on a different level than the Z4. In choosing my Z4, I looked at the Boxter, Lexus, Mercededs and each in its own right had certain style features which were appealing and also some not so appealing. The bottom line, the Z4 seemed to have just the right amount of features and style lines that were asthelically pleasing and the engine was just right for our needs. The bottom line - I agree with the others who reply - it is a matter of taste when it comes to style and when it comes to performance and handling, in my opinion, BMW wins hands down.
Happy Motoring
I was in the same situation last month...
Out of nothing, i went to Mercedes to ask for the SLK200. The sales guy offered me a drive test, and i loooooved the car. Smooth ride, comfortable, awesome.
I was almost certain that i would get that one, until a friend (and my gf too) told me to hold and watch the "alternatives". Tried the Boxster, TT, and a Jaguar. I left the Z4 last, because i didn't like the look of it. (but it happens that i only knew the old soft-top model).
The new Z4 was not there, so they offered me a drive test of a series 3 (M package). I loved it. So much, i almost forgot the SLK.
A couple of days later, they had the Z4, and invited me to drive it... I loved it even more.
In the end, i got the Z4 and i love it. And these are the points i looked to choose it (and why i left the others aside):
- It has free mantenaince over 2 years. Boxster has few shops here, and is way too expensive to mantain (same goes for the Jag).
- The TT is a great car. But the service was AWFUL. I had to look for someone to assist me, and the one who did, just handed me a couple of BAD photocopies and thats it. Both Mercedes and BMW, gave me a handfull of full color catalogues with plenty of info. (a little too much xD). Some friends told me afterservice was even worse.
- The SLK has a decent acceleration, and is enjoyable to drive. However, the Z4 has superb acceleration, and is awesome to drive. When i need to pass a slow car on a high speed way, its just fast. The SLK felt heavy and slow to recover.
- The Z4 is a looker. Everyone takes a look at the car. I have got compliments on it while driving top down. The SLK is nice looking too, but people don't look so amazed.
- I don't like Porsche's. Their line, rounded shapes, headlights, i don't know. Cannot get to like them. But it is a great car nonetheless.
- Friends a gf, said that the SLK is nice car, but from the front looks weird. Too low, and too "old guy" looking.
- My Z4 has the M package. Its a little stiffer and you can feel more bumps than the SLK. But in the end, it isn't that deal-breaker. It's a real fun drive.
This were some of my thoughts before taking the decision. Please go and drive your alternatives. In the end of the day, it only matters how you like driving it.
( BTW, i just registered in the forum. I will introduce myself and post pictures of my Z4 soon )
BMW Z4 > Mercedes SLK > Porsche Boxster
I carefully considered the Porsche Boxster and the Mercedes SLK 350 before deciding to order the Z4 35is. All were comparably priced with the same options, so that was not an issue. However, in the Z4 28i versus Mercedes SLK 250 price range, there is no contest, IMO, since the acceleration of the SLK 250 1.8 liter engine just is not in the same league as the Z4 28i.
I eliminated the Boxster early on since I am not fond of the styling and I wanted a hard top convertible, not a software. Having never owed a convertible, I figure most of my driving will be with the top up. Summers in Austin are too hot and the sun is too intense for open top driving. Like most places in the US, there is only a month or two of good top down driving weather. By all accounts the Boxster is the best for performance driving...but honestly, how often will I really push the car to the limits in cornering around town?
In comparing the Mercedes SLK350 with the BMW Z4 35is, there are several features that make it a close call. First, the SLK has conventional tires compared to the run-flat tires on the BMW, which everyone seems to hate due to their increased road noise, harsher feel and shorter life. Second, the SLK has more trunk space, which is more noticeable with the top down. Third, the new SLK350 gets much better mileage than the BMW Z4 35is (30 vs 24 highway). Finally, the ride on the SLK is a bit smoother and has less road noise. As a personal preference, that adds up to 4 points in favor of the Mercedes for me.
However, the DCT transmission on the Z4 is so much more smooth and the acceleration without hesitation is just fantastic. Jump on the gas and it just goes! But, for me the deciding factor was styling. I tried to like the SLK350, but the front end was just a bit on the ugly side for me. And I hated the way the side mirrors just stuck out from the side of the door like a tree limb. They seemed to be just out of place. On the other had, the Z4 is just gorgeous from any angle. In fact, it was the styling of the Z4 that made me start thinking about getting a roadster in the first place. I can live with the run-flat tires (or go rogue and change them!), I won't drive it so many miles that mileage will make much of a difference (I have a Lexus hybrid SUV for long trips), the trunk space is adequate, and the road feel is ok and something I did not find objectionable. I did 3 test drives just to make sure.
In the end, I am very happy with my decision...Melbourne Red Metallic Z4 35is. The car is on order and has just finished production.
Last edited by KAJ; 12-23-2012 at 08:09 AM.
congrats & enjoy. i finalized an order on a 28i today...mw/canyon brown with a bunch of stuff. i gave strong thouht to the slk but the z4 was much more fun to drive & comfortable over all in every way than the slk250 & a much better value to boot.
The mineral white metallic with canyon brown leather is a stunning combination. I am sure you will love it. I ordered my Z4 on Oct 12 2012, production began on Nov 1 and ended on Nov 10. So now I am waiting for it to be shipped to the US. While waiting for your car, you might find this video of the BMW assembly to be entertaining.
Update: Dec 21, 2012. My car was delivered on Dec 14, exactly 9 weeks after I ordered it. Maybe that will help you estimate the time of arrival of your new car.
2013 BMW Z4 35is, Melbourne Red Metallic on Beige Kansas leather, 18 inch wheels, Heated front seats, Ash Grain Wood Trim, Park Distance Control, Navigation system,
BMW Apps
Last edited by KAJ; 12-23-2012 at 12:59 PM. Reason: Update
To, OP. A lot of is very personal. But in my opinion, the Z4 is the best looking out of the three. If you are going to the track a few times a year, then perhaps the Boxter is a better choice. Otherwise I think the Z4 is a great balance between comfort and sport. The SLK is a good car, just not as good as Z4 in just about every metric.
KAS, found another E89 Austinite! You must head over to this thread, pronto!
2009 Z4 sDrive35i DCT, AW/CR
2010 335i Coupe 6MT, SG/CR [SOLD]
Z4 of coz. SLK to thick for the roadster, like a big butt chick. Z4 more like a slender hot chick to me. I used to drive my dad SLK back in the days and love it. IMO the SLK was better looking than the Z4 previous generation, but not anymore. I went to LA Auto Show and so sure about it. Boxster, any Porsche but Boxster.
2009 BMW 650i Cabrio (daily drive)
2011 Audi A4 (groceries, bully, road trip, winter beater, family car)
This is a religious question, like asking, "What's better: Catholic, Baptist, or Protestant?" That said, I've found the BMW to be a bit lighter on the wallet for maintance and repair compared to the other two, especially when you go to the dealer.
BMW Z4 arrived
The Porsche website has the best photos, while the BMW website is probably the worst and certainly does not do justice to the Melbourne Red Metallic, which I purchased. Here are some photos of my new 2013 Z4 35is. If you are looking for a religious experience, maybe this will help.
2013 BMW Z4 35is, Melbourne Red Metallic on Beige Kansas leather, 18 inch wheels, Heated front seats, Ash Grain Wood Trim, Park Distance Control, Navigation system,
BMW Apps
Last edited by KAJ; 12-24-2012 at 08:19 AM.
I did find photos of the 2014 Z4 here. http://autoblog.com/photos/2014-bmw-z4/
OMG! drool drool!
Fixed link
I fixed the link to the photos. Somehow it had gotten truncated.
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7 U.S. Code § 6103 - Issuance of orders
To effectuate the declared policy of section 6101(b) of this title, the Secretary, subject to the procedures provided in subsection (b), shall issue orders under this chapter applicable to producers, importers, and first handlers of mushrooms. Any such order shall be national in scope. Not more than one order shall be in effect under this chapter at any one time.
The Secretary may propose the issuance of an order under this chapter, or an association of mushroom producers or any other person that will be affected by this chapter may request the issuance of, and submit a proposal for, such an order.
Not later than 60 days after the receipt of a request and proposal by an interested person for an order, or when the Secretary determines to propose an order, the Secretary shall publish the proposed order and give due notice and opportunity for public comment on the proposed order.
After notice and opportunity for public comment are given, as provided in paragraph (2), the Secretary shall issue the order, taking into consideration the comments received and including in the order provisions necessary to ensure that the order is in conformity with the requirements of this chapter. Such order shall be issued and, if approved by producers and importers of mushrooms as provided in section 6105(a) of this title, shall become effective not later than 180 days following publication of the proposed order.
LII has no control over and does not endorse any external Internet site that contains links to or references LII.


