text:
Distributed open source software development has largely turned to GitHub, a pull-based software development collaboration platform. Recent studies have deployed data science techniques on the large datasets available about millions of projects on GitHub. Some research has focused on pull request (PR) acceptance predictors and evidence was found of sexual discrimination among members. In this paper I analyzed the influence of gender on PR acceptance on a project level, comparing different popular projects regarding their discrimination factors. Several projects were identified that have significant differences between male and female PR acceptance rates.
Github is a key online collaborative software development environment. In this paper we describe a new category of Github project: Curation projects collect, evaluate, and preserve resources for software developers. We investigated 1) what motivates software developers to engaged in curation; 2) how software developers benefit from curation activities; and 3) how well GitHub supports/fails to support curation practices. We conducted in-depth interviews with 16 software developers each of whom host curation projects on GitHub. Our results suggest that software developers' motivations for curation on GitHub are similar to their participation in open source projects. Convenient tools (e.g. Markdown syntax and Git version control system) and the opportunity to address professional needs of interests of large numbers of peers attract developers to engage in curation projects. Software developers benefit from curation projects through learning opportunities, support for development work, and professional interaction. However, curation is limited by GitHub's document structure & format and also its lack of key features, such as search. We discuss design possibilities to encourage and improve curation appropriations of GitHub.
Docker allows packaging an application with its dependencies into a standardized, self-contained unit (a so-called container), which can be used for software development and to run the application on any system. Dockerfiles are declarative definitions of an environment that aim to enable reproducible builds of the container. They can often be found in source code repositories and enable the hosted software to come to life in its execution environment. We conduct an exploratory empirical study with the goal of characterizing the Docker ecosystem, prevalent quality issues, and the evolution of Dockerfiles. We base our study on a data set of over 70000 Dockerfiles, and contrast this general population with samplings that contain the Top-100 and Top-1000 most popular Docker-using projects. We find that most quality issues (28.6%) arise from missing version pinning (i.e., specifying a concrete version for dependencies). Further, we were not able to build 34% of Dockerfiles from a representative sample of 560 projects. Integrating quality checks, e.g., to issue version pinning warnings, into the container build process could result into more reproducible builds. The most popular projects change more often than the rest of the Docker population, with 5.81 revisions per year and 5 lines of code changed on average. Most changes deal with dependencies, that are currently stored in a rather unstructured manner. We propose to introduce an abstraction that, for instance, could deal with the intricacies of different package managers and could improve migration to more light-weight images.
Over the past 18 months, we have been working on a dashboard concept that enables researchers a means of interacting with existing research. This work was motivated by the National Data Service (NDS), which is an emerging vision of how scientists and researchers across all disciplines can find, reuse, and publish data. NDS intends to provide an international federation of data providers, data aggregators, community-specific federations, publishers, and cyberinfrastructure providers by linking data archiving and sharing efforts together with a common set of tools. This abstract provides a status of the two existing proof-of-concept pilot dashboard implementations and how we plan to evolve this work. At a high level, the researcher dashboard aims to provide an intuitive Web-based interface to expose fully interactive research containers that support the lifecycle of scholarly communication. Research containers enable executable and repeatable research by supporting methods, source code, and data within dynamically created Docker containers.
ATLAS (Automatic Tool for Local Assembly Structures) is a comprehensive multi-omics data analysis pipeline that is massively parallel and scalable. ATLAS contains a modular analysis pipeline for assembly, annotation, quantification and genome binning of metagenomics and metatranscriptomics data and a framework for reference metaproteomic database construction. ATLAS transforms raw sequence data into functional and taxonomic data at the microbial population level and provides genome-centric resolution through genome binning. ATLAS provides robust taxonomy based on majority voting of protein-coding open reading frames (ORFs) rolled-up at the contig level using modified lowest common ancestor (LCA) analysis. ATLAS is user-friendly, easy install through bioconda maintained as open-source on GitHub, and is implemented in Snakemake for modular customizable workflows.
Climate and biodiversity systems are closely interlaced across a wide range of scales. To better understand the mutual interaction between climate change and biodiversity there is a strong need for multidisciplinary skills, tools and a large variety of heterogeneous, distributed data sources. In this regard, the EUBrazilCloudConnect project provides a user-centric research environment built on top of a federated cloud infrastructure across Europe and Brazil to serve scientific needs. One of the test cases implemented in this project focuses on climate change and biodiversity research. The BioClimate is the Science Gateway of the use case. It aims at providing end-users with a highly integrated environment, addressing mainly data analytics requirements. This paper presents a complete overview about BioClimate and the scientific environment delivered to the user community at the end of the project.
Software energy consumption is a performance related non-functional requirement that complicates building software on mobile devices today. Energy hogging applications are a liability to both the end-user and software developer. Measuring software energy consumption is non-trivial, requiring both equipment and expertise, yet many researchers have found that software energy consumption can be modelled. Prior works have hinted that with more energy measurement data one can make more accurate energy models but this data was expensive to extract because it required energy measurement of running test cases (rare) or time consuming manually written tests. We address these concerns by automatically generating test cases to drive applications undergoing energy measurement. Automatic test generation allows a model to be continuously improved in a model building process whereby applications are extracted, tests are generated, energy is measured and combined with instrumentation to train a grander big-data model of software energy consumption. This continuous process has allowed the authors to generate and extract measurements from hundreds of applications in order to build accurate energy models capable of predicting the energy consumption of applications without end-user energy measurement. We clearly show that models built from more applications reduce energy modelling error.
MerCat (" Mer - Cat enate") is a parallel, highly scalable and modular property software package for robust analysis of features in next-generation sequencing data. Using assembled contigs and raw sequence reads from any platform as input, MerCat performs k-mer counting of any length k, resulting in feature abundance counts tables. MerCat allows for direct analysis of data properties without reference sequence database dependency commonly used by search tools such as BLAST for compositional analysis of whole community shotgun sequencing (e.g., metagenomes and metatranscriptomes).
Debugging software is an inevitable chore, often difficult and more time-consuming than expected, giving it the nickname the " dirty little secret of computer science." Surprisingly, we have little knowledge on how software engineers debug software problems in the real world, whether they use dedicated debugging tools, and how knowledgeable they are about debugging. This study aims to shed light on these aspects by following a mixed-methods research approach. We conduct an online survey capturing how 176 developers reflect on debugging. We augment this subjective survey data with objective observations from how 458 developers use the debugger included in their Integrated Development Environments (IDEs) by instrumenting the popular ECLIPSE and INTELLIJ IDEs with our purpose-built plugin WATCHDOG 2.0. To better explain the insights and controversies obtained from the previous steps, we followed up by conducting interviews with debugging experts and regular debugging users. Our results indicate that the the IDE-provided debugger is not used as often as expected, since "printf debugging" remains a feasible choice for many programmers. Furthermore, both knowledge and use of advanced debugging features are low. Our results call to strengthen hands-on debugging experience in Computer Science curricula and can and have already influenced the design of modern IDE debuggers.
How often do JavaScript programmers embed structured languages into strings literals? We conduct an empirical investigating mining nearly 500 thousand JavaScript source files from almost ten thousand repositories from GitHub. We parsed each string literal with seven separate common grammars, and found the most common data type that is hidden within the confines of string literals. To reduce the overuse of strings for structured data types, we present a simple static program analyzer that finds embedded languages and warns the developer, providing an optional fix.


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Category Archives: consumer
A life well lived: I finally made it into the New York Times
1st guy, seeking directions on a New York City street: "How do you get to Carnegie Hall?" 2nd guy: "Practice, practice." In my past work in marketing and public relations I've gotten a client or two placed in the New … Continue reading
Posted in branding, business, business intelligence, consumer, Cotrupe Tagged Aloft, hotel, lodging, New York, New York Times, travel Leave a comment
Skype this: do you ooVoo?
Over the past five years I stopped having to be pioneer and Chuck Yeager test pilot-style early adopter for all household technologies. Oh, I still hold a firm grip on my job as IT and network administrator, which on the … Continue reading
Posted in business, Cloud, consumer, Cotrupe, Facebook, Internet, MarketPOWER, online, products, research, telecommunications Tagged Boston, Boston College, Cal Poly, Cat 5, Chuck Yeager, Cisco, computer, Cox, desktop, HD, IM, IT, laptop, Linksys, Mac, Middle East, Netgear, New York, Oliver Robinson, ooVoo, PC, Skype, smartphone, tablet, webcam Leave a comment

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Puawai Moore signed Keep Cadbury in Dunedin 2017-03-02 19:06:38 +1300
Keep Cadbury in Dunedin
For over 80 years, Cadbury has been a part of Dunedin's culture. More than 400 people work there and that helps their families and their communities, and dozens of Dunedin businesses.
And it's good for Cadbury too - they're doing well out of it.
But Cadbury's parent company, Mondelez International, wants to make more by shifting this factory out of New Zealand. They get a bit more money but everyone else loses a lot.
For Mondelez this is about profit. Plain and simple. But they need people like us to make that profit. And if enough of us tell their Director of Manufacturing ANZ Jason Bonisoli that leaving Dunedin is a deal-breaker, they'll have to listen.
Let's show them that all Kiwis stand together with Cadbury workers. Sign the open letter.11,057 signatures
To Jason Bonisoli,
The Cadbury Factory in Dunedin is a profitable business and a vital part of our local economy. For every job lost, dozens more people are affected. The closure of the plant will be a devastating blow to the local community and economy.
