text:
The development and validation of the Virtual Tissue Matrix, a software application that facilitates the review of tissue microarrays on line
The Tissue Microarray (TMA) facilitates high-throughput analysis of hundreds of tissue specimens simultaneously. However, bottlenecks in the storage and manipulation of the data generated from TMA reviews have become apparent. A number of software applications have been developed to assist in image and data management; however no solution currently facilitates the easy online review, scoring and subsequent storage of images and data associated with TMA experimentation.
This paper describes the design, development and validation of the Virtual Tissue Matrix (VTM). Through an intuitive HTML driven user interface, the VTM provides digital/virtual slide based images of each TMA core and a means to record observations on each TMA spot. Data generated from a TMA review is stored in an associated relational database, which facilitates the use of flexible scoring forms. The system allows multiple users to record their interpretation of each TMA spot for any parameters assessed. Images generated for the VTM were captured using a standard background lighting intensity and corrective algorithms were applied to each image to eliminate any background lighting hue inconsistencies or vignetting.
Validation of the VTM involved examination of inter-and intra-observer variability between microscope and digital TMA reviews. Six bladder TMAs were immunohistochemically stained for E-Cadherin, β-Catenin and PhosphoMet and were assessed by two reviewers for the amount of core and tumour present, the amount and intensity of membrane, cytoplasmic and nuclear staining.
Results show that digital VTM images are representative of the original tissue viewed with a microscope. There were equivalent levels of inter-and intra-observer agreement for five out of the eight parameters assessed. Results also suggest that digital reviews may correct potential problems experienced when reviewing TMAs using a microscope, for example, removal of background lighting variance and tint, and potential disorientation of the reviewer, which may have resulted in the discrepancies evident in the remaining three parameters.
Tissue Microarrays (TMAs) provide high-throughput analysis of tissue samples for in situ hybridisation and immunohistochemistry, by means of arranging multiple tissue samples in a uniform structure on the surface of a glass slide. TMAs allow for large numbers of tissue samples to be analysed simultaneously at DNA, RNA or protein level.
A large amount of data is associated with TMAs, ranging from information on the tissue (patient information), to their construction, subsequent staining and assessment. It was becoming apparent that applications to assist in pathologist's reviews of TMAs are required, as bottlenecks in the storage and manipulation of the data generated are beginning to emerge.
There have been previous attempts to create software applications that facilitate review of TMAs
The ability to interpret, review and grade histology in TMA images across the Internet was assessed by Bova et al.
The advent of virtual slides permitted the review of whole tissue slides across the Internet
The aim of this study was to develop and validate a software application that would combine the benefits of virtual slides and online relational database technology, to facilitate TMA reviews and scoring via the Internet. To validate the software system developed, a study was created to ensure the system could achieve comparable results to those obtained from traditional glass slide analysis. The study examined users' ability to agree when performing virtual and glass reviews of six immunohistochemically stained tissue microarrays, across eight parameters.
Two reviewers (Users A and B) examined 183 TMA spots (196 minus 12 control spots and one un-reviewed spot) stained with 3 immunostains using both review methods (microscope and VTM). Neither user reported any technical difficulties when performing digital or microscope analysis. The levels of intra-and inter-observer variability between digital and microscope TMA reviews were assessed, for parameters examining the amount of core and tumour present, the amount and intensity of membrane, cytoplasmic and nuclear staining.
Table 1
Agreement levels (%) and un-weighted kappa values by measured parameter for each comparison of TMA reviews.
Virtual vs. Glass
User A vs. B Virtual
User A vs. B Glass
% Agree
% Agree
% Agree
% Core Present
% Tumour Present
% Membrane Staining
% Cytoplasmic Staining
% Nuclear Staining
Membrane Intensity
Cytoplasmic Intensity
Nuclear Intensity
Virtual vs. Glass was the average of two users' agreements when comparing virtual with glass TMA reviews. User A vs. B Virtual was User A virtual TMA review compared with User B virtual TMA review. User A vs. B Glass was User A glass TMA review compared with User B glass TMA review.
The parameter, % Tumour present, was difficult to assess, with low agreement recorded for inter-and intra-observer agreements across virtual and glass TMA reviews. As this parameter has equivalent levels of inter-observer variability for both virtual and glass TMA reviews, it has to be assumed that poor performance is not based on the method, but more likely the size of the range used. A 10% interval was used to quantify the amount of tumour present, which appears too constrained for this parameter.
Reviewers found quantification of the parameter membrane intensity difficult to reproduce between virtual and glass TMA reviews. When users assessed membrane intensity using a microscope, they predominantly used two categories of staining intensity, negative and moderate. With the virtual TMA review, users appeared to use the classifier more extensively, as illustrated in Figure
Figure 1
Distribution of the results for virtual and glass TMA reviews of cytoplasmic and membrane staining intensity and cytoplasmic staining
Distribution of the results for virtual and glass TMA reviews of cytoplasmic and membrane staining intensity and cytoplasmic staining. Illustrates the distribution of the classifiers when using virtual and glass methods to (1A) Amount of cytoplasmic staining performed by glass TMA review (1B) Amount of cytoplasmic staining performed by virtual TMA review (2A) Cytoplasmic staining intensity performed by glass TMA review (2B) Cytoplasmic staining intensity performed by virtual TMA review (3A) Membrane staining intensity performed by glass TMA review (3B) Membrane staining intensity performed by virtual TMA review.
The objective of this study was to design and develop an online software application that presents tissue microarray images and stores associated review and clinical data. The result was the Virtual Tissue Matrix (VTM), which consists of TMA images available at multiple magnifications, scoring forms to gather TMA review data and a relational database to store the generated results.
The VTM displays virtual TMA images via a web site and facilitates the storage of TMA data via a relational database. There are numerous advantages of using the VTM over other proposed software systems of its type. Downloading of the images is rapid. Only views that are requested by the user are returned at maximum resolution, thereby downloading the minimum required dataset. The VTM was designed in consultation with scientists and pathologists and, as a result, the reviewing process emulates the workflow involved in conventional TMA reviews. The VTM interface is delivered in HTML, via a conventional web browser, allowing for intuitive user interaction. The VTM database is relational; a structure more suited to the storage of the object oriented dataset generated from TMA experimentation, than previous efforts incorporating flat files and spreadsheets for data storage.
Since the creation of the VTM there have been numerous advances in the technologies used for image acquisition
The VTM has been upgraded to support images generated by an Aperio Scanscope T3 Scanner™. Advantages of using the Aperio Scanscope T3 Scanner™ include, batch uploading of slides, the ability to scan glass TMA slides at 20 × magnification within minutes, one touch scanning which reduces manual intervention, automatic section of autofocus points within the tissue, and seamless images with no tiling artifacts. Despite the advances in image acquisition and the obvious advantages automated systems have over older more labour intensive systems, these systems do not wholly address the problem of relating TMA images to review and image analysis data.
The method used to acquire digital images within the VTM is not the main concern of this manuscript, the technology is constantly developing and advancing, and as new and improved systems are developed they can be integrated into the VTM with ease as illustrated by the upgrade to Aperio™.
Once developed the VTM was validated, via assessment of inter-and intra-observer variability on two users' evaluations of immunohistochemically stained tissue microarrays, using digital and microscope analysis. Eight parameters were evaluated, the amount of core and tumour present, the amount and intensity of membrane, cytoplasmic and nuclear staining.
Comparisons evaluated in this study illustrated that intra-and inter-observer virtual TMA reviews produced equivalent levels of agreement as intra-and inter-observer glass TMA reviews, for five out of the eight parameters examined. Where discrepancies occurred it was dependent on the parameters and users involved. In all comparisons, low levels of agreement for the amount of tumour present were observed. This was not surprising, as the application of classifiers to any data continuum (data that does not naturally fall into discrete clusters) results in scoring variability around the interfaces of the classifier. This variability is increased when the number of classes are increased creating more interfaces. Also, of the two reviewers used, one was a scientist and one a pathologist. The scientist accurate interpretation of tumour/non tumour may potentially be questioned as a result of this work.
Of particular interest, were a large number of observations that were considered positively stained by virtual TMA reviews which were considered negatively stained when reviewed using a microscope. This was particularly evident when quantifying the amount of cytoplasmic staining; where virtual TMA reviews observed substantially more positively stained spots than glass TMA reviews. The additional positively stained spots were largely considered to stain between 1–30% of the tumour area and/or to be weakly stained. This suggests that virtual TMA reviews may be more successful in allowing the identification of small areas of staining and/or where staining intensity is low.
One proposed reason for the identification of staining when using digital images that was not observed with a microscope was the use of correcting adjustments to the image data during the digitising of TMAs. Bulbs used in microscopes have a characteristic tint; in general this is yellow or straw coloured. However, this tint is removed when digitising slides using a corrective algorithm, potentially unmasking weak staining that would otherwise be attributable to background tint. Also, with microscope based analysis, background light is adjusted to best suit each individual spot. When digitising the slides for this study, a constant background light intensity was used to digitise all slides for this study.
Excluding nuclear staining, where positive staining was infrequent, agreement levels were low when examining staining intensity. When using a conventional microscope, in general, users failed to utilise all grades within the classifier to characterise positive staining intensity; the category of moderate staining was repeatedly used when positive staining was observed, particularly for membrane staining. However, with digital reviews, all grades within the classifier were utilised more extensively, which suggests that the review of digital images gives a user more confidence to discriminate between different intensities and that subtle differences in intensity may be easier to detect when utilising digital slides, than when utilising a microscope. This may be due to the standardisation in lighting while preparing the images.
Human observers, while excellent at object classification, are inherently poor at quantifying intensities and areas to any degree of accuracy. Studies have shown that image analysis produces more reproducible results than pathologists for quantifying the intensity of staining, in relation to β-Catenin expression in TMAs for colon cancer
The virtual tissue matrix (VTM) was created to assist in TMA analysis, by providing digital TMA images at multiple magnifications online, and submitting TMA review data from an online form into an associated database. The VTM illustrated that digital TMA analysis obtained equivalent levels of agreement as microscope based analysis, for five out of eight parameters. The remaining three parameters achieved greater levels of agreement when performed using microscope analysis. However, on further investigation of the three parameters, it is proposed that the digital reviews may be providing the user with greater capability to accurately assess staining presence and intensity. Results illustrated users were incapable of agreeing when comparing digital and microscope TMA analysis when classifying staining intensity. Greater levels of staining was observed when performing digital TMA analysis, it is suggested this is due to the background correction step involved in digitising the slides.
Comparisons of digital with glass reviews of immunohistochemistry stained slides is well documented in literature, however, in order to validate the VTM it was necessary to perform this study. As previously reported in literature, there was some degree of inter-and intra-observer variability. However, the ability of users to observe more positive staining when performing digital reviews, and the inability of users to utilise all categories within the classifiers provided when performing glass reviews are previously unreported in literature.
Construction of TMAs
Forty eight bladder tumours which were part of a wider study were utilized in this evaluation. Bladder cancer TMAs were constructed from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue blocks using a Beecher Instruments® tissue arrayer. All FFPE blocks were sectioned and stained with Haematoxylin and Eosin (H&E). Two cores each of normal and tumour tissue where sampled. A total of 6 TMAs were constructed, with 48 cases and 196 2 mm cores, including 12 control spots composed of liver tissue. Due to the heterogeneous nature of bladder tissue, 2 mm cores were utilised. TMAs were sectioned at 4 μm and probed with three antibodies, E-cadherin (Novocastra™), β-Catenin (Labvision Corp., RB-9035-P1) and PhosphoMet Tyr1234/1235 (Cell Signalling Technology, 3126S). The method used was the Vectastain® ABC (avidin/biotin) system (Vector Laboratories Inc, PK6200), with visualisation being accomplished by using DAB (3,3'-Diaminobenzidine tetrahydrochloride) as the chromogen. The antibody to E-Cadherin shows membrane staining; the antibody to β-Catenin shows membrane and cytoplasmic staining
Construction of virtual TMAs
The imaging system was composed of an Olympus BX-40 microscope (Olympus, NY, USA) incorporating a Prior H101 motorised stage. Images were captured at 4 × using a Plan Achromat lens, and at 20 × using a Plan Fluorite lens. The camera used to scan the immunostained TMAs was a 3-chip JVC KY 55 B 3 CCD. The camera has a red, green and blue (RGB) digital signal output to an Imaging Technologies IC RGB frame grabber, (Coreco Imaging Incorporated, MA, USA) which was housed in a Silicon Graphics ZX10 imaging workstation. A software algorithm was constructed using the Optimas development environment (Media Cybernetics, MD, USA) that facilitated the remote control of the stage and the construction of wide field-of-view images from a montage of smaller fields. All software was written in-house. This facilitated the development of a low cost method of image acquisition. Purchase of dedicated scanners for image acquisition can often be prohibitively costly for research groups, and this approach may present researchers with a low cost solution to this issue.
TMAs were initially scanned at 4 × to create a tiled 'thumbnail' image of the entire array. This overview image was used to locate cores manually through a custom Graphical User Interface. The user clicked on the centre of each core on the overview image and the coordinate generated was used to seed an automatic scanning algorithm for all cores at 20 ×. The array of captured images (6 × 8) were then tiled together to form a montage bitmap image of approximately 60.5 MB (4607 × 4592 pixels. 2.0 mm cores were used as they illustrate the ability of the scanning system to acquire and integrate multiple fields of view at 20 ×, a large diameter of core was required as a smaller diameter cores could potentially be captured within a single field.
The Macromedia Flash application, Zoomify™, was used to display images within the VTM framework. Zoomify™ Droplet, a software tool provided by Zoomify™, uses the original scanned BMP image as an input and converts it into a set of JPEG image tiles
Validation of image quality
When using a lossy compression algorithm, such as JPEG, image quality is reduced when compared with that of uncompressed images. To ensure that the compression rate used by Zoomify™ provided images of sufficient quality, a series of consultations with pathologists and scientists were performed, where compressed and uncompressed images were compared. The outcome of this consultation was that the images generated by Zoomify™ were suitable for scoring. Figure
Figure 2
Digital image of TMA spot presented in VTM using Zoomify™ application
Digital image of TMA spot presented in VTM using Zoomify™ application. On the top left corner of image is the thumbnail overview; the red box identifies location within the spot. The key at the bottom of the image allows the user to change position or magnification, which can also be controlled by the cursor.
Design phase of the VTM
The design objectives of the VTM system were to provide TMA images of sufficient quality to review over the World Wide Web, to present scoring forms to record TMA results and to create a relational database that can store and subsequently retrieve data gathered during scoring.
PHP, Javascript, HTML and Oracle were used to create the VTM. PHP is a server side scripting language, which creates dynamic web pages, through embedding PHP code in HTML pages. Through the use of SQL queries, it can also extract data from many conventional databases (Oracle, MySQL, etc). Javascript adds interactive client side functionality to otherwise static HTML pages
