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In recognition of the important role played by the state´s news media in improving public understanding of key legal issues, The Missouri Bar annually presents its "Excellence in Legal Journalism Awards."
Three separate awards are presented by the state bar - one each for the print media, radio and television - in recognition of individual stories, series or editorials which meet one or more of the following criteria:
Media representatives are invited to identify members of the news media - either within their own organization or elsewhere - who have performed exceptional work within the general criteria outlined above. Self-nominations are also encouraged. Individual reporters or entire news organizations which have performed notable work in improving public knowledge of the legal system are eligible.
Copies of pertinent articles, audiotapes or videotapes should accompany all nominations. In addition, letters in support of nominations are encouraged. These letters should set out the content of the item(s) and indicate their significance to the citizens of their area or the state as a whole. Any follow-up or reaction to the item(s) should be summarized, as well. Final selection of the winners will be determined by the President of The Missouri Bar with the assistance of The Missouri Bar´s Executive Committee.
Two Missouri journalists received Excellence in Legal
Journalism Awards from The Missouri Bar during the 150th Annual Missouri Press
Association Convention, Oct. 1, 2016, at the Chateau on the Lake in Branson.
Jackie Rehwald, causes reporter for the Springfield News-Leader, was recognized
for the article "Behind
Bars For Just Thinking? As the Missouri Supreme Court prepares to decide his
fate, the News-Leader investigates Blaec Lammers' case."
The story focuses on the case of Blaec Lammers, who may have
inadvertently confessed to a crime he had no intention of committing. While
written and published in print, the online
version of her article features well-produced new media elements including
photography, video interviews, evidence photos and even interrogation videos, which
immerse the reader into the detailed story. The piece also shines a light on
the larger challenges the criminal justice system faces when it comes to the
mentally ill.
"There were so many investigative reports, court documents
and videos related to the Blaec Lammers case. I spent a lot of time submitting
Sunshine requests, waiting for a response and then driving to Bolivar to pick
them up," Rehwald said of the story. "The response [to the piece] was mixed. I
had one caller accuse me of trying to free a terrorist. For the most part, the
response was positive. I heard from many who said the story got them thinking
that maybe Lammers shouldn't be serving a 15-year sentence – that maybe much of
what they heard about Lammers in the national media wasn't accurate. When
Lammers' mother shared the story on Facebook, she wrote, 'Thank you, Jackie,
for not treating my son like an animal.' That meant a lot to me."
Hanna Smith, a reporter with the Christian County Headliner News, was also
recognized with an Excellence in Legal Journalism Award for the ongoing "Wheels
of Justice" series, which was created to help readers better understand how the
court system works. The series has tackled topics such as check restitution,
post-conviction relief, victim advocates, drug courts, and a profile of county
bailiffs and court security.
"People tend to fear what they don't understand, and the
justice system is a very intricate, difficult world for anyone to comprehend," Smith
said of the series. "It's also not uncommon for a reader to email me following
a story I've written about a criminal case. Sometimes they are quite angry
about the story because they don't understand the process of charges,
prosecution and sentencing. I always reply to these emails with explanations of
how the justice system works and sometimes refer them to a 'Wheels of Justice'
story that applies to their question. Typically, the person who was confused
and angry thanks me after."
Each year, The Missouri Bar honors up to three journalists with the Excellence in Legal Journalism Awards. The Missouri Bar is a statewide organization that is dedicated to improving the legal profession, the law and the administration of justice for all Missourians. Created in 1944 by order of the Supreme Court of Missouri, it serves all 30,000 of Missouri's practicing attorneys. To achieve its mission, The Missouri Bar provides a wide range of services and resources to its members, as well as the media, educators and the citizens of Missouri. To learn more about The Missouri Bar, visit www.mobar.org and www.MissouriLawyersHelp.org.
Questions? Click here to contact us
Paid for by The Missouri Bar Sebrina Barrett, Executive Director PO Box 119 Jefferson City, MO 65102

subset: commoncrawl


text:
49,025pages onAdd New Page
this wiki
this wiki
A gradak is a tusked animal lifeform native to planet Triex. They are considered dangerous beasts; an ancestor of Lieutenant Arex Na Eth was mutilated by a gradak, leaving him with only two arms and two legs. (NF - No Limits short story: "The Road to Edos")


text:
Monday, March 31, 2008
Shutting down my blog
Signing off,
43 comments :
Oh my goodness. Please don't stop blogging. I check your blog several times daily to see whats going on with you guys.
I really hope that this isn't due to people leaving nasty comments as has occured on other sites.
Renee you are a very special and strong lady and I really admire you.
Please reconsider. If all hope is lost I will still be checking in on Kennedy thru her Carepage.
Loyal Reader
Vicky in Australia
- Tuesday, April 1, 2008 at 1:10:00 AM MDT
Well you can see I was so shocked I didn't even look at the picture before I left my comment. Well done you got me!!!!!!!
- Tuesday, April 1, 2008 at 1:11:00 AM MDT
- momof4as said...
Ha ha ha you got me too... 'course it's 4:18 am... up with Miss Ava... whew I'm relieved though!
- Tuesday, April 1, 2008 at 2:20:00 AM MDT
- Christina said...
Don't do that! ROFL.....I was reading this like, isn't this the girl that tells me she is addicted to blogging?! LOL
- Tuesday, April 1, 2008 at 4:30:00 AM MDT
And I'm still half asleep so I SAW the picture and it still didn't register, lol.
Happy AF Day to you guys too!
- Tuesday, April 1, 2008 at 4:37:00 AM MDT
- Debbie Yost said...
Great minds think alike! You didn't get me ONLY because I was planning on doing the exact same thing today! Yours was much better than how I had it in my head with the little picture link. Have a great day and watch out for all those Special Kids and the jokes they've been planning all week for you!
- Tuesday, April 1, 2008 at 5:04:00 AM MDT
- Michelle said...
UGH! Don't DO that to people! Happy AF :)
- Tuesday, April 1, 2008 at 5:44:00 AM MDT
- Karen said...
Girl, you're lucky I just wanted to see your kids one last time and clicked on that picture. I was about to delete you right out of my reader! (I'm organized like that.) Good one.
- Tuesday, April 1, 2008 at 5:56:00 AM MDT
- mom2natnkatncj said...
Hahahahaha, you got me Renee. I was thinking here I just started blogging and now she's going to stop! Glad you're able to have a sense of humor though with the rotten news you got.
- Tuesday, April 1, 2008 at 6:09:00 AM MDT
Ok I have to just plead my case...
Really this is the only way I will be able to keep up with you and all your K's. I know you have your other sites but truth be told If it's not on my RSS I don't look at it. So anyways if there is any hope of reconsidering Please do! H
- Tuesday, April 1, 2008 at 6:12:00 AM MDT
- rae said...
LOL... cute. Happy April Fools.
- Tuesday, April 1, 2008 at 6:20:00 AM MDT
- Jennifer said...
Hmmm... I may have to steal this idea. Maybe I'll tweak it a little to make it at least a little different, but we have different readers so maybe I can pull it off. Oh, you're good. I was immediately disappointed and feeling for you. Nice!
- Tuesday, April 1, 2008 at 6:30:00 AM MDT
- amy flege said...
great one renee!!!!!!!! happy april fools day!
- Tuesday, April 1, 2008 at 6:43:00 AM MDT
- Kristen said...
You stinker! I was sitting here going NOOOOOOOOOO!!!
- Tuesday, April 1, 2008 at 7:01:00 AM MDT
- Kim said...
Good one.
- Tuesday, April 1, 2008 at 7:04:00 AM MDT
- ~Melissa~ said...
Oh you stinker - you had me going. I was really bummed!
- Tuesday, April 1, 2008 at 7:07:00 AM MDT
- Burgh Baby's Mom said...
You are NOT nice. Grrr.
- Tuesday, April 1, 2008 at 7:29:00 AM MDT
- Michelle said...
that was a good one :) My first thought was geesh that's kind of abrupt! and then I noticed the label said "fun stuff" and I wondered why you would label a good bye post fun stuff LOL
I told Joe I was going to put a pic of a positive pregnancy test on my blog this morning and see which of our mother's would call first LOL
- Tuesday, April 1, 2008 at 8:04:00 AM MDT
- Laura said...
I love a good joke...but my heart did sink...somedays your blog and a few others are my outside world...SAD huh'...*sigh*..that was good! Again I get caught up in the moment and somedays don't think about the date, I'm only ran by my appointments..LOL! You get the April fools award!
- Tuesday, April 1, 2008 at 8:32:00 AM MDT
- Beth said...
Oh my gosh! That's not funny! I was so upset reading this!
HAHA - can I steal this idea???
Glad to see you really aren't shutting down the blog - I love reading about your family!
- Tuesday, April 1, 2008 at 8:42:00 AM MDT
Ha, you totally got me. HA! H
- Tuesday, April 1, 2008 at 9:21:00 AM MDT
- somebody's mama said...
Wow Renee....I get your posts via RSS (at work shhhhh) and I didn't see the image, so imagine my surprise when I read your post.
Thank goodness it's just an April 1st prank.
I would miss you guys.
