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Released: 1997
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Albert Leornes Greene (born April 13, 1946), often known as The Reverend Al Green, is an American singer, songwriter and record producer, best known for recording a series of soul hit singles in the early 1970s, including "Take Me to the River", "Tired of Being Alone", "I'm Still in Love with You", "Love and Happiness" and his signature song, "Let's Stay Together".
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On this blog, we advocate for the teaching of REAL science in public school science classrooms.
But what is REAL science?
REAL science...
Recognizes its limits - Science only works with phenomena that can be independently verified by observations or empirical tests. This is a practical approach to the study of the natural world that has proven to be extremely conducive to the advancement of scientific knowledge. Since this approach does not rule out the existence of non-verifiable phenomena, any claims about the existence or non-existence of such phenomena are not scientific.
Enriches our understanding of the universe - Science enhances our appreciation of ourselves and of the world around us. It does not attempt to supplant or displace other ways of knowing, such as philosophy, religion, or ethics. Knowledge gained through scientific investigation is transferable to other contexts, but science does not invalidate other modes of human inquiry.
Approximates reality - Science is not an attempt to prove hypotheses, but rather an attempt to falsify them. The purpose of a scientific model is to provide a conceptual framework that guides and directs future research. Although all foundational scientific models have been extensively tested, no scientific model should ever be viewed as absolute truth. All scientific models are tentative and subject to potential modification as new empirical evidence becomes available.
Leads to new knowledge - Science is a systematic approach to developing physical, mathematical, and conceptual models for understanding the natural world. The best scientific models are those that have both explanatory and predictive power. In other words, scientific models should not only explain what is currently known, they should routinely generate new hypotheses for further research.
Everyone in this debate wants a better world, and we can all benefit from the knowledge gained through the application of the scientific method. When it comes to science education, our goal should be to teach our children to understand and appreciate the scientific method so that it can be utilized for the benefit of all humanity. Consequently, we must not allow the quality of science education in our public schools to be compromised by the current culture war concerning who holds "the Truth."We have an obligation to our children to pursue only the best available science. We should accept nothing less than REAL science in our public school science classrooms.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Question on Fuel Pressure Test / Diagnostic
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Registered User
Location: CA
Join Date: Aug 2012
Posts: 10
Mein Auto: 2001 E39 Wagon
View My Garage
Thanks mbell666 and Makomagnet for your responses. I appreciate your feedback.
I have an AutoXray 6000 that read no fault codes through the standard OBDII. I ordered some INPA/Ediasbas cables to try to read the BMW specific codes and diagnostics but haven't received yet. Shipping from Hong Kong. The oil level is good.
I actually ordered a new Crankshaft Position Sensor last week and I'm just doing the fuel pressure and spark test for extra confirmation. I suspect CPS but I haven't tested it yet since I do have all the symptoms of a bad CPS. I was too lazy to pull the CPS to get the ohm measurement but I will probably do it on my day off on New Year's. It also appears to be a favorite failure point on our E39s.
From my readings from general web searches, the fuel rail does take a few seconds to reach threshold (3-5 seconds would be normal). I would assume that if there was some pressure in the rail, priming the fuel pump for 2 seconds should bring it up to 42 as you mentioned, Makomagnet. Apparently, if you run out of gas and added gas to the tank, it would take a bunch of cranking to get the gas to the fuel rail and to build the needed pressure.
I may be wrong but the case is that if you put the key to the second position, the pump primes and it's ready to pump fuel into the fuel lines through to the rails. The pump stops at this point (in a ready state) unless you proceed to crank the engine. Cranking will turn on the fuel pump again and continue to build the necessary psi in the rail. If the CPS failed, the fuel pump will not turn on during cranking and no increase in fuel pressure is seen which I believe is my case. The fuel pressure tester gauge does not increase psi even after cranking for a few seconds. But it does while priming.
I primed my pump 8 times and I was able to achieve almost 50 psi (looks like 48). My pressure guage must not be accurate if it's supposed to be 42. 8 x 2 secs is 16 secs and that doesn't sound good for me as it might indicate I have other issues to deal with. I didn't think this would cause a no start issue. Maybe more like a start and stall, start and stall issue on the fuel side.
That's a good question Makomagnet because I think based on the previous owner's receipts, the fuel filter and pressure regulator has never been changed. It's at 118k now so it's probably my next maintenance issue to tackle.
I'm kind of leaning towards it being normal like mbell666 said since the fuel pump is priming and I'm able to achieve the threshold psi on the fuel rail but it is definitely underperforming maybe from the fuel filter and pressure regulator as Makomagnet pointed out. It really helps to have a great community like yourselves. The feedback helps tremendously. Please correct me if anything stands out wrong.
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text: Home > Business > Paid in Full? Business Paid in Full? Legal By Alexander Barthet Login or Register to download the PDF version of this article. (1.83 MB) A customer disputes your claim for extras in some change orders you've submitted. You explain that the scope of the contracted work has been changed, but the owner isn't seeing it your way. You complete the punch list work and receive a check—marked "payment in full" in the memo line—for less than the invoiced amount, along with a letter from the homeowner explaining his position. You wonder: If I cash the check, will I still be able to make a claim for the unpaid balance?Unfortunately, in many jurisdictions, the answer is no. When parties mutually intend to settle an existing dispute regarding an amount due by accepting a certain payment amount (such as a check marked "payment in full"), then that payment will result in the discharge of the prior disputed obligation (an "accord and satisfaction" in legal terms).... Login or Register to continue reading


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Latin Americana Collection
Collection Guides and Reference
Other Collections
The Bancroft Collection
Digital Collections
Digital Images & Texts
Mexican Inquisition documents
As the oldest research library specializing in the history of Western North America, The Bancroft Library holds remarkable collections of original documents reflecting the history of Mexico and Central America as well. Bancroft's curators constantly seek out rare and unique items and collections that will build on the Library's greatest strengths. An astonishing opportunity presented itself at the California International Antiquarian Book Fair, where the curators discovered a remarkable cache of manuscript records of the Mexican Inquisition. The collection comprises sixty-one volumes and covers the period from 1593 to 1817. News of the collection spread quickly through the fair and numerous individuals approached staff from Bancroft to be certain we were aware that the collection was on the floor.
Indeed we were! Furthermore we recognized that this might very well be the last large group of Inquisition records likely to come onto the market. Most other portions of the records already form part of permanent research collections, including Bancroft. The curators rapidly evaluated the offer. By acquiring the collection Bancroft would double the size of its holdings of original Inquisition documents, easily making itself the largest single repository of original Mexican Inquisition manuscript records outside of Mexico. At the same time the curators recognized that they would need to seek assistance in funding the acquisitions. The intensity of interest in the materials and the significant number of individuals alerting us to the collection suggested that we would be able to reach out for funding help. But most important of all, we needed to determine that the material could legitimately be acquired, for the largest collection of Inquisition documents is now part of the National Archives of Mexico. Bancroft's curator of Latin American materials telephoned the National Archives and learned that they were aware of the collection we wanted to acquire. Because of a long-standing cooperative approach between Bancroft and the Mexican Archives, they endorsed our acquisition of the fifty-nine volumes. With the assurance that we could legitimately purchase the collection we committed ourselves to doing so.
The richness of the archival documents can only be suggested in a brief survey. Most of them are procesos or trials that typically include the indictment supported by genealogical lists, records of property, and the most minute details of evidence. The history of the Inquisition remains a central element to understanding the juxtaposition of Christian culture to other cultures of both the Old and New Worlds. The Inquisition traces its origin to 13th-century France, where it was established to protect religious orthodoxy. Introduced into Castile in the late 15th century, it was especially aimed at "New Christians," primarily Jews converted to Christianity. In the Americas the Inquisition was established primarily to protect against the Protestant menace. Although it periodically focused on the secret practice of Jewish observance, Crypto-Judaism, the Inquisitors focused primarily on other breaches of orthodoxy and sexual misconduct, especially among the clergy: the solicitation of sex in the confessional, moral turpitude, bigamy, blasphemy, superstition and witchcraft. One bizarre trial accuses a priest of profanation of the sacraments by blasphemously marrying two dogs.
Richard Greenleaf, dean of colonial Inquisition scholars, has recently issued a call to rethink the "tired clich�s about the Mexican Inquisition" by probing more deeply the documentary sources. Rolena Adorno of Yale, this country's most distinguished scholar of colonial Spanish American literature, calls Bancroft's new collection a gold mine for the type of "hands-on" learning that students can only get by working with original documents, whether to understand one of the basic institutions of viceregal society in New Spain, to examine beliefs and practices of popular culture, or to learn about the relationship between strict procedure and the lack of due process. Thus this collection will serve the needs of advanced research scholars as well as giving our students the ability to work with, analyze, and learn from, original documentary sources.
Collection Guides and Reference
Guides to the Latin American Collections of The Bancroft Library
| Bancroft Home | General Information | Collections | Research Programs |


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Road Show Company
Saturday, March 23, 2013 at 6:00 PM - Sunday, March 24, 2013 at 3:00 PM (MST)
Who's Going
San Francisco, California
London, United Kingdom
Florence, Italy
Event Details
An impressive collection by artist legend, Peter Max's exquisite paintings will be on exhibition and available for acquisition at DeRubeis Fine Art – 7171 East Main St. Max will be unveiling his extraordinary new Masters series, interpretive works of Vincent Van Gogh, Monet, Pablo Picasso, Renoir, and Edgar Degas, conceived in Max's signature style and colors. Exhibit previews begin on March 21 and the exhibition extends through Sunday March 24. Peter Max will be making two very special appearances at DeRubeis Fine Art on Saturday, March 23from 6-9pm and Sunday, March 24 from 12-3pm. RSVP'S Requested at 888.513.8385.
When & Where
DeRubeis Fine Art
7171 East Main Street
Saturday, March 23, 2013 at 6:00 PM - Sunday, March 24, 2013 at 3:00 PM (MST)
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Keeping Your Teens Safe From Online Relationships
Today, more people are forming friendships and relationships via the Internet. Even though the Internet is a great way to meet new people, it can also be a very dangerous place for a teen. Fortunately, there are a number of ways that you can keep your teen safe from the dangers of online relationships. Below are some tips that will help you keep your child safe:
Talk to Them About Internet Safety
Communicating with your child is one of the most important things that you can do as a parent. That is why you should talk to your teen about Internet safety. In addition to talking to your teen about Internet safety, you should also install an Internet filter on your computer. That will help block websites that contain questionable content. Furthermore, you should encourage your teen to talk to you if he or she is being threatened online.
Monitor Your Teen's Social Networking Sites
Many teens today use Facebook, Twitter and other social networking sites to meet people. These sites also contain predators. That is why you should tell your child to give you his or her password to the social networking site. You should check all of his or her social networking sites at least once a week. Your teen will not like it, but you should explain to him or her that it is for the best.
Do Not Allow Your Child To Have A Computer In His or Her Room
It will be much easier for you to keep tabs on what your teen is doing if the computer is in the family room. Additionally, your teen will be a lot less likely to do something that he or she is not supposed to do if the computer is in the family room.
Know Where Your Child Is Going
Some teens will try to meet up with people that they met online without telling their parents. That is why you should make sure that you know where your child is going at all times. If you get a feeling that your child is being dishonest, then you should not hesitate to pay a surprise visit.
Keeping your teens safe from the dangerous people online is a challenge. The good news is that talking to your child about Internet safety and monitoring your teen's activity online will make this task easier. Furthermore, you should know where your child is going at all times.
*This is an informational article about keeping your teens safe online. If you want to know more about this or alternative school options, please read more articles on this website.*


