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The Hunger Fames: Redone
Hi! So my first Hunger Fames didn't work out too well cuz I was extremely busy with school work. So I am making another one now. It's basically the same as the other one I created a while back, but I WILL FINISH THIS ONE!!!!
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Picture(I need a real life pic cuz I plan to have my friend DedeJacob create Lunaiis if possible. He has THE best Lunaiis):
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Motivation For Winning:
Weaknesses(same amount as strengths:):
I will reveal the arena once all tributes are in.

subset: commoncrawl


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text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Jun 25, 1991
|Filing date
|Jan 5, 1989
|Priority date
|Jan 5, 1989
|Fee status
|Publication number
|Steven H. Goode
|Original Assignee
|Motorola, Inc.
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (15), Referenced by (24), Classifications (7), Legal Events (5)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
The present application incorporates by reference U.S. Pat. No. 4,742,514, entitled "Method and Apparatus for Controlling a TDM Communication Device", which is assigned to the same assignee as the present invention.
This invention relates generally to the field of radio frequency (RF) communications, and, more specifically, to an improved technique for quickly adjusting the frequency offset bias of a non-coherent 0.2 Gaussian minimum shift keying (GMSK) receiver detector. The invention is particularly useful for radios operating in a time division multiplexed (TDM) communication system.
Recently, there has been an increased demand for voice, digital voice, and high-speed data communications over land mobile radio channels. Since the radio frequency spectrum is inherently limited, one must devise new system concepts and organizational features to accommodate the increased demand for mobile and portable radio communications services. Time-division multiple access (TDMA) is one method of achieving more efficient spectrum utilization.
In its simplest form, a TDMA system is comprised of a transmitting base station capable of time-multiplexing messages from at least two users on a single RF channel, and one or more remote receiving stations capable of receiving at least one of the time-multiplexed messages. Typically, the receiving station would be a mobile or portable unit capable of transmitting a TDM message to the base station (or repeater station) on a second (or the same) RF channel. Refer to U.S. Pat. No. 4,742,514 entitled "Method and Apparatus for Controlling a TDM Communication Device", for further information regarding TDMA.
In a TDM system, the base station (or repeater station) must be capable of receiving short bursts of information from all mobile and portable units (remote units) within the system. Each of these remote units may transmit on slightly different frequencies due to different environmental factors, e.g., power supply voltage fluctuations, ambient temperature variations, etc. Each mobile or portable unit may also transmit on slightly different frequencies due to differences in their internal frequency references. In a frequency modulation (FM) receiver, this frequency difference translates into a DC offset bias voltage at the detector. In order for the base station to receive all of the TDM information burst from a remote unit, the base station receiver must quickly adjust its receive frequency offset to the transmitted frequency of the incoming signal.
This requirement for fast frequency acquisition often conflicts with the requirement to receive low frequency information present in the TDM burst. This conflict can readily be observed in a TDM system using FM to transmit the data. If the TDM data contains low frequency information, e.g., when the information is non-return-to-zero (NRZ) data, or if it contains low frequency signalling tones, e.g., sub-audible digital private line (DPL™), or if it uses an analog method to scramble speech, e.g., frequency-inversion voice scrambling, the FM receiver discriminator must be coupled at a very low frequency to the information processing circuits, in order to pass the lowest frequency of interest. A large valued AC coupling capacitor is often used to series couple digital information from the discriminator to a limiter, such that a microprocessor can then be used to decode the data. Such low frequency AC coupling requires a significant amount of time for the receiver circuitry to adjust to any frequency offset between the transmitter and receiver. Depending on the actual frequency offset, this acquisition time can be more than the entire length of the TDM burst.
Various methods have been used to adjust the receiver frequency to the transmitter frequency in an FM radio communication system. U.S. Pat. No. 4,518,922 utilizes one common approach, which is the use of an automatic frequency control (AFC) circuit, in which the incoming signal is averaged over a period of time in order to find the frequency error between the transmitter and receiver. An error signal is then used to adjust the receiver local oscillator to the transmitted frequency. However, AFC circuits are generally not suitable for TDM systems, due to the long time averages which must be taken to find the frequency offsets. Again, this averaging (acquisition) time may be longer than the entire length of the TDM burst.
Using another approach, U.S. Pat. No. 4,575,863 discloses a programmable bias circuit for quickly adjusting the data limiter offset bias to a received FSK data stream. This method utilizes a fast time constant to determine the center frequency of the received signal for the limiter when the data receiver is idle, and then switches to a slow time constant after word synchronization has been detected. However, any such "center-slicer" based approach will not work in those TDM systems which don't transmit digital data in the information time slot (e.g., wherein analog voice information is sent instead of digital vocoded speech information). Moreover, it is not practical to use this approach in TDM systems transmitting data using modulation techniques which do not lend themselves to detection using a center frequency reference (e.g., 0.2 GMSK, having a small "eye opening").
A need, therefore, exists to provide a method and means for fast frequency acquisition of a TDM transmitted signal by the receiver, while at the same time allowing low frequency coupling of the received information to the information processing circuits.
Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide an improved receiver frequency offset bias circuit for digital TDM radios.
Another object of the present invention is to provide an improved technique for quickly compensating for the frequency offset bias of a non-coherent 0.2 Gaussian minimum shift keying (GMSK) receiver detector.
These and other objects are achieved by the present invention which, briefly described, is an improved bias control circuit for a radio receiver used in a communication system wherein a signalling preamble is sent to a receiver prior to sending other information. The bias circuit of the present invention rapidly determines the DC voltage level representing the average frequency of the received signalling preamble, develops a DC bias voltage proportional to the error in frequency between the receiver and the transmitted signal, and then applies this bias voltage to the series coupling capacitor located between the receiver detector and the receiver processing circuits. The coupling capacitor is then properly biased for reception of the transmitted information.
The bias control circuit comprises the series coupling capacitor having an input terminal and an output terminal, a means for selectively coupling the capacitor input terminal to a received input signal in response to an input control signal, a means for biasing the capacitor input terminal to a desired voltage in response to the input control signal, and a means for providing the input control signal in response to the signalling preamble. The circuit further comprises a means for biasing the capacitor output terminal to a desired voltage in response to the input control signal.
In the preferred embodiment of a 0.2 GMSK receiver in a TDMA communication system, the frequency averaging is performed during the known 1100 bit synchronization preamble of each user's TDM time slot. However, any balanced signal can be used as the preamble. Moreover, the present invention can be used with analog information, since no limiting is required by the circuit for proper biasing. The invention is particularly adapted for TDMA communication systems in which remote units typically have some frequency offset, where low frequency coupling is necessary for data decoding, and in which the preamble duration is relatively short.
The features of the present invention which are believed to be novel are set forth with particularity in the appended claims. The invention, together with further objects and advantages thereof, may best be understood by reference to the following description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in several figures of which like-referenced numerals identify like elements, and which:
FIG. 1 is a general block diagram of a TDM radio transceiver illustrating the receiver frequency offset bias circuit according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a detailed block diagram of the receiver frequency offset bias circuit of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the preferred embodiment of the receiver frequency offset bias circuit;
FIGS. 4a, 4b, and 4c represent various waveforms of the circuit of FIG. 3, illustrating TDM burst timing and voltage level relationships; and
FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating the sequence of operations performed by switch controller 280 of FIG. 2.
The TDM system of the preferred embodiment is comprised of a repeater station capable of time-multiplexing messages from at least two users, and a portable or mobile station for each user. As used herein, a mobile unit is defined as a radio transceiver typically carried in vehicles; a portable unit as typically carried about a person; and a base or repeater station unit as typically a permanent or semi-permanent installation at a fixed location. Mobile units and portable units are hereinafter collectively referred to as remote units. Although the present invention is primarily intended for use in a TDM digital voice radio communication system utilizing GMSK modulation, it is contemplated that the frequency offset biasing technique of the present invention may be used in any radio system configuration.
Referring now to FIG. 1, there is shown a block diagram of remote radio transceiver 100. A speech signal is input from a user via microphone 104. The speech is analyzed by vocoder analyzer 106, which is enabled by radio controller 120 via connection 107. In the preferred embodiment, analyzer 106 is a sub-band coder, although any suitable voice coding technique may be used. Digital data information from data source 110 may also be transmitted in the same manner. Moreover, a combination of vocoded speech and data may alternately be transmitted as determined by a particular user.
Radio controller 120 inputs the vocoded speech or data, and routes it to transmit buffer 112 for storage via data line 108. Transmit buffer 112 is loaded at the vocoding data rate, such as, for example, 8.66 kilobits per second (kbps). When transmit buffer 112 has reached a predetermined capacity, the information is extracted by the radio controller via connection 109, added to signalling overhead data, and routed via line 113 to transmitter 114. PTT line 105 represents the push-to-talk switch of the microphone. Upon the reception of the PTT signal, controller 120 outputs a TX/RX control signal via line 117 to transmitter 114, receiver 122, and frequency synthesizer 130. During a transmit burst, the radio controller couples the transmitter output to antenna 116 via activating switch 118. Alternatively, switch 118 could be replaced with a duplexer or the like to continually couple the transmitter and receiver to the antenna.
To receive information from a TDM slot, radio controller 120 couples antenna 116 to receiver 122 via switch 118. The demodulated signal at 121 is then routed to the receiver frequency offset bias circuit 140. The output of bias circuit 140 is them routed to radio controller 120 via output 123, and to clock recovery circuit 124 via output 142. Input control signal 144 from radio controller 120, and input control signal 143 from clock recovery circuit 124, are applied to bias circuit 140 These signals will be fully described below. The recovered clock output at 125 is then coupled to radio controller 120 for use in synchronizing the controller to the received information.
When synchronized, controller 120 routes the received vocoded speech or digital data to receive buffer 126 via connection 128. This information is clocked into the received buffer at a suitable data rate, which typically is the transmission data rate. The information is subsequently extracted from receive buffer 126 via connection 127, and routed through the controller to vocoding synthesizer 132. This speech synthesizer, enabled by connection 133, operates on the essential speech components to synthesize the voice signal. The speech signal is then applied to speaker 134 to permit the received message to be heard by the operator. If, however, data was transmitted during the TDM slot, data sink 136, which may be a printer or monitor device, accepts the data and displays it for the user. Refer to U.S. Pat. No. 4,742,514 for a further description of radio transceiver 100 operation.
A TDM system generally sends a signalling preamble at the beginning of every burst of data from the mobile. (Refer to the TDM time slot illustrations of FIGS. 2 and 3 of U.S. Pat. No. 4,742,514 for a further description of such a preamble.) In the preferred embodiment, the 1.22 millisecond (ms) preamble contains 22 bits of 1100 pattern to allow the repeater to obtain bit synchronization. Various other synchronization and identification codes are also sent prior to the vocoded speech information. Each user's TDM time slot is 120 ms in duration. It is with the intelligent utilization of this bit sync preamble that the frequency offset bias circuit determines the proper DC bias voltage for the receiver.
FIG. 2 illustrates in detail the individual blocks comprising receiver frequency offset bias circuit 140. In general, bias circuit 140 comprises AC coupling capacitor 240, having its input terminal 225 coupled either through switch 220 to the receiver discriminator output at 121, or coupled through switch 230 to frequency averaging circuit 210. These components serve to control the bias on the input side of capacitor 240. The output terminal 245 is directly connected via output line 123 to radio controller 120, and is selectively coupled to DC reference circuit 270 through switch 260. These components serve to control the bias on the output side of capacitor 240. All switches are controlled by switch controller 280. Received signal 121 from the output of receiver 122, such as the demodulated output of an FM receiver discriminator, is applied to frequency averaging circuit 210, clock buffer 290, and switch 220. Clock buffer 290 routes the received signal to clock recovery circuit 124 via output 142 such that it can immediately begin to synchronize to the incoming bit sync preamble.
Switch controller 280 utilizes input control signals 143 and 144 to determine how to configure bias circuit 140. The controller has two basic modes of operation: a receive mode and a charge mode. In the receive mode, switch 220 is closed, such that the discriminator output is coupled to the radio controller such that it may receive the TDM information burst. In the charge mode, switch 220 is open and switch 230 is closed, such that the bias circuit is pre-charging the coupling capacitor to the correct bias point. The operational steps performed by controller 280 will be fully described in conjunction with FIG. 5.
For the majority of the time, switch controller 280 remains in the receive mode, such that switch 220 is closed, connecting the receiver output directly to capacitor 240. Controller 280 has also instructed switch 230 to open, thus isolating capacitor 240 from frequency averaging circuit 210. Switch 260 was also open, thereby connecting the output of capacitor 240 to the output of DC reference circuit 270 through resistor 250. DC reference circuit 270 provides the DC level for normal operation of the information processing circuits in radio controller 120. Thus configured, the discriminator output of receiver 122 is capacitively coupled to the receiver processing circuits of 120 through a high-pass filter formed by capacitor 240 and resistor 250. These component values are designed to allow the lowest frequency of interest in the TDM data burst to be passed without attenuation.