You rely on customers like us to keep your profit up, and abandoning Dunedin is a deal-breaker for us and for all New Zealanders.
We, the undersigned, ask you to reverse your decision and keep Cadbury's Dunedin factory open. It's good business and it's the right thing to do.
Puawai Moore signed treat her right 2017-02-23 06:47:51 +1300
It's time to pay the sisters the same as the misters!
It's time to Treat Her Right
Right now 55,000 workers across the aged residential, disability and home support sectors are considering a historic proposed equal pay settlement that can lift care and support workers' pay to between $19.00 and $23.50 from 1 July, rising to between $21.50 and $27.00 in July 2021.
This is a huge win and will make a real difference in valuing the work of care and support workers and the people they support.
But it is still only one part of the workforce - a big part, but only one. Based on current figures, it's still going to take 45 years before all women will be paid equally.
Equal pay affects everyone: the recent uni grad just starting her first job, the mum who is taking a couple of years out of paid work to raise her children, to school support and social workers.
Treat Her Right is about all of us. We still need your voice, and as many voices as possible, so we make 2017 the year that equal pay became real.
Will you join with us to make this happen?7,974 signatures
- I support equal pay in every workplace.
- I want equal pay for women now.
Women work hard for the money, so let's treat them right.
Puawai Moore signed stand with pike 2017-02-14 08:59:54 +1300
Stand with Pike
Twenty-nine men lost their lives when the Pike River mine exploded in 2010. The Government made all sorts of promises to do everything they could to get the boys back.
Instead, late last year, they started to permanently seal the mine without trying to recover any remains or evidence. That's despite many international mining experts saying the drift - the 2.3km tunnel leading up to the mine - could be safely re-entered and may contain evidence and remains.
The Government wants to seal off Pike River and forget about it. But the families of the men killed there, their communities, and the majority of Kiwis won't let Pike be forgotten.
Sign the open letter asking Prime Minister Bill English to do the right thing by the families of Pike River and work with them to recover the drift.15,756 signatures
To the Right Honourable Bill English,
On 19 November 2010, 29 men died in their workplace. Your predecessor, John Key, promised to do everything possible to recover them.
Now you're planning to seal off the mine with their bodies still inside - while vital evidence about what happened there remains undiscovered.
That's not right. We urge you to stick by your Government's commitment to the families of the Pike River miners: to leave the mine open, and work with them to safely recover the drift and any remains of their lost ones it contains, along with any evidence that could finally determine what caused this disaster
It's the right thing to do.
Puawai Moore signed Smokefree via Erica Donovan 2016-12-21 09:49:06 +1300
Make Smokefree Aotearoa a reality
The New Zealand Nurses Organisation says the Government has made a mistake by cutting funding to anti-smoking advocacy services and iwi health providers who help people quit smoking.* Sign the petition to fund these essential services1,826 signatures
To Hon Jonathan Coleman and Hon Bill English:
Nurses, midwives, caregivers, kaimahi hauora and their supporters want to see a Smokefree Aotearoa by 2025. We urge the Government to fully fund smoking cessation and advocacy services for all New Zealanders, especially services by Māori and Pasifika organisations supporting their own local communities.
* For more information on these cuts click here and here.
To find out more about the New Zealand Nurses Organisation (NZNO) click here.


text:
Price: $29.95
Product ID : RF KH-3121
Manufacturer: Radio Fence
Weight: 2.00 lbs
The Kitty Cup Pet Bed isn't just for cats - dogs love it too!
This cozy pet bed is for the pets that love to curl up in a ball and feel secure with walls around their body. The entire bed is made from soft, luxurious microfleece. The pillow is removable and reversible to a contrasting and complimentary color.
Completely machine washable for easy care. The bottom of the bed has a layer of "stay put" non-slip fabric for stability. Available in 2 colors and 2 sizes.
- Small - 16" Diameter
- Large - 20" Diameter
- Available in 2 Colors:
- Tan & Mocha
- Gray & Black
- Reversible pillow
- Non-slip bottom
- Entire bed is soft microfleece
- Removable cover
- Easy wash and care
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text:
With many non-Muslims present at this "Islam Awareness Week" lecture in Miami, Abdullah Hakim Quick delivers an enlightening talk about the origins of the major holidays celebrated today. He explains that throughout time there has been a constant struggle between those who believe in one God and those who believe in many gods. And with these struggles, many compromises were made by those who would ultimately influence and shape the major modern day holidays celebrated throughout the world. The result today are rituals not sanctioned by the prophets or scriptures of God, but rather mixed-up beliefs and practices that, essentially, can be attributed to ancient pagan culture. An intellectual analysis of this controversial subject by a well-known Muslim-American historian. The major celebrations analyzed are Christmas, New Year's, Valentine's Day, Easter and Halloween. Other topics discussed: Muslim holidays, the Sabbath, and celebrating birthdays. (Duration: 1 hour, 25 min)
1) Seeking the Truth
2) Stereotyping: Muslims Are the Target
3) Monotheism: Common to All Cultures and Times
4) The Struggle Between Monotheists and Polytheists
5) The Origins of Christmas
6) The Origins of New Year's
7) The Origins of St. Valentines
8) The Origins of Easter
9) The Origins of Halloween
10) Conclusion: Advice to Muslims
11) Q&A: Clarification About Jesus Being Born in the Warm Weather
12) Q&A: What About Thanksgiving?
13) Q&A: What About Kwanza?
14) Q&A: What is the Difference Between Saturday and the Sunday Sabbath?
15) Q&A: Dealing With Holidays in the Public School System / Celebrating Birthdays
16) Q&A: What Are the Roots of the Hajj?
17) Q&A: Why Can't Muslims Take Non-Muslims as Protectors?
18) We Have to Understand Beliefs and Cultures From the Source


text:
I think it is only important what matters to you.
You know. Your truth.
I'm good with you having your own truth.
I think I would doubt a world where everyone feels the same.
I don't join many groups.
Along with all those people you see at your church, the pool hall, a bridge game, in the park, visiting someone's house.
I visited someone's house tonight.
Her name is Queen of the Strawberry Cakes.
She's one of the first people I asked about when I returned home.
I didn't know if she was home.
I had not called earlier but saw the car under the carport.
You know what she's been doing?
Serving strawberry cakes on the streets of our little town.
The people she is serving are strangers who are away from home.
They can't help
but like me
love her.
She can't help but make us smile.
She is now called Ambassador Queen of Strawberry Cakes.
The boy who lived with the homeless has returned.
And I forgot to do something for his Mama.
It was one of those things I marked unread and thought, Can't now.
Is it okay if I say tomorrow? I wondered/wandered the last two days.
Procrastination is my name.
Six hours from here is a man who is exactly the man he needs to be.
That lesson was tough.
I always thought people were supposed to be who I thought they were.
Whenever they were not I disapproved. Like I was some type of ruler. Control mattered.
Less now.
Because the woman who was always running away from all the things she needed to do decided one day that she didn't care. And not that she doesn't care. She actually does. But care for others can comsume and there is ego which needs to be fed.
And the question always remains, When you are consumed where are you?
Or maybe that goes away.
Today I am grateful for a day away, a day I consider to be a day of rest.
That matters to me.


