text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Sep 1, 1998
|Filing date
|Mar 28, 1995
|Priority date
|Mar 28, 1995
|Fee status
|Publication number
|Wolff M. Kirsch, Yong Hua Zhu, Mahmoud Torabinejad
|Original Assignee
|Loma Linda University Medical Center
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (37), Non-Patent Citations (16), Referenced by (48), Classifications (23), Legal Events (6)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
This invention relates to dental instruments and is particularly directed to a multi-purpose dental instrument for use in removing intrinsic stains from teeth.
The removal of intrinsic stains in the teeth has been found to be very difficult. In an attempt to whiten the stained tooth, the surface of the affected tooth has been painted with oxidizing agents and exposed to special heat or light. Various chemicals applied to the surface of the affected tooth have been tried, for example hydrogen peroxide mixed with other agents such as boric acid, without general success. In addition, the bleaching process itself has been found to be relatively painful.
Some of the difficulties in this process are inherent in all currently available dental techniques. For example, due to the limited range of the hinging of the jaw bone, the dentist must generally rely on tactile, rather than visual, feedback. Likewise, it is extremely difficult to maintain a relatively bacterial free environment due to the bacterial rich flora of the mouth. Finally, most patients have been conditioned to associate the noise of a drill or vibration with pain and, therefore, may react accordingly, even when the process is not painful.
Thus, there is needed an improved dental instrument which facilitates various dental procedures, including the bleaching of teeth, which overcomes the drawbacks of the prior art.
The present invention is directed to a dental apparatus, and various dental processes facilitated by use of the inventive instrument. In particular, an important aspect of the invention is an improved method of bleaching teeth.
One aspect of the invention is a dental apparatus, including a laser, an instrument connected to the laser comprising a body having a distal end, an optic light delivery fiber and an optic viewing fiber within the body, and an irregular surface at the distal end of the body to provide tactile feedback to the user. The optic delivery fiber is arranged to conduct laser radiation through the instrument to the operative site and the optic viewing fiber is arranged to transmit reflected light from the operative site through the instrument and onto a photodetector. The diameter of the body of the instrument is preferably from about 0.2 to about 10 mm. Desirably, the irregular surface at the distal end of the body comprises one of an abrasive or a rasp, and is made of stainless steel or nickel-titanium.
The instrument facilitates the diagnosis of dental problems by providing the user with both visual and tactile feedback. Additionally, the abrasive or rasp at the distal end of the instrument allows the instrument to be used to remove unwanted material, such as decayed tooth or plaque. Advantageously, the laser source connected to the instrument provides a beam sufficient to cut tissue, so that the laser can also be used as a cutting tool as well as a source of light. Desirably, the laser emits UV light of a wavelength which has a bacteriocidal effect.
The optic delivery fiber of the dental instrument is preferably connected at its proximal end to an Excimer laser. The Excimer laser delivers ultraviolet light in the range of 380-100 nm, and is preferably selected from the group consisting of a Xenon-Fluorine Excimer laser, an Argon-Chlorine Excimer laser, a Xenon-Chlorine Excimer laser, a Krypton-Iodine Excimer laser, and an Argon-Fluorine Excimer laser. Furthermore, although the optic delivery fiber can be comprised of a substance selected from the group consisting of quartz, glass, plastic, and fused silica, it is desirably comprised of quartz which provides excellent transmission of UV light.
The optical viewing fiber preferably reflects light onto a photodetector to facilitate viewing. The photodetector can be a dentist's eye or a charge coupled device.
Preferably, the irrigation channel conducts fluid through the body of the dental instrument from the proximal end to the distal end. The irrigation channel is in fluid communication with a source of fluid external to the proximal end of the body. In addition, the suction channel conducts liquids and solids through the body from the distal end to the proximal end, and is in fluid communication with a source of negative pressure external to the proximal end of the body.
In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of performing periodontic dental procedures using a dental instrument comprising a fiber optic delivery channel, a fiber optic viewing channel, an irrigation channel, a suction channel and an abrasive surface. The method involves inserting the dental instrument into a patient's mouth, visualizing a portion of a patient's mouth by causing ultraviolet light to be transmitted through the fiber optic delivery channel and into the patient's mouth where it is reflected into the fiber optic viewing channel and transmitted onto a photodetector, identifying a work area within the patient's mouth having carious tissue therein, removing the carious tissue by transmitting laser light through the fiber optic delivery channel to ablate the carious tissue, irrigating the work area by delivering liquid to the work area through the irrigation channel, and suctioning away liquid through the suction channel.
In accordance with still another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of bleaching a tooth using a dental instrument comprising a fiber optic delivery channel, a fiber optic viewing channel, and an irrigation channel. The method comprises inserting the dental instrument into a patient's mouth, visualizing a portion of a patient's mouth containing a darkened stained tooth by causing light to be transmitted through the fiber optic delivery channel and into the patient's mouth where it is reflected into the fiber optic viewing channel and onto a photodetector, forming a hole in the stained tooth using laser light transmitted through the fiber optic delivery channel, thereby providing access to pulp inside the stained tooth, delivering a bleaching solution through the irrigating channel and through the hole into the pulp, and photolyzing the bleaching solution by delivering laser light through said fiber optic delivery channel, and into the pulp.
Preferably, the method further comprises hollowing out the stained tooth using laser light delivered through the fiber optic delivery channel to vaporize dentin and pulp within the stained tooth prior to delivering the beaching solution. The hole formed in the tooth is preferably filled and sealed following the photolyzing step.
In accordance with yet another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a dental instrument for bleaching teeth, comprising a tubular body having a distal end and a proximal end, a fiber optic delivery channel extending through said body from the distal to the proximal end for conducting laser radiation through the instrument, and a fluid delivery channel extending through the body from the distal end to the proximal end for delivering fluid through the instrument.
In accordance with still another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of bleaching a tooth using a dental instrument comprising a fiber optic delivery channel in communication with an Excimer laser and a fluid delivery channel. The method comprises forming a hole in the tooth to provide access to a pulp chamber within the tooth, positioning the dental instrument inside the hole, delivering a bleaching solution through the fluid delivery channel and into the pulp chamber, and delivering ultraviolet light produced by the Excimer laser through the fiber optic delivery channel and into the pulp chamber to photolyze the bleaching solution.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view of the distal end of the dental instrument of the apparatus of FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional side view of a normal tooth.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional side view of a tooth having a hole through its surface and the pulp removed in accordance with the dental procedure of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional side view of the tooth of FIG. 4 after completion of the dental procedure of the present invention.
Referring FIGS. 1-2, there is shown a dental apparatus 8 of the present invention, including a dental instrument 10, particularly adapted to perform the bleaching method of the present invention. As discussed below, the dental instrument is connected to a number of support devices, which facilitate the operation of the instrument 10.
The housing or body 14 of the dental instrument 10 is a rigid tube or endoscope defining an external diameter d1 defining a smooth outer surface. The external diameter d1 is preferably from about 0.2 mm to about 10.0 mm. The instrument 10 has a tip or distal end 12, which is the operative end of the instrument (i.e., the end used to diagnose or perform dental procedures on the patient), and a proximal end 13, which is opposite the distal end and typically remains outside the mouth of the patient during operation.
Desirably, the tip 12 is provided with a cylindrical external rasp 20, or external abrasives for rasping teeth and bone. Preferably, the external diameter d1 of the rasp 20, which is identified as d2 in FIG. 2, is from approximately 0.1 mm to about 1.0 mm larger than the external diameter of body of the endoscope and the rasp 20 is made from stainless steel or nickel-titanium. However, other sizes and comparable materials may also be used.
An important aspect of the present invention is use by the instrument 10 of a fiber optic system to visually represent the operative dental site. As shown in FIG. 2, the fiber optic system comprises an internal fiber optic delivery channel 22 and an internal fiber optic viewing channel 24 defined by the endoscope, as well as a first optic light delivering fiber 23 and a second optic viewing fiber 25. Desirably, the fibers are made from quartz, due to the nature of light desirably transmitted thereby. The endoscope essentially sheathes the fibers, thereby acting as a cladding for the fibers to protect against surface contaminant scattering.
Preferably, the endoscope also defines an irrigation channel 16 and a suction channel 17. The purpose and significance of these channels will be described below.
The fiber optic light delivering fiber 23 is desirably connected to a source of radiant power, such as a laser light source 27. In particular, an important aspect of the present invention is the use of a source of UV light and, in particular, an Excimer laser as the source of radiant power. Specifically, the Excimer laser is a pulsed gas laser that delivers high peak powers in the ultraviolet spectral region. Specifically, the Excimer laser delivers ultraviolet light in the range of 380-100 nanometers. Examples of such types of Excimer lasers include a Xenon-Fluorine (XeF) Excimer laser (with a wavelength of 351 nm), an Argon-Chlorine (ArCl) Excimer laser (with a wavelength of 175 nm) , and a Xenon-Chlorine (XeCl) Excimer laser (with a wavelength of 308 nm). However, Excimer lasers such as Krypton-Iodine (KrI) and Argon-Fluorine (ArF), having wavelengths of 185 nm and 193 nm, respectively, may also be used. The power emitted by the Excimer laser enables it to cut soft tissue and ablate calcium almost totally devoid of any thermal effect. Thus, the Excimer laser can substitute for a dental drill, thereby eliminating the pain and vibration normally associated with dental procedures.