At the start of receiving each TDM data message, radio controller 120 provides such indication to bias circuit switch controller 280 via line 144. During the next 1.22 ms while the clock recovery circuit is bit synchronizing, frequency averaging circuit 210 generates a bias voltage proportional to the center frequency of the incoming received signal. For the output of an FM receiver discriminator, this will be the average DC voltage of the incoming signal. In the preferred embodiment, a 1100 bit pattern ensures that the preamble signal is balanced to a 50% duty cycle. However, any balanced preamble waveform may be used.
Controller 280 remains configured in the receive mode until bit sync is obtained in clock recovery circuit 124. Upon acquiring bit sync, clock recovery circuit 124 signals the switch controller 280, via line 143, that bit synchronization has been accomplished and a valid signal is being received. In the present embodiment, bit sync is used to determine if a signal is present in the instant TDM time slot. Other methods of signal presence can also be used, such as a fast-acting signal power level measurement from a received signal strength indicator (RSSI) circuit. It is also possible to configure controller 280 to simply wait a fixed time period from the beginning of the TDM burst indicated on line 144, and assume that a received signal is present.
Upon receipt of a signal presence indication on line 143, switch controller 280 enters the charging mode, and opens switch 220 and closes switch 230 via lines 286 and 282, respectively. This action connects the DC output 215 of frequency averaging circuit 210 directly to input terminal 225 of capacitor 240. Switch controller 280 also closes switch 260 via line 284, connecting the DC reference circuit output 275 directly to output terminal 245 of capacitor 240. This configuration rapidly charges capacitor 240 to the voltage required to properly receive the TDM burst. Switch controller 280 waits 50 microseconds before returning switches 220, 230, and 260 to their respective receive mode positions.
FIG. 3 is a detailed schematic diagram of receiver frequency offset bias circuit 300 in accordance with the preferred embodiment. Several differences from the previous figure should be noted. First, a simple "AND" circuit function is used to control the switches, since the remaining decision-making and timing functions have been incorporated into the single microcomputer used to implement radio controller 120. Second, several buffer stages have been added to provide high impedance input and low impedance outputs to several points in the circuit. Third, additional components are used to improve the charging speed of DC reference circuit 270. Each of these differences will now be explained.
The switch control signal SC is produced by the logical "AND" of input control signals 143 and 144. At the start of each TDM time slot, input signal 144 is set to a logical one by radio controller 120. After bit sync has been achieved, input signal 143 is set to a logical one for only one bit period. Hence, it is only when these signals coincide is the SC output of AND gate 390 set to a logical one.
Operational amplifiers 310 and 340 are used as impedance transformation buffers to couple the received signal into and out of bias circuit 300. Note that amplifier 330 is not necessarily a limiter, as the present invention can correct for frequency offsets of analog information without "center-slicing" digital data. Operational amplifier 330 is used as a buffer to apply bias to the input terminal 335 of capacitor 240, since CMOS switch 220 and 240 exhibit some finite "on" resistance, e.g., 300 ohms.
Resistor 322, capacitor 324, and operation amplifier 320 comprise frequency averaging circuit 210. Resistor 322 and capacitor 324 integrate the average received frequency over the bit sync acquisition time, i.e., usually 16 bits. This average DC level is then buffered by operational amplifier 320, and made available at node 325 to switch 230 when the switch control signal SC is high, switch 230 is turned on, switch 220 is turned off, and the input terminal of the coupling capacitor is pre-charged through buffer 330.
The voltage for DC reference circuit 270 is developed by resistors 353 and 354, filtered by capacitor 356, and applied to operational amplifier 350. In the receive mode, switch 370 is closed, switch 360 is open, and transistor 380 is off, such that amplifier 350 is configured as a unity-gain buffer. Hence, the DC reference voltage at node 351, now available at node 355, is applied to the output terminal 245 of capacitor 240 through resistor 250.
In the charge mode, switch 370 is opened, switch 360 is closed, and transistor 380 is turned on. Transistor 380 is used as switch 260 of FIG. 2 to provide a low impedance path from node 355 to capacitor 240, since a CMOS switch would have some internal resistance. Switch 360 senses the voltage at terminal 245 of capacitor 240, while not allowing a large current flow through the sense switch 360. If desired, switch 360 could be a high value resistor. A CMOS switch is used here such that no charging current flows through the sensing path. In this sensing configuration, operational amplifier 350 monitors the voltage at output terminal 245, compares it to DC reference voltage at node 351, and applies the measured difference voltage at node 355 to terminal 245 through transistor 380. Thus, the charging voltage is the voltage difference between capacitor terminals 335 and 245. Applying this measured difference voltage to capacitor 240 provides faster charging capability than simply keeping operational amplifier configured as a buffer. Capacitor 357 prevents oscillation in the sensing configuration. Therefore, in the charge mode, a low impedance path is configured from DC reference node 355, through transistor 380, to terminal 254 of capacitor 240. In charging both sides of capacitor 240 simultaneously, the receiver frequency offset bias circuit quickly prepares the receiver for reception of the TDM burst.
In the preferred embodiment, bias circuit 300 is comprised of Motorola MC3303 operational amplifiers, Motorola MC14053 CMOS switches, and a Motorola MC14081 AND gate. Resistor 250 is 1 Megohms, capacitor 240 is 0.4 microfahrads, resistor 322 is 10 kilohms, and capacitor 324 is 0.015 microfahrads. Note that the frequency averaging integration time constant of 0.15 ms is shorter than the duration of the signalling preamble, such that the proper biasing voltage can quickly be determined. Also note that the value of capacitor 240 is relatively large such that frequencies as low as 0.4 Hz can be coupled to the signal processing circuitry of radio controller 120.
FIGS. 4a, 4b, and 4c represent various waveforms of the bias circuit of FIG. 3. FIG. 4a illustrates a representative TDM time slot. Time t0 represents the start of the TDM burst, and time t4 represents the end of the burst. The bit sync word preamble may be followed at t2 by other synchronization and/or identification information, which is then followed by the vocoded speech information at t3.
FIG. 4b represents the voltage waveform appearing at output 123 to be decoded by the radio controller information processing circuitry if the receiver frequency offset bias circuit is not used. If the receiver frequency is not identical to the transmitter frequency, the received signal exhibits an average frequency bias level, given by V1, which is not equal to bias voltage V2 developed in DC reference circuit 280. In terms of FIG. 3, voltage V1 would be the DC level seen at input line 121, and would appear at node 325. Voltage V2 would appear at nodes 351 and 355. As can be seen in FIG. 4b, the voltage waveform has not become centered around V2 by the start of the TDM information at t2, i.e., frame sync, which must be accurately decoded. Note that by time t4, the received signal voltage waveform may have charged to V2, depending on the charging time constant of capacitor 240/resistor 250 as compared to the TDM time slot t0 -t4. Since the radio controller's signal processor operates at bias level V2, the voltage waveform must be centered about this bias voltage at time t2. Otherwise, no information would have been received in the entire TDM slot if the voltage difference V1 -V2 exceeds the allowable input signal decoding limits of the signal processor. Note also that for a TDM system using 0.2 GMSK modulation, these allowable decoding limits would be less due to the reduced eye opening of the GMSK signal.
FIG. 4c illustrates the same waveform when the receiver frequency offset bias circuit of the present invention is allowed to compensate the receiver for the receiver frequency offset. Time t1 represents the time required for the clock recovery circuit to detect the presence of the TDM signal. Hence, at time t1, bit sync is achieved, and switch controller 280 is instructed to set bias circuit 140 into the charge mode. As explained above, the circuitry rapidly charges both sides of capacitor 240 to the proper voltage for one bit time after time t1, thus centering the output waveform about voltage V2 as opposed to V1. Accordingly, the information processing circuitry of the radio can now properly decode the data.
The flowchart of FIG. 5 illustrates the complete sequence of events performed by switch controller 280. Controller 280 could be a microprocessor, such as, for example, a Motorola MC6801, dedicated hardware circuitry, or both as described above for FIG. 3.
When the TDM receiver is first turned on, controller 280 starts at Step 502. At Step 504 the controller sets the bias circuit switches to the receive mode, i.e., switch 220 closed, switches 230 and 260 opened. In terms of FIG. 3, switch control SC is low, such that only switches 220 and 370 are turned on.
The controller then tests for an indication of the start of a TDM time slot from the radio controller 120 in Step 506. This indication is provided at t0 via line 144. Upon receipt of such indication, the controller starts a 2 millisecond timer. At Step 508, this timer is checked to see if it has expired. If 2 ms has passed, control returns to Step 506 to wait for the next TDM burst. If the timer has not expired, the controller then tests for the indication of signal presence from clock recovery circuit 124 in Step 510. This second indication is provided via line 143, at time t1. If no signal presence indication is received, control returns to Step 506 to again check the timer. Hence, the 2 ms timer ensures that the bias circuit only pre-charges the coupling capacitor once per time slot at the proper time after the 1.22 ms signalling preamble, as opposed to possibly interrupting the actual decoding of information if bit sync is lost and re-acquired.
If a signal presence indication is received within 2 ms from the start of the TDM time slot, then the controller sets the bias circuit switches to the charge mode in Step 512, i.e., switch 220 opened, switches 230 and 260 closed. Again, in terms of FIG. 3, switch control SC goes high, such that switches 230 and 360 and transistor 380 are turned on. The controller then waits 50 microseconds in Step 514 before returning to Step 504, where it reconfigures the bias circuit to the receive mode.
In review, an improved method and means for compensating for the receiver frequency offset bias voltage has been shown. In the charge mode, the receiver's series coupling capacitor is rapidly charged to the DC level representing the average frequency of the received signalling preamble on the input side of the capacitor, and is charged to the receiver's DC reference level on the output side, both through low impedance paths. The invention may be utilized in any preamble-based signalling system, whether or not digital data is transmitted.
While only particular embodiments of the invention have been shown and described herein, it will be obvious that further modifications may be made without departing from the invention in its broader aspects. For example, it is contemplated that any balanced signal can be used as the preamble, as opposed to a 1100 bit synchronization pattern. Moreover, any simplex, duplex or TDM radio system utilizing any preamble-based signalling scheme may employ the techniques described herein. Accordingly, the claims are intended to cover all such changes and alternative constructions that fall within the true scope and spirit of the invention.
|Cited Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Apr 19, 1974
|Nov 11, 1975
|Lannionnais Electronique
|Phase differential modulation frequency automatic correcting device
|Oct 28, 1975
|Sep 12, 1978
|Nippon Telegraph And Telephone Public Corp.
|Frequency shift signal receiver
|Sep 26, 1979
|Aug 25, 1981
|E-Systems, Inc.
|Wideband digital frequency discriminator and phase and frequency detector
|Jun 28, 1979
|Sep 22, 1981
|Rca Corporation
|System and method for frequency discrimination
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|Harris Corporation
|Decision-directed, automatic frequency control technique for non-coherently demodulated M-ARY frequency shift keying
|Apr 7, 1983
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|Method for correcting the frequency of a local carrier in a receiver of a data transmission system and receiver using this method
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|Rca Corporation
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|Motorola, Inc.
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|Rca Corporation
|MSK digital demodulator for burst communications
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|Automatic bias circuit
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|Method and apparatus for DC restoration in digital receivers
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|Citing Patent
|Filing date
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|Aug 27, 1991
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|Burst mode receiver control
|Feb 10, 1994
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|Motorola Inc.
|Burst mode receiver control
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|Mar 4, 1997
|Spectralink Corporation
|Apparatus and method for automatic discriminator compensation in a FSK receiver
|Sep 13, 1995
|Jul 15, 1997
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|Alpha-numeric verbal scroll technique for use in an emergency location system
|Jan 14, 1993
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|Alcatel Sel Aktiengesellschaft
|Method and circuit arrangement for offset correction in a TDMA radio receiver
|Oct 27, 1995
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|Lucent Technologies Inc
|Offset correction for a homodyne radio
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|Nec Corporation
|Communication apparatus
|Jun 27, 1997
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|Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson
|Method and device for phase modulated signals
|Aug 20, 1998
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|Mobile radio set and method of determining the reception field strength
|Dec 12, 1997
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|Ramar Technology Limited
|Low power density radio system
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|Sep 24, 2002
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|Qualcomm, Incorporated
|Full-duplex transceiver with distributed duplexing function
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|Location based information system
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|Location based information system
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|Method and device for phase-modulated signals
|Oct 5, 1998
|Apr 15, 1999
|Ramar Technology Limited
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|U.S. Classification
|370/345, 370/522, 370/347, 455/231
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Jan 5, 1989
Owner name: MOTOROLA, INC., A CORP. OF DE, ILLINOIS
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:GOODE, STEVEN H.;REEL/FRAME:005009/0799
Effective date: 19881230
|Jul 8, 1994
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|Jan 19, 1999
|Maintenance fee reminder mailed
|Jun 27, 1999
|Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees
|Sep 21, 1999
|Expired due to failure to pay maintenance fee
Effective date: 19990625