- Tuesday, April 1, 2008 at 9:53:00 AM MDT
- Tammy said...
As I was reading your blog, I was like "no, I love reading it everyday". You really had me going Renee!
- Tuesday, April 1, 2008 at 10:10:00 AM MDT
- Kacey Bode said...
Very Funny. I've been sick and have no clue what day it is and about had heart failure when I thought of not being able to keep up with Miss Kennedy and see her beautiful face!!! You definetly got me!
- Tuesday, April 1, 2008 at 12:23:00 PM MDT
- Shannon @ Gabi's World said...
You would have got me if the same thing didn't just happen to me over at Three Weddings! You ladies are so silly and sneaky!!
- Tuesday, April 1, 2008 at 12:29:00 PM MDT
- Shari said...
Renee: I was just getting ready to write you a sappy comment on how much you meant to me. You GOT me! Happy April Fools Day!
- Tuesday, April 1, 2008 at 1:00:00 PM MDT
- TheAngelForever said...
LOL - Good one Renee. I have to say I did a double take when I saw it in my Google Reader. . then I recalled what today is ;) As a teacher I cringed on this day.
The Angel Forever
- Tuesday, April 1, 2008 at 2:16:00 PM MDT
- StephthefutrRxDr said...
OMG I totally fell for it! SO glad ur not quitting your blog!
- Tuesday, April 1, 2008 at 3:20:00 PM MDT
that wasn't funny....
LOL - i was shocked and the relieved when I seen the picture.
- Tuesday, April 1, 2008 at 3:32:00 PM MDT
- Holly said...
Ha too funny!
- Tuesday, April 1, 2008 at 4:27:00 PM MDT
- The Journey Begins Here said...
I was so bummed. You got me good. Glad to hear that is was just a joke.
Love you, Theresa
- Tuesday, April 1, 2008 at 5:49:00 PM MDT
Well, I'm a little relieved, actually. I mean, if it was a funny blog that was entertaining at least, than yeah, keep blogging. But to sacrifice time with your little ones to just write this drivel hardly seems worth it. So, yes, I applaud the decision to stop blogging.
Give all the kids some hugs, now that you will have the time.
The picture isn't working so maybe post it again?
- Tuesday, April 1, 2008 at 6:06:00 PM MDT
- mom2noah said...
Got me good too! Happy Fool's back at you. I very much enjoy your humor.
- Tuesday, April 1, 2008 at 6:25:00 PM MDT
- Rebecca said...
Good one, dude. ;)
- Tuesday, April 1, 2008 at 6:30:00 PM MDT
just to clarify, my post up there was MY april fools joke back...not an ACTUAL dis. no offence was intended.
- Wednesday, April 2, 2008 at 7:56:00 AM MDT
- Mommy to those Special Ks said...
Yes, I'm a little overly sensitive sometimes (obviously). My apologies for not getting it.
- Wednesday, April 2, 2008 at 7:58:00 AM MDT
just so you know, I was horrified to see what happened. I thought it was so extreme no one would take it seriously. OOPS, sorry prob doesn't begin to cover it but I AM
Kelly ...off to hide from the lynchmob lol
- Wednesday, April 2, 2008 at 1:13:00 PM MDT
- Mommy to those Special Ks said...
LOL well there's lots of cruel nasty people out there in blogland and several of my friends have gotten attacked lately so I thought maybe it was my turn! LOL But I have to say, that was the best April Fools joke this year! It was the only one I fell for! haha
- Wednesday, April 2, 2008 at 3:21:00 PM MDT
- Stephanie said...
Renee, that was hilarious!!!!
- Wednesday, April 2, 2008 at 7:23:00 PM MDT
- Irene said...
Oh my you scared me. I haven't been reading many blogs the last couple days so when I scanned your post, I didn't realize that it was posted on April fool's day!
Honestly, with everything you have going on, I couldn't blame you if it was true. But I am so glad it isn't. I would miss seeing your cutie pie kiddos!!!
- Thursday, April 3, 2008 at 10:47:00 AM MDT
i definitely love your writing type, very exciting.
don't quit and also keep posting considering it simply well worth to follow it.
excited to browse additional of your current article content, thanks!
- Thursday, March 4, 2010 at 1:06:00 PM MST
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- Thursday, March 4, 2010 at 5:08:00 PM MST
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Hilary Swenson
- Thursday, August 12, 2010 at 1:57:00 AM MDT


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text:
Crystal: Thoughts
I continued to stare at the sword. That sword had been part of my past. It could be both good and evil depending on the holder. My gaze traveled back to the girl "I'm Crystal. If you need anything just call my name and I shall come." I turned around and was about to leave when I said over my shoulder to her. "Watch over that sword carefully. It's not something to be played with." I said even though she probably knew that already but I just needed to make sure that she wasn't going to do anything stupid with it.


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New Braunfels Herald Zeitung (Newspaper) - March 30, 1995, New Braunfels, Texas THURSDAYSeason shows soccer is the game of the future, Page 8 50 CENTS Inside Obituaries.......................................3 Opinion...........................................4 Comics............................................7 Sports Day......................................8 Marketplace............................11-14 Stammtisch Birthday wishes from tho Horald-Zoltung! The New Braunfels Herald-Zeitung extends birthday wishes to; Helen Vela, Marcos Rene Torres, Amanda Nicholson (six years), Kerby and Kelyn Zoeller. Happy belated birthday to James Farias. Happy anniversary to Mr. and Mrs. Jose P. Hernandez (21 years) and Mr. and Mrs Herbert Ormond (55 years). Good afternoon! Today's weather Cool and rainy, high about 68, low 50 Tomorrow continued cool with showers. Clearing and warmer by Saturday. Lotto Texas night's winning numbers 1,5,15, 20,37, $4 million jackpot -TEXflS- LOTTERV Hawing sat on Canyon Lake safety rules A public hearing will be held at the Canyon Lake Action Center, 1941 Hwy 2673, Canyon Lake, at 9 a rn April 11. regarding Water Safety Rules and Regulations affecting Canyon Lake Copies of Rules and Regulations will be available for review at the Bulverde Library, the Tye Preston Memorial Library, the Canyon Lake Action Center and the WORD Office Comal County Aggio Muster coming The 1995 Aggie Muster will be held Friday. April 21. at the New Braunfels Knights of Columbus Hall Fellowship will begin at 6 30 p m., with dinner starting at 7:15 p m Guest speaker for Muster will be Mr Donald Powell '56. director of business services for Texas A&M University and co-author of The Fightin* Texas Aggie Band, a comprehensive history of the Aggie Band from 1894 to the present Reservations can be made by calling 620-0704 Reservation deadlmo is Tuesday, April 18 Cost including dinner is $10 for adults and $6 for children age 11 and under Shoppers survey nears completion Southwest Texas State University and the New Braunfels Main Street Program would like to thank all area residents who responded to the recent shoppers questionnaire These surveys were distributed between March 10 and March 13 by the area banks and the local HEB By com pleting and returning the sur vey, you can help shape the future of Downtown New Braunfels Please mail surveys back by April 3. This. newspaper « pf ml fed on i ac ye ted ne*sp/irH One week left to register for May 6 elections Signing up to vote is easier than ever before By SUSAN FLYNT ENGLAND Staff Writer New Braunfels voters will have a lot of decisions to make May 6 - a lot of ways they can have a say in New Braunfels' future Those not yet registered to vote have until next ITiuin-day, Apnl 6, to register Residents who want to make their voices heard but aren't currently registered to vote have several options, said Deputy Voter Registrar karen Sachtleben 1) Register to vote at the Voter Registrar's office on tile first floor of the courthouse annex 2) Register to vote at the Ditthnger Memorial L ibrary. 3) Pick up a voter registration can.! at the Municipal Building and null it in postmarked April 6 or earlier 4) Register to vote when you renew your driver's license at the On the ballot Voters will decide the following ballot questions May 6 • City Council seat, Dist. I. Candidates aa* incumbent Ambrosin "Butch" Benitez and Juan Luis Martinez. • City Council seal. Dist. 2. Candidates aa* incumbent Mary Serold and C. Ray Schoch. • Half-cent sales tax increase. • Amendment to the City of New Braunfels Charter changing the way the mayor and city council members are elected. • Recall of l)ist 4 C ouncilman Paul t. Eraser • Two Comal Independent School Board seats Department of Public Safety at UHR Ilf-35 North 5) Registei to vote when >ou apply for a marriage license But however way you choose to register, be sure to do it by next Itiursday, April P. That's the deadline, no exceptions. Burglary busts a blow to local gang, sheriff says 14 pages in one section ■ Thursday, March 30.1995 Serving Comal County for more than 143 years ■ Home of HKLKN VELA Vol 143, No 99 By CRAIG HAMMETT Staff Writer Two suspects have been arrested and charged in connection with a series of burglancs in the Astro Hills subdivision in Canyon Lake. Sheriff's Office investigators arrested Juan Jimenez, Jr., 21 of Cibolo, and Shen Sue May, 25, of Canyon Lake. The two arc being held in the Comal County Jail. Jimenez has been charged with two counts of burglary of a habitation with bonds totaling $100,000 and May has been charged with one count of burglary and is being held on a $50,000 bond. Other charges, including organized crime and felony criminal mischief are being prepared, according to Sheriff s OtYice officials, who are trying to combat gang activity in the county. Jimenez claims to be the organizer and leader of the Chicano Vano Gangsters which is reported to have operated in the New Braunfels. Seguin. Cibolo and McQueeney area, reported the Sheriff s Office. They said Jimenez is known by the street name of "The Duke of Earl'' and has eluded police both on toot and by vehicle on numerous occasions. "This is the first formal gang operation detected in Comal County, and we have broken its back." said Sher-itTJaek Bremer in a Sheriffs Office 'This is tbs first formal gang operation detected in Comal County, and we have broken its back.' — Sheriff Jack Bremer statement. "By filing multiple charges against the leader of the gang. Juan Jimenez, we are putting on notice any other gang members, gang leaders or gang wannabes that we will use all of our department's resources, state and