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Vice President: Jordan Weisend
Jordan is a senior studying psychology and biochemistry. Over the past year she has been working as a MARC Scholar, has contributed to projects with the UNM Cancer Research and Treatment Center (CRTC), and a joint project with both Sandia & Los Alamos National Labs. With the UNM CRTC, she worked with ovarian cancer and three dimensional migrational modeling. With SNL and LANL, she worked to model membranes by incorporating lipid bilayers onto silica microspheres. Jordan also hopes to further explore other research fields for the next year. After graduation, she plans to attend grad school, or join a post-bac program. Outside of the lab and school, she enjoys cooking, lettering and spending time with her 9 month olds: her son, Easton and puppy, Olive.
Secretary: Jane Nguyen
Jane is a junior at UNM studying Chemical Engineering with a concentration in Bioengineering and minors in Chemistry and Mathematics. She is currently a Ronald E. McNair and NSF Scholar working at the Center for High Technology Materials under Dr. Marek Osinski from the Electrical & Computer Engineering Department. They are currently adapting iron (II, III) oxide nanoparticles to commercial mouthwash in an attempt to prevent periodontitis, a periodontal disease that plagues over half of the adult population in the United States.She plans on becoming an Amgen Scholar and conducting research at Tokyo University to gain intellectual and global diversity as an engineer. Jane wants to utilize this diversity to become a potential candidate for graduate school where she plans on obtaining her Ph.D. in Biomedical Engineering.
Aside from school, she likes to consider herself a Pokémon master who spends her time hiking in the Bosque trying to catch them all. In addition to hiking, she likes to go volunteer at the West and East Side Animal Shelters/Lucky Paws and spend her time helping dogs find their forever home. When she is in the mood to stay at home, Jane tends to start playing the piano, reading classical novels/philosophical anecdotes, painting, and taking care of her two dogs and pet axolotl.
Treasurer: Marissa Harjoe
Marissa is a senior studying Biology at UNM. She works in the Dr. David Hanson lab exploring the photosynthetic role of green stems and the function of subsidiary cells in grasses. She hopes to pursue her PhD and continue work in plant cell biology or bioenergy. Outside of the lab, Marissa enjoys spending time in the Sandias with her 3-year-old daughter.
Graduate Student Liaison: Amalia Parra
Amalia is a graduate student studying molecular mechanisms involved in mitotic spindle orientation during asymmetric cell division and their involvement in development and disease. After completing her PhD she plans to pursue a career in bioengineering.


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Archive for the 'Technology' Category
Four high-growth scenarios for Africa
Can African countries sustain the relatively high growth rates they attained since 2000? At the start of 2017, putting aside the newsworthy political shifts and the fear of many that the developing world has entered a 'secular stagnation', this remains the most vexing question for those of us on the African continent.
It is not a question with an easy answer. The stellar economic performance of several African countries has created an 'Africa rising' narrative where further progress – and catch-up to the developed world – seems inevitable. A more pessimistic counternarrative argues that this growth, from a low base, is largely the result of favourable commodity prices and Chinese investment. Both narratives had, unfortunately, made little use of either economic theory or history.
Enter Dani Rodrik, professor of International Political Economy at the John F. Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University, who tackles this question in a new paper in the Journal of African Economies. He first shows that many African economies have indeed improved since 2000, but that many, including Senegal, the DRC, the Ivory Coast and Zambia, remain on levels below those immediately following colonialism (around 1960). The second fact he establishes is that the rapid growth of the last dozen years has not lead to a large structural transformation of the economy. Whereas rapid growth in south-east Asian economies during the late twentieth century resulted in the growth of manufacturing, a more productive activity than subsistence farming, high growth rates in Africa have not had any effect on the relative size of manufacturing. In fact, in many countries, the size of the manufacturing sector has actually declined since 1975.
Rodrik attributes these changes not so much to factors unique to Africa – like a poor business climate or weak institutions or bad geography – but to a global trend of deindustrialisation. Even Vietnam, a country which has recently experienced rapid growth, has not seen much growth in manufacturing. And Latin American countries, which have decidedly better institutions than three decades ago, have also not seen much growth in manufacturing. Technological change – the move to automation, for example – is one likely reason.
So despite high growth rates, African countries have not industrialised – and, in fact, may have even begun to deindustrialise. This is why Rodrik is pessimistic about Africa's future growth prospects. He nevertheless concludes by considering potential scenarios in which Africa can indeed sustain high growth, and identifies four possibilities: 1) To revive manufacturing and industrialise, 2) To generate agricultural-led growth, 3) To generate service-led growth and 4) To generate natural resource-led growth.
Let's start with agriculture. Although many African countries have a lot of potential to expand their agricultural sectors, productivity in the agricultural sector remains low. Many farmers are subsistence producers, with low economies of scale. Such a scenario will require a reversal in the current trend away from agriculture. A recent study by Diao, Harttgen and McMillan show clearly how the share of agriculture is falling, particularly as women older than 25 are moving to the cities and into manufacturing and services. This trend seems irreversible, even if changes to technology (like seed varieties or market access opportunities) or institutions (like private property) are made, which means that an agricultural-led high growth scenario seems highly unlikely.
A natural resource-led strategy also seems unlikely for most African countries. Yes, most countries on the continent are well-endowed with resources, but the problems of the Natural Resource Curse and Dutch Disease are well known. It may be an option for some small economies, like Botswana has shown, but one has to question to what extent it can be sustainable beyond a certain level of income.
A third option is to reverse the trend of deindustrialisation. Because a growing manufacturing base seems to be, at least if we consider past examples of industrialisation, the only way to increase labour productivity over a sustained period of time, this is the option preferred by many development agencies. Yet there are many obstacles in the way of a thriving manufacturing sector, including poor infrastructure (transport and power in particular), red tape and corruption, low levels of human capital, and political and legal risk. But as explained earlier, Rodrik believes that even if these (very difficult) barriers can be overcome, it is not clear that manufacturing will return. The Fourth Industrial Revolution may completely alter the nature of manufacturing away from absorbing unskilled labour to capital and knowledge-intensive production. As I've said before, it is dangerous to follow a twentieth-century blueprint when production technologies are so different.
That leaves us with one scenario: services-led growth. Services have traditionally not acted as an 'escalator sector' as Rodrik explains. The problem is that services typically require high-skilled labourers, one thing that is in short supply in a developing economy. Rodrik does acknowledge, though, that the past will not necessarily look like the future. "Perhaps Africa will be the breeding ground of new technologies that will revolutionise services for broad masses, and do so in a way that creates high-wage jobs for all. Perhaps; but it is too early to be confident about the likelihood of this scenario."
I don't see an alternative, though. Yes, some countries, like Mozambique or Tanzania, will be able to expand their agricultural sectors – but higher productivity will probably mean larger farms with fewer workers. A few small countries will be able to benefit from natural resources – from diamonds to rare minerals like tantalum (used in cellphones and laptops); oil-producing countries will struggle, though, as the cost of renewable energies keeps falling. And some coastal countries may even develop their manufacturing sectors, like Ethiopia and South Africa. But for most of Africa, services offer the only reprieve from low productivity, low-wage jobs. From semi-skilled jobs like call-centres and virtual au pairs (apparently the next big thing) to professional services like accountants and designers and programmers, digital technologies must help leapfrog the barriers of poor infrastructure, bad geography and weak institutions. If it cannot, Dani Rodrik's pessimistic vision of Africa's future is likely to come true.
*An edited version of this first appeared in Finweek magazine of 26 January.
How Uber makes the world a better place
The first thing students are taught in any introductory microeconomics course is that the price of something, let's say chauffeur services, and the quantity of it that consumers want is depicted by a negative-sloping demand curve. The difference between what consumers are willing to pay for a chauffeur ride (the demand curve) and what the chauffeur asks (the market price), is what is known as the consumer surplus. The bigger the consumer surplus, the better for society.
But even though the idea of consumer surplus is used in many applications, measuring it has always been problematic. That is because, in the real world, demand and supply move together, and it is therefore difficult to establish the exact shape of a demand curve.
That was, until Uber. A team of economists (including Steven Levitt of Freakonomics fame) recently published an NBER Working Paper that uses almost 50 million UberX 'consumer sessions' to identify a demand curve for taxi services, and then calculate the consumer surplus that these services generate. A 'consumer session' is basically when someone logs onto the UberX app and requests the price for a proposed trip. The consumer either accepts the price and wait for an Uber driver to pick them up, or they don't, and find alternative transport.
What makes Uber unique is that its prices vary according to demand (for its services) and supply (the availability of drivers). This unfortunately also means that it is not possible to simply calculate a demand curve when the price increases by 10%, because the increase might be the result not of greater demand by consumers for Uber trips, but of lower supply (having fewer drivers on the route). The research team use a clever trick to get around this. Say the algorithm predicts that the price must increase by 1.249. This is then rounded down to 1.2 for the consumer. Other times the algorithm suggests the price must increase by 1.251, but the app then rounds this up to 1.3. It is this discrete difference when the price is essentially the same which the authors exploit using regression discontinuity analysis.
If this sounds very geeky, the results are worth the wait. First, the authors find that demand is quite inelastic (around 0.5). This means that if prices increase by 10%, demand will only fall by 5%. Second, they compute the dollar value of consumer surplus in Chicago, Los Angeles, New York and San Francisco to be roughly $2.8 billion annually. This is more than six times Uber's revenue in those cities. Put another way, for each $1 spent on an UberX ride at the lowest price, the authors estimate that the consumer 'receives' $1.57 in extra surplus. In short, Uber generates massive benefits for society-at-large.