text:
Ahead of the second leg of the quarter-final between the Blues and Manchester United at Old Trafford tomorrow, Ferguson suggested that Chelsea had signed Fernando Torres for £50million in January simply to give them a better chance of becoming European champions.
Ferguson is trying to win Europe's top club competition for the third time, while the closest Chelsea have come is when they lost on penalties to United during the 2008 Final in Moscow.
Abramovich appointed Carlo Ancelotti in 2009 having been impressed by the Italian's achievements in winning the trophy twice as a coach with AC Milan. The Blues have faltered this term and Ancelotti's reign could be brought to an end this summer if his team miss out on the biggest prize in Europe again.
Asked about Chelsea's relationship with the Champions League, Ferguson said: "It seems to be an obsession for them to win the European Cup and that's why they signed Torres. There is no question in my mind. It was the obvious reason to sign the lad.
"The owner has very much nailed his colours to the mast, I've felt that for quite a while with them, but it's a very difficult competition to win.
"All the best teams are there, you see the form of Barcelona and it is fantastic. It looks like it will be a Real Madrid-Barcelona semi-final and that is going to be unbelievable. I will be going to that. So it's a fantastic tournament, and to have an obsession with winning the European Cup is stretching yourself a wee bit. I had an obsession for quite a long time, losing semi-finals, and saying to myself that we were never going to do it.
"So when we did it in 1999 it was the greatest feeling of all time and took the monkey off my back. I can understand it, but they're no more desperate than us, believe me."
Wayne Rooney will return to the United team for the second leg after scoring the only goal in last week's first leg at Stamford Bridge. The striker is banned for two matches in domestic football but can still play in Europe.
Yet Ferguson believes it is unlikely that Rafael, who was not able to take a full part in training today because of a knee injury, will be fit to play.
The United boss avoided comparisons with 1999, when his team prevailed in the Premier League, the FA Cup and the Champions League. They are in an excellent position to do so 12 years later, though, and Ferguson admitted that the momentum his side had built in recent weeks would make them difficult to stop.
"Momentum is the key," he said. "When you get it it's difficult to knock you off your stride and hope that's what drives our players on. They've got the momentum at a good time of the year and an important time in terms of every game being a cup final. Players are thriving. In other circumstances, I might have been hesitant to make the changes I have done for certain games, but in this situation, whoever comes in is carrying on the fight.
"You have to have faith and trust in the players and they have to trust each other, which is equally important, and they have to trust me, too."
Rio Ferdinand returned from a significant absence with a calf injury to play a vital role in last week's victory at Stamford Bridge, and Ferguson believes the centre-back's experience will be vital again tomorrow.
"I was praying Rio would be fit, because he gives composure, and in terms of talking to the players, he does that really well," added the Scot.Reuse content


