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Holiday Inn Helena
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USA Road Trip -Yellowstone National Park & Montana
... We had heard that the bar stools were saddles and you sit at the bar as if you were on your horse. Guess what? It was true! Shame about the beer though - we didn't really like it.
Whilst we were waiting for our table in the restaurant to be ready, we wandered around the town for a bit soaking up the atmosphere. This place is really designed for tourists and in the winter becomes a fabulous ski resort too. We'd love to see it covered in snow. We ...
Big Sky Country
... br>
When I reached the town of Kalispell, MT, I turned south onto HWY. 83, a scenic highway running through the foothills to the Rockies. This is a very forested area and not much in terms of farmland. The further south I rode the more the valleys opened up wider and the trees became scarcer and further from the highway, replaced by large cattle ranges and what appeared to be land of very poor soil quality as there ...
West Yellowstone to Helena by way of Quake Lake
... of isolated up in a booth. This rodeo also included steer wrestling which most of the others have not had. It was 'Dare to Wear Pink' night honoring cancer survivors and they had a mounted tribute of female riders holding pink flags. Each rider either was a cancer survivor or had a personal connection, family or friend, with someone affected by cancer. These girls and ladies were riding at a full out gallop and ended up looping ...
On the way to Glacier National Park
... of several battles between the wandering Nez Perce Tribe and the U.S. Calvary in 1877. The Nez Perce made an 1,170 mile trek herding over 2,000 horses in an attempt to elude being confined to a reservation in central Idaho. They traveled over the Bitteroot Mountains and though they were safe at Big Hole Valley, re- establishing a village of tepees at a former camping site. The Calvary scouts found them and a garrison of 163 Calvary and volunteers attacked early on the ...
The Countdown...
... a few photos as we travel, as usual. The Blog will flow too as we see new and even old interesting things that might be of interest. If you'd like to see the new motorhome, let me know and I'd be glad to do a walk-through with you.
In the meantime, thanks for checking in...Peace.


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On the whole, Windows Update seems to work very well. Although I don't use Linux much, my experiences with Windows and Microsoft Update have been much more positive than those with equivalent software on Linux.
The last time I had significant problems with Windows Update, which occurred with multiple PCs, I used Microsoft's free tech support. Their problem submission system uploaded relevant files to them, a person looked them over and I was soon given a workaround for the problem. All for free.
I say this as background, I have no axe to grind with Microsoft.
No doubt you've heard by now that a recent Patch Tuesday "update" (a nicer term than bug fix) rendered many Windows XP machines un-bootable. The system crashes during startup with a Blue Screen of Death (BSOD).
Personally, I would never find myself in such a pickle. As you might expect of Defensive Computing oriented techie, I make a full image backup before running Windows/Microsoft update. I also wait a couple days before installing newly released patches (another nicer term than bug fix). This weeks patches just reinforced this approach.
The day after Patch Tuesday I tried to help someone with their un-bootable XP system and the overall experience offered up by Microsoft was quite poor.
Stuff happens. I realize this. I was a programmer for years, and have no gripe with Microsoft that a patch broke something. This is to be expected.
But that's my gripe, that's what I find inexcusable - this is to be expected. It needs to be accounted for. It needs to be dealt with. Windows users need backout procedures.
Billions of people use Windows and Microsoft makes millions in profit daily. But when it comes to designing software systems, the fact is they often seem to be, well, amateurs.
The issue is simple, back out a problematic patch. This should be no big deal, just move some files around and get on with your life. But few things from Microsoft are simple.
Safe Mode, as many techies know, often fails to boot. This was the case with the XP computer I tried to rescue from the this weeks deadly patches. Even Safe Mode with command prompt wouldn't boot.
If Safe Mode had worked, System Restore could have been used to restore a previous Restore Point. In theory at least, System Restore has shown itself to be flaky. For example, under XP, System Restore will, at times, turn itself off and not indicate to the end user that there is a problem.
Without Safe Mode, most XP users are just screwed. Microsoft's next solution, for those without image backups, is the Recovery Console.
In practical terms, this is no solution at all.
The obvious first strike against the Recovery Console is that you need a Windows OS CD, which eliminates most people from the game immediately. Then you need an optical drive, which eliminates netbook users and those with ultra compact laptops.
But, in my case, I had both a CD and an optical drive so I gave the Recovery Console a try. It failed to detect a hard drive in the computer.
The hard drive was fine. A Linux Live CD was able to copy files off the drive, and the broken copy of XP at least starts to run before the BSOD. In this case, it was the Recovery Console itself that needed to be recovered.
To insure my CD was working, I tried it on another XP machine. This time the Recovery Console found the hard drive but, as its supposed to do, it wouldn't run without the administrator password. I know the password for every userid on the box and tried them all. They were administrator level users, but not the administrator. So, no go.
In the time of greatest need, when someone is forced to resort to the Recovery Console, Microsoft puts yet another hurdle in the way.
And if you fight through all this, you get rewarded with a command prompt. Ugh.
The most likely recovery solution is to restore the system to factory fresh state. In the case of a problematic patch, this is like using a steamroller to squash a fly. Not to mention the loss of data.
Windows users need a rescue CD/USB flash drive from Microsoft. This bootable media should have a GUI that lists the installed patches, most recent first, and lets you uninstall them with a couple mouse clicks. Shouldn't be a big deal.
It should also be able to list the available Restore Points and let you restore one of them. Again, we're just moving a few files around. No big woop.
Why does such a thing not exist?