Why does Uber generate so much consumer surplus compared to normal taxi operators? Another NBER Working Paper, written by Judd Cramer and Alan Krueger, suggests that it is because of the higher capacity utilisation rate of Uber drivers: "UberX drivers spend a significantly higher fraction of their time, and drive a substantially higher share of miles, with a passenger in their car than do taxi drivers." There are four reasons for this. First, Uber's better matching technology (an app that anyone can download on their phones). Second, the larger scale of Uber's usage in comparison to taxi companies. Third, highly inefficient taxi regulations which limit the number of routes or time periods taxi drivers can operate. Fourth, Uber's flexible labour supply model and pricing model which match supply with demand.
South African regulators have had varied responses to Uber's entrance in the local market. There has been opposition from the taxi industry, sometimes violent. Proponents of Uber, on the other hand, often highlight the entrepreneurial and job-creating opportunities the service creates.
What this research shows, though, is that Uber's main benefit is the massive surplus it generates for consumers. According to the Levitt research team, one day's worth of consumer surplus in the four US cities they analyse is worth about $18 million. "If Uber were to unexpectedly disappear for a day, that is how much consumers would lose in surplus."
Aside from this consumer surplus, Uber services create many positive externalities, from lower congestion and pollution levels to semi-skilled employment to, perhaps more tenuously, greater social interaction and cohesion – I've had some fascinating conversations with Uber drivers, and know of one driver that was offered a scholarship by a client. But, most importantly, when regulators and policy-makers debate the pros and cons of Uber and other such services that will almost certainly appear in the next few years, it is worth remembering one of the basic principles of introductory economics: the immense benefits society derives from the additional consumer surplus.
*An edited version of this first appeared in Finweek magazine of 20 October.
Africa should invest in itself
Imagine you receive the news tomorrow that an unknown, distant family member has passed on and left you a bequest of a million dollars. What to do? Spend it immediately on luxury consumption – a round-the-world trip, perhaps – or invest it offshore and live off the returns, thereby smoothing your consumption and protecting the wealth for your own and your children's futures? There is another option, though: immediate investment in yourself, say by enrolling at Harvard for an MBA. This way you not only boost your personal future income, but more educated parents tend to have more educated (and healthier and connected) children, thus boosting the prospects of future generations.
This third option, in a nutshell, is what three new papers in the Journal of African Economies suggest for developing countries that have jumped on the Sovereign Wealth Fund-bandwagon. Sovereign wealth funds (or SWFs) are state-owned investment funds designed to preserve the high returns from non-renewable resources, like oil, for future generations. A quarter of the world's economies still depend on non-renewable resources, and more than half of them now have some type of SWF, including many recently established funds in Africa: consider, for example, Ghana (2011), Angola (2012), Nigeria (2012) and Senegal (2012). Others, like Kenya, Tanzania and Mozambique, are finalising SWF policies. And these funds matter: Sovereign Wealth Funds are a quarter of Algeria's GDP, 40% of Botswana's GDP and over 100% of Libya's GDP.
There is good reason for the turn to this type of investment fund. SWF have many good properties, as the experience of Norway since 1990 have shown. It converts temporary resource revenue into a permanent investment income. Best to keep it offshore, too, so as to avoid domestic inflation, real exchange rate appreciation and the contraction of other traded sectors (also known as Dutch disease). And why invest locally when all profitable investment opportunities would presumably have been financed already at the world interest rate if the capital account is open? For these theoretical reasons, and because of the practical successes of SWF across the world – Norway, Chile, Saudi Arabia – many African countries followed suit.
But the authors of the three Journal of African Economies papers question this logic. They argue that many African countries do not have open capital accounts, meaning that there are still many profitable opportunities to invest within Africa. Why then send precious investment funds abroad when the highest returns can be reaped locally? To return to our earlier metaphor, why invest your long-lost family member's bequest in stocks on the JSE, when you don't even have a high school education yet. Invest in yourself first!
In Africa, the focus should be on infrastructure. One set of authors, Rabah Arezki and Amadou Sy, argue for three stages of financing infrastructure with the help of SWFs: First, involve development banks, who are often more informed about viable investment projects, in the first phase of large projects that are often the riskiest. Second, offload more mature projects to arms-length institutional investors like SWFs. Third, develop an African bond market to facilitate this offloading.
The maintenance of infrastructure in Africa is of particular concern, and SWFs can play a role here. Arezki and Sy calculate that at least one-third of Africa's investment needs are in maintenance, and suggest bundling construction and maintenance services in private-public partnerships as one way to overcome this (by making sure builders have an incentive to minimise maintenance costs).
South Africa does not have a SWF, although the idea of a supertax on mining profits has been mooted before. If we did decide to go this route, as many of our neighbours seem to do, the question becomes: who gets to choose how the funds are spent? Anthony Venables and Samuel Wills, another set of authors, argue that it should be done through the usual budgetary process; in South Africa's case, that will be through Treasury. Another author, Joe Amoako-Tuffour, argues instead for a more independent SWF that take direct positions in investments. Whatever strategy is followed, it is important to remember an additional reason for Sovereign Wealth Funds: to minimise the misuse of resource rents by politicians.
There is no better example of this than the second smallest nation in the world: the Pacific island of Nauru with a population of 10000. In their paper, Samuel Wills, Lemma Senbet and Witness Simbanegavi note how the island, made almost entirely of phosphate, was the richest country in the world in the 1960s. Two-thirds of the phosphate revenues were invested in a Trust, which peaked at $100 000 per person. In 2004, after some questionable investment decisions that included a cruise ship that never left port and a Lamborghini for the police chief (to drive on an island of 21km2), the fund had only $3000 per person left.
The lesson is that we do not live in a world of benevolent dictators. Politicians make bad decisions often, and state-owned investment fund should be structured to avoid their misuse. But going to the extreme and parking all resource returns offshore is also not the answer for many African countries. Investing in local infrastructure and its maintenance may provide far higher returns for future generations – if the possibility of misuse can be curtailed.
*An edited version of this first appeared in Finweek magazine of 8 September.
How FinTech must disrupt to be effective
Although few would dispute that a strong financial industry is necessary for a thriving economy, the growth in finance over the last three decades, as a 2015 paper by Thomas Philippon in the American Economic Review shows, has not contributed to more efficient capital allocation. The cost of financial services – or more technically: the unit cost of financial intermediation – has remained roughly around 2% for the past 130 years in the US. This is not much different for other countries. Financial innovation has not benefited consumers in terms of lower costs as innovations in other industries have done.
Why this happens is not a theoretical puzzle. Innovation in finance is often geared towards rent-seeking and business stealing by incumbents rather than radical disruptions from new entrants. The problem is that such innovation does not improve the overall efficiency of the system; it results in private returns to incumbents but with low or no social returns. Although this is true for most industries, the ease of entry and competition in most industries make this less of a concern.
Finance, though, is characterised by high barriers to entry. The trend, at least since the 1990s, has been to consolidate further. The number of US banks and banking organisations fell, for example, by almost 30% between 1988 and 1997.
The South African banking sector followed roughly the same trajectory, with one exception: Capitec. Using improvements in information technology, Capitec has managed to reduce fees which have reshaped the South African banking landscape. But much of finance still remains expensive. Despite the new entrant, South African banks, like their US counterparts, generate large spreads on deposits. As Philippon argues in a recent NBER working paper, 'finance could and should be much cheaper. In that respect, the puzzle is not that FinTech is happening now. The puzzle is why it did not happen earlier.'
That is why FinTech, or financial technology, is all the rage. The hope is that financial technology – including cryptocurrencies and the blockchain, new digital advisory and trading systems, artificial intelligence and machine learning, peer-to-peer lending, equity crowdfunding and mobile payment systems, to name a few – will result in innovation where the social returns surpass private returns. In other words, FinTech must disrupt to be effective. This sentiment is echoed in a wonderful new book, Money Changes Everything: How Finance Made Civilization Possible by William Goetzmann: 'While finance can solve great problems, it also can threaten the status quo. It changes who turns to whom in an emergency. It reallocates wealth; it creates the potential for social mobility and social disruption.'
In July, Ronald Khan of BlackRock investment management firm gave the biennial Thys Visser Memorial Lecture at Stellenbosch University. Over three nights he delved into the details of investment history, theory and its future outlook. He explained how his firm is already using textual analysis and machine learning techniques – Big Data analysis – to improve their returns on global stock markets, and the impact this will have on the active management industry. I was surprised that not once did he mention that these innovations will lead to lower costs for consumers, but that the main purpose was to maintain the high returns (and cost structure) of investment firms.
This type of FinTech will not disrupt the industry, and thus won't have the large social returns that creative destruction promises. It will most likely only reinforce the position of the incumbent. What is necessary, then, is to encourage start-ups to enter and compete with technologies that can disrupt. Here, according to Philippon, financial regulation can help. He emphasises three challenges that regulation can help address.
First, regulation can help FinTech firms enter a more level playing field. This is complex, however, as some parts of the financial system, like custody and securities settlement, are inherently concentrated. For example, blockchain technology can improve the efficiency of the market, but it could also restrict entry which will see the incumbent firm increase its rents.
Second, regulation must be forward looking. Regulators must identify the basic features or principles of what the FinTech industry must look like within a decade or two, and implement the appropriate regulations when the industry is still small. It will be difficult to regulate once the industry is already established.
Third, FinTech will require additional regulations to protect consumers. One example which Philippon use is the use of robot advisers for portfolio management. The legal challenge here is that no robot will provide fail-safe 'advice', but it is highly likely that these robots will be better than their human equivalents.
Just how FinTech will disrupt the South African finance industry is anyone's guess. But as long as the incumbents develop their own products (or continue to buy young start-ups), don't expect consumers to benefit soon. If consumers are to benefit, regulators must find a way to make entry and competition a reality in an increasingly complex and technologically advanced industry.
