text:
Monday, November 12, 2007
Kirschner, Sweller, Clark (2006) - Summary
Discovery, Problem-Based, Experiential, and Inquiry-Based Teaching.
Through this analysis, the weaknesses of the paper become very clear (I couldn't resist a few leading comments in the text) though I will provide the full account of these in a later post.
Overview of the Debate
The debate:
On one side of this argument are those advocating the hypothesis that people learn best in an unguided or minimally guided environment, generally defined as one in which learners, rather than being presented with essential information, must discover or construct essential information for themselves(e.g., Bruner, 1961; Papert, 1980; Steffe& Gale,1995).
On the other side are those suggesting that novice learners should be provided with direct instructional guidance on the concepts and procedures required by a particular discipline and should not be left to discover those procedures by themselves.
The 'minimally guided approach' has been called:
- discovery learning (Anthony 1973, Bruner 1961)
- problem-based learning (Barrows & Tamblyn 1980, Schmidt 1983)
- inquiry learning (Papert 1980, Rutherford 1964)
- experiental learning (Kolb & Fry 1975, Boud, Keogh & Walker 1895)
- constructivist (Jonassen 1991, Steffe & Gale 1995)
Two main assumptions underlying these theories:
1. "They challenge students to solve "authentic" problems or acquire knowledge in information-rich settings based on the assumption that having learners construct their own solutions leads to the most effective learning experience."
2. "They appear to assume that knowledge can best be acquired through experience based on the procedures of the discipline."
- minimal guidence is provided on process- or task-relevant information if students choose to use it
- "imply that instructional guidance... interferes with the natural processes by with learners draw on their unique prior experience and learning styles to construct new situated knowledge to achieve their goals..."
Human Cognitive Architecture - The Main Argument
(a) the argument
"Any instructional procedure that ignores the structures that constitute human cognitive architecture is not likely to be effective."
"Minimally guided instruction appears to proceed with no reference to the characateristics of [human cognitive architecture]"
- characateristics of [human cognitive architecture] = characteristics of working memory, long-term memory and the relations between them
Minimally guided instruction is unlikely to result in effective learning
(b) the explanation
The result is a series of recommendations educators find impossible to implement, are reluctant to implement, because inimally guided instruction is unlikely to result in effective learning.
Human Cognitive Architecture - The Theory
- concerned with the manner in how our cognitive structures are organized
- based on Atkison & Shiffrin 1968:
- sensory, short-term (STM) and long-term memory (LTM)
- senory memory not relevant here
- relations between STM and LTM are critical to the argument
- not just passive, discrete fragments that we repeat, nor does it have only a peripheral role in thinking, problem-solving
- central role in cognition - everything we see, hear and thinks about depends on it
The nature of LTM:
- "our LTM incorporates a massive knowledge base"
- "we are skillful in an area because our long-term memory contains huge amounts of information concerning the area"
---> evidence: DeGroot 1965 work on chess expertise - experts better able to reproduce board configurations
---> experts derive their skill by (a) drawing on LTM (b) selecting and applying best procedure
Consequences of LTM:
- the architecture of LTM provides us with the "ultimate justification for instruction"
- "The aim of all instruction is to alter long-term memory"
- "If nothing has been changed in LTM, nothing has been learned"
- "any instructional that:
- does not or cannot specify what has been changed in long-term meory,
- or does not increase the efficiency with which information is stored in or retrieved from LTM
is likely to be ineffective."
Working Memory
- Working Memory (STM) is the cognitive structure in which conscious procssing occurs, ie., we are only conscious of information being processed in STM
Two well-known characteristics:
1. Limited duration and capacity
- Peterson and Peterson 1959 - information is lost in 30 seconds
2. Restricted to a small number of element
- Miller 1956 - working memory restricted to 7 elements
Interactions with LTM may be more important than processing restructions
- Sweller 2003, 2004 - these limitations may apply only to new, unlearned information that has not yet been stored in LTM
- when dealing with previously learned info, the limitations disappear
- no known limits to how much such info can be transferred from STM to LTM
Origins of Constructivism, et.al.
Steffe & Gale 1995:
Knowledge is constructed by learners, and thus
(a) learners need to have the opportuniy to construct
- by being presented with goals, minimal insruction
(b) learning is idiosyncratic
- so a common instructive strategy is unlikely to be effective
---> This is accuate but the instructional consequences do not follow.
- when given adequate information, most learners can construct knowledge
- no evidence that when given partial information that this ability *improves*
- indeed, the reverse appears to be true
Learners must construct a representation whether or not given
complete or partial information
- complete information will result in a more accurate rep.
Thus, constructivism does not lead to a prescriptive instructional
design theory.
---> Shift of emphasis away form teahing a discipline as a body of knowledge
- instead, an emphasis on learning a discipline by experiencing the process and procedures of the discipline
- assumption that knowledge is best or only learned through experience primarily based on the procedures of the discipline
- leads to a committment to extensive pratcical or project work
- rejection of instruction "based on the facts, l;aws, principles and theories that make up a discipline's content" and discovery and inquiry methods of instruction
"fundamental error to assume that:
- pedagogical content of the learning experience
- methods and processes (ie., epistemology) of a discipline
are identical."
---> Shulman 1986 :
"Content knowledge"
= "the amount and organization of the knowldge per se in the mind of the teacher"
"Pedagogical Content Knowledge"
= knowledge "which goes beyond knowledge of subject matter per se to the dimension of subject knowledge for teaching"
"Curricular Knowledge"
= "the pharmacopoeia from which the teacher draws those tools of teaching or exemplifying particular content"
Despite this clear distinction between learning a discipline and practicing a discipline, many seem to confuse:
- the teaching of a discipline *as* enquiry
(ie., curricular empasis on the research process in a science)
- the teaching of a discipline *by* enquiry
(ie., using the reasearch procss o a discipline as a pedagoy for learning)
Basis for this may be Hurd 1969 - the "rationale of the scientist"
- instruction in a science "should be a mirror image of a science discipline, with regard to both its conceptual structure and its patterns of enquiry"
- this rationale assumes "the attainment of certain attitudes, the fostering of interest in science, the acquisition of laboratory skills..." will be accomplished through the methodology of science (ie., inductively)
- the *fallacy* of this rationale that it makes no distinction between:
a) behaviours and methods of a researcher who is an expert, and
b) behaviours and methods of a student who is a novice
- Kyle 1980 - science is a performance activity after a person has acquired a broad range of skills, and not to be equated with the investigative methods of science-tecahing
- Novak 1988 - science learning as inquiry failed as a result of obsolete epistemology
Comparing Guided and Unguided Instruction
"Controlled experiments almost uniformly indicate that when dealing with novel information, learners should be explicitly shown what to do and how to do it."
- empirical studies - solid research base against the use of minimally guided instruction - see Mayer 2004 for a review
- he suggests that each decade, after research shows the approach won't work, the same approach, under a new name, is proposed
- each new set of advocates unaware or uninterested in previous results
(SD: if you are telling people what to do, then the best approach is to tell them what to do.)
Research Supporting Direct Guidance
Because students learn so little from constructivist approaches, most teachers turn to direct guidance.
- see. eg. Aulls 2002 - describes 'scaffolding' as teachers implement constructivism in the classroom
(a) by modeling procedures for identifying and checking important info
(b) showing students how to reduce info to paraphrases
(c) having students use notes to construct
(d) promoting collaborative dialogue
- other studies showing that when students learn science with pure discovery methods, they become lost and frustrated
- Moreno 2004 - students learn more deeply from strongly guided instruction than discovery
- Klahr and Nigam - quality of leaning better with direct instruction
A. Cognitive Load
"Cognitive load theory suggests that the free exploration of a highly complex environment may generate a heavy working memory load that is detrimental to learning."
- especially in the case of novice learners
- more knowledgabl learners did not experience a negative effect
Mayer 2001 - "guided instruction not only produced more immediate recall of facts than unguided approaches, but also longer term transfer and problem-solving skills."
B. Worked Examples
A worked example = "the epitome of strongly guided instruction"
"Discovering the solution to a problem in an information-rich environment" = "the epitome of minimally guided discovery learning."
"The worked example effect"
- based on cognitive load theory
- occurs when learners perform worse than learners who study the worked problems
see Sweller & Cooper 1985, Cooper & Sweller 1987
- algebra problems
Why? Explained by cognitive load theory:
- solving a problm requirs a problem-solving search
- search must occur using STM
- problem-solving search is inefficient because its function is to find a solution, not to alter LTM
- problem-olving search can occur with no learning at all
- problem-solving serach "overburdens limited working memory resourcs to be used for activities that are unrelated to learning"
By contrast, studying a worked example reduced memory load
- because no search is required
- attention is directedx to learning "the essential relations between problem-solving moves"
"Students learn to recognize which moves are required for particular problems, the basis for the acquisition of problem-solving schemas"
Conditions under with the 'Worked Example Effect' is not obtainable:
1. when worked examples themselves produce a heaviy cognitive load
2. as learners' expertise increases - the "expertise reversal effect"
C. Process Worksheets
---> "description of the phases one should go through when solving a problem as well as hints or rules of thumb..."
- Nadolski, Kirschner, and van Merriënboer 2005, with law students
Research on Minimal Guidance
A. Experiential learning at Work - Kolb 1971, Kolb & Fry 1975
i. person carrys out action, sees effect
ii. understand those effects, to anticipate what would follow
iii. understand the general principle
--> they also hypothesized learning styles
Attempts to validate experiential learning and learning styles "appear not to have been completely successful"
- Iliff 1994 - correlations were low, effect sizes were weak
- Ruble and Stout 1993 - low test-retest reliability
- Roblyer 1996 and Perkins 1991 - guidance necessary
B. Individual Differences
- "apptitude treatment interaction" (ATI) studies
- "Much of this work provides a clear antecedent to the expertise reversal effect"
- ATI findings (Cronbach and Snow 1977)
: strong treatment benefited less able learners
- the now-recognized "scaffolding effect"
- "strong treatments" = "explicit organization of information and learning support were provided"
C. Knowing Less After Instruction
- Clark 1989 on ATI studies - lower aptitude students with unguided instruction got significantly lower scores on posttest
- "Failure to provide strong learning support for less experienced or less able students could actually produce a measurable loss of learning"
- "even worse", students "tend to like the experience"
- higher apptitude students "didn't suffer" from guidance
- "These (guided) strategies require explicit, attention-driven effort on the pafrt of learners and so tend not to be liked"
D. Science Learning from Unguided Instruction
- Klahr and Nigam - advantages of direct instruction in the sciences
- "There is a wealth of such evidence" - various studies cited
- "These reports were prepared, in part, because of the poor state of science and mathematics education in the United States"
(SD: this would be the same environment where teachers 'cheat' on constructivism and offer direct instriuction, hm?)
- tecahers have found discovery learning is successful "only when students have prerequiite knowledge and undergo some prior structured experiences."
E. Medical Problem-Based Research
"A lack of clarity about the different between learning a discipline and research in a discipline coupled with the priority afforded to unbiased observation in the best inductivist and empiricist tradition has led many educators to advocate a problem-based method..."
- meshed with ideas in the philosophy of science
- fit well with progressive learer-centered views
cawthron and Rowell 1978 - "It all seemed to fit. The logic of knowledge and the psychology of knowledge coalesced under the umbrella term discovery." - why should educators look further than the traditional inductivist and empirical explanation?
- 60 medical schools have adopted PBL in the last two decades
- best-known survy comparing PBL with conventional: Albanese and Mitchell 1993 - lower basic scienc exam scores, no difference in residency selections, more study hours each day - "Although PBL students receive better scores for their clinical performance, they also order significantly more unnecessary tests at a much higher cost per patient with less benefit"
- Colliver 2000 - "PBL studies show no statistical on the performance of medical students... during the first 2 years of medical school"
- PBL is not more effective, but more costly
Two major components of PBL:
a) explicit teaching of problem-solving strategies in the form of the HD-Method (Barrows & Tamblyn 1980)
b) teaching of basic content in the context of a specific case or instance
- proponents argue that students taught this way learn more meaningfully
- "it is assumed" that
i. because students are exposed to the problems from the beginning, they have more opportunity to practice those skills
ii. and that by explicitly applying the HD method they larn to analyze problms and search for explanations
- But: Patel and Groen - the HD method may not be the most appropriate way to solve problems
Patel, Groen, Norman: when you teach basic science in a clinical setting, students have difficulty separating it from the particular clinical problems into which it has been integrated (ie., students generalize badly) - this appears to persist after training
"Experts use schema-based pattern recognition to determine the cause of a patient's illness."
- Elstein 1994 - "knowledge organization and schema acquisition are more important for the development of expertise than the use of particular methods of problem solving."
- "cognitive research has shown that to achieve expertise in a domain, learners must acquire the necessary schemata..."
Arocha and Patel (1995) concluded that the negative results can be accounted for by the splitting of attention resources and the high working memory load on schema acquisition during problem solving"
- multiple hypothesis occupy working memory
- the failure based on use of HD reasoning
"The practice of a profession is not the same as learning to practice the profession."
(SD: you say that the learning fails because it uses the HD method... but hyou just say that the experts use schemas... in other words, the learning was DIFFERENT from the practise... AND THAT IS WHY IT FAILED!!!)
- after a half-century of advocacy of minimal guided learning, it appears there is no body of research supporting the technique
- insofar as there is any evidence, "it almost uniformly supports direct, strong instructional guidance rather than constructivist-based minimal guidance"
- not only is unguided instruction less effective, it may produce negative results
Origins for support found in post-Sputnik curriculum reforms
- educators shifted away from teaching a discipline as a body of knowledge
- toward the assumption that knowledge can best or only be learned through experience (that is based on the procedures of the discipline)
- has led to unguided practical or project work, rejection of instruction based "on the facts, laws, principls, and theories gthat make up a discipline's content"
However "it may be an error to assume that the pedagogical conten t of the learning experience is identical to the methods and procdesses (ie., the epistenology) of the discipline being studied..."
"... and a mistake to assume that instruction should exclusively focus on application."
"Why do outstanding scientists who demand rigorous proof for scientific assertions in their research continue to use... teaching methods that are not the most effective?" - handelsman, et.al. 2004
Agree with Mayer's 2004 recommendation that we "move educational reform efforts from the fuzzy and unproductive world of ideology..."
7 comments:
- Seb SchmollerMonday, November 12, 2007
looks like working replacement for the dead link at the top of the post, Stephen.
Bruner says, "How one conceives of education, we have finally come to recognize, is a function of how one conceives of culture and its aims, professed and otherwise."ReplyDelete
The conceptualization of education implicit in the KSC article appears to me to be very very narrow.
Bruner also says, "The teaching and learning of structure, rather than simply the mastery of facts and techniques, is at the center of the classic problem of transfer... If earlier learning is to render later learning easier, it must do so by providing a general picture in terms of which the relations between things encountered earlier and later are made as clear as possible."
The implications of this single sentence, most notably that there is a role for "teaching," appears to elude the summary if not the understanding presented by KSC.
These two quotes illustrate that K,S, & C have deeply misunderstood Bruner. Similarly, they also fail to adequately and fairly summarize the others they have conflated into a single category and then further reduced into their category of "minimal guidance." In simple terms, "strategic guidance" or "contextualized guidance" might have been more appropriate characterizations of some aspects of the theorists and researchers they have clumped into straw men. Their characterization of learning is similarly constrained. Their review of the information processing literature they rely on is also reductive.
I would venture to say that in their own learning, they have been , well, misguided.
There is no real debate here to sink one's teeth into.
Strawmen indeed! Perhaps the most contentious aspect is on the first page, where discovery learning, PBL, inquiry learning, experiential learning and constructivist learning are lumped gaily together under the term "minimally guided". Leaving aside the fact that constructivist learning, as they call it, is of a different order than the others (and they seem to have left out a few -!!- of the seminal constructivist authors, whose work they could address), the arguments for the similarity between these approaches are highly selective, and differences between them are conveniently ignored. It is questionable to argue that any of these approaches involves "minimal" guidance. (The conflation of "instruction" and "guidance" in their terminology is itself "interesting")ReplyDelete
Shulman is quoted, briefly, (elsewhere he emphasises the importance of avoiding an "overly technical image of teaching, a scientific exercise that has lost its soul" !!). The concept of pedagogic content knowledge is glossed over in order to allow it to support their thesis; more detailed discussion would reveal that it is arguably a concept that would support a diversity of pedagogical approaches. Such as for example the diversity these authors collapse into one in their second paragraph!!!
Stephen, my thought is that constructivism and instructivism are different "world views" that will never be persuaded by each other's data.ReplyDelete
Each side perceives the other side as dodging the question.
An example might be students exploring a museum freely and discovering their own learnings.
If an instructivist said, "On a test at the end, those students did worse than students who were given direct instruction," a constructivist would be unimpressed.
Conversely, if a constructivist said, "In a discussion at the end, those students' comments indicated appreciation, application, and synthesis," an instructivist would probably be skeptical that two independent observers would code the comments the same way.
Tom Werner
Tom, you are still buying into a definition of constructivism that is not accurate. KS&C have conflated informal learning with constructivism. There is no reason that the theory of constructivism cannot be applied to formal learning in a very rigorously "guided" and "tested" environment--though I think you are correct that a deeper understanding of the theory would recognize and respond to the extreme limits of formal testing as a useful way to measure learning. But a constructivist is also likely to advocate very mindful ways to structure a learner's experience cognizant of those learners' background knowledge.ReplyDelete
- AnonymousMonday, March 03, 2008
PBL is NOT an example of minimally guided instruction. Be sure to read Schmidt, Loyens, van Gog and Paas (2007) and Hmelo-Silver, Duncan and Chinn (2007) for a deconstruction of Kirschner et al.ReplyDelete
Gary, good point that I sloppily described constructivism as 'students wandering freely around a museum and creating their own learning.'ReplyDelete
But my point is that I do not think that a constructivist would be persuaded to drop constructivism and adopt instructivism if an experiment comparing the two approaches showed better test results for the instructivist approach.
That's because these are philosophies or world-views.
In practice a constructivist and an instructivist would design and test a visit to a museum differently because they fundamentally believe different things about learning.


