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Snakes, butterflies, and a number of exotic fish are on the brink of extinction, according to the latest list of the world's most endangered species.
The 50th annual Red List, from the International Union for the Conservation of Nature, claims there are more than 22,000 animal species whose survival is to some extent threatened.
At the latest List's launch in Sydney, the organisation blamed mankind's growing appetite for resources" - from food to fuel - for damaging global biodiversity.
The IUCN Director General Julia Marton-Lefevre said: "Each update of the IUCN Red List makes us realise that our planet is constantly losing its incredible diversity of life, largely due to our destructive actions to satisfy our growing appetite for resources.
"But we have scientific evidence that protected areas can play a central role in reversing this trend. Experts warn that threatened species poorly represented in protected areas are declining twice as fast as those which are well represented.
"Our responsibility is to increase the number of protected areas and ensure that they are effectively managed so that they can contribute to saving our planet's biodiversity."
Critically endangered species
Critically endangered species
1/10 Yangtze Finless Porpoise
There are as few as 1,000 of this highly intelligent dolphin from the Chinese river of Yangtze.
2/10 Cross River Gorilla
There are around 200-300 left in the wild.
3/10 The Amur Leopard
There are only around 30 left, exclusively in the Russian Far East.
4/10 Black Rhino
Improving numbers, but with fewer than 5,000 left in central Africa, it is critically endangered.
5/10 Hawskbill Sea Turtle
Mostly threatened by wildlife trade; their shells highly valued.
6/10 Javan Rhino
The most threatened rhino species - there are as few as 35 in Ujung Kulon National Park in Java, Indonesia.
7/10 Leatherback Turtle
Having lost many of its habitable beaches, and impacted by fishing operations, this seaturtle is considered by WWF to be 'critically endangered'.
8/10 South China Tiger
It is believed to be 'functionally extinct', with none of the species left in the wild.
9/10 Sumatran Elephant
There are between 2,400 - 2,800 of this elephant native to Borneo and Sumatra.
10/10 Sumatran Orangutan
There are an est. 7,300 but the gradual deforestation of their Sumatran habitat may threaten further.
Here's a look at some of the species singled out in the IUCN's report:
Overfishing for food has devastated the populations of underwater creatures, from tuna to eels. The Pacific bluefin tuna (Thunus orientalist) has seen its numbers decline by up to a third in the last two decades, going from a species of 'least concern' to 'vulnerable'.
Demand for the Japanese delicacy sashimi has led to some of the meaty tuna being valued at around £64,000.
The Chinese pufferfish (Takifugu chinensis), one of the world's most toxic fish, and a fellow victim of sashimi demand, has been moved to 'critically endangered' - the final category before extinction.
And the American Eel (Anguilla rostrata) is rapidly losing numbers, largely down to the lucrative Japanese fish market's pursuit of an alternative to the endangered Japanese eel.
Slugs and snails
The fluorescent Kaputar Pink Slug (Triboniophorus) exists exclusively on the highest levels of Mount Kaputar in New South Wales, Australia. Already listed as 'endangered', it is feared that rising temperatures due to climate change will leave it nowhere to go.
The Malaysian snail (Plectostoma sciaphilum) has been declared extinct following the destruction of its hill habitat by a large limestone quarrying company. Several other species in the region are also at risk.
On the upside, two types of Colombian frog (Andinobates dorisswansonae and Andinobates tolimensis) have seen their fortunes improve due to environmental protections introduced for the forest in the Andes where they reside.
The Chinese cobra (Naja atra) has been declared 'vulnerable' following a population decline of between 30 to 50 per cent over the last 20 years.
Though international trade of the cobra is regulated, the IUCN is pressing for conservative initiatives to protect the species, a delicacy in south east Asia.
At 80mm, the St Helena Giant Earwig (Labidura herculeana) was the largest earwig in the world - but now it is extinct. Last seen on St Helena Island in May 1967, the earwig had suffered for the removal of nearly all of the shelter providing surface stones in the territory, and increased predatory pressure.Reuse content


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Class of 1978 Fall 2014 Letter
Fall 2014
Dear Classmates,
Julie Dahlen and I are taking turns writing the class letter. I drew the short straw for fall 2014, so here goes.
Although I wasn't able to attend Homecoming this year, I was able to go to a mid-October alumni gathering in Coralville, Iowa. Attending with me was Deb Leschensky Murrell '79, history major. How we became connected is a scenario that perhaps has played out numerous times in your lives after Luther. Last year, a new couple moved into our neighborhood in Cedar Rapids – Karl '06 and Sarah (Murrell) Swenson '07. We first met the Swensons when we walked our dogs. No doubt, one of us (not the canines!) was wearing a Luther t-shirt. As our dogs sniffed, we chatted, and the LC connection was made. Sarah noted her mom's (Deb) alumna status, and her parents would be relocating to Cedar Rapids from Marshfield, Wis. Although I did not know Deb, her name certainly "rang a bell." Such is the advantage of attending a small residential college.

subset: commoncrawl


text: CHARLOTTE, N.C., Feb. 15, 2011 /PRNewswire/ -- Nexxus Lighting today announced that it's President & CEO, Mike Bauer will present at the J.P. Morgan LED General Lighting Symposium in Santa Clara, CA on Thursday, February 24, 2011. Nexxus is among ten companies invited to present, including Veeco, National Semiconductor and Rubicon Technologies. The objective of the event is to share information from industry leaders that are focused on the technology surrounding the adoption of LED's for general lighting. A webcast of the presentation will be available after the event at www.events.jpmorgan.com. (Logo: http://photos.prnewswire.com/prnh/20101112/PH00419LOGO ) Nexxus is a leader in high performance LED replacement light bulbs under its Array™ Lighting line of products. The company will showcase several new products and enhancements in its presentation. With 23 issued and 37 pending patents related to its Array Lighting product offering, the value proposition created by Nexxus' innovative patent pending Selective Heat Sink (SHS) technology and patented designs provides the market with significant savings in energy and maintenance costs without compromising the environment. Several of Nexxus Lighting's Array bulbs are ENERGY STAR qualified ( www.energystar.gov/ledbulbs) and can reduce energy consumption by over 80% compared to incandescent bulbs. Array LED bulbs last over 50,000 hours, do not contain mercury or lead and are RoHS compliant. Visit www.arraylighting.com for more information on the full product line. About Nexxus Lighting, Inc. Nexxus Lighting, Inc. ( www.nexxuslighting.com) is a leader in advanced LED lighting technology, including solid-state LED replacement light bulbs and linear strip lighting products used in commercial, architectural, signage and retail lighting. Nexxus Lighting sells its products under its Array™ Lighting and Lumificient brand names. Certain of the above statements contained in this press release are forward-looking statements that involve a number of risks and uncertainties. Such forward-looking statements are within the meaning of that term in Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Reference is made to Nexxus Lighting's filings under the Securities Exchange Act for factors that could cause actual results to differ materially. Nexxus Lighting undertakes no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise. Readers are cautioned that any such forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve risks and uncertainties, and that actual results may differ materially from those indicated in the forward-looking statements as a result of various factors. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. SOURCE Nexxus Lighting, Inc.


