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New Orleans • This week could be awkward for Brian Billick, considering how the coach who replaced him in Baltimore John Harbaugh has brought the Ravens to Super Bowl XLVII.
Instead, Billick is viewing himself more as the coach of the Ravens' only championship team to date and less as the guy who was fired after missing the playoffs in 2007. It helped that the nature of questions during an interview session Tuesday with NFL Network analysts for the Super Bowl (Billick works primarily for FOX Sports) focused on that 2000 championship season, particularly Billick's memories of linebacker Ray Lewis.
A former BYU tight end and Utah State assistant coach, Billick coached the Baltimore team that registered four shutouts in 2000. Preparing for a second meeting with Cleveland, the Ravens fully expected to blank the Browns, only to allow a touchdown on the opening drive.
As the defense came off the field, Billick said, "Ray looks at me and says, 'Don't say a thing. I got it.' "
Even counting that drive, Billick accurately recalled that Cleveland posted only 112 total yards in a 44-7 loss.
Making a change
There's a precedent for Harbaugh firing offensive coordinator Cam Cameron in the middle of the season. Billick did the same thing to former University of Utah coach Jim Fassel in 2006, except that he took over the play-calling himself. The Ravens finished 13-3, although they lost to Indianapolis in the AFC divisional playoffs.
"John Harbaugh and I were sounding boards for each other," said Ravens general manager Ozzie Newsome. "This is something we talked about for a number of weeks. I did have the background that I went through when Brian Billick let Jim Fassel go. So I knew what questions to ask and what we needed to do."
Moss' role growing
Veteran receiver Randy Moss caught only 28 passes during the regular season, but he played a big role in San Francisco's rally to beat Atlanta in the NFC championship game with three receptions for 46 yards.
Vernon Davis, the 49ers' tight end, endorses Moss. "I think that people view him the wrong way," Davis said. "He's a terrific guy in the locker room. He's funny, he's energetic, and he'll always put a smile on your face, and a lot of people don't know that about him."


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Cornelia Freeman Concert Series featuring School of Music faculty
The Cornelia Freeman University September Concert Series is underway, with performances scheduled for Sept. 25, Oct. 2 and Oct. 9. All concerts will be performed in the School of Music recital hall.
For more than two decades, the series has raised scholarship funds for USC music students.
The cost for single concerts is $12 for adults, $10 for senior citizens and USC faculty and staff members and $5 for students. Series tickets are $50 for adults and $40 for senior citizens. Reserved seating is available for the entire series for an additional $100 per series tickets. For ticketing information, email firstname.lastname@example.com or call 803-777-4280.
The Freeman Concert Series, which features performances by USC School of Music faculty and staff, features a variety of musical genres. The Sept. 25 performance will feature works by Johann Sebastian Bach, Johannes Brahms, Camille Saint-Saens and Claude Debussy. Performers will include Jennifer Parker-Harley, flute; Clifford Leaman, saxophone; John Kenneth Adams, piano; Charles Fugo, fortepiano; and Joseph Rackers, piano.
The Oct. 2 performance will feature works by Peter Tchaikovsky, Vincent d'Indy, Bert Ligon, Mark Ford and Johannes Brahms. The faculty and staff performers include Richard Conant, bass; William Terwilliger, violin; Rebecca Hunter, violin; Constance Gee, viola; Robert Jesselson, cello; Jennifer Parker-Harley, flute; Clifford Leaman, saxophone; Michael Harley, bassoon; Scott Herring, marimba; and Charles Fugo, piano.
At the Oct. 9th concert, saxophone professor Clifford Leaman and his graduate student quartet will present the South Carolina premiere of a work titled "The Seven Churches of Easter, Richmond 1984 (2002)" composed by Tayloe Harding, dean of the School of Music . The piece was inspired after the unexpected passing of Harding's father and the subsequent 1984 Easter season quest he embarked upon to find a church for his family in his boyhood home of Richmond, Va.
The composition is dedicated to seven Episcopal churches in Richmond that Harding visited during that 1984 Easter season. Harding, Leaman and the quartet will be featured in a series of performances of the work in a number of the churches in Richmond as part of a national conference and community engagement project from Oct. 20 – 23.
Also performing Oct. 9 are Bradley Edwards, trombone; Ronald Davis, tuba; Scott Herring, marimba; Charles Fugo, piano; and John Williams, piano. They will perform works by Girolamo Frescobaldi, Jean Langlais, Clarence Barber, Alan Fernie, Robert Schumann and Franz Liszt.
For additional information, visit the School of Music's website.

subset: commoncrawl


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Major depression frequently co-occurs with other psychiatric problems.
Depression and anxietyEdit
The National Comorbidity Survey (US) reports that 51% of those with major depression also suffer from lifetime anxiety.[1] Anxiety symptoms can have a major impact on the course of a depressive illness, with delayed recovery, increased risk of relapse, greater disability and increased suicide attempts.[2] American neuroendocrinologist Robert Sapolsky similarly argues that the relationship between stress, anxiety, and depression could be measured and demonstrated biologically.[3] There are increased rates of alcohol and drug abuse and particularly dependence,[4] and around a third of individuals diagnosed with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder develop comorbid depression.[5] Post-traumatic stress disorder and depression often co-occur.[6]
The role of anxiety in depressionEdit
The different types of Depression and Anxiety are classified separately by the DSM-IV-TR, with the exception of hypomania, which is included in the bipolar disorder category. Despite the different categories, depression and anxiety can indeed be co-occurring (occurring together, independently, and without mood congruence), or comorbid (occurring together, with overlapping symptoms, and with mood congruence). In an effort to bridge the gap between the DSM-IV-TR categories and what clinicians actually encounter, experts such as Herman Van Praag of Maastricht University have proposed ideas such as anxiety/aggression-driven depression [How to reference and link to summary or text]. This idea refers to an anxiety/depression spectrum for these two disorders, which differs from the mainstream perspective of discrete diagnostic categories.
Although there is no specific diagnostic category for the comorbidity of depression and anxiety in the DSM or ICD, the National Comorbidity Survey (US) reports that 58 percent of those with major depression also suffer from lifetime anxiety. Supporting this finding, two widely accepted clinical colloquiallisms include
- agitated depression - a state of depression that presents as anxiety and includes akathisia, suicide, insomnia (not early morning wakefulness), nonclinical (meaning "doesn't meet the standard for formal diagnosis") and nonspecific panic, and a general sense of dread.
- akathitic depression - a state of depression that presents as anxiety or suicidality and includes akathisia but does not include symptoms of panic.
It is also clear that even mild anxiety symptoms can have a major impact on the course of a depressive illness, and the commingling of any anxiety symptoms with the primary depression is important to consider. A pilot study by Ellen Frank et al., at the University of Pittsburgh, found that depressed or bipolar patients with lifetime panic symptoms experienced significant delays in their remission. [How to reference and link to summary or text] These patients also had higher levels of residual impairment, or the ability to get back into the swing of things. On a similar note, Robert Sapolsky of Stanford University and others also argue that the relationship between stress, anxiety, and depression could be measured and demonstrated biologically. [7]. To that point, a study by Heim and Nemeroff et al., of Emory University, found that depressed and anxious women with a history of childhood abuse recorded higher heart rates and the stress hormone ACTH when subjected to stressful situations.
Depression and painEdit
Depression and pain often co-occur; one or more pain symptoms is present in 65% of depressed patients, and anywhere from 5 to 85% of patients with pain will be suffering from depression, depending on setting. There is a lower prevalence in general practice, and higher in specialty clinics. The diagnosis of depression is often delayed or missed, and outcome worse.[8]
Depression and suicideEdit
Clinical depression increases the risk of morbidity and mortality both through suicide as well as comorbid medical disorders. Further, there is impairment in multiple areas of functioning, which carries a psychosocial and psychiatric cost not only for the individual, but for society as well.
Hypomania, as the name suggests, is a state of mind or behavior that is "below" (hypo) mania. In other words, a person in a hypomanic state often displays behavior that has all the earmarks of a full-blown mania (e.g., marked elevation of mood that is characterized by euphoria, overactivity, disinhibition, impulsivity, a decreased need for sleep, hypersexuality), but these symptoms, though disruptive and seemingly out of character, are not so pronounced as to be considered a diagnosably manic episode.
Another important point is that hypomania is a diagnostic category that includes both anxiety and depression. It often presents as a state of anxiety that occurs in the context of a clinical depression. Patients in a hypomanic state often describe a sense of extreme generalized or specific anxiety, recurring panic attacks, night terrors, guilt, and agency (as it pertains to codependence and counterdependence). All of this happens while they are in a state of retarded or somnolent depression. This is the type of depression in which a person is lethargic and unable to move through life. The terms retarded and somnolent are shorthand for states of depression that include lethargy, hypersomnia, a lack of motivation, a collapse of ADLs (activities of daily living), and social withdrawal. This is similar to the shorthand used to describe an "agitated" or "akathitic" depression.
In considering the hypomania-depression connection, a distinction should be made between anxiety, panic, and stress. Anxiety is a physiological state that is caused by the sympathetic nervous system. Anxiety does not need an outside influence to occur. Panic is related to the "fight or flight" mechanism. It is a reaction, induced by an outside stimulus, and is a product of the sympathetic nervous system and the cerebral cortex. More plainly, panic is an anxiety state that we are thinking about. Finally, stress is a psychosocial reaction, influenced by how a person filters nonthreatening external events. This filtering is based on one's own ideas, assumptions, and expectations. Taken together, these ideas, assumptions, and expectations are called social constructionism.
On a final note, researchers at the University of California, San Diego, under the guidance of Hagop Akiskal MD, have found convincing evidence for the co-occurrence of hypomanic symptoms associated with a diagnosis of depression where the diagnosis does not meet criteria for Bipolar Disorder.[How to reference and link to summary or text] Symptoms under consideration, such as irritability, misdirected anger, and compulsivity, also may not present sufficiently to be considered a hypomanic episode, as described by a Bipolar II Disorder. As noted in the Frank study [How to reference and link to summary or text] mentioned above, this particular course of the disease, with the breakthrough of anxiety, may have a significant impact on the overall course of the depression.
This idea of co-occurring anxiety and depresion is supported in a study by Giovanni Cassano MD of the University of Pisa and his collaborators on the Spectrum Project, who found a correlation between lifetime hypomanic and manic symptoms and the severity of the depression.[How to reference and link to summary or text]
- "The presence of a significant number of manic/hypomanic items in patients with recurrent unipolar depression seems to challenge the traditional unipolar-bipolar dichotomy."
These authors, along with many other researchers,[How to reference and link to summary or text] argue in support of a revision of the approach to psychiatric diagnosis into what is being called the mood spectrum, so as to "[make] more accurate diagnostic evaluation[s]." This approach, although controversial, has begun to be given consideration by many behavioral health professionals.
General medical conditions associated with depressionEdit
Depression often co-occurs with other serious illnesses, such as heart disease, stroke, diabetes, cancer, and Parkinson's disease. Depression can and should be treated when it co-occurs with other illnesses, for untreated depression can delay recovery from or worsen the outcome of these other illnesses.
- Depression and cancer
- Depression and diabetes
- Depression and heart Disease
- Depression and HIV/AIDS
- Depression and parkinson's disease
- Depression and stroke
- Alcoholism or other substance abuse/dependence
- Endocrinopathies (Cushing's, adrenal insufficiency, hyperparathyroidism, carcinoid)
- Chronic disease (CHF, diabetes, SLE, RA)
- Hypothyroidism
- Infections (hepatitis, mononucleosis, influenza or other viral illnesses)
- Dementia.
- Post-cardiac surgery
- Post-cerebrovascular accident
- Sleep disorders
- Fibromyalgia / Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
- B12 or folate deficiency
Increased risk of later physical illnessEdit
- Main article: Depression and increased risk of later physical illness
Depression is known to disrupt many physical systems. It alters hormones, suppresses the immune function and changes how nerves work. People with a history of depression have greater risks for diseases of aging, such as heart disease, type 2 diabetes, dementia and cancer.
=See alsoEdit
- ↑ Kessler RC, Nelson C, McGonagle KA, et al. (1996). Comorbidity of DSM-III-R major depressive disorder in the general population: results from the US National Comorbidity Survey. British Journal of Psychiatry 168 (suppl 30): 17–30.
- ↑ Hirschfeld RMA (2001). The Comorbidity of Major Depression and Anxiety Disorders: Recognition and Management in Primary Care. Primary Care Companion to the Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 3 (6): 244–254.
- ↑ Sapolsky Robert M (2004). Why zebras don't get ulcers, 291–98, Henry Holt and Company, LLC.
- ↑ Grant BF (1995). Comorbidity between DSM-IV drug use disorders and major depression: Results of a national survey of adults. Journal of Substance Abuse 7 (4): 481–87.
- ↑ Hallowell EM, Ratey JJ (2005). Delivered from distraction: Getting the most out of life with Attention Deficit Disorder, pp. 253–55, New York: Ballantine Books.
- ↑ Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs named
- ↑ Sapolsky, Robert M., Ph.D. (2004). Why Zebras Don't Get Ulcers, 291-298, Henry Holt and Company, LLC. ISBN 0-8050-7369-8.
- ↑ Bair MJ, Robinson RL, Katon W et al. (2003). (fulltext) Depression and Pain Comorbidity: A Literature Review. Archives of Internal Medicine 163 (20): 2433–45.
Increased risk of later physical illnessEdit
- Main article: Depression and increased risk of later physical illness
Depression is known to disrupt many physical systems. It alters hormones, suppresses the immune function and changes how nerves work. People with a history of depression have greater risks for diseases of aging, such as heart disease, type 2 diabetes, dementia and cancer.
See alsoEdit
Key Texts – BooksEdit
Additional material – BooksEdit
Key Texts – PapersEdit
- Roose SP, et al. (2001). Relationship between depression and other medical illnesses. JAMA, 286(14): 1687–1690.
Additional material - PapersEdit
External linksEdit
|This page uses Creative Commons Licensed content from Wikipedia (view authors).


