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Having problems with your PC Desktops ?
I recently started using the new Comcast DTA and my desktop PC (Windows Media Center on Vista) to watch TV...media center recognizes Channel 3 as the tv signal but doesn't complete the configuration due to missing IR cables...any idea what's going on? My comcast cable worked fined with the PC...had no issues.
Answers :
Sounds like a driver conflict
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I recently started using the new Comcast DTA and my desktop PC (Windows Media Center on Vista) to watch TV...media center recognizes Channel 3 as the tv signal but doesn't complete the configuration due to missing IR cables...any idea what's going on? My comcast cable worked fined with the PC...had no issues.
Sounds like a driver conflict ... PC Desktops
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Video: WWE In 5 – Week Of January 13, 2014
Published On 01/19/2014 | Videos
This week in WWE in 5, we recap all of the action from this past week's Raw and SmackDown including Ultimate Warrior being named as the first inductee to the 2014 WWE Hall of Fame Class, the unfortunate aftermath of Kofi Kingston's upset victory over Randy Orton, and Daniel Bryan going his own way by departing The Wyatt Family.
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subset: commoncrawl


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Ex-Santander executive to pay $1.9 mln for insider trading -SEC
By Nate Raymond
NEW YORK, July 18 (Reuters) - A former Banco Santander SA executive will pay $1.92 million to settle a U.S. lawsuit accusing him of insider trading ahead of a proposed 2010 takeover of Potash Corp of Saskatchewan Inc by mining group BHP Billiton Ltd.
The deal with Cedric Cañas Maillard, a former adviser to Banco Santander's chief executive, was disclosed on Friday by Securities and Exchange Commission lawyer Timothy Leiman in a teleconference at the federal court in New York.
Cañas agreed to pay $960,806 in penalties and give up an equal amount in improper gains. The settlement requires approval by U.S. District Judge Valerie Caproni.
The judge froze $3.84 million of Cañas' assets in April, three months after he was acquitted of criminal charges in Spain.
Jonathan Buck, a lawyer at Perkins Coie representing Cañas, did not immediately respond to a request for comment.
In its lawsuit filed last July, the SEC said Cañas learned on Aug. 5, 2010, that Santander was helping Anglo-Australian company BHP Billiton Ltd prepare a bid for Potash and tipped co-defendant Julio Marín Ugedo, a friend in Spain who is also a former judge.
The SEC said Cañas bought the equivalent of 30,000 Potash shares through contracts-for-difference (CFD), a leveraged security not traded in the United States, while Marín bought 1,393 Potash shares.
These bets paid off when Potash shares jumped more than 25 percent on Aug. 17, 2010, although the Saskatoon-based company had that day rejected BHP Billiton's $38.6 billion bid. Continued...


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When Will Dale Earnhardt Jr. Race Again?
Dale Earnhardt Jr. will miss at least two more races while he recovers from a concussion.
Dale Earnhardt Jr. will miss at least two more races while he recovers from a concussion.
Tony Stewart won Sunday's NASCAR race at Sonoma
With Joey Logano at age 26 winning, Chase Elliott 20 coming in second and Kyle Larson 23, it was the youngest top three finish in NASCAR history on Sunday.
The rain delayed NASCAR Sprint Cup race from Sunday at Pocono Raceway ran Monday and Kurt Busch won for the first time this year.
Inclement weather at Pocono Raceway in Pennsylvania caused Sunday's NASCAR race to be rescheduled for Monday.
Joey Logano wins Saturday night's NASCAR All Star Race at Charlotte and takes the $1 million prize.
Matt Kenseth, in the number 20 Toyota, drove to victory at Dover International Speedway on Sunday. This was a turnaround for what's been a bad season for Kenseth.
Kyle Busch gets his first ever Sprint Cup win at Kansas Speedway Saturday night.
The winner, after all the smoke cleared, was Brad Keselowski. A close finish capped off the day with a 1/10 of a second margin of victory.
Edwards won the NASCAR Sprint Cup at Richmond, Virginia Sunday, bumping Joe Gibbs Racing teammate Kyle Busch in the process. Then back flips in victory lane.


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Orbitex, Saratoga to Merge
October 14, 2002
Orbitex Group of Funds plans to sell all of its assets to Saratoga Capital Manage-ment in return for a 50% interest in a new company known as Orbitex-Saratoga Asset Management, according to an SEC filing.
The merger will double the size of Orbitex and broaden its range of product offerings. In addition, Orbitex said that the larger complex "should appeal to a broader class of institutional and retail investors." And, in selling the idea to shareholders, who must approve the proposal, Orbitex said the larger firm "should enhance our ability to market the funds, lower overall expenses and increase fund assets."
Officials at Orbitex could not be reached at press time for further details.


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The Jewish Historical Society of Napa Valley is celebrating its 10th anniversary with a nighttime gala and an Israeli movie the next day.
The festivities will begin with wine and cheese at the Caldwell Snyder Gallery in St. Helena from 7 to 8 p.m. April 5, then shift over to the historic Cameo Cinema for a live show with comedian Jeff Applebaum and storyteller Suzanne Kleid.
The gala costs $50, with some of the profits helping to launch a Napa Valley Jewish film festival in 2015. The film, "A Matter of Size," about overweight Israelis who take up sumo wrestling, will begin at noon on April 6. Cost is $12.
Tickets are available at www.cameocinema.com or by calling the theater at (707) 963-9779. For more information, visit www.jhsnv.org or call (707) 738-6537.


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|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Nov 29, 2011
|Filing date
|Oct 7, 2008
|Priority date
|Oct 6, 2006
|Fee status
|Also published as
|Publication number
|Marc Lalley, Matthew Lalley
|Original Assignee
|Marc Lalley, Matthew Lalley
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (23), Non-Patent Citations (38), Referenced by (3), Classifications (22), Legal Events (1)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/799,508, entitled "Three-Dimensional Internal Back-Projection System and Method for Using the Same," filed on May 2, 2007, which claims the benefit, under 35 U.S.C. §120, of U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/850,298, entitled "System and Method for Displaying Computer Controlled Laser Driven Coherent Images Over a Substantially Spherical or Other Three Dimensional Surface," to the present inventors, filed on Oct. 6, 2006, which are hereby incorporated by reference.
The present invention relates to a three-dimensional display system and method for using the same. More specifically, to a system and method for back-projection of coherent light images onto a three-dimensional surface defining a substantially-enclosed volume.
Humans generally find it useful or entertaining to view images or projections of visual representations of real or imaginary things. Therefore, technologies have been developed to enable us to place visual representations, such as still images and moving images, onto surfaces or screens so that we can enjoy or benefit from such visual displays.
One common depiction used for educational and recreational purposes is to depict the surface of planet Earth so that people can observe the various bodies of land and water thereon. Earth depictions can be in the form of photographs, illustrations, or other visual means. More realistic representations of Earth, the Moon, planets, anatomical structures, or other three-dimensional objects have been created by painting the image of the same onto a spherical or other three-dimensional shell or globe. The classic spinning globe atlas of Earth that can spin along a North-South axis is a standard feature in libraries, offices and homes. Medical institutions and instructional classrooms have benefited from drawn representations of anatomical features or organs (e.g., the brain) so that practitioners and students can get a clearer understanding of the structure of the organs. However, such representations usually are artists' drawn renditions, and may not have the desired or required level of detail. Also, such three-dimensional solid models lack a dynamic character that would allow the depiction of an image of an object in real time. In addition, it is difficult or impossible to selectively add or delete desired features or layers to such representations at will.
