text: Bilingual Teaching Cohort HISD and UST Program Date: 04/13/2014 Presenter: Denise Hooker-Ware Sr. Mgr. Recruitment & Selection, Talent Acquisition A Promising Partnership HISD is partnering with University of St. Thomas to launch the HISD Bilingual Teaching Cohort program. 2 Program Overview • Full Program Components Include: – Complete 3 semesters coursework (Summer 2015- Spring 2016) – Participate in Saturday test preparation sessions to prepare for exams – Complete 30 hours of pre-service training (Summer 2015) – Take and pass appropriate exams to become bilingual certified • • • • EC-6 Generalist exam (Required to be eligible to teach in August 2015) Bilingual Supplemental exam BTLPT certification exam PPR exam – Interview with principals to secure teaching positions (not guaranteed) 3 Program Overview • 3 Semester coursework consists of 15-hours Summer 2015: July 6th – July 24th • Theories of Language Acquisition (3 hours) Fall 2015: August 24th - December 7th • Instructional Strategies in Bilingual Dual Language (3 hours) • Dual Language Methodology (3 hours) Spring 2016: January 19th - May 7th • Teaching the Spanish Language Arts / Bi-literacy Strategies (other languages) (3 hours) • Exceptionality (3 hours) 4 Eligibility Requirements • Bilingual Teaching Cohort Participants Must: – Must be an HISD employee – Must have a 4-year degree with an overall 3.0 GPA (or 3.0 in the last 60 college hours) – Demonstrate proficiency in a second language (Spanish preferred) – Complete a language proficiency assessment and structured, inperson interview – Employee must commit to teaching bilingual education as teacher of record on a TIF 3 or TIF 4 campus (see attachment) – Employee must commit to teaching for 3 years minimum upon graduation from the program 5 Program Participants • Participant Benefit: – HISD will pay for coursework tuition and general program materials – Program stipend will be awarded in the amount of $3000 • contingent on successful completion of program milestones – Graduate coursework will count towards full Master's of Education degree with University of St. Thomas (if pursued on voluntary basis)* *Courses taken through UST / HISD partnership could lead to a Master´s of Education degree in Dual Language, with a completion of 21 additional hours (7 courses) at the candidate's expense • Participant Agreement: – Candidate must sign a participant agreement – Candidate must work to secure a bilingual teaching position at a designated TIF 3/ TIF 4 campus 6 Application and Selection Process • Deadline April 26, 2015 • Step 1: – Complete AppliTrack application – Upload all official transcript(s) of all college / university level studies* – Complete a 250 word essay expressing passion for teaching bilingual students. *(Official, sealed copies are required for the university contingent on acceptance into a cohort.) If candidate meets the minimum application requirements • Step 2: – Complete a language proficiency assessment • Step 3: – Complete a structured in-person interview 20 -25 final cohort participants will be selected 7 Key Dates for Summer Requirements • Attend four (4) EC-6 Generalist certification exam prep sessions on Saturdays – – – – May 9th May 16th May 30th June 6th • Summer Observation Hours – Dates during summer school • Take EC-6 Generalist certification exam – June 7th – 24th 8 Teaching in 2015-2016 School Year • In order to be eligible to teach in a designated classroom as a bilingual teacher of record, the following must be completed: – – – – – Complete 30 hours of pre-service training Summer 2015 Participate in four (4) EC-6 Generalist certification prep sessions Pass EC-6 Generalist Certification Exam Apply for Probationary Certificate Apply online to bilingual teaching positions at any of the designated TIF campuses 9 Mentorship and Induction • A series of supports will be provided throughout the program cohort experience including: – – – – – Mentorship begins during Summer Coursework New Teacher Academy – 1st week in August Multilingual Support and Resources - ongoing Key Teacher (Bilingual) - ongoing Campus Mentor - ongoing 10 Questions 11 Thank you Date: 00/00/2014 Presenter: First and last name Title


text:
'Mongrel mashie' still top dog for hickory holdouts
By Paul Ingrassia
EPSOM, England (Reuters) - Before titanium, before graphite, before composites and before steel, golf clubs had shafts of wood, ideally hickory. That era ended 80 years ago for most golfers.
But it lives on today among a coterie of enthusiasts who revel in their anachronism, spurning modern clubs that promise maximum "moment of inertia," minimum "cross-sectional deformation," and other attributes from that twilight zone between technology and marketing.
"Some people think steel shafts will catch on, but I don't want to rush into it," says Philip Truett, president of the British Golf Collectors Society. Many golfers felt likewise a century ago, when steel shafts first appeared, painted brown to look like wood.
But by the mid-1930s, steel had vanquished wood, except among hardcore holdouts.
Truett only plays with hickory-shaft clubs. That is extreme, even among hickory golfers.
Most have modern clubs with steel or graphite shafts for regular rounds. They reserve their wooden shafts for special events.
Among them: the annual Scottish Hickory Championship, the Transylvanian Hickory Open in Romania, the Open de France Hickory and a biennial America v Europe event known, reverently, as the Hickory Grail.
The next one is in October at Baltusrol Golf Club in New Jersey, which has hosted several professional major tournaments (played with modern clubs). Continued...

subset: commoncrawl


text:
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text:
Let the games begin . . .Mature
I opened my notebook.
Picking up the pen that sat at the edge of my desk, I jotted down the day's date.
I stared at it for a moment, wondering how long it would take me to close this case. Some cases took months, years even . . . but it rarely took me that long. Typically, I'd close a case within a span of a month, maybe two. That was because I was a hard worker. I had a tunnel-vision-like mindset whenever I took on a homicide, a determination to catch the criminal and put them behind bars, no matter the cost.
This case would be no different. I would catch the killer, regardless of the gender, the race, the religion . . . I would never let a bias get in the way of my work.
All that mattered was this:
There was a criminal out there, thinking they were going to get away with murder.
I had other plans.
We would be like a cat and a mouse, me being the former, for many hours, for many weeks . . . but in the end, I would catch them, I had to. The criminal would try very hard to escape, to play games with me, to stay out of my grasp.
I welcomed the challenge.
And as I stood, straightened my coat, and headed for the door, I muttered only a few words:
"Let the games begin."


text:
National Pride: War Minus the Shooting
- First Online:
- Accepted:
DOI: 10.1007/s11205-011-9801-1
- Cite this article as:
- Kavetsos, G. Soc Indic Res (2012) 106: 173. doi:10.1007/s11205-011-9801-1
- Citations
- 459 Downloads
This study focuses on the determinants of self-reported measures of national pride. Using pooled cross-sectional data for European countries obtained from the Eurobarometer, it is estimated that pride is not correlated with GDP per capita nor with household income levels. Using the 2000 UEFA European Championship as a natural experiment, it is estimated that individuals from both host and winning nations report, on average, higher levels of national pride in the period immediately following the event, supporting theoretical arguments of a "feel-good" factor associated with sports events. Accounting for performance relative to expectations produces results along the same lines.
KeywordsNational pride Life satisfaction Well-being Sports events Soccer
Copyright information
© Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2011


text:
Lost: Author
Message recorded at 4:52 pm, November 19th
*muted conversation*
What? Oh, it's recording now.
*throat clearing noises*
Yes, we... er, I would like to post a reward for the return of our... um, my author.
Would you let me speak please?
Weee... err... were... were you to come across her I would be very appreciative. I don't have much to offer as a reward since I just started... er, was about to start a new job.
What? I'm not going to offer a story as a reward, stop talking nonsense.
Anyway, I'm very concerned about her well-being, I haven't heard from her in over a month and that's just not like her. Perhaps she has just gotten busy with another, more interesting story. With characters who aren't utterly hopeless. And stupid.
I am not being a big baby, shut up.
So, yeah... I don't really have a proper description of her. She answers to Noble and Tasha and Tricia and 'Hey you with all the talent' and some other names too.
If you find her please send her back our... um, my way. Thank you.
Rob and Pad... just Rob.
Transcribed by L. Barry Card


text:
Battery Sense
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Resort Hills Toyohama Hotel is located in Toba, a beautiful city. Enjoy a pleasant stay here with a blast of different types of food. It has Marvelous panorama view of the beautiful sea can be observed from the bath, and the reserved open-air bath and one day hot spring tour are also enjoyed. It of...
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text:
207 Cedar Street N, Onamia, MN 56359
About the Listing
Comfortable 3 bd 1 ba home(upper level den could easily be made in to 4th Bedroom) Super convenient location, walking distance to downtown, parks, and hospital. Possibility of no money down financing. 2 main floor bedrooms and 1 large bedroom upstairs. Coved ceilings and archways, original woodwork. All appliances stay. Don't miss out on this great value! Why Rent, when you can own?
Share Listing
Property Details for 207 Cedar Street N, Onamia, MN 56359
Bedrooms: 3
Bathrooms: 1 Full
Lot Size: 0.19 Acres
Lot Dimensions: 62.5 x 130
Year Built: 1940
Garage Dimensions: 1 car
Garage: Detached Garage, Driveway - Gravel
Style: (SF) One 1/2 Stories
Water: City Water/Connected
Sewer: City Sewer/Connected
Square Feet: 1470
Above Ground Sq Ft: 1470
Room Information for 207 Cedar Street N, Onamia, MN 56359
Dining Room Description: Eat In Kitchen, Kitchen/Dining Room
School Information for 207 Cedar Street N, Onamia, MN 56359
School District: Onamia
School District Phone: 320-532-4174
Interior Features for 207 Cedar Street N, Onamia, MN 56359
Appliances: Range, Exhaust Fan/Hood, Refrigerator, Washer, Dryer, Water Softener - Owned
Air Cond: Central
Heating: Baseboard, Hot Water
Fireplaces: No
Basement: Full, Sump Pump, Day/Lookout Windows
Exterior Features for 207 Cedar Street N, Onamia, MN 56359
Lot Description: Tree Coverage - Light
Lot Dimensions: 62.5 x 130
Roof: Asphalt Shingles, Pitched
Zoning: Residential-Single
Financial Considerations for 207 Cedar Street N, Onamia, MN 56359
Tax Amount: $690
Taxes w/Assessments: $690
Tax/Property ID: 220410310
Tax Year: 2015
Monthly Payment = $0
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The data relating to real estate for sale on this web site comes in part from the Broker Reciprocity Program of the Regional Multiple Listing Service of Minnesota, Inc. Real estate listings held by brokerage firms other than the owner of this website are marked with the Broker Reciprocity logo or the Broker Reciprocity thumbnail logo and detailed information about them includes the name of the listing brokers.


