text:
|Publication number
|Publication type
|Application number
|Publication date
|Oct 21, 2008
|Filing date
|Jan 22, 2001
|Priority date
|Jan 22, 2001
|Fee status
|Publication number
|Scott Thomas Molloy
|Original Assignee
|Cisco Technology, Inc.
|Export Citation
|BiBTeX, EndNote, RefMan
|Patent Citations (40), Referenced by (3), Classifications (14), Legal Events (2)
|External Links: USPTO, USPTO Assignment, Espacenet
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates generally to electronic mail (e-mail), facsimile (fax) conversion and fax to e-mail inter-conversion so as to eliminate the need for a Personal Computer and the like for receiving e-mail messages and particularly to automatic conversion of an e-mail message, destined for a particular address by an e-mail message sender, into a fax w document for forwarding thereof onto a fax machine for use by a fax machine user and for automatic conversion of a reply fax document, developed by the fax machine user, into an e-mail message for delivery thereof to the e-mail message sender.
2. Description of the Prior Art
Communications through systems capable of transferring electronic mail (e-mail) have become particularly ubiquitous in recent years. Somewhat prior to the wide scale use of e-mail, facsimile (fax) was used as a common method of communication albeit this type of communication is clearly only a written or printed form thereof. More recently, e-mail and fax methods of communication are both employed for transferring documents of various sizes and types, simple messages and, in the case of e-mail, even voice and audio information. Some background information regarding the infrastructure behind the use of e-mail and protocols for transferring the same is briefly provided.
Also shown in
The Network Access/Service Provider A 16 may serve to isolate the network user A 18 from the characteristics of the data communications network 14. The methods used for the communication and exchange of data between a network user A 18 and the Network Access/Service Provider A 16 may differ from methods used for the delivery and receipt of network user A 18 data to and from other parties reachable via data communications network 14.
The Network Access/Service Provider A 16 may act as a broker or forwarding agent in the delivery and receipt of a network user A 18 data. The Network Access/Service Provider A 16 may act as a forwarding agent for network user A 18 data after the network user A 18 is no longer reachable on the network (e.g. a temporary network user may have terminated it's connection). Similarly the Network Access/Service Provider A 16 may act as a proxy recipient for a network user's data until such a time as that network user A 18 becomes available for receipt of that data. This mode of operation is commonly referred to as "store and forward" operation.
By some convention, each Network Access/Service Provider, such as Network Access/Service Provider A 16, is assigned a unique designation, by the data communication network 14 administrative authority. In ARPA-Internet terminology this designation is referred to as the domain.
Individual network users such as network user A 18 are assigned a designation by the their Network Access/Service Provider administrative authority, such as the Network Access/Service Provider A 16 administrative authority, which is unique within that Network Access/Service Provider domain. In ARPA-Internet terminology this designation is often referred to as the user name or simply 'user'.
The Network Access/Service Provider A 16 acts as an e-mail proxy agent for the set of network users, such as network user A 18, known to be administered by Network Access/Service Provider A 16. Each user, such as network user A 18, of data communications network 14 may be uniquely described by a domain designation qualified by a user designation. By convention, the given method for deriving unique e-mail designations for individuals such as network user A 18 is the merging of user with domain separated by the '@' character (yielding something of the form user@domain). In the current embodiment of the ARPA-Internet, the globally unique designation thus formed, is described in reference [RFC819 Domain naming convention for Internet user applications. Z. Su, J. Postel. Aug. 1, 1982. RFC821 Simple Mail Transfer Protocol. J. Postel. Aug. 1, 1982.], which has been adopted for use as the 'standard' e-mail address designation method and is often referred to as a network user's e-mail address.
The e-mail service provider 20 may receive requests to deliver e-mail from network users both within it's domain of authority and from outside it's domain of authority. Similarly, the e-mail service provider 20 may receive requests to deliver e-mail to network users both within it's domain of authority and to users outside it's domain of authority. For each e-mail message to be delivered, the e-mail service provider 20 attempts to 'deliver' the message to the e-mail service w provider specified by the destination addressee domain. In cases where the destination domain specified is other than the Network Access/Service Provider A 16 domain, the delivery attempt will result in the message being sent via the data communications network 14. Delivery attempts to destination addressee within the Network Access/Service Provider A 16 remain local to the e-mail service provider 20 network.
The e-mail message destined for network user A 18 is saved by e-mail service provider 20 until such a time as network user A 18 is detected as reachable and available to receive e-mail. Various methods and protocols may be employed to trigger the transfer of e-mail from e-mail service provider 20 to network users such as network user A 18, commonly used approaches require users such as network user A 18 to poll or solicit for available e-mail 36 from e-mail service provider 20.
The methods and protocols used for the transfer of e-mail between network user A 18 and e-mail service provider 20 and for the interpretation and identification of source and destination e-mail addresses are governed by Network Access/Service Provider A 16 administrative authority policy.
Methods and protocols used for the transfer of e-mail between e-mail service providers in different administrative domains are defined in a body of evolutionary specifications called Request For Comments (RFC) and form the basis of the ARPA-Internet related recommendations for protocols and methods. Those methods include but are not limited to protocols and facilities such as the Post Office Protocol (POP) [RFC1725 Post Office Protocol—Version 3. J. Myers, M. Rose. November 1994.], Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP), [RFC1730 Internet Message Access Protocol—Version 4. M. Crispin. December 1994.] and Simple Message Transfer Protocol (SMTP) RFC821 Simple Mail Transfer Protocol. J. Postel. Aug. 1, 1982 widely in use in contemporary ARPA-Internet e-mail exchange environments.
In operation, the e-mail service provider 64 typically executes some purpose built or dedicated e-mail interchange software (e.g. SMTP) for the interchange of e-mail messages. In a real-world environment, the NASP administrative authority would perhaps implement some access control and network user billing policies and infrastructure to support those policies. In such an embodiment, the administrative authority through some proprietary accounting system maintained by the administrative authority would likely know each temporary network user 60. Resource usage within the NASP would perhaps be monitored on a per temporary network user 60 'account' basis and per user billing information derived accordingly.
Typically, subject to NASP administrative authority policy, each temporary network user 60 would be allocated some mass storage resource budget or quota which would serve to regulate or provide an upper limit to the amount of data maintained by the NASP on behalf of any given user.
The e-mail service provider 64 may assign a portion of the allotted mass storage of each temporary user 60, within the NASP A 53 administrative domain, for use as a users' receive mailbox. The e-mail service provider 64, stores a message destined for a temporary network user 60 in that user's assigned mailbox, until being picked up by the temporary network user 60 allocated that mailbox.
As described previously, the destination addressee for an e-mail address is associated with the e-mail message by some embodiment specific means. In the ARPA-Internet case, the evolutionary Multimedia Internet Mail Extensions (MIME) [RFC2045 Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME) Part One: Format of Internet Message Bodies. N. Freed & N. Borenstein. November 1996; RFC2046 Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME) Part Two: Media Types. N. Freed & N. Borenstein. November 1996; RFC2047 MIME (Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions) Part Three: Message Header Extensions for Non-ASCII Text. K. Moore. November 1996; RFC2048 Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME) Part Four Registration Procedures. N. Freed, J. Kiensin & J. Postel. November 1996; RFC2049 Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME) Part Five: Conformance Criteria and Examples. N. Freed & N. Borenstein. November 1996.] specifications together with other related evolutionary definitions, e.g. "RFC822—Standard for the format of ARPA Internet text messages". D. Crocker. Aug. 13, 1982, describe methods for the encoding and interpretation of certain data items within e-mail messages for use by e-mail delivery infrastructure. Such data items identify the source and destination e-mail addresses, describe the content of the message, identify possible multiple recipients, describe cryptographic and other security measures which may be in effect together with other standard, as per the evolutionary body of RFCs, data items of significance to various members of the network community.
Typically, a useful embodiment of the current invention employs methods for confirming the transfer of an e-mail message at any transit point between peer e-mail service providers and e-mail service provider to network user e-mail exchanges. Referring to
Referring still to
Once the temporary network user 60 has satisfied the identification requirements imposed by the NASP A 53 administrative authority, the temporary network user 60 typically polls or solicits for any pending e-mail in the assigned name of temporary network user 60. This solicitation is performed using some prearranged protocol and is initiated at the temporary network user 60 behest. Pending e-mail is 'downloaded' from the e-mail service provider 64 mass storage capability 62 and transferred via the PSTN to the temporary network user 60 as previously described in
The operation of the e-mail service provider 64 together with the mass storage capability 62 may be considered to be analogous to the operation of the U.S. Post Office in that as e-mail messages arrive, they are classified by the service provider 64 based on the destination addressee and the sorted result delivered to mailboxes particular to the destination addressee, analogous to residential mail boxes, where the messages wait to be picked up by the owners of each mail box.
Various methods and protocols are employed to cater for the environmental factors which influence behavior of communications networks; factors such as data loss due to noise (say due to electromagnetic interference) and system failure have a significant impact on data communications reliability. In data communications networks, such as the ARPA-Internet, the protocols, methods and strategies employed to deal with these factors are specified in various published RFCs and other proprietary texts.
In a typical embodiment of the current invention, protocols and device control components are employed, each component being responsible for some particular aspect of a service or function within the system. The components are assembled in an ordered fashion where to perform an overall system function (e.g. to send an e-mail message), each of the components is executed in turn. When viewed as an ordered execution sequence, the component interaction forms a hierarchy. The hierarchy or 'layering' of protocols related to typical contemporary ARPA-Internet data communications as described in relevant RFCs.
In the current ARPA-Internet implementation, and in view of the reliable transport facilitated by the Transport Control Protocol [RFC793 Transmission Control Protocol. J. Postel. Sep. 1, 1981. TCP is commonly used as the transport protocol for the interchange of e-mail messages between computer systems throughout the ARPA-Internet network.
This serves to complete a brief background of the way in which e-mail messages are transferred from one computer equipment to another using a network, such as the ARPA-Internet. The reader's attention is now drawn to some of the problems associated with such usage.
A user of e-mail must have the infrastructure, such as a PC, to support the various functions discussed with reference to
In summary, e-mail users generally go through a NASP for establishing an e-mail connection and for accessing the ARPA-Internet. Certain group of e-mail users, most commonly corporations, firms and other types of organizations, typically have dedicated e-mail servers positioned locally within their organization for continuous access to the ARPA-Internet and therefore e-mail. These types of users only require their NASP to provide a "pipe" to the ARPA-Internet and potentially require domain name services. Other users of e-mail require their e-mail messages to be stored by their NASP and forwarded to them upon demand. This is due to these users' not-so-permanent connections to the ARPA-Internet, yet a desire to be "virtually permanent" at least relative to the delivery of e-mail messages.
One of the limitations with the latter users' access to e-mail is that they must poll their mail boxes (provided to them by their NASP) frequently in order to determine whether or not they have any e-mail messages. The increased reliance on e-mail has resulted in a high frequency of polling for messages, which can obviously be cumbersome and wasteful in time.
Additionally, another type of users of e-mail have a desire to have access to e-mail and yet do without the infrastructure, i.e. PC, modem and other types of equipment, for accomplishing the same. Examples of such type of users are shopkeepers located in remote areas of the world, perhaps stockbrokers and others. Shopkeepers or owners of small businesses who wishes to accept e-mail orders (which has become quite common recently), may not wish to invest in dedicated hardware equipment for doing the same and would therefore be denied access to e-mail. Therefore, the problem that this group of users encounters is the acceptance of Web-based ordering with an e-mail presence and a "virtual permanent" connection for accomplishing the same without the need for any dedicated equipment other than a fax machine.
Thus, the need arises for a system and method for accepting and sending e-mail messages without the use of equipment that is in communications with the ARPA-Internet so as to reduce operating costs for small enterprises and individual ARPA-Internet users while reducing latency associated with dialing up for checking for messages.
Briefly, an Network Access/Service Provider device is disclosed in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention to include a fax gateway having a storage device for storing an e-mail message received from a sender through a data communications network. The stored e-mail message is converted to a format suitable for transmission thereof to a fax recipient having access to a fax device. At least one fax modem device is used for transmitting the fax document to the fax recipient through a public telephone network, wherein the ARPA-Internet Network Access/Service device allows a fax recipient to receive e-mail messages by the use of a fax device without requiring computer equipment.
The foregoing and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments which make reference to several figures of the drawing.
Referring now to
The NASP device 106 is shown to include a pool of fax capable modems 130 having a plurality I-G of fax modem devices 122 for processing calls that come in through the PSTN 104 and a mass storage device 124. The storage device 124 may be a PC with a hard disk or any other type of computer equipment with apparatus for storing information electronically. The e-mail service provider 123 within the NASP 106 is extended to include an e-mail to fax conversion gateway capability 110 which is coupled to the mass storage capability 124 and to the pool of fax capable modems 130.
The fax users, 92-96, fall within the special class of users, discussed earlier, who do not have access to e-mail yet wish to receive and send message from and to other e-mail users. Consequently, these fax users sign up with an NASP, such as America Online, Inc. In
While not shown in
Therefore, in the present invention, the NASP needs additional information that is not normally needed for prior art systems and applications. Two pieces of information that are needed are fax number for the particular fax recipient that is to receive e-mail information and (optionally) time-of-day. The latter is used to indicate the time of day at which the e-mail message contents is to be delivered to the customer and the former is clearly needed to specify the destination e-mail address of the e-mail contents. Additional information (information other than fax number and time-of-day) is optionally needed. Such options include but are not limited to:
Upon receipt of the e-mail message, the e-mail service provider 123 checks the validity of the destination (or fax recipient) to ensure that the destination is known to the NASP. If the fax user is unknown to the e-mail service provider 123, the e-mail service provider 123 sends a standard failed message response back to the originator of the e-mail message. This is done through, for example, a Sendmail program, residing within the e-mail service provider 123, as discussed above. If the e-mail service provider 123 knows the user, the e-mail message is saved in the mailbox that is assigned to that particular user within the mass storage location 124 until the time it is transmitted by the NASP to the fax recipient at the time-of-day specified by the fax recipient.
As earlier indicated, in the present invention, a new special class of users may access the NASP. This special class of users will have provided their fax number and time-of-day information to the NASP when initially signing up with the latter. In the simplest case where the user (or fax recipient) specifies the time-of-day to be any time, the NASP device 106 converts the received e-mail to a fax document, looks up the destination fax number for the particular user to which the e-mail is intended as the recipient and creates a fax title page. Then the fax title page and the converted e-mail (fax document) are transmitted to one of the fax recipients, 98-102 at a time specified by the fax recipient's time-of-day specification.
In the fax title page, typically there is a "From:" field and a "To:" field, the latter for indicating the identity of the recipient of the message and the former for identifying the identity of the sender of the message. Additionally, there is an optional "Subject" field that generally describes the subject matter of the correspondence.
In the present invention, the "From:" field is derived from the e-mail address of the sender of the e-mail message by the NASP. The "To:" field is derived from the e-mail address of the recipient (or fax user) by the NASP and the "Subject" field is derived from the subject field of the original e-mail message.
Alternatively, if the time-of-day is defined by the customer (or fax recipient) to be other than any time and it is specified to be a time other than when the e-mail is received, then the fax is queued until the next time of day, as specified by the fax recipient to the NASP. There are two ways of queuing the message. In accordance with one method of the present invention, the e-mail message is stored in the user's mailbox as a native e-mail message. The mailbox resides in mass storage location 124. It should be noted that where a user receives multiple messages, a plurality of messages are then stored in the user's mail box. In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the message is converted into a format suitable for transmission over fax and then stored as a graphical representation thereof. With reference to
In the case where an e-mail user attempts to send a message to this special class of customers (fax users who do not have access to e-mail but own a fax machine and have provided their fax number to their NASP) and the message cannot for some reason be delivered to the intended recipient, a message is automatically sent to the e-mail sender informing the latter that the message could not be delivered. Thus, the sender of the e-mail message will always receive a negative confirmation of a failed message.
In accordance with the present invention, the sender of an e-mail message remains transparent to the fact that the recipient of his/her message is receiving the message in the form of a fax document rather than an e-mail message. This is so due to the recipient appearing to the sender as an e-mail recipient by virtue of having an e-mail address. In other words, when a user from the special class of users register with an NASP, they are provided with an e-mail address in the same way any other e-mail user is provided with the same. In this respect, an e-mail message sender cannot tell the difference between the classes of users to which his/her e-mail message is being sent.
One of the requirements of a useful e-mail messages system in the contemporary ARPA-Internet environment is supporting MIME [RFC2045-2049, as cited above] file attachments of various types, such as multimedia files having video and/or audio content. When receiving such an e-mail message, the fax e-mail gateway 110 tries to convert the attachment into a format renderable by a fax machine and deliver the same. Thus, multimedia information is delivered to the fax recipient faithfully. But when the attached file includes a sound track or a moving picture, the same cannot be delivered in its true form. In the latter case, the contents that can be delivered (or rendered by a fax machine) is delivered to the fax recipient in a form that is soundless and pictureless and if in doing so the message is altered in any manner, an e-mail message is sent back to the originator (or sender) of the e-mail message noting that certain parts of the sender's message could not be delivered and that if the sender desires the recipient to receive those undelivered portions to please contact the recipient in some other way. Additionally, the recipient is notified regarding the alteration of the original e-mail message when the recipient receives the fax document.
At this point, the recipient has a number of options. At the time of signing up or registering with the NASP, the recipient could have asked for an extra service from the NASP whereby messages could be opened by the NASP and listened to or viewed and if such a service was requested, the recipient may then ask to have the message listened to or viewed and to be told of its contents. Another option is to save the message in the mass storage location 124 and have the recipient pick it up by way of a computer access if one can be arranged.
Another aspect of the present invention entails sending responses from the fax recipient back to the originator of the e-mail message (sender). The reader is reminded that the fax e-mail gateway creates a fax cover (or title) page using the e-mail address of the sender and recipient to identify the information in the "From:" and "To:" fields and the subject field of the original e-mail message is used to derive the "Subject" field of the fax cover page. In this manner, when the recipient wishes to respond to the sender, the recipient uses the fax cover sheet, created by the NASP device 106, as a fax cover page for creating a response to the original e-mail message sender and attaches another document, which includes the contents of the message the recipient wishes to send to the original e-mail message sender and faxes the two as a single multi page fax document to the NASP 106. The number that the recipient uses to call the NASP is a phone number that is provided to the recipient at the time of signing up with the NASP. Thus, the NASP may provide one or more services; one service is that the NASP calls up the fax recipient whenever there is an e-mail message for the latter or at a time specified by the time-of-day criteria. Another service that may be provided by the NASP is to extend the NASP's dial-up services to include a phone number for use in replying to fax-e-mail messages.
It should be noted that currently, when a user (or customer) signs up with an NASP, the user is provided with at least one and more likely many telephone numbers that the user employs to call to check for e-mail messages. With the use of the present invention, the NASP may provide yet another number to the user for calling the NASP when the user wishes to reply to an e-mail message by sending a fax document that is ultimately converted to a reply e-mail message by the NASP and transmitted to the sender of the original e-mail message. In this respect, the user simply dials into the NASP using his/her fax machine and transmits the reply fax document.
Referring back to the example where a fax recipient sends a reply back through the NASP to the e-mail message sender, the NASP receives a multi-page fax document, the first page of which is a copy of the fax cover page that the NASP created. Upon receipt of the multi-page fax document, the fax e-mail gateway 110 executes an Optical Character Recognition (OCR) program, via which it interprets some or all of the text of the cover page of the fax document. Because the fax e-mail gateway 110 created the fax cover page in the first place, it has the requisite knowledge regarding the location, font and point size of the "Subject" field, the destination identity ("To" field) and the sender identity ("From" field) information in the fax cover page.
Thus, the NASP device 106, upon receipt of a reply fax document from on eof the fax recipients 98-102, automatically interprets the first page of the reply fax to determine to whom an e-mail message need be sent, which in this case is the original e-mail sender. It also determines who the reply fax document is from, which in this case may be identified as a normal e-mail address. The fax e-mail gateway 110 converts the remainder of the fax document into a widely recognizable graphical representation of the same (e.g. GIF, TIFF or JPEG graphics formats), creates a new e-mail message which is addressed with the information extracted from the cover page via OCR aboe, and to which it attaches tehconverted fax document, perhaps using a MIME [RFC2045-2049, as cited above] attachment type, and inserts a textual remark into th ee-mail message to indicate to the recipient that the e-mail was generated by a fax e-mail conversion gateway and that the original fax document which is being sent is reproduced in the attached (GIF, TIFF or JPEG file, to access the same, simply click on the file.) Thus, in the example of the shopkeeper as the fax recipient (one of fax recipients 98-102), the shopkeeper's response will appear as a MIME-attached "GIF" (or "TIFF" or "JPEG") file in a reply e-mail. With the use of the present invention, the shopkeeper therefore is capable of sending and receiving e-mail messages simply by using a fax machine and without the need for other computer equipment.
Some of the steps performed by the e-mail service provider 123 are enumerated in flow chart format in
At step 164, the NASP device 106 creates a fax cover page using the e-mail message header information. The header information is the "To:", "From:" and "Subject" fields discussed earlier. The e-mail message itself is converted into a format suitable for transmission over fax at step 166. It should be noted that the e-mail message might be converted into a format suitable for transmission over fax even prior to the creation of the fax cover page at step 164.
Next, at step 168, the fax cover page and the converted fax document are transmitted to their intended fax recipient (in
If at step 166, conversion of the e-mail message results in a partial conversion due to the e-mail message having attached thereto audio or visual information that cannot be converted by the NASP device 106, as noted earlier, whatever can be converted (including alteration of the message in an attempt to preserve its contents in fax-readable form as discussed earlier) is transmitted to the fax recipient and a note is made to the latter informing them of the problem at which time the fax recipient has the option of receiving the e-mail message using a computer device to dial into the NASP to retrieve the e-mail message or can have the NASP notify the fax recipient of the contents of the message. Meanwhile, the e-mail message is stored in the mass storage capability 124. Similarly, an e-mail message is sent to the sender notifying them of the failure to deliver the e-mail message in its original form to the fax recipient. The sender may then choose to contact the fax recipient through other means. It should be noted that while the name "fax recipient" is used throughout this document that to the sender the fax recipient is known as an e-mail recipient.
Other aspects of the present invention include additional capabilities of the NASP. For example, the NASP can maintain a list of Universal Resource Locators (URLs—addresses of various ARPA-Internet sites) in its database, which may be located in the storage device 124. This list may have been one requested by the fax recipient. Every so often, again as perhaps specified by the fax recipient, the NASP may convert the URL site information into a fax document and download (or send) the same to the fax recipient. The NASP may then charge a fee for offering such a service. An example of such a service would information on the stock market. In essence the browser page of the sites requested by the fax recipient will be faxed to the latter. If the fax recipient at some point in time wishes to change his/her subscription to the sites, a fax message may be sent to the NASP indicating the same. Thus, a high degree of automation may be achieved with the method and apparatus of the present invention.
The conversion from an e-mail message to a format suitable for transmission by fax is done by the fax e-mail gateway 110 using dedicated software. This purpose built software converts a text document (an e-mail message) into an intermediate format suitable transmission by fax emulation software. One possible intermediate format, which has been found suitable for transmission by fax emulation software, is the TIFF format. The fax title page is created as a text document using fonts and point sizes recognizable by the OCR system previously described, and then converted into the intermediate format by the fax e-mail gateway for transmission as a fax document to the fax recipient. A similar program is used to convert a fax document to an e-mail message.
While embodiments of the present invention so far have shown all of the structures used by the invention in one device, namely the NASP, alternatively, these structures can be located outside of the NASP without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. For example, all of the fax modem devices, within the plurality of the fax modem devices 122 shown in
Alternatively, the storage location 124 may be located externally to the NASP device 106 in
The NASP 204 is also in communication with a PSTN 202 through a communication link 218, which in one embodiment of the present invention, is a channelized T3 data stream providing up to 672 concurrent discrete low speed (64000 bits/sec) communications channels each able to be connected to a different PSTN destination simultaneously. Various computer systems communicate through the data communications network 210, with each other and with the NAS in the execution of their allotted tasks. Applications evolving within highly distributed networking environments such as the ARPA-Internet naturally tend to utilize distribution models which reflect the philosophy of the networking environment.
The domain name server 206 either maintains or acquires information regarding the identification, i.e. ARPA-Internet Protocol address, associated with various servers using the domain name within the e-mail address field of an e-mail message. The web services server 208 maintains the ARPA-Internet browser and related functions. The e-mail services server 212 maintains the home directory information for various users. The new class of service 214 maintains information on the class of users that wish to send and receive e-mail messages using a fax machine, such as that which was extensively discussed with respect to previous figures of this patent document. This information may be the fax number of such users and the users' respective time-of-day information.
The choice of various features and services that are offered users of a particular NASP are a function of policy determined by the administrative authority of the NASP. One NASP may differentiate itself against another my offering different value additions to customers in order to attempt to increase revenue generation.
The NASP may or may not include bulk storage for the maintenance of substantially large volumes of data, in which case the mass storage requirements of a NASP may be distributed to another resource provider elsewhere in the network.
Although the present invention has been described in terms of specific embodiments it is anticipated that alterations and modifications thereof will no doubt become apparent to those skilled in the art. It is therefore intended that the following claims be interpreted as covering all such alterations and modification as fall within the true spirit and scope of the invention.
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|Oct 18, 2000
|Jan 21, 2003
|Compaq Information Technologies Group, L.P.
|Method and apparatus for remote FAX forwarding control
|Feb 15, 2000
|Jun 17, 2003
|Lucent Technologies Inc.
|Integration of voice mail, email, fax and personal calendar systems to automatically update messages
|Mar 19, 1999
|Jul 29, 2003
|Cisco Technology, Inc.
|Email to fax processing when no secondary storage is available
|Nov 6, 1998
|Sep 23, 2003
|J2 Global Communications
|System and process for transmitting electronic mail using a conventional facsimile device
|Sep 12, 1998
|Oct 14, 2003
|Cranberry Properties, Llc
|System for integrated electronic communications
|Nov 10, 1999
|Oct 28, 2003
|Garuda Network Corporation
|Apparatus and method for intelligent scalable switching network
|Mar 26, 1999
|Nov 18, 2003
|Cisco Technology, Inc.
|System, apparatus and method for reducing fax transmission status outcalls from a FAX-to-SMTP gateway
|Jan 22, 1999
|Feb 17, 2004
|Mark C. Bloomfield
|Facsimile to E-mail communication system with local interface
|Nov 21, 2000
|Mar 16, 2004
|E-Mate Enterprises, Llc
|Facsimile to E-mail communication system with local interface
|Nov 27, 2000
|Feb 15, 2005
|Bloomfield Enterprises, Llc
|Personal digital assistant facilitated communication system
|Jul 18, 2000
|Dec 4, 2007
|Panasonic Communications Co., Ltd.
|Apparatus and method for receiving image
|Jul 21, 1997
|Aug 23, 2001
|Alan Eric Sicher
|Enhanced interworking function for interfacing digital cellular voice and fax protocols and internet protocols
|Dec 20, 2000
|Jun 20, 2002
|Shane Konsella
|Personal switchboard system and method
|Oct 8, 2003
|Apr 15, 2004
|E-Mate Enterprises, Llc.
|Personal digital assistant facilitated communication system
|Sep 10, 2003
|May 27, 2004
|Kulakowski Robert T.
|System for communicating facsimile and audio information in standard e-mail attachment format
|Nov 18, 2002
|Nov 4, 2004
|Antognini Walter G.
|Method and system for sending electronic messages from a fax machine
|Nov 12, 1996
|May 22, 1997
|Netfax Incorporated
|Internet global area networks fax system
|Citing Patent
|Filing date
|Publication date
|May 23, 2007
|Nov 27, 2012
|Canon Kabushiki Kaisha
|Facsimile apparatus for receiving image data from an external apparatus and sending image data to the external apparatus in the same connection session
|Nov 30, 2004
|Jul 27, 2006
|Microsoft Corporation
|Dynamic spam trap accounts
|May 23, 2007
|Dec 6, 2007
|Canon Kabushiki Kaisha
|Information processing apparatus, method for controlling the same, program, and storage medium
|U.S. Classification
|370/401, 370/466, 358/401, 358/402, 358/407
|International Classification
|Cooperative Classification
|European Classification
|Apr 23, 2012
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 4
|Apr 21, 2016
|Fee payment
Year of fee payment: 8