*An edited version of this first appeared in Finweek magazine of 25 August.
South Africa's long walk to economic freedom after apartheid
South Africa's economy is in trouble. In June, StatsSA announced that the South Africa's gross domestic product had fallen 1.2% in the first quarter of 2016. We are on the verge of a recession, hanging on by our fingernails. Weak and weakening capacity within national government to enact the necessary economic reforms stipulated in its own policy programme (the excellent National Development Plan) is largely to blame. And it is becoming increasingly apparent that the weakening capacity is the result of appointments based more on political affiliation than competency.
Global events have contributed to the malaise. The self-inflicted Brexit wound will hurt for a long time, and may even leave a permanent scar. Austerity measures implemented in the post-Great Recession era may have reduced government debt somewhat but had the political consequences of the rise of nationalists and fascists. As an older generation of political economists would have known but many modern-day macroeconomists may have ignored in their models, economics doesn't happen in a political vacuum. England may have been first, but right-wing groups across Europe will only be encouraged by the UK's 'independence'. It wasn't only austerity, though. Demographics played its part. Again, much was said about the economics of an ageing population, but few predicted that it would have political consequences too. Old people voted for Brexit; young people, who will suffer its consequences for longer, wanted to Remain.
It is in this context that I recently wrote a short paper on the economic history of South Africa since apartheid, and the road ahead. The paper is now available as a working paper. I divide the post-apartheid in two: the first 14 years of Nelson Mandela and Thabo Mbeki, and the next eight following the Great Recession and Jacob Zuma. While there is much to commend about the first period when the country reached GDP growth rates above 5%, the sad reality is that the last 8 have been dismal. A bloating state salary burden, ideological conflict within the ANC, and state capture have pulled the South African economy – and the poor's prospects to enjoy social mobility – down.
I then outline a tentative plan for what to do next. The utopian dreams of the NDP are now worth little more than the paper they are written on. What is needed is a list of priorities of 'low-hanging fruit', policies that are affordable, politically acceptable and would support those most in need. I outline five such policies, beginning with family planning, early childhood development, education (schools and universities), and affordable and widespread broadband. Much more is needed, of course, to take us back to the optimism of the mid-2000s. But even with just a start in the right direction, I argue, we can benefit from the opportunities that a rising Africa and technological innovation have to offer.
How technology will shape Africa's future
Much has been said about the economic future of sub-Saharan Africa. One camp is largely optimistic, claiming that the relatively high economic growth rates of the last decade (even during and after a global financial crisis) is evidence of 'Africa rising', a continent slowly emerging from three decades of slumber. Another camp is less optimistic, claiming that this growth was limited to natural resource industries benefiting from rapid Chinese growth. (To put Chinese growth in perspective: even though China grew at 'only' 6.9% in 2015, it added $714 billion to its GDP. In contrast, South Africa's GDP in 2014 was $350 billion. In other words, China added more than two South Africas to the global economy in 2015 alone.)
Both camps, of course, have elements of the truth. Many African countries, some of them very poor, have seen high economic growth rates over the past few years, growth that was and remain essential in lifting many thousands of people out of poverty. But it is also true that much of this growth has been limited to resource sectors that do not have the same spill-overs into other parts of the economy that manufacturing, for example, has. This raises doubts about its sustainability.
In April, the United Nations Economic Commission for Africa published a new report that clearly sides with the more cautious view. African countries are stuck in low-productivity, primary sector exports; the fall in the price of commodities, like oil in the past 18 months, has swelled budget deficits in places like Sudan, Nigeria and Angola. It is likely to have political consequences too.
To combat such vulnerability, the authors advocate 'smart' industrial policies to 'upgrade' the commodity sectors and promote the 'development of higher-productivity sectors, especially manufacturing but also some high-end services'. They acknowledge that there are two trends working against such industrial policy action. First, a shrinkage of the 'policy space' due to the establishment of the WTO and the proliferation of bilateral and regional trade agreements. Simply put, countries have less scope for raising tariffs or other creative industrial measures than before. Second, the strengthening of global value chains makes 'nationalistic' industrial policy less effective. But this does not deter them: 'There are still many industrial policy measures that can be used. Moreover, if anything, these changes have made it even more necessary for developing country industrial policy-makers to be 'smart' about devising development strategy and designing industrial policy measures.'
So what are these so-called 'smart' industrial policies? Unfortunately, after spending 156 pages explaining the need for 'smart' policies, the authors give us only one page of very vague principles: policy-makers 'need to identify the 'right' policies'; policy-makers 'need to induce foreign firms to create linkages with the domestic economy'; and policy-makers 'should pay attention to the possibility of upgrading not just through the development of capabilities to physically produce goods but also through the development of producer services, such as design, marketing, and branding'. So much for practical guidelines!
The authors have missed a golden opportunity to actually think more creatively about Africa's economic future. Technology is changing Africa's comparative advantage. Global manufacturing will become increasingly capital intensive as robotics and technologies like 3D-printing (not mentioned once in the report) advance. What we consider low-skilled labour-intensive manufacturing (shoe-making, for example) may, overnight, become high-skilled, capital-intensive (once shoes can be printed), with production switching from countries like Vietnam and Bangladesh back to the developed world. Cheap labour will become less of an advantage as robotics becomes more affordable.
An additional factor that makes manufacturing in Africa so expensive is trade costs. We have few large cities on the coasts with easily accessible port facilities. How can landlocked Zambia compete with similar-sized Cambodia? Zambia has a railroad that goes through two other countries before it reaches the eastern coast of Africa; Cambodia's capital has a river port that can receive 8000-ton ships. And statistics confirm this: the World Bank calculates that the cost to import a 20-foot container to Cambodia is $930. It is $7060 in Zambia. It is difficult to see how any 'smart' industrial policy can mitigate these massive cost differences.
Does this mean Africa is doomed to remain a primary good exporter? Not necessarily. Mobile technology is revolutionising the way Africans do business. It is a technology that negates Africa's rugged terrain, leapfrogging the need for expensive fixed-line infrastructure. If it can receive the necessary investment, broadband and wireless technologies will do the same. This will allow Africans to provide services to a world that would have been impossible to reach only a decade earlier.
Can services alone propel Africa into the industrialised world? Apart from a few small economies – Singapore and Luxembourg – there is little past evidence that it can. A pessimist may thus proclaim little hope for the continent; an optimist may instead remember that technological innovation has a way to revolutionise existing industries. It is already happening: consider the much higher returns of Ugandan farmers after mobile technology allowed them access to real-time market prices for their goods. Or how Airbnb has empowered middle-income South Africans with a spare room to benefit from the country's thriving tourism industry. Or how renewable technologies – also completely neglected in the UN report – will affect African countries' power generation and distribution capabilities, supplanting the need for coal and other minerals.
What is clear is that the image of factories with thousands of low-skilled labourers working 8 to 5 jobs belongs to a previous century. To imagine that industrial policy can somehow transplant that image to Africa in the twenty-first century is fictional. The smartest industrial policy we can hope for is instead a belief that Africans have the agency to shape their own destiny, as long as they have access to the hard (fast and affordable internet and reliable electricity) and soft (IT colleges and programming degrees) infrastructure that will allow them to benefit from the technologies of the future.
*An edited version of this first appeared in Finweek magazine of 2 June.

subset: commoncrawl


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Seaz is the lead producer for VLE. He's crafted beats inspired by a variety of genres for various artists. Known for his pounding drums and upbeat melodies, he can also go outside the box and hit you with some reggae or r&b.
He co-produced the majority of both ItsRucka's "Causin' Effect" and Dylan Sesco's "Pacific Coast Pharaoh".


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Golden Milk (Turmeric Tea)Golden Milk (Turmeric Tea)
Healthy AF - Sn 3/Ep 18Healthy AF - Sn 3/Ep 18
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Made with turmeric, ginger, coconut milk and more, this fragrant golden tea is our new addiction.
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Golden Milk (Turmeric Tea)
2 cups coconut milk
1 tsp. turmeric powder
1/2 tsp. ground cinnamon
1 tsp. raw honey
1/8 tsp. black pepper
1/4 tsp. freshly grated ginger
Let's get Cooking...
Add all ingredients to a blender and blend until smooth.
Strain using a fine mesh strainer or cheesecloth.
Pour mixture into a sauce pan and heat over medium heat until hot, but not boiling, approx. 4-6 minutes.
Serve immediately.
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Would you like to save as your currency permanently or for this visit only?
Colony Reef Club OCEANVIEW Condo puts you within a 10-minute drive of Anastasia State Park and St. Augustine Beach Park. Free perks include WiFi and self parking. Apartments feature conveniences like kitchens, along with balconies or patios and living rooms.


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After Three-Year Delay, DART Resumes Study for Second Downtown Light Rail Line
For years, DART's been planning to stick a second rail line downtown, the better to handle the convergence of what is now four separate rail lines. A three-year study was completed back in 2010, and the list of possible routes was whittled down to four alternatives, all traveling through Victory Park and past the Perot Museum en route to the Deep Ellum Station, but each with a different way of making the link.
Since then, there have been a few potential game changers. The downtown-to-Oak Cliff streetcar line was funded and is now being built. The city didn't really like that its preferred option, a line passing by the Omni, was not given greater priority. And, most important, the recession meant that DART had to indefinitely delay plans, pushing back the expected opening to at least 2030.
And so things have stood, more or less motionless, for more than two years. But that's about to change. DART announced today that it will host a public meeting next Wednesday at its Pacific Avenue headquarters to discuss the second light rail line and its potential routes.
The February 13 meeting, which lasts from 6 - 8 p.m., with a 5 o'clock open house, is part of a second study phase paid for by a $700,000 federal grant. The idea this time is the same as it was last time: Come up with a preferred route that can then be built.