text:
Spyder Knockout Girls Ski Jacket (Previous Season) - $74.96
Spyder Knockout Girls Ski Jacket (Previous Season) - One of Spyder's best-sellers in the Vision series for girls, the Knockout Ski Jacket is packed full of style and features to keep your daughter looking good and feeling good whether on the slopes or heading off to school. It offers new construction which makes mobility easier and is very breathable. The waterproof rating is at 10k which, along with Spylon+ DWR, prevents moisture from seeping in. Equipped with ThermaWeb Insulation, your little girl will stay very warm and cozy as the insulation traps the body heat inside the jacket. There are plenty of pockets throughout for storing things like lip balm or an additional hat. With eye-popping colors and fun new designs, the Spyder Knockout Ski Jacket is perfect for any young skier who wants to show her personality and skills on the mountain. Features: Drawcord adjustable hem that finishes in hand pockets. Exterior Material: Stretch Polyester Plain Weave Xt.L and Spylon+ DWR, Insulation Weight: ThermaWeb (140g), Taped Seams: Critically Taped, Waterproof Rating: 10,000mm, Breathability Rating: 10,000g, Hood Type: Removable, Pit Zip Venting: No, Pockets: 4-5, Powder Skirt: Yes, Hood: Yes, Warranty: Lifetime, Use: Ski, Battery Heated: No, Race: No, Type: Insulated, Jacket Fit: Regular, Length: Medium, Insulation Type: Synthetic, Waterproof: Mild Waterproofing (5,001 - 10,000mm), Breathability: Mild Breathability (5,001 - 10,000g), Cuff Type: Velcro, Wrist Gaiter: Yes, Waterproof Zippers: Yes, Cinch Cord Bottom: Yes, Model Year: 201 - $74.96


text:
Sit Here With Me
A man and his wife of 50 years sit on a beech remembering all the places they've been to, people they have seen that brings them to this point in their life. If you want join in, you can be whoever you want, interact with the the couple however you please to create your own little stories that helped them or hindered them to achieving their perfect serenity right in this very moment.
The old withered hand that clasps my own.
The beech which the water gently catches.
The gentle blue sky with the cotton bud clouds.
The Bright, glaring sun that shines light and life on all that is underneath it.
The wind that sweeps through the canopy of the trees.
That's all well and good but it is nothing compared to my dear, oh my wife of 50 years.
When I look into her hazel eyes, I see the thousands of adventures we have shared together, but dear where to start, you just sit here with me my dear and let us remember together.


text:
So if I'm reading the original poem and the author guidance correctly, I'm supposed to write about the person who tagged me here. That's good, because I'd rather talk about Ana Cristina than about myself, and besides, if you really want to know what I think of myself, it should be in my ABOUT ME blurb in my profile (into which I resolve to actually put something worthwhile at some point).
Anyway, onto Ana Cristina…
Ana has the double distinction of being the last among us to have a featured story at Ficlets, and the first among us (since the Great Ficlets-Protagonize Migration of '08-'09) to have a featured story at Protagonize.
What's remarkable about the former event is that by the time her story was selected, Kevin Lawver, the person behind the creation of Ficlets, had already left AOL and had limited ability to change the site. Still, he would continue to update the Featured Ficlet from time to time, although not as frequently as when he was on staff. That he found Ana's prompt for a Haunted House Challenge worth promoting and that he never found another story to replace it is something special.
What's remarkable to me about the latter event is that Ana had only been in Protagonize for nine days when The Heart Is A Reliable Organ was selected as the featured story. Less than two weeks, and Ana has already been recognized as a producer of quality work.
My own first exposure to Ana's work was La Première Impression (http://ficlets.com/stories/24549 or http://www.protagonize.com/story/la-premire-impression). I had picked it up in one of the middle chapters, and one of my pet peeves about Ficlets is that there is no quick way to link back to the beginning of a long Ficlet series. As a result, I didn't often read segments of series if I hadn't picked them up from the beginning, but something in the title compelled me to pick this one up. And then the writing compelled me to read backward through its prequels to the beginning, then forward again to the end. That says something to me about Ana's writing.
Ana has consistently been one of the top six most active authors at Ficlets, and over here she's already a MERCENARY and on her way to becoming an ADVENTURER. And while she has an impressive number of stories and poems at both sites, it's dwarfed by the number of comments she leaves for other writers. And when it comes to feedback to your writing, whose counsel would you hold higher than that of an English teacher like Ana?


