text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|PCT number
|Publication date
|Mar 12, 1991
|Filing date
|Feb 16, 1988
|Priority date
|Feb 16, 1987
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Aksel T. Bentsen
|Original Assignee
|Novopan Traeindustri A/S
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (11), Referenced by (15), Classifications (6), Legal Events (5)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
The present invention relates to a composite board comprising at least one layer made from organic fibres, particles and/or chips and a binder, and a method and an emulsion for producing the same.
Composite boards, that is, boards comprising at least one layer made from organic fibres, particles and/or chips and a binder, such as particle boards, or fibre boards, are made from finely divided organic materials such as straw, wood, bagasse, waste paper, defibrated wood pulp, and the like by spraying of the organic materials with a binder composition at ambient temperature followed by heat pressing in a discontinuous or continuous plate press with heated panels, whereby the binder typically sets in a few minutes. A more detailed description of this technique is found in Helmuth Lampert, Faserplatten. VEB Fachbuchverlag 1967, Mitlin, Particle Board Manufacture, Press Media Ltd., Kent 1968, and Taschenbuch der Spanplattentechnik, 2. Auflage, DRV-Taschenbuch, Deppe/Ernst.
The preferred types of binder have to a great extent been formaldehyde-containing compounds, as these are satisfactory both with respect to their handling and with respect to the strength of the composite boards prepared therewith.
However, in recent years, a disadvantage associated with this type of binder has to an increasing extent been brought into focus: an evaporation of gaseous formaldehyde takes place, both during the preparation of the boards and by slow hydrolysis for months and years after the preparation of the boards.
Therefore, it has been tried to make alternative binders for composite boards which are as effective formaldehyde-containing binders, but which do not emit undesirable gasses. Among these polyurethanes have been found convenient, especially those formed from aromatic isocyanates such as diphenylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate (MDI).
There is, however, a number of technical problems associated with the use of isocyanate-based binders.
Among these is the difficulty of distributing the binder evenly over the chips, fibres or particles. To use organic solvents for facilitating the distribution is undesirable, both for toxicological reasons and because of the fire hazard.
It has been suggested to improve the handling and distributive properties of the binder by incorporating the isocyanates in emulsions. However, a number of partly mutually conflicting requirements must be fulfilled by such emulsions to obtain suitable and economic production conditions and, at the same time, obtain satisfactory strength properties of the composite boards. Thus, the emulsion must be stable (that is, the emulsion must remain sprayable and must retain its binding capacity substantially undeteriorated) for a sufficient period after its production to permit realistic production conditions, such as, e.g., a period of at least about 4 hours. The emulsion should have a sufficiently low viscosity to secure effective distribution thereof on the fibres, particles or chips before it releases the highly reactive isocyanate. At the same time, the emulsion must be able to effectively deliver highly reactive isocyanate under the conditions which prevail after it has come in contact with the fibres, particles or chips to secure an high binding efficiency.
The above-mentioned problems and requirements may also be the reason why the prior art methods using isocyanate emulsions for composite board production have used the emulsions in relatively high amounts, typically corresponding to at least 4% by weight of isocyanate applied, calculated on the weight of the chips, particles, and/or fibres.
DE-OS 1 653 177 discloses a method for preparing chip boards wherein a solution of isocyanate is applied on the chips from which the boards are made, in a suggested amount of 2-20% by weight, calculated on the dry weight of the chips. No experimental data on the chips board preparation is given.
The present invention provides an effective method and composition for producing composite boards with good strength properties in an economic and efficient manner using a particular type of isocyanate emulsion.
Thus, in one aspect, the invention relates to a method for producing a composite board, comprising subjecting a mixture of organic fibres, particles and/or chips and a binder to compression and heating, the binder being polyisocyanate in the form of a sprayable, substantially stable 20-70% aqueous emulsion, e.g. a 25-60% aqueous emulsion, preferably a 30-50% emulsion, such as an about 40% aqueous emulsion, the emulsion containing a stabilizer which is a water-swellable or water-soluble polysaccharide or polysaccharide derivative.
Although it is not intended to limit the invention to any theory, it is assumed that the polysaccharide of polysaccharide derivatives act as dispersing agents on the one hand whereby they physically stabilize the isocyanate emulsion against phase separation, and on the other hand stabilize the isocyanate chemically against undesired hydrolysis.
Preferably, the stabilizer is present in the emulsion in an amount of 0.1-10% by weight, e.g. 0.1-5%, more specifically 0.2-2%, in particular 0.5-1.5%, calculated on the water phase of the emulsion.
The stabilizer may be a cellulose derivative and is preferably a non-ionic cellulose ether or cellulose ether derivative with an average molecular weight between 10,000 and 1,000,000. With higher molecular weights, it may be difficult to effectively distribute the emulsion on the chips, particles and/or fibres without using special high pressure spraying equipment, and with lower molecular weights, un-economically large amounts of the cellulose ether may be necessary to obtain the desired dispersing effect. It is especially preferred that the average molecular weight is in the range between 25,000 and 300,000.
The water-soluble or water-swellable character of the cellulose ethers or cellulose ether derivatives is dependent on the presence of suitable substituents on the cellulose ethers or their derivatives. Normally, at least one such substituent, such as, e.g., --CH2 --COO- Na+, --CH3, --CH2 CH3, must be present per anhydroglucose unit.
It is preferred that the non-ionic cellulose ether or cellulose ether derivative has at least one lipophilic substituent per anhydroglucose unit. The lipophilic substituent, such as, e.g., --CH3 and --CH2 CH3, is presumed to serve to establish some sort of binding between the cellulose ether and the polyisocyanate droplet, the lipophilic group being attracted by the lipophilic polyisocyanate, the cellulose ether thereby forming a sort of protective film over the polyisocyanate droplets to prevent reaction with water and fusion of the droplets.
The preferred cellulose ethers are ethylhydroxyethyl celluloses (HEEC), which results in an emulsion with excellent sprayability and long pot-life.
Another very suitable type of cellulose ethers is constituted by hydroxypropyl celluloses (HPC). Among the tested cellulose ethers, hydroxypropyl cellulose seems to impart the longest most efficient pot-life for the isocyanate emulsion in the lowest concentration.
Other cellulose ethers which may be used are methyl cellulose (MC), and mixed ethers thereof such as hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC) or hydroxyethylmethyl cellulose (HEMC).
The stabilizer may also be a ionic cellulose ether such as carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). Although CMC has no lipophilic substituent and thus no surface-active properties with respect to the above-mentioned theory, it is believed that CMC is active due to its macromolecular structure which makes adsorption of insoluble particles possible, and thereby stabilizes the solution (this principle is the same as the one employed in CMC-containing detergents where CMC adsorbs the dirt particles).
The isocyanates which may be used are not critical. Thus, in principle, any of the isocyanates discussed in DE OS 26 10 552 may be used. However, it is preferred to use diphenylmethane diisocyanate commercialized under the designation MDI as well as polymerization products thereof. Such isocyanates may be prepared by analine/formaldehyde condensation followed by phosgenation (whereby "crude MDI" is produced).
The emulsion is preferably produced using vigorous agitation and is preferably agitated immediately prior to application. Experience from production tests has shown that the finer the emulsion is, the better is its stability. The ideal emulsion is a homogeneous fine emulsion with a light colour and without any phase separation, but in practice, some phase separation may be acceptable as long as agitation in connection with the application will result in the re-establishment of an effectively distributable emulsion which retains the reactivity of the isocyanate.
The concentration of isocyanate in the emulsion is normally in the range of 5-70% by weight, e.g. 10-60% or 15-55% by weight, such as 20≧50% by weight, especially 25-50% by weight, and preferably 25-40% by weight. When the isocyanate concentration of the emulsion is very low, the vapour pressure of the water (contained in the emulsion) which is present in the particle board is so high that the board might rupture at the release of the pressure. Therefore, at low isocyanate concentrations the compression is suitably performed under vacuum. When the concentration of isocyanate exceeds 40% by weight, the viscosity may be too high for certain application equipment.
The emulsion is suitably applied in an amount corresponding to an applied amount of isocyanate 1-7% by weight, e.g. 1-5%, such as 1-3%, in particular 1-2% by weight. The higher values of 3-7% are normally used for preparing special moisture-resistant boards. In a particular aspect, the isocyanate is applied an amount of at the most 1.8% by weight, calculated on the weight of the dry particles or chips of the layer. It was surprising that it is possible to produce chipboards with fully acceptable strength for many purposes by using such a low amount of isocyanate binder, and hence, one aspect of the invention relates quite generally to a composite board comprising at least one layer made from organic fibres, particles and/or chips and a binder, the binder being polyurethane in an amount of at the most 1.8% by weight, preferably 1.2-1.5% by weight, such as 1.4%, calculated on the weight of the layer. This aspect of the invention is believed to be generally novel, irrespective of the identity of any stabilizer used in the preparation of the isocyanate emulsion
The stabilized isocyanate emulsion of the invention is in general more sticky than conventional isocyanate emulsion. Thus, when applying the stabilized emulsion of the invention to chips, particles and/or fibres, the emulsion will in most cases immediately subsequent to application exert an adhesive effect without the need for any heat treatment. This cold adhesive effect is very advantageous in the handling of the boards prior to the heat pressing treatment as the chips, particles and/or fibres are substantially glued together during the handing of the boards prior to heat pressing, e.g. during the transportation to the heat pressing equipment. The cold adhesive effect is normally not observed when using conventional isocyanate emulsions, and the preparation of chip boards wherein these conventional isocyanate emulsions are employed may consequently be made difficult, as it is difficult to maintain sufficient cohesion of the chips prior to the heat pressing of the boards in which the adhesiveness of the isocyanate emulsion is activated.
In the process of the invention, the water content in the chips, particles and/or fibres used for the production is often about 10% by weight when the chips, particles, and/or fibres are introduced. If desired, these materials may be dried before the isocyanate emulsion is applied. In a preferred aspect, the material used for the production is constituted predominantly or exclusively by wood chips.
Preferably, the heat compression of the chips, particles and/or fibres and the binder to make the boards of the present invention takes place at a temperature from 150� to 230� C., more preferably at 160� to 220� C., e.g. 180� to 210� C.
In order to reduce swelling of the produced plates, a wax emulsion may be added, typically in an amount of a few percent by weight, such as 1-2% by weight, of a aqueous wax emulsion having a wax concentration of about 30-70% by weight, such as about 50% by weight. The wax emulsion is applied to the chips, particles and/or fibres substantially simultaneously with the isocyanate emulsion, but from a different spraying nozzle. It is preferred to agitate the wax emulsion before it is applied.
The process according to the invention and the usefulness of the emulsions of the invention in the preparation of composite boards are further illustrated by the examples which follow.
The chemicals used in the examples are stated in Table 1:
TABLE 1__________________________________________________________________________ Concentr.Abbre- in aque-via- Chemical Molecular ous so- Commercial-tion designation weight lution Trade mark ized by__________________________________________________________________________HEEC Ethylhydroxy- 10.000 2% Bermocoll E230G Berol Kemi ethylcellu- 100.000 1% Bermocoll E320G Berol Kemi loseHPC Hydroxyprop- 300.000 1% Klucel M Hercules ylcellulose Inc. 100.000 4% Klucel J Hercules Inc.MC Methylcellu- 2% Methocel A4C Dow Chemical lose 2% Methocel A15 Dow Chemical 1% Methocel A15C Dow ChemicalHPMC Hydroxyprop- 1% Methocel 35MS Dow Chemical ylmethylcel- luloseCMC Carboxymeth- 0.7% Palsgaard 7409 Palsgaard ylcellulose 1.7% Blanose refined Hercules CMC 7MC Inc.HEC Hydroxyethyl- Natrosol 250HHR Hercules cellulose Inc. 0.5% Natrosol 250MR Hercules Inc. 1% Natrosol 250GR Hercules Inc.PVAL Polyvinyl 10% Mowiol 4-98 Hoechst alcohol 10% Mowiol 04-MI Hoechst 5% Mowiol 28-99 Hoechst 5% Mowiol 26-88 HoechstMDI Diphenyl Desmodur � DIW681 Bayer methane di- VP PV 1520/A31 Bayer isocyanate Wax 65% Mobilcer RV Mobil Polyvinyl Luviskol K90 BASF pyrrolidone__________________________________________________________________________
In the following examples, the experiments regarding resistance to moisture were performed in accordance with DIN standards V20, V70 and V100 which is in accordance with DIN 68761. These standards are graded according to water resistance and state a maximum swelling in thickness in accordance with standardized conditions during prolonged immersion in water at 20� C., 70� C. and 100� C., respectively.
The suitability of various cellulose ethers as dispersing agents for a solution containing 40% of isocyanate, MDI (Desmodur� DIW 681) and 60% of an aqueous cellulose ether solution was evaluated on the basis of the spraying (atomization) properties, visual appearance (fineness of the emulsion, separation or not), and pot life (the time the emulsion remains sprayable and retains the reactivity of the isocyanate with respect to forming polyurethane on contact with wood chips in the production of a composite board).
The atomization properties were examined in a spray test with emulsions containing the cellulose ether in question. The concentration of the cellulose ether in aqueous solution used in the tests is as stated.
The MDI used in the test was the one commercialized by Bayer under the designation "Decmodur� DIW 681". The optimum appearance of the emulsion is a fine, light emulsion which does not separate and does not generate bubbles.
The results are stated in table 2. It can be seen that both the nonionic cellulose ethers. HEEC, HPC and HPMC, as well as the ionic cellulose ether. CMC provide an emulsion with satisfactory visual appearance, atomization properties, and potlife. This is in contrast to the hydroxyethyl celluloses (HEC) (which do not contain lipophilic substituents) and generally do not provide the necessary stability of the emulsion.
The comparison purposes, polyvinyl alcohol (PVAL) and polyvinyl pyrrolidone have been used as dispersing agents. It can be seen that the use of PVAL in high concentrations (5% and 10%) results in an emulsion with good atomization properties and visual appearance, but with a rather short potlife. The use of polyvinyl pyrrolidone in a concentration of 4% results in an emulsion with tolerable atomization properties, but the emulsion separates.
TABLE 2______________________________________ Pot life atDispersing Atomization Visual 22� C. usableagent properties appearance for______________________________________HEEC E230G OK fine, light 9.5 hoursHEEC E320G good, OK light 9 hours in 1%HPC (J) OK light 26 hoursHPC (M) tolerable, OK in light 24 hours 0.67%MC (A15) OK in 3% almost light 8 hoursMC (A4C) OK in 1.5% light, 8 hours homogeneousMC (A15C) OK in 1% medium brown unstable, separatesHPMC tolerable in 1%, almost light, 5 hours OK in 0.5% separates 0.5 cmHEC 250 HHR no spray dark, separates 5 hoursHEC 250 MR tolerable, dark, separates 6 hours OK in 0.5%HEC 250 GR fine, OK in 1% almost light, 5 hours separates 0.5 cmCMC (7MC) excellent light, 12 hoursPalsgaard in 1.7% homogeneous 4 hours OK in 0.7% OKPVAL4-98 OK in 10% light 4 hours04-MI28-99 OK in 5% light 2 hours26-88 OK in 5% light 2 hoursPolyvinyl tolerable in 4% separates 6 hourspyrrolidone______________________________________
In a rotating drum, 1630 g dried wood chips (2-3% of moisture) were sprayed by means of an airless spray in a rotating drum with 3% of a mixture prepared as follows:
40% of MDI polymerisate ("Desmodur� DIW 681") was dispersed by means of a Cowles dissolver (laboratory model, 1800 rpm) in 60% of a 2% aqueous solution of "Bermocoll E230 G". This solution was prepared in the dissolver the day before.
The resulting concentration of isocyanate applied to the chips was thus 1.2% by weight. The chips were formed to a mat of 40�40 cm and were pressed between separation blocks of 15 mm for 4.5 minutes at a pressure of 80 metric tons which was relieved to 10 metric tons for another 4.5 minutes. The temperature of the planes was 160� C., maintained by steam heating.
The finished board has a bending strength of 25 MPs and tensile strength of 0.6 MPa, both according to the standard SIS 235111, and 40% swelling at 20� C. for 24 hours.
The experiment described in Example 2 was repeated in a corresponding press, but with electrical heating. In order to reduce swelling, the chips had previously been sprayed with 1% of wax as a 50% wax emulsion (2% "Mobilcer RV"). The resulting board had the same strength properties as the board prepared in Example 2. The swelling after 24 hours' water storage at 20� C. was 18%.
In the electrical press used in Example 3, a number of tests were carried out to prepare chipboards of a thickness in the range of 11.0 mm to 12.8 mm using binder emulsions made with saccharides (cellulose) derivatives and other stabilizers, respectively. The concentration of the respective stabilizers in aqueous solution is stated in Table 3 under "Type of Stab.". The strength measurements mentioned in Example 2 were performed.
The standing time from the preparation of the emulsions to the preparation of the chipboards was up to 4 hours except for Test No. 27 in which it was 6.75 hours. Some of the variations observed, especially in the bending strength values, must be ascribed to differences in the chips used, especially as regards chips length.
The general experimental conditions under which the experiments were performed were as follows: the binder, composed of 40% of a solution of MDI and 60% of a solution of stabilizer, was applied in a concentration of 2.5-4.5%, calculated on the dry chips. The isocyanate was generally of the Desmodur� DIW681 type. The resulting concentration of isocyanate applied to the chip boards is state in Table 3.
The chip boards were prepared by applying a pressure of 90 tons for 4 minutes followed by a pressure of 10 tons for 4 minutes, all at a temperature of 165� C.
The wax emulsion is applied to a concentration of 2% in some of the tests.
Exceptions to the above mentioned experimental conditions are note in Table 3 under comments.
TABLE 3__________________________________________________________________________Binder BoardType Spec. Strength % SwellingTest of Conc. weight Bending Tensile afterNo. Stab. of MDI kg/m3 MPa MPa 2 h 24 h Comments__________________________________________________________________________ 1 HEEC 1.4 755 19.2 0.96 24 37 2 E230 G 1.2 744 16.3 0.70 3 2% 1.0 743 13.7 0.61 4 1.2 744 15.9 0.53 8 34 +2% wax 5 HEEC 1.2 725 22.2 0.63 24 41 6 E320 G 1.6 740 22.1 0.58 7 28 +2% wax 1% 7 HEEC 1.4 757 23.0 0.83 24 39 8 E320 G 1.2 745 21.2 0.68 9 1.2% 1.0 762 19.0 0.5810 1.2 738 16.8 0.40 10 33 +2% wax11 HEEC 1.2 746 23.0 0.60 38 48 MDI is E230 G VP PV12 2% 1.2 756 22.8 0.68 10 29 as above, +2% wax13 MC (A4C) 1.4 752 21.7 0.76 25 4214 1.5% 1.2 746 15.3 0.6515 1.0 740 11.1 0.5616 1.2 750 17.0 0.53 9 39 +2% wax17 MC (A15) 1.4 753 19.7 0.93 29 4018 3% 1.2 726 14.8 0.7519 1.0 740 10.0 0.6120 1.2 731 13.9 0.57 8 37 +2% wax21 HPMC 1% 1.35 694 20.8 0.78 31 51 30% MDI/ 70% HPMC22 1.2 737 19.6 0.66 as above23 1.05 739 17.6 0.57 as above24 1.2 736 17.5 0.64 13 50 +2% wax, as above25 HPC (M) 1.4 760 19.2 0.92 23 3726 1% 1.2 734 14.5 0.6827 1.0 738 11.2 0.6028 1.2 744 13.5 0.57 8 35 +2% wax29 HPC (M) 1.4 744 16.8 0.80 34 41 stored 0.67% for 6.75 hours30 HPC (J) 1.4 718 18.4 0.78 29 5131 4% 1.2 731 17.6 0.6532 1.0 734 16.7 0.4633 HEC 1.4 736 17.2 0.6734 (GR 250) 1.2 742 15.8 0.6435 1.0 734 12.1 0.5336 1.2 736 13.6 0.52 +2 wax37 PVAL 1.2 734 18.4 0.59 38 51 (4-98) 10%38 PVAL 1.2 742 14.2 0.3139 (26-88) 1.6 735 19.4 0.47 5%40 CMC(7MC) 1.2 744 22.6 0.64 32 47 1.7%41 polyvin- 4.0 758 31.9 1.00 10 18 ylpyrro- lidone42 1.2 727 17.8 0.44 34 4143 1.2 733 17.8 0.47 32 41 50% MDI/ 50% poly- vinyl pyrrolidone 4% in water__________________________________________________________________________
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|May 24, 1966
|Feb 18, 1969
|Du Pont
|Polyisocyanate emulsions
|Jul 26, 1972
|Sep 10, 1974
|American Cyanamid Co
|Textile adhesive from polyurethane
|Jul 11, 1979
|Apr 7, 1981
|Basf Aktiengesellschaft
|Aqueous isocyanate emulsions prepared with polyglycol and polymerized unsaturated acid amide
|Jul 8, 1980
|Dec 22, 1981
|Bayer Aktiengesellschaft
|Process for the preparation of stable aqueous dispersions of oligourethanes or polyurethanes and their use as coating compounds for flexible or rigid substrates
|Jul 25, 1985
|Mar 31, 1987
|At&T Bell Laboratories
|Method of making and selectively doping isolation trenches utilized in CMOS devices
|Title not available
|Title not available
|Title not available
|Title not available
|Title not available
|Title not available
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Jan 16, 1992
|Feb 2, 1993
|Presidenza Del Consiglio Dei Ministri - Ufficio Del Ministro Per Il Coordinamento Delle Iniziativae Per La Ricerca Scientifica E Tecnologica
|Process for binding cellulosic materials with a binding agent of an aqueous emulsions of polyisocyanates and cellulose ether
|Sep 26, 1991
|Dec 20, 1994
|Earth Partners, Inc.
|Composite board and method of manufacture
|Dec 29, 2000
|Sep 17, 2002
|Basf Corporation
|Parting agent for an isocyanate wood binder
|Dec 29, 2000
|Oct 1, 2002
|Basf Corporation
|Adhesive binder and synergist composition and process of making lignocellulosic articles
|Jun 8, 2004
|Dec 16, 2004
|Canon Kabushiki Kaisha
|Heating apparatus and image heating apparatus
|Apr 1, 2004
|Oct 6, 2005
|Cicenas Chris W
|Methods and apparatuses for assembling railings
|Jun 1, 2004
|Dec 1, 2005
|Blair Dolinar
|Imprinted wood-plastic composite, apparatus for manufacturing same, and related method of manufacture
|Mar 31, 2005
|Dec 8, 2005
|Blair Dolinar
|Variegated composites and related methods of manufacture
|Mar 31, 2005
|Mar 30, 2006
|Trex Company, Inc.
|Improved variegated composites and related methods of manufacture
|Nov 16, 2005
|Apr 13, 2006
|Trex Company, Inc.
|Imprinted wood-plastic composite, apparatus for manufacturing same, and related method of manufacture
|Nov 16, 2005
|May 11, 2006
|Trex Company, Inc.
|Imprinted wood-plastic composite, apparatus for manufacturing same, and related method of manufacture
|Apr 1, 2004
|Jun 1, 2006
|Trex Company, Inc.
|Methods and Apparatuses for Assembling Railings
|Oct 10, 2006
|Apr 19, 2007
|Trex Company, Inc.
|Variegated composites and related methods of manufacture
|Oct 10, 2006
|Apr 19, 2007
|Trex Company, Inc.
|Variegated composites and related methods of manufacture
|Jun 11, 1992
|Dec 16, 1992
|Dr. Frische GmbH
|Environment compatible composite
|U.S. Classification
|524/30, 524/13, 524/14
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Dec 14, 1988
Owner name: BIOTEKNISK INSTITUT, DENMARK
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:BENTSEN, THORKILD;REEL/FRAME:005005/0904
Effective date: 19880418
Owner name: NOVOPAN TRAEINDUSTRI A/S, DENMARK
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:BIOTEKNISK INSTITUT;REEL/FRAME:005005/0906
Effective date: 19881230
|Dec 22, 1992
|Certificate of correction
|Oct 18, 1994
|Maintenance fee reminder mailed
|Mar 12, 1995
|Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees
|May 23, 1995
|Expired due to failure to pay maintenance fee
Effective date: 19950315


