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Corporate Team Gillier Humanity
Bruno Gillier Executive Chairman and CEO (Sydney, Australia)
Bruno Gillier is the Executive Chairman and CEO of DIPLOMATIC GROUP and CAPITAL MERCHANT LIMITED and works directly with investors, buyers, sellers, traders and bankers. He is also a Director as well as Executive Chairman and CEO of Gillier Group, Gillier Humanity and Celestial Humanity; the last two help fund Humanitarian Projects around the world. The companies have divisions in the following areas: Currencies, Commodities, Development, Construction, Luxury Hotels, Hospitality, Marketing, Travel, and Humanitarian Projects.The Gillier Family has been in the global Hospitality and Travel industry for three generations. Bruno has close personal ties to the areas he supports; he was born in Tahiti, lived in Fiji, and has traveled extensively in Thailand and the Philippines. The Gilliers have opened luxury hotels in Singapore (Le Meridien), Tahiti, New Caledonia, Luxembourg and Nice. Bruno has worked in virtually every capacity in the International Hospitality industry, including customer service, elite catering and executive management. He was Executive Chef of several top hotels and his restaurants have won a number of Gold and International Plate Awards. He was involved in the opening for the 5-Star Burswood Hotel and received Hilton Fine Dining awards as well. Brunos stellar reputation in the International Hospitality industry and the number of high level contacts he has made throughout the years facilitated his branching out into commodities and currencies. Bruno created his commodities and currencies division in 2007 in response to his international clients requests for a reliable source of currencies and gold bullion. He uses part of the profits from these transactions to help fund his Humanitarian Projects.
Barry Toomey QC Legal Counsel and Director (Sydney, Australia)
Barry Toomey QC has been practicing law in Sydney, Australia for over 46 years; he was granted the prestigious honor of Queens Counsel (QC) 33 years ago. Barry is Head of Chambers of the renowned Jack Shand Chambers in Sydney, which is comprised of 3 Queens Counsel, 5 Senior Counsel and 25 Junior Barristers. His areas of practice include international law, commercial law, appellate law, common law, Commissions of Inquiry, criminal law and police law. As a top barrister, his cases have helped establish the law in Australia. He has been the counsel assisting a number of Royal Commissions and Special Commissions of Inquiry and has been lead counsel for the New South Wales Independent Commission Against Corruption in several of its major investigations. Barry has served 12 terms as a member of the New South Wales Bar Council, the governing body of Barristers in the State, and has been chairman of several of the councils Ethics Committees. He was majority owner of a leading Sydney hotel for 26 years.
Carolee Langhorne Director of Operations (Cincinnati, USA)
Carolee Langhorne is Managing Director of Global Commodity Source LLC as well as Director of Global Operations for the Diplomatic Group family of companies. Her strong business background includes a Masters of Business Administration (MBA) in Marketing from Miami University (Oxford Ohio USA) as well as earning a Six Sigma (Corporate Quality and Cost Reduction Initiative) Black Belt classification from General Electric. She brings extensive experience in Operations, Project Management, Marketing and Communications from over 25 years of experience with the world headquarters of General Electric Aviation, Procter & Gamble and Cincinnati Bell Telephone / AT&T. Carolee worked directly for three mandates for gold sellers and has been Brunos North American liaison since 2008.
Betty Patalis Gillier- Director of Interior Design (Sydney, Australia)
Betty and her team are trained in hospitality business designs where the goal is to create the look and feel desired by the hotels with cost effective, easy to maintain materials and furnishings. Betty understands the importance of budgetary demands, cost control, critical delivery schedules and on-going maintenance requirements. With over 11 years of experience in the industry, she will work quickly and efficiently to stay within the hotels budget and meet the deadlines. Betty suggests the most appropriate alternatives to accentuate the hotels design. She works with many qualified manufacturers who have excellent custom production capabilities, and she will create an outstanding, signature look.
Chantelle Gillier Marketing Director and Operations (Nadi, Fiji)
With a background in Call Centers and corporate marketing companies, Chantelle started off in the Operations department and progressed rapidly through the Sales and Marketing Industry, where she specialized in Training, Recruiting and Customer Account Management. Chantelle has been involved with a variety of different products, ranging from finance, marketing, hotel development, telecommunications, holiday packages, IT products, door to door marketing, and corporate business development. Chantelle has traveled throughout Southeast Asia, the United Arab Emirates and Australia to train at inbound and outbound call centers specializing in high return products.
Mahesh Perera Director of Finance and Humanitarian Projects (Colombo, Sri Lanka)
Mahesh is the Director of Finance and Humanitarian Projects for Diplomatic Group and Gillier Humanity and has over 18 years experience as a Financial Planner. He specializes in all classes of investment and financial services advice for high net worth individuals and large companies. He is an ASX (Australian Stock Exchange) Accredited Adviser. He will develop humanitarian projects in the area of Sri Lanka and other Asian countries where he has close ties. Mahesh is helping Diplomatic Group in bringing long term Corporate Business, currencies and other commodity owners to Diplomatic Groups platform structure of investors (buyers and traders). He works with our compliance officer and team on due diligence and then presents it to the corporate board for approval to move the transaction to the platform.
Mark Wessel Director of Humanitarian Projects (Panama City, Panama)
Mark Wessel was given the title of Honorary Roving Ambassador by General Lorin Rosier, UN Security Council for the Pure Heart Foundation. Mark holds a B.A. in International Business Administration from Florida State University, with post graduate studies at Louisiana State University. He has over 30 years of successful experience in international business development having taken four companies global. Mark is a self-starter and leader with a passion for people, cultures and services. He is fluent in English, Spanish and German, and semi-fluent in French and Brazilian Portuguese. Mark specializes in starting new businesses, joint ventures, and expansion into international markets. Mark is an expert senior lobbyist for both the private and public sectors and has a history of success in closing international sales with several heads of state and leaders of industries globally. Mark has over 5 years in the field of banking and finance globally, working with agencies like the IMF, World Bank and U.S. Federal Reserve.
Christopher Fraser Director of Humanitarian Projects (Malaga, Spain)
Chris has over 25 years of experience in the global commercial real estate industry and is mandate for an Ambassador to the United Nations. He recently relocated from Thailand back to Spain, where he followed his dream to make a difference in the lives of disadvantaged and orphaned children. Recently diagnosed with diabetes, Chris is working closely with Dr. David Scharp, who is a renowned researcher and physician devoted to the cure of diabetes. Chris plans to raise money to allow Dr. Scharp to move this research to clinical trials. Chris has been nominated for a UN Ambassadorship.
Mohammed El Sayed Director of Humanitarian Projects (Cairo, Egypt)
Mohammed is a Civil Engineer with 18 years experience in the general construction field, specializing in landscaping and theming works. He is currently the General Manager of COST Middle East Contracting LLC, which is the Middle East branch of the US-based COST of Wisconsin, the leader in Design & Build theming projects with 50 years experience in the field. Mohammed has extensive experience in the management of real estate development operations, specifically with unique waterfront projects in the UAE.
Ashish Varma Director of Humanitarian Projects (Galway, Ireland)
Ashish Varma earned a Doctorate in Polymer Engineering and holds over 20 patents for a variety of cardiovascular medical devices. He is currently the Managing Director of Yellowstone Investments Ltd. and has an extensive international network of clients in a wide range of business areas. A long-time citizen of Ireland, Ashish was born in India and has traveled extensively around the world including Antarctica, Africa, South America and North America. He and his wife are combining their shared passion for music, photography, nature and personal development into programs for disadvantaged children in Ireland as well as developing housing for homeless families in South America.
Derrick Brown- Director of Humanitarian Projects (Johannesburg, South Africa)
Derrick graduated from the University of Oxford Brookes (Oxford, England) and has a strong background in Marketing, including physical distribution, brand management and sales. He is a Quantities Surveyor and has extensive experience in property development and the hospitality / food service industry. He started a freight brokerage company and previously was National Brand / Marketing Manager for Pioneer Foods Pty Ltd, one of South Africas largest food and beverage production and distribution companies.
Tomeo Rdm-Gressard Nakamura Director of Humanitarian Projects (Tokyo, Japan)
With extensive contacts in the hospitality and real estate industries, Tomeo spent the last 15 years building up solid networks in The United Arab Emirates, Japan, South Korea, China and the Pacific Rim. He founded ARABIA BUSINESS CLUB, a business and social club, under his Japanese institution Nakamura BS Ltd. and he deals with commodities, finance, art, real estate and high-end hospitality developments.
Olga M. Araya Director of Humanitarian Projects (OL, Jaco Beach, Costa Rica)
Olga is a native Costa Rican who graduated as a Computer Software and Hardware Engineer. She started her professional career in the high tech industry working for Intel; she later moved to the Dominican Republic to run the Logistic and Administrative Division of a manufacturing complex in a Santiago Fee Zone. Her responsibilities included hiring and training personnel and providing logistical support to the other divisions in Mexico, Guatemala and Los Angeles. She started her real estate career in California. Her dedication to providing superior customer service to all her prospects has created an ever growing network of satisfied clients. Olga is a specialist in luxury real estate properties in Costa Rica as well as commercial properties and land for development.
Ana Lucia Director of Humanitarian Projects (Bogota, Colombia)
Olga is a native Costa Rican who graduated as a Computer Software and Hardware Engineer. She started her professional career in the high tech industry working for Intel; she later moved to the Dominican Republic to run the Logistic and Administrative Division of a manufacturing complex in a Santiago Fee Zone. Her responsibilities included hiring and training personnel and providing logistical support to the other divisions in Mexico, Guatemala and Los Angeles. She started her real estate career in California. Her dedication to providing superior customer service to all her prospects has created an ever growing network of satisfied clients. Olga is a specialist in luxury real estate properties in Costa Rica as well as commercial properties and land for development.
Ana Lucia Director of Humanitarian Projects (Bogota, Colombia)
Speaking fluent English and Spanish, Ana Lucia is the point of contact for Colombia, with access to some of the countrys most iconic buildings and a wide range of high yielding commercial opportunities. Her links with Colombias leading developers ensure that the Gillier Group is at the forefront of any new commercial or residential property launches throughout the country, which is rapidly becoming one of the worlds brightest emerging property markets. Ana is able to deliver many of her countrys finest property investment opportunities to clients worldwide.