subset: commoncrawl


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The sincere grey clouds rolled over the urban setting, separating around the towering sky scrapers. The world seemed so much smaller - enveloped as it was in the sinister lack of light. Rain beat against everything up to the horizon.
All of this was irrelevant to the harried businessman.
He waited at a curb as the rain pounded down, peering through the sprayed mist from cars. His umbrella only partially covered his serious figure. He drew himself inwards and clutched the newspaper closer to his side. The headlights of passing cars illuminated the seemingly black and white scene.
Out of the corner of his eye, a white envelope caught his attention. It was lying face down in the gutter. This litter was not out of the ordinary in appearance, but in atmosphere. He could sense that it had a special history.
Overcome with interest, he bent down and picked up the damp envelope. The front was decorated with the words: "Mummy and Daddy". Slowly, he turned to the back of the childlike envelope and carefully tore it open. He pulled out the folded piece of paper. Unfolding it, he began to read.
"To Mummy and Daddy,
Iv had lots ov fun in this howse with the other kidz, but I want to no wen I can se u agen.
The lady sed it wasnt posable to see you aneemore, but shes rong, isnt she? I no u wil cum and get me soon so we can have icecreem on the beech agen.
I ate the last cake we mad last wekend to day. It was nice. Can we mak sum mor?
I luv u lots and lots
RYAN xxxxxxx"
A teardrop fell onto the page as the man finished reading. He went to fold the paper up and put it back into the envelope. His tears would dry, he knew, but this child would never fully heal.
He would never be able to sponge first line of the address it came from.
"South London Orphanage"


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As I wrote in Another Reason Not to Ask People if They're Okay: It's Really Freaking Rude,
So you're at a party, and you see a woman who is -- heaven forbid! -- NOT smiling. Do you:
a) Avoid her -- she's clearly in a bad mood.
b) Go ask her, "Are you okay?" "Is everything alright?" or some variation thereof
c) Treat her like a normal person who happens to not be smiling
If you answered anything but C, you are a rude, sexist jerk.
First of all, it's not the 19th century anymore -- meaning it's no longer a woman's job to be "cheerful." Second, what are you hoping to accomplish by asking that question? If the woman is feeling bad about something -- she's probably trying to not feel bad about it. Your rude, ignorant question, is an instant mood killer. (Remember: stereotypically, women are socially conditioned to be comfortable talking about their feelings. If there's something on her mind, she'll bring it up. She's a big girl.)
But, chances are, the woman feels fine -- she's just a normal human being who happens to not be smiling. Asking her if she's okay, then, is obnoxious. And it can make her feel bad or ugly. And it's an intrusion.
Which is probably why a Quora user recently asked the community, Women: How do you respond when strangers (male) tell you to smile? She continues in the question details:
This is a common form of street harassment and I'm wondering how others have dealt with it. It makes me feel uncomfortable and angry so I usually keep walking without a word. But it would be very empowering to stand up for myself and maybe even influence the harasser to discontinue the behavior.
Great question! Here's my response:
I can't think of a time when a stranger told me to smile -- this is probably because I smile a lot. I smile when I make eye contact with people. I smile when I skateboard (which is my typical mode of transportation). I smile when I look at my dog -- who is probably with me about 90% of the time when I leave the house.
If anything, I have more of an "I dare you to fuck with me – no, seriously, I DARE you" attitude. And I think this shows. Catcallers are pathetic, and they don't want to mess with someone who might fight back.
To be fair, I am also much taller and stronger than the average woman. And man, actually.
But I've also consciously worked on being prepared to deal with bad situations. I'm not afraid to confront people who say rude things to me - and having a few responses prepared ahead of time is a great way for people who aren't yet comfortable being confrontational to get started.
So if someone told me to smile, I would probably say something like:
"Stand on your head. Hop on one foot. Entertain me!"
"Not to be confrontational, because I'm sure your intentions are good... But do you tell men to smile, or just women?"
"You know, I appreciate that you want me to be happy, even though we don't know each other... But you should know that a lot of women HATE when men tell them to smile, and others even consider it to be a form of harassment."
"It's not 1950 anymore. It's no longer a woman's job to be cheerful and delight men."
"Buy me stuff!"
Other women shared answers that are much funnier and cleverer than mine. For example, one user wrote:
"Some of my Greatest Hits:
- Snarling and growling.
- Smiling one of those dead smiles that doesn't reach your eyes.
- Smiling and launching into a thankful monologue about how it's been 10 years since I last smiled because I can only manage it when a kind-hearted prince reminds me to do so and how now he must accompany to my father so that he can accept his rightful place on the throne and my hand in marriage.
- Staring blankly for an uncomfortably long time.
- Staring blankly and asking if that is what humans typically do to demonstrate that they will do no harm.
- Telling them to stop smiling.
- Telling them that the only thing that would make me smile is to see them on their knees, begging me to grace them with a smile and if they really care so much, why aren't they on their knees already, worthless piece of garbage?
- Crying.
- Coughing and pretending to vomit.
The joys of being a feminist improviser let loose in a world of men who are just throwing opportunities at you."
Another user wrote:
"Comments like this are the perfect excuse to act unapologetically rude. If they feel entitled to tell you how you can be more pleasing to them, go ahead and return the favour; criticise the way they look. Ask them why they are wasting their time telling strangers to adjust their facial expression for them. Or just tell them to sod off."
Still another answered:
"Usually I give them a huge, wide, evil grin -- teeth bared. If they were particularly nasty about it, I do that and then start walking directly and aggressively straight toward them, at a fast clip. They tend to get very uncomfortable and move away. Then I go about my business."
Another said:
"I usually go with the blank stare, held as long as possible. (My response might only be tempered by the age of the person saying it. If he was elderly, for example, I would just ignore the comment rather than being aggressive. My father had a bit of dementia in his later years, and sometimes, inadvertently, made insensitive remarks. I'm assuming most guys in the street are relatively dementia-free for this answer, though.)
There is a temptation for some to say they have good intentions/ are just being friendly/ mean no harm, or other such nonsense. It doesn't really matter what their intentions are. It's not about feminism; it's about good manners. These men are being rude and should be made aware of it. Women feel how they feel when they are harassed on the street, and their feelings should be respected. Ignorance is no defense, I'm afraid."
- Direct them to the #DudesGreetingDudes hashtag.
- Print out some cards or fliers. You can make your own or download the PDFs from CardsAgainstHarassment.com. Stick them in your bag. When someone tells you to smile, hit them up with THIS:
Other ideas? Share them in the comments!


