text:
The Luxury Visionaries 2016
Old Tom is a style of gin that became popular in the grimy slums and alleys of 18th-century London and is now experiencing an unexpected renaissance in the smart bars and hotels of the 21st-century capital.
Back in the days of Hogarth, when much gin was effectively home-made using such rudimentary distillation techniques that it tasted very rough and pungent, juniper was one technique used to disguise the off flavours and harsh edges. Other, strong-tasting, often fruity and sweet botanicals – in particular, liquorice – were drafted in to help – and this heavily textured, spiced style was known as Old Tom.
No one can quite agree on where the name came from. There are several stories doing the rounds. One suggestion is that an old tom cat fell into a vat of gin and drowned, giving it a rather distinctive taste. Another that the style takes the name of an elderly distiller called Thomas Chamberlain. Perhaps the most colourful is that when in an attempt to stamp out gin-drinking the government made licences to sell it so expensively (at £50) that it was mostly traded illegally, one back-street shop used to dispense it through a wooden cat – you put coins in the mouth, and then used your mouth, or a tin mug, to capture the gin that trickled from its paws.
The other big question with Old Tom gin is: was it sweet? It has always been said that, together with the strong botanicals, sugar syrup was also used to mask the off-tastes, making Old Tom a sweet, cordial-like gin, but modern spirit historians present a more nuanced theory.
Spirits expert Simon Difford says that 19th-century archive recipes and distillers' notebooks suggest to him that the original Old Tom style was sweetened only through its botanicals, with the addition of sugar to a dry gin being a later variation.
Old Tom is now staging a bit of a comeback. The first I ever tasted was Jensen's London-Distilled Old Tom, made by a city IT specialist to an original recipe from the 1840s. It's superbly good stuff. Now Tanqueray has just released its own version, a limited edition (but not that limited – there are 100,000 bottles) Old Tom made to an 1835 archive recipe using coriander, liquorice and angelica. It's said by Diageo (who own Tanqueray) to be available only in bars but I see thewhiskyexchange.com has managed to secure a supply – £49.95 for a one litre bottle.
The Dorchester has also commissioned an exclusive revival, made by the City of London Distillery. You can order this in the Dorchester bar: try the Old Tom Cobbler cocktail (£16), made with coriander, lemongrass and elderflower and created specially to showcase Old Tom gin. The Dorchester's Old Tom is also sold in wax-sealed bottles that come in three sizes – the largest, 70cl, costs £65.
I think they're both good – you get a bit of diesel on the nose, then the rattle of Indian seed spices on the finish with the Tanqueray, while the Dorchester is fatter and sweeter, filled with liquorice and orange-peel flavours.
Try Old Tom with tonic or use it to make a Tom Collins (gin, lemon juice, carbonated water and sugar) – no prizes for guessing where the name for that came from.


text:
Welcome to week 98 of Talkin' Tattoos Tuesday! I did an intro post where I explained my goal in posting these every week and how you can submit your photo to be featured. Check out the post if you need to refresh your memory. Since I've went through all my tattoos, now I'll be sharing photos I've found online, and the occasional viewer submission when they come in.
Tuesday, June 30, 2015
Monday, June 29, 2015
Chuckles Crave-able Jelly Candy
Since first arriving on the scene in 1921, Chuckles® irresistible jelly candies have been bringing smiles to kids' faces. Today, the classic "Chuckles five" – Cherry, Lemon, Lime, Orange and Licorice – are still an iconic candy that's ridiculously easy to enjoy.
Get Chuckles this Summer—Both Laughs and the Classic Jelly Candy—during America's #1 Comedy Competition and Take Advantage of a Limited-Time 2-for-1 Ticket Offer
INDIANAPOLIS — What do you get when you combine America's #1 Comedy Competition with classic, crave-able jelly candy? Lots of Chuckles® at ComedySportz Indianapolis (721 Massachusetts Ave, Indianapolis, IN)! This summer, Chuckles is partnering with ComedySportz Indianapolis, for a special 2-for-1, limited-time ticket offer to ComedySportz® matches. Use code CHUCKLES to redeem the ComedySportz buy-one-get-one free ticket offer through Oct. 25, 2015. For tickets, call the ComedySportz Indianapolis box office at (317) 951-8499/Toll Free (866) 91-LAUGH.
Offer is valid 6/1/2015 to 10/25/2015. Redeemable with advance reservations only at participating clubs. Find your nearest location to see ComedySportz at http://CSzWorldwide.com/Chuckles. Must call ahead for tickets, and must mention CHUCKLES special offer code when ordering. Redemption is subject to availability of tickets. Good for public performances only. Not redeemable for cash. Not valid with any other offer.
Posted by Michelle and Lakeon at 5:00 PM 2 comments
Friday, June 26, 2015
Exergen Smart Glow TemporalScanner Thermometer
I received a free item to help with this review. All opinions are my own.
The Exergen TemporalScanner™ Thermometer is a non-invasive system with advanced infrared technology providing maximum ease of use with quick, consistently accurate measurements. Advanced, patented technology measures temperatures with a gentle stroke across the forehead.
The TemporalScanner™ comes with four ways to make it even easier to take a temperature:
- A softly illuminated display for easy reading in any light – perfect for checking the temperature of a sleeping infant in a darkened room
- Beeping sound indicating scanning can be turned off or on to avoid waking a sleeping child
- Automatically retains the last eight temperature readings for instant recall to check on fever progression
- Ability to switch between Fahrenheit and Celsius modes
Posted by Michelle and Lakeon at 7:00 AM 1 comments
Thursday, June 25, 2015
Put Me in The Story: Frozen Personalized Book
Thanks to Put Me in The Story for the book free for this review
Put Me In The Story takes the bestselling children's books that you already know and love and lets you personalize them with a dedication page with your child's name, photo and a special message from you. Your child will become the star of bestselling stories with their name appearing throughout a hardcover keepsake or the iPad app.
Our girls are obsessed with Frozen, just like about every other family with little girls, so when Put Me In The Story contacted me, I knew this would be a fun book for our girls to share, read, and enjoy!
Posted by Michelle and Lakeon at 7:00 AM 0 comments
Wednesday, June 24, 2015
FabKids June Box Review
Thanks to Fab Kids for the outfit to help with this review
FabKids was founded to empower boys and girls to express their individuality through personalized outfits while revolutionizing the shopping experience for moms and dads by delivering high-quality, reasonably priced, fresh style in just 'one-click.'
For our June review I chose this Eyelet top and rainbow heart leggings because I loved our May review so much which was a rainbow heart dress! The pattern is cute, girly, bright, and just puts a smile on your face!
Posted by Michelle and Lakeon at 7:00 AM 0 comments
Tuesday, June 23, 2015
Talkin' Tattoos Tuesday: Week 97
Welcome to week 97 of Talkin' Tattoos Tuesday! I did an intro post where I explained my goal in posting these every week and how you can submit your photo to be featured. Check out the post if you need to refresh your memory. Since I've went through all my tattoos, now I'll be sharing photos I've found online, and the occasional viewer submission when they come in.
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
|03-16-2011 08:29 AM CET - Industry, Real Estate & Construction
Altuglas® launches its new private European website
Press release from: ALTUGLAS INTERNATIONAL
This private area is for professional users only: architects, designers, development engineers, processors of plastics, manufacturers, sign-makers and craftsmen, as well as those distributing the brand. Many industrial sectors are covered by the site, from the automotive industry to the worlds of design and visual communication. The website is available in four languages: English, French, German and Italian.
Users receive advance information on the latest developments, supported on an everyday basis by practical decision-making aids and useful comparators, particularly with regard to choice of colours. A picture library offers a multitude of examples of how Altuglas® sheet is being used. The site also has an on line store for samples of acrylic sheet for projects, as well as promotional material for designers and architects.
More about PMMA sheet:
Widely known as "acrylic glass", polymethyl methacrylate polymer has exceptional optical properties that are better than those of glass. These properties have made it the product of choice for those working in many sectors of industry, from visual communication to building.
More about Altuglas International, subsidiary of the ARKEMA group:
Altuglas International, integrated world leader in PMMA, is highly involved in the technical plastics sector - from MMA monomer to PMMA acrylic glass. Altuglas International develops and produces new products to suit the needs of its customers worldwide. It employs 1,300 wholly dedicated staff, who contribute daily to the three business sectors (MMA, PMMA sheet and PMMA resins). Find out more on www.altuglasint.com.
Press contact :
Béatrice TROUDET
Altuglas International
89 Boulevard National
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Your portal is fast, simple, and easy to use. Others may have more functions but they also demand more editing time, you have to preformat the text in order to achieve a good result etc.
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text: [Pharmacology of monoamine neurotransmitter transporters].Toshihiro Dohi, Shigeo Kitayama, Key Kumagai, Wataru Hashimoto, Katsuya MoritaNihon yakurigaku zasshi. Folia pharmacologica…2002Following exocytotic release, the biogenic amine neurotransmitters, norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin are removed from the synaptic cleft by the respective transporter, NET, DAT, and SERT, located on the plasma membrane and then re-stored into synaptic vesicles by vesicular monoamine transporter, VMAT. The molecular cloning of these transporters… (More)


