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Some 69.7% of Azerbaijan's 5.2mn registered voters cast ballots in a controversial referendum on constitutional amendments that are expected to strengthen the grip on power of President Ilham Aliyev. The figure exceeds the 25% minimum turnout necessary to validate the results, which will be announced by October 21, Azerbaijan's Central Election Commission (CEC) said, and is higher than the 50% average turnout at parliamentary and presidential elections in recent years.
An exit poll organised by the Citizens' Labour Rights Protection League in collaboration with US consultancy AJF& Associates placed the 'yes' vote at 88.9%. The poll was based on 32,400 interviews conducted at 450 voting stations, and placed the voter turnout at 67.5%.
Critics have accused the proponent of the referendum, President Aliyev, of seeking to enshrine his already great executive powers in the constitution and to pave the way for his family to succeed him should he fall sick or step down. In July, Aliyev introduced a decree calling for a referendum on constitutional amendments that would seek to introduce two new offices in the state administration - that of the vice president and of the first vice president, positions that he would appoint and dismiss; extend the presidential term from five to seven years; and scrap the requirement that presidential and parliamentary candidates be over 35 and 25 years old, respectively. His proposal came shortly after the attempted coup d'etat in Turkey, which is one of Azerbaijan's main commercial and diplomatic partners.
The two new offices would give the head of state absolute control over who succeeds him, and critics have accused Aliyev of seeking to appoint his wife Mehriban, who is an MP, or his son Heydar to one or both offices. Under existing legislation, the prime minister would replace the president as interim head of state if the latter falls sick or steps down. Furthermore, the constitutional amendments would further limit freedom of assembly in the repressive country by granting the government even greater control over the civil society.
The enfeebled opposition in Azerbaijan, which comprises of four main parties – Musavat, the Popular Front and Nida and Real movements – organised protests in the lead-up to the referendum, but failed to mobilise the Azerbaijani population against the event.
In an email to bne IntelliNews, Razi Nurullayev, chairperson of the Popular Front, explained that the lack of unity among opposition parties has allowed Aliyev to enhance his powers undaunted. "Is the ruling party strong? No, they are not strong. The opposition is weak and can't get support from the nation due to infighting," he lamented, while noting that "Azerbaijanis are neither with the regime, nor with the opposition", but rather consumed by financial worries that have exacerbated in the last year as the economy has slid into recession.
The government's crackdown on critics has contributed to the weak opposition to the referendum, as Baku has moved to arrest scores of demonstrators and opposition activists all over the country in September. Democracy watchdog Amnesty International decried the arrests and intimidation in a report on September 23. "All major elections in recent years in Azerbaijan have been marked by crackdowns on the rights to freedom of expression, peaceful assembly and association. In the last three years, virtually all the outspoken human rights defenders and other prominent government critics... have been targeted through arrest and imprisonment on trumped up charges," its report notes.
The event has received little interest from international orgnisations. The only European organisation that sent a monitoring mission was the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe (PACE). Meanwhile, the Organisation for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) did not send a mission to the referendum or to the parliamentary elections that took place in November 2015 after Baku severely restricted the number of monitors that it would allow in the mission.
Meanwhile, CEC claims that it has closely monitored voting at polling stations using local and some 117 international observers, as well as cameras placed at 20% of the 5,600 voting stations. However, videos filmed by Radio Free Europe/ Radio Liberty (RFE/RL) appear to show duplicate voting at various stations in Baku through a practice called carousel voting, in which voters are driven around in vehicles to cast votes in several stations.
If the results of the referendum are in favour of changing the constitution – and they are likely to be – Aliyev would not have to run for office again until 2020. The Azerbaijani government now has almost a month to count the ballots and report the results.
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Buy Red Wine Online
From light fruity red wines to full bodied, luscious reds, Buy Fine Wine have sourced red wines for all palates.
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
Topsheets with silkscreened graphics are printed on the backside of a transparent and impact-resistant topsheet material. This protects extremely well against damage without compromising design or color.
The application of a clear varnish coating on a board's topsheet makes it even more durable and slick and prevents snow from sticking to the board. Partial grip varnish or a matte screen print, adds a tangible 3D effect with depth and special light reflecting qualities.
Screen printing with a matte lacquer finish makes the topsheet feel like suede and adds grip. Additionally, the combination of matte and glossy lacquers offers visual depth and a stylish 3D look.
This new, matte texture doesn't only make the topsheet more scratch resistant but also adds anti-slip characteristics which come in handy when pushing or riding one foot. It also prevents snow from sticking to it.
For this topsheet the Grip Lacquer is only applied zonally, giving the board an integrated stomp pad as well as an extra special look. Depending on the design, there are coarse or finer grains inside the lacquer – with or without glitter.
At only 0.3mm, this high-tech razor thin topsheet guarantees maximum weight reduction but requires a specific print technology.
This is an especially scratch resistant and sturdy topsheet for rental use.
To guarantee the most stable and smooth ride, a new three dimensional construction technique to cushion disruptive vibrations was added in 2014/15. This incorporates free-floating mass dampeners that effectively counter vibrations with their own swing mass. Since the most oscillation occurs in the tips, the UVO is built near the top of the nose to minimize vibrations. Thanks to the 3D dampeners it works for blows and vibrations from all directions (360°). This ensures that the edges stay in contact with the ground (or are only disconnected very briefly), making the board ride a lot smoother while keeping perfect edge grip. Since the UVO technology is mounted freely it doesn't interfere with the dynamics and liveliness of the board.
The Anti-Vibrations-System is integrated directly into the topsheet underneath the bindings and absorbs all bumps and shocks with its special rubber/gel layers. The AVS unfurls its potential most noticeably when a board is on an edge, providing tremendous dampening and absorbing all vibrations.
With their special shape and positioning the Smart Torsion Inlays (made of special hardwood) enhance torsional stiffness, since pressure and power are distributed equally along the whole board and transferred to the edges. This results in better control and maximum hold for high-speed runs.
Topsheets with integrated barcodes were specifically developed for the rental market to enable keeping track of servicing the boards as well as rentals.


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Pack less. Be more.
Home › Forums › General Forums › General Lightweight Backpacking Discussion › Recommendations for Glacier NP in August
@aroth87Locale: Missouri Ozarks
It looks like I might be going to Glacier NP for a week this August. Since I've only ever hiked in Missouri, I thought I would tap the wealth of experience here.
I suppose I should preface by listing some of the gear I have. I've got a homemade down quilt that I've used into the upper 20's. I've got a poncho-tarp, a solo spinnaker tarp, and an 8×10 silnylon tarp. I've got a windshirt and synthetic insulating jacket (both Thru-hiker kits). I've got an older Marmot Precip that still works ok except for the heaviest down pours. Finally, I have a pair of Inov-8 Flyrocs that I get along well in.
So, what I'm asking you is what sort of conditions I might expect around mid-August. Should I invest in a good pair of rain gear? Should I get a bivy or go for a tarptent? Are Flyrocs going to be up to the task of the terrain? Am I worrying too much?
If anyone has advice I would be happy to hear it. Since I got my tax return I have a little extra cash to spare and gear seems like a good thing to use some of it for.
@djpfiveLocale: Arizona
$50 for bear spray
@djpfiveLocale: Arizona
And camera!
@sharaldsLocale: Gallatin Range
I've posted a number of good trip suggestions throughout the pages of BPL if you search for them. The trails in Glacier are well-maintained and I've hiked 2/3 of them in running shoes.
There is always the possibility of rain (or even snow) so for comfort's sake a tarp or tent will be nicer than a bivy. As with any backpacking trip in the Rockies one should always carry some insulating gear (warm hat, puffy coat or fleece) and a sleeping system good to forty deg F or so).
Much of the water in Glacier can be consumed without treatment so you only need carry minimal treatment such as Aquamira or Klearwater. Bear bagging is required everywhere in the park so remember to pack the proper equipment for the job.
