text:
- Title
Self[hyphen]regulation in the information and communication industries
- Database
Senate Committees
- Date
- Source
- Parl No.
- Committee Name
- Page
- Place
- Questioner
Senator HARRADINE
Senator QUIRKE
Senator CALVERT
- Reference
Self-regulation in the information and communication industries
- Responder
Mr Marzbani
- Status
- System Id
- Committee front matter
- Committee witnesses
Mr Branigan
Mr Meakin
Senator HARRADINE
Ms Block
Ms Oddie
Ms Rothery
Senator CALVERT
Mr O'Brien
Mr Manning
Senator QUIRKE
Mr Rudd
- Committee witnesses
Senator CALVERT
Senator HARRADINE
Mr Carroll
Mr Buschman
Senator QUIRKE
- Committee witnesses
Senator CALVERT
Mr Fist
Senator QUIRKE
- Committee witnesses
Senator CALVERT
Senator HARRADINE
Mr Waters
Mr Dixon
Senator QUIRKE
- Committee witnesses
Senator CALVERT
Senator HARRADINE
Mr Harvey
Senator QUIRKE
- Committee witnesses
Senator CALVERT
Mr Krishnapillai
Senator QUIRKE
- Committee witnesses
Senator CALVERT
Senator HARRADINE
Prof. Pearson
Senator QUIRKE
- Committee witnesses
Senator CALVERT
Senator HARRADINE
Mr Marzbani
Senator QUIRKE
Self[hyphen]regulation in the information and communication industries
CHAIR —I welcome Mr Ramin Marzbani from www.consult. The committee prefers all evidence to be given in public, but you may at any time request that your evidence, part of your evidence or answers to specific questions be given in camera, which means in private, and the committee will consider any such request. As you have no written submission, I now invite you to speak to the committee. At the conclusion of your remarks we will ask you questions.
Mr Marzbani —That is perfect. There is a number of issues that we would like to raise for consideration by the committee with regards to the Internet and the whole concept of self-regulation, particularly in the area of privacy in general. Firstly, I guess you have probably heard this a million times, but it is likely that the problems and issues that we have associated with privacy are not just associated with information technology but they are associated primarily with procedural and educational issues of how information is handled as well as accidents.
Information technologies generally tend to increase the speed of replication and of removal. They improve the ability to match disparate pieces of information that may deal with personal or confidential data. They tend to increase the ability to archive and retrieve the data components and so on. The evolution of the Internet into a reasonably large-scale communication and transaction environments creates additional opportunities for the collection of data and for the association of personal data with behavioural data and it increases matching of data across different databases. Telecommunications costs being lower actually allow faster and cheaper transmission of data. Finally, we also have the hacking or unlawful removal, replication or alteration of data affecting personal data and private data. That is the first point.
The second point we would like to make is that, with regards to industry codes of conduct, it is obvious that different industries are better suited to the application of self-regulation. Whilst this does not imply that regulation may be better suited for certain industries, a brief analysis of the current Internet industry and codes may shed some insight. We put forward that there is currently no such thing as the Internet industry. The Internet itself and the various applications within the Internet touch nearly every existing industry, but do so in different ways. There is, however, a clearly defined Internet service provision or Internet access provision industry in Australia, currently consisting of some 632 organisations, which is actually a very large number that keeps increasing. Most of them are very small organisations.
Very few of Internet service providers are represented by the Internet Industry Association, the IIA, which was previously known as the Internet Industry Association of Australia, INTIA. I would like to state that we are members of both of these. We were one of the first members of the Internet Industry Association, which subsequently merged with the Australian Internet Alliance, which may or may not have been formally set up as an association. This is relevant because, although the IIA represents most but not all of the larger Internet
service providers, it really does not represent any or many of the smaller providers out there at all. It is not a representative industry body even for Internet service providers.
The IIA has extended its political reach significantly over the past year and is now looking to potentially represent a broader range of constituents, although it has been on many occasions criticised for being slow, for being a closed shop, for not communicating with its members and for carrying out too many government discussions without soliciting input from, or providing feedback to, its members. It is a little like a very small club that started. A few people have been there and they are basically going to be perpetually there more or less.
So the issue becomes one of which industry association should it be for a code of conduct and, if we have a code of conduct, which issues should it cover. The current code of conduct within the IIA that has been put forward—and it has now basically been two years in the development, which actually tells you something about the organisation itself—does not really cater to business issues and business privacy. For example, it is my understanding of the current code of conduct that I as a business get no protection. So people could be looking at my Internet and e-mail without my having any protection under the proposed code of conduct. I put to you that that is a deficiency.
Would this approach effectively force companies to become members of one particular industry association? If basically we go forward and we say, `This is the industry code and everyone has to be a member', does that mean that we have to have 600 of these Internet service providers, who have chosen not to become members of the IIA, become members? I put to you that that may or may not be appropriate and that may or may not reflect the sentiments within the marketplace.
Thirdly, with regards to concerns over privacy and the Internet, our last research report was based on 10,500 Australian Internet users—this is not households, this is actual users—in November to December 1997. What it indicated was that concerns over privacy have always been a major issue. Thirteen per cent of Internet users out there in Australia today have said that privacy is their biggest issue. This is a little bit behind response times at 21 per cent and the cost of Internet access, also around 21 per cent. Those are the first two issues.
Security of financial transactions and privacy are pretty much on par. Security of financial transactions sits at 16 per cent. Things like junk e-mail are a much smaller concern at about six per cent. Concern with indecent material is regarded as an even smaller concern at about four per cent. So, when you ask them, `What are your concerns?', they are saying it is response times, it is the cost of Internet access, it is privacy and security. Security certainly has always been in there. In fact, it is one of the top three or four concerns for enterprises as well.
We are effectively going through the same issues we went through with the introduction of call monitoring on telephones, where management chooses to monitor telephone calls, for example, to see that people are not abusing the system. I would put to you that there is currently a significant amount of abuse of corporate resources with the use of Internet for e-mail and other types of activity. Privacy protection is likely to become an even greater
concern for the more experienced users as information about them and what they have done becomes more widely distributed.
Finally, with regard to views on censorship from the same survey, seven per cent of Internet users said that they felt the government should be censoring the Internet, but the majority, 63 per cent, believe that parents should be responsible for the monitoring and management of their children's access to the Internet, and 26 per cent believe that no-one should censor the Internet. Also, three per cent did not care about the issue at all. There is currently a great deal of danger associated with government censorship of the Internet, because the nature of the technologies is changing rapidly. Whilst it may appear simple to say that we will put in place the same laws that protect and provide standards for the community in other types of content, it may actually be unworkable because of the technological issues associated with this.
There is also some concern over various suppliers of blocking software with hidden political and social agendas who may actually be blocking sites other than, let us say, sexually explicit sites. They may be political sites, they may be human rights sites and so on. Also, there are currently several suppliers of commercial services who are competing in the market place for `safe children's access', who continue to innovate and develop services. They are competing in the marketplace for the attention of consumers and parents for the provision of these services. It is possible that government intervention may in fact hinder the development of competitive services which different parents may associate with or want to be associated with in terms of values and blocking. That is my written statement, so I am open to questions.
Senator HARRADINE —I was interested in your last comments. Do you think public policy should be determined by the business users of Internet?
Mr Marzbani —Policy with regard to?
Senator HARRADINE —With regard to the question of extremely violent or pornographic material coming across the Internet. Do you think that should be determined by business interests?
Mr Marzbani —No.
Senator HARRADINE —It is business interests, isn't it, that are the content providers?
Mr Marzbani —Yes. I would put to you that a lot of the content providers are commercial business interests.
Senator HARRADINE —And the server that you were talking about included business interests?
Mr Marzbani —This was actually a survey of Internet users at large. It was people primarily accessing the Internet from home as consumers not as business people or as representatives of content providers.
Senator HARRADINE —How many of those had actually found that children were accessing material of the nature that I described?
Mr Marzbani —We did not ask that question. However, we can give you the age profile of the people who answered the survey. The bulk of the users were aged around 30. The median age was around 35 and the bulk of them were between 20 and 40 years of age. They were a little older than you would have expected. However, that is a representation of current Internet users in Australia.
Senator HARRADINE —Does your organisation maintain there should be no regulation which covers the Internet so far as material of the nature that I have mentioned is concerned?
Mr Marzbani —There are two things here. One was what our research found, and our research is highly independent. We provide about 102 different streams of research out there. We are not affiliated with any content providers or other businesses out there.
In the issue of policy, with regard to the censorship of material on the Internet, what we have put forward as an organisation is that practically speaking the technologies are going to continue to change. It will be very difficult to put in place a technologically robust framework for censorship. We also have a survey of people who are not using the Internet, and the bulk of them are saying that parents should be responsible for this activity.
We also carried out a survey amongst the non-users of the Internet in June of last year and we are carrying one out again in June of this year. Of 1,400 households, less than 15 per cent believed that the government should be censoring the Internet for them. The bulk of them, which is 85 per cent, believed that either the parent should censor or no-one should censor or they did not care enough about the issue to comment. All I am putting forward is the views that we have found from research. This is research that is primarily aimed at understanding other types of behaviour, such as shopping amongst Internet users, their favourite web sites, their age, their income and so on. It is actually not targeted research at determining this issue, but we did ask these questions.
Senator HARRADINE —I imagine a large number of Internet users would be probably against the establishment of some technological response to the avoidance of sales tax, for example, on e-commerce.
Mr Marzbani —We did not ask that question, so I cannot really comment.
Senator HARRADINE —That is a type of censorship, is it not?
Mr Marzbani —Let me tell you what I do know. There are a lot of people who buy books on the Internet not because they want to avoid paying a higher price in Australia but because they get a broader selection of books and they find it more convenient to order from overseas, even though in many cases it is more expensive to order from overseas. I also know that there are a lot of people who order CD music over the Internet primarily because it is cheaper to do that than to buy it locally.
Senator HARRADINE —Do you believe that trend will continue?
Mr Marzbani —Yes, I believe that trend will continue.
Senator HARRADINE —Have you made any submission to the Senate Legal and Constitutional Legislation Committee that is considering the question of CDs?
Mr Marzbani —We did not make any submissions to that committee. However, we did make a submission to the Joint Committee of Public Accounts and Audit.
Senator HARRADINE —On the taxation matter.
Mr Marzbani —Correct. We provided them with some feedback. The numbers are still very small. All in all, last calendar year, there were only 500,000 transactions carried out on-line by Australians, representing about $55 million worth of goods.
Senator QUIRKE —It would make a GST rather less than attractive, would it not?
Mr Marzbani —It would depend on how it was implemented and where it was charged. Whilst the Internet does provide for some leakage, you would probably find that the Tax Office would regard that leakage—and I am not speaking on their behalf but I have heard comments to this effect—to be relatively small in terms of people ordering products from overseas.
Senator HARRADINE —You mentioned that the problem with a technological response is that it could affect certain sites which contain important human rights information and political opinion. How would that happen?
Mr Marzbani —For example, there is a documented case of one of Cyber Patrol or Nanny Sitter or whatever—one of the blocking products in the US—which does block out a large quantity of political sites in terms of the American way of doing it, democratic sites. It is a very pro-republican type of software. If schools and other organisations were to implement that software that could always have some impact on the educational processes of people trying to use the Internet. I think we would regard that as being a bad thing.
Senator HARRADINE —Even though material such as hard-core porn or extremely violent material from a particular source was thereby made available to persons in educational institutions, schools and the home environment?
Mr Marzbani —I would put to you that, today, there is no software that completely blocks out the content that you may describe as undesirable. It may block out some or a lot of it but it will not block all of it out. I would also put to you that blocking software does not in and of itself—and I do not mean to sound cynical—create this undesirable product, content, material, photograph or whatever it may be. This product exists out there both on the Internet and off the Internet. In fact, nearly all of this product is created off the Internet and also as a secondary application posted onto the Internet.
