text:
Spotify, a Swedish streaming site with more than a million users and a catalogue of six million tracks, has partnered with 7digital.com to allow users to download and listen to tracks.
Single tracks and albums will be available to buy this year when the service is launched in Britain.
Although pricing is yet to be confirmed, 7digital sells tracks for as little as 50p and some albums for £3. In the UK, the cost of the cheapest songs on iTunes is 59p.
The four major record labels, EMI, Sony BMG, Universal Music and Warner Music all have agreements in place with 7digital.
They are said to be keen to back any challenge to iTunes's near monopoly of the paid download market.
Daniel Ek, founder of Spotify, said: "Spotify is a great way to listen to and discover music. We're committed to developing the world's largest streaming music catalogue, and 7digital's high-quality MP3 downloads makes them an ideal partner."
- More about:
- Digital Music
- Itunes
- Record Companies
- Sony
- Spotify


text:
Sumr Model
Kam MoModel Female Fort Worth, Texas, US
My MM URL: http://www.modelmayhem.com/margok
Mayhem # 804700
About Me
Hello! I created this MM account for networking, and to build my portfolio.I am very professional and easy to work with.
Please feel free to contact me if you are interested in working together. Thanks!
Have you worked with Kam Mo? Add Credits for Kam Mo! >>
Credit Notes
Celebrity Fashion Experience II- March 2011
GPS Fashion Show- November 2010
Road Remodel Production and Fashion Show- November 2010
Albertex Photography
Candice J-Photographer
Reggie Thomas-Photographer
Rick Rhodes-Photographer
Laura Caldwell-Photographer
Loading Content

subset: commoncrawl


text: Divxturka.net is using Redbunker! Because Redbunker is better than Hotfile, Netload and Rapidshare ! Click here and buy REDBUNKER premium account! Plot: Adam (Sturgess) is an ordinary guy in an extraordinary universe. He lives humbly trying to make ends meet, but his romantic spirit holds on to the memory of a girl he met once upon a time from another world, an inverted affluent world with its own gravity, directly above but beyond reach… a girl named Eden (Dunst). Their childhood flirtation becomes an impossible love. But when he catches a glimpse of grown up Eden on television, nothing will get in the way of getting her back… not even the laws of science Genre: Drama | Romance IMDB rating: 6.2/10 from 1,580 users Directed by: Juan Diego Solanas Starring: Kirsten Dunst, Jim Sturgess and Neil Napier Release Name: Upside.Down.2012.720p.BRRip.x264.AC3-JYK Size: 2.28 GiB Video: MKV | 1280×570 | 2585 Kbps Audio: English | AC-3 | 384 Kbps Runtime: 1h 47mn Information: Code: http://www.imdb.com/title/tt1374992/ Download: Code: http://www.redbunker.net/oh74d0ucrnzo/Upside.Down.2012.720p.BRRip.x264.AC3-JYK.part1.rar.html http://www.redbunker.net/v63djtsvsftj/Upside.Down.2012.720p.BRRip.x264.AC3-JYK.part2.rar.html Screens:


text:
Highlights / General details
"Sunwapta" is the Stoney Indian term for 'turbulent river' and this river lives up to its name. With a steep gradient and numerous rapids this is Jasper's wild water rollercoaster ride. The only class 3 located fully within Jasper National Park it offers spectacular scenery and good wildlife opportunities. Don't miss the high water mid-June to late July!
Guided rafting tour.
Food and beverage; Gratuity.
Hours of operation
Available: Daily, May 16 - September 10; Departs at 9:30am and 1:30pm.
Tour is approximately 4 hours.
Departs from 632 Connaught Drive, Jasper Alberta T0E 1E0.
Additional Information
This trip does not require any previous experience and are suited for physically active individuals.
Please wear a swim suit under your clothes. Wet suits are to be put over your swimwear at the river side. Please bring snacks and water.
Participant restrictions
Participants must be at least 12 years of age.
Weight restriction of minimum 90 pounds.
Pregnant women up to 6 months can participate.
There is a minimum of 2 passengers per booking.
Complete information, including local telephone numbers at your destination, will be included on your Confirmation Voucher.
**All information requested must be supplied or booking is subject to automatic cancellation**


text:
"The impacts of climate change are already here and those who manage our landscapes are already dealing with them." ~David Hayes, Int. Dept.
SUMMIT COUNTY —The Obama administration is launching an ambitious effort to create a climate-change adaptation strategy aimed at reducing the vulnerability and increase the resilience of fish, wildlife, plants and the communities that depend on them in the face of climate change.
Starting with identifying and describing the current and projected climate change impacts on the eight major ecosystems of the United States, the administration hopes to develop collaborative strategies and actions that agriculture, energy, transportation and other sectors can take to promote adaptation of fish, wildlife and plants. Continue reading "Global warming: Feds launch wildlife adaptation plan"


text:
Find Hotels in Neve Ativ
Neve Ativ Hotels and Accommodations
Search, compare and book cheap Neve Ativ hotels. Find your ideal Neve Ativ hotel at a great price. Browse reviews, photos and locate your Neve Ativ hotel on the map. Whether you are a budget or luxury traveller, or looking for a Neve Ativ accommodation on a business trip, ZUJI gives you the choice and flexibility so that your memorable stay at Neve Ativ begins here. We know how much a hassle-free booking, instant confirmation and having 24/7 customer support means to you. So look no further. Book cheap Neve Ativ hotels with ZUJI today.


text:
28 October, 2016 |
Bulawayo – There was much pomp and ceremony at Emganwini's newly pegged garden, as DAP (Direct Aid Programme), visited the dusty site adjoining a block of housing.
27 November, 2014 |
A recent visit, by one of Zimbabwe's senior agricultural journalists and magazine publisher, Kari Olivey, boosted the hopes of Bulawayo's community urban farming sector.
12 November, 2014 |
So humble is the Mayor of Bulawayo, Councillor Martin Moyo, that the most senior community father is readily available when contacted by the press and, most importantly, the ratepayers.
10 September, 2014 |
By Chris Tabvura, ZDDT Reporter In a move that Bulawayo's Ward 27's community described as a worthy investment, ZDDT's Pumula South facilitated nutritional garden has become primary source of vegetables for local vendors.
02 May, 2017 |
Ward 19 women, who in February this year underwent a ZDDT/Sally Foundation training on the production of jam, pickles and other related products, made history and scooped a prize on their maiden participation at Zimbabwe International Trade Fair.
15 March, 2017 |
The "train the trainers" concept within the a value-addition cooking programme, a partnership between the Zimbabwe Development and Democracy Trust (ZDDT) and Sally Foundation, aimed at adding value to the trust's various community gardens in the city, has been completed.
04 March, 2017 |
"We did not know anything, but now we know." These were the words of Talita Dlamini, 75, of Ward 19 in Old Pumula, when she gave her testimony on the ZDDT/Sally Foundation value-addition cooking programme in which she participated together with other 15 Community Action Team members.
10 February, 2017 |
The ZDDT/Sally Foundation value-addition cooking programme has left a lasting impression on the participants who said they have learnt a lot.
04 March, 2017 |
"Helping the needy, especially orphans and vulnerable members of the community, has always been within me as the chief orphan myself."
23 June, 2014 |
by Chrispen Tabavura, ZDDT Field Correspondent Above: Ald Mabaleka at a ZDDT community graduation ceremony. Bulawayo, Zimbabwe: Describing Israel Mabaleka's work and service will need almost three months, and that will not do any justice to readers nor Mr. Mabaleka.
10 April, 2014 |
By Ntando Sibanda - ZDDT Field Reporter Bulawayo, Zimbabwe. Born to a Christian family in Ezimnyama (Matabeleland South), in 1926, Mrs Polyanna Mahlangu grew up with a strong sense of family and service to the community.
03 September, 2012 |
Denny spearheads ZDDT's Urban Greening Initiative, The Local authority Capacity Building Programme, Nutritional Gardens and Cleaning and Anti-Litter Campaigns in Gweru.


text:
Members of the Knox City Administration, City Judge Charles Hasnerl, and Prosecutor Nicholas Bourff came before the Starke County Council this week seeking guidance in a request for Pretrial Diversion funds. The city administration is trying to find ways to lessen the $80,000 loss in the funding of Knox City Court.
Although no action was taken, it became apparent to City Attorney David Matsey and Starke County Attorney Martin Lucas that there was no way the $9000 in question could be used for the funding of the court.
At one point in the discussion, it was again mentioned that the city might discontinue city court and return the cases that come before Judge Hasnerl to the county. That, however, didn't seem to be an area anyone wanted to explore at the meeting.


text:
Alcohol and entertainment licences
Slider boxes
Licence - alcohol and entertainment - premises
Sale by retail of alcohol, late night entertainment, regulated entertainment
Planning an event in Bracknell Forest
Guidance on how to organise an event and responsibilities for organisers
Changes to premises licences
Changes to licences, interim notices, designated premises supervisor, transfers
Was this page useful?Yes No
Thank you. You can provide further feedback on this page using our feedback form.
Popular services
Contact information
Licensing Team
Bracknell Forest Council
Time Square
Market Street
Tel: 01344 352000
Make an enquiry
Related websites
GOV.UK - alcohol licensing
Bracknell Forest Council is not responsible for the content of external websites


text:
Virginia transfer guard Paul Jesperson is considering USC, St. Louis, Northern Iowa, and Florida as possible destinations. A starter in 33 of UVA's 35 games, Jesperson averaged 25.7 minutes per game as a sophomore and very purely was a three-point shooter, connecting on a better percentage of his threes (37.0) than on his twos (34.0). He took an official visit to USC two days ago and an official to Saint Louis earlier this week.
Rumor Central: Andrew White III visits Syracuse
321dRichard Johnson
Rumor Central: Louisville interested in Andrew White III
327dJohn Wilmhoff
Rumor Central: Malik Newman to ... Western Kentucky?
338dJohn Wilmhoff
Rumor Central: Will Terrance Ferguson play for Arizona?
348dJohn Wilmhoff
Vonleh's expectations in year one
1408dMatt Giles
Jones a high-major target
1408dMatt Giles
Frontcourt critical to Drexel's success
1408dMatt Giles
Praise for Utes' int'l freshman
1408dMatt Giles
Houston's unsung big
1408dMatt Giles
Will Roberson play in 2013-14?
1408dMatt Giles
Will injury jeopardize Bail's season?
1408dJoe Kaiser
Is Jabari Parker a sure one-and-done?
1408dJoe Kaiser
Pepperdine transfer's four finalists
1408dNic Reiner
Three keys to Stanford's season
1408dJoe Kaiser


text:
Fercasacr.com is a 1 year old domain, situated in United States. The domain is linked to the IP address 126.96.36.199 which is provided by the hosting company SingleHop.
It was registered by Jairo Campos . Registration details show that it was registered on 09 Jan 2016 through Go Daddy and will expire on 09 Jan 2017.
The site returns a status code of 200. The site is being served through Apache.