text:
5 Weird (But Effective) Ways You Can Conquer Chronic Procrastination
Eric Barker stashed this in Diabolical Plans For World Domination
Stashed in: @bakadesuyo, Procrastination, Procrastination
Oh the irony that I'm reading this on PandaWhale when I should be *doing something else*.
PandaWhale is on the path to other more productive things.
Here's the chronic procrastination knockout punch:
1) Manage your mood throughout the day. Do the little things that keep you positive. Get enough sleep. Eat regularly. Take breaks.
2) Make your list of to-do's with the terrifying stuff at the top and the easier stuff at the bottom.
3) Do a one minute dash and write out the steps needed to beat the first problem. This should help you get past the fear and start building momentum. If the dashes aren't working, they're not short and easy enough.
4) Still too difficult? Use positive procrastination and do one of the things lower on this list, rather than #1.
5) Establish your commitment device. Hand your friend that money, your most cherished possession or whatever has the most painful downside you can think of. The default position must be that you're already screwed and need to un-screw yourself. If the commitment devices aren't working, they're not scary enough.
After that, just loop 3-5.
With enough practice, these become habit and that's the goal.
The desire to procrastinate never completely vanishes. What matters is how you respond when you get that itch.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
The raising appears to have been hard going, with Sirocco three times extending the closing date in its prospectus to sell at least 20 million shares at 20¢ each. However managing director Greg Channon is now confident of reaching the minimum of the proposed $4-$7 million raising, which is not underwritten and is being led by Taylor Collison.
Sirocco owns 37.5 per cent of a 100,000-square-kilometre onshore exploration block in north-western Sudan, where prospective resources are estimated at a huge 1.5 billion barrels.
The little-explored area is frontier territory for oil and gas, but has been attracting a little more attention lately, with a well drilled about six months ago just to the north by Saudi Arabia's Al-Qahtani group.
Sudan has something of a track record of oil production but lost three quarters of its production to South Sudan when that region separated into a separate country in 2011. Production is however still at about 120,000 barrels per day.
Assuming the raising completes, Sirocco will have funding for geological studies to take place this year in its Block 14, plus a seismic survey, aimed at maturing a target to drilling in 2014. It is partnered in the block by Toronto-listed Statesman Resources in which Channon is also a director.
Channon is relaxed about sovereign and security risks in Sirocco's remote corner of Sudan, which he says is far removed from the more volatile south.
The Australian Financial Review