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And start dating


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Advance Search Forward & Reverse. Beginner's Series. {sounds of throat clearing}. Hydraulic Symbols HYS102 Part D Pressure Control Valves. Please advance each slide at the tone. 1. Each member of the pressure control family starts with a square.
Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author.While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server.
Advance Search Forward & Reverse
Beginner's Series
{sounds of throat clearing}
Hydraulic Symbols
Part D
Pressure Control Valves
Please advance each slide at the tone.
1. Each member of the pressure control family starts with a square
4. Add a dashed line from the inlet port to the top of the valve
2. Yes, good job. The 2 little lines are the ports
5. Add a spring, and while you're on a roll, put an arrow thru the spring at a 450 angle
3. Add an arrow to indicate the flow path thru the valve
1. Excellent! We have a relief valve
5. Until pilot pressure in the dashed line is high enough to overcome the spring force
2. The flow path arrow is not in alignment with the ports
6. Yon 450 arrow means that the spring, and thereby, the pressure setting of the valve, is adjustable
4. The spring holds the valve closed
What have we learned so far?
1. A relief is one member of the pressure control family
2. The valve is held in its normally closed state by the spring until the pilot pressure exceeds the spring setting
3. The arrow thru the spring shows that the spring is adjustable
1. A sequence valve symbol is the same as a relief with the addition of an external drain
2. Typically, a sequence valve is used to cause one cylinder or motor to start moving before another cylinder or motor
Sequence Valve
1. the counterbalance valve symbol is the same as a relief
2. Typically, a counterbalance valve is used to hold a load from falling
Counterbalance Valve
What have we learned so far?
4. A Sequence valve has an external drain
5. A counterbalance valve symbol is the same as a relief valve
External pilot
Internal pilot
1. A brake valve symbol is the same as a relief and includes an external pilot line in addition to the internal pilot line
2. Typically, a brake valve is used to brake the speed of a freewheeling hydraulic motor
Brake Valve
External pilot
1. An unloading valve symbol is the same as a relief, but it has external pilot
2. Typically, an unloading valve is used to unload a pump at low pressure
Unloading Valve
5. This valve, as well as most of the others, comes with an optional check valve
Normally open
1. The pressure reducing valve is the only normally open pressure control
2. Typically, it's used to reduce the pressure in a portion of the system
4. You know an external drain when you see one
3. It has internal pilot, but this silly thing has it coming from the outlet port
Pressure Reducing Valve
What else have we learned?
6. A brake valve has both internal and external pilot lines
7. An unloading valve is like a relief except it has an external pilot line
Thanks for hanging with me
Wanna hook all of these valves up? There's hands-on training in Birmingham
Close this window and click on the final module, then you're done


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I am pulling out my old 243 Rem Semi-Auto I used for many years as a youngster with outstanding success. Many downed deer with several 6-8 pointers dropped dead in their tracks. Lost only one due to a piss poor shot in the grazed the belly.
I have hunted for 10 or so years with 30-06 using grand slam bullets that were hand loaded for me.
I want to use my 243 again for several reasons, posterity the biggest. I will need to buy factory as my father does not reload the 243.
Recomendation for factory rounds? I will not shoot anything less than 100gr. I hunt northern WI, old growht, brush, swamp, etc. Seldom a shot beyond 40 yards. Some long distance swamp shots possible but have never needed to in my 25 years of hunting the same area.
Cartridges, manufacturer and cartridge series?


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Metal detection is a fun hobby that everyone from kids to adults can participate and enjoy. It is an outdoor activity that you can enjoy with family and friends. It opens up a whole new world of adventure and excitement and this has made it a favorite hobby for millions of adventure loving Americans.
If you are a beginner, you may get confused with the huge number of metal detectors available in the market. You can make the choice depending on your individual needs and preferences. The three factors that are important when making the choice include:
• Budget
• Location
• What you intend to find (gold, coins, antiques)
Before you choose the best metal detector available in the market it is advisable that you ask yourself questions related to this amazing hobby, so that you are able to make an informed choice.
1. What is your budget and how much do you want to spend?
One of the most amazing aspects about this hobby is that it pays for itself. It is not a costly indulgence but an investment that you are making. When you start finding valuables using the metal detector, you will be glad that you made the choice of buying one.
Buy the best one that you can afford. If you are serious about making money with this investment, you need to buy one that is extremely sensitive and is able to penetrate deep in the ground to find hard to find valuables.
2. Do you have any experience?
You do not have to worry, if you do not have any kind of experience. There are many beginner metal detectors available in the market and all that you need to do is to push a button and the pre-set settings can enable you to find gold, coins and other things easily.
3. Where do you intend to use the metal detector?
All purpose detectors make it easy to find valuables in parks, playgrounds, hunting camps, schools, mountains and other dry ground. If you live near the beach or lake and want to use the equipment to find coins and gold, you can opt for those that are waterproof.
4. What do you intend to find?
Most of the detectors that are manufactured nowadays are all purpose ones and you may be able to find coins, gold, antiques, relics, artifacts and jewelry. If you want to find buried treasure, you may have to opt for one that can go deeper that the standard detector.
5. How often do you plan to use them?
Do you plan to indulge in this exciting hobby only on weekends and holidays or other days too? Do you want to treasure hunt on vacations? Depending on how much you intend to use this amazing machine, it is best to buy one that is strong and rugged and can withstand the occasional drops and bumps.
Before you buy the metal detector of your choice, it is best to learn about the warranty and read reviews so that you can happily keep searching for hidden treasure with your family and friends for many years. http://www.amazon.com/s/ref=nb_sb_ss_c_ ... Caps%2C931
Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/expert/Rahul_Shariff/340605
Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/9354546
Top 5 Things to Remember When Buying a Metal Detector
Authors Sharing Their Best Articles Within Precious Metals
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Re: Top 5 Things to Remember When Buying a Metal Detector
Good Tips, need to dust mine off and head to my local beach, good hunting.
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Re: Top 5 Things to Remember When Buying a Metal Detector
Number 6, don't tell anyone what you find
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text:
I get an application error when I search for anything in my inventory. I've tried restarting the application and PC, no help. Any ideas?
3 Replies
· · ·
Jan 14, 2008 at 3:58 UTC
Have you changed the installation path of Spiceworks?
Have you kicked off a full scan since an upgrade?
· · ·
Jan 15, 2008 at 7:09 UTC
Ah, thank you.... I wasn't too worried about this error not fixing itself, and after a full scan it appeared to fix itself :) Thanks!
· · ·
Jan 15, 2008 at 11:19 UTC
I'm glad to hear it. Let us know if you have any further issues.


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FBS: GBP/USD dominated by bears
Tatyana Norkina, FBS analyst
The pair retraced into the 1.7040 area, clearly showing that the market is ready to extend bearish correction. However, the price met support at 1.7050 (lower border of the H4 Cloud), that limited the decline and returned it into the 1.7090 area.
Ichimoku. On the hourly chart there is a resistance. Bulls fail to overcome it (so far), despite the "golden cross" formation. At the same time, if the price fixes above the Kijun line, there is a potential for growth towards 1.7110.
Dead cross on the H4 chart and the narrowing point to a decline in the nearest future. Price fix below the hourly Cloud may be understood as a selling signal.
Technical levels: support – 1.6990, 1.7060; resistance – 1.7090, 1.7110, 1.7130.
Trade signals:
1Sell — 1.7080/1.7090; SL — 1.7120; TP1 — 1.7030; ТР2 – 1.6990.


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Free Bangla Books Download & Study Support
5 Benefits of Not Having Girlfriend
If you are looking for knowing the advantages of not having a girlfriend or boyfriend in your life, this article probably only for you!
1. Saving Time: It is the real true fact that your girlfriend is your time consumer! Yes! It is depended on you how much do you love her! Because, more love take more time to take care of her well. If you have not any girlfriend, it is good for you that you are able to save your time and spend it to develop your productivity and self-growing.
2. Sound Sleep: A person who having a girlfriend may not count how much pressure is going through his mind only for his girlfriend. But if there is no girlfriend of that person, He do not need to bear such kind of pressure in life and get sound sleep. Because, there is no disturbance from another person.