In addition to its tissue cutting and ablating capabilities, the dental instrument 10 can also be used to achieve a bacteriocidal effect. Due to the particular wavelengths of UV light emitted by an Excimer laser, in particular between 303 nm and 351 nm, the Excimer laser provides an efficient and thorough means by which decayed teeth and the surrounding areas may be sterilized. Although Argon ion, Carbon Dioxide and Neodymium-YAG (yttrium aluminum garnet) lasers have shown limited success in the area of sterilization, Excimer lasers have been found to be more effective in controlling micro-organisms due to the sterilization effects of UV radiation. Thus, the dental instrument 10 of the present invention has the capability of inducing a relatively sterile field in the area in which the dental procedure is to be performed. Accordingly, the risk of complications from infection commonly associated with use of conventional dental equipment is reduced.
The benefits associated with the maintenance of a relatively bacterial free preparation of the mouth prior to the restoration of cavities or endodontic work are numerous. For example, it is estimated that as many as twenty percent of all root canals are complicated by infection. The problem of infection following a root canal procedure requires the urgent, painful and costly reopening of the gum and bone overlying the affected root or the turning of a flap. By providing a relatively bacterial free environment, it is anticipated that the rate of infection from dental procedures can be substantially reduced, thereby reducing pain associated with the procedures and reducing costs.
When exposed to light, the tissue of the patient's mouth will both absorb and reflect the light. The fraction of the light that is absorbed by the tissues is converted into heat. The heat can be used to create a hole in the tissues or for therapeutic purposes. The remainder of the light is reflected and scattered by the tissues. Light scattering and reflection is based upon light wavelength. The light is reflected (usually at a different wavelength) into the fiber optic viewing fiber 24 and onto a photodetector 29.
The photodetector can comprise a dentist's eye, but preferably comprises a charge coupled device used in a TV camera for magnifying and recording the areas being viewed. Enhanced surface imaging can be accomplished via a computer data acquisition system, as is well known to those of ordinary skill in the art. The visual image can then be projected on a display for viewing by the dentist. For example, the device can be configured as a tandem scanning microscope for real-time direct viewing, or as a confocal scanning microscope for low-level fluorescence work.
The irrigation channel 16 is housed within the dental instrument 10 to aid the dentist throughout the dental procedure. During certain procedures, such as periodontic cleaning, it becomes necessary for the dentist or technician to irrigate the area undergoing treatment so as to clear away debris. Thus, the irrigation channel 16, which is attached to a source of liquid 15, allows the dentist to irrigate the treatment area with liquid when necessary.
An additional function of the irrigation channel 16 is to cool the fiber optic channel 22 housed within the dental instrument 10. Due to the light intensity and amount of energy transmitted through the fiber optic delivering channel 22, a significant amount of heat is generated. Thus, the fiber 22 and/or its surrounding area should preferably be cooled in order to prevent the fiber 22 from being damaged by the heat. For the dental instrument 10 of the present invention, the irrigation channel 16 is positioned along the axial length of the dental instrument 10 and adjacent to the fiber optic channel 22. Cool liquid, delivered through the irrigation channel 16, absorbs the heat emitted along the length of the fiber optic channel 22.
The irrigation channel 16 can also be used to cool the tissues being irradiated by the laser light. Delivery of a cooling fluid to the tissue lessens the heat generated by the laser radiation and helps reduce the damage caused to surrounding tissues.
Thus, the irrigation channel 16 serves to substantially cool the fiber optic channel 22 of the dental instrument 10, and the tissues being irradiated by the laser light, and also provides a source of liquid used to irrigate the patient's mouth to remove debris.
The suction channel 17 of the dental instrument 10 is desirably connected to a source of suction 19, such as a pump or other source of negative pressure. Certain dental procedures, such as plaque removal procedures and extractions, require that waste such as plaque, blood and excess saliva be removed from the patient's mouth. Thus, the suction channel 17 allows the dentist to remove the waste, thereby clearing the theater in which the dental instrument 10 is being used.
As discussed above, some dental procedures require that the area being worked on be irrigated by liquid delivered from some form of an irrigation means. In order to prevent the liquid from obstructing the area being worked on by the dentist and the excess liquid uncontrollably draining from the patient's mouth, a separate suction device is typically employed by the dentist. However, this typically requires that the dentist periodically interrupt his or her work to adjust the location of the suction device in the patient's mouth. By incorporating the suction means into a dental instrument, as with the dental instrument 10 of the present invention, the excess liquid and waste is removed without interrupting the dental procedure. Thus, the disclosed embodiment provides an efficient and convenient means whereby waste and excess liquid is removed from a dental patient's mouth.
The combination of the suction 17 and irrigation 16 channels, and the abrasives 20 conveniently located on the distal end of the dental instrument 10, provide the dentist with a multipurpose tool.
The dental instrument 10 of the present invention is particularly advantageous for use in the bleaching of discolored teeth. Both the surface of the teeth and their internal structures are subject to the possibility of staining. FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional side view of a normal tooth 26. The outer surface of the tooth 26 is covered with enamel 28, a hard, protective coating. Enamel 28 is the hardest tissue in the body, due to the high concentration of mineral salts, and it contains no nerve supply. The enamel 28 covers the exposed surface of the tooth 26 and does not continue beneath a gumline 30. The enamel 28 is nourished, to a slight degree, from the underlying bone-like tissue, dentin 32. Dentin 32, which is comprised of small channels called dentinal tubules 34 which are 2-3 microns in length, makes up the bulk of the tooth 26 and is highly sensitive due to its rich nerve supply. Pulp 36, located in the center of the tooth 26 and surrounded by the dentin 32, is comprised of nerves, fibrous tissue, lymph and blood vessels.
Extrinsic and intrinsic stains occur as a result of the variety of substances brought into contact with the teeth through the mouth or carried by the blood supply. Extrinsic stains, found on the surface of the teeth, are easily removed by polishing and may be prevented by regular brushing and good dental hygiene. Intrinsic stains, however, are found in the inside areas of the teeth, and are more difficult to remove. Intrinsic staining or darkening of the teeth is a common occurrence and may result from the death of the pulp 36 or the removal of the pulp 36 during root canal treatment. Various necrotic substances defuse from the pulp chamber, penetrating the dentin 32 and staining the tooth 26. These products enter into the dentinal tubules 34 and impart a total darkening into the crown or tooth 26 from enamel 28 reflection. Prior techniques for removing intrinsic stains have been difficult, and largely unsuccessful. However, by utilizing the specific features and capabilities of the instrument 10 of the present invention together with a chemical solution, intrinsic stains can be successfully removed.
As illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 5, the dental instrument 10 of the present invention is first used to cut a canal or hole 38 in the tooth 26. This is accomplished by utilizing the abrasives 20 located on the distal portion of the dental instrument 10. By rotating the dental instrument 10 about its longitudinal axis or by moving the dental instrument 10 along its longitudinal axis, the abrasives 20 scrape and wear away a portion of the enamel 28 from the tooth 26. Alternatively, laser light can be delivered via the fiber optic UV channel 22 and can be used to provide access to the pulp chamber 36.
Next, the Excimer laser is used to deliver radiation which ablates or vaporizes a portion of the dentin 32 and all of the pulp 36 up to the gumline 30, as shown in FIG. 4. This is accomplished by utilizing both the optical delivery fiber 23 and the optical viewing fiber 25. A predetermined wavelength of light is emitted from the delivery fiber 23 at the tip 12 of the dental instrument 10 and impinges onto the target area. Subsequently, some of the light is absorbed by the tissues and the remainder of the light is reflected or scattered by the tissues. The reflected light, however, is of a different wavelength from the emitted light. In addition, the wavelength of reflected light varies according to the tissue type. Thus, the wavelength of light reflected by the dentin 32 is different from the wavelength of light reflected by the pulp 36. The reflected light is transmitted through the optical viewing fiber 25 and onto a photodetector 29, or photodetector 29 and display 31 where it is analyzed. Thus, the dentist or technician is able to determine when all of the dentin 32 and pulp 36 have been removed, based upon the wavelength of reflected light.
Alternatively, the abrasives 20 located on the exterior surface of the tip 12 of the dental instrument 10 can also be used to file or remove the pulp 36 within the tooth 26.
After the hole 38 has been made in the tooth 26, the hole 38 is filled with a chemical bleaching solution, preferably comprising hydrogen peroxide and ethanol. The bleaching solution may be delivered into the hole 38 in the tooth 26 via the irrigation channel 16 located within the dental instrument 10 of the present invention. The irrigation channel 16, which conducts fluid through the body 14 of the dental instrument 10 from its proximal end to its distal end, is attached at its proximal end to an external source containing the chemical bleaching solution. A button, switch or foot pedal is depressed thereby causing the solution to be dispensed from the dental instrument 10 into the hole 38 in the tooth 26.
