text:
Nexus 7k VPC connecting to Juniper MX series?
- Silver, 250 points or more
I'm in a situation where I need to link my Nexus 7k core (two 7010's running multiple VPC's) to a pair of Juniper MX-240 switch/routers.
Both devices are capable of a form of VPC - Juniper call it MC-LAG (Multi-chassis Link Aggregation), Cisco obviously call it VPC.
What I need to find out is if a VPC across the two-Nexus system will be compatible with a MC-LAG on the Juniper setup. I have VPC's working find to other Cisco devices.
As far as I can tell from the reading fo the standards I can find it *should* work, but since I'm working in production I'm very wary of making a change which would cause an issue in this.
Has anyone done this/come across this before? Anyone got any insight if it's possible?


text:
A couple years ago I wrote an article that I often still hear about today. It had to do with my tendency to take down names...in sharpie. I'm not sure when or the how the practice first started, but at some point in my life my Oprah inspired gratitude journal went to hell in a hand-basket.
More often than not, the list has been a joke more than anything else, but every once in a while, the actual list will reappear. A few months ago, it made a reappearance and since then, one by one, here and there, a name has been written down. Sometimes for me, sometimes for others, most recently for Becky.
Three weeks ago Becky called and was more than a little perturbed over the way someone had spoken to her. While I tried to sympathize, nothing I said seemed to make it better. And then I thought of the one thing that always makes me feel better...and out came the list.
"Hey, I just wrote his name on my list. Doesn't that make you feel better? It's official, in sharpie, and now karma will take care of the rest."
Later when she came by the office, I even showed it to her. "You're insane," she remarked "but it does make me feel better that his name is on it. You just better hope that list never gets stolen or that no one ever dies mysteriously on your list, because that list is going to get you locked up!"
And while the infamous list has never had more than a few names (nor led to any unexplainable deaths) when I ran across it this past Friday, it shocked me to see that the last name on there was Becky's nemesis. I had added none since and even prior to that, the ones added were few and far between.
And then it hit me, karma does work - what goes around, does come around. For the very same reason I had resurrected the sharpie and legal pad to begin with, I now have a new purpose for both.
And so it has begun... my list is now several pages long and if I tried hard enough, I could probably fill up the entire legal pad with names. When you least expect it, people will amaze you. When you don't deserve it, people will do for you when you didn't do a thing for them. When you need it most, people will give you a shout out, pat on the back, or say or do much, much more than you could have hoped for.
And one by one, I've been adding the names of those I'm grateful for to my list. I always knew my list could be a powerful thing. I just didn't know how powerful...until I decided to look at life from a completely different list. That Oprah...she really does know what she's talking about after all.
To read more of Angel and Becky's columns go to
www.wilsonlivingmagazine.com or www.wilsonpost.com.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
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Something Rarely Said To A Dog
"Happy 16th Birthday!" is something rarely said to a dog. Unfortunately it is very, very rarely said to a dog. Especially to a dog that was never cared for properly, poisoned, attacked by a dog and left to die by the garbage cans of the owners home.
A little over a year ago, a small white dog suffered a sequence of events that would have meant death to most animals. She had owners, was not a stray, but survived eating on what she could find and the meals offered to her by strangers. She wandered the neighborhood in search of food and kindness, and since she did not ever have proper care she would only drink water poured for her onto the ground or out of areas that trapped rainfall or water runoffs. She would not, no matter how much you coaxed her, drink out of a normal bowl or dish.
She happened to live next door to a family that had elderly dogs and two young ones. They had many dogs themselves, but tried to give as much care possible to their neighbor dog, after all she was kind to their dogs and was easy to like. The neighbor often scolded the owners about the dog's care. Sometimes they promised to do better, other times they ignored the suggestions and warnings and were rude.
On one particular day the little white dog was injured, it appeared she had run into the wrong dog on her journey. She had several wounds. They were not life threatening but definitely should have been attended to by her owners. A few days after, the little dog wasn't coming around and was being missed. She could be seen but didn't seem to be wanting attention and stayed off from her usual destinations.
It wasn't long after that time period that the neighbor who lived next door worried about her and went looking for her. She didn't have to look long, as she found the dog lethargic and very near death near the garbage cans of the owner. Her injuries were badly infected and were deeply and horrible taken over by maggots.
The neighbor immediately began to clean her of the maggots and then took her to the emergency vet. A blood panel revealed she was also in kidney and liver failure. The dog was not only suffering from her injuries and the effects of the maggots, but she had been poisoned. It looked as if the poor dog was going to at least die without suffering any more.
Then the neighbor called me. She didn't want to give up on the dog. She felt it was wrong what the owners had done, the life this dog had led, that she deserved a second chance. I agreed but it was not my decision to make. We talked about what she could try through diet and supplements to help the dog along with western medicine. How to make it so she could transition the care of this dog into the life she had going for her own dogs which included 4 elderly dogs all over the age of 12 who could easily be stressed by the new addition of another dog. How to also get her younger two dogs to accept yet another dog that would not welcome their puppy play. I got a call back not shortly after the first initial call, she was going to try and help her, despite being considered "stupid" by the vet she had swooped her up in a blanket and walked out the door. An appointment would be made in the morning with the family vet.
An ICU unit was basically set up for the poor dog in the home. The neighbor now declared herself the new owner. Neighbor was now "Mom" and along with "Dad" they were going to do what should have been done for this dog all along. Luckily pictures were taken of the condition of the dog when she was found by the garbage cans. If the old owners put up a stink then they would be threatened with animal neglect and cruelty. Not surprisingly they didn't notice or care. I'll save you seeing those pictures here, really they aren't important as that life is no longer a part of this dog's story.
So, neighbor family became REAL FAMILY. Neighbor dogs became "brothers and sisters" and for the first time this dog had her own bowl, her own food, her own toys and her own HOME. She no longer would kill rodents and squirrels for food, she no longer would find water from holes and cracks in the roads, she no longer would seek shade for relief from heat, and would no longer suffer being an old dog in cold weather with ice crystals hanging from her coat. She would now have the attention she craved. No longer would the neighbor's heart ache for the little dog.
D52 So, Snowball found herself in the care of nice humans. She not only recovered, she has gone on to flourish. She loves her family, loves her toys of which "Dad" is her favorite toy of all, and he is also her favorite bed. She strolls on long walks with her family of Labradors and no one would ever guess her previous life. She loves their company and snuggling up with them to sleep, but still can't understand why they like to jump into pools of water. After all, Snowball prefers her water in bowls now.
Knowing all of this, it is pretty amazing. Amazing she survived the life she did with such irresponsible owners. Amazing she survived the many dog attacks that she encountered in her life or the other horrors that stray and neglected dogs face due to neglect or at the hands of humans. Amazing that she survived her last attack or the poisoning. Amazing that someone would care enough to help this old wandering dog. Amazing someone, anyone, would go to such lengths to give a dog a chance at knowing humans and life could be kind and good. Simply amazing. Especially that this weekend she was told something that very few dogs will ever hear, "Happy 16th Birthday Snowball!". May you have many more.
Till later...woofs!
Written by Tammara Josselyn
Copyright © I-5 Publishing, LLC. All rights reserved.
Visit Catster


text: SCEE sent out some advance notice of a PSN outage in Europe via the PlayStation forum. Maintenance is scheduled on the network Thursday, December 15 from 4pm GMT (11am EST) to 2am GMT (9pm EST). No such announcement has been made for North America, but we can safely assume that the EU outage will coincide with network interruption here. Besides, the only "preparation" you have to do for such an event is not make ironclad plans to play online games or buy things from the PlayStation Store right then. If it turns out that the network doesn't go offline, just sign in and play extemporaneously. It's not going to adversely affect your life too much if this outage turns out to be EU-only, is what we're saying.


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STAGE TUBE: Trailer for MTV's Docu-Series TEEN MOM Season 4, Premiering Tonight, 6/12
MTV announced that Amber, Catelynn, Farrah and Maci will return for a powerful final season of the original TEEN MOM series with two back-to-back episodes tonight, June 12 at 10 p.m. ET/PT. These four young mothers captivated audiences when they shared their stories in the first season of "16 and Pregnant," and viewers have been along for the ride as they've navigated their teenage years and early twenties with toddlers in-tow. In their explosive final season these young women will face their toughest challenges yet, from major moves and graduations to volcanic relationships. "Teen Mom" will also air internationally on MTV channels around the world starting in October 2012, and U.S. premiere dates for "Teen Mom 2" and "Teen Mom 3" will be announced at a later date.
"We're incredibly thankful to these young women for bravely sharing their stories with our audience to help make an impact on teen pregnancy prevention," said Lauren Dolgen, Senior Vice President of Series Development, MTV. "This season will be an intense rollercoaster as we say goodbye to the cast who started it all -- since the first season of '16 and Pregnant,' millions have tuned-in to see the difficulties, joys, and sorrows these young mothers have faced."
In their final season, each mom struggles to move forward as they face the ups and downs that come with growing up and being a young parent. Farrah strives to be independent, and surprises her parents when she decides to bring her daughter Sophia with her when she moves to Florida. Thousands of miles away from home, Farrah is faced with the reality of raising her child without her parents' help while trying to finish school and build a romantic relationship.
Two years after choosing adoption for their daughter Carly, Catelynn and her fiancé Tyler continue to deal with the impact of their decision. As they prepare for graduation, they are surprised with an emotional second visit with their daughter and her adoptive parents. Meanwhile, one of the biggest opponents of the adoption, Tyler's father Butch, continues to battle his addictions and moves in with Tyler and Catelynn following his release from jail.
After dealing with intense emotional struggles, events escalate and Amber enters rehab. Although she tries to heal herself and find balance, her anxiety heightens as she worries that her daughter Leah will forget her while she's gone. Her relationship with Gary continues to be turbulent, but they try to work on their issues in hopes of keeping their family together.
Meanwhile, Maci's relationship with her son's father, Ryan, continues to be tumultuous. She finds co-parenting increasingly difficult, and it doesn't help that Ryan has a new girlfriend, Dalis. At the same time, her relationship with Kyle intensifies as they have their first big fight. Additionally, Maci struggles to cut the apron strings as she enrolls Bentley in daycare.
The teen birth rate recently dropped 9 percent, marking the steepest decline in over 60 years. However, more than 700,000 teenage girls in the U.S. still become pregnant each year and one out of every ten children in the U.S. is born to a teenage mother. The vast majority of these pregnancies are unintended. In a recent poll by the National Campaign to Prevent Teen and Unplanned Pregnancy, 77 percent of teens age 12-19 that have seen "16 and Pregnant" and "Teen Mom" say the shows "help teens better understand the challenges of pregnancy and parenting."
"We applaud MTV and Teen Mom for helping young people better understand the profound challenges of too-early pregnancy and parenthood," said Amy Kramer, Senior Director, Entertainment Media, The National Campaign to Prevent Teen and Unplanned Pregnancy. "The show truly is sex education for the 21st century."
More information about sexual health issues affecting young people, including unintended pregnancy, is available at http://www.itsyoursexlife.com/, a public information resource developed by MTV and the Kaiser Family Foundation. The National Campaign to Prevent Teen and Unplanned Pregnancy is working with the show to provide additional information.