text:
Arthur Crow (1861-1901)
224,997pages onAdd New Page
this wiki
this wiki
BiographyArthur Crow was born 1861 in Paddington, New South Wales, Australia to Robert Crow (1821-1881) and Susan Kilworth (1825-1881) and died 2 December 1901 in Goulburn, New South Wales, Australia of unspecified causes. He married Catherine McDermott (1862-1929) 27 June 1881 in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Footnotes (including sources)
|‡ General
|¶ Death


text:
Just how important is the Lima City Singles to bowlers in our community you may ask?
On Saturday afternoon approximately 45 individuals converged at 20th Century Lanes to get a look at what the conditions could look like for this season's version of the tournament. We will take a much closer look at this tournament in next Sunday's edition but not sure it needs a bigger endorsement than the attendance this afternoon.
Qualifying rounds for the Classic are December 10th at 2:30 and 5:30pm and Sunday the 11th at high noon.
Chandler Stevens had a 'great look' on Saturday and claimed the Sweeper Gold. He was already on the lips of a view as a serious contender for the title and was brilliant on Saturday afternoon.
The tale of the tape showed only twelve of the better bowlers in our area topping the 200 plateau. The afternoon seemed to belong to the young guns. As mentioned Stevens was top dog and the unofficial info that I have had Jimmie Ebeling, Kody Perrine and Tsean Peters on the plus side of the ledger. It was great seeing veterans Bob Edwards, Joe Schroeder and Kraig Perrine also find a path to the pocket. Jason Mahlie and Rob Fletcher also had a decent afternoon.
Last weekend at 20th Century, the LBA played host to roughly 80 teams for their annual Holiday Mixed Doubles event.
While the LBA did a solid job in getting the word out to their membership, a great deal of the credit for the turnout goes to Fred and Vicki olber and the bowlers of Ada and Bluffton who made up about one half of the field.
I have long referred to Fred and Vicki as the mayor and first lady of Ada and Saturday night was not any different. If bowling gave a game ball the two of them would each be entitled to one. They partnered with Lucky Limo to arrange transportation and even fed the folks when they got back to Ada. Vicki had me at pancakes and biscuits and gravy.
The tournament itself was a huge success based not only on the numbers but the performances of the bowlers.
Bill Meeker teamed with his wife Sue for yet another notch on his Hall of Fame resume. Brent Jones was one of two bowlers, Jeff Triplett the other who rolled 299 games for tournament medalist honors.
Jones teamed with Kelsey Miller for second place in the tournament with Josh Wittkamp and Natalie Fisher in third. Paul and Mindy Burkholder earned fourth place in the event.
A few days later, Tina Triplett was still praising her husband for his strong performance, the 299 game and 76ish series. She was being hard on herself for her score but then again without the pins that she rolled they would not even have made page two of the leaderboard.
UNOH continues to roll well…
UNOH is having a solid bowling season with very little fanfare and this past weekend was not any exception as they had another great finish in the Falcon Classic at Interstate Lanes in Rossford.
It seems that whenever any squad from our area rolls at Interstate that something good happens and the Racers are not an exception to that rule. Last season it was Samantha Dudley that rolled a massive series to claim scoring honors over all participants male and female and this year in was Michael Staniford leading the way for all competitors in the event at 207 pins over the 200 norm. Jimmie Ebeling was a beast here as well finishing 172 pins over.
Staniford earned Player of the Week honors for the Wolverine Hoosier Conference for his brilliant performance.
It may be a good thing for those competing in the Lima City Singles that it conflicts with his work schedule at this point and he may not be in the mix.
High School bowlers on fire also …
Just a quick hit here in case you may have missed the weekday edition covering high school bowling in our area. The report will normally be in on Monday and some cases Tuesday depending upon when final stats are released.
For now I will say it was a great opening week for Lima schools with Shawnee, Lima Senior High and LCC getting off to week one wins as did Ottawa Glandorf. Temple Christian dropped a very tough decision to Russia when the unpredictable occurred.
Wapak and Coldwater continued to be Wapak and Coldwater. That of course means yet another season underway and another reload… not that a great deal of reloading was needed.
Brandon Kennard rolled 514 and Tyler Miller a 506 to spur the men of Wapak to a big win 3252 – 2221 over Ft Loramie. By the way the two scores of the young men were for two game sets. In the those two games The Redskins rolled games of 1126 and 933 before a five game 1133 baker set of five games.
Carlee Hosterman rolled 423 to pace the young ladies to a near 700 pin route of Ft. Loramie.
The big story for the young ladies however came in Coldwater in their match with Van Wert. It was one week earlier that Paige Hartings had to miss the Singles tournament as she awaited medical clearance to begin practice and compete. On Saturday afternoon she competed and then some with games of 198 and 253 for scoring honors of 451. She was joined by teammates Brianna Wenning 434 and Kailey Niekamp 404 to demonstrate that the Lady Cavs are again a force.
Call 20th or find Bob Edwards and get signed up for the City Singles …see you around the lanes….


text:
Oceans of Innovation
The Atlantic, the Pacific, Global Leadership, and the Future of Education
Institute for Public Policy Research, August 2012
By Michael Barber, Katelyn Donnelly, and Saad Rizvi
There is much debate in academic and intellectual circles about whether we will see an Asian or a Pacific century ahead, or whether the United States will emerge from the doldrums and lead in the next century as it did in the past one. This paper takes a different perspective. We take as a point of departure the fact that, after 350 years of Atlantic leadership of the global economy, we will see the Pacific rise. At the very least, the Pacific will share that leadership.
The questions we focus on and the debates we believe necessary are: What kind of leadership will the twenty-first century require? To what extent is the Pacific region ready to provide this leadership? And what are the implications of the answers to these questions for public policy in the region and for education systems in particular?
Our answers to these questions emphasize the importance of innovation. Innovation drives economic influence; economic influence underpins global leadership; and global leadership requires innovation to solve the many problems facing humanity in the next half century. If this is correct, and innovation is the key, then even the best education systems in the world, many of them clustered around the Pacific, need to radically rethink what they offer every student.
This philosophy of everyone as an entrepreneur and innovator is not what underpins education anywhere in the world right now. If the Pacific region is to provide global leadership, or a large share of it, then education systems there face a major challenge of transformation. This is the case we make here.
This paper is the result of constant dialogue among the authors as we've worked together, first on education reform in Pakistan (in which we are still involved), and second as part of an innovative team at the heart of Pearson, the world's largest education company, where we are seeking to resolve the dilemmas of providing quality education to people of all ages on every continent. In addition, we share a restless curiosity and an insistence on evaluating the world we live in.
We want to draw attention to two specific aspects of our dialogue. The first is that each of us was born and raised on a different continent—a European, an American, and an Asian—and each therefore brings a different perspective. In addition, all of us have worked and travelled in many locations around the world. Of course, we are still no more than three individuals seeking to understand the complexities of the twenty-first century, but we do have at least some capacity to bring a global perspective to bear on the issues.
Second, our dialogue is intergenerational—Michael as a 50-something engaged in vigorous debate with Katelyn and Saad, two 20-somethings. As our debates rage, we have a feeling, perhaps borne out by some of the recent literature on creativity and innovation, that intergenerational dialogue is potentially highly productive in inspiring innovation, and ought to be consciously developed by organizations that want to thrive in the twenty-first century. For this reason, Michael suppresses his periodic tendency to wish that his younger colleagues would show deference, while Katelyn and Saad smile sympathetically at Michael's attempts to come to terms with modern technology.
For the same reasons, we share equally the responsibility for the resulting paper and for any errors that remain.
External Link: CONTINUE READING: Oceans of Innovation
Read More: Communication, Culture, Diplomacy, Economy, Education, Globalization, Innovation, Technology, Youth, Americas, Asia, Oceaniablog comments powered by Disqus