More realistic or dynamic representations of the surface of Earth have been used in products such as Google Earth from Google, Inc. of Mountain View, Calif. This product and others portray photographic images of the Earth onto computer monitor screens, giving the user the feeling of seeing the Earth from some height, either perpendicular to the terrain or at some angle thereto. However, the image is displayed on whatever display surface the user's computer monitor is using, which is generally flat or substantially two-dimensional. This is a general weakness in depicting naturally three-dimensional (e.g., spherical) objects onto flat, two-dimensional, projection surfaces.
Examples of visual projection display technologies include flat sheets of white or reflective material onto which an appropriate image is projected. These are commonly called "projection screens." This technique for illuminating a screen can be carried out on a suitable blank wall as well, and is the basis for common cinema projection displays, home slide show displays, outdoor wall displays, etc. The principle of operation of such displays is directing a focused image (still or moving) onto the projection screen or surface. The image is then reflected off the screen or surface so that it can be seen by observers on the same side of the projection screen plan as the device projecting the image onto the screen. Some drawbacks to this technology include that the projector device (e.g. movie or slide projector) and the screen are two distinct (usually large) pieces of equipment that require focusing and aiming of the projector onto the surface of the screen. Also, in such systems, as the projector and the viewing audience are on the same (illuminated) side of the projection screen the audience may be disposed between the projector and the projection screen. This requires special care so that the projector is not illuminating its audience from behind, and casting a shadow onto the projection screen, resulting in the well-known "down, in front!" complaint from the rest of the audience trying to enjoy the image. In these systems, the image can be said to be frontally projected onto the screen because the incident light from the projector device is reflected off of the frontal face of the projection screen, and both the projector (light source) and the viewer are on the same (frontal) side of the projection screen.
Another example of visual projection display technologies includes television sets and computer monitors and similar devices. Here, an image is projected from the "back" face of the screen and instead of being reflected off the screen, is scattered by the screen material and travels through the screen to the eye of the beholder. Such screens are illuminated through "back projection" by a projector or source of light that is on the opposite side or face of the screen than the viewers looking at the image on the screen. Therefore, these systems do not suffer from the viewer him or herself interfering with the path of light projected from the projector onto the screen.
Present back-projection systems typically project computer-controlled colored light onto a screen capable of scattering the projected light to form the image on the screen. Present systems require focusing and are generally projected onto flat surfaces or nearly flat surfaces, such as computer monitors or television screens. Some prior art includes back projection onto a non-flat screen, however, these prior systems suffered from limited clarity and focusing problems because the light used by their projectors was not coherent. Also, these prior systems lacked a true range to cover a substantial three-dimensional projection screen because of the cumbersome mechanisms that had to be installed on the side of the screen facing the projector, thereby limiting the solid angle that could be displayed on the projection screens of traditional back projection systems. Also, prior systems were generally incapable of producing dynamic images and more complex and interesting or useful images, and in many case were only capable of providing static or quasi-static images on the screens. In addition: presently available coherent light projection systems generally only scan a coherent light source over the projection surface, and don't include appropriate modulation components for the applications discussed below. In addition, present systems can require excessive power and cooling mechanisms that are not practical desirable, or possible in the applications as discussed below.
Some present systems purport to project images onto a convex mirror that is mounted inside of a projection screen, the mirror being in a predetermined position facing the projector. This approach fails to achieve a proper focus over the extended projection screen due to the varying image distance in relation to the screen and the convex mirror geometry. Also, in existing systems of this type, the size of the screen cannot be changed without adjusting the mirror and the optics, which is not possible and/or not practical or cost effective. Also, the solid angle that could be displayed on the projection screen is limited by the mirror, which casts a distracting shadow that detracts from the projected image.
Other present systems require the use of custom optics to achieve a variable focal distance to attempt to match the corresponding distance from the image projector to the three-dimensional screen. This method displays images in fair focus at closer range, eliminating the shadow. However, numerous limitations of this type of projection system have not been overcome. For example, it is not possible to substantially cover a spherical or other substantially enclosed three-dimensional screen with a clear true focused image using this system. Furthermore, when alterations are made to the screen size, distance, or shape, corresponding custom alterations would also be required to be made to the lens in order to function properly. Such custom lens design is not available and/or not practical or cost effective, therefore, these systems cannot satisfy a need for a variable-focal length projection coverage of a three-dimensional screen.
The systems described above typically employ a conventional non-coherent light source such as a UHP lamp. Conventional non-coherent projector systems require collocation of their incident light beams to form a clear, sharp, focused image onto the projection surface, and a focused image is generally formed in one plane at a given distance from the projector.
Other existing systems project light into an expensive and cumbersome inflatable balloon by means of a fiber optic tether, which carries light and power to a scanning deflector module and projection head. Limitations of this system include its undesirable size, cost, safety concerns, reliability, and efficiency. These systems use mixed gas lasers which deliver very high amounts of laser energy in the visible spectrum. As a result they require a very high electrical power input and a commensurate cooling capability to prevent overheating. These systems also require a three-phase power supply, 220 volt circuit running on a 45 A breaker per phase. This system also has a very high discharge current and is extremely costly to own and maintain.
The cost to own a ion laser is tens of thousands of dollars annually. Mixed gas lasers also emit a very large amount of heat requiring a continuous water supply for cooling. By combining water and high voltage together in the same unit, a mixed gas ion laser puts the user at great risk of electrical shock.
This system is also very bulky, needing roughly 9.5 cubic feet of space and weighing over 200 lbs. Ion Laser tubes contain Beryllium Oxide, which is carcinogenic if ingested or inhaled, so extreme care must be taken when handling this type of device.
These types of lasers are currently used in commercial laser light shows, and are the preferred laser types for such displays due to the high output. In a large scale multimedia display such as a stadium, great care must be taken to ensure the safety of the observers. The inner workings of the system must be off limits to people unless properly trained to handle such equipment.
There is a need for a three-dimensional back-projection display system that can overcome inter alia, the limitations of the prior art by eliminating focal difficulties, cumbersome mirror assemblies, custom optics requirements, costly and impractical light source cooling, and distracting shadows cast onto the display surface.
Various embodiments of the present invention are directed to an image projection system having a coherent light source configured to emit coherent light in a visible portion of the electromagnetic spectrum; a microdisplay array that receives the coherent light from said coherent light source and provides a controlled coherent light output representing an image; an optical lens assembly that operates on the coherent light output of said microdisplay array and delivers a corresponding coherent light output for projection onto a projection screen; a projection screen having a three-dimensional configuration substantially defining an enclosure volume through which the coherent light output from the optical lens assembly travels to be incident upon an inner surface of said screen; wherein said projection screen is constituted to have an inner surface, an outer surface, and a composition there-between; and wherein said projection screen and said composition are configured and arranged to receive the coherent light output from said optical lens assembly and to present a corresponding viewable image that is observable from outside the enclosure volume.
Other embodiments are directed to a method for projecting an image onto an interior surface of a projection screen, including the steps of generating coherent light in a visible portion of the electromagnetic spectrum from a coherent light source; providing said coherent light as an input to a microdisplay apparatus; controlling said microdisplay apparatus to achieve a coherent light representation of the image as an output of said microdisplay apparatus; providing said output of said microdisplay apparatus as a coherent light input to an optical lens assembly disposed substantially within an internal volume at least partially defined by said projection screen; and affecting the coherent light input of the optical lens assembly within the optical lens assembly so as to project a coherent light output from said optical lens assembly outward from the optical lens assembly and onto the interior surface of the projection screen to form a visible image viewable from outside the projection screen.
As discussed above, it can be useful to project onto or illuminate a three dimensional projection surface so that it displays a visual image that is either static or moving. Present systems are not able to effectively project such images to substantially cover a spherical projection surface due to focusing, distortion, interference, and other limitations.
