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Spectacsheller Shell Mountain
After five days, the mound of shells that built up at Blind Pass Captiva last week is still producing exshellent finds.
There was a QUEEN HELMET found this morning!
Donna and Ray from North Carolina were sifting through this shelltastic pile this morning…
when Donna found that cutie little QUEEN HELMET, a SCOTCH BONNET, 2 ALPHABET CONES (a perfect one minutes after I snapped this photo), LETTERED OLIVES, APPLE MUREXES, CERITHS, AUGERS, CHESTNUT TURBANS, FIGHTING CONCHS and gorgeous CALICO SCALLOPS.
Matt and Monika from Ohio found a spot on shell mountain to dig out some gold too.
It was the first time visiting Sanibel and Captiva for Wenjin from New Jersey… she was in shell heaven!
Its the perfect paradise ending to 2014 with 80 degree sunny weather and seashells piled a mile high. Heaven on earth.
I took a random CYBERSHELLING shot on the top of the pile when I first got there. I hope you find a few goodies! (Warning: If you like KITTENS PAWS, you might want to take a big breath before you click on this next photo. heehee)Read More
Bringing On The Beachcombing
There is nothing more exciting than seeing shells line the beach as far as the horizon.
At Tarpon Road beach access (mid island on Sanibel)… that's what we saw yesterday- miles of shells. Amy from Alabama was a happy girl be able to witness this beautiful site as well.
She found oodles of APPLE MUREXES and FIGHTING CONCHS in a wide assortment of colors, patterns and textures along with some other beauties.
I ooohed and ahhhed over her best find (well, her best find to me anyway) which was this ROCK SHELL. Its not often I see these shells so I was excited for Amy that she found one.
I saw Ellie from Wisconsin holding her hand in a way to protect something delicate.
It was a gorgeous double ALTERNATE TELLIN with colors of yellow, pink and mauve. It looks like a beautiful butterfly!
I was thrilled to find a LONG-SPINED URCHIN and a WEST INDIAN SEA URCHIN to add to my mix of treasures (OLIVES, CONCHS, TINTED CANTHARUS, NUTMEG, ROUGH SCALLOP, dark rich BANDED TULIP, a WORMIE and …. candy!)
Then I walked the beach at BLIND PASS Sanibel to see Michelle from Illinois (right) with her family Mary, Mike, Patti and Molly. she was carrying a strange looking shell so I stopped her.
OMG its the lip of verrrry large HELMET shell. Wow! HELMETS are from Caribbean so to see the lip of that shell in such good shape and color was impressive. She also found a nice THORNY OYSTER too. Good eye, Michelle!
I saw Justin and Jeff from Connecticut scooping in the water and Bonnie combing the beach about a mile from the pass (the furthest point in the background).
They were having a ball finding some really nice shells like TULIPS, WHELKS and huge COCKLES. They said they were just as happy to find shells as being here to enjoy this awesome weather.
Krystal S posted on iLS Facebook all the shells they found yesterday morning at Blind Pass Sanibel….
Molly P posted there as well to show us she found this LIONS PAW this week on the Captiva side of Blind Pass. Congratshellations, to all of you!
Keep 'em coming, Mother Nature!
Read More
Finding Seashells On Turks And Caicos Islands
We went to Turks and Caicos Islands on our vacation and it was a-mazing! We explored just about every beautiful inch of North Caicos and took several wild adventures to Middle Caicos and found that to be just as breathtaking.
We had lots of sunshine and warm weather for great beach combing on their awesome picturesque beaches along with plenty of clear aqua water to snorkel for hours at a time. But… best of all… we found a slew of bright, beautiful and colorful seashells! Remember I showed you a photo in my last post of a KING HELMET? Clark has always wanted to find a KING HELMET shell… and now his wish has come true! He was (is) sooooo ecstatic about his find!
Can't you see why?
He was not going to come out of that water until he found something spectacular since he was very jealous (but very happy for me) when I showed him what I found…. an ANGULAR TRITON!
Take a look at this beauty…
I still can't believe how many juvenile QUEEN CONCHS we found…
We found them on just about every beach we visited rolling in the surf…
Most of the empty adult QUEEN CONCHS around the islands had large cuts or holes in the spire of the shell because the locals cut the shell to get the meat out for food so it was hard to find a pretty one to bring home. John "Johnny Rescue" finally found a gorgeous QUEEN CONCH!
I'm still in awe at the glossy brilliant colors of this shell…
Jane found a nice size ANGULAR TRITON too!
It was a little gunky when she found it but it cleaned up like a dream…
We were all thrilled to find SUNRISE TELLINS and GAUDY ASAPHIS shells. The SUNRISE TELLINS are the glossy yellow, pink and white ones that have the sunbeam pattern. We found quite a few different colors of the GAUDY ASAPHIS shells (yellow, orange, purple white and ones with sunbeams as well!) so I'll separate these shells in another post so you can see the difference. Unbelievable, right?
I have so many stories and videos to share with you from our trip but I thought I'd start you off with the most important photos… shells! And that ain't all, folks. We found looots of other amazing shells and beach bling so I'll try to get organized quickly so I can give you the whole run down on Turks and Caicos. To see my other posts on Turks & Caicos CLICK HERE
PS-Now that we are back and I have read all of your thoughtful comments and birthday wishes from so many of you on my last post… I am overwhelmed and humbled by your kindness. Really. Thank you so much for all of your sweet words that made this very special birthday even more special. It really was a shellebration of living life and loving Mother Nature so it's nice to be able to share that with people that feel the same way… you. Shellers!
To see my other posts on Turks & Caicos CLICK HERE.
OH, hold on! Don't forget… I'd love to meet you on one of the dates so click on the next image to book a day!Read More
Queen For The Day!
Why such a crazy face? This is the face of pure unadulterated joy and excitement of finding a seashell….but not just any ordinary seashell. I found a QUEEN HELMET!!!
It's perfect! I can't believe it! This is a rare find in our area. I have never found a QUEEN HELMET before on Sanibel or Captiva and I can't remember ever finding another one before, for that matter. But I did this morning at Blind Pass Captiva's low tide level -0.3.
Notice the beach is built up again on the pass side of the jetty rocks. I think Blind Pass changes more often than Justin Bieber changes his Twitter stats. LOL Okay, yes, I'm still punchy! Let's get back to the QUEEN HELMET… I took this photo before I picked it up to show you how it was laying in the pile of shells.
Would you have noticed it? Here's a closer view of how it was nested amongst so many sweet KITTEN'S PAWS.
I have to tell you, this took great restraint to leave it sitting there to take a photo AND video before picking it up to see if it was whole. I still can't believe I was able to do it but I was like that little QUEEN HELMET hanging with her KITTEN PAW friends. I was amongst friends as well. Our friends Eileen and Rob just arrived in Sanibel yesterday and were at Blind Pass with me this morning so I didn't feel like I had to snatch it up before anybody else would get it. Okay, not that we aren't ALL friends out there on the beach… LOL… but I think you know what I mean about those days when the waves of shells are crashing on the beach and whoever snags the shell off the pile first is the rightful owner (shelling 101 ;)). So here's the video I shot so you can see exactly where we were when I found my QUEEN HELMET!
I know my vid was a little blurry (like my mind after I found it) so here are some still shots so you will know what to look for too…
This is the photo I took right before I found my shell so I'm sure it is sitting in this pile somewhere.
Okay, so after I wrote that last sentence, I had to know… Could I find that shell in this pile? It's like playing Where's Waldo. LOL Can you find it? OMG I think I did but it's not clear… but it's got to be it! What do you think?
Yes, we found other goodies as well (as you saw, Rob found an ALPHABET CONE right before our video eyes!) but I've run out of time and I want to take advantage of being "Queen for the Day" so I'll show you more pics tomorrow. Have a shell of a day!Read More
Platinum Medal Winning Juvenile Junonia
Since I awarded the SAND DOLLAR gold, silver, and bronze medal trophies this week, I knew what I needed to do when I saw this tiny juvenile JUNONIA. I had to award another special seashell medal for the summer shelling Olympics.
The Platinum Shelling medal!
The Platinum Shelling Medal goes to Tobias from Fort Myers!
As we all know, finding a JUNONIA is what we all strive for here in Sanibel and Captiva, but to find such a tiny perfect specimen is very rare… not to even mention how stinkin adorable it is. He found this trophy shell at Blind Pass Captiva near the bridge right where McKenzie found hers last week. Congratulations, Tobias!
So speaking of rare finds, Donnie found another killer shell along with his bronze medal winning seashells this weekend. It's a little beat up but it really looks like a juvenile QUEEN HELMET!
You can find QUEEN HELMETS in the Caribbean, the Keys and on the east coast of Florida but they are not native to our area so this is a really rare find too. It's amazing this made it here mostly in one piece with just some bumps and bruises.
Okay, I already gave you a "medal" Donnie, so you'll just have to add this shell to your other winners. hahaha Which here is a photo of the HELMET with his other awesome finds. He found part of a JUNONIA!
Local sheller Michelle (with Eric) found a piece of JUNONIA too this weekend.
Evan found a SAND DOLLAR and a JUNONIA piece too! Wow! They all found the JUNONIAS at low tide in the same place Tobias found his- Blind Pass.
Jeannie from Tampa found some great shells too…
She found this nice WORM SHELL (Woohoo! WORMIE!), some pretty CALICO SCALLOPS and a bright orange CHESTNUT TURBAN (I wish I had gotten a better picture of that- i love those shells!).
On the Sanibel side of Blind Pass I met the nicest family from Michigan plucking seashells right out of the surf. Meet Gail, Larry, Laura, Kevin and in the front row- Ella, Theo and Emma.
They had just gotten to the beach but they all already found some faces…
Congrats again to Tobias! Thanks for tweeting this photo!
Read More
Road Trip For Seashells In The Florida Keys
The Florida Keys aren't known for beachcombing since seashells just don't roll up on their beaches like they do here in Sanibel, Florida but they DO have shells……you just have to know where to dive or snorkel for them. This was our first time shell collecting in the Keys so we were very fortunate to have wonderful shell-crazy friends MurexKen and MurexAlice (who have been shelling the middle Keys for over 20 years) take us out in their boat to show us there are shells to be found in those vast aqua waters.
Within an hour or so arriving in the Keys, we strapped on our fins, mask, snorkel and grabbed our shell bags then splashed into the water to seek and explore throughout the weekend. MurexKen found a beautiful live QUEEN CONCH to point out the amazing colors and to show us how many there were living in the grasses. Since it was alive, he put it back and told us there is a big fat fine for keeping a live one. Good!
We found lots of AMERICAN STAR-SHELLS……
We found a few LONG-SPINED STAR SHELLS…
…and some WEST INDIAN TOP SHELLS or also called MAGPIE SHELLS…
Clark found some absolutely perfect MILK CONCHS (MK cleaned these up for us- they look so amazing!)….
We snorkeled around the grasses…..( I think I might have to rename MurexKen as MermanKen- he's a fish!)
We snorkeled around bridges….
…where MurexAlice found a nice SEA URCHIN…
We snorkeled around CORAL REEFS alongside QUEEN ANGELFISH ….
We snorkeled around sandy sea bottoms to see this SHORTNOSE BATFISH……weird!……
I spotted a potential keeper shell… is it empty? Please be empty!
Oh YaYah- Nobody's home! He's a little beat up but I can try to clean it up…..
I was so happy to find an empty QUEEN but mine couldn't compare to MerMan MurexKen's Queen Conch with no mollusk inside! Since the lip was broken off they were going to toss it back…..then offered it to us. Of course we'll take it!
I cleaned up most of the shells with 1/4 bleach and water solution except another shell MurexKen gave us…… This outstanding HORSE CONCH with the brown "skin" or PERIOSTRACUM still on it- I love that! I just let that soak in a bucket of water with just a tad of bleach so it wouldn't take the brown off. After I took this photo, I put it back in the bucket to soak some more to get the white "freckles" to soften up even more so I can try to rub them all off. Hey, and take a look at that little conch I found that was so beat up….. I think it's coming along!
We normally have shells roll up to our feet in Sanibel so this was a fun trip for us to work a little harder (snorkeling's a tough job but someone's got to do it! ;) ) at seeing different shells in a different environment. The drive from Sanibel to Big Pine Key was 5 1/2 hours and worth every minute of it to spend time with MurexKen and MurexAlice. It was a trip to remember for sure- Thank you both!
I have to show you one more fascinating shell….. MurexKen found this QUEEN HELMET a few days before we got there. To read more about his finds, he posted a trip report on Trip Advisor CLICK HERE. I don't think it gets any prettier than this…..
I took some of the photos with a new Fuji underwater camera with a movie feature that was pretty good until it opened up underwater and flooded the camera. Needless to say, I took it back. The good news is…. before it flooded, I got a nice video- Click HERE to see it! Also, click HERE to see the DEER COWRIES Clark found.Read More


