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a place for zinesters - writers and readers
3 Quatros (short short poems)
3 recent Quatros*
there and
not there
one branch
rumble, rumble, …
boxcar, boxcar, …
What is a QUATRO. It's a new type of very very short poetry that usually compares two things, in a haiku – way, packing a lot of meaning in a very small amount of words. There is usually a very real comparison, and behind it a 2nd deeper meaning. Here is…
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The new ERF melt filter series from Ettlinger North America, Chicago, reportedly can filter plastics with contamination levels up to 16%, vs. 0.5% to 1% for conventional filters. The special design features a rotating filter drum that carries the foreign particles to a scraper, which lifts up the contamination and guides it directly to a discharge screw. The ERF's holes are drilled and thus cannot expand, unlike wire, screen, or mesh filters, the company says. Also, the ERF Filter has conical holes to prevent blocking of the filter surface. The rotating drum design is said to be well suited for filtering plastics contaminated with rubber and silicone.
The speed of the filter and discharge screw, and the pressing force of the scraper, automatically adjust to the melt pressure in front of the filter. As a result, the foreign particles make up 60% to 70% of the mass of the discharged material, reducing melt loss. For example, a typical contamination content of 5% will result in a melt loss of only 2%. The continuous cleaning action of the ERF means more consistent melt pressure in the process. Labor can be minimized with a fully automatic, continuous version.
Editor PickCanadian Water Bottler Gets More Than Expected From New PET Recycling Line
Bottle-to-bottle PET recycling line recycles pre-washed post-consumer PET bottle flake.

subset: commoncrawl


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The Atlanta Braves should have two big pieces returning to their roster right after the All-Star break. Rookie power-hitter Evan Gattis and speedy outfielder Jordan Schafer are expected to return for games immediately after the mid-season exhibition game.
Gattis traveled with the Braves to Philadelphia and Miami and has done light workouts. Those include soft-toss hitting and some bullpen catching. He is expected to start taking batting practice no later than this weekend at Turner Field as he continues rehabbing his right oblique strain.
Schafer has been on the DL with a severely bruised right ankle suffered when he fouled a ball into the area during a game. He started light running yesterday and appeared to be moving well.
The Braves have struggled without their two best bench players. Gattis was great coming off the bench in key, late game situations, and Schafer is leading the Braves in on-base-percentage and stolen bases.
Should the Braves continue to be inconsistent offensively, both Gattis and Schafer could assume significantly larger roles in the second half of the season.
The Braves will conclude their series against the Marlins this afternoon at 12:40, then head home for a big 4-game series against the Cincinnati Reds.


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Obtaining A Greater Position For Many Of Your Pages!
In one of my posts, I discussed how to promote your web site link twice. It step by step out how to promote not just www.yoursite.com but how you need to also promote your website minus the www., like this: http://yoursite.com.
This short article would be to discuss promoting ALL of your pages inside your strategy. To check up additional information, consider glancing at: linkemperor. See, most of us generally only increase the key site on our internet sites. Ex. www.yoursite.com. The reality is, your website is much more than just the 1st page right? Well, let's condition ourselves to market anything available in your site...
Search Engine Marketing is a must for all companies who wish to succeed online. Learn further on our favorite related website by going to compare link emperor. I am sure at one-point or yet another, you'll hear how 'Optimizing your site for search engines is crucial.' Obviously, they're not fooling you, it is a crucial marketing strategy but, what's also crucial is learning how to make use of different resources when you've enhanced your website for the net to improve your se placements. Discover further about linkempereor by browsing our great essay.
Therefore let's talk about the marketing techniques available to you and implement strategies on how to market all of your pages with-in them.
Link recognition has turned into a norm for most small companies to apply within their everyday selling activities. Here's the problem, most companies that perform link trades daily fail to put it to use for their advantage. For ex. Let's say you conduct approximately 1-0 link exchanges daily. For every single one, you submitted your link 'www.yoursite.com.' What it's also important to start applying is submitting 10 different links within your site.
Ex Link Exchanges:
Link #1: http://yoursite.com
Link #2: http://yoursite.com/resources
Link #3: http://www.yoursite.com/services
And so on...
A great approach would be to start 'Note Pad' and produce all of the links you want to promote.
1) Add each link
2) Assign a proper subject to each link
3) Create an appropriate explanation for every single link
Now all you have to accomplish is to copy and paste each link when doing your daily link exchanges.
Would you write articles to advertise your site??? If you do, then you probably have developed a 'Resource Box' by the end of each article right??? Good, let's change a bit to the reference field.
My site is host to 100's of Marketing Articles and the 1 thing I notice time & time again is that each writer (no disrespect to any of the wonderful authors) An average of just add the main site of their web site within their 'resource field.'
OK, let us say you write articles about 'Search Engine Marketing Techniques.' At the end of the article, add a link to a page on your site that covers 'Search Engine Marketing' or some thing similar.
Ex. http://www.yoursite.com/search_engine_marketing.html
Therefore with that in mind, decide to try studying your entire articles to point to certain pages on your own website. Dig up more on our related article by clicking link emperor forum.
Submitting your site to sites gives your site long-lasting traffic. Not all sites will accept any link from your site besides the main page. This can be ok though, there are virtually 100's of other websites that will allow you to publish any site you want.
Test out this and try to change up your entire links as soon as your posting to directories.
I'd PERHAPS not RECOMMEND : Using any such thing besides your main site for directories like: OPD Open Project Directory or Yahoo.
So now you have 3 proven marketing strategies on how best to increase your search-engine positions for all of one's pages in place of only your main site. Be creative with this and seek out more strategies you'll be able to implement this tactic with..