The present disclosure describes novel projection systems and methods for operating the same that place coherent light from a rear projection source onto an interior surface of a substantially-enclosed three-dimensional non-opaque projection surface such as a sphere. The projection surface diffuses, scatters, or passes the light projected onto its interior surface so that a viewer observing the outer surface of the spherical projection screen may observe the projected images. The images may be projected from a projection apparatus coupled to an apparatus for processing and storing still or live images, or the images may be downloaded from another storage source or an image sensor such as a still or animated camera. The images may further be transmitted from a source to a destination over a network such as a LAN or a WAN or the Internet itself.
The systems described and claimed herein do not suffer from the problems associated with conventional three dimensional image projection systems in part because they employ a coherent light projection apparatus instead of a conventional non-coherent light projection apparatus (e.g., UHP, lamp, arc lamp, incandescent, light emitting diode "LED"). Conventional non-coherent projectors require collocation of their incident light beams to form a clear, sharp (focused) image onto the projection surface, and a focused image is generally only formed in one plane at a given distance from the projector. This fact limits conventional non-coherent projectors to projecting a focused image onto a substantially planar, or flat, projection surface. By contrast, coherent light sources form a sharp image that can remain clear and focused (while focusing is not required) at essentially any distance from the source of coherent light. Therefore, when combined with a wide angle lens greater than 90 degrees, coherent light projectors can form a clear and sharp image resulting in greater than hemispherical coverage on a substantially spherical substantially-enclosed projection screen. Coherent light projectors are also capable of providing a higher resolution image with greater color gamut, lower power consumption, and longer life expectancy than conventional non-coherent image projectors are capable of.
Some embodiments of the present invention use at least one vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL), or an optically or electrically pumped vertical extended cavity surface emitting diode laser (VECSEL) capable of emitting highly collimated coherent light, illuminating a microdisplay. Laser light is much more directional than non coherent light, providing more luminescence and less beam scatter than other types of light. Lasers are a common source of coherent light, and are typically XvYCC compliant, capable of displaying the substantial range of colors viewable by the human eye. By illuminating, a microdisplay with a VCSEL or VECSEL laser light source, an ultra high definition, full color, coherent image is formed witch retains the properties of coherent light, having a great depth of focus. This allows for fewer and cheaper optical components in the display system than in a system that doesn't use coherent light sources. In some embodiments, low-power laser light sources are employed to generate the coherent light, with the low-power laser light sources being compact enough and consuming little enough energy so as not to require active cooling of the laser light sources. In some embodiments the low-power laser light sources require less than about 1 Watt (W) of energy during operation. In other embodiments, the low-power laser light sources require less than about 0.25 W of energy during operation.
The present system can include components for adjusting the coherence of the coherent light used. An in-line coherence adjustment element may be used to reduce speckle in the projected image in case of excessive speckle that may result from interference of coherent wavefronts that are subject to phase or intensity fluctuations. One example of such an element for controlling the diffusion of the coherent light is a diffusion filter that can be placed in-line with the light rays' path.
The optics are configured to project the image over a solid angle of roughly equal to or greater than 180 degrees to achieve substantially spherical coverage over the internal surface of the globe projection shell. It is possible in some embodiments to employ lenses that spread the incident coherent light out over a solid angle of almost 360 degrees by using the right lens. This proves very useful when projecting into certain asymmetrical shapes. By positioning the optics toward any side of a substantially closed projection shell facing inward, complete focused coverage minus the optics is achieved, filling any substantially closed projection shell, regardless of size or symmetry. Without the use of custom optics and cumbersome mirrors. Efficiency and safety are substantially increased, while creating a truly modular screen system with no shadows.
The present systems are primarily intended to produce visible intelligible images representing real or abstract objects. The images may be of colored or monochromatic nature. Colored light produces corresponding color images with respective characteristic wavelength content. Light wavelengths are representative of oscillations in the electromagnetic energy which is known to run a range of wavelengths in "the electromagnetic spectrum." Light of different colors generally includes characteristic wavelengths corresponding to the different colors, with violet and blue colors having shorter wavelengths (and higher electromagnetic field oscillation frequencies) than orange and red colors, which have longer characteristic wavelengths (and lower electromagnetic field oscillation frequencies). In that regard, the present system includes the ability to produce and project visible light. Visible light is light having characteristic wavelengths (and combinations thereof) in the visible portion of the electromagnetic spectrum, and includes light with wavelengths between about 380 nm and 780 nm, and even between about 400 nm and 700 nm.
A VCSEL is a type of semiconductor laser diode with a laser beam emission generally and substantially exiting the device perpendicular from the top surface. Work on VCSELs began in the late 1970s and VCS EL devices are used in optical fiber data transmission applications. A VECSEL is a small semiconductor laser similar to a VCSEL. Unlike a VCSEL, in which two highly-reflecting mirrors are incorporated into the laser structure to form the optical cavity. In a VECSEL, a partially reflective mirror is added outside of the chip, but still inside the pump laser housing to further intensify the beam. VECSELs do not require external cooling and can run on 5 watts of power for two hours using 4 AA cells. A ultra high performance ("UHP") lamp requires an external fan and uses significantly more power than a comparable VECSEL source. In some embodiments, the present invention uses a VECSEL coherent light source to generate the coherent projected image.
VECSEL devices can provide almost 100% light output for 20,000 hours compared to a mixed gas ion laser which has a 2,000-5,000 hr tube life, and a UHP lamp which has roughly a 2,000 hour life span. So the replacement of these components is both frequent and costly. Replacement tubes for ion lasers cost about $8,000 to $10,000, and a replacement arc lamp costs about $500. VECSELs are also "instant on" sources, meaning when the laser is turned on, the light output is substantially instantly available at full power.
Additionally, VECSEL sources can be mass produced more easily than other types of sources, so they can be produced more economically than other sources. VECSELs are manufactured in a monolithic array format, allowing for low cost power scaling, speckle reduction and redundancy. All components are wafer produced and fully tested at wafer level, and they are line assembled with easy tolerances. Cost is much less than a mixed gas ion laser, and can be produced cheaper than UHP lamps at a rate of over one million laser array chips per year. A state of the art GaAs wafer fabrication facility can produce several million VECSEL array chips per year. A VESCEL array chip can emit very bright, highly collimated, polarized, coherent light providing very high contrast for diffractive, reflective or transmissive microdisplays such as Liquid Crystal On Silicon ("LCOS"), Liquid Crystal Display ("LCD"), Digital Light Processor ("DLP"), and grating light valve ("GLV"), while eliminating the need for costly polarizing filters.
While most present projection screens and surfaces are flat or substantially planar, it can be useful to project images onto spherical or other three dimensional projection screens. For example, there is potential educational, utilitarian, and entertainment value in having dynamic images projected from within onto a substantially spherical or other three dimensional projection screen through a wide angle lens. In one instance, images of the Earth's surface could be projected by the coherent source onto the interior surface of a spherical projection screen. The Earth, or other celestial bodies such as stars, planets, moons, or others are generally substantially spherical in shape. Therefore, projecting an image of the surface of these bodies onto the interior surface of a spherical screen in a way that allows a viewer looking at the exterior surface of the screen to see the image provides a more accurate view of the object being examined than if it was projected onto a flat surface.
A map projection of the earth designed so that a straight line from the central point of the map to any other point gives the shortest distance between the two points is generally referred to as an azimuthal equidistant projection. This enables a single flat map to represent distances and directions on the Earth's surface. This type of map projection is used in navigational and defense purposes.