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Social Media Week NYC at NYPL: The Inner Workings: Staffing for Social Media
Program Locations:
Attend a showcase of different approaches for social media staffing juxtaposing representatives from companies in the private sector and non-profits. New York Public Library staff will share findings from their award-winning case study 'ÄúTwitter Success Through a Coordinated Staffing Model'ÄĚ.¬†¬†¬†¬†¬†
This event is now full. Registration is CLOSED.
All Social Media Week events are FREE and open to the public.
* Susan Halligan, Marketing Director at the New York Public Library
* Johannes Neuer, eCommunications Manager at the New York Public Library
* Paul Michaud, Senior Vice President of Social Media at Citi
* Jed Carlson, COO of ReverbNation
* Mary Buckley, Associate Manager of Advertising and Promotions at Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group
* Pamela Cortland, Associate Marketing Manager at Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group
Keep Up With NYPL Events
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text:
63 Orange Street Bed and Breakfast
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Day 16 - Biscayne Bay NP
... birds and a few fish and hit the road North Several of you have asked about the weather and the hurricane impacting South Carolina. So far our weather has been wonderful, with just a few scattered rain showers here and there. We ended our day in northern Florida and will hit the Carolina's tomorrow. It appears the rain is now over, so we'll see how the roads and parks faired tomorrow. T rip Totals National Parks: 13 Miles Driven: 6200 States Entered: ...
Day 15 - Monday Oct 5th
... way back to our hotel. We had dinner and drinks and The Smoking Tuna and listen to some great live music. They have a web cam always on the stage, so if you want a little taste of Key West, Google Smoking Tuna and enjoy a little of Key West. Our day ended on the beach next the hotel, sitting on chairs with our feet in the sand, looking at the stars. A short time in Key West, but we will be back. T rip Totals National Parks: 14 Miles Driven: 5316 States Entered: ...
Adventure 1.0
... br>
Had a great time. Love cooking on the gas stove ! Had a blast.
Dogs had a blast and were super tired at the end of each day.
Park was adequate. Sites are small and many spiders. Bathrooms are not walking distance. Better sites on first loop on left side as entering park.
Operation "Home For The Holidays"
... we had an "open house" at Sondra's where all the cousins and their families came for dessert. We had to return to Rachel's house to pack for our return flight.
Thrs morning we quietly loaded the car, went to Sondra's to pick up Joe's parents and headed to the airport. It's the little things: We were so thankful that this flight also had individual TV's so the kids could watch movies. This was a direct flight from Atlanta ...
... the only such display in one place in the world.
Great Down Under/Kokodo Dragon
*albino alligators – out of the bayous of Louisiana.
*red ruffed lemurs – native to Madagascar. They are beautiful, playful as they swing and dart through the branches using their long black tails. Deep red fur and striking eyes make this endangered species one of the most ...


