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Honey Jalapeno Salmon and a Tall Cake
- Posted March 6, 2010 by Bee Viewed 1602 times
- This is a migrated legacy post. Image resolution is low. Info
This 10" tall Italian cake looks humongous and the 'serving size per container' is for 9. After one bite, I think it only serves one!! So delicious!
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4:00 pm
Fetch! With Ruff Ruffman "Fetch Finale IV: The Prophecy Fulfilled!" The lost legendary Helmet of Victory is so close Ruff can almost TASTE it! He's just learned that the Helmet is somewhere in Old Sturbridge Village, a town that time forgot. The FETCHers head off to the village, and then undergo a series of elimination trials to retrieve the Helmet. The FETCHer who finds the Helmet will be the Season IV FETCH Grand Champion! But will the Helmet of Victory really make Ruff victorious?. D
4:30 pm
Arthur "Popular Girls/Buster's Growing Grudge" Sue Ellen and Fern take a popularity quiz they find in a magazine for teenagers. They change their personalities to become more likable, but why does it seem no one likes them anymore? In the second story, Buster's convinced that his great joke will be the difference between a successful oral report and failure. But when Binky steals his material, will Buster stay mad forever?. D
5:00 pm
WordWorld "Bed Bugs/Snug As A Bug" Bed Bugs - When the bugs accidentally break Frog's brand new bed, they scramble to put it back together and make things right. Just one problem. They can't tell the letters 'b' and 'd' apart! Can they figure out which letter is which - and rebuild Frog's bed - before Frog returns home? Snug as a Bug - Frog helps insomniac Bug figure out the end of the rhyme "snug as a bug in a . D
5:30 pm
Nightly Business Report Bats Global, the nation's third largest stock market, hits a snafu with its first day of trading. NBR Co-Anchor Tom Hudson talks to a financial expert about high frequency trading. The World Bank gets a new leader. D
5:56 pm
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7:30 pm
Need to Know NULL
8:00 pm
Idaho Reports 2012 Idaho Public Television's weekly coverage of the Idaho Legislature with host Greg Hahn begins. The one-hour show continues through adjournment.G
9:00 pm
PBS Arts from Cleveland: Women Who Rock From Bessie Smith to Janis Joplin to Lady Gaga, this performance documentary vibrates with energy. Inspired by the exhibit of the same name at the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Museum, the program reveals new insights into what it means to be female in the male-dominated world of rock and roll. Cyndi Lauper is host.G
10:00 pm
Bee Gees One Night Only This 1997 concert at the MGM Grand in Las Vegas, Nevada, is one of the very few Bee Gees performances filmed. The music special showcases many of the group's disco and pop hits. The Gibb brothers, who comprised the Bee Gees, sang three-part harmony and wrote their own hit songs. Two of the three siblings have died - Maurice in 2004 and Robin in 2012. Barry continues to perform as a solo act.G
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subset: commoncrawl


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Our Amenities
Here at Village at Desert Lakes, we offer comfortable homes in a garden apartment community, managed by a committed staff. Our community offers an array of amenities; each home has good lighting and ample storage. Select homes offer custom features and upgrades. We now offer furnished apartments. Click here for more information.
To explore all that Village at Desert Lakes has to offer, take a look at the lists below or check out our photo gallery!
Now Offering Furnished Apartments
Village at Desert Lakes has partnered with CORT to bring you the best in furnished apartment options. Whether you are looking to furnish your entire apartment or add a few pieces to give your apartment the look that you are truly looking for, Village at Desert Lakes & CORT can help meet your every need. Find out more information by visiting our exclusive offer here.
Furnish your home with CORT:
- Exclusive discount for Mission Rock Residents
- Furniture to fit all budgets and styles
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- Our flexible lease terms are ideal for short or long term rentals
- Everything is backed by CORT's Personal Service Guarantee™
Village at Desert Lakes
9155 W Desert Inn Rd Las Vegas, NV 89117
Office Hours
Mon-Fri 9am - 6pm
Sat 10am - 5pm
Sun Closed
Apartment Features
- Air Conditioning
- Custom Cabinetry
- Dishwasher
- Fireplace - Woodburning
- Private Balcony/Patio
- Walk-In Closets
- Washer/Dryer Included
- Microwave
- Vaulted Ceilings
- 9-ft Ceilings
- Alarm System pre-wired
- Furnished Apartments
Community Amenities
- Carport Parking Available
- Close to Dog Park
- Fitness Center
- Garages Available - (Detached / Attached)
- Online Rental Payments
- On-Site Management
- Close to Park
- Pet Friendly
- Playground
- Swimming Pool
- Indoor Swimming Pool
- Spa/Hot Tub
- WiFi Available
- 24 Hour Emergency Maintenance
- BBQ/Picnic Area
- Basketball Court
- Business Center


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After a long, dark winter, Santo walks in sunshine
Born Feb. 25, 1940 in Seattle.
Played third base for Cubs 1960-1973 and for White Sox in
Nine-time NL All-Star and five-time Gold Glover.
Hit .277 with 342 home runs fourth highest in Cubs'
history in career.
He and wife Vicki have four children and one grandson.
Member of board of directors of Juvenile Diabetes Foundation;
his 23rd Ron Santo Walk for the Cure raised more than $4 million
for diabetes research in 2001.
MESA, Ariz. There was not a more beautiful sight
in all of spring training than watching Ron Santo make his way through the gates
last week at HoHoKam Park.
Santo, tan and relaxed, and with a body that looked like
he still could suit up and play third for the Cubs, took the elevator up to
the Cubs' broadcast booth. He sat down without a word and stared at the beautiful
baseball diamond.
He felt as if he were a kid again, he said, so excited
that he barely had been able to sleep the night before. He awoke early and made
it to the ballpark nearly three hours before the first pitch of spring training.
"There's just something about spring training that brings
the excitement out," Santo said. "I've always been excited about spring.
"This year, though, a little more than usual.
"Really, it's a miracle I'm even here."
Santo broke into a wide expansive grin.
There were too many times to count this past winter when
Santo didn't believe he'd make it to spring training. Times, he's not afraid
to admit, when he wondered whether he'd still be alive.
Enduring 11 operations in four months and going through
cardiac arrest has a way of creating a whole lot of doubts.
Now, here is Santo, alive and well, feeling as if he's
the luckiest man in the entire world.
Santo knows that he never will be able to run again, but
no one is going to keep him from walking again. Besides, he said, slowly lifting
the leg of his green sweatpants over his right shoe, have you ever seen anything
so beautiful?
There it was. Part of his right leg is gone. In its place,
a prosthesis.
He calls the new prosthesis his "Corvette." It swivels.
It has shock absorbers. "It's got everything but a 410 engine," Santo said.
Yes, the color is Cubs blue.
"I am so happy, so lucky, so blessed," Santo said with
a strong voice. "I really have everything that any 61-year-old person could
want. I've got a wonderful family. My wife (Vicki) is incredible. I'm with my
2-year-old grandson every day.
"How lucky can a guy get?"
Santo, a nine-time All-Star and five-time Gold Glove winner,
has defied the odds throughout his life. He was diagnosed with diabetes at age
18, and became the first known ballplayer on record to play his entire major
league career with the potentially deadly illness.
He endured the trauma of his parents' fatal car accident,
both dying at the age of 58 while traveling to see Santo play. He had a heart
condition that required quadruple-bypass surgery in 1999. Hall of Fame voters
rejected his candidacy for 15 consecutive years. He survived a violent car accident
last season.
This winter he lost his right leg below the knee and was
revived after his heart stopped.
"Really, I've had a wonderful life," Santo said. "The only
thing taken away from me was a leg.
"There was a point where you're not asking, 'Why me?' but
you ask yourself: 'Why is this happening? When is this going to work? Why can't
this heal?'
"I started to lose faith."
Still, anyone who knows the man always believed that if
anyone could come out of this OK, it would be Santo.
"He's truly the strongest man I know and has the greatest
attitude of any man I've met," said Steve Stone, the former Cubs TV analyst.
"I don't know who else could go through all of the adversity he's gone through
and be here today.
"The competitive thing that drove him to be a star baseball
player is the same thing that drives him now."
Certainly, it wasn't easy getting out of his car, hauling
out a walker from the back, and making the slow journey to the broadcast booth.
He hoped to be able to walk onto the field, but it was too early.
Besides, it's just spring training. That's what training
camp is for, right? His goal now is to walk onto the field April 5 at Wrigley
for the home opener against the Pittsburgh Pirates, then throw out the first
"When they told me that I'm throwing out the first pitch,"
Santo said, "I got so nervous. I've got to start practicing."
Santo looked down at his prosthesis. It's still hard for
him to believe that his right foot is gone. Sure, he knew that living with diabetes,
there always was a chance he could lose his leg. His circulation always was
Yet, it wasn't until June, when he was making the short
walk from Busch Stadium in St. Louis to the Marriott Hotel across the street,
that he began to experience sharp pain. He got to the hotel room, took off his
shoe, and there was a sore about the size of a penny on his right foot. It never
Who knows, Santo said, maybe this was all happening for
a reason. Maybe he was put on earth to raise awareness for diabetes, having
already generated more than $50 million through his efforts. Maybe he is supposed
to inspire the next person who has an amputation to be a little stronger.
"They act like I'm some big, strong person," Santo said.
"But I'm no stronger than anybody else. My family was my biggest inspiration,
they just kept me fighting.
"But you've got to fight. It comes down to doing what you
have to do.
"That's what life is about."