text:
ED Magedson – Founder
Ripoff Report
TCF Bank1069 Roselle Road Hoffman Estates, Illinois U.S.A.
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text: DEVELOPING HIGH ASSURANCE SYSTEMS: ON THE ROLE OF SOFTWARE TOOLS CONNIE HEITMEYER CENTER FOR HIGH ASSURANCE COMPUTER SYSTEMS NAVAL RESEARCH LABORATORY WASHINGTON, DC 22nd International Conference on Computer Safety, Reliability, and Security SAFECOMP 2003 OUTLINE • • • • • 9/24/03 Introduction Background – Overview of SCR requirements method – SCR Tools Applying tools in the development of high assurance systems – – – – – A-7 Operational Flight Program (U.S. Navy) Rockwell's Flight Guidance System U.S. Navy's Weapon Control Panel NASA's Flight Protection Engine U.S. Navy Family of Cryptographic Devices Problems tools cannot solve Summary and Conclusions 2 WHAT ARE HIGH ASSURANCE SYSTEMS? HIGH ASSURANCE COMPUTER SYSTEM computer system where compelling evidence is required that the system delivers its services in a manner that satisfies certain critical properties* CLASSES OF HIGH ASSURANCE SYSTEMS SECURE REAL-TIME Delivers Prevents results unauthorized within disclosure, specified modification, time and withholding intervals of sensitive information 9/24/03 SURVIVABLE Continues to fulfill its mission in the presence of attacks, accidents or failures FAULT-TOLERANT SAFE Guarantees a Prevents certain quality of unintended service despite events that faults, such as result in hardware, death, injury, workload, illness, or or environmental damage to anomalies *Heitmeyer and Rushby, Workshop on High Assurance Systems, 1995. property 3 MATHEMATICS VS. ENGINEERING MATHEMATICAL RESOURCES (e.g., theories, models, and algorithms) MATHEMATICALLY WELL-FOUNDED SOFTWARE ENGINEERING DISCIPLINE Logics (predicate, 1st order, Methods higher order, etc.) Languages Automata models Tools Theories underlying decision Technology procedures ... OUR LONG-TERM GOAL (Semi-)Automatic Transformation of a Specification into a Provably Correct, Efficient Program 9/24/03 4 HOW CAN TOOLS HELP IN DEVELOPING HIGH ASSURANCE SYSTEMS? • • Three major problems in software development – High cost of developing software – Lengthy software development times – Software errors Tools can help reduce all three – Can reduce software development costs • Automating a task can dramatically reduce the cost of the task – In many cases, can perform analysis much faster than humans • • Often, a tool can do a task in fractions of a seconds Doing the task manually can require orders of magnitude more time – Can find errors humans miss • • 9/24/03 Typically, human inspections overlook many errors For certain classes of errors, tools can find ALL of the errors 5 HISTORY OF SCR APPROACH 1978: Heninger,Parnas+ publish A-7/SCR requirements document — — — 1980s-early 1990s: SCR applied to a wide range of systems — — — — Telephone networks (AT&T Bell Labs) Submarine communications (NRL) Control software for nuclear plants (Ontario Hydro) Avionics software (Grumman) Early 1990s: Development of Four Variable Model and CoRE — — — Tabular notation Events and conditions Mode classes and terms Parnas+ introduce and apply Four Variable Model Softw. Productivity Consortium develops CoRE method(based on SCR) Lockheed applies CoRE and SCR tables to C-130J flight program 1992-present: NRL develops formal SCR model and tools SCR Software Cost Reduction 9/24/03 6 SCR GOAL: MAKE 'FORMAL METHODS' PRACTICAL • Usable, scalable tabular notation • Integrated set of robust, powerful software tools SPECIFY THE SYSTEM PRECISELY Use a TABULAR notation with an explicit formal semantics to specify the required behavior APPLY "CONSISTENCY CHECKING" – light-weight tools whose use does not require math. sophistication/thm proving – heavy-duty tools (e.g., theorem prover) Automatically SIMULATE check spec for THE syntax/type errors, SYSTEM missing cases, BEHAVIOR nondeterminism, circular defs, etc. Symbolically As we move down the execute the chain, we increase system based assurance in the spec on the (executable) req. specs 9/24/03 VERIFY SPECS USING MODEL CHECKING Check VERIFY critical SPECS USING application THEOREM PROVING properties 7 SCR TOOLS FOR DEVELOPING SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS* SCR TOOLSET • • system spec SPECIFICATION EDITOR DEPENDENCY GRAPH BROWSER modes most mature tools installed at 100+ org'ns in industry, govt., and academia New ANALYSIS TOOLS terms SIMULATOR conditions cont vars events mon vars MODEL CHECKER THEOREM PROVER • Consistency and completeness • Validation • Verification PROPERTY CHECKER (Salsa) INVARIANT GENERATOR 9/24/03 CONSISTENCY CHECKER – Is the spec well-formed? – Is this the right spec? – I.e., does the spec capture the intended behavior? – Is the spec right? – I.e., does the spec satisfy critical *Heitmeyer et al., Proc. CAV '98. properties (e.g., safety, security)? 8 TOOLS FOR TESTING & CODE SYNTHESIS ARE BEING DEVELOPED SCR TOOLSET • • most mature tools installed at 100+ org'ns in industry, govt., and academia ANALYSIS TOOLS • TAME is an interface to PVS designed to prove properties of state machine models system spec SPECIFICATION EDITOR DEPENDENCY GRAPH BROWSER modes terms CONSISTENCY CHECKER conditions cont vars events SIMULATOR mon vars MODEL CHECKER THEOREM PROVER (TAME) PROPERTY CHECKER (Salsa) INVARIANT GENERATOR TEST CASE GENERATOR SOURCE CODE GENERATOR Research Prototypes Next step: Optimized, provably correct source code USE OF SCR TOOLS BY LOCKHEED-MARTIN (LM) • • LM using SCR in U.S. rocket programs -- Atlas 5, J2, IUS for satellite launch LM in Denver used SCR to detect critical error in software controlling landing procedures in the Mars Polar Lander – "most likely cause of $165M failure of Mars Polar Lander in Dec. 99"* • SCR is a key component of RETTA, the software approach described in LM's winning proposal for the Joint Strike Fighter** – Goal of RETTA (Requirements Testability and Test Automation) is "early defect prevention" – "such formalized techniques [i.e., SCR] have not been used previously because requirements have been expressed using pseudo-formal models and textual documents written in English prose" Excerpt from LM report** & RETTA Guidelines SCR Modeling Guidelines & & Test Driver Def. Guidelines SCR User's Guide (HTML) T-VEC Toolset Guide & & *Blackburn et al., "TAF quickly identifies error in Mars Polar Lander software," LM Joint Symp., 2000. **Lockheed Martin report, August, 2000 (Proprietary Information). 9/24/03 10 APPLYING CONSISTENCY CHECKING TO THE A-7 REQUIREMENTS DOCUMENT system spec modes terms CONSISTENCY CHECKER conditions cont vars events mon vars CONSISTENCY CHECKING THE A-7 REQ. DOCUMENT: RESULTS • • • A-7 requirements document contains a complete spec of the required externally visible behavior of the A-7 flight program Checked manually for errors by two independent review teams Results of analyzing the specs with our consistency checker – Check of 36 condition tables, a total of 98 rows • Results: 17 rows in 11 tables violated the Coverage Property (i.e., 17 missing cases detected) – Checked all 3 mode transition tables, a total of 700 rows (4319 logical expressions) • Results: 57 violations of the Disjointness Property were detected (i.e., 57 instances of non-determinism detected) – All checks performed in a few minutes Consistency checking finds MANY errors that human inspections miss and usually does so in a very short time (seconds to minutes) 9/24/03 12 EXAMPLE: DETECTION OF A DISJOINTNESS ERROR Current Old Mode *I* The two rows that overlap New Mode Event Mode New Mode - @F f t --- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- - - f f - - - - @T @T - - - - f f - - - - t t - t - t @T - @T - - - - - - - - - - --- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -f t f - @T t f - - - t t - - f f - @T t - @T t - - - - - *Lan dlan* *A iraln* *D IG * - - t f t - @T --- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -f f - - - - - t t f f @T @T - - - - t t - - t t f f t t - f f - - - - - - f f @T t t @T t t - - - - - - @T - @T - - - - - - - - - - - t t *D I* --- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -@T - - *O LB* --- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- - @T - *Mag s l* --- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- - @T - *G rid* --- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- - @F - *IMS fail* --- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- - @T - *P olarI* For each error detected, the consistency checker displays 1. the table containing the error with erroneous entry highlighted 2. a state pair demonstrating the error (counterexample) Excerpt from 14-page table in the A-7 req. document counterexample Event that could trigger either transition @T(Doppler_up) WHEN [NOT CA_stage_complete AND latitude > 70 deg. AND NOT present_position_entered AND NOT latitude > 80 deg. AND IMSMODE=Gndal] APPLYING THE SCR TOOLS TO ROCKWELL'S FLIGHT GUIDANCE SYSTEM system spec SPECIFICATION EDITOR modes terms CONSISTENCY CHECKER conditions cont vars events mon vars SIMULATOR ROCKWELL-COLLINS AVIATION: FLIGHT GUIDANCE SYSTEM Experimental application of SCR tools by Rockwell Despite extensive reviews by Rockwell engineers, the tools found many errors in the spec – 28 errors detected, "many of them significant" – one third each: constructing the specification, applying the completeness and consistency checks, and simulating the system behavior based on the specification Example: Disjointness error leading to two possible flight modes Example: Missing cases (Lateral Armed Annunciation field undefined in certain cases) "...preliminary execution of the specification and completeness and consistency checking [with the SCR tools] has found several errors in a specification that represented our best effort at producing a correct specification manually." Steve Miller Rockwell-Collins Aviation 9/24/03 15 APPLYING THE SIMULATOR AND MODEL CHECKING TO A WEAPONS CONTROL PANEL system spec SPECIFICATION EDITOR DEPENDENCY GRAPH BROWSER modes terms CONSISTENCY CHECKER MODEL CHECKER conditions cont vars events mon vars SIMULATOR ANALYZING A CONTRACTOR REQ. SPEC OF A WEAPONS CONTROL PANEL Weapons Control Panel WCP OVERVIEW • WCP used to prepare & launch weapons • Sizable, complex program (~15KLOC) • Monitored quantities • Weapons Control Panel – switches and dials – numeric quantities (read by sensors) Controlled quantities – lights – doors and valves (set by actuators) PRODUCING THE SCR SPEC • Used scanner and OCR to read in contractor • spec of the WCP (250+ vars) Used text editor to convert to SCR spec USER-FRIENDLY SIMULATION Part of WEAPONS CONTROL PANEL Interface 9/24/03 • • • Scanned in diagrams of operator interface Used interface builder to develop realistic simulator front-end Operators unfamiliar with SCR can run scenarios to validate requirements spec 17 ANALYZING THE WCP SPECIFICATION FOR SAFETY PROPERTIES EXAMPLE SAFETY PROPERTY Opening the Torpedo Tube Vent Valve shall be prevented unless the Missile-to-Torpedo-Tube differential pressure is within safe limits @T(cVENT_SOLENOID) kMinTRANS_OK < TRANS_A' kMinTRANS_OK < TRANS_B' minimum allowable for launch 9/24/03 TRANS_A' < kMaxTRANS_OK TRANS_B' < kMaxTRANS_OK maximum allowable for launch 18 MODEL CHECKING THE WCP SPECIFICATION (1) PROBLEM: Too many variables SOLUTION: Remove variables irrelevant to the validity of the property Dependency Graph of Abstraction Reduces spec from 250+ to 55 variables (~80% reduction) Dependency Graph of Orig.Spec 9/24/03 Technique used analogous to code"slicing" 19 MODEL CHECKING THE WCP SPECIFICATION(2) PROBLEM: Some variables are real-valued l SOLUTION: Apply data abstraction -- i.e., replace each real-valued variable with a variable with a small, discrete value set u l 9.2 l 9.2 u 14.8 u EXAMPLE • Spec refers to real-valued variable tSEL_TRANS in two expressions: tSEL_TRANS < 14.8 and tSEL_TRANS < 9.2 • The first expression partitions the interval [l,u] into 2 subintervals • The second expression partitions the interval [l, 14.8) into 2 subintervals • The new abstract variable has the type set {0, 1, 2}. • The function f mapping the concrete var to the abstract var is defined by 0 if l tSEL_TRANS < 9.2 f (tSEL_TRANS) = 1 if 9.2 tSEL_TRANS < 14.8 2 if 14.8 tSEL_TRANS u 9/24/03 Size of type set of tSEL_TRANS goes from infinite to 3 20 USING SIMULATION TO VALIDATE VIOLATION OF A SAFETY PROPERTY Simulator notification of violation in spec Spin notification of violation in abstract model 18.0 18.0 Input sequence (scenario) that produces