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Clearing the Air: Quit Smoking Today
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The Myth of Non-Drowsy Antihistamines and Allergy Medicine
Allergy sufferers have long faced a no-win situation with traditional antihistamine medications: sneeze and itch your way through seasonal allergies or take antihistamines and live in a fog instead. Antihistamines stop allergy symptoms by reducing or blocking histamines—chemicals the body releases in response to an allergic trigger. Histamines cause the


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Vera Wang LoveStruck
I had actually bought this in October with an Ulta gift card I got for my birthday, but the smell will always make me thing of the last few months of planning and errand running. For my actual day I wore Vera Wang Princess - I think that scent is more romantic - but for every day wear, LoveStruck is perfect. I love this little roller a lot more than I thought I would, but the cap is broken and leaks inside of my purse. See how crooked it is?!
elf Mineral Face Primer
Before this, I had only ever used primer for my eyes, like Urban Decay's magic potion primer. However, when I was researching wedding makeup tips, a lot of people said that a face primer was a must. I have noticed that my foundation does wear off and get a little splotchy as the day goes on, so I didn't want that to happen mid-ceremony. This primer was less than $10 at Target and I honestly really love it. I'll definitely use it proooobably most days. It takes about a second to apply - it's just a clear little goo that feels like silicon on your face. It didn't really look like anything when I put it on - some reviews say that they could tell it was evening out blemishes and pores - but I did notice that my foundation went on a lot smoother, less streaky, and lasted a lot longer.
Crabtree & Evelyn Hand Therapy
This was the first wedding present we got on Saturday! My best friend and bridesmaid Claire picked this up for me and gave it to me while we were getting ready. The smell - Tarocco Orange - is delicious and was a nice little relaxing detail to all the preparation.
Revlon Colorstay Liquid Foundation
I usually don't wear liquid foundation, but in the same researching that recommended using a face primer, I also found that a lot of brides swore by the quality of this brand. Again, I really loved it, and will probably even switch over to using this on a more frequent basis. It was a lot easier to apply than I remember other liquid foundation to be (and a little goes a long way). The shade was perfect, it didn't fade or get blotchy and streaky, and it didn't look cake-y like I was ready to go on stage.
Rimmel Scandaleyes Waterproof Kohl Eyeliner
This is my favorite! I love wearing white eyeliner on my water line - I think it adds a cute, uh, "eye-popping" effect, but I felt that the stark white might be a little weird for my otherwise neutral look for the day. Someone posted this product on Pinterest and I knew I had to have it. I found it at Target for around $5 and I'm in love. It makes your eyes look larger, but without the bright white.
Maybelline Great Lash Lots of Lashes Mascara
This brand of mascara is the queen of drug store finds. This stuff was great, what can I say? Basic, sturdy mascara - it didn't go on too clumpy, but it was wet enough to coat all of my lashes. Plus, the heart-shaped wand really is the cutest.
Urban Decay Naked3 Palette
As you maybe guessed from my Christmas photos, Markie gifted me with the amazing Naked3 palette - my very first of the Urban Decay eye shadows. I love this thing. And thanks to my elf face primer, my foundation, and my Too Faced eyeshadow primer, and - ohh yeah - a layer of white eye crayon on my lids - this eyeshadow lasted all day and looked perfect until I fell asleep. I used Strange on my brow bone, Dust all over my lid with Buzz on the outside halves - then I used Limit and finally Nooner in the eyelid crease. I didn't use anything darker than Nooner - my eyeliner itself was Sonia Kashuk's gel eyeliner in black, and I didn't want to have to smoky of eyes for my wedding day.
Here, have a grainy iPhone photo from that day to show you what my face looked like!
The only other makeup I used besides the items I listed here was blush from elf (which I think rivals Nars Orgasm and is only $3 and comes with a bronzer), Burt's Bees chapstick, Sonia Kashuk gel liner in black, an off-brand eye crayon in white that I bought for a dollar at heartbreaker (I think it is similar to Nyx jumbo eye pencil), and Revlon's Color Burst Lip Butter in Sugar Plum (the name totally fit with my Nutcracker winter wedding). I bought an elf concealer/highlighter but didn't end up needing it. Also, you can see my manicure! I got my very first gel polish manicure at Aveda the Thursday before and I love it - they used OPI Bubble Bath, I believe.
Let me know if you have any questions! I was so happy to do my own makeup - I wanted to look like me walking down the aisle. I don't regret it at all. It was also pretty special to get to doll myself up for Mark.
xoxo, MaDonna


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Hi all
Been trying to log on the last few days but I was on the road so it wasnt posting....plus I think I need admins approval to post in other threads
Anyhow, hello from Florida
Hi all
Been trying to log on the last few days but I was on the road so it wasnt posting....plus I think I need admins approval to post in other threads
Anyhow, hello from Florida
Just thought Id ask, seeing as this will be my second post...Im trying to reply to one of stormriders threads but it wont let me. If an admin or moderator could check and see why I cant reply and maybe fix the problem, that would be sensational.
just searching now for the forum rules and stuff
Any help would be great
- - - Updated - - -
Just thought Id share a pic of my husband and me back on halloween.
Sheri & Matt
- - - Updated - - -
Must be the lighting Im in....I was looking at the bottom for a reply button and found this at the top
- Welcome to The Dented Helmet, Sexton! You are currently in the NEWLY REGISTERED MEMBER GROUP! Here at TDH, we have a âdelayed entryâ membership plan in which new members can see, but may not be able to post in all areas of the board immediately. Members are required to spend time and participate on the board in order to gain full access to all areas of the board.
Please check out the link below to learn more about why you are classified as a new member, what our restrictions are on new members, and how you can become a full member of this board!
New Member RestrictionsIf you have any additional questions, please do not hesitate to email us or PM an administrator.TDH Admin Staff
ok...slowly working out what I can do and cant do for the next 4 days untill Im considered a full member
I just posted this in the costume section, if anyone can help, it would be mostly appreciated...just want to let stormrider be aware that I want to place an order with him
Hi there guys,
Ive only just joined and apparently I have to wait another 4 days before I can reply in one of the other areas of the forum however I was trying to get a message to "stormrider" in one of his threads and it may be to late to reply in 4 days as he is currently making moulds of Han and would like to let him know that I would like 2 of his latex moulds in his next batch that he is doing
If someone could please possibly copy this link and post it on his link letting him know that we would like to get in touch with him once we have forum privileges to reply, that would be great and really appreciated.
His link to his thread is here
I just thought it would be murpheys law that once I got to reply to this thread in 4 days time and told him that we would like to put an order in, he would reply with...."Im so sorry, if you would of let me know a few days ago"...kinda thing
Any help is appreciated guys
Thank again so much