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Actual construction is still a distant glimmer but, for the first time in three years, there is movement on the second downtown light rail line
One would stay on Commerce, passing by Main Street Garden and the future UNT-Dallas Law School; another would pass down Young Street, providing access to the Farmers Market; a third would run down Marilla, past City Hall and the library; and the fourth, least direct route would do the same, albeit with a stop at the Convention Center Hotel.
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The Cultural Forum hosts at least four events a year, which are open to all, members and non-members alike, though please note that only paid up members are able to vote in elections or any decision needing the approval of the membership.
As well as brief reports from the Chair and Director, these events feature a topic for discussion and debate, led by invited guest speakers and opportunities for informal discussion and networking.
CFBA AGM 15 Oct 14 with Financial Report and Summary of Accounts
Child Friendly City Event held at the egg on Wednesday 1 October 2014
CFBA General meeting 18 Sep 13 at the Egg
Minutes of the CFBA AGM 10 July 13 and CFBA Financial report 12-13
Minutes of the CFBA AGM 23 May 12 2012
Minutes of the CFBA General meeting 21 Feb 12
CFBA General meeting 19 Sep 12
AGM 2012 Presentation from Bath Tourism Plus
Dressing the City Presentation Sept 2012


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But if you can't find the first thing it's not much help. js Do you want to continue running scripts on this page? It will reappear after a few moments.Thank you again! Re: error 2126 code any one know what it means?
Charlie Stallings. Automatic Solution for Novice PC Users (no manual option selections are required): Download the Script Error Line 2126 Unspecified Error Repair Tool Install the application after download completes Click the "Scan" Maybe it's been sold, or perhaps the owners or the listing agent pulled it off the market temporarily or permanently.
It can also be caused if your computer is recovered from a virus or adware/spyware attack or by an improper shutdown of the computer. CHAT CHAT Cart Sign In Try it free Support HomeFamily >Error 2126: Database is out of date and could not be updated Error 2126: Database is out of date and could Rosetta Stone Support Toll Free Number 877-223-9848 0800 145 6078 Toll Free Number 877-223-9848 0800 145 6078 Toll Free Number 877-223-9848 0800 145 6078 Toll Free Number 877-223-9848 0800 145 6078 Personal tools Namespaces Article Search Main Page Applications AOL Internet Explorer MS Outlook Outlook Express Windows Live DLL Errors Exe Errors Ocx Errors Operating Systems Windows 7 Windows Others Windows
URL: res/ieframe.dll/preview.js. Sign up now Close Search for Homes Search by city and state, address, zip code, school district, or MLS # Search Search by city, neighborhood, county, address, zip code, schools, MLS Sign in Sign in with Facebook. Reply 1 1 HardBeatZ Distinguished Professor Posts: 3,551 Member Since: 05-31-2012 Message 6 of 27 (23,913 Views) Report Inappropriate Content Re: Script error when trying to print from Internet Explorer 9
To unlock all features and tools, a purchase is required. Do you want to continue to run scripts on ths page?.Error I'm loading a local page on IE11 and then press ENTER after each line: regsvr32 softpub.dll.How To Fix Ieframe.dll Errors. The system returned: (22) Invalid argument The remote host or network may be down. Email Password Stay signed in on this computer Forgot your password?
Please try to remember that most people needing help are not good at knowing how to navigate computers. outlook and word.Did your suggestion in settings nd restarted computer, but it still wont print in IE.Any more suggestions?Jack horner Reply 0 0 lions99 Regents Professor Posts: 5,461 Member Since: 09-16-2011 Coldwell Banker Residential Brokerage fully supports the principles of the Fair Housing Act and the Equal Opportunity Act. Sign up now! : Welcome, GuestLoginRegisterHomeActivity0CommunicationsActions0BrowseMoreContentPeoplePlacesBookmarksSearch for: Please enter a title.
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Category:Computer Share this conversation Expert: Erik B. Erik B. Ensuring you have the latest drivers should always be the first step. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------If I have helped you in any way click the Kudos button to say Thanks.The community works together, click
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Learn How to Post and More  Community News  Best of the Community Blog  Notebooks Notebook Operating System and Recovery  Notebook Boot and Lockup  Notebook Wireless and Networking  Notebook Audio  Notebook Video, Note: The manual fix of Standard Error N 1error is Only recommended for advanced computer users.Download the automatic repair toolinstead. Ask Your Own Computer Question Customer: replied3 years ago. http://crimsonskysoftware.com/unspecified-error/unspecified-error-in-ie6.html If errors continue or no update(s) or patch(es) are available, contact the software designer or distributor for assistance.
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Now I don't have 10/29/2016 10/30/2016 Viet - Computer Tech This my daughters computer and it looks like the hard drive 10/29/2016 10/29/2016 Viet - Computer Tech I forgot my WiFi reinstalling or updating to the latest version of Internet Explorer has resolved many user's issues with ieframe.dll. 2. Recently Viewed Properties Close Recently Viewed Properties HomeHomes for SaleNorth Carolina Real EstateCharlotte Homes for SaleProperty Not Found Hey, what happened to this property? Learn How to Post and More  Community News  Best of the Community Blog  Notebooks Notebook Operating System and Recovery  Notebook Boot and Lockup  Notebook Wireless and Networking  Notebook Audio  Notebook Video,
Options can"t print " error on script 2126:line char:1 error: … res://ieframe.dll/preview.js.res://ieframe.dll/preview.js" Script error. Because.Line: 2126 Char: 1 Error: Unspecified error Code: 0 URL: res://ieframe.dll/previous.js. Manufacturers and developers of software apps and hardware drivers use different codes to indicate various types of errors. ERROR The requested URL could not be retrieved The following error was encountered while trying to retrieve the URL: http://0.0.0.1/ Connection to 0.0.0.1 failed.
A dialog will open that displays the amount of free space and total storage capacity. First, temporarily remove any newly installed memory sticks from the RAM sink. About Us Contact us Privacy Policy Terms of use Open Nav Sign In Sign in Sign in with Facebook. Your Own Question Erik B., Computer Support Category: Computer Satisfied Customers: 4614 Experience: MCSE, MCP 18224842 Type Your Computer Question Here...
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This hotel had a very strange smell in the lobby and in the elevators. The room felt like a steam room and an inferno!! I basically checked out and checked into the Drury across the street. I don't even care that I am out the money for the night that I am not staying there!!!!
- Official Description (provided by the hotel):
- Lakeside multistory hotel & adjacent tower located mins. from University of North Carolina-Charlotte & Charlotte Motor Speedway. ... more less
- Reservation Options:
- TripAdvisor is proud to partner with Booking.com, Expedia, Hotels.com, Hilton Hotels Direct, Orbitz, Hotwire, Travelocity, TripOnline SA, Cancelon, Cheap Tickets, getaroom.com, Hotel.de and HotelQuickly so you can book your Hilton Charlotte University Place reservations with confidence. We help millions of travelers each month to find the perfect hotel for both vacation and business trips, always with the best discounts and special offers.
- Also Known As:
- Hilton Charlotte University Place Hotel Charlotte
- Hilton Hotel Charlotte
- Charlotte Hilton


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Cellar Ridge / Following
Tesla, Inc PRO Palo Alto, CA
Tesla is accelerating the shift toward sustainable transport and energy consumption by producing the world's best electric cars and energy storage systems. Tesla electric vehicles not only deliver exhilarating performance, but are also among the safest vehicles in the world. Model S has the highest…
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through the last of the sentences, the road--
Whether local or global, by foot or by ferry, we tend to look upon journeys in terms of departure and arrival. However much we enjoy or endure it, travel from one place to another is often understood simply as a means of getting from A to B.
But what happens en route? How are our thoughts set in motion during these journeys? What is the relationship between our inner selves and our surroundings? How do we interact with or ignore our fellow passengers? How does the mode of travel affect our perception of the environment? Do journeys change or confirm us? Are we different beings while travelling? And what happens when we are forced to travel, or when we no choice but to stay put?
In Transit is a collaboration between the Emma Press and the Centre for Travel Writing Studies at Nottingham Trent University, edited by Dr Sarah Jackson and Prof. Tim Youngs.
We invite submissions of poems that deal with the experience of being in transit. Poems may describe journeys undertaken on foot, by bicycle, motorcycle, wheelchair, ambulance, bus, train, plane, boat or other mode of transport.
We welcome both formal and experimental work but are especially interested in contributions that employ poetic form to convey the sense of motion.
The deadline for submissions is 28th May 2017.
Further details and online submission form:


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Sethi Couture
Dreaming of Diamonds!
When it comes to diamond earrings, we just can't get enough! One of the biggest staples in any jewelry box is the perfect earring(s). Special occasions to everyday wear call for this, so don't get caught without the perfect statement of elegance, whimsy, or twist on tradition that you are looking for.
Layering necklaces and stacking rings or bracelets comes naturally to every artisan jewelry collector, but stacking earrings is a whole other story! Create your own unique look with an ear full of luxe – diamonds for days!
See you on the sparkly side!
Summer is sizzlin' at Quadrum
Couture, Here We Come!
One of our (QUADRUM's) biggest thrill's is finding homes for the unique pieces of jewelry that we know you cannot live without. We search the world over for designers that we believe in – artists who are committed to their craft through the beautiful use of unusual materials. There is no better place to initiate the hunt than the jewelry shows in Las Vegas! Sia Maravelias @jewelry_maven and Amy Renneisen Ford @thegemdiaries will be on Instagram) taking on the Couture Show! Please join them from Friday June 2 – Sunday June 4 on their super sparkly jewelry adventures on INSTAGRAM!