text:
Login/Create Account
Check Out the new Remax App
Ask About This Home
10 acres in Glendale Schools! Exceptional offering with over 5000sf on one level and six car attached garage. Multiple living spaces designed for entertaining including a main floor media room. The home centers around the large kitchen with reclaimed beamed ceiling, walk-in pantry, commercial grade Viking appliances, center island and an abundance of cabinets. The master suite will impress you with its separate study, see through fireplace, wet bar and 12x20' walk-in closet with center island. The unfinished basement in perfect for storms and storage. Don't miss the separate self contained pet room off the garage! This home was carefully designed with everyone in mind.


text:
2015 Transfer Pricing Workshop
This half day workshop which is aimed at SA Multinational Enterprises is designed to educate the audience on SA transfer pricing legislation and application thereof with working examples. This workshop will encompass transfer pricing principles and application from a global perspective demonstrating international principles and relevant case law.
This event is brought to you by:
2017-05-302017 Monthly Tax Update Webinar – May
2017-06-082017 Tax Congress by Shepstone & Wylie - Durban
2017-06-272017 Monthly Tax Update Webinar – June
2017-06-292017 SARS Webinar: 12:30 pm - 2:30 pm session: Topic TBC - 29 June
6 hours agoNew reporting will be costly and time consuming
6 hours agoImprovements to dispute resolution process
2017-05-23NEWS ANALYSIS: New SARS programme smoothes the way for imports and exports
2017-05-23Franchising and Tax: A Complicated Recipe
Section 240A of the Tax Administration Act, 2011 (as amended) requires that all tax practitioners register with a recognized controlling body before 1 July 2013. It is a criminal offense to not register with both a recognized controlling body and SARS.
Rate Our Service


text:
You are currently using an unsupported web browser.
We support the latest versions of these browsers:
If you have any problems while attempting to download a browser, you should contact your organization's system administrator.
For any questions related to Cvent, feel free to contact our Customer Care team.
The "Premier Hotel" is an elegant and stylish hotel in the downtown of Yekaterinburg. 19 comfortable and cozy rooms including standard rooms, studios, and suites are at our guests' disposal. The "Premier Hotel" offers everything both for a comfortable leisure and an ef...
You must be logged in to view contact information for this supplier. Sign up for a free Cvent account today.


text:
Here is a QUICK way to
search this site for what you need.
Just click on the Search this Site
magnifying glass and you'll be
taken to our Search Page – Thanks!
Staci posted at FB: How well do you think it would work if I run my garlic through a food processor just a bit and then spread the small chunks out on my non-stick trays? I love garlic, just find all the slicing very time consuming.
Hi Staci! Thanks for posting. I'd say "give it a go!" and I'm glad to see that you're going to use your non-stick TRAYS i.e. the fruit-roll sheets – otherwise the garlic would just drop through the holes on the regular non-stick sheets.
Have you tried using a slicer? There's several good ones over at Amazon.com.
Another good point about slicing is that when the garlic is dry, it's very easy to crumble up in your fingers to add to recipes and isn't at all sticky like it is when it's fresh! :-)
Cheers, Susan
This just in from Nancy: I dehydrated a load of Italian summer
squash – but didn't steam first – I left it in the unit about 16 hours
and it is still a bit pliable. Do I need to dehydrate longer, or is this
b/c I didn't steam?
Hi Nancy – Try conditioning your summer squash first before dehydrating it some more. If it still feels sticky at all, put it back on the dehydrator for a few hours tomorrow. I honestly can't say one way or the other if the lack of steaming has something to do with this. Let us know how the conditioning turned out.
I tried canned potatoes and they turned a golden dark brown color, I
did rinse them before I started. Any idea why they turned brown? I'm
using an Excalibur and dried them to the setting they recommended in
their booklet.
Hi Kathy, take a look at the potatoes in MY photo, they too are a bit on 'the brown side'! Nothing to worry about, when apples and potatoes, for instance, turn brown, it's called 'oxidation' and occurs naturally when the cut surface hits the air. When re-hydrated, they pretty much return to 'normal' color! Thanks for posting – Susan
I've dried my apples with the peel on, and they taste better than
without ... I soak them in a bit of lemon juice and then onto the
dehydrator ... I have containers full of them, friends from Vermont USA
are asking me to send them to them ... I make enough for me and yes I do mail some to my friends. Helen, in Ontario
Hey Helen, plus the skin contains LOTS of nutrients too! You've got some lucky friends there! Thanks for posting at Facebook! :-)
Hello Susan – I Have a Question. Can you dry out Ham that has already been cooked and frozen? Can I defrost it then dehydrate it? Need to know, Thank You! – Helen in Ontario.
Hi Helen! Yes, you certainly can dehydrate cooked ham, let it thaw, then slice it EVENLY, and off you go! Thanks for all your posts! I enjoy reading them! :-)
Brenda asks: Do you sell the oxygen absorbers or recommend a place to buy them ... and are some better than others? Thank you.
Hi Brenda, thanks for writing! I don't sell oxygen absorbers direct, but I do suggest Amazon.com to purchase yours from (I get mine there), so look for any Amazon ads over in the right hand columns on the site's pages, and it'll take you straight to Amazon so you can order yours. There doesn't seem to be many different brands available, so I can't honestly answer if "some are better than others". Cheers, Susan
Gloria posted on Facebook: What are oxypacks and are they absolutely necessary?
Hi Gloria, check out our oxygen absorbers page (click on that link, it'll take you to the page with the info. you need!) For long-term storage, yes, they're necessary! Thanks for posting!
Staci posted: Maybe I do need to get a slicer. Any one you would recommend?
Hi Staci, my slicer is manufactured by "Progressive International." Go to my Marketplace page – when there, scroll down a bit, and you'll see "Slicers – Manual, Auto" – click there, and you'll find an assortment.
The one I use and love is the very first one listed!
If you click on it, it'll bring up the product details and you can add it to your shopping cart at the top, right.
Or just click the big orange button named "Add to Shopping Cart" which is directly linked to Amazon.com, so no worries there!)
Have a Super Day Staci!
Can I set my dehydrator out on the back patio so I don't get the odors in the house? - Jamie
Hi Jamie, yes you can as a last resort, but remember that it may take longer to dry foods in humid weather – and you'll have to keep an eye out for rain/electrical hazards, and insects, birds etc. If it's a covered patio/porch with screened windows, then that's the ideal place for odorous onions!
Glen in Canada wrote in to ask: Can I dehydrate eggplant and daikon radish and if so how?
Hi Glen, you certainly can dehydrate both veggies. Treat the Daikon Radish like carrots, and save the radish's greens for salads! For the eggplant, remove the outer skin (if you wish – I leave mine on when I make ratatouille as I love to see the color in the pan!), slice evenly or cube it evenly, and blanch for a few minutes in boiling water. Drain well and let it cool. Dehydrate the eggplant until it is quite brittle – and can take as long as 12 hours. Thanks for writing in – Susan
Renee posted: Where can I get the vacuum pouches? As in the potato picture?
Hi Renee, the food vacuum bags are available on this page. Simply click on the photo, or look for the ad They are sold by DC Sales Enterprises, Inc. They are the very same bags I trust and use. Cheers, Susan
Mary Jean asks: Do you have to blanch the cauliflower? What happens if you don't?
Hi Mary Jean, if you don't blanch the cauliflower, not much happens really. It's advisable to blanch it though, as it helps it to keep its flavor and color. Blanching also helps prevent spoilage. On the other hand, if you use frozen cauliflower, you don't need to blanch it at all, but if you're lucky enough to have your own growing out in your garden, then go the blanching route. Thanks for posting!
Karen posted: My onion pieces are turning brown ... I thought they needed to be crumbly dry so I kept on drying them. If they just need to be leathery, can I quit?
This is my trial run.
I like your idea about making onion rings. Thanks. I am a newbie to the dehydrator!
Hi Karen, 'brown' is OK!
They need to be quite dry, and crispy to the touch.
Don't forget to let them 'condition' overnight in a Ziploc bag on your counter-top before vacuuming packing. Thanks, Susan.
CLICK HERE to send your question to us! Thanks!
to send your question to us!
Don't Forget To SIGN UP for Six Simple Steps!
Learn how to keep a full pantry – for any reason or season!
Click the little girl's basket of apples to find out all about it!
Don't Forget To
SIGN UP for our Six Simple Steps!
Learn how to keep a full pantry –
for any reason or season!
Click the little girl's basket of
apples to find out all about it!
May 13, 17 11:18 AM
How to build websites with SBI in Two Words: Very Easily... and you don't have to know any html to get started! Join us...
May 13, 17 11:13 AM
About Me and SBI and Easy Food Dehydrating
May 04, 17 03:10 PM
It's blueberry pie time! Mar wrote in to ask this: "Do you HAVE to blanch blueberries prior to dehydrating?" Answer is right here!
Apr 01, 17 02:05 PM
Dog Food Chicken Chow - Our Miniature Pinscher's Favorite Food... made with love straight from your kitchen using fresh or dehydrated ingredients you already have in your pantry! ...
Read More of our Blog Posts Here


text: Home Postproduction Producer Ava Rant Ava Rant Postproduction Producer Title Medium Date Reach Out and Touch Someone You Love -- Literally -- With GSP Beta Group's New App Interactive (video) Aug 27, 2013 Project Management Title Medium Date Is This the Year's Best Ad? The Andy Awards Would Have You Think So Video Dec 16, 2015 Project Manager Title Medium Date Can You Guess Who's Behind This Adorable Father's Day Ad? Video Jun 16, 2016 Project Manager Title Medium Date Equinox Gets Audacious in Ads From W&K Video Jan 05, 2015 Equinox Made Me Do It 2015 (slideshow) Print (Slideshow) Jan 05, 2015


