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What Vitamins Should I Be Taking, Doctor?
Walter C. Willett, M.D., Dr.P.H., and Meir J. Stampfer, M.D., Dr.P.H.
This Journal feature begins with a case vignette highlighting a common clinical problem. Evidence supporting various strategies is then presented, followed by a review of formal guidelines, when they exist. The article ends with the authors' clinical recommendations.
A healthy 54-year-old, nonsmoking, omnivorous woman presenting for a routine examination asks about vitamin supplements. She expresses confusion about conflicting reports and recommendations. She currently uses no supplements.
The Clinical Problem
Medical teaching has been that, in generally healthy persons, nutritional needs can be readily met by diet alone. However, recent evidence shows that the use of folic acid supplements in early pregnancy can dramatically reduce the incidence of neural-tube defects; thus, at least in some circumstances, vitamin intake can be suboptimal without there being any clinical evidence of deficiency. Public interest in vitamin supplements is enormous, with 30 percent of the population of the United States currently using such supplements. Political pressures have led to a highly unregulated industry with limited control by the Food and Drug Administration over marketing and quality.
Strategies and Evidence
Ideally, vitamin supplements would be evaluated in randomized prevention trials with measurable clinical end points. However, such trials are complicated, and the results could be misleading. First, everyone has some level of consumption of vitamins, so the effect of a supplement depends on the amount of a given vitamin that is already being consumed. Because trial participants often have good diets, the results of a study finding no effect of a vitamin supplement might not apply to those with poorer diets. Moreover, a trial may be too short for an effect to be detected, particularly in the case of the incidence of cancer. In addition, to enhance their statistical power, many studies focus on persons at high risk for a disease or those with existing disease. If diet is not responsible for the elevated risk, such a focus could obscure a benefit that might be observable in a population with average risk. In general, clearly positive results would be compelling, but negative results would be difficult to interpret.
One approach is to discourage the use of vitamin supplements unless benefits are proved in randomized trials with measurable clinical outcomes. An alternative is to use all the available evidence to weigh the likelihood of a benefit against the likelihood of harm, while also considering the costs. Evidence should include the results of animal studies, randomized trials examining intermediate biologic markers, and observational epidemiologic studies with clinical end points. For example, a low intake of several micronutrients may cause DNA damage, although the clinical effect of this damage is not known. Epidemiologic studies demonstrating a relation between low intake of a nutrient and the risk of disease suggest that at least part of the population has suboptimal intake.
Because foods contain many nutrients, distinguishing among the effects of various nutrients in the same foods can be difficult. For example, the observation that high-dose beta carotene supplementation in smokers did not reduce the risk of lung cancer and may even have increased risk highlights the potential dangers of extrapolating from epidemiologic studies of food consumption (the consumption of fruits and vegetables, in this case) to concentrated forms of a single chemical. Epidemiologic studies of vitamin-supplement use per se are more directly relevant, but careful statistical adjustment for other lifestyle factors is essential because users of supplements may have healthier behavior in general than nonusers. We briefly review the potential effects of commonly used vitamins, recognizing that the relevant literature is far greater than what can be cited here.
Folic Acid
Several epidemiologic studies have found that periconceptional folic acid supplementation is associated with a substantially reduced risk of neural-tube defects (Figure 1). In a randomized trial, a high-dose folic acid supplement reduced the incidence of recurrent neural-tube defects by 70 percent. A randomized trial of a multivitamin that included folic acid (800 µg daily) in pregnant women without a history of an affected pregnancy was stopped early because of a clear benefit. This is the only definitively proven benefit of a multivitamin.
Figure 1. The Effect of Periconceptional Folic Acid Supplementation on the Incidence of Neural-Tube Defects.
Data are from studies by the Medical Research Council (MRC) Vitamin Study Research Group and Czeizel and Dudás.
Although this relation has not been tested in randomized trials, substantial evidence suggests that low folic acid intake increases the risk of cardiovascular disease and several types of cancer. In many studies, high blood homocysteine levels have been associated with higher risks of coronary disease. Inadequate intake of folic acid and, to a lesser extent, of vitamin B6 and vitamin B12 increases homocysteine levels. Higher folic acid intake, the use of multivitamin supplements, and higher blood folate levels are all associated with a lower risk of coronary disease.
Higher intake of folic acid is associated with a lower risk of colon cancer and breast cancer, particularly among persons who are at increased risk because of daily alcohol consumption. Also, a polymorphism in the gene for methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (which is involved in folate metabolism) has been associated with an increased risk of colon cancer in some studies, providing additional evidence that the relation between low folic acid intake and an increased risk of colon cancer is causal. Alcohol interferes with folate absorption and metabolism, perhaps accounting for increased folate requirements among drinkers. When folate levels are low, uracil is inappropriately incorporated into DNA, and folic acid supplementation reverses this process.
The optimal folic acid intake remains uncertain. An intake of 400 µg per day minimizes blood homocysteine levels in most people, but more may be needed to reduce the risk of cancer. Although an intake of 400 µg of folate per day may be achieved by eating natural foods, the average American intake from these sources is about 200 µg per day. Since 1998, the food-fortification program in the United States has been adding about 100 µg per day. Thus, most people in this country still consume less than 400 µg per day, and users of multivitamins still have lower homocysteine levels than nonusers.
Vitamin B6
Vitamin B6 intake below the U.S. recommended daily allowance (RDA) of 2 mg is associated with an increased risk of coronary disease, but it is unclear whether this association is independent of folic acid intake. Meat and legumes are the major food sources of vitamin B6; persons who reduce their consumption of red meat without increasing their consumption of legumes may have low vitamin B6 intake.
Vitamin B12
Low blood levels of vitamin B12 (serum cobalamin level, <258 pmol per liter), caused primarily by reduced absorption in elderly persons with low gastric acidity, are also associated with higher blood homocysteine levels. Twelve percent of elderly persons may have inadequate vitamin B12 stores. The consequences of marginal vitamin B12 status remain unclear, but they may include increased risks of vascular disease and cancer. Crystalline vitamin B12, the form that is used in supplements, does not require gastric acid for absorption, so a multivitamin can ensure that intake is adequate for most people.
Vitamin D
Sun exposure alone can provide adequate vitamin D, but in the northern United States, ultraviolet radiation during the winter is insufficient to minimize the risk of osteoporosis and fractures. Among patients admitted to a Boston hospital, 57 percent were deficient in vitamin D. Few foods naturally contain vitamin D, and fortified milk is the primary dietary source. In a Finnish trial, an annual injection of vitamin D reduced the risk of fracture by 25 percent, but no significant benefit was seen in a Dutch study. The effect of supplementation depends on the amount of sun exposure a person receives and his or her dietary intake. However, reasonable evidence suggests that many Americans would benefit from supplemental vitamin D to reach the RDA of 400 IU, and double this amount may be desirable for some persons. A vitamin D intake of up to 2000 IU per day is believed to be safe.
Vitamin A
Because vitamin A helps regulate cell differentiation, higher intakes could potentially reduce the risk of cancer. However, blood levels are tightly controlled, and greater intake in well-nourished persons has only a minimal effect on these levels. Both intake and blood levels of vitamin A have generally been shown to be unrelated to the risk of cancer. Supplemental beta carotene, a vitamin A precursor, has consistently failed to reduce the risk of cancer in randomized trials.
Intake of up to twice the RDA of vitamin A of 5000 IU is thought to be safe. However, an intake of preformed vitamin A (retinol) in the range of 10,000 IU per day or higher — which might be attainable from foods rich in vitamin A (especially liver, fortified breakfast cereals, and dairy products) in combination with a multivitamin containing the RDA of retinol — might be undesirable. Intakes of preformed vitamin A in this range have been associated with an increased risk of hip fracture, and daily intakes of approximately 10,000 IU during pregnancy have been associated with specific birth defects, but confirmation of these associations is needed.
Multivitamin Preparations
The most common supplements are multivitamins that typically include the RDA of thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, folic acid, and vitamins A, C, B6, B12, D, K, and E (Table 1). Few studies have evaluated the effects of multivitamins per se rather than specific components of them. In prospective studies, the daily use of a multivitamin has been associated with a lower risk of coronary disease, colon cancer, and breast cancer, particularly among regular consumers of alcohol. In a randomized trial involving elderly persons, a multivitamin–multimineral combination reduced the number of days of illness due to infections by half. A similar supplement reduced the incidence of stroke, primarily among men, in a nutritionally deficient population in China. These results must be replicated in other settings.
Table 1. Nutrient Content of a Multivitamin Supplement Supplying the Recommended Daily Allowance of Its Components.
Vitamin E Supplements
Vitamin E supplements, most of which contain 200 to 800 IU, lead to intakes far greater than the RDA of 30 IU and well beyond those attainable by diet. High doses of vitamin E block the oxidative modification of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and have additional effects that might reduce the risk of coronary disease. However, the value of vitamin E for the prevention of cardiovascular disease is controversial. In prospective, observational studies involving persons without known cardiovascular disease, the use of vitamin E supplements for two or more years — most commonly at a dose of 400 IU per day — has been associated with a 20 to 40 percent reduction in the risk of coronary disease. The one negative prospective study included few users of the supplements, and information on the duration of use was not collected.
