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Openness and Digital Learning Symposium
We are hosting a symposium on Openness, Digital Learning, and Networked Scholarship.
Please consider joining us (for free) by visiting the livestream page (http://livestream.com/royalroads/events/4446545)
November Tuesday 17th 2015, (10am- 3pm Pacific)
Organized by the School of Education and Technology & the Canada Research Chair in Innovative Learning & Technology
This symposium is intended to raise awareness about open educational resources, open pedagogy, and emerging approaches to digital learning. It provides a showcase for the work being done at Royal Roads University (RRU) and convenes open education practitioners and researchers.
In keeping with the RRU strategic mandate, this symposium builds on the work currently being done at RRU by our Canada Research Chair (CRC) in Innovative Learning and Technology and the School of Education and Technology (SET) to investigate promising innovations in educational technology. It is an opportunity to contribute back to the open community and further the developments in this area.
|10:00 – 10:05
|First Nations Welcome
|Asma-na-hi (Asma) Antoine
|10:05 – 10:15
|What makes RRU unique and a hotspot for innovation?
|Steve Grundy
|10:15 – 10:25
|Introductions and context
|George Veletsianos
|10:30– 11:00
|What can Open be: Advances at the Provincial, National & International level
|Mary Burgess
|11:05 – 11:40
|For whom, for what? Not-yetness and challenging the "stuff" of open education
|Amy Collier
Jen Ross
|11:45 – 12:55
|1:00 – 1:30
|Creative Commons: Where are we now?
|Paul Stacey
|1:35 – 2:05
|Expansive Openness: Why Reducing Cost is Not Enough for Realizing the Full Benefits of OER
|Royce Kimmons
|2:15 – 2:45
|Panel Discussion: What can Open do?
* Each panelist to weigh in on panel topic and then open to the floor for questions
|Amy Collier; Jen Ross; Royce Kimmons; Center for Teaching and Learning; RRU Library; George Veletsianos
|2:45 – 3:00
|Wrap Up
|Elizabeth Childs
* Each session, excluding the panel will consist of a 20 minute presentation followed by a 10 minute Q&A
Speaker Bios
Mary Burgess is the executive director of BCCampus which supports the work of the B.C. post-secondary system in the areas of teaching, learning and educational technology. Prior to joining BCcampus in 2012, Mary Burgess was the Director of the Centre for Teaching and Educational Technologies at Royal Roads University where she started the University's first open educational resources project. She is a career instructional designer and longtime advocate of OER.
Dr. Elizabeth Childs is an Associate Professor at Royal Roads University and the Program Head of the MA in Learning and Technology program. Her research interests include the design and implementation of flexible learning; online networked communities and, the professional development and support for learners and faculty in these emerging online learning environments.
Dr. Amy Collier is Associate Provost for Digital Learning at Middlebury College. She provides leadership in creating and sustaining a global learning community at Middlebury through the effective use of digital pedagogies and technologies. Amy studies how digital environments can foster emergence in teaching and learning.
Dr. Steve Grundy is vice-president academic and provost at Royal Roads University. He is responsible for the overall academic direction and quality of the university's academic programs. He is particularly interested in the directions of post-secondary education, the evolution and development of online learning and new models of university governance and leadership.
Dr. Royce Kimmons is an Assistant Professor of Instructional Psychology and Technology at Brigham Young University where he studies technology integration in K-12/higher education, emergent technologies, open education, and social networks. He received his PhD from The University of Texas at Austin and formerly served as the Director of the Doceo Center for Innovation + Learning at the University of Idaho.
Dr Jen Ross is co-director of the Digital Education group at the University of Edinburgh, teacher and former programme director on the MSc in Digital Education, and co-creator of the E-learning and Digital Cultures MOOC and the manifesto for teaching online. Her research interests include online distance education, MOOCs, digital futures, reflective practices, and museum and gallery learning and engagement.
Paul Stacey is Associate Director of Global Learning at Creative Commons. Paul's core expertise is in adult learning, educational technology, and open education. Prior to joining Creative Commons, Paul led Open Educational Resource (OER) and professional development initiatives across all the colleges and universities in British Columbia Canada
Dr. George Veletsianos holds a Canada Research Chair in Innovative Learning and Technology and is an Associate Professor at Royal Roads University. He has dedicated his research to understanding the practices and experiences of learners, educators, and scholars in emerging online settings such as online social networks and digital environments.
Crafting a research agenda
One of my favorite aspects of my work is mentoring. I get to do this work in many contexts, but last week at AECT 2015 I gave the following presentation at the NSF early career symposium, and had a lovely conversation with colleagues on research agendas, career trajectories, and institutional expectations.
Making sense of the Digital Learning Research Network gathering (#dLRN15)
I was at a small gathering last week, called the Digital Learning Research Network. It was hosted at Stanford and it aimed to explore the messiness of digital learning. This was not representative of Silicon Valley's uncritical love affair with technology. Many colleagues wrote reflections about it: Catherine Cronin, Kristen Eshleman, Josh Kim, Jonathan Rees, Tim Klapdor, Alyson Indrunas, Adam Croom, Whitney Kilgore, Matt Crosslin, Laura Gogia, Patrice Torcivia, and Lee Skallerup Bessette (to name a few). When was the last time you were at a small conference, other than the ones focusing on blogging, and this many people took time after the event to blog about it?
The messiness of digital learning isn't a new development. It is something that educational technology evangelists ignore, but as a researcher who has an affinity for qualitative data, and as one who is increasingly using data mining techniques on open social data, I can tell you that mess is the norm and not the exception. I'm not the only one.
For me, the conference questioned educational technology but looked to it for empowerment. It critiqued universities but saw them as places to create a more just and equitable society. It brought attention to the US-centric conversations happening in this space, but recognized that we can learn from one another. It sought research, but did not seek to emulate research-focused conferences. It allowed Dave to share his thoughts but called him out on it when it was time to stop. ;)
I see the conference as the start of a longer and larger conversation. Many of us are doing research in this space and many were missing. Let's expand the conversation.
Game design for education webinar
We (the AECT Research and Theory Division) are hosting a free webinar focusing on game design for education. Please join us!
Presenter: Dr. Kurt Squire, associate professor at the University of Wisconsin–Madison, and Director of the Games, Learning & Society Initiative.
Date: Thursday, October 8, 2015
Time: 1 pm CDT
Registration Link: https://cc.readytalk.com/r/
Crumpled Paper Mario Wallpaper by Tiger Pixel – CC-lcensed


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Corporate team building
Corporate team building events and fun activities.
We have a wide selection of events on offer. Whatever your group size or budget our expert team will put together a bespoke package to meet your needs in alocation close to you.Team building events & activities...
Team Building Training, Team Building-Fun-adventure-Bush school-Team Building Activities, Initiative Games & Problem Solving Exercises-Initiatives-Free team building games ideas and tips for business exercises, games, activities for team building, training, management, motivation, kids activities,

subset: commoncrawl


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The Art room invites every child to freely explore and develop artistic and fundamental strategies. Students learn how to manipulate the Elements and Principles of Art in order to make their own art. They use different techniques and materials to make and understand how art is created.
It is my job as their instructor to see that they are nurtured and cared for while in the Art room. My goals for them are to experience as many art styles, art history, and art movements as possible during the year. I hope to bring the artist out of every one of my students. Let's Go Mustangs!
Class Schedule
7:50 - 8:30 Conference
8:30 - 9:25 Kindergarten9:25 - 10:20 1st Grade
10:20 - 11:15 3rd Grade
11:15 - 12:10 4th Grade
12:10 - 12:30 Lunch
12:30 - 1:00 Cafeteria Duty
1:00 - 1:55 5th Grade
2:00 - 2:55 2nd Grade
2:55 - 3:15 Conference
3:15 - 3:30 Afternoon Duty
Image courtesy of: http://www.grsites.com/faq/#q10
Clipart courtesy of: http://all-free-download.com/free-vector/download/vector_drawing_tools_supplies_162111.html
Last Modified on September 10, 2016


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File sharing with MLDonkey and KMLDonkey
The multi-network MLDonkey client gives users access to all the major file sharing networks. We'll show you how to set up MLDonkey and how you can control the MLDonkey client with a KDE front end called KMLDonkey.
Peer-to-peer file-sharing is one of the most controversial applications of our times. Users who put their complete CD collections on their hard disks, and invite other users to download them, have drawn the scrutiny of the music and movie industries. But when file sharing is used legally, it is an excellent way of making files available without the need for purchasing remote web space. Some of the more prominent examples of file sharing networks are Morpheus, Gnutella, BitTorrent, and Donkey/eMule. Recent clients that can handle multiple peer-to-peer networks and give users more intuitive access. One such client is MLDonkey.
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Red Hat Announces OpenShift.io
Red Hat takes its IDE online.
Microsoft Bakes Linux into Windows Server
Microsoft is slowly becoming a Linux vendor.
Fearless Coyote, Linux Kernel 4.11 is Out
The new kernel makes swap implementation more scalable, which will help cloud providers.
Docker Appoints Steve Singh CEO
The new CEO comes from a very strong SaaS background.
Docker Announces Linux Kit and Moby Project
Both projects help organizations build their own containerized systems.
Ubuntu Returns to Gnome as Its Mobile Plans Shatter
Mark Shuttleworth has resumed the position of CEO of Canonical.
Microsoft is Shutting Down CodePlex
Microsoft's open source code hosting platform CodePlex will come to an end after a more than 10-year stint.
Fedora 26 Alpha Released
Comes with Gnome 3.24
Old Linux Kernel Bug Discovered
The bug was introduced back in 2009 and has been lurking around all this time.
OpenSSH 7.5 Released
The new release deprecates the sshd_config UsePrivilegeSeparation option.


