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The BMW 5-Series (E39 chassis) was introduced in the United States as a 1997 model year car and lasted until the 2004 when the E60 chassis was released. The United States saw several variations including the 525i, 528i, 530i and 540i. -- View the E39 Wiki
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Finally the spool lid can be put back on. It took me a few tries to align it with the bolt holes in the spool case, all while making sure the I used the same method that I did installing the ring gear. Use bolts to get it started a few threads in, then remove bolts. The friction of the spool lid is so great that it won't go anywhere once you remove the bolts. The key was to tighten them all equally (1 turn at a time or so) to make sure each end of the lid came down roughly at the same rate.
The cover is cocked in this picture, one of about a half dozen attempts to get it aligned perfectly. Once it's close rotationally I used a rubber mallet to further seat the cover. It won't ever fully seat without the bolts because the tension of the Bellevue washers resists that.
The bolts were pretty nasty. Remember, these were inside the spool lid, which is inside the main diff case, and somehow **** still got in there (in a bath of oil as well). I cleaned the threads with a fingernail, rag, and brake cleaner.
Before reinstalling the bolts, I blew out the threaded blind holes with compressed air and found a nice little specimen of OEM threadlocker.
Bolts partially snugged down, about 25 ft-lbs with Red Loctite.
It really takes some torque on the bolts (evenly of course) to bring the cover down and compress the spring washers.
I torqued to 25 ft-lbs first pass, then about 60 ft-lbs second pass.
At this point it's all ready for new races and bearings, that's happening tomorrow morning.
Last edited by nsogiba; 03-08-2013 at 12:32 PM.
That is a limited slip. not a spool. A spool locks both axles together pertinently and does not allow any differential action.
weather is getting nicer. was able to work on the car with the door open for the first time in months.
exhaust is done. CTS-V manifolds, stainless 2.25" mandrel piping
oil pan is on. it was warm out so my fiancee decided to help out.
Manifolds are finally done, painted with VHT Flameproof header paint
Luckily I didn't have to trim any of the OEM manifold heat shields to fit the exhaust. Forgot to snap a picture of those bolted onto the manifolds.
My rebuilt Stage 2 T56 will be here Friday, along with the Diamond lightweight flywheel. I'll bolt up the flywheel, Diamond Stage 2 clutch/pressure plate, and hopefully install the motor for the last time this weekend.
Also ordered a Tick speed bleeder to bleed the new system quickly and easily. I still need to figure out whether the new 4th gen F-Body clutch line can be modified the way the E36 guys do, since the E39 master may be different.
Well, lots going on.
Ordered a 1330 slip yoke locally, it came in yesterday, test fit it today, and of course it's the wrong one and doesn't fit. I am going to return it and go to another, more competent shop locally (Denny's Driveshaft).
Also wrapped up the clutch line. Rather than modify the camaro master cylinder fitting to match the BMW, i just had a local hydraulic shop mate the 2 lines. Installed and fits perfectly. I also installed the Lokar throttle cable; the outer sleeve was the perfect length, but the inner line was just a tad too short, so $5 later, a bicycle brake line trimmed to fit finished the job. I finished up the pedals, put them all back together, and we're good to go. I would have bled the clutch but didn't have any spare fluid on hand.
I rebuilt the driver's side engine mount to clear the alternator, and was inspired to get creative with the sharpie...i think it was the brake cleaner fumes
These also came in. I need to buy one of those 45* filler necks so the oil filler cap lines up with the cover.
T56 came back from Texas Drivetrain
and it all went together smoothly.
Then, my daily driver decided to surprise me on Thursday morning
It was broken into 5 pieces, and shredded that tire. I grabbed a replacement spring from a junkyard and had it on the road again later that day.
Chipping away at the little things...
Alternator mounted up, new eyelet crimped to batt (+) wire, hooked up to alternator
My fiancee helped me bleed the clutch using my Tick Speedbleeder (great product, I can't even imagine doing it from under the car). I've never driven a 4th Gen F-Body before, but the clutch feels like what I would expect in one. At this point the pedals are completely wrapped up and done...it felt nice to sit and make vroom vroom noises while playing with the gas and clutch.
I also finally found the cranked 12V+ wire, so I will hook that up to the starter this evening, put some oil in it, and possibly bump the starter just to see if anything blows up (plugs are not in yet, coils aren't hooked up, and injectors aren't wired, so no harm).
very cool, I just sold my GTO and got a 540i. While I love the LSx motors, that swap looks a bit too daunting for me. Im actually pretty happy with the stock power output of the m60 4.4 for a daily driver anyway.
Did you stick with LQ4/9 or go for an all aluminum option ?
All aluminum prices are absurd now, so I wanted an iron block from the very beginning. Also wanted an LQ9 for higher compression, but ended up saving another grand or so by going with an LQ4, and raising the compression back up by machining the heads. There were a few people that cried bloody murder at the idea of putting a heavy iron block in, but this will be strictly a street car that might see the dragstrip MAYBE once a year, so ideal weight distribution was not a huge concern. It's more of a street bruiser that can have fun on the highway and seat 5 comfortably.
Badass swap, nice work.
Well, may have hit a snag. I wrapped up the power steering system last night and filled it with fluid. No leaks are apparent, but then again I won't know for sure until the motor runs and the system hits full pressure. The low pressure side turned out great, and I was able to reuse the stock power steering cooler on the evaporator bracket. I removed the evaporator itself since I'm not running AC.
I used Russell PowerFlex Power Steering Hose 632610, -6AN size on the high pressure side, which is fine.
My banjo fitting on the box is fine and so is the o-ring to 6AN fitting on the LS pump. However, I did use regular Summit-brand hose ends on the high pressure line. From what I'm reading they're not suitable for power steering use. Is this correct? Here's what I used:
If those are wrong, I'm off to buy more hose ends .luckily all I need is a 90 and a straight hose end. Maybe the local speed shop has a few in stock. I assume this is what I need.
This evening I'm hoping to have the heater lines all done. Corvette radiator gets here tomorrow, I'll mount that up along with the dual fans I pulled off a Monte Carlo in a yard.
Also arriving tomorrow is the Corvette FPR/Filter, silicone intake elbow to the TB, and some replacement sway bar end links. Stock ones were shot and causing some clunks over bumps.
getting closer. I took a week off from work to make progress on the car and blow off some steam overall.
Corvette FPR and filter installed
Cooling system done. No leaks, but it'll really be put to the test once we I fire it up. Here is the final routing I went with.
I also replaced the front sway bar end links as they had been clunking since I bought the car.
Received the last reducing coupler I needed for the intake, so that's all set. I'll be using a section of 3" SS exhaust pipe I have laying around to extend the filter as close as I can to the factory cold air intake ducting in the bumper/fender. Probably going to paint it wrinkle black.
The biggest task of the week was working on wiring. I had to add a few pins/wires to the BMW cluster to be able to accept analog GM tach and coolant temp signals, since the cluster originally got those signals from the DME (now gone) in CAN-BUS. The pins are unlike any other small cluster pins I have seen, but a trip to the yard found me a fistful of these crown shaped connectors out of a white E36. Oddly enough, all the other BMWs there had the common L-shaped pin, both older and newer. I must have spent 2 hours looking for them, but finally got them. I also need a BMW coolant sensor pigtail, but I couldn't find one of those at the yard either, unfortunately.
I went through the GM harness again and removed a handful of circuits I missed the first time around. It's unbelievable how many useless wires and connectors are included in every harness, but I suppose it's easier/cheaper to build them that way as an OEM rather than customizing each harness to each vehicle. Even after thinning it out, the whole mess was still just a huge ball of wires, so there was no chance of laying it on the motor in a clean manner. I spent a day or two on the living room floor disassembling the harness wire by wire, labeling, and separating all the wires. It still needs a bit of cleanup, but it's 90% there. Now it's just a matter of sitting the fuse panel and PCM connectors in their places in the engine bay, and routing/shortening the wires exactly as I like. Time consuming, but much neater and more efficient than trying to untangle on the spot.
Once the GM harness is in and hooked up to all the usual crap, I can make the BMW/GM connections, and once the PCM comes in, I can hopefully fire it up for the first time.
Still need to finish the rear diff and have a driveshaft made before it's driveable.
Mail order tune is done and PCM is on a truck back to me .based on my cam and springs, the Jim at Speed Inc in IL set my rev limit at 6650. Hopefully that, along with the 3.62s and 18lb flywheel, should be fun
awesome build. subscribed and waiting for a video. i bet it's going to sound pretty badass
I cranked it over with the plugs in it last night, with the fuel and coils unplugged. It felt very beefy compared to the M62. Doing the wiring now, hoping to fire up in the next week or two.
Alright...the drum is rolling.......we all had been waiting for this day.
96 528i AT w/steptronic. => 97 540i w/ steptronic. =>steptronic deleted, 6MT installed.
Really excited to see this thing drive! Keep up the good work!
