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RV Storage Units Units Cuyamungue, NM. Close Map
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Find a Cuyamungue storage facility, compare Cuyamungue storage unit sizes, prices, amenities and discounts. View pictures, descriptions, and read customer reviews to assist you in making a selection. Once you select the public storage unit in Cuyamungue that best fits your needs, simply reserve online for free and lock in your storage unit price, save money and time. If you prefer, you can call and speak to a friendly and professional customer service representative, who could answer all your questions and who could take a reservation over the phone for free. No credit card is required to reserve storage units in Cuyamungue online or by phone. A detailed confirmation e-mail will be automatically forwarded to your inbox. Your storage unit will be available for you when you arrive at the self-storage facility on your move in date. Finding public storage In Cuyamungue, or in nearby cities located in Santa Fe, Tesuque Pueblo, Chupadero or in Rio en Medio is that fast, easy and affordable.
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- 1to give someone something that they can use, or some work or responsibility assign something (to somebody) The two large classrooms have been assigned to us. The teacher assigned a different task to each of the children. assign somebody something We have been assigned the two large classrooms. The teacher assigned each of the children a different task.
- 2to provide a person for a particular task or position assign somebody (to something/as something) They've assigned their best man to the job. assign somebody to do something U.S. forces have been assigned to help with peacekeeping.
- 3[usually passive] assign somebody to somebody/something to send a person to work under the authority of someone or in a particular group I was assigned to B platoon.
- 4to say that something has a particular value or function, or happens at a particular time or place assign something to something Assign a different color to each different type of information. assign something sth The painting cannot be assigned an exact date.
- 5assign something to somebody (law) to say that your property or rights now belong to someone else The agreement assigns copyright to the publisher. She has assigned the lease to her daughter.
verbjump to other results
NAmE//əˈsaɪn//Verb Forms present simple I / you / we / they assign
he / she / it assigns
past simple assigned
-ing form assigning
Check pronunciation: assign

subset: commoncrawl


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ago390 days ago
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Immobiliser, Alarm, Remote Alarm, Remote Central Locking, Power Steering, Air Conditioning, Electric Windows, CD Player, Electric Mirrors, Radio Cassette, Multi-function Steering Wheel, Side Load Door, Bulkhead, Bluetooth, 6 - Speed, LEZ Compliant, Full roof rack, 3 seater, Fully Plylined, Service History
ago5 days ago


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At the end of this class session, students will:
1) Know about resources and services from the ASU Library website.
2) Know quick and easy ways to search Evidence Based Practice databases for nursing theory and theorists.
3) Know where to find resources for APA style guidance, and for presentation images and media.
4) Know about Interlibrary Loan and RefWorks and where to set up your accounts.
5) Know how to contact Ask-a-Librarian for help.
Access these accounts under 'My Accounts' on the ASU Library home page, http://lib.asu.edu
The Basics of APA Style (online tutorial via the American Psycological Assocation website)
Citation Styles Library Guide - APA Style tab (APA Style information and resources)
Hello and Welcome to the NUR 330 Course Guide! Explore the resources on this guide tailored to your course assignments and research needs. Have suggestions for this guide? Let us know by contacting the Health Sciences Librarian or via the Feedback Survey on the bottom right of this page.
Looking for more Nursing Research suggestions? Try the Nursing Research Guide, linked in the top box on the Left.
If you have questions, please feel free to contact us!
Get help online from a reference librarian via email or live chat.
Health Sciences Librarians:
Kevin Pardon / 602-496-0487 / email@example.com
Virginia Pannabecker / 602-496-0683 / email@example.com
PubMed: The primary database of information in the medical and health sciences fields. Open access searching interface for 'Medline.' Includes references from several hundred nursing journals.
CINAHL: Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature. Leading research from publications in the fields of nursing and allied health from 1982 to the present.
Cochrane Library: Provides access to reliable information compiled by the Cochrane Collaboration, an international network of individuals and institutions committed to preparing, maintaining, and disseminating systematic, up-to-date reviews of the effects of health care.
National Guidelines Clearinghouse: NGC is an initiative of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) , U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. NGC provides physicians and other health professionals, health care providers, health plans, integrated delivery systems, purchasers, and others an accessible mechanism for obtaining objective, detailed information on clinical practice guidelines and to further their dissemination, implementation, and use.
PsycINFO: Provides access to international literature in psychology and related disciplines. All records from 1967 to the present are indexed using the Thesaurus of Psychological Index Terms.
ERIC (via CSA Ilumina): Premier U.S. database of education literature. Sponsored by the US Department of Education. Includes journal (EJ) and ERIC Document (ED) citations with abstracts; full text of ERIC Documents from 1993 to present.
Click the Creative Commons Search link below and type a keyword in the search box to find images, video, and more content that has a Creative Commons license for re-use, adaptation, or other purposes (you still need to cite your source though, if you use these in your presentation, to give attribution (credit) to the photo/image/video creator):
How to cite an online image in APA style:
General Format
If Author is given:
Author (Role of Author). (Year image was created). Title of work [Type of work], Retrieved Month Day, Year, from: URL (address of website)
If no Author:
Title of work [Type of work]. (Year image was created). Retrieved Month Day, Year, from: URL (address of website)
Flickr photo example*:
Deal, P. (Photographer). (2011). Nurse [digital photograph], Retrieved September 6, 2012, from: http://www.flickr.com/photos/armymedicine/5710329658
*In this example of a Flickr photo citation, the photographer's name is given in the caption - if it were not given, I would use the name of the person/group who posted the photo as the author if they took the photo, but if there is any question, use the example for the general 'No Author' format above.
Open Clip Art image example:
bedpanner. (Artist). (2012). Enrolled scrub nurse [digital image], Retrieved September 6, 2012, from: http://openclipart.org/detail/168580/enrolled-scrub-nurse-by-bedpanner
Open Clip Art image example - done as though no author given (since the official name of the artist is not given):
Enrolled scrub nurse [digital image]. (2012). Retrieved September 6, 2012, from: http://openclipart.org/detail/168580/enrolled-scrub-nurse-by-bedpanner
Search here for books (print and ebooks) and more:
Suggested key words include:
nursing theory
dorothea orem
hildegard peplau


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Rita Forrester, 2009. Photo by Amy Evans Streeter.
In 2009 Amy Evans Streeter traveled to Hiltons, Virginia, to meet Rita Forrester at her family's Memorial Music Center, aka the Carter Family Fold.
Rita, granddaughter of A. P. and Sara Carter, is the executive director of the Carter Family Fold. Her mother, Janette Carter, established the Fold in 1974 as a tribute to her father, A. P., who asked her to carry on the family's musical legacy.
For thirty years, Janette welcomed friends, family, and strangers to her hometown of Hiltons, Virginia, communing with them over food and song. She sang every song as if it were the first time, and she cooked as if she were at home, making cornbread, soup beans, and homemade cakes to feed the pilgrims who traveled so far to reach the Fold.
When Janette passed away in 2006, Rita saw it as her duty to try to fill her mother's shoes—a big job, to be sure, but Rita is, after all, her mother's daughter.
Every Saturday night, Rita welcomes people to the Fold with some words about her family, and then she sits in with the band to sing from the Carter Family songbook. Afterwards, she retreats to the kitchen, where she makes sure the cornbread is done, the soup beans are hot, and the cake is sliced and ready to serve. Almost all of the food served at the Fold is made from Carter Family recipes. Rita is committed not only to carrying on her family's musical legacy, but celebrating their culinary legacy, as well. To her, it's all connected.
This is a special Carter Family Fold edition of Okracast.
Grab some headphones and go!


