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Beno Eckmann
|Bern, Switzerland
|Died in Zurich, Switzerland
|Immediate Family:
Son of Aron Eckmann and Brucha (Busia) Eckmann
|Managed by:
|Micha Bein
|Last Updated:
Historical records matching Beno Eckmann
Immediate Family
<private> Wolfspouse
<private> Eckmannchild
<private> Eckmannchild
<private> Eckmannsibling
About Beno Eckmann
Curriculum vitae
( Extracted from : "Beno Eckmann Selecta" Springer-Verlag, 1987.)
Born March 31, 1917 in Bern, Switzerland
Schools in Bern, Gymnasium (Latin-Greek),diploma (Maturität) 1935
Student, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich (ETH) 1935-39,
diploma (Master's degree) in Mathematics 1939
Assistant, ETH 1939-42
Dr. sc. math. (Ph. D.), ETH 1941, with Kern prize and silver medal
Lecturer, then Associate Professor, Université de Lausanne 1942-48
Privatdozent, ETH 1942
Professor of Mathematics, ETH 1948
Professor Emeritus 1984
Member, Institute for advanced Study Princeton: January- September 1947
summer 1951, spring 1952
Visiting Professor: University of Michigan summer 1950, University of Illinois
winter 1952, University of Carolina Berkeley summer 1955, Scuola Normale Superiore
Pisa spring 1958, Università di Roma winter 1966, University of Washington summer 1970
and others.
Secretary, International Mathematical Union 1956-61
President, Swiss Mathematical Society 1961-62
Head, Mathematics Research Institute ETH 1964-84
Member of Research Council, Swiss National Science Foundation, 1973-84
Honorary doctor's degrees: Université de Fribourg 1964, Ecole Polytechnique
Fédérale Lausanne 1969, Israel Institute of Technology 1983
Prix Mondial Nessim Habif, Université de Genève 1967
Death of a gifted mathematician
Category: Switzerland
George Szpiro
BENO Eckmann
On Tuesday this week is Beno Eckmann, emeritus professor of mathematics at the ETH-Zurich, at the age of 91 years in Hugo Mendel Heim died. Eckmann was considered one of the most renowned mathematicians of the 20th Century.
After the death of Beno Eckmann comforting, it seems that his students - he looked over his long career more than 70 doctoral students - his legacy with their own, now more than 1000 pupils and students to students around the world continue with it. Eckmann Founded in 1917 as the son of a biochemist and a medical doctor born in Berne. There he attended the high school, studied Latin, Greek and mathematics. In the latter compartment although he was good, but that he is to the profession would do was not clear. His father advised him, as a mathematician only teachers will join an insurance company, or in the bread-free research could work. Nevertheless, he joined in autumn 1935 together with a dozen other physics and Mathematikstudendenten studying at the ETH in.
Men of international reputation - among them Michel Plancherel, George Polya, the logician Paul Bernays, who later became a Nobel Laureate in Physics Wolfgang Pauli, and especially Hans-Heinz Hopf, the leading spirit in the then still relatively young field of topology - were his teachers. For Hopf Eckmann wrote his doctoral thesis, even measured against the high demands of the ETH was excellent and with a Prize.
As a lecturer in the U.S.
In 1942 Eckmann as extraordinary professor at the University of Lausanne. As an artillery observer made the young lecturer during the Second World War in the Valais Alps active service. Two weeks of lectures alternated with two weeks from military service. After the war, followed by two visits of the famous Institute for Advanced Studies in Princeton, where he was a huge advance over the guild - among others Albert Einstein, Kurt Gödel, John von Neumann - met. After his return was Eckmann 1948 a full professorship at the ETH Zurich, which he accepted, and until his retirement in 1984 maintained.
In his research examined Eckmann repeatedly applications of its earlier results to new mathematical problems. This is the word "application"
However, with a generous pinch of salt to enjoy, because Eckmann understands this term no "practical" application. A researcher should never be on the solution of everyday problems - for example in the engineering sciences - focus, said Eckmann. Often appeared in later and totally unexpected applications, but for a research mathematician should the relevance of his inquiries never represent a guideline. An entirely theoretical investigation which Eckmann published in 1954, was about 50 years later to his own amazement of an application in economics.
Global Relations
Eckmann shied never even administrative tasks. Among other things, he served 1961-62 as president of the Swiss Mathematical Society, 1956 to 1961 as Secretary ¬ General of the International Mathematical Association and for 20 years from 1964 to 1984 as director, which he founded the Research Institute for Mathematics at the ETH.
As a member of the Jewish community in Zurich, he felt the universities in Israel very much and was a member of the support companies of the Hebrew University, the Technion, the University in Beersheva in 1983, he was from the Technion in Haifa appointed an honorary doctorate. He maintained close ties to the mathematical research in Barcelona, Vancouver and Columbus in Ohio.
Beno Eckmann's Timeline
March 31, 1917
Bern, Switzerland
November 25, 2008
Age 91
Zurich, Switzerland


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Many a coach down the years has declared that he would rather be lucky than good and it is a mantra which Bernard Laporte may have been repeating to himself on Saturday night.
If the Frenchman's good fortune extends to captain Olivier Magne escaping further punishment for a clear stamp on Italian wing Denis Dallan, he might consider the opening game of this Six Nations campaign something of a charmed fixture.
An ugly 33-12 victory over dogged Italy can be considered a fairly good return from an unimpressive performance by France, who began the day eager to jump a month ahead for 'Le Crunch' with England.
On this evidence, the only thing to worry Clive Woodward is the notion that the French will - in predictably unpredictable fashion - follow up a lacklustre showing by blitzing Wales on route to rediscovering the form which destroyed Australia and South Africa in the autumn. Laporte is fond of saying that 'only victory is pretty' but even he was forced to make excuses for the fractious, error-strewn 80-odd minutes of bumbling and lawbreaking which passed for entertainment at the Stade de France, saying: 'I'm sorry it wasn't a good advertisement for the game. I apologise to the spectators.' Perhaps he should have apologised to Dallan, not to mention Carlo Checchinato. The latter was sin-binned after 35 minutes for taking a swipe at Magne when the French skipper appeared to be doing a tap-dance on Dallan.
Italy were 12-3 up at that point, thanks to the boot of local Stade Francais hero Diego Dominguez but, with only 14 men, they crumbled - conceding a first try to Damien Traille and going in 19-12 down at half-time. The visitors' assistant coach, John Kirwan, said: 'If you watch the video, I think anyone in Carlo's situation would act the same. We can't condone acts of foul play but he saw one of his team-mates being fouled.' Head coach Brad Johnstone said he would not be citing Magne but, once others in higher authority watch the tape, Magne may yet find himself in trouble - possibly even suspended.
Irish referee Alan Lewis had already sin-binned French forward David Auradou early in the first half and, as the second period progressed, he sent three more Italians - Marco Bortolami, Matthew Phillips and Dominguez - to the bin for offences ranging from persistent offside to killing the ball.
An injury-time try from Serge Betsen put some gloss on the scoreline but there is no doubt the Italian preference for playing on the fringes of offside disrupted the French, forcing a series of horrible handling errors.
Johnstone believes this inyour-face approach is the way to curtail the natural Gallic flair, yet warned: 'I still think France can do something very interesting against England. They will be the main challengers.' If Monsieur Laporte's luck is in, perhaps.
- More about:
- France
- Italy
- Six Nations Rugby
- Stade De France
- Wales

subset: commoncrawl


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{COFFEE WORKSHOP} THURSDAY 22ND JUNE – As part of the DMP Harvest Festival (16th – 25th June), we are hosting a coffee immersion workshop: 'From Bean to Machine' If you love coffee or know nothing at all – this workshop is for you!
Tag: coffee roasting
Smoke Out Barbecue Dinners
If juicy slow smoker-barbecued local meats are your thing, then you need to join us on the last Saturday of each month (except July) from 5.30pm. Please book to avoid disappointment!