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Curry General Hospital
Gold Beach
Medical Staff of Curry General Hospital
Serving the healthcare needs of the community for more than 60 years, Curry General Hospital has been called "a jewel among rural hospitals in Oregon" and is known for the exceptionally compassionate and caring staff. Certified as a Critical Access Hospital, the hospital provides quality care by community people, right near home.
In November 2013, District voters overwhelmingly approved a ballot measure to help fund the construction of a replacement hospital in Gold Beach. We anticipate a construction completion date of 2016 for the new Curry General Hospital.
Our Emergency Department is staffed with highly qualified and dedicated physicians who are on-site 24 hours per day, 7 days per week; and has earned a designation as a Level IV Trauma Center with 24 hour Trauma Surgeon availability.
Our Hospitalists provide 24/7 care for inpatients. They stay on site, and are available for patients and family members, even after discharge.
Curry General Hospital provides the following services:Anesthesia
Cardio Pulmonary
Case Management/Discharge
Coumadin Clinic
Emergency Department
Food Services & Curry Café
Gynecology / Obstetrics
Intensive Care
Laboratory Services
Occupational Therapy
Pharmacy (Inpatient)
Physical Therapy
Radiology / Imaging
Speech Therapy
Surgical Services
Swing Bed
The hospital continually hosts visiting medical specialists who treat patients and/or perform surgery in oncology/hematology, ophthalmology, orthopedics, neurology, ear-nose-and-throat, cardiology, and general surgery.
Hours:24 hours/day, 7 days/week
Physical Location:Curry General Hospital
94220 Fourth Street
Gold Beach, Oregon


