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Anonymous Review
Good Humphrey Bogart movie, He is Sam Spade the private eye.....has Peter Lorre and the Fat Man in it, good to see the whole movie from beginning to end, not like when it is shown on TV and so much is cut out of it. Also came with a Bette Davis earlier version of this story which I have not seen yet.
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|March 31, 32
|Titus Pomponius Atticus born Titus Pomponius , came from an old but not strictly noble Roman family of the equestrian class and the Gens Pomponia. He was a celebrated editor, banker, and patron of letters with residences in both Rome and Athens. He is best remembered as the closest friend of orator and philosopher Marcus Tullius Cicero as well leading contemporaries of upper class Roman society. Cicero's treatise on friendship, De Amicitia was dedicated to him. Their correspondence, often written in subtle code to disguise their political observations, is preserved in Epistulae ad Atticum compiled by Cicero's freedman and personal secretary, Marcus Tullius Tiro. Atticus was known for his elegant taste, sound judgment and financial acumen
|December 31, 192
|Commodus Roman Emperor from 180 to 192. He also ruled as co-emperor with his father Marcus Aurelius from 177 until his father's death in 180
|December 31, 335
|Pope Sylvester I also spelled "Silvester", was Pope from 31 January 314 to his death in 335. He succeeded Pope Miltiades. He filled the See of Rome at an important era in the history of the Catholic Church, yet very little is known of him. The accounts of his papacy preserved in the Liber Pontificalis contain little more than a record of the gifts said to have been conferred on the Church by Constantine I, but it does say that he was the son of a Roman named Rufinus
|July 31, 450
|Peter Chrysologus Bishop of Ravenna from about 433 until his death.
|May 31, 455
|Petronius Maximus Western Roman Emperor for two and a half months in 455. A wealthy senator and a prominent aristocrat, he was instrumental in the murders of the Western Roman magister militum, Flavius Aëtius, and the Western Roman Emperor Valentinian III. Maximus was killed during the events culminating in the sack of Rome by the Vandals in 455
|July 31, 477
|Pope Timothy II of Alexandria also known as Αἴλουρος/Aelurus , succeeded twice in supplanting the Chalcedonian Patriarch of Alexandria.
|January 31, 579
|Khosrau I the successor of his father Kavadh I on the Sasanian Persian throne. Khosrau I was the twenty-second Sasanian Emperor of Persia, and the most famous and celebrated of the Sasanian kings
|December 31, 596
|Marius Aventicensis the Bishop of Aventicum from 574, remembered for his terse chronicle. After his death in Lausanne, he was venerated in that city as a saint, and his feast day was celebrated on 9 or 12 February
|January 31, 632
|Máedóc of Ferns an Irish saint, founder and first bishop of Ferns in County Wexford and a patron of other churches, such as Rossinver in County Leitrim and Drumlane in County Cavan.
|August 31, 651
|Aidan of Lindisfarne an Irish monk and missionary credited with restoring Christianity to Northumbria. He founded a monastic cathedral on the island of Lindisfarne, served as its first bishop, and travelled ceaselessly throughout the countryside, spreading the gospel to both the Anglo-Saxon nobility and to the socially disenfranchised
|December 31, 669
|Li Shiji one of the most celebrated generals early in the Chinese Tang Dynasty. He was initially a follower of Li Mi, one of the rebel rulers rebelling against the preceding Sui Dynasty, and he submitted to Tang after Li Mi did so, upon which Emperor Gaozu, impressed with his loyalty to Li Mi, bestowed on him the imperial clan name of He later participated in destroying Xu Yuanlang and Fu Gongshi, two of Tang's competitors on Tang's campaign to reunify China. During the reign of Emperor Gaozu's son Emperor Taizong, he participated in the successful campaigns destroying Eastern Tujue and Xueyantuo, allowing Tang to become the dominant power in eastern Asia, and also served as a chancellor. During the reign of Emperor Gaozong, he served as chancellor and the commander of the army against Goguryeo, destroying Goguryeo in 668. He died the next year. He and Li Jing were considered the two most prominent early Tang generals
|August 31, 731
|Ōtomo no Tabito a Japanese poet, best known as the father of Ōtomo no Yakamochi, who contributed to compiling the Man'yōshū alongside his father. Tabito was a contemporary of Hitomaro, but lacked his success in the Imperial Court. While serving as Governor-General of Dazaifu, the military procuracy in northern Kyūshū from 728-730, Tabito hosted a plum-blossom party, encouraging the composition of poetry among his subordinates in imitation of Chinese style elegance. He also showed his Chinese education in his set of thirteen tanka in praise of sake
|January 31, 733
|Muhammad al-Baqir Known as al-Baqir. His full name was Muhammad bin 'Ali bin al-Husayn bin Ali bin Abi Talib and was the fifth Shiite Imam after his father zayn al-Abidin and before his son Ja'far al-Sadiq. He was the first for whom the birth of al-Hasan and al-Husayn, the grandsons of Muhammad came together. Many traditions and abundant knowledge were reported on his authority. He is revered by Shiite Muslims for his religious leadership and highly respected by Sunni Muslims for his knowledge and Islamic scholarship as a leading jurist of Medina
|August 31, 836
|Wala of Corbie a son of Bernard, son of Charles Martel, and one of the principal advisers of his cousin Charlemagne, of Charlemagne's son Louis the Pious, and of Louis's son Lothair He succeeded his brother Adalard as abbot of Corbie and its new daughter foundation, Corvey, in 826 or 827.
|January 31, 876
|Hemma the wife of Louis the German, and Queen consort of Eastern Francia.
|December 31, 878
|Emperor Seiwa the 56th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession.
|October 31, 932
|Al-Muqtadir the Abbasid Caliph in Baghdad from 908 AD to 932 AD.
|October 31, 994
|Wolfgang of Regensburg bishop of Regensburg in Bavaria from Christmas 972 until his death. He is a saint of the Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox churches. He is regarded as one of the three great German saints of the 10th century, the other two being Saint Ulrich and Saint Conrad of Constance
|October 31, 1005
|Abe no Seimei an onmyōji, a leading specialist of onmyōdō during the middle of the Heian Period in Japan. In addition to his prominence in history, he is a legendary figure in Japanese folklore and has been portrayed in a number of stories and films
|October 31, 1007
|Heriger of Lobbes remembered for his writings as theologian and historian.
|January 31, 1030
|William V Duke of Aquitaine Duke of Aquitaine and Count of Poitou from 990 until his death.
|May 31, 1076
|Waltheof Earl of Northumbria the last of the Anglo-Saxon earls and the only English aristocrat to be executed during the reign of William I.
|October 31, 1147
|Robert 1st Earl of Gloucester an illegitimate son of King Henry I of England. He was the half-brother of the Empress Matilda, and her chief military supporter during the civil war known as The Anarchy, in which she vied with Stephen of Blois for the throne of England
|August 31, 1158
|Sancho III of Castile King of Castile and Toledo for one year, from 1157 to 1158. During the Reconquista, in which he took an active part, he founded the Order of Calatrava. He was called el Deseado due to his position as the first child of his parents, born after eight years of childless marriage
|May 31, 1162
|Géza II of Hungary King of Hungary and Croatia from 1141 to 1162. He was still a child when he succeeded his father, Béla the Blind, such that his mother, Helena of Rascia, and her brother, Beloš, ruled Hungary until he came of age in 1146. Géza was one of the most powerful monarchs of Hungary, and intervened successfully in the internal affairs of neighbouring countries
|December 31, 1164
|Ottokar III of Styria Margrave of Styria from 1129 until 1164. He was the son of Leopold the Strong and father of Ottokar IV, the last of the dynasty of the Otakars. His wife was Kunigunde of Chamb-Vohburg
|December 31, 1178
|Ioveta of Bethany the fourth and youngest daughter of King Baldwin II and Morphia of Melitene. She was the princess of Jerusalem
|December 31, 1194
|Leopold V Duke of Austria the Duke of Austria from 1177 and the Duke of Styria from 1192 until his death in 1194. He was a member of the House of Babenberg, the son of Henry II Jasomirgott and his Byzantine wife, Theodora Comnena, a daughter of Andronicus Comnenus, the second eldest son of the Emperor John II Komnenos
|October 31, 1214
|Eleanor of England Queen of Castile Queen of Castile and Toledo as wife of Alfonso VIII of Castile. She was the sixth child and second daughter of Henry II of England and Eleanor of Aquitaine and received her first name as a namesake of her mother
|May 31, 1223
|Mstislav II Svyatoslavich a Rus' prince. His baptismal name was Panteleymon. He was probably prince of Kozelsk , of Novgorod-Seversk , and of Chernigov. He was killed in the Battle of the Kalka River
|August 31, 1234
|Emperor Go-Horikawa the 86th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession. This reign spanned the years from 1221 through 1232
|August 31, 1240
|Raymond Nonnatus a saint from Catalonia in Spain. His nickname refers to his birth by Caesarean section, his mother having died while giving birth to him
|August 31, 1247
|Konrad I of Masovia the sixth Duke of Masovia from 1194 until his death as well as High Duke of Poland from 1229 to 1232 and again from 1241 to 1243.
|December 31, 1278
|Bolesław II Rogatka a Duke of Kraków briefly in 1241, of Southern Greater Poland during 1241–1247, and Duke of all Silesia–Wrocław from 1241 until 1248, when it was divided between him and his brothers. He was Duke of Środa Śląska in Silesia from 1277 onward. During his reign the second Mongol raid against Poland, led by Nogai Khan occurred
|March 31, 1295
|Robert de Brus 5th Lord of Annandale a feudal lord, Justice and Constable of Scotland and England, a Regent of Scotland, and a competitor for the Scottish throne in 1290/92 in the Great Cause. His grandson Robert the Bruce eventually became King of Scots
|December 31, 1298
|Humphrey de Bohun 3rd Earl of Hereford an English nobleman known primarily for his opposition to King Edward I over the Confirmatio Cartarum. He was also an active participant in the Welsh Wars and maintained for several years a private feud with the earl of Gloucester. His father, Humphrey de Bohun, fought on the side of the rebellious barons in the Barons' War. When Humphrey predeceased his father, Humphrey became heir to his grandfather, Humphrey. At Humphrey 's death in 1275, Humphrey inherited the earldoms of Hereford and Essex. He also inherited major possessions in the Welsh Marches from his mother, Eleanor de Braose
|December 31, 1302
|Frederick III Duke of Lorraine the Duke of Lorraine from 1251 to his death. He was the only son and successor of Matthias II and Catherine of Limburg
|May 31, 1321
|Birger King of Sweden King of Sweden from 1290 to 1318.
|July 31, 1321
|Ibn al-Banna' al-Marrakushi al-Azdi, also known as Abu'l-Abbas Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Uthman al-Azdi. [29 December 1256 – 1321, was a Moroccan mathematician, astronomer, Islamic scholar, Sufi, and a one-time astrologer
|December 31, 1328
|Giovanni Soranzo a Venetian statesman who served as the fiftieth Doge of Venice. He ascended to the position on July 13, 1312, and served until his death. Soranzo was a member of a noble and ancient family; he was married to Franchesina. In 1310 his son-in-law, Niccolo' Querini was exiled for life from Venice for taking part in Bajamonte Tiepolo's conspiracy to overthrow the state. Soranzo was succeeded as Doge by Francesco Dandolo
|May 31, 1329
|Albertino Mussato an Early Renaissance Italian statesman, poet, historian and dramatist credited with providing an impetus to the revival of literary Latin. He was a pupil of Italian poet and humanist Lovato Lovati
|January 31, 1330
|John I Marquis of Namur the ruler of Namur from 1305 to 1330. He was a member of the House of Dampierre, the son of Guy of Dampierre, Count of Flanders and Marquis of Namur, and his second wife Isabelle of Luxembourg. John was the father of Blanche of Namur, Queen of Sweden and Norway
|July 31, 1330
|Michael Shishman of Bulgaria Asen III ,a ruled as emperor of Bulgaria from 1323 to 1330. The exact year of his birth is unknown but it was between 1280 and 1292. He was the founder of the last ruling dynasty of the Second Bulgarian Empire, the Shishman dynasty. After he was crowned, however, Michael used the name Asen to emphasize his connection with the Asen dynasty, the first one to rule over the Second Empire
|October 31, 1335
|Marie of Évreux the eldest child of Louis d'Évreux and his wife Margaret of Artois. She was a member of the House of Capet
|March 31, 1340
|Ivan I of Moscow Prince of Moscow from 1325 and Grand Prince of Vladimir from 1328.
|December 31, 1344
|Otto I Duke of Pomerania Duke of Pomerania-Stettin.
|May 31, 1349
|Thomas Wake 2nd Baron Wake of Liddell summoned to parliament as a baron in 1295, and the grandson of Baldwin Wake , both warriors of repute.
|July 31, 1358
|Étienne Marcel provost of the merchants of Paris under King John II, called John the Good. He distinguished himself in the defense of the small craftsmen and guildsmen who made up most of the city population
|December 31, 1369
|John Chandos a medieval English knight who hailed from Radbourne Hall, Derbyshire. Chandos was a close friend of Edward, the Black Prince and a founding member and 19th Knight of the Order of the Garter in 1348. Chandos was a gentleman by birth, but unlike most commanders of the day he held no title of nobility
|August 31, 1372
|Ralph de Stafford 1st Earl of Stafford an English nobleman and notable soldier during the Hundred Years War against France.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
FanFiction.Net https://www.fanfiction.net FanFiction.Net: BSGirl Story feed for writer: BSGirl 2017-05-30T07:22:57-08:00 tag:fanfiction.net,2017-05-30:/atom/u/849120/ BSGirl https://www.fanfiction.net/u/849120/BSGirl 2005-10-16T13:00:59-08:00 2005-10-16T13:00:59-08:00 The Dark Savior tag:fanfiction.net,2005-10-13:story.2617276 Author: BSGirl
Harry Potter
English, Rated: K
General
Characters: Harry P.
Chapters: 3, Words: 705, Reviews: 52, Rated: K, In-Progress
He was sent away after the Triwizard Tournament and now two years later, they want him back. But he has changed. Can the Wizarding World accept him? Currently on hold. If you have ideas, send them to me.