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I am trying to establish a remote control session with a desktop. It fails with the error message "Unable to establish connection... too busy.. or network issues... try again later.."
I can establish a remote session outside of Spiceworks, though. No problem. Using Remote Desktop in WinXP Pro. (Both Boxes)
The unit I am trying to remote into using Spiceworks is one I commonly & frequently remote into from my XP desktop, using RDC
Any ideas?
5 Replies
Oct 18, 2007 at 2:27 UTC
Does SW have the right ip address?
Oct 18, 2007 at 2:31 UTC
Oct 18, 2007 at 2:44 UTC
I'm wondering...,. when I launch the remote control, it pops open an RDP window which I'm selecting "Open".. and it tries to make the connection. How do I verify which credentials it's trying to submit?
I saved the file to my local drve and looked at it with RDC, and it is minus a password......
Oct 18, 2007 at 3:48 UTC
Which version of RDP are you using? In the newer version there is a setting that might be causing this, if there is no password . . .
Oct 18, 2007 at 6:57 UTC
I'm definately not using your version currently.... But I will ....
It's somethigto do with the way SW is addressing the remote machine. It's wanting to connect using Workstation name rather than IP address, and the workstation name is not getting resolved because there are no DNS services to speak of, running on the network. Everything is addressable by IP address only.


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Home >> Household Faucet Activated Carbon Water Strainer Filters Fuchsia White
|Product Name
|Water Tap Filter
|Clear, White, Fuchsia
|Water Inlet Diameter
|12mm/ 0.47"
|Hole Diameter
|2mm/ 0.079"
|Total Height
|7.2cm/ 2.8"
|Net Weight
|Package Content
|1 x Water Tap Filter
- Filter consists of active carbon, magnet and filter fabric.
- You can filter the dopant in the water with the water filter.
- Easy to install and convenient to clean.
- This product is used for normal temperature, do not filter more than 45 ° C hot water,
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Inghite-ma ca pe "sauorma" =))
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Published on April 8, 2014 by Credit Union Times
By Robert McGarvey
ORLANDO, Fla. — Can mobile banking help a credit union better serve more unbanked and underbanked consumers?
That was the tantalizing idea behind a NACHA panel that brought senior executives from the $187 million Hope Federal Credit Union in Jackson, Miss., to talk about their mission of serving the economically disadvantaged in the Mid-South and how mobile banking helps them do that better.
Hope serves a vast territory, said Richard Campbell, Hope's CFO. Louisiana, Mississippi, Arkansas, and Tennessee are all in Hope's geography. The credit union has 16 branches, with two more slated to open, but a key to bringing financial services to the people is putting it on the phone.
"We can't compete in real estate but mobile banking lets us bring services to our members," Campbell said at the session Monday at the Payments 2014 NACHA conference at the Orlando World Center Marriott.
Hope's region also has a sizable unbanked population, said Campbell, who indicated that 15% of the Mississippi population qualifies, a number twice the national average.
The region accordingly has a sizable number of alternative financial services providers, meaning payday lenders and pawn shops, said panel moderator Andrew Tilbury, chief marketing officer at Bluepoint Solutions, an imaging and document management company based in Henderson, Nev.
Many of their locations are looking more like traditional branches, said Tilbury, who added, "Except for the high fees."


text:
PortCityDaily.com is your source for free news and information in the Wilmington area.
Roger Wiley Cash Sr., 72, of Oak Island, passed from this world on Friday, May 27, 2016, at home surrounded by family. Roger was born in Shelby on October 24, 1943, to Odus and Lucille Cash.
In high school, Roger worked on the pit crew for NASCAR legend Stick Elliott. He met Sandi on a blind date, and they married two years later just before Roger was drafted into the Army to serve as a medic in Germany. He graduated from Gardner-Webb Junior College and graduated from pharmacy school at University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in 1973. After settling in Gastonia, Roger joined Revco Drug/CVS Pharmacy and remained with the company for 38 years. In 1998, he and Sandi moved to Oak Island, fulfilling a lifelong dream of living at the beach full time.
During the years that Roger lived in Oak Island, he surrounded himself with loving friends at CVS Pharmacy, Southport Baptist Church, Generations Church, a small group Bible study, Thursday night prayer group and the farmers' markets in Southport and Oak Island. People knew him as a quiet, kind, gentle man who loved his wife and children, adored his granddaughters, enjoyed walking his dogs, building birdhouses and furniture, repairing old trucks and jeeps and living a good, contented life.
He is survived by his wife of 51 years, Sandi Cash; children and grandchildren, Jada Cash of Burnsville, and her daughter, Laela, Wiley Cash of Wilmington, and his wife, Mallory, and their daughters, Early and Juniper, and Cliff Cash of Wilmington, and his wife, Tess; sister, Pat Mayhew of Winterhaven, Fla.; and brother, Gill Cash of Marion.
A celebration of Roger's life will be held at 3 p.m. Friday, June 3, at Generations Church, 4874 Long Beach Road, Southport.
In lieu of flowers, donations can be made to Lower Cape Fear Hospice Foundation and Transformed by the Word Ministry's House of Hope.
To share online condolences with the family, click here.
To view the full list of Port City Daily obituaries, click here.