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Freshfields Bruckhaus Deringer
claims to be the first international law firm to publish an externally-assured corporate social responsibility (CSR) report.
The report is organised under the general areas of law and ethics; people and diversity; climate change and environment; and community and pro bono legal advice.
The firm, which was cleared following an age discrimination claim from former partner Peter Bloxham by an employment tribunal last year, outlines its diversity policies in full.
The report also has a section on conflicts of interest that states: "We have a strong team of conflicts lawyers dedicated to identifying and analysing conflicts and confidentiality issues. This team actively monitors the acceptance of new clients and the opening of new matters."
It then acknowledges the 2007 Solicitors Regulation Authority proceedings, which resulted from the firm's role in the attempted takeover of Marks & Spencer in 2004. Consultant Barry O'Brien settled the case by volunteering to accept a fine from the Solicitor's Disciplinary Tribunal.
The report, 'Corporate Social Responsibility: Making a difference around the world', covers each of the Magic Circle firm's 26 offices worldwide.
An assurance statement by private CSR consultants The Corporate Citizenship Company said that Freshfields' decision to make its report against Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) indicators, a UN-backed international sustainability standard, "marked it out from current practice among other firms".
Freshfields' joint senior partner, Guy Morton, said: "It is also intended to improve our understanding of the local and international markets and communities we work in."
The data was also assured by the London Benchmarking Group of more than 100 companies working together to measure corporate community investment, and the firm's carbon footprint independently reviewed by the Edinburgh Centre for Carbon Management.
Its chief assessor, The Corporate Citizenship Company, is a profit-making consultancy formed by the merger of CR consultancies The Smart Company and The Corporate Citizenship Company at the end of 2007.


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Research Foundation, University General Hospital Consortium, Valencia, Spain
Roflumilast is in late-stage clinical development for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We investigated the effects of roflumilast N-oxide (RNO), at concentrations corresponding to therapeutic plasma levels, on human cells involved in pathophysiology of COPD.
RNO was tested in the following in vitro systems according to standard protocols: fMLP-induced O2–, CD11b, endothelial adhesion and transendothelial migration of neutrophils; LPS-induced TNFα release from macrophages, antiCD3/antiCD28-induced proliferation and granzyme B release of CD8 T-cells; TGFβ1-induced O2–(A549) and TNFα-induced GMCSF (BEAS2B) release from airway epithelial cells; bFGF-induced proliferation and TGFβ1-induced expression of α-smooth muscle actin (αSMA), CTGF, fibronectin and collagen I of lung fibroblasts; serum-induced proliferation of airway smooth muscle cells (ASMC); thrombin-induced permeability of endothelial cells.
As previously reported, roflumilast 500 αg once daily results in RNO plasma concentrations around 2 nM in humans. Effects of 2 nM RNO on cell functions were determined and effective concentrations for half-maximum inhibition calculated (EC50). At 2 nM RNO, cell functions were inhibited at different extents contingent on the cellular system. In some of the in vitro systems, endogenously formed mediators in inflammation (adenosine, PGE2, NO) triggering cAMP or cGMP enabled inhibitory effects of RNO. For example, removing adenosine by adenosine deaminase reversed inhibition of neutrophil adhesion to endothelial cells; inhibiting PGE2 release by indomethacin abolished reduction of ASMC proliferation, and removing NO by L-NAME compromised inhibition of endothelial permeability.
RNO at concentrations corresponding to therapeutic plasma levels inhibits numerous cell functions important in COPD pathophysiology.
These pleiotropic cellular effects may account for the clinical efficacy of roflumilast in COPD patients.
Javier Milara, Grant monies (from sources other than industry) Eesteban Morcillo and Julio Cortijo have received grant monies from the Ministry of Science of Spain.; Grant monies (from industry related sources) Eesteban Morcillo and Julio Cortijo have received grant monies from Nycomed GmbH.; Shareholder Christian Schudt is a shareholder.; Employee Rolf Beume, Hermann Tenor and Armin Hatzelmann are full-time employees of Nycomed GmbH. Christian Schudt is a former employee of Altana Pharma (now Nycomed GmbH); Product/procedure/technique that is considered research and is NOT yet approved for any purpose. The contribution describes effects of roflumilast N-oxide, the active metabolite of roflumilast, the oral and once daily PDE4 inhibitor currently in development for COPD at NYCOMED GmbH.
Monday, November 2, 2009
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What Life Is
After a wonderful Saturday night, I figured I'd write this Sunday morning.
My father told me not too long ago that life is just a series of relationships. When we're young, we make friends in Pre-School who we share our chocolate chip cookies with. We make enemies that take great joy in pushing us over in the sandbox during the lunch hours. Later on, our friends become closer; they watch our backs and share experiences with us. As do the enemies, they get nastier and start brandishing knuckles or nasty words when things don't go their way. Later after that, we start to go through a phase where we search for a love. Someone who we can speak silent nothings to, and exercise loving other people for who they are. This phase, however, is rather confusing. Most people searching for this love look in the wrong direction, and may end up getting terribly burned. Fortunately, we learn from these mistakes, and eventually find someone that is a true match. We find someone that we love fully, who loves us back fully. After some time, we start a family, and raise children to the best of our abilities. We try to guide them in the right direction, but the stubbornness we once had can cause them to venture into uncertain territory. One shouldn't worry though, because if they fall, we can be ready and push them right back up. This time around, they have the wisdom of making a mistake, and will try to avoid it in their future. Finally, as our lives draw to a close, we have to come to terms with what has happened in our many years. We have to accept we have lived our lives our way, and despite the mistakes and shortcomings, we have made it through, and have lived a full-fledged life. When we have accepted this, we can live our final years in peace, and pass away when our time comes.
My father told me not too long ago that life is just a series of relationships. We can make great friends over many years or fierce enemies over a few seconds. We can strengthen the bonds within the family, or feel the fibres being torn apart. We can witness the birth of a new life, or morn the passing of another, or share a single night with a wonderful girl. Life is a series of relationships, so take each as they are, and enjoy the company of another soul.


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Pa'ako Cove: Also known as Secret Breach, this secluded place is located on the south side of the island in Makena. Pa'ako Cove is surrounded by striking black lava, aqua waters, reef and tropical fish. A quiet beach, Pa'ako is a private place not only to swim and snorkel, but also to watch the occasional water sportsman tame the waves.
The Keoneheehee Sliding Sands Trail: No visit to Haleakala National Park would be complete without attempting the Sliding Sands Trail. Here guests can venture on foot or ride on a horseback tour across the crater. There is no better way to enjoy the sites on the cinder cone than to hike Keoneheehee Sliding Sands Trail. Be advised, it can be a challenging trail on the return trip, since the terrain is slippery gravel and the elevation is high; but the views are well worth any energy exerted on the hike.
The Ohe'o Gulch and Bamboo Forest: This area is celebrated by many tourists, though there are still treasures to be found off the main tourist stops. The word "gulch" rarely conjures up images of beautiful landscapes; however, the Ohe'o Gulch is one the most picturesque places on the island. Also known as the Seven Sacred Pools (though there are far more than seven), visitors can hike, picnic and swim when the conditions are right. Though the pools are indeed very popular, continue the exploration by hiking down the Pipiwai Trail for an inland expedition through an enchanting bamboo forest. Eventually the bamboo-lined path will lead you to the 400-foot long Waikmoku Falls surrounded by countless water holes and smaller falls along the way. These rapturous sites will be worth every second you spending driving down the lengthy Hana Highway to get to the Seven Sacred Pools.
The Nakalele Blowhole: This natural wonder located on the western side of Maui, just off Highway 30 has several trails leading to the blowhole. The intriguing site has a geyser like affect when the waves are pushed up through the lava rock cliffs. The blowhole is full of mystery and seems to come to life every time the water and sea spray shoots up through the rock. It is almost as if the formations are spurting and hissing in vehement disapproval of those who dare to hike nearby.
The Ono Organic Farm: Like any Hawaiian farm enthusiast, we advocate trying to see as many of the Maui farms as possible, to enjoy a wide range of unique products such as pineapples, lavender, honey, wineries and vodka distilleries on the island. However, many of the farms could be upstaged by the family-owned Ono Organic Farm (ono meaning delicious), which could be one of the best kept secrets on the island. Not only does Ono Farms provide an extensive selection of rare fruits and vegetables, jams, jellies, fruit butter, spices, coffee and chocolate, they also offer tours and fruit tastings Monday through Friday. The organic farm has been providing some of the most succulent produce in Hawaii for over 60 years.
The Makawao Forest and the Kahakapao Trail: Travelers are encouraged to make the most of this secluded scenic trail by hiking or biking through the Makawao Forest. Here the ground is littered with lush green ferns, redwoods, eucalyptus trees, ginger roots and raspberries when in season. The loop itself stretches across 5.2 miles, providing the perfect outdoor activity for nature-lovers and is an idyllic afternoon getaway.
Kaupo General Store: This historical site was first instituted in 1925 as a charming general store in the fishing village of Kaupo. The store is located on the Hawaiian Highway 31, and was once the only place on the map in that region. Kaupo General Store just oozes a nostalgic old Hawaii feel, and is filled with modern snacks and treats as well as archaic relics from the past. This rest-stop is a delightful must-see for anyone taking a trip to Hana area of Maui.
Garden of Eden: It would be hard to underrate a place called the Garden of Eden, yet this little gem on the Hana Highway is far less celebrated than it should be. Located at mile marker 10, this stop is garden replete with vividly colored plants, trees, flowers and unique birds. Be sure to add this other-worldly stop to your Hana Highway tour.
Waihe'e Ridge Trail: For those that prefer to enjoy hiking Maui undistracted by the presence of copious tourists, this trail is the perfect solution. Located on the north western side of the island, the Waihe'e Ridge Trail soars above verdant mountain tops and valleys, featuring glimpses of both the coast and inland. If you are favored with a clear day, you will witness some of the most spectacular panoramic point of views on the island.
Book your upcoming trip to Hawaii online and plan to visit one of the above sites or add one of our other activities to your Hawaii vacation package!
By: Charmaine