Duc Pham Director of Humanitarian Projects (Cambodia and Vietnam)
Duc Pham graduated from the University of Sacramento, California, United States, with a degree in Electrical Engineering. He is the founder and CEO of Maxmillian Investment Holdings Ltd, which has offices in Cambodia. Duc has had additional business activities over the past 12 years in the following areas: financial resources, hydroelectric, Au bullion, equity trading, commodity trading, currency trading and currency exchange. Duc is dedicated to developing large scale infrastructure-related projects globally and plans to play a major role in supporting humanitarian projects in Cambodia and Vietnam.
Jose Salvador Alves Martins Paula Director of Humanitarian Projects (São Paulo, Brazil)
Born in Portugal, Martins lived in Angola, Africa for 19 years, and now lives in São Paulo. Martins has a degree from Catholic University in Political Science, Portuguese Language and Social Communication, and is currently Director of Communication for the Journalists Association of the State of São Paulo. He helps young people with professional career counseling and drug abuse counseling, and is involved with humanitarian efforts after natural disasters. Martins enjoys various types of sports and literature.
Dinah Celia Bueno Da Silva Director of Humanitarian Projects (São Paulo, Brazil)
Dinah is a sculptor and Visual Artist who works on various artistic projects for humanitarian concerns, including creating sculptures for humanitarian awards. She is very involved with social projects such as providing care for the elderly, where families adopt a senior citizen and are responsible for their care and have them become part of the family. She is also involved with a similar project for orphanages. Dinah and her children worked on projects that won the Social Itaú prize several times, which is promoted by Banco Itaú. Their projects provided family assistance and social assistance to needy people and helped children become good citizens.
Demetrio Rocha Lyrio Director of Humanitarian Projects (West Palm Beach, USA)
Born in Brazil, Demetrio graduated from the University of Vila Velha with a degree in business. He immigrated to the United States in 1985 and attended the University of San Diego. Demetrio currently lives in West Palm Beach Florida and is the manager of the public transit authority. He is fluent in Portuguese and English, and has many business contacts who own Brazilian bonds. Demetrio enjoys humanitarian work along with soccer and fishing. He is very involved with epilepsy research and hopes to spread awareness of the disease through the foundation.
Arnold Picar Director of Humanitarian Projects (Manila, The Philippines)
Arnold (Al) Picar has a Bachelors Degree in Aeronautical Engineering and works for Pacific Global One Aviation Company as the Operations and Administration Head. Concurrently, he is a part-owner and Managing Director of Blue Mountain Mineral Resources Corporation. Al has had additional business activities over the past 7 years in the following areas: Au bullion, real estate development, bond monetization, and various humanitarian development projects. Al plans to concentrate on humanitarian projects in the Philippines.
Guillermo Castillo Director of Humanitarian Projects (Nicaragua and El Salvador)
Guillermo Castillo is the CEO of Don Bosco Corp, a family group with more than 45 years of doing business in various fields such as legal, accounting, the funeral industry, Real Estate, advertising and commodities, in Miami and Central America. He is also the former CEO of a humanitarian project called La Chureca, which had the financial support of the Holy Cross Hospital in Ft. Lauderdale. He helped build a medical centre to provide a better way of life for the children near a garbage collection area in Nicaragua. Guillermo is ready to continue supporting humanitarian projects for the countries of Nicaragua and El Salvador.
Eva L. Mejia Director of Humanitarian Projects (Nicaragua, Central America)
A native of Managua, Nicaragua, Eva studied tourism and languages at Delgado Junior College in New Orleans, Louisiana, and is fluent in English and Spanish. Eva has over 20 years of airline operations and personnel expertise and has been consistently recognized for improving operational procedures for several airlines. Eva is the owner of KLIFT EM LLC, which focuses on commodities, financing and investment, and is based in Miami, Florida. She also holds a Real Estate license and works in the South Florida luxury Real Estate market. Eva is very close to the Albir Family from Nicaragua, who founded
Praise! Our Songs and Hymns: New International Version Responsive Readings
, a non-profit organization whose goal is to provide cancer treatment to poor children in Nicaragua. Eva will join forces with the Albir Family to help their foundation.
Dr. Mark L. Born Director of Humanitarian Projects (Bangkok, Thailand)
Dr. Mark L. Born is an Intake and Compliance Officer for a major Western European Private Placement Platform, which is where he became involved with Humanitarian Project Funding, which is a principal component of Private Placement. Dr. Born received his undergraduate degree from UCLA, followed by a Masters degree and a Ph.D. from the University of London, Kings College. With a legal background as well as a musical one, Dr. Born worked at one of the largest legal firms in the world for eight years before starting his own publishing company in Los Angeles. Later he turned his attention to economics and finance and has lived in Thailand for the past twelve years, where he plans to continue his humanitarian efforts.
Dr. Moses Onciu (Belgrade, Serbia)
As an ordained Bishop and CEO of David and Goliath International Ministries and Hope Ministries, Dr. Moses Onciu has multiple active ministry and humanitarian aid projects in Eastern Europe, South America, Asia, West Africa and India. The various projects are in the following areas: orphanages, education, medical, agricultural development, water well projects, water contamination remediation and alternative energy systems. In the private sector, Dr. Onciu owns and operates Sterling Crest International, an international business and financial services consulting group specializing in International Banking, Finance, Asset Enhancement / Protection and Historical Bond validation / redemption procedures. He is also the CEO of Allied Petroleum LLC, an international petroleum sector consultancy. Dr. Onciu has developed close personal ties to many high level contacts throughout the humanitarian and business sectors worldwide. His expertise is highly sought after as an international business and motivational speaker, in both corporate and humanitarian circles, and he is recognized as an industry leader in many types of project development.
Garnet M. Profit, CCIM (Vancouver, Canada)
Garnet Profit has an extensive development and business background including retail, hospitality management, real estate development, investment sales, leasing, marketing and consulting. Garnet received his Certified Commercial Investment Member (CCIM) designation in 1989. He managed a full service hotel, ran a furniture company, operated a real estate company and a marketing company as well as getting into the development business. As the owner of several development companies, he gained substantial experience specializing in all areas of commercial real estate from conception, site selection, land acquisition and assembly, rezoning, financing, construction, use conversion, leasing and disposition. In recent years, Garnet has worked both in the commercial real estate and consulting fields doing risk analysis for individuals and companies.
Oscar C. Sanchez (Manila, the Philippines)
Oscar Sanchez is an exclusive mandate and trustee for one of the largest gold holders in the world, with accounts in many top international banks. Concurrently, he is also the Chairman of a charitable foundation in The Philippines. In addition, Oscar also has an extensive network of sources for raw gold bullion and bars from many areas in the Philippines. Oscar is an invaluable partner of the Gillier Humanity Foundation in the Asian region.
Irina Voit (Moscow, Russia)
Irina Voit has a Masters degree in Linguistics and is fluent in Russian, English, French and Italian. Born in Russia, Irina has lived in the south of France and northern Italy as well, and has developed humanitarian, real estate and hospitality projects for European and Russian companies. She is involved with market research, strategic planning, and information technology. Before earning her Masters degree, Irina attended the School of Art in Voronezh, where she studied graphics, painting, sculpture and art history. For the past five years, she has specialized in helping Russians and Europeans with relocation and business research and development.
Ingrid Gradinger Director of Tours & Travel (Nadi, Fiji)
A native of Vienna, Austria, Ingrid spent 7 years in the tourism / hospitality industry at a hotel in Vienna in different capacities. She spent several years traveling extensively in Africa, Southeast Asia, North America, Australia and other parts of the world. While on the road she worked in Hong Kong, Vancouver and Sydney amongst other places and gained valuable experience in the travel industry. Ingrid arrived in Fiji in 1991, built a beach resort on Waya Island in the Yasawa group, and gained valuable insights into the Fijian tradition and culture. After selling the resort, she has lived mostly on the main island of Viti Levu and worked as a travel consultant for a leading Fijian in bound call center. Ingrid develops and conducts individual tours of Fiji and has published a Fijian-German phrase book and a German Travel Guide book for Fiji.
Rony Hershenzon Director of Operations (Tel Aviv, Israel)
Rony is the founder and owner of RH-Global Realty & Investments, located in Tel Aviv, Israel, and also a partner of Arc-Hotel Consulting Network, located in Italy. He is a professional real estate broker, with experience of over 30 years in the real estate field. Ronys last position was General Manager / CEO of Tefahot Properties & Investment Ltd, which is a subsidiary of the largest mortgage bank in Israel, and the fourth largest banking group in the country, which included branches in Europe, USA and South America. In the past 5 years, he has specialized in hotel real estate transactions, mostly in Europe. His clients are large public investment companies and funds, which look after assets and yield transactions.
About Us
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Flo Rida took time out of his performance to pay tribute to fallen star Paul Walker. Check out Flo's thoughtful words in the above video.
Paul Walker's Cause of Crash Said to be Steering Fluid Leak
Paul Walker's fatal car accident is now said to be caused by a fluid leak. Read on for the details and reasons supporting the theory.Click here to read more
VIDEO: Tyrese Breaks Down Crying at Paul Walker's Vigil
Co-star Tyrese is one of Paul Walker's many friends who are devastated by his death. Here is footage of Tyrese breaking down crying at the accident scene.Click here to read more
WATCH: Paul Walker in Davidoff Cool Water Campaign Commerical
A new ad for Davidoff cologne, featuring Paul Walker, aired during a live broadcast of a sports event in the UK today and fans are outraged. Watch it here.Click here to read more
Jasmine Pilchard Gosnell, Paul Walker's Girlfriend: 5 Fast Facts You Need to Know
Jasmine Pilchard Gosnell is the last reported girlfriend of Paul Walker, who sadly lost his life yesterday in a fatal car crash. Read on for details ...Click here to read more
Paul Walker's Death: Roger Rodas' 8-Year-Old Son Tried to Save Them
Apparently, Roger Rodas' 8-year-old son was at the scene of Paul Walker and Rodas' fiery death. He even tried to rescue his father from the fire. Read on.Click here to read more
Paul Walker Dies: 5 Fast Facts You Need to Know
Paul Walker has died tragically in a fiery car crash. Read on for the facts on this horrific news.Click here to read more

subset: commoncrawl


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Body is in great shape.
