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The Fact Checker: 1 Pinocchio
Club for Growth's attack on a GOP lawmaker
Last week, we handed Two Pinocchios to Rep. Mike Simpson (R-Idaho) for his claim that he voted to "repeal and repay" the Troubled Assets Relief Program (a.k.a., "the Wall Street bailout") because he had actually voted for TARP in the first place — a fact not disclosed in his campaign literature or his ads. Simpson made the ad in response to the Club for Growth, which has highlighted Simpson's original vote for TARP — and his frequent defense of that vote until he faced a serious challenge this year. The Club for Growth is backing Simpson's primary challenger, Bryan Smith.
Edward Snowden's claim that he had 'no proper channels' for protection as a whistleblower
"I had reported these clearly problematic programs to more than 10 distinct officials, none of whom took any action to address them. As an employee of a private company rather than a direct employee of the U.S. government, I was not protected by U.S. whistleblower laws, and I would not have been protected from retaliation and legal sanction for revealing classified information about lawbreaking in accordance with the recommended process.
The latest Super PAC attack against Mitt Romney
"Mitt Romney. He made millions off of companies that went bankrupt while workers lost promised health and retirement benefits.
"His own tax return from last year reveals he made $21 million, yet paid a lower tax rate than many middle-class families.
"Now Romney's proposing a huge new $150,000 tax cut for the wealthiest 1 percent, while cutting Medicare and education for us.
"Mitt Romney. If he wins, we lose."
— Voiceover of a new television ad by Priorities USA Action
This television ad, by the pro-Obama Super PAC Priorities USA Action, poses a unique challenge for this column because each of the statements uttered within its 30 seconds has a ring of truth. Of course, it paints each of these facts in the most negative light possible, without any balance, but that's their prerogative.
The ad also repeatedly shows an image of a youthful Romney with dollars stuffed in his pockets — a 27-year-old photo that was shot as part of a promotional effort for a relatively new company, Bain Capital, that Romney headed at the time. The ad at one point even photoshops an image of an older Romney, a rather cheesy maneuver that recently was mocked by our friends over at Flackcheck.org.
Here's some context for the claims made in the ad.
"He made millions off of companies that went bankrupt while workers lost promised health and retirement benefits."
That's the dark side of Romney's business career at Bain Capital, which he would argue on balance helped create jobs for workers. (We had earlier taken Romney to task for claiming he created 100,000 jobs without mentioning the ones that had been lost.)
Obama and new pipelines that 'circle the Earth'
"Under my administration … we've added enough oil and gas pipeline to circle the Earth and then some."
— President Obama, remarks on oil and gas subsidies, March 29, 2012
A number of readers have asked about this claim by the president, wondering if it was correct.
Well, yes, but it's kind of meaningless — and it's missing some important context.
Obama clearly made this claim in order to rebut suggestions that the administration is opposed to building pipelines, principally the Keystone XL pipeline. We have explored some of the erroneous claims made about that pipeline project before.
But is the president straining too hard with this claim? Let's explore.
The Facts
The circumference of the Earth at the equator is 24,091.55 miles, so we will use that as our guidepost.
Who has the better regulatory record — Obama or Bush?
"Over the Obama administration's first three years, the net benefits of regulations reviewed by OIRA and issued by executive agencies exceeded $91 billion — 25 times the corresponding number in the [George W.] Bush administration and more than eight times the corresponding number in the Clinton administration."
"In the last 10 fiscal years, the highest costs were imposed in 2007. The last three years of the Bush administration saw higher regulatory costs than the first three years of the Obama administration. If you're looking for the year with the highest regulatory costs on record, you'll have to go all the way back to 1992, under President George H.W. Bush."
— From an op-ed in the Chicago Tribune by White House regulatory chief Cass Sunstein, March 19, 2012
"In terms of just the facts, the Obama administration's issued fewer final rules in the first three years than the [George W. Bush] administration did in the first three years.
— Sunstein during Politico breakfast, March 20, 2012
The president's opponents have accused him of stunting the economic recovery with a barrage of harmful new regulations ranging from a supposed "permatorium" on offshore oil drilling to stricter rules aimed at reducing farm dust — neither of which has actually taken effect during Obama's term.
Cass Sunstein, who heads the Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs in the White House budget office, argued against these critics in a Chicago Tribune opinion article titled "Why regulations are good — again." He wrote that the number of new rules has decreased under President Obama and that estimated net monetary benefits of major rules has reached a staggering level in comparison with the first three years of the previous two administrations.
We don't take issue with Sunstein defending the president's regulatory policies. He has every right to do that, especially if he provides valid data to back up his claims — which he did in this case. But his op-ed, along with all the numbers he mentioned, suggest that the current administration has achieved far greater results than those of the past 20 years. He was especially hard on the Bushes in this regard.
We reviewed Sunstein's claims to find out whether his figures tell the whole story. (Note: all figures are inflation-adjusted 2001 numbers and the years mentioned are fiscal years that end on Sept. 30.)
The Facts
Obama has issued several executive orders directing federal agencies to avoid redundant, conflicting and excessively burdensome regulations, presumably to avoid any chilling effect that such rules would have on an already mild economic recovery. The past three presidents have issued similar orders.
Is the health care law already running a deficit?
Sen. Ron Johnson (R-Wisc.): "The original estimate for deficit reduction in the first 10 years was $143 billion, correct?"
HHS Secretary Kathleen Sebelius: "Yes–"
Johnson: "So now we, we've reduced that $143 billion by $86 billion – by not getting revenue from the CLASS Act – and now $111 billion because we've increased the mandatory costs of the exchanges, correct?"
Sebelius: "I'm assuming the numbers are correct. I'm sorry I don't have them."
Johnson: "So, when you add those together, that's $197 billion added to the first 10-year cost estimate of Obamacare, so now we are instead of saving $143 billion, we are adding $54 billion to our deficit, correct?"
Sebelius: "Sir, I –"
Johnson: "We'll submit that to the record. But, that's basically true. So instead of saving $143 billion, by this administration's own figures and budget, we're now adding $54 billion to our deficit in the first 10 years."
— Exchange during congressional hearing, March 7, 2012
A reader asked us to fact-check these claims by Sen. Johnson, a trained accountant who won election in part on clever ads that played up his experience in the real world of budget numbers. (See ad at bottom of the column.)
Secretary Sebelius certainly appears to be a bit clueless as Johnson tosses a bunch of numbers at her, clearly trying to show that the Obama health care law is now projected to show a deficit. But he gets his own facts and figures mixed up, as we will demonstrate.
To the senator's credit, he called us directly to talk through these numbers and conceded that some may not add up.
"I am not hung up in the math here," he said, saying that his larger point is that "previous estimates of entitlements have been wildly underestimated." He cited, as an example, a McKinsey Quarterly study concluding that the Congressional Budget Office vastly underestimated how many employers will stop offering insurance as a result of the health care law, which has the potential to increase the cost of the law.
"It is the large numbers, not the small numbers" that are important, Johnson said, and it "is my job to press administration officials" for more information. He noted that Sebelius said she assumed the numbers he used were correct. (Note to Secretary Sebelius: Don't assume the numbers are correct when you aren't really sure.)
The Facts
When the health care law was passed, the Congressional Budget Office estimated that it would reduce the deficit by $143 billion over ten years. That number has been controversial ever since the estimate was released, and we certainly acknowledge it should be accepted with a large caveat. Such ten-year figures are subject to change, and depend greatly on assumptions that may or may not be sound.
Obama's $8,000 in gas savings a year — oops, over a car's life
PRESIDENT OBAMA: "Now, because of these new standards for cars and trucks, they're going to — all going to be able to go further and use less fuel every year. And that means pretty soon you'll be able to fill up your car every two weeks instead of every week — and, over time, that saves you, a typical family, about $8,000 a year."
AUDIENCE MEMBER: "We like that."
OBAMA: "You like that, don't you?"
AUDIENCE: "Yes!"
OBAMA: "Eight thousand dollars — that's no joke. … It looks like somebody might have fainted up here."
— Exchange during President Obama's speech in Mount Holly, N.C., March 7, 2012
It is certainly possible to get carried away at a rally with adoring supporters. And every politician misspeaks from time to time. But these remarks stand out because the president engaged in conversation with the audience about his figure – savings of $8,000 a year in gasoline costs – and declared "that's no joke."
Oops. No wonder folks were fainting. The average annual cost for gasoline is less than $3,000, according to the Consumer Federation of America.
Let's take a closer look at this figure.
The Facts
To be fair to the president, he has gotten this $8,000 figure correct on a number of occasions — at least four times in the past two weeks.
Will the Keystone XL pipeline lower gasoline prices?
"The [Keystone XL] pipeline will bring secure energy to America, support the creation of thousands of jobs, and help bring down prices at the pump."
--Rep. Fred Upton (R-Mich.), chairman of the Energy and Commerce Committee, Feb. 16, 2012
We have been looking this week at various claims made by politicians on both sides of the aisle about energy prices. This comment by Rep. Upton was made after the House of Representatives passed a bill requiring swift approval of the Keystone XL pipeline, which would carry heavy crude oil from Canada's Alberta province to the Gulf Coast. (The Obama administration has claimed it needs more time to study the possible environmental impact.)
We had previously dinged both Democratic and Republican lawmakers for making outlandish claims about the number of jobs that would be created by the pipeline, but we have no dispute with Upton's "thousands of jobs." That's the right way to frame it.
But we are interested in his assertion that Keystone "will…help bring down prices at the pump." Is this correct?
