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Nickel Poisoning
What is Nickel Poisoning
Nickel (nickel, Ni) is a silvery-white metal. Atomic weight 58.71, density of 8.9 g/cm3, melting point, l453 ℃, boiling point 2800 ° C. Nickel has a high temperature, corrosion-resistant performance. When heated to 700 ° C to 800 ° C, still being oxidized, and can maintain a certain strength in a humid environment; nickel surface. Can form an oxide film to prevent further oxidation;, but also anti-corrosive environment of the acid, an alkali salt. Nickel has good mechanical strength and plasticity, good processing performance; having such characteristics at low temperatures can also be, and therefore the preparation of high-temperature alloy, an important element of the stainless steel alloys. Ingestion can cause nickel poisoning.
The toxicity of nickel and its soluble salts, their solubility and human ways.
Symptoms of Nickel Poisoning
Nickel poisoning symptoms: nickel dust or soluble nickel salts strongly irritant contact dermatitis or atopic eczema can occur, namely nickel scrapie. Skin lesions at the site of contact and disease, and later spread, can affect the body. The first itching skin, after the papules, herpes, severe suppuration, ulceration. 1 to 2 weeks after the disengagement, dermatitis heal. A small number of nickel poisoning cases continued to ask long or frequently repeated episodes. Large intake of soluble nickel salts, dizziness, vomiting, acute gastroenteritis. Rhinitis, sinusitis or pharyngitis, can produce long-term inhalation of nickel sulfate or nickel plating solution vapor. A few minutes after the inhalation of nickel carbonyl poison gas dizziness, headache, weakness, tremor, unsteady gait, nausea, eye irritation, throat irritation, chest tightness, shortness of breath, etc., a few hours after the above-mentioned symptoms were relieved or disappeared. Nickel poisoning patients l 2 ~ 36 hours after the remission of sudden chest tightness, shortness of breath, severe breathing difficulties, the signs and symptoms of a typical pulmonary edema associated with diffuse interstitial pneumonia performance. More associated with elevated body temperature, myocardial damage, enlargement of the liver, jaundice, urine, abnormal white blood cells was significantly higher, convulsions, hallucinations, delirium and other psychiatric symptoms.
What Causes Nickel Poisoning
Nickel cause of poisoning:
1. The nickel smelting utilize nickel sulfide ore or oxide ores, such as pentlandite [(Ni.Fe) 9S8], nickel pyrrhotite [(Ni, Fe) x Sy, nickel magnesium silicate ore [(Ni , Mg) Si03, H20] such as roasting, smelting into nickel sulfide were nickel metal by electrolysis. Nickel and its compounds in this process may contact the dust fumes.
2 prepared stainless steel, soft magnetic alloy, nickel-chromium, nickel-copper, nickel, aluminum, nickel, cobalt and other non-iron-base alloys.
3 nickel-plated job.
Machinery Manufacturing Manufacturing crucible, utensils, precision tools, medical equipment, instrumentation, etc.
5. Atomic energy industry as a thermal neutron mechanical chopper.
6. Manufacture of nickel-cadmium batteries.
Nickel powder can be used as a chemical catalyst.
Nickel poisoning depends on the solubility of the different nickel compounds, dose size and pathways, and other factors. Soluble nickel salts completely due to absorption of its toxic damage significantly larger than the metal nickel; intravenous, subcutaneous injection of nickel salt toxicity was significantly greater than the oral and inhalation.
Nickel salts given by mouth or by injection, the animal can cause acute gastrointestinal mucosa irritation phenomenon, and generate substantial damage to the heart, brain, lung, kidney, edema, hemorrhage, and degeneration pathological changes; may cause protein feces, urinary amino acids, urea clearance rate reduction of symptoms.
Nickel poisoning can affect the endocrine antagonism of insulin, which can cause hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia increase interference pituitary function, so the increase in ACTH secretion, reduce the secretion of prolactin, adrenal insufficiency. Nickel can affect electrolyte metabolism, blood potassium, calcium, magnesium decreased, sodium, chloride increased, blood calcium decreased, resulting in decreased myocardial conduction and excitability, muscle twitching. Inhalation of nickel powder or nickel salt, may produce respiratory tract irritation damage. Animal inhalation or different ways to give a nickel powder or nickel compounds can induce cancer. Nickel to DNA damage is due to nickel ions can be closely integrated with the nucleic acid molecule and the DNA composition Ni - nucleic acids - histone complexes affect the role of the RNA polymerase, or to interfere with the normal transcription of the DNA, the mRNA metabolism block, cause genetic mutations and cancer; Secondly, the nickel the RNA chemical template can or regulation of DNA nucleoprotein activity decreased, causing the normal genetic differentiation was inhibited; nickel can still inhibit benzopyrene hydroxylase activity in the body, so that 3 4 - benzopyrene accumulate in the body, or the transmission of information by blocking cells to the cell, or by excitation of lipid peroxidation, and promote carcinogenic effects. Nickel can still cause the immune function decreased, resulting in destruction of the host immune surveillance mechanisms, resulting in tumor-prone. Contact allergic of nickel poisoning sensitization of the skin, is a delayed type hypersensitivity. Nickel can induce immediate allergic reaction, causing respiratory allergic asthma.
Tests and Diagnosis for Nickel Poisoning
Nickel poisoning diagnosis:
The nickel content of nickel workers exposed to blood and urine are often higher. Of healthy human urine nickel levels substantially 0 ~ 0.187umol / L (0 ~ 11ug / L), the average value for of 0.72 ~ 0.75umol / L (4.2 to 4.4ug / L). The nickel content in whole blood mean approximately 0.082umol / L (0.48ug/dL, 0.29 ~ 0.7ug/dL, atomic absorption spectrometry). Nickel skin allergy diagnosis by skin antigen patch test has been confirmed. L% nickel sulfate sticking in the skin after 72 hours, such as produce blisters, eczema and other skin change is positive. Vitro examination of cell-mediated immunity, such as nickel-antigen of the lymphocyte transformation test and leukocyte migration inhibition test positive can be used as evidence of the body's allergic to nickel.
Nickel poisoning differential diagnosis:
Has a history of exposure to high concentrations of nickel or nickel compounds; clinical have identified respiratory irritation; chest X-ray shadow of inflammatory; except after other causes of disease; considered for nickel-induced acute poisoning. Diagnosis and grading standards see CBZ28-2002.
Treatments of Nickel Poisoning
Nickel poisoning treatment:
General where nickel especially in patients with history of exposure to the nickel carbonyl should be immediately removed from small drug scene to fresh air, lying still warm. Remove contaminated clothing and wash contaminated skin and hair. Mild symptoms should close clinical observation 72h.
. Early onset symptoms of nickel poisoning treatment (1) 1 0.5% isoproterenol inhalation ② lmL atomization to dexamethasone 2mg ~ 5mg inhalation.
(2) even if the nickel poisoning symptoms in patients with very light, but also to the hospital for observation, and to take the following measures to prevent pulmonary edema: ① hydrocortisone l00mg ~ 200mg or dexamethasone 10mg ~ 20mg intravenous 5% glucose solution 500mL; ② to restrict fluid volume; ③ The prednisone 5 mg to 10 mg / prevention also available, 1 6h orally.
(3) diethyl dithiocarbamate: for the first time intramuscular dose of 25 mg / kg, 24 h total does not exceed 100mg/kg, also oral l-day 2.0g Dayton clothing, after 0.5 g per , 3 to 4 times a day, taking the same amount of sodium bicarbonate to relieve gastrointestinal reactions. This drug in the treatment of acute nickel carbonyl poisoning have a significant effect, combined with the organization in the nickel, the formation of a non-toxic complex excreted via urine. Poisoning immediately after use, can reduce the occurrence of pulmonary edema. The course of treatment depending on condition, generally used in patients with no symptoms of poisoning, the urine nickel dropped to normal.
3. Symptomatic treatment of nickel poisoning
(1) to prevent and treat pulmonary edema.
(2) pay attention to the protection of the substance of the heart, liver, kidney and other organs.
(3) prevention and control secondary infection in a timely manner.
(4) Nickel dermatitis according to general contact dermatitis treatment (to see dermatergosis Chapter). Reported in the literature, topical ointments, or 10% edetic acid ointment, coating the surface of the skin, has a good effect using 10% diethyl disulfide, ammonia sodium formate (Dithio-carb). It was also reported the use of plastic, coated frequent skin contact with nickel containing 1 0% CaNa2-EDTA to prevent nickel penetrate the skin barrier to play an effective role to protect the skin from damage and sensitization of nickel.