All we are saying is that you can have a technological response; it will not be perfect and it will not be complete. It may have some impact. But you have to be careful to make sure you are not blocking out other things and you have to understand that it will not be complete. We have an office in Singapore. Singapore has had a reasonably strong policy for a long time with regard to censorship and I can tell you for sure that it does not work. It is very possible to get access to pornographic material from the Internet in Singapore. In fact, the policy only extends to consumers and not to businesses looking to connect themselves to the Internet. Even then, access to this content is there all the time.
Senator HARRADINE —There is a matter of public policy though, is there not, for example for computer games? Computer games are unavailable for sale or hire in Australia if they are the equivalent of R or X material, which are the extremes of violence and hard-core porn. They are unavailable for use on a computer, but if you go into the Internet they are available there. Is there not some discrepancy in the area of public policy there if some attempt is not made to deal with that new challenge, as it were?
Mr Marzbani —I will put to you again two things. One is in terms of ordering of the product. You can certainly order them over the Internet, just as you could order them from mail order or catalogues.
Senator HARRADINE —You can download them.
Mr Marzbani —But you can also purchase them while you are overseas on a trip or you can telephone your friends and ask them to send it over. I am not sure, and I guess this is my question: can you buy similar product in the Australian Capital Territory or in the Northern Territory?
Senator HARRADINE —No. It is quite certain that this material is not available for hire. We are talking about interactive computer games.
Mr Marzbani —Would pornographic and X-rated videos be available for purchase from the Australian Capital Territory?
Senator HARRADINE —I am not talking about videos I am talking about computer games. That is why I used the example.
Mr Marzbani —You were probing for a consistency. My understanding is yes, there are computer games that are pornographic in nature which can be accessed over the Internet. At the same time, most of these things are extremely slow and most users would probably regard them as a waste of time. Do they exist? Yes, but in the same way I am sure that they exist in CD format in the black market right here in Sydney. In terms of availability, the real issue is you are not fundamentally changing the availability of content or people's access to it. You might be changing the degree of ease with which someone could see this or order it, but I think that is about all. You can always order seemingly benign catalogues that would contain some of these products you just mentioned amongst the 10,000 titles they may have, and you can write away for magazines and newspapers and similarly get access to them. This issue is very difficult.
I go back to the main point we were trying to make, that a technological response is unlikely to be completely successful and will be open to ridicule by people saying this has not worked. It is too early right now for a technological response because the standards and formats and everything is changing as we speak. This is one of the most rapidly changing industries we have ever seen. What we were pointing out was that the danger with the timing of a decision is tough. We were pointing out that there is no real industry association that is representing the Internet industry because the Internet industry fundamentally does not exist. Even within the ISP industry, the industry association is going to have a tough time convincing 600 ISPs that it is representing their interests because it is not.
Senator HARRADINE —So you are not likely to get a voluntary code of practice from the Internet industry?
Mr Marzbani —No. I will put one thing forward to you. At the Joint Committee of Public Accounts the issue was raised. One of the largest on-line publishers in Australia, which is Village Roadshow—again, I am not speaking on their behalf, merely commenting on things I have heard them say—has not been involved in any of the discussions in relation to the tagging or the classification of content. They are one of the absolute largest organisations out there doing this stuff today. The process that we have gone through within the `industry' has been highly flawed, has not been representative. It has been exclusionary and, as such, it is destined to fail as we move forward to try and build consensus.
The only way it has a chance of coming near to success is if people are bullied into it through joining an industry association through the threat of, `Join this or you will be sued' type of thing, or `You will not be covered by any of this legislation.' That may have been the intent of the legislation—I am not sure—but I do not think it was the intent of the legislation to promote one industry association over another. The publishers industry association has a lot of work to do because fundamentally they are Australian publishers. The Internet service provider industry also has a lot of work to do.
Senator CALVERT —I think you indicated that it is not possible to regulate the industry, so anything has to be done by self-regulation?
Mr Marzbani —I believe that, with the rapid change in technology today, it will have to be reputational effects and the larger industry players or the more reputable industry players trying to actually stake out their positions that will drive most of the activity. It is far too early for regulation in this arena.
Senator CALVERT —With the rapid increase in technology, do you believe it will be possible to have censoring the Internet? In other words, if people are over a certain age, will they be able to access programs by using PIN numbers and the like?
Mr Marzbani —It will never be perfect. However, we have heard of certain companies introducing services which are replicas or components of the Internet or the World Wide Web and which can be accessed. Almost everything within that network is known to certain people and has passed a certain degree of certification. The only real way to block it is to actually block universal access.
Senator CALVERT —So you cannot block specific areas?
Mr Marzbani —You can block specific areas by blocking certain IP addresses or certain telephone numbers, but you can always call another number and be forwarded to another number. Telephone numbers can change very quickly on the Internet.
Senator CALVERT —Do you think there will be self-regulation or, as the Chair called it, icons where people will have a standard? To be a reputable provider of services, they would have this particular icon or stamp that appears on their programs that guarantees to you, when you are using it, that it is of high quality?
CHAIR —That it is family friendly.
Mr Marzbani —I am sure there will be several versions of that, just as there are in terms of electronic commerce. There are trustee and e-trust types of marks. If you are a young, under-age person looking for violent pornographic material, you may not be interested in any programs that have that mark. If you have your parents looking over your shoulder, however, and you are really leaving the censorship up to them, they might be able to say, `As long as every page has one of these marks, I am happy. You can keep looking.'
CHAIR —But my point is that that would be a marketing tool of a service provider. A service provider would advertise their wares at a computer shop, say, and the parents would have that software loaded onto their system so that only the programs that that particular service provider make available would be available to that family's database.
Mr Marzbani —That is correct. That is available today. For example, there are service providers in Western Australia that aggressively market that service. That is different to the question that Senator Harradine asked earlier. I understood it to be slightly different. I think it will come up to the service providers who are going to compete with each other and companies that develop blocking software and technologies and marking systems and rating systems to compete with each other. I think there is still a lot of competition to be had until we get good solutions being developed and being commercialised for use.
CHAIR —How far away do you think that is?
Mr Marzbani —I think we are about two years away from that.
Senator CALVERT —Currently, there is no way that anybody could censor Internet programs.
Mr Marzbani —There is. Currently, there are at least 12 manufacturers of blocking software that can be installed on a personal computer on a browser that will block the common pornographic sites. That is available today. For example, they may be blocking Playboy in the US, but they are not blocking the new Playboy site in Hungary, or they may not be blocking the Playboy mirror site created by a 16-year-old, a 35-year-old or an 80-year-old somewhere else.
Senator CALVERT
—Somebody might be blocking how to make a bomb.
Mr Marzbani —Correct.
CHAIR —In America, but not in Great Britain.
Mr Marzbani —Yes.
CHAIR —It all moves so fast, doesn't it?
Mr Marzbani —Yes. Trying to coordinate this across boundaries and across different jurisdictions is, again, a very difficult issue. I understand that the United States Constitution is very active in terms of freedom of speech, although there is no similar provision in the Australian Constitution. It becomes a very tough call if, at the end of the day, you have to go along with what is happening in the US which is the centre of development of all technologies and the bulk of the content.
Senator CALVERT —In the survey that you did, what was the major concern that surfaced?
Mr Marzbani —The major concerns were actually response times and the cost of Internet access. What we are finding is that, if you break out the different subgroups and you segment the database to look at different groups, there are several groups. We have people, for example, who have not done any on-line shopping and thought they were unlikely to do so. Privacy was almost the No. 1 concern for them, at about 20 per cent. People who had done on-line shopping several times were still concerned about privacy, but it was not as big a deal because they were more experienced and they had done more of that.
Internet users are still saying this is too slow and it is too expensive. One almost automatic safeguard is that, if parents see the telephone bills and the Internet bills are very high, then obviously they know that something is going on. If they see their kids awake at 4 o'clock in the morning they might also figure out there is something going on.
There is no question that, for example, adolescent males will use the Internet to search pornography. Pornography is an extremely popular type of content. However, I will put to you that it is actually more content with 35-year-olds than it is with 15-year-olds today. There are more 35-year-olds looking at pornography on the Internet today than 15-year-olds. That is a fact.
Senator HARRADINE —How do you know?
Mr Marzbani —We know that from the research we do.
Senator HARRADINE —Have you got the details of that research?
Mr Marzbani —Yes, I do. I have in fact brought some of that with me today.
Senator HARRADINE —I would be grateful for that. Thank you.
—Perhaps if you could make that available to the committee.
Mr Marzbani —I would be happy to make it available to the committee as long as it is not published without our permission, if that if okay.
CHAIR —That would be acceptable to the committee.
Senator CALVERT —May I ask you how you collect that information. Do you collect that information by survey?
Mr Marzbani —Yes.
Senator CALVERT —How do you know they are telling the truth? Are 15-year-olds likely to say that they access the Internet for pornography? I would not have thought so.
Mr Marzbani —True. I will give you the full answer. We do 40 different streams of research. One of them is the on-line survey, and we do that in Australia, New Zealand, Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand and Indonesia, and China will be launched soon as well. We have been doing it in Australia for 2[half ] years. We get very large numbers of responses and then we check for a consistency within the answers that we get. There are questions we ask in slightly different ways. There are questions that we ask so we can cross-check with the electronic information we get about the user. Typically in the last survey, as an example, from 12,000-odd responses we only ended up with 10,500 what we considered clean responses. These are people who have been consistent across the survey. We ask a broad range of questions. We make it easy for people to answer and we guarantee their confidentiality and privacy totally. We have developed a reputation in Australia for doing this objective research. We have the support of more than 100 Internet service providers who actually advertise our survey through banners on their pages as well as every single major on-line newspaper, including all the Fairfax, News, APN, Village and Yahoo publications out there—all the different mastheads.
Senator CALVERT —So your survey would show you what the most popular materials are on the Internet.
Mr Marzbani —It would show you a number of things, including the most popular material. However, to follow on from that, because we do a broad range of other Internet related research, we can tell you—I would probably like this to be off the record, if that is okay.
CHAIR —Is it the wish of the committee that we take this answer as a private comment? That being the case, we will go into camera for this particular comment.
Evidence was then taken in camera, but later resumed in public —
CHAIR —We will now return to the public hearing. Are there any other questions?
Senator QUIRKE —Yes, I have a couple. What do you think the take-up rate is going to be over the next four to five years of the Internet?
Mr Marzbani —I can tell you what it is right now. It has gone from around 12 per cent per month a year-and-a-half ago to around two to three per cent per month in the number of users from home. Business take-up is growing a little faster—three to four per cent per month. However the content, or the bandwidth being downloaded, is growing at a much more rapid rate—between 20 and 30 per cent a month. So even though the percentage of users coming on is not as high, the amount of traffic that people are demanding and the amount of pages that keep coming down are growing much faster.
Senator QUIRKE —What is the total number now?
Mr Marzbani —It is over 1.6 million. It breaks out roughly as follows: there are about 600,000 academic users out there of which about 100,000 have dial-up access from home; there are about 800,000 dial-up users in total of which 400,000 are home consumers, about 300,000 are businesses and 100,000 are academic students; and the rest have permanent connections from work. This excludes people with email access to the Internet or the ability to participate in newsgroups and other types of email related communications with the Web.
CHAIR —Thank you very much, Mr Marzbani. Your evidence has been very helpful and very useful, and we appreciate very much the time you have taken to come and talk so frankly with us today.
Mr Marzbani —I have for the committee copies of what I said, a diskette of what I said, and a copy of the Internet user report for Internet users in Australia.
CHAIR —Thank you very much indeed.
Committee adjourned at 4.30 p.m.