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The Confusion Over Tongues (26 of 30) by Daniel Rodgers
This content is part of a series.The Confusion Over Tongues (26 of 30)
Series: THE BOOK OF I CORINTHIANS
Dan Rodgers
I Corinthians 14:1-40
February 23, 2005
1. Last Wednesday we finished up chapter 13 with
Paul's discussion on the subject of love. In (vs. 13), he states that love is more important than all spiritual gifts: "And now abideth faith, hope, and charity, these three: but the greatest of these is love."
2. Tonight we begin in chapter 14, which addresses the
problem or mis-use of speaking in tongues (vs. 26). Let me say at the outset, there is more confusion over this subject than probably any other subject I can think of; and Satan is having a field day, as he sits back and laughs at Christians who are in heated battle with one another over this issue...each defending their interpretation on the proper use of tongues. It says in (vs. 33), that "God is not the author of confusion." If He, then, is not the author of confusion, who is? You're right...Satan is!
3. This evening I would like to give you two main
points to our outline:
I. The Use of Prophecy
II. The Mis-Use of Tongues
1. In (vs. 1), Paul states, "desire spiritual gifts, but rather
that ye may prophesy."
A. Defining terms
1. The word, "Prophesy" can mean foretelling the
Future, and it can also mean telling or giving forth God's Word. Preaching is prophesying. The Greek word for prophesy is propheteuo, which means, to foretell events, or to speak under inspiration.
B. Detailing benefits
1. In (vs.3), it says, "He that prophesieth speaketh
unto men to edification, and exhortation, and comfort."
a. When we are taught the Word of God it does
edify us, doesn't it? It does exhort us, and it does bring comfort...it draws us to the Lord. There is nothing more comforting than having someone read the Scriptures. In the book of Nehemiah, it says in (8:5-6), "And Ezra opened the book in the sight of all the people; (for he ...
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Featured Worship Backgrounds


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You need to work with the best when it comes to finding a Country Band for the party. Jason Albert Trumpet is the top in the area, call now.
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We ensure that you only have a first class Dance Band at your event. Hi Note Karaoke wants your event to be great.
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A well-seasoned Tribute Band can play at any event and could be just what you need. Be sure to talk to Above Average Entertainment LLC for details.
Calberts Karaoke and DJ Services
By trusting Calberts Karaoke and DJ Services when it comes to finding a creative and high quality 80's Band for your event, it can save you some time.
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Malcom and Company
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Hire The Best
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If you really want to set the mood for your party, there's nothing better than a live Oldies Band. Call Vocalist Palm Beach to make it happen.
Experts from ERNIE SOUTHERN know that you need the best Swing Band for your event, and we're committed to helping you find the right entertainment.


text:
|<< Previous book
|Next book >>
Wrong Face in the Mirror(2014)
A novel by Barbara Bartholomew
Lovely young Hart Benson does not remember her own life, but strangely enough she does recall that of another woman, Stacia Larkin, who vanished over sixty years ago when the little town of Medicine Stick was flooded to form a new lake. Hart finds herself with an intriguing husband, a family and a fortune she does not believe to be her own. It also begins to seem that somewhere out there is someone who wants to see her (or the real Hart) dead.
Used availability for Barbara Bartholomew's Wrong Face in the Mirror
See all available used copies of this book at Abebooks UK or Abebooks US
Kindle Editions
January 2014 : USA, Canada, UK Kindle edition
|Title: Wrong Face in the Mirror: A Time Travel Romance (Medicine Stick Series Book 1)
Author(s): Barbara Bartholomew
Availability: Amazon Amazon UK Amazon CA
Genre Pages


text:
Extremists attack schools and universities, and kidnap and murder pupils, teachers and academics because they fear genuine education. If we do not actively confront their abhorrent views they will take advantage of our silence. Young people will make up their own minds. We need to make sure they get the facts.
But 'art' means something quite different to digital culture than to the established performance arts. In digital, everything is still very new and being worked out. Claims to artistry in digital work on the whole go unchallenged - we are desperate to embrace anything, so long as it has sufficient fans, and this desperation and speedy ranking in the social stakes impacts terribly on quality and thoughtfulness.
To a great number of people, philosophy has become obsolete; to others it's mind-numbingly boring; to others it's incredibly confusing and too hard a subject to get around. The latter two may certainly be correct, depending on your own opinion; however the first one, the idea that philosophy has lost its purpose, most certainly isn't.
The internet is now the greatest source of information for people living in the UK today, especially young people. Although there are more e-books, trustworthy journalism, niche expertise and accurate facts at our fingertips than ever before, there is an equal measure of mistakes, half-truths, propaganda, misinformation and general nonsense.