The Facts
First of all, even if the Keystone XL pipeline were suddenly approved, it would not be completed until at least 2014, so building it would have no impact on gasoline prices this summer, predicted to be near record highs. We could not find any experts, even those referred to us by Upton's staff, to say that the prospect of the pipeline being built in the future would somehow impact the price of gasoline today.
Did Obama say he ranked in the top four presidents?
"Now these days when he's not spending our money or infringing on our rights, he's busy running for reelection. He believes that — did you hear this? He believes he ranks among the top four presidents in American history. Can you believe that? I'd find a different spot for him."
— Mitt Romney, Feb. 28, 2012
A reader asked us about this statement in the former Massachusetts governor's speech after his victories in the Michigan and Arizona primaries. This comment has its roots in something Obama said that caused a brief stir in the conservative blogosphere just before Christmas, so we figured it was worth exploring.
In Romney's telling, Obama comes off as an arrogant twit. So, did the president really say this?
The Facts
In December, Obama sat down for an interview with Steve Kroft of "60 Minutes." The clip in question was never aired on CBS, but the full interview was later posted on the CBS News Web site. (See below at the 55-minute mark.)
President Obama and the defense budget
"Over the next 10 years, the growth in the defense budget will slow, but the fact of the matter is this: It will still grow, because we have global responsibilities that demand our leadership. In fact, the defense budget will still be larger than it was toward the end of the Bush administration."
— President Obama, speaking at the Pentagon , Jan. 5, 2012
We've been wondering about this quote every since the president said it six weeks ago, when he spoke about the Defense Strategic Review at the Pentagon. We had previously questioned one of the statements in his speech, but we were not able to fully check this one until we could actually see the numbers in the White House budget proposal for the 2013 fiscal year released Monday.
We take no position on the right level for the defense budget. But, with numbers in hand, let's examine the president's assertions and whether there has been any sleight of hand. Warning: Lots of budget numbers ahead.
The Facts
Under the debt ceiling deal reached by the president and congressional leaders last summer, the defense budget must be cut by $487 billion over the next 10 years. Additional cuts may be mandated because a deficit-cutting congressional committee could not reach agreement, but since all concerned say they want to avoid that scenario, let's keep our focus on the initial round of defense spending reductions.
The unemployment number: Is Gingrich right that it's flawed?
"When you include the number of people who have quit looking for work because they're convinced the Obama administration's economy is so bad they can't find a job, it jumps up to about 12 percent. When you include the number of people who have part-time jobs who wish they had a full-time job, it's at 16 percent or 17 percent. I mean, this is an administration which has actually shrunk the workforce fairly dramatically. In the last year, it's the lowest male participation rate in the labor force since the 1940s — so right after World War II."
— Newt Gingrich, discussing a jobs report that showed unemployment decreases, from a "Meet the Press" interview on Feb. 5, 2012
These types of comments are typical of critics of President Obama who have brushed off recent progress in lowering the national unemployment rate. Some say the improvements are too small, but Gingrich goes a step further, suggesting unemployment doesn't gauge the true health of the job market. He recommended a few alternative measures after host David Gregory asked: "How is it that you can say this administration has not led economic recovery?"
Depending on the question, Gingrich actually has been inconsistent in his use of unemployment figures. He's used the unemployment metric to argue that he was successful as Speaker of the House during the late 1990s. He said during a Jan. 19 interview with PBS's "News Hour" that "we cut taxes in the largest capital gains tax cut in history, and the result was we got unemployment down to 4.2 percent."
If the unemployment number is good enough for Gingrich, it should be good enough for Obama. Regardless, we looked at the speaker's preferred metrics to determine whether they really paint a gloomier picture of the job market. Do they disprove the Obama supporters who say the economy is making progress?
Lori Williams of Tableau Software kindly developed some graphs for us to help readers visualize the data.
The Facts
The numbers in question come from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, which defines the unemployment rate as the percentage of people in the workforce — those who are actively seeking work — who haven't landed jobs. It does not count part-time workers or individuals who dropped out of the labor force.
President Obama's Google Plus 'hangout' claims about engineering demand
"There's a huge demand around this country for engineers. . . . Where you're seeing a lot of specialized demand is in engineering that's related to the high-tech industries."
-- President Obama, during a Google Plus video conference, Jan. 30
Obama's comments came in response to a question from Fort Worth resident Jennifer Wedel, who asked why the government has extended and continues to issue H-1B visas when people such as her engineer husband, Darin Wedel, can't find work.
The president said that not all engineering fields have equal demand at the moment but that "what the industry tells me is that they don't have enough highly skilled engineers" for work in the high-tech domain.
Obama seemed perplexed after Jennifer mentioned that her husband was a semiconductor engineer. He asked her to forward his resume and said he was interested in "finding out exactly what's happening there." We decided to look into the matter as well.
Did Obama run the most negative ads in U.S. history?
"No candidate in American history has ever run more negative ads than Barack Obama."
— Sen. Marco Rubio (R-Fla.), speaking on CNN, Jan. 31, 2012.
A reader asked us about Rubio's statement, saying, "I do not recall Obama being overly negative in his campaign."
But it appears to be an article of faith for Republicans. Joe Scarborough, a former GOP member of Congress who hosts MSNBC's "Morning Joe," declared on Wednesday: "Barack Obama won ugly in 2008; he ran more negative ads than anyone else in the history of television."
But is this really the case?
The Facts
The nasty campaign of 2008 actually was raised in one of the presidential debates at the time. Sen. John McCain of Arizona, Obama's Republican rival, complained that Obama had "spent more money on negative ads than any political campaign in history." Obama responded that almost all of McCain's ads were negative.
Pro-Gingrich cartoon ad slightly wrong about Romney
"I agree with Governor Romney on many things, for instance abortion. He was pro-choice most of his adult life, so was I. But he changed his position when he became presidential candidate Romney. Now, let's take guns. Governor Romney and I, we were in complete agreement on gun control — now that is, until he changed his mind. And on health care, well, I was so inspired by Romneycare that I nationalized it and called it Obamacare. Now presidential candidate Romney is against the individual mandate and universal health care."
— Remarks by a cartoon President Obama during a fictionalized debate with Mitt Romney, depicted in an ad from the pro-Newt Gingrich Super PAC Winning Our Future.
Gingrich describes himself as the only viable candidate left in the GOP race, and this innovative cartoon ad — the first of its kind that we've seen — feeds into that narrative, attacking one of Romney's perceived strengths: his supposed ability to challenge Obama.
The Post's Fix reports that this video is the first in a three-part series envisioning potential debates between Romney and the sitting president. It illustrates an increasingly negative strategy by Gingrich and his supporters since the candidate's lackluster finishes in the Iowa and New Hampshire primaries. The approach appears to be working, with a new CNN poll showing Romney losing ground in South Carolina — an equally likely explanation is that the other candidates are resonating with Palmetto State voters.
Santorum's erroneous marriage attack on Obama
"Elayne Bennett runs a program called Best Friends — the wife of [former Secretary of Education] Bill Bennett. And she told me through Bill that the Obama administration now has a policy — and this program is a program targeted at at-risk youth, specifically, in many cases, in the African-American community, who are at-risk young girls. The Obama administration now has regulations that tells them that they can no longer promote marriage to these young girls. They can no longer promote marriage as a way of avoiding poverty and bad choices that they make in their life. They can no longer actually even teach abstinence education. They have to be neutral with respect to how people behave."
— Rick Santorum, during the GOP debate in Myrtle Beach, S.C., Jan. 16, 2011
Santorum made these remarks in response to a question about whether "the time has come to take special steps to deal with the extraordinary level of poverty afflicting [African Americans.]" You might recall that the candidate made headlines earlier this month by bungling a statement about a related issue.
"I don't want to make peoples' lives better by giving them somebody else's money," Santorum told a group of Iowans on Jan. 1. The comment represents pretty standard conservative fare, but the former senator uttered a syllable that, to some ears, sounded like "black" before "people's lives," causing critics and the media to pounce.
Debate moderator Juan Williams may have been baiting Santorum into a race discussion, but the GOP candidate cleverly shifted the spotlight onto the Obama administration, making the type of accusation that gets a rise out of values voters.
We talked to Elayne Bennett and reviewed Obama's record on abstinence education to determine whether Santorum's debate remarks were accurate.
The Facts
The Facts
Bennett told us that no federal officials ever prohibited her organization from encouraging marriage. In fact, the federal government bankrolled the foundation's efforts to promote healthy marriages before and after Obama entered the White House, so Santorum is wrong on that account.
President Obama and the defense budget: a factoid that falls short
"And I firmly believe, and I think the American people understand, that we can keep our military strong and our nation secure with a defense budget that continues to be larger than roughly the next 10 countries combined."
— President Obama, remarks on the Defense Strategic Review, Jan. 5, 2012
Many questions remain about the Obama administration's plan to reduce defense spending, most of which cannot be answered until the formal budget plan is released. But in making the case for his plan last week, the president cited a "fact" that we have seen uttered time and again by various politicians: The $550 billion U.S. military budget is larger than the military budgets of the next [fill in the blank] countries combined.
The president chose the number 10. We've also seen the number 14, or similar figures in the past.
But how relevant is this statement and does it really say something significant about the relative strength of the U.S. military?
The Facts
Without a doubt, the United States has the most powerful military in the world, in part because it is the world's only global power with global responsibilities. The Web site Globalfirepower.com ranks countries based on 45 factors, and the United States tops many of the charts. Here's one small statistic: The United States had 11 aircraft carriers, as of the end of last year; no other country had more than two. The United Kingdom even is mothballing its single aircraft carrier.