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This is a discussion on Obama's speech within the Concealed Carry Issues & Discussions forums, part of the Defensive Carry Discussions category; Originally Posted by Hopyard That is just internet denizens sounding off, stupidly. I don't think that rhetoric represents the views or methods of the organized ...
"I've noticed that everyone that is pro-abortion has already been born." - Ronald Reagan
"When governments fear the people there is liberty. When the people fear the government there is tyranny." Thomas Jefferson
You are only paranoid until you are right - then you are a visionary.
Fixed it for ya Okemo.
Semper Fi
"The gun is the great equalizer... For it is the gun, that allows the meek to repel the monsters; Whom are bigger, stronger and without conscience, prey on those who without one, would surely perish."
The reports as to what happened in Conn. changed every day. First reports were the hand guns were used and the AR was in the trunk. Now those reports have been removed and the story changed. The person Buzzed his way into the school then started to carry out his actions. Then reports that the person believed to be responsible for this shot his way into the school with the AR. Lets stop right there. An AR is a very loud easily determinable sound. It would have taken many shots to shoot through and by then people inside would have been able to prepare. Why was this person able to shoot his way in before the police got there? Something is being covered up and changed here folks. Yes it was a tragedy. Yes it is uncalled for violence. But to immediatly attack gun owners? To change the story multiple times? The media is the headline of this attack on the free people. Why hasnt the NRA spoke? Because they cant even begin to decifer what is going on. And they know the media is bias. This is an all out attack on our individual freedoms one at a time. The media and the ones who want to enslave us are heading the effort.
We may never really know what firearms he used or how he got in or any other true details surrounding this horrid event.
Out of all the stream of information that has been flowing forth so far. Some has been corrected and revised, some has been taken out of context, some their telling what they want us to hear how they want us to hear it, they may revise some because in the media's blood thirst obligation to their producers desires as if it bleeds it leads mentality, they release info but then they revise it because maybe do to a possible agenda priority they revise it to fit their main interest alliances, the media has been picking and choosing what they feed us because they feel it is in some interest groups best interest or it is what matches their personal believes < don't think so just put Costas on-air and now listen to some of the other talking heads > or of their producers personal believes.
What has happened to the media's code of ethics? Just report the story as a "non-bias fly on the wall" and let the public form their own opinions.
People, organization, and those who are in control with agendas, can and will only tell what they feel is only in their agendas best interest and sometimes; it isn't the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth, nor is it always the full story.
Case in point: First they reported that they found an AR style rifle in the trunk of the car and only two handguns were used and no rifles. Then they said that he did use an AR. Then they back peddled a third time and said no he didn't use any rifles just three.....no four.....no two handguns and a rifle????? The victims were all shot once....no three times......no wait I'm being told ten?
When they pulled a moving van up on scene and started removing tables and chairs the students used the media wanted to....no demanded to know what they were doing and how is this going to add in their investigation? Where these riddled with bullet holes so they needed them to compare to something?
Duh......no! They were moving them to another school so they could accommodate transferring the students there. Relax media goons!!
So which report do we believe Ripley?
None of them. They are all incompetent buffoons that have a propensity to embellish, change,distort or downright lie about the truth.So which report do we believe Ripley?
Universal Background Checks...the next step towards registration and confiscation.
AR. CHL Instr. 07/02 FFL
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My thought on this you ask..... MAD!!! ... what i need to know is if they ban our guns will they give us the value of the gun for what its worth (like a blue book on cars) or will they just take all our guns and its just our lost period?? ... Eddie.
Before the federal government starts looking at high-capacity magazine bans, assault weapons bans, and other restrictions, shouldn't they first pore over the data on restrictive gun legislation, firearm ownership, and incidences of violent gun-related crime? I'm sure there's plenty of data readily available from other sovereign states such as Canada and the United Kingdom. Before we just blindly assume that lower violent gun crime rates are associated with less legally-owned firearms, I think our politicians would be wise to first examine all the data to make sure that this gun control idea actually works.
I just think jumping to conclusions and drawing up new restrictive legislation is premature. I personally haven't researched this but I can speculate that some of you guys have. What can we glean from the data on gun control and violent gun crime? Is it clear or ambiguous? Is it unanimous or split? Can we even draw inferences from it?
Last edited by Clodbert; December 18th, 2012 at 11:54 AM.
what may well turn out to be a big huge stinking lose it all event either in Congress or at the Supremes.
Limiting magazine capacity IMO isn't an infringement on the right to keep and bear arms, whereas not having
national reciprocity actually is an infringement on that right; a very real infringement. So I see trading something trivial (high cap) for something worthwhile (full national reciprocity) as a pretty darn good deal for the concealed carry community.
Heck, we don't conceal carry 30 rounders; they won't fit IWB, in an ankle holster, or in a shoulder holster. Instead if we feel the need we carry an extra mag or an extra gun or both. So from the point of view of concealed carry and defensive carry of handguns, giving up high cap is a big nothing. I'll trade a big nothing for something any time.
If the Union is once severed, the line of separation will grow wider and wider, and the controversies which are now debated and settled in the halls of legislation will then be tried in fields of battle and determined by the sword.
Andrew Jackson
Give it all up and it's not going to change crime or the criminals. That's the idiotic part of your argument. It won't change anything. If you are going to the table with a concession, at least have something of benefit. Some people have offered viable solutions, yet you continue to hound this trail.
"So from the point of view of concealed carry and defensive carry of handguns, giving up high cap is a big nothing. I'll trade a big nothing for something any time."
Thanks for volunteering for me to give up my high-capacity magazines. I don't actually use them often or even consider them as an integral part of my overall shooting interests however I do enjoy the right to have them on hand just as I enjoy owning a vehicle with way more horsepower than is necessary for my daily travels.
"Limiting magazine capacity IMO isn't an infringement on the right to keep and bear arms..."
Magazine capacity restrictions undeniably limit the citizen's right to keep and bear effective arms. Effective that is in 21st century terms rather than in late 18th century terms. That hypothetical .22 single shot that keeps showing up, here in this and other threads, is a firearm but few here would be willing to be restricted to only such arms. Just how much restriction must we bear and how much is inflicted by the views of fellow firearms owners who are only too willing to trade out what is not important to them? One has to ask himself if he'd be annoyed with the owner of nothing more than a .22 single shot rifle being willing to give up the right to own any form of repeating arm simply because repeating firearms were not important to him. "It's not important to me" is a monstrous cop-out!
You don't care about high-capacity magazines and desire national reciprocity? I live in Texas and typically don't travel in states that won't allow my concealed carry permit. I'm less concerned about national reciprocity but greatly concerned about the real underlying motives of a government that wants my high-capacity magazines. I find it disconcerting that other gun owners are willing to give in on facets of firearms ownership that they deem trivial.
Anyway, there's no particular effort afoot to make a swap of curtailment of high-capacity magazines for national reciprocity, so such a trade-out is only wishful thinking on the part of some. A trade-out that, given the defeatist attitude exhibited by some here on the Forum, could very well turn to be giving in on something to get a big, fat, nothing in return!
Charter Member of the DC .41 LC Society "Get heeled! No really"
No possible rapidity of fire can atone for habitual carelessness of aim with the first shot.
Theodore Roosevelt, The Wilderness Hunter, 1893
For me, it's not about what I want or need....I dont need hi-cap mags or an AR..but I feel the need to defend the right to keep them. That any steps back lead down that 'slippery slope.'
"I've noticed that everyone that is pro-abortion has already been born." - Ronald Reagan
"When governments fear the people there is liberty. When the people fear the government there is tyranny." Thomas Jefferson
You are only paranoid until you are right - then you are a visionary.