Federal statutes, Gang Task Force officers and anything else available to make them pay severely for their cnminal activities. You don't want to be a member of a cnminal gang in this county .'' According to the Shenff s Office. Comal and Guadalupe County officers had attempted to serve arrest warrants on Jimenez repeatedly over the past week. When officers armed at his residence Tuesday around 2 p.m., the man reportedly spotted the officers, ran through the house, jumped a fence and attempted to hide in a neighbor's house Officers followed the suspect into the residence, found him hiding in the back bathroom shower, and arrested him without incident. Train clips car at San Antonio St. crossing, but no one hurt the rear end of the car. Wonimack said. "She said she didn't hear the signal because the car radio was on," he said. The intersection does not have harpers that low er in front of the cars, but it is well marked. Wonimack said. Cordero was charged with disregarding a railroad crossing signal, Womniack said. By SUSAN FLYNT ENGLAND Staff Writer Two narrowly escaped injury w hen their car was hit by a train at the railroad crossing on San Antonio Street last night, said New Braunfels Police Lieutenant John Wommack. Driver Sylvia Cordero tned to beat the train signal, Wonimack said. She and a front seat passenger were unhurt because the train only clipped When doctors diagnosed former President Ronald Reagan as suffering from the early stages of Alzheimer's Disease, much national attention was focused not only on him but on the disease itself. At Colonial Manor Care Center in New Braunfels, an Alzheimer's Unit is opening soon that people there hope will not only help patients hut increase awareness about the disease "Our goal is to become the Alzheimer's and LX*mentia center in the area," said Mary Hughes, the program director. Many people do not know the facts about Alzheimer's which causes dementia, a gradual degradation of the brain. In fact, scientists don't really know the cause of Alzheimer's or have a cure, but tests have shown scientists may be able to detect a gene that could warn people of the possibility. "It's the most common" she said of Alzheimer's. ''The percentage is higher as you get older " Hughes said family members are usually the first to notice something is wrong, the frequent forgetfulness, the changes iii behavior Alzheimer's progresses faster titan other types of dementia-related diseases. What was once considered becoming simply senile is now known to be caused by disease in many cases And with people living longer on average, more cases are detected "It was once thought of as old-timers New Braunfels Herald-Zc Vc/016 10/22/99 bQ-WE&7 MICROpublxsh >ANDELL DR J;■ ^AS>0, TX 79903- A New Standard Of Care Colonial Manor opens new Alzheimer's unit By CRAIG HAMMETT Staff Writer Hefaki Zeitung photo by MICHAEL DARNALL Th* new Alzheimer's and Dementia unit at Colonial Manor provides a home-like atmosphere. disease," she said. ''...Dementia is not a natural progressive process of growing old" The new wing will provide care for 26 people with Alzheimer's and related illnesses and only those who can walk. The patients must be diagnosed by doctors as having this type of illness. The unit includes patient rooms, a dining room, kitchen, activity room and enclosed patio. Numerous staff will provide v ani his services such as counseling for families. The unit would also like to educate anyone on the effects of the disease As the number of patients with diseases such as Alzheimer's increases, more and more special services will have to be provided Units such as these must be specially approved through the state, and doors must be made secure. Hughes explained that Alzheimer's patients typically tend to become contused and wander. As the brain decreases in size, patients need more constant care. What is often frustrating for many patients is that the body is often healthy while the mind is slowly deteriorating Many patients lose their short-term memory before then long-term "We're going to have a lot of Glenn Miller records," she said "Many of the patients tend to go back to when they were young They can't remember if they had breakfast, hut they can remember that." The Plaza bandstand Crop duster was low on fuel By SUSAN FLYNT ENGLAND Staff Writer Loop 337 became a runway yesterday afternoon when Joe Fielding used it to land his crop duster. Pickling, of Eakly, Okla., was en route to Harlingen when he ran low on fuel. said New Braunfels Police Lieutenant John Wommack. ''The highway was better than some airports Eve landed at," Pickling said. Pickling circled New Braunfels several rimes looking for the New Braunfels Airport but couldn't see it, he said. He made a smooth landing and moved his plane off the highway, so no automobile accidents occurred, Wommack Pilot Joe Fleeing refuses medical attention et the scene. said. New Braunfels Police officers armed on the scene just a few minutes after Pickling landed. Three officers responded to the call, said Wommack. Police and Federal Aviation Administration officials questioned Pickling and found that he did not have proper medical authorization on the plane. Wommack said. Another pilot was found who could fly the plane to the New Braunfels Airport to refuel. This is the second time a plane has landed on a New Braunfels street, Wommack said. "I can remember a time that a small plane landed on the frontage road north of town," he said. "Back then it wasn't in the city limits, but it would be now." Herald-Zattu rig photo by MICHAEL DARNALL Loop 337 became a runway for a single-prop plane yesterday. Hera, th# plana takas off again after being refueled. Plane lands on Loop 337For more information on subscriptions, news or advertising, call 625-9144 i A A ;
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Category:Fawley, Buckinghamshire
English: Fawley is a village and civil parish in Wycombe district in the southwestern corner of Buckinghamshire, England. It is on the boundary between Buckinghamshire and Oxfordshire, about seven miles west of Great Marlow and north of Henley-on-Thames.
This category has the following 5 subcategories, out of 5 total.
- ► Fawley Court, Buckinghamshire (1 C, 14 F)
- ► Henley Boat Races (1 F)
- ► Henley Royal Regatta (2 C, 48 F)
- ► River Thames at Fawley (2 C, 3 F)
Media in category "Fawley, Buckinghamshire"
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Nicholas is a talented, British Visual Effects Artist working within film industry. He has traveled all over the world working on titles such as Man of Steel, The Hobbit and Harry Potter. He grew up in a small Welsh town called Swansea. From a young age Nicholas was fascinated with computer generated characters and creatures brought to life on the... See full bio »


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New Braunfels Herald Zeitung (Newspaper) - June 12, 1980, New Braunfels, Texas New Braunfels, TexasHeralt -Zeitung Vol. 89 - No. 24 June 12,1980 188 Pages — 25 Cents (USPS 377-880) City nixes resolution supporting chamber Robert Johnson By a 3-2 vote, City Council Monday defeated « resolution which would have supported tile Chamber of Commerce's position opposing new crushed stone operations in Comal County. Council members Max Winkler, Laverne Eberhard and O.A. (Skip) Stratemann Jr. voted against Mayor Pro Tern Barbara Tieken's resolution backing the chamber's position. Tieken and Councilman Joe Rogers cast the "aye" votes, and Councilman Gerald Schaefer was absent. Feeling they do more environmental harm than economic good, the chamber's board of directors at its May 13 meeting voted to oppose establishment of any new rock crushing plants along the Balcones Escarpment in the county. Council tabled action on the chamber resolution at its last meeting May 26. Both Stratemann and City Attorney Irvin Boamet felt supporting the resolution could be interpreted as a violation of civil rights statutes, while Winkler argued the resolution had no place on the agenda. Stratemann, who said he personally backed the resolution "IOO percent," added he wasn't sure council had the right to take a stand on it. "ITI stand on the street corner, ITI stand up in the tower of the Courthouse and express it all day long, but I don't know whether we have the right to take this resolution on behalf of the city," he said. He read a section on civil rights liability from the Handbook for Mayor* amt Counciltnember* in Hoiue Hut# published by Texas Municipal League. The handbook states a section of the U.S. Code "makes all persons, coun-cilmembers included, personally liable for damages if their acts result in depriving others of their civil rights—whether or not such acts were made in good faith." liability is not limited "to the direct infliction of physical injury to persons or property," Stratemann read. Other public policy decisions could expose council members to a liability action, and the handbook cited an examine CITY, Page ZA f _ Staff photo by John Sinter Perfect form A young diver springs off the board while executing sweltering heat drew many people to the spring fed the proper form for an olympic belly-flop. Tuesday's swimming pool at landa Park, Home delivery coming Stuff photo Portions of New Braunfels will soon be having the HiraidZe it any delivered to their homes, circulation manager Jim I a* hi na ii said this week. Selected areas of the city will receive home delivery beginning with the June 19 issue, and the entire city should be receiving the paper from a newspaper carrier instead of through the mail by July 24, Ixdunan said. Stating he would begin interviewing young people interested in delivering the lh raidZeituny next week, tollman plans to divide the city into approximately 30 routes. In addition, nine rural routes will serve the entire county except for the Fischer area, which will continue to receive the paper through the mail, he indicated. Young people ages 12 and older may apply for a route in the city, Lehman said. Rural routes will necessitate hiring adults, since they must be handled by car, he added. The Hi raid Zeituny will become a daily publication Sunday, Aug. 3. ljehmun said he hoped by that tune the home delivery system would be in full operation. Home delivery will be a boon to areas in the county that currently don't receive the newspaper until the day after publication, he