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Mesh repair for breast implant bottoming out
Among the common complications of breast augmentation, breast implant displacement is frequently overlooked. Patients often read about capsular contracture, deflation, and rippling but, fail to recognize bottoming out or lateral displacement even in its most severe form.
When more than half of a breast implant is below the nipple, the implant is said to have "bottomed out". Lateral displacement is recognized when the patient lays back and the implant falls into their armpit producing abnormally wide cleavage. Both of these problems can be fixed and either can occur immediately after surgery or years later depending on the cause.
There are really two causes of implant displacement. Surgical technique and weak soft tissue support.
When surgical technique is the cause the surgeon over-dissects the implant pocket either into the patient's armpit or below the intended level of the breast crease. This large pocket allows the implant to move either too far laterally or too far inferiorly resulting in either lateral displacement or bottoming out. If technical error is the cause, the patient would notice displacement soon after surgery.
Weak soft tissues can result in bottoming out or lateral displacement months or years after surgery. In this scenario, the weight of an implant overwhelms the weakened soft tissues resulting in bottoming out or lateral displacement. Often this is exacerbated long-term by contraction of the pectoralis muscle in those patients who have their implants under the chest wall muscle. As the muscle contracts it pushes the implant into the area of greatest soft tissue weakness. The "vector" of these forces is down and out - the exact areas affected by bottoming out and lateral displacement. Patients who have weak soft tissue support as the result of chronic smoking, large implant size, extreme changes in breast volume (for example, a normally B cup breast who goes to a DD while nursing), or massive weight loss are especially at risk for implant displacement.
Diagnosis of bottoming out or lateral displacement is more subjective than it is objective. In part, this is one of the reasons for the delay in diagnosis and treatment. Patients who are unaccustomed to larger breast size often don't know how far their new breasts should fall into their armpits when they lay back and only see their surgeons when the problem becomes extreme. The same is true of bottoming out.
Often patients will recognize bottoming out when they can't comfortably wear demibras without concern that their nipples will be exposed. The same can be true of bathing suit tops which seem to fit well along the bottom of the breast but, threaten to reveal the areola or nipple at the top. Sometimes women complain that their bras just don't fit well or that their nipples look "too high".
When patients have their incision under their breast, they often notice that their incision has crept from the crease onto the skin of the lower breast. The incision hasn't moved in these cases, rather, the implant has descended moving the crease to a new, lower position.
Sometimes patients notice more rippling along their cleavage and along the bottom of the breast as the implant sinks below the pectoralis muscle. This is especially true of saline implants which tend to ripple more than their silicone gel counterparts.
Lateral displacement is as often noticed as unnaturally wide cleavage when lying flat as it is a feeling of the implant wanting to slide into the armpit. Often patients report that the problem has worsened over time since their surgery.
How frequent is bottoming out? There is no way to know. Surgeons are typically reluctant to mention it when the patient doesn't bring it up. Some surgeons are concerned that the patient will blame them for the problem even if they had little to do with it. Some surgeons have had such poor experience with bottoming out repair and recurrence that they only offer surgery to the most severe cases.
Patients frequently ask if mild bottoming out or lateral displacement will get worse over time. The answer is likely, yes. The forces that cause these problems tend to compound over time and we all know that our skin and soft tissues weaken as we age. The effects of chronic sun exposure and smoking weaken the support systems of the breast just as they lead to jowling and wrinkles in the face.
Patients also frequently ask about nonsurgical treatment options. While wearing a good supportive bra around the clock may slow the progression of bottoming out and lateral displacement, the forces that cause these problems remain. Many patients grow frustrated with support bras and eventually decide that a surgical repair is in their best interest.
The decision as to when to repair bottoming out and lateral displacement is complex. Obviously, no patient wants to have a revision. Factors such as financial cost, time off work, pain and the fear and anxiety that accompany any surgical procedure need to be considered. Patients also need to consider the time of the year, remembering that these problems may be harder to conceal in a bathing suit than they might be in a winter jacket.
The traditional repair for both bottoming out and lateral displacement has been the same. The procedure, technically called a capsulorrhaphy, involves closing off the unwanted area of the implant pocket with permanent sutures placed in the operating room. In order to do a capsulorrhaphy the implant is temporarily removed in the operating room to avoid any damage. Once the repair is complete the implant is replaced.
Sometimes patients change implants at the time of the repair. When patients experience rippling along with bottoming out, many surgeons will suggest a change from a saline to a silicone gel implant at the time the repair is performed. It is well known that silicone implants ripple less than saline implants and patients may qualify for silicone implants at the time of their revision while they might not have at the time of their initial surgery.
Patients should be vigilant that some surgeons suggest switching to a larger implant to "treat" bottoming out. Larger implants are also typically wider implants so moving to a bigger implant will increase the proportion of the implant which is above the level of the nipple making the bottoming out less conspicuous. Unfortunately, larger implants are always heavier implants and as a result, the stress on the already weakened soft tissue is even greater.
Getting into a vicious cycle of more bottoming out and bigger and bigger implants is guaranteed to result in a dissatisfied patient.
A capsulorrhaphy is usually performed through the patients original breast augmentation incision unless the original incision was in the axilla or umbilicus. In these instances, a new incision either around the areola or under the breast will likely be needed. The surgery is typically done as an outpatient under either sedation or general anesthesia. Pain is often less after a capsulorrhaphy than it was after the initial procedure and, in fact, patients need to be reminded NOT to be overly active after a revision no matter how good they feel. Surgeons will have their own protocols following a revision but all will reiterate the importance of minimizing bouncing and the importance of wearing good breast support.
Capsulorrhaphy is a flawed procedure in most patients. Without too detailed an explanation, most patients understand the inherent problem with sewing together tissues which have shown themselves to be weak and expecting them to support the stress that caused them to fail in the first place.
Statistics of capsulorrhaphy failure rates are hard to come by. Few surgeons take measurements of nipple to fold distance and most are disinclined to admit that a repair has failed. Some have placed the failure rate as high as 50%.
I became interested in bottoming out after a patient who came to see me failed a capsulorrhaphy. Despite what I thought was a perfect repair, the patient had recurrent bottoming out within 2 months. She was frustrated and so was I.
I had to rethink my concept of bottoming out and, in doing so, drew from my training in general surgery. In general surgery, hernia repair is quite common. In the case of a hernia, the weakened tissues fail, resulting in bulging of intra-abdominal contents through the hernia defect. For twenty years, general surgeons have realized that simply sewing these weak tissues together was guaranteed to fail. The body is simply too strong for the short term repair provided by sutures. The solution in hernia repair has been the introduction of something permanent and stronger than the bodies weakened tissues.
This material called mesh is very similar to the screen on your windows. Like window screen it has small holes which act as a scaffold for scar tissue to grow into. The mesh is made of the same material that permanent stitches are made from. The mesh becomes "incorporated" within a couple weeks following surgery as scar tissue surrounds it. In essence it becomes part of the scar and part of your body.
My idea was to use this mesh and to anchor it to the strongest material possible, the tight sheath of periosteum that surrounds the bones of the body. This rib periosteum is very strong and can easily support the weight of a breast implant, regardless of size, without failing. While initially I used a flat piece of mesh, it became clear that a sling or hammock of mesh would more exactly accommodate an implant. This design and method of placement has been described in a issued U.S. patent.
Like the capsulorrhaphy, patients who undergo mesh repair are initially limited in their activities. Patients should wear a supportive bra, typically a jog bra, and limit any activity which might involve bouncing such as running, aerobics or horseback riding. The periosteum of the rib to which the mesh is attached is very vascular and initially could bleed if a patient were too active. Sometimes, if a significant amount of capsule work is needed, a small drain may be placed for a day or two. This drain limits any bleeding around the implant and mesh and is removed in the office.
Also like capsulorrhaphy, patient may elect to replace their saline implants with silicone gel implants. While the rippling which concerned them will be greatly diminished after the repair, patients may enjoy the improved softness that silicone gel implants convey over their saline counterparts.
Thus far, the results in dozens of patients have been encouraging. Patients who have undergone mesh repair have had little pain and there have been no incidence of infection, mesh exposure or extrusion, or mesh induced injury to the implant. Mesh palpability – the ability to feel the mesh through the skin – has been minimal and similar to the feel of the implant itself through the skin. Two patients have had bleeding complications and both have attributed their bleeding to overexertion in the first several weeks after surgery. In both cases, the mesh was easily opened, blood evacuated and the implant replaced without difficulty. One patient has experienced "slipping" of the anterior leaf of mesh and will need additional sutures to secure this mesh portion. One patient had pain over the edge of the mesh and a small piece of the repair was removed. Other than these few patients there have been no recurrence of bottoming out or lateral displacement.
As a result of this new device, we have been gratified to have had patients come from across the country for mesh repair. My office has established relationships with local hotels, limousine services and restaurants to provide a stress free, convenient alternative to patients interested in making the trip for repair. Most patients stay for several days to a week and many combine the trip with a visit to Chicago – an easy 30 minute drive.
So far, I am the only surgeon doing the mesh repair. I am in talks with several large medical device companies who are interested in commercial manufacturer and distribution of the device but, this is likely several years away. My hope is that eventually, patients will have this option available to them from their local plastic surgeon and that some patients at higher risk will even have the option of mesh placement at the time of their augmentation.