violation 18.0 18.0 Corresponding system history (each input and its results) 9/24/03 21 APPLYING SCR TO WCP: REQUIRED EFFORT PERSONWEEKS TASK Translate contractor SRS into SCR Use light-weight tools to detect errors Correct errors Abstraction/Detection of safety violation Develop customized simulator front-end TOTAL 0.8 0.2 0.3 0.7 3.0 0.1 ~5 2+ This small effort is quite surprising given that • the contractor-produced SRS was large and complex • the contractor had no prior knowledge of SCR 9/24/03 22 APPLYING THE SCR TOOLS, INCLUDING THE TEST CASE GENERATOR, TO NASA'S FAULT PROTECTION ENGINE (FPE) TEST CASE GENERATION FOR NASA'S FPE PROBLEM • • • NASA is using slightly different implementations of the FPE in various spacecraft NASA needs high reliance in the correctness of each version of the FPE code Our task – To develop a formal spec of the FPE beh. – From the spec, to constuct a set of test cases satisfying some coverage criteria – The tests will be used to check the FPE code 9/24/03 One or more requests received (no requests queued and none being processed) Idle No_ WayPoint Current request is completed and no other requests queued OR FlushAllResps received FlushAllResps received FlushAllResps received Waypoint detected when no higher-priority responses are queued Waypoint detected when higher-priority responses queued Current request completed when no higher-priority requests queued and time-out not expired Run_ Int _ Resp Current request is completed and at least one higher-priority request is queued Time-out expired when no higher-priority requests queued WayPoint FPE Algorithm 24 SPECIFICATION-BASED TEST CASE GENERATION • • Construct test predicates that "cover" the specification – Start with the set of (total) functions whose composition form the next state predicate – Given a function, define a predicate for each part of the function definition – Each predicate is called a test predicate and is the basis for defining a set of test cases Construct the test cases from the test predicates – Use the ability of a model checker to construct counterexamples – The set of test cases constructed is a test suite and can be used to automatically test the conformance of a program with a formal specification For details, see Gargantini/Heitmeyer, Proc., ESEC/FSE '99. 9/24/03 25 PROGRESS TO DATE • • • 9/24/03 An SCR spec that is well-formed and relatively easy to understand – NASA personnel quickly learned to understand the SCR spec A simulator for use in validating the spec – Highly effective in helping to debug the spec – Summer intern found a serious error in the SCR spec by experimenting with the graphical simulator A complete set of test cases have been constructed from the spec using our testing tool and the model checker Cadence SMV 26 TECHNICAL AND OTHER ISSUES SCR LANGUAGE • FPE algorithm involves many complex constructs that do not normally arise in embedded systems – e.g., feedback loops, queues, arrays simult. events, priorities, etc. • Problem: How to specify these Solution: more expressive language Trade-off: analysis more difficult PROPERTIES/LIKELY CHANGES • • How to determine what these are None of this is captured in the current NASA documentation TEST CASE GENERATION • • How to deal with the input data at a more abstract level How to reduce length of the test cases 9/24/03 Solution: apply symbolic model checking -- produces shortest counterexample 27 APPLYING THE SCR TOOLS TO CD I, A MEMBER OF A FAMILY OF CRYPTO SYSTEMS CD FAMILY OF CRYPTOGRAPHIC DEVICES encrypt decrypt C D To: …… From:…… Subj: ISR Assets ………… ………… C D comm. system CD SERVICES Each member is implemented in handware and software 9/24/03 • • • • • Load (and zeroize) crypto algorithms and keys Configure channel (i.e., write alg and key into channel space) Encrypt and decrypt data using a crypto algorithm and a key Take emergency action when, e.g., device is tampered with Provide the above services for m channels CD: Cryptographic Device 29 TAME -- A SPECIALIZED PVS INTERFACE* Objective Reduce human effort needed to verify properties with a theorem prover Reasoning in the Timed Automata Model Specialized Top Layer Induction Templates R.-T. System Modeled as Timed Automata Design Goals Easy to create specs Natural formulation of properties 'Natural' proof steps that match in size/kind steps used in hand proofs Proofs similar to hand proofs Simulation Timed Automaton Theory & Logic TAME PVS Proof User- System Defined Strategies Type Higher-Order Theory Logic Timed Automata Modeling Environment Why build upon PVS? Avoid reinventing existing, well-known techniques Use PVS logic as a flexible means of further proof support for automata models State properties in the expressive but natural logic of PVS 9/24/03 30 STEPS IN HAND PROOFS VS. STEPS IN PVS PROOFS HUMAN-STYLE In pro v ing A PVS B : "s u p p o s e A " I n p r o v i n g a. P ( a ) : "f i x a = a 0" "B y th e d e f i n i ti o n o f < f u n c ti o n > " T o sho w " a. P ( a ) b e c au s e P ( a 0 ) " ??? ( A m i r ac l e h ap p e n s h e r e - - m ay b e ) (FLA TTEN ) ( S K O L E M < f n u m > "a0 ") (EX PA N D "< f u n c ti o n > ") ( I N S T < f n u m > "a0 ") ( G RIN D ) K n o w i n g "e v e n t p r e c e d e s s tate s an d P ( s ) h o l d s " ad d u c e "th e l as t e v e n t 0 b e f o r e s s u c h th at P ( 0 s ) " (l et ((ex i s t s _ cas e_ b o dy (fo rm at n i l . . . )) . . . ) (t h en (b ran ch (cas e ex i s t s _ cas e_ b o dy ) (t h en . . . (b ran ch (ap p l y _ l em m a "l as t _ ev en t "(. . . ))))))) I n s tar ti n g th e p r o o f o f a s tate i n v ar i an t: "U s e i n d u c ti o n . " (t h en (b ran ch (aut o _ cas es i n v ) ((t h en (b as e_ cas ei n v )(s y s t i m p l _ s i m p _ p ro b e) (p o s t p o n e)) (b ran ch (i n duct _ cas es i n v ) (t h en (reduce_ cas e_ o n e_ v ar_ ex p i n v "t _ 1 ") (m at ch _ un i v _ an d_ s y s t i m p l _ s i m p _ p ro b e) (p o s t p o n e)) ... I n tr o d u c e th e c o n s tr ai n ts ap p l y i n g to a n o n d e te r m i n i s ti c v al u e i n th e p o s ts tate (t h en (reduce_ cas e_ n o _ v ar_ ex p i n v ) (m at ch _ un i v _ an d_ s y s t i m p l _ s i m p _ p ro b e) (p o s t p o n e)) (l et ((ep s _ l em m a . . . ) (i n s t _ p red . . . )) (t h en (l em m a ep s _ l em m a) (i n s t -1 i n s t _ p red) (b ran ch (s p l i t -1 ) ((. . . )(p o s t p o n e)))))) TAME Goal: Provide natural proof steps 9/24/03 31 VERIFYING THE CD I SPEC (1) SECURITY PROPERTIES 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9/24/03 When the zeroize switch is activated, the keys are zeroized No key can be stored before an algorithm in the assoc. location is activated If undervoltage occurs in backup power while primary power is un-available, CD enters alarm or off mode If backup power is overvoltage, then CD is in initialization, standby, alarm, or off mode When an overvoltage occurs in primary power, then CD is in standby, alarm or off mode, or goes into initialization When an undervoltage occurs in primary power, then CD is in standby, alarm, or off mode, or goes into initialization mode If CD is tampered with, the keys are zeroized proved directly by induction using TAME 32 VERIFYING THE CD I SPEC (2) SECURITY PROPERTIES 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 When the zeroize switch is activated, the keys are zeroized No key can be stored before an algorithm in the assoc. location is activated If undervoltage occurs in backup power while primary power is unavailable, CD enters alarm or off mode If backup power is overvoltage, then CD is in initialization, standby, alarm, or off mode When an overvoltage occurs in primary power, then CD is in standby, alarm or off mode, or goes into initialization When an undervoltage occurs in primary power, then CD is in standby, alarm, or off mode, or goes into initialization mode If CD is tampered with, the keys are zeroized AUTOMATICALLY GENERATED INVARIANTS* • In Initialization mode, primary • • • • power is not unavailable In Configuration mode, the system is healthy, backup power is not overvoltage, and primary power is not unavailable In Idle mode, the system is healthy, backup power is not overvoltage, and power power is not unavailable In Traffic Processing mode, the system is healthy, backup power is not overvoltage, and primary power is not unavailable In Off mode, KeyBank1Key1=0 and … *Jeffords, Heitmeyer, 1998, 2001. 9/24/03 33 ANOTHER SERIOUS PROBLEM THAT TOOLS & TECHNOLOGY CANNOT SOLVE • • A major barrier to using tools in developing high assurance systems: The lack of high quality specs Attributes of a high quality specification • • Precise Unambiguous Minimizes redundancy Minimizes implementation bias Readable Organized as a reference document -- info is easy to find Is UML the/a solution? IMHO, No… – Ambiguous: Lacks a formal semantics – Too much opportunity for implementation bias What is needed – Higher quality specs – Research in spec languages – Technology that makes it easier for practitioners to write good specs 9/24/03 34 ON THE ROLE OF TOOLS FOR STATIC ANALYSIS OF CODE • • • Recently, a number of tools for static analysis of code have been developed (mostly for C and Java) that detect code that could lead to faults, e.g., buffer overflows, bad pointers, and arithmetic exceptions – Some are commercially available, e.g., Safe C, Codesurfer – Some are proprietary, e.g., SNAP (T. Ball at Microsoft Research) – Others have been developed at universities, e.g., ARCHER for C (D. Engler et al., ESEC/FME 2003, Helsinki), BOGOR for Java (M. Dwyer et al., ESEC/FSE 2003, Helsinki) "Integrity static analysis" (see Bishop, Bloomfield, et al., Proc., SAFECOMP 2003) using such tools should be highly effective in detecting code that could lead to a failure in a high assurance system Such an approach should be especially effective for developing high assurance for legacy, third-party, and COTS software However, to achieve high confidence that a system satisfies critical safety (or security) properties, such analysis is not enough: it should be combined with other analyses that detect violations of application properties 9/24/03 35 NEED FOR SPECIALIZED METHODS AND TOOLS MATHEMATICALLY WELL-FOUNDED SOFTWARE ENGINEERING DISCIPLINE MATHEMATICAL RESOURCES (theories, models, and algorithms) Logics (predicate, 1st order, higher order, etc.) Automata models Theories underlying decision procedures … Methods Languages Tools Technology Needed: A collection of well-founded software engineering disciplines, each customized for a particular class of software, e.g., • • • 9/24/03 Automobile software Software for medical devices Web software • • • Avionics software Software for security products … 36 SUMMARY • • • • 9/24/03 Tools can be extremely useful in developing/evaluating software – – – – – – Find missing cases and unwanted non-determinism Help in validating a formal spec Detect property violations Support formal verification of properties Reduce the time/effort required to construct and run test cases Provide more confidence in testing by constructing a carefully constructed suite of test cases Most effective: A combination of tools – Different tools usually find different kinds of errors A major contribution of tools: Liberate people to do the hard intellectual work required to build high quality specs and software – Moreover, the "combination of human analysis and tool-based analysis is more powerful than either alone…" (paraphrasing John Rushby) But, powerful tools are not enough – Need better methods for developing high assurance software – Need better specifications – Need better spec languages 37 MY REACTION TO MARTYN'S TALK • Where I agree – The emphasis in developing and certifying a high assurance system should be on the product (especially the system and the software) and its properties, not the process • Martyn's case against the SILS was very convincing • – Strong software engineering principles should be applied – A correct formal spec of a high assurance system is critical Where I disagree – In our experience, it costs significantly more "to do things properly" • Doing so requires much more thought AND more competent people – Students do not generally receive adequate training in software engineering in our universities • Certainly, this is the case in the U.S. – Both a formal proof AND testing can be usefully applied to a single artifact • A proof demonstrates that the artifact satisfies a single property of interest • Testing with good coverage evaluates a much wider range of behaviors 9/24/03 38