The published randomized trials, in contrast to these observational studies, have focused primarily on persons with existing coronary disease, and their results are inconsistent. Although the incidence of recurrent infarction was reduced by half in one study, supplementation with vitamin E (400 IU daily) had no effect on cardiovascular events in the substantially larger Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation trial. The Gruppo Italiano per lo Studio della Sopravvivenza nell'Infarto Miocardico found no significant differences in the overall cardiovascular end points, but there was a significant reduction in the rate of death due to cardiac causes. One recent trial showed a significant halving of the rate of cardiovascular outcomes among patients on dialysis, and another demonstrated a large reduction in the rate of progression of intima–media thickness among men (but not women) randomly assigned to receive a combination of vitamin E and vitamin C. No effect of vitamin E was seen among high-risk patients in a recent trial, but the intervention ended at 3.6 years.
Thus, the weight of evidence is against an important short-term benefit of vitamin E supplements among patients with existing cardiovascular disease who are being treated with multiple pharmacologic agents. The long-term benefits of vitamin E supplementation for primary prevention remain unclear.
It has also been hypothesized that vitamin E supplements reduce the risk of cancer. No benefit has been found in terms of the risk of breast cancer, and data on the risk of colon cancer are mixed. The randomized Alpha-Tocopherol Beta Carotene Cancer Prevention Study found an unexpected, significant reduction in the incidence of prostate cancer but not in the incidence of other types of cancer. Because many cancer sites were examined, this may represent a chance finding. Sparse evidence suggests that vitamin E may slow the progression of Alzheimer's disease.
Vitamin E intake of up to at least 1000 IU per day is generally considered safe. A nonsignificant increase in the incidence of hemorrhagic stroke was seen in the Alpha-Tocopherol Beta Carotene trial, which included only men who smoked, but such an increase was not observed in a cohort composed primarily of nonsmokers. Vitamin E supplementation may accelerate the progression of disease in patients with retinitis pigmentosa.
Vitamin C Supplements
Little evidence supports the existence of a benefit of vitamin C supplementation beyond the range of the typical diet in the United States or the current RDA of 90 mg for men and 75 mg for women (35 mg higher for smokers), and minimal effects might be expected from supplementation because tissues become saturated at about these levels of intake. Vitamin C supplements have been associated with a lower risk of coronary disease in one cohort study, but the analysis did not control for the use of vitamin E supplements.
Many studies have found an association between a low dietary intake of vitamin C and an increased risk of stomach cancer, but the effects of vitamin C supplements have not been specifically evaluated. Even long-term supplementation with vitamin C was not associated with a lower risk of breast cancer. Fewer data are available on associations with other types of cancer, but there is no compelling evidence of a benefit.
Areas of Uncertainty
Few of the many possible associations between specific vitamins and specific diseases have been examined in randomized clinical trials. The evidence that folic acid reduces the risk of coronary disease and of colon cancer is strong, although not definitive. Even in instances in which a benefit has been proved, as in the case of the reduction in the incidence of neural-tube defects by folic acid supplementation, the optimal dose is uncertain. Requirements for nutrients may be influenced by genetic variations, and this is a focus of ongoing research.
Guidelines from some professional societies or governmental panels recommend attempting to obtain vitamins and minerals from food sources rather than from supplements. The American Dietetic Association and the U.S. Dietary Guidelines also note that some people may need vitamin or mineral supplements in addition to a good diet to ensure that their nutritional needs are met. The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force emphasizes the need for folic acid supplements for women planning a pregnancy, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommend supplemental folic acid for premenopausal women who could potentially become pregnant. The Food and Nutrition Board of the Institute of Medicine notes that there has been no resolution of the question regarding the effect of antioxidant vitamins on the risk of chronic disease.
Conclusions and Recommendations
Given the greater likelihood of benefit than harm, and considering the low cost, we conclude that a daily multivitamin that does not exceed the RDA of its component vitamins makes sense for most adults, including the woman in the case vignette. Substantial data suggest that higher intakes of folic acid, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, and vitamin D will benefit many people, and a multivitamin will ensure an adequate intake of other vitamins for which the evidence of benefit is indirect. A multivitamin is especially important for women who might become pregnant; for persons who regularly consume one or two alcoholic drinks per day; for the elderly, who tend to absorb vitamin B12 poorly and are often deficient in vitamin D; for vegans, who require supplemental vitamin B12; and for poor urban residents, who may be unable to afford adequate intakes of fruit and vegetables.
Many multivitamins also include essential minerals, although the doses of some of these minerals, such as calcium, are well below the RDA. Although we have not discussed minerals here, there is less evidence supporting the existence of a benefit for mineral supplements, with the exception of the additional iron required by some premenopausal women.
Although one could measure blood levels to identify those who would benefit most from multivitamins, this would be much more expensive than simply recommending that all adults take a supplement (at a typical cost of $20 to $40 per year). Education regarding nutrition is vitally important, but it has been far less effective than supplementation or the fortification of food in raising blood folic acid levels. However, a vitamin pill is no substitute for a healthful lifestyle or diet, because foods contain additional important components, such as fiber and essential fatty acids. In particular, a vitamin supplement cannot begin to compensate for the massive risks associated with smoking, obesity, or inactivity. The cost of a multivitamin supplement is so low — similar to that of about a quarter of a serving of fruit or vegetables — that it is unlikely to displace healthful foods in most persons' budgets.
We also believe that vitamin E supplements are reasonable for most middle-aged and older Americans who are at increased risk for coronary disease. Evidence is still accruing, but even assuming a low probability that vitamin E will eventually be proved efficacious (and we view the probability as fairly high), the likelihood of a benefit would still outweigh the very low probability of harm. We would offer a vitamin E supplement in a dose of 400 IU as an option to the patient in the case vignette, with the suggestion that we review this practice annually as more information becomes available. Finally, although we do not recommend additional vitamin supplements at present, the relevant evidence remains far from complete.
Source Information
From the Departments of Nutrition and Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, and the Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital — all in Boston.
Address reprint requests to Dr. Willett at the Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, 655 Huntington Ave., Boston, MA 02115.
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- Blount BC, Mack MM, Wehr CM, et al. Folate deficiency causes uracil misincorporation into human DNA and chromosome breakage: implications for cancer and neuronal damage. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1997;94:3290-3295.
- Selhub J, Jacques PF, Wilson PWF, Rush D, Rosenberg IH. Vitamin status and intake as primary determinants of homocysteinemia in an elderly population. JAMA 1993;270:2693-2698.
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- Selhub J, Jacques PF, Bostom AG, et al. Association between plasma homocysteine concentrations and extracranial carotid-artery stenosis. N Engl J Med 1995;332:286-291.
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- Holick MF. Vitamin D and bone health. J Nutr 1996;126:Suppl:1159S-1164S.
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- Heikinheimo RJ, Inkovaara JH, Harju EJ, et al. Annual injection of vitamin D and fractures of aged bones. Calcif Tissue Int 1992;51:105-110.
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- The Alpha-Tocopherol Beta Carotene Cancer Prevention Study Group. The effect of vitamin E and beta carotene on the incidence of lung cancer and other cancers in male smokers. N Engl J Med 1994;330:1029-1035.
- Chan JM, Stampfer MJ, Ma J, Rimm EB, Willett WC, Giovannucci EL. Supplemental vitamin E intake and prostate cancer risk in a large cohort of men in the United States. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 1999;8:893-899.
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subset: commoncrawl


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The Composer Is Dead (Hardcover Book with CD)
A little spooky, a little sad, and a lot of musical fun - that's what's in store for you with Lemony Snicket's The Composer is Dead.
The San Francisco Symphony asked composer Nathaniel Stookey to write the music and the great storyteller Lemony Snicket to create the story. Edwin Outwater conducted the world premiere performance and recording of The Composer Is Dead with the SFS in July 2006.
by Lemony Snicket (Author), Carson Ellis (Illustrator)
With CD of music composed by Nathaniel Stookey, narrated by Lemony Snicket.
Hardcover: 40 pages
Reading level: Ages 4-8


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Give your fragrance wardrobe an update with this new scent from Juicy Couture. A fresh update on the brand's best-selling Viva La Juicy, the sheer perfume has the original's fruity top notes combined with heady honeysuckle, gardenia, and jasmine. Trust us, once you start wearing it you'll have it in heavy rotation. It has plenty of eye candy appeal too: the keepsake glass bottle comes bedecked with a pink ribbon.
I've loved Viva la juicy for years but I never can wear it in the summer because it seems like too much. This is the perfect fix for that! It has pretty much the same smell as the original but so much less intense! Perfect for work since I know the people near me won't be overwhelmed by it.5
This would not have been a fragrance I would have personally tested in the store just going off the looks of the bottle. The packaging , while adorable, seems very young and oriented more toward the younger ladies. I received a sample in my Birch Box and love it. I'll be purchasing this for myself, as well as for my stepdaughter (who is a younger lady!)5


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Forums Home » Service & Therapy Dogs
Sniffer dogs used in high schoolsThe Service and Therapy Dog forum is for all service and therapy dogs regardless of whether or not their status is legally defined by federal or state law, how they are trained, or whether or not they are "certified." Posts questioning or disputing a person's need for a service or therapy dog, the validity of a person's service or therapy dog, or the dog's ability to do the work of a service or therapy dog are not permitted in this forum. Please keep discussions fun, friendly, and helpful at all times.