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Ahmadinejad to Syria: Killings 'serves Zionist interests'
Iranian President calls Assad's regime to engage in dialogue with Syrian people, stop violence, reach understanding so as to avoid western intervention in favor of 'Zionist entity' "When there is
By: aydeo | Comments: 7 | Views: 7703 | Votes: 0 | Shared: 0
Leaked: Aug-25-2011 in Iran
'Ahmadinejad wants friendship with Israel'
Muslim cleric claims Iranian president who threatened to wipe Jewish State off the map wants diplomatic relations, but is unable to publicly say so due to feud with Ayatollah Ali Khamenei Published:
By: aydeo | Comments: 5 | Views: 3296 | Votes: 0 | Shared: 0
Leaked: May-27-2011 in Iran
Ahmadinejad: U.S. plotting to sow divisions among Arab states and save Israel
Iran president says U.S. supports dictatorial regimes and blames Washington for bloodshed across Mideast. Report: Egypt, Iran discuss resuming diplomatic ties after 30 years - Egyptian-run news websit
By: aydeo | Comments: 8 | Views: 8556 | Votes: 0 | Shared: 0
Leaked: May-25-2011 in Iran
Ahmadinejad allies charged with sorcery
Close allies of Iran's president, Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, have been accused of using supernatural powers to further his policies amid an increasingly bitter power struggle between him and the country'
By: RustyNailer | Comments: 9 | Views: 7085 | Votes: 0 | Shared: 0
Leaked: May-5-2011 in Iran
Missing Iran leader Ahmadinejad under pressure from MPs
Powerful MPs in Iran have called for a closed debate on President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad's apparent boycott of his official duties. The president has not been seen at his office for eight days, missi
By: DEADBEEF | Comments: 5 | Views: 6776 | Votes: 0 | Shared: 0
Location: Tehran, Tehran, Iran | Leaked: May-1-2011 in Iran
Ahmadinejad: God has chosen my successor
Iranian president tells council heads in Tehran, 'Future has already been determined. God knows who will come after me' Published: 03.19.11 Mahmoud Ahmadinejad says his replacement as Iranian
By: aydeo | Comments: 40 | Views: 6252 | Votes: 0 | Shared: 0
Leaked: Mar-20-2011 in Iran, Middle East
Iranian Documentary: The 12th Imam is Near and Ahmadinejad is Going To Lead His Army
Posted by Jeff Dunetz Mar 13th 2011 at 1:59 pm Last month, on the 32nd anniversary of the overthrow of the Shah Iranian President Ahmadinejad spoke of a New Middle East spurred by the by the Egypti
By: hughmac7 | Comments: 42 | Views: 12827 | Votes: 0 | Shared: 0
Leaked: Mar-13-2011 in Iran, News, Middle East
Ahmadinejad: Obama can't spell his own name
Ahead of pro-government rally, Iranian leader says US president 'can't control his emotions' Published: 02.18.11 Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad attacked Barack Obama on Friday, sayin
By: aydeo | Comments: 26 | Views: 7304 | Votes: 0 | Shared: 0
Leaked: Feb-18-2011 in Iran, Middle East
Ahmadinejad's car gets $1 million bid online
TEHRAN, Iran – The Iranian president's 33-year-old car has received a $1 million bid from abroad in a charity auction to raise money for a low-income housing project, reported a local newspaper on S
By: agharazi | Comments: 12 | Views: 8705 | Votes: 1 | Shared: 15
Leaked: Jan-2-2011 in Iran, Middle East
Did Mossad try to kill Ahmadinejad?
Iranian source says Tehran uncovered Mossad attempts to arrange assassination operation during Ahmadinejad's Lebanon visit; those involved in plot 'sold their soul to Zionists,' he says Published:
By: aydeo | Comments: 27 | Views: 8980 | Votes: 0 | Shared: 0
Leaked: Dec-8-2010 in Iraq, Iran, Middle East
Wanna buy a car from Ahmadinejad?
Iranian president auctioning one of his most treasured possessions – a '73 white Peugeot 504. Proceeds to go needy families in Tehran Published: 11.22.10 Looking for a used car, preferably
By: aydeo | Comments: 26 | Views: 5642 | Votes: 0 | Shared: 0
Leaked: Nov-23-2010 in Iran, Middle East
A fiery speech of Iranian President Ahmadinejad told a crowd in the thousands in the south
A fiery speech of Iranian President Ahmadinejad told a crowd in the thousands in the south
By: alankabout | Comments: 12 | Views: 8504 | Votes: 0 | Shared: 0
Leaked: Nov-10-2010 in Iran, LiveLeaks