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Arctic sea ice volume now one-fifth its 1979 level
Posted by: Dr. Jeff Masters, 02:52 AM GMT em 19 de Fevereiro de 2013
The stunning loss of Arctic sea ice extent in recent years is undeniable--satellite measurements have conclusively shown that half of the Arctic sea ice went missing in September 2012, compared to the average September during 1979 - 2000. But the extent of ice cover is not the best measure of how the fire raging in Earth's attic is affecting sea ice--the total volume of the ice is more important. But up until 2010, we didn't have the measurements needed to say how the total volume of ice in the Arctic might be changing. Scientists relied on the University of Washington PIOMAS model, which suggested that the loss of Arctic sea ice volume during September might be approaching 75% - 80%. The model results were widely criticized by climate change skeptics as being unrealistic. However, in April 2010, a new satellite called Cryostat-2 was launched, which can measure ice volume by beaming pulses of microwave energy off of the ice. With two years of data to Cryosat-2 data to analyze, the results of the PIOMAS model have now been confirmed by a study published on-line in February 2013 in Geophysical Research Letters. In a University of Washington news release, co-author Axel Schweiger said, "people had argued that 75 to 80 percent ice volume loss was too aggressive. What this new paper shows is that our ice loss estimates may have been too conservative, and that the recent decline is possibly more rapid." The U.K.'s Natural Environmental Research Council reported that the team of scientists found that from 2003 to 2012, the volume of Arctic sea ice declined 36% in the autumn and 9% in the winter. The measure of sea ice volume is a good indicator of how the Arctic's most stable, "multi-year" ice is fairing. As the multi-year ice declines, sea ice extent, the total area covered by sea ice, in an "Arctic death spiral". The new study shows that thick, multi-year ice has disappeared in areas north of Greenland, around the Canadian Archipelago, and to the northeast of Svalbard, Norway.
Figure 1. Arctic sea ice volume in thousands of cubic kilometers during the September minimum in 1979 compared to 2012, as estimated by the University of Washington PIOMAS model. Arctic seas ice volume has declined by more than a factor of five. Image credit; Andy Lee Robinson.
Figure 2. The Polar-5 aircraft, carrying the EM instrument that was used to validate Cryosat-2 sea ice thickness measurements, flying over the validation site. Image credit: R. Willatt.
Why care about Arctic sea ice loss?
If you remove an area of sea ice 43% the size of the contiguous U.S. from the ocean, like occurred in September 2012, it is guaranteed to have a significant impact on weather and climate. The extra heat and moisture added to the atmosphere as a result of all that open water over the pole may already be altering jet stream patterns in fall and winter, bringing an increase in extreme weather events. The record sea ice loss in 2012 also contributed to an unprecedented melting event in Greenland. Continued sea ice loss will further increase melting from Greenland, contributing to sea level rise and storm surge damages. Sea ice loss will also continue to crank up the thermostat over Arctic permafrost regions. This will potentially release a significant fraction of the vast amounts of carbon currently locked in the permafrost, further accelerating global warming.
Related Posts
Earth's attic is on fire: Arctic sea ice bottoms out at a new record low (September 2012)
Half of the polar ice cap is missing: Arctic sea ice hits a new record low. September 6, 2012 blog post
Wunderground's Sea Ice page
Arctic Death Spiral Bombshell: CryoSat-2 Confirms Sea Ice Volume Has Collapsed by Joe Romm at climateprogress.org.
Jeff Masters and Angela Fritz [
link to www.wunderground.com
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CLEARANCE PRICED! While Supplies Last! All sales final.
Twenty percent smaller than the Alliance Team Backpack II, the Alliance Mini Backpack showcases a condensed design for easy transport and reduced bulk. Featuring an internal goggle saver pocket, digital media pocket and reinforced inner pockets that add strength and durability, the Alliance Team® Mini Backpack is built for the long haul. Suit hanger carabiners provide added versatility, while a large wet/dry compartment allows for quicker drying and reduced odor. Ideal on the pool deck or around campus, the Mini Backpack features adjustable back straps for custom sizing and added comfort and is available in array of team colors.
Dimensions: 16.5" x 11.25" x 8.75"
PERSONALIZE YOUR BACKPACK BY ADDING AN EMBROIDERED NAME. For an additional charge we will embroider a name on the top flap of the backpack. Select "Yes" in the Add Name option below and then type in the name in the "Embroidered Name" box below. We will get the name embroidered and ship your bag out. Please allow for 1-2 days for delivery of your bag.


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Health Data Management is bringing you the news from the floor at the HIMSS 2010 Conference in Atlanta. Click on the links below to listen to interviews and news round-ups from the HDM editorial staff.
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65 Years Old Needed a Facelift and Eye Lid Surgery for the Coming Years - Hamra, LB
I had my surgery on the 8th mini face lift with upper and lower lids. Went to hospital at 8.30 into surgery at 10.00 AM out of surgery around one.Local anesthesia, chatting with the doctor during the operation.Left the hospital at 4.00 PM, went home .Day 2 stayed home very swollen the left eye with a bigger blue than the right one and left part of the face more swollen. Day 3 went to a... READ MORE
Questions from rimareem
Will Deep FX Leave Marks?
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Is It Safe to Have Deep FX on Face with Permanent Filler?
I have permanent filler. Can I undergo Deep FX? How would I benefit from this treatment? READ MORE


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Funding and Finance Information
Details of tuition fees are available here.
The type of financial support available to you, and tuition fees liable to be paid by you will vary according to the level of programme (Undergraduate or Post Graduate), the subject you intend on studying, where you live, your family circumstances and whether you have previously received funding as a student.
In addition to the financial support highlighted within this section, many students will also supplement their income via part-time employment during their studies.
Whilst every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of the information on this section, it is important that you confirm the financial support arrangement with your relevant funding body for the latest and most accurate information.
Tuition Fee & Financial Support
Information about the funding your tuition for each category of student can be found by following the links below:
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Gunman robs convenience store
State police in Indiana are looking for the man who held up a White Township convenience store on Friday night.
According to police, the robbery occurred shortly before 10 p.m., when a white man in his 20s walked into the EZ Mart along Ben Franklin Road South. Police said the robber was carrying a silver handgun and demanded money. He then left with an undetermined amount of cash and three packs of cigarettes.
Police said the man is 5-foot-7, weighs about 180 pounds, and was wearing a light-green sweatshirt and a black bandana, which he had over his face.
This is the second time the store has been robbed in recent months.
On Dec. 23, two men entered the store shortly before 10 p.m., and ordered a clerk to open the cash register, put her hands in the air and then to lie down on floor.
One of the two then walked behind the counter and took about $250 in cash and several packs of Marlboro cigarettes.
Anyone with any information has been asked to call police at (724) 357-1960.