text:
|Message view
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|Bharat <bharat.kj...@gmail.com>
|Re: Authentication per DB
|Mon, 17 May 2010 15:58:36 GMT
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TMTTC Kotputali
Taj Memorial TT College
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Taj Memorial TT College is situated at Jagdishpura, Post-Sharund, Tehsil-Kotputali, Distt-Jaipur in Jaipur.
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- 1 Years
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Taj Memorial TT College - TMTTC Kotputali - TMTTC
The Institution "Taj Memorial TT College, Kotputali " its own reputed and ethos. Modern, Innovative and student centric ambience to measure up to the challenge of global competition is the corner stone of academics at our institute. We are passing through know edge revolution. Knowledge is at the centre stage of the productive process. The shifting determinants of development from traditional material based resources to non material knowledge resources clearly indicate that development in future is linked up with acquisition, production, and dissemination of knowledge. The competitive global scenario in the current knowledge based economy demands higher educational institutions. To play greater role by ensuring the realization of full potential of the students, their successful integration in the world of work, their capacity to participate in active life as responsible citizens with basic human values: honesty, industry, clarity in thought and discipline.In Institution quality is business of every one a sweeper, a gardener, a clerk, a library assistant, Librarian, a teacher or a principal. Teachers are kingpins of any educational system. We have scholarly affection teachers who have concern for their students. In a very relaxed environment students are being prepared for rational thinking, positive attitude, sense and lifelong learning capabilities. We believe you're joining us means a transformation for the betterment.
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The 14th Annual New York NVC Intensive 2017
Join us for week-long immersion in self-awareness, authentic connection and open heartedness.
July 7 – 14, 2017 – in New Lebanon, NY
Thinking of coming to the 2017 New York Intensive in Nonviolent Communication? There's good new! You can apply for a scholarship to attend. To date, we've awarded over $75,000 in scholarship funding to participants at our events. We experience great joy and celebration at the opportunity to continue to do so.
Sessions are determined by the entire community – both trainers and participants. Typically, early in the intensive, participants discuss with the trainers the topics which they would like to see covered. The trainers then use the participants' requests, as well as information from daily feedback and requests, to determine the content of each day's sessions. Session topics range from introductory material to deep healing work to advanced application of NVC. Last year, over 80 different presentations were made by our trainers – covering all of the topics our participants requested! Rich opportunities for learning and deepening your NVC practice await you!
The evening program both extends and provides opportunity for deeper understanding of the sessions taught during the day. We recognize that participants bring their own knowledge and skills to the intensive. In past years, participants have shared diverse offerings including innovative ways of teaching NVC and descriptions of their use of NVC with specific communities such as in business and educational settings. They have shared works in progress and received feedback from community members. Be ready to share, learn and play!
Empathy groups are a much appreciated component of the retreat. Participants are placed in groups of three or four based on their preference and experience with NVC. Groups meet daily for at least one hour. Participants who are new to NVC have a support team member who participates in the group and supports the group in giving and receiving empathy. As staffing levels permit, groups with members who have participated in empathy groups before the Intensive may also have a support team member as part of their group. Experience the beauty of having your needs deeply heard. Empathy groups contribute to healing, community building and learning.
Rememberings, Celebrations and Mournings: Each morning, we begin with a remembering, an activity presented by a community member to connect us with our purpose in learning NVC and being in community together. They vary widely and have included readings, music, movement, and touch. Trainers typically offer the first few rememberings. In the evenings, the community has space to share their celebrations of needs met and mournings of needs not met related to the day, the retreat, or some other aspects of their lives. As with the rememberings, celebrations and mournings connect us to each other, allowing us to create a shared experience that meets needs for connection, meaning, and understanding.
Meal Topics: Learning and connection also continue outside the scheduled programs. We support participants in organizing discussion tables during meals. A participant who is interested in a certain aspect of NVC may wish to talk and collaborate with others who share that interest. Meal discussions can also continue and extend an exploration that began during a session. Meal topics at past intensives have included such issues as Parenting, NVC and Social Justice, NVC in the Mental Health Professions, NVC in Education, Restorative Circles and NVC in Business. Training team members often join the meal topic tables, excited to learn from and contribute to the discussions. Come prepared to network with others who share a passion for what brings you alive about NVC.
The support team of experienced trainers will be available for private empathy, mediation and coaching sessions. Trainers on the team all have extensive (40 – 100+ days) experience in NVC workshops. Support team members are available to meet with participants during sessions as well as during free time. Participants have used the support team for a variety of reasons (e.g. to mediate a long-standing conflict between folks who knew each other prior to the intensive; to receive empathy and healing on painful relationships; to learn strategies for staying in NVC consciousness with family members; to further explore material presented during sessions). Support team members are eager to contribute to participants. We invite you to approach any of us, at any time.
The Empathy Labyrinth
This profound kinesthetic tool was developed by Marc Weiner in 2006 to teach empathy skills and Nonviolent Communication. The EL is a vehicle to facilitate joyful, empathic heart-to-heart connection with yourself and others. With Marc's gentle guidance, you will walk the labyrinth and gain clarity, compassion, empowerment and connection. You will be able to choose actions that are more connecting and congruent with your core needs/values. The Empathy Labyrinth has been a popular offering at the New York Intensive for the past six years, enriching the experience and self understanding that our participants come to find.
What to bring?
|7:45 – 8:45
|8:45 – 9:15
|9:15 – 9:30
|Trainers Describe Daily Offerings
|9:30 – 10:45
|Session I (3 – 4 offerings)
|11:00 – 12:15
|Session II (3 – 4 offerings)
|12:15 – 2:00
|2:15 – 3:50
|Session III (3 – 4 offerings)
|4:00 – 5:00
|Empathy Groups
|5:00 – 5:45
|Celebrations and Mournings
|5:45 – 6:00
|6:00 – 7:00
|7:15 – 8:30
|Optional Evening Session led by assistants or skilled participants
Session offerings before dinner are facilitated primarily by our training team. The evening program has traditionally consisted of offerings by our experienced support team, invited guests and participants.


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Welcome to my small, personal collection of famous sayings and quotations!
Everyone has their own idea of which words can be an inspiration to them or which words can cause them to laugh, weep, smile, cry, think, chuckle, etc. I hope you enjoy my favorite selection of quotes as much as I do.
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Exploring a Giant River Cave by Kayak
Four miles long and narrower than a football field, this Laos wonder makes for a one-of-a-kind paddling journey.
When we last heard from photographer Ryan Deboodt, he'd just piloted a drone camera through the earth's largest cave, Vietnam's Hang Son Doong. Now he's back with a short film that's every bit as striking: a kayaking trip on the Xe Bang Fai River in the Tham Khoun Xe cave in Hin Nam No National Protected Area in central Laos.
The cave is more than four miles long and averages about 250 feet wide and 120 feet tall. Locals have fished near its entrance for centuries and climbed the walls to gather eggs from bird's nests. Paddling it isn't new, either-the first Europeans came in 1904 and the first raft journey came just a year later. Tham Khoun Xe was then closed to outsiders for nearly a century, until opening to kayaking 10 years ago.
See more of Deboodt's photography at his website, Vimeo, Instagram, and Facebook.
in 2008 i traveled trough this cave on bicycle trip. i hired a boat man with his flat bottomed longtail boat and we poled through the cave downriver. that was at the dry season though when the water is much lower. it was terrific!
How does sone get to this cave? I understand it's in the Khammouane region. Where is it in relation to the Kong Lor Cave? Thanks


text:
Gubernatorial Candidates Outline Education Plans
NewsRadio 920 WHJJ and the Associated Press
PROVIDENCE, R.I. (AP) — The five major gubernatorial candidates agree Rhode Island needs a strong school system for its economy to thrive. But their plans to transform it differ.
Democrat candidates Providence Mayor Angel Taveras, Treasurer Gina Raimondo and Clay Pell want to spend more on public schools. Taveras is proposing state-funded universal prekindergarten education for all 4-year-olds in Rhode Island.
For Raimondo, rebuilding the state's deteriorating elementary, middle and high schools is a priority.
Pell, a former official in the U.S. Department of Education, has proposed several initiatives to make college more affordable.
Republican candidate and Cranston Mayor Allan Fung's plan centers on changing how the state's educational institutions are governed. Republican candidate and businessman Ken Block has focused on improving early childhood education.
The primary is Sept. 9.
Shutterstock/Stephen B. Goodwin