indicated. I .etui tan said the circulation department initially plans to install delivery tubes free of charge to rural residents. The Herald Zntuny * first circulation manager, Lehman is a native of New York City. A Navy veteran, the 37-year-old Lehman served as zone manager for the San Antonio iiyht for seven years before joining the Herald Zeituny. JIM LEHMAN .. circulation manager Car pod/gS3SS? Commuters concerned about the high cost of fuel have an ally in the State Department of Highways and Public Transportation. As an energy conservation measure, the department has opened two parking lots here for use by individuals who car pool. A lot with 48 spaces is located south of town at FM 482 and IH 35. This area is for persons going to San Antonio. Another lot for individuals car pooling to Seguin, San Marcos and Austin has been opened at Canyon Middle School. This area has space for 30 vehicles. Eventually lights will be installed at both locations. "We encourage people who car pool to go to these locations and leave their car rather than a driver traveling around town picking up riders," Bob Hasert, district engineer with the highway department, said. Hasert said the lots have been open for one and one-half weeks, but few persons have discovered them to date. He acknowledged some car-poolers park at other locations such as the Walnut Square parking lot, which is all right, "but we feel some are not pooling yet." The engineer stressed the department is not building the lots to compete with people in the parking business. A lot at IH 35 and FM 1604 was one of the first built by the department as an energy conservation measure, he said. Originally it had space for 45 vehicles. Growing use made it necessary to double the size. Such lots are in service in all cities surrounding San Antonio, Hasert said, and plans are to construct another lot at FM 3009 (Natural Bridge Caverns Road) and IH 35 where many persons now park at a business establishment. Car pool parking lot at FM 482 and IH 35 South has space for 48 cars 3*41^ ■ i&a# " * •» » ' i AFive charter amendments on city ballot Local voters will do more than just decide City Council races Aug. 9, as fluoridation and four other amendments to the city charter also will be on the ballot. Council members Monday approved the ordinance placing these items on the Aug. 9 ballot. At the urging of Councilman Gerald Schaefer, council voted last Nov. 26 to ask city voters whether or not they wanted fluoridation of the city water supply. Introducing fluoride into the water would help harden children's teeth and lessen their chances for having cavities, two dentists said at that meeting. Although fluoridation has received more publicity, council members apparently consider passage of Amendment IV as their number one priority. That amendment would allow newly elected council members to take office one month after election. Currently, council members are elected in August but take office in November. As a result, a defeated or retiring council member would serve as a lame duck for three months before being replaced. Amendment IV would change that. It would provide that newly elected council members take office the first meeting of the month following the election. If that amendment passes, council members would take office Sept. 8 instead of Nov. IO. ''Amendment IV is the primary reason we're asking the charter be amended," Mayor Donnie Seay said. Council elections were held on the second Tuesday in September until 1976. In 1975, the 64th legislature passed a law (which became effective July 1,1976) standardizing dates for municipal elections. As a result, city elections were shifted to the nearest permissable date—the second Saturday in August. The change concerning when council members take office is also incorporated into Amendment III, which states that council members shall be elected by majority (rather than plurality) vote. Amendment ll is a housekeeping item dealing with the same subject. The charter currently provides for city elections on the second Tuesday in September, although the legislature's action made that point moot. Amendment II would change that provision to read that council elections be held "in accordance with the laws of the State of Texas regulating the holding of municipal elections." Amendment I would change the manner in which the council fills vacancies. Currently, the council can either call a special election or merely proceed with the vacancy if it occurs less than 60 days from a regular election. If passed, Amendment I would allow council to appoint a successor to fill the vacancy until the next regular election. "Amendment I bothers me," Mayor Pro Tem Barbara Tieken said. Tieken, who cast the only "no" vote against the ordmance calling the charter election, felt a council appointee would have a built-in advantage at the next election. Special elections are expensive, and most cities appoint someone to fill vacancies, City Manager E.N. Delashmutt said. Appointing to fill a vacancy fills it more quickly, he added. ;
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If your a fan of beautiful ladies in flirty bikinis, the Rip Curl My Bikini Calendar might just be for you. This sexy wall calendar features pro-surfer and head-turner, Alana Blanchard, with the company of her gorgeous beach lounging friends. These luscious women sport stylish two pieces and sumptuous swimwear among white sand beaches, lush jungle and turquoise waters so each and every month you have incredible "scenery" to enjoy.
Product Features
- 12 month Calendar
- Date Boxes for Notes
- Hangs 17" tall x 11" wide
Write Your Own Review
Returns are easy! We understand that in some situations returns or exchanges may be necessary. We also want you to be stoked on your purchase. If you are not 100% satisfied with your purchase you may return it for a full refund, or exchange within 30 days of receiving your order. Items must be in new condition with original tags and packaging.
Please make sure your wetsuit fits before taking it in the water. We are not able to take returns or exchanges on used wetsuits.
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text:
if Statement
if (condition) statement;
if (condition) { zero to many statements; }
Causes "one thing" to occur when a specified condition is met.
The one thing may be a single statement or a block of statements in curly braces. The remainder of the code (following the
if and the statement or block it owns) is then executed regardless of the result of the condition.
The conditional expression is placed within parentheses.
The following flowchart shows the path of execution:


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Solar Winds by kkartWatch
©2012-2017 kkart
Went and photographed the eclipse the other evening and didn't see much of it as mother nature had other plans for us. Standing here watching the eclipse sunset over the front range of the Colorado Rockies Sunday night was an amazing experience. The drama created from the verga (rain which evaporates before hitting the ground) only added to the atmosphere and made for an incredible display of light with casting sunbeams of golden color covering the valley. I photographed this using my Sony a550's HDR in camera HDR ability backed up by a CPL, ND8 and Grad ND which made for a long exposure of about 1 second and in doing so really intensified the light and color of the scene. I am just grateful to have been able to witness and photograph an amazing event and evening.
Follow me and my work on the sites below!
G+ | facebook | twitter | flickr | redbubble | photoblog | website
Follow me and my work on the sites below!
G+ | facebook | twitter | flickr | redbubble | photoblog | website
Love the vivid colours. Thanks for sharing the experience with us
You have such an eye for sunsets!
the lighting is absolutely amazing, looks epic.
Gorgeous sunset. I love the vivid colors. Thanks for sharing.
Gorgeous shot!
Beautiful lighting and dancing clouds.
wow great
Beautiful shot!
Great shot.
Great shot
Stunning shot
This is wonderful! Omigosh
How right the title is! Look at the clouds! They look exactly like a big sailboat roaming through waves!
Great colours and contrasts!
stunning sky
its not natural,its manipulated
great work
nicely done!
really good
you have actually to be grateful for that!
"Hey! Marvin! I'm a cloud" "We're all clouds Gary! Shut up, you're so annoying"
This is Gorgeous!!
Wow! Lucky you! This pic is nice! I bet seeing this in person was even better
Fire on the mountains too.
Nicely done.
it's obvious there's a good amount of saturation here, but nonetheless the scene is picturesque. nice shot.
Thanks, glad ya like it! Not to much as far as post work saturation but my polarizer does have a warming quality to it
Colorado and Montana = FREAKING FAIRYTALE LANDS
such a pretty pic
beautiful photo
pretty lovely colours!
I can't get over how amazing this photo is!
Great colors, and very sharp. Great job.
Beautiful, beautiful photograph.
Where is this? So beautiful!
How many exposures does the in-camera HDR take - 3?
Does it produce a clean image, or one which contains halos, etc which need to be cleaned up in post-processing?
Does it produce a clean image, or one which contains halos, etc which need to be cleaned up in post-processing?


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|1,960 sq. ft.
|Property type
|Minimum Stay
|3 - 5 nights
Beautiful & Spacious 4BR 3BA Pool Home with 2 Master Suites in popular Vacation Resort "LAKE BERKLEY" and close to DISNEY!
The home offers it's guests 1 King Master bed room featuring a private bath with a separate walk in shower and tub, 1 Queen master bed room with private bath and 2 Twin rooms with two single beds each and a shared bath room.
TV's in master bed rooms.
This spacious home boasts 2 Living and 2 Dining areas. It also has a fully equipped kitchen and washer and dryer for your convenience.
This house has everything needed also for our smallest guest: crib, high chair and stroller are provided!
LAKE BERKLEY Resort offers many great amenities:
*gated entry-security guard on duty
*Clubhouse with Fitness Room
*Community Pool, Hot Tub and Kids Splash Pool Area
*Picnic and BBQ Areas
*Table Tennis
*Jogging/Walking Trail
*Lake with Fishing Pier
....and more
Located only 10 minutes away from Disney this is a great place to vacation!