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MMA Forum - UFC Forums - UFC Results - MMA Videos (http://www.mmaforum.com/forumindex.php)
- UFC (http://www.mmaforum.com/ufc/)
- - Thought regarding The UFC announcing fighters turning down fights? (http://www.mmaforum.com/ufc/106912-thought-regarding-ufc-announcing-fighters-turning-down-fights.html)
Thought regarding The UFC announcing fighters turning down fights?
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This is something that bugged me a few times because I can put myself in the fighters positions, lets say I was a fighter and I turned down a fight, I might not want the UFC telling the media I turned it down.
My reasons for turning down the fight could be personal such as a family matter, it could be a nagging injury and so on.
I just don't feel like Dana White or any other UFC emmployee ohter than the fighter or their management team should be informing the media that they turned down a fight. All those negotiations should remain behind closed doors unless the fighter wants to air it out in the open.
I'm only mentioning this because once again Dana came out and said Kongo turned down the fight with Roy, and it rubs me the wrong way.
What are your thoughts on it?
My feelings are mixed. In the past DW has explained why certain fighters couldn't fight, saying they are injured or are taking some time off for specific reasons.
I also understand fighters are looking at this as a career. Eventually you have to turn down a couple fights because beating up new guys doesn't usually get you a championship fight.
But I do agree, DW tends to throw guys under the bus as some sort of vengeance when it should probably remain an a & b conversation.
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So Dana is an unprofessional amateur, what else is new?
Love the topic.
I think there is nothing wrong with it. it is the equivalent to calling someon on their BS. If you turn down a fight, the only reason should be personal and not related to you not wanting to fight or not thinking the person is on your level. The problem is people turn down fights and don't want to say why or its a stupid reason. So Dana lets the world know. This is always in the back of fighters minds as far as do i really want everyone to know that I didn't want to fight this guy for THIS reason. So I think it keeps people honest. If the reason is personal I honestly think Dana would say it was personal issues and he wouldn't actually say what those personal issues are unless it was injury related. Fighters should have nothing to hide in respect to the fights and the business of fighting. I mean lets face it even their base salary is made public so you know its to be expected that everything else is gonna be center stage as well.
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This example I'm about to give might be a bad one, but I almost see this like an HR issue at my job. I wouldn't want to have a talk with my HR department, which was private, and all of a sudden they go out and CC'ing my whole department through email and divulging part of our convo. It really isn't anyone elses business to know what we spoke about. It should be kept confidential. That's why in my opinion, a fight offer between a promoter and a fighter should be kept confedential, if the fighter refuses to fight, unless the fighter opts to say, "Hey, I backed out for whatever reason."
I can see Dana using this as leverage for a fight, but once a replacement has been booked it's damaging. He gambled with JBJ, attempting to pressure him into a fight with Chael, which didn't pay off. However, there is no telling how many replacement fights have been booked because the fighter is afraid to be perceived as weak.
i'm alright with it.
a fighter can change the context of the news by releasing the info first.
If he didn't tell us, the reporters would just ask "why not this guy instead" and if they turned down the fight he'd have to tell them anyway.
In a perfect world this probably wouldn't happen, but Dana is ultimately a promoter, and will use whatever tactics he can to get the fights he wants.
He's also the type of guy that wouldn't think twice about throwing you under the bus if you've pissed him off, and then you turn down a fight.
As for if it's right or wrong, I don't really have an issue with it. For example, Mitrione turned down Cormier, well no shit, do you blame him? I don't. Mitrione is realistic about his skills and he knows Cormier would lay a whoopin' on him, I'm not gonna fault the guy for that.
On the other hand I do question Jones' decision to turn down Chael, I understand he didn't want Chael to get a title shot by talking and I got love for Chael but Jones is a nightmare for him, and on eight days notice Jones would have lit him up, badly. I don't think Jones is afraid of Chael, but it does seem "odd", I just don't understand why he'd turn down such a favorable match up.
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Church News
Historic church plans two lectures on Colonial Virginia
The Foundation for Historic Christ Church has scheduled two free lectures at the Bayne Center on the church property in Weems. Both lectures are related to life in Colonial Virginia and reflect the theme of "People of the Parish" selected by the foundation for 2011.
05.04.2011SRBA women's retreat to be held at Antioch
The Women's Ministry of the Southside Rappahannock Baptist Association (SRBA) will host its annual Women's Retreat on Saturday, May 7, beginning with registration at 9:30 a.m. The retreat will be held at Antioch Baptist Church in Saluda where Rev. Fred D. Holmes Jr. is pastor.
05.04.2011Clarksbury helps out Heart Havens
On March 26, the United Methodist Men of Clarksbury sponsored a benefit spaghetti dinner for the local Heart Havens home in Kilmarnock. All proceeds from this dinner and a special church offering were given to Heart Havens.
05.04.2011Lawson to be honored at May 15 reception
Hands Across Middlesex cordially invites the public to a reception in honor of Penny Lawson, who has dedicated many years to Hands Across Middlesex. The reception will be at 4 p.m. on Sunday, May 15, at Remlik Wesleyan Church on Flats Road in Remlik.
More Church News: page 315 of 461 pages « First < 313 314 315 316 317 > Last »


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a place for zinesters - writers and readers
Posted on August 25, 2012 at 12:59pm 0 Comments 0 Likes
Hello everyone, my name is Amber, and I just wanted to say I am glad to have found this site so soon after creating my first ever zine! Anyway, I will be regularly creating new zine issues. My Zine series is called Let's C, and it was so much fun to make. Anyways, I'm off to explore my new computer! Tata for now!


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Get the most from your 2 in 1 Portable Potty & Trainer Seat with these perfect-fit liners! They neatly absorb contents and odors, thanks to an absorbent, lightly-scented pad. The handles secure to the potty, then tie together for quick, sanitary disposal. Pack of 10.
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In the foyer, bar and basement of this ever-popular cultural centre are clubs you won't find anywhere else in town: Kurdish, Balkan and Indo-Asian, and sometimes a combination of the three, with bands, poetry readings and spoken-word performances.
Area Stockholm
Transport T-bana Slussen/bus 2, 3, 53, 76 .
Telephone 55 69 72 30
Open varies. Minimum age 18-20.
Admission 50kr-70kr.
Saturday 's are always great. During spring and summer the terrace is assume any day.


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A London start-up that helps retailers use data to improve their business has raised $41 million (£24.6m) from backers of Wonga and House of Fraser to break into America.
eCommera, head quartered off Oxford Street, was founded in 2007 by an ex-BT executive and the founder of online lingerie retailer Figleaves.com.
The firm gives retailers software that helps them manage orders, sell across platforms and better use customer data. The start-up has over 70 customers across 32 countries, including Asda, TM Lewin and Brooks Brothers. Last year eCommera was included in Tech City UK's Future Fifty list of high-growth companies to watch.
eCommera today announced it has raised $41 million from London-based Dawn Capital, who's other investments include Wonga, as well as West Coast Capital, a backer of House of Fraser and shoe retailer Office, and global advertising conglomerate WPP.
Andrew McGregor, eCommera's chief executive, said: "We are already one of the largest cloud-software and service companies in the European market and this investment will enable us to accelerate our global growth, with specific focus on the North American market."
Norman Fiore, managing partner at Dawn Capital, said: "We have reached a tipping point as bricks and mortar retailers aggressively rise to the challenge from pure online players.
"eCommera impressed us with their game-changing technology that enables retailers to increase profitability and deliver compelling customer experiences from first touch-point to final fulfilment."Reuse content


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Saratoga: Fiftyshadesofgold injured, will miss rest of year
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SARATOGA SPRINGS, N.Y. – Upon further review, Fiftyshadesofgold did not escape the Grade 2 Adirondack Stakes here unscathed.
Fiftyshadesofgold, who was interfered with along the rail in the stretch of the Aug. 11 Adirondack by Who's in Town, has a fractured left shin and a chip in her right knee and will be out for the rest of the year, according to trainer Bret Calhoun.
Calhoun said doctors told him that Fiftyshadesofgold should make a complete recovery from both issues.
Fiftyshadesofgold, who won her first two starts, including the $100,000 Debutante Stakes by eight lengths at Churchill Downs, arrived at the Rood & Riddle Equine Hospital on Monday and was scheduled to undergo surgery Tuesday, Calhoun said.
Calhoun said the fractured shin was diagnosed last week, a few days after the Adirondack, in which Fiftyshadesofgold was steadied twice by jockey Corey Lanerie after Who's in Town, under Joel Rosario, came over on her. Calhoun said the chip in the knee wasn't discovered until Monday morning, when, upon arrival at Rood & Riddle, a complete set of X-rays was taken of the filly.
"When you have a race like that, you don't end up winning, and then she comes out of it with an injury, it's very disappointing," Calhoun said. "It was a roughly run race. I thought right after the race we were OK, but then the third or fourth day, we realized we had a problem."
Calhoun also trains Bahnah, the dead-heat winner of the Grade 3 Schuylerville on opening day. She is being pointed to the Grade 1 Spinaway here Sept. 1.
She reminds me so much of Eight Belles. I looked up her pedigree and found that she's Eight Belles' niece.
this is why stewards should take down horses who cause a dangerous situation for another horse and jockey. today's stewards only concentrate on if a horse lost a placing. thanks for caring about the horse and jockey's health.
Rosario should be suspended for as long as the horse. That was a dangerous ride especially coming down on a 2 yr old with grade 1 potential.
Lets hope she makes a full recovery...
Here's to a speedy recovery, looking forward to her 3yr old season.
that's terrible news


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Abbas warns Hamas-led cabinet
Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas said on Monday that he would not dismiss the new Hamas-led government at this time despite the movement's refusal to renounce violence and embrace peacemaking with Israel.
Abbas last week vetoed Hamas' nomination of a senior Palestinian activist to a top security post.
"Hamas is still acting as if it were in opposition, not in government. It has to face realities, it has to be in contact with Israel to meet the daily needs of the Palestinian people," Abbas told Turkish CNN. "Let's wait a while and see if it will change," he said in remarks translated from English into Turkish. "The constitution gives me the right to dismiss the government but I do not want to use this power."
Abbas also warned against plans by Israel's acting Prime Minister Ehud Olmert to set the Jewish state's border around settlements in the occupied West Bank in the absence of peace talks. "It is possible to reach a very fair solution. If terrorism is isolated, it is possible to reach peace in less than one year," he said.
"If Israel moves on its own and imposes a solution, there will be a settlement for 5 or 10 years but then the cycle of violence will resume."