Romney vs. Obama on job creation
"And I'm very happy in my former life; we helped create over 100,000 new jobs. By the way, we created more jobs in Massachusetts than this president's created in the entire country. So if the president wants to talk about jobs, and I hope he does, we'll be comparing my record with his record and he comes up very, very short."
— Mitt Romney, Jan. 3, 2012
It's a new year, and we already have new claims about job creation. The Romney campaign was sufficiently proud of this quote, made on "Fox and Friends," that it blast-e-mailed it to reporters.
As we have mentioned before, the notion that a president – or particularly a governor – can magically create jobs with a set of policies is a bit of a stretch. Broadly speaking, presidential policies can certainly have an impact, but even a president is at the mercy of the business cycle. Obama became president in the midst of the worst recession in memory, so obviously that is going to be a drag on his "job-creation record."
The Facts
The Romney campaign provided a link to Bureau of Labor Statistics data showing that during Romney's four-year term as Massachusetts governor, the number of jobs went up 61,000. By contrast, the number of jobs under Obama has dropped by 1.86 million.
Barack Obama: the 'food-stamp president'?
"We are going to have the candidate of food stamps, the finest food stamp president in American history, in Barack Obama, and we are going to have a candidate of paychecks."
— Former House Speaker Newt Gingrich, Dec. 6, 2011, on CNBC
As speaker, Gingrich helped push through the signature welfare overhaul that then President Bill Clinton signed into law in 1996. When Clinton, after two vetoes, agreed to accept the legislation, he shrewdly noted that he was eliminating the welfare system forever more as a campaign issue.
"After I sign my name to this bill, welfare will no longer be a political issue," Clinton said. "The two parties cannot attack each other over it."
Having eliminated welfare as a campaign issue, Gingrich now appears to be trying to breath life into "son of welfare" by attacking President Obama as the "finest food stamp president." But he has explicitly rejected the idea that this is a no-so-subtle form of racial imagery.
(As is usual, Gingrich's rhetoric excess got the better of him last month when he also declared people can use food stamps "to go to Hawaii," a claim that our colleagues at PolitiFact correctly labeled "Pants on Fire.")
In any case, how accurate is the claim that Obama is "the food-stamp president"?
The Facts
Officially, the food stamp program is now formally known as the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), which is administered by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. It is broadly available to almost all households with low incomes, though most of the benefits go to families with children. (It also has massive support from the farm lobby, which is why GOP efforts to cut it back have often failed.)
Barack Obama: the 'food-stamp president'?
"We are going to have the candidate of food stamps, the finest food stamp president in American history, in Barack Obama, and we are going to have a candidate of paychecks."
— Former House Speaker Newt Gingrich, Dec. 6, 2011, on CNBC
As speaker, Gingrich helped push through the signature welfare overhaul that then President Bill Clinton signed into law in 1996. When Clinton, after two vetoes, agreed to accept the legislation, he shrewdly noted that he was eliminating the welfare system forever more as a campaign issue.
"After I sign my name to this bill, welfare will no longer be a political issue," Clinton said. "The two parties cannot attack each other over it."
Having eliminated welfare as a campaign issue, Gingrich now appears to be trying to breath life into "son of welfare" by attacking President Obama as the "finest food stamp president." But he has explicitly rejected the idea that this is a no-so-subtle form of racial imagery.
(As is usual, Gingrich's rhetoric excess got the better of him last month when he also declared people can use food stamps "to go to Hawaii," a claim that our colleagues at PolitiFact correctly labeled "Pants on Fire.")
In any case, how accurate is the claim that Obama is "the food-stamp president"?
The Facts
Officially, the food stamp program is now formally known as the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), which is administered by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. It is broadly available to almost all households with low incomes, though most of the benefits go to families with children. (It also has massive support from the farm lobby, which is why GOP efforts to cut it back have often failed.)
Mitt Romney: Flip-flopper or not?
"And there's no question, but that people are going to take snippets and take things out of context and try and show that there are differences."
— Former governor Mitt Romney on Fox News, Nov. 29, 2011
Mitt Romney has a flip-flop problem. Slowly but surely, the conventional wisdom is solidifying that the former Massachusetts governor often has changed his position to suit the politics of the moment. The story line has been advanced by his opponents, in both parties, but also in the media. Take a look at this wicked cartoon by our colleague Tom Toles, in which Romney tells an elephant dressed as Santa Claus: "What would you like me to ask for?"
Of course, politicians have every right to change their minds. An inflexible attitude is not always the sign of an effective leader. But too many flips without enough explanation may give voters pause. In Romney's case, many of his moves have been from the left — when he was governor of Massachusetts — to the right, as he has run for the Republican presidential nomination.
Now the Democratic National Committee has assembled some of its best evidence of Romney-as-flip-flopper in a four-minute video ad. The DNC helpfully provided a detailed explanation of where each clip came from (see below), and we have picked through them to see whether the flip-flop charge holds up. We give a Pinocchio rating to each claim, in the order in which it is made in the commercial.
About the Blogger
Glenn Kessler has covered foreign policy, economic policy, the White House, Congress, politics, airline safety and Wall Street.
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Prognostic impact of CD57, CD68, M-CSF, CSF-1R, Ki67 and TGF-beta in soft tissue sarcomas
Prognostic markers in curable STS may have the potential to guide therapy after surgical resection. The purpose of this study was to clarify the prognostic impact of the presence of cells and growth factors belonging to the innate immune system in soft tissue sarcomas (STS). The significance of macrophages (CD68), their growth factor macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF), its receptor colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor (CSF-1R), natural killer cells (CD57) and the general immunomodulating molecule (TGF-beta) are all controversial in STS. Herein, these markers are evaluated and compared to the cell proliferation marker Ki67.
Tissue microarrays from 249 patients with non-gastrointestinal (non-GIST) STS were constructed from duplicate cores of viable and representative neoplastic tumor areas and duplicate cores of peritumoral capsule. Immunohistochemistry was used to evaluate the expression of CD68, M-CSF, CSF-1R, CD57, TGF-beta and Ki67 in tumor and peritumoral capsule.
In univariate analyses increased expression of M-CSF (P = 0.034), Ki67 (P < 0.001) and TGF-beta (P = 0.003) in tumor correlated with shorter disease-specific survival (DSS). Increased expression of CD68 in tumor correlated significantly with malignancy grade (P = 0.016), but not DSS (P = 0.270). Increased expression of Ki67 in peritumoral capsule tended to correlate with a shorter DSS (P = 0.057). In multivariate analyses, co-expression of M-CSF and TGF-beta (P = 0.022) in tumor and high expression of Ki67 (P = 0.019) in peritumoral capsule were independent negative prognostic factors for DSS.
Increased co-expression of M-CSF and TGF-beta in tumor in patients with STS, and increased expression of Ki67 in peritumoral capsule were independent negative prognostic factors for DSS.
Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are heterogeneous malignancies originating from the mesenchymal lineage. There are more than 50 different histological entities and they comprise less than 1% of adult malignancies
Many studies have been designed to investigate the prognostic factors of STS by using immunohistochemical methods
Immunotherapy and vaccines with the capability to activate the host immune system may have a role as second-line therapy, and characterization of the in situ cellular and molecular immunology form the basis for such therapy
The innate immune system consists mainly of granulocytes, macrophages, natural killer (NK) cells, dendritic cells (DCs) and their corresponding growth factors and receptors
Ki67 expression increases with increasing malignancy grade in many cancer types of different lineages
We have previously reported the prognostic significance of the humoral immune system by lymphocyte infiltration in tumor
Patients and clinical samples
The National Cancer Data Inspection Board and The Regional Committee for Research Ethics approved the study. The material was collected from our approved biobank for paraffin embedded material and slides. Data were analyzed anonymously.
Primary tumor tissue from untreated patients diagnosed with STS at the University Hospital of North Norway (UNN) from 1973 to 2006 and the Hospitals of Arkhangelsk region, Russia, from 1996 to 2006 was used in this retrospective study. 496 potentially suitable patient records were identified from the hospital database, but only 249 of these were eligible based on complete medical records and adequate paraffin-embedded tissue blocks. In 80 of these cases it was also possible to obtain tissue from the peritumoral capsule for TMA
The histology of all soft tissue sarcoma cases was reviewed according to modern classification (WHO, 2002) by two dedicated pathologists (AV and SWS). For the Russian material, new slides were made from all paraffin blocks. For the Norwegian material, new slides were made when necessary. All biopsies were immunostained with cytokeratin (CK), c-kit (CD117), Actin, smooth muscle actin (SMA), vimentin (VIM) and CD34. Some slides were also stained with S100 if necessary to rule out differential diagnoses. Further molecular methods were, in general, not considered necessary for differential diagnostics, but in some cases PCR or FISH were performed. About 10% of the initial diagnoses were revised due to altered classification and the appearance of new entities such as GIST. All carcinosarcomas, endometrial sarcomas, carcinomas and lymphomas were excluded.