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This Forum has been archivedVisit the new Forums
|Forums: Index → Narutopedia Collaboration → Community Project, Tag maddness
I've created two new templates {{Image character tag}} and {{Image tags}}. They allow for the use of Semantic MediaWiki to tag images with a list of characters. The {{Image tags}} lists the tags, and {{Image character tag}} takes a single parameter with the name of a character.Simply put, on an image like Image:Haruno Sakura.jpg you use:
{{Image tags}} {{Image character tag|Sakura Haruno}}Also like on Image:Sakura Inner.jpg when you have multiple characters please keep the multiple {{Image character tag}} uses on the same line to avoid adding extra empty paragraphs:
{{Image tags}} {{Image character tag|Sakura Haruno|Inner Sakura}}
^_^ Here's a new community project for those who are interested. Going through the Gallery of images and tagging all the images with what characters are inside of the image. That'll make finding good images for an article much easier in the future if we keep to tagging them. If you want a good starting point start here and hit the (previous 48) button whenever you're done with the page. ~NOTASTAFF Daniel Friesen (DanTMan, Nadir Seen Fire) (talk) current discussion Jun 26, 2008 @ 01:54 (UTC)
- Now that you mention it, I do remember hearing about two namespaces called "Type" and "Property". I always wondered what they were. ~Kakashi Namikaze (talk) 21:07, 16 July 2008 (UTC)