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All hotels in Ashland, New Hampshire, United States of America
1 room, 2 adults
82 Highland St, Ashland, NH, 03217, United States of America, 0800 456 081 (New Zealand Toll Free) +64-9985-3513 (From abroad)
Cheney House, Ashland
No-frills Ashland guestrooms with fireplaces
- Free continental breakfast, free WiFi in lobby, and free parking
Main amenities
- 3 smoke-free guestrooms
- Business center
- Air conditioning
- Library
- Lobby fireplace
- Laundry service
- Barbecue grills
- Limited hour front desk
Feel at home
- Private bathroom
- Laundry facilities
- Coffee/tea maker
- DVD player
- Fireplace
- Cable TV service
What's around
- St. Mark's Episcopal Church (0.7 mi / 1.1 km)
- Whipple House Museum (0.9 mi / 1.5 km)
- Pauline E Glidden Toy Museum (1 mi / 1.7 km)
- Ashland Railroad Station Museum (1.2 mi / 1.9 km)
- Scribner-Fellows State Forest (3.1 mi / 5 km)
See all 11 Hotels.com reviews
Tasty breakfast
Fantastic service
Delicious food
Awesome vibe
TripAdvisor Traveller Rating: 5
From 80 reviews
More great choices
At a glance
Key facts
Hotel size
- This hotel has 3 rooms
- Check-in time 3 PM-6 PM
- Check-out time is 10:30 AM
To make arrangements for check-in please contact the property ahead of time using the information on the booking confirmation.
Required at check in
- Credit card or cash deposit required
- Government-issued photo ID required
Travelling with others
- No cribs (infant beds)
- Pets allowed *
- Free WiFi in public areas
- Free self parking
Other information
- Smoke-free property
In the hotel
Food and drink
- Free continental breakfast
- Barbecue grills
Working away
- Business center
- Front desk (limited hours)
- Dry cleaning/laundry service
- Laundry facilities
- Year Built 1895
- Library
- Fireplace in lobby
In the room
Home comforts
- Air conditioning
- Coffee/tea maker
- Bathrobes
Things to enjoy
- Fireplace
- Individually decorated
Freshen up
- Private bathroom
- Shower only
Be entertained
- Cable TV channels
- DVD player
Recommended hotels
Special features
- Bicycle rentals nearby
- Golfing nearby
- Hiking/biking trails nearby
- Kayaking nearby
- Mountain biking nearby
- Sailing nearby
- Cross-country skiing nearby
- Downhill skiing nearby
- Snowshoeing nearby
Cheney House, Ashland's small print
Also known as
- Cheney House Ashland
- Cheney House B&B
- Cheney House B&B Ashland
- Cheney House
Optional extras
Pets are allowed for an extra charge of USD 0.0 per pet, per stay
We have included all charges provided to us by this hotel. However, charges can vary, for example, based on length of stay or the room you book.
What's around Cheney House, Ashland
- St. Mark's Episcopal Church (0.7 mi / 1.1 km)
- Whipple House Museum (0.9 mi / 1.5 km)
- Pauline E Glidden Toy Museum (1 mi / 1.7 km)
- Ashland Railroad Station Museum (1.2 mi / 1.9 km)
- Scribner-Fellows State Forest (3.1 mi / 5 km)
Getting around
- Manchester, NH (MHT-Manchester-Boston Regional) 62-min drive
- Free self parking
Recent reviews
Outstanding 4.8 /5 from 11 reviews
Cheney House, Ashland
highly recommend
Stayed for a quick weekend getaway. Owners were very nice, breakfast was great, and the place was very clean.
Cheney House, Ashland
A bed & breakfast (not chain hotel) experience
The innkeepers are very friendly and helpful with area directions, breakfast was good and it was clear care goes into this quirky property.
Cheney House, Ashland
Great stay near Squam Lakearea.
It was wonderful! The owners were fun and attentive. Great breakfasts. Very nice room. Small, but how much time do you spend there.
Cheney House, Ashland
Wonderful Stay!
We had a great time at this bed and breakfast. The couple that run the place were extremely nice and did an excellent job making you feel right at home. We really felt like we had our privacy, which was important. Everything was clean, no bad odors, the food was great and overall a very good experience. I would definitely recommend staying here and will definitely go back if I am in the area.
Cheney House, Ashland
The Cheney House is like staying with friends
The Cheney House B & B is a quaint 1895 home, lovingly run by Anthony and Bobbie. You couldn't meet two nicer or more accommodating folks! You will feel like you're staying with good friends in their home. Really appreciated the water bottles and upstairs frig that's available to guests.
Is the description of this hotel not correct? Tell us


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This 4-storey luxury hotel presents modern architecture and comprises a total of 179 rooms of which 3 are suites. Fully air conditioned, facilities include a spacious foyer area with a 24-hour reception desk and lifts in addition to a safe, a main restaurant with a non-smoking area as well as three further ŕ la carte restaurants in which Turkish and international specialities may be sampled. It is just a short walk to a selection of bars that lie beside the beach and the hotel offers many more amenities including an Internet café, room service and laundry service (for an additional fee). Guests are able to make small purchases at the hotel supermarket and other small shops to be found onsite and it is possible to pay a visit to the in-house hairdresser's salon. Night-time offerings include a nightclub. Younger visitors may participate in the kids' club activities and let off steam in the playground.
Surrounded by pine trees, this hotel lies in front of the picturesque backdrop of the Taurus mountain range directly beside the sand/pebble beach of Çamyuva and some 5 minutes walk from the resort centre. There is a minibus service several times a day to Kemer, which lies some 7km away and to the city of Antalya, which is 50km from the hotel and where guests will discover a diverse selection of shops, eateries and sights. Antalya airport is 60km away and can easily be reached by making use of the public transport service.
The modern rooms are fabulously equipped and almost every room features a balcony or terrace from which wonderful views may be enjoyed out over the sea. Each of the rooms comes with an en suite bathroom with hairdryer, a direct dial telephone, a TV, a minibar, a hire safe, and central air-conditioning. On request, and according to availability, non-smoking rooms may be booked. (Promo/econ rooms do not have a balcony).
An abundance of sports are on offer to guests. It is possible to pay a visit to the beach or to kick back beside the outdoor pool with separate children's pool and Jacuzzi. There is also a spacious sun terrace where sun loungers and parasols have been laid out ready for use (also available on the beach). A daily entertainment programme is organised in the pool area and sports enthusiasts may make use of the in-house gym as well as play tennis or volleyball or participate in the aerobics sessions. There is an indoor pool, a sauna and Turkish baths available within the hotel and further spa treatments such as beauty treatments and massages are on offer (additional fee). Moreover, various water sports such as surfing as well as pedalo hire are on offer along the hotel's private beach.
All meals are available in a buffet form in the main restaurant, additionally there are 3 a la carte restaurants offering Turkish, Seafood and Mediterranean cuisine.
MasterCard and VISA are accepted as methods of payment.
Room Facilities:
Direct dial telephone
Satellite cable TV
Double bed
Central airconditioned


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Axial Racing 6x3x2.5mm Flanged Bearing Set (2)
Axial Racing
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This product was added to our catalog on March 26, 2012.


text:
This paper has been added to your cart ($35.00)
You may also Subscribe for unlimited downloads of all papers and abstracts on www.scientific.net ($135.00 per month)
The mechanical properties and the phase stability in yttria and ceria stabilized zirconia containing 0-20wt% A12O3 during aging in air (300°C) and in water vapor (150°C, 180°C, 200°C and 250°C) are investigated in this paper. It is found that water can greatly accelerate the degradation of Y-Ce-TZP. The addition of Al2O3 to Y-Ce-TZP prevents the low temperature degradation in air. Also Al2O3 particles can restrain the phase transformation of tetragonal to monoclinic in Y-Ce-TZP under water vapor condition when the temperature is below 200°C.


text:
GOODY, Ky — The Belfry Middle School football team will be competing for their fifth straight state championship this season and this years schedule is set up to help them reach that goal.
The Pirates are days away from starting the 2016 season and expectations are high for another great year. The coaches and players report they are excited to begin. The season will kick off at the Tyler Williams Memorial Scrimmage on Saturday. The day will start early as multiple teams will meet at Vipperman Stadium and scrimmages will be played all day.
The Pirates will start the regular season at home against New Harlan and will continue a three game home stretch before meeting lexington Catholic at Hazard. The pirates will face Hazard during the 2016 homecoming and finish off the seaosn against Wayne County.
Head Coach Danny Oliver said, "We have a tough schedule as usual but it will prepare us for another run at state."
2016 Belfry Middle School Football schedule:
8/13/16- BMS in Tyler Williams Memorial Grid-O-Rama @ BMS
8/27/16- BMS vs. New Harlan @ Home
9/1/16 – BMS vs. Phelps @ Home
9/8/16 – BMS vs. Shelby Valley @ Home
9/10/16- BMS vs. Lexington Catholic @ Hazard (Away)
9/15/16- BMS vs. Johnson Central @ Home
9/22/16- BMS vs. Pike Central @ Away
9/24/16 BMS vs. Hazard (Homecoming)
9/27/16 BMS vs. Pikeville @ Away
10/1/16 BMS vs. Wayne Co. @ Away
10/4/16 County semi-finals
10/11/16 County Champiosnhip
(William plaster is the sports reporter for the Williamson Daily News, he can be reached at 304-235-4242 ext. 2274 or at [email protected] on on twitter @sidplaster.)