PCM depinned (again) and repinned to fix my own mistakes, all wires routed and taped .tonight I will finally run power and grounds to all sensors and PCM and see what happens.
Getting close. Nicely done.
2000 Dinan S1 //M5 (my DD), 06 DINAN E53 4.8iS (wife's DD), 90 Straman Z32TT (my pride & joy ride)
Gone, but not forgotten: 01 E53 3.0i, 01 525i Sport, 03 DINAN 540i MSport, 01 //M5 and 91 Z32TT
Getting close. Nicely done.
2000 Dinan S1 //M5 (my DD), 06 DINAN E53 4.8iS (wife's DD), 90 Straman Z32TT (my pride & joy ride)
Gone, but not forgotten: 01 E53 3.0i, 01 525i Sport, 03 DINAN 540i MSport, 01 //M5 and 91 Z32TT
I've followed this for a long time, really cool to see this coming together. Keep it going!! Nice work so far, thanks for sharing.
only because you guys asked nicely.
Life has been keeping me busy...someone hit my Subaru while it was parked and then ran, but i got the plate, so i've been on the phone with insurance and police trying to get it all squared away. also finally set up 3 interviews for next week, so it's been hectic to say the least.
i had a local ship set up my M5 diff with the 3.62s and as far as i can tell it turned out well. I still have to slap the cover on and install it into the car. then, measure for driveshaft...
oh, and this happened today
Damn, Love that sound! Hats off to you for even attempting something like this and then have it run has got to feel great.
2002 530iA Sterling grey Metallic 97,000 miles
2006 Volvo XC70 Blue/tan 133,000 miles
LQ9 into E39 Swap
What a great feeling to have it start up! Awesome! Thanks for the posts, I've been following since day 1.
Sent from BimmerApp mobile app
2003 BMW 540i A M-Sport with factory Navigation and CD changer; winter package
1997 Toyota Landcruiser 40th anniversary edition
~split personality~
Congratulations cant wait to see some dyno sheets and more videos.
2000 Dinan 540 Dinan F&R strut tower brace, M5 F&R sway bars, Koni Sports, Eibach springs, Powerflex polyurethane bushings, Dinan stage 2 engine software, Stage 1 trans software, Zionsville cooling kit, resonator delete, Dinan exhaust, Dinan TB, AFE cai, 18" style 5's, 235/40/18 275/35/18, Ultimate cup holders, rear cup holder delete/coin holder, Hella taillights, clear sides, Depo AE, M5 spoiler
1983 745 turbo, style 138 wheels
Nice! Thing sounds like a monster now!
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Is It Safe to Have Dermabrasion After Having Laser Treatments Prior? (Photos)
Hi there. 2 times l ve done CO 2 laser years ago. Last time it was in 2009 but cant see big result. Now I decided to take a dermabrasion, but worry... READ MORE
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The indices both lost 0.8% on the week, with the Dow off four consecutive weeks and the Nasdaq extending its losing streak to five.
New figures on retail sales and consumer confidence traced a retreat from the end of winter ebullience exhibited in March. The University of Michigan's widely-watched consumer sentiment index came in at 94.4, from 95.7 in March and sharply below expectations. Washington said retail sales inched up just 0.2%, a third of the gain expected.
Economists blamed Middle East violence, rising oil prices and the crisis of confidence in accounting on Wall Street for the weak data.
But even while investors were digesting those figures, two of the components seemed to change course, albeit slightly. West Texas crude oil dropped 2.7% at the opening of trading after the Venezuelan military ousted the country's pro-Opec leader, and the Securities and Exchange Commission quashed speculation that IBM was the target of a book-keeping investigation.
IBM shares, which dropped 5.4% on Thursday, regained $1.41 or 1.7% to $85.60 after the usually tight-lipped SEC said it had opened and promptly closed a February inquiry into IBM's accounting.
General Electric, hammered for a 9.3% loss on Thursday after it disappointed investors with its quarterly report, slipped another 20 cents or 0.6% to $33.55.
Broker Merrill Lynch, which was also taken down in the previous session on an investigation into the way some of its analysts conducted themselves during the internet boom, closed flat at $46.89.
Oil shares surrendered some of their recent gains on speculation that Venezuela would start pumping beyond its Opec allocation. ExxonMobil slumped $1.10 or 2.6% to $41.30.
Airlines were beneficiaries of the oil price drop. UAL, parent of United Airlines, rose 58 cents or 3.8% to $15.76. AMR, holding company for American Airlines, added 79 cents or 3.3% to $25.
Financials were higher on expectations that the softer data would delay any increase in official interest rates. American Express rose 26 cents or 0.7% to $40.43. JP Morgan gained 82 cents or 2.5% to $34.28.Reuse content


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Analysis Notebook: Week 7
Analysis Notebook: Week 7
The 2012 NFL season is full of candidates for the comeback player of the year, with several players stepping back onto the field after major injuries to dominate like they never left. No comeback is more impressive than that of Terrell Suggs, who tore his Achilles tendon around the draft, and this week stepped back onto the field against the best team in the AFC just six months later.
Suggs didn't just get a token run out to ease his way back into things — he played 44 snaps, notched himself a sack, a knockdown, a hurry and a batted pass. Essentially, Suggs dominated like he had never been missing, and his return comes just at the point when the Ravens need him the most.
The absence of Suggs has led a lot of people to try and evaluate exactly what he brings to the team, and the answer is a pretty unique blend of strength and speed, both of which were on display in this game. Let's take a look at how he used each to impact the game, a game in which he looked at times like the only member of the Ravens' defense interested in winning.
Speed – Baltimore @ Houston | 1st Q, 7:51
On 1st-and-10 Terrell Suggs beats RT Derek Newton to the inside to sack QB Matt Schaub for an 8-yard loss.
The Houston Texans are all about play action. They are at their best when they are able to run the ball and suck the defense up to stop it, before hitting them deep over the top with the play action passing game. The other thing that strategy does is cause defenders to pause a little in their rush to diagnose exactly what the play is before they can turn their attention to shutting it down. Suggs is lined up at LOLB in a 3-4 front on this play, and the Texans have set up in a run formation, with two tight ends to the other side of the line and a pair of receivers split out to Suggs' side. At the snap RT Derek Newton opens laterally, causing Suggs to match his movement so that he can set the edge in case of a stretch play to that side of the field. Suggs is one of the best run defenders in the NFL, and initial movement like this is part of the reason why.
The play action fake to Arian Foster is good enough that Haloti Ngata simply makes a bee line straight for him through the right guard, and comes just shy of tackling him once he realizes he doesn't have the football. That movement from Ngata clears a path to the inside of Newton, and Suggs takes a hard step back inside before powering straight ahead toward the quarterback. The speed with which he makes this move leaves the right tackle with no chance, and Suggs closes the 5 yards between himself and Schaub before the quarterback can even wind up to throw his intended deep pass. He may not look like Von Miller, but Suggs has underrated quickness for a player built like he is, and it is evident on this play even after an extended layoff and a serious injury.
Power – Baltimore @ Houston | 1st Q, 1:16
On 2nd-and-5 Terrell Suggs beats LT Duane Brown to the inside and pressures Schaub, who is able to buy just enough time to complete a short pass before being taken to the ground.
This play is Suggs at his best. Dwight Freeney's signature move was always his inside spin that would devastate left tackles, and this is Suggs' version of the same principle. As we saw before, Suggs has the kind of speed that needs to be respected. He can force an offensive tackle to move backward to counter that speed and over compensate, giving up the inside to a move back underneath. Freeney used his speed to exploit this gap with a spin, but Suggs uses strength instead.
Again Suggs lines up at OLB in the 3-4, this time on the right side against Duane Brown, arguably the best LT in the game right now after developing impressively throughout his career. Houston motions the tight end to the far side of the line leaving Suggs one-on-one with Brown on the blind side. Matt Schaub takes a five-step drop and Suggs heads up field as if he is going to try and beat Brown on a speed rush around the edge. Again, Suggs gets an assist from Haloti Ngata who takes a hard outside rush against LG Wade Smith — who does well to guide him past the path of the quarterback. Though Smith does a good job on Ngata, this opens up a huge gap between Brown at LT and Chris Myers at C.
Whether Suggs notices this early or had planned to play it this way all along is unclear, but when he is 5 yards into the backfield, and Schaub has hit the top of his drop, Suggs simply tosses Brown to the side, using his own retreating momentum against him, and breaks inside where he has a clear lateral path to the quarterback. The only thing saving this from being another sack is that Schaub feels the pressure early and takes off to right field, buying just enough time for Andre Johnson to work his way back open for a desperation pass. He gets the pass away as he is being taken to the ground by Suggs for a knockdown.
Suggs has enough speed that Brown has to respect the outside rush, but he has the kind of strength and power that when he decides to come inside he simply tosses Brown to the ground and has open space in front of him. The fact that Suggs is able to do this to a player as good as Brown in his first game back shows his ability to dominate against anybody.