Pool Heat (electric) is available at an extra cost. please inquire with us before booking
Parking of RV's, Trailers or buses is not allowed in the Resort - only drop-off and pick up.
We stayed on the property for two weeks. We loved Lake Berkley and the area but the house did not meet our expectations. Overall the size of the house was perfect but we did not find the house was clean and the supplies in the house were old and very used. The carpets were very dirty (I had to walk around with socks on), it was very dusty and dirty in corners and along the walls. My daughter dropped a toy behind the couch and when we pulled out the couch there was moldy food under it. She also dropped a toy between the bed and wall and I ended up throwing it out because it was covered in dust. The toilet paper holders were all broken and one was even tapped back together, half of the lights didn't work. There were 6 of us staying there and there were only 5 towels and 2 facecloths. When I called they did drop off two more towels but I ended up having to purchase more towels and facecloths. We stayed at other houses in Lake Berkley before that were much more cleaner and visitor friendly then this one. All the kitchen/cooking supplies are very old and very used. The house has great potential, it just needs to be kept up more. Upon arrival the recycling bin was full of things that were not recyclable. When we called about it we were told "just don't recycle." We also called about the lights but nothing was done about that, took two days for someone to answer the phone. Not the service or house I expected for that price.
We truly had an awesome time. The home was nice and clean. The area was so clean. My son and I walked around the community....just gorgeous. I recommend families to stay in this lovely home. It is well worth the money
Nice home no more than 20 min from any of the attractions. It had plenty of large dry towel but only 2 wash towel. We had to go to Walmart (right up the street :-) )to get some. There was 9 in our party and a baby. House was large so we weren't on top of each other. We enjoyed the pool and our stay.
My family and I (8 people in total) had the time of our lives in this house in Orlando! The house is great: very clean, spacious, nicely decorated and had everything we needed for our 10-day-vacation! The resort is very safe and quiet, charming and well located! We decided to cook some days and more cooking pans would have helped, but this is just a minor point we have easily managed to cope with! Besides, Michaela was always very quick and helpful to answer our requests. I do recommend this place!
Our family spent a wonderful week at this property in September 2014. The house was in great condition, very clean and in a perfect location for us (45 minutes to Legoland, 15 minutes to Seaworld, 25 minutes to Disney), Walmart around the corner. We did enjoy the large kitchen, and especially the pool - great to cool down after a day spent in the heat at the parks.
Michaela was a great host. She was very accommodating with my request to change the booking dates due to a family emergency, and I'd like to thank her again for this.
We'll definitely book this Lake Berkley property again in the future.
LEGOLAND Florida


text: Hello Kitty - Girls' Scooter $5.00 $9.97 + $0.97 Shipping See Deal About this Deal 97¢ shipping Flag this deal Edit deal What's the matter? Choose a reason Dead deal Duplicate Bad link Spam Inaccurate No value Alive again Comments (3) deby32953 Mar 21, 2013 Carolina will look so cute in this! "PINK ALERT!!" Reply Cancel rockinnrolla Mar 20, 2013 Only in red and size 14/16 but if that's the size you need SUPER price. :) Reply Cancel FibroMom Mar 20, 2013 @rockinnrolla It IS a deal indeed if you need that size - didn't notice that was all that was available when I posted it, though. :( Reply Cancel Load More Comments


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Re: Hiking the cactus ...
Expand Messages
- Thank you Juergen.
I would love to see your pano once it's ready.
Send us a line as soon as you can publish it.
I love desert landscapes.
Hope to shot some at sunset in a couple of months.
Best regards form Mexico City.
Roberto Gómez Torres
Tiempo Digital
Mexico City, Mexico
9a. Re: Hiking the cactus ...
Posted by: "Juergen Schrader" panorama@... jrgen_schrader
Sat Sep 29, 2007 6:56 pm (PST)
nice shot, roberto.
that reminds me of a similar one i did last week of "real life"
saguaros at picacho peak near tucson, az. unfortunately i can't
publish it right now because im still on my way and processing time
and computer time are very limited for me :)
but will remeber to do so maybe in 3 weeks.
best juergen
Your message has been successfully submitted and would be delivered to recipients shortly.


text: GEOLOGICAL JOURNAL Geol. J. 34: 303±319 (1999) Stratigraphy and pre-Miocene tectonic evolution of the southwestern part of the Sivas Basin, Central Anatolia, Turkey . . . . KADIR DIRIK, 1* M. CEMAL GOÈNCUÈOGÆLU 1 and HUÈSEYIN KOZLU 2 1Department of Geological Engineering, Middle East Technical University, TR-06531 Ankara, Turkey TuÈrkiye Petrolleri A.O. (TPAO) Genel MuÈduÈrluÈgÆuÈ, Arama Grubu, MuÈdafaa Caddesi No. 86, Esentepe, TR-06520 Ankara, Turkey 2 In central Anatolia there are several important basins developed mainly after closure of the northern branch of Neotethys. These are the Haymana, TuzgoÈluÈ, UlukõsË la, Kõzõlõrmak, CËankõrõ-CËorum and Sivas basins. The Sivas Basin is located in the eastern part of central Anatolia between the Central Anatolian Crystalline Complex (CACC) in the north and Taurides in the south. The basement to the southeastern part of the basin consists of recrystallized limestone and clastics of the Permian±Lower Cretaceous BuÈnyan Metamorphics. These units are overlain by an Upper Cretaceous ophiolitic olistostrome that is overthrust by ophiolites and high pressure±low temperature metamorphic rocks. Lower Palaeocene cover units unconformably overlie this sequence. The basement to the northwestern part is constituted by CACC that includes a high temperature±low pressure polymetamorphic succession of Palaeozoic±Mesozoic age, overthrust by ophiolites and intruded by Upper Cretaceous post-collisional granitoids and syenitoids. The uppermost Maastrichtian±Palaeocene continental to shallow marine (lagoonal) unit unconformably overlies this unit. Upper Cretaceous±Palaeocene siltstone, shale, pelagic limestone, volcaniclastic rocks and basic volcanic rock intercalations of a within-continental-plate eruptive setting have also been developed on the basement unit. These sequences represent the products of an extensional episode during Late Cretaceous±Palaeocene times in the region between the Taurides and CACC. The Middle Eocene is represented by a regional transgression which was followed by a compressional episode evidenced by thrust faults at the margins and continued regression in the central part of the basin. This compressional period continued up to the end of the Early Miocene. Units formed during this episode are overlain by Upper Miocene±Quaternary continental units intercalated with volcanic rocks formed in fault-controlled extensional basins. It is suggested that the palaeotectonic events were the result of terminal closure of the northern branch of Neotethys. However, the neotectonic events are the result of the collision of the Arabian Plate and Anatolides which causes a westward escape of the Anatolian Plate. Copyright # 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. KEY WORDS Sivas Basin; intracontinental basin; within-continental-plate eruptive setting; transpression; transtension 1. INTRODUCTION The Sivas Basin is the largest and one of the most important intracontinental basins of central Anatolia and extends from the east of Sivas in the northeast DuÈndarlõ at the southwestern tip of the basin (Figure 1). It developed on two main tectonic units, namely the Taurides to the south and the Central Anatolian Crystalline Complex (CACC) in the west and northwest (Figure 1). Detailed studies concerned with the stratigraphy and tectonics of the Sivas Basin have mainly concentrated on the northern and eastern parts of the basin (GoÈkcËen 1981; GoÈkten 1983, 1986, 1993; GoÈkcËen and Kelling 1985; GoÈkten and Floyd 1987; Cater . et al. 1991; GuÈrsoy et al. 1992, 1997, 1998; Tekeli et al. 1991; Inan 1993; Temiz et al. 1993; Yõlmaz 1994; Guezou et al. 1996; Poisson et al. 1996; Temiz 1996). In contrast, studies related to the southern and *Correspondence to: Kadir Dirik, Department of Geological Engineering, Middle East Technical University, TR-06531 Ankara, Turkey. E-mail: [email protected] Contract/grant sponsor: Turkish Petroleum Corporation (TPAO). CCC 0072±1050/99/030303±17$17.50 Copyright # 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 304 . . K. DIRIK, M. C. GOÈNCUÈOGÆLU AND H. KOZLU Copyright # 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Geol. J. 34: 303±319 (1999) Figure 1. Index map showing major tectonic elements and basins of central Anatolia 305 STRATIGRAPHY AND TECTONIC EVOLUTION OF SIVAS BASIN southwestern part of the Sivas Basin are limited (Erkan et al. 1978; GoÈncuÈogÆlu et al. 1994; Dirik and GoÈncuÈogÆlu 1996). Two models have been proposed for the evolution of the Sivas Basin. (1) It developed on the accretionary prism of the Suture Zone, formed by closure of the Inner Tauride Ocean. This ocean is one of the northern Neotethyan branches which opened during the Jurassic causing separation of the KõsË ehir Block from the Tauride±Anatolide Platform, and closed during latest Cretaceous±Palaeocene time due to northward subduction of the oceanic basin (Oktay 1982; GoÈruÈr et al. 1984; Tekeli et al. 1992). (2) The basin developed within the Tauride±Anatolide Platform units during Late Maastrichtian±Early Palaeocene times as the result of a tensional±transtensional regime (GoÈncuÈogÆlu et al. 1991, 1993; Yõlmaz 1994; Poisson et al. 1996). The southwestern part of the basin, which has not been studied in detail before, was chosen as a key locality. This study considers latest Cretaceous±Miocene evolution of the southwestern Sivas Basin based mainly on our stratigraphic and structural ®eld studies. The neotectonic features of this region have already been evaluated by Dirik and GoÈncuÈogÆlu (1996), and KocËyigÆit and Beyhan (1998). Therefore, these features are only brie¯y summarized in this paper. 