157k all original
Greyish brown exterior
Brown interior
Fuel injected
New spark plugs, fuel and air filter
Wires have been ordered from VW
Car exhaust pipe near the muffler needs to be repaired. Car starts and runs at the moment but needs to wires to be changed. Having a hard time starting. Looking to get $2500 obo. You can email me at email@example.com ortext 416.454.0536.


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NITEIZE STCK-11-R8 / Steelie Car Mount Kit
Model: STCK-11-R8
Availability: Coming Soon
NITEIZE STCK-11-R8 / Steelie Car Mount Kit
Steelie Car Mount KitThe Steelie Car Mount Kit is the perfect phone holder for your car. It docks your phone to your dashboard in a snap, so it's visible, accessible, and right where you need it, everywhere you go.The Steelie Car Mount Kit is a perfect example of brilliant, intuitive design: it's sleek, compact, versatile, adjustable, and so effortless it's actually fun to use. Here's how it works: two specially engineered components - the Steelie Phone Socket and Steelie Ball Mount - are backed with 3M VHB foam adhesive tape, to provide secure-yet-versatile phone docking exactly where you need it. The Steelie Phone Socket Component is a strong, machined aluminum base containing a powerful, circular magnet centered with flexible silicon that attaches to the center of the back of your phone or hard case. The Steelie Ball Mount Component also features a machined aluminum base topped with a steel ball that can be attached anywhere on your dashboard. The two connect magnetically, and, once your phone is in place, keep it securely positioned, even if you accidentally hit that speed bump a little faster than you intended. The Steelie Phone Socket's silicon center creates a smooth glide and firm grip, so you can easily rotate the phone from landscape to portrait position and it stays that way until you turn it again. And, because of its fumble-free design, unlike other phone holders, the Nite Ize Steelie Car Mount Kit is legal in all 50 United States.Here's an added bonus: when you've reached your destination and you detach your phone from the Ball Mount, the magnetic Phone Socket still works with any other convenient metal surface. So you can attach your phone to refrigerator doors, metal shelving, filing cabinets, toolbox tops, even grocery cart handles-and keep it usable, secure, and easy to view throughout your dayProduct DetailsThe Steelie Ca
Features of NITEIZE STCK-11-R8 / Steelie Car Mount Kit
- Made in United States
Specifications of NITEIZE STCK-11-R8 / Steelie Car Mount Kit
|Product Dimensions
|4.4 x 4.2 x 1.3 inches
|Shipping Weight
|4 ounces
|Item model number
|5.12 ounces
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- Internships /
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- Digital Marketing/Social Media Internship
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1221 Avenue of the Americas
New York, NY
Posted: January 14 2016
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DescriptionICSC was founded in 1957 and is the premier global trade and professional association of the retail real estate industry. Its nearly 67,000 members in over 100 countries include shopping center owners, developers, managers, marketing specialists, investors, retailers and brokers, as well as academics and public officials. For more details, visit www.icsc.org
Staff will work with students to obtain academic credit for their experience, if he/she so desires.
ResponsibilitiesRequirements and Qualifications:
• Select and edit photography for use on ICSC's website and mobile app
• Edit images and graphics for use on ICSC's Website and Mobile App
• Assist in contacting event planners for the most up-to-date event information for ICSC's Website and
• Digital copywriting experience is a plus
• Proficiency in Photoshop is required
• Strong eye for visual design
• Strong editorial skills are required
• Proficiency in Microsoft Word, Excel, and PowerPoint
• Strong attention to detail and organizational skills
• HTML and CSS skills are a plus
Programs, Products & Services Management
- Edit event and session descriptions for optimum viewing on ICSC's mobile app
- Input description and information for ICSC meetings and other worldwide events
• Event images
• Event descriptions
• Event floor plans
• Session descriptions
• Room assignments
• Speakers, panels, and/or moderator information
• Times and dates
• Edit and upload information on ICSC's Education Programs, Research Department and other
• Maintain checklist of future updates to be made to event sessions and programs
• Upload advertisements and sponsorship banners to mobile app
• Uploading and timely removal of event specific advertisers and sponsors
• Maintaining sponsors advertisements – local, national and global


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hello everyone,
I am new to waterfowl hunting here in Oregon. I was hoping you all could help me out on some spot close to me that not sauvies island. I have all the goods to hunt decoy call etc.. although not a dog so please help a new guy to the forum and Oregon.


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|Property type
Enjoy this haven of peace and tranquility. Private yet convenient to all Volcano sites. Relax in this charming country cottage surrounded by beautiful native trees and flowers. A bird lovers delight. Take walks, hike, ride bikes, play golf or just settle in front of a cozy fire and read a book or watch a movie from our extensive DVD collection.
This modified A-frame house features two bedrooms downstairs. One with a queen bed and one with a twin bed. These two bedrooms share the downstairs bathroom. Upstairs there is a large master suite with a king bed, sitting area and private bath. There is extra bedding and futons for overflow guests. Each room of the house is tastefully decorated in a charming country motif featuring handmade pine furniture by a local artisan and paintings, drawings and pottery by local artists. The kitchen is fully equipped with high end modern appliances. Everything you need to make your stay comfortable is provided (4 slice toaster, blender, mixer, slow cooker, waffle maker, coffee maker, bean grinder and more). Hot chocolate, coffee and a variety of teas are provided. You will also find name brand bath products, hairdryer, first aid kit and common paper products. Just bring your personal items and you will be right at home.
This quiet residential area is situated around the Volcano Golf Course. The 4000 foot elevation boasts beautiful sunny days and cool nights. The clear skies provide amazing star gazing.
A half hour drive takes you to the beautiful Punaluu black sand beach for swimming or snorkling or into Hilo town for shopping and sight seeing.
Our previous guests have said:
'What a fantastic cottage! We were so impressed with absolutely everything here. One could not ask for anything more. We LOVED the decorations!. The whole experience was far better than I ever imagined. Thanks for a fabulous place and for such great hospitality. We will definiitely do this again.' Plainsboro, NJ
'We loved this place from the time we turned into the driveway to the time we left. Everything about the cottage is PERFECT! We had gorgeous sunny days to hike in the park and we were astounded by what we saw. Truly a great place to visit. Blue Springs, Missouri
'This must be the prettiest cottage in all of Volcano! Wish we had more time here. Felt absolutely spoiled. We recommend it highly.' Abmay, In.
Keywords: House with large lot, charming country cottage, cheerful accomodations, tranquil surroundings, minutes from National park.
Mike and I are 30 year residents of the Big Island. We have always loved the Volcano area and spent a lot of time camping and staying at different B&B's in the area. We purchased Pukeawe Cottage in 2001 and then within the next few years we were able to purchase the lots on both sides of our house giving us almost an acre of land. Much of the land was over taken by invasive species and we have worked hard to clear the land and replant with natives and non invasive plants. We feel very proud of what we have created here and hope our guests enjoy the park like surroundings.
MARGARET SMITH PIERCE purchased this house in 2001
We chose to buy our future retirement home in this neighborhood because it is secluded yet close to all the things we enjoy. Hiking and biking and working in our gardens are things we enjoy when we visit our home in Volcano and we look forward to doing more of it when we are able to retire. We are both very busy small business owners in Kona so we cherise all the time that we have at Pukeawe Cottage.
You will be visited daily by the birds that drop in to be fed. We provide the food so
you can enjoy their presence.
Within walking distance to Volcano National Park, Great hiking trails, Walking distance to Volcano Winery.
Withing 1/2 hour to black sand beach with great snorkling.
|Rate Period
|Weekend Night
|Monthly *
My Standard Rate
1 night minimum stay
|Notes: Rates are based on 2 guests; add $20 per night, per additional guest
|Tax Rate
* Approximate monthly rate. Actual rate will depend on the days of the month you stay.


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Lemon Snowball RecipeRead Reviews Be the first to add a review
For a special occasion like a church supper, I make this beautiful dessert. The lemon and coconut flavors go so wonderfully together. Everyone will be asking for the recipe.—Lucy Rickers, Bonsall, California
Recommended: 26 of Our Easiest Desserts Ever
- 2 envelopes unflavored gelatin
- 1/4 cup cold water
- 1 cup boiling water
- 1 cup granulated sugar
- 1 can (12 ounces) frozen orange juice concentrate, thawed
- 2 tablespoons grated lemon peel
- 2 tablespoons lemon juice
- Dash salt
- 3 cups heavy whipping cream, divided
- 1 prepared angel food cake (8 to 10 ounces), cubed
- 1/4 cup confectioners' sugar
- 1/2 cup sweetened shredded coconut
- Sprinkle gelatin over cold water. Let stand 5 minutes. Add boiling water; stir until gelatin is dissolved. Add next five ingredients; mix well. Refrigerate, stirring occasionally, until mixture begins to thicken, about 25 minutes.
- In another bowl, beat 2 cups cream until stiff peaks form; fold into lemon mixture. Line a 12-cup bowl with plastic wrap. Layer with 1 cup each lemon filling and cake cubes. Repeat layers five times; top with remaining filling. Refrigerate, covered, 6 hours or up to 2 days.
- To serve, invert bowl onto a large serving platter. Remove plastic wrap. Beat confectioners' sugar and remaining cream until stiff peaks form; spread over cake. Sprinkle with coconut. Yield: 20 servings.
Originally published as Lemon Snowball in Country Woman May/June 1995, p10
Sweet White Wine
Enjoy this recipe with a sweet white wine such as Moscato or a sweet Riesling.
