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West End News
Clare Shirley owns and runs Sawbill Canoe Outfitters at the end of the Sawbill Trail in Tofte with her husband Dan. Clare was born in Grand Marais and grew up in Tofte. Clare is a third-generation Outfitter, and third-generation West End News writer. Clare follows in the footsteps of her father and grandfather, Bill and Frank Hansen, long time West End News columnists.
Arts, cultural and history features on WTIP are made possible in part by funding from the Minnesota Arts and Cultural Heritage Fund. Check out other programs and features funded in part with support from the Heritage Fund.
West End News: February 21Bill Hansen-
The boreal owl is a very small owl that used to be fairly common around here, but has mostly disappeared in recent years. At the moment though, there is a well-documented irruption of boreal owls occurring in northern Minnesota.
The word "irruption," spelled i-r-r-u-p-t-i-o-n, is often confused with the word eruption, as in the eruption of a volcano. Irruption with an "i" means the influx, in unusually large numbers, of a species into an area where they normally aren't seen. Biologists are guessing that a lack of prey farther north is driving the little owls south this year.
Most people probably haven't noticed this latest irruption because the boreal owls are nocturnal and are silent when they aren't breeding, so they are rarely observed unless you're looking for them. It's only when they make a rare daytime appearance, or when they die in a place near humans, that they get noticed.
Here are Sawbill, I found a dead boreal owl while plowing our canoe yard after the most recent snowfall. It's fun to see such a rare bird close up, but sad that it had to die for me to be able to inspect it. It's always a surprise to pick up an owl. The one I found was about the size of a small grouse, but only weighed about four ounces.
Another phenomenon that may be occurring this year is bobcats appearing at bird feeders. When the snow gets deep but hasn't developed a crust, which is the case right now, the bobcats have a hard time catching prey. When they get hungry enough, they start to show up at bird feeders, especially if there is a suet feeder that can be robbed. I've heard a few reports of bold bobcats around the West End this week, but we haven't seen one here at Sawbill yet.
Recently, I've noticed that there are a large number of job openings in the county. I don't know if this is a good sign, or a bad sign. It could be the result of the improving economy - or it could reflect a migration out of the area by the people who formerly held the jobs - or it could just be a coincidence. West End visitors often ask me about job openings in the area. It seems many people fantasize about moving to our wonderful community, and who can blame them?
The new water pipeline, erosion control projects and high-speed ski lift at Lutsen Mountains will surely mean many construction jobs in the near future. The ski area is also looking into replacing its 50-year-old gondola soon. Superior National golf course is planning a large upgrade too. With the continuing fiber optic project and Highway 61 construction, things should be hopping around Lutsen for the next few years.
If you know somebody who has always wanted to move up here, now might be a good time.
The Bloodmobile is returning to Zoar Church in Tofte Monday, Mar. 4. It's important to maintain a good blood supply, but even more important is the chance to hang out with your neighbors and catch up on what everyone is doing, while drinking juice and eating cookies. New donors are always needed, so if you're interested call Carla Mennsen at 663-0179.
(Photo via Wikimedia Commons. This image is a work of the Forest Service of the United States Department of Agriculture. As a work of the U.S. federal government, the image is in the public domain.)
West End News February 14Bill Hansen-
Logging has increased along the Sawbill Trail over the last couple of years. Almost every month a new logging site or road appears, along with the commuting loggers, heavy equipment and - of course - logging trucks.
The industry has come a long way since the horse logging days. It is now almost entirely done with big harvesting and processing machines. Like many modern industries, this has drastically increased productivity, but reduced the number of workers.
Back when I first came to the West End, there were temporary logging camps where the lumberjacks lived in shacks that were dragged from one site to another. The lumberjacks used chainsaws to fell, limb and cut the trees to length. Rubber-tired skidders pulled the trees out to a landing where they were typically cut to the 100" length required by the pulp mills. The lumberjacks were a colorful group of mostly older men who worked incredibly hard, played hard and often drank hard. Now, lumberjacks are skilled machine operators who live in town and are respected members of the community.
This week a new logging road appeared along the Sawbill Trail, cleared out by two cats in just a day or two. The road is actually a section of the old Sawbill Trail that was abandoned back in the mid-1990s when the Sawbill Trail was reconstructed from the end of the blacktop on the Tofte end, to the Grade Road, six miles south of Sawbill Lake. When that project was in the planning stages, an alert engineer noticed that the Sawbill Trail and the Grade Road were parallel to each other for a little over two miles. The county was planning to rebuild the Sawbill and the Feds were planning to rebuild the Grade, so they combined the two roads along the route of the Grade and abandoned a couple of miles of the old Sawbill Trail.
Not only did the scheme save everyone money, but it eliminated the most twisty and dangerous section of the Trail. That stretch ran over a series of eskers, which are steep ridges of gravel that were deposited by the receding glaciers in the last ice age. When the road was built, back in the '20s, the easiest thing was to put the road on top of the eskers, resulting in a narrow, twisting road with steep drop-offs on both sides. You can still see this phenomenon in the West End along the Honeymoon Trail, among others. On the Sawbill, the curvy section included one notorious bend that was widely known as "Dead Man's Curve." I never heard if anyone actually died there, but many cars and trucks wound up in the woods at the bottom of the steep slope.
Right after the road was abandoned, it was a favorite for grouse hunters, but it only took a few short years before wind fallen trees and new growth made the old road impassable, even for hiking. Sometime this week, I'm going to go in to see how far the logger has cleared the old road, and revisit that stretch of eskers. With a little luck, I may even get to visit my old friend, "Dead Man's Curve."
Back when the Sawbill Trail was rebuilt, the county planned to pave it. It was very controversial at the time. Eventually, a compromise was reached that resulted in a complete rebuild, but left the surface gravel and the road as narrow as possible. Now, 20 years later, it seems that the paving is on its way, probably in 2014.
Paving the Sawbill Trail somehow just feels wrong, but the engineers make very convincing arguments for the safety, maintenance, and environmental benefits of paving. There is less gravel mining needed, no dust to kill roadside vegetation, less sediment washed into trout streams and far better braking distances and vehicle control. In addition to all those benefits, the traffic on the Sawbill Trail is busy enough in July, August and September, that the gravel forms terrible washboard that literally shakes vehicles apart. Paving has become unavoidable, but the county plans to keep the road to its current width with no new construction.
There is good news and bad news considering the current amount of snow back here in the woods. The good news is that right now there is 28" of snow on the ground. The plowed-up snow banks here at Sawbill are over 6 feet high and impressively deep. The trees are also loaded with snow, so it really is a good old-fashioned winter scene at the moment and ideal for snowshoeing and cross-country skiing. The bad news is that if it snows again, I'll have to shovel the roofs of several large buildings here on the property. Shoveling roofs used to be a routine chore, often needing to be done twice a winter and even three times in a snowy year. In the last 10 years, I've only had to shovel twice. Shoveling roofs is the kind of job that is only fun for about 15 minutes. After that it is just hard, boring work. The invention of the iPod has made it slightly more interesting, but does nothing to prevent aching arms and a sore back.
As I've said many times before, though, it's the price we pay to live in paradise.
Airdate: February 14, 2013
West End News: February 7-
Two of the young Norwegian film makers who where around the county last summer have returned for the month of February to finish their interactive, multimedia project about Norwegian Americans on Minnesota's north shore. They are part of a collective of young Oslo area photojournalists who call themselves "Lutefisk Hotel." Their north shore project is called "The Norwegian Riviera."
When they arrived in the county, Kristian Bålsrød and Anton Ligaarden advertised a request for housing, so we let them stay in our crew house here at Sawbill. It was fun to have them around for few days. They are certainly skilled photojournalists, which you can see for yourself by looking at their website at Lutefiskhotel.com. Also, Anton received word while here at Sawbill that his work has been nominated for "picture of the year" by the Norwegian Nation Photojournalism Association. That is a high honor to earn at the tender age of 22. Congratulations Anton.
Like all young Norwegians, they speak English very well, with only the occasional humorous translation error. While having coffee at our kitchen table, Kristian exclaimed, "Oh look, there is a woodchuck on your bird feeder!" Seeing the look on our faces, he quickly said, "no - a woodchuck is a small mammal. I mean woodpecker." He followed that by asking what the large red bird on feeder was called. When we replied that is was a pine grosbeak, Kristian responded, "What? Pine roast beef?" It was good for a laugh, but I must admit that I can't even pronounce the four Norwegian words that I know correctly, so my hat is off to Norwegian language education.
Ann Rider, who lives in Lutsen, is a well-respected and successful editor of children's books. She works for Houghton Mifflin Books for Children, an imprint of Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. She is one of a number of Cook County residents who have successful businesses that operate in the larger world, but fly under the radar here in the county.
In the world of children's books, the highest honor you can receive is a gold or silver medal from the American Library Association. The Caldecott Medal is awarded for the best illustrations and the Newberry Medal is awarded for the best writing. A book that Ann edited, "Sleep Like A Tiger," illustrated by Pamela Zagarenski and written by Mary Logue, just received this year's silver Caldecott Medal. This is a big deal, but almost routine for Ann. Her books have previously won two gold Caldecotts, two silver Caldecotts and a silver Newberry. The awards go to the illustrators and authors, not the editor, but Ann is invited to the ceremony and is the recipient of high praise from the winners.
The DNR moose collaring operation has moved out of Cook County. They are working now in the western end of the Superior National Forest, but are very close to completing their task of collaring 100 moose. They have some dramatic pictures of shooting moose with tranquilizer darts, installing the collars and taking various biological samples. You can easily find their pictures and daily updates by going to the Minnesota DNR website and entering the key word "moose."