Both – Baltimore @ Houston | 3rd Q, 3:00
On 3rd-and-goal from the 1-yard line Terrell Suggs beats his man to the inside and narrowly fails to prevent the touchdown.
It might seem an unusual play to highlight Suggs' dominance in the run game, given that the Texans actually scored on the play, but Suggs almost single-handedly blew it up — it is a play that would have saved a touchdown, but for the interjection of another pair of bodies. It's a goal-line run so both Houston and Baltimore are lined up in heavy formations ready to do battle at the line of scrimmage. Suggs has his hand in the ground as a defensive end in a six-man D-line, and he's lined up just outside of OT Ryan Harris. Suggs immediately beats Harris to the inside with a quick move and is able to drive through the gap with his outside shoulder, ensuring with pure power that Harris can't recover.
As you can see from the image, Suggs is through the line and has a clear path to the running back, but he gets taken out of the play by a block coming from the middle of the field. The picture also shows that the rest of the left side of the line, Brown and Smith, are dominating their blocks, and by the time Foster crosses the line they have their defenders 3 yards deep in the end zone. Ironically enough, this space would actually have aided Suggs, but it has another side effect which is what prevents him from making the play. If the pair hadn't generated much movement at the line they would have contained the block of C Chris Myers on Bryan Hall, but with nothing to prevent lateral movement Hall is able to take Myers across the formation and that block actually cuts off the path of Suggs to the football.
Foster is able to use the block of Myers to angle back slightly to the inside and evade the pursuit of Suggs, who finds himself unable to maneuver around Myers and get enough of the running back to bring him down.
A lot of people talked about how the Ravens miss the pass rush from Suggs, and though they unquestionably do, he is comfortably their best run defender as well. You can't block Suggs with a player who isn't an offensive lineman. He is too strong to be dealt with by backs or tight ends and will simply throw them aside on his way to making the stop. The Texans actually did what you would want them to do, and lined up an extra offensive tackle to Suggs' side — and not a bad one at that — but Suggs still beat him with a combination of speed and power as if he wasn't even there.
Though he got a bit of an assist from his teammates in the first two plays we looked at, the play from his teammate on this occasion actually stops Suggs from making a great play and keeping a touchdown off the board. On a goal-line dive Suggs beat his man so conclusively that he was in position to make a tackle a yard behind the line of scrimmage.
The Ravens will be thankful to have Suggs back for his pass rush, but he'll make a huge impact to their ailing run defense as well. He is the complete package at defensive end, with the intelligence, quickness and strength to make plays in a variety of ways.
In the year of the comeback this might be the most impressive of them all.
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Having gone into halftime tied, Pacific Lutheran surrendered 20 unanswered points in the second half and fell to 11th-ranked Cal Lutheran 37-23 at home on Sept. 8, in the season opener for both teams. Cal Lutheran took a 14-0 lead on a 36-yard interception return by Vincent Minor late in the first quarter, but the Lutes came storming back. Brandon James scored on a four-yard run, and sophomore quarterback Dalton Richey later added a one-yard plunge to tie it. Nick Kaylor later gave the Lutes a 17-14 lead with a 25-yard field goal, but the Kingsmen tied it with a field goal on the last play of the first half. But Cal Lutheran rattled off three straight scores in the second half, as quarterback Kevin Ramay started with a 15-yard touchdown run and added two touchdown passes to give the Kingsmen a commanding 37-17 lead. Cody Pohren scored on a two-yard run in the fourth for the Lutes to provide the final margin. Richey, making his first collegiate start, finished 22-for-43 for 337 yards and two interceptions, and Kyle Warner had six catches for 152 yards while Kellen Westering added seven catches for 111 yards. Jonny Volland led the Lutes' defensive effort with a team-high seven tackles and two interceptions, while Greg Hibbard also had seven tackles and Ben Kaestner had three tackles for loss, including a sack and a forced fumble. The Lutes return to action as they travel to California to face the University of Redlands on Sept. 15 at 7 p.m.
Despite a monster performance by preseason All-American wide receiver Adam Kniffin, Puget Sound fell 55-35 at Chapman on Sept. 8 to drop to 0-2 on the year. Kniffin hauled in 12 passes for a school record 272 yards and four touchdowns, as the senior now owns eight of the schools nine records in the receiving category in his career.
Chapman started quickly, as Austin Maranville returned the opening kickoff 100 yards for a touchdown and quarterback Kean Stancil passed for two first quarter touchdowns to help build a 28-0 lead. But Kniffin caught touchdown passes of 25 and 80 yards in the second quarter, and added a 31-yard score in the third quarter to cut the deficit to 42-21. Thiesen Chang added a 38-yard touchdown catch later in the third to cut it to 45-29, but Chapman proved to be too much as they hung up 615 yards of offense on Puget Sound. Kniffin finished off his brilliant performance with a 15-yard touchdown catch in the fourth from Braden Foley, who finished 31-for-55 for a career-high 480 yards, with five touchdowns and no interceptions. Freshman defensive back Matt Gilbert led the Loggers with a game high 10 tackles. The Loggers have a bye this weekend before playing in their home opener against Whittier at 1 p.m. on Sept. 22.
The Tacoma Community College women's soccer team overcame a first-half deficit to earn a 6-3 win over Yakima Valley on Sept. 8, as freshman Lincoln High grad Alex Zuniga put up a hat trick to lead the way. Laura Deaton got the Titans started with a goal in the 5th minute, and Zuniga followed with the first of her three goals in the 9th minute for a 2-0 lead. But the Yaks took the lead quickly later in the first half, as Elizabeth Figueroa scored in the 30th minute and Stephaine Zamudio added goals in the 31st and 32nd minute to give Yakima Valley a 3-2 lead. But Zuniga answered back in tying the game with a goal in the 42nd minute, and retook the lead for the Titans with another strike in the 65th minute. Fellow Lincoln grad Erica Mosley salted the game away for TCC with goals in the 69th and 80th minute. The Titans improved to 2-1 on the young season, and will host Columbia Basin on Sept. 15 at noon before travelling to division foe Lower Columbia on Sept. 19 at 4 p.m.
The Puget Sound men's soccer team scored two trim victories last weekend to improve to 3-1-1 on the year as they prepare to begin conference play. The Loggers beat Trinity Lutheran 1-0 at home on Sept. 8, as Sean Ryan's goal in the sixth minute proved to be all they needed. Ryan scored on a header after a beautiful cross by forward Oliver Field. The Loggers held a 13-9 shot advantage in the match, and keeper Chris McDonald was only forced to make one save. Puget Sound then notched another 1-0 win over Colorado College the following day, getting a goal in the 61st minute when Chris Shaw's bouncing pass found the foot of Andrew White, who tapped it in. McDonald came up big once again, recording four saves to pick up his third shutout of the young season while also moving into a tie for third all-time on the Loggers' career shutout list. The Loggers beginning Northwest Conference play by hosting Pacific (Ore.) on Sept. 15 at 2:30 p.m. before hosting George Fox on Sept. 16 at 2:30 p.m.
The Puget Sound volleyball team, who came into last week ranked 16th in the nation in Division III, competed with some of the best teams in the nation in the Juniata College Asics Invitational on Sept. 7-8, coming away with a win and two close losses. The Loggers fell 20-25, 21-25, 23-25 to top-ranked Christopher Newport in their tournament opener on Sept. 7, as junior Jackie Harvey led the way with 14 kills and 14 digs. Junior Marissa Florant had eight kills and 14 digs and junior Jenni Brehove added 29 assists and 12 digs for the Loggers. Puget Sound bounced back to top ninth-ranked Juniata 25-19, 23-25, 25-23, 26-24 on Sept. 8, as Florant notched a match-high 15 kills and 19 assists. Brehove had a match-high 38 assists, while Kristin Best added 10 kills, Christina Chun had 15 digs and the Loggers blocked 11 shots as a team to limit Juniata to a .123 hitting percentage. The Loggers fell to fifth-ranked Wittenberg 19-25, 23-25, 25-18, 18-25 later in the day, as Harvey tallied 15 kills and 16 digs to help keep Puget Sound in the match. Brehove had 44 assists, Chun added 19 digs and Florant had 10 kills and nine digs, but Wittenberg had a .231 hitting percentage while holding the Loggers to a .169 clip. The Loggers open up conference play at home when they take on Whitman on Sept. 14 at 7 p.m. and host Whitworth on Sept. 15 at 5 p.m.


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Lake Redbrook Holiday Retreat is located just north of the picturesque town of Childers on Queensland's Fraser Coast.
Set on 165 acres, in an idyllic sugar cane farm setting; Lake Redbrook offers cabins, camping, caravan and motorhome parking.
Enjoy the theatre of the lake's wildlife from your cabin's patio, throw a line in the stocked dam, hire a kayak or simply soak up the fresh country air.