The Excimer laser 27 is then used to deliver ultraviolet light to the chemical solution within the tooth 26. By utilizing the viewing channel 24, the dentist or technician is able to accurately position the dental instrument 10 so that the beam of laser light is focused into the solution in the hole 38 in the patient's tooth 26.
The use of light or other radiant energy to induce chemical decomposition is known as photolysis. For the present invention, UV laser light is used to photolyze the hydrogen peroxide while the hydrogen peroxide is in the hole 38 in the patient's tooth 26. The UV photolysis of the hydrogen peroxide generates perhydroxyl (HO2) and superoxide (O2 -) radicals, which are very effective bacteriocidal, as well as bleaching, agents. In order to increase the quantum yield of free radical formation and, thereby, promote a more complete and efficient bleaching and bacteriocidal effect, a free radical scavenger is preferably added to the hydrogen peroxide solution. Scavengers such as formate and ethanol may be used, however for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, ethanol is combined with the hydrogen peroxide. In the presence of oxygen and scavengers such as formate or ethanol, the primary radicals are converted to superoxide radicals, resulting in an increase in the yield of free radical formation. In accordance with the present invention, the laser light photoactivates the hydrogen peroxide and ethanol solution, thereby generating perhydroxyl and superoxide radicals. The generation of free radicals promotes "bleaching" of the dentinal tubules 34, thereby resulting in a white tooth 26 which is relatively free from intrinsic stains. The reaction mechanism and experimental conditions under which these reactions occur have been extensively studied and are well known to those of skill in the art.
After the tooth 26 has been bleached, the hole 38 in the tooth 26 should be filled and sealed to prevent contamination and subsequent darkening of the tooth 26. Initially, the hole 38 is filled with cavite, a material used as a temporary filling. Amalgam, a metallic compound usually used to fill molars, or, alternatively, a white plastic or composite material, is later used for a permanent filling 40, as shown in FIG. 5. Thus, the dental instrument 10 of the present invention together with a bleaching solution, such as hydrogen peroxide and ethanol, provides a very potent and improved system for the bleaching of teeth.
Another aspect of the invention is a method of plaque removal. Conventional plaque removal requires that the dentist or dental technician's work be interrupted periodically so that the patient can rinse his or her mouth to clear away debris. In addition, various suction and irrigation tools are also commonly used by dentists or technicians to aid in cleaning and the removal of debris. Once this is accomplished, the area being worked on within the patient's mouth is clean, and the dentist or technician can continue removing the remaining plaque.
With the present invention, however, the dentist or technician's work does not need to be interrupted. The debris generated from the cleaning procedure can be removed while the dentist or technician continues with the procedure. As the abrasives 20 located on the distal end of the dental instrument 10 rasp the surface of the patient's teeth, the irrigation channel 16 can irrigate the area being worked on so as to clean and, concurrently, cool the area undergoing treatment. Subsequently, the suction channel 17 can clear away the debris obscuring the operative field. Thus, this entire function can be performed conveniently and efficiently without interrupting the dentist's or technician's work.
The benefits of the present invention are numerous. By simultaneously rasping the teeth, irrigating the work area and suctioning away the debris, the entire dental procedure can be performed in less time than that required for conventional dental procedures. This, in turn, provides a cost savings to the patient. In addition, since the area being worked on is more frequently cleaned due to the ability of the dental instrument 10 to simultaneously irrigate and suction the area when using the dental instrument 10, there is less likelihood of infection or adverse reactions occurring. Finally, the patient is no longer subjected to the unpleasant feeling of a gritty solution of abrasives, plaque and water normally encountered during the rinsing of his or her mouth.
Other dental procedures, such as cavity restoration and root canals, may also be performed using the dental instrument 10 of the present invention. Dental caries or tooth decay result from the gradual erosion of enamel 28 and dentin 32 caused by plaque. Treatment of dental caries requires the removal of the decayed area of the tooth 26 and the repair of the resultant hole or cavity with a dental restoration compound, such as amalgam or cement. The abrasives 20 located at the distal end of the dental instrument 10 may be used to rasp and, subsequently, remove the decayed portion of the enamel 28 and/or dentin 32 of the tooth 26. Alternatively, or in combination with the abrasives 20, the UV laser light emitted by the fiber optic delivery channel 22 may be focused onto the decayed area to ablate the dental caries.
Advanced tooth decay, resulting in the death of the pulp 36, may require the complete removal of the pulp 36. Conventional root canal procedures involve drilling a hole 38 in the tooth 26 to remove the infected material from the pulp chamber 36, filling the hole 38 with paste and cement and fitting a crown over the hole 38. By using the dental instrument 10 of the present invention, the patient is no longer subjected to the pain and discomfort associated with conventional root canal drilling procedures. The dentist or technician uses the abrasives 20 and/or laser light delivered by the fiber optic delivery channel 22 to remove the infected pulp 36. After the infected material has been removed, the resultant hole 38 is filled with paste and cement and fitted with a crown, or otherwise sealed.
Additionally, throughout the cavity restoration and root canal procedures, the target area may be irrigated by a liquid delivered by the irrigation channel 16 and waste removed utilizing the suction channel 17 of the dental instrument 10 of the present invention.
Obviously, numerous variations can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, it should be clearly understood that the forms of the present invention described above are illustrative only and not limiting.
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|May 6, 2003
|Gregory B. Altshuler
|Method for treating materials, especially biological tissues, using light induction and device for realizing the same
|Nov 27, 2001
|May 13, 2003
|Bioluse Technology
|Fluid conditioning system
|Nov 30, 2001
|Sep 23, 2003
|Kathleen Clemans
|Light-emitting toothbrush and method of whitening teeth
|Apr 14, 2000
|Mar 23, 2004
|Gregory B. Altshuler
|Apparatus and method for the processing of solid materials, including hard tissues
|Aug 28, 2002
|May 11, 2004
|John West
|Dental illumination device
|Apr 7, 2003
|May 23, 2006
|Laser Abrasive Technologies, Llc
|Methods and apparatus for light induced processing of biological tissues and of dental materials
|Apr 9, 2003
|Sep 11, 2007
|Gregory B. Altshuler
|Method and apparatus for processing hard material
|May 4, 1999
|Dec 11, 2007
|Flytec Ag
|Multifunction tool
|May 9, 2003
|Jan 22, 2008
|Biolase Technology, Inc.
|Fluid and laser system
|Aug 7, 2003
|Aug 12, 2008
|Genestho Inc.
|Method for treatment of infections with ultraviolet laser light
|Oct 4, 2004
|Aug 11, 2009
|Discus Dental, Llc
|Apparatus for simultaneous illumination of teeth
|Aug 14, 2008
|Jul 6, 2010
|The Procter & Gamble Company
|Electric toothbrush comprising an electrically powered element
|Jul 12, 2006
|Jul 6, 2010
|Sialo-Lite Ltd.
|Device, system and method for dental treatment
|May 17, 2004
|Dec 7, 2010
|The Procter & Gamble Company
|Toothbrush with severable electrical connections
|Sep 19, 2008
|Jul 17, 2012
|Biolase, Inc.
|Probes and biofluids for treating and removing deposits from tissue surfaces
|Jun 23, 2007
|Jan 8, 2013
|Laser Abrasive Technologies, Llc
|Method and apparatus for processing hard material
|Jan 26, 2010
|Feb 5, 2013
|Sialo-Lite Ltd.
|Dental implants, devices and methods associated with dental implantation procedures
|Jul 2, 2013
|Apr 18, 2017
|The Procter & Gamble Company
|Methods for whitening teeth
|Nov 27, 2002
|May 1, 2003
|Mcmanus Dennis Q.
|Microscopy method and apparatus
|Apr 9, 2003
|Feb 12, 2004
|Altshuler Gregory B.
|Method and apparatus for processing hard material
|Mar 22, 2004
|Oct 28, 2004
|Altshuler Gregory B
|Apparatus and method for the processing of solid materials, including hard tissues
|Oct 4, 2004
|Mar 3, 2005
|Cipolla Anthony J.
|Apparatus for simultaneous illumination of teeth
|Oct 1, 2004
|May 26, 2005
|Mcpherson Roger
|Dental apparatus with ozone irrigation system
|Feb 27, 2007
|Aug 16, 2007
|Rizoiu Ioana M
|Fluid conditioning system
|Jun 23, 2007
|Jan 3, 2008
|Altshuler Gregory B
|Method and apparatus for processing hard material
|Jun 23, 2007
|Jan 24, 2008
|Altshuler Gregory B
|Method and apparatus for processing hard material
|Aug 20, 2007
|Mar 27, 2008
|The Procter & Gamble Company
|Illuminated electric toothbrushes and methods of use
|Jul 12, 2006
|May 8, 2008
|Oded Nahlieli
|Device, System And Method For Dental Treatment
|Jan 22, 2008
|Jun 12, 2008
|Rizoiu Ioana M
|Fluid and laser system
|Sep 19, 2008
|Mar 19, 2009
|Rizoiu Ioana M
|Probes and biofluids for treating and removing deposits from tissue surfaces
|Aug 18, 2009
|Feb 25, 2010
|Sialo-Lite Ltd.