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Title: An Historical Account of Settlements of ...
Publisher: The Melman-Taylor company / John MacKay
Publication Date: 1900
Binding: Hardcover
Book Condition: Very Good
Edition: First Edition.
Cleveland / Glasgow, 1900. 8vo, blue cloth, 459 pp. First edition. A scarce title, of historical and genealogical interest. The Genealogical Publishing Company reprinted this book. First editions are quite scarce. An excellent copy with light normal wear and a small amount of fraying to cloth at top of spine. Contents excellent. Bookseller Inventory # 12820
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- Over the past three years, American smartphone adoption has increased from 16.9 percent to 54.9 percent, according to Nielsen.
- One out of three American homes now relies on wireless-only technologies, according to the U.S. National Health Interview Survey (NHIS).
- The tech industry added nearly 100,000 jobs from January to June 2012, a 1.7 percent increase, according to TechAmerica Foundation's Competitiveness Series.
- As of April 2012, 66 percent of American adults had a high-speed broadband connection at home versus 11 percent a decade earlier in March 2002, according to Pew Research.
- The app economy, which didn't even exist five years ago, now employs more than 500,000 Americans, according to research by Economist Michael Mandel.
WASHINGTON, Jan. 23, 2013 /PRNewswire-USNewswire/ -- The Internet Innovation Alliance (IIA) today released the "IIA 2013 Broadband Guide for the 113th Congress." The Alliance created the 21-page Guide to provide the next generation of policy makers and leaders with the information they need to make informed decisions about Internet policy. It includes six major sections complete with answers to common questions, definitions of technical terms and background on the importance of the Internet Protocol (IP) evolution. "Few American innovations have changed the world more profoundly and positively than the Internet," said IIA Honorary Chairman Rick Boucher, who served as a Member of the U.S. House of Representatives for 28 years. "Today more than 2.5 billion people are connected to the Internet and have access to information and opportunities that did not exist 20 years ago." Boucher – also co-founder of the House Internet Caucus and former chair of the Subcommittee on Telecommunications & the Internet – added, "It's critical that policy makers be well-informed as they make decisions affecting the Internet in order to promote and encourage the expansion of Internet investment, access and adoption." The Guide also includes broadband-related data points such as:


text: Stop engine oil pressure light comes on when vehicle comes to stop. But fine when driving I changed the oil and filter twice in two days. went with a thicker oil 20/50 it helps but light still comes on. Since putting thicker oil in light takes awhile to come on and only comes on when i come to a full stop.I think im going to change the oil pressure sensor any ideas? I have heard it can be the bearing and im know its less likely the oil pump. Any Input would be greatly appreciated


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Nov. 18, 2011
Site: Pittsburgh, Pa. (Joe C. Trees Pool)
Event: Pittsburgh Invitational (Day 1 of 3)
U-M Standing: 4th Place of 5 Teams (76 points) after Day 1
Next U-M Event: Saturday, Nov. 19 -- at Pittsburgh Invitational - Day Two (Pittsburgh, Pa.), 1 p.m.
PITTSBURGH, Pa. -- Sophomore James Ross (Richmond, Va./Collegiate)
earned a first-place finish, while classmate Jack Lee (North Egremont, Mass./Berkshire School) earned a runner-up finish in the three-meter diving competition at the Pitt Invitational Friday (Nov. 18) at Joe C. Trees Pool. In all, U-M had five of its eight divers make the finals in day one of competition and holds fourth place with 76 points in the competition.
After earning a 263.00 to take fifth in the preliminary round, Ross ripped off a 336.00 in the finals to take the individual win. Lee took fourth in the prelims with a 290.00 and collected a 314.05 in his finals attempt for the second-place finish.
Senior Chris Morrison (Fenton, Mich./Fenton) took fourth in the event with a 304.35, while sophomore Thomas Jahnke (Ann Arbor, Mich./Huron) earned a sixth-place finish with a 265.15. Freshman Mike Vaandering (Spring Lake, Mich./Grand Haven) closed out the finalist participants with a score of 229.00 for eighth.
The Wolverine divers return to the pool tomorrow (Saturday, Nov. 19) for the one-meter competition. Preliminaries will begin at 1 p.m., with finals beginning at 6 p.m.
Three-meter Diving
1. James Ross, U-M 336.00 2. Jack Lee, U-M 314.05 4. Chris Morrison, U-M 304.35 6. Thomas Jahnke, U-M 265.15 8. Mike Vaandering, U-M 229.00 11. Kevin Bain, U-M 209.20 12. Jeff Camalo, U-M 204.60 15. Nate Argetsinger, U-M 167.00
Contact: Scott Kemps (734) 763-4423


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quackattack1991 wrote:Hard to see much of anything when your getting double and triple teamed. He still put up 12 points and had 11 rebounds and if he could have finished a few times may have had 6-8 more. So now you just sound dumb, and I don't even like KU.DeathCommander wrote:Robinson wasn't seeing much of it, he was busy gettin crammed on
The problem with that statement is that he didnt finish a few more times... Kentucky could have won that game by 25+ if they played decent in the first half, but they didnt. The stats that count are the one's when your team needs you the most. If he is such a good player then he should know that when you draw a double or triple team that it leaves some of your players unguarded, and he could have had a ton of assists. But then again its hard to do that from the bench.


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Results 1 to 11 of 11
Thread: SHARE assortment special ...
SHARE assortment special ...
Would you buy this SHARE assortment special?
April Assortment Special $25
16oz. Mesquite Chicken Breast
1lb Extra Lean Ground Beef
16oz. Popcorn Chicken
2lb Homestyle Meatloaf
2lb Chicken Fries ( like BK)
16oz. Frozen Veggie Blend
2lb Chicken Bruschetta
1lb Brats
1lb French Toast Sticks
(2) 10.5oz. Shrimp Dinner Bowls
1lb Frozen Strawberries
Taco Seasoning
16oz. Salsa
Taco Shells
Would you buy more than 1?03-25-2006, 08:59 PM #3
- Rep Power
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Where do you buy these at?~TRACY~*
Trying to live the Simple Life.
I LOVE flea markets, yard sales, couponing,
crafting, making all natural body products and homesteading.
* I make handmade salves, balms, scrubs, room sprays and candles!
* Want to Travel the US, live my dream and simplify my life!
Savings: $500 - Opened 3/20/17 - I CAN DO THIS!
Visit my blog at simpletimeliving.blogspot.com
Have a blog? Let's exchange links!Sponsored Links Remove Advertisements03-25-2006, 09:10 PM #4
This is part of the SHARE program (www.sharecolorado.com , for more info).
In a nutshell, SHARE uses volunteer labor and group purchasing to keep prices low. You are expected to 'give back' to the community by volunteering -- anyway you want -- in your community.
Check out SHARE Colorado for more info. I have been doing SHARE for 2 years now, and I am overall pleased with the program.03-25-2006, 09:20 PM #5
Here's what the options were in this month's SHARE packages:
March Menu
March Regular Package $21
3.9lb Chicken Leg Quarters
1lb. Salmon Fillets
1lb Chicken Fajita Meat
12oz. Jenni-O Dinner Sausage
1lb. Extra Lean Ground Beef
26oz. Cracked Pepper Seasoned Fries
1 lb Rice
3 lb Potatoes
3 ea. Onions (1 Red, 2 Yellow)
1 lb Carrots
1 Bunch Green Top Onions
3 pk Romaine Hearts
5ea. Pears
5 ea Oranges
2 ea Grapefruit
March Junior Package $11
3.9lb Chicken Leg Quarters
2 ea. Fruit Cups
Chef Boyardee Complete Ravioli Dinner
3 lb Potatoes
1 lb Carrots
3 pk Romaine Hearts
5ea. Pears
2 ea Grapefruit
March Produce Package $11
1 lb. Salad Mix
3 lb Potatoes
3 ea. Onions (1 Red, 2 Yellow)
1 lb Carrots
1 Bunch Brocolli
1 Bunch Green Top Onions
3 pk Romaine Hearts
3lb. Apples
5ea. Pears
5 ea Oranges
2 ea Grapefruit
8oz. Carmel Apple Dip
March Easter Special $25
7.5lb Semi-Boneless Ham
2lb Fiesta Chicken Bruechetta appetizer
9" Blueberry Pie
16oz. Frozen Vegetable Blend
12ct. Butter Croissants
15oz. Can Pinapple
1 lb. Salad Mix
3 lb Potatoes
5ea. Bananas
3lb. Apples
I didn't go for the Regular, Junior, or Easter specials. But I bought 3 produce packs. And some of the 'choice' items.
I have placed a big order for next month, though:
* 1 Assortment special (see first post above).
* 3 produce packs
* 2 frozen pasta packs (each Pasta Package Includes: 18oz. Manicotti, 18oz. Stuffed Shells, 13oz. Cheese Ravioli, 16oz. Tri Color Tortellini, 13oz. Montery Jack and Swiss Pierorgies, 13oz. Potato and Cheddar Pierorgie Bites, 12oz. Spinich and Cheese Stuffed Rigatoni.)
2 pizza packs (each 12 pack 5" Pizzas are the same kind we had in our SuperBowl package by a major home delivery company) [*** I'm guessing it's Schwann's? Sound reasonable?]
plus corn dogs, brownie bites, and small oatmeal packets.
So, I'm wondering if I should order another assortment special.03-26-2006, 07:18 AM #6
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I am in PA, so I can't get this but I do the Angel Food Ministries which is pretty much the same, but thanks for the info!~TRACY~*
Trying to live the Simple Life.
I LOVE flea markets, yard sales, couponing,
crafting, making all natural body products and homesteading.
* I make handmade salves, balms, scrubs, room sprays and candles!
* Want to Travel the US, live my dream and simplify my life!
Savings: $500 - Opened 3/20/17 - I CAN DO THIS!
Visit my blog at simpletimeliving.blogspot.com
Have a blog? Let's exchange links!03-26-2006, 09:45 AM #7
- Rep Power
- 13
sounds like a great deal!!!!!03-26-2006, 09:59 AM #8
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- 0
I'm so glad you guys are talking about this! I used to live in CO, but moved to CA about a year and a half ago and now am preparing to move to PA...I've been looking all over to find a program in PA simalar to SHARE...does Angel Food Ministeries have a website?03-26-2006, 10:08 AM #9
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- 0
I did a little further looking and found the website. it really is fantastic. unfortunately i don't eat meat and the package contains a lot of it. i think it's a great program though. we need more of these.03-26-2006, 09:44 PM #10
Was this the site you found?
That's how my friend found the location in her area; no angel ministries in ours, but I'm glad to have SHARE.03-27-2006, 10:00 AM #11
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- 0
yay, that's the one. I did a lot more looking and found a SHARE program in Eastern PA and possibly one in Western, i'll have to call around a bit after I move. I wonder if there are any other programs (with different names)? i'll keep looking around.
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Is it Time to Reconsider AP Classes?
Flickr: Amitburst By Katrina Schwartz Advanced Placement courses have long been the standard for high achievement in high school. The classes are modeled on college courses and are meant to represent the difficulty and breadth of material that students are expected to handle when they get to college. For that reason, some colleges give in-coming … Continue reading Is it Time to Reconsider AP Classes? →


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Sona Slocumwrote a review of Backcountry Cairn Fleece Jacket - Women's on January 14, 2008
Nice fleece - not so nice fit
The problem with this jacket is that it is cut to fit short and hefty women. I bought a medium (because I am 5'9" and 135 lbs) and not only was the fleece too wide in the torso - the sleeves were ridiculously short (bordering three quarter length). I typically buy Medium from Northface and Arc'teryx and have never had this problem with sizing...meanining, I do not have freakishly long arms or narrow torso.


