text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Nov 6, 2007
|Filing date
|Apr 11, 2006
|Priority date
|Apr 10, 2001
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Erica Tsai, John C. Tsai
|Original Assignee
|Erica Tsai, Tsai John C
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (47), Referenced by (20), Classifications (20), Legal Events (3)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 10/711,355, filed Sep. 13, 2004, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,025,265, issued Apr. 11, 2006, which is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 10/371,928, filed Feb. 21, 2003, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,789,738, issued Sep. 14, 2004, which is a divisional of application Ser. No. 09/835,961, filed Apr. 10, 2001, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,561,420, issued May 13, 2003.
The present invention relates generally to dynamic magnetic information storage or retrieval, and more particularly to a specific record carrier structure wherein the record is operationally in the nominal form of a rectangular card that can be moved linearly in a swipe-like manner, moved rotationally in a disk-like manner, or held stationary for information storage or retrieval.
The business or calling card has a long history and is widespread in almost all of modern society today. Such cards contain human visible indicia on a front face, and are typically blank or contain a small amount of additional visible indicia on the back face. These cards have, however, proven quite cost effective even for distributing the small amount of data which they can carry. They are typically made of inexpensive paper or plastic material to begin with, and their manufacture, typically by printing and cutting from larger stock is also notably inexpensive. In use, these cards are easily stored, transported, and distributed in bulk. When they are received, individually, all of this prompts their recipients to store those cards considered important and otherwise readily dispose of them.
Unfortunately, the business or calling card has not evolved as modern society has. Today we use machines to assist us by collecting, storing, categorizing, acting on data, and deleting it when finished with it. It would be nice if the business or calling card could be used by our machines for this, particularly by electronic and computerized devices like personal computers, cellular telephones, and navigational aids, but viable systems for this have yet to appear. This can be appreciated by examining some examples of attempts to modernized the business or calling card.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,945,219 by Tanaka teaches a calling card with visible data on one side and magnetically encoded data in stripes on another side. The encoded data in the card is read by passing (linearly) the card through a reader. As such, this prior art does not teach or suggest encoding data which can be read rotationally, adding identifiers to facilitate use of the encoded data, or the reader being able to automatically or particularly act on specific types of the encoded data.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,493,105 by Desai teaches a business card system with printed data on one side and encoded data in a magnetic stripe on another side. The encoded data in the card is read by passing (linearly) the card through a reader, and the reader may be coupled to a computer control system (e.g., a conventional personal computer) able to automatically act on some types of the encoded data. As such, this prior art does not teach or suggest encoding data which can be read rotationally.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,107,099 by Smith teaches a memory card system with encoded data in a magnetizable layer on one side (provision for printed data is apparently not contemplated). The memory card is read by rotating the card in a large assembly relative to an external fixed reference. A specialized tray may be used for mounting the memory card into a readout apparatus. As such, this prior art does not teach or suggest visible data, encoding data which can be read linearly, encoding data which can be read rotationally (wherein the card is rotated about an axis there through), or the reader being able to automatically or particularly act on specific types of the encoded data.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,477,618 by Ravi teaches a business card system with printed indicia on one side and data in a magnetic strip on another side. The magnetic strip may be rectangular, for linear reading, or may be curvilinear to permit mounting the business card on a sheet which, in turn, is mounted in a floppy diskette carrier that is inserted into a conventional 5�″ floppy disk drive to read the card. Accordingly, the card here also is read by rotation in a large assembly relative to an fixed reference external to the card itself. As such, this prior art does not teach or suggest encoding data which can be read rotationally (wherein the card is rotated about an axis there through), or the reader being able to automatically or particularly act on specific types of the encoded data.
U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,844,757 and 6,011,677 by Rose teach data storage cards and an adapter to read the cards (rotationally) in a personal computer floppy disk drive. Visible data may appear on one side of the card and magnetically encoded data on another side. Single or dual openings enable the card to be engaged within the adapter, aligned, and rotated for reading. As such, this prior art does not teach or suggest encoding data which can be read linearly, or the reader being able to automatically or particularly act on specific types of the encoded data. It also depends on the use of its openings in the card, which are unconventional in business and calling cards, and particularly tends to interfere with the visible data if such were present in its conventional location.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,942,744 by Kamo et al. teaches a magnetic (and optical) card system encoded data in arcs (or regions read as arcs) on one side. Printed or visible data is apparently not mentioned, but reference to the card as a replacement for prior art business and credit cards suggests such is contemplated. This card is intended for use in a specialized, dual-head unit. While the dual read heads do rotate about axes passing through the card, neither axis is centered with respect to the card. As such, this prior art does not teach or suggest encoding data which can be read linearly, or the reader being able to automatically or particularly act on specific types of the encoded data. The mechanism necessary for reading the card is also quite unconventional, as can readily be appreciated by the figures in this reference.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,864,125 by Szabo teaches a data input card including a picture or text field, miniature map segments (images), and bar-coded data which provides coordinates of a destination point. The card is electro-optically read by insertion into a slot in a global positioning system (GPS) device, which presents one of the miniature map segments (images having different map scales are taught) on a display and which instructs a user, visibly or audibly, how to reach the destination point based on the bar-coded data and a current position determined with the GPS device. As such, this prior art does not teach or suggest magnetic encoding, or reading data rotationally. In particular, the GPS device is also unconventional when the optical map segment viewer, bar code reader, and audio capabilities are provided.
In sum, none of the known prior art combines both linear and true (about a central card axis) rotational read capability. This art, generally, also contemplates using either simple linear, swipe motion type readers or complex linear or curvilinear motion type readers which will not work in modern 3.5″ form factor assemblies desired in equipment such as today's personal computers. Furthermore, the awkwardness of even the present linear motion type systems is emphasized by the fact that common devices, like cellular telephones and personal digital assistants (PDAs) have not incorporated small, cheap linear type read heads. To the extent that the known prior art does provide any ability to automatically act on data, such is accomplished with unconventional and expensive equipment. Accordingly, the benefits of the ubiquitous business or calling card have yet to be effectively and economically realized in our modern, mechanized society and a more suitable information card system is needed.
Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a system for distributing data which is, at least in part, visually readable by human users and also, at least in part machine readable.
Briefly, one preferred embodiment of the present invention is an information card for distributing data. The information card has a front and back surfaces, and four edges defining a rectangular shape resembling a conventional business or calling card. The information card includes visually-recognizable indicia on its the front surface, in the traditional manner of such conventional business or calling cards. On its back surface the information card includes at least one stripe zone and a ring zone that are suitable to contain magnetically recorded instances of the data, and the information card also includes a radio-frequency identification (RFID) tag able to store instances of the data. At least one of the zones is readable by placing the information card proximate to a stationary read mechanism, and the RFID tag is readable by placing the information card proximate to a RFID interrogator.
An advantage of the present invention is that it provides a system for distributing data in manners which are visually readable by human users, magnetically readable by linear, rotary, and stationary type reading machines, and electronically readable by a radio-frequency interrogator.
Another advantage of the invention is that its media, an "information card," may be chosen to resemble conventional business or calling cards, with visually readable indicia for human users on one side, magnetically recorded data on another side, and electronically stored data within an integrated circuit stored within. The information card may also be constructed largely of similar materials as such conventional cards, making the information cards easy and inexpensive to manufacture, and encouraging their ready and wide distribution and usage. Those receiving the information card may keep them, "download" the data they contain, or simply dispose of them, as they see fit.
Another advantage of the invention is that the data which is stored magnetically or electronically in them may be stored with data identifiers, so that the reader may store the data or act automatically with respect to it when reading such a data identifier. Notably, such data identifiers can conform with the Smart Tag format that is increasingly used by extensible markup language (XML) based software.
Another advantage of the invention is that the magnetically and electronically stored data may be stored in multiple manners. For example, multiple machine readable formats can be supported and the data can be stored in multiple human languages.
Another advantage of the invention is that it may employ popular and widely available mechanisms for reading the data being distributed. The information card media can be swiped linearly through a linear reader. Many linear readers are already in use today, and adding such to systems like cellular telephones and personal computers is quite feasible because of the potential small size and low cost of linear reader mechanisms.
Card-stationary readers can also be used, and in systems like cellular telephones and personal digital assistants (PDAs) these provide additional benefits, such as increasing data read-write speed, simplifying card orientation by users, and eliminating read-write inconsistency due to speed variation.
Alternately, the information card media can be rotated in the manner of a disk in a rotary reader. Many rotary readers are also already in use, such as the very common example of removable disk drive units in personal computers. In this regard, embodiments of the invention can operate with the information card being mounted in a cartridge which, in turn, is mounted in a conventional floppy disk drive to read the information card.
These and other objects and advantages of the present invention will become clear to those skilled in the art in view of the description of the best presently known mode of carrying out the invention and the industrial applicability of the preferred embodiment as described herein and as illustrated in the several figures of the drawings.
The purposes and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following detailed description in conjunction with the appended drawings in which:
In the various figures of the drawings, like references are used to denote like or similar elements or steps.
A preferred embodiment of the present invention is a system for distributing data. As illustrated in the various drawings herein, and particularly in the view of
The preferred dimensions and shape of the information card 12, particularly when it is used with the rotary reader 14 b, are nominally the same as those of conventional business cards. The front surface 18 may therefore be defined for discussion as having a face width 22, a face height 24, and a central axis 26 (normal to the drawing page). The thickness of the information card 12 may also be nominally that of a conventional business card.
The information card 12 can be constructed of any material suitable for marking with the visible indicia 20 and magnetic zones (described presently). The material used desirably has adequate stiffness and durability for repeated linear swiping of the information card 12 through the linear reader 14 a, for rotation of it within the cartridge 16, and for handling when placing it proximate to the stationary sensor 15 a, 15 b of a stationary reader 14 c, 14 d. The material also may be chosen to be inexpensive, thus making the information card 12 economical and even disposable. Accordingly, paper and plastic materials make excellent substrates for the information card 12.
A circular boundary 28 (dashed line) is shown centered on the central axis 26, to represent the size of a conventional 3.5″ floppy diskette. When the information card 12 is mounted into the cartridge 16 and rotated therein, much in the manner of such a diskette, the circular boundary 28 represents a constraint on the size of the information card 12. To increase the face width 22 and face height 24, and thus increase the effective usable area of the front surface 18 (and also the back surface), the corners 30 of the information card 12 may be rounded as shown in
Another option is to make the entire back surface 32 of the information card 12 one large magnetic media region, or a large single media region aside from the contact area 38. When this is done the stripe zones 34 and the ring zone 36 may be writable/readable regions within the single magnetic media region. Making the zones 34, 36 and the contact area 38 distinct and visible has the benefit, however, of permitting users of the information card 12 to readily and intuitively recognize it as distinct from mere conventional business cards.
A left stripe zone 34 a and a right stripe zone 34 b are shown in
The stripe zones 34 shown in
The ring zone 36 is desirably centered about the central axis 26, and thus also centrally on the back surface 32. This permits writing and reading data stored in the ring zone 36 by rotating the information card 12 in the manner of a disk. In fact, the ring zone 36 may particularly be made format compatible with a conventional 3.5″ floppy disk drive. This will be described further with discussion of the cartridge 16, below.
The inventors anticipate that in many embodiments the stripe zones 34 and the ring zone 36 will contain the same data as appears in the humanly visible indicia 20. However, due to the inherently large storage capacity provided by the size of the zones 34, 36 and the nature of magnetic media, much more data may be stored in the zones 34, 36 than in the humanly visible indicia 20. The stripe zones 34 and the ring zone 36 may contain the same data, all or in part, but this is merely a matter of choice and is not a requirement or limitation.