In using a substantially spherical or three-dimensional projection surface for projecting an image of the Earth, the present "globe" projection surface allows layering of other visible data onto the Earth image. For example, the layered images can display and label various active forces such as global warming, plate tectonics, weather, demographic, political, economic, and other data. Historical data can also be displayed such as past and current country, state, and political boundaries, time zones, grid and vector data, and famous voyages. The system thereby can provide both temporal as well as spatially dynamic displays of information for educational, utilitarian, or entertainment purposes. The system can additionally be constructed to display color animated light shows to digital music and educational tutorials describing in more detail any science associated with the globe.
In some embodiments, lens 14 is a glass, quartz, or other optical material that is adapted to carry and light beams in the visible range of the electromagnetic spectrum (visible light). Lens 14 may be a single lens or a compound set of lenses designed to provide the effect of a wide angle lens that spreads incident light beams outward onto the interior surface of screen 16. Lens 14 may be equipped with coatings and imbued with optical or chemical additives to enhance its performance in spreading the incident light 12 and redirecting it as 18. A simple example lens 14 has a back (input, or incidence) side that receives as input an incident laser image 12 that is generated by a laser projector below the lens (not shown) or that arrives at the lens 14 by way of other lenses, mirrors, or optical components. The incident image 12 can be a static image or a dynamic moving image (e.g., a video stream). The convex shape of lens 14 causes the individual light beams therein to deflect from their original direction and are redirected according to the size of the lens 14, its shape, curvature, composition, and wavelength of the light in incident image 12. The fish-eye lens 14 can be a semi-spherical section or derivation thereof, including a 180-degree lens that can deliver light to substantially a 360-degree region of the interior surface 17 of spherical projection screen 16.
It is noted that projection screen 16 includes an inner portion along an interior thickness of the screen that has scattering elements to cause scattering of light incident of the interior surface 17 of screen 16. The scattering may result from the purposeful inclusion of scattering particles such as beads, bubbles, dust, glitter, shavings, fibers, and the like. The scattering may also be provided by a coating or other mechanical or chemical treatment of the interior surface 17 of projection screen 16. Frosting can also be used to scatter incident light beams from the interior surface 17 of screen 16 so that the beams are redirected in a plurality of directions. After passing through the scattering interior portion of projection screen 16, the light passes through the light-permissive exterior portion 19 of the screen 16. This can be accomplished by using common glass, acrylic, crystal, or other transparent or substantially transparent layers on the outside surface 19 of screen 16. It is possible to construct a projection screen 16 to suit the present inventions where the entire thickness of the screen includes frosted or scattering elements as described with regard to the interior surface 17 portion above. That is, the material of screen 16 does not necessarily need to be constructed from layered or graded material, but can also be constructed from uniform scattering material. Finally, the scattering material, treatment, frosting as discussed above may be disposed at or near the exterior surface 19 of projection screen 16.
In some embodiments, the screen is formed from a glass, polymer material, plastic, acrylic, or the like and is provided with micro-beads within the material. The micro-beads have optical properties such as a selected index of refraction, or range of indices of refraction, that causes the light rays incident on the screen's interior surface to diffuse within the screen before being sent out the screen's outer surface. In other embodiments, the interior surface, of the screen is mechanically, chemically, or otherwise treated or coated to cause it to have a surface texture that diffuses the incident light. For example, the interior surface of the screen can be scratched, rubbed, knurled, dimpled, or have raised microscopic features that scatter and diffuse the incoming light for better viewing at a variety of angles. The interior projection surface can also be coated or laminated with a second or multiple layers that provide desired optical properties to the screen. The exterior surface of the screen 16 can be smooth, or coated or textured to reduce glare and enhance the viewing contrast and overall aesthetic experience.
Image distortion, sometimes referred to as the "barrel distortion" can occur with wide angle lenses in general, and is addressed by the present invention. A cause of the distortion is that, ordinarily, the incoming image 12 is typically formed for use with a flat projection screen like that of a television or a computer monitor instead of a curved, spherical or three-dimensional screen. When the image is spread out as shown by beams 18 of
According to embodiments of the present invention, the screen body is contoured into three dimensions rather than a conventional flat (generally two-dimensional) screen. In some examples, this provides substantial or extreme curvature of some or all portions of the projection screen such as to form a substantially spherical or similar highly curved surface onto which the internally back-projected image can be displayed. The formation of the screen can be done in several ways, including by molding, bending, blowing, forming, extruding, or otherwise processing sheet material to form the body of the screen 16. The screen 16 has an inner surface 17 that faces the projection source and an outer surface 19 that the viewer beholds when viewing the projected image. The screen is designed with optical properties that permit it to be back-lit (from the inside) so that light can pass from its inner surface 17 outward to its outer surface 19 and beyond. However, the screen is not completely transparent so that the viewer does not become distracted with the inner components of the projection system and so that the projected images are properly visible and diffused by the screen. Therefore, for viewing at a range of angles, the projection screen can be designed to scatter and diffuse the incident light arriving at its interior surface, which will send light corresponding to the incident light at any given spot on the screen into multiple directions, including substantially all directions, including especially substantially all directions outside projection screen 16.
In one exemplary embodiment, the present invention provides a fully interactive digital back-projection of the surface of a planet (e.g., Earth) on a globe-shaped projection surface, where the globe displays some or all aspects of movement (e.g., rotation) associated with the Earth. Other aspects such as Earth's atmosphere can also be depicted thereon. Azimuthal equidistant images of Earth are provided from a computer-readable source by way of a computer to a microdisplay which is illuminated by a coherent light source. The microdisplay and the computer can be directly or indirectly coupled to achieve the imaging desired at the microdisplay. The system creates a coherent visible signal or image to be sent through an optical element with roughly a 180 degree field of view (FOV). The optical element is mounted at an outer edge of a substantially spherical projection shell, as described above, and sending the coherent visible signal or image towards an internal surface of the projection shell which enables an observer looking at an outer surface of the projection shell to see the visible signal or image.
The three-dimensional projection screen or shell can be formed from glass, polymer material, plastic, acrylic, or the like. The interior surface of the shell can be mechanically, chemically, or otherwise treated or coated to cause it to have a surface texture that diffuses or scatters the coherent light. The shell can be scratched rubbed knurled dimpled or have light diffusing or scattering polymers that scatter and diffuse the incoming coherent light for better viewing at a variety of angles. The interior projection surface can also be coated or laminated with a second or multiple layers that provide desired optical properties to the shell. The exterior of the shell can be smooth, coated, or textured to reduce glare and enhance the viewing contrast. The shell can be custom tinted to enhance the overall viewing experience.
In some embodiments, the system also comprises a housing or case which acts as a decorative enclosure internally housing and protecting various optical and electrical components that provide computational functions or the output of audio and coherent visual data. The housing can further comprise a manifold for power distribution and electrical surge protection, and an air circulation system for the removal of excess heat generated by the various electrical components. The housing also provides a surface for mounting connections to streaming data, standard electrical service, a user interface, and the input and output of audio. This can be done in the form of an mp3 "dock." In some instances, the housing supports the projection shell and completes the globe's physical dimensions.
Projection system 200 delivers coherent images 210 to for display on a three-dimensional projection surface that substantially encloses or defines an internal volume 211. The three-dimensional (e.g., partial sphere) projection surface is coupled to a housing 212 which houses and protects various electrical and mechanical components of the system 200 as well as the output of audio and coherent visual data. The housing 212 also provides a surface for mounting connections to streaming data 21, standard electrical service 22, a user interface connection 23, and an input and output of audio connection 24. The housing 212 further provides a surface for mounting a cooling fan 213, an air circulation vent 214, a battery 215 or other source of electrical power, and a manifold for power distribution 220.