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Homeless Frame-Up by Cops and City Attorney Defeated in Rare Court Victory
The City's "Go to Sleep; Go to Jail" campaign suffered defeat with two "Not Guilty" verdicts after a four-hour contempt hearing for Anna Richardson and Miguel deLeon. Judge Timothy Volkman returned to the plain language of MC 6.36.010c which makes sleeping, even on blankets, even with your possessions around you, a legal activity during the day if you have no intention of remaining overnight and haven't "set up a campsite", no matter how much that infuriates police officers who want you to move along.
The day began outside the main entrance of the courthouse at 8:15 AM with a free breakfast provided by Joe Schultz, soon to open a new restaurant downtown on Front St. Schultz has long been a supporter of homeless protest actions in Santa Cruz, a rare exception to the cowed, indifferent, or hostile response of many merchants downtown.
The Downtown Association, whose former executive director Peter Eberle, voted to end the entire Camping Ban in 1999 when he was on the Homeless Issues Task Force has since refused to even discuss modifying the Sleeping Ban sections of the camping ordinance under the leadership of its new director, "Chip".
Over a dozen homeless people munched coffeecake, sipped coffee,and spoke out about their experiences outside. Curbhugger Chris Doyen passionately denounced the existing laws that target homeless survival behavior like sleeping and sitting in public places. Congressional Candidate and Attorney Ed Frey (pronounced "fry") described his appeal of the case of Robert "Blindbear" Facer on the grounds that waking people up is torture and requiring people to wake up, get ticketed, move, and get a letter asserting what everyone knows--that there's no shelter--is cruel & unusual punishment.
Anna Richardson's pro bono Jonathan Gettleman, decked out in a dark court-friendly suit, said his main focus today would be keeping his clients out of jail. "Compassion, not more punishment" is required, Gettleman noted, adding "everyone knows the shelters are wholly inadequate. People don't want to be treated like they're in prison just cause they want to sleep..."
Initially things didn't look too good. Attorneys Mark Briscoe and Jonathan Gettleman sitting alongside defendant Miguel deLeon faced City Attorney John Barisone. Judge Volkman dismissed all of the defense's concerns about the May 2009 Injunction itself being improper, the minute order served not matching Barisone's final language, and Barisone's affidavit being incomplete. The complaints were police reports and citations from three officers, one of whom, Officer Martin, was on vacation.
Barisone decided (ill advisedly as it turned out) to proceed with the case without Officer Martin, who was apparently 50% of his case. The one point the Gettleman/Briscoe defense team won was a ruling from the judge that "proof beyond a reasonable doubt" was the standard the City Attorney had to meet, since the penalty involved possible jail time and was hence 'quasi-criminal". Some thought the reason Barisone was using a Civil Injunction was to evade the need for a real trial with a high standard of proof and more protections for the defendants.
Barisone also chose not to use the "three infractions ignored makes a misdemeanor" law which he and City Council added to the city code in January 2009 over the objections of homeless advocates. Did this mean that the two homeless musicians had either dealt with all their citations, or hadn't gotten three since May 2009? Or was Barisone simply using a procedure with less protection for the defendants (a civil Injunction that seems to circumvent the need for a jury trial, is not susceptible of appeal, and provides for no appointed public defender)?
The "case" for contempt itself involved four incidents of police contact between the two and Officers Winston, Forbus, and Martin. The issue wasn't sleeping at night or sleeping at all, even though the cops woke them up, prompting their anger. The issue was "setting up a campsite with the intention of remaining overnight" downtown in the "forbidden zone" created by Barisone and ratified by Judge Burdick in May (http://www.santacruzsentinel.com/ci_12483386?IADID=Search-www.santacruzsentinel.com-www.santacruzsentinel.com).
Three witnesses testified--Officers Forbus and Winston and homeless expert Linda Lemaster. Forbus and Winston are downtown beat officers under the jurisdiction of Sgts. Harms and Garner, to whom they reportedly pass on reports of all contacts with the two targeted homeless musicians. Lemaster previouslly served the city as Chair of the Commission for the Prevention of Violence Against Women and of the Homeless Issues Task Force. She is currently on the County's Homeless Action Partnership.
The key legal issues under scrutiny were (1) what determines whether a person as "set up a campsite" and (2) what is the standard for proving they had "an intention to remain overnight".
Both connditiosn are required to cite and convict someone during the day under MC 6.36.010c. At night just sleeping or covering up with blankets after 11 PM is itself illegal on all public property, on much private property, in any structure that isn't a house or hotel, and in any vehicle parked on public property. A third was whether the presence of homeless possessions next to an individual sitting, lying, or sleeping was itself significant or sufficient evidence of a campsite and an intention to remain overnight.
Lemaster testified there was a waiting list for storage lockers at the Homeless Services Center and insisted that commercial storage lockers are out of reach for anyone without a stable income. She talked about her own difficult experiences when a homeless mom. Barisone vigorously cross-examined her, suggesting that lockers were available for storing homeless property without even hinting at any evidence. He volunteered that homeless failure to apply for shelter and services indicates a conscious scofflaw mentality and not a function of the wearisome homeless treadmill. Finally he ignored the well-known and unchanging lack of shelter space and services. "Many homeless people stop trying," said Lemaster. "They are pressured over time to give up on waiting lists and application hurdles in order to stay focused on immediate survival needs."
Lemaster subsequently claimed that numbers of local homeless people exceed access to even momentary public aid by a facto of more than 15-1. "Homelessness," she noted, "is a growing epidemic that will not be resolved by municipalities." "It is profoundly immoral to simply pluck out the most egregious presences on Pacific Avenue, while ignoring the forces that destroy everyone else outside until they get sick or angry or messy or die."
Last year's county homeless death figure was nearly three times that of the prior year (http://www.indybay.org/newsitems/2009/12/19/18633184.php?show_comments=1#18633349).
Not discussed at all were the difficulties involved even when Armory shelter space is available. Shelter space is never available in the late spring, summer, and early fall for 95% of the chronically homeless who apply, according to Lemaster. Requirements include: Show up early and so miss work opportunities; Face what some call unhealthful conditions sleeping in a room on the floor with many coughing and sick people; Show picture ID; Deal with what some have described as discriminatory treatment by ill-paid staff and Armory personnel; Abandon most of one's property during the night; Accept sexually segregated sleeping conditions; etc.
Sentinel reporter J.M. Brown sat through the proceedings and wrote a heavily merchant-friendly story. It mostly ignored the deeper legal issues and repeated deceptive and incomplete descriptions from prior stories. J.M. Brown cast the two defendants in a bad light, highlighting merchant fears and unproven allegations. (See "Judge dismisses some charges in preliminary injunction against S.C. couple accused of violating city's camping ban" at http://www.santacruzsentinel.com/ci_14711762?source=rss).
Brown nowhere mentioned the costs of the proceeding nor indicated the bizarre nature of the patently fraudulent charges (even under the abusive wording of the Injunction covering downtown sleeping and the absurd Sleeping Ban making it illegal everywhere else). Apparently he didn't think to ask the City Attorney: "Why would you think that two people sleeping at midday with their possessions downtown constituted a campsite?" "How could that possibly mesh with the wording of the law and the Injunction?" "Why would you spend city time and money and waste the court's time with this?"
Reporter Brown repeated the unproven, irrelevant, and inflammatory charges of "bathing in a fountain", "destroying trees" , "trespassing" and other claims rejected in the May Injunction hearing, Those smears were not permitted in this contempt hearing which was specifically held to determine only whether the two were violating the Camping Ordinance in the forbidden Downtown zone--the only behavior the Injunction bans, and the only "crimes" alleged.
It was not proven at the May 2009 hearing that created the original injunction that Richardson and DeLeon were a Public Nuisance, simply that they were regularly charged (but not convicted) of violating the unconstitutional Sleeping Ban. This alone was the grounds for labeling them a "nuisance per se", not any substantial nuisance behavior. Thus was created this unique Injunction which bans an essential human function--sleeping, and set the two up as police targets. Not because their behavior specifically injured anyone, but because nighttime homeless sleeping is and has been illegal in Santa Cruz since 1978.
Brown used [phrases like "vagrancy"--an outdated and prejudicial epithet which criminalizes poor people outside for their status). "Years of negative public perception about safety issues" echoes a paranoid merchant perception--but the two are not charged with any violent crimes. Brown quotes Mayor Rotkin at length, who as usual talks out of both sides of his mouth--professing compassion for the homeless, but supporting the Sleeping Ban--which makes homeless people criminals for a life-sustaining act. All that De Leon and Richardson were charged with was sleeping during the day. Iinstead of grilling Rotkin on where homeless people can park their bones or researching the shelter realities, Brown simply mouths authority propaganda.
