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Our mission is to help low-income teenagers transform what they believe is possible for themselves and develop the skills they need to become college educated leaders who give back to their families and communities.
Boston, New York City, North San Francisco Bay, Philadelphia, San Francisco, Seattle, Silicon Valley
Ms. Amy Saxton
out-of-school, youth development, leadership, at-risk youth, education, summer, experiential education, mentoring, college access, college success, low-income, youth
Also Known As
Summer Search
Physical Address
101 Howard Street Suite 250
San Francisco, CA 94105
See more addresses
Main Address
San Francisco, CA 94139 USA
Physical Address
101 Howard Street Suite 250
San Francisco, CA 94105
Youth Development Programs (O50)
Education N.E.C. (B99)
Leadership Development (W70)
IRS Filing Requirement
This organization is required to file an IRS Form 990 or 990-EZ.
How does this organization make a difference?
Self-reported by organization
What are the organization's current programs, how do they measure success, and who do the programs serve?
Program 1
Summer Search
Summer Search is a high-impact program that gives low-income students the opportunities and support they need to transform their lives, achieve their own potential, and create change as role models and everyday leaders. We partner with public high schools to select low-income high school students who demonstrate reflection, altruism and performance (RAP) and use a four-pronged approach to help them develop leadership skills as they graduate from high school and continue to college:
1. Year-round mentoring by full-time staff: This mentoring is weekly sophomore year through senior year of high school and several times a semester during the vulnerable first two years of college. It helps students build the skills to be successful in college, such as problem-solving, thinking critically, utilizing healthy outlets, and investing in school. Students also learn to reach out and cultivate relationships, increasing their capacity to be self-advocates. 2. Full scholarships to two private summer programs after sophomore and junior years of high school. Sophomores go on a wilderness leadership expedition, and juniors participate in an academic program, community service trip, or family home-stay abroad. These experiences strengthen students' follow through, leadership, and ability to connect with higher-income peers, all of which readily carry over to college. 3. Practical college support including SAT preparation and college and financial aid advising in senior year of high school and throughout college. In addition to full-time college staff providing direct services, Summer Search's work is supported by partnerships with colleges, college scholarship programs and other non-profits. 4. Focused early college support and then access to our alumni association: our supports and resources for students in college and beyond are focused in four areas: academics and college persistence, career exploration including access to internships and professional skill building coaches and workshops, engagement on campus and in the community, and financial aid and money management.
Program long term success
In 2008 with the help of consultant David Hunter, Ph.D., former Director of Evaluation at the Edna McConnell Clark Foundation, Summer Search articulated our desired outcomes for Summer Search students in a more clear and formalized way. We identified that the work we do should focus on achieving two long-term outcomes, which students begin building the foundation for as high school students. They are:
1. Completion of at least two years of post-secondary education credits (towards achieving their highest educational goals, which for the vast majority of students is a 4-year degree). Research demonstrates that the first year of post-secondary education is the critical period during which students (especially low-income, first-generation college students) are most prone to drop out. The post-secondary retention and completion rates increase significantly after two years.2. Become civically engaged, personally responsible citizens. They should act responsibly in their community and exhibit characteristics of honesty, integrity, self-discipline, and hard work.
Program success monitored by
Summer Search uses an Efforts to Outcomes database (ETO) which allows us to track all program related work, including interactions and assessments of the progress of our students. This data collection provides us with an individual snapshot to ensure each student is progressing towards our desired outcomes.
In addition, our Director of Program Quality, reviews, analyzes and synthesizes data from ETO on the larger scale to ensure we are on track to achieve the results we desire. Program Managers receive bi-monthly reports which provide an overall picture of each site compared to the other sites. Weekly reports are also accessible to keep a closer eye on data tracking efforts and closely analyze any trends.
Program success examples
In 2010, Summer Search continued to break the cycle of poverty:
99% of Summer Search seniors graduated high school (compared to 50% of their low-income peers)
95% went onto post-secondary school (including 92% to college)
91% were first-generation college students
85% of our students are persisting in college
Youth Development
Population(s) Served
Youth/Adolescents only (14 - 19 years)
Young Adults (20-25 years) -- currently not in use
Poor/Economically Disadvantaged, Indigent, General
Financial information is an important part of gauging the short- and long-term health of the organization.
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The people, governance practices, and partners that make the organization tick.
Ms. Amy Saxton
Amy grew up with a front row seat to the fulfillment of the American dream. Her mother emigrated to the U.S. from Panama and became the first in her family to graduate from college. Through hard work and sheer determination, Amy's parents catapulted their family to the middle class, helping numerous family members seeking their own version of the dream along the way. Their message to Amy: "You can be anything you want to be. AND you have to know your community and give back." Amy's life work is built on those words.
Her commitment has been honed in leadership roles across the nonprofit sector. At Summer Search, Amy is our conduit for inspirational energy, drawing on her broad background in leadership, strategy and education to lead the way towards our vision. During her seven years at Bridgespan, Amy developed growth strategies for leading youth development organizations and implemented firm-wide initiatives to recruit and retain employees of color. She has also served as a director at Springboard Forward, where she deepened her expertise on how to fine tune organizations for greatest impact.
Amy's work includes published articles on education, including The Challenge of Organizational Learning, (Stanford Social innovation Review, 2011); Going for the Gold: The Secret of Successful Charter Schools (Education Next, 2009); Aspire Public Schools: Building the Organizational Capacity for Healthy Growth and The Association for the Advancement of Mexican Americans: Focusing for Impact, (2008 and 2006; case studies at Bridgespan.org).
Amy holds an MBA from the Stanford Graduate School of Business, an MA in education from Stanford University School of Education, and a BA in English from Harvard University.
Jim Milligan
Baker Street Advisors, LLC
Term: Oct 2015 -
GuideStar worked with BoardSource, the national leader in nonprofit board leadership and governance, to create this section, which enables organizations and donors to transparently share information about essential board leadership practices. Self-reported by organization
Does the board conduct a formal orientation for new board members and require all board members to sign a written agreement regarding their roles, responsibilities, and expectations?