NOTHING NICE TO SAY: Spring training always has
been the time for players to rip their former organizations and teammates, but
the situation in Cincinnati has gotten out of control, with virtually every
former Red but Schottzie blasting Ken Griffey Jr. and, in some cases, Barry
If former Reds shortstop Pokey Reese and outfielder Dmitri
Young had such problems with Griffey's clubhouse demeanor and Larkin's leadership
skills, then why didn't they say anything to their face?
Why were they often seen laughing with one another in the
outfield, hanging together in the clubhouse and acting as if they were best
The most ridiculous part of Reese and Young's verbal attacks
is accusing Griffey and Larkin of orchestrating their departure from the organization.
Excuse me, but didn't Reese and Young each receive contract offers during the
Griffey and Larkin openly lobbied for the players and were
willing to do anything possible for them to stay. Why do you think Griffey is
deferring $6.5 million of his annual $12.5 million salary through 2008? Why
is Larkin deferring $3 million of his annual $9 million salary?


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|Message view
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|"Daniel John Debrunner (JIRA)" <j...@apache.org>
|[jira] Created: (DERBY-2521) Building derby outputs (from ant) various information messages that are marked as error severity.
|Tue, 03 Apr 2007 18:58:32 GMT
Building derby outputs (from ant) various information messages that are marked as error severity. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Key: DERBY-2521 URL: https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/DERBY-2521 Project: Derby Issue Type: Bug Components: Build tools Affects Versions: 10.3.0.0 Reporter: Daniel John Debrunner Priority: Minor Building Derby in CruiseControl shows 66 Errors/Warnings, the majority of which are informational messages. This messages should be tagged with the level="info" attribute in the <echo> task. E.g. genParser target in the top-level build.xml should have <echo level="info" message=" ${msg}"/> Will add comment with the messages I think should be informational. -- This message is automatically generated by JIRA. - You can reply to this email to add a comment to the issue online.
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When: Sat., April 16, 10 a.m. 2011
Game board concept splits participants into teams as they travel the campus while learning and overcoming obstacles.
650 E. Parkway S. (Midtown)
First Friday of every month, 8 p.m.
Christian Brothers University
- Midtown
Select a star to rate.
© 2017 Memphis Flyer


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Using a HostGator Coupon
HostGator, which was founded in 2002, offers one of the best and easiest ways to use web hosting sites on the internet today. The site offers unlimited disk space and bandwidth for all users. The more expensive plans also include unlimited domains. All of the plans available on the site offer unlimited sub domains and email accounts.
Comparing HostGator to other web hosting or domain registration sites, users will see that HostGator has much to offer. The unlimited disk space and sub domains make HostGator stand out and offer everything desired to a website creator.
With plans starting under four dollars, users would be wise to consider HostGator to host their website. An already built website or domain name can be transferred over to HostGator for no additional fee as well. A HostGator coupon can be found on the site to apply towards the initial purchase. Codes for twenty to twenty-five percent off can be found throughout the year and offer immediate discounts when you register.


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CHAPEL HILL — The North Carolina High School Athletic Association is pleased to announce the fourth NCHSAA Scholar-Athlete Essay Contest, brought to you by the North Carolina National Guard.
The program is one of the Association's most popular voluntary programs and recognizes excellence in the classroom as well as on the playing court or field. The program includes recognition of varsity teams that attain certain grades as well as individual athletes.
Student-athletes currently enrolled at an NCHSAA member school and participating in at least one sanctioned sport or cheerleading will have until midnight on September 30 to submit a 400-word essay answering the prompt: "What challenge(s) have you overcome to develop as a Scholar-Athlete?"
One male and female winner will be selected from the pool of entries to receive a prize pack from the North Carolina National Guard and the NCHSAA, including a FitBit Flex fitness wristband.
Essays will be judged on originality, content, organization of material, grammar, and spelling.
More information about the essay contest can be found online at www.nchsaa.org/schools/awards-recognition/scholar-athlete-awards .
Nathan Ham can be reached at 336-846-7164 or followed on Twitter @NathanHam87


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Systems Biology Opens New Research Pathways
Systems Biologists Are Attacking the Encrypted Messages That Would Allow Us to Predict and Change the Course of Disease
Individual Tumor Profiling
Has Tumor Molecular Profiling Enabled More Effective and Less Toxic Cancer Treatment?
Top 10 Under 40
Up-and-Coming Stars Shine in Biopharma Research and Business
Podcast: FDA's New Commissioner Hits the Ground Running
Scott Gottlieb, M.D., Commits to Speeding Up Drug Reviews, and Maintaining Safety and Efficacy
Symphogen Raises About $134M to Progress Clinical-Stage Antibodies
Danish antibody therapeutics specialist Symphogen raised €100 million (about $134 million) in what it claims is the largest ever private equity round in Europe for a private biotech firm. The placement of preferred stock was led by Novo A/S and Essex Woodland, which together contributed 70% of the investment. Danish pension fund PKA also participated as a new investor.
Symphogen plans to use the proceeds to progress development of its lead clinical oncology product Sym004, along with additional clinical and preclinical products both in house and through partnering.
Founded in 2000, Symphogen is exploiting its Symplex™ antibody discovery platform, SymSelect™ lead selection technology, and Sympress™ manufacturing platform to discover and develop recombinant antibody mixtures as therapeutic and prophylactic candidates. The technology essentially uses a mixture of antibodies that bind to different regions of the same antigen or multiple antigens as an approach that has advantages over traditional immunoglobulin or monoclonal antibody platforms, the firm claims. Resulting recombinant antibody mixtures can reportedly be produced in unlimited supply using traditional large-scale biological manufacturing techniques.
Sym004 is a recombinant IgG1 product comprising two antibodies targeting different, nonoverlapping EGFR epitopes. Phase I/II development in Europe and the U.S. was initiated in April 2010 in the treatment of advanced solid cancers.
Until December 2010 Symphogen's Phase II-stage Sym001 (rozrolimupab; anti-Rhesus D) candidate had been in development in collaboration with Swedish Orphan Biovitrum for the treatment of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) and prevention of hemolytic disease in newborns (HDN). However, on December 30, 2010, Biovitrum confirmed it was returning all rights to the product back to Symphogen, for what it termed "strategic" reasons. Sym001 is a recombinant polyclonal composition of 25 different Rhesus D-specific antibodies.
Symphogen's preclinical candidates include Sym002 (anti-vaccinia virus rpAb), which comprises 26 recombinant anti-vaccinia virus antibodies as an alternative to existing anti-vaccinia hyperimmune immunoglobulins (VIG) for the treatment of small pox infection and the treatment of adverse effects caused by smallpox vaccination. Sym003 (anti-RSV rpAb) is a recombinant polyclonal antirespiratory syncytial virus (RSV) antibody containing six unique antibodies. Sym003 is currently in preclinical development as an alternative to existing monoclonal antibodies for the prevention of severe respiratory disease.
In addition to leveraging its technologies for the development of an in-house therapeutics pipeline, Symphogen also offers its Symplex and Sympress technologies through partnerships with companies looking to develop fully human monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies for targeted therapeutics, for use in the characterization of antibody response in vaccine programs, or for diagnostics applications.
At the end of November 2010 Symphogen reported receipt of a milestone payment from Genentech, related to an antibody therapeutic in development under the firms' infectious diseases collaboration.
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2,824pages onAdd New Page
this wiki
this wiki
1913 is a year in the 20th century.
- Thursday, January 9: Richard Nixon (37th President of the United States) is born.
- Saturday, March 22[1]: Lew Wasserman (Chairman of the board at MCA during the filming of the Back to the Future trilogy) is born.


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Not quite what you're looking for? View similar properties or start a new property search.
Modern 3-bedroom apartment for sale in Alella with a communal pool
- 3 Bedrooms
- 3 Bathrooms
- Size 123m² (1,323ft²)
- Terrace 9m² (96ft²)
3-bedroom apartment in Alella with outstanding communal facilites. Walking distance to the town centre.
Outstanding apartment in a block built in 2012 in a peaceful location within walking distance of Alella town centre, 15 minutes from Masnou marina and 20 minutes from Barcelona city centre.
The building offers residents outstanding communal facilities such as a padel court and a gorgeous garden with lawns and an inviting swimming pool.
This modern apartment offers 3 bedrooms and 3 bathrooms in total, as well as a living room with an enclosed terrace overlooking the communal garden and the hills beyond.
The property has a distinctly luxurious feel both inside and out thanks to high quality finishes and very tasteful design.
There is a historic masia very nearby which is being converted into a boutique hotel, adding prestige to the area and a convenient and privileged place for guests to stay.
This high end, modern apartment in Alella would be a good investment property or ideal as a residence or holiday home in a peaceful town, 20 minutes from Barcelona.
- Swimming pool
- Padel court
- Balcony
- Mountain views
- Views
- Alarm
- Terrace
- Air conditioning
- Garden
- Barbecue
- Security
- Private garage
- Natural light
- Parking
- Built-in wardrobes
- Near international schools
- Entrance hall
- Eat-in kitchen with centre island
- Combo living and dining room
- 2 bathrooms
- Master suite with walk-in wardrobe
- 2 further bedrooms
- Enclosed porch
Floor plans available upon request.
Located in the Can Casals area of Alella, 10 minutes walking distance to the town centre, 15 minutes to Masnou marina, 20-25 minutes from Barcelona centre and 20 minutes from Hamelin international school.
Contact us about this propertyLucas Fox Maresme
+34 935 952 490
- €415,000
- Apartment Sold
- 3 Bedrooms, 3 Bathrooms
- Size 123m² (1,323ft²)
- Terrace 9m² (96ft²)
Share this property
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ED Magedson – Founder
Ripoff Report
John Robert Powers140 Spadina Avenue Toronto, Ontario Canada
Does your business have a bad reputation?