text:
- Here we test the effects of daily thermal amplitude on different traits in an ectotherm, characteristics associated to the fitness (body mass balance, growth rate, and survival), physiological trait (metabolic rate (VCO2)) and band temperature sensitive molecular traits (heat shock protein expression, Hsp70), the terrestrial woodlouse Porcellio laevis (Crustacea, Isopoda, andOniscoidea).(More…)
Image Courtesy:
link: https://www.reference.com/science/difference-between-ectotherm-endotherm-72d5299472b92c00
author: reference.com
description: … between an ectotherm and …
Here we test the effects of daily thermal amplitude on different traits in an ectotherm, characteristics associated to the fitness (body mass balance, growth rate, and survival), physiological trait (metabolic rate (VCO2)) and band temperature sensitive molecular traits (heat shock protein expression, Hsp70), the terrestrial woodlouse Porcellio laevis (Crustacea, Isopoda, andOniscoidea). [1] Because temperature typically has non- linear effects on growth rate, development rate, and survival probabilities in ectotherms, temperature fluctuations within generations can have important impacts on life-history traits, such as adult body size and development time (Huey and Berrigan, 2001; Kingsolver et al., 2004). [2] Sears M. W. 2004 Temperature, growth rate, and body size in ectotherms: fitting pieces of a life-history puzzle. [3] French V. 1996 Thermal evolution of ectotherm body size: why get big in the cold? In Animals and temperature: phenotypic and evolutionary adaptation (eds Johnston I. A., Bennett A. F. ), pp. 265 – 292. [3] Results Thermal Sensitivity of r versus Ro We show representative plots of r and Ro (each normalized to their maximum value) versus temperature for several phylogenetically diverse ectotherms (fig. 1). [4]
Normalizing with respect to the effect of temperature,, in equation (2.8), predicts the biomass accumulation rate normalized to both temperature and body mass at maturity 2.9 This model makes two additional predictions for the energy budgets of ectotherms during ontogeny. [3] The model predicts that after normalizing for body mass at maturity, all ectotherms should exhibit quantitatively similar trajectories of ontogenetic growth, with temperature affecting only the absolute growth rate. [3] It is well documented that, in ectotherms, rates of both somatic growth and ontogenetic development increase with increasing temperature, so time to maturity is shorter at higher temperatures. [3] A substantial literature documents how fluctuating temperatures alter development time in insects and other ectotherms (Hagstrum and Milliken, 1991; Worner, 1992). [2]
Adult size in ectotherms: Temperature effects on growth and differentiation. [2] Atkinson D. 1995 Effects of temperature on the size of aquatic ectotherms: exceptions to the general rule. [3] Atkinson D. 1994 How rearing temperature affects optimal adult size in ectotherms. [3]
The phenomenon of "Bergman's Rule? in ectotherms is consistent with the TSR. In latitudinal and elevational gradients of increasing temperature, both aquatic and terrestrial arthropods and other ectotherms are often smaller in warmer environments. [3] The temperature size rule (TSR) is the tendency for ectotherms to develop faster but mature at smaller body sizes at higher temperatures. [3] It remains to be explained why the majority of ectotherms follow the TSR, whereas only a minority exhibit the reverse-TSR. Several authors have proposed adaptive explanations for the preponderance of the TSR, and many other studies in the context of geographical variation in ectotherm body size in gradients of environmental temperature, especially in Drosophila. [3] They are relevant to understanding effects of environmental temperature on the life history, ecology and evolution of ectotherms. [3]
Application of our model should allow predictions for effects of global warming on ectotherm development. [3] Kingsolver J. G. 2010 Erroneous Arrhenius: modified Arrhenius model best explains the temperature dependence of ectotherm fitness. [3] Most terrestrial and many aquatic ectotherms experience a broad range of developmental temperatures that vary diurnally and seasonally. [2] A wealth of empirical data from ectotherms, especially insects, suggests that development rate curvilinearly and asymmetrically declines on either side of a temperature maximum such that the decline is more rapid at high than at low temperatures (Sharpe and DeMichele, 1977) (Fig. 4). [2] Evolution of re- sistance to high temperature in ectotherms. [4] Atkinson D. 1994 Temperature and organism size–a biological law for ectotherms? Adv. [3] Evaluating temperature regulation by field-active ectotherms: the fallacy of the inappropriate question. [5]
Discussion In spite of the well known role of climate change on ectotherm populations (Angilletta, 2009; Chown et al., 2010), the wide range of available thermal conditions in time and space, its variability and the thermoregulatory homeostasis of animals under different climate change scenarios are largely puzzling. [1] Impact of experimental thermal amplitude on ectotherm performance: adaptation to climate change variability? Comp. [1] Thermal plasticity in young snakes: how will climate change affect thermoregulatory tactics of ectotherms? J. Exp. [1] Integrating thermal physiology and ecology of ectotherms: a discussion of approaches. [4] Porter, W.P., Mitchell, J.W., Beckman, W.A. & DeWitt, C.B. ( 1973 ) Behavioral implications of mechanistic ecology – thermal and behavioral modeling of desert ectotherms and their microenvironment. [6] Temperature-dependence of physiology affects nearly every aspect of the ecology and evolution of life histories in ectotherms (e.g. Blanckenhorn, 2000; Huey and Berrigan, 2001; Fischer et al., 2003; Stillwell and Fox, 2005; Colinet et al., 2007). [2] The regulated or preferred body temperature of terrestrial ectotherms is thought to have co-evolved with performance optima in response to the dominant thermal signal in the environment ( Huey and Bennett, 1987 ; Samietz et al., 2005 ). [5] Hughes R. N. 2001 Offspring size responses to maternal environment in ectotherms. [3] Van Voorhies W. A. 1996 Bergmann size clines: a simple explanation for their occurrence in ectotherms. [3]
Dynamic Energy Budget metabolic theory is concluded to be a powerful and general means to mechanistically integrate the dynamics of growth and reproduction into niche models of ectotherms. [6] A number of studies have successfully integrated biophysical principles with energy budgets to study life history, population dynamics and range limits of ectotherms using S. undulatus as a model ( Grant & Porter 1992 ; Adolph & Porter 1993, 1996 ; Dunham 1993 ; Angilletta et al. 2004 ; Buckley 2008 ). [6] Here, I integrate a metabolic theory (Dynamic Energy Budget theory, DEB) with a biophysical model for inferring field body temperatures and activity periods of terrestrial ectotherms and apply it to study life-history variation and geographic range limits in a widespread North American lizard, Sceloporus undulatus. [6] The aim of this study was to assess the potential for integrating DEB theory with biophysical ecology to make first-principles estimates of the energy budget, life-history patterns and geographic range limits of a terrestrial ectotherm. [6] [xyz-ihs snippet="Amazon-Affiliate-Native-Ads"]
Grant, B.W. & Porter, W.P. ( 1992 ) Modeling global macroclimatic constraints on ectotherm energy budgets. [6] Experimental data for a variety of ectotherm taxa, such as nematodes, molluscs, crustaceans, insects and amphibians ( table 1 ) support the model. [3] The model predicts that when eggs of the same size are incubated at higher temperatures, a TSR ectotherm consumes less energy during incubation and may hatch with unused yolk, whereas a reverse-TSR ectotherm uses more energy, consumes more yolk and may hatch at a less-developed stage. [3] In equation (2.11), E c, E m and ? m are all independent of temperature, so the total quantity of energy consumed, Q tot, during ontogeny varies predictably with temperature as The model predicts that when developing at higher temperatures, TSR ectotherms should consume less energy and reverse-TSR ectotherms should consume more energy. [3]
Actually, some TSR ectotherms appear to compensate by producing smaller eggs at higher temperatures, supporting the prediction that they consume less total energy during development. [3]
This peak occurs at the same fraction of adult mass in ectotherms as it does in endotherms. [3] Hassall M. 2006 The temperature-size rule in ectotherms: may a general explanation exist after all? Am. [3] Dunham A. E. 2003 The temperature-size rule in ectotherms: simple evolutionary explanations may not be general. [3]
Impacts of climate warming on terrestrial ectotherms across latitude. [1] These results call into question the common practice of using thermal performance curves measured at constant temperatures to predict responses of ectotherms to diurnal fluctuations and climate change ( Deutsch et al., 2008 ; Sinervo et al., 2010 ; Vasseur et al., 2014 ). [7] Numerous recent studies have used thermal performance curves to predict the fitness and ecological responses of ectotherms under future climate scenarios ( Deutsch et al., 2008 ; Sinervo et al., 2010 ; Huey et al., 2012 ; Kingsolver et al., 2013 ; Bonebrake et al., 2014 ; Vasseur et al., 2014 ). [7]
The consequences of such non-linear effects have been thoroughly explored for ectotherms in variable thermal environments, and are the basis for most predictions about responses to climatic variation and climate change ( Deutsch et al., 2008 ; Kingsolver et al., 2013 ; Vasseur et al., 2014 ). [7]
Hawkins, A.S.J. ( 1995 ) Effects of temperature change on ectotherms metabolism and evolution: metabolic and physiological interrelations underlying the superiority of multi-locus heterozygotes in heterogeneous environments. [8] We are particularly interested in the potential metabolic effects of temperature on ectotherm abun- dances and present the first broad-scale test of this notion for terrestrial vertebrates. [9] Zuo, W., Moses, M.E., West, G.B., Hou, C. & Brown, J.H. ( 2012 ) A general model for effects of temperature on ectotherm ontogenetic growth and development. [10] In line with theory, empirical work suggests that ectotherms show different thermal dependences of growth and development and that temperature can affect the age at maturation (development time) independently of growth. [10] Reproductive status may significantly affect the behavioural thermoregulation in ectotherms, notably for species living in cool regions at the margin of their thermal range, where the selection of high temperatures by reproductive females may be particularly beneficial for embryonic development (e.g. Shine 2004 ; Wallman & Bennett 2006 ; Lourdais, Heulin & Denardo 2008 ). [11] Within the range of non-extreme temperatures that allow an organism to develop and reach maturity but do not lead to a decline in growth rate, the thermal reaction norm of most ectotherms is well described by the temperature-size rule (TSR) (Atkinson 1994 ). [10] During periods of highest temperatures, T max within harvest areas was often observed to be near the maximum thermal tolerance for most ectotherms (43C) effectively reducing the suitability of these areas for T. carolina (34.2C; ) and other herpetofauna -. [12] Accordingly, contrasting effects of seasonal temperatures on ectotherm body size have been reported in a number of studies (Kari & Huey 2000 ; Rogers et al. 2011 ; Sebastian et al. 2012 ). [10] Field studies have shown that the interplay between temperature and population density can alter the impact of climate warming on ectotherm growth and body size. [10] The combined effects of oxygen limitation and increasing temperatures may thus lead to reductions in average body size