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I would take the beretta over the taurus and the ruger over both.
Hi All,
I need your opinions on choosing the right handgun.
I have narrowed my choice down to the following three brands and in 9mm.
1. Ruger P95 (KP(95PR)
2. Taurus PT111SSP.
3. Beretta PX4 Storm.
I want something small, accurate, and easy to carry.
Some of you may have other choices then those above so please let me know that also.
I'm rather leaning towards the Taurus, but all are appealing.
Thanks for the help.
I would take the beretta over the taurus and the ruger over both.
"I need your opinions on choosing the right handgun"
what do you want it for ie CCW, home defence, 1 and 3 of your choices seem big "I want something small, accurate, and easy to carry" look at the M&P 40C or 9C I carry a M&P 40 or 9C with +P loads for ccw I'm not sure I would say ether is very small but shoot very well and for me easy to carry. They make smaller but understand I never want to have to shoot someone (in self defence) and piss them off.
yes, I want it for Home Defense and to carry. I want it reliable and easy to break down and clean. I like the Beretta, however they are a little pricey compared to the Taurus and the Ruger. but thats OK if the Beretta is the better of the three.
Thanks God your not a astronaut or a soldier, being sent into outer space or off to war with something built by the lowest bider.
All three of the manufactuers you mentioned are good (personally not a fan of Taurus but some people swear by them),,, hes not looking to hipoint or pheonix, so by no means should he knocked for sticking with his price range. You can find a high quality used gun for hundreds less than new. Glock, Sig, CZ , Beretta for well under $400.
If you want a small carry auto, then you should be looking at small autos, and not at standard-sized autos. Beretta makes the just introduced PX4Storm Compact. Walther has the PPS, and there are several Kahrs that will fit your req's. There are also compact versions of Glocks (the 26/27), XD, M&P, and Walther P99 that will also work. IMO these will be more accurate and more reliable than a PT111. Of course they should be, as they do cost more. The extra cost is worth it, if you are going to depend your life on it.
I see you are in Southern California. Check your local phone book for indoor pistol ranges and rent and shoot your choices. This will help narrow it down and give you a "real" feel for the HG before you plunk your hard earned money down.
As indicated by PhilR, if you want a small, accurate and easy to carry HG, then you need to look in the compact and subcompact models unless you are a really big person and can carry a full size service pistol comfortably.
Good luck with you search.
The M&P's are getting a lot of attention these days. They are pretty nice pistols and well worth a good look for anyone looking for a 1st gun or to add to a collection. The XD fills the bill pretty well too there are a lot of fans of those around this site. the Ruger P95 Taurus PT111 are supposed to be pretty good guns but I'm not a fan of either. Beretta makes a good gun.
I'm a 1911 fan but I usually wont tell people to get them. Pick one up and see how you like the feel. You'll know then if a 1911 would be right for you. New shooters would just need to know that a 1911 needs to be cleaned more than most "combat" style guns. Especially the higher end tighter fit ones. I think if it was me looking for a first gun I'd lean to the M&P's. I just like the way they feel.
for a ccw the glock 26 would be my choice. The recoil is a bit much but anything small and light weight is going to have that when 9mm or larger caliber.
I know where you are coming from, I looked and looked.
I didn't buy any of the above. I bought a Kahr PM9 and after putting a couple of hundred rounds through it it's the best.
9mm and yet I can carry it in a pocket holster in the front pocket of my jeans. Maybe I am self concious but I want to carry in a way that even I don't know I am carrying. The PM9 nails it.
Think very, very carefully before you buy. Test out the pistol with a couple of holsters. Do you see it? Is it comfortable? Is the weight OK?
I can carry the PM9 ISWB small of the back, pocket, paddle, whatever.
Like my PM9 a lot! Nice gun. Now that winter is coming, I am carrying a PX4SC 9 or the PM9 depending on clothes.
You can add me to the list of PM9 carriers. It's the one I carry most during the summer. I don't carry it as much during the winter, as I can hide my G26 easily under a jacket.
The Kahr CW9 is also a good choice. Only slightly larger than a PM, but a whole lot less expensive.
I really appreciate all your help folks, but now I'm not so sure that my choices are that good now.
You have introduced some nice pieces that I had not thought of and now I have added more possibilities to the list.
I hate that when it happens as I'm plum tuckered out from searching.
I'm about ready to buy a Colt 45 Army Issue and just carry in around in a suit case.
I like the size of the PX4, the looks of the Ruger and the price of the Taurus. I did surf the net on the Kahr PM9 and that's a nice little guy, but there were some complaints as to fit and finish.
Anyway, the search is still on.
BTW, would any of you consider a .380 rather then the 9mm for a CCW?
Hey go to the range that rents guns and try some out, there are a few the will let you try as you are going to buy. .380 = 9mm same bullet one has the bite of a poodle and the other a pitbull, but of the flip side google the FBI Miami shoot out and you choose. The goal should never be to kill someone but it should be to terminate the attack keeping in mind (dead men tell no lies) I have carried a 9 for years and changed to the 10mm lite or 40 cal. The Firearm you choose needs to be comfortable to you, both in shooting and carry. I dont think the .380 will make a good home defence gun. its a lil small. 9 would be about as small as I would go but opinions are like A-- holes and everyone has one and I'm no different.
hey, i almost went with the beretta px4 storm, but instead i went with the Springfield XD-9, and i LOVE my gun. i havent shot either of the others. all i can say from what i have heard from law enforcement is to stay away from taurus. however, thats law enforcement and may serve a better purpose for you.
I have been picking everybody's brain that I can and after checking with a few cop friends as well, they have all unanimously said the Glock 27 .40 is the way to go. It has the stopping power and does not kick anymore then the 9mm. I was wondering if any of you have seen the OD Green model up close and is it a little more attractive then the black?
I see there are some terrific prices on the Internet for these guns, but you have to go through your local dealer for the paper work and transfer.
It this a hassle and are the local gun dealers a little hesitant because you are buying from another dealer?
Does the local dealer charge a lot for this service?
Do you have to set it up with the local dealer before you buy on the internet?
Thanks again.
personally, i dont like the OD frame, i prefer the all black.
i dont know of anyone that has bought on the internet buy gotten the papers locally, but i could image they probably dont like to do it often, but idk.
maybe someone else on here will have experienced this before.


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6 thoughts on "Ніна-Вільтрауд Крохмалюк розповіла про свій новий образ"
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subset: commoncrawl


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Images of Lenovo's X200 lightweight laptop have surfaced, and it looks exactly the way you imagined it would. IBM's design language is here to stay.
The problem, if it is one, is that the look was never that good to begin with; it's trying to be the Little Black Dress of notebook computers, a kind of Cayce Pollard laptop free of caprice and ornament, but doesn't quite it pull it off.


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Final report cards are coming out soon but parents are learning those grades are definitely not as simple as they once were.
Should kids be allowed to fail?
The issue is popping up in a national debate about consequences and grades after a teacher in Edmonton was recently suspended for handing out zeros.
How does it work in Regina?
The short answer is that there is no written rule against failing or handing out zeros to high school students in both Public and Catholic schools in Regina. However, some teachers who don't want to be named have said the pressure to pass is implied.
For today's teachers, to fail or not to fail does not have a simple yes or no answer. It's more like an essay question.
Teachers and parents alike are also discovering that the direction of all education is moving away from giving failing grades or holding students back.
Regina Public Schools: failing doesn't work
Mike Walter is the deputy director of instruction and school services for RPS and he says there are very good reasons behind this philosophy.
In fact, he says failing students' works against them in the long run and is actually the number one predictor of dropping out.
Before they get to high school, failing students goes against 'best practices' in education, it's possible but requires a lengthy consultation process and is considered to be a last ditch resort.
So how often does that actually happen?
"We've never actually collected the data say from grades one to eight to determine how many students per year are actually retained," he said.
"We collect a lot of data, that's the piece we do not collect because it really doesn't inform our work. What's more important is how the students themselves are actually achieving so that's what we focus on."
Some parents and teachers wonder what kids learn about consequences when they know they can't fail.
Walter doesn't believe consequences of failing are actually effective.
"That whole concept of consequences and here's what will happen to you if you don't do that, research shows that really is not a way to get students to learn," he says.
Teachers like the one in Edmonton argued against perceived no- zero or no fail policies because it leaves them no options for consequences.
Mike Walter RPS: 'Grades as consequences not a way to get kids to learn'
Walter says that just becomes a challenge for teachers in motivation because there could be many reasons why kids aren't engaged in learning.
"Once in a while they may throw out the example of 'well you can't fail me anyways' but there are multiple reasons why children are not engaged in learning," he commented.
"Quite often we find that when they're not engaged it's the fact that there are things happening outside the school that are really impacting on the child."
Instead of giving failing grades, Walter says teachers need to come at it from a different angle and try to determine the reasons why they won't do it.
Even if the reason they're not doing the work is because the material is not appropriate for their level, Walter says that doesn't mean the kid should be held back because it's best practice to move them on with their age group rather than run the risk of negative social factors motivating them to give up or drop out.
