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Arctic Sea Ice Decline
- Sea Ice and Climate
- Observed Sea Ice Melt
- The Forecast
- Impacts of Disappearing Sea Ice
- The Cold, Hard Facts
- Related Blogs
- Sea Ice Resources
Sea Ice and the Climate System
Sea ice forms and melts in sea water, as opposed to land-based ice such as glaciers, ice sheets or shelves, and grounded icebergs. In today's climate regime, sea ice has been observed as far south as Bohai Bay in China—a latitude comparable to the Mediterranean Sea. Sea ice begins to form when water temperature dips just below freezing, at around -1.8°C (or 28.8°F). It grows into small sheets that look like pancakes, and eventually merge together to form large ice floes which can span miles. As the ice forms, it expels the salt, which increases the density of the surrounding water and thus plays a critical role in global ocean circulation.
Temperature in the Arctic has increased at twice the rate as the rest of the globe, and the region is expected to increase an additional 8°C (14°F) in the 21st century. Winter temperature has increased more than summer temperature, which is a trend that is expected to continue. While some have suggested that these variations in temperature and associated sea ice melt are a natural cycle, recent research tells us that the Arctic was in a 2,000 year cooling trend before the 20th century and its influx of greenhouse gases.
Sea ice is generally moderated by sunlight—it grows in the winter and melts in the summer—but there are other factors at play in the decline of ice in the Arctic Ocean. Warm ocean currents travel north from the equator and usher in warmer and warmer water, making sea ice growth difficult. Weather patterns over the high mid-latitudes and the Arctic can also affect sea ice growth. Under normal climate conditions, cold air is confined to the Arctic by the polar vortex winds, which circle counter-clockwise around the North Pole. As sea ice coverage decreases, the Arctic warms, high pressure builds, and the polar vortex weakens, sending cold air is spilling southward into the mid-latitudes, bringing record cold and fierce snowstorms. At the same time, warm air will flowing into the Arctic to replace the cold air spilling south, which drives more sea ice loss. This reversal could be partially driven by sea ice loss, and so is expected to surface more often in the coming years.
The primary role that sea ice plays in global climate its ability to efficiently reflect the Sun's radiation. This property is called "albedo," the measure of the reflecting power of a surface. The albedo of snow-covered sea ice is 0.90, meaning it reflects 90% of the Sun's radiation. Just like wearing a white shirt will keep you cool when you're out in the Sun, the sea ice covering the Arctic keeps the thermostat low. The ocean surface, however, is almost black, and it only reflects 10%, meaning it absorbs 90%. After something absorbs sunlight, it emits heat. Less sea ice and more ocean surface will lead to a warmer Arctic, and a warmer climate.
Observed Sea Ice Melt
Satellite data show that since the late 1970s, September Arctic sea ice extent has decreased by about 12% per decade. What's especially alarming is the decrease in multi-year ice. Sea ice is classified by age, usually as "new ice" or "multi-year" ice (meaning it survived many summer melting seasons). While new ice is very shallow, multi-year ice can grow to be quite thick, typically between 6 and 12 feet, and is very stable. A remarkable study was published in 2007 which measured the amount of multi-year ice in the Arctic. In 1987, 57% of the observed ice pack was at least 5 years old, and around 25% of it was at least 9 years old. When they surveyed the Arctic again in 2007, only 7% of the ice pack was at least 5 years old, and the ice that was at least 9 years old had all but vanished. Likewise, sea ice thickness and volume have decreased markedly since the beginning of the satellite era.
Figure 2. September Arctic sea ice extent. Sea ice extent measurements are made with satellite instruments, and are given in millions of square kilometers. Sea ice measurements are available within the satellite era, and are shown here from 1979 through the previous month. Data source: National Snow and Ice Data Center.
Recent years have set a number of sea ice records in the Arctic. The summer of 2007 saw a "perfect storm" of weather conditions favorable for ice loss. Unusually strong high pressure over the Arctic led to clear skies and plenty of sunshine. The polar vortex weakened, injecting large amounts of warm air into the Arctic. Sea ice loss doubled to 39% in 2007, according to the National Snow and Ice Data Center. In one year, as much ice was lost as in the previous 28 years combined. In 2011, the University of Bremen reported that sea ice had reached a new all-time low on September 8th, and was 27,000 square kilometers below the previous record set in 2007.
Extraordinary melting of sea ice in the Arctic in 2012 shattered the all-time low sea ice extent record set in September 2007. The new sea ice record was set on August 26, 2012, a full three weeks before the usual end of the melting season, according to the National Snow and Ice Data Center. A comprehensive collection of sea ice graphs shows the full story. Satellite records of sea ice extent date back to 1979, though a 2011 study by Kinnard et al. shows that the Arctic hasn't seen a melt like this for at least 1,450 years (see a more detailed article on this over at skepticalscience.com.) The record minimum extent of 3.41 million square kilometers is approximately a 50% reduction in the area of Arctic covered by sea ice, compared to the average from 1979 - 2000.
These recent low sea ice records have provided new opportunities for the shipping industry, opening both the Northeast and the Northwest Passages in the Arctic Ocean. The Northeast Passage is a shipping route that runs along the northern Russian coast and to the Bering Strait, and is sometimes called the "Northern Sea Route." On the other side of the Arctic Ocean, the Northwest Passage runs along the North American coast through waterways in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. These passages have been elusive since the early 1900s, although climate change has recently freed up both of the typically ice-choked routes. The Northeast Passage opened for the first time in recorded history in 2005, and the Northwest Passage in 2007. For four years in a row, the Northwest Passage was open for ice-free sailing. It now appears that the opening of one or both of these northern passages is the new norm, and business interests are taking note—commercial shipping in the Arctic is on the increase, and there is increasing interest in oil drilling. The great polar explorers of past centuries would be astounded at how the Arctic has changed in the 21st century.
When was the last time the Arctic was this ice-free?We can be confident that the Arctic did not see the kind of melting observed in 2012 going back over a century, as we have detailed ice edge records from ships (Walsh and Chapman, 2001). It is very unlikely the Northwest Passage was open between 1497 and 1900, since this spanned a cold period in the northern latitudes known as "The Little Ice Age". Ships periodically attempted the Passage and were foiled during this period. Research by Kinnard et al. (2011) show that the Arctic ice melt in the past few decades is unprecedented for at least the past 1,450 years. We may have to go back to at least 4,000 B.C. to find the last time so little summer ice was present in the Arctic. Funder and Kjaer (2007) found extensive systems of wave generated beach ridges along the North Greenland coast, which suggested the Arctic Ocean was ice-free in the summer for over 1,000 years between 6,000 - 8,500 years ago, when Earth's orbital variations brought more sunlight to the Arctic in summer than at present. Prior to that, the next likely time was during the last inter-glacial period, 120,000 years ago. Arctic temperatures then were 2 -3 °C higher than present-day temperatures, and sea levels were 4 - 6 meters higher.
A Manmade Problem
Increased water temperatures and air temperatures due to human-caused global warming are the dominant reasons for the record melting of the Arctic sea ice. A July 2012 study by Day et al. found that the most influential of the possible natural influences on sea ice loss was the Atlantic Multi-decadal Oscillation (AMO). The AMO has two phases, negative (cold) and positive (warm), which impact Arctic sea ice. The negative phase tends to create sea surface temperatures in the far north Atlantic that are colder than average. In this study, the AMO only accounted for 5% - 31% of the observed September sea ice decline since 1979. The scientists concluded that given the lack of evidence that natural forces were controlling sea ice fluctuations, the majority of sea ice decline we've seen during the 1953 - 2010 period was due to human causes.
The Forecast
Scientists use numerical models to predict how fast Arctic sea ice is expected to melt in coming decades. Until recently, these climate models have done a poor job predicting the recent record loss of Arctic sea ice. None of the models used in the 2007 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) report have foreseen the recent, remarkable sea ice loss. This is likely because the models have a hard time understanding the transport of heat within the ocean itself, which some argue causes over 50% of Arctic sea ice loss. The NOAA GFDL model paints a similar picture as that of the IPCC models: an ice-free Arctic summer by 2100. However, these forecasts are too conservative, and it's looking more and more like the Arctic will be ice-free in the next few decades.
Does 2012 mark a fundamental change in Arctic ice loss? Possibly. The previous record low extent in 2007 was spurred by not just warming, but also a very unfavorable pattern of storms which aided in breaking up the sea ice, allowing it to melt more and faster. This year, though we did see two strong storms in the Arctic, they weren't like what we saw in 2007. It's arguable that 2012's all-time minimum was due more to the warming Arctic than the minimum we saw in 2007. Mark Serreze, the Director the National Snow and Ice Data Center, said about this year's sea ice minimum, "Apart from one big storm in early August, weather patterns this year were unremarkable. The ice is so thin and weak now, it doesn't matter how the winds blow." It's hard to say exactly when we'll see an ice-free summer Arctic, since there is still some natural variability in the process. A study by Day et al. found that 5 to 31% of the sea ice variability could be due to natural causes. However, sea ice minimum has been declining sharply over the past 30 years, and is far exceeding the worst worst-case scenario predicted by the 2007 IPCC report. Annual minimum sea ice extent is decreasing at a rate of 12% per year. Forecasts of an ice-free Arctic range from 20-30 years from now to much sooner. Just this week Dr. Peter Wadhams of Cambridge University predicted that the Arctic will be ice-free within four years. A recent study by Stroeve et al. using updated IPCC models finds that they are more able to predict the current rate of melting. These updated models suggest that "a seasonally ice-free Arctic Ocean within the next few decades is a distinct possibility."
Impacts of Disappearing Sea Ice
Arctic sea ice is an important component of the global climate system. The polar ice caps help to regulate global temperature by reflecting sunlight back into space. White snow and ice at the poles reflects sunlight, but dark ocean absorbs it. Replacing bright sea ice with dark ocean is a recipe for more and faster global warming. The Autumn air temperature over the Arctic has increased by 4 - 6°F in the past decade, and we could already be seeing the impacts of this warming in the mid-latitudes, by an increase in extreme weather events. Another non-trivial impact of the absence of sea ice is increased melting in Greenland. We already saw an unprecedented melting event in Greenland this year, and as warming continues, the likelihood of these events increase.
The impacts of an ice-free Arctic are far-reaching, and could be a trigger for abrupt, cataclysmic climate change in the future. Although it is difficult to see exactly how sea ice decline will impact the local and global environment, basic understanding of the Arctic as well as recent observations give us a good idea of how things might change.
Sea level rise
Direct effect: The melting of the Arctic sea ice will not change ocean sea levels appreciably, since the ice is already floating in the ocean. Sea ice melting does slightly contribute to sea level rise since the fresh melt water is less dense than the salty ocean water it displaces. According to Dr. Robert Grumbine of NOAA's sea ice group, if all the world's sea ice melted, it would contribute to about 4 millimeters of global sea level rise. This is a tiny figure compared to the 20 feet of potential sea level rise locked up in the ice of the Greenland Ice Sheet, which is on land.
Indirect effect: The biggest concern regarding Arctic sea ice loss is the warmer average temperatures it will bring to the Arctic in coming years. Warmer temperatures will accelerate the melting of the Greenland ice sheet, which holds enough water to raise sea level 20 feet. Although the IPCC's 2007 report predicted only a 0.6-1.9 foot sea level rise by 2100 due to melting of the Greenland ice sheet and other factors, these estimates will probably need to be revised upwards in light of the unexpectedly high sea ice loss in the Arctic.
Weather patterns
Continued loss of Arctic sea ice may dramatically alter global weather and precipitation patterns in the decades to come. The jet stream will probably move further north in response to warmer temperatures over the pole, which will bring more precipitation to the Arctic. More frequent and intense droughts over the U.S. and other regions of the mid-latitudes may result from this shift in the jet stream. Changes to the course of the jet stream affect weather patterns for the entire planet, and we can expect impacts on the strength of the monsoons and recurvature likelihood of hurricanes. During 1979 to 2006, years that had unusually low summertime Arctic sea ice also had a 10-20% reduction in the temperature difference between the Equator and the North Pole. This resulted in reduced winter precipitation over all of the U.S., Alaska, and Northern Europe. In contrast, increased precipitation fell over Spain, Italy, and Japan during these winters. Although intense La Niña or El Niño events can have a much stronger influence on wintertime weather patterns, reduced summertime Arctic sea ice should give most of the Northern Hemisphere a delayed start to winter during most years for the foreseeable future.
Global ocean circulation
Surface global ocean currents are driven by the winds, but the vertical ocean circulation is determined by the temperature and salt content of the water (hence, is called the thermohaline circulation). The engine of the thermohaline circulation is in the North Atlantic, where warm surface waters travel north past Greenland and into the Arctic on the Gulf Stream current. As the warm water reaches cold air, evaporation cools the water, and sea ice formation increases the salinity (salt content) of the surrounding water (ice rejects the salt as it freezes). This new cold, salty water is very dense, and sinks in a process called overturning. This sinking motion in the Arctic is a driving force behind the "global conveyor belt," and the formation and maintenance of sea ice is a the heart of it all. Not only could the slowdown of new sea ice formation lead to the abatement of the thermohaline circulation, but as sea ice melts, it injects massive quantities of freshwater into the Arctic Ocean. The freshening of Arctic sea water due to manmade climate change could lead to exceptional changes in the world's ocean circulation and thus Earth's climate as well.
Sea ice is important in marine ecosystems in at least three ways. First, it provides a habitat for algae and invertebrates and fish, and regulates the temperature of the water below it. Although it seems counterintuitive, the sea ice insulates the water beneath it, keeping it from becoming too cold. Second, as the ice melts in the summer, it releases the organisms into the water, providing fuel for Arctic marine food webs. Finally, it provides breeding and hunting grounds for marine mammals and birds that call the chilly North their home.
The impacts of melting ice extend well beyond polar bears (which are one step away from endangered on the Conservation Scale). Birds, seals, and whales also use the ice for hunting. Birds nest in the sea ice and use it for protection while raising their young in the potentially deadly environment of the Arctic. The retreat of sea ice, especially in the warm winter months, has decreased the available platforms that seals, walruses, and polar bears use to rest on and hunt from. Scientists estimate that retreating sea ice will result in a loss of 2/3 of the polar bear population, and force the remaining bears into a smaller, iceless area.
Coastal erosion
As sea ice disappears, coastlines become more susceptible to battering waves. This is particularly common during the fall season, not only because sea ice extent is usually at its minimum, but fall is when storms tend to be stronger with higher storm surges. Recent coastal destruction has already forced residents of the Alaskan town of Shishmaref to vote to abandon their village. More than half the residents of the nearby village of Kivalina (population 400) were forced to evacuate in September 2007, when 25 - 40 mph winds drove a four foot storm surge into the town. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers completed a $16 million sea wall and shore fortifications in 2009 to protect the town. As sea ice continues to decrease in coming years, leaving more ocean surface exposed to air, more moisture and heat will be available to power storms. These stronger storms will bringer higher winds and higher storm surges to coastal areas in the Arctic over the remainder of the 21st century, resulting in increased erosion and flooding of low-lying areas. Contributing to the erosion will be sea level rise. Kivalina, which lies on a narrow barrier island in the Chukchi Sea, has been losing up to 8 feet of shore each year due to erosion, and the long-term survival of the island is in serious doubt. Plans have been drawn up by the Army Corps of Engineers to relocate the city to the mainland, but finding funding for the $300+ million dollar move has been problematic. The city of Kivalina and a federally recognized tribe, the Alaska Native Village of Kivalina, sued Exxon Mobil Corporation, eight other oil companies, 14 power companies, and one coal company in a lawsuit filed in federal court on February 26, 2008, claiming that the large amounts of greenhouse gases these companies are responsible for contribute to global warming that threatens the community's existence. The lawsuit estimates the cost of relocation at $400 million.
The Cold, Hard Facts
Arctic sea ice has been melting at break-neck speeds in the past few decades, driven by warming air temperature, warming ocean water temperature, and new, extreme weather patterns, all of which are caused by or accelerated by man-made climate change. Unfortunately, melting sea ice is a slippery slope—once it starts, it's hard to reverse, and even under normal climate conditions would take centuries to reestablish. The lack of bright white ice on the dark ocean surface is leading to a temperature increase that likely extends beyond the borders of the Arctic, and a breakdown of the polar vortex, which is so critical in maintaining a cold, ice-conducive atmosphere at the pole. Models suggest sea ice will disappear by 2100, but most Arctic sea ice experts are calling for an summertime ice-free Arctic by 2030.
Related Blogs
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Sea Ice Resources
- The Northwest Passage Opens (Wunderground)
- Polar Bears and Climate Change (Wunderground)
- Greenland's Fate (Wunderground)
- National Snow and Ice Data Center
- The Cryosphere Today at the University of Illinois
- Daily AMSR-E sea ice maps from the University of Bremen
- RealClimate.org