The contact area 38 is centrally located in the back surface 32 of the information card 12. Its purpose is to receive contact with a hub in the cartridge 16, which is in turn driven by a spindle in the rotary reader 14 b. For this reason the contact area 38 desirably has an appreciable friction or adhesion to facilitate positive engagement with the hub. The inherent nature of the material used for the information card 12 may provide for suitable engagement, or the contact area 38 may be treated to provide such, e.g., by roughening it or by coating it with an adhesive. The contact area 38 may, optionally, be retreated slightly from the overall plane of the back surface 32. This can help when stacking many of the information cards 12 together, and can minimize their sticking together if the contact area 38 is adhesive.
The cartridge 16 has a bottom cover 40 and a top cover 42 which are attached together at one side by a hinge 44. This permits the cartridge 16 to open and close in a clamshell-like manner. A latch 46 is provided opposite the hinge 44, to permit locking the cartridge 16 closed, as it is depicted in
The bottom cover 40 includes a rotatably movable hub 48. The preferred hub 48 has a lower part 48 a and an upper part 48 b. When the cartridge 16 is loaded into a rotary reader 14 b (
The upper part 48 b of the hub 48 has a flat engagement area 54 on top which is suitable to engage with the contact area 38 of an information card 12. As is the case for the contact area 38, this engagement area 54 may have a friction or adhesion property chosen to facilitate positive engagement with the contact area 38.
The top cover 42 of the cartridge 16 includes a centrally located bearing unit 56. When the cartridge 16 is closed, a contained information card 12 rests atop the engagement area 54 on the hub 48 and beneath, typically in light contact with, the bearing unit 56. The preferred bearing unit 56, depicted in
When the cartridge 16 is loaded into the rotary reader 14 b (floppy disk drive), upward engagement of the spindle with the hub 48 raises it such that the engagement area 54 and the contact area 38 mate and the information card 12 is trapped. The bearing unit 56 permits further self-aligning of the information card 12 within the cartridge 16 as this occurs. In particular, however, the main role of the bearing unit 56 is to permit driven rotation of the information card 12 with force applied via the hub 48 from the spindle of the rotary reader 14 b.
The bottom cover 40 includes a port 58 by which a read (and/or write) head in the rotary reader 14 b may be brought close to and read data in the ring zone 36 (
The bottom cover 40 further includes alignment guides 62, against which an information card 12 can be abutted as it is loaded by a user. Three such alignment guides 62 are shown but more or less can be used. With brief reference back to
In summary, the information card 12 can be manually "swiped" through a linear reader 14 a to read or write data magnetically in one or more stripe zones 34 of the information card 12. This may be substantially the same as is done for reading or writing conventional credit card magnetic strips. Alternately, the information card 12 can be loaded into the cartridge 16, which is in turn loaded into the rotary reader 14 b. The rotary reader 14 b is then able to read or write data magnetically in the ring zone 36 of the information card 12 in essentially the same manner that it can read or write data from a conventional floppy disk. Yet alternately, a stationary reader 14 c, 14 d can be employed and the information card 12 can simply be placed proximate to a stationary sensor 15 a, 15 b for reading or writing the data.
The stripe zones 34 and in the ring zone 36 may store the data magnetically in any appropriate format which the reader 14 can handle. For instance, the data may simply be stored encoded in ASCII, if desired, and error checking and correcting codes may be used. Multiple encodings of the data in entirely different formats are possible concurrently.
As previously noted, the stripe zones 34 and the ring zone 36 typically will contain a superset of the data present in humanly visible indicia 20 on the front surface 18 of the information card 12. This may be as a machine readable encoded version of the data, and pictures, trademark drawings, corporate logos, etc. can even be included as digital image data. Alternately, or more typically additionally, the entire front surface 18 may be provided as a magnetically stored image.
The stripe zones 34 and in the ring zone 36 may optionally also store data identifiers. While card scanners and optical character recognition have long been available, the problem of identifying the data which is provided in a medium like a business card remains. Using data identifiers, the information card 12 can facilitate data recognition, categorization, and storage, particularly into databases. For example, both the stripe zones 34 and the ring zone 36 of an information card 12 may include the following ASCII text:
PersonName: Dr. John Tsai;
Title: President;
Telephone: 1.408.727.4260;
e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com;
CompanyName: Excel Precision Corporation;
CompanyAddress: . . . ; CompanyIncorporation: California, USA; . . . ;
CompanyMainOffice: Santa Clara, California, USA;
CompanySalesOffices(4)Singapore; Tokyo, Japan; Paris, France;
. . . , etc.
When such an information card 12 is read with a reader 14, the data can be entered into a new database record with fields corresponding to the data identifiers, automatically or after user approval. If a database has not been provisioned to include a company's location of incorporation, say, because such is unimportant to the purpose of the database, this datum can simply be ignored. Similarly, if the database has a field for "CellularPhone:" the information card 12 does not have to include data for this (e.g., the Fax filed is empty in the above example). Furthermore, with data identifiers, the ordering of data becomes irrelevant. The fact that "CompanyIncorporation" precedes "CompanyMainOffice" need have no effect on properly reading the data into a database. Additionally, the information card 12 can store data to facilitate the rapidly growing use of Smart Tags today in common software such as word processors, spreadsheets, databases, contact managers, etc. that use extensible markup language (XML).
In appropriate devices, or with appropriate software which are able to work with the reader 14, data identifiers in information cards 12 can be used to automatically initiate actions. A cellular telephone unit (e.g., cellular telephone 17 b) with a suitable reader 14 can read the contents of a data field "Telephone: . . . " and either automatically dial immediately or store the number for later "speed dial" type use. A personal digital assistant with a suitable reader 14 can automatically create a new contact entry and populate it with data from an information card 12 which has been read. Upon loading of a cartridge 16 containing an information card 12, a networked computer (e.g., personal computer 17 a) with a suitable reader 14 can open and address a new e-mail to the contents of "e-mail: . . . " field. Alternately, with a mapping application the personal computer can automatically use "ComapnyGPSData: . . . " to generate a map of the area around a company's office, or to print out driving instruction to a location described in such a field. Of course, storage capacity permitting, the information card 12 itself might contain a map and even general driving instructions, but many will want the flexibility which Global Positioning System (GPS) data can provide and the inventive data distribution system 10 can accommodate this.
Also with appropriate software able to work with the reader 14, data orientators can be provided with the data to facilitate the stationary sensor 15 a, 15 b of a stationary reader 14 c, 14 d reading the data and processing the various fields in it regardless of the orientation of the information card 12 relative to the stationary sensor 15 a, 15 b. This permits incorporating the stationary sensor 15 a, 15 b into a wide range of physical embodiments of the stationary reader 14 c, 14 d, without having to particularly worry about educating users how to orient the information card 12 to the stationary sensor 15 a, 15 b or even to the stationary reader 14 c, 14 d.
Turning now to
For present purposes, it is noteworthy that an RFID tag can generally be either passive, meaning that it obtains energy from an external radio field, or an RFID tag can be active, meaning that it has its own power source. Due to their reliance on external power and the signal strength they can achieve with the limited power they receive, passive RFID tags usually must be closer to a RFID reader in order to be read. Passive RFID tags are also frequently limited in the amount of data that they can transmit once thus energized, and they therefore are often manufactured with smaller data storage capacities than active tags. [Note, the issue is not that a passive tag cannot be manufactured with a large data storage, but rather that entry of the tag into a RF field is usually what is used to "trigger" data transfer and the energy from one such triggering event is limited. This accordingly limits the amount of data that can be transferred before that quanta of energy is used up. More sophisticated circuitry can be used in a passive tag to avoid this limitation, but it tends to undesirably increase tag cost and bulk.]
Also for present purposes, it is noteworthy that RFID technology is controversial. Since the contents of an RFID tag can be read remotely, typically without the holder of a RFID tag being aware of this, RFID tags raise privacy concerns. For example, in the present context, the bearer of an information card 12 with a RFID tag 70 may not want others able to surreptitiously "read" the contents of the information card 12, say as they walk around at a trade show. After all, few people would be comfortable showing a competitor all of the business cards in their pocket.
Accordingly, in some embodiments of the information card 12 it may be adequate that the RFID tag 70 is a passive type, but in other embodiments it may be preferable that the RFID tag 70 is an active type. Also, in some embodiments of the information card 12 having a security feature to prohibit unauthorized reading of the RFID tag 70 may be desirable. As now discussed, there are ways to integrate such features into the inventive information card 12, even accomplishing both of these goals concurrently.
While various embodiments have been described above, it should be understood that they have been presented by way of example only, and not limitation. Thus, the breadth and scope of the invention should not be limited by any of the above described exemplary embodiments, but should be defined only in accordance with the following claims and their equivalents.
The present data distribution system 10 is well suited for application in our modern, highly automated world. The system retains the advantages of human visually-readable media, and adds the advantages of magnetic machine-readability, and also adds advantages of electronic RFID type machine-readability. The data stored and distributed may include, all or in part, the human visually-readable indicia on its information card media, or it may have totally different visible and magnetic content. Furthermore, the magnetic and electronic content may include data encoded in multiple machine readable formats and in multiple human languages.
In particular, the invention adopts and extends upon the conventional business or calling card. The information card media used may be chosen to intentionally resemble such conventional cards, but to employ and expand on the conventional role of these. Users can be expected to readily appreciate the information card as identifying and providing important information about its presenter and yet, particularly if the functional features of the back surface are made visually apparent, to also intuitively appreciate that the information card provides the same or additional information in one or more machine readable formats. Yet for all the additional benefits which the information card permits, it need not cost appreciably more than a conventional business or calling card. The information card media may be inexpensive and readily disposable, just as such conventional cards are, wherein the substrate of the card is the most expensive element in an overall quite inexpensive object.
Unlike conventional cards, the information card is machine readable. This permits its data to be readily employed, even automatically employed. The optional use of recorded data identifiers allows the data to be stored in databases or contact listings, and with appropriate software can cause telephone numbers, GPS data, etc. to be acted upon immediately to deal a telephone device (including pagers, facsimile machines, and other such devices) or to provide a map or route information.
The magnetic readers used by the invention also may be quite flexible, and employ widely available and economical technology. Both linear and rotary type reading machines may be used. Suitable liner readers for this are already in wide use by merchants, and with suitable incentive may readily be adopted by individuals as well. Small, inexpensive linear magnetic readers may also be incorporated into a wide range of common and emerging devices, and thus permitting use of the information card and obtaining the benefits of the present invention. For example, the user of a cell phone with an installed linear reader may simply swipe an information card through the reader and have one or more telephone numbers added to a speed dial database or even one dialed automatically. And similar examples of using information cards with PDAs and GPS devices have also been presented herein.
Rotary type magnetic reading mechanisms are widely used today, including considerable use by individuals. The invention may employ specialized rotary mechanisms, or extend upon and use conventional ones. Common computer systems today almost always have at least on removable media drive unit, typically a 3.5″ floppy disk drive. The present invention may employ a mounting cartridge in which the information card is mounted and then loaded into such a floppy disk drive for reading and writing the data. Furthermore, such mounting cartridges can themselves be quite economical, as the low coast of floppy diskette cartridges evidences. The mounting cartridges can also be made of durable material, if desired.
Similarly, the invention may use electronic readers (RFID interrogators or RFID reads as they are known in the art) that are generally conventional and in use presently or easily incorporated for use with the invention.
For the above, and other, reasons, it is expected that the data distribution system 10 of the present invention will have widespread industrial applicability. Therefore, it is expected that the commercial utility of the present invention will be extensive and long lasting.
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|Vulcan Patents Llc
|Interactive radio frequency tags
|Feb 27, 2006
|Mar 2, 2010
|Enxnet, Inc.
|Optical disc having a reduced planar thickness
|Dec 20, 2007
|May 11, 2010
|Enxnet, Inc.
|Thin optical disc having remote reading capability
|Oct 6, 2006
|Aug 10, 2010
|Enxnet, Inc.
|Thin optical disc having remote reading capability
|Dec 12, 2008
|Feb 15, 2011
|Interval Licensing Llc
|Radio frequency-controlled telecommunication device
|Jul 19, 2006
|Apr 12, 2011
|Colby Steven M
|Electronically switchable RFID tags
|Oct 21, 2010
|Nov 8, 2011
|Interval Licensing Llc
|Interactive radio frequency tags
|Oct 12, 2009
|Aug 26, 2014
|Steven M. Colby
|Passive radio frequency data logger
|Aug 25, 2014
|Nov 15, 2016
|Steven M. Colby
|Electronically switchable RFID tags
|Mar 17, 2015
|Dec 20, 2016
|Mynette Technologies, Inc.
|Switchable epassport including shielding
|Mar 17, 2015
|Feb 14, 2017
|Mynette Technologies, Inc.
|EPassport including shielding method
|Feb 27, 2006
|Sep 7, 2006
|Enxnet, Inc.
|Optical disc having a reduced planar thickness
|Oct 6, 2006
|Apr 19, 2007
|Mark Pempsell
|Thin Optical Disc Having Remote Reading Capability
|Jul 19, 2006
|May 17, 2007
|Colby Steven M
|Electronically Switchable RFID Tags
|Dec 1, 2005
|Jun 21, 2007
|Us Encode Corporation
|Systems and methods for multi-factor authenticating of electronic transactions
|Apr 19, 2007
|Aug 23, 2007
|Bayley Oliver T
|Interactive radio frequency tags
|Dec 20, 2007
|Jan 15, 2009
|Enxnet, Inc.
|Thin Optical Disc Having Remote Reading Capability
|Dec 12, 2008
|Jul 2, 2009
|Bayley Oliver T
|Radio frequency-controlled telecommunication device
|Jul 31, 2009
|Nov 19, 2009
|Bayley Oliver T
|Interactive radio frequency tags
|Oct 12, 2009
|Feb 4, 2010
|Colby Steven M
|Passive Radio Frequency Data Logger
|U.S. Classification
|235/449, 361/737, 340/572.1, 235/493, 235/492, 235/487, 360/131
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Jun 13, 2011
|Maintenance fee reminder mailed
|Nov 6, 2011
|Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees
|Dec 27, 2011
|Expired due to failure to pay maintenance fee
Effective date: 20111106