Regina Catholic Schools: 'reasons student's don't engage are specific'
Janet Chabott is one of the Assistant Superintendents in Education Services for Regina Catholic Schools and she agrees with this philosophy when it comes to students who don't do their work.
"There (are) definite reasons and they're very specific to family situations, to learning abilities," she said, referring to reasons kids fail.
"All of those things are going to be considered and we'll work very hard to try to identify why the student is failing to engage."
Before considering the option of holding students back or letting them fail a class, Chabott explained that Catholic Schools use a tiered system of support for students to help get them through the material.
First they try strategies to adapt work to meet the specific needs of the student in the classroom and then they go to resource teachers for help.
Regina Catholic Schools: 'possible to fail but it doesn't happen very often because of supports'
Cheryl Exner who is also an assistant superintendent with the Catholic school division, explained that these supports lead to lower rates of failing.
"It's definitely possible (to fail) but it doesn't happen very often because of those interventions that are in place," she said.
Exner added the point that when they do decide to hold a student back, it's a very complex process involving meetings between school staff, parents and people who work for the division.
Ministry of Education: assessment will be the same for all students
Now the Saskatchewan government is insisting that the assessment process to show what they do or don't know is the same at every school. The Ministry of Education has introduced this province-wide initiative in order to improve over-all academic achievement in schools.
This means that they are tested at the beginning of the school year and at the end. That info is passed on to the teacher in the next grade even if they aren't meeting all the outcomes.
Walter used an example of pre-assessing a student and realizing he or she is in grade 4 but their reading comprehension is only at a grade one level or below.
"All we can do is work from where they're at and bring them along as much as we can based upon the information we get from the pre-assessment and what we consider be the best instructional practices to meet the needs of that student," says Walter.
"It's not simplistic, it's complex, the best practice is not to retain kids because of negative social issues," Mike Walter explained.
Some teachers and education professionals who aren't comfortable using their names have pointed out that it's not the kids who need help that are the issue, it's the ones who aren't motivated to do their work.
Walter: 'high schools should have better supports for students'
So what happens in high school when they don't always have all the skills to do all the work or keep up but they can fail an assignment or a class?
Walter says RPS is looking at changing the high school system to provide better supports.
Restructuring high school so failing students could make up more work rather than repeating whole class
'Walter went on to say that we need to restructure high school so when students aren't successful in completing a class they won't have to re-take it entirely.
So rather than making students re-take a class when they haven't met all the outcomes they will simply be told to make up for what they haven't learned yet with the help of resource or 'transitional' teachers.
"You know these 7 outcomes but we need you to learn these other 8 outcomes to move on but we won't make you take the course over again," he said.
Provincial Auditor's Report: Graduation rates dropping - top priority to improve for government
The latest report from the provincial auditor showing that graduation rates are hovering around the 72 per cent mark and they even dropped by three per cent between 2005 and 2009. The government has said improving these graduation rates is a top priority. However the auditor's report criticized this goal as to general, saying the Ministry of Education has failed to set out specific goals and explain to school divisions how they want to meet them.
If the goal is to graduate more students, administrators say that rather than being caught up in making students repeat classes when they don't finish by June, the system should be more flexible. They say it shouldn't be about grades and failing, instead education should be focussed on teaching kids different ways to learn and getting them through the classes they need to graduate.


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Science Communication – illuminating the darkness
by Bill Morris
I've only started working at the Centre for Science Communication in the last year, and I'm constantly amazed at the talent of the people who come to the Centre to learn and advance their science communication methods. Our weekly Thursday seminars are an opportunity for students to see what their classmates are up to and for the public to get a taste of what goes on here.
In the past few weeks we've seen some amazing seminars. Highlights have been Steve Ting drinking his own urine before necking an entire bottle of sleeping pills (homeopathic ones – ironically Steve reported having problems getting to sleep that night); Tom MacFadden, aka "the Rhymbosome" demonstrating his rapping technique and Adam May giving a humourous and illuminating insight into the future of in vitro meat – the future of food?
What all these three seminars have had in common is the engagement of interesting and eye-catching methods to communicate science. Tom has just returned from a nationwide tour of schools, rapping science to (and with) students. Steve has been working with NHNZ to create ultra-slow motion footage of explosions as a means of communicating chemistry. Adam is working with Rodney August to produce a film about in vitro meat, which will premiere on November 16th as part of the annual Regent film screening.
There's a lot more to science communication than making films and writing – each of these people are in their own way pushing the boundaries of how science is communicated.
To me science is all about pushing out against the darkness – when we look out into the immensity of the universe, we see an immensity that we cannot begin to grasp. When we observe nature at it's smallest scale we encounter equally mind-bending mystery. Science is the eyes and ears that peer into this darkness. Science communication is the torch beam that illuminates human understanding with the information those eyes and ears gather.
This week it was announced that New Zealand will share a part of the planned SKA telescope. This array of radio antennae spread across three countries; South Africa, Australia and New Zealand will allow scientists to peer back in time to the early stages of the Universe and may give us our best chance yet of detecting extra-terrestial life. It is a shining example of how we as a species continue to strive towards understanding. Science communication has an incredibly important role in ensuring as many people on this planet as possible share in this understanding.
This of course presents huge challenges. How do you disseminate highly complicated science to a diverse global audience in a way that ensures the key concepts are understood, while avoiding "dumbing it down" so that the essential quality (and beauty) of the information is not lost?
I believe the work of many of the students here at the Centre is world-leading in tackling this challenge. I encourage anyone around Dunedin on a Thursday lunchtime to come and check out what's happing in our seminar room, it's amazing what you can learn!
War. What is it good for?
by Bill Morris
My friend Lemuel Lyes is writing a fascinating blog based on his interest in history:
In a recent post, Lemuel analyzes his own academic interest in the history of warfare and comes up with this dilemma;
"I think deep down I suffer from one of the curses that has plagued humanity ever since two men banded together to throw rocks at another two men.
Our own personal sense of identity is often tied into the narrative of a community. In turn, that narrative often seems to in part be defined by conflict with others. On some level I think there is a personal empowerment through the "celebration" of what in an evolutionary sense is deemed to be a good trait, the ability to fight for the lives of your family or community."
Why do we go to war? Not an easy question to answer and scientists have tried for decades to understand what drives human beings to fight. From the perspective of evolutionary biology, are there advantages to being "belligerent?" (a scientific term for an individual and a society's preparedness to go to war).
In 2008 I went to Polonnaruwa, Sri Lanka, filming toque macaques – a species of monkey that inhabits the ruined temples and remnant jungles of that island. For several months I followed troops of macaques through the dense Sri Lankan heat, observing them at play and at war; feeding, mating, politicking and fighting. It was a fascinating experience that opened my eyes up to how much we can learn from our relatives in the animal kingdom.
There were a dozen or more troops in the area we were filming in, each one controlling a strictly demarcated area of territory. Toque macaques fight often – many adult males bear atrocious scars on their bodies and some are missing eyes, limbs and testicles. With their fearsome canine teeth and arrogant, aggressive demeanours, the big males are a frightful proposition, but the real power in the troop lies with the females.
Using sex as a bargaining tool and forming strong alliances with one another, the females pull the political strings that determine the make-up of the troop and to a large degree its "foreign policy" in relation to neighboring troops. The females are tied to territory – their concern is in retaining access to prime food resources. Males in the troop fight with each other and with males from neighbouring troops to defend their mating rights and in the process, maintain domination over territory.
For several decades, the researchers at Polonnaruwa have watched troops expand and contract; divide and conquer. In times of drought, or whenever there is competition between neighbouring troops for access to fig trees and other food sources, it is the biggest, most well-organized and warlike troops that thrive and expand at the expense of the others.
Aggression and gregariousness could therefore be seen as behavioural adaptations in response to scarcity of resources. In short, the troop that sticks together and fights together is more likely to control a greater territory, and thus provide better prospects for its offspring.
Watching the vicious battles fought by macaque monkeys on a daily basis, it would be easy to view them as a warlike species. However I talked to Dr Wolfgang Dittus, head researcher at Polonnaruwa about the subject and he had this to stay;
"Monkeys, like our hunter-gatherer ancestors are actually at peace most of the time, solving their selfish conflicts (within the group and between groups) by communication and negotiation and avoidance of outright violence. It's when things get out of balance that all hell can break loose – briefly. The problem is that even a rare event can have a devastating effect. One war with one death is a terminal event for the killed in action. You can live 20 years in peace, then undermine your life-time of peaceful efforts with one mishap."
A rational analysis of warfare therefore suggests that to fight should be a last resort?
But is this really the case? It's something I'll explore in further posts.
What are your thoughts?
A Frog Blog
By Bill Morris
Archey's Frogs from Science Communication on Vimeo.
This week the film students completed their science profile project – an assignment to create a profile of a scientist or PhD student. This one was made by Wu Peng on the native Archey's frog and the work being done by Bastian Egeter in the Zoology Department. Bastian is analyzing the stomach contents of rodents to determine if they are a contributing factor in the alarming decline of the species.