text:
Theme, The role and environment of IT Security people
Reference, Chapters 1 - 3 of text, Notes, Chapter 1 - The Security Mind, security best practices, know ourselves and our attackers, applies principles and rules in dynamic environment, cf. time management, focus on doing right thing rather than being concerned and busy, to thwart new security reality of technology, constant risk, problems with technology are not all technical, security if a difficult problem to grasp, Chapter 2 - Take a new Look, Security is an Art, young and dynamic, sub-discipline, Environment, us, them, batteground, The Fear Factor, overly large consideration in, security decision making, combat with defined security management, follow, virtues, and, rules, Chapter 3 - The 4 Virtues, Daily Consideration, Community, Higher Focus, Education
Theme, Universal principles to support decision making
Reference, Chapters 4 & 5 of text, Notes, Chapter 4, The 8 Security Rules, universal principles supporting decision making, explains, comments and applies, act as filters in complex situations, encoded into policies and procedures, Chapter 5, Higher Security Mind, core practices, architectures, zoning, checkpoints, layering, defense in depth, many architectures here
Theme, The process of crafting Security Decisions
Reference, Chapters 6 & 7 of text, Notes, Chapter 6 - Security Decision Making, Role of policy, Decision-making process, Identify components, scope, context, assets, Identify Risks and Threats, Compare to rules and policies, Make Decision, Example, Threat & Risks to WAN connection, reasonable level of detail, detailed but unstructured, Consider, General rules & principles, Architecture, Zones, Layering, General context, Chapter 7 - Know the Hacker, List of Hacker categories, considers them as threat agents, Vulnerabilities, what threat agents exploit, systematic approach in NSW threat and control list, ISF tools, says DoS is popular, most popular, Domains, Network, Physical, Software, OS, Applications, OWASP, Dependencies, nice diagram, demonstrated non-linear nature of vulnerabilities, Targets, DNS, Email Servers, Web Servers, Dial-up modems, Exploits, specific attacks methodologies, Two case studies, full explanation of attack exploit and why succeeded, Profile development, for a company, which hackers, what assets, reducing attack surface (essentially)
Theme, Eight rules of security by showing how they can be applied to many real-life scenarios
Reference, Chapters 10 -12 of text, Notes, Chapter 10 - Modern Defences, Firewalls, IDS, Vulnerability Scanners, Open Source, Wireless, Encryption, VPN, Chapter 11 - The Rule in Practice, Perimeter Defences, Internal Defences, Zoning, Physical Security, Hardening, Logging, Outbound connections, authentication, Chapter 12 - Going Forward, Summing up the book
Theme, Take a more formal look at the science of risk management, which includes both quantitative and qualitative techniques
Reference, Additional readings to the textbook, Henry, K. (2004). Risk management and analysis., Notes, Is RM merely a hot topic or something of benefit to business?, Consider the relation Risk = Threat * Vulnerability * Asset Value, bully in playground example, not overly helpful, but does explain Threat, Vulnerability, Asset Value, Quantitative RM, use for some stakeholders, accounting and auditing, difficult to quantify some aspects, such as damages on assets, in general, the impact on people, social costs of an incident to, shareholders, customers, regulatory bodies, Qualitative RM, scenario-based, likelihood and impact rated by "experts", ratings are qualitative, high, medium, low, relative rankings, represent ranges not values, Still suggests to follow the CIA triad, generic impacts, generate assessments from control frameworks based on CIA, general approach, generate scenarios, quantify costs of impact for each scenario, The Three Keys, Knowledge, sound knowledge of threats and vulnerabilities in environment, what scenarios are involved?, Observation, collect data to further identify and callibrate scenarios, Business Acumen, which scenarios are the biggest risk to business, how to convince business to act on mitigating these scenarios, decision support, Risk Responses, Reduce, Add one or several compensating controls, from a possible list or pool, must be maintained over time, Outsourcing, the RM function, choose not to have in-house experts, Assign, mitigate risk through third party, insurance, service level agreement, someone else runs your network to 99.999% availability, Kaplan, R. (2004). Risk management 101., Notes, Start with a diagram, Balancing Risk and Cost, Is this a graph or a graphic?, Need definitions to proceed, Vulnerability, weakness, Threat, something that exploits weaknesses, Risk, essentially same as the equation in first reading but they do not say that explicitly, Countermeasure, the traditional name for what we now call a control, The Basic Issue, How to balance, the expense of incurring cost from risk materializing, against, the cost of mitigation - reducing the likelihood of the risk materializing, How to apply to IT infrastructure?, direct simplistic application is daunting, vulnerabilities multiply quickly, impossible for all but smallest companies, suggests there is outmoded thinking here, use the Don Parker framework, How to analyse and quantify vulnerabilities?, only way forward, but many proposed methods have failed, hard to have common risk rating everywhere, yet cannot combine risks without common scales, quantification is sought in general, management and bean counters seek it, technical people seek it, judging between what is Necessary vs. Sufficient, don't spend more than something is worth to protect it, there are few hard numbers around security, hard to justify security budget, in particular, increasing the budget, Further discussion of Risk-Cost curve, adds more detail with new diagram, more qualitative terms, more scales, more mental models, gives Do-It-Yourself advice, essentially a method to gauge risk appetite, opines that this remains a creative process for experienced risk practitioners, The Bottom Lines, gives a bottom-up approach to translating infrastructure risks into business risks, I would say this is really a top down process written in reverse, Gaining Trust, provides a diagram showing the overview of trust process from the US Government Accounting Office (GAO), probably now superseded by risk management frameworks
Theme, Security requires trade-offs, and that these trade-offs are subjective.
Reference, Additional readings to the textbook, Schneier, B. (2003). Security trade-offs are subjective. In Beyond fear: Thinking sensibly about security in an uncertain world, Notes, perfect security cannot be obtained, how to deal with inherent trade-offs in decision making, Extreme trade-offs, grounding all planes tops 9/11, done temporarily, No credit card, prevents data theft, what are we getting and what are we giving up?, how to make sensible trade-offs?, mentions threat and risk, risk being product of likelihood and impact (seriousness), RM is about playing the odds, suggesting of quantification, but more, but RM is about placing bets, on what is worth worrying about, against what is not, how likely are the threats we are facing?, goal not to eliminate risk but bring to a manageable level, not so well-defined what this means, Security risks is just one type of risk a company faces, think of the risks with a global supply chain, for oil or clothing or computer components, insurance, converts a variable cost risk into a fixed expense, risk is situational, companies, want to maximise profit, therefore, they want, adequate security at reasonable cost, RM is really about cost-benefit analysis, but analysis is subjective, some people do not want nuclear power no matter how remote a risk of a meltdown, the downside is too down, so down that cannot even consider, the presence of well-defined countermeasures make no difference, think of Fukishima, similar opinions in, genetic engineering, intuition may not be a good guide to risk decision making, people exaggerate spectacular rare risks, as do media, estimating risk is bound to your personal context, perception, personified vs. anonymous risks, are hackers anonymous?, control, when we choose risk is lower than we we are forced, media influences our notion of risk, what is risky, plane crash seems more risky than car crash but not really, Often confused perceived risk against actual risk, represents a fundamental disconnect, more people get killed by pigs than sharks each year, psychological basis, Technology progress outstrips our ability to understand it, Average user, no idea about the relative risks of, giving out a credit card number to a Web site, sending un-encrypted email, sharing folders, and so on, emphasis on what is visual, what gets amplified, plane crash vs. diabetes, media has trouble working with non-visuals, table of top killers, not what we would think, Blakely, B., McDermott, E., & Geer, D. (2001). Information security is information risk management. Proceedings of the 2001 workshop on new security paradigms., Notes, Risk, possibility of an event that reduces business value, ALE, Annualized Loss Expectancy, cost * likelihood happens in a year, Managing Risk, Liability transfer, Indemification, pooling, hedging, Mitigation, Retention, Information Security, who should do what with sensitive information, expressed in policy, how to implement and enforce?, collections of "measures", controls, The Problem, current measures not working, process is biased, towards technical measures, against physical measures, reduce likelihood rather than impact, Effectiveness, FBI survey data, incidents rising despite security technology deployment, Quantification, qualitative methods well developed, high/medium/low, Quantitative methods weak though used elsewhere, finance, healthcare, safety, lack of good data is a problem, agreed to by insurers, but policies are being offered, however they have been caught out by technology advances, largely absent in Basel II, operational risk framework, need data on, vulnerabilities, incidents, losses, control effectiveness, Current situation, equivalent of 19th century medical practice, poor understanding of health in general, much different today, dramatic increased professionalism, education, study and collection of public health data, studies on effectiveness of treaments, do the same for security, Managing Risks, IT RM people, trained not educated, not true professionals in any sense, want to be like a doctor or lawyer, become quantitative, measure, collect, record and report, overhaul of how security technology is evaluated, Reading 6: Gerber, M., & von Solms, R. (2005). Management of risk in the information age. Computers and Security, Notes, Start with remarks on history of risk, discussion of natural and social sciences, risk for society and individual, modern definition, 'the probability that a particular adverse event occurs during a stated period of time, or results from a particular challenge'', 1995 publication of National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) handbook's definition of risk which describes risk as ''the possibility of something adverse happening'', Risk Analysis process, identification, estimation, for IT environments this is often simply guessing, evaluation, long discussion on theoretical basis of technology risk management, as compared to other disciplines
Theme, Assigning a probability to the chances of an attack as well as determining how much damage a successful attack is likely to cause. This topic explores ALE (Average Loss Expectancy) and ROSI (Return on Security Investment).
Reference, Additional readings to the textbook, Ozier, W. (2004). Risk analysis and assessment. In Information security management handbook, Notes, Core questions for RM, Analysis, What could happen?, threat, If it happened, how bad?, impact, How often could if happen?, frequency, How certain are you of these answers?, uncertainty, estimation, Mitigation, What can be done?, mitigations, How much will it cost?, costings, Is is cost effective?, cost-benefit analysis, Terms and definitions, ALE, frequency of occurence, annualised, ARO, Annualised Rate of occurance, think 30-year flood, happening this year, EF, Exposure Factor, magnitude of loss, Information Asset, something to be protected by IT, Risk, as above in Analysis, plus, Analysis, Treatment, Management, Safeguard, countermeasure, control, effectiveness, how well it works, Central task in IRM (Information RM), establish policy, create IRM team, establish tools and methodology, identify and measure risk, establish risk acceptance criteria, mitigate risk, monitor risk, Process benefits, understand risk position, remove ignorance, arrogance, fear, Qualitative vs. Quantitative, problematic process for quant assessment in US government, no one kept common data or metrics, defaulted to qualitative, needed to collect risk metrics, 6 primitive elements, Asset Value, Threat Frequency, Threat Exposure Factor, Safeguard Cost, Uncertainty, Pros, Qual, simple calculations if any, assets need not be valued, mitigations need not be costed, Quant, process based on objective metrics, produced meaningful statistical data, uses monetary values to express assets and actions, credible basis for costings, process can be tracked over time, help stakeholders make decisions, Cons, Qual, subjective, cannot allocate resources according to a budget, cannot evaluate objective improvements, Quant, complex, black box calculations, are the numbers credible?, must be supported by tooling, rules out light weight assessments, large preparation, not standardised, Skeptical Stakeholders, provide examples of quant assessment being more convincing to management, management cannot make decision based on high/medium/low, Tasks of Risk Assessment, project sizing, how much effort will the assessment take?, threat analysis, perhaps with tooling, use standard lists here, asset identification and valuation, tangible assets, intangible, invokes CIA as well, threat-vulnerability-asset mapping, risk metrics, 6 primitive elements, Asset Value, Threat Frequency, Threat Exposure Factor, Safeguard Cost, Uncertainty, risk mitigation, costing, gives list of automated tools for this process, about 20, must be new ones by now, Geer, D., Soo Hoo, K., & Jaquith, A. (2003). Information security: Why the future belongs to the quants. IEEE Security and Privacy, Notes, Fundamental disconnect between security rhetoric and security spending, Security people cannot answer simple business questions, Is security better now than last year?, What value am I getting for my money?, How do I compare with my peers?, Risk Management, the only way forward, FUD is silly and non sustainable, what is reducing FUD, companies run on information, how is it managed?, demonstrating security, what are improvements?, cost justification, why is it this much?, accountability, regulations defining security, Data Sharing Roadblocks, everything from lack of common metrics, Verizon report, professional embarassment, couldeven be illegal, anti-trust laws, What should be gathered?, whatever supports business decision making, at a minimum the output of security tools, Data Models to steal, from other areas, including, Quality Assurance, Public Health, Portfolio managament, Accelerated test failure, Insurance, Hoover project, example of pooled data, for application security, based on OWASP, analysis using, Business adjusted risk model, simple, mix of qual and quant, The Future is here, people want numbers, we have numbers, no will to use them, trend data, what is happening in the short term, you can do this, quants will own the industry, Endorf, C. (2004). Measuring ROI on security. In Information security management handbook, Notes, Discuss from basic methods for finding ROSI, basic issue, hard to get security money before an attack, but easy afterwards, many managers use FUD, without money, hard vs. soft return, 7 steps value, like above, Asset identification and valuation, EF, SLE, ARO, ALE, Control survey, Calculate ROSI, Small example given for protecting confidential data, Berinato, S. (2003). Everything's coming up ROSI. In CIO: Australia's magazine for information executives, Notes, article from trade magazine, start with an example of patching, how to justify buying automated patching, some views that ROSI not worthwhile trying, endless path, lots of legwork, counterview, there are ROSI tools, just do not use them for security, management want hard numbers, not available, or cannot calculate, what is the ROSI on fire extinguishers?, $3 for every $1 invested, According to one study the American Society of Safety Engineers (ASSE), Step 1, Do a rethink, Precision is not the goal, One of the reasons that ROSI might feel like an endless path comes from the fact that there has been a natural tendency in the tech sector toward approaching problems with the precision a software engineer would expect., The dogmatic IT mind-set must be eliminated., obvious why IT tends to approach problems with binary thinking., Step 2, The Legwork, talk to your teams, make use of the useful data out there, play detective for what else you need, build a threat profile of your company, calculate conservatively, know your stakeholders, Step 3, The Math, In the end, the maths is simple. You subtract cost from benefits, seriously?, suggests ALE and a few other metrics, Jacobson, R. V. (2002). Risk assessment and risk management. In S. Bosworth & M. E. Kabay (Eds.),