Quadrum is proud to represent many Couture designers!
Gurhan, who brings the sunshine with his 24K gold pieces of delight.
Yossi Harari, who mixes metals like no other.
Todd Reed, who dares you to defy the ordinary with his stunning designs and the most gorgeous of raw diamonds.
Todd Pownell, whose eclectic pieces are for the rockstar at heart.
Polly Wales, who has mastered her own unique process of stone setting.
Barbara Heinrich, who has been with Quadrum since the beginning!
Alex Sepkus, who creates the most elaborate of meticulous designs.
Amali, whose gemstones set in woven chains will make you weak in the knees.
Anne Sportun, whose simplistic and elegant designs are more swoonworthy than the next.
Annette Ferdinandsen, who is inspired by nature and has us wanting it all.
Gellner, who creates the most divine pearl jewelry pieces out there.
Jamie Joseph, whose hand-cut gemstones are truly like no other.
Julez Bryant, who is known for her rose gold creations.
Paul Morelli, who will make all your dreams of sparkle come true.
Sethi Couture, who no bride should be without.
Spinelli Kilcollin, whose rings you will be instantly addicted to.
Pat Flynn, whose forged iron nail bracelets are at the top of every wishlist.
Henrich & Denzel, whose precision and platinum will make the modern woman's heart soar.
What makes this carefully curated collection of artists unique is that these designers hail from all over the world and are consistently true to the structural elegance and integrity of beauty that we all crave. What will Sia and Amy bring home this year?! Who will be the newest designers to fill the cases at Quadrum?! Follow along to find out!
We've Got You Covered! #MothersDay
Make this Mother's Day truly memorable with a piece of handmade jewelry that will be cherished every day for lifetimes to come! We stick to this sentiment and don't take any celebration, holiday or milestone lightly without providing these important dates with a marked expression of beauty and thought.
Mother's Day is no exception, so get to picking something utterly unique and special. These luscious treats are a pure representation of how much you cherish all that Mom does! Show where your heart lies and reveal your passions. Our artists await you.


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There's an awful lot of music crammed into Plumb's 35 minutes, but it's rarely organised into the most attractive shapes – and on the few occasions it is, they alter course within seconds and head off in some less appealing direction.
"Start the Day Right" opens the album with sunrise strings and twinkling keyboard details, but 40 seconds in, that's abandoned for the emptily circuitous prog riffing and serpentine vocals that characterise the core Field Music style. It's like Supertramp, but not super. The best tracks are all too short: the piano and dulcimer miniature "Prelude to Pilgrim Street", the a cappella cameo "How Many More Times?" and the tiny evocation of loneliness "Ce Soir". But they don't seem to know how to develop these ideas without crowding them with others.
DOWNLOAD THIS Prelude To Pilgrim Street; How Many More Times?; Ce Soir
- More about:
- Music
- Music Styles
- Non Us Rock 80's
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E-News for the Week of April 6th
FOOD AND FAITH IN LENT Throughout Lent there will be a weekly reflection on Food and Faith. It will include an excerpt from the World Council of Churches Ten Commandments of Food and a simple, meatless soup recipe for each week in Lent. We hope you try the recipe and that the reflections will be thought-provoking and promote mindful eating this Lent.
VI. Be grateful for those who grow and prepare food for your table.
VII. Support fair wages for farmworkers, farmers, and food workers.
These two commandments are related – because we are grateful for the work and the hands that make us possible for us to eat each night, we should therefore support fair wages for those who get it to us. We can do that by selecting when possible fair trade, organic, and/or local produce. When demand for those products increases, it demonstrates that it is important to us as consumers the well being of those who raise our food and get it to the places from which it is purchased. Remember that local farms employ local residents to work on the farms and generally treat their employees well.
Mushroom-Barley Soup
(adapted from "The Moosewood Cookbook" by Mollie Katzen)
Serve with bread and salad.
½ c. barley
6 ½ c. vegetable stock or water
½-1 tsp. salt
3-4 Tbsp. tamari or soy sauce
3-4 Tbsp. dry sherry or white wine
3 Tbsp. butter
2 cloves garlic, minced
1 heaping c. chopped onion
1 lb. fresh mushrooms, sliced
Freshly ground black pepper
Cook the barley in 1 ½ c. of the stock or water in the soup pot until tender. Add the remaining stock or water, tamari or soy sauce, and sherry or white wine.
In a separate pan, sauté the onion and garlic in the butter. When they soften, add mushrooms and ½ tsp. salt. When all is tender add to the barley, being sure to include the liquid the vegetables expressed while cooking.
Give it a generous grinding of black pepper and simmer 20 minutes, covered, over the lowest possible heat. Taste to correct seasoning.
April 13: Maundy Thursday
7:00pm: Footwashing, Holy Eucharist Rite II & Stripping of the Altar
Maundy or Holy Thursday is the commemoration of the First Eucharist at the Last Supper. The word "Maundy" from the Latin Maudatum novum, Jesus' "new commandment" that we love one another, as he has loved us, represented by the act of love: the washing of the feet. At the end of the service, we clear the table, consume the consecrated bread and wine, and strip the sanctuary of ornament together in preparation for the passion and death of Jesus.
April 14 Good Friday:
Church Open for Meditation 11am-3pm
Noon: Good Friday Liturgy in the church
Children's Service in the chapel
7pm: Good Friday Liturgy
Veneration of the Cross
Friday we meditate on Jesus' sacrifice of His humiliation, torture and death for the sake of our redemption, this story told through the narrative St. John's passion. We venerate the cross, the symbol of Jesus' sacrifice and of our faith. At Grace the cross is a relic of the Great Fire. Just as our Church rose from the ashes, we are confident that Jesus will rise from the dead and in the power of His resurrection in our own lives.
April 15 Holy Saturday
7:00pm: The Great Vigil of Easter
In the darkened church a fire is lit and from that fire the Paschal candle, the symbol of the light of Christ, is spread through the church. It represents the slow dawning after the night within which He rose from the dead. We begin with an ancient hymn called the Exsultet, "Let [the host of heaven] exult!", expressing the joy of all on earth and in heaven at Christ's glorious resurrection. The first half is in darkness, while a series of lessons describing the history of salvation is read, interspersed with psalms and prayers. We renew our baptismal covenant. Then the resurrection is announced. The room is flooded with light revealing that the gloomy veils of Lent have disappeared and spring flowers, risen from the earth, bedeck the sanctuary; bells ring, and the Gloria in Excelsis is sung, leading to the first Eucharist of Easter.
April 16: Easter Day:
8 am – Holy Eucharist Rite I
10 am – Festival Eucharist Rite II
WHAT WE NEED IS HERE The South Coast Mission Hub invites you to dinner and conversation (and a farm tour, too!) on Sunday, April 30 from 4:15-7:00 pm at the Share the Harvest Farm/YMCA Dartmouth (276 Gulf Road, Dartmouth, 02748). The gathering is titled What we Need is Here: A Conversation for Food Advocates, Farmers, and Food Ministries. We are inviting our larger community to this event and we want you to join us too! The event is free but please feel free to bring a dish to share if you wish. Call 857-366-2621 or register at this link to reserve your spot.
SISTERS HELPING SISTERS Grace recently extended a message of support to the Islamic Society of South Eastern Massachusetts on Cove Road, Dartmouth. As we continue to seek to listen to how we might stand with our Muslim neighbors in the midst of harassment and hostility, an opportunity has arisen and we want to invite women of Grace to join in it. "Accompany your Sister" is an initiative for women to help women, offering accompaniment to our Muslim sisters in Rhode Island and SE Massachusetts on specific occasions when they feel particularly vulnerable in public, like walking in the park or going to the market or doctor. If you are interested, you may sign up directly at this link: Accompany Your Sister. You will be put on a list and contacted as needed. You may also call Travis Bowie (508-644-7066) or Sydney Webb (785-608-6727) to sign up or with any questions.
INTER-GENERATIONAL FORUMS The final forum will take place on Apr 30; the topic is Christian Life and prayer
PLEASE NOTE: As there are no flowers on the altar during the season of Lent, flower commemorations are not possible because of the solemnity of the season however:
ALTAR FLOWERS FOR EASTER You can sponsor the flowers and plants for the Sanctuary for the celebration of the Resurrection of our Lord. Our altar flowers are a testimony to those we love. If you would like to honor a special person's memory, anniversary, birthday or, if there is another significant event that you wish to acknowledge, giving altar flowers can be a visible sign of your love or gratitude. The names of all so honored or commemorated will appear in the Easter Leaflets. There are forms for this purpose and envelopes marked "Flower Fund" in the back of the church and in the lobby of All Saints' Chapel. Put the form and your contribution in the envelope and either place it in the offering plate or give it to Charlene Ryder: email@example.com or 508.728.4374. Forms for Easter flowers should be submitted by April 7 in order to appear in the Easter leaflets.
HEALING PRAYERS AT 10:00 SERVICE Healing prayers will be offered the first Sunday of the month during the 10:00 service, continuing a tradition offered in our three Chapel services. During Communion, one of our Priests will be available for a confidential prayer, accompanied by a blessing with holy oil. After receiving communion, you are invited to come to the prayer station near the baptismal font, kneeling or standing as you are comfortable. The Priest may ask "How can I pray with you today?" We are invited to share a specific or more general prayer concern, knowing that details will remain private.
We look forward to sharing this sacramental, healing opportunity with our 10:00 congregation Sunday, May 7, 2017.
GRACE IN COMMUNITY FUNDRAISING LUNCHEON Mark your calendar and join us for the "Grace in Community" Fundraising Luncheon on Sunday, April 30, 2017 at 11:30 am at the Wamsutta Club of New Bedford. Tickets are $40.00 per person and will be available starting April 2, 2017. The luncheon is a great way to come together as a community to celebrate the completion of the tower project phase and support the "Grace in Community" Restoration Campaign.