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For the first time in my life I don't have the lower ab hanging over. After kids it started looking like a mushroom. I'm 9 months PO and I'm finally feeling good.
Recovery was very tough. I still hurt when I cough, sneeze or stretch. I still don't sleep through the night because it hurts when I roll over. It's all worth it. My husband say's my stomach is as flat as a teenager's.
It's awsome and everyone say's I'm not the same person I was 9 months ago. Would do it again even with the pain and lousy recovery!


text:
Galaxy: 59-41 to federal Coalition in Queensland
Galaxy follows up Saturday's state poll with federal voting intention results for Queensland, painting the usual grim picture for Labor.
May 26, 2013
Galaxy follows up Saturday's state poll with federal voting intention results for Queensland, painting the usual grim picture for Labor.
GhostWhoVotes reports the Galaxy poll of 800 Queensland respondents which gave us state results on Saturday now brings us federal results, indicating a 59-41 Coalition lead in the state from a swing of about 4%. This compares with a 55-45 result in the last such poll in February, which seemed a little favourable to Labor at the time. On the primary vote, Labor is down five to 28% and the Coalition is steady on 46%.
There has also been Queensland state polling over the weekend from Galaxy and ReachTEL, which you can read all about here.
UPDATE: Essential Research has Labor down a point on the primary vote to 34%, with the Coalition and the Greens steady on 48% and 8%. Two-party preferred is unchanged at 55-45. Other questions find Joe Hockey leading Wayne Swan as more trusted to handle the economy 37-28, out from 35-32 before the budget; 43% believing Tony Abbott should accept the Gonski reforms against 34% who favour the existing model; 51% saying climate change is caused by humans against 35% opting for normal fluctuation; support on opposition for carbon pricing tied at 43% all, the most favourable result yet recorded; 39% favouring it against 29% for the Liberals' direct action policy (at least with respect to the policies as described in the question); and only 26% believing Tony Abbott will fulfill his promise to remove both the mining and carbon taxes while keeping the carbon tax compensation measures.
The weekly Morgan multi-mode poll has Labor up 1.5% to 33.5%, the Coalition steady on 45.5% and the Greens down half a point to 9.5%. Both respondent allocated and previous election two-party preferred measures have shifted from 55-45 to 54.5-45.5, providing further evidence that Morgan's new methodology has resolved the inexplicable discrepancy between these measures which bedevilled the old face-to-face series (as well as its Labor bias).
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text:
So you have started a small club night in your town to showcase your DJing, and you want to book guest DJs to play at it alongside you. Today we're going to look at some of the dos and don'ts when it comes to hiring in DJs
How To Book Guest DJs For Your Club Night, Part 1
October 31, 2012 by 13 Comments
How To DJ Warm Up Sets (And When To Break The Rules)
September 25, 2012 by 19 Comments
To DJ warm-up sets, you need to know the rules. Find out how to DJ warm-up sets, what warm-up DJs are expected to do, and when you can ignore the rule book...
What It's Like To Work As A Cruise Ship DJ
September 21, 2012 by 46 Comments
I've DJed on three cruise ships for four separate stints as a "celebrity guest DJ". For me, it's been a great experience to travel the world and meet people from so many different places. This week - in part one of this two-part guide - I'm going to reveal for you in detail what it's like to be a cruise ship DJ.


text:
Paul has endorsed you! Linkedin's latest feature
Three weeks ago, Linkedin, the professional networking site, began to aggressively market skills endorsement. They are a nimbler form of recognising individuals than the clumsier, and at times questionable, recommendations.
For people who do not have a Linkedin profile or do not use it much, Linkedin has been displaying a blue box encouraging you to endorse specific skills of the person whose profile you are viewing. Sensibly, Linkedin is only displaying this message on first level connections.
Once an endorsement is made, Linkedin generates an e-mail message to the mailbox of the person endorsed, giving them the opportunity to add skills. These endorsements go straight to the skills section of the endorsed user.
The user can remove skills and hide endorsements from specific Linkedin users.
The skills section is not new to Linkedin profiles. However, it has (up till now) been less populated than work experience and education. User profiles can contain up to 50 skills.
Given the current in-your-face marketing and ease of use, this innovation will go viral. With no opportunity to opt out of the skills endorsement programme, expect that there is no turning back on this feature.
This addition enhances Linkedin's Hiring Solutions service, which offers enhanced data-mining and targeted campaigning functionality to recruiters within agencies and internal recruitment teams.
The Hiring Solutions segment accounts for just over 50 per cent of all the company's revenue and has been the fastest growing revenue source.
The implication of this new feature for recruiters is obvious. This new feature significantly improves Linkedin users' profiles, adding a dimension which is not present in any other social media space and even less so in the soon-obsolete CV. Endorsements, although not anonymous, will provide any recruiter with some interesting insights, especially as numbers grow.
Endorsements will be for Linkedin users what online reviews are for restaurants. Although Linkedin endorsements do not allow for negative ratings, I am sure we will soon see the emergence of endorsement per connections ratios, giving profile viewers an understanding of the meaningfulness of these endorsements.
This new Linkedin feature is an added benefit for cutting-edge recruiters who already enjoy the benefits of an online applicant tracking system which integrates with Linkedin.
This feature's beauty is that any candidates applying through a Linkedin-friendly ATS, such as the Careerpassport platform, will have their skill endorsements updated to the ATS database in real time. This will give them the facility to mine more relevant data from one well-organised and up-to-date database faster, greatly facilitating the recruitment process.
As endorsements increase, the expectation is that we will see the long tail taking shape (a restricted number of highly endorsed skills followed by numerous limitedly endorsed skills). The implication to job seekers is that they cannot easily change the focus of their online profile, depending on the job they are applying for.
The long-tail effect will also entrench a long-held conviction that professional recruiters have – people excel only in a limited number of areas, something which targeted CVs aim to disguise.
Linkedin endorsements will not determine hiring decisions but it will certainly translate into candidates not being approached/asked for an interview because of these endorsements.
A sensible thing all Linkedin users should do is to ensure that they have the skills clearly defining their strengths listed in their profile.
Of course, skills endorsement will not replace a strong recruitment methodology, well sharpened interviewing skills, and other assessment tools. But Linkedin endorsements are not a fad and are here to stay.
Few would have thought that back in 2002, people would publicly put their CV online for all to see. However, today Linkedin has over 175 million members in 200 countries and adding two every second (as at last June 30).
This feature will follow the same growth path.
Innovations within the social media space will continue to shape and change the way companies and candidates connect to each other. Get ready to embrace this change.
Mr Said is managing director of Konnekt, the recruitment firm.
See our Comments Policy Comments are submitted under the express understanding and condition that the editor may, and is authorised to, disclose any/all of the above personal information to any person or entity requesting the information for the purposes of legal action on grounds that such person or entity is aggrieved by any comment so submitted. Please allow some time for your comment to be moderated.


text:
Model students set to take on the world
Education Reporter
Page Tools
Jessica Rae, left, and Sonja Hornung recorded perfect IB scores.
Photo: Joe Armao
Victoria has recorded its best International Baccalaureate results, with 10 students from seven schools achieving perfect scores in the VCE alternative.
For the second consecutive year, Victorian schools topped the country in perfect scores. Nationwide, a record 15 students obtained the maximum IB mark.
Presbyterian Ladies College school captain Jessica Rae said it was "really surreal" when she learnt she had received the highest possible diploma result. "When it (the IB) got really tough I thought maybe I should have done the VCE, but I'm glad I didn't," the 18-year-old said.
The IB diploma is offered at more than 1200 schools in 117 countries, with 567 Victorian students taking the exams last year. IB Australasian regional representative Greg Valentine said the results for 2004 were "quite remarkable".
In the previous year, there were just 63 perfect scores among 60,000 students worldwide, including six from Victoria.
"It doesn't matter whether you're doing the VCE or HSC or IB, you don't get these sorts of scores without real application," he said. A perfect IB score of 45 is equivalent to an ENTER of 99.95. The previous records for perfect scores in Victoria and Australia were eight and 12.
The IB diploma, which is offered at 13 Victorian schools, is a two-year pre-university course that includes languages, humanities, experimental sciences, mathematics and arts. Students must also complete a 4000-word extended essay and 150 hours' community work.
With its international recognition, the IB attracts students pursuing education options overseas, such as Marina Lou, 18, who has applied to Harvard and Yale universities in the US, and the UK's Cambridge University.
"I want to study international law in regards to human rights, and hopefully this means I will be able to do that," said Marina, one of two students at the Kilmore International School to obtain a perfect mark.
Other IB graduates who achieved a perfect score were: Sudhir Raskutti, Carey Baptist Grammar School; Kin Seng Choo, Geelong Grammar School; Rahul Khanna, Ivanhoe Grammar School; Jacqueline Chen, Kilmore International School; Wanchen Huo, Lauriston Girls' School; Sonja Hornung, Presbyterian Ladies College and Eamonn Hortle and Anna Ko from Tintern Schools.
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text:
Member since 9/6/2012
- 1 total post
- 1 question
Questions from meawooon
Silicone Implants in My Face Are Uneven. Want Them Removed?
I Have Silicon Implant in my Face: to Augument Squezed Cheeks, but Doctor Has Malpracticed and It Look Ugly Now. Right cheek is more augumented and left is half augumented....... READ MORE


text:
2011 Detroit Auto Show: Media Architecture At The Toyota/Lexus Stand
Both brands blended physical display elements with content to create eye catching stand designs.
Over the past couple of years, we've seen giant video displays become a standard component of most every booth at auto shows. This year, Toyota and Lexus created dimensional architectural elements out of LED displays. The massive installations featured content programmed to wrap around corners and move from vertical walls to the floor.
Lexus installed a video pathway in the floor which led back to an entire room wrapped with displays. Images covered the floor, walls and ceiling. It was slightly disorienting standing in the room at first but the scale of the space attracted a lot of attention.
Toyota created a sculptural video pillar which served as a backdrop to their Prius vehicles. The huge display spanned from floor to ceiling in Cobo Hall. Text and graphics moved up the column and radiated out along the suspended ceiling elements.