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World Cruise
Explore a World Cruise and World Cruise Segments
A world cruise is a life-changing adventure filled with extraordinary itineraries that will take you across seven continents and allow you to explore ancient civilizations, modern marvels, and incredible natural wonders and will introduce you to many diverse and exotic cultures. These incredible itineraries offer even the most experienced traveler new and life changing experiences which will create memories that will last a lifetime.
On a world cruise you will visit legendary temples, explore the mysteries of Egypt and the Middle East. The wonders of India and Africa will enchant you. Marvel at the incredible Great Barrier Reef. Be inspired by the treasures of the Far East. Take in South America's beautiful landscapes and diversity from Machu Picchu to Cape Horn. On a world cruise you will discover a kaleidoscope of cultures and gain new insights and perspectives about the history, culture and traditions of the many destinations that greet you.
Life on board a world cruise is filled with luxurious accommodations, exceptional service, fine dining and an ever-changing horizon. Your ship provides a home away from home as you journey across the globe making new friends with fellow travelers who share a passion for travel and adventure.
World cruises range from 99 to 139 Day with shorter segments available on a number of cruise lines departing from a number of ports. Cruise lines offering world cruises include Crystal Cruises, Cunard, Holland America, Regent Seven Seas Cruises, and Seabourn. Call now or book online to receive discounts, onboard credits, upgrades and more on your next world cruise or world cruise segment.
Featured World Cruises
Jan 23, 2018 - May 16, 2018
Los Angeles to Rome
Jan 7, 2018 - Apr 30, 2018
Cape Town to Fort Lauderdale
Jan 7, 2018 - May 10, 2018
Roundtrip Southampton
Jan 3, 2018 - May 10, 2018
Roundtrip New York City
Jan 5, 2018 - Mar 25, 2018
Roundtrip Hamburg
Jan 4, 2018 - Apr 28, 2018
Roundtrip Fort Lauderdale
Jan 4, 2019 - May 2, 2019
Roundtrip Rome/Civitavecchia
Jan 5, 2018 – Apr 27, 2018
Roundtrip Fort Lauderdale
Apr 18, 2018 - May 16, 2018
Miami to Vancouver
Apr 22, 2018 - Jun 1, 2018
Bangkok to Rome/Civitavecchia
Jan 4, 2018 - Jun 4, 2018
Miami to Vancouver
Mar 19, 2018 - Jun 4, 2018
Singapore to Vancouver


text: Hiya! Playing these games again after some time. I just have a quick question! Sorry if it's been asked before, but here goes anyway. In The Siege of Spinner Cay, what is Guybrush whistling while Anemone is away repairing Narwhal's mast (for the first time)? This has always puzzled me. I haven't gotten a grasp of the melody, I guess because I've always had the background music on and pretty loud. Is it something related to Monkey Island?


