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April 24, 1991
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Wednesday, April 24, 1991
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Tuesday, April 23, 1991
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Thursday, April 25, 1991
New Braunfels Herald Zeitung
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New Braunfels Herald Zeitung
New Braunfels, Texas
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New Braunfels Herald Zeitung (Newspaper) - April 24, 1991, New Braunfels, Texas Stammtisch Best wishes The New Braunfels Herald-Zeitung wishes ''happy birthday" today to Robert Reviea, Roy O. Young, Peter Ulloa, Johnny Rodriguez, Roger Cruz, Amelia Garza, Carlos Castilleja, Mike Ivy, Rumaldo Aguirre, Nacho Flores, Zae Garrott, Johnny Rodriguez and Sebastian Alvarado. Belated birthday greetings to Angie Alanis. "Happy anniversary" today to Gary and Julie Erben and Juan and Rose Bustos Best wishes to all secretaries, too. Many bosses took time to pay tribute for National Secretary's Day today on Page 5B. Know of a birthday or anniversary? Give our receptionist a call the day before at 625-9144 — we'd like to share in the greetings. NBTA meeting The New Braunfels Tennis Association will meet at 7:30 p.m. today at Ncwk's Tennis Ranch. All tennis players are welcome to attend. Brown Bag Concerts The fourth in a series of Brown Bag Concerts is set from noon to 12:45 p.m. Friday at Main Plaza. Sponsored by the Downtown Project will be a performance by David Owens. On May 3, the final concert will be prcsencd by Paul McLauglin of the Grapes of Wrath. Street closings Closed from 8 a.m. to noon today for street repairs is Live Oak Avenue from San Antonio Street to U.S. Highway 81. Closed from noon to 3:30 will be Jackson Street from Live Oak to Mesquite avenues and Hackberry Avenue from Stonewall Street to U.S. 81. Dollar bag sale The New Braunfels Community Service Center will hold a Dollar Bag Sale from 9 a.m. to 4 p.m. Thursday. Participants arc asked to bring their own grocery store bag. Arbor Day In celebration of Arbor Day, a tree planting ceremony is slated for 3 p.m. Friday at luanda Park. A tree givcway also is scheduled; approximately 125 bald cypress seedlings will be distributed. The public is invited to attend. Tickets for sale Tickets for Folkfcst '91 are on sale for $3 for adults. (Children under 18 enter free). Tickets will get you admission on die grounds of Conservation Plaza and the Museum of Texas Handmade Furniture May 4. Pick tickets up al New Braunfels Resorts, Chamber of Commerce, and Sophicnburg Museum. Canoe safety The city of New Braunfels Parks and Recreation Department will conduct an American Red Cross Fundamentals of Canoeing Certification Course this Saturday, May 4 and May 11 from 9 a.m. to 4 p.m. Fee is $65 per person. Participants must be 11 years old or older and must attend all 18 hours of class time to qualify for certification. Prc-registralion is required and will continue until April 25. For more information call 629-PARK. Support group The New Braunfels Multiple Sm STAMMTISCH, Peg* 2A Good Day A chance for afternoon and evening thundershowers is forecast for the next several days, with highs in the low 80s and lows in the high 60s anticipated. The high in New Braunfels Tuesday was 79 and the overnight low was 65. For more weather information, please see Page 2A. Inside: CLASSIFIED........................5-SB COMICS..................................4B CROSSWORD........................SA DEAR ABBY..........................2B EDUCATION...........................SB ENTERTAINMENT..................TA HOROSCOPE.........................4B KALEIDOSCPE....................1-5B SPORTS.............................(MOA TV LISTINGS..........................4B WEATHER..............................2ACANYON, NB IN MIDDLE OF PACKS AT REGIONAL GOLF—Snr>**~ Page 8A New Braunfels HO 09 10TSHltf6 4l0,.lFst«icPOPrR SO'WE = VADELL tP 2 bl' - Ty 79903 _ ... c k SO i Vol. 139, No. 113 707 Lands St.. New Braunfels, Texas 78130 (LISPS 377-880) 512-625-9144 Wednesday April 24, 1991 25 Cents Two Sections, 18 Pages Vote on coach debated Auto accident Emergency medical technicians transport a victim of an automobile accident to McKenna Memorial Hospital Tuesday afternoon. The accident occurred on the Interstate 35 access road in front of the Holiday Inn. (Photo by Erik Karlsson) Form focuses on budgetary issues City Council candidates Susan Curtis, left, and Eddie Temple watch as Rudy Seidel answers a question. Master of ceremonies Wallace Henk-elmen looks on. A fourth candidate. Joe Kuehler, is hidden by the podium. (Photo by Karla Wenzel) By JANINE GREEN Managing Editor In a non-partisan forum sponsored by Comal County Democrats, four of the five candidates seeking two spots on the New Braunfels City Council answered a variety of questions. The forum, held in the Civic Center lobby Tuesday evening, opened with District 3 hopefuls Rudy Seidel and Joe Kuehler and District 4 candidates Eddie Temple and Susan Curtis answering questions posed in advance by the event's organizers. They later took questions from the audience of about 30 gathered for the event. A third candidate for District 4, Paul Fraser, declined an invitation to participate. Serving as master of ceremonies was Wallace Henkelman and speakers drew numbers to establish the order in which they would speak. The opening "question" cited understaffmg of some fire stations while asking the candidates how, if elected, they would enhance city revenue. Seidel detailed "a local financial institution" forced by the banking crisis to cut its staff from 56 to 38. "They're giving the same service, they're giving it in the same time frame with 18 less employees. That tells you there was fat or waste," he said. He said he feels efforts to boost the city's budget must first begin with making sure city employees "give a full day's work for full day's pay" or "double up on some duties." Kuehler said that until the area's overall economy improves, "every body's going to have to work together" and ' tough it out." He sees another key as attracting business that would help diversify the economy and "make us not so dependent on the tourist dollar. Tourism is too much like farming — no one can predict the weather." Temple used his incumbency to address the question, saying "One thing I would say is that we have kept taxes and other rates as low as we could" and that city "services have become more efficient." He said he "opposes the idea of enhancing revenue because that sounds too much like a new tax. We should focus instead on enhancing the efficiency of the services the city offers." Curtis agreed "there's no quick fix." She said, "What we need are innovative ways lo enhance the tax base." In addition to dependence on sales tax revenues, she encouraged cooperation with such organizations as the New Braunfels Chamber of Commerce to attract "clean industries" to the area. She also praised the city's recouping of funds from concessions in Lamia Park and praised plans :o add a "glass-bottom boat on Landa Lake to educate the public about our springs while deriving revenue." On the subject of attracting business and industry to New Braunfels: • Seidel cited his experiencing leasing business properties to say local firms must "go with the flow" and "offer properties at prices businesses can afford." • Kuehler encouraged "putung egos out of the way" and "everybody pulling together — the city, die chamber, the industrial foundation, the private sector We need to actively pursue, court, talk to, encourage" the locauon of new business in New Bruanfels. • Temple said businesses seeking to relocate want "low taxes, good schools, a good hospital, a good infrastructure. That has been made clear by many industrial prospects." He cited efforts to improve downtown New Braunfels and praised "reinvestment of more than $1 million in that area." • Curtis said the "center, the heart, the image in your mind" of New Braunfels is the Main Plaza area. "We have eight new building owners, a new restaurant, three new retail stores and 24 jobs created" in that area and encouraged the appiicauon of similar development principals to stimulate growth of the tax base. On the subject of mum taming the flow of Comal Springs, even if that means limning use of water pumped from the Edwards Aquifer by New Braunfels: SM FORUM. ,«g* 2A • Two trustees seek to rescind votes made in open forum. By STEPHANIE FERGUSON N«w« Editor A week after New Braunfels Independent School District trustees selected a football coach and athletic director, two board members are asking to have their votes rescinded. "We're looking in to rescinding our vote in open session so that we will feel better about ourselves," said Trustee Robert Clarke. "I would like to have my vote rescinded, and then if I have the opportunity to vote again f would like to have that opportunity," said Trustee Jean Ward. Clarke and Ward presented a letter to Board President Bob Self and Superintendent Charles Bradberry Tuesday asking for a full review of policies and procedures for rescinding their votes until a review of all policies involved in the selection of school personnel could be reviewed. On April 18 the board of trustees in a 6-1 vote hired New Braunfels High School Assistant Coach Lew Sim-monds to be head football coach and athletic director. A search committee and NBHS Principal John Turman had recommended that former University of North Texas Coach Corky Nelson be selected for the job. Trustee Nayo Zamora was the one member to cast a vote against hiring Simmonds, because he said he wanted to follow the committee's recommendat ion. And now, Ward and Clarke said they wished they would have fol-lowed the committees recommendation "We didn't follow our principal's recommendation. I think this is a letdown to John Turman, who has been here for many years and we should have honored his (recommendation)," Oarke said Tuesday at the regularly-scheduled school board meeting. 'We are looking into rescinding our open forum vote. Nayo was the only one who had the guts to sit there and vote.... I felt dirty after that meeting. I don't think all the board members voted their conscience." Zamora said after the meeting he was glad Clarke and Ward made the request. "I'm glad they really would like the community to know what really is going on as far as the vote. Stall the majority rules and we will have to go along with it." he said. "I know we wanted to come up with a unanimous vote and I could never go along with something that is not my convicuons." Board President Bob Self said it s tune to move on from the decision made. "I kind of feel tike this is an issue that's been resolved and we should (rut it behind us. I understand and I SM NBISD. Pag* 2A NEU board grants raise for its general manager By STEPHANIE FERGUSON tows Editor New Braunfels Utilities General Manager Bob Sohn was granted approximately an annual $2,300 raise Tuesday after the board of trustees gave him high marks, especially for his work on the LCRA rate case. "Our general manager ... look us through a very difficult and arduous task," said Trustee O.A. "Skip" Siraiemann of the rate case. The Texas Public Utility Commission last week approved a negotiated settlement of the Lower Colorado River Authority rate case which led to a base increase of about $4.3 million compared lo the original $26 million requested and freezes LCRA rates through 1993. Trustee Robert Ort, who made the motion to grant the raise, said Sohn went "above and beyond" while providing leadership to a coalition of four wholesale customers of the LCRA. Sohn sawed as spokesman for the New Braunfels Group during the fight, comprised of the Guadalupe Valley Electric Cooperative, Dewitt County Electric Cooperative, San Bernard Electric Cooperative and New Braunfels Uuliues "We've accomplished a lot," Sohn said. "It was lime we got something back for our dollars spent," Slratemaiui said. The raise granted Tuesday bruigs Sohn's salary up to $69,000 a year Also Tuesday, members of the board of trustees recognized Mayo* Amo Becker, who attended his last meeting as a board member Tuesday. Becker is not running for reelection iii the May 4 election. The mayor of the city of New Braunfels sits on the NBU Board of Trustees RLRN sets 'New Braunfels Night' I grri Smyth, coordinator of the KIHN auction, addresses a local Rotary Club. (Photo by Stephanie Ferguson) By STEPHANIE FERGUSON News Editor Ciuzens in New Braunieis donated inure than $18,000 worth of merchandise ibis year tor tile KL RN public television aucuon, indicating a record year, according lo un aucuon coordinator. "I applaud you for thai," said Tern Smyth, who is coordinating KLRN's Silver Jubilee Aucuon slated for May 4-11. "Your support has been very, very important to us." Srnyth discussed the upcoming aucuon and "New Braunieis Night' at the auction. May 8, with members of the New Braunieis Evening Kouuy Club at Dina's Haus Tuesday. KLRN-Channel 9, servuig a rnuiupie-coumy viewing mea, rarses IO percent of tis annual revenue through the aucuon each year. Ibis year marks the 25th year of the aucuon. Smyth said with the 3,000 nails donated, worth about $500,000, the television station will make about $300,000. And people will be able to bid oil such I terns as a collapsible deer stand, a registered bud dog with joining tape. an emerald and diamond rutg, airplane tickets, and a list of other specialty item*. "New Braunieis Night* is sponsored by New Braudels Net aid-Zeuung, KGNB KNBT Radio and Citizen* Bank. "ll s a ume when you can do something good tot die community, ' she said about local residents gelling behmd "New Braunieis Night." For more information about the aucuon call Kl.RN at 512/270-9000. ;
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Cliff Burns
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Cliff Burns is a pilot that was in lost in the center of the Earth.
Cliff Burns was a pilot that tried to stop the evil forces of Nurtog, but was defeated. He later helped the Ghostbusters defeat Nurtog after he went to New York.