|Device, system and method for procedures associated with the intra-oral cavity
|Nov 2, 2009
|Feb 25, 2010
|Pond Gary J
|Apparatus and methods for treating tooth root canals
|Jan 25, 2010
|May 20, 2010
|Rizoiu Ioana M
|Drill and flavored fluid particles combination
|Jun 5, 2008
|Jul 22, 2010
|No Screw Ltd.
|Attachment mechanism
|Jan 26, 2010
|Aug 5, 2010
|Sialo-Lite Ltd.
|Dental implants, devices and methods associated with dental implantation procedures
|May 24, 2010
|Sep 16, 2010
|Biolase Technology, Inc.
|Efficient laser and fluid conditioning and cutting system
|Jun 4, 2010
|Sep 30, 2010
|Sialo-Lite Ltd.
|Device, system and method for dental treatment
|Feb 6, 2013
|Jan 1, 2015
|Carl Zeiss Meditec Ag
|Method and device for examining a biological tissue by analysing fluorescence response to illumination and for treating the tissue
|Sep 5, 2002
|Mar 13, 2003
|Massini Renaldo Jr
|Dental bleacher
|Aug 7, 2003
|Feb 19, 2004
|Dobkine Vadim G
|A method and a laser device for treatment of infections
|Mar 13, 2003
|Feb 19, 2004
|Genestho Inc.
|A method and a laser device for treatment of endo-cavital infections
|Sep 23, 2003
|Apr 8, 2004
|Twilight Teeth, Inc.
|Mouthpiece devices and methods to allow uv whitening of teeth
|Jan 24, 2014
|Sep 25, 2014
|Dentsply International Inc.
|Ultrasonic tip assembly
|U.S. Classification
|433/29, 433/215, 433/80, 433/89, 433/216
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Mar 3, 1998
Owner name: LOMA LINDA UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER, CALIFORNIA
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:ZHU, YONG HUA;REEL/FRAME:009022/0030
Effective date: 19980216
|Sep 3, 1998
Owner name: LOMA LINDA UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER, CALIFORNIA
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:KIRSCH, WOLFF M.;REEL/FRAME:009443/0236
Effective date: 19980824
|Feb 27, 2002
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|Mar 22, 2006
|Maintenance fee reminder mailed
|Sep 1, 2006
|Lapse for failure to pay maintenance fees
|Oct 31, 2006
|Expired due to failure to pay maintenance fee
Effective date: 20060901


text: SUNNYVALE, Calif., May 6, 2013 /PRNewswire/ -- Ruckus Wireless, Inc. (NYSE: RKUS) today announced that it is teaming with Sprint's (NYSE: S) Custom Network Solutions (CNS) group to deliver enterprise, public sector and federal customers nationwide its Smart Wi-Fi products and services as part of Sprint CNS's in-building wireless data solutions portfolio. (Logo: http://photos.prnewswire.com/prnh/20121120/MM17393LOGO) Sprint CNS is expanding its suite of in-building mobile solutions with the full complement of Ruckus indoor and outdoor Smart Wi-Fi products. Sprint's Custom Network Solutions integrate all the hardware, software, network transport and professional integration services needed to improve in-building coverage and capacity for small, medium and large business customers. Working together to initially tailor Custom Network Solutions to five key vertical markets – hospitality, education, healthcare, retail and warehousing – Sprint CNS and Ruckus have already begun providing managed Wi-Fi services to organizations such as the Tri-Rivers Career Center ( Marion, Ohio) and the Dolton School District ( Dolton, Ill.). Mike Wellin, Technology Director-Tri-Rivers Career Center, has been heavily involved in the installation and launch of the technology that began three months ago. "We plan to expand the Ruckus footprint in our facility," said Wellin. "The performance of the equipment is fantastic, and Sprint is a great ally. Its skills were key to the project's success – that's what separated Sprint from its competitors. The Sprint installation team is professional and efficient and this collaboration is exactly what Tri-Rivers will need as we continue to expand." With Ruckus Smart Wi-Fi, Sprint CNS customers can expect greater user productivity in-building through more reliable wireless connectivity, stronger signals and extended Wi-Fi coverage. The combined solution is ideal for challenging environments that experience erratic interference, high client densities and constant user mobility.

subset: commoncrawl


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text:
"Few are those who wish to be endowed with virtue rather than to seem so." In Yiddish, it can be boiled down to a single word: Mensch --- a kind, decent and reliable person, sensitive to other people's needs and seeking out ways to help them. In Judaism, to call someone a mensch is one of the highest compliments that can be given.
So who am I? In me, you will find a man of character whose principles don't change with the prevailing whims of popularity. Whose visage reflects all that's been taken in over the years; filled with gratitude to those who have had a role in that process, including the hurts and healing. All have brought me to this place and time and I give thanks, because those people and events aided me growing to know, like and most important, love the person I am and have yet to become and to be.
So who am I? I am a good man with a good heart whose heritage is Judaic. What I do is based upon what the right thing is regardless personal consequences. The following states it better: "What I do is done not in hope of being rewarded or fear of being punished. Again, I do these things because I know them to be right. I set my own standards and I, alone, enforce them." (source: Hammer the Gods)
Three Talmudic instructions guide me:
* Tikkun Olam: Repair and heal the world
* Tzedek, tzedek tirdorf: Righteousness, righteousness shall ye seek
* Tza'ar Ba'alei Chaim: Acknowledge and prevent the suffering of living creatures, people and animals, for deliberately causing others pain darkens our souls.
So who am I? I will tell you the truth when it needs being said and I will do so gently and with love, care and concern. I am loyal. While we may disagree, yet I will not abandon you. I will stay by your side. I will be there for you, just as I have been there for others, sometimes at great cost, which mattered not, for they've been there for me. My back will be your shield when you need protection. When you need bracing. I will be your pillar and I will hold you up.
So who am I? One who seeks that one true love. I know what it is to be betrayed in marriage, which is why being faithful is paramount. I know too what it is to be abandoned because I did not fit someone's definition of who they wanted me to be, rather than accepted for who I was, and am. Yet despite it all, still I believe in love.
So who am I? Someone who cares passionately for the well-being of others. One of my greatest joys is participating in a program called Care to Dance; a confederation of ballroom dancers who visit assisted living facilities whose residents are faced with memory and mental issues, as well as those with limited mobility. There are few things more beautiful than when a spark of recognition and joy comes to the faces of those who connect with the music and memories, even only fleeting. To know I have fulfilled a role, miniscule as it is, I am humbled.
So who am I? I'm the person who, as a journalist, puts on a stoic front but who is crumbling inside as I witness tragedies and injustices. Yet still I persevere to make things better for others, doing so with a joy, an exuberance for life. I laugh often, as well as make others around me laugh and be happy. In short, I take what I do seriously, but I take myself with a grain of salt, a huge grain of salt. (Incidentally, when it comes to happiness, joy and laughter, I love engaging in wordplay, especially puns, and my sense of humor ranges from the droll to the sardonic to slapstick.)
So who am I? A man rife with colorful yet positive contradictions. My nuances make the simple complex and vice versa. Content and confident in my skin, I know who I am, and what I want and what I need.
Now, am I someone you might want to meet?
2) The arts, for good art, be in fine or performing, lifts. As it is attributed to Picasso: "Art washes from the soul the dust of everyday life."
3) Being chivalrous and courteous. My parents raised me to be respectful toward women. (It also means my eyes don't roam.)
4) A smile.
5) Laughter.
6) Love.
Also, but I don't spend much time thinking about the following, which is, if a lady no longer is interested why she simply doesn't communicate that? I'm not a stalker, nor do I pout and turn mean. All I ask is what I give in return: respect. If after an initial interest you don't feel "something," please tell me, gently, and I will honor and respect that and not contact you any further. I won't lead you on, so please don't do that to me, yes?
* Know, love, respect and take care of yourself
* Emotionally healthy with a balanced sense of self, strong and assertive, who extends that gift to others through generosity of spirit and a giving, loving heart
* Will neither relinquish your dreams nor demand I give up mine. Rather, encourage and support our individual hopes, goals and aspirations, as well as our pursuits in achieving them
* Intuitively recognizes true chemistry is often imperceptible at first and not a snap judgment based upon initial infatuation; rather, a faint spark that needs patience and encouragement in order for the heart to grow all-encompassing
* Understands a relationship is not to make one "whole" or "fulfilled," but to add color and light, depth and dimension to one another.