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Apple was quick to respond to the first round of complaints, offering to refund any Australian purchasers who wanted to return their "not 4G" iPads, and we imagine they will be quick to take action if necessary in Europe as well. Part of the problem stems from differences in how the United States regulates the term "4G". Initially 4G was supposed to only apply to LTE networks, but lobbying from U.S. carriers lead to a change of policy that allowed HSPA+ networks to brand themselves 4G as well. This issue reared its head recently when the iPhone 4S on AT&T was updated to show "4G" coverage when in range of an HSPA+ network.
Other countries have not made the shift – Australia, for example, still only allows the 4G label to be applied to LTE. As a result, Apple's "WiFi + 4G" claims for the new iPad are not correct in those countries, as the LTE bands do not work with local networks, and the HSPA+ radio isn't 4G. Apple has offered to post disclaimers in its advertising and stores, which would presumably ensure that future customers aren't misled.
Obviously we don't believe that customers should be tricked into buying a product under false pretenses, but in this case it's doubtful that anything more malicious happened then a company not paying attention to labeling requirements in different countries. If Apple updates its marketing material and extends its offer to take back iPads from unhappy customers in Europe as well, we imagine that the issue will quickly fade away.
source: WSJ via Apple Insider


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Powder up
Amped 3
Xbox 360
Classification: PG
Rating: 4/5
The Amped series is turned up to 11 in this Xbox 360 incarnation, with bigger mountains, deeper character customisation and enjoyable trick-filled snowboarding that is rewarding to learn.
If you want a quick comparison, Amped is the Tony Hawk's Pro Skater of snowboarding games. There's no racing here: this is about cruising, picking out a tempting succession of jumps and rails, then combining as many tricks as possible for big scores and the respect of other boarders.
The major difference with Amped 3 is that the mountains are now as wide as they are long, allowing you to really go exploring for the best runs without any invisible walls to hem you in. Some mountains get so steep you'll hope a virtual ambulance is on stand-by.
Various stunt-based challenges are scattered throughout each level, including such tasks as following pro boarders (including Australia's Torah Bright) to try to beat their scores.
You can perform tricks for the media or make your way through obstacles. If you're connected to Xbox Live, the leader boards update to show how you rank against the world's best after every challenge. Eventually, you unlock new tricks, better skills and make your way to more dangerous locations.
The bizarre presentation in cutscenes features everything from stop-animation to sock puppets. It's an over-the-top collection of college humour, MTV-style pranks and anime that will you will either love or detest. At the very least, it's something refreshingly different.
Technically, Amped 3 is a big success. The physics are realistic, the controls are excellent (and a challenge to master) and the sprawling snowfields provide many hours of fun. No matter what your skill level, there's a lot of fun to be had here. Load it up, hit the snow and express yourself.
Endgame: There's no business like snow business, especially on mountains as enjoyable as these.
Did you know you could pay less than $1 a day for a subscription to the Herald? Subscribe today.


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California Craftsman is an family-owned and operated business offering a complete line of aluminum, vinyl, fiberglass, wood, clad windows and doors . As well as Lift n Slide doors and Bi-Folding doors. Serving the California Sierra Foothills area since 1999 and have grown to become one of the largest window and door dealers in the Northern California. With our strong commitment to quality, service, and customer communication, we have gained the respect of architects, designers, and homeowners.
Attention to detail and follow through has set us apart from the competition. Most installations and replacements are guaranteed for a minimum of two years. Small orders are treated with the same respect and importance as large orders, and all installations are guaranteed for a minimum of two years.Look to California Craftsman for all of your window and door needs!


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Operations Management
Implementing a New Drug and Alcohol Treatment Model in Sacramento County
This is an excellent case to illustrate the use of training as a leverage point to reform a service delivery system. Students also learn that training is a tool to change a service delivery system, not necessarily a catalyst for change. Training can support, but does not often drive, reform, so it would also be useful to address the bigger picture of what other leverage points might be available to achieve new service delivery goals.
Introducing the Quality Control to Uruguay: Will Japanese Management Be Accepted in Another Culture?
For 18 months, Mr. Kazuo Sakamoto had been in Uruguay under the sponsorship of Japan Aid, the major implementing agency for Japan's international cooperation projects. As an advisor under the technical cooperation program, his objective was to introduce the concept of the Quality Control Circle (QCC) to officials and companies in Uruguay.
Managing a NGO
This is a case about conflicting visions of an organization's purpose. Terakoya Support is a Japanese NGO that supports language courses taught in Myanmar. Advanced undergraduates and introductory grad students in nonprofit management and international development courses will benefit from defining and clarifying the problems and issues in the case. "Managing an NGO" can draw out how differing types of commitment to an organization drive operational issues.
The Overcrowded Clinic
"The Overcrowded Clinic" is an excellent case to introduce graduate students to simple process analysis and process improvement. By analyzing wait times, bottlenecks and other common variables in process analysis, students individually or in groups quickly grasp the possibilities for immediate improvements in service delivery and use of scarce resources.
Maintaining Mission Through Organizational Change: Providence Portland Medical Center
This is an excellent case to illustrate the politics and organizational intricacies of hospital restructuring. Written by a team from the University of California, Berkeley, "Maintaining Mission" describes the efforts of Providence Portland Medical Center (a hospital with a strong religious mission) to control expenses by redesigning its patient care services at the patient care/nursing unit level. Awareness of the need for change was prompted by increasing pressure to cut costs in Oregon's managed care environment.
Rhododendron County Health Department
This case study is about the struggle of a rural county health department to maintain financial and political balance in the face of rapid population increase. This case provides students with valuable lessons in restructuring and downsizing, joint hospital affiliation, decision-making, negotiation, management, and surviving in a managed care climate.
Public Managed Care in Easternville: A Case of Opportunities
Experimental programs are gaining popularity among state policy makers as a means to innovate in small, protected steps. This is an excellent managed care case about two experimental projects intended to provide a uniform set of benefits to low-income patients.
Hospital and the Group, The
In the rush to integrate physician practices into PHO-like structure, accountability for physician productivity is frequently ignored. Neither hospital administrators nor physicians are eager to deal with "control" issues such as physician productivity or income, and yet integrated structures must ultimately be accountable for production, income and profitability. The case depicts a new six physician primary care group practice, which runs into problems when a hospital executive at Holy Medical Center is assigned to manage the group.
Downsizing at the Dodge Clinic
This is a finely woven case about a hospital's decision to overcome its operating loss by downsizing. The case, which is presented in three parts, forces students to grapple with complex decision-making processes as they follow the divided debate of the hospital's governing board.
Hospital Consolidation
Set in rural Wyoming, this is a multi-faceted consolidation case, which depicts the efforts of Holy Family Hospital and Gorsich General Hospital to reduce operating costs by combining services. Assisted by a consulting team, hospital administrators must decide the extent of their consolidation efforts. This case provides a glimpse into a highly charged and complex scenario, which shows the conflict between the hospital's potential savings and the ideological/cultural conflicts of the involved parties.


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It's a holiday tradition that dates back more than two decades. The Festival of Trees at Good Will Hinckley is now in full swing. Local businesses and non-profits decorated each one of the trees as a theme…those themes range from autism awareness to Star Wars.
"Every year we never know what we're gonna have. We have a Caribbean theme, we have Star Wars to representing local missions in the community. So it's always a lot of fun every year," Heather Hodgkins, who is in charge of fundraising for Good Will Hinckley.
The display captivated the third grade class from Clinton Elementary School who stopped by to have a look.
"I thought it was really extraordinary because all the trees they're just really cool and colorful and bright. And a lot of them they look like they're homemade stuff," said Jhnavi Howell, a third grader at Clinton Elementary.
You can find a complete schedule of events and viewing times for the Festival of Trees by going to gwh.org and click on "happenings".


text: To get from Trapani to Avola by train you can catch one of the 2 trains that everyday travel between these two cities. The first train to Avola leaves from Trapani at 05:00 and the last train departs at 05:43. If you choose a local train the trip lasts on average 12:00 hours. For your trip from Trapani to Avola by train you can choose to leave from one of Trapani main stations: Trapani On Wanderio you can compare all schedules, fares and railway companies to Avola and book the best itinerary starting from Trapani.