Fix it the right way.
Corporate Advocacy Program™
This report was posted on Ripoff Report on 02/17/2008 01:11 PM and is a permanent record located here: http://www.ripoffreport.com/reports/john-robert-powers/toronto-ontario-m5v-2l4/john-robert-powers-free-audition-to-lure-clients-into-buying-acting-modelling-program-tor-309634. The posting time indicated is Arizona local time. Arizona does not observe daylight savings so the post time may be Mountain or Pacific depending on the time of year.
Ripoff Report has an exclusive license to this report. It may not be copied without the written permission of Ripoff Report. READ: Foreign websites steal our content
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#1 REBUTTAL Owner of company
SUBMITTED: Wednesday, March 03, 2010POSTED: Wednesday, March 03, 2010
One of the main requirements
of my job as a casting director is that I find new talent. Where I find this
talent, via what means, or in what location is secondary to the fact that my
job depends on my finding it. Between projects, or as a part of working on
projects, I travel around the world searching for actors to cast in films. In addition
to speaking at colleges and universities, Ive periodically worked with the
John Robert Power Schools, in part because this is one way in which I can see
hundreds of young actors who otherwise would have no way of getting in front of
Because Im a casting director who works on major movies, I generally dont work with novice actors who arent yet represented by agents and managers. Im an experienced casting agent, and the talent I work with tends to be experienced. That said, Ive also cast unknowns in lead roles. My reputation depends on my finding the best fit for a role, whether the actor in question is known or not known.
Im not in a position to speak to how the actors training programs at the John Robert Power Schools are structured or what the payment protocols for these programs might be. Do I think that their school is expensive? I do. But I leave it to the parents of young actors to do their research on programs, schools, photographers, and all the other factors that come into play in the training of young talent, and to make smart decisions about where to invest their money. I (along with other top casting agents) am paid a high fee to come and hold open call casting sessions at the school, in which I honor my commitment and see all the kids enrolled in the program. I keep notes and records on the kids I think are gifted, and try to dispense as much practical advice as I can within the given time frame.
Because the acting world is tied up with fame, fortune, and fantasy, it can be hard to remember that the business of making movies is in fact that: a business. I have to make a living just as everyone else does. I've worked hard, for many years, to reach my level of expertise, and I'm paid for that expertise. There is no way that someone at my level would be calling in inexperienced actors for free, and, to be clear, when I hold open call auditions for movies Im working on, a studio is funding those open calls.
Im sympathetic to any hard-working parent out there trying to help their children realize their dreams. And Im cognizant of the fact that without actors, whom I love, I wouldnt have a job. But I again want to stress that the burden is on any parent, and any actor period, to make informed decisions about how to best go about the business of acquiring the necessary training. Some sort of training is always called for, and fortunately there are lots of options out there, such as drama departments at high schools and colleges, community theaters, private acting lessons, and private acting schools. The key lies in researching all your options and then making informed and responsible choices.
Are you an owner, employee or ex-employee with either negative or positive information about the company or individual, or can you provide "insider information" on this company?
Advertisers above have met our
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Opening Comments:
We were much better in the second half. In the first half, our scrambles were good for them. Our double teams weren't very good. We didn't get a goaltender, and they mad the pass to the post-up area and got good shots out of it. The first half also, we didn't shoot the ball well because we took bad shots. Three or four different times, or probably four or five different times, we had somebody shoot the ball when their teammate had a better shot. We talked about that at great length at halftime — about being more unselfish and getting a better shot and playing harder and doing a better job defensively. I think we did a much better job defensively in the second half. Our traps helped us as opposed to helping them. In the first half, as I said, I think it helped them. I thought James Michael was really efficient tonight, 11 for 14. That's something you love having. Twenty-three points and 10 rebounds. Nate in the second half had six assists and zero turnovers. I thought Marcus was more effective in the second half. But really, you shoot 63 percent in the second half because you're unselfish, you move yourself and you move the basketball. If you do those things, you're going to get better shots. At halftime, they had 11 offensive rebounds, and they only ended up with 16. So I think we did a much better job on the backboards as well. It was a good night for us. We got some guys in the game. And my favorite play of the game was Wade. Wade had a chance to go down and lay it up, and he hadn't scored all year. Instead, he didn't hesitate, and he just passed it to Isaiah, and Isaiah dunked it. That was my favorite play of the game.
Heading into conference play, how do you feel about how prepared your freshmen are?
Well, you never know. I told them in the locker room that the level of intensity goes up about 10 levels, and you'd better be ready to go up with it, or just stay in the locker room. That's what I just got finished telling them. It is a different level now, and the intensity, the level of play, the level of quickness, the level of strength, everything is so much higher now. I think they've done a decent job of preparing. I think their teammates have helped them get ready. We'll have to wait and see what it looks like when we get over there on Sunday.
How do you feel about your team overall heading into conference play?
Well, you know, it's strange because we really had two good practices before today's game. We didn't play like it in the first half. But I think this team understands that we've got to play better every day and work harder, and I think they're doing that. You know, 10-3, we'd like to be 13-0. There's no question. We had some really good wins and some tough losses. So it's a time period that I think we've learned a great deal, and hopefully it will help us once we get into play. No coach is ever going to say that they're satisfied with where they stand unless you're 13-0 and beating everybody by a million.
Why did you start Kennedy Meeks at center?
Brice started the last two games and didn't play well, so I decided to give Kennedy a shot. When Joel gets healthy, we might put Joel back in there. We could put Brice in there. I'm not married to any individual starting.
Are you comfortable with the development of Isaiah Hicks?
I'm not comfortable with it because I want everybody to be perfect, but I think he is progressing as we go along. He's going to be a really, really good player. It's similar somewhat to John Henson. We're trying to allow him to play on the perimeter, and he's not really a perimeter player. But yet he might be before it's over. So long term, this might be something that's really good for him. Right now, it's not as comfortable. But I think we got him 12 minutes last game and 17 this game, so hopefully we'll keep getting him some time and see if he can develop.
What are your thoughts on the passing of Coach Johnny Orr?
Johnny Orr. Boy, you guys missed something if you didn't get to know him. He's one of the greatest guys I've ever coached against. He's one of the funniest guys, one of the most sincere guys and cared about people. I think we've lost a guy who was great for coaches, was great for the Big 8 and the Big 12. He brought some excitement to Ames and Hilton Coliseum that was not there before. I loved him. He was a great mentor to me, and he was a great friend. I hate that it happened, and I hope everything is peaceful and OK with his family.
Is there an update on Stilman White and whether it's possible for him to come back this season?
It's really all up in the air right now because he just got in from his mission. I think he has some kind of injury to his foot. We don't have a scholarship right now. So we're trying to go through the motions ourselves to try to find out. We're going to have conversations with Stilman. Eric Hoots already has had conversations with Stilman. Don't make this out as I'm cutting anything. But if it's hard for you to be on a mission because you have an injury, it seems to me like it would be fairly hard to be a basketball player. And I don't know what all goes on with that. I haven't had any conversations. Eric has had conversations. We're trying to find out and make sure that we're right in saying that we don't have a scholarship for him because we don't. But we do look into it and see what's best for our program and best for Stilman. I love Stilman to death and feel that eventually he'll be back as part of our basketball team. Whether it's this year or not, I don't know yet.
Given all the troubles recently, is it a good thing that 2013 is coming to an end?
If it changes. The last six or seven months haven't been very pleasant for me. If things change and get pleasant, I'll love 2014 a lot better than I did the end of 2013. But life throws you some adversity, and you've got to handle it. The new year has never been a big deal with me. One year when I was an assistant, the secretary asked me if I was going to go to any party or anything. I said, 'No.' She said, 'Do you have any special thing planned?' I said, 'No.' She looked at me and said, 'Do you realize what day it is?' I said, 'What are you talking about?' She said it was New Year's Eve. With me, my grandson's fourth birthday is tomorrow, and I'm going to enjoy the dickens out of that. The team is going to enjoy the dickens out of tomorrow because they don't have to look at me. It's an off day. So it's going to be a wonderful start for 2014 for all of my players.
Comments about UNCW coach and former UNC player Buzz Peterson
Oh, and let me say one thing, too. What Buzz Peterson's got is not an easy situation. He's got 17 road games, and he's got to try to make enough money to help their program, so he's playing at Iowa, at Iowa State, at North Carolina. That's a tough situation to be in. Buzz Peterson can really coach. I think his team was prepared tonight. In the first half, as I said, all of our scrambles were good for them and weren't good for us because he did a nice job. But that situation there, when you have to play all of those guarantee games to help out your athletic department, is a very difficult thing to do. Buzz Peterson is a great friend, yes, but he can also coach, and that's a hard situation. You've got 14 home games, 17 road games and all of those guarantee games to help out your athletic department.


text:
Joint Commission International Accreditation
Joint Commission International (JCI) is an international accreditation assessment model with the highest level of accreditation. It carries out independent assessments in order to determine whether the healthcare organizations meet a series of standard requirements which are designed to elevate the quality levels of healthcare.
As part of the Joint Commission that carries out international activities, having accredited more than 19.000 healthcare institutions in the US and as the world's largest accreditor, JCI has accredited and certified more than 600 public and private healthcare organizations in 51 countries worldwide to date, following the development of internationally adoptable standards. The hospital accreditation program, which Acıbadem Healthcare Group also has been issued with, has been designed to evaluate all the functions of the hospitals. JCI standards are collected under 14 main headings including patient oriented and healthcare institution management standards.


text:
By GINA KOLATA
Published: November 20, 1991
Two new analyses indicate that the AIDS drug AZT is just as effective in black and Hispanic men and in women of all races as it is in white men.
