text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Apr 25, 1978
|Filing date
|Sep 9, 1976
|Priority date
|Oct 2, 1974
|Publication number
|Manfred Kremer
|Original Assignee
|Still Gmbh (Vormals Se-Fahrzeugwerke Gmbh)
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (2), Referenced by (13), Classifications (16)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This is a division of application Ser. No. 618,922, filed Oct. 2, 1975, now U.S. Pat. No. 3,997,888.
My present invention relates to a system for and a method of monitoring the state of charge of an electric battery, especially -- though not exclusively -- one supplying power to an automotive vehicle for driving same and, possibly, for controlling ancillary devices thereon such as, for example, a hydraulic lifting mechanism of a self-propelled fork-lift truck.
If a vehicular or other rechargeable battery is discharged beyond a certain state of depletion, it may be irreversibly overloaded and thus permanently disabled. In systems operating without charger, or even in charger-equipped vehicles where a faulty charger can cause great inconvenience, it is therefore desirable to monitor the state of charge of such a battery in order that the same may be recharged or, if need be, replaced in time.
To determine the state of charge of a battery in use, it is not sufficient to measure its terminal voltage since that voltage varies with the current drawn by the load. It is therefore necessary to derive a test parameter from simultaneous measurements of voltage and current with establishment of an alarm condition (e.g. the emission of a visual signal) by the measuring instrument upon ascertainment of a certain degree of depletion -- say, a discharge of 80% -- to warn the operator, usually with a certain delay in order to exclude transient conditions.
Instruments heretofore used for this purpose include rotary-coil galvanometers connected across a resistor lying in series with the load. In a moving vehicle, such galvanometers must be relatively insensitive to vibrations and therefore require a substantial input voltage for their operation so that the resistor must be of appreciable magnitude; such a series resistor, of course, dissipates considerable energy on being traversed by the load current. Thus, an accurate charge indication is difficult to obtain with conventional apparatus of this type.
The object of my present invention, therefore, is to provide an effective method of monitoring the charge of a battery in use, e.g. on a moving object such as an electrically operated carriage, in order to signal in a reliable manner the approaching depletion of that battery, with automatic changeover to a condition reducing the rate of energy consumption.
In accordance with my present invention, a voltage divider connected across a first and a second terminal of a battery to be monitored has a voltage-stabilized first section and a resistive second section in series, a resistive bridge circuit being connected across the first divider section between the first terminal and the junction point of these sections while a resistive connection extends from the second terminal to a corner of an output diagonal of the bridge so as to tend to unbalance same in a certain sense upon a decrease of the battery voltage, i.e. of the potential difference between the two terminals. A current sensor couples the bridge with the load circuit in a manner tending to unbalance the bridge in the opposite sense upon an increase in the flow of load current, thereby compensating for the reduction in terminal voltage due to such current flow. An amplifier, preferably of the integrating operational type, is differentially connected across the output diagonal of the bridge to generate a test voltage representative of the state of charge of the battery; a detector circuit connected to this amplifier establishes an alarm condition whenever this test voltage passes from a normal range to an off-normal range indicative of a predetermined state of depletion.
The current sensor may comprise a resistor in series with the load inserted between two adjoining bridge arms; the magnitude of this resistor can be very small compared with that of these bridge arms and the other bridge resistances inasmuch as the voltage drop thereacross is magnified by the operational magnifier. It should be noted, however, that other types of low-dissipation sensors (e.g. electromagnetic or thermal) responsive to the load current could also be used.
In a particularly advantageous embodiment, this small series resistor and minor parts of the adjoining bridge arms -- of comparable resistance -- are constituted by a metal plate physically supporting other major components of the system, such as the remainder of the bridge circuit, the operational amplifier and the associated detector circuit.
According to a more specific feature of my invention, the detector circuit comprises a timing means activated by the output of a comparator whenever the test voltage lies in its off-normal range, as determined by a reference voltage obtained from a potentiometer connected in parallel with the bridge circuit. A switching transistor or equivalent switchover means is reversed by the timing means upon the elapse of a predetermined cumulative duration of the times of activation thereof by the comparator output. I prefer to use as the timing means a pulse generator working into a pulse counter adapted to store the number of pulses previously generated even if successive periods of activation are separated by prolonged recovery intervals in which the test voltage falls into the normal range.
It is, of course, desirable not to preserve such a count over an extended standstill period during which the battery may have been recharged or replaced, or may have recovered sufficiently to be again suitable for longer use. On the other hand, short-term interruptions of the load circuit should not have the effect of canceling the information registered in the counter. Thus, according to a further feature of my invention, the counter may have a resetting input connected to a reactive branch of the load circuit to restore the count to zero upon closure of that circuit, this reactive branch including capacitive storage means for preventing such restoration in the case of a reclosure following an interruption for less than a predetermined minimum interval.
It could happen, though, that a battery is being charged without disconnection from the load. In order to obviate the need for breaking the load circuit under such circumstances for an extended period, I prefer to provide the pulse generator with a feedback connection from the switchover means for continuing the stepping of the counter in the alarm condition, independently of the voltage comparator, until another predetermined count is reached which causes restoration of the switchover means to its former, normal state.
There are various ways in which the alarm condition can be brought to the attention of an operator, aside from the operation of visual indicators such as voltmeters and light emitters. A particularly effective method is a switching operation which eliminates certain options in the operation of the load, e.g. by cutting off the power to at least a significant part thereof, since this not only gives a signal but automatically reduces or stops the power consumption so as to retard or prevent complete exhaustion of the battery. In a fork-lift truck, for example, the cutoff may be limited to the controls for the (usually hydraulic) lifting mechanism while the traction-wheel drive remains energized; simultaneously, or alternatively, the drive circuit may be modified to permit only low-speed locomotion for letting the vehicle travel to the nearest charging station.
The above and other features of my invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawing in which:
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a charge monitor embodying the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a more detailed circuit diagram, illustrating certain modifications; and
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a physical unit incorporating most of the components shown in FIG. 2.
In FIG. 1 I have shown a rechargeable battery 100 in series with a master switch 90, the battery having a first, positive terminal 10 and a second, negative terminal 11 connected to respective bus bars 81, 62. One of these terminals, generally the positive one in accordance with the usual practice, may be grounded as indicated in FIG. 2.
A voltage divider connected across battery 100 comprises a constant-voltage section, represented by a Zener diode 14, in series with a resistive section 43 illustrated in FIG. 1 as a simple resistor. The junction point J of these two divider sections is tied to an ancillary bus bar 89. Closure of master switch 90 completes a load circuit from terminal 10 via a low-ohmic resistor 12, a conductor 63, a load 60 here assumed to be an electric motor driving a self-propelled fork-lift truck, and bus bar 62 to a point 80 connected by switch 90 to terminal 11. An ancillary load 61, i.e. a control circuit for a hydraulic lifting mechanism of the fork-lift truck, is connected in parallel with the main load 60 via on armature and a front contact of an electromagnetic relay 6 whose winding, in series with a switching transistor 20 of PNP type, is connected in FIG. 1 between conductor 63 and bus bar 89; in FIG. 2 the relay and the transistor lie between bus bar 81 and a conductor 84. Relay 6 is energized in the normal operation of the system as more fully described hereinafter.
A resistance bridge 1 is connected in parallel with Zener diode 14 between terminal 10 and ancillary bus bar 89. The bridge has a first arm consisting of two series resistors 36, 37 inserted between battery terminal 10 and a corner A of an output diagonal, a second arm consisting of two series resistors 39, 40 inserted between a point 13 at the opposite end of resistor 12 and another corner B of that diagonal, a third arm in the form of a resistor 38 between points J and A, and a fourth arm in the form of a resistor 41 between points J and B. A variable resistor 42 is connected between the junctions of resistor pairs 36, 37 and 39, 40 in order to adapt the bridge circuit 1 to the characteristics of the battery 100. The voltage drop across Zener diode 14, necessarily smaller than the battery voltage of nominally 12 V, for example, may be about 10 V.
Bridge corner B is further connected to negative bus bar 62 via a resistor 44 so dimensioned, along with the several bridge resistances, that point B is always positive with reference to point A even when there is a maximum voltage drop across resistor 43 (battery fully charged, no load current) or across resistor 12 (maximum load current). It will be understood that the lowering of the potential of point B by the load current is to compensate, as exactly as possible, the raising of that potential by the decrease in the voltage drop across resistor 43 which results from the reduction in terminal voltage due to the internal resistance of the battery.