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My Adobe Flash paranoia isn't completely un-founded it would seem: http://www.theregister.co.uk/2007/12/21/flash_vulnerability_menace/
The Flash monoculture seriously concerns me . . . I'm surprised we haven't seen more active exploitation using Flash. I guess it will happen eventually.
Google Orkut worm: http://blogs.zdnet.com/security/?p=767
Hi5 social networking site worm planned: http://sirdarckcat.blogspot.com/2007/12/making-social-network-xss-worm-hi5com.html
The HP patches for their bundled software should be a huge warning to ALL OEMs who add "stuff" to Windows . . . my in-laws bought a new HP notebook over the Christmas holiday and the first thing I did was to format the drive and install Vista from a DVD for them to decrapify the OS and make it more resistant to attack. Not only does it run faster now – it's a lot more secure due to the reduced attack surface.
What sucks is I did add the Quick Launch app back so that their fancy new touch sensitive buttons for volume and stuff would work – so I guess I'll have to patch that for them now (and make sure they've got the latest Flash) (I didn't install the HP Software Update app so I guess I don't need to patch that).
What really sucked about the ordeal though was that even though Vista had the Webcam drivers built-in – the webcam wouldn't work on 64bit Vista with Live Messenger or the Windows Media Encoder 9 series . . . I'd get some device error when it would try to start the Webcam. So I decided to start an IM support session with some HP person to ask what was up. They promptly informed me that the retail version of Vista that I installed wasn't supported on the notebook since it was "different" from the image they shipped on the notebook. They would only talk to me if I restored the notebook using the DVDs I made of the original image. Whatever . . . I eventually managed to get the Webcam working by installing some massive 150MB multimedia application I remembered seeing on the notebook before I formatted it. 🙂 I found a download link to it on the HP web site and it turns out it's a 3rd party multimedia app from CyberLink called 'Quick Play' (I believe – memory is a bit fuzzy after New Years). After installing that the WebCam now works in Messenger.
FYI – If you own an HP machine you can subscribe to their security bulletins using these instructions:
Subscribe: To initiate a subscription to receive future HP Security Bulletins via Email:
On the web page: ITRC security bulletins and patch sign-up
Under Step1: your ITRC security bulletins and patches
– check ALL categories for which alerts are required and continue.
Under Step2: your ITRC operating systems
– verify your operating system selections are checked and save.
Finally – my team got Slashdot'd while I was out of the office on vacation: http://it.slashdot.org/it/07/12/28/018226.shtml, and http://blogs.cnet.com/8301-13505_1-9838072-16.html?part=rss&subj=news&tag=2547-1_3-0-20
That like . . . almost never happens. 🙂 I'll see if I can maybe think of something cool to blog there . . .


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Filter Results:
- Full text PDF available (5)
Publication Year
Publication Type
Publication Venue
Data Set Used
Key Phrases
Learn More
BACKGROUND The human gastrointestinal tract is inhabited by a very diverse symbiotic microbiota, the composition of which depends on host genetics and the environment. Several studies suggested that the host genetics may influence the composition of gut microbiota but no genes involved in host control were proposed. We investigated the effects of the wild… (More)
- Gayane P. Manukyan, Karine A. Ghazaryan, +5 authors Rustam I. Aminov
- PloS one
- 2008
BACKGROUND Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is an autoinflammatory condition, which is characterized by acute, self-limiting episodes of fever and serositis and chronic subclinical inflammation in remission. Here we investigated the consequence of this condition on the level of systemic antibodies directed towards common intestinal bacteria. … (More)
- Zhanna A. Ktsoyan, Natalia V. Beloborodova, +10 authors Rustam I. Aminov
- Front. Microbio.
- 2010
The human gastrointestinal tract is inhabited by a diverse and dense symbiotic microbiota, the composition of which is the result of host-microbe co-evolution and co-adaptation. This tight integration creates intense cross-talk and signaling between the host and microbiota at the cellular and metabolic levels. In many genetic or infectious diseases the… (More)
- Zhanna A. Ktsoyan, Natalia V. Beloborodova, +9 authors Rustam I. Aminov
- Front. Cell. Inf. Microbio.
- 2013
In our previous works we established that in an autoinflammatory condition, familial Mediterranean fever (FMF), the gut microbial diversity is specifically restructured, which also results in the altered profiles of microbial long chain fatty acids (LCFAs) present in the systemic metabolome. The mainstream management of the disease is based on oral… (More)
- Zhanna Ktsoyan, Karine Ghazaryan, +8 authors Rustam Aminov
- International journal of bacteriology
- 2013
The main purpose of this study was to investigate the profile of inflammatory response in patients with acute salmonellosis caused by two serotypes of Salmonella enterica, S. Enteritidis and S. Typhimurium, as well as in convalescent patients with previous acute disease caused by S. Enteritidis. Patients with acute disease showed significantly elevated… (More)
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Henann Lagoon Resort, Boracay Island
- Free WiFi
Main amenities
- 222 guestrooms
- Near the beach
- Restaurant and swim-up bar
- Full-service spa
- Outdoor pool
- Breakfast available
- Free shuttle
- Fitness center
- Beach umbrellas
- Business center
- Airport shuttle
- Childcare
Feel at home
- Cribs/infant beds (surcharge)
- Babysitting or childcare (surcharge)
- Rollaway/extra beds (surcharge)
- Refrigerator
- Private bathroom
- Premium TV channels
What's around
- In Balabag
- Boat Station 2 (0.3 mi / 0.4 km)
- Boat Station 3 (0.6 mi / 1 km)
- Boat Station 1 (0.9 mi / 1.5 km)
- Balinghai Beach (2.5 mi / 4 km)
- Talipapa Market (0.2 mi / 0.3 km)
Henann Lagoon Resort, Boracay Islandfrom €116
- Deluxe Room (Breakfast For 2 Only)
- Deluxe Room (Holiday)
- Suite, Pool Access ( Breakfast For 2 Only)
- Grand Room, Pool Access ( Breakfast For 2 Only)
- Suite with Plunge Pool (Breakfast for 2 only)
- Suite, 1 King Bed ( Breakfast For 2 Only)
- Premier Room ( Breakfast For 2 Only)
- Family Room ( Breakfast For 2 Only)
- Grand Room ( Breakfast For 2 Only)
- Premier Room, Pool Access ( Breakfast For 2 Only)
- Premier Room (Holiday)
- Premier Room, Pool Access (Holiday)
- Executive Suite (Breakfast for 2 only)
More great choices
At a glance
Key facts
Hotel size
- This hotel has 222 rooms
- This hotel is arranged over 4 floors
- 24-hour check-in
- Check-out time is noon
Required at check in
- Credit card or cash deposit required
- Government-issued photo ID required
Travelling with others
- Babysitting/childcare *
- No pets or service animals allowed
- Free WiFi in public areas
- Free WiFi in rooms
- Airport shuttle (available 24 hours) *
- No parking
- Free beach shuttle
- Area shuttle *
- Shopping center shuttle *
Nearby Five Star Boracay Island hotels
In the hotel
- Buffet breakfast daily (surcharge)
- Restaurant
- Swim-up bar
- Room service (during limited hours)
- Free beach shuttle
- Beach sun loungers
- Outdoor pool
- Swim-up bar
- Fitness facilities
- Full-service spa
- Spa treatment room(s)
- Kayaking nearby
- Parasailing nearby
- Sailing nearby
- Scuba diving nearby
- Snorkeling nearby
- Surfing/boogie boarding nearby
- Windsurfing nearby
- Beach umbrellas
- Beach towels
- Business center
- Conference space
- 24-hour front desk
- Concierge services
- Dry cleaning/laundry service
- Free newspapers in lobby
- Luggage storage
- Wedding services
- Multilingual staff
- Number of buildings/towers - 2
- Elevator/lift
- Safe-deposit box at front desk
- Accessible bathroom
In the room
- Air conditioning
- Coffee/tea maker
- Balcony
- Private bathroom
- Shower only
- Bidet
- Free toiletries
- Hair dryer
- Premium TV channels
- Free WiFi
- Phone
- Refrigerator
- Free bottled water
- Daily housekeeping
- In-room safe
Top Boracay Island hotels
Recently reviewed hotels in Boracay Island
- Amigos Beach Resort BoracayFrom
"my stay was very comfortable.staff where great they answered any need i had.room was comfortable.everything was safe had no problem with sercuity.and less then 5 mins to beach.at…"Jan 23, 2017
- Karuna & VillasFrom
"Beautiful villas in a beautiful location on a beautiful island however the staff are not good On arrival I was presented with a laminated sheet telling me what I could and could…"Aug 17, 2016
- Mecasa HotelFrom
"Great little hotel quiet at night and short walk to the beaches Staff friendly and helpful Great value also would definately stay there again"Mar 19, 2016
- Boracay Summer PalaceFrom
"Great hotel & service, but if you come to Boracay - consider beachfront (although this hotel is about 2 minutes walk to the beach...)."Mar 15, 2016
Nearby hotels
Recommended hotels
Special features
Kai Regency Spa has massage/treatment rooms and couples treatment room(s). Services include massages, facials, body wraps, and body scrubs. The spa is equipped with a spa tub.
DiningLagoon Cafe - This restaurant serves breakfast, lunch, and dinner.
Lagoon Pool Bar - This poolside cocktail bar serves light fare only.
On Site
- Fitness facilities
- Kayaking nearby
- Parasailing nearby
- Sailing nearby
- Scuba diving nearby
- Snorkeling nearby
- Surfing/boogie boarding nearby
- Windsurfing nearby
Henann Lagoon Resort, Boracay Island's small print
Also known as
- Regency Lagoon
- Regency Lagoon Boracay Island
- Regency Lagoon Resort
- Regency Lagoon Resort Boracay Island
- Henann Lagoon Resort Boracay Island
- Henann Lagoon Resort
- Henann Lagoon Boracay Island
- Henann Lagoon
For transfers, guests must contact the property 48 hours prior to arrival at the number on the booking confirmation.
Mandatory fees
Deposit: PHP 2000 per stay
The charges below are included in the total price displayed:
- Gala dinner fee
- New Year's Eve gala dinner fee for stays on 31 December
Optional extras
Rollaway beds are available for PHP 1400 per day
Buffet breakfast is offered for an extra charge of PHP 488 for adults and PHP 244 for children (approximately)
Cribs/Infant beds are available for PHP 350 per night
Babysitting/childcare is available for an extra charge
Airport shuttle service is offered for an extra charge of PHP 1725 per person (roundtrip)
Area shuttle and shopping center shuttle service is offered for an extra charge
We have included all charges provided to us by this hotel. However, charges can vary, for example, based on length of stay or the room you book.
Recent reviews
Excellent 4.3 /5 from 537 reviews
Nice hotel, great pool, good breakfast, 5 minutes from beach
Good location. Great and friendly service.
We had two rooms and both were amazing. This is the second time staying at a Henann resort in Boracay and it is always a great experience. The service is always great too.
Love the hotel! Great breakfast buffet. Friendly and accommodating staff, most especially to Michelle @ front desk.
We always enjoy our stay at Henann Lagoon Boracay that is why we keep on coming back at this hotel. We celebrated our son's birthday last weekend and they prepared a little surprise cake for him when we arrived. Thank you Trisha (receptionist) for the beautiful arrangement. The staff at the VIP Lounge (Marjorie, Rhona and Trisha) were super accommodating and they were quite alert in refilling our glasses with our preferred drinks. The housekeeping staff were very good at keeping our room clean everyday. It's always been a pleasure staying at Henann Lagoon.
Is the description of this hotel not correct? Tell us