* Accepts none of us are or can be 100% what the other wants/needs
* Celebrates that our differences neither compete, diminish nor detract, but instead compliment and complement
* Will safeguard a valued treasure: the unfurling of our hearts, for there is no force more destructive than deliberately betraying that which is most precious: the confiding of our hurts, our fears, our hopes, our dreams
How about you? Do you seek what I seek? Are you ready to, would you wish to, join me on this most exhilarating adventure?


text:
from £851 / night help Price for guests, Nights approx:
Villa Vinci – Home 295767 Villa
- 6 bedrooms
- 12 sleeps
- 2 nights min stay
Villa Vinci – Home 295767
- Villa
- 6 bedrooms
- sleeps 12
- 2 nights min stay
Top Review
Villa / 6 bedrooms / 5 bathrooms / sleeps 12
Key Info
- Swimming pool
- Child friendly
- Car advised
- Ask about pets
Description from manager
Villa Vinci is an elegant 18th century mansion near Siena in the Chianti wine region, perfect for visiting Tuscany and relaxing by the pool during your holidays in Italy.
It is fabulously positioned on a hill above the old town of Staggia Senese with breathtaking views.
Villa Vinci has been recently renovated and retorted, enhancing the charm of the Tuscan villa without altering the original structure. Villa Vinci is an ideal place to enjoy a pleasant and exclusive stay under the Tuscan sun, with easy access to the most important historical and cultural cities of the area.
The villa was originally used by noble families as a country retreat during the hottest months of summer. The villa has belonged to the current family for several generations and is now managed by the young owner and his girlfriend, who take care of their guests with attention and respect in a friendly and genuine family atmosphere.
Villa Vinci the perfect location from which to enjoy all
Villa Vinci is an elegant 18th century mansion near Siena in the Chianti wine region, perfect for visiting Tuscany and relaxing by the pool during your holidays in Italy.
It is fabulously positioned on a hill above the old town of Staggia Senese with breathtaking views.
Villa Vinci has been recently renovated and retorted, enhancing the charm of the Tuscan villa without altering the original structure. Villa Vinci is an ideal place to enjoy a pleasant and exclusive stay under the Tuscan sun, with easy access to the most important historical and cultural cities of the area.
The villa was originally used by noble families as a country retreat during the hottest months of summer. The villa has belonged to the current family for several generations and is now managed by the young owner and his girlfriend, who take care of their guests with attention and respect in a friendly and genuine family atmosphere.
Villa Vinci the perfect location from which to enjoy all of Tuscany, from following wine roads, touring cultural and artistic sites to enjoying good Tuscan cuisine in the many traditional villages of the area.
All in all Villa Vinci makes the perfect vacation in Tuscany!
Further details indoors
Ground Floor
The ground floor boasts great staterooms typical of the 18th century villas inspired by the Palladian style.
On the right side of the large entrance is a wide, bright living room which is the largest and oldest section of the house (120 sq.m.). Characterized by its great vaults, the living room is enhanced by a unique fireplace in green marble and is furnished with luxurious and antique furniture. From here, a glass door leads outside to the sunny terrace where several lemon plants are housed.
On the left side of the entrance, you'll find an elegant well-lit dining room with three windows overlooking the Villa's gardens. From the dining room you can access the kitchen, which has been completely renovated and is composed of a wide marble counter-top. The kitchen has an independent service entrance behind the villa. It comes fully equipped with filtered water, five ring stovetop, electric oven, cooking utensils, microwave, dishwasher, washing machine and a refrigerator with freezer.
First Floor
The staircase opens onto a grand living room with access to a balcony, from which you can enjoy an exclusive view of Monteriggioni. This living room leads to the first of three double bedrooms with en-suite bathroom. A large and bright hallway leads to the other three bedrooms, two twin bedrooms with shared bathroom and one double bedroom with en-suite bathroom.
Each bedroom has been furnished with attention to details, retaining the charm and refined atmosphere of Villa Vinci.
* The second floor, with separate access is an apartment used by the caretaker who is extremely discrete, and is always available for assistance. We want to underline that, where not otherwise indicated, all internal and external spaces are at the exclusive guests disposal.
- TV (DTT and satellite)
- Wi-fi internet connection
- Air conditioning in the sleeping area
- Private parking
- Private swimming pool (10 m x 5 m x 1.40 to 1.60 m)
- Deckchairs
Further details outdoors
Outdoor Grounds
The villa is surrounded by a fully fenced park of 1000 sqm. In the large area facing the front of the villa is a beautiful gazebo suitable for outdoor dining. To the sides of the villa, guests can enjoy relaxing in the elegant terrace, where the lemon trees are housed and amid the romantic grove of cedars and holm-oaks.
In a secluded area to the back of the villa, nestled among cypress and olive trees, is the private swimming pool surrounded by a large green lawn.
Location description from manager
The Tuscany region
In the nearby area there are many outdoor activities, from horse riding, mountain biking to hiking.
Wine lovers cannot miss the opportunity to follow wine tours in the Chianti Classico area and in the rich areas of Montepulciano and Montalcino, where the high quality Brunello and Nobile wines are produced.
For those who want to play golf, we recommend the Abbadia Golf Club of Colle Val d'Elsa, just 8 Km from the villa, which offers a 6-hole path from where you can enjoy a splendid view of Colle Val d'Elsa and San Gimignano.
Tennis fans can find, just 2 Km walkable distance from the villa, the Tennis Club in the town of Staggia Senese, which offers the chance to play in an open or covered field.
For anyone wishing to enjoy a relaxing thermal bath, we suggest the Terme di Petriolo, which can be accessed either free of charge or through equipped SPA centres.
Just 30 minutes away from the villa near Castelnuovo Berardenga, there is a go-kart circuit available for the youngest or for anyone who wants to try this fun experience.
Finally, we suggest a visit to the suggestive and enchanting Abbazia di San Galgano surrounded by natural reserves, it is one of the best examples of Cistercian Gothic style in Italy, famous for the absence of its roof and for the presence of "the sword in the stone" around which many legends were born.
Local Amenities
- Closest town: Staggia Senese: 2 Km
- Restaurant: Staggia Senese: 2 Km
- Grocery store: Staggia Senese: 2 Km
- Bakery: Antico forno di Staggia: 2 Km
- Supermarket Poggibonsi: 7 Km
- Golf course: Abbadia Golf Club: 9 km
- Tennis court: Tennis Club Staggia: 2 km
- Horse riding centre: Club Ippico Agrifoglio: 1 km
- Hospital Poggibonsi: 7 km.
- Florence airport (Peretola): 65 km
- Pisa airport (Galileo Galilei): 90 km
- Rome airport (Fiumicino): 280 km
- Milan airport (Malpensa): 400 km
- Abbazia di Vallombrosa: 73 Km
- Arezzo: 82 Km
- Cecina Mare (nearest beach): 77 Km
- Certaldo: 23 Km
- Colle Val d'Elsa: 9 Km
- Florence: 55 Km
- Lucca: 92 Km
- Montalcino: 60 Km
- Montepulciano: 85 Km
- Monteriggioni: 6 Km
- Pisa: 95 Km
- San Galgano: 42 Km
- San Gimignano: 20 Km
- Sant'Antimo: 70 Km
- Siena: 19 Km
- Terme di Petriolo: 48 Km
- Vinci: 55 Km
- Volterra: 37 Km.
Villa Vinci is set in the perfect location to explore Chianti and Tuscany. Chianti is a vast hilly area located in the centre of Tuscany. The land was originally farmed thousands of years ago by both the Etruscans and Romans, They worked the land to produce olive oil and wine, giving rise to the variety of countryside that we see today.
The Chianti area includes the medieval towns of Castellina, Radda, Greve, Castelnuovo Berardenga and Gaiole. Villa Vinci's central provides the exclusive opportunity to visit and come into close contact with this rich and varied area of Tuscany.
From the terrace of the villa you can admire the beautiful medieval castle walls that surround the village of Monteriggioni. The town still preserves most of its 13th century-era buildings and unique examples of a medieval Tuscan town.
On the edge of an extensive plain and at the foot Monte Maggio near Villa Vinci, guests can also visit the abbey of Abbadia a Isola, a rare example of a Romanesque church in the Siena area, composed of three naves and three apses, surrounded by a small village and the ruins of medieval fortifications. Inside the church you can see important frescoes that have been carefully preserved.
Explore the land between the two most important cities of Tuscany, Siena and Florence. You should definitely not miss a tour of San Gimignano. From every direction, the first thing that will strike you as you approach San Gimignano are the thirteen medieval towers that overlook the valley and mark the skyline of the town. Walking through the streets of the village, you can still breathe-in the atmosphere of the small workshops of artists, craftsmen, potters and goldsmiths.
Also in the area, we highly recommend a visit to the old town of Certaldo, whose origins date back to 6th century AD. The town is mostly famous for being the birthplace of the poet Giovanni Boccaccio and, it delicious lesser known special onions.