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Is This The End Of India's IT Services Success Story?
Posted by Fred Giron on February 27, 2012
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I'm currently working on a report entitled "IP-Based Solutions Will Transform The Global IT Services Industry." In a nutshell, I believe that the business model of IT services firms (consulting firms, systems integrators, and outsourcing firms) will transform from a traditional human capital-intensive model to a software capital-intensive model over the next five years. As I will detail in my report, I believe this transformation will have far-reaching implications on the IT services firms' organizations, including their sales, marketing, portfolio management, and delivery capabilities.
As I'm based in India, I also see this change as a major disruption for India's export-oriented IT services industry (AKA "offshore services"). I believe that the growth model for India's IT/ITeS industry's in the next 20 years will be much different than it has been for the past 20 years. Software assets — what I also call IP-based solutions — will become critical to the competitiveness of the Indian IT services industry. The recent investments of companies like Infosys, HCL, and NIIT Technologies in such IP-based offerings are strong proof points.
This means a couple of things for the Indian industry:
- The Indian IT/ITeS industry will create far fewer jobs than in the past. This is what some Indian firms refer to as "non-linear" business models.
- The skills in this new model will be very different from traditional IT services skills. In particular, the new model will call for skills that are closer to product engineering than to application development. And India does not seem ready for this: A recent report showed that less than 3% of engineering graduates are employable by IT product companies.
In order to be successful in this IP era, Nasscom and other IT trade associations in India will have to work collaboratively in order to:
- Invest in skills development, especially around software product engineering, business analytics, domain (industry) expertise, consulting, and program management capabilities.
- Foster innovation and level the playing field for smaller organizations to succeed — in particular local software organizations around cloud, mobility, social networking, and business analytics, but also as pertains to business process management and automation capabilities.
The Nasscom Industry Leadership Forum (NILF) celebrated its 20th anniversary two weeks ago in Mumbai. With a 19% growth rate expected in the fiscal year ending in March 2012, we cannot say that the industry is going through a "youth crisis." Still, during my interactions with executives from IT services firms there, I felt that the industry is getting more anxious about its future, as its main value proposition — labor arbitrage — is slowly but surely losing traction. At the same time, it received four amazing anniversary gifts: big data, cloud, mobility, and social computing. I am curious and eager to see how it will leverage these gifts on the road to adulthood and IP-based solutions.
Spot on
Comment from Yogesh Malik on Mon, 02/27/2012 - 02:56
Your closing statement on the potential of big data, cloud, mobility and social computing is a spot on, and i share the same curiosity about India's IT.
Any success stories yet?
Comment from Siddharth Asokan on Mon, 02/27/2012 - 23:13
I agree with your overall reading of the situation, but just wondering if you seen/heard any instances of these companies tasting success with these new offerings yet?
Adoption is still low – although this is changing fast
Comment from Fred Giron on Thu, 03/01/2012 - 09:52
Early successes are there and IT services vendors have started communicating about them (as a matter of fact my next blog post will be about one of this recent wins) – but the key question is "will these offerings scale"? As opposed to traditional approaches where the IT services firms sell a dedicated project for a specific client, the successful vendors in the IP era will be the ones able to sell the same IP to multiple clients AND make this IP continuously evolve and provide incremental value to these clients.
Too early for IP-led solutions to have any impact
Comment from Priya Sunder (not verified) on Tue, 02/28/2012 - 03:22
While I agree that emerging trends like big data, cloud, mobility and social computing will be key focus areas for IT firms going forward, they are unlikely to change the way things work even in the next five-ten years. Maybe 20 years hence, their contribution may be more meaningful.
1: Barely 3-4% is the contribution of products and IP-led solutions as of now and this has been so for several years now.
2: Like you mentioned, Indian IT companies have never had a 'product' culture, and lack such skills as of now. What could possibly bring about a radical shift in that to cause a 'disruption' in the business model? Training? Change in the way education is imparted in engineering colleges? Tough task.
3: Moreover, one cannot simply do away with routine commoditized IT maintenance activities that form the bread and butter of Indian IT. 60-70% of a firm's expenditure still goes on these and will continue to form the larger chunk even 20 years hence.
The Indian IT industry, especially the top 5 or 6 will continue to survive largely on the traditional work that they have been doing, with a few cherries on top in the form of IP solutions.
Rather, emerging trends are giving rise to a new breed of IT companies in India. Young, creative and smart entrepreneurs setting up software firms focusing on areas like big data, IaaS, SaaS, mobile apps etc. High fragmentation. While there is a lot of innovation happening, only time will tell how many of these will achieve any scale and sustainability.
Meanwhile they will continue to coexist with the big maintenance vendors.
Relevance is the main driver
Comment from Fred Giron on Thu, 03/01/2012 - 09:59
Hi Priya,
Thanks a lot for this very interesting feedback. I believe all the points you are making are valid. However, I think that the change will happen much sooner than you think. Here is why: MNCs and Indian IT services firms understand that the labor arbitrage is not sustainable in the long term. The margins of the top Indian players have been steadily decreasing over the past few years – driven by salary increases in India, increased investments onshore, and the fact that clients are not ready to pay a premium for commodity services like Application Maintenance. On top of that, I believe that IT services firms are concerned that their current offering will not be relevant to their clients in the long term. This is the #1 challenge for global and especially Indian IT services firms going forward – and that's why I believe Indian firms will lead the IP revolution charge – even though companies like IBM and Accenture are now well prepared for this IP game.
To come back to your points:
1- Yes you are right. Although I am expecting this to change fast over the next 2-3 years. As I explained above, clients approach to external IT services is changing. Second, the IP discussion is now led from the top. As compared to 2-3 years ago, IP initiatives are now among the top priorities of any CEO in the industry and this will make a big difference going forward.
2- This change will not be easy and/or happen overnight. To go even further, I believe this is a complete transformation that companies need to operate internally (how they are organized, how they sell, the skill they recruit, how they deliver…) and externally (how they engage with their clients and partners – including educational bodies, how do they communicate to their shareholders…). But companies will (and some already are) take the necessary steps. The risk to see their competitive advantage fade away is just too important. Some of them - of course - will fail along the way.
3- Agreed. Companies I am talking to usually mention that the goal is to have 30% of their revenues coming from IP based services. They believe they can achieve this through 2015-16. So it is safe to say that the traditional IT services are not going away anytime soon.
Your final point on new software companies is also valid. In particular, this is really exciting to see that the software vendor ecosystem in India has been jumpstarted over the past few years with a lot of innovative approaches to Cloud (especially PaaS) and mobile. They also are important agents of change. One element that I have not included in my blog is that I believe large IT services vendors have a key role to play in the future development of these companies. Strong partnerships with these software players and even merger and acquisitions should be on the strategic roadmap of large IT services companies in their efforts to strengthen their IP portfolios.
Too early for IP-led solutions to have any impact
Comment from Priya Sunder (not verified) on Tue, 02/28/2012 - 03:25
While I agree that emerging trends like big data, cloud, mobility and social computing will be key focus areas for IT firms going forward, they are unlikely to change the way things work even in the next five-ten years. Maybe 20 years hence, their contribution may be more meaningful.
1: Barely 3-4% is the contribution of products and IP-led solutions as of now and this has been so for several years now.
2: Like you mentioned, Indian IT companies have never had a 'product' culture, and lack such skills as of now. What could possibly bring about a radical shift in that to cause a 'disruption' in the business model? Training? Change in the way education is imparted in engineering colleges? Tough task.
3: Moreover, one cannot simply do away with routine commoditized IT maintenance activities that form the bread and butter of Indian IT. 60-70% of a firm's expenditure still goes on these and will continue to form the larger chunk even 20 years hence.
The Indian IT industry, especially the top 5 or 6 will continue to survive largely on the traditional work that they have been doing, with a few cherries on top in the form of IP solutions.
Rather, emerging trends are giving rise to a new breed of IT companies in India. Young, creative and smart entrepreneurs setting up software firms focusing on areas like big data, IaaS, SaaS, mobile apps etc. High fragmentation. While there is a lot of innovation happening, only time will tell how many of these will achieve any scale and sustainability.
Meanwhile they will continue to coexist with the big maintenance vendors.
The change that I see is in
Comment from Umesh Palwankar (not verified) on Wed, 02/29/2012 - 01:28
The change that I see is in HOW part of the service delivery. Each of the service providers will need to think on building own solutions which will ADD VALUE to the customer's business process. To retain customer hence forth is a big challenge even for BIG companies. They need to build solutions which will help them beating the continuous challenge of the service industry "Today's value addition will become a hygiene factor tomorrow".
and how?
Comment from Yogesh Malik on Wed, 02/29/2012 - 03:47
All current players can become service brokers for one or another IP based solution and add value to customer's business process. Big data, cloud, mobility, and social computing are creating fair amount of disruptions and customer experience is becoming an important part of overall delivery. Providers and consumers are so much hyperlinked today that we are going to witness exciting conversation business has ever engaged in.
IP is dead - Long live IP!
Comment from Fred Giron on Thu, 03/01/2012 - 10:00
Hi Umesh – thanks for your comment!
I like your comment- "Today's value addition will become a hygiene factor tomorrow". Like any other asset, IP has a lifecycle. This will force vendors to put the right portfolio management processes in place to keep on innovating. Only this continuous innovation approach will generate differentiation for the IT services vendor and make clients keep on coming back.
It depends on the IP maturity level…
Comment from Fred Giron on Thu, 03/01/2012 - 10:01
Hi Yogesh – thanks for your comment!
In theory, All current players can become service brokers for one or another IP based solution and add value to customer's business process. I would argue that it all depends of the level of maturity of the IP. I believe this model will be true once the IP has reached a certain maturity level – almost becoming a stable product. Before this stage, IP will remain close to the IT service vendor.