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Iftah Ya Simsim: Episode 017
31,561pages onAdd New Page
this wiki
this wiki
Segments (incomplete)
- Animation about a bus stop.
- Cookie Monster uses Ernie's phone. (4-part sketch)
- A film about how rugs are made.
- Cartoon: People rides the bus.
- Cartoon: A boy and a dog became good friends.
- A film about a jungle and its environment.
- Cartoon: A cat chases a bird, but was stopped by a lion.
- Cartoon: A mother hen hatches nine dragons.
- A film about men on their horses.
- Kermit's Lectures: Kermit talks about walls.
- A film about a trip inside the wax museum.
- Animation: Claymation about a man telling a child about the many occupations he had.
- A film about orangutans.
- Juanita helps some Anything Muppet kids (including Farley) make music.
- Animation about how a rug is designed.


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Nationwide survey on current treatments for IgA nephropathy in Japan
- First Online:
- Received:
- Accepted:
DOI: 10.1007/s10157-013-0779-7
- Cite this article as:
- Matsuzaki, K., Suzuki, Y., Nakata, J. et al. Clin Exp Nephrol (2013) 17: 827. doi:10.1007/s10157-013-0779-7
- Citations
- 1.6k Downloads
A wide variety of treatments, including tonsillectomy and steroid pulse therapy (TSP), are performed for the various stages of IgA nephropathy (IgAN) in Japan. However, the current status of treatments for IgAN patients in Japan is still unclear. The objective of the present study was to investigate the current status of treatments for IgAN patients.
A nationwide survey was conducted in 2008 by sending questionnaires to the 1,194 teaching hospitals of the Japanese Society of Nephrology (JSN) via Progressive Renal Diseases Research, Research on intractable disease, from the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan.
Among the total 376 hospitals (31.4 %) that responded, 188 hospitals (66.2 % in the internal medicine departments) performed TSP, out of which 137 hospitals (61.4 %) had begun to perform TSP in the period from 2004 to 2008. The following two major steroid pulse protocols in TSP were used: (1) three cycles over 3 consecutive weeks and (2) three cycles every 2 months. Approximately 68 % of pediatric hospitals (68 hospitals) performed combination therapy with prednisolone, azathioprine, heparin-warfarin and dipyridamole. The clinical remission rates for hematuria and proteinuria after TSP tended to be higher than those following other corticosteroid therapies. Almost all hospitals prescribed antiplatelet agents and renin angiotensin system inhibitor (RAS-I).
In addition to popular treatments such as antiplatelet agents and RAS-I, TSP is becoming a standard treatment for adult IgAN patients in Japan.
KeywordsIgA nephropathy Nationwide survey Questionnaire survey Tonsillectomy and steroid pulse therapy
IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common primary chronic glomerulonephritis in the world, and is recognized as one of the major causes of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]. Although IgAN was initially believed to represent a benign condition, recent studies [6] have shown that 30–40 % of patients progress to ESKD within 10–25 years from its apparent onset. Therefore, treatment strategies to decrease the risk of IgAN progressing to ESKD would have substantial health benefits [7]. However, disease-specific therapy for IgAN patients has not been established because the pathogenesis of IgAN is still a matter of debate.
As annual check-ups including urinalysis are well established in Japan, patients in various stages of IgAN can be managed and are provided a wide variety of treatments. Oral corticosteroid, steroid pulse therapy, tonsillectomy and steroid pulse therapy (TSP), antihypertensive agents, immunosuppressants, antiplatelet agents and anticoagulants are listed in the regional guidelines of Japan [8].
Corticosteroid therapy is now a popular treatment for IgAN patients after being first reported by Kobayashi [9]. Although the clinical value of intravenous steroid pulse therapy was demonstrated by Pozzi et al [10], no consensus exists for the corticosteroid dose and administration route (oral or intravenous infusion). TSP has recently become a popular standard treatment in Japan. However, the current status of IgAN treatment in Japan is still unclear because no nationwide study has been conducted. Thus, we conducted a nationwide survey using a questionnaire through the Progressive Renal Diseases Research, Research on intractable disease, from the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan.
A total of 376 hospitals (31.4 %) (Internal Medicine 284; Pediatrics 92) responded. The mean number of beds in these hospitals was 581.
Tonsillectomy and steroid pulse therapy (TSP)
Steroid pulse therapy without tonsillectomy
Number of hospitals for each treatment
Total (%) n = 376
Internal medicine (%) n = 284
Pediatrics (%) n = 92
223 (59.3)
188 (66.2)
35 (38.0)
Steroid pulse monotherapy
192 (51.1)
159 (56.0)
33 (35.9)
Oral corticosteroid monotherapya
184 (48.9)
156 (54.9)
28 (30.4)
Antiplatelet agents
351 (93.4)
275 (96.8)
76 (82.6)
371 (98.7)
283 (99.6)
88 (95.7)
Routine examinations, concomitant drugs, and adverse effects for each treatment
Routine examination (hospitals, %)
Concomitant drugs (hospitals, %)
Adverse effects (hospitals, %)
General blood examination (221, 99.1),
Blood pressure (202, 90.6),
Ophthalmologic examination (108, 48.4),
Bone densitometry (107, 48.0),
Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy (40, 17.9),
Bone metabolism maker (20, 9.0)
H2 blocker or proton-pump inhibitor (207, 92.8),
Antiplatelet agent (157, 70.4),
Vitamin D3 (91, 40.8),
Vitamin K2 (15, 6.7)
Steroid-induced diabetes (32, 14.3),
Steroid-induced psychosis (17, 7.6),
Moon face (12, 5.4), Steroid osteoporosis (6, 2.7),
Postoperative pain (6, 2.7),
Bleeding (5, 2.2), Loss of taste (3, 1.3)
Steroid pulse monotherapy
General blood examination (147, 76.6),
Blood pressure (135, 70.3),
Ophthalmologic examination (75, 39.0),
Bone densitometry (74, 38.5),
Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy (28, 14.6),
Bone metabolism maker (16, 8.3)
H2 blocker or proton-pump inhibitor (137, 71.4),
Antiplatelet agent (22, 11.5),
Vitamin K2 (13, 6.8)
Steroid-induced diabetes (13, 6.8),
Steroid-induced cataract (7, 3.6),
Pneumonia (5, 2.6),
Moon face (4, 2.1),
Central obesity (4, 2.1)
Oral corticosteroid monotherapy*
General blood examination (128, 69.6),
Blood pressure (116, 63.0),
Bone densitometry (56, 30.4),
Ophthalmologic examination (55, 29.9),
Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy (20, 10.9),
Bone metabolism maker (15, 8.2)
H2 blockers or proton-pump inhibitors (111,
60.3), bisphosphonates (74, 40.2), Vitamin D3 (56, 30.4),
Antiplatelet agents (26, 14.1),
Vitamin K2 (9, 4.9)
Steroid-induced diabetes (11, 6.0),
Steroid-induced cataract (5, 2.7),
Steroid-induced psychosis (4, 2.1),
Moon face (3, 1.6),
Steroid-induced osteoporosis (3, 1.6)
Oral corticosteroid monotherapy (including combination therapy)
A total of 184 hospitals (48.9 %) performed oral corticosteroid monotherapy (Table 2). Most of the hospitals (149, 81.0 %) performed this therapy for less than 10 patients annually, and only 10 hospitals performed it for more than 11 patients. The most frequent initial dose in the internal medicine and pediatric departments was 21–40 and 1–2 mg/kg/day, respectively. The most frequent duration of medication was 24 months (54 hospitals, 28.7 %), and the duration of medication varied in each hospital. Seventy-four hospitals (40.2 %) had tapering criteria, and 68 hospitals (68.5 % in pediatric hospitals) provided a combination therapy of prednisolone, azathioprine, heparin-warfarin and dipyridamole. The most cited indication for this therapy was the proteinuria grade (140 hospitals; 76.1 %). Other indications included histological findings (129 hospitals, 70.1 %), disease activity (93 hospitals, 50.5 %), hematuria grade (31 hospitals, 16.8 %) and duration from onset (19 hospitals, 10.3 %). The most frequent clinical remission rate of hematuria was 40–60 % (Fig. 2), and that of proteinuria was 0–20 % (Fig. 3). Table 3 shows the routine examinations performed before oral corticosteroid monotherapy, concomitant drugs and adverse effects.
Antiplatelet agents
Renin-angiotensin system inhibitor (RAS-I)
A wide variety of treatments for IgAN exist in Japan because various stages of disease can be observed and managed. The current treatment situation has been unclear until now because no nationwide study has been conducted regarding IgAN treatment. The present study assessed the precise situation of treatment for IgAN in Japan.
TSP was first reported by Hotta et al. [11] in 2001. Many clinical studies on TSP have been reported from Japan since 2001 [12, 13, 14]. Miura et al. conducted a multicenter retrospective cohort study, and reported that TSP was effective for patients with early-stage IgAN if performed within 5 years of onset and for those who have daily proteinuria <1.1 g and serum creatinine <1.5 mg/dl [15]. However, the details of TSP (protocols, indication, clinical remission rate, etc.) varied in each report, and the current TSP situation was thus unclear. Our results show that almost 70 % of internal medicine hospitals performed TSP. Almost 40 % of hospitals always added combined steroid pulse therapy with tonsillectomy. Moreover, almost 60 % hospitals began TSP in the period between 2004 and 2008 (Fig. 1), indicating that TSP spread through Japan quickly and has become the major therapeutic approach for IgAN in the last decade. We also observed that the clinical remission rates for both hematuria and proteinuria following TSP tended to be higher than those resulting from steroid pulse without tonsillectomy or oral corticosteroid monotherapy (Figs. 2, 3). This may be one of the main reasons for the quick spread of this therapy in Japan. In previous reports, TSP protocols have varied. In particular, the number of steroid pulses given during TSP varied in each report [11, 12, 13]. Our results showed that there are two major protocols for TSP in Japan. One is a protocol in which the steroid pulses are administrated three times, with a steroid pulse every week, on the basis of the original report by Hotta et al. [11]. Another is in which steroid pulses are administrated three times every 2 months, based on previous report by Pozzi et al. [10]. We did not find a clear difference in clinical efficacy between two methods.
The Japanese Pediatric IgA Nephropathy Treatment Study Group advocated combination therapy for childhood IgAN in their 2008 guideline [16]. A number of studies by Japanese groups [17, 18, 19] have reported beneficial outcomes in childhood IgAN using the combination therapy with prednisolone, azathioprine, heparin-warfarin and dipyridamole. The rationale for this treatment is as follows; (1) corticosteroids and immunosuppressive agents reduce serum IgA production and minimize the abnormal immune response and inflammatory events following glomerular IgA deposition, and (2) heparin-warfarin and dipyridamole are used to inhibit the mediators of glomerular damage [17]. Our results demonstrated that 68 hospitals (68.5 % of pediatric hospitals) performed the combination therapy, suggesting that combination therapy is a standard therapy for pediatric IgAN in Japan. Pozzi et al. [20] recently demonstrated that clinical outcomes in adults are not different between treatment with corticosteroids alone and corticosteroids with oral azathioprine. In contrast, Kamei et al. [21] reported that the combination therapy improves the long-term outcome in childhood IgAN. Because these two studies enrolled different populations, this difference may provide a clue of the indications for this treatment.
A recent meta-analysis showed that the use of corticosteroids IgAN patients is associated with a significant decrease in the risk of ESKD and urinary protein excretion [22]. Although the practice pattern (with or without tonsillectomy, immunosuppressants, etc) was not standardized, almost 70 % hospitals were found to perform corticosteroid therapy. Consequently, one can conclude that corticosteroid therapy has become standard in Japan. In particular, TSP and combination therapy are popular in internal medicine and pediatric departments, respectively.
Intraglomerular coagulation, either through local activation of blood coagulation or impaired removal by the fibrinolytic system, has been proposed as one of the factors causing glomerular injury in IgAN [23]. Previous studies including meta-analysis [24, 25, 26, 27] reported beneficial effects of anti-platelet agents for IgAN. Therefore, antiplatelet agents are listed in the Japanese regional guidelines [8]. In fact, the national health insurance covers dipyridamole for glomerulonephritis and dilazep hydrochloride for IgAN. On the contrary, Fleoge et al. [28] did not recommend using antiplatelet agents in patients with IgAN because most studies on antiplatelet agents are often combined with immunosuppressants and were retrospective and nonrandomized. Moreover, the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Clinical Practice Guideline for Glomerulonephritis concluded that there is no benefit for antiplatelet agents alone because patients received other concomitant therapies in Japanese studies [29]. Our results suggest that almost all Japanese hospitals (351, 93.4 %) prescribed antiplatelet agents for IgAN. It is thought that Japanese nephrologists prescribe these drugs based on previous studies and for compliance with regional guidelines. In future, we need to confirm the effects of antiplatelet agents in a large cohort study from Japan.
RAS-I is effective for glomerular hypertension, podocyte injury and tubulointerstitial injury, and thus is prescribed for glomerulonephritis. Amelioration of glomerular injury and fibrosis by ARB has been demonstrated in animal models of IgAN [30]. Because several studies, including randomized controlled trials [31, 32, 33], have reported the effectiveness of RAS-I for IgAN, recent guidelines [29] recommend this therapy for IgAN. Tomino et al. [34] and Moriyama et al. [35] reported the beneficial effects of IgAN in Japan. Furthermore, our results revealed that almost all hospitals (371, 98.7 %) prescribed RAS-I for IgAN, indicating that RAS-I is a popular treatment in Japan. The combination of ACE-I and ARB has antiproteinuric effects greater than monotherapy in normotensive IgAN [36]. The present study revealed that 218 hospitals (58.8 %) prescribed ACE-I and ARB concurrently. The indications for concurrent use are proteinuria and blood pressure, suggesting that they aim to renoprotect through antiproteinuric effects.
Our study has several limitations. First, there was a possibility of selection bias. The response rate was only 31.4 % of 1,194 hospitals. Those hospitals tended to be large hospitals; thus, our results could not reflect the treatments in small hospitals and clinics. Second, a possibility for measurement bias regarding clinical efficacy existed. Because we did not strictly define "clinical remission" in this study, treatment efficacy depended on the judgment of each hospital. Third, the questionnaire asked about all treatments in each hospital; thus, we could not analyze and estimate the priority of the treatments. Fourth, the questionnaire surveyed all IgAN stages, but it is well known that IgAN has a heterogeneous disease course; therefore, treatments may depend on stage. In future, we need to conduct an investigation of the treatments for each stage of IgAN.
In conclusion, corticosteroid therapy, along with antiplatelet agents and RAS-I therapy, has become a standard treatment for IgAN in Japan. Although we observed that the corticosteroid therapy protocol varied, TSP is becoming a standard treatment, at least for adult IgAN. Further studies are required to compare the efficacy of each treatment and to determine the standard therapy for each stage of IgAN.
We thank the fellows of the Japanese Society of Nephrology who responded to our questionnaire. This study was supported by a grant in a part by Grants-in Aid for Progressive Renal Diseases Research, and Clinical Research of Secondary Screening of Hematuria by Novel Noninvasive Biomarker for IgA nephropathy, Research on intractable disease, from the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan.
Conflict of interest
The authors have declared that no Conflict of interest exists.
Copyright information
Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits any use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and the source are credited.