The studies addressed concerns that were raised in February when a Federal study indicated that black and Hispanic men who were infected with HIV, the virus that causes AIDS, did not benefit from AZT, or azidothymidine. This finding raised questions about how to treat members of racial and ethnic minorities who were infected with the virus.
The new analyses, being published today in The Journal of the American Medical Association, failed to confirm those findings about AZT, which slows the progress of AIDS but is not a cure. Quandary Over Treatment
The two analyses should soothe patients and doctors, said Dr. Deborah Cotton of Harvard Medical School. The original study, conducted by the Department of Veterans Affairs, "left physicians and patients in a real quandary," she said, adding that many doctors "were concerned about giving AZT to people of color."
Dr. Cotton, who sat on a Food and Drug Administration advisory committee that heard the results of the previous study, said she was not criticizing the researchers who raised the question in the first place. "They had a very difficult situation with a result they didn't expect," she said. But, she added, because they found the effect by looking back at subgroups rather than designing and conducting a study intended to answer the question, "it was hard to know if the effect was real."
Dr. Douglas Richman, an AIDS researcher at the University of California in San Diego who is an author of one of the analyses being published today, said the two analyses were conducted in response to the Veterans Affairs study.
"One never assumes that one can put an issue to rest," he said. "But I am very comfortable saying that there is no convincing evidence of racial or ethnic differences in response to therapy."
One of the analyses, by Dr. Stephen Lagakos of the Harvard University School of Public Health and his colleagues, looked at the fates of the blacks, Hispanic patients, women and intravenous drug users who enrolled in two large studies of AZT, which is also called zidovudine.
The researchers cautioned that the two studies, conducted several years ago and sponsored by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, were not intended to detect differences in AZT's effects between people of different races or between men and women. As in virtually every other AIDS study, the overwhelming majority of the participants were white men. But, Dr. Lagakos said, he and his colleagues were reassured to find no evidence that women, intravenous drug users, blacks or Hispanic people responded to AZT any differently than gay white men. Analysis at Johns Hopkins
The second analysis, by Dr. Philippa J. Easterbrook at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and her colleagues, including Dr. Richman, looked at people infected with the AIDS virus who attended hospitals and clinics and were prescribed AZT.
These investigators report that the black and Hispanic men developed serious infections sooner and died more quickly than the white men. But they attributed the differences in survival and in development of infections to the fact that the black and Hispanic men were sicker than the others when they came to the clinic and were less likely to receive medications to prevent pneumocystis pneumonia, a leading killer of people with AIDS.
In an editorial accompanying the two papers, Dr. Mark D. Smith of the Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation in Menlo Park, Calif., said he hoped future studies would be designed to answer questions about the effects of drugs on different racial and ethnic groups and on women. But that will require enrolling many more women and members of minorities, which has so far been extremely difficult.
Yet, Dr. Cotton said, it may be worth the effort. Although the new analyses are encouraging, she said, "by no means does it mean that it is acceptable to go on having trials with white men."


text:
Patent application title: SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR THE NON-CONTACTING MEASUREMENTS OF THE EYE
Roland Barth (Jena, DE)
Roland Bergner (Jena, DE)
Roland Bergner (Jena, DE)
Lothar Mueller (Ottendorf, DE)
Dietmar Steinmetz (Bucha, DE)
Siegfried Schubert (Jena, DE)
Klaus-Ditmar Voigt (Jena, DE)
Frank Behrendt (Jena, DE)
Burkhard Dietzel (Buergel, DE)
Axel Doering (Jena, DE)
IPC8 Class: AA61B3117FI
USPC Class:
Class name: Eye examining or testing instrument objective type including eye photography
Publication date: 2012-11-15
Patent application number: 20120287399
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Combined equipment for non-contacting determination of axial length (AL),
anterior chamber depth (VKT) and corneal curvature (HHK) of the eye, are
also important for the selection of the intraocular lens IOL to be
implanted, particularly the selection of an intraocular lens (IOL) to be
implanted, preferably with fixation of the eye by means of a fixating
lamp and/or illumination through light sources grouped eccentrically
about the observation axis.
1. An arrangement for determining the anterior chamber depth of an eye,
comprising: a slit-shaped source of illumination radiating on the eye at
an angle to the observation axis, and imaging optics and comprising at
least one light source or LED; a receiver arrangement which detects
scatter images coming from structures of the eye located substantially on
the observation axis, the receiver arrangement, the slit shaped
illumination and the imaging optics being angularly fixed relative to
each other; a signal processing device which receives signals from the
receiver arrangement and processes the signals to determine distances
between portions of the scatter images that represent the structures of
the eye and calculates anterior chamber depth from the distances; and a
fixating light source emitting a fixating light on which the patient
fixes his gaze, the fixating light being coupled along the observation
axis, wherein the observation axis substantially coincides with the
patient's viewing axis.
2. The arrangement according to claim 1, wherein an angle between the observation axis and the axis upon which the slit-shaped source of illumination radiates on the eye is fixed.
3. The arrangement according to claim 2, wherein the angle between the observation axis and the axis upon which the source of slit-shaped illumination radiates on the eye is about 33 degrees.
4. The arrangement according to claim 1, wherein a slit is arranged after the light sources or LEDs in the illumination direction.
5. The arrangement according to claim 1, wherein imaging optics are constructed anamorphotically or include a cylindrical lens.
6. The arrangement according to claim 1, wherein the receiver arrangement comprises a CCD camera.
7. The arrangement according to claim 1, in which the slit-shaped illumination comprises a series of white light LEDs.
8. A method for determining the anterior chamber depth of a human eye, comprising the steps of: illuminating the eye; imaging relevant image sections on a CCD camera; switching the illumination on and off so as to be synchronized with image pulses of the CCD camera; recording a bright image of the CCD camera when the illumination is switched on and recording a dark image of the CCD camera when the illumination is switched off; subtracting successive bright images and dark images to generate a differential image to suppress noise; illuminating the eye by a slit image; detecting the eye pupil and a fixation point within the pupil in the dark image; determining an edge shape of scatter images of the slit-image illumination in the differential image; determining a distance X from the edges of a cornea scatter image and a lens scatter image; and calculating the anterior chamber depth from the distance X.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the generation of the differential image comprises further noise suppression by means of median filtering.
10. The method of claim 8, wherein the determination of the edge shape comprises a histogram-based selection of a threshold value for image binarization.
11. The method of claim 8, wherein the determination of the edge shape further comprises rough detection of the edges as such locations where a threshold value is exceeded in a given region around the fixating point.
12. The method of claim 11, wherein the determination of the edge shape additionally comprises fine detection of the edges as such locations where a reversal point of a gray value shape in a line profile which is next to the roughly detected position occurs.
13. The method of claim 8, wherein the determination of the edge shape further comprises elimination of reflections by detecting of maverick or freak values in the edge shape.
14. A combination device which determines the axial length and the corneal curvature or the corneal radius of a human eye, comprising: a controller which carries out a central control of adjustable units and optical elements of the device, the adjustable units and the optical units including first adjustable units and first optical elements structured to determine the axial length and second adjustable units and second optical elements structured to determine the corneal curvature or the corneal radius and wherein the controller further calculates the optical power of an intraocular lens to be implanted in the eye based on the axial length and corneal curvature or corneal radius that are determined.
15. The combination device according to claim 14, further comprising a device storage in which calculation formulas used by the controller to calculate the optical power are stored such that the calculation formulas can be called up for calculation.
16. The combination device according to claim 14, further additionally comprising structure that is controlled by the controller to determines anterior chamber depth.
17. The combination device according to claim 16, which initially determines the axial length, then determines the corneal curvature or corneal radius and then the anterior chamber depth, or which initially determines the corneal curvature or corneal radius, then the anterior chamber depth and then the axial length, or which initially determines the corneal curvature or corneal radius, then the axial length and then the anterior chamber depth.
18. The combination device according to claim 14, wherein the controller is adapted to receive determined parameters of the eye and calculates the optical power based on these parameters.
[0001] This application is a continuation of application Ser. No. 11/932,170 filed Oct. 31, 2007, which in turn is a continuation of application Ser. No. 10/916,151 filed Aug. 10, 2004, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,322,699 issued Jan. 29, 2008, which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 09/857,599, filed Oct. 1, 2001, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,779,891 issued Aug. 24, 2004, which claims priority to DE 1985 70007, filed Dec. 10, 1998, DE 1985 70015, filed Dec. 10, 1998 and PCT/EP 99/09766, filed Dec. 10, 1999 each of which is hereby incorporated herein in its entirety by reference.
[0002] A longitudinal section through the human eye is shown schematically in FIG. 1. The axial length AL of the human eye is usually measured by a contact ultrasound method. Other measuring methods are described in DE 3201801, U.S. Pat. No. 5,673,096 and DE 4446183 A1. The curvature of the cornea-cornea radius HHR is determined by means of known keratometers/opthalmometers (DD 251497, U.S. Pat. No. 4,572,628, U.S. Pat. No. 4,660,946, U.S. Pat. No. 5,212,507 and U.S. Pat. No. 5,325,134). The measurement of the anterior chamber depth VKT can be carried out by ultrasound or by means of a unit added to a slit lamp (anterior chamber depth gauge, adjustment via the slit lamp image).
[0003] These measurements, which are also important for selecting the intraocular lens IOL to be implanted, must be determined particularly before a cataract operation, but also to monitor the progress of school children's myopia and to detect aniseikonia. In clinical practice, it is common to measure these quantities by means of at least two devices (e.g. ultrasonic a-scan and automatic keratometer). The measured quantities are used in formulas for calculating the optical power of the IOL. Various errors influencing the choice of IOL can occur depending on the type of device used.