text:
Prices, specials, features and availability subject to change.
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Welcome to Arbor Lakes Apartments, located in prestigious Arlington Heights close to restaurants, shopping and entertainment featuring award-winning floor plans, picturesque waterscapes and all newly-renovated apartments.
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Dogs Allowed. Cats Allowed. Pets Accepted. Call for service animal policy.
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Too expensive. Tenants are allowed to have dogs breeds that bark a lot.
May 10, 2015
Office staff is the best / maintenance staff is the best we don't want to live anywhere else.
December 01, 2014
Beautiful place and apartments in excellent condition. Lively and friendly community.
November 21, 2014
The Maintenance crew is always on top of any problems that occur. The Manager in the office is willing to spea Read Morek to you if you have anything to discuss and there are others in the office that are helpful as well.
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November 18, 2014
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Home › Forums › Gear Forums › Gear (General) › How do you justify it?
Feb 27, 2009 at 12:03 pm #1234394
This is being moved from what type of knife forum.
Whats in your survival kit and how do you jusify it. Also have you ever used it. AliFeb 27, 2009 at 1:14 pm #1481296
W I S N E R !BPL Member
I don't have time to go into a full gear list right now, but one point of discussion I think is important is carrying tinder.
Everyone has firestarters but it seems to me that most don't carry adequate (or any) tinder, which could *argueably* be equally important.
Many tinder options are not heavy, nor necessarily bulky; I don't see why it wouldn't make it into a kit.
I like using jute twine dipped in parafin. Let it harden and cut it into 2-3" strips.
Break the wax, fluff up the end, and it lights easily with a spark (even a broken lighter should do it).
With what I make, 2-3" piece burns for about 5-6 minutes.
25 of these sticks in a small 2×3" ziplock weighs only .5 ounces and takes littile space.
In addition to a firesteel, this is with me all the time; I use them for lighting the woodstove, campfires, survival, whatever. I've never been unable to start a fire with this combo…snow, rain, soaked wood, whatever.
How you prepare your wet wood and get suitable kindling is a whole other issue….
I've always thought more attention should be payed to bushcraft on these forums- most people don't even know how to "really" use a knife, etc…
Let's go Ali!! (I know you've got that b a d a s s tracker knife…)Feb 27, 2009 at 1:29 pm #1481303
Nate MeinzerMember
@rezniemLocale: San Francisco
Well, go for it. I'm all ears….how do you prepare kindling in wet conditions?
(I use cotton balls and vaseline for tinder….have had trouble getting things going when wood is wet, though.)Feb 27, 2009 at 1:31 pm #1481304
Nick GatelBPL Member
@ngatelLocale: Southern California
Me thinks too many people are watching "Man vs Wild" :)
I had extensive survival training when I was in the military, and can take care of myself with very little. Learning how to do this is probably useful. But too many people are in our wilderness areas, so I am an advocate of bringing what you need. Foraging for food and shelter is also time consuming.
If you must, then go ahead. One thing about tinder is to pick it up as you go, and keep it in your pack, or somewhere else if you have decided to forego a pack. Often you can find a downed tree or branch which is wet, but with Ali's knife you can dig into the dry sections of the wood. In addition, dung makes a fine fuel above the tree line where wood is often nil.Feb 27, 2009 at 1:36 pm #1481309
Chad MillerMember
@chadnscLocale: Duluth, Minnesota
1.Compass with mirror
2.Waterproof matches
3.Butane Lighter
4.Pocket knife with 2.5" blade
5.30 feet of 5.5 mm cord (used to hang food)
6.Headlamp (used every night)
7.Extra batteries (for headlamp and insulin pump)
8. Space blanket (if cold enough)
9. (2) Energy gels (emergency use only)
10. Insulin bottle (emergency supply)
11. Syringe (emergency use only)
12. 1 quart ziplock bag
13. Seven iodine tabs (inside ziplock bag)
With the exception of the energy gels, iodine tabs, space blanket, insulin and fire starting tool every item in my survival kit are items I use nearly every day when out on a trip. In fact the last six items on my list are the only ones truly used only for survival.
All of these items are packaged together into a zippered stuff sack that I refer to as my "Kit". I tend to view my kit less as survival gear and more as items that I could not function without. As such I always know where the kit is and it can function as survival gear if need be.Feb 27, 2009 at 1:43 pm #1481314
Joe ClementBPL Member
@skinewmexicoLocale: Southwest
Dryer lint makes great tinder. Easy to find and cheap too.Feb 27, 2009 at 2:45 pm #1481333
I store my dryer lint in my belly button. Finding dry wood is not that difficult even here in the pnw. One think I do on every hike is seach out tinder and kindling as I hike. I dont do this for daily use so much as to learn what burns and what doesnt. even in the wilds of Hawaii I was able to strip small branches for kindling and all I had was my tiny swiss knife. I always carry something with me depending on where I am going. Tip, that paracord you are carying is a great fire starter. AliFeb 27, 2009 at 2:54 pm #1481338
W I S N E R !BPL Member
"…how do you prepare kindling in wet conditions?"
DISCLAIMER: I'm hardly an expert…these are just my experiences.
It's been my experience that "wet" wood is often not wet, not on the inside anyway, especially with thicker pieces.
A good fixed blade knife should be able to split up to wrist sized pieces with a baton. Split your wood down, exposing the core (which is typically more dry). Using wood from the core, shave the thinnest pieces possible; kneeling and bracing the spine of your knife against the soft spot below your kneecap helps here- draw the wood back against the blade- much safer, much more control to shave fine strips. Even when damp, it doesn't take too much heat or flame exposure to light these shavings if they're thin enough. After you have a bunch of these, split more wood from the core into slightly less than pencil-sized strips and make very thin feather sticks from these.
Feather sticks:
You can make them much smaller than the one pictured here for wet wood. It takes a sharp knife and good technique (again draw the wood against a braced blade, not the other way!- Most people shave wood completely backwards!)
It's all about increasing the surface area of the wood you're trying to burn…the more surface area, the thinner the shavings, the faster it will dry and light.
A shaving less than a millimeter thick but 1/4" wide will usually dry in seconds when exposed to a small flame- slowly build up from there. I think it's all in the knife-skills, patience in preparation of shavings and feather sticks, and carrying an adequate supply of good tinder.Feb 27, 2009 at 3:35 pm #1481355
Piper S.BPL Member
@sbhikesLocale: Santa Barbara (Name: Diane)
I suppose if I were truly desperate and there wasn't a single thing anywhere to burn, I could cut a little of my hair. I got lots on my head and elsewhere, too.Feb 27, 2009 at 3:49 pm #1481359
Fire isnt always a must. We assume that it will be too cold or wet in an emergency situation. I use fire as a way to occupy my mind but rarely have I ever used it to actually survive. Again its good to practice and know how to make one. I know from experience I can easily go five days with no food and can survive down to freezing. I met a guy with badly twisted ankle slowly hiking out. He had devised a crutch but was still suffering badly. I offered to carry him out or at least assist but after 4 days he had something to proove. I asked him why he didnt just jump in the river and float the last few miles and was dumfounded that he hadnt thought of that. I gave him half my food and went on my way. My point is there is always a better solution the more you practice the more you know. There are only two things you need to survive a disaster anywhere. AliFeb 27, 2009 at 7:11 pm #1481399
Brian ULMember
@maynard76Locale: New England
Here is the man himself- Mors Kochanski.
This pic was taken by "Mungo" as I didnt have a camera that weekend. One of most instructive weekends of my life.
His book " Bushcraft" is the survival/bushcraft bible.
You can take most of the "survival" books you own and throw them in the trash.
We need to define survival as opposed to bushcraft.
In a survival situation you are just tryng to stay alive until you are rescued or able to self rescue thats it. Bushcraft is more about actually living off the land -even homesteading and farming can be considered bushcraft.
Survival is short term by definition. You dont need to eat!!
I mean if you have food on you or can easily gather it -like if your camped in front of a patch of bluberries and wheat, go for it, but I always had a problem with "Survivor man" spending the bulk of his time searching for food -you can live for months with out food only a few days with out water.
Fire is very important because with it you can keep warm and signal. You also need a shelter of some sort and of coarse water. Thats about it, except for a plan to get to help. And thats the whole point.
Bushcraft is a related but whole new level. Its about living off the land and thriving -not merely surviving.
I basically use the kit I was taught to by Tim Smith and his teacher Kochanski. A Mora, firesteel, matches, compass, mirror and then add whatever else you can make work.
Tinder can be home made and carried- which is smart.
But it also can be found, and its smart to know the what and where of what ever environment your traveling in.Feb 27, 2009 at 7:22 pm #1481404
Brian ULMember
@maynard76Locale: New England
Also, I think fire starting is best learned face-to-face through demonstration.
I had read all kinds of "survival/bushcraft" books but it wasn't until I was able to take classes with knowledgeable instructors that I was able to "get" it.
Some things take a chapter to explain and 2 minutes to demonstrate. I could show people here who have questions easily in person but I wouldn't know where to begin if I had to type it. And there is the crux of the problem.Feb 27, 2009 at 11:48 pm #1481448
Dale WambaughBPL Member
@dwambaughLocale: Pacific Northwest
Diane wrote: "I suppose if I were truly desperate and there wasn't a single thing anywhere to burn, I could cut a little of my hair."
Or pull some fuzz from your socks or fleece, or in an emergency, cut some insulation from a jacket, etc.
As several have said, there is stripping a piece of wood down to the dry stuff. Cattail fluff, birch bark and some fungi can be used. In the Northwest, there are usually dry dead branches that can be snapped off for kindling.
I carry tinder in a spy capsule– Tinder Quick tabs or cotton balls with petroleum jelly. If you have your kit, there is stove fuel and alcohol hand cleaning gel is great. Alcohol swabs from your first aid kit work too. I add an Esbit tab even if using an alcohol stove.
Tinder is just the start. You want a good supply of kindling and a couple decent chunks of wood. Always have two pieces of wood– they keep each other burning so to speak. Remember that you don't need to cut a long piece, just keep feeding it into the fire.Mar 1, 2009 at 11:47 am #1481748
Joseph MorrisonMember
@sjdm4211Locale: Smokies
Here is a video of the contents of my survival kit. http://s253.photobucket.com/albums/hh70/sjdm4211/?action=view¤t=MOV00981-1.flv.
A few things have changed since making the video but for the most part it is the same.
I have a similar kit that I use when I go out for weekend long barebones trips. I have built shelters and fires, purified water, gathered wild edibles, caught and cooked crawfish, trout and red eye and built improvised tools with nothing but what was in the kit.
I can't tell you all how much my kit weighs but I think a well thoughtout pocket sized survival kit is light enough that every UL backpacker should have one. Add a knife, stainless canteen, emergency blanket or bivy, proper clothing and some basic wilderness skills and your chance of survival is much better.Mar 1, 2009 at 12:15 pm #1481751
Joseph MorrisonMember
@sjdm4211Locale: Smokies
One thing I do on every backpacking trip is collect birch bark along the trail. I keep gathering it until both my cargo pockets are full. I can't tell you how many times I have came across people who had no idea that birch bark is an excellent fire starter and will catch a spark from a ferro rod.
I have given out so many BSA Hotsparks to children and then showed them what they can do with birch bark. It is awesome to see there face light up with the biggest smile when they find out they can build a fire all by themselves. Thats when you get to them, when they are children. Once they grow up they think they know everything and they won't take advice from anyone.
I once saw a grown man struggle to get a fire started with a bernzomatic torch. Granted it had rained the day before but thats no excuse. It was pathetic, A man should be able to start a fire. I tried to show him but he thought he knew what he was doing. I took wood from the same downed tree he had. I cut logs with my small folding saw and then split it with my knife. I gathered some kindling for about 20 minutes. I got my birch bark and my LMF scout ferro rod from my pocket and built a fire that lasted all night.
I have also witnessed people resorting to using there stove fuel to keep a fire going.Mar 1, 2009 at 3:50 pm #1481791
Unknown abcMember
1.1 birthday candle (in with matches below)
this is for firestarting and when you feel like crying you can pretend it's your b-day
2."XUL" first aid kit
3.MYOG w/p Strike anywhere matches and striker (in mini ziploc)paired with Bic lighter in my cook kit
I already have my knife, compass, water purification etc., and there is no gear that can replace the 50lbs. of knowledge in your head!
You must be logged in to reply to this topic.