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See those little poppies off to the left? They started popping up all over today in my normal web crawling, and they were so pretty I just had to have some of my own! It's part of their new Poppy collection promotion.
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Fear of Lawsuits Affects Emergency Physicians' Heart Care Decisions
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Heart Care
Emergency physicians who have the greatest fear of malpractice suits are more likely than their colleagues to admit and order tests for patients with chest pain or other heart symptoms, even if those patients are at low risk for actual problems, according to a study led by a University of Iowa researcher.
These findings were based on surveys of 33 emergency doctors who participated in a prospective study of 1,134 patients at two teaching hospitals. The results appear in the July 13 online issue of the Annals of Emergency Medicine.
Nearly seven million Americans seek emergency care for heart-related symptoms each year, and nearly half of these individuals are hospitalized or admitted for further evaluation. However, most of these patients are subsequently shown not to have acute coronary syndromes such as unstable angina or heart attack.
Given the vast number of patients involved, these findings have implications for understanding how the practice of "defensive medicine" may increase the cost of health care, said the study's lead investigator, David Katz, M.D., associate professor of internal medicine in the UI Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine.
"The fear of malpractice accounts for a significant portion of the variability in what doctors do in the emergency room," said Katz, who also is a staff physician and researcher with the Department of Veterans Affairs Iowa City Health Care System.
Katz said the UI-led study was unique in focusing on a single clinical scenario and in examining documented physicians' decisions, instead of just asking physicians to report how concern over lawsuits affects what they do.
Through a survey of the emergency physicians, the researchers used a "malpractice fear scale" to rank the doctors into high, medium and low-fear groups. Then, by analyzing patient records, the team determined that physicians with the greatest fear of malpractice were less likely to discharge low-risk patients compared with physicians with low malpractice fear. Instead, these high-fear doctors were more likely to admit low-risk patients and to order chest X-rays and troponin tests, which can measure heart damage.
"In isolation, plain chest X-rays at $150 and troponin at $44 are relatively inexpensive health care costs, but the volume of patients getting them really raises the overall price tag," Katz said. "However, the greatest cost is the cost of admission, which can be as high as $1,200 per patient for a brief hospitalization.
"Emergency physicians must see all patients, regardless of how risky a patient's case may be. One way physicians may respond to this is by seeking consultations and admitting patients they are uncertain about," Katz added.
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Pharmacological, antioxidant, genotoxic studies and modulation of rat splenocyte functions by
Basic research
Aqueous, ethyl acetate, methanol and TOF-enriched extracts (300, 150, and 50 μg/ml) were evaluated for their analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities. 4, 2, and 1 mg/ml of each extract were tested to investigate their effect on lipid peroxidation. The genotoxic study was monitored by measuring the structural chromosome aberrations of mice treated with 300 mg/kg of extract. The proliferation of lymphocytes in the absence and presence of mitogens was assessed at a concentration range 1–1000 μg/ml.
The tested extracts were able to decrease the mouse ear oedema induced by xylene. Furthermore, it was shown that the same extracts reduced the number of abdominal contractions caused by acetic acid in mice, revealing the peripheral analgesic activity of these extracts. It is worth noting that mice treated with doses up to 300 mg/kg b.w. of
It appears that
Tunisia is a rich source of medicinal plants, and a number of plant derived extracts are used to fight against various diseases. Only few plants have been scientifically explored. Plant derived natural products such as alkaloids, tannins, terpenes and flavonoids have received considerable attention in the recent years due to their diverse pharmacological properties including their analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities
Pain is a pathophysiological response of the living tissue to undesirable stimuli. Inflammation can be defined as a reaction of a living cell or tissue to injury, infection or irritation/infiltration. It is characterized by swelling, redness and heat/fever. It can be induced by conditions that bring about the release of inflammatory mediators such as histamine, prostaglandins, nitric oxide, serotonin, cytokinines, leukotrienes, platelet activating factors and substance P
The aim of this study was to validate the phytochemical groups, the anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antioxidant effects of the different extracts from
Plant material
Preparation of plant extracts
The fresh aerial parts of
In order to obtain an extract enriched with Total Oligomer Flavonoids (TOF), 100 g of powder were macerated in water/acetone mixture (1v/2v) for 24 hours with continuous stirring. The extract was filtered and the acetone was evaporated under low pressure in order to obtain an aqueous phase. The tannins were partially removed by precipitation with an excess of NaCl for 24 hours at 5°C, then we recovered the supernatant. The latter was extracted with ethyl acetate, concentrated and precipitated with an excess of chloroform. The precipitate was separated and yielded TOF enriched extract which was dissolved in water.
Ethyl acetate and methanol extracts were obtained by soxhlet extraction (6 h). The two types of extracts, with different polarities, were concentrated to dryness and the residue was kept at 4°C. These two extracts were resuspended in DMSO.
Quantitative analysis of extracts
Determination of total polyphenol and flavonoid content
The polyphenol content of
Determination of tannin content
The method described by Pearson
Balb/c mice (6–8 week-old males, 20–30 g) were obtained from the Pasteur Institute (Tunis, Tunisia). The animals were housed in polypropylene cages with stainless steel grill tops and provided with bedding of clean paddy husk. The animals were acclimatized to laboratory conditions for one week prior to treatment. The temperature in the animal room was maintained between 25 ± 2°C with a relative humidity of 30–70% and illumination cycle set to 12 h light and 12 h dark. The mice were fed with standard laboratory pelleted feed. All animal experiments were performed in accordance with the guidelines for the care and use of laboratory animals published by the US National Institutes of Health. The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of the University Hospital Fattouma-Bourguiba of Monastir, Tunisia.
Acute toxicity
Mice were randomly divided into groups of 5 animals and treated by i.p. injection: a first control group was given solvent Tween-80 (1%) and a second control group was treated with Tween-80 (5%). In fact, aqueous, methanol and TOF-enriched extracts were dissolved in Tween-80 (1%), whereas ethyl acetate extract was dissolved in Tween-80 (5%). The other groups of animals were treated by different doses of extracts, ranging from 125 mg/kg to 1 g/kg body weights. The number of dead animals was followed every day for one week after treatment.
Analgesic study: acetic acid-induced writhing assay
The analgesic effect was tested according to the method described by Shibata et al.
The percentage analgesic activity was calculated as follows:
Where N is the average number of stretching of control animals per group
And Nt is the average number of stretching of treated animals per group.
Anti-inflammatory study: xylene-induced ear oedema
The mice were divided into groups of five. Thirty minutes after i.p. injection of the extract (50 to 300 mg/kg, b.w.) or dexamethasone (positive control) (300 mg/kg, b.w.), 0.03 ml of xylene was applied to the anterior and posterior surfaces of the right ear. The left ear was considered as control. Two hours after xylene application, the mice were sacrificed and both ears were removed. Circular sections were taken using a cork borer with a diameter of 7 mm, and were later weighed. The increase in weight caused by the irritant was measured by subtracting the weight of the untreated left ear section from that of the treated right ear sections. The oedema was quantified as the weight difference between the two earplugs. The anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated as percent oedema reduction/inhibition in the treated animals relative to the control animals
Evaluation of lipid peroxidation by the thiobarbituric acid (TBA) assay
TBA reacts with malondialdehyde (MDA) to form a diadduct, pink chromogen, which can be detected spectrophotometrically at 532 nm
Cell preparation from mice
Spleen Balb/c lymphocytes were obtained as previously reported
Cell proliferation assay
The evaluation of lymphocyte proliferation was carried out by using the MTT [3-(4,5- dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] coloration method
The percentage of proliferation was calculated by the following equation:
Chromosome aberrations assay
The aim of this experiment was to investigate if
Group 1: Mice given Tween-80 (1%).
Group 2: Mice given Tween-80 (5%).
Group 3: Mice given 40 mg/kg b.w. of methyl methane sulfonate (MMS), as positive control.
Group 4: Mice given 300 mg/kg b.w. of
The animals within the different treatment groups were given a subcutaneous injection of yeast suspension, dissolved in water (20 mg/ml), to accelerate the mitosis of bone marrow cells
Statistical analysis
Data are expressed as mean ± SD (Standard Deviation). The biological activity was examined in three individual experiments, performed in triplicate for each dose. The statistical significance was determined using the Student's t-test. P<0.05 was considered as indicative of significance as compared to the control group.
Chemical preliminary study and metabolite content evaluation of C
The chemical preliminary study of
It appears that 1 mg of TOF-enriched extract contains an amount of polyphenols equivalent to 700 μg of gallic acid and an amount of flavonoids equivalent to 1610 μg of quercetin. However, 1 mg of each of ethyl acetate, methanolic and aqueous extracts contains respectively up to 175, 355 and 220 μg equivalent of gallic acid and 315, 320 and 316 μg equivalent of quercetin. The highest content of tannin was recorded in both ethyl acetate and aqueous extracts, with respectively, 200.84 μg and 82.51 μg equivalent of tannic acid. Yet, the methanolic and TOF-enriched extracts tannin contents were respectively, equivalent to 62.86 and 46.25 μg of tannic acid.
Acetic acid-induced writhing assay
When administered (I/P) to mice, the different doses of the extracts (50, 150 and 300 mg/kg) provoke reduction of writhing response induced by acetic acid administered intraperitonally to mice (Table
Xylene-induced mouse ear oedema assay
The aqueous, ethyl acetate, methanolic and TOF-enriched extracts from
Antioxidant activity
The antioxidant activity of the plant extracts was evaluated by quantifying the ability of the different extract concentrations to suppress iron (Fe2+)-induced lipid peroxidation (LPO) in rat liver homogenate. In fact, the addition of FeSO4 in liver slices resulted in enhancing lipid peroxidation as observed earlier by other workers
Figure 1
Anti-lipid peroxidation activity of different extracts from
Anti-lipid peroxidation activity of different extracts from
Acute toxicity testing
The different extracts of
Genotoxicity evaluation using the chromosome aberration assay
The metaphasic chromosome slides were observed for structural aberrations. The observations revealed the presence of centric fusions, rings and chromosomal breaks (Table
Mitogen-induced splenocyte proliferation
The lymphocyte-mediated immunity plays an important role in the cellular and humoral immune responses. The capacity to elicit an effective T- and B-lymphocyte immunity can be shown by the stimulation of lymphocyte proliferation response. It is generally known that Lectin stimulates T cells and LPS stimulates B cell proliferation
Figure 2
Effects of different extracts from
Effects of different extracts from
Previous studies conducted by our team revealed the presence of catechin, afzelechin and galloyl quinic acid in TOF-enriched extract from the aerial parts of
The peripheral analgesic effect may be mediated through the inhibition of cyclo-oxygenases and/or lipoxygenases (and other inflammatory mediators)
In evaluating the anti-inflammatory effect, it is important to estimate the activities of the extracts in the acute phase as well as in the chronic phase of inflammation. Xylene-induced ear oedema in mice was selected to evaluate acute anti-inflammatory activity and is a good
On the other hand, the anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of many plant extracts have been attributed to their high sterol/triterpene
The difference in significance between ethyl acetate and TOF-enriched extracts concerning the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities may be due to their different constituents. Several compounds obtained from
Several medicinal plants are considered immunomodulatory as they display a variety of anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and antitumoral effects
Injury of the mucous membranes cells may provoke the production of active oxygen species. The latter can directly injure the surrounding cells and extracellular matrices, such as hyaluronic acid, and produce lipid peroxides and metabolites of arachidonic acid. In general, active oxygen species are thought to promote inflammation through these processes
Based on these results, we chose to perform the genotoxicity assay on mice by numbering the chromosome aberrations in sample treated animal cells, and comparing them to control animal cells. The chromosomal aberrations (CA) are changes in chromosome structure resulting from a break or exchange of chromosomal material. Most of the CA observed in cells are lethal, but there are many aberrations that are viable and can cause genetic effects, either somatic or inherited
The results of the present work clearly demonstrate the significant anti-inflammatory and peripheral analgesic activities of the different extracts from the aerial parts of
Competing interests
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
Authors' contributions
KJS carried out polyphenols, flavonoids and tannins quantification, photochemical analysis, extract preparation and chromosome aberrations assay. MD carried out analgesic assay. CF carried out anti-inflammatory assay. GZ carried out lipid peroxidation assay. LI prepared solutions which have been used for splenocyte proliferation assay. GK assisted with Cyperus rotundus extraction and study design and interpretation. CGL helped conceive the study and helped in the preparation of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
The authors thank the Tunisian Ministry of higher Education, Scientific Research and Technology for the financial support of this study. They are grateful Pr. Hassen BACHA the head of laboratory for Research on Biologically Compatible Compounds, Faculty of Dentistry and all members of this laboratory for their help in culture cell experiments.
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Pre-publication history
The pre-publication history for this paper can be accessed here:


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|"Michael McCandless (JIRA)" <j...@apache.org>
|[jira] Updated: (LUCENE-1458) Further steps towards flexible indexing
|Wed, 23 Sep 2009 17:12:16 GMT
[ https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/LUCENE-1458?page=com.atlassian.jira.plugin.system.issuetabpanels:all-tabpanel ] Michael McCandless updated LUCENE-1458: --------------------------------------- Attachment: LUCENE-1458-back-compat.patch LUCENE-1458.tar.bz2 New patch attached. All tests pass. I haven't quite made it to PForDelta yet, but it's very close! The sep codec was the first step (uses separate files for doc, frq, pos, payload, skip). Then, in this patch, the big change was to create new IntIndexInput/Output abstract classes, that only expose reading & writing ints. I then fixed the sep codec to use this class for doc, frq and pos files. The trickiest part was abstracting away just what a "file pointer" is. In Lucene we assume in many places this is the long file offset, but I needed to change this to file-offset plus within-block-offset, for int-block based files. Once I did that, I created a FixedIntBlockIndexInput/Output, which reads & writes the ints in blocks of a specified size. They are abstract classes and require a subclass to do the actual encode/decode of a given block. To test it I created a simple class that just writes multiple vInts. All tests also pass with this newly added ("intblock") codec. So the next step is to hook up PforDelta... > Further steps towards flexible indexing > --------------------------------------- > > Key: LUCENE-1458 > URL: https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/LUCENE-1458 > Project: Lucene - Java > Issue Type: New Feature > Components: Index > Affects Versions: 2.9 > Reporter: Michael McCandless > Assignee: Michael McCandless > Priority: Minor > Attachments: LUCENE-1458-back-compat.patch, LUCENE-1458-back-compat.patch, LUCENE-1458-back-compat.patch, LUCENE-1458.patch, LUCENE-1458.patch, LUCENE-1458.patch, LUCENE-1458.patch, LUCENE-1458.patch, LUCENE-1458.patch, LUCENE-1458.tar.bz2, LUCENE-1458.tar.bz2, LUCENE-1458.tar.bz2, LUCENE-1458.tar.bz2 > > > I attached a very rough checkpoint of my current patch, to get early > feedback. All tests pass, though back compat tests don't pass due to > changes to package-private APIs plus certain bugs in tests that > happened to work (eg call TermPostions.nextPosition() too many times, > which the new API asserts against). > [Aside: I think, when we commit changes to package-private APIs such > that back-compat tests don't pass, we could go back, make a branch on > the back-compat tag, commit changes to the tests to use the new > package private APIs on that branch, then fix nightly build to use the > tip of that branch?o] > There's still plenty to do before this is committable! This is a > rather large change: > * Switches to a new more efficient terms dict format. This still > uses tii/tis files, but the tii only stores term & long offset > (not a TermInfo). At seek points, tis encodes term & freq/prox > offsets absolutely instead of with deltas delta. Also, tis/tii > are structured by field, so we don't have to record field number > in every term. > . > On first 1 M docs of Wikipedia, tii file is 36% smaller (0.99 MB > -> 0.64 MB) and tis file is 9% smaller (75.5 MB -> 68.5 MB). > . > RAM usage when loading terms dict index is significantly less > since we only load an array of offsets and an array of String (no > more TermInfo array). It should be faster to init too. > . > This part is basically done. > * Introduces modular reader codec that strongly decouples terms dict > from docs/positions readers. EG there is no more TermInfo used > when reading the new format. > . > There's nice symmetry now between reading & writing in the codec > chain -- the current docs/prox format is captured in: > {code} > FormatPostingsTermsDictWriter/Reader > FormatPostingsDocsWriter/Reader (.frq file) and > FormatPostingsPositionsWriter/Reader (.prx file). > {code} > This part is basically done. > * Introduces a new "flex" API for iterating through the fields, > terms, docs and positions: > {code} > FieldProducer -> TermsEnum -> DocsEnum -> PostingsEnum > {code} > This replaces TermEnum/Docs/Positions. SegmentReader emulates the > old API on top of the new API to keep back-compat. > > Next steps: > * Plug in new codecs (pulsing, pfor) to exercise the modularity / > fix any hidden assumptions. > * Expose new API out of IndexReader, deprecate old API but emulate > old API on top of new one, switch all core/contrib users to the > new API. > * Maybe switch to AttributeSources as the base class for TermsEnum, > DocsEnum, PostingsEnum -- this would give readers API flexibility > (not just index-file-format flexibility). EG if someone wanted > to store payload at the term-doc level instead of > term-doc-position level, you could just add a new attribute. > * Test performance & iterate. -- This message is automatically generated by JIRA. - You can reply to this email to add a comment to the issue online. --------------------------------------------------------------------- To unsubscribe, e-mail: email@example.com For additional commands, e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com
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[Mod edit: NSFW] What kind of camera settings and lighting??
Personally, I think this is the best advice. My belief is that it's a common beginner foible to look for "magic settings". You often hear "what's the best setting for sports". What sport? Badminton or F1 Racing? If you find out the exact settings from each of those photos without an understanding of the how and why, you will likely be disappointed when you fail to achieve that same effect with the same settings.
Some simple looking dramatic lighting is simple, but often is much more complex than you would at first imagine.
The answer isn't a recipe but an understanding of light.
lnguyenh wrote:
loonybratt wrote:
Great video. Still wondering what could be the camera setting she used.
To start with, do you think the iso should be higher than 400??
Anyway thank you somuch for the help.. I'll give it a try.
Try to look at the problem and find solutions yourself. It is not a matter of what fstop, what shutter speed, what iso, Annie Leibovitz is using.
Make a similar setup, make an exposure without flash. Check how the background lights turn out. Adjust the iso and other settings according to what you want to achieve and your particular situation.
Then add the flash and get the exposure on the subject that you are looking for.
Try to understand how it works. It is more important than knowing what settings was used for a particular photo. Better to understand how and why.
http://strobist.blogspot.se/2010/06/softlighter-too.html . I can definitely recommend to read all the site, in particular lighting 101, 102, and the "on assignments" (Thank you David Hobby).
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Discover the beautiful islands of Tahiti and be one of the first to experience the Bora Bora's luxurious Conrad Resort. This special offer will not last, for a limited time treat yourself and enjoy a luxury vacation for less. We have even included all transportation plus a lagoon safari! Call one of our Tahiti experts today to start planning.
Package Includes
- Round trip international flights nonstop from Los Angeles to Papeete flying Air Tahiti Nui
- 5 nights Bora Bora, Conrad Bora Bora Nui in a Lagoon View Suite
- Bora Bora spectacular lagoon safari, including shark & ray snorkeling - visit the sting ray ballet, then to the open water behind the reef to watch black tip sharks being fed and snorkel in the beautiful coral garden
- Breakfast daily
- Round trip inter-island air transportation between Papeete and Bora Bora
- Round trip transfers between Bora Bora Airport your resort
- Airline and hotel taxes
- Islands in the Sun After Hours Emergency Travel Assistance
Optional Overwater Bungalow Upgrade:
For the ultimate memorable Bora Bora experience, upgrade your package to an Overwater Bungalow. Add from $900pp*
Package Details
Hotels & Resorts
Conrad Bora Bora Nui Resort & Spa
Bora Bora, French Polynesia
*Terms & Conditions: All prices are 'from' per person, double occupancy. Single supplements apply. Valid for economy class travel from Los Angeles for departures 1 February and 31 May 2017. Travel must be completed by June 12; otherwise supplements will apply. Must be booked by 28 February 2017. Seats are limited and may not be available on all flights. Blackout dates and seasonal supplements will apply. Supplements for mandatory Christmas Eve and New Year's Eve dinners will apply. No refunds are allowed except that tickets purchased one week or more prior to departure may be cancelled without penalty within 24 hours of ticketing. Voluntary ticket changes are permitted at a charge of up to $250 per transaction plus any additional airfare. Other restrictions apply. Government-imposed taxes and fees and carrier-imposed charges are included. Some airlines may impose additional charges if you choose to check any baggage. Please contact your airline or refer to its website for details information regarding their checked baggage policies. Some services provided by other carriers. Not combinable with any other offer or discounted vacation package. Prices may differ when you book your travel and are not guaranteed until full payment is received. All prices are in US dollars and correct at time of posting (30 December 2016). All prices, itineraries and routings are subject to change. Upgrades are available. Airline and hotels frequently change their prices as a result of fare increases and/or fuel surcharges. Prices may increase before full payment for those and other reasons. After full payment, prices are guaranteed except only due to an increase in government-imposed taxes or fees. By paying your deposit, you affirmatively agree to the possibility of such increases. City tax of approx. $3.00 per person, per night are not included. Please call for our current prices. Hearing impaired persons may dial 711 (National Relay Service) to contact us at the above number. Tour Code: ST17012. CST#2001136-50