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text:
Yin and Yang Sisters
Book by: Red's_Wolf
Status: Finished
Genre: Gay and Lesbian
Chapter16 (v.1)
Natalie's POV
I remember that day I woke up expecting to find Max there but I never did, she had left me with a broken heart and all alone. Today was my wedding and I was thinking about my lesbian lover ha, I wonder what my fiancée would think about that. I honestly didn't care, he was the closest thing that reminded me of Max, so I accepted his proposal after all when I asked for her she never came. I'm going to tell you what happened that day and summarize the next two years until now.
It felt nice lying in bed after some amazing sex I could have laid there forever. I turned around searching for Max but she was gone. I really wasn't afraid or anything at that moment I thought that maybe she went to get breakfast or spend time with Jennifer.
So I guess you could say that I didn't think that she was gone. I didn't think she would abandon me like that, I just expected her to come back. When I saw the note in the kitchen counter I just thought that she wrote where she was going to so I went to shower and once I had showered and come out I finally read the note.
Dear Natalie,
I know that you will probably hate me, but I… we need space. I never lied about being in love with you, I am in love and always will be. Please don't hate me I wasn't using you. I guess I just wanted our last time to be together memorable. I'm leaving but I will wait for you to show me your commitment. I know that you desire men but I won't deal with that. When you find out whom it is you really and truly want ask Nicolai for a way to contact me. However, if you never want to see me again I will understand. Just know that I will always carry you in my heart. I love you Natalie.
Sincerely with love,
I can't fully remember what happened I think I fainted and passed out. However instead of waking up in the kitchen I woke up in a hospital bed. My parents were there as well as Robert and the police. I guess you could imagine that I was the center of attention for a while before they concluded that I really had no clue where they had gone. I finished the last two years of high school but hell they weren't easy.
Now that I think about it, I think I was the slut of the school for running off with the lesbian and in the end being left. I began to cut at night and just lay on my balcony remembering her touches. I enjoyed feeling the pain of the blade on my skin it took me away from the pain in my heart.
I would go to the library and just sit against all the pillows remembering her cheesy words and phrases. I became too thin losing my luscious body and I really didn't care. There were times when a guy would try to flirt with me and I accepted it, cherishing the fact that someone actually wanted me. I would fuck the guy and in the end leave him with his pants down while I walked away. I guess I just wanted to hurt them like she hurt me.
It wasn't until almost a year and a half had passed that Jeffrey moved into town. He was athletic with short black hair. He had ark brown eyes and best of all he was a guy. He was so alike Maxine and yet so different. When Jeffrey first met me he wasn't judgmental or anything like that he was geeky and kind but appeared to be athletic and stupid like any other jock.
He would come to the library and just sit there talking to me not caring that I gave him the evil eye or that I would listen to music. It wasn't until school almost ended that he talked to me about my cuts.
"You know you shouldn't do that."
"Yea so."
"It scars your beautiful skin."
"Again so."
"You don't talk much do you?"
"No not really."
"I heard that you weren't always like this."
"No I wasn't."
"What changed?"
"My lesbian lover left me."
"I'm sorry, don't you think that's good though?"
"Why the hell would that be good?"
"So that you can be loved by God and marry a good man."
"Ha like who, you?"
"Well yea why not?"
"You're a pussy."
"How so?"
"Look Jeffrey it's nice that you take your time to be here but I love her and she loves me too."
"Why isn't she here then."
"I don't know."
"She doesn't love you."
"You don't know that." I said through my teeth.
"Then why isn't she sitting here by your side?"
"Because… because she can't."
"I have no idea just leave me the fuck alone." I said as I began to run off but he grabbed my arm and turned me around so I could face him. He asked me on a date and I agreed. Why you might ask, well I wanted to fuck him and hurt him. I wanted to make him feel the pain she made me feel.
So that's how it happened, after a while we dated and no matter how many times I hurt him he was always there. It was kind off freaky but he helped me turn back to who I was. I stopped cutting a little bit but at one point I always did it again just to forget about her touches.
When he touched me I felt repulsion but I was going to swallow it. I guess in a way I sort off felt that I needed him to better and if I left I imagined I would die. So that's how it went we dated until graduation where he asked for my hand in front of the entire town. I said yes and I remembered seeing my parents smiling and cheering.
It felt nice to see them so happy so I stayed until now on my wedding. I am eighteen and am about five hours to getting married. I was ready or so I thought until I saw someone standing by my door someone I thought I would never see again. Even tough it wasn't the sister I loved I was happy to see her.
"Hey." Jennifer said as she blushed.
"What are you doing here, is she…" I didn't get a chance to finish because she gave me a hug and shook her head.
"I heard about your wedding from Robert and I came to congratulate you."
"Thank you, does she know?"
"Why didn't she come?"
"She didn't want to run your life again."
"I still love her Jennifer I would leave if she was here I would."
"I know sweetie."
"Why didn't she come back when I asked her too, when I needed her?"
"You never called."
"Woo what's wrong?"
"Don't tell me I didn't call because I did more than once, but every time Nicolai would tell me that she didn't want me anymore but I kept calling."
"That's not true Nicolai told us you never even called and that you were dating a guy, so I called Robert and he said it was true and that you were getting married. Natalie Max has been a mess."
"And you think I haven't?"
"You don't look like it."
"Yea well you can't always see the truth." I said as Jennifer finally saw my scars.
"Why did…"
"Use your imagination Jennifer, why do you think."
"My God Natalie who knows about it?"
"Just Jeffrey."
"I have to tell Max."
"No if she didn't want me when I called Nicolai then I don't want you telling her anything."
"Natalie you don't get it he said that you never called."
"He's lying!"
"He wouldn't do that."
"Oh really then what's this?" I asked as I handed her my phone where she noticed all the calls I had and never erased.
"But…but why would he do this?"
"Do what?"
"Lie to Max."
"What do you mean?"
"He showed Max pictures of you and Jeffrey and always said you didn't call, he lied about you not caring."
"Why would he…"
"Oh my god!"
"What?" I asked getting scared and mad.
"He was trying to separate you two, he wanted to protect her from your cheating but he did wrong."
"What do you mean?"
"He thought he was doing good but he hasn't. Natalie Max has been getting into some bad crowds and she's been getting worse thinking that you chose men over her."
"I have to get to her and tell her the truth."
"Wait Natalie what the hell are you talking about?"
"She has to know that you still love her."
"Because she's about to marry some stranger that she is just choosing to close the feelings and pain."
"Wait you're telling me she's marrying a stranger?"
"No buts Natalie I have to go and stop the wedding as well as confront Nicolai." Jennifer said as she started to walk off but before she could I grabbed her arm and stopped her.
"I'm going too."
"Natalie what about you're…"
"Nothing matters, I know that it wasn't her fault. Max loves me, Nicolai was the one who twisted with my brains and I won't let him do it anymore. I'm going with you Jennifer, it's time to safe my princess and time to kick Nicolai's ass for cheating me from my happiness."
I let go off Jennifer's hand and watched as she looked at me strangely before she gave me a smile and a nod. I was ready to go get my girl and there was nothing anyone could do to stop me, nothing.
© Copyright 2017 Red's_Wolf. All rights reserved.
Add Your Comments:
Wooo go natalie go get your princess!!!!! Kmu.
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text:
Underlying revenues worldwide from the group, whose businesses include Ogilvy & Mather, JWT and Young & Rubicam, were up 6% for the first five months of trading this year, extending similar growth in its first quarter to the end of March.
Overall revenues in all regions showed double-digit growth led by the US, up 22%, continental Europe, up more than 21%, and the UK, up 14%-plus.
The strongest performing regions continue to be Asia, Latin America and the Middle East, where WPP's income rose almost 25% between January and the end of May.
Turnover worldwide was boosted by the acquisition of Grey Global media group, completed in March.
Chief executive Sir Martin Sorrell said the 2008 Olympics in Beijing were already lifting companies' advertising spending in China, which currently accounts for about 4% of WPP revenues.
WPP's trading update coincided with the firm's annual meeting, when owners of three out of eight of WPP's total shares abstained from voting on the re-election of remuneration committee chairman Stanley 'Bud' Morten to the board for another three years.
Morten has been on the board for 14 years, against the maximum nine recommended under best practice, and is a paid consultant to Citigroup, one of WPP's investment banks. Of those who voted, 92% were in favour of his re-election.
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Featuring free WiFi and a terrace, Cheeky Monkeys offers a pet-friendly accommodation in Gili Trawangan, 985 feet from Gili Trawangan Art Market. Free private parking is available on site. Guests can choose between air-conditioned rooms and fan-cooled rooms. Hammocks are also available on the terrace. All rooms come with a private bathroom fitted with a shower. There is luggage storage space at the property. You can engage in various activities on the island, such as horse riding and snorkelling. The homestay also offers bike hire. Turtle Conservation Gili Trawangan is 1,313 feet from Cheeky Monkeys, while Gili Trawangan Harbour is 1,641 feet from the property. The nearest airport is Lombok International Airport, 32.3 miles from Cheeky Monkeys.