text:
The convenience of being able to have a debit or credit card alongside your online broker account is nice. While not many brokerages offer formal banking services such as these, there are some that do.
The main reason this is possible is by the broker being a subsidiary of a larger organization. ShareBuilder and Merrill Edge, for example, are a part of Capital One and Bank of America, respectivel.
This list shows which brokers offer credit cards and debit cards. Offers will vary by broker.
Published on Tuesday, May 23rd, 2017 .


text: Career Services is hosting their annual Career Week, March 21-24, giving students opportunities to network with alumni, have their resume reviewed, hear about publishing books and starting businesses, and apply for jobs and internships. Schedule of Events:Monday, March 21, 20116:00pm-7:00pm – "Writing Talking" - Professors Karl Giberson, Kate McCann, Eric Severson (What is takes to get published, authoring books, etc)Spange Parlor (Snacks Provided)Tuesday, March 22, 201112:30pm-1:30pm – Alumni Networking Lunch (connecting & gathering info in a fun informal way), Free Pizza Lunch, SpangeAlumni participating: Scott MacFarland - ENC Director of Marketing Wes Adams - Verizon Shelley Cornish - Lexington Christian Academy – Dir. of Development Jeremy Scott - North Street Community Church - Senior Pastor Steve Yerdon - Devereux Massachusetts - Executive Director Paul Bowen - Non-profit afterschool program Sam Mohnkern - Non-profit afterschool program Matt Carpenter - John Hancock Ben Neil - Primerica - Financial Services Kris Fernandez - Owns KR Bookkeeping Heidi Christmas- Voxmedia International - Director1:30pm-3:30pm – "Resumania," Mann Lobby (Drop by for resume review, no appt necessary)Wednesday, March 23, 20116pm-7pm- Coffee Break Café – Owners speak on starting / owning a successful business, Spange (Snacks Provided)Thursday, March 24, 201111:30am – 1:30pm – Internship and Job Fair, Mann Student Center LobbyList of Companies: Brockton Public Schools Eliot Community Human Services Fair Haven Camps Grotonwood –Oceanwood Camps and Conference Centers GVI Projects International Horizons for Homeless Children Nazarene Publishing House South Shore Mental Health South Shore YMCA Salem Radio Group Boston Taconic Retreat & Conference Center7pm-8pm – Graduate School Seminar, Munro Parlor (Snacks Provided)


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The AUA Quality (AQUA) Registry is recognized by CMS as a Qualified Clinical Data Registry (QCDR). This designation enables Eligible Professionals (EPs) who participate in the AQUA Registry a seamless way to report quality measures to CMS and other private insurers. Utilizing a QCDR provides physicians more options to meet the PQRS requirements of reporting on a minimum of 9 measures covering 3 National Quality Strategy (NQS) domains for at least 50% of the EP's patients seen during the participation period. At least 1 of the 9 measures submitted must be an outcome measure. Participating physicians will avoid a negative payment adjustment by meeting these reporting requirements.
2016 QCDR Measures
The AQUA Registry QCDR will facilitate the submission of the following measures on behalf of its eligible professionals for the 2016 reporting period beginning on January 1, 2016, and will end on December 31, 2016.


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Apartment Deluxe Sydney Central
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Differential susceptibility to plasticity: a 'missing link' between gene-culture co-evolution and neuropsychiatric spectrum disorders?
Brüne's proposal that erstwhile 'vulnerability' genes need to be reconsidered as 'plasticity' genes, given the potential for certain environments to yield increased positive function in the same domain as potential dysfunction, has implications for psychiatric nosology as well as a more dynamic understanding of the relationship between genes and culture. In addition to validating neuropsychiatric spectrum disorder nosologies by calling for similar methodological shifts in gene-environment-interaction studies, Brüne's position elevates the importance of environmental contexts - inclusive of socio-cultural variables - as mechanisms that contribute to clinical presentation. We assert that when models of susceptibility to plasticity and neuropsychiatric spectrum disorders are concomitantly considered, a new line of inquiry emerges into the co-evolution and co-determination of socio-cultural contexts and endophenotypes. This presents potentially unique opportunities, benefits, challenges, and responsibilities for research and practice in psychiatry.
Please see related manuscript:
The diathesis stress model for genetics of psychopathology contends that individuals with certain genes may possess greater 'vulnerability' to dysfunction when exposed to adverse environmental conditions than individuals lacking these genes. While this theory has predominated psychiatric research and practice, it remains puzzling, given evolutionary theory, that natural selection would favor allelic variants that increase vulnerability to adversity. In this issue, Brüne offers a possible solution to this conundrum by reconsidering so-called 'vulnerability' genes, and suggesting that they be regarded as genes that confer greater susceptibility to plasticity, rather than pathology
Brüne provides an overview that argues for '... an association of genetic plasticity with both behavioral and neuroanatomical correlates of gene-environment interaction'
The concept - and utility - of spectrum disorder
When attempting to define psychopathology (particularly in a broadly cultural context), there is often ambiguity about where to establish the boundary between 'normal' and 'abnormal' function. Interestingly, the shift from discrete or binary classifications of 'normal'
Accordingly, the notion of putative 'plasticity genes' as presented by Brüne is important to strengthen our position and to fortify the medical model of psychiatry (as defined by the ontological assumptions of realism, naturalism, reductionism, and essentialism)
A role for 'culture'
It is here that we believe the most profound impact of this theory becomes apparent. A significant implication is that if such genes and socio-cultural environmental variables co-determine the degree of susceptibility to plasticity, then these cannot - and should not - be considered independently as regards their role in establishing predispositions to maladaptive neurological function and associated psychological sequelae. Given the role of oxytocin in cognition and the importance of neuro-cognitive/environmental interactions to the evolution of human culture(s) and society
Yet, suggesting that the importance of socio-cultural environmental variables is relative with respect to the effects of OXTR allelic variation on psychological function (depending on ethnicity) leads to questioning whether a given socio-cultural environment may confer particular advantages or disadvantages depending on genotype. However, since culture is more readily adapted than genetics, implicit in the shift from 'vulnerability/stress-diathesis' to 'differential susceptibility' and its accompanying allowance for the possibility of benefit in the same axis, is some form of 'gene-culture co-evolutionary theory'
Relevance and importance to psychiatry
The implications of genetic variation conferring plasticity - as opposed to vulnerability - not only reinforce the importance of recognizing dynamic bio-psychosocial models, but suggest the need to reconsider the relative role(s) of culture when seeking to understand how disorders are manifest. Perhaps most important is the need to do so in a way that does not assume that one set of cultural/environmental variables are suitable for the entire range of diverse genotypes and endophentotypes encountered. Beyond cultural relativism, the enormity of potential combinations of gene combinations and environments calls for psychiatry to account for individual differences according to an individual's own array of factors (for example some form of 'personalized medicine'), and still retain something akin to group validity and/or generalizability. We posit that concepts of bio-psychosocial spectrum disorders are well-suited to this. However, we also advocate caution against assuming that one treatment model is optimal for individuals grouped either by genotype or culture, because individual endophenotypes likely depend upon complex interactions of these (genetic and environmental) factors.
Therefore, when regarding both models of susceptibility to plasticity, and neuropsychiatric spectrum disorders, a new line of inquiry emerges into the co-evolution and co-determination of socio-cultural contexts and endophenotypes, and further, into the consequences of displacing bio-psychological characteristics to various socio-cultural milieu
We argue that this compels the need to understand concepts, constructs, and effects of norms in a more complex and relative sense; else there is risk of psychiatric ethnocentrism incurred by conflating values that contribute to optimum functioning of one particular population with 'universally favorable' values. This would have detrimental consequences for individuals who may be better suited to a different approach to their bio-psychosociocultural contexts, as it is becoming clear that neurobiological diversity is desirable in the face of challenges presented by cultural shifts (in family structure, communication, social support, the volume and manifestations of ambient sensory stimuli, economics, and so on)
Conclusions: addressing benefits and responsibilities
A unique and valuable opportunity is thus afforded by adopting the differential susceptibility-to-plasticity model of psychiatric disorders. We opine that an enhanced understanding of neurobiopsychosocial mechanisms contributory to neuropsychiatric diversity would shift the focus in psychiatry toward: (1) better identifying what, how, and why complex variables may be important to epidemiological patterns and trends of certain conditions (for example, autism; attention deficit); (2) perceiving the potential benefits afforded by those factors that increase susceptibility to neural plasticity upon exposure to environmental contingencies, and where they might, under given circumstances, present an evolutionary advantage or disadvantage; and (3) distinguishing relevant bio-psychological and social variables upon which to intervene in order to promote a fuller expression of potential benefits in individuals with such predispositions.
Therefore, it follows that opportunities arise not only for diagnostic taxonomy and nosology (and accordingly, for research and scientific knowledge), but for a more finely-grained understanding of the dynamic interaction between culture (herein defined as both a medium and forum for respectively generating and fostering biological and socio-environmental characteristics) and human mental - if not overall - health. This incurs a number of ethical, legal, and sociological implications - and responsibilities - for research, treatment approaches, and the positive or negative influence of psychiatry in promoting human wellbeing. Further, and albeit optimistically, such knowledge might prompt an attitudinal shift that could be instrumental in calming the fears of those who feel threatened and alienated by the medical model of psychiatry, without having to sacrifice an understanding of psychological (dys)function as being grounded to neural substrates.
Competing interests
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
Authors' contributions
RW and JG collaborated to develop the literature review and core concepts of this commentary, and co-wrote the body of the text. Both authors read and approved the final manuscript.
Authors' information
RW is a doctoral candidate in the Interdisciplinary Program in Neurosciences at the Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA, and is a Resident Scholar of the Center for Neurotechnology Studies of the Potomac Institute for Policy Studies, Arlington, VA, USA. JG is Director of the Center for Neurotechnology Studies of the Potomac Institute for Policy Studies, Arlington, VA, USA; Fulbright Gast Professor of Neuroscience, Neurotechnology and Ethics at the Human Science Center of Ludwig-Maximilians Universität, Munich Germany, and Research Professor of Neurosciences and Ethics in the Department of Electrical and Computational Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
This work was supported, in part, by funding from the JW Fulbright Foundation (JG), Office of Naval Research (JG); the Center for Neurotechnology Studies of the Potomac Institute for Policy Studies (JG, RW), and a National Science Foundation National Research Scholars' Award (RW). The authors thank Sherry Loveless for technical assistance on this manuscript.
Does the oxytocin receptor (OXTR) polymorphism (rs2254298) confer "vulnerability" for psychopathology or "differential susceptibility"? Insights from evolution
Variation in susceptibility to rearing influences: An evolutionary argument
Vulnerability genes or plasticity genes?
Beyond diathesis stress: differential susceptibility to environmental influences
Kinds of kinds: a conceptual taxonomy of psychiatric categories
Neurological disease and depression: The possibility and plausibility of putative neuropsychiatric spectrum disorders
On the ontological assumptions of the medical model of psychiatry: philosophical considerations and pragmatic tasks
Establishment of diagnostic validity in psychiatric illness: its application to schizophrenia
Gene-environment interactions in psychiatry: Joining forces with neuroscience?
The social brain: A project for integrating primate behavior and neurophysiology in a new domain
The social brain: mind, language, and society in evolutionary perspective
Oxytocin, vasopressin, and the neurogenetics of sociality
Pathogen prevalence predicts human cross-cultural variability in individualism/collectivism
Culture-gene coevolution of individualism-collectivism and the serotonin transporter gene
Biocultural orchestration of developmental plasticity across levels: The interplay of biology and culture in shaping the mind and behavior across the lifespan
Autism, neurodiversity and equality beyond the 'normal'
Complexity and nonlinear dynamics in psychotherapy
Pre-publication history
The pre-publication history for this paper can be accessed here:


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Virtual Pool 64
27,407pages onAdd New Page
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this wiki
A pretty looking game of pool, also known as billiards. Features somewhat complicated controls that utilized every button on the Nintendo 64 Controller and several different modes of play. Pool fans can play 3-Ball, 6-Ball, 8-Ball, 9-Ball, 10-Ball, Straight Pool, One Pocket, Rotation Pool, and Bank pool.


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Home >> Black Plastic Cover Home Car Ashtray Trash Bin Can Garbage Container
- The plastic cover can be removed, retrofitting garbage bags to facilitate cleaning.
- Can be used in car, home, office, etc, can be used as trash can, ashtray, cup holder or coins holder.
- The lid is made of the plastic material.
- Suitable to arrange in a vehicle cup holder or door, ensure safety placing.
|Product Name
|Car Trash Can
|20 x 10cm/7.9" x 3.9" (MaxH*D)
|Package Content
|1 x Car Trash Can
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Our visit almost two years later was better than the first; however, that is faint praise indeed. The only thing this restaurant really has going for it is the location. If it were anywhere but on the banks of the Musi, I'd be surprised if it ever got a customer. As it is right on the Musi it is a... More
Address: Seberang Ulu, Palembang, Indonesia
Location: Asia > Indonesia > Sumatra > South Sumatra > Palembang


text: I don't know where these other reviewers ate... But it wasn't at the Peach Garden Restaurant! Food was good but extremely overpriced. Three small dishes came to 700HKD (400 of that being for an anorexic crab). Friendly staff and a nice view - but definitely not worth the money! Definitely got the gweilo (white man) price.


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Nuclear Plant (Civ1)
this wiki
Back to the list of buildings
A Nuclear Plant can be built before a Factory or Mfg. Plant, but it will have no effect on production until one of those are built. There is a risk of meltdown before Fusion Power is discovered, especially if there is civil disorder.
Nuclear Power Plants burn atomic fuels through the process of nuclear fission to generate the heat and steam needed to produce electricity. Because it doesn't cause the pollution problems associated with the burning of fossil fuels, Nuclear Power is being examined as a possible alternative to these "dirty" sources of energy. However, the extremely dangerous nature of Nuclear Fission creates its own hazards, including the risk of a meltdown of the nuclear reactor. While the future of Nuclear Power is unclear now, continuing research in Nuclear Fusion may result in a safe and cheap source of power.


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HEARING ADVISORY: Camp Announces Hearing on the Treatment of Closely-Held Businesses in the Context of Tax Reform
Congressman Dave Camp (R-MI), Chairman of the Committee on Ways and Means, today announced that the Committee will hold the second of two hearings on how accounting rules cause different types of businesses – specifically, publicly-traded and closely-held businesses – to evaluate tax policy choices differently. Whereas the previous hearing focused on financial accounting rules and publicly-traded companies, this hearing will focus on the special challenges faced by small and closely-held businesses that are less concerned with financial accounting rules but must confront tremendous complexity in dealing with tax accounting and various choice of entity regimes. The hearing will take place on Wednesday, March 7, 2012, in Room 1100 of the Longworth House Office Building, beginning at 10:00 A.M.
In view of the limited time available to hear witnesses, oral testimony at this hearing will be from invited witnesses only. However, any individual or organization not scheduled for an oral appearance may submit a written statement for consideration by the Committee and for inclusion in the printed record of the hearing. A list of invited witnesses will follow.
Unlike publicly-traded companies, closely-held companies often rely less on Generally Accepted Accounting Principles ("GAAP") to report information to owners and creditors, although there are exceptions. (For example, a non-public entity with outside investors or a closely-held entity that issues debt instruments might be required to provide GAAP-compliant statements.) Instead, closely-held entities tend to focus almost exclusively on how tax policy changes affect cash flows. Closely-held companies, however, face their own set of challenges with regard to tax complexity and uncertainty. These challenges range from compliance with complicated rules on inventory accounting and cost recovery to numerous sets of tax rules governing different business forms.
The three major business forms from which closely-held companies must choose for federal tax purposes are C corporations, S corporations, and partnerships, although a number of other types of business entities exist to serve specific purposes. While C corporations are subject to entity-level tax and shareholders are again subject to tax on dividends and capital gains, S corporations and partnerships are "pass-through" entities that do not pay entity-level tax – rather, partners and shareholders pay tax on their share of the entity's income on their individual tax returns (and therefore under the individual rate schedule). Companies must choose to operate under one of these regimes, and this choice can have significant tax consequences. Many commentators recommend modifications to the choice of entity rules to reduce the potential distortions introduced by such rules – with ideas ranging from consolidating existing pass-through rules into a "unified pass-through regime," making it easier for closely-held C corporations to convert to pass-through status, or even subjecting some existing pass-through entities to double taxation as C corporations. On the other hand, tax reform proposals that create too large a spread between the top corporate rate and the top individual rate risk exacerbating these distortions rather than reducing them.
In announcing this hearing, Chairman Camp said, "Closely-held businesses – including millions of small and family-owned businesses – form the backbone of our economy, but our current tax code imposes a variety of burdens on them that public companies do not face. Tax compliance costs are especially high for small and closely-held businesses, and complex rules often prevent them from maximizing their ability to invest and create jobs. Higher marginal rates on individuals, as have been proposed by others, would stunt their growth even more. As part of comprehensive tax reform, the Committee must determine how best to reduce tax compliance costs and tax rates on closely-held businesses so that they can devote their resources to innovation and job creation, rather than to tax compliance and tax planning."
The hearing will examine how the tax code affects closely-held businesses in particular, and how tax reform might improve their ability to grow and create jobs. To this end, the hearing will consider how and under which sets of rules closely-held entities should be taxed, as well as general burdens imposed on closely-held businesses such as high compliance costs and tax rates.
Please Note: Any person(s) and/or organization(s) wishing to submit written comments for the hearing record must follow the appropriate link on the hearing page of the Committee website and complete the informational forms. From the Committee homepage, https://waysandmeans.house.gov, select "Hearings." Select the hearing for which you would like to submit, and click on the link entitled, "Click here to provide a submission for the record." Once you have followed the online instructions, submit all requested information. ATTACH your submission as a Word document, in compliance with the formatting requirements listed below, by the close of business on Wednesday, March 21, 2012. Finally, please note that due to the change in House mail policy, the U.S. Capitol Police will refuse sealed-package deliveries to all House Office Buildings. For questions, or if you encounter technical problems, please call (202) 225-3625 or (202) 225-2610.
The Committee relies on electronic submissions for printing the official hearing record. As always, submissions will be included in the record according to the discretion of the Committee. The Committee will not alter the content of your submission, but we reserve the right to format it according to our guidelines. Any submission provided to the Committee by a witness, any supplementary materials submitted for the printed record, and any written comments in response to a request for written comments must conform to the guidelines listed below. Any submission or supplementary item not in compliance with these guidelines will not be printed, but will be maintained in the Committee files for review and use by the Committee.
1. All submissions and supplementary materials must be provided in Word format and MUST NOT exceed a total of 10 pages, including attachments. Witnesses and submitters are advised that the Committee relies on electronic submissions for printing the official hearing record.
2. Copies of whole documents submitted as exhibit material will not be accepted for printing. Instead, exhibit material should be referenced and quoted or paraphrased. All exhibit material not meeting these specifications will be maintained in the Committee files for review and use by the Committee.
3. All submissions must include a list of all clients, persons and/or organizations on whose behalf the witness appears. A supplemental sheet must accompany each submission listing the name, company, address, telephone, and fax numbers of each witness.
The Committee seeks to make its facilities accessible to persons with disabilities. If you are in need of special accommodations, please call 202-225-1721 or 202-226-3411 TTD/TTY in advance of the event (four business days notice is requested). Questions with regard to special accommodation needs in general (including availability of Committee materials in alternative formats) may be directed to the Committee as noted above.
Note: All Committee advisories and news releases are available on the World Wide Web at http://www.waysandmeans.house.gov/.