Has the board conducted a formal, written assessment of the chief executive within the past year?
Have the board and senior staff reviewed the conflict-of-interest policy and completed and signed disclosure statements in the past year?
Does the board ensure an inclusive board member recruitment process that results in diversity of thought and leadership?
Has the board conducted a formal, written self-assessment of its performance within the past three years?


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text: Jack the Ripper vs. Dexter Morgan: a comparison of killers By Katherine Burgess, Winfield High School November 11, 2011 Story Share What defines a serial killer? Most would believe that it is someone who kills a ton of people, but actually a serial killer is anyone who has killed three or more people in a month or more with a period of down time between the murders.There have been so many serial killers in our world, but who is the most notorious? He's known as Jack the Ripper.On Aug. 31, 1888, Jack the Ripper killed his first of five victims in the Whitechapel area of London, England. All five were women and all were prostitutes. Each died from having her throat slit, and all but one had her abdomen cut. Several had internal organs missing.The last victim was killed on Nov. 9, 1888. After that, the killer was never heard from again. Even though the police had suspects, no one was ever lawfully dubbed Jack the Ripper. While Jack the Ripper is the most famous serial killer in the past, who is the most celebrated serial killer of modern times? He is Dexter Morgan. Luckily for the world, Dexter isn't a real person; he's the star of the TV series "Dexter."Dexter is a vigilante of sorts. He only kills men and women who deserve to die and whose death is for the common good.He is very methodical in his work. First, he researches a person's crimes and verifies his or her guilt. Then, he picks his kill spot -- usually somewhere away from roads and cities -- and covers the room with plastic wrap. When he has his prey, he confronts them before the kill, making them feel guilt over their actions. When they're dead, he dismembers their bodies and dumps the parts in the Gulf of Mexico.It could be said that Dexter Morgan is the Jack the Ripper of today's world. Most serial killers have an almost identical criminal profile, and if we assume that profile is correct, Dexter is much like Jack the Ripper. For instance, Jack the Ripper was believed to be a single, middle-aged man that lived alone and kept to himself. He was quiet, so many people didn't even know he existed, and people who did had never thought of him as dangerous.Also, it is believed that he would have had a job were he would be in constant contact with blood so that it would not be strange if blood was found on his shirt. He was thought to have a domineering mother and an absent father, and he was very destructive at a young age. Most obviously, he hated women.By comparison, Dexter Morgan is single (for the most part), middle aged and lives alone. He is a quiet person, who very much keeps to himself. He doesn't hate women, but he has no emotion, so he feels nothing for them. He is a blood spatter analyst, so he works with blood all the time.Dexter was also shaped by his relationship with his mother, but in a different way. She was murdered in front of him when he was very young, and when he was found, he was sitting in a pool of her blood.Jack the Ripper and Dexter Morgan seem so much alike that if Dexter had been alive in the 1800s he probably would have been Jack the Ripper -- or at least the primary suspect. So, who is the better serial killer? Consider these facts: Jack killed five women; Dexter has killed dozens of people.Jack's bodies were always found. For the most part, no one even knows Dexter's victims were murdered and the bodies have never been uncovered.Jack is said to be London's first serial killer. Dexter is one of many out there now. Jack was never close to being caught. Dexter was.Jack's name was Jack the Ripper. People called Dexter "The Bay Harbor Butcher."Some of Jack's victims had internal organs missing, and people believe he took them as a souvenir; Dexter keeps a slide with a drop of the people's blood as his souvenir.Analyze the two madmen yourself and decide which you think would win the prize of Best Serial Killer. There are many movies and books about Jack the Ripper; the resources are at your fingertips. And you can catch Dexter Morgan slicing and dicing every Sunday on Showtime or get caught up on past seasons on DVD.Which would you choose, the Butcher or the Ripper? Story Share Story Share Trending Now 1 Activist Swearengin to challenge Manchin in primary 2 Raleigh County student prepares for National Spelling Bee 3 Senator claims cutting transgender surgeries could save on Medicaid 4 Artist, daughter reusing materials to construct Tyler Mountain home 5 Statehouse Beat: While Justice mediates, Karnes mocks Vaccine intolerant child wants public education Previous Story Game pack a colossal, 'Ico'-nomically friendly bundle Next Story


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How long is the numbing cream supposed to be left on before ematrix treatment?
Doctor Answers 3
Topical anesthetic for eMatrix procedures
The timing of the anesthetic cream depends on the particular type of cream that is used. Typical is approximately 20 minutes or longer.
Web reference: http://www.AdvanceYourBeauty.com
40-60 minutes
Yes, it really depends on the numbing cream and the vehicle. We use 23/7 lidocaine and tetracaine in a gel. This give great numbing, especially after 40 minutes. This is our default Fraxel laser and fractional laser gel as well eMatrix. Great gel- made by pharmacist Andy Tran from myskinpharmacy.com.au
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THE South Australian opposition has backed a review of building indemnity insurance that covers home builders who face losses if their building company goes broke.
QBE Insurance has pulled out of the market in SA, forcing the state government to find a new insurer or underwrite the scheme itself.
The government has indicated it may go down that path and has pledged to have an insurance product available for home builders once QBE stops issuing policies at the end of June.
Opposition treasury spokesman Iain Evans said the opposition would not be opposed to the government underwriting the scheme in the short term.
"We recognise that the industry needs support through what are very tough economic times," Mr Evans told reporters on Monday.
But he said the building indemnity insurance had now come under pressure twice in the past five years, suggesting it was time for a wider review.
"In Tasmania, for instance, they reviewed this system and decided to go with a voluntary scheme which ended up being cheaper for the consumer," Mr Evans said.
"So there are different models around Australia."
QBE last week indicated it was no longer viable for it to remain in the building indemnity insurance market given the increased number of insolvencies involving building companies.
Attorney-General John Rau said the government understood the company's position but was still disappointed.
He said the insurance remained compulsory for builders under current legislation and the government was committed to finding a solution.
"There will be an insurance product available," he said.