Theme, Qualitative risk assessment relies more on observational, subjective data rather than hard facts. There are many advantages to this approach. 'Hard numbers' are often difficult to come by when assessing security threats.
Reference, Additional readings to the textbook, Peltier, T. (2005). Quantitative versus qualitative risk assessment. In Information security risk analysis (2nd ed., pp. 77-114)., Notes, Introduction, qualitative, good for prioritizing risks but not measuring costs vs. benefits, quantitative, good for prioritzing based on cost but measurements may end up having a qualitative interpretation, GAO report finding, RM works best when have a simple process that can be applied to many aspects of an organisation, involving business and technical people, Qualitative, Outlines a 10-step process for Qualitative Risk Assessment, 1. Scope Statement, 2. Assemble a Team, broad representation, see Table 4.4 for example team, 3. Identify Threats, Long table given, 4. Prioritize Threats, 5. Threat Impacts, 6. Risk Factor Determination, threat * probability * impact, 7. Identify Safeguards and controls, 8. Cost-Benefit Analysis, 9. Rank Safeguards, 10. Risk Assessment Report, Augment 10-step process with tables, give numerical ranges which can be applied to all costings, value of assets, cost of disruption, reputation cost, Threat Evaluation Matrix, tabulate probability against impact, identify critical High/Medium/Low regions, The 30 minute approach, ISRA, a facilitated process, uses CIA as the basis, based on a simple 2 x 3 matrix, Munteanu, A. (2006). Information Security Risk Assessment: The Qualitative Versus Quantitative Dilemma. Paper presented at the Proceedings of the 6th International Business Information Management Association (IBIMA) Conference., Notes, Introduction, Issues in Information Security RM, inconsistent or too general definitions, lack of rigour, subjectivity, lack of up-to-date data, different standards that are essentially the same, discovered the same principles, reviews, NIST, OCTAVE, OECD, ISO, Qualitative Limits, lack of good data, estimating likelihoods of threats is hard, subjective, Quantitative Limits, better to have some quantitative measurements than none at all, review of, ALE, ARO, SLE, EF, "It is not easy to apply these formulas", mention Canadian Risk Assessment Guide, get from Scribd or Beat
Theme, Taking out an insurance policy is the most common approach for transferring risk. Cyber insurance, however, is still in its infancy and faces many challenges before being fully accepted as a market solution in the same way as traditional insurance.
Reference, Gordon, L. A., Loeb, M. P., & Sohail, T. (2003). A framework for using insurance for cyber-risk management. Communications of the ACM, 46(3), 81-85., Written 2003, which is 10 years ago, need an insurance approach, since cyber losses cost real business money, not so different from fire, there is liability with connecting to the Internet, connectivity risk, Describe a cyber-risk framework, some characteristics are unique, the attacker can be far removed, what is the extent of damage from a virus?, breaches are hard to detect, need new insurance products, which are being offered, Product considerations, Pricing, no "actuarial tables" available, current pricing strategies probably involve capping payouts, Adverse Selection, how do you identify "good risk" customers?, normally a security audit of a potential customer is required, pricing or selection may vary based on customer sector or technology choices, Moral Hazard, will taking out an insurance policy reduce commitment to best practices and keeping up to date?, use big deductibles, reduce premiums after mediation taken, insurance companies teaming with tech companies, Coverage, First Party coverage, to the company itself, Third Party, to someone else, capped payout limits, but still in the millions, expect to rise over time with more data, When to use?, perform risk assessment, mitigate, identify residual risk, insure if you find an appropriate policy, Majuca, R. P., Yurcik, W., & Kesan, J. P. (2005). The evolution of cyberinsurance., 2005, a bit later, The Issue, Insurer wishes to reap profit from premiums that exceed payouts, Insured wants to mitigate cyber risk and move on to other business activities, business case, Pricing, finding the optimal value is difficult, valuing intangibles, threat can change regularly and quickly, Spreading Risk, insurance works best when customers are all independent and losses are not related, several worms and malware have struck many companies at once, Cyber risks are excluded from existing policies, tested in court, no physical damage may invalidate a given policy, Initial policies joint offering between tech company and insurance company, small capped exposure, $250,000, table given, mostly from the late 90's, Drivers for new products, new demand after 9/11, global worms such as Code Red, DDoS, gathering of statistic to show how widespread problems are, increased legal requirements for the retention of information, post Enron, business people involved as they could go to jail, see Table 3, specialised, narrower coverage, options for exclusion, options for differentiation to customers, Problems to be addressed, Adverse Selection, unable to determine if applicant is high-risk or low-risk, but applicant normally knows this, pricing diagram hard to follow, require thorough risk assessment for applicants, questionaires, physical assessments, can be costly and discourage applicants, Moral Hazard, insurance provides dis-incentives to continue with good security posture, addressed by exclusions, see Table 5, capped liability
Reference, Slovic, P. (1987). Perception of risk. Science, 236(4799), Notes, Risk Perception, Judgements people make when characterize and evaluate hazardous activities and technologies, the survival instinct writ large, What we have, chemical and nuclear technologies, catastrophic consequences, rare and often delayed, difficult to assess by statistics, not well suited to management by trial and error, underlying mechanisms, complex technologies that are, unfamiliar, incomprehensible, analysts can use RM, but non-specialist use, risk perception, which are subjective judgements, often informed by media, what do people mean when they say something is "risky", important to health and safety policy makers for example, Research, Sociology, hazards mediated by social influences, friends, family, co-workers, Psychology, rooted in assessing, probability, utility, and decision making, identified mental models, that give us, heuristics and, biasses, Dobelli book, initial views strongly resistant to change, even given evidence, search for confirmation not contradiction, Psychometric Paradigm, discover expressed preferences for risk, Table 1, ranks the risk of 30 activities or technologies by 4 groups, no IT Risk!, Factor Analysis, risk perceptions are correlated, via factors, can explain key characteristics of perception, Figure 1, landscape view of activities or technologies on two scales, Uncertainty, unknown, unobservable, new, delayed manifestation of harm, Dread, perceived lack of control, catastrophic potential, fatal consequenes, uneven distribution of risks and benefits, these two factors define a "factor space", quadrant approach, see Fig 2, cognitive map, horizontal for dread, most important, want this regulated, vertical for unknown, cf. WEF measures, Accidents as Signals, the spread of the impact from an event, traditional measures, loss of life, property damage, Three Mile Island Accident, 1979, no deaths but large societal cost, created huge costs for, company, nuclear industry, regulation, society, not isolated, Bhopal India, Dow, Challenger Space Shuttle, Chernobyl, larger ripple events on people in general, alters their perception of the event in the factor space, train accidents with chemicals sending stronger signals than train accidents with people, more ripple, effort and expense beyond cost-benefit analysis may be required, potential loss of reputation, lawsuits, Public Exceptance, for example, will people accept nuclear power?, generally seen as risks greatly outweighing benefits, some experts see this as irrational, correct but ineffective, nuclear power leads to nuclear weapons, is is possible to educate people to another view, Perspective, express hazards in a unidimentional index, such as death, risk per hour, attempt to explain relative magnitudes of risks, Asgharpour, F., Liu, D., & Camp, L. J. (2007). Mental models of security risks. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 4886, 367-377, Notes, mental model, internal conception of how something works in the real world, risk communication, messages formulated by experts to warn a community of non-experts against threats, not conveying "truth" but prompting to appropriate action, security awareness, increase efficacy by taking these models into account, differing levels of knowledge between expert and non-expert, make risk communications with this in mind, environmental risks, medical risks, privacy risks, how to extract mental models?, not easy, many methods, card sort, sort cards into piles to express preferences, ran experiments, 74 participants, varying knowledge, provide 66 words, allow participants to cluster, tested these models, security models to be considered, physical security, medical infections, criminal behaviour, warfare, economic behaviour, use multi-dimensional analysis to give visual representation, distance mean dissimilarity, similar to factor space, explain how this is calculated, tables and analysis in Appendix, findings, none of the 5 proposed models has a good fit with the participants, further research is needed
Theme, The relational risk assessment process was pioneered by the author of your text, Kevin Day. It is similar in style to a qualitative risk analysis, but with more emphasis on concepts such as vulnerability inheritance and chained risks.
Reference, Return to the textbook, chapter 8, Notes, Security Audits, very important, proactive tool, think in terms of risk and threats, threat, a bad thing that might happen, risk, the impact of a threat, support decisions, under or over protecting?, Traditional assessments, quantitative, simple example in Table 8.1, qualitative, repeat the example in Table 8.1, Issues, give a formal and repeatable assessment process, nice, drawbacks, quant, how to assign numbers, costs, likelihoods, time intensive, qual, based on opinions, may vary widely, large effort of many people to collect, Wisdom of Crowds, interpretation of results, both, do not scale to large environments, Who or what does scale?, hard to evaluate security relationships, next section, overly complex results, not actionable, not decision-friendly, Relational Security Model, Combination of qual & quant, www.relationalsecurity.com, seems to be doing well, video, ppt, Basic Rules, use reasonable worst case scenario, avoid tunnel vision, avoid existing measures, consistent scale and measures, downtime example, Patterson paper, Risk Levels, measures "degree of risk", like say data classification model, secret, classified, ..., Risk Factors, A risk factor is an individual detail about an object in relation to an organization, factual basis for assigning Risk Level, Controls, specific to each object being considered, Server, Router, Mobile Device, levels here as well, example, differing types of locks on a door, score or rate objects, risk level vs. control, applied level (current) vs. required (planned), Tactical process, this means "lightweight", affordable, accurate, useful, easy-to-comprehend, steps, preparation, object discovery, define scope and what is there, e.g. network IP ranges, risk assessment, understand each object, discover risk factors, discover risk level, control discovery, vulnerability scanning, hands-on audit, desktop audit, physical inspection, compile and score data, report and review, Analytical measures, process above simplifies audit process most of the time, assessments beyond objects, Apply The Eight Rules of Security Defense from Chapter 4, Architecture, Perimeter, Internal, Applications, OWASP, Additional considerations, Acceptable risk, sign-off on residual risk, staffing an audit, One vital requirement for an audit is that the entire team must have a common understanding of the organization, its risk levels, and the related risk factors.
Theme, Is our security better this year than last year? Could you respond? And if so how?
Reference, Jaquith, A. (2007).Defining security metrics. In Security metrics: Replacing fear, uncertainty and doubt (pp. 9-37). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Addison-Wesley., Notes, Conumdrum, Security experts have trouble answering, Is security better this year?, What am I getting for my security dollars?, How do I compare to my peers?, Answered by other businesses, other cost centres, Measurement, only viable alternative to the old-world security model, murky domain of oracles and sooth-sayers, get beyond FUD, drivers, fragile nature of information assets, provable security, improving security is only bounded by what you can pay, cost pressures, competition for the technology budget, accountability, mandated mechanisms for controlling security risks, Security measurement and quantification is a stumbling block for risk, Roadblocks to sharing information, lack of common terms and metrics, vocubulary fraught with imprecision and overlapping meanings, people have considerable strength to argue about this, potential legal issues, general lack of trust, Modelling metrics, modelling vs measures, modelling, mental model to compensate lack of data, think about equations and data, measurement, self-rewarding activity, think about, what actually happened, Table 2.1 shows differences, author admits he is looking for causality as does not have math background, determine from incident data which controls work best, correlation does not produce understanding, good models provide rational for measurement, Other areas to borrow from, quality control, vast topic, public health, again vast, could use concept of herd immunity, Nimda worm, virulence and immunity, create a body similar to the US CDC, http://www.cdc.gov/, electronic analogs to the CDC's epidemiologic coverage:mandatory reporting of communicable diseases,statistical identification of excess incidence,and longitudinal trend analysis to calibrate epidemiologic models, portfolio management, balance risk and reward across several investements, more control on risk setting and calculate aggregate position, accelerated failure testing, testing by compressing time, lifetime of abuse all at once, compare to, a penetration test, insurance, estimating risk using long term data, assumes some stability in the data set, factors that impact life expectancy are changing, much fluctuation in technology world, cyber insurance covers named risks, how much cascade effect is there in an incident?, how far does the damage spread?, What makes a good metric?, goal is to answer business questions meaningfully, such as " Am I spending the right amount of money?", The primary goal of metrics is to quantify data to facilitate insight., other industry metrics, freight, cost per mile, warehousing, cost per square foot, cable TV, average revenue per user, characteristics, easy to explain and calculate, transparent, expressed in common units, permit benchmarking, compare with, defense in depth, security is a process, no security in obscurity, What makes a good metric?, characteristics given in Table 2.4, consistent, not subjective, repeatable, different from ratings, would two people get the same answer?, cheap to gather, number or percentage, cardinal, size, not ordinal, rank, "traffic lights" and RAG charts are not metrics, use a unit of measure, context specific, must invoke meaning in a context, avoid the "So What?" response, What makes a bad metric?, basically the opposite of above, False metrics, Security Framework measurements, taxonomies, fixation for ISO 17999, it is a safe horse to bet on, Conventional Wisdom, It worked as an audit standard so why not here?, but it is not about measurement in any real sense, ALE, Dan Geer comment, "The numbers are too poor to even lie with", modelling outliers, estimating probabilities, sensitivity to changes in assumptions, math is deceptively simple, practitioners of ALE suffer from a near-complete inability to reliably estimate probabilities or losses., you can make those numbers say anything you want, gives a long personal example on modelling component failures, Fig 2.3