text:
Happy Thanksgiving to Everyone!
It is going to be inthe 60's in Denver today and Greg and I are having a
cozy dinner together. We should be hungry after a short hike and a
session of wood chopping.
-----Original Message-----
>From: Pam Evans <firstname.lastname@example.com>
>Sent: Nov 24, 2011 7:56 AM
>To: firstname.lastname@example.com
>Subject: Re: [CHAT] 2012 Seed Catalogs
>They don't like Waldorf salad? I used to love that stuff.
>On Thu, Nov 24, 2011 at 8:43 AM, Zemuly <email@example.com> wrote:
>> Ambrosia was always on our Mississippi menu. Sadly, my children and
>> grands do not like it. They don't like Waldorf salad, either. :-(
>> Sent from my iPhone
>> On Nov 24, 2011, at 8:29 AM, email@example.com wrote:
>> > I don't do big Thanksgiving dinners any more - no one left to do them
>> > for since all the sons and extended family have moved so far away.
>> > We have been invited to join our neighbors, so I am taking a big bowl
>> > of ambrosia - an old southern treat that they don't seem to be familiar
>> > with. They may not like it, but it has always been part of our
>> traditional
>> > Thanksgiving.
>> >
>> > Here's hoping all of you will have a great Thanksgiving this year. Good
>> > friends are at the top of my list of things to be thankful for.
>> >
>> > Auralie
>> >
>> > In a message dated 11/24/2011 9:01:26 AM Eastern Standard Time,
>> > email@example.com writes:
>> >
>> >> It's sad to read of the post office closures.
>> >> Glad to hear that you're doing well Gene,
>> >> Happy Thanksgiving to all of you. I have dinner rolls rising as I
>> > type, soon to be crescent rolls or butterflake rolls, or maybe both.
>> >
>> >> I'm thinking a flan instead of pie this year
>> >> Judy B
>> >
>> > ---------------------------------------------------------------------
>> > To sign-off this list, send email to firstname.lastname@example.com with the
>> > message text UNSUBSCRIBE GARDENCHAT
>> ---------------------------------------------------------------------
>> To sign-off this list, send email to firstname.lastname@example.com with the
>> message text UNSUBSCRIBE GARDENCHAT
>Pam Evans
>Kemp TX
>zone 8A
>To sign-off this list, send email to firstname.lastname@example.com with the
>message text UNSUBSCRIBE GARDENCHAT
To sign-off this list, send email to firstname.lastname@example.com with the
message text UNSUBSCRIBE GARDENCHAT