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208 Barton Springs Rd. Austin, TX 78704 (888) 421-1442
Driving Directions
On January 27-28, 2017, the 2017 TMA Winter Conference took place at the Hyatt Regency Austin. Among the highlights of the meeting was Dr. Brian Williams, lead trauma surgeon on call during the July 2016 police-involved shooting in Dallas. His presentation "Bridging Cultural Gaps in America: The Intersection of Race, Violence, and Medicine" is now available to view online.
See Dr. Williams' Presentation
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I have to say, I'm a little surprised by my goal achievements this month.
Last month I made no promises when it came to the blog and as far as education, I had planned to take my camera on outings to play around with techniques.
Well, I completely forgot to take my camera with me when we went out and that's not a bad thing, as I got to enjoy just being out with my family. But I did manage to get a couple of blogging books read, which was awesome. And although you guys can't see it, I have actually been doing some blogging stuff behind the scenes and I even have some guest posts on another site that I'll share with you guys soon.
We spent Easter weekend enjoying family time, making use of our very neglected BBQ and binge watching the new season of Daredevil on Netflix.
We expanded on teaching the kids new skills by mixing up the families chores and hubby taught Jake how to mow the lawn, which he's done 4 times already and wants the grass to grow quicker so he can do it again. I figure the novelty will eventually ware off but I'll make the most of it until then.
Unfortunately our gym still hasn't opened (delay in equipment being shipped) but we did manage to enjoy a couple of impromptu get together's with friends, which was great fun.
This month I decided to take a whole new tack when it came to my health and it is paying off nicely. I've been trying to get some exercise in each day and my energy level has improved heaps as a result.
I've been enjoying some light reading and movie watching as my selfish indulgence and I even managed a couple of shopping adventures and lunch treats. I've had fun performing Random Acts Of Kindness and have even been the recipient of a couple too, which is such a great feeling.
I still enjoy those moments of reflection each day and taking the time to be grateful for all that I have. These will continue to be goals for the rest of the year.
So here are my goals for April:
2016 Monthly Goals ~ April
- Spend quality time with friends and family. I'm keeping it simple and going with what works and what brings me joy this month.
- Continue with my current way of eating and up the exercise. I've been feeling much better and I've even had reduced symptoms. I plan to kick it up a notch with a more dedicated exercise plan and more focus on what I'm eating.
- Do what makes me happy and do what I can to bring joy to others. Helping others makes me happy so I want to keep going with the RAOK's. I'm also really loving getting back into reading and listening to music,so I want to make those a regular part of my day.
- My daily reflections and gratefulness have become habit so aren't really needed as a goal anymore, but maybe having them here will help inspire someone else.
- I plan to implement some new routines to help get the chaos under control and make life a little simpler around here.
- I have a couple of blog posts just about ready to go and a few other changes that I'll be implementing. I'm feeling my blogging mojo return as my energy increases and hopefully that will result in a more present me.
- I still have a couple more blogging books to read and I'd like to brush up on my SEO (Search Engine Optimisation). But I'm not going to put too much pressure on myself.
Basically I'm adopting the mantra of Keep It Simple. No need to make life any more complicated than it needs to be.


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Mike Trout hit two of the Angels three home runs Tuesday night, accounting for four runs as the visitor's pummeled the Indians 9-3 in the second game of a four-game series at Progressive Field.
While the Indians pitching staff couldn't match the previous night's tidy effort that resulted in an efficient Game One win, Angels young right-handed pitcher Matt Shoemaker did all the dominating on the mound in this game.
The youngster pitched a career-high eight innings, limiting the Tribe's offense to two runs on a David Murphy ground out in the second inning and Lonnie Chisenhall solo home run in the fourth.
Indians starter Josh Tomlin dished up six runs (five earned) on 11 hits in just 5 1/3 innings en route to his fourth loss. Meanwhile, Shoemaker all but cruised through his start, limiting the Indians to five hits and striking out a career-best 10 in his fourth win of the season.
But just as the Tribe was coming to bat in the bottom of the ninth, the rain that had threatened all night began to fall. The tarp was called for and the game was delayed by 11 minutes before it continued after a breif shower.
Shoemaker initailly had come out looking to earn the complete game. But after the rain, reliever Ernesto Frieri was called on to finish off the game. But the Indians scratched another run across the plate when they opened the ninth inning against the Angels closer, who'd come on to get work in the blowout.
Kipnis led off with a double against Frieri, and Santana earned an infield RBI single when no one bothered to cover home plate and Kipnis scored.


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Dancing with the Stars (TV Series)
2011 Grand Finale (2011)
Plot Summary
The three remaining couples perform a "redemption" dance chosen by the judges and a Cha-Cha face-off in which each couple will be on their own under the spotlight for 40 seconds, then the couple with the lowest score, combined from the judges' scores and viewer votes, is eliminated. The final two couples perform a freestyle dance, then the couple with the higher combined score is announced as the winner.- Written by Allister Coots
Be the first to contribute! Just click the "Edit page" button at the bottom of the page or learn more in the Synopsis submission guide.


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America remembers those fallen during viewings of 'Independence Day'
'Thousands never made it out of the movie theatres alive. It was carnage.' [read...]
'Thousands never made it out of the movie theatres alive. It was carnage.' [read...]
Historians have said that Nancy Reagan, who died earlier this week, was not only a former First Lady of the USA but the first identifiable human female. Mrs Reagan, who was born in New York during the early Paleocene era, [read...]
25 years after the hit movie, Back to the Future, scientists at Cerne have discovered time travellers from the real future have already made a prequel to the film, which was secretly released ten years before the 1989 original, [read...]
Paramount Studios has given the green light to the sixth film in the Mission Impossible series, provisionally entitled 'Passing For Straight'. [read...]


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Accenture is hiring FRESHERS from 2013 batch for Associate profile
We are hiring Commerce Fresh Graduates 2013 pass out (Bcom,BBA,BBM)
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How to Apply:


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7 - 9
As master of the lonely beast,
He guides it on to plant the crops,
The power of hooves with four to push,
And loosen up the hungry earth,
For him to fill with dragon's teeth,
Fresh plucked by such a gentle hand,
With such a spite to his new loss,
From cares and loves and worries young,
His princess smiles at this new life,
As does the blacksmith from on high,
To help him conquer all.
Up from the dirt sprouts just a hand,
An arm, a chest, a whole body,
Shaking the ground from its new form,
It stretches, yawns with ancient might,
Drawing an arm for its defence,
And hold it proud for sheer offence,
To let the blade shake with the wind,
And slice straight through the empty air.
Comes horror from the hero young,
As armies flee the darkened land,
And scare the old King too.
His own army join the battle,
With swords as sharp as mortals make,
They cut the sown men, pierce their flesh,
No blood from them should grace the soil,
But back they fought with instinct new,
Too great in strength for simple men,
For salvation was clouded up,
With their own blood blinding the troops,
The King, the answer in his hand,
Too late the gem was thrown among,
For brave heroes to fall.