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Learn to Select the Best Wood Burning Stove
The popularity of the wood burning stoves in today's time has already been increasing for the past few years. There are now a lot of people that wish to be able to save money and making use of wood burning stoves is the best way.
Being able to make appliances that look realistic were in fact the main concern of the manufacturing companies which in the end made them not take importance in their running costs. They may have been able to create great looking flames but at the end of the day there is a need for you to spend so much money for it. But most of the heat is actually lost I the chimney. Check this out: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wood-burning_stove.
The gas fires are producing fumes that are poisonous which is the reason as to why their smoke needs to be expelled in the chimney. The gas fires are able to assure you that the fumes will go up into the chimney for the reason that they have a flue outlet that is quite huge.
What is extremely popular in today's time is none other than the wood burning stoves. You do not only get real fire when you make use of wood burning stoves but these are also very much efficient. One of the many important things that you should know about the wood burning stoves is that this is a cleaner way to be able to burn logs. What you will be able to discover with this kind of stove is that it comes with a glass front which will assure you to not have the need to constantly have the stove loaded. The designs that you will be choosing from the Wood Burning Stoves Scotland is actually not only varied but numerous as well. There is no need to be worried about your modern interior for the reason that there are contemporary choices to choose from.
A wood burning stove model that will allow you to be able to burn wood in areas that are smokeless is the first thing to consider. And so that you will be able to know more about this, you need to be able to ask your local council.
The heat output that you will be needing should be calculated and this is in fact the next step. This will not be a problem for the reason that most of the online stores for Wood burning stoves West Lothian for your home come with calculator tool. By making use of this tool, you will now be able to know the exact amount of heat output that will be needed. Going a bit higher is highly recommended for the reason that what is not taken into consideration is the poor insulation and draughty windows.


