text:
Definition of solid waste: 42 USC 6903(27), 40 CFR 261.2 and 40 CFR 261.4(a)
Solid Waste Management Information and Guidelines, 42 USC 6907 and 40 CFR 243.100 to 204
Applicability: 40 CFR 243.100
Interstate transporters:
Regulatory applicability: 40 CFR 243.202-1
Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration regulations applicability: 49 CFR 390.5
Noise: 40 CFR 202.10 to 202.23
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response
U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) Federal Highway Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA)
State and local agencies
See ADDRESSES & CONTACTS for addresses and telephone numbers.
Under RCRA, wastes are separated into two broad categories: hazardous and nonhazardous. Hazardous wastes are regulated under Subtitle C , and nonhazardous wastes are regulated under Subtitle D. RCRA Subtitle D was designed to assist waste management officials in developing and encouraging environmentally sound methods for the disposal of nonhazardous solid waste (RCRA Section 4001). EPA does not have enforcement authority under RCRA Subtitle D; regulation of solid waste is the responsibility of the states. See the national section SOLID WASTE for more information about federal solid waste management requirements.
Although hazardous wastes are a subset of solid wastes, this section does not discuss requirements for transporters of hazardous materials or hazardous wastes. For more information on these requirements, see the national sections HAZARDOUS MATERIALS TRANSPORTERS and HAZARDOUS WASTE TRANSPORTERS.
State and local agencies are responsible for developing, administering, and enforcing requirements for nonhazardous solid waste ...


text:
Chapter 15. Norton Media Library. Give Me Liberty! An American History Second Edition Volume 1. by Eric Foner. I.Contested meanings of freedom at end of Civil War. A.For southern blacks, an expansive quest 1.Self-ownership 2.Autonomous institutions a. Family
Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author.While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server.
Norton Media Library
Give Me Liberty!
An American History
Second EditionVolume 1
Eric Foner
A.For southern blacks, an expansive quest
2.Autonomous institutions
a. Family
i. Reuniting families separated under slavery
ii. Adopting separate gender roles
b. Church
i. Worship
ii. Social events
iii. Political meetings
c. Schools
i. Motivations
ii. Backgrounds of students and instructors
iii. Establishment of black colleges
A.For southern blacks, an expansive quest
3.Political participation
a. Right to vote
b. Engagement in political events
4.Land ownership
B.For southern whites, an imperiled birthright
1.Postwar demoralization
a. Loss of life
b. Destruction of property
c. Draining of planters' wealth and privilege
d. Psychic blow of emancipation
i. Inability to accept
ii. Intolerance of black autonomy or equality
C.For northern Republicans, "free labor"
1.Middle approach between aspirations of freedpeople and planters
2.Ambiguous role of federal government; Freedmen's Bureau
a. Achievements in education and health care
b. Betrayal of commitment to land reform
D.Post-emancipation labor systems
1.Task system (rice)
2.Wage labor (sugar)
3.Sharecropping (cotton, tobacco)
E.Subversion of independent white yeomanry
1.Spread of indebtedness, dependence on cotton production
2.Sharecropping and crop lien systems
F.Urban growth
A.Andrew Johnson
1.Background and character
a. Humble origins
b. "Honest yeoman" identity
c. Political career
d. Hostility to southern secession and racial equality
2.Approach to Reconstruction
a. Pardons
b. Reserving of political power to whites
B.Southern white response
1.Restoration of Confederate leaders and Old South elite
2.Violence against freedpeople and northerners
3.Black Codes
C.Northern reaction
1.Johnson satisfaction
2.Republican outrage
D.Republican goals and principles
1.Moderate and Radical Republicans
a. Equality of races before the law
b. Federal enforcement
2.Radical Republicans only
a. Dissolution of Confederate-run state governments
b. Enfranchisement of blacks
c. Redistribution of land to former slaves
E.Congressional Republicans vs. Johnson
1.Passage of bill extending life of Freedmen's Bureau
2.Passage of Civil Rights Bill
3.Vetoes and override
4.Fourteenth Amendment
a. Terms and significance
b. Approval by Congress, transmission to states
c. Controversy in North
i. Democrats vs. Republicans
ii. Congress vs. Johnson
5.1866 midterm election
a. Bitter campaign
b. Republican sweep
c. Growing breach between Johnson and Republicans
A.Reconstruction Act
1.Placement of South under federal military authority
2.Call for new state governments, entailing black right to vote
B.Tenure of Office Act
C.Impeachment of Johnson
D.1868 presidential election
1.Republican waving of "bloody shirt"
2.Democratic race-baiting
3.Ulysses S. Grant victory
E.Fifteenth Amendment
A.Idea of national citizenry, equal before the law
B.Expansion of citizenry to include blacks
D.New boundaries of American citizenship
1.Exclusion of Asian immigrants
2.Exclusion of women
a. Unfulfilled campaigns for women's emancipation
b. Split within feminism over Reconstruction amendments
A.Black initiatives
1.Mass public gatherings
2.Grassroots protests against segregation
3.Labor strikes
4.Political mobilization
5.Forming of local Republican organizations
a. Union League
b. Voter registration
B.Reconstructed state governments
a. Predominance of Republicans
b. Black Republicans
i. Officeholding at federal, state, and local levels
ii. Varied backgrounds
c. White Republicans
i. Carpetbaggers
ii. Scalawags
iii. Varied motivations of each
B.Reconstructed state governments
a. Public education
b. Affirmation of civil and political equality
c. More equal allocation of public services and resources
d. Measures to protect free labor
e. Fairer system of justice
f. Improvement in public facilities
a. Uneven enforcement of laws
b. Economic stagnation
c. Persistence of black poverty
A.Southern white opposition
1.Grievances expressed
a. Corruption
b. Incompetence
c. High taxes
d. Black supremacy
2.Underlying motivations
a. Antipathy for racial equality
b. Desire for controllable labor
3.Use of terror
a. Against any perceived threat to white supremacy
b. Against Republicans, black and white
c. Ku Klux Klan and other secret societies
B.Northern response
1.Measures to protect blacks' rights
a. Enforcement Acts of 1870 and 1871
b. Civil Rights Act of 1875
2.Waning commitment to Reconstruction
a. Liberal Republicans; Horace Greeley
b. Resurgence of northern racism
c. Economic depression
d. Supreme Court decisions
i. Slaughterhouse Cases
ii. U.S. v. Cruikshank
C.Death throes of Reconstruction
1.1874 Democratic gains in South; "Redeemers"
2.Resurgence of terror
3.Rise of electoral fraud
4.Election of 1876 and Bargain of 1877
http://www.wwnorton.com/foner (cont'd)Studyspace link
This concludes the Norton Media Library
Slide Set for Chapter 15
Give Me Liberty!
An American History
2nd Edition, Volume 1
Eric Foner
W. W. Norton & CompanyIndependent and Employee-Owned

subset: commoncrawl


text:
The french skateboarding brand Cliché turns 10 years old in 2007 and for the occassion they got together with Nike SB for a very nice collaboration. The sneaker features black nubuck leather, velour and a laser engraving. The sneaker will be released very soon. Via Sneakers.fr.
What To Read Next


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With a grippy sneaker sole, toe coverage, and a neoprene-lined upper, these Northside sport sandals are fully equipped for adventure. Elastic adjustment with lace-lock, cushioned insole.
Customer with a shipping address in eligible NY Metro areascan choose
at checkout, to get their order delivered on the same business day.
Just place your order by 9AM and choose "Same-Day Delivery".Orders placed after 9AM or on a weekend/holiday will be delivered the next business day.


text: Posted September 9, 2012 SHUT UP MR. KNOW IT ALL!!!!!! WE'RE BAD!!! FACE IT. a team like Washington with a rookie QB can be a team of N.O. caliber. a team as bad as Cleveland stayed in the game with Philly. and us? the Bucs, foreal. fug you Did you lose some big $ on the game? If not, maybe thnk about getting a life and taking an anger management class. Share this post Link to post Share on other sites