text:
Dedicated Freight Corridor Corporation of India Limited (DFCCIL) invites application for the recruitment of Manager with LLB/ LLM holders
|Company name
|Dedicated Freight Corridor Corporation of India Limited (DFCCIL)
|Rs.29,100-54500/- p.m
|Total Vacancy
|01 Posts
|New Delhi
|Application Last date
|17 – Nov – 2014
Details of Post :
Dedicated Freight Corridor Corporation of India (DFCCIL), is a schedule 'A' Public Sector Undertaking under the administrative control of Government of India (Ministry of Railways). It is the most ambitious and biggest ever project in infrastructure sector, set-up to give economy a boost and build high capacity and high speed rail freight corridors along the golden quadrilateral and its diagonals. The first Phase comprises of construction of two dedicated freight corridors spanning the Mumbai-Delhi (Western DFC) and Delhi-Kolkata (Eastern DFC).
At present the company has its Corporate Office at New Delhi and Field Units at Mumbai,Surat, Vadodara, Ahmedabad, Ajmer, Jaipur, NOIDA, Ambala, Allahabad(East), Allahabad(West), Meerut, Mughalsarai, Tundla and Kolkata. The company invites applications from the regular employees working in Central and State Govt. departments, Subordinate, Attached Offices and Autonomous bodies under Central Govt.(being audited by C&AG), Central PSUs, Joint Ventures or any other form of organization between Central Govt. and State Govt. with minimum 50% stake held by Central Govt. for appointment on Immediate Absorption basis against the regular post of Manager(Law) at its Corporate Office at Delhi as detailed below
|Name of Post
|# of Vacancy
|Pay scale
|i) Graduate with LLB preferable LLM. Should have high skill in drafting and vetting finalization of all kinds of legal pleadings, documents, agreements; Should have fair knowledge of Construction projects Dispute Resolution, Litigation, Arbitration matters, Service matters and Labour Laws
Experience: Candidates Should have 7 years experience in dealing with legal matters
|29100-54500/- Per Month
How to Apply:
- Candidates satisfying the conditions of eligibility may submit their application in the prescribed format which may be downloaded from DFCCIL's website at www.dfccil.gov.in. The application should be properly signed. Application Form complete with all respect should be sent at the following address.Dy. General Manager/HR-I Dedicated Freight Corridor Corporation of India Ltd.5th Floor, Pragati Maidan Metro Station Building Complex,New Delhi – 110001
- Application should be sent on A4 size paper as per the prescribed format only. Certificate for proof of age or educational qualifications should be attached alongwith the application.
- The candidates should submit their applications through proper channel requesting their parent organization to forward their application along with NOC, D&AR and Vigilance Clearance and APARs/Working Reports, as applicable, for the preceding 04 years as mentioned above to DFCCIL. For proper appreciation of APAR, as applicable, the organization should forward their guidelines for determining the rating criteria.
- The envelope containing the application should be superscribed "Application for the post of Manager(LAW) 2014".
- Last date for receipt of application: 30 days from the date of publication in Employment News dated 18.10.2014.
Other instructions to the applicants:
- Application not submitted in the prescribed format will be summarily rejected. Candidates may keep photo copy of application sent for future record.
- Candidature will be cancelled at any stage of recruitment process or after recruitment/joining, in case any information provided by the candidate is found to be false or is not found in conformity with the eligibility criteria mentioned in this advertisement.
- No journey fare (TA/DA) for appearing in the interview will be reimbursable.
- The date of immediate absorption will be reckoned from the date of joining of the selected candidate in DFCCIL after acceptance of resignation by the competent authority in parent organization
Important dates to remember :
Last date to apply : 17 – Nov – 2014