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Congratulations to Ken Larsen of Salt Lake City, winner of The Salt Lake Tribune's cartoon caption contest this week.
Thanks to all who submitted captions. The winners and the runners-up were chosen by the newspaper's political cartoonist, Pat Bagley, who draws the contest cartoons.
We invite you to enter the contest next Sunday when we publish a new Bagley cartoon in search of a caption and instructions on how to send us your entries.
Here are the runners-up
"Uh-Oh... Speed Week!"
Richard Hacken
"Hmmm. Still some fine-tuning on this fracking."
Craig Dunford
Salt Lake City
"I hope it's not Speed Week."
Lisa Brothman
Cottonwood Heights
"And we'll call it EnergySolutions."
Mark Muir
Salt Lake City
"This looks like an easy place to hold the Olympics."
Stephen Hust
Brigham City

subset: commoncrawl


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Bookmark this site
EAST HANOVER, NJ -- Mondelez International Inc. said it is investing more than $130 million in new manufacturing technology and capabilities for its U.S. biscuit network. The outlay will benefit bakeries in Fair Lawn, NJ, and Richmond, VA, supporting the packaged food giant's "priority" cookie and cracker brands and product platforms.
The maker of Oreo and Nabisco cookies said it will consolidate its current U.S. biscuit manufacturing footprint on the East Coast, resulting in the closure of its Philadelphia bakery by early 2015, which will affect approximately 350 employees.
Cindy Waggoner, vice-president of Mondelez's North America integrated supply chain for biscuits, said the investment and consolidation should improve the company's manufacturing network and accelerate growth of the biscuit category.