Fred you are right ... The
Comment from Umesh Palwankar (not verified) on Fri, 03/02/2012 - 01:41
Fred you are right ... The need of the hour for Indian IT / ITeS industry is to provide solution or product based services or strategies service delivery on the RE-USE basis. This will help them increasing the PRODUCTIVITY per dollar spent and help forth coming challenges of executing more FB contracts in a profitable way by sharing profits with the customer. Rather I will call it as Customer Centric Productivity. The only way to achieve this is strategies your business around KNOWLEDGE ... its high time to build KM practices to beat raising costs of people and their productivity.
Founders not employees have to change first
Comment from Manish Garg (not verified) on Tue, 02/28/2012 - 17:00
Yes, the model will change to IP based economy. But it is a function driven by the founders and not necessarily the engineers. Upon graduation, most engineers are not baked into a single line of thinking and are open to work in different models. There are after all several product based MNCs who have hired the fresh grads to write new products.
The change will come as the industry matures and there is more VC funding available.
Four Essential Components Of Successful Innovation Initiatives
Comment from Fred Giron on Thu, 03/01/2012 - 10:03
Hi Manish, thanks for your feedback!
My fellow analyst Chris Andrews has written a very interesting piece of research some time back detailing four of the fundamental components of successful innovation. Strong innovation programs have: 1) a strategy that senior leadership supports; 2) a dedicated management function; 3) contributions from individual employees; and 4) a connection with the community.
I believe all of these elements need to be present to help IT services vendors innovate on their journey towards IP based services.
Excellent article. There are
Comment from Sanjay Mohan (not verified) on Wed, 02/29/2012 - 11:49
Excellent article. There are two forces at work here. Most sectors are looking for solutions that allow an uptick in revenue. Cost Reduction is old hat - expense management isn't but cost reduction is. This will reshape the services industry into more asset based services. The other force is on the supply side. With labor costs and currency markets taking the cost proposition away, value has to take prominence.
Cost is never a sustainable advantage. I would submit that you will see this into asset based services a lot sooner than people expect.
Comment from Fred Giron on Thu, 03/01/2012 - 10:03
Thanks Sanjay for your feedback – This is highly appreciated!
We are currently consulting
Comment from Dilip Bhonde (not verified) on Mon, 04/02/2012 - 01:37
We are currently consulting and developing solutions for IT organizations' productivity improvement. our approach is based on software engineering principles.
Software will drive way you
Comment from Mikhail Rubinov (not verified) on Mon, 03/05/2012 - 03:47
Software will drive way you do things - that's right. More you want efficiency - more you will use software solutions to automate things. But even when you are fully automated - you need people to do work. In case of consulting - you can automate gathering of needed information, but you cannot replace human for making report and recommendations. That means your nutshell "traditional human capital-intensive model come to a software capital-intensive model" is wrong. You will get both factors (human capital and software" as a critical.
Money is valuable than biting on Slevary
Comment from Raja Nagendra Kumar Kumar (not verified) on Sun, 03/25/2012 - 00:46
I see the future as death of clients first.. then transformation of Services industry.. It should have happened long ago.. however due to wrong maths & culture which got so much go in.. it would take decades for people to start even seeing the problem & roots for it..
Some of the cultures, which is leading to this fate are
1. Count Bugs as the way to show the complexity - Clients feel so good about having some numbers.. show them in the form of bugs
2. Show lower hourly rate as the way to win the client - Clients are fancy about lower hourly rate and unrealistic commitments and fail to realize that, total cost of the solution is not unrealistic estimates
3. Create complexity, so that one could continue to add bodies - Clients have to feel the pressure of not able to see the deliveries happening, even after people working 24x7 when they are paid only for 8x7 hours..
4. Make sure we add people on the name of improvement of bad results.. - So process had to work on managing bad results.. than focused on doing thing right first time
It me Product & Services are not different in their natural state, if either of them have strong respect for their last mile..
However mutual greed on either side has created this mess.. Share holders are happy to see their virtual currency grow..
In all good to see this ar
I agree to many points author
Comment from Sreekandh Balakrishnan (not verified) on Tue, 03/27/2012 - 21:32
I agree to many points author has mentioned. But how i see the whole IT spectrum is a bit different. Lets rewind ourselves back a bit. 15 years back we even did not have any application development skills. Now Indian's are decent at it ( if not experts ). If the world over market is moving toward product development as a nation India will adapt itself.
The point am making is we need to do the activities as author suggest but don't ignore the ability for the race to adapt itself when there is need.
We are conulting IT companies
Comment from Dilip Bhonde (not verified) on Mon, 04/02/2012 - 01:48
We are conulting IT companies in improving IT productiivty. Some of our observations are
1. In several IT companies (we are engaged with) do not have non linear growth, productivity improvement, and innovation on their agenda.
2. Top and middle management is busy with day-to-day operations and do not have time for strategic but not urgent initiatives.
3. IT service providers (that we have observed) are happy in working on time & materail rate contracts and engagements in coding, testing and application maintance.
4. Quality certifications are for compliance and there are hardly any effort to gain effective software engineering practices to improve productivity and quality.
5. While moving towards IP based working Asset Based Development strategies can be the first step, but we do not find focus and priority for this strategy.
Is your report out yet?
Comment from Tan Nguyen (not verified) on Tue, 10/30/2012 - 17:14
I would love to read it. Thank you!
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MND giving 'extra bonus' to ex-generals
The China Post news staff Sunday, October 21, 2012, 12:01 am TWN
The Defense Ministry has allocated almost NT$35 million annually since 2000 to give more than 2,900 retired generals an extra bonus on top of the year-end benefits enjoyed by all government retirees.
The number of retired generals entitled to the extra bonus soared to 2,908 after 2009, when only 366 retirees were given such benefits, which amounted to only NT$7.72 million, according to the latest figures from the Legislature's budget center.
The revelation comes amid controversies over year-end bonuses for retired civil servants. The Legislature on Friday blocked an attempt by opposition lawmakers to scrap annual bonuses for retired civil servants, teachers and military personnel to ease the country's financial troubles.
The Legislature has asked the Ministry of National Defense (MND) to provide details about the bonuses of retired generals, but the military refused, citing confidentiality, the United Evening News reported.
But a military spokesman, Chung Shao-ho, did say that year-end bonuses have been given to retired generals since 1983 as a demonstration of presidents' recognition of their contribution to the country.
The Legislature's budget center noted that retired generals, like all other government retirees, receive an annual bonus from the Cabinet.
The center said that for 2013, the ministry has budgeted NT$34.31 million for the bonus, with each of the qualified retired generals receiving about NT$12,000.
The United Evening News said President Ma Ying-jeou slashed the amount of Cabinet bonuses for retired generals after taking office. Ma thought that the retired generals had been receiving much more than other retirees, which had been unfair, the paper said.
Meanwhile, Su Tseng-chang, chairman of the Democratic Progressive Party (DPP), urged the Cabinet to end the year-end bonuses for government retirees, a practice that he described as a violation of the principles of fairness and justice.
But he maintained that the Cabinet must make the decision for all levels of government, rather than let local administrations decide themselves.
Some lawmakers from the main opposition party have suggested that DPP-controlled local governments stop allocating bonus budgets for civil servants under their administrations.
"There must be a unified practice for the entire nation," said Su during a charity event in response to the DPP lawmakers' call. "It isn't a race to see who does it first."
Su said it is unfair to set aside more than NT$20 billion for government retirees' bonuses, particularly when the labor insurance program faces the high possibility of bankruptcy.
Former DPP Chairwoman Tsai Ing-wen did not talk to the press during a separate event yesterday, saying she was in a hurry.
But Su Jia-chyuan, her running mate in the 2012 presidential election, echoed the incumbent DPP chairman's remarks that the central government must make the decision instead of asking local administrators to do it.
He said the Ma administration must make a quick move, defusing the conflicts between laborers on one side and governments employees on the other.
DPP spokesman Lin Chun-hsien said it is the Cabinet's responsibility, rather than the local governments'.
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If mishandled, the crisis may even lead to closure, protection, recession and the disintegration of the euro - and the balkanisation of Europe into mutually suspicious and hostile camps. The end of an era of easy movement from country to country embodied by cheap flights, a single currency and growing interpenetration of each other's economies is now in prospect. Historians may come to say that Europeans never knew they had it so good, but then they threw it away.
The EU, one of the institutional pillars of the postwar world, is visibly corroding before the disaffection of its citizens. In both France and Holland, there was a widespread if false belief - shared in other member states, including Britain - that an EU empowered by its new constitution would drive through policies that would destroy national approaches that were held dear. In France, plagued by at least 10 per cent unemployment for more than 20 years, the easily inflammable fear was that 'social France', enjoying a generous welfare state, a deep commitment to public services and benign conditions of employment, would be replaced by a minimalist, hard-hearted 'anglo-saxon' approach to welfare in the name of economic efficiency. This was the reason depressed industrial France voted against the treaty by majorities of more than 80 per cent, while Paris, like the rich suburbs of the Hague and Amsterdam, voted Yes.
Nor was that all. Both countries have suffered backlashes against immigration, with the success of the anti-Islam party led by Pim Fortuyn in Holland, who was murdered for his views, and Jean-Marie Le Pen's far right National Front in France. Already there are fears that migrant workers from the new member states in Eastern Europe are taking jobs from native French and Dutch with an alleged tidal wave of Polish plumbers in France a case in point. The prospect of an even larger influx of hard-to-integrate Muslim Turks once Turkey joined the EU was another powerful source of disaffection. Add ordinary people's sense of loss of control in an era of globalisation and distance from democracy, especially towards institutions as complex and remote as the EU's, and the cocktail of apprehension was complete.