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Java Moss Question
So what is the trick to getting Java Moss to attach to something??? I have had this in the tank for over a month and it has attached to nothing at all :icon_conf . I have had it tied to drift wood and pieces of river rock in the tank. I had to remove it to a bucket today until I can figure this out. It has been in the tank long enought that the cotton thread I had it tied down with was dissolving and I had big clumps of moss rifting around the tank....:mad: So what is the trick to make this stuff attach?? Did I maybe have it too thick when I put it on the rocks? To thin? How should I plant this to make it work out for me? I would appreciate the help so I can get it back into the tank from the bucket....
Cichlid Freq
The first thing that comes to mind for me is that you may have had too big/thick of a clump tied. You want it 'thin' enough that the moss touching the wood/rock gets light so it can grow and thus attach itself.
When I first got some I just sat in on my piece of driftwood. The edges caught on but the bulk in the center -never- did, even after over a year. (Yes, I let it sit there that long and it eventually turned into an expansive blob that I have only recently started pulling apart.) :)
Well I will try re-planting it tomorrow, will it attach to pretty much anything? I am thinking about holding i in place with cut up pieces of hairnet; I think I can hold it in place much easier with that then using thread again I should get more consistent coverage to hold it in place. If this does not work I am going to have alot of java moss to send to a good home, I am tired of picking it out of everything in the tank as clumps of it break off and get tangeled in everything... :mad:
Cichlid Freq
It will eventually grab on to most woods. I use thread to tie it to things. The key though is too start with a thin layer as weaver said for a good grab and healthier moss. If you cant see through the moss layer to the piece you are using then its too thick to start. Once it gets going it will need trimmings to keep it healthy and the layer thin or the bottom moss will die off and float away again. My favorite moss seeding stone is lava rock. It is very coarse and porous allowing the moss to stay healthy even when its a bit thicker. Also small pieces are easy to remove from the tank to trim and rinse mulm from because they do trap debris.
One more thing... a month is not very long especially if conditions arent perfect.
I had the same problem.
I noticed that new growth will attach better and faster.
At first I just took pinches of moss, squished them against the rocks, and tied down the thickest, oldest parts. The tips were left free floating. It never attached, and when the thread rotted, it all came appart.
What I did later, which took a full sunday for a couple of rocks and one piece of wood, was to lie individual pieces of moss (christmass tree like triangles) as flat as possible on the rock, and tie them down making sure the growing tips touched it. Did this until the whole rocks were covered, makin sure to minimize overlap. It is very easy if you put the moss on the rock/wood, and squirt a little water with a syringe, it will flatten itself. Keep everything moist all the time.
After only three weeks, the thread came appart. The new growth was firmly attached, so very carefully I trimmed the old unattached moss. This left the rock like 60% uncovered, but the moss is growing beautifully in very flat creeping triangular patterns.
Hope this helps.
BTW: Low light, no CO2, no fertilization shrimp tank. It only took 3 weeks, maybe in a high tech it will take less.
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Kazakh Billionaire Said to Weigh Bid as State Sells Banks
Kazakh billionaire Bulat Utemuratov is looking at acquiring Alliance Bank and Temirbank as the country's government sells lenders it acquired in bailouts, according to two people with knowledge of the matter.
The people didn't give details of the possible deal and asked not to be identified because the information isn't public. Verny Investment Holding LLP, the Kazakh private-equity group part-owned by Utemuratov, declined to comment. The lenders' state-run parent, sovereign wealth fund Samruk-Kazyna, said in an e-mail yesterday that it can't disclose information about potential investors because of a confidentiality agreement.
The central Asian nation, which holds about 3 percent of the world's oil and is the largest uranium supplier, is seeking to shed assets after bailing out defaulted lenders in the 2007-2009 economic crisis and handing them to the wealth fund.
"Given the track record for foreign investors in Kazakh banks, competition may be limited to local buyers," Jason Hurwitz, an analyst at Alfa Bank in Moscow, said by phone. "It will be hard to sell these banks without a discount to book value."
Debt Restructuring
Kazakh President Nursultan Nazarbayev has ordered the sale of state stakes in the two lenders and BTA Bank (BTA) by the end of this year. Alliance and Temirbank combined may be valued at between $500 million and $1 billion, Alliance Chief Executive Officer Maksat Kabashev told reporters on April 3.
BTA, Alliance and Temirbank restructured about $20 billion in debt after defaulting in 2009. BTA overhauled its debt in December for the second time since 2010.
Samruk-Kazyna has been considering a merger of Temirbank and Alliance, the country's eighth- and 13th-largest banks by assets, and is open to offers from any buyer, including a local investor, the fund's deputy chief executive officer, Yelena Bakhmutova, said Feb. 7.
Utemuratov may "make sense" as a potential buyer because of his history as a banker, Hurwitz said.
The purchase would mark the biggest foray into the financial industry for Utemuratov since he sold ATF Bank to Italy's UniCredit SpA (UCG) for more than $2 billion in 2007, producing a 4.9-fold return on Verny's investment, according to the company's website.
UniCredit Deal
UniCredit is selling ATF to a Kazakh investor, KazNitrogenGaz, for a price equivalent to its equity capital after gaining central bank permission, according to a statement today from ATF. As of Jan. 1, its equity amounted to 71.2 billion tenge ($472 million).
Utemuratov, 55, controls Forte Bank and Kassa Nova Bank, Kazakhstan's 27th- and 29th-largest lenders, with total assets at 80 billion tenge as of March 1, according to central bank data.
Verny, based in the Kazakh capital, Astana, manages $4 billion of assets, spanning industries from oil and gas to telecommunications in countries including Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia and Austria.
In February, Verny Chairman Timur Issatayev said his company is waiting for details about plans to combine Alliance and Temirbank and wants to know how each lender's competitive advantages are preserved before taking "any serious steps."
To contact the reporter on this story: Nariman Gizitdinov in Almaty at firstname.lastname@example.com
To contact the editor responsible for this story: Stephen Voss at firstname.lastname@example.com


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Canada posts trade surplus on U.S. strength
By David Ljunggren
OTTAWA (Reuters) - Canada posted an unexpected trade surplus in November as a strengthening U.S. economy helped push exports to a three-year high, offering hope to a hard-hit sector.
Trade is a major driver of the economy and Canada sends about 70 percent of its exports to the United States. A prolonged U.S. recovery would help exporters who have to deal with a strong Canadian dollar and uncertain overseas markets.
Canada recorded a trade surplus of C$1.07 billion ($1.05 billion) in November, pleasantly surprising analysts who had expected a C$500 million deficit. October's deficit of C$487 million followed a C$1.12 billion surplus in September.
"The improvement seen in two of the past three months is consistent with the better economic data we've seen from our neighbor to the south," said Benjamin Reitzes of BMO Capital Markets Economics.
"The surplus is certainly welcome news, but its staying power is largely dependent on whether the U.S. economy continues to pick up steam."
Exports to the United States increased by 1.9 percent while imports dropped by 2.0 percent, pushing Canada's bilateral trade surplus up to C$4.57 billion from C$3.55 billion in October.
Overall exports jumped by 3.2 percent from October to C$40.09 billion, the highest level since the C$41.98 billion recorded in October 2008. Energy exports climbed by 6.4 percent, with crude petroleum hitting a record C$6.38 billion.
Peter Hall, chief economist at Export Development Canada, a federal agency that assists exporters, noted a recent trend of strong sustained orders from the United States. Continued...


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This weekend brings with it one of my favourite Jewish holidays: Rosh Hashanah, which marks the beginning of the new year.
(Of course, as the goyish half in my relationship, my exposure to Jewish high holidays is basically limited to showing up for Rosh Hashanah and Passover meals, so choosing my favourite isn't exactly a hard decision. Challah always wins over matzoh, no question about it.)
A traditional Rosh Hashanah supper includes several symbolic foods that appear throughout the meal: apples and honey to represent wishes for a sweet new year, round challahs to represent continuity and the cycle of one year into the next, fish for fertility and plentifulness, and pomegranates for fruitfulness, among others.
Regardless of whether or not you celebrate, it's certainly the right time of year to indulge in these delicious flavours, so I've picked out five gorgeous recipes to get you in the mood.
And for those of you who do celebrate, wishing you a very sweet new year. L'Shana Tova!
Mizuna, Pomegranate and Persimmon Salad (Scandi Foodie)
Source: scandifoodie.blogspot.ca via Isabelle on Pinterest
Apple Cider Baked Chicken (Gimme Some Oven)
Source: gimmesomeoven.com via Isabelle on Pinterest
Apple and Honey Challah (Smitten Kitchen)
Source: smittenkitchen.com via Isabelle on Pinterest
Apple and Goat Cheese Tartlets with Thyme Honey (Seven Spoons)
Source: sevenspoons.net via Isabelle on Pinterest
Barely-Done Brownies with Pomegranate Seeds (Licking the Plate)
Source: melinaphotos.blogspot.com via Isabelle on Pinterest


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Originally Posted by
Here are a few things to check.
1. Turn on AC system and ensure that the compressor clutch and electric fan are spinning.
2. System operating lowside pressure should be around 30-32 psi. If the pressure is low, have the system professionally drained. BMW system must be evacuated, new compressor oil added and freon added to a specific weight.
3. If the compressor constantly cuts on and off, I would check for high system pressure, a bad sensor, or bad expansion valve. The AC tech will have the manifold guages to check the high and low side pressures.
Once you have the system functioning properly, a good practice is to run the AC system 5-10 minutes per month. This allows the system to cycle the freon and lubricate the seals.
Not to hijack the thread, but I have a question.... Why must you evacuate the system simply from a low.charge ? I can understand evac if there is no charge or car has been sitting, but topping off refrigerant due to a low charge seems like a harmless solution. Is there something specific to BMW AC systems that I should know about ? Thanks !
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OK, the premise of Almost Human (Sunday, 7 p.m., Fox/Ch. 13) doesn't sound all that promising - three decades in the future, a cop (Karl Urban) and his robot partner (Michael Ealy) battle bad guys. But this is actually a very promising series that's not what you might expect. The biggest twist is that the cop is very robotic and the robot is very human.
A second episode airs Monday at 7 p.m., the show's regular time slot.
Friday on TV ...
Women's college soccer (5 p.m., BYUtv): Weber State at BYU
Undercover Boss (7 p.m., CBS/Ch. 2): Dutch Bros. Coffee president Travis Boersma works under cover on a coffee plantation in El Salvador.<


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Pittsburgh • Some of the world's top climate scientists say wind and solar energy won't be enough to head off extreme global warming, and they're asking environmentalists to support the development of safer nuclear power as one way to cut fossil fuel pollution.
Four scientists who have played a key role in alerting the public to the dangers of climate change sent letters Sunday to leading environmental groups and politicians around the world. The letter, an advance copy of which was given to The Associated Press, urges a crucial discussion on the role of nuclear power in fighting climate change.