New Zealand's native Leiopelma frogs are fascinating – they are an ancient lineage that existed in the time of the dinosaurs and have changed very little since then. They differ greatly from most other frogs around the world in a number of ways. Firstly, they do not hatch free-swimming tadpoles but "froglets" with tails. The adult have vestigial tail muscles, do not croak and have no eardrums. Also, they lack the ability to land gracefully when jumping; instead they "bellyflop." Recent research suggests Leiopelma diverged from other frog species before the latter evolved the ability to reposition their hind legs mid-flight for a landing. This adaptation in more advanced frogs would have given them greater ability to escape predators.
New Zealand's unique frogs are at great risk – already three of seven species have disappeared. Bastian, as well as Dr Phil Bishop and his team in the Zoology department are working hard to keep the remaining four species from extinction. For more on their work, have a look here.
Hybrids and Taxonomy
Alvaro Garcia was one of our students in the Centre last year and this week I've been exploring his website, The Tree of Nature, and also reading his thesis about taxonomy.
Taxonomy is the way in which we classify and sort the natural world. "Creates order from chaos" is one of the definitions of life according Alvaro's thesis and since Linnaeus first devised his system of classification, scientists have sought to do just that by trying to decipher how the millions of different species on this planet have evolved in relation to one another.
Using simple diagrams called cladograms, taxonomists can provide neat pictures of how birds separated from reptiles, how different species of monkey have evolved separately from a shared ancestor and how the hippopotamus and the whale are related.
However, the closer you look at this "tree of life," the more problematic things become. The main branches are mostly pretty solid; it's when you get to the fine twigs at the end of those branches that things become shaky. It's here that the very notion of a "species" becomes far from certain.
Once it was thought that separate species could be defined by their inability to breed with one another. However since Darwin's day it has been known that this definition is unsound – hybridization, or breeding between different species has been shown to be possible and even common, especially among plants.
These thoughts were on my mind as I got talking to a DOC employee working with kaki, or black stilts in Twizel the other day. Kaki are elegant wading birds that were once common in riverbeds and wetlands in New Zealand. They are believed to have arrived naturally in New Zealand about 10,000 years ago from Australia. Like so many other bird species in New Zealand, the introduction of mammalian predators has been devastating to the black stilt. By the mid-1980's they verged on extinction, with the entire species numbering only about 26 birds. At its breeding centre in Twizel, the Department of Conservation collects eggs from breeding kaki and raises the chicks in safety before releasing them to the wild – where their chances of survival are still not good – the riverbeds they inhabit are stalked by feral cats and ferrets, stoats and possums for whom the birds provide an easy meal. Allowed to breed on their own naturally, kaki would most likely go extinct within a number of years. They are thus wholly dependent on human intervention for their existence.
Their situation is complicated by the relatively recent arrival of another bird, the pied stilt, or kouka, which only landed in New Zealand (again, from Australia) a little over a century and a half ago. Since its arrival, the pied stilt has spread to many habitats, from alpine riverbeds to coastal estuaries. Perhaps due to its greater range, migratory habits and historical association with predators in Australia, this species has proved far more resilient to our introduced predators and has now come to greatly outnumber its black cousin.
Pied stilts and black stilts are very closely related. In fact much of the research into them has centred on whether we can actually describe them as separate species at all. The conclusions, based on physical characteristics and genetic make-up, are that we can…but only just.
The pied stilts in New Zealand are darker in colour that their Australian relations and have been found to have significant amounts of black stilt DNA in their genetic make-up. This is probably because in the years after their arrival, when pied stilts were greatly outnumbered by black stilts, they mated with the other species often. The hybrid offspring of these pairings survived and mated (or "backcrossed) with pied stilts in following generations. The black stilt genes were thus absorbed or "introgressed" into the kouka genome.
Now, the situation is reversed. As the black stilt's fortunes have waned, there has been a strong statistical tendency for it to mate with the far more common pied stilts. This usually produces a hybrid stilt that is neither totally black, nor carries the same pattern as its pied parent.
From a conservation point of view, this is a problem. In the pairing of two different species, offspring of the heterogametic sex are likely to be sterile or poorly suited for survival (This fact of genetics is known as Haldane's Rule.) In birds (unlike mammals) the female is the heterogametic sex, so if by chance the offspring of pied and black stilts were mostly female, these offspring would likely not reproduce. In other words each hybrid pairing is not only a lost opportunity for reproduction between the few remaining pure black stilts but also presents a greater risk of being a genetic dead-end.
The conclusion therefore is that efforts should be directed at conserving the remaining black stilts and preventing further hybridization between the species. After all, hybridization in this case is almost certainly aided by human influence – the modification of riverbed environments has provided more favourable habitat for the kouka, while introduced predators have reduced the kaki's population such that the tendency to hybridize with their more common neighbour is greatly increased.
Of course even if black stilts did become extinct, a tiny portion of their genes would live on within pied stilt bodies, which already contain introgressed kaki genes. And it wouldn't be the first time this has happened.
The more we learn about hybridization, the more it becomes clear that it is not only common in nature, but in some cases may actually provide an evolutionary advantage. When hybrids backcross with one or both of their parent species, their genes are "introgressed" into the original species. In most cases these hybrid genes are a disadvantage to the animal or plant because they are not well-adapted to the environment they are born into – the hybridization has confused the process of natural selection and therefore individuals with introgressed genes are less capable of survival and will eventually die out. However in many cases, the hybrid genes are not disadvantageous and in some instances may actually provide a benefit to the species. If so, the species will, through natural selection, carry that gene forward through future generations. Natural selection will favour individuals which carry that gene and so its effect will be magnified across the population through the process of "positive selection."
Humans and Neanderthals, separate hominid species that co-inhabitated Europe during the Pleistocene are believed to have hybridized, and Neanderthal genes introgressed into the human genome, to the extent that most people of European and Asian descent carry up to 4% Neanderthal genetic material. (African-descended people do not, because Neanderthals did not exist there.)
Research does suggest that at several stages of our evolutionary history we have interbred and taken on genetic material from other hominoid species long after we went our separate ways down the evolutionary path. Like artists stealing ideas, we borrowed from our neighbours' genetic strengths before leaving them in our wake. For example, the microcephalin gene, which relates to brain size during early development is believed to have been introgressed by humans from a separate archaic hominid species around 37,000 years ago and since that time has been subject to strong positive selection. Where the microcephalin gene arose from and what advantage it gave us, remains unclear. It has been theorized that it is a remnant from Neanderthal encounters, but this remains unproven. It has also been suggested that introgressed Neanderthal genes helped humans battle viruses.
The extreme end of this process is where hybridization is so successful that it results in a completely new species. Examples of this, at least as far as is currently known, are rare. The red wolf of north America (now extinct in the wild) is believed to be a hybrid of the grey wolf and the coyote, while the Lonicera fly, which feeds on an imported honeysuckle that has only existed in the United States for 250 years is believed to be a hybrid of two other flies, and has apparently developed as a unique species in that short time.
The closer you look at the genetic distances between closely-related species, the more complex things appear – and this blurriness has real-life implications, especially when it comes to conserving endangered species like the black stilt. In the case of this beleagured bird the question; "what defines a species?" determines whether there is even a species to save.
And now, because I know it's the only reason you started reading this…here's a picture of a zonkey:
Sir Paul Callaghan
by Bill Morris
This week we mourn the loss of Sir Paul Callaghan. With his passing we lose a formidable, visionary mind who chose to devote his talents to his home country rather than heading off for greener pastures overseas. He was that rare combination; a brilliant scientist and a compelling science communicator. And with his vision of a "100% Smart" New Zealand society, he had the ability to unify New Zealand in a prosperous yet environmentally-friendly future.
At ScienceTeller in 2011, SCITED speaker Peter Biggs spoke of Sir Paul and other creative New Zealanders as being the vanguard of a new "New Zealand story" – a story in which our artists, scientists and thinkers are celebrated as much as our sports heroes; a story in which our innovativeness, artistry and intellectual prowess are celebrated alongside our more traditional national characteristics such as rugged strength and stoicism in the face of adversity.
This new national identity is crucial if we are to become a leading nation in the 21st century and this is why Sir Paul's death leaves such an enormous void.
Speaking at a public lecture at Otago University on 2011, Sir Paul described Dunedin as the "perfect model" for developing the knowledge-based society he envisioned. Under this new paradigm, New Zealand would produce high quality exports for niche markets that did not make unsustainable demands on the environment. It would be an equitable and just society – a place where highly-skilled people would want to live. In respect to this, he slammed current and previous governments' "short-term thinking" in regards to their reluctance to fund research and development.
With its world-class university, international businesses like NHNZ and the high quality of its surrounding natural environment, Sir Paul saw Dunedin as the perfect model for the future of this country. He saw the city as a place of "robust environmentalism", rather than "phoney clean and green" rhetoric and marketing.