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Date(s) - January 1 2014
1:00 pm - 8:00 pm
Looking for a way to start 2014 off right? Then come to the club on January 1 for the Hangover Spiel!
You may have heard stories of it from your friends. They're all true. It's a two-game, so-not-serious "bonspiel" with unusual rules that change every end. One end you may be throwing rocks to the house on the opposite end of a different sheet. The next end may be with the little rocks, or with no talking. As has been said for years, "Never before will your inability to hit the broom pay off so well."
We start around 1:00 pm, play a six (or maybe seven) end game, then break for dinner. Back by popular demand, Chef Chip Cherlow has the perfect hangover food: Pho-jitas (though there will be regular fajitas too if you prefer). Then we'll go back out for another six or seven ends. (How could there be seven, you ask? Come and find out.)
Entry is just $10. Sign up on the website to reserve your spot today.
The Hangover Spiel. It's the BIGGEST curling event of 2014…so far.
Sign up on our events page: HangoverSpiel Sign Up


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|The latest Nokia phone...the E7
And Nokia gave me a customized Linda Ikeji E7 phone, specially designed for me!
I'm gradually becoming a VIP! The joys of blogging...lol.
Also, Nokia will be giving away the E7 to one lucky reader of my blog. The competition will start in a few days, so watch out for it! This phone is amazing, trust me, you want to own one...so join the competition!
I can't wait to start taking random pictures with this phone and uploading directly to this blog...with an 8mp camera, I will be causing major damage...lol.
Watch out guys!


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So I'm interested in learning guitar and was wondering what's the best way for someone with no music background to learn? I know GarageBand has some downloadable tutorials and some cool features like a built tuner, but what are some other, popular, and effective apps/websites/YouTube series?
Thanks a bunch!
As a beginner I used "guitar tabs" they are super easy to understand and you can learn a whole song in just a couple of hours.
Ex: if you want to play Helicopter by Bloc Party, search "helicopter bloc party guitar tabs" and you will find these things.
The guides are very easy to understand; the numbers represent guitar frets.
Watch this tutorial on how to read guitar tabs.
Take a course
Learn basic chords such as a, c, d, g, f and so on and try playing simple songs such as sipmle man (I think the Shinedown version is easier), wonderwall – oasis, Kryptonite – 3 doors down.
Those are the first songs I learned.. took me about a week to get them all right but if you spend an hour per day for a week you learn fast. And don't worry about your fingers, the pain will stop once you've played enough xD
Edit: And check out this guy: http://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=guitarjamz+easy+beginner+songs&oq=guitarjamz+&gs_l=youtube.1.0.0l4j0i10j0j0i10j0l3.812.8263.0.11604.33.20.9.18.104.22.168.1690.15j5.20.0...0.0...1ac.1.11.youtube.rmFqXxpNLsY
He's brilliant and have alot of songs for beginners
Learn to read tabs. Get guitar pro software, which is very easy to use. Just be sure to get the 5.5 version, not the fancy new stuff which is too complicated for no reason. Then go to ultimate-guitar.com and search for your favourite songs and try to play along. Look for instructions on the internet on how to read guitar tabs, they're very easy. That's how i started.
- Go to the music store and buy a guitar
- Go back home, leave the guitar in the closet and forget about it
- Go out, meet people, fall in love
- Sooner or later, you'll find yourself feeling sad and lonely
- Go back home, open the closet, grab the guitar and play
Make sure you learn the right music style. Than e, g and a should be enough.
Back in the good old days, I just had a crappy guitar my aunt gave me, and some books for learning. I was about 12 and didn't have much of a social life, so that helped.
Maybe takes a few classes it is the best way to start…


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TOP EXECUTIVES of Monsanto, the world's leading biotechnology firm, are pressing the board to pull out of genetically modified crop trials in Britain, because public hostility is damaging its business.
TOP EXECUTIVES of Monsanto, the world's leading biotechnology firm, are pressing the board to pull out of genetically modified crop trials in Britain, because public hostility is damaging its business.
Senior company sources have told the Independent on Sunday that a powerful group within management is arguing that the trial plantings should cease entirely. Although the Monsanto chairman, Bob Shapiro, is insisting that the trials must continue, the company has already drastically scaled back its planting in Britain. Senior managers are deeply frustrated by the success of anti-GM campaigners in disrupting them.
The Independent on Sunday has also learned that the Clinton administration is so concerned at Monsanto's troubles in Britain that it is putting heavy pressure on ministers to allow a new GM maize, developed by the company, into British shops and supermarkets.
The US multinational's withdrawal would be a devastating blow, both to the GM industry and to Tony Blair who has made support for biotechnology an integral part of the New Labour "project" for Britain.
The Prime Minister is facing a revolt within his own party - expected to surface at this month's Labour party conference - over the pro-GM stance on which he has staked much of his authority. Shortly afterwards, Mr Shapiro will fly to Britain to plead his case at a Greenpeace conference. Investors have been deserting Monsanto and other biotechnology companies as opposition to their GM products has grown; Monsanto shares have fallen by more than 10 per cent over the past six months. Deutsche Bank, Europe's largest, predicts that GM organisms will become a "pariah" for shareholders and a "liability" to farmers and warns of "an earnings nightmare" for Monsanto.
Statistics collected by Friends of the Earth from government documents show that Monsanto has cut its trials by three-quarters over the past 12 months. This year it has only about 30 sites around the country, compared with 110 in 1998.
Pete Riley, the pressure group's GM campaigner, said: "Monsanto are drastically scaling down their operations in the face of overwhelming public opposition to their activities in the UK. It is time they packed up and went home altogether."
Monsanto officially denies that there have been discussions about ending the UK trials and says that the reduction is not evidence of an impending withdrawal. A spokeswoman at its headquarters in Missouri said: "There have been no such discussions. We think it's important that people get the information that comes out of these trials."
But senior sources in the UK privately admit that top mangement is indeed advocating a withdrawal. Peter Melchett, executive director of Greenpeace, says that this would be a disaster for the company. "If they cannot make it in England, where they have the most sympathetic government in Europe, it is hard to see how they could make it anywhere," he said.Reuse content


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2007 Frontier w/6' bed.
Reviewed By Ralph D (Garnerville, NY) Reviewed for a 2007 Nissan Frontier —11/10/2016 6:32 AM
The ease of installation was great , the hardest part was just getting it to line up straight. but it took me only 20 to 30 minutes to put on.. Time will tell how good the top itself is. But as of now ,it looks great , was inexpensive , and was I breeze to install.
Good quality
Reviewed By Robert H (NORWICH, CT) Reviewed for a 2007 Nissan Frontier —5/24/2016 10:26 AM
Installed and had on for just over a month now. Keeps bed dry and clean. Material was super tight after initial install in cold weather. Recommend retightening periodically. I don't like how it sits on tailgate, there is a very small gap, but there is enough overlap to keep the bed dry.
Reviewed By John P (Sarasota, FL) Reviewed for a 2007 Nissan Frontier —6/20/2014 5:17 AM
Not happy at all. The bar that goes across the tailgate is bowed down. After a couple of days it has started to develop wrinkles at the front and the rear. Took completely off and re-installed, still looks like crap. I expected it to be nice and square and flat. Sure dose not look like the pictures, or the videos. According to this web site it has adjustable latches, it does not, they are spring loaded, and seem way too tight. VERY DISAPPOINTED!!!!!!!!