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Shalom-Peace Pendant by Marla Studio
By Marla studio
In your choice of sterling silver of bronze, this pendant reads "Shalom" in Hebrew in the front, and "Peace" in English on the back. Beautiful for its paradox of rugged meets elegant and ancient meets modern. SIZE: 3/8" wide x 1 1/4" long.
CHOOSE: Sterling Silver or Bronze Pendant
CHOOSE: Leather Cord or Sterling Silver Chain


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I haven't got the full details ironed out yet, but it's going to be something different cos I think the fans are getting bored by current MMA and I think this will pull in some new demographics...
- this event will be BAREFIST. Equipment allowed will be shorts, box & gumshield.
- the fights will take place in a cage measuring 10' in diameter.
- defensive tactics will be penalised. All fighters will be expected to be attacking 100% for the full duration of the fights. If a fighter is not attacking they will be penalised by a point deduction. If they continue to commit this foul, the fighter will have to remove their gumshield on the second offence and then box after that.
- rounds will be 5 x 1min with 30secs rest periods.
- takedowns are allowed but they must be slams or spikes, no trips. Judo style throws are allowed only if they land the opponent onto their head.
- joint locks are allowed but there is no tapout or ref stoppage. The injured fighter will have to continue with a damaged limb.
- chokes are allowed but there is no tapout or ref stoppage. Loss of consciousness ends the fight.
- fights will be scored on the following criteria...
+ amount of blood drawn from opponent
+ number of limbs disabled
+ number of knockdowns
+ number of slams/spikes
+ overall damage based on fighter appearance at the end of the fight
Any fighters interested, let me know by posting here


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I actually had a version 1 of this working for almost a year with BT 2...that just quit for no reason I could find.
I thought the card blew...returned it for a v3.
lsusb shows it on my boxes I've tried...BT2 and BT3...yet airmon-ng shows no cards found. I've posted another thread saying 2 other cards I've tried...that show nothing in BT2 or BT3.
I"m lost..I had it working easy the first time I tried all this.
I'll be watching your thread too.
What computer are you trying?


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''Fren let me tell you, purple must smash people. SMASH THEM...that is hequirement for purple. Purple belt dangerus man, if purple belt cannot smash he not real purple'' - CREONTE
Follow me on Twitter
If you didn't see it with your own eyes, or hear it with your own ears, don't invent it with your small mind and share it with your big mouth!
Sorry, just seen your posts Ben and Jim.
Andy Lillis, Former Cagewarriors President
Yes probably best all around if I bow out of competing now I think and concentrate on my other things.
Mike "the mic" Persil
I think competition was putting it generously
MMA Officials London, Essex and East Anglia representative


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I am 35 weeks 1 day along.....
My pre-preggo weight was: 152 lbs
I now weigh: 182 lbs
I have gained 30 pounds!!
Please tell me you ladies are putting on the pounds right along with me....I eat all the time, I can't help myself!!
Scary thought....Less than 5 weeks left and then the dreaded hard core diet starts...Uggg!! And its around the holidays, so this is gonna be so difficult!


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Zimmerman Aimed Shotgun at Me: Girlfriend
(NEWSER) – George Zimmerman is in police custody once again. He was arrested today on domestic violence charges after his girlfriend said he broke a table and pointed a shotgun at her in a dispute, WFTV reports. He then pushed her outside and barricaded the door, police deputies said. But Zimmerman removed the barricade for deputies and made no aggressive moves when they took him away. He faces a felony charge of aggravated assault with a weapon as well as criminal mischief and battery charges.


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Bookmark this site
MARKHAM, ON -- Universal Space's Pirate's Hook, a two-player video redemption piece that challenges patrons to turn a hand-crank to lower a hook and snare valuable fish, made it under the spotlight on two continents. Bigger fish earn higher scores, and the mega-bonus "treasure" goes to the player who snags the wily, elusive Lobster King.
Featuring a 42" LCD monitor and eye-catching LED illumination that changes colors continually, Pirate's Hook debuted in late March at Amusement Expo in the Las Vegas and in Moscow at the Russian Association of Amusement Parks and Attractions' 15th annual exposition. Both shows took place March 20-22, and Unis's exhibits included a diverse array of amusement equipment.
Pirate's Hook is engineered for fast-paced play action that rewards skill and good timing. After money is inserted, a game is initiated by each player's pressing a button to lower his or her "hook," which is visible on the screen. Once the hook is down, attention shifts to the reels. The rotating handles used to control the on-screen hooks incorporate multiple tension settings; greater exertion is required to haul in larger fish. The overall object is to catch as many fish as possible within the time limit of the game, while avoiding "junk" catches that have no ticket value.
Unis international sales manager Steven Tan explained that the game originally was launched at last fall's International Association of Amusement Parks and Attractions show in Orlando, FL. "Pirate's Hook has proved itself to be a great addition to all types of locations," he reported.
"We are very pleased with how well Pirate's Hook is performing," he added. Earning reports can be had by calling Tan (905) 477-2823.