text:
While the undeniable stars of E4's TV series Made in Chelsea are its group of young, rich and impossibly gorgeous 20-somethings, the elite clubs, bars and high-fashion boutiques of the King's Road have proved scene stealers themselves, as have the area's handsome Victorian villas and pastel-painted cottages.
- © Graham Jepson
This exclusive pocket of south-west London is no stranger to the spotlight, attracting home buyers from all over the globe, from celebrities and bankers to aristocrats and oligarchs.
'Chelsea is a global, ultra-prime residential market and attracts a glamorous and successful crowd from around the world'
William Hughes-Ward, senior sales manager of Marsh and Parsons' Chelsea office, has worked in this area for more than a decade, and says: "Chelsea's borders have, over the years, changed and today there are many different opinions as to what defines this area. Starting in the east around Sloane Square Tube station; south along Chelsea Bridge Road to the river; west all the way to Chelsea Creek, encompassing the Lots Road area; and north as far as Ifield Road back towards the Fulham Road (skirting West Brompton but pinching the Bolton's slightly from the north), all the way to Draycott Avenue. The postcodes SW3 and SW10 are generally considered to be Chelsea."
With such vast geographical borders, it's not surprising that Chelsea is an area of stark contrasts. On a list of the 200 most expensive streets in London, the top 10 are within the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea.
Property around Sloane Square, Sloane Street and Sloane Avenue command the highest values, while homes at the far end of the King's Road, including Lots Road and main roads with heavy traffic, such as Edith Grove, Gunther Grove and Redcliffe Gardens, are significantly cheaper than in "prime" Chelsea areas.
Hughes-Ward says that as Chelsea encompasses the King's Road it is too urban to have a "villagey" feel. This popular shopping street has been drawing crowds of shoppers since the Sixties, along with big high street brands and high-fashion boutiques. However, smaller enclaves do exist. "Tucked away just north of this shopping mecca is Chelsea Green, a small enclave that certainly does retain a village feel with its local butcher, fishmonger, and pie shop," he says.
The insider lowdown: William Hughes-Ward, Marsh and Parsons
What types of property are typical to this area?
The majority of properties today were a result of the 19th-century Victorian development boom, many of which have been redeveloped into flats. But there are still plenty that remain as freeholds. There are a number of mansion blocks here but very few new-build developments.
There is a diverse range in Chelsea - you can expect to see 300sq ft studios, one- and two-bedroom flats in mansion blocks, riverside homes near Chelsea Wharf, pastel-painted cottages off the King's Road, mews houses and townhouses - right through to large 10,000sq ft houses.
What types of buyers are attracted here?
A description that I recently read pretty much sums up my view as to the kind of buyers that are attracted to Chelsea. That description is "a global ultra-prime residential market".
The area certainly attracts an interesting, glamorous and successful crowd from around the world. At the moment Chelsea is popular particularly with wealthy Italian buyers benefiting from a favourable exchange rate, and rich Russian buyers. UK buyers tend to be very wealthy families and young buyers who are getting help from the "bank of mum and dad".
What are the hottest properties in the area?
The most sought-after streets for home buyers at the moment include First Street, Halsey Street and Moore Street. Right now we are experiencing very strong demand in SW3, with a particular focus on houses and garden-square properties. However, with a lack of property coming onto the market in Chelsea generally, we have buyers looking across the board and demand is high.
Where are the 'hidden gems'?
There aren't many hidden gems left in Chelsea given the exposure and demand the area has had over recent times, but there are a good few streets that are quieter and offer home owners a piece of real tranquility. One of my favourites is Cheyne Row, a quiet one-way street lined with Victorian properties that have a nice outlook, mature gardens, a nearby church and a brilliant local pub, the Cross Keys, just around the corner.
What are the best investment opportunities in the area?
Our lettings team are crying out for decent two-bedroom "sharer" flats in the £700 a week range. Any well-presented flat that is within a 10-minute walk to the nearest Tube will be a solid investment. We are seeing yields at around 4.5 per cent gross at present and things look set to improve further.
How is local parking?
Resident permit holders in the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea have the benefit of being able to park anywhere in the borough. The council are strict when it comes to issuing these coveted permits and are very thorough when it comes to checking credentials. Be prepared!
What are service charges in the area like?
Service charges can increase dramatically when works to a building take place, and with white stucco-fronted properties this happens every five-to-seven years. On average though, you can expect to pay £2,000-£3,000 for one-bedroom flats, £2,500-£5,000 for two-bedroom flats. Since the "right to manage" came along, many residents are taking control themselves and getting costs down.
What are your favourite viewings to show potential buyers?
I love showing lower-ground or garden flats to buyers who automatically dismiss them (they usually need a little persuasion). Nine times out of 10 they will be surprised at how much more you get for your money - at least a patio garden and your own front door.
Where would you buy in the area?
I'm looking at the Lots Road area as a good place to invest. You can pick up property for, in some cases, 50 per cent less than within the rest of Chelsea. Lots Road power station, much like its Battersea big brother, has long been threatened with a major redevelopment but with more rumours of imminent decisions, capital appreciation here will be very good.
William Hughes-Ward is the senior sales manager at Marsh and Parsons in Chelsea
Follow us on Twitter @HomesProperty, Facebook and Instagram


text:
Reviewed By Crystina M (GULFPORT, MS) Reviewed for a 2013 Toyota RAV4 —8/6/2015 8:10 PM
I highly recommend!!! Tried LED and Xenon XtZ and they were a waste of money. Combined with the HID fog lights, I see everything so clearly.
Reviewed By Kimber H (LINCOLN, NE) Reviewed for a 2000 Toyota RAV4 —4/14/2014 5:13 AM
These put my old bulbs to shame. My commute is very dark in the mornings and these have really made me more confident as these bulbs are so much brighter and cover a much wider range than my old ones. So glad I switched!


text:
NTT's DoCoMo's resilience offset a sell-off in Japanese technology stocks and tumbling retail shares, while continuing firm performance of banks also helped to lift the Nikkei 225 9.43 points to 11,333.11. Other Asian markets were mixed as investors looked for further evidence that the strength of the global recovery justified large gains in the region.
Losses on NTT DoCoMo's investments in global mobile phone networks were reported in Tokyo to be as high as one trillion yen (£5.4bn), and would push it into losses for the first time. Among the hits it will take are those on investments in Hutchison 3G UK Holdings and AT&T Wireless Services, said the newspaper Nihon Keizai Shimbun, but traders reported that the losses were already in the price.
Falls in Japan's computer-related counters reached 2% as profit-taking set in, but the real weight on the market was retailers. Their sales fell 6.1% in February, the 11th fall in a row, as warmer weather killed sales of winter clothing. Falls of up to 2% were led by the Seven-Eleven convenience stores chain.
An upgrade in the credit rating of South Korea left stocks wavering, as the Kospi index bounced around 900 before coming to rest virtually unchanged at 902.68, up 0.2. The country's credit rating was raised two notches to A3 by Moody's Investors Service, which credited the country with solid economic growth, smaller overseas debt and government progress in cleaning up banking. The biggest mover was battered chipmaker Hynix Semiconductor, which awaits a rescue from the US Micron Group. The stock soared 7% after the company reported that first-quarter earnings were running ahead of expectations.
In Hong Kong, assurances from mainland cellphone operator China Unicom that it would not indulge in any price war cheered the shares, which rose 1.7%, helping to push the Hang Seng index up 45 points to 11,032.9. International fund managers are unlikely to be impressed. They are now underweight of the market for the first time since June 2000, according to a Dow Jones poll published today. The sluggish local economy is making other Asian markets much more attractive, said the managers. This failed to stop local buyers taking advantage of recent weakness in property companies and banks.
Taiwan's semiconductor stocks continued to lead the market higher despite falls in other sectors, and the Weighted Average added 62.17 points to 6209.92.
Blue-chips rose in Singapore on global recovery hopes, taking the Straits Times index up 19.4 points to 1814.6. Resource stocks continued to underpin the All Ordinaries index in Sydney, but gains were limited by a retreat in bank shares after a recent rally. The index closed unchanged at 3360.4. Thailand's SET index was 3.52 higher at 380.62. In Malaysia the Kuala Lumpur Composite index edged up 0.79 to 757.3, and in Indonesia the Jakarta Composite index put on 6.75 points to 488.03.
Prices and indices in this section are supplied from various sources and calculated at different times and may not always match those listed in the tables.
- More about:
- Investment
- Japanese Yen
- Mobile Phones
- Nikkei
- Tokyo


text:
« Product Naming: Mixing Mythologies for Astronomical Names | Main | Links Du Jour 06-29-06 »
June 28, 2006
Brand Naming: What Roles Do Letters Play?
We recently conducted proprietary research among a national random sample of 414 consumers and found some interesting associations that consumers have with the consonants in the English language.
For instance, X, Z, Q, and V are associated with innovation (think XM Satellite Radio or the new Motorola Q Smartphone).
While L, V, F, and W are considered feminine (think Venus or Victoria's Secret), X, M, and Z are viewed as masculine (think Nissan Xterra or Marlboro).
One of the benefits of this research is that it gives us and our clients a common language to speak in and reduces some of the inherent subjectivity when selecting a name candidate.
No, it's not a perfect science. But we're finding it to be a very helpful brand naming tool.
Technorati Tags: Consonants, Language, Brand Associations, Naming Techniques
Posted by William Lozito at June 28, 2006 7:54 AM
Posted to Brand Name Research | Brand Naming | Linguistics | Marketing | Naming | Product Naming
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1 Comment
Thanks for this post. I never would have thought of the importance of letters in brand names.


text:
LSE seen as bid target if TMX plan fails
By Paul Hoskins and Sudip Kar-Gupta
LONDON (Reuters) - The London Stock Exchange's shares rose sharply as analysts said the LSE could find itself vulnerable to a bid if its planned tie-up with Canada's TMX falls apart following a counter offer for TMX.
Over the weekend, a group of Canadian banks and pension funds made a preliminary, $3.7 billion counter offer for Canada's stock market operator TMX, which itself has already agreed to be taken over by the LSE.
The counter-offer from the consortium, which has called itself the Maple Group, trumped the LSE's $3 billion approach for TMX and would prevent Canada's main bourse from falling into foreign hands.
Shares in the LSE were up 2.7 percent in mid-morning trade, as analysts said that if the British company's deal with TMX unraveled in the face of pressure from the Maple Group, the London operator may itself become a bid target.
"It potentially makes the LSE a takeover target if its own bid is scuppered," said IG Index sales trader Will Hedden.
Analysts added that if the LSE's TMX deal came apart, the British company would get back cash which would otherwise have been used on the deal, which could also boost its shares.
The LSE said on Monday that it remained committed to an agreed tie up with TMX, but the British company has found itself in the spotlight of predators in the past.
In 2004, Deutsche Boerse made a 1.3 billion pound offer for the LSE, while in 2007 Nasdaq failed in a hostile bid for the LSE. Continued...