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As I listen just some 'The Cure' stuff around singer and songwriter Robert Smith, I asked myself, why a whole scene here in postfascist Europe since 1976 started by this artificial form of emotainment a black clothes experience, and why all this was labelled as 'gothic' - indeed - German high corporeal media outlets try to prepare a new wave of 'new romantics' as 'hipsters' as you've already seen on the streets near you.
I like this form of emotainment. Whats about you?
Views: 36
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Fontana Electric Recliner Chair
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IMS One World is an innovative staffing and recruitment firm whose customized services help companies and staffing firms source talent for opportunities at home and abroad. Our Global Recruitment Services and Expatriate Services are tailor made for every client's needs, which is a blend of traditional recruitment services and creative solutions to gain foothold in the market and helps them mobilize their human resource value chain.
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Oversaw that monthly targets are achieved by allocating the target across categories Brands and SKUs. Further all the focal points including proper stock availability, additional Empowerments, SKU rationalization, technical training for staffs were conducted regularly To track and achieve the target.
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Tuesday, 8 March 2016
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So I changed all rotors and pads and also replaced the two rear calipers, followed by bleeding the system. But when testing the brakes, the pedal had become spongy.
When engine is off, it firms up after stepping repeatedly a few times. However, once the engine is on, the pedal is spongy and travels a lot.
The brakes do work and the handbrake also works on both rears.
When bleeding, I tightened the bleeder screw when the fluid was completely free of air. After the screw had been tightened the person stepping on the brake released the pedal - although not slowly - is this an issue?
Did I really break the Master Cylinder? I will try re-bleeding, but I am concerned that the MC crapped on me. Would the MC break if I turned on the engine when the MC was very low on fluid (as it had leaked from a broken caliper?
Help is much appreciated.


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I have a Georgia CCL but it is not valid in Ohio. I know the law pretty well about transporting a firearm without a CCL but I want to have it printed out with me for the trip. Can somebody point me towards the Ohio law?
I do have one question though about transport: I know the firearm has to be unloaded. Does the ammo have to be in a different container/lock box from the firearm or can it be stored with the firearm?
Sixto or any other Ohio member's inputs would be appreciated.