text:
Looks like Kickstarter can actually benefit an important movie, not just a Zach Braff throwaway or Veronica Mars reunion. Filmmaker-journalist Sebastian Junger used the crowd-sourcing website to get his new documentary Korengal — a sequel to the Oscar nominated Afghan War study Restrepo — into a limited number of U.S. theaters including AMC Veterans 24 in Tampa, starting Friday. Korengal examines the psychological toll of battle on members of Battle Company's 2nd Platoon, the soldiers featured in Restrepo. A Q&A session follows Friday's 8 p.m. showing with Battle Company veterans including Largo resident Marc Bryan Solowski, who appears in Restrepo and Korengal. Junger co-directed Restrepo with photojournalist Tim Hetherington, who was killed in 2011 while covering the Libyan civil war. Junger personally financed Korengal's production then turned to Kickstarter to cover distribution costs. "It turns out, releasing a film theatrically is both a logistical nightmare and an enormous economic burden," said Junger on Kickstarter. Tickets for Korengal are available at the Veterans 24 box office and fandango.com. — Steve Persall, Times movie critic
'Korengal,' sequel to Afghan film 'Restrepo,' opens in Tampa
© 2017 Tampa Bay Times


text:
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Thursday, October 11, 2012 at 04:46AM
The vet said it could take 12 hours before it started working, which will be around 11 so I've got a little while longer to go before it kicks in if that's accurate. I was getting worried earlier that maybe he was having a bad reaction to it due to how he was acting even though it hasn't been 12 hours yet. It's all just so confusing because I feel I don't know the right things to do for him and what if I make a wrong choice. I could have given him another pain medicine while we were waiting on the patch to kick in, but it must be taken with food and he won't eat anything.
At least he's sleeping for the moment until everyone comes in from picking up our last house guest from the airport. Then he'll be all worked up and awake again...such bad timing to have company.
Sorry to run on about it, even if nobody reads it I think it helps for me to get it out.
Byron,GA> Charleston, SC> Jacksonville, FL> Guilford, CT> Rohnert Park, CA! A southern drawl in sunny Cali! .
The amount of time from slipping on the peel and landing on the pavement is exactly one bananosecond.
I do have a secret yen for pink in unexpected places.
ninja dog
I've decided that I'll never get down to my original weight, and I'm OK with that--After all, 8 pounds 2 oz. is just not realistic.