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Asking Alexandria "Run Free" Song Review — 5 out of 5 stars
Wed, 22 Aug 2012 08:19:15
Asking Alexandria Photos
Asking Alexandria Videos
Asking Alexandria progress by leaps and bounds on "Run Free", the first taste of their forthcoming third album. Make no mistake, if you love Stand Up and Scream and Reckless & Relentless, you're really going to love this. It's as if the British quintet took all of the most dynamite elements of their sound and wired them for atomic impact. "Run Free" sees Asking Alexandria raise the stakes quite brilliantly.
The electronics swell and swirl with an orchestral bombast, while Ben Bruce and Cameron Liddell tear through a distinct distorted crunch and massive groove that tempers rough thrash with a modern panache. The song segues from all-out war in the beginning into a strangely soothing hook from Danny Worsnop. He comes front-and-center as one of the best young voices out there, carrying the refrain to divine heights and then down into a blissful darkness on the bridge.
Everybody laments the death of rock 'n' roll, hard rock, metal, or whatever you want to call it. However, with bands like Asking Alexandria roaming free, it's hard to take that seriously. They deserve to be at the top of the genre, and they're on their way to domination with this one.
—Rick Florino
Have you heard "Run Free"?
Download the song for free here!
See our last interview with Danny here!


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Ripple (payment protocol)
|Original author(s)
|Arthur Britto, David Schwartz, Ryan Fugger
|Initial release
|Stable release
|Development status
|Operating system
|Server: GNU/Linux (RHEL, CentOS, Ubuntu), OS X (development only)
|Real-time gross settlement, currency exchange, remittance
|ISC license[2]
Ripple is a real-time gross settlement system (RTGS), currency exchange and remittance network by Ripple. Also called the Ripple Transaction Protocol (RTXP) or Ripple protocol,[3] it is built upon a distributed open source Internet protocol, consensus ledger and native currency called XRP (ripples). Released in 2012, Ripple purports to enable "secure, instant and nearly free global financial transactions of any size with no chargebacks." It supports tokens representing fiat currency, cryptocurrency, commodity or any other unit of value such as frequent flier miles or mobile minutes.[4][5] At its core, Ripple is based around a shared, public database or ledger,[6] which uses a consensus process that allows for payments, exchanges and remittance in a distributed process.[7]
In 2014, Ripple defended the security of its consensus algorithm against rival Stellar Network.[8][9] Currently, Ripple is the third-largest cryptocurrency by market capitalization,[10][11] after bitcoin and Ethereum.[12][13][14][15]
Used by companies such as UniCredit, UBS and Santander, the Ripple protocol has been increasingly adopted by banks and payment networks as settlement infrastructure technology,[16] with American Banker explaining that "from banks' perspective, distributed ledgers like the Ripple system have a number of advantages over cryptocurrencies like bitcoin," including price and security.[17]
- 1 History
- 2 Concept
- 3 Design features
- 5 Reception
- 6 See also
- 7 References
- 8 Further reading
- 9 External links
Early development (2004–12)[edit]
The predecessor to the Ripple payment protocol, Ripplepay, was first developed in 2004 by Ryan Fugger,[18][19] a web developer in Vancouver, British Columbia.[20] Fugger conceived of the idea after working on a local exchange trading system in Vancouver, and his intent was to create a monetary system that was decentralized and could effectively allow individuals and communities to create their own money. Fugger's first iteration of this system, RipplePay.com,[21] debuted in 2005 as a financial service to provide secure payment options to members of an online community via a global network.[20][22]
This led to the conception of a new system by Jed McCaleb of eDonkey network,[23] which was designed and built by Arthur Britto and David Schwartz.[24] In May 2011, they began developing a digital currency system in which transactions were verified by consensus among members of the network, rather than by the mining process used by bitcoin, which relies on blockchain ledgers.[21] This new version of the Ripple system[20] was therefore designed to eliminate bitcoin's reliance on centralized exchanges, use less electricity than bitcoin, and perform transactions much more quickly than bitcoin.[20] Chris Larsen,[21] who had previously founded the lending services companies E-Loan and Prosper, joined the team in August 2012,[23] and together McCaleb and Larsen approached Ryan Fugger with their digital currency idea. After discussions with long-standing members of the Ripple community, Fugger handed over the reins.[21] In September 2012 the team co-founded the corporation OpenCoin,[21] or OpenCoin Inc.[23][25]
OpenCoin and Ripple Labs (2012–13)[edit]
OpenCoin began developing a new payment protocol called the Ripple Transaction Protocol (RTXP) based on Ryan Fugger's concepts.[21] The Ripple protocol enables the instant and direct transfer of money between two parties.[26] As such the protocol can circumnavigate the fees and wait times of the traditional correspondent banking system,[26][27] and any type of currency can be exchanged including USD, euros, RMB, yen, gold, airline miles, and rupees.[28] To maintain security OpenCoin programmed Ripple to rely on a common ledger that is "managed by a network of independent validating servers that constantly compare their transaction records." Servers could belong to anyone, including banks or market makers.[26] The company also created its own form of digital currency dubbed XRP in a manner similar to bitcoin, using the currency to allow financial insititutions to transfer money with negligible fees and wait-time.[29]
Among OpenCoin's early investors were[30] Andreessen Horowitz and Google Ventures.[26] On July 1, 2013, XRP Fund II, LLC (now called simply XRP II)[31] was incorporated as a wholly owned subsidiary of OpenCoin, and headquartered in South Carolina.[31] The following day, Ripple announced its linking of the bitcoin and Ripple protocols via the Bitcoin Bridge. The bitcoin Bridge allows Ripple users to send a payment in any currency to a bitcoin address.[32][33] Ripple also developed early partnerships with companies such as ZipZap.[34] On September 26, 2013, OpenCoin Inc. changed its name to Ripple Labs Inc.,[25] with Chris Larsen remaining CEO.[35] On the same day the Ripple reference server and client became free software, released as open source under the terms of the ISC license.[2] Ripple Labs continued as the primary contributors of code to the consensus verification system behind Ripple, which can "integrate with banks' existing networks."[36] In October 2013, Ripple partnered further with ZipZap, with the relationship called a threat to Western Union in the press.[37]
Focus on banking market (2014–17)[edit]
By 2014, Ripple Labs was involved in several development projects related to the protocol, releasing for example an iOS client app for the iPhone that allows iPhone users to send and receive any currency via their phone.[38][39][40] This Ripple Client app no longer exists.[41] In July 2014, Ripple Labs proposed Codius, a project to develop a new smart contract system that is "programming language agnostic."[42]
|"...we think that the bigger opportunity is not just to create another digital currency – there are plenty of those - but rather to use that technology as a way of building a settlement system with no central operator."
|— Ripple CEO Chris Larsen in December 2014[28]
Since 2013, the protocol has been adopted by an increasing number of financial institutions to "[offer] an alternative remittance option" to consumers.[43] Ripple allows for cross-border payments for retail customers, corporations, and other banks, and Larsen was quoted stating that "Ripple simplifies the [exchange] process by creating point-to-point and transparent transfers in which banks do not have to pay corresponding bank fees."[28] The first bank to use Ripple was Fidor Bank in Munich, which announced the partnership in early 2014. Fidor is an online-only bank based in Germany.[44] That September the New Jersey-based Cross River Bank and Kansas-based CBW Bank announced they would be using the Ripple protocol.[3] By December Ripple Labs began working with global payments service Earthport, combining Ripple's software with Earthport's payment services system. Earthport's clients include banks such as Bank of America and HSBC, and it operates in 65 countries. The partnership marked the first network usage of the Ripple protocol.[45] In December 2014 alone, the XRP price value rose over 200%, helping Ripple surpass litecoin to become the second biggest crypto-currency, and setting Ripple's market capitalization at close to half a billion.[46]
In February 2015, Fidor Bank announced they would be using the Ripple protocol to implement a new real-time international money transfer network,[47] and in late April 2015, it was announced that Western Union was planning to "experiment" with Ripple.[37] In late May 2015, Commonwealth Bank of Australia announced it would be experimenting with Ripple[48] in relation to intrabank transfers.[49] Since 2012, representatives of Ripple Labs have professed support for government regulation of the crypto-currency market, claiming that regulations help businesses grow.[50] On May 5, 2015, FinCEN fined Ripple Labs and XRP II US$700,000 for violation of the Bank Secrecy Act,[31] based on the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network's additions to the act in 2013.[51] Ripple Labs agreed to remedial steps to ensure future compliance, which included an agreement to only transact XRP and "Ripple Trade" activity through registered money services businesses (MSB), among other agreements such as enhancing the Ripple Protocol.[31] The enhancement won't change the protocol itself, but will instead add AML transaction monitoring to the network and improve transaction analysis.[51] As of 2017, the current release of the server (known as rippled) is version 0.40.0.[1]
The year 2015 and 2016 marked the expansion of Ripple (company) with the opening of an office in Sydney, Australia in April 2015[52] and the opening of European offices in London, United Kingdom in March 2016[53] then in Luxembourg in June 2016.[54] Many companies have subsequently announced experimenting and integrations with Ripple.[55]
On June 13, 2016, Ripple obtained a virtual currency license from the New York State Department of Financial Services, making it the fourth company with a BitLicense.[76]
On August 19, 2016, SBI Ripple Asia announced the creation of a Japanese consortium of banks in a new network that will use Ripple's technology for payments and settlement.[77] The consortium was officially launched on October 25, 2016 with 42 member banks. Member financial institutions are expected to increase further after the launch.[78]
On September 23, 2016, Ripple announced the creation of the first interbank group for global payments based on distributed financial technology. As of April 2017, members of the network known as the Global Payments Steering Group (GPSG) are Bank of America Merrill Lynch, Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce, Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group, Royal Bank of Canada, Santander, Standard Chartered, UniCredit and Westpac Banking Corporation. The group will "oversee the creation and maintenance of Ripple payment transaction rules, formalized standards for activity using Ripple, and other actions to support the implementation of Ripple payment capabilities."[79][80]
|"...as an open protocol, Ripple enables a peer-to-peer server architecture to facilitate the movement of value among financial institutions. This allows financial services companies to make payments directly to each other, whether across different networks, geographic borders or currencies."