text:
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Measuring & Computer>
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text:
Harry - AMature
Morning brought a very sleepy Lou, a comforting Si, a driver in the form of Flo and so some time for A and I to chat. She took a seat opposite me and smiled slowly, I glanced at Si and Lou who were snuggled up together, Lou asleep and Si's arm was reaching over her whilst he read a book, I winked at A.
"Sleep well?" she enquired,
"Yes thanks, you?"
"Alright I guess, I can never sleep when I'm all crammed in, I prefer my double bed at home where I can stretch out," she smiled, "I love my double bed,"
"They have many uses," I allowed,
"Like sleeping,"
"Lounging and jumping on,"
"And using as a dumping place for clothes," she smiled, I hated being so subtle – okay it wasn't that subtle but I wanted to talk openly to her, I knew Silas would hear - he wasn't deaf…
"After yesterday, how are you feeling?" I asked,
"After my fall?" she winked, "I'm good, it was a surprise and I didn't want Flo to find out, but now she knows and we can't do anything about it, I was thinking of telling them,"
"We can't," I said quickly, Silas looked over at us,
"I'm neither dumb nor deaf!" he cried, "Where did you fall?"
"I fell out the van," she mumbled,
"Wish I had seen that!" he laughed and then returned to his book,
"We can't tell them!" I mouthed to Aimee,
"Why not?" she mimed back,
"Not now," I said aloud, Si glanced over at us again and raised an eyebrow, "I don't feel like playing cards," I said to A,
"Fine!" she grumbled and picked up the magazine she'd been reading, that ended that conversation, I picked up my phone and replied to one of the 10 texts from my parents.
Where are you? Having fun?
Hey mom, it's good, we're on the road…somewhere, I'm not keeping track, just chilling with the guys and sightseeing a whole lot! Love you x
"Hey guys, we have a problem," Flo called from the driver's seat,
"Shoot," A said putting her magazine down,
"There's a police car waving us down ahead," she replied, I peeled away the curtain and sure enough a police car was sidelining us, waving at Flo to slow down.
"We can't outrun this one," I muttered, "plus he's got a gun…"
"Crap," Flo mumbled as she pulled to the side of the road and slowed down, "crap, crap, crap!"