Misleading and sloppy reporting includes such comments as "limitations on loitering". There is no such crime; City Council under pressure from gentrification advocates and merchants intent on blaming homeless people for the economic depression has made more than 95% of the city's sidewalks in business districts a crime to sit on, and peacefully spare change on. A huge expanse has also been made forbidden territory for political tabling or busqueing.
I wrote the following commentary in response to Brown's Sentinel article which covers some more points (somewhat modified in this reprinting):
City Attorney Barisone's arrogance strikes again. As with another recent case where he's wasted over $100,000 of the City's money (and intends to waste more), this one was a really bad call.(See http://www.santacruzsentinel.com/localnews/ci... )
Anna and Miguel were sleeping downtown during the day--an activity not forbidden by Burdick's injunction. But when harassed by Officers Forbus and Winston, they refused to move (as was their right since they were doing nothing illegal). So maybe the two officers, out of resentment that their heavy-handed authority was being properly and caustically challenged, wrote phony tickets without probable cause to further intimidate the two.
The tickets "worked" in that the two defendants gathered together their possessions and left. They also provided grist for Sgt. Garner and Barisone's stalking agenda: holding the two in contempt and jailing them.
However, sleeping during the day is not "setting up a campsite" and even a judge nervous about offending the merchants and politicians knows that. It may show the depth of Barisone's arrogance (or perhaps his indifference--after all, he gets paid regardless) that he proceeded to drag these two into court on what were obviously false charges.
Further aggravating the situation for those of watching the trial was the fact that apparently the cops did not say they'd gotten any specific complaints about the two sleepers. It was just two thugs in uniform showing their power or currying favor with the city attorney--at what may ultimately be a significant cost to the city.
Exerting naked power against people--even poor people--can piss them off, especially when it's illegal.
Volkman had no choice but to find the accused not guilty of contempt. Barisone should have known that from the getgo. Barisone and his two cop witnesses should be held liable for harassment as well as misuse of public funds.
Even those whose agenda is characterizing visible homeless people sparechanging downtown as "bums" should get together to dump these incompetents.
Ironically sleeping during the day is the only legal option for all homeless people in Santa Cruz since sleeping at night is banned under MC 6.36.010a.
So Anna and Miguel sleeping at 1:40 PM and 5:20 PM in the afternoon were actually trying to follow the law.
Present in the audience watching this farce were Mayor Rotkin, Councilmember Robinson, Julie Hende, and no doubt a number of other notable bigoted bureaucrats. Boy, bigotry is bad, but stupidity when mixed with bigotry is even more ludicrous. And making a public spectacle out of this makes them all a laughingstock. Which, given the abuse they're trying to bring to homeless people, is what they deserve.
For more background go to http://www.indybay.org/newsitems/2010/03/15/1... and http://www.indybay.org/newsitems/2010/03/18/1... .
Those interested in real solutions should consider how much cheaper it would be to set up a campground and acknowledge the clear and present reality the immense shelter deficiency in Santa Cruz puts the City in very vulnerable spot legally and wretched position ethically.
The one positive thing to come out of this case (other than exposing the incompetence and/or corruption of the police and city attorney) is the revelation that police are now (perhaps under instruction from their supervisors) misuseing section c of the camping ordinance--which says folks can be ticketed anytime if they're "setting up a campsite with the intent of remaining overnight".
This means there is no "safety zone" as Vice-Mayor Coonerty insisted several years ago, that allows homeless people to sleep during the day and so makes our city different from Los Angeles, San Diego, Laguna Beach, and other places that have had courts overturn their Sleeping Bans.
It may be time to go back to court with a lawsuit--and this time the Injunction will be against the City and the Police, and not against homeless sleepers.
Two homeless activists, a homeless musician, and an innocent passerby were falsely given $445 citations last January for singing political songs in front of the Bookshop Santa Cruz. Officer Shoenfeld refused to say herself whether the singing she heard at 3 PM on a Wednesday afternoon, was "unreasonably disturbing". Because the singers refused to move, but did agree to sing more quietly (and stopped singing at Shoenfeld's request), Sheofeld apparently orchestrated the citizen's arrest from a resident of the St. George---Simon Reilly by falsely informing Reilly that the singers refused to sing more quietly.
Some of the story is told at http://www.indybay.org/newsitems/2010/01/20/18635743.php ("Sinister Street Singers Cited on Sidewalk").
On March 25th at 1:30 PM in Dept. 10 (the basement of the County Building) the innocent bystander, a teacher named Michelle, will go to trial in the court of Commissioner Kim Baskett.
On March 26th at 10 AM, activist Becky Johnson will go to trial in Dept. 1 (first courtroom to your left as you pass the metal detector) in front of Judge Symons.
On April 27th, Robert "Blindbear" Facer is due to go to trial at 1:30 p.m. Dept. 10.
HUFF (Homeless United for Friendship &; Freedom) will likely be sponsoring an outdoor meal to encourage the community to have a bite to eat and then witness the proceedings in the hopes that these ridiculous charges will be dismissed, encouraging the police not to use citizens as catspaws.
Judge Volkman at the Injunction Contempt Hearing commended the audience for coming and the presence of the audience may have had a positive effect in helping him hold the line against a lawless city attorney whose main concern seems to be running disfavored homeless people out of town or out of sight.
Comments (Hide Comments)
Saturday Mar 20th, 2010 5:26 PM
Robert, when you say "Even those whose agenda is characterizing visible homeless people sparechanging downtown as "bums""...it makes me wonder if you know what the definition of a bum is?
Assorted dictionary definitions:
-a slang term for a homeless person, beggar, or a "forgotten man."
-A lazy person; slacker
Being that these two identify themselves as homeless by choice, live by spanging, and don't bother getting jobs? I can't think of a more perfect description of a bum than they....
Saturday Mar 20th, 2010 10:34 PM
I guess we really no longer need to digress into the question which ultimately puts a stop to the oppression on the homeless.
Unfortunately the current Operation Omniscience puts us into the palace where it is no lnger possible to discuss realisitic solutions to the homeless problem. Nevertheless that solution is already known.
The survellience society changes nothing in that respect.
The only bone fide question that remains is how not to get caught, something I am most forcefully advocating at this time.
Sunday Mar 21st, 2010 12:33 AM
is that it's pejorative...
Sunday Mar 21st, 2010 8:31 AM
I agree that "bum" is pejorative, and correctly so. But if Robert finds that demeaning, I'm happy to switch over.
Let me see....they don't constructively participate in the community, they live off of the charity of those who do participate and work, the litter the community, they break into property, they threaten and intimidate citizens.
I've got it ! Heck, I'll even give Robert a choice. Which do you prefer?
LEECH, or PARASITE?
Sunday Mar 21st, 2010 8:16 PM
halleluah gimme a handout
halleluah I'm a bum
Halaleluah give-us a handout
and revive us again!
as sung by Mike Z and U Utah Phillips
I am nots o much of a bum lately, but I still make art outa trash
Tuesday Mar 23rd, 2010 8:23 AM
Once again Robert is making much ado about nothing. All they won was the right to spread their crap all over the sidewalk during the day. The original charges that caused them to be cited for contempt have not gone away. BTW in my opnion a homeless person is someone who through no fault of their own is on the streets. A bum is someone who chooses to live on the streets and scrounge handouts and public services as a way of life. These two are bums who want to sit on their butts all day and bitch when society rejects this choice.
Tuesday Mar 23rd, 2010 12:58 PM
OF A BUM WRITES: "Being that these two identify themselves as homeless by choice, live by spanging, and don't bother getting jobs? I can't think of a more perfect description of a bum than they...."
BECKY: They are not sleeping on the streets "by choice." The CITY seized their van, towed it, and they didn't have the money to get it back. THAT was their only shelter. THAT is not "by choice" but a direct consequence of City action. They don't spange either. You are mis-informed. They get tips for playing music. Even our City code designates a difference between playing music for tips and begging. The first is covered under the "non-commercial display ordinance" for the cup or hat that they collect the donations in. Begging is covered under the "solicitation" ordinance. Oh, and ANNA has had several jobs.
They are not "bums" even by YOUR definition.
But I get it that you get off on putting other people down.
Tuesday Mar 23rd, 2010 1:12 PM
OF A BUM WRITES: "Let me see....they don't constructively participate in the community, they live off of the charity of those who do participate and work, the litter the community, they break into property, they threaten and intimidate citizens. I've got it ! Heck, I'll even give Robert a choice. Which do you prefer? LEECH, or PARASITE?"
BECKY: You truly are one of the most ignorant posters I've ever seen. You hold strong opinions but know nothing of the case. Where do you get your information from? Zach Friend?
ANNA was BORN here. So that makes her a member of the community. Heck, she's a Daughter of the Golden West! I wish I were. The play music for free on the streets of downtown which provides ambiance, culture, music, and art. I think that is a constructive contribution to our community. They don't even use the social services that are available to them (although ANNA has recently been going to the shelter). In fact, one of the complaints BARISONE made against them in court was that they had FAILED TO APPLY FOR SOCIAL SERVICES. They don't litter, and always pick up their stuff and leave an area in good condition, unless running away from cops. NONE of their 40 plus citations was for "litter" unless you count ANNA's "open container" citation when she was cited for camping near an empty beer can (NOT hers!!).
they did rig the gate behind BUNNY"S SHOES so they could get in and camp back there. Technically it is was breaking and entering. However, they "broke" nothing. But why weren't they cited for that if it was such a slam/dunk case? And what citizens have they "threatened" or "intimidated?" When they have been spoken to harshly, they have responded with similar harsh language. I call that tit-for-tat and not even illegal. Most people who know the couple say that they are both very nice and good people. They certainly seem to be better people than you are---you who slander and libel and spread hate and disinformation, along with painful stereotypes.
