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What happens during the mommy makeover surgery?Every patient has a different goal in mind when they seek a Mommy Makeover surgery. Therefore, the extent of the procedure will depend upon the needs and goals of the patient. For a patient looking for a complete body makeover, the surgery may involve both breasts being lifted and a tummy tuck procedure. This involves two separate surgical procedures to enhance the appearance of the breasts and a flat stomach.
However, one of the most common requests from the patients is to get a flatter stomach. The top stomach area is most important for a majority of Mommy Makeover procedures. This may involve consultation to determine whether the patient is an ideal candidate for just the liposuction procedure, or a liposuction along with a tummy tuck.
Another common request is to have the breasts restored back to the time when they were pregnant or breastfeeding. Some patients want to have nice, full and firm breasts restored through the Mommy Makeover procedure. Such patients may also be good candidates for a breast implant. All these options can be evaluated and discussed with the patient during the consultation, and only thereafter will Dr. Kwan and his team arrive at the best-desired Mommy Makeover procedure for each of the patients.
With reference to the above, it is important patients understand that the recovery time following a Mommy Makeover surgery primarily depends on the type and intensity of the work done in a patient. For example, if a particular Mommy Makeover procedure consists of a breast lift and liposuction, then the recovery time will be relatively quick. Such patients will be able to return to their normal routines within a week or so. However, if the process involved an extensive surgical procedure like a tummy tuck, then the recovery will be much longer in comparison. Such patients will have to limit their activities for a time period of about three to four weeks.
Back to Mommy Makeover Home Page
- Mommy Makeover Manhattan - Which Manhattan area patients are proper candidates for a "Mommy Makeover?"ť
- Mommy Makeover Plastic Surgery New York City - What is the recovery time for a mommy makeover?
- Breast and Body Contouring with Mommy Makeover in New York - Breast and body contouring in New York with the Mommy Makeover procedure
- Mommy Makeover New York City - What is a mommy makeover?
- Mommy Makeover Surgery in New York City - What happens during the mommy makeover surgery?
- Mommy Makeover New York - What are the common plastic surgeries done during a New York mommy makeover?
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Edmund Kwan, M.D.5
Tina R.
Dr. Kwan is by far the most talented surgeon I have EVER crossed paths with. I came to Dr. Kwan after an under eye fat transplant, performed 'by another' plastic surgeon, which deformed my face. It was only until I was under Dr.Kwan's care that the deformity was corrected. Dr. Kwan literally gave me back my beauty. This was a priceless feeling. That was about 4 years ago, I can assure you ever since- Dr. Kwan is the ONLY plastic surgeon I trust my face and body to. I look forward to my body contouring procedure coming up in a few weeks!! :)
Edmund Kwan, M.D.5
Mascha N.
The staff treated me very kindly, with respect and genuine smiles. Dr Kwan is a real professional in my opinion. He took the time to listen to my story, addressed my concerns and took his time to walk me through the process and give me his opinion and explanation on his recommendation. I had my surgery in his practice and we went over everything again before I met up with the anesthesiologist, who was equally as nice and professional as everyone else at his practice. We started counting bikes ... and after bike #6 I fell a sleep. When I woke up, he was there to tell me I did great and before I knew it I was in a taxi cab back home with my best friend who came to pick me up. So I don't know if this is typical, but I had no pain whatsoever after the surgery. . I am very very happy with the results. Dr Kwan did an amazing job and I couldn't be more pleased.
Edmund Kwan, M.D.5
Rocky P.
I was involved in an automobile accident last May, 2013. The outcome from the emergency room left me with 5 stitches on the bridge of my nose, and the tip of my nose was missing due to the severe impact of the accident. I called and scheduled an appointment to visit Dr. Kwan so he could assess my nose. Upon arriving to the office, I was immediately impressed with the facility, service, and professionalism of his staff. Dr. Kwan met with me and examined my nose and in detail, he explained the approach he would take in order to get my nose like brand new again.On the day of my surgery, I was met by Dr Kwan, who performed the surgery, himself. His Anesthesiologist was very informative and professional as well. The outcome of Phase 1 was a success. In addition to that, the staff even called my medication into the pharmacy that way it would be ready as soon as I left the office. My nose is 98% back to normal, I now look forward to Phase 2 to be completed. After that procedure is done I am positive my nose will look absolutely perfect and I will be back to my confident self again. Thanks Dr Kwan and Staff.
Edmund Kwan, M.D.5
Glenn C.
I have had several surgeries with Dr Kwan, and would recommend him highly. Liposuction of abdomen and love handles came out smooth. Upper eyelids look younger and refreshed, and the Basal Cell Cancer he cut out of my nose is not even visible, despite the fact that it was right along the rim of my left nostril.
Edmund Kwan, M.D.5
T. Cannon
I have been using Dr Kwan for over 10 years now. I have had many different procedures and all of them have turned out great. One of the breast augmentations had a crimp in the left breast and he had no problem going in to revise it to assure my satisfaction. I have always liked the way he answers each of my concerns and we go over everything for each procedure I've done several times to assure we are on the same page :) Take a list of any questions or concerns and I guarantee you will love your results no matter what procedure he is doing for you! .
*Individual results may vary