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The EU-wide share of renewable energy has increased from 14.3% in 2012 to 15% in 2013. Based on preliminary data for 2014, the EEA had estimated further growth in the share of renewable energy at 15.2%. This upward trend was recently confirmed by Eurostat (16%) showing growth which was even stronger than anticipated.
The additional consumption of renewable energy, compared to the level of consumption in 2005, has allowed the EU to cut its demand for fossil fuels by 110 Million tonnes of oil equivalent (Mtoe) in 2013. This is equivalent to a gross reduction of carbon dioxide emissions of 362 Million tonnes (Mt) in 2013.
The data shows that renewable energy sources are playing a key part in Europe's energy transition and are complementing climate change mitigation policies while improving Europe's overall energy security.
Europe is playing a leading role in developing clean energy sources. Throughout 2005-2014, Europe had the highest shares of global new investments in renewable energy technologies, being surpassed by China only in 2013. The EU is also one of the key players with regard to employment in the renewable energy sector.
As renewables growth is picking up also in other parts of the world, the EU needs to sustain and increase its efforts to support and develop renewable energy sources in order to maintain its competitive advantage. However, certain forms of renewable energy can impact health and the environment such as traditional use of biomass or large infrastructure projects such as hydroelectricity.
This report is an update to last year's Renewable energy in Europe report (LINK) and shows in detail developments in renewable energy uptake since 2005. It also complements last year's 'Trends and Projections in Europe 2015 – Tracking progress towards Europe's climate and energy targets' report.]]>
EEA Executive Director Hans Bruyninckx said: "Europe's efforts to cut greenhouse gas emissions and invest in energy efficiency and renewable energy have resulted in concrete gains. Our report shows that the EU is on track towards its 2020 climate targets. The report also shows that to achieve our longer-term goals for 2030 and 2050, a fundamental change is needed in the way we produce and use energy in Europe."
The EEA report reveals that according to approximated ('proxy') estimates for 2014 greenhouse gas, emissions fell by 4% in 2014 compared to 2013. This was partly due to an unusually warm year, which lowered energy demand. This means the EU's domestic greenhouse gas emissions were 23% below 1990 levels in 2014.
Latest projections by Member States[1] show the EU is heading for a 24% reduction by 2020 with current measures in place, and a 25% reduction with additional measures already being planned in Member States. The EU is therefore also on track towards its Kyoto Protocol target for the second commitment period from 2013 to 2020.
Reductions in greenhouse gas emissions are projected to continue beyond 2020 but at a slower pace. According to projections submitted by Member States, planned reductions are estimated to bring emissions between 27% (with current measures) and 30% (with additional measures already being planned by Member States) below 1990 levels by 2030. New policies will therefore need to be put in place to meet the 40% reduction target by 2030. As President Juncker stated in his State of the European Union -speech, European Commission has already taken the first legislative step towards implementing the EU's 2030 targets with its proposal to revise the EU Emissions Trading System (ETS).
|Progress to targets
GHG emissions
Emissions compared to 1990 levels
|2020 targets
|– 20%
|2013 levels
|– 19.8%
|2014 levels (approximate)
|– 23%
|Member States' 2020 projections
|– 24% to – 25%
|Number of Member States 'on track'
|Member States' 2030 projections
|– 27% to – 30%
|Anna-Kaisa Itkonen
|Gülçin Karadeniz
European Commission
|European Environment Agency
|Tel: +32 (0)2 29 56186
Mobile: +32 (0)460 764 328
|Tel: +45 33 36 71 72
Mobile: +45 23 68 36 53
|Email: email@example.com
|Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
This EEA annual report provides an updated assessment of the progress of the European Union and European countries towards their climate mitigation and energy targets.
The European Environment Agency (EEA) is an agency of the European Union. It aims to support sustainable development and to help achieve significant and measurable improvement in Europe's environment by providing timely, targeted, relevant and reliable information to policymaking agents and the public. It is supported in its work by the European environment information and observation network (Eionet), a network of 39 European countries.
[1] Projections were made before 2014 estimates were available]]>
Energy production and use causes numerous environmental and health impacts. Today, fossil fuels continue to dominate the energy mix in Europe, contributing to climate change and air pollution. This highlights the need to rethink energy systems and move quickly to a low carbon economy and society.
The SOER 2015 briefing on energy provides an overview of the status, trends and prospects relating to energy production and use at a European level. This SOER 2015 cross-country comparison focuses on GIEC and the contribution of renewable energy.
About the indicator
Partly as a result of numerous policy and reporting frameworks at national, European and international levels, a variety of measures and definitions are used to quantify energy generation and use. European Environment Agency (EEA) indicators provide information on primary energy consumption, GIEC, final energy consumption and gross final energy consumption.[1]
The indicator 'GIEC by fuel' measures the quantity of energy consumed within the national territory of a country by fuel type and it is expressed in tonnes of oil equivalents. It is regularly published as part of Eurostat energy statistics and has a high comparability amongst countries and over time.
Energy is an important policy priority. As part of the Europe 2020 Strategy,[2] the EU has committed that by 2020, it will reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 20% compared to 1990 levels; increase the share of renewable energy sources to 20% of gross final energy consumption; and increase energy efficiency by cutting primary energy use by 20%.[3]
Transposing European energy policy frameworks into effective national legislation is not without challenges. National policy frameworks are evolving across Europe with debates at local, national and European level on how to achieve the transition towards a low-carbon and energy-efficient future.[4]
The EEA has published climate and energy profiles for each EEA member country. The profiles provide information on energy demand and on progress towards meeting targets for renewable energy and for energy efficiency.[5] The profiles also provide information on national targets, policies and measures for both renewable energy and energy efficiency.
There was a small overall increase in total GIEC in European countries from 1990 to 2012 although it remained fairly constant for the EU-28 as a whole. National trends vary significantly during this period with GIEC decreasing in 13 countries and increasing in 20 (see Figure 1). The largest percentage decreases were recorded in Lithuania, Latvia and Romania, reflecting structural changes in the economy and improved energy efficiency. The largest increases were recorded in Iceland, Turkey and Cyprus.
Changes in the fuel mix used to generate energy have an important influence on environmental impacts. Although consumption of solid fuels (coal and lignite) and oil have declined since 1990, consumption of coal has increased again in recent years. The overall share of renewable energy sources in GIEC more than doubled between 1990 and 2012. However, there was substantial variation amongst countries in how the fuel mix changed over this period.
Between 1990 and 2012, there was an increase in the absolute quantity of renewable energy contributing to GIEC in all countries except Serbia. The percentage share also increased between 1990 and 2012 in all countries except Turkey (–8.3%) and Norway (–7.5%), with the largest percentage increases recorded in Latvia (23.2%), Iceland (22.9%) and Denmark (17.6%) (see Figure 2).
Developments concerning renewable energy should be considered in the context of very different national baselines against which change has been measured. Norway started from a relatively high baseline, and from 1990 to 2012 it had the second highest share of renewable energies in the fuel mix.
Reducing energy consumption, improving energy efficiency, and increasing the share of renewable energy are the main ways that European countries are responding to the challenges of reducing GHG emissions, improving energy security, improving resource efficiency, and reducing exposure to the volatility of fossil-fuel prices on the world market. However, in many countries, the economic crisis has led to a reduction in the resources available for activities such as the enforcement of standards in the building sector, or for financial assistance for energy efficiency measures and renewable energy.
The EU will meet its 20-20-20 commitments on GHG emissions and renewables. Although it may just fall short of its commitment to cut primary energy use by 20% by 2020, particularly if the reductions in energy use resulting from the 2008 economic crisis and subsequent recessions are not sustained.
The majority of countries are making progress in terms of increasing the share of renewables. The target to increase the share of renewable energy sources to 20% is based on gross final energy consumption rather than GIEC. The EEA has published an assessment of the share of renewable energy in gross final energy consumption in EEA member countries along with an indication of progress towards national targets (where applicable).[4] In 2012, only three countries had not reached the indicative trajectories for meeting renewable energy targets (France, Malta and the Netherlands).[4] According to national forecasts 23 EU Member States expect to meet their binding 2020 renewables target on their own without having to use statistical transfers or other cooperation mechanisms provided by the Renewable Energy Directive.[6]
Countries have selected different approaches when setting their national target to reduce primary energy use by 20% by 2020. Some focus on primary energy consumption, others on final energy consumption or primary energy intensity.[1] Different modelling frameworks and assumptions have also been used along with the adoption of a range of different base years against which progress will be measured.
As each national target reflects specific national circumstances, this has led to different ambitions, with countries aiming for either a reduction in energy consumption, stabilisation, or a cap on how much energy consumption can increase relative to a baseline year. Targets are also under revision in some countries, with a range of national policy developments underway that will impact on the final target. The EEA has published a study comparing the situation in 2011 to national targets. [5]
While there has been a lot of progress in energy efficiency policy, there is significant variation between countries in the level of ambition and coherence of their policy measures and how they implement and monitor their policies. Some have developed a well-balanced package of measures across different sectors whereas others do very little beyond the minimum required by EU directives. The EEA has made an overall assessment of EU Member States' progress towards improving energy efficiency.[4] As further improvements are required in the majority of countries, some examples of good practice in energy efficiency are highlighted below.
Denmark provides a positive example in terms of creating an overall support framework characterised by strong links between national and regional strategies, good coordination, transparency, information and education activities, and involvement of regional and local authorities in the policy framework.
Significant progress has been observed in most countries in the public and building sectors and in setting up appropriate governance structures for energy efficiency, such as energy agencies. Finland and Belgium are examples of good practice in the public sector, with Finland developing a coherent sectoral strategy and Belgium implementing measures so the public sector can act as a role model. Germany and France provide examples of good practice in relation to the building sector. France has taken a leading role in enforcement, while Germany has led in relation to information, financing and setting up a governance framework.
For energy policy more broadly, good practice concerning education, capacity building and energy audits are found in Austria, Estonia and Finland. Bulgaria represents a good example for setting targets for individual companies and Sweden is a good example in setting targets for energy-intensive industries.
Improving energy efficiency and increasing renewable energy will not only reduce GHG emissions and improve air quality, but also contribute to a reduction in environmental pressures and impacts in areas such as human health, water, biodiversity, resource use, and land use. Integrated planning of renewable energy projects and infrastructures with sharing of best practice amongst countries will be essential to improving deployment of renewable energy sources and enhancing public support for these projects.]]>
Subsidies play an important role in sending signals to the energy market. Support for renewable energy has increased in recent years, while at the same time EU plans to phase out 'environmentally harmful subsidies' have received increased attention.
Nonetheless, there are still significant numbers of support mechanisms for conventional energy sources (nuclear and fossil fuels). The report identified 582 support measures in place in 2012 in 32 EEA member countries, 53 % associated with fossil fuels and 41 % with renewable energy. However, the report only compares the financial volume of support for different energy technologies in four target countries: the Czech Republic, the Netherlands, Spain and Switzerland.
Renewable energy support has successfully expanded markets and driven technology development, but some support could be better focused, the report found, helping Europe to promote innovation, stay at the forefront of technology and fully reap the economic benefits of renewables.
A higher carbon price can also drive innovation, the report found. Countries with a higher effective tax rate on carbon dioxide emissions generally have a higher rate of patent applications in renewable technologies.
The in-depth analysis of four case study countries also points to many other factors driving innovation, including political will, pre-existing innovation capabilities, and a high level of investment in research and development for renewable technologies.]]>
These profiles are composed of a first 2-page section with key climate- and energy-related data, including visual representations of trends and projections, and a second 2-page section which describes the climate and energy policy framework at national level.
The profiles complement the assessment of progress towards climate and energy targets for 2020, available in the latest EEA report "Trends and projections in Europe".
These profiles are compiled in the document "Climate and energy country profiles 2014". They are also available individually:


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Michigan Legislature sends right-to-work to governor
Michigan Gov. Rick Snyder has signed right-to-work legislation, dealing a devastating and once-unthinkable defeat to organized labor in a state that has been a cradle of the movement for generations.
He put his signatures on the bills Tuesday, hours after the state House passed the measures as the chants of thousands of angry pro-union protesters filled the Capitol.
Snyder says a failed ballot proposal to enshrine collective bargaining rights in the constitution triggered the discussion that led to the passage and signing of right-to-work.
During a news conference, he called the protests "an exercise in democracy."
Earlier version
The Michigan Legislature has given final approval to a contentious right-to-work plan limiting the power of unions, sending it to Republican Gov. Rick Snyder for his expected signature.
The GOP-controlled House passed two bills Tuesday that were previously approved by the Senate. One dealt with public-sector workers and another focused on the private sector. Both chambers had approved a version of the private sector bill last week.
Snyder says he expects to sign the plan as early as Wednesday.
Suggested Links
The labor stronghold of Michigan would become the 24th right-to-work state, banning requirements that nonunion employees pay unions for negotiating contracts and other services.
Passage followed numerous unsuccessful challenges from Democrats as well as raucous protests inside and outside the Capitol from thousands of pro-union demonstrators.
(Copyright 2012 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.)