text:
|Reviews for Intolerance, Acceptance
| crystallized lace chapter 2 . 5/23/2007
You've kinda ditched it! I really like where this has gone so far. I only wish you'd wrote more...:D
| Fancy chapter 2 . 3/22/2003
Huh. Interesting. I've never read Hey Arnold fanfiction before, but I was looking at your profile after having browsed through one of your Sailor Moon stories, and thought, "What the hell." I like the way this's starting out a lot, I'd always kind of wondered what the characters would be like when they were older. I think it's kinda crappy of Nick to have done an actual show like that with the Rugrats, but completely ignore H.A.! ::sniffle:: Maybe some day... But anyway, like I said before, this is starting out nicely! I'm interested in what's going to happen (so maybe I'll go read "Thinking with the Heart"), and I can totally see the futures you've created for these kids (Sid particularly). What about Chocolate Boy and Wolfgang? Will they show up, later (I know they're a year younger and older, respectively, but still!) Anyway, this review is getting *very* long, so I'll just end with: keep up the good work, and I'll be looking forward to seeing more!
| beckie13 chapter 2 . 3/21/2003
wheres the next chapter please write one i want to know what hapens to the new kid.
beckie :)
| MDT chapter 2 . 1/23/2003
Yeah, it's me.
Nah, it's not like eating too much ice cream and not being able to handle the concequences. I'm not confused. I see where they're all gonna tie in and... you know... whatever. Eff it. I'm gonna find out the stuff anyway, why not peep into Eugene's diary?
I didn't do yours all in quick sucession... although it was one after the other... but this new chapter... I'm likin' it. I mean, yeah, since I already know the "Devils" are gonna torment Edward or whatever his name is, (Did I get it right? Edward?) a lot of it is the same old song and dance. But when you think about it, it's the same song with a different beat. THIS IS THE REMIX!
This looking very interesting. I'm very intrigued. Keep writing... I'll stop by some time later when there's more.
| King Cheetah chapter 2 . 1/18/2003
LOL! Too cool!
Keep it coming!
Your Humble Servant,
King Cheetah
| King Cheetah chapter 1 . 1/18/2003
Footnotes? Oh crap, is there gonna be a quiz?
Heh-heh, I love how this is starting out, I've got you on my waych list. A Effort.
Your Humble Servant,
King Cheetah
| Arreiyenne chapter 1 . 1/17/2003
*nods* Good. Good. Out of all the "grown up and gone to high school" HA fics, I like this one the best. Others have the characters changed way too much, I even saw one split up the pair of Helga and Pheobe. _ But this I like. Now I must see to the others.
| MDT chapter 1 . 1/14/2003
Malfoy? Aw, come on!
Well, this is shaping out to be great. You're a sparkplug. It's just bam-bam-BAM! Three stories on the board that all seem like they'll be woth noteriety. Keep doing what you do and I'll keep reading 'em.
And read my story "Same In The End".