3. Spending Money Only For You: If a man engage with a girlfriend, He often requires to take her to a restaurant and eat as well as pay the bill. Besides such kind of expenses, To make love more comfortable and happier her, you often need to spend money only for gifting her different things. If you do not have a girlfriend, you can save such kind of money and expense a smart amount only for you to enjoy the life.
4. Your Worry About Your Look: Another advantages of not having a girlfriend is you don't need to be tensioned with your look.
5. Talking With All Girl: When you have a girlfriend, you need to be cautioned to speak with other girls except your girlfriend or except those girls who are well familiar with your own girlfriend. But If you do not have any, You can talk with any girl without feeling any pressure or hesitation of a girlfriend.
This is a simple article with showing the advantages of not having a girlfriend. The world is really full of mystery. We often see the advantages of having a thing. But we also often forget to see its disadvantages. The disadvantages of having a girlfriend is the main advantages of not having a girlfriend. However, if you are looking for knowing to impress a girl, you may check out How to win a girl's heart.


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Why should people learn a foreign language?
While people in many countries speak more than one language, the majority of Americans only speak English. Learning a foreign language is important not only for business purposes, but also for maki...
Read More »
Why Should Students Learn a Foreign Language?
Learning a new language can be a highly enjoyable experience. Not only does learning a new language teach you about another culture, it can enhance students' job prospects and knowledge of their na...
Read More »
When should children learn a foreign language?
On One Hand: Brain DevelopmentWhen babies are born, their brain cells begin to connect as soon as they experience something. When a baby hears language, his brain cells connect to the sounds and as...
Read More »
Should students be required to learn a foreign language to graduate?
On One Hand: Foreign Language as a RequirementMany experts advocate second-language credits for graduation because of their additional benefits. At GreatSchools.com, staff members say learning a se...
Read More »
Should all elementary school students be required to learn a foreign language?
On One Hand: Academic and Societal BenefitsBilingual students often perform better on verbal and English language tests than those who know only one language, according to Kathleen M. Marcos of ERI...
Read More »


text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|PCT number
|Publication date
|Sep 20, 2005
|Filing date
|Sep 22, 2000
|Priority date
|Oct 1, 1999
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Thore Brynielsson
|Original Assignee
|Ab Tryggit
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (13), Referenced by (29), Classifications (22), Legal Events (5)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This application is the national phase under 35 U.S.C. � 371 of PCT International Application No. PCT/SE00/01842 which has an International filing date of Sep. 22, 2000, which designated the United States of America, the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference.
The present invention concerns a method and a system for authentication of a request from a customer to a service provider.
A constantly recurring problem on the market in the case of purchases for which credit cards or bankcards are used is to establish the identity of the card user. Usually, each card has a specific code, for instance a four-digit number code, which in some stores may be inputted in a terminal in conjunction with the purchase. However, this is not a particularly attractive solution for an individual possessing a dozen cards, each having its specific code. Restaurants, for example, often employ the method of requesting the customer to sign a slip in confirmation of the transaction, and the signature serves as a post-check, should any doubt arise about the payment. This means that only long after the event will the cardholder notice if an unauthorized individual has utilized his card without his knowing. It might even happen that the personnel of the restaurant fraudulently charge the card with several transactions during the period when they alone have access to the card. It is often sufficient that a dishonest person gets hold of the number of the card to enable him to use the card on a later occasion.
According to prior-art technology intended for situations wherein a customer has recurrent contacts with e.g. a bank, the customer is equipped with a list of codes hidden by a rub-off film. The bank has access to the same list, which may be stored e.g. in the bank computer system. Each time the customer requests a transaction, for instance by telephone, he exposes one of the code number by rubbing off the film and then discloses the exposed number to the bank. The number is compared against the list in the bank, and a match ensures that the customer is the person he claims to be, or at least is in possession of the rub-off list in question.
According to prior-art systems devised to provide secure transactions for instance on the Internet, the user must have access to a small electronic device at the time of the transaction. Codes are exchanged between the computer and the electronic device in order to ensure that the user actually has access to the electronic device. This technology is employed above all in conjunction with banking services on the Internet when a customer uses the service comparatively often.
The solution involving the individual-related electronic device does, however produce two problems:
In the first place, it is possible for a skilful expert to copy the electronics, for example the ROM memory, of an electronic device to which he has access albeit briefly. The electronic device may then be returned to the owner who suspects no mischief. From then on, there is no possibility for the computer system to ascertain whether a request is made by the owner or the dishonest person.
In the second place, an electronic device is specific to each service provider, which means that a user of several services must carry with him several electronic devices. Consequently, there is a risk that he has forgotten the electronic device that is required for the occasion. In addition, it reduces the user's chances to keep an eye on all electronic devices, and a dishonest person can easily use a stolen device or copy a "borrowed" device before the user has had time to miss it.
When credit cards are used for payment over the Internet, generally only the number of the credit card serves as the authenticity check. It is possible to encrypt the credit card number, but if the encrypting code is cracked, a dishonest person could use the card comparatively freely until the time when the user receives a bill, usually at the end of a month. Electronic devices of the kind described above could of course be used to increase security, but the problems related to copying of the electronics of the device and the need for several devices do, of course remain.
Some providers of services offer systems on the Internet, according to which a person must first register as a customer and only then is he allowed to make purchases using his credit card. Like the system involving the electronic devices, these systems suffer from the disadvantage that they are specific to each service provider, making the user's life very complicated as he has to have contact with several service providers.
Other common services for which authentication of a user's authorization is needed are for logging in into computer systems and admittance into security-classified premises. These systems are based almost exclusively on the presentation of a user ID in conjunction with a code or a password, which in some systems are changed according to predetermined routines, or on security pass cards and an associated code. Generally speaking, the fact is that in our society a multitude of codes exists which it is difficult for the individual to remember. He might therefore be tempted to write down the codes somewhere, which reduces security.
The combination of disclosure of a code and an electronic device, which has to be physically available, improves security but at the cost of requiring several devices. Consequently, this technology hardly presents a universal solution to the problems outlined above.
There is therefore a need for a uniform system that might be used with several types of service requests and that allows the authenticity of the customer or user to be verified in a simple manner.
In the following description, a number of expressions will occur, which are defined as follows.
By the expression "commission" is to be understood generally a service that a person wishes to be rendered by a provider. For example, a commission could be a financial transaction delivered by a bank or similar establishment, but a commission could equally well be a request for admission into a building or for log-in into a computer system. To order such a commission is referred to as a "service request".
By the expression "service provider" is to be understood both the company carrying out the commission (such as a bank, a credit card company or a security company) and the equipment used to implement the commission (such as a door lock, an automatic teller machine or a computer system in log-in situations).
The "customer" is the individual requesting the commission from the service provider, and in the following description, the customer and the service provider are also users of the method and the system in accordance with the invention.
By the expression "database" is to be understood the data-storage memory unit as well as the software processing volumes of data and executing operations for instance for the purpose of comparing volumes of data.
By "mobile telephone" is to be understood herein a portable telephone, such as a cellular telephone (e.g. GSM) or the like. The expression naturally includes any portable telephones that may be developed in the future.
A purpose of an embodiment of the present invention is to solve at least one of the problems outlined above and/or to make it possible to satisfactorily authenticate a customer requesting a service.
A purpose of an embodiment of the invention is to make it possible to authenticate a customer requesting a service, such as by means of a universal method that may be made use of by several service providers without the provider requiring specific equipment, for example.
These purposes and/or other purposes are obtained in accordance with the teachings of embodiments of the invention by means of a method and/or a system.
In accordance with an embodiment of the invention, two identical code word sets are provided for each customer, one set being stored in a memory circuit in a mobile telephone and the other one being stored in a database. Authentication is performed by identification of the mobile-telephone subscription, extraction of a code word from the memory circuit, and the code word is checked against that code word set in the database that is directly or indirectly associated with the mobile-telephone subscription. The relative order of the above operational steps could, of course, be different; for example, the code word could be extracted from the memory circuit prior to identification of the mobile-telephone subscription.