Originally published as SA Libs back insurance review


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From Forbes on May 16, 2016:
Heading off its dismal report of a 3.9% same-store sales decline for Q1 2016, Kohl's, the retail favorite of discount-loving shoppers nationwide, recently made a technological splash with the announcement that they were simplifying the brick-and-mortar purchase process by linking Kohl's store credit cards and its Yes2You rewards program together under Apple Pay. The Menomonee Falls, Wisconsin, based chain was the first of just two retailers (the other, BJ's Wholesale Club) to link its store credit card with Apple Pay, and the integration of loyalty rewards into a single-tap mobile transaction indicates that Kohl's is taking a firm step into the digitally-driven retail future.
It seems more intuitive that an announcement of this kind might have been more likely to come from a retailer touting the latest and greatest in technology (i.e. Best Buy) or from a certain competitor making no secret about courting young shoppers with an elevated store experience (ahem, Macy's). Instead, it seems that this sometimes underestimated staple in shopping centers nationwide has beaten its retailing peers to the mobile payment punch, allowing shoppers to double up on their loyalty (vis-à-vis their Kohl's charge and Yes2You rewards) with one tap. The big question remains, though: are Kohl's shoppers ready for Apple Pay? For this new analysis, we'll take a look at some of the barriers that Kohl's may face getting their shoppers to adopt Apple Pay using consumer insights from Prosper Insights & Analytics. Continue reading


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Originally posted on Mets Merized Online | Last updated 1/9/13
"There's no single sport that has the hold on our dreams and fantasies the way baseball does. Sidd has become a symbol, like the cornfield in Iowa." — Myra Gelband, former Sports Illustrated editor _______________________ In an era when Hollywood was creating uniformed ballplayers walking out of cornfields and crushing majestic moon shots in to the New York City sky, the famed George Plimpton was busy crafting a fictional baseball character too: Hayden "Sidd" Finch. He was born on April 1, 1985 by the hand (and mind) of Plimpton and, for at least a day, Finch was real. But, in reality, Sidd Finch was pure fiction. Plimpton's intentions were clear: entertain the reader. If his intentions were to create a plausible baseball player he wouldn't have dreamed up a 168-mile per hour fastball … Or would he? "If you read it carefully, some of the stuff is just ludicrous, not to mention, the speed of the ball," said Lane Stewart, the former Sports Illustrated photographer assigned to illustr...
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text: CS162 Operating Systems and Systems Programming Lecture 1 What is an Operating System? January 23, 2008 Prof. Anthony D. Joseph http://inst.eecs.berkeley.edu/~cs162 Who am I? • Professor Anthony D. Joseph – 465 Soda Hall (RAD Lab) – adj AT cs.berkeley.edu – Office hours M 2-3pm/Tu 1-2pm in 413 Soda • Background: – MIT undergrad and grad student • Research areas: – Current: Network security, OS security, building a large security testbed, attacks against machine learning algorithms – Other: Mobile computing, wireless networking, cellular telephony 1/23/08 Joseph CS162 ©UCB Spring 2008 Lec 1.2 Goals for Today • What is an Operating System? – And – what is it not? • Examples of Operating Systems design • Why study Operating Systems? • Oh, and "How does this class operate?" Interactive is important! Ask Questions! Note: Some slides and/or pictures in the following are adapted from slides ©2005 Silberschatz, Galvin, and Gagne. Slides courtesy of Kubiatowicz, AJ Shankar, George Necula, Alex Aiken, Eric Brewer, Ras Bodik, Ion Stoica, Doug Tygar, and David Wagner. 1/23/08 Joseph CS162 ©UCB Spring 2008 Lec 1.3 Rapid Underlying Technology Change • "Cramming More Components onto Integrated Circuits" – Gordon Moore, Electronics, 1965 1/23/08 Joseph CS162 ©UCB Spring 2008 Lec 1.4 Computing Devices Everywhere 1/23/08 Joseph CS162 ©UCB Spring 2008 Lec 1.5 Computer System Organization • Computer-system operation – One or more CPUs, device controllers connect through common bus providing access to shared memory – Concurrent execution of CPUs and devices competing for memory cycles 1/23/08 Joseph CS162 ©UCB Spring 2008 Lec 1.6 People-to-Computer Ratio Over Time From David Culler 1/23/08 Joseph CS162 ©UCB Spring 2008 Lec 1.7 Increasing Software Complexity From MIT's 6.033 course 1/23/08 Joseph CS162 ©UCB Spring 2008 Lec 1.8 But, Latency Improves Slowly… From MIT's 6.033 course 1/23/08 Joseph CS162 ©UCB Spring 2008 Lec 1.9 Heat is a Major Problem! From MIT's 6.033 course 1/23/08 Joseph CS162 ©UCB Spring 2008 Lec 1.10 Complexity • How to manage complexity at all levels? • Many issues and many tradeoffs • Need a global view of systems – Decompose into components • Need a global understanding of systems – Applications, networks, databases, operating systems, security, software engineering… 1/23/08 Joseph CS162 ©UCB Spring 2008 Lec 1.11 Example: Some Mars Rover Requirements • Serious hardware limitations/complexity: – 20Mhz powerPC processor, 128MB of RAM – cameras, scientific instruments, batteries, solar panels, and locomotion equipment – Many independent processes work together • Can't hit reset button very easily! – Must reboot itself if necessary – Always able to receive commands from Earth • Individual Programs must not interfere – Suppose the MUT (Martian Universal Translator Module) buggy – Better not crash antenna positioning software! • Further, all software may crash occasionally – Automatic restart with diagnostics sent to Earth – Periodic checkpoint of results saved? • Certain functions time critical: – Need to stop before hitting something – Must track orbit of Earth for communication 1/23/08 Joseph CS162 ©UCB Spring 2008 Lec 1.12 How do we tame complexity? • Every piece of computer hardware different – Different CPU » Pentium, PowerPC, ColdFire, ARM, MIPS – Different amounts of memory, disk, … – Different types of devices » Mice, Keyboards, Sensors, Cameras, Fingerprint readers – Different networking environment » Cable, DSL, Wireless, Firewalls,… • Questions: – Does the programmer need to write a single program that performs many independent activities? – Does every program have to be altered for every piece of hardware? – Does a faulty program crash everything? – Does every program have access to all hardware? 