text:
Home › Forums › Gear Forums › Make Your Own Gear › MYOG Advice
Apr 22, 2013 at 1:25 pm #1302059
Jason JohnsonBPL Member
I never thought I would make my own quilt but having researched for countless hours Im going to do it…BUT….I am very interested in hearing from those that already have, specifically what material you used for outer/inner..if you like it or if you wish you would have used something different.Apr 22, 2013 at 2:13 pm #1979443
Jerry AdamsBPL Member
@retiredjerryLocale: Oregon and Washington
I used WPB fabric, like from quest (2 oz/yd2) – too heavy, no need for the waterproofness since I sleep under tarp if it's raining – but that depends on your requirements
I used Nobul http://www.titaniumgoat.com/Fabric.html for liner – great! – light weight – if you are not careful with your gear it may rip or something?
I used Apex which is good – just have to quilt around perimeter
Maybe next time I'll use down because it weighs half as muchApr 22, 2013 at 2:33 pm #1979446
Michael PappasMember
@mpap89Locale: bay area
I used nobul (the original kind) and momentum 90t from thru-hiker.com with 850 fill down from diygearsupply
I highly recommend nobul for the liner but wouldn't use it for the outside. I think it's too fragile. It's really soft and feels great against the skin though.
i think starting with a synthetic insulation might be a good idea for you first quilt. there are so many less things to take into account and they're cheaper. Once you feel comfortable with that process take the plunge on a down quilt.
MichaelApr 22, 2013 at 3:06 pm #1979460
Adam RothermichBPL Member
@aroth87Locale: Missouri Ozarks
I ordered the down quilt kit from Thru-hiker when it was available only with the 1.1oz ripstop. It has worked fine, I've had next to no down leakage. It feels a little plastic on the skin when its humid out is my biggest complaint. I tried just stuffing the down by hand and it was a horrendous ordeal, I wouldn't do it again.
The next quilt I'm going to make is going to have a Nobul liner, Apex insulation, and M50 shell. Or maybe M90, I haven't made up my mind yet :) I'm leaning towards the lighter fabrics for the marginal weight savings since the Apex is going to be quite a bit heavier than using down. I'm going with Apex since its so much easier to work with, I used it for my wife's sleeping bag and it was a dream compared to working with the down.
AdamApr 22, 2013 at 3:11 pm #1979465
Roger CaffinModerator
@rcaffinLocale: Wollemi & Kosciusko NPs, Europe
See our MYOG article on quilts for lots of info.
CheersApr 22, 2013 at 3:45 pm #1979476
And ESpectator
@lunchandynnerLocale: Pacific Northwest
I made mine for less than $75 total price for everything. I bought 1.1 oz 30D Ripstop seconds from DIY Gear Supply, as well as the cords/toggles, thread and bought 5.0 APEX from Thru-Hiker. Snaps and sleeping bag strap buckles from local stores.
Total weight came in at 24 oz. I'm happy with that weight. Could be less if I used more expensive M50 or other lighter fabrics… but then the fabric cost alone would be near the TOTAL I spent.
It breathes just fine, and fabric is quite comfortable. The 5.0 APEX is plenty warm and packs down small enough for me.Apr 22, 2013 at 4:14 pm #1979487
Ryan SmithBPL Member
@violentgreenLocale: Southeast
I've made a few quilts and they are a lot of fun. Three of them are posted on BPL somewhere if you wanted to take a look. The first one used all 7D nylon and is by far my favorite. Soft as silk and light as a feather. The other two were for friends & used 30D nylon. The 30D is bomber stuff compared to the 7D, but is of course a bit heavier. Budget friendly too. I think both of the 30D quilts combined cost less than my 7D quilt.
RyanApr 23, 2013 at 11:12 am #1979751
Zachary SCOTTMember
I made one awhile back with a Pertex Quantum Outer from Thru-hiker and Momentum 90T inner. I would highly recommend this combination of materials. It strikes a good balance between weight, comfort, durability, and water resistance with the Pertex Fabric.Apr 23, 2013 at 11:36 am #1979758
John WestSpectator
@skyzoLocale: Borah Gear
When I made my down quilt, I used M50 for both the liner and shell material. Its a great fabric, but if I was to do it again, I would use M90 for the liner, as I think it feels better against the skin. However, I love my quilt the way it is, and I plan on using it for a long long time. 18oz in the stuff sack with 12oz of down. I've used it down to the low 20's with nothing but a base-layer on.Apr 23, 2013 at 1:32 pm #1979793
Andy DuncanBPL Member
@bluewaterLocale: SoCal
I've made quilts using M50 (thru hiker) for the liner & shell, 7d (tigoat) for the liner & shell, Pertex Quantum (Zpacks) for the shell and 7d for the liner, the old orange M50 for the shell & liner and the old black M55 for the shell & liner. Of all these combinations I like the Pertex Quantum for the shell and 7d for the liner best. I used a combination of Pertex Quantum for most of the shell and black M50 for the last few inches and the end of the footbox on a recent winter quilt.
The green Pertex Quantum from Zpacks sheds moisture well and is reasonably breathable (and looks good). The 7d is soft and comfortable, but I'm not sure it will be available again. M50 has a good dwr but is not very breathable and has a somewhat plastic feel. The Nobul1 (Tigoat) is very soft and more shear/see-thru than 7d and seems to be delicate.
I'm going to try using M50 for the shell and Nobul1 for the liner on my latest quilt. The M50 will protect from moisture while being over 30% lighter than Pertex Quantum and the Nobul1 should be comfortable on the inside. The quest for the 'perfect' quilt, will it ever end? Have fun!Apr 30, 2013 at 5:56 pm #1982087
Rebecca CanodeSpectator
I'm also trying to decide on fabrics for a quilt. It looks likes tigoat is out of 7d and the Nobul 1, so that leaves Momentum 90 or Nobul2 as a liner options. Any opinions on which would be better? Are there any other options?May 2, 2013 at 5:54 am #1982455
Cosmic OsmoMember
I used 1.1oz ripstop from DIYGearSupply for an outer shell, Nobul1 for inner liner, and 850+ down from Wilderness Logics for my quilt. The nobul1 really does feel great, but it isn't 100% downproof, which means I wake up with little fuzzies all over me. I don't think the loss of down is fast enough that it'll ever compromise the insulation of the quilt, but it's messy. I probably wouldn't use it again.
The 1.1 ripstop shell is great. Low cost, light enough weight, confidently strong, and a bit of water resistance as a failsafe. It makes just a bit of crinkling noise as the quilt moves around.
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text:
Alliteration in The Odyssey
Alliteration typically helps readers and listeners remember phrases and enjoy a poetic or rhythmic feeling in the language. The alliteration that exists in this poem is the result of translation. The original Greek version of this poem does not have alliteration. However, the translator used this poetic device not only to make the translation sound more poetic to the English reader.
Alliteration Examples in The Odyssey:
Note the use of alliteration here in the repetition of the "s" at the beginning of each word. Homer didn't use alliteration in this poem, and there aren't that many examples of it in ancient Greek texts. It is instead a byproduct of the translation into English, which attempted to preserve the poetry of the original by using modern tools like alliteration and assonance.
Homer does not want the audience to feel sorry for the Cyclops's death because he is not a respectable creature. Homer contrasts contrasts the violent action being performed with this bouncy alliterative phrase, which lightens the tone of the passage.