A perusal of the Dunedin City Council's long-term draft plan, which arrived in letterboxes in the last few days, reveals a city scrabbling to recover from heavy debt. For what its worth, the draft plan provides the public with an opportunity to make submissions on the future of the city. It's an opportunity to consider whether Dunedin is choosing to measure up to Sir Paul's vision, or not.
With Sir Paul's passing at this deeply divisive juncture of New Zealand society, we've lost a great leader in a time of great need. It's up to those of us left in his wake to strive towards seeing his work achieved. If you didn't know much about Sir Paul or his vision for New Zealand, I urge you to honour the memory of a great New Zealander by taking 20 minutes of your day to watch this video of one of his speeches from last year.
Rest in peace, Sir Paul.
Sir Paul Callaghan opened the Centre for Science Communication in 2008. Lloyd Davis, Director of the Centre writes;
"Sir Paul Callaghan was a great advocate for science and for communicating science to the public. In both he excelled personally and it was fitting that he should have given the inaugural Distinguished Communicator Lecture to open New Zealand's first Centre for Science Communication in February 2008. In some way, we are one tiny part of his legacy. The Centre extends its sympathies to Sir Paul's family."
Climate Change Lecture
by Bill Morris
This week the Centre for Science Communication is privileged to host a lecture from Professor Jonathan Boston, who lectures in Public Policy at the University of Victoria. Professor Boston will also be speaking at our SCITED talk on Thursday at lunchtime. In both of these talks he will be discussing climate change – the difficulties of addressing the problem and the outcomes of the UN convention on climate change in Durban last year.
The human species is fast approaching a crisis point at which economic growth based on unsustainable depletion and destruction of natural resources will inevitably fail. Last year the OECD released a report entitled "Towards Green Growth." The report's introduction states that in the aftermath of the recent/current global recession;
"A return to "business as usual" would indeed be unwise and ultimately unsustainable, involving risks that could impose human costs and constraints on economic growth and development. It could result in increased water scarcity, resource bottlenecks, air and water pollution, climate change and biodiversity loss which would be irreversible."
Citing this report, Professor Boston wrote in a recently released article that;
"There is no consensus on whether long-term exponential economic growth is technically feasible. Many experts are sceptical. As the distinguished economist Lord Stern has put it: 'A picture of indefinite expansion is an implausible story of the future.'
The result of failed economic growth on our world will be starvation and war. How then can we reconcile the hunger of our economy with the health of the natural system on which it depends?
In his article, Professor Boston argues that an "absolute decoupling" of growth and negative ecological impacts must occur if we are to have continued economic growth throughout the 21st Century. In other words, we need to shift to an economy in which almost every resource is recycled or reused; which relies primarily on renewable energy and in which current pollution levels are massively reduced. The shift must be global and on a scale unprecedented in all of human history.
Professor Boston's SciComm talks come in the wake of a recently released report from the New Zealand government's Green Growth Advisory Group; a report which the Green Party co-leader Russel Norman has reservedly welcomed; describing it as "a timid acknowledgement of the growing global and domestic green economy and the opportunities and risks that creates for New Zealand."
The report draws attention to New Zealand's high carbon-emitting export sector and the value of our "clean-green," image and calls on the government to engineer a shift towards greener growth. Its findings are completely at odds with the government's current drive towards mass resource extraction; offshore drilling, coal mining and subsidized irrigation.
There are people who are trying to architect a new future for the planet; to create a new economy that doesn't destroy the host upon which it feeds. It appears, however, that the government of our country exists in a very different world altogether.
Come down and hear Professor Boston on Wednesday 14th, 5pm at St David's Lecture Theatre (get there early as this will be popular). Then call in to the Centre for Science Communication on Thursday 15th at 12 midday for his SCITED talk.
SeaWeek: Eating Small
by Bill Morris
This week is Seaweek, a chance to learn and be inspired by the beautiful ocean that surrounds our country. We should all be well aware by now that the oceans of the world are in serious peril, plundered by overfishing, littered with pollution and susceptible to dramatic change as a result of climate change. Those who have worked in and around the ocean for years in New Zealand can tell you the changes have been rapid and dramatic.
Lloyd Davis, the director of the Centre for Science Communication recently wrote this article for the Otago Daily Times in which he describes how Pacific Island fishermen, by targeting the bigger species such as parrotfish, grouper and snapper are draining their reef systems' resources. It takes several kilos of small fish to allow a big fish to grow. Lloyd's article discusses the work of scientist Michel Blanc, who believes islanders should be consuming the smaller sardines and anchovies, which are just as nutritious and appealing to eat.
I once visited a tuna farm in Australia where I witnessed hundreds of tonnes of sardines being shoveled down the throats of "farmed" bluefin tuna. While some of the sardines were caught locally, many more were caught off the coast of America and shipped across the ocean to feed these tuna. The tuna, caught wild in the Great Australian Bight, were being fattened in pens for sale to foreign markets as whole fish. In the markets of Tokyo each tuna would collect many thousands of dollars.
Putting aside the dubious sustainability of this fishing method, the waste of the feeding system was obvious. It takes over seven kilos of sardines for a bluefin tuna to gain an extra kilogram of weight. A large tuna requires its own bodyweight of smaller fish each ten days just to survive. The tuna were being doubled in size during their time in captivity to a weight of around 25 kilos, so each tuna that ended up on the market floor in Tokyo had been fed hundreds of kilos of sardines.
Anyone who's fried up a fresh sardine in butter knows they are one of the most delicious fish to eat- in my opinion better than tuna. Demand for the flesh of the big tuna species is driving these spectacular animals towards extinction. In the process companies that fatten tuna are vacuuming up the protein resources of the sea in order to convert them to expensive tuna flesh that most people in the world would never dream of being able to afford.
If we are to have any hope of feeding the hungry world this century, we need to put an end to such incredibly inefficient and inequitable processes. The big fish of the ocean like tuna, marlin and groupers have been heavily overfished, often to the point of extinction. A well-published study has found that up to 90% of the big fish species in the world are already gone. The wealthy nations of the world are devouring these big fish at the expense of the ocean and ultimately, the percentage of the world's population who will starve to death when global fisheries collapse.
A 2010 National Geographic study coined the term "Seafoodprint," to display how individual nations consume the world's fish resources. China, Japan and the United States were the top consumers -the United States made the top three not because its per-capita fish consumption is high, but because the fish Americans tend to eat are big ones, including tuna and Chilean Sea Bass (actually Patagonian or Antarctic toothfish), which have already consumed massive amounts of smaller fish to attain their size.
At least a partial answer to the looming seafood crisis could be to find ways to encourage people eat smaller fish like sardines instead of top predatory fish like tuna. Not only are they far more common, but eating smaller fish is healthier as they don't have anywhere near the levels of mercury and other toxins associated with apex predators like tuna. Currently most of the sardines caught in the world are fed to larger fish in fish farms or to caged pigs and chickens.
To mark SeaWeek, The Centre is staging a film screening of some of our sea-related films at the Otago Museum on Friday 9th March. Come down and show your support.
Otago's Sea Lions need space!
The recent instance of a New Zealand sea lion being shot on the Otago Peninsula highlights the ignorance surrounding the sea lions that occur along our coast. The person who fired the .22 bullet that festered inside this animal for days or weeks before killing it may never be caught – if they are, they could face up to six months jail and fines of up to 250,000. Those who are aware of the precarious situation these sea lions face would probably argue a distinctly more medieval form of punishment might better suit the crime.
Anyone who's spent a bit of time exploring the beaches around Dunedin will have encountered sea lions. They are one of the most interesting and exciting forms of wildlife in our region, yet many people know very little about them. A lot of people don't realize that these animals once bred in great numbers around our coasts; that the breeding colonies in the sub-Antarctic Islands are the probably the fringe remnants of the original New Zealand sea lion population and that the species is in peril of extinction.
Research has shown that the sea lions around Otago spend significantly less time foraging for food and travel far shorter distances than their counterparts in the Auckland Islands. This may be because the coasts of Otago are central to their historical natural habitat. Their lives are easier here and that is why they are, slowly, returning to breed on the Otago Peninsula.
However, the last few years have seen a number of instances of sea lions in the region being harassed, beaten and attacked by dogs. People seem incapable of leaving space for wildlife and a few actively seek to trouble, injure or even kill them.
Students from the Centre for Science Communication regularly film sea lions as part of their studies and a few have made them the subject of their final film projects. One of my favourites from recent years is Kat Baulu and Alistair Jamieson's Whetu Rere – The Sea Lion and the Comet.
A few weeks ago my girlfriend filmed a young female sea lion scratching its back on a park bench at Aramoana. By identifying the tag number we found out that the animal's name is Carleigh, that she was born in January 2011 and that her mother is called Teyah (Thanks Katie Wise). A visit to the New Zealand Sea Lion Trust's website shows Carleigh's family tree – it highlights just how small the Otago population is and therefore how vulnerable. We need to do everything we can to make a space for them here alongside our city.
The phosphate crisis?