1/23/08 Joseph CS162 ©UCB Spring 2008 Lec 1.13 OS Tool: Virtual Machine Abstraction Application Operating System Hardware Virtual Machine Interface Physical Machine Interface • Software Engineering Problem: – Turn hardware/software quirks what programmers want/need – Optimize for convenience, utilization, security, reliability, etc… • For Any OS area (e.g. file systems, virtual memory, networking, scheduling): – What's the hardware interface? (physical reality) – What's the application interface? (nicer abstraction) 1/23/08 Joseph CS162 ©UCB Spring 2008 Lec 1.14 Interfaces Provide Important Boundaries software instruction set hardware • Why do interfaces look the way that they do? – – – – History, Functionality, Stupidity, Bugs, Management CS152 Machine interface CS160 Human interface CS169 Software engineering/management • Should responsibilities be pushed across boundaries? – RISC architectures, Graphical Pipeline Architectures 1/23/08 Joseph CS162 ©UCB Spring 2008 Lec 1.15 Course Administration • Instructor: Anthony D. Joseph (adj@cs) 465 Soda Hall (RAD Lab) Office Hours (M 2-3p/Tu 1-2p): 413 Soda Hall • TAs: Barret Rhoden (cs162-tj@cory) Manu Srivastava (cs162-tk@cory) Man-Kit Leung (cs162-tl@cory) • Labs: Second floor of Soda Hall (poll) • Website: http://inst.eecs.berkeley.edu/~cs162 • Webcast/Podcast (3-day delay): http://webcast.berkeley.edu/courses/index.php • Newsgroup: ucb.class.cs162 (use authnews.berkeley.edu) • Course Email: cs162@cory • Reader: Available from TBA • Are you on the waitlist? See Michael-David in 379 Soda 1/23/08 Joseph CS162 ©UCB Spring 2008 Lec 1.16 Class Schedule • Class Time: M/W 4 – 5:30pm, 277 Cory – Please come to class. Lecture notes do not have everything in them. The best part of class is the interaction! • Sections: – Important information is in the sections – The sections assigned to you by Telebears are temporary! – Every member of a project group must be in same section Section Time Location 101 Th 10:00-11:00A 45 Evans Barret 102 Th 11:00-12:00P 85 Evans Barret 103 Th 4:00-5:00P 3102 Etcheverry 104 F 2:00-3:00P 310 Soda Manu 105 F 3:00-4:00p 405 Soda Manu 1/23/08 Joseph CS162 ©UCB Spring 2008 TA Man-Kit Lec 1.17 Textbook • Text: Operating Systems Concepts, 7th Edition Silbershatz, Galvin, Gagne • Online supplements – See "Information" link on course website – Includes Appendices, sample problems, etc • Question: need 7th edition? – No, but has new material that we may cover – Completely reorganized – Will try to give readings from both the 6th and 7th editions on the lecture page 1/23/08 Joseph CS162 ©UCB Spring 2008 Lec 1.18 Topic Coverage Textbook: Silberschatz, Galvin, and Gagne, Operating Systems Concepts, 7th Ed., 2005 • • • • • • • • • • 1 week: 1.5 weeks: 2.5 weeks: 2 week: 1 week: 1 week: 2.5 weeks: 1 week: 1 week: ??: 1/23/08 Fundamentals (Operating Systems Structures) Process Control and Threads Synchronization and scheduling Protection, Address translation, Caching Demand Paging File Systems Networking and Distributed Systems Protection and Security Software Engineering Advanced topics Joseph CS162 ©UCB Spring 2008 Lec 1.19 Grading • Rough Grade Breakdown – Two Midterms: 15% each One Final: 15% Four Projects: 50% (i.e. 12.5% each) Participation: 5% • Four Projects: – – – – Phase Phase Phase Phase I: II: III: IV: • Late Policy: Build a thread system Implement Multithreading Caching and Virtual Memory Parallel and Distributed Systems – Each group has 5 "slip" days. – For Projects, slip days deducted from all partners – 10% off per day after slip days exhausted 1/23/08 Joseph CS162 ©UCB Spring 2008 Lec 1.20 Group Project Simulates Industrial Environment • Project teams have 4 or 5 members in same discussion section – Must work in groups in "the real world" • Communicate with colleagues (team members) – – – – – Communication problems are natural What have you done? What answers you need from others? You must document your work!!! Everyone must keep an on-line notebook • Communicate with supervisor (TAs) – How is the team's plan? – Short progress reports are required: 1/23/08 » What is the team's game plan? » What is each member's responsibility? Joseph CS162 ©UCB Spring 2008 Lec 1.21 Typical Lecture Format Attention 20 min. Break 25 min. Break 25 min. "In Conclusion, ..." Time • • • • • • • 1-Minute Review 20-Minute Lecture 5- Minute Administrative Matters 25-Minute Lecture 5-Minute Break (water, stretch) 25-Minute Lecture Instructor will come to class early & stay after to answer questions 1/23/08 Joseph CS162 ©UCB Spring 2008 Lec 1.22 Lecture Goal Interactive!!! 1/23/08 Joseph CS162 ©UCB Spring 2008 Lec 1.23 Computing Facilities • Every student who is enrolled should get an account form at end of lecture – Gives you an account of form cs162-xx@cory – This account is required » Most of your debugging can be done on other EECS accounts, however… » All of the final runs must be done on your cs162-xx account and must run on the x86 Solaris machines • Make sure to log into your new account this week and fill out the questions • Project Information: – See the "Projects and Nachos" link off the course home page • Newsgroup (ucb.class.cs162): – Read this regularly! 1/23/08 Joseph CS162 ©UCB Spring 2008 Lec 1.24 Academic Dishonesty Policy • Copying all or part of another person's work, or using reference material not specifically allowed, are forms of cheating and will not be tolerated. A student involved in an incident of cheating will be notified by the instructor and the following policy will apply: • • • • http://www.eecs.berkeley.edu/Policies/acad.dis.shtml The instructor may take actions such as: – require repetition of the subject work, – assign an F grade or a 'zero' grade to the subject work, – for serious offenses, assign an F grade for the course. The instructor must inform the student and the Department Chair in writing of the incident, the action taken, if any, and the student's right to appeal to the Chair of the Department Grievance Committee or to the Director of the Office of Student Conduct. The Office of Student Conduct may choose to conduct a formal hearing on the incident and to assess a penalty for misconduct. The Department will recommend that students involved in a second incident of cheating be dismissed from the University. 