text:
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from Ghakkar)
|Pothowari, Hindko, and Urdu
The Gakhars (also Gakkhar or Ghakhar or Ghakkar) are a clan found predominantly in Pakistan.
Medieval Gakhars[edit]
The Gakhars had engaged in a long-running battle for sovereignty over the Salt Range.
The history of this region (the Salt Range) from the thirteenth century onward had been a sickening record of wars between the Janjuhas and the Gakkhars for political ascendancy.[1]
- ^ Bakshi, S. R. (1995). Advanced History of Medieval India. Anmol Publ. p. 142.
Further reading[edit]
- Gakkhar, A. S Bazmee Ansari, in Encyclopedia of Islam, 2nd ed.,Edited by J.H.Kramers et al., E.J Brill, Leiden, pp. 972–74.


text:
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text: April 22nd is Earth Day and in celebration of protecting the environment and finding peace in the world, the 16th annual HOPE Festival will be held in Orono this weekend. Children were practicing songs with members of Voices for Peace and other community members of all ages in Bangor. They are coming together to form the HOPE Festival Singers. About 60 people will be lending their voices to these songs. HOPE stands for Help Organize Peace Earth-wide. Organizers say many peace groups will be coming together for the festival. They say it is a way to encourage involvement, provide a peace group networking day and provide research and information on peace, justice, and environmental advocacy. It's also a chance for groups to sing songs with HOPE related messages. The festival is this Saturday, starting at 11 o'clock in the morning in the Student Recreation and Fitness Center on the UMaine Campus.


text: WESTERVILLE, Ohio, Feb. 7, 2014 /PRNewswire/ -- Otterbein University will offer a new major in systems engineering beginning in fall 2015. Students will have the option to enroll in Otterbein's four-year program, or in a pathway program being developed in partnership with Columbus State Community College (CSCC). Ohio will need to fill 274,000 STEM (science, technology, engineering and mathematics) jobs by 2018, and 34,000 of those jobs will be for people with degrees in Engineering, according to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (2011). Systems engineering offers a broader-based training than more traditional engineering degrees Otterbein's program will be unique for its innovative and interdisciplinary curriculum; level of personal attention to students; and commitment to the liberal arts. According to the National Academy of Engineering's report, The Engineer of 2020, tomorrow's engineers "will need to be multidisciplinary; and social, cultural, political, and economic forces will impact technological innovation." "Integrative, multidisciplinary learning is Otterbein's strength, and our curriculum combines the principles of mechanical, industrial and electrical engineering with our nationally-recognized Integrative Studies program. Otterbein engineers will be technically competent, have broad training and perspective, and will be well-positioned to solve problems in a wide range of contexts," said Aaron Reinhard, assistant professor of physics and interim director of the systems engineering program. "Otterbein continues to develop and launch innovative programs, like our zoo and conservation science program and now our new systems engineering program, that respond to students' needs and interests, as well as to significant career opportunities upon graduation," said Otterbein President Kathy Krendl. "The Otterbein curriculum is geared to what most Worthington Industries facilities are looking for; a multidisciplinary engineer that can handle a wide range of plant engineering tasks," said David Painter, operations manager at Worthington Steel. "Modern engineers must consider not only design challenges, but also environmental, economic, and ethical challenges as well. We expect our engineers will be leaders and will be well-positioned to solve such many-faceted problems," Reinhard added.