text:
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For the most part our cities tap water is relatively safe, however we all have reason to be concerned about pollution in our tap water. An Eagle whole home water treatment system will allow you to stop contaminates from entering your home, ensuring your water is healthier and safer. We specialize in water purification and water conditioning both for municipal and private water treatment needs
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text:
The application deadline has been changed to January 5, 2017. UHCOP will now accept January 2017 PCAT scores. Preliminary PCAT score reports may be emailed directly to UHCOP.
Founded in 1946, the University of Houston College of Pharmacy(UHCOP) combines the opportunities and experiences of the Texas Medical Center's world-class healthcare community with resources of the University of Houston, Texas' premier urban teaching and research university, to offer its students the best possible education. The College is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education and holds membership in the American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy.
The College of Pharmacy has two campuses: the main University of Houston campus; and the Texas Medical Center(TMC) campus, where students have access to the Texas Medical Center Library and collaborations with TMC institutions. The College offers a Doctor of Pharmacy (Pharm.D.) professional degree, and a Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) in Pharmaceutical Health Outcomes and Policy, a Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) in Pharmacology or Pharmaceutics, and a combined Pharm.D./Ph.D. in Pharmacology or Pharmaceutics. The college also offers post-doctoral research fellowships, post-graduate clinical fellowships, and post-graduate residency affiliations in cooperation with institutions in the TMC and Greater Houston area. Our faculty, many of whom are recipients of patents and prestigious National Institutes of Health grants, is one of the most diverse in the nation. The College includes more than 50 full-time faculty members, 350-plus preceptors who provide training for students on pharmacy practice experiences, and many healthcare providers from the community who serve as volunteer faculty. The College aspires to foster a commitment to lifelong learning and an environment where students develop the knowledge, attitudes and skills consistent with the high standards of their profession and/or scientific field.
Here is the link to learn more about our recent achievements:
|Course Title
|Semester Hours
|Quarter Hours
|Introduction to Biological Science I with lab
|Introduction to Biological Science II with lab
|Elementary Microbiology with lab
|Fundamentals of Chemistry I with lab
|Fundamentals of Chemistry II with lab
|Fundamentals of Organic Chemistry I with lab
|Fundamentals of Organic Chemistry II with lab
|Calculus I
|Introduction to Probability and Statistics
|Introductory General Physics or Physics I
|Introduction to Psychology OR Introduction to Sociology
|US Government: Congress, Presidents and Courts*
|U S and Texas Constitution and Politics*
|The United States History to 1877*
|The United States History since 1877*
|First Year Writing I and II*
|Writing in the Disciplines*
|Language, Philosophy and Culture*
|Creative Arts*
Applicants must receive no less than a "C" (2.0) in all prerequisite courses in order to be considered for admittance.
Repeated course grades are averaged, not replaced. All Science and Math prerequisite courses must be completed by end of Spring 2017 semester.
Two semesters or one year of high school physics in U.S. may satisfy the physics prerequisite course.
Organic Chemistry I & II lecture/lab series requires 2- two semester hour Organic lab components totaling 5 semester hours. Organic Chemistry I & II lecture/lab series taken outside of UH will be evaluated based on the institutional catalog of the applicant.
The Biology I & II lecture/lab series may be satisfied by taking BOTH Botany lecture/lab, AND Zoology lecture/lab courses designed for science majors. If Biology I lecture/lab is taken at an institution, Biology II lecture/lab should be completed at that same institution to meet the Biology I & II lecture/lab series. It is NOT permissible to take either Botany lecture/lab or Zoology lecture/lab at one institution, then take Biology I lecture/lab or Biology II lecture/lab at another institution.
*Applicants are exempt from certain courses if core curriculum is complete from another accredited public Texas college/university OR have earned a baccalaureate degree or higher from an accredited U.S. college/university at the time of enrollment to UH for the fall 2017 semester.
To determine courses which are acceptable for Language, Philosophy and Culture; Creative Arts; and Writing in the Disciplines courses, visit the core curriculum in UH catalog located at www.catalog.uh.edu
Prerequisite course guides for several college/university(s) can be found at http://www.uh.edu/pharmacy/prospective-students/pharmd/course-equivalency-guides/
In order to use credit earned by examination (i.e. AP, IB, CLEP, etc.) for meeting prerequisite coursework, official college/university transcript(s) sent into PharmCAS must have specific course names and course numbers of credit awarded clearly indicated to be recognized.
An official Student Score Report from College Board (http://www.collegeboard.com) may be used to verify credit by examination (AP, IB, CLEP) from College Board. The Student Score report may be mailed directly from College Board, or by the applicant to UHCOP, so long as the official Student Score Report remains in its sealed envelope. Listed below is the link to determine which prerequisite coursework may be met through AP, IB, and CLEP: http://ussc.uh.edu/
**Volunteer/community service is required for all applicants to UHCOP.
A minimum of twenty-five (25) volunteer/community service hours are required for admission consideration. Volunteer/community service activities must be clearly indicated within the Extracurricular Experience section of the PharmCAS application where appropriate.
Students should have a consistent amount of volunteer/community service hours to be a competitive applicant. Volunteer activities do not have to be in the health-care area, and can be whatever type they choose, so long as it is non-paid and clearly benefits the community at-large. This volunteer/community service must begin at the onset of the applicant's college-career.
Click here to access the supplemental application or copy/paste the url: https://ssl.uh.edu/pharmacy-supplemental/
Early Decision and Regular Decision applicants are to:
The UH College of Pharmacy cannot process an applicant's PharmCAS record until the PharmCAS processing team has verified the applicant's information (i.e. PharmCAS application, college transcript[s], processed PharmCAS fee, etc.).
As PharmCAS processing may take up to five weeks once all required materials are received, applicants are encouraged to apply early and submit the UHCOP Supplemental Application and fee as soon as a PharmCAS ID is obtained.
The UHCOP Supplemental Application consists of:
An official transcript in a sealed envelope from your college/university indicating earned college credit (i.e. AP scores, CLEP exams, etc) at the institution also may be used. Specific course names and course numbers awarded must be clearly indicated on the transcript for credit to be recognized. (Note: Transcripts sent to PharmCAS may already have college credit listed)
Official, sealed AP/CLEP/IB Student Score Reports from College Board, http://www.collegeboard.com/">www.collegeboard.com
For more information go to: http://ussc.uh.edu/">http://ussc.uh.edu/
Mail any applicable Supplemental Application materials (i.e. high school transcript, International Transcript Evaluation Process documentation, etc.) to the following address:
University of Houston College of Pharmacy
Office of Admissions
3455 Cullen Blvd., Room 122
Houston, Texas 77204-5000
The PharmCAS ID MUST be provided with any supplemental materials sent to UHCOP.
Regular Decision Applicants must have taken the PCAT exam no later than November 3, 2017.
We will accept the Preliminary PCAT Score Report so long as it is submitted by email (email@example.com) to UHCOP within 24 hours of the test date, with the PharmCAS ID included on the Student Score report.
Instructions for emailing Preliminary PCAT Score Report:
1. Scan the Student Score Report, and email it as an attachment.
2. In the subject heading of the email message, indicate PCAT Scores, lastname, firstname, and PharmCAS ID, (ex. PCAT scores Smith, Joe 20180119999).
3. Attach the document (Preliminary PCAT Score Report Document) in an email message to email@example.com
4. The attachment must be easily readable and cannot be any larger than 3MB in size
Offers of acceptance to applicants taking the January PCAT will be made with the understanding that offers are dependent upon submission of official results of the PCAT.
Applicants desiring to have international coursework considered for Pharm.D. prerequisite courses will be asked to provide additional information such as:
World Education Services, Inc.
Educational Credential Evaluators, Inc.
Josef Silny & Associates, Inc.-International Education Consultants
No Pharm.D. course credit is granted from international transcripts.
A valid Social Security number is required as a condition of acceptance into the Pharm.D. program.
LORs from family members and close friends are NOT accepted. Three LORs are required.
The interview process consists of a 4 hour process which includes:


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Established in 1991 Cupola remains one of the most respected contemporary galleries for the sale and exhibition of fine art & fine craft in the north of England.
In addition, over 300 artists works across a range of media are always on display across the full range of disciplines. Our website only gives a snap shot of what is available so we would always have to recommend a visit.
174-178a Middlewood Road, Hillsborough, Sheffield, S6 1TD
Gallery Tel. (0114) 285 2665
Framing Tel. (0114) 201 1023
Opening Times Mon - Sat 10-6
May Bank Holiday Opening Times
Monday May 1 CLOSED
Tuesday May 2 10-6pm Open as usual
Monday May 29 CLOSED
Tuesday May 30 10-6pm Open as usual
You can down load our current Schedule here


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50 lbs. covers 2500 square feet of lawn. It is applied with a drop spreader
set about 2/3 open, pretty heavy. I tend to be heavy-handed when
top-dressing because I hate spending money on weeders and the CGM has a
9-10% slow release nitrogen content.
Recommended applications are early Spring and late August in zone 5. After
3 years of following this schedule, you can cut the application rate in half
(5,000 square feet / 50 lb bag).
The normal price is about $40 per 50 lb bag. Yes, you can get it cheaper if
you can take a ton or more at a time and have access to a distributor. You
can also get it in a one ton box, skipping the bags and saving those costs.
E-mail me offline if you need more information.
>In regards to the corn gluten, for the first time the local Agway is selling
>this. Question: how far would a 50 lb. bag go. How heavily is this
>applied? Is it applied once? or repeated? Is there a cheaper way to buy
>this (thought it was a little pricey), ?
>I think I'll do the Round Up in the field, but corn glutten sounds like a
>good alternative in the flower bed!
Betsy & Floyd Rogers
Butterfield Gardens
To sign-off this list, send email to email@example.com with the
message text UNSUBSCRIBE HOSTA-OPEN


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Business Centre
The latest business news, reviews, features and whitepapers
Challenges: - Legacy disk-based SAN performance plummeted with the addition of just 10 VDI users. - The management complexities of the legacy disk-based SAN did not allow for a "set-it-and-forget-it" operation, but the organization required simplicity. Results: - Currently supporting 250 virtual desktops, with more to be deployed - Reduced latency to sub-millisecond - Dramatically simplified storage management - Achieved 12-to-1 data reduction
The latest business news, reviews, features and whitepapers
Visit our shop for the best deals on hot products
Watch our video news and reviews from around the world
Comprehensive buying guides, features, and step-by-step articles
HP OfficeJet Pro 8730
A smarter way to print for busy small business owners, combining speedy printing with scanning and copying, making it easier to produce high quality documents and images at a touch of a button.
HP OfficeJet Pro 8730
I've had a multifunction printer in the office going on 10 years now. It was a neat bit of kit back in the day -- print, copy, scan, fax -- when printing over WiFi felt a bit like magic. It's seen better days though and an upgrade's well overdue. This HP OfficeJet Pro 8730 looks like it ticks all the same boxes: print, copy, scan, and fax. (Really? Does anyone fax anything any more? I guess it's good to know the facility's there, just in case.) Printing over WiFi is more-or- less standard these days.
HP OfficeJet Pro 8730
As a freelance writer who is always on the go, I like my technology to be both efficient and effective so I can do my job well. The HP OfficeJet Pro 8730 Inkjet Printer ticks all the boxes in terms of form factor, performance and user interface.
Windows 10 for Business / Dell XPS 13
I'd happily recommend this touchscreen laptop and Windows 10 as a great way to get serious work done at a desk or on the road.
Windows 10 / HP Spectre x360
Ultimately, I think the Windows 10 environment is excellent for me as it caters for so many different uses. The inclusion of the Xbox app is also great for when you need some downtime too!
Windows 10 / Lenovo Yoga 910
For me, the Xbox Play Anywhere is a great new feature as it allows you to play your current Xbox games with higher resolutions and better graphics without forking out extra cash for another copy. Although available titles are still scarce, but I'm sure it will grow in time.


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Asia O.
Nanny in Alexandria, VA 22315.
Looking for part-time work as a nanny.
Enhanced Background Check not run.
Enhanced Background Check(Not Run)
Basic Background Check Expired
Basic Background Check Expired 09/02/2014
Motor Vehicle Records Check not run.
Motor Vehicle Records Check(Not Run)
CPR Training
CPR Training
George Mason University
George Mason University
Alexandria, VA
- Age 28
- 8 years paid experience
- Female
Last signed in: More than 6 months
Preferred Rate $12-$18 per hour
Asia's Bio
I have only been referred to as a nanny one time. When I watched a 3 month old little boy on a regular basis. I have babysat for kids ranging from infants up to teenagers. I think it's fun nannying because you get to spend more time with the child and it's a really rewarding experience.
Summer 2011 I nannyed for a family located in Arlington, VA. I worked 40 hours a week for a family that had 3 children, a 5 year old girl and twin boys age 2. My job description was to get the children up in the morning, feed them breakfast and then take them to daycare. I then returned in the afternoon and would pick them up from daycare, fix them dinner and then get them ready for bed and then put them to sleep. I would also stay home with the kids if they were sick. I still have a relationship with the family, and babysit for them every once in a while. Recently I did a week long overnight while the parents went on vacation.
Age Specific Experience
8 years of paid child care experience with:
- First year
- Toddlers (1 to 3 years)
- Preschooler (3 to 5 years)
- Grade School (6 to 11 years)
- Pre-teen/Teenagers (12 years and over)
Infant Care:
- Mother's helper
- Occasional care
Special Needs Experience
Special Needs Conditional Experience
- Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD)
- Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
- Asperger's Syndrome
- Autism
- Down Syndrome
Skills & Abilities
Languages Spoken:
- French
Additional Services:
- Meal Preparation
- Laundry
- Light Housekeeping
- Crafts
- Potty Training
- Willing to run errands as needed
- Willing to drive children to events, school, appointments, or carpooling
Homework Help:
- Finishing homework
- Checking answers
- Studying for a test
- Proofreading
- Basic Math
- English
- Essay Writing
- French
|Cindy F. is a reference for Asia O.
|Relationship: Friend
|Join Now to Contact Reference


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When some guys were stealing their sister's pants to look cool, Kuhl was busy developing bad ass pants for the man who climbs mountains, fights bears, and definitely takes no crap from anyone. Made out of Tufflex, which is a durable woven stretch softshell with a soft brushed back for comfort. This incredible versatile fabric is lightweight, quick drying, wrinkle resistant, and has a UPF 50 sun protection rating, protecting you from those harsh UV rays. All Kuhl's Athletic Fit pants feature the Born Free Gusseted crotch, articulated knees, and generously cut thighs to create true unrestricted movement. The Renegade Pant is so comfortable you'll think you are wearing sweatpants. You're indeed wearing a pant that is comfortable climbing, hiking, and traveling the world. If you decide to go hiking or backpacking, there are plenty of pockets to store any gear you'll require. Below the front hand pockets are zippered mesh pockets that will double as vents. With the KühlAir vent system you can reduce your skin temperature by venting through the mesh pockets, not to mention its ability to wick moisture all during activity and quick dry afterwards. So go ahead, shave with the tip of an axe, and build a convertible out of twigs and gum. But most of all...give your sister back her pants.
Products on Sale are Discontinued Styles or Colors.