Projection system 200 also includes one or more apparatus for processing electronic data, instructions, or signals. For example a processor 230 which receives power from another portion of the system and includes connections for electrical power, and cooling means. The processor 230 controls most or all logical operations of the present system, and is typically disposed on a printed circuit board or other type of suitable motherboard 232. The functions of processor 230 are myriad, some of which are described in greater detail elsewhere with respect to image processing and other numerical and logical operations used to properly project a coherent light image onto the present three-dimensional screens. The processor can perform operations on the information and data it receives and provides an output that corresponds to signals to be sent to form the projected image and/or sound from the system. One type of operation performed by processor 230 is the pre-distortion mentioned above to compensate for geometric (e.g., "pincushion") distortion from the lens projecting onto the projection surface. Other processing operations known to those skilled in the art include for example format conversion, amplification, decompression, decoding, and other signal processing operations.
Other components coupled (directly or indirectly) to motherboard 232 include memory apparatus 240, network connection apparatus 241, and input apparatus 242. The memory apparatus 240 provide the processor 230 with access to instructions and data stored on memory apparatus 240. The memory apparatus 240 can be in the form of random access memory (RAM) 243 which takes the form of integrated circuits that allow the stored data to be accessed in essentially any (random) order without physical or mechanical movement of the storage medium. An optical drive 244 which can read and write data on optical disks. A hard drive 245, which is a permanent storage device used to hold data. Flash memory 246 which is a form of non-volatile computer memory held on memory cards that can be electrically erased and reprogrammed.
The network connection apparatus 241 is used to provide a link to a wide area network ("WAN") via the Internet or satellite transmissions or other means of communicating with remote systems over a wired or wireless network. The present system 200 and the components thereof can use a variety of connectors and protocols for carrying data and signals thereover, including TCP/IP with Ethernet connectors, USB connections, Firewire IEEE connections, WiFi 802.11, Bluetooth, and others being known or becoming available.
The input device 242 gives the user the ability to control the input and output of visual and audio data to the system 200. Examples of input devices 242 include, but are not limited to, integrated touch-screen, mouse, keyboard, track ball, track pad, joystick, click wheel, and remote control etc. Further examples of user interface devices are given elsewhere in this document and are known or will become known to those skilled in the art. In general, content is selected for display on the three-dimensional projection surface by a user through input device 242.
Processor 230 sends data received from the memory 240, with or without processing the data, to at least one optional audio speaker for generation of sound to accompany the coherent projected images. Output from processor 230 is a coherent light source 260, a microdisplay 270, an optical element such as a wide angle lens or array of lenses 280 as discussed elsewhere.
The coherent light source 260 directs colored light (e.g., red, green, and blue coherent light) 261 toward microdisplay 270. By illuminating the microdisplay 270 with coherent light, a full color high definition coherent image 210 is formed. The coherent image 210 is directed toward optical element or assembly 280, which consists of shaped pieces of transparent material with opposing surfaces that are contoured to allow the coherent image 210 to subtend an output projection angle. This angle can substantially cover the three-dimensional projection surface, and may be roughly equal to, equal to, or greater than 180 degrees to give almost or substantially 360-degree coverage in some embodiments. The three-dimensional projection surface can consist of any substantially enclosed three-dimensional space large enough to accept the optical lens element or assembly 280.
A coherent image which leaves the microdisplay 270 is directed towards an optical lens element 280. It is worth describing some basic types of lenses or lens components that can be used as part of lens element or assembly 280 in various present embodiments. The power of a lens is measured in millimeters and is known as the focal length. The focal length is the distance between the focal plane and the optical center of the lens. In addition, there are generally two types of wide angle lenses: short-focus lenses and retrofocus lenses, which can individually or in combination with other optical elements be used to construct an appropriate lens assembly 280 for the present purposes.
A fisheye lens is a type of lens that has a wide field of view, including some having a very wide field of view covering a broad solid angle. Fisheye lens angles of roughly 180 degrees can also produce what is known as "barrel distortion," where the image magnification decreases with increasing distance from the optical axis. In the context of photography, fisheye lenses which can cover or capture substantially hemispherical views may produce this type of distortion as a result of a hemispherical scene being projected onto a two-dimensional photographic medium such as film. This tends to give the image of objects with straight lines that do not radiate out from the center point of the photograph a warped appearance, while leaving lines which do radiate out from the center straight or less distorted. In some or all embodiments of the present invention, this type of lens is suitable for projecting azimuthal equidistant images as is discussed in more detail elsewhere in this document. Note that equivalent optical apparatus, whether analog or digital, and whether electronic or mechanical, or combinations thereof, that accomplish the same or substantially the same function as lens assembly 280 are comprehended by the present disclosure and associated claims.
Microdisplay 270 is a display having compact physical proportions, as suitable for the application at hand. For the present applications, a microdisplay typically has a screen size less than about 5 diagonal inches, and even less than two diagonal inches, or even less than 1.5 diagonal inches, but these dimensions are not intended to be limiting of the present description or other embodiments that are and will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The precise action of the microdisplay 270 is to control the coherent light delivered to the lens element or assembly 280. This same or equivalent function is accomplished using "light valves" or "light modulators" as known to those skilled in the art. Three specific examples of types of microdisplays 270 suitable for some or all present embodiments include "reflective" microdisplays and "transmissive" microdisplays, and "diffractive" microdisplays, depending on the specific embodiment and application under consideration.
The use of a coherent light source in the present context allows for the system to operate with a small-sized microdisplay, which is able to be made smaller than what would be required if the light source was non-coherent (e.g., ARC lamp). The small microdisplay can be addressed electrically or optically to achieve its function.
In some embodiments of the present system, the coherent light source's output covers a cross-sectional area substantially equal to, slightly larger than, or slightly smaller than the area of the microdisplay.
In other embodiments, a lens system or an array or collection of specially-selected (e.g., magnification, de-magnification) lens components or optical elements is disposed between the optical source and the microdisplay so as to more evenly distribute the coherent light from the light source onto the surface of the microdisplay. In some specific embodiments, this may provide a substantially uniform light intensity across a substantial (e.g., one half or more) fraction of the microdisplay's surface area. In yet other embodiments, an optical element, such as a diffractive element, is placed in-line with the output of the light source so as to further concentrate or intensify the light incident upon the microdisplay.
Still other embodiments hereof employ a scanning apparatus disposed between the source of coherent light and the microdisplay so as to cause a scanning of the coherent light onto the surface of the microdisplay. In particular examples, the scanning is done in a raster or Cartesian or x-y grid pattern as determined by the scanning apparatus.
As mentioned above, the projection system 200 can be coupled to external sources of information over a network. Examples of such sources of information include image repositories (including still and moving images) or a live camera feed, or a national, local, regional or global weather system, economic market data sources, sensors, including environmental and biometric sensors, satellite camera sources, aerial camera sources, traffic systems, libraries, or other sources in order to receive information, for display on the contoured surface. The data can be controlled to display current (real time) information or historical information (past times) or predicted information (future times).
Processor 230 can be a part of a computer system, such as a personal computer ("PC") or workstation, and may in fact be a PC or a modified PC as needed, and may be implemented ill a central processing unit ("CPU"), graphics processor, or other processing unit suitable for this purpose. Processor 230 can also receive inputs in various embodiments from control devices, including a user interface control pad, which allows a user to control the system, including controlling the images projected onto the projection screen.
User interactivity can be accomplished locally or remotely by using at least one input device. Input devices are sometimes referred to as input or user interface peripherals. A peripheral is added to the terminal computer in order to expand its abilities. The term "peripheral" is sometimes applied to devices that are connected to the system externally, typically through some form of computer bus connection, or communicate with the host wirelessly. However, the user input device 242 can be physically mounted to the housing 212 and can be hardwired or integrated with the underlying computer. Examples include touch screens and multi touch screens and others as described herein.