particularly in water-breathing ectotherms (Cheung et al. 2013 ). [10] The role of diurnal fluctuations in temperature (DFT) in causing time-dependent effects like stress and acclimation is poorly understood for most ectotherms. [7] Even though temperatures are projected to rise faster in temperate compared to tropical ecosystems (IPCC 2007 ), warming may have the most severe effects on ectotherms in the tropics. [10] Ectotherms acclimate by adjusting their biochemical composition and physiological rates, thereby favouring the maintenance of function and capacity at the acclimation temperature, but not necessarily at other temperatures (Guderley 2004 ). [10] In this paper we tested the hypothesis that populations of vertebrate ectotherms sampled across a temperature gradient should show a negative relationship between standard metabolic rate (SMR) and prolonged swimming ability. [8] This suggests that ectotherm populations sampled across a temperature gradient should show a negative relationship between metabolic rate and locomotor performance. [8] In ectotherms, the exponential increase of metabolic rate with body temperature suggests that environmental temperature may additionally constrain population densities. [9] Body temperature exerts an exponential effect on the metabolic rates of ectotherms, with individuals in warmer environments requiring disproportionately more energy per unit time (Bennett 1982, Gillooly et al. 2001). [9] While terrestrial and marine ectotherms both need to maintain warm body temperatures and minimize energy expenditure during the breeding season, female turtles breeding at the northern limit of their range may not be able to stay inactive for long periods perhaps because of the thermally dynamic nature of their environment. [11] Here, the 6-week deployment of tri-axial accelerometers ( n 6) on a marine ectotherm, the loggerhead turtle ( Caretta caretta ), reproducing at the northern limit of the species' breeding range (i.e. in a thermally dynamic environment) revealed the behavioural mechanisms underlying its energy management strategy during the breeding season. [11]
If true, then habitats that concentrate productivity when tempera- tures are low (e.g., chaparral shrublands and highly productive but cool coniferous forests) may support lower abundances of ectotherm granivores and herbi- vores than environments with the same annual pro- ductivity, but in which rainfall and temperature posi- tively covary (Kaspari et al. 2000). [13] Analyses of the variables that affect ambient temperatures on a microclimate scale will aide in the understanding of habitat requirements of ectotherms. [12] Ants are a model ectotherm system for testing co- limitation by productivity and temperature. [13] Brief exposure to high but sublethal temperatures may induce heat shock protein (HSP) expression and increase survival when ectotherms are exposed to subsequent heat shocks, a form of adaptive acclimation called heat-hardening ( Lindquist and Craig, 1988 ). [7] These data suggest that both the sign and size of the covariance between monthly temperature and precipitation may affect bottom-up regulation in ectotherms. [13] Huey, R.B. & Berrigan, D. ( 2001 ) Temperature, demography, and ectotherm fitness. [11] The behavior, physiology, and even fitness of ectotherms are strongly affected by temperature fluctuations,. [12] The causes and consequences of time-dependent responses of ectotherms to diurnal and stochastic variation in temperature require further attention. [7] Eurythermal species, including many temperate ectotherms, are capable of surviving over wide ranges of temperature. [10] Top-down control and elasticity analysis was conducted on mitochondria isolated from the midgut of the tobacco hornworm ( Manduca sexta ) to assess how temperature affects oxidative phosphorylation in a eurythermic ectotherm. [14]
The effect of environmental temperature is at most weak due to behavioral thermoregulation, thermal evolution, or the temperature dependence of ectotherm performance. [9] Alternating temperatures poorly represent diurnal patterns of environmental and body temperature variation for most terrestrial and aquatic ectotherms, and can diminish or exaggerate the effects of fluctuations on mean performance. [7] In ectotherms, body temperature has profound effects on locomotory performance, physiological functions and ultimately fitness (e.g. Huey & Berrigan 2001 ; Herrel, James & Van Damme 2007 ). [11] Predicting the physiological performance of ectotherms in fluctuating thermal environments. [7] Coping with daily thermal variability: behavioural performance of an ectotherm model in a warming world. [7] Huey RB, Kingsolver JG (1989) Evolution of thermal sensitivity of ectotherm performance. [12] Martin, T.L. & Huey, R.B. ( 2008 ) Why "suboptimal" is optimal: Jensen's inequality and ectotherm thermal preferences. [11]
To determine the thermal effects of harvests on ectotherm behavior, we first characterized the thermoregulatory behavior of our entire turtle population. [12] Can body size predict ectotherm population density? Do environmental temperatures additionally constrain densities? How much variation in ectotherm abundance can be explained by energy availability as approximated by net primary productiv- ity? Here we evaluate these questions across 483 populations of lizards from across the world. [9] Our findings provide support for the balance of energy use and supply constraining ectotherm densities, but demonstrate that environmental temperature only weakly influences ectotherm density. [9] Future studies should simultaneously investigate individual body condition, reproductive output and long-term activity patterns to further develop our understanding of individual reproductive and energy management strategies in marine ectotherms. [11] Investigating the spatio-temporal activity patterns of reproductive female ectotherms in marine habitats may thus help improve our understanding of the behavioural mechanisms underlying their energy management strategy. [11] The present study has yielded detailed data on habitat use and spatial ecology of an ectotherm in a managed forest, but has much broader implications on multiple forest-dwelling species in a changing climate. [12] Because ectotherms constitute the vast majority of organism biomass and about 99% of species worldwide, it is particularly important to understand how ectotherms respond to a warming climate. [10] This has important consequences for understanding and predicting responses of ectotherms to variable environments or climate scenarios ( Kingsolver et al., 2013 ). [7] The generality and adaptive significance of Bergmann's rule remain highly debated (Angilletta & Dunham 2003 ; Kingsolver & Huey 2008 ; Stillwell 2010 ), and patterns of latitudinal size clines cannot be used to 'explain' changes in ectotherm body size in response to climate warming. [10] The TSR, which describes the phenotypic response of an organism during ontogeny, has been associated with observed patterns of latitudinal clines in ectotherm body sizes (Kingsolver & Huey 2008 ). [10]
This review discusses the underlying physiological mechanisms of changes in ectotherm body size and addresses observed responses within a broad ecological context at different levels of organization, from individuals to communities, particularly in aquatic systems. [10] In general, the mechanisms through which warming affects ectotherm body size differ between aquatic and terrestrial environments. [10] We hypothesized that EWL could provide thermal advantages to an actively foraging ectotherm that inhabits a hot, arid environment. [15] Ectotherms have insufficient heat production to elevate body temperature ( T b ) above ambient temperature ( T a ), and therefore must obtain heat from the environment via radiation, conduction and convection. [15] In addition to having limited capabilities for internal heat production, ectotherms are thought to have limited physiological mechanisms for significantly reducing T b when environmental temperatures are high ( Schmidt-Nielsen, 1964 ). [15] An experimental test of the role of environmental temperature variability on ectotherm molecular, physiological and life-history traits: implications for global warming. [7] A strong and negative exponential relationship between environmental temperature and lizard abun- dances would support a metabolic constraint on ectotherm population densities and indicate only limited behavioral thermoregulation. [9] Key words: ectotherms; energetic constraints; energetic equivalence rule; environmental temperature; lizards; metabolic theory; population density. [9]
The mechanisms causing size clines in endotherms cannot apply to ectotherms that are unable to produce considerable metabolic heat. [10] Only later was the concept extended to intraspecific size clines (James 1970 ) and to ectotherms (Atkinson 1994 ). [10]
We examined the immediate effects of timber harvests (clearcuts and group selection openings) on ectotherm behavior, using the eastern box turtle as a model. [12] Our results indicate that even in a relatively contiguous forested landscape with small-scale timber harvests, there are local effects on the thermal ecology of ectotherms. [12] Our results indicate that in a relatively contiguous forested landscape, small-scale timber harvests have minimal effects on the short-term behavior of these ectotherms. [12]
Here we investigated the effect of various harvest openings on an ectotherm, the eastern box turtle. [12]
Aquatic ectotherms commonly show stronger thermal acclimation (Angilletta 2009 ), or migrate between shallow and deep waters and thereby choose preferred thermal habitat (Dulvy et al. 2008 ). [10] Angilletta, M.J., Niewiarowski, P.H. & Navas, C.A. ( 2002 ) The evolution of thermal physiology in ectotherms. [8] Global analysis of thermal tolerance and latitude in ectotherms. [7] Why "suboptimal" is optimal: Jensen's inequality and ectotherm thermal preferences. [7]
This experimental design coupled with radiotelemetry and behavioral observation of a wild ectotherm population prior to and in response to anthropogenic habitat alteration is the first of its kind. [12] In ectotherms, high-altitude/latitude populations generally have higher resting metabolism than low-altitude/latitude ones ( Ayres & Scriber 1994 ; reviewed by Garland & Adolph 1991 ). [8]
Little is known about the energy management strategy of female marine ectotherms during reproduction. [11] Here we use long-term monitoring and an experiment to suggest that the timing of rainfall and the availability of radiant energy can combine in subtle ways to regulate access to productivity by ectotherm consumers. [13] The abundance of ectotherms should ultimately be limited by both plant productivity and the radiant energy that makes that productivity accessible. [13] Our results provide initial insights into how energy needs and availability differentially constrain ectotherm and endotherm density across broad spatial scales. [9]
Dehydration to 80% of initial body mass led to a delay in the onset and an attenuation of the dramatic increase in cloacal EWL. These results emphasize the potential value of EWL for thermoregulation in ectotherms and demonstrate for the first time the role of the cloaca in this process. [15] These adjustments may play key roles in the physiological requirements of ectotherms throughout ontogeny and in various physical conditions (e.g., in reptiles, gravid females actively adjust to maintain higher body temperatures than males;. [12] The body temperature of ectotherms closely tracks that of their immediate surrounding whereas endotherms maintain a constantly high core temperature. [10] Maintaining a high and stable body temperature is often critical for female ectotherms during reproduction. [11] EWL of ectotherms is rarely investigated in terms of its potential for suppressing body temperature. [15]