subset: commoncrawl


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Tribali album earns world music plaudits
Tribali's album Festa has been rated the seventh best instrumental new age and world music album of the year by a top website specialising in the genre.
"It's an amazing feat of magic in the way they cross blend influences ranging from world music, new age, folk, reggae, rock, and jazz," blogger John Olsen writes in NewAgeMusicWorld.com.
He describes the album as having a level of energy "off the chart" and of using a broad variety of instruments, incorporating the didgeridoo, electric sitar and several others with more traditional ones like guitars, keyboards and violin.
"Placing an emphasis on cultural multiplicity in every project, the ethnic tradition of international Maltese band Tribali is a great way to revel any time, any place, any day," says Mr Olsen.
The album is a collection of classic Tribali cuts from their earlier albums, previously only available in Malta.
Although Festa was released digitally worldwide, including on iTunes, Amazon and HMV, only a limited number of physical copies were produced. These were distributed locally and abroad.
The band's album The Traveller has been awarded Best Album of 2012 at this year's Malta Music Awards. They have won this award twice in a row.
See our Comments Policy Comments are submitted under the express understanding and condition that the editor may, and is authorised to, disclose any/all of the above personal information to any person or entity requesting the information for the purposes of legal action on grounds that such person or entity is aggrieved by any comment so submitted. Please allow some time for your comment to be moderated.


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[Date Index]
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Input in batch script
Question (partially Mathematica, partially Linux):
We have to pass two values (one integer and one string)
to a mathematica foo.m running in batch.
The integer is simply used in a sum;
the string has to be concatenated into a file name (Output)
Let's imagine to have the following trivial program "foo.m"
which requires two inputs (one integer and one string)
from the keyboard
BUT has to run in **batch** (Linux with Mathematica 4.1).
*** foo.m begins ****
a = 1;
number = Input["Enter number, e.g., 99 : "];
sumnumber = a + number;
sumnumber >> foo1.out
string = Input["Enter the string, e.g., 1212_800 : "]
string >>> foo1.out
m1 = MemoryInUse[]
sol = NDSolve[{y''[x] - y'[x] + y[x] ==0,y[0]==1,y'[0]=1},y[x],{x,0,3}]
m2 = MemoryInUse[]
m3 = (m2-m1) >>> foo???????.out
(*We have to replace foo???????.out with foo1212_800.out
where 1212_800 is read from the following batchfoo.com *)
**** foo.m end ***********
The relevant batchfoo.com (executable)
math <<end1 >>foo.out
The trouble lies in the line
m3 = (m2-m1) >>> foo??????.out
What shall we have to do in order to get
foo1212_800.out ?
Can you tell us how to modify the foo.m and the script ?
Several trials with, e.g., ToString failed.
Many thanks for your help.
Carlo Palmisano
University of Turin
via P. Giuria 1 - 10125 Torino - Italy
e-mail: palmisan at to.infn.it


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If evidence was needed that tech companies were rushing to get their tablet devices to market a little too quickly, then we got it over the weekend with the news that retailers around the UK have pulled the Toshiba Folio 100 from their shelves less than two weeks after it went on sale.
Everything seemed so different back in the dim distant past of November 5 when the Toshiba Folio 100 was all set to conquer the iPad as King of the Tablets. It had it all - a larger screen, flash capability, Wi-Fi and 3G connectivity and all for £170 less than Apple's market leading device.
How could it fail we asked? Well pretty spectacularly seems to be the clear answer. Over the weekend, the device was pulled from sale at retailers PC World, Dixons and Currys following a raft of customer complaints and a record high level of returns.
Then again, it could be said that TrustedReviews were among the first to hint at problems with this device when we had a hands-on look at the Folio 100 at IFA in Berlin last September. Our eagle-eyed reporter Ed Chester reported that while the Folio 100 was loaded with features it was let down somewhat by an unresponsive screen and their own version of Android 2.2 which was preloaded onto the device.
Customers complaining on return of the device to retailers did indeed complain about the screen and also the fact that the Android Market was missing from the device having been replaced by the Toshiba Market Place which promised 1,000 apps by the end of this month – a long way short of the tens of thousands of apps in the Android Market.
There has so far been no official word from Toshiba about the freeze by retailers selling its product but no doubt it will be frantically trying to fix the problems before they offer it for sale in other parts of the world.
Inferior pixel density, narrow viewing angles poor build quality and cheap plastic casing were among the other complaints from irate customers. The Folio 100 shipped to the UK before anywhere else in the world with a £329 price tag which no doubt would have lured in a lot of people. It is powered by an nVIDIA Tegra 250 processor which includes a dual-core Arm processor running at 1GHz and a GeForce graphics core that is capable of playing full 1080p high-definition video.
The Folio 100 runs Android 2.2, has an in-built 1.3-megpixel webcam, claims seven hour battery life on a single charge and weighs 760g which is heavier than the iPad (680g). It also has HDMI, USB and SD card ports.