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Extreme porn has risen sharply in popularity since Sasha Grey, James Deen, the 50 Shades books, and Kink.com made headlines a few years ago, but 21Sextreme beat all the latecomers to the punch by forming this 16-site network of depraved sexual entertainment. Hosting 1080p High Definition videos and high-res photos over 5000px, 21Sextreme not only brings quality visuals but powerful sex too, wrapping it all in a tidy network package loaded with every conceivable fetish act on sites like Grandpas Fuck Teens, Dominated Girls, Speculum Plays, and Baby Got Balls. This wild, adventurous network isn't without problems of its own, though, so stick with Pink's and you might learn a few crucial things about 21Sextreme.
Home to a roster of daring adult performers and more ropes, chains, and leather restraints than your average maximum security insane asylum, Denys Defrancesco's nastiest effort yet guarantees a very kinky time. House of Taboo brings together bondage and watersports, strap-ons and blowbangs, riding crops and bunny tails, grabs a UHD camera and invites its models to go hog wild in some seriously wicked fetish episodes. Ultra-HD videos now deliver every caning punishment in amazing detail and leave you gobsmacked at the kind of daring acts of sexual slavery, servitude, and selfishness House of Taboo holds.
When it comes to kinky hardcore sex that borders on the extreme, there's one porn studio that everyone's talking about. But there's also Fetish Network, a gathering of 48 deviant adult websites presenting 1080p HD videos depicting the degradation, the debasement, the utter destruction of hot young pornstars, eager amateurs, and even a few submissive fem-worshipping men. Obviously proud of its cinematic new abduction and consent-play sites Teens in the Woods, Brutal Pickups, and Helpless Teens, Fetish Network's hardcore porn won't be for everyone, but those that like their porno wild, aggressive, and physically extreme will love every second of hot HD hardcore viewing in store for them here.
Lesbians: just like anyone else when backed into a corner or pushed into an impossible situation (eg: sexual dissatisfaction), they can turn nasty! Hot and Mean is a bold "all-girl" hardcore site that's really all-woman. Seducing attractive neighbors, friends, colleagues, and strangers into what could be their first same-sex experience, about half of Hot and Mean's models are domineering dames hell bent on getting what they want. And what they want, obviously, is pussy. If you enjoy watching two of porn's sexiest ladies tearing into each other with a vengeance, what you want, trust me, is Hot and Mean.
Kink Unlimited is the newly christened brand encompassing fifteen exclusive Kink.com websites, each one aiming at a more hetero audience while Kink Men takes care of the fellas. From Sex and Submission to Public Disgrace, Electrosluts to Device Bondage, Everything Butt to TS Pussy Hunters, Kink Unlimited arguably presents the wildest take on human sexuality porn has yet to produce, delving deep into out darkest fantasies, scariest fetishes, and most thrilling experiences, all in the name of keeping you, the home viewer, well and truly entertained. With HD videos, daily updates, and some of porn's most daring performers lining up to receive or dole out some punishment, Kink Unlimited won't limit you at all.
Submission: it takes a brave soul to throw themselves at the mercy of a lover but as Submissed, an intense BDSM-heavy mini-network, the halls are lined with brave beauties and deviant sluts. On such sites as Hogtied Up, Machine Dom, and Ball Gagger, top Euro pornstars adopt either a sub or domme role and help you live out your nastiest, most psychologically confronting kinks and fetishes from the safety of your own home, all wrapped up in Submissed's tidy HD packages.
Taking their domination of America's BDSM market to the next logical level, the wicked folks at Kink dot com have launched a pay-per-view service called Kink On Demand where you can watch whatever scenes you'd like, in full or in part, and only pay for what you actually want, not all the leftover nonsense you pass by. With its own special currency called Kinks, a huge collection of 6,000 scenes, fantastic HD videos, and unquestionably the hardest, most punishing BDSM content you're ever likely to see, Kink On Demand is certainly an attractive entrance into the Kink universe.
Joey Silvera isn't the kind of pornographer who'll simply accept the standard modes of sexual expression and shoot them in HD, no, he's an altogether different beast. With strap-ons a-plenty, sissified men, aggressively dominant women, and reversed gender roles serving up a wide variety of remarkably adventurous hardcore porn, Joey Silvera's online home at Evil Angel is a tour de force of bold, original onscreen fornication.


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Won't You Let Me In?
A lonely voice in the dark. A voice that no-one ever hears.
Soft feet on the forest floor,
A whisper in the wind.
Can't you hear me calling,
Oh won't you let me in?
It's cold and dark outside,
The night is closing fast.
The shadows are encroaching,
The dark has come at last.
Do you hear my voice?
Do you hear my plaintive call?
Or am I just a flickering,
No solid form at all.
In the corner of your eye,
A smudge on a distant plain.
Oh don't you hear me crying?
Don't you see my silent pain?
My tears are falling rain,
But my voice is wearing thin.
My friend, why won't you hear me?
Why won't you let me in?


text:
getting a suspicious callMature
we had breakfast that morning and it was nice because sam made it for us so we enjoyed it. then as we was getting ready to go grocery shopping sam got a suspicious call and i had a bad feeling about this call. sam said it was a guy who wanted sam to help so sam went to the guy. then we saw that sam had been taken by the guy to a unfamiliar place, so we decided to go and check it out but me and jacob couldn't see what was happening so we had to be careful. we got to the place where he was holding sam and we saw sam but not that clearly as the place was surrounded by evil we saved sam and went back home where sam slept in my bed. i made everyone some tea that afternoon and then i went to see my brother at his house where he told me about a problem he had and i helped him with his problem then i went home to see how sam was. sam was better and told me about a new creature in the city one we had never dealt with before so i prepared with our best weapons and went off to fight this creature i came back an hour later covered in blood and i took a shower then noticed some strange marks on my arm and knew that soon i would be changing into a wolf and run with another pack. so i took some spare clothes and drove off in the car sam ran outside and called after me but i was already speeding off and i threw an apologetic look at sam on the way past. i drove for a while then looked for the woods at the side of the road.


text:
EUR/USD: growth continues
Tatiana Norkina, FBS analyst
On Monday, the market failed to consolidate above 1.2490 - the bears broke through the Tenkan-Sen and Kijun support levels, decreasing the currency pair rate to the lower border of the Ichimoku cloud, into the 1.2450 area. It was from here that the bulls resumed buying and today they are storming the recent local highs - 1.2440.
It is obvious that we should expect testing of the upper Cloud border levels around 1.2600/20 in the near future.
Oscillators are positive as well. The MACD Histogram is in the positive area and tends to rise. The RSI line is also directed upwards.
Technical levels: support – 1.2530; resistance – 1.2600, 1.2620
Trade recommendations:
1. Buy — 1.2530/40; SL — 1.2510; TP1 — 1.2600; TP2 — 1.2620.


text:
Entire home/apt
4 Guests
1 bedroom
2 beds
Entire home/apt
4 Guests
1 bedroom
2 beds
About this listing
The space
Please before ask for reservation can you tell me about yourself and the reason of your stay.
Two level Designer Urban townhouse with 2 private garden patios located in the best part of Downtown, best known as Crosstown.
Close to the historic areas of Chinatown and Gastown.
A few walking blocks to touristics spots: Science World, Coal Harbour, Yaletown, Seawall and the Olympic Village.
A 1/2 block to the Stadium Skytrain,Costco and services are at 1/2 block.
Public transportation just a 1/2 block.
Theatre,restaurants,trendy coffee shop and international shopping mall 1 block.
First floor includes living/dinning room, kitchen + den/2 room with double sofa bed.
Fully furnished master bedroom located on the second floor with built in wardrobe & office. Fully equipped master bath, ensuite laundry and storage closet for luggage.
Second room/Den on the first floor,with a double very comfortable sofa bed.
Perfect for two couple or one couple and 2 children.
Private entry at both levels, top floor leads to courtyard, enclosed garden at front entrance with views of a lovely park.
Included security parking spot.
Base rate double accupance.
extra guest $20/nigth adults, free children under 12 years.
Available start just on the end of February.
Please check in at 3pm / out at 10 am flexible base availability.
Guest access
Gym and inside court yard garden.
Interaction with guests
I will hardly the key, personally
Other things to note
The check in is at 3 PM, flexible base to availability.
Check out at 10am , flexible, please ask before arrival.
I request a %50 of damage deposit of your total stay.
Cleaning fee based rate start at $100 stay.
Will require a signed Accommodation Agreement.
No parties.
No permitted to run any kind of temporary bussines.
I accept only guests the their purposes is just a stay vacation.
Please is no for any kind of social reunion.
I will very strict on those rules.
Cancel up to 7 days before your trip and get a 50% refund plus service fees back.
From Mar 1 - May 31, 2017 the minimum stay is 7 nights.
67 Reviews
This host has 112 reviews for other properties.View other reviews
We are very well travel couple that we like to hosting and welcome guest from different countries. Also we use Airbnb for ours family and personally vacation . Please be in contact we us for any information that we happy yo answer .