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7 comments
Funny how the "gun totin' Right" is always complaining the Obama is going to take away their guns, when (to the best of my knowledge) he's never said a thing about limiting gun ownership. Even after the Sandy Hook incident he only said we "will take meaningful action to prevent more tragedies like this." How will the Right make this one his fault with out shooting themselves in the foot?
On an unrelated note, that European newscaster with the accent is hot!
I think she's an Aussie…
Listening to it again, I think you're right.
She's definitely an Aussie. Just listen to to twang when she says the word "United" in United States.
Had an hour wait for a prescription so I did some shopping to pass the time. Store was pretty quiet- except in the back. Men, ten deep, at the gun counter. I walked away wondering what in the hell those customers are thinking.
"That negro is going to take our guns, then our jerbs!" is most likely what is being swirled in those heads, I wouldn't call it thinking though.
Also fun to note, gun companies like Smith & Wesson see sharp decline in stock value after these massacres because investors think mean ol' Obama is going to close the companies. After sales go up, though, market values climb considerably.
Comments are closed.


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posted at 5:49 pm on December 6, 2012 by Duane Patterson
The field of Democrats to replace disgraced former Illinois Congressman Jesse Jackson, Jr. narrowed a bit today. Actually, you could say it was a self-inflicted wound. Longtime Illinois State Senator Donne Trotter misfired when he attempted to walk through TSA at O'Hare International with a handgun and six rounds of ammunition in his carry-on bag. Here's WGN's report:
Now while Senator Trotter cools his heels in the pokey awaiting charges on a class four felony, it would normally be inappropriate to pile onto his current legal troubles. And by piling on, I of course mean look at the Democrat's record on the gun control issue. But it's the holiday season, and conservatives need something to bring good cheer. So from the Chicago Tribune today:
Trotter has been a longtime gun-control advocate who opposed concealed carry legislation in the state. In an unsuccessful Democratic primary bid in 2000 against U.S. Rep. Bobby Rush, Trotter chided another candidate in the contest for being absent from a special legislative session during a crucial gun-control vote.
"It's important for our constituents to be here to act upon this one way or another," Trotter said of then-state Sen. Barack Obama.
I only have one question. What would Bob Costas do?
Exit thought: Does the arrest of Donne Trotter make the TSA racist, too?


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It's a Fourth of July picnic as Woodland Park Zoo's animals—orangutans, hippos, otters and more—are treated to star-shaped popsicles, watermelons or corn on the cob in celebration of Red, White & Zoo. Hear zookeepers talk about how treats and other activities are part of the zoo's excellent animal care program to help enrich the lives of the zoo's animals, promote natural animal behavior, keep animals mentally stimulated and engage visitors.
The event is free with zoo admission or membership. Save time and buy online today!
Willawong Station 10:00-2:30 Sow Bugs Morning/Afternoon Anoa 10:00 Tortoises 10:00 Maned Wolves 10:00 Lions 10:00 (July 2 only) Hippos 10:30 Asian Small-clawed Otters 11:30 Grizzlies 11:30 River Otters Noon Gorillas 1:00 Visayan Warty Pigs 1:00 (July 2 only) Kunekune Pigs 1:30 Ambassador Animals 1:30 Red Ruffed Lemurs 2:00 Ring-tailed Lemurs 2:00 Wolves 2:00 Meerkats 3:00
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Submissions from 2017
Abductive Reasoning in WTO Law, Chios Carmody
Obligations versus Rights: Substantive Difference between WTO and International Investment Law, Chios Carmody
Great Expectations: the Treatment of Expectations in WTO and International Investment Law, Chios Carmody and Chios Carmody
Submissions from 2016
Interdependence and the WTO Agreement as a "Contractual Constitution", Chios Carmody
Theory and Theoretical Approaches to WTO Law, Chios Carmody
Submissions from 2015
Canadian Bankruptcy and Insolvency Law: Cases, Texts and Materials, 3rd ed (Toronto: Emond Montgomery, 2015), Thomas G. W. Telfer, Anthony Duggan, Stephanie Ben-Ishai, Janis Sarra, and Roderick Wood
Submissions from 2014
Ruin and Redemption: The Struggle for a Canadian Bankruptcy Act, 1867-1919. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, Osgoode Society of Canadian Legal History, 2014, Thomas G. W. Telfer
Copyright Users' Rights in International Law, Margaret Ann Wilkinson
The Confidentiality of Seclusion: Studying Information Flows to Test Intellectual Property Paradigms, Margaret Ann Wilkinson
Submissions from 2013
The Context of the Supreme Court's Copyright Cases, Margaret Ann Wilkinson
Canadian Intellectual Property Law: Cases and Materials, Margaret Ann Wilkinson, Gregory Hagan, Cameron Hutchison, David Lametti, Graham Reynolds, and Teresa Scassa
Submissions from 2012
Mobilizing Intellectual Property Expertise [MIPE] Final Report, Margaret Ann Wilkinson, Mark Perry, and Richard McLaren
Submissions from 2011
Access to Digital Information: Gift or Right?, Margaret Ann Wilkinson
Intellectual Property Rights in the Canada-United States Relationship, Margaret Ann Wilkinson
Submissions from 2010
Canada's Implementation of International Law: Why It Matters, Chios Carmody
Canada's Indoor Arbitration Management: Making Good on Promises to the Outside World, Chios Carmody
Introduction: Is Our House in Order? Canada's Implementation of International Law, Chios Carmody
Is Our House in Order? Canada's Implementation of International Law, Chios Carmody
The Protection of Rights Management Information: Modernization or Cup Half Full?, Mark Perry
From Music Tracks to Google Maps: Who Owns Computer-generated Works?, Mark Perry and Thomas Margoni
A Holistic Model of Information Policy, Samuel E. Trosow
Bill C-32 and the Educational Sector: Overcoming Impediments to Fair Dealing, Samuel E. Trosow
Why Copyright Fair-Dealing Needs Flexibility, Samuel E. Trosow
Confidential Information and Privacy-Related Law in Canada and in International Instruments, Margaret Ann Wilkinson
Copyright, Collectives, and Contracts: New Math for Educational Institutions and Libraries, Margaret Ann Wilkinson


text: GREENWOOD VILLAGE, Colo., Dec. 3, 2012 /PRNewswire/ -- Just when guests didn't think Jim Day could get any better, Red Robin is upping the ante — and the fun! Tomorrow, Dec. 4, Jim Day makes a comeback, and Red Robin will offer a free Sweet Jim Beam® Bacon Swiss Burger to any guest named Jim, Jimmy, James, Jamie or any other related moniker at participating restaurants nationwide. And since most roads eventually lead to Red Robin, the Gourmet Burger Expert will offer one of these same sweet burgers to anyone who lives on Jim Street or on any street that includes a variation of Jim in the street name.* (Logo: http://photos.prnewswire.com/prnh/20120522/NY11686LOGO ) "On Jim Day last year, we served nearly 25,000 free Sweet Jim Beam Bacon Swiss Burgers to guests lucky enough to share the most popular first name in the U.S.," said Denny Marie Post, senior vice president and chief marketing officer of Red Robin. "We got tons of great feedback so we're doing it again, even bigger. This year we've included a new way to qualify. If you aren't a Jim, James or Jamie but you do live on James Street, you're in!" For a second year in a row, Red Robin has teamed up with one of the most famous Jims for this limited-time burger – Jim Beam ®, the best-selling bourbon brand in the world – and its iconic burger is coming home for the holidays at Red Robin this season. Topped with hardwood-smoked bacon, caramelized bourbon onions, melted Swiss cheese and slathered in a sweet Jim Beam® bourbon glaze, this delicious burger is stacked on a garlic-butter toasted brioche bun and sure to warm every hungry guest this season. Guests hungry for the Jim Day burger offer will need to verify their "Jim" status with a photo I.D. and/or proof of address in order to indulge in the Sweet Jim Beam® Bacon Swiss Burger's perfect combination of sweet and savory flavors for free.*


text:
Items in Cart:
Original Blackberry Curve 8520, EXCELLENT CONDITION! In South Africa and ready to mail.
Includes original Blackberry Battery and Charger. Pictures are of the phone we are selling!
Unlocked to all South African Networks.
Shipping SAPO Speed services: R75,00
Can be collected in Randburg immediately after payment (office houtrs only) R50.00 admin fee