text:
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text:
Guest reviews
Overall rating
Recent reviews
- All reviews
- Positive
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- Negative
Located in Sozopol, Hotel Gamartata is set 2,297 feet from the beach. The property offers a free outdoor pool, a free tennis court and free private parking on site. Each of the rooms comes with a TV with cable channels, a small refrigerator, a safety deposit box and a sofa. The en-suite bathroom is equipped with a shower. A balcony is available. Air conditioning is available at a surcharge. Hotel Gamartata houses an à-la-carte restaurant, serving traditional Bulgarian and Russian dishes. The restaurant comes with a spacious summer garden, offering an outdoor seating area. Entertainment options on site include billiards and table tennis facilities, available at a surcharge. A cafeteria can be reached in a 5-minute walk. The Old Town of Sozopol can be reached in 3.7 miles. Burgas Airport is located 30.4 miles away. Guests of Hotel Gamartata are offered airport transfers upon request and at a surcharge.


text:
Executive committee
Under the Professional Code, when a board consists of 12 or more directors, an executive committee shall be formed. The Executive committee sees to the day-to-day administration of the Order's affairs and may exercise all the powers delegated to it by the Board of directors.
However, under the Professional Code, some powers cannot be delegated by the Board of directors.
© L'État Brut
From left to right:
Benoit Lavigne, CPA, CA, Elected Director
Nathalie Houle, FCPA, FCMA, First Vice-Chair
André Dugal, FCPA, FCA, Chair of the Order
Diane Delisle, Director appointed by the Office des professions
Andrée Lavigne, CPA, CA, Second Vice-Chair