One advantage of the method and system according to an embodiment of the invention compared with prior-art technology is that the code words are of a use-once-only character combined with the fact that no predictable algorithm is used to derive the next code word. To gain knowledge of the code words in a set requires that the memory circuit of the mobile telephone be actually physically stolen or else copied electronically.
In addition, the method and the system according to an embodiment of the invention may be used by an unlimited number of service providers. The only condition required of the service provider is possession of equipment by means of which he is able to establish connection with the database and transfer the code word and the identity, and to receive the results of the authentication. In addition, this means that by blocking his mobile-telephone subscription in the database, the user may easily block all services that make use of the system. One alternative is that the service provider himself owns the database or a subset thereof.
An additional advantage is that the system may be used completely in parallel with and independently of existing security systems. Thus, each service provider may choose on his own whether he wishes to join the system and thereby improve the security of his existing system.
Preferably, the code word is retrieved from the memory circuit in a predetermined order, which improves the security of the authentication further. Not only is a check made to establish whether or not the code word is included in the code word set that is associated with the stated identity, but also a check is made as to whether the code word is the correct one within the set.
In the memory circuit, it is possible to indicate when a code word has been used, and a similar indication may be made in the database. This possibility ensures that the memory circuit and the database agree as to from where in the predetermined sequence that the next code word is to be extracted. Consequently, the memory circuit and the database are prevented from getting "out of phase". This system may be equaled to the situation, wherein the customer carries on him a list of code words that are hidden by a rub-off coating. To use a code word, the customer needs to expose it by rubbing off the coated and the service provider exposes the corresponding hidden code word from his list in the same manner and compares the two. In order for the customer to be accepted, the correct list must be used, and in addition, the correct code word on the list.
One consequence of this procedure is that a dishonest individual, who has secretly gained access to a person's code word set, for example by having copied the memory circuit by electronic means, will only be able to use the memory circuit, if the person has not already made a request and in conjunction therewith used the next code word. Should the dishonest individual actually succeed in accomplishing a request, the fraudulent action will be revealed when next the person is to make a request, since the code word he then indicates will not be accepted. The mobile subscription will then be blocked, and the damage is minimized. This should be compared with the situation according to prior-art technology, when a security device, copied secretly, may be used by a dishonest individual until the owner receives an irregular account statement or similar information.
The step of identifying the mobile-telephone subscription preferably includes the steps of determining the identity of the customer, and based on the identity of the customer, identifying the mobile-telephone subscription. The identity of the customer may consist of suitable data, such as the personal identification number, a credit card number or a mobile-telephone number. The concept "identity" in this case actually only indicates the existence of a direct connection to an individual, and the data representing the identity might be exchangeable. For instance, the identity data from the customer to the service provider could be supplied in the form of e.g. the number of a bank card or a security pass card together with the associated code, or a user ID together with an associated code, and from the service provider to the database in the form of a mobile-telephone number or a predetermined ID number. However, the database must be able to associate the received identity data with a predetermined code word set, normally via the mobile-telephone number, in order thus to be able to check that the given code word has been retrieved from the correct memory circuit.
In accordance with a preferred embodiment, a request is sent to the customer to state a code word. The customer thus can request a service in a conventional manner, whereupon the service provider, as an additional security measure, demands a code word, which the customer retrieves from the mobile telephone. Preferably, the service provider in this case is in possession of information regarding which ones of its customers are connected to the system in accordance with the invention, and as the case may be, sends an inquiry to the database. The database thereafter requests that the customer state a code word.
The request may be forwarded to the mobile telephone via the telecommunication network, and the code word may be transferred from the mobile telephone to the database via the telecommunication network. Preferably, the customer gives his acceptance of transmission of the code word by pressing suitable keys on the mobile-telephone keypad. Because in this manner two separate communication routes are made use of, on the one hand a route between the service provider and the database and on the other between the database and the mobile telephone, security is improved additionally. A dishonest individual, who has caught and distorted information along the first communication route, has no possibility of predicting which mobile-telephone subscription or base station will be used as the next step of the authentication process.
A request forwarded to the mobile telephone, for example in the form of an SMS message or the like, may contain information on the transaction. This may be advantageous, for example in a situation when the card has been swiped through the card reader and has been accepted by the card company, but when the transaction amount has not yet been established. When the entire authentication process has been concluded, a dishonest individual could then state an erroneous amount, thus charging the account of the customer with too high an amount. By means of an SMS message as indicated above the fraud would be detected by the customer, who thus is informed of the fraudulent request to his mobile telephone and then is able to deny acceptance of the transaction.
The fact that the mobile telephone is contacted directly gives the user a possibility of detecting a fraudulent action as it is being perpetrated. He can then block the mobile-telephone subscription immediately, or block the card or the service exposed to the fraud. Let us assume that someone has stolen or copied a person's credit card and in addition has succeeded in obtaining the next code in that person's memory circuit. When the card is being used and a transaction is accepted by the database, a message is sent to the person's mobile telephone, whereupon the person is apprised of the fact that someone has used one of the code words in the memory circuit. Another possibility is to delay the request for a code word to the customer for a predetermined length of time, or to make use of two confirmations, spaced apart in time. This procedure would prevent a dishonest individual from using a mobile telephone, which is later returned to the owner, without the owner being aware thereof. The length of the delay may be adapted to ensure that the owner of the mobile telephone will have time to miss it and block it before a code-word request is sent to the mobile telephone and the order thus confirmed.
At the same time, this method permits a customer to allow a third person to use the customer's card for a particular service, for example to buy some merchandise. Irrespective of his whereabouts, the customer is informed of the purchase on his mobile telephone, and makes the final confirmation via his mobile telephone.
Particularly in the case of service requests via the Internet, it is advantageous that a request from the database or the provider of the service is made directly to the mobile telephone, since all Internet-transferred information is accessible to others to a larger or smaller extent. An SMS message made to the customer's telephone therefore is an excellent acknowledgement of the correctness of the transaction.
In accordance with another embodiment of the invention the identity of the customer and the code word retrieved from the memory circuit are transferred to the service provider, the mobile-telephone subscription associated with the customer is identified by the service provider, and the identities of the code word and the mobile-telephone subscription are transferred to the database by the service provider. This method allows the customer to transfer, directly in conjunction with the request, his identity as well as a code word to the service provider. The identification of the mobile-telephone subscription is then effected either by the service provider or by the database.
In accordance with a further embodiment of the invention a second code word is retrieved from the memory circuit and transferred to the database in order to additionally verify the authenticity of the request. The code words of the set may be associated with one another in groups comprising different numbers of code words, to be used for different types of service requests of different security levels.
The first code word may be transferred from the customer to the database, perhaps via the service provider, whereupon the database issues a request to the customer to state a second code word, and finally, the second code word is transferred from the customer to the database. The request to the customer may be effected in the same way as in the case of the request described above. One possibility thus is that the customer receives two successive requests to the mobile telephone to transfer a code word. Another possibility is that the customer first states a code word directly in conjunction with making his request and thereafter is asked to state an additional code word. Obviously, several other possibilities exist, and in particular the PIN code of the mobile telephone may be made use of as one means of increasing authentication security.
According to one embodiment of the invention, also position data associated with the mobile-telephone subscription are stored in the database. In the authentication process, the memory circuit is located, and the position data received may be compared with the position data stored in the database. This method may be used to geographically restrict the area within which the customer can effect certain types of service requests. For example, purchases above a certain amount may be limited to a few, predetermined locations, which increases security further. This geographic check can also be applied for logging-in into a computer system, which perhaps is allowed only from the work premises or from home. Alternatively, position data in the database could be an IP address, allowing log-in processes or Internet transactions to be restricted to a specific computer unit, without such information being available to the service provider or anywhere on the Internet.