At a stroke the EU has been transmuted from an organisation of supranational ambitions to something as weak and - unless some momentum and coherence can be recovered - as vacuous as the interwar League of Nations. Already the currency markets are beginning to worry whether the EU's greatest achievement, the euro, is sustainable without a political framework to support it. The Italian welfare minister suggested last week that Italy hold a referendum to leave the euro and bring back the lire. The entire EU edifice, and all the benefits it has brought in terms of trade, stability and peace, is at risk.
The problem is simple. Europe can neither go forward nor stay the same, because the status quo has been rendered illegitimate. France's President, Jacques Chirac, may insist that he wants the ratification process to continue, supported vainly by the German Chancellor Gerhard Schröder, but his stance is plainly self-interested and ignores basic political rules. If every other member state says Yes, then he may be provided with an excuse to run the French referendum campaign for a second time, asking the French to change their mind or risk exiting the EU. But the British, Czech and Danish referendums are now virtually unwinnable, as opinion polls in each country signal - and none of their leaders will be minded to commit political suicide to solve Chirac's problem.
In any case, few French voters believe Europe can be constructed without them, and they are right. In short, the ratification process is stone dead, as is the constitutional treaty. If, in the immediate dazed aftermath of the two votes, senior European Commission officials in Brussels were arguing ratification should continue, by Friday morning there was a readiness to accept the need for time out to reflect on what to do. Blair would be let off the hook of the British referendum.
But the EU treaty, streamlining the cumbersome procedures for a union of 25 states, was vitally needed. Few beyond the initiates understand the relationship between the European Council (the EU's political directorate with a different member state occupying the presidency every six months), the European Commission (the EU's secretariat), and the European parliament. The treaty tried to give Europe a more human face with a permanent president, a more coherent European Commission and a more empowered European Parliament, together with a more rational and fairer system of voting. It was not a breakthrough but it was an improvement. Now that it is dashed we are left with the current dysfunctional ragbag, with the No votes signalling opposition to any improvement. The danger is obvious. Locked between a rock of an unratifiable treaty and a hard place of dysfunctional institutions, the EU can only become more discredited in a vicious cycle of decline, ever more obvious impotence and growing illegitimacy.
Only last week, the row over the 48-hour working week - with Britain successfully resisting attempts to create a continent-wide level playing field - revealed the drift into institutional and political deadlock. In a different climate, the European Commission might have banged heads together to achieve compromise; today it is a bystander in the row, with no authority to insist that all states rally to a commonly agreed set of values and principles. Even before the No votes, the Commission was unable to stop France, Germany and Italy blatantly disregarding single currency rules over the size of their budget deficits, and it is becoming steadily weaker in arbitrating disputes over state aid and competition. National self-interest rules as governments try in vain to meet their electorates' demands for protection, security and non-interference. In this climate not only is building Europe hard; its achievements risk disintegrating.
That 11 countries chose to concede national referendums to ratify the treaty - in Holland it was the first referendum on any issue since the war - is another symptom of the gathering malaise. National governments did not feel politically strong enough in the current climate to ratify an intergovernmental treaty as they had in the past through their parliaments; they had to concede to the Eurosceptic, populist mood and offer a referendum - the instrument of the democratically weak and authoritarian regime alike throughout the ages. Last week we saw the anti-democratic consequences.
What has to be interpreted as the 'democratic' voice of the people is in truth the result of the anti-democratic extreme right and left coming together on this issue as they would on no other - thus weakening the parties of the normal democratic discourse who are characterised as the unlistening 'elite' while posing them with an impossible political dilemma.
Already the Dutch Prime Minister has refused an invitation from Gerhard Schröder for the original six founding members to meet to discuss whether this hard core can find a way forward; after the referendum he dare do nothing that smacks of offending the people's 'democratic judgment'. It is the paralysis that undermined European democracies in the interwar years; some very familiar and ugly ghosts are once again stalking our continent.
The stasis enveloping the EU has been steadily building ever since the collapse of communism in Eastern Europe in 1989. German reunification became inevitable and the fear was that Germany would emerge as the dominant state in Europe with a new political base in the East. It had to be tied into western Europe more completely to compensate - the settled view of both the then French President, François Mitterrand and the German Chancellor, Helmut Kohl. France would agree to German reunification and Eastern European states joining up; but the Germans had first to agree to closer economic and political union, in particular to a single currency. The Maastricht treaties were hatched, the single currency was born and the European Community was renamed the European Union with the aim of constructing a political constitution to govern a more closely integrated Europe. Such a Europe would be able to combine a commitment to social concerns with more competition, trade and freer markets.
All might have been well had the European economy responded with more growth; but while the Nordic countries, Spain and many of the smaller and new member states have grown fast with good levels of employment growth, the big three - France, Germany and Italy - have suffered a continuing crisis. All have been unable to find a way of boosting personal spending via easy credit and mortgages collateralised against property. They have failed to embrace the dynamism of the new industries such as communications and computing, and to develop vibrant service sectors, which have been the hallmark of today's more successful economies. These common problems have been made worse in Germany by the burden of reunification, and in France and Italy by the capacity of key interest groups, especially in the public sector, to obstruct any change.
Continuing economic weakness has created a profound cultural pessimism in all three countries. Instead of building a consensus for economic reform, national politicians have tried to reassure their disaffected electorates that all will be well if they stick to the European way and resist 'Anglo-Saxon' capitalism and the Brussels Commission, which they describe as its handmaiden. Thus Schröder has depicted Brussels as anti-German and Chirac has tried to build a domestic constituency by resisting what he says are anti-French policies emanating from Brussels. They have turned on their own European creation to solve their largely homemade problems.
Britain has not helped. Opting out of initiatives like the single currency and social Europe, the Blair government has chosen to attribute our economic and social success to Britain's resistance to Europe's bargains, values and preoccupations. Thus when Brussels proposes reforms, there is even more evidence for them to be characterised in mainland Europe as part of a pro-Anglo-Saxon, anti-European conspiracy.
Among the founding six member states, Brussels and European integration have come to be seen as the enemy of real Europe and the friend of Islamic immigration, high unemployment, reduced social protection, economic restructuring and 'vulture, locust capitalism'. In Britain, paradoxically, Brussels is seen as the architect of grand social schemes, inflexible labour markets, regulation, economic weakness and reduction of political sovereignty.
Neither is true. And unless British, French and German politicians start to be honest, the EU will implode into fractious and competing nationalisms that have always lain under the surface of European rhetoric. Britain is a European country whose electorate has voted in three general elections for social Britain - first cousin of social Europe - and which New Labour is building while not acknowledging what it is doing. Blairism is a quintessential European-style bargain, marrying a commitment to social justice with open markets and competition, but it is not understood in those terms either at home or in Europe. He needs to say so, and draw the sting from his European critics.
The unanimous demand for Britain to give up its budget rebate and to be offered nothing in return at the European Summit in 10 days time - a politically impossible condition for Blair - is in part because of fury with the British position. He needs to buy time, and the precondition for that is to change the way Britain is seen.
Equally, France and Germany should be honest about the necessity to reframe their own domestic bargains and stop blaming Brussels for the need for change, while Italy - in the deepest economic crisis of all - should follow their lead. The European Commission can help by being more forensic about what works in Europe and what does not, and by more proactively challenging the consensus view that everything European is an economic basket-case when the truth is more complex.
Europeans have to think straight, to talk honestly and recognise their commonality. If they continue to resort to creating false enemies and false choices, there is no doubt that the European project will fail and with it the prosperity and peace we take for granted. What Europe now needs is time to assimilate the message from last week's votes and to stop the ratification process - if a warning on such a scale is not heeded, everything could be lost.
The rosy scenario ...
· Ratification process halted at EU summit on 16 June for period of 'reflection'.
· Agreement reached on EU budget. Britain agrees phased withdrawal of its budget rebate in return for phased ending of Common Agricultural Policy.
· German economy starts to improve in autumn 2005 as reforms kick in.
· German success seen as victory for Blairism and the value of British economic and social model.
· Political revolt in France against Chirac, and insistence that it follow German reforms which are now clearly working.
· 2006/7: European economic growth rises to 3 per cent. European Central Bank lowers interest rates.
· 2007: Proposals for streamlined, democratic EU introduced with fewer powers.
· Proposed treaty agreed in 2008. Ratification starts 2009 against background of falling unemployment.
· Referendum won in Britain by Prime Minister Brown and in France by President Sarkozy.
· 2010: European economy booms on rising consumer and investor confidence. Turkish accession talks now begin.
... and the gloomy outlook
· 2005/6: European Summit ends in disarray. No agreement on European Union budget, ratification process or what to do.
· Italy's Prime Minister Berlusconi declares he will hold referendum on leaving euro in spring 2006. Italians vote to quit currency.
· Euro in free-fall as France and Germany prepare contingency plans for return of franc and mark. European Central Bank (ECB) forced to raise interest rates.
· 2006/7: German and French economy move into deep recession as ECB puts up interest rates to save euro. Extremist left and right parties make big advances.
· Summer 2007: Incoming left-wing French government under President Laurent Fabius suspends euro membership, raises tariffs and leaves World Trade Organisation.
· Spring 2008: German Chancellor Angela Merkel declares European Union dead. Germany will no longer recognise European law, but instead will work for a European common market with floating European exchange rates.
· 2009: British unemployment tops 2 million. House prices crash. British National Party predicted to win 50 or more seats in 2010 General Election.