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Upper Austria University of Applied Sciences, Campus Linz, Garnisonstrasse 21, 4020 Linz, Austria
Nerve Clinic Linz, Department of Pathology and Neuropatholgy, Wagner-Jauregg Weg 15, 4020 Linz, Austria
Medical University of Vienna, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, Dr. Bohrgasse 9/3, 1030 Vienna, Austria
Ecole Normale Supérieure, Department of Biologie, 46 rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France
Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstrasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
We present a cluster spatial analysis method using nanoscopic dSTORM images to determine changes in protein cluster distributions within brain tissue. Such methods are suitable to investigate human brain tissue and will help to achieve a deeper understanding of brain disease along with aiding drug development. Human brain tissue samples are usually treated postmortem via standard fixation protocols, which are established in clinical laboratories. Therefore, our localization microscopy-based method was adapted to characterize protein density and protein cluster localization in samples fixed using different protocols followed by common fluorescent immunohistochemistry techniques. The localization microscopy allows nanoscopic mapping of serotonin 5-HT1A receptor groups within a two-dimensional image of a brain tissue slice. These nanoscopically mapped proteins can be confined to clusters by applying the proposed statistical spatial analysis. Selected features of such clusters were subsequently used to characterize and classify the tissue. Samples were obtained from different types of patients, fixed with different preparation methods, and finally stored in a human tissue bank. To verify the proposed method, samples of a cryopreserved healthy brain have been compared with epitope-retrieved and paraffin-fixed tissues. Furthermore, samples of healthy brain tissues were compared with data obtained from patients suffering from mental illnesses (e.g., major depressive disorder). Our work demonstrates the applicability of localization microscopy and image analysis methods for comparison and classification of human brain tissues at a nanoscopic level. Furthermore, the presented workflow marks a unique technological advance in the characterization of protein distributions in brain tissue sections.
Recent developments in fluorescence microscopy methods allow for the localization of single molecules with subdiffraction precision. Current nanoscopic imaging techniques are essentially based around two major concepts: stochastic single molecule localization and deterministic ensemble imaging. The best known examples of deterministic imaging techniques include stimulated emission depletion and structured illumination microscopy.1–5 In contrast, stochastic super-resolution imaging techniques rely on precise positional determination of single molecules and image reconstruction. These techniques include, for example, photo-activated localization microscopy and stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy.6–11 One application for super-resolution microscopy is the accurate determination of a protein's spatial and temporal cellular distributions. Apart from localization, these techniques also provide additional information about protein cluster characteristics (e.g., number of molecules per cluster and density), which are not available when imaged with conventional diffraction-limited optics.12,13 Recently, the mentioned techniques were adapted for imaging human tissues.14–16 In our study, we applied STORM microscopy on healthy and pathological brain tissue samples obtained postmortem to analyze the spatial distribution of receptors on neuronal and glial cells.
The STORM method is based on photo-activation of fluorescent molecules. However, in our experiments, we apply a modification of STORM called dSTORM (direct STORM). In the dSTORM technique, fluorophores switch between a detectable fluorescent and a nonfluorescent (dark) state by a light-induced chemical reaction.11,17,18 This process is repeated many times and allows the reconstruction of an image via the molecular distribution within a sample. Especially in the case of the complex-organized brain, the precise characterization of receptor distribution will provide insights in brain tissue organization, as a tool to discriminate receptors on neuronal and glial cells, and finally in classification of brain's diseases. In order to test the model system, we have focused on nanoscopic localization of the well-characterized serotonin receptor 5-HT1A, a G-protein-coupled receptor widely distributed in regions of frontal cortex, septum, amygdale, hippocampus, and hypothalamus. Interestingly, serotonin responses strongly correlate with depressive symptoms [major depressive disorder (MDD)], exhibiting low brain 5-HT abundance and reduced density of serotonin 1A receptor (5-HT1A) and transporter (5-HTT).19–22
In this primarily technical study, we developed a statistical spatial analysis method for characterization of dSTORM images tested on serotonin 5-HT1A receptors in brain tissue samples using fluorescently labeled antibodies. The immunocytochemical approach allows nanoscopic two-dimensional (2-D) mapping of serotonin receptor groups. To enable anatomical orientation within the tissue of the frontal cortex, glial cells are also labeled with a second anti-glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) antibody.
For proper comparison of image samples, we used our novel clustering-based analysis method at the single-molecule level. This analysis uses hierarchical clustering to construct molecule clusters with a given distance (size) between the molecule positions. For each prepared cluster set, a number of selected cluster features are calculated including shape, relative molecule density, relative number of fluorophores, and the distance of a cluster to the skeleton representation of a bulky fluorescent structure (e.g., glial cells). These empirical distributions of features form the basis of comparison in spatial patterns determined from the fluorescent two-color images.
To verify our method, healthy brain tissue (cryopreserved samples) were compared with epitope-retrieved and paraffin-fixed tissues, which was stored for different time periods. The comparison demonstrates the influence of long-term sample preservation, which is an important issue for further studies on bank material; So far, fixation artifacts have never been quantified on a nanoscopic level. Moreover, results on cluster densities, fluorophore numbers, shapes, and cluster distances-to-skeleton (representation of glia cells) determined from healthy brain tissues were compared with data obtained from brain samples of depressive patients.
The experimental results indicate that our method can be used for further studies on complex processes like receptor density changes. Furthermore, it allows tissue classification at a nanoscopic level of routine pathology samples of various diseases. Moreover, the presented relationship between the clusters and the structure of the bulk fluorescence image enables a more precise analysis of the concentration and the density of receptors surrounding the glia scaffold.
The tests of the platform were performed on the postmortem routine brain tissue samples. A list of test sample sources is presented in Table 1.
The native brain samples were incubated with Tissue-Tek O.C.T.™ Compound (Sakura®) (glycolen-based) and subsequently cooled and cut with a Cryostat (CM3050S, Leica Microsystems, Wetzlar, Germany). The cut brain slices were attached to coverslips (article number 1871, Carl Roth, Karlsruhe, Germany) and stored at −20°C. All brain tissues were cut orthogonally to the cortical layers.
For the fixation procedure (for samples fixed after 2007), the samples were incubated in a formalin solution for a period of ∼20 h (depending on sample size derived from the patient) and rinsed with distilled water. Thereafter, the samples were washed with a solution containing an ascending ethanol dilution series (60%, 70%, 80%, and 96% in distilled water and 100%; ∼10 h total wash time). Subsequently, the ethanol washing solution was replaced by xylol (99%, Dako, Vienna, Austria) for 1 h and embedded in paraffin for 30 min.
For the older fixation procedure (samples fixed before 2007), the timing for fixation steps with ethanol, xylol, and paraffin was different. After the biopsies, the samples were incubated in a formalin solution for a minimum of 4 h. The successive ascending ethanol dilution series (60%, 70%, 80%, and 96% in distilled water and 100%) were completed in 27 h. Thereafter, the ethanol was replaced with xylol (15 h) and embedded in paraffin for 12 h.
For both fixation methods, the paraffin-embedded samples were cut with a Mikrotom (RM2255, Leica) in ∼3-μm thick slices and attached to coverslips (the same as for the cryopreserved samples). To remove the paraffin, the samples were incubated with xylol and descending isopropanol series (96%, 80%, and 70% in distilled water). The epitope retrieval was conducted by boiling the sample in the washing solution (PT module, Thermo Scientific, Vienna, Austria) for 1 h. The samples were stored for maximum 7 days at room temperature (25°C) in Dulbecco's phosphate buffered saline (PBS) buffer until further usage.23
To prepare the necessary reaction chamber, adhesive silicone isolators (JTR20-A-2.5, GRACE BIO-LABS, Oregon) were bound to the glass slide carrying the brain tissue. The samples were incubated for 12 h at 6°C with anti-GFAP, anti-HT1A, and fetal calf serum as a competitor. After 12 h of incubation, the samples were rinsed once with Dulbecco's PBS buffer [1× (without Ca and Mg); PAA—The Cell Culture Company, Pasching, Austria]. To induce the Atto655 fluorophore blinking, cysteamine (2-mercaptoethylamine, Sigma Aldrich, Vienna, Austria) at a 20 to 40 mM concentration was used. All samples were measured within 24 h after incubation. All measurements were performed in Dulbecco's PBS buffer.
Astrocyte labeling: The astrocytes were marked with an anti-GFAP mouse anti-human monoclonal IgG antibody labeled with Alexa Fluor® 488 (Molecular Probes®, Vienna, Austria).
HT1A receptor labeling: The HT1A receptors were marked with an anti-HTR1A rabbit anti-human antibody (LS-B970/27181, Lifespan BioSciences Inc., Seattle) This antibody turned out to be best suited for immunohistochemistry experiments and is also used at the Nerve Clinic Linz (LNK) for neural standard screening.
Anti-HTR1A antibody was labeled via a N-hydroxysuccinimid (NHS)-ester bond with Atto655 (Attotec, Attotec. Labeling protocol, Siegen, Germany).
Seventy-five microliters of 1 mg/ml HTR1A (dissolved in PBS buffer and 2% sucrose) were diluted with a 0.2-M sodium bicarbonate buffer at a pH of 8.4. Thereafter, 1 μl of 0.25 mg/ml Atto655 dimethylsulfoxid (DMSO) solution was added to adjust a labeling ratio of ∼1.8. The reaction mixture was incubated for 1 h at room temperature. To separate the labeled HTR1A antibodies from free dyes, a PD-10 Sephadex® G-25m column (GE Healthcare, Pittsburgh) was used. The labeling solution was purified via a PD-10 purification column in PBS buffer. To concentrate the labeled antibody, the eluate was pelleted (Thermo, Multifuge 1S-R, HERAEUS, Thermo Scientific, Vienna, Austria). The solution was split into three aliquots and stored at −20°C.
The images were taken on a modified Olympus IX81 inverted microscope. The samples were illuminated through an Olympus UApo N 100×/1.49 NA oil objective with two diode lasers at 642-nm (Omicron Laserage Laserprodukte GmbH—Phoxx® 642, Rodgau-Dudenhofen, Germany) and 491-nm wavelength (Cobolt Calypso 100™, Solna, Sweden). The signal acquisition was carried out on an Andor iXonEM + 897 (back-illuminated) EMCCD (16-μm pixel size).
Used filter sets:
The experiments were performed using excitation powers of 3.35 and 0.025 kW/cm2 at 642 and 491 nm, respectively. The samples were illuminated for 10 ms (642 nm) and 5 ms (491 nm) with 40 ms delay time. The illumination protocols were timed with a custom-made LabView®-based control software.
The requirement of multicolor imaging presents additional challenges for tissue imaging and analysis. Given the low signal-to-noise ratio of single-molecule images, we have chosen a detection method based on the isotropic undecimated wavelet transform (IUWT).24,25 Wavelet thresholding offers a robust solution for the detection of small bright features, for example, detection of subcellular structures labeled by fluorescent dyes. Since a fluorescent dye can be considered as a point light source, its image is the point-spread function of the optical system that can be approximated by a 2-D Gaussian shape. The typical noise model is photon count noise, following a Poisson distribution, and an additive Gaussian read-out noise: Display Formula
For an EMCCD camera, the model including the effect of the multiplier can be approximated26 by the equation: Display Formula
To deal with heterogeneity of the image noise, a variance-stabilizing transform is applied prior to the IUWT. The implementation of IUWT is based on the binomial filter h=[1,4,6,4,1]/16 as scaling function and the "à trous" algorithm.25,27 The wavelet coefficients are computed as the difference between two successive scales. The wavelet coefficients of the finest resolution are discarded as noise. The remaining coefficients are threshold based on the control of false discovery rate as proposed in 28. The pixels considered significantly across scales are the result of the single-molecule detection step.
Subsequently, the detected molecules' position was determined with subpixel accuracy by least square fitting of a 2-D Gaussian function in the neighborhood of the detected significant pixels. An estimation of the localization accuracy was also calculated.29,30
Commonly, the position determination for image reconstruction is only limited by the single-molecule signal and the local background noise (see Thompson/Mortensen formula).29,31 The fixation and epitope-retrieval protocols used guarantee good single-molecule detection. However, this assumption can be inaccurate, if, for example, the setup exhibits an intrinsic error in position determination. In order to consider this additional dynamic offset in the estimation of the position accuracy (PA), we assumed a bound fluorescent antibody as mobile and calculated the PA via error of the mean square displacement (MSD). The position deviation was described by MSD error estimation for a single trajectory using Qian formula30,32,33Display Formula
In our approach, the calculated PA via MSD (offset of the MSD plot) is global (PAg), averaged over all single-molecule signals detected over all frames, and describes the smallest localization radius in the image. To characterize the smallest possible localization accuracy of our setup, glass bound and sparsely distributed Atto655-labeled antibodies were used. The estimated PA was determined to be 22.2∓3.9 nm (approximately two to three times larger than the size of an antibody34). This value defines the resolution limit for the dSTORM images. Local position accuracies (PAl) for individual single molecules were determined via standard deviation of the peak position over all illuminated frames within the maximal search radius of PAg. For the image reconstruction, the mean values of all point coordinates detected within PAg were used. In comparison, the calculated Thompson PA reaches a value of 11 nm (minimum); however, it does not take into account the setup properties.