subset: commoncrawl


text: BRISBANE, Calif., May 21, 2012 /PRNewswire/ -- InterMune, Inc. (NASDAQ: ITMN) today announced that it has reached a definitive agreement with Vidara Therapeutics International Limited (Vidara) to sell its rights to Actimmune® (interferon gamma-1b) in a cash transaction valued at $55 million plus a two-year royalty stream. Vidara is part of an international specialty pharmaceutical group of companies with operations in Ireland and the United States. Dan Welch, Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and President of InterMune said, "Several years ago, we stopped investigating new uses for Actimmune and it became a tactical financial asset for InterMune. The divesture of Actimmune will provide additional capital for InterMune to continue to focus on and invest in the registration and commercialization of Esbriet® (pirfenidone) in Europe and elsewhere and to continue to advance our R&D programs. The cash infusion from this transaction combined with $377.2 million of existing cash and cash equivalents at the end of Q1 2012 will provide additional financial resources to execute our Vision 2015 strategic plan." The transaction with Vidara is expected to close during the second quarter of 2012, subject to satisfaction of certain closing conditions. Locust Walk Partners LLC is acting as exclusive financial advisor to InterMune in connection with the transaction. About Actimmune®Actimmune is a synthesized version of interferon gamma, a naturally occurring protein believed to stimulate the immune system. Actimmune is indicated for the treatment of two life-threatening congenital diseases: chronic granulomatous disease and severe, malignant osteopetrosis. The most common side effects are flu-like symptoms, including headache, fatigue, fever, chills and rash. Physicians and patients can obtain additional prescribing information regarding Actimmune, including the product's safety profile, by visiting www.actimmune.com. About InterMuneInterMune is a biotechnology company focused on the research, development and commercialization of innovative therapies in pulmonology and orphan fibrotic diseases. In pulmonology, we are focused on therapies for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), a progressive and fatal lung disease. Pirfenidone, the only medicine approved for IPF anywhere in the world, is approved for marketing by InterMune in the EU as Esbriet® and is currently in a Phase 3 clinical trial to support regulatory registration in the United States. InterMune's research programs are focused on the discovery of targeted, small-molecule therapeutics and biomarkers to treat and monitor serious pulmonary and fibrotic diseases. For additional information about InterMune and its R&D pipeline, please visit www.intermune.com. Forward-Looking Statements This news release contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, that reflect InterMune's judgment and involve risks and uncertainties as of the date of this release, including without limitation the statements related to our expectations of the uses of the capital from the divesture of Actimmune for investing in the registration and commercialization of Esbriet and the cash infusion to execute our Vision 2015 strategic plan.


text:
It only takes a minute to get started. Fill out our uncomplicated sign up form and login to the website.
This step is noncompulsory but will drastically raise your chances of getting interest from other over 50s members on the site. Write a little about yourself, your hobbies and upload a nice photograph of yourself.
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Discovered someone who looks like a good match? Send an email to them or just a wink and wait for their response. With a little luck you'll be on your way to locating your soulmate.
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text:
How to Unlock Knuckles in the Genie Codes for "Sonic 3 & Knuckles"?
In 1994, Sega released "Sonic & Knuckles," a game that featured a revolutionary lock-on technology. The first three installments of "Sonic the Hedgehog" could be inserted into the top of the "Sonic...
Read More »
How old is knuckles the hegehog?
16 yrs old n fyi hes an echidna NOT a hedgehog like Sonic or Shadow or Amy...SxR-silver *wink* ; )
Is cracking knuckles bad for you?
There's been no proof of it causing arthritis. Basically what we know about it so far is if you do it occasionally its not a bad thing, but if you do it too much it can start to wear at your tendon...
Read More »
Cracking knuckles, etc?
Cracking your knuckles will likely not cause arthritis. There is no evidence that it will. But there are dangers to knuckle cracking. You can sprain your joints if you are not careful. It is very r...
Read More »
Cracking knuckles?
Cracking your knuckles has no detrimental effects whatsoever. This has been been the subject of scientific study. Knuckle cracking is absolutely innocuous.


text:
Just Ten Things
I remember when I first met you,
I knew almost nothing,
None of your secrets,
None of the things you find joy in.
The things I find about you
Unfold like flowers.
Day by day,
I learn something new.
The way you joke
About the fact you're allergic to dogs.
And the way you try in sneak into the conversation,
Problems like your colour-blindness.
The fact that
You're short sighted,
But less so than me,
And how you often mock me.
I've learnt that you enjoy,
Odd fashion
And brightly coloured-ties,
And many pocket handkerchiefs.
I love the way you say,
Off-hand sometimes
(As you have a way of being so random
Just like me. Another reason I am so drawn to you)
About your family
Your two nephews and two young nieces
That your sister has thirty-seven years of her life gone.
And the way your hair
Used to be as curled as mine.
I see
The way you care for your friends,
If they're hurt,
You give them support.
And the way you ask
Nothing more of your female friends,
As you would do for me.
Even if I do not wish it.
I can now notice
When you have a fake smile.
Or if you are talking about one of your other friends,
If something happens that you won't tell me about.
Four years on,
I feel we have moved further together.
Yet rules keep us apart.
And so things are still distant,
But at least I know,
At least I know from you,
Just a simple ten things.


text:
A novel method to quantify local CpG methylation density by regional methylation elongation assay on microarray
DNA methylation based techniques are important tools in both clinical diagnostics and therapeutics. But most of these methods only analyze a few CpG sites in a target region. Indeed, difference of site-specific methylation may also lead to a change of methylation density in many cases, and it has been found that the density of methylation is more important than methylation of single CpG site for gene silencing.
We have developed a novel approach for quantitative analysis of CpG methylation density on the basis of microarray-based hybridization and incorporation of Cy5-dCTP into the Cy3 labeled target DNA by using Taq DNA Polymerase on microarray. The quantification is achieved by measuring Cy5/Cy3 signal ratio which is proportional to methylation density. This methylation-sensitive technique, termed RMEAM (regional methylation elongation assay on microarray), provides several advantages over existing methods used for methylation analysis. It can determine an exact methylation density of the given region, and has potential of high throughput. We demonstrate a use of this method in determining the methylation density of the promoter region of the tumor-related gene
This technique allows for quantitative analysis of regional methylation density, which is the representative of all allelic methylation patterns in the sample. The results show that this technique has the characteristics of simplicity, rapidness, specificity and high-throughput.
In the human genome, GC-rich DNA sequences are found frequently within the promoter and first exon of ~50% of all genes
The present techniques commonly used for the methylation analysis are based on the bisulfite modification of the genomic DNA. Since sodium bisulfite treatment exclusively converts unmethylated cytosine to uracil under appropriate conditions
Microarrays provide the powerful tools for mapping the epigenome and detecting patterns of DNA methylation in the genome level
Here, we describe a novel technique for the quantification of CpG methylation density of a given DNA region, which combines microarray-based hybridization and enzymatic elongation on microarray. The quantification is achieved by measuring Cy5/Cy3 signal ratio which is proportional to methylation density. In contrast to the other protocols, this method determines the methylation density of the entire amplified region, not only of a few CpG sites or those CpG dinucleotides that are covered by PCR primers/probes. The results show that this technique allows for the quantitative analysis of regional methylation density with simplicity, rapidness, specificity and high-throughput.
Principle of the method
Figure 1
Outline for the analysis of gene promoter methylation density
Outline for the analysis of gene promoter methylation density.
Optimization of assay conditions for the
We determined the feasibility of this RMEAM strategy by assessing the methylation density of CpG islands located in the promoter regions of
Figure 2
A: Fully-methylated sequences of the 5' untranslated region of the positive control (fully-methylated APC allele from clone),
A: Fully-methylated sequences of the 5' untranslated region of the positive control (fully-methylated APC allele from clone),
Figure 3
A: Fully methylated and unmethylated DNA were mixed (0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, 100%) and hybridized to microarray
A: Fully methylated and unmethylated DNA were mixed (0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, 100%) and hybridized to microarray. The Cy3 green and Cy5 red fluorescence signals of
To evaluate the sensitivity and quantitative accuracy of our assay as well as determining any possible PCR bias
Verification of RMEAM findings by bisulfite sequencing
In order to validate the accuracy of the RMEAM approach, we analyzed the
Figure 4
When we compared our RMEAM results with succedent bisulfite sequencing data, a high concordance between both methods was found. Figure
Figure 5
A: Representative sequencing data of patient No.17 was shown. Red circle indicates the methylated CpG site
A: Representative sequencing data of patient No.17 was shown. Red circle indicates the methylated CpG site. 7 clones or less per gene in each patient sample were sequenced. B: Correlations between bisulfite sequencing results and methylation density data of the
We developed a novel approach for quantitative analysis of CpG methylation density on the basis of microarray-based hybridization and incorporation of Cy5-dCTP into the Cy3 labeled target DNAs by using Taq DNA Polymerase on microarray. This method provides several advantages over existing methods for quantitative methylation analysis. Firstly, it has potential for high-throughput analysis of DNA methylation profiles. CpG island hypermethylation has been reported to be linked to the silencing of many cancer-related genes. A DNA microarray can be designed and generated to contain a large amount of oligonucleotide probes capturing specifically target genes. Cancer-related genes can be parallelly amplified from investigated samples in a 96-well format or with multiple PCR, which can generate multiple target genes for hybridization and detection. Secondly, RMEAM can determine the methylation density of all CpG dinucleotides within the entire amplified region other than individual CpG sites. In the case of the
One possible limitation of our method is that it is not suitable for a detailed characterization of the pattern of DNA or the determination of methylation status of individual CpG sites. However, since difference of site-specific methylation may also lead to a change of methylation density in many tumor-related genes, It has been indicated that the methylation density of promoter CpG islands is more important than methylation occurred at a specific single CpG site for gene silencing
One of the potential applications of RMEAM approach is to examine the changes in methylation patterns following treatment with demethylating drugs
We described a novel approach for quantitative analysis of CpG methylation density on the basis of microarray-based hybridization and incorporation of Cy5-dCTP into the Cy3 labeled target DNA by using Taq DNA Polymerase on microarray. Our results showed that this RMEAM technique allows for the quantitative analysis of regional methylation density with simplicity, rapidness, specificity and high-throughput.
Patients and DNA extraction
Informed written consent was obtained from all patients and donors, and tissue collection was approved by each Institutional Review Board. The samples of primary tumor tissues were collected from colorectal carcinoma patients (n = 18) during surgery at Gulou Hospital and Zhongda Hospital (Nanjing, China). All tissue samples were fresh-frozen and stored at -80°C until further processing. Genomic DNA was extracted from tissues by digesting with proteinase K (0.5 mg/ml) in 10 mM TE (pH 8.0) buffer and 0.5% SDS at 48°C overnight, followed by a standard phenol/chloroform (1:1) extraction and precipitated with ethanol in a standard fashion.
Bisulfite modification of genomic DNA
Bisulfite treatment was carried out following the modified
Preparation of the positive and negative clones
Placental DNA treated
Fabrication and hybridization of microarray
Five probes (18–20 nucleotides in length, Fig.
Elongation on microarray
After hybridization, the slide was rinsed and washed at room temperature with 2 × SSC-0.1% SDS for 10 min, 0.1 × SSC-0.1% SDS for 5 min, water for 5 min, and then dried by flowing nitrogen. Then 15 μL elongation system was applied to the hybridization region with a cover slip. The elongation system contained 1 × PCR buffer, 2.5 mM Mg2+, dNTPs (20 μM dGTP, 20 μM dATP, 20 μM dTTP, 0.2 μM dCTP, 0.2 μM Cy5-dCTP), and 1.5 IU Taq DNA Polymerase (TaKaRa). The incubation procedure was 42°C 10 min, 55°C 5 min, and 72°C 3 min. Subsequently, the slide was washed with 2 × SSC-0.5% SDS and dried, and it was ready to be scanned.
Image scanning and data processing
These microarray slides were scanned with ScanArray Lite microarray analysis systems (A Packard BioScience Company, USA). The fluorescence images were analyzed with GenePix Pro3.0 software. Each spot was defined by the positioning of a grid of circles over the array image. For each fluorescent image, the average pixel intensity within each circle was determined and a local background using mean pixel intensity was computed for each spot. Net signal was determined by subtraction of this local background from the mean average intensity for each spot and the nospecific influence of cross-hybridization from negative control. Signal intensities of individual spots were obtained and exported to Excel spreadsheets for further analysis. The intensity ratio of Cy5/Cy3 for each probe set was then obtained.
Authors' contributions
DZ and ZL designed the study and wrote the manuscript, YW performed the fabrication of microarray and microarray hybridization, YB and QG provided the positive and negative clones of
This work was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Project 60121101, 60701008), the Hi-Tech Research and Development Program of China (Project 2006AA020702), and the National Basic Research and Development Program (973 Program) of China (Grant No. 2006CB705602-9).
Number of CpG islands and genes in human and mouse
DNA methylation, chromatin inheritance, and cancer
The role of DNA methylation in mammalian epigenetics
DNA hypermethylation in tumorigenesis: epigenetics joins genetics
Cancer epigenetics comes of age
Prognostic importance of promoter hypermethylation of multiple genes in esophageal adenocarcinoma
Multiplexed profiling of candidate genes for CpG island methylation status using a flexible PCR/LDR/Universal Array assay
A DNA methylation pattern similar to normal tissue is associated with better prognosis in human cervical cancer
Reaction of sodium bisulfite with uracil, cytosine, and their derivatives
Methylation-specific PCR: a novel PCR assay for methylation status of CpG islands
A genomic sequencing protocol that yields a positive display of 5-methylcytosine residues in individual DNA strands
Enzymatic regional methylation assay: a novel method to quantify regional CpG methylation density
Methods for detecting DNA methylation in tumors: from bench to bedside
Quantitative high-throughput analysis of DNA methylation patterns by base-specific cleavage and mass spectrometry
De novo quantitative bisulfite sequencing using the pyrosequencing technology
The affinity of different MBD proteins for a specific methylated locus depends on their intrinsic binding properties
Engineering a high-affinity methyl-CpG-binding protein
Comparative study of methyl-CpG-binding domain proteins
Tumour class prediction and discovery by microarray-based DNA methylation analysis
Methylation-specific oligonucleotide microarray: a new potential for high-throughput methylation analysis
Genome-wide profiling of promoter methylation in human
A microarray-based method for detecting methylated loci
Methylation profiling of CpG islands in human breast cancer cells
Profiling DNA methylation patterns using genomic tiling microarrays
Detection and measurement of PCR bias in quantitative methylation analysis of bisulphite-treated DNA
DNA methylation analysis using bisulfite treatment and PCR-single-strand conformation polymorphism in colorectal cancer showing microsatellite instability
Methylation of CpG in a small region of the hMLH1 promoter invariably correlates with the absence of gene expression
p15(INK4B) CpG island methylation in primary acute leukemia is heterogeneous and suggests density as a critical factor for transcriptional silencing
Selective variegated methylation of the p15 CpG island in acute myeloid leukemia
Dependence of transcriptional repression on CpG methylation density
Hypermethylation of O-6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase promoter may predict nonrecurrence after chemotherapy in colorectal cancer cases
Differential distribution of DNA methylation within the RASSF1A CpG island in breast cancer
Progressive region-specific de novo methylation of the p16 CpG island in primary human mammary epithelial cell strains during escape from M(0) growth arrest
Changes in DNA methylation in neoplasia: pathophysiology and therapeutic implications
A bisulfite method of 5-methylcytosine mapping that minimizes template degradation
A methylation sensitive dot blot assay (MS-DBA) for the quantitative analysis of DNA methylation in clinical samples
Predicting lung cancer by detecting aberrant promoter methylation in sputum
Microarray-based DNA methylation profiling: technology and applications