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The Asthma Education Centre is located on the 3rd Floor, Cardiopulmonary Department in the Carlo Fidani Building.
To obtain an appointment, a Physician Referral is required. Once the centre receives your referral we will contact you directly to arrange an appointment. A health care professional who is trained in asthma management strategies will be able to work with you in customizing a written asthma action plan. There is no cost to you or your physician.
What to expect during your education session:
- An individual 1 hour session
- Perform routine spirometry, (to measure your breathing) for those who are able to do the test
- Understand "what is asthma" and common symptoms
- Identify early and late warning signs
- Introduce ways to monitor your level of asthma control
- Learn how to identify asthma triggers and ways to avoid or reduce exposure.
- Find out about the medications your doctor has prescribed and learn how to use your inhaler properly
- Discuss how to monitor your symptoms, medication use and potential asthma triggers using an asthma diary
- Learn about peak flow measurements
- Develop an asthma action plan using your current prescribed medications
- Follow-up will be arranged
Routine Spirometry will be performed, at the beginning of each session, for those who are able to do the maneuver.
There is no cost to the referring doctor or the patient.
The Credit Valley Hospital,
Cardiopulmonary Department [map]
2200 Eglinton Avenue West,
Mississauga ON, L5M 2N1
Telephone: 905-813-4060
Fax: 905-813-4046
1. Lung Association of Canada
• www.lung.on.ca
2. Asthma Society of Canada
• www.asthma.ca
• www.asthmakids.ca
3. Canada Mortgage & Housing
• www.cmhc-schl.gc.ca
4. Anaphylaxis Canada
• www.anaphylaxis.org
• www.safe4kids.ca
5. Global Initiative for Asthma
• www.ginasthma.com
6. Creating Asthma Friendly Schools
• www.asthmainschools.com
7. The Roaring Adventures of Puff
• www.educationforasthma.com
What is Asthma?
Asthma is a chronic condition that affects your lungs. The most common symptoms of asthma are coughing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, difficulty breathing and wheezing. The coughing often occurs at night or early in the morning. Not everyone will get all symptoms and not every asthmatic will wheeze. You can develop asthma at any age.
Asthma is caused by inflammation (or swelling) which narrows the airways. The muscles that wrap around the airways constrict (or tighten). Your irritated airways also produce mucus. The airways are very sensitive and can react to triggers which provoke asthma symptoms. Each person with asthma has their own specific triggers. Allergens, irritants, viral infections, exercise or weather conditions are all possible triggers. It is very important to identify and attempt to eliminate or reduce exposure to triggers.
How is asthma diagnosed?
Your doctor will ask you about your symptoms and possible triggers. Usually breathing tests are used to determine an asthma diagnosis when age appropriate. These tests are known as pulmonary function tests or spirometry.
How do I know my asthma is well controlled?
Asthma symptoms often come and go. Learning about your asthma, avoiding your triggers and understanding the importance of your asthma medication is the best way to avoid your asthma from getting worse. All asthmatics should have a written individual Action Plan which explains how to manage your asthma.
To determine if your asthma is controlled ask yourself the following:
• Do I cough, wheeze or have a tight chest because of my asthma?
• Does coughing, wheezing or chest tightness wake me at night?
• Do I stop exercising because of my asthma?
• Do I miss work or school because of my asthma?
• Do I use my blue reliever inhaler 4 or more times a week?
If you answered YES to one or more of these questions, your asthma is not well controlled and you should see your doctor.
Pulmonary Function Tests
Pulmonary function tests or PFT's are a series of tests that measure your lung function. You will be asked to breathe in different ways while attached to a machine that will measure the air you breathe in and out. These tests are done in a lab, sometimes in the hospital and sometimes in a physician's office. The test is like a snapshot of what is going on inside your lungs. When we have all of the information we can tell how much air moves in and out of your lungs, if you have extra air in your lungs after you breathe out, and how well oxygen can get from the lungs into the blood stream.
Spirometry measures the amount (volume) and speed (flow) of air that can be inhaled and exhaled. Spirometry is an important tool which is quite useful in assessing conditions such as asthma.
How the Lungs Work
The lungs are a remarkable organ. Through the lungs we get our main source of energy – oxygen. At the same time, the waste product, carbon dioxide, is breathed out. The lungs also have defenses against the dirt and other things that are in the air we breathe.
In order to take a breath in we normally use our diaphragm. This is a large muscle that sits at the bottom of our lungs. When we take a breath in the diaphragm contracts and moves down. It pulls the lungs with it which opens them up and pulls air into them. When we breathe out the diaphragm relaxes and moves up. This pushes the air out of our lungs.
When the air comes into the lungs it moves through the nose and/or mouth, through the throat and into the windpipe or trachea. The trachea divides in two and sends a tube to each of our lungs; one goes to the right side and one to the left. These tubes continue to divide and get smaller as they move out into the lungs. At the end of the smallest air tubes are tiny air sacs. These look a little bit like tiny balloons and connect to the air tubes like clusters of grapes. The air sacs or alveoli are surrounded by blood vessels. The oxygen rich air inside of the air sac is transferred into the blood stream and carbon dioxide replaces it in the air sacs. When we breathe out the air has very little oxygen in it and lots of carbon dioxide.
One of the defenses against the impurities in the air we breathe is our mucous. This is a sticky substance that lines the larger air tubes. Particles stick to it as the air moves through. This keeps the unwanted particles in the air from getting into the air sacs. Underneath the mucous layer are small hair-like projections called cilia. It is the cilia's job to move the layer of mucous along and out of the lungs. The lungs are making mucous all of the time, and the cilia are moving it out of our lungs. Often we are not aware of this; we actually swallow the mucous without realizing it. When we have a cold or infection the lungs make more mucous and that is when we cough more out of our lungs.