Lake Redbrook Holiday Retreat provides an ideal getaway for families, couples, freshwater anglers, artists seeking inspiration, or those just wanting to relax and unwind amongst nature.
Stay in Lake Redbrook's modern self-contained cabins overlooking the lake. Relax on your own private patio and take in the fresh country air.
Air-conditioned and private, all cabins have a queen bed and a set of bunk beds, an ensuite and a modern kitchenette with cooking facilities.
There are 24 powered tent and caravan sites on the property with sullages, concrete mat, water and lovely green grass. All are close to the amenities and the camp kitchen.


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VSIDO makes its mark
Back in March, I had a chance to take a lap or two with Terry Ganus' VSIDO and wrote about it here. I liked what he was doing — revealing that Debian Sid is not the monster some people make it out to be while proving that it could be used by the average user as a daily distro. Also, I liked the offering back then when it came out.
I gave VSIDO another shot last week, using the 64-bit Raptor, which features Debian Sid under the hood with the Fluxbox window manager on the surface. I ran it on a dual-core Toshiba laptop. Like in March, again I found it a solid distribution which would serve any user well.
A word about Fluxbox: It's a good call to make this the default window manager. Like CrunchBang's Openbox window manager, Fluxbox is very lightweight, however the advantage over Openbox is that it does not share Openbox's starkness. For those who like a little color in their menus, not to mention a lot of flexibility in tweaking their window manager, Fluxbox is an outstanding option.
The lineup of software available also sets VSIDO apart. There's the standard programs you'd find in Debian-based systems augmented by other programs which are not as well known but are adequately solid. For example, Audacity is present, but there's also a video viewer called UMPlayer that gives any other player a run for its money. Ceni and WICD star as the network managers (more on this later). There are even a couple of things you may not find on regular distros — Filezilla comes immediately to mind, as well as menu-ized items like the htop command to easily keep track of what's running on your system.
All of this shows that a lot of thought was put into what VSIDO users might want, and the choices are right on the mark.
One thing that I encountered last time that I encountered again, and I know this is PEBCAK moreso than a reflection on the distro: I have always fought a losing battle with WICD, and this time was no exception. This is not unique to VSIDO, because I've lost this battle on other distros as well. White flag, surrender — c'est la guerre. Ceni, on the other hand, came in handy and saved the day when using wireless. I don't know what the logic is behind having two network managers — and I'm glad to be enlightened here by the VSIDO crew — but this redundancy saved the proverbial bacon this time.
A lot can be said for distros like VSIDO, most of which renders moot those ludicrous complaints about there being too many distros in the FOSS universe. There are currently the right number of distros — as many distros as the market will bear, to echo Adam Smith — and the good ones rise in direct proportion to their commitment to quality.
VSIDO is one of those rising in the Debian constellation. If VSIDO continues on its current course, it has a bright future.
This blog, and all other blogs by Larry the Free Software Guy, Larry the CrunchBang Guy and Larry Cafiero, are licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs CC BY-NC-ND license. In short, this license allows others to download this work and share it with others as long as they credit me as the author, but others can't change it in any way or use it commercially.
(Larry Cafiero is one of the founders of the Lindependence Project and develops business software at Redwood Digital Research, a consultancy that provides FOSS solutions in the small business and home office environment.)


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Remote lock problem
So I just got this WJ a few week ago. When I got it, neither one of the remotes worked, so I told the dealer to get me two new ones. I finally got one today and went to pick it up and have it programmed. Well after an hour and a half, I pulled my car out of service and gave it a quick try. It seemed to work okay. My car was set to "drivers side only" for the first click and I wanted to change it to one click opens all doors when I got home and try it a few times and make sure all is good. Well it's not. It barely works at all. I have to hit lock or unlock 15-20 times to get it to work. I'm thinking that there might be something else going on here and maybe it's not the remotes after all, but something in how the signal is received?
Help me out folks.
My understanding is the factory remotes are crap with lousy range...I am looking at a remote start that will also unlock the doors its a Viper 4104 and it will need a transponder module to make it work but when all is said and done it should be under $200 if I install it myself, my local stereo shop is $300 installed for a $99 Viper installed
Think Outside !- No Box Required.
Re: Remote lock problem
I did a lot of searching on the net and it seems this is a pretty widespread problem. The receiver is part of the passenger door module which contains the window and door lock switches. Apparently there's just a wire hanging out of it that acts as the receiver. It might be twisted up or missing. I'm going to check it out this weekend.
Re: Remote lock problem
The range of the remotes is indeed lousy, although it depends on the angle and where the jeep is parked. Sometimes when i'm in a garage it will work from 20 meters distance, but sometimes i'm almost next to the jeep and it won't work.
I think its just one of those jeep things you have to get used to.:werd:
Re: Remote lock problem
I have the viper system that Hacksaw is referring to and my new remote is good up to 2000 feet. I love it and am glad i spent the $300 on it!
Re: Remote lock problem
The dealer just called and they got the other remote in. So I'm going next week to have that one programmed.
I'll ask them why it works so crappy and also ask them if the receiver could be part of the issue.
Re: Remote lock problem
It seems that you can program the remote yourself, see here: How Do You Program A Grand Cherokee Jeep Remote? - Blurtit
Also found this on an Bulgarian site (luckily its translated in English), where they add a 70 cm wire to the antenna to increase the range to 20 m: http://translate.google.ee/translate...%23post1343991
Re: Remote lock problem
So during my visit to the dealer to get the other remote programmed, I asked why it only worked from a foot or two away. The service guy said I probably needed a new receiver module (includes window and door switches). Cost of parts and labor? About $500. Yeah, right.
Thanks Frango100 for the reply including the write up from the Bulgarian (whoda thought) site. I think I can extend the antenna using the pics shown.
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Follow Harriet on Twitter
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- The Poetry Foundation's blog for poetry and related news.
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Posts Tagged 'ampersand'
The 27th Letter January 27, 2016: Poetry magazine's Editors' Blog occasionally features online exclusives. This installment comes from Mairead Small Staid. Past exclusives can be found here. In the alphabet recited by [...]


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IDA-GA Outreach Event The Big Picture: Rethinking Dyslexia - Suwanee, GA
The International Dyslexia Association - GA Branch (IDA-GA)
Thursday, September 5, 2013 from 6:30 PM to 8:30 PM (EDT)
Event Details
This event is free and open to the public. Please register to reserve your seat.
Event: Showing of director James Redford's acclaimed 2012 HBO film, The Big Picture: Rethinking Dyslexia. After the film, a panel of local professionals with dyslexia will share how they have used their gift to enable them to do powerful things in their profession. Hear from inventor and entrepreneur Patrick Whaley who is a graduate of Georgia Tech and CEO and founder of Titan Tech as well as Dave Ronne, creative director and leader of a team of dreamers, filmmakers, visual artists, musicians, and song writers at 12 Stone Church. Come join us for an evening of hope.
The Big Picture: Rethinking Dyslexia provides personal and uplifting accounts of the dyslexic experience from children, experts and iconic leaders, such as Sir Richard Branson and financier Charles Schwab. Directed by James Redford, the film not only clears up the misconceptions about the condition, but also paints a picture of hope for all who struggle with it. Shining a spotlight on the latest scientific and psychological research, the film also highlights the work of Drs. Sally and Bennett Shaywitz, co-founders and co-directors of the Yale Center of Dyslexia and Creativity to illuminate the hidden origins and implications of dyslexia. Proving that dyslexia is a neurological issue and not a character flaw, The Big Picture beautifully illustrates that while the condition is an obstacle, it also carries some unique advantages, and ultimately can be overcome.
Sage School Telephone Number: (678) 318-3588
When & Where
Sage School Hosting at Quality Tech Services
300 Satellite Boulevard Northwest
Thursday, September 5, 2013 from 6:30 PM to 8:30 PM (EDT)
Add to my calendar
The International Dyslexia Association - GA Branch (IDA-GA)
The International Dyslexia Association - Georgia Branch (IDA-GA) is a non-profit, scientific and educational organization which was formed to increase public awareness of dyslexia. Our members are educators, psychologists, physicians, individuals with dyslexia, and parents who have dealt with learning disability issues within local public and private schools. With its approximate 300 members, the Georgia Branch provides an information and referral hotline, community outreach activities, the Dyslexia Dash 5K Run/Walk, yearly conferences, teacher training workshops, and e-newsletters. IDA encourages teachers to train in multisensory, structured language instruction which is now referred to by IDA as Structured Literacy. Visit www.idaga.org for more information and to sign up for the IDA-GA mailing list.


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The Seed of an Idea to Support Communities
The McConnell Foundation, established in 1937, was the second family foundation created in Canada, following the Massey Foundation. It was run by the founder with the help of a secretary. The grants it made reflected long-standing interests and commitments of J.W. McConnell, including McGill University and its affiliated hospitals (notably the Montreal Neurological Institute), the YMCA, Salvation Army, Old Brewery Mission, the Victorian Order of Nurses and a number of churches and agencies ministering to Montrealers in need.