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Myomectomy is a surgical procedure to remove fibroids (round-shaped growths), from the uterus. If the procedure is performed using minimally invasive technique or laparoscope, then it termed as Laparoscopic Myomectomy.
Myomectomy is a surgical procedure to remove fibroids (round-shaped growths), from uterus. Fibroids are non-cancerous growths in the uterus.
It is the best surgical procedure for those women who want to conceive, but are unable to because of fibroid symptoms. However, this surgery can increase chances of pregnancy, but cannot guarantee it.
There are 3 techniques to perform the procedure, viz.
Myomectomy is recommended when:
The doctor will recommend the following
The procedure is performed under general or spinal anesthesia depending on the size, number and location of the fibroids. During the procedure
In most cases, the patient can go home on the same day.
Vaginal bleeding and spotting for a few weeks after the surgery can be expected. Typical recovery period is 2 weeks, after which the patient can resume get back to routine activities. However, the doctor will recommed against lifting heavy objects, driving, climing stairs, jumping or any other strenuous activity for 3 to 4 weeks.
Myomectomy is a relatively safe procedure. However, some complications may arise:
The surgery may cost from 1,50,000 to 4,00,000 INR in trusted Indian hospitals.
If you have any additional questions, talk to our in-house doctors. Call 8010-994-994.


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| Hamidah Ismail |
SECA School held a graduation for the Kindergarten 3 & Year 6 Classes of 2014 during their 8th Graduation Ceremony at the Cesar Hall, Orchid Garden Hotel, recently.
The School Advisor, Dr Jeffrey Joel Moncherry, along with some 500 parents and guests witnessed the presentation of certificates.
The ceremony started with the presentation to Preschoolers followed by a procession.
In her speech, the principal spoke about students' achievements in their academic and co-curricular activities and also thanked the parents for their support and teachers for their hard work.
She commended the Year 6 students for achieving a 100% passing rate in the PSR and Nurhanisah Batriysia bte Hj Azalani for achieving 5 A's.
The principal presented awards to 27 outstanding students.
Fourteen students received Co-Curricular Activities Award in religious and sports club categories. The SECA Academia Award given to Iffah Hamizah bte Sahfudin and Nur Ateeqah binti Ismail who excelled in the lower and upper primary category respectively. Afza Masturina bte Haji Abdul Lamit and Saedah Humairah Ar-Rafi bte Radin received Student of the Year Award in the Preschool and Primary level category respectively.
Four preschool graduates gave speeches in four different languages and the primary students gave a dance performance towards the end of the ceremony.


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Excitement for Fifty Shades Darker's release is growing more and more each day, and now fans have some new posters of the sequel to hopefully hold them over until February
Fifty Shades Darker
The Vampire Diaries won't be back in action for another few weeks, but this Episode 8 trailer gives us a glimpse at Ripper Stefan and Damon as Cade's minions. Check it out below
The Vampire Diaries Season 8
Now that Rick and co. have decided to rise up against Negan, they need a bit more manpower. Enter the Kingdom. Check out The Walking Dead Episode 9 sneak peek below
The Walking Dead Season 7
Sansa's had her ups and downs throughout the seasons on Game of Thrones, but now that she's free of Ramsay we can't wait to see what she gets up to next. Check out what Sophie...
Game of Thrones Season 7
Danay Garcia's Fear The Walking Dead character has been a fighter from the get-go. Check out what the actress teased is in store for Luciana and Nick in Season 3
Fear The Walking Dead Season 2
We still have a while to wait until Fear The Walking Dead returns to our screens (first we have to survive Season 7 of The Walking Dead!), but viewers can get excited about seeing...
Fear The Walking Dead Season 2
We still have a long ways to go until Pretty Little Liars returns to our screens for its final ten episodes. To hold you over until April check out this new #PLLEndGame promo
Pretty Little Liars Season 7
Stefan and Caroline tried to spend one last happy day together celebrating Christmas, but we all knew that wasn't going to happen. Find out what went down in The Vampire Diaries...
The Vampire Diaries Season 8
The Vampire Diaries mid-series finale is nearly here and we're worried about what's in store for our favorite vampires. Find out what Caroline actress Candice King teased about...
The Vampire Diaries Season 8
Get excited, because word on the street is that a new Fifty Shades Darker trailer will drop any day now. Read on for more details!
Fifty Shades Darker
Fans are anxiously awaiting the sequel to the widely popular film adaptation of Fifty Shades of Grey. And now to get you in the mood, the Fifty Shades Darker novel has a new movie...
Fifty Shades Darker
In order to get Ego the Living Planet into Guardians of the Galaxy 2, Marvel had to swap characters with 20th Century Fox.
Guardians of the Galaxy 2
In the lead up to his new album, titled Starboy, The Weeknd releases a new, bloody music video for his song False Alarm. Check it out here...
The Weeknd
The Weeknd has been gifting us with captivating music since 2010, and he's back to grace us with a new album Starboy, and his first music video of the same name sees the artist...
The Weeknd
Abel Tesfaye, known worldwide as The Weeknd, just made a very generous donation to Black Lives Matter on the heels of another charitable contribution to the University of Toronto
The Weeknd
We just have a couple more months to wait until the release of Fifty Shades Darker, and to make things official, you can now buy your tickets to see the film on Fandango!
Fifty Shades Darker
Natalia Dyer's Nancy went on quite a ride in the first season of Netflix's Stranger Things, and now the actress shares what she'd like for her character in Season 2
Stranger Things Season 2
Negan managed to break Rick, but the fierce leader that we know and love returned at the end of The Walking Dead Episode 8, and seems to be completely reinvigorated to take down...
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The day we've all been waiting for has finally arrived! At long last, The 100 Season 4 trailer has been released and it is full of glimpses at the goodness to come in February
The 100 Season 4
We have some wonderful, amazing, superb news for all you fans of The 100: the Season 4 trailer drops tomorrow, December 15, so be on the lookout!
The 100 Season 4
Gabi and Sierra have finally made it to the secret tunnel, but it might not be as safe as they thought. Find out what goes down in Fear The Walking Dead: Passage Part 8 below
Fear The Walking Dead Season 2


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Article 1 of the treaty declares that Nato members will "refrain in their international relations from the threat or use of force". Article 5 stipulates that force is allowed if an armed attack is launched against any member; no other contingency for the use of Nato military power is offered. Article 7 acknowledges the "primary responsibility of the Security Council for the maintenance of international peace and security".
It would be helpful if Washington would stop behaving like a "rogue state" and begin observing the unambiguous requirements of international law.
Stockport, Greater ManchesterReuse content


text:
What are the Defining Business Characteristics of Top Shops?
Top Shops tend to outshine other shops in a number of financial areas. Sometimes, they apply alternate business strategies to achieve higher performance levels.
Overall, the data from this year's Top Shops benchmarking survey reveal what one would expect: Shops that are considered best-in-class realize better manufacturing and financial performance than others. However, the data also provide clues about how and why the Top Shops are able to achieve that higher level of performance. What's interesting is that in some cases, their methods and even individual characteristics are different than might be anticipated. This is reflected in an article that compares some key business and financial metrics reported by companies in the Top Shops benchmarking group and other survey participants.