2. STRATIGRAPHY The basement rocks and their sedimentary cover constitute two groups of rocks exposed in the area. 2a. Basement rocks The Sivas Basin is underlain unconformably by various rock units of dissimilar degrees of metamorphism and origin. They are collectively named the basement rocks (Figures 2 and 3). Lithostratigraphy of basement rocks exposed in the northwestern part The basement rocks exposed at the northwestern part of the study area have been called the Central Anatolian Crystalline Complex (CACC) by GoÈncuÈogÆlu et al. (1991; Figure 3). The CACC consists of the Central Anatolian Metamorphics (CAM), the Central Anatolian Ophiolites (CAO) and felsic to intermediate plutonic rocks of the Central Anatolian Granitoids (CAG) (GoÈncuÈogÆlu et al. 1991, 1994). The CAM is represented by metamorphosed platform-type successions (Figure 3), and detailed petrologic studies suggest that they were subjected to polyphase medium- to high-grade metamorphism with temperatures locally reaching partial melting conditions (GoÈncuÈogÆlu et al. 1991). K/Ar, biotite and muscovite cooling ages (71±75 Ma) indicate that the main metamorphic event took place prior to early Late Cretaceous time (GoÈncuÈogÆlu 1986). The CAO consist of ultrama®c rocks, isotropic gabbros, plagiogranites, diabases, pillow lava basalts, and epi-ophiolitic sediments (Yalõnõz and GoÈncuÈogÆlu 1998). According to the faunal age of the ophiolite-related sediments, the formation age of this supra-subduction zone-type ophiolite is Turonian to Santonian (Yalõnõz et al. 1996). These rocks were emplaced as thrust sheets over the Tauride±Anatolide Platform during closure . of the Izmir±Ankara±Erzincan Ocean. The CAG consists of granitoids and syenitoids generated during, and after, southward obduction of the above-mentioned ophiolitic rocks onto the Tauride-Anatolide Platform during the Late Cretaceous (GoÈncuÈogÆlu 1986; GoÈncuÈogÆlu et al. 1991, 1992; Akõman et al. 1993). These intrusive rocks cut across the Central Anatolian Metamorphics and Ophiolites, and are overlain by cover units. Lithostratigraphy of the basement rocks exposed in the central part The ophiolitic rocks constitute the basement of the central part of the Sivas Basin. They are exposed to the southeast of Tuzla GoÈluÈ (Figure 2) and consist of ultrama®c rocks, gabbros and diabases. The ophiolitic suite is overlain by the Tuzla Formation with a depositional contact (Figure 3). Copyright # 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Geol. J. 34: 303±319 (1999) 306 . . K. DIRIK, M. C. GOÈNCUÈOGÆLU AND H. KOZLU Copyright # 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Geol. J. 34: 303±319 (1999) Figure 2. (A) Location map of the study area. (B) Detailed geological map showing major rock units and structural features of the southwestern part of Sivas Basin STRATIGRAPHY AND TECTONIC EVOLUTION OF SIVAS BASIN 307 Figure 3. Generalized tectono-stratigraphic columns of the basement rocks exposed along the northwestern and southeastern parts of the study area Lithostratigraphy of the basement rocks exposed in the south-southeastern part The metamorphic basement rocks exposed in the southwest margin of the Sivas Basin were named the BuÈnyan Metamorphics by Erkan et al. (1978). They outcrop in the southern part of BuÈnyan (Figures 2 and 4). The observed sequence starts with dolomitized and recrystallized limestone with deformed corals and crinoids and continues with recrystallized neritic limestone and dolomite intercalations (Figure 3). Pseudoschwagerina sp., Textrataxis sp., Globivalvulina sp., Girvenella sp. and Schwagerina fragments have been observed in the lower horizons; and Nankinella sp. and Mizzia sp. are found in the upper levels of this unit. Based on this fossil content, an Early±Middle and Late Permian age is assigned to this unit. A Carboniferous age had formerly been assigned to the lowermost part of this unit by Erkan et al. (1978). Copyright # 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Geol. J. 34: 303±319 (1999) 308 . . K. DIRIK, M. C. GOÈNCUÈOGÆLU AND H. KOZLU Figure 4. Detailed geological map showing major rock units and structural features of the southern part of BuÈnyan The central part of the BuÈnyan Metamorphics consists of variously coloured clastic rocks, disconformably overlying recrystallized limestone of Permian age. The lower part begins with thin-bedded sandstone including clasts of underlying recrystallized limestone, and continues with ®ne-grained recrystallized limestone with abundant shell fragments, and slaty cleaved mudstone. Stromatolitic limestone bands are also observed in this unit. Based on facies characteristics, it may be correlated with Lower Triassic units of the Tauride sequence. This sequence is followed by medium±thick to very thick bedded recrystallized limestone and dolomite. To date, no characteristic fossils have been found in this unit, but a Late Triassic±Cretaceous age may be inferred by correlation with Tauride units. The uppermost part of the BuÈnyan Metamorphics grade into recrystallized calciturbidites and ultrama®c, talc schist, serpentinite, metadiabase, pillow lava, blueschist blocks embedded in turbiditic sandstone and shaly matrix. This olistostromal facies is overthrust by southward-emplaced ophiolites (Figures 3 and 4). Copyright # 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Geol. J. 34: 303±319 (1999) STRATIGRAPHY AND TECTONIC EVOLUTION OF SIVAS BASIN 309 2b. Cover sequence The cover sequence of the CACC exposed in the northwestern part of the study area is the product of another important extensional basin of central Anatolia, referred to as the Kõzõlõrmak Basin (GoÈncuÈogÆlu et al. 1993, 1995). Since this basin is outside the scope of the present paper, only a generalized columnar section of the sequence in this basin is given in Figure 5. Para-autochthonous cover of the BuÈnyan Metamorphics This sequence is well exposed to the south of Korumaz DagÆõ (Figure 4). At this locality the sequence begins with a 50 m thick conglomerate which is poorly sorted and graded, unbedded and carbonate cemented. The pebbles consist of recrystallized limestone of BuÈnyan Metamorphics, red pelagic limestone, mudstone and radiolarite. The succession continues with medium bedded sandstone±conglomerate±muddy limestone alterations. Olistostromal horizons with blocks of radiolarite, serpentinite, recrystallized limestone and blueschist are common in this part of the sequence. Nummulites sp. was determined in the sandstone±muddy sandstone and limestone horizons of this unit, and therefore a (?) Middle Eocene age has been assigned. The lithologic characteristics suggest the presence of an active marginal environment during deposition. Cover sequence of the Sivas Basin This sequence is represented by the Tuzla, BuÈruÈnduÈz and Cevizcik formations and Upper Miocene± Quaternary units (Figure 5). The Tuzla Formation. This is the oldest unit of the cover sequence in the Sivas Basin and was ®rst named by Tekeli et al. (1992). It is exposed in the west, to the north of the Tuzla GoÈluÈ and north of DuÈndarlõ (Figures 1 and 2), and consists of highly sheared pelagic limestone, shale, and sandstone alternations and volcaniclastic rocks associated with andesitic pillow lavas (Figure 5). The earliest marginal shallow marine facies of the basin, typically representing its extensional character, is observed to the north of DuÈndarlõ (Figure 1). In this section the sequence starts with coarse clastics of alluvial fan deposits and laterally grades to proximal turbidites and volcaniclastics with andesitic to trachyandesitic lava interlayers (Figure 6A). The coarse clastics of the marginal facies grade upwards to uppermost Maastrichtian marl, argillaceous limestone and sandy limestone, followed by reefal limestone (GoÈncuÈogÆlu et al. 1991). Sirel (1996, ®gure 3; Sirel 1998, ®gure 15) has shown by detailed biostratigraphic analysis that the Cretaceous±Tertiary boundary is between a sandy limestone and a conformably overlying reefal limestone of Danian age. These reefal limestones pinch out towards the central part of the basin. These data clearly indicate very rapid deepening of the basin margin which is controlled by normal faulting. In the Tuzla GoÈluÈ area this unit includes limestone, gabbro, ultrama®c and metabasalt olistoliths and megablocks. The matrix of the Tuzla Formation is represented by an alternation of pelagic limestone (calciturbidite)±turbiditic sandstone±shale±siltstone and locally volcaniclastics. It overlies the ophiolites with depositional contact to the west of Tuzla GoÈluÈ. The pelagic limestone is laminated