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Let us know when your receive great advice so we can thank our lawyers and point others with similar questions in the right direction.Got it!
I do not want to get the divorce papers served without a restraining order or an idea of when he will leave. Should a sheriff serve it? My attorney will not answer my questions. Anyone out there willing to help in San Antonio?
Normally, a standard temporary restraining order (TRO) can be obtained immediately at the time of filing, and served on your husband along with the divorce petition. This TRO is obtained "ex parte" from the judge without a hearing, and contains about 20 items that your husband is prohibited from doing, such as removing you from health, life, or auto insurance; harassing you or committing family violence, stalking you, removing you from the home, removing or encumbering property, withdrawing money from bank accounts (except for living expenses or attorney's fees), canceling utilities, or entering or controlling a car you have possession of.
Because the TRO is obtained without a hearing, it is valid for only 2 weeks, to allow time for you to schedule a court hearing. The TRO normally will NOT have the immediate effect of removing your husband from the marital home, but you can ask for "exclusive use and possession" of the marital home when you have the hearing on temporary orders, at which time the court will decide who stays in the home while the divorce is pending, and the other party must vacate the home.
The one exception to the rule that a party cannot be excluded from the home immediately without a hearing is if there has been domestic violence (or threats of domestic violence) committed within the 30 days immediately prior to filing. If that is the case, your lawyer can prepare a "temporary ex parte protective order" seeking immediate removal of your husband from the home, and have you sign a sworn affidavit describing the violence or threats that occurred within the last 30 days. You would accompany your lawyer to swear under oath before a judge about exactly what occurred.
If the judge grants the temporary ex parte protective, a law enforcement officer may be ordered to accompany you to the home, serve your husband, and stand by while your husband immediately gathers his clothes and personal effects and vacates the home. A hearing on the protective order would be scheduled within 20 days, at which time your husband would have his day in court to contest the protective order, and after hearing evidence, the judge would decide whether to grant a permanent protective order.
Absent evidence of family violence, your husband cannot be forced out of the home until a hearing his held in court.
You should discuss your options with your attorney. If you are not satisfied with your attorney's representation or advice, you have the absolute right to seek new representation.
Please feel contact me if you have any questions.
Marc A. Pederson
As Mr. Pederson stated, a standard TRO can be obtained when filing the divorce petition. To obtain what is commonly called a "kick-out order" the court must find that 1) you are currently living in the home and have been for the last 30 days, 2) your spouse has committed family violence within the last 30 days and 3) there is clear and present danger that your spouse will commit family violence against someone in the household. You can ask for law enforcement assistance. You must file a sworn affidavit as to the facts and circumstances of the family violence that are very particluar as to the time frame and acts, showing you have lived at the residence for the last 30 days and that there is a clear and present danger of family violence. You should also appear at court when the "kick-out order" is being asked for. from the court. Within 14 days, a hearing shall occur to determine wheter the order should continue.
If you do not think you will qualify for this, a standard TRO can be helpful and serving by a sheriff my help. You also have the hearing within 14 days to decide who stays in the home.
With kindest regards,
Mysti Murphy
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The Massachusetts Department of Early Education and Care (EEC) in partnership with the Head Start State Collaboration Office (HSSCO) is inviting early education and care providers in selected communities to participate in the FY12 Collaboration Needs Assessment Survey. This brief survey will assist the Department in identifying best practices, fostering greater cooperation, collaboration, coordination and transition to elementary schools and alignment with K-12 education around comprehensive services for children, pregnant women and families and support EEC's mixed delivery system for all children in the Commonwealth.
As a valuable part of this work, EEC encourages early education and care programs which includes child care centers, family child care educators, public preschool programs, kindergarten, Head Start and Early Head Start programs to participate in this survey which will provide an integrated response that reflects the diverse field of the early education programs in Massachusetts. Please visit the following link https://www.surveymonkey.com/s/HSNeedsAssessmentFY12 to share your input through this quick, confidential survey. This survey will be open for responses until Friday, June 8, 2012
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Thank you in advance for your participation.


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Truly Enchanting Vintage Children's Story Book Illustrated by Anne & Janet Grahame Johnstone.....
I am so excited to share this recent acquisitions, I've been on another run of nabbing some awesome vintage children's and collectible books. So I'm going to jump straight to it and show you my favourite this Dean's Gift Book of Fairy Tales. I had an idea when I saw Dean's on the title of the book that I might be on to a winner, as I already possess some other Dean Publications books which are rare and from the 1950's. The illustrations in this 1967 book are delightful and I am totally smitten with the design in the inside of the front and back cover.
Aren't they amazing?
I have a wee bit of research to follow through on involving the works of the illustrators of this book Anne and Janet Grahame Johnstone, who were quite prolific children's books illustrators in Britain in the 1950's - 1960's and beyond. Their story is amazing, they were twins an up until the death of Janet in 1979 they never solely illustrated a book individually, until that time all their work had been done together. Here is the
Wiki link
to their story and a bit of history about them, absolutely worth a few minutes of your time for the read. Some of their most noted work was with Dodie Smith the author of One Hundred and One Dalmatians and Edin Blyton's, The Enchanted Wood which is noted as being one of the twins most collectible works of illustrations.
My online investigations regarding this title, and regarding what dealers are selling this title for have thrown me some seriously crazy results. Let's just say some results indicate I could take myself out for dinner at the local Indian place I love if I sold it at one particular price. However other results indicate that it I could treat myself to a night away somewhere nice. I'm holding out to consult with a vintage/antique book dealer friend of ours. I have however become rather fond of the twins story (being a twin angel mumma myself) and I'm rather fond of holding on to this book and starting a collection of the books they have illustrated.
Life & Style


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Ml Connector, Hex 7/8 In, PK10
PARKER| Zoro #: G1809622| Mfr #: VS68AB-10-8
Zoro #: G1809622Mfr. Part #: VS68AB-10-8
$71.86 /pk
This item ships free. DetailsStandard ground shipping
Technical Specifications
|Zoro #: G1809622 Mfr #: VS68AB-10-8
|Item: Male Connector
|Pressure (PSI): up to 400 psi
|Tube Size: 5/8"
|Hex Size: 7/8
|Pipe Size: 1/2"
|Connection: Compression
|Standards: DOT FMVSS 571.106 and SAE J263
|Sub-Category: Straight Connectors
|Type: Male
|Material: Brass
|Temp. Range: -65 to 250F
|Length: 2.67
|Country of Origin (subject to change): United States
Product Description
Male Connector, Length 2.67, Hex Size 7/8 In, Pipe Size 1/2 In, Tube Size 5/8 In, Pressure up to 400 psi PSI, Connection Compression, Temp. Range -65 to 250F, Material Brass, For Use With Copper, J844 Nylon, Standards DOT FMVSS 571.106 and SAE J263, Package Quantity 10
Restrictions and Compliance
- *1 : California Proposition 65 : This product contains a chemical known to the State of California to cause birth defects or other reproductive harm.
- *2 : California Proposition 65 : This product contains a chemical known to the State of California to cause cancer.


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While it's not hard to buy replacement parts for Saturn vehicles, these days only the absolute best are required to repair your automobile. Obviously, you bought your L200 because you understood you would be getting horsepower and great value both impeccably combined into one automobile. Saturn automobile drivers have come to expect a certain level of dependability when driving their L200 around town. It's not all the time that you realize that you have to buy a replacement Oil Pan for your car or truck.
The longevity of our engines depends on how well they are cared for and lubricated. Since the automobile was invented, engine oil has been that lubricant... and it is kept in your Saturn L200 oil pan. The oil pan is sometimes called a sump, as it is the lowest part of the crankcase and where all the oil collects. Since your oil pan is so vulnerable to the open road below it, it is a prime candidate for being dinged, dented, and otherwise damaged by debris. Be mindful of rust accumulating under your Saturn L200, as oil pans have a tendency to corrode if left unattended.
Get your L200 back on the road with the highest quality new or rebuilt parts from the experts at Car Parts Discount. Given all the trouble that can be involved with installing a part to fix your car or truck, let www.carpartsdiscount.com be the number one store you go to make purchasing it easy. At Car Parts Discount, we have live customer service members on the phone with enough expertise to help you purchase the appropriate Saturn L200 part for your needs. If your car or truck was built in 2003, 2002, 2001, then you will find the correct Saturn L200 Oil Pan parts right here.


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Q&A on the Book Agendashift Part I
In the book Agendashift, Mike Burrows describes an inclusive, non-prescriptive, values-based, and outcome-centric approach to continuous transformation. He explores several lean and agile techniques that can be used in workshops and coaching to do lasting change.
Q&A with Shawn Callahan on Putting Stories to Work
The book Putting Stories to Work by Shawn Callahan provides a process with a practical approach to master business storytelling; a leadership skill that helps to achieve results. It contains many stories that can help you to use storytelling for business communication and culture change.
Q&A with Dave Snowden on Leadership and Using Cynefin for Capturing Requirements
Dave Snowden gave a talk titled "Context is Everything" at the Scaling Agile for the Enterprise 2016 congress in Brussels, Belgium. InfoQ interviewed him about applying leadership models, the Cynefin model and how it can be used for capturing requirements, scaling agile, and sustainable change.
Q&A on the Lean IT Field Guide
In the book The Lean IT Field Guide Mike Orzen and Tom Paider explain how to initiate, execute, and sustain a Lean IT transformation.
Q&A on Exploring the Practice of Antifragility
In the book exploring the practice of antifragility Si Alhir and Donald E. Gould collected experiences with and perspectives on applying antifragility.
Building Flat Organizations with Cross-functional Teams and Fewer Managers
Hierarchical organizations can't react to new market opportunities and changes fast enough, this impedes the company's survival in the long run. An interview on teamworking and increasing agility.
Q&A on The Agile Mind-Set
Gil Broza explores agile values, beliefs and principles, and explains how they can be used to drive agile adoption in his book The Agile Mind-set.
Q&A on Agendashift with Mike Burrows
Agendashift is a values-based Kanban approach to organizational transformation, covering delivery, change and leadership. An interview with Mike Burrows.
Q&A on Kanban Change Leadership
In the book Kanban Change Leadership Klaus Leopold and Sigi Kaltenecker explore how Kanban can be deployed to get change done in organizations and to build a culture of continuous improvement.
Q&A on "The Coaching Booster"
The book the coaching booster by Shirly Ronen-Harel and Jens R. Woinowski explores different coaching methods and practices and describes a framework for coaches to help people to reach their goals.
Increasing your Agility: An interview with Dave Thomas
While the "Agile" industry is busy debasing the meaning of the word, the underlying values are still strong. Dave Thomas suggests to stop using the word agile and switch to agility.
Q&A with Claudio Perrone on PopcornFlow / Evolve and Disrupt
Claudio Perrone talks about continuous evolution, servant leadership, popcorn flow (continuous evolution through rapid experimentation), and doing experiments to make change more continuous.