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Scotty B's Holiday Savings [Coupon Corner]
Hello Coupon Loving Listeners! Welcome to another edition of Coupon Corner at ElvisDuran.com!
'Tis the season for giving! Why not get something for yourself too? Gift cards may be impersonal, but people love them! This is the time of year that you can buy them and get a bonus! There are lots of retailers currently offering a little extra for you when you purchase a certain amount of gift cards. Let's take a look at some of the food establishments currently giving you this great deal...
Purchase $100 in gift cards at Bonefish Grill, get a $20 card free!
Applebees, Chilis, Fridays and Benihana all give you $10 when you buy $50.
At California Pizza Kitchen, buy $100, score $20 more…same goes for Outback Steakhouse.
Remember, this is just a sampling, for a limited time only, and there may be local places near you that also offer bonus gift cards…so check your favorite restaurant and see if you can grab some grub for free!
While we're on the topic, keep an eye on your local supermarket or favorite drug store chain's sale circular. They also frequently offer deals on gift cards. You may be able to get a few bucks back or some rewards points for buying certain gift cards. These deals are always changing and they are always out there during the holiday season, so keep an eye out! Happy holiday shopping!
Send me your stories of savings! E-mail me at: firstname.lastname@example.com or on Twitter at @ZscottyB


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Brevard, N.C. – The Brevard College softball team dropped their season finale with #10 ranked Lenoir-Rhyne on Sunday afternoon as Sarah Carlos, Kayla Dorsey, and Martika Elmore were recognized in their last home doubleheader on Senior Day. The Tornados were unable to come back from an early 3-0 deficit as they fell 6-0 in the opener, and dropped the second game 6-4.
The Tornados are now 28-19 on the season and fell to 6-12 in South Atlantic Conference play. Lenoir-Rhyne improved to 37-8 on the season and 16-2 in SAC match-ups as they took the regular season title.
Game One: Lenoir-Rhyne 6, Brevard 0
Box Score
The Tornados fell behind early in the opener as the Bears put up a three-spot in the first inning. Three extra base hits by the opening three batters gave Lenoir-Rhyne a quick 2-0 lead and a Jessica Fellmeth groundout put the Bears up 3-0 in the opening frame.
Lenoir-Rhyne added to their 3-0 lead in the third when Carlee Carpenter and Fellmeth each drove in a run in the inning to put the Bears on-top 5-0.
L-R plunged the final dagger when they put up their sixth run of the game in the sixth inning when Jody Mizelle hit an RBI-single up the middle to score Heather Brock.
Martika Elmore (Fayetteville, N.C.) was charged with the loss as she fell to 16-10 on the season. She was touched for six runs on 10 hits, while striking out seven in the loss. Dawon Millwood picked up the win for Lenoir-Rhyne as she moved to 21-4 on the season. She went a complete game allowing just two hits.
Game Two: Lenoir-Rhyne 6, Brevard 4
Box Score
After a scoreless opening inning the Bears struck first in the nightcap of the twinbill. Lenoir-Rhyne scored a pair of runs in the second when Brandi Haithcock doubled home Fellmeth giving them a 1-0 lead. Mizelle was able to single home Haithcock later in the inning to put the Bears up 2-0.
The Bears added another pair of runs in the third and went on-top 4-0 after Sarah Atkins and Haithcock each drove in a run.
Lenoir-Rhyne made it 5-0 when Kat Rivers hit an RBI-double to left centerfield in the fifth to score Carpenter from first.
The Tornados hit the scoreboard for the first time in the fourth. Chelsi Mallory (Mechanicsville, Va.) led off the inning with a walk. Elmore was next to the plate and singled to leftfield, advancing Mallory to second. With a full-count, Kayla Clemens (Sebring, Fla.) stung a pitch well over the wall in left field for her second homer of the season. The three-run bomb put Brevard to within striking distance as they trailed 5-3 heading into the fifth.
L-R added a run to their lead when Mizelle brought home another run to put the Bears up 6-3.
The Tornados attempted to make a comeback in the sixth as Becca Curlee (Eagle River Alaska) scored Mallory on a groundout to put Brevard back to within two, 6-4. But they were unable to mount the comeback as they fell by that score.
Alyssa Miller (Davie, Fla.) was saddled with the loss as she fell to 12-9 on the season. She surrendered six runs, five earned on 11 hits in the loss. Megan Laxton picked up her fourth win of the season moving to 4-1 as she pitch five innings allowing four runs on three hits. Millwood earned her second save pitching a flawless seventh inning.
The Tornados have earned a spot on the 2011 Food Lion South Atlantic Conference Softball Tournament. Brevard earned the seventh seed in the tournament and will face-off with second seed Carson-Newman College on Wednesday, April 20th in Jefferson City, Tennessee. Be sure to check-in at BCTornados.com periodically to find out what time the Tornados and Eagles square-off.