and of calcareous mudstone composition. The fossil content (Globotruncana sp., Globotruncana stuarti Lap., Globotruncana cf. contusa, Siderolites calcitrapoides, Orbitoides cf. media, Orbitoides sp., Lepidorbitoides sp., Iranites sp., Racemigumbelina sp., Heterohelix spp., Hedbergella spp., Rotalidae) suggests that the age of this pelagic limestone is latest Cretaceous±(?)Palaeocene. The same age has been obtained by GoÈkten (1983; KalekoÈy Formation) in the SËarkõsla area. Hornblende and plagioclase are the dominant minerals in the volcaniclastic rocks, which are probably crystal tus intercalated with epiclastic rocks. The volcaniclastic rocks are mostly associated with andesitic pillow lavas (GoÈkten and Floyd 1987). Geochemical data support a within-plate eruptive setting developed on continental crust. The Tuzla Formation also includes blocks of massive volcanic rocks, gabbro, serpentines and recrystallized limestone of Triassic age. Volcanic rocks are represented by basalt and diabase. Ophiolite blocks of varying size are represented by serpentinite, pyroxenite, gabbro and diabase, embedded in a slaty matrix (Figure 6C). Copyright # 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Geol. J. 34: 303±319 (1999) 310 . . K. DIRIK, M. C. GOÈNCUÈOGÆLU AND H. KOZLU Copyright # 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Geol. J. 34: 303±319 (1999) Figure 5. Generalized stratigraphic columns of the cover units. CACC Central Anatolian Crystalline Complex; AU angular unconformity STRATIGRAPHY AND TECTONIC EVOLUTION OF SIVAS BASIN 311 Figure 6. (A) Sketch cross-section illustrating the relationship between basement and lowermost sequence of the Sivas Basin ®ll (North of DuÈndarlõ. (B) The structural relationships between BuÈnyan Metamorphics and Sivas Basin units (southwest of Korumaz DagÆõ). (C) The lithologic characteristics and structural relationships of the Tuzla Formation (west of Tuzla GoÈluÈ) Copyright # 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Geol. J. 34: 303±319 (1999) 312 . . K. DIRIK, M. C. GOÈNCUÈOGÆLU AND H. KOZLU The BuÈruÈnduÈz Formation. This unit was ®rst named by GoÈncuÈogÆlu et al. (1995) and is well exposed to the west-southwest of BuÈnyan. It consists mostly of sandstone±marl±conglomerate±calciturbidite±limestone intercalations and local reefal to pelagic limestones. It grades upwards into olistostromal deposits. The lower part of the formation has been observed to the west of Tuzla GoÈluÈ. At this locality fossiliferous limestone, with black-coloured matrix and abundant opaque clasts, overlies the Tuzla Formation with a slightly deformed depositional contact. This limestone grades into pelagic limestone indicating deeper marine conditions in the central part of the basin. The fossil content (Discocyclina spp., Nummulites spp., Assilina sp., Miscellanea sp., Ronikothalia sp., red algae fragments in the dark grey±black-coloured limestone horizons; Globigerina sp., Globigerinatheka sp., Morozovella spp., Acarinina sp. in the pelagic limestones) suggests that the age of these levels is Late Maastrichtian (?)±Early Eocene. Although the base of the BuÈruÈnduÈz Formation is not exposed in the west and north of Korumaz DagÆõ, the lower part of the unit is represented by sandstone±marl±conglomerate and calciturbidite alternation at this locality (Figure 6B). The marly horizons include large brachiopods, pelecypods and gastropods, and grade upward into sandy marl±sandstone±calciturbidite alternations with abundant Nummulites and Assilina. The sandstones are medium bedded, grains are angular to sub-rounded, poorly sorted and of ®ne to medium grade. Granitic and ophiolitic clasts are common in both sandstone and calciturbiditic horizons. The latter are grain-supported with clast size ranging from sand to gravel. At the top this unit grades into a sequence of olistostromal conglomerates: various Permian, Mesozoic limestones, ophiolitic meÂlange, pelagic limestone and Lower Eocene limestone blocks embedded in sandstone and mudstone matrix (Figures 6B and 7C). The following fossil content is observed in the lower part of this formation exposed west-southwest of BuÈnyan: Alveolina sp., Alveolina spp., Flosculina spp., Discocyclina spp., Gypsina sp., Orbitolites sp., Nummulites sp., Nummulites spp., Opertorbitolites sp., Asterigerina sp., Assilina sp., Miscellanea sp., Ronikothalia sp., red algae fragments, Disticloplax biserialis. Based on this fossil content, a Late Palaeocene± Early Eocene age is assigned to the lower horizons of the unit. The following fossils were determined in the middle±upper levels of this unit: Nummulites spp., Assilina sp., Lockhortia sp., Orbitolites, Discocyclina, Linderina, Amohistegina sp. and Asterigerina sp. From this fossil content, a Middle Eocene age is proposed for these beds. Hence we conclude that this unit was deposited between Late Palaeocene and Middle Eocene times. The Cevizcik Formation. This unit was ®rst named by GoÈkten (1983) and is generally represented by red to greenish grey ®ne-grained sandstone, siltstone and claystone alternations, intercalated with both massive and bedded gypsum. The Cevizcik Formation unconformably overlies all of the above-mentioned units. It begins with a subrounded, poorly sorted conglomerate with grain size ranging from pebble to block at the base grading upwards into ®ner sizes. The clasts are composed of marble, recrystallized limestone, sandstone and gabbro. Vertical gradation to sandstone and medium-bedded cherty limestone and lateral gradation to red sandstone±conglomerate±shale and clay alternation with gypsum lenses is observed. This sequence continues upwards with gypsum lenses intercalated with sandstone±conglomerate±mudstone alternations. To date, no fossils have been found in the Cevizcik Formation. The age of this was considered to be OligoMiocene by Kurtman (1973) and Oligocene by GoÈkten (1983). SuÈmengen et al. (1990) dated the top of the gypsiferous beds as Oligocene using a vertebrate fauna. Cater et al. (1991) attributed this unit to a Late Miocene age. Since the Upper Palaeogene continental sediments become younger from east to west, we suggest a Late Oligocene±Early Miocene age. The Cevizcik Formation can be correlated with the Selimiye Formation of Kurtman (1973) and the Ha®k Formation of Poisson et al. (1996). Units of Late Miocene±Quaternary Age. These have a widespread distribution in the study area and unconformably overlie all other older units and structures. The rock units of these basins were described by Dirik and GoÈncuÈogÆlu (1996), Dirik (1998) and KocËyigÆit and Erol (1998). In summary, they are characterized by a thick succession of pyroclastic rocks intercalated with calc-alkaline±alkaline volcanic rocks. The volcanic sequence is unconformably overlain by Pliocene lacustrine±¯uviatile deposits intercalated with ignimbrites and tus. Thick, coarse-grained alluvial/colluvial fan deposits of marginal facies and Copyright # 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Geol. J. 34: 303±319 (1999) STRATIGRAPHY AND TECTONIC EVOLUTION OF SIVAS BASIN 313 ®ne-grained clastics and carbonates of central facies display very characteristic syn-sedimentary structures with volcanic intercalations. This is the main evidence for the development of new transtensional basins associated with the sinistral EcemisË Fault Zone in Pliocene time (Dirik 1998). 3. STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY The present area displays two important structures: thrust faults and strike-slip faults (Figures 2 and 4). 3a. Thrust faults There are three important sets of northeast±southwest trending thrust faults in the area (Figure 2). The ®rst is located in the northeast, which brings units of the CACC over the Eocene sedimentary rocks of the Central Kõzõlõrmak Basin. This thrust determines the southern margin of the Central Kõzõlõrmak Basin on the CACC. The second is located within the Sivas Basin, to the west of Tuzla GoÈluÈ. Along this thrust the Tuzla Formation has been thrust over the Oligo-Miocene Cevizcik Formation (Figure 6C). The third lies westsouthwest of BuÈnyan and emplaces the BuÈnyan Metamorphics onto the BuÈruÈnduÈz Formation of the Sivas Basin (Figures 4 and 7A±C). These thrust faults are important evidence for Late Eocene compressional tectonics in the region, and the accompanying closure of the Central Kõzõlõrmak and Sivas basins. Traces of the thrust faults have been concealed by Upper Miocene±Pliocene deposits. The Late Eocene compressional tectonics generated a set of NE±SW trending anticlines and synclines. The ®rst set of these folds is observed southeast of Felahiye (Figure 2), where they are overturned and N-verging near the southern thrust-faulted margin of the Central Kõzõlõrmak Basin, and they become tight and doubly plunging away from this margin. Similar types of folds are also observed along the southern thrust-faulted margin of the Sivas Basin southwest of BuÈnyan (Figure 7C). The third set of folds occurs within the para-autochthonous cover of the BuÈnyan Metamorphics. These are asymmetric, northeast plunging folds with approximately NE±SW trending fold axes (Figure 4). Very gentle folds with axes trending in a NE±SW direction occur in the Upper Miocene±Lower Pliocene volcanics±continental clastics±carbonates. These folds are evidence of a pre-Late Pliocene compressional palaeotectonic regime. In contrast, the Plio-Quaternary neotectonic regime is dominated by strike-slip faulting. 