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Don't freak out. The $4500 wasn't one treament.
At first we used Perlane, but it kinda hurt whenever there was pressure on it, and I can't imagine enjoying kissing with that in there. The last time, I used Restylane. Much better.
The doctor is one of the most caring, nurturing, and accommodating people I've ever known. She really cares if you're happy with the results.
I started out with an almost nonexistent upper lip. I had had color tattooed on above the vermillion part of the lip, but the natural edge of my lip stuck out a little so that if you had a discerning eye, you could tell I was cheating. I wanted her to make a "lip edge" at the outer edge of the tattooed-on part & fill the rest with Perlane/Restylane so it would look like my natural lip edge was at the edge of the tattoo. SHE DID IT!! For the lower lip, no artistry was needed, just filler.
For a while I had the most wonderful lips. Unfortunately, my body did a good job of getting rid of the filler so I kept having to go back for more. Each cc was $550. I could probably have had an autologous fat transfplant to my lips for the $4500 I've paid.
Now the doc is on a long vacation, my lips are shrinking, and I'm not sure what to do. The doc who did my tummy tuck does lips, but I've seen his work on one woman & he just seems to plump them up without regard to their shape. Last time I saw her (the patient of the TT doc), her lips were pretty crooked.
Anyway, I highly recommend the doctor named above (below?) once she gets back from vacation in November. I'm going to have her do a fat transplant then.


text:
If you are bent on the M3, then get it. The M5 and M3 are both amazing cars and I dont think you will be dissapointed by either one. If you can afford the extra money, then get the M5, IMO. M5 is the better car, but you are still young and an M3 might be better because it costs about $20k less.
Go M3 and post pics


text:
Sion shared with me today some of his new works. I'm a big fan of Ubiki, his new building/house/city artwork is so colorful and simply darling. These colors are dreamy!
His 3 latest prints include:
* She Always Left The Light On – Dedicated to those who are always there for us.
* Tall Buildings – Whimsical artwork of tall buildings.
* My Village – A western-style take on traditional Chinese folk art.
You can purchase these online right here in case you are interested. Thanks, Sion!
(images from sion lee)


text:
It might be that you have not heard of our next interview guest, however his Internet portal is one of the community's most visited sites and has been since the very early days of Operation Flashpoint. If you need addons or an injection of community news then you should head on over to www.armedassault.info and, in the old days, www.ofp.info. Cervo agreed to answer some of our questions only on the condition that he could post the news first!
Tell us a little about yourself and how you arrived in the world of OFP?
I'm 32 years old, living in Toulouse, in the southern France. I work as an I&T technician for the French government. I started playing OFP since the demo because I was amazed about the freedom you had in the game, miles away from what other games offered. I didn't have an internet connection at home in 2001 when the game was released so I wasn't really following community stuff but I joined OFP.info in 2002. I proposed my services when the previous French translator left the team. I translated news for a few months then started to post directly in English. When Bojler left the team I had to take the team leader position because no other team member had enough time or will to do it.
How many people do you have working on your site?
Since we opened 3 new language sections our team is really bigger now. Of course we still have our old core team (deadeye, Old Bear, Flyer, Nano19, pMaster) but also new members joined us so our team is composed of 15 active members. Since i'm Evil you can see activity level of our team members on the staff page, automaticaly based on logs *Evil grin*.
Are you always looking for new volunteers?
Of course, if someone contact us with good ideas, a professional approach of work and some free time to spare we're always happy to welcome him onboard.
Do you count on user submitted news, or does your staff comb the BI forums looking for news?
Yes we count on user submitted news, we prefer to have direct relationship with modders and addonmakers rather than just reading and posting stuff from the BI Forums. However some team members don't have the time for it so they just take what they find in the BI Forums.
How much traffic do you receive on a typical day?
Around 10000 uniques IP daily. It's not that bad considering that ArmA didn't work as well as OFP did. In order of comparison on OFP.info we got around 20000 uniques ips daily in 2005.
Do you feel there is a decline in news submitted compared to the OFP days?
Yes of course. Most hard core OFP players have been disappointed by ArmA, also a lot of talented OFP addon makers have been hired by BIS so as a result that makes less modders working for free!
Could you give us some specs on your servers & setup for ArmedAssault.info ?
We have two racked servers in a datacenter, the first one ( 2,4Ghz CPU, 1GB Ram) is used to host the website pages, pictures, databases and some hosted mods and the other (Celeron 2Ghz, 256 MB ram) is dedicated for hosting all the files you can download by FTP on armedassault.info and ofp.info. We have also a backup server in the datacenter and I have a server at home to do backups/ rsync mirroring.
How many gigabytes of addons does ArmedAssault.info have?
For ArmA there's currently 13,7 GB of files on the FTP server (66GB for OFP).
What separates your news site from others? Yours seems to be the most popular and has been for the last 6 - 7 years.
Well we do not claim that we are the best site around, we are just hard working and we let the visitors make the choice (Vox Populi)... That will sound silly but the only reason that makes a site more popular than another one is due to the hard work done on a regular basis as well as a strong team spirit. Like addonmakers would say about their mods, working on a such website looks almost like a second real life job!
Do you pay for the hosting out of your own pocket, do you accept donations or is the site run totally on money from advertising?
I pay around 800 € yearly just for the two servers in the datacenter. Of course we accept donations but people are not used to pay for something they consider free (you know that already at OFPEC). For OFP.info where we put donations, if we do not count our own team members, we got 5 donations from kind visitors, for a total of 21 €. armedassault.info advertising is variable but we can roughly get around 30 $ monthly which isn't that bad. So, as you've calculated already the site is costing us money... but you know that too at OFPEC! :P
Do you plan to stick with just news about Bohemia Interactive products or do you plan to open your news up to OFP2 from CodeMasters?
We didn't make the choice so far. If the game looks promising why not, but seeing that it will be developed for consoles too isn't a good news. Not only about gameplay but also about consoles like controls that ArmA had, probably reused from the OFP Xbox version (double key tapping, mouse controls in vehicles worse than OFP ones, etc).
If you could see Bohemia Interactive reach out to the community, what would you like to see from BI?
I'll probably receive stones but I'd like to see a mod bringing back OFP controls and gameplay into ArmA. :P
On a more realistic point, I think BIS is doing a great job concerning community, people complaining about them probably didn't see how game developers are used to work (release and forget) in the gaming industry.
How much time, if any, do you play ArmA or does your site use up most of your spare time?
I play ArmA maybe once a month, I'm waiting for mods actually (Come on FDF guys!). I spend at least 3-4 hours daily for the site or ofp/arma related stuff.
ArmAssault.info is really known for its news; if someone wants the rest of the community to know something they generally post it on armedassault.info. What other areas is armedassault.info trying to expand into?
We'd like to improve mission section but it's hard to find someone talented in mission making and having the time to test them and post them too. That would be nice to have more articles and interviews on a regular basis but that requires time too.
Did I mention that we will open our own COMREF and script library in the upcoming days...? Nah just kidding! :P
If you could improve anything in ArmA, what would it be?
Controls and gameplay, I really don't like infantry controls in ArmA. Maybe it's because I was too used to OFP... in my opinion ArmA gameplay should have been like OFP with FDF mod!
Did you buy Queens Gambit and, if so, did you like it?
Yes, to support BIS, but I didn't play it so far to be honest.
Thank you for the interview; it was nice to reminisce about OFP/ArmA history like old veterans speaking around a campfire! :)
OFPEC offers multiple RSS feeds to help you stay updated on the latest releases...
We like to keep up to date with what's happening in the Community. If you have a story to tell or an event you want to advertise, get in touch...


text:
Juan Luis Guerra, Jesse & Joy win at Latin Grammys
Latin Recording Academy President and CEO Gabriel Abaroa arrives at the 13th Annual Latin Grammy Awards at Mandalay Bay on Thursday, Nov. 15, 2012, in Las Vegas. (Photo by Brenton Ho/Powers Imagery/Invision/AP)
LAS VEGAS (AP) — Awards went to Dominican songwriter Juan Luis Guerra, Mexican brother-sister pop duo Jesse & Joy, Spanish pop singer David Bisbal and Cuban jazz trumpeter Arturo Sandoval at the 13th Annual Latin Grammys on Thursday.
Hosted by actors Cristian De La Fuente and Lucero, the ceremony attracted superstars new and old, from across the world and from every Latin musical genre.
The event was like a big, multi-generational family party, with the young sharing the spotlight with older generations. Traditional genres blended with electronica and hip-hop on stage at the Mandalay Bay Convention Center and Casino. Colombian [auth] rocker Juanes paired up with Santana, DJ trio 3ball MTY threw down beats and Pitbull rapped with dancers wearing in gold spangled bikinis and hot pants.
Mexican brother-sister pop duo Jesse & Joy won best recording of the year for "Corre!" and best music video for "Me Voy."
Guerra, who came into the ceremony as the leading nominee with six bids, won producer of the year for Juanes' album "MTV Unplugged," which is also up for album of the year. David Bisbal took home the mini-gramophone for best traditional vocal pop album.
Michel Telo, the Brazilian sertanejo or country music singer, performed with Las Vegas veterans Blue Man Group. Joy from Jesse & Joy strummed her guitar beside acrobats from Le Reve as fake snow fell on the stage.
Guerra led the race for the most awards with nominations in six categories, including record and song of the year for "En El Cielo No Hay Hospital," which brought the audience to its feet when he performed it on stage. He can only win four awards, since he is competing against himself in two categories.
If Colombian rocker Juanes wins in three of the four categories he's nominated, he will become the most decorated Latin Grammy winner, breaking the record held by Puerto Rican rappers Calle 13.
During a previous untelevised ceremony where 35 of the 47 awards were presented, jazzman Sandoval took home his sixth Latin Grammy for "Dear Diz (Every Day I Think of You)." He said it was as exciting as his first.
"The emotion is the same because one puts the same effort into each recording and the fact that the work is received well and respected by the public is a great satisfaction," he said.
Puerto Rican reggae singer Don Omar and Uruguayan alt rock group Cuarteto de Nos won two Latin Grammys each.
Oaxacan roots singer Lila Downs won best folkloric album for "Pecados y Milagros." Colombian singer Fonseca won for best tropical fusion album and Los Tucanes de Tijuana won best norteno album for "365 Dias," the narcocorrido band's 32nd album.
The Latin Grammy celebration kicked off Wednesday by presenting its person of the year award to Caetano Veloso, one of the founders of the Tropicalismo movement. The Brazilian singer, composer and activist was honored with performances by Juanes, Guerra, Nelly Furtado and Natalie Cole.
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text:
Lot 55
Ebbtide Bowl
Extra Large
"This hugely substantial bowl is in a pattern
called 'Ebbtide'. Even back in the early 2000's
when I devised this pattern, numbers were few.
Ebbtide proved to be just too difficult and
expensive a range to make in any great quantity.
These days, there are only a handful of
examples left. If you are lacking a piece of
Ebbtide in your collection, I heartily recommend
you purchase one soon. Once they are all gone,
they may well be gone for good!"
Dimensions: H 25 x W 37 x D 37 cm
Gallery Price £2600
Reserve Price £1900