text:
Fletcher Hotel-Restaurant De Zalm, Brielle
- Free WiFi and free parking
Main amenities
- 48 guestrooms
- Restaurant and bar/lounge
- Breakfast available
- Terrace
- Daily housekeeping
- Front desk safe
- Laundry service
- Meeting room
- Free newspapers in the lobby
- Luggage storage
- Tour/ticket assistance
- Bike rental
For families
- Cribs/infant beds (surcharge)
- Rollaway/extra beds (surcharge)
- Television
- Terrace
- Daily housekeeping
- Dry cleaning/laundry service
What's around
- Historisch Museum Den Briel (0 mi / 0 km)
- Toren St. Catharijnekerk (0.2 mi / 0.3 km)
- Kleiburg Golf Club (2.4 mi / 3.9 km)
- Droogdok Jan Blanken (6.7 mi / 10.9 km)
- Museum Ship De Buffel (6.8 mi / 10.9 km)
Fletcher Hotel-Restaurant De Zalm, Brielle
Hotel Info: 866-539-8117from $51
- Triple Room, Bathtub
- Triple Room, Bathtub
- Family Room
- Double Room, Shared Bathroom (Budget)
- Single Room, Shared Bathroom (Budget)
- Comfort Single Room (shower)
- Double Room, Shared Bathroom (Budget)
- Comfort Double Room (shower)
- Double Room, Bathtub
- Deluxe Double Room, Bathtub
- Single Room, Shared Bathroom (Budget)
More great choices
At a glance
Key facts
Hotel size
- This hotel has 48 rooms
- This hotel is arranged over 2 floors
- 24-hour check-in
- Check-out time is 11 AM
Required at check in
- Credit card or cash deposit required
- Government-issued photo ID required
Travelling with others
- 1 per room
- Pets allowed (dogs only) *
- Free WiFi in public areas
- Free WiFi in rooms
- Free self parking
In the hotel
- Breakfast (surcharge)
- Restaurant
- Bar/lounge
- Coffee shop/café
- Bicycle rentals on site
- Conference space size (feet) - 699
- Conference space size (meters) - 65
- One meeting room
- Tours/ticket assistance
- Dry cleaning/laundry service
- Free newspapers in lobby
- Luggage storage
- Number of buildings/towers - 1
- Safe-deposit box at front desk
- Terrace
In the room
- Free WiFi
- Daily housekeeping
Also popular with travelers from the USA
Special features
DiningDe Gekroonde Zalm - Onsite restaurant. Guests can enjoy drinks at the bar.
Awards and affiliations
Green / Sustainable Property
This property participates in Green Key (nogle), a program that measures the property's impact on one or more of the following: environment, community, cultural-heritage, the local economy.
Fletcher Hotel-Restaurant De Zalm, Brielle's small print
Also known as
- Fletcher Hotel-Restaurant Zalm
- Fletcher Hotel-Restaurant Zalm Brielle
- Fletcher Hotel-Restaurant Zalm Hotel
- Fletcher Hotel-Restaurant Zalm Hotel Brielle
Special cancellation policies or charges may apply for group reservations (more than 8 rooms for the same property / stay dates).
Mandatory fees
You'll be asked to pay the following charges at check in or check out:
- A tax is imposed by the city: EUR 2.00 per person, per night
- Resort fee: EUR 2.50 per person, per night
Optional extras
Rollaway beds are available for EUR 25 per night
Breakfast is offered for an extra charge of EUR 15 per person (approximately)
Cribs/Infant beds are available for EUR 10 per night
Pets are allowed for an extra charge of EUR 10 per pet, per night
We have included all charges provided to us by this hotel. However, charges can vary, for example, based on length of stay or the room you book.
Is the description of this hotel not correct? Tell us


text:
Originally posted on Larry Brown Sports | Last updated 11/29/12
Most of you have probably heard about how Washington Redskins running back Alfred Morris gets around by now. Despite earning an NFL salary, Morris still drives the same 1991 Mazda sedan that he bought during his junior year of college at FAU. Morris loves the car and said he is never getting rid of it even if he buys a new one, but the old beater nearly made him miss a recent team meeting. According to D.C. Sports Bog's Sarah Kogod, Morris' car — which he has named "Bentley" — would not start when the Redskins returned home from their trip to Dallas earlier this week. As a result, he had to ask one of the women who works in the apartment complex where he lives for a ride to Redskins Park. "When I got back from Dallas, she wouldn't start," Morris said. "I think she was mad at me for leaving her for so long." Morris successfully jump-started Bentley when he returned home later that night, but the winters of Washington, D.C. are a lot harsher than those of Florida. As a result, the Redskins rookie has decided to make a tough decision and put his favorite set of wheels away for a while. "I'm still driving my baby, but for her health I gotta put her up," he said, shaking his head. "It's flu season and stuff. Keep her warm. Loyalty is rare nowadays, so it's something I take pride in. When the weather warms up, she'll come back out." As of now, it doesn't sound like Morris intends to follow in the footsteps of some other players and coaches by ordering a custom Dodge Challenger or buying an expensive classic car. Come springtime he'll be proudly back behind the wheel of his 1991 Mazda 626.
NFL News
Delivered to your inbox
You'll also receive Yardbarker's daily Top 10, featuring the best sports stories from around the web. Customize your newsletter to get articles on your favorite sports and teams. And the best part? It's free!
Follow us on Twitter
|Best of Yardbarker
|NFL News
|MLB News
|NBA News
|NHL News
Today's Best Stuff
For Publishers
Company Info
Follow Yardbarker
|© 2017 Yardbarker, Inc. All rights reserved. Use of this website (including any and all parts and components) constitutes your acceptance of these Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. (What's New?)


text:
TELL anyone in Boston you're going to "the Cape" and the assumption is you're off to Cape Cod, a popular seaside escape to the south and playground for the rich and famous.
But there's another cape in Massachusetts, a jut of land about 50km north of Boston called Cape Ann. While not as glamorous as Cape Cod, Cape Ann with its cliffs and fishing villages is quintessential New England.
Three towns (Rockport, Manchester and Essex) and a city (Gloucester) are popular for their uncrowded beaches, art galleries, restaurants and antique shops.
Cape Ann was named after Queen Anne of England in 1623 by a splinter group of Pilgrims who landed at Plymouth Rock. The early settlers were searching for better fishing areas and founded Gloucester Harbour, which became the fishing centre for New England.
Gloucester is the setting for the book and film The Perfect Storm and it's also the US's oldest seaport, with a busy working harbour filled with lobster boats, trawlers and leisure craft taking visitors out whale-spotting, deep-sea fishing and sailing.
Apart from marine activities, Gloucester is home to one of the US's oldest continuously working art communities, Rocky Neck Art Colony, with many studios or galleries open to the public.
The artistic theme carries through to Rockport.
There are colourful fishermen's shacks, house art studios, trinket shops and restaurants. A popular paint and photo subject is the fishing shack known as "Motif #1".
After a couple of hours wandering around Rockport's Bearskin Neck, named by fishermen after a bear skin that was left out to dry on the rocks, I wish I had a few more days to explore the craft shops and galleries at a leisurely pace.
Rockport is lobster central, with local fisherfolk selling to the restaurants. Lobster is served just about everywhere: either in a salad, a chowder or a roll.
Lobster rolls are a summer staple in New England the fresh lobster meat is tossed with mayonnaise or butter and served on a grilled roll.
Another culinary staple in New England is the fried clam and Cape Ann is where it was invented. In an old-fashioned booth in Woodman's of Essex I tuck into a creamy clam chowder, a plate of fried clams and onion rings.
The story of how the fried clam came into existence is a bit of a Massachusetts legend, involving Lawrence Henry "Chubby" Woodman and his wife, Bessie, who had a small roadside stand in Essex in 1916 selling fruit, homemade potato chips and fresh clams from the flats of the Essex River.
Clam sales were down but the chip business was booming. A throwaway line by a local fisherman gave them the idea of deep-frying their clams. The couple created a recipe using milk and cornflour and Woodman's fried clams still set the standard.
In the 19th century, Essex shipbuilders built more two-masted wooden schooners than any other shipyard in the world. The Essex Shipbuilding Museum is a drawcard and one of its main attractions is an original ship, the schooner Evelina M. Goulart, built in 1927.
The next town along from Essex is Ipswich and it's worth stopping in at the Crane Estate, once owned by Chicago industrialist Richard T. Crane Jr an 850ha estate now home to a casino, wildlife refuge, gardens and a private beach.
Tour The Great House, with its 18th-century Georgian woodwork, Baroque carvings and Gothic vaulting, then down at Crane Beach, gaze towards the Atlantic and ponder how well the sea has moulded Massachusetts' other cape.
The writer was a guest of The Langham, Boston.
Getting there
Virgin Australia flies from Australia to Los Angeles, with connections to Boston on Virgin America.
Staying there
Langham Boston (250 Franklin St, Boston) is a historic hotel in what was once the Federal Reserve Bank's headquarters for New England. Rooms from $US235 ($230) plus taxes.
Seeing there
The Langham will arrange for a private sedan with a driver ($58 an hour plus 20 per cent gratuity and 8 per cent administration fee) to tour Cape Ann in style. A private tour with Acorn Tours of Boston costs $375 for three hours plus 20 per cent gratuity.
Eating there
Woodman's of Essex, Route 133, 121 Main St, Essex. See woodmans.com
Seeing there
Crane Estate, 290 Argilla Rd, Ipswich, see thetrustees.org/places-to-visit/northeast-ma/castle-hill-on-the-crane.html
Originally published as Clams and lobster in Cape Ann


text:
Hair removal gives shiftless lasers a creative outlet during their spare time, which would otherwise be spent harassing cats and blinding the Hubble Space Telescope. Give a beam a new purpose with this Groupon.
Choose from Four Options
- $99 for four laser hair-removal treatments on a small area ($600 value)
- $149 for four laser hair-removal treatments on a medium area ($1,400 value)
- $249 for four laser hair-removal treatments on a large area ($3,200 value)
- $349 for four laser hair-removal treatments on an extra-large area ($3,400 value)
Dr. Marie Meyers engages clients in brief consultations before a nurse administers four laser hair-removal sessions over the course of separate visits. Wielding a Luminis Light Sheer Diode Laser which removes hair from Light Fitzpatrick Skin Types 1 and 2, the nurse banishes rogue follicles with medical precision, all from the comforts of a spa-like setting. Each treatment lasts 5–45 minutes, depending on the size of the treatment area.
Identity Hair Salon and Spa
Celebrating 50 years in business, Identity Hair Salon and Spa has a menu of services that helps them create new aesthetic personas via French pedicures, braided hair extensions, or Latisse lash-growth treatments. Inside, Dr. Marie Meyers, along with her medical staff, enhances appearances by performing a variety of beautification services, such as Titan Laser Genesis and IPL Foto Facials. The multi-faceted salon and spa attracts a range of clients, including men eager to evict renegade hairs encroaching on their backs. Alternatively, microdermabrasion, Botox, and facial fillers can transform faces that are on the run from a sinister cabal of stamp collectors.
Customer Reviews
7710 Montgomery Rd.
Cincinnati, OH 45236
+15137912555Get Directions