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B&B Boutique "Rooms" in Townhouse
Nombre max. de visiteurs4
Salles de bain1
Surface20 m²
- Adapté aux familles/enfants
- Internet/WIFI
- Parking
- Petit déjeuner
- Chambre avec serrure
- Serviettes
- Lit bébé
Description de l'hébergement
|East Hermitage Place, EH68AA Edinburgh, Royaume-Uni
|Type de logement
|Chambre privée
|Code de l'offre
|Taux d'acceptation
|Temps de réponse
|Quelques heures
|Calendrier mis à jour
Our kitchen and other rooms in the house are not accessible to our guests.
Our two "wimdu" rooms are on the second floor of our Victorian townhouse.
The house is called "Rainbow Hermitage" and there is a name plaque on the wall next to the door to help guests find us!
The house is within walking distance to the famous "The Shore" dockland pubs & restaurants. Free all day street parking and frequent bus services to town centre.
Rooms, one with king size double bed and the other with two singles, are elegantly furnished and have coffee and tea making facilities, Freeview TV and free Internet WIFI. A bathroom with shower and bath is just outside the two rooms and shared exclusively by both.
Maximum number of guests per room is 2.
We can accommodate a maximum of 4 guests. In this case both the double and twin rooms can be booked.
Please note our offered room tariff is based on 2 guests occupying one room. If alternative occupancy is required, please contact us via Wimdu for special arrangements.
For families a small folding single bed or child travel cot can be added to the double room to increase capacity to 3 persons.
Check Out time is 11am, at the latest, unless otherwise arranged with owners.
Our home is Gay Friendly.
Our friendly family dog Asia is staying with us at the moment. She does not have the freedom of the house, so you may not even see here during your stay.
From £54 room price low season
From £74 room price for high season bookings; Edinburgh Festival(s), Christmas, New Year
Règles de la maisonOur house is an late Georgian/early Victorian Townhouse. We consider our home as a quiet one where our guests can relax during their stay in Edinburgh. For this reason we ask your guests to not make any unnecessary noise. Our floors are original English Oak. Please help us maintain this by not using high heeled shoes indoors and avoid dragging heavy suitcases across the floors.
The entire house is non-smoking. You can of course smoke outside in our front garden.
You wll have a key to your room and also a front door key for you to come and go as you please. Your hosts Eric & Alessandro live on the premises and are pleased to help you with any information they can provide to make your stay enjoyable. We also speak Italian..
|Prix pour > 2 voyageurs
|32 € par voyageur/nuit supplémentaire
|Nombre max. de nuits
|13 nuits
|Arrivée après
|Arrivée avant
|Sur arrangement
|Départ avant
|Politique d′annulation
Nous nous sommes sentis très à l'aise dans la maison de belle Eric. Tout était très propre et décorée avec goût. Le raccordement au bus est très bon, et Eric a été avec nous tout au long de la partie.
Wir haben uns sehr wohlgefühlt in Erics
schönem Haus. Alles war sehr sauber
und geschmackvoll eingerichtet.
Die Busanbindung ist sehr gut und Eric
hat uns bei allem mit Hilfe zur Seite
My two girls and I had a great time in Edinburgh again. Eric made us feel welcome and very much at ease. He was so helpful whenever we needed his help or advice. His breakfast and coffee(!) were excellent. I hope to be back again for the festival next year.Thanks again.
The Rainbow Hermitage is a wonderful place to stay in Edinburgh. Eric and Alessandro are the perfect hosts! The breakfast is freshly cooked and the range of choices is just stunning. Eric and Alessandro are very helpful in every possible way but also very respectful regarding the privacy of their guests! The rooms are very nice and clean. Perfect stay, perfect flat, perfect hosts! Thank you for making our stay so memorable.
We had only one night in Edinburgh and we liked staying there very much. Very friendly and helpful hosts. We'd our best English/Scottish breakfast there.
We'll come back! :-)
If you are lucky enough to have the opportunity to book here, do it! It's just a special place. The bed was great which is something I really appreciate. The hope is marvelously decorated and the cleanliness is impeccable. Location is just a short walk to Lieth, which we loved.
Before our small travel party went over to Edinburgh we got an excelent description how to reach the apartment. Our hosts were very likable. The apartments are cozy. And the service was pretty much excellent. We enjoyed our stay very much.
Thanks a lot!!!
We stayed 3 Nights by Eric and it was fantastic. Friendly welcome, clean rooms and a perfect Breakfast for a good start in the day. Car parking in front of the house for free and bus stop just a few steps away. Every time again and thank you.
Nice and kind house holders, very pleasant to every request. The room was very good looking, and the best was one of the best I ve ever slept. The breakfast was delicious and massive. I d definitely sugggest this place.
- Qualité des logements garantie!
- Vérification de l'hôte par téléphone
- Paiement sécurisé via SSL encryption


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75 Rapp Farm Lane, North Oaks, MN 55127
About the Listing
Custom home by Hanson Builders in private North Oaks neighborhood of Rapp Farm! Additional site to choose from in this neighborhood which features a Poll, Clubhouse & play lot and positioned next to 620 acres of conservation lands! Private city trails, parks, lakes, ball-fields, & roads. Hanson Builders now with 50 homes sold in Rapp Farm and with models & specs underway to view & purchase for quick close or Design/Build on lot of your choice! In-house designers & selection center makes it easy!
Share Listing
Property Details for 75 Rapp Farm Lane, North Oaks, MN 55127
Bedrooms: 5
Bathrooms: 2 Full | 2 Three-Qtr | 1 Half
Lot Size: 0.38 Acres
Lot Dimensions: 98X156X127X145
Year Built: 2016
Garage Dimensions: 4 car
Garage: Attached Garage, Driveway - Concrete, Garage Door Opener
Style: (SF) Two Stories
Water: City Water/Connected
Sewer: City Sewer/Connected
Square Feet: 5326
Above Ground Sq Ft: 3402
Below Ground Sq Ft: 1924 (approx)
Room Information for 75 Rapp Farm Lane, North Oaks, MN 55127
Dining Room Description: Separate/Formal Dining Room
Family Room Characteristics: Main Level, Lower Level, Great Room, Family Room
School Information for 75 Rapp Farm Lane, North Oaks, MN 55127
School District: Mounds View
School District Phone: 651-621-6001
Interior Features for 75 Rapp Farm Lane, North Oaks, MN 55127
Appliances: Cooktop, Wall Oven, Microwave, Exhaust Fan/Hood, Dishwasher, Refrigerator, Washer, Dryer, Disposal, Air-To-Air Exchanger
Air Cond: Central
Heating: Forced Air
Fireplaces: Yes
Basement: (1924 sq Finished) Walkout, Full, Finished (Livable), Drain Tiled, Sump Pump, Egress Windows, Poured Concrete
Exterior Features for 75 Rapp Farm Lane, North Oaks, MN 55127
Lot Description: Irregular Lot
Lot Dimensions: 98X156X127X145
Roof: Asphalt Shingles, Pitched, Age 8 Years or Less
Zoning: Residential-Single
Financial Considerations for 75 Rapp Farm Lane, North Oaks, MN 55127
Tax Amount: $2,016
Tax/Property ID: 4724623
Tax Year: 2016
Monthly Payment = $0
INRIX Drive Time
Calculate Your Drive Time From This Property
Similar Listings For Sale
The data relating to real estate for sale on this web site comes in part from the Broker Reciprocity Program of the Regional Multiple Listing Service of Minnesota, Inc. Real estate listings held by brokerage firms other than the owner of this website are marked with the Broker Reciprocity logo or the Broker Reciprocity thumbnail logo and detailed information about them includes the name of the listing brokers.


text:
ED Magedson – Founder
Ripoff Report
AA Car Insurancewww.theaa.com Internet United States of America
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Fix it the right way.
Corporate Advocacy Program™
This report was posted on Ripoff Report on 10/23/2012 07:29 AM and is a permanent record located here: http://www.ripoffreport.com/reports/aa-car-insurance/internet/aa-car-insurance-cancelled-my-policy-without-notice-internet-958690. The posting time indicated is Arizona local time. Arizona does not observe daylight savings so the post time may be Mountain or Pacific depending on the time of year.
Ripoff Report has an exclusive license to this report. It may not be copied without the written permission of Ripoff Report. READ: Foreign websites steal our content
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text:
Vicky.in shows the up-to-date CSD price list of Honda Activa 125 in Ludhiana and collect Honda Activa 125 CSD Finance details. People can be able to find the CSD prices for all two wheeler models. Find Honda Activa 125 CSD prices in and around Ludhiana.
The Following model(s) of Honda bike may not be available in CSD. Please check with your nearby CSD dealer for more details.
* Honda Activa 125 csd price in Ludhiana indicated here is subject to changes. CSD price changes for different variant of the check. General offers and dealer offers may not have affected the Activa 125 csd price listed above. Customer who choose Honda Activa 125 finance option may pay more. Contact Activa 125 CSD dealers in Ludhiana for accurate csd price.
Honda CSD Dealers in Ludhiana
Krishna Honda
1586/3 Mohalla Anandpura Bye Pass Road Ludhiana Basti Jodhewal
|View Details & Contact
Pioneer Honda
Near Dhole Wal Chowk, Gt Road Gandhinagar
|View Details & Contact
Sarvpriya Honda
Chet Singh Nagar Gill Road DhanMandi
|View Details & Contact
Sarvpriya Honda Ferozpur Road
Near Ansal Plaza Ferozpur Road
|View Details & Contact
Shree Dadu Autos Pvt Ltd
GANDHINAGAR, G.T ROAD, ,DHOLEWAL, ,Pin-141003
|View Details & Contact
Simran Honda
Khasra No. 807/808, Adjacent to Indian Oil Petrol Pump,GuruTegh Bahadur Nagar,Chandigarh Road, ,
|View Details & Contact
Gurukirpa Honda
Ropar Road Machiwara Ludhiana
|View Details & Contact
Shree Aadi Shakti Honda
Maler Kotla Road, Rana Sahib Chowk, Payal, Ludhiana
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Savhar Honda
Dehlon Road, Main Gate, Garden City, Shop-3, Shanewal
|View Details & Contact
Honda Activa 125 CSD Price, Honda Activa 125 CSD Price, Activa 125 CSD Price in Ludhiana, Honda Activa 125 discounts in Ludhiana, Honda Activa 125 finance.