text:
- Investigations
- Blogs
- Videos
- Events
- Topics
- About CIR
What's happening?
Tomorrow, five men accused of planning the attacks that killed nearly 3,000 people on 9/11 will be arraigned in a military courtroom at the Guantanamo Bay prison in Cuba. The high-profile case will shine an international spotlight on a "war court" system that, despite legal reforms, is derided as inherently unjust by critics and lauded by proponents as the most secure, efficient forum to try detainees suspected of terrorism. A trial could offer an intimate look at the events leading up to the 2001 terrorist attacks and also could raise the issues of torture and inmate abuse that became synonymous with the infamous prison.
Who are the defendants?
The defendants each are charged with eight counts, including conspiracy, murder in violation of the law of war, hijacking of an aircraft and terrorism. In a 2009 court filing, they proudly acknowledged their role in the attacks, calling the charges "badges of honor." If convicted by a panel of military officers, they could face the death penalty. This is the second time they will be arraigned. Proceedings broke off after President Barack Obama took office in 2009, vowing to shut down Guantanamo and try terror suspects in a federal courtroom in Manhattan. That plan failed amid political opposition and outcry over security. Military prosecutors refiled the charges in 2011, and they were referred to the military commission last month.
How is a military commission trial different from a federal trial on U.S. soil?
One of the key differences between a trial in military and federal court is the admissibility of hearsay. Federal courts generally prohibit the use of secondhand statements as evidence – a witness relaying what someone else told him or her, for example. By law, the defendant has a right to question the witnesses against him or her, and that cannot happen if the statement comes in the form of an anonymous memo or an interrogator relaying what a suspect said about the defendant.
Under a military commission trial, the hearsay rules are more relaxed. Attorneys can present secondhand information if the judge deems it impractical to bring the witness to court and thinks the information is reliable and serves the interests of justice. Military commission court rules say the use of hearsay is justified because attorneys must build a case based largely on evidence gathered in foreign countries, through military and intelligence operations, which makes it more difficult to produce the witnesses who could give a firsthand account during the trial.
Evidence obtained through torture
It's difficult to talk about detainees at Guantanamo or other notorious prisons without conjuring up images of hooded captives stripped naked, cowering before attack dogs or forced into humiliating positions. The allegations and substantial documentation of torture methods have complicated past prosecutions and likely will be an issue in this case as well.
According to a declassified 2005 CIA memo, Mohammed was waterboarded 183 times in March 2003 while being held in a secret prison before transfer to Guantanamo. CIA memos also detail a number of other interrogation methods that could be used, including slamming prisoners into walls, depriving them of sleep and forcing them into a cramped box with an insect inside.
Current military court rules, revised by Obama, ban the use of statements obtained by "torture or cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment." If a judge deems interrogation methods too harsh, the evidence is thrown out.
"Derivative evidence" – evidence eventually gathered as a result of something a detainee said because of torture – is also generally prohibited, though there is an exception for information the judge believes the government would have learned anyway, without the torture. Derivative evidence could include information obtained from a witness whose identity interrogators learned by torturing a detainee, for example.
Critics say the lax hearsay rules could allow statements obtained by torture to slip through because it may be difficult for a judge to determine what the circumstances were when an absent or anonymous witness gave the statement.
Verdict and sentencing
In a federal court, a judge imposes a sentence using federal guidelines and his or her own discretion after the jury determines the verdict. At Guantanamo, it is the jury of 12 military officers that will decide the fate of Mohammed and his co-defendants, including whether they should be put to death if found guilty. (There would be a lengthy appeal process before any executions were carried out.)
The process for jurors to reach that verdict also differs. In federal court, there must be unanimous agreement on every charge. One holdout juror can result in a deadlock, in which case a judge would declare a mistrial – meaning prosecutors can come back and try again.
With the military tribunal, only two-thirds agreement is required for a conviction. If fewer than eight of the 12 jurors are convinced there is enough evidence to convict, that charge is tossed out permanently. On sentencing, a two-thirds majority is required for a sentence of fewer than 10 years. Three-fourths of the panel must agree on sentences of more than 10 years. To impose the death penalty, the jury must be unanimous on both the conviction and sentencing.
Freedom unlikely
Regardless of the verdict, it's unlikely the defendants in this case will leave Guantanamo anytime soon. The government considers Mohammed and his co-defendants to be "high-value detainees" – powerful terror leaders too dangerous to set free into the world. Even completing a sentence does not guarantee release at Guantanamo. Because the defendants are classified as enemy combatants, the government says it can continue to hold them as long as armed conflict is ongoing.
Are most terror-related cases tried in military courts?
No. About a half dozen cases total have gone before the military court at Guantanamo. According to the Center on Law and Security at the New York University School of Law, some 310 defendants have been indicted in federal court on "jihadist terror" or national security charges since 9/11, with a conviction rate of 87 percent. Of defendants who were convicted, 25 received a sentence of more than 30 years, 35 received a sentence of between 15 and 30 years, and 91 received fewer than 15 years, according to the report [PDF]. Federal prosecutions spiked after Obama took office, the report shows, jumping from four cases in 2008 to 42 in 2009 – the most since 2002.
This story was edited by Robert Salladay and copy edited by Nikki Frick.