text:
Originally posted on Mets360.com | Last updated 6/11/12
It was a weekend to forget for most on the Mets and Bobby Parnell is among those who would like to erase the games from both his memory and his stat line. Parnell pitched in the last two games of the series and gave up runs in both outings. His line for the two games: 1 IP, 5 H, 3 ER, 0 BB, 2 K, 1 HR and a blown save. The last two games were just a continuation of a recent stretch of poor pitching for Parnell. After starting off the year in dominating fashion, Parnell has hit tough times in his last 12 games. In that span he has a 7.27 ERA and a 1.962 WHIP. Parnell is 0-1 with 3 BS in those 12 games and the team is 5-7. Fortunately for him, Jon Rauch has been even worse which has deflected some negative attention from coming his way. Parnell is doing what he always does – piling up strikeouts and hits allowed. In this recent stretch he has 9 Ks and 12 H in 8.2 IP. It's not much different from his hot stretch to start the season, where in 18 IP he had 18 Ks and 20 H. The d...
MLB News
Delivered to your inbox
You'll also receive Yardbarker's daily Top 10, featuring the best sports stories from around the web. Customize your newsletter to get articles on your favorite sports and teams. And the best part? It's free!
Follow us on Twitter
|Best of Yardbarker
|NFL News
|MLB News
|NBA News
|NHL News
Today's Best Stuff
For Publishers
Company Info
Follow Yardbarker
|© 2017 Yardbarker, Inc. All rights reserved. Use of this website (including any and all parts and components) constitutes your acceptance of these Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. (What's New?)