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Controlling the thermostat myself on my M62 4.4i (DME 7.2)
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Location: Yakima, Wa
Join Date: Nov 2010
Posts: 17
Mein Auto: 2002 X5
View My Garage
Controlling the thermostat myself on my M62 4.4i (DME 7.2)
This article (with photos and attachments) describes how I chose to use the built-in heater circuit of the M62s thermostat to regulate the engine temperature more in line with my preferences.
Ok, why would I want to do this? As many of you probably know the stock system runs at about 108C, which is also approx. 225F. BMW made a change to the operating temperature as this engine continued to develop from its predecessor, the M60, in response to the external forces of fuel economy and part-throttle emissions. (The earliest M62s still used a normal 85C thermostat, same as the M60) I am not on board with the concept of this high of an operating temperature for all around use. Fortunately, I am also not under the same constraints as the factory, either. The stock operating temperatures increase susceptibility to detonation through increased cylinder wall temperatures, and certainly puts increased physical pressure on the cooling system components. You know, the plastic ones. :-; Of course, BMW also realized that this operating temperature was not ideal for all operating conditions, and as a compromise (yes, its always a compromise) they designed the thermostat with a small internal heating element. Therefore, while the thermostat will function as a typical wax-pellet thermostat for that approx 225F operating temperature, by completing the ground circuit and thus activating the heater, the thermostat can be made to open at a lower temperature. The as-designed thermostat control range per various M62 reference materials is approx 176F to 225F, and at about 235F is where the DME starts to get unhappy (and energizes the heater in an attempt to bring things down). There are several conditions under which the factory controls will activate the circuit and attempt to lower the coolant temperature:
1. Engine load exceeds a certain parameter (system uses injector pulse width here)
2. Intake air temperature over 125F (summer in the city!)
3. Sustained speeds over xxx mph (I don't remember the figure, but it was 3 digits)
4. Engine temp reaches 235F
For a little while, I just did some general monitoring (I used a unit that plugs into the OBD II port, but unlocking the OBC will let you monitor in degrees C). Where I live, I have some long enough hills available for me to watch the system begin to cool down under load. Yep, just as designed; so, whats wrong with that? Whats wrong is thermal inertia. The car is running at a temperature to optimize part-throttle economy and emissions, not power and responsiveness. So when you put your foot down, the DME signals the thermostat to open, and .maybe 30 seconds or maybe a couple of minutes - later your coolant temp begins to slowly decrease. A little bit. After the fact. Purposely doing a test under sustained load up a grade, I could bring the temp down into the 190s by forcing the sustained load, although there is a very significant lag time.
Well, forget that. I've been running my engine at about 195~199 all the time. (Like I said, my constraints and goals are not the same as the factory trying to get an A on some emissions or part-throttle economy tests).
Lets pause for sec What I am posting here is what I chose to do to my car, and how I went about it, since I know there are other forum users who are interested in this topic. It is NOT the purpose of this post to make a case for why anyone else should or should not modify his or her car, should or should not change change parameters, operating temperature, etc. Certainly some folks will look at this post as just a solution in search of a problem. Then, this probably isnt a mod you will be considering. However, I think I have a good understanding of what the DME is doing, when, why, and how, and I am also comfortable with what I am doing. And finally, this is a used car I am discussing, not a heart bypass machine. If you wish to debate the pros and cons of altering the engine temp to begin with, please start a new thread and have at it. But my decision is already made. Whether this is a mod for you or not, if you are interested in how the thermostatic control system in this engine works from the factory and how I implemented my own control and my thoughts around it, then keep reading.
I've included a brief discussion on this included with my test and tune at the end.
There are a couple of ways to maintain the coolant at a lower operating temperature. One way is to remove the factory electrically controlled thermostat and replace the housing with the part from its non-controlled counterpart. This also requires buying an applicable thermostat for the desired operating temp, and making a suitable adapter since the old housing will not bolt up to the new style water pump. Another way is we can take advantage of the embedded system, and control it ourselves. And thats what I am doing.
First, a little more discussion on the factory system. The factory system activates the heater by means of a switched ground. Typical in automotive systems because of both efficiency and cost, this method can be used to switch a load, or to modulate a load (usually by pulse width modulation). The factory doesnt modulate the thermostat heater circuit, it simply switches it in or out; all-or-nothing. Thats ok for the factorys design parameters since the heater is being used in a reactionary mode. (even though in certain cases the duration of activation can turn into sustained operations) In other words, the factory system is one of "need to react to a certain condition by lowering the temp until the condition goes away. Now, as an aside, we can easily make up a circuit to do this if we like. 1) Monitor engine temperature, 2) turn on heater if temp is higher than desired. We could do this with a comparator and a reference voltage. Just monitor the voltage from one of the factory temp sensors, and trigger current flow to the heater upon meeting a given condition, and turn off the current once the condition is not met. No doubt many of you have already realized that this is just a single bit analog to digital converter. And, thats exactly what the factory system is, albeit with a handful of conditional inputs.
However, I dont want to just react to a temperature by sending an all or nothing signal to the thermostat (sidebar: nevertheless, that process WILL work fine if you build in a little hysteresis so the thing doesnt rapidly switch on/off in the vicinity of the applicable condition. This is also how your home furnace control works after all). However, since I already know that with the heater fully activated, it is capable of lowering the operating temperature into the 180s, or perhaps lower, then I dont need to go with an all or nothing approach. Therefore, I decided to build a circuit that will still reference the engine temperature, but instead of an all or nothing response, I activelyl control the thermostat by means of a PWM DC control over an adjustable range. Since I dont intend to try to operate the engine below about 195 or so, I do not need to utilize the maximum heating ability of the element in the thermostat.
A quick thought - some readers may be concerned that regular activation, even at a lesser intensity than the factory uses, will shorten the lifespan of the heater. I really cant help you there since even if my thermostat heater does fail someday, theres no way to tell if it would have failed under the factorys method of full activation on a regular basis anyway. This does not concern me, however, for several reasons. For starters, its cheap (what, maybe a little over $100?), and very easy to replace. Furthermore, if mine does fail, then all that will happen is the thermostat will revert to normal mechanical operation at 225 or so. No big deal. I ran around for quite awhile with the heater disabled and the computer seeing just a dummy load. All good. And if it does fail, I will almost certainly convert to the pre-electrically controlled all mechanical style at that point anyway.
Back to business. The adjustments available in the attached circuit comprise both range of control, and the aggressiveness of response within the range. In other words, what temp do I want to run the engine at, and how tightly do I want to control that temperature. And, again, no doubt some of you recognize this as just another way of saying that we can describe the output control to the heater from this circuit using slope-intercept form if you like ***61672; y=mx+b, whereby we can vary both the m and the b). If you dont know what the hell Im talking about, then dont worry about it. For those that want to understand more about my approach, Ill touch on the transfer functions later on. Caveat: I am not an engineer, just a dude with some understanding of basic electronics who stayed in a Holiday Inn Express once. Plus, the concepts I am presenting are widely used in, well, our cars for one thing.
THE CIRCUIT. (See schematic included in attachments)
The circuit is comprised of 2 low-power quad op-amps LM324, a couple resistors and capacitors, and a MOSFET. 6 of the 8 available op amps are used, and there are other options for the unused op amps if you desire. With the exception of a couple of the resistors and a few supplies, I pirated almost everything except the housing itself ($4 at Radio Shack) from 2 computer power supplies that hadnt gotten tossed out yet. Yes, everything, even most of the wires. Should you decide to buy everything in the circuit, you should be well under $20 or so, assuming you otherwise have the tools, supplies, and so forth to undertake the project. Some of you hard core hobbyists may take exception to my choice of MOSFET, but for something that was on hand and handy, it does just fine.
In a nutshell, the circuit does the following: U1a, U1c, and U1d comprise a relaxation oscillator/integrator circuit. The job of that circuit is to produce a triangle wave presented to pin 5 of U1b. The frequency of the oscillator is pretty low, depending on tolerances. Mine measured in at 388Hz on the bench. U1c is used since this is a single source supply and floats the oscillator output between ground and source. U1b is being used as a comparator. In this configuration, whenever the input at pin 6 is less than pin 5, then we have source voltage out. Whenever the voltage at pin 6 is greater than pin 5, then the output is brought close to zero (ground). That may seem counter-intuitive, but there is a reason for that configuration. Hang with me. Also remember that the voltage at U1b pin 5 is a constantly varying triangle-shaped waveform, not a steady state.
U2a and U2b do a couple of things. U2b provides for amplification of the qty of change in the voltage level that we are going to sample from one of the temperature sensors (the m in y=mx+b). We can adjust this with R7/R10. We want to amplify the factorys signal for both enhanced resolution (easier to tweak settings that vary over about 8v rather than maybe ½ of a volt), and to get an appropriate magnitude for the comparator (discussed above, and further). U2b also acts as a buffer so that we can sample the voltage from the temp sensor without actually affecting it. Setting R7 to about 10.1K or so is a good starting point. Also, since I am not using precision resistors here, some adjustability is always handy. U2a sets the bias level of, ultimately, the voltage we are presenting to the comparator at pin 6 of U1b. For those of you who care, this is the b in y=mx+b. Although both parameters can be adjusted independently, there is also a dependency relationship between the 2. Therefore adjusting the set-point R10 will also affect the gain (minor, but still). The reason is that I wanted the circuit to operate within a certain range. So if I adjust the set-point upward (meaning the MOSFET doesnt begin conducting through the load until slightly higher temp), the gain will decrease somewhat to remain within my parameters. For example, it would not be useful to adjust the set-point up to 205 degrees if that meant that full actuation (slope) would not turn on the MOSFET fully until 240 degrees or something. At the same time, I may want to set the gradual opening to begin at 180, but then I want the slope to ease off so that its not full-on flow at 195 (meaning no adjustability above that range).
You can see that relationship because the voltage divider network for U2a IS transferred via the output as the adjustable reference for U2b.
U1b is an open loop comparator. Remember the relationship I described previously regarding the signals at pins 5 and 6 of U1b. Since pin 5 is a triangle wave with a slope, then the output of U1b at pin 7 will vary in duration based on the relationship of pins 5 and 6 over time. That variation is then the on time of Q1. Q1 is switched on or off (pulsed) based on the relationship. This circuit will vary the duty cycle from 0% to over 95% across a range that I can (generally) widen or narrow with R7, and beginning at a temperature I can vary with R10. R10 has a well defined effect on the temp range.
The LED is completely optional, and is there just for a visual indication of relative duty cycle. Although I did my designing and testing using a fixed power supply, a variable power supply, and a meter that can also display the duty cycle in %, plus a virtual circuit tool to examine waveforms and relationships, all of that is a hassle once installed on the car. And not everyone is going to be able to measure the duty cycle at various settings. So using the LED, we can have a visual indication (again, strictly relative as in more or less) of whats happening when adjusting R7 and/or R10. Once I installed the module in the computer housing box, the LED is not visible anyway.
So, back to U1b. Remember I described it as what may seem to be an inverse relationship (i.e., as the input voltage to pin 6 decreases with respect to pin 5 over time, the power transistor is kept on longer, increasing the duty cycle of our output (completing the ground for the heater circuit). Thats because I am sampling the factory temperature sensor. As this is a negative temperature coefficient, the sampled voltage is decreasing as the engine warms up. Since we want the conduction through the heater to increase based on temperature, we want it to increase with a decrease in applied voltage.
CONNECTIONS. Ill discuss how I decided to connect into the existing systems. If you decide this mod is for you, then let your comfort level be your guide. You can accomplish this even if you dont want to delve into the rats nest of wires within the DME/TCM housing, but by working within the computer box everything is right there handy. The circuit needs 5 connections, each of which Ill discuss further in more detail.
1. Power
2. Ground
3. The ground path leg for the heater (went to the DME, but we will now control).
4. The DMEs connection which used to control the heater, but which we will bypass to keep the computer content, and the MIL from illuminating.
5. Sample of engine operating temperature from existing temp sensor.
For the heater control, we have to cut heater contro (return side) line, and route the end that goes to the DME through a resistor that will represent a dummy load (and pull up the line to 12V as the computer expects). The other end of that wire to the heater we will control with our circuit. For all of the other connections, I used line taps I picked up from Radio Shack. They allow tapping into the lines without cutting, and have provisions for a connector as part of the housing. Radio Shack part #s are provided on the list of materials.
Connection 1. Power. The power we use for the circuit needs to be switched DC when the ignition is on. Fortunately, there is a complete fuse-box of switched power co-located within the plastic housing "box" that contains the DME and the TCM. Wait. You DID know there is a fuse box for specific engine electronics buried in there, right? I can imagine the weeping and hair-pulling if one of those fuses failed (these are man-made products after all), and the owner wasnt aware of the steps to take the lid apart and dig it out. Holy crap. Anyway, this is the source of power for things like the oxy sensor heaters, power for the DME, the TCM, other engine electronics, MAF, etc. And of course, wouldnt ya know it, fuse F1 of this little gem is the 12v power side of the engine heater circuit as well. Perfect. Well tap into the same wire to power our circuit. Reminder - the effect of tapping into that 12v wire is absolutely negligible we are only using it to power the low-power op amps of the circuit. The actual heater operation works off a switched ground, same as it does in unmodified form. Refer to attached pics.