Kozłowski, J., Czarnoleski, M. & Danko, M. ( 2004 ) Can optimal resource allocation models explain why ectotherms grow larger in cold? Integrative and Comparative Biology, 44, 480 – 493. [10] Acute heat or cold shocks are stressful and can reduce performance and survival in many ectotherms ( Feder and Hofmann, 1999 ). [7] In ectotherms, the abiotic environment limits abun- dance in at least two important ways. [13] This puts into question a simple metabolic explanation for ectotherm abundance and diversity gradients and calls for increasingly mechanistic modeling of temperature?s influence on ectotherms at broad spatial scales. [9] Ectotherms, such as box turtles, will preferentially use certain types of available habitats for thermoregulation, nesting, and aestivation,. [12] Timber harvesting has the potential to affect multiple facets of how ectotherms utilize available habitat both directly and indirectly. [12]
While seldom studied, the use of EWL for thermoregulation by ectotherms has been reported in several species. [15] Angilletta, M.J. & Dunham, A. ( 2003 ) The temperature-size rule in ectotherms: simple evolutionary explanations may not be general. [10]
Terrestrial ectotherms have evolved to function over a range of temperatures. [7] Most terrestrial ectotherms experience diurnal and seasonal variation in temperature. [7]
Because most terrestrial ectotherms experience stronger short-term variability in temperature than aquatic/marine species due to the lower thermal buffering, they use thermoregulation to maintain body temperature within their tolerance range. [10] Accordingly, evidence that thermal tolerance limits are set by limited oxygen supply to tissues is strong for aquatic, but less conclusive for terrestrial ectotherms (Pörtner 2002 ; Stevens et al. 2010 ). [10]
The estimated activity levels of female loggerheads using overall dynamic body acceleration (ODBA) were high during the breeding season, suggesting that marine turtles may not be able to remain inactive for long periods in the same manner as terrestrial ectotherms, because of the thermally dynamic nature of their environment. [11] Terrestrial ectotherms have been reported to adopt different behavioural and physiological tactics to conserve energy during the breeding period, such as sedentary behaviour or the ability to downregulate organs such as the digestive tract (e.g. Lourdais et al. 2002 ; Shine 2003a,b ). [11] Many terrestrial ectotherms have been reported to adopt sedentary and cryptic behaviours within selected warm sites to conserve energy while thermoregulating during the breeding period (e.g. Shine 2003a,b ; Lourdais, Heulin & Denardo 2008 ). [11]
Heat stress and the fitness consequences of climate change for terrestrial ectotherms. [7] Deutsch, C.A., Tewksbury, J., Huey, R.B., Sheldon, K., Ghalambor, C.K., Haak, D. & Martin, P. ( 2008 ) Impacts of climate warming on terrestrial ectotherms across latitude. [10]
To date, no studies have monitored the response of an ectotherm's movement parameters prior to and after discrete anthropogenic disturbance such as timber harvests. [12]
(15 source documents arranged by frequency of occurrence in the above report)
1. (23) Climate warming and ectotherm body size – from individual physiology to community ecology – Ohlberger – 2013 – Functional Ecology – Wiley Online Library
2. (23) A general model for effects of temperature on ectotherm ontogenetic growth and development | Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B: Biological Sciences
3. (17) Fluctuating temperatures and ectotherm growth: distinguishing non-linear and time-dependent effects | Journal of Experimental Biology
4. (15) Short-Term Forest Management Effects on a Long-Lived Ectotherm
5. (13) Acceleration data reveal the energy management strategy of a marine ectotherm during reproduction – Fossette – 2012 – Functional Ecology – Wiley Online Library
6. (10) untitled
7. (6) ecol_84_101.2991_2996.tp
8. (6) Cloacal evaporative cooling: a previously undescribed means of increasing evaporative water loss at higher temperatures in a desert ectotherm, the Gila monster Heloderma suspectum | Journal of Experimental Biology
9. (6) eel_17033
10. (6) Metabolic theory, life history and the distribution of a terrestrial ectotherm – Kearney – 2011 – Functional Ecology – Wiley Online Library
11. (5) Untitled
12. (5) Temperature, metabolic rate, and constraints on locomotor performance in ectotherm vertebrates – CANO – 2006 – Functional Ecology – Wiley Online Library
13. (3) AmNat2001.pdf
14. (2) Compensation for environmental change by complementary shifts of thermal sensitivity and thermoregulatory behaviour in an ectotherm | Journal of Experimental Biology
15. (1) Top-down control analysis of the effect of temperature on ectotherm oxidative phosphorylation | Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology


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Well, the Texas grapefruit season runs from October to April, with peak sweetness from November to March. And that's why we're so delicious.
For starters, ripening during winter means we grow sweeter than anywhere else. Plus, our bright colors, juicy segmentz, perfect plumpness, and delightful aroma are sure to satisfy your grapefruit cravings. So enjoy some delectable Winter Sweetz™ today and see why everyone is calling us the grapefruit revolution.


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Diesel is an outstanding and gorgeous Appendix Quarter Horse Stallion with tons of chrome. He is built and bred for speed and performance. Many top names…$2,500
Snickers is a beautiful, smart and athletic filly who is built like a brickhouse. She is double bred Sun Frost with Dash for Cash in her breeding. Will…$1,500
CoCo is a beautiful bay breeding stock paint filly who is bred to run. She is great grand-daughter of Rene Dan Jet. She is built and could go any direction…$1,800
Gella would be suitable for a lower level dressage, endurance or as a trail horse. She's very level headed, forward and willing. She is green broke with…$8,000
8 year old Tri colored paint Gelding. Sells grade. He stands 14.3 hh. Broke to ride, has been used around ranch and ridden on trails, hauled to arena.…$2,000
Appaloosa pony gelding.$1,600
12 year old quarter horse mare. She stands 14.2 hh. Broke to ride, has been used on trails and ridden around ranch. Used to all ranch noises, traffic safe…$1,500
6 year old halflinger quarter horse mare, beautiful red roan coloring. Stands about 13.1 hh. Broke to ride and drive. Traffic safe. Utd on farrier and…$1,600


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While watching an episode on Oprah's OWN, she had a wonderful interview with Mr. Sidney Poitier. For those of you that are not too familiar with him, he is an Actor, Film Director, Author and he was the first African-American to win an Academy Award for Best Actor. (Movies: "Lilies of the Field", "Guess who's coming to dinner" and one of my favs "Let's do it again" with Bill Cosby).
During his interview he went on to say how he was innocent to racism because where he was from it was of the unknown. He moved to NYC, unable to read or write, he took on pretty much the only job he would qualify which was a dishwasher position. While working at this restaurant he met a Jewish waiter that felt pity on his lack of ability to read and dedicated his evenings to teaching him how to read the newspaper. Once Mr. Poitier could recognize words he stumbled upon an ad in the paper for Actor; not even knowing what it was he decided to go try out for it because according to him he figured it had to pay more than a dishwasher lol. He got to this big audition, stood before the judges and said proudly, "I'm here for the actor job". So they gave him a script to read to prove his ability. He described that moment as the most frustrating moment of his life, not frustrating because of the aggression from the judges, but frustration because he was pretty much on a 1st grade reading level, so he failed at reading the script. Once the man realized he couldn't read, he yelled out, "Why this man is no actor! He is nothing more than a lame dishwasher!!" Mr. Poitier had never told this man he was a dishwasher, no one there knew he was a dishwasher, but for this man to point out what he was just showed how he viewed him. He wasn't even mad about not getting the job because of course he didn't know what an actor was anyway; but the fact that the man defined him because of what he displayed, that was what stuck with him the most. After that experience he made it his mission to do everything in his power to be the best that he felt he could be, he refused to allow someone to define him….he chose to define himself! As you can see, he became very successful at his accomplishment because he did it with passion, with determination and without fear! He is also the author of a very inspiring book called, "Life Beyond Measures" in which offers inspirational advice and personal stories in the form of extended letters to his great-granddaughter. Writing for all who admire his example and who search for wisdom only a man of great experience can offer.
Saying all that to say don't allow anyone to define you, you have to define yourself! This world is filled with so many different things, why waste your life trying to mimic someone else's? This story stood out to me so much and it stuck with me because no one is born with intelligence, with skills, with knowledge. Yes it is true that God gives us all a gift in which makes us unique, but there is no limit to what you install in yourself. Don't allow your past to define you or what you been through; don't stop living because you go through situations; use those situations as your motivation to drive harder! He could have let that man define him as a dishwasher and left with his face in his hand, but God had another direction for his life. What that man used to insult him, Mr. Poitier used to motivate himself, to push himself and look at him now; a very educated, well spoken actor. Not even just an actor; he is an achiever of life! So when others try to tell you what you can't do, or look at you as if to say how dare you attempt this life when you come from that, you say to yourself and them, "I will not allow my trials & tribulations of life to define me…I define myself!"-Bianca Lynnette


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- Preheat oven to 350 degrees.
- Whisk almond milk and vanilla.
- Add Simple Mills Cookie Package ingredients and mix to form. 4. Add coconut oil and mix together. Then add your powdered peanut butter (or NOT).
- Use 1 tbsp. to form small balls and place on parchment paper. Box says it makes 12 cookies, and I was able to make 16.
- Bake for 10 minutes or until lightly browned.
- Enjoy with ice cream, fat free whip cream, or just by itself!
Macros per cookie: 97 calories, 1.5 g protein, 9.7g carbs, 3.9g sugar, 6.1g fat.


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Welbound to foray into packaging
Welbound launches 7-clamp perfect binder and automatic folding machine
At the recently concluded PrintPack 2017 exhibition, Welbound launched its 7-clamp perfect binder and automatic folding machine for which it received rave reviews from visitors. The WB 2500 binder equipped with seven clamps operates in an oval-shaped path where the spine is parallel to the binding station. The machine can be operated at variable speeds of up to 2,500 books per hour, net on pallet—be it with EVA hotmelts, cold glue or the best-in-class Poly Urethane Reactive (PUR) hotmelts—and also comes with a vertical stacker. What makes the machine interesting is that it offers single-user operation, thus saving manpower....cont´
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Annaba Gifts For Kids
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You can send Gifts For Kids to Algeria in the following cities.