text:
Denon AVR-S510BT 5.2 Channel Full 4K Ultra HD AV Receiver With Bluetooth
Model: AVR-S510BT UPC: 883795003674 Item: 163857
Questions? We're here to help.
Our take on the Denon AVR-S510BT
The Denon AVR-S510BT receiver delivers a perfect combination of high performance and high value. With Denon's exclusive set up assistant you can connect and configure your home theater system quickly and easily. This receiver lets you place two subwoofers in different locations in the room, allowing for a smoother deep bass. The receiver features Bluetooth capability and a USB port so you can charge your device while streaming your favorite tracks.
Product Information
AVR-S510BT 5.2 Channel Full 4K Ultra HD A/V Receiver with Bluetooth
The perfect combination of high performance and high value, the Denon AVR-S510BT delivers superb sonic fidelity along with a host of advanced features that includes compatibility with the latest HDMI 2.0 specification, along with the latest HDCP 2.2 specification that's required for 4K Ultra HD copy-protected content. The video section features 5 HDMI inputs, 3 of which feature 4K Ultra HD/60 Hz full frame rate and 4:4:4 Pure Color sub-sampling pass-through for the ultimate home theater experience.
Denon's exclusive Denon Setup Assistant quickly and easily guides you through the setup process, which includes automated speaker configuration and optimization using the supplied measuring microphone.
Featuring Bluetooth wireless audio streaming, the AVR-S510BT is also equipped with a convenient USB port on the front panel for streaming your favorite tracks and charging your portable device, and the Denon 500 Series Remote App lets you control the unit via your Bluetooth device.
AVR-S510BT Features:
Built-in Wireless Bluetooth Streaming
- The AVR-S510BT features Bluetooth streaming, supporting Bluetooth-equipped devices that support the A2DP (Advanced Audio Distribution Profile). Simply select the AVR-S510BT from your device's Bluetooth menu to turn on the receiver and start playing your music. The AVR-S510BT can remember up to 8 paired Bluetooth devices, so family and friends can listen to their favorite tracks.
Latest HDMI 2.0 and HDCP 2.2 Specifications
- Equipped with 5 HDMI inputs, the AVR-S510BT features support for 4K Ultra HD full frame rate 60 Hz pass-through on 3 inputs along with 4:4:4 Pure Color sub-sampling pass-through, along with 3D compatibility on all HDMI inputs. It's also equipped with HDCP 2.2 signal handling, a requirement for 4K Ultra HD copy-protected content.
Easy To Setup, Easy To Use
- With Denon's exclusive Setup Assistant along with the Quick Start Guide, you can connect and configure your home theater system quickly and easily. The AVR-S510BT comes with a setup measuring microphone that adjusts critical system parameters for top audio fidelity custom-tailored for your speaker system and listening space.
Dual Subwoofer Outputs
- The AVR-S510BT features dual subwoofer outputs, which lets you place 2 subwoofers in different locations in the room. That allows for smoother deep bass response, helping to eliminate room-induced acoustical interference, a common problem with single subwoofer setups.
Discrete Power Output Stage
- All 5 power amplifier stages feature true Class AB amplification, and are configured with discrete high current power transistors that can easily drive lower impedance 6 ohm speakers, and each channel is rated at a maximum of 140 watts of power.
Easy To Use Quick Select Functions
- Featuring a clean front panel design, the AVR-S510BT comes equipped with 4 Quick Select function buttons that let you choose from your most popular input sources, and the ergonomically designed remote also includes Quick Select buttons. With Quick Select, the AVR-S510BT remembers your preferred sources as well as your preferred audio settings for each source so you can enjoy precisely tailored sound with each one.
Bluetooth Remote App
- Download the 500 Series Denon Remote app and control your AVR-S510BT from your Bluetooth device. Functions include On/Off, Volume Up/Down, Mute and Source Selection. The app is available now in an Android version, and will soon be offered in an iOS version.
Compatible With Denon HEOS Link
- Denon's HEOS whole-home wireless audio sound system delivers the ultimate in sound quality, ease-of-use and system flexibility and the AVR-S510BT features compatibility with Denon's HEOS Link for easy remote control via the HEOS app.
Color Coded Speaker Terminals
- The AVR-S510BT features color coded loudspeaker terminals, and comes with color coded speaker labels that help ensure correct speaker cable hookups the very first time.
USB Connectivity
- In addition to numerous analog and digital A/V connectors, the AVR-S510BT features a convenient USB port on the front panel that's compatible with portable USB devices, and can play back a wide range of audio file types including MP3, WMA, FLAC and MPEG-4/AAC tracks.
AVR-S510BT Specifications:
Multichannel Surround
- DTS HD Master
- Dolby TrueHD
- Multichannel Stereo
- Max. number of processing (preamp) channels: 5.1
Sound Enhancements
- Discrete Power Amplifier
- Compressed Audio Restorer
- Compatible with Remote APP for Smart Phones: Android / iOS
- Compatible with Remote APP for Tablets: Android / iOS
- Bluetooth
- HDMI inputs: 5 (back)
- HDCP2.2 support
- HDMI outputs: 1 (main)
- GUI Overlay on HDMI
- 3D signal pass-through
- 4K signal pass-through
- HDMI pass-through in standby mode
- Auto speaker setup by microphone
- FL Display: 1 line
- Graphic User Interface - GUI
- GUI languages: 1
- Setup Assistant
- Quick Select
- Firmware Update by USB
- Variable cross over
- Auto Power off
- Sleep Timer
- Composite In / Out: 2 / 1
- HDMI In / Out: 5 / 1
- Analog In: 2
- Digital in (optical): 2
- Multichannel Pre Out: 0.2
- Subwoofer Out: 2
- Number of speaker terminals: 5
- Front Inputs: USB
- USB Audio
- AM/FM Tuner
- Number of Poweramps: 5
- Power Output (8 ohm, 20 Hz - 20 kHz, 0.08% 2ch Drive): 75 W
- Power Output (6 ohm, 1 kHz, 0.7% 2ch Drive): 110 W
- Power Output (6 ohm, 1 kHz, 10% 1ch Drive): 140 W
- System Remote Control: RC-1180
- Power Consumption in W: 330
- Standby Consumption in W: 0.3
- Dimensions: 17.1 × 12.6 × 6 (W x D x H)
- Weight in LBS: 17.4


text:
Search 321,000 hotels worldwide.
Get the price guarantee available for your trip.
No Expedia cancellation fee to change or cancel almost any hotel reservation.
Hotel stafff were extremely friendly and helpful. Great location on the beach, and walking distance to many resturaunts and shopping
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Full amenities. Very good location but very expensive
Hi. Expedia Gold Member- I travel a lot. I'm in a hotel 20 out of 30 days a month. I just recently stayed here and overall had a great time. Was reading reviews to see what others thought about the staff and seems a lot of people had the same experience I did. There's clearly an issue with the outside ...
Small rooms but the fantastic staff makes up for it.
Proximity to activities is excellent. Hotel service is excellent aside from food and beverage service where they are understaffed and overpriced. Hotel is in transition, adding 90 rooms and assume those issues will be addressed.
This hotel has the biggest and nicest rooms you will find for the cost in South Beach with private access to the beach.
Superb facility with only 15 villas. Marvelous restaurants, as secluded as you are likely to discover. Each guest has their own golf cart for transport. Vanderbilt mansion is the motif for the architecture.
The hotel is very classic! The staff could not have been more accommodating. The restaurant was terrific!
We had a great stay. The hotel proximity to Metro rail and to downtown was a big plus. The room was great but the only one thing my wife and I didn't like was the pillows they are very uncomfortable otherwisw everything was fine.
Take your vacation up a notch with reservations at a four-star hotel in Miami.
Miami is a city where celebrities and tourists alike go to bask in the sunshine.
Treat yourself and relish in the stardom when you visit this Floridian beach town. Known for its stunning white, sandy beaches, authentic Cuban cuisine, and historical Art Deco architecture, Miami charms and enchants every visitor. When you book a 4-star hotel in this city, you are in for a taste of the good life. After a long day on the beach, retire to your hotel and experience VIP treatment. Take a dip in the magnificent pool, dine at the glamorous on-site restaurant, or visit the spa for some much deserved pampering. Book a luxurious accommodation, and the paparazzi just make mistake you for a star.
Just because you are taking a walk on the extravagant side doesn't mean your checkbook needs to do the same. Here at Expedia, we offer the lowest rates on 4-star hotels in Miami, so you can experience your dream vacation at a reasonable price. Revel in the first-class treatment, and choose a room with a view of the sand and sea to customize your getaway just to your liking. We offer an impressive selection of Miami 4-star hotels to ensure your vacation is exactly as your imagined. From luxurious romantic hotels to dazzling family hotels, find the one for you today.