Connection 2. Ground. This one is easy. After you take the plastic lid off of the computer housing box, you can clearly see the bundle of brown wires at the back. They exit the box and immediately attach to the bulkhead outside the box. These are all ground wires for the various modules in the computer housing box. Pick one, any one, to tap into. They are all a common point, there is no difference, and it does not matter. Refer to the various pictures. (the wires visible in the ground-wire photo that are secured w/green zip ties at the blue connector are tapping into the transmission control and feedback signals for a different project. They are also visible departing the housing box in the picture of the brown/white wire).
Connections 3 and 4: The Heater Circuit. We are going to break the connection between the switched ground leg of the heater circuit and the DME. Whether you do this somewhere under the hood, somewhere near the heater, or near the DME is up to you. As I mentioned before, I think it is WAY more convenient to keep everything together where it all comes together by the DME. I also understand that for some, the idea of cutting a wire coming out of the computer is cringe-worthy. Regardless there is absolutely no difference to the car if you decide to intercede further along the wire out by the thermostat or wherever. Again, I just think working off the harnesses accessible within the computer housing DME compartment is way easier and cleaner under the hood. The wire we are interested in is the heater return that is controlled by the DME. It runs from the heater, through various harnesses, and comes out in the bundle of wires that go to Connection X60003. This is the center connector on the DME. Our wire goes to pin #31 of that connector, and is colored Brown/White. Refer to the pictures included in this post. Now, personally, I went ahead and unplugged the connector from the DME and verified the wire I identified was indeed the one that runs to the heater (its one line, nothing connected off of it part way or anything). To do that you have to remove the 2 connectors to the right of the one we are interested in (as you stand looking at the installed DME) since you cannot unclip X60003 until you do. The other connectors block X60003s clip from fully releasing. Its not necessary if you are comfy you have identified the correct wire probe it or similar to be sure. However, I knew exactly what I was looking for, yet I still took the 5 or 10 minutes to disconnect X60003, trace and isolate the wire, and then reassembled the connectors. Word.
I also understand that in isolated circumstances, under factory control the thermostat can short internally and since it is run off of a 30 amp fuse, the light gauge wiring to the heater generally won't survive. This is a great opportunity to provide separate fuse protection for the thermostatic heater. Even if you aren't going to do this mod, picking up a $2 inline fuse and splicing it into this control line might be cheap insurance. A 5 amp fuse is more than sufficient for the heater and will protect that harness.
After cutting the wire, the 2 ends will route to the connections as indicated on the schematic.
The end going into the DME just needs to connect through a resister (I used 1K, 1W) so the DME sees 12v on that line and therefore thinks the heater is still intact. Since the DME may also try to activate the heater from time to time, the specified component is somewhat overkill on power rating. You can deviate from what I am using, but at least calculate the power your substitute may have to dissipate, and plan accordingly.
The other end of the Brown/White wire we just cut is the ground circuit for the heater. It will collect to the Drain connection on the MOSFET. Refer to the schematic.
Connection 5. Sample of Engine Operating Temperature. We need to sample the engine temperature, and since the cars systems also have to sample the temperature, then thats been handed to us. Lets dig in. I chose to use the signal from the dual-temperature sender sitting at the water-pump outlet. There are 4 wires on this (2 senders), and the 2 senders are DIFFERENT. Either will work; however, I designed this circuit to use the specific sensor levels that I was sampling, so if you use one of the other lines, this specific circuit will not work as intended, and youll need to re-engineer the values to suit your choices. Assuming you will use the same signal I am, lets continue. Just for information, if standing at the front of your engine looking down onto the temp sensor, the left 2 wires feed their sensor signal to the DME for its purposes. The right pair of wires feed their signal to the IKE (dashboard systems). I sampled the signal from the IKE side, and if you were tapping into the sensor wires at the sender, then it would be the one to the rear; i.e. closest to the driver (this is the signal side of that sensor). So again, of the 4 wires in the temp sender, the closest to the driver will give us a nice sample voltage. And whaddya know, BMW has handed us this on a silver platter; the temp sensor output to the IKE routes through the computer compartment box. Refer to the pictures. There are 3 fairly large (relatively speaking) connectors at the front of the computer compartment box. (E53 photos here, other models will vary) The 12 pin (note: not all pins may be populated) black-colored connector is X6053, and the Brown/Purple wire I am pointing out in one of the pictures is the line from the temperature sensor we are interested in. Tap into that line.
Building the circuit itself. Options here are wide-open. I used a little project box from Radio Shack and a piece of a PCB I had laying around for some reason. All my jumpers are roughly the same color, although I did try to use red for power connections and black for ground connections. Otherwise, for me it just kind of laid out as it played out. I considered designing and etching a board, and it sure would have made the actual construction easier, as this board is pretty small and I ended up with a little nest of jumpers hopping to and fro. One thing that is useful is using PCB mounted terminals to connect the 5 lines from the car connections to the board. I also mounted the MOSFET on the metal lid and incorporated a heat sink. (another $1.99 part). I consider the heat sink optional. Running down the road for hours at a time and the switching transistor (MOSFET) did not even get slightly warm. It is a very efficient circuit. I made my box so that the lid can be opened and adjustments made on the fly. I did all my adjustments using extended wires so I could make little tweaks from within the cabin until I was happy with operation, then the box got tucked into the plastic computer housing box with the DME and TCM, etc. using the connectors visible in one of the photos. If you use a fairly small box like I did, itll fit in there just fine.
I configured this on the bench before plugging it into the car using data derived from various readings and monitoring. (Attached are some graphs if you are interested). Therefore when I connected my box and began road tests, I found that my initial starting settings for R7 and R10 were right where I wanted. I run a steady 196 degrees now (91C on the dash). Initiating a climb under load will bring the temp up an initial couple degrees and then settle back to 196. Likewise coasting downhill drops to 194 for maybe 15-20 seconds, and then back to 196. Over a trip of several hours, the behavior was consistent and the temp was very well regulated at my set point. The ckt provides an adjustment range of over 30 degrees.
Having both R7 and R10 adjustable is not entirely necessary, but I wanted plenty of versatility, and the costs for these parts is nominal.
The LED was handy for indicating when the ckt began activating, which at my settings is above 180 or so. Well beyond the warm up cycle of the engine. An optional use for the unused op amps available on the chips could be to monitor the engine temp signal, and not activate the circuit (keep source voltage to circuit off) until a specified threshold is reached. In other words, regardless of how the circuit response is configured, it won't even kick on until, for example, 190 (or whatever the user chooses). I considered that, but decided not to worry about it for now, but the option is there using the components specified in the diagram.
Other thoughts.
I did not undertake this expecting more power, and although it is likely that part-throttle response will improve, although I'll never know. I have no way to ascertain that one way or another, and I really don't care.
It is also probable that part throttle fuel economy may be affected in the form of decreased fuel mileage. Again, I personally don't care, and I don't monitor my mileage so I will likely never know that either. You may feel differently on this.
I undertook this for 2 specific reasons:
1) To lower the pressure experienced by the now 11+ year old plastic components and seals (radiator and expansion tank pressure) and
2) because I thought it was interesting.
For those that care, Ive included some graphs of the different functions. I developed these from various measurements taken during the development stages. Although the math worked out on paper regarding components and values, I like to see it represented visually as well. That helps me to see that i have the desired linear response and the ranges involved. The mostly linear response of the factory temp sensor is evident, and is typical in that the most linear region is the general operating region of the engine. The linear duty-cycle output of the circuit is illustrated as well. Remember, however, that the overall aggregate response of the circuit (engine temp in ~ duty cycle out) will vary due to component tolerances, and how the builder chooses to set the final values of R7 and R10. In the schematic, Ive provided some reasonable starting values. Once installed, you can then adjust to achieve your desired operating parameters.
The first attachment here is the schematic. Although I presented the theory of operation for anyone that may want to understand what I'm doing, this post cannot otherwise serve to try to teach anyone electronics. Sorry about that.
The following pictures show the various wires and connection points I used. Oh, and a picture of the little-known engine electronics fuse block buried in the computer compartment. First up is the power connection I used off the line from the fuse block. As I said, this fuse is the one that supplies power to the heater anyway, so cool beans.
Here is a shot of the brown ground wires that feed out of the compartment to a common ground point on the bulkhead.
A shot of the BROWN/WHITE return from the thermostat heater.
Here is a picture of the temperature signal from the temperature sensor, on it's way to the IKE module. A handy location here for sure.
My tapped connections. As I said in the text, I just cannibalized a couple of pc power supplies, thus the familiar looking connector.
Building the circuit board.
Bench testing. The meter is indicating the duty cycle. An automotive light bulb was a suitable stand in and allowed for visual representation as well.
All buttoned up before putting it in the computer compartment. As I said above, the heat sink really isn't necessary.
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Ron Bloom
Stephen Crowley/The New York Times
News about Ron Bloom, including commentary and archival articles published in The New York Times.
Ron Bloom, a Top Lazard Banker, Leaves for Brookfield Asset Management
Mr. Bloom, perhaps best known for his work guiding G.M. and Chrysler through bankruptcies, will help manage Brookfield's private equity operations....
July 22, 2016, Friday
MORE ON RON BLOOM AND: Bloom, Ron , Brookfield Asset Management , Lazard LLC , Banking and Financial Institutions , Appointments and Executive Changes
Obama's First-Term Finance Team: Where Are They Now?
Some of the top financial government officials appointed in the Obama administration's first term have moved into the private sector, while others are taking on new posts in Washington....
November 18, 2013, Monday
MORE ON RON BLOOM AND: Bloom, Ron , Wilson, Harry J , Wolin, Neal S , Brainard, Lael , Geithner, Timothy F , Gensler, Gary S , Khuzami, Robert S , Massad, Timothy G , Miller, David N , Orszag, Peter R , Rattner, Steven L , Schapiro, Mary L , Commodity Futures Trading Commission , Securities and Exchange Commission , Treasury Department , Appointments and Executive Changes , Subprime Mortgage Crisis
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FIGHTING BACK Philip A. Falcone, below, the head of Harbinger Capital Partners, took Senator Charles E. Grassley, Republican of Iowa, to task for accusations about his lobbying efforts on behalf of LightSquared, his start-up wireless venture. ...
February 2, 2012, Thursday
Postal Union Turns to Wall Street for Advice on Its Future
The letter carriers are enlisting Ron Bloom, a former investment banker, and Lazard, the big financial firm, to help forge a strategy to revitalize the postal service....
October 17, 2011, Monday
MORE ON RON BLOOM AND: Postal Service , Labor and Jobs , Post Offices and Equipment , Organized Labor , Postal Service (US) , National Assn of Letter Carriers , Bloom, Ron , Lazard Llc , Postal Service and Post Offices
Postal Union Turns to Wall Street for Advice
The letter carriers are enlisting Ron Bloom, a former investment banker, and Lazard, the big financial firm, to help forge a strategy to revitalize the postal service....
October 16, 2011, Sunday
MORE ON RON BLOOM AND: Lazard Llc , Postal Service , Bloom, Ron , News
Wheelies: The Wattage-Watch Edition
Audi plans a mini-E.V. for Frankfurt, a battery manufacturer wins a crucial contract from General Motors and Ford partners with a solar-charging company for its Focus Electric....
August 11, 2011, Thursday
MORE ON RON BLOOM AND: News , General Motors , Renault SA , Best Buy Company Incorporated|BBY|NYSE , Ford Motor Co|F|NYSE , General Motors|GM|NYSE , Bloom, Ron , Automobiles , Frankfurt Auto Show , Audi Division of Volkswagen AG , Best Buy Company Incorporated , Better Place LLC , Chrysler LLC , Ford Motor Co
G.M. Offering's Price Gave Treasury a Tough Call
Emile Wamsteker for General MotorsGeneral Motors executives at the stock exchange after the the automaker's I.P.O., including Daniel F. Akerson, G.M.'s chief executive.DETROIT - For more than 16 months, the Obama administration had been waiting fo...
November 25, 2010, Thursday
G.M. Offering Price Gave Treasury a Tough Call
For the government, which owned most of G.M., the decision over the public offering price was a gamble that could define the success or failure of Detroit's $50 billion bailout....
November 24, 2010, Wednesday
MORE ON RON BLOOM AND: General Motors Co|GM|NYSE , Lee, James B Jr , Treasury Department , Bloom, Ron , Akerson, Daniel F , Liddell, Christopher P , News , Whitacre, Edward E Jr , Automobiles , Initial Public Offerings , General Motors Co
Washington Played a Big Part in G.M. Turnaround
The Obama administration distanced itself from day-to-day management of G.M. but played an important role in decisions on leadership and strategy....
November 3, 2010, Wednesday
MORE ON RON BLOOM AND: General Motors , Treasury Department , Initial Public Offerings , Executives and Management , Automobiles , Bloom, Ron , Geithner, Timothy F , Whitacre, Edward E Jr , Akerson, Daniel F , Obama, Barack
Ron Bloom Is Obama's Manufacturing Emissary
The administration has pledged tax credits and subsidies to spur manufacturing but has said the lead must come from the private sector....
September 10, 2010, Friday
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Bringing up Baby by Pamela Druckerman
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Original post made by Parent, Palo Verde, on Jan 25, 2012
California Democrats seek to revive the Republican Party; Republicans expected to resist
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Chocolate + Tahini Ice Box Pie
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Oh, My Aching Knees
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Love is a Verb
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Registration now open!
Registration is now open for the 33rd annual Palo Alto Weekly Moonlight Run and Walk. This family-friendly event which benefits local nonprofits serving kids and families will take place on Friday, Oct. 6 at the Palo Alto Baylands.