text:
Zork I Atari ST cover art
|Personal Software
|Tim Anderson
Marc Blank
Dave Lebling
Bruce Daniels
|PDP-10, Atari 8-bit, C64, CP/M, TRS-80, IBM PC, Apple II, Amiga, Amstrad CPC, Amstrad PCW, Macintosh, Atari ST, MS-DOS, NEC PC-9801, MSX, PlayStation, Sega Saturn, TI-99/4A
1980 (Zork I)
1981 (Zork II)
1982 (Zork III)
|Text adventure
Zork is one of the earliest interactive fiction computer games, with roots drawn from the original genre game, Colossal Cave Adventure. The first version of Zork was written between 1977 and 1979 using the MDL programming language on a DEC PDP-10 computer.[1][2] The authors—Tim Anderson, Marc Blank, Bruce Daniels, and Dave Lebling—were members of the MIT Dynamic Modelling Group.[3]
When Zork was published commercially, it was split up into three games: Zork: The Great Underground Empire - Part I (later known as Zork I), Zork II: The Wizard of Frobozz, and Zork III: The Dungeon Master.[4]
Zork distinguished itself in its genre as an especially rich game, in terms of both the quality of the storytelling and the sophistication of its text parser, which was not limited to simple verb-noun commands ("hit troll"), but recognized some prepositions and conjunctions ("hit the troll with the Elvish sword").[5]
- 1 Story
- 2 Commands
- 3 Development
- 4 Releases
- 5 Reception
- 6 Legacy
- 7 See also
- 8 References
- 9 Further reading
- 10 External links
Zork is set in "the ruins of an ancient empire lying far underground". The player is a nameless adventurer "who is venturing into this dangerous land in search of wealth and adventure". The goal is to return from exploring the "Great Underground Empire" (GUE, for short) alive and with all treasures needed to complete each adventure,[6] ultimately inheriting the title of Dungeon Master. The dungeons are stocked with many novel creatures, objects, and locations, among them the ferocious but light-fearing grues, zorkmids (the GUE's currency), and Flood Control Dam #3—all of which are referenced by subsequent Infocom text adventures.
FrobozzCo International is a fictional monopolistic conglomerate from the game.[6] FrobozzCo products are littered throughout all Zork games, often to humorous effect.
Several treasures and locations in Zork suggest that there used to be a large aristocratic family called the Flatheads, which had twelve kings (an author named Boswell Barwell wrote a book called "The Lives of the Twelve Flatheads") who reigned supreme over the GUE.[6] Some Flatheads are named after historical figures; for example, in Zork II, one treasure is a portrait of "J. Pierpont Flathead".
In each game, there are several light sources the player can pick up and use, among them a battery-powered brass lantern and a pair of candles, which both have a limited lifespan, as well as a torch that never expires. The player must be carrying at least one light source at all times when exploring the dark areas of the games,[6] or else, if he or she continues navigating through the dark, the player will be caught and devoured by a carnivorous grue, ending the adventure in defeat. The exception to this rule occurs when the player must use a spray can of grue repellent to navigate dark areas requiring an empty inventory in order to traverse.
The original MIT version of Zork (also called Dungeon) combines plot elements from all three of the following games, which were made available for commercial sale.
Zork I: The Great Underground Empire[edit]
The game takes place in the Zork calendar year 948 GUE (although the passage of time is not notable in gameplay). The player steps into the deliberately vague role of an "adventurer". The game begins near a white house in a small, self-contained area. Although the player is given little instruction, the house provides an obvious point of interest.
When the player enters the house, it yields a number of intriguing objects, including a brass, battery-powered lantern, an empty trophy case, and an Elvish sword of great antiquity. Beneath the rug a trap door leads down into a dark cellar, which is revealed to be one of several entrances to a vast subterranean land known as the Great Underground Empire. The player soon encounters dangerous creatures, including deadly grues who only prey on their victims in the dark, an axe-wielding troll, a giant cyclops who cowers at the mention of Odysseus, and a nimble-fingered thief who makes mapping the maze difficult by removing or scattering any items that the player might drop to leave a trail.
The ultimate goal of Zork I is to collect the Twenty Treasures of Zork and install them in the trophy case. Finding the treasures requires solving a variety of puzzles such as the navigation of two complex mazes and some intricate manipulations at Flood Control Dam #3.[7][8]
Placing all of the treasures into the trophy case scores the player 350 points and grants the rank of "Master Adventurer." An ancient map with further instructions then magically appears in the trophy case. These instructions provide access to a stone barrow. The entrance to the barrow is the end of Zork I and the beginning of Zork II.[9]
There are 28 ways for the player to die.[10][11] It is possible to score all 350 points in 223 moves (and win the game completely in 228 moves)[12] by exploiting a bug.
Zork II: The Wizard of Frobozz[edit]
The player begins in the Barrow from Zork I armed only with the trusty brass lantern and the elvish sword of great antiquity from before. The objective of the game is not initially clear.
The Wizard of Frobozz is soon introduced. The wizard was once a respected enchanter, but when his powers began to fade he was exiled by Lord Dimwit Flathead. Now bordering on senility, the wizard is still a force to be reckoned with. The player's goal in the wizard's realm is to avoid his capricious tricks and to learn to control his magic.
Zork II has two notoriously[citation needed] difficult puzzles: the Bank puzzle, in which the player must figure out how to walk through several bank walls in order to figure out how to get out of bank with the loot from the vault without tripping the security alarm; and the Oddly-Angled Room, a diamond-shaped room filed with panes of glass representing baseball bases. The player must figure out how to traverse the diamond in order to open a door that will lead to the game's finale.
Like its predecessor, Zork II is essentially a treasure hunt. Unlike the previous game, the ten treasures are tied together by a crude plot. Finding the treasures does not end the game, nor are all the treasures needed to finish the game. Instead, the adventurer must figure out a way to use the treasures in order to reach the game's finale.
Zork III: The Dungeon Master[edit]
The player begins at the bottom of the Endless Stair from Zork II.
Zork III is somewhat less of a straightforward treasure hunt than previous installments. Instead, the player—in the role of the same "adventurer" played in Zork I and Zork II—must demonstrate worthiness to assume the role of the Dungeon Master.
The player must get past the Guardians of Zork, with the complete garb of the Dungeon Master, and then endure a final test. The player must be wearing the amulet (found at the bottom of the lake), the cloak and hood (received when the player chooses to look under the hood of the vanquished opponent in the Land of Shadow rather than deal the final blow), the staff (received from the man at the Cliff for helping him retrieve the chest of valuables; attacking the man in any way or trying to take the valuables from him inevitably breaks the staff), the strange key (found in the Key Room when the player uses the grue repellent (from Zork II) to get past the dark places), the royal ring (retrieved from the Royal Museum by using the gold machine to travel back to the year 776 GUE), and the black book (found in the Royal Puzzle).
Unlike Zork I and Zork II there is a time-sensitive event, an earthquake which is randomly triggered about 130 turns into gameplay. The player must retrieve the key before the earthquake (when the Aqueduct is broken, leaving no escape route from the Key Room) and can't complete the Royal Puzzle or retrieve the ring until after the earthquake (when the unopenable Great Door breaks). Also unlike the previous two Zork games, the lantern is of little relevance. It is needed only to walk through the dark areas of the Junction, Creepy Crawl and Foggy Room at the beginning of the game (often done after completing the Land of Shadow, Cliff, and Flathead Ocean—saying "Hello, Sailor" to the Viking yields an invisibility vial—tasks). Another light source, the torch from the Scenic Vista, is used to retrieve the repellent from Zork II and deposit it in the Damp Passage via the teleportation table to provide a light source for the return journey after retrieving the key.
Once the player has all the items, they must give the waybread to the elderly man in the Engravings Room, who reveals himself as the Dungeon Master once fed, to find the doorway leading to the final hallway. Here the "elvish sword of great antiquity" is used to block the beam in the Beam Room. Next the adventurer must get through the Guardians of Zork. This can either be accomplished by using the complicated Mirror Box or by simply drinking the invisibility potion in the vial from the Flathead Ocean. When the player knocks on the Dungeon Master's door he will only open it if the player is fully equipped (see above). He then tells the adventurer that he will obey their commands and follow them to help solve the final puzzle. The corridors lead to a parapet which overlooks the fiery cells. Reading the book here reveals a map of "The Dungeon and Treasury of Zork" which has 8 cells, one of which with a bronze door that leads to the Treasury of Zork. The eight positions of the dial in the parapet correspond to the 8 cells. The adventurer must use trial and error at this point to summon the cell with the bronze door and have the dungeon master return it to its original position by replacing it with any other cell. The key will now unlock the door revealing the Treasury of Zork, which contains the wealth of the Great Underground Empire as well as a controlling share in FrobozzCo International. After this victorious discovery, the Dungeon Master appears and transforms the player into a duplicate of himself, signifying the player's succession to his position.
Steve Meretzky said in 1984 that "the worst bug that ever got out was in Zork III"; having the sword during the last puzzle makes the game unwinnable. "We call things like that our 'fatal errors'; we caught that one relatively early on", he said.[13]
In the Zork games, the player is not limited to verb-noun commands, such as "take lamp", "open mailbox", and so forth. Instead, the parser supports more sophisticated sentences such as "put the lamp and sword in the case", "look under the rug", and "drop all except lantern".[14] The game understands many common verbs, including "take", "drop", "examine", "attack", "climb", "open", "close", "count", and many more. The games also support commands to the game directly (rather than taking actions within the fictional setting of the game) such as "save" and "restore", "script" and "unscript" (which begin and end a text transcript of the game text), "restart", and "quit".[6]
Colossal Cave[edit]
The first adventure game, Colossal Cave Adventure, had been written by Will Crowther in FORTRAN on the DEC PDP-10 at BBN in 1975. Colossal Cave was a basic treasure hunt that took place in an analog of Mammoth Cave. The game used a simple two-word parser that became a common staple of later games in the genre. The game was quickly copied around the PDP community, where it was found on the Stanford University machine by Don Woods in 1976. Woods contacted Crowther and received his blessing to make an improved version. This was soon found on many machines, including the PDP-10 systems at MIT.[15]
Zork and Dungeon[edit]
Dave Lebling recalled that after Colossal Cave reached MIT's Laboratory for Computer Science, "For a couple of weeks, dozens of people were playing the game and feeding each other clues ... Everyone was asking you in the hallway if you had gotten past the snake yet." In the spring of 1977, wanting to play more such games—and believing that they could improve on Colossal Cave—Lebling, Marc Blank, and Tim Anderson decided to write one in MDL (referred to as "muddle")[13] on their PDP-10 running the ITS operating system. Muddle was a LISP-based system that provided powerful string manipulation, so while the two games were similar in that they used text commands for input and were essentially based on exploration, Zork was much more advanced technically, allowing longer and more specific commands. Zork also used a completely new map that was designed in multiple areas with their own stories and self-contained puzzles, whereas Cave was purely exploratory. While Colossal Cave has been referred to as a simulation of Mammoth Cave, Zork has been referred to as a simulation of Colossal Cave,[16] but much sophisticated; The Boston Globe in 1984 stated that "Zork bore about the same relationship to Adventure as the splashiest arcade games do to the little white light that bounced through the primitive Pong".[13]
By the summer of 1977 the game was runnable, although only about one-half its final 1 MB size. The team, now referring to themselves as the "imps" (presumably, short for "implementers"), continued to add new sections to the map throughout the summer. The game initially ran only on ITS, but a port of muddle to TENEX was available, which they further adapted to run on TOPS-20 after they were granted an account on a machine running it. This version was made widely available as users copied it about the early ARPANET, and a mailing list dedicated to the game soon appeared. Over the fall the final sections of the game were added, along with the D&D-inspired combat system, and the game was essentially complete.[17] The imps continued working on the game over the next year, adding further areas and puzzles, with major development completed by the fall of 1978. The last addition was not made until February 1979, but development continued on bug fixes and touchups, with the last mainframe release in January 1981.[17]
The word "Zork" is a nonsense word, often used by MIT hackers as the name for any unfinished program until they were ready to be installed on the system.[13][1][18][19] With the game complete, in 1978 the team renamed the game Dungeon. By this time the game was already quite popular and becoming relatively well known in gaming circles. Some time in 1978 the developers received notice from Tactical Studies Rules (TSR), the publishers of Dungeons and Dragons, who claimed the game violated their copyrights. To avoid any legal wrangling, they changed the name back to Zork.[17][20]
Fortran port[edit]
While being developed at DM, the game's source code was protected by encrypting the files and patching the machine's copy of ITS to not allow access to the directory containing the source code. One enterprising MIT hacker was able to re-patch the OS to allow access to the directory. He copied the source directory to a TOPS-20 machine and began trying every possible password until the files were readable. Bob Supnik, a programmer from Digital Equipment Corporation, used the decrypted source to create a Fortran IV port, which allowed the game to run on the smaller PDP-11.[4][21] Bob released his version in January 1978.[22]
As Fortran compilers were available on practically every computer of the era, new versions were soon available on many platforms. The source for these versions were taken in the era when the original game was still known as Dungeon, and they all retained this name as they were ported about. For this reason, through 1978 the game was known under both names, and versions with the Dungeon name remained for years.[17][20]
The Fortran version of Dungeon was widely available on DEC VAXes, being one of the most popular items distributed by DECUS.[18] It went through multiple modifications both to incorporate more features from the original and to track changes in the MDL version. In the late 1980s, the Fortran version was extensively rewritten for VAX Fortran and became fully compatible with the last MDL release. It had one extra joke: an apparent entrance to the Mill (a reference to DEC's headquarters) that was, in fact, impassable.
It also had a gdt command (game debugging technique, a reference to the DDT debugger) which enabled the player to move any object (including the player) to any room. Use of gdt required answering a random question requiring deep knowledge of the game. The game's response to a wrong answer ("A booming voice says 'Wrong, cretin!' and you notice that you have turned into a pile of dust") appears in many "fortune cookie" databases.
The Fortran version was also included in the distribution media for some Data General operating systems. It was used as an acceptance test to verify that the OS had been correctly installed. Being able to compile, link, and run the program demonstrated that all of the run-time libraries, compiler, and link editor were installed in the correct locations.
Infocom forms[edit]
In 1979 three of the four original imps founded Infocom as a general programming firm.[17] Two other members of the DM team, Joel Berez and Marc Blank, had both moved to Pittsburgh and kept in touch, considering the future of Zork. When they heard of the formation of Infocom, they contacted them and convinced them it was possible to sell Zork commercially on the emerging home computer platforms. However, these systems generally did not have a Fortran compiler, and definitely not MDL, and used floppy disk systems storing around 180 kB, or even using cassette tapes for storage.[4]
To solve the language problem, Berez and Blank came up with the idea of having their own computer programming language known as "Zork Implementation Language", or "ZIL", which would run within a virtual machine known as the Z-machine. The Z-machine would be ported to various platforms in shells known as the "Z-machine Interpreter Program" or ZIP. Using rented time on a TOPS-20 machine, they built the first ZIP during 1979.[4]
To solve the problem of storage space, they first considered using data compression, and later decided to simply remove sections of the game until it would fit on a floppy disk. Dave Lebling drew a circle on the Zork map so it contained about half of the original map, about 100 or so locations including everything above ground and a large section surrounding the Round Room. The rest would be used for future versions. The map was modified in a number of places to clean it up and make it more logical, as well as sealing off locations that formerly led to areas of the map that were now being left out.[4]
Berez and Blank moved back to Boston, and Berez became the president of the company. The new game was running on TOPS-20 ZIP and a new PDP-11 version of the Z-machine by the end of 1979. They then purchased a TRS-80, where Scott Cutler brought up a ZIP early in 1980. The team began looking for ways to market the game and turned to Personal Software (PS), the distributors of VisiCalc and likely the first software distribution firm for micros. They demonstrated Zork in February, an agreement was arranged in June, and sales began in December.
Sales begin[edit]
PS had no interest in the PDP-11 version, so Infocom retained the distribution rights. This became the first official sale for Infocom in November 1980, when a copy was shipped out on 8-inch floppy along with a hand-copied version of the manual. Sales of the TRS-80 version though PS followed the next month, selling 1500 copies over the next nine months. Bruce Daniels' Apple II version began sales in February 1981 and PS sold 6000 copies by September.[4]
As soon as Zork began shipping, Lebling began converting the remaining half of the map to ZIL. However, this was eventually broken into two parts, both modified from the original, to be released as Zork II and Zork III.[4] While Zork I is very similar to the first half of the original game, the sequels are very different from the second half; for example, in II the player cannot return to the white house.[23] Zork II was offered to PS in April and licensed in June 1981, but by this time Infocom had grown concerned about PS's commitment to the game. Although Infocom was not privy to this fact, sales of VisiCalc were so strong that PS was starting the process of dropping other titles and becoming VisiCorp. Infocom took over distribution in October and set up their own supply chain, releasing both the renamed Zork I and Zork II in November 1981.[4]
Through 1982 the company completed the port of Zork III while also writing new ZIPs for Commodore 64, the Commodore Plus/4, the Atari 8-bit family, the CP/M systems, and the IBM PC. The entire line was released on these platforms when Zork III shipped in the fall of 1982.[4]
Later ports[edit]
When Zork became a commercial product at Infocom, Infocom agreed that if an Infocom copyright notice was put on the Fortran version, noncommercial distribution would be allowed. This Fortran version, and C translations thereof, have been included in several Linux distributions.
The original version of Zork I was published by Personal Software in 1980[19] for the TRS-80 and was simply called Zork, but Infocom later handled the distribution of that game and their subsequent games.[4] The Personal Software version was distributed in clear plastic bags containing only the game disk and a 36-page booklet.[20] Infocom's first "self-published" version of Zork I was in the so-called "Folio" format which included a single piece of paper describing how to run the game. The feelies noted below were only introduced when Zork I was re-released in the "Grey box" format.[citation needed]
Zork I was one of five Infocom games that were re-released in Solid Gold format with in-game hints.[citation needed]
There is also an abridged version, called Mini-Zork I, dated November 24, 1987. It was released free of charge as a promotion.[citation needed]
A German language version was developed, but never released. An unfinished version of this story file, dated January 13, 1988, has made its way into public circulation. The German is evidently non-native, containing many spelling and grammar errors. It is known that Jeff O'Neill worked on this version.[citation needed]
A remastered version of Zork I: The Great Underground Empire (
The Zork series was very successful. Infocom sold more than 250,000 copies of the three games by 1984[13] and more than 680,000 copies through 1986, or about one third of Infocom's total game sales.[24]
Zork I[edit]
Zork I was the best-selling game of 1982, with 32,000 copies sold by the first half of that year;[25][26] almost 100,000 copies in 1983;[27] more than 150,000 copies in 1984, comprising more than 20% of Infocom's sales that year;[28] and a total of 378,987 copies by 1986.[24] Based on sales and market-share data, Video magazine listed Zork I fifth on its list of best selling video games in both February[29] and March 1985,[30] and II Computing listed it fourth on the magazine's overall list of top Apple II software as of October–November 1985, and first on the games list.[31] Zork I's sales surprised Infocom by rising, not falling, over time; many dealers sold the game as an essential accessory to those purchasing new computers,[28] including the DEC Rainbow, TI Professional, and others that most people did not see as game machines.[32]
BYTE declared in 1981 that "No single advance in the science of Adventure has been as bold and exciting" as Zork. The magazine praised the sophisticated parser and quality of writing, stating, "That the program is entertaining, eloquent, witty, and precisely written is almost beside the point ... Zork can be felt and touched—experienced, if you will—through the care and attention to detail the authors have rendered." It concluded, "Somebody, please, let me know when [the sequel is] done."[5] Jerry Pournelle wrote in the magazine in 1983 that he played the game with his sons, stating that "If you liked Adventure and wanted more after you solved the Colossal Cave, I guarantee you'll love Zork".[33] 80 Micro called Zork "complicated and sophisticated ... a joy to play". It praised the documentation ("Take it from a rank amateur; these instructions are clear and easy to follow"), and wondered if the game could be solved because "the program lets you do pretty much what you want to do, even if the consequences are much less than desirable, it leaves open marvelous opportunities". The magazine concluded by hoping that "we can expect a second part sometime soon".[34] The Addison-Wesley Book of Atari Software 1984 gave the game an overall A+ rating, calling it "THE definitive adventure game".[23]
In 1992, Computer Gaming World added Zork I to its Hall of Fame, waiving the normal criteria "in favor of honoring this venerable classic."[35] In 1996, the magazine named Zork the 13th best game ever. The editors wrote, "This seminal Infocom text adventure combined challenging puzzles, wonderful descriptive prose, and a touch of humor to create a rich universe that existed not in SVGA graphics, but within your head."[36] On March 12, 2007, The New York Times reported that it was named to a list of the ten most important video games of all time, the so-called game canon.[37] The Library of Congress took up a video game preservation proposal and began with the games from this list, including Zork.[38][39][40]
Zork II[edit]
Zork II sold 173,204 copies by 1986.[24] Softline praised the game's well-balanced mix of humor, wit, and wry puns". The magazine warned of its difficulty, but concluded that "Zork II is recommended to any novice or master adventurer who wants a feeling of satisfaction upon completion of a well-thought-out and imaginative adventure".[41] PC Magazine stated that "Zork II's appeal is universal" and that the game was "a challenge. It is interesting, difficult, frustrating, and most of all, enjoyable. For those who have plenty of time, the game is endlessly amusing".[42] The Addison-Wesley Book of Atari Software 1984 gave the game an overall A+ rating, stating that it "has the same outstanding command flexibility, wry humor, and word recognition of Zork".[23]
Zork III[edit]
Zork III sold 129,232 copies by 1986. [24] Creative Computing's reviewer wrote that "in my opinion, Zork III is the best of the series".[43] The Addison-Wesley Book of Atari Software 1984 gave the game an overall A+ rating, calling it "perhaps the most entertaining of the three" and with "an unexpected and novel twist" in the ending. The book concluded that "Zork III represents a highwater mark for subtlety and logic, and is a Four Star must".[23] K-Power rated Zork III 8 out of 10, calling it "the most intelligent text game for a microcomputer that we've ever seen".[44]
The Enchanter trilogy:
- Enchanter (1983, Infocom)
- Sorcerer (1984, Infocom)
- Spellbreaker (1985, Infocom)
Games that take place somewhere in the Zork universe:
- Wishbringer: The Magick Stone of Dreams (1985, Infocom)
The Zork Anthology comprises the original Zork Trilogy plus:
- Beyond Zork: The Coconut of Quendor (1987, Infocom)
- Zork Zero: The Revenge of Megaboz (1988, Infocom)
The Zork Quest series:
- Zork Quest: Assault on Egreth Castle (1988, Infocom, interactive computer comic book)
- Zork Quest: The Crystal of Doom (1989, Infocom, interactive computer comic book)
After a five-year hiatus, the following games were produced:
- Return to Zork (1993, Infocom/Activision)
- The Philosopher's Stone (Activision, unfinished text prequel to Zork Nemesis)
- Zork Nemesis: The Forbidden Lands (1996, Activision)
- Zork: The Undiscovered Underground (1997, written by Michael Berlyn and Marc Blank (original Infocom implementors) and released by Activision to promote the release of Zork: Grand Inquisitor)
- Zork: Grand Inquisitor (1997, Activision)
The Enchanter trilogy and Wishbringer occupy somewhat unusual positions within the Zork universe. Enchanter was originally developed as Zork IV; Infocom decided to instead release it separately, however, and it became the basis of a new trilogy. (In each trilogy, there is a sense of assumed continuity; that is, the player's character in Zork III is assumed to have experienced the events of Zork I and Zork II. Similarly, events from Enchanter are referenced in Sorcerer and Spellbreaker; but the Enchanter character is not assumed to be the same one from the Zork trilogy. In fact, in Enchanter the player's character encounters the Adventurer from Zork, who helps the player's character solve a puzzle in the game.) Although Wishbringer was never officially linked to the Zork series, the game is generally agreed to be "Zorkian" due to its use of magic and several terms and names from established Zork games.
An MMO adventure game in the series was later released:
Compilations and adaptations[edit]
Among the games bundled in The Lost Treasures of Infocom, published in 1991 by Activision under the Infocom brand, were the original Zork trilogy, the Enchanter trilogy, Beyond Zork and Zork Zero. A second bundle published in 1992, The Lost Treasures of Infocom II, contained Wishbringer and ten other non-Zork-related games. Activision's 1996 compilation, Classic Text Adventure Masterpieces of Infocom, includes all the text-based Zork games; the Zork and Enchanter trilogies, Wishbringer, Beyond Zork and Zork Zero. Activision briefly offered free downloads of Zork I as part of the promotion of Zork: Nemesis, and Zork II and Zork III as part of the promotion for Zork Grand Inquisitor, as well as a new adventure: Zork: The Undiscovered Underground.
Four gamebooks, written by S. Eric Meretzky and taking place in the Zork universe, were published in 1983-4 by Tor Books in the US and Canada, and Puffin in the UK: The Forces of Krill (1983), The Malifestro Quest (1983), The Cavern of Doom (1983), Conquest at Quendor (1984). Together, these are known as the Zork books.
Infocom adapted the games into a series of books. Of six novels published as "Infocom Books" by Avon Books between 1988–1991, four were directly based on Zork: Wishbringer by Craig Shaw Gardner (1988), Enchanter by Robin W. Bailey (1989), The Zork Chronicles by George Alec Effinger (1990) and The Lost City of Zork by Robin W. Bailey (1991).
In 1996 Threshold Entertainment acquired the rights to Zork and announced plans to create a Zork movie and live action TV series.[45][46] However, neither was produced.
Zork I is featured in Activision's 2010 game Call of Duty: Black Ops as an Easter egg. In the main menu of the game, the player can get up from a chair and find a computer. Typing "zork" into this computer will start Zork I. Zork I is fully playable within Call of Duty: Black Ops.
Two parody games were also released, in 1988 titled Pork: The Great Underground Sewer System[47] and in 1989 Pork 2: The Gizzard of Showbiz.[48]
See also[edit]
- 69105, a number that became somewhat of an in-joke in several Infocom games
- Grue, the infamous Zork monster
- ^ a b Tim Anderson (Winter 1985), "The History of Zork – First in a series", The New Zork Times, 4 (1): 7–11, archived from the original (PDF) on 2006-04-27
- ^ "Dave Lebling on the Genesis of the Adventure Game - and the Creation of Zork", US Gamer, August 2014
- ^ "The making of Zorkl", Retro Gamer, Imagine Publishing (77): 32–33, May 2010
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Tim Anderson (Spring 1985), "The History of Zork – Second in a series", The New Zork Times, 4 (3): 4–5, archived from the original (PDF) on 2006-04-27
- ^ a b Liddil, Bob (February 1981). "Zork, The Great Underground Empire". BYTE. 6 (2). pp. 262–264. Retrieved 18 October 2013.
- ^ a b c d e Dave Lebling & Marc Blank (1984), Zork Trilogy Instruction Manual. (PDF), Infocom
- ^ Maher, Jimmy (2012-01-18). "Exploring Zork, Part 1". The Digital Antiquarian. Retrieved 21 December 2014.
- ^ Maher, Jimmy (2012-01-20). "Exploring Zork, Part 2". The Digital Antiquarian. Retrieved 21 December 2014.
- ^ Maher, Jimmy (2012-01-22). "Exploring Zork, Part 3". The Digital Antiquarian. Retrieved 21 December 2014.
- ^ "Infocom Scoreboard" (PDF), The New Zork Times, 3 (2): 3, Spring 1984
- ^ "Hot Gossip". Computer Games. February 1985. p. 8. Retrieved 15 January 2015.
- ^ Haha, Jimmy (2009-02-22). "Zork I Walkthrough" (Text file). Retrieved 2016-08-04.
- ^ a b c d e Dyer, Richard (1984-05-06). "Masters of the Game". The Boston Globe. Archived from the original on 1997-06-07.
- ^ Lebling, P David (December 1980), "Zork and the Future of Computerized Fantasy Simulations", BYTE, 5 (12): 172–182
- ^ Adams, Rick. "Here's where it all began...".
- ^ Barton, Matt (28 June 2007). "The History Of Zork". Gamasutra.
- ^ a b c d e Tim Anderson (Spring 1985), "The History of Zork – Second in a series", The New Zork Times, 4 (2): 3–5, archived from the original (PDF) on 2006-04-27
- ^ a b "Zork: A Computerized Fantasy Simulation Game", IEEE Computer, 12 (4): 51–59, April 1979, doi:10.1109/mc.1979.1658697
- ^ a b Briceno, Hector; Wesley Chao; Andrew Glenn; Stanley Hu; Ashwin Krishnamurthy; Bruce Tsuchida (2000-12-15). "Down From the Top of Its Game: The Story of Infocom, Inc.". Retrieved 2007-06-07.
- ^ a b c Michael Feir (2007). "Zork Turns 30". Archived from the original on 2006-04-27.
In the brief time that Zork was known as Dungeon, the Fortran version of Dungeon was widely circulated which caused the name Dungeon to stick in some circles and sectors to this day.
- ^ Roger Firth (2002). "InfLight – Inform debugging".
The result, around 1978, was Dungeon, (from which Bob Supnik at DEC created a Fortran version); the MDL original, however, was soon renamed Zork.
- ^ Peter Scheyen (1996). "Dungeon". Archived from the original on 2006-06-17.
Version FORTRAN IV Zork (Dungeon) Release Date January 1978 Authors A somewhat paranoid DEC engineer
- ^ a b c d Stanton, Jeffrey; Wells, Robert P.; Rochowansky, Sandra; Mellid, Michael, eds. (1984). The Addison-Wesley Book of Atari Software. Addison-Wesley. pp. 30–31. ISBN 0-201-16454-X.
- ^ a b c d Carless, Simon (2008-09-20). "Great Scott: Infocom's All-Time Sales Numbers Revealed". GameSetWatch. Think Services. Retrieved 2008-09-23.
- ^ "Inside the Industry" (PDF). Computer Gaming World. September–October 1982. p. 2. Retrieved 2016-03-28.
- ^ Sipe, Russell (November 1992). "3900 Games Later...". Computer Gaming World. p. 8. Retrieved 4 July 2014.
- ^ Maher, Jimmy (2013-03-20). "The Top of its Game". The Digital Antiquarian. Retrieved 21 December 2014.
- ^ a b Maher, Jimmy (2013-10-23). "Masters of the Game". The Digital Antiquarian. Retrieved 9 January 2015.
- ^ Ditlea, Steve; Onosco, Tim; Kunkel, Bill (February 1985). "Random Access: Best Sellers/Recreation". Video. Vol. 8 no. 11. Reese Communications. p. 35. ISSN 0147-8907.
- ^ Onosco, Tim; Kohl, Louise; Kunkel, Bill; Garr, Doug (March 1985). "Random Access: Best Sellers/Recreation". Video. Vol. 8 no. 12. Reese Communications. p. 43. ISSN 0147-8907.
- ^ Ciraolo, Michael (October 1985). "Top Software / A List of Favorites". II Computing. p. 51. Retrieved 28 January 2015.
- ^ Mace, Scott (1984-04-02). "Games with windows". InfoWorld. p. 56. Retrieved 10 February 2015.
- ^ Pournelle, Jerry (June 1983). "Zenith Z-100, Epson QX-10, Software Licensing, and the Software Piracy Problem". BYTE. 8 (6). p. 411. Retrieved 20 October 2013.
- ^ Marshall, Debra (August 1981). "Zork". 80 Micro. p. 32. Retrieved 17 February 2015.
- ^ "Computer Gaming World's Hall of Fame". Computer Gaming World. November 1992. p. 193. Retrieved 5 July 2014.
- ^ Staff (November 1996). "150 Best (and 50 Worst) Games of All Time". Computer Gaming World (148): 63–65, 68, 72, 74, 76, 78, 80, 84, 88, 90, 94, 98.
- ^ Chaplin, Heather (2007-03-12). "Is That Just Some Game? No, It's a Cultural Artifact". The New York Times. Retrieved 2013-11-01.
- ^ Ransom-Wiley, James. "10 most important video games of all time, as judged by 2 designers, 2 academics, and 1 lowly blogger". Joystiq.
- ^ Owens, Trevor (2012-09-26). "Yes, The Library of Congress Has Video Games: An Interview with David Gibson". blogs.loc.gov. Retrieved 2013-01-18.
- ^ Yokal, Kathy (October 1983). "Marc Blank - The Programmer Behind Zork". Compute! Gazette. pp. 64–66. Retrieved 4 December 2013.
- ^ Repstad, Tom (May 1982). "Zork II". Softline. p. 17. Retrieved 15 July 2014.
- ^ Leibson, Steve (December 1982). "Space Wars and Earth Games". PC Magazine. p. 165. Retrieved 21 October 2013.
- ^ Townsend, Carl (November 1983). "Zork III: a classic adventure.". Creative Computing. p. 141. Retrieved 28 August 2016.
- ^ Saberhagen, Eric and Tom (February 1984). "Zork III". K-Power. p. 58. Retrieved 16 January 2015.
- ^ "Tidbits...". Electronic Gaming Monthly. No. 82. Ziff Davis. May 1996. p. 18.
- ^ "Celebrity Sightings". GamePro. No. 92. IDG. May 1996. p. 21.
- ^ "PORK I: The Great Underground Sewer System (1991)". archive.org.
- ^ "PORK 2: The Gizzard of Showbiz (1989)". archive.org.
Further reading[edit]
- Montfort, Nick. Twisty Little Passages. MIT Press, 2003. ISBN 0-262-13436-5.
External links[edit]
Mainframe version[edit]
- Download and play the original mainframe version of Zork – binaries for DOS (runnable under 32-bit Windows), Mac OS X and Linux, as well as a 1982 map of the Zork universe.
Zork trilogy[edit]
- Zork Trilogy at MobyGames
- Zork sites at DMOZ
- Feature on text adventures including Zork at The Dot Eaters at the Wayback Machine (archived May 14, 2013)
- "The History of Zork", an article by Matt Barton on Gamasutra
- Zork, Zork II, Zork III reviews of Commodore 64 (disk edition) in Zzap64, August 1985
- Zork I can be played for free in the browser at the Internet Archive
- Zork II can be played for free in the browser at the Internet Archive
- Zork III can be played for free in the browser at the Internet Archive
- 1970s interactive fiction
- 1977 video games
- Adventure games
- Amiga games
- Amstrad CPC games
- Apple II games
- Atari 8-bit family games
- Atari ST games
- Commodore 64 games
- CP/M games
- DOS games
- Fantasy video games
- Infocom games
- Mac OS games
- Mainframe games
- MSX games
- NEC PC-9801 games
- Permadeath games
- PlayStation (console) games
- Sega Saturn games
- TRS-80 games
- Games commercially released with DOSBox
- Video games with available source code
- Public-domain software with source code