text:
December 7, 2016, marks the 75th anniversary of the bombing of the Pearl Harbor naval base by the Japanese Imperial Navy. In commemoration of this anniversary, the museum has collected and digitized a series of letters written by a civilian, Beth Slingerland, as she watched the attack from her home in the hills above Pearl Harbor.
Honolulu, [Territory of Hawaii]
Sunday Morning
Between 8-9 Am.
Under Attack by an Enemy – Japan
Dearest Mother and Dad,
How can I write at such a time? I have to do something because I can see the smoke pouring up into the air from Pearl Harbor and the sound of the guns and the bombs bursting in the water right before us keeps me in such a nervous state that I must do something. John is at Pearl Harbor. He left early this morning because he was supposed to go today—they have been rushing so. I know they have hit places there because I see so much, much smoke.
Beth was a teacher and lower school director at the Punahou School in Honolulu. Her husband, John, was a hammerhead crane operator working as a civilian employee at the naval base. During the surprise attack, on a previously quiet Sunday morning, nearly 200 Japanese planes flew over Pearl Harbor, dropping bombs and raining gunfire on the largely undefended American fleet.
The guns began some time ago but I thought they were our own usual gun fire. Then I just got nervous and went out to take a better look to discover all the smoke and just then great spouts of water began rising out of the ocean. . . . The great spouts rose all about some of our battle ships. . . . I turned on the radio just in time to hear that we were under attack by "the Enemy". All I can think of is John down there where they are [attacking.] How do people face bravely the fact that their husbands are in places where they may be killed any day and I can't get any news, of course, and I do not know how long it will be before I shall know anything. I love him so I can't look into the future without him.
A second wave of attack came shortly after the first, with roughly 170 Japanese planes converging on Pearl Harbor. By the end the Japanese had damaged or destroyed more than 18 American ships and over 300 American planes.
Another attack came and I watched it. My only comfort is being up here where I can see so much. Eight Japanese planes flew over the house on to Waikiki and out to sea. Their big red circles showed up so plainly. Lots of planes were high and the anti-aircraft tracer bullets are all over Pearl Harbor. . . . I can see our ships guarding the entrance to the Honolulu Harbor. At times the bombs fall about these ships. Right now things are more quiet but I can still feel the jar of the big guns. . . . I can see lots of smoke in back of the big hangers at [Hickam] Field. . . . Where I sit to write this I can look out all over the sea so I watch and write at the same time. No planes are in the sky right now. . . . What I thought were submarines seem to be cruisers and destroyers. The water is breaking high over them.
…More enemy planes have come since I wrote last. . . . Big fires burst out below and are still raging with great flames shooting up into the air. . . . We hear planes and then we see the tracer smoke puffs of the anti aircraft being fired from Pearl Harbor.
Although the entire attack lasted only a few hours, by the end almost 2,500 Americans had been killed and over 1,000 more had been wounded. Happily for Beth, her husband was not among those killed.
…[At] about four-thirty or five…I heard the familiar sound of John's [shoes] coming up our driveway and I do not ever remember hearing anything more welcome.
[John's] experience had been very horrible and I imagine it will be a long time before he is back to his old self again. He heard the unusual explosions coming from Ford Island way, went out to see what was up and beheld the Japanese planes flying no more than 50 feet off the ground coming right before him. The [USS Oglala] was blown up right before his eyes and the men worked hard to get all the men off before she turned over on her side and sank. They were not entirely successful. . . . Then [the Japanese] got three battle ships and three cruisers, and some destroyers. John cannot bear the thought of seeing our beautiful big ships sent to the bottom with just funnels sticking out of the water. Later in the morning he was called to try to move the huge crane…just as more Japanese planes came. He ran to as much cover as he could find but it wasn't enough for from the rear of the planes flying low they machine gunned at him and one young man. The bullets so close lent wings to their feet and they threw themselves over some sort of a high iron wall…so that they were between that and some cement. A piece of shrapnel came through a hole and scraped his side but not seriously, thank goodness. . . . He dug the shrapnel out of the cement after all was quiet and brought it home. I had no idea how jagged and heavy they would be.
They fought fires and did all kinds of things all day. The last big raid came at about twelve o'clock. His praise for the boys on the USS Pennsylvania knows no bounds. He said that they were at their posts so quick that he cannot even know now how they managed to do it. They had their [anti-aircraft guns] at work almost immediately.
The next day, on December 8, President Franklin Delano Roosevelt addressed a joint session of Congress describing the attack and memorializing December 7, 1941, as "a date which will live in infamy." Following his speech the United States officially declared war on Japan. Three days later Germany and Italy declared war on the United States. America had now officially entered World War II.
The islands have been put under military rule. . . . Do not worry unduly for now things are really organized as they have not been and the whole island is on its toes. I am sure that the army and navy will handle the situation much better – now that they know the enemy has arrived.
I am so glad you are not here. It isn't that I am afraid to be here but it is nice to know that you are safer where you are just now. . . . It will all end right I know, only it is hard to really know war has actually begun.
Much, much love to you all and have a Merry, Merry Christmas even if you do wish we were with you, as I know you do. We are together here and we love it here and this will all be over eventually.
Love from,
The war would last almost four more years, involving over 30 countries and resulting in more than 50 million deaths. The Slingerlands remained in Hawaii during the war, with Beth continuing to teach at the now army-occupied school and John continuing to work at Pearl Harbor. After the war they moved to Washington state, where Beth became a well-known educator and pioneer in the field of dyslexia. She founded the Slingerland Institute for Literacy in 1977, which continues to train teachers around the world to work with students with dyslexia. Beth and John were happily married for 64 years until Beth's death in 1989 at the age of 89. John passed away three years later at the age of 92.
Digitized copies of Slingerland's letters and envelopes are available here, including transcripts.
Patri O'Gan is a project assistant in the Division of Armed Forces History. She has also blogged about how Americans served in World War I.
It's often said that necessity is the mother of invention, but it can be the father of invention too. Here's the story of an innovative father whose solution to an everyday problem is still in use today.
On November 14th, 1961, David and Doris Wagner of Illinois welcomed Jane, their fourth child and first daughter, into the world. Feeling that their family was now complete, Doris soon began taking oral contraception.
The Food and Drug Administration had approved the first oral contraceptive pill only about two years before, in May 1960. Soon known simply as "the pill," it quickly gained popularity, taken by over 1 million women by 1963, most of whom were married.
The oral contraceptive promised a convenient and reliable form of birth control, but it also demanded a certain amount of attentiveness and discipline on the part of the user. When first developed, the pill was dispensed in a bottle of twenty—one pill each day for twenty days, five days off, and then the cycle began again.
Nevertheless, David Wagner explained to historian (and former National Museum of American History curator) Patricia Gossel, "there was a lot of room for error in whether 'the pill' was actually taken on a given day... I found that I was just as concerned as Doris was in whether she had taken her pill or not. I was constantly asking her whether she had taken 'the pill' and this led to some irritation and a marital row or two."
The couple eventually developed a system of laying the pills out on a makeshift paper calendar on the bedroom dresser, which worked well enough for a time. "This did wonders for our relationship," Wagner stated. "It lasted for about two or three weeks until something fell and scattered the pills and the paper all over the floor."
Realizing that the system necessitated a kind of carrying case to be truly efficient, Wagner began sketching ideas.
His background in engineering helped him to build a prototype dispenser using just "a ¼' drill, a fly cutter to be used in the drill, paper, a saw, a staple, pencil, double-faced transparent tape, several drill bits, a snap fastener that [he] took off a child's toy, and several flat, clear sheets of either acrylic or polycarbonate plastic." In choosing a shape, he made the case "indistinguishable from a lady's cosmetic 'compact' and adapted to be carried among the personal effects of a lady in a purse without giving a visible clew [sic] as to matters which are no concerns of others." His prototype is recognizable as the father of the still familiar compact-shaped dial packs for oral contraceptives.
David received a patent for his invention on August 4, 1964. Nearly every American pharmaceutical company who brought a birth control pill to the market in the 1960s employed some adaptation of his design. Though other forms of packaging have since joined the market, the compact-style dial pack remains a common sight in medicine cabinets (and purses) throughout the country.
Come see the pill pack prototype in person! It's on display in the exhibition case The Early Sixties: American Science through August 2015.Can't make it to the museum? Enjoy our digitized collection of historic birth control. Diane Wendt is a curator of pharmacy and public health in the Division of Medicine and Science. Mallory Warner is a curatorial assistant in the Division of Medicine and Science.
Want more stories of American innovation and inventiveness? Join us to explore the theme of American innovation through blog posts, exhibitions, collections, programs, and more.
April Fool's! It is not Yo-yo Heritage Month, so we unfortunately will not be sharing yo-yo facts all month. But we do have a few for you today!
The origins of toys like yo-yos are said to stretch way back to ancient Greece or China, but it is believed that the yo-yo we know today comes from the Philippines, where "yo-yo" means "come come" in one of the local languages. The popularity of the toy in America began growing in the 1920s, when a Filipino bellhop at a Southern California hotel, Pedro Flores, attracted attention with his yo-yo tricks on his breaks. Seeing an opportunity, Flores began manufacturing the toys, and was soon bought out by entrepreneur Donald F. Duncan, who began a wildly popular marketing campaign for yo-yos.
Our yo-yo collections span the decades. Here are a few of my favorites:
This "Musical Ka-Yo" was made in the early 1930s by the Caro Manufacturing Company. "Musical" comes from the holes in the side that cause the steel yo-yo to whistle as it travels up and down. "Ka-Yo" comes from the Cayo Company avoiding the term "yo-yo," which had been trademarked by the Duncan toy company.
Yo-yos and pop culture often go hand-in-hand. This Round Up King yo-yo from the 1950s features cowboy actor Roy Rogers and his horse Trigger. The yo-yo was made by Nebraska's All Western Plastics. The yo-yo's packaging (not pictured) reads: "It's smooth and fast, it's inside walls are slick as glass, no rough wood to catch the string, does all the tricks…it's Roundup King."
For those with memories of the Happy Meal toy and/or appreciation for anything food shaped: The McDonald's Hamburger Yo-Yo of the 1980s.
Yo-yos aren't all fun and games. This yo-yo, manufactured by the Hummingbird Toy Company in about 1990-1991, commemorates Operation Desert Storm, Saudi Arabia. For every one bought in the U.S., one was sent to a serviceman overseas.
Competitors and record-setters take their yo-yos seriously. Trick yo-yos are specially made to perform all the maneuvers you might have tried to master as a kid: "walk the dog," "rock the cradle," "loop the loop." This yo-yo was made by Mega SpinFaktor in 2001, to help yo-yo master Rick Wyatt set a world "sleep" record. "Sleep" is when a yo-yo spins at the end of the line. Wyatt successfully set a new record with this yo-yo in 2001, with 13 minutes and 5 seconds of sleep.
Here's a yo-yo that we here at the museum get excited about! This colorful wooden specimen was made by What's Next Manufacturing Inc in 1995 as part of the BC yo-yo line. It bears a golden Smithsonian Institution sunburst logo.
Take a minute to explore our yo-yo collections online. Which one is your favorite?
Julia Falkowski is an intern in the New Media Department of the National Museum of American History. She has also blogged about hearing historic voices on fragile recordings.
It was a cold January afternoon 150 years ago this week. Joseph Henry, the first Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, was working in his office on the second floor of the building commonly known as the "Castle." He was interrupted by a loud crackling sound from above and, looking up, quickly realized that the building was on fire. The blaze was the result of a stove that had been incorrectly installed in the Picture Gallery on the second floor. When it was all over, the damages to the Castle and its collections amounted to what The New York Times called a "national calamity."
But not all was lost, of course. Today, objects and equipment that survived, and artifacts collected as a direct result of the fire, are housed throughout many of the museums here at the Smithsonian, where we still do our best to guard against fire, flood, and even earthquake. The National Museum of American History holds a number of objects that speak to the legacy of that tragic day as well as the resilience of the Institution.
This telegraph sounder was manufactured by Charles T. and John N. Chester of New York City, a firm that began making batteries and telegraphic equipment in 1855. The sounder is thought to have belonged to Joseph Henry as part of his experimental equipment while he served as Secretary of the Smithsonian. As such, it may well have been housed in the Castle building, where Henry both worked and lived, along with his family. Indeed, Henry's pioneering work in electricity and electromagnetism in the 1830s was instrumental in the invention and development of the telegraph, as well as the electric motor and the telephone.
When it came to telegraphy, however, Joseph Henry was not only concerned with scientific theory. He was also a leading force behind the development of modern meteorology, and as Secretary, he created a network of over 600 volunteer weather observers through Central and North America who would send data to the Institution regarding local conditions. Their timely information was transmitted to Henry by—you guessed it—telegraph.
This beautiful and detailed engraving, a version of the biblical scene of the adoration of the Magi by Hendrik Goltzius, dates to 1594. It came to the Smithsonian when the Institution purchased a large collection of fine art prints and books in 1849 from George Perkins Marsh, an American congressman, linguist, and diplomat who also served as a member of the Smithsonian's Board of Regents. The engravings, numbering around 1,300 in total, constituted the first collection purchased by the nascent Institution and the first public print collection in the nation's history.
In 1865, the print collection was held in the library, which was housed in the West Wing of the Castle, an area that was fortunately spared from damage by the fire, which was concentrated in the center of the building. Later that year, with the fire in mind, Secretary Henry deposited the Smithsonian's library, along with portions of the Marsh collection, with the Library of Congress. Today, some books and prints from this pioneering Smithsonian collection are still held at the Library of Congress, as well as by the National Museum of American History.
Just six years before the fire, Joseph R. Priestley, grandson of the chemist Joseph Priestley, donated his famous grandfather's burning lens and condensing air pump to the Smithsonian Institution. Secretary Henry, who was against the idea of the Smithsonian Institution becoming a national museum, nevertheless presented the objects to the Smithsonian Board of Regents as precious scientific relics. He described the lens as, "undoubtedly connected with the history of one of the most important chemical discoveries of the latter part of the last century," referring to its use in the discovery of the gas oxygen. Sadly, as the apparatus room of the Castle went up in flames, so did Priestley's lens and air pump.
Priestley, however, would once again find his place at the Smithsonian in 1883. After hearing of the death of a Priestley descendant, Secretary Spencer Baird (Henry's successor) wrote to the surviving family members inquiring about the potential to donate more Priestley relics. The Smithsonian, he was careful to note, had recently completed the construction of a "thoroughly fireproof building" (today known as the Arts and Industries building) where the new donation could be stored.
Perhaps convinced that these objects wouldn't also meet a fiery fate, the family agreed to the gift. Today, the gift, comprising more than 20 pieces of glassware and scientific instruments, remains an important part of the museum's Chemistry and Electricity collections.
Timothy Winkle is an associate curator in the Division of Home and Community Life. Mallory Warner is a project assistant in the Division of Medicine and Science. The Smithsonian Institution Archives has more about the January 24, 1865, fire on their blog and in historic correspondence.
Curator Dr. Katherine Ott invited students in Dr. Samuel J. Redman's Museum/Historic Site Interpretation Seminar to explore the museum's collections and write blog posts sharing their research.
On the surface, disability history and social networks such as Pinterest do not appear to have anything in common. One is a story of a fight for the passage of laws, such as the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) of 1990, which prohibited discrimination on the basis of disability. The other is a popular social media site that allows people to exchange information and ideas on everything from recipes, to crafts, and more.
However, the answer to the question is quite simple: Pins! Disability rights activists used pins for clothing (also called buttons or pin-backs) to convey quick, simple messages aimed at raising awareness for disability issues as well as trying to convince people to support the passage of the ADA.
As a person who grew up during the digital age, I have to confess that I thought pins were a thing of the past. It was not until my friend Chelsea showed me her backpack covered in buttons that I realized how wrong I was. When I asked her what was so special about buttons, she told me that the pins served multiple functions. For Chelsea, they are a way to "add personal flair to an accessory." She told me that many of her pins were gifts from friends and that "it always feels good to carry something with you that is both portable and has sentimental value." On the other hand, Chelsea also uses the pins to raise awareness for a number of issues, including her union, body positivity, gender politics, and reproductive rights. In this way, she uses them "to show solidarity with other activists in the community, or peers who might be struggling with these issues."
Chelsea showed me that despite the proliferation of digital pins, physical pins still have the power to spread messages while also serving as a neat collectible. The power of physical pins made me wonder just how long these pins have inspired similar feelings of activism and collecting. I found out that political pins have been used for hundreds of years. Commemorative garment pins were used for every presidential election or administration. The museum even has a clothing button souvenir from George Washington's inauguration!
In the 1820s, political candidates began to use buttons and other material objects specifically for campaigning purposes. In 1893, a Boston woman named Amanda Lougee invented a button where a textile surface was covered by a thin sheet of transparent celluloid (a material considered the first semi-synthetic plastic) with a fastener on the back. The Whitehead and Hoag Company from New Jersey acquired the patent to her design in 1896. According to Roger Fischer, author of the book Tippecanoe and Trinkets Too: The Material Culture of American Presidential Campaigns, 1828-1984, "no other innovation in the history of material culture in American politics ever gained acceptance so rapidly or on such a massive scale." Lougee's design is basically the same as modern-day buttons; the only real difference is the current use of paper rather than textile.
In the early 20th century, pins became easier and cheaper to manufacture, which facilitated their use by politicians and activists alike. Disability activists certainly used this easy method of increasing awareness. One interesting pin in the museum's collections is one that says "National Committee, 504, We are Watching" with a caricature of Ronald Reagan. The number "504" refers to Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, a predecessor to the American with Disabilities Act. The presidential administration of Ronald Reagan often sought to weaken the regulations of Section 504 and successfully eliminated disability benefits for nearly half a million people. Thus, this pin represents the views of a person who disapproved of the actions of Reagan and promised to continue watching the administration.
Physical pins have a long history in American culture; digital pins are much newer, but the digital version certainly has a significant place in current activism and communication. On Pinterest, users post virtual pins to boards based on a theme, such as Activism, Recipes, History, Places to Go, or Disability Pride. Though many users' pins focus on crafting or fashion, there are no limits to the themes. The Smithsonian actually has many boards that showcase museum collections, such as Critters in the Collection and Fashion Backward.
The pins also contain links to their original source (i.e. a website). Physical pins work the same way. Through short, pithy sayings, the pins entice people to ask a wearer about what the button refers to. It's the same thing as when Twitter users post short messages with a hashtag. If Twitter had existed during the fight to pass ADA, many activists might have used tweets containing #ADA or #SignTheBill, not only to draw awareness to their message but also to connect to the wider community of activists.
No matter what pins people wear on their clothes or on their social media pages, they ultimately are an expression of interests and causes, as well as membership in a wider community of people who share the same views. Anybody looking at my Pinterest page could immediately see that I am a graduate student from the Midwest/Upland South who loves pithy quotes, Christmas, and innovative home designs. Other people use Twitter, Instagram, and Facebook to convey their interests, often through the use of quick, catchy slogans, hashtags, or graphics—all of which could have been used on clothing pins in earlier times.
Today, buttons are still fairly cheap and proliferate at social activities, sporting events,and rallies. Of course, social media pins and tweets are even cheaper and quicker, but it seems that physical pins have quite a bit of staying power for not only spreading political messages but also as a neat collectible.
Rebecca Schmitt is a graduate student in the Public History Program at the University of Massachusetts, Amherst. She is also an avid social media user and has a Pinterest board dedicated to all things history, featuring pins of objects from the Smithsonian collections.
Happy 100th Birthday, Les Paul!
June 9, 2015, is an important day for the guitar and music world: It is the centennial of the birth of electric guitar icon and innovator, Les Paul, who was born in 1915 in Waukesha, Wisconsin. An American jazz, blues, and country guitarist and songwriter, Les Paul is remembered for his experiments with innovative recording techniques and with solid-body amplified guitars.
In a salute to one of the grandfathers of the unforgettable sound of the electric guitar, we are taking a moment today to look through the array of electric guitars in the museum's collection. Did you know that we have over 90 acoustic and electric guitars and bass guitars in our musical instruments collection? Join us as we share five electric guitars from the collection, highlighting exciting moments in history that led to the electric guitar as we know it today.
The concept of an electric guitar, or a guitar amplified "by means of electricity," started in the era of big band jazz, early recordings, and radio broadcasting, around the 1920s and into the 1930s, all around the singular challenge of making the guitar louder.
There were many early inventions and experiments that explored this challenge but, as we know today, what truly won out was the solid body electric guitar. Les Paul is widely known for his first attempts at a solid body guitar, nicknamed "the Log," developed in the early 1940s.
The Slingerland Company based in Chicago introduced a solid-body electric guitar for commercial sale in 1939 in their company catalog. Seen above, the guitar echoes the traditional "Spanish-style" acoustic guitar shape adapted to a solid wooden body with a combination of magnets in its pickup to capture string vibrations. While Slingerland stopped producing electric instruments in the 1940s to focus on percussion instruments, this guitar is possibly the earliest solid-body electric guitar on record.
By the 1950s, the solid-body electric guitar had risen significantly in popularity, largely thanks to the jazz, blues, and country musicians who explored new sounds and ways to play with this electrified instrument. But what about the other stringed instruments in a band? In 1951, Leo Fender—whose company created the iconic Fender Telecaster and Stratocaster solid-body electric guitars—introduced the first electric bass that could be worn and played like a Spanish-style guitar.
The Precision Bass (or "P Bass" as it is usually known today) revolutionized the music world as it took the stand-up bass, an instrument that was difficult to transport, tune, and amplify, and simplified it down to the essentials. While there were already electrified versions of the upright bass, the ability to play the bass like a guitar was groundbreaking and its amplified voice became a musical sensation.
With the arrival of the 1960s, the cultural revolution of rock and roll was in full swing. Guitarists were less and less interested in the clean sounds that earlier musicians had sought to achieve and instead began experimenting with ways to create a more unique electric guitar voice that suited their own particular music and sound.
This Danelectro Silvertone acoustic-electric guitar belonged to Jesse Fuller (1896-1976) who purchased it from a Sears store in Detroit when his original guitar was stolen and he needed an instrument for a gig later that evening. A blues and folk music one-man-band, Fuller would play his guitar along with a harmonica, percussion and a foot-operated double-bass, which he built himself and dubbed "fotdella." Talk about unique sounds and innovations!