What our Customers Say about our Service
"I have used Gift Baskets Overseas twice and both times I am very impressed with the service. The hampers arrived so quickly (as I was late in ordering) and on the day of the celebration. The presentation and the card were excellent! Both the recipients and myself are very satisfied and happy. Definitely will recommend to friends and family. Thank you for excellent service."
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Ville Vieille, Piano di Sorrento
- Free continental breakfast, free WiFi, and free parking
Main amenities
- 3 guestrooms
- Restaurant
- Rooftop terrace
- Air conditioning
- Daily housekeeping
- Garden
- Tour/ticket assistance
- Free continental breakfast, free WiFi, and free parking
Feel at home
- Cribs/infant beds (surcharge)
- Private bathroom
- Garden
- Daily housekeeping
- Hair dryer
- In-room climate control (air conditioning)
What's around
- Piazza Tasso (2.9 mi / 4.7 km)
- Frantoio Gargiulo (1.6 mi / 2.6 km)
- Villa Fondi (1.9 mi / 3.1 km)
- Meta Beach (2.3 mi / 3.7 km)
- Marina Longa of Tordigliano (2.5 mi / 4 km)
The entrance was extremely difficult both for entering and exiting.
Great experience. Very charming owners. Serving homemade breakfast outside with…
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- This hotel has 3 rooms
- This hotel is arranged over 1 floor
- Check-in time 11:30 AM-8 PM
- Check-out time is 11 AM
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- Pets stay free
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- Free continental breakfast daily
- Restaurant
- Room service (during limited hours)
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- Rooftop terrace
- Garden
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- In-room climate control (air conditioning)
- Air conditioning
- Premium bedding
- Balcony or patio
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- Ville Vieille B&B Piano di Sorrento
- Ville Vieille Piano di Sorrento
All guests, including children, must be present at check-in and show their government-issued photo ID card or passport.
Cash transactions at this property cannot exceed EUR 2999.99, due to national regulations. For further details, please contact the property using information in the booking confirmation.
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You'll be asked to pay the following charges at check in or check out:
- A tax is imposed by the city: EUR 1 per person, per night, up to 7 nights. This tax does not apply to children under 18 years of age.
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Cribs/Infant beds are available for EUR 10.00 per night
We have included all charges provided to us by this hotel. However, charges can vary, for example, based on length of stay or the room you book.
What's around Ville Vieille, Piano di Sorrento
- Piazza Tasso (2.9 mi / 4.7 km)
- Frantoio Gargiulo (1.6 mi / 2.6 km)
- Villa Fondi (1.9 mi / 3.1 km)
- Meta Beach (2.3 mi / 3.7 km)
- Marina Longa of Tordigliano (2.5 mi / 4 km)
Getting around
- Naples (NAP-Naples Intl.) 50-min drive
- Salerno (QSR-Costa d'Amalfi) 60-min drive
- Piano di Sorrento Station 24-min walk
- Meta Station 28-min walk
- Sant'Agnello Station 7-min drive
- Free self parking
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posted by ami .
PCl3 + Cl2 = PCl5 Kc=26 @ 250 degree Celcius
1.0 mol of PCl3 , 1.0 mol of Cl2 , and 5.0 mol of PCl5 are placed in a 10.0L flask at 250 C and allowed to come to equilibrium. What is the concentration, in M,of cl2 of at equilibrium?
Choose one answer.
a. 3.4
b. 0.19
c. 0.16
d. 0.13
e. 0.20
PCl3 + Cl2 ==> PCl5
(PCl3) = 1.0 mol/10.0 L = xx M
(Cl2) = 1.0 mol/10.0 L = yy M
(PCl5) = 5.0 mol/10.0 L = zz M
First determine the reaction quotient, compare it with Keq, and determine which way the reaction will move to reach equilibrium. Then set up an ICE chart, substitute into the Keq expression, and solve for the unknown; use that to calculate each individual concn. I think the reaction will move to the left and I did a quickie calculation (but you should confirm it because I may have made a mistake in my quickie) and I'm looking at 0.13 M for the answer.
If you will go to the original post, I saw there how you had worked the problem and I commented on where your error(s) were.


text: Kotch - Funk Out - ***OUT NOW*** by Scour Records published on 2012-11-21T19:24:28Z Diggin' this release? Your word spreading...click of the 'Repost ↻ Button', and/or 'Comments', and/or '❤'s', are all warmly welcomed. Many thanks in advance. SR HQ. :) http://soundcloud.com/kotch - 'Funk Out' (110 bpm) ▼ Word is that Kotch (& Sons) used to work as a humble carpenter and joiner before he turned his strong, chiseled hands to producing party funk bangers. Handy skill to have when he kicks the back doors in, blows up the dance floor and tears the roof off the mutha sucka. Prepare to redecorate senioritas! Video Link: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0hwEoZ7dWDo  Kotch SoundCloud: http://soundcloud.com/Kotch Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/KotchOfficial Twitter: http://twitter.com/KotchOfficial YouTube: http://youtube.com/KotchOfficial Scour Records Website: http://scourrecords.com SoundCloud: @scourrecords Facebook: http://facebook.com/scourrecords Twitter: http://twitter.com/scourrecords YouTube: http://youtube.com/scourrecords Scour Archives: http://ghettofunk.co.uk/category/scour  Artwork by Morphosis: http://www.facebook.com/morph0515 Promo blurb by Fat Harry: http://www.facebook.com/pages/Fat-Harry/216117141875072 Genre Scoured Comment by Videon i like this 2013/01/26 23:06:36 +0000 Comment by kilcraft love that wet acid ;) 2012/12/31 18:08:35 +0000 Comment by Spinforth Huuuge thanks for all your Scour Records debut release support folks! Been top of the Juno Download 'ALL GENRES' sales chart for a week now..I had high hopes, but YOU have helped exceed all of those. Any one out there still keen to fill their crates with a copy can do so any time over at: http://www.junodownload.com/products/scoured-cream-vol-01/2088032-02 :) 2012/12/29 18:22:09 +0000 Comment by DJ August gotta have that funk 2012/12/28 17:39:42 +0000 Comment by brtdds love that sound! 2012/12/26 22:45:15 +0000 Comment by 4Mat i want the funk! aand i got it 2012/12/24 04:15:00 +0000 Comment by P-FUNK! sick! 2012/12/24 03:10:54 +0000 Comment by Scour Records **OUT NOW** Exclusively from Juno Download: http://www.junodownload.com/products/scoured-cream-vol-01/2088032-02 2012/12/23 16:09:01 +0000 Comment by Late_Knight Outstanding! 2012/12/21 22:42:05 +0000 Comment by Maculate More GC. Great timbre on these sounds. Great video too by the Funk Hunters. 2012/12/20 13:05:22 +0000 Comment by Dj Steve Jones This is top Kotch... 2012/12/19 18:19:26 +0000 Comment by Scour Records Huge thanks for all the generous word spreading comment love! Released **TOMORROW** exclusively at: http://www.junodownload.com/products/scoured-cream-vol-01/2088032-02 2012/12/19 09:48:00 +0000 Comment by Rich Trickster Once again mate.... you've smashed it! 2012/12/18 16:02:00 +0000 Comment by DJ Chamber Nice! 2012/12/18 08:37:42 +0000 Comment by Fajita Funk durty!!! 2012/12/17 16:42:18 +0000 Comment by Alex Suplex Booya :) 2012/12/16 06:30:23 +0000 Comment by Sammy Senior Love your sound mate, great tune 2012/12/15 18:57:20 +0000 Comment by Jubba. huge tune! 2012/12/14 21:24:16 +0000 Comment by deejaymag. Boom! Love it=) 2012/12/14 13:56:03 +0000 Comment by WheresNorth? OH HELLYEAH! 2012/12/14 11:25:16 +0000 Comment by Lipkiy Hot! 2012/12/14 05:00:39 +0000 Comment by dj Daigo Great rub man 2012/12/13 23:01:12 +0000 Comment by Mr.Yeah? wot 2012/12/13 22:12:11 +0000 Comment by Bubaking Funky & Deep ;) amazing 2012/12/13 19:15:54 +0000 Comment by dj Cash cool 2012/12/13 18:21:55 +0000 Comment by Terry Wagwan yes mate! big ups are in order! 2012/12/13 16:50:02 +0000 Comment by dj danz love this!! 2012/12/13 12:14:42 +0000 Comment by PhillWelch WKD!! 2012/12/13 09:29:36 +0000 Comment by Tosses big tune 2012/12/13 08:58:35 +0000 Comment by Yosi Kimhi damn funky beats and synth right there .. hell yah!! 2012/12/13 06:51:38 +0000


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Administration Team
Harold Mowl, Jr., Ph.D.
Dr. Harold Mowl, Jr. has more than 45 years of experience in the field of education of deaf and hard of hearing students. From 1968-1990, he worked at the Western Pennsylvania School for the Deaf in Pittsburgh, the largest comprehensive center for deaf education in the state. In addition to serving as administrative principal, he was also dean of students, dean of boys, Mathematics consulting teacher, classroom teacher, and dormitory houseparent.
In July 1990, Dr. Mowl became Superintendent and Chief Executive Officer of the Rochester School for the Deaf, which serves deaf and hard of hearing students and clients from central and western New York through its educational and outreach programs and services. He retired from that position on June 30, 2015.