[0004] It is the primary object of the invention to reduce these device-dependent measurement errors to a minimum.
[0005] In accordance with the invention, a combination device for non-contacting measurement of axial length and corneal curvature of an eye comprises an interferometer arrangement with adjustable path length difference, a first splitter cube which images the radiation of the interferometer arrangement on the eye, a photo-diode on which partial beams reflected during axial length measurement at the cornea and retina are coupled out via a second splitter cube and a focusing element, a plurality of light sources which are arranged concentric and symmetric to the optical axis of the eye and which illuminate the eye diagonal to the optical axis with a punctiform image for measurement of corneal curvature, and a camera on which the reflections of punctiform images of the light sources occurring at the cornea during measurement of corneal curvature are imaged via the first and the second splitter cubes, wherein a part of the radiation from the interferometer arrangement that is reflected on the cornea and retina is imaged on the camera for purposes of observation.
[0006] The invention also encompasses a method for determining the corneal curvature radius and/or the anterior chamber of a human eye.
[0007] According to the invention, all necessary parameters of the eye are advantageously determined by means of a device arrangement and corresponding measurement methods.
[0008] Necessary adjustments which make it possible to adjust the device to the patient are likewise realized in this arrangement.
[0009] The calculation of the IOL is also carried out by means of this device arrangement. Accordingly, there is also no lost or corrupted data in the transmission of measurements from various devices to the computer carrying out the IOL calculation. The invention and its advantages are described in more detail in the following with reference to schematic drawings.
[0010] FIG. 1 schematically shows a longitudinal section through the human eye;
[0011] FIG. 2 schematically illustrates the construction of the overall device;
[0012] FIG. 3 shows a front view of the device in the direction of observation;
[0013] FIG. 4 shows the characteristic transmission path of the light in accordance with the invention;
[0014] FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing central control of the system in accordance with the invention;
[0015] FIG. 6A shows the transmission of the polarization splitter;
[0016] FIG. 6B shows the transmission of the S-pol splitter;
[0017] FIG. 7 shows how the VKT is determined based on the image on the CCD matrix; and
[0018] FIGS. 8a and 8b show further illustrations of the optical paths in accordance with the invention.
[0019] The construction of the device is shown schematically in FIG. 2. In order to measure axial length, the light of a laser diode 1 is imaged on the patient's eye 14 via a Michelson interferometer (3-5) comprising a stationary reference arm R1 with a reflector 4, in this case a triple prism, and an adjustable reference arm R2 shown with reference to different positions of another reflector 5 (triple prism), as well as a beam splitter cube 3 for superposition of the beam components reflected in R1 and R2, a splitter cube 8, and a diffractive-optical element DOE 9. A diode 7 monitors the light output of the laser diode 1. The partial beams reflected by the cornea and retina of the eye 14 are superposed on one another and are imaged, via a focusing element, in this case an achromate 16, on an avalanche photodiode APD 17 by means of DOE 9, splitter cube 8 having a quarter-wave plate P1 for rotation of the polarization plane, and splitter cube 15 with a half-wave plate P2. In this connection, the axial length is measured according to known methods which are described, for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 5,673,096.
[0020] In order to observe the eye and the occurring reflections, a portion of the reflected light (light coming from the eye) is imaged on a CCD camera 23 by means of an achromate 22 via mirror 20. Achromates 18, 19 are swiveled out in this case. In this connection, a diaphragm 21 is in the off setting.
[0021] In order to measure the corneal curvature HHK, the eye 14 is illuminated in a manner analogous to DD 251497 at an angle of approximately 18° to the optical axis A1 by means of six, preferably infrared, LEDs 10, two of which are shown by way of example in the drawing plane in FIG. 1. Pinhole diaphragms 10a are arranged downstream of the LEDs to generate punctiform illumination images.
[0022] Six lenses 11 are arranged downstream of the LEDs in the illumination direction for collimating the diode light. The images of these light sources formed in the eye (as reflection of the cornea) are imaged on the CCD camera via splitter cubes 8 and 15 and achromates 18 and 19. The DOE 9 is advantageously swiveled out, but can also remain in the beam path. The achromate 22 is swiveled out.
[0023] Each eye is illuminated slitwise at an angle of approximately 33° by means of LED 12, slide diaphragm 12a and cylindrical lens 13 in order to determine the VKT. The resulting scatter images of the cornea and front lens surface are imaged on the CCD camera 23 via splitter cubes 8 and 15 and achromates 18 and 19 with the DOE preferably being swiveled out. The achromate 22 is swiveled out.
[0024] FIG. 3 shows a front view of the device in the direction of observation; a known slit lamp cross-slide stage for X-Y-Z adjustment is not shown.
[0025] The drawing shows the DOE 9 (whose center point A1 identifies the position of the optical axis in the device), lenses 11 for determining the corneal curvature and, located in back of the latter and not visible, LED 10, cylindrical lenses 13 for the slit imaging for measuring the VKT and six IR diodes 24 for illumination and alignment of the eye 14.
[0026] The measurement tasks will be explained in more detail with reference to FIG. 4 based on the beam path A-D from the eye 14 to the CCD camera 23.
[0027] Beam path C: Alignment of the Device Relative to the Eye
[0028] The eye lies within the focal length of the achromate 18, is imaged to infinity and is imaged, via achromate 22, in the plane of the CCD camera. Achromate 19 is swiveled out. The patient is asked to look at a fixating light using laser diode (LD) or LED 1 so that the patient orients the pupil in the direction of the optical axis. It is necessary to image a larger portion of the eye 14 (e.g., 15 mm) on the CCD camera. Due to its low efficiency (about 5% in the focusing part), the DOE is less suited for imaging the iris structures, so that an optical system with fixed image scale comprising achromates 18 and 22 carries out the imaging. The DOE is preferably swiveled out.
[0029] In order to avoid creating any additional fixation stimuli for the patient, the eye 14 is illuminated by means of IR diodes 24 (FIG. 2) (e.g., 880 mm) which are preferably characterized by a wide radiating characteristic (large half-power angle). The device is adjusted to the patient by means of the known slit lamp cross-slide table which is displaceable in the X-Y-Z directions. The CCD camera can be, for example, a VCM 3405 by Phillips. Illumination of the eye is necessary in order to be able to adjust the patient to the device also in darkened rooms. This illumination should be as diffuse as possible for a field of 15 mm; however, imaging of the light source through the cornea cannot be avoided (since the cornea acts as a convex mirror).
[0030] The basic idea in this case is to use the illuminating means for adjustment of the patient's eye at the same time.
[0031] Six infrared LEDs 24 with a relatively large half-power angle are arranged on the circumference of a circle (possibly the same circle circumference as in keratometer measurements). These LEDs 24 generate six points on the cornea which are imaged on the CCD camera. The eye of the patient is shown live on an LC display or monitor; in addition, a circle or cross-hair is shown on the LCD or monitor to mark the center. In order to position the eye, the six points must be centered with respect to the displayed circle. This is done by moving the cross-slide table. The patient is correctly adjusted with respect to height, side and depth when the points are centered and sharp. The patient himself looks into the device, from which an adjusting laser 1 or LED 1a is projected, and the patient must focus on the latter. The laser reflection is seen in the center of the pupil.
[0032] Additional adjusting means are to be shown on the LC display/monitor. An avalanche photodiode APD is provided for detecting the interference signals of the device measuring axial length.
[0033] When the patient's eye is on the optical axis of the measuring device, the adjusting laser 1 or LED 1a is reflected by the front surface of the cornea; the reflected light is imaged on the APD. In this way, a direct voltage signal whose (relative) height is a measure for the centering of the patient's eye is generated by the APD. This direct voltage signal is returned to the internal computer via an A-D converter and, from the latter, is displayed in appropriate form (e.g., a bar or circle) on the LCD. Accordingly, further information about the state of adjustment of the patient's eye is conveyed to the user through the varying size of the bar or circle.
[0034] Beam Path D: ALM
[0035] The reflections of the laser diode 1 (e.g., 780 mm) are imaged on the CCD camera 23 via the DOE, as parallel beam path, and the achromates 22, wherein an eye portion of about 5 mm with swiveled out optics 18, 19 is displayed for observation and reflection adjustment. In order to transmit maximum energy to the APD 17, a large part of the total energy on the APD, advantageously more than approximately 80 to 95%, is coupled out in the splitter cube 15 shown in FIG. 2; therefore, only approximately 20 to 5% of the light falls on the CCD camera.
[0036] Beam Path B: Keratometer
[0037] The illumination is preferably carried out in a manner analogous to DD 251497 by means of six IR diodes 10 (e.g., 880 nm) in order not to inhibit the fixation of the patient's eye 14 on the fixating light of the LD 1 or LED 1a.
[0038] The predetermined resolution of the CCD camera 23 requires the imaging of a field no larger than approximately 6 mm on the eye 14 in order to achieve a measurement accuracy of 0.05 mm. The action of the DOE is preferably canceled again by swiveling it out and the achromates 18 and 19 carry out the imaging of the six cornea reflection images.
[0039] The following are used to increase a measuring accuracy which is extensively independent from the distance from the patient's eye to the device:
[0040] a telecentric diaphragm 21 which preferably limits the aperture for measurement to less than 0.05; and
[0041] collimators 11 which are located between the LED and the patient's eye and which keep the incident angle constant independent from the axial position of the patient's eye.
[0042] The imaging of the LED light is advantageously carried out via a pinhole diaphragm 10a which enables exact alignment of the keratometer measurement points. The collimator focal length should be greater than fifty-times the effective light source extension in order to achieve the desired accuracy of radial measurement independent from position.