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Greeneville, Tenn. - The Tornados men's golf team teed up at the Tusculum Fall Classic this past Monday and Tuesday, facing off against several South Atlantic Conference squads. Joshua Davis led the Tornados to a ninth place finish, as he shot a two-day score of 144, even par to end the tournament tied for seventh.
Brevard finished 31 strokes behind tournament champion Tusculum College, shooting a 607 for the event.
Davis opened with a 73 on day one and came back to fire a 71, 1-under on the second day of the tournament to record his seventh place finish.
Parker Lewis had rounds of 75, 76 to finish in a tie for 28th with a two-day score of 151, with Thomas Rennie right behind with a pair of 77's for a 154, putting him at 46th.
Thomas Bush and Mike Jones rounded out the group as Bush finished with a 163, putting him in a tie for 62nd, while Jones improved on his first day 87, rallying back to record a 78 on the second day for a 165 for the tournament.
Brevard is back on the links on Thursday, October 1, at the Connestee Country Club in Brevard, N.C. for a two-team match against Montreat College.
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News: Watch live—Dr. Mark Chaves, "Continuity and Change in American Religion" and "Why Megachurches?"
Thursday, November 15 (William J. Seymour Chapel at AGTS)
Friday, November 16 (William J. Seymour Chapel at AGTS)
Watch live!
The two lectures on November 15 will be streamed live online. Video recordings will be posted for two weeks after the event. To view these lectures live, users should submit the form below before November 15 to receive a secure link to the live stream and recording. Users who wish only to view the recorded lectures after the event may use the same form. The password-protected lecture recordings will be available online through November 29, 2012.
Dr. Chaves specializes in the sociology of religion. Most of his research is on the social organization of religion in the United States. Among other projects, he directs the National Congregations Study (NCS), a wide-ranging survey, conducted in 1998 and again in 2006-07, of a nationally representative sample of religious congregations. NCS results have helped us to better understand many aspects of congregational life in the United States. Along with the book highlighted above, Professor Chaves is the author of Congregations in America (Harvard, 2004), Ordaining Women: Culture and Conflict in Religious Organizations (Harvard 1997) and many articles.
For more information, contact Randy Walls at email@example.com or 417-268-1046.
Thursday, November 15, 2012 10:42 AM


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A COUNCIL is set to lobby the government over youth unemployment and bring in support measures for young people.
Hyndburn Council could implement five key changes to prevent a 'lost generation' in the borough.
Council leader Miles Parksinon has drafted proposals which will see the council support apprenticeship schemes and work experience placements.
The council would also lobby central government to provide guaranteed employment or training for those unemployed for more than six months and a welfare reform.
The borough said young people should be able to return to full-time education without loss of benefits.
Coun Parkinson said: "We cannot just sit idly by when there are practical support measures which could be put in place.
"There are some things we can put in place as a council and there are other matters in which we are lobbying the government. As a council we can encourage apprenticeships and placements in our own departments.
"We would also support training providers such as North Lancs Training Group and Accrington and Rossendale College.
"What we don't want to see is a lost generation, which is what happened in the 1980s when the manufacting industry fell.
"It's vital we act now to prevent future problems."
Five measures, which will go before full council later this month, include public bodies being encouraged to commit to recruiting apprentices and work experience placements. The government is also to be lobbied to assist with transport costs for young people travellling to work.


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ATLANTA -- The Coca-Cola Co. said it is streamlining its global operations and named the senior leaders who will play key roles in the new structure. Beginning next year, the beverage giant's business will be built around three units: Coca-Cola Americas, Coca-Cola International and Bottling Investments Group.
Steve Cahillane, 47, will head the Coca-Cola Americas unit, which will include Latin America. He has led Coca-Cola Refreshments in North America since 2010.
The new Coca-Cola International division will be led by Ahmet Bozer, 52. He currently oversees business in Europe, Africa and the Middle East. He joined Coke in 1990.
Irial Finan, 55, will continue as president of the bottling unit, Bottling Investments Group, which will oversee the company's bottling operations outside North America. He joined the company in 2004.
All three executives will report to Coca-Cola chairman and chief executive Muhtar Kent.
The new structure takes effect Jan. 1 and divides the global operations evenly. About half of Coca-Cola's sales volume comes from the Americas and the remainder is generated overseas.


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Feminism | Posted by Brenna McCaffrey on 10/24/2011
Five Reasons To Keep An Eye On Senator Gillibrand
Senator Kirsten Gillibrand was appointed to the US Senate by Governor David Paterson in 2009 to fill the vacancy left by Hillary Clinton when she was selected by President Obama to serve as Secretary of State. Previously, Gillibrand spent two terms representing New York's 20th Congressional District in the House of Representatives. Many were surprised by Paterson's appointment of a relatively unknown Democrat from the mostly rural district that represents the Catskill, Adirondack, and Hudson Valley areas of upstate New York. New Yorkers outside of her district may not have been familiar with Senator Gillibrand before her Senate appointment, but for the past two years she has been turning the heads of those who might be looking for an alternative to Hillary for next woman President.
Senator Gillibrand …


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Hudson on board as CoEE chair in tourism
South Carolina's biggest industry received a major boost today when one of the world's top tourism experts officially arrived at the University of South Carolina, recruited through the state's Centers of Economic Excellence (CoEE) Program.
Dr. Simon Hudson has been recruited to help South Carolina capture a greater share of the tourism market. He has been appointed as the CoEE Endowed Chair in Hotel, Restaurant and Tourism Management. He will lead the Center of Economic Excellence in Tourism and Economic Development, which is housed in USC's College of Hospitality, Retail, and Sport Management and affiliated with Coastal Carolina University.
The Tourism and Economic Development Center, one of 46 university-based research centers created by the CoEE Program, will focus on tourism as a driver of economic development in South Carolina. The work of this Center, Hudson believes, will help improve the state's economy and create jobs.
"One of the goals of the Center is to become a one-stop resource of relevant information and intelligence to all tourism industry stakeholders by providing cost-effective research," he says.
"Tourism is now the number one industry in South Carolina, responsible for more than $17 billion dollars in spending and employing more than 200,000 people—approximately 10 percent of South Carolina's workforce. However, to me, the tourism industry in South Carolina is not fulfilling its potential," Hudson continues. "South Carolina has an amazing tourism product—incredible beaches, over 300 golf courses, beautiful lakes, rich cultural tourism, and of course terrific hospitality. By leading cutting-edge tourism and hospitality research that is relevant and directly applicable to the tourism industry in South Carolina, we can ultimately improve the state's competitiveness as a tourism destination, thus securing sustainable employment in the tourism sector."
Hudson comes to South Carolina from the University of Calgary in Canada. He has held academic positions at two universities in England, and has worked as a visiting professor in the U.S., Austria, Switzerland, Spain, Fiji, New Zealand and Australia. Prior to working in academia, Dr. Hudson spent several years working in the tourism industry in Europe.


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GSA Schedules Swell Revenues for Service-Disabled Veteran Businesses
April 20, 2006
Contact: Viki Reath (202) 501-1231
Washington, DC – Service-Disabled Veteran-Owned Small Business (SDVOSB) revenues from U.S. General Services Administration (GSA) Schedules rose 500 percent in fiscal year 2005, GSA announced today.
SDVOSB revenues from GSA Schedules generated $600 million in 2005, up from $120 million in 2004. GSA Schedules list vendors eligible to sell a broad range of goods and services to federal agencies, from information technology to professional services, from fire-fighting to military supplies and more.
"This is a great start for Operation Breakout, GSA's initiative supporting President Bush's Executive Order to increase government business with SDVOSBs," said GSA Acting Administrator David L. Bibb. "The initiative provided GSA associates with guidance on recruiting SDVOSBs for GSA Schedules. The hard work of GSA associates did the rest."
The GSA initiative got under way in 2004; the same year President Bush signed Executive Order 13360 – Providing Opportunities for Service Disabled Veteran Businesses to Increase their Federal Contracting and Subcontracting. The Executive Order bolstered 1999 and 2003 Congressional directives, directing agencies to set aside three percent of their contract dollars for SDVOSBs.
The Executive Order and Congressional directives not only set goals for doing business with SDVOBs, but also allow agencies to set aside contracts for SDVOSBs and award sole-source contracts to SDVOSBs. GSA's initiative makes it easier for agencies to find SDVOSBs eligible to provide the services and supplies agencies need.
GSA is a centralized, federal procurement, property management, policy development and information provision agency, created by Congress to improve government efficiency and help federal agencies better serve the public. In this role, GSA acquires products and services on behalf of federal agencies; plays a key role in developing and implementing governmentwide policies; provides services and solutions for the office operations of more than one million federal workers; and encourages a citizen-centric relationship with government by providing a single "point of entry" to the information and services citizens needed in a timeframe they can appreciate. This allows citizens to receive accurate, timely and consistent answers and information, and helps federal agencies better respond to citizen inquiries.


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Stress - this is a rumor.
However, the rumor says that next week Richard Muller will release the latest Berkeley Earth Surface Temperature analysis of surface temperature data going back as far as the 18th century.
Muller, once skeptical of the temperature records that showed considerable global warming in recent decades, set up BEST to reanalyze that data.
In 2011, BEST's preliminary analysis of land temperature data found:
....a warming trend that is shown in the figure [below]. It is very similar to that reported by the prior groups: a rise of about 0.7 degrees C since 1957.
...The rumors say that new BEST reanalysis will show that global average temperature has increased by 1.5 degrees Celsius since pre-industrial times and will suggest that most of the warming since the 1950s is the result of increased greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere.


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Parks College Pumpkin Launch
November 4, 2011 at 1:00 PM - 3:00 PM
Tegeler Field, SLU Midtown Campus
Aerospace & Mechanical Engineering, Air Force ROTC, Aviation Science, Biomedical Engineering, Civil Engineering, Electrical & Computer Engineering, Physics
Competition tests students' engineering skills
Event Details: 1:00 p.m. - 3:00 p.m., November 06, Tegeler Field
The Association of Parks College Students will host the annual "Pumpkin Launch" from 1-3 p.m. Sunday, Nov. 6, at Tegeler Field on the SLU campus.
Several student teams from SLU's Parks College of Engineering, Aviation and Technology will compete to see who launch basketball-sized pumpkins the closest to a 12-inch round target nearly 75 feet away using a mechanical catapult built from scratch. The team that gets closest wins.
The contest may sound like all fun and games, but it's serious stuff. Parks College prides its self on hands-on learning and education outside the classroom. The "Pumpkin Launch" is an example of engineering students putting their knowledge into practice.
The competition isn't a free-for-all either. Like any other good sport, the "Pumpkin Launch" features rules, judges and scorekeepers.
There are also restrictions. Among them, contestants must use a something other than their hands to trigger the launch. They also cannot use pressurized devices or chemicals. And for safety reasons, sharp objects are out too.
The teams get three chances to hit the mark. The competition is expected to last 45 minutes.
The event also will include great food for sale with half the proceeds going to charity. Canned goods also will be collected at the event.
For more information, contact Jessica Rozycki at firstname.lastname@example.com