For those who want to explore off the main roads, we suggest a drive along the Via Volterrana, with unusual landscape, hills with continuous ups, downs and curve after curve. It is very different from what is commonly thought of Tuscany. A must along this route is, of course, the town of Volterra. It dates back to the 3rd century BC, and to enter it you have to pass under the famous gate "Porta dell'Arco", this is a unique example of Etruscan construction still in perfect condition.
More Less
- Great for children of all ages
- Some pets are welcome - please contact the owner
Bed & bathroom
- 4 Double Beds, 4 Single Beds
- 1 Family bathroom, 4 En suites
- Wi-Fi available
- Private outdoor pool (unheated)
- Internet access
- Satellite TV
More Less
- Parking
- Not suitable for wheelchair users
- Payment
- This owner does not use online booking. Please contact them and they will be able to offer you a secure way to pay for your stay. Never pay for your holiday rental by wire transfer (such as Western Union or Moneygram) as this type of payment is untraceable.
- Smoking
- No smoking at this property
- Cancellation policy
View Policy
About the manager
Oliver's Travels Ltd
- Calendar updated::
- 24 May 2017
- Years listed:
- 4
- Based in:
- United Kingdom
Languages spoken: English, French, Italian
This Villa has 6 bedrooms, 5 bathrooms and sleeps 12. It's been listed on Holiday Lettings since 09 Jan 2013. Located in Province of Siena, the average weekly rate varies from £3968 to £5290.
The property's calendar was last updated on 24 May 2017.
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text:
The North Face Animagi Insulated Jacket Women's
Built for aerobic activities in cold weather, The North Face Women's Animagi Insulated Jacket keeps you well ventilated and warm while you cross country ski, snowshoe, or go on a winter run. With a windproof core, this lightweight jacket will keep the chill out, and with breathable stretch sleeves, it will let the excess heat out. Front quilted panels add some extra insulation to keep your core warm so you can stop for a break instead of feeling like you have to keep going just to keep warm. The North Face threw in some added bonus features to keep your digits toasty on the run. Inner mitts and thumb loops will keep your hands warm. So don't let the temperature put you on the treadmill get after it no matter what.
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text:
Sundance opens with eye on broken American dreams
By Christine Kearney
PARK CITY, Utah (Reuters) - The Sundance Film Festival opened on Thursday night with four features, including a documentary highlighting America's housing crisis, the fractured American dream and values humbled by today's lackluster economy.
The documentary, "The Queen of Versailles," follows self-made former billionaire and timeshare mogul David Siegel and his wife Jackie, who at first glance may not seem in touch with many Americans who have struggled in the current, downbeat economy.
The film, which debuted Thursday night to a packed house and solid applause, opens with the couple constructing their dream house: A sprawling 90,000 square foot mansion named "Versailles" inspired by the French palace.
But the story eventually comes to resemble many of the lessons learned by those who have lost their homes, jobs and experienced the effects of the economic crisis.
"The American dream has always been this idea of home ownership," director Laura Greenfield told Reuters, but the film shows the Siegels dealing with the slumping economy, like many in the United States, and "how they downsize and cope with the situation," eventually rediscovering what is important to them.
"They do take on this everyman quality that ends up putting them nearer to us in terms of the overreaching of America and downsizing and getting back to core values," said Greenfield.
"Versailles" is one of several high-profile films here that show Americans tackling problems associated with the weak economy, greed and dreams reevaluated.
"It's no secret that times are dark and grim," Robert Redford, whose Sundance Institute for independent filmmaking backs the festival, the largest gathering for U.S. independent filmmakers, told reporters on Thursday. Continued...


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Her latest song Zero Gravity has close to 2 million views on YouTube and her style is definitely out of this world awesome.
Props to her - can't wait to hear more from her.
NOTICE: WeHo Confidential does not assume any responsibility for comments posted on articles. Furthermore, comments published under Aliases or as "Anonymous" currently remain private and confidential.


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Related Publications
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Passover, a Lesson In Inclusiveness
By Kerry M. Olitzky, Adam Bronfman
Big Tent Judaism / Jewish Outreach Institute (JOI), The Jewish Week, April 13, 2009
Topic: Jewish Text, Holidays, Outreach
Name of Publication: The Jewish Week
Genre: Newspaper
Coverage: United States
Language: English
Copyright Holder: Author
Copyright Information: Download for personal use; Distribute link freely
Bibliographic Information:
Olitzky, Kerry M. Bronfman, Adam. Passover, a Lesson In Inclusiveness. The Jewish Week. Big Tent Judaism / Jewish Outreach Institute (JOI),The Jewish Week. 13 April 2009: http://www.bjpa.org/Publications/details.cfm?PublicationID=4677
» View Publication
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Shane Duffy and Eunan O'Kane to fly to US despite crash
- International
- May 29, 2017, 06:05
Kevin Long enjoying Ireland set up despite missing brother's wedding
Keane doubts soccer can heal Manchester's pain
- Soccer
- May 26, 2017, 06:30
Ireland's assistant manager confirms James McClean keen to play Mexico
Roy Keane open minded on missing matches for marriages
- Soccer
- May 26, 2017, 05:58
Kevin Long missing wedding of his brother to be with Ireland squad
Shamrock Rovers manager expects tough game in Cork
- National League
- May 25, 2017, 20:07
Cork City boss John Caulfield talks of 'massive challenge' for his players
'A good strong boy' - Roy Keane confident Kevin Long will take chance
- Soccer
- May 25, 2017, 13:17
West Brom's James McClean will join the squad ahead of trip to US to play Mexico
Declan Rice: Ireland call-up caps 'dream come through' week
- International
- May 24, 2017, 18:05
Teenage West Ham defender made Premier League debut against Burnley
Many fresh faces among Martin O'Neill's 19-man training squad
- Soccer
- May 23, 2017, 19:53
Young West Ham defender Declan Rice received his first senior call-up on Tuesday
Decline of Irish players at top level clubs shows no sign of stopping
- English Soccer
- May 23, 2017, 13:00
Barely 20 players available to national team featured in English top flight this season
Preston's Alan Browne a late call up to Ireland squad
- International
- May 23, 2017, 06:00
Cork-born midfielder joins panel for games against Mexico, Uruguay and Austria
Gary Pallister says Stockholm could herald new United era
- International
- May 23, 2017, 06:00
Former defender recalls 1991 Cup Winners' Cup as a major step for his side
Shamrock Rovers ease past Galway at Tallaght Stadium
- National League
- May 22, 2017, 22:22
Gary Shaw and Brandon Miele score either side of half-time to give Rovers home win
Manchester United to play friendly match in Dublin
- English Soccer
- May 22, 2017, 12:39
The meeting of Jose Mourinho's men with the Serie A side will take place on August 2nd
Koeman says James McCarthy won't play against Austria
- International
- May 21, 2017, 20:34
Everton manager says midfielder will stay at club to recover while FAI haven't confirmed
Friendly may clash with Dundalk's Champions League qualifier
- National League
- May 19, 2017, 06:00
Match between high-profile sides to be announced by FAI on Monday
McDonald targets top-three finish as he takes reins at Limerick
- National League
- May 19, 2017, 06:00
League leaders Cork City seek to extend unbeaten run to 14 as they host Drogheda
Neil McDonald to be named new Limerick boss
- National League
- May 17, 2017, 19:14
51-year-old set to be in the dugout for Friday night's clash with champions Dundalk
For Kevin Long, Ireland will come before his brother's wedding
- International
- May 16, 2017, 17:47
The Burnley defender will have to miss his brother's big day after call-up to the squad
Injuries in football: No smoke without fire?