Microarray construction
Tissue microarrays (TMAs) were constructed for high-throughput molecular pathology research
Studies suggest that punching multiple 0.6 mm cores from different regions captures the heterogeneity of the capsule more accurately than single 2 to 4 mm cores
Immunohistochemistry (IHC)
Sections were deparaffinized with xylene and rehydrated with ethanol. Antigen retrieval was performed by placing the specimens in 0.01 M citrate buffer at pH 6.0 and exposing them to two repeated microwave heatings of 10 min at 450 W. The slides were then transferred to the Ventana Benchmark, XT automated slide stainer (Ventana Medical System, Illkirch, France). Tissue sections were incubated with primary mouse monoclonal antibodies recognizing Ki67, CD68 and CD57 (Ventana Medical System), as well as rabbit polyclonal M-CSF, CSF-1R (clone H-300; Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, CA, USA) and TGF-beta (clone sc-146; Santa Cruz). The dilution was 1:5 for M-CSF, 1:25 for CSF-1R and 1:50 for TGF-beta. All Ventana antibodies were prediluted by the manufacturer. The incubation periods were 16 min for Ki67, CD57 and CD68, and 28 min for TGF-beta, M-CSF and CSF-1R. As secondary antibodies, biotinylated goat antimouse IgG and mouse antirabbit IgM, both 200 lg ml, were used. The Dako EnVision + System-Horseradish Peroxidase [diaminobenzidine (DAB)] kit (Dako, Glostrup, Denmark) was used to block endogenous peroxidase. This was followed by application of liquid diaminobenzidine as substrate-chromogen, yielding a brown reaction product at the site of the target antigen (iView DAB® procedure). Finally, slides were counterstained with hematoxylin to visualize the nuclei. For each antibody, including controls, all TMA staining were performed in a single experiment. As negative staining controls, the primary antibodies were replaced with the primary antibody diluents. In the TMA we also used cores from carcinomas and normal tissue as positive and negative controls.
Scoring of IHC
The ARIOL imaging system (Genetix, San Jose, CA) was used to scan the slides for antibody staining of the TMAs
Figure 1
IHC microscopic pictures of TMA of soft tissue sarcoma representing different expression of CD68 and M-CSF
IHC microscopic pictures of TMA of soft tissue sarcoma representing different expression of CD68 and M-CSF. (A) CD68 low expression; (B) CD68 high expression; (C) M-CSF low expression; (D) M-CSF high expression. Original magnification X 100 and 400.
Statistical methods
All statistical analyses were done using the statistical package SPSS (Chicago, IL), version 18. The immunohistochemistry scores from each observer were compared for interobserver reliability by use of a two-way random effect model with absolute agreement definition. The intraclass correlation coefficient (reliability coefficient) was obtained from these results.
The Chi-square test and Fishers Exact test were used to examine the association between molecular marker expression and various clinicopathological variables. Univariate analyses were performed using the Kaplan-Meier method, and statistical significance between survival curves was assessed by the log rank test. Disease-specific survival (DSS) was determined from the date of confirmed STS diagnosis.
The multivariate analysis was carried out using the Cox proportional hazards model to assess the independent impact of each pre-treatment variable on survival in the presence of other variables. Only significant variables from the univariate analyses were entered into the Cox regression analysis. Probability for stepwise entry and removal was set at 0.05 and 0.10, respectively. The significance level used was p < 0.05.
Clinicopathological variables
Demographic, clinical, and histopathological variables are shown in Table
The treatment option of choice was surgery (n = 228), seven patients received chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy only, and 14 patients received no therapy. A total of 120 patients received surgery only, 55 surgery and radiotherapy; 40 surgery and chemotherapy and 13 surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Two patients received chemotherapy only, three both chemotherapy and radiotherapy, and two radiotherapy only. The 5-year survival with non-wide resection margins was 33% and with wide resection margins 62%.
Inter-observer variability
There was good reproducibility between the two investigating pathologists. The scoring agreement was tested for M-CSF and CD68 expression in tumor. The IHC scores from each observer were compared using a two-way random effect model with absolute agreement definition. The intraclass correlation coefficients (reliability coefficients, r) obtained from these results were 0.85 for M-CSF (P < 0.001) and 0.90 for CD68 (P < 0.001).
Univariate analyses
Nationality, tumor size, malignancy grade, tumor depth, metastasis at time of diagnosis, surgery and surgical margins were all significant indicators for disease-specific survival (DSS) in univariate analyses (Table
Besides, increased expression of M-CSF (P = 0.034), Ki67 (P < 0.001) and TGF-beta (p = 0.003) in tumor correlated significantly with a shorter DSS, (Table
Figure 2
Disease-specific survival curves for high and low expression of CD68, Ki67, M-CSF, TGF-beta and co-expression M-CSF and TGF-beta in tumor in patients with STS (N = 249)
Disease-specific survival curves for high and low expression of CD68, Ki67, M-CSF, TGF-beta and co-expression M-CSF and TGF-beta in tumor in patients with STS (N = 249).
A shorter DSS with increased expression of M-CSF was seen in females (P = 0.025), Norwegian patients (P = 0.015) and in patients with tumors larger than 5 cm (P = 0.018, data not shown).
Increased expression of Ki67 in the peritumoral capsule correlated with a shorter DSS (N = 80, P < 0.001). Increased expression of CD68 in the peritumoral capsule tended to correlate with a shorter DSS, though not statistically significant (N = 80, P = 0.057), Table
In co-variation analyses between malignancy grade and expression of the different markers in tumor, Ki67, CD68, M-CSF and TGF-beta showed statistical significance (data not shown). Increased expression of CD68 in tumor correlated with malignancy grade (P = 0.016) and expression of Ki67 (P < 0.001). Increased expression of M-CSF in tumor correlated with malignancy grade (P = 0.010) and expression of Ki67 (P = 0.002). Increased expression of TGF-beta in tumor correlated with malignancy grade (P = 0.029) and expression of Ki67 (P = 0.005), table
Multivariate analyses
Significant demographic, clinicopathological, and expression variables from the univariate analyses were entered into the multivariate Cox regression analysis. In the multivariate analysis, the co-expression of M-CSF and TGF-beta in the tumor was an independent prognostic factor for DSS. Other independent negative prognostic variables were malignancy grade (P < 0.001), metastasis at time of diagnosis (P < 0.001) and non-wide resection margins (P = 0.001, Table
In patients with tissue from peritumoral capsule, independent negative prognostic variables were non-wide resection margins (P = 0.031) and high expression of Ki67 (P = 0.019, Table
In this study we evaluated whether there is an association between the expression of CD57, CD68, M-CSF, CSF-1R, Ki67 and TGF-beta in tumors or peritumoral capsule and survival in 249 non-GIST STS patients. Increased co-expression of M-CSF and TGF-beta in the tumor and increased expression of Ki67 in the peritumoral capsule were independent negative prognostic factors for DSS in patients with STS. High expression of M-CSF in tumor was correlated with high malignancy grade, increased Ki67 and short DSS. To our knowledge, this is the first report on co-expression of M-CSF and TGF-beta in STS and the first evidence of its possible clinical relevance in STS patients.
STS have varying biological characteristics regardless of histological entities. Its prognosis is poor, but also difficult to predict. This aggressive behavior reflects, at least in part, the capacity of the tumor to evade host immune surveillance. Evasion strategies can protect cancer cells from immune responses by a variety of mechanisms including self-tolerance, sequestration of tissue from surveillance, antigen shedding, lymphocyte killing, secretion of immunosuppressive cytokines, lack of MHC II expression, lack of co-stimulatory molecules and local secretion of prostaglandins.
CD57 positive cells have been implicated in the resistance against malignant and virally-infected cells. Presence of these cells was observed to be an independent prognostic marker for a better DSS in squamous cell carcinoma
In addition to NK-cells, expression of CD57 is also found on T-lineage lymphocytes, where it is currently considered a marker-replicative senescence ("clonal exhaustion"), i.e., a high susceptibility to activation-induced cell death and the inability to undergo new cell-division cycles despite preserved ability to secrete cytokines upon encounter with their cognate antigen
Studies have demonstrated a close association between M-CSF and tumor progression in lung cancer cell lines
TGF-beta is a multifunctional cytokine known to induce G1 arrest in order to end proliferation, induce differentiation, or promote apoptosis in normal cells, thus being a natural tumor-suppressive agent. Though in tumorigenesis this mediator initiates EMT through activation of Smad and non-Smad signalling pathways
Increased expression of Ki67 and M-CSF in tumor are negative prognostic indicators for patients with STS, but this is not independent of malignancy grade. In the univariate analysis presented TGF-beta seems to be the dominating factor, while low or high M-CSF expression in combination with low TGF-beta expression does not seem to influence prognosis significantly. Both expression of TGF-beta and M-CSF have co-variation with malignancy grade and expression of Ki67. In the multivariate analysis the co-expression of M-CSF and TGF-beta was a stronger prognosticator for DSS than each of the markers alone. Expression of Ki67 in tumor was not an independent prognosticator. As mitotic activity is one of the criteria determining the malignancy grade, expression of Ki67 is closely correlated to mitotic activity, hence also malignancy grade
In summary, increased co-expression of M-CSF and TGF-beta in tumor and increased Ki67 expression in the peritumoral capsule of STS patients were independent negative prognostic factors for DSS. This data may provide additional information to guide therapy after surgical resection.
Competing interests
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
Authors' contributions
SWS, TK, AV, TD, RMB and LTB participated in the design of the study. TK and AV collected clinical information. SWS and AV reviewed all the histological diagnosis, histological grading, selected and marked the slides for TMA construction. SWS, TK and AV performed the experiments. SWS, TK, AV, TD, RMB and LTB performed the statistical analysis. SWS, TK, AV, TD, ES, KAS and LTB contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools. SWS, TD, ES, KAS, RMB and LTB drafted the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
Thanks to Frode Skjold for coupling of databases and Magnus L. Persson for making the TMA blocks.
Soft tissue sarcoma. Epidemiology and prognosis in 508 patients
Cancer statistics, 2009
Surgical margin and its influence on survival in soft tissue sarcoma
The outcomes and prognostic factors of patients with soft-tissue sarcoma
Histopathologic type: an independent prognostic factor in primary soft tissue sarcoma of the extremity?