text: steung siem reap hotelResults 1 - 15 of about 100 for steung siem reap hotel Bangkok to Siem Reap OverlandBy: James D Jones | DestinationsBangkok to Siem Reap Overland is a journey that many travelers worry about. I did it with my 7 year old daughter and it was fun. read moreNew Year's Eve in Siem Reap, a Cambodian traditionBy: Pushpitha Wijesinghe | HotelsSiem Reap like all of Cambodia enthusiastically involves itself in the Cambodian New Year traditions, with individuals from all walks of life joyously joining in the celebrations. The New Year's Eve party is the prelude to the many festivities associated with the New Year. read moreCambodia Tours, Cambodiatraveltours.net, Cambodia TourBy: Cambodiatraveltours.net | Travel & LeisureFlights to Angkor set to rise : Cambodia Angkor Air is set to schedule flights from Siem Reap to Bangkok this year, bringing competition to a route presently flown by only one carrier Bangkok Airways. read moreReaping Ukraine LandBy: Writers Room | Food & BeverageThe 2008/09 selling year was a record one for food commodity prices. Trading on commodities such as corn and maize reached levels never seen before. Whereas agricultural experts agree that it's very unlikely that costs in the promoting year 2009/10 will surpass the previous year's benchmark, Ukraine is showing strong signs of bumper crops and an glorious harvest that means that investment in Ukraine land is ready for one more smart year. read more Discover a Floating Village on Stilts in Cambodia's Magical Kompong Khleang VillageBy: Pushpitha Wijesinghe | HotelsSet in a picturesque location 40km from Siem Reap lies a village by the river that has been quite literally forgotten by time. With its characteristic stilted homes on the shores of the Tonle Sap Lake this mythical hamlet where time stands still is a must-see attraction for all who wish to discover pastoral Cambodia. read moreReap the Health Benefits of YogaBy: Toni C | YogaEveryone knows that yoga has made a major comeback over the past several years. Everywhere you turn, you see videos, fitness classes and even online instruction on a variety of yoga variations. Most people who practice yoga will swear by its benefits. What some people may not realize about yoga is how many health benefits this ancient tradition can offer. read moreReaping My Rewards of FishingBy: Anthony Clevenger | FishingI have been catching a lot of bass, I usually release them, when I am done I go out to dinner. I finally decided that since I was doing all the work, I might as well reap the rewards. read moreMake Wind Electricity and Reap the BenefitsBy: Patrick Sandler | Interior designFeeling frustrated after looking at your monthly electric bill? I'm sure we all are to some extent. The utilization of electricity from electric utility companies can be very costly. That's why you need to find renewable energy sources to provide you relief from paying the high cost of power. When you make wind electricity, you can live a more relaxed and happy life because it can facilitate more savings and less hassles. read moreReap the Benefits of Online BingoBy: Michael Antony | GamesThe significance of live Bingo games have been discussed multiple times and every time the concept seems stronger and more popular than earlier. Today, live bingo is truly acknowledged as the king of entire gaming community. read moreA Metaphysical Twist to Sowing and ReapingBy: Vanessa McBee | SpiritualityA little twist to the reaping and sewing parable, in the Gospel of Matthew that can be used in every day life. Most read the bible and miss the thought. Now, interpret the truth and feed the soul. read moreGet Acai Berry Fruit and Reap Huge BenefitsBy: Paul Scherbak | SupplementsDo you want to get acai berry fruit? It grows in the Amazon rain forests in Brazil. It is a berry well-known to its natives who exploit it for its nutritious value and rich goodness for good health and general well being. The content of antioxidants present in the Acai far exceeds the levels present in grapes and blueberries. read moreA Time to Reap Answers From ObamaBy: Daniel James Wood | PoliticsI have opined recently that the mainstream media is so desirous of finally breaking the black barrier for the top office in the world that they really don't have the sort of hunger for answers, real answers, that is their hallmark. Obama has previously advocated for a "National Police Force" at least equal to the United States Military. "We cannot continue to rely on our military in order to achieve the national security objectives we've set. We've got to have a civilian national security force that's just as powerful, just as strong, just as well-funded." Couple this attitude with his comment that folks in Pennsylvania, et al, "Cling to their guns and their religion", and what you have is a candidate for President of the United States who wants to take your guns and then surround himself with a national police force. read moreCommunity Volunteerism Reaps Employer BenefitsBy: Rick Weaver | Human ResourcesEmployers promoting community involvement among their employees are seeing huge benefits. Here are the experiences of a small and a large company with volunteerism. read moreReap the benefits of network marketing strategiesBy: John Hayes | MlMNetwork marketing or your MLM business is like a big fraternity of people where you might make an easy entry but have to work actually hard in order to stay in the game for a long period. Network Marketing Strategy is very essential for the success of any MLM business. A right kind of approach is required for a winning marketing strategy. read moreReap greater benefits of mobile advertisingBy: Srinivas Sakhare | BusinessMobile advertising has become the integral part of any marketing campaign with the growing popularity and usage of mobile phones. read more 1 2 3 4 5 6 22 You might also like Taylor Swift Shines in her Short-sleeved Gucci Gown on the Red Carpet at the 2014 Grammy AwardsKelly Clarkson Shares Her Thoughts of Being Called Fat All the TimeCristiano Ronaldo's hairstyle 2013: A look at CR7's different haircuts Welcome, Guest! 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Hotel Route Inn Kakegawa Inter
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Day 22 - Kiting in 30-40 knot winds
After reviewing the forecast maps for all the places we had been as well as a few we hadn't, I decided we should visit Hamamatsu. In an attempt to gain some local knowledge (often a good idea), I called a kite shop called Hang Time Kiteboarding (kiteboarding.jp) which is located in Hamamatsu. It turned out that the owner of the shop, Nick Katz, is an Englishman married to a Japanese woman! After a brief conversation ...
First times at Shizuoka (静岡)
April, 30th was our first day of this trip. At first, our plan was going to Yamanashi to see "Pink moss"or "Shiba Zakura, but we finally changed our plan to "Hamamatsu Flower Park" (浜松フラӤ 7;ーパーク) and we had to go by bus.
We started in front of Shizuoka Station (静岡駅前).
Note - Again,if you don't know how to go, you should feel free ...
A waterfall vista
... few years ago, so decided to give one of the ship excursions a try (with mixed reviews from fellow passengers !). We chose to join the coach trip visiting Shiriato waterfall, and a Shinto shrine. To our surprise it wasn't one waterfall, it was a panorama of waterfalls, some 150m across, quite stunning. This is melt water from Mt Fuji and increases in flow as the sun shines. Thanks to the panorama function ...
From Narita Airport....to Shizuoka
... you want (except it's too near to take the car :P)
Finally, I arrived at my hotel -Business Hotel Sunpu.
Credit from google.com because I was too tired to take a photo :P
Chillin on Honma's estate
Wacky landscape at Honma's house.
Hamamatsu (浜松市 Hamamatsu-shi