The present invention will be described in more detail in the following with reference to the accompanying drawings, which for exemplifying purposes show preferred embodiments of the invention. In the drawings:
Since each code in itself is entirely independent of the others, there is nothing to prevent one combination of numbers to appear several times in the same set, or even within the same group.
The code-word set 1 is associated with an identity 4, which is directly or indirectly connected with a mobile-telephone subscription. In the shown example, the identity consists of a mobile-telephone number 5.
The mobile telephone 10, shown schematically in
The SIM card may be provided with a subscription ID and a code word set before being delivered to a retailer under conditions of extreme security, for example in the form of a seal of some kind. The customer, who buys or in some other way gets hold of the SIM card checks that the seal has not been violated and thereafter arranges the SIM card in his mobile telephone, which allows him to use the telephone.
In addition, the mobile telephone shown in
Furthermore, the software 18 is arranged to receive a code word and to compare the code word with the code word set in the memory circuit. The code word may be inputted by means of the keypad 11, or else be received by means of mobile-telephone communication directly to the receiver 13 of the mobile telephone, for example through reception by the mobile telephone of a SMS message.
Preferably, the mobile telephone is arranged to be set in a dormant state, wherein it does not receive any telephone calls but wherein it is capable of receiving and transmitting SMS messages. This function may be devised by an expert in the field.
In the database 21 shown in
In addition, each set 22 can be associated to one or several position indications 24. The position indications could for instance be locations where the customer has indicated that he wishes to be able to make a certain type of requests.
The database 21 is furthermore provided with communication means 25 able to receive a question and to provide the results of the authentication process. For example, the communication means 25 could be a modem arranged to communicate with the service provider, for example to receive a code word and an identity from the service provider, and to transmit confirmation to the service provider that the authenticity of the commission is verified. The communication means 25 could also be arranged to communicate with the mobile telephone via the mobile-telephone network, for example by way of SMS messages.
The database 21 is also provided with means, preferable software 26, arranged to perform searches in the database and to verify e.g. that a specific code word exists in the code word set 22 in the database associated with a predetermined identity 23.
In a completely independent computer system, combinations of numbers are created at random in accordance with algorithms that cannot be predicted from the outside (Step 31). This procedure ensures that nobody can predict which code words are included in a particular code word set, and can easily be devised by an expert in the field. The combinations of numbers are arranged in groups and sets (Step 32), in accordance with algorithms, which in themselves may be allowed to be known outside the computer system. In addition, the computer system is provided with a series of mobile-telephone numbers which are supplied by a mobile-telephone service provider, and which associate each code word set with a particular telephone number (Step 33).
The sets are then distributed (Step 34) to companies that equip the SIM cards with data, where each code word set is stored on a SIM card (Step 35), the latter either prior to or after the storage having been attributed to the mobile-telephone number associated with the mobile-telephone number.
In addition, the sets are also distributed (Step 34) to the database, where they are also stored (Step 35). The sets may be stored on access-protected data carriers, such as coded and sealed CDs, which are distributed in a safe manner, for example by means of couriers. If the computer system forming the sets is connected to the database, this part of the distribution may be effected safely electronically.
In accordance with the method of
The service provider possesses information on which customers are connected to the system in accordance with the invention, and is able to associate a mobile-telephone subscription with the identity of the customer. The service provider 42 sends a query to the database 21, and transmits to the database 21 the identity of 23 of the mobile-telephone subscription, usually in the form of a mobile-telephone number but possibly in the form of another identification associated with the mobile-telephone subscription. It should be understood that instead the identity 43 of the customer could be transmitted to the database 21 and the mobile-telephone subscription in question be identified by the database.
The database thereafter sends a request 45 to the mobile telephone 10 via the telecommunication network, for example an SMS message, or the like. The message 45 contains particulars of the request, which are shown on the display 12, thus allowing the customer to check the correctness of the request. In the affirmative, the customer may confirm the fact in any suitable manner, for example by pressing a particular key on the keypad 11 twice. For example, the customer may receive a message on his mobile telephone of the type reading "Credit card purchase $35 at Burger King. Press OK to confirm", or "You are now logging-in into your workplace, Press OK to confirm". The customer then presses the OK key. An additional confirmation step of the type "Are you sure Y/N" might be advisable as an extra check. The software 18 of the mobile telephone then retrieves from the SIM card 15 the next, not yet used code 46 and transmits the latter from the mobile telephone 10 to the database 21. Simultaneously, the transmitted code word is marked as used on the SIM card. The request 45 from the database could also contain a code word (not shown), which is checked by the mobile-telephone software 18 against the code word set 17 in the SIM card 15.
Another possibility is that the database 21 contacts the service provider 42, who in turn asks the customer for a code word, which the provider returns to the database 21.
As the database 21 receives the code word 46, the latter may be compared with the code word set 22 that is associated with the mobile-telephone subscription. Should the check fail, for example because the code cannot be found in the code word set in the database that is associated with the mobile-telephone number, information of this fact is transmitted to the service provider, who may refuse to perform the service, for example by refusing access to a computer system or stopping a transaction. On the other hand, if the check is positive, i.e. the stated code is the correct one, a go-ahead signal 47 is transmitted to the service provider 42, who may then perform the service. At the same time, the code word received is marked as being used up.
In accordance with the method shown in
The service provider then issues a query 44 to the database 21 and in addition to transmitting the identity as described above, he also transmits the code word 46. The database 21 checks the code word as described above and sends a go-ahead signal 47 to the service provider 42.
The method shown in
In order to further increase security, the software 18 may be arranged, in the case of certain requests, such as purchases above a predetermined amount, to demand the user's PIN code as a condition for retrieval and transmission of the code word. This arrangement means that a dishonest individual who has got hold of a mobile telephone that is in the switched-on state still has to know the owner's PIN code.
In addition, the position data stored in the database could be used to increase security. The base station over which the mobile telephone communicates can be identified comparatively easily, and a comparison with the stored position data may be performed. Likewise, it may be possible to equip the mobile telephone with a GPS navigator or similar means, allowing the mobile telephone to make his position known with great accuracy. The position check could in this case be effected in two steps, the first one roughly with respect to the base station and the second one more precisely, with respect to longitude and latitude.
The method shown in
The method shown in FIG. Se is very similar to the method of
Further varieties and combinations of these methods are possible within the scope of the invention. The number of code words exchanged between the mobile telephone and the database may vary, depending on the desired security level.
In the following, some examples will be given of situations, wherein an authentication method in accordance with the invention is particularly suitable.
A guest who has dined in a restaurant requests from his credit card company or the like the service of paying the restaurant bill, using funds available in the guest's own account or in the account of the account card company (credit card). The card company thus is the service provider and the guest the customer.
In the conventional manner, the credit card is handled by the restaurant personnel, who check the card for verification of its number, its validity, whether funds are available in the account, that the card is not blocked, etc. In this manner, the card company receives information on the identity of the customer, for example through the unique card number. In accordance with a commonly used technology, the card is swiped in a card reader, which via a modem contacts the card company and checks the transaction.
In a register, the card company has stored data showing that the customer is connected to the system in accordance with the invention, and identifies the telephone number of the mobile-telephone subscription. It is transmitted to the database, which thereafter contacts the mobile telephone via the telecommunication network and receives a code word (
Alternatively, the customer uses his mobile telephone in order to state a code word as he makes his request (
When the authenticity of the code word has been verified by the card company, a go-ahead signal 47 is sent to the restaurant, and a receipt is printed.
Internet Transactions
The method is similar when a computer user wishes to make a transaction on the Internet or the like, for example transfer funds from one of his bank accounts, or make purchases using a credit card. In this case, the computer user is the customer requesting a service in the form of a transaction. The service provider could be a card company as above, or the customer's own bank.
In this case, the identity of the customer is transmitted by input of for example a personal identification number and the associated password, or a credit card number or the like. Inputting may be effected in a screen display on a WWW page, and the contents of the page be sent to the owner of the page through pressing a key.