While I'm supportive of the research and the results will be fascinating, there is a small part of me that feels sorry for the moose. It can't be much fun to be chased by a helicopter, shot with a tranquilizer, subjected to numerous humiliating probes and pokes and then be left with a ear tag and a collar to wear until you die.
It also seems obvious to me that the moose decline in northern Minnesota is just one of hundreds of signs that the climate is changing and the ranges of all species are moving north. I wonder sometimes if it isn't easier to study the problem than to get to work solving the problem.
Speaking of climate change, Minnesota Power announced last week that they are shutting down one of the three coal-fired turbines at their Taconite Harbor power plant in Schroeder. Unit three at Tac Harbor is actually the newer of the three units. The power plant was actually designed to have six turbines, to be built in stages as needed. Unit 3 was added to the plant a few years after the original two units were built. Being a few years newer, it was the most efficient and least polluting unit at the plant until a few years ago when extensive pollution control equipment was installed on Unit 1 and 2. Minnesota Power figures that it wouldn't pay to put pollution control equipment on Unit 3 in the face of impending federal limits on CO2 production. CO2, especially from coal-fired power plants is a major cause of climate change.
Minnesota Power didn't say when Unit 3 would be closed. I notice when I drive by that it is still going strong. The good news is that they don't expect anyone to lose their job due to the closing. The bad news is that the handwriting seems to be on the wall for the eventual closing of the whole plant. That will be a serious economic hardship for Cook and Lake Counties, if and when it happens. On the other hand, climate change is now obvious for all to see and I would sure hate to lose the moose in our woods.
West End News: February 1Bill Hansen-
Last week I visited with Art Wright at his home in Duluth. Art was born in Duluth in 1913, but lived in Grand Marais for a time when he was a young boy. He'll be turning 100 in a couple of weeks. Art's father was the purser on the steamship America. His mother was the teacher at the Maple Hill School just north of Grand Marais. She received her teaching certification when she was 16 years old. Art's parents met on the America when his mother was traveling to her new job.
During the visit, my mom, Mary Alice Hansen, and my son, Carl Hansen, filmed an interview with Art about his boyhood memories in Grand Marais and his time growing up aboard the America. They did the filming on behalf of the Cook County Historical Society.
I knew that Art was an avid wilderness canoeist for his whole life, so I asked him when he took his first canoe trip in the BWCA Wilderness. He said his first trip was in 1928 when he and some friends went to Kekekabic Lake. His first trip starting at Sawbill Lake was in 1930 or '31.
Art recalled around that time that he and a friend were returning to Sawbill from a long canoe trip and encountered a large floatplane at the Sawbill boat landing. As the young men approached the landing in their canoe, the pilot taxied away from the landing, right past their canoe. Floatplanes make a huge wake when they taxi at slow speed and it caught Art and his friend off guard and they were dumped, with all their gear, just a few yards short of their take-out point. Art commented mildly that they were "not too happy with the pilot."
If you've driven through Tofte lately, you can't help but notice the beautiful new building that has gone up at Sawtooth Outfitters. The owners, Jeff and Sarah Lynch, had the building designed by an architect to mimic the look of the Sawtooth Mountains. The beautiful custom windows pick up the motif of the trees on the hills.
The old Sawtooth Outfitters building was quite small, especially considering that the owners also live in the building. The new building still includes the Lynches' home, but they will have more room for themselves as well as expanded space for their retail store, along with their existing ski, bike and canoe and kayak rental business. For the first time, they will have a public bathroom for their customers.
The Lynches made a point of hiring local contractors for the big job. The primary builders are Tyler Norman and Jared Boen. As all buildings should be now days, the 3,200-square-foot building is highly energy efficient and utilizes off-peak electric heat, a wood stove backup and passive solar heat from the south-facing windows.
They are fully open for business now and will have a grand opening celebration in the spring.
The moose capture and radio-collaring project was active along the Sawbill Trail last week. The researchers, their mobile laboratory and helicopter were set up at the Moose Fence ski trail parking lot for a couple of days. DNR wildlife manager, Dave Ingebrigtsen, reported 31 moose had been captured and collared so far, including five cows and four bulls along the Sawbill Trail.
Their goal is to collar 100 moose. When a collared moose dies, the researchers will attempt to get to it as soon as possible to conduct an autopsy and ultimately try to answer the question of why the moose population is declining.
The team had cleared a helicopter landing spot here at Sawbill, but finally decided not to collar moose that might wander into the wilderness before they die, which would complicate the access for autopsy. I understand the thinking, but we were disappointed to miss out on the excitement. We are easily entertained at this time of year here in the backwoods.
Jerry Gervais, the famous Snowmobile Doctor from Tofte, had a man walk into his yard the other day. The man had quite a story to tell. He was staying at Temperance Landing in Schroeder with his wife, son, daughter-in-law and 1-year-old grandchild. The family decided to have dinner at the Trestle Inn, with the younger couple snowmobiling there and the older couple taking the baby and driving. They looked at a map and decided to drive to the Trestle by going up the Sawbill Trail and then cutting across the 600 Road, not knowing that in the winter the 600 Road is actually a snowmobile trail.
They managed to get their Honda Civic onto the 600 Road and drove for quite a ways before they realized their mistake. By that time, they were afraid they would get stuck if they tried to stop or turn around, so they decided to keep going.
After driving five miles on the 600 Road, they came to the intersection with the Tofte snowmobile access trail. Seeing the sign that said, "This way to Tofte," they decided to head down the actual snowmobile trail to Tofte. They made it another five miles before they reached the snowmobile bridge across the Temperance River and became hopelessly stuck.
The grandfather left his wife and grandchild in the car and continued walking down the trail. He followed the signs for almost another five miles to the Snowmobile Doctor, figuring correctly that he would be a good person to help them. Jerry quickly rounded up some help, two snowmobiles and a sleigh and rescued the grandmother and grandchild. The next morning, Paul James, from Tofte, pulled the car out using the Tucker Sno-cat that he uses to groom the local snowmobile trails.
It's actually fairly common for people to attempt driving their cars on groomed snowmobile trails and getting stuck, but they usually don't get very far. The Sno-doc says that he's no fan of Honda Civics, but he had to give some credit to the little car that became a fairly functional snowmobile for at least 10 miles.
West End News: January 24Bill Hansen-
The most common question that we hear from our customers here at Sawbill Outfitters is, "What do you do in the winter?" They seem to feel that when the canoeing season ends, there must not be very much to do.
I thought about this as I struggled to cope with the brisk West End weather that we had this week. The first chore was to plow and shovel the eight inches of snow that fell over the weekend. As I stepped out of the plow truck a wind gust almost knocked me over. The blowing snow created a total whiteout and branches were flying sideways through the air.
By morning, the temperature stood at 22 below zero. We make our own electricity here at Sawbill and the first thing I noticed was that our diesel generator hadn't started during the night when our battery bank triggered the automatic start circuit. The batteries were still providing power, but just barely.
The last thing I wanted to do before breakfast was to trudge through the squeaking snow to the diesel shed to diagnose the generator failure. It turned out that the propane tank heater on the big diesel engine had been blown out by the strong wind gusts the night before. With the heater re-lit, it only took about half an hour before I was able to get the rig running.
The next thing I noticed was that our backup propane furnace was off line. The wood-fired boiler was keeping us plenty warm, but I'm always nervous when there is no backup for a critical system. I had to work my way through five levels of the troubleshooting guide before I discovered that the fresh air intake on the furnace had been packed with snow by the same pesky wind gusts the night before.
Relieved to have everything working again, I headed back to the house for breakfast, only to discover that our radiotelephone system was not working. At first I suspected a power outage in Lutsen, where our base station is located. But after some checking, I found that the electric light bulb, that provides just enough heat to the little radio shed to keep the radios working, had burned out.
After replacing the bulb, I was happy to head back toward the house to warm up my cold fingers and finally eat breakfast. But before I got there, I noticed that the diesel had shut itself off. So I passed right by the warm house where breakfast was waiting, and headed back to the diesel shed. The diesel fuel, which is supposed to be fine down to 40 below, had gone from a liquid to a solid in the fuel lines. By that time, the sun was high enough in the sky for the solar panels to start charging the batteries, so all I had to do was wait for the air to warm up to a balmy 16 below and the fuel thawed itself out.
Breakfast was really more of a brunch by the time I got around to it, then the normal daily chores began. It's just the price we have to pay to live here in paradise.
I'd like to express my condolences to the family and many friends of my friend, Jim Johnson, who passed away this week. Jim made many contributions to the community, but over the last eight years he served very honorably as a Cook County Commissioner. Jim always led by example. His calm and friendly demeanor belied the passion he felt for public service. He did more for us than we will ever know and did it with dignity, patience, respect and a good sense of humor. He will be sorely missed.
Eight teams eventually signed up for the Birch Grove January boot hockey tournament. I look forward to reporting the action and the results next week.
Remember that Birch Grove is looking for members to join their "Keep It Moving" team for the month of February. All you have to do is go to the Sawtooth Mountain Clinic website, sign up for the Birch Grove team and log your walking, skiing, running or biking miles, or minutes of other exercise. You are also cordially invited to Birch Grove on Wednesdays at 10:30 a.m. for gentle exercise or walking.
If you are of pre-school age, save the date for the "Winter Wonderland" event at Birch Grove on Feb. 4. This is the annual fun day for pre-school children, their families and caregivers. More details will become available as the date draws nearer.
West End News January 17Bill Hansen-
It looks like a part of the new moose research project that is being coordinated by the Department of Natural Resources might come to Sawbill. DNR wildlife biologist Dave Ingebrigtson, from Grand Marais, stopped by recently to let us know that public parking lot here at Sawbill might be used as a helicopter landing pad starting this week. It may include a fuel tanker, support crew and a heated trailer used by state veterinarians as a portable laboratory. He even mentioned the possibility of a moose being brought into the parking lot in a sling under the chopper.