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Asked by bandgeek521 at 8:21 PM on Feb. 21, 2011 in Crazy for CreditsLevel 47 (246,695 Credits)
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|Message view
|« Date » · « Thread »
|« Date » · « Thread »
|"Tsz Wo (Nicholas), SZE (Commented) (JIRA)" <j...@apache.org>
|[jira] [Commented] (HADOOP-6963) Fix FileUtil.getDU. It should not include the size of the directory or follow symbolic links
|Thu, 05 Apr 2012 19:44:24 GMT
[ https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/HADOOP-6963?page=com.atlassian.jira.plugin.system.issuetabpanels:comment-tabpanel&focusedCommentId=13247570#comment-13247570 ] Tsz Wo (Nicholas), SZE commented on HADOOP-6963: ------------------------------------------------ > Could you please commit this updated patch too Nicholas? Sure. Thanks for posting a patch for branch-1. +1 it looks good. > Fix FileUtil.getDU. It should not include the size of the directory or follow symbolic links > -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- > > Key: HADOOP-6963 > URL: https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/HADOOP-6963 > Project: Hadoop Common > Issue Type: Bug > Components: fs > Affects Versions: 0.20.205.0, 0.23.1 > Reporter: Owen O'Malley > Assignee: Ravi Prakash > Priority: Critical > Fix For: 0.23.3, 2.0.0, 3.0.0 > > Attachments: HADOOP-6963.branch-1.0.2.patch, HADOOP-6963.branch-1.0.2.patch, HADOOP-6963.branch-1.patch, HADOOP-6963.branch-23.patch, HADOOP-6963.branch-23.patch, HADOOP-6963.branch-23.patch > > > The getDU method should not include the size of the directory. The Java interface says that the value is undefined and in Linux/Sun it gets the 4096 for the inode. Clearly this isn't useful. > It also recursively calls itself. In case the directory has a symbolic link forming a cycle, getDU keeps spinning in the cycle. In our case, we saw this in the org.apache.hadoop.mapred.JobLocalizer.downloadPrivateCacheObjects call. This prevented other tasks on the same node from committing, causing the TT to become effectively useless (because the JT thinks it already has enough tasks running) -- This message is automatically generated by JIRA. If you think it was sent incorrectly, please contact your JIRA administrators: https://issues.apache.org/jira/secure/ContactAdministrators!default.jspa For more information on JIRA, see: http://www.atlassian.com/software/jira
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1801 Newtown Pike Lexington 40511 USA
Location The hotel enjoys a beautiful setting in the heart of Kentucky's Bluegrass Country at the University of Kentucky Coldstream Research Campus. Guests visiting this hotel are centrally placed for the finest equine attractions, horse farms and many of the area's major corporate names. Neighbourhood attractions close to the hotel include Keeneland Racing and Sales, Kentucky Horse Park, Fasig-Tipton, and many more. Many top companies are located close to the hotel. Within easy reach are Lexma Facilities The air-conditioned hotel comprises a total of 230 rooms. Individual storeys are accessible via the lift or stairs. Amenities include a cloakroom and a safe. Wireless internet access in public areas (for a fee) allows guests to stay connected. Among the culinary options available at the accommodation are a restaurant and a bar. Various shops are available, including a souvenir shop. Additional facilities at the establishment include a newspaper stand. Those arriving in their own vehicles can leave them in the car park of the hotel. Available services and facilities include room service and a laundry service. Rooms Each of the rooms is appointed with air conditioning, central heating, a living room and a bathroom. The carpeted rooms feature a double bed, a king-size bed or a sofabed. There is also a minibar. A fully-equipped kitchenette with a fridge, a mini fridge, a microwave and a tea/coffee station, as well as a complete set of utensils, is provided as standard. An ironing set is also available for travellers' convenience. Little extras, including internet access, a telephone, a TV, a radio, a stereo system and WiFi, contribute to a great stay. Rooms suitable for wheelchair access are bookable. The bathrooms are fitted with a shower and a bathtub. A hairdryer is also available. The accommodation offers non-smoking rooms. Sports/Entertainment The establishment offers attractions including sport and entertainment opportunities. The hotel features a pool and an indoor pool. Sun loungers provide a great place to sunbathe. The accommodation offers guests a variety of leisure facilities, including a gym (for a fee). Meals Bed and breakfast is bookable. Breakfast, lunch and dinner are available. Payment The following credit cards are accepted at the establishment: American Express, VISA and MasterCard.


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If you ever shop at Trader Joe's, you've probably seen their impressive Pound Plus chocolate bars. These bars are made of high quality Belgian chocolate specifically for Trader Joe's – and they are a steal when you compare them to other premium bulk chocolate because the only brand that comes on them is TJ's, so there is no inflation just for the name (it's Callebaut chocolate, ... Read More »
Tag Archives: oatmeal cookies
Thin & Crispy Salted Oatmeal Cookies
There are times when you want a thick, chewy cookie that you can really sink your teeth into. There are also times when you want a thin, crispy cookie that seems to almost melt in your mouth as you bite into it. Both types of cookies are delicious, it just depends on what kind of cookie you're in the mood for. The next time you're ... Read More »
Oatmeal Cookie Ice Cream Sandwiches
I love a good ice cream sandwich, and while you can simply buy a box in the freezer department of the grocery store, you get a lot more options when you make them yourself. I like to bake a batch of cookies and stock my freezer full of homemade ice cream sandwiches instead of buying them. I get better cookies this way (since the cookies ... Read More »
Tropical Oatmeal Cookies
While I do like a classic chocolate chip cookie, I find it very hard to say no to a good oatmeal cookie. Oatmeal adds a great flavor and texture to cookies, making them tender and adding a slight nuttiness that goes well with any mix-in you might want to include. I often make oatmeal chocolate chip cookies, and oatmeal raisin cookies are a family favorite, ... Read More »
Butterfinger Oatmeal Cookies
The last time I ate a Butterfinger candy bar, I was on a road trip. I usually have so many baked goods around the house that I don't always just pick up candy bars at the store – but there are definitely times when I make exceptions to this general rule because there are some candy bars that I really enjoy indulging in once in ... Read More »
Regular vs Quick Cooking Oatmeal for baking
There are three main types of oatmeal to choose from in the cereal aisle of the grocery store: regular oatmeal, quick cooking oatmeal and instant oatmeal. What kind of oatmeal is the best for baking? Sometimes, recipes will specifically call for different types of oatmeal and other times they'll simple say "oatmeal" with no explanation. While it isn't difficult to pick out which kind you ... Read More »
Chocolate Revel Bars
Brownies are the most common chocolate bar cookie out there, and unless you're throwing chocolate chips into some cookie dough that you're going to bake into bar cookies, you're probably going to turn to baking a batch of brownies when you're looking for a chocolate baked good fix in bar form. I say "probably" because a batch of Chocolate Revel Bars should be right up ... Read More »
Apricot Pecan Oatmeal Chocolate Chip Cookies
I've said it before and I'll say it again: you can't go wrong with a chocolate chip cookie. With that in mind, a chocolate chip cookie makes a great jumping off point for other flavors in a cookie and you can transform an old classic into a new one without missing out on anything. With these Apricot Pecan Oatmeal Chocolate Chip Cookies, I was looking ... Read More »


text: Why Classify? What is classification? Organizing things based on their characteristics-placing them in groups Taxonomy – giving objects a name What do we classify? Cavemen . . . Scientists . . . Musicians . . . YOU????? Aristotle Back in the B.C. days Classified things by how they moved If they moved – Animal If they didn't move – Plant If they were an animal, how did they move? Walking Swimming Flying So what's the problem? Things that move alike may NOT be related Things that don't move alike may BE related Some things don't fit in any category Some things can fit in several categories Then what do we do? Agree on what to look at Agree on what to call it Change things if you find out more Classification systems Classification key ( or "dichotomous" key) Binomial nomenclature (two names) Let's do it!!!!