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May 2, 2007
Dear FOS11 Member,
Families of September 11 (FOS11), in partnership with Transportation Security Administration (TSA) and The Camilla Group (TCG) is excited to launch its new volunteer program this month with kickoff events in DC, VA and FL. We have opportunities for speaking events in the following cities (the dates are all tentative, so if you are in a city, but the date is not convenient, please let us know as it is possible for the dates to be changed):- Washington , DC – May 3rd - Miami , FL – May 9th- Orlando , FL – Sometime in May- New York , NY – June 16th- Los Angeles , CA – July- Denver , CO – August- Indianapolis , IN - August- Houston , TX – September- Dallas , TX – September- Tampa , FL – September 27th- Columbia , OH – November 19th- Milwaukee , WI – TBD- Chicago , IL - TBD
The program allows volunteers to speak to Transportation Security Officers (TSO's) at their local airport alongside FOS11 Board Member, Carie Lemack. This is your opportunity to get involved in a campaign to raise awareness about the importance of thorough and consistent security checks. You will have the unique opportunity to visit with screeners, express solidarity, empower yourself and share your story.
This program will engage volunteers nationwide and will allow you to:
Don Goodrich, FOS11 Board member, provides the following account of his experience speaking to TSO's in Vermont .
It is all too easy to reflect on what might have been – to imagine every possible thing that might have saved the lives lost on September 11, 2001. It is harder to confront the enormous challenges faced by Transportation Security Officers as they work 24 hours a day 7 days a week to prevent more lost lives. Last May Carie Lemack and I participated in a presentation/exchange with the officers at the Burlington (VT) International Airport . It was an empowering experience to learn what is really happening as passengers prepare to board their plans, get a better understanding of the frustrations of the officers screening them and join with them to help improve safety at our airports. It is out of this type dialogue that the resolve of the officers, the policies of their managers and the safety of our airports will improve and I am glad I had a part in it.--Don Goodrich, Father of Peter Goodrich, who died on United Airlines Flight 175
If you decide to volunteer, you will work closely with the FOS11 staff. They will assist your preparation for the event and offer talking points and training to help you tell your story. Please let us know if you are interested in becoming a volunteer by emailing firstname.lastname@example.com.
Thank you for considering this opportunity – we hope you will volunteer a few hours of your time to make a big difference in the security of an airport near you.


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You can do this in nearly any version of Linux. However, your question is not specific. Define sharing? Heck, a cheap router allows you to share one internet connection, and routers like the WRT54GL just happen to run linux.
So, why use backtrack for this? If you need to share the internet, why not use a router? Or, does your ISP mandate an internal card?


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Voice of Saturday Night Live Dead at 96
(NEWSER) – One of television's most enduring presences has passed away at the age of 96.
Announcer Don Pardo, known for introducing Saturday Night Live for decades, died at his home in Arizona yesterday, the AP reports; the cause hasn't been revealed, though the Los Angeles Times notes that he broke a hip last year.
Pardo began working in radio in the 1940s. Hired by NBC in 1944, he remained with the network for the rest of his career. He worked as an announcer for game shows like the original Jeopardy! as well as comedies, including Your Show of Shows.
Read the original story at Newser
Photo Credit: Getty


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Adoption Fees:
All of the County Animal Control Center's Dogs and Cats fees will include:
•Spay or Neuter
•Distemper/Rabies shots
•Bordatella (Dogs)
•HWT (Dogs)
•Felv/FIV Test (Cats)
The Various Adoption fees are listed below.
Dogs : $125.00 includes:
Spay / Neuter
HeartWorms Test
Cats: $90.00 includes:
FelineLeukemia Test
Other Animals: $15.00
Thank You!
Your message has been sent to Saginaw County Animal Care Center.
You'll receive a copy, too, at to help you keep track of which pets you've inquired about, and which shelters and rescues you've emailed.
NOTE: Some shelters have physical locations you can visit; some of these shelters may only have pets for a limited time, so please do not wait for a reply—just go visit the shelter! Other organizations are rescue groups run by busy volunteers who may take a while to reply. You can find information about the shelter or rescue group caring for this pet, and their adoption procedures, on the pet's details page on Adopt-a-Pet.com.


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Callie Milner wants everyone to be able to enjoy dessert together, which is why she started Callie's Nut-Free Treats, a home-based bakery business that has been churning out nut-free baked goods and delighting customers in the Chicago area. At just nine years old, Callie and her mother Dara are donating all proceeds from their sales to FARE so they can help raise funds for food allergy research, education, advocacy and awareness. We asked Callie to tell us more about her successful fundraiser:
What are your food allergies? What's it like having food allergies?
I am allergic to peanuts. When I go to a restaurant and I am ordering food, I have to be really careful that the server understands that my food cannot touch anything with peanuts. Cross-contact is the biggest thing about having food allergies. Having a food allergy makes you have to think in every situation about what you are eating and what others are eating around you. It is usually ok, but sometimes people don't listen or understand and that is when it gets tiring. It is also tiring when there are really good treats around you that you can't eat, and that is why I made Callie's Nut-Free Treats!
Tell us about how you have been fundraising for FARE.
I have been making Callies' Nut-Free Treats to raise money for FARE. I dance at All About Dance in Chicago and Ms. Jessica and Ms. Shannon (the owners) have let me have bake sales there for 3 years. All of my treats are peanut, tree-nut and shellfish free and many are gluten-free and egg-free. I also have a website that people can order off of as part of the bake sale. I have raised over $9,000 so far and I don't plan to stop!
Why did you want to do it? Why was it was important to you?
Callie's Nut-Free Treats was really important to me because when I would see a good treat, I would really want to eat it, but I couldn't because of my food allergy. So that's why I made Callie's Nut-Free Treats. I know how it feels for kids with food allergies and I want to make treats that a lot of people with food allergies and also without food allergies can eat. Now I don't feel bad when I see great treats. I also wanted to teach people about food allergies and why they have to be really careful.
Which of your baked goods is your favorite? Which is the most popular seller?
My favorites are chocolate-covered chocolate sandwich cookies, chocolate sandwich cookie and potato chip milk chocolate bark, chocolate covered graham crackers with sprinkles and marshmallows. Our best sellers are the chocolate-covered chocolate sandwich cookies and solid chocolate pops.
How can you be a good friend to someone with food allergies?
You can be a good friend by not eating something they are allergic to when you are near them. You can also help protect someone with food allergies by telling your mom, dad or nanny to not serve foods they are allergic to and not allow foods to touch what you are allergic to when they come to your house. Like if a knife was used on peanut butter and then put in the jelly jar, I can't eat that jelly.
What advice would you give a kid or a friend who was just diagnosed with food allergies?
Some tips I would give a friend that was just diagnosed with food allergies would be:
- Be very very very very very very careful when you go to a restaurant. You have to say my food can't be touched to what I am allergic to. You can ask the server to ask the chef what is safe for you to eat. Make sure they understand cross-contact.
- If someone is eating something you are allergic to, you have to speak up for yourself and say can you please not eat that and go wash your hands.
- There are still a lot of great things you can eat. You can eat out and you can make lots of good things at home. I have traveled lots of places and I get to eat many yummy things.
- I have made lots of great friends and done special things because of my food allergies so don't worry.
Thank you, Callie, for supporting FARE and providing safe treats for individuals with food allergies in the Chicago area. Callie's treats are available for pick up to those in the Chicago area and can be ordered online at calliesnutfreetreats.com.
Please note: This is not a sponsored post. FARE does not review, test, sponsor, endorse or recommend any products or services that may appear on our blog.


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This event has already taken place. Click here for the latest events.01-04-2013 12:00:00 18-08-2013 12:00:00 America/New_York Pinocchio | Saturdays and Sundays, 12:30 and 2:30pm until August 18. Puppetworks performs its adaptation of Collodi's legendary tale, Pinocchio, with an original score and laughs galore. http://www.nymetroparents.com/2015neweventinfo.cfm?id=134860 Puppetworks Puppetworks
If you go: Please tell them you saw this event on
Venue Description: Founded in 1980 by a group of theater artists led by Nicolas Coppola, Puppetworks is a nonprofit puppet theater in Brooklyn that is committed to preserving and presenting classic puppet theater. Using hand-carved wooden marionettes, Puppetworks aims to remain as faithful as possible to the original material they enact, usually children's folktales and fairytales from the U.S. and abroad.
Puppetworks has performed with the Little Orchestra Society, St. Luke's Chamber Ensemble, the Orchestra da Camera, and the Brooklyn Philharmonic. The puppeteers finish every show with a behind-the-scenes demonstration, presenting the marionettes to the audience for closer inspection. The green main room, with a collection of the theater's puppets hanging from the walls, accommodates up to 75 people on weekends.
Puppetworks also visits schools to present various workshops, including puppetry?s history, classic trick marionettes, and creating your own project. Puppetworks offers space for private birthday parties for up to 50 people (both adults and children). This includes the current show and clean up.
Upcoming Events at Puppetworks:


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Results 1 to 7 of 7
- Join Date
- Jul 2012
- Posts
- 4
what does it take to become a staff shooter
I have been looking for any info on how to become a product tester or staff shooter . i have been an avid sportsman for years . i am looking for ways to increase my ability and would like to be able to share my skills and abilitys with others as well as learn from other people too. feel free to let me know any information about how to get started in this. thanks a lot
IMHO----Most staff shooters are guys that manufacturers sucker in with a .5 percent off sale throw in a hat with the agreement that they pester all there buddies and strangers on the internet on how this product changed the there life and the world in general to sucker more people into buying there POS product.
So if you want to be a staff shooter just go on AT with a pocket full of money, throw some at Bernie and a couple different string makers and vola your a staff shooter and can have a impressive signature line too.
Any questions?
Seriously dude if your good and your winning people will be looking to sponsor you besides that your just buying a title. Like I said IMHO
and to 3d shoots, stick around and post up!!
- Join Date
- Aug 2005
- Posts
- 226
I have found over the years that a lot of the mfg's have a very narrow idea of what makes a good staff member of there team. Seems they would like you to be in the top 5% of all shooters in the good old USA. Were I think they fall short is how you as a member of there mfg team would be able to highlight there products. I have been a staff shooter to a few mfg's and I was a good shooter but never in that top 5%, but what I did bring to the highlight of me being a person that had his own archery shop, shot must weekends 3D's or NFAA, was on several of archery task forces (Bill Wadsworth NFAA ) in the early 70's to develop the education that was used for archery in several of the states.I also strived erach year to get young and older people in our sport of archery. I also continued to be a member of several archery clubs both in NY and SC. I due think the bow mfg's in general are passing by the number of seniors that are still shooting. We want a product set that is not what they seem to be selling super fast bows that are not user friendly. I am sure if PSE or other Major mfg's developed a senior product that would be easy draw, large brace height and over 34 inch in length that would fit the older archers it would be a winer. But again what do I know. I am a 70 years young and still shooting every day, and going to the 3D shoots on the weekend.Bill Olmesdahl
Gibertville rod and gun club NY
Sand Dune archers of Myrtle Beach SC
Senior archers of Oneonta NY
- Join Date
- Feb 2010
- Location
- Mt. gilead, NC
- Posts
- 29
I became a staff shooter for a proshop this year. The shop owner asked me if I wanted to be one. I told him I would love to, but I couldn't promise him I could go to any regional (ASA) tournaments this year. He told me that my interest and continuation of the sport is what made him consider me. I jumped in to open class this year, and I'm 58 yrs. old. So, It really depends on the person. Of course, there were a few perks, but I just love the sport of archery. And I promote his shop, BTW, by telling people that I here talking about bowhunting and all, that they might need to go to his shop to check it out! The shop owner shoots Senior pro in the ASA and has been into archery for 50 years. He started when he was 8 yrs. old. I will say that I actually won my class (open C) at one of our 3d shoots. Really surprised me. I knew that there was a few that could slam me, but I guess I just had my " A" game that day. Made me fell like I was on top of the world. I also got a trophy for being the 2nd best shooter of the year, also. That just made my year. If people can keep the %^^$$@ politics out of this sport and follow the rules that are in place, this sport will really take off. Just sayin'
TommyI like my trophies on my wall and in my belly
what does it take to become a staff shooter
Normally in my experiance "A Huge Bloody Nob On Your HEAD!!!!!" well thats my 2 cents worth!!!!!I've learned that pleasing everyone is impossible, but pissing everyone off is a piece of cake.
- Join Date
- Jul 2012
- Posts
- 4
Hey thank you Guys,
I was just curious. i suppose that due to me being in middle Ga . there is not a lot of manufacturers here. i certainly appreciate all of your feed back. i guess i will just continue to hunt and kill and reap the rewards of being able to live . and enjoy my venison, wild turkey "the eatin kind not the drinking kind" squirell and rabbit and all of the great woodland creatures that are available for me to shoot.
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New Hoyt Staff Shooter on board!By Huntelk in forum General Archery ForumReplies: 2Last Post: 11-25-2009, 12:15 PM
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Bookmark this site
BOISE, ID -- Kevin Wright has joined Naturals2Go as operations specialist. The company offers vending machines and better-for-you snacks to entrepreneurs seeking to enter the growing "healthy" vending business.
Wright brings retail experience to his new post. He served as a Walmart manager for seven years, and then worked with Best Buy for another seven years. Seeing the opportunity in "healthy" food and beverages, he started a vending machine enterprise for which he created planograms and selection lists, as well as systems for tracking inventory and costs.
"We approached Kevin about developing a training platform that would instruct all customers on his systems," said Naturals2Go operations director Amy Anderson.
As operations specialist, Wright will meet with customers for one-on-one training sessions on identifying and securing profitable locations.


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Jul 16, 2010 Line 6 Tips & Tricks
What sound does one dog barking make if no one is around to hear it? I know the answer now, friends, and it is all thanks to BackTrack + Mic. It's always interesting to hear about uses that people have for Line 6 gear that we never anticipated, so I thought today I would share […]
Tags: backtrack, Backtrack w/mic, bark, barking, dogs, line 6


text: Real Reality From Our House: Dirty money cuts through the smell By Tracy Herz December 15, 2012 Story Share CHARLESTON, W.Va. -- It's Saturday morning in the Christmas shopping season, and I'm still in bed at 9 a.m. Nothing serious, just NIGHT SWEATS have me up pacing the floors and turning the heat down to 60 degrees.It's also an inability to get up and face the dishes.But since I have an ESPRESSO MAKER at my bedside for those 5:30 a.m. school mornings, I'll be up in a few minutes.("Don't run the trucks in the hall. Don't touch the banister. Don't touch the remote.")So I throw on my zebra bathrobe and my Tod's ballet slippers and head to Tudor's Biscuit World.Tod's ballet slippers are not designed for a woman who wears size-10 shoes, whose feet have spread due to consecutive pregnancies and old age. But if I see anyone I know, I will just say, "Good morning! Look at my Tod's ballet slippers!" And hope they don't notice my nightgown and bathrobe.But this is Milton, so the chances of seeing anyone I really know are fairly remote.I am not worried about being stopped by the fuzz in my nightgown. The cops see me getting the papers in my nightgown every day and hauling out the trash, so they couldn't care less -- not a biggie. But the minute I get into the car, I smell something.No, it's not JUST dirty tennis clothes and old diapers and petrified Happy Meals with burger patties you can throw like a discus. It's something else.It's money.My husband likes to have a certain amount of cash squirreled away for himself alone, which he hides and "accidentally forgets" to mention to me or deposit in the bank. But I am an excellent detective, and my nose is without equal. I can even smell checks in the mail -- before they arrive. He's tried hiding cash in the house, but I sniff it out -- "Hand it over, honey."So now he's thinking that since I have to hold my nose every time I get in one of our cars I won't be thinking he's come up with a new hiding place.I am ordering biscuits for breakfast and pancakes for lunch because the dishes won't be done until dinner because we had guests last evening. I am sitting in the Tudor's line, smelling the money, wondering if the Tudor's people are going to notice the nightgown, but the car is so dirty, I don't know where to start looking. Is it in the ashtray, behind the pennies? Is it under all the turnpike receipts? Is it under the caked-in juice spills and sippy cups in the drink holders? Under the seats? Is it in the vehicle registration envelope? No, no, no, no and no.But it's in there, I know it, and I am going to find it.Suddenly, I look down in the compartment on the door where CDs and dirty Kleenex and dirty paper towels are kept and see a folded bank envelope. It's not bulging, but it's not empty either. This tells me immediately that there are $100 bills in the envelope.I seize it and count it. Excellent.Finders keepers, losers weepers!Everyone at the bank knows me, so I always drive up to the business window where I can chat with the Chase Bank girls, who seem to know everything that happens in our house. ("Is it true, Mrs. Herz, that you collapsed in the yard this summer over your husband's cats?") So I chat with the girls unless I am on the phone giving orders to someone, in which case I do not have time to talk.I tell them what happened, and they think it's fabulous too! They all gathered around and said, "Well, we're just going to put this money where it belongs, now aren't we?"Reach Tracy Herz at email@example.com. Story Share Story Share Trending Now 1 Trump addresses Boy Scouts at National Jamboree in WV 2 WV's first known victim of snake fungal disease found 3 Charleston's Long among WVU staff changes 4 Clay Center announces fall season 5 Arrest adds to list of gun, drug accusations against Montgomery man Arts Notes: Dec. 16, 2012 Previous Story Jean Richardson: Love singing Christmas carols -- but something's missing Next Story


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Ok so i got the NVIDIA driver and put it under /desktop and i use the command sudo sh (Nvidia driver dir) and press enter and it says x server is running. i did some googleing and saw u should stop it by pressing ctrl+alt+backspace. This led me to the real problem. when i press that my screen goes blank and loses signal. So i am looking for 2 posible fixes. wather my ctrl+alt+backspace problem or atleast a way to stop x-server in terminal or any other way.
More info about my sysstem. Its a core2-quad with 4 gb ddr800 RAM and a 8800GT. I am running Backtrack 4 r2 wich is installed to a 120GB HDD. I have 3TB space and am also running Ubuntu,win7-64, and mac snowleapord on a difrent HDD. I am new to Linux and VERY new to backtrack. Any help is greatly appriciated.
OMS im such a noob lol i finly relised what X is.I never noticed i started it with startX. I loged out and ran the Driver i downloaded from the desktop and bang all good :P thanx anyway. That link made me relise what X is. well we all gota start somewhere hey.