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This is the fruit of the proposals in the DrupalCon Amsterdam 2014 keynote! https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4NN5EM4CYVE
On digital experiences, Open Source, startups & the future
There exist millions of Open Source projects today, but many of them aren't sustainable. Scaling Open Source projects in a sustainable manner is difficult. A prime example is OpenSSL, which plays a critical role in securing the internet. Despite its importance, the entire OpenSSL development team is relatively small, consisting of 11 people, 10 of whom are volunteers. In 2014, security researchers discovered an important security bug that exposed millions of websites. Like OpenSSL, most Open Source projects fail to scale their resources. Notable exceptions are the Linux kernel, Debian, Apache, Drupal, and WordPress, which have foundations, multiple corporate sponsors and many contributors that help these projects scale.
We (Dries Buytaert is the founder and project lead of Drupal and co-founder and Chief Technology Officer of Acquia and Matthew Tift is a Senior Developer at Lullabot and Drupal 8 configuration system co-maintainer) believe that the Drupal community has a shared responsibility to build Drupal and that those who get more from Drupal should consider giving more. We examined commit data to help understand who develops Drupal, how much of that work is sponsored, and where that sponsorship comes from. We will illustrate that the Drupal community is far ahead in understanding how to sustain and scale the project. We will show that the Drupal project is a healthy project with a diverse community of contributors. Nevertheless, in Drupal's spirit of always striving to do better, we will also highlight areas where our community can and should do better.
In the spring of 2015, after proposing ideas about giving credit and discussing various approaches at length, Drupal.org added the ability for people to attribute their work to an organization or customer in the Drupal.org issue queues. Maintainers of Drupal themes and modules can award issues credits to people who help resolve issues with code, comments, design, and more.
Drupal.org's credit system captures all the issue activity on Drupal.org. This is primarily code contributions, but also includes some (but not all) of the work on design, translations, documentation, etc. It is important to note that contributing in the issues on Drupal.org is not the only way to contribute. There are other activities—for instance, sponsoring events, promoting Drupal, providing help and mentoring—important to the long-term health of the Drupal project. These activities are not currently captured by the credit system. Additionally, we acknowledge that parts of Drupal are developed on GitHub and that credits might get lost when those contributions are moved to Drupal.org. For the purposes of this post, however, we looked only at the issue contributions captured by the credit system on Drupal.org.
What we learned is that in the 12-month period from July 1, 2015 to June 30, 2016 there were 32,711 issue credits—both to Drupal core as well as all the contributed themes and modules—attributed to 5,196 different individual contributors and 659 different organizations.
Despite the large number of individual contributors, a relatively small number do the majority of the work. Approximately 51% of the contributors involved got just one credit. The top 30 contributors (or top 0.5% contributors) account for over 21% of the total credits, indicating that these individuals put an incredible amount of time and effort in developing Drupal and its contributed modules:
|Wim Leers
|drunken monkey
As mentioned above, from July 1, 2015 to June 30, 2016, 659 organizations contributed code to Drupal.org. Drupal is used by more than one million websites. The vast majority of the organizations behind these Drupal websites never participate in the development of Drupal; they use the software as it is and do not feel the need to help drive its development.
Technically, Drupal started out as a 100% volunteer-driven project. But nowadays, the data suggests that the majority of the code on Drupal.org is sponsored by organizations in Drupal's ecosystem. For example, of the 32,711 commit credits we studied, 69% of the credited work is "sponsored".
We then looked at the distribution of how many of the credits are given to volunteers versus given to individuals doing "sponsored work" (i.e. contributing as part of their paid job):
Looking at the top 100 contributors, for example, 23% of their credits are the result of contributing as volunteers and 56% of their credits are attributed to a corporate sponsor. The remainder, roughly 21% of the credits, are not attributed. Attribution is optional so this means it could either be volunteer-driven, sponsored, or both.
As can be seen on the graph, the ratio of volunteer versus sponsored don't meaningfully change as we look beyond the top 100—the only thing that changes is that more credits that are not attributed. This might be explained by the fact that occasional contributors might not be aware of or understand the credit system, or could not be bothered with setting up organizational profiles for their employer or customers.
As shown in jamadar's screenshot above, a credit can be marked as volunteer and sponsored at the same time. This could be the case when someone does the minimum required work to satisfy the customer's need, but uses his or her spare time to add extra functionality. We can also look at the amount of code credits that are exclusively volunteer credits. Of the 7,874 credits that marked volunteer, 43% of them (3,376 credits) only had the volunteer box checked and 57% of them (4,498) were also partially sponsored. These 3,376 credits are one of our best metrics to measure volunteer-only contributions. This suggests that only 10% of the 32,711 commit credits we examined were contributed exclusively by volunteers. This number is a stark contrast to the 12,888 credits that were "purely sponsored", and that account for 39% of the total credits. In other words, there were roughly four times as many "purely sponsored" credits as there were "purely volunteer" credits.
When we looked at the 5,196 users, rather than credits, we found somewhat different results. A similar percentage of all users had exclusively volunteer credits: 14% (741 users). But the percentage of users with exclusively sponsored credits is only 50% higher: 21% (1077 users). Thus, when we look at the data this way, we find that users who only do sponsored work tend to contribute quite a bit more than users who only do volunteer work.
None of these methodologies are perfect, but they all point to a conclusion that most of the work on Drupal is sponsored. At the same time, the data shows that volunteer contribution remains very important to Drupal. We believe there is a healthy ratio between sponsored and volunteer contributions.
Because we established that most of the work on Drupal is sponsored, we know it is important to track and study what organizations contribute to Drupal. Despite 659 different organizations contributing to Drupal, approximately 50% of them got 4 credits or less. The top 30 organizations (roughly top 5%) account for about 29% of the total credits, which suggests that the top 30 companies play a crucial role in the health of the Drupal project. The graph below shows the top 30 organizations and the number of credits they received between July 1, 2015 and June 30, 2016:
While not immediately obvious from the graph above, different types of companies are active in Drupal's ecosystem and we propose the following categorization below to discuss our ecosystem.
|Traditional Drupal businesses
|Small-to-medium-sized professional services companies that make money primarily using Drupal. They typically employ less than 100 employees, and because they specialize in Drupal, many of these professional services companies contribute frequently and are a huge part of our community. Examples are Lullabot (shown on graph) or Chapter Three (shown on graph).
|Digital marketing agencies
|Larger full-service agencies that have marketing led practices using a variety of tools, typically including Drupal, Adobe Experience Manager, Sitecore, WordPress, etc. They are typically larger, with the larger agencies employing thousands of people. Examples are Sapient (shown on graph) or AKQA.
|System integrators
|Larger companies that specialize in bringing together different technologies into one solution. Example system agencies are Accenture, TATA Consultancy Services, Capgemini or CI&T.
|Technology and infrastructure companies
|Examples are Acquia (shown on graph), Lingotek (shown on graph), BlackMesh, RackSpace, Pantheon or Platform.sh.
|Examples are Pfizer (shown on graph), Examiner.com (shown on graph) or NBC Universal.
Most of the top 30 sponsors are traditional Drupal companies. Sapient (120 credits) is the only digital marketing agency showing up in the top 30. No system integrator shows up in the top 30. The first system integrator is CI&T, which ranked 31st with 102 credits. As far as system integrators are concerned CI&T is a smaller player with between 1,000 and 5,000 employees. Other system integrators with credits are Capgemini (43 credits), Globant (26 credits), and TATA Consultancy Services (7 credits). We didn't see any code contributions from Accenture, Wipro or IBM Global Services. We expect these will come as most of them are building out Drupal practices. For example, we know that IBM Global Services already has over 100 people doing Drupal work.
When we look beyond the top 30 sponsors, we see that roughly 82% of the code contribution on Drupal.org comes from the traditional Drupal businesses. About 13% of the contributions comes from infrastructure and software companies, though that category is mostly dominated by one company, Acquia. This means that the technology and infrastructure companies, digital marketing agencies, system integrators and end-users are not meaningfully contributing code to Drupal.org today. In an ideal world, the pie chart above would be sliced in equal sized parts.
How can we explain that unbalance? We believe the two biggest reasons are: (1) Drupal's strategic importance and (2) the level of maturity with Drupal and Open Source. Various of the traditional Drupal agencies have been involved with Drupal for 10 years and almost entirely depend on on Drupal. Given both their expertise and dependence on Drupal, they are most likely to look after Drupal's development and well-being. These organizations are typically recognized as Drupal experts and sought out by organizations that want to build a Drupal website. Contrast this with most of the digital marketing agencies and system integrators who have the size to work with a diversified portfolio of content management platforms, and are just getting started with Drupal and Open Source. They deliver digital marketing solutions and aren't necessarily sought out for their Drupal expertise. As their Drupal practices grow in size and importance, this could change, and when it does, we expect them to contribute more. Right now many of the digital marketing agencies and system integrators have little or no experience with Open Source so it is important that we motivate them to contribute and then teach them how to contribute.
There are two main business reasons for organizations to contribute: (1) it improves their ability to sell and win deals and (2) it improves their ability to hire. Companies that contribute to Drupal tend to promote their contributions in RFPs and sales pitches to win more deals. Contributing to Drupal also results in being recognized as a great place to work for Drupal experts.
We also should note that many organizations in the Drupal community contribute for reasons that would not seem to be explicitly economically motivated. More than 100 credits were sponsored by colleges or universities, such as the University of Waterloo (45 credits). More than 50 credits came from community groups, such as the Drupal Bangalore Community and the Drupal Ukraine Community. Other nonprofits and government organization that appeared in our data include the Drupal Association (166), National Virtual Library of India (25 credits), Center for Research Libraries (20), and Welsh Government (9 credits).
Infrastructure and software companies play a different role in our community. These companies are less reliant on professional services (building Drupal websites) and primarily make money from selling subscription based products.
Acquia, Pantheon and Platform.sh are venture-backed Platform-as-a-Service companies born out of the Drupal community. Rackspace and AWS are public companies hosting thousands of Drupal sites each. Lingotek offers cloud-based translation management software for Drupal.
The graph above suggests that Pantheon and Platform.sh have barely contributed code on Drupal.org during the past year. (Platform.sh only became an independent company 6 months ago after they split off from CommerceGuys.) The chart also does not reflect sponsored code contributions on GitHub (such as drush), Drupal event sponsorship, and the wide variety of value that these companies add to Drupal and other Open Source communities.
Consequently, these data show that the Drupal community needs to do a better job of enticing infrastructure and software companies to contribute code to Drupal.org. The Drupal community has a long tradition of encouraging organizations to share code on Drupal.org rather than keep it behind firewalls. While the spirit of the Drupal project cannot be reduced to any single ideology-- not every organization can or will share their code -- we would like to see organizations continue to prioritize collaboration over individual ownership. Our aim is not to criticize those who do not contribute, but rather to help foster an environment worthy of contribution.
We saw two end-users in the top 30 corporate sponsors: Pfizer (158 credits) and Examiner.com (132 credits). Other notable end-users that are actively giving back are Workday (52 credits), NBC Universal (40 credits), the University of Waterloo (45 credits) and CARD.com (33 credits). The end users that tend to contribute to Drupal use Drupal for a key part of their business and often have an internal team of Drupal developers.
Given that there are hundreds of thousands of Drupal end-users, we would like to see more end-users in the top 30 sponsors. We recognize that a lot of digital agencies don't want, or are not legally allowed, to attribute their customers. We hope that will change as Open Source continues to get more and more adopted.
Given the vast amount of Drupal users, we believe encouraging end-users to contribute could be a big opportunity. Being credited on Drupal.org gives them visibility in the Drupal community and recognizes them as a great place for Open Source developers to work.