subset: commoncrawl


text:
So I've basically come to believe that pulled pork can make anything taste better. Sandwiches, burgers, stir-fries, noodles, spaghetti, everything. Any delicious, simple, home-cooked meal can be made better just by adding some pulled pork to it.
Chili + Pulled Pork = OMG amazing. Really, it's so good.
And, I also just realized that it is almost time for Super Bowl Sunday. And Super Bowl Sundays should be full of pulled pork and chili and more pulled pork and chili.
I also thought I should let you know that, unlike what the recipe says, I actually used pork tenderloin to make the pulled pork. I wouldn't normally but I had a million (ok not quite a million) tons of it in my freezer which left zero room for anything else that needed to be frozen. Anyway, I wanted to let you know that it turned out great, much to my surprise. While I wouldn't buy it specifically to make pulled pork, if you have some tenderloin that you need to use, this makes a great recipe 🙂
If you make this Easy Pulled Pork Chili make sure to snap a pic and tag @theendlessmeal on Instagram so I can like and comment on your photos. I love seeing TEM recipes you create.
- 1 2-3 pound pork butt roast
- 1 cup BBQ sauce
- ½ cup hoisin sauce
- ½ cup brown sugar
- ¼ cup mirin
- A few splashes of soy sauce
- 1 bottle of dark beer
- A few tablespoons of chipotle sauce or chipotles in adobo sauce
- Water or stock to cover
- Salt and pepper to taste
- 5 cups pulled pork
- 2 large onions, minced
- 4 cloves of garlic, minced
- A big splash of red wine or beer
- 2 - 28 ounce cans of whole tomatoes, crushed lightly with your hands
- 5-6 cups of kidney beans
- 2 cups frozen peas
- 2 cups frozen corn
- ¼ cup chili powder
- 2 tablespoons oregano
- 1 teaspoon liquid smoke
- Salt and pepper to taste
- Cut the pork into fist sized chunks. Add all pulled pork ingredients, except salt and pepper, to a medium sized pot, making sure the pork is just barely covered with liquid.
- Bring the pork to a boil then reduce heat to the lowest setting. Simmer, covered, for 2 hours.
- Remove lid from the pot and continue simmering for about 1 more hour. You want the cooking liquid to reduce but not completely disappear.
- After about an hour, remove the pot from the heat and shred pork with 2 forks. Mix well with remaining liquid. If the pork seems to have too much liquid, return pot to medium heat and cook until more of the liquid has evaporated. Season with salt and pepper and set aside.
- Saute onions on medium high heat in a large pot until they begin to soften, about 3 minutes. Add garlic and cook 1 minute more.
- Add chili powder and oregano and cook for about 30 seconds. Add a big splash of red wine or beer to the pot and cook, stirring for 1 minute.
- Add tomatoes, beans and pulled pork to the pot and bring to a simmer. Reduce heat and cook, stirring often for 20 minutes.
- Add peas and corn and cook till they are heated through.
- Season generously with salt and pepper.
Kristen Stevens
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text:
I had a full tummy tuck three weeks ago, and I have read several comments/articles about using wound care products for scar improvement. However, I personally believe is best to leave a wound heal on its own but that does not mean I am right. What is your advise on this? Thank you.
Is It Necessary to Use Wound Care Products on my Tummy Tuck Incision?
Doctor Answers 6
Is It Necessary to Use Wound Care Products
The overwhelming percentage of scars heal uneventfully without intervention. Relatively few surgeons, with the exception of plastic surgeons, bother with any of these products, and their patients do well.
It is clear that when patients show signs of abnormal healing that various products can be of benefit, but no products have been shown to have significant benefit when used on large numbers of normal healers.
Thanks and best wishes.
Scar products not necessary after tummy tuck
Most will heal quite well without the assistance of and scar products after tummy tuck. Some individuals however will benefit from silicone sheeting or liquid such as scarguard, and some will use Mederma. We also find massage with common skin lotions helpful to make the tissue soften. We suggest you wait another month before starting.
Web reference: http://www.peterejohnsonmd.com/tummy-tuck
How to get good tummy tuck scars
Most scars improve over time so it is very difficult to prove that any of the commonly used treatments do much good. I typiccally keep tummy tuck scars taped for 4-6 weeks and that seems to work very well. A product called scar guard from SkinMedica actually has good scientific testing so that would be my recommendation if you want to do something. (Good testing means that it is compared to an untreated half of the same scar, and compared to other treatments on half of the same scar; before and after pictures mean nothing unless you know how the scar would have changed anyway.)
You might also like...
Scar products after tummy tuck
It is too early to use any products on your scar. Most scars improve on their own at this time. Scar guard, Mederma etc may be indicated later, but you would be wasting your money at this early time.
Is It Necessary to Use Wound Care Products on my Tummy Tuck Incision
After the steristrips are removed postoperatively the only substance I would add is Scar Guard which is a liquid silicone that is painted on the wounds after they are exposed to air.
Web reference: http://www.drvitenas.com/abdominoplasty.html
Scar care after tummy tuck
Best wishes,
Pablo Prichard, MD
Web reference: http://www.aaaplasticsurgery.com/photo-gallery/details.cfm?ID=79&StartRow=21
These answers are for educational purposes and should not be relied upon as a substitute for medical advice you may receive from your physician. If you have a medical emergency, please call 911. These answers do not constitute or initiate a patient/doctor relationship.