Dave said the activity, or lack of activity, here at Sawbill will depend on where moose are found and many other details related to the research. I sure hope they end up here because it would be fun to watch the research at close range – and it's always entertaining to have a helicopter in the neighborhood.
About 15 years ago, the DNR was doing a project near here that involved using a helicopter to spread tree seeds. The pilot, who was a private contractor, landed here at Sawbill a couple of hours before his fuel truck arrived, so we invited him to kill time by joining us for lunch. At the end of the meal, he pushed his chair back, looked at our two younger children and asked if they would like a ride. He insisted that we all go, two at a time. He had spent years giving rides at county fairs, so he really knew how to show the yokels a good time. It is one of our family's favorite memories, all the more so for being so unexpected.
I don't reckon we'll be so lucky this time around, but it sure would be fun to be in a helicopter that was flying close enough to a moose to shoot it with a tranquilizer gun.
The new skating rink and warming house at Birch Grove is now fully open for business. With this extended cold snap that has settled in, the skating should be ideal. The lights are on until 10 every night and the warming house is open most of the time.
The popular boot hockey tournament held at the Birch Grove skating rink already has four teams signed up for the contest scheduled for Friday, Janu. 25. If you want to get in on the January tournament, you should email firstname.lastname@example.com right away and you can probably still squeeze in. A second tournament is scheduled for Saturday, Feb. 9 and it's not too early to register for that. A team consists of five or six players who are at least 12 years old. Each game is 25 minutes long and the tournament runs until a champion is crowned. Regardless of their win/loss record, each team will receive a complimentary Sven and Ole's pizza, thanks to Sven and Ole's and Grand Marais State Bank.
Birch Grove is also recruiting West End residents to its Keep It Moving team. This is part of the Sawtooth Mountain Clinic's program that has businesses and organizations in Cook County tracking how many miles they have walked, run or biked to be plotted as distance around Lake Superior. The idea is to see how many virtual circle tours your team can make around the big lake and compare that with your friends and neighbors' efforts. You can join the Birch Grove team, log your miles and keep track of the progress on the Sawtooth Mountain Clinic website.
Even though it is rare to see a moose these days, lynx sightings continue to be fairly routine here in the West End. I saw two lynx on my way to Ely last week, and another West End resident shared a lynx photo that their trail cam captured. It's sure good to have the big cats around again and it looks like there are plenty of snowshoe hare for them to eat at the moment.
I drove over to Ely because I was invited to a meeting with Sen. Al Franken on the issue of the state owned school trust lands in the BWCA Wilderness. The issue of school trust lands goes all the way back to when Minnesota was declared a state. Over the years, this has been a political football that has been kicked all over the field and even occasionally out of bounds. The meeting I attended was made up of business owners whose businesses are directly tied, in one way or another, to the BWCA Wilderness.
The issues surrounding these state land holdings are unbelievably complex, detailed and arcane. I couldn't begin to go into them here without causing a quick and sharp drop in listenership. But, I will say that I was very impressed with how thoroughly Sen. Franken is striving to understand the issue. He is meeting with federal, state, county, township and school officials, mining concerns, business people, environmental interests, hunting and fishing interests and anyone else he can find who cares about public lands and/or public education. He likely now knows more about the issue than any other living person and will be using that knowledge to guide the drafting of any future legislation. It was a pleasure to see a politician doing his homework so thoroughly and thoughtfully.
While on the subject of politics, I hope my fellow gun owners will join me in supporting some long overdue common sense regulations. The scorched earth politics of certain gun advocacy groups have long annoyed me. It's time to set aside wild fantasies of government conspiracies and do what we need to do to protect our children from guns that are manufactured for only one purpose – to kill lots of people very quickly. The time has come.
Airdate: January 17, 2013
West End News: January 10Bill Hansen-
Back in the woods, winter is holding its own a little better than in the rest of the region. Here at Sawbill, as of Jan. 9, we've had a season total of just less than 30 inches of snow. Between normal settling and a couple of heat waves, there are 10 inches left standing on the ground. It's kind of sad, and a sign of the times, that we now welcome every inch of snow as a big event. Not too many years ago, a four-inch snowfall was barely worthy of comment.
Joe Fredrickson, from Silver Bay, who was injured in an accidental explosion at the power plant in Schroeder way back at the end of October, came home from the hospital on Christmas Eve after more than two months at the Miller-Dwan Burn Unit in Duluth. His recovery has been painful, slow and difficult, but when he rolled into Silver Bay, the town's people lined the streets to cheer and welcome him home. Although it is a little hard to read, you can follow Joe's progress at his Caring Bridge site by searching it for Joseph Fredrickson. His steady progress and hard work will eventually bring him to full recovery, but it is a hard road that he has to walk.
I just received word that my friend, Tom Parent, originally from Schroeder and recently from Silver Bay has passed away at age 57. The Parents are pioneers in Schroeder and trace their regional roots back for countless generations. I'm sure I join the whole community in offering my condolences to Tom's family and friends.
I'd like to add my congratulations to Art and Lavonne Anderson who were recently named Schroeder Citizens of the Year. Their kindness toward their neighbors was mentioned in the recognition. I can only say that they probably should have been named Citizens of the Decade, but otherwise the honor couldn't be better placed.
The BWCA Wilderness overnight permit reservation system is slightly different this year. All reservations for the entry points in Cook County can be reserved on a first come, first served basis starting at 9 a.m. Jan. 30. Each entry point has a daily quota on the number of parties that can begin their trips that day. The reservation system used to be a little more complicated, but now that almost all permits are reserved online, it has been streamlined and is really very easy and convenient. The website is recreation.gov, which is the main portal for all federal facilities. Once there, it is easy to find the BWCA Wilderness and follow the simple steps to reserve the permit for your canoe trip. You only need to know for sure which entry point you will use and the date you will actually enter the wilderness. Where you travel in the wilderness, how long you stay, how many people in your party and where you exit the wilderness can all be flexible right up until you actually start the trip. If you don't like booking things online, there is still a toll-free number available. You can get it by contacting any U. S. Forest Service office.
The forest service office in Grand Marais has recently installed an interesting lobby display on the geology of Cook County. Well-known geologist John Green created the display, which tells the rich and fascinating story of Cook County's 2.7-billion-year geological history. John's credentials as an expert on our geology include a full career teaching at UMD, an undergraduate degree from Dartmouth and a Ph.D. from Harvard. I can't wait to see the display. I've always wanted to know more about our geology, but could never make it through the geology textbooks. Honestly, reading a geology textbook puts me to sleep faster than being hit over the head. A lively display with actual rocks to pick up should save me from the embarrassment of keeling over and snoring right in the forest service lobby.
West End News: January 3Bill Hansen-
It is always hard to find news for the West End immediately after one of the annual peaks in the tourism industry. It really is kind of a "no news is good news" situation. When things are going well, as they did last week during that magic time between Christmas and New Year's day, it seems like all West End residents are either working or enjoying the company of their own visiting friends and family.
This year, the weather cooperated with the holiday season to give everyone a wonderful winter experience. Based on what I saw around the area, it was busy, busy, busy. I think it's likely that it was busier than last year, which continues a multi-year trend rising out of the recession that began back in 2008. The county-wide lodging tax figures through November confirms the trend of a slow but steady increase in business. Comparing apples to apples, May through November lodging revenues rose 6.5% compared to last year.
Speaking of tourism, the Los Angles Times recently published a story about the declining moose population in Minnesota. The article was generally pretty favorable to our area, even though the focus was on kind of a sad subject. The reporter, Andrew Khouri, contacted Sally Nankivell, who directs the Cook County Visitors Bureau, for background information as he was writing the article. Sally found herself in the awkward position of trying to describe the annual moose rut to a thoroughly urban reporter. Sally tried to use gentle euphemisms, but when it became clear that the reporter was just getting more confused, she had to give it to him straight. The conversation caused a few uncomfortable silences, but eventually professionalism on both sides carried the day. In the article, Kourhi refers delicately to the "moose mating season" and leaves it at that.
If you are fascinated by the habits of moose and all the other flora and fauna of the West End, the North Shore Stewardship Association is offering a Northwoods/Great Lakes Master Naturalist course at Sugarloaf Cove in Schroeder. The course consists of six Saturday sessions, starting in February and ending in May. You will study the fascinating geology, plant and animal communities, inland lakes and bogs, ecology and human interactions of the Northwoods and Lake Superior. Field trips are a key part of the curriculum. At the conclusion, you will be a certified Minnesota Master Naturalist by the University of Minnesota Extension service. You can register at the Minnesota Master Naturalist webpage.
Here at Sawbill, we host an annual reunion of our summer staff, both current and former, over the New Years holiday. This year we had about fifteen young people here, playing broomball, skiing, snowshoeing, eating and generally celebrating the time between canoeing seasons. We are lucky to attract very accomplished and interesting employees who quickly become honorary family members during their summers at Sawbill. A number of them are living in the region now, scattered between Duluth and Grand Marais. Over the years, at least a dozen of our summer employees have settled permanently in Cook County. I'm pleased that they are all productive citizens of our beautiful community. Who knows how many of next year's crop will end up here as well?
West End News: December 27Bill Hansen-
Sometimes the steady diet of bad news that streams in via radio, TV and Internet can be really discouraging. The news cycle has been especially grim recently, causing me to worry about the state of the world.
Then, I attended an event at North House Folk School that restored my faith in the human race and gave me good hope for the future. The event was watching 11-year-old Will Surbaugh attempt to do 500 pushups in an hour. He did it, and then some, but you need to hear the whole story to understand why it was such an inspiring event.