An operational amplifier 22, with an integrating capacitor 23 inserted between its output and its inverting input in parallel with a resistor 21 (FIG. 2), has that inverting input connected via a resistor 45 to point A and has its noninverting input connected to point B. As long as the battery 100 holds an effective charge, the voltage difference between points A and B is small and a test voltage in the output of amplifier 22 is less than a reference voltage on a tap of a potentiometer 47 bridged across bus bars 81 and 89. The test voltage from amplifier 22 and the reference voltage from potentiometer 47 are applied to respective inputs of a comparator 19, the test voltage being also fed to a voltmeter 9 inserted between the amplifier output and bus bar 81. The pointer of the voltmeter 9 stands on a green field as long as the test voltage is in a normal range indicative of this state of charge; the output of comparator 19 is low (L), e.g. 2.5 V above the potential of bus bar 89. A pulse generator 3, with an activating input connected to the comparator output, is inoperative under these circumstances. Pulse generator 3 works into a stepping input 24 of a pulse counter 5 and, in parallel therewith, into a light-emitting diode 4 inserted between its output and bus bar 81. Amplifier 22, generator 3 and counter 5 form part of a detecting network 2 whose components are all energized from bus bars 81 and 89; the positive supply lead of pulse counter 5 includes a diode 7 in series with a capacitor 8, connected to bus bar 89, for a purpose which will be explained hereinafter with reference to FIG. 2.
Pulse counter 5 has a stage output connected to the base of switching transistor 20. When the counter is reset, as likewise described below, that output is at a relatively negative potential (L) so that transistor 20 conducts and energizes the relay 6, thereby completing the operating circuit for ancillary load 61. The light-emitting diode 4 is not energized.
When, with increasing depletion of battery 100, the potential of point B rises with reference to that of point A, comparator 19 eventually switches to a high output (H) -- e.g. of 8.5 V with reference to the potential of bus bar 89 -- as the test voltage in the output of amplifier 22 reaches the magnitude of the reference voltage on the tap of potentiometer 47. Pulse generator 3 now operates and emits a train of negative pulses which cause the diode to flash, at a rate well within the range of visual perception such as 1.5 Hz. Pulse counter 5 is stepped at the same rate but does not block the switching transistor 20 until its count has reached a value energizing the corresponding stage output, i.e. driving the potential of that output more positive. When this occurs, relay 6 releases its armature and load 61 is cut off.
When the test voltage in the output of amplifier 22 rises into the off-normal range, the pointer of voltmeter 9 stands on a red field and indicates the extent of the depletion while the operator's attention is called to this situation by the flashing of LED 4. If the operator now briefly opens the master switch 90, the battery 100 may recover sufficiently to return the pointer to the green field upon subsequent reclosure of the load circuit, with pulse generator 3 remaining inactive. The count previously registered in component 5, indicative of the length of time during which the test voltage was off-normal, is preserved, however, and is increased whenever the pulse generator is reactivated.
Since in FIG. 1 the operating current for relay 6 passes through the sensing resistor 12, the cessation of that current upon cutoff of transistor 20 does not alter the input voltages of amplifier 22 inasmuch as the reduced voltage drop across this resistor is compensated by the resulting increase in terminal voltage as discussed above. In FIG. 2, however, I have shown the emitter of transistor 20 connected to bus bar 81 instead of conductor 63 so that such compensation does not occur; I have therefore included in divider section 43 a compensating PNP transistor 15 whose emitter is tied to bus bar 89 and whose collector is connected to point 80 on negative bus bar 62 by way of series resistors 96, 97 and 16 as well as a diode 18 which protects the transistor 15 against accidental polarity reversals in the connection of the battery to the monitoring system. An integrating network in parallel with Zener diode 14 includes a voltage divider formed by two resistors 91, 92 and a further resistor 93 lying between the junction of these two resistors and the base of transistor 15, resistor 93 being shunted by a capacitor 94. Another resistor 95 is inserted between the transistor base and the junction of collector resistors 96 and 97. The winding of relay 6, which in FIG. 1 is shown tied to bus bar 89, is here connected by way of a conductor 88 to the junction C of resistors 97 and 16 so that the relay current flows only through the latter resistor; when that current stops, point C goes more negative and lowers the resistance of transistor 15 so that more current is drawn from the battery through the voltage divider 14, 43 whereby the terminal voltage of the battery is left substantially unchanged by the switchover. By the same token, a subsequent re-energization of relay 6 (as described below) will not significantly reduce that terminal voltage and will not cause an added drain of the battery.
In FIG. 2 I have further shown a calibrating resistor 46 connected in parallel with resistor 38 as part of the third bridge arm. A capacitor 73 between conductors 81 and 88 protects the transistor 15 against transient peak voltages. A resistor 17 is shown inserted between the output of amplifier 22 and the corresponding input of comparator 19. The output of pulse generator 3 is connected to stepping input 24 of counter 5 via an inverter I in series with a capacitor 58, this output being joined to the cathode of LED 4 by way of another resistor 25. Capacitor 8 lies in parallel with a discharge resistor 34 and with a differentiation circuit consisting of a capacitor 52 in series with a resistor 99, their junction being tied to a reset input 53 of counter 5. This counter has three stage outputs 54, 55, 56 connected via respective inverters II, III, IV and diodes 31, 32, 33 to the input of a further inverter V and in parallel therewith through a resistor 27 to bus bar 81. Inverter V biases the base of switching transistor 20 via a resistor 57 and is further connected by way of a feedback lead 30 and a diode 35 to a capacitor 50, joined to bus bar 89, through two series resistors 48, 49 whose junction is tied to the activating input of pulse generator 3. The output of comparator 19 is connected via a diode 28 to the junction of diode 35 with resistor 48. A discharge resistor for capacitor 50 is shown at 59.
Capacitor 50 and resistor 59 delay the effect of a change in the output of comparator 19 so as to prevent brief voltage fluctuations from affecting the pulse generator 3. Storage network 8, 34 has a time constant sufficient to disable the differentiation circuit 52, 99 for, say, two minutes by keeping its capacitor 52 charged during short-term interruptions of the load circuit. When that load circuit is completed by closure of master switch 90 after having been interrupted for a longer period, negative voltage on bus bar 89 energizes the resetting input 53 of counter 5 which is thereby restored to zero, de-energizing its stage outputs 54 - 56 and driving the outputs of inverters II - IV positive so that a blocking potential is applied to diodes 31 - 33. The full positive potential of bus bar 81 is thus transmitted by resistor 27 to the input of inverter V whose output, accordingly, is low and, through resistor 57, unblocks the transistor 20 with resulting energization of relay 6. Capacitors 8 and 50 are both discharged at this time.
When comparator 19 responds to an off-normal test voltage in the output of amplifier 22, pulse generator 3 is activated with a delay determined by network 50, 59 and emits negative pulses which, besides causing the LED 4 to flash, pass through inverter I and capacitor 58 to stepping input 24 so that counter 5 is advanced and, eventually, energizes its output 54 which may be that of its 10th stage, loaded after 29 = 512 pulses. With the aforementioned pulse cadence of 1.5 Hz this represents a cumulative off-normal period of about 51/2 minutes. Outputs 55 and 56, which may be those of the 11th and 12th stages, are subsequently energized. The corresponding diodes 31 - 33 are thereby made conductive and inverter V acquires a highly positive output, blocking the transistor 20 and feeding back charging voltage by way of lead 30 and diode 35 as well as resistors 48 and 49 to capacitor 50 so as to keep the pulse generator 3 operating regardless of possible reversions of the output voltage of comparator 19 to its low state. This situation lasts until the counter 5 has reached the end of its capacity after 212 = 4096 pulses, or approximately 45 minutes. The counter then returns to zero and switching transistor 20 conducts again, thereby re-energizing the relay 6.
In FIG. 2 the relay 6 is shown to have an armature 87, connected to conductor 63, with a back contact 83 tied to a "slow" input of vehicle drive 60 and a front contact 85 tied to a "fast" input thereof. Thus, energization of the relay permits the operator to drive the fork-lift truck or other vehicle at high speeds whereas its release allows the use of low speeds only.
In FIG. 3 I have illustrated a metallic base plate 70 supporting, by a pair of metal sleeves 75', 76', a bottom plate 74 of a switch housing 77 accommodating the relay 6 and other parts of the system shown in FIG. 2, bottom plate 74 carrying a printed circuit. Housing 77 is secured to base plate 70 by screws 78, 79 threaded into sleeves 75', 76', the latter representing the junctions between resistors 36, 37 and 39, 40 designated 75 and 76 in FIG. 2. Holes 71' and 72' of plate 70 receive nonillustrated connectors representing junction points 71 and 72 in FIG. 2 between resistors 12 and 36, 39. These low-ohmic resistors are constituted in FIG. 3 by respective sections of base plate 70 lying between holes 71', 72' and sleeves 75', 76'. Tabs 80' and 82' - 87' on bottom plate 74 represent analogously designated points in FIG. 2, i.e. terminal 80 of bus bar 62, a point 82 on bus bar 81, back contact 83, a terminal 84 of LED 4, front contact 85, a terminal 86 of voltmeter 9, and the anchor point of armature 87. According to the showing of FIG. 2, tab 82' and the connector 71' may be grounded.
Thus, the unit shown in FIG. 3 can be readily connected to all external circuit elements including the battery, the visual indicators 4 and 9, and the load.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Dec 10, 1962
|Feb 28, 1967
|Motorola Inc
|Storage battery condition indicator with temperature and load current compensation
|Feb 3, 1967
|Oct 28, 1969
|Kw Battery Co
|Protective device
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Nov 18, 1980
|Jul 19, 1983
|Lucas Industries Limited
|Battery monitoring system
|Sep 30, 1982
|May 14, 1985
|The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force
|Nickel-cadmium battery conditioner and tester apparatus
|Jun 20, 1985
|Jul 7, 1987
|Robert Clark
|Bidirectional current time integration device
|Jan 4, 1988
|Sep 19, 1989
|George Zaderej
|Protection circuit for a battery charger
|Apr 23, 1991
|Sep 20, 1994
|Span, Inc.
|Battery charging and monitoring system
|Mar 8, 1993
|Feb 20, 1996
|Batonex, Inc.
|Battery charger for charging alkaline zinc/manganese dioxide cells
|Jun 30, 1997
|May 4, 1999
|Daimlerchrysler Corporation
|Current check module for hand-held vehicle tester
|Jan 31, 2001
|Jul 9, 2002
|International Truck International Property Company, L.L.C.
|Vehicle battery condition monitoring system
|Apr 15, 2004
|Oct 17, 2006
|Preco Electronics, Inc.
|Combined back-up and battery low-level alarm for vehicle
|Apr 15, 2004
|Oct 20, 2005
|Anderson Dennis N
|Combined back-up and battery low-level alarm for vehicle
|May 7, 1980
|Nov 12, 1980
|Westinghouse Electric Corporation
|Method of and system for the detection of object impact
|May 7, 1980
|Oct 3, 1984
|Westinghouse Electric Corporation
|Method of and system for the detection of object impact
|Dec 14, 1984
|Jun 26, 1985
|The Commonwealth Of Australia
|Battery testing circuit
|U.S. Classification
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification


text: Next Story > The Accelerators Discussion of the Week: Pivot or Persevere? Dec 31, 2012 11:52 am ET @WSJSTARTUP: When should you make a substantive change to one or more parts of your business model? (Click here to see what our startup mentors have to say) To Read the Full Story, Subscribe or Sign In Previous Joining the Conversation Part II: A Roundup of Reader Comments Next Vision Vs. Hallucination

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Here we go again...
This is a discussion on Guns and Alcohol don't mix (ever) within the General Firearm Discussion forums, part of the Related Topics category; Just read tis and had to roll my eyes. Drunken teen killed by own ricocheted gunshot in southern Texas | Fox News...
Just read tis and had to roll my eyes.
Drunken teen killed by own ricocheted gunshot in southern Texas | Fox News
Here we go again...
I'd rather be lucky than good any day
There's nothing that will change someone's moral outlook quicker than cash in large sums.
Majority rule only works if you're also considering individual rights. Because you can't have five wolves and one sheep voting on what to have for supper.
it's not alcohol and guns that don't mix, it is stupid people and guns don't mix
Yeah, the gun just clinks around in the glass and won't dissolve. Not to mention the Hoppes after taste.
I prefer to live dangerously free than safely caged!
"Our houses are protected by the good Lord and a gun. And you might meet 'em both if you show up here not welcome son." Josh Thompson "Way Out Here"
Too bad the bullet didn't fragment and clean the rest of the gene pool at the same time.
Freedom doesn't come free. It is bought and paid for by the lives and blood of our men and women in uniform.
USAF Retired
NRA Life Member
illegals, with guns ( has to be against some law....) and who pays to clean up the mess??
You plug 'em, I plant 'em
...kid can't read at 17 (Garcia/Hunter 1985)
Lack of preparation on your part does not necessarily constitute an emergency on mine


text:
It only takes a minute to get started. Fill out our simple sign up form and login to the website.
This step is voluntary but will seriously raise your chances of getting interest from other Christian members on the site. Tell people about yourself, your pasttimes and attach a nice photograph of yourself.
Utilise our website's state-of-the-art search to pinpoint members who satisfy your needs. Or just look through listings of Christian singles and pinpoint singles that seem interesting.
Located someone who could be interesting? Drop them a line or just a wink and wait for their response. With a little luck you'll be on your way to an amazing adventure.
It only takes a few clicks