text: The state rested it's case on Wednesday, and the defense called its first witnesses to the stand. They were all on Cumberland Street the night Surles was shot.22-year old Ben Hatfield testified that on January 27, Surles told him he was receiving threatening phone calls and needed his help.Hatfield said the calls continued and someone threatened to put a bullet in Surles' brain.Hatfield told the jury they picked up some friends and five of them went to Cumberland Street, where they knew the calls were coming from. Hatfield said he slipped on ice as they were running onto the street, and was separated from the group.He says the next time he saw Surles, he was shot and trying to get help.The defense also called a 15-year old girl, who lived with Zachary Carr, to the stand. She told the jury that she witnessed the fight from her window, and saw Bobby Surles attack Carr with a red pipe.She said, "Bobby turned on Zach and hit him in the head and arm, and all of a sudden there was a bang." She testified that Surles fell to ground, and Carr came back into the apartment crying and saying he didn't mean to do it.But when the prosecutor questioned her, he asked why she told police she didn't see anything that night, and that when Carr came back inside, he was actually very calm.She said that she thought the police would twist her words.The defense is expected to call more witnesses to the stand on Thursday.


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If you enjoy good books, hot tea, and a cozy pub on an English afternoon, you've come to the right place.
Hello, I hope you have a sunny spot to read a good book this spring. I'm Marilyn Leach author and British enthusiast. I'll be sharing my book Enigma
of Fire, and other projects from my Berdie Elliott mystery series. Check it out at My Published Library. Then read Noteworthy Authors where I interview
other authors, this month it's Dena Netherton. Catch up on English chatter and view some Snaps of spring in England. Then click More Snaps for pix of my recent Yorkshire trip and enjoy a good virtual chin wag. Comments are welcomed. So nestle in and enjoy. I take mine white with one sugar,
Marilyn, just love your photos. Au, how I'd love to visit merry old England some day!
November's a good time to travel there. I think you'd love it, Dena. Cheers
So med, is this where the book party is?Brad
Hey, Brad, sorry, but no. The book party was on Facebook. Oh well, there will be other opportunities, yeah?
Looks very inviting. I'm drinking macha green tea as I look at this.
Lovely picture, Marilyn and very cozy. It reflects on the kinds of books you write. It also makes me long to be back in England. :) Bless you!
I love especially love the fireplace!
Isn't it cool? This picture is of the pub in Turville, a small village in Buckinghamshire, England. The pub was as cozy as it looks
You drew me in with the picture of the pub (a wonderful reminder of several business trips to England) and the invitation to tea.
Leslie Sartor said she really liked the idea of overhearing someone's conversation, then writing a story about it. How fun.
Linda, love that you dropped in. Have fun reading the book. Cheers
Thanks, Amanda, and I hope you enjoy the story.
Thanks for sharing Keri's Christmas Wish on your Blog. I'm Following the Book Blog Tour around. It really sounds like a Good Book.