text:
| A Life-Changing Career
Responsibilities: The IRB Specialist is primarily responsible for the management of a caseload of applications submitted for IRB review and demonstrates sound judgment, as well as analytical, organizational, and time management skills. Serves as a critical link between and is an expert resource for the Mayo research community (principal investigators and other study personnel), the Mayo's Office for Human Subjects Protection, and the Mayo IRB members; is knowledgeable about the federal and state regulations governing human subject research, and related institutional policies and procedures; continuously interprets and applies these requirements to human subject research proposals and ongoing research activities; performs a detailed analysis of all applications submitted for IRB review; manages the disposition of items submitted electronically for IRB review. This includes assessments of completeness, accuracy, and level of review required. Applies strong organizational skills and effective teamwork skills to manage a large volume of submissions, deadlines, and customer expectations; completes critical and comprehensive review of submissions, seeks clarification or alteration of the submission from Mayo researchers, and makes independent determinations or presents recommendations to the convened IRB. Serves as a voting member of the convened IRB and a designated Expedited Reviewer to review and approve non-exempt minimal risk research using expedited review procedures; provides technical support and guidance on regulatory matters during convened IRB meetings; conducts expedited reviews, documents application-specific findings and generates investigator notifications regarding the outcome of the review. Exercises the authority to make not-human subjects research and exempt determinations; responsible for conducting evaluations of investigator's response to identify potential issues for IRB reviewers and advise as to whether the requirements for IRB approval have been met. In partnership with the IRB Chairs, is responsible for managing the pre-meeting, meeting and post-meeting activities of the convened IRB. This includes agenda management, and meeting facilitation and documentation. Provides guidance to IRB Administrative Assistants, in support of efficiency and effectiveness of IRB operational activities and drafts, edits and prepares correspondence and notification letters using databases. Participates in the orientation and training of IRB personnel, including peers. Assists with the orientation of new IRB members and actively participates in the training of new nonscientific IRB members and participate in IRB-related quality and educational activities as needed.
Qualifications: Bachelor's degree required, preferably in the natural and social sciences, nursing, management or other health-related profession and at least 2 years experience in human subjects research. Alternately, applicants with an Associate's degree and 6 years of experience in human subjects research may be considered.
Additional Qualifications: Ability to efficiently manage a large volume of items while maintaining a high degree of accuracy and attention to detail; strong organization and decision making skills, the ability to judge and critique multiple issues, and the analytical skills necessary to apply knowledge of federal regulations and institutional policy to variety of complex situations and research protocols; strong interpersonal skills are needed to interact with a wide variety of persons related to human subject research. Ability to communicate with team members and others in a positive and effective manner; use effective communication skills to facilitate convened IRB meetings; written communication skills in writing detailed, clear, precise and grammatically correct letters, minutes, correspondence, and reports; is dependable, self-directed, and willing to take the initiative for organizing own work to meet deadlines; ability to effectively analyze and solve problems; ability to work independently and as a member of a team. Self-motivated to function independently in a high intensity environment often driven by deadlines. Know when to refer issues to Supervisor and have the ability to make accurate and appropriate independent judgments, but be able to accept direct supervision. Ability to meet production within established time and quality standards is required; be proficient in the use of multimedia hardware and software applications, including use of Windows, database, spreadsheets and word processing.
Benefit Eligible: Yes
Exemption Status: Exempt
Compensation Detail: Education, experience and tenure may be considered along with internal equity when job offers are extended. The minimum salary every 2 weeks is approx $2,128.80, based on a full-time position.
Hours/Pay Period: 80
Recruiter: Chad Musolf
Why Mayo Clinic? Mayo Clinic provides the highest quality patient care by placing the needs of the patient first. We are the largest integrated, not-for-profit medical group practice in the world with approximately 60,000 employees working in a unique environment that brings together the best in patient care, groundbreaking research and innovative medical education. We offer a highly competitive compensation package, which includes exceptional benefits, and have been recognized by FORTUNE magazine as one of the top 100 "Best Companies to Work For".
Site Description: Mayo Clinic is located in the heart of downtown Rochester, Minnesota, a vibrant, friendly city that provides a highly livable environment for more than 34,000 Mayo staff and students. The city is consistently ranked among the best places to live in the United States because of its affordable cost of living, healthy lifestyle, excellent school systems and exceptionally high quality of life.
Mayo Clinic is an equal opportunity educator and employer (including veterans and persons with disabilities).
Job Posting Category: Research
Job Posting Number: 79377BR


text:
Marion County tests voting machines
Marion County is making sure everything is ready when you cast your vote in this year's primary election.
A sampling of voting machines is being tested to make sure that all the various ballots in the election are working with the machines.
"In other words, every kind of ballot voters would see. And we're testing to see that every single ballot style is read properly. And we've of course made sure all the election equipment, all the 600 pieces of equipment are working properly," said Beth White, Marion County clerk.
The primary election is on May 6th.


text:
Three months ago I was asked whether I would be interested in covering the British Grand Prix 2013 as a bonafide reporter. I said yes, but in all honesty did not expect it to ever come to fruition - how wrong I was. It has been about a month since being at Silverstone and now that the experience has truly sunk in I wanted to share it with you.
The tight twisty nature and no room for error characteristics of the Monte Carlo streets means that one error likely means end of race and into the barriers. It's this that sets this race apart from the rest. 78 laps of pure concentration - Ayrton Senna famously likened it to driving through a tunnel for two hours, zoning in on the perfect racing line for all that time.


text:
6035 Palm Street, Portage 49024
See more homes for sale in Portage, MI
This property has been Sold!
04/22/2016 at $119,000
Welcome to this outstanding home in North Portage, perfect for first time home buyers! Great Portage neighborhood, close to schools and shopping. This spacious 3-level home features a good sized living room, eating area, updated kitchen w all appliances included. Sliders open to patio and deck and fenced yard. There are 4 bedrooms in all and 1-1/2 baths, and 2 car garage. Centrai air. Fresh and clean and ready to move right into!
Property Information
- Status
- Sold
- Address
- 6035 Palm Street
- City
- Portage
- Zip
- 49024
- County
- Kalamazoo
- Township
- Portage City
- Possession
- At closing
- Zoning
- Residential
- Total Finished SqFt
- 1,488
- Above Grade SqFt
- 1,056
- Garage Desc.
- 2, Detached
- Water
- Public
- Sewer
- Public
- Year Built
- 1958
School Information
- School District
- Portage
- Elementary School
- Haverhill Elementary
- Middle School
- North Portage Middle School
- High School
- Portage Northern High School
- Taxes
- $2,542
Rooms and Land
- MasterBedroom
- 2nd Floor
- Bedroom2
- 2nd Floor
- Bedroom3
- 2nd Floor
- Bedroom4
- Lower Floor
- Bath
- 2nd Floor
- Dining
- 1st Floor
- Family
- Lower Floor
- Kitchen
- 1st Floor
- Living
- 1st Floor
- Other
- Lower Floor
- Basement
- Crawl Space, Partial Basement
- Cooling
- Central
- Heating
- Forced Air, Natural Gas
- Acreage
- 0.19
- Lot Dimensions
- 60x138
- Appliances
- Dishwasher, Dryer, Freezer, Microwave, Range, Refrigerator
- Features
- Ceiling Fans, Garage Door Opener, Laminate Floor, Water Softener/Owned, Wood Floor
- Exterior Materials
- Vinyl
- Exterior Features
- Deck(s), Fenced Back, Patio, Play Equipment, Porch(es)
Listing Video for 6035 Palm Street, Portage MI 49024
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Listing Courtesy of Chuck Jaqua, Realtor, Inc.
Office Address 414 West Milham Road
Listing Agent Peg Kolaja
Listings last updated: . Some properties that appear for sale on this web site may subsequently have been sold and may no longer be available.
Our Michigan real estate agents can answer all of your questions about 6035 Palm Street, Portage MI 49024. Real Estate One, Max Broock Realtors, and J&J Realtors are part of the Real Estate One Family of Companies and dominate the Portage, Michigan real estate market. To sell or buy a home in Portage, Michigan, contact our real estate agents as we know the Portage, Michigan real estate market better than anyone with over 100 years of experience in Portage, Michigan real estate for sale.
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IDX information is provided exclusively for consumers personal, non-commercial use and may not be used for any purpose other than to identify prospective properties consumers may be interested in purchasing.
All information deemed materially reliable but not guaranteed. Interested parties are encouraged to verify all information. Copyright© 2017 MichRIC LLC, All rights reserved.