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Altoona Mirror (Newspaper) - December 16, 2001, Altoona, Pennsylvania USA WEEKEND ^ GRISHAM'S 'SKIPPING lf CHRISTMAS' FREE INSIDE BUSINESS: PATRIOTIC, SPIRITUAL MATERIAL SALES UP ► PAGE El INSIDE TODAY: SPORTS: Beers named all-state PAGE Cl NATION: Bill could save jobs PAGE BT area holiday light displays &|Altoona Mirror © Copyright 2001DECEMBER 16, 2001 $1.50 newsstand PERFORMANCE FUNDING Jubelirer key in figlf over lines Mirror photo by Gary M Baranec Irving Elementary teacher Kathy Oakes conducts a choral reading with her second-grade class. Like all Irving students, her class must follow dress guidelines that require clothes to be solid colors. Irving staff say the dress code has Improved the learning atmosphere. Irving recognized for achievement Long-term success not measured By Jay Young Staff Writer Kassie Smith remembers how things at Irving Elementary used to be. It wasn't a very fun place for a first-grader. The city school was plagued with attendance problems and dysfunctional families who mostly participated in mandated student discipline. It seemed like it only would get worse as Smith entered second grade in 1997. It was another year at a school she didn't like and now the principal was going to make them follow a dress code allowing only single-colored clothing with no writing. "I didn't really like it," she said. "I wasn't really sure about wearing a uniform." What she didn't know at the time was that the change was just a portion of a new way of * doing business. It changed the school — and Smith. The drastic changes recently caught the attention of the state Department of Education. Irving Elementary this month was named one of 18 Governor's Schools of Achievement. Students and staff were recognized with a $25,000 reward for three consecutive years of improving state test scores by at least 50 points. Please see Irving/Page AIQ By Jay Young Staff Writer Schools in area counties recently were awarded more than $500,000 for improved scores on the Pennsylvania System of School Assessment. The money was distributed by the state Department of Education for tests taken by fifth-, eighth- and llth-graders last spring. The award is based on improved scores from the previous year. What the performance funding doesn't measure is success over the long run. Huntingdon Middle School has never received funding from the pro- ■ A chart of performance funding by school district / Page A11 gram, which started in 1998. The eighth-graders who took the test last spring scored 150 points less than the first time the test was given during the performance funding program. A different story is told at nearby Southside Elementary, where scores have dropped 160 points since performance funding began. Southside has received $18,668 dollars during the same period. The difference is in how the schools reached the final number. Please see Success/Page AIQ ■ State House and Senate differ over redistricting plans. By Robert Igok Staff Writer State Senate President Pro Tem and Lt. Gov. Robert C. Jubelirer will be a key player in the upcoming negotiation over competing congressional redistricting plans. Jubelirer is a member of a conference committee that will try to hash out differences between Senate and House plans to restructure Pennsylvania's political boundaries in light of significant population losses in the 2000 census. The state Senate and House approved vastly different plans to redraw the state's 21 congressional districts into 19. The Senate's highly controversial plan would pit eight Democratic incumbents, including 12th District U.S. Rep. John Murtha, against one another for four new seats. The conference committee — two Republicans each from the House and Senate, and one Democrat each from the House and Senate — will be made up of House Majority Leader John Perzel, R Philadelphia; Minority Whip Sam Smith, R-Punxsutawney; Senate Majority Leader David "Chip" Brighten, R-Lebanon; and Jubelirer. Democratic Minority Leaders Sen. Robert Mellow of Lackawanna and Rep. H. William DeWeese of Waynesburg, are also on the committee but are not expected to be a factor in the final agreement. Their votes are not needed to reach a compromise between the Republican plans. David Atkinson, an aide to Jubelirer, said the committee is aiming for a compromise plan. "We are doing everything possible to bring this to a conclusion by the end of the year," he said. "The Senate is still committed to pre- Jubellrer serving the basic outline of its plan, but hopefully, within the next week, we can begin negotiating to iron out the differences and have a plan for the governor to sign." "They'll hash out something together and bring it up for a vote," state Rep. Jerry Stern, R-Martinsburg, said. "I'm not going to sit here and tell you the issue is not partisan because it is," Stem told Blair « ounty Chamber members last week. "It's parti I san in every state where the Legislatures are deciding who sits where and what the districts are going to look like." Penn State Altoona political science professor Daniel DiLeo said the differing plans reflect the makeup of the General Assembly. "The Senate has more leadership from this area, so their plan is very good to [U.S. Rep. Bill] Shuster," he said. "But the House, on the other hand, has more of its leadership from Philadelphia, thus the focus on that area. It's still hard to say who will prevail because there is not much to go on; but either way, we will see the loss of Democratic seats." The Senate's major sticking point appears to be a proposed new district in southwestern Pennsylvania. Atkinson said Jubelirer also wants to preserve the 9th District in its current form as much as possible by keeping all of Huntingdon County in the 9th, rather than placing part of it in U.S. Rep. John Peterson's 5th District, as in the House plan. Please see Lines/Page A5Police remain mum on Bedford murder By Mark Leberfinger and William Kibler Staff Writers QUEEN — More than two weeks have passed since the murder of Dana Gates and the attack on Lorin Burket, and police won't say whether they are any closer to making an arrest. Burket is still alive. But Sgt. Daniel Krauss of the state police at Bedford won't confirm whether Burket is still a patient at Altoona Hospital or still under police guard. Gates Burket At least two search warrants have been executed so far in the investigation—one at an unknown Please see Murder/Page A5 wmm Mi DELIVERY Subscription or home delivery questions: 946-7480 or (800) 287-4480 BIO POUR | 8 2 | I Lottery numbers, A2 WEATHER Increasing clouds, 44° ■ Forecast, A2 \ State begins 3-year buck study The Associated Press Penn State University biologist Bret Wallingford attaches a radio collar to a young male deer in a study with the state Game Commission. By Charles Sheehan The Associated Press FORD CITY — A fawn scampering across an open field in western Pennsylvania Wednesday was snared by a net and whisked away by helicopter, unwittingly becoming one of the first subjects of an extensive study on the behavior of young bucks. Researchers from the state Game Commission and Penn State University will capture and tag 600 deer using drop nets, walk-in traps, dart guns and helicopters as part of a three-year buck study said to be the largest ever. Duane Diefenbach, an assistant professor of wildlife ecology at Penn State, said only a handful of similar studies have been done in the past and those involved 30 deer at the most. ■ Overpopulation of geese troubles some state residents / Page C9 Bucks stay with their mothers for about a year, but little is known about their behavior after they disperse, said Gary Alt, head of the Game Commission's deer management section, which is leading the study. The study will use electronic transmitters to track how many deer survive from 6-month-old fawns to 20-month-old bucks, how many are killed by hunters and how many die of other causes. Researchers hope to study the behavior of bucks and help state game officials revise how they manage the deer population with hunting seasons. Please see Buck/Page A6 a- a IMdMMNHMMI 0iocM- GI SPORTS Q| BUSINESS Politics A4 Outdoors C9 Stocks E2,3 Hospitals A13 Obituaries A13 Scoreboard C8 CDs, Mutuals E4 S/k/llUUI IWW ^ ■ w Opinion A8 I (3 UK QCtASSMD H MMM Astrograph D4 Movies D2 Puzzle D4 COMMUNITY NEWS War on terrorism B2 Couples Q2 Strange brew BS * Travel D6 Yesteryear G3 ;