Will is the son of Kate and Steve Surbaugh, who live outside of Grand Marais and own Cascade Vacation Rentals in Tofte. Last spring, Will informed his parents that he would like to ski on the downhill ski team at Lutsen Mountains this winter. Good parents that they are, Kate and Steve told Will that he could be on the team, but he had to earn enough money over the summer to defray at least half of the cost, including the expensive equipment that's required for competitive downhill skiing.
Will started a firewood business, worked hard and earned an impressive amount of money over the summer. His parents then explained to him that philanthropy is a core value of the Surbaugh family, and Will was expected to donate 10% of his earnings to a charity of his own choosing.
Will decided to support a non-profit called "The Mission Continues." They award six-month community service fellowships to post-9/11 veterans who then use their skills and discipline to serve a community project that addresses educational, environmental or social issues. This takes advantage of the veterans' training to build community, while giving them a good path to reconnecting with civilian life. At the conclusion of the fellowship, each veteran is expected to do one of three things: be employed full time, pursue higher education, or commit themselves to a permanent role of community service.
Will cheerfully sent off his donation and was surprised to be contacted by the organization and invited to their annual meeting and celebration in Washington, D.C. The Mission Continues leaders were moved by receiving a generous donation from such a young philanthropist and wanted Will to be a part of celebrating the success of the program. Will and Steve traveled to D.C. and Will was asked to introduce the organization's executive director - on stage - in front of 600 people.
Inspired by his experience in D.C., Will committed to organizing a Mission Continues fundraising event in Cook County, with an ambitious goal of raising $10,000. Will and his dad were discussing what kind of event he could organize, and Steve suggested that Will think about some kind of physical activity that would raise money through pledges. Will thought for a minute and then said he reckoned he could do 500 pushups in an hour. Will had never done that many pushups, but he calculated that it was feasible and his plans fell into place.
That's how I found myself at North House recently watching Will Surbaugh doing pushups. Will did 10 pushups every minute, which only takes him about 10 seconds. He would rest for the rest of the minute, then click off 10 more. Fitness expert Greg Nichols was the official timer and counter.
More than a just a fundraising event, it turned into a community effort, with a silent auction, bake sale, live music, wood fired pizza and lots of excitement. As Will burned through his pushups, a number of people, of all ages, joined him in doing a few, or a few hundred, pushups. Although he did slow down a bit by the end, Will easily did the 500 pushups. In fact, he completed 638 pushups in the allotted hour. But more importantly, he easily exceeded his fundraising goal of $10,000. You can see him do it on YouTube.
Will is a modest kid and takes his accomplishment very much in stride. But I couldn't help but be inspired by his commitment. He was modeling leadership, physical fitness, health, community service, philanthropy, family and fun for everyone. These are all values that contribute to what is good in life all the time, but it's particularly nice to think about them at this time of year and at this point in history. Will and his friends give me great hope for the future.
Airdate: December 27, 2012
West End News December 20Bill Hansen-
Lutsen native Molly Rider is planning to paddle the entire Mississippi River this summer, starting at Lake Itasca and ending in New Orleans. The life-changing trip is made possible through a grant from the outdoor club at Bowdoin College in Maine where Molly is a student. Three other young canoeists will be joining Molly on the trip. They are Molly's classmate Elina Berglund, along with Leif Gilsvik and Eric "Hurikane" Svenson, both from Two Harbors.
The group plans to depart Lake Itasca at the end of May and arrive in New Orleans during the second week of August, allowing 70 days for the epic canoe trip. Molly expects the trip to cost about $650 per person, mostly for food. All four of these adventurous young people have a ton of canoeing experience.
They've been helped in their planning by Tofte resident, Eric Frost, who paddled the length of the Mississippi with Lutsen resident Dave Freeman a few years back. They've also been in touch with former Lutsen resident Andy Keith, who paddled the Mississippi many years ago and published a book about his adventure. Andy lives in Mexico now, but he has been advising Molly and company over the Internet, via Skype.
In order to receive the blessing and support of the outdoor club, Molly and Elina had to present a detailed proposal, which included their detailed qualifications, gear lists, a safety plan, and a food list that accounts for every tortilla and granola bar. They'll be conducting a seminar on long distance canoe tripping when they get back to school next fall, and both young women plan to take leadership roles in the Bowdoin College outdoor club once they get back to school.
Molly's parents, Tom and Ann Rider, and her grandmother, Jean Skinner, are West Enders. Although he was born and raised in Two Harbors, Leif Gilsvik's mother is Patty Tome, who grew up in Grand Marais, and Dave Gilsvik, a well-known artist who frequently works and teaches in Grand Marais.
As dramatic and epic as a canoe trip down the length of the Mississippi is, it seems like a short jaunt compared to the 12,000-mile canoe, kayak and dogsled journey that Lutsen residents Dave and Amy Freeman are currently undertaking. After surviving Hurricane Sandy while they were in New Jersey, Dave and Amy have taken a few weeks off to conduct dozens of school presentations that are a key part of their mission to get children excited about wilderness and outdoor travel.
Dave and Amy will soon be back in their kayaks heading for Key West, Florida, where their trip will end sometime in April. Before they are done, they will have conducted school programs for tens of thousands of kids and interacted with hundreds of thousands over the Internet. We should see them back in Cook County in June when the school year ends.
Knowing Dave and Amy though, I don't think they will let the grass grow under their feet for long. I'm sure they will host an event at North House this summer to show slides and tell stories about their truly epic adventure.
The late season wolf hunting and trapping season ended this week. I have to say that I was a bit surprised by how low-key the season was, at least back here on the Sawbill Trail. There were quite a few traps set along the Sawbill Trail, but to my knowledge there were no dogs injured or any other unfortunate incidents connected to the season. Local Conservation Officer, Tom Wahlstrom, told me that he had a lot of calls from concerned citizens before the season, but had no complaints during the season.
I still feel like the wolves contribute more to the West End economy when they are alive than they do as a rug in someone's den, but I guess I'm fighting a losing battle there.
Tom Spence, from Tofte, snapped a couple of good pictures of two moose on the Sawbill Trail this week. It looks like a cow and a pretty grown up calf. It's getting to the point where seeing a moose is pretty rare, so Tom drew a lot of positive comment when he posted the pictures on Facebook.
The Sugarbush Trail Association in Tofte has groomed the unplowed portion of the Onion River Road for both classic and skating style cross-country skiing. Skiers are reporting excellent conditions and grooming. Our 6K classic style trail that starts right at the bitter end of the Sawbill Trail is also groomed and in excellent condition. There is plenty of ice for lake travel by ski or snowshoe, both in and out of the wilderness. The rest of the West End trails, including both ski and snowmobile trails, are not quite ready for use yet. Hopefully, nature will provide enough snow to get all the trails open for the big influx of visitors after Christmas.
Downhill skiing at Lutsen Mountains is in full swing and conditions are excellent. Lutsen Mountains, Lutsen Resort and Grand Marais got a very complimentary write-up in an online magazine published for the Tampa Bay, Florida market. It would be a fine irony if Tampa Bay residents traveled up here for winter fun, while half our population heads down there for sun and sand.
Here's wishing for a peaceful, safe and happy holiday season for all.
Airdate: December 20, 2012


text:
All Black centre Conrad Smith and his wife Lee-Anne Snowdon have a brand new addition to their family.
The All Black's camp confirmed this evening his wife had the couple's first child, a baby boy, earlier today.
Smith had made himself unavailable for yesterday's Bledisloe Cup test against Australia in Sydney when his wife showed signs of labour on Friday morning.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
The following is a current check list, in short form, for
quick reference by lab engineers to use in writing secure
Unix code.
This material is excerpted from [or adapted from]
Chapter 23 (page 701) of Practical UNIX and Internet Security by
Simson Garfinkel and Gene Spafford, O'Reilly & Associates,
Sebastopol, CA, 1996, To order, call 1-800-998-9938. You can also
get more information about the book from the WWW URL:
Also, included are inputs from the paper "Enhancing Security of
Unix Systems" by Danny Smith of the Australian Computer
Emergency Response Team. Thanks to both Gene and Danny for
editing this list.
This material is copyright 1996 by O'Reilly & Associates and
by AUSCERT, The University of Queensland, and copies may only
be made provided that:
1) All copies include the copyright notice and full credit information
2) No charge may be made for copies
3) The material is not to be included as part of any other document,
collection or work without express permission of the copyright holders.
A Lab engineers check list for writing secure Unix code
Rev.3C 5/23/96
Writing Secure SUID and Network Programs
The answer is sublime: although the Unix security model is
basically sound, programmers are careless. Most security
flaws in Unix arise from bugs and design errors in programs
that run as root or with other privileges, or through
unanticipated interactions of such programs.
Tips on Avoiding Security-Related Bugs
When you write a program that will run as superuser or in
some other critical context, it is important that you try
to make the program as bug-free as possible.
Here are some general rules to code by:
1. Carefully design the program before you start.
2. Check all of your arguments.
When checking arguments in your program, here are
specific places to which you should pay attention:
* Arguments passed to your program on the command line.
* Arguments that you pass to Unix system functions.
* Do bounds checking on every variable.
* Data should be bounded, and verified for syntactic correctness
integrity, and origin if possible.
* Arguments you (foolishly) get from the environment
* Arguments/input you read from a file
* Typecast variables to what you expect and verify input is
correct for that type (e.g., passing a large integer to a
signed int causing it to become negative when you really
wanted it to be used as positive)
3. Don't use routines that fail to check buffer boundaries
when manipulating strings of arbitrary length.
gets fgets
strcpy strncpy
strcat strncat
sprintf bcopy
scanf bzero
sscanf memcpy,
Always do your own variable size calculations correctly.
i.e., the destination variable must be large enough for
the stated size being moved.
NEVER assume that the string is '\0' terminated correctly.
Bounds check all data manipulation.
NEVER forget that a string has a '\0' character on the end.