|— Consultative Group to Assist the Poor in 2015[81]
Ripple's website describes the opensource protocol as "basic infrastructure technology for interbank transactions – a neutral utility for financial institutions and systems." The protocol allows banks and non-bank financial services companies to incorporate the Ripple protocol into their own systems, and therefore allow their customers to use the service.[82] Currently, Ripple requires two parties for a transaction to occur: first, a regulated financial institution "holds funds and issues balances on behalf of customers." Second, "market makers" such as hedge funds or currency trading desks provide liquidity in the currency they want to trade in.[83] At its core, Ripple is based around a shared, public database or ledger that has its contents decided on by consensus.[6] In addition to balances, the ledger holds information about offers to buy or sell currencies and assets, creating the first distributed exchange.[82] The consensus process allows for payments, exchanges and remittance in a distributed process.[7] According to the CGAP in 2015, "Ripple does for payments what SMTP did for email, which is enable the systems of different financial institutions to communicate directly."[81]
In Ripple, users make payments between each other by using cryptographically signed transactions denominated in either fiat currencies or Ripple's internal currency (XRP). For XRP-denominated transactions Ripple can make use of its internal ledger, while for payments denominated in other assets, the Ripple ledger only records the amounts owed, with assets represented as debt obligations.[18] As originally Ripple only kept records in its ledger and has no real-world enforcement power, trust was required.[18][clarification needed] However, Ripple is now integrated with various user verification protocols and bank services.[84] Users have to specify which other users they trust and to what amount.[18] When a non-XRP payment is made between two users that trust each other, the balance of the mutual credit line is adjusted, subject to limits set by each user. In order to send assets between users that have not directly established a trust relationship, the system tries to find a path between the two users such that each link of the path is between two users that do have a trust relationship. All balances along the path are then adjusted simultaneously and atomically.[18] This mechanism of making payments through a network of trusted associates is named 'rippling'. It has similarities to the age-old hawala system.[85]
Design features[edit]
A gateway is any person or organization that enables users to put money into and take money out of Ripple's liquidity pool.[2] A gateway accepts currency deposits from users and issues balances into Ripple's distributed ledger. Furthermore, gateways redeem ledger balances against the deposits they hold when currency is withdrawn. In practice, gateways are similar to banks, yet they share one global ledger known as the Ripple protocol. Depending on the type and degree of interaction a user has with a gateway, the gateway may have anti-money laundering (AML) or know your customer (KYC) policies requiring verification of identification, address, nationality, etc. to prevent criminal activity.[5] Popular gateways as of 2017 included Bitstamp, Gatehub, Ripple Fox, Tokyo JPY, Mr. Ripple, RippleChina and The Rock Trading.[86]
Trustlines and rippling[edit]
Users must 'extend trust' to the Ripple gateway that holds their deposit. This manual creation of a trustline indicates to the Ripple network that the user is comfortable with the gateway's counterparty risk. Furthermore, the user must put a quantitative limit on this trust and create a similar limit for each currency on deposit at that gateway. For example, if a user deposits US$50 and BTC2.00 at The Rock Trading, the user will have to grant trust of at least that much in both currencies to the gateway for the monies to be available in the Ripple network.[87] When a user has allowed multiple gateways in the same currency, there is an advanced option to allow "rippling," which subjects the user's balance of that currency to switch (or ripple) between gateways. Though their total balance doesn't alter, users earn a small transit fee for providing inter-gateway liquidity.[88]
Similar to reasons during the Free Banking Era in the United States, the value of a currency can vary significantly depending on a gateway's creditworthiness. A non-profit trade association, the International Ripple Business Association (IRBA), provides unified procedures and disclosure standards for gateways.[89][90][91] As of June 2015[update], fifteen businesses had met or exceeded the IRBA standards.[89][90]
Consensus ledger[edit]
Ripple relies on a common shared ledger, which is a distributed database storing information about all Ripple accounts. The network is "managed by a network of independent validating servers that constantly compare their transaction records." Servers could belong to anyone, including banks or market makers.[26] Though the Ripple protocol is freeware,[2] Ripple Labs continues to develop and promote the Ripple protocol, which confirms financial transactions via a network of distributed servers. Ripple Labs is currently assisting banks in integrating with the Ripple network.[36] A new ledger is created every few seconds,[92] and the last closed ledger is a perfect record of all Ripple accounts as determined by the network of servers. A transaction is any proposed change to the ledger and can be introduced by any server to the network. The servers attempt to come to consensus about a set of transactions to apply to the ledger, creating a new 'last closed ledger'.[92]
The consensus process is distributed,[93] and the goal of consensus is for each server to apply the same set of transactions to the current ledger.[92] Servers continually receive transactions from other servers on the network,[92] and the server determines which transactions to apply based on if a transaction came from a specified node in the 'unique node list' or UNL.[not in citation given][7] Transactions that are agreed upon by a "supermajority" of peers are considered validated.[92] If the supermajority isn't in consensus, "this implies that transaction volume was too high or network latency too great for the consensus process to produce consistent proposals," then the consensus process is again attempted by the nodes. Each round of consensus reduces disagreement, until the supermajority is reached.[92] The intended outcome of this process is that disputed transactions are discarded from proposals while widely accepted transactions are included.[92] While users may assemble their own UNL nodes and have full control over which nodes they trust, Ripple Labs acknowledges that most people will use the default UNL supplied by their client.[not in citation given][7]
Ledger security[edit]
In early 2014,[94] a rival company called the Stellar Foundation[95] experienced a network crash.[8] The company brought in David Mazieres, Stellar's chief scientist and head of Stanford University's secure computing group, to conduct a review of the Stellar consensus system, which was similar to Ripple's. Mazieres declared the Stellar system unlikely to be safe when operating with "more than one validating node,"[8] arguing that when consensus is not reached, a ledger fork occurs with parts of the network disagreeing over accepted transactions.[9] The Stellar Foundation afterwards claimed that there was an "innate weaknesses" in the consensus process,[8] a claim which according to Finance Magnates, "Ripple vehemently denied."[94] Ripple Labs chief cryptographer David Schwartz disputed Mazieres' findings and declared that Stellar had incorrectly implemented the consensus system, as "the protocol provides safety and fault tolerance assuming the validators are configured correctly."[9] The company further wrote that after examining Stellar's information, they had concluded "that there is no threat to the continued operation of the Ripple network."[96]
Use as a payment/forex system[edit]
Ripple allows users or businesses to conduct cross-currency transactions[97] in 3 to 5 seconds.[82] All accounts and transactions are cryptographically secure and algorithmically verified. Payments can only be authorized by the account holder and all payments are processed automatically without any third parties or intermediaries.[97] Ripple validates accounts and balances instantly for payment transmission and delivers payment notification with very little latency (within a few seconds).[98] Payments are irreversible, and there are no chargebacks.[99] XRP cannot be frozen or seized.[100] While as of 2014 anyone could open an account on Ripple,[100] by 2015 identity verification procedures had been implemented.[84] Ripple's Path-finding Algorithm searches for the fastest, cheapest path between two currencies.[101] In the case of a user who wants to send a payment from USD to EUR, this could be a "one-hop" path directly from USD to EUR, or it could be a multi-hop path, perhaps from USD to CAD to XRP to EUR.[102] Path finding is designed to seek out the cheapest conversion cost for the user. As of May 14, 2014[update], Ripple's gateways allow deposits in a limited number of fiat currencies (USD, EUR, MXN, NZD, GBP, NOK, JPY, CAD, CHF, CNY, AUD), a handful of crypto currencies (BTC, XRP, LTC, NMC, NXT, PPC, XVN, SLL) and a few commodities (gold, silver, platinum).[103][104][105]
The Bitcoin Bridge[edit]
The bitcoin bridge is a link between the Ripple and bitcoin ecosystems. The bridge makes it possible to pay any bitcoin user straight from a Ripple account without ever needing to hold any of the digital currency. Additionally, any merchant accepting bitcoins has the potential to accept any currency in the world. For example, a Ripple user may prefer to keep money in USD and not own bitcoins. A merchant, however, may desire payment in bitcoin. The bitcoin bridge allows any Ripple user to send bitcoins without having to use a central exchange such as BTC-e to acquire them.[33][106] Bitstamp acts as a gateway for the Ripple payment protocol, among other exchanges.
While transaction information on the ledger is public, payment information is not. It's thus difficult for anyone to associate transaction information with any specific user or corporation.[107]
Market makers[edit]
Any user on Ripple can act as a market maker by offering an arbitrage service such as providing market liquidity, intra-gateway currency conversion, rippling, etc. Market makers can also be hedge funds or currency trading desks. According to the Ripple website, "by holding balances in multiple currencies and connecting to multiple gateways, market makers facilitate payments between users where no direct trust exists, enabling exchanges across gateways."[108] With a sufficient number of market makers, the path finding algorithm creates a near frictionless market and enables users to seamlessly pay each other via the network in different currencies, without assuming any undesired foreign exchange risk.[109]
Many such services are offered through a traditional platform of offers to buy or sell one currency for another currency. Bids and asks are aggregated into order books, to create a decentralized exchange. Users can transact with market makers to trade or convert currencies.[citation needed] Ripple's path finding algorithm leverages this functionality to allow users to send money in one currency and the recipient to receive it in another currency.[109] For example, a user can pay with USD and the recipient can choose to receive the money in another currency, including bitcoins and XRP.[109]
Open API[edit]
Ripple Labs built the protocol to be friendly to the developer community, and resulting features include an API for its payment network, based on the popular REST API standard. One of the earliest extensions by third-party developers was a Ripple extension to e-commerce platform Magento, which enables Magento to read the Ripple public ledger and create an invoice. There has been a Ripple Wallet payment option developed for retail situations as well.[38]
|"XRP exists natively within the Ripple protocol as a counterparty-free currency, as Bitcoin does on the Blockchain. Because XRP is an asset, as opposed to a redeemable balance, it does not require that users trust any specific financial institution to trade or exchange it. All other currencies on Ripple do require some amount of trust, as they each have an issuer, from whom that currency can be redeemed (this includes BTC on the Ripple network)."
|— Ripple protocol[110]
XRP is the native currency of the Ripple network that only exists within the Ripple system.[111] XRP are currently divisible to 6 decimal places, and the smallest unit is called a drop with 1 million drops equaling 1 XRP.[111] There were 100 billion XRP created at Ripple's inception, with no more allowed to be created according to the protocol's rules.[112] As such, the system was designed so XRP is a scarce asset with decreasing available supply.[112] Despite this, Ripple sold 300 million units of XRP in each month of the past year leading investors to raise concerns regarding the future value of XRP. This prompted Ripple to reassure investors by declaring that it would suspend 88% of its XRP holdings in contracts and sell 1 billion XRP every month.[113] Not dependent on any third party for redemption, XRP is the only currency in the Ripple network that does not entail counterparty risk, and it is the only native digital asset. The other currencies in the Ripple network are debt instruments (i.e. liabilities), and exist in the form of balances.[2] Users of the Ripple network are not required to use XRP as a store of value or a medium of exchange. Each Ripple account is required, however, to have a small reserve of 20 XRP[114] (US$6.58 as of May 16, 2017[115]). The purpose for this requirement is discussed in the anti-spam section.