- International
- May 16, 2017, 14:17
Everton have most absentees in the Premier League - including James McCarthy
Martin O'Neill holds fire in latest McCarthy fitness debacle
- International
- May 16, 2017, 06:00
Ireland midfielder's fitness uncertain ahead of the World Cup qualifier with Austria
Martin O'Neill praises Conte's ability to 'reinvigorate' Chelsea
- International
- May 16, 2017, 05:00
'He's younger. He's a passionate guy. He does remind me of a younger me'
Kevin Long named in 38-man Republic of Ireland squad
- Soccer
- May 15, 2017, 11:53
Ireland name squad to play Mexico (June 1st), Uruguay (June 4th) and Austria (June 11th)
Roddy Collins returns to Athlone as Cork City aim for record
- National League
- May 11, 2017, 19:16
Manager's second stint to begin next week while Airtricity League leaders near Bohemians' mark
Cork City's Conor McCormack wins player of the month award
- National League
- May 10, 2017, 18:07
Midfielder has excelled in a holding midfield role with league leaders
Dundalk reveal profit of €3 million-plus after European run
- Soccer
- May 10, 2017, 01:11
Airtricity League champions' outgoings rose from €904,468 to €2,091,081
Athlone allegations being linked to similar chaos at Romanian club
- Soccer
- May 10, 2017, 01:00
FC Academica Clinceni, owned by Chinese agent, became embroiled in scandal
Changed days for fortunate few when it comes to being shown the door
- Soccer
- May 9, 2017, 12:33
Life in the lower leagues can still be tough for those trying to be professional footballers
Athlone Town investors linked to six other clubs
- National League
- May 8, 2017, 22:11
Fans say betting investigation by FAI on behalf of Uefa is the final straw
Martin O'Neill welcomes Shane Duffy's return to fitness
- International
- May 6, 2017, 05:00
Republic of Ireland boss wants Brighton defender back in the frame for Austria clash
Tempers flare as Dundalk slip to another defeat
- National League
- May 5, 2017, 22:22
Last season's champions now sit 15 points behind leaders Cork City after just 12 games
Sean Maguire on radar but must wait for Ireland call-up
- Soccer
- May 5, 2017, 13:22
Martin O'Neill: 'I'm not so sure in the lead up to these games that it's the ideal time'
Uefa availing of helping hand in the war against match-fixing
- National League
- May 5, 2017, 01:00
Sportradar aiding football authorities since the German refereeing scandal of 2005
Athlone game attracted bets in the region of €400,000
- National League
- May 4, 2017, 22:00
Uefa satisfied there is 'clear and overwhelming' evidence of betting irregularities
Athlone Town under investigation over 'irregular betting patterns'
- National League
- May 3, 2017, 20:33
Uefa contacted the FAI in relation to bets placed on recent game with Longford Town
Roy Keane: Clubs celebrating top-four finish 'cringey'
- Soccer
- May 3, 2017, 06:00
Ireland assistant coach believes Chelsea and Cork City set to win respective leagues
Stephen Bradley's Shamrock Rovers revolution yet to get going
- National League
- May 2, 2017, 12:00
Manager made bold claims ahead of new season but progress has been slow so far
Shamrock Rovers stall again with stalemate in Tallaght
- National League
- April 28, 2017, 22:26
Stephen Bradley's side sit sixth in the league as they continue to struggle to find form
Harry Kenny and Bray head to Cork with 'some confidence'
- National League
- April 28, 2017, 06:30
Wanderers have won four straight to join Dundalk in second spot
Séamus Coleman in 'upbeat' mood on return to Everton
- International
- April 26, 2017, 15:36
Ireland captain to continue his rehab from double leg fracture at club following month at home
Ireland will meet Northern Ireland in World Cup qualifying
- International
- April 25, 2017, 13:25
Colin Bell's side will also face the Netherlands, Norway and Slovakia ahead of 2019
Celtic Bhoys need Rangers back in town now more than ever
- Soccer
- April 25, 2017, 12:30
Lack of competition in Scotland harming it both domestically and on the European stage
Ten of the best for Cork as winning run keeps rolling
- National League
- April 21, 2017, 22:11
League leaders eased past Pat's at Richmond Park to maintain 100% record
Cork City aiming to extend winning run to 10 games
- National League
- April 21, 2017, 01:00
Airtricity League leaders bring their unbeaten run to struggling St Patrick's Ath
John Caulfield pays tribute as Colin Healy retires
- Soccer
- April 18, 2017, 14:43
Former Ireland international midfielder finished career at home town club Cork City
Controversial sponsorship deals continuing to increase in football
- Soccer
- April 18, 2017, 12:30
Betting organisations and money-lending companies are becoming more common
Scale of FAI's commitment to women's game impossible to gauge
- International
- April 11, 2017, 13:25
Ireland men's team should have shown solidarity with their female counterparts
Irish women put off-field matters behind them
- International
- April 10, 2017, 18:07
Just over 1,000 fans turn out for Slovakia friendly after dramatic week
Colin Bell wants women's side to remain in public eye
- International
- April 7, 2017, 15:45
Ireland manager hoping his side can make a big impact in the World Cup qualifiers
FAI and women's national team come to agreement
- Soccer
- April 6, 2017, 20:02
PFAI confident dispute resolved and issues will be addressed in the future
Uefa made €847 million profit on Euro 2016
- International
- April 6, 2017, 11:58
Euros generated a revenue of more than €1.92 billion - a €500m increase from 2012
John Delaney will do rather nicely out of new Uefa position
- International
- April 5, 2017, 19:54
Notion that women's team issue would harm FAI boss always seemed fanciful
Sligo Rovers part company with manager Dave Robertson
- National League
- April 5, 2017, 17:11
Declan McIntyre takes temporary charge with club languishing second from bottom
Women's football team to attend mediation later today
- International
- April 5, 2017, 14:06
Team boycott training but will attend FAI meeting along with their representatives at 6pm
John Delaney elected to Uefa Executive Committee
- International
- April 5, 2017, 12:31
FAI chief executive can expect to earn well in excess of €100,000 in his new role
John Delaney's latest PR disaster unlikely to sully him in eyes of Uefa
- Soccer
- April 5, 2017, 06:01
FAI have paid lip service and little else to the women's game in Ireland
FAI unwilling to allow PFAI represent women's team
- Soccer
- April 5, 2017, 01:00
Republic of Ireland squad's grievances a grave embarrassment for the association
John Delaney courts Uefa role as women's team seeks tracksuits
- Soccer
- April 5, 2017, 01:00
FAI chief would add €100,000 to €360,000 salary if elected to executive committee
Ireland women's team change in toilets and share tracksuits
- Soccer
- April 4, 2017, 13:23
Players from the senior international team have voiced their grievances at the FAI
Moyes, Mourinho and the potentially disastrous post-match interview
- Soccer
- April 4, 2017, 12:30
Emmet Malone: Like anyone who has done a lot of them, I've dropped my share of clangers
Women footballers team up to highlight lack of support
- International
- April 3, 2017, 21:47
Press conference in Dublin to criticise running of Republic of Ireland women's squad
Martin Russell becomes first manager to be sacked of the new season
- National League
- April 3, 2017, 15:56
Limerick say decision was mutual after a struggling start to Airtricty League season
Ireland-Everton feud does nothing for James McCarthy
- International
- March 31, 2017, 01:01
Koeman not expected to bite his lip when he meets press ahead of Merseyside derby
Steven Beattie back for Cork as Limerick look to end their run
- National League
- March 31, 2017, 01:00
Munster sides do battle with Division One high flyers looking to maintain 100% record
Koeman's claims about James McCarthy 'utterly untrue'
- International
- March 30, 2017, 11:03
Everton manager said that Martin O'Neill ignored the advice of FAI medical staff
Martin O'Neill slams costly suspension for two yellow cards
- International
- March 30, 2017, 01:07
Ireland go into the next game against Austria with eight players a booking away from a ban
Not much to clap about as Iceland end Ireland's unbeaten Aviva run
- International
- March 28, 2017, 22:14
Martin O'Neill bloods four new internationals in friendly defeat at the Aviva
Few will mourn the passing of the international friendly
- Soccer
- March 28, 2017, 12:30
Uefa claim revenues are not a driver for Nations League which seems laughable
Cyrus Christie gets chance to shine in Iceland game
- International
- March 28, 2017, 06:00
Coleman injury casts big shadow over friendly in Aviva, Martin O'Neill admits
Brady's 'dream comes true' as he is named Ireland captain
- International
- March 28, 2017, 05:30
Left-back to lead side against Iceland in place of Séamus Coleman following leg break
Robbie Brady to take captain's armband for Iceland friendly
- International
- March 27, 2017, 13:13
Ireland manager Martin O'Neill set to name an experimental side at the Aviva Stadium
Alan Judge urges Coleman to be patient as he begins recovery
- International
- March 27, 2017, 05:58
Brentford midfielder has yet to return having suffered double leg fracture year ago
O'Neill predicts Coleman will recover fully from leg break
- International
- March 26, 2017, 21:17
Republic of Ireland team-mates visit stricken captain ahead of friendly against Iceland
Séamus Coleman injury casts shadow on Ireland's draw
- International
- March 24, 2017, 22:18
Captain suffers suspected broken leg after red card challenge from Neil Taylor
League of Ireland set for a poignant weekend
- National League
- March 24, 2017, 17:55
'I think Ryan's passing affects players from all over the country', says Gary Rogers
Stakes high as Republic of Ireland take on Wales
- International
- March 24, 2017, 06:00
Gareth Bale the major threat to Martin O'Neill's hopes of automatic qualification
Numbers suggest Ireland are up against it in Wales clash
- International
- March 24, 2017, 05:00
Top-notch performance needed if Irish are to triumph over Euro 2016 semi-finalists
Chris Coleman still confident Wales remain on the right track
- International
- March 24, 2017, 01:00
Welsh manager respects Ireland but says ninie times out of ten his team perform
Martin O'Neill says Lille spirit needed to beat Wales
- Soccer
- March 23, 2017, 13:43
James McCarthy remains on course to feature, although that could be from the bench
Stephen Ward says Irish teamwork must stifle Bale threat
- International
- March 23, 2017, 06:45
Allen and Ramsey significant talents but Madrid star the Real ace in the Wales pack
Jeff Hendrick bedding in to life at the top
- International
- March 23, 2017, 05:00
Burnley midfielder finding his way in Premier League believes his best has yet to come
James McCarthy comes through Irish training unscathed
- Soccer
- March 22, 2017, 12:13
Roy Keane said Everton midfielder would need to train on Wednesday to play Wales
Roy Keane not even contemplating playing for a draw on Friday
- International
- March 22, 2017, 07:00
Martin O'Neill has lost a team's worth of players for World Cup qualifier against Wales
Keane on Bale: 'Hit him, tackling is part of the bloody game'
- International
- March 22, 2017, 06:00
Republic of Ireland assistant full of praise for Wales forward ahead of crucial qualifier
James McCarthy has until Wednesday to prove fitness
- Soccer
- March 21, 2017, 13:23
'If he's wasn't to join in with the group tomorrow then it would be very difficult'
Remember Stephen Ireland against Wales 10 years ago?