As mentioned above, when community-driven Open Source projects grow, there becomes a bigger need for organizations to help drive its development. It almost always creates an uneasy alliance between volunteers and corporations.
This theory played out in the Linux community well before it played out in the Drupal community. The Linux project is 25 years old now has seen a steady increase in the number of corporate contributors for roughly 20 years. While Linux companies like Red Hat and SUSE rank highly on the contribution list, so do non-Linux-centric companies such as Samsung, Intel, Oracle and Google. The major theme in this story is that all of these corporate contributors were using Linux as an integral part of their business.
The 659 organizations that contribute to Drupal (which includes corporations), is roughly three times the number of organizations that sponsor development of the Linux kernel, "one of the largest cooperative software projects ever attempted". In fairness, Linux has a different ecosystem than Drupal. The Linux business ecosystem has various large organizations (Red Hat, Google, Intel, IBM and SUSE) for whom Linux is very strategic. As a result, many of them employ dozens of full-time Linux contributors and invest millions of dollars in Linux each year.
In the Drupal community, Acquia has had people dedicated full-time to Drupal starting nine years ago when it hired Gábor Hojtsy to contribute to Drupal core full-time. Today, Acquia has about 10 developers contributing to Drupal full-time. They work on core, contributed modules, security, user experience, performance, best practices, and more. Their work has benefited untold numbers of people around the world, most of whom are not Acquia customers.
In response to Acquia's high level of participation in the Drupal project, as well as to the number of Acquia employees that hold leadership positions, some members of the Drupal community have suggested that Acquia wields its influence and power to control the future of Drupal for its own commercial benefit. But neither of us believe that Acquia should contribute less. Instead, we would like to see more companies provide more leadership to Drupal and meaningfully contribute on Drupal.org.
|Not specified
|Drupal Association (182), Chapter Three (179), Tag1 Consulting (160), Cando (6), Acquia (4), Comm-press (1)
|Mediacurrent (342)
|Chapter Three (400)
|MD Systems (365), Acquia (9)
|Wim Leers
|Acquia (375)
|Drupal Association (13), Poplar ProductivityWare (13)
|Drupal Association (4)
|Valuebound (293), Drupal Bangalore Community (3)
|Commerce Guys (257), Bluehorn Digital (14), Gaggle.net, Inc. (12), LivePerson, Inc (11), Bluespark (5), DPCI (3), Thinkbean, LLC (3), Digital Bridge Solutions (2), Matsmart (1)
|drunken monkey
|Acquia (72), StudentFirst (44), epiqo (12), Vizala (9), Sunlime IT Services GmbH (1)
|PreviousNext (210), Code Drop (2)
|Acquia (67), Intracto digital agency (8)
|PreviousNext (168), Code Drop (34)
|MD Systems (184)
|Third and Grove (44), Tag1 Consulting (36), Drupal Association (4)
|Examiner.com (89), MD Systems (84), Acquia (18), Studio Matris (1)
|Acquia (167)
|MD Systems (118), ACTO Team (43), Google Summer of Code (13)
|Acquia (151)
|Valuebound (138), National Virtual Library of India (NVLI) (25)
|Acquia (112), Virtuoso Performance (22), Drupalize.Me (4), North Studio (4)
|Phase2 (124), Workday, Inc. (36), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (4)
|Acquia (119)
|Axelerant (145)
|Drupal Association (1)
|Commerce Guys (121), Bluespark (2)
|Lingotek (129), Cocomore AG (5)
|PreviousNext (85), Department of Justice & Regulation, Victoria (14), amaysim Australia Ltd. (1), University of Adelaide (1)
We observe that the top 30 contributors are sponsored by 45 organizations. This kind of diversity is aligned with our desire not to see Drupal controlled by a single organization. The top 30 contributors and the 45 organizations are from many different parts in the world and work with customers large or small. We could still benefit from more diversity, though. The top 30 lacks digital marketing agencies, large system integrators and end-users -- all of whom could contribute meaningfully to making Drupal for them and others.
The credit system gives us quantifiable data about where our community's contributions come from, but that data is not perfect. Here are a few suggested improvements:
Like Drupal the software, the credit system on Drupal.org is a tool that can evolve, but that ultimately will only be useful when the community uses it, understands its shortcomings, and suggests constructive improvements. In highlighting the organizations that sponsor work on Drupal.org, we hope to provoke responses that help evolve the credit system into something that incentivizes business to sponsor more work and that allows more people the opportunity to participate in our community, learn from others, teach newcomers, and make positive contributions. We view Drupal as a productive force for change and we wish to use the credit system to highlight (at least some of) the work of our diverse community of volunteers, companies, nonprofits, governments, schools, universities, individuals, and other groups.
Our data shows that Drupal is a vibrant and diverse community, with thousands of contributors, that is constantly evolving and improving the software. While here we have examined issue credits mostly through the lens of sponsorship, in future analyses we plan to consider the same issue credits in conjunction with other publicly-disclosed Drupal user data, such as gender identification, geography, seasonal participation, mentorship, and event attendance.
Our analysis of the Drupal.org credit data concludes that most of the contributions to Drupal are sponsored. At the same time, the data shows that volunteer contribution remains very important to Drupal.
As a community, we need to understand that a healthy Open Source ecosystem is a diverse ecosystem that includes more than traditional Drupal agencies. The traditional Drupal agencies and Acquia contribute the most but we don't see a lot of contribution from the larger digital marketing agencies, system integrators, technology companies, or end-users of Drupal—we believe that might come as these organizations build out their Drupal practices and Drupal becomes more strategic for them.
To grow and sustain Drupal, we should support those that contribute to Drupal, and find ways to get those that are not contributing involved in our community. We invite you to help us figure out how we can continue to strengthen our ecosystem.
We hope to repeat this work in 1 or 2 years' time so we can track our evolution. Special thanks to Tim Lehnen (Drupal Association) for providing us the credit system data and supporting us during our research.
This is the fruit of the proposals in the DrupalCon Amsterdam 2014 keynote! https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4NN5EM4CYVE
And I'm chagrined I never posted my blog post response to that keynote. I need to find the time to dust it off / publish it, but I'll abuse Dries's hospitality on this post for a second instead ... the biggest problem that a system based on d.o data will have is data integrity.
If we're going to attach monetary value to a data set (community spotlights, marketplace placement, free advertising, etc.), then we need some way to control that data and / or to audit it to ensure the system isn't being gamed. Otherwise we'll just end up benefiting the companies that are the most consistent at playing by the rules (or in the case of a bad actor, gaming the system). On the flip side, we also need to ensure that the system works consistently for everyone, and in the most generous scenario, we'd proactively train everyone to use it appropriately.
You don't have to assume bad actors to imagine data integrity being an issue, but I'm sure there's potential. I get people reopening / retitling / repurposing old issues all the time, and one of my long standing feature requests for d.o involves having more control over my issue queues as a maintainer. If someone can accidentally credit themselves or an organization, then surely they could figure out how to do it on purpose. (e.g. I've credited the wrong customer myself or realized after the fact that I had forgot to credit my own company.)
In remarkable coincidence for me at least, at the same time you posted this insightful blog I had literally just clicked 'submit' on my Birds of a Feather session for the upcoming DrupalCon Dublin entitled "Does Drupal need a Platform Cooperative?" which addresses similar issues. We even both mention the OpenSSL issue, mine with reference to the Core Infrastructure Initiative which came out of that issue - think of my BoF as an exploration of perhaps a similar initiative for the Drupal project:
I applaud your efforts at using stats to highlight where there are successes and failures in the contribution world currently, I have for a long time believed the solution is more nuanced. For example, selling Drupal as a product and referring it to only "Open Source" instead of "Free/Libre Open Source Software" fails to educate the end user as to how the software is created and maintained. Sure there are many companies who contribute to the code, there are hundreds and thousands more who get involved in the project for more altruistic reasons such as helping their local charity, church, friend, or whatever. They also contribute by using the software, speaking to their friends about it - I won't guess on more specifics, what I'm attempting to communicate is that everyone is a part of the project.
I love the fact big companies fund developments that I can use freely to help smaller businesses who couldn't afford to develop such fantastic functionality, however I fear if we just focus on those who can afford to give back because they take a lot we are missing the point. I often refer to Drupal like a bicycle - I don't call it "contributing" when I pedal my bicycle in order for it to transport me down the road, I just call it riding my bike. I feel not enough people know how Free/Libre Open Source Software works because we don't explain it well enough and we make it incredibly hard for people to contribute and with the current stated direction of the Drupal Association leaving the contributor journey behind it looks as if the focus will not be there again for at least another year with more focus on adoption in the hope that more will contribute back when it's plain to see from the charts and stats you have posted here that is not necessarily the case.
For many years I have been championing growing a member-owned co-operative "institution" to support the sustainable growth of the project, I don't feel just pumping more money in a top-down organisation will ever produce the desired outcome of a bottom-up community, I believe we need to support that top-down organisation with an open co-operative effort which has more ability to grow generic needs and not suffer from the trickle-down economy effect born from its roots in corporatism and command and control methodology. I do hope this year is the year when we can finally get some real tangible support behind the initiative and finally turn it into reality and we can kickstart more cooperation when it comes to maintaining and growing the pie for all, not just for those who can necessarily afford to do so, but for the greater good of the project and all those who believe in Drupal's ability to empower the world with a platform people of all abilities can use to build their virtual dreams.
Thanks for highlighting the contribution issues and I look forward to seeing you in Dublin!
As it so happens, we recently founded the Ægir Cooperative (http://aegir.coop), as a way to fund on-going development of the Aegir Project (a Drupal- and Drush-based Free/Libre Open Source Software hosting system for Drupal, CiviCRM and now WordPress).
Along similar lines, there are ongoing efforts to establish cooperative/collective organisations focused on building and maintaining distributions for:
* musicians and other media producers and distributors (https://opencollective.com/openproducer)
* grass-roots activists and non-profits (http://drutopia.org)
I'm certain that there are others, but these are the ones I'm involved in (whether directly or indirectly.) I believe that growing such community-driven cooperatives, focused on use-case-specific distributions of Drupal, will provide both upstream contributions and enable more bottom-up input.
It'd be interesting to analyse the contributions to Drupal core that were motivated by the needs of specific distributions. Aggregating along the lines of such sub-communities might provide further insight into where core contributions originate.
We also should note that many organizations in the Drupal community contribute for reasons that would not seem to be explicitly economically motivated. More than 100 credits were sponsored by colleges or universities, ...
Without analysing the specific contributions, an end-user like a university with a dedicated Drupal site building team is as likely to run into bugs, missing features, or modules to port as a Drupal agency.
In those cases a developer is paid for time building a site, and some of that time gets spent fixing a bug in a contributed module (and is attributed on Drupal.org) vs. say writing custom code or site building tasks, but the employer may not have any explicit intention to contribute to Drupal at all. They still have an 'economic interest' in the bug being fixed though, because their revenue as institutions is at least partly reliant on their websites working properly.
Acquia, Pantheon and Platform.sh are venture-backed Platform-as-a-Service companies born out of the Drupal community.
While this statement is not false, it misses some important information. Acquia has a large consulting side, which some other companies like Blackmesh don't. If we look at Acquia's issue credits: https://www.drupal.org/acquia#issue-credit of 527 contributions, around 1/3rd (180) were to core. The rest were to a large variety of contrib modules, which again without analysing the individual contributions seems as likely to come from Acquia's Professional Services division as it does from hosting.
So again, if you are paying Drupal developers to develop Drupal websites, some of their time will get spent fixing issues on Drupal.org. This is very different from a hosting company like Blackmesh explicitly sponsoring the time of Cathy Theys, or Acquia with OCTO, but at the moment everything gets lumped in together. When comparing companies, especially when you're the CTO and founder of one of them, it's useful to point out where the comparison is not apples to apples.
On twitter we discussed that it'd be good to include organisation size in these statistics. Many of the organisations shown in the major contributors list are quite small. See https://twitter.com/previousnext/status/756299015096905728
There's been some discussion on https://www.drupal.org/node/1975074 about marketplace ordering.
Right now it's purely on number of contributions, but that issue has suggestions to weight this by number of Drupal.org accounts (i.e. contributions / acccounts) and project usage (contributions * usage).