text:
- {{matchup.date.fullday}}{{matchup.date.month + ' ' + matchup.date.day}}
Chicago vs Cleveland Game Final 9-0 - Gavin Floyd Earns Win
Chicago used a 3-HR day from Dan Johnson on Wednesday at Progressive Field as the White Sox defeated Cleveland 9-0 in baseball action.
Chicago was an underdog by +128 and came through for bettors backing them. The game went OVER the consensus closing total of 8.5.
Chicago got 7 innings from Gavin Floyd, who gave up 0 earned runs on 3 hits, while striking out 6. He earned the victory, while the White Sox got 5 RBIs from Dan Johnson in the win.
Cleveland's starting pitcher David Huff worked 4 2/3 innings, giving up 9 hits and 3 earned runs while striking out 2 in the loss. They got 2 hits from Jason Kipnis in a losing cause.
The battle of the bats favored Chicago as they had 16 hits, while Cleveland only had 5.


text:
Media Access Control address or MAC address, is a unique ID assigned to network adapters/cards. It is used in MAC protocol. MAC address is also called as Ethernet Hardware Address or adapter address.
This tutorial will help you find the MAC address for your ethernet and wireless cards quickly.
Find MAC address
- Open a command prompt (click Start orb > cmd and hit enter).
- Type in getmac and you will see a screen as shown below.
In the details shown in the command prompt, the number listed under Physical Address, next to \Device\Tcipip_…. is your MAC address.
If you find more than one MAC address, see the detailed method below to lookup MAC address for specific devices (like ethernet or wireless network).
Detailed lookup of MAC address
- Open a command prompt again.
- Type in ipconfig /all and hit enter.
- Several details will be listed below – you should first locate the device for which you need MAC address. Devices like ethernet LAN, wireless LAN, Bluetooth adapter are shown. For example, if you need MAC address of Wireless LAN, you should take the number next to physical address under Wireless LAN adapter.


text:
By Niluksi Koswanage
KUALA LUMPUR (Reuters) - Malaysian authorities have caned three women under Islamic laws for the first time in the Southeast Asian country, the interior minister said on Wednesday.
Home Minister Hishammuddin Hussein said the sentences were carried out on February 9 after a religious court found them guilty of having sex out of wedlock. Two of the women were whipped six times.
"It was carried out perfectly."" Hishammuddin said in a statement. "Even though the caning did not injure them (the women), they said it caused pain within them."
Hishammuddin's comments signal that the mostly Muslim country is now prepared to flog Kartika Sari Dewi Shukarno, a mother of two, for drinking beer, despite the international criticism that the case has garnered.
That case has put the multi-racial but mostly Muslim country's moderate image under scrutiny at a time when it is trying to draw in investors. Investors in New York last year asked Prime Minister Najib Razak about the Kartika case.
Malaysia has a dual-track legal system with Islamic criminal and family laws, which are applicable to Muslims, running alongside civil laws.
Hishammuddin said Kartika's case had flagged concerns about how women should be flogged and that the recent canings demonstrated that the prisons department can carry out punishments in accordance with Shariah (Islamic) law.
Under these laws, the women have to be whipped in a seated position by a female prison guard and be fully clothed. Continued...


text:
Hidden Historic Treasures by Bob Collins $9.95. This book can be purchased at http://www.amazon.com or contact the author at firstname.lastname@example.com
I came to this area of North Carolina to be with my brother, Jim who had cancer and wanted me to be near to help his wife when he died. After he passed away I decided to stay here and became interested in the history of the people who had lived here all their lives. As a writer and artist in Florida I decided to explore and photograph history that was slowly disappearing with the times, and spent many hours talking to "old timers". Family and friends convinced me to put together a book of what I was learning from the wonderful people I came to know. And so, Hidden Historic Treasures is now available.
Bob Collins, Author