Due to the heterogeneous laser profile and variations in setup adjustment in the particular experiments, the images analyzed at single molecule show a nonregular density profile along the y-axis (heterogeneous illumination). Therefore, for comparison of two sample images, it is necessary to choose the nearly homogenous illuminated sectors from both images. To ensure that both images have the same size, we first calculated the normalized molecule density distribution along the y-axis of an image. The normalized molecule density for a given y-value is the ratio of the density of molecules in an image segment with a length [0, xmax] and a width y±Δ to the molecule density of the whole image (total number of molecules/image surfaces). The estimated density profile along the y-axis is then approximated with a one-dimensional Gauss function. The width of a segment is determined as width of the Gauss function at 50% of its maximal value (typically 140 to 200 pixels). An example of sector determination is presented in Fig. 1.
(a) Empirical density distribution and a Gauss fit of molecule density along the y-axis of an image. (b) Selected sector of an image.
In order to determine the spatial distribution pattern of receptors, we need to find characteristic parameters or image features, which will help us to quantify changes between the images. Classical spatial analysis uses the changes of selected spatial parameters, which take place when the distance scale (observation scale) is made to vary. The most popular method, proposed by Ripley (known as Ripley K- and L-functions),35 describes the characteristics of the point groups (clusters) at many distance scales. For given maximal distance between points in cluster d, the Ripley's L(d) function is estimated as Display Formula
Ripley's L-functions (distance d in pixel) for cryopreserved (L1) and paraffin-fixed (L2) images of a healthy brain tissue. Both samples show statistically significant clustering dissimilarity to complete spatial randomness (CSR) distribution at smaller distances and significant dispersion at larger distance. However, similarity between both samples (L1 and L2) is very high (p-value of Kolmogorov–Smirnov two-sample nonparametric test is equal to 0.96).
Therefore, we propose a novel approach for spatial analysis based on clustering of preselected image sectors and cluster profiling. In our case, the Ripley's L-function is only used for establishing the significant interval of distance scale (cluster maximal size) dmin to dmax (Fig. 2).
The selected sector of points (single molecules) can be clustered in nonoverlapping clusters C(d) with a cluster dimension less or equal to a given value d[d∈(dmin,dmax)]. The dimension d of cluster (cluster size) is the maximal distance between points within the cluster. For fast clustering of a given sector of image, we use the hierarchical agglomerative clustering (HAC) method with complete link.33 HAC clusters are established by cutting the dendrogram at a desired level so that each connected component (subclusters) forms a new cluster. The linkage between two clusters is achieved by complete linkage. This method is well suited for our consideration, because it takes into account the "similarity" between clusters based on the "outermost" points [the least distance-similar (33)] in clusters. The two clusters with a minimal complete linkage are merged in a new one. For a given distance d, HAC algorithm generates a lot of nonoverlapping clusters so that the dimension (size) of each cluster is less or equal d. The clusters represent stochastic distribution of points in selected sector, scaled into a cluster set. For each cluster, we defined local characteristics (features) which describe the spatial structure of a sector more accurately than with the standard spatial analysis method.
Each cluster c(d)∈C(d) can be characterized by the following local features:
An example of clustering and cluster features is presented in Fig. 3.
Cluster and cluster features for cryopreserved sample images of a healthy brain tissue. (a) Image sector and clustering result for cluster max-size d=18 pixels. (b) Skeleton of bulk fluorescence image (a) (glia tissue) and localized molecules (dots). (c) Mean value of clusters eccentricity (y-axis) and clusters distance-to-skeleton (z-axis) as function of cluster size (x-axis) for d from 1 to 35 pixels (light gray). For comparison, the clustering results for randomly located points on the same image are represented by the black. The eccentricity and distance-to-skeleton of randomly located points are almost constant for all cluster sizes. (d) Mean values of relative cluster density (y-axis) and cluster distance-to-skeleton (z-axis) as function of cluster size (x-axis) for d from 1 to 35 pixels (light gray). Black represents the same features for randomly located points. The mean density of cluster and mean distance-to-skeleton is almost constant, too.
We gathered information about cluster properties in the aforementioned manner and compared the resulting data with cluster features extracted from randomly located points on the same image. The average eccentricity of the clusters changes from an almost circular shape to the shape of an elongated ellipse with increasing mean distance-to-skeleton and cluster size. A similar behavior was observed for changes in the density of the clusters. The average density of the cluster decreases with the increase of the average distance-to-skeleton and with the increase in the size of clusters. In contrast, the average eccentricity and average density of clusters for randomly located points is almost constant for all cluster sizes.
In order to characterize and compare the spatial distribution of single receptors between two image sectors of two samples, we applied the features described above for spatial analysis. For each cluster set, we used C(d) derived from two sample images and computed the empirical feature distributions fluor(d), dens(d), ecc(d), and dist(d) for each distance d from the test interval [dmin,dmax], respectively. Next, for a pair of such distributions (e.g., dens1(d)—first sample and dens2(d)—second sample) and for a d obtained from the clustering process of the first and second samples, we made two null hypotheses:
These distributions can be compared with the Kolmogorov–Smirnov two sample nonparametric test or with the Wilcoxon rank sum test.39–41 We tested both hypotheses at the standard 5% significance level using a two-sample Kolmogorov–Smirnov test. The Kolmogorov–Smirnov test calculates the p-value pv(d) between two empirical distributions for a given maximum size of clusters d. It is sensitive to differences between the empirical cumulative distribution functions of the two samples. The test rejects the null hypothesis (at the 5% significance level), if pv(d)<0.05 [where pv(d)=pvequal(d) for test of hypothesis I and pv(d)=pvlarge(d) for test of hypothesis II]. Additionally, we apply a 2-D and two-sample Kolmogorov–Smirnov test.42 This test compares a pair of 2-D distributions using Fasano and Franceschini's generalization of the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test.42 The test of null hypothesis II can be applied to identify differences between samples, but only for selected spatial features of a cluster, for example the receptor–density distribution.
The test of null hypothesis I is used to define the similarity coefficient between two samples. The similarity coefficient is the mean of the weighted sum of the pv(d) values for the different cluster features like fluor(d) and pairwise features like [dens(d), dist(d)] and [ecc(d), dist(d)] [throughout the range of cluster size (d)]. The weighted sum of the pv(d) is called aggregated p-value pvagg(d). Display Formula
To estimate the similarity or dissimilarity between two images, it is sufficient to compare these three p-values pv(d) on the interval [dmin,dmax]. The analysis of the presented images by using the Ripley's L-function revealed an appearance of statistically significant clustering dissimilarity, when compared with a complete spatial randomness (CSR) distribution usually in the distance interval of [dmin,dmax]=[1,∼35] pixels. This interval was chosen for the further estimation and comparison of pvlarge-value functions. To exemplify the method described above, a comparison of two brain tissue images is presented in Fig. 4.
(a) Image of a cryopreserved healthy brain tissue. (b) Image of a paraffin-fixed healthy brain tissue. (c) Comparison between (a) and (b) samples—pvagg(d) of cluster features distributions with similarity coefficient=0.234 [gray zone shows minimal and maximal values of aggregated pv(d)]. (d) Image of a cryopreserved healthy brain tissue. (e) Image of a brain tissue of patient with depressive disease. (f) Comparison between (d) and (e) samples—pvagg(d) of cluster features distributions (similarity coefficient=0.029).
We analyzed dSTORM-imaged brain tissue samples with the presented method in order to extract cluster features of our protein of interest, the serotonin 5-HT1A receptor. Since this receptor is expressed on the surface of neural as well as glial cells, we used the co-localization with an exclusively glial marker to demonstrate that this features-based analysis method is applicable for tissue classification at a nanoscopic level. To experimentally verify the presented method, neocortex tissue samples from healthy individuals and patients suffering from a mental disorder were used (see Table 1).
For dSTORM-imaging of serotonin receptor clusters on glial and nerve cells, the sample preparation methods and the illumination conditions had to be adapted. All measurements were performed on ∼3-μm thin brain slices. To reduce autofluorescence and light scattering for two-color imaging, we used a total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy derived43 highly inclined and laminated optical (HILO) sheet illumination configuration.44,45 In this configuration, a laser beam is tilted through a single objective and leads to the illumination in only a thin intersection of the focal plane. The method is, however, not related to the wide-field imaging technique HiLo.46,47
The target proteins were labeled with commercially available antibodies marked with Alexa488 or Atto655 fluorophores (Attotec, Siegen, Germany). In case of the polyclonal anti-serotonin receptor antibody (Lifespan BioSciences Inc., Seattle), the labeling was performed via covalent amino fluorophore conjugation, and for the specific recognition of the glia, a monoclonal Alexa488-conjugated antibody (Molecular Probes, Vienna, Austria) against GFAP was used. We aimed to have a labeling ratio of 1.8 fluorophores per antibody, which guarantees that a relatively high amount of antibodies are labeled with just a single fluorophore and at the same time leads to a low abundance of blank antibodies. Due to this stochastic-labeling method, an exact quantification of the protein number within a serotonin receptor cluster is not possible. However, to guarantee the comparability of the samples measured in this work, all tissues are incubated with antibodies labeled in the same batch. Estimating more accurate numbers of serotonin receptors will require a labeling ration of one fluorophore per antibody and a detection system in which every fluorophore will only be imaged once. Moreover, the receptor recognition is also restricted to the binding affinity of the commercially available polyclonal antibodies. Due to their probabilistic binding kinetics, they cannot mark all successfully retrieved serotonin receptors.
We used the fluorescently labeled glia cells for orientation within the tissue slice by keeping the density of the glia cells in the imaged areas constant. Those receptor signals which did not colocalize with the glial skeleton are neural receptors and, interestingly, they also form clusters. However, only the anti-5HT1A antibodies were characterized via localization microscopy. To apply dSTORM imaging, the photoswitching rate of Atto655 fluorophores needed to be adjusted to ensure sufficient long fluorophore off times. A 40 mM of cysteamin (MEA) were added to the measurement buffer. The Atto655-conjugated antibody was continuously illuminated at 4 mW/cm2 power with a frame rate of 20 frames/s (∼800 photons/fluorophore). Fast illumination times and rather sparse serotonin clusters required 1200 frames for a fully reconstructed image. It was acquired within 1 min with localization accuracy down to 22.5 nm (Fig. 5). The described system adjustments are necessary to arrange two-color imaging and localization microscopy of fixed brain tissues (Fig. 6).
(a) Single-molecule imaging setup. (b) Image of a single molecule with localized centers of all detected events from this molecule. (c) Zoom of the center pixel from (b).
(a) Image of the cryofixed brain tissue; green-labeled glia tissue with white-marked localized serotonin receptors (circle radius 27±4.3 nm, pixel size 160 nm). The areas A and B represent zoomed out clusters of reconstructed images. In the reconstructed image, the localized single-molecule positions were fitted with a normalized Gauss, multiplied with maximal intensity of the dyes, and detected within PAg (Gaussian FWHM=PAg, pixel size 15 nm). (b) Image of the paraffin-fixed brain tissue (conserved in 2010; epitope retrieval 2012); green-labeled glia tissue with white-marked localized serotonin receptors (circle radius 28±3.6 nm, pixel size 160 nm). The areas C and D represent zoomed out clusters of reconstructed images. All detected fluorophores were Gaussian fitted at their original positions (FWHM=PAl, pixel size 15 nm).
The presented image analysis was tested using samples from different patients (see Table 1), which were prepared following different fixation protocols. Generally, the test samples can be classified in the following groups: cryopreserved brain tissue of healthy individuals (Group A—13 samples), paraffin-fixed samples of healthy individuals (Group B—6 samples), samples taken from MDD patient with Alzheimer (Group C—2 samples), samples of a depressive (MDD) alcoholic patient (Group D—4 samples), and long-time preserved paraffin-fixed samples (Group E—3 samples).
We computed the aggregated pvagg(d) functions for cluster size d∈[dmin,dmax] and similarity coefficient for each pair of images within the same sample group and between different groups.
Figure 7 presents the pairwise comparison matrix of images from all samples [Fig. 7(a)] and sample groups [Fig. 7(b)]. The grayscale (black—similarity coefficient=1, white—similarity coefficient=0) matrix elements represent the mean of the aggregated p-values, i.e., the pairwise similarity coefficient between the samples.
(a) The similarity coefficient values between compared pairs of images from all sample groups (test of null hypothesis I). The submatrix A represents data from cryopreserved samples, submatrix B—paraffin-fixed samples prepared in 2010, submatrix C—a major depressive disorder (MDD) patient with Alzheimer as well as Parkinson, submatrix D—a depressive (MDD) alcoholic patient, and submatrix E—paraffin-fixed samples prepared 2007. A strong similarity between images from cryopreserved and paraffin-fixed samples (year 2010) is observed. Long-time preserved paraffin-fixed samples (year 2007) show much lower comparability to the earlier fixed and cryopreserved samples. Moreover, a strong dissimilarity between the cryopreserved and fixed samples versus patient group was observed. (b) Average of similarity coefficient values calculated between all samples groups—global similarity coefficient for null hypothesis I.
Based on this pairwise comparison, we constructed the global statistical similarity coefficient between the different sample groups. The global similarity coefficient between two groups of samples can be calculated as the mean value of similarity coefficients between all sample pairs from both groups.