Some of the organizations that received support in 1937 continue to be recipients of Foundation grants to the present day. The Foundation provided space for what would become the Hochelaga-Maisonneuve and Pointe St. Charles YMCA facilities, and was a prime sponsor of the construction of Place-des-Arts. Granting was mainly in the Montreal region, the province of Quebec and the Maritimes (grants to Montreal-based recipients represented 85-90 percent of total grant amounts until the early 1980s).
After McConnell's death in 1963, the family wished to continue his work and renamed the foundation The J.W. McConnell Family Foundation, whose Board of Trustees would comprise direct descendants of the founder.
In its early years, grants were usually for capital campaigns, primarily university and hospital buildings and medical equipment. McConnell's longstanding interest in supporting programs for young people was maintained through regular grants to the YMCA, the Boys' and Girls' Clubs and summer camps, but there were also major contributions to homes for the elderly.
By 1974, total grants made by the Foundation passed the $100 million mark. The Foundation was a mainstay for many important health, educational and cultural organizations and institutions in Montreal, but it had also innovated in funding new programs such as the pioneering Palliative Care Centre at the Royal Victoria Hospital.
National Perspective
In 1980, the Trustees decided to give the Foundation a broader, national focus. Many of the educational, health and social service organizations originally supported by the Foundation had ceased to be private bodies funded through a mix of membership fees and individual and church donations. The state had become the principal source of revenue for universities and health establishments.
The Foundation's granting was refocused to address special needs and innovative projects aimed at making these organizations more productive, responsive, and efficient in their services to the community.
The most important commitment of the 1980s was the bold decision to commit some $40 million to renovating, extending and endowing the McCord Museum, which belonged to McGill University but functioned largely autonomously in inadequate facilities. This grant, the largest single commitment in the Foundation's history, was seen very much as a gift to the people and city of Montreal to mark the 350th anniversary of the city's founding.
By the 1990s, the Foundation had a small professional staff and a new, proactive mission to help Canadians adapt to the profound economic, political and social changes beginning to affect Canada. National initiatives were launched to promote community economic development, to support innovation in higher education and to widen the impact of successful local innovations.
A number of Foundation initiatives were launched, including the Community Economic Development Technical Assistance Program (CEDTAP); the Green Street environmental stewardship program; and work with organizations addressing disability issues, including PLAN, Philia and Tetra, and respite support for caregivers. In September 1996, a new school-based funding program was launched to enhance learning by involving young people in hands-on artistic and creative activities; this was ArtsSmarts.
The Foundation's granting focus had essentially moved from capital grants and institutional support to initiatives aimed at building up the capacity within organizations to improve their communities.
Larger and longer-term program grants became more common, with particular efforts made to strengthen the community sector by providing core funding to bodies like Community Foundations of Canada, IMAGINE, and Volunteer Canada. An innovative MBA-level program for leaders of national voluntary organizations was developed in partnership with McGill University. Another initiative sought to identify successful local initiatives that had the potential for far broader reach. Over the ensuing years, more than 20 such grants were made in fields as varied as early childhood (Roots of Empathy), impaired driving (Nez Rouge), disabilities support (PLAN), comprehensive community development (Vibrant Communities) and others.
Towards the Future
Family foundations balance tradition and change, evolving in response to external needs and challenges and internal family dynamics. For The J.W. McConnell Family Foundation, a clear line can be drawn from the personal generosity and values rooted in the founder's Methodist upbringing, which found expression in his tithing as a very young man, his later active fundraising for many causes and finally his major philanthropic legacy, the Foundation that bears his name.
Foundations can generate attention and action to tackle challenges that may otherwise be overlooked or inadequately addressed. The J.W. McConnell Family Foundation's role now is to be a catalyst, to use its limited funds to leverage individual and community assets, resources and skills to effect needed change. Those challenges are constantly shifting; an effective foundation therefore is in permanent evolution toward the elusive goals of relevance and results.


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Talk to Me: 'Eight White Nights' with André Aciman
"Most of literature is about love, if it's not about war," declared writer André Aciman. He spoke with New York Public Library President Paul LeClerc about the meaning of literature during a recent "Live from the NYPL" event. The author explained that "literature is always interested in asking questions that are very difficult and refuses to give easy answers." Aciman also discussed his provocative new book, Eight White Nights, which is a chronicle of a short affair between two hip New Yorkers.
Stream and download the talk here for free.
Bon Mots
On Writing Literature: "One of the things one wants to do is embrace a problem, give it a face, give it a plot"
On Emerson: "[He said] you grow towards the book but, lo and behold, the book grows toward you, as well."
On Facebook: "Because of [the novel] Call Me By Your Name, the whole Italian gay community has friended me."


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Lambda Legal in the Hamptons
5:00pm - 8:00pm
Join us in East Hampton for Lambda Legal's 15th Annual Hamptons event for an evening in tribute to the individuals and organizations who continue to fight with us for the rights of LGBT people and everyone living with HIV. This year's event will be held at the home of Lambda Legal supporter Joe Hall & Martin Dagata. The exact address will be confirmed upon RSVP.
Guests will enjoy complementary cocktails and hors d'oeuvres poolside. Don't miss out on this wonderful opportunity to network with other like-minded donors. Lambda Legal in the Hamptons will feature an update on our current legal cases and a chance to network with other Lambda Legal supporters in the New York area.
Join the resistance. Join Lambda Legal.
We are currently offering a discounted Young Leadership Council ticket rate! Don't miss out on this unprecedented opportunity!
Host Commitee
David Fink and Simon Kinsella
Faith E. Gay and Francesca Zambello
Kathryn Graham** and Carolyn Cole
Joe Hall** and Martin Dagata
Alan Koral
Ray Lord, III
John Minardo
Byron Rooney and Todd Raymond
Jayne Baron Sherman and Deby Zum
Andrew Tobias
All Host Committee listed as of 5/18 | ** National Leadership Council
For more information or to join the committee, please contact Sally Troncoso or call 212-809-8585, ext. 215.


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Welcome to Embers Heating Studio – Derby
As specialists in fireplace design and with many years experience we have encountered most obstacles in the fireplace trade so if you have a problem, call us. We are here to help, no job too large or too small. If you dont see what you are looking for please contact us
The showroom has recently gone under a expensive refurbishment
Welcome to our Brand New Website we are currently upgrading our stock, so if you dont see what you are looking for please contact us
Renamed in 2010 after being part of a national franchise business for 6 years, trading at the same location in Derby the team at Embers Heating Studio take pride in their work and care about the service and standards we achieve for our customers.
Our aim is to keep growing and constantly improve our range of products and services, building on our reputation for quality and service.
At Embers Heating Studio we have a wide range of high quality fireplaces, fires and stoves to choose from. We sell most brands of fireplace made in marble, limestone, cast iron, wooden mantels and many more from contemporary and modern to traditional designs.
Our range of solid fuel fires, gas and electric fires are all available at low prices but with a high level of customer service. Take a look in our gallery for some show room examples or call in for a browse and some friendly advice, we look forward to seeing you soon.


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|Patriots Look Poised For Another Super Bowl Run
|Bruins Trade For Drew Stafford
|Black and Gold Bruins Turn Yellow On Parade Day
|Inconsistency Will Continue For Bruins Unless A Change Is Made
Steroid connoisseur Jose Canseco had some choice words for Senator George Mitchell Thursday night. Hours after being thrown out of the Mitchell news conference for not being a member of the media, Canseco cited Mitchell's report as "laughable." He said that Mitchell definitely didn't dig deep enough, also saying that the report proved nothing.
He also had some choice words for Alex Rodriguez, whom Canseco loosely claims used steroids and other performance-enhancing drugs:
"I saw the list of players, and there are definitely a lot of players missing," (Canseco) told Fox Business Network. "I don't know what they accomplished or what they are trying to prove."
Prodded further about players not included, Canseco said this of Alex Rodriguez: "All I can say is the Mitchell Report is incomplete. I could not believe that his name was not in the report."
Reaction: I'd have to say that I'd be pretty floored if it comes out that A-Rod used performance-enhancing drugs. It would be much like the initial feeling I got when I heard that Jason Varitek was listed…but thankfully that list was wrong and Varitek is safe. I'm sure there will be more to come in the next few days about this issue.
Tags: Alex Rodriguez, Jose Canseco, Mitchell Report
I absolutely love the phrase "steroid connoisseur"
Why thank you. It's the best descriptive phrase I could think of for Canseco


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Escape the bustle of modern day living with culinary delights in high quality surroundings. Enjoy some of the most stunning scenery and history in England in the English Lake District, with a good selection of tours, drives, castles, gardens, historic houses, lake cruises, walks, pubs, golf, fishing, water sports, diving, horse riding and more!