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Sir Clive Woodward is to tough out his new role in football, despite the past fortnight of turbulence at Southampton. The club's board meets today for the first time since the storm created by the departure of Woodward's former right-hand man Simon Clifford and a discussion about internal troubles is on the agenda.
The past four months have certainly provided a testing initiation for the former England rugby union coach Woodward, but he is determined to continue working in support of the manager Harry Redknapp. A club insider said: "Clive has no regrets about coming to Southampton and enjoys working with Harry. If anything, all of this fuss will only strengthen his resolve to get on with the job."
Redknapp and Clifford have been involved in a terse public exchange over the past week, with each questioning the other's philosophy. Tensions at the club were then heightened by Southampton's remarkable capitulation against Leeds United at St Mary's Stadium last Saturday when they lost 4-3 having led 3-0. Redknapp reacted earlier this week by saying he was "sick and tired" of all the "crap" that had gone on off the pitch and urged everyone at the club to pull together. A period of quiet is now wanted by all and both Woodward and Redknapp are expected to repeat this message at the board meeting.
Despite recent events, the relationship between Redknapp and Woodward is sound. The vast majority of Woodward's work as performance director has been with the reserve and academy teams, although he has attended most first-team matches - he was at Tuesday's 1-1 draw with Hull City and travelled back with Redknapp and the players. Woodward, who recently passed his Uefa B coaching badge, has pledged also to do nothing to undermine the manager. He was, however, disappointed to see Clifford leave his job coaching some of the club's youngsters.
Redknapp has repeatedly claimed to have no problem with Woodward's role at Southampton. Clifford's departure did, though, expose wider tensions over a clash of cultures at St Mary's and there have been recent disagreements among the backroom coaching staff. Redknapp and the chairman Rupert Lowe also do not appear to share the same long-term vision. Lowe, for instance, had backed the appointment of Clifford as part of plans to revolutionise the club.