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[Date Index]
[Thread Index]
[Author Index]
Dead Thread, some clarification...
I'm afraid I misspoke yesterday. Both examples were tried with the
ExtendGraphics version of ListContourPlot, but in case #1, the argument
was a list of {x,y,z} triples, and in case #2, the argument was the
corresponding rectangular array of z-values.
Also, I now believe the problem has to do with MathLink. Yesterday, I
was working with the MultiLinkServer and Mathematica Link for Excel,
which, I assume, makes use of MathLink. So I tried the following
examples in a fresh Mathematica session running a local Kernel:
pts= Table[x y,{x,-1.,1.,.2},{y,-1.,1.,.2}];
MeshRange->{{-1.,1.},{-1.,1.}},DisplayFunction->$DisplayFunction ]
, and
pts2=Flatten[Table[{x,y,x y},{x,-1.,1.,.2},{y,-1.,1.,.2}],1 ];
MeshRange->{{-1.,1.},{-1.,1.}},DisplayFunction->$DisplayFunction ]
Both plots should be colored contour plots. (Requires the
ExtendGraphics packages.)
Could my problem be a result of the MathLink bug in version 3.0.x ? or
is it be a problem with MultiLink (I haven't yet written Episoft about
this)? The Contour package apparently runs using MathLink to some
independently running packages that Tom wrote, and I wonder if the two
usages of MathLink are somehow interfering with each other. I'd still
like to contour plot irregularly spaced data with color while linking to
mark harder
harderm at ucs.orst.edu


text:
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Bus vs. train vs. my budget
Hi, I am looking for a way to get from Prague to Bruges, hopefully with the price being low, and ideally on a night bus/train.
I looked it up and I believe I will have to make a switch in Brussels, but if anyone else has anymore information that would be greatly appreciated.
Also I am looking for any trips, tricks, or advice for the remainder of my trip in regards to transport and the usefulness of of EuroPass in it.
Thanks in advance
Question about my trip
I'm going from Paris to Amsterdam to Berlin to Prague to Munich to Paris so should I just buy a Europass for 15 days, which will allow me to get all those places with no problem, right?
Also, should I book all my hostels in advance or should I just book my first night in each place or just book for Paris both times I am there?
Thanks for the help.
help me to plan-out tranport ideas
i was hoping someone could help me plan out what kind of transport should i take during my trip, i had been searching for the best and suitable way but turn out at the end, my mind was mix like a salad. there are different opinions as i read more.
i'll b starting/ending my journey from either venice/ krakow. the countries which i would like to go are :
1) amsterdam
2) prague
3)edinburgh (or should i change it with copanhagen?)
4. i need ideas…
date of travelling : 4th JULY – 14 JULY.
Travel from Paris to Switzerland
I will travel to Paris, Rome, Venice and Switzerland between 17th oct to 24th oct.
Can you suggest the best and the cheapest way to travel? i would like to enjoy the scenic beauty in the transit, if that doesnt come for an additional cost.
Should i opt for Eurorail.
Amsterdam to Interlaken
By train what is the best way to get to Interlaken from Amsterdam?
eurotrip 101: where to go, how to get there, and how to survive on a budget
Travelogue Entry in Paris, France


text:
Zimmerman won't seek pretrial hearing under 'Stand Your Ground' law
Published: Tuesday, April 30, 2013 at 12:13 p.m.
Last Modified: Tuesday, April 30, 2013 at 12:13 p.m.
SANFORD — The former neighborhood watch leader charged with fatally shooting Trayvon Martin told a judge Tuesday that he agrees with his defense attorneys' decision not to seek an immunity hearing under the state's "Stand Your Ground" self-defense law.
Under questioning from Circuit Judge Debra Nelson, Zimmerman repeatedly said "yes" to a series of questions asking if he was aware he was giving up the right to a hearing before his second-degree murder trial in June. A judge would have sole discretion in an immunity hearing to decide if Zimmerman is exempt from culpability in the shooting. A jury would make the determination in the murder trial.
"After consultation with my counsel, yes, your honor," Zimmerman said.
The judge had set aside two weeks at the end of April for an immunity hearing should Zimmerman want one. Prosecutor Bernie de la Rionda had filed a motion asking that Zimmerman make clear his intentions on whether he wanted the hearing.
Zimmerman's defense attorney, Mark O'Mara, told the judge Tuesday there was nothing in the law that required the immunity hearing to take place before Zimmerman's trial and could be requested after prosecutors have presented their case.
"We'd much rather have the jury address the issue of criminal liability or lack thereof," O'Mara said.
Zimmerman has pleaded not guilty, claiming self-defense. Martin was fatally shot in February 2012 during a fight with Zimmerman in a Sanford gated community.
O'Mara also wanted the court to unseal details on a civil settlement Martin's parents received from Zimmerman's homeowner's association. O'Mara contended the settlement could influence the testimony of Martin's parents, if they are called as witnesses.
The judge said defense attorneys and prosecutors could see full copies of the settlement but the public would only be able to see a version from which some information has been removed.
Reader comments posted to this article may be published in our print edition. All rights reserved. This copyrighted material may not be re-published without permission. Links are encouraged.