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Gaza pullout must be tied to peace - Palestinians (REUTERS) By Paul Taylor DAVOS, Switzerland 01/28/05 07:18 AM ET)
Source: http://www.reuters.com/newsArticle.jhtml?type=topNews&storyID=7466051
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DAVOS, Switzerland (Reuters) - Palestinian leaders warned their Israeli counterparts on Friday that a new spirit of cooperation between the Middle East foes would endure only if Israel´s Gaza pullout was linked to a final peace settlement.
Leaders from both sides addressing the World Economic Forum hailed the new mood of goodwill since the January 9 election of Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas after more than four years of bitter armed conflict.
"A window of opportunity, a dramatic change is shaping up and taking place," Israeli Deputy Prime Minister Ehud Olmert, a close ally of Prime Minister Ariel Sharon, told world business and political leaders.
Sharon´s decision to withdraw unilaterally from the Gaza Strip and remove Jewish settlements there this year, and the emergence of a new democratic Palestinian leader had created the opportunity, he said.
Sharon has said conditions were right for a "historic breakthrough" on Middle East peace and if Palestinians worked to "fight terror" then Israel could move forward with a U.S.-backed peace "road map" meant to lead to a Palestinian state.
But Palestinian Liberation Organisation official Yasser Abed Rabbo said in Davos the dream of a new partnership could be destroyed if Israel continued expanding West Bank settlements and building its security barrier on expropriated Arab land.
"With what is currently going on on the ground, building the wall around the Palestinian populated areas and the expansion of the settlements, I´m afraid my dream will be lost," he said.
"We cannot be sub-contractors for unilateral Israeli moves," Abed Rabbo said of Sharon´s plan to pull out of Gaza over the summer, handing authority to Palestinians.
"We need a comprehensive solution that will close all the gaps ... Side by side with the Gaza step, there should be a resumption of the final status negotiations."
Israeli Vice Prime Minister Shimon Peres, whose more dovish Labour Party this month joined a national unity government with Sharon´s right-wing Likud, said he was surprised and impressed by Abbas´ rapid implementation of security measures in Gaza.
"This is the first time someone has taken on leadership and in a few days changed the entire atmosphere," Peres said of Abbas. "All of a sudden there is a meeting of minds and moods."
The Palestinian leader has persuaded militant groups to observe a de facto truce and deployed Palestinian security forces to stop rocket attacks on Israel.
But Israeli Foreign Minister Silvan Shalom told the WEF the Palestinians must do more to dismantle the infrastructure of armed groups, otherwise fresh attacks could undermine any progress towards peace.
Olmert offered to start immediate talks with the Palestinians on handing over control of the Erez industrial zone on the Israel-Gaza border, which he said could be the nucleus of an independent Gaza economy.
But Palestinian Finance Minister Salam Fayyad cautioned: "Important though it is, economic development is no substitute for a credible, durable progress on the political track."
WEF founder Klaus Schwab called for the forum, which has met for the last 35 years in the Swiss ski resort of Davos except for one session in 2002 in New York, to hold a future meeting in the West Bank town of Bethlehem, biblical birthplace of Jesus to show support for a two- state solution.
He presented the leaders with mementoes of mountain crystal on plates inscribed: "World Economic Forum, Bethlehem - date to be announced soon." (© Reuters 2005 01/28/05)
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Sales of guns and ammo have ramped up dramatically in California following last month's Connecticut school shooting and subsequent calls for tightened gun-control measures.
Manufacturers and retailers say they're scrambling to keep up with the demand.
"The supply chain is broken," said Jeff Foutz, a salesman with the Bain and Davis Gun Shop in San Gabriel. "First off, you had many of the manufacturers shutting down for a couple weeks at Christmas to do their maintenance. Then the Connecticut tragedy happened and right away you had 20 politicians in front the cameras trying to make their political bases happy."
The demand for guns and ammunition is sure to increase even more in the wake of gun-control legislation introduced Thursday by U.S. Sen. Dianne Feinstein, D-Calif. Feinstein wrote the original assault weapons ban, which expired in 2004 when Congress refused to renew it under pressure from the National Rifle Association.
The recent "perfect storm" of events has spooked many gun owners into buying whatever they can get their hands on while it's still legal, Foutz said.
"It's been brisk," he said. "We are not a big firearms seller, but we pretty much sold all that we had and now we can't be re-supplied."
It's the same story at firearms and ammo manufacturer Ten-X Ammunition Inc. in Rancho Cucamonga, according to Richard Pumerantz, the company's president.
"We just got back from the Shot Show in Las Vegas, the largest gun industry trade show in the world, and of course all of the various rulings and positions of the government were announced while we were up there," he said. "After we returned it's been quite crazy with the number of calls. People are buying like it's going out of style."
Pumerantz said he's having trouble getting the components his company needs to make its firearms.
"That causes back orders," he said. "We're probably six months behind on many of our calibers, and others may be about four to six weeks behind. There's very little left on the shelf."
Pumerantz said sales of guns and ammunition first began to tick up following the re-election of President Obama, who last week outlined a gun-control plan that would include universal background checks for gun sales, reinstatement and strengthening of the assault weapons ban, capping ammunition magazines to a 10-round limit and improving mental health resources, among other features.
Pumerantz said many of those proposed measures are misguided.
"It's still an issue of mental health, not having weapons safely secured and having weapons stolen," he said. "The shootings are not being done by law abiding citizens. These people are very sick."
Over the past year the nation has been rocked by a series of deadly shootings, including the school shooting in Connecticut that left 20 children and six adults dead, and the Aurora, Colorado movie theater shooting that took the lives of 12 and injured 58 others.
Mark Stein, president of MSI Guns in Roseville, said semi-automatic guns are wrongly being lumped in with full-on assault weapons in the current gun debate.
"They started talking about banning assault weapons, but they didn't have a very clear definition of what an assault weapon is," he said.
MSI sells the AR-15, a civilian version of the military's M16 assault weapon. But unlike the M16, which allows the user to fire consecutive shots by squeezing the trigger just once, the AR-15 requires the trigger to be pulled for each shot, Stein said.
"You can't just hold the trigger," he said. "That's one of the biggest misleading things - these are not military rifles."
Stein said many guns are hard to come by these days because they've been bought up by gun owners who are worried about potential changes in the gun laws.
"There was so much demand in such a short amount of time that the pipeline got dry," he said. "The joke around here is that the president told us to get rid of the guns. Well, if you look at our display cases ... we got rid of the guns."
Meanwhile, Feinstein acknowledged at a Thursday news conference that getting the assault weapons ban through Congress isn't a sure thing.
"If anyone asks today `Can you win this?,' we don't know, it's so uphill," Feinstein said.
Feinstein authored the original assault-weapons ban in 1994. Her new version is more comprehensive in defining what kinds of weapons are banned.
The NRA responded that the new bill would infringe on the Constitutional right to bear arms and that instead the focus should be on prosecuting criminals and improving the country's mental health system.
Vice President Joe Biden is launching the White House's promotional tour on gun control Friday with a trip to Virginia, a state that has experienced its own school shooting tragedy yet maintains an avidly pro-gun tradition.
626-962-8811, Ext. 2701