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Humane Society Pet of the Day: Shadow
By HSPPR On October 26, 2012 · Leave a Comment · In A Big Something, Humane Society, Pet of the Day
Hi there. I'm Shadow, an 8-year-old brown tabby. A peek there… A glimpse here. That's all you'll see of me until you get to know me. I take a more cautious approach to introductions, but some kitty treats will definitely speed our relationship into purring and cuddling mode! I'm a Sidekick in HSPPR's Feline-ality program, so I'm just plain good company. At my age, all I want to do is find a special family with the perfect kitty cushions for me to sleep on. Do you think your house fits the bill? We can sit and tell stories about "the good old days" together!
I'm a Hand-Picked cat, so my adoption fee is FREE and includes a voucher for a veterinarian exam, vaccinations, 45 days of pet health insurance, and a microchip. Stop by Humane Society of the Pikes Peak Region at 610 Abbott Lane in Colorado Springs to see me and all of my friends! Click HERE for directions.
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Ticket hours: noon-6p Tues-Fri
on the phone or at the studio.
KRCC presents ARLO GUTHRIE
Pikes Peak Center
Saturday July 13, 2013 8pm
reserved seating through Ticketswest.com
7th Annual Blues Under The Bridge – July 20th, 2013
WATERMELON SLIM & THE WORKERS, JOHN HAMMOND, BLUES CARAVAN W/ JOANNE SHAW TAYLOR, THE SLIDE BROTHERS, D.B. REILLY, and THE JUST US LEAGUE
www.BluesUnderTheBridge.com for festival information
KRCC Member tickets on sale for $25. General Public tickets on sale for $35. VIP tickets $91.50. Day of show tickets $40 at the west gate. Tickets available through www.TicketFly.com or at KRCC.
Pre-festival Party Friday July 19th from 5-8pm at the Wyndham Grand Mining Exchange with Watermelon Slim, and Big Jim Adams!
Pre-festival shows at Jack Quinns with:
BJ Estares and Route 66 on Wednesday July 17th at 7:30pm!
The Delta Sonics with Al Chesis on Thursday July 18th at 7:30pm!
Austin Young on Friday the 19th at 9pm!
KRCC presents TAB BENOIT
Colorado Springs, City Auditorium
Wednesday, July 31st
KRCC Member Tickets on sale now for $16 at the KRCC Studios.
General public tickets on sale through www.AMusicCompanyInc.com .
KRCC and the Fine Arts Center present VIEUX FARKE TOURE
Colorado Springs Fine Arts Center, Monday August 5th, 7pm
KRCC tickets on sale now for $15 at KRCC.
FAC member tickets on sale for $15, and general public tickets on sale for $25 at the Fine Arts Center Box Office, or through www.csfineartscenter.org
KRCC presents DIANA KRALL
Pikes Peak Center
Wednesday, September 25th 7:30pm
reserved seating through Ticketswest.com
Pikes Peak Center, Saturday October 12th, 2013 8pm
KRCC member pre-show meet and greet opportunity 6:30-7:30pm – pre-show meet and greet tickets available for $40 to members ONLY at the station.
Advance KRCC member tickets on sale now through August 2nd through www.TicketsWest.com. Enter member promo code and click find.
General Public tickets on sale August 2nd, 2013
KRCC presents BONNIE RAITT
Pikes Peak Center
Wednesday, October 16th 8pm
reserved seating through Ticketswest.com