Database design
The construction of TMAs facilitates the generation of hundreds of TMA slides from a single TMA block; therefore every TMA slide produced has the ability to be stained with a unique immunostain. A major benefit of storing TMA images and results within a relational database is the ability to extract all the results associated with a single core, which potently may have been immunostained hundreds of times. This functionality is available within the VTM.
Based on analysis of conventional TMA datasets, it was established that eleven groupings of data would be sufficient to record all relevant information; therefore, eleven tables where created in the VTM relational database. Each table contains information relating to a specific aspect of a TMA review. For example, the USER table contains information relating to users only; SCORES table contains information relating to the TMA analysis results only. A unique identifier interlinks all tables and by using SQL statements, information can be retrieved from multiple tables simultaneously. For example, results relating to a specific user can be obtained by creating an SQL statement that requests information from the SCORES and USER tables. Table
Table 2
Tables within the VTM database and examples of their content.
Table Name
Information held
User details
E-mail address
TMA Manufacturer
Manufacturer details
Tissue Microarrays
Diagram of cores
Patient information
Biopsy details
Biopsy notes
Core details
Tissue type
Spots in a slide
Magnification scanned
Experiment Slide
Experiment procedure
Treatment name
Slide scoring range
Scoring ranges
Staining category
Amt of Nuclear staining
Intensity Table
Staining intensity details
Staining type
Additional File 1
A complete schema of the database structure, and lists all the tables and entries within the tables.
Click here for file
The database has been designed to eliminate replication of data input. For example, a manufacturer of TMAs details are only entered into the database once regardless of the number of TMAs they have constructed, once their account is created they can be associated with multiple blocks/slides and studies. There is also the ability to add information into the database after the initial study has been created. For example, if patient or biopsy information is not known at the time of entering the TMA review results into the database, they may be entered at a later date, by simply entering the patient or biopsy information and then selecting the cores the information applies to. However, users are unable to overwrite the TMA review results already present in the database.
Depending on the internet connection used (times described here are for LAN settings of 10 Mbps), it takes approx 5 seconds to download the thumbnail overview of a TMA slide; once a core has been selected it takes approx 2–3 seconds to view the individual core in the Zoomify ™ window. There are no restrictions on the number of images that can be displayed within the VTM, currently there are 196 images. However, the number of images displayed is dependent on the capacity of the server available to the users.
Interface design
The user interface had to be easily navigated, interpretable and provide images at sufficient speed and resolution for review. There are two types of user account within the VTM, namely administrator or user. A user has restricted access to the site; they can only review and score images. An administrator has additional privileges within the site; they can create new studies, add new images and scoring forms and can view all data stored in the database.
The VTM was constructed so the user is lead through the site, not having to concentrate on the sequence of events, freeing up analysis time for the reviewing process. Figure
Figure 3
Options available to users through the VTM interface
Options available to users through the VTM interface. Schematic diagram showing options available to Administrators and Users within the VTM interface.
Figure 4
Overview of digital TMA slide as presented in the VTM interface
Overview of digital TMA slide as presented in the VTM interface. Clicking on any spot will result in an enlarged version of the spot being provided, as in Figure 5.
Figure 5
Scoring form presented to users within the VTM interface
Scoring form presented to users within the VTM interface. Results can be entered into the scoring form on the left, the image can be magnified and scrolling is possible via the controls provided.
Users, scales and parameters recorded
Two pathologists and one research scientist scored the immunohistochemically stained TMA slides. One of the former was an external examiner, completing a virtual review of one slide from an international location. This review was conducted to ensure the VTM functioned in a remote location and to ensure that a user who had no contribution to the design phase could use the VTM software system. As a result of having only one data set from this user, their observations were not included in the results that follow.
Review methods included a glass slide review and a virtual slide review. The glass slide review was a traditional microscope-based process; the virtual review was performed over the World Wide Web using the VTM. Eight parameters were examined for each spot. The amount and intensity of membrane, cytoplasmic and nuclear staining, as well as the amount of core and tumour present in each spot, were recorded. A five-point scale was used to record the staining intensity. Within the five-point scale, grade 0 represented negative staining, grade 1 was weak staining, grade 2 was moderate staining and grade 3 was strong staining. Grade 4 was included to record variable staining; this option was only available when scoring membrane staining.
A four-point scale was used to record the amount of staining present in tumour-containing regions of each spot. Grade 0 represented no staining, grade 1 represented 1–30% of relevant cells staining, grade 2 represented 31–50% staining and grade 3 represented greater than 50% staining. An eleven-point scale was used to record the amount of core and tumour present. Grade 0 was negative/no tissue, and grade 1 to 10 increased in 10% increments to 100%.
Cohen's un-weighted Kappa
Cohen's un-weighted kappa values were one of two methods used to quantify the level of agreements achieved when comparing two datasets generated from TMA reviews. Kappa was not the primary statistics used in the dataset comparisons involved in this study, however; Kappa has been included as it is widely used in comparisons of observer agreement of this type. Landis and Koch kappa interpretation scale was used to evaluate the level of kappa agreements; the interpretation scale is illustrated in Table
Table 3
Interpretation of Landis and Koch kappa values.
Kappa Value Range
Almost Perfect
Ranges of Cohen's Kappa values.
TMA-tissue microarray
TMAs-tissue microarrays
VTM-virtual tissue matrix
Authors' contributions
CMC involved in designing the VTM, performed validation of the VTM and TMA virtual image quality, performed statistical analysis, and drafted the manuscript. DOS involved in designing the VTM, validation of TMA virtual image quality, constructed TMAs, performed immunohistochemical staining and performed microscope and digital TMA reviews. SOB involved in designing the VTM, and proof reading the manuscript. DKL designed the VTM database, digitised the slides, executed the coding of the VTM and performed validation of the VTM. GDD created the first version of the VTM, involved in designing the current VTM. AOG involved in designing the VTM, and validation of TMA virtual image quality. HB performed microscope and digital TMA reviews. CG performed digital TMA reviews. LOD proof read the manuscript. WMG involved in designing the VTM, validation of the TMA virtual image quality, structuring and proof reading the manuscript. EWK involved in designing the VTM, validation of the TMA virtual image quality, structuring and proof reading the manuscript. DGOS conceived the VTM application, conceived the validation study (comparing microscope and digital TMA slide reviews), participated in VTM design, creation and validation, coordinated and helped to draft and proof read the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
Availability and requirements
The Virtual Tissue Matrix can be found at
Additional File 2
Source code for the VTM site and database
Click here for file
For more information on the VTM readers can log into the site using Username, VTM and Password, VTM
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The Washington Nationals
2010 MLB Record: 69-93 (5th in the NL East)
Minor League Power Ranking: 18th (out of 30)
Click for: Last Year's Top 10 Prospect List
The Prospects
1. Bryce Harper C/OF
Acquired: 2010 1st round (Las Vegas JC)
Pro Experience: None
2010 MiLB Level: Arizona Fall League
Opening Day Age: 18
Estimated Peak WAR: 7.0
Notes: In his pro debut in the Arizona Fall League, Harper hit .343/.410/.629 in nine games (35 at-bats). He showed some patience with four walks but also whiffed 11 times. It's an encouraging start to his pro career. In the AFL, Harper was getting out on his front foot and that was throwing off his timing and balance. He's definitely going to have to learn to stay back on off-speed pitches as he moves up the ladder. Against lesser pitching he can simply rely on his raw power and bat speed to compensate. If I'm going to nitpick, I might level out his shoulders a bit to help his swing plane. Drafted as a high school-aged catcher, his bat projects to play at any position on the diamond and he's expected to play the outfield in pro ball. Harper is expected to move through the minors quickly, but that could be about three years as top prep hitters usually need about four full seasons in the minors. He's spent a year in junior college but Harper is the same age as a high school player.
2. Derek Norris, C
Acquired: 2007 4th round (Kansas HS)
Pro Experience: 4 seasons
2010 MiLB Level: A+
Opening Day Age: 22
Estimated Peak WAR: 5.0
Notes: Norris, 21, had a breakout season in low-A ball in '09 but injuries slowed his follow-up effort in 2010. At high-A, he hit .235/.419/.419 in 298 at-bats. His ISO rate dropped from .227 to .185 but he continued to show a strong understanding of the strikeout zone and an ability to get on-base at a desirable clip. Norris had a walk rate of 22.3 BB%, which was almost 8% higher than any other hitter in the league (250+ at-bats). Norris' power output comes with a trade-off, striking out at a clip of 31.5%. If that keeps up, he'll likely struggle to hit for average at the MLB level, but he should still spend a lot of time on-base. Norris has a quiet stance with no moving parts, keeping his feet close together. He looks focused on the pitcher and watches the ball into the catcher's glove. Norris projects to be an offensive-minded starting catcher but his defense is actually pretty good. He threw out more than 50% of base runners but needs to sharpen his receiving and game-calling skills.
3. A.J. Cole, RHP
Acquired: 2010 4th round (Florida HS)
Pro Experience: 1 season
2010 MiLB Level: Short-season
Opening Day Age: 19
Estimated Peak WAR: 4.0
Notes: Cole was swayed away from the University of Miami by a $2 million pro contract. His repertoire includes a low-to-mid-90s fastball, solid curveball, and a changeup. Cole pitched just one inning during his pro debut but could open 2011 in low-A ball if he has a strong spring. He is rail thin and his delivery has some effort to it so the organization will want to be cautious with this talented arm. He throws with a three-quarter arm angle and has a long stride. He has the potential to be a top-of-the-rotation starter but Cole also has a long way to go.
4. Danny Espinosa, SS/2B
Acquired: 2008 3rd round (Long Beach State U)
Pro Experience: 3 seasons
2010 MiLB Level: AA/AAA/MLB
Opening Day Age: 23
Estimated Peak WAR: 3.5
Notes: Espinosa has a simple stance and approach at the plate. He has some movement in his bat but he has his hands in a good position to put a solid swing on the ball, which helps him generate good pop despite a modest build. Espinosa will likely hit 10-15 homers in the Majors but he could flirt with some 20-homer seasons unless he adjusts his approach to be a No. 2 hitter. He may not hit for a high average because he strikes out a lot (24.4 K% in AA) but he does get on base a fair bit, too. Along with some pop, Espinosa offers some stolen base ability and could nab 10-15 in a full big league season. On defense, he flashes a solid glove and a strong arm. He could end up at either second base or shortstop.
5. Sammy Solis, LHP
Acquired: 2010 2nd round (U of San Diego)
Pro Experience: 1 season
2010 MiLB Level: A-
Opening Day Age: 22
Estimated Peak WAR: 3.5
Notes: Solis looks like a big, strong innings-eater at 6'5" 230 lbs. There are some health concerns with the southpaw, though, as he's struggled with back problems. His repertoire is average and his heater sits 88-92 mph. Solis also flashes a plus changeup and good curveball. He's a strike thrower and could move quickly through the lower levels of the minors. Solis pitches with a low-three-quarter or side-arm delivery. He has a nice, smooth arm action with little effort. He pitched just four regular season innings after signing his first pro contract but he could start out the season in high-A ball.
6. Wilson Ramos, C
Acquired: 2004 non-drafted free agent (Venezuela)
Pro Experience: 6 seasons
2010 MiLB Level: AAA/MLB
Opening Day Age: 23
Estimated Peak WAR: 4.0
Notes: The Twins organization was able to deal Ramos to the Nationals thanks to the presence of All-Star Joe Mauer behind the dish. The young catcher had a solid season in 2010 and caught some attention with a solid MLB debut. He's always maintained a solid batting average in the minors but he was also aided by high BABIPs – something that rarely happens with slow-footed catchers at the MLB level. His overly-aggressive approach (4.1 BB% in AAA for the Twins) will also hurt his ability to maintain a respectable triple-slash line. Ramos possesses line-drive power right now but could grow into 15-20 homer power with regular playing time. He has a level stance and shows a nice line-drive swing. He has power but doesn't try to hit home runs. He has some bat speed and can really turn on the inside pitch. Defensively, Ramos has a strong arm that allows him to throw out a lot of base runners, and he also has good receiving skills.
7. Eury Perez, OF
Acquired: 2007 non-drafted free agent (Dominican Republic)
Pro Experience: 4 seasons
2010 MiLB Level: A-
Opening Day Age: 20
Estimated Peak WAR: 3.0
Notes: Perez, 20, has posted solid numbers in North America over the past two seasons. He hit .381/.443/.503 in '09 and .298/.344/.380 in '10. His batting averages have been helped by strong BABIPS: .418 and .355. Unlike Ramos, Perez possesses plus speed that will help him maintain strong BABIP rates in the Majors. The outfielder doesn't walk enough (4.7 BB%) and strikes out too much (16.9 K%) but he stole 64 bases in 77 attempts. He's raw and still has a lot of work to do but he could end up as an impact hitter if he can sharpen his approach; right now he's pretty much a hollow singles hitter with speed. Despite hitting from the right side, Perez gets out of the box quickly. On bunts, he almost looks like he's running before the ball makes contact with the bat. He does lean out over the plate a little too much at times and could benefit from standing a little taller. He's a strong defender, who good develop into a plus fielder.
8. Yunesky Maya, RHP
Acquired: 2010 non-drafted free agent (Cuba)
Pro Experience: 1 season
2010 MiLB Level: R/A+/AAA/MLB
Opening Day Age: 29
Estimated Peak WAR: 3.0
Notes: Maya, 29, is a little old for a typical rookie but he was a highly-touted Cuban hurler prior to signing with the Nationals. The right-hander may not have been in tip-top shape when he pitched 26.0 innings in the Majors and posted a strikeout rate of just 4.15 K/9 and FIP of 5.16. Maya followed up a disappointing showing in Majors with a strong winter league performance. In the Dominican, the right-hander gave up just 27 hits 41.0 innings and showed outstanding ground-ball rates. He also had solid control. Maya has a pretty classic three-quarter delivery. He could develop into a solid back-of-the-rotation starter for the Nats with a solid four-pitch mix and average fastball.
9. Brad Peacock, RHP
Acquired: 2006 41st round (Florida HS)
Pro Experience: 4 seasons
2010 MiLB Level: A+/AA
Opening Day Age: 23
Estimated Peak WAR: 3.0
Notes: Peacock, who turns 23 soon, shows good heat with a fastball in the 92-96 mph range. He also has a nice breaking ball and a developing changeup. His heater is a little straight and he works up in the strike zone too often, which could hurt him in the Majors. He may be better suited to the bullpen, but he's still young – and was a two-way player in high school – so he has projection left as a starting pitcher prospect. In 2010, Peacock spent the majority of the season in high-A where he missed a lot of bats (10.28 K/9) with good control (2.18 BB/9). His FIP sat at 3.14. If he doesn't settle into the starting rotation, he could end up as a solid set-up man. Peacock has a lower three-quarter delivery and short-arms the ball. There is some effort in his delivery, which could speed up the transition to the bullpen.
10. J.P. Ramirez, OF
Acquired: 2008 15th round (Texas HS0
Pro Experience: 2 seasons
2010 MiLB Level: A-
Opening Day Age: 21
Estimated Peak WAR: 4.0
Notes: Ramirez is a favorite of mine for his hitting ability, and there won't be many people who rank him this high. The left-handed hitter batted .296/.341/.470 in 506 at-bats. His power improved from '09 as his ISO rate jumped from .142 to .174. With some maturity as a hitter, his line-drive power should develop into 20+ homer power. Ramirez does need to show a little more patience at the plate as his walk rate has sat at 4.5 BB% each of the past two seasons but he doesn't strike out that much (16.4 K%) for a potential power hitter. His ticket to the Majors is definitely tied to his bat. He's not a speedy player by any means, which hampers him on the base paths and in the field. His arm is also average-at-best and he'll be limited to left field.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
USD/JPY: weekly wave analysis
Weekly. The market keeps moving up within the powerful multiyear uptrend, which is close to an end.
H4. Last week the pair ended correction [4]. After that, the prices resumed growth within another upward impulse [5]. The approximate trajectory of the upcoming move is at the picture.