- Wifi
- Restaurant Onsite
- Pets Allowed
- Property Size 2 units
- Conference Facility
- Kids Allowed
- Nearby City Kenswick
- Nearby Water N/A
- Open Dates All Year
Additional Information
- Shopping
- Sightseeing
Languages Spoken
- English
Nearest Airports
- Carlisle Airport (CAX) / 25.1 miles
- Barrow Walney Island Airport (BWF) / 39.1 miles
- Blackpool International Airport (BLK) / 57.8 miles
* Not all airports listed here may be open to public use, or service commercial flights
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Acer Aspire AS5741-6073
REVIEW DATE : June 23, 2010
PROS: Core i5 processor at an attractive price. Strong performance. Long-lasting battery. Relatively lightweight.
Beneath a plain exterior, the Acer Aspire AS5741-6073 ($699.98 list) hides a fast, efficient Core i5 processor, serving up leading performance for the price along with excellent battery life. It's too bad Acer didn't update the design when it updated the components of this laptop, sold at Staples; we prefer the look of the HP Pavilion dv6-3010us ($699.98 list, ) or Toshiba Satellite L655D-S6051 (599.98 list, ). We have no quibbles with what's inside, however, starting with the Intel Core i5-430M processor, a chip typically seen on laptops that cost more, such as the HP Pavilion dm4-1060us ($849.98 list, ) and Sony VAIO VPC-EB13FX/BIC ($999.99 list, ). As long as you don't need the flashiest laptop in the coffee shop, you'll come to enjoy the performance and battery life the Acer Aspire AS5741-6073 generously offers.
The matte black keyboard is comfortable and easy to use for touch typists, but the key design strikes us as odd. The keys are wafer thin and sit raised above the bottom of the keyboard with a gap between each key. I have two worries about this design: It increases the odds you might catch the edge of a key and snap it off, and it creates an easily accessible repository for dust, dirt, and grime. A dedicated number pad sits to the right of the keyboard, but its presence does not make the rest of the keyboard feel cramped.
The touchpad feels responsive if a bit small. It features a dedicated vertical scroll region along its right edge, though it won't get much use once you discover that the touchpad supports multi-touch gestures, including the always appreciated two-finger scrolling. The mouse button is a single button instead of two separate buttons, which we prefer, but it's neither too stiff nor too squishy.
The AS5741-6073 weighs a trim 5.3 pounds, which places it slightly on the light side of the scale for a 15.6-inch laptop. By comparison, the Compaq Presario CQ62-225nr ($499.99 list, ) and Toshiba L665D-S6051 weigh 5.5 and 5.6 pounds, respectively.
Audio from the laptop's integrated stereo speakers is average at best. Sound from the speakers reach a decent level at max volume while still sounding clear. I was able to hear movie dialog without needing to huddle up close to the laptop. The speakers' output sounds less full than that of the HP dv6-3010us, however. Music playback, particularly anything with a lot of bass, will require headphones or external speakers.
The AS5741-6073 serves up a useful collection of ports and connections. Two USB 2.0 ports sit on the right side and a third sits on the left side. Unfortunately, an eSATA port for fast data transfers is absent. You get both VGA and HDMI ports for outputting video to a larger screen, including an HDTV. You'll find a multi-format media card reader on the front edge of the laptop, and headphone and mic jacks on the left edge.
Most laptops at or around the $700 price point feature a 320GB hard drive. The Aspire 5741-S6073 goes above and beyond that capacity with a 500GB drive. The laptop's DVD burner comes as no surprise; you have to spend a bit more to bring home a Blu-ray player. The Samsung R580 ($850 list, ) earned an Editors' Choice in large part for its Blu-ray drive, 500GB hard drive, Core i5 processor, and dedicated Nvidia GeForce graphics.
Customers who buy this system from Staples can avail themselves of several services the retailer offers. This includes setting the new system up, data transfer from your old PC to your new one, software installation, and tech support and protection plans that range in price from $14.99 to $169.99.
The laptop's PCMark Vantage score of 5,094 was 33 percent higher than that of the HP dv6-3010us and 28 percent higher than that of the Toshiba L655D-S6051, two similarly priced laptops that feature the 2.3GHz AMD Turion II P520 chip. Those are significant differences. The AS5741-6073 did trail the Samsung R580 by 12 percent on the same test. Though it has the same processor as the AS5741-6073, the Samsung R580 enjoys the benefit of a 512MB Nvidia GeForce 310M discrete graphics card. The AS5741-6073 matched the scores of the Samsung R580 on our video encoding and Photoshop tests, however, though the graphics superiority of the Samsung helped it to a 21-percent edge on Cinebench R10.
Looking at the AS5741-6073 against the Core i3-based Gateway NV59C09u ($799.99 list, ), we see very similar performance on PCMark Vantage and Cinebench, though the AS5741-6073 shows its muscle on our real-world tests. Its time of 49 seconds was 14 percent faster than the Gateway NV59C09u on our Window Media Encoder test, and it was 16 percent faster when encoding an album's worth of MP3s to AAC format in iTunes. During anecdotal testing, we were quite pleased with the speed of the system. We experienced no lag when multitasking, and applications loaded quickly.
With a standard 6-cell (48 WHr) battery, we weren't expecting great things from AS5741-6073 on our MobileMark battery drain test, but the laptop just kept going and going, finally conking out after 5 hours 19 minutes. That far exceeded our expectations by well more than an hour. Most 6-cell batteries run for roughly 3.5 hours on MobileMark.
Whether you appreciate its design is up for debate, but what we can all agree upon is the Acer Aspire AS5741-6073 delivers outstanding performance for the price and surprisingly long battery life. For those who want more features, however, the Editors' Choice Samsung R580 offers Blu-ray, Core i5, and switchable graphics for about $250 more.
More laptop reviews:


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State End Fiscal Year $338M in Red
Third consecutive month where collections didn't meet expectations.
Third consecutive month where collections didn't meet expectations.
The U.S. Attorney's office says 43-year-old Wichita resident Lisa Marie Evens was sentenced Monday to 21 months in federal prison.
Troy Allen Robinson convicted of stabbing Oma "Shannon" Bennett
A man led police on a chase early Sunday morning after Riley County officers attempted to initiate a traffic stop.
A driver who hit and killed a cyclist on Pillsbury Drive in Riley County was distracted.
The Kansas City Royals have signed outfielder Raul Ibanez. He played for the Royals from '01-'03
Construction starts on KC-46 Tanker Base
A report documenting incident will be forwarded to County Attorney, not sure if it's made it there yet. No arrests as a result at this time…
The tornado skipped along a path around 1.6 miles long.
U.S. Sen. Moran applauds the the U.S. Supreme Court's ruling Monday.
U.S. Sen. Pat Roberts commends the U.S. Supreme Court for upholding a fundamental principle of our nation.
The Kansas Turnpike Authority is considering building a scenic outlook along Interstate 35 to allow travelers to stop and appreciate the Fli…
At the monday meeting of the Shawnee County Board of Commissioners, Parks and Recreation Director John Knight told the board that the depart…
The Topeka Police Department has announced plans to conduct a Sobriety Check lane at one or more of the locations listed below. The checkpoi…
The high court rules for the first time that profit-seeking businesses can hold religious views under federal law.
The Kansas Soybean Commission is encouraging Kansans to boost soy protein intake to improve their health.
The National Weather Service has confirmed that the reports of funnels in the northern part of Topeka did produce a brief touchdown of a tor…
The Valley Falls Fire Chief was arrested over the weekend. According to the Jefferson County Sheriff's office, 59-year-old, John Gordon was …


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Editing, Proofreading and Writing
A Better Word
|About Editor
|Site Map
over 30 years of experience I know
I can help you with writing, editing or proofreading your project at affordable rates
Books of Mine Published
Or go to: Funwithretirement.com
Two experienced criminals and an inexperienced former Num candidate merge their basic needs for money and plan a major heist.
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Tin Oxide Nanowires: The Influence of Trap States on Ultrafast Carrier Relaxation
- First Online:
- Received:
- Accepted:
DOI: 10.1007/s11671-009-9323-9
- Cite this article as:
- Othonos, A., Zervos, M. & Tsokkou, D. Nanoscale Res Lett (2009) 4: 828. doi:10.1007/s11671-009-9323-9
We have studied the optical properties and carrier dynamics in SnO2nanowires (NWs) with an average radius of 50 nm that were grown via the vapor–liquid solid method. Transient differential absorption measurements have been employed to investigate the ultrafast relaxation dynamics of photogenerated carriers in the SnO2NWs. Steady state transmission measurements revealed that the band gap of these NWs is 3.77 eV and contains two broad absorption bands. The first is located below the band edge (shallow traps) and the second near the center of the band gap (deep traps). Both of these absorption bands seem to play a crucial role in the relaxation of the photogenerated carriers. Time resolved measurements suggest that the photogenerated carriers take a few picoseconds to move into the shallow trap states whereas they take ~70 ps to move from the shallow to the deep trap states. Furthermore the recombination process of electrons in these trap states with holes in the valence band takes ~2 ns. Auger recombination appears to be important at the highest fluence used in this study (500 μJ/cm2); however, it has negligible effect for fluences below 50 μJ/cm2. The Auger coefficient for the SnO2NWs was estimated to be 7.5 ± 2.5 × 10−31 cm6/s.