text:
Associations of objectively measured sedentary behaviour and physical activity with markers of cardiometabolic health
- First Online:
- Received:
- Accepted:
DOI: 10.1007/s00125-013-2845-9
- Cite this article as:
- Henson, J., Yates, T., Biddle, S.J.H. et al. Diabetologia (2013) 56: 1012. doi:10.1007/s00125-013-2845-9
The study aimed to examine the associations between objectively measured sedentary time, breaks in sedentary time, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and total physical activity with markers of cardiometabolic health in a population with known risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus.
This study reports data from two ongoing diabetes prevention programmes. Participants with known risk factors were recruited from primary care practices located within the East Midlands, UK, over the period 2010–2011. ActiGraph GT3X accelerometers (15 s epochs) were used to assess sedentary time (<25 counts per 15 s), MVPA (≥488 counts per 15 s) and total physical activity (total counts). A break was considered as any interruption in sedentary time (≥25 counts per 15 s). Linear regression examined the independent association of sedentary time, breaks in sedentary time, MVPA and total physical activity with markers of cardiometabolic health.
The sample comprised 878 participants; 153 from Project STAND (Sedentary Time And Diabetes) (age 32.9 ± 5.6 years, 28.8% male) and 725 from Walking Away from Diabetes (age 63.7 ± 7.8 years, 64.8% male). Following adjustment for various covariates, including MVPA and BMI, there were detrimental linear associations of sedentary time with 2 h plasma glucose (standardised beta coefficient) (β = 0.220, p < 0.001), triacylglycerol (β = 0.206, p = 0.001) and HDL-cholesterol (β = −0.123, p = 0.029). Breaks in sedentary time, total physical activity and MVPA were significantly inversely associated with measures of adiposity, but not with any other cardiometabolic variables after adjustment for sedentary time and BMI.
In adults at high risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus, time spent sedentary is strongly and adversely associated with cardiometabolic health and may be a more important indicator of poor health than MVPA.
KeywordsBreaks in sedentary time High risk Physical activity Primary care Sedentary behaviour Type 2 diabetes mellitus
Cardiovascular disease
Fasting plasma glucose
Impaired fasting glycaemia
Impaired glucose regulation
Impaired glucose tolerance
Index of multiple deprivation
Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity
Metabolic equivalent
Sedentary Time and Diabetes
Walking Away from Type 2 Diabetes
Sedentary behaviour has previously been characterised as ≤1.5 metabolic equivalents (METs) [1, 2]. METs are the energy cost of physical activity and are expressed as multiples of resting metabolic rate, where one MET (or 3.5 ml min–1 kg–1) is equivalent to a typical metabolism at rest. Given the fact it is impractical to measure energy expenditure in most studies and there are limited behaviours that involve both sitting and energy expenditure (>1.5 METs), a more operational behavioural interpretation has been recommended whereby sedentary behaviour is defined as any non-exercise sitting time [3]. Over the last decade, sedentary behaviour has emerged as a distinctive behavioural paradigm with detrimental effects on chronic disease risk, independent of moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) [4, 5, 6, 7, 8]. This new paradigm is conceptualised around two constructs: total time spent sedentary and the number of breaks in sedentary time (e.g. rising from a sitting/lying position to a more active state, including standing). Both expressions show strong associations with markers of cardiometabolic health independent of each other and other lifestyle behaviours [4, 5, 6, 8, 9].
Traditionally, epidemiological evidence examining the effect of sedentary time on health has tended to focus on self-report measures [6, 10, 11, 12], but these are prone to bias and have poor levels of validity [13]. Although more recent studies employing objective measures of sedentary behaviour have been reported, the effect of age on the association between sedentary time and cardiometabolic risk remains unclear, and most studies have been conducted in the general population without reference to specific risk factors [4, 5, 8, 14, 15]. It is therefore unclear to what extent the reported associations are generalisable to those at high risk of chronic disease. This is an important limitation as international recommendations and policies specify that chronic disease prevention strategies should include targeted interventions aimed at the identification and management of high-risk individuals [16, 17, 18]. Therefore, the importance of sedentary behaviour in this group needs to be better understood in order to inform the content and structure of prevention programmes.
In this study, we examined the extent to which sedentary time, breaks in sedentary time, MVPA and total physical activity are independently associated with cardiometabolic risk factors in a population with known risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus. We hypothesised that all four constructs would be independently associated with health in both younger and older adults.
This study used combined baseline data from two prevention studies, the Walking Away from Type 2 Diabetes Study (WA; ISRCTN31392913) and Project STAND (Sedentary Time And Diabetes; ISRCTN08434554), 2010–2011. Both trial protocols have been published elsewhere [19, 20]. Briefly, WA is a randomised controlled trial investigating whether a lifestyle intervention programme can promote behaviour change in those identified as being at high risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Similarly, Project STAND is a randomised controlled trial investigating the effect of structured education and self-monitoring on reducing sedentary time in young adults with known risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Individuals were unaware of their diabetes risk status before entering the two studies, and all participants were excluded if they had known type 2 diabetes mellitus or were taking steroids. Baseline measurements across both studies were performed before treatment allocation by the same team of trained staff, who followed identical standard operating procedures. Informed consent was obtained from all eligible participants, and both studies gained full ethical approval from the Nottingham Research Ethics Committee.
Walking Away from Type 2 Diabetes Study
Middle-aged and older adults (aged up to 74 years) were recruited from ten primary care practices within Leicestershire, UK. Individuals at high risk of impaired glucose regulation (IGR; a composite of impaired glucose tolerance [IGT] and/or impaired fasting glycaemia [IFG] or type 2 diabetes mellitus) were identified using a modified version of the automated Leicester Risk Score, specifically designed to be administered in primary care [21]. An automated platform using medical records was used to rank individuals for diabetes risk using predefined weighted variables (age, sex, BMI, family history of type 2 diabetes mellitus and use of antihypertensive medication). Those scoring within the 90th percentile in each practice were invited to take part in the study. This approach has been shown to have reasonable sensitivity and specificity for identifying participants with a high risk of IGR [21].
Project STAND
Young adults who were at risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus from across Leicestershire and the South East Midlands region were recruited from primary care practices. Practice databases were searched for participants meeting the following inclusion criteria: (1) aged 18–40 years with a BMI in the obese range (≥30 kg/m2; ≥27.5 kg/m2 for south Asian participants) or (2) aged 18–40 years with a BMI in the overweight range ≥25 kg/m2 (≥23 kg/m2 for south Asian participants) plus one additional risk factor; a family history of type 2 diabetes mellitus or cardiovascular disease (CVD), previous gestational diabetes, polycystic ovarian syndrome, HbA1c ≥5.8% (40 mmol/mol) or IGR [22].
Cardiovascular, metabolic and anthropometric outcomes
Markers of metabolic and cardiovascular health were measured, including fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and 2 h plasma glucose (via an OGTT), HbA1c, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and triacylglycerol. Venous blood samples were obtained following an overnight fast and all assays were measured in the same laboratory located within the Leicester Royal Infirmary, UK. Analysis was conducted by individuals blinded to the patients' identity, using stable methodologies, standardised to external quality assurance values. Plasma glucose was analysed in venous samples via the hexokinase method. HbA1c was analysed using the Bio-Rad Variant II HPLC system (Bio-Rad Clinical Diagnostics, Hemel Hempstead, UK). HDL-cholesterol and triacylglycerol were measured using standard enzymatic techniques.
Body weight (Tanita TBE 611; Tanita, West Drayton, UK) and waist circumference (midpoint between the lower costal margin and iliac crest) were measured to the nearest 0.1 kg and 0.5 cm, respectively. Information on current smoking status, medication and ethnicity was obtained following an interview administered protocol with a healthcare professional. Social deprivation was determined by assigning an Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD) score to the participant's resident area [23]. IMD scores are publicly available continuous measures of compound social and material deprivation that are calculated using a variety of data, including current income, employment, education and housing.
Accelerometer measures
Participants were asked to wear a triaxial accelerometer (ActiGraph GT3X, Pensacola, FL, USA) on the right midaxillary line of the hip (attached via a waistband), for a minimum of seven consecutive days during waking hours. These accelerometers translate raw accelerations into activity counts. Accelerometers were initialised to record activity in 5 s epochs in the STAND cohort and 15 s epochs in the WA cohort. During each sampling interval (5 s or 15 s), all registered activity counts were summed and stored in the monitor memory. In order to allow for direct comparison, all data from the STAND cohort were reintegrated into 15 s epochs. Freedson cut-points were used to categorise each epoch as sedentary (<25 counts per 15 s), light-intensity physical activity (≥25 to <488 counts per 15 s) or MVPA (≥488 counts per 15 s) [24]. Breaks in sedentary time were defined as a transition from a sedentary (<25 counts per 15 s) to an active state (≥25 counts per 15 s) [4, 8]. Total physical activity counts represented the summation of counts within each epoch.
Non-wear time was defined as a minimum of 60 min of continuous zero counts and days with at least 600 min wear time were considered valid [4, 5, 14]. In order for data to be included in the analysis, participants required at least four valid days of measurement [25].
All accelerometer-derived variables (sedentary time, MVPA, breaks in sedentary time and total counts) were computed by summing the values over all valid days and calculating the mean value per valid day.
An accelerometer data analysis tool (ActiSci, Hadleigh, UK) was used to process the accelerometer data.
Statistical analysis
Statistical analyses were performed using PASW Statistics v18.0 (Chicago, IL, USA). Due to their skewed distribution, FPG, 2 h glucose, HDL-cholesterol, triacylglycerol and total:HDL cholesterol ratio were log-transformed (log10).
Forced-entry linear regression analysis was used on the combined study cohorts to examine the independent associations of sedentary time, total physical activity, breaks in sedentary time and MVPA with markers of metabolic (FPG, 2 h glucose, HbA1c, waist circumference, BMI) and cardiovascular health (triacylglycerol, HDL-cholesterol and total:HDL cholesterol ratio).
Model 1 was adjusted for age, sex, smoking status, ethnicity, social deprivation, lipid lowering and beta-blocker medication, family history of type 2 diabetes mellitus and time the accelerometer was worn (average min/day). Model 2 was additionally adjusted for MVPA time (min/day), and the associations for breaks, MVPA and total physical activity were examined having also adjusted for sedentary time (min/day). In order to examine the extent to which adiposity may attenuate these relationships, model 3 was further adjusted for BMI.
Significant associations were followed up with interaction terms to assess differences in the strength of the associations between sedentary time, breaks in sedentary time, total physical activity and MVPA by study group and sex, adjusted for the covariates listed in model 2. To further represent the strength of sedentary time and breaks in sedentary time with cardiometabolic markers, variables were also examined as tertiles using analysis of covariance procedures.
In order to enable direct comparison to previous published studies, a sensitivity analysis was conducted to investigate whether results were affected by integrating the measure of sedentary time to 60 s epochs.
Two-tailed p ≤ 0.05 or less were considered statistically significant for main effects. Adjustment was not made for multiple comparisons; therefore data were viewed with caution and in relation to the overall pattern of results. A value p < 0.1 was considered significant for interactions. Due to log-transformation, and to allow for direct comparisons across cardiometabolic markers, results of the linear regression analysis are presented as the standardised beta coefficient (β) ± SE.
Demographics, metabolic, anthropometric and accelerometer characteristics of participants
STAND (n = 153)
Walking Away (n = 725)
All (n = 878)
Age (years)
32.9 ± 5.6
63.7 ± 7.8
58.4 ± 13.8
Current smokers
57 (37.3)
62 (8.6)
119 (13.6)
Family history of diabetes (first degree)
100 (65.4)
261 (36.0)
361 (41.1)
Cardiometabolic variables
BMI (kg/m2)
34.6 ± 4.8
31.2 ± 5.3
32.5 ± 5.2
Waist circumference (cm)
102.9 ± 13.5
101.3 ± 11.7
101.6 ± 12.0
Weight (kg)
98.3 ± 17.3
91.5 ± 16.5
92.7 ± 16.9
FPG (mmol/l)
4.8 (4.5–5.1)
5.2 (4.9–5.6)
5.1 (4.8–5.5)
2 h plasma glucose (mmol/l)
5.3 (4.5–6.4)
6.1 (4.9–7.8)
5.9 (4.8–7.5)
Body fat (%)
40.5 ± 7.2
35.6 ± 8.7
36.5 ± 8.6
Total cholesterol (mmol/l)
4.8 (4.2–5.4)
5.1 (4.3–5.9)
5.0 (4.3–5.8)
HDL-cholesterol (mmol/l)
1.2 (1.0–1.4)
1.4 (1.1–1.6)
1.3 (1.1–1.6)
Total:HDL cholesterol ratio (mmol/l)
3.9 (3.2–4.7)
3.7 (3.0–4.4)
3.8 (3.0–4.5)
Triacylglycerol (mmol/l)
1.30 (0.90–1.70)
1.30 (1.00–1.80)
1.30 (1.00–1.80)
Lipid-lowering medication
1 (0.7)
240 (33.1)
241 (27.4)
2 (1.3)
127 (17.5)
129 (14.7)
HbA1c (%)
5.6 (5.3–5.8)
5.9 (5.6–6.1)
5.8 (5.6–6.1)
HbA1c (mmol/mol)
38 (34–40)
41 (38–43)
40 (38–43)
White European
128 (83.7)
645 (89.0)
773 (88.0)
South Asian
15 (9.8)
53 (7.3)
68 (7.8)
10 (6.5)
27 (3.7)
37 (4.2)
Normal glucose tolerance
137 (89.6)
512 (70.6)
649 (73.9)
Isolated IFG
3 (2.0)
38 (5.2)
41 (4.7)
Isolated IGT
11 (7.2)
124 (17.1)
135 (15.4)
1 (0.7)
31 (4.3)
32 (3.6)
Type 2 diabetes mellitus
1 (0.7)
20 (2.8)
21 (2.4)
All (IGR)
16 (10.5)
214 (29.5)
230 (26.2)
Accelerometer variables (h/day)
Time accelerometer worn
14.5 ± 1.4
14.4 ± 1.4
14.4 ± 1.4
Sedentary time
10.3 ± 1.5
10.3 ± 1.5
10.3 ± 1.5
Light-intensity activity
3.5 ± 0.9
3.5 ± 0.9
3.5 ± 0.9
0.7 (0.4–0.9)
0.5 (0.3–0.9)
0.6 (0.3–0.9)
Accelerometer variables (percentage at each activity level)
Sedentary time
70.5 ± 7.6
71.5 ± 7.8
71.0 ± 8.0
Light-intensity activity
24.3 ± 6.5
24.3 ± 6.3
24.3 ± 6.4
4.7 (2.8–6.2)
3.7 (2.1–5.9)
3.9 (2.3–6.0)
Breaks per day
297 ± 68
273 ± 60
277 ± 62
Total physical activity counts (×1,000/day)
274 ± 109
253 ± 126
257 ± 123
Average steps per day
7,153 ± 2,954
6,993 ± 3,384
7,016 ± 3,313
Accelerometer wear time (Project STAND 14.5 ± 1.4 vs WA 14.4 ± 1.4 h/day) and sedentary time (10.3 ± 1.5 vs 10.3 ± 1.5 h/day) were similar between study cohorts. The younger Project STAND cohort spent a longer time engaged in MVPA (interquartile range; 0.7 [0.4–0.9] vs 0.5 [0.3–0.9] h/day).
Overall sedentary time showed a moderate inverse correlation with total physical activity (r = −0.34, p < 0.001) and MVPA (rs = −0.36, p < 0.001) and a small inverse correlation with breaks (r = −0.111, p = 0.001). MVPA had a small association with breaks (r = 0.23, p < 0.001) and was strongly correlated with total physical activity (r = 0.88, p < 0.001). Furthermore, total physical activity displayed a moderate correlation with the number of breaks (r = 0.31, p < 0.001)
Multiple linear regression models for sedentary time, total physical activity, MVPA and breaks in sedentary time with cardiometabolic variables
Sedentary time (<25 counts per 15 s) β (SE)a
p value
Total physical activity (cpm) β (SE)b
p value
MVPA (≥488 counts per 15 s) β (SE)b
p value
Breaks β (SE)c
p value
Model 1
2 h glucose (mmol/l)
0.238 (0.045)
−0.164 (0.035)
−0.121 (0.035)
−0.180 (0.038)
Waist circumference (cm)
0.250 (0.043)
−0.270 (0.032)
−0.270 (0.033)
−0.198 (0.037)
BMI (kg/m2)
0.210 (0.041)
−0.281 (0.051)
−0.241 (0.031)
−0.148 (0.035)
Triacylglycerol (mmol/l)
0.217 (0.045)
−0.173 (0.036)
−0.149 (0.036)
−0.150 (0.040)
Fasting glucose (mmol/l)
0.046 (0.045)
−0.068 (0.058)
−0.033 (0.036)
−0.024 (0.038)
Total:HDL cholesterol ratio
0.130 (0.043)
−0.126 (0.034)
−0.124 (0.034)
−0.114 (0.037)
HDL-cholesterol (mmol/l)
−0.187 (0.042)
0.160 (0.033)
0.150 (0.033)
0.130 (0.036)
HbA1c (%)
0.035 (0.050)
0.031 (0.035)
−0.034 (0.046)
−0.021 (0.038)
Model 2
2 h glucose (mmol/l)
0.235 (0.060)
−0.038 (0.073)
−0.033 (0.047)
−0.111 (0.055)
Waist circumference (cm)
0.091 (0.057)
−0.259 (0.070)
−0.228 (0.043)
−0.215 (0.051)
BMI (kg/m2)
0.054 (0.053)
−0.247 (0.055)
−0.215 (0.041)
−0.151 (0.049)
Triacylglycerol (mmol/l)
0.214 (0.062)
−0.067 (0.060)
−0.042 (0.048)
−0.046 (0.056)
Fasting glucose (mmol/l)
0.023 (0.062)
−0.040 (0.035)
−0.021 (0.048)
−0.011 (0.038)
Total:HDL cholesterol ratio
0.101 (0.058)
−0.085 (0.070)
−0.075 (0.045)
−0.075 (0.054)
HDL-cholesterol (mmol/l)
−0.137 (0.056)
0.120 (0.052)
0.083 (0.044)
0.071 (0.052)
HbA1c (%)
0.014 (0.051)
0.024 (0.056)
−0.013 (0.036)
−0.035 (0.056)
Model 3
2 h glucose (mmol/l)
0.220 (0.060)
−0.017 (0.057)
−0.019 (0.055)
−0.095 (0.056)
Triacylglycerol (mmol/l)
0.206 (0.061)
−0.021 (0.061)
−0.011 (0.050)
−0.019 (0.056)
Fasting glucose (mmol/l)
0.011 (0.063)
−0.023 (0.033)
−0.009 (0.047)
0.000 (0.050)
Total:HDL cholesterol ratio
0.090 (0.057)
−0.033 (0.055)
−0.037 (0.045)
−0.044 (0.053)
HDL-cholesterol (mmol/l)
−0.123 (0.056)
0.063 (0.052)
0.041 (0.043)
0.035 (0.051)
HbA1c (%)
0.008 (0.062)
0.064 (0.067)
−0.010 (0.046)
−0.022 (0.054)
Sedentary time
After adjustments for known confounders, including MVPA and BMI, sedentary time showed a detrimental association with 2 h glucose (β = 0.220 ± 0.060, p < 0.001), HDL-cholesterol (β = −0.123 ± 0.056, p = 0.029) and triacylglycerol (β = 0.206 ± 0.061, p = 0.001).
Total physical activity
Total physical activity was inversely associated with a multitude of cardiometabolic factors, including 2 h glucose (β = −0.164 ± 0.035, p < 0.001), waist circumference (β = −0.270 ± 0.032, p < 0.001), BMI (β = −0.281 ± 0.051, p < 0.001), triacylglycerol (β = −0.173 ± 0.036, p < 0.001), total:HDL cholesterol ratio (β = −0.126 ± 0.034, p < 0.001) and HDL-cholesterol (β = 0.160 ± 0.033, p < 0.001). Associations with biochemical factors were weakened after further adjustment for sedentary time, with only the association with HDL-cholesterol remaining significant. However, associations between total physical activity and measures of adiposity were largely unaffected by adjustment for sedentary time.
Time in MVPA was significantly inversely associated with 2 h glucose (β = −0.121 ± 0.035, p < 0.001), triacylglycerol (β = −0.149 ± 0.036, p < 0.001), total:HDL cholesterol ratio (β = −0.124 ± 0.034, p < 0.001), HDL-cholesterol (β = 0.150 ± 0.033, p < 0.001), BMI (β = −0.241 ± 0.031, p < 0.001) and waist circumference (β = −0.270 ± 0.033, p < 0.001). However, after adjustment for sedentary time, only BMI (β = −0.215 ± 0.041, p < 0.001) and waist circumference (β = −0.228 ± 0.043, p < 0.001) remained significant.
Breaks in sedentary time
Independent of known confounders (including sedentary time), breaks in sedentary time were significantly inversely associated with 2 h glucose (β = −0.111 ± 0.055, p = 0.046) waist circumference (β = −0.215 ± 0.051, p < 0.001) and BMI (β = −0.151 ± 0.049, p = 0.003). However, further adjustment for BMI attenuated the association with 2 h glucose.
All results reported above were unaffected if waist circumference rather than BMI was used in model 3.
Interaction analyses indicated a significant effect for study cohort, with the older cohort demonstrating greater associations of MVPA and total physical activity with BMI (p for interaction <0.001) and waist circumference (p for interaction <0.001). For breaks in sedentary time, the same pattern was observed, with the older cohort achieving a stronger association for waist circumference (p for interaction <0.001) and BMI (p for interaction <0.001). No other significant interactions were observed for the effect of study group. In addition, there were no significant interactions for sex in the results for sedentary time, total physical activity, MVPA or breaks.
The pattern of results and significance levels were unaffected if the data were analysed at 60 s epochs. However, standardised beta-coefficients were consistently around 10% lower, reflecting the less sensitive nature of the data for longer epochs (data available on request).
This study demonstrates that for individuals with known risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus recruited from primary care, sedentary time was detrimentally associated with 2 h glucose, triacylglycerol and HDL-cholesterol, independent of measured confounders. These results remained significant after further adjustment for measures of adiposity. Furthermore, the findings for biochemical factors were consistent across groups with diverse age ranges, providing evidence that the deleterious consequences of excess sedentary time exist across young to old adults. Interestingly, sedentary time was shown to have stronger associations with several important cardiometabolic markers (2 h glucose, triacylglycerol and HDL-cholesterol) compared with total physical activity and MVPA, after adjustment for each other and other important confounders. Associations of breaks in sedentary time with markers of health, independent of overall time spent sedentary and in MVPA, were less consistent, although beneficial associations were observed with measures of adiposity. To our knowledge, this is the first study to examine the effect of sedentary time and breaks on markers of cardiometabolic health in a primary care population with known risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Our study has multiple strengths. Most notably, it provides novel evidence in a high-risk population recruited through primary care using an objective measure of sedentary time, across a wide age range. Furthermore, all participants were from the same geographical location, with similar risk profiles, and measurements across both studies were performed by the same team of trained staff, following identical standard operating procedures. In addition, participants were rigorously phenotyped with traditional markers of cardiometabolic health using standardised biochemical procedures.
Limitations include the cross-sectional design, thus limiting inference about the direction of causality between the sedentary variables, physical activity and markers of cardiometabolic health; reverse causality remains a possibility. Despite allowing for more robust assessments of sedentary behaviour compared with self-report, accelerometers are not without limitations. For example, they rely on categorising movement (acceleration) strength, rather than directly distinguishing between sitting, lying and standing behaviours. Furthermore, they may underestimate overall physical activity as they are unable to accurately quantify certain non-step-based activities (e.g. cycling).
Our results extend those from other studies that have used both self-reported and objective measures of sedentary time and MVPA with cardiometabolic variables in the general population. Self-reported sedentary behaviour in the form of television viewing time has been positively associated with a multitude of cardiometabolic risk factors [6, 26, 27, 28], including 2 h glucose [26, 27]. Similarly, recent reviews also report that self-reported sedentary time is consistently associated with an increased risk of diabetes [9] and metabolic syndrome [29].
Several studies have examined the joint effect of sedentary behaviour and physical activity on health outcomes [5, 30, 31]. In contrast to our observations, most have concluded that physical activity is a stronger predictor of metabolic risk [30] and insulin resistance [31]. This discrepancy in findings may be due to differences in study populations, as our participants had several known risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus and were largely obese. Indeed, our results are consistent with previous findings in a similar population, showing that sedentary time has stronger associations with various markers of cardiometabolic health compared with MVPA [32]. This is particularly important as our population is representative of those who are likely to be identified as being at high risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus within routine care and referred on to available prevention programmes. As such, these studies provide preliminary evidence that sedentary behaviour may be a more effective paradigm to target in the prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus, rather than solely focusing on MVPA. Moreover, sedentary time occupies large portions of the day, unlike MVPA.
Despite a trend for higher levels of breaks to be associated with lower 2 h glucose levels, our study was not able to corroborate a previous finding that breaks in sedentary time were independently associated with glucose regulation and triacylglycerol [8]. This discrepancy may be partly explained by the fact that our participants spent longer in sedentary pursuits. Nevertheless, our findings are broadly consistent with other studies conducted in the general population and in those with type 2 diabetes that have shown no associations between breaks in sedentary time and measures of insulin resistance and lipid variables [4, 32]. However, as with the present study, strong associations between breaks in sedentary time and measures of adiposity were observed. Consequently, this study further suggests that breaks in sedentary time, rather than total sedentary time per se may be an important factor in the regulation of body weight. This is consistent with a small intervention study suggesting that regular variations in posture allocation may be an influential factor in the regulation of energy homeostasis [33].
The non-significant associations observed for FPG and HbA1c across all measures of sedentary behaviour and physical activity are consistent with previous research [4, 14, 34] and reflect the different pathophysiological process underlying 2 h and FPG regulation, with 2 h glucose largely influenced by peripheral insulin resistance [34, 35]. Our findings, therefore, highlight the importance of using 2 h glucose level as the primary outcome variable when assessing the impact of sedentary time on cardiometabolic risk.
Animal models have begun to elucidate the potential biological mechanisms that may underlie the relationship between sedentary behaviour and cardiometabolic risk. Previous laboratory work has identified that distinctive physiological pathways are activated with increased sedentary behaviour, particularly around the metabolism of lipoprotein lipase, which remains largely unaffected by MVPA [36]. Lipoprotein lipase is a key regulator of lipid metabolism and is causally linked to CVD [37]. In addition, sedentary behaviour may also reduce glucose transporter protein content, thus exacerbating insulin resistance [38]. Nevertheless, published experimental research in humans is largely lacking and the underlying mechanisms are likely to be multifarious.
In addition, there is a need to accumulate supplementary data from prospective studies and new evidence from human experimental work and intervention trials. To date, only one experimental study focused specifically on sedentary behaviour in middle-aged adults has been published. Nineteen overweight/obese adults showed large reductions in the area under the glucose and insulin curve when sitting time was regularly punctuated with short periods of both light and moderate intensity activity [39]. Surprisingly, there was no difference between the effect sizes found for the light or moderate intensity profiles. Although encouraging, the findings from this study need to be confirmed in different populations in order to establish a causal link between sedentary behaviour and cardiometabolic dysfunction.
In conclusion, the findings from this study may have important methodological and public health implications. This study provides novel objective evidence that, in individuals at high risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus, sedentary time may be a more important indicator of cardiometabolic health than MVPA. This may raise questions regarding the prescription of optimal daily human movement for health. As such, diabetes and cardiovascular prevention programmes concentrating solely on MVPA may overlook an area that is of fundamental importance to cardiometabolic health. Along with messages related to accumulating at least 150 min/week of MVPA, which form the cornerstone of diabetes prevention programmes [40], such interventions may be more effective if individuals are further encouraged to simply sit less and move more, regardless of the intensity level. This is an innovative approach that requires a paradigm shift, so that individuals think about the balance of sedentary behaviour and activity in all aspects of daily life. Nevertheless, given the limitations, this study should not be used to confirm a direct link between sitting time and metabolic health, but should act as a stimulus for tightly controlled experimental studies in different populations in order to influence future physical activity and sedentary behaviour interventions and public health initiatives aimed at disease prevention.
The research was supported by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leicester-Loughborough Diet, Lifestyle and Physical Activity Biomedical Research Unit based at the University Hospitals of Leicester, University of Leicester and Loughborough University and the NIHR Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care based at the University of Leicester. The views expressed are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the NHS, the NIHR or the UK Department of Health.
Project STAND is funded by the Medical Research Council and National Prevention Research Initiative funding partners (MRC Project no. 91409). The research was also partly funded by the NIHR Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care.
Duality of interest
The authors declare that there is no duality of interest associated with this manuscript.
Contribution statement
JH and TY had the original idea for the analysis. JH wrote the first draft of the article. JH, TY, SJHB, KK, EGW, MAN and MJD made substantial contributions to conception and design. JH and CLE carried out acquisition of data. JH, CLE and TG processed raw accelerometer files. JH, TY and LJG carried out analysis and interpretation of the data. All authors reviewed/edited the manuscript and gave final approval of the version to be published.