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NEW YORK (AP) - JetBlue wants to recruit a few flight students with no flying experience and train them to become pilots.
ANCHORAGE, Alaska (AP) - Alaska seafood has not been tainted by the Fukushima nuclear disaster four years ago, according to test results announced Monday by a state agency.
PIERRE, S.D. (AP) - South Dakota regulators approved a construction permit Monday for a pipeline that will cross through the state as it carries North Dakota oil to Illinois.
JEFFERSON CITY, Mo. (AP) - A judge on Monday temporarily blocked Missouri's health department from revoking the abortion license held by a Planned Parenthood clinic in Columbia as its physician loses hospital privileges required under state law.
NEW YORK (AP) - Former state Assembly Speaker Sheldon Silver was convicted Monday in a $5 million corruption case that took down one of New York's most powerful politicians and stunned a capital that had become accustomed to scandal.
SIOUX FALLS, S.D. (AP) - Schools called off classes and road crews warned of hazardous conditions Monday as a snowstorm crawled across the northern Plains, while states farther south worked to recover from a weekend of icy weather and deadly flooding.
ALBUQUERQUE, N.M. (AP) - An estimated 5,000 untested rape kits are in New Mexico's crime labs and warehouses, and it could take five years to work through the backlog, state officials said Monday.
HONOLULU (AP) - The number of people in Hawaii infected by dengue fever continued to rise, and officials asked the public to help limit the spread of the virus.
FLAGSTAFF, Ariz. (AP) - The Grand Canyon wants to change the way backcountry areas are managed as more outdoor enthusiasts take to the park's open spaces, with proposals that would require hikers using the most popular inner-canyon trails to spend a few dollars on a permit.
LOS ANGELES (AP) - "Gods of Egypt" director Alex Proyas apologized for casting mostly white actors in his upcoming film based on Egyptian mythology.
TRENTON, N.J. (AP) - Chicago was his kind of town, L.A. was his lady and he certainly was a big part of New York, New York. But despite a love-hate relationship, the mile-square New Jersey city where Frank Sinatra was born is finding the centennial of his birth to be a very good year.
CLEVELAND (AP) - Prosecutors in Ohio on Saturday released a frame-by-frame analysis of the surveillance camera footage first made public a year ago that shows a white Cleveland police officer fatally shooting a black 12-year-old boy who had a pellet gun.
Associated Press
DALLAS (AP) - A deadly storm that has caused flooding and coated parts of the southern Plains in ice during the Thanksgiving holiday weekend dumped more rain on already swollen rivers in parts of North Texas and Arkansas on Sunday and made driving dangerous in parts of Oklahoma.
COLORADO SPRINGS, Colo. (AP) - Robert Lewis Dear told authorities "no more baby parts" after being arrested for the shooting of a Colorado Planned Parenthood clinic, according to a law enforcement official, part of a rambling statement that investigators are parsing to understand the reasoning behind an assault that left three dead.
Page 111 of 731
SEATTLE (AP) - Sixteen months after he declared a state of emergency on homelessness, Seattle's mayor is asking voters in this liberal, affluent city for ...
WASHINGTON, D.C. (AP) - As the political drama over health care legislation in Washington fades, the rest of the country faces a more immediate concern ...
NEW YORK (AP) - Forty-six dogs were flown to New York from South Korea after being rescued at a farm where they were to be slaughtered ...
WASHINGTON (AP) - President Donald Trump has now laid out exactly what he wants in the "big, beautiful wall" that he's promised to build on ...
WASHINGTON (AP) - President Donald Trump on Sunday attacked conservative lawmakers for the failure of the Republican bill to replace former President Barack Obama's health ...
WASHINGTON (AP) - California Gov. Jerry Brown likened President Donald Trump to a strongman whose goal of walling off the U.S.-Mexico border conjures other ...
Page 5 of 5
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Mara Intrepids, masai mara
Why we like it
- Located in the heart of the Masai Mara overlooking the Talek River
- Year round opportunities for great game viewing and birding
- A family friendly camp with spacious tents and an innovative kids club
- Relax and cool off in the swimming pool after a dusty safari
- Enjoy bush breakfasts and dinners under the fiery African sky
Top Tip
Hop on an early morning hot air balloon ride and enjoy the beauty of the blazing red Mara sun as it rises in the sky while taking in views of the vast plains below.
Guest Testimonial
Fiona exceeded our expectations. We had a tour guide (Mohammed) in Zanzibar and we rate him as one of the very best guides we've ever had (and we have travelled a lot). Mohammed's knowledge was outstanding compared to anything we had read.
- S.R London
For the first time safari visitor to Kenya, Mara Intrepids has everything you could possibly wish for. Overlooking the Talek River at the centre of the Mara's four game viewing areas, the camp enjoys one of the most incredible wildlife-spotting locations in the world. Just a short drive from the Mara River, between July and August you can spot wildebeest and zebra as they make their dangerous annual migration, while for the rest of the year the camp offers some of the world's finest game viewing including all the Big Cats, elephant, rhino, buffalo and more.
The 30 newly renovated tents are spread across a large riverside site to ensure complete privacy. Recently refurbished, the tents are large and spacious with their own private verandas so you can enjoy infinite views of the Mara. The interiors are a picture of old world elegance and furnished in the classic style of gran African safaris with large four-poster beds, fine wooden furniture and modern en suite bathrooms complete with flushing toilets and electricity. The spacious family tents are a true home away from home - underneath canvas, they are lovingly decorated in African ethnic pieces and afford a spacious lounge as well as an outside deck overlooking the plains.
The main area of the camp features a swimming pool and sunbathing terrace as well as a bar and dining areas nestled underneath groves of acacia and fig trees. If you fancy heading out to explore, the camp's knowledgeable guides will take you on an epic adventure into the Masai Mara on foot or by open-sided 4WD. Photographic safaris are also available, while kids are sure to be entertained with an adventure safari. After a busy day, if dining in camp is a little too tame for you, Mara Intrepids can arrange the ultimate African appetiser - a sundowner in the wild, before enjoying a bush dinner with the animals and nature surrounding you.
Useful info
Fly to
Nairobi or Mombasa
Flying time
8 hours 30 minutes non-stop
Time difference
GMT +3 hours
Required for UK passport holders
Health requirements
Yellow fever certificate required if arriving from an endemic area
Best time to travel
December - March, July - October
Kenya's equatorial location ensures warm weather year round, though it can be cool at night and first thing in the morning. There are two rain seasons, the long rains occur from late March to early June and short rains from October to December. The rainfall is sometimes heavy and when it does come it often falls in the afternoons and evenings. The hottest period is from February to March and coldest in July to August.
Create a brochure
Suggested itineraries in Kenya
Classic Kenya
Nights: 8 | from £5,625pp
Get the most out of the Kenyan wilderness: combine two intimate lodges in two diverse areas – Lewa and the Masai Mara – where you can search for wildlife on foot, by air and even by camel.
A Family Safari to Kenya
Nights: 8 | from £5,865pp
The only thing better than watching a wild lion is seeing your children watch the lion – and Kenya's the perfect destination in which to introduce your family to African game. Track the Big Five in the innovative Ol Pejeta Conservancy followed by a classic safari in the Masai Mara.
Out of Africa
Nights: 10 | from £6,640pp
Follow in the footsteps of silver screen legends on our 11-day Out of Africa tour of Kenya.
Highlights of Kenya
Nights: 7 | from £4,295pp
This six day twin-centre safari with conservation at its heart gives you the opportunity to track lions and observe chimpanzees before moving on to the Masai Mara, renowned for its magnificent variety of game and big cats.
The Mathews Mountain Range
Nights: 3 | from £3,895pp
A short safari in Kenya's Northern Frontier, home to the Samburu tribe and rare species of wildlife, a great way to extend your Kenyan holiday. The Mathews Mountain Range is ideal for those looking to get off the beaten track.
Luxury Small Group Journey - The Great Migration Safari in Style
Nights: 13 | from £11,369pp
Visiting Nairobi, Amboseli National Park, Tarangire National Park or Lake Manyara National Park, Ngorongoro Crater, Serengeti National Park And Masai Mara Game Reserve
Born Free
Nights: 6 | from £2,995pp
A thrilling twin-centre safari in the two contrasting areas associated with Joy and George Adamson, the lush and beautiful Meru National Park and Shaba Game Reserve in Kenya's arid northern Samburu region.
Wildlife and Warriors
Nights: 8 | from £4,325pp
A classic combination of Samburu and the magical Masai Mara is the perfect safari choice for a first time safari experience.


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Wales have won their last seven Test matches including their first Grand Slam for 27 years and a record 77-3 victory over USA Eagles in Hartford last week.
It represents their best run of results since Graham Henry led his team to 10 successive victories leading up to and including the opening games of the 1999 World Cup.
Now Mike Ruddock's side can win their eighth, a series that began last November with a record 98-0 victory over Japan in Cardiff, and Taylor is keen to make sure their remarkable season does not end in an anti-climax against the Canadians.
"This is the final weekend of the season so the message to the players has been not to let ourselves down by losing the last game," said Taylor, who will captain the side for the fourth time.
"We know it's going to be a far tougher game than against America last weekend so there's no danger of being over-confident and under-estimating Canada. We know what they are about and have a few guys who have played over in Wales.
"It's a matter of staying relaxed without becoming complacent. We know the type of rugby we can play but we can't just assume things are going to go as well as they did against America last week.
"Everything fell into place perfectly and we got off to a dream start scoring four tries in the opening 20 minutes. What we have to be wary of is thinking that will happen again. We have to establish ourselves and build from there."
Canada have already hinted that they will focus on frustrating the natural attacking instincts of the Welsh especially in the compact surroundings of Toronto University's York Stadium.
Taylor said: "I'm sure Canada have seen the way we play and will do their best to disrupt us. I'm sure they will try to drag us down and pull us into a forward battle so it's going to be a big test for the boys up front. It's going to be a big challenge for them, especially for the younger boys, but if we start well we can take control."
Wales will confirm shortly who will replace No8 Ryan Jones who has been called up to the British Lions squad as cover for Simon Taylor.
Wales already show four changes to the team that brushed past USA with 19-year-old Cardiff Blues wing Chris Czekaj winning his first cap.
Saracens prop Ben Broster and Blues hooker Rhys Thomas, both 23, form a new front-row alongside the more experienced Duncan Jones having both made their Test debuts off the bench last week. The final change sees Robert Sidoli replace Brent Cockbain in the second-row.
Canada, meanwhile, are without several of their more established players but take on Wales on the back of two wins and coach Ric Suggitt insists they are not frightened by the scale of Wales' victory over the Eagles seven days ago.
"In many ways that game is an irrelevance to us. Beating America by 70-points is no reflection at all on ourselves so we won't let it bother us," said Suggitt.
"We have a lot of respect for Wales after their success in the Six Nations but have won our last two games and we're looking for our third."
Wales: K Morgan (Dragons); R Williams (Blues), M Taylor (capt, Sale Sharks), C Sweeney (Dragons), C Czekaj (Blues); N Robinson (Blues), M Phillips (Blues); D Jones (Ospreys), R Thomas (Blues), B Broster (Saracens), R Sidoli (Blues), L Chateris (Dragons), J Thomas (Ospreys), R Jones (Ospreys), C Charvis (Newcastle). Replacements: M Davies (Gloucester), J Yapp (Blues), R Sowden-Taylor (Blues), A Popham (Leeds Tykes), A Williams (Bath), M Jones (Ospreys), M Watkins (Scarlets).
Canada: D Daypuck (Castaway Wanderers); Q Fyffe (Calgary-Irish), M King (Balmy Beach), J Cannon (Coventry), S Richmond (Vancouver Rowing Club); R Smith (Brampton Beavers), M Williams (Saracens); K Tkachuk (Glasgow, capt), A Abrams (Castway-Wanderers), G Cooke (Benevento, Italy), L Tait (Ospreys), J Cudmore (Grenoble), M Webb (Swilers), C Yukes (Agen), S McKeen (Pacific Pride). Replacements: D Pletch (Oakville Crusaders), P Dunkley (James Bay AA), F Gainer (Trinity Uni, Ireland), J Jackson (Leonessa, Italy), P Fleck (Meralomas), E Fairhurst (Uni of Victoria), S Pacey (Fredericton Loyalists).
Referee: Matt Goddard (Australia).
- More about:
- Canada
- Cardiff (city)
- Eagles
- Japan
- Wales