Of the 100 billion created, 20 billion XRP were retained by the creators, who were also the founders of Ripple Labs. The creators gave the remaining 80% of the total to Ripple Labs, with the XRP intended to fund operations.[112] Ripple Labs also had a short-lived 2013 giveaway of under 200 million XRP (0.2% of all XRP) via World Community Grid.[116] As of November 30, 2012, 7.2 billion XRP of Ripple Lab's amounts had been distributed,[117] with some of the amount given to charities such as the Computing for Good initiative, which began offering XRP in exchange for time volunteered on research projects.[118] As of March 2015, 67% of Ripple Labs's original 80% was still retained by the company,[112] with Ripple Labs stating that "we will engage in distribution strategies that we expect will result in a stable or strengthening XRP exchange rate against other currencies."[119] The amount of XRP distributed and their movement can be tracked through the Ripple Charts website.[120]
As a bridge currency[edit]
One of the specific functions of XRP is as a bridge currency,[102] which can be necessary if no direct exchange is available between two currencies at a specific time,[121] for example when transacting between two rarely traded currency pairs.[110] Within the network's currency exchange, XRP are traded freely against other currencies, and its market price fluctuates against dollars, euros, yen, bitcoin, etc. Ripple's design focus is as a currency exchange and a distributed-RTGS, as opposed to emphasizing XRP as an alternative currency.[110] In April 2015, Ripple Labs announced that a new feature called autobridging had been added to Ripple, with the intent of making it easier for market makers to transact between rarely traded currency pairs. The feature is also intended to expose more of the network to liquidity and better FX rates.[122]
As an anti-spam measure[edit]
When a user conducts a financial transaction in a non-native currency, Ripple charges a transaction fee. The purpose of the fees is to protect against network flooding by making the attacks too expensive for hackers. If Ripple were completely free to access, adversaries could broadcast large amounts of "ledger spam" (i.e. fake accounts) and "transaction spam" (i.e. fake transactions) in an attempt to overload the network. This could cause the size of the ledger to become unmanageable and interfere with the network's ability to quickly settle legitimate transactions. Thus, to engage in trade, each Ripple account is required to have a small reserve of 20 XRP,[114] (US$0.16 as of October 3, 2016[115]), and a transaction fee starting at .00001 XRP (US$.00000008 as of October 3, 2016[115]) must be spent for each trade. This transaction fee is not collected by anyone; the XRP is destroyed and ceases to exist.[123] The transaction fee rises if the user posts trades at an enormous rate (many thousands per minute), and resettles after a period of inactivity.[87]
Since its debut the Ripple protocol has received a fair amount of attention in both the financial and mainstream press. Ripple has recently been mentioned in industry articles by The Nielsen Company, the Bank of England Quarterly Bulletin, NACHA, and KPMG, with many of the articles examining Ripple's effect on internationalizing the banking industry.[124] In April 2015, American Banker asserted that "from banks' perspective, distributed ledgers like the Ripple system have a number of advantages over cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin," including security.[17] Wrote the Federal Reserve Bank of Boston, "the adoption of distributed networks, such as Ripple, may help the [banking] industry realize faster processing, as well as greater efficiencies for global payments and correspondent banking."[124] Writing for Esquire about Ripple as a payment network in 2013, Ken Kurson said that "the big financial-service brands ought to feel about Ripple the way the record labels felt about Napster."[125] The New York Times website Dealbook points out in 2014 that "[Ripple] is winning something that has proved elusive for virtual currencies: involvement from more mainstream players in the financial system."[16] In August 2015, Ripple has been awarded as Technology Pioneer by World Economic Forum.[126]
- Comparisons to competition
|Ripple CEO Chris Larsen interviewed about Ripple by Deirdre Bolton on Bloomberg Television's Money Moves (2014)
Though Ripple is third in market capitalization to bitcoin as a digital currency,[10] many members of the press have described Ripple as an up-and-coming rival to bitcoin. In late 2014, Bloomberg called bitcoin a "failing" digital currency, after bitcoin's currency fell 54 percent in value in one year. Ripple was described as a significant competitor, in part because of its real-time international money transfers.[127] Bill Gates supported this outlook and mentioned the Ripple system when asked about bitcoin in 2014, stating "there's a lot that bitcoin or Ripple and variants can do to make moving money between countries easier and getting fees down pretty dramatically. But bitcoin won't be the dominant system."[128] About Ripple's allowance of any electronic value holder, the Vice President of the St. Louis Federal Reserve and professor at Simon Fraser University, David Andolfatto, stated in 2014 that "Ripple is a currency-agnostic protocol. Ripple is the winner. It processes anything."[129] For its creation and development of the Ripple protocol (RTXP) and the Ripple payment/exchange network, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) recognized Ripple Labs as one of 2014's 50 Smartest Companies in the February 2014 edition of MIT Technology Review.[130]
- Reactions to XRP
The reaction to XRP is polarized in the crypto-currency community.[7] Proponents of bitcoin have criticized XRP for being "pre-mined," as XRP is built directly into the Ripple protocol and requires no mining. Also, Ripple Labs' distribution of the original limited amount of XRP currency has met with a fair amount of controversy,[94] and in particular the founders' retainment of 20% is seen as a high percentage. However, Esquire countered in 2013 that "if that is devious, then so is every company that's ever gone public while retaining the great bulk of its shares."[125] Much of the controversy was settled after the announcement that the founders[95] Jed McCaleb[131] and Arthur Britto[95] would be selling their XRP at a mediated rate over several years, "a move that should add stability and restore confidence to the XRP market."[95] CEO Chris Larsen in turn donated 7 billion XRP to the Ripple Foundation for Financial Innovation, with the XRP to be "locked up" and donated over time.[132] In 2016, of the 20% allocated initially to the founders, nearly half had been donated to non-profits and charities.[131][132][133]
See also[edit]
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- ^ a b c Ryan, Philip (April 29, 2015). "Western Union Will Give Ripple a Chance". Bank Innovation. Retrieved 2015-06-09.
- ^ a b Bradbury, Danny. "Ripple Courts Developers, Entrepreneurs With New Initiatives". CoinDesk. Retrieved 18 March 2014.
- ^ "Introducing Ripple Client: the iOS App". Ripple blog. Ripple Labs Inc.
- ^ Kirk, Jeremy. "Apple removes Blockchain, last Bitcoin wallet app, from iOS App Store". PCWorld. Retrieved 18 March 2014.
- ^ Download the Ripple Client - Official site Archived June 4, 2015, at the Wayback Machine.
- ^ Cawrey, Daniel (July 21, 2014). "Ripple Labs Unveils Proposal for New Smart Contract System". coindesk. Retrieved 2015-06-09.
- ^ Scully, Matt (September 24, 2014). "Alternative Money Mover Ripple Labs Enters U.S. Banking System". American Banker. Retrieved 2015-06-16.
- ^ a b Bannister, David (September 30, 2014). "Next out of the block". Banking Technology. Retrieved 2015-06-09.
- ^ a b Paul Vigna, Michael Casey (December 4, 2014). "BitBeat: Ripple Partners With Global Payments Service Earthport". Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 2015-06-09.
- ^ Wilmoth, Josiah (December 13, 2014). "XRP price rise gives Ripple $500 million market cap". CryptoCoinNews. Retrieved 2015-06-09.
- ^ Reutzel, Bailey (February 23, 2015). "Digital-Only German Bank to Enter U.S. Market, Court Millennials". American Banker. Retrieved 2015-06-09.
- ^ a b Riley, Duncan (June 1, 2015). "CBA signs deal with Ripple for Blockchain settlements, may eventually support Bitcoin". Silicon Angle. Retrieved 2015-06-09.
- ^ Merrett, Rebecca (May 27, 2015). "Commonwealth Bank to launch Ripple payments between its subsidiaries". CIO. Retrieved 2015-06-05.
- ^ Higgins, Stan (November 3, 2014). "Money20/20 Day 1: Regulators, Finance Giants Forecast Bitcoin's Future". CoinDesk. Retrieved 2015-06-09.
- ^ a b "What Ripple's Fincen Fine Means for the Digital Currency Industry". American Banker. May 6, 2015. Retrieved 2015-06-09.
- ^ "Ripple Labs Expands to Asia Pacific to Serve Regional Demand for Ripple's Real-Time Settlement Protocol". Retrieved June 10, 2016.
- ^ "Ripple opens London office to serve European demand". Retrieved June 10, 2016.
- ^ "Ripple Continues Global Growth with New Luxembourg Office to Support Protocol Neutrality". Retrieved June 20, 2016.
- ^ http://www.coindesk.com/global-banks-blockchain-payments-network/
- ^ "Payments platform Ripple inks deal with Accenture". Retrieved June 30, 2016.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j "Blockchain payments firm Ripple signs up 10 more banks and PSPs". Retrieved April 26, 2017.