text:
February 10, 2009
As a successful criminal defense lawyer for nearly 20 years, Shawn Askinosie cut his teeth on mid-level felonies, always striving "to make a difference, promote social justice and fight my heart out for the little guy."
Copyright ©2017. All Rights Reserved BNP Media.
Design, CMS, Hosting & Web Development :: ePublishing


text:
City Manager's Office
The city manager provides executive leadership and supervision to division and department directors. The city manager leads the executive team comprised of appointed city officials and division and department directors. The city manager and staff also represent the organization on local and regional advisory bodies.
Executive Leadership
The City Manager provides the organizational leadership necessary to successfully implement the policy direction of the city council, communicate that direction to the organization and ensure the efficient, effective and economical delivery of city services to Scottsdale's citizens.
Diversity and Inclusion
The office works to foster a diverse and inclusive organization and community through employee relations, community outreach and education.
Emergency Management
The office coordinates the citywide effort to reduce vulnerability to hazards and cope with local disasters.
Government Relations
The office supports regional efforts with the Maricopa Association of Governments, the League of Arizona Cities and Towns, as well as relationships with neighborhood cities, towns and tribal communities.
Performance Management
The office coordinates organization-wide strategic planning and performance management efforts.
Contact Information
City of Scottsdale - City Manager's Office
3939 N. Drinkwater Blvd.
Scottsdale, AZ 85251
Jim Thompson, City Manager
MarJan Hill-Enriquez, Executive Assistant to the City Manager
Brent Stockwell
Assistant City Manager


text:
VMware Plans Virtualization for Mobile Phones
The virtualization specialist adopted the know-how for the product through its acquisition of Trango Virtual Processors
The virtualization specialist adopted the know-how for the product through its acquisition of Trango Virtual Processors. VMware predicts that the coupling of hardware and applications in one thin software layers means handset manufacturers can produce their devices more quickly. For users, the benefit would be combining private and business usage as separate personalities into one handset, thereby reducing the need for multiple devices.
VMware MVP itself supports among other operating systems Windows CE 5.0 and 6.0, Linux 2.6.x, Symbian 9.x, eCos, µITRON NORTi and µC/OS-II.
According to Gartner Group's Monica Basso, VMware seems to have hit the mark with its product, calling it a "very promising and potentially fast emerging market." She predicts that more than half the smart phones shipped in 2012 will be virtualized.
Issue 199/2017
Buy this issue as a PDF
Red Hat Announces OpenShift.io
Red Hat takes its IDE online.
Microsoft Bakes Linux into Windows Server
Microsoft is slowly becoming a Linux vendor.
Fearless Coyote, Linux Kernel 4.11 is Out
The new kernel makes swap implementation more scalable, which will help cloud providers.
Docker Appoints Steve Singh CEO
The new CEO comes from a very strong SaaS background.
Docker Announces Linux Kit and Moby Project
Both projects help organizations build their own containerized systems.
Ubuntu Returns to Gnome as Its Mobile Plans Shatter
Mark Shuttleworth has resumed the position of CEO of Canonical.
Microsoft is Shutting Down CodePlex
Microsoft's open source code hosting platform CodePlex will come to an end after a more than 10-year stint.
Fedora 26 Alpha Released
Comes with Gnome 3.24
Old Linux Kernel Bug Discovered
The bug was introduced back in 2009 and has been lurking around all this time.
OpenSSH 7.5 Released
The new release deprecates the sshd_config UsePrivilegeSeparation option.


text:
I ve been smoking premium cigars for 5 years, and I got to say this cigar is now in my top five, slow burn, good draw, a creamy flavor, with hints of nut and caramel throughout. Only broke ash twice. Great smoke, recommend everyone to try one, different from all cigars I smoked. Loved it. But everything isn t for everybody.
I was given this as a birthday gift by my young daughter. I really looked forward to sitting down and enjoying this great cigar and wasn't disappointed! Very smooth and flavorful but not the least overpowering. It burned evenly to the end and gave me knowledge of a terrific cigar for future purchases. I recommend this one highly!
i hate flavored cigars, which is why it took me so long to try one of these. every time i would see them in their cute little tubes with plastic i dont know what melted over the cap i would turn the other way and grab a real mans cigar. but i finally found myself with no interest in trying anything specific so i got one. IT WAS GREAT! by no means amazing like the Padron Anniversary lines, but its definately a unique taste. One that i will be proud to show my friends.


text:
(best price)
Raise up to 4.00%.
Get more speed (up to 30 MB/sec* and enabled Class 6) for faster photo, Full HD video and app performance on your mobile phone or tablet with SanDisk Mobile Ultra microSDHC memory cards. The included SD adapter lets you... show more
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text:
"Compromises on Russia's terms are the wrong policy," Kostyantyn Yelisieiev, deputy head of the administration of the Ukrainian president, wrote in an op-ed published by the Wall Street Journal on January 4.
Yelisieiev's statement was a response to another op-ed published in the same paper a week before, in which Victor Pinchuk, a powerful Ukrainian oligarch and philanthropist, called for "painful compromises" with Russia over the military conflict in the eastern region of Donbas, Crimea, European integration and Nato membership, in order to secure a peaceful solution with Moscow.
"No reversal in European and Euro-Atlantic integration of Ukraine. This would be a surrender of independence, sovereignty and the territorial integrity of Ukraine," Yelisieiev underlined, presenting 'red lines' that "no one in Ukraine would dare to cross".
According to the official, Kyiv does not consider any "trade in the territory" of Ukraine to be possible: neither Donbas nor Crimea. "These territories cannot be part of a trade-off for peace," he added.
Finally, Kyiv rejects any elections in Donbas "with Russian boots on Ukraine's soil". "The Kremlin would definitely like to legalize its hybrid occupation and puppet regimes in Donbas by Ukrainian hands. No one should fall into this trap," Yelisieiev wrote.
"Painful compromises"
Pinchuk, one of the country's richest oligarch, controls Ukraine's largest steel pipe producer Interpipe and the London-based EastOne group, an international investing company.
The businessman is married to Olena Pinchuk, the daughter of former Ukrainian president Leonid Kuchma, who represents Kyiv in the trilateral OSCE-Ukraine-Russia contact group for settling the Donbas conflict. Pinchuk's media empire, including the ICTV television channel, provides support to Kuchma, who remains a powerful actor in the clan-style political system of the war-torn country.
In his op-ed published in the WSJ on December 29, Pinchuk urged the Ukrainian leadership to consider temporarily removing EU membership from its stated goals for the near future. "We can build a European country, be a privileged partner, and later discuss joining [the EU]," the oligarch wrote.
He also proposed accepting the fact that Ukraine will not join Nato in the near to mid-term. "The offer is not on the table, and if it were, it could lead to an international crisis of unprecedented scope. For now, we should pursue an alternative security arrangement and accept neutrality as our near-term vision for the future," Pinchuk underlined.
The billionaire also urged maintaining Kyiv's stance towards Crimea's 2014 annexation by Russia. However, it will take Ukraine 15 to 20 years to generate enough economic growth and stabilise Ukraine's infrastructure, social safety net and financial system.
He added that there will be no conditions for fair elections in the Donbas until Ukraine has full control over its territory. "But we may have to overlook this truth and accept local elections. Such compromises may mean letting down Ukrainians from the east who have suffered enormously," Pinchuk wrote. "But if this is what it takes to demonstrate Ukraine's commitment to peaceful reunification, then we may have to make this compromise to save thousands of lives."
Outrage in Kyiv
The oligarch's call triggered a storm of accusations among Kyiv-based pro-Western activists, reformers and some lawmakers.
"I sincerely believe that in the current situation a compromise that brings pain and losses to one side only is not a compromise – this is a capitulation," Mustafa Nayyem, a prominent reform-minded lawmaker, wrote in his blog published by the Ukrainska Pravda online outlet.
"What Pinchuk coyly calls 'painful compromise' is in fact an invitation to us, Ukraine and Ukrainians, including Crimea and Crimean Tatars, to surrender," the Crimea Tatar leader and lawmaker Refat Chubarov wrote on his Facebook timeline. "To surrender totally, to self-destruct, because Pinchuk cannot fail to understand that behind the surrender of Crimea and Donbas, the refusal to join the EU and Nato, Ukraine will simply cease to exist as an independent state."
Meanwhile, the absence of immediate reaction to Pinchuk's statements from the Ukrainian leadership has triggered speculation that it was an attempt to check possible public reaction on such initiatives.
This theory will face a serious test in two weeks, when the Davos Ukrainian Lunch is scheduled to take place during the annual meeting of the World Economic Forum. The event, sponsored by Pinchuk's charity, traditionally gathers high-level decision makers from Ukraine.
The list of this year's participants and their speeches could be the best indication of moods among the Ukrainian elites.
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text:
Do you have a photo of Tabanico?
Lost on November 30, 2014 in Elko, Nevada.
News sources:
The people with the most candles in the past 24 hours are featured on our homepage.Ask your friends to light a candle or come back tomorrow to light another candle for Tabanico.
Other nearby fatal shootings:


text:
Food Webs
Pupils discuss the ways that animals are dependent on plants or other animals for their food. They create a class-sized food web to show how energy is transferred. Each student wears a plant or animal picture and suggests ways to connect into the web by using yarn to show all of the connections.
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Understanding Food Chains and Food Webs
Jump into an exploration of marine ecosystems with the first instructional activity in this four-part series. After first learning about crustaceans, mollusks, and other forms of sea life, young marine biologists view a PowerPoint...
3rd - 8th Science CCSS: Adaptable
Building A Classroom Food Web
From bears and owls to chipmunks and trees, all life depends on the sun for the energy to survive. Young biologists develop an understanding of this big idea as they arrange this series of plant and animal picture cards into food webs...
2nd - 5th Science CCSS: Adaptable
The Importance of Sharks: You Do The Math!
Elementary ecologists examine trophic relationships using a coral reef food pyramid as an example. They play a game applying math skills that ultimately demonstrate the important role of the ever-scary top predator, the shark. This is a...
3rd - 6th Science CCSS: Adaptable


text:
What is sunflower oil made of?
Sunflower oil is made from specially grown sunflowers that have small black seeds. Each seed is composed of nearly 50 percent oil. Other varieties of sunflower seeds make oil for margarine and vege...
Read More »
What kind of sunflower seeds are used to grow the sunflower greens?
Sunflower seeds for planting come in two main types. The first kind has a shiny black shell and is used for planting sunflowers with high oil content in the seeds, for use in bird seed mixes and su...
Read More »
Is sunflower oil made in England?
yes, sunflowers are grown industrially in many European countries, and is also made into oilluise:)
How Sunflower Seeds Are Made?
Sunflower seeds are healthy snacks native to North America. They are full of protein and add fiber to the diet. Roasted sunflower seeds are commercially available still in their shells and already ...
Read More »
I have Niger, sunflower, bird mix and peanuts hanging in my garden. Only the sunflower seeds get eaten?
The niger or black thistle is favored by a lot of the finches. Sunflower is a major draw to a lot of birds and I would expect peanuts to generate some interest. The bird mix, however, contains a...
Read More »


text:
Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
PURPOSE:Use of long-acting ×2AR agonists to treat asthma has been associated with bronchoconstrictor hyperresponsiveness, impaired ×2AR-mediated airway relaxation and worsening of the asthmatic condition, phenomena potentially reflecting the effects of prolonged homologous ×2AR desensitization (tolerance) in ASM. We recently demonstrated that upregulated PDE4 activity mediates pro-asthmatic changes in ASM function induced by prolonged ASM exposure to cAMP-elevating agents. Since the deleterious effects of long-acting ×2AR agonists are reportedly mitigated when using these agents in combination with glucocorticoids (GCs), we examined whether GCs attenuate the pro-asthmatic effects of ASM exposure to a long-acting ×2AR agonist, and whether this GC action is attributed to altered regulation of PDE4 activity.
METHODS:Isolated rabbit ASM tissues and cultured human ASM (HASM) cells were exposed to the long-acting ×2AR agonist, salmeterol (SAL; 10 αM × 24 hr) in the absence and presence of pretreatment with either the PDE4 inhibitor, rolipram (10 αM), or dexamethasone (1 αM). The tissues were then examined for altered constrictor and relaxation responsiveness to acetylcholine (ACh) and isoproterenol (ISO), respectively, and the HASM cells were examined for induced changes in PDE4 activity.
RESULTS:The data demonstrated that: 1) SAL-exposed ASM tissues exhibited markedly impaired relaxation responses to ISO and increased constrictor responses to ACh; 2) SAL-exposed HASM cells exhibited significantly increased cAMP PDE activity; and 3) both these changes in constrictor and relaxation responsiveness and increase in PDE4 activity were prevented by pretreating SAL-exposed ASM with either rolipram or dexamethasone.
CONCLUSION:Taken together, these novel data demonstrate that GCs prevent the induction of PDE4-mediated pro-asthmatic-like changes in ASM responsiveness that is associated with prolonged exposure of ASM to a long-acting ×2AR agonist.
CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS:Accordingly, these findings identify a mechanism that potentially accounts for the role of glucocorticosteroids in ameliorating the deleterious effects of prolonged exposure of the airways to long-acting ×2AR agonists.
DISCLOSURE:Gustavo Nino, No Financial Disclosure Information; No Product/Research Disclosure Information
Monday, October 27, 2008
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text: i recently just built my own computer and got windows 7, and when i try to install windows 7 it says there is not hard drive found to install it on. i know there are a lot of threads already about this topic but iv tried almost everything and nothing seems to work. my specs are- asus m4n78 pro motherboard kingston hyper x 4gb 1066 antec 550wat power supply and a western digital caviar black SATA 500gb hard drive i tried putting in the mobo disk and install the drivers but none seem to be compatable, and i cant get into the advanced options for windows 7. i got to the screen once and havent been able to get back to it since. i used a old sata hard drive which already had xp on it and installed windows 7 onto that so i was wondering if there is a way to install the drivers on to my new hard drive and then install windows 7 on to that. any help is appreciated. thanks in advance.


text:
PortCityDaily.com is your source for free news and information in the Wilmington area.
Charles Leonard Tyner, of Wilmington, died June 15, 2015, at the age of 87.
Visitation will be held from 6 to 9 p.m. Friday, June 19, 2015, at Coble Ward-Smith Funeral & Cremation Service. A graveside service will be held at 1 p.m. Saturday, June 20, 2015, at Greenlawn Memorial Park.
Please leave online condolences for the family at Coble Ward-Smith Funeral & Cremation Service.
To view the full list of Port City Daily obituaries, click here.


text:
Download document:
Corporate governance round-up - .PDF file.
There have been a number of corporate governance developments since Hogan Lovells' last newsletter. The law firm reports elsewhere on the latest from the FRC on its announcement that it is to revise its going concern guidance and on the detail of the final regulations in relation to directors' remuneration reporting…
If you are registered and logged in to the site, click on the link below to read the rest of the Hogan Lovells briefing. If not, please register or sign in with your details below.


text:
One - Edie
I glanced at the clock nervously, watching the second hand slowly flick around the centre of the face. The bus would be arriving any minute and I didn't have any intention of standing around a freezing cold bus stop. On top of the biting Northern wind, the path down to the bus shelter was icy and no one had stopped by to throw grit onto it yet.
My father decided to relocate his business and now my family and I had moved to the chilly country town of Burskworth. The house was great, the town was great, and I'm sure the school was going to be great, too. But it didn't stop me from feeling terrible about moving away from all the friends I had accumulated over the years back 'home'.
I heard the whoosh of tires, and the screech of old brakes soon followed. I peered out of the window and saw my fellow students filing onto the double-decker which would be my method of transport for the next year while I attended Burskworth High's sixth form.
"Bye, Mum!" I yelled, swinging my bag onto my shoulder as I left the house. I heard her faint reply of "Bye, love!" from upstairs and I slammed the door shut behind me.
As I thought it would be, the long and winding path down the hill my house was sat on top of was slippery and I thanked every God out there that my boots had half-decent grip on them. I flung my arms out to the side in the vain hope it would help me balance atop the pavement, which was slicked thoroughly with solid ice.
Why. I groaned in my head, Just... Why. I hate winter. I really, really hate winter!
After spending five minutes making my way down the precarious slope, I finally reached the bus and all but threw myself through the doors. The driver gave me an odd look but waited patiently for me as I fumbled around in my coat pocket for my bus pass. He eyed it up for a moment, before nodding.
I headed down the bus' isle, my eyes sliding over all of the faces which openly stared at me in interest. I guessed that there wouldn't have been many new families in such a small town. I took my seat one from the back of the bus, throwing my bag down on the half which was closest to the window.
Huffing out a sigh of relief, I reached into my pocket to pull out my phone.
Six new messages.
I flicked through the texts I'd received. They were from my friends, wishing my good luck at my new school. All of them said the same thing, although each was phrased in a way which reminded me of each individual. I felt a pang of sadness in my chest, smiling at the screen.
The bus lurched into motion and I had to grip onto the side of my seat to ensure the jolt didn't throw me forward at the person in front. I heard someone snicker in amusement behind me, but I managed to prevent myself from turning around with an indignant expression and saying something stupid.
I resisted the urge to squeeze my eyes tight shut and pretend I didn't exist as the bus took the long and winding journey through the housing estates to where I'd be spending the next year of my life.