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Yea sadly it's full of cones >.<
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Timeline to Prepare for Graduate School
A minor in Chinese consists of 21 credit hours of Chinese courses beyond Chinese 101 and 102.
Travel during college is important to broadening your world, and no matter your major, you can study abroad. If you're the type to really cast off the reins and explore an international university and culture on your own, the Office of International Education will pair you with the right program.
Many students studying a modern language at Grove City College prepare for careers in translation, teaching, government, social work, bilingual services, interpretation, and foreign service by interning at various organizations and businesses domestically and abroad.
Every student's story is different, and how you choose to take advantage of the
numerous opportunities to learn, grow and flourish is up to you.
Students graduating with a B.A. in French or Spanish are well poised for careers in translation, teaching, government, social work, bilingual services, interpretation, foreign service and more.
Recommended resources by the Department of Modern Languages faculty at Grove City College.
At Grove City College, we believe that travel is essential for growth. That's why we make it as easy and affordable as possible for our students to study abroad.


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RDP going round on an 800 and probably injured half the year...what kind of cack handed effort at a works team is that ? ....why bother.
I'm not anti Suzuki, far from it, I had a GSXR.


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Southeast Missouri State University
Assistant Professor/Instructor
Candidate will teach and provide clinical supervision of students, primarily in medical surgical settings. Candidates will also participate in committee work, public service, and professional organizations.
Southeast Missouri State University is a comprehensive regional state university with seven colleges and schools, 11,500 students, and a faculty and staff of over 1,100. Southeast, a moderately selective institution, offers baccalaureate, masters and specialist degrees, and participates in joint doctoral programs with the University of Missouri. Cape Girardeau, a historic city overlooking the Mississippi River, is the hub of a thriving county with a population of approximately 71,000. Serving a region of more than 500,000 people, it is the largest center for retail, medical, manufacturing, communications, and cultural activities between St. Louis and Memphis.
To view complete job announcement and position requirements visit:
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If you are not 100% satisfied with your purchase, you can return your order to the warehouse for a full refund (Bottles must be unopened, in the state you received them, and in the original packaging). We believe that in order to have the best possible online shopping experience, our customers should not have to pay for domestic return shipping. So if you're not happy with your purchase, just contact us right away and we will provide you with details for returning the unopened bottles - your domestic shipping costs are prepaid by us.
With the WineChateau.com 365 day return policy, there are no special catches or exceptions. All we ask is that you send the items back to us in the original packaging, unopened, and in the same condition you received them.
Have questions? Prefer to order by Phone? The Wine Chateau Customer Loyalty Team (WCCLT) is happy to help!
Call WCCLT Monday - Friday 10am - 7pm EST:
1-888-423-8079 or
Email Wine Chateau Customer Loyalty Team
Much like Scotch, Irish whiskey has some regulations about production, but the requirements are less stringent than its neighbor. To create the distinct flavor profile of Irish whiskey, the spirit is distilled three times and aged in wooden casks for a minimum of three years. The distillation process is meant to show the flavor of the grains used in the mash.
Ireland's whiskey exports have fluctuated in the past, leaving only several distilleries scattered throughout the country. As the spirit is back on the rise, new distilleries are popping up and are currently putting their batches through the aging process before they are ready for bottling, distribution and sale.
When you order and buy Irish whiskey, we encourage you to try the many types, including single pot still, single malt, single grain and blended. Buy Jameson Irish whiskey online at Wine Chateau along with the country's other popular brands.


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Take a moment to learn from previous conferences, there are a lot of great topics covered by a variety of speakers. You can even go back and time and experience the conferences by following the link to each year's conference page and watching videos of the various sessions., You can also see the progression in the media and overall presentation, which changes from year to year as it is put on by a different group of students. Please give us feedback on the different conferences, what worked and what could be better. We will take into consideration any comments for future conferences and would greatly appreciate your input!
Empire Screen Printing in Onalaska was the host as the conference was held in the western part of Wisconsin for the first time. Though the crowd was smaller, the keynotes were high powered (highly evaluated), featuring Dairyland Power's CEO Barb Nick and Empire Screen's President John Freismuth. Also, for the first time, the final plenary featured an interview with senior managers from both Kwiktrip and Gundersen Health by the Milwaukee Journal Sentinel's Tom Content. Breakout sessions included Public/Private Partnerships, Sustainability Tools, Telling Your Sustainability Story and Using Renewable Energy in Your Business.
For the first time, the conference was hosted by an academic institution. UW Oshkosh was chosen by the Sierra Club as the third most sustainable campus in the nation, and the conference team chose UW-O to hear more about their anaerobic digestor, LEED buildings and senior management commitment. The final plenary featured Roy Thilly, former President and CEOof WPPI Energy. Breakout sessions included Building Systems and Sustainability, Marketing and Branding Around Sustainability, Water as a Sustainability Issue, Sustainability Metrics and Supply Chain Innovation and the Value of Collaboration.
Harley Davidson was the host of the largest WI Sustainable Business Conference ever! Excellent keynotes from Harley CEO Matt Levatich and Gundersen Health CEO Jeff Thompson. Breakout sessions included Sustainability Metrics, CFOs and Sustainability, Targeting Zero Waste, Communicating Sustainability, Supply Chain Sustainability and Small Business and Sustainability.
The 6th Annual Conference was hosted by Lands' End in Dodgeville, WI on December 13th, 2013.
The morning keynote was given by Tom Boldt, CEO of The Boldt Company and our afternoon keynote was given by Christopher A. Ruud, Global LED Adoption at Cree.
In addition, for the first time ever, we hosted a comedian, Jeff Havens who discussed generational differences in the workplace.
Despite being hosted 45 minutes outside of Madison, we witnessed a record attendance. Whether it was the beautifully scenic route to the conference, the conference sponsored busing options, or both, we must have done something right to continually grow each year.
The fifth annual conference was held at American Family Insurance in Madison on December 7th, 2012. The keynote address, "Sustainability at American Family: Raising our Game," was given by Evonne Steger, Associate VP of Corporate Strategy and Planning at American Family Insurance. Sessions included:
- Innovation Leaders of Today
- Environmental Management Systems
- Sourcing to Encourage Sustainability
- Economics of Sustainability
- Breakthrough Technologies of Sustainability
- Greening Your Fleet
- Workforce Health and Wellness
- What We Can Learn From Green Breweries
The 4th annual conference was held December 8th, 2011 and was held in Monona Terrance in Madison, Wisconsin. The keynote address was given by Kohls EVP, Ken Bonning who discusses the rationale behind Kohl's commitment for green power and sustainability. Conference sessions included:
- Improving Performance in Existing Buildings, Energy, and Water Efficiency
- Small Businesses and Sustainability
- Sustainability, Reputation and ROI
- What Makes Effective Green Business Leaders
- Choosing the Right Sustainability Metrics
- Advances in Sustainability Reporting
The 3rd annual conference was held December 8th, 2010 and was hosted by Mirion Construction in Neenah, Wisconsin. . The conference focused on taking full account of the environmental and social consequences of economic activity. Session themes included:
- The Economics of Sustainability: How Sustainability Improved My Triple Bottom Line
- Environmental Excellence Programs and Business Success
- Identifying and Using Key Environmental Metrics
- Tour of Miron Construction
- Green Trends in Packaging
- Best Practices in Communicating Your Sustainability Message
- Best Practices for Internal Organization Around Sustainability
- Sustainable Sourcing/Purchasing
- Energy Efficient Solutions/Energy Technology
- Beyond Environmental Sustainability- How and Why to Integrate Safety, Health, Governance, Labor and Ethics Issues into Your Sustainability Agenda
The 2nd annual conference was held December 3rd, 2009 and was hosted by Discovery World in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. The keynote was presented by Jeff Niesen, VP Construction Management, Boldt Company. Sessions included:
- Trends in Sustainability and WI Sustainable Business Council Tools for Helping Businesses Get Started on the Road to Sustainability
- Greening Milwaukee: How Milwaukee's Journey Toward Sustainability is a Business Issue
- Sustainability and Our Food Systems
- Designing your Corporate Sustainability Report
- Getting Started on Your Sustainability Program
- Water and Sustainability
- Injecting Sustainability into Logistics and Supply Chain Management
- Corporate Response to Climate Change
- Business and the Social Side of Sustainability
- WI Green Tier Program: One Tool on a Journey Toward Sustainability
- Using Sustainability to get through the Economic Crisis
The first Wisconsin Sustainable Business Council Conference was held December 8th, 2008 and was hosted by Epic Systems Corporation in Verona, Wisconsin. The keynote speaker was Steve Dickmann, Chief Administrative Officer of Epic Systems Corporation. Sessions included:
- Post Election Landscape
- What Drives Businesses to Embrace Sustainability
- MillerCoors: Developing a Culture of Sustainability & The Challenge of the Brutal Facts
- Green Jobs