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We are all time travelers.
I have come to this conclusion in a roundabout route, my usual method of making way from A to B, via a few scenic-tour handfuls of multi-cultural alphabets wrought from pen, paper press, and cuneiform tablet.
Art is the key. It is in art where most of us spend our free time, from soaking up opera to hand-tying flies for fishing, or whatever our fancy. We are consumers of all things, now that we make almost nothing in this country, and art -- popular culture, if you'd prefer to call it -- is part of our voracious appetite.
(Even today's old-fashioned broadcast radio and television counts -- although, I am often unsure what it counts as -- buh-dum-dah.)
Art is where we go for relief from the routine world in which we find ourselves. And, if we have any energy left over from just trying to survive, and have any interests to do so, we choose art as a platform on which we hope to stand, better understanding our world, ourselves, and trying to make some sense of this journey and this place -- maybe even other people, although we shouldn't get our hopes up too high.


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"Used these wrap-around labels to address and seal our son's baptism invitations. These were a nice way to quickly personalize the envelopes for this occasion (versus having a calligrapher fill out each envelope). Between this little touch, the labels for the treat bags, the commemorative magnets, and thank you cards; we received many compliments."
Copyright © 2004-2017 Shutterfly, Inc | Tiny Prints | Terms of Use. Designated trademarks and brands are the property of their respective owners.