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New Forest
The New Forest launched a cycle hire centre, forestleisurecycling.co.uk, in April, helping visitors explore 150 miles of car-free cycle tracks. Take the train to Ashurst New Forest or Brockenhurst stations, hop on one of the two circular open-top New Forest Tour bus routes (labelled Green and Red), which both leave hourly from around the park from 30 June-16 September (adults £10 per day, children £4, £25 group of five). Tickets are available on board (cash only), from Lyndhurst Visitor Information Centre (023 8028 2269) or at thenewforesttour.info. Hop off the Red Route at Burley where you can hire bikes from the new centre (£15 a day for adults, £6-7 for kids' bikes), and head out on one of nine themed routes from the centre, including an 11-mile ride to Liberty's Owl & Reptile Centre (libertyscentre.co.uk, adults £7.95. children £4.95, family £23.50), or two new challenging rides of 24 miles and 32 miles. Green and Red buses have space for up to four bikes.
• Call 01425 403584 or see thenewforest.co.uk for further information
North York Moors
Enjoy the North York Moors on horseback with a two-day guided circular ride from Boltby in the Hambleton Hills, one of many led and self-guided rides available from Ride Yorkshire (01439 798108, rideyorkshire.org). For £225 per person, riders get one night's bed and breakfast, two days' riding with horse and guide, luggage transfer and a packed lunch on the second day. A pre-booked bus leaves Thirsk (accessible by rail) between 12-1pm for Boltby on Mondays and booking is essential at least two hours ahead on 01423 526655.
Alternatively, the old coastal railway between Whitby and Scarborough – the Cindertrack – has 21 miles of coastal views and is great for family cycling or those with hill aversions. Catch a train to Whitby and take a short bike ride south to Hawsker on the Cindertrack for an overnight self-catering stay in a converted railway carriage with Trailways (01947 820207, trailways.info). Carriages sleep two to seven people (£130 per night low season, three nights minimum stay; one week £540 mid-season and £680 peak season). Bike hire is available from Trailways from £17 a day.
Explore Dartmoor on board a Haytor Hoppa bus. (route 271). Daytime circular tours of the eastern side of Dartmoor run on Saturdays only from April to October, while Hoppa Evening excursions run on one Saturday a month, and include a walk and a pub visit. Hoppa Evening Excursions cost £7.50 per adult (£6 in groups of four or more), £4 per child under 16, refreshments not included. Advance booking essential – call 01822 890 414 or visit a national park information centre.
In September there's a double-whammy of rural festivals – on the 5th, the annual Cheese and Onion Fayre takes place in Newton Abbot town centre (by rail from London and the North) showcasing local produce, crafts and birds of prey, while on 11th the Widecombe Fair (widecombefair.com) features bale tossing, lamb shearing and terrier racing events.
The Broads
The Broads are shallow waterways along the Norfolk and Suffolk coast, packed with wildlife, from otters to bitterns. Most of the 63 broads aren't navigable by motorised boats but are ideal for canoeing. Mark Wilkinson, aka The Canoe Man, (thecanoeman.com) offers guided and self-guided tours, and canoe hire, from March-October. For a round trip take the Bure Valley Steam Train (bvrw.co.uk) to meet a guide in Buxton, leaving 11.10am from Hoveton & Wroxham or 11.23am from Colitshall, hire canoes from Mark's nearby Mill Street shop and spend the afternoon paddling back down the River Bure to Wroxham . Alternatively, a free minibus takes canoes and people from Wroxham to Buxton (0845 4969177 or email firstname.lastname@example.com). Get two for one canoe hire from now until 15 July and 3 September - 31 December at visiteastofengland.com). Land lubbers can take the Wherry Line rail (wherrylines.org.uk) from Norwich to Great Yarmouth, for Berney Arms, Britain's most secluded railway station on the national rail network and the 21-metre Berney Arms Windmill, and walk the remaining four miles to Great Yarmouth (£6.40 single bought on the day).
• Further information: enjoythebroads.com and visitnorfolk.co.uk
South Downs
On the notoriously hilly South Downs, electric bikes were introduced in April to help those without Tour de France aspirations. E-bikes are available from the Alice Holt Forest Centre, Petersfield, Alton, and Easebourne for £15 per half day (click on the link below for exact locations). From the train station at Petersfield, walk to nearby Cyclelife to hire e-bikes (currently two available), or simply the regular muscle-powered variety, to explore the East Hampshire 22-mile circular cycle route, which starts and finishes in Petersfield (petersfieldcycles.com, download map here), with plenty of refreshment stops on the way (shortcuts available, ask Cyclife for details). Take in the winding roads and bridleways before a great view of Ashford Hangers after almost three miles, a designated national nature reserve where woods cling to the sides of the steep hills. After a climb – e-power may be useful here – stop for early refreshments at The White Horse, Priors Dean, recharge yourself and the e-bikes, before continuing on to Petersfield.
• For e-bike hire and charge points visit electricbicyclenetwork.com/hiring/south-downs
For car-free travel in the Cairngorms, take a train to Aviemore and board the Strathspey Steam Railway to Boat of Garten (strathspeyrailway.co.uk, adults from £11.50 return; trains depart Aviemore at 10.30am, 12.30pm and 2.45pm throughout July and August, and most of September/October). Rent a cabin in Boat of Garten Holiday Park (boatofgarten.com, a three bedroom cabin costs from £320 a week in September-October, £390 in July-August) or a tent pitch for two for £8-£12 per night. Take walking boots and binoculars and head out to Loch Garten and the RSPB Osprey Centre for one of eight guided tours until August (rspb.org.uk/events, adults £5, £2 with RSPB membership card, under 16s free) to discover the diverse wildlife of the reserve. Alternatively, hire bikes from Cairngorm Bike and Hire (cairngormbikeandhike.co.uk) next to the station for £16 per day for family rides around Loch Garten, or more challenging day-long rides north-west towards the Slochd hills or the Forest of Glenmore.
The Tyne Valley Line brings visitors by rail to the South side of Northumberland national park, the UK's least populated national park, with only 2,200 residents. Alight at Hexham for bus services to Bellingham, Thockrington and Warp among others (£1.50 a day in June and July when bought online; eight services per day, every 1-½ hours from 8.45am-6.15pm). In Bellingham hire bikes from The Bike Place for many sub-25 mile routes starting from the town (thebikeplace.co.uk, £15 kids a day, £20 adults and £25 e-bikes; book online for a 10% discount, e-bike advanced booking essential). The Buzzard Trail is the shortest route at 12 miles, but it passes a multitude of attractions along quiet country roads. Peek at Hesleyside Hall on the banks of the Tyne, and Dally Castle, a ruined Bastle, or fortified building, where Reivers (border raiders) were common between 13th-17th centuries. For a challenge, the The 23 mile Salmon route, starting and finishing at Bellingham, follows the migratory route of the salmon along the River North Tyne, and is suitable for mountain bikes or hybrids.
• Further information: northumberlandnationalpark.org.uk
The new Wales Coast Path was opened in May, offering visitors 860 miles of continuous Welsh coast footpaths, including the beaches, cliffs and nature reserves of the Pembrokeshire Coast. Linking up existing pathways, improving surfaces and access as well as opening up new sections, walescoastpath.gov.uk suggests long and short walks along each segment of the coast. Walk 12 miles along cliffs and beaches from Fishguard to Newport and use the Coast's award-winning network of vegetable oil-fuelled Puffin buses to come back. Buses serve the entire 186 miles of the Pembrokeshire coast, and walkers (with buggies and dogs) can hail a bus on any coastal road seven days a week from May to September and three days a week in winter. Six coastal bus services trace the coast, including the Poppit Rocket, travelling from Fishguard to Cardigan and back three times a day via Pwllgwaelod, Dinas Cross, Newport, Moylegrove, Poppit Sands, and St Dogmaels.
• An impressive journey planner gives details of bus routes throughout the region: traveline-cymru.info