text:
The APR, or annual percentage rate, on a car loan determines the interest rate you will pay for one year, as opposed to monthly rates. Knowing the annual rate makes it easier to shop around for a better deal among various lenders, but understanding exactly how your personal rate is calculated can be a bit more complicated.
Average APR
At the time of publication, the average APR for car loans is around 4.38 percent for a 60-month lease and 5.2 percent for a 36-month lease, according to Bankrate, but you will most likely receive a different offer -- better or worse -- depending on your monthly income, credit history, who your lender is, brand of car and many other variables. This percentage rate is quite low compared to recent history; in 2010, you would have paid almost double, and if you go 20 years further back, you might have paid nearly triple.
Lowering the Cost
- **Improve your [credit score](http://www.carsdirect.com/auto-loans/what-credit-score-do-you-need-for-an-auto-loan)**. The lenders who you are asking to finance your car will look at your credit history as one of the main factors in determining what interest rate they will give you. The difference in interest rate between the best and worst credit scores is about 10 percent, which will really add up over the course of the loan.
- **Get a shorter-term loan**. A long-term loan, such as 72 months, means you will almost always have lower payments, because the loan is spread out over a longer period of time, but it will cost you more money to pay it off, because you will be charged a higher interest rate.
- **Obtain a special loan** if you are a high-credit buyer. If your credit history is almost spotless, you may qualify for special rates on new cars at certain dealerships. You will need to ask dealers individually about these rates.
Calculating The Costs
Once you know the interest rate you will have to pay, you can use one of the many car loan calculators available online to get a basic idea of the costs and ensure that you don't go over budget. From this information, you can see that a $10,000 car, using the average APR of 4 percent over a 36-month loan, will cost you about $630 per month. You will also see that the amount you are paying in interest goes down over time, while the amount of principal you are paying each month goes up, but the actual monthly payment stays the same.
More Ways to Save
- Make your decision based on the cost of the loan, not just the price of the car. Even if the car seems like a bargain, if you are not getting the best deal possible on the loan itself, then you could pay more in total than you would if you had purchased a more expensive car through a different lender.
- You don't have to get dealer financing to buy from a dealer. Go to your bank, inquire at credit unions and get a preapproved loan in writing that you can take to the dealer to negotiate with.
When you are trying to obtain the best interest rate, remember that the most important factor is your credit history, so that is the first thing to work on before applying for a loan.


text:
Episode EightMature
Scene 1:
[In the Great Hall, at the Gryffindor table. All the Gryffindors are there, at their table.]
Ron:Did you see that (s) woman?
Ron:(dreamily) The one with those bright blue eyes and the hair looking as if it were spun from the stars themselves…
Harry:(s) Huh?
Ron:I will never ever, (s) EVER find a girl like that a Hogwarts. (He puts his face right next to Hermione's) NEVER.
[Hermione slaps him. Dramatic music.]
Harry:I don't know, I think they make them (s) OK at Hogwarts.
[Harry turns to where Cho is sitting and stares at her "romantically". Dumbledore dances up onto the podium.]
Dumbledore:I have (s) news.
[Dramatic music.]
Scene 2:
[At the Slytherin table. Draco and the gang are staring listlessly at the front.]
Draco:I'M BORED.
[Dumbledore is at the podium, talking.]
Dumbledore:… and another person who is also here is (s) FILCH. Round of-
Cedric:(offscreen) GET ON WITH IT I HAVE STUFF TO DO.
Draco:(sits up straight) Who was (s) that?
Dumbledore:(flirty s) Of course, Ceddy-kins. (serious s) The Triwizard Tournament is hard. Oh so (s) hard. And whoever chooses to enter, must be awesome.
[The Hall is silent as everyone appears to evaluate themselves from within.]
Dumbledore:(claps hands) But who shall decide this? It's the (s) GOBLET OF FIRE.
[The Goblet of Fire is revealed. Everyone gasps. Dramatic music.]
Scene 3:
[In the Gryffindor dormitory. Harry and Ron are sitting on a bed, with facemasks and curlers in their hair.]
Ron:I am (s) so excited.
Harry:(s) Me too.
Ron:If only we could enter. How brave and courageous would that be?
Harry:(s) Yeah. But Ron…
Harry:(holds Ron's hands) I would rather it be me than you.
Ron:Aww… wait. What?
[Harry holds Ron and rocks him gently back and forth. Dramatic music.]
Scene 4:
[In the Great Hall. The Goblet of Fire is in the middle, humming gently. Moody walks in, brandishing his glowing tube.]
Moody:Let's see…
[Moody circumnavigates the Goblet of Fire, and the rope placed around it.]
Moody:(whistles) Now you, you are beautiful. No really, you are gorgeous. What a lovely piece of work you are. Wouldn't mind stealing you and travelling around space and time withyou.
[A big blue box VWORPs right next to Moody. It seems to frown at Moody.]
Moody:Oh, I was just- just doing that thing. (Pauses) How'd you get here?
[The big blue box does nothing.]
Moody:Fine, it's not like I care. Anyway, allons-y!
[Moody points the tube at the rope circle, and it flashes a blue light and makes a sound. The ropes fall apart.]
Moody:(looks at box and grins) Want to know how I did that? Because it's really quite sim-
Box:(angrily) VWORP.
Moody:(sulkily) But I need to tell someone how clever I am! I need a companion.
Box:(sympathetically) VWORP…
Moody:I know. I'm so lonely.
[The camera zooms out of Moody standing alone in the darkened room. Sad music.]
Scene 5:
[Slytherin dormitories. Draco is in bed, asleep. Crabbe is leaning over him, smiling.]
Draco:(opens eyes) Huh? What's go- AHHH.
[Draco leaps up, pulling the covers with him.]
Draco:WHAT ARE YOU (s) DOING?
Crabbe:(reaches out hand) Relax, sweetie. This won't hurt (s) much.
Draco:WEARGUH. (Runs out of the room.)
Crabbe:(cackles to self) And now, for my master plan!
[Dramatic music.]
Scene 6:
[In the Great Hall. At the Gryffindor table. The Goblet of Fire is at the front.]
Ron:I AM SO EXCITED I WET MYSELF A LITTLE.
Hermione:There, there. (Pats Ron on the back.)
Harry:Alright, here we- what's with the Hufflepuffs?
[The Hufflepuffs all walk in. They are all extremely pale, wearing all black and looking very moodily at everything, i.e. the floor.]
Hermione:Oh, it's just because of Cedric Diggory they finally have a chance of (s) doing something.
[As if on cue, Cedric comes in being carried by two other Hufflepuffs.]
Ron:AND HOLY CRAP, THERE'S KRUM.
[Krum and the rest of the Durmstrang students are sitting at the Slytherin table. Draco has his hand on Krum's shoulder and is laughing.]
Ron:OH MY GOD TOTALLY SHIP IT.
[Harry and Hermione exchange glances.]
Harry:Emergency chloroform?
Hermione:Emergency chloroform.
Ron:DO YOU THINK I COULD GET HIM TO SAY SOMETHING FOR MY VLOG BECAUSE I AM-
[Hermione puts a cloth on Ron's mouth and he passes out on the table. Dumbledore ambles in.]
Dumbledore:(s) The time has come.
[Dramatic music. The Goblet lights up. Dumbledore looks at the speech cards he has prepared.]
Dumbledore:The first contestant is… (s) Viktor Krum!
[Everyone claps. Krum waddles to the front and grunts.]
Dumbledore:The second contestant is… (s) Fleur Delacour!
[Everyone claps. Fleur sashays to the front, wearing a beret. She begins to smoke.]
Dumbledore:The third contestant is… Cedric Diggory!
[Everyone claps, the Hufflepuffs being the loudest. Cedric makes his way to the front and then proceeds to blow kisses at the crowd. Someone gives him flowers.]
Harry:Hermione, there's something wrong with their (s) eyes.
Harry:The Hufflepuffs. It's, like, yellow or something.
Hermione:Who cares? They're Hufflepuffs.
Ron:(wakes up and groggily) What'd I miss?
Hermione:(shrugs) Not much.
[They begin to leave the Hall, like everyone else.]
Dumbledore:WAIT! Wait!
[Everyone swivels towards Dumbledore.]
Dumbledore:I have a plot (s) twist.
[Everyone sits back down.]
Dumbledore:(raises arms to forehead) Oh dear! There appears to be a (s) fourth contestant.
Dumbledore:And the contestant is (s) Harry Potter.
Ron:(s) WHAT?
Harry:I… I don't understand.
Dumbledore:(gravely) Come here, Harry.
[Harry comes to the front, looking severely confused. Dumbledore puts his hand on his shoulder.]
Harry:(whispers to Dumbledore) You're hurting me.
Dumbledore:AND HERE ARE THE (s) FOUR CONTESTANTS FOR THE TRIWIZARD TOURNAMENT!
[Dramatic music.]