The search for even more volume with the rise of heavy metal music and the power chords, flashy solos, and raunchy sounds that defined rock and roll in the 1970s and 1980s led to changes in both the technology of the electric guitar and the aesthetic design.
In the 1970s, Eddie Van Halen began to experiment and push the limitations of his instruments, and ended up building his own electric guitar using the body of a Stratocaster and pieces and parts from other guitars. The end result was an instrument lovingly nicknamed by his fans as "Frankenstein," which he decorated with strips of colored tape.
As guitarists sought to establish increasingly personalized musical styles, the visual design of guitars began to blossom. Because solid-body electric guitars don't depend on the physical shape to produce sound (as compared to hollow-body acoustic guitars), musicians and manufacturers alike could experiment more with the design and shape of the instrument itself. For music genres from heavy metal, to psychedelic rock—the guitars themselves became identifiable "signatures" of those styles.
Musicians were equally focused not only on the sounds they could tease out and create with this instrument, but also with the look. One of the best examples of this is none other than Prince's Yellow Cloud—which he designed himself and adorned with his distinctive symbol along the fingerboard.
So, are you ready to become a guitar expert and to learn more about the electric guitar's invention, commercial success, and design? Now that we've sampled a little bit of each decade, take a moment and journey through The Invention of the Electric Guitar online exhibit by the museum's own Lemelson Center for the Study of Invention and Innovation. It's a fascinating story about the creative people, groundbreaking technology, and inventive American spirit that coalesced to create this iconic instrument.
Megan Salocks is a project assistant in the Office of Programs and Strategic Initiatives, where she focuses on jazz and food history. She recommends that you sign up for the museum's jazz newsletter to learn more.
Today, museum staff members are answering questions sent in to us through social media, particularly Twitter. Here are a few of our favorite questions and answers. We'll update this blog throughout the day on September 16, 2015. Have a questions? Check the schedule to find out who is answering questions at what time and send us a tweet.
What inspired you to become a curator @amhistorymuseum ? #AskACurator— Meghan Mullins (@_mmullins) September 16, 2015
Christy Wallover, Project Assistant in the Division of Armed Forces History: Before I worked in a museum or went to school for museum studies, I was a cultural resources management archaeologist for four years. I excavated sites ranging in time from the archaic period to the turn of the 20th century and anywhere from the Northeast Corridor to the Mid-West. During an excavation in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, I was able to participate in a public program that connected the present community to artifacts that we recovered from excavations from around that area. We made exhibitions and were able to talk directly to the public. The experience changed the direction of my career—I was hooked on museum work.
@amhistorymuseum Have you read the popular #KonMari book about tidying? What are implications for museums if people discard? #AskACurator— dana allen-greil (@danamuses) September 16, 2015
Group answer from staff members on the 10-11 a.m. EDT shift: I haven't read the book but appreciate the recommendation, as someone who values things, joy, and a tidy life. Encouraging people to "discard" could encourage people to contact a museum or archive earlier than they would have, when more information is available. Also, knowledgeable collectors would definitely hold onto objects/papers of significance (or would ask a specialist, like a museum, to help them determine what is significant). And I think some people are collectors and will collect no matter what popular organizing trend is happening. Perhaps this trend toward minimalism means people will go out and see things vs. keep them? That might mean an attendnce boost for museums!
@amhistorymuseum #askacurator What's the weirdest thing used as money in your collection?— lapopessa (@lapopessa) September 16, 2015
Hillery York, Collections Manager for the National Numismatic Collection: We have a selection of feathers from Quetzal birds that were once used as currency in Mayan Culture. This is how Fred ended up in our numismatics collection!
@amhistorymuseum We know a lot about the music and musicians of WWII - USO bands, etc. How about the earlier wars? #AskACurator— Marisa Green (@marisagreen) September 16, 2015
Patri O'Gan, Project Assistant in the Division of Armed Forces History: We have a fairly large collection of World War I sheet music. Patriotic music was very popular before and during the war. Our "Women in World War I" object group has a section on music that contains a lot of great info and links to collection objects. Music was also important during the Civil War. Our Archives Center has a collection of illustrated sheet music from both the Confederate and Union sides of the Civil War.
Favorite moment in a movie or TV show where a Museum was involved? #AskACurator— Erin Leitner (@erinleitner) September 16, 2015
Hillery York, Collections Manager for the National Numismatic Collection: When Parks and Recreation filmed a scene here in our America on the Move exhibition. The episode and related photos are hilarious.
Jennifer Gloede, Project Specialist, National Numismatic Collection: Obivously, "This belongs in a museum!!!" - Indiana Jones
@amhistorymuseum Do you have many Civil War Navy artifacts in your collection? Particularly models, prototypes, etc? #AskACurator— Michael (@georgiadog) September 16, 2015
Christy Wallover, Project Assistant in the Division of Armed Forces History: We have an extensive collection of Civil War Navy objects. For example, we have uniform articles that include a flat hat from a man stationed aboard the U.S.S. Kearsarge as well as a jumper that belonged to Charles Gillette Pratt, who enlisted on August, 29, 1864, and served aboard the U.S.S. Rhode Island. (Both of those objects will be in an online object group coming soon!). The collection also holds numerous objects from Admiral David G. Farragut. We have models of the U.S.S. Monitor and the C.S.S. Virginia.
.@amhistorymuseum How might the currency proofs being transcribed help researchers & Smithsonian staff https://t.co/1EtzxRQbKT #AskaCurator— SI Transcription Ctr (@TranscribeSI) September 16, 2015
Hillery York, Collections Manager for the National Numismatic Collection: These objects give us a detailed look at the intended designs for much of our nation's currency history. The value lies in comparing changes in design and spellings from the approved proof to what was actually circulated and printed!
RT http://t.co/ham3qn2nD6 In what ways can museum professionals support school teachers? https://t.co/h61NOYEhJx— Jamie Loafes (@jamloafes) September 15, 2015
Sage Xaxua Morgan-Hubbard, Youth Programs Coordinator: Museum professionals can support school teachers with professional development trainings such as our free Let's Do History and Teach it Forward workshops for educators on how best to use objects in their classrooms. We also have a twitter feed @explorehistory where we send daily tweets with resources from our vast collections and an incredible amount of lesson plans and activities listed on our website where teachers can find specific exercises, books, and links to specific topics/subject areas and search by resource type, grade level, historical era, and cross-curricular connections. For more information on commonly asked questions from educators please see our FAQ.
@amhistorymuseum did women serve in the armed forces?— Shivani B. (@sbhogaraju) September 16, 2015
Patri O'Gan, Project Assistant in the Division of Armed Forces History: Yes! Women have been serving with the Armed Forces for a long time! Army Nurse Corps was established in 1901. Navy Nurse Corps was established in 1908. June 1948 marked the passage of Women's Armed Services Integration Act, which helped establish women as permanent part of U.S. Armed Forces. Here are a few links you might enjoy from World War I and World War II.
World War I:
World War II:
@amhistorymuseum how do u decide what 2 collect?— Jeanne Benas (@arcsjbenas) September 16, 2015
Katherine Ott, Curator in the Division of Medicine and Science: It depends on how something relates to projects in the works, other objects in the collection, and can we respectfully care for it (size, materials, condition)
John Hasse, Curator of American Music: We seek to take the long view—500 years from now, what objects will endure and help tell the story of the American musical experience?
@amhistorymuseum Is art the most effective way of documenting historical events? #AskACurator Thank you!— Art-i (@official_arti) September 16, 2015
Patri O'Gan, Project Assistant in the Division of Armed Forces History: I would say it's definitely a very powerful way! Especially before photography became more widespread. See World War I American Expeditionary Forces (AEF) Art collection. My favorite is below. It's called "On the Wire."
@amhistorymuseum how do you engage teens so that they situate themselves within the narrative of an exhibit #AskACurator— mary pinkoski (@onelastpoem) September 16, 2015
Sage Xaxua Morgan-Hubbard, Youth Programs Coordinator: This is a great question. There are many ways to engage teens. Many of our exhibits are interactive by design so that teens can use touch screens or games to better understand the narrative of the exhibit. It also is helpful to use our self-guides and prepare the teens before they arrive here for the shows they are going to see. Teens like to be in charge of their own learning as much as possible, so challenge them to do research beforehand or a scavenger hunt competition that makes them dig deeper. You will be surprised by what the teens might enjoy and pay attention to. Each teen is different but our museum is so large, we have something for everyone!
.@amhistorymuseum What are some artifacts that always wow teenage visitors? #AskACurator— Alex Meyers (@IllflexMyears) September 16, 2015
Sage Xaxua Morgan-Hubbard, Youth Programs Coordinator: This depends, but our teens in our summer program this summer especially loved the DJ turntables in Places of Invention. They loved Muhammad Ali's boxing gloves in American Stories, interactive elements in American Enterprise and Object Project. Teens also say that they are "wowed" by the large objects such as the "El" train in America on the Move and Julia Child's Kitchen. There is also always a teen that is blown away by some of our military history objects because "they were really at war." But don't take my word for it. Come in yourself or browse our online collections and see what your teens are wowed by. I bet you will be surprised by what might catch their attention and impress them. I am always surprised by what objects particular teens are impressed by daily.
@amhistorymuseum Do current events/headlines play a role in your collecting practices How do you choose what will make history? #askacurator— Katelyn Coyne (@Kam_Coyne) September 16, 2015
Katherine Ott, Curator in the Division of Medicine and Science: I try to keep on top of current practice and events, for sure. But it is very tricky to weigh the significance of an event for the long term and documentation. I wish knowledge of history was a better predictor.
John Hasse, Curator of American Music: We take the long view, and it usually takes some years to achieve the psychic and temporal distance to put developments into perspective. We use lots of judgment and discussions with our colleagues to determine what ought to be added to the National Collections.
@amhistorymuseum When did doctors learn to sterilize tools & that alcohol killed bacteria? #CivilWarProblems #AskACurator— Matt Barry (@MrBarry628) September 16, 2015
Katherine Ott, Curator in the Division of Medicine and Science: Joseph Lister got that going in the 1860s. He noticed that dressing wounds with bandages soaked in carbolic acid dramatically reduced infections. Sterilizing instruments followed quickly after that.
@amhistorymuseum What is the earliest camera in your collection? Earliest photograph?— C Lundquist-Wentz (@Chels_Talks) September 16, 2015
Shannon Perich, Curator of Photographic History: The Morse Daguerreotype camera was made for the inventor and artist best known for his telegraph. While in Paris in 1839, visiting with Jacque Louis Mande Daguerre, he acquired a daguerreotype lens. There were no camera manufacturers yet, so the box of the camera was made by a furniture maker! The first U.S. patent issued for a camera is the Walcott camera, May 8, 1840. It was tiny and made one little daguerreotype at a time. It's about the same size as a smart phone like this one used by John Paul Caponigro. Think about the difference in the capacity and power!
@amhistorymuseum Roger: What do you find fascinating about studying the history of physics? #AskACurator #AlwaysWantedToKnow— Erin Blasco (@erinblasco) September 16, 2015
Roger Sherman, Curator of the Modern Physics collection: What appeals to me about physics is that it is a never-ending search to find out how the world works, in the most fundamental sense. For many centuries, what we now know as physics was treated as part of philosophy and handled in a speculative way. Then, in the 17th century, the techniques of experiment and careful observation became popular, and physics took off. From then on, we have example after example of clever thinkers, individually or as members of teams, devising and implementing ingenious ways to answer specific questions about nature. As a museum curator, I am responsible for preserving and understanding the instruments, the gadgets, and the apparatus for asking nature these questions. The opportunity for examining, close up, these goodies can be a real thrill.
@amhistorymuseum Is there an easy test to determine if a photo is on nitrate film? #AskACurator— Nicholas Moreau (@nickmoreau) September 16, 2015
Shannon Perich, Curator of Photographic History: I'm not a conservator, but the most pungent identifier of nitrate is the smell. It often has vinegar syndrome. Nitratre film, ironically, usually has the word "safety" on it. If you think you have nitrate film, call a conservator!
@amhistorymuseum Shannon: What's the turning point where photography became more accessible to everyone, not just professionals?— Beth (@happiestmint) September 16, 2015
Shannon Perich, Curator of Photographic History: There isn't a single moment, but the most noted, and perhaps most deliberate was Kodak's 1888, "You push the button, we do the rest" moment when they separated the processing from the picture taking. But each new innovation seems to open the possibilities for more participation. Photography is patented in 1839, but it took until 1842 until there were good mass manufactured daguerreotype plates. That opened the doors for photographers because it was one less step they had to do. The Brownie camera in 1900 at $1, made cameras accessible because they were cheap! So there a lot of moments where entry into photography is made easier depending on your skill level, ambition and economics.
@amhistorymuseum There are lots of everyday things that are radioactive. How does that affect your collecting and scholarship? #AskACurator— Emma Grahn (@e_grahn) September 16, 2015
Roger Sherman, Curator of the Modern Physics collection: Not only are many everyday things radioactive, but to greater extent scientific artifacts embody radioactive materials. Modern Physics has its fair share of artifacts that embody radioactive materials, ranging from some samples representing the refining of radium, prepared early in the 20th century when that novel energy-emitting element was all the rage, up to a trowel with a uranium blade, made for President Eisenhower to lay the cornerstone for the Atomic Energy Commission's headquarters. (In what ought to take some prize for irony, the White House staff, worried about radiation danger, would not allow the President to use it!)
So, radioactivity in the collections is a real concern, and we take it seriously. I have been designated the museum's Radiation Safety Officer, and provided with a Geiger counter. From time to time colleagues call me in to check things, either new acquisitions, or artifacts they find in the collections. It is quite remarkable how many old watches, compasses, and gun sights turn out to have glow-in-the-dark radium paint on them. In almost every case, the radiation itself is not hazardous; what is important is to make sure the material cannot flake off and contaminate things or get on skin. I keep careful records of what is radioactive and to what degree and this is true acros the Smithsonian Institution.
Shannon, what are a few of the necessary characteristics for a photograph to make it into the @amhistorymuseum collection? #AskACurator— YIELD (@yieldmagazine) September 16, 2015
Shannon Perich, Curator of Photographic History: There are so many great photographs out in the world! I look for a photograph or group of photographs that make about how individual lives or stories are connected to larger historical narrative. For example, I recently collected a group of snapshots from about 1910-1960. One photo might not tell me much, but the group of them say something larger about this particular tradition in the U.S. One of my favorites is one in which there is a Christmas tree, a Buddah, and a Menorah. Fine art is one aspect of the collection, as most people would expect, but we collect for the technology, art and history of photography. So, I've even collected a giant IRIS printer to document the history of digital photography.
@amhistorymuseum Working in photog, what do you think about the craze of instagram in museums - people taking pictures of pictures?— Balboa Park Online (@BPOC_SD) September 16, 2015
Shannon Perich, Curator of Photographic History: First let me say, the flash is bad for a lot of paper based art and especially textiles, so that's often where the no photography policy comes from and we all want to preserve museum objects. But, today, to take a picture of something is usually do it out of enthusiasm, appreciation, and desire to remember. Often, we use this kind of act of photography as memory making. But if you take a photograph, give credit to the artist and don't do anything with it that takes away from the artist's integrity and rights!
@amhistorymuseum U have a wonderful museum. Is there any specific item(s) U would like to acquire / display if you could #AskACurator— Dan McKnight (@danmcknight) September 16, 2015
Roger Sherman, Curator of the Modern Physics collection: As most people know, only a small fraction of a museum's collection is on display at any one time, something like 5%. In the past, Modern Physics has had a number of exhibitions, the two most ambitious being Atom Smashers: 50 Years and Atomic Clocks. Both came down many years ago, and at present there is only one single small Modern Physics artifact on display here. It can be a little frustrating to be in charge of a collection filled with remarkable objects, and not be able to put them out for people to enjoy and learn from.
One practical consideration is that many Modern Physics objects are big and heavy. The liquid hydrogen bubble chamber from the Brookhaven National Laboratory is a huge mass of stainless steel and optical glass that weighs many tons and looks like a modern abstract sculpture. It was barely able to fit under the museum's high ceiling in Atom Smashers, and no doubt will not go on exhibit again for a long time.
Another piece from that exhibition appeals to me more, though: the Van de Graaff accelerator from the Carnegie Institution of Washington. It consists of a big aluminum ball on three legs, with a glass tube going up into it, looking very much like a prop from a 1930s science fiction movie. (Could the movie makers of those days have been inspired by it? I wouldn't be surprised.) It was constructed in the early 1930s and, despite its outlandish appearance, it was used for some very serious and important research that shed light on the forces between protons in atomic nuclei. It is so tall that it had to be installed in a special pit in the museum floor, with a staircase going down into it. When the time came to dismantle it, I had to identify, number, and tag every one of the hundreds of pieces that we dismantled it into. That was a huge project, but I like to think that some curator way in the future will be able to put the machine back together thanks to my efforts.
Shannon Perich, Curator of Photographic History: At the Smithsonian, there are over seven hundred (no, that's not a typo!) photography collections. Each will have a specific collecting plan, scope, and use. No doubt one of photography's chief attributes is its reproducibility, so there are photographs that exist in multiple collections. This museum has over twenty photography collections alone! The Photographic History Collection is the largest collection, though, with almost 250,000 images and pieces of apparatus.
@amhistorymuseum What was the state of American physics before WWI? #AskACurator— N3GatorFan (@N3GatorFan) September 16, 2015
Roger Sherman, Curator of the Modern Physics collection: Before World War I, physics in this country was a minor discipline that lacked prestige and did not attract much attention from the general public. At schools and universities, it was generally treated as an academic discipline whose chief value was to train minds in careful thinking and teach that the world is fundamentally an orderly place. Little emphasis was placed on research, and what research there was came from universities.
Industries at that time were far more interested in supporting research in chemistry, and the government provided little support. Nevertheless, the field was growing slowly.
Albert Michelson won the first American Nobel Prize in physics for his optical researches. Experiments by him and others to measure the speed of light attracted attention, and right around the turn of the century Nichols and Hull carried out an elaborate, carefully performed experiment that detected the pressure of light and confirmed James Clerk Maxwell's prediction of this extremely delicate effect. More and more, students with a serious interest in physics went to Germany for graduate work, and came back, building up a corps of young physicists whose accumulated expertise before long began training the next generation here. The result was that by the time of World War II, the nation had built up a highly competent, motivated generation of physicists whose exploits transformed the discipline and brought it to world prominence.
@erinblasco @amhistorymuseum I'd love to hear a favorite story from the history of philanthropy. #AskACurator— Elissa Frankle (@museums365) September 16, 2015
Dan Gifford, Manager, Museum Advisory Committees, and Project Historian: I guess my favorite is actually a whole bunch of stories—women's stories. One of things I find fascinating about the history of charities and giving in American history is the role of women. Women in the 1800s were incredibly active and successful fundraisers, running charitable organizations that often were basically large, complex businesses. And this gave women access to financial worlds, contracts, investments, bookkeeping, etc. –realms that supposedly were reserved just for men. So the history of charities is in part the history of women gaining access to that kind of power… and of course, ultimately demanding more.
@amhistorymuseum Why are alcoholic beverages important to you as a person who studies political history? #AskACurator— Caitlin Kearney (@caitkear) September 16, 2015
Jon Grinspan, Jefferson Fellow, Division of Political History: Alcohol is inherently political, and has been from the start of the country. Some campaigners have used it to rile up voters, or as a cheap give-away to win friends, while others opposed alcohol, preached Temperance and Prohibition, and saw it as the root of all evils, from poverty to prostitution to domestic violence.
Most important, alcohol blurs the line between politics and culture, which is really what I'm most interested in. It makes it impossible to distinguish what parts of a campaign are about ideologies and personalities, and what parts are about getting drunk and hollering in the street.
@amhistorymuseum When was electricity considered a "necessary" part of building a home?— Todmorden Mills (@TodmordenMills) September 16, 2015
Harold Wallace, Curator in the Division of Work and Industry: That depends on who's doing the consideration. Building buyers began demanding electricity in the 1890s in urban areas. But building codes are set at the local and state level and they vary widely. Most codes began including electrical sections in the early 20th century and not all require a building to be electrified. Even today, people can build a recreational cabin, for example, and if they don't want electricity, they don't have to install it. Some interesting history here.
@amhistorymuseum Jon, another Q on where alcohol & politics intersect: What do you think about drinking games and debates/returns watching?— Leslie Poster (@leslieposter) September 16, 2015
Jon Grinspan, Jefferson Fellow, Division of Political History: There's a long history of drinking before, during, and after debates, not just in taverns but in the public square and even in Congress. Before amplification, when debates were held by two shouting men in a town square, the drinking often got out of hand and many spectators couldn't hear the candidates. We have records of all these debates, including the Lincoln-Douglas debates, but very often the audience just heard the drinking going on around them.
And in the Capitol, especially before the Civil War, congressmen often drank openly while their colleagues were speaking. Rachel Shelden wrote about it in her book on the social lives of congressmen before the Civil War.
As for me, I'm not much of a drinking-game guy. I don't like to have to wait for an excuse to pour myself another drink, especially when the debates get dull.
What's more interesting about an artifact, its construction or purpose? @smithsonian #AskACurator— instructables (@instructables) September 16, 2015
Monica Smith, Exhibition Program Manager, Jerome and Dorothy Lemelson Center for the Study of Invention and Innovation: From an invention perspective, I'd say the construction is extremely interesting because it provides insights on the inventive process of the inventor making it. What problem were they trying to solve and why? Then how did they design the solution? Did they do sketches? Build prototypes? What materials did they test and end up selecting? How did they tinker and tweak their design? The 3D product is just the tip of the iceberg of a fascinating creative process!
Hey curators: if you weren't curating at your museum, what's your dream museum at which to curate? #AskACurator— Elissa Frankle (@museums365) September 16, 2015
Jon Grinspan, Jefferson Fellow, Division of Political History: P.T. Barnum's American Museum, in lower Manhattan, in the 1830s through 1860s. He put up something like 10,000 exhibits a year, and always kept his visitors guessing. He often went too far, but no one ever did more to define American museums, or popular culture. I'd like to get to watch a flimflam-artist like Barnum at work.
@Haley_E_Wallace An unusual thing in Object Project is a 7 gallon embellished toilet from around 1900! pic.twitter.com/P9z9A4uPts— amhistorymuseum (@amhistorymuseum) September 16, 2015
@SaraStrack We feature a Campbell's Souper dress in our virtual dressing room activity! http://t.co/RHut5G0jBP pic.twitter.com/awIVpUcRqf— amhistorymuseum (@amhistorymuseum) September 16, 2015
@mdroush We can't save consumers' digital scrapbooks of ads in the same way we saved this: http://t.co/jkc9Mu6nK8 pic.twitter.com/QcSRh1LIic— amhistorymuseum (@amhistorymuseum) September 16, 2015
@IllflexMyears @onelastpoem I always see teens gathered around this Michael Jordan ad: http://t.co/jGA66N5GbP pic.twitter.com/SShBLtyhrr— amhistorymuseum (@amhistorymuseum) September 16, 2015
Erin Blasco is an education specialist in the New Media Department. She's facilitating the Q&A today and appreciates your questions.