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Am Worlds - Day One
A Windy Start to Worlds
The main theme on opening day of the 2011 Amateur and Junior World Championships in Rochester, NY was windy conditions. A constant shifting wind presented golfers with challenging drives and putts throughout the day at several of the courses. At Parma, golfers made the best of the swirling winds on the open fairways while trying to get back a few strokes on the wooded, less breezy holes.
Overall though, it was a great first day of competition with 17 players shooting 1000+ rated rounds. Leader the competition after the first day include...
Advanced: Billy Dunne at 10 under par
Advanced Masters: Rick Reichard at 7 under par
Advanced Women: Three-way tie between Melynda Apton, Michelle Frazer, and Ania Knapinska at 8 over par.
Advanced Masters Women: Dawn Osborn at 12 over par.
Advanced Grandmasters: Two-way tie between Carl Chiles and Mark Hauser at 1 under par.
Advanced Grandmasters Women: Patricia Neprud Mehls at 20 over par
Advanced Senior Grandmasters: Michael Whipple at 5 over par
Advanced Legends: Pete May at 9 over par
Junior Boys 19 and Under: Gary Harrison
Junior Boys 16 and Under: Justin Lammers
Junior Boys 13 and Under: Nicholas Duran
Junior Boys 10 and Under: Ian Krajan
Junior Girls 19 and Under: Breanna Vogel
Junior Girls 13 and Under: McKenzie Eckeberger
Junior Girls 10 and Under: Lacey Brugler
or more 2011 PDGA AM Worlds scores, blogs, stories, and photos, see:
Am Worlds photo galleries at Flickr
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Definition of latent
: present and capable of emerging or developing but not now visible, obvious, active, or symptomatic a latent infection
Examples of latent in a Sentence
On the ground in Afghanistan there is some latent, if wary, gratitude for American aid over the years, but no one expects to build a foundation for the Taliban's downfall on a couple of million rice cakes. —Michael Duffy, Time, 15 Oct. 2001
There were such inexhaustible possibilities still before her, such opportunities to bring out the latent graces of the old place, without a single irreverent touch of alteration, that the winter months were all too short to plan what spring and autumn executed. —Edith Wharton, Afterward, 1910
Calm, gentle, passionless, as he appeared, there was yet, we fear, a quiet depth of malice, hitherto latent, but active now, in this unfortunate old man, which led him to imagine a more intimate revenge than any mortal had ever wreaked upon an enemy. —Nathaniel Hawthorne, The Scarlet Letter, 1850
he has a latent talent for acting that he hasn't had a chance to express yet
Origin and Etymology of latent
Middle English, from Latin latent-, latens, from present participle of latēre to lie hidden; akin to Greek lanthanein to escape notice
First Known Use: 15th century
Synonym Discussion of latent
Other Psychology Terms
LATENT Defined for English Language Learners
Definition of latent for English Language Learners
—used to describe something (such as a disease) that exists but is not active or cannot be seen
LATENT Defined for Kids
Definition of latent for Students
: present but not visible or active a latent infection
Medical Dictionary
Medical Definition of latent
: existing in hidden or dormant form: asa: present or capable of living or developing in a host without producing visible symptoms of disease a latent virus a latent infectionb: not consciously expressed latent anxietyc: relating to or being the latent content of a dream or thought
Law Dictionary
Learn More about latent
See words that rhyme with latent Thesaurus: All synonyms and antonyms for latent Spanish Central: Translation of latent Nglish: Translation of latent for Spanish speakers Britannica English: Translation of latent for Arabic speakers
Seen and Heard
What made you want to look up latent? Please tell us where you read or heard it (including the quote, if possible).


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Self propelled lawn mower losing speed
Hi All
I have an Ariens 911 series walk behind mower, model SLM242SP that is about 16 years old. Just this year I am noticing the pick up speed when you engage the wheel drive is slower, especially up hill where I actually have to assist by pushing. There is no variance in the motor speed during this.
I'm guessing every mower is a little different but what would be something to look for with this particular brand?
Thanks for any help!
worn/loose belt ?
Well, after 16 years on the original belt that sounds like it could be the problem.
There is a belt around the shaft where the blade is attached. I assume that would be the one. I will have to see if I can figure out how to change it.
Can not see it from here, but some have two belts. One for the mower blades and another one up inside the chassis above the deck for the hydraulics.
Well, here is what we are looking at
The "B" wheel is always spinning, connected to the blade by a belt. When you engage the wheel drive, wheel "A" contacts wheel "B" to propel the mower. I notice what when there is resistance, such as going uphill, the "A" wheel slips.
So it looks like I need to replace that part. While I have it apart I assume I might as well replace the belt as well. It flops around a lot while the motor is running, seems like a lot of play.
Does it sound like I am on the right track? Never worked on a mower before but I'm pretty handy with most other DIY.
yep ...
Looks like a disc drive not belt drive, i'd replace the disc and the belt though.
That what I plan to do. Just waiting for the parts to arrive :)
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WESTCHESTER COUNTY, N.Y. -- A new Time magazine study of the richest zip codes has ranked Chappaqua's 10514 zip code the fifth-richest in the country.
Using five-year averages from the US Census Bureau, Time's study showed that 63.7-percent of Chappaqua make more than $150,000 per year.
The study was limited to zip codes that have at least 10,000 residents.
A pair of Connecticut towns also made Time's list.
The Weston, Conn., 06883 zip code ranked third in the nation with 67.3-percent of households making more than $150,000.
Also nearby, Darien's 06820 zip code was ranked eighth on the list with 59.7-percent of households make more than $150,000.
The richest zip code in the Time study was 07078 in Short Hills, N.J. with 69.4-percent of households making more than $150,000.


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Hello, new to forum
1 Attachment(s)
Hello everyone, this is my first post on this forum. Just bought my first Z3, it is a 1996 1.9. I bought for a daily driver back and forth to work. I was amazed at the gas mileage 34.5. I picked it up from a private owner in Oklahoma, this was a one owner car, with 138,000 miles on it. No dents a few small scratches, but that doesn't matter because I am going to paint it Yellow, I have always wanted a yellow roadster. I will post pictures of before and after pic's. Owner said he always ran 87 oct in her. So I thought I would put some 89 in her. Wow what a difference. I lost 8mpg with 89. Went back to 87 and mpg came back. The only think I found wrong with this car is:
It needs brake pad sensors
Has a rough idle when cold
I didn't think this was to bad for $6150.
Again I bought it for a daily driver, it is 68.1 miles to work one way each morning. So I was worried about it mileage. Oh yeah the speedometer is off about 3 mph when I am running 75 by the speedometer it is really running 72.
I will post pic's what she will look like when I get her painted, when I am able to post pic's. My painter has 1 car in front of me. Does anyone know what color yellow this is?
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text: I just had a new headliner installed in my 03 and it didn't come with the plastic push bolts that go in the rear part of the ceiling (I think there are 3 of them). Anyway I went to the caddy dealer and they said all they had are black bolts and they haven't seen any other color but black in years, which is simply retarded given that the headliner is grey. Anyway I'm wondering if anyone knows where I can get the grey colored bolts at, I don't know if any aftermarket companies carry them and somehow I doubt I'll find a lot of Escalades at the junk yard that I can pick through lol. The parts guy suggested getting them painted to match but that sounds like a ridiculous waste of money just to cover a few small holes in the headliner.


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Race car
enthusiast: The Hudson Speedway course between Owen Brown Street and West Prospect Street is available for all vehicle drivers' time trials.
Most of the qualifiers speed along at 35 to 50 mph. An observation by this writer estimates that 35 to 40 percent of the vehicles fall into this category.
The course is only .30 miles in length, so milliseconds can separate the qualifiers from non-qualifiers.
So, rev-up your engines and join in the fun. The posted speed limit is 25 mph. Don't let that stop you from turning in a qualifying time over 35 mph.
Steve Gaspar, Hudson