text:
Linebacker Rolando McClain, the Ravens' most recent signing, was arrested again in Decatur, Ala., on Sunday night.
This time, the 23-year-old was charged with disorderly conduct and resisting arrest, according to AL.com. McClain was released on $1,000 bond.
This marks his third arrest since 2011, and further brings his character into question after he was suspended by the Raiders for the final two games last season for conduct detrimental to the team.
Whether McClain lasts with the Ravens remains to be seen, but his latest off-field incident can't help his case one bit. Baltimore signed the former top-10 pick to a low-risk one-year contract and general manager Ozzie Newsome implied that McClain would have to earn a spot on the 53-man roster.


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Today i went to buy some plants and flowers to put on my window sills. At the same time i took my camera with me , so i could catch the colors of the flowers. Don't you think the colours look like those of a painter's palette? then i decided to visit the place where i have spent my childhood, at La Bouille , a village by the river Seine. Each day i used to walk for school by the river and i really loved the scenary , the different colors of the river acourding to the seasons. And Autumn was my favorite! i went to pay a visit to one of the painters who has a gallery there, his name is : Jean-Pierre Dassonneville. If you want to know more about his paintings (www.dassonneville.com)
The last pictures are from Pierre Corneille 's house (1650) he was a french dramatist ,this was his country house, with it's medieval garden and it's oven where they used to bake bread; i can say that i enjoyed my afternoon.


text:
Job Summary
- Salary: Undisclosed
- Work Type: Temporary / Part Time
- Min. Education Level: 'N' / 'O' Levels
- Years of Experience: 1
- Skills: Microsoft Office
Job Descriptions
- Filing
- Data entry
- Any other admin duties as assigned
- Candidate must possess at least a Primary/Secondary School/"O" Level, Higher secondary/Pre-U/A level/College, Professional Certificate/NiTEC, Human Resource Management, Business Studies/Administration/Management, Secretarial, Commerce or equivalent
- Required skill(s): Microsoft Office
- At least 1 year(s) of working experience in the related field is required for this position
- Applicants must be able to commit for 1-2 months at Bartley area
- 5 days' work week
- $7 per hour
Job Benefits
How to apply:
Please forward your resume in MS WORD FORMAT with a Passport Photo to firstname.lastname@example.com or feel free to call Michelle at 6645 4882 for more information.
Interested applicants please state your expected salary, reason for leaving all past employments, last drawn salary and availability.


text:
We are looking for a good, well broke, horse for our daughter for christmas.
Just a rider for the school
break colts
Dry Creek is a full service, boarding, training and sales facility. We also house Hope ranch Therapeutic Riding Center
Mostly just family owned animals with a pony for sale every couple of years that we have hand raised and gentled the right way.
We raise and sell quality paints for people in all parts of the horse industry. We are interested in finding the right horse for the right person…


text:
Based on 768 guest reviews
Property Location
Located in Mariposa, Miners Inn is minutes from Mariposa County Visitor Center and Mariposa Museum and History Center. This hotel is within close proximity of Windows on the World Books and Art and Mariposa County's Old Stone Jail.
Make yourself at home in one of the 78 air-conditioned rooms featuring refrigerators and microwaves. 32-inch flat-screen televisions are provided, with cable programming available. Conveniences include phones, as well as coffee/tea makers and irons/ironing boards.
Don't miss out on recreational opportunities including an outdoor pool and a spa tub. Additional features at this hotel include complimentary wireless Internet access, gift shops/newsstands, and tour/ticket assistance.
Enjoy a satisfying meal at a restaurant serving guests of Miners Inn. Quench your thirst with your favorite drink at a bar/lounge. A complimentary continental breakfast is included.
Business, Other Amenities
Featured amenities include a 24-hour front desk, a safe deposit box at the front desk, and ATM/banking services. Free self parking is available onsite.


text: Hippopotamus well it's a bit expensive but meals well presented and tastes great! Atmosphere is standard and employees can be a bit miserable but apart from that i had a great time! There's the police station literally close by and it's located in the center ville. Very convenient if you're staying in the town, oh and there's a cinema right... 更多


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text:
31 March 2017
Martyn Joseph
special guest: Antje Duvekot
On Friday, March 31, Martyn Joseph makes his me&thee debut with one of the coffeehouse's favorites, Antje Duvekot. Both of these musicians have walked the walk and sung the song and are contributing to humanitarian efforts across the world. This is sure to be one of the most inspirational evenings of the year at the me&thee.
Concert starts at 8:00 pm.
Martyn Joseph has been compared to Bruce Springsteen, John Mayer, Bruce Cockburn, and Dave Matthews. He has created his own style and reputation as a mesmerizing live performer and stands in his own right. He owns the stage. He owns his music. He owns his message. He does it all well. Martyn is a unique talent driven by passion, social awareness, and a love for his trade. "Experiencing a Martyn Joseph show is a life-changing experience," exclaims Kathy Sands-Boehmer, booking manager of the me&thee. Trust us. "This is a show NOT to be missed."
Martyn Joseph was awarded Best Male Artist at the 2004 BBC Welch Music Awards and in 2012 his song "There's Always Maybe" won the best folk song category in the World Independent Music Awards. Concerned with making music that is relevant and vital to his audience, he engages with challenging narratives tackling the complexity of the human condition.
Martyn's latest CD, Sanctuary, was released to great acclaim and was produced by Grammy award winner, Ben Wisch. Martyn Joseph has won the love of audiences from the USA and Canada to Europe through an impressive number of live shows. He's a unique talent driven by passion and love for his trade. According to the Boston Globe, a Martyn Joseph show is "a profound experience."
. . .
Antje Duvekot is a me&thee favorite and she has been collaborating with Martyn Joseph for some time. Former Rolling Stone music editor Dave Marsh says of Antje's recording: "I have had this reaction once in the last 10 years and that was the first time I heard Patty Griffin." Trust Dave's ears. Antje first appeared on the me&thee stage in 2006 and we have stood by her talent, her music, her passion for community and humankind. Her latest CD, Toward the Thunder, is a testimony to Antje's voice in the acoustic music world and to heartfelt lyrics and musical interpretations of music that matters. Experiencing Antje with Martyn equals pure magic.
- On Martyn Joseph:
- Stunning, heartfelt music" Bob Harris BBC Radio 2
- Intelligent and enlightened songs are both energising and provocative…from subtle tenderness to growly indignation. A Welsh national treasure MOJO
- Heartfelt and ultimately optimistic songs Songlines
- One of the most charismatic and electrifying performers in Britain today…tough and passionate" Tom Robinson BBC 6 music
- One of acoustic music's most original voices, and most forward looking of his generation of singer/songwriters Q Magazine
- A profound experience The Boston Globe
- Songs of social commentary as much as love, with a rootsy sensibility Time Out
- . . .
- Antje Duvekot's provocative, dark-eyed ballads are becoming the talk of the folk world. Boston Globe
- Duvekot is unique: a disarming, talented performer and a songwriter with awesome range and a poet's command of language. Minor Seventh
- There's a youthful innocence in her voice that is immediately disarming and easy to enjoy. Daily Local News
- What a blessing to have worked with someone as talented as Antje. With a voice like hers, and songs as good as these, a producer (especially a first-time producer!) just tries to get out of the way, to do no harm, and to let the artist speak for herself. Richard Shindell
< Matt Nakoa / Kirsten Maxwell | An Evening with John McCutcheon >
All concerts >