text:
Posted December 11, 2013 by Luis Mercado in Sports
New York Mets Sign Bartolo Colon
The New York Mets have reached an agreement on a two year deal worth $20 million with 40 year old Bartolo Colon.
Ken Rosenthal of FOX Sports delivered the news on Twitter.
Sources: #Mets, Colon in agreement on two-year, $20M deal, pending physical.
— Ken Rosenthal (@Ken_Rosenthal) December 11, 2013
He pitched for a 18-6 record last season with the Oakland Athletics with a 2.65 ERA.


text:
A book will be published, composed of chapters drawn from a collection of rigorous background papers suitable for journal publication. The book will comprise three major sections. The first section will empirically measure the degree of regional versus global financial integration and document the progress of regional financial integration in emerging East Asia amid the rapidly globalizing financial landscape. The second section will compile studies on the dynamics and interaction between regional financial integration and financial globalization, and analyze the driving factors behind these two distinct forces of financial integration. The third section will provide the policy implications of findings from the first two sections, including the benefits, if any, of taking a regional approach to financial market integration over a global approach.
Latest Project Documents
|Global and Regional Financial Market Integration
|Jul 2014
|Global and Regional Financial Market Integration
|Mar 2009
Project Data Sheets (PDS) contain summary information on the project or program. Because the PDS is a work in progress, some information may not be included in its initial version but will be added as it becomes available. Information about proposed projects is tentative and indicative.
The Public Communications Policy (PCP) recognizes that transparency and accountability are essential to development effectiveness. It establishes the disclosure requirements for documents and information ADB produces or requires to be produced.
The Accountability Mechanism provides a forum where people adversely affected by ADB-assisted projects can voice and seek solutions to their problems and report alleged noncompliance of ADB's operational policies and procedures.
In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of, or reference to, a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.