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Discover a selection of top forums fantage fansite on the internet. Come to share your passion on forums fantage fansite and meet other fans of fantage fansite. Then, why don't you create your own forum of fantage fansite ?
An independent Susan Boyle fansite for those who want to have some fun in a relaxed forum environment!
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Lee Hyori Vietnamese Fansite


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Will the show be hosted any where, available to download? I will rarely if ever catch the live stream and relied on the sky replay
Sky Sports suck big balls. You can understand why they would drop a certain London-based show but cant see the reason behind the blanket ban.
MMA Officials London, Essex and East Anglia representative


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New Book HighlightsTuesday, November 9th, 2010
Fury : a memoir by Koren Zailckas.
In the years following the publication of her landmark memoir, Smashed: Story of a Drunken Girlhood, Koren Zailckas stays sober and relegates binge drinking to her past. But a psychological legacy of repression lingers-her sobriety is a loose surface layer atop a hard- packed, unacknowledged rage that wreaks havoc on Koren emotionally and professionally. When a failed relationship leads Koren back to her childhood home, she sinks into emotional crisis-writer's block, depression, anxiety. Only when she begins to apply her research on a book about anger to the turmoil of her own life does she learn what denial has cost her. –Publisher's description
Read an interview with Koren Zailckas in Smith Magazine.
Stickwork by Patrick Dougherty
Using minimal tools and a simple technique of bending, interweaving, and fastening together sticks, artist Patrick Dougherty creates works of art inseparable with nature and the landscape. With a dazzling variety of forms seamlessly intertwined with their context, his sculptures evoke fantastical images of nests, cocoons, cones, castles, and beehives. Over the last twenty-five years, Dougherty has built more than two hundred works throughout the United States, Europe, and Asia that range from stand-alone structures to a kind of modern primitive architecture every piece mesmerizing in its ability to fly through trees, overtake buildings, and virtually defy gravity. –Publisher's description
See installations by Patricky Dougherty.
Delusions of gender : how our minds, society, and neurosexism create difference by Cordelia Fine
Drawing on the latest research in neuroscience and psychology, Cordelia Fine debunks the myth of hardwired differences between men's and women's brains, unraveling the evidence behind such claims as men's brains aren't wired for empathy and women's brains aren't made to fix cars. She then goes one step further, offering a very different explanation of the dissimilarities between men's and women's behavior. Instead of a "male brain" and a "female brain," Fine gives us a glimpse of plastic, mutable minds that are continuously influenced by cultural assumptions about gender. –Publisher's description
Friendship : a history edited by Barbara Caine
This volume aims to combine an analysis of the major classical philosophical texts of friendship and their continuing importance over many centuries with a broader discussion of the changing ways in which friendship was understood and experienced in Europe from the Hellenic period to the present. It is the result of a collaborative research project that has involved philosophers and historians with special research interests in Classical Greek philosophy and in the history of medieval and renaissance, 18th century 19th and 20th century Europe. –Publisher's description


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Ihathvé Sabethired is the creation of Jason Liekhus. It developed from an older alphabet called Ihadva, which Jason based on of Arabic and Tengwar. The script is used to write a language called Sabethir, meaning "Eastern Language", which Jason invented for use in a fictional world.
Erthéhyathra eratidhiahythuelyared arethoved aregoled. Aceidhia eratisevuin maĥdya i sirvya, orvydhia erthéhydavenin saradén.
All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They
are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another
in a spirit of brotherhood.
(Article 1 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights)
Longer sample text (Tower of Babel)
If you have any questions about Ihathvé Sabethired, you can contact Jason Liekhus at: email@example.com
Braellaf, Ihathvé Sabethired, Old Zubaric
Other writing systems invented by visitors to this site


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Mine blast investigation in works
Coal Tattoo blog : CHARLESTON, W.Va. -- Federal and state regulators on Monday began planning what they expect will be a long and complex investigation of last week's explosion that killed 29 workers at Massey Energy's Upper Big Branch Mine in Raleigh County.Some important details were still being worked out, such as what parts of the investigation would be conducted through some sort of public hearing format, and how two state bodies, one federal agency and the U.S. Congress would coordinate their probes.Gov. Joe Manchin said Monday he has staff and attorneys working on proposed legislation concerning mine ventilation, the control of explosive methane and coal dust underground, and regulation of electrical equipment."Some of these laws haven't changed since the 1920s," Manchin said in an interview with the Gazette. "Mining has changed a lot since the 1920s."Monday marked a week since the massive explosion rocked the Upper Big Branch Mine in what turned into the largest U.S. coal-mining disaster in 40 years.Manchin commemorated the disaster with a wreath-laying ceremony at the state Capitol on Monday and urged residents to observe a moment of silence for the fallen miners."You can't stop tragedies. That's why they're called tragedies," said Philip Cash, a relative of fallen miner Michael Elswick. "And not to put the blame on anybody, but there are policies and procedures in place to keep this from happening."Meanwhile Monday, U.S. Mine Safety and Health Administration investigators huddled at the agency's training facility outside Beckley, and crews hoped to remove the final nine bodies from deep inside the mine by the end of the evening. The state Office of Miners' Health Safety and Training was planning an investigation, and the separate Board of Coal Mine Safety and Health scheduled a meeting Tuesday to consider its role in looking into the disaster.Also, Manchin has said he planned to bring in longtime mine safety advocate Davitt McAteer to either consult with him or to conduct some sort of independent study that would likely include public hearings later this year.President Barack Obama has ordered Labor Secretary Hilda Solis and MSHA chief Joe Main to give him a preliminary report this week on the cause of the disaster."Let me be clear: We will thoroughly examine anything and everything that could have any bearing on what happened," Solis said in an e-mail response to Gazette questions. "We will do our best to keep the public informed of the investigation's progress, which will last as long as it takes to get all the facts."Speaking at Monday's ceremony at the miner statue on the state Capitol grounds, Solis said, "I will do everything in my power to make sure that we prevent these kinds of tragedies." Mine safety experts have said the explosion probably involved a spark igniting a buildup of methane gas, but was almost certainly made far worse by coal dust accumulations. The experts cited the horrendous damage described by rescuers who had been underground, and the mine's history of methane and dust control violations.Last year, MSHA officials overseeing the Upper Big Branch Mine had started two "special investigations," a type of review that often leads to the opening of a criminal investigation. No details of those investigations, or their outcome, have been made public.But on Monday, U.S. Attorney Chuck Miller release a prepared statement saying that his office "is ready, willing and able to receive any information and/or investigative reports regarding the explosion.""If the investigation undertaken by the Mine Safety and Health Administration reveals that criminal violations have occurred, we will work vigorously with investigators to pursue those offenses to the fullest extent of the law," Miller said.At a meeting this afternoon, the state's mine safety board will discuss getting involved and perhaps conducting its own investigation. The board, made up of gubernatorial appointees from the industry and the United Mine Workers, has authority for such investigations, but has seldom ever conducted them. And in recent months, the board has been bickering behind the scenes with the state's mine safety office over which agency has authority to write West Virginia's mine safety rules.Also, congressional leaders have said that they would hold their own hearings to examine the cause of the disaster."I know all of us in West Virginia are anxiously awaiting more information about what happened and why -- so we can begin finding the necessary solutions," said Sen. Jay Rockefeller, D-W.Va. "We owe it to the memories of the miners and their families to do all we can to make sure something like this never happens again."In an interview after the wreath-laying ceremony, Manchin said he wasn't concerned that the federal government would get involved in changing mine safety laws and overreact -- a fear expressed by some industry officials."I'm not worried about what they do," Manchin said. "I know we can move quickly."Manchin said that after the Sago Mine disaster, it was assumed that everything was in place to save miners should an accident occur. But an explosion of this magnitude makes it impossible for the miners to get to emergency breathing devices or take refuge in an underground shelter."We've got to prevent it," he said. "The only way to save the miners is to prevent the explosions from happening."Still, Manchin has been at odds with the Obama administration over regulation of mountaintop removal and of greenhouse gas emissions from coal, and had told industry officials he favors working with companies over taking tough enforcement action.For example, Manchin described this philosophy during a speech two years ago to the West Virginia Coal Association's annual meeting. The governor said inspectors should tell mine operations, "Hey John, you've got a problem here, now before I write you up with a violation, here's what I think you ought to do to fix it."Let's get together, get our people together," the governor said at the time. "I'll come back in a week or a month or whatever the rotation time would be. Then if you've made those changes, tried to make the changes, we're working in the right direction. Rather than going out with a ball bat and a cease and desist order and fines, I'd rather you spend the money to fix what's wrong, try to make it safer, than give the money to government. I guarantee you we won't fix it."@tag:Reach Ken Ward Jr. at email@example.com or 304-348-1702.


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WATCH: Demi Lovato talks overcoming addiction
Listen to Demi Lovato on iHeartRadio
Ahead of her Neon Lights tour stop in Sunrise, FL at the BB&T Center, Demi Lovato sat down with WiLD 95.5's Brody where she opened up about addiction and overcoming her own addictions from the past.
Demi also talks about the charities she's involved in, including one inspired by her father, and about being a part of the Oscar-nominated film Frozen!
Check it out below:


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A cranial computed tomography (CT) scan uses many x-rays to create pictures of the head, including the skull, brain, eye sockets, and sinuses.
Brain CT; Head CT; CT scan - skull; CT scan - head; CT scan - orbits; CT scan - sinuses; Computed tomography - cranial
You will be asked to lie on a narrow table that slides into the center of the CT scanner.
While inside the scanner, the machine's x-ray beam rotates around you.
A computer creates separate images of the body area, called slices. These images can be stored, viewed on a monitor, or printed on film. Three-dimensional models of the head area can be created by stacking the slices together.
You must be still during the exam, because movement causes blurred images. You may be told to hold your breath for short periods of time.
Complete scans usually take only a few minutes. The newest scanners can image your entire body, head to toe, in less than 30 seconds.
Certain exams require a special dye, called contrast, to be delivered into the body before the test starts. Contrast helps certain areas show up better on x-rays.
If you weigh more than 300 pounds, find out if the CT machine has a weight limit. Some machines do.
You will be asked to remove jewelry and wear a hospital gown during the study.
The x-rays produced by the CT scan are painless. Some people may have discomfort from lying on the hard table.
Contrast given through a vein may cause a slight burning feeling, a metallic taste in the mouth, and a warm flushing of the body. This is normal and usually goes away within a few seconds.
A cranial CT scan is recommended to help diagnose or monitor the following conditions:
A cranial CT may also be done to look for the cause of:
Abnormal results may be due to:
Risks of CT scans include:
CT scans use more radiation than regular x-rays. Having many x-rays or CT scans over time may increase your risk for cancer. However, the risk from any one scan is small. You and your doctor should weigh this risk against the benefits of getting a correct diagnosis for a medical problem.
Some people have allergies to contrast dye. Let your doctor know if you have ever had an allergic reaction to injected contrast dye.
Rarely, the dye may cause a life-threatening allergic response called anaphylaxis. If you have any trouble breathing during the test, you should notify the scanner operator immediately. Scanners come with an intercom and speakers, so someone can hear you at all times.
A CT scan can reduce or avoid the need for invasive procedures to diagnose problems in the skull. This is one of the safest ways to study the head and neck.
Other tests that may be done instead of Cranial CT scan include:
Shaw AS, Dixon AK. Multidetector computed tomography. In: Grainger RC, Allison D, Adam, Dixon AK, eds. Diagnostic Radiology: A Textbook of Medical Imaging. 5th ed. New York, NY: Churchill Livingstone; 2008:chap 4.
Saunders D, Jäger HR, Murray AD, Stevens JM. Skull and brain: methods of examination and anatomy. In: Grainger RC, Allison D, Adam, Dixon AK, eds. Diagnostic Radiology: A Textbook of Medical Imaging. 5th ed. New York, NY: Churchill Livingstone; 2008:chap 55.