text: Education A look at education issues around Virginia. Governor Proposes Increased Funding to Hire More K-12 Teachers By Kelsea Pieters • Dec 18, 2015 Creative Commons, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/ Part of Governor McAuliffe's overall proposed budget includes more than $1 billion dollars allotted for education. Among the initiatives poised to receive that funding, John O'Neil with the Virginia Education Association says several stand out, such as adding thousands of much-needed teaching positions, and a $50 million dollar increase in funding for programs helping at-risk students Governor Terry McAuliffe Reveals Proposed Higher Education Funding By Mallory Noe-Payne • Dec 15, 2015 Mallory Noe-Payne Since the recession, state funding for higher education across the country has plummeted - including here in Virginia, where it remains a quarter below what it was before the recession. Governor McAuliffe revealed details today about how he'd like to fund higher education in the state for the next two years. As the state has decreased funding for higher education, Virginia's public colleges have had to increase tuition and fees. Governor McAuliffe Announces Plan to Issue $2.5 Billion in Bonds, Mostly to State Colleges By Mallory Noe-Payne • Dec 9, 2015 It's a budget year in Virginia -- meaning during this year's legislative session the Governor and General Assembly will work to craft how the state spends its money for the next two years…. Governor Terry McAuliffe won't reveal his proposed budget until next week, but Wednesday in Richmond he did announce a plan to issue $2.5 billion in bonds. Money from those bond sales will largely go to the state's colleges. Overhauling 'No Child Left Behind' By Matt Laslo • Dec 7, 2015 Virginia educators and state leaders are soon expected to be able to exert more control over local schools across the commonwealth. Lawmakers were supposed to overhaul No Child Left Behind in 2007 but they couldn't bridge the ideological divide. That's left a patchwork across the nation as the Obama Administration compelled states to embrace it's Common Core standards while granting waivers to some 43 states. Virginia Democratic Congressman Bobby Scott was a key player in scrapping No Child Left Behind. He says the new bill gives states the leeway they've been craving. VCU Commended for Closing Minority Graduation Gap By Mallory Noe-Payne • Dec 7, 2015 Creative Commons, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/ Virginia colleges have made strides in raising graduation rates for black and latino students, with VCU leading the way. That's according to a report from the Education Trust. The study collected data on every public school in the country. It looked at each college's graduation rates today, and 10 years ago, comparing the rates for minority students to their white peers. Pages« first ‹ previous … 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 … next › last »


text:
The Zika Virus: If I lived in the US or in Europe, would I travel to Costa Rica right now?
We have received a number of phone calls at our hotels and lodges from guests who are confused and concerned about the Zika virus and travel to Latin America.
I grew up in Germany and have been living in Costa Rica for more than 20 years. I am married and have three children. We live in the outskirts of San Jose and I travel to the different hotels and lodges of the Cayuga Collection on an almost weekly basis. I am concerned about health issues as much as any other head of family.
Here is my take on things:
If my wife or daughter were pregnant and we were about to go on vacation to Latin America or the southern US (i.e. Florida, Texas, etc), I would postpone the trip. And I would expect the airline and the hotels to give me a full refund. This is our policy at the Cayuga Hotels. In the past weeks, we have refunded several reservations of pregnant women.
As long as no one in my family or group of friends that I would be traveling with was pregnant or trying to get pregnant in the immediate future, I would not hesitate to go on the trip. According to the data we have available as of today, Zika is no worse than the flu and only a "potential" threat to pregnant women.
We also had cases of women telling us that they were "trying to get pregnant". So we tell them that they can book their trip with our guarantee that if she is pregnant during the travel dates, we would cancel the reservation free of charge.
In summary. Medical officials are saying traveling to Costa Rica and Nicaragua is safe as long as you are not pregnant or in the process of trying to get pregnant which may happen while you are traveling. For updated information on this topic, please visit: http://www.cdc.gov/zika/
Please be assured that we are doing everything possible in and around our hotels, resorts and lodges to keep our guests and employees healthy. Being in remote locations where most of our hotels are located is actually a good thing as the chances of getting bitten by a mosquito that carries the Zika Virust is much higher in populated areas and cities.
I am happy to discuss this more if you would like. Send me a note to [email protected].


text:
My first Letter
First writing on here struggled a little but came out with something
I guess it seems like
Our emotions are gone
We don't wanna cross the line that was so meticulously drawn
And it hurts, but I guess its time to move on
Ive figured out the grass is greener in other neighborhood lawns but
Thats not how it works,
Not how it goes.
Thats how the world sees it but we're all alone.
No emotions on my sleeve no feelings shown
But you're running through my mind and everybody knows.
But they don't get it and I don't think i do either,
How to blow an angel off and turn around and say i need her
My one regret is that i shouldve tried to write this letter neater
But its my first one out of many, take a seat in Jimmy's theatre...
and enjoy the featuring presentation brought to you.


text:
Finca for sale in Alhaurín el Grande
Built 111m² • 2 Beds • 2 Baths • Terraces 23m² • Plot 2541m² • reference: F1920470Enquire about this property
Energy Efficiency CertificateView EEC for this property
Property Description
This is a very pretty cottage in the mountains of Alhaurín el Grande that offers very harmonious views of the hills, valleys and plains. Surrounded by nature, plenty of trees, olive, orange and pomegranate groves, this is the perfect place to relax and enjoy the southern lifestyle. This is the real Andalucía, just 30 minutes from the airport and 35 minutes from the lovely beaches of Costa del Sol. The views, the climate (320 sunny days!) and this privileged location, make this cosy country house with its pool and garden, an ideal place for recreation and relaxation as well as living here all the year around. This 88m² dwelling is developed as a ground floor house. All rooms have large windows, making this home bright, warm & inviting. The living room is 24m² and from here you can access the 23m² terrace, covered with grape vines as well as the pool area and well-looked-after garden. In the end of the hall, you will find the spacious & bright fully fitted kitchen, ideal for preparing delicious dishes to be enjoyed with family and friends in the dining room or on the porch or the terrace. The two bedrooms are very intimate and independent, plus the main bedroom has an en-suite shower room. The house is also equipped with a guest bathroom. The cottage is sold unfurnished. Its mezzanine floor, traditional ceramic floor tiles, large windows giving an airy with feel generous influx of light, high ceilings and the surrounding land, give this property a great potential when completing the decoration with your personal touch. Though situated in the countryside, this property is located just 2km from the town of Alhaurín el Grande. Here you can enjoy this well equipped town, its people, restaurants and bars, pretty streets, historical monuments, shops & the lifestyle it offers. Finca, Countryside, Fitted Kitchen, Parking: Off road parking, Pool: Private, Garden: Private, Facing: South Views: Countryside, Garden, Mountains, Panoramic, Pool.
Want to know more about this Finca? Ask Greig:
Greig Hayes
VIVA Customer Services
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text:
Social: IRL Des Moines – Beyond the keynote with Brian Solis
Social: IRL
Wednesday, June 6, 2012 from 2:00 PM to 5:00 PM (CDT)
5:00 - 7:00pm Post event book signing, reception and networking
In addition to their event registration, attendees will receive an invitation to join Brian for special post event networking.
Attendees registered on or before May 31 will also receive a free copy of Brian's book, The End of Business as Usual.
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Illinois Public Media
All articles tagged Ron Sandack
Top-Ranking GOP Illinois State Lawmaker Ron Sandack Resigns
Suspensions And Expulsions Measure Heads To Illinois Governor
Republican Lawmaker: Give Bankruptcy A Chance
School Funding Fight Set To Resume In Senate
Citing Same-Sex Marriage, Lawmaker Bows Out of GOP Chair Search
Page 1 of 1 pages
WILL Highlights
A short film series examining the severe underrepresentation of African-Americans in the sciences.
Classic Mornings
Get more out of your classical music experience and check out Vic Di Geronimo's blog.
The 21st
21st century radio for the 21st state. Weekdays at 11 am on WILL-AM 580.