text:
UConn Women Excel On Basketball Court
By JACK CAVANAUGH
Published: December 23, 1990
JUST a few years ago, the women's basketball team at the University of Connecticut usually played before a handful of spectators at the Storrs Fieldhouse.
"On weekday nights, there'd be about 75 people, most of them friends and family members of the players," recalled Barbara Kowal, the university's senior associate director of athletic communications. "When we played other Big East schools, like Pittsburgh or Providence, the crowds would be bigger, maybe about 200 fans. As for media coverage, it was usually The Willimantic Chronicle and then me reporting for anyone who was interested."
If the student newspaper sent a reporter, "it was a big fete," Ms. Kowal said. "The interest in women's basketball just wasn't there."
Now, however, the women's basketball team is emerging from the shadow of the nationally ranked men's team. The women, playing in a new arena, the Harry A. Gampel Pavilion, have won the regular-season Big East championship for the last two seasons. Upset Victory
Going into this afternoon's game against the University of Hartford, the team has a 6-2 record that includes a victory over Auburn, which was ranked second in the country before the UConn women won in an upset, 65-63, on Dec. 9 in Storrs. Both of the teams that have beaten UConn, Iowa and Purdue, were ranked among the nation's best.
Geno Auriemma has turned the UConn women's program around since becoming head coach in 1985. When Mr. Auriemma arrived from the University of Virginia, where he had been an assistant coach, UConn had enjoyed only one winning season in the team's 11-year history. But after a 12-15 record during his first year, Mr. Auriemma's UConn teams have had four consecurtive winning seasons and posted a 72-25 mark over the last three years and into the current season, while qualifying for the last two National Collegiate Athletic Association tournaments.
"What we did was go out and get some good players and then establish a winning attitude," the 36-year-old coach said in an interview. "And as we won more games, we attracted more and more better players."
In part because of the Huskymania that swept the Storrs campus as a result of the success of the men's team last season, attendance at the women's home games increased 146 percent last year to an average of 1,602. That was the best attendance in the Big East but a far cry from the 7,525 averaged by the University of Texas, which traditionally leads the nation in women's basketball. In their debut at the Gampel Pavilion, against Georgetown, the Lady Huskies drew 3,151 fans. A month later, they drew 4,137 fans, a Big East record, for the conference tournament final against Providence College.
So far this season, crowds have been smaller, averaging 662 in five home games. But they are expected to grow when the Big East season begins next month. Bigger Budget
"Even though the crowds have gotten bigger in recent years, people still have to be educated about women's basketball," Ms. Kowal said. "We drew only 873 to our game against Auburn on Dec. 9, but that was because the men's game against New Hampshire was being televised on campus at the same time.
"In men's basketball, fans know who Arizona is and go out to see them play. But most people around here don't know that Auburn was runner-up in the women's national championships the last three years."
As the Lady Huskies have improved, the team's budget has grown larger, enabling Mr. Auriemma to schedule games against distant opponents and to do more recruiting. Last season, the team made its longest road trip ever, to play in a tournament at Stanford University in California. And next season, the Huskies are scheduled to play in a tournament in Hawaii.
Like the men's version, women's Big East basketball is big time, with most players on full scholarship. Of the 14 UConn women, all but one, Pam Rothfuss, a 5-foot 7-inch junior from Coventry, R.I., have scholarships.
Even with 13 scholarships, though, Mr. Auriemma said he is at a competitive disadvantage, since he has only one full-time assistant along with one part-time coach and a student assistant, Kris Lamb of Richmond, Va., a starter the last four seasons. "Five of the eight schools in the Big East have at least two full-time assistants, and I'd like to have one more," Mr. Auriemma said.
Still, the UConn women are favored to win their third straight Big East title. That is largely because the Huskies are big (five players are taller than six feet), they lost only one starter from last year (Ms. Lamb), and Kerry Bascom, the center, is considered by many to be the best player in the Big East and one of the best in the nation. 'I'm Working On It'
Ms. Bascom, a senior from Epping, N.H., is UConn's all-time leading woman scorer and the Big East scoring leader for the last few seasons.
"Defense is the weakest part of my game, but I'm working on it," said Ms. Bascom, who was the goalie on a boys' varsity soccer team in high school.
"Kerry is in a class by herself in the Big East," Mr. Auriemma said. "She could score a lot more points and improve her chances of making All America, but we have such a well-balanced scoring team, that she sacrifices points for the good of the team."
Through this season's first eight games, Ms. Bascom, with a 19.4 average, is one of four Lady Huskies in double figures. The others are Laura Lishness, a senior guard from Bristol and co-captain with Ms. Bascom, who has hit on 50 of 87 shots for a remarkable .575 percentage; Wendy Davis, a junior guard from Birdsboro, Pa., who led the Big East in three-point percentage last season and is second this season after hitting 20 of 39 three-point shots, including five in a row against the University of Minnesota on Dec. 15, and Orly Grossman, a 22-year-old transfer student from Tel Aviv, who is averaging 13.3 points as the first player off the bench.
Ms. Grossman was preceded at UConn by another Israeli, Nadav Henefeld, who, during his one year at Storrs, was a key figure in the dream season for the men's team before returning home to play professionally.
Though he helped Ms. Grossman get a scholarship, Mr. Henefeld was not the reason she enrolled at Storrs, Ms. Grossman said. While a student at the University of Tel Aviv last year, she wrote to the women's basketball coaches at about 15 American colleges that offered programs in physical therapy." 'Instant Offense'
"When I got Orly's letter, I asked Nadav about her, and he said she was a very good player," Mr. Auriemma said. "Then I asked her to send me a tape, and I could see that she could play. And when she visited in May, we offered her a scholarship. She's a great girl and gives us instant offense when she's on the court."
Ms. Grossman, said she vividly remembers her first conversation with Mr. Auriemma.
"The phone woke me up about 2 o'clock in the morning," she said, "and the caller said: 'Hey, Orly, this is Nadav. The coach wants to talk to you.'
"After we talked, I was so exicited I couldn't sleep the rest of the night. But I didn't come here because of Nadav but because of the good physical-therapy program and the women's team.
"If anything, it was difficult coming here in a way, because I was afraid I would be compared to Nadav Henefeld."
Photo: Members of the University of Connecticut's women's basketball team during game against the University of Minnesota at Storrs (Ron Waters for the New York Times)