1/23/08 Joseph CS162 ©UCB Spring 2008 Lec 1.25 Virtual Machines • Software emulation of an abstract machine – Make it look like hardware has features you want – Programs from one hardware & OS on another one • Programming simplicity – – – – Each process thinks it has all memory/CPU time Each process thinks it owns all devices Different Devices appear to have same interface Device Interfaces more powerful than raw hardware » Bitmapped display windowing system » Ethernet card reliable, ordered, networking (TCP/IP) • Fault Isolation – Processes unable to directly impact other processes – Bugs cannot crash whole machine • Protection and Portability – Java interface safe and stable across many platforms 1/23/08 Joseph CS162 ©UCB Spring 2008 Lec 1.26 Four Components of a Computer System Definition: An operating system implements a virtual machine that is (hopefully) easier and safer to program and use than the raw hardware. 1/23/08 Joseph CS162 ©UCB Spring 2008 Lec 1.27 Virtual Machines (con't): Layers of OSs • Useful for OS development – When OS crashes, restricted to one VM – Can aid testing programs on other OSs 1/23/08 Joseph CS162 ©UCB Spring 2008 Lec 1.28 Nachos: Virtual OS Environment • You will be working with Nachos – Simulation environment – Hardware, interrupts, I/O – Execution of User Programs running on this platform 1/23/08 Joseph CS162 ©UCB Spring 2008 Lec 1.29 What does an Operating System do? • Silerschatz and Gavin: "An OS is Similar to a government" – Begs the question: does a government do anything useful by itself? • Coordinator and Traffic Cop: – Manages all resources – Settles conflicting requests for resources – Prevent errors and improper use of the computer • Facilitator: – Provides facilities that everyone needs – Standard Libraries, Windowing systems – Make application programming easier, faster, less error-prone • Some features reflect both tasks: – E.g. File system is needed by everyone (Facilitator) – But File system must be Protected (Traffic Cop) 1/23/08 Joseph CS162 ©UCB Spring 2008 Lec 1.30 What is an Operating System,… Really? • Most Likely: – – – – – Memory Management I/O Management CPU Scheduling Communications? (Does Email belong in OS?) Multitasking/multiprogramming? • What about? – – – – File System? Multimedia Support? User Interface? Internet Browser? • Is this only interesting to Academics?? 1/23/08 Joseph CS162 ©UCB Spring 2008 Lec 1.31 Operating System Definition (Cont.) • No universally accepted definition • "Everything a vendor ships when you order an operating system" is good approximation – But varies wildly • "The one program running at all times on the computer" is the kernel. – Everything else is either a system program (ships with the operating system) or an application program 1/23/08 Joseph CS162 ©UCB Spring 2008 Lec 1.32 What if we didn't have an Operating System? • • • • Source CodeCompilerObject CodeHardware How do you get object code onto the hardware? How do you print out the answer? Once upon a time, had to Toggle in program in binary and read out answer from LED's! Altair 8080 1/23/08 Joseph CS162 ©UCB Spring 2008 Lec 1.33 Simple OS: What if only one application? • Examples: – Very early computers – Early PCs – Embedded controllers (elevators, cars, etc) • OS becomes just a library of standard services – Standard device drivers – Interrupt handlers – Math libraries 1/23/08 Joseph CS162 ©UCB Spring 2008 Lec 1.34 MS-DOS Layer Structure 1/23/08 Joseph CS162 ©UCB Spring 2008 Lec 1.35 More thoughts on Simple OS • What about Cell-phones, Xboxes, etc? – Is this organization enough? • Can OS be encoded in ROM/Flash ROM? • Does OS have to be software? – Can it be Hardware? – Custom Chip with predefined behavior – Are these even OSs? 1/23/08 Joseph CS162 ©UCB Spring 2008 Lec 1.36 More complex OS: Multiple Apps • Full Coordination and Protection – Manage interactions between different users – Multiple programs running simultaneously – Multiplex and protect Hardware Resources » CPU, Memory, I/O devices like disks, printers, etc • Facilitator – Still provides Standard libraries, facilities • Would this complexity make sense if there were only one application that you cared about? 1/23/08 Joseph CS162 ©UCB Spring 2008 Lec 1.37 Example: Protecting Processes from Each Other • Problem: Run multiple applications in such a way that they are protected from one another • Goal: – Keep User Programs from Crashing OS – Keep User Programs from Crashing each other – [Keep Parts of OS from crashing other parts?] • (Some of the required) Mechanisms: – Address Translation – Dual Mode Operation • Simple Policy: – Programs are not allowed to read/write memory of other Programs or of Operating System 1/23/08 Joseph CS162 ©UCB Spring 2008 Lec 1.38 Address Translation • Address Space – A group of memory addresses usable by something – Each program (process) and kernel has potentially different address spaces. • Address Translation: – Translate from Virtual Addresses (emitted by CPU) into Physical Addresses (of memory) – Mapping often performed in Hardware by Memory Management Unit (MMU) CPU 1/23/08 Virtual Addresses MMU Physical Addresses Joseph CS162 ©UCB Spring 2008 Lec 1.39 Example of Address Translation Data 2 Code Data Heap Stack Code Data Heap Stack Stack 1 Heap 1 Code 1 Stack 2 Prog 1 Virtual Address Space 1 Prog 2 Virtual Address Space 2 Data 1 Heap 2 Code 2 OS code Translation Map 1 OS data Translation Map 2 OS heap & Stacks 1/23/08 Physical Address Space Joseph CS162 ©UCB Spring 2008 Lec 1.40 Address Translation Details • For now, assume translation happens with table (called a Page Table): Virtual Address 10 offset V page no. Page Table index into page table V Access Rights PA table located in physical P page no. memory • Translation helps protection: offset 10 Physical Address – Control translations, control access – Should Users be able to change Page Table??? 