text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Feb 15, 1983
|Filing date
|Apr 24, 1978
|Priority date
|Mar 1, 1974
|Publication number
|Wayne R. Matson
|Original Assignee
|Environmental Sciences Associates, Inc.
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (6), Referenced by (8), Classifications (14), Legal Events (2)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This application is a divisional of co-pending application Ser. No. 666,664, filed Mar. 15, 1976, which in turn is a continuation of application Ser. No. 505,149, filed Sept. 11, 1974 (now abandoned), which in turn is a division of application Ser. No. 447,376, filed Mar. 1, 1974, which was abandoned in favor of application Ser. No. 643,295, filed Dec. 22, 1975 (now abandoned) of Wayne R. Matson.
It has long been possible to test both qualitatively and quantitatively for ionic materials in an aqueous sample by electrolytic means, and to record the electric potential of deposition of the ions on an electrode. In one form of such testing known as stripping voltammetry, the ions are first deposited on an electrode and thereafter the potential is continuously or continually varied to strip the deposited material from the electrode and redissolve it in the sample liquid. This operation is known as stripping voltammetry and since it is ordinarily used by plating cathodically and stripping anodically to detect and measure metallic ions, it is often known as anodic stripping voltammetry. By means of anodic stripping voltammetry, it has been found possible to perform relatively quick simple and accurate tests to measure minute traces of appropriate materials. Recently, in connection with environmental studies, it has become important to collect small quantities of polluting impurities from the atmosphere or from other portions of the environment to test for the presence of dangerous pollutants. A very immediate concern has been the need to test for the presence of informative or dangerous impurities in the human bloodstream, and anodic stripping voltammetry has proven itself capable of performing such tests. The present inventor and his associates have been interested in problems relating to this general field of activity for a number of years. Among other things, they have devised and developed certain useful apparatus for anodic stripping voltammetry as disclosed in application Ser. No. 167,330 and certain improved electrodes disclosed in Ser. No. 168,161 and Ser. No. 327,788. The present invention is a unified system for anodic stripping voltammetry or cathodic stripping voltammetry capable of performing analysis of trace materials on an extremely rapid and an extremely accurate basis. In particular, the system according to the present invention can analyze human blood samples in the field or in the normal environment of such human beings at the rate of many hundreds of samples per day and can obtain critical output data regarding the presence of impurities such as lead, cadmium, zinc or the like in the human bloodstream within about a minute after a blood sample is actually taken from the human being, thus permitting such sampling in the environment of the real world. The quickness of completion of testing is of unusual importance, in light of experience which shows that the 7% of people tested in urban slum areas cannot later be located if they are once allowed to leave the test area.
The present invention is a unified system, preferably automated, for electrochemical testing. In its usual embodiment it is an automated system for anodic stripping voltammetry. According to a preferred form of the invention, a sample holder is removably positioned to receive a special electrode having a very large, smooth active electrode surface. On the turn of a switch, electrical means are actuated to apply a cathodic potential to the electrode, plating out cations on the electrode, after which the electrical means apply the operating anodic voltage to strip out the deposited cations and monitor the potential and current.
The anodic stripping potential desirably is pulsed and the pulsed changed in voltage in a stepwise mode. Each step desirably is raised 0.01 volts. The initial few pules on each step are ignored and the remainder are counted and measured. The readout is either charted or digitalized. The potential at which electrolytic current flows is an identification of the specific cations being stripped, and the quantity of current is a quantitative measure of the cation.
A presently preferred use and application of the invention is measurement of heavy metals such as lead in the human blood stream. A blood sample is taken, and an aqueous solution containing a metallic ion such as Cr3+ or Ca2+ is added to exchange with the lead complexed with the blood. The sample is then placed in operating position on the apparatus and the switch turned on. A lead content of 40 micrograms of lead per 100 ml of blood is a recognized standard of a dangerous level of lead in the human blood stream. In broader usage and application, identification and measurement of different metals in blood is now thought to have medical diagnostic value: for example, the profile of zinc and copper appear to be one diagnostic test for leukemia.
The apparatus according to the present invention can employ various kinds of waveforms to accomplish various different tests and to accommodate numerous electrical or chemical problems. The output may be in chart form, but one of the advantageous results is that there can be direct digital readout obtained essentially automatic and directly calibrated in end units; in practice, for example, the digital readout of lead in blood samples is directly in terms of micrograms of lead per 100 ml of blood. With calibrated digital readout, all the operator need do is record a single number.
The cell and electrode structure employs a hollow electrode with inner and/or outer surfaces active. Coaxial stirring produces reliable, reproducible results with an unusually fast time constant, and the preferred chemical ion exchange procedure joins with structure and method to give results on the spot. As presently in practical use, the system gives test results on biological samples within a minute or two, and it is well adapted to give equally fast results on other types of samples.
The system also has a high degree of flexibility to use conventionally prepared (digested) samples or non-digested samples, to use biological material such as blood or tissue or non biological samples such as paint, gasoline or other "environmental" materials for tests of lead or other metals, to use industrial materials for sampling and testing, and to test for a wide variety of metals including lead, cadmium, copper, zinc, thallium, silver, gold, bismuth and the like.
The nature of the invention is further illustrated in the drawing in which:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of testing apparatus according to one embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a front view, partially in section, of sample support apparatus according to the embodiment of FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is a front view, partially in section of electrode assembly components according to another embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of an electrical system in conjunction with apparatus according to one embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 5 is a front view of a front control panel of apparatus according to a modified embodiment of the invention.
In FIG. 1 is illustrated a cabinet generally designated 10 on which is mounted a support assembly 11 serving as a cell and motor support. Mounted on the support assembly 11 is a motor 12. Mounted beneath the support assembly 11 is an electrode 13 held in an electrode head 14. The electrode 13 is adapted to fit within a sample holder (not shown). The sample holder in practice is a plastic or glass member shape essentially like a test tube and characterized by being made of a material which is free from detectable quantities of any metal for which testing is to be performed. One principal intended use of the apparatus, according to this invention, is testing for trace quantities of lead and accordingly, the sample holder is made of lead-free glass or plastic which has been additionally treated to eliminate detectable trace quantities of lead. Desirably the support assembly 11 is pivotally mounted in the cabinet by means of mounting pins 16 whereby the entire assembly may be rotated in our out of position for easy insertion or removal of a sample holder from the head 14 on which it is held by a snug fit between the head and the sample holder.
On the cabinet is positioned in a convenient location, an off/on switch 17, an off/on motor switch 18, and desirably, a reset switch 19. Also, on the front of the cabinet is a meter 20 for visual read out of voltage or current a recorder off/on switch 21, a sweep offset 22, and a recorder offset button 23. Desirably, there is also on the cabinet face a current range indicator 24.
In FIG. 2 is illustrated further detail of the cell and motor assembly. Mounted on support assembly 11 is motor 12 having a shaft 26 extending therefrom. By means of a coupling 27 the shaft 26 is connected to a propeller shaft 28 which terminates in a propeller blade 29 positioned within and near the bottom of electrode shield 14. Mounted at the bottom of support assembly 11 is an electrode holder 31 which is adapted and positioned to hold the electrode shield 14. Mounted within the electrode shield 14 is a stop 32 receiving and bearing against the electrode shield 14. The electrode 33 is in turn positioned within the stop 32 and is held in its proper position thereby. Mounted within the electrode are dividers 35 forming internal electrode compartments through which extends propeller shaft 28 and which, among other thing, serves as a guide for the propeller shaft. In practice three dividers are employed to form compartments. A bearing 36 at the bottom of the electrode compartment rotatably holds and guides the propeller. Optionally, a fine tube 37 or nitrogen line is positioned extending through the electrode shield and electrode with its nozzle positioned within the electrode compartment to assure a neutral atmosphere.
The electrode 33 is constructed and adapted for anodic stripping voltammetry or other electrode chemical operation. The electrode 33 consists of a hollow cyllindrical electrode 40 desirably having one or more openings 41 in its side. The electrode body 40 according to one form of this invention is a hollow cylinder of graphite impregnated with a film forming material such as paraffin wax or the like and having on its surface a deposit of an electrode surface layer such as, for example, a layer of mercury. The electrode surface layer is present in the form of a multiplicity of dots or islands of mercury, each depositied on a graphite point and surrounded by a portion of impregnated wax surface. The electrode can be produced by impregnating a graphite rod with wax, scraping the wax from the graphite surface to lay bare a multiplicity of graphite points and coating mercury thereon by electrode chemical disposition using the graphite body as an electrode chemical cathode. The preparation of mercury coated graphite electrode described in co-pending application Ser. No. 168,161 referred to herein before.
In at least exposed active areas of the electrode area 33 according to one embodiment of the invention, both the outer surface 42 and the inner surface 43 of the electrode body 40 are coated with the electrode metal as described. When the apparatus of the present invention is employed for testing for trace elements of lead, the electrode metal preferably is mercury. In this manner a mercury electrode surface is positioned vertically within the saample holder and has an extremely high ratio of surface area in relation to sample volume. The area/volume relationship should be at least 3 cm2 electrode area per milliliter sample volume, and preferably 4:1 or greater. At present, an electrode to sample ratio is 20 cm2 per 3.6 milliliter sample. The propeller shaft 28 passes through the center of the electrode 33 and propeller blade 29 is positioned near the base of the electrode and is adapted to cause circulation of the sample liquid both inside and outside the electrode body 40.
Apparatus of the type herein disclosed can be employed by means of manual switching and manual controls in anodic stripping voltammetry. In such manual operation a sample holder containing a liquid for test is placed in position with the electrode assembly immersed therein. The electrode is connected in cathode mode to a suitable power source and ionic components are deposited on the electrode surface. In particular, if the apparatus is employed to test for the presence of lead, then lead is electrolytically deposited on the mercury electrode surface and is alloyed therein. After cathodic deposition on the electrode surface, the electrode is placed in anodic mode and the voltage applied thereto is gradually raised, and the electrolytic current is monitored. Metallic elements are identified by the potential or voltage of which the flow of current indicates that a trace of metal is being anodically stripped from the electrode and the quantity of the trace element is measured by the quantity of anodic current.
In FIG. 3 is illustrated a modified electrode assembly in which the electrode 13 is mounted on a support or holder 31 and adapted to fit within a suitable sample holder (not shown) in much same manner as with the assembly in FIG. 2. A coupling 27 connects the motor 12 (see FIG. 1) with a propeller shaft 28 extending axially through holder 31 and to a point approximately level with the electrode 13. The electrode 13 is hollow, as with the electrode shown in FIG. 2, and within the hollow electrode the propeller shaft 28 is of significantly bigger radius leaving only a relatively small space between shaft 28 and inner surface of electrode 13. At the bottom of this shaft, once again, is a propeller blade 29. A counter electrode 30 extends through the electrode holder 31 and is positioned to be immersed in the sample within the sample holder. A reference electrode 34 also extends through the holder 31 to a position within the sample. Desirably, the counter electrode 30 is a platinum wire which may directly contact the solution or, as presently preferred, is a platinum electrode contained in a porus glass compartment or shell. The reference electrode desirably is a silver or silver cloride wire immersed in a saturated sodium chloride solution. Desirably the propeller shaft 28 may extend through one or several bearings 21. In the preferred form of the structure, the electrode holder 31 is adapted to fit snuggly with in a sample holder so that during operation a sample holder is retained firmly but releasably in a position into which it can be manually fitted.