text:
Farmers' Markets / Stands
Maple Tree Gardens
Fresh fruits and vegetables. Open Sunday-Saturday 10 am-6 pm in season.
West Candor Maple
Maple syrup, from March to October. Maple syrup is available for purchase at the Hi Way Dairy Bar, 49 Owego Road, Candor. Call for availability at other times.
Waverly Farmer's Market
Muldoon Park (corner of Pennsylvania Ave and Park Ave) Waverly, NY 14892 ~ 607-565-2685
Fresh produce. Every Thursday between June 17th and October 21st from 4-7pm. The first Thursday of every month there are craft vendors.
W&W Nursery
Family operated business since 1988. Located just minutes from Routes 17, 86, and 434. Acres of locally grown shade and ornamental trees. Huge selection of Perennials, ornamental grasses, shrubs and the latest trends. Garden Center & Nursery hours - April 1-November 1, Mon.-Fri. 9 am-6 pm. Sat. 9 am-4 pm. Closed on Sundays.
Sweetrees Maple Products
761 Glen Road, Berkshire, NY 13760 607-972-6699 or 315-699-3855
Website: www.sweetreesmaple.com
Maple syrup, maple cream, maple fudge, maple sugar, maple jelly, maple suckers, molded maple candies, maple coated nuts, maple ice cream topping. We offer an assortment of maple products year round. We can do wedding favors. We have open tours in the spring when we are boiling- we love to have visitors! If you are interested in purchasing our products please call us or email us. We are there mostly on Sundays but all spring when boiling.
Sunnyside Farm
2083 Moore Hill Road, Nichols, NY 13812
Grass-fed beef, dairy, eggs, pork.
Sugarbush Run
1928 Howard Hill Road, Newark Valley, NY 13811 607-642-8750 and 607-972-1915
Website: www.sugarbushrun.com
Maple Syrup made the good old fashioned way. We produce pure maple products - maple syrup, maple cream, maple candy and granulated maple sugar - available year round. Come visit our maple syrup operation. Call first to see if we are boiling during sugarin' season (usually end of February through early April). Gift boxes are available. Email or call us for more information.
Stoughton Farm
10898 State Rt. 38, Newark Valley, NY 13811 607-642-3675
Website: www.cornfieldmaze.com
Stoughton Farm is a roadside produce market and greenhouse with the area's original 8 acre corn maze. Our greenhouse opens in May and holds a wide selection throughout the summer. We grow and sell produce throughout the spring, summer and fall, including our locally famous sweet corn. We have u-pick fall raspberries, among additional fall produce such as pumpkins, apples, grapes, pears and more! On weekends and holidays during maze season we offer hay rides, cow train rides, jumping pillow, friendly fire, pumpkin blaster and our corn cannon. Additional attractions are not open during night maze. Check out our website for pictures and a list of FREE attractions.
Stoughton's 2016 Maze opens September 17th and runs until October 31st. Hours: Mon-Sat 9AM-6PM Last admission 5:30PM, Sun 9AM-5PM Last Admission 4:30PM. On Friday and Saturday Nights in October maze hours extend after dark with last admission at 9PM and maze closing at 10PM.
Sanctuary Farms
2015 Upper Briggs Hollow, Nichols, NY 13812 607-699-7945
Honey in the fall, available at the farm. Call for availability.
Purdy's Produce
459 Gage Road, Owego, NY 13827 607-642-8439


text: Sorry, this property is not available anymore. Photos Map 2 2 Property Place We bought here Features Bedrooms2Bathrooms2Features2 Bedrooms/2.5 Bathrooms1.91 Acres LandSea & Piton ViewsFully FurnishedVery PrivateAir-condition Property Description Seascape Villa spans a total of 3200 sq f of living space, set on a 1.91 acre sloping lot. The villa has a two ensuite bathrooms, kitchen, living room and dining area. There is also an additional room which can be used as an office or a spare room if needed. There are 3 balconies at the front of the house to enjoy the views as well as the cool Caribbean breeze.Upon entering the reception area of Seascape Villa, there is a small stepdown into the living room this floor opens to the dining area and kitchen. The living room and kitchen doors both lead out to the large balcony which spans the front of the house on this level. There is also a powder near the reception area for guest usage.Upon ascending the stairs the bedrooms are on either sides with the office/spare room in the middle. Both Bedrooms have King Beds, air condition, private balconies and built wardrobes. The Master bathroom features an open air shower, face basin, water closet and tub. The second bath has a shower, water closet and face basin.Seascape Villa is constructed of Red Cedar and Mahogany wood with a concrete foundation. There is an open basement level which can used as a parking area or enclosed for storage space. The town of Soufriere is a short drive away. Vieux Fort and additional amenities are a 30 minute drive away. Request details This property listing (ref: SFR 017) is an advertisement supplied by St Lucia Homes and does not constitute property particulars. While aplaceinthesun.com (APITS Ltd.) requests all advertisers supply correct details, it does not carry out checks on the information supplied and cannot be held responsible for any inaccuracies. Aplaceinthesun.com recommends seeking independent legal advice prior to any overseas property purchase.