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I found these original sketches early this year. Why not sharing for the Cefiro A31 RWD enthusiast all over the world 😊 - Azwan, Malaysia
Monday, March 16, 2015
Saturday, September 6, 2014
Yokomo under drive gears
Posted by Azwan @ crabsteer at 9/06/2014 08:48:00 AM
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Labels: Yokomo
Thursday, April 17, 2014
Yokomo S13 street version body
This is my simplest, yet longest bodyshell to be ready. Just a street version, no big wings just plain street car image i would do if i own a S13. :)
I'm competing in this month Yokomo International Drift Meet: Mr. Bagi Special Round in Malaysia. Excited to meet Bagi and the current YIDM World Champion Takahiro Kawakami.
My team Gaijin Brothers will be there with purple S13, Onevia and 180sx. Apart from individual category, We also competing in the team tandem category, lack of practice together worries us a bit but we'll keep the fun parts ahead of everything. Here are some photos taken today. Sorry for the image quality, just an old iPhone 4s 😄
Thank you for viewing
fB: Kaleelasari Mohd Azwan
Posted by Azwan @ crabsteer at 4/17/2014 07:28:00 PM
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Labels: Bodyshell
Monday, March 24, 2014
Yokomo DPM Centre One-Way/solid for all gears!
I really love DPM 😄.
The only thing I haven't try is using gear diff and centre one way for DPM. Since Yokomo don't release it after more than a year released, I customised it for local events. The centre one-way is not legal for Yatabe Arena 😭 - Gaijin Brothers Spec 😈
Posted by Azwan @ crabsteer at 3/24/2014 01:22:00 PM
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Labels: Tuning
Sunday, March 23, 2014
New weight distributions: Yokomo DPM SPL version 2 for 2014 (twin servo)
F48:R52 ratio. Compare to top mount rear motor it was F58:R42 chassis ratio and was F60:R40 ratio 😂. I love DPM so much!
Posted by Azwan @ crabsteer at 3/23/2014 07:56:00 PM
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text:
Supporting the Work of Human Services through Technology
Altruit.com > Who We Are > AltruIT Team > Allen Watson
As an AltruIT Engineer, Allen gets to work with clients directly and also makes sure the "behind the scenes" technical components run smoothly. Allen assists clients with everything from password resets, hunting down lost files and printers, to troubleshooting complex technical issues. Other days, he spends time keeping the servers up and running and implementing new hardware and software to make room for future programs.
Allen began his career in sales for a well-known computer retailer, working his way up through the professional ranks. Anytime things slowed down, he took the time to increase his knowledge through education. Allen has experience in everything from retail to customer service/support and system building and integration. He joined AltruIT in 2006 and has loved being part of the team ever since because of the daily challenges that "keep him on his toes" and growing professionally with the support of committed, intelligent coworkers.
As much as he loves reading and playing around on the computer, Allen still enjoys "non-techy" pursuits such as rock climbing, white water rafting, snowboarding and skiing. His love for athletics once had him in the running for the rowing team that ended up going to the Barcelona Olympics although he wasn't able to attend the tryouts. Thankfully, he's been able to strike a balance between his job and his love for the outdoors.
All contents © copyright Aspiranet.org 1997-2017. All rights reserved.