KeywordsSnO2nanowires Chemical vapour deposition Carrier dynamics Differential absorption spectroscopy
Tin oxide (SnO2) is considered an important wide-bandgap n-type semiconductor which has received a great deal of attention over the past few years due to its high transparency in the visible part of the spectrum and sensitivity to certain gases which make it technologically important for optoelectronic devices [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6] and sensors [7]. In addition Sn is readily available and cheaper compared to indium (In) which is used for the growth of indium oxide (In2O3). Furthermore, in recent years, the field of semiconducting metal oxides has benefited a great deal from the development of one-dimensional nanostructures such as nanowires (NWs) and nanorods (NRs) due to their interesting properties arising from their small size [8, 9] and high surface-to-volume ratio. In view of this, there has been growing interest in the synthesis of SnO2 NWs, the study of their fundamental electronic and optoelectronic properties, and finally device applications [10, 11, 12, 13].
Despite the potential applications of SnO2 NWs there has been no detailed study of the fundamental, ultrafast carrier relaxation mechanisms of the photogenerated carriers in this nanostructured material. Consequently, here we investigate the carrier dynamics in SnO2 NWs and obtain a detailed understanding of the various relaxation mechanisms and the influence of trap states using transient white light absorption spectroscopy [14, 15, 16] with femtosecond resolution. We find that the band gap of the SnO2 NWs is 3.77 eV and contains two broad absorption bands, the first of which is located below the band edge and is related to shallow trap states while the second is near the center of the band gap due to deep trap states. Detailed transient measurements revealed their energetic position, carrier relaxation times, and the importance of Auger recombination.
Experimental Procedure
The SnO2NWs were grown using an atmospheric pressure chemical vapour deposition (APCVD) reactor which consists of four mass flow controllers (MFC's) and a horizontal quartz tube furnace, capable of reaching a maximum temperature of 1100 °C. Initially, approximately 0.2 g of fine Sn powder (Aldrich, <150 μm, 99.5%) was weighed and loaded into a quartz boat together with a square piece of Si(111) which was coated with 0.5 nm of Au. The Au layer was deposited via sputtering at a slow rate <5 Å/s using an Ar plasma under a pressure <10−4 mBar. The sample was positioned a few mm downstream from the Sn and subsequently the boat was loaded into the reactor and positioned directly above the thermocouple used to measure the heater temperature at the centre of tube. After loading the boat at room temperature (RT), Ar (99.999%) was introduced at a flow rate of 500 standard cubic centimetres per minute (sccm) for 5 min in order to purge the tube.
Following this the temperature was ramped to 800 °C in an Ar flow of 100 sccm at a rate of 30 °C/min. Upon reachingTG, the flow of Ar was maintained at 100 sccm for a further 90 min after which the tube was allowed to cool down over at least an hour in an inert gas flow of Ar, 100 sccm. The sample was removed only when the temperature was lower than 100 °C. For the optical measurements, NWs were grown directly onto square pieces of quartz that were coated with 0.5 nm of Au and had an area of ≈6 × 6 mm2. The morphology of the SnO2NWs was examined with a TESCAN scanning electron microscope (SEM) while the crystal structure and the phase purity of the NWs were investigated using a SHIMADZU, XRD-6000, X-ray diffractometer, and Cu Ka source. A scan of θ–2θ in the range between 20° and 80° was performed for the SnO2NWs that were grown on Si(111) and quartz.
In this study, we investigate the ultrafast dynamic behavior of carriers in SnO2 NWs following femtosecond pulse excitation through the temporal behavior of differential absorption [14, 15, 16]. The experimental study was carried out using an ultrafast amplifier system operating at 5 kHz. A self mode-locked Ti: Sapphire oscillator centered at 796 nm and generating 45 fs pulses was the source of short pulses. Approximately 1 mJ of amplified energy was used to pump an Optical Parametric Amplifier (OPA) providing ultrafast pulses in the UV range of the spectrum. The rest of the energy from the amplifier was used to generate 400 nm from a BBO crystal via second harmonic generation and white light super continuum. The UV femtosecond pulses from the OPA were used to excite the nanowires given that the expected band gap of this material is around 3.7 eV. A small part of the fundamental 796 nm pulses were used to generate VIS-IR super continuum light by focusing the beam on a 1 mm thick sapphire plate. Similarly a super continuum light in the UV region of the spectrum was also generated using 400 nm pulses. The white light probe beam was used in a pump-probe non-collinear geometry, with the pump beam been generated from the OPA. To minimize the broadening of the laser pulse, optical elements such as focusing mirrors were utilized in the setup. The reflected and transmission probe beams were separately directed onto their respective detectors after passing through a band pass filter and thus selecting the probe wavelength from the broad band white light. The differential reflected and transmission signals were measured using lock-in amplifiers with reference to the optical chopper frequency of the pump beam. The temporal variation in the photo-induced absorption was extracted using the transient reflection and transmission measurements, thus providing a means of monitoring the carrier dynamics within the probing region [14].
Results and Discussion
These observed changes in absorption are associated with excitation of the SnO2NWs by photons whose energy is larger than the bandgap energy which results in the generation of non-equilibrium carriers. These non-equilibrium carriers will distribute themselves along energy states that are normally unoccupied under equilibrium conditions. The occupation of states (referred to as state filling) following an ultrafast laser pulse will appear as a reduction in the absorption at the probing energy states. Clearly the observed recovery of this negative absorption change will be a direct measure of the time required by the photogenerated carriers to move out of the occupied states. Furthermore, a positive change in the induced absorption is also observed in the transient absorption measurements. This phenomenon is mainly due to secondary excitation of the photo-generated carriers by the probing photons from their initial states to higher energy states. This "free-carrier absorption" depends on the number of carriers present at the initial states and the coupling coefficient between the two energy bands. The temporal profile of this positive induced absorption is again a direct measure of the presence of the photo-generated carrier at the probing energy states.
The normalized induced absorption measurements seen in Fig. 5clearly indicate that with increasing fluence there is a faster recovery on the long time scale. This suggests that Auger recombination is a contributing factor at the fluence used in this study. With decreasing fluence, Auger recombination becomes less important, and for the NWs used in this study at fluence less than 50 μJ/cm2, this contribution may be considered negligible. A simple multi-exponential fit to the experimental result at 50 μJ/cm2shows that a minimum requirement of three exponential function is necessary for a good fit to the data. The time constants obtained from this fit were 2.4 ps (18%), 68 ps (22%), and 2.3 ns (60%). A more detailed analysis of the experimental data was performed using a simple differential equation model which incorporated the above three exponential decay mechanisms along with Auger recombination. Making use of the time constants obtained for the lowest fluence utilized in these experiments, where Auger recombination was negligible, it was possible to obtain fits to the differential absorption data at higher fluences. Relative good fits to the experimental data (see inset Fig. 5) were obtained using an Auger coefficient of 7.5 ± 2.5 × 10−31 cm6/s.
We should also point out that the fast decay component, which is associated with mechanism 1 of the photo-generated carriers when they are moving into the shallow traps states, appears to become slower with increasing fluence (Fig. 5). This is most likely due to saturation of available shallow trap states. Furthermore, in the above proposed model, the holes generated near the Γ point will also relax to the top of the valence band. However, the expected relaxation within the valence band is much faster than the multi-picosecond relaxation mechanisms shown in Fig. 6. This is expected given the small excess kinetic energy received by the holes during excitation.
Considering next the time-resolved absorption measurements (Fig. 4) for probing photon energies below the band gap energy (shallow traps) from 3.54 eV (350 nm) to 3.3 eV (380 nm), we notice that although the maximum state filling occurs very close tot = 0 (within the pulse width), there appears to be a small drop and then a small rise after a few picoseconds. This behavior is due to a small free-carrier contribution which reduces the state filling contribution thus artificially making this feature ("dip") appear near the tip of the maximum signal. This is clearly obvious when looking at the differential absorption in Fig. 4with decreasing probing photon energy. The free-carrier "dip" increases with increasing probing wavelength and eventually becomes the main contributing factor at the longer probing wavelengths.
Furthermore, intensity measurements carried out over a range of 500–50 μJ/cm2at the probing photon energy of 3.54 eV (350 nm) indicate that Auger recombination has a noticeable effect only at the maximum fluence, however, at fluence as low as ~50 μJ/cm2, this effect becomes negligible. A multi-exponential fit to the data shows a minimum requirement of two exponential function for a good fit with time constants of 72 ps (27%) and 2.08 ns (73%). Most likely the fast time constant is associated with carriers moving into the deep traps (path 3 in Fig. 6) whereas the long decay is associated with recombination of the carriers (path 5 in Fig. 6). Here we should point out that differential absorption intensity measurements have also been carried at other probing photon energies within the top shallow trap states with similar results.