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Your USCard account can be used for both copying and printing. For all current USC students, faculty or Staff, USC Library recommends that you make use of your USCard account. USCard will also create department cards for academic departments or project teams.
If you do not wish to use your USCard or if you are not a USC student, staff or faculty, you can purchase a Library Print/Copy card in the Doheny Library.
Pricing for Printing
- Black & White 8 1/2 x 11: 12¢
- Black & White 11 x 17*: 18¢
- Double-sided Black & White 8 1/2 x 11: 16¢ (per sheet)
- Double-sided Black & White 11 x 17*: 30¢ (per sheet)
- Color 8 1/2 x 11: 50¢
- Color 11 x 17*: 60¢
- Double-sided Color 8 1/2 x 11: 70¢ (per sheet)
- Double-sided Color 11 x 17*: $1 (per sheet)
Be careful! If you choose a color printer, every page will be at color prices whether it's color or not. To save money, print your color pages separately.
*11 x 17 only available in Architecture and Fine Arts Library and Science and Engineering Library
Pricing for Copying
- Black & White: 12¢ per side
- Black & White 11 x 17*: 18¢ per side (available in Architecture and Fine Arts Library and Science and Engineering Library)
- Color: 50¢ per side
- Color 11 x 17*: 60¢
*11 x 17 only available in Architecture and Fine Arts Library and Science and Engineering Library
USCard Payment
Adding Value to your USCard
There are two options for adding value to your USCard account
- Leavey Library USCard Value Transfer machine allows you to enter bills for the amount you want to add. It can be found in the Ahmanson Information Commons on the ground floor of the building.
- USCard 24/7 Customer Service Line (213-740-8709),
- Visit the Customer Service Counter in Parking Stucture X on the ground floor
- To add funds online, click here. You'll be instructed in how to add funds to your USCard via the web.
Checking your USCard Balance
- Your available balance will be displayed when you print to a library copier, and when you swipe your card through a copier payment system.
- You can also check your available balance at the USCard Value Transfer machine in Leavey Library and at the Library Copy/Print Card vending machine in the Doheny Library.
Library Copy/Print Card Payment
Purchasing a Copy/Print Card
A Copy/Print Card vending machine is located in the Doheny Library. The minimum value that can be added is $1.00, and the cards are not rechargeable. When purchasing a Copy/Print Card, please follow the instruction on the screen. Note that after the card is dispensed, you need to swipe it through the machine (magnetic stripe up) within 30 seconds to activate the funds.