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Skip to comments.Don't serve carbon lies, ACCC warns (Australia's draconian Carbon Police)
Posted on 05/25/2012 9:09:48 AM PDT by JohnKinAK
SHOPS and restaurants could face fines up to $1.1 million if waiters or sales staff wrongly blame the carbon tax for price rises or exaggerate the impact. And households are being warned to watch out for telephone scammers offering to deposit carbon tax compensation into their bank accounts.
The prices watchdog, the ACCC, will today launch its countdown to the July 1 carbon tax with a special focus on helping small businesses understand their obligations and consumers to be vigilant for false claims.
It is releasing internet videos to help business, a 16-page guide and has set up a dedicated website www.accc.gov.au/carbon.
ACCC deputy chairman Dr Michael Schaper told the Herald Sun companies were entitled to increase their prices and did not have to justify or explain why.
"It is business as usual,'' Dr Schaper said.
But if they blamed the carbon tax they must be able to prove it and not use it as a cover for other price increases related to wages, rent or stock.
"If a business claims that a price is linked to the carbon price, that claim must be truthful and have a reasonable basis,'' he said.
Dr Schaper said the warning applied to comments made by staff over the phone, on the shop floor or in meetings. It also covers advertising, product labels, websites, invoices, contracts and contract negotiations.
The ACCC has the power to force a business to substantiate that a price rise has been caused by the carbon tax. The guide explains what businesses can and cannot do, and provides a checklist to follow.
Dr Schaper said businesses must be sure price rises were "based on your own costs''.
Insult the Emperor and off with your head.
Please tell me this is a joke.
When a commie dictator tells you to bend over and take it you're not allowed to tell anyone that a commie dictator told you to bend over and take it.
That's in line with what communism is all about.
It certainly doesn't *look* like a joke.I read the Sydney Morning Herald on a semi-regular basis and from what I can tell this tax is *very* unpopular.Perhaps "naturalman1975",an Aussie member who I've pinged,might want to weigh in on this.He's right up to date on Australian politics and current events.
Affirmative, it is effectively speech control, and thought control.
It requires those that speak against leftist policy to have assembled, audited and recorded proof of truth, to the satisfaction of the leftie commissar or have their entire wealth confiscated.
In addition, price rises in all services and stock purchased by the individual are assumed to be NOT caused by carbon taxes, without the same proof (unavailable to the purchaser).
Notice that the LEFT and the public masters are NOT required to provide proof of ANYTHING they allege.
Not only Veee vil make you bend backwards, ve vil also determine that you love it.
My understanding is that Gilliard has a razor thin majority...two or three votes...and at least one of those votes is a "Green".I think I read someplace (the Sydney Morning Herald?) that that tax was enacted solely to keep that one "Green" on board so that Gilliard could stay in office.I certainly may have misread the piece or misunderstood what I was reading but if that's the case it doesn't speak well of Gilliard's ambition and lust for power.Of course we have that type here in the States...as anyone who's following Obabam's reelection campaign knows.
And BTW...what time is it there?? Something like 2AM??? Maybe that explains your typos! ;-)
100% serious. Leftists gone wild, in this case a Greens-Labor government.
There is no general constitutional protection of freedom of speech (or anything much else) in Australia, so anything that can get through parliament is the law of the land (unless it demeans illegal immigrants arriving by boat, in which case the High Court will strike it down).
This piece of garbage (the law) barely scraped through parliament, and is the responsibility of both an incompetent and malicious Prime Minister desperate to cling to power and of "independents" thinking they can engage with rabid leftists.
The Labor party didn't win enough seats in the last election to retain government. Thankfully, the Greens had managed to get one (1) member of parliament elected, so their leader Julia Gillard, whose electorate is very blue-collar industrial with an oil refinery, a Toyota factory, small manufacturing, and logistics depots, naturally took all of two nanoseconds to throw her own constituents under the bus, climb into bed in with the Greens, and renege on an explicit campaign promise not to introduce a carbon tax.
Because that was what she had to do for her and The Party to cling to power, that's what she did, her constituents be damned.
There are also a number of "independent" parliamentarians whose votes were needed for Labor to maintain power, and who could have stopped this insane, reckless government at any time in the last few years, but chose not to. They are equally culpable.
It's not a joke - and to a certain extent I don't think it's unjustified.
The Carbon Tax is certainly not justified, nor is it a good idea, and it also represents a serious broken election promise and what is basically a lie by the Prime Minister.
But what this particular article is about, is about attempts to prevent dishonest business price-gouging consumers by raising prices simply to increase their own profits and lying to consumers by saying those rises are due to the carbon tax.
For a company to fall foul of these laws, they will have to lie to their customers. They are certainly permitted to raise their prices if they choose to - on the basis that the market will determine whether or not people are willing to pay the new price. If they are, the company will increase its profits. If they're not, it will lose money. The market will decide the price. What they are not permitted to do is blame a price rise on the carbon tax unless the carbon tax is genuinely what has lead to the increase in price.
They can raise prices. They just can't lie about the cause. If they claim that the carbon tax is what has lead to increased prices, they need to be able to demonstrate that - and it should not be hard if its true - if they can show their power bill has increased, for example, or the costs of raw materials they use has increased, it should be simple to show that that they are just passing that increase onto their customers.
The carbon tax is bad. Allowing companies to lie to customers to increase profits is also bad.
Absolutely accurate. At the last election, Labor won 72 seats, and the Liberal/National coalition won 73 seats, in the 150 seat House of Representatives, control of which determines who forms government - you need 76 seats in your hands on at least the basic issues of confidence and supply (the budget) to form a government.
One seat went to a Green, four to Independents. To form government, Labor had to get at least four of those five to support them, the Coalition had to get at least three.
Labor wound up forming government when the Green, and three of the four Independents went their way. At that point, one coalition MP chose to sit as an independent - he was prepared to be part of a Coalition government, but saw no value in remaining in coalition in opposition (a couple of weeks ago, he rejoined the coalition in a clear sign he expects them to be back in government soon - in case it sounds like he's disloyal, he's not really - his position is based on the will of his constituents, and of his state party, and everybody in the coalition understands the exceptional nature of his position and understood it prior to the election).
To get Green support, which she needed to take office, the Prime Minister had to agree to introduce the carbon tax she had categorically said she would not. That broken promise is the primary reason her government is in dire political straits.
Disclaimer: Opinions posted on Free Republic are those of the individual posters and do not necessarily represent the opinion of Free Republic or its management. All materials posted herein are protected by copyright law and the exemption for fair use of copyrighted works.