The problem with that is that most Drupal.org organization accounts are very outdated when it comes to employees, since there's no way for an organization to remove an employee. We spent a good month getting the DA to remove dozens of long gone Commerce Guys from our page.
Yeah I think organisation size is hard (both for the reasons Dries mentions and the reasons you mention).
Project usage would be less difficult though.
The only problem with size as a stat is it relies on number of employees on d.o, not actual number of employees (at least the Twitter graph does). At least I assume Commerce Guys has more employees than we do!
Those are valid points - however the chart is based on number of users on Drupal dot org as seen here (drupal dot org slash drupal-services - not total headcount.
Whilst IBM may have 350k employees, we'd not expect them to have that many accounts on Drupal dot org (30% of all accounts on drupal dot org).
User accounts on drupal dot org is a good measure as those with an account who work at a Drupal service provider (of any class) most likely derive a large portion of their income from Drupal related services and by nature of having an account also have the capacity to contribute.
Regardless, we have a shared goal - increasing contributions. For a technology that provides gainful employment to so many, so much work falls to so few.
Apologies for expressing urls in long form, only way to get around the spam filter.
All Commerce Guys employees are present on drupal.org, we're just smaller nowadays since Platform.sh has become a separate company.
Hah, I think I'm crossposting a colleague, but we actually have even fewer employees given some of the people still identifying themselves as Commerce Guys on d.o no longer work for us. ; )
Our team is 4 full-timers + 1 part-timer, and we stay quite active. : D #drupallove
Indeed, I chose a bad example!
Great write up and awesome to see this attribution system moving forward. One type of contributing organization not mentioned is Google Summer of Code and Google Code-In. Regardless of number of credits, Google funded $65,000 for Drupal's 11 projects in 2016. Checkout our service listing page @ https://www.drupal.org/google-summer-of-code-0 showing we committed code to 20+ modules on drupal.org and we're credited on 90+ issues fixed in the past 3 months. If interested in participating next year, join us @ https://groups.drupal.org/google-summer-code
Curious if our stats were included in data since our organization listing was just approved and now we're part of the top 20 @ https://www.drupal.org/organizations. It took weeks for our organization listing to be approved ( https://www.drupal.org/node/2730669 ). How many other organizations may not have been included in this data because they weren't approved yet?
Starting in a couple months will be Google Code-In. Students age 13-17 will be competing to complete small contribution tasks. GCI won't see as advanced contributions as GSoC, but any type of contribution is beneficial. If interesting mentoring GCI students, join us @ https://groups.drupal.org/google-code-in
How many other organizations are purely donating money to the Drupal project who might not be included in this data? In which way is their funding being utilized? How can the Drupal project show attribution back to these generous sources of funding?
This was a great write up! Chapter Three has been sponsoring Core developers and we are quite small (35 people) relative to some of the larger organizations that are mentioned here. Chapter Three will continue to do our sponsorship of core developers as it will give us a development edge when Drupal 8 gets real traction.
An unfortunate consequence of the uncompensated volunteer nature of Drupal contribution is poor software quality.
Both core and contrib modules have many, many, many reported bugs with little or no progress. Some are important and have existed for years or even a decade. In almost all cases, it isn't anyone's "job" to fix the bugs and shepherd them to commitment. When a module is small, a single motivated maintainer may take this on, motivated by a need from their other projects, personal satisfaction, or professional resume building.
But what happens when there is a large module, such as D7 Webform? I foolishly took over maintenance a few years ago from quicksketch. Progress on a significant update (7.x-3.x -> 7.x-4.x) had stalled, and there were hundreds of bugs, unanswered feature requested, and unanswered support requests. The "community" process had (and has) failed. There is no "Webform community." With very few exceptions, no one contributed to issues other than the one(s) they reported. Most issues had no patch, or if it had one by the OP, there was no review of it. This continues today.
Over the course of a couple of years, I devoted about 2000 hours (more now) of my personal time to releasing 7.x-4.0 (and beyond) and resolving the outstanding issues. Almost no one helped me, except the OPs (and often not even them). I made over 500 commits, which on an annual basis probably puts me around #10 within the Drupal community (at least on a commit basis). I essentially emptied the issue queue. I asked for monetary contributions. I got "paid" well under a dollar an hour. No employer sponsored my OSS time.
Consequently, I burned out. quicksketch agreed to take maintainership back when Acquia backed out of leading the D8 port in favor of the D8 contact module. The issue queue regrew its hundreds of issues and almost a hundred bugs. I was sponsored to implement a new feature and recently made a couple of releases in which I skimmed off any solid-looking patches. I say solid-looking because there is scant review in the issue queue and almost no RTBC issues.
So once again, Webform had nearly a hundred known bugs and dozens of reasonable features awaiting a dedicated volunteer. I've already given hundreds of thousands of dollars worth of my time to Webform and can't / won't continue this unsustainable effort.
There are hundreds of thousands of websites using Webform. They didn't bear the cost of developing it yet reap the benefit of using it. A select few have given heavily (at first willingly and later begrudgingly or resentfully) to the project. So now we are back to having an essentially unsupported, bug-laden, highly-popular module.
The huge task of porting Webform to D8 has stalled.
I know this is a difficult problem and I don't pretend to have an easy answer. Maybe someone else does.
This was a very well-researched blog post with lots of useful data points. I also like how you and Matthew put a spotlight on those who are actively contributing. Everyone appreciates recognition, especially from you for those that are involved with Drupal.
While this blog post purposely focused on more of the "who" the next step should be on the "why." For example, it would be great to see the DA craft collateral and content for why a new Drupal 8 adopter would want to publish a case study on drupal.org or contribute code. In my experience, this often involves trying to convince someone in a corporate Marketing/PR dept that has little context around what the strategic value is to the organization. This is the core problem we need to solve in order to diversify contributors. The attribution model is a huge step in the right direction. I thought your Amsterdam keynote was excellent - it really sparked some discussions we needed to have around this topic.
For larger SIs and digital agencies, there tends to be more pressure to focus on customer work and billable time. As you said, if they are not specialized in Drupal they struggle to see the value proposition around giving back to open source.
My only constructive feedback would be to leave out names of organizations that you'd like to see more involved. IMHO, you are more likely to motivate them by consistently reinforcing the positive benefits others are receiving by contributing. I also do not think you want to create a perception that you are particularly singling out competitors, who may not have the head-count or business model to contribute at the level you expect. This will end up diverting focus away from the problem.
My Partner and I at Mediacurrent are going to be speaking more about this at Drupalcamp Atlanta next month and will keep you posted when we finish the slides.
I do not say it enough, but thank you again for all that you do. I am looking forward to the community continuing the conversations on this subject.
I want to strongly second Ryan's comment http://buytaert.net/comment/128821#comment-128821 above. The more we rely on this dataset to create winners and losers in the ecosystem, the more critical it is for it be verifiably accurate. It is also important to understand that the benefits of promoting an organizations contributions are very tangible and can mean the difference between success and failure. The flip side is even worse: highlighting a failure to contribute can be even more harmful than the benefit received from promoting contributions. Basic human psychology, we focus on the negatives.
As it stands, I feel this dataset has tremendous gaps. Most organizational leaders that I interact with simply do not use the Drupal.org issue queue. I think there's a real danger that a close knit group of users and organizations that heavily leverage the d.o. issue queue in their workflows falsely assume that all others do as well. The intentions are all good, it's just a natural bias to have. At the least, it shouldn't be too difficult to contrast the total number of direct commits to all projects hosted on d.o. to the number of credits tracked via issues to see at least one dimension where the credit data is lacking.
I know that here at ThinkShout we actively maintain about 30 contributed modules, used by nearly 70,000 websites. Yet we have a mere pittance of issue credits over the same 3 months that we made several major releases to widely used modules. Yes, there are probably ways that we can better use the d.o. issue queue. But it's also not realistic for us to tailor our entire organizational workflows to accommodate this credit system.
Thanks for listening, and for moving the conversation forward!
Wow! I'm gratefully surprised about how seriously you are managing work attribution (maybe since Drupalcon Latinamerica?). Everybody have "the need for acknowledgement" (google it) at a certain level, so the moment we realize that community is people, that they have needs and we make sure their work has visibility, great things happen!
d.o is more fair now that one can choose to be attributed or not, and super cool we can give companies some attribution as well. Visibility helps companies to build trust, which is key for them to recruit and offer their products.
Thanks to everyone that makes this awesomeness happen!
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Roam the Iles
Here are two perfect people. Drew Elliott is a handsome, wealthy 45-year-old Southern doctor (and Rhodes Scholar, of course). Kate Townsend is a blond-haired, blue-eyed, brilliant, not-yet-18, half-English tennis phenom. But if their lives were really perfect, Greg Iles's new novel Turning Angel wouldn't have a plot, would it? Turns out poor Kate dies before page two of the book. And Dr. Elliott was screwing her some might call it committing statutory rape before she died.
But then, Iles is more interested in people than in plots. "My books are not about who did it," he says. "They're about why they did it. It's easy to condemn people for things they do, looking at them as an outsider. But in five years, we've found ourselves in the exact same spot."
That's why Iles revisits reluctantly, he confesses character Penn Cage, the golden-boy attorney from his best-seller The Quiet Game, to tell the story of Elliott and Townsend in Angel. "At first blush, it looks like something pretty reprehensible that Kate and Drew had going on. But through Penn, Drew's friend and an outsider to the story, you get a different perspective."
Often compared to John Grisham and Tom Clancy, Iles says he's flattered by the comparisons but wants to stretch the boundaries of what he writes and how his readers perceive him. According to Iles, the only common thread in all of his books which range from World War II thrillers to child-abuse dramas is that they probe the depths of the human psyche. Iles reads from and discusses Turning Angel .
Thu., Jan. 5, 6:30 p.m.
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From the Beatles' appearance on the Ed Sullivan Show, to the Sex Pistols' infamous live spat with Bill Grundy, television has been the most powerful medium to launch a pop career.
The Monkees had their own show, and since the 1980s, many Australian pop stars have got their break by obtaining instant stardom through shows like Neighbours, Home and Away and The Block.
But while stardom and recognition are one thing, they do not always translate into riches.
The members of manufactured pop act Bardot had their 15 minutes of fame thanks to Popstars, but saw little royalties as most of the money was recouped by their label for blanket promotion and video expenses.
Australian Idol has 2 million viewers who pay 55 cents to vote for their favourite performers, but how many are willing to buy the music?
The first single, Rise Up, hit No. 1, selling 42,000 copies, while the Australian Idol Final 12 has sold about 40,000 in three weeks.
The managing director of BMG, which runs the franchise with Channel Ten, Ed St John, said those two releases were just "souvenirs from the show". He expected the winner's single and the album to break all sales records.
"The main purpose of this show is the winner. I have absolutely no doubt that they will be the fastest selling records in the history of the Australian record business," Mr St John said.
Each of the 12 finalists had signed a contract with BMG, giving it the option of releasing their work, he said. He would not reveal the conditions of the contracts.
Mr St John could not confirm if the winning contract would be worth $1 million, as was promoted in the show's advertisements, but said much of it would be spent on promotion and marketing. The cost of the show would not be coming out of the artist's budget.
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Apple iPad mini. It will have a sleeker, narrower design with thinner bezels on both sides of the display. Some other changes from the fourth-gen iPad include the relocation of the microphone from the top to the back of the device
Sound familiar? That is because earlier on Friday we passed along a rumor that the 5th-gen iPad will be launched in the third quarter of this year and will arrive with a re-design offering thinner bezels similar to the iPad mini, and a sleeker design. Amazing how two completely different sources can come up with the same information. Well, almost the same information. According to MiniSuit, the new iPad will launch in June.
source: MacRumors via AppleInsider