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LONDON (AP) Britain's new security chief has warned that the country's battle against terrorism could take up to 15 years, while Prime Minister Gordon Brown says he wants an expanded European system to share information on potential threats.
"I want the system that we are trying to expand between Europe — a system whereby we know who are potential terrorist suspects," Brown told Sky News television Sunday. "It is very important that we tighten this up and it is something we are looking at as a matter of urgency."
New questions arose over British security measures after authorities acknowledged no armed police were on duty at Glasgow airport June 30 when two men crashed a Jeep Cherokee laden with gas cylinders and gasoline into the main terminal of Scotland's busiest airport.
AUSTRALIA RESPONDS:Officials to share info in security upgrade
"Armed officers are only deployed to the airport when the national threat level requires it," a Strathclyde police spokesman said on condition of anonymity in line with force policy.
Britain's terrorism threat level was "severe" at the time of the attack — the second-highest level which means an attack is highly likely — and it remains at that level.
It is up to individual police forces to decide how to deal with the threat level, a Home Office spokeswoman said on condition of anonymity in line with department policy.
Most police throughout Britain do not carry firearms out of the philosophy that arming police makes criminals feel justified in carrying weapons. However, all forces have specially-trained firearms teams ready for rapid deployment.
The two men arrested following the Glasgow attack were overpowered by an unarmed officer, an off-duty policeman and members of the public. Armed police have been on duty at the airport since the attack.
Adm. Sir Alan West, the former navy chief who was recently named Brown's security minister, said the level of the threat Britain faced was unprecedented and a new approach was critical.
One of those approaches included challenges to the British psyche, he said.
"Britishness does not normally involve snitching or talking about someone," he was quoted as saying in an interview with The Sunday Telegraph. "I'm afraid, in this situation, anyone who's got any information should say something because the people we are talking about are trying to destroy our entire way of life."
He said prevention and dealing with the radicalization of young Muslims, was his top priority.
"This is not a quick thing," he said. "I believe it will take 10 to 15 years. But I think it can be done as long as we as a nation apply ourselves to it and it's done across the board."
West also said it was wrong to talk of "the Muslim community" as if they were separate from the rest of the population. He said Muslims see themselves as British and that terrorists have hurt them as well.
"I think they have severely damaged one of the world's great religions — the one they purport to support," West said.
Bilal Abdullah, a 27-year-old doctor born in Britain and raised in Iraq, appeared in court Saturday as the first suspect to face charges over a plot to bomb London's entertainment district and Glasgow's main airport.
Seven other people are in custody in connection with the attacks, but have not been charged — six in Britain and one in Australia. Most of the suspects worked for Britain's health service and come from countries in the Middle East and India.
Two cars packed with gas cylinders and nails were discovered June 29 in the busy heart of London's West End — one outside a crowded nightclub, the other near Trafalgar Square. The next day, a Jeep Cherokee smashed in flames into the security barriers at Glasgow airport.
Prosecutors suspect Abdullah and Kafeel Ahmed, believed to be the driver of the Jeep, carried out the attempted bombings in London before returning to Scotland — where Abdullah worked at a Glasgow-area hospital — and attacking the airport.
Ahmed is hospitalized in critical condition in Scotland with severe burns from the attack on the airport.
Copyright 2007 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.
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By Gary Levin, USA TODAY
Networks often brag about "stability" when they unveil new-season schedules, but ABC isn't kidding: The network plans just one scripted newcomer this fall, a remake of the BBC series Life on Mars.
And CW, programming just five nights in its third season, will add only two dramas, led by a remake of onetime Fox hit Beverly Hills, 90210.
ABC's plans were interrupted most by the three-month writers' strike. The network renewed three unproven series that have been off the air since January: Pushing Daisies, Private Practice and Dirty Sexy Money. It's adding Scrubs for an eighth season after NBC canceled the sitcom.
ABC agreed on a last-minute deal to renew Boston Legal, picked up drama Eli Stone after a spring tryout run and deep-sixed Women's Murder Club.
One new reality series, Ashton Kutcher's Opportunity Knocks, is expected this fall. But a new animated comedy, The Goode Family, won't be ready until midseason.
That left few time slots to fill, so few changes are expected. Mars, starring Jason O'Mara as a police detective transported back to 1973, is likely to nab the plum post-Grey's Anatomy slot, Thursdays at 10 ET/PT, while Legal is on the move to Mondays and Stone will get Legal's Tuesday spot when the fall schedule is unveiled today.
And CW's third-season schedule, also out today, will include 90210 (for which no pilot episode has been shot), guest-starring Jennie Garth and possibly other original cast members from Fox's former hit.
Surviving the Filthy Rich, the other new series, is a comedic drama about a tutor and her charges, spoiled twin teenagers. And Stylista, from Tyra Banks, is a new reality series to be paired with CW's top-rated America's Next Top Model.
Returning Gossip Girl and One Tree Hill are expected to remain on Mondays, with the two new dramas on Tuesdays and Top Model joined by Stylista on Wednesday. Smallville and Supernatural will stay on Thursdays, while Everybody Hates Chris and The Game are expected to move to Fridays, former home of WWE Smackdown (headed to MyNetwork), joined by a Top Model repeat. Reaper returns in midseason.
But the network has turned over its Sunday lineup to an outside studio, which will confirm its own plans later.
Guidelines: You share in the USA TODAY community, so please keep your comments smart and civil. Don't attack other readers personally, and keep your language decent. Use the "Report Abuse" button to make a difference. Read more.