text:
Meetcha at the Blue Ramp
Scary to think that anybody could be all that nostalgic about 1986 (Challenger, Iran-Contra, Dennis Miller), but for the guys behind the upcoming Summer of '86 Dallas Punk Reunion, nostalgia capped off by the 20-year mark more than overpowers the bad stuff. The city already had another big local music throwback a few weeks ago at the Loco Gringos celebration, but this one aims to collect a bigger net of old-guard Dallasites:
"If you remember the Twilite Room/Theater Gallery rivalry, long hot days at the Ramp at Bachman Lake, Zorlac, Whip N Dip, nickle beer nights at Winedales, Assassins on Greenville, Stare Hard on KNON, On the Air giving way to the Video Bar, the Old Clearview, The Zines-Dallas Wake Up, Bad Karma, La Verdad, Dentown Skates and the end of the 18 and up drinking age, we want you."
The show, whose lineup is so far unannounced, is little more than a month away--August 19 at the Double Wide--but the organizers are on a mad hunt for a massive group of old-timers. The organizers can use all the help they can get in their search (who knows where the fuck "Oi Girl Dawn" is these days, right?), so if you're partial to the cause, grab your board and spread the word. --Sam Machkovech
Get the ICYMI: Today's Top Stories Newsletter Our daily newsletter delivers quick clicks to keep you in the know
Catch up on the day's news and stay informed with our daily digest of the most popular news, music, food and arts stories in Dallas, delivered to your inbox Monday through Friday.
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The Evidence-Based Practice Manual for Nurses : With Pageburst Mixed media product
by Professor Rosalind L. Smyth, Jean V., MSc,PhD, RSCN, RGN Craig
Edited by Jean V., MSc,PhD, RSCN, RGN Craig, Professor Rosalind L. Smyth
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- Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences
- Publication Date: 02/09/2011
- Category: Nursing
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Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
The prevalence of pulmonary aspergillosis is increasing because of the growing aged population and the diversity of medical treatments. However, it is not easy to diagnose aspergillosis microbiologically or pathologically. Although we frequently utilize CT-guided fine-needle aspiration (CT-FNA) for diagnosis of pulmonary aspergillosis, the usefulness and safety of the procedure is not well established. In this context, we have conducted a study to clarify the value of CT-FNA for making diagnosis of pulmonary aspergillosis.
We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of the individuals with pulmonary aspergillosis who underwent CT-FNA from April 2003 to March 2005, and analyzed the accuracy and complications of the procedure. We percutaneously punctured the cavitary lesions or infiltrations with chest CT guiding by using 21 or 23 gauges-needle. If no specimen was obtained, small amount of saline (two to five ml) was infused into the lesions and recollected. The specimens were examined microbiologically and cytologically.
Thirteen patients (8 males and 5 females) were enrolled and the mean age was 60.7 years old (41-77 years old). Six patients had been performed thoracic surgery previously and five had sequelae of tuberculosis. Diabetes mellitus and nontuberculous mycobacteriosis were associated with respective three cases. Two had been under medication with corticosteroid or immunosuppressive agents. Before CT-FNA, serial sputum cultures were negative in all cases, and bronchoscopic examinations were not conclusively diagnostic for aspergillosis in three. All patients were punctured successfully and sufficient specimens for the examinations were obtained. Aspergillus was isolated from six cases and five specimens were cytologically positive for Aspergillus. In total, eight of thirteen (61.5%) could be diagnosed pulmonary aspergillosis definitely by CT-FNA. In all patients, CT-FNA were performed without any serious complications such as pneumothorax or bleeding.
CT-FNA is an useful technique in defining diagnosis of pulmonary aspergillosis which could be conducted safely and less invasively.
If pulmonary aspergillosis is clinically suspected but the diagnosis is undetermined, CT-FNA should be considered as the next diagnostic approach.
Masateru Kawabata, None.
Tuesday, November 1, 2005
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FlightSimCon 2017 is getting close! June 10-11 near Hartford, CT - visit flightsimcon.com for more details
Unless otherwise advised by ATC, pilots do not require permission to change from tower frequency once clear of the control zone and should not request release from this frequency or report clear of the zone when there is considerable frequency congestion. When practicable, it is recommended that a pilot of a departing aircraft monitor tower frequency until 10 NM from the control zone.VFR flights will not normally be released from tower frequency while operating within the control zone. Once outside control zones, or when departing from an uncontrolled aerodrome where an MF has been assigned, beyond the range within which MF procedures apply, pilots should monitor frequency 126.7 MHz.
hey what tower was that out of i might be fling in and out of there this fall if it is kbvi