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LQ Newbie
Registered: Sep 2010
Posts: 18
directory attribute caching for NFS/GlusterFS
Hi Folks,
I do hope someone can help me a little here because I have been racking my brain for a good month over this now, trying various methods I found on google but have not found anything that does what I need yet.
Basically, i have a clustered filesystem using GlusterFS.
This is ultimately going to host a very large number of files.
It is mainly used as a storage destination for backups, and historical copies of files.
Remote servers sync using unison every few minutes.
A local script will run over the whole filesystem once per hour looking for new files/folders, and files that have been updated based on their timestamp.
99% of filesystem access is browsing the directory structure, listing directory contents and checking the modification times of files. Access to the actual content of a file is minimal. Only a tiny fraction of the filesystem is actually modified from hour to hour.
GlusterFS alone is quite slow when browsing the directory structure. (ie. "ls -Rl /data") The speed of things for actually transferring file content is sufficient for my requirements.
What I need is to vastly improve performance when running operations such as "ls -Rl /data". (/data is the mount point)
I believe the best way to do this is to implement caching.
The cache options within GlusterFS are simply not sufficient here.
My first thought was to re-export the GlusterFS mount with NFS, and then mount the NFS share and set the cache on the client to a very long expiry. (like 86400 = 24 hours) It is my understanding that any change made to a file using the mount point will invalidate the cache entry for that file. (it is only mounted in one place, so no changes possible at the back end.)
I did this using the kernel based NFS server, but ran into major problems with the "Stale NFS" errors which from reading is due to a problem related to FUSE that doesnt sound like its going to be fixed soon. Aside from the Stale errors, this did provide a suitable boost in performance.
I tried the beta of GlusterFS that has the integrated NFS server (so presumably, no FUSE) but I could not get this to compile properly on our servers.
Finally, I tried using the Gluster patched version of unfs3 that uses boost to talk to Gluster instead of FUSE. Now this works, but for some reason the NFS client cache doesnt seem to cache anymore.
I am no expert by any means so please dont assume I know the innards of FUSE, etc.
One last thing that I was looking at is the possibility of running a simple cache layer in front of either GlusterFS or NFS. I believe Cache-FS is the tool for the job but I have been unable to get that to work - I believe it is disabled in my kernel or something. (mount command says cachefs is unknown)
I am running Ubuntu 8.04 on most servers, but have upgraded one to 10.04 to try and get around Kernel limitations. My servers are all 32 bit (I know, not recommended for GlusterFS) and its very difficult for me to change this. (its a live system)
Is anyone out there willing and able to try and help me figure this out. I quite simply need to add a cache for the directory structure information, and then maybe export this with NFS so that it can be mounted on a *single* server. (the cache can be on the server where it is mounted if required, but due to the large size of the cache - it may be better to have a server dedicated for the cache)
I am running GlusterFS 3.0.5 in a replicate/distribute manner.
If more information is needed on anything, please let me know. Any suggestions would be very very much appreciated. I am not one for asking for help but really have run out of idea's now.
Thanks in advance to anyone who spent the time to read this.
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Posts: 18
Original Poster
So I manually rebuilt the kernel and got FSCache working with NFS on a test box.
Seems to work a treat for files but it does not appear to cache directory structure.
(I come to this conclusion here because the cache itself is not getting any bigger when it should be caching me doing a du on the kernel source.)
Since this is a single server hosting both nfs server and client, I cannot really test actual performance - but I will tomorrow.
Idea's anyone?
PS: Since I have now established this has not broken my test box, I have the new kernel compiling on the live server - where i can actually see if its making any difference in performance. I will post my findings but not hopeful since the FSCache folder does not seem to be growing on my test box unless I actually open the contents of a file.
Last edited by James259; 09-04-2010 at
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Registered: Mar 2004
Location: NJ, USA
Distribution: Centos
Posts: 4
Hi James.
Did you get any further on this? I'm actually interested in this as well. I am currently tuning a NFS server that is re-exporting the Glusterfs storage to clients on a different network.
I don't have quite the same scenario, in that I'm not doing a lot of stat calls (though there is a stat-prefetch translator for Gluster that I haven't used yet), but I'm trying to figure out if there is some magic ratio of NFS cache to Gluster client cache on the NFS server that will give me the best performance possible.
Any ideas would be appreciated.
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Registered: Sep 2010
Posts: 18
Original Poster
Hi James,
In short, no. I eventually dumped GlusterFS. Its a fantastic idea but for me the performance was shockingly bad and the client side caching was seriously inadequate.
In their defence however, GlusterFS can be mounted on multiple hosts and under such a scenario, extensive caching would be very bad. It just so happened that in my scenario I actually wanted to use extremely heavy caching and while gluster had the translators to do this sort of thing, they were seriously limited.
If I had the time and skills I would have written/upgraded the translators to accommodate what I needed since I think the concept of the product is awesome.
I did manage to get the level of cache that i needed by re-exporting GlusterFS with NFS and then setting actimeo=<high number> when the NFS share was mounted. This did what I needed but issues relating to 'Stale NFS Handle', which are apparently an issue relating to the use of the FUSE library, made it completely useless. (you would basically end up in a situation where random files are inaccessible for random periods)
I tried avoiding using the FUSE library by using the patched unfs+booster supplied by the glusterfs team. This overcame the 'Stale NFS Handle' issues but for some reason, all caching stopped working on the NFS client when mounting a share exported with unfs. After lots and lots of reading I found something that suggested there was an issue with inode numbers being passed from a userspace nfs daemon properly and unfs uses some form of compressed path string instead, which apparently breaks the client side cache.
At this point I gave up and went back to the drawing board.
I have implemented a solution that is performing pretty well. To some people (me at least) it would also be considered a surprisingly simple solution.
What my requirements were is this:
Safe Storage (IE. 2 separate copies of data on 2 physically separate servers. mirroring across 2 disks in the same server was not good enough)
One file system to span many disks.. with the ability to add disks as required to expand available space, and also retire them without losing data.
Provide sufficient caching to accommodate my heavy file system scanning
My solution was (i think) incredibly simple. Here is what I did.
I started with two servers, each with a large matching sized hard disk partition to be used for storing data.
I used AoE (Atapi over Ethernet maybe? cant remember the exact term) to export the physical disk from each server.
I then enabled AoE on a third box which I call the master box. (basically, where the filesystem is to be mounted) By doing this, and allowing AoE to scan the network, the two exported hard disks from other servers appeared as local devices.
I then used the standard linux software raid tools (mdadm?) to make a raid 1 mirror from the two disks, which is then exported as something like /dev/md0
Then I setup LVM and used /dev/md0 as my first PV.
After getting my LV setup, I finally used ext3 filesystem and mounted the result under /data
Now, linux has standard cache functions built in for local disk access and uses up any spare ram to cache whatever it can. (think its like a first in first out job)... so, we just threw lots of RAM at the server and as a result got quite an extensive cache. (even with 1Gb of ram, it did what we wanted with the test data we had)
the rest is pretty simple.. for extending the storage space we just add two more servers with disks, raid-1 them with mdadm to make /dev/md1, get the disk marked as a LVM PV and use it to extend the LV. Then, resize2fs extends the ext3 filesystem to take up the extra space. all of this without even having to unmount the filesystem.
it is also possible using LVM to move the contents of one device to another empty device with an equal amount of space or more. this allows us to retire old servers as new ones are added where required.
I considered striping but considering the way the data we are storing is read/written and the way we are accessing it - the data gets distributed nicely across the disks anyway so we get a reasonable good striping effect.
There is no reason why you could not just export it with NFS and mount it elsewhere - on multiple systems if needed.
Obviously - one major drawback this method has compared to gluster is that this method has a single point of failure, and single point of congestion - the master box. This is exactly what I wanted in this case but might not be what you want.
Anyway, that was my epic journey. I hope it is of some use to you, or some other weary person who consumed far too much coffee trying to find a solution for something like this.
I would just like to re-iterate to anyone reading that GlusterFS is a fantastic product and while it did not quite suit me - is very much worth a good look.
They have a version of GlusterFS in beta with NFS server built in.. Might be worth a try out when its released. I tried the beta but it kept crashing in seconds for me.
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Oh, if you are looking for a file cache for the client side of your nfs mount - that FSCache is a nice bit of kit. It only appears to work on file data and does not seem to cache attribute data but if this is good for you then I strongly reccommend having a look at it.
NB: The lack of attribute caching is a limitation of the 'fsc' implementation within the standard nfs client. From what I read, FSCache itself supports attribute caching in at least 2 different ways.
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Results 1 to 2 of 2
Thread: Has anyone TTC twins?
Threaded View
25th March 2014 06:46 PM #1
- Join Date
- Mar 2014
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- Toowoomba, Australia
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Has anyone TTC twins?
I have two daughters and although my husband wants 8 kids, I don't think I could manage that many children! We have twins in the maternal side and I'm still breastfeeding, plus I'm willing to take supplements to increase fertility. Just wondering if anyone has attempted to TTC twins and succeeded?


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Tram Flap Breast Reconstruction Results
Why: Breast Reconstruction post Mastectomy. I would like to find out what type of results I shoould have expected. Have other people had this procedure using the Gummy implants? Do other people still experiance pain. What can be done to coreect the uneven appearance of my breast? Can the empty area in the upper portion of my breast/armpit area/cleavage area be filled? I have had a tram... READ MORE
Recent comments from Becca4321
Megan, I'm sorry my post wasn't meant to imply that I wasn't getting attention. I don't believe that many women were posting questions at the time I posted my questions about the tram flap procedure. I did not get any feedback at the... READ COMMENT
Yes it is painful. The day of expansion is the worst day, then tapers off. I took Tylenol #3 that worked well for me. Good luck, hope this helps. Oh and ask for the pain meds. I have noticed that most of the doctors are men, so maybe... READ COMMENT
Yes mine were painful. I took Tylenol #3 most of the time. The day of expansion usually. I didn't actually realize how painful it was till they were removed. Good luck you will get thru it. READ COMMENT
They make forms that can be filled with stuffing. then you can change the amt a bit at a time. Just make your own. two pieces of cloth and some pillow filler. READ COMMENT


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Private room
4 Guests
1 Bedroom
2 Beds
About this listing
Excellent room that can hold up to 4 occupants and includes a private bath with hot water. Includes a terrace with a beautiful scenic view of Arenal volcano.
The space
Affordable Costa Rica Hostel, accommodations for backpackers and Eco-travelers, in a totally unique ambient: 22 hectares of primary forest, jungle trails, waterfall, organic farm, Permaculture and bio-intensive vegetable gardens, lake with tilapia and ducks, free range chicken farm, and the best position to observe volcano´s activities from the lodge, with wonderful views over the valley and the lake. Part of our activities are morning and night hikes from the hostel, temezcal, Spa with different massage and treatment packages, happy people and a lot of good energy.
Restaurant serving 7am-8pm daily all vegetarian and Gourmet Demo Cuisine taught in the evening by the chef and guest participation, hiking trails, hammocks, Jacuzzi with spectacular view....
Tours with in walking distance observe the eco zoo or butterfly conservatory, the local shops and wonderful community of el castillo
Sky trek sky tram, hiking trails to volcanoes and waterfalls, the lake for kayaking, horseback riding, rafting...
Guest access
hiking trails, restaurant, common area, tea all day long, pool, parking...
Interaction with guests
we are here to serve you with love anything you may need.
Cancel up to 24 hours before your trip and get a full refund, including service fees.
50 Reviews
This host has 154 reviews for other properties.View other reviews
we like to hike and relax eat good food talk with the locals and walk the beauty way