subset: commoncrawl


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The responses are generally contained in the comment field, after that particular blog post. Click the term "comments" below the actual post to read reader questions and responses.
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Click on a thumbnail to go to Google Books.
Edge of Infinity (2012)
by Jonathan Strahan (Editor)
No current Talk conversations about this book.
Great little short detailing the genesis of the epstein drive.
Mi relato favorito: The Girl-Thing Who Went Out for Sushi
Pat Cadigan - The girl-thing who went out for sushi
A slice of the future shows us a work-crew on Jupiter who ruminate on Two-Steppers and live a very different life...
Elizabeth Bear - The deeps of the sky
An alien pilot adapted to extreme conditions around a gas giant achieves a type of 'promotion' by a risky rescue of an human ship.
James S.A. Corey - Drive
Mars and Earth are in a confrontation, while a pilot is dying...
Sandra McDonald and Stephen D. Covey - The road to NPS
Rather 'busy' story, packs lots in, perhaps too much...
John Barnes - Swift as a dream and fleeting as a sigh
Somewhat elegiac in tone as an ai reflects while on a long, long spaceflight.
Paul McAuley - Macy Minnot's last Christmas on Dione, ring racing, Fiddler's Green, the Potter's Garden
A slice of life in the future as a daughter attends her artist father's funeral on Dionne, a moon of Saturn.
Kristine Kathryn Rusch - Safety tests
A rather dull story of a careful pilot examiner meeting her worst nightmare.
Gwyneth Jones - Bricks, sticks, straw
A set of interlinked intelligent agents exploring Jupiter seem to give up on their mission....
Tyche and the ants - Hannu Rajaniemi
Story of a little girl lost on the Moon, Rather too bizarre.
Stephen Baxter - Obelisk
On a Chinese-controlled Mars a failed astronaut/administrator has to deal with the dreams of a wealthy gene-engineered American.
Alastair Reynolds - Vainglory
A painful episode on Triton involving a contract for an unusual sculpture is dug up by an investigator.
An Owomoyela - Water rights
An accident loses vital water supplies being transported up from Earth to orbiting colonies but fate intervenes...
Bruce Sterling - The peak of eternal light
This story scales the heights - from marital bliss on Mercury to a new way of colonising space....
The Girl-Thing Who Went Out for Sushi by Pat Cadigan
The Deeps of the Sky by Elizabeth Bear
The Road To Nps by Sandra McDonald
Swift as a Dream and Fleeting as a Sigh by John Barnes
Macy Minnot's Last Christmas on Dione, Ring Racing, Fiddler's Green, the Potter's Garden (Short story) by Paul J. McAuley
References to this work on external resources.
Wikipedia in English
No descriptions found.
A new science fiction anthology that looks at the next giant leap for humankind: the leap from our home world out into the Solar System. The thirteen stories in this anthology span the whole of the human condition in its race to colonise Earth's nearest neighbors.… (more)
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[USA-SLOVENIA] Who says soccer isn't exciting? The USA stayed alive at the World Cup with a 2-2 tie against Slovenia after going two goals down in the first
half. There was a lot to like and not like about the U.S. performance in an incident-filled game ...
What we liked ...
-- How many times have we seen Michael Bradley come out of nowhere and charge into the penalty area to steal a goal? Bradley ran from a deep-lying position on to Jozy Altidore's knockdown and blasted it past Slovenia keeper Samir Handanovic for the equalizer.
-- No U.S. player has ever been under more pressure to produce at the World Cup than Landon Donovan, and he responded with the key early goal in the second half to get the Americans back in the game.
-- On a day when the USA had few ideas, Altidore was a force in the American attack. The Slovenian defenders struggled to handle the 20-year-old Altidore throughout the game.
-- The U.S. comeback marked only the fifth time in World Cup history a team has come back from two goals down at the half and earned a tie. The USA would have been the first team to come back from 2-0 down at the break and win if Malian referee Koman Coulibaly had not disallowed Maurice Edu's goal.
What we didn't like ...
-- All the defensive problems the USA displayed in its 4-2 loss to the Czech Republic last month were again on display against Slovenia. Its marking was nonexistent on the two Slovenian goals, but the fact of the matter is that it could have been worse. Time and again, the Americans left Slovenia acres of space or turned the ball over in dangerous situations.
-- Coulibaly's calls throughout the USA-Slovenia game were, to say the least, interesting. From beginning to end, Coulibaly had his hands full with an incident-filled game, and he didn't handle it well. A yellow card to Robbie Findley that will keep him out of the Algeria game? A foul on Edu's apparent winning goal? Only Coulibaly knows what happened. (In the interest of equal time, the Slovenians also had issue with Coulibaly's work.)
-- So much had been expected of Jose Francisco Torres after his solid second half against Turkey in the final game of the U.S. send-off series, but his insertion in the starting lineup against Slovenia -- the lone change from the England match -- simply didn't work out. His free kick stopped at the near post was his lone contribution in a disappointing first half.
-- Against a predictable England team and with the support of an organized backline, Oguchi Onyewu had a solid game against the English but was exposed badly against Slovenia, looking slow and tentative.
June 18 in Johannesburg
United States 2 Slovenia 2. Goals: Donovan 48, Bradley 82; Birsa 13, Ljubijankic 42.
United States -- Howard, Cherundolo, DeMerit, Onyewu (Gomez, 80), Bocanegra, Dempsey, Bradley, Torres (Feilhaber, 46), Donovan, Altidore, Findley (Edu, 46).
Slovenia -- S.Handanovic, Brecko, Suler, Cesar, Koren, Ljubijankic (Pecnik, 74; Komac 90), Birsa (Dedic, 87), Novakovic, Jokic, Kirm, Radosavljevic.
Yellow Card: Findley 40; Slovenia -- Cesar 35, Suler 69, Kirm 72, Jokic 75.
Referee: Koman Coulibaly (Mali).