In one form of the invention, as illustrated in FIG. 3, the electrode 13 has a coating 15 on its outer or exposed surface. This coating is a plastic tubing shrunk around the outside of the active electrode. When the coating is employed, the electrode is generally protected from accidential damage and can, in fact, be handled carefully when the electrode is removed from a sample. There is relatively small clearance between the electrode and the sample holder when in position, and again is there relatively small clearance between the electrode and the lower end of stirrer 28. Moreover, the stirrer 28 is slightly tapered, being slighty larger at its lower end than it is at the upper end, so that the space between this stirrer 28 and the inner electrode surface also is tapered, being narrower at the bottom than at the top. As the stirrer rotates within the electrode, this tapering causes not only localized currents of the test liquid, but also causes a general flow of the liquid downwards in the space between stirrer and electrode.
In high speed sample testing it is important that the sample liquid should circulate well, but it is also desired that the relatively still layer adjacent to the electrode be as thin as practical. This layer, known as the Nernst layer, appears to be about 1-2 micron in the apparatus of FIG. 3.
In FIG. 4 is illustrated, in the form a block diagram, the electrical controls for automation of the equipment according to one embodiment of the invention. A clock generator and timer controlled sequence serves as a control mechanism for all functions. A plate and strip control 51 serves to apply a plating potential to the electrode and under the control of the timer 50 applies such control for a perios of one minute or selectively for some other period of time such as 3 minutes or 5 minutes. A motor 52 energizes the stirring mechanism (propeller shaft 28 and 29) and under the control of timer 50, causes stirring of the sample while the plating potential is applied.
A sweep generator 53 is adapted to supply a stripping voltage to electrode 32 and under the control of timer 50, supplies this voltage 10 seconds after the plate and strip control 51 and motor 52 and turned off by the timer 50. The sweep generator 53 is essentially a staircase generator and steps down in 10 millivolt steps at 100 milliseconds per step. When the apparatus is used for detection and measurement of lead, the plating voltage is -1.0 volts and the sweep generator steps down from -1.0 volts to 0.1 volts in 90 steps in an elapsed time of about nine seconds. The sweep generator operates through an electrode supply 54.
Adapted to read out from the electrode during stripping, and optionally during plating, is an I/E converter which serves to convert current to voltage to supply a signal more suitable for being amplified. The I/E converter 55 feeds to an optional strip chart recorder 56. As will be seen hereinafter, the apparatus under the control of the elements in FIG. 4 produces a direct digital readout but a chart readout may be desired and is illustrated in FIG. 4. This readout, when employed, is a conventional charting device to chart current flow vs. time; the current flow being expressed in terms of voltage output from the I/E converter 55. The time vector, is relation to the output of sweep generator 53, identified and stripping voltage. The chart represents, therefore, the readout from the electrode and is shown in the figure as an analog selector 57.
As S & H I/E zeroing unit 59 (sample and hold) delays for a selected time which, in operation, may be 20 milliseconds, before counting the electrode output. In order to eliminate initial noise upon each change in step as the stripping potential is stepped down, an I/E zero selector 60 is set for a zero point at 100�50 millivots before the integration zone.
A connection to a power supply or voltage source 61 operates through switch 62 energize the various electrical components, energizes the timer 50 and the other power units previously and hereinafter described. For digital readout, which is a presently preferred embodiment of the invention, a dual slope integrator 64 integrates the output signal and converts the analog signal to a digital representation. An S & H integrator 65 operates from the dual slope integrator 64 to identify and isolate the zone of the stripping potential in which the current signal occurs. An S & H delayed analog 66 optionally permits a variation in sample and hold time. This adjustability is not required if the apparatus is employed for a single use and the application, as is now the case where the apparatus is employed for the detection of lead which has a single deplating or stripping potential.
An integration set point and logic circuit 68 is adapted to receive the readout signal and to discard as noise an initial signal less than a pre-determined value. This integration setpoint and logic 68 then, together with an output from the dual slope integrator 64, feeds to an up/down count control logic 69. This up/down count control logic 69, for its first count, counts down six times and next, for twelve counts, counts up followed by a fourteenth count which, once again, counts down six times thus making a count equivalent to a digital output from the output signal. The up/down count control logic 69 in turn feeds to an up/down counter 70 and to a data latch 71 which finally feeds to a digital readout 72. The up/down counter 70 merely counts the signal received from the up/down counter control logic 69 in the number and direction designated by such logic. The data latch 71 brings the process to a halt after the signal in the desired zone has been completed. The digital signal received from the total count from up/down counter 70 and is converted into a digital reading thus corresponding to a digital representation of quantity of metal or other ion detection and measurement. In practice, this readout is set to present digitally a direct reading of micrograms of lead per 100 cc of blood sample. The digital readout 72 can, accordingly, be set to translate a signal to correspond to any desired digital measure.
In FIG. 5 is shown the panel of apparatus which may operate in accordance with the diagram of FIG. 4. The upper part of the panel is normally visible; the lower portion may be covered after the appropriate settings and calibration are made.
A digital display 80 reads out and displays the digital record of a test while a meter 81 may indicate the current flow or voltage during a run. An indicator lamp panel has lights for "ready" 83, "plate" 84 and "strip" 85 indicating the phase of the operation. A push button 86 labelled "cancel analysis" operates to interupt and return the analysis to zero. At the upper right hand corner a push button 87 labelled "start analysis" is adopted to start timer 50, and pushing this button is the only act required of the operator once the sample is in place. A motor light 88 indicates when motor 52 is operating.
Adapted for preliminary set up and calibration is a lower panel. A potentometer 90 is adjustable, being adapted to control the digital readout 72 of FIG. 4, desirably so that the readout is directly in the correct digital units. When blood is tested for lead, this readout is set against a known standard sample so that the readout is the number of micrograms of lead per 100 milliliters of blood. A rotary switch 91 selects a desired scale expansion if needed, and a blank correction potentiometer 92 is adjustable to set a desired zero point.
In the lower left corner of the panel is a run indicator 93, with screw potentometers 94, 95, 96, 97 and 98 for indicated settings for initial potential, sweep rate, recorder set point and recorder integration. Finally, in the lower right is a slope correction setting 99, a rotary switch 100 selecting one of several automatic time controls for timer 50 (or selecting a manual control) and a "function test" switch 101 for selecting a dummy cell or analysis cell for calibration or other purposes.
The panel of FIG. 5 serves the purpose that in part illustrates the instrument and in part illustrates the ease of operation. A skilled operator can first set and calibrate the instrument for a specific test condition, after which an operator who may be unskilled measures a predetermined quantity of sample into a prepackaged sample holder, places the sample holder on the machine, pushes the "start analysis" button 87 and a minute later reads the result in digital display 80.
The apparatus discussed, herein in accordance with the present invention is intended to be employed for detection and measurement of trace quantities of certain heavy metals including zinc, cadmium, lead, copper, bismuth, silver, gold and thallium. Analysis can be made of nanogram quantities of these trace metals in periods of time of a few seconds up to one or occasionally several minutes. In particular, it is possible to detect and measure quantities of certain of these trace elements in the human blood stream. One of the very important social purpose of this invention is the detection and measurement of small quantities of lead in the human blood stream and in particular, in the blood stream of children residing in city slum areas.
For such lead detection and measurement, the desired sample holder is a test tube shaped plastic or glass vessel made of lead-free glass or lead-free plastic or other convenient container. Desirably, the sample holder is preconditioned by electro-chemical treatment to electrolyze out of the glass any trace quantities of lead which may originally have been present. A reagent solution is prepared in advance containing a dissolved chromium or calcium ionic material Cr+3 or Ca+2. A measured sample of blood is taken from a human blood stream. A small quantity of the chromium or calcium reagent is added, and as presently preferred, a mixed calcium-chromium reagent is employed. The precise amounts and concentrations can be adjusted for convenience, provided a standard procedure is adopted and suitable calibration made. It has been found satisfactory to employ CrCl3 prepared with 0.03 to 0.04 molar Cr+3 in 0.001 to 0.02 molar HCl; this chromium ion solution may be employed in the amount of 3.6 cc to exchange the lead in 100 microliters of blood sample. In one embodiment there is used a dilute solution of calcium chloride, chromium trichloride, hydrogen ion, perchlorate ion and a dispersing agent (Surfynol 104 is the agent currently employed, and is believed to be a non-ionic higher alcohol wetting agent). One formula which has been used with biological samples such as blood, foods, is:
______________________________________CaCl2 0.08FCrCl3 0.04FHgCl2 0.000225FH2 NNH2 --(HCl)2 (hydrazine) 0.019FSurfynol 104 0.001 weight percentClO4 - 0.458FH+ 0.0398 (to bring to pH 1.4)______________________________________
Another formula which is now presently preferred is different in some details of composition and is now thought to be more reliable for use with fresh human blood samples, and comprises:
______________________________________Calcium Acetate 0.08FCrCl3 0.04FHgCl2 0.000225FH2 NNH2 --(HCl)2 (hydrazine) 0.019FSurfynol 104 0.001 weight percentH3 PO4 0.01FH+ to bring to pH 1.0______________________________________
The mixture of calcium ion and/or chromium ion cause release of complexed lead in the blood so that the total concentration of lead in blood can be effectively measured when one of the reagents just described is employed in the equipment and method of the invention.
Heavy metals which are complexed or bound in other sample materials can also be released. For example, a mix of 0.01 molar bromide ion; 0.1 molar NaCl; 0.01 molar HNO3 ; and 0.01% Triton X-100 (a polyalcohol) is suitable for releasing lead in gasoline. The same and other releasing components can be used to release the various neavy metals from a wide variety of organic samples. What is used is a metal ion or mixture of metal ions which will displace the test metal and which will not plate out or strip out at the plating or stripping potentials used in detection and measurement of the metal being tested.
After the test material is treated with a release agent, or after other sample preparation as may be necessary such as digestion, or other treatment and dilution or concentration as needed, the sample in the sample holder is placed in position on the apparatus and the apparatus is turned on. The chromic ion in the solution acts to displace lead from any complexes which it may have formed with components off the blood sample, and the chromium does not plate out at the operating potentials used for lead analysis. Within a sixty second operating time, the apparatus will cause any lead to be largely deposited on or in the mercury electrode coating and thereafter anodically stripped from the electrode with both identification and quantitative measurement. An important value of the invention is that the detection and measurement can be carried out in a time of no more than a minute or two after extraction of the blood sample from the blood stream so that the person himself can be advised as to the test results without being required to return on a subsequent occasion or even being required to wait for a significant period of time for such test results.
A presently preferred sample holder is a self-contained unit which is factory preconditioned. It comprises a plastic sample holder cylindrical in shape having a volume of 5 cc. and containing 3.6 millimeters of a liquid sample which contains chromic ion, mercury, hydrogen and hydrochloric acid. It is sterilized, purified to remove lead, or to remove other metallic ion being tested and measured and sealed.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
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|Miles Lab
|Diagnostic compositions
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|Aug 21, 1962
|Miles Lab
|Diagnostic composition for detecting glucose
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|Oct 14, 1975
|Ethyl Corp
|Determination of antiknock compounds in gasoline
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|Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
|Method for preparing test specimens for analysis
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|Jan 24, 1978
|Kaddis Mfg. Co.
|Corrosion resistant metal sealing formulation
|Jun 29, 1976
|Mar 21, 1978
|Gaf Corporation
|Novel etching composition and method for using same
|Citing Patent
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|Jan 31, 1991
|May 4, 1993
|General Electric Company
|Method for testing the soluble contents of nuclear reactor coolant water
|Jun 7, 1993
|Nov 29, 1994
|Andcare, Inc.
|Convenient determination of trace lead in whole blood and other fluids
|Sep 30, 1994
|Nov 21, 1995
|Andcare, Inc.
|Colloidal-gold electrosensor measuring device
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|Jul 8, 1997
|Morton; Stephen G.
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|Aug 24, 1999
|New Mexico State University Technology Transfer Corporation
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|U.S. Classification
|205/789.5, 205/792, 436/81, 436/60, 436/74, 436/63, 436/80, 436/73
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Sep 6, 1983
|Certificate of correction
|Aug 15, 1984
Owner name: ESA, INC.
Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES ASSOCIATES, INC.;REEL/FRAME:004289/0085