1/23/08 Joseph CS162 ©UCB Spring 2008 Lec 1.41 Dual Mode Operation • Hardware provides at least two modes: – "Kernel" mode (or "supervisor" or "protected") – "User" mode: Normal programs executed • Some instructions/ops prohibited in user mode: – Example: cannot modify page tables in user mode » Attempt to modify Exception generated • Transitions from user mode to kernel mode: – System Calls, Interrupts, Other exceptions 1/23/08 Joseph CS162 ©UCB Spring 2008 Lec 1.42 UNIX System Structure User Mode Applications Standard Libs Kernel Mode Hardware 1/23/08 Joseph CS162 ©UCB Spring 2008 Lec 1.43 OS Systems Principles • OS as illusionist: – Make hardware limitations go away – Provide illusion of dedicated machine with infinite memory and infinite processors • OS as government: – Protect users from each other – Allocate resources efficiently and fairly • OS as complex system: – Constant tension between simplicity and functionality or performance • OS as history teacher – Learn from past – Adapt as hardware tradeoffs change 1/23/08 Joseph CS162 ©UCB Spring 2008 Lec 1.44 Why Study Operating Systems? • Learn how to build complex systems: – How can you manage complexity for future projects? • Engineering issues: – Why is the web so slow sometimes? Can you fix it? – What features should be in the next mars Rover? – How do large distributed systems work? (Kazaa, etc) • Buying and using a personal computer: – Why different PCs with same CPU behave differently – How to choose a processor (Opteron, Itanium, Celeron, Pentium, Hexium)? [ Ok, made last one up ] – Should you get Windows XP, Vista, Linux, Mac OS …? – Why does Microsoft have such a bad name? • Business issues: – Should your division buy thin-clients vs PC? • Security, viruses, and worms – What exposure do you have to worry about? 1/23/08 Joseph CS162 ©UCB Spring 2008 Lec 1.45 "In conclusion…" • Operating systems provide a virtual machine abstraction to handle diverse hardware • Operating systems coordinate resources and protect users from each other • Operating systems simplify application development by providing standard services • Operating systems can provide an array of fault containment, fault tolerance, and fault recovery • CS162 combines things from many other areas of computer science – – Languages, data bases, data structures, hardware, networking, security, distributed systems, and algorithms 1/23/08 Joseph CS162 ©UCB Spring 2008 Lec 1.46


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Download PC games new latest full
|SpaceSpace Empires IV Deluxe Read reviews, rate games, download free trials/versions.
Space Empires IV Deluxe
Reviewed by Yuri Storchak
Genre and what to do:Strategy game. Space Empires IV Deluxe is the latest edition of the Space Empire games. As in all the previous games you are allowed here to create your own story. You are a supreme leader who rules an empire. Among your tasks are: to explore the universe, to take part in wars, to discover different worlds, to design spaceships, to build space stations, etc. At the beginning of the game choose a race out of 20 suggested to play. Much of the play time is devoted to combat. Defeat all your enemies before they defeat you. Besides combat you should customize your space ships, build different kinds of space stations, manage your resources and much more.
Style and atmosphere inside the game:The graphics is a weak point of this game. All the characters and environments look rather primitive. There is a great amount of tutorials and instructions throughout the game. It is easy to have success in the game when you follow them. The sound system is much better in Space Empires IV Deluxe than in Space Empire games. You are sure to like all the sound effects in the game.
player'S REVIEW
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Without Aubrey Huff, the San Francisco Giants are trying to focus on baseball and move forward, and manager Bruce Bochy likely will play Brandon Belt and Brett Pill more at first base.
Huff was placed on the 15-day disabled list before Wednesday's 4-2 loss in Cincinnati because he's dealing with anxiety attacks, Bochy said.
The 35-year-old veteran didn't show up to work for Monday's doubleheader in New York and simply texted the Giants that he wasn't coming for personal reasons. His last appearance on a diamond wasn't pretty -- playing second base in an emergency role Saturday and breaking to first base when he should have covered second on a double-play grounder to short.
Huff's average is .182, and his defense has been poor. Bochy said Huff is getting treatment and will rejoin the team in San Francisco on Friday when the Giants play the Padres to open a homestand.
Huff is apparently at home in Tampa.
Some issues have been documented. Huff's father was murdered when he was 6, and he's going through a divorce, according to court records in Hillsborough County, Fla.
Belt, who swings left-handed, has struggled, hitting .241 with nine strikeouts, but the right-handed Pill is batting .353.
Neither of them started at first base Wednesday. Buster Posey, the regular catcher, played first base for the second time this season, and he went 2-for-4.
The Giants called up infielder Joaquin Arias from Class AAA Fresno to replace Huff on the roster. Arias, who pinch-hit Wednesday and lined out, will play shortstop in Thursday's series finale, Bochy said. In fact, Bochy said both shortstop Brandon Crawford and second baseman Emmanuel Burriss would be rested Thursday.
Arias, 27, hadn't appeared in the majors since 2010, when he hit a combined .258/.280/.320 with no homers and 13 RBI in 72 games for the Rangers and Mets. He was hitting .400/.432/.557 with two homers and 17 RBI through 18 games for Fresno this season.
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Only the LonelyMature
Two hours earlier.....
"I think the hall's clear," Mark said in a soft whisper.
Josie sat on the bed watching him peek out of the room's door. He was glancing up and down the hallway. She didn't know what was going on. An hour ago they were in this very room, getting ready to go up to the dining room for an early lunch, when they heard the PA system come to life and the captain's voice urgently telling everyone to remain in their cabin's. Some kind of technical difficulties he had said. Her and Mark assumed a small, controllable fire or some such. This was a good sized ocean liner. But, that couldn't explain all of the screaming and running around the other passengers were doing.