The first measurements were performed on cryopreserved samples. The cryogenic tissue preservation method was used for two reasons: first, to test the consistency of the brain slices, and second, to find a reference system for optimizing the fixation protocols for two-color imaging and for comparison with fixed healthy/pathologic tissue samples. Furthermore, the cryo-preservation method is also used to determine the antibody concentration required to saturate the serotonin H1 receptors in the brain tissue and to quantify the unspecific binding (incubation with unspecific Alexa647-labeled anti-GFP antibody). The concentration used was estimated to be 0.8 μg of antibodies per sample with almost 2 orders of magnitude higher specificity. The samples are derived from patients with no mental disability and died of cardiac decompensation and pulmonary edema with previous records of atrial fibrillation (see Table 1). The data were obtained from two patients with five and eight technical replicas, respectively [Fig. 7(a), submatrix A]. To ensure comparison between the same regions, only samples of the prefrontal cortex have been used. Moreover, we chose images with a similar density of the glia cells (21±1.5% average density), which was determined via intensity thresholding of the images' sectors, the same as used for cluster analysis. The threshold level was kept manually constant in all images. The comparison shows a 0.33 global similarity coefficient agreement between the cryopreserved samples. This result implies a good similarity between the samples regarding their cluster size, elliptic elongation, and density distribution in relation to the structure of the fluorescent bulk signal (glial tissue). Moreover, the results show that the proposed spatial analysis method is able to characterize serotonin H1 receptor clusters within human brain tissue at single-molecule level.
The main objective of this study was to develop a method to quantify receptor distributions in thin sections of brain tissue on a nanoscopic level. Such a method should also be applicable to fixed samples stored for long periods. In a second step, we used the presented spatial analysis method to study the impact of the fixation method on sample quality. Therefore, we compared cryopreserved with paraffin-embedded tissues. The data of the paraffin-embedded tissue were collected from two patients [fixation year 2010 and three technical replicas for each patient—Fig. 7(a), submatrix B]. The analyzed images have a 20±3% glia cell density. The comparison indicates a global similarity coefficient agreement of 0.2 inside the sample groups. Moreover, we also observed a high similarity between the cryo- and paraffin-preserved tissues with global similarity coefficient of ∼0.2 between the samples. This confirms a good capability of our method for the comparison of tissue samples.
Furthermore, we wanted to test whether differences in the fixation protocols and extended storing times will have an impact on sample comparison. The comparability between differently treated and stored samples would significantly extend the applicability of the method [Fig. 7(a), submatrix E]. Paraffin samples had been prepared before 2007 by using a different fixation method and were compared with cryopreserved and freshly prepared paraffin samples. The comparison shows a global similarity of ∼0.1 to the cryopreserved tissue and a negligible similarity (global similarity of 0.018) to the paraffin-embedded slice. The data suggest that both the longer alcohol treatment in the older fixation procedure and the longer storage may have a negative impact on sample quality by causing a stronger epitope damage of the target protein. Consequently, for a precise comparison, our method requires consistency in sample conservation and fixation date as well.
To test the applicability of the localization microscopy and the cluster analysis in neuropathology, we concentrated on a very challenging field—the neuropathology of psychiatric disease. We compared healthy brain samples with samples of MDD patients (two patients with two and four technical replicas, respectively, each prepared in two individual batches). The first patient suffered from MDD and additionally from other diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's (two technical replicas). The glia tissue density was shown to be around 19±0.5% [Fig. 7(a), submatrix C]. This tissue displays a high 0.48 global similarity value for sample comparison inside the group. The second patient analyzed suffered from alcoholism; the four samples of this patient display a global similarity value of 0.24 at a glia tissue density of 20±3% [Fig. 7(a), submatrix D]. We observed a dissimilarity between the brain tissues of the MDD patients and the healthy patient. We denote global similarity of 0.07 and 0.05 compared with healthy cryopreserved and paraffin-fixed tissues, respectively. The comparison between the two MDD patients displays a similarity coefficient value of ∼0.14, which shows a moderate agreement between the samples. These first results are promising for the future use of localization microscopy and the proposed special analysis technique for characterization and classification of human brain tissue. Although our study is limited to a small number of patients and to a single cortical region, the analysis reveals differences between pathological and healthy brain tissues which render the method applicable in the complex field of biological psychiatry.
The presented method allows the classification of the samples based on their similarity; however, it does not provide statistical information about the relative cluster fluorophore number or density. Therefore, in a second comparison we determined the plarger-value to test the null hypothesis II (for a definition see Sec. 2), which assumes that the first-sample empirical distribution CDF is larger than (or equal to) the second-sample empirical distribution CDF. A larger distribution corresponds to a larger cluster size and density by comparing one sample with the other. The comparison is restricted to individual features, for example, the relative number of fluorophores per cluster—fluor(d) or relative cluster density—dens(d). The test is performed within a cluster size interval of d∈[1,35] pixels. The result for relative cluster density distribution is presented in Fig. 8. The test of the null hypothesis II of cluster relative density was prepared on pairs of samples from groups A and B and samples from groups C and D.
(a) Mean p-value obtained from comparison between pairs of samples (over the complete distance interval) for testing of null hypothesis II [for dens(c[d])]: Group A—cryopreserved samples, group B—healthy paraffin-fixed samples, group C—first MDD patient, group D—second MDD patient. The distribution CDF of dens1(d) of sample 1 (rows) is larger than the distribution CDF of dens2(d) of sample 2 (columns). (b) Average pvlarge-values between samples groups.
The mean cluster density derived from C and D samples is smaller than from samples of healthy individuals (A and B samples). Cryopreserved as well as paraffin-fixed samples of healthy individuals [Fig. 8(a), rows of submatrices A and B] show a high similarity between empirical CDFs of cluster density and fluorophore ratio with aggregated plarger-values between 0.4 and 0.7 for cluster density and between 0.7 and 0.9 for cluster fluorophore ratio. In contrast, the samples from C and D groups [Fig. 8(a), rows of submatrices C and D] manifest a significantly lower similarity between CDFs of density and fluorophore ratio (aggregated plarger-values between 0.04 and 0.09) compared with healthy brains samples from groups A and B.
Structural insights into receptor distribution within the brain have far-reaching consequences into the understanding of brain tissue composition and its changes due to mental illness and drug treatment. The analysis of small size clusters has up to now primarily relied on electron microscopy, which offers exquisite spatial resolution but has limitations in multicomponent analysis.14,48 Fluorescence microscopy overcomes these limitations, but its diffraction limit does not allow exact position analysis of receptors.
Within this study, we successfully applied a dual-color, single-molecule, 2-D super-resolution method to determine the protein distribution of serotonin receptor 5-HT1AR in brain tissue. In particular, we were able to visualize serotonin receptor clusters at nanometer resolution level (down to 22.5 nm) in native and fixed dense light-scattering brain tissues. Our results were obtained from samples that are typically used in immunohistochemistry, which simplifies the implementation of our approach and shows a promising potential for more accurate analysis applications. The fast-imaging process further allows the recording of large sets of high-resolution images, which renders the comparative analysis between different tissue samples possible. The 2-D image of nanoscopically mapped serotonin receptors was used for a novel cluster-based analysis with respect to their sizes, densities, elongations, and relationship to bulk fluorescent structures (glia tissue). Herein, we would like to stress that the presented clustering method is the only technique which enables the combined analysis of localization microscopy and bulk fluorescence imaging. The proposed spatial analysis method allowed us to characterize the effects of long-term paraffin conservation and epitope retrieval on brain tissue. Also, the analysis method reveals differences between pathological (MDD) and healthy brain samples and indicates its potential application in tissue classification. In the case of 5-HT1AR receptors, which are expressed on glial as well as neural cells, the distribution of clusters is certainly influenced by several factors like, e.g., the cell type and cell-cell interactions or changes in pathological tissue morphology. Therefore, we applied correlative analysis between images of the glia tissue and single-molecule cluster distribution, which should include only the clusters associated with the labeled glial cells in the analysis.
Moreover, we would like to point out that the suggested clustering analysis method can also be adapted for three-dimensional analysis as well as for the characterization of any 2-D biological systems (e.g., Lat clustering on activated T-cell membranes).49 The method also offers a more powerful alternative for the Ripley-K/L functions analysis method, which has limitations regarding the sample classification.
On the technical side, the presented work demonstrates that the combination of localization microscopy with a standard fixation method provides a powerful platform well suited for the analysis of biological tissue samples at a nanoscopic level. Our platform, therefore, marks a valuable technological advancement for the characterization of protein distributions in brain tissue.
The work described in this article was done within the research project Medical Proteomics Lab sponsored by Basic Research Program of the University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria. We would like to thank Nick Fulcher, Gregor Mendel Institute, Vienna for support and Mario Brameshuber, Institute of Applied Physics, Vienna University of Technology for providing us the anti-GFP antibody. Due to a tragic accident, Kurt Schilcher died shortly after the article was submitted. The work described in this article was done within the FIT-IT project number 835918 "NanoDetect: A Bioinformatics Image Processing Framework for Automated Analysis of Cellular Macro and Nano Structures" sponsored by the Austrian Research Promotion Agency (FFG). This work was additionally supported by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) (DK W1207; SFB 1710, 1711); the Austria Genomic Program (GENAU III); and the EU FP6 Programme Network of Excellence on Alternative Splicing (EURASNET) (LSHG-CT-2005-518238).
Michael Sams ; Rene Silye ; Janett Göhring ; Leila Muresan ; Kurt Schilcher, et al."Spatial cluster analysis of nanoscopically mapped serotonin receptors for classification of fixed brain tissue", J. Biomed. Opt. 19(1), 011021 (Dec 02, 2013). ; http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/1.JBO.19.1.011021
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Florida, must be niceOriginally Posted by bbpuppet
This is a discussion on Join New England F4 / Official Chat! within the New England States forums, part of the Regional Discussion category; Originally Posted by bbpuppet Hi everyone! I have returned..... I'm working overnight from now till I don't know when so ...
Florida, must be niceOriginally Posted by bbpuppet
Hey yea thats a great site. I dont think we have enough activity yet to need another board, but it would be cool to move there eventually.Originally Posted by LVWRX
2015 Plasma Green Pearl XV Crosstrek Hybrid Touring
2011 Lightning Red WRX LTD Sedan w/ Nav (returned)
2008 Lightning Red WRX Prem. Hatch w/ Nav (returned)
2005 San Remo Red WRX Prem. Sedan w/ VF34 (traded)
The name is Dean and I drive a 2002 WRB WRX.
I'm 5'6 and 140lbs. I'm 43, what hair I have left is brown. I've also got blue eyes.
I live in Littleton, MA. Right near Kimballs Ice Cream. They have a cruise night every Thurs. night during the summer and it would be the perfect place to meet and greet.
Originally Posted by KrustyTC
Nice of you to describe yourself... We all love blue eyed balding men who live near ice cream shops, but you're kind of short for me... just kidding bro, welcome to the club! Post some pics of your car!
Great site for anyone in the north east.
Crap, I knew while I was typing it that I went too far! LOL.
I've got some pics of the car, I've just got to find them. I'll post soon.
Long Live The Bugeye Nation!
Originally Posted by KrustyTC
we had a meet there last summer...
Here's a couple pics of my WRX. The only exterior mods are the carbon wing risers. I'm hoping for a Cobb AP soon, then some tires (these are pretty worn).
Last edited by KrustyTC; 11-12-2006 at 09:14 AM.
Long Live The Bugeye Nation!
Not bad, the only thing I'm not liking are the door edge gaurds in black. Makes the gaps look huge. I'm diggin the "whale tail" though!
Great site for anyone in the north east.
Yeah I know, it came that way when I bought it a few months ago. I've just been too lazy to take it off. Trying to get off all that adhesive will be a pain in the ass!Originally Posted by WRXDriver82
Long Live The Bugeye Nation!
Originally Posted by rabidouc
yea where I got a couple hole in ones....but I think they were pissed we stayed so long
New England F4
Syms Racing Team
13.3 @ 101.43
Originally Posted by KrustyTC
There is this stuff called Goo Gone that will take it off pretty easily. I used that to debadge my car with a little scrubbing it came off.
I used the same stuff when I debadged my 2000 Pontiac Grand Am GT (my last car). I'll need to buy a decent sized bottle for this project though. All 4 doors have edge guard on them.Originally Posted by cmlabelle1518
To be completely honest I've really gotten used to it on the car and I don't think it looks all that bad. A section on the passenger side rear door was already coming off but after I cleaned it with an alcohol wipe the adhesive became sticky again and I reattached the edge guard.
I may just leave it all on for now anyway. I'm thinking of having the car buffed out (lots of scuffs on the body) and if I do that I'll have the body shop (a cousin of mine) take the stuff off and just buff off the leftover adhesive. I'm also going to look into having some door dings taken out with a "paintless dent removal" process.
They go in behind the door panel with a special tool and "work out" the dent. I saw them do it on an episode of Tuner Transformation and it looked pretty slick. I've basically got a ding on every door panel though so that might end up being expensive. I'd rather spend the money on a Cobb AP.
We'll just have to see how it all progresses.
Long Live The Bugeye Nation!
[B]HI, My name is Sam from bristol,ct i own a 02 WRX and i'm a subieholic.......
i would like the gold stickers if availible.....it will look ok on my S Red Pearl i believe
Thx /B]
Just want to remind you guys that the Boston area F4's are having a meet on Lansdowne Street in Boston this Friday (July 7th). We are going to the bars (21+ please). Feel free to join the us.
Official New England F4 Bar Night!
Last edited by D0WNxSH1FT; 07-02-2006 at 07:30 PM.
2015 Plasma Green Pearl XV Crosstrek Hybrid Touring
2011 Lightning Red WRX LTD Sedan w/ Nav (returned)
2008 Lightning Red WRX Prem. Hatch w/ Nav (returned)
2005 San Remo Red WRX Prem. Sedan w/ VF34 (traded)
id like to be apart of f4...
and i'm 21+ so im lookin forward to the f4 binge meets