- SCHOLARSHIP APPLICATIONS will be available on April 1.
- YOUTH PRECONFIRMATION RETREAT will take place on Friday and Saturday, April 6 and 7.
- VESTRY The next meeting of the Vestry is Wednesday, April 26th at 6:30 in the Office Conference Room.
- LAUNDRY LOVE will take place Monday, Apr 24 at 3:00 pm at the Super Laundromat at the corner of Kempton & Summer Streets.
- CHILDREN & YOUTH COMMISSION will meet May 4 at 6:30 pm.
- GRACE PILGRIMAGE PREPARATORY MEETING will take place Sunday, May 7 at noon.
- EPISCOPAL CHURCH WOMEN meet next on May 18; more information will follow. Please contact Priscilla Guillemette at 508-264-0832 or Janet Miranda at 508-997-1656.
- PENTECOST ~ The celebration of Pentecost takes place on June 4 this year.
PARKING: Grace Church has permission to use the Wamsutta Club lot on Sundays. Parking is also available at the Inter-Church Council and the Sargent Building for Saturday and Sunday services. Please avail yourself of these convenient spaces with easy walking distance of the church.
During the week, parking adjacent to the Samuel Rodman House and along the east side of that building facing Little People's College is solely for the use of their tenants and clients. Gratefully, those spaces are available to Grace Church for Saturday evening and Sunday services only. Please help us in maintaining the spaces for Rodman House tenants during the week.
PLEASE – LET GRACE CHURCH KNOW! If you or a member of your family is hospitalized and would like a visit, call the church office (508.993.0547) or one of the clergy: Chris (508.985.3823) or Andrea (508.259.7501).
PRAYER LIST When someone is ill and in need of our prayers, we encourage you to tell us so that we may put him/her on the prayer list. The name will be read on or about the weekend nearest when we are informed and placed on the published prayer list, if desired. In an effort to manage the prayer list and keep it up-to-date, a name would be left on the published sick list initially for one month. If you would like to extend the period of time, contact Charlene Ryder or one of the Clergy.


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2012 Dodge Charger R/T
2012 Dodge Charger R/T **GRAY/RED** MUST SEE!! Upgrades!
2012 Dodge Charger R/T 4-Door Sedan
Exterior Color: Mineral Gray Metallic Clear Coat
Interior Color: Red
Stock Number: 002211
Mileage: 59,008
Engine: HEMI 5.7L V8 370hp 395ft. lbs.
Fuel: Gasoline
Transmission: Automatic
Drivetrain: Rear Wheel Drive
Vehicle Description
2012 Dodge Charger RT with 59k miles. Tungsten Metallic Clearcoat with Red interior. Loaded with Navigation and Travel Group, Beats Audio Group, Wheels and Tunes Group, Satellite Radio, Bluetooth, and more. Upgraded exhaust and wheels.
Clean title, clean carfax.
Financing available to ALL credit types. Extended service contracts available. Trades accepted.
Call Elite Motor Cars 925.826.5353. Text 925.628.4822
Clean title, clean carfax.
Financing available to ALL credit types. Extended service contracts available. Trades accepted.
Call Elite Motor Cars 925.826.5353. Text 925.628.4822
Additional Photos
click on a thumbnail to view full-size photos
Contact Information
Elite Motor Cars
Main Phone: (925) 826-5353
Cell (Text OK): (925) 628-4822
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Vehicle Features & Options
Standard Features
Air Conditioning:
Air Filtration
Dual Front Air Conditioning Zones
Automatic Climate Control Front Air Conditioning
Second Row Rear Vents
Occupant Sensing Passenger Airbag Deactivation
Dual Front Airbags
Front Side Airbags
Front Side Curtain Airbags
Audio System:
Element Antenna
Usb Auxiliary Audio Input
DVD In-Dash CD
Alpine Premium Brand
AM/FM Radio
Siriusxm Satellite Radio
6 Total Speakers
276 Watts
4-Wheel ABS
Brake Drying
Braking Assist
Electronic Brakeforce Distribution
Emergency Braking Preparation
13.6 Front Brake Diameter
Ventilated Disc Front Brake
1.26 Front Brake Width
12.6 Rear Brake Diameter
Ventilated Disc Rear Brake
0.87 Rear Brake Width
Comfort Features:
Rear Folding Armrests
Carpet Floor Mats
Cargo Area Carpet Floors
Front Floor Mats
Aluminum Interior Accents
Leather Shift Knob Trim
Leather Steering Wheel Trim
Convenience Features:
Front Assist Handle
Capless Fuel Filler System
Cargo Area Light
Front Console With Armrest and Storage
Cruise Control
Front Cupholders
Auto Dimming Rearview Mirror
Fuel Filler Door Release Multi-Function Remote
2 One-Touch Windows
Front Overhead Console
12V Front Power Outlet(s)
Power Steering
Lockout Button Power Windows
Push-Button Start
Front Reading Lights
Remote Engine Start
Retained Accessory Power
Steering Wheel Mounted Audio Controls
Tilt and Telescopic Steering Wheel
Accessory Hook
Garage Door Opener Universal Remote Transmitter
Dual Illuminating Vanity Mirrors
2.65 Axle Ratio
160 Amps Alternator
730 Cca Battery Rating
Maintenance-Free Battery
50 State Emissions
Exterior Features:
Body-Color Door Handle Color
Chrome Exhaust Tip Color
Dual Tip Exhaust
Body-Color Front Bumper Color
Black Grille Color
Black Headlight Bezel Color
Body-Color Mirror Color
Body-Color Rear Bumper Color
Black Window Trim
External Temperature Display
MPG Fuel Economy Display
Tachometer Gauge
Multi-Functional Information Center
Trip Computer
Lamp Failure, Low Fuel, Engine Oil, Coolant Warnings and Reminders
Daytime Running Lights
Front Fog Lights
Hid/Xenon Headlights
Led Taillights
Manual Folding Side Mirror Adjustments
Heated Side Mirrors
Dual Front Active Head Restraints
Automatic Hazard Warning Lights
Child Safety Door Locks
Latch System Child Seat Anchors
Front Crumple Zones
Emergency Interior Trunk Release
Energy Absorbing Steering Column
Door Unlock Impact Sensor
3-Point Front Seatbelts
3-Point Rear Seatbelts
Front Seatbelt Force Limiters
Front Seatbelt Pretensioners
4-Way Power Lumbar Driver Seat Power Adjustments
Heated Driver Seat
Adjustable Front Headrests
Bucket Front Seats
Heated Passenger Seat
3 Rear Headrests
Split Rear Seat Folding
60-40 Split Bench Rear Seat
Premium Cloth Upholstery
2-Stage Unlocking Doors
Engine Immobilizer Anti-Theft System
Power Door Locks
Stability And Traction:
Hill Holder Control
Electronic Stability Control
Traction Control
Gas Front Shock
Coil Front Spring
Front Struts
Independent Front Suspension
Short and Long Arm Front Suspension
Gas Rear Shock
Coil Rear Spring
Independent Rear Suspension
Multi-Link Rear Suspension
Sport Tuned Suspension
Hands Free Phone
Bluetooth Wireless Data Link
Tires And Rims:
Inside Spare Tire Mount Location
Temporary Spare Tire Size
Steel Spare Wheel
Tire Pressure Monitoring System
All Season Tire
Aluminum Wheels
Variable Intermittent Front Wipers
Humidity/Dewpoint Sensors
Remotely Operated Power Windows
Rear Window Defogger
Vehicle Condition & History
Financing Information
We offer financing to ALL credit types.
Dealership Information
Elite Motor Cars
Main Phone:
(925) 826-5353
Cell (Text OK):
(925) 628-4822
Business Hours
1671 Challenge Drive
Concord, CA 94520
Concord, CA 94520
Disclaimer: Information deemed reliable, but not guaranteed. Interested parties should confirm all data before relying on it to make a purchase decision. All prices and specifications are subject to change without notice. Prices may not include additional fees such as government fees and taxes, title and registration fees, finance charges, dealer document preparation fees, processing fees, and emission testing and compliance charges. Internet special price may not be compatible with dealer sponsored or subsidized subprime financing.


text:
4 Bedrooms Detached Bungalow for sale
Golden Meadow, Richards Lane, Illogan
Located in a tucked away position is this substantial detached bungalow. the first thing you will notice when viewing this property is the parking facilities that are available. there…
3 Bedrooms Terraced House for sale
Lower Broad Lane, Redruth, Cornwall
Designed with low maintenance living in mind, this property offers well proportioned family sized accommodation. there are three bedrooms, a lounge and fitted kitchen/diner. (contd...)
3 Bedrooms Semi Detached House for sale
Millgrist Meadow, Lower Broad Lane, Illogan
***** new instruction ***** millerson redruth are pleased to offer this very nicely presented three bedroom semi-detached house. located in a quiet residential cul-de-sac, local amenities…
2 Bedrooms Semi Detached House for sale
Gwel Kann, Trevelyan Road, Illogan, Redruth
The maples offers perhaps the best eclectic range of new homes in the area! help to buy available! take advantage of this opportunity to aquire one of the first releases within this…
2 Bedrooms Terraced House for sale
Wills Row, Clifton Road, Park Bottom
Tucked away on the outskirts of illogan sits this quaint and charming terraced cottage. (contd...)