In some embodiments, a user can use actuation controls on the control pad 510 to control the orientation of a projected image on the contoured projection surface. In one embodiment, the control pad 510 includes special hardware for use by the user. In another embodiment, the control pad includes software for controlling the system. In still other embodiments, control pad 510 includes both hardware and software for controlling the system. The control pad 510 can also be used by software designed with the system to correct or adjust the image by adjusting for distortion, contrast, brightness, color, sound volume, etc.
Control pad 510 ca also be used to perform functions such as turning the system on and off. Also it can be used to control which data is selected for display on the projection screen and in what form. For example the interface is used for turning on or off various data layers shown with a display of the Earth (e.g. cloud cover).
A grid overlaid onto the globe may be included in the projected image or added thereto for example to represent the latitude and longitude lines on the surface of the Earth. The control pad 510 can also be used with software to pan (translate) the image or zoom (magnify) in or out of a selected location on the surface of the globe. The user can thereby navigate to a location on the globe and control the appearance of the image on the projection screen.
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In some embodiments, it is desirable to provide the outer surface or the thickness of the projection screen with a colored or other textured look. For example, it may be pleasing or useful to imbue the projection screen or shell with a tint or hue. Also, it may be desirable to provide the projection screen with a thickness of some amount for aesthetic or utilitarian purposes. In some instances, a thick bluish tint may give a globe-shaped acrylic or glass projection shell the appearance of a planet's atmosphere.
Numerous uses of the present system to illuminate and enhance the interior spaces of a home, theater, office, or other enclosure can be developed. For example, to experience something that a user cannot or does not want to experience in person is one possible type of application for the present system. Consider a person with a physical handicap who would like to experience the effect of walking through the woods, or a person who would like to simulate a car or bicycle race but isn't able to physically participate therein. The person may have previously-stored images (and optionally sounds) from the venue transmitted through the present projection systems onto the interior surfaces of a room the person is in so that the person can virtually enjoy the experience. Also, for scientific purposes, a person may experience the inside of a normally-inhospitable environment such as a cave or a volcano without being in physical danger. Cameras and optionally microphones may capture images and optionally sounds form an environment and bring that information to the projection system for presentation to a user. In some embodiments, the camera and optional microphone may be transmitting substantially real-time information from a remote location, such as the Tour de France bicycle race course, for example being mounted on one of the bicycles or vehicles at the race, and the user can experience that event almost in real-time. The same effect can be edited and time-delayed for broadcast in the way best suited for the application at hand.
As discussed earlier, the present invention is capable of providing focused coherent light images onto a variety of three-dimensional projection surfaces. In some instances these projection surfaces have substantial curvature, depth, or even angular facets. This is distinct from present back-projection systems that project onto a substantially two-dimensional or flat (e.g., television, computer monitor) screen, and is distinct from projection onto the back of a slightly curved but otherwise two-dimensional cathode ray tube ("CRT") screen that has been in use for some time. These conventional (e.g., television, computer monitor) screens are not fully three-dimensional and cannot provide the same experiences as the presently-described projection surfaces. In the present invention, the highly-curved three-dimensional projection screens cover a spherical section with a substantial three-dimensional enclosed volume like a cup, dome, ball, and other such shells. Note that the shells are not necessarily hollow, but can in some embodiments include solid (filled) shapes that accomplish the same effect. In many present embodiments, the projection screen covers enough spherical section so as to provide greater than 180-degrees (hemispherical) solid angle projection. In yet some other embodiments, the coverage extends to at least 270-degree solid angle. In yet further embodiments, the coverage extends even to coverage exceeding about 300-degree solid angles.
The shell used for back-projection herein can be a module that is replaced with other shells of other sizes and shapes where the application call for this. For example, a substantially spherical shell for projecting the Earth's surface can be replaced with a cubical shell or a shell depicting another three dimensional object. In some embodiments, the projection surfaces resemble actual or idealized anatomical parts such as the heart, brain, lungs, kidneys, etc. And static or dynamic moving images of the organ's behavior and structure can be projected onto an interior surface thereof. If required, computer-controlled image processing adjusts to accommodate the switching between one projection shell and another. Similar mechanical mating surfaces such as flanges or magnetic mounts can be used to universally couple the modular projection shells onto a common base. Educational units covering the solar system and later covering the human body can thus rely on the same projection system but just interchange the projection shells and projected imagery. Applications in architecture, surgery, and education are possible using this system as well.
The present disclosure is not intended to be limited by its preferred embodiments, and other embodiments are also comprehended and within its scope. For example, embodiments where the contoured projection screen is not strictly spherical in shape, but rather cubical, rectangular, pyramidal, or otherwise shaped for utility or novelty purposes to support a projected image.
Numerous other embodiments, modifications and extensions to the present disclosure are intended to be covered by the scope of the present inventions as claimed below. This includes implementation details and features that would be apparent to those skilled in the art in the mechanical, logical or electronic implementation of the systems described herein. This also includes uses for such systems, whether for entertainment, education, commercial, military, astronomical, navigational, medical, or other purposes that the present systems are capable of being used in.
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|Hollemann et al., "RGB Lasers for Laser Projection Displays," (Date Unknown) Laser F/X, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, http://www.laserfx.com/Backstage.LaserFX.com/Systems/rgb-dpss.pdf.
|Light Blue Optics Demonstrates Matchbox-Sized PVPro(TM) Projector Evaluation Kit, 2006, Advanced Imaging Pro Magazine, Cygnus Publishing, Ft. Atkinson, Wisconsin, http://www.advancedimagingpro.com/articie/article.jsp?id=2398.
|Lindstrom, "Future Display Devices, Part 3: Laser Projection," 2000, Infocomm International, Fairfax, Virginia, http://www.infocomm.org/Newsnetwork/index.cfm?objectID=B9CCD0D0-CB08-11D4-A.
|Murphy, "Laser Projection Equipment," 1993, International Laser Display Association, Orlando, Florida, http://www.laserist.org/ilda/glossary.shtml.
|Piquepaille, "A Portable Holographic Projector," 2005, http://www.primidi.com/2005/01/02.html.
|RGB Laser Projector, RGB Laser Projector LMG-RGBAOLP-02 Component Catalog, 2004, Light Management Group, http://www.1mgr.net/Products/RGB-C-Catalogue.htm.
|RGB Laser Projector, RGB Laser Projector LMG-RGBAOLP-02 Component Catalog, 2004, Light Management Group, http://www.1mgr.net/Products/RGB—C—Catalogue.htm.
|Scott, "Video and Data Projection Systems," 2006, International Planetary Society, Inc., Amarillo, Texas, http://www.ips-planetarium.org/pubs/PDG/VideoData-Projection-F.pdf.
|Scott, "Video and Data Projection Systems," 2006, International Planetary Society, Inc., Amarillo, Texas, http://www.ips-planetarium.org/pubs/PDG/VideoData—Projection-F.pdf.
|Travis et al., "Wedge-Shaped Screens for Flat Panel Projection Display," 2000, Cambridge University, Cambridge, United Kingdom, http://www2.eng.cam.ac.uk/~arlt1/wedge/Wedge.htm.
|Travis et al., "Wedge-Shaped Screens for Flat Panel Projection Display," 2000, Cambridge University, Cambridge, United Kingdom, http://www2.eng.cam.ac.uk/˜arlt1/wedge/Wedge.htm.