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Korea's Kim Dae Jung
The life of South Korean President Kim Dae Jung reads like a John Le Carre novel. He narrowly escaped death several times, and he spent six years in prison and 10 more either under house arrest or in exile. A devout Roman Catholic, Kim believes he is destined to struggle with adversity. And his greatest challenge of all will be in pulling Korea out of its worst economic crisis since the 1950-53 Korean War. "I have coped with crisis all my life," says the 76-year-old President, who is inevitably compared to Nelson Mandela of South Africa. "Of course, we have a lot of difficulties. But I am confident that as long as we take the right path, we can succeed."
Stabilizing Korea's economy could begin to restore some of Asia's lost confidence. In fewer than four months in office, Kim has made a good start. He has presented a blueprint for cleaning up a financial sector riddled with $85 billion in problem loans and--using threats and sweet talk--won agreement from the heads of top chaebol to drop unprofitable and inefficient businesses. He also has made it easier for capital to flow in and out of the country, given the central bank more independence in monetary policy, required transparency in business transactions, allowed hostile foreign takeovers, and lifted most restrictions on foreign ownership of Korean bonds, shares, and land.
But Kim has much further to go just to implement his own plans, much less press for more sorely needed reforms. Although few question his determination, he faces resistance from trade unions, conglomerates, and even policy advisers, many of whom lent their knowledge to the former military regimes to set up the previous government-directed economy. The opposition will only increase as corporate bankruptcies soar and unemployment hits record highs. Meanwhile, the falling Japanese yen is putting renewed pressure on the Korean economy and could undermine a bank bailout plan that was pieced together earlier this year.
The President, however, is not one to give up easily. Before he finally became head of state on Feb. 25, he risked everything, including his life, in previous tries for the office. Kim ran against former General Park Chung Hee in 1971 and, despite a government propaganda campaign aimed at destroying him, wound up with a surprising 45% of the vote. One month after the election, Kim's car was slammed by a truck that later was found to be linked to a government official. The accident left him with a permanent limp and chronic neuralgia. Two years later, South Korean intelligence agents kidnapped Kim. They were about to drown him in the Sea of Japan when U.S. helicopters intervened.
Kim also was one of three hopefuls in an election planned for 1980 after Park was assassinated the previous year. But then-General Chun Doo Hwan scuttled the election by staging a coup and arresting Kim and other politicians. Although Kim was in jail, Chun accused him of masterminding a civil rebellion in the southwestern city of Kwangju in 1980 and sentenced him to death. His life was saved again in a deal with the U.S. government that allowed Chun to visit Washington.
OPENING DOORS. Just as he was rescued by contact with the outside world, Kim believes Korea can be saved by throwing open its financial system to foreigners. Long a culture closed to outsiders, Korean society still perceives foreign ownership of local companies and real estate as colonialism that threatens the country. To counter this kind of thinking, the President sponsored a nationally televised dialogue with people on the street--and according to opinion polls, he is convincing a growing number of Koreans that a U.S. or European company in Korea contributes more to the economy than a Korean business operating abroad. "To rescue our country from the current economic crisis, we must attract foreign businesses," says Kim. "If we had practiced democracy and the free-market system, we wouldn't have had a command-and-control economy or this economic ordeal."
With Korea at a crossroads, Kim is trying to prove wrong the claims by some Asian leaders that Western-style democracy isn't compatible with Asia's Tiger economies. If his strategies bear fruit, he could go down in history as the most successful leader of modern Korea.


text:
Why is it that when both spring and fall come, my son needs to go to the hospital to get his ADHD meds adjusted? Every time he goes to the hospital, he may stay for a week to two weeks. This has been going on for four years now. What can I do as a parent to help him through these times? What kind of vitamins can he take? What do I need to do and/or know about ADHD to help him?
You raise an interesting question about seasonal impacts on conditions like ADHD. Researchers have begun to demonstrate that some conditions, such as depression, are, in fact, seasonal. As the days shorten and the nights lengthen, some people with seasonal affective disorder become increasingly more depressed. However, the majority of individuals with ADHD do not require hospitalization to adjust their medications. Without knowing more information it is difficult for me to respond any further.
From what you describe, it sounds like your son is an adult. I suspect he is not sharing all of his medical problems with you. The type of hospitalization you're describing would be more likely for someone with bipolar disorder than a severe seasonal affective condition. Even then, it would be rare to be hospitalized twice a year for two weeks at a time.
I suggest the best way to help him is just to tell him that you are there for him and to be patient, resisting the temptation to more directly confront him about this. As for vitamins, there are no vitamins that have proven benefits in reducing the symptoms or impairments of ADHD. If you want to learn more about ADHD, one of the best current books on the market is "Attention Deficit Disorder" by Tom Brown.


text:
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When to see your Advisor
Student Responsibilities in the Advisement Process


text:
Excellent article. Thanks for the link.
This is a discussion on A great read if your carry... within the Concealed Carry Issues & Discussions forums, part of the Defensive Carry Discussions category; Originally Posted by Saber Yeah, that's sorta what I thought. It appears that every single link within their construct, leads me to another link for ...
That is all.
Does My Wallet Make Me Look Fat? It shouldn't because Obama is taking all my money.
Well, I read the article, and the author had some good points...even if it's the same ol' retorical nonsense to some degree.
I was enjoying the article until I read this:If you lose your wallet, then you were at the mercy of the perp. If he'd wanted your life, then he'd have taken it. If that's the case, then why carry at all? If you survive, it's because the perp didn't want to kill you, and that's unacceptable to me. For that reason, I doubt the credibility of the author.Would the scenario be different if your handgun was concealed? Probably so, although you might be missing your wallet and a little pride, but the advantage gained is that you survived a deadly confrontation! Never give up your advantage of surprise. The only person who should ever know about your handgun is a perp trying to take you down.
Drawing from concealment requires a bit more effort than drawing from an OC holster in most cases. You have to lift your shirt first, unzip the fanny pack, crouch down and lift up your pant's leg, reach down your pants, or otherwise reveal your firearm. I usually cover with a vest, using the same OC holster I'd use without the vest. Just brush the vest back and draw. Given half a chance and a little luck, I won't be at the mercy of the criminal for long.
The last line I quoted above especially bothers me. If you wait 'till the perp is taking you down before you draw, then you've lost any advantage you may have had. It's over by then, so you'd better prepare yourself before that time comes if you have a rig that's slow to draw from.
The author speaks of real life situations, but his theories on how to handle them are a bit off IMO. He speaks of distance, yet doesn't mention cover that I noticed.
Truly, he just another person with his own theories on how things should be done. We all have those.


text:
Welcome to WebmasterWorld Guest from 184.108.40.206
Forum Moderators: incrediBILL
The one thing I did notice is that a JQSNOTIFY.EXE dialog pops as a security alert in my Firewall when I start up Firefox. That's new. It is the Java(TM) Quick Starter binary trying to obtain access on a local port. This may be the reason for the improvement you notice.
<rant> These quick starters are insidious and presumptuous. You want a quick start? -- Then optimize your code! It seems that over the years, applications expand to fill all available memory (plus swap space) on a 'typical' machine, and no-one pays any attention to efficiency any more. </rant>
By faster, I mean page loading and rendering -- Firefox 3.0.5 just seems 'snappier.'
I disabled both the service and the plug-in after the recent JRE U11 update
I follow you on the plug-in ...
Control Panel > Java > Advanced Tab > Miscellaneous > Java Quick Starter
Or did you mean the ...
Control Panel > Java > Advanced Tab > Java Plug-in > Enable the next generation Java Plug-in (requires browser restart)
But I'm not following you on the service? I don't see a service running on my machine.
It looks like you found a better way, though, using the Control Panel. I didn't find that option, and so I did it manually by disabling the Firefox plug-in and disabling the Windows service. That would be the case if you cannot find the service running.
I turned it off after seeing reports of excessive disk activity when the service was running. Since I use Java so rarely, this is just a waste of energy, disk, and CPU resources for me.
That would be the case if you cannot find the service running.
If it was not running, true. And what I truly meant was "I don't see a service listed" for Java. I looked for the active service using the same method you described, Administrative Tools->Services, and did not even see "Java Quick Starter" listed. I was expecting to see it show up as a disabled service in the list.
I decided to play around a bit. It seems they don't just leave the service out there, it gets added and removed as a Windows service each time you change that checkbox option.
Smart Location Bar? Bah, humbug! Why when I type and 'n' does the dang thing show URLs that just happen to have an 'n' in them, such as 'hl=n'? Dumb, dumb, dumb. I want my NY Daily News, NY Post and NY Times sports index pages back at the top of the list. And I don't want to see my bookmarks. I use those for later reading, not navigation.
I'm sick and tired of apps telling me what I want to do. Firefox doesn't have to "try to guess" where I want to go. It just has to get out of my damned way and let me get there.
And it appears that the only way to change anything is to completely clear the browser history or to individually delete entries from the autocomplete list. Doesn't seem to be anyway to turn it off.
Okay, rant over, off to find that Opera icon.
On copying over my java apps repository to \Xampp\htdocs\test all the java was stripped out and I was using FF to view my local server output. It is more likely to have been Defender that caused it but I'm just thinking aloud.
[edited by: RedRat_Chris at 6:18 pm (utc) on Jan. 10, 2009]
I think you'll find that you can configure the urlbar behaviour any way you like it. See settings at about:config browser.urlbar
Details about possible values: [kb.mozillazine.org...]
See also about:config browser.search.suggest.enabled