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Post by (Fullhdmovie.co/RBLRPR)
Rating: 6.3/10 From 55,140
Genres: Drama | Mystery | Romance | Thriller
Country: USA | Canada | France
Language: English
Release Date: 26 March 2010 (USA)
Director: Atom Egoyan
Writers: Erin Cressida Wilson (screenplay), Anne Fontaine (motion picture "Nathalie")
Stars: Julianne Moore, Amanda Seyfried, Liam Neeson
Duration: 96 Minutes
Size: 309MB
Catherine and David, she a doctor, he a professor, are at first glance the perfect couple. Happily married with a talented teenage son, they appear to have an idyllic life. But when David misses a flight and his surprise birthday party, Catherine's long simmering suspicions rise to the surface. Suspecting infidelity, she decides to hire an escort to seduce her husband and test his loyalty. Catherine finds herself 'directing' Chloe's encounters with David, and Chloe's end of the bargain is to report back, the descriptions becoming increasingly graphic as the meetings multiply.
Reviews: The Atom Egoyan behind Chloe is not 100% the auteur behind films like Erotica and The Sweet Hereafter, but he weaves it in the right direction, and the end result may be his most erotic film yet. Ergo, Chloe feels like enough of an Egoyan film for me to argue that going commercial is not something that will degrade the quality of his work, (although I can't say much for Where the Truth Lies.)
Download 18+ Chloe 2009 BluRay 480p 300MB Download
Download Link HD Full Movie 300MB File


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Ron: WaterMature
Ron watched the two men walk down the path, following along with a muted sense of interest. She sighed, bored, and let her eyes wander to the various roots catching in her feet.
Minutes or perhaps hours later a loud yell made her look up, only to see a commotion arising.
"Where's Jimmy?"
"He's gone!"
"Maybe some cannibals made off with 'im!"
"I think it was a ghost!"
"What kind of ghost would want that bag a bones?"
"It's the cannibals, I'm telling you!"
"But the boy had barely any meat on him!"
"Maybe bones are a delicacy for these natives!"
"I think one of those dogs carried him off!"
The entire party froze at one of the crew's declaration, quickly making a rather astute realization. Both Jonin' and Jackeye were gone. Cotton stood a moment, her jaw clenching and unclenching, and immediately set out giving orders.
"You two, comb through the forest, find Jimmy and those dirtbags. Both of you can head back where we came from, keep a look out and guard the ship once you reach it. Ron, George, you come with me this way, along the cliff, and keep your eyes peeled. Now go!"
The crew immediately scrambled off to their assigned locations, the captain quickly assuming her own. Veronica trotted along, enjoying the scenery despite the situation. The forest was filled with unfamiliar foliage, flowers the size of plates and vines that draped the trees like streamers. The path they were following was rather crude and required a large amount of hacking and chopping at the various branches flying everywhere, and various insects seemed to be buzzing in tandem, even smacking against her face and near entering her ears, but it was still exciting. An undiscovered island, uninhabited and uncivilized. It was all very...new.
Ron looked over the cliff to her right, delighting in the sight of a sparkling river gushing beneath it, gently lapping at soft, sandy banks. It was twenty feet or so below them at most, but the height was still somewhat exhilarating. Camping out in the crow's nest was much less dizzying, and much less breathtaking. The waters were wild, untamed and unkempt. Perfect.
"Look!" George suddenly shouted in his rough voice, pointing to a bundle of wet clothes and hair floating down the river.
It took Veronica a moment to realize that it was a person and, on top of that, Jackass lying face down and drifting through the water.
"He must be dead," Cotton muttered, "Or genuinely suicidal to be pulling a stunt like that. Idiot."
The trio watched him float a few moments, before being interrupted by the rustling of the trees.
"We found Jimmy!"
The cabin boy, now in the hands of his crew mates, was still loosely bound in rope and spat the gag from his mouth.
"That tub of lard, Jonin' grabbed me and tied me to a tree!"
George pointed towards the river a second time, revealing a second, plumper bundle floating down the river. Isabel took a deep breath and huffed irritably.
"Who do they think they're fooling?"
Everybody shrugged simultaneously. Cotton paused a moment, a pensive look on her face.
"We could always beat them at their own game. Who here wouldn't mind going for a dip?"
Veronica thought about the beautiful cliff and immediately volunteered herself. She rolled up her sleeves and trousers before, kicking off her shoes and tying her hair up, stood at the edge and jumped, feeling adrenaline course through her and diffuse through her entire body as she slipped silently into the river. The water was wonderful.