text:
May 25, 2017 Disclaimer: Please read.
Statements and opinions expressed in articles are those of the authors, not Truthdig. Truthdig takes no responsibility for such statements or opinions.
Another Casualty of L.A.'s Cultural Indifference?
Posted on Dec 9, 2013
(Page 2)
Plain neglect has likewise kept audiences from fully appreciating other major examples of public political art. In 1996, Noni Olabisi painted one of the most controversial murals in Los Angeles history. "To Protect and Serve" is a favorable view of the Black Panther Party. It highlights the party's social welfare projects, including its free breakfast programs and its educational efforts. "To Protect and Serve" also features imagery that attacks domestic racism, including details about the Ku Klux Klan, police racial violence and the outrageous treatment of Panther leader Bobby Seale during the Chicago conspiracy trial of the late 1960s.
Despite a unanimous recommendation by the panel charged with approving murals for inclusion in the city mural program, the conservative city arts commission refused to fund it, generating a massive fight against its de facto censorship attempt. After considerable community support, the artist completed her mural and it was a source of neighborhood pride. A few years ago, however, the artwork was seriously defaced and its original grandeur has been diminished. Like Conrad's "Chain Reaction," repair and restoration should be a matter of urgent municipal priority.
Another iconic mural, by Richard Wyatt, is entitled "Cecil," also at the Watts Towers Arts Center. Painted in 1989, this work features a portrait of the late Cecil Fergerson. He was widely known as the "community curator," a man who devoted his life to the promotion of African-American visual art in Southern California. Fergerson was a tireless and visionary advocate. Wyatt's mural not only commemorates the man, but also inspires younger generations to continue his efforts to promote the visual contributions of people of color. Unfortunately, this mural, like many others throughout the region, has suffered the debilitating consequences of weather and pollution and is presently so faded that it is scarcely recognizable. Like many others, it needs a relatively small infusion of funds to ensure that the Los Angeles region truly matches in cultural practice what it proclaims so boldly in theory.
One other profound cultural loss in Los Angeles reflecting governmental and community indifference requires mention, even though it involved a private collection. For many decades, the Golden State Mutual Life Insurance Company, a black-owned corporation in South Los Angeles, held one of the most magnificent collections of original African-American art in the country. In 2007, the company, facing strong financial pressures, sold most of its major artworks, including some of the most famous works like Charles White's internationally known "General Moses," a striking portrait of Harriet Tubman. Swann Auction Galleries in New York City sold 94 works of art from the collection.
Despite the attempts by supporters of African-American art to save these masterpieces, few political leaders, major art and cultural figures, or others in a position to intervene or speak out did anything to preserve this cultural treasure in Los Angeles. Thousands of visitors had seen the works for 30 years; this opportunity, especially for youngsters in the African-American community, is now gone. Preserving this collection would have had enormous value not only to the African-American population, but also to all people in the increasingly multicultural region of Greater Los Angeles.
Cultural legacy matters enormously. We can ill afford to lose another major work of public political art. "Chain Reaction" must be preserved for several reasons. It is an outstanding public artwork by a master artist whose reputation for political cartooning will long endure. Moreover, it is a chilling reminder of the continuing danger of the potential of nuclear warfare, a danger that has scarcely dissipated in the early 21st century. That reminder reflects the highest educational purpose of public political art. But above all, its preservation would reverse the distressing tendency in the Los Angeles region toward cultural indifference. The time has come to align the official rhetoric of regional greatness with actions consistent with that vision.
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text:
Angel WreathMature
Some images from a combination of daydreams and nightmares of mine. I finally stopped lucid dreaming.
Lily petals, mutilation, bleeding,
A white tunnel of
Bloody raindrops and silver crosses
Pouring on stone gardens.
Do you like this hall of
Broken mirrors?
Spidered glass and jagged
The girl within the funeral
Alice in Wonderland or chains?
Whips tear into
Angel's flesh.
The wings welt up,
The roses rot.
You're alive inside
And I am not...


text:
At the club with AllisonMature
They parked near the club and Charlie, like a gentleman, opened the car door for her, helping her out. She was wearing a short, strap-less reddish-pink dress with a white ribbon tied in a bow under the breast. You could easily see her cleavage, and the skirt barely covered her bottom. She was his kind of girl, that was for sure.
When they entered the club, he got them both a cocktail, and they downed them and headed to the dance floor. She threw her hair around, dancing sexily for a joke. She ground against him, laughing, her arms slung loosely about his neck. He pulled her close and murmured,
"I'll get some more drinks," She smiled and nodded, letting go. She followed him to the edge of the dance floor, and watched him walk to the bar. He bought four more of the same vodka cocktails, and handed two to her, downing two of them himself. She drank hers slowly, but got tipsy much faster. She was clearly a bit of a light-weight. Soon she was dancing drunkenly, her moves only getting sluttier. Her hand running up her body, and over his. She slid a hand down his chest to his crotch, gripping it for a second. Then she grabbed his butt with two hands and planted a kiss square on his lips. He was liking this! He hardly had to do anything, she was making all the moves. He let his hand grip her thigh lightly, his other curled about her waist. They slow danced for a while, and then it was her turn to buy the drinks.
She bought four brightly-colored cocktails which Charlie was sure had an extremely high alcohol content. They both downed their drinks and headed to what was called "Lovers corner". There, feeling decidedly drunk, Charlie put his arms around her waist, letting her wrap hers around his neck, and then kissed her lightly. She kissed back, stronger, her lust strong. She deepened the kiss, pushing her tongue against his lips. He slid his hand down over her arse and tightened it around her thigh. She pulled him closer to her, urging him on. He was sliding his hand up her thigh when he caught himself. She wouldn't forgive him if she remembered this later.
"Lets go back to mine.." He whispered to her. She bit her lip, and murmured: "Yesss.."