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Hi, I'm new to the forum, and I'm finding myself in a bit of an emergency. I signed up hoping for some guidance.
A bit of background: I've been baking all life and specifically baking using Rose's recipes for about a year now. I found her book through the Original Hawaiian Chocolate website (I had to find the original chocolate oblivion torte recipe (: ). I do reasonably well but I wouldn't consider myself anything other than a novice.
My brother got married rather suddenly last Christmas at a courthouse. He's been worried about us accepting her and recently extracted a promise from me to make her a belated birthday cake when they come to our family's big beach get together. Due to various reasons, his wife has not yet had her big princess day. They had a date but it keeps getting put off. Mom came up with the idea of throwing a small party for them at the beach as a surprise.
Hence a small birthday cake has suddenly become a wedding cake, not a huge cake but it has to have that feel, you know?
I have to keep it simple, but what they like is peanut butter and chocolate. I have the recipe for the peanut butter-cream, but what about an actual peanut butter flavored cake? His favorite candy has always been Reices Cups, I wanted to do peanut butter inside, chocolate outside.


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Download the latest version of Creative AWE64 16-bit lyd SB16-kompatibel drivers according to your computer's operating system. All downloads available on this website have been scanned by the latest anti-virus software and are guaranteed to be virus and malware-free.
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Results 1 to 2 of 2
Thread: need you help
15th August 2013 07:15 AM #1
- Join Date
- Aug 2013
- Posts
- 7
need you help
Does stress can really cause miscarriage?
21st August 2013 07:12 AM #2
Yes I am afraid that some studies have shown that significant stress triples the risk of an early miscarriage. This is why it is advisable to keep stress to a minimum in pregnancy.
Best wishes,


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Welcome to the world of Terraria! DIG, FIGHT, EXPLORE, BUILD! Nothing is impossible in the special edition version of this action-packed sandbox adventure! Over a dozen environments and hundreds of items to craft and enemies to defeat! The world is your canvas – make it your own.
Click to create and send a link using your email application


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Spring Cleaning During the Winter - Florida Winter That Is
To get started, make a list of all the locations where you save or retrieve information, such as network drives, office computer hard drives or your Outlook email account.
Next, use your Outlook calendar to set aside a little time each day to go through the items on your list and decide if you need to keep it, delete it or use it. Delete items you no longer need and keep items you are currently using in descriptive folders so they can be easily found.
Important documents should be moved to a network drive. If multiple people use these documents, think about uploading them to a SharePoint site.
Advantages of keeping documents on a network drive:
- Accessible from any computer with a connection to the Internet or through a virtual private network (VPN).
- Backed up daily and able to be restored, if necessary, by Enterprise Technology Serivces upon request.
- Accelerates the setup for a temporary back-up computer if you experience problems with your office computer.
- Quicker computer replacement process.


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Achieving State Certification & National Accreditation
The MBTA Transit Police is accredited by both the Commission on Accreditation for Law Enforcement Agencies (CALEA) and the Massachusetts Police Accreditation Commission (MPAC). CALEA oversees agencies who seek to be accredited at the national level and MPAC oversees those agencies that are accredited at the state level.
The MBTA Transit Police was first accredited in 1986 under Chief William J. Bratton. The Department has since been reaccredited three times, in 2005, 2008 and most recently in July of 2011.
Since the first CALEA Accreditation Award was granted in 1984, the program has become the primary method for an agency to voluntarily demonstrate their commitment to excellence in law enforcement. The standards upon which the Law Enforcement Accreditation Program is based reflect the current thinking and experience of law enforcement practitioners and researchers. Major law enforcement associations, leading educational and training institutions, governmental agencies, as well as law enforcement executives internationally, acknowledge CALEA's Standards for Law Enforcement Agencies© and its Accreditation Program as benchmarks for today's law enforcement agency.
The purpose of accreditation programs is to improve the delivery of public safety services, primarily by: maintaining a body of standards developed by public safety practitioners, and cover¬ing a wide range of up-to-date public safety initiatives; establishing and administering an accreditation process; and recognizing professional excellence. Specifically, the goals are to:
- Strengthen crime prevention and control capabilities;
- Formalize essential management procedures;
- Establish fair and non-discriminatory personnel practices;
- Improve service delivery;
- Solidify interagency cooperation and coordination; and
- Increase community and staff confidence in the agency.


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The Iowa Lakes Community College Men's Basketball broke back into this week's NJCAA Div. II top 25 coaches' poll at #15, after defeating conference rival Des Moines Area Community College, a ranked opponent last Saturday in Estherville.
The Lakers, now 8-4 overall and 3-1 in the conference, face ABCD prep on Wednesday, January 9, at 7:30 p.m. following the women's game that starts at 5:30.
"Coming off of the win against DMACC and now breaking back into the top 25 is a highlight of how we want to finish our season," Head Coach Troy Larson said. "We came back focused after break and know we have a lot of work to do to accomplish our goals."
Admission into the game is $5 for adults. K-12 students are admitted free of charge. To learn more about Iowa Lakes, please visit www.iowalakes.edu.