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Today is a day for the book lovers, a day for the classics, a day for the sound of cracking spines and the indescribable smell of a REAL LIVE book (remember those?!) in your hands. To non-book lovers or the e- Reader fanatic these may seem like trivial details but WE know…it's not just the story but the aesthetic elements AROUND the story that fuel our passion for our favorite past time. Poetic, right?
Seriously though, there's something about real old fashioned ink and paper that scream "MARK ME UP!" From textbooks to Tolstoy, the experience isn't complete without a highlighter in hand.
Swipe a favorite passage, tag a word that you only pretend to know and secretly go back and check, scrawl intellectual phrases in the margins that leave the next reader thinking you are so profound and astute it's intimidating; it's up to you, and the Gel highlighter is ready when you are.
It is the perfect tool when reading for pleasure or educational advancement, as it will stay as bright and fresh from the moment you uncap until you need a reading respite (maybe more frequently when thumbing through a textbook). Although I try to avoid non-recreational reading at all costs, sometimes you have to bite the bullet and study; and if you need to do it, do it right the first time.
So, to help you do just that I have included a list of highlighting and reading tips from Studentle that are sure to make you the brightest in the classroom!
- Read the text. The first thing that you have to do is to read the text so that you know which words and phrases to highlight. While reading, make sure that you understand the text. Take note of the important details that you need to highlight. If you already know the content of the text that you are reading, it will be easier for you to determine which words and phrases to highlight later on.
- Highlight important parts. Now you can highlight the important parts of the text. Make sure that you leave off unnecessary parts. Highlight important terms, dates, definitions and concepts. You can also take note of the important things that the teacher discusses so that it will be easier for you to study for a text. Some people tend to highlight chunks of text and end up having a whole paragraph completely highlighted. Avoid doing this.
- Use different colors. It may sometimes be more helpful if you use different colors for highlighting. Use one color for all the terms and another color for the definitions of each word. Use a different color for the concepts and facts. This will make it easier for you to find what you are looking for, especially if the text is too long. When using different colors, make a small note on the side of the text so that you know which colors correspond with the text that you highlighted.
- Go over the things you highlighted. After highlighting, go over the text one more time to see if you did not skip anything important. This will also give you a chance to review the text and understand the things that are important. Afterwards, you can study your textbook and just focus on the important points that you have already highlighted. This is very useful especially if you are studying for an upcoming test.
- Choose bright colors. Another important thing that you need to consider is the color of highlighter that you are going to use. It is best to stay away from dark colored highlighters such as blue or purple since it can darken the text and make it harder for you to study. Stick with fluorescent colors such as yellow, green, orange or pink.


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Lou Dalton men's spring / summer 2015 runway show was unveiled on one of the many catwalks of London fashion week (LFW) and Fashionising.com was there to capture each look.
You can see all of the Lou Dalton spring / summer 2015 runway collection by clicking on a thumbnail on the left. From there you can browse through each of the pictures from the fashion show.


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run without installing, check your harddrive, reburn iso (checksum md5), use older version, check your pc compatibily...
Hi guys
Im new to the forum and never had the need to make a profile as i found answers to many of my questions on here until now.....
I booted backtrack 5 via live cd and all went well until clicking to boot backtrack in default text mode at the top of the options that pop up when i did the following occured.IMG-20121102-00054.jpg
I then restarted and selected to boot in default text mode but using the one on the list third from the top...this then allowed me to say startx etc and i could use backtrack5. I opted to install it and after installation when i select to run it, then all that is displayed in the picture occurs with the last line reading "unexpected error with status 0x0009"
If anyone could shed some light on this matter i would greatly appreciate it!
run without installing, check your harddrive, reburn iso (checksum md5), use older version, check your pc compatibily...
It stops at the line : "/sbin/modprobe -b pci:v00xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx"
It seems to me like you have a nvidia video card...Please post info on the hardware.
According to the picture , It is trying to load modules using the blacklist command in the conf file...Command: modprobe -b and lines before that command there is a nouveau module trying to be loaded...
Can you post the dmesg command output?


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ANIME MANGA CLUB - Westhampton Free Library
Hours: 6:30pm (ages 7th grade and up); 7:30 pm (ages 10th grade and up)
Ages: TE
7 Library Ave. - 631-288-3335
Westhampton Beach, NY 11978
Description: Discuss the latest news about Japanese Anime and Manga. Enjoy movies and activities and get a first look at what's new to library's collection. No registration required.


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Want to see less ads, private areas and be able to post? Register Today to receive all these benefits and more!
Dismiss Notice
Want to see less ads, post content and the ability to buy & sell Oakleys?
Oakley Square Wire 2.0 hard case?
Discussion in 'Oakley Sunglasses Discussion' started by rory, 6/9/15.


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I also tried OP's solution but I got fatal error that r8187 does not exist
root@bt:~# modprobe r8187
FATAL: Module r8187 not found.
Trying to locate r8187.ko
root@bt:~# locate r8187.ko
root@bt:~# find / -name r8187.ko -print
EDIT: I tried r8187 but I kept getting fatal error that module is not found. I even tried
root@bt:~# modprobe r8187.ko
FATAL: Module r8187 not found.
root@bt:~# modprobe /lib/modules/188.8.131.52/kernel/drivers/net/wireless/rtl8187/r8187
FATAL: Module r8187 not found.
root@bt:~# modprobe /lib/modules/18.104.22.168/kernel/drivers/net/wireless/rtl8187/r8187.ko
FATAL: Module r8187 not found.
I'll like to join nitr00 and kindly request devlopers to try and fix this issue.
Last edited by gambitz; 10-29-2010 at 07:22 PM.
Ive heard a couple of complaints now about the cable from the awuso36h. Try a different cable. Mine works flawlessly and I can go back and forth to both drivers. and monitor works fine. also did you put it somewhere it could have gotten hot or dropped it wrong?
try it out on a live dvd and see if the problem transfers over.
"Never do anything against conscience -- even if the state demands it."
-- Albert Einstein
Use airmon-ng start wlan0.
this will create interface mon0 in monitor mode
then you bring up mon0 with 'ifconfig mon0 up'
module r8187 does not exist in BT4RC1. The regular rtl8187 module works fine with the above method.
edit: Figured it out. This is how to compile on BT4-R1 which uses kernel 2.6.34
Code:wget http://download.aircrack-ng.org/drivers/rtl8187_linux_26.1010.zip wget http://dl.dropbox.com/u/1522424/rtl8187_2.6.34.patch unzip rtl8187_linux_26.1010.zip cd rtl8187_linux_26.1010.0622.2006 tar xzf drv.tar.gz tar xzf stack.tar.gz patch -Np1 -i ../rtl8187_2.6.34.patch make make install rmmod r8187 rtl8187 mac80211 cfg80211 modprobe r8187
Last edited by yeehawjared; 11-18-2010 at 07:57 AM.
Thank you very much yeehawjared, worked for me...
Worked for me as well.
I went ahead and saved the following as a script called fixwifi and run that whenever my adapter shuts off. Works like a charm. I wish we could figure out how to stop it from happening from the beginning cause this never happens with the r8187 drivers. In any case, it's nice to know how to fix it. So using the above patched driver method I can use the r8187 driver and using the code I pasted below I can get the rtl8187 drivers working. Now I can use either in bt4 r2.
Code:rmmod rtl8187 rfkill block all rfkill unblock all modprobe rtl8187 rfkill unblock all ifconfig wlan0 up
Last edited by Jayman007; 11-27-2010 at 02:34 AM.
Okay, i'm curious but, does this error only occur in the VMWARE environment? I am running Backtrack 4 R2 from hard drive installation and not in VM. I have the ALFA AWUS036H and I am afraid to do a apt-get update or apt-get upgrade . Since that is what causes Alfa to not work when trying to set it to monitor mode. wlan0 RTL8187 rtl8187 - [phy0]SIOCSIFFLAGS: Unknown error 132
I have had this chip set working perfectly at times and randomly stop working, coming back with the "Unknown error 132".
When it is not working, if I run the dmesg command, it shows a bunch of lines that say
"Registered led device: rtl8187-phy0"
then a few more lines down it shows
"Registered led device: rtl8187-phy1"
with the last line of the dmesg readout being
"rtl8187: wireless radio switch turned off"
I believe the problem might be developing with the driver trying to register multiple "phy" devices with the same driver. Unfortunately, I am fairly new to linux and am not sure how to get rid of all those "phy0", "phy1" devices.
Hopefully this makes sense.
here this worked for me:


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Day 1 WCI: Eddie Wall Ride
Words & Photos: Ben Birk
"Drink beer, Smoke cigs, and Smoke weed" were the last words at the riders meeting before the Eddie Wall Ride Invitational and start of WCI. The closing words were Dylan Alito announcing over the mic that he was going to be putting all the women in handcuffs that evening.
Bright sun, soft snow, and wallrides were the backdrop to the Eddie comp. Riders charged all day and ate a lot of crap on the fence wall feature. Some did manage to make their way to the top of the toilet bowl and they were rewarded kindly. Scott Vine shined the most and took home first with Johnny Lazz and Tonton Holland finishing up top three. Best Trick was given to Cody Boan and Dylan Alito who took home iPads. And Eddie Wall Sr. brining home three beers for the senior class.
1st Scott Vine ($10,000)
2nd Johnny Lazz
3rd Tonton Holland
Best Trick- Cody Boan and Dylan Alito
Check out Page 2 for more WCI: Rail Jam at the Village & Mammoth Concert Series


text:
CAC Movie - Premium Rush (PG-13)
When Saturday December 1, 2012 @ 10:00 PM (1698 days ago)
Where Science Center, 106, Auditorium
Duration 1 hour 31 minutes
In Manhattan, a bike messenger picks up an envelope that attracts the interest of a dirty cop, who pursues the cyclist throughout the city. Stars: Joseph Gordon-Levitt, Michael Shannon and Dania Ramirez.
General $2.50
Intended Audience General Public


text:
Meet UK Black and African Singles For Hot Sex on Blackshagbook!
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text:
Come enjoy themed décor, unique foods, and specialty drinks. Here students learn management techniques and customer relations skills as they work the front and back of the house in this Harrah Hotel College tradition of food and beverage offerings.
- October 24: Eastern Garden
- October 31
- November 7, 14 & 21


text:
Brevard blanked by Queens 3-0October 7, 2009
Queens tops Brevard 3-0
Charlotte, N.C. - The Tornados stayed within one goal the majority of the game, but were unable to hold on as they ultimately fell 3-0 to the Royals of Queens.
With the win Queens improve to 4-4-1 while Brevard falls to 1-11.
The Royals struck just two minutes into the game on a Jeremy Chambers goal. Queens would control a 1-0 lead for the rest of the first half and most of the second half until 76:54 when Tyler Miller struck for the Royals.
Ian Townson threaten to score twice for the Tornados in the second half with a shot that went wide and a header that also landed wide of the post.
The Royals landed their final goal at 83:13 when Jonathan Grajeda brought the ball up the field and beat Jack Shaw to knock one in.
With two minutes left in the game Chris Lanvik-Larsen took a shot on goal forcing Chris Raines to record his only save of the game.
The Tornados return to action on Saturday when they travel to Wingate a 4 p.m. South Atlantic Conference game.


text:
I've been approached by a client about the possibility of using WordPress for a project we're about to start. I'm not an expert with WordPress and wondered if what we want to do is possible.
To start off with, the site needs to be Multilingual, there are various plugins to handle this, so I don't particularly think this is going to be too much of a problem.
We need to build some custom modules to handle products, recipes and recipe categories with the ability to links recipes to products and categories etc, along with a search feature to search and display recipes by certain criteria. This shouldn't be too much of an issue. What I don't know is how we'd handle the multilingual side of things for the custom modules? Will the multilingual plugin do this for us? or will we need to build the modules to specifically be multilingual?
We also need the ability to assign different page templates to pages, I'm assuming this is a fairly basic feature in WordPress.
Are we able to do this using Wordpress? is there a better solution?
I have used the WP plugins [Types and Views a few times in the past year for custom post types. It does a great job of making it easy to create, manage and display custom content types (products, recipes, whatevers). The same guys that built these plugins are also the authors of the very popular [URL="http://wpml.org/"]Wordpress Multilingual (WPML) plugin - and as you'd expect they try to make sure [URL="http://wp-types.com/documentation/multilingual-sites-with-types-and-views/"]that everything plays nice together](http://wp-types.com/) There are also many plugins that are compatible with the WPML plugin.
Separate templates is something that Wordpress handles natively. The only thing you need to do is add a file in the theme directory that starts with a specially constructed comment, for example:
* Template Name: Product Home Page
* Description: A full-width product listing
It's certainly possible to build it in Wordpress, whether it is the best choice depends on a few other factors as well. You might find that there are other CMSes out there that will offer you better/more features/scalability/ease of development etc. Of course these choices will also be influenced by the clients budget and requirements moving forward.
If your post (roughly) describes the scope of the project, then I'd say Wordrpess would certainly be a viable option
Thanks for the reply.
When we build the custom plugins, do we need to build them to be multilingual, or will the language plugin handle all of that?
If you use the Wordpress API for localization in your plugins then you should be able to make them multilingual using the WPML plugin.
WPML notes this on their front page:
"Every theme or plugin that uses WordPress API runs multilingual with WPML."
There are a few [tutorials[1] and [URL="http://codex.wordpress.org/Translating_WordPress"]articles[2] [URL="http://www.appthemes.com/blog/how-to-translate-a-wordpress-theme/"]around](http://wp.tutsplus.com/tutorials/how-to-localize-wordpress-themes-and-plugins/)[3] on localization that are probably worth reading as well.
[1] http://wp.tutsplus.com/tutorials/how-to-localize-wordpress-themes-and-plugins/[2] http://codex.wordpress.org/Translating_WordPress[3] http://www.appthemes.com/blog/how-to-translate-a-wordpress-theme/
I think the better solution for you is Joomla 2.5. Joomla 2.5 has introduced multilingual features natively. You will need to activate the language switcher module and your website visitors will need to switch the joomla core labels and headings to their preferred language. Moreover You can set Joomla to detect the country from the browser settings and open with the correct language. You can assign different page templates to pages in Joomla 2.5.


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Please Note: By clicking a link to any resource listed on this page, you will be leaving this site.
What is a Microbe?http://www.microbeworld.org/what-is-a-microbeOn this American Society for Microbiology site, kids can learn more about bacteria, viruses, and other microbes.
American Academy of Dermatologyhttp://www.aad.orgProvides up-to-date information on the treatment and management of disorders of the skin, hair, and nails.
Note: All information is for educational purposes only. For specific medical advice, diagnoses, and treatment, consult your doctor.
© 1995-
Images provided by iStock, Getty Images, Corbis, Veer, Science Photo Library, Science Source Images, Shutterstock, and Clipart.com
Copyright Cook Children's Health Care System, Fort Worth, Texas


text:
Search Results
Title: Speeches of Charles Pinckney, Esq. in Congress : on the subject of having impartial juries, by lot, in all the federal courts : on the independence of the judges in the same courts : on the exclusive right of the state legislatures, and under their direction, of the people, to the the election of the President and Vice-President of the United States : on the defined privileges of Congress, and the liberty of the press : and, on the intercourse bill with France.
Author: Pinckney, Charles, 1757-1824.
Publication Info: [Philadelphia?: s.n.], printed in 1800.
subjects: [United States. Congress--Privileges and immunities--Speeches in Congress] [Courts--United States--Speeches in Congress] [Presidents--United States--Election--Speeches in Congress] [United States--Politics and government--1797-1801--Speeches in Congress]


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Big & Rich's John Rich getting his own TV show
Listen to Big & Rich on iHeartRadio
John Rich is turning his talents once again to TV. TVGuide.com says the country star is developing a new series for the TVGuide Network.
The still-untitled project will be taped at the singer's home in Nashville, and feature performances, interviews, and audience interaction in "a loose party atmosphere." "The Biggest Loser's" David Broome is among those on board as executive producers. Rich's show is expected to debut on TVGN this fall.
Rich is no stranger to TV. The country star is a former "Celebrity Apprentice" winner. He has also hosted CMT's competition reality series "Gone Country."
Photo Credit Getty Images


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Hi. I'm Mike, with L.L.Bean product development. True to L.L.Bean's tradition of innovation, the Kennebec Switch-Pack is the ultimate in versatility – and day pack and full-featured vest pack – all in a single piece of gear.
With the capacity for a full day out, you can use it as a day pack to hike to your favorite stream, river or pond. Once you're on the water, it converts to a full-featured fishing vest pack. Just remove the two side pockets and attach them to your shoulder strap. You've got a fully functional fishing vest pack that's ready for a day on the water.
When you're ready to hike out, simply remove the pockets from your straps and return them to the sides of the pack. All straps feature a clean finish that won't snag a fly line, and the pack's narrow profile won't interfere with casting, wading or bushwhacking into your favorite spot.
This simple solution means less time stashing an extra bag, less time switching gear and less weight to slow you down. But, even better, it means more time casting on the water. You won't find a pack like it anywhere else. Guaranteed.


text:
Okay so I got a new Laptop recently, A Sony VPCYB16KG. and I have several driver problems. The most annoying concerning the wireless driver, It has a Atheros AR9285 wireless card, I have the ath9k driver working for aircrack, it goes into monitor mode and injection works fine, but It wont connect to any wireless networks. I have tried installing linux-backport-modules to no avail. I have started up wicd to check if it can scan for any networks, I get the two I would expect, but when I try to connect to my home network, I get Cannot Connect : Bad Password, I have double checked that I have the correct password, Its a WPA2 network. Having a look through dmesg after it fails I have the lines:
wlan0: authenticate with Mac_Address (try 1)
wlan0: authenticated
wlan0: associate with Mac_Address (try 1)
wlan0: RX AssocResp from Mac_Address (capab=0x431 status=0 aid=1
waln0: deauthenticated from Mac_Address by local choice (reason=3)
and this repeats a few times, I assume as it tried to connect. Other people have the problem where wlan0 doesnt show up as an interface in iwconfig, mine does, as you could assume from being able to put it into monitor mode.
Secondly is the touchpad. Its a synaptic touchpad I assume as In windows it has the synaptics drivers installed. Google reccommends apt-get ing the synaptics drivers, but we cant get them because we dont have the ubuntu repositories. Suggestions on this would be appreciated. I have been using a usb mouse which works fine, its just a pain not being able to use the touchpad.
And the third is the Video card drivers for the AMD radeon HD 6310 graphics card, the impression i have is that this card isnt natively supported, and we have to install some special driver. The screen works and all, Just the resolution is massive.
Any help is greatly appreciated!
EDIT: Forgot to mention that I'm running backtrack 4 r2 dual booting with windows 7, not that that dual booting should make a difference.