Retroperitoneal soft tissue sarcoma
Prognosis of children with soft tissue sarcoma who relapse after achieving a complete response. a report from the Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Study I
High grade soft tissue sarcoma of the flexor fossae. Size rather than compartmental status determine prognosis
Prognostic factors for disease-specific survival after first relapse of soft-tissue sarcoma: analysis of 402 patients with disease relapse after initial conservative surgery and radiotherapy
Biological prognostic factors in adult soft tissue sarcomas
The development of immunotherapies for non-small cell lung cancer
Paradoxical roles of the immune system during cancer development
NKT cells - conductors of tumor immunity?
The prognostic significance of intratumoral natural killer cells in patients with colorectal carcinoma
Prognostic value of intratumoral natural killer cells in gastric carcinoma
The Accumulation and Prognosis Value of Tumor Infiltrating IL-17 Producing Cells in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Natural killer cells and cancer
Cancer immunotherapy using a bispecific NK receptor fusion protein that engages both T cells and tumor cells
Gliomas: correlation of histologic grade, Ki67 and p53 expression with patient survival
The proliferation markers Ki-67/MIB-1, phosphohistone H3, and survivin may contribute in the identification of aggressive ovarian carcinomas
p16 and pRb immunohistochemical expression increases with increasing tumour grade in mammary phyllodes tumours
Clinicopathologic study of the MIB-1 labeling index (Ki67) and postoperative prognosis for intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms and ordinary ductal adenocarcinoma
Correlation of Ki-67 and MCM-2 proliferative marker expression with grade of histological malignancy (G) in ductal breast cancers
Clinicopathological significance of cell cycle regulation markers in a large series of genetically confirmed Ewing's sarcoma family of tumors
Prognostic impact of lymphocytes in soft tissue sarcomas
Prognostic impact of peritumoral lymphocyte infiltration in soft tissue sarcomas
Expression of M-CSF and CSF-1R is correlated with histological grade in soft tissue tumors
High-throughput tissue microarray analysis used to evaluate biology and prognostic significance of the E-cadherin pathway in non-small-cell lung cancer
Inverse prognostic impact of angiogenic marker expression in tumor cells versus stromal cells in non small cell lung cancer
Tissue microarrays (TMAs) for high-throughput molecular pathology research
Prognostic significance of tumor infiltrating natural killer cells subset CD57 in patients with squamous cell lung cancer
The prognostic value of natural killer cell infiltration in resected pulmonary adenocarcinoma
The prognostic value of intraepithelial and stromal innate immune system cells in non-small cell lung carcinoma
CD57+ T lymphocytes and functional immune deficiency
CD57 defines a functionally distinct population of mature NK cells in the human CD56dimCD16+ NK-cell subset
Granulocyte, granulocyte-macrophage, and macrophage colony-stimulating factors can stimulate the invasive capacity of human lung cancer cells
Pretreatment serum levels of cytokines and cytokine receptors in patients with non-small cell lung cancer, and correlations with clinicopathological features and prognosis
Both cell-surface and secreted CSF-1 expressed by tumor cells metastatic to bone can contribute to osteoclast activation
Elevated expression of the oncogene c-fms and its ligand, the macrophage colony-stimulating factor-1, in cervical cancer and the role of transforming growth factor-beta1 in inducing c-fms expression
A SNAIL1-SMAD3/4 transcriptional repressor complex promotes TGF-beta mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition
TGFbeta in Cancer
The prognostic impact of TGF-beta1, fascin
Macrophage colony-stimulating factor (CSF-1) induces pro-inflammatory gene expression and enhances antimicrobial responses of goldfish (Carassius auratus L.) macrophages
Phase I trial of TGF-beta 2 antisense GM-CSF gene-modified autologous tumor cell (TAG) vaccine
Penile fracture repair: assessment of early results and complications using color Doppler ultrasound
The role of tumor stroma in cancer progression and prognosis: emphasis on carcinoma-associated fibroblasts and non-small cell lung cancer
Pre-publication history
The pre-publication history for this paper can be accessed here:

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text: LOADING SA-SAMS ON YOUR COMPUTER. • • Put latest CD of SA-SAMS in your CD Drive (Normally the D Drive) Click on SA-SAMS: School Administration Programme. Click here to Install SA-SAMS XP or later. Click on Run Click on Run again Click on OK Click here and wait for installation to finish. SA-SAMS is now loaded on your computer but you must still install the latest patch. • On the CD issued to you, a Demo Database will automatically be installed on your computer when you install the August patch. • This database can be used as a practice database for you to use to get yourself familiarized with the programme. After installation, this icon should appear on the desktop. • • If it does not appear on your Desktop do the following: Click on Start, then on All Programmes Click on EdusolSAMS and right click on the EdusolSAMS tab with the icon. • Click on Send To and then click on Desktop. Your icon should appear on your Desktop now. To open your SA-SAMS database • • Double click on the SA-SAMS icon on your desktop and the following screen will appear. Click in Use Database on this Computer then click on Use an existing Database. Click on the school name and then click on Continue Type in administrator in the username block and admin in the password block (Use lower case) • Click on Log In and the Main Menu will appear, showing all the modules. Main Menu: • From this menu you can access any module you wish to work on. General School Information All school details are captured here. Cycle Information Class Information School Subjects School Terms and Set up School Days Bus Routes • Use the bus route menu to add detailed information of the bus routes which are available to learners at the school. You are also able to assign an educator responsible for the route. • For schools with subsidized bus services, the official codes sent to schools should be used. Disciplinary codes • On the General School Setup menu select the Merit and Demerit Codes button. The blue codes are the standard codes utilized under the learner section to record learner misconduct and the resultant disciplinary consequences. These levels and codes may not be amended. Only additional descriptions may be added, edited or deleted from the levels. Human Resource: Both Educator and Staff are managed from here Subject Specialization, Teaching Load and Qualifications are captured on this screen Subject Specialisations for Educators • This is where you capture the subjects that an educator has specialized in when getting his qualification. Educator Teaching Load • This gives a complete record of each educator's workload for the current year Educator Qualification level and Qualification Type Detailed Qualification Type Qualification Information • For entering educator qualifications you have to go to Edit an Educator from the Educator Information menu. Archived Educators Staff/Public Servant Information • This is where you register all non educators on your system e.g. • Admin Staff • Hostel Staff • Practitioner • Professional Non-Teaching Staff • Support Staff (cleaners, factotums etc.) MAINTAINING STAFF ATTENDANCE RECORDS • In this section, absences leave and reasons for leave will be captured and printouts made. Add Leave Records • Here is where you choose the type of leave and enter comments as well as keeping record of leave forms/doctor certificates outstanding. View Individual Educator/Staff Absences • • From this section, a user can view records for individual absences for each staff member including educators. This Screen also shows the number of sick leave available in cycle. Staff Leave Summary Printout • • Staff Leave Summaries are the records of educator or staff attendance for a certain period of time. These records can be used by management to follow absentee patterns and trends of educators and are easily accessible should the Education Department ask for them. Staff leave Summary Printout • The Staff leave Summary Printout gives the status of educator or staff absenteeism per quarter. The summary can also be between selected dates, i.e. on a monthly basis. This data can be used to track educator absenteeism patterns and inform management of direction should absenteeism be a problem at a school. These quarterly statistics are also required by the Education Department for purposes of record keeping. IQMS Module • The IQMS module is used for educator appraisals and performance management. LEARNER INFORMATION Structure of the Learner Information Learner Enrolment Learner Detail: To view this screen, click on learner and then View/Update Learner • Learner information can be edited here Summary of Learner Information • Double click on learner to view summary information of marks and disciplinary record. Transfer Letter • Transfer letter can be printed once a learner has been archived Incidents • Pregnancy, Domestic Violence and Racial Conflict is captured here. Incident Information Family information • View Family • Learner's Family Details Learner Family report • Both parents (if living together) plus learners in family are shown in this report. Class Statistics • Total number of learners, grade totals and class totals can be viewed here. Different Class Lists Class Details Blank Class List Class Photo List Weekly Learner Attendances • In this section, users can manage the attendance of learners per term. Daily attendance register per month Learner Attendance Printouts List of learners absent for the specific day. View Individual Learner Absences Print Absentee Data per Learner Print total days absent per learner Weekly Attendance Statistics • Shows total absentees per class for the week. Weekly Attendance Statistics • Attendance statistics printout Quarterly return print out. Statistical Data and Reports • This menu is specifically for printing learner lists. It indicates all the printout options available under Learner Enrolment e.g. Alphabetical Listing of whole school or per grade as well as some other options as indicated on screen below. • Learner Reports Learner Details Data Printouts • • • • The above page supplies the data to view in the dropdown box at top right All the data in the dropdown box is data that is required to complete the Annual School Survey If all data fields for learners are completed in the capturing of Learner Information these statistics are automatically populated as a result of the linkages in the programme This data can be exported to Excel Learner Aggregated Data Assign Subjects to Individual Learners • There are three ways in which subjects can be added to learners: – Adding a subject set to the whole class at once – Adding a subject set to an individual learner – Adding individual subjects to individual learners View/Print Learner Subject Allocation • • This allows you to print lists of learner showing their subjects You will also be able to view which learners have no subjects allocated Create Educator Subject groups • Educator subject groups are created for ease of identification of learners linked to a particular educator. An educator can print a list with the names of only the learners she/he teaches in a particular subject, instead of the whole class list and then having to