text:
PURPOSE: Intravenous haloperidol use in intensive care unit (ICU) is known to be associated with arrhythmias like Torsades de Pointes(TdP) when used for prevention and treatment of delirium.The purpose of our study is to review complications including TdP in patients who received intravenous haloperidol, and its effects on number of re-intubations and length of ICU stay.
METHODS: Randomly selected 66 patients on mechanical ventilation for more than 72 hours were evaluated retrospectively.Patients with cardiac events within past 30 days and tracheostomies were excluded.Non-sustained ventricular tachycardia (NSVT) ≥ 6 seconds and TdP were identified.Serum electrolytes, QT prolongation (QTP) before and after Haloperidol administration, and use of medications known to cause QTP were recorded.
RESULTS: 18/66(27.3%) patients received intravenous haloperidol, median dose and mean age was 10mg (r=2-97) and 58 years(range=21-87).No patients in haloperidol group had arrhythmia as compared to 10 in non-haloperidol group (p=0.03).Mean serum potassium and magnesium pre-intubation were 3.97 mEq/L (range=2.9-4.7) and 1.8 mEq/L (range=1.4-2.9) respectively.Mean QTc pre and post-haloperidol were 456 (range=389-516) and 394 (range=370-494) milliseconds respectively. In non-haloperidol group,10/48(21%) patients had arrhythmias,but no TdP.There was no clinically significant difference in mean age 56.7 years (range=22-87),serum potassium and magnesium from haloperidol group.Mean QTc was 446 (range=401-567) pre-intubation and 437 milliseconds(range=390-491) post-extubation. 25/48(52.3%) patients in non-haloperidol group had QTP medications versus 14/18(77.7%) in haloperidol group (p=0.05).Average length of intubation and ICU stay were similar in both groups.
CONCLUSIONS: In the absence of predisposing factors like hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, prolonged QTc and other medications causing QTP, incidence of malignant arrhythmias with intravenous haloperidol is extremely rare (zero in our study).On the other hand,use of haloperidol did not show any benefit in terms of decreasing rates of re-intubation,length of intubation or ICU length of stay.
CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Haloperidol is an efficacious drug for management of delirium.Our study provides a stage to believe in its safety in ICU as long as the predisposing factors are well controlled, though the benefits in terms of decreasing re-intubations and length of ICU stay were not significant.
DISCLOSURE: The following authors have nothing to disclose: Naveed Hasan, Shea Eckerdt, Naveed Akhtar, Luke Yuhico, Sujith Cherian, Shraddha Goyal, Gayathri Sathiyamoorthy, William Darko, Birendra Sah, Ioana Amzuta
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