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Carpenter is a 6' 2" 195 pound safety out of Ludowici, GA (Long County HS). Carpenter visited Miami last weekend and was previously committed to Central Florida.
Carpenter commits to the Jackets
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GoJackets.comThursday at 11:52 AM


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Best Cash Loans lead you to the top rated and trusted lenders who keep your financial and lending records safe. Ensuring safe transactions and healthy business relations the protection of the client's privacy is their highest priority. All parties benefit from the simple and convenient process. Clients who need fast cash loans and provide the necessary requirements are handled with superior customer care.
Cash loans are provided without any added fees and complications right away once the application is approved. The amount is deposited into your account with a quick and secure transaction. You can immediately use the funds for your urgent financial needs. Within 14 to 30 days the online lending companies will withdraw the amount from your account.
The repayment can be done in installment plans. You and the lending company agree on the terms which cover the payment process. For example, you can repay in 24 bi-weekly installments without any penalties if you opt for prepayments. Just like the approval for your cash loans, the repayment arrangement is made without complications. The top rated cash loan lending companies offer a selection of discounts and other advantages. Many online lenders accept bad credit score. Compare all the terms and select the best cash loan just for your needs.


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Allan McNish Becomes Formula One Analyst For Sky TV In Upcoming Grands Prix
by AllanMcNish.com on 6 July 2012 in Audi News
FIA World Endurance Championship leader Allan McNish is attending the British Grand Prix at Silverstone this weekend as an analyst for Sky Sports' F1 programme.
McNish, who also took on the role for the Monaco and recent European Grand Prix, will also do the same at the German and Hungarian Grands Prix.
The Dumfries-born driver resumes his WEC title challenge at Silverstone next month (26 August) – McNish having previously won the corresponding six hour race three times (2004/05/08) for Audi.