Therefore, the string "abcde" is *6* bytes long, not 5
(although strlen says 5)!
4. Check all return codes from system calls. The Unix
operating system has almost every single system call
return a return code.
Do not always assume it will succeed. Some failures are
under the control of the user (such as running out of
process descriptors, file descriptors, free memory, and
so on).
5. Don't have your program depend on Unix environment.
Some of the things you want to do, therefore, are:
* If you absolutely must pass information to the program
in its environment, then have your program test for the
necessary environment variables and then erase the
environment completely. Erase what you don't need first,
get what you want, and kill the remainder.
* Otherwise, simply wipe the environment clean of all
but the most essential variables.
* Make sure that the file descriptors that you expect
to be open are open and that the file descriptors that
you expect to be closed are closed. All unnecessary
file descriptors should be closed before calling exec().
* Ensure that your signals are set to a sensible state.
* Set your umask appropriately.
* Explicitly chdir to an appropriate directory when the
program starts.
* Set whatever limit values are necessary so that your
program will not leave a core file if it fails.
* Pass a sensible environment to exec() (not the default
6. Have internal consistency checking code. For example, use the
assert macro if programing in C.
NOTE: that this is not good in production code as it can generate
a core dump and/or leak potentially sensitive information (such as
line numbers or assertion expressions). It is much more designed
for debug code that can be selectively enabled or disabled. If
SIGABRT is not caught, a core dump can be generated.
The concept of assert macro is good, and the programmer may wish to
design their own for production purposes that cleans up, reports
sanitised log information, and exits gracefully.
7. Include lots of logging. Here is specific information
that you might wish to log:
* The time that the program was run.
* The UID and effective UID (also, GID information) of
the process that ran it.
* The terminal from which it was run.
* The process number (PID).
* Command line arguments.
* Invalid arguments, or failures in consistency checking.
* Beware of syslog overflow problems. Restrict the size
of the total message that is passed to syslog.
8. Make the critical portion of your program as small as
possible and as simple as possible.
9. Read through your code. Think of how you might attack it
yourself. What happens if you provide unexpected output?
What happens if you are able to delay the program
arbitrarily between two system calls?
10. If your program needs to perform some functions as
superuser, but generally does not require SUID permissions,
consider putting the SUID part in a different program,
and constructing a carefully-controlled and monitored
interface between the two.
11. If you need SUID or SGID permissions, use them for their
intended purpose as early in the program as makes sense,
and then revoke them by returning the effective UID and
effective GID to those of the process that invoked the
12. If you have a program that absolutely must run
as SUID, try to avoid equipping the program with a
general-purpose programming interface.
13. If your program needs special permissions (for example,
a game program that writes high scores into a particular
directory), consider having it run SUID to a normal user
account other than root.
14. Resist the temptation to make something SUID to root if
you can accomplish the same goals by making it SGID to a
new group.
15. Always use full path names for any argument, for both
commands and files.
16. Anything supplied by the user that is then passed on,
written into a file, or used as a filename should be
checked for shell meta characters.
* Don't just check for things like ../ as this can be
foiled by using tricks such as "."./ if parsed by a shell.
* Better to check for "valid" characters and discard
the remainder.
17. Examine your code and test it carefully for assumptions
about the operating environments. For example:
* If you assume that the program is always run by
somebody who is not root, what happens if the program
is run by root?
* If you assume that it will be run by root, what happens
if it is not run as root?
* Many programs designed to be run as daemon or bin can
cause security programs when run as root.
* If you assume that it is always run in the /tmp
directory, what happens if it is run somewhere else?
18. Make good use of available tools. If you are using C and
have an ANSI compiler available, use it, and use prototypes
for calls. If you don't have an ANSI C compiler, then
be sure to use the lint program to check for common mistakes.
19. Test your program a lot. If you have a system based on
SVR4, consider using (at the least) tcov, a statement
coverage tester. Consider using commercial products, such
as CodeCenter and Purify (from personal experience, we
can tell you that these programs are very useful). Look
into GCT, a test tool developed by Brian Marick at the
University of Illinois. Remember that it is better to
find a bug in testing than to let some anonymous system
cracker find it for you!
20. Be aware of race conditions. These can be manifest as a
deadlock, or as failure of two calls to execute in close
Deadlock: Remember: more than one copy of your program may be
running at the same time. Consider using file locking for any
files that you modify. Provide a way to recover the locks in
the event that the program crashes while a lock is held. Avoid
deadlocks and "deadly embraces," which can occur when one
program attempts to lock file A then file B, while another
program already holds a lock for file B and then attempts to
lock file A.
Sequence: Be aware that your program does not execute atomically.
That is, the program can be interrupted between any two
operations and another program run for a while--including
one that is trying to abuse yours. Thus, check your code
carefully for any pair of operations that might fail if
arbitrary code is executed between them. The pairs, "stat"...
"open" and "open"..."chown" are especially notorious.
* The program environment should *NEVER* be left in a
vulnerable state even for a single instruction (as above).
21. Don't have your program dump core. Instead of dumping
core, have your program log the appropriate problem and exit.
22. Avoid shell escapes.
23. NEVER use system() or popen() calls. execlp and execvp are also
24. If you are expecting to create a new file with the open
call, then use the O_EXCL|O_CREAT flags to cause the
routine to fail if the file exists. If you expect the
file to be there, be sure not to include the O_CREAT flag
so that the routine will fail.
25. When performing a series of operations on a file, such as
changing its owner, stating the file, or changing its mode,
first open the file and then use the fchown(), fstat(),
or fchmod() system calls. This will prevent the file from
being replaced while your program is running (a possible
race condition).
26. If you think that a file should be a file, use lstat() to
make sure that it is not a link. However, remember that
what you check may change before you can get around to
opening it if it is in a public directory (cf#20., above).
To open a file, which should already exist:
- lstat() the path, check that lstat succeeded
- check that it's acceptable (eg, not a symlink)
- open() (without O_CREAT), check that the open succeeded
- fstat() the fd returned by open
- if the lstat and fstat st_ino and st_dev fields match,
To create a new file, which doesn't already exist:
- lstat() the path, check that you got ENOENT
- open(...,...|O_CREAT|O_EXCL,...), check that it succeeded
If you're really paranoid, then:
- fstat() the fd returned by open
- lstat() the path again, check that (a) it exists and (b)
isn't a symlink
- check that the fstat and the last lstat returned matching
st_dev and st_ino fields
NOTE: that the latter depends on the O_CREAT|O_EXCL semantics
of not following a trailing symlink.
Item Subject: Sec 2
27. If you need to create a temporary file, consider using the
tmpfile() function. This will create a temporary file,
open it, delete the file, and return a file handle.
28. Error recovery. A privileged program can never assume that
operations will succeed due to its privileged status.
Recovery should not be attempted unless the recovery is
29. Be aware that /etc/utmp file (which is writeable on some systems)
can be exploited by careful modification, to write over any
file on the system, and thus gain privileged access.
If you must use information from utmp, verify it is correct
before use.(E.g., if you expect to write to a tty, then the file
should be something like /dev/ttyxx).
30. Dynamically linked libraries. It is possible to replace a system
library with a user created library, if a SUID program calls a
non-SUID program while still running privileged.
31. Files that exist outside of the chroot space, that are required by
the program, must be accessed before the call to chroot().
Writing SUID/SGID Programs
1. "Don't do it. Most of the time it's not necessary."
2. Never write SUID shell scripts.
3. If you are using SUID to access a special set of files,
don't. Instead, create a special group for your files
and make the program SGID to THAT GROUP. If you must use
SUID, create a special user for the purpose.
4. Erase the execution environment, if at all possible, and
start afresh. Many security problems have been caused
because there was a significant difference between the
environment in which the program was run by an attacker
and the environment under which the program was developed.
The entire environment in which the process will be run
verified and reset by the program. This may involve setting
known values in environment variables like HOME, PATH, and
IFS, setting a valid umask value, and initializing all
(Note: if your version of UNIX will allow multiple values in
the environment with the SAME name, then simply using "getenv"
and "putenv" for each value is insufficient. You either need to
clobber the whole environment and start fresh, or you need to do
multiple instances of "getenv" to ensure that there are not
multiple copies of sensitive variables in the environment.)
5. Avoid using system() and popen(). If you are using perl,
try to avoid using pipes. "If you need to spawn extra
processes, use "fork" with only the execve(2),exec(3) or
execl(3) calls, and use them with great care. (Avoid the
execlp(3) and execvp(3) calls.)
6. Do not provide shell escapes. If you must provide them,
be sure to setgid(getgid()) and setuid(getuid()) before
executing the user's command. You may need to do a fork
first if you expect to stay around for additional
7. In general, use the setuid() and setgid() functions to
"privilege bracket" your code. Only turn on the setuid()
and/or setgid() privilege when it is needed.
8. If you must use pipes or subshells, be especially careful
with the environment variables PATH and IFS. If at all
possible, erase these variables and set them to safe values.
For example:
putenv ("PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/ucb");
NOTE: Ensure that the PATH specification is not
/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/ucb: (a trailing ":" or empty path name
such as "::") as this implicitly adds a "." to the PATH.
putenv ("IFS= \t\r");
See the Note: under #4
9. Use the full path name for all files that you open. Do not
make any assumptions about the current directory. (You
can enforce this requirement by doing a chdir("/tmp") as
one of the first steps in your program.)
10. If you must run as root but only need access to files in a
specific directory, You should chdir() to it first, then
chroot() to that directory. Also, you need to beware in case
you need other files such as /dev/null, /dev/zero, and
/dev/log to name a few.
11. Consider using taintperl for your SUID programs and scripts.
12. The entire environment in which the process will be run
should be verified and reset by the program. This may involve
setting known values in environment variables like HOME,
PATH, and IFS, setting a valid umask value, and initializing
all variables.