text:
It has been three weeks since the incident. We now spend as much time in each other's company. At weekends I make excuses to get out of the house, and go to the forest, spending the whole day with Ember. We now tell each other everything. I know every single detail of Ember's troubled childhood, living in the confinement of the Vampire City, a small city encircled by high walls, which no vamp is allowed out of, with so few other vamps her age, she spent her whole childhood bored and restless.
She knows every detail of my childhood, from my parent's divorce, to the horrible stretch when I was bullied mercilessly. We spend more and more time just sitting, our arms wrapped around each other, just staring into the other's eyes, trying to find meaning, to feel what they are feeling. We haven't spoken about the blood-thing since it happened, and I have developed a strange longing for her to drink from me.. The sensation I got was of pain, but at the same time deep pleasure, on a level unlike any other I had experienced.
I am at the happiest I have ever been in my life, and Ember says she is too. Until.. that day.
I was walking through the middle of town, on my way to the woods, early one morning. It was the start of half term, and I was planning on spending every day with Ember. Then, I catch sight of a face with pale, glowing skin, just like Ember's. I For a moment, I think it is Ember, that she has ventured into town again. Then I look turn, and see the face again. It is definitely a vamp, but it isn't Ember. This is a male vamp, an adult, with the dark, cropped hair, crimson eyes, a long nose and a chiselled jaw, his wide mouth set into a line. He is scanning the crowd.
I begin to walk faster, and faster, until I am sprinting down the dirt path. As soon as I reach the clearing Ember senses there is something wrong. She springs up.
"What is it?" She asks urgently, at my side instantly, her fingers entwining with mine.
"Another vamp. In town. Adult. Black short hair, tall, chiselled jaw." I say between breaths. Her expression changes into one I have never seen her her features in before. And it is pure fear.