[0043] Beam Path A: VKT
[0044] Due to the fact that light scattering is the decisive factor in the observation of light sections in the human eye, a light source with the shortest possible wavelength (e.g., 400-600 nm) must be selected for illumination of the eye 14. Also, in determining the VKT, a field no greater than approximately 6 mm at the eye 14 may be imaged on the CCD camera 23 to achieve the required measuring accuracy of 0.1 mm. This is accomplished by means of the achromates 18 and 19 while circumventing the DOE effect or when the DOE is swiveled out. Achromate 22 is swiveled out. The telecentric diaphragm 21 which is swiveled in or adjusted must have a greater diameter (for an aperture which is preferably greater than 0.07, e.g., 13 mm) in order that the light intensity of the low-light scatter images occurring in the VKT measurement is reduced only minimally. Accordingly, it is adjustable in at least two positions or can be exchanged for a second diaphragm.
[0045] The eye of the test subject is illuminated from the side at a fixed angle through the bright light slit. The light sections occurring on the eye are imaged on the CCD camera by an optical system 18, 19, 21. Illumination and observation form a fixed angle, preferably approximately 33°
[0046] FIG. 8A, b is a schematic view of the arrangement for determining the VKT in the illumination direction in FIG. 8A and in the detection direction in FIG. 8B.
[0047] The light slit is formed by a line of light-intensive LEDs 12 which are at a defined distance from a slit 12a of fixed width.
[0048] The slit 12a which is illuminated in this manner is imaged on the test subjects eye through a cylindrical lens 13 as slit image S.
[0049] The utilized LEDs typically last at least 10,000 hours (compared to 100-200 hours in halogen lamps).
[0050] There are no wear phenomena due to temperature load as in halogen lamps.
[0051] Imaging of the eye of the test subject is preferably carried out with the relevant image sections via imaging optics 18, 19, shown schematically, preferably on a CCD sensor 23. The imaging is carried out telecentrically--telecentric diaphragm 21--in order to minimize the influence of the alignment of the test subject. The video signal is displayed on a monitor or LC display, so that the user can carry out the adjustment of the test subject and the measurement in a natural posture.
[0052] The measurement process is not based on the measurable displacement of partial images; therefore, the pupil division can be dispensed with.
[0053] The signal of the CCD camera 23 is received in the memory of the computer C by means of a frame grabber FG.
[0054] Suitable image processing software is used for determining distances in the section image from which the VKT (accuracy 0.1 mm) is calculated.
[0055] An improvement in the relevant image contents (e.g., by eliminating ambient light) is achieved in that the illumination LEDs in suitable form are turned on and off cyclically synchronous to the video fields.
[0056] An achromate having a defined focal length is sufficient for imaging the eye on the CCD camera. The focal length is determined depending on the desired image section at the eye to be imaged.
[0057] The diaphragm 23 satisfying the condition of telecentrism is arranged in the image-side focal length of the achromate.
[0058] This simple construction of the imaging system ensures the possibility of uncomplicated integration in other systems.
[0059] The fixating light 1, 1a (LED) is blended in via beam splitter 8 in FIG. 8B.
[0060] A light source (e.g., LED 1a or laser diode 1) on which the subject fixes his gaze is integrated in the observation system.
[0061] The video signal of the camera is displayed on a monitor or LC display.
[0062] The user can confirm during adjustment and measurement of the subject that the subject's gaze is correctly fixed and, therefore, that the measurement results are not corrupt.
[0063] The slit which is illuminated in this manner is imaged on the test subject's eye (4) through a cylindrical lens.
[0064] Imaging--diverging slightly from a 1:1 imaging--of a slit with a width of 0.3 mm and aperture greater than 0.1 and the use of white-light LEDs have proven particularly advantageous.
[0065] Imaging of the eye of the test subject is preferably carried out with the relevant image sections via imaging optics 18, 19, preferably on a CCD sensor 8. The imaging is carried out telecentrically in order to minimize the influence of the alignment of the test subject. The video signal is displayed on a monitor or LC display, so that the user can carry out the adjustment of the test subject and the measurement in a natural posture.
[0066] The signal of the CCD camera is sent to the memory of a computer, e.g., by means of a frame grabber. Suitable image processing software is used for determining distances in the section image from which the VKT (accuracy 0.1 mm) is calculated. An improvement in the relevant image contents (e.g., by eliminating ambient light) is achieved in that the illumination LEDs in suitable form are turned on and off cyclically synchronous to the video fields.
[0067] In the following, it will be shown with reference to FIG. 7 how the VKT is determined based on the image on the CCD matrix. The Figure shows the image of the eye that is detected by the CCD camera with the reflection image FI of the adjusting laser and fixating LEDs, and the scatter light SH of the cornea and lens SL with illumination 1 switched on. D
[0068] Determination of the Distance of the Front Edges of the Scatter Images of the Cornea and Lens in Digitized Recordings
[0069] The starting point for image processing is (n times) a pair of images recorded in immediate succession: image 1 with switched on slit illumination ("bright image") and image 2, without slit illumination, with image of the fixating lamp ("dark image"). Processing is carried out through the following essential steps:
[0070] detection of the pupil in the dark image: histogram-based selection of a threshold value for binarization taking into account boundary constraints; determination of an ellipse circumscribing the pupil by evaluating the covariance matrix of the binary image;
[0071] detection of the fixation point in the pupil in the dark image: determination of all contiguous regions whose gray values are above the 0.9-quantile of the gray value distribution in the dark image; determination of a probability quantity for every region which depends on surface, shape and distance from the center point of the pupil; selection of the centroid of the likeliest region as fixating point;
[0072] calculation of the differential image (bright image minus dark image) and noise suppression in the differential image by means of median filtering;
[0073] determination of the edge shape of the scatter images of the slit illumination in the differential image: histogram-based selection of a threshold value for binarization taking into account boundary constraints; rough determination of the edges as location where threshold value is exceeded in given region around the fixating point; fine-tuned detection of the edges as location of the reversal point of the gray value shape in the line profile which comes closest to the roughly detected position; elimination of reflection edges by detection of mavericks or freak values in the edge shape (distance of a given proportion of points furthest from the average edge shape);
[0074] determination of the distance X of the front edges of cornea scatter image and lens scatter image SH, SL (in pixels): approximation of the edge shape through ellipses (restricted minimization of the square error sum); calculation of the distance of the intersections of these ellipses with the horizontal through the fixating point.
[0075] Calculation of the Anterior Chamber Depth from the Above-Mentioned Distance:
[0076] Conversion of the distance K in pixels into mm (including imaging scale of optics and pixel size of CCD matrix)
[0077] r=corneal radius
[0078] n=index of refraction of the aqueous humor.
[0079] omega.=angle between illumination and observation
VKT = r + x tan [ arcsin sin ( ω - arcsin x r ) n + arcsin x r ] - { x tan [ arcsin sin ( ω - arcsin x r ) n + arcsin x r ] } 2 - { x tan [ arcsin sin ( ω - arcsin x r ) n + arcsin x r ] } 2 + r 2 ##EQU00001##
[0080] This formula applies exactly when the image of the fixating lamp is located at the front edge of the lens scatter image as is shown in FIG. 7; otherwise, the distance of the fixating lamp image from the front edge of the lens scatter image can be determined and a correction value can be determined for the anterior chamber depth from the amount of this "decentering" based on known imaging formulas. The corneal radius is preferably measured by means of the keratometer device described above.
[0081] Following is an overview of characteristic settings to be considered when combining the three required measurements and the adjusting process:
TABLE-US-00001 Adjustment ALM Keratometer VKT Field size approx. approx. approx. approx. 15 mm 5 mm 6 mm 6 mm Wavelength IR (e.g., e.g., IR (e.g., VIS (e.g., 880 nm) approx. 880 nm) 400-600 nm) 780 mm Beam removed removed approx. approx. diaphragm 6 mm 13 mm DOE no effect active no effect no effect (removed) (removed) (removed)
[0082] As this overview shows, different wavelength ranges are used with the different measurement tasks. The splitter cubes 8 and 15 are very important in this connection, since the illumination beam path, observation beam path and measurement beam path are separate from one another. This task is performed by special splitter layers taking into account the linear polarization of the laser diode 1.
[0083] Splitter Cube 8:
[0084] The laser light coming from the interferometer should be reflected at a maximum in the direction of the eye 14; the laser light coming from the eye 14 should have maximum transmission. In addition, the splitter layer in the cube 8 must have maximum transmission for the IR light component and VIS light component of the keratometer measurement and VKT measurement. Since the LD 1 (for example, LT 023, Sharp) involves linearly polarized light, a dielectric multiple layer with a polarizing effect can preferably be used. The characteristic transmission path is shown in FIG. 4. The vertically polarized light (s-pol, 780 nm) coming from 1 is reflected as much as possible (approximately 98%).
[0085] Circularly polarized light is generated by the quarter-wave plate. The light reflected by the eye 14 is accordingly linearly polarized again after passing the quarter-wave plate; however, the polarization direction is rotated by 90° (parallel-polarized, p-pol). For this oscillation direction, the splitter layer has approximately 100% transmission at 780 nm. The IR and VIS LEDs emit unpolarized light. As will be gathered from FIG. 6, the transmission of the splitter layer in the wavelength range of 420 to 580 nm and in the range of 870 to 1000 nm is greater than 90% for unpolarized light.