text:
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Climate CO2 Sensitivity Overestimated
It is well known that carbon dioxide cannot directly account for the observed increase in global temperature over the past century. This has led climate scientists to theorize that many feedback relationships exists within the climate system, serving to amplify the impact of rising CO2 levels. One of these is the impact of rising temperature on the ability of the ecosystem to absorb CO2. The temperature sensitivity of ecosystem respiratory processes (referred to as Q10) is a key determinant of the interaction between climate and the carbon cycle. New research, recently published in the journal Science, shows that the Q10 of ecosystem respiration is invariant with respect to mean annual temperature, and independent of the analyzed ecosystem type. This newly discovered temperature insensitivity suggests that climate sensitivity to CO2 is much smaller than assumed by climate models.
Climate sensitivity is generally given as how much temperature rise would result from a doubling of atmospheric CO2 levels. Using IPCC figures for radiative forcing, a doubling of CO2 would lead to a temperature rise of about half a degree (see "Another Look at Climate Sensitivity"). Yet the UN IPCC Fourth Assessment Report (AR4) gives a much higher value for climate sensitivity. It claims a 2°C to 4.5°C rise for a CO2 doubling, or from four to nine times higher than what is see in the real climate system. Why? Climate models assume that there are large positive feedbacks as Earth warms. Among these feedbacks is the impact of rising temperature on emission and absorption of CO2 by Earth's biota.
Accurately predicting future levels of atmospheric CO2 requires a clear understanding of how land and atmosphere exchange CO2. Each year, photosynthesizing land plants remove (fix) one in eight molecules of atmospheric CO2. Land plants and soil organisms return a similar amount of the dreaded greenhouse gas. The balance between removal and respiration determines whether terrestrial ecosystems are a net carbon sink or source. Two papers in the August 13, 2010, issue of Science bring a new understanding of land-atmosphere CO2 exchange.
The terrestrial carbon cycle.
In "Terrestrial Gross Carbon Dioxide Uptake: Global Distribution and Covariation with Climate," Christian Beer et al. estimate total annual terrestrial gross primary production (GPP) in an approach more solidly based on data than previous approximations. Terrestrial GPP is the largest source of global carbon exchange. It drives many ecosystem functions, such as respiration and growth. Food, fiber, and wood production from plants are all part of terrestrial GPP. Moreover, GPP is one of the major processes controlling land-atmosphere CO2 exchange.
The researchers used a combination of observation and calculation to estimate that the total GPP by terrestrial plants is around 122 billion tons per year. In part, the capacity of terrestrial ecosystems acts to offset human CO2 emissions, which total around 7 billion tons annually. Thirty-two percent of this uptake occurs in tropical forests, and precipitation controls carbon uptake in more than 40% of vegetated land. Here is how Beer et al. sum up their findings:
After four decades of research on the global magnitude of primary production of terrestrial vegetation, we present an observation-based estimate of global terrestrial GPP. Although we arrive at a global GPP of similar magnitude as these earlier estimates, our results add confidence and spatial details. The large range of GPP results by process-oriented biosphere models indicates the need for further constraining CO2 uptake processes in these models. Furthermore, our spatially explicit GPP results contribute to a quantification of the climatic control of GPP. Complementing theoretical or process-oriented results about climatic limitations of GPP, our observation-based results now constitute empirical evidence for a large effect of water availability on primary production over 40% of the vegetated land (Fig. 3A) and up to 70% in savannahs, shrublands, grasslands, and agricultural areas. Our findings imply a high susceptibility of these ecosystems' productivity to projected changes of precipitation over the 21st century, but a robustness of tropical and boreal forests. Results of current process models show a large range and a tendency to overestimate precipitation-associated GPP (Fig. 3B). Most likely, the association of GPP and climate in process-oriented models can be improved by including negative feedback mechanisms (e.g., adaptation) that might stabilize the systems.
Shown above, in figure 3 taken from the paper, the percentage of vegetated land surface (A) and corresponding GPP (B) that is controlled by precipitation, depending on the chosen threshold for the partial correlation coefficients that signal a control of GPP by a climate factor. The blue areas represent the range of data-driven estimates using different climate sources. This is compared to the range of process-oriented model results in red. Purple shows the overlapping area. The thick lines represent the medians of both ranges. See the article for details.
The most important statement from Beer et al. is that last line: "Most likely, the association of GPP and climate in process-oriented models can be improved by including negative feedback mechanisms (e.g., adaptation) that might stabilize the systems." Instead of a positive feedback as is widely assumed in climate models, they suggest that the feedback should be reduced and may even be negative. There are even signs that the climate system adapts and self regulates. None of these factors are used in the IPCC's models.
In the second report, "Global Convergence in the Temperature Sensitivity of Respiration at Ecosystem Level," Mahecha et al. assess how ecosystem respiration (R) is related to temperature over week-to-month and longer annual time scales, and find a potentially important but difficult-to-interpret relationship. Attempting to understand the sensitivity of respiratory processes to temperature, they approximated the sensitivity of terrestrial ecosystem respiration to air temperature (Q10) across 60 FLUXNET sites. The authors expand on their motivation:
Quantifying the intensity of feedback mechanisms between terrestrial ecosystems and climate is a central challenge for understanding the global carbon cycle and a prerequisite for reliable future climate scenarios. One crucial determinant of the climate–carbon cycle feedback is the temperature sensitivity of respiratory processes in terrestrial ecosystems, which has been subject to much debate. On the one hand, empirical studies have found high sensitivities of soil respiration to temperature, with values of Q10 (here an indicator of the sensitivity of terrestrial ecosystem respiration to air temperature) well above 2. Dependencies of Q10 values on mean temperatures have been attributed to the acclimatization of soil respiration, among other factors. On the other hand, global-scale models often make use of globally constant Q10 values of 2 or below to generate carbon dynamics consistent with global atmospheric CO2 growth rates. Nonetheless, several models have directly included empirical dependencies of the parameterization of respiratory processes to environmental dynamics. This inclusion is questionable, given that single-site studies have indicated that factors seasonally covarying with temperature can confound the experimental retrieval of the intrinsic temperature dependence of respiration.
The investigators report that the week-to-month scale sensitivity is stable across sites varying in mean temperature, but annual sensitivity varies markedly from cold to warm ecosystems. Overall, they found an empirically inferred Q10 of approximately 1.4 at the ecosystem level. "These results reconcile the empirical evidence with findings that the global carbon cycle can be well modeled only with an ecosystem level sensitivity of Q10 < 2," Mahecha et al. conclude. "Moreover, our results may partly explain recent findings indicating a less pronounced climate–carbon cycle sensitivity than assumed by current climate–carbon cycle model parameterizations."
Ecosystem respiration is influenced by many complex factors (see figure below). Land plant and microbe respiration of CO2 into the atmosphere can be increased (yellow) or reduced (red) by a wide range of processes that enhance or limit metabolic processes, operate over varying time scales, and go beyond direct temperature effects on physiology [figure below expanded from M. Reichstein & C. Beer, J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci. (abstract)]. This new work indicates that previously used estimates were erroneous and model representations overly simplistic.
Complex factors influence carbon dioxide respiration.
The combined impact of these two papers is yet another blow to the validity of current computer models. Previous assumptions about the absorption and production of CO2 by terrestrial plants under changing conditions are in error. These new results imply that rising CO2 levels will not cause the temperature increases predicted by existing computer models. In an accompanying perspective article, Peter B. Reich, an environmental biologist at the University of Minnesota, summed up the implications of these papers:
Regardless of the difficulty of interpreting the processes underlying these numbers, the findings are important. Beer et al.'s value for GPP is our best and most broad-based estimate, despite its uncertainty. Mahecha et al.'s results are important because they suggest that, at week-to-month scales, R's relationship to temperature converges at a Q10 of 1.4 across many varied ecosystems. Their work also reduces fears that respiration fluxes may increase strongly with temperature, accelerating climate change. They also add to studies indicating that simple assumptions about respiration-temperature relations can lead to problematic models. It is not yet clear, however, whether and how their findings can be used in climate models.
More plainly put, making simplifying assumptions about nature has led to an over estimation of carbon dioxide's impact on temperature. As experienced modelers will tell you, simplifying assumptions can be the death of any simulation. Here is more proof that the climate models used by the IPCC and other climate researchers don't have a chance in hell of getting future climate change correct. The closer science looks at the real world processes involved in climate regulation the more absurd the IPCC's computer driven fairy tale appears. Instead of blithely modeling climate based on hunches and suppositions, climate scientists would be better off abandoning their ivory towers and actually measuring what happens in the real world.
Be safe, enjoy the interglacial and stay skeptical.
radiative forcing
Considering that radiative forcing is a non-existent phenomenon, not only is carbon dioxide not responsible for any temperature change, it does nott have the slightest effect upon the climate either. The absolute mass of CO2 in our atmopshere is so minute that the only effect it can possibly have - one of increased cooling efficiency - can not be measured in any meaningful way.
Radiative forcing is by its very nature not possible. Where does the additional energy come from to cause any "forcing"? One plus one equals two, not anymore not any less. Not even CO2 can create energy from nowhere. Great article nonetheless.
Stay skeptical, at all times, yes.
Hans Schreuder


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Recently, our intern Emma had the chance to visit one of Home For Good's partners, Downtown Women's Center. Before she finished working with us, she was nice enough to share her experience at DWC in this blog below.
As a new addition to United Way, I was lucky enough to join the Loaned Executives on their visit to Downtown Women's Center last week.
The minute I stepped in the building, I saw smiles on the women's faces and immediately knew DWC was an amazing community. DWC Development Manager Audrey Kuo began our tour by telling us that "at Downtown's Women Center, we strive to bring women back into the community." Not only does DWC offer meals women in need, but also provides job training, training and support groups, and a health clinic for all women in the area.
As we went through the building, we were greeted by a woman who lives at DWC. In her six years of residency, she has discovered an impressive writing ability, and just published her own poem in the local paper. In the five minutes we stood in the beautifully decorated lobby, we witnessed her excitement at this event; not once, but twice did she insist on getting a staff member their own copy of the newspaper.
The next resident we met is going on her tenth year at DWC. After living alone on the streets for almost seventeen years, she felt as if she would never recover. Now, she is forever grateful for how DWC has transformed her life. She is a member of the DWC Residents' Club and with them, puts on a different activity each month. When asked what she most appreciated about her new life, she told us that DWC had made her into a new, happier person with a sense of responsibility, leadership and compassion.
Not only does Downtown Women's Center give women a permanent home, but it provides them with a supportive family. Anyone can read about what a place like DWC does and know it provides amazing help to those in need; once one actually sees the excitement and gratitude of the women, that person will know that DWC gives those most in need a new and hopeful life.
We ended our tour in the Made by DWC store, where the women get experience and training in various day-to-day jobs such as sewing, baking, selling, marketing and packaging. I purchased two handmade, stuffed animal key chains to always remember these women and the beautiful transformations they went through.
This trip showed me the impact a home and community can have on a person's life, and convinced me that together we can end homelessness and turn even the biggest frowns into smiles.
A big THANK YOU to Emma for all her hard work!