text: Villanova's Ijalana holds private workout for scouts http://blogs.nfl.com/2011/04/07/villanovas-ijalana-holds-private-workout-for-scouts/ Posted: April 7th, 2011 | Gil Brandt | Tags: Ben Ijalana, Villanova Villanova OL Ben Ijalana, who was unable to work out at the NFL Scouting Combine or the school's pro day, held a personal workout Wednesday for scouts indoors on FieldTurf. Ijalana (6-foot-3 5/8, 313 pounds) ran 5.25 and 5.27 seconds in the 40-yard dash, had a 25 ½-inch vertical jump and 8-9 broad jump, and ran a 4.68 short shuttle and 7.76 3-cone drill. He was unable to do the bench press because of his sports hernia. Ijalana is expected to be drafted on the second day, probably in the third round.


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InTown Suites Albuquerque
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- Free High-Speed Internet
- Wheelchair accessibility
- Kitchenette
- Free parking
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On Our Way Home!
... Because there was a significant charge to enter the pueblo, we decided against it and returned to town to find a restaurant to enjoy some Mexican fare. Having researched Trip Advisor, we chose The and had a hearty meal of chicken burritos with rice and black beans. Delicious but a lot of food! Taos, like Santa Fe, radiates out from a communal plaza (square) . All the buildings are Adobe style and house shops selling every kind of ...
The City Of Sin
... had returned. Simple things such as supermarkets and car parks were ablaze with lights and I was drawn to them like a moth. Our hotel was in the downtown region of Las Vegas, which is a bus ride away from the main area of casinos and novelty. I was pleased that we had chosen to stay in this part of town for it felt perhaps more exciting and casual. Furthermore the Mob Museum was across the road from our luxury hotel and given my obsession of Boardwalk Empire and The Godfather, ...
Going Home
... starboard side thinking that would be the least sunny if our neighbors raised their window shades. As it turned out, there was no one in three of the middle rows when we were loaded and ready for take-off. Philip slipped across the aisle to one of the empty seats to give us both more leg room. He laid down across two seats for a short nap soon after take-off and no one bothered him. I see that others have spread ...
Boys and Girls Day--Old Town & Unser Racing Museum
... de Neri Church, which was built in 1793. During our New Mexico life we used to bring visitors down and eat at La Placitas. The buildings were the original construction with white-washed adobe and the shops were full of souvenirs, candy shops and a few jewelry/pottery shops.
In the 30+ years since I last visited the buildings have been repaired or rebuilt with new stucco in earthen tones and more high-end shops. We enjoyed wandering ...
It's like night and day!
... of peppers than you can imagine, cactus leaves, yucca, tomatillos, weird roots and fuzzy fruits that I've never even heard of. It's the star wars bar of produce markets!
Laurie starts buying peppers they didn't have at the other place while I find custard filled baked goods. Laurie loads up on green chiles (frozen as they are out of season), mexican spearmint tea that she has taken a liking to this trip, cinnamon crisps (tortillas with cinnamon ...


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By David Haas
To play the media you will need to update yourFlash plugin.
SATB choir, vocal solo, keyboard accompaniment - Easy
Composed by David Haas. Christmastide, Christmas Eve, Epiphany. Sacred. Octavo. With guitar chord names. 16 pages. Published by GIA Publications (GI.G-5230).
Item Number: GI.G-5230
Language: English. Text by Shirley Erena Murray.
This poignant Shirley Erena Murray text, which reminds us that Jesus came as every child born into this world, is passionately set in song style beginning with solo and unison voices, leading to solo with rich choral backup.
A piece of substantial duration.


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S&P To Downgrade Most Of 2005-2008 CMBS Classes, Derails TALF For CMBS
The lives of the CMSA and Chris Hoeffel are about to get a whole lot more complicated. In a report issued today by S&P, titled U.S. CMBS Rating Methodology And Assumptions For Conduit/Fusion Pools Standard & Poors is issuing a Request For Comments on 'its proposed changes to its methodology and assumptions for rating U.S. commercial mortgage-backed securities. Aside from the RFC, S&P goes into detail what the changes to its rating methodology will be, and the impact from these on CMBS. The latter will immediately cause many headaches for all who rode the CMBS AAA train from 1,200 bps to 600 bps, and potentially start a selling puke shortly. In S&P's own words:
Impact On Ratings
It is likely that the proposed changes, which represent a significant change to the criteria for rating high investment-grade classes, will prompt a considerable amount of downgrades in recently issued (2005-2008 vintage) CMBS. Classes up through the most senior tranches of outstanding deals (so-called A4s, dupers, or super-duper seniors) are likely to be affected. Our preliminary findings indicate that approximately 25%, 60%, and 90% of the most senior tranches (by count) within the 2005, 2006, and 2007 vintages, respectively, may be downgraded. We believe these transactions are characterized by increasingly more aggressive underwriting than prior vintages. Furthermore, recent vintage CMBS, particularly those issued since 2006, were originated during a time of peak rents and values, and as such, may be more affected by the proposed rental declines discussed in this RFC. We are currently evaluating the impact of the potential criteria changes on conduit/fusion CMBS transactions from all vintages. Once we evaluate the potential impact on existing ratings, we expect to issue a follow-up publication to this RFC.
And all this just days after the government had finally drafted what it hoped was the last and final version of its TALF term sheet. Lets rewind: in the May 19th version of TALF, in order the be eligible, CMBS must not have a rating below the highest investment-grade rating category from any TALF CMBS-Eligibile Rating Agency. Throw in a downgrade of 90% of the 2007 vintage and it's time to go back to the drawing board.
Basically, the impending downgrade would make Super Duper CMBS ineligible for TALF. And as Zero Hedge pointed out this weekend, the collapse in all (especially AAA) CMBS spreads was predicated upon the successful implementation and execution of TALF. Now, as S&P rates about 84% of the CMBS universe, the unintended consequence of a rating agency demonstrating a little character and integrity, stands to throw the entire TALF plan into a tailspin, as even with the most recent amendments, almost all Legacy CMBS issues would become ineligible.
But have no fear: Chris Hoeffel is furiously drafting memoranda as he is squealing how this little development will destroy the universe as we know it. It is a safe bet that the Fed will come back as soon as a week from today and announce TALF 364.7, in which the requirement for a current AAA rating is eliminated altogether. In fact, as I speculated (jokingly), anything rated Default or higher will soon be perfectly eligible collateral for taxpayer funding. Because that's just how good a fiduciary of taxpayer money the Federal Reserve is.


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Customise Your Own Surfboard - Voucher
Customise your surfboard, dude! Catch a wave in your own unique style with a board from Bondi brand, Disrupt. This voucher can be redeemed at the Disrupt. website, where you add your name and whatever text you wish to a surfboard.
What's Included?
- A gift certificate valued at $549 to redeem on the Disrupt. website
Once you have purchased this gift certificate through the RedBalloon website, you will receive a gift voucher via email directly from Disrupt within 24-48 hours from purchase.
Whether you are buying a surfboard for yourself or for someone else, this voucher is essentially your ticket to start creating your dream board.
So we can ensure your voucher is perfectly presented, we will ask your for the recipient's name, email address and their postal address; just in case you wish them to receive a physical voucher as well.
- Using Disrupt.'s website, you can choose the shape of your board, ensuring a better fit for your surfing style and ability
- The final touch is your name, which will be printed on the stinger of your board
You can choose for the board to be hand delivered through a specialist courier or to be picked up direct from the shaping room, this can be decided when you are on Disrupt.'s website. Delivery is not included in the voucher value, as the surfboard is a large and heavy item, postage price can vary from $49 to $100. Your custom surfboard, usually takes 4-5 weeks to make and deliver.


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Hello. Sign In
Please enter a valid city, state or zip code
3 reviews | 1 out of 5
Like the other review, I too am shocked... never bothered to read any reviews...
what could go wrong with just brass shower rings... I'll tell you, only two
showed up in a much larger box than the two inch tiny box with two rings...
What a disappointment... just thought naturally it would be the twelve we need...
Going to try to return them
Imagine my shock when I received the package with the curtain rings to find that there were only 2 of them in the package! Who on earth ever thought of selling only 2 rings, and at that price. I will not order anything like that again!
I made the mistake of not looking at the reviews. When I got the huge box at my door with the tiny package with only 2 rings I assumed they were on back order. Nope...$9 for 2 rings, they are nice though and I hung one on each side of my shower curtain along with my set of 12 from Ace hardware for $12. I figure the more 1 star reviews showing the more someone would be likely to click to read these before buying.