text:
London, Sep 12 (ANI): The United Nations has strongly warned Sri Lanka that the world body cannot continue funding indefinitely the huge refugee camps in the north of the country, and asked the authorities to allow the hundreds of Tamil civilians to leave.
The senior UN official in the country hardened their stand when they said the camps should be a last resort for civilians with nowhere else to go.
Sri Lanka faces increasing international criticism over its treatment of the estimated 300,000 civilians held in camps, with the EU poised to cancel a trade concession worth one billion dollars to the government, The Independent reports.
Humanitarian aid groups have complained that conditions in the vast Menik Farms camp, where most people remain behind razor wire are still inadequate four months after the decades-long civil war ended.
"Nothing has changed over the past three months for the people in the camps. They are overcrowded, with poor sanitary conditions and inadequate health care. There are concerns about what may happen when the monsoon rains arrive in the next couple of months," the UK-based Catholic Fund for Overseas Development said on Friday.
The UN's senior official in Sri Lanka, Neil Buhne, told the BBC: "The best solution is, obviously, that as many people leave as soon as possible; and, for the people who have no place else to go, that the site can become an open one."
UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon has also said that he intends to speak directly to Lankan President Mahinda Rajapaksa to protest against the decision to expel the spokesman for Unicef, accused by the government of acting as "propagandist" for the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam.
He will also raise the issue of two UN workers in the Tamil-dominated north arrested in June. (ANI)