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|Apr 27, 2011
|Oct 14, 2014
|Marc Lalley
|Quasi-three-dimensional display apparatus
|Sep 21, 2011
|Jan 12, 2012
|Iglobe Inc.
|Ray Casting for Coherent Light Internal Projection Systems
|Apr 27, 2011
|Nov 1, 2012
|Marc Lalley
|Quasi-Three-Dimensional Display Apparatus
|U.S. Classification
|353/10, 348/744, 345/32, 359/451, 353/20, 353/122
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification


text:
Style: 31224587 Color Code:
High waist ribbed briefs with sheer lace insets. Intense tropical teal rosebud accent on waistband, which features scalloped trims along with leg openings.
By SKIVVIES by For Love & Lemons
Derived from those sun-soaked "Lemonade Stand Days," designers, owners, and BFF's Gillian Mahin and Laura Hall are the masterminds behind For Love & Lemons. Based in Los Angeles, the collection is anything but conventional. For Love & Lemons is a brand for that girl who doesn't follow trends, she makes them.


text: Dear Christine, Five years ago I lost a man I dated when he went off with another woman. At the time I took the split really hard. I literally begged him to come back but he never gave me the time of day. After about three years had passed, I made friends with another man. Everything was going okay between us until the old boyfriend came back into the picture. He began phoning me, passing by my home and turning up at my workplace to take me to lunch. Of course, I refused. He says he is sorry; he realizes his mistake and wants a second chance. Christine, I am being very honest when I tell you that I love this man. I never really stopped loving him. In fact, things between us before we broke up were much better than with my current boyfriend. On the other hand, my current boyfriend says he is willing to marry. Since boyfriend No.1 is back in the picture, I am really unsure about marriage. What must I do? – K.B. Dear K.B., I think you need to take a time out. Sit back and look at both situations before you make a final decision. If you are not sure that you want to marry your current boyfriend, don't do it. You'll be miserable and unhappy, and perhaps break his heart in the long run. However, your ex – who has hurt you in the past – now needs your forgiveness. I honestly cannot tell you which of these guys you should go with. I believe if you wait and take that time out, the answer will come. – CHRISTINE


text:
"Get up, big guy, time to go."
The honey voice drew Gart from his dream. Strange, her voice sounds way more appealing than last night.
Gart propped an elbow beneath himself, slowly moving his numb muscles around. He used his free hand to chase the sleepiness away from his eyes. His, now slightly reddish, eyes found Sulafa, she was sitting atop a cylindrical bundle carefully and meticulously arranging her curls.
"Where is your sister?" Gart's eyes searched for the sun and found it practically on top of them, he must have been way more tired than he thought.
"Hunting for the jine'ery." answered Sul with a grimace, her hair was being bitchy. "We have a job to do, remember?"
"Oh, I remember I just find it strange that she left without you and her cloak." Gart finally recognized the bundle that Sulafa was using as a cushion for her butt.
"We'd both slow her down, plus, it's not so cold today."
Gart sat down an extended a hand outside of his cloak. Sulafa was telling the truth, the weather was rather warm and yet the woman herself showed no desire to take off her cloak.
"So, how does this work exactly, we flick our ears and wait for Angiss?"
"Nah, my sister finds the jine'ery, I find her. We figure out how to put it down." Sul carefully stood up. She was finally done with her hair and moved on to her clothes.
"How exactly are you going to find her?" Gart found his feet, collecting his sword and bag, he wasn't too hungry yet, his stomach abhorred eating food shortly after waking up.
"Girl secret!" Sulafa cheerfully started pacing towards a seemingly random goal.
"I'm not feeling very leader-ly at the moment." he claimed with a sour face.
"Don't sulk, oh glorious leader." teased Sulafa. "We've been doing this for fifteen years. I assure you that we will be of no help to my sister. She is an exceedingly skilled tracker."
"Her apparent affinity towards insubordination is not what worries me. The Sentinel knows, I'm not suited to be much more than a soldier." Gart shifted the bag to his other shoulder. He debated for a moment whether tapping Water to fix some stiff muscles was worth it, then decided against it. He might need his Elements later. "Your sister comes off as an untrusting person and I assure you my words to her were not a lie. I don't want to see you both hurt because you were vexed by an allegedly insulting interference in your private space. If you do not cooperate, this could turn, from a simple hunt and capture, into a blood bath."
"We do not capture jine'eries, Gart. We cull them."
"Killing this one is meaningless. You've already done so, repeatedly."
Sulafa abruptly came to a stop. She turned, in a swirl of golden curls and green cloak, to face the man.
"Try recalling the image of the last jine'ery you and your sister killed."
Sul closed her eyes, rummaging through her memories. She nodded.
"Now describe him to me."
"Its fingertips ended with ebony claws, it had wolf-like legs. Its horns started from the forehead and curved backwards, they were several shades lighter than the claws. It was huge, over two-thirty tall, muscular arms and chest, slitted brown eyes. The mouth lacked lips and it had fangs instead of teeth."
"Alright, now try to remember the one before that. Focus only on proportions and bone coloring."
Sulafa slightly tilted her had.
"I guess that I can see some resemblance. But the last one had way heavier scarring, besides from what I know the beasts can have siblings, therefore, they might be brothers or even twins."
"Possible, yet what are the odds of you stumbling upon on two member of the same family?" Gart rubbed his chin. "One of your reports from two years ago describes an alarmingly similar specimen to your last two kills."
"Alright, now you are just leading me on." She started walking again, this time slightly faster. "Why would it come back to play cat and mouse with us?"
"I cannot find a justification. Nevertheless you shouldn't allow facial scars to deceive you. The post mortem regeneration of a Gifted sometimes ignores superficial defects and if I do happen to be wrong, then I will apologize and leave you be."
"How can you tell if it's like you?" The female elf started playing with a curl.
"The moment he taps an Element, I will now."
Gart carefully eyed Sulafa. She was silent for a while, lost in thought.
"How many elements are there?"
"Right now – seventeen."
"Can you use all of them?"
"Curious little creature, aren't you?" Gart said with a smirk.
"Just answer the question. Don't worry, I won't spill the secret. I doubt I can find anyone that cares."
"I can use the six master Elements."
"And how many of the others have you seen in action?"
"Two or three, I believe."
"And if it uses one of the others, you are going to recognize it how exactly?"
His chuckle made her nose wrinkle in slight annoyance. She quickly regained her composure.
"It doesn't matter if I've actually seen an Element. I can always recognize it and I would already know what It does."
"You can do that how exactly?"
"It's a bit hard to clarify." Gart was starting to get hungry. "Within every living being there is a matrix…"
"What's a matrix?" Sulafa was quick to interrupt, if Gart was trying to confuse her with big words, she wouldn't give him the pleasure.
"It's a template, a source that contains information. For example it tells you that you are an elf, it teaches your body how exactly an elf should look. This way you can develop properly and don't end up resembling an orc, for instance. Sometimes the matrix can provide you with life preserving information…"
"I smell bullshit. All I know I've learned from someone, not a magic ball that allegedly exists within me."
"Please, stop interrupting me." Gart's irritation was growing. He narrowed his eyes, peering in the distance. "Are you certain that your sister went this way?"
"Don't change the subject and yes, I'm quite sure."
"Well, that's unfortunate. However, it provides me with a convenient way to validate my words. We are currently walking towards an old village, to some of our people it is a symbol of betrayal and misfortune. What can you tell me about the elf named Rordehriel?"
"I have no fu…"
Sulafa suddenly gasped. Her hands shot towards her head as it started to pound. Knowledge that she had never held before suddenly started oozing into her mind.
When she finally found regained her focus, she found herself shaking, held on her feet, only by Gart's hand.
"She… she was an elf. She ascended into godhood, she… She was raised by the Reaper, for her abilities to mete out death…"
"Yes, we elves are born of the Sentinel. To us the patronage of the Reaper is sacrilege." Gart released his grip. "Congratulations, you just tapped your matrix for knowledge. It takes a strong mind to be able to do that."