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JUPITER, Fla. – David Freese has returned to earth after his heavenly 2011 postseason and otherworldly aftermath: the appearances on "The Tonight Show" and "Ellen," presenting a Country Music Award with Erin Andrews, having a Six Flags ride named after him, being handed the keys to the city of St. Louis.
At ground level is the down-and-dirty fact that he has never played a full major-league season, that not since 2008 in the minors has he been free from injury for a sustained period.
Freese was MVP of the 2011 World Series and the National League Championship Series, and he revels in it still. Why shouldn't he? Every player dreams of leading his team to a title and performing heroically on the biggest stage. Yet he also knows he has a lot to prove. He's done what nobody else has, but every regular on every team has done something he hasn't.
Yes, David Freese has returned to earth, even if he's spending spring in a town named after a planet 390,682,810 miles away. That Corvette he got for being World Series MVP? His dad is driving it around suburban St. Louis.
"I know who I am and what I'm capable of," he said. "I understand what happened in October – you get hot and your expectations might rise – but what the Cardinals expect out of me is to go out there and be me."
A hometown St. Louis kid, he was a late bloomer who nearly quit baseball before his pro career started. Then he had two DUI arrests before 2010. And he's been injured three years in a row.
Those thoughts occupy his few idle moments. They drive him. Freese arrives at the Cardinals' spring-training facility shortly after dawn each day and hits the weight room. He works on his range at third base with infield coach Jose Oquendo. Batting practice is next. Then a ballgame.
Repeat the next day and the next.
"I understand there are ups and downs in life and baseball is not always going to be there," he said. "But the people you surround yourself with – your family and friends – that's what really helps you stay grounded. I'm trying to keep it simple and go out there and do a job. Baseball is my job."
Reporting to work every day for a full season is priority one. Freese will be 29 by the end of April, yet his career stats add up to one full season. In 604 at-bats spread over the past three years, he has 15 home runs, 30 doubles, 98 runs batted in, a .298 batting average and .763 OPS.
Stuffing those same numbers into 2012 is the idea. Ankle injuries in 2009 and 2010 curtailed his progress, and a broken hand confined him to 99 games last season. Then came the stunning postseason.
[ Related: Can Cards overcome losses of Pujols and La Russa? ]
The Cardinals upset the Philadelphia Phillies, beat the Milwaukee Brewers and knocked off the Texas Rangers in a seven-game World Series made epic in large part because of Freese. Who can forget, with the Cardinals facing elimination, his game-tying triple with two out and two strikes in the bottom of the ninth of Game 6. And his winning home run two innings later?
His postseason was as bursting as his regular seasons had been barren: In 18 games, he batted .397 with a .454 on-base percentage and .794 slugging percentage. He hit five home runs, eight doubles and drove in 21 runs.
"That's career production in the playoffs for a lot of guys," said teammate and close friend Matt Holliday. "It was unbelievable to watch that unfold."
Examine Freese's face during his World Series at-bats. It exuded absolute confidence. It was as if he channeled Albert Pujols, Stan Musial and Rogers Hornsby, the greatest Cardinals hitters ever.
Can a measure of that self-assurance spill over into 2012?
"That's what you strive for, to have that focus and have that drive day in and day out," Freese said. "I know we are all human and there are different levels of it over the course of six months, but you look at guys like Albert and other elite players. What separates them is their focus, at-bat after at-bat, pitch after pitch."
If the Cardinals hadn't made the postseason – if the Atlanta Braves hadn't collapsed down the stretch, handing the wild-card berth to St. Louis – Freese's spring would be vastly different. He might be fighting for a job instead of fighting off unending requests for appearances.
Upstart third baseman Matt Carpenter is having a sensational spring, but there is zero talk of him unseating Freese. Instead, Carpenter might get some playing time at first base. Freese is an average third baseman whose ankle problems sometimes made him a defensive liability.
"There's still work to do there," Oquendo said. "Getting a jump on balls side to side. The more he plays, the better his legs will feel. We still have to be careful because he has major ankle issues. We have to make sure he is 100 percent."
It'd be unfair to expect Freese to be a major cog in the Cardinals' offense. Holliday, Lance Berkman and newcomer Carlos Beltran have played in a combined 4,700 big-league games. Freese still hasn't even hit arbitration and will be paid $508,000 this season. Holliday, Berkman and Beltran have made close to $300 million.
Yet Freese's delicious postseason created outsized expectations. It's like he was served dessert before the meal. Now the glamour is gone and it's time to grind.
"Being available for every game is a big goal of mine," he said. "There are going to be times during the season when you won't be available, but I take pride in being an everyday guy."
David Freese became an overnight star. And, yeah, he's currently in Jupiter. But he's found his way back to earth. And the well-grounded folks in St. Louis will come to appreciate it.
More sports news from the Yahoo! Sports Minute:
Other popular content on the Yahoo! network:
• Tim Brown: Hefty price for L.A. Dodgers may impact Magic Johnson, new owners
• NFL star Ray Lewis gives passionate pregame speech to Stanford
• Y! News: Nike sues Reebok over Tim Tebow apparel | Most marketable?


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Rangrasiya and Beintehaa have led the Colors TRP ratings to a sudden raise.
After the shows have been introduced, within few weeks there were plenty of tweets on twitter regarding the shows.
Both the shows have got unexpected reactions from the fans and were successful in progressing Colors TRP ratings.
Beintehaa is a serial drama. The story of the serial revolves around love being overtaken by hatred and thus making the lead actor and actress unite.
Whereas, Rangrasiya's story revolves around Sanya Irani and Ashish Sharma who will soon be falling in love.
The story continues with the twists of unleashing nationalism and patriotism.
Thanks to Beintehaa and Rangrasiya to help Colors in gaining more fans.


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When someone mentions DJ software, I'm willing to bet the first thing on your mind won't be "DJUCED 40". Like other laptop DJ apps that aren't top of mind, it's easy to dismiss them - after all, what can they possibly do that isn't already covered by the big names? In the case of DJUCED 40, there are quite a bit. Let's dive in...
Review & Video: DJUCED 40 DJ Software
[NAMM 2016] Hercules Launches DJUCED 40 3.0
Hercules just launched the latest version of its DJUCED 40 software here at NAMM 2016. Now at version 3.0, the update brings a new interface and features aimed squarely at controllerists and DJs who like to incorporate live sample and loop playback to their performances.
[NAMM 2016] Hercules P32 DJ Controller & DJUCED 40 3.0 Software
With DJ software makers persistently trying to move DJs away from the "play one tune then another" paradigm into a different type of creativity, Hercules has jumped into the fray with the Hercules DJ P32, a new pad-based DJ controller, just launched here at NAMM 2016.
Review & Video: Hercules DJ Control Instinct With DJUCED Software
Back in 2004, I was asked to review the very first Hercules DJ controller – one of the first DJ controllers ever made – which was a tiny device not dissimilar in looks to the Hercules DJ Control Instinct, reviewed here. How does the Hercules DJ Control Instinct shape up in today's very different world?
Hercules Announces Bargain Basement DJControl Instinct
Hercules today announced the second controller to use the company's own DJUCED software, the DJControl Instinct, which at €99 is priced extremely low for a controller with software and a built-in sound card.
Review: Hercules DJ Control AIR DJ Controller
My, how things have moved on. Sat on our workbench is the Hercules Dj Control AIR, a DJ controller with built-in audio, touch-sensitive jogwheels, eight velocity-sensitive performance pads, integrated software that includes sampling, effects, looping and recording, on-board library management, and an "air" sensor for altering the mix using your hand through the air.