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Startups & Apps
Wooter Helps You Find Local Sports and New Adventures
By Kristin Pryor | Aug 16, 2015 at 8:00 am
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Is Uber Coming For You? Understand Disruption Before You React
By Brian O'Connor | Aug 15, 2015 at 10:00 am
Disruptive innovation has dominated business headlines for several years now. The death of print media. The debut of mobile apps, big data, Airbnb, Uber… the list goes on. These disruptive entities are super cool, hip companies that grow fast while eating the incumbents lunch and…
Students Deserve an ROI on Their Education
By Will Schmidt | Aug 12, 2015 at 8:00 am
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Magnises – A New Millennial Guide
By Lauren Zeien | Aug 11, 2015 at 7:00 pm
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Readymag Offers Easy, Minimalist Web Design Templates
By Diogo Costa | Aug 11, 2015 at 9:00 am
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Servy Restaurant Review App Serves Feedback to Businesses
By Vanessa Ferragut | Aug 9, 2015 at 2:03 pm
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Maybe You've Got too Much Data: What's Important?
By Will Schmidt | Aug 7, 2015 at 9:00 am
I was reading the other day that over 90 percent of the entire Earth's data was generated in only the last few years. It's a shocking statistic, no doubt, but where some are amazed New York based Correlate is concerned. You see, according to…
Gear & Gadgets
Has Brooklyness Developed the Smartest Smart Bike Ever?
By Kristin Pryor | Aug 5, 2015 at 10:00 pm
This is not your typical collapsable bike. This is a lightweight, electric, collapsable bike with bluetooth connectivity that can detect traffic patterns, hazards, and even help you find the next train home. Brooklyn based Brooklyness (yep), has recently launched an Indiegogo campaign with a goal…
Startups & Apps
9 Tech Startups Disrupting the Legal Industry
By Jerry Nelson | Aug 3, 2015 at 9:00 pm
Legal technology is booming as companies compete to crash the technological, legal space at every level and in every angle. There's a good reason. Experts say the market for legal technology is as much as $400 billion. The legal field has been tough to…
Onevest Raises Nearly $2M for Self-Crowdfunding Its Series A
By Ronald Barba | Jul 28, 2015 at 9:00 am
Onevest – the company whose online equity crowdfunding platform connects early-stage startups to accredited investors – has announced this morning that it has raised nearly $2 million towards its Series A round. While seemingly another typical funding announcement, Onevest's Series A is unique in…
Uber Wins Fight Against New York Mayor De Blasio–For Now
By Greg Ferenstein | Jul 22, 2015 at 8:16 pm
Uber just won a huge political battle. New York Mayor Bill de Blasio has dropped a proposal to place caps on the number of Uber cars on city streets, according to a statement released by Uber's New York general manager, Josh Mohrer. Instead of…
Poll: New Yorkers Overwhelmingly Oppose Uber Regulations
By Greg Ferenstein | Jul 22, 2015 at 7:00 pm
(Ferenstein Wire) -New Yorkers overwhelmingly oppose placing caps on the number of Uber cars. In a poll of 500 people in Manhattan conducted by the Ferenstein Wire with Google Surveys (methods detailed here), 66% of respondents said they opposed placing limits on the number…
Product Launch
Cleanly Launches Service in Brooklyn to Compete Further with FlyCleaners
By Ronald Barba | Jul 22, 2015 at 12:30 pm
This morning, the New York, NY-based on-demand laundry and dry-cleaning service, Cleanly, announced its expansion into Brooklyn. Starting today, those hoping to utilize the Y Combinator-backed company's service can now do so from eight Brooklyn neighborhoods: Williamsburg, Brooklyn Heights, Park Slope, Fort Greene, Boerum…
Social Good
Hearty Start: Feeding the Homeless of NYC One Breakfast Sandwich at a Time
By Amanda Quick | Jul 20, 2015 at 5:00 pm
Three dollars can go a long way –- it definitely won't break the bank, but it can help feed the homeless of New York City. Last year, Teddy Fitzgibbons was walking to work, eating his daily bacon, egg and cheese, when a homeless man…
StellaService Raises $15M to Meet Demand for Customer Service Insights
By Elliot Volkman | Jul 20, 2015 at 8:00 am
This week New York based StellaService announced the completion of a Series C venture round of $15M, more than two years after the completion of its Series B of $15M. In total, the company has raised $37M in funding across 6 different rounds. Founded in…
littleBits Opens a Retail Storefront in New York City
By Will Schmidt | Jul 17, 2015 at 5:00 pm
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Mobile Retail Provider Grability Partners with Chile's Cencosud
By Kristin Pryor | Jul 2, 2015 at 9:00 pm
The world of mobile retail is growing, but there is a lot of room for improvement, especially when it comes to grocery shopping. Most mobile retail apps are not very intuitive or user friendly, and shopping for groceries through a mobile app is basically unheard of. In…


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Who cares, I'm superman
I clench my fist and thrust it forward, my cape flapping in the wind, cause i always wear it you see, even when i sleep.
I stop in mid air and realise: "Hey, if im superman, then why did i run away from some smelly green blob thingies?? Im the god damn man of steel biatch!"
I fly back to go fight them, flexing my muscles, puffing out my chest and such.