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This search engine only searches bacon blogs and sites. This way you will never get tricked in to clicking on a Kevin Bacon fan site again! If you want your site added to the search list just send me an email.
Find delicious pork belly (bacon) on the internet, not Kevin or Francis Bacon.
Powered by Google and Bacon!


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hey everyone, this is my first post and im just gunna put it out there that im a total noob. so my neighbor recently left for the military and gave me his 2003 2.5 RS as a graduation present, i would like to know how often i should stay on top of the brakes, oil etc...and also what upgrades i can do (interior and exterior) that you guys would recomend. i intend on making the car track ready so i can go hang with my friends at our local raceway. it is currently auto (which sucks) but because it's a 2.5 L i could do an STI swap correct? if so what parts would i need and what will the damage ($$$) most likely look like?
thanks in advance everyone!
P.S ive been checking local junkyards trying to get a hold on an STI motor and drivetrain. one place has it but needs to check with the owner first...if so, go for it?


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Sailing industry reports solid growth in 2013
Cruising World and Sailing World magazines, the sailing brands of Bonnier Corp.'s marine group, released their annual State of the Sailing Market report at the Miami International Boat Show.
Strictly Sail shows in Chicago, Miami and Oakland, Calif., are produced by Sail America, the trade association for the U.S. sailing industry. It is dedicated to promoting the health and growth of sailing.
Cruising World and Sailing World magazines, the sailing brands of Bonnier Corp.'s marine group, released their annual State of the Sailing Market report at the Miami International Boat Show.
Bristol, R.I., sailor Charlie Enright and his Team Alvimedica will participate in the 2014-15 Volvo Ocean Race as the youngest team of sailors in the marathon.
Rhode Island Gov. Lincoln Chafee has signed an executive order to establish the Rhode Island Sailing Events Commission, which is charged primarily with identifying and attracting more internationally recognized sailing and marine events to the state. It also will advise the governor on the feasibility of using Fort Adams State Park as a venue for…more
The National Sailing Hall of Fame is accepting online nominations until April 1 for its 2014 class. Inductees will be chosen this summer.
Sail America elected five new members to its 2014 board of directors.
Quantum Key West 2014 is gearing up for its trademark full week of racing, which starts Sunday and continues through Jan. 24.
Registration is open for the Sail Newport Youth Program.
In a year in which it seemed that Republicans and Democrats in our nation's capital could never agree on much of anything, let's add cinema-going sailors to the list of those who see the world in black-and-white terms.
Offshore Sailing School founders and owners Steve and Doris Colgate were presented with the Leukemia & Lymphoma Society's national chairman's citation at the annual Fantasy Sail Celebration held at South Seas Island Resort on Captiva Island, Fla.
San Francisco is still in the red from hosting the 34th America's Cup, which so far has cost taxpayers at least $5.5 million.
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ZOFE takes the real-time measurements acquired during the flight test and applies a technique to extrapolate the aircraft's flutter boundary, Chen explains, allowing designers to obtain essential information without potentially endangering the test aircraft or pilot.
ZOFE is in use by the U.S. Air Force for special projects for testing flutter suppression and innovating new kinds of air vehicles. Major aircraft manufacturers are also testing the product.
In the meantime, ZONA is developing an additional innovation in partnership with Dryden that promises potentially significant changes to flutter testing. Through SBIR contracts, ZONA created its Dry Wind Tunnel (DWT) technology for conducting ground flutter testing without a wind tunnel.
"A lot of wind tunnel data is suspect because of tunnel effects," explains Brenner. Wind tunnels are not big enough to accommodate full-scale test aircraft, so smaller models of the aircraft have to be used instead. While these models still provide valuable aerodynamic information, Brenner says, "some parameters don't scale up properly to a full-scale aircraft."
ZONA's DWT uses shaker devices to mimic the effects of aerodynamic forces on a full-scale wing or aircraft. The system's software can calculate the aerodynamic forces and give that command to the shaker, which then applies that force to the true structure so engineers can record and observe the effects. The company claims that DWT can thus eliminate the uncertainties inherent in wind tunnel testing.
"DWT is more accurate," says ZONA project manager Jennifer Scherr, "because you have all of the control surfaces included, you are not making a scaled-down version of the aircraft, and you don't have the wind tunnel walls adding other variables to the mix." The technology also helps eliminate significant costs. Chen notes that the wind tunnel flutter test for a recent new aircraft design cost about $3 million to fabricate the scaled-down model and around $50,000 a day for the wind tunnel testing.
"Flight flutter testing of a new or modified vehicle is very expensive and time consuming," says Starr Ginn, Dryden's aerostructures deputy branch chief and contract monitor for the Phase II Small Business Technology Transfer (STTR) project to develop the DWT. "It takes roughly 25 people to prepare the aircraft, a large staff in the control room, fuel costs for each flight, and time in-between flights to review the data. Using the DWT will help identify where the flutter sensitivity is on the ground, allowing for a reduced number of flutter test points."
ZONA continues to work with Dryden to advance the DWT technology, and is planning testing on the AAW aircraft in 2011. The company's NASA partnerships have been essential for its ability to innovate new technologies, says ZONA engineer and director of operations Darius Sarhaddi.
"Aeroelasticity is not something that everyone needs," he explains. "This type of technology is very narrow. For our business, government partnership is very important." It may be a specialized field, but the benefits of ZONA's NASA partnerships—helping keep flutter confined to flags and seaweed—are very real.


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Enjoy your visit to Bagan with a stay at Kyaw Hotel. Free perks include WiFi, self parking, and English breakfast daily between 6:30 AM and 9 AM. Rooms offer LED TVs, minibars, and room service.


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The physicist Archimedes completed his famed treatise "On Floating Bodies" more than 2,000 years ago, without knowing that swarms of Dakota Ridge High School students clad in grass skirts and Viking helmets would one day test his brilliant principle in shaky homemade vessels.
More than 150 students packed into Carmody Recreation Center on Dec. 3, with 50 teams competing to best fabricate a pool-worthy ship from one of the most simple and widely available packaging materials.
In the classic cartoon "A Charlie Brown Christmas," Charlie Brown writes a letter to Santa as his sister, Sally, dictates. "Please note the size and color of each item," she says, "and send as many as possible. If it seems too complicated, make it easy on yourself: Just send money. How about tens and twenties?" Rolling his eyes in disgust, Charlie Brown laments the commercialism that has crept into Christmas.
By Gov. Bill Ritter
Pushing the limits of the law
Adam Wilson, after all he's been through, never thought this would happen.
Less than five months ago, the 6-foot-6 Columbine senior center was laying in a Kansas City-area hospital, his right kidney split in two after a freak accident during an Elite Next Level basketball tournament game. Forget about his high school playing career, his health was more of an issue at the time.
Conner Dorris came off the bench to score a team-high 16 points in the second half and the Columbine Rebels held off a late charge from visiting Littleton, 50-43, on Dec. 2 in the boys basketball opener for both teams.
The Rebels led throughout, only trailing 3-2 early in the game before going on an 8-0 run to lead 10-3 late in the first quarter. The lead grew to 43-27 early in the fourth quarter before Littleton went on a 16-3 run to cut its deficit to 46-43 with 15.5 seconds left.
Charlie Marchese provided the defense in goal that second-year head coach Justin Depretis was hoping for. But it was the Rebels' offense that surprised him in the season opener.
Columbine scored three times on its first four shots in the second period to chase Valor Christian goalie Peter Kluth and four goals total in the frame en route to a 7-1 victory Dec. 3 at Edge Ice Arena. Seven different players scored for the Rebels, starting with Ty Shirley's first-period goal and wrapped up with three power-play goals.
Junior guard Kourtney Cryder admitted that she's had some problems with free throws recently during practice. So it was no surprise that she was a little bit nervous before taking two shots from the charity stripe with the game tied and 8.9 seconds remaining in the fourth quarter.
"I was nervous, but my coaches and my teammates had faith in me and they said to just go out there and make them and put them in. So I just focused the whole time," Cryder said.
DENVER — Chatfield rallied from a six-point halftime deficit to stun Mullen, 58-57, in the regular-season opener for both schools on Dec. 1.
Brenden Mann scored 14 points and Kyle Evans added to for the Chargers.
Mullen, which got 16 points from Anthony Stransky, led 30-24 at halftime before the Chargers rallied to tie the game at 44-all entering the fourth quarter. Chuck Smith added 15 points for the host Mustangs.
Lady Chargers drop second straight to start season
Following are winners from the Dec. 3 girls swimming meets between Standley Lake vs. Chatfield and Pomona vs. Columbine at Foothills Ridge Rec Center:
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Columbine Courier is your source for local news, sports, events, and information in South Jefferson County, Colo., and the surrounding area.