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Have women finally gained an advantage over men in the workplace? In The End of Men, Hannah Rosin contends that female dominance in college classrooms foreshadows a more prominently female job market.
However, Prof. Caryl Rivers and Rosalind Barnett argue that the greater numbers of women won't make much of a difference unless they attain leadership positions in the job market.
In an essay published in the Los Angeles Times (Oct. 7, 2012), Rivers and Barnett argue that while women have made gains in the workplace, that growth is slowing.
From their essay:
"With end-of-men scare stories, the media routinely exaggerate women's success and present the worst possible scenarios for men. The implicit message for women is "step back, you've gone too far. You're hurting men." But women still have miles to go to achieve gender equality. And we know from prior research that when men feel threatened, they tend to energetically protect their status. If men believe that women are passing them by, they may be less likely to hire women, mentor them or value them as colleagues."
Read the rest of Working in America: The myth of men in decline.
Related Links
Cognoscenti, 'Female Hormones: A Dangerous Myth Persists'.
Cognoscenti, 'Beneath The Bondage, Harmful Effects'.


text:
Singapore tells airlines to review conflict zone risk assessment
By Anshuman Daga and Siva Govindasamy
SINGAPORE/KUALA LUMPUR, July 23 (Reuters) - Singapore's civil aviation authority has asked airlines based in the city-state to review their risk assessment of conflict zones following the shooting down of a Malaysia Airlines jetliner over Ukraine last week.
The deaths of nearly 300 passengers and crew in the downing of Flight MH17 have shocked the aviation industry and prompted calls for a re-think on assessing the threat to planes flying thousands of metres above fighting on the ground.
Before the shooting down of the jet, which Western governments have blamed on Russian-backed separatists, the flight path it was following across eastern Ukraine was heavily used by airlines plying busy routes between Europe and Asia.
Singapore Airlines Ltd (SIA) was one of the heaviest users of the route in the week before the crash, along with other international carriers such as Lufthansa, Thai Airways, Qatar Airways and KLM.
"We note that following the MH17 incident, SIA had immediately re-routed their flights to avoid Ukrainian airspace," said the Civil Aviation Authority of Singapore (CAAS) in an emailed response to questions from Reuters.
"CAAS has also since asked Singapore carriers to review their risk assessment on conflict areas."


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By far and away one of the better Cadillac dealerships in Southern California. The staff, all the way from Sales to Service, are some of the most courteous people you will meet. This is a dealership that still respects the customer. Nothing but utter praise for this group!
Cadillac of Whittier
15311 E. Whittier Blvd.
Whittier, CA 90603
Phone: (562) 947-3711
One of the best Service Techs you'll ever meet is Steve Whittle. Ask for him and you will not be disappointed. He takes such good care of you that I always tip him. Exemplary service.


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I've never been a fan of horror-movie series where no matter what happens to the baddie, such as Jason Voorhees from the Friday the 13th movies, he's up and ready to kill again in the next sequel. So, you can imagine just how pleased I am to see that SCO, just when it looked like it was dead as a doornail, came up with a buyer at the 11th hour and 59th minute.
According to reports on Groklaw, Gulf Capital Partners LLC, a group formed by Stephen Norris of Stephen Norris & Co. Capital Partners, a private-equity firm, has offered to buy SCO, just as the company faced the end of the bankruptcy road. If the deal is real and goes through, SCO's nearly dead Unix business will continue, and, oh the pain of it all, so will its zombie-like lawsuits against IBM, Novell, and other Linux companies.
Will this idiocy never end!?
This isn't the first time that Norris has tried to ride in to save SCO's bacon. Last February, Norris came up with a deal that would give SCO $5 million, and a credit line of up to $95 million, on the understanding that the money would be spent trying to kick IBM and Novell's rump in court. Never mind that SCO has never come close to proving any of its claims about Unix IP (intellectual property) in Linux in court. Norris, or more properly his backers who had ties to Microsoft, wanted to fund SCO's anti-Linux lawsuits.
That attempt by Norris to save SCO's lawsuits fell apart. Now, he's trying to do it again.
We don't know who's behind this latest SCO buyout craziness, but it seems a safe bet that at the bottom of it all we'll find friends of Microsoft. There's simply no sane business reason to keep SCO's anti-Linux litigation in play except to spread a little anti-Linux FUD, and Microsoft is the only company that has any real interest in seeing that happen.
Like it or not, it looks like we're in for yet another chapter in SCO's unending courtroom horror show.


text:
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Disclaimer: This post may contain a link to an affiliate. See my disclosure policy for more information.4:52 am


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SailNet Community (http://www.sailnet.com/forums/)
- Gear and Maintenance Articles (http://www.sailnet.com/forums/gear-maintenance-articles/)
- - Drilling and Filling Holes in Your Boat (http://www.sailnet.com/forums/gear-maintenance-articles/19760-drilling-filling-holes-your-boat.html)
Drilling and Filling Holes in Your Boat

When drilling large holes, measure twice and drill once.

Your heart races and your hands tremble. Beads of sweat form at your hairline then trickle their salty droplets onto, of all things, the electric drill that lies quietly on the deck by your feet.

Lets do it! You tell yourself, trying to sound a little like your old high school football coach. Go for it, meathead; its only a small hole! Your coach would bellow. Yeah, but its not your boat, Coach, you yell back.

The heck with it! Ill just call the boatyard next week while Im at work and have them send someone over. That way I wont even have to watch.

If the idea of drilling holes in your boat scares the living hell out of you, dont worryyoure not alone. Hole Phobia is a normal affliction experienced by even seasoned sailors who think theyre about to ruin their boat by drilling in the wrong place or by using improper technique resulting in expensive, and possibly irreversible, damage.

We used to feel this same anxiety ourselves. But now, were 12 months into our refit of Serengeti, our 1978 Formosa Peterson 46, and Sue and I have drilled and filled enough holes to last a lifetime. Today, we dont hesitate when its necessary to drill large holes for mounting the foot switches of a new electric windlass. The filling and fairing of four-inch diameter holes through the deck where chimneys used to reside doesnt phase us a bit. With the removal of teak decks, and the replacement of most hardware, handrails, and stanchions almost complete, we estimate our combined total for both drilling and filling of holes is well over 3,000!

Assemble the fasteners, hardware, fairing blocks, and back-up plates before picking up the drill.

Its not that we no longer make an occasional mistakewe do. In fact, just earlier this week, I drilled eight erroneous holes in a newly painted fiberglass hatch frame before I realized my wrongdoing. The hatch wasnt aligned correctly,and in my rush to complete the job,I drilled in haste. A couple of years ago this would have been devastating to me, but not anymore. Weve learned that any hole drilled can also be filled without weakening the integrity of the boat.Within 30 minutes, my erroneous holes were repaired with epoxy, and I was able to drill again and correctly mount the hatch. This time,I proceeded more carefully and first made sure that the hatch was aligned properly. Yes, the old carpenters adage of measure twice, cut once is certainly also applicable when it comes to drilling holes in your boat.

To help you win that battle of nerves with your drill, well share some of the tips, tricks, and techniques that weve discovered.

Fiberglass Drilling into fiberglass is pretty easy. Its a relatively soft material and cuts cleanly and evenly. For holes up to a half-inch in diameter, you can effectively use a traditional drill bit. If your hole needs to be larger than a half inch, such as those needed for installing foot switches for an electric windlass, or for adding a water tank fill, you should consider using either a hole saw or a paddle bit. Because of the way they cut, traditional twist drill bits of very large sizes can damage surrounding fiberglass and should not be used.

Before you start drilling, determine whats on the other side. Is there any wiring, a bulkhead, or anything else you need to be careful not to drill into? If your hardware will be under load when sailing, make sure that theres space below for a backing plate and access for tightening the nuts on the thru-bolts.

When drilling into the deck, all holes should be perpendicular to the surface. Nothings more frustrating than going down below to slip on that backing plate and tighten the nuts only to find that you drilled the holes crooked, and now the backing plate holes dont line up with the mounting bolts anymore. A straight hole will also ensure that the fastener head seats neatly into the hardware, resulting in a professional look. To help you drill these holes straight, you might want to add a valuable tool to your kita portable alignment tool that works like a miniature drill press attaches to your existing drill and keeps your bit at the proper angle. Without it we never could have drilled the 68 6.5-inch-long holes through our bulwark for the two new 10-foot genoa tracks without this tool.