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|Topic Review (Newest First)
|Alex W
Re: Hawaii, Big Island -- dinghy/cat rental?
This is the closest thing that I've found, but I found it too late to take advantage of it:
Aloha Sailing LLC
It looks like $200 will get you a 2 month membership with this sailing club and unlimited access to their boats during that time. I'll probably look into signing up for this next time I'm on the Big Island.
|Alex W
Hawaii, Big Island -- dinghy/cat rental?
Are there any businesses or hotels that still rent small sailboats on the Big Island? I'll be there in early December and would love to get in a few hours of fun sailing. I'm aware that bareboat charters for keel boats are very uncommon in Hawaii, but was hoping to find a couple of hours of time on a something small.
I haven't been able to come up with much on internet searches.
I'd also be interested in recommendations for sailing outfits on the Big Island which do actually sail their boats instead of just motoring or motor sailing them. We haven't had much luck with this on previous Hawaiian trips.
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Luna Watch, just like its name suggests, you can tell it was inspired by the moon, one of fifth largest moon in the Solar System, a natural satellite of our Earth. The moon has also been known as a lunar deity or a goddess that inspires many troubadours, artists, writers, and many more.
I often make a wish on the moon as much the same as some might cry out love and some might long for another. Every single human being on the Earth watches exactly the same moon, but conceives totally different emotion and ideas. That is the way we human face her at sterling night. I paid my attention to this and it led me to design a product that can be possessed, my own moon. – Ilmo Ahn
Luna watch displays time by imitating the process of waxing and waning of the real moon. Waning to the right indicates AM and waning to the left indicates PM. By directly touching the moon, you can adjust the position, it's really cool concept, isn't it? This concept watch is rechargeable by connecting USB port at the side of the wrist band, you can browse the menu by adjusting the crown which is designed to make an impression of a conventional watch.
Designer : Ilmo Ahn


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Find A Session
Concurrent Session
Ditch the Performance Evaluation Tool? Let's Talk Leading Instead of Managing Performance
1.25 SHRM PDCs | Competencies: Relationship Management, HR Expertise, Communication | Intended Audience: Senior-level
Workplace Application:
This session will increase your knowledge so you can decide what philosophy to adapt regarding performance leadership vs. management.
This session will tackle a major question in talent management today: whether or not to keep or ditch your performance management tools. We will discuss the urgent need to create a positive focused performance culture based upon relationships and coaching that promotes retention and serves as a tool in this everincreasing war on talent. This session will address how to change performance management so that the process improves performance and retains good employees. You will learn:
- The ramifications of ditching your performance management tools while learning about the differences between the fundamental philosophies of leading versus managing performance.
- The various results tied to relationship- based and outcome- based performance focus and the appropriate balance between the two.


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Did You Know?
Ring-Tails spend more time on the ground than any other Lemur.
Community Days are just around the corner! Here are some quick tips:
Q: Where can I get a voucher for $1 admission?
Today is World Oceans Day! Every year on June 8, communities around the world celebrate all that the ocean offers: marine life, seafood, lanes for international trade, and more.
In 1996, Linda Wager began working at a place she often visited as a kid. She grew up in the area, and the zoo was a memorable part of her childhood.


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Warner Bros. has announced its definitive version of Batman: Arkham City in the shape of the Game of the Year Edition. The expanded version of Rocksteady Studios' Batman-sim is scheduled for release in the UK on 7th September for Xbox 360, PS3 and PC.
Fans of the Dark Knight will be able to access more than two hours of fresh gameplay in the shape of new chapter Harley Quinn's Revenge, while the disc will also include all five previously released DLC packs.
Fans who already own Batman: Arkham City will also be able to access the new gameplay by downloading the Harley Quinn's Revenge DLC pack, which will be available in all international markets beginning May 30 via PSN and Xbox Live Marketplace.
Harley Quinn's Revenge sends players back into Arkham City to face their final challenge as they interchange between playing as both Batman and Robin in a bid to uncover Harley's vengeful plan and shut the gates on the urban mega-prison forever. In addition to experiencing a new storyline, fans can explore new environments and face-off against Harley's all new gang of hired goons – the perfect fodder for Arkham City fans looking to dust off their utility belt one final time.
- More about:
- Gaming
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Guys, I know that you are always longing for a Ninja Saga Cheat. The long wait is over. I hope this Ninja Saga One Hit Kill Cheat will soothe your craving. This Ninja Saga One Hit Kill Cheat works this way. As you execute the cheat, your opponent will surely lose in just ONE HIT. Isn't it great? No one would match you now in the battle field as long as you execute this Ninja Saga One Hit Kill Cheat. Be updated to the latest news in the world of facebook game application, just subscribe to Bryan's Blog. Read carefully the instructions below.
Cheat Engine 5.5 (download here)
Firefox 3.5
FP10 - Flash Player
1 Go into Ninja Saga and start mission
2 Open Cheat Engine, Process firefox.exe
3 Setting Tick (Hex, Array of bytes, ASROM)
4 Scan "89065E5BC208003B7B54"
5 1 address should returned
6 Right click the address then Select "Disassemble this memory region"
7 Right click the Selected Code and then select "Toggle Break Point" or Press [F5]
8 Go back in Ninja Saga and then hit your enemy, (The browser will now freeze)
9 Go back in CE then Click "Debug" > "Run" 1 time only
10 At the right side is the Register panel. Double click the EAX and change the value to "0"
11 Now right click the Selected Line code and select "Toggle Break Point" > "Debug" > "Run" (to unfreeze the game)
12 Now your enemy is dead
13 Repeat these Steps when you are in a Battle, Have Fun!
Subscribe to get FREE updates from Bryan's Blog. You can Subscribe to this site's feeds via RSS reader or via e-mail . Don't forget to be a fan on Facebook and follow us on Twitter.


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DIRECTV's TV Service is Recommended by CableTV.com
Research from independent consumer surveys reveals that DIRECTV is rated as the best TV service provider among satellite TV and cable companies in Houlka, MS. Helping you find and compare cable companies and other television services available in your area is the end goal of CableTV.com.
Everyone wants to find the best price on TV service, but to find the best cable company in Houlka, MS, you have to go beyond that. Finding the right provider also involves carefully comparing the channels and features that are available with each package. We rank and sort the highest rated providers available in Houlka so you can see clearly which channels and features are offered by each company. You can expect to see all or most of the big channels in TV packages in Houlka, but smaller channel offerings tend to differ more drastically. A premier package lets you make the most of your entertainment options, allowing you to catch the next or New Orleans Saints game and all of your favorite shows.
If you want to know more about a cable company in Houlka, MS, start your search at CableTV.com. We compile TV provider ratings based on multiple factors, including customer service and reliability. That means you have a higher chance of finding a provider with a channel line-up and customer service record you can be happy with.


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Exhibitions: Ancient Egypt's Book of the Dead in London show
By Isabel Coles
LONDON (Reuters Life!) - The delicate details of the afterlife written down on papyrus by the ancient Egyptians have been unfurled in public at a British Museum show in London.
"Journey Through the Afterlife: Ancient Egyptian Book of the Dead" explores in more detail than ever before the complex theology laid out in the Book of the Dead, an illustrated guide to death and negotiating the perils of the underworld.
The British Museum has gathered together an unrivalled collection of these papyri, many of which have never been on show, not least because they are so delicate.
The exhibition winds through the museum's circular Reading Room in chronological order, from the moment of death to burial, judgment, and finally paradise.
"The main aim really is to give people a deeper understanding of ancient Egyptian beliefs about life after death and to throw more light on their hopes and fears," exhibition curator John Taylor told Reuters.
Mummification -- long the focus of popular Egyptology -- was only the first step on the path to eternal life.
"This exhibition is really meant to be the next stage: what happens after that; after you've been mummified and put in your tomb? What happens to your spirit? We're trying to tell that story," Taylor said.
BEYOND THE GRAVE Continued...


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Join Date: Aug 2004
Posts: 2,674
Friday, February 17, 2006 at 04:57PM
I've been messing with color since my high school days. I used to put the lightest shade of blonde you could buy hoping to get it lighter brown and all I'd get is alot of reddish brown. If I didn't like it, I'd go get my natural color and put it back on. I was horrid to my hair back then, besides blow drying and always wondering why my hair was never straight
I began getting it highlighted a couple years ago to cover the gray coming in slow at the temples and also to give my hair some texture because of it being thin on top/crown. I have no idea when I'll just let the gray take over
CG-modified since 4/05
2b/3a and 3b on occasion!
Products: The hair aisle in my own cabinets.
Best definition winner: KCCC
Best volume winner: LOOB


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A British-born woman who was injured in the marathon bombing is to be reunited with the US soldier who came to her aid after he was traced following a public appeal.
Victoria McGrath, 20, suffered a serious shrapnel wound to her leg in the first blast. The student was photographed being carried to a medical tent by fireman Jim Plourde, who left her with a soldier she came to know as "Sergeant Tyler".
Ms McGrath told friends and family that Sgt Tyler calmed her down when she became "completely hysterical" by showing her his war scar, and reassuring her she was going to
be all right. After meeting the student — who is an American but grew up on the outskirts of London — Massachusetts Governor Deval Patrick made a TV appeal on her behalf to find the soldier.
Now Sgt Tyler Dodd, an Afghan war veteran and Purple Heart recipient, has come forward and said he wants to be reunited the woman he formed a deep "connection" with.
He said: "She asked me not to leave her. She was holding my hand. There was some kind of connection on a spiritual level. I can't describe how calm she was at that point and she very selflessly told me to go help other people. Her strength helped me in the situation to help other people. She just seemed like an amazing person."Reuse content


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Game Of Thrones Theme...Sung By Goats!
This is for you Dana.
I love watching Game Of Thrones on HBO. It's one of my favorite shows. I've been trying to get Dana to watch it, but she just can't seem to find the time.
So, someone finally took her love of goats (5-time goat milking champion) and made Game Of Thrones better!
Yes, I watched the whole thing. It was hilarious.
Why do some of those goats sound like they're yelling?