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Burres Pitches 8 Shutout Inning For Indians
Indianapolis Indians 2, Lehigh Valley Iron Pigs 0
[ box ]
Brian Burres pitched 8 scoreless innings and struck out 9 batters.
Brian Burres earned his 5th win of the season tonight, but his first of the season at Victory Field, as the Indians beat the Iron Pigs, despite being out-hit 6-5.
Burres came into the game with a 4-9 record, but just happened to have earned all four of those wins on the road. He pitched a season-high 8 shutout innings and struck out a season-best 9 batters to earn that elusive home win.
Burres' toughest inning was the top of the 1st. Former Indy Indian CF Rich Thompson began the game with a line out right to Tribe 2B Jordy Mercer. 2B Josh Barfield ripped the first pitch he saw down the left field line and into the Indians' bullpen for a double. ...
This content is for Pirates Prospects subscribers only. Subscribers get access to all of our daily articles on the Pirates and their minor league system, with live coverage throughout the system on a daily basis. Our lowest rates are $2.22 per month under our Top Prospect Plan, which also gets you a 40% discount on the 2017 Prospect Guide. Subscribe today to access all of our daily coverage of the Pirates' system.
If you're already a member, you can log in below. If you think you're receiving this message in error, please e-mail firstname.lastname@example.com.
Nancy grew up in Rochester, NY, where her father indoctrinated her to the love of baseball as a small child. He taught her to keep score at the age of 5, and she hasn't stopped since. She now lives in the Indianapolis area with her husband and two sons. Nancy has followed the Indians on both the Most Valuable Network and the Bloguin group, before joining Pirates Prospects in 2011. She provides daily game recaps from Indianapolis, plus player analysis from the guys she sees live at the games.