- Soccer
- March 21, 2017, 13:10
His international career was essentially ended by the infamous grandmother episode
Martin O'Neill: We don't have the depth of some countries but we'll be ready
- International
- March 21, 2017, 07:02
Ireland manager calls Robbie Brady "a bit daft" over suspension incurred in Vienna
Martin O'Neill has no major headaches but decisions to make
- International
- March 21, 2017, 05:00
James McCarthy's absence would put Murphy, McGeady and Myler in the frame
Derry City players mourn loss of captain Ryan McBride
- Soccer
- March 20, 2017, 18:28
President and Martin O'Neill lead tributes to Derry footballer who died aged 27 on Sunday
Martin O'Neill confirms Wes Hoolahan out of Wales qualifer
- International
- March 20, 2017, 12:54
'It's the lengthiest list of list of injuries that I've known in my time in the job'
Robbie Brady 'devastated' to be out of Wales clash
- International
- March 20, 2017, 09:30
Ireland's senior player of the year one of a number of absentees for key qualifier
President leads tributes to Derry City captain Ryan McBride
- Soccer
- March 20, 2017, 08:08
'He was a ferociously brave player. He was the bravest player I ever saw on a pitch'
Derry City captain Ryan McBride found dead
- Soccer
- March 19, 2017, 22:11
The 27-year-old defender understood to have been found dead at home on Sunday evening
Ireland's absentee list for Wales game continues to grow
- International
- March 19, 2017, 21:30
Robbie Brady wins three FAI awards but is suspended for Friday's World Cup qualifier
Sean Maguire continues scoring to maintain Cork's winning ways
- National League
- March 17, 2017, 20:11
Rovers' poor start to the season continues with Patrick's Day defeat at home to Cork
Ireland Under-17s qualify for European Championships
- International
- March 17, 2017, 18:59
In-form Glen McAuley's second-half goal against Slovakia makes all the difference
Cork aim to extend winning run by beating Shamrock Rovers
- National League
- March 16, 2017, 19:36
Defeat at Tallaght Stadium would leave Dublin side with a lot of ground to make up
Wales hand teenager Ben Woodburn a senior call-up for Ireland game
- Champions League
- March 16, 2017, 18:57
Teenage Liverpool striker part of squad along with Gareth Bale and Aaron Ramsey
Roy Keane dismisses glamorous image of life in the game
- Soccer
- March 16, 2017, 01:01
Republic of Ireland assistant manager: 'You bump into lots of idiots on your travels'
Rachel Graham and Shelbourne rarin' to go again
- Soccer
- March 16, 2017, 01:00
New season beckons and last year's double winners are intent on more silverware
Robbie Brady leads list of nominations for FAI awards
- International
- March 14, 2017, 22:03
Burnley midfielder faces challenge from Jeff Hendrick and Séamus Coleman
If the FA Cup doesn't matter then why do top clubs always win?
- English Soccer
- March 14, 2017, 12:30
Even with big clubs fielding weakened sides it is rare for an underdog to go all the way
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Córdoba - 2 Mosques in one day
The bike ride today took us into the foothills and past the Medina Azahara. The site is the ruins of a city built by a Caliph in the 10th century to replace Cordova as the capital. The ride into Córdoba was a little confusing and it took a while to find our hotel. I was bitterly disappointed to find out we had arrived too late ...
Day 178: Lagos
... tiny it was absolutely delicious. Next stop was to get an ice cream. It was here in Lagos that I had the most delicious flavoured ice cream I have ever had in my life, Kinder Bueno. It was so good we had to get a double scoop and one each, that's how good it was. After eating our ice cream and wandering around the town we made our way back to the hotel to pack our bags and organise ourselves for morning. Of course there was the ...
Seville and Córdoba
... an area of excavation revealing layers of architecture from the different periods. It was interesting to note that each of the pillars is slightly different as they used reclaimed Roman pillars. We next visited a Jewish Synagogue which is now a museum and not used for services as there are very few Jews remaining in Córdoba. The tour guide said that the building is from 14th or 15th century and archeologists removed the Christian crucifix and altar to ...
Seville Seville!
... think I got a really great feel for the city. Sadly this morning we had to part ways with the Spanish tour guide/translator/navigator/boyfriend as he is heading back to Madrid, and the rest of us are continuing on. Next stop: Barcelona!! Tune in next time to find out how 3 tall, lanky Canadians survive one of the most popular, busy city's in Spain. Wish us luck! Ciao, ...
... say, New Zealand. Or Scotland. Or for that matter, Ireland, Wales, Australia, or England. Or even, as a friend suggested, between Colorado and Oklahoma! The upshot is that even though I've learned a great deal, I still can't understand my friends when they converse with each other, and I'm pretty proud of myself when I can understand the story or setup for a joke, but I invariably miss the punch line.
A consolation ...


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Centara Koh Chang Tropicana Resort
Select your stay dates to check availability at Centara Koh Chang Tropicana Resort
Centara Koh Chang Tropicana Resort
About the Hotel
Property Location
With a stay at Centara Koh Chang Tropicana Resort in Ko Chang, you'll be on the beach and convenient to Ko Chang Medical Clinic International and Klong Plu Waterfall. This 4-star resort is within close proximity of Kai Bae Beach and Lonely Beach.
Make yourself at home in one of the 156 air-conditioned rooms featuring minibars. Rooms have private balconies or patios. Complimentary wireless Internet access keeps you connected, and satellite programming is available for your entertainment. Bathrooms have complimentary toiletries and hair dryers.
Relax at the full-service spa, where you can enjoy massages, body treatments, and facials. You're sure to appreciate the recreational amenities, which include 2 outdoor swimming pools, a waterslide, and a sauna. Additional amenities at this resort include complimentary wireless Internet access, babysitting/childcare (surcharge), and tour/ticket assistance. Guests can catch a ride to nearby destinations on the area shuttle (surcharge).
Grab a bite to eat at the resort's beachfront restaurant, which features a pool view. You can also stay in and take advantage of room service (during limited hours). Relax with a refreshing drink at a bar/lounge, a beach bar, or one of 2 poolside bars. Buffet breakfasts are available daily for a fee.
Business, Other Amenities
Featured amenities include a business center, complimentary newspapers in the lobby, and dry cleaning/laundry services. Free self parking is available onsite.
Hotel Facilities
- Coffee/tea in common areas
- Babysitting or childcare (surcharge)
- Spa services on site
- Multilingual staff
- Babysitting or childcare
- Beach bar
- Tours/ticket assistance
- Bar/lounge
- Garden
- Full-service spa
- Area shuttle (surcharge)
- Children's pool
- Free newspapers in lobby
- Safe-deposit box at front desk
- Porter/bellhop
- Conference space
- Children's club (free)
- Spa tub
- Total number of rooms - 156
- Restaurant
- Breakfast available (surcharge)
- Sauna
- Waterslide
- Number of outdoor pools - 2
- Number of poolside bars - 2
- 24-hour front desk
- Fitness facilities
- Dry cleaning/laundry service
- Children's club
- Luggage storage
- Free WiFi
- Free self parking
- Spa treatment room(s)
- Business center
Room Facilities
- In-room safe
- Rollaway/extra beds (surcharge)
- Ceiling fan
- Air conditioning
- Room service (limited hours)
- Free bottled water
- Phone
- Satellite TV service
- Free WiFi
- In-room massage available
- Desk
- Minibar
- Daily housekeeping
- Free toiletries
- Bathrobes
- Balcony or patio
- Slippers
- Coffee/tea maker
- Hair dryer
Hotel Policy
Know Before You Go
- Reservations are required for spa treatments. Reservations can be made by contacting the resort prior to arrival, using the contact information on the booking confirmation.
- No pets and no service animals are allowed at this property.
The following fees and deposits are charged by the property at time of service, check-in, or check-out.
- Fee for buffet breakfast: THB 648 for adults and THB 324 for children (approximately)
- Rollaway bed fee: THB 1500 per night
The above list may not be comprehensive. Fees and deposits may not include tax and are subject to change.Show all hotel policy Show less hotel policy


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