1. Don't echo the password as the user types it.
2. When you store the user's password on the computer, encrypt
it. If nothing else, use the crypt(3) library function.
Use random numbers to choose the password's salt. When
the user provides a password, check to see if it is the
original password by encrypting the provided password with the
same salt.
3. If you need access to crypt(3) from a shell script,
consider using /usr/lib/makekey, which provides much the
same functionality.
Generating Random Numbers:
A great deal is known about random numbers. Here are some
general rules of thumb:
* If a number is random, then each bit of that number should
have an equal probability of being a 0 or a 1.
* If a number is random, then after each 0 in that number
there should be an equal probability that the following
bit is a 0 or a 1. Likewise, after each 1 there should be
an equal probability that the following bit is a 0 or a 1.
* If the number has a large number of bits, then there roughly
half of the number's bits should be 0s, and half of the
bits should be 1s.
For security-related purposes, a further requirement for random
numbers is unpredictably:
* It should not be possible to predict the output of the
random number generator given previous outputs or other
knowledge about the computer generating the random numbers.
* It should not be possible to determine the internal state
of the random number generator.
* It should not be possible to replicate the initial state
of the random number generator, or to reseed the generator
with the same initial value.
Picking a Random Seed
1. Seeding a random number generator from a limited space.
2. Using a hash value of only the current time as a random seed.
3. Divulging the seed value itself.
4. Combining some rapidly and constantly changing fields using a
cryptographically strong hash function. E.g.;( netstat -a ;
ps auxww ; vmstat ; who ) | md5
Some systems may provide a /dev/random device for this purpose.
So how do you pick a good random number? Here are some ideas:
* Use a genuine source of randomness, such as a radioactive
source, static on the FM dial, thermal noise, or something
* Ask the user to type a set of text, and sample the time
between keystrokes.
* Monitor the user. Each time the user presses the keyboard,
take the time between the current keypress and the last
keypress, add it to the current random number seed, and
hash the result with a cryptographic hash function. You
can also use mouse movements to add still more randomness.
* Avoid relying on the system clock.
* Don't use Ethernet addresses or hardware serial numbers.
* Beware of using information such as the time of the
arrival of network packets.
* Don't use random selection from a large database.
* Consider using analog input devices already present on
your system.
This material is copyright 1996 by O'Reilly & Associates and
by AUSCERT, The University of Queensland, and copies may only
be made provided that:
1) All copies include the copyright notice and full credit information
2) No charge may be made for copies
3) The material is not to be included as part of any other document,
collection or work without express permission of the copyright holders.
Version: 2.6.2i
Comment: Finger firstname.lastname@example.com to retrieve AUSCERT's public key


text:
The Wales international helped defeat Toulouse 31-3 on Saturday in Marseilles and then hit the town with the squad to celebrate.
However, unconfirmed reports from France suggest he may have been involved in a confrontation with a team-mate, which has led to the ban.
Toulon would only say that Henson would be sidelined for a week following a "non compliance with the code of conduct set by the club".
Henson, who took two years out of rugby having become disillusioned with the game in Wales, joined Saracens earlier this season only to leave the London club when he got a better offer from the big-spending French side.
The 29-year-old initially signed a short-term contract and was supposed to discover today whether he would be given a long‑term one but that is now subject to review in the wake of the alleged incident.
Henson is trying to win a place in the Wales squad for the World Cup in New Zealand in September and the latest developments will not help his cause.
The versatile back is hoping to be given a lucrative contract to allow him to play full-time alongside England star Jonny Wilkinson, and a host of big-name internationals that Toulon are continuing to assemble for next season.Reuse content


text:
Thord D. Hedengren's post-apocalyptic novella, Ashen Sky, is now up for pre-order on Amazon. Tell your friends!
Blast from the Past: Älvdalen
Here's another nugget from way back when. Älvdalen was a fairy tale world that was supposed to become a lighthearted role-playing game, as well as a short story collection. Artist Thomas Eliasson did the above concept image, which was also made in color, but – alas – that version is lost.
Blast from the Past: ARK taking off
The above image was made by the talented Reine Rosenberg, and was supposed to be used with the introduction chapter in ARK.
The Ashen Sky cover
Pale Publishing will publish Ashen Sky, a novella by Thord D. Hedengren, this November. There's a little bit more about it, and the cover in particular, on TDH.me.
There is also an Ashen Sky product page available.
We have a logo!
We're happy to announce that we now have a logo! It's about time, don't you think. You can see it in action on this very site. Big thanks to Alexander Danling at Odd Alice for this.
Blast from the Past: The ARK cover art
We've been asked to show you the full cover art for the ARK role-playing game. The ARK resurrected post only shows part of it. So here it is, made by Reine Rosenberg.
Blast from the Past: Stiel, the Green Knight
While not entirely related to Project OTFP at this time, the short stories about Stiel, the Green Knight, is set in the same fantasy world as the role-playing game. The image above was commissioned from Reine Rosenberg to illustrate one of three short stories that was published on a dedicated domain for the project. It was an experiment in fiction readership online, and it taught me a lot. You'll definitely run into Stiel in the future, albeit not in those exact stories.


text:
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Some Kasich plans out of budget.
Full bench to hear arguments over drug protocol.
UAW hopes to organize plant near Dayton.
Latest series of possible engineering solutions to keep carp from entering Lake Michigan.
Lawmaker told new procedures to be in place by next election to prevent lost ballots.
Include I-75 between Bay City and Sault Ste. Marie, stretches of U.S. 127 and U.S. 131.
Third person charged with making false statements, obstruction.
Will include more than 40 stations in 10 neighborhoods.
Toledo interested in purchasing building from state of Ohio.
Akron-based utility trying to keep nuclear power plants afloat.


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text: Supramolecular Polymer Networks and Gels By Sebastian Seiffert 2015 | 298 Pages | ISBN: 3319154036 | PDF | 9 MB The series Advances in Polymer Science presents critical reviews of the present and future trends in polymer and biopolymer science. It covers all areas of research in polymer and biopolymer science including chemistry, physical chemistry, physics, material science. The thematic volumes are addressed to scientists, whether at universities or in industry, who wish to keep abreast of the important advances in the covered topics. Advances in Polymer Science enjoys a longstanding tradition and good reputation in its community. Each volume is dedicated to a current topic and each review critically surveys one aspect of that topic, to place it within the context of the volume. The volumes typically summarize the significant developments of the last 5 to 10 years and discuss them critically, presenting selected examples, explaining and illustrating the important principles and bringing together many important references of primary literature. On that basis, future research directions in the area can be discussed. Advances in Polymer Science volumes thus are important references for every polymer scientist, as well as for other scientists interested in polymer science - as an introduction to a neighboring field, or as a compilation of detailed information for the specialist. Review articles for the individual volumes are invited by the volume editors. Single contributions can be specially commissioned. Readership: Polymer scientists, or scientists in related fields interested in polymer and biopolymer science, at universities or in industry, graduate students. Buy Premium From My Links To Get Resumable Support,Max Speed & Support Me Code: Download ( NitroFlare ) http://nitroflare.com/view/5B25B890353505A/1qmxy.Supramolecular.Polymer.Networks.and.Gels.Repost.rar


text:
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Trenton Times, The (Newspaper) - May 12, 1890, Trenton, New Jersey VOT VIII. 9312. TKKNTON, MONDAY AHTKKNOON, MAY 12, 1890, WO GLOBE iROllER iRAIN He Is Bound to Beat Nellie Ely's Record. THE ECCENTRIC CITIZEN'S TOUB On the Homestretch to Make Taooma Famoui and Sinush This He Compute Girdle Round the farth In Mxtj-two Days LOMION Ma) George Irancis Train is on the homebtretch of Ins arouni the world, and it seems not only probable that be will break Phmeas Fogg's record but the record of Miss Nellie Bly as well He has reached London fiftj o daj s from Tacoma, Wash and expects to finish his tonr in ten dajs more To a torrespondeu of The Herald who met him with extende 12-A Chicago, Mil- waukee and St Paul trate struck a buggy thp crossing 8t Decorah, la Saturday night In the bttggy were Miss Alice QluVer, Aaron Sheete and Her daughter and son. Miss Glover had 4 leg an aim broken and received other in- jnries which are fatal. The other occu- pants of the buggy were also seriously in jund The vehicle was broken into splint- Mnmrrm (to her llttlo boy) Jinnn IP If hi pnod ftntl RO to sleep, if give yon oni of AVer's nlcn sugar rnitert Cathartic Fllln noit time you need medicine Btnnie, milling iweetlr, dropped off to sleep j CALIFORNIA REPUBLICANS IN LINE They Will Support the McKlnley Bil Despite the Sugar Sihedule ins Maj U NotwitMandm the report of Heprebentatne McKeuna o California (hi representatne of the Paul! coast on the wajs and means committee dissenting from the Hugar schedule of th tariff bill it is understood Ohat Mr M Kenna will for the bill as a whole contenting himself with offering ameuc ments when the sugar schedule is reachec in the debate on the bill proper during th week Mr McXt nna when he saw tha the w a> s and means committee w ns firm 1 its decision regarding sugar agreed to ac in harmony Republican a-ssociate in securing the passage of the bill, and ad mg on this agreement he decided not b make a speech during the four dajs gen eral debate, w hit h closed Saturday, a though he was entitled to unlimited tun as a member of the wajs and means com mittee It is said that Claus Spreckels and th other big sugar men of the Pacific Coas are better satibhed with the sugar schedul than the) were w hen first it w as announced and the) e concluded that as the pas sage of the bill in its presen form is certain nothing can be gained b it hen Mr Spieckels was here reeentlj to protest against placin sugar on the free list en if the producer were granted a sufficient bount} Mr Her mann, of Oregon who was on the hous committee on manufactures when the con mittcc imestigated the sugar trust calle the attention of Mr Spreikels to i statt ment made by the latter before the con mittee that the sugar men of the Pacifl coast would be satisfied w itli on th free list if they were granted a bounty su flcieut to cover the benefits derived from the present protective duties Mr Heimaun spoke of this after Mr Spreckels had made an argument agains the bount) svstem, and Mr bpicckels wa forced to admit that the bount) had its advantages and could not reason ably be objected to if the bounty wer granted for not less than twent) )ears The MtJCmle) bill grants a bouut) for fif teen yeM-s when the tariff bill was mtro duced it was believed to be probable tha Mr McKenna and the other Repubhcai members from California, and Mr Cole man, the Republican representative from Louisiana, would Vote agauist the bill, bu it now can be safely said that they will ac with their colleagues BLOWN TO ATOMS Two Men Killed by the Explosion of Locomotive at Buffalo. BUfiAlo Ma) Shortlj after2o'cloc] Sunda) afternoon Lehigh Valle) switcl engine No was drawiL8 a tram o freight cars from the Tifft fanu into th city The engine was in charge of Bngi neer George Pearl and Fireman Henr O'Connor and was going at a moderate rate of speed and when near the bndg over the Buffalo creek without a moment1 warning exploded The shock of the ex plosion was tenific, being heard with tmctness tw o miles avva) Fireman O Con nor's body w us blown 100 feet in the air fell in a shapeli ss mass The body o the engineer found after some searcl where it had fallen about 100 feet east o the wreck He was dead when found an> the remains w ere terribly mangled Both men had homes in Buffalo and eacl leaves a family The cause of the explo sion seems to be a mystery and may neve be determined The engine is said to hav been an old one, but in good condition The engineer, Pearl, seems to have been new man, and little Is know about him in the yards Jbllicottvlle t lame Swept. ELLICOTTV ILLE, N Y May 12 a a quarter of the business portion of this place lies m ashes The buildings buruei were the Crawford house and D P McMahon's dwelling, J W D P McMahou's dry goods store, E F Snyder's jewelry store, E L Reed's dental rooms M W Brook's grocery store. Galloway jerkins' harness shop, F Kirnan's giocer store, E Oyer s saloon, George Bentley'i dwelling, the barrel factoiy ana stock Charles Hartley's blacksmith shop, Mc- Mahon's agricultural implement ware- house and Mrs Harmon's barns The fire started in D P McMahon's dwelling atl o'clock Sunday morning and soon sprea I Mr rs Columl is 1 I ulsiiiip l Butt il n and O UN r I. dill anil kir Mrakl and At I'liilal Atlikt 03011 1101 Br klvi 0040 Oil Basi h ts th. 13 Broi U l Irror AtliMie Hi iklju i liuttiii i i u nu Robins M 1 1 Pitz At l Is i 11 idi Uu !i stti 0 2 0 l i 1 l bvruuis OOOOli lio Base lnt I u i 13 SM i rrors Rothtslti 0 (j Hilt i Uihn and MtKt nnh M nis n hu f u I II ms At 01004 v 0 1 Bt L uis 1 U 1 li i u 0 Bu.sc hits Inltd o St 1 in 11 l-rrur Ti U lo hi If IIH 8 rli Smith an 1 amsHj and Mluiitk YsHotlntlun At Ninark NiHOiU 1 0 4 1 0 n B r-1 Jt Ispj (iM 0 0 4 0 b 1000 Bnst> hu N uk 11 J i-si I triers Ni r 11 a s and C ll Ids I in i i in 1 1 lion till I ill., Stuml Tin htamliu nf tin liaLties to dati is I I u l I s l l vi i F C luhs W j lit t Is Vi L 1 OIL I..') I Oil HllTll b II si ii II l-i I n Ih I 11 Ip a l i l 5 ii lin klji K l ,k 1 10 N U I I M t r UHUS 1 1 u nbs W L Id 1'hiluil Ip a 0 1 11 B st n 7 u (i Cine 1150 N 111 I and 5 II n miuiti 'It lu H Kl irjf 5 1 III r Is v V. >ik 5 10 i AMU II IN uios Clnl s I 1 u L I 1 s L 1 C R Uustir 4 i iso H J 4 Aili! t t 11 Is ]u us g jo St I ins 0 10 1 LoiilsMlIi 1 H j 14 jij MI VMH K 1 Clubs n I 1 U I ibs W U P tl n J ta h lrk 77 New 11 u n I Ml II ill id 0 41 Ballnn u dnin Stevens of Penusjlvani at Pernanibiuo The Very Ki v Father William Keegai the vicar of the Roman t athol church 111 the Urooklj n (N Y dioees died Maj 10 He was 70 jeareof age 1 he Amu lean I ife Insurance compan of Philadelphia lias suspended Gen John C riimont who for jea has supposed be oweil the goviriiinei 119 000 as an ofhcial dtbtor has just di coverid by luquirj at aslnngton that tl govetnment owed him OOit, leaving balance in his favor of Ihe Iron Car compauj, doing busine1 principally in Nt w ork and Carlisle Pn and composed of New capitalist has made an assignment through Us pns dent Cr Dithridge Ihe iLssignee IhomiitiG Rich, of btamford Conn Li bilities jsidd nominal assets, (HUH IXK) A (oronei-s jury exonerated Uetectiv Ljnch of Rochester, Jnd WI All the moat dcilrable makm of Underrtw for Oonti Children Omels' Ralr, Hedlratvl Bnarlet Natural Wool and Meilno Goods a full at pri will be to all, T-KK, 123 and 125 N. C.reene Street. i M i i ALL ORDERS PROMPTLY ATTENDED TO. XX. i- J.4, 140 PEART- 8JTOKK1', FOBHURLT HAHp-rON STBl.i. N. J. I -i-i STOKH: OK SIIAKfT.KSS "KO'iilKKS IS A FOFtJT'AK STOKK. It supplies popular goods at popular prices and caters to the popular trade. Pop- ular, plain, matter-of-fact ideas prevail in every depai Unent and rule the entire establishment from basement to roof. Our new divisions have struck a popular chord, particularly where books, magazines and periodicals are retailed at wholesale prices. IMPORTED BLACK Faille Francaise ts here this morning at 00 a Yard. ihls is an absolutely pure ailk fabric, whose threads will not slip or poll awry Ihe best silk yon ever saw for the money ietails regularly at The money saved on a dtesa pattern will buy a hand- some set of books In our Book Department' LANSDOWNE A feather-weight texture, composed en irely of silk and Wool, and especially dc- irablo for Summer wear. Onr Lansdowne t superior to any so-called article on the market and IB folly TWO INCHES WIDER Exquisite tints are shown for the first time n Uray, Tan, Brown, Heliotrope and Bine, lesldes fall lines of Blacks See the Gen- uine and Original before buying Isewhere. a yard SCOTCH LACE CURTAINS Having recently received another invoice f these highly desirable window hangings we attune the figures to our low-price scale 8Ro.. 93c. and OO a Pair. 'osltivcly the fn lest value ever seen in ART DBAPRBY Curtains in a variety of delignfl, a Pair MISSKS' SHOES GOO pain, regular (3 and 50 values, in Ml Pebble, Straight Goat and Cnrtooa Kid. BO a Pair. 750 pain of Children's Shoes, worth (11275, a Pair French Kid, with spring heels. We are Headquarters I-OK HOOKS ent, New Department. GLASS BERRY Sets of 13 pieces, worth have been marked down to O8o. An eitraordlnn.j bargain indeed. 2 quart Center Dish and 12 Servers, in the desirable hob-nail pattern. DEOOBAf Tea Sets, consisting of 56 to 5O. Worth Another of oar matchlnu selling power. AN AMAZING Opportunity is presented thin morning in high novelty CORD Striped Glnghima, which nntil to-day have been selling at 25o. a yard. Ine price is cat down to 15 Cents. In order to give an Impetus to oar sale. 23 inches wide and all the popular colon. WEBSiER'S t Unabridged Dictionary, printed upon good papor and handsomely bonnd in half muiocoot wlthijut Index. 09 with Index. ihis is the greatest offering in, the book world that we know anything abont. A fall line of all the popnlar writing) it tqnally low prices. If yon are at kuow where to place the Dictionary, wa have a handsome table at p8c. AN OCCASION Of unusual impor'-nce to silk buyers this moruing in 49 pieces of woven figured including staple >hadM, and rich EVENING HWlS Which, have never lold for tfcan have dcncended to 50. a Yard, Silk Department after 9 o'clock. A Pretty With Cap and f arasol to -natch. 4. i Y i f- i 1 i-- -i II l" Advertise. YUUR "WANTS" IN ;
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You are here: Home Page >
Transport and Streets >
Public Transport >
Travel Aid
Please note that from 1st October 2013, the Travel Aid
scheme will no longer be operated in partnership with Central
Bedfordshire Council. From this date, Bedford Residents will
continue to pay £1 for a 28 day pass. Central Bedfordshire
residents will pay £5 for a 28 day pass. New forms are being
produced and will be available at Jobcentres from 1st
Full details of the Bedford Borough Travel Aid scheme
are given below.
You can get a Travel Aid pass if you live in
Bedford and:
A Bedford Borough Travel Aid pass costs £1.00 and is valid for
28 days. During that time, you can travel on most, buses in the
Bedford Borough area at half the adult single fare (rounded up to
the nearest 5p). Simply show your pass to the driver when buying
your ticket.
When can I use it?
Your Travel Aid pass is valid after 0900 on Mondays to
Fridays and on all day Saturdays and Sundays. You can use it on
most local buses but not express coaches, community transport,
tours or excursions. You can also travel on buses that
go outside this area providing your journey starts or finishes in
Bedford or Central Bedfordshire. Travel Aid can only be used
on the section of the Stagecoach X5 service between Cambridge and
Milton Keynes and is only valid for journeys starting or finishing
in Bedford Borough. See below for details.