text:
Papermaking and the Art of Watercolor in Eighteenth-Century Britain: Paul Sandby and the Whatman Paper Mill
€ 48,99
Besorgung - Lieferbarkeit unbestimmt
März 2006
BeschreibungAt the Royal Academy exhibition of 1794, Paul Sandby (1725-1809) exhibited his newly painted" A View of Vinters at Boxley, Kent, with Mr. Whatman's Turkey Paper Mills." Sandby, one of the founding members of the Royal Academy and one of the preeminent British landscape painters of the day, included the celebrated Whatman papermaking mill at the center of this landscape composition. James Whatman I and his son James Whatman II were the most famous English papermakers of the eighteenth century, and by 1760 Turkey Mill was the largest paper mill in the country. This handsome and engaging book looks at how the "View of Vinters and Turkey Mill" is both a superb example of Sandby's art and an important document of the rise of industry in the British countryside and of the intertwined developments of papermaking and the art of painting in watercolor. It also features other watercolors by Sandby and materials relating to the processes of papermaking and to the Whatman family and its mill.
PortraitTheresa Fairbanks Harris is Chief Conservator at the Yale Center for British Art and Paper Conservator at the Yale University Art Gallery. Scott Wilcox is Curator of Prints and Drawings at the Yale Center for British Art and author of numerous books on British watercolors. Stephen Daniels is Professor of Cultural Geography, Nottingham University, U.K. Michael Fuller is a retired paper mill chemist, who formerly worked for Whatman International PLC. Maureen Green is an independent paper historian.
Untertitel: Sprache: Englisch.
Verlag: YALE UNIV PR
Erscheinungsdatum: März 2006
Seitenanzahl: 164 Seiten
Format: gebunden


text:
Bdellium Tools, Studio Line, Eyes Brush Set and Pouch, 12 Pc Set
Bdellium Tools, Studio Line, Eyes Brush Set and Pouch, 12 Pc Set
- You earn loyalty credit for every order you place at iHerb!
- Loyalty credit is equal to 5% of the value of your order, excluding shipping charges.
- Your loyalty credit will be applied towards your next order as soon as your current order has shipped.
- Your loyalty credits are valid for up to 60 days from the date of your last purchase.
Shipping Weight:?0.65 lbsSwitch to Metric units
- Product Code: BDE-00144
- UPC Code: 811099001447
- Package Quantity: 12 Pc Set
5.1 x 1.6 x 9.7 in, 0.55 lbsSwitch to Metric units
|Combo Discount:
|- $4.00
Eyes 12 pc. Brush Set with Roll-up Pouch
The Eye Essential 12 Piece Brush Set is the perfect brush set for flawless makeup application. 12 brushes tailored to meet the needs for your eyes only.
Suggested Use
Wash bristles with regular shampoo, rinse and lay brush flat on an absorbent towel to dry. To extend the life of antibacterial properties we recommend not using alcohol based brush cleansers.
Disclaimer: All anti-bacterial treatment is limited to the hair bristles. Microbiology testing is done for E. coli or S. aureus bacteria only. Anti-bacterial protection is not permanent and will dissipate over time and usage.
Contains 12 Brushes and Pouch
- #785S Tapered Blending 6.9 inch (18 cm)
- #780S Pencil 6.5 inch (17 cm)
- #778S Large Shadow 6.7 inch (17 cm)
- #776S Blending 6.7 inch (17 cm)
- #772S Small Shader 6.5 inch (16 cm)
- #766S Angled Shadow 6.6 inch (17 cm)
- #763S Small Angle 6.2 inch (16 cm)
- #760S Liner/Brow 6.1 inch (16 cm)
- #755S Smudge 6.5 inch (17 cm)
- #733S Lash 6.8 inch (17 cm)
- #714S Flat Eye Definer 6.4 inch (16 cm)
- #710S Eye Liner 6.1 inch (16 cm)
- Roll-up Pouch
Verified Purchase
These are good quality brushes and you can definitely create any look with these brushes. They are well made and the bristles are soft and are great for blending, packing color, gel liners, smudging, etc. You pretty much get every purposeful eye brush in this set. I would compare these to a higher end brush line because of how versatile they are. The only thing this set is missing is a standard flat shader for medium sized eyes. If you have smaller eyes there is a flat shader to suit you. But all in all, worth the money and you are getting so much for what you are paying for. I would definitely consider these if you are on a budget especially when you do not want to sacrifice value and quality. Investing in MAC or other brushes are not necessary when I personally (make up junkie) use mostly these in my everyday makeup routine. So yes these will last you a long time. Hope this helps.
Valuable kit
Posted by 5667245659136604313 on May 07, 2017 | Verified Purchase
All brushes are useful but the bristles is a little prickly.
Great and affordable makeup brush
Posted by 4829308250153426852 on Mar 16, 2017 | Verified Purchase
Worth the money, the set can be 3 times more expensive for other brands, I use this brush everyday and work very well
Very nice,,, works well..
Posted by queensounti on Mar 20, 2017 | Verified Purchase
Very good brush with a good result and acceptable price... quality way beyond the price, some of the brush have very hard / harsh hair but i think only like 1 or 2 out of 12. this is the best drugstore brush i ever ever order and used for the eye!!
Wonderful !!!
Posted by 5307909077627965199 on Feb 24, 2017 | Verified Purchase
Really great brush set! Totally worth buying! Hope there more blending brushes though~
Great brushes!
Posted by 5016510714968186221 on Oct 06, 2016 | Verified Purchase
I like them very much! enough tools for a make up artist!


text:
The Last Ten Seconds Of Life
0 Shouts - 343,780 Scrobbles
The Last Ten Seconds of Life is a deathcore band from Pennsylvania. They formed in 2010 and have released two EPs and one full-length. Going through a number of line-up changes, the group is currently a four-piece as well as currently unsigned and searching for a label.Read More...
Their full-length album, Know Your Exits was released in 2011 and features two songs with guest vocals from Carson Slovak from Century and Tyler Guida from Dr. Acula.
Their 2012 EP, Warpath had a music video produced for its title track. The band has toured with a variety of groups including Thy Art Is Murder, King Conquer, My Bitter End, Dr. Acula as well as numerous tours with Float Face Down.
• The music of the band can be streamed and purchased at www.thelasttensecondsoflife.bandcamp.com
• The band's Facebook profile is located at www.facebook.com/thelasttensecondsoflife Read more on Last.fm. User-contributed text is available under the Creative Commons By-SA License; additional terms may apply.
Top SongsTotal plays on Last.fm over the last 6 months
- Punishment - 12,109 plays
- Pain is Pleasure - 11,841 plays
- LyricsShadows form into hands and dance like scissors across the top of the van
Intoxicated by the fever that builds and the hospital pill
I am free of this world
North of Corpus five inches from the Sun
Spilling out at both ends
- As The World Turns Over - 10,385 plays
- Warpath - 11,113 plays
- The Box - 9,558 plays
- Keystone Beatdown - 7,600 plays
- Justice, Where Have You Been for So Many Years? - 9,787 plays
- Mansfield - 6,955 plays
- You Can't Turn a Ho Into a Housewife - 7,401 plays