filter names. • E.g. Learners from 2 classes (10C and 10D) joining for a specific subject say Accounting. Common Quarterly Tests • As per LTA 3/2010 and LTA 4/2010 common quarterly tests are written in grades 3, 6 and 9 for Mathematics/Numeracy and Languages/Literacy. Schools are required to report quarterly to Districts on these tests according to distribution in the rating scales 1-7 (grade 9) and 1-4 (grade 3 and 6). • SA-SAMS has created a tool where the marks of these quarterly tests can be captured and a report printed which shows the distribution of marks for the specific subject according to the rating scales. • According to LTA 3/2010 and LTA 4/2010 the last task of each term should represent the quarterly tests. Quarterly Test Tasks Maths/Numeracy Gr. 3 Gr. 6 Gr. 9 Language/Literacy Term 1 Task3 Task4 Term 2 Task 3 Task 4 Term 3 Task 3 Task 4 Term 1 Task 2 Task 2 Term 2 Task 2 Task 2 Term 3 Task 2 Task 2 Term 1 Task 3 Task 3 Term 2 Task 3 Task 2 Term 3 Task 3 Task 3 If a Task is the Quarterly Test for the term, check the Quarterly Test checkbox for the relevant tasks. Enter marks for tasks/activities and the Quarterly Test Task To print report for distribution of marks click on the Quarterly Test tab. The printed report will show the distribution according to levels In the case of under performing schools, quarterly tests are written in Grades 10 to 12 in certain subjects but it does not form part of the SBA mark. Special provision is made for this. • The quarterly test is still registered but excluded from the SBA by clicking the Common Task Check box. The task appears in the Programme of Assessment but is not added to the total marks For distribution report click here Progress Reports Different formats of reports Maintain Reports Comments • There are 3 types of comments: • Subject comment for the term (a list can be compiled) • Comment for individual learner (general comment for specific learner) • Comment appearing on all reports for specific phase (general comment for all learners in a phase) Progress report with comments Subject comment General comment Learner comment Curriculum Related Schedules and Printouts • The following schedules are available: – Internal mark schedule per grade – Internal mark schedule per subject – Internal total mark schedule per grade – Department mark schedule per grade – Level distribution report per subject per grade – Not promoted and repeating numbers – Learners details: repeats and drop outs Marks Schedules This schedule can be used to print a merit list per subject This schedule can be used to print a merit list per learner average Departmental Marks Schedule Example of GET Departmental Schedule Option to display levels Example of FET Departmental Schedule Level distribution report per subject per grade Summary of learner results per quarter Maintain Promotion Decisions • Symbol you want to appear on Promotion Schedule can be set here. Learner promotions can be done here (Internal Cycle Mark Schedule) Year End Learner Promotions • Year end promotion Menu Place Learner in New Grade Annual Promotion Printout • Comparative statistics can be accessed by selecting the graph type required Below is a screen picture of promotion statistics in the Bar Graph GOVERNANCE INFORMATION GOVERNANCE INFORMATION MENU • This module requires the maintaining of parents, learners and the educator members. All of this data would have been previously captured under the relevant modules and is now pulled through here. The available candidates in the relevant category will appear in the list view. • Click on person to be added to SGB Detail of member is recorded here • Click on Save to SGB Each member added will appear in the SGB list on the SGB members form. • The Verify Composition button will give you a breakdown of the members according to title/position on SGB Composition of SGB MAINTAIN GOVERNANCE RECORDS • Click on the Maintain Governance Records and then on the Maintain Policies (see figure in next slide) to add, edit or delete school policies. Maintaining Policies • This screen allows you to add and to edit policies. This should be a list of all policies supposed to be at your school. Maintain Harassment Incidents • • You will see that the incidents have been coded into 4 Types. Enter information on this form PHYSICAL RESOURCE AND SCHOOL INFRASTRUCTURE REGISTER • Click on the Physical Resource button from the Main Menu. The Physical Resources screen allows you to manage: – Learner Support Material – Fixed Assets LEARNER SUPPORT MATERIALS • Here you will: – Add books to your master register list – When you receive books you will add this quantity to your stock (either new stock or existing stock) – Distribute learning materials through the educators to the learners. – When books are being returned, you book them back into stock so that they are available again – When books are lost or damaged you will permanently remove these books out of stock To View the Current LSM Stock • • • • • • Go to View School LSM Stock (1st tab) Choose the category filter – learner textbooks Click on Subject – e.g. Afrikaans Click on Resource – e.g. Afrikaans Ons Taal A small screen on the top right hand corner of the screen will highlight Stock: (quantity); On Loan : (quantity); Available : (quantity) Detailed LSM Inventory List • • Click on the Detailed LSM Inventory List button from the Physical Resources main menu. Printouts available: – Inventory List Per Grade – Inventory List per Subject Blank LSM Issue Form • Form showing all books issued to learner. Learner must sign. FIXED ASSETS • In this section there are 5 main functions – – – – Add some equipment or fixed asset to your master register list Add quantity to your stock (either new stock or existing stock) Distribute these assets through the school. When these assets are being returned, they must be booked back into your stock so that they are available again – When assets are lost or damaged it must be permanently removed. Maintain Master List of Assets • Add New item to Master List Allocate Stock Items (Fixed Assets) To Venues There are many print options to choose from. • Summary Fixed Assets – This will give you a summary total of number of pieces (Assets) in each venue • Print Fixed Asset Stock Registers – Print all or Print per register • Print Fixed Assets Stock Write Off – Filter per date – Filter per stock item – Filter per register Time Tables Example of class Time Table Error and Omission Report • Install programme from the Utilities section on your CD. Any one of these 2 can be used • This icon will appear on your desktop. Double click on it When the program opens, it will automatically select the last SAMS database that was opened • Click on Check The Omissions and Errors must be corrected on SAMS before the LURITS Deployment is done and the CD is written.


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Recorded over six days in Nashville with Dave Stewart, the debut release on Joss Stone's own label is, she claims, the first on which she has exerted total creative freedom.
And certainly, it's less hostage to a single specific style than any of her previous work, ranging from the loping funk swagger of "Don't Start Lying to Me Now" and burbling clavinet soul of "Karma" to the bluesy ruminations of "Landlord" and "Take Good Care", where her voice is at its earthiest accompanied by little more than Stewart's acoustic guitar. It's not all successful – the unfocused "Last One to Know" and "Boat Yard" could have done with a bit more work to tighten them up – but the diversity emphasises her shared heritage with Janis Joplin, while retaining her core deep-soul strength on tracks such as "Cry Myself to Sleep" and "Newborn".
DOWNLOAD THIS: Newborn; Karma; Don't Start Lying to Me Now; Take Good Care
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Rossi and Lorenzo explain CoTA does not suit the YZRM1
The two long straights are weak points for us says the Italian
MOVISTAR Yamaha's Valentino Rossi has explained the YZR-M1 does not suit the Circuit of The America's and team-mate Jorge Lorenzo agrees.
After a spectacular win for Rossi in Qatar, the nine-time World Champion is hoping to continue his form in Austin, Texas at the Circuit of The America's, but has explained that the circuit itself does not suit the Yamaha YZR-M1.
"Beginning the championship with a victory is really nice, but now we must try to be just as competitive as we were in Qatar everywhere else," explained Rossi.
"Austin is not our favourite track. Although the track is very modern and I really like some corners, the two long straights are weak points for us. Our opponents are strong, but it's also true that our bike has made major improvements.
"I'm happy with my feelings on the YZR-M1. We will work hard to find the best possible solution, as we did at Losail. After the victory in Qatar we are all very motivated and we are ready for another weekend. I would like to get on the podium. It won't be easy, but we will try!"
Rossi's Movistar Yamaha team-mate, Lorenzo, also expressed the same thoughts about the YZR-M1 around the Austin circuit.
"Now I'm just focusing on the next race in Austin. I look forward to racing there once again, even if usually it's not a track that suits our bike," said Lorenzo.
"In the past I was able to get on the podium so I want to do my best in Texas and try to keep as focused as I was in Qatar. I'm eager to race as soon as possible because I feel very fit and mentally strong.
"Hopefully we can do a better job than last year because both me and the bike have improved and maybe also the new tyres give us a chance to fight for the race. From my side, I'm going to push at the maximum."
Lorenzo started off the first round of the 2015 MotoGP Championship in good form until he lost half of his vision due to a helmet malfunction in the latter stages of the Qatar GP and was forced to settle for fourth.
However, despite a difficult first race and a difficult race in Austin last year, Lorenzo is ready to fight for a podium place once again.
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William Wenthe's third collection begins in the domestic realm then moves outward in subject and place -- to a bird market in Paris, the Jaffa Gate in Old Jerusalem, the Chain Bridge in Budapest -- before returning to the familial. The poet recalls his own cherished experiences of fatherhood: rocking his infant daughter in the early morning, lying with her outside on a pink flannel sheet, and watching her joyous reaction to the sight of roses. While actively engaged in the artist's struggle to represent reality, Wenthe draws attention to the particular, to moments and events that seem to exist beyond thoughts and words. In "Uhte," Wenthe reflects on the Old English name for the hour before dawn: "that word / has haunted me -- wondering how that hour / had first called forth a need / to be distinguished by a sound."
In well-crafted free verse, traditional meter and rhyme, prose poems, and nonce forms, Wenthe meditates on family, language, art, history, and the natural world, striving to find words to capture the richness of life.
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Consider Your Lifestyle When Building a Luxury New Construction Home in Chicago
Maybe they love to collect art, or entertain, or have a space to unwind or to play with their children or grandchildren. Thinking about these things in the short and long term not only helps the buyer determine what their wants and needs are for a new home, but helps me as their real estate agent convey information to the architect. That way their dream home can include all of the special features they've been hoping for.