If a method in accordance with
Another category of services that is suitable for authentication checks in accordance with the invention is requests for log-in into a computer system. In this case, the customer is the person requesting to access the system, the service is admittance of the person into the computer system or the like, and the service provider is the company or computer system responsible for security.
The customer states his identity when logging in according to prior-art technology, and in conjunction therewith he enters for example a user ID including a password. The service provider can then contact the database, which demands a code word directly from the mobile telephone in accordance with
The procedure of allowing physical passing into premises or an area is similar to that of log-ins. For example, the identity of the customer could in this case be provided by swiping a security-pass card through a card reader or inputting a code on a door lock.
Example of a Detailed Chain of Events for Credit card Payments
With reference to
The customer 41 hands over a credit card 51.
b) The credit card is swiped through the card reader terminal 52 and the amount to be paid (inclusive of wardrobe fees and the like, if any) is inputted into the terminal. The terminal 52 generates a message of the desired payment, comprising e.g. the credit card number, the number of the card terminal and the amount to be paid.
c) The card terminal sends the message generated in (b) to the computer of the credit card company (service provider 42).
d) The computer of the credit card company checks the transaction for sufficient credit, and if the check is positive, the computer generates a message concerning the transaction (seller and amount, and so on), stating the number of the request, the security classification of the request, whether a "tip" should be given, and the mobile-telephone number of the credit card holder.
e) The computer of the credit card company transmits the message received in (d) to the database 21.
f) The database 21 retrieves the next not-used code word, checks with the mobile operator 54 concerned whether the mobile telephone is on an accepted location, and generates a message, demanding confirmation of the request. The message comprises e.g. data as to the seller, the number of the request, security classification, whether tips are expected, and the next non-used code word (576362).
g) The database 21 transmits the message that was generated in (f) to the customer's mobile telephone 10.
h) The mobile telephone checks the security classification concerned and whether a tip-payment situation exists. Based on the results of the check, the mobile telephone selects the routine to be followed. The mobile telephone presents the query on the display and asks for confirmation. The customer presses the OK key for confirmation. In cases of high-security classification, the mobile telephone requires that the customer inputs his PIN code or a corresponding pass word that only the customer knows. If a point of sale is involved (such as a restaurant) where tips are customary, a question will appear on the display of the customer's mobile telephone as to whether the amount should be increased, and the customer may then input a new, higher amount. The mobile telephone asks the customer to again confirm and if the customer does so, either one or two messages are generated, depending on the security classification. Both messages state e.g. the number of the mobile telephone, the number of the request, the seller, the amount, the final amount (in the case of a tip), the first non-used code word (576362) and the following non-used code word (805209) and, if the mobile telephone has an integrated GPS receiver, also the GPS co-ordinates are given. The mobile telephone registers the two code words as used up. The entire step (h) is processed by the software 18 of the mobile telephone 10, and this software may be developed by an expert in the field.
The mobile telephone 10 transmits the message generated in (h) to the database 21.
j) The mobile telephone 10 transmits the message generated in (h) to the computer 42 of the credit card company.
k) The database 21 checks the message received from the mobile telephone and if both code words are correct, an ID confirmation message is generated, which includes both code words, and the two code words are registered as being used up.
1) The data base 21 sends the ID confirmation message generated in (k) to the computer 42 of the credit card company.
m) The computer of the credit card company checks the message from the mobile telephone (j) and the ID confirmation message from the database (l) and executes suitable comparisons. If all data are accepted, a printing order is generated, which comprises suitable information, such as seller, buyer, amount, credit card number, number of request, date, time and verification number.
n) The printing order is transmitted to the card terminal 52.
o) The card terminal prints the transaction receipt 53.
p) The credit card 51 is returned to the customer, who signs the transaction receipt 53, keeping the copy while the seller keeps the original.
The following steps represent the customer's experience of the chain of events described above.
Additional steps: By pressing keys twice, the customer confirms the payment and also inputs, if required, the PIN code and increases the amount if a tip is to be given.
Steps that disappear: The customer need not show any identification papers.
The following sequence of steps represents the seller's experience of the above chain of events.
Additional steps: None
Steps that disappear: The seller does not have to ask for identification papers, check the latter or register the number of the identification papers.
Possible Varieties of Locations Where Rapid Payment is Essential
In case of payment of smaller amounts in shops, kiosks, petrol stations, and the like, the confirmation might not necessarily have to be effected over the mobile network, since this procedure might take about a minute longer. Instead, the IR data transmission port 19 of the mobile telephone might be used. In this case, the card terminal is also equipped with a corresponding communication port (not shown) and software, as well as with a display, should the cash register not already have a display facing the customer. The communication port preferably is located on the display unit or close to the latter.
According to this embodiment, the seller swipes the customer's credit card through the reader, and inputs the amount, or receives it directly, for instance from the petrol pump that the customer has just used, i.e. in the manner in operation today. When this is done, the amount is shown on the display mentioned above, said display also requesting the customer to e.g. "Confirm payment by means of your mobile telephone". The customer then directs his mobile telephone towards the display and receives e.g. the name of the petrol station and the amount in question. By two confirmation key pressings on the mobile-telephone keypad, the first non-used code word is transferred to the card terminal and the display may show e.g. "Password received". From then on, everything functions as it does today.
It could be said that the mobile telephone replaces the control keypad commonly existing in many petrol stations, at least in Sweden. However, any person standing close by could make note of the code that is being inputted, even if a screen is provided to make this more difficult. Should the person who just inputted his check code leave his card on the desk, this might constitute a temptation to a dishonest individual. Such a person could, for instance block the credit card from view by putting his hand over it and let it slide down into his pocket. The dishonest individual could then fill the family cars with petrol before the rightful owner notices that his credit card is missing, for instance when a week later he again intends to fill his car with petrol.
A consequence of the invention is that a code word is never used more than once, and in addition that normally nobody, neither the customer nor any one else, will ever set eyes on any code words whatsoever.
It should be understood that a number of varieties of the embodiments described above are possible within the scope of protection of the appended claims. For example, a large number of alternative authentication methods can be used with a system in accordance with the invention. In the same manner, equipment different from the one described herein could be used to implement the method in accordance with the invention.
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|Feb 23, 2010
|Ruckus Wireless, Inc.
|Dynamic authentication in secured wireless networks
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|Nec Corporation
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|Aug 16, 2011
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|Teletech Holdings, Inc.
|Multiple authentication mechanisms for accessing service center supporting a variety of products
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|Ruckus Wireless, Inc.
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|Apr 12, 2016
|Ruckus Wireless, Inc.
|On-demand services by wireless base station virtualization
|Dec 28, 2015
|Mar 14, 2017
|Ruckus Wireless, Inc.
|Dynamic PSK for hotspots
|Feb 20, 2001
|Aug 22, 2002
|Serbetcioglu Bekir Sami
|Systems and methods for approval of credit/debit account transactions using a wireless device
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|Apr 15, 2004
|Peder Fast
|Method of increasing security in respect of payments made with credit cards and cash cards
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|Khan Mohammad Ather
|Method of paying from an account by a customer having a mobile user terminal, and a customer authenticating network
|Sep 9, 2005
|Mar 9, 2006
|Nec Corporation
|Portable cellular phone system and portable cellular phone terminal device used in same system
|Dec 7, 2005
|Jun 8, 2006
|Andrew Petrov
|Secure PIN entry device for mobile phones
|Feb 21, 2006
|Aug 24, 2006
|Maurice Ostroff
|Method and system for preventing fraudulent use of credit cards and credit card information, and for preventing unauthorized access to restricted physical and virtual sites
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|Nagracard S.A.