text:
GOCE orbit predictions for SLR tracking
- First Online:
- Received:
- Accepted:
DOI: 10.1007/s10291-010-0176-6
- Cite this article as:
- Jäggi, A., Bock, H. & Floberghagen, R. GPS Solut (2011) 15: 129. doi:10.1007/s10291-010-0176-6
- Citations
- 246 Downloads
After a descent phase of about half a year, the Gravity field and steady-state Ocean Circulation Explorer (GOCE) reached the final orbital altitude of the first measurement and operational phase (MOP-1) in September 2009. Due to this very low orbital altitude and the inactive drag compensation during descent, the generation of reliable predictions of the GOCE trajectory turned out to be a major challenge even for short prediction intervals. As predictions of good quality are a prerequisite for frequent ranging from the tracking network of the International Laser Ranging Service (ILRS), Satellite Laser Ranging (SLR) data of GOCE was very sparse at mission start and made it difficult to independently calibrate and optimize the orbit determination based on data of the Global Positioning System (GPS). In addition to the GOCE orbit predictions provided by the European Space Agency (ESA), the Astronomical Institute of the University of Bern (AIUB) started providing predictions on July 22, 2009, as part of the Level 1b to Level 2 data processing performed at AIUB. The predictions based on the 12-h ultra-rapid products of the International GNSS Service (IGS) were originally intended to primarily serve the daylight passes in the early evening hours over Europe. The corresponding along-track prediction errors were often kept below 50 m during the descent phase and allowed for the first successful SLR tracking of GOCE over Europe on July 29, 2009, by the Zimmerwald observatory. Additional predictions based on the IGS 18-h ultra-rapid products are provided by AIUB since September 20, 2009, to further optimize the GOCE SLR tracking. In this article, the development of the GOCE prediction service at AIUB is presented, and the quality of the orbit predictions is assessed for periods with and without active drag compensation. The prediction quality is discussed as a function of the prediction interval, the quality of the input products for the GPS satellite orbits and clocks, and the availability of the GOCE GPS data. From the methodological point of view, different approaches for the treatment of the non-gravitational accelerations acting on the GOCE satellite are discussed and their impact on the prediction quality is assessed, in particular during the descent phase. Eventually, an outlook is given on the significance of GOCE SLR tracking to identify systematic errors in the GPS-based orbit determination, e.g., cross-track errors induced by mismodeled GOCE GPS phase center variations (PCVs).