text: NEW ORLEANS, July 18, 2011 /PRNewswire/ -- Treaty Energy Corporation (OTCQB: TECO), a growth-oriented energy company in the oil and gas industry, today reported on developments in Belize leading up to the implementation of its initial eight well drilling program. Andrew V. Reid, Chairman and CEO of Treaty Energy Corporation, stated, "We are pleased to confirm that all things requested of Treaty by both the Belize Department of Environment and Department of Petroleum have now been completed and provided to the proper Belizean agencies and approved. In addition, we are elated that the Director of the Ministry of the Environment has signed off on our environmental checklist and now confirmed that Treaty may move forward and drill the initial eight wells identified by location in our drilling program." Mr. Reid stated, "The Belize Minister of the Environment indicated that we should deliver the EIA report forthwith and prepare to immediately produce oil from the first well once drilling is completed. To accelerate this process we have retained an attorney from BNE to assist Treaty in finalizing the surface rental agreement for planned drill sites and communicate directly with Sir Manuel Esquivel and Board of Directors of the land owner. Furthermore, a local surveyor under contract with Treaty will complete the survey for our initial drill site this week." Mr. Reid went on to say, "Our stakeholders are reminded that we established Treaty Belize Energy, Ltd. in May 2011 and located our corporate office in Belize City. In addition, we also equipped a field operations office in Placencia, Stann Creek District, Belize, close to the drilling sites to be developed, which are a three-hour drive south of Belize City." Treaty Energy has had meetings with a number of community leaders in areas where the Company intends to drill and is pleased to report that these community leaders are uplifted and energized with our intent and in particular that Treaty will be providing employment opportunities for numerous local Belizeans.


text: Laurence Richardson 14,896pages on this wiki Add New Page Edit History Talk0 Share This article is not part of the Harry Potter universe. This article covers a subject that is part of the real world, and thus should not be taken as a part of the Harry Potter universe. Laurence Richardson played a wizard in Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows: Part 1.[1] External links Laurence Richardson at the Internet Movie Database Notes and references ↑ Internet Movie Database biography page This article about an actor or actress is a stub. You can help by expanding it. Retrieved from "http://harrypotter.wikia.com/wiki/Laurence_Richardson?oldid=934868" Categories: Out of universe Stubs Actors (real-world) Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows: Part 2 actors Languages: Polski


text:
Optimal CAD data for engineers
Provide engineers with maximum comfort and functionality during product development. With eCATALOGsolutions you make your product data available so engineers can embed these into their designs simple and easily.
Technology from the last century
3D CAD models of competitors solely provide mere geometry. To check the feasibility of a design, engineers need much more information.
CADENAS modern technology
CADENAS intelligent 3D CAD models offer plenty of important information far beyond the geometry of a part. Is it possible to tension the coin? What are the adjustments options?
CADENAS 3D model in the CAD system
By means of CADENAS intelligent 3D CAD models, engineers can check the functionality of selected parts directly in their CAD System.
CAD models with intelligent information
The geometry of a part alone is not enough for construction. With eCATALOGsolutions your Electronic Product Catalog contains CAD models
with intelligent functions that go beyond simple geometry.
This gives engineers the opportunity to test the path of motion already in the CAD system.
Necessity of Multi CAD on the example of various car manufacturers
A very comprehensive specification document of the respective car manufacturer regulates how the CAD data of supplier- and standard parts needs to be to use it for designing.
The CAD System CATIA is very common, however there are car manufacturers who rely on other CAD Systems like NX™. Automotive component manufacturers do not only have to provide their CAD data in various CATIA formats, but also prepare their data for other CAD Systems like NX.
The Electronic Product Catalog eCATALOGsolutions CADENAS supports i.a.:
BMW Group guideline for the design of supplier- and standard parts with CATIA V5
VW / AUDI specification document 21-38D 597822 design data supplier parts
Daimler Requirements 100412 AP2_W10
Other guidelines of various car manufacturers or automotive suppliers


text:
Looking for an all-round Road riding performer? The Osprey range is the perfect fit for those riders looking for a distance or fast, everyday use Road bike.
The Osprey offers the right balance between lightweight speed and a more upright, traditional Road riding posture to make it the ideal go-to bike for the regular rider who likes to fly.
2016 brings a sleeker look all round and a wider range of gears to bring you one of the best value road bikes in Australia. Combined with reliable, durable components and a light, stiff frameset – the 2016 Osprey Road Bikes tick all the boxes.
- Lightweight alloy frame with internal cabling and a carbon fork. This bike gives a slightly more upright, traditional road riding position well suited to distance and touring.
- The latest 16-speed Shimano Claris drivetrain is durable and reliable, with integrated gear and brake levers.
- Quando quick-release hubs with Alex double-wall alloy rims give you light, strong wheels.
Stepping up to the 2016 Reid Osprey will allow you to experience the speed and efficiency of a high-end road bike at a very affordable price. It's perfect for all-day epic rides, hill climbing, training rides or even criterium racing. Its rear rack and mudguard mounts mean that you can easily set it up as a fast commuter or tourer. It's also available in a flat bar version if that suits your style better.
The 6061 aluminium alloy frame comes in four sizes to give you a great fit. The frame is light, yet has excellent lateral stiffness for power in the sprints and the climbs. The carbon fibre fork provides a degree of vertical compliance to reduce road buzz while still giving precise handling.
The Alex double-walled aluminium alloy rims are light and strong. They're tough enough to suit an every day commuter, but light enough to enjoy long distance endurance rides or hill climbs. The Quando hubs are serviceable and adjustable for exceptional durability.
A 34/50 tooth crankset, combined with an 8 speed rear cluster, gives a wide, evenly spaced range of gears. Shimano Claris shifters and derailleurs give outstanding reliability and performance. The Tektro dual-pivot alloy caliper brakes provide great stopping power, excellent modulation and easy adjustment. Integrated brake and gear levers (Shimano STI) means that you can brake and change gears without moving your hands from the hoods of the Drop Bars. Sealed bearings in the bottom bracket and a threadless 1-1/8"" headset make for minimal maintenance.
The whole package has been chosen for maximum value, durability and performance.
Osprey Review
Durianrider reviews the Reid Osprey
May 2015
Durianrider, an elite vegan, ultra cyclist, marathoner and youtuber takes a Reid Osprey for a ride and compares it with the best!See full review >>
Article – Ride Across Oz
Riding 3500km from Perth to Melbourne on the Reid Osprey
May 2015
Follow the trail of our 3 intrepid adventurers as they ride one of the most challenging road routes in the world on the Reid Osprey.Read the blog here >>
Shop online or view the full range of bikes in store, built by our skilled mechanics and ready for a test ride!
|Frame Material
|6061 Aluminium Alloy
|Reid Carbon Fibre
|16-Speed Shimano Claris
|Lasco 34/50T Compact Crankset
|Shimano Claris STI
|Front Derailleur
|Shimano Claris
|Rear Derailleur
|Shimano Claris
|Tektro Dual-Pivot Caliper Brakes
|Brake Levers
|Shimano Claris STI
|Quando Quick Release Race
|Alex DA16 Double Wall Alloy
|Kenda 700 x 23c
|Shimano 8-speed Cassette (11-30t)
|Bottom Bracket
|VP Sealed Bearing
|Reid Alloy Race Bar
|Zoom Pro Alloy Race 1-1/8" A Head Threadless
|Reid Bar Tape
|Zoom Pro Alloy 27.2mm Micro Adjust
|VP Alloy Race
|Weight (kgs)
We continually work to improve our products so designs and specifications are subject to change. Please contact us to confirm if you have any questions.
Osprey Review
Durianrider reviews the Reid Osprey
May 2015
Durianrider, an elite vegan, ultra cyclist, marathoner and youtuber takes a Reid Osprey for a ride and compares it with the best!See full review >>
Article – Ride Across Oz
Riding 3500km from Perth to Melbourne on the Reid Osprey
May 2015
Follow the trail of our 3 intrepid adventurers as they ride one of the most challenging road routes in the world on the Reid Osprey.Read the blog here >>
Customer Reviews
- Fantastic Bike Review by Nikos S
Price Quality Value
- decent bike few issues Review by mark
Price Quality Value
Write Your Own Review
Size Guide
* If you're outside of the height range shown here, give us a call or pop in-store to talk about the best options.
Reid Cycles ships bikes, parts and accessories anywhere in Australia!
Free shipping of bikes is available to most metropolitan and some regional areas. We also combined shipping wherever possible to keep the price down. Once you have one or more items in your cart, view your cart, pop your postcode in and we'll give you the combined shipping price. We are currently unable to ship to overseas addresses, please contact our customer services team to enquire about distributors in your area.
We aim to keep the price as low as possible by shipping smaller items for free if they can be shipped with larger items. Helmets, shoes and parts most often ship for free with your new bike!
Remember that bikes are shipped boxed, and 85% assembled. The final assembly required includes the installation of the handlebars, front wheel, pedals and saddle, adjusting the brakes and tuning the gears. We recommend that the assembly is done by a qualified bike mechanic or other suitably qualified person. Damage caused by incorrect assembly (such as installing the pedals the wrong way around) is not covered by your warranty.
Orders for items that are currently in stock are usually despatched within 1 to 2 working days. You'll receive an email with tracking information once the order has been despatched. Certain periods of the year are seasonably busy, with much higher volumes than normal. At these times, we still aim to despatch within 1 to 2 days, but deliveries may take a little longer due to our couriers' workload.
It's always best to send to an address that always has someone in attendance, such as a business address. You may also want to give our courier an 'authority to leave' instruction, which is an instruction to say that there is a safe place leave to delivery, even if there is no one there to take delivery. Only give us an 'authority to leave' if you're confident that the delivery will be safe. Otherwise, the courier can leave a 'sorry we missed you' card, allowing you to arrange redelivery.
Please contact us if you have any questions.
In Store Collection in one of our stores is always free! Your bike comes fully assembly, adjusted and ready to go. You can order online for pickup in store. The store will receive your order, assemble your bike and give you a call when it's ready to collect! Whenever possible, we recommend collection in store. The bike will be fully assembled by an experienced Reid Cycles mechanic. Our staff will also be happy to help you make final adjustments, set saddle height and answer any other questions you might have!
Reid Cycles offers an industry-leading warranty on every Reid bike we sell.
For your peace of mind, we include:
A lifetime warranty on every frame we sell
A lifetime warranty on all rigid forks, including our carbon fibre range
A 2-year warranty on all suspension forks, Shimano components and Mavic Aksium wheelsets
A 12-month warranty on all other non-consumable components
We love our customers, so in the unlikely event of an issue, we want to resolve this to your satisfaction as quickly as possible.
For any warranty issues, please contact the store where you purchased the product. For online sales, you can contact the customer service team. Please find the relevant phone numbers and email addresses on our Contact Us page.
So we can help you as quickly as possible, we may ask you to pop an email to email@example.com with a description of the issue and some photos of the affected part.
For full warranty terms, please visit our Warranty Policy page