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MODULE B: Close Study of Text
Subject matter
Themes, ideas, and concerns
Structure & techniques
Reader's response
The value of the text
Past HSC & Trial Questions
Essay structure
Integrating textual evidence with ideas.
This module requires a CLOSE STUDY of Wilfred Owen's work. You must have a holistic (general / overall / broad) understanding of his poetry, as well as detailed and specific knowledge of particular poems.
Lived from 1893–1918.
Born in England
Died fighting in France
From a devout Protestant upbringing
well-educated and developed a love of writing from a young age.
Literary Context
Historical Setting
World War One: 1914 - 18
Almost 20 mil. people (soldiers and civilians) died in WWI.
remembered for trench warfare and the use of gas.
technological innovations made it the first "modern war."
Influenced by the Romantic poets (inc. Keats & Shelley).
Greatest friend and poetic influence: Siegfried Sassoon.
Part of a small group of WWI poets who, for the first time, wrote realistic and violent poetry in response to their own experiences of warfare.
"This book is not about heroes... Nor is it about glory, honour, might, majesty, dominion, or power, except War... My subject is War, and the pity of War." - Owen
The experiences of soldiers
physical and mental consequences of warfare.
pain and suffering
undignified deaths
Perceptions of warfare
popular perceptions of warfare and glory
challenging propaganda
Realities of warfare
realistic, gritty representation of the battlefield
traumatic consequences
anti-heroic portrayal
THEMES, IDEAS, and CONCERNS
The futility of warfare
The tragic loss of young lives
The lasting impact of conflict
The damage of pro-war propaganda
The harsh reality of war
ACTIVITY: identify those of Owen's poems which deal with these ideas (in a table).
Module B = CLOSE STUDY OF TEXT!!!
Owen frequently utilises a set of effective language devices across all his poems:
emotive language
sensory imagery
sound devices (assonance, alliteration, onomatopoeia, repetition).
figurative language
rhyme (full, half, and para-)
sonnet form
ACTIVITY: Select TWO language devices / techniques and examine how they have been used across all of Owen's poems.
ACTIVITY: Explain the connection between Owen's personal and historical context and the subject matter of his poetry.
VALUE OF OWEN'S POETRY (effect on responder)
This module asks you to consider:
What is Owen's purpose?
Who is the audience?
How does his poetry affect the responder?
Why are we still studying it in 2012?
What makes Owen's poetry of enduring significance?
Practice Questions sheet & Study Guide
Module B Trials response
2010 Exam Paper & Sample response
All notes on this module
Annotated copies of the poems
Any practice essays for this module
Enthusiasm and determination
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Module B: Close Study of Text (Wilfred Owen)
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Ellen O'Connoron 13 August 2013
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Veterans Support Group
This community is dedicated to all veterans of armed forces, and the health and life challenges they face. A veteran often refers to retired armed services personnel, one one who has served in the armed forces and has an honorable discharge. Join many others in sharing your experiences to find support.
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If you have any other possible options for getting your healthcare, use those options and stay away from VA healthcare completely.I had VA healthcare for a few years until their level of incompetency became unbelievable. They were dishonest and abusive towards me. They refused to treat the medical conditions I had, and instead insisted that I had other medical conditions which I did not have, and...
Hello. I hope this is not a bad place to ask this. It is not important other than my own memories of things my husband shared with me , long ago about the Army and Green Berets/Special Forces things he did during the Vietnam War era...He passed away 2 years ago after battling early onset Alzheimers.I was telling my niece about some humorous times in the 80's and 90's when he would take me...
Has anybody experienced going to a group to help with PTSD? By the way, I think they should drop the "D" form PTSD.
During a recent consultation with a Veterans Administration Gastroenterologist, the doctor told us that of the several hundred patients he has treated, he never once found anyone that had Hypochlorhydria (low stomach acid). He also indicated that he doubted that any other gastroenterologist had ever treated patients with low stomach acid. When question about the type of medications he usually...
My uncle Dave passed away two days ago. He served in Vietnam and caught on fire from some type of bomb with shrapnel that went off. The men in his troop put him out. He was 17 years old at the time from what I was told. That was the only thing that I was aware of. I knew monthly the government had him on some type of pain medicine for years. He and my mother came from a family of 11 children. At...
I'm sorry I am not a Vet my Husband was. He died last year. He never got a copy of his medical records when he came back from Desert Shield. Even when they did his retirement checkout they had no records. Now the VA is asking me to send copies of his records because they can't find them. It took me 14 months to get my brothers stuff straight and he died in the VA hospital from cancer caused...
It said that Canad is the first to be on the ground fighting isis. Anybody know if thats true? I thought they werent going on the ground????
I am new to this group, and am not sure of the make-up, but need someplace to seek advice anonymously, and who knows, maybe offer some if I can. I am a 32 year old, married, two time Iraq Veteran. While I have never been to the VA for any reason, honestly I wouldn't know how to start the process with them anyway, I have been experiencing "issues".My wife tells me I need to talk to some one, and...
Aloha! I've been gone a long time.... how is everyone? Did I miss anything important? I had to move a few times since the last time I was on DS. Still going through a short-sale with my house. The bank screwed up the tittle and are taking their sweet time to fix it so now we haven't been able to close the sale. It's been a nightmare. I've been having a lot of trouble sleeping every night, so...
OMG IM SO FRAUSTRATED!!!! The VA gave me wrong ratings, and not the way you think. They gave me one rating on one sheet and a different rating on another sheet for the same disability. Instead of just fixing the clerical error, they are doing a reconsideration which takes 3-4 months!! On the bright side it COULD workout in my favor and I already have 1.5 down. But that means I'm stuck in this...
November11 is coming up. Here in Canada. It is the day we remember those who fought wars and secured our freedom and peace in this country. I decided to just drop in here and thank all of you who have fought for our freedom. And enabled us all to live in peace and liberty. I thank you not because of the wars alone you fought in. But also on coming home and facing life at home in a differrent...
Not to down all of the VA staff, I know there are many who diligently serve our veteran population, I've been put through the ringer a number of times.. I've pleaded to the IG of the VA for my problems, and I know I'm not the only one. So here's my vent.. I was seen first by the VA in Omaha, Nebraska. First incident didn't happen there, but at the University of Nebraska during my first pregnancy....
If you didn't catch this broadcast on PBS the other day, it's a good unbiased documentary of the Iraq war. It's an 1hr 20 min.http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/losing-iraq/
Hi All,I apologize for intruding on your group.I know this is a place for Veterans and not family members, so I apologize if I offend anyone.My sister-in-law and brother live about 1700 miles from me or any other family.My brother just retired, and as much as my SIL does, my brother seems to be declining instead of improving...though he tries. He sets an alarm, gets up at the same time, goes to...
he is a veteran, he has PTSD and MBTI both pretty bad..i have alot of mental disorders..we bump heads alot bcus we struggle to understand each other.. he suffers from amnesia alot and headaches and vertigo so he rests alot.. i understand he needs to rest and i know he rarely feels ok.. but, i feel like no one understand me or thanks me for all the slacks i pick up..i try to be understanding and...
Sharecare Resource Center
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Popular property highlights
Located in Historic Center - Downtown, Relais Santa Croce is adjacent to Basilica of Santa Croce and within a 5-minute walk of other popular sights like Bargello. This 24-room, 5-star hotel has conveniences like a restaurant, a bar/lounge, and free in-room WiFi. Cathedral of Saint Mary of the Flower and Ponte Vecchio are also a short walk from this Florence hotel.
Enjoy a bite to eat at the hotel's restaurant, or relax with a drink at the bar/lounge. Satisfy your hunger from the comfort of your room with 24-hour room service. For your convenience, a buffet breakfast is available for a fee.
Relais Santa Croce's 24 rooms are soundproofed and provide minibars, free newspapers, and safes. Guests can expect free WiFi and plasma TVs with satellite channels and pay movies. Bathrooms have hair dryers and slippers. In-room massages are available, and rooms also include desks.
Property features
Relais Santa Croce features free WiFi in public areas, a meeting room, and a business center. Valet parking is EUR 45 per night if you plan to drive, or hop aboard the airport shuttle (available on request) for EUR 80 per vehicle one way. The 24-hour front desk has multilingual staff ready to assist with dry cleaning/laundry, concierge services, and luggage storage. Other amenities at this luxury hotel include express check-in, free newspapers, and laundry facilities.
- Walking distance to Basilica of Santa Croce and Bargello
- Free WiFi in rooms and public areas
- Onsite dining
- Business center
Relais Santa Croce
Hotel Amenities
Hotel Amenities
The hotel offers a restaurant. A bar/lounge is on site where guests can unwind with a drink. This 5-star property offers access to a business center and a meeting room.
Public areas are equipped with complimentary wired and wireless Internet access. This luxury hotel also offers tour/ticket assistance, multilingual staff, and concierge services. For a surcharge, a roundtrip airport shuttle (available on request) is offered to guests. Onsite parking is available (surcharge).
Relais Santa Croce has designated areas for smoking.
- Year Built 1700
- Total number of rooms - 24
- Concierge services
- Free newspapers in lobby
- Use of nearby fitness center (discount)
- Babysitting or childcare (surcharge)
- Bar/lounge
- Restaurant
- 24-hour front desk
- Porter/bellhop
- Multilingual staff
- Safe-deposit box at front desk
- Laundry facilities
- Dry cleaning/laundry service
- Babysitting or childcare
- Wedding services
- Free WiFi
- Free wired high-speed Internet
- Express check-in
- Luggage storage
- Designated smoking areas
- Tours/ticket assistance
- One meeting room
- Business center
- Valet parking (surcharge)
- Airport transportation (surcharge)
- Breakfast available (surcharge)
- Elevator/lift
- Fireplace in lobby
Available in all rooms: Free WiFi
Available in some public areas: Free WiFi , Free wired high-speed Internet
Valet parking (surcharge)
Room Amenities
Relais Santa Croce offers 24 air-conditioned accommodations with minibars and safes. Plasma televisions come with satellite channels and pay movies. Bathrooms include slippers and hair dryers.
This Florence hotel provides complimentary wireless Internet access. Business-friendly amenities include desks and complimentary newspapers. A nightly turndown service is provided and housekeeping is offered daily. Amenities available on request include in-room massages.
- Pay movies
- Room service (24 hours)
- Air conditioning
- Free newspaper
- In-room climate control (air conditioning)
- Minibar
- Daily housekeeping
- Turndown service
- Hair dryer
- Slippers
- Satellite TV service
- Desk
- In-room safe
- Plasma TV
- Free WiFi
- Soundproofed rooms
- In-room massage available
- Free cribs/infant beds
Where to Eat
Buffet breakfasts are available for a surcharge.
Guelfi e Ghibellini - This restaurant serves breakfast, lunch, and dinner. Guests can enjoy drinks at the bar.
24-hour room service is available.
Nearby Things to Do
The recreational activities listed below are available either on site or nearby; fees may apply.
- Golfing nearby
- Bicycle rentals nearby
- Scooter/moped rentals nearby
Hotel Policies
Check-in time starts at 2 PM
Special check-in instructions:
Check-out time is 11:30 AM
Payment types
Children and extra beds
- Children are welcome.
- Kids stay free! One child 16 years old or younger stays free when using existing bedding.
- Free cribs (infant beds)!
- Pets allowed for an extra charge of EUR 50 per pet, per stay
- 1 per room (up to 15 kg)
You need to know
Extra-person charges may apply and vary depending on property policy.
Government-issued photo identification and a credit card or cash deposit are required at check-in for incidental charges.
Special requests are subject to availability upon check-in and may incur additional charges. Special requests cannot be guaranteed.
No rollaway/extra beds available
Noise-free rooms not guaranteed
- A tax is imposed by the city: EUR 5 per person, per night, up to 7 nights. This tax does not apply to children under 12 years of age.
Optional extras
Hotel Name
- Relais Hotel Santa Croce
- Relais Santa Croce
- Relais Santa Croce Florence
- Relais Santa Croce Hotel Florence
- Relais Santa Croce Hotel
We should mention
All guests, including children, must be present at check-in and show their government-issued photo ID card or passport. Cash transactions at this property cannot exceed EUR 2999.99, due to national regulations. For further details, please contact the property using information in the booking confirmation. One child 16 years old or younger stays free when occupying the parent or guardian's room, using existing bedding. Only registered guests are allowed in the guestrooms.
Awards & Affiliations
- The property is a member of Relais & Chateaux.


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The Audacity of Dopes: Oh, Mickey...
I will never really understand how it is Mickey Kaus came to have a career as a writer. Ever! He's come a very long way for a guy who struggles with complete sentences, relies too much on outlines and boldface because he lacks the wit to come to a point without a klutzy clatter and bang, and who clings to a set of tiresome, doctrinaire ideas like grim death. I can only imagine that the Slate office is infested with a million, billion tiny hairs and if Kaus wasn't there to split them, they'd be overrun like a Tribble infestation or something.
His attempt at reaction to the Obama speech is another singularly hapless offering, filled with a thousand "Oh, gawd..." moments. Kaus actually takes issue with the way Obama orders the words "wrong" and "divisive": "Doesn't Obama mean Rev. Wright's comments were 'not only divisive but wrong,' rather than the other way around? Isn't it worse to be wrong than 'divisive?' He actually said this! When my wife asks me to pick up "milk" and "bread" from the store, I don't wonder if I should obtain one of them with greater ferocity or passion. He's one to talk about equivalencies!
Anyway, as you can reliably count on them to do each day, Jezebelles Moe and Megan rip Kaus apart in the name of quarantining this national disease of what-the-fuckington-fuck-itis, but we should mark this occasion in our calendar - because today is the day that Mike Huckabee officially eclipsed Mickey Kaus in the arena of "making a goddamned lick of sense" - and Huckabee doesn't even know how to multiply!


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Baglar Saray Hotel has a smart and elegant restaurant and a bar which present the most distinguished tastes to the guests. Baglar Saray Hotel has also a lot of alternatives like being homeowner to different organizations. It's our guarantee that you will have cheerful moments and will be glad a...
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Your meetings will be merry at our saloons which are for 10 to 250 persons with our wealthy and delicious menu.


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Take a one day course for an in depth introduction. Read more.
Join the club and learn to fly. Read more.
Want to try gliding? Read more.
Come on a holiday course. Read more.
Cotswold Gliding Club at Aston Down Airfield in Gloucestershire is one of the most progressive gliding clubs in the UK with its large airfield and excellent training fleet.
It really is one of the premier places to learn to fly. We have continuously invested in both our ground and airborne fleet to provide the most reliable and efficient way of getting you in the air. Our large team of instructors gives the greatest possible availability to pilots learning to fly and all instruction is provided free of charge to members.
2017 UK National Vintage Glider Club Rally
We are hosting the 2017 UK National Vintage Glider Club Rally. See here for more information and to register your participation.


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Elle UK hires Phebe Hunnicutt as digital director
Hearst's Elle has appointed Phebe Hunnicutt as digital director.
Hunnicutt will join the title on 13 March, overseeing Elleuk.com and developing digital strategy across all facets of the brand. Currently working as managing editor at AOL Women's Group, Hunnicutt has previously held positions at MyDaily.co.uk and StyleList.com.