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Factory Frequency Response
3 Attachment(s)
I finally started my install tonight and while I was in the drivers doors, I decide to check the factory frequency response for the woofer and tweeter. I will be using a 3Sixty.3 to auto normalize the factory EQ, but it only normalizes it at one volume. If the factory Amp has volume dependent EQ, then you have to compromise by accepting it, or leaving the headunit volume on one volume, and using the 3Sixty.3's remote volume knob. The good thing is, it doesn't look like there is too much volume dependent EQ work being done on the front woofer and tweeter. I haven't tested the other speakers yet, but will get around to it as i progress - I am curious about the sub.
To do the testing, I had a SNI-35 laying around and used Room EQ Wizard. I did not calibrate the db/volts of the SNI-35, so the db scale is not accurate in the images, but it is at least relative and will give you an idea of what the factory tune is. I also have not verified that the SNI-35 has a perfectly flat response from 20Hz-20kHz - it claims to.
Here is the front left woofer with the volumes at 5, 15, 20, and 25.
Attachment 20136
Here is the tweeter at 5, 15, 20, and 25
Attachment 20137
Here are the two together at volume 15. I will caveat this with a few things. The stock woofer is 2 ohms, the stock tweeter is 4.8 ohms. I have no idea what the stock amp delivers power wise to these two at their respective impedance's. This is with both using whatever the impedance of the SNI-35 is (I didn't measure).
Attachment 20138
Not sure if this helps anyone, but figured I would share. Please let me know if you have any questions.
For reference, these are 1/12 Octave with 1/12 smoothing
Re: Factory Frequency Response
3 Attachment(s)
In case anyone cares, here are a few screen shots with using the factory EQ.
Woofer at volume 15 with the Mid at -9, 0, +9
Attachment 20139
Tweeter at volume 15 with the Treb at -9, 0, +9
Attachment 20141
Woofer at volume 15 with the Bass at -9, 0
Attachment 20140
Re: Factory Frequency Response
Great Post, very informative.
Any chance if you get the data on the sub?
Best for now.:)
Re: Factory Frequency Response
2 Attachment(s)
Got around to working on the sub this morning. The good news is, it doesn't look like it does any volume dependent EQ on it either.
Sub at volume 5, 15, 20, 25
Attachment 20151
Sub at volume 15, with Bass at -9, 0, +9
Attachment 20152
Re: Factory Frequency Response
Thank you for your research.
I agree with your conclusions, it seems that the DSP is concentrating on the steering logic for surround sound and time delay. Keeping the sound as flat and natural as possible. Hooking up the 3.sixty.3 (or any processor) to the factory amp will give you the ability to fine tune the sound to your liking.
If you are using your center channel speaker, I would just plug into the processor directly and play with it from their. This way you can establish your midrange balance for the vocals & etc.
One last question, out of curiosity, were you able to zero in with the actual factory crossover points with your software. I was looking for sub and front woofer points.
Best for now.:)
Re: Factory Frequency Response
1 Attachment(s)
Yes, I wass planning on running the center and just using it directly as is through the 3Sixty.3. I was going plot that as well. I wanted to play a bit more to see if I can figure out what it is doing for the center channel, and if it screws with the left and right channels either. I also was going to see if I could try and determine factory time delay (if any) with some impulses, but I haven't looked in to it enough.
Wonder if the Center is just R-L so everything true left and right doesn't end up at center or if something else is going on. I'll play with center when I get a chance and use left and right channel source outputs to see what effect it has on center.
I can't actually tell the crossover point, and can only take a guess since there seems to be some factory EQ at the points I would guess, making it not be a perfect slope.
If I had to guess, I would say the Tweeter is a 5kHz HPF with 6db slope with some factory EQ between 2-4kHz - though I noticed the factory tweeter also has a cap on it, so I'm not sure if that is doing more.
The door woofer seems to be band passed between 33Hz and the higher end is a little harder to tell. Somewhere between 500Hz and 2kHz it starts to roll off, but with the factory EQ, I wouldn't want to try and guess anything more specific. It also appears to be a 6db. It seem to be a fairly low crossover point for the low pass side (500-2khz), and a fairly low point for the high pass side (34Hz).
Guessing that they counted on the tweeter and woofer summing to fill in the gaps. There would almost need to be some time delay for this to have any chance of working.
Also guessing they have the door woofers playing so low to make up for the sub.
It's interesting that the sub seems to have a very high peak around 28Hz, and almost immediately rolls off.
Here are all three on the same chart
Attachment 20159
Re: Factory Frequency Response
Again, excellent work on your part to take your time and provide the analysis to the WK2 community.
Basically, the center channel is coming from a 2 channel source within the DSP's internal input/output mixer (no user access). The sound engineer programing the Eurphony will take any were from 40-60 percent of the L-R signal and assigned it to the center. Then the next step of course is the steering logic, delay, eq and any crossover points to blend in the front stage.
The Arc Audio PS-8 processor in the advanced mode allows you to create your own surround sound environment. With the 3.sixty.3 you can adjust to your liking except for the blend and the steering logic. My feeling is that the blend of the center is perfect for the JGC, 50 or less thus allowing the windshield to spread the sound image.
The combination of the sub and front woofer, according to your findings is what I expected. It looks like Chrysler gave Alpine a stupid specification and in order to make it work, Alpine had to go this route. The cap on the tweeter may be their to control the midrange frequencies and to prevent it from overloading.
I am now wondering if the full range rear door is designed more for the midrange punch that is laking up front instead of a traditional side channel in a 7.1 system.
Are you going to sum the sub, front woofer and tweeter? That is going to be my plan if I keep the factory amp in the loop. The center and the rear pillar will be going direct into the processor. The rear door will stay on the factory amp's dsp then routed into the aftermarket amp.
Keep the data flowing and best for now.:)
Re: Factory Frequency Response
After seeing these results, I will most likely be summing the tweeter, door woofer, and maybe sub. I wasn't expecting the sub channel to roll off at such a low frequency - if it played level up to 80Hz, I would have just used it without adding it to the summing mix. Anyone using just the factory sub channel without some major EQ work would be missing quite a bit of the low end frequencies. If they don't have the EQ power to do it or a processor to sum all of the channels, the front door woofer seems to be a better channel to grab from. At least it is much flatter to 30Hz.
The one thing I have always been curious about with summing is the negative consequences of factory time alignment. If the front tweeter , woofer, and sub all have different time alignment - I wonder what this does do the audio when summed. Technically I know what it does - it just sums all of the audio as it arrives, but I wonder how much this screws with the sounds since everything will be out of alignment. Obviously the greater the delay between channels when summing, the more effect on the way it sounds. I know the 3Sixty.3 can add time alignment, but this is on the output side after already summed, not the input side.
If the factory timing messes up summing, I may not even include the sub when summing, as it will be much further out of alignment than the front tweeter and woofer (which will have more delay).
The front woofer frequency playing down to 30Hz and with some EQ work between 20-30Hz, will be plenty for the 10 inch sub. I can then delay the sub output with the 3Sixty.
Re: Factory Frequency Response
I always recommend to sum the sub, front woofer and tweeter in a factory system that uses a surround system. They always play with something and in order to get that fresh signal, thus, the summing.
After I sum, each of those 5 signals are going into their own input in order to get them processed for the new output. I will lose the 7.1 after the sum which will then become a 7.0. In music, this really does not matter that much. And with the delay on the sub, I can adjust the the effect and bring in back into alignment to suite my taste.
Once again, thank your for your efforts and keep us post with the results.
Best for now.:)
Keep up the good work.
Re: Factory Frequency Response
2 Attachment(s)
I measured the center today.
Center at volume 15 with top line being both channels played (full stereo sound), bottom line being only 1 channel played. So... even at full left or right, a good portion of audio is still going to center.
Attachment 20234
Since the door woofer is also two ohms, I included it in this one since output to the same resistance should be relative (neglecting speaker sensitivity differences between the two)
Attachment 20235
Re: Factory Frequency Response
Was this the front door?
Best for now.:)
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Location: Mycotoxin Prevention and Applied Microbiology ResearchTitle: The ARS (NRRL) Culture Collection – An Important Resource for the Scientific Community Author
|Labeda, David
Submitted to: Meeting Abstract
Publication Type: Abstract Only
Publication Acceptance Date: 9/7/2012
Publication Date: 9/7/2012
Citation: Labeda, D.P. 2012. The ARS (NRRL) Culture Collection – An Important Resource for the Scientific Community. Meeting Abstract. Interpretive Summary:
Technical Abstract: The ARS Culture Collection, also known as the NRRL Culture Collection, is one of the largest public collections of microbial germplasm in the world and an internationally recognized center of expertise for the systematics, taxonomy, and biology of various groups of microorganisms. Begun in 1940 with the opening of the Northern Regional Research Laboratory, the holdings now include over 70,000 strains of fungi and more than 21,000 strains of bacteria. In addition, the ARS Patent Culture Collection, created in 1949, contains an additional 6,100 strains, many of which were deposited under the Budapest Treaty in association with patent applications in the United States and any of the 77 other countries that are contracting parties of this microbial patent deposition treaty. The focus of the collection has changed over the years and currently is supporting specific priority ARS research areas, including food safety and crop production The collection distributed approximately 6,100 strains in the last 12 months to customers within the US and throughout the world and has had a tremendous impact on microbiological research and innovation as evidenced by the fact that strains from this collection have been cited in 2,681 publications and 1,925 patent applications in the last 4 years. Public access to the collection is through the online catalog available on the collection website at http://nrrl.ncaur.usda.gov which currently contains records for about 13,000 strains. The current collection database management system, including the website, runs on the Linux operating system and has continually evolved since it first was deployed in 2002 to improve collection operations. Inventory management modules were developed for both lyophilized preparations and those maintained as frozen stocks in liquid nitrogen so that this function could be centralized and address biosecurity concerns. More recently a strain request shopping cart module and strain request processing system were developed and deployed in 2010, enabling collection customers to request strains online through the website for the first time. These improvements in collection data management greatly facilitated the realignment of the various taxonomic collections, each of which had its own management and operation models, into a unified collection management model in which daily operations, including strain accessions and requests, have been standardized and are handled by a collection manager and support staff under the direction of the Research Leader for the Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens and Mycology Research Unit. The ARS Culture Collection benefits significantly from direct connections to five active research laboratories, directed by internationally recognized scientists whose research continuously generates new data and novel germplasm, and whose expertise adds tremendous knowledge and value to the collection.