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Coming back to say that the cake was great. The only thing is it wasn't airy and soft enough. I will use this cake to go with the cream cheese or buttercream frosting, but I am making a whipped cream frosting and the cake is want should be fluffier. I did love the cake tho!
8/7/11 at 2:53pm


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With two ways to go "All-Access," now's your chance to join The Early Show's Dave Price wherever the action is!
Tell us about your ultimate adventure and you could be whisked away on an "All-Access" weekend with Dave. Fridays in February and March, he will be doing his forecasts from the road. From each of the cities he visits (check list below and to the left), a viewer who has written in and can be at the live location will be taken on an an "All-Access" weekend getaway.
If you can't get to the cities Dave is visiting, you can win an amazing "All-Access" weekend by playing at home. Each Wednesday through March 28, we'll ask a question about Dave's past weekend's "All-Access" adventure. Every correct answer gets you a chance at the ultimate "All-Access" weekend -- a trip for two to the Tony Awards, to be broadcast live on CBS on June 10, 2007. Click on the button above to answer the question.


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|Artificial Caving Systems
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In many ways, caves provide the only 'true adventure' left to man.
Caves are obstacle courses or climbing walls without the rules. There are no parameters or off-limit zones, there are no observers taking notes and there is no pass or fail mark at the end. Exploring a cave is usually governed by a time or a passage choice but the entire method by which a cave explorer gets from point A to B is entirely between the caver and the designer of the cave.
As the worlds premier artificial cave manufacturer, Entre-Prises UK boasts the design, manufacture and installation of both the worlds largest indoor and outdoor artificial caving systems!
We design each of our caving systems individually giving a bespoke and unique solution to your space, design and budgetary requirements and make sure that your satisfaction is our top priority.
We also have our own unique patented caving technology - The Speleo System. The Speleo System allows you to build your own caving complex to your requirements and reconfigure it at a moments notice.


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The mafiabikes bbkush (baby kush) 16 inch wheel based BMX is perfect for children aged around 5-8 looking to become that rad BMX rider. This kids BMX has been designed to be a perfectly scaled down 16 inch version of the standard 20 inch BMX, and it's suitable for kids around 5-8 year olds. Is your child over 8 years old or tall for his age? Check out our 18 inch madmain range. Please see our other models if you require a BMX for 11 years up.
Quality BMX grips and pedals from £12!
Harry Main 18" complete BMX


text:
Andrew Brown, an incisive observer of the Anglican church, has a biting column about what's happening in Anglicanism. Read it:
What, you gave a schism and nobody came? When six people hold a press briefing and three journalists attend, you know the story is over, and on Tuesday morning that is what happened when the evangelical wing of the Church of England announced – yet again – its plans to rebel against any open accommodation with gay people. [Read more…]