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Operations and Information Management is about getting things done right with high quality in minimum time and with as little waste and expense. Superior management of the operations function is vital in all types of businesses today due to the increasing demand for successful project management, continuous business process improvement, better quality, better customer service, and intense time-based competition. The Operations and Information Management program provides an in-depth study of the major concepts and tools in the theory and application of modern Operations and Information Management techniques such as project management, quality management, forecasting techniques, service and product design, supply chain management and logistics.
Graduates in the field have a wide variety of opportunities to work (or to own a business) across the manufacturing and service industries, in the private and public sector such as health care, aerospace, retail, petrochemicals, banks, insurance, fast moving goods, technology, etc. This is why, through the program's interdisciplinary curriculum, students will develop skills and gain knowledge mainly in the field of Operations and Information management but also in liberal arts and the other business functions such as human resource management, marketing and finance.
VisionWe aspire to be an internationally recognized and revered program that nurtures highly qualified women in the Operations and Information Management field
MissionThe Department of Operations and Information Management aims at developing competence in operations and information management for female students and at graduating proficient individuals who could contribute effectively to local Saudi and international organizations through the use of state of the art Information and Operation Management techniques. The department is therefore committed to continuously improving the quality of the program and to encouraging applied research activities which support the growth of the community while respecting its ethical values.


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Associated Press | Last updated February 02, 2013
David Beckham has won league championships in three countries on two continents, earns millions of dollars in endorsements and his name is practically synonymous with celebrity itself. He has his own cologne, for goodness sake. So why is he even bothering to sit on the bench for the Paris Saint-Germain football club? His royal highness of football doesn't need the money - and he's said he'll donate his PSG salary to charity - but he does need to start thinking about life after the game. At 37, Beckham is practically a dinosaur for the sport, and he acknowledged in his welcoming press conference on Thursday that he probably won't be in the team's starting lineup. Instead, Beckham may be beginning to put in place a plan for life after the final whistle. Ellis Cashmore, a sociologist who writes about sports and media culture at Staffordshire University, said that prolonged exposure is always useful to celebrities building empires. In that way, the deal with PSG does double work: It k...
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One of my favourite photography-related quotes comes from one of my all time favourite photographers, the photojournalist David Alan Harvey. "Don't shoot what it looks like. Shoot what it feels like." This is what I am constantly striving to do. When I take a photo, I don't just want it to be sharp and well composed. I need to feel something too.
That's one of the reasons I'm so excited to share the amazing wedding of Gemma and Aaron. Every wedding has a different mood; a different feeling to it. Trying to convey that mood is one of the challenges that keeps me going as a wedding photographer. And the incredible mood of this wedding is … well it's not something I can put into words. If I could, I wouldn't need to take photos.
To get a sense of that mood, hang around for a bit and look at some photos. And check out the slideshow. You really don't want to miss the slideshow.
Make up and hair: Mae You Be
Venue: Athol Hall
Celebrant: Laura Craddock
Band: The Swinging Gypsies
DJ: Above and Beyond
Car: London Cab Company
Bride's dress: Elizabeth Dye (Etsy)
Bridesmaids' dresses: Review
Groom's suit: Roger David
Groomsmen's suits: Roger David


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Sacred Heart
For Mass Times please see our Weekly Newsletter
St Anne
Events in May 2017
- There are no events scheduled during this period.
The text from the latest postings on the facebook page of Pope Francis can be read here
A new Visitors Book has been added to the site, we would be grateful of you could record your visit by making an entry
The website is under constant construction so if you have anything you think should be included, or you spot any mistakes (there will be some!), please get in touch and let me know via our Contact Page
Time and Temperature
In the North West of England
You are visitor number
to our site since February 2001


text:
- AEROJET ROCKETDYNE15.Dec 2015
- Employee
Company culture
More work is necessary here. Top level management has made some arbitrary decisions with bad results. Recent change of the very top management has had a large increase in morale
Support from Management
Few bad apples but managers generally care for their employees. management is a little limited by resources so it can get a little too focused on the immediate needs or short term goals of the team and not enough for long term goals or the best for the company in general.


text:
Bookseller Image
Bibliographic Details
Title: Lettres a la Presidente et poesies ...
Publisher: La Bibliotheque Privee
Publication Date: 1968
Binding: Hardcover
Book Condition: Fine
Edition: First Edition.
Paris, 1968. 8vo, cloth, 199 pp. Couverture rigide. No. 4726 of a limited edition. A scarce, privately pressed edition of Gautier's letters and poems. Includes a section of photographs. An unread copy, as new. Une rare edition, presse privee des lettres et des poemes de Gautier. Comprend une section de photographies. Une copie non lu, comme neuf. Bookseller Inventory # 11642
Payment Methods
This bookseller accepts the following methods of payment:
AbeBooks Bookseller Since: April 26, 2011
Bookseller Rating:
We guarantee the condition of every book as it's described on the Abebooks web sites. If you're dissatisfied with your purchase (Incorrect Book/Not as Described/Damaged) or if the order hasn't arrived, you're eligible for a refund within 30 days of the estimated delivery date. If you've changed your mind about a book that you've ordered, please use the Ask bookseller a question link to contact us and we'll respond within 2 business days.
Auger Down Books
Marco Panella
1505 Ames Hill Rd.
Shipping costs are based on books weighing 2.2 LB, or 1 KG. If your book order is heavy or oversized, we may contact you to let you know extra shipping is required.
Store Description: A small and highly selective bookseller. Our specialties are academic and scholarly titles, bibliography, history, fiction & poetry, plates and illustrated books, African-Americana and Americana. We grade very conservatively and guarantee all our orders. We are members of the ABAA and ILAB. Thanks for looking!


text:
Need private lab testing in East Hampton, CT? Simply order private lab testing online and get tested at a lab near you (Find More Locations):
How much does Private Lab Testing cost?
Our prices for Private Lab Testing in East Hampton, CT include the doctor's order that you need to get tested, all lab fees and taxes, and a pdf copy of your results. For current prices, please CLICK HERE.
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- About this Journal ·
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Abstract and Applied Analysis
Volume 2013 (2013), Article ID 763630, 10 pages
General Formulation of Second-Order Semi-Lagrangian Methods for Convection-Diffusion Problems
1Department of Mathematics and Information, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
2Department of Mathematics and Information Science, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
Received 18 October 2012; Accepted 7 December 2012
Academic Editor: Xinguang Zhang
Copyright © 2013 Xiaohan Long and Chuanjun Chen. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
The general formulation of the second-order semi-Lagrangian methods was presented for convection-dominated diffusion problems. In view of the method of lines, this formulation is in a sufficiently general fashion as to include two-step backward difference formula and Crank-Nicolson type semi-Lagrangian schemes as particular ones. And it is easy to be extended to higher-order schemes. We show that it maintains second-order accuracy even if the involved numerical characteristic lines are first-order accurate. The relationship between semi-Lagrangian methods and the modified method of characteristic is also addressed. Finally convergence properties of the semi-Lagrangian finite difference schemes are tested.