text: Only 1,641 feet to the Buyukada Ferry Port, Yali Butik Hotel offers free Wi-Fi and air-conditioned rooms with a satellite TV and minibar. The elegantly decorated, non-smoking rooms at Butik Hotel Yali come with a seating area. A private bathroom with amenities and hairdryer is standard. Some deluxe rooms offer sea views. Daily breakfast is available. There are also many restaurants and eateries that serve local and international dishes in Buyukada. You can relax in the cosy lounge, where there is a fireplace. The front desk is available 24/7. Yali Butik Hotel is just 2.2 miles to the Aya Yorgi Monastery on top of a hill with its excellent sea views. It takes 30 minutes from Bostanci to Buyukada by boats.


text:
New Delhi, June 24: External Affairs Minister Sushma Swaraj on Wednesday embarked on a two-day visit to Nepal to attend an international donors' conclave where she is likely to announce a major financial package by India for reconstruction of the quake-hit Himalayan nation.
The International Conference on Nepal's Reconstruction (ICNR) has been organised by the Nepalese government to raise funds for carrying out rebuilding of areas devastated by the massive earthquake of April 25 which claimed over 8,000 lives.
Nepal's Prime Minister Sushil Koirala had earlier this month called up Prime Minister Narendra Modi to invite him for the conclave. However, Modi decided to nominate Swaraj for ICNR.
At least 35 countries are expected to attend the conference to be held in Kathmandu tomorrow. Ahead of the meet, the Nepalese Prime Minister said there has been a "big gap" between what Nepal was able to do and what needs to be done.
He said Nepal's resources alone are not enough to meet the "unforeseen and pressing challenges" and called upon international community to help the country.
Nepal's Foreign Minister Mahendra Bahadur Pandey said there was an urgent need to upscale investment in the infrastructure sector. "There are some immediate and long-term priorities from the perspective of reconstruction. We need to ensure that the rubbles of the collapsed buildings are removed in an environmentally friendly way.
"Building transitional shelters for people is also a pressing priority. We will need to explore options for low- cost housing, reinstate bridges, roads, schools and health posts.
For this, there is an urgent need to upscale investment in the infrastructure sector," he said.


text:
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Utilise our website's cutting-edge search to acquire members who match your desired requirements. Or just flip through listings and acquire people that arouse your interest.
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text:
Smuggled out of Nazi Germany after working in the resistance, Louisa finds herself waiting out the war in a dusty Arizona copper mining town. Sponsored by the Reverend Robert Gordon, Louisa quickly discovers he is hiding a tragic secret. Louisa irritates, intrigues, and charms Robert, soon becoming an indispensable part of his household. Trouble begins to brew when Friedrich Mueller, a prominent resident of Copper Springs and avid Nazi sympathizer, ferrets out Louisa's background.
Soon Louisa is once again running for her life. Can she outfox a fox like Mueller? Or will she be sent back to Germany as a hostage exchange, facing certain death?
©2013 Suzanne Woods Fisher (P)2013 Vinspire Publishing, LLC
"great narration"
I was lost in the story, i think helped by narrator who used her tone of voice to depict emotion, rather than just reading.
"History, intrigue,espionage and small town humor"
This first book in the Copper Star series definitely leaves readers wanting more. I loved it!
"Great book!"
Great story, narrator was excellent. Loved the book. I am looking forward to book 2.
Narrator was excellent and story was excellent!
Accent, voice inflection, made it much more real.
When can we listen to Copper Fire (#2 in the series) on audiobook???!!
Linda, avid listener
"A German Resistance worker escapes to Arizona WWII"
It was interesting to have the main character be someone who had worked with Dietrich Bonhoeffer in the German Resistance. All of the characters were very interesting people. A heartbroken pastor and deaf little boy make it very hard for Louisa to return to Berlin.
I learned a lot. I really enjoyed the book and can't wait for Audible to get Book 2, Copper Fire ready for us to listen to.
There was a lot of mystery & suspense, with a surprise at the end.
I thought the narrator did a good job of the accents.
Read this book!
I may give another book a chance. I don't like to judge an author by only one book.
The narrator has a pleasant voice, and a lovely accent. It was the story that was lacking.
I would not cut a character, just found the book very boring.
I gave this book a fighting chance, listening over two hours before giving up. There was just absolutely nothing I found interesting. The paragraph that described the book, and caused me to purchase it, made it out to be an exciting story. I don't know when the excitement or intrigue begins, but it's way too late for me.
Interesting, captivating, emotional
Yes. Wanting to find out the connection to the Nazis
When William begins to speak
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text:
Article Text
Original article
To x-ray or not to x-ray? Screening asymptomatic children for pulmonary TB: a retrospective audit
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text:
Ideally situated in a private cul-de-sac, this gently sloping homesite offers the ideal setting for a custom home in Mountain Air. A home on this nicely wooded lot will enjoy long-range mountain vistas as well as a view of the golf course. All utilities are in place. Close to all of the incomparable amenities at Mountain Air, including golf, tennis, fitness center, pool, clubhouse with dining and private air strip.
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text:
Surely the Remedy for a Failing Marriage?
My alchemical form so unlike my lithe whilom self,
A gest of surprisingly aoristic proportions undertaken,
I can hardly wait for my consanguineous lilliputian to awaken.
I emend
Earlier transgressions, demotic choices,
Of vinosity, gluttony, acedia; no longer avaricious,
Marking time until I meet my bijou delicious.
De rigueur,
He or she will descend in nacreous, hallowed glory,
The opposite of a bonanza, but a mithridate all the same;
Blithe, nitid, zaftig, bringing only weal--absolutely hunky dory.


text:
Welcome toCalifornia Virtual Academies
We are excited to have you join us this school year!
Welcome toCalifornia Virtual Academies
We are excited to have you join us this school year!
School Accountability Documents
Back to School Packet (BTSP) Directions and FAQ
Please let us know your intentions for the 17-18 school year.
Welcome CAVA Families,
On behalf of the teachers and staff at California Virtual Academies, I am excited to welcome you and your children to the 2016 – 2017 school year.
As we begin our 15th year, California Virtual Academies will continue to diligently partner with parents and students to foster an atmosphere of academic excellence. We believe this is best accomplished through child-centered instruction and decisions, mutual trust and respect, and clear communication. We encourage families to fully participate in school-based decisions through opportunities like School Site Council, National Honor Society, and various online discussions and surveys throughout the school year.
We believe:
Community ~ As a community of learners, we are more than the sum of our parts. Research shows that students who are connected to their school experience greater academic outcomes both in the short term, and in the long run. Class Connect sessions, which are offered throughout the week, are a great way for students to get connected and stay connected. Teachers also provide in person opportunities locally, so be sure to keep up to date on what is going on in your local area.
Achievement ~ California Virtual Academy exists for one reason, to provide an excellent educational opportunity for our students. We combine highly qualified teachers, a first-class curriculum, and standards-based direct instruction, to help students reach their academic potential.
Variation ~ There is no "one right way" to do anything in life, and learning is an excellent example of this truth. CAVA teachers have a wealth of knowledge to help parents and students discover new learning strategies. It is our mission to help students discover a variety of ways to problem-solve, a life skill that will serve them for years to come.
Adults Matter ~ There is simply no way around it, the most significant indicator of how well children do in school is the support they receive from the adults (both parents and teachers) who surround them. Discuss with your child the goals and expectations you both have for the school year and then work with your teacher to help articulate and refine these goals for your child.
We look forward to partnering with you this school year.
April Warren
Academic Administrator
Title IX Information
The California Virtual Academies do not discriminate on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, disability, or age in their programs and activities and provide equal access educational programs and activities. As required by Title IX, the California Virtual Academies do not discriminate on the basis of gender, in their educational programs and activities. The following person has been designated to handle inquiries regarding the Title IX non-discrimination matters:
Natalie Henry, School Social Worker
50 Moreland Rd, Simi Valley, CA 93065
Additionally, you may contact the Office of Civil Rights by calling 1-800-421-3481.


text: Ryan Driver has lived the majority of his life in the Walla Walla Valley. Born in Iowa, Ryan moved with his family to Walla Walla at the age of two. He has always had a love for the outdoors and has worked with the land from a very young age. This passion came from his grandfather whose farm in Iowa has been in the family for over 100 years. Ryan started working for Klicker Strawberry farms at age 12. Over the next twelve years he dedicated his time to learning many aspects of the operation - from picking and delivering, to maintaining and operating equipment.


text:
Hi guys,
We moved to Pasir Ris area this year and quite new to Singapore. We are looking for some recommend kindergarten for our baby girl. Appreciate if you guys can provide any valuable advice.
Any Recommend Kindergarten in Pasir Ris and Tampines area
Looking for that infant/childcare, pre-school or student care with caring teachers or enrichments? Share your findings here.