text:
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text:
Thrift, Training, and Temperance
Stephen Pimpare, author of A People's History of Poverty in America, poses an interesting question: "What happens if instead of asking 'How has policy changed over time?' we invert our analysis and ask the question 'How has the experience of being poor and in need changed over time?'" One of the consequences of doing that, he contends, is:
Among other things, instead of comforting ourselves with a relatively progressive story, a forward-moving story, an evolutionary story, that no matter how bad things may be at any given moment in time, they have in fact gotten better, what I argue is in fact the constants, the consistency of that experience of poverty over the course of American history has changed much less than we might like to believe. [11]
The same might also be said of the policies and plans for alleviating poverty. Many have been around, in one guise or another, since the early 1800s and have tended to emphasize thrift, training, and temperance.
In Fighting Poverty with Virtue, Joel Schwartz notes that 19th century reformers stressed the need to help poor people by:
[E]nabling them to help themselves, specifically by inculcating and encouraging the poor to practice the virtues of diligence, sobriety, and thrift (alternatively, by pressing them to avoid what can be thought of as the three "I's" – indolence, intemperance, and improvidence). To mitigate poverty, then, the poor needed to work and earn, to avoid drinking (which both made workers less employable and cost them money that could have been spent on more essential goods), and to spend within their means and if possible to save. [12]
To a certain extent that still holds true. The vocabulary may have changed, the degree of moral judgment may have moderated, and the overt sense of mission may have waned, but the underlying sentiment seems to have remained fairly constant. The emphasis in contemporary antipoverty efforts still seems to be on teaching, convincing, or coercing poor people to: a) make better financial decisions (thrift), b) lead more virtuous lives and exhibit greater self-discipline (temperance), c) stay in school (training), or d) some combination of the three.
Encouraging Thrift
The financial crisis of the early 21st century prompted an effort by the Department of the Treasury to "assist the American people in understanding financial matters and making informed financial decisions, and thereby contribute to financial stability" — particularly in low- and moderate-income communities. In addition, nonprofit organizations, government agencies, and financial institutions have been working to encourage people in low- and moderate-income households to save for specific purposes such as buying a house or financing education expenses through individual development accounts and matched savings programs.
Helping people to make better-informed financial decisions and encouraging thrift are worthwhile goals, but they are not new ones. Thrift Institutions — mutual savings banks and savings and loan associations — represented a 19th century innovation intended to encourage saving and make credit available to lowerincome people.
In 1810, the Reverend Henry Duncan established the world's first mutual savings bank in Scotland, the Savings and Friendly Society, for the benefit of his parishioners. Six years later, Reverend Duncan's idea took root in the United States when the Philadelphia Savings Fund Society and the Provident Institution for Savings (Boston) began to accept deposits. By 1860, Massachusetts alone had 89 mutual savings banks, which held over $45 million worth of savings deposits in more than 230,000 open accounts.
The mutual savings bank movement had definite moral underpinnings. Most mutual savings banks were founded and managed by people with a mission — public-spirited citizens of means who understood the ways of finance and were eager to help the "lower classes."
"The greatest good," wrote the Secretary of Boston's Provident Institution for Savings "is in affording the humble journeymen, coachmen, chamber-maids, and all kinds of domestic servants, and inferior artisans, who constitute two-thirds of our population, a secure disposal of their little earnings, which would otherwise be squandered."
Few, if any, mutual savings banks were concerned with making a profit because they were mutually owned by their depositors (as opposed to being owned by stockholders or other private investors). In fact, an officer of the Savings Bank of Baltimore proudly noted that his bank did not "take over $500 at any time, for any person. … We have several instances of women, who, during the summer, deposited a dollar per week. This is the most desirable kind of depositor, for all this is saved from luxury and dress."
Mutual savings banks were not equally popular in every region of the United States. In fact, the idea never quite caught on outside the Northeast. Professor Weldon Welfling offered the following explanation for their limited geographic appeal:
As the West was being settled there was no preexisting class of gentlemen with the sense of civic responsibilities that was held by the wealthier merchants of Philadelphia, Boston, Baltimore, and New York. The influence of gentlemen Quakers and Puritans was not predominant in the pioneer settlements, nor indeed was there a "lower class" dependent upon the wealthier for employment or for assistance when the employment was lacking. [13]
In other regions, savings and loan associations (S&Ls)
helped wage earners become homeowners. People banded
together, formed an association, and regularly deposited
their savings. Members of the early S&Ls usually shared a common affiliation, often working at the same occupation or living in the same neighborhood.
Most members of America's first S&L, the Oxford Provident Society (1831), worked in the textile trades and lived in Frankford, Pennsylvania. Many wanted to build or buy their own houses, but few were able to borrow money from conventional banks, which were primarily interested in commercial customers.
With no place else to turn, the textile workers and a few civic-minded citizens devised a system to create their own source of mortgage funding. Each member paid an initial fee of $5 and deposited $3 a month thereafter. Any member who missed 12 consecutive monthly payments could be expelled from the Society. (The 13 trustees who ran the Society were also subject to certain penalties: 25 cents for missing a scheduled meeting and 25 cents for attending a meeting in a state of intoxication.)
As the pool of savings grew, members of the Society were allowed to bid for mortgage funds. Records show that the Oxford Society's first homebuilding loan went to Mr. Comly Rich, who borrowed $375 and paid a $10 premium for the loan. (The premium took the place of interest.)
Providing Emergency Credit
Providing alternatives to "payday lending" is another contemporary antipoverty effort rooted in the 19th centur y. Payday loans — small, short-term, high-rate loans provided by check cashers, finance companies, and others — are targeted to low-income people in need of money for emergency expenses. Because the cost of using payday loans can be quite steep, a number of agencies and organizations have been trying to offer consumers alternatives. But one alternative has been in existence for more than a century: credit unions.
During the 19th and early 20th centuries, factory hands and salaried workers were expected to pay cash for whatever they needed, even in the case of a medical crisis or other emergency. Yet all too often, loan sharks and other unscrupulous lenders were the only source of emergency or personal credit. Credit unions offered a way for people in need to pool their funds and create an alternative source of inexpensive credit. Most were founded by people who shared the same workplace, lived in the same neighborhood, or belonged to the same house of worship. The first American credit union opened in New Hampshire in 1908, and Massachusetts adopted credit union legislation the following year.
Boston department store owner Edward A. Filene was an early proponent. He took the position that credit unions benefited employers as well as employees "because instead of having his workmen harassed by loan agents, the employer gets workmen, who, if they have to borrow in some emergency, borrow among the men with whom they are working and who help them get on their feet and get steady."
Another early credit union supporter was Massachusetts governor David I. Walsh, who observed that "credit unions would be more of a benefit to the masses of people than even the savings banks and the cooperative societies, for every banking door in the Commonwealth is barred to the man who wants to borrow $25 without security. That's the greatest thing a bout this movement; it reaches a class the banks cannot reach. It will help all."
Americans have an abiding belief in the power of education to serve as a vehicle for upward mobility — a way to transcend the circumstances of one's birth.