By Bill Morris
In the mornings I often ride my bike along the 13 kilometre stretch of road from Port Chalmers into Dunedin city. Once I've survived the onslaught of massive logging trucks and buses along that road I'm able to duck off onto the cycle lane, a peaceful section that takes me alongside the railway track and the harbour, past the yacht club and yards of shipping containers to the Ravensbourne fertilizer plant and wharf. The sulphuric tang of super phosphate strikes my nostrils as I ride past the plant, its tangle of steel pipes and towers steaming away in the morning sun. A ship is pulled up alongside the wharf and cranes are hauling scoops of sulphur from its bowels. The Ravensbourne plant is one of only two in New Zealand that manufacture superphosphate by mixing imported phosphate rock with sulphuric acid. The end product, commonly known as "super" by New Zealand farmers, is the fertilizer that has fuelled New Zealand agriculture for 150 years. It is essential to farming and thus to our economy, but a crisis looms – our hungry world is running out of phosphate.
Phosphorous is a mineral that occurs in all living things and is essential to life. Plants require phosphorous for photosynthesis and animals for cell growth and hormone activity. New Zealand soils are naturally quite phosphorous-deficient. Farmers in the 19th Century discovered that the application of superphosphate, which in those days was manufactured in Australia, vastly improved productivity, to the degree of up to 75%. From that point on, agriculture in this country was built on superphosphate.
In the 20th century, large concentrations of phosphate (from bird guano) on the Pacific Island of Nauru were heavily exploited by Britain, New Zealand and Australia, to the point that the island's reserves became depleted and its natural environment devastated.
Today most of the world's phosphate comes from fossilized shell-bed deposits in Morocco and Western Sahara, a tiny desert country that Morocco invaded in 1975. Since the invasion Morocco has held Western Sahara in an iron grip, excluding the area's original inhabitants, the Sahrawi, behind a 2,700 kilometre fortified sand wall that is the largest military installation on Earth. While the Sahrawi people live in refugee shanty-towns on the other side, the Moroccan government exports the wealth of Western Sahara, in the form of raw phosphate rock, to countries all around the world, including New Zealand.
Demand for phosphate has risen dramatically in the last decade, fuelled by the rapid agricultural development of China and India as well as the demands of crops for biofuel production. In 2007 the price of phosphate more than doubled, causing many New Zealand farmers to start questioning the future of this vital resource. The green pastures upon which we produce the tons of milk and meat that drive our economy, are, after all an artificially created environment, kept viable only by the heavy addition of phosphates.
There is no argument that the world's phosphate resources are finite and rapidly diminishing. In 2008 the dramatic price spike caused some to argue that we had reached, or long-passed "peak P," a concept analogous to the more widely known Peak Oil – the point at which supplies of phosphate fall behind demand and we begin sliding down a negative-sloping curve toward poverty and famine. However, others, such as grassland agronomist Peter Cornish, argue that the situation is not as dire as it seemed in 2008 – there are still substantial phosphate reserves to be exploited, but they are harder to get to or, as in the case of Western Sahara, fraught by political instability and uncertainty.
A potentially lucrative source of phosphate exists on the sea floor off New Zealand's coast – 100 million tons of phosphate nodules formed by the concretion of decaying organic matter over millions of years. Two companies are already exploring the Chatham Rise with a view to mining there in the next few years. However the environmental impacts of this activity are not well-understood. In Namibia there has been very vocal opposition to similar plans from fishermen who fear it will be highly destructive of benthic ecologies and could have major impacts on fish life off that coast.
Driving south from Dunedin along State Highway One, just before Milton, the abandoned Ewing's phosphate works stands testament to an industry that sprang up in these South Otago hills in the early 1900's. It's ironic that these hills are now greened by imported phosphate, when a century ago, over a quarter of a million tons of phosphate were mined right here. The rising global price for the commodity has encouraged local farmer Tony McDonnell to re-open the quarry on his farm and now Ravensdown fertilizer sells his locally mined rock alongside imported phosphate.
When Ewing's was in operation a century ago, phosphate was cheap and the effects of its regular application not so well understood as they are today. It made the grass grow and in huge quantities and so it became an established and accepted part of every farmer's yearly budget. Today we know that only about half of the phosphate that is applied by farmers is taken up by plants in the first five years – the rest is stored in the soil – building up over the decades so that there is actually a huge amount of phosphate going to waste. Some of this is also washed into waterways where it damages freshwater and marine ecologies. There are also growing concerns about the build-up in our soils of cadmium, an element found in phosphates that in high levels can damage soil health and be toxic to humans.
If phosphate prices, along with shipping costs (in relation to rising oil prices,) continue to soar, more effective use of this mineral will become essential if farmers in New Zealand hope to survive this century. Substantial amounts of phosphate can be recovered from animal and human waste and processes for achieving this need to be more fully explored.
Seen in the light of dwindling phosphate reserves, New Zealand's agricultural prosperity begins to look like a brief, artificial blooming of wealth based on a false economy. One farmer I talked to told me that without phosphate, New Zealand would be a third world country. The extent to which we are able to curb our dependence on phosphate or at least find ways to use it more efficiently may soon determine the validity of his words.
The Galaxiid story
By Bill Morris
On a glorious hot North Otago day over the weekend I dropped a cicada pattern in front of a cruising brown trout – instantly the fish turned and went for my fly. In haste I struck, but too early. The cicada yanked out of the predator's jaws and I was left empty-handed and cursing loudly, adrenalin and disappointment mingling in that moment. The spooked trout charged off into the depths of the stream, pushing an ominous bow-wave ahead of it. As the ripples of the small drama settled, the water returned to the calm of the morning heat, its glassy surface broken only by the occasional swirl of another rising trout.
I grew up along these waterways and love the thrill of chasing trout here. The river is an ancient stream whose bends and channels have nurtured fish since the uplift of the mountains – native galaxiids, bullies and mud-fat eels, many of which made their way yearly up this river from the sea to breed.
Brown and rainbow trout were introduced to the river sometime in the late 1800's and established themselves with gusto – today this is a world-renowned fishing stream and anglers come yearly from the United States, Europe and elsewhere to stalk its clear cold waters.
The construction of hydro-electric dams downstream from the 1930's onward halted the migration of native fish species here. Eels are now rarely seen and those that are spotted are enormous. It is likely these monsters have lived here since the first dam went up, which would make them something like 80 years old. (for a powerful examination of the life of an eel in our rivers, have a look at Longfin, an award-winning Centre for Science Communication film from 2006.)
Fishing is so entrenched in our national culture that it's sometimes easy to forget that trout are an introduced (and therefore invasive) species that has done enormous damage to our freshwater eco-systems. To the small native fish that once thrived in these streams, their introduction was the equivalent of releasing leopards into a field of lambs. While most people are well aware of the impact of introduced predators like possums and stoats in the mountains and forests of New Zealand, relatively few are as attuned to the threats facing our unique and endangered native fish species. While rare native birds are given world-class and expensive protection status, native fish such as eels and whitebait (which are the juvenile form of some of our galaxiid species) are harvested in large quantities and sold as a delicacy both domestically and internationally.
Our native fish contain within their bodies the dramatic story of our land, a story that encompasses the separation of continents, the thrusting up of enormous mountain ranges and rivers that turned tail and ran. Caught amongst this geological mayhem were the tiny galaxiids, of which New Zealand has 25 species. 20% of New Zealand's galaxiid species are diadromous, which means they spend at least part of their lives at sea. Larvae hatched in rivers and streams are swept out to sea where they spend their first six months. These larvae have been found up to 700 miles offshore. As juvenile "whitebait," they congregate around river mouths before making their way upstream. It is here that they are harvested by whitebaiters who can sell their catch for around NZ$70 a kilo.
At various stages, most galaxiid species in New Zealand apparently abandoned the difficult marine phase of their development and began breeding solely in the streams, rivers and lakes they called home. Isolated from one another, they evolved into the separate species we find living here today.
New Zealand, however, is no geological millpond. The clashing of continental plates threw up the Southern Alps in the last 30 million years, a process that is still happening today. As the landscape buckled, tore and subsequently fell apart, water, along with the galaxiids it contained, was moved and pushed across the land in different ways according to the new topographies. In several places in the South Island, whole rivers changed direction as uplift at one end sent the water flowing back the other way.
This reversal of one of these rivers, the Nevis in Central Otago, is reflected in the genetics of its fish. Molecular data has shown that the Smeagol galaxiid (an isolated and distinct form of the Gollum galaxiid, found only in the Nevis River) is more closely related to fish in the southern rivers the Nevis used to feed than to those in the Kawarau, into which it now drains. This is evidence this fish has evolved in isolation ever since the Nevis river changed direction hundreds of thousands of years ago. (In 2010 the presence of this little fish was instrumental in preventing the planned damming of the Nevis River for hydro-electric production.)