Mark closed the door and came over and sat next to her, taking her hand into his.
"I'm sorry," he said.
She looked at him.
He was stoic and through his glasses, she noticed his eyes welling up, but refusing to allow the tears to fall.
"I love you, babe. And there is no reason for you to be sorry. You didn't cause whatever this is."
He leaned his head on her shoulder.
"I know. But, you didn't even want to come on this cruise. I kind of begged you."
She chuckled.
"Really? You think I would do something if I don't want to? Besides, we've never had our honeymoon. So, are you having fun yet?"
"Not really," he said. "I'm fucking hungry."
They both laughed.
"Typical man answer," she said.
They sat quietly for a time. Each in their own thoughts.
"I don't suppose we packed our cell phones?" Mark asked.
Josie shook her head.
"Honeymoon, remember? Why? Were you thinking the kids?"
"Yeah. But, what would I say? We don't even know what's going on."
Josie stood up and extended Mark her hand. He took it and stood as well.
"Maybe it's time we find out."
They walked over to the door and listened. Everything was still quiet.
"We need to make it up to the bridge," she said. "To see the captain. He should know what's going on."
"Yeah," Mark replied, looking around the room.
"What are you looking for?" Josie asked.
"A weapon."
She looked at him and grinned.
"You're an account. I'm a stay at home mom. Who do you think we are? Mr. and Mrs. Smith?
He smiled and shrugged.
Josie took the knob in her hand and eased the door open, looking up and down the hall, like her husband had done. All quiet. They stepped out and proceeded down the hallway. They weren't too worried about anyone, so they didn't knock on any of the doors. The liner was big, but not too big. Maybe three floors. They were in the middle, so they needed to make their way up the flight of stairs and cross the deck of the ship.
As they pushed open the door to the stairwell, there was a loud crash behind them. They turned in time to see a flood of people shambling towards them from the other end of the ship. It wasn't the shambling that concerned them. It was the low, guttural growl that was the most disconcerting. Something was definitely not right. They didn't stop long enough to find out.
"Run!" Mark yelled.
They ran as fast as they could, taking the steps two at a time. They burst through the door onto the deck and into the bright sunshine.
"There's the door," Josie said. "Come on."
She took a step and quickly fell on top of what looked to be the captain. The only recognizable part on him was his blood-soaked uniform. She let out a shriek and Mark quickly lifted her to her feet. Since she had lost her shoes in the stairwell, she was slipping and sliding in the blood.
They finally made it over to the door, which was open, and inside, the bridge was empty. The cruise ship was just floating on the water like a dead stick. What were they going to do now? That questioned answered itself.
"Mark!" Josie said excitedly, pointing. "Look!"
This huge cargo ship was heading towards them. Wait. It wasn't just heading towards them. It was heading straight for them.
"Shit! Get down!"
Before they had the chance, they were thrown to the floor. The sickening sound of metal on metal filled the air. It was only a few seconds, but it seemed to last forever.
She regained her balance and stood up.
"Mark? You see that shit?" It was rhetoric, but still warranted some kind of response.
She looked over. Mark was laying on his back. Blood was pooling around his head like a halo.
"Mark!" She cried.
She bent down to him. She checked for a pulse. Nothing.
"Mark," she whimpered. "Come on baby. Wake up."
She sat there, cradling his head, rocking back and forth. Waiting for him to respond.
He never did.


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|Message view
|« Date » · « Thread »
|« Date » · « Thread »
|Costin Manolache <cmanola...@yahoo.com>
|Re: Extending Ant [was RE: Comparing files in subdirectories]
|Wed, 30 Oct 2002 19:04:11 GMT
Erik Hatcher wrote: > Costin Manolache wrote: >>>For example, a property representing a file could be used in a situation >>>where only the basename is wanted: ${file.property:basename} >> >> >> I think we mean the same thing - my 'test case' uses >> jxpath and velocity to navigate object hierarchies, so if 'file' is >> a reference or some object you could navigate through its properties >> ( and probably methods ) without problems. >> >> It should be also trivial to plug in any other form of property >> evaluator - including one that is specific to file. Something like >> ${file:baseneme:myProperty} >> The property interceptor can 'resolve' any expression - so I guess your >> format can also be supported ( as long as you plug a hook impl. that >> detects and resolves it - but I don't particulary like the syntax you >> sugest ). > > The syntax, of course, is up for discussion and as your design allows, > pluggable! :) My general thinking is that everything that depends on personal taste ( or needs ) should be more or less pluggable :-) Besides taste, easier integration with existing patterns ( beans, jxpath/velocity/jelly navigation and syntax, etc ) is an important issue. > I was following MessageFormat syntax, which seems like a reasonable > scheme to emulate. What I meant by "file.property" was something set > this way: > > <property name="file.property" location="someFile.txt"/> I think having a scheme to avoid backward compat problems is important. My current proposed solution has 2 elements: the property interceptor requires to be explicitely enabled ( by using a task that plugs in the mechanism - explicitely, so older files will keep working ). And I use "prefix:expression" scheme to avoid some conflicts and to enable easy parsing ( if multiple mechanisms are supposed ). >> The end result would be that the property and reference storage and >> evaluation will be decoupled from ant core and delegated to user-space >> tasks. > > Interesting. Definitely food for thought. I'm not convinced that the > storage should be decoupled from the core, but perhaps more discussion > could convince me. I'm not convinced either :-) But I see value from an integration ( embeding :-) perspective. Something like netbeans/eclipse/idea ( or tomcat ) could benefit from. > By the way, I attended a JMX presentation this past weekend and have > been mulling over how MBeans could be used as well :) I'm _very_ glad to hear that !! I really hope this discussion will start soon. I have one piece of experimental code that turns each ant task into an MBean automatically and without any change in the task itself ( it's using tomcat DynamicMBean, which can turn any java bean into an mbean using introspection ). It is also quite easy to provide MBean interfaces to Project and Target. So the entire ant can be used as a collection of mebeans and manipulated using jmx. The other side is having ant tasks to control/load/manipulate MBeans. I want to finish this before tomcat5.0 ( and use this as a way to start/configure tomcat inside ant ). Costin -- To unsubscribe, e-mail: <mailto:firstname.lastname@example.com> For additional commands, e-mail: <mailto:email@example.com>
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Your generous donation will make it possible to reach millions of Catholics in America and around the World to increase the number of Rosary Warriors enlisted in Cardinal Raymond Burke's Rosary Crusade Operation Storm Heaven to 100,000 for the 100th anniversary of Our Lady at Fatima.