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Hey community – I don't frequent the forums so much these days, for that I apologize.
I wanted to reach out as Envato don't seem to be taking the issue too seriously and I think it's important to uphold the community spirit and level of professionalism we have going on here, after all we are all trying to make a mark in the world and sell stuff to make a living.
I have noticed lately a troubling trend – to name your item "almost" the same as some other item created by a different author – simply adding a different tagline after the name, or "ify" etc at the end is just not good practice. I understand the benefits that come from this and find it rather under-handed.
After all it's not hard to name an item – I mean we can even just "make them up" – they could be single words for goodness sake.
So, my request is please do the same as we do before completing an item for upload, double check no other item (regardless of category) does not share the same name as your upload – just search here, if nothing found, then you are good to go – if there is, it would be far more professional to simply rename the item a little (not adding just extra words after the copied name).
I know I am not the only one who has noticed this, but I am sure this is news to most authors – just be aware how this could go in a few short months if we don't stamp it out now – you could be next.
Thanks all!
PS. This is NOT an attack on any individual, this is purely a public awareness message
When im ready to sell onThemeForest i will make sure i name my themes special and unique! Thanks for this tip.
/Everyone rushes to the product listing to find out if Jonathan's talking about them, lol
Good points, but with nearly a half million products, this was just an inevitability. I know it's happened to me. I sure as heck hope I've not done it to someone else… but short of running a healthy search on the product listing (which I'd like to think most people do), this one is tough to navigate. Tougher still if you're avoiding all theme names in existence (even those out of network). Tougher still if you're including all tech related products…
Still, ideals are ideals for a reason… and this one is definitely worth paying attention to.
+1 for some sort of "this name is too similar" flag during the upload process though… I'm not even sure if that's possible, but it'd be a step in the right direction as this problem certainly isn't going away.
OK, I'll stop already. Geez. I just have a lot of trouble coming up with original ideas especially with theme names. I use a special tool I built called "ThemeForest Name Spinner" that randomly generates names by adding "ist", "ify", "ful", "ing" and a handful of other suffixes to the ends of random top sellers. I'm sorry.
This coming from the guy that named a theme "Hallowinning". You only did that because you knew I was about to release my "Hallowin" theme so you tacked on an "ning" and uploaded yours first. That's just wrong.
Ok, kidding aside. I think you make a good point. If authors are intentionally mimicng names, I can only imagine their work is also quite "inspired" but I do think that a quick search to ensure the name is not in use is a good practice.
I accidentally named a theme after a WP plugin I didn't know about. It was killing me when I discovered it because I came up with the name 6 months before I created the theme then, after a few months of development I decided to do a search, the night before uploading, and found a WP plugin by the same name. I was too invested at that point to change it but felt pretty dumb for not checking sooner.
I've done this with all of my theme names..
To tell you the truth, I've got about 5 themes prepared which I have a release schedule for. So I'm really sorry if anyone has taken my theme names before I release.


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Offer is subject to change. Does not apply to sale items.
From the Artist
- Tell us a bit about this design and what is the message or meaning you're trying to convey.
- For this design I was inspired by video games. Specifically old school games. I chose a game I think everyone knows and just played with the title to visualize it in a literal way.
- Who are you?
- Hi I'm Cedric, I'm currently graphic designer in Belgium. In my spare time I like to work on creative projects using a variety of materials and tools. I like to learn independently, trying to materialize my ideas on different media.
- Any shout outs?
- They're coming !


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VANCOUVER, B.C. – Vancouver Whitecaps Designated Player Kenny Miller wants to stay in town, but he's not so sure a deal will get done.
With his contract up at the end of June, on Thursday the Scotsman made perhaps his most forward public calls for an extension while hinting he isn't feeling all that optimistic about his chances at continuing his time in Vancouver.
"No, we're not, to be honest," Miller told TEAM 1040 radio Thursday morning when asked if both sides were talking about a deal. "I've had a relationship with the manager Carl [Robinson] for a long time now. We both played with each other 14 years ago back at Wolves. We've stayed friends all that time, and we've got a close relationship.
"We've kind of touched on a few things, but in terms of any kind of negotiating or talks about moving it forward at all, then no, we've not been talking."
When asked if he felt confident about the two sides agreeing to an extension, Miller, perhaps a bit exasperated given the repeated questioning on the topic over the past couple of months, suggested given the lack of movement on a deal, it was difficult to be optimistic over a possible deal.
"To be honest, no, at the moment," Miller said. "Because I know the way the MLS works. I've spoke about it with a few other players who, come the end of the season, there's that kind of period, that cooling off period, between when the season ends and decisions are made, whether they pick players options up or whether they extend deals and things, so I know how things work in MLS.
"But, for me, it's a strange situation to find yourself in when you've got – I'm pretty much sitting with just over two months left on my current contract. Anywhere else I've been, all my career to be honest, that's 17, 18 years I've been playing, anywhere else I've been, when you get to this stage, you've decided, 1) You're either moving on, and you're going to sign for someone else. Or, 2) You've at least been in discussions with the club."
The 34-year-old went on to say he's not getting too caught up with the circumstances and understands things work a little differently in MLS.
- Get the latest news at WhitecapsFC.com
As for the Whitecaps, despite the lack of talks, Robinson insists he'd like to keep Miller around if the parties can agree on the financial side of things.
"I'm in regular communication with Kenny, as I am with all my other players on a daily basis," Robinson said following a training session at the University of British Columbia on Thursday. "Obviously, I know that it's coming to – I wouldn't say an end – I would say a close because his contract his up.
"A decision needs to be made, but as I say, the communication won't stop between me and Kenny and the club. We'll try to resolve it one way or the other."
Martin MacMahon covers the Vancouver Whitecaps for MLSsoccer.com.


text:
Latest Weather Blog
Fiery natural gas leak caused problems Monday
BATON ROUGE - After a day of dealing with issues, crews were finally able to open Stanford Avenue and two other streets near the lake Monday night.
Construction crews doing work in the area hit a natural gas line, causing a leak and a fire at a nearby pump station. Two homes in the area were evacuated after the incident Monday morning.
The line leaked under Stanford Avenue, causing the road to buckle.
For most of the day, Stanford Avenue, West Lakeshore and LSU Avenue were closed. All had opened by 10 p.m.
The company responsible for the mess will have to pay for repairs and damages, authorities said.


text:
Offer is subject to change. Does not apply to sale items.
From the Artist
- Tell us a bit about this design and what is the message or meaning you're trying to convey.
- A crest celebrating gaming history.
- Who are you?
- I am a freelance graphic designer and illustrator from Saint Louis, MO.
- Any shout outs?
- Check out my new work @ http://www.facebook.com/jonathanbergerdesign


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Rains Ease in Australia, As Country Begins Recovery From Floods
Military planes are flying food and other supplies toward the areas hit hardest by floods in Australia today and police are increasing patrols in evacuated regions amid reports of looting, reports The Associated Press.
According to the AP, floodwaters covering an area the size of France and Germany combined are draining slowly toward the country's northeastern coast. Rivers are overflowing and inundating at least 22 towns and cities in the farming region.
State authorities tell The Associated Press that at least 200,000 people have been affected by the floods and Prime Minister Julia Gillard is extending emergency relief to those affected. This includes low interest loans to famers to being cleaning up and getting their businesses running again, reports the AP.
"This is a major natural disaster, and recovery will take a significant amount of time," Gillard said in a statement.
According to the AP, in Rockhampton, a coastal city of about 75,000 people, waters from the still-swelling Fitzroy River closed the airport and cut the main highway leading to the state capital of Brisbane. Scores of families abandoned their homes for relief centers set up on high ground, reports the AP.
The AP reports that the rains that triggered the flooding are ceasing, and water levels are dropping in some towns. But officials say at least 1,000 people were living in evacuation centers across Queensland, and it may be a month before the floodwaters dry up completely.


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text:
In June of 2005, he had his last concussion; six months later, he had a seizure. His doctor said the seizure may have been caused by that final concussion.
"I'd probably change a few things if I knew more about the potential consequences of concussions, like how aggressively I played," said Mr. Lepper, who takes medication for seizures. "You can't put yourself in a bubble; you have to kind of accept potential consequences."
Indeed, Mr. Lepper, a sales representative, is keen for his three-year-old son, Luke, to get into the game when he is ready.
Paul Comper, a neuropsychologist and researcher at Toronto Rehab, has seen parents who want advice about whether to pull their children, who have suffered concussions, out of sports.
"My job is to advise that there may be implications cognitively," Dr. Comper said. "It could produce problems emotionally and psychologically because we know there's a propensity for emotional and psychological difficulties following concussion such as depression, personality changes and irritability."
Still, more often than not, parents decide to forge ahead, particularly if there is only one concussion and there has been a full recovery, such as the case with Samantha Yurechuk.
"I feel fine now," said Samantha, hours before her Thursday night practice. "I was so lightheaded; I couldn't get up and walk around too much."
She followed doctors' orders, taking a week off the ice and waiting until she was symptom-free during activity before returning to play.
Others have had much longer periods away from the ice, suggesting that her concussion is far more mild.
Her mother, Judy Yurechuk, sees the concussion as an accident - it was two teammates crashing into one other - and it's the only injury her daughter has suffered in a decade of playing hockey.
But she does have an issue with her daughter snowboarding without a helmet, the wearing of which is apparently deemed uncool by the teenage set.
"I have more fear of her injuring herself that way," Ms. Yurechuk said.Report Typo/Error