Attaching an alignment tool to your drill provides true, straight holes with a professional look.

When mounting no-load deck hardware like a through deck fitting that you screw into the deck to accept wiring,its necessary to take an additional step in your preparations. After drilling the appropriately sized hole for your fastener, take a slightly larger bit, and lightly drill out the top of the hole at the gelcoat. This will allow the screw to bed securely without the gelcoat immediately around the hole cracking and popping up when the screw is tightened.

If you want to move deck hardware from one location to another, or if youve drilled in error like I did, dont worry. Filling small screw or boltholes in fiberglass is quick and easy. Your repair will be water tight and actually stronger than your boat originally was. To begin, the tops of these holes should be beveled slightly to best receive and hold the filling material. (A Dremel tool works well here.) Mix epoxy resin with a colloidal silica thickener, like Cabosil, to achieve a mayonnaise consistency. Force the thickened resin into the hole with a plastic spreader. If the hole is really small, the epoxy can be injected with a plastic syringe made for this purpose. As the epoxy may shrink a little after it has cured, youll need to come back a second time with more epoxy putty. This time thicken with an easy-to-sand filler such as micro-balloons. The area can now be sanded smooth and touched-up when the time comes for prettying up your boat.

Filling larger holes in a fiberglass deck needs a little more work than just epoxy. Youll also need to replace the fiberglass and some of the coring material that may be missing. Once again, you start by aggressively beveling the edges of the outer skin. Cut circles of fiberglass matt of incrementally smaller sizes from just inside the perimeter of the bevel down to the exact size of the hole itself. The fiberglass matt will go on top of a replacement core, sized slightly smaller than the hole and already held in place by thickened epoxy, completely sealing the inner skin. Next, add the epoxy and fiberglass. Begin by wetting out (soaking with epoxy) the largest circle of matt in place over the hole, and repeat with progressively smaller circles of matt until its level with the surface. Finish by sanding lightly and covering with the same easy-to-sand epoxy putty mixture used above. Again, youre ready to paint. Epoxy is not UV stable and must be coated.

An excellent reference for fiberglass repairs is Fiberglass Boat Repair & Maintenance by Gougeon Brothers Inc, makers of West System epoxy.

Filling, fairing, and sanding large holes is messy but not hard.

Aluminum and Stainless Steel When drilling into an aluminum mast or through stainless steel stanchions or rails, having the right tools can greatly speed up the process and result in a better overall job. For drilling metals use only cobalt drill bits. Being much harder than other bits, cobalt ones speed up the process of drilling aluminum, and are an absolute necessity for drilling through stainless steel. Sue and I keep both a set of steel bits and a set of cobalt drill bits on board.

Hardware on an aluminum mast or boom is usually fastened by pop rivets or by tapping the holes to receive machine screws. In either case, its important to ensure that the hole is drilled straight and that any dissimilar metals,like stainless steel screws in aluminum, are isolated from each other to help prevent electrolysis. Drilling straight into a curved extrusion is sometimes difficult. Have a partner stand back and advise you whether you need to raise, lower, or move your drill from side to side to obtain a straight hole. To isolate dissimilar metals, apply Tef-gel or a marine sealant to the fastener before insertion into the mast.

After painting, the results are spectacular.

If you drill in the wrong spot, or remove old hardware and are left with holes in the mast, your options are somewhat limited. Its best not to weld the holes closed, since welding weakens the spar. To fill the hole, tap it and insert a screw, or pop rivet it closed.

Drilling into stainless steel presents a real challenge. Use a sharp cobalt drill bit, and drill at a slow speed while applying heavy pressure on the drill. If you run the drill fast, the tip of the bit will heat up and render its cutting properties useless. You can also apply oil or cutting fluids to the bit to reduce friction and heat buildup.

If youre drilling railings or stanchions, indent your starting spot for the bit with a sharp blow to a nail set. This dimple will keep the bit from wandering along and scarring the side of the round tubing. Drilling all the way through the tubing and exiting the other side at 180 degrees from your starting point can be difficult. Its very easy to ruin the installation by letting your bit angle vary greatly as you drill through the backside of the tubing. Fortunately, the same alignment tool we mentioned earlier allows us to drill straight into metal tubing. It really makes the job easier!

Teak is very easy to work.

Exterior Teak Trim Teak is very soft and easy to drill and repair. If youre moving hardware from one place to another on teak surfaces, theres no need to leave ugly holes in the wood that will eventually turn black and begin the rotting process. Teak bungs or plugs are available in sizes from 1/4-inch to one-inch and even larger. These bungs are easy to install and with little effort can be finished to a beautiful surface.

To fill a hole, drill out the opening to the size of the bung youve selected. The depth of the hole should be about 3/4 the depth of your bung. Dip the bottom of the bung in epoxy, wood glue, or varnish before seating it by gently tapping with a rubber hammer. Remember to align the grain of wood in the bung to that of your repair area.

A little sandpaper, a few coats of varnish, and a first-rate result.

Once the adhesive has dried, its time to remove the top of the bung. The safest way to achieve a smooth surface is to sand it with a sander. Another method of leveling the bung is to whack off the top with a hammer and chisel. When using this technique, we found that sometimes part of the bung below the surface chips away too, leaving a small indentation.

Once the bung is level, youre ready to varnish, oil, or leave natural as you wish. Your repair will be watertight and youll be amazed at how good it looks.

Bedding Deck Hardware Any time you drill a hole for mounting new hardware, you are going to need to seal that hole with more than just the screw or bolt you attach it with. Water has a wonderful knack of finding its way into the smallest imaginable openings on boats. Doing the job right the first time may save you many frustrating years down the line seeking out the source of annoying little leaks. It will also ensure that you preserve the integrity of your deck, especially if its cored.

With my past experience as a general contractor building custom homes and using a variety of sealants, I used to think that the special marine caulking and sealants were just overpriced hype. Ive discovered now that I was wrong. Dont be tempted to use the local hardware store varieties that say for indoor/outdoor use. The marine environment is very different, and your boat is a moving, flexible platform that requires a sealant designed for this very task.

In the marine line of sealants, there are several different choices. Silicone and polysulfide sealants can often be used for many of the same applications, except for underwater situations, in which case the polysulfide is preferred. Since polysulfide provides much greater adhesion, lasts four times longer, is sandable, paintable, and can be used above and below the waterline,it is our choice for most applications. Polysulfide products,such as 3M 101 are very good. They provide an excellent seal that remains flexible for 20 years or more.

Polyurethane adhesive/sealants, like 3Ms 5200, are very popular but often misused and even overused by many boaters. These products provide incredible adhesive strength as well as watertightness, but are not necessary unless you require the extra bonding strength such as in hull-to-deck joints or if laying in a keel. Youll see firsthand this great adhesion if you ever need to remove a piece of deck hardware that was bedded with this type of sealant. If often rips the gelcoat right off!

Once youve overcome that very normal fear of drilling holes in your boat, a whole new range of projects will open up to you. Start small and your confidence level will grow with every hole drilled and each one filled. Dont let the worry of making a mistake stop you from trying. Repair skills are not difficult to master and are a valuable asset for any sailor to acquire. Soon, youll have the capability to do many of those custom jobs you thought only possible at an expensive boatyard and youll be pleading, Put me back in, Coach. Im ready to drill!

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