Special Features in a Chicago New Construction Home
Once we have an idea of what a homebuyer likes to do, we can use that to think about what that means for what they'll want in a Chicago new construction home.
For example, if a couple is very into art and has a growing collection, their home will have certain attributes like high ceilings (at least 10 feet tall), an expert lighting plan from an individual who specializes in architectural lighting, and consideration for outside sunlight to ensure it is properly diffused and doesn't affect paintings or other art pieces.
Another buyer might love to cook and entertain. That's where I can help advise them on the most recent cutting-edge appliances and kitchen trends to ensure their space can keep up with their lifestyle. There are also special additions that might come into play, like a pizza oven in an outside garden or an indoor-outdoor accessible dining space.
Or, another feature that's been popping up lately is adding a cigar room–in which homeowners are creating a peaceful space to enjoy a fine cigar and escape the everyday stress of the corporate world. These "smoking dens" are luxury rooms designed not only for relaxation but also to keep smoke away from the rest of the house, often including things like dark wood paneling, a fireplace and sweeps under the door to keep smoke from escaping.
Considerations When Making Customizations to New Constuction Homes
It is important to note that adding all of the rooms, characteristics and features you want in your dream home is just that–your dream home. The more specific and tailored a home is to your needs, the more it can affect the resale value down the road, as potential buyers might not see the need for a state-of-the-
When planning a Chicago new construction home, I recommend the buyer and realtor work together to think about how particular features can be adjusted when it comes time to sell the home. In the case of the art space, how can the lighting be worked into a home without art? For the entertaining space, is there a way to present the space that appeals to a more broad lifestyle? If there's a smoking den, be sure the room could be repurposed as an office without a lingering smoke smell.
If you're interested in seeing what lifestyle features could be included in your Chicago new construction home, give me a call. I've walked many clients through the process of building a home from the ground up and working with the architect to ensure itis not only to their specifications but will retain its value over the coming years. Contact me at (312) 264-5853 or email me at firstname.lastname@example.com or visit http://www.sheldonchicago.com/
Sheldon Salnick
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TMA's Hassle Factor Log program recouped more than $1.8 million in unpaid insurance claims for physician members last year. If you have unresolved payment issues, know that your TMA membership gives you access to help to get you paid.
The Coding and Documentation Review is an in-depth review of medical record documentation and claims coding that identifies deficiencies and areas of risk. Correct coding can help you avoid delayed and incorrect reimbursement.
It's been called the "nurse visit" code, and also "the most abused code in the CPT book." Because the CPT code 99211 definition specifies that the service billed, "may not require the presence of a physician or other qualified health care professional," some practices apply it to any service a nurse provides. But that's not always correct.
The TMA Financial Trend Tracker is a free online tool to help association members and their staff track monthly and yearly net collection ratios, accounts receivable percentages, and new and established patient visits. The tool presents a practice's key performance indicators via easy-to-read graphs and charts.
TMA Practice E-Tips is a popular e-newsletter published twice a month that offers four brief, practical tips for managing a medical practice in Texas. Keep up with some of the latest news on health plan coding, billing, reimbursement, HIPAA, and much more.
Billing or Coding questions? Email firstname.lastname@example.com or call:
Got Billing or Coding questions, call the Knowledge Center


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Mild here yesterday, up around 50 degrees, but very gloomy. Snow
showers were predicted over night, but this morning it's bright and
sunny - 40 degrees. It's predicted to rain and turn very cold over
night. I do hope it doesn't freeze before the rain stops. We still
have two-foot piles of ice beside the drive and in the front beds.
It snowed before Christmas, then rain fell on the snow and froze.
We have had two more cycles of light snow followed by freezing
rain. The whole thing turned into solid blocks of ice. Even after
two thaw days, the ice piles are still there. At the back edge of
one of the piles I can see a Hellebore trying to peep through. The
other Hellebores, to say nothing of the rest of the garden, are still
under the thick pile of ice. It's really hard ice - can't even chip it
with a shovel. I don't know what, if anything will survive. Never
had such before.
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Ten years earlier
"Hold it high boy." Said the commander. "they should be able to see the signs and know who is approaching."
"it's too heavy."
"shut up or I will have you whipped."
"be easy on the boy." Said Bergen. "look, he is shaking on his feet. 'tis a difficult day for everyone."
"look, there they come!"
And there from the village there rode five horsemen, one commander, a flag carrier and three guards. The commander dressed in dense layers of linen packed together to form a sturdy suit of armour stood tall while the rest of the group looked pitiful, the boy carrying the flag looked nearly starved and the guards were constantly looking around as if looking for a way out.
"Hail, I am Edmure, commander of this village by the grace of Kingsfall. Who are you and what is your business?"
"You have the honour of speaking with Fendrel, commander of well, these men. Our group is called the third retakers from the holy city."
"The third? So there are two other groups that you have to contest with?"
"Of course there are, but that is no matter to you. We have come to relieve the town of your command."
"If you want to relieve the town of me, prepare for some hard fighting, I have fifty well trained, experienced men under my command."
"It does not look like fifty. Or well trained, or experienced. Truly, look at these men, their faces look paler than my buttocks. Your boy has probably wet his pants by the smell of it."
"Do not mock me! I will kill you personally!"
"Small change of that." Said Bergen. "we outnumber your forces two to one and our men are better armed and skilled. Is it really necessary to do this? It this village so valuable to you? There are, what, twenty houses at most and no gold mines or anything to fight for. I suppose your men would like to leave these shacks and go home, wherever that is."
"we had orders to hold this village!" Shouted Edmure.
"There is no need to get upset, and we have no doubt as to what your orders were. We simply suggest that you all leave this village and be done with it. We will not hunt you and we will not harm you in any way as long as you leave unarmed." Said Bergen in a loud voice, although directed to Edmure, but mostly to the boy and the guards behind.
"And return to Kingsfall with dishonour, you know how we deal with treason." Said Edmure, his anger now a form of hesitation. "Also may I ask who you are, if Fendrel is the commander and not you?"
"I have the honour of being Bergen, son of Bjorn. I am second in command for this troop."
"Very well Bergen and Fendrel, I shall meet you soon on the battlefield." Said Edmure as he turned his horse and rode to the village. Of the three guards, one remained with the parleymen.
"you said that we were free to go."
"Yes, if you lay down your arms." said Bergen.
As the mounted guard threw his spear to his side and drew his knife, one of the other guards stopped his gallop to look at his companion.
"The axe as well. After the battle is over, you can have it back. But for now I wouldn't trust you at our backs."
"I understand."
"All right men, we have a village to take." Said Fendrel "Well spoken Bergen, the combination of the two of us really helped break their spirits."
"I know, the knowledge of our leniency must be spreading through their ranks."
The men walked slowly towards the village centre where the men of Kingsfall were gathered. The shields in front with spears leaning on it, an unbreakable wall with iron points.
The defenders showed fear as their line fell back before the attackers even got close. Edmure was trying to hold them together, but it was no use. The men wavered and tried to stand in the back of the line.
"When I say it." Shouted Fendrel. "Do not fear and do not kill men who surrendered."
When the forces were close enough Fendrel gave the order and all the front soldiers trew their spears at the foe, grabbed their other spear and charged. Some of the spears found their mark into the enemies shields but the greatest effect they had was on the enemies morale. When the charge had reached the enemy there was none to hold them back as all the men at arms defending the village were already fleeing.
All but one. Edmure, the commander was still standing and keeping the spearmen at bay.
"You really want to die don't you" said Fendrel
"I cannot surrender! Rather I would die."
"Don't make us do this." Said Bergen. "There is no need to kill you, let's keep it civil and injure him."
The soldiers, now surrounding the lone commander moved in.


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9 Lots Evergreen Dr, Wheeler WI 54772 $110,000
Features of 9 Lots Evergreen Dr Wheeler WI 54772
- Lots for Sale
- Status: Active
- Estimated Age: Not Available
- Est. Acreage: 2
- Est. Acreage: >= 1, >= 1/2
- Est. Lot Size: 1/1/1/1
- School District: Boyceville Community
- County: Dunn
- Property Taxes: $978
- Property Tax Year: 2016
- Listing Company: Rassbach Realty Llc
- Listing Agent: Nichols Rassbach
Property Description for 9 Lots Evergreen Dr Wheeler WI 54772
9 Lots Evergreen Dr Wheeler WI 54772 - (9) Mobile Home Sites In Pine Creek Court. Must Purchase All Nine Sites When Purchasing. Lot Rent $225/Month And Owner Pays Real Estate Taxes. Evergreen Drive Is A Public Street So It Gets Plowed By Village. There Is A 24x32 Storage Building On Lot 206. There Are A Total Of 44 Mobile Home Sites In Pine Ridge Court. Owners Are Retiring. Ideal Investment Property For The Small Investor. Great Part Time Opportunity!
Building and Construction
- Construction Type: E
Land Features
- Topography: Other
- Waterfront/Access: N
- Lot Size: 1/1/1/1
|MLS Number
|New Status
|Previous Status
|Activity Date
|New List Price
|Previous List Price
|Sold Price
|Jan 30 2017 12:50PM
|Jul 26 2016 12:49PM
Estimated Monthly Payment
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Community Homes Near 9 Lots Evergreen Dr
Buyer understands that the information which is contained on Data pages is obtained from a number of different sources and which has not been independently verified or confirmed by the various real estate brokers and agents who have been and are involved in this transaction. If any particular measurement or data element is important or material to buyer, Buyer assumes all responsibility and liability to research, verify and confirm said data element and measurement. REALTOR *MLS* Equal Housing Opportunity


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Does Spiceworks work with a fresh install of Exchange 2010?