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Stylish Apartment in Centre (Apt. 7)
Størrelse55 m²
Etasje6(med heis)
- Familie / Barne vennlig
- Kjøkken
- Parkering tilgjengelig
- Heis i bygningen
- Internett/WiFi
- Håndklær
- Vaskemaskin / tørketrommel
Oversikt over eiendommen
|Heinrich-Heine-Straße, 10179 Berlin, Tyskland
|Eiendoms ID
|Innen noen få timer
|Kalender oppdatert
|I dag
You'll have your own parking space right at the building for 70€ per month (on demand). Living area with large window front (great view for small children too, because the windows extend down to the floor). There are 2 bedrooms (2 rooms with a double bed). A fully equipped kitchen so you can prepare your meals. Bathroom (bath/WC) with large mirror and hairdryer. Free, fast WLAN. Every guest will receive a free pair of cosy, disposable slippers. Bath and hand towels, organic soap and washing up liquid, toilet paper. Ironing board and iron (on demand).
Your apartment is located in the city centre in the 'Mitte' district. Alexanderplatz, the government quarter, the beautiful boulevard 'Unter den Linden' with the State Opera, the Brandenburg Gate, and the Museum Island are easy to reach from here. You will live close to many sights and attractions that Berlin offers.
The apartment is on the 6th floor.
The underground station U8 Heinrich-Heine-Strasse (direct connections to Alexanderplatz, Rosenthaler Platz, Kottbusser Tor) is located in the immediate vicinity of the building. You can walk to Alexanderplatz in 10 minutes and can still live in a quiet area.
It is easy to reach the apartment by car and your own, free parking space is right at the building. You can reach the following stations on foot within 2-5 minutes: U2 Märkisches Museum (direct connection to Potsdamer Platz, Alexanderplatz). S Jannowitzbrücke (direct connection to Hauptbahnhof, Friedrichstrasse, Ostbahnhof, Hackescher Markt).
The apartment is located in a quiet, family-friendly neighbourhood. You can relax here in peace after a long outing to discover the capital city. Shopping (supermarket, baker, late-night shopping) is located just around the corner and is marked clearly on a map of the surroundings in the apartment.
More activities in the immediate vicinity: children's playground; parking facility; restaurants; cafés; clubs (Tresor, Watergate, Berghain); bars.
We speak German, English, Spanish, and Russian. Personal welcome on your arrival day. Contact us 24 hours a day. You are on holiday; let us do the work. Final cleaning is included.
We look forward to hearing from you. :)
HusreglerWe ask for an advance deposit of 250 euros. We will reimburse the deposit right after your stay if there weren't any damages nor noise disturbances. Families with small children live in this building. Please keep quiet after 10 pm.
The apartment is a no-smoking area. We offer peace and quiet in the city, for you and our neighbours. For this reason, parties or noise are not welcome.
|Månedlig rate for opptil 2 gjester
|Maksimum netter
|6 months
|Innsjekking etter
|Check-in før
|Etter avtale
|Utsjekking før
Vurdering av denne eiendommen
The apartment was in a great position and with the view as advertised. 10-15 minutes walk from Alexanderplatz meant easy walking to a hub of activity. Internet access was slow but you can get this free in all restaurants and bars. Thoroughly recommend this apartment.
Fine appartment for a short stay. The appartment is not ment for stays where you want to cook at home every evening You can cook simple meal, but not more.
Good location for exploring the city. Multiple transportation possibilities within a short walk.
The "stylish" means IKEA.
Only problem was that when we were running late, the guy who should let us in did not answer to our text-messages, so he was leaving when we arrived 15 minutes after expected arrival. Two minutes later, and we would never have gotten the key.
Directions should say that the door is not on Heinrich-Heine Strasse, but on the back of the building.
clean. close. cosy. just next to Alexanderplatz. with absolutely no doubts to recommend!!!
Very nice apartment and a good location. We liked the neighbourhood and the closeness to other neigbourhoods worth seeing. Several metro stations very close by. Also a very fluent communication with Benjamin + Team!
Nice, clean appartment in a quiet neigbourhood next to Alexanderplatz.
Could not be better.
Vielen vielen Dank für den netten Empfang.
War toll bei Euch !
Schöne gepflegte Wohnung und super Lage !
Yuri ,Uwe und Jannik
Das Appartment ist zweckmäßig eingerichtet und reicht für einen Kurzurlaub vollkommen aus. Wir waren zufrieden.
Optimal ist die Nähe zu diversen Supermärkten und Zur U-Bahn.
- Kvalitetssikret innkvartering
- Hver vert er verifisert via telefon
- Sikker betaling med SSL-kryptering


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Yale University offers exciting opportunities for achievement and growth in New Haven, Connecticut. Conveniently located between Boston and New York, New Haven is the creative capital of Connecticut with cultural resources that include three major museums, a critically-acclaimed repertory theater, state-of-the-art concert hall, and world-renowned schools of Architecture, Art, Drama, and Music.
General Purpose: Reporting to the Senior Regulatory Analyst, the Regulatory Analyst is responsible for processing, reviewing, and finalizing approval of research protocols that involve human subjects. Responsible for appropriately coordinating and documenting the review of ongoing research that is conducted by a fully convened IRB, or by other review methods. Responsible for researching and interpreting applicable federal regulations and guidelines and ethical principles and applying them to the review of human subjects research to ensure the protection of research participants and the appropriate conduct of research. Responsible for communicating such information to researchers and their staff.
Required Education and Experience: Bachelor's Degree in related field and three years of related work experience or an equivalent combination of education and experience.
Application: For more information and immediate consideration, please apply online at http://bit.ly/2pDm05h. Please be sure to reference this website when applying for this position.
We invite you to discover the excitement, diversity, rewards and excellence of a career at Yale University. One of the country's great workplaces, Yale University offers exciting opportunities for meaningful accomplishment and true growth. Our benefits package is among the best anywhere, with a wide variety of insurance choices, liberal paid time off, fantastic family and educational benefits, a variety of retirement benefits, extensive recreational facilities, and much more.
Yale University considers applicants for employment without regard to, and does not discriminate on the basis of an individual's sex, race, color, religion, age, disability, status as a veteran, or national or ethnic origin; nor does Yale discriminate on the basis of sexual orientation or gender identity or expression.


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Good afternoon,
I am convinced there is a bug with the search functionality in Spiceworks. Periodically when performing a search the application will crash on my server. After such a crash I am unable to restart the application at all, it simply hangs on the splash screen. I troubleshot this in another thread and finally figured out how to get the application to start again. The software must be uninstalled, the computer rebooted, the application reinstalled and then started. After starting up once I can copy my backed up data files into the installation directory and be ok for a while.
I am not sure why this is occuring, but it always happens while performing a search. Does anyone have any ideas or has anyone else experienced this?
1 Reply
Jun 7, 2008 at 1:06 UTC
Hi Vale,
Can you please send in a support request to firstname.lastname@example.com. Please reference this thread and send in your Log Files so that support can help diagnosis the issue.


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2009 Admission PRICED HELD once again for 2011!
6 ALL NEW attractions! (5 evening*/1 daytime)
New Licensed BLOODY MARY'S BAR open every evening!
Timed entry means virtually NO QUEUES!**
Range of DISCOUNTS available!
The scream park worth SCREAMING about!
Following two years of terror, Scare Kingdom Scream Park - www.scarekingdom.com, near Preston in Lancashire, will re-open its doors for its third year of fear on selected dates between Friday October 21st and Saturday November 5th 2011.
Located at Hawkshaw Farm Park, on the A59 between Blackburn and Preston, the park offers a fiendish feast of heart-pumping attractions that will delight thrill seekers, families and children. Created by the twisted minds at AtmosFEAR! Entertainment Group - www.atmosfearuk.com, Lancashire's masters of the macabre, Scare Kingdom Scream Park 2011 promises more attractions than ever before.
With six all new attractions, timed entry meaning no queuing and a range of devilish discounts, Scare Kingdom Scream Park is the North West's true home of Halloween this year!
After the sell out success of 2009 and 2010, an appearance on BBC1's Countryfile and more recently Virgin 1's Duncan Bannatyne's Seaside Rescue, the scream team behind the park are pushing all known boundaries for 2011 combining claustrophobia, physical contact and state of the art special effects to create an extreme scream experience at night, and a family friendly treat during the day.
Planning for the park's third season began in October 2010, under the guidance of Creative Director and TV presenter Jason Karl, he said "this year looks set to be our scariest yet, with a whole host of horrifying attractions to entertain every type of guest, from those seeking a heart pounding fear fest, to those seeking light hearted spooky fun, Scare Kingdom caters for all, and is currently the UK's only scream park offering all new attractions each and every year".
During the October half term, Scare Kingdom opens daily when the emphasis is on fun rather than fear and delivers Halloween entertainment designed for those aged 10 and under.
Taking place in The Purple Pumpkin Theatre, Hocus Pocus - Magic is Alive! invites guests to join
Haunted House Online is the biggest website on the web to help you find haunted houses, haunted house by state, city or by zip code. HauntedHouseOnline.com also features thousands of haunted hayrides, Halloween attractions, corn mazes, ghost tours, haunted tours and much more. HauntedHouseOnline.com also includes trick or treat safety tips, free pumpkin carving patterns, haunted news, horror movie reviews, featured articles on haunted attractions and links to vendors, other haunt related websites and so much more. Guests can also create accounts on Hauntworld.com and rate, review their favorite local haunted houses. Create an account today and start rating and reviewing haunted houses. Hauntworld.com publishs a magazine called Hauntworld Magazine which you can subscribe at www.Hauntedhousemagazine.com. Hauntworld is also a proud supporter of HHA (www.hauntedhouseassociation.org). Haunted House Online also supports several haunted house tradeshows and you can find a complete list of upcoming trades on our haunted house tradeshow page. Hauntworld.com and HauntedHouseOnline.com are the most advanced haunted house website on the planet featured on www.Google.com, www.Yahoo.com, www.USAtoday.com, and has been featured on Travel Channel, National Geographic, HIstory Chanel and every Food TV. Find haunted houses, scariest and best, Zombie Runs, Halloween Attractions, Haunted Hayrides, Horror events, tradeshows and much more.