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Confidence vote looms
-after President dismisses Ramjattan's claims
Alliance For Change (AFC) leader Khemraj Ramjattan in a letter to President Donald Ramotar on Thursday said that the party saw no alternative but to move a no-confidence motion against his administration but the president last night said such a motion was "completely baseless and spurious" and he would be prepared for the consequences.
The correspondence between the two leaders moves the country closer to a confidence vote and fresh general elections. All eyes will now be on the main opposition coalition, APNU. Yesterday, APNU said that it is continuing to mull throwing its support behind a motion of no-confidence. Observers say that APNU is unlikely to make a decision on whether it will support the no-confidence motion until its main constituent, the PNCR, holds its congress next weekend.
Ramjattan, nevertheless told this newspaper yesterday that he has commenced the motion's drafting and intends to lay it in Parliament at the "opportune time." In his letter, Ramjattan told Ramotar that the AFC "is of the view that the options for lawful and constitutional alternatives have rapidly decreased" in relation to what he said was the unauthorized withdrawals from the Consolidated Fund.
These options included recommending Finance Minister Dr Ashni Singh to the Privileges Committee over recent budget spending and getting the police involved. The Privileges Committee has been moving very slowly on Singh's matter, and though Ramjattan only furnished the police with a "Complaint and Brief" yesterday (see other story on page 14) he is moving ahead with the drafting of the motion.
Ramjattan says the AFC "finds it wholly unacceptable that (Ramotar's) government is now spending from the Consolidated Fund beyond the provisions of the Appropriations Act of 2014 or any other approved by the Assembly." Such acts, he continued, cannot be condoned. The idea of a no-confidence motion against government materialised after Singh revealed he had authorized the spending of $4.533 billion after it was cut from this year's budget. Fed-up with government's "abuse" of the Consolidated Fund it was AFC Executive Moses Nagamootoo who first floated the idea of the no-confidence vote.
In his letter Ramjattan declared that the "Party sees no other alternative than to proceed with this constitutional mechanism for removal of an unpopular Government that has ceased to enjoy the confidence of the National Assembly, and who by its actions demonstrated an unlawful and contemptuous disregard for the Supreme Law of the Country."
The "constitutional mechanism" to which Ramjattan refers is found in Article 106 (6) of the Constitution of the Co-operative Republic of Guyana Act. The Article states that "the Cabinet including the President shall resign if the Government is defeated by the vote of a majority of all the elected members of the National Assembly on a vote of confidence."
Ramjattan reiterated that his party is deeply concerned "over the unauthorized and unconstitutional withdrawals" engaged in by Singh as reported in Financial Paper #1 of 2014. Singh's actions, Ramjattan writes, contravene Article 217 of the constitution, and are not justified by Article 218 as Singh and other government representatives are alleging.
The President though, who responded to Ramjattan last night, maintains that "Article 218 is unambiguous in allowing for expenditure to be incurred in the absence, or in excess of available appropriations as approved in the extant Appropriation Act."
The President also cited as justification, part of Chief Justice Ian Chang's ruling which essentially says that it is Singh who must make the requisite "finding under Article 218 (3) of the constitution…"
Ramotar further iterated that his government and the People's Progressive Party Civic (PPP/C) are prepared to face the consequences of the AFC's motion. The President warned Ramjattan that fresh elections will give government an opportunity to highlight to voters the AFC's "anti-development" voting patterns.
Ramotar says the PPP/C will have "the ability to demand that the AFC explains to the Guyanese people their denial of them having cheap energy by opposing the Hydro Power Station at Amaila." He also told Ramjattan that he "will have the chance to explain why you have voted against giving the Guyanese people better health care due to your opposition to a specialty hospital.
Moreover, you will clarify for the electorate whether it was because your client lost out in the bidding process to construct the complex."
Ramotar also signalled intentions to ask questions on the AFC's opposition to the construction of the Marriott Hotel, and whether the party's objection to the hotel is tied to the fact that its chief financier is also in the hotel business.
Ramotar also says "it will give you the opportunity to explain to the Guyanese people how and why the Chairman of your party interfered with the judicial process causing the persons who were charged with the Lusignan massacre to walk free…an opportunity will be provided for you to explain why you partnered with the APNU calling for the closing down of the sugar factory thereby jeopardizing the lives and livelihood of thousands of sugar workers and their families.
Finally, Ramotar said the PPP/C would highlight the party's cutting of the budget, and its opposition to the passing of the anti-money laundering bill. "Of course I can continue but I think the point is made," the president said.
APNU MP Joseph Harmon told Stabroek News yesterday that the coalition is still considering the AFC's proposal. He added that in light of the letter Ramjattan sent to the President on Thursday APNU is likely to discuss whether or not to support a no-confidence motion during its Shadow Cabinet meeting next Tuesday.
In the meantime Harmon spoke of the likelihood of government ignoring the no-confidence motion as it has done with other motions it did not find favourable.
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The Arsenal manager has moved to strengthen his midfield by targeting Mathieu Flamini as Ray Parlour agrees a £1.7million deal with Middlesbrough and speculation continues over the future of Vieira.
Flamini rejected his first professional contract at Marseille after coming through the youth system.
It means Wenger should be able to pick up one of the most highly rated young French players by paying only compensation to Marseilles - less than £1m.
The 20-year-old is a defensive holding player who has quickly gained an impressive reputation after bursting on the scene last season and Arsenal are willing to offer him a five-year deal after serious interest from Charlton and Everton.
His decision to leave has angered Marseille coach Jose Anigo, who has already lost striker Didier Drogba to Chelsea this summer.
Flamini has the option to leave because he had not signed a professional contract at the French club and it means Arsenal will not have to pay a transfer fee.
Coach Anigo was furious. "It's pure treachery," he said. "Flamini cheated me. Money is the only reason why he didn't sign for us.
"He was just pretending when he said he wanted to leave because he was afraid he would get less games next season. Now he will have to push Patrick Vieira to the sideline. I shall never again line up a player who is not under contract."
Flamini said: "When I was younger, I modelled myself on Didier Deschamps when he played for Marseille and Juventus. Now, I am inspired by Patrick Vieira and Claude Makelele. I try to copy the way they bring out the ball and their vision of the play."
Parlour, meanwhile, is ready to complete a move to Teesside on a three-year contract.
The 31-year-old's agent Steve Kutner said: "He's excited about playing for Middlesbrough in Europe next season and very happy to extend his career because he only had one year left (on his contract) at Arsenal."
Romford-born Parlour joined Arsenal as a trainee and signed his first professional contract at Highbury in March 1991.
Arsenal, who play a pre-season friendly against Maribor in Slovenia tonight, hope to complete the Flamini deal before the Ajax tournament in Amsterdam next weekend and his cut-price recruitment again reflects the massive contrast in philosophies between Highbury and big-spending Chelsea.
New Chelsea head coach Jose Mourinho has splashed out an incredible £70m on six new signings while Arsenal have contented themselves with a more long-term strategy with youth the priority.
With Wenger still waiting for developments in the Vieira situation, there was more unsettling news for Arsenal today with reports that his midfield team-mate Edu is keen on a move to Barcelona.
The Brazilian, who has previously asked for a new contract at the club, said: "Playing for Barcelona represents a dream for me. I've known of their interest in me since January. I already play for a great team."
- More about:
- Arsenal
- Didier Drogba
- Marseille
- Mathieu Flamini
- Middlesbrough FC


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Masters of the Planet: The Search for Our Human Origins (Macsci) (original 2012; edition 2012)
by Ian Tattersall
Work details
Masters of the Planet: The Search for Our Human Origins by Ian Tattersall (2012)
No current Talk conversations about this book.
Good, basic guide through the hominid tangle.
A fascinating, enlightening glimpse into the evolution of man. It was educational, easy to read/understand, and unexpectedly emotional. I really enjoyed this book!
I read a lot of popular biology, evolution, and anthropology, and had a solid foundation from which to work when I read Masters of the Planet, but I was thrilled to find Tattersall's narrative very well constructed and the information he provided was easily digestible without losing the most interesting and complicated ideas. MotP is very recommended for anyone with an interest in the subject of the origins of our species.
I must confess that much of what I took for accepted facts about human evolution were ripped apart in the space of two hundred pages.
I think this is one of those books that can spin you around and knock a new point of view into your head.
Read and be enlightened.
Tattersall, curator emeritus at the American Museum of Natural History, begins with early hominids, who took the first step away from apedom about 5 million years ago by rising to walk on two legs. In absorbing detail, he describes two centuries of often-grueling field research that turned up more species that learned to make tools and whose brains slowly grew.
References to this work on external resources.
Wikipedia in English (1)
Amazon.com Product Description (ISBN 023010875X, Hardcover)
50,000 years ago – merely a blip in evolutionary time – our Homo sapiens ancestors were competing for existence with several other human species, just as their own precursors had been doing for millions of years. Yet something about our species separated it from the pack, and led to its survival while the rest became extinct. So just what was it that allowed Homo sapiens to become Masters of the Planet? Curator Emeritus at the American Museum of Natural History, Ian Tattersall takes us deep into the fossil record to uncover what made humans so special. Surveying a vast field from initial bipedality to language and intelligence, Tattersall argues that Homo sapiens acquired a winning combination of traits that was not the result of long term evolutionary refinement. Instead it emerged quickly, shocking their world and changing it forever.
(retrieved from Amazon Thu, 12 Mar 2015 18:24:22 -0400)
"When homo sapiens made their entrance 100,000 years ago they were confronted by a wide range of other early humans--homo erectus, who walked better and used fire; homo habilis who used tools; and of course the Neanderthals, who were brawny and strong. But shortly after their arrival, something happened that vaulted the species forward and made them the indisputable masters of the planet. This book is devoted to revealing just what that difference is. It explores how the physical traits and cognitive ability of homo sapiens distanced them from the rest of nature. Even more importantly, Masters of the Planet looks at how our early ancestors acquired these superior abilities; it shows that their strange and unprecedented mental facility is not, as most of us were taught, simply a basic competence that was refined over unimaginable eons by natural selection. Instead, it is an emergent capacity that was acquired quite recently and changed the world definitively"--… (more)
(summary from another edition)
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Interestingly, Hinduism is the fastest growing religion in Ghana. And no one is involved in the business of converting anyone. Kwesi Anamoah, national president of the African Hindu Temple, discusses the spread of Hinduism within Ghana. "Today, there are 2,000 to 3,000 families worshipping all over the country which is a big increase from the 24 people who participated in the first-ever training camp in 1976 to become disciples. We have not achieved this through the winning of souls as other … [Read more...]
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