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Edit Article
wikiHow to Make a Battlefield 2 Helicopter Bomb
Want to fly in the air and blow yourself up, causing chaos if on the ground, here's your guide.
1Spawn as Special Forces.
2Find a helicopter with a back compartment. (Any helicopter will work)There are loads on Gulf Of Oman.
3Stick all of your C4 in the back compartment of the helicopter and get in.
4Fly over the opposing teams main base/base you want to take.
5Get totally horizontally straight.
6Push F5. Don't jump out, you were straight when you left the controls, you should be straight for 1 more minute.
7Wait until you are falling towards the opposing teams base.
8Once you are close enough to cause a lot of damage, push down on the detonator.
Community Q&A
Ask a Question
200 characters leftSubmit
If this question (or a similar one) is answered twice in this section, please click here to let us know.
- Do this whenever possible
- This kills your character and a lot of the opposing team.
- Don't do this too often, you will be called a n00b!
- Don't be a team-killer, be a commander--order your troops out of that base before you bomb them.
Things You'll Need
- Battlefield 2
- Broadband
- A Fast computer
- 2gb Of Ram
Article Info
Categories: Battlefield
Thanks to all authors for creating a page that has been read 7,382 times.
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Looking For a Place To get Salt/Sand in Southern NH
Discussion in 'Ice Management' started by ironworks01, Nov 6, 2005.


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Speed up your debug routine!
Automated exception search integrated into your IDE
Neither able to connect to Primary Domain Controller nor to any of Back up Domain Controllers.
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Editor's Foreword
Kalama Sutta, Help Us!
Two Kinds of Language
Looking Within
Happiness & Hunger
The Dhamma-Truth of Samatha-Vipassana for the Nuclear Age
* * *
Keys to Natural Truth by Buddhadasa Bhikkhu
Translated from the Thai by Santikaro Bhikkhu, Rod Bucknell, and others
First published in 1988 by the Dhamma Study and Practice Group (Bangkok). Re-published by the Buddhadasa Foundation.
This book is currently available at the Dhammadana bookstore, Suan Mokkh, Chaiya, Surat Thani & at the Buddhadasa Indapanno Archives bookstore, Suan Rodfai, Chatuchak, Bangkok, Thailand.


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SailNet Community (http://www.sailnet.com/forums/)
- General Discussion (sailing related) (http://www.sailnet.com/forums/general-discussion-sailing-related/)
- - Teak Cockpit (http://www.sailnet.com/forums/general-discussion-sailing-related/86580-teak-cockpit.html)
Teak Cockpit
Due to an unusual set of circumstances and a good dealer, I have a choice between two identically equipped Beneteau 41's. The sole (pun intended) difference is one has a teak cockpit and the other doesn't. And I would have to wait 3 weeks for the teak boat and the price difference is around $700.
Re: Teak Cockpit
Re: Teak Cockpit
Second that suggestion.
Re: Teak Cockpit
Do you like the look of teak? It takes some work to keep it looking expensive or it turns gray and deteriorates slowly, which some like the look of as well.
I like the look and feel of teak but I could also do without it, if it is not necessary.
You will have plenty of other systems to worry about without exterior teak.
Re: Teak Cockpit
I have teak seat inserts in my Beneteau and while they are more comfortable than sitting on just glass, you can't see the teak when the cushions are in use anyway. I'd skip the teak--less maintenance that way.
Re: Teak Cockpit
While the teak looks nice you can't see it thru cushions. The teak is most likely plywood, not solid, and will fail in time. I replaced mine last spring at a cost of $60/ sq ft.
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SoundCloud page for podcasts of the 2012 SFA symposium presentations. If the talk you want to listen to isn't posted yet, chances are it will be up this afternoon or tomorrow. These podcasts are great for the classroom, the commute—or for burning off excess barbecue at the gym.
Thanks for listening, and thanks again to our wonderful speakers!
Questions about the podcasts? E-mail Sara Camp Arnold at email@example.com.


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Allen & Overy (A&O), Osborne Clarke (OC) and Proskauer Rose have taken mandates advising on the $1.7bn (£1bn) sale of Swiss pharmaceutical giant Novartis' transfusion diagnostics unit to Spanish plasma therapies company Grifols.
Barcelona-headquartered Grifols will acquire the transfusion diagnostics unit of Novartis for US$1,675bn (£1,04bn). The assets include medical products and technology, as well as a manufacturing plant and commercial offices in US, and offices in Switzerland and Hong Kong.
A&O acted for Novartis alongside the company's in-house team led by general counsel Felix Ehart, with support from in-house lawyers Jonathan Emery and Nicola Smith.
The New York-based A&O team was led by Eric Shube, with anti-trust partner Elaine Johnston, intellectual property partner Paul Keller, environmental law partner Kenneth Rivlin, employment senior counsel Brian Jebb and associates Michael Maier and Danielle Brody in New York and Peter Banks in London.
Osborne Clarke advised Grifols led by transaction partners Tomás Dagá and Raimon Grifols, supported by financing partner David Miranda, anti-trust partner Silvia Steiner and capital markets partner Nuria Martin. They were assisted on the due diligence side of the transaction by associates Oscar Calsamiglia ,Yana Sarkisova and Laura de la Cruz.
Proskauer Rose worked closely with OC on the US side of the transaction for Grifols, led by corporate partners Peter Samuels, M&A partner Daniel Gatinsky and IP partner Daryn Grossman supported by mergers and acquisitions associates Mina Farbood and Yoon Suk Choo and life sciences associate Jessica Weitzman.
The deal is still subject to regulatory approval but is expected to complete during the first half of 2014.
Background to the deal:
The deal arose out of a strategic review of Novartis' business portfolio, which was kicked off by new chairman Joerg Reinhardt, after he joined the company in August. The company has elected to rationalise its portfolio of products and services, focusing on three core business areas of pharmaceuticals, eye care and generics.
The company is seeking to divest itself of its smaller businesses, which are over-the-counter medicines, animal health, and vaccines and diagnostics, the latter being the department to which this initial deal belongs.
A&O have a longstanding relationship with Novartis. Former A&O partner Thomas Werlen left private practice to go in-house at Novartis in 2005 (5 October 2009) leading to closer links between the two organisations.
Novartis head of M&A Marvelle Sullivan was also at A&O before going in-house as a lawyer and then moving into her current role.
The firm is on Novartis' panel for about seven years, over which time its remit has extended from transaction to litigation and intellectual property as well as other advice.
Between 2008 and 2011 A&O advised Novartis on a two-stage transaction, worth $39bn (£19.5bn), involving the purchase of the remaining 75 per cent of Alcon, the world's largest eye-care company, including a majority stake held by Nestlé (8 April 2008).
Barcelona-based OC partners Tomás Dagá and Raimon Grifols have acted for Grifols for 30 years. OC has worked closely with Proskauer Rose for US-based advice the client since Grifols' first US acquisition of Alpha Therapeutics in 2003. Both firms also advised Grifols' on its US$3.4m acquisition of Talecris in 2011.


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Check out some new set pics courtesy of Van Damme Fanz!!!
Site fan Nico has provided me with a German translated set report for Arnold Schwarzenegger's next film The Last Stand that you can check out HERE!! The article also mentions that the title and premise of Arnold's next film have changed slightly. It was originally titled Black Sands but the title has now been changed to Black Sunday and it will see Arnold portraying an angel battling possibly an evil weapons manufacturer.....its a little out there. Arnold is supposed to start filming in April.
Also, Mike has provided us with what has to be the longest fan-made trailer ever!! If your curious and have the time, check it out below!! Kudos to Mike for the time and effort put in!!