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Pre-tax profits slumped to pounds 451m last year from from pounds 1.1bn in 1995/96 and analysts are pencilling in a further collapse in profits this year to between pounds 150m and pounds 200m.
Sir Brian Moffat, British Steel chairman, said that the group had already announced 2,000 job losses this year. Although he would not put a figure on redundancies for the full year, analysts believe it could be double the 1,500 shed in 1996.
At the same time, Sir Brian said British Steel was keen to expand production abroad. The company is carrying out feasibility studies into taking a majority stake in a $900m mini-mill in Indonesia and Sir Brian said the long-term aim was to increase overseas production to 25 per cent of total output.
The company has made a series of big investments in steelmaking capacity in North America in the last three years and is proceeding with investment in steel finishing facilities near Bombay in India. Sir Brian stressed that the company's overseas ambitions did not pose any threat in the medium term to its four integrated UK plants at Port Talbot and Llanwern in south Wales, and Teesside and Scunthorpe on the east coast.
But he said the efficiency drive would be stepped up to make up for the currency disadvantage and extra transport costs that British Steel suffered compared with European rivals.
He renewed his plea to the Chancellor, Gordon Brown, to raise taxes in the Budget rather than relying upon higher interest rates to quell inflation. British Steel is also looking to get better value out of its 2,000 suppliers and this year expects them to absorb inflation - meaning a price reduction in real terms.
Of the pounds 650m decline in British Steel's profits, pounds 400m was caused by weaker prices and the strength of sterling while the Avesta stainless steel business made a loss of pounds 7m compared with a profit of pounds 228m in 1995/96.
Despite an increase in British Steel's market share, both in the UK and in the rest of Europe, overall, revenues per tonne were down by 8 per cent due a combination of exchange rates and lower prices.
Investment column, page 24
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Americans have a total of $1.2 trillion in student loan debt, and the average new 2015 graduate with loans will leave college with a tab of more than $35,000. Student loans are different from many other forms of debt, with special rules and programs having to do with repayment options, loan consolidation, and even how they're treated in bankruptcy. If you're among the millions of Americans with student loan debt, here are three things that our experts want you to know.
Dan Caplinger: One of the most confusing elements of having student loan debt is how the rules about consolidating different loans work. The benefit of consolidation is that it can simplify your life by giving you a single monthly payment to make, and it can offer lower monthly payments by allowing for longer-term loans than many federal programs provide. At the same time, though, extending the life of your student loans means that you'll take longer repaying them, and you'll often pay more in total interest than you would if you repaid your loans on a timelier basis.
Yet the biggest downside of consolidating a student loan is that you can lose any benefits that your original loan offered. For instance, some lenders offer rate discounts or principal rebates if you repay your loans on time, but your consolidated-loan lender won't necessarily have the same provisions. Even worse, if you're not careful, you can lose eligibility for loan cancellation or forgiveness provisions in your original loans if you consolidate. Because those earlier loans get paid off in the consolidation process, there's no debt left to forgive in the eyes of the original lenders.
Consolidation can be smart, but you have to consider all the factors. Otherwise, you can end up making mistakes that you'll regret for a long time.
Brian Stoffel: No one likes to consider the possibility of bankruptcy. It can be emotionally trying, while creating a lasting black eye on your credit report. But the flip side is that your debts are discharged and you have a chance to start anew.
But that's not the case when it comes to student loans. Starting in 1976, loans offered by the federal government or non-profit colleges and universities had to be repaid, no matter the circumstances. This made sense, as these organizations were often loaning the money out at lower interest rates than one could find on the open market, backed by private companies.
Starting in 1984, private loans for student tuition were added to the list of non-dischargeable debts. This means that even if you file for bankruptcy, your student loan lender can have your wages garnished from your paycheck until the loan is paid off in full.
That's important for students to remember before signing on the dotted line for tens of thousands of dollars in loans.
Matt Frankel: Brian makes an excellent point that student loan debt cannot be discharged in bankruptcy, but bear in mind that it's also one of the most flexible types of debt in terms of the repayment options available.
For example, you may be able to choose a payment plan that dramatically reduces your monthly payments. If you don't earn a high income, the "Pay-As-You-Earn" plan limits your payments to just 10% of your discretionary income, and the extended and graduated repayment options could also keep your payments low.
Let's say that you have $40,000 in student loan debt at 6.8% interest. Under a standard (10-year) payment plan, you'd pay $460 per month. Pay-as-you-earn would reduce this to $270 for a borrower who earns $50,000 per year, and the "extended graduated" option would reduce the payment even further to $227.
It's worth noting, however, that these plans can result in lots of additional interest over the course of the loan. In this example, the standard repayment plan would cost about $15,200 in interest, while the extended graduated option would produce more than $50,000 over its 25-year repayment period. So, this needs to be taken into consideration before deciding on a repayment plan.
Finally, if you can't find a payment plan that meets your needs, you could apply for a deferment or forbearance. A deferment can be obtained for up to three years during times of unemployment or financial hardship, and during the deferment period, you can suspend your monthly payments entirely. Plus, if you have any subsidized loans, the government may even pick up the interest payments. If you can't qualify for a deferment, forbearance can be obtained for up to 12 months, and can postpone your payments (although interest keeps accruing) until you're in a better financial position.
While it's important to keep in mind that all of these options won't get rid of your debt any faster and can result in thousands of dollars in additional interest, the point is that there are many steps you can take if you're having trouble paying your loans back.
How one Seattle couple secured a $60K Social Security bonus -- and you can too
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August 30th, 2011 | Published by Harlo in Historic Racing Photos
What do you say chaps? Who's up for a match of Auto Polo?
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Then again, they DO have roll bars!
"Alright, who left the invisible wall out again?"
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absolutely brilliant! 🙂
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Follow me on Instagram and Facebook! @nofrillsclassroom Learn more about my teaching: http://www.chalkbeat.org/posts/ny/2016/09/16/how-i-teach-a-fourth-grade-teacher-uses-dance-parties-and-emojis-to-engage-students/ http://www.uft.org/teacher-teacher/show-it-s-ok-take-risks-make-mistakes http://www.pressreader.com/usa/new-york-post/20170319/283605285043312
I create learning experiences that prioritize engagement, high expectations and an intentional progression of standards. I reserve the frills for the learning--if it doesn't have a purpose, don't do it!
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Teacher in New York City for 10 years. Have taught K, 1, 2, 3, and 4 in order! Loved every grade, but also enjoy the challenge of a new age and new curriculum!
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Less than a week after the PSNI launched its intensive operation in the lower Falls aimed at combating
Tag Archives: Albert Street
Captured on film: Hoods ram cops
This is the moment three police officers were injured when their vehicle was rammed by hoods in Albert Street at the weekend.
Emergency meeting to tackle crime
An emergency meeting has been called involving the PSNI and local groups in a bid to clamp down on crime in the lower Falls area.
Police seek info over attack on man in the lower Falls
POLICE in Grosvenor Road are appealing for information following an assault at the junction of Servia Street and Albert Street on Wednesday, September 21


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text: The brand spanking new Melbourne art print by Nicholas Girling. After taking photos in Melbourne of different views for the last 3 months Nicholas started creating this new print. Creating the home town has always been a good challenge. Nick produced about 10 different ideas and layouts before having a moment of clarity one morning. We love the layout and the colours and it is available in 4 limited edition sizes. See the new print here.


text: Ryan stated that this would not be unprecedented. "Look to other utilities to create a LIPA bankruptcy roadmap. In 2001, Pacific Gas and Electric Company filed for bankruptcy protection after the energy crisis left it with a $9 billion debt and no viable solution to protect the ratepayer. Back in 1992, the El Paso utility in Texas filed for protection because of the debt created by the construction of a nuclear power plant. In both instances it was painful, the legal process uncertain and the markets were very unhappy, but it was the right course of action in moving past a debt that was devastating to the ratepayer" he stated.As noted, the ABLI membership comprises the largest group of electrical ratepayers on Long Island. The group says even the threat of such an action by LIPA would force elected officials to recognize that the current situation is untenable. By even asking the question, "Whose interest is paramount, the consumer or the creditor?' Long Island can begin to examine other issues such as the current policy of LIPA power plants sitting dark and idle while providing the surrounding community with tens of millions of dollars in payments in lieu of taxes (PILOTS) equals 14% of the current burden shouldered by the all ratepayers," Polimeni reminded. Ryan agreed, "We need to appreciate that no matter how many utility poles are replaced or how many trees are pruned, we are in crisis a without restructuring the Shoreham debt. And now LIPA is talking about 20% increase while Wall Street is openly hostile to privatization. It's time to break the Gordian knot tied around Long Island's neck because of the Shoreham debt." SOURCE Association for a Better Long Island, Inc.


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|:) on Oct 04, 2012 @ 04:11 pm
I find Babyliss is a really great brand for hair styling tools. But if you're looking for lower prices Conair is always a good tried, true department store brand. I LOVE their clipless Infiniti curling iron. (http://www.conairyoucurl.ca/) And it's gotten great reviews on CA.