Free Instant Valuation
Find out if you are charging enough rent or what your property would be worth if you were to sell now


text:
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A Kalashnikov cannot shoot itself. But you can use English to denounce English, turning the muzzle back on itself. You can do that in Sanskrit too, or Tamil, or any other. It would not constitute suicide. The structure of language allows such a reflexive act—it's a slippery, superior form of technology at this level, not a being with a soul. In an imaginary world (or in a university department), it would be possible to separate a real, neutral care for languages—their material and abstract beauty—from other considerations and to tend to them in peace. But in the world most people inhabit, we live with complications. People tend to feel they "belong" to languages, like Chief Seattle belonged to his land. It's one step away to yours and mine, to borders and fences, to trespassing, invasions and imperial dominions.
To have schools all over India celebrate a 'Sanskrit Week' by decree—that couldn't have been passed off as an innocuous, joyful thing in the best of times. It becomes doubly dicey at this juncture. The fiat comes from the 'autonomous' CBSE, a thin veil. The chain of causation, everyone knows, goes back to the party in power—and how it casts everything in an idiom of Reconquest troubles the waters by definition. Moreover, this is an India of competing identity politics—by default angry, bristling, quick to take offence. The onus of offering resistance has again fallen on Tamil Nadu, a state defined by its long history of language politics. But let's not kid ourselves into thinking it's just Tamil that feels it as an imposition. Or even other identifiable sectors of dissent. The overwhelming majority of the Indian population stands outside the pale on this: acquiescence won't change the nature of that fact.
Just as with land, with languages too it's possible to dream of a future defined by free movement, of shared literacy, an idea of commons. It's true, Sanskrit is the coded key not just to liturgy and religious philosophy but to endless vaults of neutral, secular knowledge—atheist doctrines, works on logic, grammar, aesthetics, musicology, what not. It's also true that today the literacy in ancient languages required to cultivate a modern scholarship is just not there. But citing that need in the present context is a bad ruse. This 'circular' politics ties up more with another heritage. Sanskrit must turn the muzzle back for a spot of self-examination. It must traverse its whole history of being a tool of power. Like all hieratic languages, it kept the common folk outside the gates. But it went much beyond that. Not only was access to Sanskrit literacy restricted by dharmic law, for the non-savarnas—that is, the vast majority of Indians—it encoded the most evolved form of social apartheid ever known. For them, Sanskrit evokes not the image of a classical abhisarika nayika tiptoeing through a moonlit night but the harsh sounds of Manusmriti.
Yes, you don't abolish German because Mein Kampf was written in it—language itself is neutral. But as a carrier of a politics of control, Sanskrit has had no parallel. The way to save it from the morgue is to depoliticise it, to emancipate it from agendas, to bring it into a post-Brahminical world. Which is why, "who's doing it" is half the trouble here. Making schoolchildren all over India chant slokas through play is imitative of missionary techniques. It also rekindles the other taproot. Linguist Franson D. Manjali has written that the whole colonial elevation of Sanskrit, beginning with William Jones, was tied to Europe's "Aryan" racial-supremacist project—India formed a necessary part of its imaginative grid. Alas, India is still trapped in that mental space. Even the "philanthropist approach" of Dalits learning the Vedas (which the RSS backs) faces venomous opposition.
The Dravidianists, with their purified Centamizh, can often be cut from the same cloth. In both 'coloniser' and 'resister', one sees the same resort to a heightened relation between language and land (Modern Tamil Nadu, indeed, is named for the language, not the other way around). To manoeuvre a language policy through these parallel zionisms is tricky. Flying paper planes into an imagined Amar Chitra Katha past, despite the BJP's skills at it, can't be the best way.
There are good linguistic grounds to say this. One, Sanskrit is patently not "the mother of all languages": three of the four Indian language groups are outside its genepool. Even its earliest Rigvedic idioms bear traces of the reciprocal exchange within which Sanskrit itself evolved. It has influenced, and been influenced by, Munda and Dravidian. Its 'family' was forged precisely in that interface, in that teeming Indian ecology. (Languages like Marathi or Bangla, say, aren't "corruptions" of Sanskrit, but degrees of "convergences"). Two, we already have an undeclared bilingualism in much of the 'Hindi belt', and an education system that teaches you to hate your home language everywhere. Three, a hidden paradox: the very idea of a simplified, conversational Sanskrit. This is a Vedic costume fantasy: its proponents thrill to a false, shallow idea of Indians speaking in Sanskrit! The only folks who need bother about such a return to a pure origin are the good people of Swat valley. Most Brahmins who have ever lived have not spoken Sanskrit as their mother tongue.
Here's an idea. Instead of a 'week' that recalls Aryan gods (in Brahmin avatar) disposing of Asura kings, why not have a rotating festival… a Tamil week in Jaipur, a Munda week in Nagpur, a Khasi week in Katwaria Sarai, a Maithili week in Thane? Cities have 'sister' cities. Why not tongues?
A shorter, edited version of this appears in print
" At least in that respect Muslim bloggers deserve congratulations."
Congratulations. Keep it up.
>> " Hindu supremacists - Anwaar's favourite term of endearment. What does it mean?"
In this post you are both a Hindu supremacist and a Hindu apologist, but I am sure you are not aware of being either! There are similar Muslims in some Muslim blogs, but they hardly get any "Like" check-marks. At least in that respect Muslim bloggers deserve congratulations.
" Sanskrit must be taken back from the clutches of Hindu supremacists, bigots, believers in brahmin exclusivity, misogynists, Islamophobes and a variety of other wrong-headed characters on the right, whose colossal ambition to control India's vast intellectual legacy is only matched by their abysmal ignorance of what it means and how it works."
1. Hindu supremacists - Anwaar's favourite term of endearment. What does it mean? It means that denigrators of Hinduism are unable to rebut when challenged. What do losers do when they lose an argument? They resort to invective.
2. Hindu philosophical thought is sublime and lofty and has survived all these centuries of neglect, apathy and hostility due to its inherent strength, resilience and the efforts of devoted and dedicated scholars who have protected and preserved mankind's heritage over several millennia.
3. Brahmin exclusivity to knowledge is a thing of the past. (Incidentally, Vajapeyi means a priest who specialises in conducting a specific vedic ritual.) Today, the doors are open to higher knowledge if one has the aptitude for it; caste is no longer a factor.
4. Misogyny is found in all languages, cultures, religions and ages. Why single out Sanskrit?
5. Islamophobia is a term used by apologists of Islam. Sanskrit, which came into existence long before the advent of Islam, cannot be accused of it.
Why this unscholarly rant from someone having studied at Oxford and is teaching at Harvard? The resurgence of Hinduism after centuries of suppression seems to have unnerved the Macaulites and unhinged them.
Earlier, we had another columnist talking of rescuing Gita from Hinduism. Now, about rescuing Sanskrit from Hindus. What next? The need to rescue Arabic from Islam?
"The Story of my Sanskrit
Ananya Vajpeyi
Sanskrit must be taken back from the clutches of Hindu supremacists, bigots, believers in brahmin exclusivity, misog***"
I stopped reading the article posted by Anwar of this. I directly switched to comments that were more interesting.
The Story of my Sanskrit
Ananya Vajpeyi
Sanskrit must be taken back from the clutches of Hindu supremacists, bigots, believers in brahmin exclusivity, misogynists, Islamophobes and a variety of other wrong-headed characters on the right, whose colossal ambition to control India's vast intellectual legacy is only matched by their abysmal ignorance of what it means and how it works.
With RSS and Brahmins in control, nothing more can be expected from Modi Raj.The aryanization of India has been going on and now it is official.
Leave alone Shakespeare, even Chetan Bhagat is infinitely superior to Kalidas.
That is how twisted these secular fascists are.
So, according to this yet another intellectual giant produced by the Outlook Genius factory, valuing and promoting Sanskrit in Bharat amounts to a supremacist language policy on the line of Hitler's fascism while imposing English on everyone is a sign of progressive secular modern agenda. You are well and truly twisted.
We are sick and tired of these venomous Hindu and Bharat hating fascists.
Awesome post 29/D-41. Heartfelt thanks, Sri Swaminathan.
Thank you for your excellent counterpoints.
Politics of casteism ( it is Bramhinical ) and communalism ( it is associated with Hindu religious scriptures) did not serve well for teaching of Sanskrit in post independence India. Even with the little knowledge of Sanskrit (that I learned in school), I wonder why in India we do not popularize the knowledge contained in thousands of years of writings in Sankrit. We teach Shakespear, but not Kalidas in schools. Indian mythology, moral teachings of Panchatantra and Hitopadesh, writings of Chanakya etc. translated from Sanskrit should be taught compulsorily to every Indian kid, even if we cannot teach everyone Sanskrit for various reasons. I indeed have problems with anti-west ideologues and the proponents of Hindu religious teachings in schools in the name of popularizing Sanskrit. But it will be idiotic to neglect a language citing political reasons.


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Market Drayton Town Council
- Brakes on Market Drayton skate park due to contract issueShropshire Star
- Second course announced in fight on Market Drayton boy racersShropshire Star
- Fines issued by new Market Drayton town warden could pay for the roleShropshire Star
- Online petition calls for Market Drayton pub to reopenShropshire Star
- 50 firms are helping the jobless in Market DraytonShropshire Star
- Market Drayton tree vandalism sparks fundraising campaignShropshire Star
- Opposition to homes plan at Market Drayton pubShropshire Star
- Spending spree set to help improve Market DraytonShropshire StarRecreation Area , Longlands , Newport , Frogmore , Town Hall
- 'Dicing with death': Call for more pedestrian crossings in Market DraytonShropshire Star
- 160 home plan for Market Drayton gets green lightShropshire Star
- New roundabout built on Market Drayton road ahead of 160 homesShropshire Star
- Market Drayton Christmas lights are damagedShropshire Star
- 'It's like an inner city ghetto' – Market Drayton rapped for litter scourgeShropshire Star
- Towns to be turned into winter wonderlands for Christmas lights switch-onsShropshire Star
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- Dairy giant Muller plans to expand butter plantShropshire Star
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Title: Quiet The World Can Be
Author: Vera Steine
Disclaimer: I don't own them, don't make any money, etc. They belong to RTD and the BBC. The lyrics at the top belong to Dido, and can be found on her album, "Life For Rent".