You are definitely NOT better than them. You are worse than them.
Tuesday Mar 23rd, 2010 1:34 PM
DRAGON WRITES: "The original charges that caused them to be cited for contempt have not gone away."
BECKY: True. And we shouldn't lose sight of that. City Attorney John Barisone is really doing something very new here with this civil injunction against truly impoverished individuals who are not truly a menace to society. They have not committed any serious crimes. Not theft. Not vandalism. Not assault. Not battery. Not burglary. They don't drink. They don't do heroin or meth. They don't actually HURT anyone or anything. They are just trying to survive , and they are not doing very well at that either, especially after the City stole their van under color of law.
What should concern us (other than as a community trying to help them to get back into housing, school, jobs, and contributing to the tax base) is that the CITY has volunteered to take on legal work that rightly belongs as part of the business operating expenses for downtown merchants. It's not as if LULU CARPENTERS, BORDERS BOOKS, THE PALOMAR, and BUNNY'S SHOES didn't have a remedy. Any one --or several in tandem---could have filed their own civil injunction to stop the public nuisance. They might have had to prove actual damages, which would have been difficult.
The City is too broke to be paying for the legal work which these downtown businesses should pay for on their own dime. The law, through liberal application of trespassing laws already favors property owners and business owners. It's not like the courts or laws are stacked against them!!
And why is the City only taking up the cudgel for the FOUR merchants? Surely there are other businesses that would like to have the City do their legal work for them too. Do we only do it for the friends of the council members? Or for the friends of City Attorney John Barisone? I mean, who ordered this injunction in the first place?
Do we have money to burn? And isn't BARISONE padding his own budget a lot with these make-work jobs?
Tuesday Mar 23rd, 2010 6:39 PM
1) They are sleeping on the streets by choice. You choose to focus on the fact that they lost their van; albeit due to repeated violations which caused that van to be taken away. I, instead, focus on the fact that they were offered legal shelter by the city and they declined it. Pray tell, how do you deny that that is on the street by choice?
2) Although I've already offered alternatives to their description as "bums", I'm equally willing to still defend that description.
"Bum: a lazy person, a slacker". What better description for two people who, between them, have worked fewer than a year or two at a job that pays money in their combined 2-decade history?
3) You say Anna was born here, and that makes her a member of the community. I don't disagree a wit. But it doesn't effect the reality that she is a bum in the community.
4) You say they provide "ambiance, culture, music, and art.". I say they are obnoxious, threatening, and criminals who, by your own admission, break the law and disrespect private property.
5) You try to invalidate my viewpoint by saying " But I get it that you get off on putting other people down.". I laugh at your weak attempt to discredit the reality of the situation and my stance. But in return? I'll say that you get off on regularly lying about the homeless issues you pretend to champion. And I say pretend because the reality, and we have over a decade of proof, is that your main goal is to see your name in print, not to help the homeless. And that you have a storied history of lying about facts to try to prove your point.
...it's very telling that more homeless people on this very website vilify you for using you for your selfish political vendetta than thank you for actually helping them.
...it's equally telling that you're considered a pariah by those who manage this sight, chastised by your partner for being a racist, and banned from several very liberal organizations; and in all cases you deny any responsibility.
Wednesday Mar 24th, 2010 7:48 PM
I'm confused by Becky's description of this pair. "When they have been spoken to harshly, they have responded with similar harsh language. I call that tit-for-tat and not even illegal. Most people who know the couple say that they are both very nice and good people."
I watched one day as a woman offered Miguel help when he was sleeping on the sidewalk. His response was to stand up, start screaming at her and call her a "fucking c*nt!" The woman was not harsh with him at all and did not deserve such a response. I think Becky is blinded to the truth about some of their actions. They might be nice in front of her, but Miguel can be a real jerk to everyone else.
Friday Mar 26th, 2010 9:52 AM
California has a referendum process. Why don't robert and Becky start a ballot intiative to put on the ballot to repeal the sleeping ban. Then we could see if the majority of the residents of Santa Cruz support the ban or not?
Friday Mar 26th, 2010 11:06 AM
That's because it's easier to tell people what they should support then to actually find out what people want to support. Why put something up to a vote when you can take legal action in order to force people to do what you want? If this issue were put up to a vote, HUFF would not like the answer they receive. They'll just say that it proves "mob rule", followed by the obligatory "bigot" comments.
Friday Mar 26th, 2010 4:33 PM
I didn't know you were psychic Ben because that is exactly what I was thinking when I posted my question.
Monday Mar 29th, 2010 7:09 PM
Standard operating procedure for Becky: She boldly challenges you, but ducks and covers when she realizes she's been outed on her lies and inaccuracies. (Particularly difficult to deny them when she regularly does so by contradicting herself in easily referenced articles.).
Nope, much easier to move on to a new thread about the same issue, as she's done here, and avoid the messy work of having to defend or prove her specious lies.
Carry on Becky, and thank you for the good laugh I got with Robert's romanticized recounting of your singing infranction in the latest post. *lol* It was truly a gut buster.
Saturday May 8th, 2010 8:33 AM
Plan to Install Fake Parking Meters to Help Homeless Actually Tricky Scheme to Establish 14 Foot Stay Away Zones – Stores Pay $500 for the Extra Protection
Pacific Avenue, the "mall" as it is known to the locals, appears to be straight out of Hollywood's central casting, with wide tree lined sidewalks and shiny busy stores. Cars (usually) stop for the throngs of shoppers cascading into crosswalks, clutching ice creams cones and bags of loot piled onto credit cards.
Street performers sing and lurk on many corners. Some performers have Grammies. Others might be selling gram bags. Some might sing like angels, others not so much. And that is the epicenter of a war that is going on in Santa Cruz.
Some Pacific Avenue businesses do not appreciate the cadre of performers, hippies, panhandlers and wannabees that perform and bake in proximity to their front doors. As a result, the hammer of the State has been smashing hippies and homeless on the mall like a whack a mole out of control.
Long lists of laws have attempted to criminalize hanging out, singing, or being homeless on the mall. Downtown interests, backed by the police and members of the City Counsel claim that they need to keep the mall safe for the shoppers and strollers. Street performers have recently been put on trial for singing too loud.
Like an overzealous condo board, this sort of thing is expected from your garden-variety wannabe police state. A new scheme to keep the perceived riff-raff away however is so clever and ironic, that it deserves special mention.
The City of Santa Cruz has just begun installing vintage parking meters on the mall with the claimed goal to raise money to help the homeless. Instead of giving spare change to the homeless directly, pump your the spare change into the meter. The City will then collect that money and provide services to the homeless. This new law, dubbed "Imagine Positive Change" was passed by the Santa Cruz City Counsel on April 13, 2010.
One obvious goal is cutting off direct money to the panhandlers and street performers. This writer further notes this to be a Trojan horse of greater trickery, and a new police enforcement tool.
Panhandling and sitting will be banned within 14 feet of the faux parking meters. Political tabling will be banned within 10 feet of the faux parking meters. That's because the meters are deemed public art, which Santa Cruz protects under the 14-foot stay away forbidden zone. It is now expected that these meters will be installed along the mall, in front of businesses that do not want people hanging out nearby.
More skeptical or jaded voices (ok this author) also opine this has the hue of a shakedown. Any business could sponsor a faux meter in front of its business for $500. It's akin to the police offering protection to that business for an extra "donation."
Yet another view is that money can buy you an extra set of laws for protection. A wealthier business spends the $500. The less affluent business can expect to receive the less vocally trained visitors. It also has a whiff of a tax (stated just to get the few republicans in the area angry also). In any event, this faux meter plan does not appear transparent.
The plan purports to offer a revenue source to help the homeless. In fact, it is a scheme to caste aside people central casting consider extras in this drama we call a community. (© Herman I. Kalfen, JD, REA, NAEP - April 18, 2010)


text:
PLASTICA: Solar Powered Helicopter
This wooden helicopter can actually be solar powered - just leave it in the sun and the solar panels on the propellers will charge to make it spin. It won't make the helipcopter fly on its own but it's still cool for your child to learn about solar energy.
What can I say other than I WANT ONE NOW!!!Tags: toys, gifts, gadgets, remote controls, luxury, helicopters, man, kids, guyAdded 10 Years Ago from Amazon.com


text:
iLL support him..not because of PS3 but because he made my iphone usable! Go geohot!!just stop doin those rap..its not cool..
iLL support him..not because of PS3 but because he made my iphone usable! Go geohot!!just stop doin those rap..its not cool..
I'm pretty broke myself, but my paypal account had a little bit of money in it, and I can't think of a better cause, then to Geohot and the defense of consumer rights.