text:
NEED CESSPOOL or ANY PLUMBING WORK DONE? NO emergency fees! NO after hour fees! NO weekend fees!
FREE ESTIMATES!24HR SERVICE! Locally Owned and Operated with Honesty and Integrity. Experienced plumber for over 30 years! NO CRAZY OVER THE TOP PRICES!
Some of the Services Offered:
- Waterline replacement and repair - outdoor and indoor; mainline and interior branches - Sewer lines - Cesspool repair, pumping and replacement; Hydro Jetting - Drains - clogs, repairs, replaced or snaked - Leak Detection - accurate and precise - Disposals - repair/replacement - Pumps - residential and commercial; sewage pumps, sump pumps, laundry tub pump - Sump Pump Installation and Replacement - And More!
WE ELECTRICALLY SNAKE / CLEAN / REPAIR: Main Sewer Bathtub Vanity Sink Kitchen Sink Shower Stall Slop Sink Stack Line Washing Machine Line Toilet Urinal Storm Sewers Roof Drains Leader Drain Yard Drain Floor Drain Grease Separators SEWER LINE OR DRAIN PIPE STOPPAGE UNCLOGGED


text:
DLA Piper's 2014 European Acquisition Finance Debt Report has revealed that the market landscape is changing dramatically as a result of an increase in liquidity and the rapid influx of alternative sources of capital offering new products.
The report polled more than 250 debt providers, advisers, sponsors and corporates active in the European debt markets.
The outlook for the European acquisition finance debt market looks much healthier than 12 months ago, with 70 per cent of survey respondents expecting deal activity to increase this year, compared with 51 per cent of respondents to last year's survey.
Combined with the gradually improving liquidity among traditional lenders, sponsors now have access to a more diverse array of finance providers such as private debt funds, bond funds and institutional investors offering a range of different structures.
Private debt funds have had a profound impact on the European market, participating in more than 50 deals in 2013, a significant increase on 2012. Given the sheer volume of private debt funds raised and in the pipeline — more than 30 have either raised money or are in the process of doing so, according to fund managers interviewed for the survey — this trend is set to accelerate in 2014.
As a result, 71 per cent of this year's survey respondents expect their acquisition finance lending targets to increase in 2014. This is creating new challenges and opportunities for traditional lenders. However, according to bankers interviewed for the survey, the presence of alternative lenders is not a long-term given.
Almost one third of survey respondents (28 per cent) are expecting unitranche structures, which combine senior and subordinated debt, pricing and risk into one debt instrument, to be the most common non-bank acquisition finance debt structure in 2014. The appeal of unitranche is clear, offering higher leverage, larger hold sizes, low amortisation and greater flexibility. Yet it is not without its drawbacks — as interviewees revealed, there is some uncertainty in the sponsor community over how private debt funds will approach a business in distress.
As a result of the greater liquidity, margins and arrangement fees have reduced significantly in the past 12 months. In 2014, the increasingly competitive market environment is expected to lead to more aggression in pricing and leverage: 60 per cent of respondents expect senior debt arrangement fees to be less than four per cent this year, up from 11 per cent of respondents in 2013, with 23 per cent expecting leverage to be more than 4x, up from 16 per cent last year and one per cent in 2012.


text:
Ash - Capture.Mature
I know the king wanted the dragon to eat the peasant, but then again, he also wanted to marry peanut butter. I know this will go badly. If Abyss is involved then if will definitley go wrong. I can only hope it will go fine.
The peasant looked fearful about being infront of the dragon, but for some reason, she seemed confident, as-if she was used to it? I try to read her mind....
Oh god. She wants to tame it?!
Wait.....that's not a bad idea...! I lean over and whisper to the king, "Sire, I have an idea. We should get her to tame it!" Maybe I could be involved in taming it....I mean, she will probably need my magic. This could go well after all.


text: feeling worried or unhappy about a particular situation, especially because you think that something bad or unpleasant may happen or because you are not sure that what you are doing is right an uneasy laugh His presence made her feel uneasy. She had an uneasy feeling that something terrible was going to happen. uneasy about something He was beginning to feel distinctly uneasy about their visit. uneasy about doing something She felt uneasy about leaving the children with them.


text:
October 21st & 22nd, 2017
BMO Centre, Stampede Park
Saturday 10:00am to 6:00pm
Sunday 11:00am to 5:00pm
- Adults $14
2-Day Pass $20
- Seniors 65+/Students (13-17) $12
2-Day Pass $15
Children 12 & Under FREE
Spring Charity Of Choice
- BC & Alberta Guide Dogs provides professionally trained Guide Dogs for blind or visually impaired individuals and Autism Support Dogs for children, ages 3 - 10, with moderate to profound autism and their families. It takes up to 2 years and costs our non-profit organization up to $35,000 to produce each service dog. We rely on the generosity of donors in order to provide these dogs free of charge to families.
Official cleaner of choice!
- Weekends were not made for housework! Serving Calgary since 1998, Gizella's specializes in providing the highest quality professional house cleaning services. Focused on building lasting relationships with clients and delivering services with professionally trained staff.


text:
Purple Tinted Prints Photographer
About MeI am a Denton-based cosplayer who has been involved in this rapidly-growing community for 5 years. I have a passion for sewing and creating, and all my costumes are hand-patterned and hand-made by me down to the last detail! I am a huge fan of cosplay photography and being able to model, and emulate the characters I love. My purpose for joining Model Mayhem to continue to network with other cosplay photographers and to also expand upon my experience in modeling outside of cosplay. The only real 'style' I have modeled with is cosplay, but I'm really wanting to move out of that field and into something new! You can contact me through my facebook, or model mayhem of course.
Have you worked with Heather Hodges? Add Credits for Heather Hodges! >>
Purple Tinted Prints Photographer
Miss Fox photography Photographer
LivingMuse Photography Photographer
Pocket Watch Photographer
Michael C Foster Photographer
Clang Photographer
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text:
Current versions:
Desktop restore is a free program with which you can secure the screen settings.
Now you can secure comfortably and without problems permanently the look of your desktop. The placement of your icons is stored and can be returned for shifts immediately to their original state. The new version of desktop restore 1.6.3 offers clear opportunities.
If you you've resented even already often enough, that move the icons on your desktop as soon as you make changes to the resolution, you can breathe now. You get a software that just saves the position of your icons, as you put it on on the desktop with desktop restore. While the program basically as a shell extension installs itself. The context menu that opens when you do a right click, includes three new features that provides software desktop restore you. You can choose between save, restore, and custom. Thus you have the possibility to create different profiles at the same time now with desktop restore.
Now the applications for the Windows Vista operating system have been incorporated in the new version of desktop restore. You also have the possibility to save the Save and restore functions as external file, for example on a USB stick. Especially if you need to frequently change the graphical resolution of your desktop display for example at various games, desktop restore is a very useful software. Minor bugs that still existed in previous versions for 1.5.4 and 1.5.6, were now thoroughly eliminated. Desktop restore download file is zipped and standing in English available. You can use desktop restore the Windows operating systems Windows 2000, Windows XP, Windows 7, and in this new version for Windows Vista. Simply click on the download button. After unpacking, you simply follow the installation instructions on your screen. To English basic knowledge would be very helpful.
The new version of desktop restore can be used both in the 32-bit and the 64-bit version on Windows Vista now. After installing desktop restore, you will find three new functions in the context menu, which opens with a click with the right mouse button on the screen. Save and restore with custom you can have now different profiles at the same time. Also offers the new version of desktop restore, you can also save the placement of your icons.
The new features of desktop restore
• 32-Bit and the 64-bit version now also works on Windows Vista
• Three new functions in the context menu for the desktop experience
• External storage possible
• Different profiles at the same time possible