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Posted Wed 01 Jul 15 at 02:52 AM
Asamoah brace sinks persistent Bees ...
United had to dig deep to get their first home victory of the season as a big visiting side caused problems with a barrage of set piece deliveries and long throws which had the home back line stretched.
Carlisle started at a blistering pace and they took the lead with just two minutes on the clock when Miller jumped to meet a free kick from deep from Grainger. His header had power and Stephens could do nothing as it dropped into the back of his net.
Barnet responded with a run of three corners, punctuated by a half-hearted penalty appeal when Akinde tumbled in the box, and the hosts got away with it when a near post flick found Yiadom on his own. He had an empty net to aim at but his touch was weak and Gillespie made the save on the line.
It was high tempo stuff and a corner at the other end brought determination from Brough as he linked with Hery. The midfielder moved to the edge of the box to take the return pass and he went close with a fizzing shot which rushed just over the angle of post and bar.
The Bees used their height as they sent more set pieces into the danger area and Akinde was allowed to run free when a long ball spun under Joyce. He shot for the bottom corner but Gillespie was well placed to scoop it up.
Carlisle doubled their lead when Derek Asamoah sprung the offside trap to go one-on-one with Stephens. He went round the keeper, hesitated, beat him again and then calmly stroked it into the far corner.
Barnet looked to get themselves back into the game and they went close when Vilhete put his boot through a loose ricochet from another testing corner. It was heading into the onion bag until Grainger spread himself to make a vital block.
The Bees went close again from the next delivery when it bounced off Gash and bobbled across the face of goal. It took Akinde by surprise and he reacted late as it bobbled harmlessly away.
United looked under pressure and a Dembele header bounced onto the line from the underside of the bar as he leaped to send it through bodies. Miller had to be sharp as he jumped across to clear.
The visiting goal eventually came from another high ball when Bira Dembele arrived with pace and purpose. He caught it sweetly and it flew unhindered into the top corner.
Carlisle were pegged back to level terms just two minutes later when Gambin beat his man on the left flank. He curled a lovely ball to Michael Gash and Gillespie could only watch as the header stung his hands before it crossed the line.
Barnet tails were up and Akinde appeared to be through when Gillespie raced off his line as half time approached. A touch from the striker took the stopper out of the game and Miller had to recover before the open goal could be claimed.
United spirits were lifted ahead of the break when Hery and Thompson combined to get the ball into the box. Kennedy showed first but his header was always going high.
A deflected Brough shot kicked off the second period as Carlisle sought to reimpose themselves, but an Akinde toe poke was ruled out for offside at the other end as another good ball into the mix brought a fruitless close range finish.
Barnet should have taken the lead on 51 minutes when Raynes hesitated in possession right on the edge of his own area. Akinde took it off his toe and had two players in support, but he was left with explaining to do as he wasted the opening with a wayward shot.
The Bees were buzzing and they knocked loudly on the door when they picked up another loose ball in midfield. Togwell had a shot blocked as he went for it from distance and Gillespie had to save with his feet as Yiadom tried to snaffle up the loose pieces.
It hadn't been the best of afternoons for the Cumbrians but they went in front again on 64 minutes when Joyce sliced Barnet open with a lovely pass. McQueen took it on and his pass left Asamoah with the simple task of doubling his tally for the day from close range.
Togwell was a millimetre away with a 28 yard pop as Barnet pushed forward again and McQueen was off his bearings at the other end when he angled into the area. He had two unmarked men to service but it was a heavy touch and the moment was gone.
N'Gala hit the bar for a second time as the high deliveries continued to cause anguish, and Gillespie had to parry from McLean when he tried to squeeze it through from distance. Gillespie then had to back track and tip it over when the same player flicked a long throw high and at the roof of the net.
McLean, Weston and Akinde had efforts cleared as Barnet threw men forward but Carlisle had done enough as they made it back to back victories in the league.
United - Miller (2), Asamoah (19, 64)
Barnet - Dembele (29), Gash (31)
United - Gillespie (90)
Carlisle United - Gillespie, Miller, Raynes, Grainger, Thompson (McQueen 59), Brough (Osei 77), Hery (Dicker 67), Kennedy, Joyce, Ibehre, Asamoah. Subs - Hanford, Sweeney, Balanta, Rigg.
Barnet - Stephens, Johnson, Dembele, N'Gala, Yiadom, Weston, Akinde, Vilhete (Tomlinson 67), Gambin, Togwell (Muggleton 79), Gash (McLean 67). Subs - McKenzie-Lyle, Hoyte, Nelson, Champion.
Referee - Mr Nigel Miller
Attendance - 4,925 (132 away fans)
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text: Information Sharing & Analytics Orientation 7 March 2008 International Intelligence Fellows Program www.oss.net www.earth-intelligence.net Words for Each Slide in Notes Before We Begin…. The U.S. Intelligence Community Before & After 9/11 Collection Failure Breakdown in Coverage and Language Access Digital Analog English Language NRO NSA Foreign Languages* Oral/Unpublished FBIS UN/STATE CIA/DO Cascading Deficiencies: 1) Don't even try to access most information 2) Can't process hard-copy into digital 3) Can't translate most of what we collect *29 predominant languages, over 3,000 distinct languages in all. Processing Failure Breakdown in Exploitation, Dissemination 50% Less Costly Does Not Exist More Satisfying OSINT 0% HUMINT STATE SIGINT IMINT MASINT 50% What the Czar Does… I am NOT making this up…. Analytic Matrix for Understanding, Dialog & Action Over Time Affordable, Implementable 50-Year Strategy for Using Public Intelligence to Save Humanity & Earth Credible, Complete Plan for Integrating Public Information to Create Public Understanding and MorallySound Sustainable Policies & Harmonized Budgets at Every Level of Action Without Centralizing Anything at All URL: http://www.earth-intelligence.net, Click on about EIN for 10-page brochure. Earth Intelligence Network: High-Level Threat Summary + Two Breach of Trust Demands Electoral Reform Insist on legislation passing by 4 July'08 Poverty Infectious Disease Environmental Degradation Inter-State Conflict • Without borders • Kills rich & leaders • Prevention critical • Low cost medicine • Changes that took 10,000 yrs now take 3 • Toxicity of everything • Poisoned earth/water • Security Council members sell the guns • Ban on arms exports • Regional peace nets Civil War Genocide Other Atrocities Proliferation • Corruption • Dictators (42 of 44 supported by USA) • Over basics of life • Resource scarcity • Lifetime of learned hatreds • Israel must adapt • Child slavery • Child prostitution • By name kidnapping • Murder for body parts • Cluster bombs, land mines, & small arms • Peaceful energy trumps nuclear bombs Terrorism Transnational Crime Corruption Fraud • One man's bribe is a community's loss of all • Open Money and Open Books can fix • Must improve salaries across the board • Apply Tobin Tax of .0006 to all Federal Reserve transactions • IRS gets same books as stockholders • "True Costs" up front • Pandemic • 5 billion globally • Increasing in USA • Foundation for all other threats • Cannot win "war" against a "tactic" • Law enforcement can resolve this • Too much on military, not enough on aid • $2 trillion a year • Vatican, Wall Street, USG, Mafia all are intertwined • Drug cash is liquidity Earth Intelligence Network: Transpartisan Policy Summary Debt. $9 Trillion is "a lot," Debt scales & incapacitates. USA Insolvent. MUST HAVE a Balanced Budget 25 years out. Agriculture Diplomacy Economy Education • Local & Organic • Deep Root Farming • Family/Community Owned Farming • Dogma kills • Restore USIA • Need global information sharing • End CEO Greed • $10/hr minimum wage • Full employment • LOCAL supply chain • Self-paced Online • Apprenticeships • Team Learning • Learn to learn Energy Family Health Immigration • Wind & Solar NOW • Portable Hydrogen • Two-way Grid • Green capitalism • One job per couple • End overtime • Community Centers • Build neighborhoods • Lifestyle • Environment • Natural Cures • Generic at 1% of cost • Enforce Labor Law • GLOBAL standards •Border Patrol +25,000 • National Service 2 yrs Justice Security Society Water • Pardon all marijuana offenders • Wind down the prison-slave complex • Eliminate corporate "personality" amnesty • Wage peace not war •Reduce the militaryindustrial complex • Belief systems and morality are core. • Connect 5B poor • Universal service • Universal health care • Preventive medicine • English required for citizenship & extended residence • Reflect True Cost • Global Manhattan Project to restore aquifers, push salt back • Regional Water Authorities (Global) Earth Intelligence Network: Transpartisan Challengers Summary Eight Challengers, Four Methods Our only hope is to create an EarthGame™ the Challengers Can Use Brazil China India Indonesia • Demographic power • Energy independent • Macau connection to China • Energy Crisis • Water Crisis • Doing well on poverty • Exporting wombs • Water crisis • Most complex mix • IT rich, farm poor • Merits investments • Proving resilient • Rich in resources • Key to anti-piracy • Could lead region Iran Russia Venezuela Wild Cards • We overturned their democracy • Persians are not ragheads • Get over it & deal • Putin on a roll • Buffer on China only if we keep it European • Enormous potential • Embrace & assist • Populism is not socialism • Energy independent • Charismatic leaders can be ignorant • Congo •Malaysia • Pakistan • South Africa • Turkey Budget Design EarthGame™ "True Costs" • Balanced budget mandatory • Medicare okay if go with generic drugs • Too much on spies & military, shift $250B/yr • Sustainable • Cradle to Cradle • Lease don't buy • Minimize shipping • End absentee owners • Public Health • Reality plus budgets plus active citizens online levels the field • For one third of war costs, can eliminate all ten high-level threats • Every product and service can be listed in online database • End-user can get true costs at point of sale via cell phone Affordable NOW First, get US to pay for Multinational Decision Support Centre and ASG/DS Second, creat $1 trillion a year Range of Gifts Table posted online Third, host an annual Harmonized Giving Conference for Foundations, Governments, and Corporations, with an individual donor table online. DSS Mission Statement • The Department of Safety and Security is responsible for providing leadership, operational support and oversight of the security management system to enable the safest and most efficient conduct of the programmes and activities of the United Nations System. • Observation: Information is the modern means for achieving security, both for protection of UN personnel, facilities, organizations, and missions, and for the host member states and indigenous or migrant populations. DSS Deficiencies of Concern • • • • • Threat Risk Assessments are delayed & incomplete Threat Risk Assessments do not reflect 360° UN System view nor regional/adjacent threat information Threat Risk Assessments do not have a well-founded directory of Indicators, Accelerators, and Triggers relevant to UN System security. UN Missions & individual UN agencies or forces have no integrated decision-support mechanism helpful to one and all. UN System has no global directory