In other places, rivers were "captured" by neighbouring catchments as erosion broke down the ranges that divided them, or as the huge lakes of ice that joined their headwaters melted at the end of the last Ice Age. This allowed genetically separate species of galaxiid to inhabit the same waterways. Where these dramatic upheavals caused major environmental changes, such as the damming of a river to form a lake, or the reverse, other galaxiid populations would have rapidly gone extinct.
And so, like drops of mercury on a trampoline, populations of galaxiids diverged, evolved, re-connected and disappeared all across the landscape. Today these little fish can be found all over the country. In almost every branch of every river system they are genetically different. In some cases populations evolved to fit different environmental niches in the same waterway – 'flathead' galaxiids well adapted to riffles and rapids have been recorded living just a few metres away from 'roundhead' gollum galaxiids, which are better suited to the slower-moving water immediately downstream or upstream.
By studying the mitochondrial DNA of genetically different galaxiids, biologists, working in tandem with geologists, can construct an accurate picture of how New Zealand's landscapes have changed over millions of years, and how the fish have evolved in reaction to these changes. Where geologists are in disagreement over the date of a particular event, evidence from the genetic material of galaxiids can sometimes provide the answer. The story of our country's birth is recorded in their genes.
The arrival of trout and salmon, combined with habitat destruction and pollution of our streams and rivers, poses a major threat to our native fish. Our sports fish are here to stay and their presence in our rivers is safeguarded by legislation drafted at a time before native fish like galaxiids were regarded as having any inherent value. As I discussed in my last post, we often encounter a dilemma in New Zealand in which the value (commercial or otherwise) of an introduced species can eclipse the conservation imperatives of a native one. Here is another example. I will always enjoy trout fishing, but I'd love to think that one day there would be places that our native fish species could thrive unmolested by these fierce predators.
As University of Otago freshwater biologist Jon Waters (whose work forms much of the basis for this article) told me, if trout weren't already here, we would probably still introduce them today;
"We just wouldn't put them everywhere."


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[USA-SPAIN REPORT CARD] Luis Gil scored a golazo and marshaled a U.S. midfield that took the game to the Spaniards, but the U.S. defense proved
porous in Spain's 4-1 win in opening play at the U-20 World Cup. Soccer America's Mike Woitalla grades the U.S. players in their loss against the title favorite.
A normal result for a Spanish national team came in unusual fashion as the USA prevented the Spaniards from establishing their dominant possession game. Instead, La Rojita crushed the Americans with counterattacks.
That they so frequently kept the ball after winning it will please Coach Tab Ramos, but he'll be seeking solutions to an overwhelmed defense, which welcomes back suspended Shane O'Neill for Monday's game against France.
Spain's goals looked too easy against the central defensive
partnership of Caleb Stanko and Javan Torre. Right back DeAndre Yedlin lost Jese on the opening goal but Yedlin did make promising forays, as did
left back Juan Pablo Ocegueda, to a lesser extent.
In the midfield, Wil Trap and Benji Joya played behind Gil and Danny Garcia. Alonso Hernandez, who missed a golden chance to equalize early in the first half, played upfront with Jose Villarreal.
5 Cody Cropper (Southampton/ENG)
5 DeAndre Yedlin (Seattle Sounders)
4 Caleb Stanko (Freiburg/GER)
3 Javan Torre (UCLA)
4 Juan Pablo Ocegueda (Guadalajara/MEX)
5 Wil Trapp (Columbus Crew)
5 Benji Joya (Santos/MEX)
7 Luis Gil (Real Salt Lake)
6 Danny Garcia (FC Dallas)
5 Jose Villarreal (LA Galaxy)
4 Alonso Hernandez (Monterrey/MEX)
4 Mario Rodriguez (Kaiserslautern/GER)
4 Daniel Cuevas (Santos/MEX)
5 Mikey Lopez (Sporting KC)
(1=low; 5=average; 10=high.)


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I was expecting way more style from Jennifer Lopez & Cameron Diaz!
OMG. I'm seriously baffled. I'm REALLY looking forward to this new movie starring Jennifer Lopez and Cameron Diaz, What to Expect When You're Expecting. I mean, come on--two of my favorite Latina superstars are headlining the film, the trailer looks hilarious and I have two words for you: Rodrigo Santoro.
So, I have to share my total dissapointment when I woke up to devour all the red carpet premiere photos and I saw what two of my go-to style icons were wearing. Chicas, what were you thinking?! You know what I WAS expecting? Way better fashion choices, from BOTH of you.
Let's discuss...
Jennifer Lopez went inexplicably goth for the premiere of the light-hearted parenting comedy, in a gown that would have been way more suited for the recent MET gala than for this red carpet.
Decked out in champagne-colored (SO OVER this hue, by the way!) satiny gown by Maria Lucia Hohan she accessorized with Norman Silverman diamond bangles and stackable diamond rings. Ok, so I LOVED the accessories, but everything else felt a little too much for the occasion. I get it, J.Lo is a glamazon and I totally respect her for it, but there is a time and a place for everything.
Take for example, her super dark lip. I LOVE this trend (learn how to copy this look!) but again, at a premiere for a romantic comedy with a goofy ensemble cast, this just seemed a little forced.
But you know what wasn't forced at all? Cameron Diaz looking like she literally stumbled upon the premiere to her own film in a dress she just threw on and some sexy bed-head. Seriously?! She looks like she couldn't care less what she was wearing and while I 100% admire her carefree attitude and California-girl vibe, she probably should've put more thought into her outfit.
It's like the most boring, blackest, non-descript dress I could ever think of. Her outfit is even missing her trademark whimsy. Throw me a bone here Cameron! A bright turquoise pump, a red clutch--something, anything--just show me you care...
You know who got it 100% right last night? Anna Kendrick.
She looks perfectly glamorous in her sparkly number. The mini-dress length and old-fashion cut of the dress, mixed with those adorable shoes, made her pitch perfect for the premiere.
What did you think about their fashion choices last night?
From Our Amigos
I really like Jennifer's outfit. The color, the design, the hair, the lip color, everything smells like class. Cameron could have done better, though...
Yeah, Jennifer's outfit is pretty but it just feels so formal for that kind of a premiere and Cameron just phoned it in
I dont like Jennifer's make up, those lips look too dark for the outfit. & she should've worn taller heels, it looks as if the dress is drowning her, and appears saggy. Cameron couldve done 100xs better.


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In pouring rain, Osei Telesford scored on a deflected shot in 15th minute and Noah Delgado and Edwin Miranda struck in the 38th and 50th, respectively, before Christian Benitez scored Santos' consolation goal in the 71st.
The Islanders were playing two days after winning the regular season title in the USL First Division.
Telesford scored on a header, connecting with goalkeeper Miguel Becerra's rebound of Petter Villegas' shot.
Delgado struck home by redirecting Jonathan Steele's shot from outside the penalty area.
Miranda scored on a 25-yard, right-footed drive that skipped inside the left post.
The Islanders and fellow USL club Montreal have remained unbeaten in seven Champions League matches. Each won and tied in the preliminary round and won their group openers last week.
In the Preliminary Round, the Islanders eliminated two-time Concacaf champion Alajuelense of Costa Rica on 3-2 aggregate.
The Islanders beat Panama's Tauro FC, 2-1, in their Group D opener.
Montreal, which faces Mexico's Atlante on Wednesday, beat Trinidad's Joe Public, 2-0, in its Group C opener.
In Group A action on Tuesday, Mexico's Cruz Azul thumped Costa Rica's Saprissa, 4-0.


text: When my boys were growing up their toys were kept in their room. If they wanted to play with something in the living room, they brought it out and put it back when done. Some may not like my way of thinking, but it is a cruel world out there. Kids need to learn that they're not going to be happy all the time and things don't always go the way they like it to go.


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Click on a thumbnail to go to Google Books.
The Books They Gave Me
by Jen Adams
Work details
The Books They Gave Me: True Stories of Life, Love, and Lit by Jen Adams
No current Talk conversations about this book.
This book is unique because it is a collection of 200 stories from 2oo people. Each story showcases a book they were given by someone and the connection they had to that person and the book. These stories came from the author's website called TheBooksTheyGaveMe.com. This book doesn't have to be read cover to cover in one setting. Instead this is the kind of book you pick up and read a few at a time. As you read about the books that others have received and the emotion, connection or thoughts that accompany them you begin to reflect on books you have been given and how they made you feel. I didn't love them all. I don't think everyone will love them all. However, I do believe it will get you to thinking about the books you cherish the most and the person who gave it to you. Why is that book so special? Is it because the person spent so much time picking it out? Is it because the person who gave it to you is long gone and it is all you have of them? Maybe it is because you both shared the love for the same author or type of writing. Whatever the reason, this is a book I would encourage you to read for you.
I received a copy from the author in exchange for my honest review.
Full disclosure: I'm one of the contributors to this fine collection.
But that doesn't mean I'm biased. I would love this collection just as much without my contribution popping up next to two other wonderfully related (except marvelously different) tales. It's all about the joy/pain/nostalgia/heartbreak/happiness/love/sorrow/communion-with-another-person that comes from giving (and receiving) a book. Not just any book but a book that is then forever locked in time and space to a particular moment. It may stay with you and change meaning as the years go on (or, it may not - that's okay too) but it always has that association in your mind. This book is about those associations. It is wondrous.