[0086] Construction of Layer: Splitter Cube 8:
[0087] Aside from its normal function--high polarization splitter effect in a defined wavelength range--this polarization splitter cube fulfills additional requirements of high transmission in the visual wavelength range (420 . . . 560 nm) and in the near infrared range (870 . . . 1000 nm). The layer design meets these requirements for a narrow incident angle range of 46° The utilized materials are adapted to one another with respect to the refractive index of the substrate, cement and coating substances. The following materials were selected for this special use:
TABLE-US-00002 Substrate: SF2 n = 1.64 cement n = 1.64 H n = 1.93 L n = 1.48
[0088] The design is formed of 17 alternating layers of H L.
[0089] HFO2 is H, SIO2 is L.
[0090] For comparable splitters, suitable splitters can be fabricated by suitable selection of the index of refraction of the substrate and coating substances and angle of incidence.
[0091] Parameters:
[0092] high transmission of 420 . . . 560 nm, unpolarized
[0093] high transmission of 870 . . . 1000 nm, unpolarized
[0094] polarization splitting 780.+-0.20 nm
TABLE-US-00003 [0095] 1 HFO2 156.8 nm 2 SIO2 118.1 nm 3 HFO2 166.4 nm 4 SIO2 95.8 nm 5 HFO2 160.2 nm 6 SIO2 147.3 nm 7 HFO2 145.6 nm 8 SIO2 151.0 nm 9 HFO2 144.9 nm 10 SIO2 148.2 nm 11 HFO2 149.2 nm 12 SIO2 139.9 nm 13 HFO2 161.3 nm 14 SIO2 103.9 nm 15 HFO2 179.5 nm 16 SIO2 64.9 nm 17 HFO2 170.9 nm
[0096] Splitter Cube 15:
[0097] The laser light coming from the splitter cube 8 should be reflected by about 80 to 95% with a transmission of approximately 20-5%, The splitter layer should have maximum transmission for the IR and VIS light components. This layer is likewise realized by a polarization splitter which resembles the splitter layer in 8 with respect to its characteristics. The half-wave plate arranged on the splitter cube 15 rotates the polarization direction of the arriving light by 90.degree so that the s-pol component again impinges on splitter cube 15. The splitter ratio mentioned above is adjusted by modifying the layer 8. For unpolarized light in the IR and VIS range, the transmission is greater than 90%.
[0098] Construction of the Layer: Splitter 15:
[0099] Apart from the requirements of the s-pol reflection of 80 . . . 95% with a wavelength of 780 nm.+-0.20 nm, the splitter cube meets the additional requirements of high transmission in the visual wavelength range (420 . . . 560 nm) and in the near infrared range (870 . . . 1000 nm) (FIG. 6B). The layer design satisfies these requirements for a narrow incident angle range of 46° The utilized materials are adapted to one another with respect to the refractive index of the substrate, cement and coating substances. The following materials were selected for this special use:
TABLE-US-00004 Substrate: BK7 n = 1.52 cement n = 1.52 H n = 1.93 L n = 1.48
[0100] The design is formed of 13 alternating layers of H L.
[0101] For comparable splitters, suitable splitters can be manufactured by suitable selection of the index of refraction of the substrate and coating substances and angle of incidence.
[0102] Parameters:
[0103] high transmission of 420 . . . 560 nm, unpolarized
[0104] high transmission of 870 . . . 1000 nm, unpolarized
[0105] reflection s-pol approximately 80 . . . 0.95% 780.+-0.20 nm
TABLE-US-00005 [0106] 1 HFO2 130.2 nm 2 SIO2 215.4 nm 3 HFO2 130.6 nm 4 SIO2 17.8 nm 5 HFO2 160.7 nm 6 SIO2 241.6 nm 7 HFO2 136.6 nm 8 SIO2 240.0 nm 9 HFO2 156.4 nm 10 SIO2 18.0 nm 11 HFO2 135.1 nm 12 SIO2 214.1 nm 13 HFO2 131.3 nm
[0107] According to FIG. 5, a central control is provided for adjusting and controlling all adjustable units and optical elements such as optics 18, 19, 22, diaphragm 21, etc.
[0108] The different imaging scales taking into account the action of the DOE call for reversing processes in the device. These reversing processes are preferably carried out by means of motor and in a program-controlled manner.
[0109] A compact device has been realized in which the essential electronics building blocks are integrated. The heart of the device is an embedded Pentium controller C to which are connected a display D (showing the eye 14 being examined and a menu for the user), keypad, mouse, foot switch and printer as peripheral equipment.
[0111] The control of the laser diode 1 and interferometer slide IS (movable prism 5, connected with measuring system) is carried out via the controller C. To reduce the influence of eye movements, a short measuring time (less than 0.5 sec) must be realized. The signal generated by the APD 17 reaches a signal processing unit SE, is amplified depending on the signal size, then amplified in a frequency-selective manner and converted from analog to digital at a sampling frequency corresponding to approximately four-times the frequency of the useful signal. The digital sampling values are taken over by the high-speed port HS of the Pentium platform. Digital signal processing is carried out in the latter by means of Fourier transformation without externally generated reference frequency. The signal is shown on the display; the path measurement system delivers the respective axial length quantity.
[0112] The controller C is connected with the control of the CCD camera 23 and the diodes 10. In the adjusting process for measuring the corneal curvature, the diodes 10 are preferably operated in continuous light mode in order to prevent flickering of the corneal reflected images shown on the LCD. During the measuring process, these diodes are switched on and off imagewise; for this purpose, the controller C controls the diodes 10 synchronously with the image pulse of the CCD camera 23, i.e., the diodes are switched on in one image and switched off in the next image. After subtraction of two successive images, only the reflections of the cornea that were generated by the LEDs 10 are obtained in image pairs, and interfering reflections of ambient light are eliminated. The reflection images occurring on the camera 23 are digitized by means of frame grabbers FG and are stored in the working memory of the Pentium platform (controller C).
[0113] Subsequently, the centroid positions of the reflection images of the diodes are determined by means of image processing and calculation of the corneal radii by means of the approximation formulas described in DD 251497. To improve the reproducibility of the measurement results, approximately 5 image series (each comprising two fields or half-images, with and without exposure by the synchronized LEDs) are recorded per measurement process.
[0115] Further, the controller C is connected with the diodes 12. During the adjusting process (alignment), the diodes 12 are preferably operated in continuous light mode in a manner analogous to the keratometer.
[0116] During the measuring process, the illumination diodes for the left and right eye are selectively cycled (similar to the keratometer) by the controller.
[0117] Depending on the user preset, the device is displaced to the left or to the right and is aligned with the center of the eye by appropriate means.
[0118] The edge position of the scatter images is determined by means of image processing.
[0119] The VKT is calculated from the distance of the cornea and lens scatter images as was already described. Again, approximately 5 image series are recorded per measurement process.
[0120] The controller C is connected with the diodes 24. The IR diodes 24 for illuminating the eye can be switched on at a desired time by means of the controller (so as to be controlled within the program or by the user). Further, the controller is connected (not shown) with the controls for swiveling in and swiveling out or adjusting the DOE 9, lenses 18, 19, 22 and diaphragms 21.
[0121] The calculation of the IOL from the determined measurement values AL, HEIR, VKT is carried out by means of internationally recognized calculation formulas which are stored in the device memory so as to be retrievable and is printed out by the printer.
[0122] While the foregoing description and drawings represent the present invention, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes may be made therein without departing from the true spirit and scope of the present invention.
Patent applications by Axel Doering, Jena DE
Patent applications by Burkhard Dietzel, Buergel DE
Patent applications by Dietmar Steinmetz, Bucha DE
Patent applications by Frank Behrendt, Jena DE
Patent applications by Klaus-Ditmar Voigt, Jena DE
Patent applications by Lothar Mueller, Ottendorf DE
Patent applications by Roland Barth, Jena DE
Patent applications by Roland Bergner, Jena DE
Patent applications by Siegfried Schubert, Jena DE
Patent applications in class Including eye photography
Patent applications in all subclasses Including eye photography
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Chamberlain College of Nursing Program Review
Chamberlain College of Nursing educates nursing professionals and students by giving them personal attention and career-specific training. RNs can receive transfer credit to put them on an accelerated path to receiving their BSN degree, and all students are prepared to work in high-tech clinical environments. Chamberlain's mission is to help students apply the skills they learn in class to their future careers, giving them the tools they need to become compassionate leaders in the healthcare service industry.
Chamberlain College, originally known as Deaconess College of Nursing, was founded in 1889 as a diploma school of nursing. As the school evolved, Deaconess began offering ASN and BSN degrees to its students. In 2005, DeVry Inc. acquired the school, and it changed its name to Chamberlain College of Nursing. Campuses are located in Addison, IL, Columbus, OH, Phoenix, AZ, and St. Louis, MO, as well as online. Chamberlain College of Nursing and its programs are accredited by the following institutions: the Higher Learning Commission (HLC) of the North Central Association of Colleges and Schools; the National League for Nursing Accrediting Commission (NLNAC); and the Commission on Collegiate Nursing Education (CCNE).
Students pursuing nursing degrees at Chamberlain College have access to cutting edge technology, focused coursework and accelerated degree programs. The BSN degree is offered at the St. Louis, Columbus, Phoenix and Addison campuses, and the fast track RN to BSN degree is available online. Associate level nursing programs are offered at the Columbus campus, and the LPN to RN Bridge Program is offered at the St. Louis and Columbus locations.
The school's core values center around caring for the individual, focusing on health and nursing, and understanding unique nursing and teaching environments.


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The Eye
Britney Spears To Take The Stage At The 2016 MTV Video Music Awards: Countdown Her Best VMA Performances Ever
Oops, she is doing it again!
Britney Spears will officially be performing live at the 2016 MTV Video Music Awards, which will take place Aug. 28 at the legendary Madison Square Garden at 9 p. m. ET/PT.