3b. Strike-slip faults The southwestern part of the Sivas Basin and adjacent area are dominated by well developed sinistral strike-slip faults representing the central part of the EcemisË Fault Zone (EFZ in Figure 2), recently named the Central Anatolian Fault Zone by KocËyigÆit and Beyhan (1998). This zone is one of the major structures of Turkey and runs from Sivas in the northeast to Mersin in the southwest. Around the central part, it is characterized by transtensional depressions, namely the SultansazlõgÆõ and Tuzla GoÈluÈ pull-apart basins (Figure 2A), formed by left-stepping and southward bending of the fault zone (Dirik and GoÈncuÈogÆlu 1996; Dirik 1998). Along the NE±SW trending faults which constitute the EFZ, the uppermost Miocene±Pliocene deposits and Quaternary deposits are juxtaposed. The presence of active landslides, fault scarps, step-faulted lava ¯ows, very thick and tilted alluvial fans are quite distinctive morphotectonic features along these faults. 4. TECTONIC EVOLUTION Major events of the tectonic evolution of the southwestern part of the Sivas Basin can be summarized as follows. Copyright # 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Geol. J. 34: 303±319 (1999) 314 . . K. DIRIK, M. C. GOÈNCUÈOGÆLU AND H. KOZLU Figure 7. (A) The lithologic characteristics of the para-autochthonous cover of the BuÈnyan Metamorphics (southeast of Korumaz DagÆõ). (B) The structural relationships between BuÈruÈnduÈz Formation and other units (north of Korumaz DagÆõ). (C) The lithologic characteristics and structural relationships of the BuÈruÈnduÈz Formation (northwest of Korumaz DagÆõ) Copyright # 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Geol. J. 34: 303±319 (1999) STRATIGRAPHY AND TECTONIC EVOLUTION OF SIVAS BASIN 315 4a. Jurassic±Early to Late Cretaceous During the Jurassic to Early . Cretaceous, the Sakarya Continent and Tauride±Anatolide Platform formed the passive margins of the Izmir±Ankara±Erzincan Ocean (northern branch of Neotethys, Figure 8A). Closure of this ocean and northward subduction of the oceanic crust was initiated in early Late Cretaceous, and continued convergence resulted in obduction of ophiolites and marginal nappes over the Tauride± Anatolide Platform (GoÈruÈr et al. 1984). This obduction thickened the crust and produced the high temperature±low pressure metamorphism of the Central Anatolian Metamorphics in the north (GoÈncuÈogÆlu 1986) and the BuÈnyan Metamorphics to the south (Figure 8B; GoÈncuÈogÆlu et al. 1994). 4. Latest Cretaceous±Early Palaeocene Thermal relaxation during the latest Cretaceous resulted in the formation of the extensional Central Kõzõlõrmak and Sivas basins (GoÈncuÈogÆlu et al. 1993). The Sivas Basin is underlain by the CACC in the north and the BuÈnyan Metamorphics in the south. The former represents a more deeply buried and more highly metamorphosed part of the Tauride±Anatolide Platform. The Upper Cretaceous±Palaeocene Tuzla Formation consists of siltstone, shale, pelagic limestone (calciturbidite), volcaniclastics and basic volcanic rock intercalations developed on basement units. It includes fragments of ophiolite, recrystallized limestones of the CAM, BuÈnyan Metamorphics, pelagic limestone and blueschist with sizes ranging from pebble to megablock. This formation represents the marginal to central part of the basin with fault-controlled margins. The lateral extent of this facies is represented by volcaniclastics, turbiditic limestone and pelagic± hemipelagic shales around the SËarkõsla area located to the northeast. Interpretation of the geochemistry of these volcanic rocks supports a within-continental-plate eruptive setting (GoÈkten and Floyd 1987). According to GoÈkten (1986), a thick Palaeocene carbonate sequence with volcanic±volcaniclastic intercalations occurring in the SËarkõsla area has been derived mainly from carbonate turbidites associated with volcanism; vertical±lateral relationships suggest deposition in a submarine fan. Subsidence of this basin may have been controlled by gravity faults located along the margin. The data support the existence of an extensional period during the Late Cretaceous±Palaeocene between the Taurides and CACC (Figure 8C). The presence of a basement of continental crust at the base of the basin ®ll, the allochthonous nature of the ophiolitic nappes, and the within-continental-plate eruptive setting suggest that the Sivas Basin never became an oceanic basin as proposed by GoÈruÈr et al. (1984, 1998). 4c. Late Palaeocene±Early Eocene Subsidence of the basin continued and therefore this period is represented by a regional deposition transgression. This is evidenced by the continued deepening and deposition of the lower sequences of the BuÈruÈnduÈz Formation (Figure 8D). 4d. Middle Eocene In the study area, both at the northern and southern margins, Middle Eocene is represented by a renewed transgression characterized by the deposition of coarse clastics (column 1 in Figure 5, and Figure 8E). In the central part of the basin, however, the continuous limestone±sandstone deposits of Late Palaeocene±Early Eocene age abruptly change a new succession represented by turbidites with olistoliths (Figure 5, columns 2 and 3) of Middle Eocene. The development of the asymmetrical basin during this period is ascribed to the formation of a half-graben associated with transtensional movements. This speculation is supported by the initiation of the sinistral strike-slip `EcemisË Fault Zone' during pre-Lutetian (YetisË 1978), that probably propagated northeastward during the Middle Eocene. Copyright # 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Geol. J. 34: 303±319 (1999) . . K. DIRIK, M. C. GOÈNCUÈOGÆLU AND H. KOZLU 316 Figure 8. Schematic diagrams showing evolution of the southwestern part of the Sivas Basin 4e. Late Eocene to Oligocene At the southern margin of the basin, upper levels of the BuÈruÈnduÈz Formation grade from turbiditic sandstone±shale±sandy limestone alternation to conglomerate, olistostromal conglomerate deposits interpreted as slope-fan deposits developed in front of uplifting and northward-moving basement rocks. Evidence for a compressional period is the presence of thrust faults at the basin margins and a continued regressive sequence in the central part of the basin. The basin must have been isolated from the sea and emergent during the Oligocene. Evidence for this is the presence of red-coloured continental clastics intercalated with bedded to massive gypsum of the Oligocene Cevizcik Formation overlying the BuÈruÈnduÈz Formation. The ®nal collision of the basement of Pontide units with the CACC was probably responsible for this Late Eocene±Oligocene compressional period which continued up to the end of the Early Miocene (Figure 8F). 4f. Late Oligocene±Late Miocene Prior to this period the basement units were already emplaced on the basin ®ll along thrust faults. The entire area was emergent and became a site of erosion, but the deposition of lacustrine±¯uviatile deposits was also common (Figure 8G). However, local overthrusts on the Miocene deposits in the area (Figure 6C), and folding and overthrusting of the Middle Miocene (AkguÈn et al. 1994) continental clastics in the Central Copyright # 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Geol. J. 34: 303±319 (1999) STRATIGRAPHY AND TECTONIC EVOLUTION OF SIVAS BASIN 317 Kõzõlõrmak basin by basement units further to the north, suggest that the regional compression continued during this period. 4g. Early Pliocene±Quaternary Reactivation of the sinistral EcemisË Fault Zone triggered the development of NE±SW trending transtensional basins on the vast plateau formed during Late Miocene (Dirik and GoÈncuÈogÆlu 1996; KocËyigÆit and Beyhan 1998; Dirik 1998). 5. CONCLUSIONS Sedimentological, stratigraphic and structural evidence summarized in this paper suggests that the Sivas Basin started to form as the product of Late Maastrichtian extensional tectonism in Central Anatolia. This extension might have originated by continental rifting due to post-collisional extension following crustal thickening which resulted in southward emplacement of oceanic and marginal nappes onto the passive margin of the Tauride±Anatolide Platform. The stratigraphic successions of the BuÈnyan Metamorphics and the CAM are almost identical up to the end of the Mesozoic so there is no evidence for an oceanic basin that separated them during the Mesozoic era. Moreover, ophiolitic rocks are not restricted to the basement of the Sivas Basin but cover vast areas on the CACC, which suggests an origin for these nappes further to the north. The presence of continental crust-type basement rocks at the base of the basin beneath the ophiolites and the fact that the Uppermost Cretaceous±Lower Palaeogene volcanic rocks display a within-continentaltype eruptive setting strongly suggest that the Sivas Basin opened on the Tauride±Anatolide Platform as an intracontinental extensional basin and was not a pre-existing suture zone as proposed by various authors (Tekeli et al. 1992; GoÈkten 1993; GoÈruÈr et al. 1998). This period of extension prevailed until Early Eocene times. The Middle Eocene is characterized by a new extensional period, which is mainly re¯ected by the presence of gravity ¯ow deposits on the southern margin of the basin and a regional transgression to the north. This asymmetrical development is ascribed to the formation of a half-graben system in relation to strike-slip movements, probably associated with the initiation of the EcemisË Fault. 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