I donated. I've had an iPhone 3G and currently own an iPhone 4 and PS3. Geohot has made my devices usable.
I don't even have a PS3 so I don't give a **** but donated.
SONY should be ashamed of em self,y goin after the Geohot,they could just release another firmware to patch the leak just like Apple always do instead of hatin on the boy coz he got smatter than them
You sow your own fate ...
I'm getting married this year if anyone wants to donate money to me, I'll set up a website where you can donate via paypal!!
I just donated $200 alot of you guys are making great points, alot of others are small minded. Look if you have never used a jailbreak a hack etc... Then feel free talk all the crap you want. But this guy has done so much for our community that it would be irresponsible not to help him out. If you love ur hacks themes cydia for that matter then donate at least one dollar. Because if sony wins we could soon loose cydia and the ability to jailbreak out apple products period. And if u don't like him personally your an idiot you never met the guy, but he gives u stuff for free. Get over yourself this about bullies picking on the little guys and we are those little guys let's go after the bullies
foureyez (2011-02-20), ikesmasher (2011-02-21), ishamiyal (2011-02-20), Lostfaith (2011-02-21)
I support the cause for consumer rights!!!! [email protected] just donated
Money Sent.
Confirmation number: 55H117822H9379454
Donation amount: $500.00 USD
Total: $500.00 USD
Purpose: SCEA v Hotz Legal Defense Fund
If you are on this site, and if you have EVER jail-broken an iPhone or iPod, and you don't think you should send money to this kid, something is very wrong with your reasoning in my estimation.
This has nothing to do with how you feel about Geo personally, and it doesn't take a rocket scientist to know a corporate bully when you see one. This is what the internet is for- to allow individuals to come together to combat an oppressive force in a way that has never been historically possible. The kid needs help, I for one sent him some.
Did anyone notice that all the people saying this guy should be strung up or is gettin' what he deserves are running MSFT OS's? What's up with that? :-D
Last edited by ishamiyal; 2011-02-20 at 09:22 PM. Reason: Automerged Doublepost
I'm definitely throwing some sheckles his way. He's done a ton for the JB community and deserves our support. This isn't just about his rights, its about all of ours!
Last edited by steve-z17; 2011-02-20 at 09:27 PM.
I don't have a lot to donate but every little bit helps so I'll be donating for sure.
Give us an unlock for the iPhone 4 and I might donate
16GB iPhone 4
160GB Black iPod Classic
16GB iPhone 3GS
60GB iPod Classic
80GB iPod Classic
120GB iPod Classic
16GB iPhone
Yeh but what have you or your wedding gona do or have done for the jailbreak community??? Whereas he has done ALOT for the community, heck if it wasn't coz of people like him we wouldn't even have a jailbreak. Ur wedding ain't Gona help in any jailbreak is it?
I'm pretty sure that u jailbreak ur iPhone and most likely u have used his jailbreak software in the past!
Last edited by ya_boy; 2011-02-20 at 09:42 PM. Reason: Automerged Doublepost
Totally agree with geohot!
Justice 4 Geo
[ame=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0jQ7oiPmAc8]YouTube - JUSTICE 4 GEO : The King of Hack[/ame]
I am donating. I don't even own a PS3 but I do believe in consumer rights. He is being singled out and Sony is trying to make an example of him. Lets not let the big corporations intimidate us with these scare tactics. We as the consumers DO HAVE the right to modify our equipment. I bought it I own it I can do whatever I please with it.....screw off!!!
Brr (2011-02-21)
Yes GeoHot has the right to mod any system he owns, as do well all, but he did not have the right to distribute private information belonging to Sony. (i.e the PS3 Keys)
He knew perfectly well that by posting them on his own website that he would kick off a lawsuit from Sony. If he wanted to let others avail of his work he could have very easily "leaked" the necessary information anonymously.
Btw, Sony also have the right to protect their games division from piracy which what all system modding eventually leads to, whether the original hackers like it or not.
So I'm sorry but I'm not giving this guy a cent. In my opinion he brought this on himself.
why donate via paypal when they take a percentage of the donated fund for using their service. should have used the google method lol
Ill donate for sure I don't even have a ps3 I don't even like video games but I love my jailbrocken iPhone 4 thanks to limera1n=Geohot
Acting out for more attention, spread the word..? Wtf.. Grow up. If these hackers had such strong feelings toward how Sony operated -- they would've attacked the issue from the get-go. The big crusade for all thats wrong with the world always starts *AFTER* they get stuck in a tight situation.. Like a child. It's never your fault, it's the big evil corporations! Those are people's jobs, PC's and home gaming consoles are two completely different things, yea it came with Linux.. You abused it to the point where it had to be taken from you, and everybody else. Take some responsibility and you might get taken a bit more seriously, the evil corporations supply JOBS for people who have families to support while you devise ways to manipulate systems to your advantage, now it's the legal system and all for what? Some childish need for attention so people can see how clever you are? Sadly, I do agree Sony needs to be taken down a notch but after the silly battle rap and constant whining I already know Sony will win. You're not Robin Hood looking to make information free for all, its always the "GeoHotz Show", if that were the case you would have banked on the iPhone unlock and approached this thing with the intention of making permanent change. You're not the only hacker out there, you're just the loudest. Egomaniac. Even still, I donated anyway.. I wish you the best, I just know you can be much better if only we could update your bloody firmware.
Godspeed & God bless.


text:
Contemporary Art Gallery (Vancouver)
|Yaletown in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
|art gallery
|Nigel Prince
|Jenifer Papararo[1]
|Contemporary Art Gallery
The Contemporary Art Gallery (CAG) is a non-collecting public art gallery in downtown Vancouver, focused on contemporary art. The CAG exhibits local, national, and international artists, primarily featuring emerging local artists producing Canadian contemporary art. It has exhibited work by many of Vancouver's most acclaimed artists, including Stan Douglas, Ian Wallace, Rodney Graham, Liz Magor, and Brian Jungen, and it continues to feature local artists such as Damian Moppett, Shannon Oksanen, Elspeth Pratt, Myfanwy MacLeod, and many others. International artists who have had exhibitions at the CAG include Dan Graham, Christopher Williams, Rachel Harrison, Hans-Peter Feldmann and Ceal Floyer. Other notable people that have curated or written for the CAG include Douglas Coupland, Beatriz Colomina, Roy Arden, and John Welchman. In January 2011, Nigel Prince, former curator of the Ikon Gallery in Birmingham U.K., was appointed executive director of the CAG. Apart from the exhibition of visual art, the Contemporary Art Gallery produces publications, facilitates education and outreach programs, public talks, and visiting artist/curator programs, and maintains a library.
Established in 1971, the Contemporary Art Gallery (originally called the Greater Vancouver Artist's Gallery) began as an outgrowth of the Social Planning Department of the City of Vancouver, in which Vancouver artists were hired for a six-month period to produce art for exhibition at the gallery, and for inclusion in the City of Vancouver Art Collection. In 1976, the CAG was incorporated as a registered federal charity and a non-profit society under the Societies Act of British Columbia. In 1984, the Contemporary Art Gallery became an artist-run centre. It was widely recognized for providing initial solo exhibitions and catalogues for many of Vancouver's now well-known artists.[2] By the early 1990s, the exhibition program had expanded to include artists of national and international origin. In 1996, the Contemporary Art Gallery was transformed from an artist-run centre into an independent public art gallery, fulfilling the need for a contemporary visual arts institution with programming positioned between the vibrant experimentalism of Vancouver's artist-run centres and the more popular programs of large general-interest institutions. In May 2001, the Contemporary Art Gallery moved to a new purpose-built facility.[1]
The Contemporary Art Gallery is located in the ground floor and mezzanine of a residential condominium building at 555 Nelson Street, at the corner of Nelson and Richards, just on the edge of Yaletown, in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. In 2001, architects Martin Lewis and Noel Best designed the facility the CAG now occupies. The exhibition facility consists of two galleries and a series of window vitrines on the façade that provide an additional opportunity for exhibition. The B.C. Binning Gallery is 1,040 square feet (97 m2) and the Alvin Balkind Gallery is 676 square feet (62.8 m2). A reception area adjoins the reading room, in which visitors can access information on current and past exhibitions. The Abraham Rogatnick Library, which participates in an international catalogue exchange with other galleries and museums, is located on the second floor and is open to the public by appointment. The gallery space has "earned a Lieutenant-Governor's medal and an AIBC Award."[3]
Notable exhibitions[edit]
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Journey into Fear – September 12 to November 3, 2002 – Stan Douglas – Staging an antagonistic exchange between a woman and man in a cyclical, ever mutating loop, Stan Douglas' video work examined the 1970s as an historical moment of flux between internationalism and globalism. The DVD was accompanied by a suite of photographs of Vancouver set locations, including Douglas' 16-foot-long (4.9 m) depiction of the 100 Block of West Hastings Street.