- ^ a b c d e f "Seven Leading Banks Join Ripple's Global Network". Retrieved June 24, 2016.
- ^ a b c d e f "Several Global Banks Join Ripple's Growing Network". Retrieved September 15, 2016.
- ^ "CGI adds Ripple gateway to payments portfolio". Retrieved June 10, 2016.
- ^ "D+H adopts Ripple distributed ledger to reduce costs". Retrieved June 10, 2016.
- ^ a b "Ripple and Temenos power Deloitte's payments project". Retrieved June 10, 2016.
- ^ "Expertus Adds Blockchain to its Global Payment Hub Offering" (PDF). Retrieved November 8, 2016.
- ^ "Santander taps Ripple blockchain tech for international payments app". Retrieved June 10, 2016.
- ^ "Japan's SBI Holdings Teams With Ripple to Launch New Company". Retrieved June 10, 2016.
- ^ "Real-time cross-border funds settlement for financial service businesses". Retrieved June 10, 2016.
- ^ "Volante launches a "plug and play" Ripple integration solution". Retrieved June 10, 2016.
- ^ "Yantra Financial Technologies Integrates Ripple Protocol Into Latest Risk Management System". Retrieved June 29, 2016.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au "Announcing the Successful Completion of RC Cloud Pilot By Japan Bank Consortium" (PDF). Retrieved March 20, 2017.
- ^ a b "Westpac, ANZ trial Ripple's Blockchain ledger system, but say no to Bitcoin, for now". Retrieved June 10, 2016.
- ^ "Bank of England trials artificial intelligence and blockchain in bid to stay ahead of the pack". Retrieved March 20, 2017.
- ^ "StanChart, DBS's Trade Finance Distributed Ledger: How It Works". Retrieved June 10, 2016.
- ^ "Royal Bank of Canada Reveals Blockchain Trial With Ripple". Retrieved June 10, 2016.
- ^ "RBS Trials Ripple as Part of £3.5 Billion Tech Revamp". Retrieved June 10, 2016.
- ^ "Threat of Blockchain Prompts New Strategy for Germany's SAP". Retrieved August 18, 2016.
- ^ "Ripple receives BitLicense". Retrieved June 20, 2016.
- ^ "Japanese bank consortium to build new payments network with SBI Ripple Asia". Retrieved August 24, 2016.
- ^ "Japanese banks flock to blockchain consortium". Retrieved November 1, 2016.
- ^ "Major Banks Launch Global Payments Steering Group". Retrieved September 23, 2016.
- ^ "MUFG Joins Ripple's Interbank Group for Global Payments Based on Distributed Financial Technology" (PDF). Retrieved April 2, 2017.
- ^ a b "The 'Ripple' Effect: Why an Open Payments Infrastructure Matters". Consultative Group to Assist the Poor. May 1, 2015.
- ^ a b c "Executive Summary for Financial Institutions". ripple.com. Retrieved 2015-06-16.
- ^ Katakam, Arunjay (September 4, 2014). "The evolution of cross-border transfers: new infrastructure for MNO's to increase remittance". GSMA. Retrieved 2015-06-16.
- ^ a b Trach, Alina (May 27, 2015). "Ripple Trade to Implement Identity Verification Procedures". ripple.com. Retrieved 2015-06-05.
- ^ "Ripple Explained: Medieval Banking with a Digital Twist".
- ^ "Trade Volume". ripple.com. Retrieved 2016-09-15.
- ^ a b John, Light. "Decentralized Exchange for Fun and Profit". Let's Talk Bitcoin. Retrieved January 26, 2014.
- ^ Tong, Anna. "Understanding trust lines". Ripple Labs. Retrieved February 2, 2014.
- ^ a b "Ripple Gateways". IRBA. Retrieved January 27, 2014.
- ^ a b "Public Disclosure Standards". International Ripple Business Association. Retrieved May 14, 2014.
- ^ "International Ripple Business Association". ZoomInfo. Retrieved May 14, 2014.
- ^ a b c d e f g Britto, Arthur. "The Ripple Ledger Consensus Process". ripple.com. Retrieved 2015-05-09.
- ^ "The Science of Trust".
- ^ a b c Pick, Leon (April 23, 2015). "Ripple orders freeze". Finance Magnates. Retrieved 2015-06-09.
- ^ a b c d Carney, Michael (August 15, 2014). "Ripple settles with estranged founder Jed McCaleb, outlining a metered sale of his XRP holdings". Pando.com. Retrieved 2015-06-09.
- ^ Thomas, Stefan (December 7, 2014). "Why the Stellar Forking Issue Does Not Affect Ripple". ripple.com. Retrieved 2015-06-05.
- ^ a b "Payment Network". Ripple Labs. Retrieved February 2, 2014.
- ^ Simonite, Tom (April 11, 2013). "Big-name investors back effort to build a better Bitcoin". MIT Technology Review. Retrieved January 26, 2014.
- ^ Schwartz, Ariel. "Bitcoin 2.0: Can Ripple Make Digital Currency Mainstream?". Fast Company. Retrieved February 2, 2014.
- ^ a b McGarvey, Robert. "'Ripple' is the New Bitcoin: Adventures in Virtual Currency". The Street. Retrieved February 2, 2014.
- ^ Bradbury, Danny. "Chris Larsen: Ripple is HTTP for money". CoinDesk. Retrieved February 2, 2014.
- ^ a b "Bridge Currency". ripple.com. Retrieved 2015-06-16.
- ^ "Grid". RippleCharts. Archived from the original on February 10, 2014. Retrieved January 27, 2014.
- ^ "Company Summary". Peercover. Retrieved January 27, 2014.
- ^ Southurst, Jon. "Bullion Exchange Brings Ripple into the Physical World". CoinDesk. Retrieved February 2, 2014.
- ^ Bailey, Reutzel. "Ripple Network Adds Currency Conversion for Bitcoin Payments". PaymentsSource. Retrieved March 17, 2014.
- ^ "What an Open Network Means for Banks, Market Makers and Regulators". ripple.com. Retrieved May 17, 2016.
- ^ "Market Makers". ripple.com. October 16, 2014. Retrieved 2015-06-16.
- ^ a b c Spaven, Emily. "Online payment network Ripple Labs receives $3.5m in new funding". CoinDesk. Retrieved January 27, 2014.
- ^ a b c "Math Based Currency". ripple.com. Retrieved 2015-06-16.
- ^ a b "Ripple". Github. Retrieved January 28, 2014.
- ^ a b c d "XRP Distribution". Ripple Labs. Retrieved February 24, 2015.
- ^ Pilkington, Nicholas (June 25, 2017). "Investing in Ripple: The Next Big Thing?". themarketmogul.com.
- ^ a b "Proposed change to Ripple reserve requirement". Ripple blog. Ripple Labs Inc.
- ^ a b c "Crypto-Currency Market Capitalizations". coinmarketcap.com. Retrieved October 3, 2016.
- ^ "Ripple Forum • View topic - [OFFICIAL] We're moving the giveaway out of beta". Retrieved February 24, 2015.
- ^ Jackson, Brian (January 21, 2014). "Beyond Bitcoin: Top 5 cryptocurrencies by market cap". IT Business Canada. IT World Canada Inc.
- ^ Bradbury, Dan. "Ripple Labs now taking cash payments following deal with ZipZap and SnapSwap". CoinDesk. Retrieved February 2, 2014.
- ^ "XRP Distribution". Ripple Labs website. Ripple Labs Inc.
- ^ "Network Feed". Ripple Labs. Retrieved January 28, 2014.
- ^ King, Steve. "Missed Bitcoin? No Worries.". Netswitch Technology Management. Retrieved January 27, 2014.
- ^ Liu, Alec (April 27, 2015). "rippled Feature Update: NuDB and Autobridging". Ripple blog. Retrieved 2015-06-16.
- ^ Teague, Solomon. "First Bitcoin, now Google-backed Open Coin". EuroMoney. Retrieved February 2, 2014.
- ^ a b "Industry Perspectives: Ripple Inclusions". ripple.com. Retrieved 2015-06-16.
- ^ a b Kurson, Ken (November 27, 2013). "The true value of Bitcoin and Ripple". Esquire Blogs. Hearst Communications, Inc. Retrieved January 26, 2014.
- ^ "Ripple Labs Awarded as Technology Pioneer by World Economic Forum". Retrieved June 30, 2016.
- ^ Kharif, Olga (December 15, 2014). "Bitcoin Bears Say Told-You-So as Digital Currency Falls". Bloomberg. Retrieved 2015-06-16.
- ^ Higgins, Stan (January 22, 2015). "Bill Gates: Bitcoin Alone Won't Solve Global Payments Challenges". CoinDesk. Retrieved 2015-06-16.
- ^ Cawrey, Daniel. "Federal Bank VP: Bitcoin Threat Means Banks Must 'Adapt or Die'". CoinDesk. Retrieved May 14, 2014.
- ^ Bergstein, Brian. "50 Smartest Companies". MIT Technology Review. Retrieved March 12, 2014.
- ^ a b Long, Monica (February 11, 2016). "Final Settlement with Jed". Official Ripple Forum. Retrieved 2016-11-06.
- ^ a b Long, Monica (April 23, 2015). "RippleWorks (Chris Larsen's foundation) launches". Official Ripple Forum. Retrieved 2016-11-06.
- ^ "Ripple Creator Donates $500k in XRP to Artificial Intelligence Research Charity". Retrieved November 6, 2016.
Further reading[edit]
- "Ripple Could Make Bitcoin Great (or Destroy It)". Motherboard. January 23, 2013.
- "Ripple Labs Unveils Proposal for New Smart Contract System". CoinDesk. July 21, 2014.
- "Isn't one Internet enough?". Fortune Magazine. August 22, 2014.


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Another competition, another record broken by Jack Wilshere.
The midfielder, who turned 17 on New Year's Day, became the youngest Arsenal player to appear in the FA Cup when he replaced Nicklas Bendtner after 86 minutes of Saturday's Third-Round tie against Plymouth Argyle.
Aged 17 years and two days, the youngster trumped previous record-holder Stewart Robson by 55 days.