For more than 10 years, Dr. Mowl was chairperson of the 4201 Schools Association, a coalition of 11 schools for deaf, blind and physically disabled children in New York State. He is past president of the Conference of Educational Administrators of Schools and Programs for the Deaf (CEASD) and served on the boards at Rochester Institute of Technology, Deaf Worlds, and Health Association. In addition he was the chairperson of National Technical Institute for the Deaf's National Advisory Group. He continues to be a member of the Board of Trustees at the Western Pennsylvania School for the Deaf, his alma mater.
Dr. Mowl has a bachelor's degree in mathematics from Bethany College, master's degree in education of the hearing impaired from the University of Pittsburgh, and a Ph.D. in special education from the University of Pittsburgh.
Dr. Mowl and his wife Mary have their permanent home in Pittsford, New York.
Jennifer Labriola-Megee
Middle/High School Principal
Jennifer Labriola-Megee joined NYSD's team in the summer of 2015 in the role of New York State certified Middle and High School Principal. She also supervises the High School Athletic Program with the support of the acting Athletic Director.
Jennifer brings twelve-plus years of teaching experience with her to Fanwood. Prior to her teaching career, she earned her BS in Business Management at Rochester Institute of Technology; she also earned her MS in Deaf education. While teaching, she continued her studies and earned another MS in School Building Leadership Administration at Saint John's University.
Jennifer worked at Lexington School for the Deaf as Teacher of the Deaf; she also acquired other roles such as coach and after-school tutor. She also worked at New Jersey School for the Deaf as High School Teacher; she served on several committees such as Professional Development, Sign Language Proficiency Interview and Summer Reading Project Committees. She is a teacher at heart and has a love for learning. She is married and has a daughter and a dog.
Barbara McRae Robinson
Lower School Principal
Mrs. Robinson is the principal of the Preschool and Elementary School. A former elementary teacher at Fanwood, she also supervises our Family Infant Program. She received her B.S. in Communication Sciences and Disorders from the University of Georgia and her M.A. in Deaf Education, and Ed.S. in Change Leadership from Gallaudet University.
Carol Rapport-Sommer
Director of Special Programs and Services
Carol Rapport-Sommer comes to Fanwood with over 18 years of experience as a Director of Special Education & Pupil Personnel Services in several public school districts within the Hudson Valley. Prior to that, Carol served as a Regional Associate with the NY State Education Department Office of Special Education Services, where she provided technical assistance and monitored public and private schools (including Fanwood) for compliance with State and Federal laws and regulations.
Before moving to the Hudson Valley, Carol worked in the service of individuals with disabilities in New York City and Boston. Previous positions included: Director of the Youth Employment Program at the NYC Mayor's Office for the Handicapped and teacher/ counselor for deaf students in a collaborative program with JHS 47 and the Federation of Employment & Guidance Services (FEGS.).
Some Fanwood staff, families and alumni may remember Carol best in her role as the Director of Professional Services with the New York Society for the Deaf in Manhattan. In this capacity, Carol initiated a highly successful job training and placement program with financial investment firms in the city. Carol has also served as a special education teacher in Boston and an adjunct instructor at the New York University graduate programs in Deaf Education and Deafness Rehabilitation. A graduate of Boston University with a BS magna cum laude in Special Education, Carol was awarded a graduate fellowship from New York University where she earned an MS degree in Deafness Rehabilitation. She has additionally completed post – graduate coursework in educational administration and holds several certifications. Carol is delighted to be returning to her roots in the field of deafness and is looking forward to helping Fanwood expand its capacity to serve its students and the deaf community.
Arlene C. Rice
Special Assistant to the Superintendent/Board of Trustees Liaison
Arlene Rice, Former Director of Communications and current Board of Trustees Liaison, has been at Fanwood for the past twenty years. In addition to being liaison to the Board of Trustees, Arlene has coordinated Interpreting Services and ASL Classes. She provides interpreting services coordinates special events and lends her expertise when legislative issues arise. She has deep roots at Fanwood since her mother was a graduate in 1932. Prior to joining the School, Arlene worked in private industry as a legal assistant before becoming involved in State and County government. She served as a legislative assistant in the New York State Assembly. She also was appointed Deputy County Executive in Putnam County and served as an Aide to Governor George Pataki. Arlene is a nationally certified interpreter (RID and NAD). She is married, has two daughters and seven grandchildren.
Debra Stanson, CPA
Chief Financial Officer
Ms. Stanson began her career at the school in 2000 and was promoted to CFO in 2015. She earned her bachelor's degree in public accounting from Iona College in New Rochelle, NY and is also a CPA. She is responsible for the overall fiscal management of the school as well as various services including accounting, food service, facilities, and transportation.
Julie Cangro
Director of Human Resources
Julie Cangro joined us at Fanwood in the summer of 2011. She is responsible for managing the overall provision of Human Resources, policies, and programs for the school. This includes recruiting, staffing, government compliance, employee orientation, employee relations, labor relations and employee safety, health and wellness. She graduated Cum Laude with her Bachelors in History from Lehman College, her Masters in Human Resources and Employee Relations from Penn State University and has a Human Resources certificate from Cornell University.
Leonard Hines
Director of Facilities & Grounds
Lenny Hines is the Director of Facilities & Grounds. He came to Fanwood in 1986 as a Boiler Engineer and became Director in 1999. Lenny supervises the maintenance of the facilities & grounds and currently has a crew of four men who, under his direction, handle the entire campus. Prior to coming to New York School for the Deaf, Lenny worked at Litton Industries and before that, at Bedford Hills Correctional Facility. Lenny is an accomplished musician, songwriter and vocalist. Lenny has had many records released and has a presence on iTunes and other Internet music stores. At graduation in 2011, Lenny shared his song "Graduation Day" with the entire school community.
Allison J. Gorey
Director of Communications
Allison oversees marketing and establishes public relations opportunities for New York School for the Deaf. In her role, she works closely with members of the Administration team to align and produce effective, mission-consistent communication to the internal and external community. Allison is also responsible for coordinating all events and community relations. She feels that is it important to maintain positive relations with students, staff members, parents and all community members for the purpose of unifying the efforts of the school community. She graduated from Le Moyne College with a Bachelors Degree in Sociology and a focus on Communications.


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Posts Tagged 'evil'
The Paranormal Power Of Cats
Cats are often depicted in ancient Egyptian art and artifacts. The Egyptians actually worshiped cats as gods, and believed that they took on a spiritual importance. They were considered to be a sacred animals with magical powers.
Ancient Egypt was said to be one of the most advanced civilizations in human history, capable of architecture, that by today's standards would be difficult, if not impossible to construct. But, did they also possess otherworldly knowledge that has been forgotten?
Some myths and folklore also claim that cats can walk in and out of the spirit world with great ease and at will. It was also believed that when a house cat would disappear, with no plausible explanation, that it had found a portal to the other worlds and is exploring them and will return just a mysteriously as it had disappeared. Read the rest of this entry »
The Healing Of Corey
In order to sort out the peculiarities of an odd situation that I am trying to decipher here, allow me to give you some background on the person this involves in order that you may draw your own conclusion as to what actually did transpire. And if it appears to you that this might seem just some idle ramblings of mine, I trust at the end of this narration you will be able to connect the dots for yourself, and arrive at a viable conclusion.
There is a young man I know by the name of Corey, who was born in a small town to impoverished parents. He was the youngest of a brood of eleven children. Even though Corey had a baby sister, it became immediately apparent after his birth that he would become the apple of his father's eye. Read the rest of this entry »
A Tale Of Two Wolves
As a child, I always enjoyed parables, and even in my middle years I still like listening to a story that has real meaning behind it. Recently, I discovered a fabulous story.
A young Cherokee child gets into an argument with one of his peers whom, until now, he felt he had been on good terms with but on this occasion, however, felt that the other boy had been most unjust to him.
In anger, the Cherokee boy runs off to seek advice from his wise grandfather, an elder of the Cherokee tribe, who loves teaching his grandchildren all about life. After telling his grandfather of his injustice, the old man wistfully looked at his grandson and said that he too, in his life, had similar experiences that resulted in him feeling great anger. "It is like there is a fight between two wolves going on inside you," said the old man, "and indeed a terrible fight." Read the rest of this entry »
Psychic Attack A Wake-Up Call
I recently found myself experiencing the most intense, hectic dreams and unusual symptoms. I became very concerned about what was going on. Physically, I was feeling awful, although I had no underlying health condition. I was experiencing headaches, and literally felt as if I had been beaten up. Any kind of concentration eluded me, but I did manage to do a reading for myself.
I don't generally read for myself, for fear of reading too much into a situation. However, this reading revealed to me that I had been under psychic attack for several days!
It didn't really matter to me from where such an attack might be coming from. It was also not important to me that such negativity ultimately will return to the sender with a vengeance. I just wanted to clear it. My only concern was to immediately restore powerful psychic protection around me, and to be sure that I never again forget to maintain regular psychic protection for myself. Read the rest of this entry »
Staying True To Love And Light
Sometimes we wonder if there is really any good left on this little, blue planet of ours. It can at times be depressing to see all the strife, anger, and hostility. Where is the love and light?
For example, the recent presidential election seems to have divided so many friends and family members. Not everyone seems to have the same thoughts as I do on this matter, since I feel we should embrace our differences, celebrate that we all have different views and respect others opinions. We should rejoice that we all have something different to bring to the table.