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Join Date: Mar 2010
Location: Raleigh, NC
Posts: 130
My Ride: E46 M3, E70 X5M
FS: 2005 BMW 330ci ZHP - Silver on Black - 6 speed
For sale is my 2005 BMW 330ci with the ZHP performance package. The car is very clean in and out and has been dealer maintained its entire life. This is one of the best cars that BMW has ever built, I have owned several M3s', M5's, M6's and other high end German cars and this has the best overall package out of them all. Its quick, nimble, fun to drive, and still gets over 30 mpg on the highway.
Price: $14,999
The car has just about 96,000 miles on it, but it runs like new. The clutch feels great and the suspension is tight. Feel free to come check the car out in person, the exterior is very clean with only a small mark on the front and rear bumper as well as a small scratch on the passenger side. The brakes and tires were replaced recently and the car is ready to go for its new owner. Please contact me with any questions, thanks!
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text:
More whales
are visiting and migrating past South Africa's 3000 km coastline
annually and it follows that with the increase in their population
there are going to be more and more entanglements in fishing gear
such as rock lobster buoys and ropes and possibly the shark nets
on the east coast. The two species of whales mainly affected are
southern rights and humpbacks.
whales is highly dangerous and it was of concern in past years
when laymen went out to entangled whales, jumped into the water
with them, climbed on their backs etc to try and dislodge ropes
and netting without any proper training or specialised equipment.
In the USA, for example, getting into the water to try and disentangle
whales is not allowed, except in extreme situations and this is
the policy in South Africa as well. Disentanglements can only
be executed by experienced teams of volunteers, properly trained
and approved by the Department of Environment, using equipment
specifically designed for disentanglement.
DAPG is a founder member of SAWDN, which is run under the auspices of the Department of Environment - Oceans & Coasts. The Network works through an executive committee. A member of the rock lobster industry also serves on the executive committee. Mike Meyer, a marine scientist (Oceans & Coasts) is the Director of Operations & Training. Donations are channelled through the Dolphin Action & Protection Group and have been since 2006. DAPG together with other organisations has contributed large amounts of funding for equipment etc.. DAPG continues to do a fair amount of administrative work for the Network as well.
It appears that calves and sub-adult whales are more likely to become
entangled. Curiosity and lack of experience are possible factors
that are the cause of this. Around the South African coastline humpback
and southern right whales are the species that more often than not
become entangled.
Disentangling large whales is a highly dangerous operation. SAWDN
volunteers all carry high risk insurance and are trained. This is
no job for laymen. So far teams have had numbers of successes in
disentangling animals. Depending on weather, state of the sea and
distance from shore it is not always possible, without risking lives
to reach entangled whales, and if they are still swimming strongly
they disappear. Sometimes ropes, traps etc., anchor the whale to
the seabed. In such a case it makes the job of disentanglement a
little easier. From scarring photographed on some of the whales
seen around South Africa's coastline, it is obvious that some
animals have shed whatever had entangled them.
NSRI Station 10 SAWDN team disentangling whale in False Bay
Photo: Brenton Geach
Disentanglement of a whale is by no means the end of their problems.
According to Dr Bob Bowman - an American expert on whale disentanglement,
- disentanglement is only the first step in the recovery of an
entangled whale. Entangled whales sustain significant bruising
and even sometimes life threatening internal injuries that are
imperceptible without a necropsy. It is very difficult to determine
the extent and effect of injuries on entangled whales and they
are frequently surprised about which whales survive entanglement
trauma and which ones do not.
humpback whale that became entangled in fishing nets was freed
by members of the South African Whale Disentaglement Network (SAWDN)
of Cape Point
on 21 June 2011. Rescuers are seen here trying to cut the ropes
of the whale.
Picture by Chad Chapman
Mike Meyer (Oceans & Coasts) is Director of Operations and
training and with colleagues regularly trains new volunteers as
well as running refresher courses in various key areas around
the coast. All these areas now have trained volunteers ready to
go out to entangled whales at a moment's notice. It has
taken a great deal of time and effort to get this far and the
Oceans & Coasts team doing this need to be commended, as training
is done in their spare time. SAWDN is also fortunate to have the
use of National Sea Rescue Institute (NSRI) boats and volunteers
when needed and they are warmly thanked. Volunteers are not allowed
to disentangle whales in rough weather.
Human safety comes first. This is a condition laid down in SAWDN's
SAWDN continues to go well and its efficient operation has been
praised by overseas countries that have similar disentanglement
Session: Volunteers at Simon's Town Harbour
WARNING: Under Section 3(1) of the Marine Living Resources Act (1998), NO-ONE unless trained and appointed by the Department may render assistance to trapped or entangled whales. These amendments to the Act were gazetted in July 2008.
Further, it is mandatory that all volunteers carry high risk insurance.
SAWDN team from OCEANS & COASTS, Department Environment disentangling whales.Photos: Oceans & Coasts


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Personal Branding: The Science of The Web Celeb
This week I had the great privilege of speaking at this year's Web Developers Conference at the UWE exhibition and Conference Center in Bristol. It was a truly fantastic day, filled with interesting talks on a wide range of subjects. The day was aimed, in large part, at the student