Rating: K+ (PG)
Pairing: Jack/Ianto
Spoilers: Exit Wounds
Author's notes: At last, something other than post-EOD came out of my brain… I'd been sitting on this story idea since Exit Wounds aired, but had to do my grieving first :). I don't know if it turned out quite the way I planned, but I hope you'll like it anyway.
Thanks to my sister, Lady Snowflake, for the beta read.
Inspired by that brief moment where Ianto hugs Jack, and born out of my frustration when since that moment, for the next eight minutes of the episode (yes, I was counting) they didn't have a single moment together anymore. Grrr!
Thanks to everyone who reviewed my previous pieces, you guys rock! All reviews will be fed to my plot bunnies, so please press the button at the end to let me know what you think!
Oh how quiet, quiet the world can be
When it's just you and little me
Everything is clear and everything is new
So you won't be leaving will you
From: "Don't Leave Home", by Dido
We thought we'd lost you. When Jack came back, he went to him, turned his face into Jack's shoulder for the briefest moment, and assured himself that the man he loved was still there, still very much alive, still breathing and still the same. But the universe was in shambles, and there was no more time after that to assure himself some more of that fact. And because Ianto had always prided himself on not getting in Jack's way, on never asking for more than Jack could give, he didn't do anything more than that.
And then… The horror of not only losing Toshiko, but Owen as well, two people in the world he counted as friends, as something akin to family… He was numb the first few days, going through the motions, making cups of coffee and forgetting, for brief moments, not to make any for Tosh and Owen. Packing up their things, cleaning out their respective flats, and that wretched video. The end is where we begin. Ianto wasn't sure.
A week later, it hit him that something was wrong with him. He'd been going through the motions like always, making coffee, this time only for three people, and taking Jack his cup, he'd replied to Jack's absentminded thanks with a similarly absentminded, that's all right, sir. It was the hurt in Jack's eyes at the term of address that made him realise he'd said it. He extricated himself from the office without another word, not wanting to deal with what had just happened before he could figure out what had just happened.
He and Jack hadn't been together since it happened. Not for lack of trying on Jack's part, that is, a few subtle looks had been sent Ianto's way at the end of the workday, last night, and the night before that. He knew Jack well enough now that he'd known what Jack was asking without putting it into words. Please stay. But he'd found he couldn't, feeling the pressure of grief on his shoulders, on his chest, keeping him shrouded from the rest of the world. He wasn't ready to deal with the rest, with Jack and what had happened to him, with the horror he'd felt when he'd realised Jack had left, albeit not voluntarily, again. How many times could that happen before he'd drown in his feelings for Jack?
He took a deep breath. There was also Tosh and Owen, his grief for them, the constant reminders no matter how many things they'd pack into boxes, and the reminder that a life in Torchwood meant an early death, not only for him, but for everyone around him. How many times could he deal with that before that, too, would overwhelm? The distance he had unconsciously created between himself and Jack just now, was probably just an expression of all those fears. It didn't make it any easier. He wondered if he should let it happen, let them drift apart until they were both safe from being hurt by each other.
He hadn't made his decision, but Jack made it for him. A week later, Torchwood returning as much to normal as it could with two team members gone, coming back from a weevil hunt late at night, they said goodnight to Gwen and after she left, Jack broke through his defences with one simple sentence. I don't want to stay here.
Ianto looked into his lover's eyes and saw the despair Jack wasn't putting into words. Letting them drift apart might be the right thing to do, it wasn't what his heart wanted. He loved Jack, and couldn't bear to see him hurting. He smiled, sadly, and answered. Come home with me.
It wasn't as strange as he'd always thought it would be. Because he had thought about it, about Jack in his small flat on the outskirts of Cardiff, about the little things that would change between them if they'd ever share a living space that wasn't the hub. And he'd always dismissed it as impossible, Jack didn't do domestic and Ianto wasn't asking him to. He was happy, had been happy, with what had been offered. First, their… arrangement, and after Jack's return, an unspoken measure of commitment. Dabble. Yes, but with some strings attached.
Yet, when he led Jack through his front door to his living room, it wasn't as strange as he'd thought. It wasn't strange to have Jack sitting on the comfortable sofa that dominated the room, and he didn't feel awkward about offering coffee. When he returned with the two mugs they drank their coffee in silence, until Jack reached out, took the mug from his hand and set both their coffees down on the table. Ianto… His tone was plaintive, and just a little needy. All Ianto could do in reply was shake his head slightly, and kiss Jack.
Having Jack in his bed, as opposed to being in Jack's, wasn't as amazing as he'd thought it would be, but it was good. Jack didn't make any jokes about the bed being larger, and Ianto didn't say anything either, just rolled over afterwards, and settled his head on Jack's chest, just under his chin, as he liked to do when he got the chance. He thought he felt Jack kiss his hair before drifting off to sleep.
The morning after was the least awkward of all. They took their turns in the bathroom without having to say anything, and when Ianto handed Jack a mug of coffee as soon as he stepped into the kitchen, Jack beamed a smile at him. Jack drove them into work in the SUV, and there was nothing strange about that either.
The next night, all Jack did was look at him. Ianto knew, and nodded, not minding. Jack came home with him again, and Ianto said, you can always come here. The look on Jack's face was answer enough. They didn't stay at the hub anymore after that. Ianto asked after two weeks, even though he knew the answer before he asked the question. Too many ghosts, Jack explained, shivers down my spine when I'm alone there.
After a month, Ianto gave up the pretence, and gave Jack his own key, made space in cupboards and closets, and generally accommodated Jack's presence in his flat. Gwen raised an eyebrow at the clear evidence that no one stayed at the hub anymore at night, but didn't say anything. When she was alone with Ianto that afternoon, she said, I'm glad you're happy.
Somewhere during the week after Jack officially moved, Ianto gathered up his courage. I don't expect you to reciprocate. Jack gave him a quizzical look. But I love you, and I needed you to know that. Jack smiled, a quiet, sad, knowing smile, and replied, I know.


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Chenango Canal - Greene, NY
in New York Historical Markers
This sign is on route 12 north of Greene, NY.
posted by: ripraff
location: New York
date approved: 6/25/2017
last visited: never
John Albright - East Homer, NY
This sign is on route 13 in front of a house.
date approved: 6/22/2017
A new historical marker has just been placed in downtown Oswego, signifying the location of Richardson Theater.
posted by: PTCRAZY
date approved: 5/31/2017
Rounds House - Vestal, NY
This is a 15 room Queen Anne Style house occupied by the Rounds family for 106 years.
date approved: 5/29/2017
Erie Canal - Syracuse, NY
This sign is across from the Erie Canal Museum, the old weighlock building.
date approved: 5/26/2017
Vestal Central School - Vestal, NY
The Vestal Central School was a WPA project built in 1939. This building was designed by Truman Lacey of T.I. Lacey and Sons. It has a number of art deco features.
date approved: 5/22/2017
Bronck House - Coxsackie, NY
Located in a small triangular section of grass at the intersection of NY 42 and Peter Bronk Rd.
posted by: nomadwillie
date approved: 4/23/2017
Former Site - Owego, NY
Storrs Mica Factory 1899-1927 was here. A.P Storrs patented a mica glass chimney used in gas lamps of the day.
date approved: 4/2/2017
Robert Harpur - Harpursville, NY
This is a recently placed sign at the Riverview Cemetery in Harpursville, NY. This hamlet is named after Robert Harpur.
date approved: 3/22/2017
Unadilla, New York
Unadilla, New York is "The Village Beautiful", placed on the National Register of Historic Places.
date approved: 3/11/2017
Alfred Dunk House - Binghamton, New York
Alfred Dunk House was built around 1854 in the Carpenter Gothic style.
Steeple Bell - Spafford, NY
Marker recounting the history of the nearby bell.
posted by: jiggs11
date approved: 1/14/2017
Bethesda Fountain and Terrace - New York, NY
A state marker located in Central Park.
posted by: bluesnote
date approved: 1/9/2017
Colonnade Row - New York, NY
A state marker located in the city.
HSBC "Formerly the Knox Building" - New York, NY
A state marker located near the New York Public Library.
The New-York Historical Society - New York, NY
A state marker mounted at the east corner of the building facing central park.
The San Remo - New York, NY
A state marker located on an apartment building next to Central Park.
Astor Library - New York, NY
A state marker located at the former Astor Library.
The Brown Building - New York, NY
A state historical marker located at the site of one of the worst disasters in the city.
Canal Tow Path - Middleport, NY
Marker describing Erie Canal activity in Middleport in the 19th and early 20th centuries.
date approved: 12/25/2016
Cobblestone School - Hartland, NY
Marker describing the history of the nearby cobblestone school.
The Grave of Col. Benjamin Walker - Utica, NY
Marker relating the history of Col. Benjamin Walker, who served in the Revolutionary War and as a US Representative.
date approved: 12/16/2016
Justus Henry Rathbone - Utica, NY
Marker denoting the history of Justus Henry Rathbone, the founder of the Knights of Pythias Service group.
St. Mary's Home - Binghamton, NY
There are some postcards available online that show the old building for St. Mary's Home. The site now has a high school.
MacDonough Monument - Plattsburgh, NY
This 'interstate' marker is next to a tall obelisk that is a monument to Commodore MacDonough's victory in the Battle of Plattsburgh.
posted by: NorStar
date approved: 11/24/2016
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