text:
A quick taste of Destiny's Age of Triumph update, the last one before Destiny 2
The sequel to Destiny, or "Destiny's Child" as it's affectionately called in Destructoid's staff chat, is coming later this year. That doesn't mean the original game has faded into obscurity. There's one last event planned that will pay ho... read


text:
The R.O.S.E. (Regaining One's Self-Esteem) Fund is national non profit, based in Boston MA, chartered to break the silence and the cycle of domestic violence (DV) and teen dating violence (TDV). Our programs increase DV/TDV education and awareness in the community and recognize, assist and empower women who have broken the cycle of domestic violence. The ROSE Fund enables women survivors to rebuild their lives by providing them with reconstructive surgeries (medical and dental) and achievment awards.
The ROSE Fund is a national non-profit serving all areas of the US
Mr. Dan J Walsh
domestic violence, health, women
Also Known As
See more addresses
Main Address
200 Harvard Mill Sq Ste 310
Wakefield, MA 01880
Health - General and Rehabilitative N.E.C. (E99)
IRS Filing Requirement
This organization is required to file an IRS Form 990-N.
How does this organization make a difference?
Self-reported by organization
Since its inception in 1992, ROSE has profoundly impacted the lives of hundreds of women by providing them with more than $1 million in achievement awards and medical reconstructive services. We invest in these women, their families (80% of ROSE recipients are mothers) and their futures. As a result, these women have been able to re-build their lives, achieve self-sufficiency, and regain their self-esteem.
Self-reported by organization
What are the organization's current programs, how do they measure success, and who do the programs serve?
Program 1
The R.O.S.E. (Regaining One's Self Esteem) Fund achieves it mission through the four following ways: 1) A national, free reconstructive surgery program for women that have been disfigured by their domestic partners 2) Financial assistance to women survivors for continuing education in the Northeastern US 3) Cooking and nutrition seminars for women survivors to educate and advise on affordable and nutrional meals for themselves and their children 4) An annual awards program honoring and recognizing individual survivors with cash awards to those that are giving back to the community.
Program long term success
Awarding educational scholarships before the year end, filled several sugery slots in MA and NY, awarded the annual award in the amount of $25,000, and succussfully are executing the cooking and nutriction program in several MA women's shelters.
Program success monitored by
Not available
Program success examples
Not available
Population(s) Served
The ROSE Fund is a national non-profit serving all areas of the US
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The people, governance practices, and partners that make the organization tick.
Mr. Dan J Walsh
Daniel J Walsh
No Affiliation
Term: Feb 2008 - Jan 2011
GuideStar worked with BoardSource, the national leader in nonprofit board leadership and governance, to create this section, which enables organizations and donors to transparently share information about essential board leadership practices. Self-reported by organization
Does the board conduct a formal orientation for new board members and require all board members to sign a written agreement regarding their roles, responsibilities, and expectations?
Has the board conducted a formal, written assessment of the chief executive within the past year?
Have the board and senior staff reviewed the conflict-of-interest policy and completed and signed disclosure statements in the past year?
Does the board ensure an inclusive board member recruitment process that results in diversity of thought and leadership?
Has the board conducted a formal, written self-assessment of its performance within the past three years?


text:
Front and fantastic sea view for this apartment fully renovated 3 bedrooms, 1 bathroom, 1 shower room, 2 terraces with incredible views, garden and pool 96 m², 90 m²
We can help you to get a mortgage on favourable terms. A residence permit can be obtained with the purchase of this property. Please ask our team for more information.


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For any questions related to Cvent, feel free to contact our Customer Care team.
Residence La Passionaria is a newly rebuilt, luxury family hotel, situated in a quiet part of Marianske Lazne within walking distance of beautiful parks, 5 minutes away from the spa centre. It has an ideal location for relaxation, rehabilitation, cultural activities and sports.
The hotel has 15 ...
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text:
(This story first ran at PressConnects.com) BALTIMORE — At 26 years old, UFC light-heavyweight champion Jon Jones admits it is difficult even for him to realize he could soon be considered the best fighter in the history of mixed martial arts. But it's a reality (…)view original article >>
UFC women's strawweight champion Joanna Jedrzejczyk thinks the promotion will cast female flyweights for the 26th season of "The Ultimate Fighter." At least, she hopesFiled under: News, UFC read news >>
DALLAS – Early on, Jason Knight made it clear he wouldn't be one of Chas Skelly's quick submission victims. Filed under: News, UFC read news >>
Summer blockbuster season kicks off early for MMA fans, with UFC 211 on Saturday, May 13. Two belts will be on the line in the main and co-main events. A heavyweight rematch between Stipe Miocic and read news >>
DALLAS – Check out the video highlights and a full photo gallery from today's UFC 211 early and official weigh-ins.Filed under: Featured Videos, News, Photo Gallery, UFC, Videos read news >>
UFC featherweight Jared Gordon was transported to Baylor University Medical Center early Friday morning due to weight management issues. He was treated and released, UFC officials confirmed. read news >>
STOCKHOLM – Peter Sobotta hurt Ben Saunders early with a stinging left hand, then finished him off.Filed under: News, UFC read news >>
Watch the UFC 211: Miocic vs. dos Santos LIVE early weigh-in at 10 a.m. ET / 7 a.m. PT on MMAWeekly.com. read news >>
DALLAS – MMAjunkie is on scene and reporting live from today's early and official UFC 211 fighter weigh-ins, which kick off at 10 a.m. ET (7 a.m. PT). Join us for a live video stream and official res read news >>
Zach Makovsky has been a professional fighter for more than 10 years. During that span, he's prepared for fights in many different ways, but said it's been a long time since he went into a fight blin read news >>
In the midst of announcing their UFC Fight Night headliner, Michael Chiesa and Kevin Lee came to blows during the UFC 2017 Summer Kickoff Press Conference. read news >>


text:
MAPLE Indigo Dyed Cushion Pattern B
MAPLE Indigo Dyed Cushion Pattern B
A truly unique piece from Maple's AW16 offering, the Indigo Dyed Cushion, which is available in three unique patterns is made in collaboration with Toronto's "Latre" design shop. - "Resist" print method - Hand dyed with Indigo - Debossed leather brand tab - Made in Canada
Founded in 2011, Understudy is a contemporary menswear boutique with a global, community-oriented approach to curating directional and independent brands. Founders Aaron Ellard, Reid Pollock and Liam Rodgers are not just selling clothes, they've created a comprehensive lifestyle. Brands like Arc'teryx Veilance, MHL by Margaret Howell, Reigning Champe and more are selected carefully, providing a diverse selection of apparel and accessories necessary for any guy to create a personalized uniform.


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Program on Gurten mountain
Go up high for the August 1st firework display
For a very special view of the August 1st firework display, make your way up to the Gurten. The visual experience will be enhanced by feeling the ground vibrate as each rocket goes off. It`s amazing! From 18.00 in the à-la-carte Restaurant Bel Etage, which is open from 11.30 to 23.30, you can enjoy a 4-course gala dinner with stunning views of the city. Meanwhile, the self-service restaurant Tapis Rouge will be serving a lavish brunch from 9.00 to 14.00, and from 18.00, a «scrumptious» traditional August 1st buffet. From 18.00 until midnight the Gurten Pavillon will treat you to a culinary feast including Gurten sausage, fine beer and a very special view of Switzerland`s capital!
09.00 to 00.30
Gurten area
Last descent
Energy Bern mobile
Live broadcast from 21.00 to 23.00 on the gurten


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Miguel Garji is characterized by a decidedly open to mergers and unconventional, which runs from the Deep more Soul, to the American Deep House Tech-House with a touch stronger vocal or electronic, according to the climate of the particular session. All ready established in Ibiza, as official residence of Ibiza, establishing residencies at prestigious clubs such as Amnesia at the party "JUICY" with Robbie Rivera. Shared booth in the most important concert halls, clubs and beach clubs on the island, such as Space-Ibiza (We Love Sundays & Dance by David Moreno Ibiza), Pacha, Amnesia (JUICY by Robbie Rivera), Privilege-Ibiza (Room Coco. Loco-Supermartxé), Grail, Guarana, Blue Marlin, Jockey Club Salinas, and so on.
In 2005 he was resident of Penelope, along with Sebastian Gamboa, making both Penelope Ibiza Compilation CD, 2005.
Since 2007, Miguel Garji, becomes one of the most recognized national deajay sharing sessions with DJ Chus and Ceballos, Wagon Cookin, Javi Muñoz, Cesar del Rio, Oriol Calvo, Sergio Serrano, Igor Galvez, Sebastian Gamboa, etc.. ... but his journeys around the world , Migual was claimed in clubs like "Bianco Neglia" (Italy), "Private Boat Party (France)," Lesup "," Pink " "Elephant", "Avalon", (New York), sharing the dj booth with the likes of Dimitri, MANDY, Vera, Dj T, Booka Shade, Grand Nelson, Fran Dell, Desin Masiello, James Lewis, Antoine Clamaran, Robbie Bank, among others ...
Garji, In 2008 was nominated in 4 different categories from Deejaymags Awards 2008. Prizes from the prestigious magazine Deejay in the categories of best Deejay, Best Program (DeepFusion 124bpm), Best DJ Freelance (Miguel Garji), Best Dj Club Lounge & Best National DJ. It has also selected and mixed in 2008, the compilation Summer 08 (Ibiza Global Radio) with Jose Maria Ramon and Joan Ribas.
Nominate CURRENTLY for Deejaymags Awards 2009 in the categories of Best National DJ and Best Resident DJ in Ibiza beach club. Currently serves on the Ibiza Global Radio team, which has two programs: Morning Sound and Deep Fusion 124 BPMS and also monthly resident House World party in Pacha-Ibiza & Rewind with residences in Ushuaia and Atzaró. Resident Ibiza Global Radio World Tour this year is expected to visit countries like Brazil, Argentina, Germany, France and others. At this time he began his collaboration with DJ's important and different labels.
It is preparing productions alongside Javi, Moreno, Toni, Viana and you will soon see the light. Collaborates strongly with Fer Ferrari DeepClass Seal Records of Argentina.