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Grin Without a Cat Artist/Painter
Sydney dauphinModel Female Las Vegas, Nevada, US
My Website: facebookMy MM URL: http://www.modelmayhem.com/sydneydauphin
Mayhem # 878523
About Me
My name is Sydney Dauphin, I have spent 8 years doing cheerleading and dancing,so im very fit. I am 22 and have been in this modeling business for four years now and love it!!.I have done everything from promos to runways and some print. I look forward to work with different photographers and I am very outgoing,friendly. I am available for paid shoots, and some tfp if I like your work or ideas. I can travel for paid work. Or if the expenses are paid, and I think that it is beneficial to my expanding portfolio.
I am NOT INTERESTED IN DOING NUDE PHOTOS unless it's for Playboy:)... although I believe the body is beautiful, leaving some to the imagination is even better! I am girl of class. I have high respect for myself, my image, my personality, the way i dress, and what I represent. I am very professional and fun to work with, and require the same respect.!!
Experience: Partial Resume below.
Tradeshows / Conventions'
CES 2007, 2008 – Superior Communications
SEMA – 2007 PIAA, 2008 Putco
Big Smoke – Te Amo
MAGIC 2008 – Swiss Army
CTIA 2008- Superior
PPAI Expo 2008 – Masters of Marketing
ConExpo 2008– Leica Geosystems
ISSA Interclean 2008 - Dial
Night Club and Bar 2008 – Glenlivet Whiskey
World Market 2007, 2008– Sandberg Furniture
HP Tech Forum 2008– Elumex Corporation
NHS 2008 – Wharton Inovative Products
NAB 2008 – QuSteam
CONEXPO 2008– Leica Geosystems, INC
IWCE 2008– Anritsu
PROJECT 2007– Assus
PGA Fall Expo 2007– EEZ-Read
StoneExpo – CMS Brembana
Las Vegas International Wine & Food Festival
G2E– Shuffle Master 2006, 2007– Spokes model, Dealer,
WSOP 2006 – Absolute Poker –Spokes model
Hardware Convention – Ironclad- Spokes model
Interop 2006, 2007 - InfoExpress – Spokes model
WSA – TSUBO - Shoe Model
NATPE – NeuLion – Spokes model
NADA – View Marketing 360 – Spokes model
Desk Expo – STM Fences – Spokes model
Roofing Expo 2007,2008 – Roof Vac
ETA – CBI – Spokes model
Realtor Rally – 2007, 2008
NCTA –GolTV – Hostess
JCK 2007,2008– Rivka – Jewelry model
AWFS – Techno, INC. – Spokes model
Alcohol Promotions
Miller Light, MGD, Moto Brew, Ketel One, Absolute Vodka, Stoli, Jack Daniel's, Wild Turkey, American Honey, Jameson, Tuaca, Cazadores, Pama, Bombay Sapphire, Hpnotiq, Malibu, Bacardi, Southern Wine & Spirits
Hatton vs. Urago – Paris Las Vegas – beverage server
Pride Fight 2006-2007 –beverage server
UFC 2007 @ Palms – event promotion
British USA Division Fight 2007 – ring girl
Companies Represented
Dr. Pepper, Yahoo, Interval International, Kyocera, Quiznos, Barny's New York, BR 111 Hardwood Flooring, Syrup Bikini, Vitamin Water, Zappos, Keste, 944 Magazine, Weekly Magazine, Vegas Magazine
Thunder From Down Under "Fantasy" – Lead
Rocket Phone – Infomercial for VoIP phone – Lead
Finishing Touch – Supporting role
Spike & Hammer's "Barflys" Pilot Supporting role
Print Work
Shuffle Master 2006 Calendar
Treasures Las Vegas – promo flyer
Have you worked with Sydney dauphin? Add Credits for Sydney dauphin! >>
Grin Without a Cat Artist/Painter
Thomas Prusso Photographer
GrandMah Photography Photographer
Paris Glamour Studio Photographer
Nico Simon Princely Photographer
Napoleon aka Nap Photographer
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Top 20 Bible Songs and Stories CD
by Wonder Kids;
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Top 20 Bible Songs and Stories
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Top 20 Bible Songs and Stories by Wonder Kids is published by Authentic and is our 23763rd best seller. The ISBN for Top 20 Bible Songs and Stories is W0069.
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CD Track Listing and Samples
1. Stories You'll Hear - Jesus and the Sinful Woman
2. Songs You'll Sing - Jesus Loves Me
3. Stories You'll Hear - God Makes Abraham a Promise
4. Songs You'll Sing - Father Abraham
5. Stories You'll Hear - Light of the World/Salt of the Earth
6. Songs You'll Sing - This Little Light of Mine
7. Stories You'll Hear - Jesus Raises Lazarus
8. Songs You'll Sing - Dem Bones (Gonna Rise Again)
9. Stories You'll Hear - John 3:16
10. Songs You'll Sing - If You're Saved And You Know It
11. Stories You'll Hear - Rahab and the Two Spies
12. Songs You'll Sing - I'm In The Lord's Army
13. Stories You'll Hear - Joseph
14. Songs You'll Sing - I've Got The Joy, Joy, Joy, Joy
15. Stories You'll Hear - Adam and Eve Disobey
16. Songs You'll Sing - Be Careful Little Eyes What You See
17. Stories You'll Hear - The Kingdom of Heaven
18. Songs You'll Sing - Get On Board Little Children
19. Stories You'll Hear - Israel Enters the Promised Land
20. Songs You'll Sing - When The Sainds Go Marchin' In
21. Stories You'll Hear - Joshua and the Battle of Jericho
22. Songs You'll Sing - Joshua Fit The Battle
23. Stories You'll Hear - Naaman is Healed
24. Songs You'll Sing - Head And Shoulders, Knees And Toes
25. Stories You'll Hear - Animals on Noah's Ark
26. Songs You'll Sing - A To Z With Noah
27. Stories You'll Hear - Jesus Taught From a Boat
28. Songs You'll Sing - Michael, Row The Boat Ashore
29. Stories You'll Hear - Noah Obeys God
30. Songs You'll Sing - Noah's Arky, Arky
31. Stories You'll Hear - Manna From Heaven
32. Songs You'll Sing - Count Your Blessings
33. Stories You'll Hear - Samuel Is A Helper
34. Songs You'll Sing - I See The Moon
35. Stories You'll Hear - Go To All Nations
36. Songs You'll Sing - People On The Bus (Praise)
37. Stories You'll Hear - The Lost Sheep
38. Songs You'll Sing - For God So Loved The World
39. Stories You'll Hear - Palm Sunday
40. Songs You'll Sing - Praise Him, Praise Him
Details for Top 20 Bible Songs and Stories
|Page last updated
|20th November 2016
|Author / Artist
|Wonder Kids
|Product Code


text: Do you enjoy cooking in the outdoors for friends and family ? Why not make it convenient with a beautiful functional outdoor grilling island and cocktail station. Your well-designed and custom-built outdoor kitchen will not only keep the party outside – it will improve your outdoor living space and increase the value of your home.


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The annual Maritime Gig Festival happens June 1-2, 2013
Saturday morning the Kiwanis club offers a tasty pancake breakfast to kick off the event.
The Grand Parade along downtown Gig Harbor runs starts at 10am. Don't miss all the floats, music, and freebies. Local businesses hand out coupons and freebies, kids can expect lots of candy!
Food vendors, live music, cool coffee, Beer Garden, Gig Harbor Policy dunk tank, and so much more. The Pirates are always a hit. "Walk the plank! Blast the horn! Ahoy Mate!" Don't miss the fun. Wear sunscreen and bring the family. Expect a great time both Saturday and Sunday.


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Join us for a SWE Webinar this Friday!
SWE will be having a meeting this Friday at Noon in CC46 to announce our January SWEster of the month and watch a SWE webinar:
"How Tablets, Apps, & the Cloud are Changing the Way Engineers Work"
by Dr. David Knezevic, a Lecturer in the Institute for Applied Computational Science at Harvard
If you have any questions, please contact email@example.com. We hope to see you there!


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to go along with my everyday carry setup. I will wear it for a week to see it it's something I wan't to commit to. I am hoping that it doesn't make me sweat. Other than that, it's lightweight, low profile, and very comfortable.
I know that many who ccw, don't wear armor. However, if all goes well, I hope I will be able to transition into any uncomfortableness like I did when I first started carrying. The vest is not rated to stop rifle rounds, but it's a start in the right direction as I welcome any tactical advantage in a firefight.