The 34-year-old blonde pop-star, who has 28 VMA nominations and five wins from the past, announced the exciting news via a video created by L.A.-based experimental director Radical Friend.
The highly-anticipated performance will mark her triumphant return to the VMA stage for the first time in a decade. She'll be joined by her "Make Me" partner in crime, rapper G-Eazy, for the world premiere live performance of the single from her ninth studio album "Glory."
Britney joins a lineup that also includes artists such as Ariana Grande, Nicki Minaj; Nick Jonas, Ty Dolla $ign, Drake, Future, The Chainsmokers, Halsey and 2016 Video Vanguard recipient Rihanna.
Of course, we all know Brit Brit knows how to turn out an epic show for a star-studded audience. MTV helped launch her to superstardom in the late 1990s and gave her a stage on which to strut with a snake draped over her shoulders in 2001. Then there was the infamous Madonna makeout in 2003 and a questionable "Gimme More" performance in 2007. With a few seasons of her famous Vegas shows under her belt, Britney is ready to give the ultimate VMA comeback.
To celebrate what's to come this weekend, we are looking back and counting down Britney's best VMA performances ever. Scroll down below and tell us which Brit stage takeover was your favorite.
#5."Gimme More" (2007)
Definitely a not her strongest appearance at the award show, but it got "it's Britney bitch" in our heads forever.
#4. "Baby One More Time"/ "Tearin' Up My Heart" with *NSYNC (1999)
Brit made her VMA debut alongside then-boyfriend Justin Timberlake's boy band. Total late '90s realness!
#3. "Like a Virgin"/ "Hollywood" with Madonna, Missy Elliott and Christina Aguilera (2003)
The naughty mash-up had everyone's tongues wagging, especially Madonna's.
#2. "I'm a Slave 4 U" (2001)
Sexy, sizzling and snake-filled. Brit slayed this year.
#1. "Satisfaction" / "Oops!...I Did It Again" (2000)
Two words. "Holy abs." The VMAs were never the same again.
Aug 26, 2016 09:50 AM EDT


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Intern Nation: How to Earn Nothing and Learn Little in the Brave New Economyby Ross Perlin
Millions of young people—and increasingly some not-so-young people—now work as interns. They famously shuttle coffee in a thousand magazine offices, legislative backrooms, and Hollywood studios, but they also deliver aid in Afghanistan, map the human genome, and pick up garbage. Intern Nation is the first exposé of the exploitative world of/i>
Millions of young people—and increasingly some not-so-young people—now work as interns. They famously shuttle coffee in a thousand magazine offices, legislative backrooms, and Hollywood studios, but they also deliver aid in Afghanistan, map the human genome, and pick up garbage. Intern Nation is the first exposé of the exploitative world of internships. In this witty, astonishing, and serious investigative work, Ross Perlin profiles fellow interns, talks to academics and professionals about what unleashed this phenomenon, and explains why the intern boom is perverting workplace practices around the world.
The hardcover publication of this book precipitated a torrent of media coverage in the US and UK, and Perlin has added an entirely new afterword describing the growing focus on this woefully underreported story. Insightful and humorous, Intern Nation will transform the way we think about the culture of work.
Editorial Reviews
"A book that offers landmark coverage of its topic."—Andrew Ross, London Review of Books
"Perlin contends that most internships are illegal, according to the Fair Labor and Standards Act, stripping people who are employees in all but name of workers' rights."—New Yorker
"A portrait of how white-collar work is changing ... thought-provoking and at times jaw-dropping—almost a companion volume to Naomi Klein's celebrated 2000 exposé of modern sweatshops, No Logo."—Andy Beckett, Guardian
"A compelling investigation of a trend that threatens to destroy 'what's left of the ordered world of training, hard work and fair compensation' ... Full of restrained force and wit, this is a valuable book on a subject that demands attention."—Anna Winter, Observer
"[An] eye-opening, welcome exposé."—Sunday Times
"This vigorous and persuasive book ... argues that the fundamental issue is the growing contingency of the global workforce."—Roger D. Hodge, Bookforum
"Organizations in America save $2 billion a year by not paying interns a minimum wage, writes Ross Perlin in Intern Nation."—Economist
"Well-researched and timely."—Daily Telegraph
"[E]ye-opening ... The book tackles a sprawling topic with earnestness and flair."—Katy Waldman, Washington Post
"Perlin ... has an eye for polemical effectiveness."—Times Literary Supplement
"A timely book addressing the exploitation of the nation's younger workforce under the guise of the 'internship model.'"—Most Anticipated Books of Spring 2011, Huffington Post
"A serious and extremely well-written text that offers sophisticated historical material about the origins of internship and its impact on the individuals concerned, the firms that use it and the world of work more generally."—Cary L. Cooper, Times Higher Education
"Perlin's attempt to understand internships as a symptom of wider trends in the economy ... makes the book such a fascinating read."—Spectator
"When you are competing for jobs during a recession, the only thing worse than being exploited can be not being exploited. Yes, many internships are really crummy, but then some of them do ultimately lead to something ... which is why, when people have no access to internships at all, it makes them invisible."—Ross Perlin speaking to Kaya Burgess, Times of London
"Perlin dissects the employment practices of some of the world's biggest corporations, inc¬luding Disney, which he accuses of replacing "well-trained, decently compensated full-timers" with an army of low-paid interns. But for employers that approach recruitment strategically, internships are typically a cost—albeit one they hope will pay off in better, happier recruits."—Financial Times
"[Perlin's] exposé on the internship model initiates a critical conversation on internships ... his thoughtful book is necessary reading for the millions of young people trying to break into the working world through internships."—Publishers Weekly
"That fact that it took this long for someone to write this book seems as blatantly wrong as the practice itself. Perlin provides a welcome, long-overdue and much-needed argument."—Kirkus Reviews
"Perlin's writing is engaging and the questions he raises are valid ones in an increasingly competitive job market."—Library Journal
"[A] blistering, highly entertaining attack on today's internship culture."—Boston Globe
"Cloaked in the innocent idea of the intern, aggressive employers are using young people trying to get a foothold to weaken the leverage of existing workers, especially professionals. Ross Perlin gives us an account of another subterranean strategy to undermine working people in the US."—Frances Fox Piven, Distinguished Professor of Political Science and Sociology at the Graduate Center, CUNY
"Alas, the valuable internship institution is being widely and flagrantly abused, as Ross Perlin demonstrates in this eye-opening book. A huge chunk of the American workplace has been distorted in an unhealthy way, and Perlin provides not only the diagnosis but the beginnings of a prescription."—James Ledbetter, editor in charge of Reuters.com, and author of Unwarranted Influence
"The world has been waiting for this book. It's lucky that someone as thoughtful and politically aware as Ross Perlin was there to write it."—Anya Kamenetz, author of Generation Debt and DIY U
"Few books have been written about the effect of internships, so this short book will be eye-opening for many. Students and parents should add it their reading lists."—Repps Hudson, St. Louis Post-Dispatch
"For critics such as Ross Perlin, author of Intern Nation, unpaid labor harms everyone in the labor market."—Alexandra Alper, Reuters
"Intern Nation provides a wide-angle overview of an international system of labor subsidization masked as career opportunity—indeed, as a de rigueur component of baccalaureate and even postgraduate degree work, without which a young person cannot hope to secure a gratifying and adequately remunerative professional career in the twenty-first century."—Cecelia Tichi, Academe Magazine
"[A] scathing look at the internship culture ..."—Washingtonian
"[Intern Nation] tracks how the explosion of internships in creative fields changed the entry level of many industries."—New York Times Critic's Notebook
The Washington Post
An intrepid ex-intern finally states the obvious—that internships are illogical, unfair and potentially dangerous to an already precarious economic system.
In the business and political worlds, interns have been around long time, making copies, fetching coffee and occasionally inciting scandals that call for the impeachment of influential elected officials.But, as Perlin deftly points out in his well-reasoned narrative, the number of unpaid interns in the workforce has skyrocketed in recent years, creating a bizarre, vicious economic cycle. Put simply, since the economic crash of 2008, there are fewer jobs than there have been for the better part of the century, which means scores of graduates who can't find work but need experience.As this talented, educated workforce arrives willing to work for free, employers are saving tremendous amounts of money (to the tune of $600 million per year), and therefore have even less incentive to create paid jobs, thus creating an even bigger void for the next crop.The logic here is certainly not earth-shattering, but the actual numbers are staggering.Another seemingly obvious but thus far uninvestigated point is the issue of the law.With so many fair-labor laws on the books, Perlin examines how it is legally possible that nearly half of 2008 college graduates have jobs with no pay or health benefits—he discovers that most are not entirely legal and certainly violate the spirit of the law.This point becomes particularly sticky because interns lack not only compensation, but also basic protections guaranteed by the same labor laws, essentially giving them no legal rights as workers—this adds complexity to an argument that can at times feel repetitive.
That fact that it took this long for someone to write this book seems as blatantly wrong as the practice itself. Perlin provides a welcome, long-overdue and much-needed argument.
Product Details
- 9781844678839
- Publisher:
- Verso Books
- Publication date:
- 04/04/2012
- Edition description:
- Updated
- Pages:
- 286
- Sales rank:
- 1,302,061
- Product dimensions:
- 5.10(w) x 7.70(h) x 1.00(d)
What People are Saying About This
Meet the Author
Ross Perlin is a graduate of Stanford, SOAS, and Cambridge, and has written for, the New York Times, Time magazine, Lapham's Quarterly, Guardian, Daily Mail, and Open Democracy. He is researching disappearing languages in China.
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