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Peter Ryan (racing driver)
|10 June 1940
|2 July 1962(aged 22)
|Formula One World Championship career
|Active years
|non-works Lotus
|Career points
|Pole positions
|Fastest laps
|First entry
|1961 United States Grand Prix
|Last entry
|1961 United States Grand Prix
Peter B. Ryan (June 10, 1940 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States – July 2, 1962 in Paris, France) was an American-born Canadian racecar driver from Mont-Tremblant, Quebec. He had a short Formula One career. He participated in one Grand Prix, the 1961 United States Grand Prix at Watkins Glen, finishing ninth.[1] He scored no championship points.
Ryan first came to prominence as a skier, winning the National Ski Association's junior downhill championship at Mount Rose, Nevada, in 1957. "Immediately after Ryan's victory, Americans protested that Canadians could not win an American championship." The protest was disallowed.[2] His Olympic prospects were such that a dispute arose as to which country he should represent. The Americans asserted that he: "was born in the United States as were his father, the late Joseph P. Ryan, and his mother." [3] Ryan expressed a preference for the Canadian team: "But while he would like to ski for Canada, he wouldn't care to give up his American citizenship." [4] "An outstanding skier, Ryan shifted to auto racing in 1959 after a ski crackup in which both his legs were broken." [5]
On April 25, 1959, Denise McCluggage, writing in Competition Press, reported: "Peter Ryan of the Mont Tremblant Ryans bought Bernie Vihl's beautifully kept old 550 Porsche in which to take up racing-sports car racing that is. Peter at 19, is an old hand at ski racing being a downhill expert." [6] Ryan's successes came in sports cars racing in Canada, the US and Nassau. On October 1, 1960, Ryan co-drove with Roger Penske in a Porsche RS60 to win the six-hour Sundown Grand Prix at Harewood, in Ontario, Canada. The next week Ryan was entered in the 230-mile Formula Libre road race at Watkins Glen, New York. In qualifying he was "the surprise of the day, taking the fifth position over England's Roy Salvadori." Ahead of him were Stirling Moss, Jack Brabham, Joakim Bonnier and Olivier Gendebien.[7] He was driving the Bill Sadler Formula Libre special, known as "Formula Ferocious," a rear-engined single-seater device, when his motor blew on lap 56.
At Sebring on March 25, 1961, Ryan, teamed with Frances Bradley and Ludwig Heimrath, finished eighth overall in the Florida International 12-Hour Grand Prix of Endurance, driving a Porsche RS.[8] In June 1961 Ryan withdrew from a race at Mosport. He "was expected to give Moss his stiffest competition, but did not compete. He withdrew at the last minute. Ryan, a member of the Sports Car Club of America, feared he would lose his amateur status in the United States if he entered the race. The S.C.C.A. ordered its members not to compete in the Canadian race because prize money was being given." [9] In July 1961 Peter Ryan (Comstock Sadler-Chevrolet) was leading the Meadowdale Grand Prix when Roger Penske (Maserati birdcage Telar Special): "banged into him from the rear on the 18th lap." Ryan clung on to the lead, but after spinning recovered to finish second.[10] On August 6, 1961, Ryan won the Vanderbilt Cup for Formula Junior cars at Bridgehampton, New York, driving a Lotus 20, averaging 87.95 miles an hour.[11]
He was the first Canadian winner of the inaugural Canadian Grand Prix, in a Lotus Monte Carlo-Climax, held at Mosport on September 30, 1961, when it was a non-Championship sports car race.[12] Second that day was Pedro Rodriguez (Ferrari V12) and third Stirling Moss (Lotus Monte Carlo). The win at Mosport led to an invitation from Colin Chapman to drive a Lotus in the 1961 United States Grand Prix.
In the first 3-hr Daytona Continental GT and sports car race at Daytona on February 11, 1962, Ryan finished 15th overall, sharing a Ferrari 3.0-litre with Ricardo Rodriguez. The previous day he had finished fifth in the Lurani Trophy Race for Formula Junior cars, driving a Lotus 20.[13] At Sebring on March 24, 1962, Ryan, teamed with John Fulp, finished thirteenth overall in the Florida International 12-Hour Grand Prix of Endurance, driving a Ferrari 248 SP for the North American Racing Team.[14]
An offer of a factory-Lotus Formula Junior drive in Europe for 1962 did not materialise: "The young Canadian-American, bitterly disappointed, has gone to England to see what arrangements can be made for the coming season." [15] "Placed under a three-year contract by Team Lotus he was lent to the Ian Walker Racing Team for the 1962 season,.." [16] On May 27, 1962, Ryan was teamed with Paul Hawkins in an Ian Walker Racing Team Lotus 23 at the Nurburgring 1,000 km sports car race. The car suffered from overheating and was unplaced.[17] At Monaco on June 2, 1962, Ryan won a heat race in an FJ Lotus, finishing eleventh in the final. Denis Jenkinson commented: "The driving of Ryan, the Canadian, and Spence, both in Ian Walker Lotus-Juniors, was very impressive,.." [18] At Mallory Park, England, on June 11, 1962, Ryan drove an FJ Lotus: "The Formula Junior event saw Peter Ryan adding to his growing reputation in Europe by tailing Peter Arundell's works Lotus for the whole race, then nipping through on lap 28 to win by a second." [19]
Ryan made his Le Mans debut on June 23 and 24, 1962, partnered by John 'Buck' Fulp, driving the #18 NART Ferrari 250 TRI/61. The car completed 150 laps and 15 hours when it was crashed by Ryan.[20] "Poor Peter Ryan put his Ferrari in the sandbank at Mulsanne and dug for ages before giving up,.." [21]
Ryan's last race was in the Coupe Internationale des Juniors Formula Junior race at Rheims, on July 2, 1962.[22] "First of the heats, run at 10 a.m. round an almost deserted circuit, began as a terrific scrap between Peter Ryan's Ian Walker Lotus, Bill Moss's Gemini, Gardner's Brabham with Love's Cooper and Arundell's Lotus lurking just behind. This struggle continued until the 5th lap, when Ryan's Lotus and Bill Moss's Gemini touched as they left the very fast right-hand bend past Gueux. Both cars left the road at high speed and were totally wrecked; Bill Moss escaped with minor injuries but Ryan was taken to hospital seriously hurt." [23] He succumbed to his injuries in a Paris hospital where he was taken following the accident.
Peter Garnier, writing in Autocar, said of Peter Ryan: "During his all too-brief-spell on British and Continental circuits, he had proved himself to be extremely skilful and fast, with just that touch of fire which can often indicate the makings of a great driver." [24]
Peter Ryan was inducted into the Canadian Motorsport Hall of Fame as one of the initial inductees in 1993.
Complete Formula One results[edit]
|J Wheeler Autosport
|Lotus 18/21
|Climax Straight-4
- ^ Motor Sport, November 1961, Page 938.
- ^ New York Times, March 23, 1957, Page 22.
- ^ New York Times, Feb 10, 1959, Page 42.
- ^ New York Times, March 19, 1959, Page 45.
- ^ The Washington Post, Times Herald, July 3, 1962, Page A21.
- ^ Competition Press, Vol.II-No.8, April 25, 1959, Page 3.
- ^ Los Angeles Times, October 9, 1960, Page L7.
- ^ Automobile Year, No. 9, 1961-1962, Pages 159-164.
- ^ New York Times, June 24, 1961, Page 15.
- ^ Chicago Daily Tribune, July 24, 1961, Page C4.
- ^ New York Times, August 7, 1961, Page 30.
- ^ Los Angeles Times, October 1, 1961, Page G9; Motor Sport, January 1962, Page 31.
- ^ Competition Press, Vol.8-No.4, February 24, 1962, Pages 1, 4, 5.
- ^ Automobile Year, No. 10, 1962-1963, Pages 209-213.
- ^ Competition Press, Vol.8-No.8, April 28, 1962, Page 3.
- ^ Motor, July 11, 1962, Page 870.
- ^ Motor Sport, July 1962, Pages 554-555.
- ^ Motor Sport, July 1962, Page 506.
- ^ Motor Sport, July 1962, Page 499.
- ^ Motor Sport, August 1962, Pages 594-595; Automobile Year, No. 10, 1962-1963, Pages 223-230.
- ^ Road & Track's Competition Press, Vol.9-No.1, July 14, 1962, Page 4.
- ^ Motor Sport, August 1962, Page 634.
- ^ Autocar, July 6, 1962, Page 30.
- ^ Autocar, July 6, 1962, Page 35.
- David Charters, Chequered Pasts: Sports Car Racing and Rallying in Canada, 1951-1991, University of Toronto Press, Scholarly Publishing Division, 2007.
External links[edit]
- 1940 births
- 1962 deaths
- American emigrants to Canada
- Racing drivers from Quebec
- Canadian Formula One drivers
- Racing drivers killed while racing
- 24 Hours of Le Mans drivers
- Sportspeople from Philadelphia
- Sportspeople from Quebec
- Sport deaths in France
- Canadian Motorsport Hall of Fame inductees
- World Sportscar Championship drivers