text: The 'New York World Telegram' called it "the greatest recording yet to come out of the war." This was the amazing recording made by George Hicks, London Bureau Chief for the Blue Network (soon to become ABC) of the beginning of the D-Day Normandy Invasion. It has been added to the Library of Congress Audio Archive. Weekdays: 4pm-7pmI am a very proud Citizen of the United States and a proud Iowan!LISTEN to Simon's podcasts!I was born in London, England and have been American in my attitudes for as long as I can remember. I believe our Constitution is a sacred document but it has less importance every year. I am a conservative and my outlook was forged in my native UK, where I experienced the considerable downsides of European-style socialism.I have a unique insight into health care and all the other trappings of a socialist society because I've already lived through where we are headed. Contact Call 515-284-1040 Text 515-989-1040 Reply STOP to cancel. Standard text message and data rates apply. Email firstname.lastname@example.com Social


text:
Anne Bonnie's life
By:Alyssia Boone
The Birth of Anne Bonny
Anne Falls in Love
Bonny and Rackham
Anne Bonny the Pirate
Anne proved to be an excellent pirate. She dressed like a man, fought, drank and swore like one
Some of these sailors testified against Anne Bonny at her trial.
Anne Bonny and Mary Read
The Capture of Bonny, Read and Rackham
By October of 1720, Rackham, Bonny, Read and the rest of the crew were infamous in the Caribbean.
When capture was imminent, only Anne and Mary fought against Barnet's men.
Dad-Lawyer William Cormac
Mom-Maid Peg Brennan
Born in-County Cork, Ireland
Between 1697 and 1705. After Anne was born, William moved his family to South Carolina, where he bought a large plantation.
Young Anne was spirited and tough. Johnson reports that she once badly beat up a young man who had showed an interest in her, against her will.
Nevertheless, she fell for a penniless sailor named James Bonny.
The young couple set out for New Providence, where Anne's husband made a meager living turning in pirates for bounties.
She evidently lost all respect for James Bonny.
Anne soon became pregnant and went to Cuba to have the child.
Anne Bonny was born March 8, 1702
Later Life of Anne Bonny
Mary Read died in prison
Anne Bonny died at the age of 20 on April 25, 1782.
No one is sure of Anne Bonny's death.
Some say her father had connections with some people.
According to legend, Bonny (dressed as a man).
Read then confessed that she was a woman, too.
Anne Bonny
Mary Read
Anne Bonny & Mary Read
Anne Bonny
Anne Bonny -
-Mary Read
Anne Bonny's Baby Celia
Anne Bonny & James Bonny
Anne Bonny
William Cormac
Peg Brennan
Anne Bonny fights John Silver
John Silver
Wanted for Piracy
John Silver did not like Anne Bonny
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Pirates- Anne Bonny
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text:
Heavyweight boxing champ Wladimir Klitschko and his actress fiancée Hayden Panettiere have been dating for over six years. Here are the details about their new baby.
Boxer Wladimir Klitschko and actress and singer fiancee Hayden Panettiere have been dating for over six years. Check out pictures of the power-couple here.
Hayden Panettiere and Wladimir Klitschko are having a baby. Let's celebrate by learning more about the engaged couple.
On the Nashville finale, Rayna makes her choice between Luke and Deacon, and Juliette decides to leave Highway 65.
Nashville wraps up tonight with its second season finale and all the characters' relationships are in jeopardy.
Hayden Panettiere is officially engaged as she confirmed it on "Live With Kelly and Michael" while a snake was wrapped around her neck. Watch the video to see!
Hayden Panettiere loves to seduce and caress her way into titillating photographs. Who are we to judge?
Get your fill of the hottest WAGS in the NFL just in time for the 2012 season.
Your choices this weekend: a outdated slasher flick, a family movie about talking birds, or a historical snoozer. Maybe you'd like to watch some basketball?
It's probably too cold to head down to the harbor and ogle hotties, but that's what the internet is for. So please, let us treat you to the 20 Hottest Babes on Boats.
20 extremely hot pictures of Heroes and Alpha & Omega star Hayden Panettiere. What more do you need?
The Virginity Hit drops this week, and I figured it'd be sweet to take a dive back through cinema history and give props to the hottest girls in the history of teen movies.
In the spirit of our Founding Fathers, all of whom appreciated a foxy lass in scanty clothing, today we present to you twenty ultra-patriotic women clad in nothing but the American flag.
It's 2010 and bikini season is here. The celebrities who are currently whipping themselves into shape have missed the deadline. Here's our tribute to those sexy celebrities who have the best beach bodies out there. You may be surprised at some of the candidates.
Hey, did you hear? Sandra Bullock and Scarlett Johansson sucked face at the MTV Movie Awards, and it was awesome. Because two hot girls kissing, no matter how craven the publicity stunt, is always awesome.


text:
Every Single 'Simpsons' Episode Available For Your Streaming Needs
Starting in August all 530 episodes of The Simpsons will be available to stream on the FX network's new services, well app, "TV Everywhere". Along with the shows 530 episodes, the newer seasons will be added later for your streaming needs.
The app will also reportedly feature programming from FX's various channels and will be available to those who are subscribed to participating cable providers (AT&T U-verse, Cablevision's Optimum TV, Comcast, Suddenlink and WOW!). IOS and Windows devices, including Xbox One, will also be able to access FXNow on various apps with apps for apps for Android, Xbox 360, Roku and Samsung launching in the spring.
The 26th (got damn) season of The Simpsons kicks off in September


text:
Scott Franzke is in his sixth year as the lead radio play by play voice of the Philadelphia Phillies.
Scott Hairston is an 11 year MLB veteran, now with the New York Mets after spending time with Arizona, San Diego, and Oakland. He's batting .249 this year with 12 HR and 34 RBIs.
Why does this matter to you?
Well, you see, 5 of those 12 HRs from Hairston have come against the Phillies this season. This year and last, Hairston has killed the Phillies, repeatedly. The most recent examples came last week when Hairston hit home runs in back to back games on July 4th and 5th.
Obviously frustrated with his club's inability to get the journeyman outfielder out, Franzke let rip during a commercial break on July 4th after a 4th inning Hairston home run off Cliff Lee. The roundtripper put New York up 1-0 at the time, but Philadelphia would go on to win 9-2. At the time though, Hairston's home run gave us this great outburst from Franzke (NSFW)...
"Somebody figure out how to f*#&ing get Scott Hairston out!! He stinks!! Jesus Christ!!"
Too bad there's no footage of Franzke from the July 5th game when Hairston homered, the Phils lost that game 6-5.
(H/T The Outside Corner)
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text:
People at Savannah: mahdi rasooli Profile
Follows the Profile of mahdi rasooli <mahdix>.
Open Items submitted by mahdi rasooliNone found
Open Items assigned to mahdi rasooliNone found
General Information
|Real Name:
|mahdi rasooli
|Login Name:
|Email Address:
|Site Member Since:
|Wed Jul 19 15:44:41 2006
|This user did not enable his/her Resume & Skills.
Project/Group Information
- GNU C Tutorial in Persian [Farsi]
Member since Wed Jul 19 16:01:11 2006
You Could Send a Message if you were logged in.


text:
Chapter 2
When you've lived as long as I have, love is hard to hold on to. Especially when all you know are your family and humans. Well, for the most part.. Irena is a witch. Once you find the person you love, pray they are another immortal. Turning humans is a hassle and doesn't always work out well. I'm lucky enough to have found a dragon. I met him when he was still a young on, only 50 years old. We've been best friends until a few years ago when we started dating. Then he proposed. Rogal Zudora is now a 400 year old Golden dragon. Although He has a human form too, obviously.
Nothing makes me happier than being near him. It's a little strange for us to pair up, but we make it work. My mother was disappointed I couldn't find a Vampire but she really likes Rogal so she approves.
"Time to put on your dress and veil. Irena, get the bouquets, please." My mother says, helping get everything organized and on schedule. Irena nods and hurries to the neighboring room. I slip into the dress easily and mum zips up the back while Madeline helps my with my veil. Irena returns with the bouquets, made of yellow and white roses, and hands them out to us. My own bouquet is the size of my head twice. The fragrance floats through my senses like a fish through calm water., it fills me and I smile, calmer now that I'm standing and ready to go.
"Glenna, it's time." My father says as he takes my arm. I close my eyes for a moment to stop myself from crying. My life with the most perfect person is about to start... Just the isle and our vows to go through. Sigh.