of sources with defined biases, sponsors, or agendas. • • • • UN System is not perceived as having an effective but totally moral, legal, ethical information system helpful to both the UN System & Host Government. UN System does not have safe, efficient, or reliable (constant) means of sharing helpful information across all UN System boundaries (agencies, countries, missions, locations) UN System information is not efficiently acquired, exploited, or shared UN System has no means for identifying relevant sources, softwares, and services for multinational information sharing and internal analytics. • UN System is not recognizing information as a major contributor to security. DSS Host Overview • We Must Connect – – – – – DPA DPI DPKO DSS All Other • Participating Groups – – – – – – UNIIIC UNIFIL ESCWA DSS UNTSO UNDOF • Three P's – Posture – Perception – Political Compromise • Fundamentals – – – – – Food & Water Shelter Clothing Education Security • JOC/JMAC useful model • Member Nations creating Open Source Intelligence units (e.g. Scotland Yard) that have been very effective in achieving improved security. Sharing Legal Ethical Information Can Enhance Security & Performance for All Nine Pillars of Vulnerability Mitigation in UN System Security • POLITICAL COMPROMISE • OPERATIONAL PROCEDURES • MEDIA MANAGEMENT • PHYSICAL SECURITY • MANDATE & MISSION • TECHNICAL SECURITY • POSTURE & PERCEPTION • HUMAN INTELLIGENCE (Defensive Passive CounterSurveillance, Surveillance Detection, NOT Offensive Penetration) • INFORMATION MANAGEMENT Information—Open, Legal, Ethical Information—is the Essential Means for Mitigating All Nine UN System Vulnerabilities While Also Contributing to UN System Efficiency in Every Organization, at Every Level, for Every Function and Mission. Conceptual Opportunity • IOSAS – – – – – Integrated Open Source Analytical Support • UNODIN – – – – – – United Nations Open-Source Decision-Support Information Network Mission Joint Operations Centers and Force Joint Military Analysis Centers exist now, at an elementary level as conceptualized by MajGen Cammaert. Our endeavors will over time dramatically improve both JOC & JMAC concepts, doctrine, manning, equipping, training, outsourcing, sourcing, & analytics. Our objective over the next 20 years is to establish a global grid that makes the UN System the world's best Early Warning, Multinational Information Sharing, and Decision Support capability in support of peace and prosperity. Information should be the nerves, blood, and brain of the UN System. Goal of the Training Initiative 1 2 Open Source Information • The goal of this training initiative is to find ways to efficiently and effectively navigate the broad spectrum of open source material available, and to integrate pertinent elements of the 80% into the 20% available from currently recognized national and UN sources into an Integrated Open Source Analytic Support (IOSAS) mechanism. 1. Host Country National/Military Security, Diplomatic Missions 2. UNDSS, DPA, DPI, Other UN Agencies, Other NGO Three-Day Plan Thursday • Introductions of Participants • Strategic View of Multinational Information Operations • Discussion of Two Online Guides with Links: – www.oss.net/BASIC – www.oss.net/LIBRARY • Discussion of Current Event Information • Participant Identification of Top Issues for Discussion • Sources & Methods (eg NATO) • How to Create a Wiki for Any Mission (eg30 ExpertWiki) NOTE: This gathering has three purposes: 1. To introduce six UN Lebanon groups to one another in person for improved sharing & support. 2. To identify global online and offline resources immediately available, free, to all participants.& their colleagues 3. To begin the process, with this "Class Before One" of defining how best to enhance UN access to and exploitation of multinational information among DSS, DPA, DPI, IM. Friday • Sources – 24/7 Call-In Number – Eight Sharing Tribes – Source Directory – Belief Systems – Financial Sources – Subscription Sources – Password-Protected • Methods – Internet Speed – Online versus Personal – Cultural Factors – Creating Flow – Forecasting – Summaries & Opinions • Indicators, Accelerants, & Triggers (Share & Improve) • Empowering Technologies – Ingestion – Sense-Making – Sharing – SILOBREAKER • Organizational Engineering – The Boss – The Source – The Budget – The Public Saturday • Security Risk Assessment (Training Exercise) - Brief Senior Person from Each of Six UN Elements - Establish missing Essential Elements of Information (EEI) - Discuss the needs of senior officers (e.g. Commissioner, spokesperson for UNIFIL) • Open Dialog • Challenge Questions • Specify follow-up actions for instructor and for participants in next thirty days • Instructor to develop a proposed syllabus for UN DSS open source decision support information network (UNODIN) and with help from participants, a draft UN Handbook on Early Warning, Multinational Information Sharing, and Decision Support. NOTE: all opinions are personal and off the record. Class Before One • A training concept—before the first "official" class, there is always a "Class Before One" that helps develop the need, the solution, and the presentation. • You are the Class Before One. Be very proud of this, each of you is a UN System decision-support pioneer. Imagine the UN System as a Wealth Creation Network Information Management is the center of gravity for UN System. Public Advantage I Here in 2008! We were here in 2006… US public scared back into reading and thinking; 75K amputees, GAO declares USA insolvent, 27 secessionist movements, "home rule" up, and corporate personality down. Critical Junctures 9-11 & Katrina, then multiple policy failures Public Advantage II TOP-DOWN COMMAND & CONTROL OLD SINGLE-CULTURE SINGLE-ORGANIZATION EQUITIES LEADERS DECIDE SECRET SOURCES & METHODS Sustainable Reality-Based Transpartisan Budgets OBSCURE DETAIL TIME IMPACT SHORT TIME IMPACT LONG OBVIOUS DETAIL OPEN SOURCES & METHODS Localized Resilience PEOPLE DECIDE MULTI-CULTURAL & TRANS-NATIONAL EQUITIES NEW BOTTOM-UP INFORMATION-SHARING Public Advantage III Expert Forum Shared Calendar Shared Rolodex Distance Learning Virtual Library Shared 24/7 Plot Virtual Budget Weekly Review Public Advantage IV National Military Law Enforcement Targeting Secrets "Intelligence" Investigation Imagery "Protected" Open Academic Secret Sensitive Private Open Pricing Information Cost Information Order of Battle Mapping Client Information Undercover Signals Business Privacy External Information Metrics NGO-Media Secret Sensitive Private Open Citizen+ Secret Sensitive Private Open Public Advantage V This is the real "End Game" Future Vision for Global Information Sharing & Management Organizations Current Story Lebanon: Fatah al-Islam No. 2 killed Fateh Al-Islam Al Qaeda Gama´a al-Islamiyya Fatah Party Show More Key Phrases Refugee Camp Terrorist Group Martyrdom Allotment Show More Topics Civil Disruption / Riots Democratization Land Forces Documents matching your search Documents | Stories Territorial Disputes All (67) | News (67) | Reports (0) | Blogs (0) | Audio/Video (0) | Fact Sheets (0) Show More Documents Sort by: Date | Relevance Cities While Gaza burns Haaretz 08/21/2007 Tripoli (Libya) Quotes ...near the Palestinian refugee camp of Nahr el-Bared where Fatah Islam militants have been fighting Beirut Lebanese soldiers for more than two months. "Cabinet was informed by Interior Minister Hassan Sabei that Lebanese security forces have killed the Fatah Islam's No 2 in the Abu Samra neighbourhood" in Tripoli, Aridi told reporters Damascus following a Cabinet meeting last night [08/07/2007] DDI News - Lebanon announces killing Fatah Islam deputy ʿAmman commander The group said it was bringing the 'good news to the Muslims of the martyrdom of a noble brother,' Show More Countries Lebanon Syria United States Israel Show More according to the statement. "We in the Fatah Islam movement and all the true mujahideen, pledge to God to avenge our brother's blood from the infidels and the renegades" The authenticity of the statement, posted on a Web site which commonly carries messages from Al Qaeda and other militant groups, could not be independently... [08/09/2007] FOXNews.com - Fatah Islam's No. 2 Killed by Lebanese Troops • • www.silobreaker.com is the single best tool, free for now Sense-making tools can be applied to both their content and yours. Intelligence = Decision Support • Intelligence is a process that creates decisionsupport. • It is NOT defined by secret sources & methods. • The Brahimi Report, Military Advisors to the Secretary General, and The High Level Threat Panel all validate urgency of creating a UN/NGO global decision support and multinational information sharing network. Orientation, Not Micro-Training • You will learn more on your own, and by sharing with one another, than can be taught here in three days • www.oss.net/BASIC has the primary links • www.oss.net/LIBRARY has 30,000 pages from 750+ speakers, this directory can be sorted and also searched • Consider viewing the lectures and movies first, especially the lectures on Analysis & New Rules, and the movie on Creating the World Brain. Analysis is a Profession • Four D's – – – – Discovery Discrimination Distillation Delivery • If you do nothing else, read the Analytic Tradecraft booklet by Jack Davis, easily accessed online, free, via www.oss.net/BASIC. • Facts Are Not Enough – – – – – – – – History Cultural Context Adjacent Players Localized Indicators, Accelerators, Triggers Sharing 24/7 Cast a Wide Net Wild Cards Abound Thinking Matters More Than Technology Ten High-Level Threats • Poverty • Infectious Disease • Environmental Degradation • Inter-State Conflict • Civil War • • • • • Genocide Other Atrocities Proliferation Terrorism Transnational Crime Every Mission Confronts These Ten Threats One Way or Another— Avoid Narrow Focus, Always See the Forest, Not Just The Tree in Front of You Open Sources & Ten Threats • Economic and social threats including – poverty, – infectious disease and – environmental degradation 95% 99% 95% 90% • Inter-State conflict • Internal conflict, including – civil war, – genocide and – other large-scale atrocities • Nuclear, radiological, chemical, and biological weapons (proliferation) • Terrorism • Transnational organized crime 75% 90% 80% 95% 95% 75% 80% 80% On balance, open sources are more than adequate to understand and address the ten high-level threats, but the UN System's Information Management is not. Scotland Yard OSINT 1. Created Open Source Branch in SO-11 in 1995 2. This helped put more terrorists and arms smugglers in jail faster and cheaper (instead of 3000 Euro for a surveillance team, 30 Euro for an address) 3. Unanticipated bonus: increased property and financial assets that could be confiscated from convicted organized crime bosses. Eastern Congo Twelve Action Areas • • • • • • Agriculture Diplomacy Economy Education Energy Family • • • • • • Health Immigration/Migration Justice Security Society Water Every Mission Has Narrow Channels and Deep Bureaucracies. Information Sharing is a Proper Ethical Means for Enhancing Effectiveness. If Any Action Area is Overlooked, Boss Needs to Know This. Analysis Cannot Do It All Prediction/Prevention You 1. 2. 3. 