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|Jun 25, 2009
|Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba
|Information processing apparatus and identification control method
|Sep 30, 2013
|Jan 30, 2014
|Kenneth D. Tuchman
|Multiple authentication mechanisms for accessing service center supporting a variety of products
|Aug 29, 2008
|Dec 24, 2009
|Deutsche Telekom Ag
|Sondermobilfunkversorgung mit eigenem Accessmanagement und Sperrfunktion
|Dec 8, 2005
|Jan 4, 2007
|Way Systems Inc
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|U.S. Classification
|455/411, 455/419, 455/412.1, 455/414.1
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Aug 8, 2002
Owner name: AB TRYGGIT, SWEDEN
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:BRYNIELSSON, THORE;REEL/FRAME:013171/0799
Effective date: 20020425
|Feb 20, 2009
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|May 3, 2013
|Maintenance fee reminder mailed
|Sep 20, 2013
|Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees
|Nov 12, 2013
|Expired due to failure to pay maintenance fee
Effective date: 20130920


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Female Who Shocked Khomeini Zaps 'Fallaci': S.F. Stage
A generation ago, Oriana Fallaci was one of the most famous journalists in the world, interviewing Fidel Castro, Indira Gandhi, Henry Kissinger and the Ayatollah 3`1Khomeini, among other global history makers.
These days she's hardly remembered, though her influence on television news programs like "60 Minutes" is unmistakable.
Now Lawrence Wright, the New Yorker magazine reporter and Pulitzer Prize-winning author, has devised "Fallaci," a biographical play in the form of an interview, at Berkeley Repertory Theatre.
Concetta Tomei stars as the boundary-defying reporter. The director is Oskar Eustis, taking a break from his duties as artistic director of New York's Public Theater. Wright and Eustis previously collaborated on "The Human Scale," about Gaza.
Maryam (Marjan Neshat), a journalist assigned to profile the great woman, knocks on the door of Fallaci's cluttered New York apartment in July 2000 and manages to talk her way in. She's 25, pretty and Iranian.
Fallaci, cigarette in hand and with "Tosca" playing on the stereo, grants her 25 minutes. She urges Maryam to behave as Fallaci herself would with a reluctant subject: "Attack. Stun them from the start."
The writer proves she's up to the challenge, noting that Fallaci has fallen out of the public eye and asking whether she has anything left to say.
"You are perhaps a little cruel," Fallaci says.
"Thank you," Maryam replies.
Crazy Shah
Over the next hour we get a highlights tour of Fallaci's life and career -- her work with her father in the Italian resistance during World War II, her days as a war correspondent in Vietnam and the Middle East, her encounters with world leaders (the smelly Castro, the "insane" Shah of Iran).
Fallaci's best story recalls her explosive interview with Khomeini, whom she attacked "because I did not accept to be treated like a maid, like he treats all women." She questioned why women must wear the chador, a "stupid, medieval rag," and then took off her head scarf, prompting the shocked Khomeini to flee the room.
Fallaci comes across as fearless and crusading -- and not without vanity. Her stories could be self-serving and sometimes contradict each other.
After a short blackout -- the show runs 90 minutes with no intermission -- Maryam returns to the apartment for another interview. Three years later, the conversation is more didactic. Fallaci reveals her contempt for Islam in the post-Sept. 11 world.
Recycled Quotes
Eustis's polished production in this world premiere succeeds as a biography of a complicated and not altogether likable person. It's less effective as theater, with a lot of tell and very little show. Too many lines sound as though they're quoting from her books and interviews rather than growing organically out of a real conversation.
Accuracy doesn't trump drama. As Fallaci tells Maryam: "You must be willing to hurt someone to get the truth out of him."
"Fallaci" runs through April 21 at Berkeley Repertory Theatre, 2025 Addison St. Information: +1-510-647-2949; http://www.berkeleyrep.org. Rating: ***
'Dead Metaphor'
A soldier, home from the Middle East and jobless, would seem like unpromising material for a comedy. Yet Canadian playwright George F. Walker pulls off the feat, getting plenty of laughs with "Dead Metaphor" in its San Francisco premiere.
Dean meets with a job counselor, Oliver, who asks about his background in the military. Dean says he was a tank driver and then a marksman.
"You're a sniper?" the bureaucrat asks.
Making a note in his file, Oliver summarizes Dean's talents matter-of-factly: "You kill people at a distance."
This appeals to Oliver's wife, Helen, a brittle, conservative politician, who happens to be looking for an aide with Dean's skill set. (In making his case for a job, Dean mentions to Oliver that he had 18 kills. "Just so they know I'm efficient.")
At a backyard barbecue we meet Dean's wife and his parents. His cranky left-wing father, Hank, suffering from a terminal illness, already knows something about Helen and her political fundraising methods.
The story veers from melodrama to sitcom, aided by clever punchlines and sharp performances of cartoonish characters, especially Rene Augesen as Helen and Tom Bloom as Hank. Directed by Irene Lewis, the story begins to run off the rails in the second act, as the satire moves into plots and counterplots that strain credibility. Still, it's fun while it lasts.
"Dead Metaphor" runs through March 24 at American Conservatory Theater, 415 Geary St., San Francisco. Information: +1-415-749-2228; http://www.act-sf.org. Rating: ***
What the Stars Mean: ***** Fantastic **** Excellent *** Good ** So-So * Poor (No stars) Avoid
(Stephen West is an editor for Bloomberg News. The opinions expressed are his own.)
To contact the writer of this story: Stephen West in San Francisco at email@example.com.
To contact the editor responsible for this story: Manuela Hoelterhoff at email@example.com.


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BMW's new Concept 90 was on display in its R90S colors
BMW also brought the Art Deco 1934 R7 concept, which was never produced.
An unusual 1970-1974 125cc Suzuki Flying Leopard on display.
A very clean Yamaha DOHC 750 twin in line in the paddock.
Bernard Bouillard's 1937 Norton 500 ES2 among its contemporaries.
Barn find bikes for sale. as they say, if you can't afford a good one, you REALLY can't afford a bad one.
A handy 1930s commuter two-stroke, with unusual leg shields.
Automota bikes were built in france from 1901-1962. This would be one of the later models.
The 50cc class gets ready to go. Bikes like this Kreidler are capable of 65 mph.
The Suzuki RG 500 Gamma was a watercooled, four-cylinder square four, that dominated MotoGP in the late 1970s.
Wayne Gardner's Yamaha starts a line of 1980s MotoGP bikes.
Antonio-Maria Frigerio exrecises his 1951 500cc Moto Guzzi Biciliudica
Three and four-cylinder MV Agustas were the bikes to beat in the 1960s and early 1970s.
The big twin-cam Honda fours of the 1970s were very fast, but evil-handling.
This Yamaha is either one of Christian Sarron's MotoGP bikes, or a replica.
Numerous vintage MotoGP bikes from French racing teams were on track.
This Earles Forks BMW R60 is painted in one of the rarer BMW colors.
The Swiss Condor was made for the army, which wasn't worried about looks, or weight. This is Jean-Pierre Oppliger on a 1949 model.
Claude Speisser gets with the program on his 1961 BMW R69S.
Andras Szabadi leans into a turn on his 1961 Matchless G50 "boy racer."
Armin Schnyder at speed on his 1931 Indian four.
Dominique Grillet takes a conservative line on his 1939 Terrot.
Daniel Perrieux on a very nicely turned out 1937 Velocette KTT
Overhead valve 1930s single has ingeniously fitted high pipes.
Excelsior were very competitive in the mid 1930. this is a 1934 or 1935 Manxman
Johann Muller working hard on a very rare 1932 Ariel 500cc sloper
"Bobber" Flathead V-Twin Harley-Davidson 750cc gives its rider a workout
1935 BMW R4 single is piloted sedately by Alfsonso d'Aloia
Julien del Col on his 1935 Moto Guzzi 500 looks in danger of grounding his center stand and his toes.
Michel LePage on his 1935 Norton 18 gets down to business.
Christian Lefebvre putts around on his 1941 Harley-Davidson.
Philippe Noir hunches down on his 1935 Harley-Davidson RL.
Hans-Herrman Fett on the 1972 EB-Ducatti 750SS kneeler outfit encourages his passenger to get down.
Philippe Guillaume on the 1972 BMW 500 Rennsport looks like he must be getting a hot foot.
Bruno sylvestre baron on the 1974 BMW looks to be pulling away with some enterprising riding.