text:
[Note: the contents page for this series can be found here. The previous entry, the third for chapter 17, can be found here.]
[This entry concludes chapter 17.]
(Picking up from the end of the previous part...)
Reed (the theist): Evidently, we both share some kind of criteria as a fairly reliable clue when we're no longer talking about our human ability in general, but about particular instances of that ability instead. Let us see if we can put our common agreement into play. I claim that Christianity is true; and let us say that I claim this because of automatic knee-jerk reactions to the cultural stimuli that have pummeled my mind since childhood. Any comments?
Chase (the atheist): I seem to recall already addressing this example.
R: Indeed, you yourself introduced it earlier! What did you say back then? Or what would you say now? Would you say my belief, under these conditions, is rational or non-rational?
C: As a rational agent myself, I would judge your belief to be, at best, irrational, and maybe non-rational.
R: Are you at least ready to stoutly presume I am in principle capable of rational behavior, just like you presume about yourself?
C: Yes. But you are not being rational within these circumstances. So you wouldn't be behaving non-rationally, perhaps (presuming you are a rational agent), but you would be behaving irrationally (as if you were not a rational agent).
R: Given this explanation for my belief, would you accept my offer to go to church next Sunday and be baptized?
C: Certainly not!
R: And why not?
C: I don't have to do anything I don't want to do; I'm a free person!
R: So you're an atheist only out of your own subjective aesthetic taste.
C: Absolutely not! Admittedly, my aesthetic taste for or against atheism might in theory have something to do with why I believe it--just as it might in theory have something to do with why a Christian or any other religious person believes their religious beliefs! But in my case, no, I assure you I reject my mere aesthetic taste as a criteria for believing what is ultimately true.
R: I quite agree! So, you wouldn't go to church on those grounds? Don't you consider them to be an intrinsically reliable means of leading you to truth?
C: No! Do you think they are?
R: Frankly, no. And I suspect we agree why this hypothetical condition on my part would not be a reliable path to the truth. Do you want to say it, or shall I?
C: It isn't rational.
R: I agree. I only gave one qualifier for the existence of that 'belief', (if we want to dignify that behavior with the label 'belief'). Why should we not consider that belief to be rational?
C: Because...
R: ...that belief was totally produced as a series of automatic non-rational responses to non-rational causes.
C: ...yes.
R: If you yourself decided my belief was logically valid anyway, would that therefore mean my belief was actually rational after all and worthy of attention and assent on its own grounds? Or, if you decided that my belief, although logically invalid, still happened to match up with factual reality. Would you go to Church and be baptized because my belief that Christianity is true was entirely produced by automatic knee-jerk reactions to my environment?
C: No. That would be the externalist fallacy. If I did decide you were right, it would be due to my own responsible judgment of the matter.
R: And would you then abandon your own responsible judgment in order to 'believe' according to the utterly non-rational causes of my belief?--throwing away the rationality that led you to God?
C: Absolutely not! That would actually be less than totally pointless!
R: Which of course is why atheists often denigrate religious belief, or try to do so, on exactly the ground you've been using all throughout your side of our dialogue. You've transcended such unthinking acceptance of beliefs.
C: Exactly. And I am a better man for it.
R: I don't have any problem agreeing with that in principle, and maybe even in practice!
C: So why are you smiling?
R: Because you're proving my point the whole time. The claims you make for yourself and your own responsible judgment, are just the reason I reject atheism for theism: because I accept and respect your responsible personhood. And also the implications of your responsible personhood.
C: So... you're a theist because you believe in atheists.
R: That's an excellent way to put it! And it looks like you and I agree pretty closely on the application of a general principle: the first conclusion to draw about behavior utterly produced by non-rational causes, is that the behavior is itself not rational.
C: All right, I'll grant that.
R: So, if you propose to me that your and my reasoning ability--which will include all particular behaviors which we term "reasoning"--is produced ultimately by non-rational causes, what should my first response be?
C: Yes, I understand that your first response should be "No, that's nonsense." But that doesn't have to be your only or last response.
R: Then you will have to show why the normal judgment can (or even should) be set aside in this instance. You will have to show why, against this sceptical threat, it is possible for non-reason to come from reason.
C: Which I am reasonably confident I can do.
R: Except that this presumes already (whatever method you go about trying it makes no difference) that it is possible to successfully set aside the sceptical threat of "non-reason into reason is nonsensical". Otherwise I could level that at your explanation itself--because your explanation for why it is possible, is also (according to you) ultimately a product of non-rational causes.
C: Fine! But that doesn't mean God exists.
R: If it is nonsense to claim (whether we go the long road or the short) that rational behavior is ultimately a product of only non-rational causes; and if we must stoutly presume that you and I nevertheless can be rational; then what is the conclusion of combining these two principles?
C: Our rationality must be at least partially produced by rational causes. Which is something I have affirmed and not denied!
R: Causes? Plural? Such as?
C: Such as other humans!
R: Yes, I recall you trying this back at the beginning. I also recall you admitting that other humans are not ultimately a rational cause.
C: We presume they can be rational.
R: Agreed. Are you ready to presume they are ultimate causes, though?
C: What does an 'ultimate cause' mean? That's just playing with words.
R: Was the first reasoning animal taught to reason by his or her reasoning parents?
C: No, that would be ridiculous. And certainly any competent atheist would have enough sense not to say that.
R: Is Nature ultimately non-rational?
C: If atheism and naturalism are true, then yes.
R: Were we caused by something more basic and fundamental than Nature?
C: No. Unless supernaturalism is true. But supernaturalism could be true and also atheism.
R: Would that Supernature be ultimately rational?
C: No, as I just said: not if atheism is true.
R: So as an atheist, you do accept, in principle, what the phrase "ultimate cause" means. I'm not just playing with words.
C: sigh...
R: I repeat: if we stoutly presume that it is possible for us to reason, then that ability must ultimately come from a rational cause.
Next up: Chase shifts to denying rational action in thinking (i.e. defense type b)
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text:
My happy place is performing on stage. I love singing and acting and dancing, so I guess I'm happy doing what I love when I have a big audience to watch me, all smiling and clapping.
I'm nervous before I go on stage. I worry that I'll do something wrong and everyone will laugh at me, but that doesn't actually happen very much. I work hard to remember everything. When I get on stage I don't feel nervous any more, just excited that I'm going to be performing.
I've been in the Variety Voices choir for three years. I like being able to sing on my own but also singing with a group of people. I like how it sounds with all the harmonies and things.
I auditioned for Annie, the touring UK production that's going to be at the Civic, but I didn't get through the first round. I got really upset. I ran out to Mum, crying, and we left.
I was sad for about four days because I'd always wanted to be in Annie, and then I got over it and thought, "There'll be a next time."
But then they sent my mum an email. She called me in, saying, "Scarlett, come read this." I ran to the room and skimmed through it and asked, "What does it mean?" She said, "It means you've got a call back." I danced and screamed.
I got through that round of auditions and the next round and the next round and the next round. I was motivated to keep going because I had a friend there and we had fun, but then she got eliminated and I immediately doubted myself, and said, "I don't think I can do it."
But I got through all the way to the end. We all went outside the room while they were making decisions, and they brought a big group of us in and pointed at us and said, "You're this part, and this part, and this part, and this part."
And everyone was excited. But I was so confused. I put up my hand and said, "Does this mean we're in the show?" And they said yes. I got cast as one of the orphans. So then I got excited and started dancing around.
I get paid for being in the show. Mum says I can't spend all the money, so I'm giving some to Variety. I also give some of the money I earn from busking to Variety.
I picked a girl to sponsor who is the same age as me and lives in Auckland and also enjoys music. It makes me really happy to feel like I'm helping other people while I'm doing the things I love.
Scarlett sponsors a disadvantaged New Zealand child through Variety's Kiwi Kid Sponsorship programme. The charity has a waiting list and seeks sponsorship from $35 a month. See www.variety.org.nz or contact Giselle, ph (09) 522 3740 or email firstname.lastname@example.com.
- as told to Bronwyn Sell


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Exploring the Sea and the Sea Bed
We all have explored the sea as we visit Goa in our vacations, but have you ever thought of life under that sea and the mysteries that prevail under it. Here is a list of 10 odd mysteries that have been revealed about the sea. This will leave you absolutely baffled.
1. Giant Oarfish: Up to 11 metres in length, oarfish is a sea animal that is bigger than ship containers and if you think its a rare specie then you're certainly mistaken.
2. Vampire Squid: Yes vampire like Edward, this squid emits light if and when disturbed.
3. The Baltic Anamoly: As any diver crosses this item, his electrical equipment stops functioning within 650 feet and a strong radio signal comes off from just near the item.
4. Anglerfish: This deep sea creature uses an appendage fixtured on its forehead to drag the prey towards it.
5. The Curious Case of Lost Submarine: In 1968 an unexplained loss of submarines by four countries: the United States, Russia, Israel, and France took place. It is believed the losses could have been government cover-ups or the nuclear-tipped torpedoes misfiring into the vessel.
6. Sea GooseBerry: This creature bears long, sticky tentacles which it uses to catch small particles and animals. Although it does not sting like other jellyfish.
7. Residue Feeding bacteria was found almost 1000 feet deep inside the sea. And you thought nothing could survive that deep down!
8. BigFin Squid has tentacles spreading up to 15 feet and this creature is one of the rarest found under the sea.
9. Battling snails use iron compounds in the form of scales to protect its fleshy foot. And some armies are researching to include them to improve their battle armour.
10. Hydrothermal Vent Worms that look like the red lipstick that you own dont have a mouth and a digestive system, they feed on the bacteria for its food.
So all those divers and explorers who were dreaming of that dive in the Indian Ocean, do explore the possibility of meeting these creatures on your excursion!
Image Sources: Tumblr.com, list25.com