text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Aug 10, 2004
|Filing date
|Dec 13, 2000
|Priority date
|Dec 13, 2000
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Eyal de Lara, Daniel S. Wallach, Willy Zwaenepoel
|Original Assignee
|William Marsh Rice University
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (22), Non-Patent Citations (20), Referenced by (28), Classifications (8), Legal Events (7)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
The present invention relates in general to the field of computing in resource-poor environments, such as mobile and wireless computing systems, and, more particularly, to a method for the adaptation of component-based application programs.
A user's computing experience is affected by the scarcity or abundance of computer resources. One such resource is network bandwidth in the client-server computing model. The less bandwidth available to the user, the less quickly the user will be able to access data over a communications link or run applications that rely on data transmitted through the communications link. The bandwidth limitation is aggravated in the case of mobile clients, i.e., clients that exist in client-server environments or other environments and that attempt to transmit data through wireless or other non-fixed connections. Further, when applications or data designed for high bandwidth networks is used in bandwidth-limited networks, the computing environment of a user at a client computer, including mobile client computers, can become extremely slow. For mobile clients that rely on standalone battery power, the time consumed by receiving a file over a bandwidth-limited network also consumes computing time that could be spent on other tasks.
Adaptation is the manipulation of the operation of an application or the alteration of data that is being used by or transmitted to or from an application. The two fundamental kinds of adaptation are control adaptation, such as when the operation of an application is manipulated, and data adaptation, which occurs when the data of application is adapted. A common example of control adaptation occurs when control is returned to the user after only a subset of the requested data is loaded by the application, even though the normal behavior of the application would require that all of the data be loaded before control is returned to the user. A common example of data adaptation occurs when the content of a data element is altered to improve the latency effect of computing with the data in mobile computing or client-server computing environments. Many adaptation schemes involve a change to both the behavior of an application and the data of the application. Known control adaptation schemes often involved customized applications designed to be adaptable by the user, or the use of standard applications together with specialized operating systems or applications that adapt the content of data used by the applications, or combinations thereof.
Application programs may be logically organized to include several sub-applications or components. Each component of the application may perform a specialized function. As an example, an office productivity application may include a word processing component, a spreadsheet component, and an image presentation component. Although each of the components can exist separately as its own application, in this example, each of the components is a subset of a larger application. The integration of components into a larger application is made possible by the inclusion in each component of a known application programming interface (API). The use of an open API allows an application to be constructed from several individual components from several sources. In addition to APIs that allow the embedding of a document of one component within a document of another component, an application may also include an automation or scripting API that permits one component to control the behavior of another component.
Examples of component-based applications include the Microsoft Office Suite, Microsoft Internet Explorer, AOL's Netscape Communicator, KDE Office Suite, and Star Office. Although traditionally associated with the Windows platform and with Component Object Model/Distributed Component Object Model COM/OLE technology, component-based technologies are becoming more common in the UNIX world as well, where the push for component-based technologies is being led by the GNOME and KDE projects. These open source initiatives strive to enable the development of applications that allow the seamless integration of components that have a consistent look-and-feel. An example is KOffice, an open source productivity suite with powerful scripting capabilities. More recently, StarOffice released a version of its cross-platform productivity suite that implements a sophisticated object model that allows scripting by third-party applications through a CORBA-based interface.
A file generated by a component-based application is often a compound file, containing elements created by several of the sub-applications or components. As an example, a compound file could include a spreadsheet, an image, and text. Generally, every data type in a compound file is created and managed by a separate one of the sub-applications or components. These data files may become quite large, and, when communicated in a mobile computing environment or over a client-server network, may contribute to a significant latency effect being experienced by the user. Thus, even though these compound files provide for the accumulation of several different data types within a single file, these documents can be so large that the users experience severe latency effects when requesting the delivery of these files over client-server networks.
The present invention concerns a method for adapting the operation of an application or the data being used by the application. The adaptation process involves the use of a client proxy, associated with the application being adapted, and a server proxy, associated with the data being requested by the application. The client proxy includes a policy element that directs the manner in which the application or data is adapted. Upon issuing a request for a document, the requested document is retrieved by the server proxy and translated into a data structure that is application-independent and represents the data structure of the document and the type, location, and size of the data components of the document. This data structure is transmitted to the server proxy. The policy determines from the data structure the application-specific data components of the data structure that are to be retrieved and supplied to the application.
The data supplied to the application is a variation of the data requested by the application. The variation received by the application can differ from the data requested according to both the version of the data supplied as compared to the version of the data requested and according to a subset of the data supplied as compared to the data requested. The application may be adapted in that it may operate on a lower fidelity version of the data requested or a subset of the data requested. The data of the application may be adapted in that the data may be altered to produce a lower fidelity version of the data requested.
The data of the application may be updated. The updating process may be initiated by the occurrence of a tracked event. If a tracked event occurs, such as the passage of the mouse over an image, the client proxy may request from the server proxy a higher fidelity version of a particular data element. Once received by the client proxy, the higher fidelity image is supplied to the application. The updating process may occur without reference to a tracked event and according to the policy. After the application is provided with a subset of a requested document, the server proxy may provide the client proxy with the remainder of the document requested, allowing the client proxy to provide the application with the entirety of the document requested.
The present invention is advantageous in that it improves the computing experience for computer users in resource-poor environments. By adapting an application or data, a user with power or bandwidth limitations, for example, can use applications and data written or prepared for a resource-rich environment, despite the inherent limitations of the user's computing environment. Another advantage of the present invention is that it includes both application-independent modules and application-specific modules. As applications are adapted for the techniques of the present inventions, a suite of application-specific processing modules can be created to handle the limitations in the computing experience introduced by the application or the data created for use by the application. Further, the use of application-specific modules permits these modules to be tailored to the specific needs of the computer user. As such, these modules may be as complex as necessary to alleviate the computing resource deficiencies being experienced by the user. Other technical advantages of the present invention will be readily apparent to one skilled in the art from the following figures, descriptions, and claims.
A more complete understanding of the present invention and advantages thereof may be acquired by referring to the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which like reference numbers indicate like features, and wherein:
FIG. 1 is a diagram of the elements of the component-based adaptation system in a client-server architecture;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of the architecture of the adaptation system;
FIG. 3 is a flow diagram of the adaptation steps of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow diagram of a document parsing sequence;
FIG. 5 is a flow diagram of a document fetching sequence; and
FIG. 6 is a flow diagram of a document updating sequence.
The present invention concerns a component-based adaptation system and method that applies application-specific adaptation policies to the components of an application in a client-server environment. Component-based adaptation does not require access or modification to the source code of a component, and does not require any modifications to the content of a requested document as that document is stored on a data server. Rather, component-based adaptation uses the exposed APIs of the component applications and manipulates the fidelity or the content of the requested document as that document is passed from the server to the client. In this manner, without modifying the source code of an application component or permanently altering the content of a document, control or data adaptation can be performed, respectively, on an application or the documents that the application is using. Data and control adaptation can be performed simultaneously.
Shown in FIG. 1 is the system architecture 10 of the component-based adaptation system of the present invention. The client machine 12 includes an application 14 and a client proxy 16. The client machine is connected via a communications link 40 to a server machine 17, which includes a server proxy 18 and a data server 20. Application 14 is the component-based application that is adaptable by the process of the present invention. The adaptation of the application 14 is the result of the cooperative work of client proxy 16 and server proxy 18. Client proxy 16 is responsible for executing the adaptation policies that will be applied to application 14. Server proxy 18 has a fast connection to data server 20. In many cases, server proxy 18 executes on the same physical machine as data server 20. Server proxy 18 is responsible for the retrieval of documents from data server 20 in response to commands received from client 12. Data server 20 can be any repository of data, including a web server, a file server, or a database. Throughout this process, even though application 14 may be adapted according to the policies of the client proxy, the source code of application 14 and the content of the data residing on data server 20 are not modified.
Shown in FIG. 2 is a diagram of the logical relationship of the elements of the present invention. Associated with client machine 12 are an application 14 and a number of elements that together comprise the client proxy 16. These elements include an export driver 22, a tracking driver 24, a policy element 26, a client kernel 28, and one or more decoders 30 (only one shown in the figure). On the server side, server machine 17 includes a data server 20 and a server proxy 18. Server proxy 18 includes a server kernel 32, an import driver 34, and one or more coders 36 (only one shown in the figure).
The adaptation method of the present invention can adapt one or more of the components of an application so long as the compound structure of documents of the application can be determined and so long as the components of the application include a run-time interface that allows the run-time modification of the data present internally in the application. A run-time interface of an application component that allows for the manipulation of the data present internally in an application is known as a Data Manipulation Interface (DMI), which is a subset of the API of the application component. The run-time interface or DMI permits the dynamic manipulation of the data that is present internally in the application. As an example, if an application such as a web browser is displaying a page containing an image at a low fidelity level, the presence of a DMI in the web browser allows the replacement of the lower fidelity image with a higher fidelity version of the same image. Thus, the application, through its DMI, allows the alteration through a second external application of the data that is being processed by the application during the time that the application is working on the data.
Client kernel 28 and server kernel 32 are each component-independent modules that facilitate the transfer of document requested by the application 14. Neither kernel has knowledge of the specifics of the component applications or the documents being adapted. Instead, each kernel operates on a description of the documents that is independent of the application components used in generating the document, the description being referred to as Component Independent Format (CIF). The CIF includes the data skeleton of the document, which describes the data structure of the document, and a set of data items. The format of many compound documents (i.e., documents produced by several application components and containing data corresponding to each of those application components) allows them to be easily translated into a tree-like data structure. The data skeleton has the form of a tree, with the root of the tree being the document being retrieved and the children of the tree being the pages, slides, or other individual data components of the document. The data components may be stored in a format that is specific to the application component that generated them. In the case of a document that is nominally a word processing document, the document may contain not only one or more text data components, but also other data components in the form of spreadsheets or images, each possibly in a different format, specific to the application component that generated them.
The data skeleton is a multi-level data structure. A data component at any level of the data skeleton can logically include other data components and the skeleton itself can be arbitrarily complex depending on the complexity of the document itself. Each data component of the skeleton includes native data of the document being retrieved. As an initial step in the process of adapting a document, the document being retrieved is transformed into a data skeleton. The data skeleton data structure does not contain the content of any of the data components of the document. Rather, the data component indicates only the internal data structure of the document, together with an indication of the location, size, and type of the data components within the document. The data skeleton is transferred across communication link 40 to client proxy 16, where the policy element 26 instructs client kernel 28 to retrieve a subset of the data components of the data skeleton, to specify the fidelity level of each data component to be retrieved, or to specify that a particular data transformation be performed on the data components to be retrieved.
A component-specific import driver 34 and export driver 22 is required for each application component that is to be adapted by the adaptation technique described herein. For more complex policies, a tracking driver 24 may also be necessary. Thus, for the present invention to support the adaptation of an application component, client and server drivers must be written specifically for the application, its file format, and its DMI. The present invention is a combination of custom components prepared for each of the application components to be adapted (import driver, export driver, tracking driver) and application-independent component that operate without reference to the application component being adapted or the document being retrieved (client kernel and server kernel).