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Art Faculty Exhibits
Congratulations to Bryan Hiott, adjunct instructor of art history, for his work in Regional Competition, which is on exhibit until Sept. 27. He was awarded First Place in the Annual Art Competition by the Spartanburg County Library, which was judged by Will South, chief curator of the Columbia Museum of Art.
Jane Nodine, professor of art, currently has two exhibits on display. Radiant is on exhibit until Sept. 20 in the Slocumb Galleries at East Tennessee State University in Johnson City, TN. Thermal Response is on exhibit until Oct. 20 at Riverworks Gallery in downtown Greenville at Greenville Technical College Galleries in Greer. A Gallery Lecture will be held on Thursday, Sept. 19 at 4:30 p.m. at the GTC Gallery.
Short Link:


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Green Tea
Long a staple of Eastern society, proponents tout multiple health benefits.Top Rated Diet Pills of 2017
A few decades ago, if you were to sip a cup of tea, it most likely would have been a Lipton tea bag sweetened with a sugar cube and maybe a splash of milk. But fast-forward a decade or two and countless research studies later where tea, particularly green tea, has been enjoying its time in the health spotlight.
Long known for its powerful health benefits in Japan and China, people from all over the world have been drinking green tea for thousands of year. Green tea is produced from the Camellia Sinensis plant, the same plant that produces black and oolong teas. What makes the green tea is its method of production: Fresh leaves from the Camellia Sinensis plant are steamed creating green tea leaves that can be brewed and consumed or extracted and used in capsules or beauty products.
This darling of the Camelia Sinensis plant is known for its key component epigallocatechin gallete, or EGCG. This antioxidant has been used to prevent and treat a variety of cancers, including breast, stomach, and skin cancers. Green tea and green tea extracts have also been used for improving mental alertness, aiding in weight loss, lowering cholesterol levels, and protecting skin from sun damage. There is not yet enough accurate data to determine whether green tea can assist in weight loss, lower blood cholesterol levels, or protect the skin from the damaging effects of the sun.
What science does know is that green tea is an excellent source of antioxidants, which are disease-fighting compounds that can help prevent a number of illnesses and conditions.
Do You Know the Best Diet Pills of 2017?
- Green tea is a powerful antioxidant
- Might be able to prevent certain cancers and diseases
- Increases mental alertness through its caffeine content
- Less caffeine than coffee
- Since it contains caffeine, might incite jitteriness, nausea or abdominal cramping
- Green tea contains small amounts of vitamin K, which can make anticoagulant drugs less effective
- Not recommended for children
Green tea contains about one third of the caffeine as coffee. A typical cup of green tea includes about 1 teaspoon dried green tea leaves to one six ounce cup of 180 F water. Generally, green tea is brewed for 2-3 minutes. The longer it brews, the more bitter the taste.
Green tea contains the highest levels of polyphenols, which are powerful antioxidants that help rid the body of free radicals. Free radicals that circulate in the body have been linked to heart disease, certain cancers and degenerative conditions because the damage the cell's DNA structure. Antioxidants, like polyphenols neutralize free radicals and prevent them from inflicting harm on the cell's structure.
An average cup of green tea contains between 50 to 150 mg polyphenols.CONTRAINDICATIONS
Even though green tea is a nutritional powerhouse, it should not be consumed by just anyone. Women who are pregnant or breastfeeding should not drink or take green tea in any form. Because of its caffeine component, individuals with anxiety disorders, heart problems, kidney disorders, stomach ulcers should also avoid green tea.
Additionally, there are many potentially dangerous drug interactions that can occur while consuming green tea. If you take certain antibiotics, aspirin, lithium, benzodiazepines, beta-blockers, blood thinners, chemotherapy medication, or oral contraceptives, talk to your doctor before you brew yourself a cup of green tea.
Even though green tea has shown limited success in aiding weight loss, there is no strong evidence to support the theory that drinking green tea will help you lose weight.CONCLUSION
Green tea has exploded in popularity in the West in the past years because of its health benefits, derived from antioxidants. From cancer to heart disease and possibly weight loss, the advantages of making a cup or two of green tea a daily part of your diet routine are numerous.
Even though there are many diet products on the market that include green tea extracts, there is no scientific evidence to suggest that green tea will make a marked difference in helping you lose those unwanted pounds. But studies are currently underway to test this hypothesis further and provide more comprehensive information on the role of green tea and diet.Common Misspellings
Grean tea, Green tee, GreenTea, tea 100, Green tea drink, green tee, green tea diet, green tea deit, green teas, oolong tea, diet teaHow Does Green Tea Compare?
- Product Name
- User Rating
- Has Good Appetite Suppressant
- Has Only Natural Components
- Contains No Coffee
- Sletrokor
(Editor's Choice)
- 94/100
- Brilliant Garcinia
- 93/100
- Contrave
- 78/100
- Xenical
- 75/100
- SlimQuick
- 68/100
- Green Tea
- /100
User Feedback(Page 1 of 1, 20 total comments)
While research has not proven green tea makes one lose weight, I agree that I have lost weight since I have been drinking green tea, and it definitely keeps me from wanting a lot of junk food.
If you've never tried green tea before, don't stray too far from the restroom. It will clean out your system. You will lose weight if you're switching to green tea and cutting down on your soda intake.
I want to try this product for trial if it is good weight loose then i will buy.
I had a baby 9 months ago. Before I got pregnant I weighed 160. After having my baby I worked out everyday for 15 minutes. A couple monthes later i realized it wasnt helping anything I still weighed 155. Now I drink 8 glasses of green tea before and after each meal. I also work out 15 minutes 3 times a week and now weigh 135 I LOVE. Ive never weighed less then 150.
I have been drinking Green Tea for about 2 months or so. I have lost a total of 20lbs in about 3 months Not sure if it helped me lose weight but what it did help was control my appetite and when that was controlled making better choices to eat healthy food was easy. I walk every morning about a mile, I have noticed that since i have decreased drinking the Green Tea i am hunger more frequent.
Agreed, Green tea is very good for health reasons. I am not sure if it helps in reducing wieght just by itself. it may be that because we are drinking this, we skipped eating/drinking unhealthy foods (chips, soda..etc).
You can switch up the taste a bit by sticking a litre of green tea in the fridge and adding a few ice cubes! Or add a little lemon juice for some zest! Sometimes I even mix green tea with other herbal teas! It only tastes boring if you drink it the same way every time ;) Experiment! I am Green Tea's number one fan.
Yes, Agree with 2Cent. Just started as a regime drink and my diastolic has gone down from 9.2 to 8.0. My son, a Dr. cautioned me and asked not to make abuse. However, i intend to take at least 3 cups. Hold on - i never took any medicine for HBP. Take care ... all of you
i jus started drinkin it like 2 wks ago i heard of it before but i never believe an didnt care to try it but finally decided to give it a try an i lost about 4 lbs. so far well see if it keeps workin i havent even begun the exercise part yet! i like it so far
Im currently on day 2 of this diet now, Its going ok, but jesus it tastes so boring.
i love green tea. i swapped my many cups of coffee for green tea, i have lost weight but im guessing its cos im not taking coffee whitner now. i feel more alert and my skin looks bright . also its very refreshing and i dont seem to need biscuits with it so there again may be a reason im loosing weight. but on a WHOLE id recommend it to anyone.
Yeah.. it is very good to have green tea.. what is the diet.. just have green tea(Drink instead of the capsules) ..
Bottom line... green tea is good for you... but why not make green tea yourself... check the link after the jump...
it's awesome...
it seems to be a good idea to drink instead of reaching for a soda or coffee...and if you can't stand drinking straight water every day. I have a ton more energy, have noticed some weight change (though I just switched from drinking regular tea to green tea), and enjoy it a lot.
when i starting drink green tea i observed its feel me better specialy on my wieght.u can try it and see the benifits on your health...
if ur switching to luttle or no soda.. Yes u will lose a whole lot of weight. I have. Additionally, my skin and fresh bright and feels rejuvenated. Again, it's the water. I've replaced 8 cups of water for 8 cups of green tea. But only use 2 bags of tea to keep from having too much. U will never no if side effects exist or not. Afterall testing is just beginning. Better safe than sorry
Green Tea is Great and i have Lost a Lot of weight because i switched from Soda to tea... do it and you will see too!!!
i drink green tea, basically it just generally makes you feel GOOD. your mood, your health and it gives you some weight loss.
Green tea is good for you, but it seems like you have to drink so much to see the benefits
Featured Diets and Supplements
Related Diets: GreenTea500, Hoodia, Thermo Green Tea Caps, Wu-Yi Tea, Wulong Tea
Green Tea?


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Snyder's of Hanover Launches New Flavors of Gluten Free Pretzels
Posted on January 28, 2014
Snyder's of Hanover has expanded its line of gluten-free flavors. The two new flavors are Honey Mustard & Onion and Hot Buffalo Wing. The pretzels are dairy free, casein free and egg free. They cost about $3.69 for an 8-oz package.
Bob Gould, Marketing Manager for Snyder's of Hanover, says in a statement, "Consumers seeking gluten-free snacks do not want to give up flavor. By offering our two most popular pretzel flavors in a gluten-free variety, we're able to provide expanded options for shoppers looking to remove the gluten in their daily diets."
Photo: Snyder's of Hanover
More from Shoppers Shop


text:
The repercussions that follow a bit of "biff" on the sports field can be serious and even life threatening. If you're heading to the AFL this weekend you're bound to see a clash or two that will make the crowd cringe.
Let's hope that it doesn't involve recalled Adelaide Crows forward Kurt Tippett, who suffered three concussions in five weeks earlier this season.
3,000 people are hospitalized from sport concussions every year which has sparked the national theme of Mild Concussion for Brain Injury Awareness Week.
Angus Randall spoke to the Executive Officer for the Brain Injury Network of SA, Mariann McNamara, about the impacts of concussion in our most loved sports.
Producer: Angus Randall


text: #1) The wizards have stated that they're going to be looking to trade their top pick unless its in the top two - it "should" be the third. They have also stated that they are going to be keeping their "big three" together - Arenas-PG, Jamison-PF and Butler-SG. So, they're going to be looking to upgrade at shooting guard or center. How about Rip Hamilton and the #15!? It seems like a bit of a stretch, but remember, Ray Allen was traded for the #5 overall pick a couple of seasons ago...at about the same age and talent level. Take Hasheem Thabeet there and we've got the next Dikembe Mutumbo. That's a great start! #2) Forget about Carlos Boozer, Ben Gordon, etc...let's go after real stars. Kobe Bryant this summer, LeBron James, Dwayne Wade, Chris Bosh, Joe Johnson, Amare Stoudemire next summer. The Hamilton trade's going to give us enough cap space to bring in two max contracts. Kobe's not coming here...LeBron's no coming here...Dwayne's not coming here...but we've got a real shot at the others. C: H. Thabeet PF: C. Bosh SF: T. Prince SG: J. Johnson PG: R. Stuckey Bench: 2010 1st rd. pick (should be high), Maxiel, Sharpe?, Afflalo, Bynum, etc. Now that's a team!