A sidewalk tile on Boston's School Street commemorates the 1635 founding of Boston Latin, America's first public school, and as far back as 1830 Horace Mann advocated universal public education funded by local taxes. Today, the biggest expenditure in almost any municipal budget is funding for education, and parents pay a premium for certain addresses in order to live in a "good" school district. That's how strongly we value education.
Our belief in the value of higher education stretches back at least to the 1860s when Congress passed the Morrill Act, which helped to establish more than 70 "land grant colleges," some of which are now among the world's most renowned institutions of higher learning. And 80 years later, the Servicemen's Readjustment Act of 1944 — better known as the G.I. Bill of Rights — opened college campuses to an even broader student population. The G.I. Bill's generous education benefits provided returning World War II veterans with an opportunity to improve their lives through higher education. As a result, college enrollment increased sharply and campuses expanded to meet the demand. Few measures, public or private, have done as much to reinforce the relationship between education and the prospects for a better life.
Little wonder, then, that so many people — parents, policy experts, politicians — maintain a strong belief that "in the 21st century, one of the best antipoverty programs is a world-class education." [14]
But what if we've moved into a world where some of our old assumptions no longer hold true? What if, instead of being a vehicle out of poverty, education has become a gate — a barrier to upward mobility? What if the inability to purchase credentials in the education marketplace keeps poor people out of jobs for which they might otherwise be qualified? What if the inability to finance higher education, even a two-year certificate program — now consigns poor people to a lifetime of low-wage service jobs? Or, even worse, what if they acquire the necessary credentials after going deeply into debt and still end up in a low-wage service job?
Just asking.
Attempts to alleviate poverty by encouraging or coercing men to consume less alcohol — an effort otherwise known as the temperance movement — gained momentum in the 1800s shortly after the Industrial Revolution reached America. The nature of work was changing rapidly, and as Joel Schwartz notes in Fighting Poverty with Virtue, "industrialization and the mechanization of agriculture increased the demand for workers who were efficient and reliable — in other words, sober." And since most of the opportunities for those workers were in urban areas, people a bandoned the countryside in large numbers.
Lured by city lights and the prospect of earning steady cash wages, migrants packed themselves into city neighborhoods that lacked even the most basic infrastructure to handle such an influx. All too often, the combination of squalid overcrowding, relative poverty, and alcohol led to predictable results: Troubling increases in "wife-beating, family desertion, and assaults, as well as heightened government expenditures to support drunkards and their families."[15]
Many antipoverty reformers responded by urging moderation or an outright ban on the sale and consumption of alcohol. Organizations such as the Women's Christian Temperance Union and the Anti-Saloon League gained and wielded considerable political influence during the late 1800s and early 1900s.
In 1917, Congress quickly approved the 18th Amendment, which prohibited the manufacture, sale, transport, import, or export of "intoxicating liquors." It took just 13 months for three-quarters of the states to ratify the amendment, and in October 1919 Congress passed the Volstead Act, which created a legal mechanism for enforcing Prohibition. (An interesting side note: If the 16th Amendment had not created a federal income tax in 1913, Prohibition might never have happened, because taxes on liquor were a primary source of government revenue.)
Although Prohibition ended in 1933, temperance continues to have an impact on antipoverty policy, but the emphasis is now on drugs rather than alcohol. Provisions of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996 gave states the authority to require drug testing of people who applyfor or receive public assistance benefits. As of early 2014, nine states had passed legislation regarding drug testing or screening of public assistance applicants or recipients, and at least 24 states had proposed similar measures.
Unlike earlier efforts to discourage or ban alcohol consumption, the antidrug temperance movement of the late 20th and early 21st century has led to unintended consequences for people living in or on the edge of poverty. Chief among these has been a sharp rise in the number of people imprisoned for drug-related offenses, a trend that has contributed to the United States having the highest incarceration rate in the industrialized world.
According to the Sentencing Project, an advocacy group for sentencing reform, "At the Federal level, prisoners incarcerated on a drug charge comprise half of the prison population, while the number of drug offenders in state prisons has increased thirteen-fold since 1980. Most of these people are not highlevel actors in the drug trade, and most have no prior criminal record for a violent offense."
Left unsaid is the impact such policies hav e on efforts to alleviate
poverty. Every dollar spent on incarceration or enforcement is a
dollar that might otherwise go to improve education, housing,
nutrition, and health care. Every person sent to prison for a nonviolent drug offense adds one more person to the rolls of exoffenders who will have difficulty finding a job.
Note to readers: For insight into the complexities of confronting drug use and treating addiction, take a few minutes to listen to this radio report: Recovering Addict Receives Unexpected Help produced by National Public Radio affiliate WBUR (Boston).
[11] Pimpare, Stephen, A People's History of Poverty in America, The New Press, 2008.
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[12] Schwartz, Joel, Fighting Poverty with Virtue, Indiana University Press, 2000.
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[13] Welfling, Weldon, Mutual Savings Banks; The Evolution of a Financial
Intermediary, Press of Case Western University, 1968.
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[14] President Barack Obama, State of the Union Address, January 27, 2010 http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index.php?pid=87433.
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[15] Schwartz, Joel, Fighting Poverty With Virtue, Indiana University Press, 2000.
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Greg Laden on Arctic Sea Ice - notice the difference between the first 10 ears up to 1988, and the last 10 years:
These are NSIDC figures, AFAIK.
Current Status of Arctic Sea Ice Extent – Greg Laden's Blog
Greg Laden on Arctic Sea Ice - notice the difference between the first 10 ears up to 1988, and the last 10 years:
These are NSIDC figures, AFAIK.
Current Status of Arctic Sea Ice Extent – Greg Laden's Blog
=> The Danger of Balanced Climate Science in the Media
"The structural causes of climate change are linked to the current capitalist hegemonic system."
Well. Here the outcome of U.S. hegemonic corporatism:
Poll: U.S. Leads The World In Climate Denial
The Climate Change Debate ThreadPS That stuff about the Bern Model and the IPCC is just shyte added by a denier on his website, and without scientific merit.
The fact that it was in a petro-state like Venezuela makes me suspect dirty work behind that so-called "Declaration" which has been reported so far only by right-wing media.
Calling for the end of carbon pricing and the "green economy" suggests you and other deniers should be supporting it.
ACP - Abstract - Simulating the integrated summertime ?14CO2 signature from anthropogenic emissions over Western EuropeAbstract. Radiocarbon dioxide (14CO2, reported in Δ14CO2) can be used to determine the fossil fuel CO2 addition to the atmosphere, since fossil fuel CO2 no longer contains any 14C. After the release of CO2 at the source, atmospheric transport causes dilution of strong local signals into the background and detectable gradients of Δ14CO2 only remain in areas with high fossil fuel emissions. This fossil fuel signal can moreover be partially masked by the enriching effect that anthropogenic emissions of 14CO2 from the nuclear industry have on the atmospheric Δ14CO2.......
We find that the average gradients of fossil fuel CO2 in the lower 1200 m of the atmosphere are close to 15 ppm at a 12 km × 12 km horizontal resolution.
EDIT: I just noticed the lead author of the report is D Bozhinova - is that you? If so, it would be appreciated if you could explain how your study was misinterpreted? I freely admit I have not yet read the paper but I will do so.
Last edited by realist; 24th July 2014 at 02:12 PM.