text: My boyfriend and I tried the patty shack and had a terrible experience. I ask the female server if the Buffalo Chicken wrap was good and she said " I don't know ... if you like that sort of thing" with a snotty attitude. Lol great customer service! I ended up going with the chicken fingers. Do NOT order the... More


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ADM interviewed a variety of internal and external stakeholders, including employees, NGOs, investors, and regulators to determine aspects material to its operations. Stakeholders were selected by Business for Social Responsibility (BSR) using their knowledge of our industry. The aspects were ranked separately for each business division, but the results were comparable. The following aspects have been identified as material:
Our external stakeholder interviewees were:


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Best Spy Who Built the Thing You Come in From the Cold Into
Eero Saarinen is the modernist architect behind American icons like the St. Louis Arch and the TWA terminal at JFK, who in a fairly short career entered the pantheon of 20th-century builders. Now the Architecture + Design Museum's new show, "Eero Saarinen: A Reputation for Innovation," examines some of the lesser-known aspects of this legacy. He first became a household name (despite or perhaps partly because of the charming Finnish cadence of that name) in 1939 when he won a much-publicized design competition for a new Smithsonian Gallery of Art -- and promptly encountered such domestic hostility to the avant-garde Modernist style that his design was never built and even its drawings were lost to history until the late 1990s. But maybe the most fascinating part of the story this exhibition tells is Saarinen's work with the OSS (Office of Strategic Services, which later became the CIA). He volunteered there during WWII, applying his keen sense of design and streamlined functionality, eventually becoming the chief of something called the Presentation Division. A Reputation for Innovation takes a rare look at the intersection of politics, policy, design, architecture and historical events, providing a window not only to the inner workings of a secret government agency but also the mind of one of the great design thinkers of the modern age. A+D Museum, 6032 Wilshire Blvd. Fri., Oct. 5, 6-9 p.m.; $20, $10 students; exhibit runs Tues.-Fri., 11 a.m.-5 p.m.; Sat.-Sun., noon-6 p.m., thru Jan. 3; admission $10, $5 seniors and students. (323) 932-9393. aplusd.org.
Tuesdays-Sundays. Starts: Oct. 5. Continues through Jan. 3, 2012
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Hisar, Nov 20: He started his career as a junior engineer with the Haryana irigation department in 2000, but was sacked. And within just 14 years, he had a huge fan following, 12 acres ashram and coupld of BMWs and Mercedes Benzes.
Tainted godman-Sant Rampal's story is probably the story of any 'saint' in India. Owner of a cult worth Rs 100 crores, he known by the name of Sarguru Rampal Ji Maharaj.
Certainly, this guru is no pauper. His sprawling 12 acre ashram in Barwala, Haryana has air-conditioned rooms for important followers and even lecture halls equipped with LED screens.
He is said to have his own property in Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and also in Delhi, apart from ashrams in Rohtak and another under-construction ashram in Barwala.
Born in a farmer family in Haryana's Sonepat, Rampal Dass got a diploma in engineering and was appointed a junior engineer till the age of 48, when he was removed for "carelessness".
Jailed on murder charges, he was given bail earlier. Recently, he hit the headlines as he used human shields to protect himself from police. He is also alleged to have forcefully detained his followers for self defence. Five women and an infant are said to have died inside his campus during a clash between the police and his followers.
OneIndia News


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How to Use the MyHydrate Spa InfuserAug 23, 2016
Flavored water is delicious water. And when something's delicious, we want more of it. In the case of water, this desire for more improves your health.
Here's how to use the MyHydrate spa infuser:
- Twist off the top of MyHydrate
- Remove the spa infuser
- Fill the spa infuser with sliced fruit or vegetables. You can also add herbs by themselves or with the fruit or vegetables.
- Fill up MyHydrate, leaving 1-2 inches from the top of the bottle (this depends on how much you've filled the spa infuser)
- Twist the top of MyHydrate securely back on
- Enjoy your flavor infused water!
Here are some popular MyHydrate spa infuser recipes that our customers love! Just remember to let the ingredients infuse for 2-3 hours in the refrigerator, then enjoy. Try different recipes and stick to the ones you like the best.
- Citrus Explosion: slices of lemon + orange
- Spa time: cucumber slices + mint leaves
- Berry Basil: sliced Strawberries + basil leaves
- Blueberry Mint: handful of blueberries + mint leaves
- Green Apple Rosemary: slices of green apple + several sprigs of rosemary
- Healthy Holiday Water: slices of apple + two cinnamon sticks
To speak with a live hydration specialist at MyHydrate, please call 1-800-590-8580 or email our support team at email@example.com . Order your MyHydrate smart bottle now at www.myhydrate.com .


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Take a look around the Medical Center with our virtual tour.
Breast cancer can be a devstating disease. But early detection can save your life. To mark National Breast Cancer Awareness Month, find out your risk for breast cancer.
Use the buttons below to log into the Fremont Health patient portals.
Dunklau Gardens is more beautiful, comfortable, and better equipped to care for you than ever before. Short-term rehabilitation patients and long-term care residents can enjoy a completely new environment and greater privacy with the benefits of state-of-the-art technology.
Schedule a tour to see the all-new Dunklau Gardens — call 402-727-3795.
Mike Lewis and Jim Poulas are two men with one common problem.
"Frequent urination," Poulas said, "especially at night."
Dr. Ansar Khan says their problem was triggered by an enlarged prostate, something that will affect one in three men over 50.
Now there's a relatively new procedure to fix the problem. It's called the UROLIFT. Only a few doctors in the Metro perform the procedure and Fremont Health's Dr. Ansar Khan is one of them.
He says over the years doctors have tried several solutions, "but in all these procedures there's bleeding, a long time for recovery and worst of all is that all these procedures have sexual side-effects which in the male at the age of 50 and 60 has a tremendous effect on quality of life."
He says the UROLIFT is less invasive, has no sexual side-effects and the results are immediate.
"I've been doing it about a year-and-a half and I really think it's going to be new gold standard. It's going to be the game changer."
© 2017 Fremont Health
All Rights Reserved.
450 East 23rd Street Fremont, NE 68025
(402) 721-1610