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Over the past two days there have been meetings between the top guns of the New York Yankees, Derek Jeter, and Jeter's agent Casey Close. At least one meeting was held on Tuesday between Yankees GM Brian Cashman, Jeter, and his agent in Tampa on Tuesday.
Before this meeting, the two sides had not interacted in several days. Jeter was offered a deal from the Yankees which would add three more years onto his time with the Yanks, and $45 million. However, the New York Times has said that Jeter is interested in a contract that will last four to five years and would be worth $23-$24 million per season.
The Yankees seem willing to stray from their original $45 million, three year offer in hopes of keeping Jeter with the Yankees. With Jeter's $189 million, 10-year deal expiring after this season, it looks like he will be taking a cut in salary.
Both New York, and Jeter understand their importance to each other, and neither of them may be ready to give that up just yet. Spring training for the New York Yankees will commence on February 26, 2011 at the George M. Steinbrenner Field in beautiful Tampa, Florida.
Get your New York Yankees Tickets from Select A Ticket now!


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'Push Button' Window Grinder SilverBlack Leaf
Out of Stock
Preorder Available! This product is on the way and will be in stock soon. Pre-ordering will let you receive yours as fast as possible because preorders ship first!
The 'Push Button' Window Grinder Silver is currently out of stock. Don't worry though, more are already on the way and will be available soon!Receive In-Stock Notification:
Product Description
Magnetic, diamond-tooth grinder with a window through which to view the grinding process. The bottom floor of this grinder is able to be raised via the pushing of the button on the underside, meaning it is much easier to empty and clean.
This is a unique and high quality grinder made from aluminium from Black Leaf.
Technical Specifications
brand Black Leaf diameter 51mm grinder parts 2-Part material Aluminium, Metal teeth Diamond


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Style: 36224665 Color Code:
Trapeze-cut mini dress with cap sleeves, V-neckline, and a beautifully sculpted hem. Intricately embellished with vintage-inspired beadwork and sequin design. Sheer dress, with slip included.
Free People
this dress fits true to size if not slightly large, but i've come to expect that most FP items fit slightly oversized/flowy. i'm 5'4" with a 36DD chest & ordered my usual FP medium & it's lovely. the beadwork is beautiful, looks just like the photos, & isn't too heavy. the garment is slightly sheer (i would say the slip is optional depending on preference). the dress hits mid to lower thigh on me, just as expected. 10/10 would recommend especially now that it's on sale .
I ordered this dress to wear to a fall wedding and paid extra to have it overnighted. It arrived in time and it's beautiful BUT it didn't come with the slip!!! And there were several stains on the dress! Two on the front and a big one on the back. What's the deal?? I've been shopping online from Free People forever and I've never had an issue like this before. I had to scramble to find something else to wear and it broke my heart because this dress would have been perfect. The bead work is exquisite! 5 stars for the dress, 1 star for the damaged dress and missing slip.
Hi rainorshine, I'm so sorry about this! Someone from our team will be in touch! -Free People
So Beautiful
This is probably my favorite dress of all time!!!!! I got the green one and the color itself is amazing. I was a bit nervous about the color because from the website it looks like it could be an ugly yellowy green, but don't let that stop you from getting this dress. It's very vivid, it's more of a golden green than a yellowy green so it's a pretty neat color. The fit though was a bit confusing hence the one star knocked off. The slip inside the dress snug which is a bit odd considering how the dress is a little large. Other than that the dress it perfect. The beading on the dress is breath-taking, everything about it is very detailed and very well done. The dress is a bit heavy from all the embellishment, which I think only adds to the character of the garment. My review really can't describe how beautiful this dress is, so I definitely recommend ordering it to see for yourself
Beautiful, but scary price!
This is a beautiful, well made dress and looks amazing on. However, it is expensive and I do worry about exactly how much I will get to wear it. In terms of size, it definitely comes up smaller. Normally I'm a UK size 8 on top and 10 on the bottom, and after my dilemma I went for the XS.... It's a perfect fit! The S would have been too big on top. If you think you will get some wear out of it, it's a keeper!
Yes, this dress is amazing. I bought it in both colors, but decided I liked the purple better (the gold dress would have won IF the beads were prettier/more vibrant colors). I bought an XS - I am 5 foot 2, 115 lbs, D-cup. It fits very well, and is just a lovely dress. It does fall quite low on the front - so I will have to find a bra for it but am happy to do so for such a gorgeous dress.
Absolutely gorgeous. The detailing is beautiful and I can't wait to wear it! I range between an XS/S and per the suggestion of these reviews, I went with the XS. I was a bit afraid that the neckline would rise too much but looks perfect. With how heavy the beading is, the slightly tighter fit works better for what I was going for. The hem also is a bit more suitable (I'm 5'8 and the high points come slightly above midthigh).
Simply beautiful
This dress is absolutely gorgeous! At first I was a bit hesitant about buying such an expensive dress but I can happily say it is worth it! The dress is stunning, both in colour, and in the exquisite sequin detailing , and whilst by its nature due to the material is fragile, it is a very good quality. I am 5'8, and ordered a medium, and it fit perfectly! It is a loose dress, and much longer than the picture shows, with the hem falling just above my knees. The neckline is perhaps a little too low/revealing to what I would normally wear, but nothing a strategic bra cannot fix. Overall beautiful and I cannot wait to wear it!


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Sweet 'n' Sour Pockets RecipeRead Reviews Be the first to add a review
- 1/3 cup mayonnaise
- 1/3 cup sour cream
- 1/2 teaspoon Dijon mustard
- 3/4 cup pineapple tidbits, drained
- 5 pita pocket breads (6 inches), halved
- 10 lettuce leaves
- 10 slices (1 ounce each) fully cooked ham
- 1/2 cup chopped green pepper
- 1/2 cup chopped red onion
- In a small bowl, combine the mayonnaise, sour cream and mustard. Cover and chill for 1 hour.
- Just before serving, stir in pineapple. Fill each pita half with lettuce, ham, 2 tablespoons pineapple mixture, green pepper and onion. Yield: 5 servings.
Originally published as Sweet 'n' Sour Pockets in Country Pork 1996, p27
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Brad Paisley Lost a Bet to Ludacris … and It Cost Him Big Time!
Brad Paisley is opening up his wallet to fellow 'Rising Star' judge Ludacris after losing a bet -- he had to pay up in the form of a really expensive bottle of cognac.
Brad Paisley is opening up his wallet to fellow 'Rising Star' judge Ludacris after losing a bet -- he had to pay up in the form of a really expensive bottle of cognac.
Brad Paisley is paying tribute to our firefighters in the most fun way imaginable! He's writing -- and recording -- an original song called 'All In' for the upcoming Disney film 'Planes: Fire and Rescue.'
Brad Paisley played Kansas City, Mo. on Sunday night, which means he got a special greeting from the Westboro Baptist Church. Like Vince Gill and others have done before, he confronted the group. But he put a very Paisley-like spin on his interaction.
Brad Paisley has finally joined the throngs of country stars sharing photos and videos on Instagram. However, his first post wasn't about what he was eating, or the cool vacation he was on. Instead, it was a lot more meaningful.
It's officially official! Brad Paisley has been added to the panel for ABC's summer reality show, 'Rising Star.' He's holding it down for country music but will be joined by two other talented artists.
Brad Paisley has kept mum about many details for his forthcoming studio album, but he's finally dished the album's title, and it's not 'Thoughts From a Bumpkin.'
Brad Paisley's next album has a due date. Fans can expect his new album to hit stores on August 26, but that's about all he's sharing at this point.
Blake Shelton and Keith Urban, judges on 'The Voice' and 'American Idol' respectively, will no longer be the only country music stars sitting in judge's seats. Fellow country star Brad Paisley is said to be joining a new ABC reality series called 'Rising Star' as one of their judges.
Sometimes dreams really do come true, especially when you have a teacher who cares a whole lot. One Phoenix teacher discovered that she had a big Brad Paisley fan in one of her classes. She went above and beyond to help him meet his idol.
Brad Paisley is dusting off his acting chops for a guest appearance on the season finale of the CBS show 'Two and a Half Men.'
Following the success of his eighth studio album 'Wheelhouse,' Brad Paisley is working on a brand new record, which holds, in his opinion, some of his best songs ever.
This Friday, April 4th, The Bobby Bones Show will have the world premiere of the new single from Brad Paisley!
"River Bank" will debut at 5:30am CT and will play again once per hour for the duration of the show...


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Baltimore Sun Media Critic Who Hyped NPR Sting Has Yet To Acknowledge Discrepancies
Blog ››› ››› ERIC BOEHLERT
The Baltimore Sun's David Zurawik has been busy writing about the recent NPR controversy. Since the story of the James O'Keefe's attempted sting broke last week, seven of the last ten blog posts on Zurawik's newspaper blog have been about NPR.
The only problem? None of them have acknowledged that the O'Keefe tapes have been revealed to be highly edited and done so in an unethical way to make the comments from the NPR executives seem much more damning than originally believed.
What's ironic is that when the story first broke, Zurawik wrote a long item about the ethics of undercover stings and how it's crucial for those behind them to be honest and tell the truth. Zurawik was also highly critical of NPR executives, calling the comments captured on tape "troubling" and "disturbing." He denounced the NPR "stupidity" and arrogance" as presented by O'Keefe, while hyping the "bombshell" NPR sting, and suggesting O'Keefe was effective at getting "at the lies some people in the media tell us."
Missing from any of Zurawik's media analysis? The simple acknowledgement that the O'Keefe tapes have essentially been debunked.
- Network/Outlet
- NPR, Baltimore Sun
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