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Skin Cancer Surgery Option Available in Franklin County
FRANKLIN COUNTY, Pa. - The Summit Health Facilities in
Through the Summit
"It gives them access to care that they didn't have in the past so we can see them very rapidly once they are referred to our clinic usually within a week, and we are able to deal with it in that same amount of time, " said Dr. Carter Davidson M.D., P.H.D.
And for
"Actually in this area where there is a lot of farming a lot of outside work people tend to have been exposed to a lot of sun. Because of that we see an extensive number of patients both very young in their teens and 20's and very old in their 80's and 90's," said Dr. Joshua Dunklebarger M.D.
So far they say their patients are satisfied with the quick process, and also with the long term commitment
"People are happy with their reconstruction and we are able to monitor long term for their skin cancer, and provide an integral system to managing skin cancer," said Dr. Davidson.
If you would like more information on this skin cancer surgery option you can call the Summit


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Bulgarian President Georgi Purvanov ordered an investigation into last week's riots in which skin heads clashed with Romas. There are right wing groups in Bulgaria such ass the Bulgarian National Union(BNU) which continually abuse Romas, and, in many cases resort to physical assaults. Muslim and Jewish groups in Bulgaria have urged authorities to halt attacks on Romas because they are merely the initial object of right wing hatred, later it will turn against Muslims and Jews.
Interior Minister Petkov told Vladmir Rasete who heads the BNU to halt further provocation against Romas and to cease talking about forming a national guard. There are hopes a major European Union grant will provide decent housing for thousands of Romas.


text: Vivid Apps is giving away 25 Promo Codes for Lifecards! You can win this app by Retweeting this Post (use green retweet badge) Review [Update] Rating: Lifecards successfully breaks the monotony of regular emails and picture messages to convey that special message! Features: – More than 350 templates in 20 categories with more to come. – Up-to 4 photos per … Read More


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Cameras + Lenses
Yesterday, we shared a few of the cool new cameras that have debuted at CES in Las Vegas this week and now here's a new pro DSLR you can lust after: the Nikon D4S. Nikon announced at CES that it's developing this new camera but still has not said when it will go on sale, how much it will cost, or what the specification are. You can read a few details about the D4S, which will replace the two-year-old D4 as Nikon's "flagship" DSLR, at our sister publication, PDN Magazine.
Or just feast your eyes on the image below, which first appeared on PDNpulse.


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As this interview with Kathleen Geier and James Tindwa points out, there are dozens of plausible reasons why Clinton lost the election, all of which likely contributed. But often overlooked is her campaign's failure to engage her party's more liberal members and acknowledge the damage trade agreements like NAFTA did in the Rust Belt. As a result, many voters saw so little difference between her and Trump they felt no compelling need to vote. This played right into the hands of the GOP, which has made suppressing Democratic voters a key part of its strategy.
The GOP has done a remarkable job of convincing working people it's on their side despite not being on their side at all. It started with Nixon and continued with Reagan, Bush and now Trump. Until the Democrats realize that they need to win back this constituency by actually working on their behalf they will continue to be the minority party at every level of government.