4. Improve Sources Improve Sharing Improve Analysis Improve Decisions by Supported Bosses Retaliation Self protection Everyone Else Environmental Security Model for Analytic Purpose Surprise Casualty Potential Probability Hezbollah, Iran, Regional Surprise Warning, meaning, need, elsewhere Probability: High Damage: Very High Surprise: Strikes Outside of Lebanon, Not by Hezbollah Israel 9-11 in Tel Aviv • • • • • • • 14 Aug 07 News Release Sheikh Hassan Nasrallah promises "surprise" if Israel attacks Lebanon again. Hezbollah has not been disarmed—15,000 rockets remain hidden (other source) Lebanon divided, Israeli soldiers still captive, situation is volatile Direct negotiations could help, truth & reconciliation Israel may not appreciate full extent of Iranian ability to provide supporting attacks, e.g. exploding buildings in Tel Aviv, cutting of US land supply line from Kuwait to Baghdad, Sunburn missile attack against Maritime Force. Israel, not Iran or Syria, is the most likely to take unilateral violent action that will trigger the "surprise." Why Analysts Are Special I N F O R M A T I O N Available Information Actionable Intelligence The New Intelligence Gap: the difference between what you can know and what you can use! TIME Complex Organizations are Drowning in Information. Analytic Tradecraft, Applied by Analysts, is the Solution. Levels of Analysis: Threat Changes! STRATEGIC Integrated Application Military Sustainability Geographic Location Civil Allies OPERATIONAL Selection of Time and Place Military Availability Geographic Resources TACTICAL Application of Finite Resources Military Reliability Geographic Terrain TECHNICAL Isolated Capabilities Civil Stability Civil Psychology Military Lethality Geographic Atmosphere Civil Infrastructure Over time and space Channels & Borders Of strategic value Quantities & Distribution Internally available for use Volatility of sectors Training & Maintenance Mobility implications Cohesion & Effectiveness Military Systems One by One Climate Manipulation Civil Power, Transport, Communications, Finance This is very important. The threat changes depending on the level of analysis, and the threat is distinct, more on this shortly, in relation to the UN Mission, fixed facilities, mobile units, and individuals with both fixed homes and mobile platforms. Creating an Analysis Cell Central discovery, distributed exploitation Senior All-Source Collection Manager Internet Specialist Commercial Online Expert Primary Research External Contracts All-Source Analyst/ Presentation Manager • Six people can leverage global open sources for an entire Ministry or Service or Command • This reduces duplication while increasing decision support to all bosses • Saves money and creates value that can be shared with host country and others Seven Tribes (Eight) Religions, Clans, Labor Unions, Citizen Observers National NGOs Military Media Academic Law Enforcement Business New Decision-Support Paradigm OLD • NGO's Don't "Do" • Policy Over Intelligence • Unilateral • Mostly Secret • Technical Emphasis • Collection Emphasis • One-language filter • Mistakes hidden • Short-term thinking NEW • Brahimi Report ++ • Intelligence Over Policy • Multilateral • Mostly Public • Human Emphasis • Analysis Emphasis • Multi-lingual filters • Mistakes acknowledged • Long-term thinking Open Source Intelligence I Lessons of History China, Islam, Ethnic, Etc. I Lessons of History • Neither the academics nor the government have done well here. • We need to fund both specialists in history, and a massive digitization project for Chinese, Islamic, other key histories. Open Source Intelligence II Multinational Burden Sharing II Global Coverage Cost-Sharing with Others-Shared Early Warning • No one has the time, money, or ability to cover the world. • We must find new means of sharing the burden of collection, translation, digitization of global open sources in 33+ languages. • The Internet is vital. Open Source Intelligence III Leveraging the Private Sector III National Intelligence Harness distributed intelligence of Nation • We must establish open protocols for linking and leveraging the other tribes: military, law enforcement, business, academic, NGO-media, and religious. • A global intelligence federation is needed. This Is Reality: We Go For The Green! Information-Sharing & Decision-Support Targeting Signals Imagery Order of Battle Secrets Mapping "Intelligence" "Protected" Open Undercover Investigation Privacy Metrics Secret Sensitive Private Open Client Information Pricing Information Cost Information External Information Secrets "Intelligence" Secret Sensitive Private Open "Protected" Copyright OSS.Net © 2007 Open Facing Reality • Amilcar Cabral, African freedom fighter (1924-1973): Hide nothing from the masses of our people. Tell no lies. Expose lies whenever they are told. Mask no difficulties, mistakes, failures. Claim no easy victories. ... Our experience has shown us that in the general framework of daily struggle, this battle against ourselves, this struggle against our own weaknesses ... is the most difficult of all. • Henry Stiller, DG of Histen Riller, at French Information Congress, IDT '93: 95% de l'information don't une enterprise a besoin peut s'aquiris par des moyens honorables. • Tony Zinni, former CINCCENT: 80% of what I needed to know as CINCENT I got from open sources rather than classified reporting. And within the remaining 20%, if I knew what to look for, I found another 16%. At the end of it all, classified intelligence provided me, at best, with 4% of my command knowledge. • Daniel Elsberg, speaking to Henry Kissinger: The danger is, you'll become like a moron. You'll become incapable of learning from most people in the world, no matter how much experience they have in their particular areas that may be much greater than yours" [because of your blind faith in the value of your narrow and often incorrect secret information]. • Ted Shackley, Clandestine & Covert Operations Leader: In short, the collapse of the communist system in Central Europe has created a new situation for intelligence collectors. I estimate, based in part on my commercial discussions since 1990 in East Germany, Poland, Albania, Czechoslovakia, and Hungary, that 80 percent of what is on any intelligence agency's wish list for this area as of 1991 is now available overtly. Copyright OSS.Net © 2007 Enhancing Performance I Data standards and sharing matter Open Human It's the back and forth that allows DNA to define life. • From north to south, Imagery east to west, if the Signals information is not entered digitally and according to some agreed upon standard, it will not be shared and will not contribute to UN early warning or decision support. Tip of the hat to the Director of the NIA in South Africa for this important insight. Enhancing Performance II 24/7 Geospatial "Plot" is Vital • There is no substitute for a 24/7 watch center that has a geospatial "plot" and can combine a knowledge of intelligence sources with a real-world depiction of locations, vehicles, targets, and individuals. Enhancing Performance III Fail in Isolation, Thrive in Combination • We are our own worst enemy. • Compartmentation and security are the enemy of timely intelligence. • Sources achieve their greatest effect when combined, not when "Okay, so maybe I was wrong not isolated. to tell you about my source--but you should have told me first…..." The Big Picture Four processing quadrants IV - Organizational Intelligence Out-Sourcing of Information Processing Organizational Memory System EXTERNAL CHUNKS (Intellectual Property) Patents, Etc. Data Visualization III - External Information Environmental Monitoring Technology Monitoring Customer Monitoring Trade Secrets Meta-Data Government Monitoring E-Commerce TECHNICAL Automated Analysis Project/Group Management Heterogeneous Search & Retrieval Data Conversion Vendor Reporting Knowledge Capital™ Rolodexes/E-Mail Expert Hires "Just Enough, Just in Time" Business Intelligence Institutionalized Local Knowledge HUMAN Training Personal Brand Cell # Churning (Rotationals) Internal Reporting PERSONALITY (Insight/Intuition) Trip Reports INTERNAL I - Knowledge Management II - Collaborative Work Processing Quadrant #1 Knowledge Management INTERNAL • Internal Reporting • Vendor Reporting • Project Management • Data Conversion • Automated Analysis • Know what you know • Do not lose data, insights, links • Integrate people, projects, vendors, times, places, objects • Optimize application of technology to internal information Processing Quadrant #2 Collaborative Work INSIGHT • Employee Brand Names • Rolodexes • E-Mail Directories • Cell Telephone Networks • Trip Reports • Rotationals • Training • • • • • • • • Human Capital Inherent in People Who They Know How They Know When They Know What They Do Who They Tell How They Feel Processing Quadrant #3 External Information Acquisition EXTERNAL • Local knowledge • Expert hires "just enough, just in time" • Customer monitoring • Government monitoring • Technology monitoring • Environment monitoring • Legal, ethical, open! • Peter Drucker says this (external) must be the focal point for the next 50 years of innovation • OLD: spend on bodies & technology • NEW: spend on external information services in all languages, from all sources, all the time Processing Quadrant #4 Organizational Intelligence MEMORY • Intellectual Property • Organizational Memory • Meta-Data • History of Information • Electronic/Human Links • Survive Human Turnover • • • • Data standards Data entry mandated Storage & retrieval Historical access without legacy system training • Employee shoeboxes integrated/not lost ProcessingFinished Intelligence and Reporting Desktop: Revision Tracking and Realtime Group Review Analytic Toolkit Desktop Publishing and Word Processing A Collaborative Work B C Interactive Search and Retrieval of Data Clustering and Linking of Related Data Conversion of Paper Documents to Digital Form Eighteen ComputerAssisted Capabilities Production of Graphics, Videos and Online Briefings Notetaking and Organizing Ideas Graphic and MapBased Visualization of Data Statistical Analysis to Reveal Anomalies Automated Foreign Language Translation Structured Argument Analysis Modeling and Simulations Detection of Changing Trends Processing Images, Video, Audio, Signal Data Detection of Alert Situations Automated Extraction of Data Elements From Text and Images Standardizing and Converting Data Formats Processing Desktop No Easy Solutions, Not Integrated Plan **Powerize Extend Other CATALYST Elements? Excaliber Copernic Collect **C-4-U Scout SYSTRAN+? Topic **CI Spider GMS, Athens **E-Sense Google I2 Analyst Notebook Aerotext **Corporate Intelligence Service **Knowledge.Works OSALAT Information Portal, Silobreaker Comprendium **WisdomBuilder Identifier, SIFT, Analyst Workbench CrimeLink OnTopic, Labrador **Plumtree Corporate Portal **TextAnalyst **Strategy! Intelligent Miner Groove? For Text **Wincite **Market Signal Analyzer Share Analyze EDGE? ClearForest Suite DARPA STRONG ANGEL? Report ** Previously reviewed in the Fuld & Co. Software Report Content Extractor MindMap? USSOCOM OSINT TOOLS • These are the specific products used now. They are not integrated. • Collection: Copernic Pro (Internet search and download engine); Teleport Pro • • • (Internet spider); Convera Spider (Spider -- downloads all or selected parts of a website); Inxight StarTree / Crawler (Internet web site relationship mapper) Process: Copernic Summarizer (Summarizes individual files); SummIT! (Specialty summarizer embedded within Retrievalware and Semio); Convera Retrievalware (Data indexing and free text search engine); Inxight ThingFinder (Categorizing entity extractor, allows for determination of relationships between known entities and unknown people, places, things, etc.); Semio Taxonomy (Automatically put data into pre-determined taxonomies for methodological retrieval); Apptek Machine Translation Database (Ibase / Ibridge) ((database for analyst notebook)); Inxight Categorizer (Smart categorizer) Analyze: Convera Retrievalware (Data indexing and free text search engine); Inxight ThingFinder (Categorizing entity extractor, allows for predetermination or relationships between known entities and unknown people, places, things, etc.); Semio Taxonomy (Automatically put data into pre-determined taxonomies for methodological retrieval) Visualize: Webtas (Allows you to put data into a timeline with corresponding map information); Analyst Notebook (De-facto standard product for link product development but manual in nature— Talend