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Part 16
The chase would not last much longer.
His target was slower than himself, and though he ran a serpentine path, Lieder was gaining. His patience would pay off, and Waldemar would soon be caught.
Not far ahead, Cyril appeared from the darkness, blocking their way. It took him a moment to notice them, and his face was one of confusion when he did.
Lieder knew what his eyes were saying. He was asking why the two of them were engaged in such unsightly behavior.
As Waldemar moved to pass him, Cyril intervened, reaching his right arm out to grab him by his left shoulder. Wrapping the other around his back, Cyril locked Waldemar in a restricting embrace, resisting Waldemar's attempts to escape as he awkwardly waddled to finish their dying momentum.
Cyril was seeking a compromise, stopping Waldemar with the intent of mediating their disagreement. It seemed to him that Waldemar was overreacting to Lieder's pursuit, and that so long as he was there to supervise, the two boys could come to a fair resolution.
Lieder felt the familiar, giddy rush. This was it!
He thrust his hand and forearm at the back of Waldemar's head. The limb passed through quickly, coming out the other side as easily as a kitchen knife through a carrot.
True to the metaphor, the cut in Waldemar's skull was clean, inferably sliced by a razor's edge despite the fact that it had been the broad side of Lieder's hand that had done the deed. Waldo's head was severed along a diagonal line running from his upper-right cheek through the left side of his chin, just shallow enough to avoid passing through the mouth.
The wound was a solid, fleshy pink color. No fluid or smaller pieces escaped it, suggesting that the head was all of a single piece. Even the manner in which it thudded against the floor suggested that it was one simple, cohesive substance.
Waldemar's terrified eyes turned to look at the surprised Cyril, and before the poor child could even process what he'd witnessed, Waldemar was screaming incoherent ramblings at Cyril.
Lieder couldn't recognize the language, but he still understood the message. Waldemar was blaming Cyril, wailing his suffering. He criticized Cyril's involvement and berated his stupidity, speaking as though Cyril had committed an atrocity that was worse than Lieder's. It almost felt as though Lieder had been the innocent bystander.
Lieder's message to Cyril was different in tone, but confronted the same incident. He was grateful for the opening Cyril had provided, and though it was small, he'd provided a measurable contribution to Lieder's agenda.
This world and its assumptions were wrong. These things had always been wrong, but he'd sat idle for long enough. After all this time, they were still ignoring the real issues; they'd had their chance. Now it was Lieder's turn.
Society's architects had missed the point, its foundation of faulty integrity. It would have to be torn down and rebuilt from scratch. He didn't know if he should be the one to do the rebuilding, but he was an optimal candidate for tearing things down.
Lieder conveyed his assurance to Cyril as he raised his foot, preparing to stomp the fallen Waldemar's mouth shut. No matter how small Cyril's part was, he'd done a good thing this day, and that made him worthy of gratitude.
"It appears that you are having a nightmare, Lord Lieder. Would you like some music to calm you?"
His eyes flew open, but the rest of his body ignored the leaping of his heart and stayed still. Lieder stared through hardened eyelids across the bedspread's wrinkled landscape as familiarity began to set in.
His heartbeat was rapid, and he was drenched with sweat, but his body remained still. His arms and legs were relaxed, the tension of his fright limited to his lower back and shoulders.
He sighed, the mattress causing a sinking sensation as it conformed to a limper posture. Again, memories were proving more powerful than this body's firsthand experience. Lieder was still conditioned for sleeping with a loaded weapon in hand, despite the fact that this body had never even touched a rifle.
He supposed it shouldn't seem so extraordinary. The real nightmare was the memory of trying to fall asleep while knowing that the slightest unconscious twitch could kill a friend. If any memory should transcend death, that was a candidate
"Would you repeat that, attendant?"
"It appears you are having a nightmare, Lord Lieder. Would you like some music to calm you?"
"Sure, why not? What do you have?"
"The library is vast, Lord, it is highly recommended that you narrow your query."
"Easy. Play me some random hard rock."
"Not familiar to you? How about genre: metal?" Lieder furrowed his brow. He hadn't considered the possibility that musical genres might have undergone drastic changes. Were terms like 'rock and roll' and 'metal' no longer associated with music?
"I'm afraid that is not a category I recognize, Lord. Are you, perhaps, inquiring about types of minerals?"
He could spend all night guessing and never stumble across a term for what he wanted.
"Just play me something at random."
A slow set of gentle keyboard notes trickled into the room from the same unseen source as the attendant's voice.
His thoughts turned back to the dream he'd been having. The feeling it had evoked stubbornly lingered over him, and it was very unwelcome.
The images his mind conjured during sleep rarely pertained to reality. Dreams seemed to be a way for his brain to live scenarios he'd never experience in his waking life. If dreams served any purpose at all, it was to allow him the experience of being a different person.
There shouldn't be any reason to dwell on this one, even if it did seem more familiar than usual. He was already intending to be nicer to Waldo, provided Waldo was nicer to Max. To treat the violence in his dream as some kind of prophecy was the only way it could possibly become one.
Lieder took a slow, deep breath, exhaling in a cathartic sigh. The dream was only that. There was no reason to fear that he'd lost himself to instinct, nor had he allowed that elitist part of him to wrest control. He suspected he'd soon try and change the world's collective mind, but it wouldn't be through such forceful means…
The music selected by the attendant began to draw his attention. The instrument that Lieder had assumed would only be used in the intro was continuing just as it started. It was somewhere between a synthesized trumpet and saxophone, a noise that he doubted an actual horn could make. It was beginning to grate his nerves; he likened it to elevator music without the fake drum accompaniment.
"What is this crap?" Lieder asked himself, appalled. "Attendant, you have anything with a faster tempo? With some percussion, maybe?"
"Of course, Lord."
He listened to the new track intently, the initial tapping of a cymbal evoking a familiar feeling. As he waited, though, the tapping only changed its speed and pitch, without a trace of other instruments or vocals to be found. Unless the introduction was of obscene length, the entire song was just cymbal.
"Just stop, attendant, that will do."
"Yes, Lord."
He hoped this wasn't indicative of all music of the time. Everyone had different tastes, but at the moment, he feared there might not be any contemporaries that would cater to his. There was a vague understanding of how another person might find this sort of simplicity soothing, but for Lieder, music needed to be complex. Without substance, it couldn't occupy any fraction of his mind, and without that occupation, he tended to become restless.
His tastes had been considered niche, and there was no telling whether or not those niches could have survived the Exodus.
For now, he'd make due with humming the tunes he considered to be classics. This placebo wouldn't last forever, though, and Lieder was determined to either find a suitable futuristic substitute or pry recordings of his favorite artists from the Tombs' prudish grip.