Steven Shearer – November 19, 2004 to January 2, 2005 – Steven Shearer – Working in a variety of forms, including painting and collage, Vancouver-based artist Steven Shearer often investigates the aesthetics of the 1970s as a site for looking at the energy and revolutionary potential of teens and youth. This solo exhibition assembled a wide spectrum of Shearer's recent work with the aim of profiling its many convergent strains. The centerpiece for the show was a recent sculptural installation: a steel garden shed inside of which a guitar P/A system played a heavy metal guitar solo, amplified and distorted by the metal of the shed, creating a shrine to angry, cloistered youth.
For Example: Dix-Huit Leçons sur la Société Industrielle (first draft) – January 14 to March 6, 2005 – Christopher Williams – The first North American exhibition of a new body of work by Los Angeles artist Christopher Williams, 'For Example' consisted of fourteen photographs – dye transfer and platinum prints – in an installation designed by the artist. Since the early 1980s, Williams has intentionally adopted production values associated with fine art or straight photography into a practice that explores sculptural ideas using photographs and installation. This exhibition would later be featured on the cover of Artforum.
Where I Lived, and What I Lived For – January 20 to March 19, 2006 – Myfanwy MacLeod – With a wry sense of humour and layered referencing of consumer and popular culture, MacLeod used drawing and sculpture to express the self-absorbed and entertainment-saturated culture in which we live. As part of this new work MacLeod exhibited her first large-scale series of photographs, along with drawings of marijuana grow-ops and an organic sculptural installation, all while referencing such diverse sources as Thoreau's Walden, Scottish folklore, drug culture and vernacular representations of the otherworldly.
Concrete Language – September 8 to November 5, 2006 – Fiona Banner, Martin Creed, Ian Wallace, Lawrence Weiner, Cerith Wyn Evans and ten others – Bringing together works by 15 local and international artists, 'Concrete Language' explored the visual and spatial relations in language. Creating a contemplative moment that was outside the way we commonly use or view language, each artist built relations between text and visual material that moved beyond the typical discursive or diagrammatic functions of language.
Please Please Please – January 30 to March 29, 2009 – Jeppe Hein – For Jeppe Hein's first exhibition in Canada, he presented three works that physically addressed the viewer's relation to the art object. His two works for the gallery space challenge the convention of the sculpture as a static object, while outside the gallery, 'Please Do Not Touch the Artwork', a familiar museum rule, was rendered in glowing red neon. Each work offered an opportunity for viewers to experience art outside of the traditional passive role of the art viewer.
Notable publications[edit]
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- Landscape by Jenifer Papararo. Contemporary Art Gallery, Vancouver, BC, 2009. (ISBN 978-1-897302-33-0)
- FASTWÜRMS by Jenifer Papararo, Jenifer Fischer and Jim Drobnick. Contemporary Art Gallery, Vancouver, BC, 2008. (ISBN 978-1-897302-20-0)
- Birgit by Hans-Peter Feldmann and Roy Arden. Contemporary Art Gallery, Vancouver, BC, 2006. (ISBN 0-920751-95-4)
- Christopher Williams: Archäologie Beaux Arts Ethnography Théâtre-Vérité by Claudia Beck and John Miller. Contemporary Art Gallery, Vancouver, BC, 2005. (ISBN 0-920751-96-2)
- Ron Terada by Reid Shier, Kelly Wood, Jens Hoffman, and Michael Darling. Contemporary Art Gallery, Vancouver, BC, 2003. (ISBN 0-920751-91-1)
ARTS101 – A partnership between the CAG and Watarai Youth, Family and Community Services, ARTS101 is an independent one-to-one mentorship program that pairs established professional artists with youth between the ages of 16 to 24 years. Weekly workshop sessions culminate in a public display of the works produced. The aim of the program is "to develop their identity as an artist, expand their skills in their chosen medium, increase exposure to other ways of artistic expression, gain an understanding of the arts community, and explore the realities of choosing the arts as a career."[4]
ArtReach – A web-based education and outreach program, ArtReach is designed to assist teachers in classrooms across the province and country. Through the CAG's website, teachers have access to a variety of online learning tools: lesson plans, artist biographies, glossaries, exhibition guides, and multimedia resources including video interviews with artists. The CAG collaborates with BC Art Teachers' Association representatives to develop lesson plans that link the exhibitions with diverse subjects, engaging students of all ages with the experience of contemporary art.
In 2006, Vancouver artist Christian Kliegel's exhibit, "Production Postings," featured hundreds of signs that film and television production units had used to direct their casts and crews to filming locales; "the general design and style of these brightly coloured signs are formulaic and a ubiquitous part of Vancouver's urban landscape," reads the exhibit description.[5] Film production companies claimed these signs as stolen property, the Vancouver police were contacted, and gallery officials were forced to take down some of the signs and replace them with photocopies. "If anything," Kliegel claimed, "the movie companies themselves practice location theft by setting a film in Vancouver and making it look like another city." Christina Ritchie, the gallery's Director, posted a letter addressed to Off-Set Rentals on the gallery's front door, telling the company's officials that she found it "sad and disappointing" that they could not appreciate Kliegel's "unique and insightful image of Vancouver."[6]
See also[edit]
- Canadian contemporary art
- Contemporary art gallery
- Vancouver School
- Vancouver Art Gallery
- Morris and Helen Belkin Art Gallery
- Or Gallery
- Centre A
- Western Front Society
- ^ a b CAG About. Contemporary Art Gallery. Retrieved 2009-05-23.
- ^ Poll, Rosemary. "The CAG's First Ten Years." Ten Years Later. Contemporary Art Gallery, Vancouver, BC, 1986. (ISBN 0-920751-10-5)
- ^ Contemporary Art Gallery Archiseek. Retrieved 2009-07-13.
- ^ The Program. ARTS101. Retrieved on 2009-06-10.
- ^ CAG Exhibitions. Contemporary Art Gallery. Retrieved 2009-06-10.
- ^ CBC Arts (2006-06-07). Artist's use of production signs in dispute. CBC News. Retrieved 2009-06-10.


text:
War flick, Taiwan yokel film lead Golden Horse pack
By Doug Young
TAIPEI (Reuters Life!) - A Hong Kong star-studded historical drama and a Taiwanese comedy pocked with a colorful local cast are vying for center stage at this year's Golden Horse awards, widely regarded as the "Oscars" of Chinese-language film.
Hong Kong film "The Warlords," with martial arts star Jet Li, leads this year's nominations at the awards that will be given out on Saturday at a glitzy ceremony in the city of Taichung.
The Golden Horses are considered the "Academy Awards" of Chinese-language film, although they have no affiliation with the Hollywood honors.
Close on its heels is "Cape No. 7," a low-key Taiwan film that has taken the local market by storm, garnering 10 nominations including best film and best director for Wei Te-Sheng.
"Warlords," with 12 nominations for best film, best director for Peter Chan and best leading actor for Li, tells the story of a 19th century general set to become governor during the turbulent years of the waning Qing dynasty.
"(The film is) about human nature and the plot brings out certain gray areas, about how every person has two faces and weaknesses," said Hong Kong film critic Law Kar. "The screenplay is rare among Chinese historical movies in having a certain subtle ambiguity, so that you can see both sides of things."
"Cape No. 7" is much less serious or subtle, centered on a motley cast of small town folk in southern Taiwan who form a rock band that opens for a Japanese superstar.
"Cape No. 7 is the big story this year," said David Frazier, a Taiwan-based arts and film writer. "It condensed a lot of local identity issues into a very audience-friendly film." Continued...


text:
Latest 'rise of the planet of the apes 2' news
Amazing Spider-Man, Prometheus, Thor 2: May 16th Comic Reel
3 Movie News
Marc Webb talks "Amazing Spider-Man" inspiration! Noomi Rapace stars in a new "Prometheus" viral video! Chris Hemsworth expounds on Loki and Thor's relationship in "Thor 2!" Plus, "The Avengers" and more!
The Avengers, Prometheus, Kick Ass 2: April 27th Comic Reel
3 Movie News
Mark Ruffalo talks motion capture in "The Avengers!" "Not one frame" of "Prometheus" will be cut! Mark Millar gives a "Kick Ass 2" update! Plus, "The Wolverine" and more!


text:
Lush, Lively, and Laid Back!
Immersed in lush tropical vegetation on the sands of Villas del Mar beach only minutes from the pulsing nightlife of Santo Domingo, the Barcelo Capella Beach resort invites you to discover the laid-back and lively lifestyle of the Dominican Republic. This all-inclusive paradise features four pools, an amphitheatre, a bouncing nightclub, four conference rooms, and a beautiful spa. And, as if that's not enough, onsite dining includes the French gourmet cuisine of the Chez Fontaine Restaurant and the oceanside dining of Las Olas Grill. Once you're full, retire to your suite's private balcony, and soak up the panoramic Caribbean views!
- Wifi
- Restaurant Onsite
- Pets Allowed
- Property Size N/A
- Conference Facility
- Kids Allowed
- Nearby City La Puntica de Juan Dolio
- Nearby Water Caribbean
- Open Dates All Year
From breakfast, lunch, and dinner and complimentary national drinks at the bars to free entry to the nightclub and show in the amphitheater, the all-inclusive Barceló Capella Beach has you covered!
The soft sands and warm tropical waters of Villas del Mar Beach await you at Barceló Capella Beach. This seaside resort offers you all the fun of a seaside vacation and so much more.