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hatred among those who have never before met.
Parents who believe what they say is right no matter what truth you may hold before them.
Complaints and death wishes from a friend
Ill and sick week apron week. Coughing and sneezing and having the energy drained.
your life control by strangers whom you will never meet.


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|Hand Laid Glass
|Fin Setup:
|Single Fin Set-Up
|Manufacturer Warranty:
|1 Year
Olympian Tommy Czeschin grew up riding his snowboard in the park and half pipe and now spends his time wakesurfing on Crowley Lake, outside of Mammoth. When he''s looking for the ultimate in Skim style riding, he reaches for his ultra-popular TC Skim design. The clean single concave feeds into a Quad Channel Dual Winged Tail for lift, control, and flight. No other board in Liquid Force''s lineup gives the rider that true Skim Feel that is needed for playful Lip Tricks on the wave. These features help Tommy transfer his skills from the snow to the water. Olympian Approved, the TC Skim is the best for those looking to get radical on the wake!
TC Skim
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Korean Salad 21 recipes
- Salad with Gochujang Sauce and MayonnaiseHere's a recipe to make easy salad served with Korean sauce and mayonnaise. You can also serve it with soft-poached eggs instead of soft-boiled eggs. It's a spicy dish.Soft-boiled (or soft-poached) eggs, Red leaf lettuce, Sangchu Korean Lettuce, Japanese leek (finely chopped), Garlic (grated), Soy sauce
- Sweet, Salty, and Sour Wakame Salad with Bibimbap Noodle SauceI created this wakame salad tossed with bibimbap noodle sauce to go with other Korean barbeque dishes.Salted wakame (dried wakame), Cucumber, Lettuce or red leaf lettuce, Japanese leek (or onion), ♣ Gochujang, ♣ Vinegar, ♣ Mentsuyu
- Boiled Pork with Korean Style Red Chili & Vinegar Miso SauceYou can enjoy refreshing meat even during the hot days of summer. This Korean sauce contains garlic and is filled with vegetables to boost your stamina.Thinly sliced pork, Cucumber, Daikon radish sprouts, Myoga ginger, Korean Sauce (Recipe ID: 2316169), Sake, Water (to boil)
- Seared Bonito and Green Onion Salad with Korean All-Purpose SeasoningAs long as you have all-purpose seasoning on hand, just toss it in to dress up the salad. You'll be surprised at how delicious bonito sashimi and green onion slices can be.Bonito sashimi (seared bonito), Onion (sliced), Daikon radish sprouts, Green onion, finely chopped, Korean all-purpose seasoning (Recipe ID: 1522567)
- Spicy Korean Style Dried Shredded Daikon SaladEnjoy the spicy flavor of gochujang and crunchy texture of the daikon!Kiriboshi daikon, Carrot, 1. Vinegar, 2. Oyster sauce, 3. Sunchang gochujang, 4. Sesame oil, 5. Sugar
- Chrysanthemum Greens & Chicken with Sesame SauceThis is a sesame sauce-flavored dish filled with chicken breast and fragrant chrysanthemum greens.Chrysanthemum greens, Chicken breast, Ground sesame seeds, Soy sauce, Sugar, Salt, Sesame oil
- Boiled Chicken with Korean DressingThis Korean-style salad is a twist on the usual Chinese dressing.Boiled chicken Recipe ID: 2564923, Tomato, Lettuce, Apple or pear, Chinese dressing Recipe ID: 2563112, Vinegar
- Korean-style Seared Skipjack TunaThis is a Korean flavored dish with spicy dressing! The cucumber is delicious too.Seared or sashimi skipjack tuna (bonito or katsuo), Cucumbers (small), White part of a Japanese leek , finely shredded, White or black sesame seeds...


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This savings account as offered by HDFC is a no-frills, nil minimum balance account that comes with a free ATM-cum-Debit card that will give you access to one of the widest bank and ATM network in the country and will satisfy all your personal banking requirements.
Highlights of HDFC Basic Savings Bank Deposit Account
|HDFC Bank
|HDFC Basic Savings Bank Deposit Account
|Minimum Balance Requirement
|Interest Rate
|4% per annum
|Debit Card
|RuPay Card
HDFC Basic Savings Bank Deposit Account Eligibility & Documentation
|Any resident Individual or Hindu Undivided Family (HUF) can open a basic savings bank deposit account
|KYC Documents - ID proof and address proof documents
Features of HDFC Basic Savings Bank Deposit Account
|Cash Withdrawals
|4 free cash withdrawals a month after which Rs.100 will be charged for cash transactions at branches
|Cheque book
|Offered at a charge of Rs.5 per cheque leaf
|International Debit Card
|Offered at a cost of Rs.100 per annum on request
|Cash and cheque deposits
|Passbook Facility
|Free for all cardholders
Fees and Charges on HDFC Basic Savings Bank Deposit Account
|Average Monthly Balance (AMB)
|Charges of Non-Maintenance
|Hold Statement
|Rs.400 per year
|Issuance of duplicate passbook
|Standing instruction charges
|Rs.25 per transaction plus remittance charges
|ATM/Debit card transaction charges
|First 5 transactions free across all cities. After that, Rs.20 for financial transactions and Rs.8.5 for non-financial transactions will be charged
|Account closure charges
|Nil for up to 14 days.
15 days to 12 months - Rs.500 (Rs.300 for senior citizens)
Nil for beyond 12 months


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Donuts Pave the Way for Domain Name Shifts
There's a new trend in the world of domain names: Live websites are being sold in tandem with in-demand domain names, and the first buyer is a donut company. Up for grabs at auction was the right to sell domains ending in .reise, German for travel, and there's a lot more at stake than meets the eye. This is just a hint at how the whole domain naming system will operate in the future since generic top level domains (or gTLDs) are slated to become a popular asset that's tradable. In the past, these were a "sticky" part of a business that wasn't able to be sold or transferred.
According to reports, Donuts paid a hefty sum for the .reise. It's unknown exactly how much they ponied up, but the bid began at $400,000 and Donuts beat out three other bidders. Already, Donuts has .reisen so snagging .reise is a natural next move. Heise reports that the original .reise owner decided to sell after finding out Donuts scored .reisen and might be taken by a complementary gTLD.
One Tasty Treat
Heise also reports that the Donuts company owner Axel Schwiersch "had unexpectedly bad luck" when he found out a US competitor "was under better conditions at the start due to a more favorable place at the draw." Now, there are just over 4,100 .reisen domains and about 1,300 .reise domains registered. By German standards, both gTLDs are relatively popular and can nearly be used interchangeably. However, auctioning off .reise at all suggests there are big changes in the domain registries sales as a whole.
Consider this: .co was sold in 2014 for an incredible $109 million (it went to Neustar post-2009 relaunch). Initially, the .co was designed for startups, but it's gone on to achieve success for all types of businesses. Even 15 years ago, the rights for .tv sold for $50 million to Tuvalu and would likely sell for much more today. Now, everything from .xyz to .london is selling at incredible prices and there's no sign of it slowing down anytime soon.
A New Market
Prior to expansion, only 22 gTLDs existed (obviously, the most popular was .com). However, since 2014 alone over 50 brand new gTLDs have been put on the market. It's expected that at least 500 more will be available by the time 2015 comes to a close. So far, companies are going for just one new gTLD but that may shift. There are also exceptions, such as a handful of companies picking up hundreds of TLDs at a time. Donuts has 307 applications for domains and Google has 101.
gTLDs are also being seen as an investment opportunity, and many owners have said they plan to sell in a few years. However, switching to a fluid market for gTLDs might impact a plethora of domain owners. It's no surprise that .com registries are getting more expensive each year, but what people don't realize is that whoever owns gTLDs can charge whatever they like. Currently, most gTLDs charge between $10 and $50 per year. However, there are absolutely no regulations in place that can stop a gTLD owner from charging thousands overnight if that strikes their fancy.