Not everyone appreciates a difference in opinion. Instead they wish to control others and they want everyone to see and think the way they do. If you don't, well they might even become hostile and say and do hurtful things.
Recently, while praying, I asked spirit for a message to show there is still light, and love, and kindness, and compassion on this planet. I received a vision and a very strong message of affirmation. Read the rest of this entry »
The Path To Heaven
I wanted to set an intention for my evening meditation. I wanted to connect with my higher consciousness, and maybe even connect with my grandfather. I wanted to ask questions about death and what happens to our souls and consciousness. What do we perceive after we die?
After my meditation I took down some notes on things I wanted to share that I felt was important information. Before going to sleep I also set the intention to visit with my spirit guides to retrieve and receive any other information that could help shed some light on our life after death.
This is what I came up with. Read the rest of this entry »
Shadow People, Pixies And Other Unseen Visitors
Whether it's ghosts, shadow people, Tall Man with a Hat, The old Hag, or pixies, we've all experienced mystical beings in some form or another. Some of us have had minor insignificant encounters, while some of us deal with these entities every day. And, there are those who experience very violent encounters with some of these beings. I personally, have had my fair share of the worst kinds of attacks. And, I find myself dealing with the mischievous little pixies almost daily.
If you don't know what a pixie is, let me explain. They are little spirit beings. About the size of a dragonfly. Some suggest they are cute little fairies, such as Tinkerbell in Peter Pan by JM Barrie. Others depict them as gruesome and very disturbing to look upon. I honestly can't say for certain, as they move so quickly I have never gotten a good look at one of them. Read the rest of this entry »
Peace Starts From Within
Peace is only attainable from within. Many souls go through life chasing what they think is the elusive dream of peace. They are searching outside themselves for things or people that will bring calm and balance into their lives.
Stop, look inside, there is no person and no material object that will bring you the peace which you seek. Take some time to understand that if you have a discontented soul, no outside source will heal that wound. It has taken me years to understand this concept myself. Empaths have an especially hard time reconciling with the outside world – feeling deeply can be both a super power and ones Achilles heel.
Healing your soul and becoming at peace with yourself is the most important journey you will ever embark on. It means being honest with yourself and not trying to be with or agree with others, when your very own soul is screaming no. Listen, release, accept, and be. Read the rest of this entry »


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Format: Paperback
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Size: 11.53 MB
Downloadable formats: PDF
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Publisher: E.F.Kalmus (1933)
Jazz Duets: Standards (clarinet)
Der Stern von Bethlehem, Op.164: Clarinet 1 and 2 parts [A5510]
Buddy was instrumental in the birth of the Los Angeles jazz scene. Beginning in the late 1940s, Buddy set out to break.. Hans Bodenmann Klingender read here Hans Bodenmann Klingender. The clarinet was a revolutionary development at about 1700, built upon the chalumeau. Instruments with a single reed that were known as a shepherd instrument have existed for ages: The Zummarah and the Arghul. Such instruments were pipes, and the reed was cut out of the tube itself. We are talking about a rather simple instrument here. They are no candidates as direct ancestor of the clarinet , cited: Rubank Book of Clarinet Solos - Easy Level: Book with Online Audio (stream or download) fm102.ru. BUFFET-CRAMPON, model R-13 B-flat clarinet, #563,406 made in France in 2006. The original nickel plating is good, no cracks to the wood, 100% all new pads and corks from our shop in Wichita. The price includes new MTS (USA) case and canvas cover download. When a key is pushed down the soft felt pad keeps the air from flowing through the covered hole download. Then it will typically have 1 each of the piccolo, English horn, bass clarinet, and contrabassoon. Woodwinds are not only used in symphony orchestra music. They play an important role in jazz music with the saxophone and clarinet being very popular. They are also widely used in marching bands and in various types of world music throughout the globe. Some are actually made from plastic or from different types of metal download. Swing clarinetists such as Benny Goodman, Artie Shaw, and Woody Herman led successful and popular big bands and smaller groups from the 1930s onward online. Chattanooga's greatest music store offers New and Used Musical Instruments, Lessons, Repairs, and Rentals. With the widest variety of musical equipment, accessories, music books, parts, and services, Mountain Music is unmatched , cited: Quintet for Flute, Oboe, Clarinet, Bassoon, and Horn [FULL SCORE] read epub. Some very early SML saxophones were stencils. There are also occasional late-model stencils. Vito saxophones have been made by Vito (Wisconsin), Beaugnier, Leblanc, Yamaha, Jupiter and Yanagisawa. Keep this in mind when attempting to date your instrument Noel Coward, I'll See You read pdf http://ecardfree.ru/ebooks/noel-coward-ill-see-you-again-paperback-1929-sheet-music-from-the-operette-bitter-sweet.
Alfred Belwin Intermediate Band Method B-Flat Clarinet
Six Variations on an Air by Salieri for Flute, Oboe and Clarinet by W.A. Mozart
Intermediate Music for Two, Volume 2 for Flute or Oboe or Violin & Clarinet
Giovanna d'Arco: Clarinet 2 part [A4613]
Hungarian Rhapsody No.9, S.244/9 (Composer's orchestration): Clarinet 1 and 2 parts (Qty 2 each) [A4240]
Stasny: Papageno-Polka on motives from Mozart's Opera, the Magic Flute, Opus 55, for Clarinet in A (Flute/Violin), Trumpet in Bb, Tuba and Piano, set of parts
Max Reger Sonata in F Sharp Minor for Clarinet & Piano, Op.49, No.2. Kalmus 9760
Idomeneo, K.366: Clarinet 1 and 2 parts [A2318]
Die Zauberflöte, K.620: Clarinet 2 part [A2315]
Prince Igor (Polovtsian Dances): Clarinet 2 part (Qty 2) [A1336]
Scènes de ballet, Op.52: Clarinet 2 part (Qty 2) [A1466]
Lift Thine Eyes, Cast Thy Burden on the Lord - Bb Clarinet Trio
Salome, Op.54: Clarinet 1, 2, 3 and 4 parts [A5408]
Kinderszenen, Op.15 (Arrangement for small orchestra): Clarinet 1 and 2 parts (Qty 2 each) [A9127]
Christmas Carol Combo Playable As Solo, Duet, Trio, Ensemble (Clarinet - Trumpet - Bb Tenor Sax, Bb Book)
E Flat Clarinet Solos With Piano - Fantaisie Concertante
Les vêpres siciliennes (Act V, Terzetto Finale: Sorte fatal! o fier cimento! (soprano, tenor, bass)): Clarinet 1 and 2 parts (Qty 2 each) [A5084]
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Meet Virginia Laurusevage
By Emma Shaller Many people may know Virginia Laurusevage as a local seamstress with a shop at 439 East Mahanoy Street, but there are a lot of things you may not know she has done for our community. For example, she has made tons of beautiful... Read More
Coalcracker Bushcraft
By Meredith Rhoades When you think of Schuylkill County, do awesome hiking trails or spectacular views come to mind? For Dan Wowak (above), a Mahanoy City native, the local woods sparked his passion for the outdoors and led to a career in wilderness survival skills, which... Read More
Leslie Richardson: Coal Cracker Project Coordinator
By Meredith Rhoades The Coal Cracker Kids Board of Directors recently hired Leslie Richardson, of Mahanoy City, as the new Project Coordinator to lead development of Coal Cracker youth-led news. Here, we introduce our readers to Richardson with a quick question and answer session to help... Read More
Channel Your Inner Honey Badger
By Meredith Rhoades Living your life like a honey badger may sound bizarre, but to Sharon Smith, it means that she is doing exactly what she is meant to do. Sharon is a Mahanoy City native who has recently discovered a love for ultramarathons — which... Read More
Edie's Grier City History Lesson
Know Your Neighbors By Serena Bennett Edith "Edie" Messerschmidt, a local knowledgeable Grier City resident, has lived in Grier City since 1973 when she married her late husband, William Messerschmidt, whom she met at the White Birch Golf Course, in Barnesville. Coal Cracker talked to Edie about... Read More
Running Across the Continents
Marathoner Michael Messerschmidt By Meredith Rhoades Michael Messerschmidt isn't your typical eighth grade civics teacher; he's an avid runner who has finished a total of 44 marathons. He has run a marathon on every continent and plans to run one in every US state (up... Read More
Citizen of the Year: Peg Grigalonis
By Serena Bennett The Mahanoy City Elks Lodge No. 695 recently named Margaret "Peg" (Guinan) Grigalonis, of Barnesville, as Citizen of the Year. "I was honored by one of the most esteemed organizations in Mahanoy City, the Elks, where my father and grandfather, Abe Hawkes, and... Read More
James Harden Off the Court
By Meredith Rhoades Selfie by James Harden At only 26, shooting guard James Harden of the Houston Rockets is already an elite basketball player. He grew up in Los Angeles and attended Arizona State University. He has been named NBA All-Star three times, All-NBA First Team two... Read More
Remembering Ray Cavenas
Family, Community Service and Bear Pride Photo captions by Joei Shaller Photos courtesy Keri Cavenas Coal Cracker Advisor Raymond Anthony Cavenas, of Mahanoy City, passed away peacefully on Wednesday, July 7 at Hershey Medical Center surrounded by family and friends. Born on June 5, 1966, Ray was the son... Read More
Code Enforcement Officer Bill Killian
Know Your Neighbors By Kassidy Ravina There was a time when Mahanoy City was a nice looking, friendly little town. If you took a ride around Mahanoy City today, however, you'd see why having a code enforcement officer is very important to our community. Although many people... Read More