The Dominican Republic is known for its excellent visibility, warm waters, and a wide array of submarine fauna, making it the perfect place for an underwater diving excursion! Underwater parks have been built along the coast and near Barceló Capella Beach, offering unbelievable views of shipwrecks!
Additional Information
- Basketball Court(s)
- Fitness Center
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Room Amenities
- Air Conditioning
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- Coffee Maker
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- Laundry Facilities
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- Salon
- Fitness Programs
Languages Spoken
- English
- Spanish; Castilian
Nearest Airports
- Las Américas International Airport (SDQ) / 16.6 miles
- Casa De Campo International Airport (LRM) / 33.1 miles
- La Isabela International Airport (JBQ) / 38.6 miles
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text:
By Bonnie Rogers and Bruce DeBaun
Diatomaceous earth are the remains of trillions of single celled
algae called diatoms which synthesized shells for themselves out
of silica. When the diatoms die, the shells settle on the bottom
of sea or lake beds and fossilize into a soft chalky rock like substance,
hence the name "fossilshell flour".
The D.E. particles are characterized by their irregular spiny like
shape and average from 5-20 microns in diameter. DE has been approved
by the FDA for internal and external use and has a rating of Food
Chemical Codex Grade. Its use internally or externally as a parasitical
is strictly mechanical. The microscopic sharp edges contact offending
organisms, pierce their protective coatings and cause them to dry
out and die. It has been used for many years by the agricultural
industry in direct application to the skin, in crates, enclosures,
pastures, on stored grain and fruit trees to impede tree flies,
worms and Japanese beetles.
Internally the recommended rates are: beef and dairy cattle-1%
by weight of total dry ration or free choice; chickens -5% in feed;
large dogs over 55lbs. 1 tbsp. per day, small dogs and cats 1 tsp.
per day. Recommendations include similar percentages for goats,
hogs, horses and sheep. Basically what we have here is a natural
non chemical substance with the ability to control internal intestinal
lava. The University of Illinois School of Veterinary medicine has
stated that nothing enters the meat or milk. LD/50 test shows there
is no damage to organs even when fed in much larger percentages
then needed. The Federal Registry of the U.S. Congress lists DE
as having "no tolerance" in the storage of grain. Many
vitamin companies include DE for its trace minerals The Bio-integral
Resource Center, Berkley, CA (formed in 1979 to provide practical,
nontoxic and effective alternatives to a wide variety of pest problems
in the US& Canada) concluded that DE is not a hazard as the
body can dissolve it. However, they did state Crystalline Silica
is a hazard in elevated percentages of (3%). PHD uses the lowest
(1%) silica found in any commercial deposit known, - a fresh water
variety purchased from Universal Diatoms, Albuquerque, NM..
There are by the way significant differences between mineral deposits
of DE throughout the world and manufacturers of various products
that use DE should be aware of the hazards. Different geologic periods
seem to be responsible for this phenomenon. There are some features
about DE that correspond with its ability as both a digestive aid
and a colon cleanser. The structural features of the skeletal forms
as seen under a scanning electronic microscope reveal not only sharp
protrusions but pores which have the tendency to become filled and
clogged with hard debris such as intestinal scale. It has not been
found to cause any insult to the mucosa or barrier wall. The following
field reports establish the virtues of DE as a parasitical, a digestive
aid and a container of trace mineral.
Holistically speaking, I believe that DE is a compatible natural
compound of organic origin that works harmoniously with the body
in ways that cannot (as in homeopathy) always be explained. We at
PHD are willing to take some first steps on behalf of the industry
when we feel we are reasonably sure that we can improve the wellness
of the whole animal.
EARTH TO DOGS, O.C. Collins, DVM, Midland Animal Clinic and
Hospital, Midland, Texas
In clinical observations of feeding dogs over 35 lbs. 1 tablespoon/day
and under 35 lbs. 1 teaspoon/day of diatomaceous earth, within seven
days allova disappeared from stools. Diatomaceous Earth controlled
Ascarids (Toxacara canis), Hookworms (Anclyostoma caninum), and
Whipworms (Trichuris vulipis).
EARTH TO ZOO ANIMALS, Richard Smith, Hallwood Inc., Animal
Food Specialties, Grand Rapids, Michigan
A mixture of feed incorporating 2% diatomaceous earth
was sent to two zoos for evaluation. John Ball Park of Grand Rapids,
Michigan and Brookfield Zoos of Chicago, Illinois. John Ball reported that their
black bears on the special feed showed a better coat and clearer
eyes. The primates fed at the Brookfield Zoo displayed a pronounced
improvement in both appearance and behavior. Stool samples taken
at all zoos showed an absence of any internal parasites -
adult or egg. Parasites in these animals were present prior to using
the diatomaceous earth food mixture.
EARTH TO RODENTS, Eldridge M. Burke, Ph.D. Arizona State University,
Division of Life Sciences, Tempe, Arizona.
Comparison of test and control groups of rats where test
and control groups were fed identical rations, i. E. 5 % codex food-grade
diatomaceous earth (DE). Significant differences were manifested
in weight gains. The DE tested group of males had an average weekly
gain of 6.4% over the control group of male animals. There was no
evidence observed relative to residual silica content of the test
versus control animals. NOTE: The DE apparently had some growth
stimulating effect during the early growth period. From a chemical
analysis viewpoint it becomes apparent that many of the trace elements
present are the same elements necessary for cell growth and metabolism.
A second factor that may have influenced the growth rate is the
property for the absorbability of the special grade of D.E. Although
hypothetical at this time, it may be that food was absorbed into
the surface of the diatom particles. This would assist in the enzyme
action with the result of greater products of digestion being available
to the animals.
RESULTS OF CODEX FOOD-GRADE DIATOMACEOUS EARTH FED TO HORSES, For
Winds Stables, Robert D. Horkman, Orlando, Florida
Results of feeding 5 oz. of diatomaceous earth to show
horses for a period of one year. Healthier-looking animals with
a definite sheen to their coats, absence of internal parasites,
better feed conversion, reduction in manure odor, fly control, cured
scours in cases where other medications had failed and improved
appetites in "picky eaters."
HORSE, L.Thomas, Trainer, L. Frank Roper Stables, Winter Garden,
With horses fed approximately 5 oz. of diatomaceous earth
mixed in the feed twice daily, the following results were observed:
1. Stopped scours even on horses that had not responded to any other
medications. 2. Noticeable fly reduction. 3. Horses showed an increase
in appetites. 4. Weight gain due to better feed conversion. 5. Reduction
in manure odor. 6. Elimination of any internal parasites. 7. Healthier
F. Petty, DVM, Alabama
Results were as follows: 1. No internal parasites were discovered
in the test group at any time after seven days of the DE. 2. All
hogs on DE stopped rooting and destroying the wooden feeder after
10 days. 3. By the end of the third week the odor of the test group
was noticeably less offensive than the control group. 4. At the
end of six weeks the fly population decreased markedly.
POULTRY, C.S. Mangen, DVM, San Diego, California
Using two groups of birds with each group consisting of
8,000 white leghorn caged layers in their pullet year which had
been producing for five months. After feeding the test group 60
lbs. of diatomaceous earth per 1-1/2 tons of standard mixed feed
(17% protein) for 2-1/2 months the following results were observed:
1. There appeared to be less flies around the test group. 2. Droppings
are of a drier consistency, making for easier cleaning of the house.
3. Seventy-five percent less deaths in the test group. 4. A 2-4
case per day increase in egg production by the test group compared
to the control group.
ORGAN ANALYSIS OF DAIRY COWS, Michigan Department of Agriculture,
Laboratory Division, Lansing, Michigan
Upon pathological examination of the organs of dairy cows having
been given free-choice feeding of codex food-grade diatomaceous
earth for a period of approximately five years, no visible organ
abnormalities were observed.
FIELD REPORT - FREE CHOICE FEEDING TO DAIRY CATTLE, Dairy
Herd Association Improvement Program, Hussey Farms, Litchfield Park,
Tests run on purebred Jersey dairy cows given free choice
access to codex food-grade diatomaceous earth (DE). Average intake
was three ounces per cow per day. After six months the following
results were observed: Milk production in the test group increased
over 20% with butterfat content remaining the same. Warbles problems
came to an abrupt halt. Feed assimilation improved and fly problems
were brought under control.
TO DAIRY COWS, J. S. Bunker, Bunker Farms, Mesa, Arizona
After feeding 100 dairy cows on DE for approximately one
year, the following results were noted: warbles became nonexistent;
fly nuisance almost completely disappeared; odors were almost completely
gone; cows have better hair and coat condition and have no desire
to lick soil as in the past; vet bills have been significantly reduced;
butterfat content has risen from 503 lbs. per cow to 513 lbs. per
DAIRY COWS, Daniel M. Brandt, McFarland, Wisconsin
Results from feeding 5 to 6 ounces of food-grade diatomaceous earth
to dairy herd for a period of five weeks: Butterfat tests have shown
an increase of 3.7 to 3.9; mastitis, which had been quite a severe
problem, came under control (no new cases); cows are brighter and
healthier in appearance and milk production has increased without
an appreciable increase in feed.