On Saturday, September 13, Jack became Arsenal's youngest player in the League and on Tuesday, November 25, aged 16 years and 329 days, he broke Theo Walcott's record to become the youngest Gunner to appear in European competition.
The Hitchin-born teenager celebrated this latest record by signing professional terms with the Club after the game.Copyright 2017 The Arsenal Football Club plc. Permission to use quotations from this article is granted subject to appropriate credit being given to www.arsenal.com as the source


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Re: Doctor shortage in northern B.C. ongoing concern By Kelly Sinoski, Vancouver Sun March 17, 2012
Posted by: Daniel Presnell | March 27, 2012 | Leave a Comment
We are pleased to welcome Dr. Geoffrey Payne, Regional Associate Dean, Northern BC, as a guest contributor to the blog. Dr. Payne provides insight on how the Northern Medical Program and its partners are working to improve access to care in rural communities.
Re: Doctor shortage in northern B.C. ongoing concern By Kelly Sinoski, Vancouver Sun March 17, 2012
We share the concerns of the community of Fort St. James over physician shortages, and recognize the challenges faced by Dr. Paul Stent as one of the community's only care providers. Sadly, many communities in the north, like other underserved areas of the province, are under similar strain.
The UBC Northern Medical Program opened its doors at the University of Northern British Columbia in Prince George in 2004 with the goal of educating physicians in the north, where young doctors-in-training can understand the unique challenges – and rewards – of working in rural medicine and become part of the community they may one day serve. We are proud to say that this May, the NMP will graduate its 5th class, with more than 130 MD's having received their training in northern communities, and more than half of our graduates are choosing to pursue careers as family physicians.
These graduates must complete residency training – typically spanning two to seven years – before they are eligible to be licensed to practice (editor's note: see the Physician Training Timeline graphic) . We have already seen NMP grads from 2008 through 2010 complete Family Practice training and return to northern communities. Currently, thirteen NMP graduates are practicing family medicine in rural and northern areas.
Furthermore, our northern family practice residency programs in Prince George, Terrace and Fort St. John demonstrate high-quality training, and offer MDs the opportunity to complete postgraduate training in these unique communities.
Return of Service contracts have not always produced long-term results for recruiting and retaining doctors in rural communities across Canada and elsewhere in the world. We are convinced that distributed medical training – where physicians live, learn and establish strong roots in these communities – presents one of the most promising prospects of meaningful and long-term engagement and service of medical professionals in underserved areas. This, along with ongoing collaborative efforts with Northern Health, the Northern Medical Program and local physicians on projects to improve recruitment, retention and mentorship for new physicians, will contribute to a sustainable system and high quality care these communities deserve.
Dr. Geoffrey Payne
(For more info, see this story on NMP grads in the Prince George Citizen, and a UNBC profile of several grads working in rural communities.)
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Get an overview of this hotel3-star condo with free breakfast and outdoor pool
Popular property highlights
Situated in Palm Springs, this condo is 1 mi (1.6 km) from Bel Air Greens and within 3 mi (5 km) of Moorten Botanical Garden and Cactarium and Palm Springs Air Museum. Baristo Park and Palm Springs Convention Center are also within 3 mi (5 km).
Property Features
This smoke-free condo features an outdoor pool, a bar/lounge, and a coffee shop/café. Free continental breakfast and free self parking are also provided. Other amenities include a spa tub, coffee/tea in a common area, and laundry facilities.
Room Amenities
All 63 soundproofed condos have 2 bedrooms and provide free WiFi and free wired Internet. Guests can enjoy fireplaces, and other standard amenities include kitchens with refrigerators and microwaves.Information missing or incorrect? Tell us!Opens in a new window
Mesquite Country Club
Condo Amenities
Condo Amenities
Mesquite Country Club features an outdoor pool and a spa tub. The condo offers a coffee shop/café. A bar/lounge is on site where guests can unwind with a drink. Guests can enjoy a complimentary breakfast.
This Palm Springs condo also offers barbecue grills, coffee/tea in a common area, and laundry facilities. Onsite self parking is complimentary.
Mesquite Country Club is a smoke-free property.
- Spa tub
- Coffee shop or café
- Total number of rooms - 63
- Shopping on site
- Laundry facilities
- Barbecue grill(s)
- Coffee/tea in common areas
- Bar/lounge
- Front desk (limited hours)
- Free parking nearby
- Free self parking
- Tennis on site
- Year Built 1978
- Smoke-free property
- Free breakfast
- Outdoor pool
Family Friendly Amenities
- Family Hotel
- Outdoor pool
- Separate living room
- Free Wi-Fi
- Soundproofed rooms
- Kitchen
- Laundry facilities
- Separate dining area
- Refrigerator
- Microwave
Available in all rooms: Free WiFi , Free wired high-speed Internet
Free self parking, Free parking nearby
Room Amenities
- Premium TV channels
- Fireplace
- Premium bedding
- Separate sitting area
- Furnished balcony or patio
- Soundproofed rooms
- Air conditioning
- Ceiling fan
- In-room climate control (air conditioning)
- Phone
- Free local calls
- Refrigerator
- Microwave
- Cookware, dishware, and utensils
- Private bathroom
- Shower/tub combination
- Kitchen
- Iron/ironing board
- Coffee/tea maker
- Separate dining area
- Cable TV service
- Separate living room
- Free WiFi
- Free wired high-speed Internet
Where to Eat
Guests are offered a complimentary continental breakfast.
Nearby Things to Do
An outdoor pool and a spa tub are on site.
The recreational activities listed below are available either on site or nearby; fees may apply.
- Golfing nearby
- Scooter/moped rentals nearby
- Hiking/biking trails nearby
- Mountain biking nearby
- Golf driving range on site
Condo Policies
Special check-in instructions:
Check-out time is 11 AM
Payment types
Children and extra beds
- Children are welcome.
- Kids stay free! Children 2 years old and younger stay free when using existing bedding.
- Rollaway/extra beds are not available.
- Cribs (infant beds) are not available.
- Pets not allowed
You need to know
Extra-person charges may apply and vary depending on property policy.
Government-issued photo identification and a credit card or cash deposit are required at check-in for incidental charges.
Special requests are subject to availability upon check-in and may incur additional charges. Special requests cannot be guaranteed.
No rollaway/extra beds available
No cribs (infant beds) available
- Deposit: USD 200.00 per stay
- Cleaning deposit: USD 200.00 per stay
Condo Name
- Mesquite Country
- Mesquite Country Club
- Mesquite Country Club Condo
- Mesquite Country Club Condo Palm Springs
- Mesquite Country Club Palm Springs
- Mesquite Country Club Hotel Palm Springs
We should mention
Children 2 years old and younger stay free when occupying the parent or guardian's room, using existing bedding.


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WTB pair PCM56P S-grade DAC chips
I am looking for a pair of PCM56P S-grade DAC chips, with identical batch codes, carefully unsoldered
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At the end of your program, you are required to take comprehensive examinations, unless you have exceptional circumstances. You are given one week to complete the six questions which cover content from six graduate level communication courses you have taken for your degree.
Comprehensive examinations will be routine. Under exceptional circumstances, your advising committee may exempt you from taking a comprehensive examination. Students interested in this exception should be well aware that it can take from a couple of months to a year to receive notice of acceptance/rejection for a conference or publication. If this is a goal, start early!
The circumstances shall include the following:
The required six (6) questions will be allotted one full week for completion. Test questions will be determined in consultation with your advising committee chair and consist of:
Examinations begin 9 AM on the first Monday in November in fall semester and the first Monday in April in spring semester of each academic year. The chair of your advising committee will be responsible for making the questions available to you. You can complete the examination off campus. You are expected to complete the examination without any assistance from any other person. You have one (1) week to complete the examination. You must return all examination answers to your committee chair no later than 12 PM noon on the second Monday in November for fall semester, or the second Monday in April for spring semester.
Typically, evaluations are done in the following manner:


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Wonder if I can give the modmyi app an ios7 feel lol. Juz kidding. I know you all are working very hard to make this app top the rest. #CantWait
The reviews never give this app justice. It is easily my favorite cydia app. It's like a cydia app within cydia. There are so many tweaks on flex it's incredible. Unlimited skips for iRadio and pandora, lots of cheats for your favorite games, customize so many aspects of ios7, and much more, all without even having to create a single tweak of your own. It's all already there uploaded in the cloud. And yes if you're creating a tweak you should be careful but if you miss up you can easily delete it and it's like it never happened.


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**/**** Image B Sound B+ Commentary B-
starring James Belushi, Kelly Lynch, Alisan Porter, John Getz
written and directed by John Hughes
by Bill Chambers John Hughes almost returned to directing with last year's Maid in Manhattan, and Curly Sue, the last film with Hughes at the helm, perhaps offers some explanation beyond his reported displeasure with having to cast Jennifer Lopez as to why the torch was ultimately passed to Wayne Wang. In Curly Sue's best bit, the housekeeper (Viveka Davis, a genuine comic find) of an upscale Manhattan apartment gambles away her paycheck playing poker against the two derelicts who've mostly conned their way into staying there. Davis has everything that Lopez doesn't in Maid in Manhattan: modesty, natural beauty, charisma, a wry sense of humour--you could watch a whole movie about this persona, which is probably what Hughes had in mind, and her one sequence ends with a joke that also happens to be a far more accurate representation of the subtle fear that aristocracy puts in the minimum-wager than any of the Cinderella markers you'll find in Maid in Manhattan. Or anything else you'll find in Curly Sue, for that matter.


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'Murphy uses the Harpham case and a firearms violation case, also from Spokane, to lead into a description of the nascent White homeland movement in Montana and Idaho. April Gaede is mentioned because of her work appealing to white refugees to establish a Pioneer Little Europe in Kalispell, MT. Also mentioned is stalwart Canadian pro-White activist Paul Fromm (who has been invited to speak in the area) and conservative activist Chuck Baldwin, who has actually moved there.' -- Kevin MacDonald
Anxiety about a Northwest White Homeland | The Occidental Observer - White Identity, Interests, and Culture