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Yeah… No one probably needs to ask to know that Goku was currently sweating bullets and frightened out of his wits. Seriously, no one in their right mind (if they were in his current situation) would taunt them and beckon the group to fight. Them refers this very dangerous looking group who's glaring at him angrily with deadly weapons at hand, reading to kill at a moment's notice.
Vampires and slayers both are targeting one measly one vampire. How unfair this world is… Of course it is.
But seriously, if he wanted to get out of here alive and mostly (hopefully, actually) alive, he'd have to use his wits and outrun them all. Running away like a coward wasn't his forte, but he had no choice now, did he?
"Right… so all of you want to kill me? Really?" he asked in a light tone, almost teasingly. The implied message was quickly understood by the group.
The leader of the vampire bunch growled. "I was actually contemplating on giving you a quick death then dealing with these." He jerked a scarred thumb toward the slayers. They glared in response. "Now it doesn't seem so possible anymore."
Goku tilted a head in confusion. "You're talking like you could kill me," he responded with a sly grin, "I can't believe how stupid you are to delude yourself into thinking that."
They all advanced, getting into a battle stance as they held the respective weapons protectively in front of their face, ready to attack and defend.
He narrowed his eyes. The only way to get out of this mess is to attack first, then somehow distract them and create a diversion. Doing this will allow him to escape as quick as possible so he could alert all his friends tucked away in his home. He took a deep breath, then charged.
In that split second, three knives flew toward him in attempt to stab. They were targeted at his head and feet, but he turned in mid jump, performing a twist and a flip to land. They plunged uselessly into the tree behind him.
He dashed away from the trees so he would have an advantage in fighting them, instead of been pinned to a tree. Goku took the standard Turtle stance, taught to him by Master Roshi. His hands were placed by his side in such way that a ki ball could easily fit there.
"Ka… me… ha… me…" he chanted. "…. HAAAAAH!" The powerful attack flew out of his cupped hands and into the general direction of his opponents. At first, nothing happened except for explosions, mushroom clouds, and a lot of screaming.
Then, ki blasts were launched back toward him. Goku quickly raised a thick ki shield that deflected them… which hit right in the face of many. He snickered. However, at that moment, he found one of the slayers behind him, ready to fire a bullet into his heart.
The Assassin ducked. The silver bullet hit the shield he put up, shattering it. There was a moment of cause as that had caused another explosion, rocking the earth they stood. He disappeared into the smoke, and his opponents scrambled to find him.
Maybe it was just pure coincidence, or he really got caught, but somehow he found himself cornered by that dratted tree again with guns, spears, and swords pointed at his head. Just great. The back of the knives poked uncomfortably at his back.
"If you kill me, then you'd never know where I hid Chi-Chi," he said conversationally. The words were directed at the slayers.
"We don't need you. We could find her ourselves," the head girl said dismissively, shaking her head.
Goku then took the opportunity to inch to the left, an empty spot where there was a large rock there. Perfect.
"Any last words?" she sneered, loading her gun.
He whipped a green ocarina out of seemingly nowhere. The group stared.
"What… the… hell? Do you want to play a serenade before we kill you or something?" a vampire guy asked, thoroughly confused. Who wouldn't? The instrument seemed slightly suspicious though, and a bit familiar. There was a little memory tugging at his brain, but he couldn't exactly remember.
"This, in case if any of you are interested, is a green ten-hole ocarina bought in a local music store by the main city," he said, dopy smile still on. One of the vampires face palmed.
Tut, tut, tut. E, D, C, A, C, D, E.
Another slayer's head snapped up. "That tune!" he yelled out, alarmed. But it was too late. Goku already stuck a seal onto the rock, making it explode into a million little chunks. Exploded right in their faces. One person screamed out, "MY MAKEUP!"
Goku stopped from grand escape to snicker. He wondered who that was.
He flew at rapid speeds away from that area and hurried frantically back to his friends. He can't afford to lose anytime, in case the two sides might go after him. But if he knew well enough, they might just go and try to kill each other then stop before any major wounds kill.
He skidded to a halt right in front of his little cozy home, charged in, then yelled, "Get the hell outta here before the vampires and slayers come and get ya!"
Obviously, his dramatic entrance was met by wide-eyed looks of confusion.
The Assassin snapped his fingers. "I'm serious. I was just chased by a group of slayers and vampires. I want all of you to run away before any of you get hurt or killed."
The shocked expression melted, forming into a look of understanding.
"Of course, Goku," Bulma said briskly. She stood up. "Up you go, all of you. We should go back to where we each need to be." Then, she jogged out the room, followed by all the others… except her Royale Highness.
"Well?" he snapped, "what are you waiting for? Get out of here! I don't want you to be killed. You could go back to your little slayer village and pretend this big fiasco never existed at all. Isn't that a good idea?"
"Not really, actually," she responded indifferently, standing up as well.
Goku wanted to scream in frustration. "Hey, I'm saving us all from trouble. Can't you just STOP WANTING TO KILL ME?"
Chi-Chi flinched at his furious tone. "That's not my intention!" she retorted. She felt slightly ashamed of herself. It really seemed as if the impression she had put onto the Assassin was an annoying heartless bitch… which was not something that she had in mind.
He glared, not believing. "Then? Uncover my greatest secrets?" his voice was filled with venom.
Her face flushed and she shook her head violently. "No, not that either!"
"Then?" The Assassin's eyes bore into hers.
"I… I…" her voice faltered. Well, what did she really want? She realized that she had somewhat of an obsession about him. He was so mysterious, so dark, powerful, and she knew next to nothing about her. All the strange clues about who he really was fascinated her. Chi-Chi wanted to follow Goku… not to mention, he was really, really, good looking. She blushed deeper.
Goku stared at her, confused. Why was she blushing, or even acting in this weird way?
There was brief silence, then they heard a loud explosion. "Aww fuck…" Goku muttered. He turned to Chi-Chi. "If you really want to follow me," he said stiffly, "you better move your ass now, before they get to us." Then, the Assassin took off towards north.
Chi-Chi grinned inwardly and followed.
This was once again cut short but I wanted to get the chapter out. :3 It's been long overdue. Thanks to all that's still following me! :D


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Let us take the hard work out of the home loan process. Compare thousands of home loans from up to 21 lenders with an Aussie Broker - it is like going to several banks in a single appointment. Talk to us today.
"Biggest Loser" Week 5 Weigh in.
Discussion in 'Living Room' started by pinkboy, 11th Jul, 2016.
Page 1 of 3
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Booth Banter For Week 10
Nov. 1, 2012
New UNLV Football play-by-play announcer Russ Langer shares his insights here at UNLVRebels.com each week during the 2012 season. Langer is a seven-time Nevada Sportscaster of the Year and recently completed his 13th season calling games for the Las Vegas 51s Triple-A team.
The New Mexico Game
Homecoming always adds a little spice to the matchup on the field, and the hope is that the Rebel faithful will take advantage of the great fall weather and show their support in a big way on Saturday ... Tim Cornett continues to rack up 100-yard games left and right and his 64-yard dash to begin the scoring at San Diego State was one of the most electrifying plays from scrimmage all year ... Attending Rebel practices is both a privilege and an education, and allows an observer the opportunity to enjoy a front-row glimpse of genuine team spirit ... Aztec head coach Rocky Long has high praise for UNLV and the progress he feels is evident from last season to now. "I just hope you guys don't put it all together today," he told coach Hauck prior to Saturday's contest ... There are several painful things I can think of that would hurt less than getting hit by senior linebacker John Lotulelei, up to and including stepping in front of a bus ... San Diego State tight end Gavin Escobar's size and strength are similar to another outstanding player who toiled on a professional level in that same city, Kellen Winslow. Unless he sustains some sort of debilitating injury, he'll be coming soon to an NFL franchise near you ... Whenever UNLV meets up with New Mexico, I'm reminded of my days living in Albuquerque. The team didn't win much, but Brian Urlacher was a man among boys ... With Nick Sherry playing at less than 100% physically, the job of the Rebel offensive line becomes significantly more important as we head into the final four games of 2012.
Got a question about Rebel Football? Feel free to email me at email@example.com
--Go Rebels!


text: The Bronx and 100% vegan don't seem to go hand in hand, and neither do Caribbean and vegan organic, but put them all together, and you've got a delicious restaurant that is quickly gaining popularity up north. Sit down or take out the all-vegan specialties, including boiled green bananas, sweet plantains, curried bean curd and eggplant mélange. And like any good healthy restaurant, there's a juice bar just waiting to be squeezed.


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Thierry Molose
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this wiki
- "Maybe now everything can get back to normal. Koeglin village us usually a really peaceful place."
- ―Thierry Molose[src]
Thierry Molose is a Breton residing in Koeglin Village, Stormhaven. He's found sweeping the floor near the Town Square. He runs the closed Bayside Barter food stall.


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|Reviews for A glance in her direction
| Aka Chuurippu chapter 1 . 11/5/2011
That is so in character with Ishihime!
| NEWandKIC chapter 1 . 12/20/2007
O! Very fantastical. I loved it! Is the multi-chap story gonna be a sequal to this story, cause that would be awesome!
| youkai chick supreme chapter 1 . 8/20/2007
woo! a couple grammar errors, but nothing hideous... but yea, awesome! aww, it was bittersweet, which is something i love. so yea, great job. it made me feel kind of sad... i loved it.
| JessAlba chapter 1 . 7/25/2007
Damn! Now you're making me walk away from the IchigoXOrihime pairing! I just decided to like that pairing recently!
You're making me second guess myself damn it! Now I don't know which pairing to like! Well, to be quite obvious the only reason I took up liking Ichigo and Orihime together is because I HATE Rukia. I hate her alot... don't ask why cause I have no answer(ACCEPT FOR THE OBVIOUS FACT THAT SHE IS THE SPAWN OF THE DEVIL!) ok I've regained my composure... hehe.
I hate her hate her hate her! SO just to spite her I decided to take up the IchigoXOrihime shipping... At the same time I'm pretty sure that, that pairing will probably never happen... seems like Rukia(Spawn of the devil)is winning the battle...
Well I hope you update 'when the wind stops' soon, that one is my favorite of yours! Peace out!
| yokainomiko chapter 1 . 5/17/2007
Aw cute. I don't know why but I always seem to like implied romance more than that excessive fluff .
| Otaku Samurai chapter 1 . 4/6/2007
| Lack of a Name chapter 1 . 3/12/2007
Aah! That's just too adorable! That's really cute and fluffy.
| Suicidal-Valentine-Rose chapter 1 . 1/28/2007
Wowza! That was ... 'wait for it'...MARVELLOUS! LOL. Really, i really really enjoyed this! Hope you do a chaptered one!
| RedBloodedTalisman chapter 1 . 12/13/2006
Don't you dare leave it as a one shot! ...at list make another one .. based on this one..because this one .. is so cute .. and romantic ! .. T_T
Really good FF ... good job!
Please continue !
| Fadeeex3 chapter 1 . 12/8/2006
wonderful. nicely written.
hope you continue it. ]
| Jaden Tao chapter 1 . 12/2/2006
that was sweet!
i love tge /ishihime pairing!
| Beautifully simplistic chapter 1 . 11/25/2006
i have reviewed most of your work, mostly KiraxCagalli but now i find out you Like ishihime too?
okay, good use of point of view changes, i want more, you going to make another story ne?
| Satan Hat chapter 1 . 11/24/2006
Ishida and orihime are so cute together. Is you new fic going to be a ishihime? the world needs more ishidaXorihime fics!
| FlareKnight chapter 1 . 11/23/2006
Thought that was pretty good. Seeing both sides, their thoughts and views on the situation. Really nice to read.
| Tsukiaa chapter 1 . 11/22/2006
Mm, you should continue. :]


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Discussion in 'The Trash Can' started by Maofan7, May 19, 2013.
True, he's quite a riddle!
After Sochi Takahashi will probably retire, so it´s obvious why the showmanship and attracting the public are the most important things to him. In the post competitive life of a skater, which is obviously longer, showmanship counts 100% and they have to be prepared for the moment when medals, judges, scores won´t matter anymore. Showmanship=fans=shows=$$$$.
Except he also said in an interview published this season in the Japanese press that he didn't think he "had what it takes" (I think his words were "I'm not charming enough" ) to be a show skater. I have my doubts he'll stay away completely for various reasons ($$ being realistically one of them, but hardly just that), but this actually echoes what he said several times about really wanting to be a coach and do something about the problem of rinks shortage in Japan
Besides, if you look at his skating, I think you'll find out that "showmanship" and skating for audiences were essential part of his skating long before retirement was in the cards (which I guess is explained both by his approach to the sport and by the approach to figure skating by his long-time coach, Utako Nagamitsu)
Nothing I have ever heard from Dai in other interviews convinces me that he would have used either "gorgeousness" or "showmanship" to describe his own skating. He is too humble for that... and he takes his skating too seriously. Someone suggested "flair." That is at least believable.