text:
Tasty Dog: Oak Park's Favorite Wiener?
Mixed emotions about the namesake snack
Few other Oak Park restaurants have received so much love as Tasty Dog.
I remember when the threat of moving this beloved hot dog stand from the south to the north side of Lake Street brought out battalions of concerned families with signs and righteous fervor in what seemed at the time oddly placed social consciousness. Turns out, what was put up in place of the old Tasty Dog was a retail space that now has "For Lease" signs in the windows.
With some help from the Village, Tasty Dog moved across the street and seems to be doing well enough.
I've always had mixed emotions about the namesake snack at Tasty Dog.
In some ways, Tasty Dog's version of the Chicago Hot Dog is a most virtuous rendition of this classic. With loads of veggies on top, this menu selection seems almost like a healthy choice.
In other ways, the Tasty Dog epitomizes one very problematic aspect of this regional sandwich: it's too damn big to fit in one's mouth. There is so much vegetation on top that you can't possibly get a little taste of all of it in one bite, so you end up eating what is essentially a small salad before you clear off the trimmings to get to the dog itself.
The Vienna dog was pleasantly garlicky, though with no discernible "snap," one of the few criteria dog enthusiasts apply to their wieners of choice (not counting the foolishly self-righteous disdain of ketchup).
In Oak Park, our hot dog choices are relatively limited, but even if we had a few more dog stands, it's likely Tasty Dog would remain the top choice because it's near the high school, it has a history, and it seems a part of many Oak Park lives.
It hardly has to be good. Fortunately, it ain't bad.
Reader Comments
5 Comments - Add Your Comment
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David Hammond from Oak Park, Illinois Facebook Verified
Posted: December 7th, 2011 6:14 PM
Drum Roll Please, if you like this joke, you should hear how it's delivered by the OD'd-then-revived wife of Marcellus Wallace in "Pulp Fiction." It earned a bemused snort from Vince Vega.
not so tasty from oak park
Posted: December 7th, 2011 4:59 PM
I have visted Tasty Dog 3 times and have been disappointed each time. Their version of a Chicago dog is sad. Drive a few miles north to Harlem and Armtage to Dog Day Afternoon and sample a dog that snaps when you bite into it. This guy operates in an old trailor and didn't need or want any taxpayer help.
elaine abbinante from North Riverside
Posted: December 7th, 2011 4:58 PM
Whenever I'm in OP, a trip to Tasty Dog is a must. Great dogs and other stuff
Tasty dog fan
Posted: December 7th, 2011 4:37 PM
What do you mean "it ain't bad"? It's darn good - and we've been eating them for over 15 years.
Drum Roll Please......
Posted: December 6th, 2011 10:01 PM
%u2022Three tomatoes are walking down the street -- a poppa tomato, a momma tomato, and a little baby tomato. Baby tomato starts lagging behind. Poppa tomato gets angry, goes over to the baby tomato, and squishes him... and says, 'Ketchup.'
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text:
Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
PURPOSE: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a major health problem with substantial morbidity and mortality. Renal risk factors like nephrotic syndrome and glomerulonephritis are well documented but the association with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end stage renal disease (ESRD) is limited. Both CKD and ESRD are pro inflammatory states and there is a well established nexus between inflammation and coagulation. However patients on ESRD also frequently receive anticoagulation mostly in the form of heparin during dialysis session. We hypothesized that the frequency of VTE would be higher is patients with CKD but lower in the population with ESRD. We also examined the effects of CKD and ESRD on the outcomes of VTE.
METHODS: Using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample 2007, patients older than18 years of age, discharged with primary diagnosis of VTE and any diagnosis of CKD stage 1-5 or ESRD were identified through appropriate ICD-9, clinical modification codes. Outcome variables included frequency and in-hospital mortality of VTE in CKD. The similar outcomes of VTE in ESRD patients was examined separately. Multivariate regression analysis was used to adjust for age, sex, clinically relevant co-morbid conditions and PESI score.
RESULTS: There were estimated 1,800,261 discharges with CKD and 936,252 with ESRD in 2007. The frequency of VTE in non-CKD, CKD and dialysis population was 0.58%, 0.69% and 0.43% respectively. After adjusting, the frequency of VTE was significantly reduced (OR 0.65; 95%CI 0.61-0.69) in dialysis patients while it was not significantly different in CKD patients.In-hospital mortality in patients admitted with primary diagnosis of VTE was 2.0% in non-CKD patients and 4.68 % for CKD (adjusted OR 1.38, 95%CI 1.11-1.70) and 5.7% for ESRD(adjusted OR 1.48; 95%CI 1.03-2.13).
CONCLUSION: Using nationally representative data, this observational study showed that frequency of VTE is significantly lower in patients with ESRD but not in patients admitted with CKD. VTE was associated with a higher mortality in patients with CKD and ESRD.
CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: The frequency of VTE is significantly lower in ESRD patients but not in CKD patients.
DISCLOSURE: Gagan Kumar, No Financial Disclosure Information; No Product/Research Disclosure Information
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text:
Mercedes-Benz Forum (http://www.benzworld.org/forums/)
- W124 E,CE,D,TD Class (http://www.benzworld.org/forums/w124-e-ce-d-td-class/)
- - Delayed upshift on E420 (http://www.benzworld.org/forums/w124-e-ce-d-td-class/1627197-delayed-upshift-e420.html)
Delayed upshift on E420
I've recently purchased a '94 E420 and have spent the past couple weeks fixing minor problems and getting used to it. Since I've become more comfortable with flooring the throttle more frequently an odd shifting issue has cropped up. Shifting at anything other than WOT has been fine, under WOT fuel cutoff seems to kick in at 3500 rpm on the 2-3 shift and at 4000 rpm on the 3-4 shift. Under WOT upshifts do not take place unless I back off the pedal momentarily. I did do some searching and my problem sounds a lot like the one outlined here:
A few good ideas there but no definitive conclusion. Thus far I'm not sure where I should start looking but I want to say it's less of a transmission issue and more of a premature fuel cutoff problem. The rpm points of 3500 and 4000 would seem far too early for a full-throttle upshift, shouldn't normal full-throttle behavior be more like this:
That type of thing above simply does not happen with my car as is. I don't want to blindly throw parts at the problem, I'd be more interested in getting to the root of the issue and knowing if anyone else has dealt with this type of thing.
I should mention two things that might be related. I noticed the accelerator cable was slack and I tightened it up a bit, the ignition and engine were off but could this have messed with the ETA (refer to E500 thread above)?
The second thing had to do with the starter cutoff switch (or so I thought), an occasional no start in park turned out to be two dissolved shifter bushings. I got the idea from another thread that the early fuel cutoff may have been connected with a maladjusted starter cutoff switch, (ECU would not recognize that the shifter was in drive). I ended up replacing the bushings, adjusting the linkage length and not touching the starter cutoff switch; the intermittent no start problem has gone away so I would assume that the ECU is not being misinformed about shifter position, is there a way to confirm?
Yesterday I built a DTC reader and pulled codes to see what would turn up, here are the results:
Pin 6 (ABS) - code 13 (brake lamp switch)
Pin 7 (CC/ISC) - code 5 (stop lamp switch), 6 (n/a to US cars) and 11 (fuel safety shutoff)
Pin 19 (DM) - no response
All other modules checked out ok (1 blink), I found it odd that pin 19 did nothing at all.
Not sure why codes 13 and 5 are coming up, the brake lights seem to work fine.
Code 11 pretty much confirmed my suspicions about what was happening, under WOT the car pretty much falls on it's face at either 3500 or 4000rpm and will not upshift until one backs off the pedal.
But now what? This document (http://www.w-124.info/w124/DTC_List_W124_M119.pdf) makes reference to "23 - 18.0" in the "Test step/Remedy" column regarding code 11; I have no idea if that document comes from the manufacturer or what so I'm not sure where to go from this point. Now would be a good time for some input from someone familiar with MB service literature/trouble-shooting procedures.
Do you know the 38 pin connector is oriented upside down when looking down at it? If so The codes you pulled maybe wrong.
Good Luck.
Note the locating slots for the diag connector, use those as a guide
to the pin location.
Location of the indexing notches on the connector confirms that the pin sockets I'm looking at are indeed the ones I think they are. I went ahead and erased all codes and put on a few drive cycles, the only code to come back is 6 from pin 7. A few other DTC documents I've looked at say that a code 6 may actually be valid for a U.S. car, it corresponds to the starter lockout switch. The fuel cutout issue is still present as I've run the engine up to 4000 rpm a few times with the same "fall on face" results; how many times would that have to happen to trigger a code 11?
The return of code 6 has me concerned about the state of the neutral safety switch, I have a extra used one that I can toss in with little effort. The intermittent no-start problem went away when I replaced the shifter bushings, common sense tells me that if the car starts in park and neutral only then the neutral safety switch is not sending bad information anywhere else, could I be wrong?
to the LH module and has 2 extra pins as well for idle increase/decrease.
The problem you describe could very well be a bad switch.
It's not just P + N start any more to diagnose.
Swapped out and adjusted the NSS, no change. I haven't yet checked if code 6 is back but it seems likely. I'd like to test the current NSS in situ as well as the wiring between it and the LH module, is there some sort of document outlining the NSS in detail so I can figure out what to test for?
Last night I took apart my original NSS (a used one is currently installed). Though pics of the NSS's innards are relatively easy to find there don't seem to be any of the circuit board that also resides inside:
W124 :: NSScircuitboard.jpg picture by evermod - Photobucket
Aside from functioning as a starter lockout and reverse light switch the NSS also serves as a gear position indicator as pointed out by Clarkz71. Withing the NSS are two sets of contact points, one set is closed only when the shifter is in park or neutral (starter lockout), the other set is closed only when the shifter is in reverse (you guessed it).
There are two pins on the NSS that are smaller than the other four, these lead to the gear position circuit, the circuit runs through one of the smaller pins, through a slider and then through one of six resistors depending of shifter position and finally back out of the second small pin. Here are the measured values for each resistor (ohms):
3 - 5,900
2 - 3,100
I also decoded the color bands to make sure the measured values agreed with the actual ratings:
N - 23,000 +/- 1% (I checked this one multiple times)
3 - 5,900 +/- 1%
2 - 3,090 +/- 1%
It appears all the resistors from the disassembled switch with exception of the one for "N" were within the rated tolerance. The two small pins on the NSS are connected to pins 3 and 4 on the CC/ISC module as shown in this diagram:
The resistor circuit portion of the NSS is shown as "S 16/3". My guess is that some sort of reference voltage is fed through the resistor circuit and whatever is returned to the CC/ISC module indicates the transmissions gear position. When I get some time I will confirm what is coming from the module; I did have time today to test the currently installed switch at the CC/ISC module plug, here are the results of that:
3 - 5,930
So yeah, the used switch I installed appears to be a mess, the original switch could've been just as bad as the measurements shown for those resistors were taken directly off the removed circuit board.
The results for the "D" resistor are not as far off as I would like, they are just beyond the 1% rated tolerance but I can't say if they fall outside an acceptable value for the CC/ISC module. It goes without saying that the results for the "R", "N" and "2" resistors show that a new switch is in order regardless. I really want to simulate a proper "D" position value, feed that to the CC/ISC module then test drive, but I have a feeling that if any weirdness is detected in any of the gear positions the system will simply default to a fuel safety shut-off mode.
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