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ED Magedson – Founder
Ripoff Report
NomorerackInternet USA
Nomorerack sold me a defective purse; buckle on one side of pursue broke, then noticed two different buckles!! Internet
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Corporate Advocacy Program™
Back In summer 2013, I purchased a green leather pursue, that I absolutely loved! After about twotwo months, one of the buckle completely fell apart, and that's when I noticed the buckles on the other side of the purse had completely more sturdy buckles!! I can not get it repaired, so I'm stuck with a beautiful pursue I can't use. I was given credit for this purchase, but not another green, leather pursue I wanted. Thank you letting me get this anger voiced.Nora Abilene, TX
This report was posted on Ripoff Report on 05/29/2014 07:20 AM and is a permanent record located here: http://www.ripoffreport.com/reports/nomorerack/internet/nomorerack-sold-me-a-defective-purse-buckle-on-one-side-of-pursue-broke-then-noticed-tw-1150501. The posting time indicated is Arizona local time. Arizona does not observe daylight savings so the post time may be Mountain or Pacific depending on the time of year.
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NoMoreRack.com - Customer Care
SUBMITTED: Tuesday, July 15, 2014POSTED: Tuesday, July 15, 2014
We are so sorry to hear about the trouble with your order. At NMR, nothing is more important than a perfect shopping experience. Our customer relations team is around 24/7, to help resolve your issue with our "Make It Great Guarantee" Policy. We can't promise we are perfect, but what we do promise under our "Make It Great" guarantee is that we will diligently resolve your issue and aim to turn you in to a raving fan!
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Knee pain while paying
I am playing badminton 3 times in a week bit after the game I can't climb stairs get knee pain for one week then slowly they go. Why it's happening? ?
Answers (1)
Like the answers? Chat privately for 24 hours with the doctor of your choice
Sir, in athletic people most of the time its due to ligament tear due to excessive strain on the ligament or due to some unhealed injury while doing that activity. In some cases its due to bursitis due to repetitive kneeling or bending of the knee. Or it might be due to injury to tendon. This things generally heal by taking Complete rest for few weeks, apply hot water compression with a cloth, avoid strenuous activities. You can also use knee pads if you kneel frequently. Other causes like osteoarthritis, infections,patellar dislocation etc might also cause a knee pain.consult a orthopedician for further management.
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|Message view
|« Date » · « Thread »
|« Date » · « Thread »
|Michelle Caisse <Michelle.Cai...@Sun.COM>
|Re: Looking for good test suite to test Grant & Revoke functionality ...
|Tue, 28 Mar 2006 22:59:01 GMT
Hi Satheesh, I've attached some code to DERBY-464 that may be useful as the basis of a grant/revoke test. It comes from the Sun HADB test suite. If you decide to use it, let me know if you need any of the classes it depends on. -- Michelle Satheesh Bandaram wrote: > As I am wrapping up Grant & Revoke functionality being tracked under > DERBY-464 (except for views, triggers and constraints part), I am > looking for good way to test new functionality. While I have added two > new tests, grantRevokeDDL.sql and grantRevoke.java, I am looking to > expand test coverage to try some real schemas and usages. Some ideas are: > > 1. Try converting existings tests to new SQL authorization mode. > *nist *suite seems like a good candidate. It already enables > authentication and has authorization statements under comments. > I will have to change nist suite to grant required object > privileges and adjust test suite to work-around extra > restrictions current implementation has. I have already tried > running nist under SQL authorization and initial run caused > about* 40* test failures out of 126 tests. After changing tests > a little, I have brought down failures to about 20 tests. I will > need to further change tests to add grant statements to get the > test to pass. > 2. Import a suitable test in open source world with compatible > license. Any ideas here? > 3. Write one from scratch. Might take reasonable amount of time. > > Thanks for any suggestions, > > Satheesh
|View raw message


text: Anyone else try to instal this game? I got it installed and patched but when the xtrap loads it crashes. I suspect there is a permission I haven't found that needs to be alocated I've unchecked the read only and I've alos ran it in xp compatability mode. Nothing seams to work I've also used the Administrator rights. Not sure what else to try. Specs: AMd Phenom 9600 quad core 4 gigs of ram 40 gig IDE drive (spare drive to test on) Windows7 (64 version)


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TOKYO, Nov 15 (Reuters) A human rights activist lamented on today that no one from the Japanese government would meet the Dalai Lama during his nine-day visit to the country centred on Buddhist events.
The exiled Tibetan spiritual leader arrived in Japan today but had no plans to meet government officials, in what Japanese media said was a sign Japan wanted to keep improving ties with China on track.
China reviles the Dalai Lama as a political exile and traitor since he fled Tibet in 1959 after a failed uprising against Chinese rule.
''Meeting the Dalai Lama at the level of prime minister is the least that people can do to support the group of people that are under tremendous pressure,'' Brad Adams, Asia director for Human Rights Watch, told a news conference.
''If the Japanese government is not meeting with the Dalai Lama at a high level, then I think it's a shame,'' he added.
China criticised the exiled leader's visit, which follows a visit last year.
''We have reiterated on many occasions that we oppose any countries providing a venue for the Dalai Lama's separatist activities,'' Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman Liu Jianchao told a regular news conference in Beijing.
''We feel regret that Japan allowed the Dalai Lama to visit.'' The Dalai Lama, considered the spiritual leader of Tibetan Buddhism, was received by the leaders of Canada and the United States last month and met the Australian prime minister and German chancellor earlier this year.
In Japan, the Dalai Lama is set to deliver speeches around Japan, including one to a Buddhist convention in Yokohama, near Tokyo, next Tuesday.
The Asahi newspaper reported that Japan, eager to improve relations with China strained by a number of issues including their wartime past, was not offering security guards or police escorts for the Dalai Lama for much of his trip.


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Hosting the Breckinridge County Lady Tigers in the home opener of the middle school girls' basketball season, the Lady Cougars dropped a pair of one-sided games.
In the seventh-grade opener, Breck's Isabel Grimes led all scorers with 17 points to lead the Lady Tigers to a 51-31 drubbing of Grayson County. In the eighth-grade game, Breck's Aleigha Mucker poured in 22 points as the Lady Tigers beat the Lady Cougars 47-30.
Seventh-Grade Game
This game was pretty much decided in the first period when the Lady Tigers scored the game's first 13 points. Grayson County's Raegan Cave hit 1-of-2 free throws with 1:21 left in the opening period to get her team on the board. Breck led 17-3 heading into the second period.
Breck opened the second quarter with a 6-2 run that saw the Lady Tigers holding their largest lead of the first half, 18 points at 23-5. Grayson County trailed by 17 points, 30-13 at the halftime intermission.
The Lady Cougars started the third quarter with a 7-1 run that narrowed the deficit to 11 points, 31-20 with 3:28 left in the period.
Mattie Clark scored back-to-back baskets that closed the gap even further, nine points at 33-24 with 1:26 remaining, but that would be as close as they would get the rest of the way.
Grimes closed out the third quarter with a lay-up to make it 35-24, then scored the first four points of the final period to increase the Breck lead to 17 points, 41-24, and they cruised to the win.
Clark led the Lady Cougars with 14 points and she added six rebounds and two steals. Cave finished with eight points and she led the Lady Cougars on the boards with seven rebounds. Hayley Poole came off the bench to score four points, and she added two rebounds and four steals.
Riley Parks and Shaylee Collins both scored two points, and Collins added five rebounds. Annie Kiper closed out the scoring with one point and she led the team with five steals.
Eighth-Grade Game
Ella Robinson opened the scoring with a three-pointer at the 4:55 mark to put her team in front. That would turn out to be the only lead the Lady Cougars would hold as Breck answered with 12 straight points to lead 12-3 with under a minute left in the first period. Brianna Dennis hit a 15-footer with 23 seconds left to make the score 12-5 heading into the second period.
An 8-2 Lady Tiger run at the start of the second quarter pushed their lead to 13 points, 20-7 at the 3:00 mark. Grayson County came back to close out the period on a 6-2 run to trail by just nine points, 22-13 at the half.
When Rachael Snyder opened the third period with a steal and a lay-in at the 5:46 mark, the Lady Cougars trailed by only seven points, 22-15. But Breck responded by scoring eight unanswered points to increase their lead to 15 points, 30-15 with 3:09 left in the period.
Sunni Beth Finley's 10-footer with 14 seconds remaining cut the Breck lead to 10 points, 32-22, but Grimes scored on a lay-up with two seconds left to make it a 12-point game, 34-22 at the start of the fourth quarter.
Breck then put the game away by scoring the first seven points to lead by 19 points, 41-22 with 4:09 left to play and Grayson County was never closer than 16 points the rest of the way.
Snyder led the Lady Cougars in scoring with seven points and she added three rebounds and three steals. Gracie Franklin came off the bench to score six points and lead the team with nine rebounds.
Dennis and Cave both finished with four points and both added four rebounds. Finley and Bailey Richardson both scored two points to complete the scoring and Richardson added three rebounds and two steals.
Reach Don Brown at 259-9622, ext. 2016.


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A Saharanpur (UP) resident, his wife, son and a friend met a tragic end as their WagonR LPG hatchback caught fire after a blast that was triggered by a collision with a tree near Simpla village, on the Mullana-Barara road, in the early hours of Thursday.
Gurudutt Singla, 24, was behind the wheel, while his father Vijay Singla, 57, mother Anita Singla, 52, and family friend Amit Pandit, 23, were with him, driving back to Saharanpur after attending a wedding at Pinjore, said Mullana police station house officer (SHO) Randhir Singh.
Locals residing nearby said it was around 2.30am when the car struck a roadside tree, after which there was a loud noise and the vehicle was in flames. By the time people reached the spot, three occupants had been charred to death while the driver succumbed after a brief struggle. A police patrol in the area reached the spot.
It appeared the driver had taken a wrong turn and reached Shahbad before turning back, and was headed towards the Ambala-Yamunanagar road when the mishap occurred. A visiting card of Yamunanagar advocate Narinder Pal was found in the car, and he told the cops that Vijay was working for him as a clerk.
After post-mortem examination at MM Medical College, Mullana, the bodies were handed over to the victim's relatives.