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DCeptette: Turndown at the Lie-Barry
- The blogger at Lost City does a magnificent job chronicling the demise of the real New York City under the boot of development, and, as you might expect from a city that's slowly succumbing to massive, hedge-fund douchery, the news is typically bad. Happily though, he's got news of a development project that might be a blend of old-school cool and twenty-first century mash-up: "A low-rise hotel with a bonafied library in the basement and secret passageways to a former speakeasy. It's literary and liquored up!" [Lost City]
- Brace yourselves: "An AU Alum's Guide to Tenleytown and Environs." [Gridskipper]
- I learn something new every day: "Hockey, of course, represents a dystopian vision of Canadian global hegemony..." Uhm...okay! All the same, could somebody please explain "icing" to me? [Yglz, on FreeDarko]
- Apparently, we were never promised a rose garden. Just taxi meters. [DCist]
- We support the WGA! [United Hollywood]


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Phelisa Nkomo, Black Sash, South Africa. ILGA Panel United Nations, June 2011: The Growing Consensus, Towards the End of Criminalization and Human Rights Violations based on Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity
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September 24, 2016
We are so in love with this magenta waxed canvas but, we cannot get anymore of this fantastic fabric so, we've stitched up all that we can, made an inventory list and put them all right here. There are not many of each style..even less of some and more of others. But, these will not be restocked after they are gone so, get one while you can!
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So okay, this is way long overdue post. 3 years late to be exact. Sorry na, may energy gap lang...
Seriously, I miss blogging. Sharing my travel adventures back in the Philippines (UAE-based na po ako). I was so busy being an adult, that's why.
This trip happened 3 years ago so here's me hoping to make this post as helpful and good read as possible.
The Sinulog Grand Street Parade (Day 2)
The first day of Sinulog Festival is celebrated through the Solemn Foot Procession where devotees dance in honor of Sto. Niño. I had a fair glimpse of how many people will be going to the streets come the grand street parade set to happen the next day.
After taking our breakfast, we hurriedly strolled Osmeña street as some participants were already there. Cebu's Sinulog Grand Street Parade must probably be the country's longest parade time, it starts in the morning and ends at night! Despite the sweet smiles, I can imagine the exhaustion of the performers inside. Hats off guys! Nakakabilib!
Moving on, unlike the solemn foot procession where we contented ourselves watching from the comfort of Robinsons Mall parking space, I promised myself to experience the energy of Sinulog from the main streets. Lo and behold, it was ecstatic!


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My young friend recommended me to the person I dealt with, less than 48hrs to go to India last December 2015-january 2016. It seems dramatic but very true, this gentleman, went out of way to do a splendid job under nasty cooker pressure demand from me. Guess what I booked tickets for my whole family today, because this professional and other fellow TAs deserve for reliability, integrity, and meet and exceed my expectations… Read Full Review
Written on: 25/08/2016 by bharat1212 (1 review written)
My friend referred me for this. Agent spoke very nice and had given me good quote. i struggled for 2 to 3 days to book in online and with this agent everything completed in an hour with good price and less travel time. Definitely am going to refer this to my friends… Read Full Review
Written on: 29/07/2016 by Renosh (1 review written)
My fried refereed them to me and this was not my first time dealing with a travel agency , but the experience with Royal Air USA was totally different. I would definitely love to recommend this to my friends. They were very courteous and helpful from the very beginning. They have done a fantastic job in trying to organize my specific needs and schedule as just like it it was for themselves. Also they did advised on the time to book the ticket so that i could save some money rather than booking… Read Full Review
Written on: 28/06/2016 by Dalton49 (1 review written)
good service and i can refer easily anyone in my circle… Read Full Review
Written on: 27/06/2016 by vijeshvnathktr (1 review written)
Helped me in booking the air tickets from Raleigh, NC to Trivandrum, Kerala, India. Given me different options based on my preferences and that helped me in choosing a perfect one by considering my budget as well. Really appreciating the service and highly recommended for others. Happy to give 5 stars :)… Read Full Review
Written on: 08/05/2016 by Pulla5555 (1 review written)
He was really very helpful and the service provided by him was awesome. You just give him the travel details and forget. You will get best price when compared any other best booking sites. He understands the customer choice and prepares itinerary exactly as you think. He also gives best alternatives. I have couple of very bad experience with travel agents, but this one is exceptional. I would definitely recommend to my friends… Read Full Review
Written on: 06/02/2016
Overall experience is really good. He was very helpful in complete ticket booking process. … Read Full Review
Written on: 23/01/2016 by gbSnow146 (1 review written)
Was nice and clear service. Very prompt and easy to work. Thanks… Read Full Review
Written on: 25/11/2015 by Lexiet467 (1 review written)
He was very helpful and the service provided by him was awesome. I will definitely recommend it to my friends. Thank you for your wonderful service… Read Full Review
Written on: 07/11/2015 by McBridefs444 (1 review written)
It was a good experience, got he best deal in booking tickets to India from USA. I am happy with the service provided… Read Full Review
Written on: 05/11/2015 by Marcel99 (1 review written)
One of the best travel agents since he will provide suggestions as per the needs to the cutomer… Read Full Review
Written on: 23/09/2015 by SorenSherwood265 (1 review written)
Hello, I use to book tickets using the Royal Air USA and they have always been very helpful and tries to get the best price. I had to book my international tickets which is just a month before my travel and it was costing around $14-15 hundred dollars, however they were able to keep track of my need and ended up getting a sale ticket for $1100 within a very close date I have requested for. I would definitely recommend to my friends, in fact I did recommend to couple of my friends already… Read Full Review
Written on: 08/09/2015 by Upendrasai (1 review written)
From fast four years i am booking through Royal Air USA. I got best fares and Excellent Service. Very easy to work with and Excellent Customer Service. I never regret till now working with Royal Air USA… Read Full Review
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09 - 15/Love - Season 1 Episode 5 Reckoning
Summary : 15/love is a half an hour tv show that follows a group of young teenagers who go to a sports school. This sports school is called Cascadia Academy. Where they practice tennis in hopes of one day going professional. Here they fight their w .
Aired : 2004-10-04
Aired : 2004-10-04