Operation Storm Heaven is uniting faithful Catholics throughout America and the World in the largest Rosary Crusade in History to implore God to open the floodgates of His Mercy.
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Now more than ever, let us redouble our efforts to enlist more Rosary Warriors to Operation Storm Heaven for the 100th anniversary of Our Lady of Fatima!


text:
Enterprise Management
Every year, our consultants are part of the hundreds of engagements, learning & certification delivery programs ranging from SMEs to Fortune 100 companies. In the last five years alone, over 800 case studies are evaluated and assessed under aegis of iCMG. It's the time to share the patterns of enterprise anatomy and solutions as a body of knowledge.
We are happy to bring out iCMG Certified Enterprise Architecture Leadership (iCEAL) Program specially for Managers & Decision Makers.
There is growing interest among the business owners, strategists, product owners, process champions, department heads, sales and marketing managers to understand how to leverage existing Enterprise assets for growth. And we feel that Enterprise Architecture skills will be of great value to them.
Why Enterprise Architecture Course for Decision Makers?
Management Solutions
CEOs are investing a great deal in creating winning strategies. Globally, organizations are working on offsetting economic dampening behavior with new products and services in regular interval. Very often, results are not favorable due to inherent Business complexity and associated business structure. As a result, even incremental changes are expensive and time-consuming.
Ideally speaking Enterprise Architecture should have been used for engineering or re-engineering of an enterprise. Unfortunately, it's not so.
Building Blocks for Business Execution
What is Enterprise Architecture?
- Like civil architecture, Enterprise Architecture is about creating blueprints for large and complex systems (enterprises) necessary for construction and implementation.
- Similar to medical practice, Enterprise Architecture can help in correcting enterprise disorders based on effective diagnosis based on enterprise x-ray techniques and multi solution approach.
Industry demand for Enterprise Doctors
Business Decisions
Our new program is specially designed for Managers & Decision Makers. The idea is inspired by medical practice, wherein a medical doctor, who understands the human anatomy, uses the symptoms (narrated by a patient) to understand the problem and narrow it down to specific organ/organs, then applies x-ray techniques to get the necessary insight and uses the x-ray for diagnosis before arriving at possible solution options. Interestingly, this methodology of problem-solving had been a great success in the medical practice that has succeeded in handling human body disorders in a timely manner resulting in longevity of human beings.
This workshop will address how to manage enterprise "disorders." (aka business problems) using Enterprise Architecture. The key is to understand "enterprise anatomy" (building blocks) and interaction between them. Similar to medical practice, there are two important aspects to consider, one is the understanding of "enterprise anatomy" and second is ability to create "enterprise x-rays". An enterprise doctor should be able to use the methodology to isolate and treat enterprise disorders in timely manner. We have seen the applicability across wide range of problems across several business verticals and company of various sizes.
Workshop Focus
Realize Business Goals
This workshop will also provide an excellent opportunity to understand how to use Enterprise Architecture (EA) to realize business goals. We will co-relate the patterns of problem & solutions of various industries. You will gain significant insight to applying Enterprise Architecture for addressing business problems such as time to market, business transformation, new product/service release, etc. Can we use EA for managing risk & innovation during the turbulent time?
The key focus areas include understanding Enterprise Architecture i.e. functional structure of an enterprise in terms of its business services, business information, business timing cycles, business locations and business stakeholders for achieving business goals. You will also learn how to create EA models that in turn will provide the necessary insight to the structure of business for managing and running it. In addition, it provides the capability to assemble and create new business models quickly to meet changing internal or external demands.
Case Studies
With carefully chosen case studies and hands on practice sessions, business managers can learn how to address business problems using above technique. In addition, you will also learn how one can manage multiple disorders at the same time. What makes this methodology effective is the ability to manage the whole thing in a 45 days cycle i.e. lean and timeliness.
It will be interesting to share how we could apply Enterprise Architecture for various business initiatives:
Time for Action
10 Methodologies for Quick Start
Today, almost all enterprises are wasting their costly resources in fighting internal "disorders". If you are thinking about how your enterprise can take advantage of new opportunities, leverage existing assets to create new product and services, become lean and use resources optimally, then workshop may be an answer.
This program will help to uncover Enterprise Architect in you. This workshop can teach you Enterprise Architecture skills that will surprise you and your friends. Better, you will have fun and have valuable practical TOOLS inside your brain. Yes, even you can learn to do seemingly complex Enterprise Architecture blueprint for business execution.
This will help CEOs to create enterprises that are "durable" and provide services that are "economical."


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2576Re: [elfscript] Istan pole!
Expand Messages
- Sep 5, 2003Very clever and all, John, but once again, I will not accept being
lumped in with Helge in this matter.
It was Helge who began the personal attacks.
It is Helge who has refused a clear invitation to continue (the
scholarly portion of) this discussion in another forum.
It is Helge who refuses to stick to any sort of scholarly argument, but
instead continues his campaign of mockery, distortions and attacks.
It is entirely up to Helge to end this, either by dropping it or by
responding honestly and thoughtfully to the scholarly issue(s) under
discussion, in a manner devoid of mockery, distortions and attacks.
- << Previous post in topic Next post in topic >>


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|Page (1) of 1 - 03/14/13
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It's another tale of sexploitation in the pageant world. A Miss California Teen hopeful Miranda Bryant apparently went to LA to find stardom and ended up getting spit out by sleazy pageant recruiter Erik DeSando.
|Former Miss California Teen Hopeful Miranda Bryant Trades Sex for Success
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