More about the book, giving books, receiving books, and the memory of paper at RB: http://wp.me/pGVzJ-sG
Jen Adams is wonderful with words! She says everything I would want to about books (in the introduction). This is a compilation of authors talking about the books that were given to them. Some of the stories are hilarious, some are heartbreaking. I was left with a list of books that I need to read and an appreciation for the written word.
I loved how the author took each story and made it her own. I think it's a great concept of a book within a book and there are definately more books that I want to read since reading her book. Great coffee table read!
The author of The Books They Gave Me functions mostly as an editor for the blog entries to this compilation. It is an excellent sampling of different books and different people whose association with the book is either happy or sad. There are acknowledgements at the end of the book who presumably are the alphabetized contributors. I really appreciated the quality construction of the book, its font and layout. Really a nice book to see and presented in such a way that it would be a beautiful gift for another avid reader. I liked the positioning of the actual book cover on the same page as the text. It did not overwhelm the page and made it an addition to the book photo. It is text as a gloss not to a page, but to an indiviual book. Adams work here is very well done, and unique among the Books on Books category.
References to this work on external resources.
Wikipedia in English
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"This beautiful full-color treasury of stories about gift book-giving celebrates the enduring power of literature: stories of significant books people have received and what those books mean to them. The Books They Gave Me collects 200 poignant, funny, and provocative stories that together comprise a love letter to literature and the physical book. Some of the stories are disastrous, some touching, but all are illuminating, revealing volumes about the relationships. There's the couple who tried to read Ulysses together over the course of their long-distance relationship and ultimately never finished it. There's the girl whose school library wouldn't allow her to check out Fahrenheit 451. At Christmas she found a copy waiting for her with the note, "Little Sister: Read everything you can. Learn about all the ideas that this world has to offer. Subvert Authority! Love always, your big brother." There are stories of people falling in love, regretting mistakes, and finding hope. Illustrated in full-color with the jackets of beloved editions, these stories convey vivid memories of insights and revelations, disappointments and joy, illuminated with the wisdom the passing of time brings and enabled by the enduring influence of the books we love"-- "A gift book treasure--romantic and nostalgic, funny and surprising, and often moving--in the tradition of the bestselling PostSecret, THE BOOKS THEY GAVE ME collects stories of significant books people have received and what those books meant to them"--… (more)
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[ Contexo Home Page ] [ Introduction ] [ Basic Chemistry ] [ Cell Chemistry ] [ Cell Structure ] [ Mitochondria ] [ Cell Nucleus ] [ Chromosomes ] [ Mitosis ] [ Meiosis ] [ Proteins ] [ DNA ] [ DNA Replication ] [ Gene Expression ] [ Mutation ] [ Molecular Genealogy ] [ Collecting Your Own DNA ] [ Polymerase Chain Reation ] [ Primers ] [ DNA Sequencing ] [ How Microsatellite Repeats Are Counted ] [ YSTR Database Allele Frequency Charts ] [ Dorsey DNA Surname Project Home Page ] [ Links ]
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I Weave
Together Information
And Why Do We
Through some quirk of
evolution, DNA polymerase is only able to add nucleotides to the
3' (sugar) end of a growing chain of DNA. Therefore, it is not able
just to
start right up building a complementary strand for a length of DNA that has
been separated from its partner. To get around this problem in
the cell, an enzyme called a primase produces a short
string of nucleotides (usually 15-30) that are complementary to the
first part of the segment of DNA that is being copied. This string of
nucleotides, called a primer ,
attaches to the beginning of the template strand by base pairing. DNA
polymerase is then able to add the next complementary nucleotide to the free 3' end of
the primer. From there it continues adding more complementary nucleotides to the template DNA until a new double strand of
DNA is completed. (See
Replication for more detail.)
The sides of a DNA molecule are
that is, they run in
opposite directions. In other words, the sugar molecule of one
base pair compared to the other is flipped over--so that the two
sides of a DNA chain are replicated from different directions.
Since DNA polymerase operates from the 5' (phosphate) to the 3'
(sugar) end, this means that two different DNA primers are
needed--one for each 5' end of side of the molecule.
It is this requirement for dual
primers that makes it possible to precisely define the area of a DNA
molecule to be amplified by the PCR. By using custom made primers with
complementary sequences at, or adjacent to, the beginning of the
marker targeted for amplification, it is possible to specify where
the new chain should begin.
Of course, it is also necessary to
tell the DNA polymerase where to stop as well as where to begin.
A second primer with sequences that are complementary to the end of
the targeted segment is added to the PCR brew. In this way it
is possible to create short segments of "target DNA" that
include only the marker of interest and a bit of its flanking
region on either end. Below is a diagram of the first few
steps of this reaction showing how these primers accomplish this.
The marker in this example is based loosely on the Y STR marker
DYS391 and its published primers
Modifications have been made for brevity and clarity. There
are eight repeats of the tetranucleotide sequence CTAT.
The marker (DNA
segment) targeted for amplification is highlighted in yellow.
Primers to match
the ends of the target are show below--the
left primer is
highlighted in green and the
right primer
highlighted in blue.
Right and left
arrows signify that the DNA strand extends indefinitely in the
direction of the arrow though sequences are omitted to conserve
Sequences in green
represent the two strands of the original DNA being amplified.
Sequences in red represent strands synthesized during the PCR
Each round of the
PCR is a three step process controlled by precise temperature
As the temperature
is raised to 94-96° Centigrade, the two strands of DNA separate.
When the
temperature is lowered to 50-65° Centigrade, the primers find
their complementary sequences adjacent to the target DNA segment
and anneal to them (bind.)
As the temperature
is raised to 72° Centigrade, DNA polymerase begins adding nucleotides from the PCR
mixture to both strands (see DNA
Replication for more details.)
In the first round
(below), there are two double stranded DNA strnds.
However, there is
nothing in this place to tell the enzyme where to stop on either
strand both strands extend well beyond the target segment at the
3' end. However, one end of each newly synthesized strand
has been defined by the positions of the primers--the
leading strand will begin at the 5' end of the target (primer
highlighted in green above.) The lagging strand
(primer highlighted in blue above) will begin at the 3' end. The
original template strands retain their length (signified by the
green arrows.)
of Round One
After round two
(below), two
of the resulting four double stranded molecules each has one strand
that contains only the marker and its flanking regions and one
strand that has one end defined and the other still extended.
The other two strands are each made up of one strand of the
original molecule and one strand that extends beyond the marker at
one end and is "cut" at the other.
Results of Round Two
At the end of round
three (below,) PCR finally yields two double stranded molecules of the
desired length (numbers 3 and 6) and an assortment of others.
Results of Round Three
As the cycles
continue, more and more of segments that include only the marker
and the bits of flanking nucleotides are generated. While
the original strands do continue to generate "uncut" or
"half-cut" molecules, their concentration is negligible.
At the end of 30 cycles, 1,073,741,764 copies of the desired
length have been produced but only about 60 of the "uncut"
And, after plowing
through all of this, probably the best way to understand the way
primers can be used to isolate targeted sections of DNA for
amplification in PCR is to view the flash animation from the
Dolan DNA Learning Center at Cold Springs Harbor.
It is the sequence of this primer that
determines where it binds to the DNA sample and thereby defines the
region of DNA to be amplified. This small strand of nucleotides
anneals (binds) by complementary base pairing to the beginning of
the area being copied. With the primer in place, DNA
polymerase is then able to continue adding the rest of the pairs of
the segment (Adding an excess of primers insures
that the primers will bind to the separated strands of the DNA
samples so that the separated strands don't just recombine
(self-anneal) when the temperature is lowered.)
By carefully choosing the proper
primers, it is possible to specify exact regions of a DNA mixture
for amplification. So rather than making copies of the entire
mix of DNA in a sample, it is possible to copy only certain segments
which can then be analyzed, measured and compared.
The PCR
process uses primers that have been synthesized in the laboratory to
bind to highly specific sites on DNA. The DNA
between the primers is replicated with great fidelity using a DNA
polymerase enzyme
There are a number of
interactive websites and software programs that aid in designing
primers for replicating specific predefined regions of DNA such as
the markers on the Y chromosome used for genealogical testing.
At present, the application of this science to genealogical research
is very new--with only a handful of labs even offering such
services. It is not clear whether all labs are using the
same primers for each marker. For this reason marker values of
tests conducted by different labs may not be 100% comparable.
For a more
detailed discussion of primer selection see:
Where Can I Go From Here??