text:
EIDOLON Makes The Masters
We've never gone out and pursued tour players to play our wedges, because typically you have to take a big checkbook with you. But surprises are always out there.
Turns out that several tour players have been introduced to EIDOLON technology by a mini-tour player that is drinking our Kool-Aid in a big way. Scott has been showing our wedges to everyone he meets and has some pretty big names working with them.
Well, one of them has had them in the bag for the past two weeks and he's in the Masters field this week, so we've officially cracked the big time. Of course, we can't mention his name because he's under contract to a major brand, but he ditched their wedges for ours for the biggest tournament of the year, so what does that tell you?
We thought it would be fun to create a sweepstakes around this milestone in our growth, so here's the deal:
Click on the "Ask Terry" button below and send us your guess as to who our "Mystery Pro" might be. We'll put your name in the hat for a drawing for a set of custom built EIDOLON wedges just for entering, and if anyone guesses the right player, we'll build you a set, too! [If there are more than one winners, we'll draw for the set of wedges and give all you others a serious discount on a purchase, OK?]
So, guess away, guys. You might want to pay careful attention to the telecast to see if you can pick up the wedge on camera. And if you do, please let us know you saw it, OK?
The Wedge Guy is sponsored by SCOR Golf, where Terry Koehler is President/CEO. He encourages you to submit your questions or topics to be considered for his columns on Tuesdays and Fridays. Each submission automatically enters you to win a SCOR4161 wedge to be given away monthly. Click the button below to submit your question or topic today.
[ comments ]
Kickntrue says:
Congrats Terry!!!!! Very Very Cool! I'm going to play a round this afternoon and it feels pretty cool to know I'm using the same wedges as a Tour Player today at The Masters.
DeepRough says:
That's awesome Terry, Congrats!
iluv5pam says:
word up terry. word up.
Eddy Whitaker says:
when is the deadline to guess?
SingleDigits says:
Kenny Perry.
haymorej says:
Jim Furyk
wedgeguy says:
OK, oobers. Our guy made the cut so he's still in there. Who still thinks this one will turn out being the Tiger/Phil shootout everyone was hoping for?
mjaber says:
I'd rather see a Phil/AK shootout...
falcon50driver says:
Phil,Rory,and AK in the final group would be fun to watch.
kidputter says:
I'm still pulling for the old guys
kidputter says:
My guess for the Eidelon guy is Todd Hamilton.
hondolane says:
John MERRICK plays em. GO FURYK!!!!!
speedlover1994 says:
That's really cool, congrats. I'm just ordering my first Eidolon wedge as I type this!
PeteyD says:
iluv5pam says:
ross fisher?
Morris Lee says:
justin leonard or chad campbell?
TJW says:
Albatross says:
The correct answer is Rory Sabbitini, the biggest complainer on Tour about slow play.
Kickntrue says:
oobgolf.com/content/the+wedge+guy/5-2607-EIDOLON Can't be Rory Sabbitini.
[ post comment ]
SCOR Golf- The Short Game Company.
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Improving Public Sector Budgets in Practice, European Seminar, 18th – 19th February 2013, Berlin
Strategic Planning, Programme Budgeting, Performance Measurement
At the same time the new approach more often than not breaks away from the usual patterns – the responsible experts have to face the new challenge of implementation of innovative methods and techniques or preparation of programme strategies, objectives and indicators. At the same time they are in charge to give explanation to other administration units why and how they should deal with the performance based reorientation and the new design of public expenditure management. The confrontation with the new approach based on outcome requires both: deep knowledge of procedures, regulations and implementation methods as well as profound communication and management skills.
At this seminar you will learn from our European experts from the:
· General Finance Inspectorate, Luxembourg
· Danish Agency for Governmental Management, Ministry of Finance, Denmark
· State General Accounting Office, Ministry of Economy and Finance, Italy
· Directorate for Budget and Financial Services, European Parliament
· Programming and Evaluation Support Unit, Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE)
how to:
· define strategic objectives and what characteristics should each objective have
· define the most suitable performance indicators and performance criteria
· to guarantee the usefulness of indicators
· to ensure objective-based steering and management
· to deal with practical aspects and challenges in the work of performance auditors
· to define and select the most relevant performance audit topics
· to plan, prepare and organise budget improvements
All details about the speakers, the programme as well as the registration formalities are available in the Improving Public Sector Budgets in Practice seminar brochure: http://www.euroakad.eu/
About the European Academy for Taxes, Economics & Law Berlin
The European Academy for Taxes, Economics & Law is an educational network for knowledge regarding the latest, relevant developments in Europe. Educational tools are specialised events for advanced learning and these vary from national and European seminars to workshops, panel discussions, in-house training, conferences and symposiums. These events provide the most current and relevant information with high practical relevance for authorities on the European, national, regional and local level and for private companies all across Europe.
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Terrific remodeled 5 bedroom home in nice quiet community. New kitchen with Shrock cabinets, totally insulated with R15 walls & R31 ceilings for complete efficiency top to bottom, updated wiring, fold out double pane energy efficient windows, Vitner's Reserve dream home updated flooring throughout, plus other updates too numerous to mention. This is a lot of home for the money! Small town living close to all amenities. Square footage believed to be accurate, but not warranted.


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The ECOrerport reposts analysis of the damages caused by climate change, extreme weather cost US Communities $53 billion in 2016
Originally Published on Center for American Progress
By Miranda Peterson and Cathleen Kelly
Extreme weather and climate disasters caused a staggering 297 deaths and $53.5 billion in economic damage in the United States in 2016. Of these disasters, 15 cost at least $1 billion and together triggered $49.1 billion in damage across 38 states. Center for American Progress analysis found that the economic toll of the 15 most destructive extreme weather events in 2016 was more than double the cost of similarly catastrophic events in 2015, which totaled $21.5 billion. Damage costs due to these severe weather, flood, wildfire, and drought events include insured and uninsured losses tied to damaged homes, businesses, buildings, cars, energy and transportation infrastructure, and agricultural assets. These damage costs, however, underestimate the total economic consequences of extreme weather: They do not take into account the destruction of natural assets—such as wetlands and parks—health care costs, and the economic impact tied to loss of life.
Continue reading Extreme Weather Cost US Communities $53 Billion In 2016


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Significant Events
- Feb 5 1st Charlie Chaplin talkie, "Modern Times," released
- Apr 28 1st commercial flight across Pacific operated by Pan Am
- May 3 Margaret Mitchell wins Pulitzer Prize for "Gone With the Wind"
- Jul 7 Japanese & Chinese troops clash at the Marco Polo Bridge, beginning of Second Sino-Japanese War
- Jul 31 Politburo enables Operative Order 00447: execute 193,000 Russians
- Aug 2 Marihuana Tax Act of 1937 is passed in America, essentially rendering marijuana and all its by-products illegal
- Aug 13 Second Sino-Japanese War: Japanese forces begin the Battle of Shanghai, a conflict that will last 3 months and involve 1 million troops
- Nov 5 Adolf Hitler informs his military leaders in a secret meeting of his intentions of going to war
Did You Know?
Sir Frank Whittle ground-tests the first jet engine designed to power an aircraft at Rugby, England.
On April 12, 1937
World Leaders in 1937
- Adolf Hitler
Dictator of Nazi Germany
- Franklin D. Roosevelt
32nd US President
- Joseph Stalin
Soviet General Secretary
Famous People in 1937
- Chiang Kai-shek
Time Person
of the Year
- Luise Rainer
Oscar for Best Actress
- Spencer Tracy
Oscar for Best Actor
Famous Weddings
- Jan 2 Theoretical Physicist Paul Dirac (34) weds Margit Wigner
- Jan 27 Musician Nat King Cole (17) weds dancer Nadine Robinson in Ypsilanti, Michigan
- Feb 18 Actress Mary Astor (30) weds film editor Manuel del Campo (23) in Yuma, Arizona
- Mar 2 Film director D. W. Griffith (61) weds actress Evelyn Baldwin (26)
- Apr 30 General Douglas MacArthur (57) marries 2nd wife Jean Faircloth
Famous Divorces
- Sep 28 Martha Raye divorces Bud Westmore
- Dec 9 Writer Walter Lippmann (48) divorces first wife Faye Albertson after 20 years of marriage


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Reclaiming America #9Mature
Word Count: 537
Military camps were slowly failing. One by one, they started to fall apart at the seams. An infection would break out. Food supplies would run dry and anarchy over unfair rules would rip their fragile society apart.
Soldiers and civilians alike that managed to escape the descending chaos left the area together. They knew of a few camps that were holding it together better than most.
Camps that had comprised of thousands were decimated in the space of a few awful hours. The largest camp anyone knew of now, existed in Wyoming. Tents covered acres of farmland like an ugly, multicolored rash.
There were a few that had assumed the roles of leaders and together worked to keep their three hundred or so survivors together and living in relative peace. They had devised a way to keep everyone busy and make use of every able pair of hands they had. Those that knew how planted crops and taught some that didn't already know. Others made repairs to the massive farm house, or taught people how to wire and plumb and build. Skills were shared between them all, until they had a work force strong enough to hold the camp together. It distracted them from the dangers that lurked just beyond their lines of sight, and lifted spirits.
After three weeks of lurching from one disaster to another, this camp has finally found its feet, and was ready to take on the derelict town of Riverton. Though people were happy to be working and attempting to live life as normal, living life under some canvas was neither comfortable nor comforting. People were restless. They felt vulnerable and the complaints about it were rising in number.
So, three weeks after the outbreak began, military and civilian forces left the relative safety of the farm and headed into the town.
It took a day to clear the main streets and enough buildings for them to rest in for a night. The second day was spent establishing a perimeter around an area big enough to house and provide for over three hundred people, plus whatever new arrivals might turn up.
By the time Robby arrived, they had cleared one block.
When Harley got there, they had three blocks under their belts and were well on their way to reclaiming a fourth.
"This is impressive," Harley breathed, stepping through the crudely thrown together gates. The streets had been cleaned and the area almost looked like it was untouched. If it weren't for the walls they'd built to keep the zombies out, he might have thought he was walking through something that only existed in his dreams.
"You'll be expected to pull your weight around here and help out," the soldier escorting him through the streets to the cleanest free building he knew of. "If you intend to stay, anyway."
"Of course," Harley nodded.
"I'll go let them know you're here," the soldier nodded once and left Harley stood by the building he was to stay in. Curious faces looked at him, their gazes unsettling him a little. He guessed they hadn't seen a new face in a while and did his best to ignore it as he let himself into the building.