text:
Whatever your plans are for this Memorial Day and into summer fun, here are a few tips to keep your adventures as safe as they are enjoyable.
Simple actions parents can take to help make their school zones safe for children.
A blog written about the differences and similarities between jaywalking in Shanghai, China and New York City, United States. The blog looks at the dangers of jaywalking, especially for parents with children.
Why two brothers are giving up their Lego money to help support Team Safe Kids in the Marine Corp Marathon.
Blog that recaps when Safe Kids joined together with NHTSA and teens from Mills High School in California to talk about National Teen Driver Safety Week.
Read how one father's love of Halloween as taken on a new focus for his daughter.
Teen driver tells his personal story of a terrible crash and why he's working hard to keep all drivers and passengers safe.
Safe Kids is celebrating National Teen Driver Safety Week by bringing teens together to talk about the importance of buckling up.
This blog explains a new tool by Safe Kids Worldwide called the Ultimate Car Seat Guide, which provides expert guidance to parents on the important decisions they face when choosing and using a car seat.
Be sure to create a home escape plan on Home Fire Drill Day.
Learn more about Fire Prevention Week and Home Fire Drill Day.
While on boats or around open bodies of water, remember to have your child wear a life jacket approved by the U.S Coast Guard.
Learn More »


text:
Originally posted on Turn On The Jets | Last updated 10/8/13
In what was arguably their best regular season win since the beginning of the 2011 season, the New York Jets knocked off the Atlanta Falcons on Monday Night Football, 30-28. Yes, those New York Jets are 3-2. Rex Ryan, the lame duck coach who is just waiting to be fired. Geno Smith, the bum rookie who should be benched for Matt Simms…and the rest of the gang continues to win football games when nobody expects them to. The Football World should have taken notice tonight, the Jets aren't in the discussion for being the worst team in the league…they may just be in the discussion for a playoff spot come November and December. Let's start with Geno Smith. The quarterback that many foolishly wanted benched went 16/20 for 199 yards with 3 touchdowns and ZERO turnovers. More importantly, he had ice water in his veins on the game's final drive. Smith went 4/4 and had a key scramble, flawlessly executing his third game winning drive in 5 career starts. This is why you don't throw in the towel on Smith because of rough patches. If you can't see the natural physical talent and what he can bring to this offense, you aren't watching closely enough. He was nothing short of spectacular tonight, considering the environment and the type of game he had last week. Staying on offense, the supporting cast rose to the occasion. Jeff Cumberland had a monster first half, finishing with 3 receptions for 79 yards along with a 20 yard touchdown. Jeremy Kerley chipped in 5 receptions for 68 yards and his first touchdown of the season. Kellen Winslow Jr. made a pretty 1 yard touchdown catch on his only grab of the night and Stephen Hill made two big catches on the game's final drive, after having a quiet night before then. Mike Goodson had a strong season debut with 41 total offensive yards, including a 26 yard run. Bilal Powell only had 38 yards rushing but had a huge run on the Jets final offensive play that set up Nick Folk's game winning field goal. Finally, it was an encouraging first start for rookie Guard Brian Winters who locked down the job for the foreseeable future. Defensively, it was frustrating to see them allow the two late touchdowns to Atlanta (even if one was aided by a very, very questionable defensive holding penalty). However, if the national audience didn't know who Muhammad Wilkerson and Sheldon Richardson were before tonight…they do now. Wilkerson continued his All-Pro season with another strip sack and Richardson continued his Defensive Rookie of the Year campaign with 5 tackles, 1 sack, 1 pass defensed and 2 tackles for a loss. David Harris had a vintage performance with 14 tackles and showed a level of explosiveness we haven't seen from him in years. It was also a nice bounce-back game for new starter Darrin Walls who was much improved in coverage. And we'd be remiss not to mention Nick Folk who has been nothing short of terrific this season, knocking through his second game winning kick of the year. Folk is now 11/11 on the season. The Jets now head back home to take on the 0-4 Pittsburgh Steelers. It was a good weekend of football. The Bills lost. The Dolphins lost. The Patriots lost. The Giants lost (0-5 LOL)…and now the Jets sit 1 game out of first place with New England coming to MetLife Stadium in 13 days.
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News By Tag
Industry News
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Industry News
What The Breakfast Cereal Industry Hopes Will Never Be Discovered
England's Ben Tristem has officially put the breakfast cereal on notice: Getting lean and strong is now faster, easier and more affordable than ever before.
England's Ben Tristem has officially put the breakfast cereal on notice: Getting lean and strong is now faster, easier and more affordable than ever before.
As Ben Tristem added, "Our simple breakfast plan has pulled the carpet under the feet of the cereal industry. Whilst the cereal companies jostle to get you to buy un-ecological grains, topped with cows milk, we show you how to eat naturally for health with commonly available ingredients."
As Tim Ferriss, best-selling author said in his revolutionary book The 4 Hour Body: "I believe that industrial production of annual grains has done as much damage to the environment as factory farms, based on habitat destruction (and therefore species eradication)
LoseFatGetStrong.com has identified several key steps most important to breakfast-eaters when it comes to maintaining a healthy weight…
• Avoid fruit juice, as there's too much fructose and too little fiber
• Avoid white carbohydrates (e.g. potatoes, wheat, cereals) as they spike insulin
• Avoid coffee as it will sap water from your body when it needs it most
The right breakfast is just part of an entire health & vitality solution which will be presented over time on http://www.LoseFatGetStrong.com.
The complete step-by-step solution is fully documented in a new special report, "How to Cook a Vitality-¬Building Breakfast."
The report is available for immediate download at http://www.LoseFatGetStrong.com. And to help as many people as possible, this valuable report is available now for only $1.
For media inquiries, to arrange for an interview or an expert quote, please contact Ben Tristem via email at LoseFatGetStrong@
Ben Tristem has over 15 years of experience health and wellness, and has been recognized by championship bodybuilders as striking an incredible balance between results, and effort required.
Ben Tristem is based in England, UK and helped people worldwide to reduce their fat, increase their strength and regain their vitality. http://www.LoseFatGetStrong.com
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text:
Net Impact 2015-16 Kickoff Happy Hour
Sponsored by: Net Impact club
Date & Time: Thursday, April 9, 2015 from 4 p.m. to 5 p.m.
Thinking about a leadership position next year in the Weatherhead chapter of Net Impact?
Just want to shoot the compost and talk about life, love, and sustainability?
Your first drink is on us.
Fee: No
Contact Information:
Craig Dicht, Net Impact club president
Jolly Scholar
Cleveland, OH
United States
Interested in learning more about Weatherhead programs? Request more information or apply now, or register for one of over 70 open enrollment courses through Executive Education.
Weatherhead School of Management at Case Western Reserve University cultivates creativity, innovation, and purpose-driven leadership to design a better world.


text: We made a special stop here because I read about it in a biography about Martin Luther. On his journey from the Wartburg Castle to Wittenburg, Luther stopped here to eat. Although we arrived with no arranged Reservation at lunchtime on a busy Religious holiday Sunday (May 15), the friendly waitress seated us at a very nice table with a... More


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Thanks everyone
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0 replies 51 views Edited Nov 13, 2012
So, I have been on this forum since august. I don't post often, but i am constantly reading on it, because one day, I decided looking for new information on the game could be solved easily by going on the forums. I would post more often, but whenever i'm reading the forums, and i feel like saying something, someone like DivinePaladin sweeps in and says it before i do, so i never really get to post that often. I have enjoyed reading all of your discussions, and comments, and would like to just say thanks for getting me the information i want to know.
So yeah, thanks to all you forum regulars.... YOU FREAKING ROCK!


text:
Canada recovery a long haul, housing leads the way
By Louise Egan
OTTAWA (Reuters) - Canada's economic recovery is unfolding slowly but surely, new data showed on Thursday, and the housing market in particular appears headed back to growth levels not seen since before the recession started.
Permits for housing construction in Canada surged 9.4 percent to their highest since September 2008, offsetting a decline in nonresidential permits to drive up overall building permits in the month by 1.6 percent, Statistics Canada said.
The upbeat report came as the federal government housing agency, CMHC, forecast a 26 percent rise in housing starts next year in Toronto, Canada's most populous city. Existing home sales, however, are expected to dip.
Housing has been a rare bright spot in the Canadian economy, helped by record low interest rates and a pledge by the Bank of Canada to keep its benchmark rate at rock-bottom until mid-2010.
In another sign the recovery is under way, the Ivey Purchasing Managers Index fell to 61.2 in October from 61.7 in September. A reading higher than 50 indicates an increase in activity from the preceding month.
"This is the second business survey in as many days ... that suggests the economic recovery is building on itself at the start of the fourth quarter -- and fits with our rising trajectory for Canadian GDP in the second half of this year," said Credit Suisse economist Jonathan Basile.
But the news was not uniformly positive and the employment index of the Ivey was disappointing.
"Net net, the index tends to suggest that Canada is on the cusp of robust economic recovery.... Reality, as is often the case, is some what less warm and less fuzzy," said Stewart Hall, markets strategist at HSBC Canada. Continued...


text:
Register and Join the most happening forum of Sikh community & intellectuals from around the world.
By Asraa Mustutua
Anti-birthright citizenship Arizona state Rep. John Kavanagh has changed his mind about possibly removing a post 9/11 hate...
Gustav Niebuhr
Author, 'Beyond Tolerance: Searching for Interfaith Understanding in America'
Rep. Peter King: 'Are You Now, or Have You Ever...
Wednesday, 26 September 2007 19:00
WASHINGTON, DC – Today Rep. Mike Honda (D-CA) had a conversation with TSA Administrator Kip Hawley...
I have a table (tblRepSup) the shows fields: RepName, Supervisor,
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Sam Marlowe at The Door, Birmingham Rep
The Times, UK - 6 hours ago
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Carved from a single block of the finest wood and closely matching the curves of your iPhone 7 Plus, it looks and feels like a wooden iPhone. Carefully balanced between thinness and strength, the iWood 7 Plus gives your iPhone a unique natural feel, and superb grip. New polishing and varnish techniques make the iWood 7 Plus resistant to wear and tear.
Because every piece of wood is unique, so is every iWood 7 Plus. All Miniot products are made in Schagen, the Netherlands. All wood is obtained from well-managed forests and certified supply.
Delivery term of the iWood 7 Plus in walnut and mahogany is approximately 4 weeks.


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We are French, I am an English teacher. We love travelling, particularly we like beautiful landscapes . The places we own as secondary homes were chosen because they are in nice and quiet surroundings. Brittany is a beautiful part of France and never offers the same views ( weather, tide ) , you will love this area where we have two homes !
Our place in Aveyron benefits from rare surroundings in the middle of woods ! A great place to relax and enjoy the nature ! Plus lots of picturesque villages to discover. Arural area, quite remote, where you 'll meet real France.
We live in Tours, along the Loire river, and we have two self-catering places close to our place that will suit your needs when you wish to visit this lovely area , rich in cultural visits ( castles, gardens, gardens, vineyards ) . Lots of things to do and see !
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