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The main highlights of this release are: More onboarding for customers using new itslearning - we continue to highlight new features and help users get the most from itslearning. The Stream now groups similar information making reading easier.
New Login Report! We're happy to present a new login report that shows user login activity by organization and site profile, as well as a summary of user activity status for a selected time period. You can access the report from the Data and reports section of the Admin area.
Download your course content It's now possible to download files directly from the course folder. You can select multiple files or folders and export them to a ZIP file for easy download. This makes it easy to export and store static course content outside itslearning.
This time we've mostly been working behind the scenes, but we have a few small changes you might enjoy. Help where you need it Some of you have requested more links to the help section. New direct help links are now available from the following areas: Surveys Course settings Participants Groups Your settings Calendar Planner and planner settings Registrations Clean print-outs We've added a dedicated print option to the Page tool.
New version of the text editor The editor, which is used all across itslearning, has the following changes: We've reorganised the buttons in the toolbar and ensured the same options are available everywhere. For example, it's now possible to add video and audio recordings to Pages. It's now easier to add third-party content, such as YouTube videos.
The highlights of this release are: We're consolidating the Planner table/list views into a great new design; this will give our users multiple ways to work with the planner. We're introducing more improvements on the Final Course Assessment process, including improvements to Template Letters. It will now be possible to upload files to Course Folders directly from OneDrive for Business and OneDrive for Education.
In this update we have focused on improvements to the planning and assessment workflows, as well as a number of enhancements to existing tools. Find out more about the news and changes below. Time-saving enhancements in the planner After this update, you'll notice that there's less clicks when working with dates in the planner.
The first update this year includes a new task list for teachers and commenting on course bulletins, as well many other news and enhancements. New task list for teachers To provide teachers with an easy overview of updates and tasks, we have introduced a new follow-up list that shows tasks from all favourite courses. The list shows activities with new or updated submissions or if the teacher needs to assess a submitted task.
The last update this year focuses on time-saving enhancements, including improved support for templates in courses, individual learning plans and notification letters, as well as automatic activation of plans. In addition, we introduce more Dropbox and Google Drive options, allow parents to see course content and much more. Stop the time bandits!


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What fuel to use for X5
View Single Post
Registered User
Location: H-town
Join Date: Feb 2013
Posts: 24
Mein Auto: B8 S4, E70 X5d
View My Garage
i always run 93 but its usually because it was a car that made more power with 93 (turbo, sc, tune, strung-out e46 m3 LOL, etc.). while i can't comment on the x5 specificially, i know that when we had our Q7 3.6Q, it got significantly worse mileage with 87. and not just around town, but on 4 different trips from houston to dallas (250 miles), travelling the same route.
2012 X5 35d | Alpine White w/Cinnamon | Premium | Sport | Premium Sound | 20's Type 214's | Running Boards | Clear Bra | 30% Metalized Tint
2012 S4 Prestige 6MT | Ibis White w/Silver Spectra & Black Nappa | Sport Diff | Rear Shades | Clear Bra | 30% Metalized Tint | Interior LED's | OEM License LED's | APR Stage II+ | 19" Forgestars | H&R OE Springs | AWE Exhaust | Roc-Euro Intake
View Public Profile
Find all threads started by jfabes
Find all posts by jfabes
View My Garage
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Pics and Tips
Firstly I am no photographer I just love taking photos. I snapped a few of these scouting and early season goose hunting. I have a hard time taking really clear/close shots especially with motion. Is it all in the camera or are there any techniques I can apply? My camera does a great job with still photos and close up pics though.
Pics were taken witha Nikon Coolpix L110


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Free Domestic Shipping On Orders Over $150 USD We Ship Internationally (Duties and Taxes May Apply)
Our Dull White Bronze Fishhook Key Holder was made just for us and is engraved with our Hammer and Maul logo and USA. They come with a dull nickel split ring. Easily slides onto your belt loop to keep your keys secure. 5/8" x 2 ½". Made in the USA.
***Please Note: All Sales Final on Embossed Items***


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Scholarships available
This year Indiana VFW Post 1989 will award four scholarship grants of $3,000 to students currently attending an Indiana County high school.
The student applying must already be accepted to a college or university. Interested students must provide the VFW Scholarship Committee with a letter of application stating: the reason why scholarship assistance is needed; family size and makeup of ages; parents' occupations and income; other scholarship aid applied for to date and status of such aid; any other information that could be helpful; proof of acceptance to a college or university; an official transcript of applications; academic record from his or her respective high school.
Completed applications should be sent to the Scholarship Review Committee, VFW Post 1989, 824 Indian Springs Road, Indiana, PA 15701.
o o o
The Indiana Garden Club, a member of the Garden Club federation of Pennsylvania, District VI, annually awards a minimum of one $500 scholarship from the Julia Pound/Alice O'Dell scholarship fund for students entering college or graduate school with a major of ecology, horticulture, landscape design, landscape architecture, conservation, botany, forestry, agriculture, or earth sciences. The student must be a resident of Indiana County.
A scholarship application must be completed, including an official transcript and a letter of recommendation. The application may be obtained at www.indianagardenclub.com.
The application and supporting documents must be mailed to the Indiana Garden Club, attention: scholarship, P.O. Box 1447, Indiana, PA 15701, with a postmark deadline of June 15.
Students will be notified by mail before Aug. 1 if they have been awarded a scholarship. For more information, email email@example.com or email@example.com.


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What's up everyone, I build custom motorcycles, Bratstyle, Bobbers, cafes, and streetfighters mainly. I currently have a sick bike FS/FT that's recently finished and ready to go. It's based off a 76 Yamaha xs650 that has pointless PAMCO electronic ignition, electric AND kick start, and a TON of hand-made parts. It runs like a beast, it's quick and solid, and even cruises comfortably at 70mph! It's a head turner, every time I take it out people are stopping me, I've even been asked to pull over while riding on multiple occasions so people can take pictures! It's basically a Bratstyle bobber, but it rides and performs like a street bike as you can see in the vid! I'll let the pics and video do the talking, but while you're at it go visit my site for more info@:
It's for sale for $4,900.
I can also build something similar to your specifications and desires if you're interested.
For this bike I will consider trades of equal value, or lesser value with additional cash on your end. Or possibly cash on my end if you have something worth while to me! Trades I'd consider...DATSUN 510, DATSUN 240, or early 280...a "tastefully" done 240sx, preferably a convertible, classic cars...possibly others, PM me with ur ideas and PICS! I don't mind traveling a little to make the RIGHT deal!
NO I won't sell it to you for a thousand dollars, and NO I don't want your POS civic!
PS- Please for your sake and mine, don't waste our time if you're not genuinely interested!!!
Modified by metalsoulengineering at 8:38 PM 10/16/2009
Modified by metalsoulengineering at 8:43 PM 10/16/2009


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The name belies . . . It's a "harmless" murder.
The evening is a million laughs. A "harmless" murder, if you will.
Dinner is included, typically a Mediterranean affair since the scripts are about the Godfather with an offer too good to refuse. . . However, if you would like another cuisine please advise and we'll be happy to accommodate. After all, they could have gone out for dinner that fateful night . . . Robin has lived in Brazil, France, Belgium and Africa, so we're at home with different cuisines. Her Assistant Innkeeper is a master Mexican Food chef.
It is a private party consisting of your guests which we will host for you. You provide the people, we provide everything else. What can be better? You give a party and are left free to enjoy it! We only schedule one event a day, so you are the epicenter of our attention.
Our scripts accommodate up to 16 characters. To give you a feel for our packages, each script will include
The price is $65 per person + tax plus 18% gratuity per person which includes dinner, your personal assistant for the script, and the script in which you and your guests are the characters. It can be either a sit down dinner or a buffet just before "The Will" is read in the parlor. Each person is free to participate as much or as little as they want. They are given the flavor of the character; some script, and are free to provide additional dialogue, as moved to do so. There also are prizes at the end!
Please contact us for an appointment.


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Drew ,
Let me be the first of many to reassure you that you def got a deal .
I'm eyeing one locally that is listed at $499 , I'm hoping to get it down .
The L frame is a nice size and yours looks to be in fine shape .
Congrats ,
I recently purchased my first revolver, a 681. I own pistols and rifles however I always wanted a .357 and unfortunately I couldn't talk my dad out of his Colt Python. I have a friend who acquired this 681 in a trade from a dealer with another gun he wanted. He sold me this for $300 which from what research I did seemed like a pretty good deal. When reading about them I ran across the recall and if modified it should have the M. I looked and did not see a dash after my model number so I am assuming mine needs to go back. I also saw some other markings and was not sure what they are for. I attached a couple pictures and was wondering if anyone could give me any at all. I am wondering age, what the markings are for, do I need to send it back, how do I send it back, ect. Also I think I got a good deal but would love a little reassuring. Thanks.
Drew ,
Let me be the first of many to reassure you that you def got a deal .
I'm eyeing one locally that is listed at $499 , I'm hoping to get it down .
The L frame is a nice size and yours looks to be in fine shape .
Congrats ,
First line of defense , my faithful Pit - don't mess with Mr. Kane !
Lovin' it here in N. Ga - I wasn't born here , but I got here as fast as I could .
Welcome, and congratulations on a fine handgun, I purchased mine a little while back and paid a lot more than $300.00. The photo you have with the cylinder swung out is where I saw the letter "M" stamped on mine. If you call S&W customer service I'm sure they will be able to assist you with possible warranty work that may need to be done. I took my to the range for the first time last week, good shooter with not much recoil, although I will be changing the grips on mine.
They are the same as yours, and personally for me they are not comfortable, good luck.
Good price. Nicely balanced gun IMO.
S&W still does the recall repairs, and there is no charge to you at either end. The numbers stamped in various places are assembly numbers, and they have no informational value outside the plant. Those numbers are used to insure parts that are fitted in various areas, come back together at final assembly.
The primary reason for the recall, is because of certain Federal ammunition and its primers.
You have one of the most sturdy, utilitarian revolvers ever produced by S&W. Fixed sights, beefy frame. You'll pass this one down to your children and grandchildren. If the stocks aren't to your liking, there are a bunch of after-market makes which may be more comfortable.
Congratulations, and welcome!
The American Republic will endure until the day Congress discovers that it can bribe the public with the public's money. - Alexis de Tocqueville
Excellent price for that revolver and it looks great!
Having a gun in your hand is much more effective than having the entire police department on the phone.
& welcome to the forum enjoy your stay john
Drew0535........Welcome from another Newby.....681 in greek means TACK DRIVER
I found the recall late as I quit shooting to put 2 kids through school. Call S&W, you'll get a label via email, call FedEx and you should have it back in a week.
Drew 0535
You do indeed have a friend - for $300.How sweet it is!