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It only takes a minute to get started. Fill out our uncomplicated sign up form and login to the website.
This step is noncompulsory but will greatly enhance your chances of getting interest from other over 50s members on the site. Tell people about yourself, your interests and attach any nice photographs of yourself.
Utilise our website's advanced search to discover over 50s members who match your desired requirements. Or just flip through listings and discover daters that you like.
Found someone who appeals to you? Send a note to them or just a wink and see if they're interested. With a little luck you'll be on your way to a once in a lifetime experience.
It doesn't take long


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Steven Slater was fed up of working for a--holes, so he hit the slide.
by dsfswdfsf August 09, 2010
Joe hit the slide when he quit by leaving the boss at the interstate rest stop on the way back from the conference in Tucson.
by boscojones August 11, 2010
The Urban Dictionary Mug
One side has the word, one side has the definition. Microwave and dishwasher safe. Lotsa space for your liquids.Buy the mug


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Giving away a lot of TF2 items!
Discussion in 'Dumpster' started by shiawase, Oct 15, 2016.
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$3.99(From the forward) We are confronted by demands for social reconstruction. These pose grave problems with far-reaching implications. This books is written with the conviction that their solution must be looked for along lines not yet considered. Its aim is to show what has to be done in order that social demands coming from a larger part of mankind may be turned in the direction of conscious
The Spiritual Ground of Education
by Rudolf Steiner and 1 moreThese lectures follow from those presented in Soul Economy. Given during a conference on spiritual values in education and life and attended by many prominent people of the time, Steiners Oxford lectures present the principles of Waldorf education at the highest cultural level. The Manchester Guardian reported: Dr. Steiners lectures ... brought to us in a very vivid way an ideal of humanity in
$9.99Usually, motivating ourselves to geth through the demands of daily life is difficult enough; finding the will to excel is even harder. Our occupations can become routine and boring, leading us to to ask: What is the purpose of my work? Is it merely to satisfy the demands of survival, which in turn simply allows me to keep working? Or is it a matter of more disposable income and consumerism? In the
$4.99The six lectures in this volume were given one month before the opening of the first Waldorf School in Stuttgart in September 1919, in the context of Germany's post-war social ferment. Steiner points to negative tendencies present in modern social life as inner drowsiness, mechanization, and animalization. Attempts to find a social solution must include not only economics and legal rights, but
The Renewal of the Social Organism
by Rudolf Steiner and 2 moreHistory often provides insight into the present. Consider the American South one hundred and fifty years ago, for example. There, human rights and economic servitude were compressed onto a single domain for black Americans. They became a means of production that could be bought and sold as a commodity. In many parts of the South, it was forbidden to teach blacks to read. Control by law of
Biography and Waldorf Education
by Willi AeppliWhere do abilities of soul and spirit originate? What does the seed look like that becomes visible when transformed into a flower? Why do we see withering and atrophy instead of the awaiting soul forces? Where do the tendencies lie that later appear as physical health or organic disease?... I realize very quickly that, in order to follow the seed's hidden transformations into flower and fruit, I
$9.99Topics in these eight lectures include: Lecture 1, the first reference to eurhythmy; deals with the fourth mystery play, The Souls' Awakening. Lecture 2: Ahriman and Lucifer are both necessary and cannot be driven away, but must be balanced. Lecture 3: Elemental world; the first condition is the ability to transform into a foreign being. Lecture 4: In ascent from elemental world to spiritual
The Evolution of the Earth and Man and the Influence of the Stars
by Rudolf Steiner and 1 moreJust as we have natural desires for food, shelter, and human contact so we have a spiritual desire for knowldege. All too often the obstacles to satisfying this desire are so great that in the end we silence our questions and give up hope of knowing. In this book we meet the thirst for knowldge of a group of workmen as they put questions to Rudolf Steiner. They want to know about everything from
by Rudolf Steiner and 1 moreAlthough much has been achieved in the 20th century, we have not yet learned how to educate our children correctly. We are content to fill them with intellectual knowledge which destroys their natural curiosity and produces people who orient themselves in one-sided materialistic values. A totally new approach to education was designed by Rudolf Steiner, the Austrian Philosopher and thinker. His
The Cincinnati Lectures of 1959 on the Philosophy of Education, Volume 10
by Bernard Lonergan and 4 moreCollected Works of Bernard Lonergan #10 Bernard Lonergan devoted much of his life's work to developing a generalized method of inquiry, an integrated view which would overcome the fragmentation of knowledge in our time. In Topics in Education Lonergan adapts that concern to the practical needs of educators. Traditionalist and modernist notions of education are both criticized. Lonergan attempts to work out, in the context of the human
Community Colleges and the Promise of Educational Opportunity in America, 1900-1985
by Steven Brint and 1 moreIn the twentieth century, Americans have increasingly looked to the schools--and, in particular, to the nation's colleges and universities--as guardians of the cherished national ideal of equality of opportunity. With the best jobs increasingly monopolized by those with higher education, the opportunity to attend college has become an integral part of the American dream of upward mobility. The two


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© Lunenburg County Historical Society 2012
Web Design by Robert Ylkos
Fort Point, in the village of LaHave, is the site of the First Capital of New France. The Dublin Bay area was first visited by Samuel de Champlain in 1604, when he and Sieur de Monts anchored in Green Bay for 4 days before travelling on to the Bay of Fundy. In 1632, Commander Isaac de Razilly, first Viceroy and Lieutenant General of New France, built Fort Ste. Marie de Grace on the point of land at the mouth of the LaHave River. It was, from 1632-36, the First Capital of New France. Today, this site is known as Fort Point, a National Historic Site and home of Fort Point Museum and Lighthouse. This community museum is operated by the Lunenburg County Historical Society.
What's Happening at the museum
Are you looking for a unique venue
Due to renovations, our viewing platform will remain closed until further notice. We apologize for the inconvenience.
ATTENTON VISITORS: Due to renovations, our viewing platform and lighthouse tower will be unavailable this season.
Museum Open daily from June 1st to September 1st, 10:00 am - 5:00 pm. Grounds open all year round.
Lobster Supper
Sunday May 28
5:00, 5:30, 6:30 sittings
$30, $25 for members
Phone 902-543-5709 for reservations


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Amanda Christine Smith Model
Ashes GModel Female North Hampton, New Hampshire, US
My MM URL: http://www.modelmayhem.com/Agoy2626
Mayhem # 1135885
About Me
Sorry but I know longer Model, No longer have the body for it. feel free to enjoy my old work. as such I will keep this page up.
Have you worked with Ashes G? Add Credits for Ashes G! >>
Credit Notes
Photographers I have worked with:
Stills in Motion - MM#775238 *
Raj Jain - MM#44719
MStone - MM#16686
BobPhoto - MM#193205 *
Eli Badger - MM#73
Dick OBrien - MM#386767
HD Digital Photos - MM#766234
Chuck Underhill Photography - MM#786423
Elias Polcheira- MM#1340440
A Discreet Exposure MM#663988
Mark Fleming MM#487657
Mere-Image Photography MM#1079832
Stewart Smith Photography #23870
Make Artists I have worked with:
Elle Wilcox MM#1392382
Ella Schwotzer MM#1026621
Amanda Garner
Susan G Komen Fashion Show 10/25/09
Amanda Christine Smith Model
Stills In Motion Photographer
Leah Hilton Model
Mere Image Photography Photographer
A Discreet Exposure Photographer
Eli Badger Photographer
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