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text: Clinical Investigation / Araştırma DOI: 10.4274/tjod.83723 Opinion of women about elective abortion Kadınların isteğe bağlı kürtaja bakışları Bülent Çakmak1, Fulya Zeynep Metin1, Asker Zeki Özsoy1, Rıza Çıtıl2, Yalçın Önder2 1Gaziosmanpaşa University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tokat, Turkey 2Gaziosmanpaşa University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health, Tokat, Turkey Abstract Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the opinions of women who presented to the hospital for elective abortion. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was designed and conducted at our university hospital between March 2013-April 2013 by the method of face-to-face interviews with 500 women who presented to the hospital as patient or relatives of patients. Poll consisted of 6 questions about demographic characteristics and 14 questions evaluating the opinions and attitudes about abortion. Results: The age of the women who participated in the study was ranging between 18 and 75 years with the mean age of 31.5±11.9 years. Twenty-six women (5.2%) were illiterate, while 109 (21.8%) were university graduates. 70.8% of women stated that they were against elective abortion. Among the reasons against abortion on request were: "forbidden by the religion"-53.1% of women, "against human rights"-35.3%, and "unhealthy for the mother"-7.1% of women. About the prohibition of abortion, 82.4% of women said that "it may be performed under necessary conditions", 9.6% "it should be completely forbidden", and 8% stated that "it should never be forbidden". Conclusion: A large number of respondents reported that they have negative attitude towards elective abortion, however, in case of medical necessity, abortion should be performed. During the legal arrangements done about situations that may affect the public health, such as abortion regulations, we believe it would be useful to assess the perspective of the society on this issue. J Turk Soc Obstet Gynecol 2014;3:170-5 Key Words: Elective abortion, women, opinion Özet Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı hastaneye başvuran kadınların istemli düşük hakkındaki görüşlerinin incelenmesidir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Mart 2013-Nisan 2013 tarihleri arasında yürütülen tanımlayıcı nitelikteki bu çalışmada, bir üniversite hastanesine başvuran hasta ve yakınlarından araştırmaya katılmayı kabul eden 500 kadına yüz yüze görüşme yöntemiyle anket uygulanmıştır. Anket demografik özellikleri tanımlayıcı "6" ve kürtaj hakkındaki tutum ve görüşleri değerlendiren "14" sorudan oluşmaktaydı. Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan 500 kadının yaşları 18 ile 75 arasında değişmekte olup ortalama yaş 31,5±11,9 olarak saptandı. Kadınların 26'sı (%5,2) okuryazar değilken 109'u (%21,8) üniversite mezunu idi. Çalışmaya katılanların %70,8'i isteğe bağlı kürtaja karşı olduğunu belirtti. İsteğe bağlı kürtaja karşı olduğunu belirtenlerin %53,1'i "dinen yasak olması", %35,3'ü "insan haklarına aykırı olması" ve %7,1'i ise "anne açısından sağlıksız olması" nedeniyle isteğe bağlı kürtaja karşı olduklarını bildirdi. Kürtajın yasaklanması konusunda, katılımcıların %82,4'ü gerekli durumlarda kürtajın yapılabilmesi gerektiğini, %9,6'sı tamamen yasaklanması gerektiğini, %8'i ise hiçbir şekilde yasaklanmaması gerektiğini belirtti. Sonuç: Katılımcıların büyük bir kısmı isteğe bağlı kürtaja olumsuz yönde baktıklarını belirtse de, zorunluluk durumlarında kürtajın yapılabilmesi gerekliliğini bildirmiştir. Kürtaj gibi halk sağlığını etkileyebilecek durumlarda yasal düzenlemeler yapılırken toplumun konuya bakış açısının da değerlendirilmesi gerektiğinin yararlı olacağı kanaatindeyiz. J Turk Soc Obstet Gynecol 2014;3:170-5 Anahtar Kelimeler: İsteğe bağlı kürtaj, kadın, bakış açısı Introduction Abortion is the termination of pregnancy from the uterus at a woman's own request or due to a medical requirement by a physician via several methods upon acquiring consent. In this regard, elective abortion is described by the World Health Organization (WHO) as the termination of pregnancy before the fetus has developed sufficiently to live outside the uterus(1). The frequency of abortions varies, parallel with the countries and their social, cultural, and economic levels(1,2). One fifth of women (during the childbearing period) in Turkey had spontaneous abortion and 22% had elective abortion according to the Turkey Demographic and Health Survey 2008 data(3). In the last five years, the rate of elective abortion among the married women between the ages of 15-49 is 10% and the rate of elective abortion among the women between the 15-19 age group, which is 3%, increases with age and reaches 39% in the 45-49 age group. When analyzed according to the regions, the rate of elective abortion is the highest in İstanbul (31%) and the lowest in Southeastern Anatolia (12%). According to the Address for Correspondence/Yazışma Adresi: Bülent Çakmak, MD, Gaziosmanpaşa University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tokat, Turkey Phone: +90 356 212 95 00 E-mail: [email protected] Received /Geliş Tarihi : 20.01.2014 Accepted/Kabul Tarihi: 28.04.2014 170 Bülent Çakmak et al. Opinion about elective abortion education level, there is very little change to the rate of abortion among the women. However, the rate of elective abortion among women at the level of the lowest household welfare is 15% increases to 29% among women at the level of the highest welfare(3). Elective abortion was used as a family planning in the past; however, it is not used for this purpose today since there are effective family planning methods. Nevertheless, today, it is reported that one in every five women experiences one or more abortion attempts during their lifetime and there are 40 million abortion attempts every year(4). Around the world, each country has its own rules and practices for elective abortion. In Turkey, the second law regulating the family planning services was rearranged in 1983, and Article 5 of the "Population Planning Law," Number 2827 states that: "Until the tenth week of pregnancy, the uterus can be evacuated upon request until there is no medical objection for the health of the mother". According to this law, the elective abortions up to the 10th week can be performed by competent physicians under the supervision of specialists upon the consent of the partners(5). By this means, the aim is to minimize undesired pregnancies and maternal mortality rates due to the abortions carried out under improper health conditions or performed by the self-intervention of the women. Although abortion can be performed within the frame of the legal regulations and practices, it is still among the controversial topics in terms of sociocultural, moral, philosophical, and religious aspects. The first of the two main matters of debate is "the right of fetus to live" and the other is "the right of a woman to make decisions about her own body"(6). Around these arguments, maybe the women are to be emphasized and asked about their opinions. As the debate about abortion law has gained momentum, recently in Turkey in particular, an analysis of the opinions of the women via a medical disciplinary approach may be very useful and may also provide guidance on the legal practices. Due to these facts, the present study aimed to analyze the opinions of women applying to university hospitals about abortion and their attitudes towards abortion. Materials and Methods The population of this descriptive study consisted of women over 18 years of age, who applied to a University Research Hospital for any reason between March 2013 and April 2013, and agreed to participate in the study. Based on the records, the monthly mean number of individuals who applied to a university research hospital in 2013 was 19.213; 10.960 of these individuals were women over 18 years of age. The prevalence of elective abortion from the previous studies was accepted as 22%, and the sample size calculated by Epi Info 7.0 program under a confidence interval of 97% and a deviation of d=0.04 was found to be at least 483. The study included 500 women, who were selected through random sampling among the women over 18 years of age, who applied J Turk Soc Obstet Gynecol 2014;3:170-5 to a hospital for any reason and agreed to participate in the study between the date ranges of the research. A survey form consisting of 20 questions in total, "6" described the socio-demographic attributes of the participants and "14" evaluated the attitudes and opinions of the participants about elective abortion, which was prepared by the researchers for data collection as guided by the respective literature and applied to all participants through face-to-face interviews. The dependent variables of the study included the knowledge and attitudes of the women who applied to a university hospital; and the independent variables included the socio-demographic attributes of the women such as educational status, occupational status, and marital status. Prior to the study, approval was obtained from the ethics committee of the university. The data collected were analyzed using a statistical program, PAWS version 18.0. Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests were used in the statistical analysis. A value of p<0.05 was considered as the level of statistical significance. The descriptive data of the participants were expressed in mean ± standard deviation and n (%). Results The mean age of the participants was 31.5±11.9 (18-75) years. Twenty-six (5.2%) women were illiterate; 141 (28.2%) were primary-school graduates; 15 (3%) were high-school students; 48 (9.6%) were high-school graduates; 161 (32.2%) were university students; and 109 (21.8%) were university graduates. The rate of participants with a profession was 25.2%, whereas 74.8% were unemployed. Regarding marital status, 55.4% were married and 44.6% were single. The question, "Which one is more applicable to you?" regarding elective abortion was answered by 18.6% (93) as "a natural right," 67.8% (339) as "must be performed only in healthendangering situations," and 13.6% (68) as "absolutely not." Seventy point eight percent (354) of the women stated that they were against elective abortion. Of the women stating that they were against elective abortion, 53.1% reported the reason for being against elective abortion as "forbidden by religion," 35.3% as "against human rights," and 7.1% as "unhealthy for the mother" (Table 1). Among the questions analyzing the reasons for elective abortion from social indications, the question, "Do you approve of abortion if the married couple does not want any more children?" was answered by 18.8% as "yes"; 70.4% as "no"; and 10.8% as "undecided". The question, "Do you approve abortion Table 1. Reasons of participants for being against elective abortion Reasons for being against abortion n % Forbidden by religion 188 53.1 Against human rights (for the baby) 125 35.3 Unhealthy for the mother 25 7.1 Other 16 4.5 171 J Turk Soc Obstet Gynecol 2014;3:170-5 Bülent Çakmak et al. Opinion about elective abortion in extramarital situations?" was answered by 29.2% as "yes"; and the question "May elective abortion be performed due to financial incapacity?" was answered by 14.4% as "yes" and 73.8% as "no". The question, "Do you approve abortion if the married couple does not want any more children?" and the question, "Do you approve abortion in extramarital situations?" were found to receive a higher rate of "yes" by the participants over 40 years of age than the other participants (p<0.05). Additionally, the question as to whether to forbid abortion completely or not was answered as "yes" at a rate ranging between 6.8% and 13.3%, based on the age group, and the same answer applied to all age groups (p=0.202) (Table 2). When the opinions of the participants were analyzed based on their educational levels, the highest rate of positive approach to the elective abortion was found in the group consisting of university students (39.1%; p<0.001). The frequency of "yes" as a response to completely forbid abortion based on the groups was zero (0%) of the illiterate participants, 26 (18.4) of the primary-school graduates, two (13.3%) of the highschool students, eight (16.7%) of the high-school graduates, seven (4.3%) of the university students, and five (4.6%) of the university graduates, respectively (Table 3). Ninety-six (19.2%) of the participants answered "yes" to the question of whether they had an abortion compared to 404 (80.8%) answering "no". When the reasons for the procedure were asked of the women who had an abortion, 26% responded with "undesired pregnancy," 37.5% responded with "due to health problems," 9.4% responded with "the notice from their doctors that the baby would be disabled," and 27.1% responded with "other". The question, "May elective abortion be performed if there are no health related issues?" was answered as "yes" by 38.5% and as "no" by 61.5% among the women who had abortion compared to the rates 27% and 73% among the women who did not have abortion, respectively (p=0.025). The question, "Do you approve of abortion if the married couple does not want any more children?" was answered as "yes" by 37.5% of the women who had an abortion compared to 14.4% among the women who did not have an abortion previously (p<0.001). Thirty-nine point six percent of the participants who had a history of abortion approved of extramarital abortion compared to 26.7% of the women who had not had an abortion (p=0.042) (Table 4). Four hundred fifty (90%) women reported that abortion was not a contraceptive method, 2.6% reported that it might be used as a contraceptive method, and 7.4% reported that they did not have any knowledge about the matter. With regard to completely forbidding abortion by law, 48 (9.6%) of the participants answered as "it should be completely forbidden," 412 (82.4%) answered as "it may be performed under necessary conditions," and 40 (8%) answered as "it should never be forbidden". The arguments of the total 354 participants who provided "no" as an answer to the question of whether to forbid elective abortion were respectively: "it should be completely Table 2. Opinions of participants about elective abortion by age distribution Age distribution ≤20 n (%) 21-30 n (%) 31-40 n (%) >40 n (%) May elective abortion be performed if there are no health issues? Yes No 16 (26.2) 45 (73.8) 75 (34.1) 145 (65.9) 22 (19.3) 92 (80.7) 33 (31.4) 72 (68.6) Do you approve abortion if the married couple does not want more children? Yes No Undecided 9 (14.8) 45 (73.8) 7 (11.5) 29 (13.2) 166 (75.5) 25 (11.4) 22 (19.3) 82 (71.9) 10 (8.8) 34 (32.4) 59 (56.2) 12 (11.4) 11 (18.0) 28 (45.9) 22 (36.1) 70 (31.8) 97 (44.1) 53 (24.1) 26 (22.8) 82 (57.0) 23 (20.2) 39 (37.1) 58 (55.2) 8 (7.6) Do you think abortion should be forbidden? It should be completely forbidden. Partially a It should not be forbidden. 7 (11.5) 50 (82.0) 4 (6.6) 15 (6.8) 188 (85.5) 17 (7.7) 12 (10.5) 96 (84.2) 6 (5.3) 14 (13.3) 78 (74.3) 13 (12.4) Total 61 (100.0) 220 (100.0) 114 (100.0) 105 (100.0) Do you approve abortion in extramarital situations? Yes No Undecided aPartially: It may be performed under necessary conditions 172 p p=0.037 p=0.004 p<0.001 p=0.202 Bülent Çakmak et al. Opinion about elective abortion J Turk Soc Obstet Gynecol 2014;3:170-5 Table 3. Opinions of participants about elective abortion by educational status Educational status Illiterate n (%) Primary-school graduate n (%) High-school student n (%) High-school graduate n (%) University student n (%) University graduate n (%) p May elective abortion be performed if there are no health issues? Yes No 3 (11.5) 23 (88.5) 27 (19.1) 114 (80.9) 3 (20.0) 12 (80.0) 18 (37.5) 30 (62.5) 63 (39.1) 98 (60.9) 32 (29.4) 77 (70.6) p<0.001 Do you approve abortion if the married couple does not want more children? Yes No Undecided 3 (11.5) 17 (65.4) 6 (23.1) 29 (20.6) 97 (68.8) 15 (10.6) 4 (26.7) 11 (73.3) 0 (0) 16 (33.3) 30 (62.5) 2 (4.2) 29 (18.0) 111 (68.9) 21 (13.0) 13 (11.9) 86 (78.9) 10 (9.2) p=0.033 Do you approve abortion in extramarital situations? Yes No Undecided 10 (38.5) 15 (57.7) 1 (3.8) 40 (28.4) 76 (53.9) 25 (17.7) 6 (40.0) 8 (53.3) 1 (6.7) 11 (22.9) 27 (56.3) 10 (20.8) 58 (36.0) 55 (34.2) 48 (29.8) 21 (19.3) 67 (61.5) 21 (19.3) p<0.001 Do you think abortion should be forbidden? It should be completely forbidden. Partially a It should not be forbidden. 