The function of import driver 34 is to parse the documents retrieved from data server 20, extracting from the documents their compound structure and converting the documents from their application-specific file formats to CIF. When the file format of the document is parseable, either because the file format is human-readable, such as XML, or because sufficient documentation exists to write an application-specific parser, import driver 34 may run directly on server machine 17 to construct the data skeleton of the retrieved document by parsing the document in server proxy 18. Running import driver on server machine 17 in the case of readily parseable document results in efficient throughput in server machine 17.
The static parsing of retrieved documents by import driver 34 is not satisfactory in the case of a dynamic document that includes executable scripts or other embedded data elements that dynamically alter the content of the document. To recognize executable scripts and other dynamic mechanisms within a retrieved document, an import driver for dynamic content runs in client proxy 16 and includes an intercept mechanism that traces dynamic requests back to data elements in the data server 20. These data elements are then fetched through the client and the server kernel and inserted into the application through DMI calls. As a result of this process, both the client and server are aware of the content of the document being retrieved, despite the presence of executable scripts or other embedded data elements in the document.
When the application includes a DMI, but has an opaque file format that is not readily parseable, an instance of the application is run on server proxy 18, allowing the DMI of the application to be used by import driver 34 to uncover the data structure of the retrieved document. In this mode, this instance of the application running on server machine 17 is an aid in completing the parsing function without the necessity of a detailed understanding of the file format of the files of the application being adapted. Using the application itself as a parser may result in a large overhead in the server, however, resulting in a lower overall performance in the server. Moreover, having the application run in the server necessitates that the operating system of the server be the same as the operating system of the client.
Within client proxy 16, export driver 22 unparses the CIF representation and updates the application using the exposed DMI interface of the application. Unparsing is the process of converting CIF to a component specific format. Export driver 22 supports the insertion of newly retrieved data components of the retrieved document into an executing application 14. A tracking driver 24 is necessary for the more complex policies. A tracking driver 24 tracks the data components of the retrieved data file that are being viewed by the user and can intercept load and save requests issued by the user to application 14. Tracking drivers can be implemented through polling or event registration mechanisms. In one example, if a user passes a mouse over an image, this event can be identified by tracking driver 24, which instructs the policy element that a tracked event has occurred. In response, a possible policy may instruct the retrieval of a higher fidelity version of the image to the application.
A transcoder is any element, such as a coder 36 or a decoder 30 that performs a transformation on the data components of the document being retrieved. A transcoder may be conventional in nature, such as the well-known transcoders that compress text and images or reduce image resolution as a means of reducing the size of a document. Because the result of a transcoding operation is a separate or distinct version of a data component, this process is known as versioning. As an example, coder 36 may convert a data component of the document that is an image to a version of the image having a lower fidelity level, thereby reducing the data size of the image. After the lower fidelity image is passed to the client, decoder 30 may decode the image. The decoding step may attempt to return the image to a fidelity level that is the same or nearly the same as the original fidelity level. All coding need not be symmetrical, however. In some environments, it may be desirable for the application to receive a version of the document that is different from the version of the document present on the data server.
Another transcoding mechanism of the present invention is the selection of a subset of the data components of the data skeleton, a technique known as subsetting. Each data component of a data skeleton may be logically related to a number of children of the data component. When loading only a subset of the children of a given data component or node of the CIF, it may be necessary to modify the data component of the parent node to reflect that only a subset of the children of the node were loaded by the import driver as part of a transcoding step being performed on the retrieved document. By selecting only a portion of the data components associated with a parent node of the data skeleton, a temporary data component of the data skeleton is defined and created that includes only a subset of the children nodes of the parent node. A subsetting step need not involve the alteration of the fidelity of a data component. Depending on the policy applied in client proxy 16, a transcoding step may include both a subsetting transcoding step and a versioning transcoding step.
Policy element 26 is included in client proxy 16 and controls the fetching of documents and the fetching of data elements of documents. Upon receiving a data skeleton in response to a document request, policy element 26 transverses the data skeleton passed to it by client kernel 28, determining, in accordance with the policy, both the data components that are to be retrieved and the fidelity of the data components to be retrieved. Policies generally fall into two categories: (a) general purpose policies that are implemented independently of the data component being adapted, an example of which are prefetching policies, and (b) component-specific policies that use the knowledge of the document type being retrieved to control the adaptation (e.g., a policy that retrieves only the first slide of a PowerPoint slide).
A policy may, for example, choose data components and the fidelity level of data components on the basis of available bandwidth, network cost, energy considerations, and any other user-defined preferences. As an example, a user may specify that all text items are to be retrieved and displayed to the user first in an effort to reduce the latency effects experienced by a user. Other policies may attempt to track the user as the user runs the application in an effort to track the user's needs. For example, a policy may require that the kernel fetch the current PowerPoint slide as well as next following three PowerPoint slides. Other policies may attempt to track the user's behavior. For example, if the user only accesses every other page in a document, the policy, recognizing this behavior on the part of the user, may instruct the kernel to cease fetching the unselected pages of the document (as established by the user's selection pattern) and instead fetch every other page or data component of the document being retrieved and run by the application. Because the operation of a policy is user-specific, a policy may be as complex as necessary and have many inputs. Regardless of whether the decision to fetch a component is made by a general purpose policy or a component-specific policy, the actual transcoding and transfer of the data is handled and managed by the client and server kernels, relieving policy element 26 from the intricacies of the transcoding and communication functions. Ultimately, the policy is user-specific and therefore may vary depending on the application, the data being retrieved by the application, and the behavior and preferences of the user.
The adaptation process of the present invention is divided into three stages, as shown in the flow diagram of FIG. 3. First, at step 40, the document requested by the application is parsed in the server to reveal the structure of the document. Second, selected data components of the document are fetched at step 42 by the client at specific fidelity levels. Third, the application is updated with the newly fetched data at step 44. A flow diagram of the step of parsing the requested document is shown in FIG. 4. At step 50, the user first selects an application and a document to be opened under the application. Upon selection by the user of a document, the server proxy 18 at step 52 selects an appropriate import driver 34 for the selected document. The import driver parses the document, extracting its data skeleton and data components (step 54), and generates a CIF representation (step 56). For most applications, as discussed above, the data skeleton is constructed by statically parsing the document at import driver 34, which has direct and fast access to the entire document stored at a data server 20.
In the case of dynamic mechanisms embedded in documents, import driver 34 cannot accurately determine the data components of the data skeleton. Even if the import driver attempted to determine each of the data components as if the import driver were a client executing the application, the determination may not be accurate, as the content may change depending upon variables in or received by application 14. In this case, a dynamic import driver in client proxy 16 intercepts requests for dynamic elements embedded in the retrieved document and recognizes that data may be dynamically added to the retrieved document. If the document is modified in client proxy 16 due to the execution of a dynamic element embedded in the retrieved document, changes to the document are reflected back to the server proxy so that the server proxy is aware of the content and data structure of the retrieved document.
A flow diagram of the process of document fetching steps are shown in FIG. 5. When the server first retrieves the requested document, server kernel 32 transfers at step 60 the data skeleton to the client kernel without the inclusion of any data components. The policies running on policy element 26 next request at step 62 that client kernel 28 retrieve an identified set of data components, each at a specific fidelity level. At step 64, the client kernel notifies the server kernel of the requested data components. At step 66, the data components are received at the client kernel and supplied to the application 14 as though the retrieved data components are at the highest possible fidelity level and are a complete set of all of the data components of the requested document. The application, believing that the loading of the requested document is complete, returns control to the user.
The client proxy and server proxy, depending on the policy in effect and the user's behavior in the application, may fetch the remainder of the data components of the retrieved document. As an example, in the case of a PowerPoint file, only the first several slides may be transferred to the application. Following this transfer, the client proxy and server server may transfer in the background the remaining slides of the document. As a second example, in the case of an Internet Explorer file, the data components of a page may be transferred to the application in the form of lower fidelity versions of the page. As the user passes the mouse over images of the page, higher fidelity versions of these images are replaced in the file running on the Internet Explorer application.
To update the application with new or higher fidelity components, export driver 22 uses the DMI of the application 14 to update the data components of the document of the application. A flow diagram of the process of updating an application with data components using the DMI of an application is shown in FIG. 6. At step 70, tracking driver 34 notifies the policy that a tracked event has occurred. Tracked events may be specific to the application and may include the movement of the mouse over an image or the action of the user scrolling through the document. Once the tracking driver has notified the policy that a tracked event has occurred, the steps performed to update the data component of the application are the same outlined in the flow diagram of FIG. 5. The policy requests that the client kernel retrieve the document (step 62). The client kernel notifies the server kernel of the requested data component (step 64), and the data components are received at the client and supplied to the application (step 66). At step 66, the step of supplying the data components to the application is done through the DMI of the application, allowing the application to receive an update to data that is being used by the application.
At least two update modalities are used by export driver 22 and mirror the methods by which most applications function. For applications that support a cut-and-paste function (e.g., PowerPoint, Word, Excel), export driver 22 uses a clipboard to insert new data components into the document of the application. For applications that attempt to read and load every data element of the document as a method of acquiring the data element (e.g., Internet Explorer), the proxy asks the application to reload the component being replaced. As an example, if export driver 22 wanted to replace a lower fidelity image in Internet Explorer with a higher fidelity image, export driver 22 would instruct application 14 to reload the image and, following the application's reload instruction, supply application 14 with the higher fidelity image for reloading in the application.
The present invention will support the operation of the application to be adapted in one machine and the client proxy on a different machine. Such an arrangement could be useful, for instance, if the client is a very small device, such as a handheld PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) that cannot support a client proxy. In another embodiment of the present invention, the server proxy and the data server may execute on different machines. Such an arrangement may be desirable, for instance, if the machine on which the data server resides is restricted for security or other reasons. It is also possible that both the client and the server proxy may be located on machines different from the application and the data server, respectively.
Various example adaptation policies were presented. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the present invention provides the infrastructure necessary to enable these and other adaptation policies without modifying the source code of the application or the document on the data server, and that its scope is not restricted to the example policies given. In particular, it will be appreciated that these policies may have a variety of objectives, including but not limited to the objectives of reduction of latency and bandwidth consumption.
Although the present invention has been described in detail, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions, and alterations can be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
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Owner name: UNIVERSITY, WILLIAM MARSH RICE, TEXAS
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:DE LARA, EYAL;WALLACH, DANIEL S.;ZWAENEPOEL, WILLY;REEL/FRAME:011690/0197
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text:
External yellowish white depression after septorhinoplasty. Any suggestions? (photos)
I've had this little spot since after I had my cast taken off. It doesn't seem to be worsening, nor does it seem to be getting better. It does not exhibit any telltale signs of infection, such as heat, excessive redness, puffiness, itchiness or weeping. It's just... there. I am concerned that it might be healing poorly. I had an alar base reduction and there were stitches there that were removed only a few days ago. The surgery itself was only a little over two weeks ago. Please help, I am so worried. :(
Doctor Answers 3
Post-septorhinoplasty healing
Thank you for the question and the photo! It is rather difficult to fully assess your situation without an in-person examination. Considering that your procedure took place just a little over two weeks ago, it is not uncommon to note some swelling and irregularities on your nose. In many cases, it takes about 4-6 months for swelling to completely resolve. For a full evaluation of your concern, I would recommend scheduling an appointment with your board-certified plastic surgeon to determine whether the depression in question requires a medical attention or it is likely to disappear in the course of the healing process. Best of luck! Dr. Michael Omidi.
Web reference: http://www.michaelomidi.com/rhinoplasty/
Alar Base Reduction Incision Concerns
Dear Kassurinreichan, I would see your surgeon for a diagnosis to determine the treatment to heal this area. You do have some tracking from the sutures which may have been left in to long. Best regards, Michael V. Elam, M.D.
Web reference: http://michaelelammd.com/rhinoplasty-gallery
Alar base narrowing ulceration
The suture marks can be seen tracking along the Weir incision (which can't easily be seen as it's well hidden in the alarfacial groove). The area of concern appears to be a superficial ulceration of the skin. As it is most likely only a partial thickness ulceration, the skin will heal over in the course of a couple of weeks. The best treatment is to have an ointment constantly covering it. Wounds heal better that way.
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These answers are for educational purposes and should not be relied upon as a substitute for medical advice you may receive from your physician. If you have a medical emergency, please call 911. These answers do not constitute or initiate a patient/doctor relationship.