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Is it safe to cook frozen pork?
On One Hand: It Is Safe in Most CasesAccording to the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), frozen pork may need to be cooked for up to 50 percent longer than defrosted pork. Pork should ...
Read More »
Can I cook frozen pork?
On One Hand: You Can Cook Frozen PorkAccording to the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Food Safety and Inspection Service, you can cook frozen pork in most instances. However, frozen ...
Read More »
How long do I cook frozen pork chops?
It is best to cook thawed pork chops, but it is safe to cook frozen pork chops. Allow 50 percent longer than normal cooking time and use a meat thermometer to test for doneness (325 degrees F). Th...
Read More »
Can pork chops be frozen?
On One Hand: Fresh Pork Chops Can Be FrozenThe United States Department of Agriculture recommends that fresh pork chops be frozen at 0 degrees Fahrenheit. When frozen at this temperature, pork chop...
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How long can pork be frozen?
How long frozen pork remains unspoiled depends on what type you have, according to Ask The Meatman. Pork chops can remain in a freezer for up to eight months. Pork sausages stay fresh for as long a...
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text:
Lead Masters Magnum Squid Jigs
Sale price: Clearance price: Starting at: Sale starting at: Clearance starting at: Reg. price:
Magnum Squid Jigs feature lead weights and they glow in the dark! If you're jigging for squid, Magnum Squid Jigs get the job done. They work especially well at night or in deep water. Jig it or cast it.
- Glow in the dark
- Weighted
- Great at night or in deep water
Outdoor Answers
Get help about this item from fellow customers.
Ask your questions. Share your answers.
how does this work?
does it work off a pier?
1) daytime - offshore on a dropper loop above a terminal bank sinker weight like a bait rig for bottom fish. Drop into the middle of a bait ball or beneath a feeding frenzy and bounce it or
2) at night when squid rise to boat lights and are visible at the surface - with light spnning gear. You cast out beyond the lights and retrieve slowly - they tend to hit at the edge of the illumination. This would work fine from a pier if you see squid.
Either way, once they hit, just keep pressure on the line and reel fast. I remove the squid by grabbing the top of the jig and jerking it downwards a few inches over a bait well so the squid comes loose and falls into the water. Keep the cover on the bait well, squid can shoot up out of the water several feet!
Need Help? 7 days a week: 7am to 10pm CT or call 1.800.227.7776 anytime


text:
TOKYO (AFP) – Japanese clothing giant Uniqlo on Thursday pledged to improve working conditions at its Chinese suppliers and beef up monitoring following claims that the firms were putting employees at risk.
The chain's parent company Fast Retailing said it was ushering in changes after the Hong Kong-based Students and Scholars Against Corporate Misbehaviour (SACOM) released a study this week that said factory conditions were unsafe and workers were mistreated.
"Respecting human rights and ensuring appropriate working conditions for the workers of our production partners are top priorities for Fast Retailing, and in this we are completely aligned with SACOM," said a statement issued Thursday.
"Fast Retailing has urged swift action against the factories on the issues identified in the SACOM report, and we will cooperate fully with them to ensure that improvements are made.
"Together with third parties, including auditors and NGOs (non-governmental organisations), we will check progress within one month," it added.
The report accused Uniqlo of buying from two suppliers – Pacific Textiles and Dongguan Tomwell Garment Co – in China's southern Guangdong province that made employees work long hours for low pay in unsafe conditions.
It said the firms neglected work safety, with sewage on the factory floor, extremely high temperatures and poor ventilation.
The group, which carried out a months-long investigation last year, said one employee worked up to 14 hours per day, ironing between 600 and 700 shirts, for wages of 0.29 yuan ($0.05) per shirt, it said.
Fast Retailing said the suppliers had been "instructed" to reduce working hours, improve conditions, and change their management style, including getting rid of fines and other punishments levelled against workers.
The company said it would ask for a "government authority to immediately conduct a thorough check of air quality".
However, Uniqlo's parent also said its own probe "revealed a number of points which contradict" the rights group's findings, and added that it had little power to boost wages at the factories.
"Fast Retailing will continue with its own independent inspection and plans to engage in dialogue with SACOM to seek further clarification," it said.


text:
Arthur Christmas
(U) 97mins
IS November too early for a Christmas movie?
Well not if they're as entertaining as this from Aardman studios — the gang
behind Wallace & Gromit.
Sure, it might have dispensed with the charming plasticine models in favour of
slick 3D animation.
But with an excellent British voice cast, including James McAvoy, Jim
Broadbent and Bill Nighy, this delivers laughs and a big dollop of Christmas
The film's jumping-off point is the age-old question: "How can Santa deliver
all the presents in just one night?"
Turns out Santa (Broadbent) has very little to do with it, having handed the
reins of his sleigh to his eldest son Steve (Hugh Laurie).
Steve promptly replaced said sleigh with a giant spaceship (think a big, red
Imperial Star Destroyer) and treats present-delivering with cold, military
precision, reminding the elf crew on his hi-tech bridge "Christmas is no
time for emotion!"
But when one girl is accidently missed, Steve puts it down to an acceptable
margin of error, and it's up to younger brother Arthur (McAvoy) — who still
views Christmas with wide-eyed wonderment — to ensure she wakes up with her
Arthur himself is actually the weakest character in the film, his bouncy
enthusiasm for the big day soon begins to wear.
Thankfully he spends most of the film paired up with the cantankerous old
Grand Santa (Nighy) who's full of charming one-liners like "They used to say
it was impossible to teach women to read."
Granted the road trip the duo take to deliver the present takes a few wrong
turns but it would take the Grinch himself not to be a little bit moved by
the old-fashioned Christmas message of what really matters at this time of
A smart script — that sees kids asking why they can't find Santa's North Pole
home on Google Earth — wrapped up in some nifty 3D visuals make this a
highly enjoyable early Christmas present.
Alex co-hosts Sky's weekly film show 35mm with fellow presenter and film
fanatic Robyn Bright, Fridays at 7.30pm on Sky Movies Showcase HD and
Saturdays at midday on Sky 1 HD.


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Let us know when your receive great advice so we can thank our lawyers and point others with similar questions in the right direction.Got it!
In my medical malpractice case I have extreme mental anguish/emotional distress but mild physical damage.
Does that effect the merit/strength/worth of the case?
Your physical injury is the primary component. Search Avvo for a med mal lawyer in your city and call to find out if the potential recovery would exceed the costs of a medical malpractice lawsuit.
Click on name or picture to see profile page.Ask a similar question
I don't think that can be answered without more information.
Have you ever wondered why most of Mr. Lassen's answers are one sentence with the majority being contact an attorney on AVVO? Unfortunately, this is a disservice to questioners on this site.
I am licensed in Nevada, but this answer may apply in Vermont as well.
Mr. Lassen's answer is misleading. The value of every claim depends on specific facts. For instance, Let's say a 10 year old boy needs a surgery as a result of a doctor's malpractice and there is no fear associated with the surgery and the surgery is not very invasive and the boy has a car and, in the words of Bart Simpson "A scar....COOL!". So not too many damages - either physical or emotional.
Take a woman who has a similar situation including a similar scar, but the scar is on her face and her looks are very important to her. The emotional damages would be greater for this woman than for the boy. As I noted in response to Mr. Lassen's "answer", the damages you incurred as a result of the doctor's malpractice are extremely fact specific.
Hope this helps.
/s Donald Kudler
This answer does not create an attorney client relationship and does not constitute legal advice, but is solely the opinion of a Nevada Attorney.Ask a similar question
Generally speaking the entire pattern of the case affects its merit.
Emotional distress is usually more subjective than physical harm and therefore seen in a more skeptical light.
You should understand that, at least here in Vermont, medical malpractice cases are very aggressively defended.
In Vermont, most experienced lawyers in the field will only take cases where liability is strong and the damages are serious.
You should understand that your claim will be barred by the mere passage of time under the applicable statute of limitations, unless filed before the statute expires.
I don't know enough to offer specific legal advice about your case. This is intended as general information, and not as legal advice. By providing information in response to your question, I am not accepting a lawyer-client relationship with you, and therefore this communication is not necessarily covered by the attorney-client privilege.Ask a similar question
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It is still 10 years away, but the battle to become host of the 2018 World Cup is well under way.
Yahoo soccer guru Martin Rogers laid out a very thorough story on what should be a potentially great battle between the United States and England for the right to host the 2018 World Cup.
US Soccer president Sunil Gulati wowed English press with the particulars of what could be a USA bid for the 2018 World Cup. I'm sure it was impressive, having heard a similar presentation from Gulati before February's match between the United States and Mexico in Houston. In short, the USA bid for the World Cup will be as strong as any other bid placed and any thoughts that England was going to run away with the bid were premature.
What do you think about the United States hosting the 2018 World Cup? Share your thoughts below.
The way I see it is that FIFA owes us one after bailing them out when China got SARS before the womens world cup. The stats on capacity are overwhelming in US favor. I still don't think we will get it.
The WC in 2018 would be another great boost for soccer in the US and MLS. By 20018 the league could be up to 20 teams, there could be a great partnership between the MLS and the USL (a three teir association), and the fan based could be double what it is today. This WC could put the soccer as a top sport in the US.
i would love to see the u.s. host the world cup in 2018 and i think we have as good a chance as anyone else.
for those of you in love with how good england's railway system is, consider that all of the united kingdom is probably smaller than the state of texas. it's not a very big country in terms of land size! if the entire world cup was held in one state, it might be possible to have a great railway system there too. i've also heard that the railway system is quite expensive ($200 one way to go from london to northern england), this is more expensive than taking jet blue in the u.s. or at least it used to be. if you consider a round trip ticket on a railway in england at $400, although efficient, it's quite expensive.
With FIFA it usually is about money. And the money they can make in the USA is much greater than any where else in the world. The US cities would be competing against each other to host the event, which would not take place in AUS or ENG because of the limited number of locations. In ENG there may be 15 cities vying for some piece of the pie, in AUS 8? In the US there could be 50 plus venues and cities capable of hosting the games, each wanting the international spotlight.