Rene Charmont looks altogether too far up in the air on his 1970 Honda 450 rig.
This is surely one of the lowest and smallest sidecar outfits
An excellent illustration of how to tackle right and left-hand corners.
Now 20 years old, the Coupes Moto Legende is one of the biggest classic motorcycle events in Europe, rivalled only by the 'Festival of 1000 Bikes' in the UK. Both attract crowds in the tens of thousands to admire historic bikes from the late 1800s to the 1980s, and also to watch them in action.
In the beginning, the French event was staged at the fabulous historic banked track at Linas-Monthléry close to Paris, where many world records were set. But after 14 years, it had to move, due to closure of the circuit, and it was relocated to the Dijon Prenois circuit.
That track was opened in 1972 for the French Grand Prix GP and has now become home to the annual Coupes Moto Legende. The track itself is just short of 4 kilometres; it's quite technical for riders, but also but provides good spectator viewing.
Last year a record 28,000 enthusiasts attended, and 27,000 made the trip this year, despite heavy rain in the days leading up to it, and uncertain weather. More than 1,000 bikes competed on the track, with hundreds more on display. The show captivates all those who attend the two-day festival — even for just one day. The programme repeats and allows you to take everything in both on and off the track if you make a weekend of it.
The 1,000 motorcycles taking part are broken down into 12 categories. The classes are determined according to the bikes' power and age criteria. In addition there are two celebrity classes. Like many classic event with a track, it lures the star racers from the past, often because they get the chance to throw a leg over some of their old bikes. These have been lovingly restored by private collectors who are keen to see them ridden by the men who made them famous.
This year featured 13 two-wheeled world champions like Wayne Gardner, Freddie Spencer, Steve Baker and Christian Sarron putting in a few fast laps every couple of hours. Freddie Sheene, son of the late great Barry Sheene, took one of his father's classic bikes, owned by UK collector Steve Wheatman, out and showed he had definitely inherited his father's ability.
While the on-track action is paramount, other attractions include browsing through the stalls and auto-jumble stands looking for elusive parts, and meeting old friends. The clubs try and outdo one another in showcasing their favourite brand and are only too happy to tell you their most impressive stories. It's a wonderful way to learn much about French manufacturing history as well as the usual suspects from the British manufacturers.
Along with, clubs there were 300 exhibitors selling parts, crash helmets, clothing, etc., and the usual array of auto-jumblers selling projects to enthusiasts determined to exhibit them next year. Vintage restorers could choose from a whole gambit of items and tools, ranging from basic maintenance to total restoration.
BMW Motorrad are celebrating their 90th anniversary this year and had an impressive display of their more notable models. They had also shipped in the Ninety concept bike which has been produced in conjunction with customiser Roland Sands. Unusually for a concept machine, this one runs and was used to lead a parade of 1,000 BMW bikes on Sunday, to celebrate their anniversary. Sunday also saw more than a hundred bikes leave the circuit at the crack of dawn on the 6th Côte-d'Or Tourist Rally for a 75km trek across Burgundy's picturesque roads.
This has become an international event, with riders from all over the world including press coverage. Not only were French magazines present but publications from Germany, England, Belgium, Canada, the United States, Italy, the Netherlands and Switzerland.
Apart from the company and the sights, the French location offers some excellent biking roads to be enjoyed on the way to and from the event, along with excellent vino, when the bike is parked for the day.
The Midlands was once home to literally hundreds of car and motorcycle manufacturers, from Austin to Wolseley cars and BSA to Velocette bikes, which were parked … More
The Goodwood Revival should be on every petrolhead's bucket list. Each September since 1998, the Earl of March's Sussex estate turns into the stellar racetrack … More
The Ducati Desmosedici two-seater offers a unique chance to complete a lap of one of the most famous racing circuits in the world on the same weekend as the sta … More
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text:
Thane, Feb 21 (PTI) A group of sports enthusiasts herehave organised a Half Marathon on February 27 with more than3,000 people likely to participate in the event.
The Rotary Club of Thane North, Masthanes and GurukulSports Foundation is organising the Thane Half Marathon 2011in the city comprising 21.097 km race for those above 18 yearsof age and the �Mast Run� a 5 km fun Run open for all above 12years of age.
Organisers said the event is organised for the worthycause of funding and promoting talented sports persons fromMaharashtra and also for boosting sports facilities in Thane.
The use of advanced technology will make the Thane HalfMarathon 2011 a hi-tech event. Timing chips for Half Marathonrunners, free Marathon photos online, free photo certificateand run photos on Marathon-photos.com, on an interactivewebsite for online registration and also information forrunners and run timings on SMS, are the attractive featureswhich appeal to the elite as well as amateur runners.
Medical aid by Jupiter Hospital, Energy drink �Lucozade�water stations by Kingfisher at regular intervals, distancemarking on the route, DJ stations to fuel up enthusiasm andrefreshments after the race are other arrangements for theparticipants.
The Thane Half Marathon 2011 will be an annual event, andso far more than 3,000 participants have registered theirnames. A section of the organisers have vowed to sponsor atleast 100 tribal students for the event, a spokesman said. PTICOR DK


text:
I walked into Cupid's tent, concealing my bandaged hand in my tunic.
He sat up as soon as I walked in, looking at me expectantly.
"It's done." I said flatly, "I did it."
He stood up, stunned.
"I almost didn't think you had it in you, Commander. Congratulations."
His expression shifted.
"You shouldn't be here long. We don't want to raise any suspicions – "
"Cupid, you've made no secret of pretending to be my lover. I don't think suspicions are a problem at this point." I sighed, blinking.
It made sense. His little charade of getting Lucifer to back off gave him an excuse to spend more time with me, to put his plans into action.
Manara had been right.
"You're right." He admitted, "But now…we don't have to pretend."
He stepped closer towards me, and I could see something expectant in his icy blue eyes.
I realized quietly that he was waiting. Waiting for the effects of the arrowhead to kick in, waiting until my brain would turn to mush and he could use me like a puppet.
I had far more power and influence than him in Hell. He needed me to seize the throne, the official that had suddenly risen the ranks, almost groomed to be the perfect heir.
I probably seemed like an easy patsy – a young, inexperienced teenage girl who'd be easily swayed by sweeping delusions of grandeur and love, that was just a little too stubborn and needed some extra convincing. A toddler who'd been handed the keys to a car.
I let him hold me. I let him kiss me. I was playing the part he'd expected I'd play as soon as he laid eyes on me.
I felt anger growing inside of me. Not the searing, burning anger I was used to. A calm anger, ice-cold, bitter –
I put my arms around his neck. He didn't have any time to react when I snapped the cord holding the arrowhead, or when I took the cool stone in my good hand and pressed it against his cheek.
He broke away, stunned, but was quickly paralyzed with pain, dropping to his knees.
I could hear the arrowhead sizzling. I could smell his skin burning.
The stone was still cool against my palm.
Eventually I tore it away, disgusted.
Cupid was holding his cheek, grimacing in pain.
"How could- what?" he managed, looking up to see me waving my bandaged hand at him.
"Plan B."
I tied the arrowhead around my neck and sighed.
"Sorry about your face. I just don't take kindly to being used."
He had tears in his pale eyes.
"What? But Zara, I love you!"
I slapped him. Hard. Pain shot up my arm and I realized I'd used my bad hand.
"Your first mistake." I started through gritted teeth, "Was coming here. Second...thinking you could use me. Third. Thinking I. Give a crap. About your pathetic ass."
His head stayed where the trajectory of my blow had forced it, and he clenched his jaw.
"Zara, I don't know what you're talking about. This...this isn't you."
"And you know who I am?" I laughed, "Please. Get out of my sight."
"Commander. High Commander, who should probably be executing you personally."
He got to his feet, and I could see that he was going to have one hell of a scar.
When he looked at me, I was considerably surprised to see that his eyes were brimming with emotion. I had to say, the man was an incredible actor.
"You're right. I don't know you. Not like this. But I know Lucifer."
And with that, he walked out of the tent.