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Moderately easy | Serves 10
© BBC Good Food
500g pack white bread mix
2 heaped tsp mixed spice
50g butter, chopped
50g golden caster sugar
50g mixed peel
85g currants
100ml milk
1 large egg
3 tbsp plain flour
golden syrup, for brushing
1. Heat oven to 220C/fan 200C/gas 7. Tip the bread mix into a bowl and stir in spice and sugar. Rub in the butter with your fingertips. Stir in the peel and currants.
2. Pour 100ml water onto the milk, then beat in the egg and pour into the dried ingredients. Mix to a very moist dough (the wetter the better). Leave for five minutes then cut into 10 equal pieces and roughly shape into buns with oiled hands (this helps to stop the mixture sticking too much). Even though the mixture is very moist, try not to use extra flour as it will toughen the dough.
3. Space the buns apart on two greased baking sheets, cover loosely with cling film, then leave in a warm room until about half again in size. This will take anything from 45 minutes to an hour and 15 minutes, depending on how warm and moist the environment is.
4. When the buns are risen, make the crosses. Mix the flour with 2.5 tbsp water to make a paste. Pour into a plastic food bag and make a tiny nick in one of the corners. Pipe crosses on each bun. Bake for 12 to 15 minutes until risen and golden. Trim the excess cross mixture and brush with golden syrup. They will keep fresh for a day, and after that are best toasted.
Per serving
298 calories, protein 9g, carbohydrate 54g, fat 7 g, saturated fat 3g, fibre 2g, salt 1.07g
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Hi, Sam. You play, er, Sam in True Blood. Are you rubbish at remembering names or something?
I'm horrible at remembering names, embarrassingly bad. I've already forgotten your name (1). Touché!
You own Merlotte's Bar And Grill. If Jason Stackhouse took over, would he rebrand it Stackhouse's Snackhouse?
Stackhouse's Snackhouse! If Jason took over my restaurant it would a disaster. People would just order take-out pizza and beer.
You can shapeshift, usually into a dog. Who would be most fun: Marmaduke, Lassie, Scooby-Doo or Snoopy?
I'd have to go with Scooby because he solves mysteries haphazardly and gets to hang out with Daphne. She's the really pretty one, right?
Is there much to think about when you're a dog other than "I'm hungry"; "I need a crap"; and "I wonder what my testicles taste like?"
It's like all that at once. Also, "What does that other dog's butt smell like?" That's the big one.
True Blood is set in Bon Temps (2). Why is everyone's French accent so rubbish?
[Bemused] Really?
Well, apart from the [SPOILER ALERT!] new English vampire. Is he a baddy cos, you know, the English always play baddies?
Yeah, he does play a kind of … it'll be a spoiler, though. Do you want me to tell you?
It's OK. We'll put "spoiler alert" in big letters.
[SPOILER ALERT!] He's horrible. He's English, what did you expect? I love him. James Frain (3) (4) (5) (6) is a fantastic actor.
When he's sucking neck, does he stick his little finger out like one should?
He is a bit dainty for Bon Temps. He needs his biscuits. Biscuits are these puffy things that you put gravy on. He wants a cookie.
Season one gave us vampires. Season two, zombies. Season three, it's [SPOILER ALERT!] werewolves, [MASSIVE SPOILER ALERT!] werecats and fairies. What's next? Bigfoot and Santa?
[FAKE SPOILER ALERT!] Next season we'll be travelling to Ireland (7) to find the Loch Ness monster.
At the True Blood Christmas party, what's the door policy? Personal invite in on the door only?
Ha! I think Sam would leave all the vampires standing outside. He doesn't like vampires that much.
True Blood is mostly filmed at night so if, like me, you try to watch during the day, you have to nail the curtains closed. Why don't you turn the brightness up a bit?
Or go somewhere sunnier? [FAKE SPOILER ALERT!] True Blood goes to Hawaii, that's what we're going to work on for the next season.
Vampires neck human blood to survive. Humans drink vampire blood (8) to get high. [SPOILER ALERT!] Werewolves use V to gain powers and vampires feast on werewolves. Wouldn't it be simpler if everyone stuck to Dr Pepper?
Dr Pepper has way more flavours. It's funny you should say that because Dr Pepper is what I drink on set. So it would be easier.
Thanks, Sam. You were in Alien Vs Predator: Requiem. Alien vs Predator vs Vampire vs [SPOILER ALERT!] Werewolf vs Shapeshifter vs Mike Tyson. Who'd win?
Alien, always. Getting killed by an alien was the high point of my career.
True Blood, Friday, 10pm, FX
1 It's … oh, never mind
2 Bon Temps, Louisiana
3 Franklin Mott
4 Played Audrey Raines's husband in 24, Day 4
5 Except not for long, Jack lets him die
6 Erm [spoiler alert!]
7 Well, even monsters need holidays
8 V. Just say no, kids


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Rockin' Randy's Music Service. Randy Pesklewis. Rockin' the Okanagan. COMPACT disc DIGITAL AUDIO. Dance Music for Weddings. Anniversaries, Parties, Banquets. EXTENSIVE MUSIC LIBRARY (TOP 40, CLASSIC ROCK, OLDIES, COUNTRY, SWING & MORE). EXPERIENCED DJ'S. PROFESSIONAL SOUND & LIGHT SYSTEM TO SUIT BUDGET. Selection & Experience Count! FREEE CONSULTATION. COMPETITIVE RATES. REFERENCES GLADLY PROVIDED.; Disk jockey service, stage/concert lighting, sound/P.A. rentals, event production, staging, multimedia, intelligent lighting, lasers/lighting FX, fog/bubble machines, glowsticks/wristbands, pyrotechnics, confetti, parties for all occasions, wedding decorations, banquets, special effects; dance music for weddings, anniversaries, parties, banquets
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EVEN IN the face of extreme provocation, doctors and dentists are warned today that they must never slap their patients.
While reports of patients attacking doctors have been increasing - some doctors take large dogs on night calls - assaults on patients by doctors are less common.
Three cases in the Journal of the Medical Defence Union show how momentary loss of temper resulted in professionals answering charges of assault.
A GP was found in breach of his terms of service after a social worker reported him for slapping a patient across the cheek. The woman had torn up forms for her admittance to a psychiatric hospital and then threw a cup of tea over the GP.
The Journal says: 'As the tea was hot he stood up and quickly slapped her across the right cheek with the back of his hand. She stumbled and fell on the floor. The social worker protested.'
The other two cases involved dentists. In the first a dentist slapped a six-year-old girl out of frustration. In earlier visits she had refused to open her mouth. He apologised to the girl's parents who were not in the surgery at the time but he was reported to the police and was cautioned.
In the second a dentist faced a damages claim for assault and battery from parents after he slapped their two-year-old son who bit his finger. Again there had been earlier problems in treating the child. This time the parents witnessed the assault.
The Journal says: 'To strike a patient not only causes the the clinician/patient relationship to break down, perhaps irretrievably, but it could also lead to disciplinary action and possibly a court appearance.'
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Knit wits find inspiration at headquarters
Hong Kong has been hit by a serious wool shortage this month as the SAR knits for charity.
Organised by the Social Welfare Department, the event - Volunteer Chain Across Borders - aims to have 13,000 scarves knitted by December 16 in time for the finale of the International Year of Volunteers 2001.
Our yarn started after an estimated 40 Pacific Century CyberWorks staff were spotted in the conference room on the 10th floor of the the telecoms company's headquarters surrounded by balls of wool and the loud clickety-clack of knitting needles.
A spokesman said the company had organised a two-hour knitting lesson on Monday evening for staff who wanted to contribute to the charity event but didn't know how to knit.
And yes, Lai See did ask and no, CyberWorks chief Richard Li Tzar-kai was not at the lesson.
We then called the Social Welfare Department, which promptly overwhelmed us with knitting-for-charity information.
More than 7,400 volunteers from 190 schools, businesses and community organisations throughout the SAR are taking part in the knitting marathon.
The scarves - to be knitted in two sizes (long and short) - can come in any colour.
The long scarves - measuring 121.9 centimetres by 25.4 cm - will be distributed in Northwest China and to other deprived areas throughout the world where a scarf could come in handy.
The short scarves - measuring 66 cm by 16.5 cm - will be distributed in Hong Kong to the underprivileged old and young.
The event will be brought to a triumphant close on December 16 at the Tamar Site in Central when, as representatives of the International Red Cross, the Chief Executive's wife, Betty Tung Chiu Hung-ping, and Princess Alexandra of Denmark will chat about knitting via a video link-up courtesy of CyberWorks.
It has yet to be confirmed if the Princess - formerly Alexandra Manley of Discovery Bay - will be donning a tiara for the show or if Mrs Tung will be kitted-out in official SAR woolley scarf.
Innovative leak: The Government may have been using Secretary for Commerce and Industry Chau Tak-hay as an official leak yesterday.
Mr Chau was speaking at the 12th World Productivity Congress on how innovation is widely recognised as an important means to maintain growth and stay competitive.
In a speech available through the Government Information Service Web site, Mr Chau said there were numerous academic definitions and interpretations of innovation.
'In Hong Kong, the former Chief Executive's Commission on Innovation and Technology headed by Professor Tien Chang-lin relates innovation to include both improved technology and better methods of doing things,' Mr Chau said.
Former chief executive?
Witty delivery: Mr Dai won't be getting his CyberWorks Interim Report 2001 this year.
Not because he has moved out of his Mid-Levels flat but because Mr Dai is no longer with us.
The new tenant received the report addressed to; 'Mr Dai - Deceased'.
Unfortunately, Mr Dai left no forwarding address so the tenant sent the letter back with a note - Return to Sender: No longer on this planet.
Perfect picture: The Hong Kong Tourist Board is enticing French travellers to the SAR with a picture of a man dressed in an orange tablecloth standing in the middle of the road.
The picture - in Figaro Magazine - features a Buddhist monk stood on the tram tracks at the junction of Des Voeux Road and Pedder Street.
Wouldn't the famous skyline or beautiful country parks be more appropriate? We guess it must be some kind of play on tradition and modernity.
So we've despatched a photographer to get a shot of someone hacking up a good lung-full and unleashing it into a dust-bin on the Mass Transit Railway.
Graphic: whee07gbz
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Petit Bateau
Boys Blue Milleraies Stripe Cotton Boxer Shorts
Petit Bateau boys soft cotton jersey boxer shorts in classic blue Milleraies stripes with a stamp logo print on the left leg. The boxer shorts havean elasticated cotton covered waistband, great for children with sensitive skin.
- Product number 42684
- Small fitting
- 100% oekotex cotton
- Machine wash at 40*C
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