Considering the differential absorption measurements in Fig. 4for the longer probing wavelengths, we notice an increase in free-carrier contribution. This contribution becomes dominant for probing photon energies below 1.65 eV (750 nm), where no trap states can be reached from the valence band thus excluding state filling. The initial fast recovery component which is of the order of a few picoseconds seen in these measurements is attributed to free-carrier contributions within the trap states.
Finally we should point out that due to the presence of Au nanoparticles (NPs) which are required as a catalysts in the formation of the SnO2 NWs, transient absorption measurements in the probing region 2.4–2.1 eV depict the well known surface plasmon resonance of Au [28, 29, 30]. Time resolved measurements outside the above probing spectral region show no evidence of differential absorption signal from Au. Furthermore, measurements with excitation photons having energy below the band gap of SnO2 show signal only at the probing region of the surface plasmon resonance. Identical results were obtained when transient absorption measurements were carried out on just the quartz substrate coated with the 0.5 nm film of the Au catalyst. It appears that the Au NPs required for the formation of the NWs have no effect on probing the carrier dynamics in SnO2 NWs despite the strong plasmon resonance.
In conclusion, we have investigated the ultrafast dynamic behavior of SnO2nanowires using above band gap excitation UV femtosecond pulses. Transmission measurements of the NWs provided us with an estimate of the band gap at 3.75 eV and reveal broad absorption bands below the band edge. These absorption bands appear to play an important role in the relaxation of the photogenerated carriers in the NWs. Transient differential absorption measurements reveal the different pathways and time constants associated with the relaxation of the photogenerated carriers. Measurements suggest that the photogenerated carriers take a few picoseconds to move into the shallow traps states whereas it takes ~70 ps to move from the shallow to the deep trap states. Furthermore, recombination of electrons from these traps states with holes in the valence band takes ~2 ns. Auger recombination has a contribution to the carrier dynamics at the highest fluence used in this study (~500 μJ/cm2), however at fluence of 50 μJ/cm2Auger recombination appears to be negligible. Transient absorption intensity measurements provided us with an estimate of the Auger coefficient for the SnO2NWs to be approximately 7.5 ± 2.5 × 10−31 cm6/s.
The study in this article was partially supported by the research programs; EPYNE/0504/06, ERYAN/0506/04, and ERYNE/0506/02 funded by the Cyprus Research Promotion Foundation in Cyprus.


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A policy of engagement
President Barack Obama is scheduled to unveil his Middle East policy in the last week of September. The general contours of this policy are already discernible.
On the pressing issue of the Palestinian-Israeli dispute, he has made it clear that the United States will no longer allow Israel's transgressions on international law by building settlements on the Occupied Territory of the West Bank.
After the horrors of World War II, clear guidelines have been put in place to alleviate the most severe aspects of occupation.
The first is obviously the withdrawal of the occupying army and an end to occupation. But while occupation is still a reality, the occupying power is prohibited to settle its own population in the occupied land, or adopt any measures to circumvent the future prospect of independence and self-rule by the occupied people.
Expanding Israeli settlements in the West Bank and the network of secure roads that criss-cross to join them together, protected by the Israeli Defence Force, are a blatant violation of the above safeguard.
Despite relentless diplomatic pressure by the Obama Administration, the Israeli government has dismissed putting a freeze on building new Israeli houses in the occupied West Bank.
On the growing challenge of Iran's belligerence, President Obama has tried to tread carefully. Fully aware of the troubled history between Iran and the United States due to Washington's categorical support for the Pahlavi monarch, and provision of arms and intelligence to Saddam's regime during the bloody war between Iran and Iraq (1980-1988), Obama tried to re-set relations.
His approach made sense. It was important to repair the image of the United States by reaching out to the Iranian people. Obama was on a roll when he made repeated references to the concept of justice in international relations in his famous Cairo speech. His YouTube message to Iranians on the occasion of the Persian new year (21 March) was brimming with positive signals such as respect, trust and shared destiny.
Obama's charm offensive was making an impression on Iran, one that the conservative leadership was ill-prepared to respond to. But the effects of this initiative were soon overshadowed by state brutality against dissidents to quell social unrest.
All of a sudden Obama's carefully measured approach to Iran risked being seen as an endorsement of the clerical regime. The offer of unconditional talks on Iran's nuclear program had to be quietly dropped in favour of a more critical position.
Not surprisingly, President Ahmadinejad used this to argue that there is no difference between Obama and his predecessors. This was a major setback for Obama's policy of engagement.
On the exit strategy from Iraq and Afghanistan, Obama has pursued two very different priorities. The formal hand over of responsibility for security to the Iraqi government is complete and US troops are now confined to barracks, in preparation of a staged departure.
Despite optimism about the Iraqi government's ability to provide security and protect its citizens against terrorist and sectarian violence, the risk of being blown up is still very real.
Even more risky is the prospect of Kurdish cessation, a topic that has been quietly sidetracked by diplomats. But Kurdish political parties maintain irregular armies and have a history of fighting Saddam for independence.
Regime change in Iraq has offered the Kurds significant autonomy over Kurdistan, leading to claims of ownership over hydrocarbon resources that lie below. Tension between Kurds and Arabs is an unresolved issue and could potentially spill over into open hostility.
In other words, on the eve of the US departure, the future trajectory of Iraq as a stable and cohesive state is far from certain.
President Obama has described the war in Afghanistan as a 'war of necessity'. In the wake of the September 11 attacks, there was a unity of purpose on the global stage on removing the Taliban from power. But the toppling of the Taliban has not made Afghanistan safe and free of Islamic extremism. Nor is this an irreversible process.
Wide spread fraud at the August election has seriously hurt the standing of the incumbent President Hamid Karzai and shaken the confidence of the international community in the Afghan government.
Karzai has made little progress in terms of creating a functioning, let alone democratic, state. Nepotism and horse-trading with provincial chiefs has eroded popular confidence in the central government and opened the political space for a resurgent Taliban.
The Obama Administration finds itself committing more and more troops to a conflict that shows no signs of relenting.
In 2001, going into Afghanistan to deal with the Taliban and al-Qaeda may have been a war of necessity, but in 2009 this is looking more and more like a war to save face and protect friends.
The United States, the most powerful military power in the world, cannot afford to be defeated by the rag-tag Taliban. Neither can it allow the new political order it helped into place be overrun by rabid anti-American forces.
In short, the United States is stuck in Afghanistan.
This brings me to the last point. The United States has a history of supporting unpopular regimes because they provide stability and predictability. This has meant turning a blind eye to highly questionable practices in pro-US states like Egypt and Saudi Arabia because asking questions and pushing for political openness could be exploited by anti-American players.
So the policy has been to not rock the boat, a feature that is becoming prominent in Afghanistan today. This policy has long term repercussions for the standing of the United States in the region. Not rocking the boat today because US-friendly regimes may lose power in open political contest means that the US is chipping away at the foundations of its soft power.
In his famous Cairo speech Obama made some vague references to the notion of popular sovereignty. It is understandable that Obama is tip-toeing around the question of democracy in the Middle East.
The Bush legacy of imposing democracy via regime change has given democracy a very bad name. But the Middle East is in desperate need of a shake-up to bring incumbent regimes into line with popular wishes. The United States cannot afford to ignore the democratic impulses of the Middle East.
Barack Obama has inherited some faulty policies from his predecessor and is now facing a complex and potentially volatile region. It remains to be seen to what extent his Middle East policy can break free from past practices and dodge repercussions of past missteps.
Topics: world-politics
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2:45 p.m. (EST): The Boston Police Department has announced that "there has not been an arrest in the Marathon attack." Investigations are ongoing.
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Letters Containing Ricin Sent to President, Two Senators [UPDATED]
1:10 p.m. (EST): A third letter, this one sent to Senator Joe Manchin (D.-W.V.), has been found to contain ricin.
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The Secret Service says that a letter containing a suspicious substance and addressed to President Obama was received on Tuesday at a White House mail facility. This comes just after a letter sent to Senator Roger Wicker (R.-Miss.) was found to contain the poison ricin.
Twin Explosions at Boston Marathon Finish Line [UPDATED]
9 p.m. (EST): The final press conference of the day with Massachusetts Governor Deval Patrick, Boston Police Commissioner Ed Davis and various other officials just concluded. The FBI is now leading investigations of the events. Davis confirmed that three people were killed in today's blasts.
CNN is reporting that one of the victims killed was an 8-year-old boy. The Wall Street Journal had reported that as many as five other unexploded devices were found around Boston, but investigators now doubt that they were actually bombs.
Last-Minute Tax Tips: Filing an Extension, Payment Plans, What Happens if You Don't Pay
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