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Max Frankel
News about Max Frankel, including commentary and archival articles published in The New York Times.
1968 | The Washington Bureau Chief Who Wasn't
In honor of some recent appointments in the Washington bureau, David W. Dunlap looks back at an old battle over the position in 1968....
September 11, 2015, Friday
The Leak Police
Washington is hysterically trying to close off leaks of classified information. It should not be that way....
August 6, 2012, Monday
Nixon's Trip and Cronkite's Socks
One biographer called him America's "most peculiar and haunted of presidents." But for all his personal ghosts, Richard Nixon made perhaps the most important presidential trip in history. Forty years ago next week, he went to China....
February 8, 2012, Wednesday
Recent books by the staff of The New York Times....
December 30, 2004, Thursday
Eyeball to Eyeball
New books by Max Frankel and Strobe Talbott reveal how diplomacy has been used to forestall nuclear threats....
November 28, 2004, Sunday
Superpower Nuclear Confrontation: A Thriller, but Real
A short and graceful account of the Cuban missile crisis by Max Frankel, who covered the story for The New York Times....
October 15, 2004, Friday
Instincts to Flee Competed With Instructions to Remain
When the first jet struck 1 World Trade Center at 8:48 a.m. on Tuesday, the people in 2 World Trade Center with a view of the instant inferno across the divide had the clearest sense of what they, too, must do: get out fast. Katherine Ilachinsk...
September 13, 2001, Thursday
The Last Word
This week, Max Frankel files the last of his Word & Image columns. For nearly six years, he has discussed, with insight and fervor, the major trends of our information age. He has paid special attention to the growth of media monopolies, to the co...
July 9, 2000, Sunday
THE TIMES MAGAZINE WELCOMES A NEW name and an old friend. Max Frankel, who recently retired as executive editor of The Times, today begins "Word & Image," a weekly column of commentary on communication of every sort. Max's byline, though mothballe...
October 2, 1994, Sunday
Lelyveld Will Succeed Frankel As The Times's Executive Editor
Max Frankel, the executive editor of The New York Times for the last eight years, will step down on July 1 and be succeeded by Joseph Lelyveld, the newspaper's managing editor. The change was announced yesterday by Arthur Sulzberger Jr., publisher...
April 8, 1994, Friday
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text: Posted August 23, 2011 Dragunity - Discussion Dragunity is a new decktype, formed through cards released in Hidden Arsenal 3 and Structure Deck: Dragunity's Legion. Dragunity is basically a poor man's TeleDAD, using many of the same concepts and plays TeleDAD used with more balanced cards and a far more streamlined and much less versatile monster lineup. The deck aims to drop Stardust Dragon turn 1 and ride it to victory, continously dropping Synchros while camping on the Stardust to force through their plays. Monsters commonly played in Dragunity: Phalanx is the heartbeat of the deck. The common play is to go Summon Dux (see below)' date=' equip Phalanx and Special Summon it to the field, Synchro Summon Dragunity Knight - Vajrayana, equip Phalanx and Special Summon it to the field, Synchro Summon for a Level 8 Synchro of your choice. Using Dragon Ravine and Cards of Consonance you can accomplish this play on your first turn frequently, normally ending your first turn with a Stardust Dragon to protect Dragon Ravine. See Phalanx for common plays. Dux is also useful as a 1900 beater when equipped with Phalanx and being a Winged Beast for Icarus Attack if you choose to go that route. Akyls is an alternate tuner for the deck' date=' and 2 copies have became the standard for most Dragunity builds. The ideal play is to go summon Legionnaire (see below), equip Akyls and activate Legionnaire's effect to destroy a face-up monster. After this chain resolves, Akyls will activate and destroy another card on the field of your choosing! This play is especially useful for clearing fields to setup Dux plays next turn and clearing fields. Ruling Note: Akyls is a mandatory effect, so if your opponent only has 1 face-up monster on the field and you send Akyls with Legionnaire's effect you must destroy 1 of your own cards. See Akyls for common plays. Legionnaire can also be used to get Phalanx and make a LV5 Synchro of your choice. And now we have reached the tough part. The deck essentially has 4 monsters it can run right now without problems, but even if you max all 4 you will only have 12 monsters. The key to the deck's success will be finding ways to win without Dragon Ravine and finding the right mix of monsters outside of the previously listed 4. I would like to believe Zephyros is essentially a staple. You can dump it with Ravine' date=' it is a Level 4 Winged Beast so you can make Vajrayana with it, and it allows you to return Ravine or Monsters that got hit by Effect Veiler to your hand for reusage. Other Monster options: Breaker the Magical Warrior D.D. Crow Dragunity Arma Mystletainn Dragunity Arma Leyvaten Effect Veiler Maxx "C" Morphing Jar Reborn Tengu Red-Eyes Darkness Metal Dragon Red-Eyes Wyvern Sangan Tour Guide From the Underworld Spells & Traps commonly played in Dragunity: You should run 3 copies of this alongside 3 copies of Terraforming. You always want to see Dragon Ravine turn 1 because opening with it drastically increases your chances of winning the game. If you have extra copies of Terraforming or Ravine, you can just pitch them to activate Ravine. Dragon Ravine makes the entire deck flow seamlessly, you absolutely need to see it as soon as you can. However, you should be wary of Mystical Space Typhoon (and Dust Tornado, which is once again increasing in popularity) on your Dragon Ravine and you should always try to avoid playing Ravine until you have cleared their backrows or believe with a strong conviction that they do not have MST set. Essentially a Destiny Draw for the deck' date=' Dragunity should be running anywhere between 5-6 targets for Consonance. You can Ravine targets into your hand or pitch dead copies of Consonance to activate Ravine so at least 2 copies is pretty much mandatory in here. Pot of Duality has always been a point of contention for Dragunity players. Duality helps you get out of poor hands, but when the deck gets rolling you will most likely never want to activate it. You may be able to play Duality on your second turn if you made Stardust Dragon turn 1 to dig for more defensive removal, but you have to be careful here because if your opponent has Mystical Space Typhoon they can chain it to Pot of Duality and you will either have to sacrifice the Stardust to protect it or lose the Ravine. Icarus Attack is also noteworthy. Legionnaire and Dux are both targets for it, but most of the time it is better to Synchro with Dux. Icarus is invalueable for clearing backrows to let you go off, but unlike Blackwing, Dragunity cannot take advantage of Icarus Attack quite as easily and does not have nearly as many targets. Dimensional Prison versus Bottomless Trap Hole is an on-going debate. Some builds even choose to run neither. Bottomless protects Stardust Dragon from Chaos Sorcerer/Black Luster Soldier by allowing you to chain Bottomless Trap Hole to the summon and then chaining Stardust Dragon to negate Bottomless and destroy it and dodge the effect, but Prison is better if you go 2nd and they already have a troublesome monster (such as Thunder King Rai-Oh) on the field. The biggest issue with Dragunity is going 2nd and not being able to clear the field so most players prefer Dimensional Prison for this reason. 1 copy of each is also a viable choice. Extra Deck Staples: 2-3 Dragunity Knight - Vajrayana 1 Ally of Justice Catastor 1 Brionac, Dragon of the Ice Barrier 1 Scrap Dragon 1 Stardust Dragon 1 Thought Ruler Archfiend Common plays are listed under Phalanx, although it is also worth noting that Vajrayana can get back Aklys then send it to the Graveyard to go up to 3800 ATK and destroy a card in the process. Colosssal Fighter and Thought Ruler Archfiend are also both viable options, but due to the release of more Extra Deck options you may find you do not have room for both. I feel this spot will become a meta pick, just choose whichever one you feel helps you deal with other meta cards better at the time. Red Dragon Archfiend is also an option for being able to clear walls, but Scrap Dragon can normally handle this. I see no reason to bother with Dragunity - Gae Bulg and Dragunity - Gae Dearg. Vajrayana does the same thing as Gae Bulg, except Vajrayana is infinitely better. Gae Dearg's only usefulness is if you choose to Main a copy of D.D. Crow, as it lets you search it but this is hardly worth an Extra Deck slot unless the meta develops to the point mained Crow is everywhere. T.G. Hyper Librarian should also be included normally, as it can be very good to go into it with Legionnaire + Phalanx and make them think twice about Synchro plays. A few things about playing Dragunity worth noting: While Dragunity appears to most as a very simple deck to play due to the straightforward nature of the cards and builds, Dragunity is actually quite a difficult deck to play correctly. You will generally have a multitude of options for your Synchro plays and you have to make the proper decisions on which Synchro you will need. It is not always as easy as summoning Stardust Dragon and setting 4 backrow, especially now that Heavy Storm is legal. If you do not know what you are playing against, or are playing against a deck that could be running Dimensional Prison you should avoid attacking with Stardust Dragon into backrows. The average player tends to get greedy here and will end up losing the Stardust Dragon to Dimensional Prison, which ends the lock and lets the opponent back into game. Unless you absolutely need to end the game soon or you will lose you should make safe plays and continue to camp behind the Stardust Dragon and continue pressing with other Synchros. You must also be wary of Gorz the Emissary of Darkness, who can come down after a Stardust attack and ruin everything. Avoid playing Ravine into backrows unless you are in a position where you have no other choice. I have lost count of the amount of times I have seen the following posts: MST > Dragunity This deck fucking sucks, they chain MST on Ravine and you lose While it is true MST chained to your Dragon Ravine blows, if this is happenening to you on a consistant basis you are playing Dragunity poorly. Sometimes you will indeed just have to go for or you will lose, but just because you have a hand that can Ravine combo on your 1st turn does not mean it is always the optimal play to do so. You want to avoid activating Ravine unless you can make a Stardust Dragon to protect it, otherwise your Ravine is a sitting duck. You should be patient and try to force out backrows and gather reads on your opponent's backrows before going off, otherwise you will be in for a world of hurt and quick defeats. If you have a good hand but you went second, don't blow it. Be patient and wait for an opening. Admittedly there are certain decks and times you cannot do this, but for the most part patience is the key to Dragunity. In conclusion, Dragunity is a deck with a simple but effective gameplan. You might see all the plays coming in Dragunity, but that does not necessarily mean you can stop all the plays. This deck had a brief time in the spotlight at the beginning of the previous format before falling off the map, but on the bright side most of the decks bad matchups (Six Samurai, Frog Monarch, Fish OTK) got hit significantly by the banlist. While Agents are indeed a problem Legionnaire + Akyls can clear Kristya fields and the deck no longer has to worry about people consistently setting 3 backrow turn 1. 7 Share this post Link to post Share on other sites


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WTAMU student John McCord with U.S. Congressman Mac Thornberry
The Mac Thornberry Washington D.C. Internship Program is an opportunity for current WTAMU students to experience everyday life at the Capital and with Congress while gaining practical hands-on experience working with high-level officials on a variety of tasks and projects. Students selected for the internship experience will spend a fall, spring or summer semester working in Washington D.C.
Qualifications for Consideration
Students from all disciplines are encouraged to consider taking advantage of this opportunity. A strong application should exhibit:
Applicants Must Be:
Funding Your Internship
WTAMU students selected for the Mac Thornberry Washington D.C. Internship are eligible for financial assistance through the Office of the Provost and Vice President for Academic Affairs, as well as their existing financial aid.
Important Dates
Application deadline dates vary each calendar year. Approximate application deadlines for each semester are:
Fall Internship - April 1 Spring Internship - October 15 Summer Internships - apply directly to Congressman Thornberry's office Completed applications and supporting documents (resume and letter of application explaining why you are a good candidate for the internship) should be delivered to the Office of the Provost and Vice President for Academic Affairs in Old Main, Room 307. Once applications are submitted, the top applicants will be scheduled for an interview. This process may take several weeks. Contact Beth Lauterbach at 806-651-2044 or email@example.com for more information.
Washington Intern Student Housing (WISH)
Interns are responsible for finding their own housing while on Capitol Hill. Information concerning housing opportunities through WISH can be found at www.internsdc.com.
Frequently Asked Questions


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J. Marion Sims Foundation
The J. Marion Sims Foundation, Inc. has made awards totaling $827,374 to 23 different community organizations in its Responsive and Adult Literacy and Basic Skills Grants programs.
The foundation awarded the following 16 grants in its Responsive Grants Program:
u CareNet – $70,000 for its CareHealth Centers
A special day of family fun and firm discussions of underage drinking is planned for Lancaster's teen population by city leaders, educators and law enforcement.
"Teen Day in LA" is 4 to 9 p.m. April 5 at the University of South Carolina Lancaster's Carole Ray Dowling Center, 509 Hubbard Drive.
University of South Carolina Lancaster has announced it will close its Dr. W.L. McDow Physical Therapy Clinic next month though work to save the university's other health services programs is ongoing.
USCL's physical therapy clinic, in operation since 2002, is one of three remaining health services programs at USCL, along with the university's cardiopulmonary and cancer rehabilitation clinics.
Lancaster County School District officials placed a Buford Middle School teacher on administrative leave Thursday, Feb. 20, pending an investigation of allegations she had improper communications with students.
Bryan Vaughn, district safety director, confirmed independent reports of the disciplinary matter to The Lancaster News on Friday, Feb. 21.
However, Vaughn said he could neither discuss details of the case, nor confirm the teacher's identity, due to the district's personnel policy.
In an age of zero tolerance school weapons policies, is it appropriate for an elementary school to have a mascot that is itself a weapon?
This was the basic question at the center of a Lancaster County school board discussion at their Tuesday, Dec. 10, meeting over the appropriateness of the proposed Tomahawk mascot for Indian Land's new elementary school.
The discussion came during consideration to affirm the name, school colors and mascot for the Harrisburg Road school chosen by a naming committee as part of a process that began in September.
The hall of fame coaching career of Bennie "Coach Mac" McMurray is now in the books. McMurray, a 38-year coaching veteran who coached at four different schools, including his final stop at Lancaster High School, is retiring from coaching.
Lancaster County school board members, expressed nearly unanimous displeasure for a County Council proposal that would reduce potential school district revenue from "Project Vino" in favor of funding future economic development projects.
The reaction came during the board's monthly meeting Tuesday evening, Oct. 15, where district officials touted increased student participation in AP courses and issued a report on the district's move toward Common Core Standards.
By Chloe Gould
USC School of Journalism
Rows of first-graders sat cross-legged in their elementary school's library, chattering to kids in other classes in fits of nervous excitement.
They pulled on the laces in their sneakers and were reminded, time and time again, to keep their bottoms on the ground.
"If I see Cocky, I'm going to pee my pants," said one student at W.B. Goodwin Elementary School in North Charleston.
University of South Carolina
The University of South Carolina's expansion to three full semesters is underway, with classes beginning this week.
Officials say student response, particularly among juniors, has been strong to On Your Time: Summer at Carolina, a new program of summer courses offered over eight sessions that range from one to 12 weeks. Because of its flexible design, course registration for the later summer sessions is still open, allowing students to progress toward their degree and working toward the goal of graduating in four years.
With no real movement in Washington, D.C., toward avoiding the year-end "fiscal cliff," Lancaster County School District officials are preparing for the possibility of losing a significant chunk of federal funding next year.
The sequestration is a package of $109 billion in automatic, across-the-board federal spending cuts set to go into effect Jan. 1 should Congress and the White House fail to reach a budget deal before then to reduce the federal deficit by $1.2 trillion.
Copyright © 2017
The Lancaster News is your source for local news, sports, events, and information in Lancaster County and Lancaster, South Carolina, and the surrounding area..