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The first article of this series left the reader with a clean canvas, covering the early initialization of a 80x86 CPU along with its memory management unit. In the second installment, we will cover the x86 interrupts architecture, and timer usage. We'll also take a look at multiprocessing, how to handle interrupt requests from devices with multiple CPUs at the helm, and finish with a serving of stuffed philosophers—in 512 bytes!
Privilege levels
To control the access of resources granted to any program, the x86 architecture, starting from the 80286, features four privilege levels, level 0 to level 3, where 0 is the most privileged, and 3 is the least. Since the privilege model follows a hierarchical ring-like system, each level is also known as a Ring. The Current Privilege Level (CPL) is cached in the two lowest bits of the CS register, and is set as per the privilege level in the Defined Privilege Level (DPL) field of the Code Segment Descriptor.
To control the programmed I/O privilege of any program, the I/O Privilege Level (IOPL) flag can be used. A thread can only access I/O ports—and use certain privileged instructions—when its CPL is less than or equal to the IOPL.
Traditionally, Ring 0 is used by the kernel while Ring 3 is used by user-level applications. Modern microkernels can utilize Rings 1 and 2 to off-load drivers to a less privileged ring still granting I/O privileges.
In the event an external hardware needs to specify the occurrence of an event to the CPU, the hardware emits a signal known as an Interrupt Request (IRQ). The CPU, based on the IRQ and an interrupt vector table, then transfers control to an interrupt handler (interrupt service routine) associated with the IRQ. The handler performs the requisite action, acknowledges the handling of the request to the device, and returns execution back to the interrupted thread.
The same mechanism used to handle IRQs is further extended to accommodate both Exceptions and System Calls.
- Exceptions: On facing any illegal instruction or operation, the processor raises an exception, corresponding to a vector in the vector table. The Operating System can then either handle the exception, or terminate execution of the faulting thread.
- System Calls: All modern architectures feature a special instruction to raise an interrupt, thus allowing user-mode software to utilize the mechanism for calls into the kernel. For example, Linux uses the vector 0x80 on x86 for system calls.
The Interrupt Enable Flag (IF) in the (E)FLAGS register allows the
kernel to mask hardware interrupts. The instructions
cli (clear
interrupts) and
sti (set interrupts) disable and enable hardware
interrupts. Both instructions are privileged as per what
IOPL is set to.
Interrupt Vector Table (IVT)
Prior to the introduction of protected mode, the IVT was used to
specify the address of all 256 interrupt handlers. Each handler was
represented by a 4-byte segment:offset pair, and the IVT is defaultly
located at
The 80286 introduced the
lidt instruction, which also allowed the
IVT to be relocated to another address in conventional memory.
Interrupt Descriptor Table (IDT)
With protected mode, the IVT was superseded by the Interrupt Descriptor Table. Each entry in the IDT was called a gate, and they were classified as:
- Interrupt Gates: The CPU pushes the EFLAGS register, the CS segment, and the return EIP on the stack before handling control to the interrupt handler. Interrupts are automatically disabled upon entry, and are restored when the EFLAGS register is popped back.
- Trap Gates: Trap gates are similar to interrupt gates, but interrupts are not masked upon entry.
- Task Gates: Task gates were intended to be used for hardware multitasking, but software multitasking has been preferred over it.
Similar to the Global Descriptor Table Register, an IDTR is used to keep track of the size and location of the IDT.
; Size of IDT - 1.
dw (256 * 8) - 1
dd idt
; ecx: interrupt vector.
; eax: the interrupt handler.
; Trash edi.
; The entry into the table.
lea edi, [idt + ecx * 4]
; The first two bytes specify the lower 16-bits of the interrupt handler.
mov [edi], ax
shr ax, 16
; The upper-most two bytes specify the highest 16-bits.
mov [edi + 6], ax
; The third and fourth byte specify the selector of the interrupt function,
; 0x08 in this case.
; The fifth byte is reserved 0.
; The sixth byte is for flags:
; Bits 0:3 -> type. 0x0E is 32-bit interrupt gate.
; Bits 5:6 -> the privilege level the calling descriptor should have.
; Bit 7 -> present flag.
mov dword [edi + 2], 0x08 | (1 << 31) | (0x0E << 24)
Programmable Interrupt Controller (PIC)
To route hardware interrupts, the IBM PC and XT used the 8259 PIC chip which was able to handle 8 IRQs. Traditionally, these were mapped by the BIOS to interrupts 8 to 15, so as to not collide with the original exceptions.
With the IBM PC/AT, the system was extended to incorporate two 8259 PICs, where one acts as a master and the other as a slave. Only the master is able to signal the processor, and the slave uses IRQ line 2 to signal to the master a pending interrupt. Since this implies that IRQ 2 is unavailable for use by devices, most motherboards reroute IRQ 2 to IRQ 9 to maintain backwards compatibility.
Both PIC chips have an offset variable. Whenever an unmasked input line is raised, they add the input line to the offset, to form the requested interrupt number. By convention, the BIOS routes IRQs 0 to 7 to interrupts 8 to 15, and IRQs 8 to 15 to interrupts 112 to 119. After handling an interrupt, the PIC chips need a End Of Interrupt (EOI) command to ascertain that the interrupt isn't pending. For interrupts cascaded from the slave to the master, both the PIC chips need a EOI.
With the 80286, Intel extended exceptions to cover interrupt vectors
0x00 to
0x1F. Hence, the master 8259's configuration
collided with the exception range. To properly configure the PIC, both
the master and the slave controllers can be remapped with a proper
offset. However, since we do not require any interrupts from devices,
we'll mask all interrupt lines:
; Each bit specifies each line.
mov al, 0xFF
; For the master PIC.
out 0xA1, al
; For the slave PIC.
out 0x21, al
Programmable Interval Timer (PIT)
The x86 architecture features the Intel 8253/8254 as the de facto Programmable Interval Timer. The timer has three channels with individual counters; the first was used for time keeping and got routed to IRQ 0. The second channel was used to trigger the refresh of DRAM, while the third was used to program the PC speaker. Each channel can be operated in any one of six modes. Although covering the entire functioning of the 8253 is out of the scope of this article, we will take a specific look at programming channel 2 for a one-shot timer.
The PIT uses an oscillator running at 1.19318166 MHz. The IBM PC borrowed from television circuitry a single base oscillator at 14.31818 MHz. The CPU divided this by 3 for its frequency, while the CGA video controller divided this by 4. Both the signals were passed through a logical AND gate to attain the frequency for the PIT. A counter is used as a frequency divider to fine-tune the frequency provided by the PIT. The counter is decreased using the base frequency, and a pulse is generated when it reaches zero.
The presence of a local APIC can be detected via the CPUID feature flags. Certain systems allow the configuration of the LAPIC via a IA32_APIC_BASE Model-Specific Register (MSR). However, in most cases, once the LAPIC is disabled via the MSR, it cannot be set without resetting the CPU.
Although the output of channel 2 is routed to the PC speaker, the channel offers a software-controllable gate input, and allows us to check the output status without enabling interrupts. We will use channel 2 in conjunction with mode 1, the hardware re-triggerable one-shot.
In mode 1, on the rising edge of the gate input, the timer reloads the current count
with the value specified. It sets the output signal as low, and on each falling edge of
the oscillator, the value of the current count is decremented. Once the current count
reaches zero, the output signal goes high until the timer is reset. The state of the
output signal can be checked by I/O port
; Port 0x43 is the command register.
; 0b -> 16-bit binary mode, while specifying the reload value.
; 001b -> mode 1, hardware re-triggerable one-shot.
; 11b -> lobyte/hibyte access mode.
; 10b -> channel 2.
mov al, 10110010b
out 0x43, al
; We set a frequency of 100 Hz.
; 1193182/100 = 0x2E9C.
; Low byte.
mov al, 0x9C
out 0x42, al
; High byte.
mov al, 0x2E
out 0x42, al
The timer can then be started by raising the gate input:
; Start the PIT channel 2 timer.
in al, 0x61
and al, 0xFE
out 0x61, al
or al, 1
out 0x61, al
The output signal can also be determined:
in al, 0x61
; Bit 5 specifies if the output is high or not.
and al, 0x20
With multiple processors, the interrupt routing mechanism is decoupled into two units: the local Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller (LAPIC) and the I/O APIC. Each LAPIC is integrated into the processor1, and is used to manage external interrupts. The LAPIC is also used for generating Inter-Processor Interrupts (IPI), which play a pivotal role in initializing other logical processors. The I/O APIC is used for interrupt routing from external sources to a specific local APIC, and acts as a modern replacement for the PIC.
Although the MultiProcessor Specification specifies the base of the
local APIC as
0xFEE00000, the base address can be overridden. Due to
space constraints in our proof-of-concept, we assume the base address
0xFEE00000. Each register in the local APIC memory space can only
be accessed by a 32-bit read/write.2
To handle certain race conditions, such as an interrupt being masked before it is dispensed, the local APIC generates a spurious-interrupt. The spurious interrupt handler needs to be only set to a dummy interrupt handler.
; Bit 8 enables the LAPIC.
; Bits 0 to 7 specify the vector of the spurious interrupt handler.
; We set it to 63 (bits 0 to 3 are hardwired 1).
mov esi, local_apic
mov dword [local_apic + spurious_interrupt_vector_register], (1 << 8) | (11b << 4)
Application Processor (AP) Start-Up
The logical processor that the BIOS hands control over to is termed as the bootstrap processor, while all other processors in the system are called as application processors. Each AP is uniquely identified by a local APIC ID assigned to its LAPIC.
To initialize a logical processor, an INIT IPI is first sent to the respective local APIC. On receiving the IPI, the LAPIC causes the processor to reset its state and start executing from a fixed location. After the successful handling of the INIT IPI, a STARTUP IPI commands the processor to start executing from a specified page. 3
mov si, trampoline
mov di, 0x7000
mov cx, trampoline_end - trampoline
rep movsb
; Send the INIT IPI.
; 101b -> INIT.
; 1 << 14 -> level.
; 11b << 18 -> all excluding self.
mov dword [local_apic + icr_low], (101b << 8) | (1 << 14) | (11b << 18)
; Start the PIT channel 2 timer.
in al, 0x61
and al, 0xFE
out 0x61, al
or al, 1
out 0x61, al
in al, 0x61
; Bit 5 specifies if the output is high or not.
and al, 0x20
jz .delay
; Send the Startup IPI.
; Vector XX specifies the page, giving trampoline address 0x000XX000.
; In our case, 0x07000.
; 110b -> SIPI.
mov dword [local_apic + icr_low], 7 | (110b << 8) | (1 << 14) | (11b << 18)
In the trampoline, we initialize the AP with a stack, and switch to protected mode. In our revised proof-of-concept, we've disabled paging due to space constraints, but no special logic is required to handle that case either.
The MPS/ACPI Tables
Broadcasting INIT IPIs to all CPUs except the current one is not recommended; the BIOS may have disabled specific faulty processors, which would also receive the IPI. Instead, the BIOS provides a list of all local APICs with their local APIC ID. The MultiProcessor Specification (MPS) tables, or the Multiple APIC Description Table (MADT) sub-table in the ACPI tables.4 IPIs with the destination mode set as physical and the destination field set with the specific LAPIC ID of the target processor can be used to initialize all processors one by one.
LAPIC Timer
Each local APIC unit also has a specific timer, for per-CPU time keeping. However, the local APIC timer operates on the CPU's frequency, as opposed to the PIT which uses a fixed frequency. We first calibrate the local APIC timer, and then configure it to periodically generate an interrupt every 10 ms.
; Though alarmingly versatile, LAPIC eerily echoes nice
; sentiments of lots of effort for little gain.
; Set the divide configuration register as divide by 1.
mov dword [local_apic + timer_divide_config], 1011b
mov dword [local_apic + lvt_timer], 63
mov dword [local_apic + initial_count_timer], -1
; Start the PIT channel 2 timer.
in al, 0x61
and al, 0xFE
out 0x61, al
or al, 1
out 0x61, al
in al, 0x61
; Bit 5 specifies if the output is high or not.
and al, 0x20
jz .delay
mov eax, [local_apic + current_count_timer]
not eax
mov [initial_count], eax
mov dword [local_apic + timer_divide_config], 1011b
; (1 << 17) specifies periodic.
mov dword [local_apic + lvt_timer], 63 | (1 << 17)
mov eax, [initial_count]
mov dword [local_apic + initial_count_timer], eax
As opposed to the PIC, the peripheral to I/O APIC routing is not fixed. The MPS and ACPI tables specify this routing. Covering the parsing of this routing is beyond the scope of this article.
Dining Philosophers
The philosophers have taught us that if you have a bite in front of you, synchronize the picking up your forks and eat the bite. If you've got 512 bytes, eat all the damned 512 bytes.
The PoC has each CPU as a philosopher stuffing itself on its 512
bytes. On acquiring the forks, the CPU executes the magic Bochs
breakpoint instruction,
xchg bx, bx at
0x7D50. On losing
the fork, it executes
xchg bx, bx at
Till Next Time
The article got us through initializing our dining philosophers and making them eat. In future issues, we will look at other aspects of the x86 architecture, including, but not limited to Non-Uniform Memory Access (NUMA) systems.
Till next time,
jmp hlt
The 80486 featured an external local APIC, the 82489DX. The 82489DX acted both, as the LAPIC and the I/O APIC, and differs with the modern APIC in subtle ways. Systems with the 82489DX are rare, and the differences are beyond the scope of this article. ↩
For Family 5, Model 2, Stepping 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 11, writes to the local APIC registers can be lost. The bug can be avoided by doing a dummy read from any local APIC register before a write. ↩
The MultiProcessor Specification recommends that two successive SIPIs be sent with a delay of 200 μs. However, not only is it tough to find a timer with that precision, but most CPUs only require one SIPI. To be completely compliant, a second SIPI can be sent after a small delay if the target CPU does not initialize itself by then. ↩
The MPS tables are known to be faulty for modern systems, especially those supporting hyperthreading. Thus, the ACPI tables are always recommended over the MPS ones. ↩


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Dragon Slayer: The Legend of Heroes
Description of Dragon Slayer: The Legend of Heroes PC-88
Nihon Falcom Corp. gave birth to Dragon Slayer: The Legend of Heroes (also known as 英雄传说, ドラゴンスレイヤー英雄伝説, Dragon Slayer: Eiyū Densetsu, Dragon Slayer 6: Legend of Heroes) in 1989, with the help of Nihon Falcom Corp. as publisher. Cool role-playing (rpg) game where the player evolve in a fantasy, turn-based themewith a 1st-person, 3rd-person, top-down perspective.
Captures and Snapshots
Screenshots from MobyGames.com
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Share your gamer memories, help others to run the game or comment anything you'd like. If you have trouble to run Dragon Slayer: The Legend of Heroes (PC-88), read the abandonware guide first!
Download Dragon Slayer: The Legend of Heroes PC-88
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PC-88 version
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