2 Replies
· · ·
Feb 3, 2011 at 2:36 UTC
Millertime Services is an IT service provider.
Yes, search for push_exchange.ps1 and make sure you find the article with the script (oh wait, I've attached mine)
rename the call_exchange_push.ps1 to .bat and edit it according to your environment.
Must have powershell 2.0, which is called a different name now.
· · ·
Feb 3, 2011 at 4:28 UTC
Grant is right - this should get things up and running in terms of inventorying the Exchange server.
If you're referring to the Help Desk/Email Settings side, then yes there too. We have recently added some additional support for Exchange 2010. If you have issues getting Spiceworks to connect properly (Email Settings) please let us know.


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- 11.08.13
- fast feed
Stars Shine For Facebook As It Moves Rating System Into Prominent Position
The company hopes stars will add the granularity it needs to succeed as a discovery engine.
Facebook users may be seeing stars this morning as the social network extends its ratings system. While the stars are nothing new for the social network–they launched last year on mobile as a feature of Facebook's Nearby service–they're appearing on desktop versions of the service for the first time.
The company hopes the rating system will help it compete against discovery engines like Foursquare and Yelp. "We're extending star ratings on Facebook from mobile to desktop–to make it easier for people to discover great businesses around them," Facebook told TechCrunch in a statement. "This is beneficial for both businesses and consumers. Star ratings encourage more people to rate a business, making it eligible to appear in News Feed and help others discover a business they didn't know about previously. For businesses themselves, this also leads to greater brand awareness."


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By Jim Cheng, USA TODAY
Iron Man 2 proved its mettle over the weekend, kicking off the summer movie season by opening with an estimated $133.6 million.
The splashy sequel to the 2008 hit comic-book adaptation marked Paramount's biggest three-day opening and the fifth-biggest opening weekend of all time, surpassing 2007's Shrek the Third.
TOP 10 CHART: See how your favorite films fared at the multiplex
"It's a tremendous opening for a regular weekend," when kids are still in school, says Don Harris, Paramount's executive vice president of distribution.
He notes that Iron Man 2 opened 35% higher than the original, a rare feat for a sequel. Iron Man earned $98.6 million in its first weekend.
Iron Man 2 also set a 2-D record for IMAX, with $10.2 million coming from the large-screen format, surpassing Star Trek's $8.5 million.
"It just shows that whether 2-D or 3-D, people are seeking out the IMAX experience," says Greg Foster, IMAX's chairman and president.
Though Iron Man 2's No. 1 opening was to be expected, one surprise is the number of female fans (40%). "It's the Robert Downey Jr. factor," Harris says. He also expects Iron Man 2 to remain popular with moviegoers, given its strong performance with men and woman across all age groups.
Nightmare on Elm Street was second with $9.2 million. How to Train Your Dragon earned $6.8 million for third and brought its total to $201.1 million. Date Night ($5.3 million) and The Back-up Plan ($4.3 million) rounded out the top five.
Babies, which follows four children in different parts of the world from birth to their first steps, opened to $1.6 million in 534 theaters for 10th place, a good showing for a documentary opening in summer.
The film benefited from a popular trailer and a grass-roots marketing plan, says Jack Foley, president of distribution for Focus Features, which released the film.
"Everybody came out. And business surged 81% from Friday to Saturday," he says.
He and Harris expected the good news and big numbers for their movies to continue on Sunday. "You're going to find that a lot of people took their mothers to see Iron Man2 on Mother's Day," Harris says.
"I hope (Babies) didn't hurt Iron Man too much," Foley jokes.
Final figures are due today.
Guidelines: You share in the USA TODAY community, so please keep your comments smart and civil. Don't attack other readers personally, and keep your language decent. Use the "Report Abuse" button to make a difference. Read more.


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The pope gave Diaz the traditional letter he gives new ambassadors. In it, he outlines the Church's stance on topics of mutual interest, like the economic crisis, nuclear weapons and the tense relationship between American bishops and the Obama administration over abortion issues.
In his letter, Benedict says that the Church has no intention of introducing dogma into political debate, but rather proposing points of view grounded in natural law. He says that if the ethics of life are not respected, they won't be respected in the realm of social themes either.
The pope went on to mention his meeting with President Obama in July and thanked him for his efforts against nuclear weapons. With regards to the economic crisis Benedict called for ethical measures that secure the development of all people and the individual person.
Ambassador Diaz, on the other hand, highlighted that the Vatican and the United States share certain priorities like inter-religious dialogue, environmental issues, food security and ethical ways to solve the economic crisis.
Before being named ambassador, Diaz was a professor of theology at St. John's University in Minnesota. The pope took the opportunity to wish him a happy 46th birthday which he celebrated just a few days before the meeting.


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Tree falls on apartment, displaces 30
CHARLOTTE - Thirty people, including six children, were forced to leave their homes after a tree fell onto the Hollis House Apartments overnight Friday.
The apartments are located on Weston Street in south Charlotte. Four units at the complex were damaged when the tree fell.
A resident Channel 9 spoke to said he did not know what was going on when a neighbor came yelling for them to get out.
"The fire department just came right here and just made everybody evacuate. We had to go stay at a Standard Stay and it was just crazy," said resident Jabarrie Dean.
No one was hurt when the tree came crashing down. The Red Cross is helping the families who were displaced.


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He told Standard Sport: "Not many players from my part of the world have settled in England and I thought about this all the time before I joined the club.
"At first I thought I would have big trouble here but now I don't. I have good players around me but I still think I will need a little time to settle down to the faster game in England.
"I asked Savo Milosevic, who has been here with Aston Villa and who is a good friend of mine, about playing in England.
"He told me it was very physical. But I feel I can do well in the Premiership once I improve that side of my game."
Acimovic, who is not 25 until December, has certainly looked the part in pre-season, impressing against Celtic and Lazio in particular.
Spurs manager Hoddle had moved quickly to wrap up the deal before Acimovic played for Slovenia in the World Cup finals. Although his country went out in the group stage, he looked sharp and scored against Paraguay, his 10th international goal in 42 games.
As a boy, Acimovic spent hours perfecting his technique at Slovenian club Olympia under the watchful eye of his father.
He recalled: "My father worked for Olympia and I spent 10 years with them as a youngster. They are one of the biggest clubs in the country. I started there when I was about seven.
"I worked hard every day to fulfil my dream of playing for Red Star Belgrade because when I was young, they were my favourite team. So to get the chance to play for them was something special for me.
"I played one game for the national team against Croatia and someone from Red Star spotted me. I could not believe it when they called and asked me to sign a four-year deal for them. It was a great moment for me."
Although Red Star gave him the platform for stardom, his time there was traumatic. During four years with Red Star, Acimovic lived through the horrors of NATO's bombing campaign in 1999.
Acimovic said: "The break-up of Yugoslavia into smaller countries was a big change. I will never forget when NATO were bombing Belgrade because we were training when the air-raid sirens started going. People had to go down into the shelters and everybody had to come off the street.
"This is something you never forget. Planes came mostly in the
night and it was very frightening for the first two days but after that, we somehow got used to it.
"I stayed in Belgrade at this time but my mother was very worried about me and so I decided to go back home to Slovenia to join her until the bombing was over.
"It was very difficult to stay in Belgrade because a bomb could have landed on us even though we knew they were targeting certain houses."
There were other dangers for Red Star players, not least from their own fanatical fans. They were so incensed that Red Star had the temerity to draw one game after an unbeaten run stetching back one-and-a-half years, that they wrecked the team coach as it drove through the streets.
Acimovic said: "I did a lot of good things at Red Star but it was time to move on because of those problems we had with fans. They expect the team to win every match We hadn't lost for 53 games and then, after drawing one match, they wrecked our bus by smashing windows.
"It shocked me initially but I experienced it several times after, especially when Slovenia played Croatia. Whenever we play there five or six men hold up the bus and smash all the windows with missiles.
"There were also problems for me when I played for Slovenia against Yugoslavia while being part of the Red Star team. I used to get such abuse when I played in Belgrade for Slovenia. It is the same in Croatia.
"When you see these things you wonder if our peoples will ever be together again. Young people don't understand and want to fight against everybody else.
"In Slovenia we live with lots of people from Bosnia, Serbia and Croatia and in bars you sit with Muslims and Serbs, but we are all living together. This does not happen elsewhere.
"I stayed at Red Star for four years but a lot of things changed. The economy is not good in Belgrade because things in Yugoslavia have gone downhill. What little money people have they use for food and not to watch football.
"We had a stadium in Belgrade that could hold 85,000 people but only 2,000 turned up to watch us in matches against smaller teams. The only big games at home were against Partizan Belgrade."
Weighing everything up, Acimovic decided it was time to move and rejected the chance to sign a new deal at Red Star.
He clearly can't wait to make his Premiership debut at Everton on Saturday. He said: "What has impressed me is that in England everybody is interested in only football. I can't wait to show the Spurs fans how much more there is to come from me."Reuse content


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The following individuals will interview with the Green Local Schools Football Selection Committee for the Green Bulldog Head Football coaching position. Interviews will begin next week with a new coach recommended to the Green Board of Education by early May.
Ed Cybak
Tim Flossie
Phil LaRocca
Scott Pollock
Erik Shipe
John Tanksley
Jon Wallace


text: Culture, Music Take a Wild Guess Which Guy In This Video Is On Drugs At This Willie Nelson Concert September 30, 2013 Chris Partlow I am not going to ruin it for you, but look closely. You have plenty of options, and don't expect me to give you any clues. [Live Leak]