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Brian Yablonski
Wed, 07/29/2015
Capturing the economic value of wildlife—for the benefit of wildlife.
Brian Yablonski
Thu, 09/24/2009
America is about to rediscover her national parks. To great fanfare, Ken Burns' epic documentary, "The National Parks: America's Best Idea," premieres on PBS this fall.
Brian Yablonski
Sat, 09/01/2007
You've heard of Freakonomics — but what about Bisonomics? With their future now in the hands of eco-ranchers and market-minded preserves, the outlook for bison is promising, says Brian Yablonski.
Brian Yablonski
Fri, 09/01/2006
Quail hunting by wealthy landowners has had remarkable environmental benefits in northern Florida.
Jack Ward Thomas
Why have forests changed from an asset to a liability?
Brian Yablonski
The Valles Caldera National Preserve experiment includes a self-sustaining federal mandate. Time will tell if the public land managers can behave like free market environmentalists.
Brian Yablonski
There is a crossroads in Texas. Down along the Mexican border, in a four-county area, sits the Lower Rio Grande Valley—a merger of tropics and subtropics.


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Tobacco Researchers Earn Federal Grant for Smoking Cessation Study
Contact Information
Moira Harrington
(608) 265-4447
Chris Hollenback
(608) 262-3902
Related Information
UW Center for Tobacco Research and Intervention
Stay Connected
The director of the University of Wisconsin Center for Tobacco Research and Intervention (UW-CTRI) today announced a new $9 million federal grant to discover the best ways to help people successfully stop smoking.
The grant announcement comes on a day when the Centers for Disease Control released new figures showing the number of adults who smoke has increased to 20.6 percent nationally. The previous smoking rate had been 19.8 percent nationally, and 19.6 percent in Wisconsin.
"It is an honor to receive this highly competitive federal award that will make such a difference in the lives of Wisconsin families touched by tobacco addiction," said Michael Fiore, MPH, MD, UW-CTRI director. "We know that most smokers want to quit, but so many struggle with this addiction. This new federal study is designed to meet smokers where they are in terms of their willingness to try quitting. The goal is to create the greatest likelihood for smokers to successfully overcome tobacco addiction."
Fiore continued, "We are undertaking this important work just as we learned of an uptick in the number of adult smokers in our country. This new statistic emphasizes that we need to do more to help smokers quit."
The National Cancer Institute, part of the National Institutes of Health, is funding the grant for five years, adding millions to Wisconsin's economy.
This study will provide both quit-coaching and nicotine medications in real-world Wisconsin clinics that use electronic medical records (EMR). Health care is increasing its use of such EMR systems that are also a cornerstone of President Obama's stimulus package funding. This Wisconsin research will have a far-reaching impact on smokers close to home and across the country.
The Center for Tobacco Research and Intervention will work with Epic Systems Corp., a medical software company based in Dane County, and UW Health. Other collaborators include Aurora Health Care, Dean Health System and Mercy Health System.
"At the end of the research, we will have a menu of stop-smoking treatments that a clinic can offer virtually any smoker who walks through the door," said Timothy Baker, PhD, UW-CTRI's director of research who will lead the study with Fiore. "We want to help healthcare systems expand their capacity to better treat smokers. It will be a model that creates a team of healthcare professionals supporting the smoker. The team will rely on integrated clinical health technology systems that assist tobacco users to be smoke-free."
Beginning in spring 2010, UW Center for Tobacco Research and Intervention researchers will recruit 2,300 smokers who will participate in the study for a full year. Participants will be recruited from clinics across south-central and southeastern Wisconsin. The research includes three projects:
- Project 1: The focus is on a smoker's motivation to quit. The project targets smokers who express an interest in quitting but aren't ready to try now. The goal is to encourage them to think about quitting, using a coaching strategy called motivational interviewing.
- Project 2: This project will test new combinations of coaching and nicotine-replacement medication treatments for smokers who want to quit. Past research has shown that using coaching and medications together can boost the chances of successfully quitting by up to four times.
- Project 3: This project will determine how much "taking medication properly" determines success during a quit attempt. Smokers who adhere to stop-smoking medication instructions may fare better in their quit attempts.
"UW-CTRI has received two previous large, long-term federal grants to study smoking treatments. The first was in 1999 and the second in 2004. I am pleased UW-CTRI can continue to build on its excellent record of accomplishments," said Robert Golden, MD, Dean of the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health. "It is a testament to the exemplary reputation the center has accumulated in its 17-year history. The NIH grant will improve public health in Wisconsin, nationally and across the globe since tobacco use is the leading cause of preventable death, regardless of geographic and socio-economic boundaries."
"This research grant is designed to drive down the adult smoking rate, saving lives and saving dollars at a time when our nation's economy could particularly benefit from reduced health care costs," Fiore said.
Collaborators at the University of Illinois at Chicago and Penn State will also participate in the research.
UW-CTRI is a nationally recognized research center founded in 1992 and is committed to determining the nature of tobacco dependence and developing evidence-based treatments to assist smokers.
Date Published: 11/19/2009


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Step 1: If using poblano peppers, cut them in half lengthwise, and scrape out the seeds. If using bell peppers, cut off the tops about 1/2 inch below the stems. Scrape out the veins and seeds, taking care not to puncture the bottoms.
Step 2: Drain the beans, place them in a colander, rinse under cold running water, then drain again.
Step 3: Heat 2 tablespoons of the olive oil in a nonstick skillet over medium heat. Add the onion, garlic, jalape–os, red bell pepper, cilantro, pumpkin seeds, if using, and cumin and cook until golden brown, about 4 minutes. Stir in the beans, hot sauce, and 2 cups of the cheese. Taste for seasoning, adding salt, pepper, and/or more hot sauce as necessary. Spoon the bean mixture into the hollowed-out peppers. Sprinkle the remaining cheese on top, dividing it evenly among the peppers. Drizzle the remaining 1 tablespoon of olive oil over the cheese.
Step 4: Set up the grill for indirect grilling and preheat to medium. If using a gas grill, place all of the wood chips or chunks in the smoker box or in a smoker pouch and preheat on high until you see smoke, then reduce heat to medium. If using a charcoal grill, preheat it to medium, then toss all of the wood chips or chunks on the coals.
Step 5: When ready to cook, place the peppers in the center of the hot grate, away from the heat. Cover the grill and cook the peppers until they are tender and the cheese is browned and bubbling, 30 to 40 minutes. Use a spatula to transfer the peppers to a platter or plates and serve at once.
Hulled pumpkin seeds (pepitas) are available at natural food stores and Hispanic markets.


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Last month I had the privilege of interviewing Chris Smith of Englewood Christian Church on the Near Eastside of Indianapolis. Chris joined me for the monthly Twitter #missionalchat in February, and then we sat down to record this half-hour conversation about his new e-book The Virtue of Dialogue (Patheos Press) and his forthcoming book Slow Church, co-authored with John Pattison. Watch:This month I'm looking forward to chatting with Bruce Reyes-Chow about his latest bold initiative … [Read more...]
Church On The Internet
Conversation As a Path to Transformation
We're getting ready to celebrate in April our 8-year anniversary of meeting as the "Emerging Church Discussion Group" (a.k.a. the Charlotte Emergent cohort). The group has changed a lot over the years, but one thing remains the same: There is still a need for a safe(r) space for theological conversation, because most churches do not create space for it.This is still true here in Charlotte ("the city of 1,000 churches"), and I suspect it's true of the many cities where other Emergent cohorts … [Read more...]


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65TH ANNIVERSARY: Glenn and Jean Weiss
Glenn and Jean (Smyers) Weiss, of Shelocta, will celebrate their 65th wedding anniversary Tuesday.
The couple was married Oct. 22, 1948, in the home of the Rev. J.D. Hess, of Indiana.
This union has been blessed with five children: Carol, wife of Andy Apjok, of Indiana; Randy, husband of Judy, of Parkwood; Brenda, wife of Bill Crosby, of Lancaster; Tammie, wife of Kerry Cramer, of Columbus, Ohio; and Rob, of Clarksburg.
They are also the proud grandparents of nine grandchildren and 12 great-grandchildren.
Glenn and Jean's children, grandchildren and great-grandchildren have likewise been blessed to watch their loving relationship and commitment to one another over the years.
Family and friends are invited to send celebration cards to them at 12410 Old Route 56 West, Shelocta, PA 15774.


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The Pennsylvania Patient Safety Authority (the Authority) supports a data interface to accept Incident reports from MCARE Act of 2002, Act 13 reporting facilities directly through their existing internal incident reporting systems. The data interface cannot be implemented for facilities that are reporting healthcare-associated infections under Act 52 of 2007. The data interface also cannot be implemented for Serious Event reports. Only facilities reporting Incidents can develop an interface with the Authority. Facilities that want to develop interface capabilities should contact the PA-PSRS Support desk, at firstname.lastname@example.com.
Links to the PA-PSRS Automated Data Interface Specifications are accessible below. Please note that all information provided regarding the PA-PSRS data interface specifications including but not limited to information regarding the data structure and processing logic of PA-PSRS is owned exclusively by the Authority. This information may be used only in connection with, and solely for the purpose of, the development of an interface between PA-PSRS and an internal reporting system at a medical facility that is both (1) physically located in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and (2) subject to the reporting requirements of Act 13. All other use is prohibited without the express written permission of the Authority.
Notices to Facility Users:
Effective January 16, 2015, Part 1 - System Description, Part 2 - XML Document Definition and Part 3 - Appendix have been updated to reflect the changes made to the data interface schema.
Read more
Facilities will need to make changes to their interface using schema version 6.5. Beginning in April 2015, the Authority will accept interface files submitted with schema version 6.5. The Authority will continue to accept interface files submitted with the schema version 6.4 through June 30, 2015. After June 30, 2015, all facilities may only submit files to the PA-PSRS Data Interface using schema version 6.5.
PA-PSRS Automated Data Interface XML Specifications for schema version 6.5:
Part 1:
System DescriptionPart 2:
XML Document DefinitionPart 3:
In anticipation of these changes, beginning February 1, 2015, the Authority will accept edited data interface mappings for review and approval to take effect in April 2015.
Effective October 2011, please note the requirements for participating in the data interface:
Facility - PA-PSRS Mapping Requirements. Download the mapping template here:
PA-PSRS Mapping Template (Right click, 'Save Target As' to download to your computer).
Previous schema changes:
Read more
PA-PSRS Automated Data Interface XML Specifications for schema version 6.4:
Part 1:
System DescriptionPart 2:
XML Document DefinitionPart 3:
Pennsylvania Patient Safety Authority
333 Market Street, Lobby Level
Harrisburg, PA 17120
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Fax (717) 346-1090
©2017 Pennsylvania Patient Safety Authority