Extract, Transform, Load (ETL) is better tool); Spire (Visualization application with "terrain" map view of data; MapInfo (Mapping package); ARCView / ArcIMS (Mapping package); Propeller (data linages (primarily communications focused); Intranet Brain (Web site mapping); EnFish Onespace (Indexing engine for analyst pc's Rule 7 "Two levels down" is the new standard State Targets -Lots of Assets Organizational Targets -Very Few Assets Individual Targets -Virtually No Assets • Nation-states are old targeting standard • New standard is at the province, company, and individual level • This is a double order of magnitude increase in the difficulty of being adequate Rule 13 Cross-fertilization matters more Consumer Collector Analyst Source • Old approach: consumer to analyst to collector to source-the linear paradigm • New approach is the diamond paradigm where collectors and analysts help consumers talk directly to sources Rule 15 Collaborative Work & Informal Deals Rise • Intelligence collectors and analysts will have personal "brands" • Peer to peer networks will form quickly to tackle new problems • Electronic access more important than physical location Rule 18 Collection doctrine more sophisticated • FIND the data if you FIND -- free, internal already know it • GET the data if it can be GET -- free, allies gotten free from an ally or NATO or the church BUY -- low cost • BUY the data from the private sector TASK -- expensive • TASK organic collectors as a last resort Rule 21 Strategic intelligence matters more PAST FUTURE NOW OPTIONS • Estimative intelligence must be restored as one of the primary objectives of analysis • Intelligence must support preventive action (in advance of the threat's maturing), and budget trade-off decisions Security Risk Assessment • Political: History, Incidents, UNIFIL Vital • Media: Local, Regional, International • Security: Mission, Facilities, Units in Motion, Individuals (Vulnerabilities & Mitigation) • Important Points of Mention – Place for anything not fitting template – Distinguish between facts and opinions • DIME: Diplomatic, Information, Military, Economic (UN needs pro-active media strategy, media play, good & bad, vital) SRA Process and Stages – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – Introduction Stage One: Programme Assessment Stage Two: Threat Assessment A. Situational Awareness B. Determination of Threats Stage Three: Vulnerability Assessment A. Vulnerabilities B. Strengths Stage Four: Risk Analysis Stage Five: Select Options A. General Options B. Improved Minimum Operating Standards (MOSS) Stage Six: Make Decisions A. Step One: Determine Priorities and Create a Timeline B. Step Two: Determine Funding and Resource Needs Stage Seven: Implementation Stage Eight: Review and Monitoring A B C 1 2 3 4 1: Mission 2. Facilities 3. Movement 4. Individuals A: Beirut B. North C: South Remember: the Threat CHANGES Depending on the Level of Analysis (e.g. Local versus Provincial versus National) Amazon Could Be World Brain All Information, All Languages, All the Time One-Stop Shop Displaces Intermediaries & Triples Profit Expert Forum Shared Calendar Distance Learning Shared Rolodex OPG VPN Shared 24/7 Plot Virtual Library Virtual Budget Weekly Review Major Capabilities in India, Singapore, South Africa, Panama, Roving Collection Teams 360° 24/7 All Languages…. UN Could Monetize Its Information Become the Earth Intelligence Network Tailored Decision-Support on Each Topic Collect & Produce Real-Time Raw Information Use Information to Stabilize & Enrich Brazil China European Union Indonesia India Indonesia Russia Real-world Real-time Dollars & Sense USA Venezuela Wild Card(s) Outputs: Sustainable Solutions for Ten High-Level Threats Inputs: Twelve Policies Actualized in All Budgets at All Levels Integrated Open-Source Analytic Support (IOSAS) within Missions & Centers Evolved into the Universal Open-Source Decision-Support Information Network (UNODIN) Academic Expert Published Authors Amazon Expert Published Authors STRATEGIC VIEW Multinational Information Sharing Activity IO/NGO & Indigenous Practitioners Coalition Civil Affairs Units OPERATIONAL VIEW Copyright OSS.Net © 2007 IDEN: Military as hub does not resonate—why not civilians? Robert: Military is "core" force, only integrated force able to move, do, and communicate. Military Hubs Key to low-cost free offline digitization and localized acquisition. Host Govt Host Academia CCC M4IS (Two-Way Reach-Back) BIG PIPE Host LEA Coalition Military Hub at Home Spoke at CCC Free Online Access & Call Centers Host Business Directly responsive to USG Inter-Agency Directly responsive to UN/NGOs in S&R Decision-Support, Predictive Analysis, on Irregular Threats Copyright OSS.Net © 2007 Host NGO Host Media Host Civil • Advocacy Groups • Labor Unions • Religions & Tribes Regional Information Center C hie f o f C e nter S ing a po re D ep uty fo r C o lle ction D e pu ty for Pro ce ssing D e pu ty for An a lysis A u stra lia M a laysia C hina O S IN T D igitization W a rn ing H U M IN T Tran slation E stim a tive IM IN T V isua liza tion C ou n tries S IG IN T A n alytic Su p po rt Issu es Deputy for Counterintelligence Japan Copyright OSS.Net © 2007 Deputy for Covert Action Thailand Political Compromise • • • • • • • Implications for safety and security Forget about "national" analysis Focus on regions, tribes, clans, families. Grasp history as a foundation. Visualize competing equities. Value transparency and integrity. The UN System must always be perceived as moral and free of bias. Media Management • Media is not just the broadcast "main" media but also the Internet, sermons, and other forms of narrowcast. • Monitoring the media is an essential aspect of situational awareness. • "Spin" is misunderstood as manipulation. The UN System must focus on getting its message into all forms of media, this is a vital aspect of "intangible" security. Mandate & Mission • The UN mandates and mission are inherently flawed for lack of adequate decision support, inclusive of a grasp of history and a nuanced understanding of all regional actors. • Security comes from accuracy of understanding, before and during the mission. Posture & Perception • Posture defines perception. A lack of clear communication to every actor of relevance to the UN System is a death wish. • Posture is a message. • Perception is the mission. • Every action the UN System takes to communicate its goodness, its good works, is one less bullet, one less bomb. Information Management • The UN System is operating at less than 20% of capacity for two simple reasons: – Lack of 100MB Internet access for every UN employee at work and at rest. – Lack of access to the 80% of the open source information needed to be effective at the strategic, operational (regional), tactical, and technical levels. • Information is security. Information is efficiency. Information will define the UN System of the future. Operational Procedures • The threat to the UN System is as follows: • • • • • • • • Internal bureaucracy and big egos/small minds Lack of full access to all relevant information Recalcitrant Member Nations Organized opposition groups Internal espionage from Member Nations Lack of employee training and situational awareness Lack of focus by managers at all levels Lack of funding or influence over external funds • Information management can resolve all of these deficiencies. Physical Security • Physical security of fixed installation is the most tangible mission of DSS, and also the least important. • Virtual security is much more important and demands total situational awareness and total efficiency. • Morality, and the perception of the UN System as unbiased and totally for the good of the community being served, is the ultimate security. Technical Security • Defensive surveillance detection, and especially alert human intelligence able to observe and detect hostile surveillance of UN System sites and individuals, is the single most essential function of DSS. • Technical surveillance detection requires both constant audio-visual coverage, and constant human and technical review of the captured images and sounds. Human Intelligence • DSS is best served by having the most intelligent, dedicated, and intuitive humans on the planet. • There is no higher moral duty than to serve the UN System by protecting its missions, facilities, movements, and individuals. • Security is not about guns. • Security is about minds in constant action. Information Peacekeeping #1 Changing What Nations Spend Money On, While Focusing $1T in Charitable Funding for Ten Threats & Twelve Action Areas th er s Health O Culture R us sia Education pe Assistance Eu ro Intelligence U SA Diplomacy 0 500 Military • Public intelligence can change public spending priorities • Less on military, more on everything else • Global intelligence can create global security forces and funds for sustaining Earth and Peace Information Peacekeeping #2 Changing When & How We Intervene • Public warning can change public policy – – – – – – More Prevention More Peacekeeping More Education More Long-Term Aid Less Corruption Less Censorship We have a sacred duty. "Inconvenient Warning" & "Warning Fatigue" Are Obstacles. Information Peacekeeping #3 Changing Who Does the Thinking & the Deciding on Public Budgets ® Conflict Facts for 2002 23 LIC+, 79 LIC-, 175 VPC Source: PIOOM (NL), data with permission © 2002 A. Jongman • Public, not elites, must be the final judge of global security values • Public intelligence will enable public understanding/action • Berto Jongman's map is Reference A--we must all support him. Information Peacekeeping #4 Changing How the World Views Intelligence Expert Forum Shared Calendar Shared Rolodex Distance Learning Virtual Library Shared 24/7 Plot Virtual Budget Weekly Review Information Peacekeeping #5 Changing the Strategic Focus • Connectivity everywhere • Content is digitized • Coordination of standards and investments • C4 Security across all eight tribes--public safety at same level as safety of secrets Information Peacekeeping #6: Creating Infinite Wealth for the Five Billion at the Bottom of the Pyramid • Representative Books: – End of Poverty – Fortune at the Bottom of the Pyramid (Prahalad) – Revolutionary Wealth – Infinite Wealth – Wealth of Knowledge – Wealth of Networks – How to Change the World • Major Lecture: – "Open Everything" at http://www.oss.net/GNOME • Today's economy: – Seven Trillion/Year – Focused on 1B "Rich" – Two Trillion Illicit • Tomorrow's economy: – Ten Trillion/Year – Focused on 5B Poor – Transparent Budgets Eliminate Corruption – "Green" Capitalism • "True Cost" Known • Cradle to Cradle • Re-Use Not Re-Cycle Recommendations for Tribunal • 100MB Internet access for every employee, at work and at home, is vital to both security & efficiency. • Budget for outsourcing commercial decisionsupport, e.g. threat evaluation of The Hague (three groups: entrenched anti-Tribunal families; potential host families for incoming terrorists; and discreetly approached friendly families who can provide Early Warning. • Establish a 24/7 Watch Center with a widelypublicized email address and telephone number with Arabic speaker always on duty even if from home. Recommendation for UN • The Coalition Coordination Center is immediately available as the world's first multinational information sharing and analytic support center. • All you have to do is get each of your Missions to the UN to raise the need for such a center which will not use secret sources or methods. United Nations Early Warning, Multinational Information Sharing, Decision Support • Brahimi Report applies • Secretary General needs global decision support network instead of 77 libraries & isolated data bases • Information can prevent conflict, create stabilizing wealth and possibly fund all future UN operations through monetization of information.


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