Sweat had broken over Sulafa's now pale face. She took out a handkerchief.
"This is not the first time I've come across something I don't know, why haven't I used this… matrix before?"
"Well as you have seen for yourself, tapping the matrix is not pleasant in the least. There is also a limit of how much a mind can store before going insane. If you saw a bunny and you didn't recognize it as an herbivorous animal, the matrix would probably stay quiet, since it's not particularly important that you recognize it. If you were starving, however, and stumbled upon unknown berries, your matrix will tell you if they are edible or not, provided of course that you are of strong will."
"How'd you have explained all this if I failed to recognize the name Rordehriel?"
"Oh, I would have probably stopped trying to explain anything to you." He shrugged his shoulders. "What's the point of educating a retard."


text:
New Friends
"What the hell do you want?"
"So why have you been following me for the last half an hour?" Bee tried unsuccessfully to extract any sort of helpful answer from the little weedy man who had been following her like a dog.
"I haven't."
"Yes you have! I even went into a shop to see if you followed me and you did."
"What difference does that make?"
"You joined the queue but didn't have anything to buy."
"And?" Bee sighed as she gave up her futile mission.
"Fine, follow me if you really must, but if you're still behind me when I get home, I will go into the house retrieve a large kitchen knife and perform a small lesson in anatomy." She flounced away from the little man and headed home.
Upon arriving at her door, Bee looked around her and was delighted to discover that the impish man had let her alone. Safe in the knowledge that she could go into the house and mull over Lucifer's proposal without the fear of being mugged by a midget gem sized bloke, she sat down on her bed and sank into the pillows.
"I told you to go home!" She jumped out of bed and grabbed the little man by his collar so that she could look properly at his face.
"You didn't tell me anything."
"I did when you followed me home!"
"I didn't follow you home."
"You... Yes you did!"
"No, Bob followed you home."
"Who's Bob?"
"I'm Bob." Bee jumped as the little man who had followed her home appeared at her bedroom door.
"What is going on?"
"We've come to get you back."
"I don't know you, I've never met you, how can you get me back?" The two men looked at each other as their eyes widened in shock. "What?"


text:
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Police push to tackle motorcycle and scooter fatalities in London
Operation Winchester aims to reduce deaths by deploying more police to stop riders
TRANSPORT for London (TfL) has today launched a new phase of its Operation Winchester initiative, which aims to reduce the amount of accidents involving motorcycles and scooters by deploying more police to target riders in the Capital.
TfL says it's working with the Metropolitan Police and the Transport Policing Command to put more officers at what it calls 'motorcycle hotspot junctions' - locations where collisions are most likely to occur, in boroughs where statistically motorcyclists are at greatest risk of injury.
Methods employed will include clamping down on speeding, careless riding and red light running, as well as other antisocial behaviour. Alongside stepping up enforcement of traffic laws on motorcyclists, the police will also be giving road safety advice to all road users and providing leaflets about BikeSafe-London skills days.
Leon Daniels, TfL's Managing Director of Surface Transport, said: `We are fully committed to making London's roads safer for all, and with this focus on motorcycle and scooter safety, bringing down the number of collisions involving this vulnerable road user group. The three Es - enforcement, education and engineering - are central to this. On-street education and enforcement, substantial investment in improving rider skills and guidance to help engineers design roads so that they are safer for riders, all form part of a concerted effort to improve road safety in the Capital.'
This latest enforcement phase of the wider plan to make London's street safer to motorcycles and scooters sits alongside a few other initiatives and resources. They include securing funding for MCIA-accredited training centres in every part of London and a one-to-one pilot training scheme in Croydon for commuters, which could be rolled out to other parts on London if successful.
During two previous phases of the same operation, the police stopped 5,389 riders, handed out 742 traffic offence reports, 1,335 verbal warnings, seized 96 motorcycle and made 10 arrests.
In 2015, motorcycle and scooter fatalities in London rose to 36, from 27 the year before. Provisional data indicates that there were 514 serious injuries to motorcyclist and scooter riders in the twelve months ending September 2015, compared with 507 in 2014.
Related Content
London Fire Brigade launches free first aid training scheme for riders
Transport for London launches Motorcycle Safety Action Plan
Driver caught on his mobile: I was keeping my ear warm
Chaz Davies and comedian Alan Davies help launch THINK! campaign
Not a fake police biker
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Harry Redknapp has seen Arsenal go from pole position to outsiders in the Premier League title race within the space of two home games, and he expects the task for Arsène Wenger to be even tougher next season.
When West Ham were winning at half-time against Manchester United, the championship looked within Wenger's grasp, but Wayne Rooney staged a comeback for the leaders and Arsenal failed to beat Blackburn later that day.
With the next home game at the Emirates Stadium culminating in a dramatic draw with Liverpool, Redknapp's Tottenham can effectively end their rivals' hopes this evening at White Hart Lane.
Wenger's Invincibles were the last Arsenal team to win the title, in 2004, and Redknapp believes it will be more difficult to finish at the summit next season compared to the current campaign.
"I think its going to be harder," he said. "It's only a matter of time before Manchester City win a championship, that's for sure, if they keep buying top players.
"I think Liverpool will be up there again. I think next year will be harder than this year and this year was harder than the year before."
Should they fail to close the six-point gap on United, this season could be seen as a missed opportunity for Arsenal.
"They had ... Blackburn at home and then they threw away a great opportunity on Sunday and only took a point," Redknapp said. "If they took those extra four points look where they'd be. With Manchester United to play at home still. They would have been in pole position.
"When United drew [Manchester] City in the FA Cup semi-final, they had two legs to play. Chelsea and Arsenal had none of that and you looked at it and I fancied Arsenal strongly at that time.
"They had no distractions. Then suddenly on that Saturday, United came back to win the game and Arsenal couldn't beat Blackburn."
Arsenal have only defeated Leyton Orient and Blackpool since losing in the Carling Cup final in February, leading to questions over whether Wenger can take his team further. But Redknapp has defended his counterpart amid criticism from the influential Arsenal Supporters' Trust.
"I don't understand that at all," Redknapp said. "How can they criticise him? They've had fantastic success and play great football.
"You lose a few games and you have these silly phone-ins, someone calling the radio station saying 'they were rubbish today, absolutely useless'. If people ring up I switch over and put Magic FM on and listen to a bit of music. Why would I want to listen to a bunch of idiots? They must have sad lives with nothing better to do."
Redknapp, however, has seen a change in approach from Wenger. He agreed the pressure has got to the Arsenal manager recently "because he has probably not had it [defeat] so much".
Redknapp added: "We can all sit there with a cigar when you're winning 3-0, saying 'this is good'. Suddenly they started losing and he was one of the biggest nutters of all. He's jumping around more than anyone now. That's how it gets you. We all do it.
"What was he going through when Liverpool got that free-kick on the edge of the box? It's the worst feeling in the world waiting for that free-kick. What he must have gone through on Sunday must not be good for your health, that's for sure."
Meanwhile, the Premier League is not expected to move Stoke City's game against Manchester City following concerns over a conflict of interest regarding European qualification.
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text: Hi, I have 3 days 2 nights in Chiangmai and wonder if the following itinerary is possible. Day 1: Ride from Chiangmai to Mae Hong Son. Overnight at Mae Hong Son. Day 2: Ride from Mae Hong Son to Pai. Break. Ride back to Chiangmai. Visit night market in Chiangmai. Overnight at Chiangmai. Day 3: Rest and relax in Chiangmai. Anybody able to give me an estimate of the number of hours required for section of the ride? Would a Baja 250 be sufficient?