0 (0) 25 (96.2) 1 (3.8) 26 (18.4) 108 (76.6) 7 (5.0) 2 (13.3) 10 (66.7) 3 (20.0) 8 (16.7) 36 (75.0) 4 (8.3) 7 (4.3) 139 (86.3) 15 (9.3) 5 (4.6) 94 (86.2) 10 (9.2) p<0.001 Total 26 (100.0) 141 (100.0) 15 (100.0) 48 (100.0) 161 (100.0) 109 (100.0) aPartially: It may be performed under necessary conditions Table 4. Opinions of participants about elective abortion by the history of abortion History of Abortion p Yes n (%) No n (%) Total 37 (38.5) 59 ( 61.5) 110 (27.0) 294 (73.0) 147 353 p=0.025 36 (37.5) 60 (62.5) 58 (14.4) 346 (85.6) 94 406 p<0.001 Do you approve abortion in extramarital situations? Yes No 38 (39.6) 58 (61.4) 108 (26.7) 296 (73.3) 146 354 Total 96 (100.0) 404 (100.0) 500 May elective abortion be performed if there are no health issues? Yes No Do you approve abortion if the married couple does not want any more children? Yes No p=0.042 173 J Turk Soc Obstet Gynecol 2014;3:170-5 forbidden" by 13%; "it may be performed under necessary conditions" by 86.4%; and "it should never be forbidden" by 0.6%. Discussion In the present study, 18.6% of the participants defined abortion as "a natural right" and 70.8% reported that they were against elective abortion. In addition, only 9.6% reported that abortion should be completely forbidden by law. It is understood that the majority of the participants report that they are against elective abortion; however, only 9.6% had a positive approach to the complete ban of abortion. In the study by Baykan et al. on this matter, they reported that most of the women thought that elective abortion was not appropriate when the opinions of the women regarding abortion were analyzed in moral, ethical, and social terms. Despite this, women also stated that deciding the fate of the pregnancy was a natural right of the women and the government should not intervene in elective abortion(7). It is seen that abortion, which is still an ethical issue today, may be due to social causes such as rape as well as due to an undesired pregnancy resulted from not using proper and correct family planning method, and therefore service accessibility and availability and raising the awareness of women through health education in this regard are considered as the important steps for the solution of the problem(8). The study by Bilgin et al. that evaluated the opinions of university students about elective abortion reported that the students did not consider elective abortion as a family planning method, they knew its damages to the health, and although they tended to be against elective abortion, they wanted it to be a matter of free choice(9). In another study in which the opinions of health college students were collected, 52.1% of the students assessed elective abortion as morally incorrect, whereas 28.7% stated that they did not share this opinion(10). In the present study, 90% of the participants reported that abortion was not a contraceptive method. Additionally, 53.1% of the participants who were against abortion provided the reason for being against it as being "forbidden by religion" and only 7.1% were against as it as being "unhealthy for the mother". It is quite interesting that the women with the history of abortion have more liberal thoughts about abortion in case of social indications such as excessive children and financial incapacity. On the other hand, in the present study, the group consisting of university students was also found to be more liberal towards abortion than the other groups with lower education levels. It was also seen that women had an intense feeling of responsibility prior to elective abortion and the majority had feelings of guilt due to religious and moral concerns; however, 70% of these women did not change their decisions about abortion despite the feelings of guilt, fear, anger, regret, suffering, shame, and loss(11-13). In the study by Doganer et al., half of the women stated that they would not have an abortion in case of a potential undesired pregnancy because of the thought that it 174 Bülent Çakmak et al. Opinion about elective abortion would be a sin(14). In the present study, it is also seen that the participants who are against abortion provided religion as the main reason for their objection (53.1%). Furthermore, 86.4% of the participants who were against abortion answered as "it may be performed only when necessary" rather than completely forbidding it. In a study analyzing the reasons for admission to legally elective abortion among the women who applied for elective abortion, the first reason was the thought of having enough children (33.3%). This was followed by financial reasons (20.5%), having a young child (15.4%), exposure to teratogen (11.5%), own request (9%), extramarital relations (3.8%), employment (2.6%), experiencing a difficult pregnancy before (1.3%), presence of a chronic disease (1.3%), and request of the partner (1.3%), respectively(15). In the present study, the first among the reasons for having an abortion among the women with a history of abortion was "health problems" (37.5%), followed by "undesired pregnancy" (26%), and "notice from the doctor that the baby would be disabled" (9.4%), respectively. It should also be kept in mind that the psychological trauma after elective abortion may also occur in the women if the health conditions of the procedural environment and pre- and post-abortion care are not sufficiently provided during the elective abortions, as well as addressing religious beliefs, such as the woman having physical health problems due to the impact of the social and cultural structure. In a study evaluating the problems and the levels of anxiety experienced by the women after elective abortion, it was reported that the most frequently reported complaint after abortion was pain (25.5%) and the second most frequently reported complaint was the sorrow due to the loss of the baby (15.4%). Moreover, it was also emphasized that the pre-procedure anxiety scores were higher than the postprocedure scores(16). Psychological trauma was observed much severe among women, especially when the abortion was not legal(17). Limitations of the Study The results cannot be generalized to the community since the study included only the women who applied to the university hospital. It is believed that studies that employ proper sampling methods representative of the community should be conducted in order to evaluate the opinions of women in the community about elective abortion in a more correct manner. Conclusion In conclusion, a majority of the participants has reported that they have a negative opinion about elective abortion, whereas a similar rate of the participants has stated that abortion may be performed in case of necessity. In conclusion, the authors believe that the opinions of the women should be evaluated by community-based studies as preparing legal regulations on situations that can affect the public health such as abortion, and the adverse medical outcomes due to abortion under unhealthy conditions if forbidden should also be considered. Bülent Çakmak et al. Opinion about elective abortion References 1. WHO: Abortion Policies: A Global Review. (WHO/RHT/97/20), Geneva, 1997. 2. Coşkun A, Tekin N. Doğum sayısı, gebelik yaşı ve aralığının ana ve çocuk sağlığına olan etkisi. II. Ulusal Hemşirelik Kongresi Bildirileri, İzmir, 1990. 3. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Nüfus Etütleri Enstitüsü. Türkiye Nüfus ve Sağlık Araştırması 2008. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Hastaneleri Basımevi, Ankara, 2009. 4. Dünya Sağlık Örgütü. Dünya Sağlık Raporu 1998. Cenevre; 1998 Çeviri ed. Bekir Metin, Ayşe Akın, İzgi Güngör Ankara; 1998. 5.http://www.saglik.gov.tr/TR/belge/1-462/rg-tarihi27051983--rgsayisi18059-2827-sayili-nufus-pla-.html (Erişim tarihi: 30/03/2014). 6. Gelegen DG. Tartışma: Kürtaj: cinayet süsü verilmiş bir intihar mı? Fe Dergi 2011;3:65-71. 7. Baykan Z, Çetinkaya F, Naçar M, Poyrazoğlu S. 18-49 yaş evli kadınların istemli düşüğe bakış açıları, halk sağlığı etkinlikleriHASUDER, 15. Ulusal Halk Sağlığı Kongresi, Bursa, 2012. 8. Altıparmak S, Çiçeklioğlu M, Yıldırım G. Abortion and ethics. Cumhuriyet Med J 2009;31:84-90. 9. Bilgin NÇ, Tunç GÇ, Kaya FG, Kılıç M, Potur DÇ, Aydınoğlu N. Üniversite öğrencilerinin isteyerek düşüğe yönelik bilgi ve tutumlarının değerlendirilmesi, Halk Sağlığı Etkinlikleri- HASUDER, 15. Ulusal Halk Sağlığı Kongresi, Bursa, 2012. J Turk Soc Obstet Gynecol 2014;3:170-5 10. Tokuça B, Berberoğlu U, Saraçoğlu GV, Çelikkalp Ü. Opinions of health college students on premarital sex, induced abortions and contraceptive use of young people. Turk J Public Health 2011;9:166-73. 11.Kero A, Lalos A. Ambivalence, a logical response to legal abortion: a prospective study among women and men. J Psychosom Obstet Gynaecol 2000;21:81-91. 12.Kero A, Högberg U, Lalos A. Legal abortion: a painful necessity. Soc Sci Med 2001;53:1481-90. 13.Gülnar D, Sunay D, Çaylan A. Risk factors related with postpartum depression. Türkiye Klinikleri J Gynecol Obst 2010;20:141-8. 14. Doğaner G, Bilgiç D, Doğaner A, Umut ÜF, Kürk H, Çelik E. Attitudes and knowledge related to the emergency contraception of the women aged 15-49. DEUHYO ED 2011;4:159-64. 15.Yıkılkan H, Dilbaz B, Kestel Z. Assessment of the patients who applied to family planning unit for legal abortion. Smyrna Medical Journal 2012;2:10-4. 16.Terzioğlu F, Zeyneloğlu S, Vefikuluçay YD, Türk R, Gözükara F, Taşkin L. The problems and anxiety levels of women who had elective or therapeutic abortion. Hacettepe University Faculty of Health Sciences Nursing Journal 2010;17:18-29. 17.Şahin S, Cevahir R, Sözeri C. The evaluation of the women applying for delibrate abortion to the Sakarya Maternal and Child Care Hospital. FSHD 2006;1:17-32. 175


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