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You missed it This great deal for Shake Shake Fitness is over. But don't despair, we've got more great deals every day.
Related Deals That You May Like
Shake Shake Fitness
One-Hour Fitness Class Party for Kids or Adults
- Save 50%
- 3 purchased
100% recommendedin LivingSocial customer ratings
Working out is an important part of staying healthy, and Shake Shake Fitness wants to make sure that exercise is always fun and never dull. With something for all ages, this gym stands out from the crowd:
• $75 ($150 value) for a one-hour kids' hip-hop or Zumba party for up to 15 kids
• $75 ($150 value) for one hour of bikini boot camp for up to 15 people
• $75 ($150 value) for one hour of bridal boot camp for up to 15 people
• $75 ($150 value) for a one-hour adult class for up to 25 people
A kids' hip-hop or Zumba party gets the entire crowd moving, grooving, and having a blast while focusing on healthy physical activity.
Bikini boot camp can help you get toned before beach season.
Bridal boot camp can include traditional boot camp, high-intensity Shake cardio, Zumba, Naughty Cardio, or Insanity classes.
For your adult class, choose from Zumba, Naughty Cardio, and salsa boot camp.
PAID VALUE EXPIRES ON May 29, 2022
PROMOTIONAL VALUE EXPIRES ON October 1, 2014


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Look up when buying a home: a room's height is as important as its footprint, making the "cubic space" a good measure of its true value, with high ceilings offering much more dramatic and inviting interiors.
Smart homebuyers who have become aware of looking for and comparing pounds per square foot the method traditionally used by developers and surveyors are opening their eyes to the joys and advantages of calculating price by pounds per cubic foot.
When estate agents and builders use square footage in property descriptions it applies merely to the home's floor area, or "footprint". The length and width of each room is multiplied and then totalled up, without any allowance for height.
To get the cubic area, the square footage is multiplied by height. So a 1,500sq ft apartment with 10ft-high ceilings would be 15,000 cubic feet. But the same 1,500sq ft footprint with 20ft high ceilings would be 30,000 cubic ft, double the volume.
With ultra-expensive luxury homes people are prepared to pay for the aesthetic qualities of "unusable" space, such as a triple-height atrium. Loft aficionados also treasure the architectural beauty of high, light-filled interiors with voids.
But these voids are also a great opportunity for expansion: when ceilings are high enough to accommodate another floor level, developers often squeeze in mezzanines say, for a bed deck to increase the saleable area (more square footage equals more money).
Today's new builds rarely come with impressively high ceilings (2.4 metres, or eight feet, is the regulation height), meaning that most of the homes offering exceptionally generous cubic space are conversions and refurbishments of old mansions and commercial, institutional and industrial buildings: Victorian schools and asylums, Georgian churches and chapels, banks, barns, garages, warehouses, workshops and interwar factories.
Some agents specialising in this sector say it is time for a new valuation method. "Perhaps a better benchmark would be to quote prices in pounds per cubic foot. However, it does require buyers to have an understanding of space," says Paul Wright, a surveyor with north London-based contractor Lynch Projects.
Environmentalists' demands for more sophisticated energy ratings may bring this about sooner rather than later as a home's energy efficiency and heat requirements cannot be determined by square footage calculations alone.
Already cubic dimensions are used by UK planning authorities when determining whether a home extension falls under "permitted development" rules. Normally, new extensions or attic conversions of up to 50 cubic metres do not require planning consent, depending on the size of the original house.
Clever architectural thinking can dramatically increase redundant cubic space
Hogarth Architects increased the size of an apartment at Queens Gate Terrace, Kensington, by nearly 40 per cent by adding a mezzanine. The 4.5metre-high apartment, formerly the grand reception room of a mid-19th century townhouse before it was split into flats, retains ornate cornicing and the original fireplace.
The single open-plan space has a fabulous oak mezzanine with bespoke shelving and staircase leading to a bedroom with en-suite bathroom screened by frosted glass. The mezzanine addition has added £500,000 to the sale price of £1.99 million, extending the apartment to 1,316 sq ft. Contact Douglas & Gordon on 020 7581 1152.
Architect Paul Brookes, a veteran of more than a dozen London Board school conversions, has even lowered floors and created yet more height by installing a replacement floor made of wafer-thin material used in aircraft production.
Ormond Yard, tucked away behind a wide barn-style door entrance in historic St James's, used to be the pumphouse for Chatham House, the famous nearby listed mansion, home to three former prime ministers. Niche developer Jonathan Brewin has transformed the space into a superb one-off residence using glass, steel, slate, stone, timber and Corian finishes. The showpiece feature is a void space spanning three floors crowned by a remote-controlled retractable roof.
Estate agent Lawrence Glynn describes the property as "mould-breaking", while the marketing brochure points out that the interior measures 1,763sq ft "without the void". Price: £2.49 million. Call LDG on 020 27580 1010.
Behind the retained classical façade of The Lancasters, overlooking Hyde Park, are 72 prestige new-build apartments, some with six-metre-high ceilings. Mezzanines have been built in to optimise space in the less formal rooms. A 2,862sq ft show home includes a 969sq ft mezzanine, "liberating" 34 per cent extra space. Prices from £900,000 to £17 million. Call 020 7402 8822.
Domus Nova, an agent specialising in architectural interiors, has a number of spectacular London properties on its books and is a worthwhile starting point. A double-height contemporary-design home in Gunter Grove, Kensington, has been built in two halves, connected by a glass bridge across a central atrium. Price £3.59 million. Call 020 7727 1717.
High interiors do not always come with a high price tag. The Paragon, a Victorian school conversion close to Elephant & Castle in south-east London, has some of the capital's cheapest double-height spaces. Prices from £595,000. Call Stirling Ackroyd on 020 7940 3862.
Such volumetric homes are not confined to London
Barns are the rural equivalent of factory lofts and can be transformed into terrific spaces, with "cathedral" ceilings and full-height glazed sections. Developer City & Country specialises in converting heritage buildings stable blocks, mansions, asylums and colleges keeping the raw beauty of the original structure and adding some metropolitan interior design touches to give a "country cool" look.
"There's real appetite for these sorts of homes because they've got genuine wow factor," says Helen Moore, managing director.
Hertfordshire and Essex are City & Country's favourite counties as both are close enough to the capital to entice both London commuters and people who want to leave The Smoke for good. Current projects include The Galleries, formerly Warley Hospital, in Brentwood, where a triple-height apartment has been created in the clocktower. Prices from £225,000. Call 01277 202122.
The same treatment is being given to Old Saint Michael's, a listed hospital in Braintree, where double-height apartments with exposed roof trusses are priced from £195,000. Call 01376 335800. Metropolitan Police inspector Phil Stinger, 28, was smitten by the double-height apartment he saw at Old Saint Michael's and had no hesitation about moving from a "bog standard new-build home".
"I love the fact that the original tall windows and structural beams remain unaltered and form part of the interior design," he said. "There's a liberating sense of space and the architectural character has real charm."
The Lakes near Lechlade in Gloucestershire is a 650-acre "eco-estate" where individually designed glass-and-timber houses are being built to order on the water's edge. The project is a collaboration between developers Yoo, backed by designers Philippe Starck and Jade Jagger, and Raven Group. Five clearwater lakes make up 60 per cent of the estate.
Buyers choose their plot, house style and interior design. Minimalist houses have American and Scandinavian design influences: open-plan, double-height spaces with floor-to-ceiling windows, decked terraces and boat landings. Prices from £870,000 to £3 million. Visit thelakesbyyoo.com or call 01367 250066.
Follow us on Twitter @HomesProperty, Facebook and Instagram
- More about:
- London
- Lechlade
- Warley Hospital
- Elephant & Castle
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COLUMBUS — Lowndes County supervisors have awarded contracts for an access road, rail spur and loading pad portions of the expansion for the local Mississippi Steel Processing plant.
The Commercial Dispatch reports the board accepted recommendations from county engineer Bob Calvert on the contracts.
Okolona-based Ausbern Construction was selected to build the access road after submitting a bid of $716,354. Continental Rails & Excavating of Hattiesburg got a contract for the loading pad at $167,587.
Prewett Enterprises from Walls will construct the rail spur after supervisors approved their $112,668 bid.
Each of those bids was the lowest submitted in each category for the project during a bid opening last week.
The plant buys steel coils and cuts the metal to customer specifications. The expansion is expected to create 40 jobs.


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Barack Obama's visit to Colombia suffered an embarrassing hiccup after the Secret Service acknowledged it had sent some agents home facing allegations of misconduct before the leader's arrival.
The President was this weekend attending the sixth Summit of the Americas for political leaders but the alleged misconduct by a dozen agents threatened to overshadow his diplomatic mission. The Associated Press reported that a caller, who said he had knowledge of the situation, told the newswire on Friday that the misconduct involved prostitutes in Cartagena, site of the summit. A Secret Service spokesman did not dispute the claim.
Mr Obama told the summit yesterday that legalising drugs was not the answer to trafficking in illegal narcotics in the Americas.
- More about:
- Barack Obama
- Diplomacy
- Global Politics
- Law
- Narcotics


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- Case
- Metal
skip 02/27/2014
This review is from: eForCity 10-Piece Touch Screen Stylus
Easier, safer and more efficient to use your finger instead of this. You have to press down really hard and risk damaging screen to use this.
1 people found this review helpful. Did you? Yes / No Thanks for the valuable feedback you provided!


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The Constitution is not clear about the power of the Supreme Court. Judicial Interpretation of the Constitution. The strength and path of the court were found with Chief Justice John Marshall 4 th Chief Justice 1801 – 1835. Judicial Interpretation of the Constitution.
Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author.While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server.
The Constitution is not clear about the power of the Supreme Court
The strength and path of the court were found with Chief Justice John Marshall
4th Chief Justice
1801 – 1835
During this time, there were three major decisions:
Marbury v Madison
Gibbons v Ogden
McCulloch v Maryland
Marbury v Madison
President John Adams, a Federalist, appoints 82 Federalist justices.
(Last day in office!!)
"Midnight Judges"
Threat to incoming President Jefferson (a Democrat-Republican)
Jefferson ordered his Secretary of State, James Madison, not to allow William Marbury to take his position.
Marbury was particularly unpopular
Marbury appealed directly to the Supreme Court.
John Marshall: FTW.
Judiciary Act of 1801 (passed
by Congress) infringed on the
Court unconstitutionally!
Marbury: No "standing" to S.C.
The Court was able
to rule a law unconstitutional
and thus created the
important precedent of judicial
S.C. gets final say!!!