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Should we split this up into more catergories i.e Multiplayer tips, for example? User:Night Sky Orion
- We did. 03:41, 18 January 2009 (UTC)
I don't get it on the tip" If you want to get sober easily, eat up a 69th Street Diner?" I'm confused. Can someone explain this to me? Is it when you're hanging out with friends or normal free mode? Fast Lane 04:00, 30 January 2009 (UTC)
How do I use public transportations? WhiteStar 12:25, August 12, 2011 (UTC)
If somebody doesn't fix the grammar in this article within the next 60 minutes, I will blow up a hospital.


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by Levi's
Order now to get it by: Saturday August 12 - Monday August 14
This product ships with limited tracking information, and may take longer than usual to be delivered.
Condition: New
Product ID: 223030
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More than 140 years after inventing the blue jean, one thing is clear: Levi's clothes are loved by the people who wear
them - from presidents to movie stars, farmers to fashion icons, entrepreneurs to the everyman. 'Live in Levi's' asserts
with confidence and pride that Levi's clothes are indeed for everybody who's not just anybody.


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Display your loved ones on the fridge while showing some team flair with this Chicago Bears Photo Frame Magnet Set!
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Roosevelt wrestled with Big Business, solved labor disputes, negotiated international treaties, and saved football.
The Roosevelt administration made similarly arbitrary decisions, Shlaes said, and that hurt markets in the long term.
What if it had been Roosevelt and not Harding who won in 1920?
When Roosevelt took office in 1931, he faced a banking crisis much like the one our next commander in chief will face.
In his first position in the Roosevelt administration, however, Kennedy acquitted himself ably.
"We must get rid of those lodging houses," said Mr. Roosevelt.
That is not all that is expected by the host of Roosevelt's friends.
I was reminded of this in reading the story President Roosevelt tells of a Colorado bear he once watched at close quarters.
Roosevelt shouted, without turning an instant from the business in hand.
Roosevelt bettered the advice by asking to have the Postmaster General called before the committee at the same time as himself.
the family in America originally bore the name Van Roosevelt, "of the field of roses," descriptive of their estates in Holland. Claes Martenszen Van Rosenvelt, born August 1649, emigrated to New Amsterdam. His son (1653) and all his descendants dropped the "Van." Related: Rooseveltian.


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These heated socks generated the greatest warmth and were the most comfortable to wear in tests performed by the Hammacher Schlemmer Institute. The socks reached a maximum temperature of 131� F, easily surpassing the 122� F generated by the closest competitor. A rechargeable lithium-ion battery and ultra-thin heating element provide up to 10 hours of warmth on the lowest of four heat settings, compared with 7 1/2 hours of warmth and limited heat control found on lesser models. Unlike inferior socks that slid down and bunched at the ankles, these lightweight socks fit comfortably, leading one panelist to comment "I could barely tell there were wires." According to panelists, the socks "felt silky and were comfortable to wear" thanks to a nylon/Lycra/polyester fabric that also wicks away moisture. The lightweight battery packs can be clipped to a belt or strapped to each leg and require a three-hour charge from the included AC charger. Black/Red. (1 3/4 lbs.)
Lifetime Guarantee
The Best Heated Socks come with The Hammacher Schlemmer Lifetime Guarantee. If this product ever disappoints you, for any reason, you may return your Hammacher Schlemmer purchase for exchange, credit, or refund.
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Fresh off tying for 29th to lead the Cardinal at the NCAA Women's Golf Championships, Stackhouse had a weekend to rejuvenate. Stackhouse capped off her freshman season with eight top-10 finishes, including two collegiate titles, and a 72.0 stroke average in 32 rounds of competition. Earlier this spring she shot a 10-under 61 for a collegiate and course record at the Peg Barnard Invitational, where she won her first tournament and managed to shoot a 26 in the front nine. This marks Stackhouse's second Women's Open start. In 2011 at age 17, Stackhouse shot rounds of 75-71 for an overall 146, winning a two-woman playoff to earn one of three last available qualifying spots at the 66th U.S. Women's Open at The Broadmoor in Colorado Springs, Colo.
BACK IN FIRST . . . Stanford has reclaimed the top spot in one of the closest Learfield Sports Directors' Cup races. The Cardinal finished first in women's tennis, second in women's water polo, ninth in women's lacrosse, 13th in women's golf and 33rd in men's tennis. The Cardinal has 1233.00 total points. Michigan fell to second in the standings and currently has 1003.25 total points. The Wolverines finished ninth in women's tennis and 33rd in men's tennis.
IN THE POOL . . . Gunn High grad Brandon Johnson was among the 15 players named to the men's U.S. Senior National Team in water polo for the FINA World League Super Final, which will be contested in Chelyabinsk, Russia beginning June 11. Johnson, head coach of the Palo Alto High boys' team, will be joined by Stanford grad Janson Wigo, Cardinal junior Alex Bowen and Stanford freshman Bret Bonnani. The U.S. took first place at the FINA World League Prelims, which concluded Monday in Los Alamitos. The U.S. Women's Senior National Team team opens FINA World League Super Finals on Saturday with a game against host China in Beijing. The Americans also meet Russia and Hungary in preliminary play. Sacred Heart Prep grad KK Clark, Stanford grad Lolo Silver, Stanford seniors Annika Dries and Melissa Seidemann, Cardinal sophomore Kiley Neushul and freshman teammate Maggie Steffens are all playing for the national team.


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October 12, 2006
Dear FOS11 Member,
You are invited to attend a screening of the film Last Best Chance on Friday, October 20th at Columbia University. The Saltzman Institute for War and Peace Studies (SIWPS) will present a screening of the film, followed by a short question & answer session with terrorism expert and SIPA Professor Reid Sawyer.
Date: October 20, 2006 from 12:30 pm to 2:00 pmLocation: Columbia University Morningside Heights International Affairs Building, Room 1118Contact: Steve Perez, email@example.com
Last Best Chance is a docudrama that shows the threat posed by vulnerable nuclear weapons and materials around the world and underscores what the stakes are. In the movie, al Qaeda operatives organize three separate operations aimed at getting nuclear weapons. The material is then fabricated into three crude nuclear weapons by small groups of trained terrorists, who have recruited bomb-making experts to help them manufacture their weapons.
Governments around the world discover clues to the plot, but are unable to uncover the scheme before the weapons are en route to their destinations. The film clearly demonstrates that the hardest job for terrorists is gaining control of a nuclear weapon or material. Because the governments had failed to take sufficient action to secure or destroy the nuclear weapons material, they are helpless to prevent an attack. The film stars Fred Thompson and features an epilogue moderated by Tom Brokaw.
If you want to learn more about the work Families of September 11 and NTI are doing to prevent nuclear terrorism, please visit www.saferworld.org and help us as we are "Turning the D into an A".


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Quick update,
So I found out it will find the pin if its in the word list twice.
What is even stranger is if I delete the second entry from the word list it still works until I make a new text document and don't use the key twice.
This is obviously a bit of a problem as all word lists only use a word once per line (I think). Also copying a word list to run through twice is double the maximum time and not a good solution. If anyone has an idea of why it may be behaving like this let me know!
Thank you!


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Pioneers Care Reporting System
Pioneers CARE (Communicate, Assess, Refer, Educate) outreach program helps find solutions for students experiencing academic, social and crisis situations including mental health concerns. Members of the University community can submit a Pioneers CARE report for a student who might benefit from services. We review these reports to understand each student issue and the on- and off-campus resources that may guide them to success.
When working with students, try identifying signs or stressors. These signs may include but are not limited to:
- Academic difficulty
- Difficulties with family/home environment
- Difficulties with adjusting to the college experience
- Excessive or unexplained absences
- Financial concerns
- Mental health issues
- Physical health issues
- Relationship issues
- Self-harm concerns
- Unable to locate a student
- Witness to an incident
If you know of a student who is experiencing any of the above signs or stressors, we encourage you to submit a Pioneers CARE report through the online reporting system:
A note about confidentiality:
As a part of this process, we work very hard to maintain confidentiality for students so they trust the work we're doing. As a result, if you submit a report, we don't generally report back or communicate with you about the details of how we'll be working with individual students.
A Pioneers CARE report is not for emergencies. If there is an immediate threat to a student (either through self-harm or interpersonal violence) or the community, please call Campus Safety at 303-871-3000, or if dialing from a campus phone, 1-3000.
If you have a concern about our reporting process, please contact the Pioneers CARE administrator.


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Here's a new way for kitty to travel in style! It's The Mommy Bus — beep, beep! This soft carrier has a top opening for easy access, plus the front window unzips, too. There are two large, zippered storage pockets on the sides and all four wheels are little zippered pouches for extra storage. It has two carry handles and an adjustable shoulder strap. The Mommy Bus measures 15″ long and 13″ tall, accommodating pets up to 15 lbs.
These cute kitties seem to enjoy riding in The Mommy Bus. Check out the adorable black cat in the video below, but please don't blame me if the catchy little theme song sticks in your head all day. (If you can't see the video below in your email, click here to watch it on the site.)
One lucky reader is going to win their very own Mommy Bus! Be the first on your block to have one! To enter, please leave a comment on this post. The winner will be chosen in a random drawing on January 11. One entry per person. This giveaway is limited to addresses in the US and Canada.