[ Contexo Home Page ] [ Introduction ] [ Basic Chemistry ] [ Cell Chemistry ] [ Cell Structure ] [ Mitochondria ] [ Cell Nucleus ] [ Chromosomes ] [ Mitosis ] [ Meiosis ] [ Proteins ] [ DNA ] [ DNA Replication ] [ Gene Expression ] [ Mutation ] [ Molecular Genealogy ] [ Collecting Your Own DNA ] [ Polymerase Chain Reation ] [ Primers ] [ DNA Sequencing ] [ How Microsatellite Repeats Are Counted ] [ YSTR Database Allele Frequency Charts ] [ Dorsey DNA Surname Project Home Page ] [ Links ]
This web
is lovingly dedicated to the memory of
Mr. James Dorsey
who so graciously and enthusiastically
donated his DNA to solve our family mystery.
Jim Dorsey
2/12/1930 — 4-30-2002
Contexo.info 2002-2009
Not for profit, educational website


text:
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text:
ProSounds have launched their new website offering their ProSound brand of patches/presets for purchase over the net.
The first soundsets to be launched are those for the Novation Bass Station and DashSignature daAlpha2k.
The Bass Station sounds includes a full bank of 100 presets in FXB and MID format and can be used in both the software and hardware versions of this classic synthesizer. [$19.95]
The daAlpha2k sounds include five volumes, each containing 128 patches in FXB format, covering basses, leads, pads & textures, soundFX and essential sounds. The prices range from $9.95 to $11.95 for each volume and you can also buy them as a bundle including all 5 volumes for $39.95.
They have a selection of free presets available for download for demo purposes.


text:
Results 1 to 4 of 4
Threaded View
- Join Date
- Jan 2013
- Posts
- 4
2012 BOWTECH INSANITY and 2005 ALLEGIANCE
2012 Insanity has 60 to 70# limbs. Will sell as a bare bow for $675. Bow has limb driven rest and trophy ridge sight if you want full set up $900. The insanity is in very good condition.The Allegiance is 2005 has e5 cams so its a 28 draw. You would need to replace to adjust draw. Bare bow is $275 or complete bow $325. I will send u more pictures to.Attachment 26489Attachment 26490Attachment 26491Attachment 26492Attachment 26493Attachment 26494
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The Bowtech Insanity is at Cinnamon CreekBy Gunther in forum General Archery ForumReplies: 2Last Post: 01-13-2012, 10:39 PM
I have an 2012 Bowtech Insanity to bring backBy Chris in forum General Archery ForumReplies: 10Last Post: 01-11-2012, 06:09 PM
2005 Bowtech Allegiance LH 28/70By Straight Shooter in forum Bowtech Bows for Sale or TradeReplies: 3Last Post: 08-29-2007, 01:57 PM
2005 Bowtech AllegianceBy briz50 in forum Bowhunting forumReplies: 16Last Post: 08-03-2006, 11:15 PM
2005 bowtech allegiance for saleBy 383bull in forum Bowtech Bows for Sale or TradeReplies: 1Last Post: 12-13-2005, 02:44 PM


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Dr. Morris Nejat is an assistant clinical professor of pediatrics at Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons as well as at New York University Medical College. He graduated cum laude from Drew University in New Jersey and obtained his medical degree from the University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School. His internship and residency in pediatrics were completed at North Shore University Hospital, Cornell University Medical College. His allergy/immunology fellowship was performed at the R.A. Cooke Institute of Allergy at St. Lukes/Roosevelt Hospital Center, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons. Dr. Nejat is Board Certified in pediatrics and has received appointments in pediatrics at St. Lukes/Roosevelt Hospital Center and Bellevue Hospital Center in New York City. Dr. Nejat is frequently quoted in the media, including NBC news, Fox News, WB11 News, ABC news and numerous consumer publications. He also frequently lectures to physicians and consumers on the topics of allergy, asthma, eczema and food allergies.
Dr. Erin Banta graduated with a bachelor of science from Cornell University and went on to receive her MD from the State University of New York at Buffalo. She completed both her residency training in Internal Medicine and her fellowship in Allergy and Immunology at Penn State University in Hershey, PA. Dr. Banta is board certified in Internal Medicine and Allergy/Immunology. She is a member of the American Academy of Asthma, Allergy and Immunology and the American College of Asthma, Allergy and Immunology. Dr. Banta sees both adults and children.
Dr. Sharon Yee is a native of New Jersey. She received a Bachelor of Arts in Biology from Boston University and a Master's of Science in Biomedical Science from University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey (UMDNJ). She later earned her medical doctorate from UMDNJ, and completed a residency in Internal Medicine at Einstein-Montefiore Medical Center. She is certified by the American Board of Internal Medicine. Dr. Yee completed a fellowship in Allergy and Immunology at National Jewish Health/University of Colorado, which is the nation's leading respiratory hospital. She has been involved in multiple translational and clinical research projects, which have included studies in food allergy, drug allergy and asthma. She is a member of the American Academy of Allergy and Immunology (AAAAI) and the American College of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology (ACAAI). Dr. Yee specializes in treating an array of allergic and immunological disorders, with interests in asthma, atopic dermatitis (eczema), and chronic urticaria (hives). She enjoys taking care of both adult and pediatric patients.
Dr. Robert Lin graduated from University of California, Berkeley and State University of New York-Brooklyn(Downstate) where he also completed clinical training in internal medicine and allergy/immunology. He holds professorship appointments at New York Medical College and WeillCornell Medical College. He served as the president of the NewYork Allergy & Asthma Society 20122013 and is the editorinchief for the Internet Journal of Asthma, Allergy & Immunology. For 20 years he headed allergy and immunology at St Vincents Hospital, where he researched and published in many areas including sepsis, asthma, allergic rhinitis, AIDS, food allergy and anaphylaxis. Personal statement:"With significant breadth of clinical exposure in diverse patient populations, as well as involvement with research and expert opinion consultation, I strive to provide optimal treatment and a more gratifying medical experience for patients. My philosophy is that both identification of allergic and immunologic disease, and holistic assessment of the patient are important in formulating an effective and appropriate therapeutic approach."
Kristyl Cuenca-Sisko has been working alongside the team at NYAllergy and Sinus Centers since July of 2011. She has worked specifically in the field of allergy, asthma & immunology for the past decade. Kristyl holds a P.A. degree from the Wagner College/ Staten Island University Hospital Physician Assistant Program and is certified by the National Commission on Certification of Physician Assistants. She has extensive experience in the field of allergy, asthma & immunotherapy with a passion for patient education. Kristyl has also worked in pediatrics/adolescent health and internal medicine. She is an Allied Healthcare Member of the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology, Fellow Member of the American Academy of Physician Assistants and a Sustaining Member of the New York State Society of Physician Assistants.
Toni Santiago is a registered and certified Physician Assistant who joined NY Allergy & Sinus Center in 2008. Toni became a Physician Assistant in 1998 through the program at Sisters of Charity Medical Center, NY. She has also served as an adjunct assistant professor with the Physician Assistant programs at St. Vincent's Medical Center, Pace University-Lenox Hill Hospital, and at Touro College School of Health Science. Prior to joining NY Allergy & Sinus Center, Toni served as a Physician Assistant in the general surgery department at Lutheran Medical Center. During her precious down time, Toni enjoys camping and taking family trips with her husband and her three children. Toni finds helping patients with seasonal and food allergies extremely rewarding , as she has first-hand experience at home with her three children who also live with anaphylactic food allergies.
Sara Lynn Sterling is a registered physician assistant at NY Allergy & Sinus Center. Sara Lynn was raised in Kansas City, Missouri and began her education at Truman State University. After graduation, she gained experience working with patients in a cardiac intensive care unit in Minneapolis. Sara Lynn continued her professional education at Midwestern University located in Chicago. After obtaining her masters degree in physician assistant studies, Sara Lynn moved to Brooklyn and began working at NY Allergy and Sinus Center. Sara Lynn's professional interests include pediatric medicine and asthma management. She also enjoys traveling, photography, and spending time with family and friends.
Sabina joined NYASC in May 2015. She is responsible for the management, practice operations and business development of the practice. Sabina has over fifteen years experience in practice management and has worked for large health systems and private practices with multiple specialties. Her goal is the have the practice deliver efficient and effective service to the patients of NYASC.


text:
Edge Show 20 - MMS 2012 Updates
Download this episode
The Microsoft Managment Summit 2012 is just two weeks away and Corporate Vice President Brad Anderson dropped by with some updates about the event. While the event is sold out, you still can catch all of the action from your desk! Brad announces that you will be able to catch not only both the Keynotes, but also the ability for you to stream sessions within 24 hours of their completion! Brad also discusses some of the opportunities you will have if you were able to register to attend in person.
Catch the live stream of the keynotes at http://www.microsoft.com/server-cloud
Visit http://mms-2012.com for the rest of your MMS 2012 information.
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Edge Show 21 - MCSE Reinvented and Windows Powershell Web Access
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text: I always said to myself that if I was on Air Force One, I wouldn't worry about the plane crashing because the president is on it and his life is so important that the plane would be well maintained and every precaution would be taken to ensure the safety of it. Just how safe is Air Force One and is there a higher level of safety guarantee if you are on it? What type of airline is it? Boeing or Airbus?