Step 1 - Fill in the application form obtained
from your local Job Centre Plus (or Jobs Hub).
Job Centre Plus (or Jobs Hub) must stamp your
application. They will not accept applications for stamping
unless all of the personal details are completed in
You must enter the date on which you want the Travel Aid pass to
be valid - this must be no more than 7 days after the date on which
you take the application form to be stamped.
Step 2 - Take the completed application form to
the Job Centre Plus (or Jobs Hub) for stamping.
The Job Centre Plus (or Jobs Hub) decide whether or not you are
eligible for a Travel Aid pass, based on the type of benefit you
receive. Bedford Borough Council cannot enter in to any
correspondence on the question of your eligibility.
Step 3 - Take your stamped application for to
the issuing point
For Bedford Borough Council residents, the issuing point is:
Customer Service Centre
2 Horne Lane, Bedford MK40 1RA
Opening hours:
8:45am – 5:00pm Monday – Thursday
8:45am – 4:45pm Friday
You will need to pay £1 for each 28 day period of
validity. If you have not held a Travel Aid pass before, you
will also need to bring a passport sized photograph of
yourself so that you can be provided with a photocard.
When your pass expires, at the end of the 28 day period, simply
fill in another application form and repeat steps 1 to 3 above.
You can renew your Travel Aid pass up to 7 days before the
old pass expires.
(1) When Job Centre Plus (or Jobs Hub) determine whether or not
you are eligible to hold a Travel Aid pass, their decision is final
and no correspondence shall be entered in to.
(2) Travel Aid passes are valid for use on most local bus
services in Bedford Borough. Bus companies may restrict the use of
Travel Aid passes beyond a certain distance - If in doubt, contact
the bus company before travelling.
Travel Aid passes are NOT accepted on the
following services:
(3) Your journey must start or finish in Bedford Borough.
(4) A valid photocard and a Travel Aid pass bearing the number
on the photocard must be presented together to obtain the
concession stated in this scheme.
(5) Travel Aid passes are NOT
transferable. They can only be used by the card holder.
(6) The Travel Aid pass and photocard remain the property of the
issuing council and must be shown when buying a ticket and at any
other time on demand.
(7) The bus driver (or other company official) has the right to
question the holder's entitlement in suspicious or doubtful
circumstances and may retain the Travel Aid pass and photocard for
verification by the issuing council.
(8) Bedford Borough Council reserve the right to require a new
photograph to be taken if the appearance of the holder changes
(9) Holders of a Travel Aid pass are subject to all regulations
concerning the carriage of passengers and the standard conditions
of the operators.
(10) No refunds will be considered.
(11) Neither Job Centre Plus (or Jobs Hub) nor the issuing
councils will tolerate physical or verbal abuse of their
staff. Every effort will be made to prosecute those people
who commit acts of assault, aggression or verbal/physical abuse on
members of staff. Persons committing such behaviour will lose their
entitlement to a Travel Aid pass as well as other benefits.
The Bedford Borough Travel Aid is administered by Bedford
Borough Council.
From parking to public transport, roads,
pavements, parking and much more, this section tells you everything
you need to know about transport and streets in the borough of
Copyright © 2017 Bedford Borough Council - all other trademarks are acknowledged as belonging to their respective owners. All rights reserved.


text:
Andrew Bacevich on War in Libya
CAS prof sees confusion in president's stated goals
With President Obama defending his Libya intervention in a nationally televised speech earlier this week, Andrew Bacevich remains unconvinced that we've picked the right fight.
In his speech, Obama said he lent American air power to the anti-Qaddafi coalition and rebels to avert "violence on a horrific scale," as the regime threatened to slaughter civilians in the city of Benghazi. The president also cited U.N. approval for the intervention (which Bacevich applauds) and a promised handoff to other nations (NATO is enforcing a no-flight zone). He foreswore using U.S. ground troops in an effort to topple Qaddafi, saying the United States can't afford a costly, regime-changing morass à la Iraq. To critics who charge he should have sought congressional approval, he countered that consulting with legislative leaders sufficed for a limited military operation.
A lecture commitment prevented Bacevich, a College of Arts & Sciences professor of international relations and a former West Point–educated Army colonel, from watching the speech, but based on media coverage, he says the president left unanswered questions about the mission. Bacevich's 2010 book Washington Rules: America's Path to Permanent War calls for the United States to intervene abroad militarily only in self-defense and when its vital interests are threatened. He also calls on Europeans to assume more responsibility for global peacekeeping. Obama says that's precisely what the Libyan operation requires, yet "if you measure it in terms of sorties," Bacevich says, "we're flying, I think, significantly more than half of them."
BU Today spoke with Bacevich after Obama's speech.
BU Today: Did President Obama's speech assuage your concerns?
Bacevich: No. My concerns would be twofold. First, the president ordered this intervention without authorization of Congress. In a war that was by no means a necessary war, I believe it's important to fulfill the constitutional requirement that says the legislative branch decides when we go to war. Nor do I accept the euphemisms for "war" that the administration has been using. Previous administrations have routinely claimed wide authority when it comes to the use of force. My position would be that in the wake of the Cold War, it is mistaken to accept these precedents.
The second concern has to do with confusion over purpose. On the one hand, the president defends his position as necessary to protect civilians, the humanitarian rationale. On the other hand, the president has said that Qaddafi must go, that the aim is regime change. They are attacking targets that make U.S. and allied airpower an adjunct of the rebel forces. That may or may not be a wise course, but it's incumbent upon the president to make clear our purposes.
The president disavowed military regime change. Supposedly, the administration is increasing diplomatic efforts to remove Qaddafi, and we're degrading his military as inducement.
It's a wonderful strategy if it works. Perhaps it will. The circumstances are fraught with uncertainty. If we can persuade Qaddafi to skedaddle, this could end quickly and successfully. If Qaddafi continues to fight, then what? I understand the president doesn't want to put all his cards down for Mr. Qaddafi to read, but in a domestic context, he does have an obligation to put his cards down so that we understand what's going on. It's unfair to expect the president to be able to say this is going to be over within a week or 10 days or 2 months, because we can't know. My point is he needs to be clear on what our purpose is.
The larger point is that the administration is attributing more importance to Libya than it deserves. The big story is the broader uprising among Arab nations and the success of the uprisings in Tunisia and, especially, Egypt. There is big change afoot in the Arab world. We need to reassure Israel that the changes happening are not inconsistent with the safety and security of Israel. We don't want them to do anything rash. We need to support political change that is liberal and democratic. We can do that rhetorically and in the way we extend economic assistance. We need to express disapproval of change that is undemocratic or anti-Israeli or anti-American.
If, for example, the people of Egypt choose an Islamist government, we are obliged, and it is in our interest, to recognize that government. It doesn't follow that we have to provide economic and security assistance if this government calls into question the Egyptian-Israeli peace treaty.
Some observers have said that some of the Libyan rebels we're helping have been a source of jihadists to Iraq.
That's the third point the president has left us in the dark on. Who are we supporting? What do they represent? We don't know.
You do support, in some cases, humanitarian intervention to prevent slaughter?
I do. I regret that we did not act in Rwanda, the iconic reference point. The question becomes, to what degree was this like Rwanda? I think you can argue it either way. I don't have access to intelligence sources Obama was able to draw on. As a distant observer, I wouldn't call it a slam dunk.
Almost necessarily, intervention plunges him into a host of political complications. Congratulations, Mr. President, you have prevented the slaughter you were certain was going to happen. Now what are you going to do?
Rich Barlow can be reached at email@example.com Comments


text:
Keep in Tune While Capoing!
Using a capo can cause tuning difficulties, especially with rogue string tunings. The Intellitouch CT1 Capo Tuner has tackled that issue with a spring-action capo with a built-in tuner. Now those pesky strings can be tamed with a tuner right on the capo. The CT1 automatic chromatic tuner is extremely accurate and dead simple to use; if the display is red you are either sharp or flat; if it is green you are in tune. Capo up with the Intellitouch CT1 Capo Tuner today!Intellitouch CT1 Capo Tuner Features at a Glance:
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Capo with confidence with the Intellitcouh CT1 Capo tuner.


text:
"We scan the ports where most hacking activities or unauthorized access might take place. We also do regular network monitoring to look for any suspicious activity. We are not perfect at it, but we are like a credit card company looking for some suspicious activity on the network."
Related quotes
"Traditional systems are meant more to protect their dollar invested in making sure they deny unauthorized users access because that saves them money,"
"If someone is taking unauthorized cable, they are not paying their franchise fees. Someone might be paying to receive cable, which helps us operate our company, and the people next door are getting a free ride. It's not fair and not fair to the city."
"We will adopt a very strict approval system for land use to eliminate the unauthorized expropriation of land."
"As consumers and as clients become more familiar with these offerings, you're going to see less in the unauthorized secondary marketplace, and you're going to see more transactions taking place in the authorized marketplace."


text:
Petitgrain Perfume Oil 9ml
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The intense and long-lasting Petitgrain perfume Oil synthesizes sweet and subtle notes of citrus and soft woods for a clean, refreshing scent and general aphrodisiac.
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text:
- 1[countable, usually plural] the particular method you use to achieve something They tried all kinds of tactics to get us to go. This was just the latest in a series of delaying tactics. The manager discussed tactics with his team. Confrontation is not always the best tactic. It's time to change tactics. They used strong-arm (= aggressive or violent) tactics.
- 2tactics [plural] the art of moving soldiers and military equipment around during a battle or war in order to use them in the most effective way compare strategy
Check pronunciation: tactic