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The Literacy Grants program was initiated to mobilize members and resources of Phi Kappa Phi and the higher education community to champion literacy initiatives. Grants of up to $2,500 are available to Phi Kappa Phi chapters and individual members to fund ongoing literacy projects or to create new initiatives. The Society's commitment to the cause of literacy grows out of and is consistent with its mission, which was expanded to include "…and to engage the community of scholars in service to others." Phi Kappa Phi is proud to present the 2016 Phi Kappa Phi Literacy Grant recipients:
Juvenile Detention Center Science Outreach Program
While substantial effort has been invested in STEM enrichment among K-12 students and the general public, incarcerated teens rarely have access to the benefits of STEM outreach. To foster scientific literacy and critical thought among an often vulnerable and marginalized population, the Juvenile Detention Center Science Outreach Program provides a weekly science curriculum to incarcerated teens at the Champaign County Juvenile Detention Center in Champaign County, Ill. The students, ages 10-17, meet every week for two 45 minute science-themed discussions coined "Science Mondays." The program includes discussions on college-level science topics and hands-on lab activities.
Paulina Erices and Veronique Diriker
Pennsylvania State University
Literacy Supplies for Children in Nicaraguan Impoverished Schools
Working with La Merced, a volunteer-based nonprofit organization in the U.S., members from the University of Maryland Eastern Shore and Pennsylvania State University chapters have teamed up for a truly collaborative literacy effort. In its first phase, the project will evaluate and assess the needs of teachers and administration at a K-12 school in Managua, Nicaragua. After assessment, project leaders will acquire the necessary materials to provide teachers with equipment and support to meet the children's needs. Communication with school administrators and on-site visits will take place over 24+ months to assess impact and effectiveness of intervention for continued support.
Marsha Ironsmith
East Carolina University
Increasing Reading Comprehension and Empathy Through Children's Literature
Increasing Reading Comprehension and Empathy Through Children's Literature is a project that pairs East Carolina University psychology students with elementary-aged children attending an after-school program at Building Hope Community Life Center in Greenville, N.C. The Center's goals include strengthening academic achievement and character development. As part of the project, ECU students facilitate the reading and discussion of books with characters from diverse backgrounds facing challenges familiar to the children. Discussions focus on encouraging empathy for others and are enhanced with creative writing, art, music and film projects to foster deeper comprehension.
Mary Lagnaoui
George Mason University
Bilingual Books Project
The Bilingual Books Project at George Mason Elementary School in Alexandria, Va., aims to help elementary English Learner (EL) students make connections between home and school while also encouraging an interest in developing academic vocabularies in both first and second languages. As part of the project, participating students receive bilingual picture dictionaries and picture books that have a relevant connection to their family experience. Through access to the bilingual learning materials, the important home-school connection is strengthened, the child's dual-language identity is validated and the path to bilingual literacy is encouraged.
Leah McCurdy
The University of Texas at San Antonio
To the Mountain!: Combining Multi-lingual Literacy and Cultural Heritage in Belize
To the Mountain! is a multi-lingual literacy initiative that incorporates archaeological and cultural heritage outreach in Belize, Central America. The organizers of the project wrote, illustrated and published a trilingual children's story book based on an ancient Maya archaeological site called Xunantunich, located in Cayo District, Belize. As part of the project, books are distributed to primary school children in Cayo District to empower them to engage with reading and with their Maya cultural heritage. Each child will receive a personal copy of the book to help develop strong reading skills in their official national language (English), their home language (Spanish) and the language of their past (Maya).
It Takes a Village
The It Takes a Village project uses a collaborative approach to help children in the community who are struggling to read. The project provides strategic, one-on-one tutoring to in-need readers in K-8th grades. Beginning with the 2015-16 academic year, the program has expanded from one central location to five Alamance-Burlington School System Title 1 schools and now serves approximately 300 students. The majority of students come from low income families where studies have shown that two-thirds of poverty level households have no books at home. Students, who successfully complete the seven-week tutorial session, go with their tutors to buy books that meet their reading needs and interests.
Mumbai Literacy for Girls
The Mumbai Literacy for Girls Project is a powerful initiative that strives to strengthen multi-literacies in underprivileged girls at the Sharanam Centre in Mumbai. The project's three main goals include improving English language skills, teaching digital literacy skills and strengthening innovative spirits. To achieve these goals, a facilitator (in consultation with education professionals) plans and administers a year-long curriculum that instructs and measures individual progress through a variety of activities. The project will also provide electronic and other tools to expose the girls to coding, design, presentation, storytelling, Internet safety, geospatial exploration, STEM manipulatives and similar experimentations.
Project L.E.A.D.S. (Literacy in English and ASL for Deaf Students)
Project L.E.A.D.S. is a new initiative focused on improving literacy among deaf teenagers in Kentucky. Literacy in this case refers not only to American Sign Language (ASL) and English, but also to expanding life knowledge about leadership, perseverance and post-high school opportunities. The project will provide all high school students at the Kentucky School for the Deaf with the book Steve Jobs by Walter Isaacson on DVD in ASL and in traditional print format. The book covers topics including computers and digital publishing while inspiring young adults to become leaders, take initiative and build character. The package will also include a letter of encouragement from the Morehead State University chapter.
Literacy, Book Access, and The University of Southern Mississippi: Installing 'Little Free Libraries' to Increase Developmental Reading Engagement Among Students at the Dubard School for Language Disorders
The University of Southern Mississippi chapter created an initiative to install a Little Free Library that will provide students at the Dubard School for Language Disorders with free access to books. The stocked library will be installed on the USM campus in Hattiesburg, Miss., for students at the Dubard School, which provides developmental strategies and services to children ages 3-13 diagnosed with speech/language disorders. Through use of the Little Free Library and age-appropriate, development-centered books, the project aims to provide easy access to literacy resources, foster a love of literature and enhance the visible presence of Phi Kappa Phi on the USM campus.
Books: Candy for the Mind
Since 2003, the Austin Peay State University chapter has been involved with the safe Halloween trick-or-treating program, G.H.O.S.T. (Great Halloween Options for Safe Trick-or-Treating), held on the APSU campus. The project, Books: Candy for the Mind, is an early literacy initiative that provides books instead of candy to children in the community. As part of the project, chapter members solicit new or gently used children's books and collect funds that can be used to purchase additional books. Whether the child is an avid reader or has never before owned a book, the APSU chapter aims to encourage a love of learning in the community with the gift of a book for every child.
Sacramento State Literacy Connection
The Sacramento State Literacy Connection is a collaboration of Dr. Robert Pieretti and students in the Applied Communication Sciences Lab (ACSL) in the Department of Speech Pathology and Audiology at Sacramento State. The program provides hands-on opportunities for student learning in the field of Speech-Language Pathology each semester and makes important contributions to the local Sacramento community in the area of literacy enhancement. The Literacy Connection is involved in three ongoing community-based projects, which include the Sac State Storytime Connection, regular parent training in literacy enhancement and a website dedicated to literacy.
Improving Literacy Begins with Parents
The Improving Literacy Begins with Parents Project focuses on instilling a love of literacy in children by starting with their parents. Tensas Parish is a small rural impoverished area located in northeast Louisiana in the Mississippi River delta area. Less than 25 percent of students in the parish can read on grade level when they enter the third grade. Through the project, parents with a child in grades K-2 enrolled in the Tensas Parish School System will receive at least four books to read with their child daily. The project's aim is to create a foundation for a home library, provide resources outside of the classroom, improve reading comprehension and enhance self-esteem.
Open Door Preschool Project: Bringing Books to English Language Learners
Open Door, established in 1971, serves preschool children who are English language learners from economically-challenged families. Through a service-learning partnership with The University of Texas at Arlington, children at Open Door receive individual or small-group reading aloud experiences over time. The project takes place during two semesters and includes a family literacy event where each child is given a tote bag that contains the books that were read aloud during the semester. University students participating in the project reflect upon what took place through talking and writing to complete the service-learning experience.
Copyright 2016


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As Arkady Kirsanov returns home after graduation, his father waits patiently for himexcited to see his much-loved son once again. But in returning home to a world that has remained static, Arkady and his friend Bazarov, a self-defined nihilist, find themselves wholly changed, and must now redefine old relationshipsboth their friendship with one another and their relationships with their fathersfrom new perspectives. Ivan Turgenev's brilliant novel explores generational differences and their tragic consequences.
The classic saga Fathers and Sons reveals the inescapable influence that fathers and sons have on each other's lives, and provides a realistic portrayal of the struggles of families and their ideologies in the face of social upheaval. Fathers and Sons is often regarded as the first modern novel in Russian literature, and has been adapted for the stage as Nothing Sacred, which was later made into a movie.
HarperPerennial Classics brings great works of literature to life in digital format, upholding the highest standards in ebook production and celebrating reading in all its forms. Look for more titles in the HarperPerennial Classics collection to build your digital library.
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