text: Home » Free Printables » Printable Maps » Texas Printable Texas Map Collection County Map - City Map - State Outline Map Texas County Map with County Names Map of Texas Cities with City Names Texas State Outline Map Blank Texas County Map Blank Texas City Map Texas Congressional District Map(114th Congress) Texas County Population Map(2010 Census) Texas County Population Change Map(2000 to 2010 Census) Check out our free printable Texas maps! These are .pdf files that download and print on almost any type of printer. There are many uses for these maps, but teachers will find that they are very useful educational tools. The collection of five maps include: an outline map of Texas, two county maps (one with the county names and one without), and two major city maps (one with location dots only and one with location dots and city names). The cities listed are: Plano, Forth Worth, Dallas, Arlington, Houston, San Antonio, El Paso, Lubbock, Corpus Christi and the capital city of Austin.


text:
I tried to contact customer service but my call wasn't answered. must be after hours. So I emailed them via their website.
This is a discussion on rock island M5 shotgun problem within the Defensive Rifles & Shotgun Discussion forums, part of the Related Topics category; well today I picked up a brand new M5 rock island shotgun for $209. I thought it would be a great HD weapon, so I ...
well today I picked up a brand new M5 rock island shotgun for $209. I thought it would be a great HD weapon, so I could leave my more expensive shotgun
safely locked away in my safe. the action is very smooth, and I like the extra weight of the steel. however when I began taking it apart for cleaning (covered with oil) I noticed what may be a factory flaw. I took the stock off the back and this is what I found. what should I do?
I tried to contact customer service but my call wasn't answered. must be after hours. So I emailed them via their website.
I'd wait and see what CS's response is.
That is pretty clearly a manufacturing flaw.
Fortes Fortuna Juvat
Former, USMC 0311, OIF/OEF vet
NRA Pistol/Rifle/Shotgun/Reloading Instructor, RSO, Ohio CHL Instructor
I am pretty sure that RIA CS will take care of you or have you tried sending it back to where you purchased it from ??? Keep us updated. God Bless
yeah, I tried calling them again but no answer. you would think I huge company like armscor would have an answering machine
no I picked it up from the gun show at a dealer table, dark sun surplus. Ill try calling them tomorrow but i don't think they are local
I'd be talking with the dealer that sold it to you... he/she can probably expedite a replacement more easily that you can.
RIA is pretty decent when it comes to taking care of their customers.
The Second Amendment *IS* Homeland Security
--------------------- Μολὼν λαβέ ----------------------
You could carefully degrease your threads with contact cleaner and then use Loc-Tite Blue thread locker which would keep that from loosening up at some inopportune future point in time.
I would only use Loc-Tite Blue or you'll never get it back out again.
It looks like there is enough solid metal there to hold those threads in but, so...it's either that or make arrangements for it to go back to RI for a replacement if you cannot locate who sold it to you.
Liberty Over Tyranny Μολὼν λαβέ
Yikes! I'd check with the dealer to see if they will swap you out another, that will be your quickest fix. If not, RIA will take care of you. They have great customer service.
Armscor will definitely take care of you! It may take a little while, especially with SHOT just ending, but be patient. As others stated, try your dealer first. Oh, be careful, that heat shield might scare the pants off a libtard and get on someone's list! :)
BE PREPARED - Noah didn't build the Ark when it was raining!
Si vis pacem, para bellum
NRA Life Member
ok so I contacted the dealer, (who doesn't even have a showroom, just attends gun shows and it well out of reach across the state) who got me in contact with his supplier. the supplier said to call around local to see if any other stores he supplied (17) had one in stock and of course they didn't. rock island armory has still yet to acknowledge my compliant or even answer their phone. i have called, emailed, and posted on their web site. this is crazy. I would sell the damn thing if I felt you could safely fire it.
No, I wouldn't shoot it. And keep your pants on ref. customer service. It's a holiday weekend.
"Just blame Sixto"
I reserve the right to make fun, point and laugh etc.


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