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What are the best toppings on a pizza?
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What pizza toppings do you like?
1.Cheese2.Pepperoni3.Pineapple4.Bacon5.Chicken6.Sweetcorn7.Onions8.Sausages9.Green pepper10.MushroomsI'm a vegetarian, but I think they'd be lovely!
What are your favorite toppings on a pizza?
I love everything on it except that salty fish and hot peppers, then cover it with with extra cheese
What are your favorite pizza toppings?
I have several different kinds that I like and I like to change them upThe chicken pesto with white sauce is a nice changeI like the jalapeno, cheese, and canadian baconand I like the barbeque chic...
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Attaching the cover page of magazine for march edition
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we are from israel and toke 2 nighets in tish hotel. it a littel far from the center but is very quite area. the crew is very nice and helpfull. take it!
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Chapter 3Mature
Wandering into Miss Clarke's classroom for Form, I made a mental note that I was the first in: the first to choose my place for the year. Not wanting to seem like the nerd I was always considered, I immediately avoided the first row of seats and strode confidently towards the back row, slumping into one of the most uncomfortable seats of my school life so far.
Not long after, people started idly entering the classroom and taking what I presumed to be their normal seat in class. Next thing I knew I saw someone taking the seat next to me in my peripheral vision. I glanced at the hand that had somehow landed on my left shoulder, realising that it just happened to be attached to Blake. "Hey, cutie. How's your summer been?"
"Get off me, Blake." I said with a sigh.
He laughed. "Come on, Riley. Can't we be friends? Why do you hate me?"
"I don't hate you Blake" I chastised, "I just don't particularly like your attitude". I figured; if you're going to be sarcastic, why not do it with a flutter of your eyelids and a big grin?
Unfortunately, this didn't seem to deter him. "Well, I like yours: it's kinda hot" he breathed into my ear. Ugh. I breathed a sigh of relief as the bell finally rung: resisting the urge to run out of my seat and down the corridor to the social area. Don't let him get to you, Riley.
Turning the last corner to the social, I ran into something - I mean, someone. Someone unfamiliar, but at the same time familiar.
He said some sort of greeting, but for some reason, it was blurry. I couldn't quite decipher it. I took a step back. "S-s-sorry?" I stuttered, a little dazed.
"I said, you're Riley, right? Riley Cross?"


text:
General Sir David Richards, who has taken over as Chief of the General Staff, assumes this office at a critical juncture, with British troops engaged in a dangerous, and increasingly controversial, mission in Afghanistan. The past two months have been the costliest in terms of British deaths and injuries in a military commitment of almost eight years. There is a risk – although the judgement might be premature – that the election, for which these lives were sacrificed, may not carry the credibility or have the stabilising effect that was hoped for. A fresh period of reassessment cannot be excluded in the coming months.
That British forces are heavily engaged abroad, however – mainly, but not exclusively in Afghanistan – is not the only reason why the spotlight is on the new head of the British Army. The other reason is that he succeeds a military leader who did not shy away from speaking military truth to political power and had a knack for catching the public eye. General Sir Richard Dannatt, more than any other single individual in recent years, brought home to civilian Britain that our troops were fighting in this country's name and were owed respect for doing so, regardless of the unpopularity of the wars.
As Chief of the General Staff, General Dannatt can be said to have fought on two home fronts simultaneously, as well as overseeing the Army's operations abroad. He drew the wrath of ministers by tirelessly drawing to their attention what he saw as the neglect of the army in terms of funding and equipment. He also took the public to task for not giving the armed forces their due. It is probably fair to say that he was more successful in his efforts to revive the unwritten military-civilian covenant than he was in his representations to the Ministry of Defence.
With British troops still engaged in Iraq, General Dannatt made a very public appeal for greater understanding of the soldiers' plight. He drew a distinction between the responsibilities of politicians for the wars they committed the country to, and the professional soldiers whose job it was to fight. He lamented the disrepair into which he said the traditional military covenant had fallen and did his utmost to restore it. The homecoming parades and the crowds that turn out to pay tribute as coffins are transported through the streets of Wootton Bassett are the visible proof of what he achieved.
His increasingly outspoken complaints about the treatment of rank-and-file soldiers at home and shortages of specialist troops and equipment in the field set him at odds with successive ministers. Relations deteriorated to the point where he was accused recently by a Labour peer of giving succour to the enemy because he had drawn attention to a lack of helicopters and heavy armoured vehicles. As he prepared to leave office, an apparent attempt to discredit him – scandalous if this is what it was – rebounded when he released his own accounts with testimony to cut-price entertaining that put most MPs to shame.
General Dannatt's further advancement, to Chief of Defence Staff, was blocked, which means he retires to fight his next battles from the sidelines. With the Government's strategic defence review to be launched this autumn, his contributions will be keenly awaited. Questions of strategy, spending and procurement will be under scrutiny as rarely before. We trust he will use his new freedom to maximum effect. As General Richards said, he is a hard act to follow.
- More about:
- Afghanistan
- Army
- Military


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Does anyone know of a good book or video on collapsible baton techniques? The ones I've found on Amazon seem a bit out of date and give little description of what they contain.
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Does anyone know of a good book or video on collapsible baton techniques? The ones I've found on Amazon seem a bit out of date and give little description of what they contain.
Im going to have to say that baton techniques are not really teachable thro a book . Hands on interaction between instructor and student is the key . I suggest you look for martial schools in your area and spend the money in class myself . Many of the LE instructors wont take non LE students , but if you can find one well that will be a condensed version with limited " moves " that normaly are easy to retain . Good luck on your learning no matter what path you take tho .
first check your state/local laws on batons a lot of places they are considered prohibited weapons and will get you arrested.
Now having said that, get you a kubaton or better yet a surefire E2E, that way you have a light source and a short piece of metal as an "improvised weapon" for applying pressure point/pain compliance tactics.
The thing about batons is that if you do not get proper training you will get the hell beat out of you with your own.
Go directly to the manufacturers sites some of them have some good information about technique, also look in some of the gun mags they do carry ads for tactical training dvds and books in them.
Baton techniques?
Well, I'll save you $14.95 and give you everything you need to know, as a protection-minded private individual, to effectively employ said baton:
1) Remove baton from storage compartment and deploy;
2) Proceed to violently thrash opponent about the head, torso, and/or arms;
3) Upon conclusion, collapse baton and replace in storage compartment (if not bent so excessively as to make collapsing difficult).
If one desires anything above this level of proficiency, then RR is correct: One should seek out professional, in-person instruction. However, the actual likelyhood that a private individual will actually have occasion to use anything requiring great spohistication is remote.
Batons are Illegal in Indiana unless you are certified in PR24 by a LEO. Good luck in getting a class though. That's why I have a mag light. It also helps to blind the person before you have to hit them.
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John - chapter 3Mature
The drive back to Harry's was tense. After checking that Sam and his brother were fine nobody had a word to say. Staring straight ahead I occasionally heard a rasping breath and scratching on the 4wd but didn't see a thing ... I was in my own world remembering my innocence of yesterday. I had just killed people ... they were people. I don't think they could be counted as people anymore. That thought gave me some comfort.
The drive was mercifully short, but it still felt like a lifetime. Approaching the house jess sprinted to the car, Tyler slammed the brakes before he hit her. Flinging the door open Sam jumped out and into her arms speaking soothing words as she sobbed her relief into his shoulder.
Spreading out guns and ammo in a pile in the sheep shed we counted 12 guns total. 8 rifles, 4 shotguns and whatever Harry had. splitting out ammo rifles got 20 rounds each and shotguns 33.
All of Sam's stuff distributed we took the spare one and its ammo to the house and found girls already holding guns Harry having handed them out earlier. Jess, Bid, Helena and CJ all had guns. Walking through the door I tossed the spare gun and ammo to the group of girls and let them decide who got it themselves.
Harry who stood in the kitchen looked out and saw us returned. The sight of Harry in the kitchen would have been comical had it not been for the shade of red in his face and his shaking with anger. He screamed at us "You went to Bredbo to save him!? You all risked your pitiful lives to save that?! You didn't even take guns with you! i had to give them to the girls here when they demanded to go looking for you all!" a moment of silence passed as Harry simmered down "you could have got everyone killed today ... we haven't even started this shit yet" he put away the sandwich he had made and shuffled off out of the house. Looking in his eyes the whole time i had felt almost the full heat of his rage, justified as it was he had worded it very badly and Jess looked torn between going out and shooting Harry with her newfound gun and breaking down into tears. Seeing Sam go to jess me and Jayden decided at the same time to make sure Harry was fine.
Heading outside we found him setting up some farm gear i had no idea about. Trying to make light of the situation as was my speciality I said " hey Harry ... you must be real pissed ... you left food behind " Stepping up to me he looked me in the eyes for two seconds, enough time for my smile to dissapear.
One second i was standing the next the world was spinning and i found myself on my chest coughing out dirt and blood.