text:
Adams State University
tenure track position
Position Number: FN0502
Adams State University invites applications for a full-time tenure-track position in nursing.
August 15, 2013
We seek an energetic, enthusiastic, and broadly trained nurse who loves teaching and shares our dedication to excellence. Major responsibilities include:
- Teach up to 12 credit hours per fall and spring semesters.
- Advise students in nursing degree requirements.
- Design and implement theoretical, clinical or laboratory instruction plus evaluate and revise course curriculum.
- Evaluate student achievement of course objectives related to nursing knowledge and practice.
- Participate in development, implementation, evaluation, & revision of Nursing Education Program.
- Provide oversight and evaluation of Associate Nursing Instructional Personnel.
- Participate in development, evaluation, and revision of student policies.
- Participate in college and departmental services.
Final course assignments will depend upon department needs as well as the preferences of the successful candidate. We are primarily an institution focused on teaching excellence, and the teaching load is comprised of 12 credit-hours each semester. Adams State University currently offers a Bachelor of Science in Nursing degree in two program tracks: 1) Traditional Four Year BSN Program, and 2) RN to BSN Completion Program. Housed on our campus is a state-of-the-art nursing simulation laboratory.
Minimum qualifications at the time of appointment must include the following:
- Master's degree in nursing. PhD or DNP preferred.
- Two years of full-time professional nursing clinical experience.
- Two years of full-time teaching experience in a nursing program or equivalent experience preferred.
- Hold a current license in good standing to practice as a Registered Nurse in Colorado, or be eligible to obtain a Colorado Registered Nurse license.
Preference will be given to those who:
- demonstrate experience and a strong commitment to undergraduate teaching and student-centered learning;
- have excellent communication and interpersonal skills;
- demonstrate experience or interest in undergraduate research;
- demonstrate the ability to work effectively as a team member;
- show potential for continued scholarly growth.
- Salary will commensurate with experience. Adams State University offers a competitive benefits package.
Located in Alamosa, Adams State University is a state-supported, primarily undergraduate institution in the San Luis Valley, a rural and agricultural area of south-central Colorado, approximately 3.5 hours from both Denver and Albuquerque and 2.5 hours from Santa Fe, NM. The college is designated as a Hispanic Serving Institution and as a regional education provider. Additional information about the university and the department may be found at http://www.adams.edu/ and http://www.adams.edu/academics/nursing. Information about the community and surrounding area can be found at http://www.alamosa.org/.
Applicants should send a detailed letter of application addressing their teaching interests, teaching philosophy and goals as well as professional interests and goals. In their application letter, applicants should also indicate how teaching at Adams State University, a small college in a rural environment, will align with their goals. A complete application will also include a curriculum vitae, copies of undergraduate and graduate transcripts (unofficial copies are acceptable), a copy of your nursing license, a list of five professional references, and three current letters of recommendation (at least two letters must address teaching experience).
Send materials to :
Dr. Amanda Jojola
Adams State University
Nursing Department
208 Edgemont Blvd., Suite 2250
Alamosa, CO 81101
Phone: (719) 587-8134
E-mail: email@example.com
Review of completed application will begin immediately and continue until the position has been filled. Receipt of applications will be acknowledged by a letter.
An Affirmative Action/Equal Opportunity Employer
Adams State University is particularly interested in applications from women and minorities. In compliance with the Immigration Control Act of 1986, candidates for positions must provide proof of eligibility to work before an offer of employment can be made final. Adams State University is an Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action employer. Applications are sought from all qualified persons regardless of race, color, sex, disability and, as covered by law, veteran status. In addition, college policies prohibit discrimination on the basis of religion, national origin, ancestry, age, sexual orientation, marital status, and parental status.
Adams State University and the Nursing Department is dedicated to providing a safe and secure environment for our faculty, staff, students, visitors, and clinical patients. To assist in achieving that goal, prior to employment, we conduct background checks on persons offered positions as described in the background check policy.


text:
MGH Hotline for Friday, February 8, 2013
It's all in the genes: Identical twins fight high cholesterolIdentical twins control FH, an inherited lipid disorder, thanks to apheresis treatments at the MGH - the only site in Massachusetts to offer the treatments for adults.
Antidepressants and the effects on heart rhythmsRoy Perlis, MD, MSc, director of the MGH Psychiatry Center for Experimental Drugs and Diagnostics, explains a recent study published in the journal BMJ that he led and outlines what it means for people who take antidepressant medications.
MGH celebrates Black History MonthThe MGH Patient Care Services and the Partners Diversity Supplier Program hosts its annual Black History Month event.
New workout equipment unveiledThe Clubs at Charles River Park has introduced the latest addition to its health club – the PurMotion FTS 200.
Going red for heart healthThe MGH teamed up with the AHA's Go Red for Women campaign to present a series of heart health events in recognition of February as American Heart Month.
Students explore health and science career optionsMaking the students feel at ease in a large teaching hospital was the job of more than 75 MGH volunteers who hosted 100 students throughout the campus on Feb. 1 as part of the annual MGH Job Shadow Day, sponsored by the Center for Community Health Improvement.
MGHfC gets a Halloween treatSpirit Halloween SuperStores representatives Dan Mathis and Michael Cutting presented the MassGeneral Hospital for Children (MGHfC) Child Life Department with a check for $33,840 on Feb. 5.
Download this issue (PDF) Search the Hotline archive


text: SUNNYVALE, Calif., Dec. 6, 2011 /PRNewswire/ -- SK Planet, a wholly owned subsidiary of Korea-based SK Telecom (NYSE: SKM, KSE: 017670), today launched Sundew, a dynamic social question-and-answer service based on your trusted friend network. The app, which is available for Android and iOS, lets users pose a question to selected people in their contact list to get honest, fast and reliable answers immediately. Not satisfied with the response? Then cast the question to the Sundew community with a public query. (Logo: http://photos.prnewswire.com/prnh/20111206/SF18150) Sundew is designed to tap the sources you trust to help make a decision, get local tips or simply network. Sundew also lets you give back by answering other people's questions and be part of open-ended discussions. Studies show that consumers overwhelmingly trust the opinions of friends and family over any others and Sundew gives them an easy way to get a quick answer from those closest to them. For instance, one study found 65 percent of consumers trust friends' product recommendations most compared to only 27 percent who prefer the advice of experts. Sundew enables users to ask or forward questions to their contact list or to their friends' contacts to get unbiased opinions, suggestions and answers all within a trusted network, and have an unlimited around of lifetimes to ask questions. Once a question is posted, it will not be removed until it gets answered. Users can ask, answer or forward questions to anyone, anywhere in the world. In an extensive beta test, SK Planet found that users asked about 1,100 questions – mostly about food and dining – and offered about 4,200 answers. The users on average had 359 in their contact lists. Pricing and AvailabilitySundew is a free Android and iOS app available for immediate download at the respective app stores. For Sundew updates Like us at our Facebook page. About SK PlanetSK Planet, a wholly owned subsidiary of SK Telecom, was established in October 1, 2011 with an aspiration to become a global platform innovator. As the lynchpin of SK Telecom's future growth, the company was spun off with the industry-leading platform businesses including T-Store, T-map, MelOn, Cyworld and hoppin, Korea's biggest mobile app store, mobile navigation, online music service, SNS and multi-screen premium video service. SK Planet is committed to building global platform business in Asia and other strategic markets. For more information, please visit www.skplanet.co.kr. About SK TelecomSK Telecom (NYSE: SKM, KSE: 017670) is Korea's leading telecommunications provider with more than 26 million subscribers, which accounts for more than 50% of the total market. The company, established in 1984, reached KRW 12.46 trillion in revenue in 2010. SK Telecom was the first to launch and commercialize CDMA, CDMA 2000 1x, CDMA EV-DO and HSDPA networks, and it currently provides cellular, wireless internet, mobile media, global roaming service and more. For more information, please visit www.sktelecom.com. All trademarks and product names are the property of their respective companies.


text:
Feb. 23, 2012
LEXINGTON, Ky. -- University of Michigan volleyball assistant coach Erin Virtue was honored with the 30 Under 30 Award by the American Volleyball Coaches Association (AVCA) on Thursday (Feb. 23), marking the third consecutive season she has been recognized.
"This is a great honor for Erin," head coach Mark Rosen said. "It truly shows how great she is at what she does, both on the court and in recruiting. There are a lot of good, young coaches out there, and for her to get this award three years in a rows says a lot of about her. We are proud of her and are so happy that she is part of the Michigan volleyball family."
Virtue, who also won the award in 2010 and 2011 while coaching at the University of Cincinnati, recently completed her first season with the Wolverines this past fall, helping U-M go 22-13 and reach the Sweet 16 in the NCAA Tournament. She serves as recruiting coordinator and is responsible for coaching Michigan's setters.
This past season, Virtue mentored freshman setter Lexi Dannemiller (West Chester, Ohio/Lakota West) to All-Big Ten freshman team honors after she started all 35 matches, handing out 11.63 assists per set and recording 2.42 digs per frame en route. Her total of 1,523 assists was second in the Big Ten and ranks fourth on the single-season list at Michigan.
The award was started in 2009 to honor up-and-coming coaching talent at all levels of the sport. To qualify for the award, nominees had to be 30 years old or younger in 2011. Of the 30 recipients, 19 are head coaches and 11 are assistant coaches. Ten are NCAA Division I women's coaches, four coach NAIA squads, four are in NCAA Division III, and another four for high school. There are also three NCAA Division II recipients along with three club coaches and two two-year college coaches.
Virtue is one of three three-time honorees this year, joining Northern Illinois' Coley Pawlikowski (2009, '11) and Syracuse's Kelly Morrisroe (2009, '10).
Contact: Sarah VanMetre (734) 763-4423
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