text:
QSC E18SW - 18" Passive Subwoofer
The QSC E18SW is a high-performance direct radiation subwoofer with a single, 800W, 18-inch, aluminum frame woofer. It's designed to produce crushing low-end for live performance with kick-drum and bass in the PA or for high-level, high-energy dance music.
A threaded, M20 pole socket is provided for sub/satellite use with any of the E Series two-way models. For portable applications it includes attachment points for four optional casters. The subwoofer's 4-ohm impedance means that a single woofer can be optimally powered by a less expensive amplifier.
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- Enclosure: Rectangular, plywood, black texture paint finish. Four side-mounted handles. Rear panels provision for optional casters. Perforated, powder-coated steel grille with foam lining.
- Mounting and suspension: M20 threaded pole-mount socket
- Net weight: 43 kg / 94 lbs
- Shipping weight: 48 kg / 105 lbs
- Dimensions: 590x616x605mm / 23.2x24.2x23.8in
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£489.00 £407.50 (ex. vat)
QSC E10 - 10" Multipurpose, Two-Way Passive Loudspeaker
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text:
Also today, I've decided to begin providing updates for Arnold Schwarzenegger's next film The Last Stand here at the site as well. A visitor of the site going by the name Frenchy recommended it and its something I've been thinking about doing. That way I have a page going for the upcoming films of our big three Sly, Arnold and Bruce!!
And for those concerned, the prime focus of the site always has been and always will be The Expendables franchise, I just like providing a little extra as a fan.


text: Leah Sep 8 at 6:11 am Lol when my husband purchased my ring, my fingers were already larger. I lost maybe 40 pounds before getting pregnant, so now my rings are just starting to fit more securely! I'm 35 weeks though, so maybe it won't last…:( lol cute video ladies!Reply


text: The fog occurred when you connected the Castle doctrine to shoot first mentality. I think you will find that most people here are more than willing to defend laws that protect our rights to self defense. You will find very few (if any) here that do not agree with identify your target.


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Cows release a toxic gas into the air. A change in their diet may help the planet.
Veterinarians in Africa are working to save gorilla species—one patient at a time
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On March 14, math and science lovers around the world celebrate this special number
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A new study finds that cats may be just as smart as dogs
A new study finds that changing how a plant uses sunlight could mean more food in the future
Octopus, cuttlefish, and squid populations are booming in all the world's oceans.
The largest all-sky survey of our galaxy is being created


text:
Viral photo of funky 72 year old Nigerian grandmother updating her facebook page and whatsapp by herself
By Sugar Daily 3 2016-10-24T16:34:00+01:00 Old Mama Youngie , Say What?!?
Social media user Endurance Keyamo shared this photo of his 72 year old mother updating her Facebook status with her mobile phone. He described her as a digital mama.
About the Author
Sugar Daily
Got real life stories, gossip, tip-off, happening-right-now photos, compelling and inspiring stories to share? Send us an email: firstname.lastname@example.com or tag us on Twitter: @SugarDailyNG


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It only takes a minute to get started. Fill out our simple sign up form and login to the website.
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text:
SailNet Community (http://www.sailnet.com/forums/)
- General Discussion (sailing related) (http://www.sailnet.com/forums/general-discussion-sailing-related/)
- - Increasing flotation (http://www.sailnet.com/forums/general-discussion-sailing-related/97987-increasing-flotation.html)
Increasing flotation
I have a Neptune 24 made by Capital Yachts. My problem is that it rides really low in the rear and I would like to add some flotation to address this problem. My outboard is a Honda 8HP, so no excess weight there, and I have moved the batteries from their original location more forward to help. Is two part foam the best/only option to not lose any stowage? Do I need to cut open my liner to access the voids between? Any insight would be very helpful. Thanks.
Re: Increasing flotation
you are saying she rides low.. so she is not riding on her lines?
Re: Increasing flotation
You're outboard really could be a major part of the problem. I know an 8 hp might not exacly be light, but could you take that off the mount and stow it below deck somewhere near the mast (assuming it's keel stepped)? My boat is similar displacement (maybe 400 lbs heavier) and we cruise with our 6 hp outboard on the transom, but would never consider racing that way-- it's significantly faster stored below. I don't see how it's possible to add foam anywhere (inside the hull) to alter the way the boat sits on her lines- you just have to move weight forward.
Re: Increasing flotation
I don't believe floatation inside the hull would do anything to solve your problem. If you wanted to spend a small to mid-sized fortune in changing the boat to solve the problem, then you might try "micro-ballons" which are used by many racing boats to slightly alter trim and sailing characteristics.
A much cheaper and easier way to solve your problem might be to shift things around inside the boat (add an anchor and chain forward, stow heavier items forward; lighter stuff aft, etc.) until you have achieved the trim you desire.
Re: Increasing flotation
Foam heavier than air, fill voids (air) with foam to add floatation, I'm not seeing it.:confused:
Re: Increasing flotation
Capta is correct in saying that adding foam inside won't alter the lines, in fact it would actually worsen it by adding more weight in the area where you actually want more displacement. Move weight forward .
Re: Increasing flotation
The foam in all the aft compartments prevent you from stowing anything in them thereby trimming the vessel. It's all about method.
Re: Increasing flotation
Re: Increasing flotation
Re: Increasing flotation
Don't motor so fast. Sail more. I think you WILL notice a difference! Displacement hulls drop lower in the stern when being pushed near hull speed.
4 adults in the cockpit are an easy 600 + lbs!
Flotation cannot be increased without making the boat larger; the only way is to make it lighter.
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KEEN Zambezi Sandal Men's
Designed for the needs of river guides and professional paddlers, the Keen Men's Zambezi Sandal sports an amphibious design that's equally suited for charging Class IV rapids and meandering down lazy rivers. Its rubber toe cap acts as a protective barrier between your feet and slippery riverbeds strewn with toe crunching rocks and logs. TPU reinforced upper panels resist abrasion for long lasting use. Perhaps most impressive with this river friendly sandal is its one pull adjustable strap. This system consists of a high strength strap that easily adjusts with a single pull for a secure, dialed fit. Plus, this sandal releases with the simple push of a buckle for quick bailing. Not using these in the water on a daily basis' No problem. The sandal's textured EVA footbed cradles your feet in all day comfort with its anatomical arch support. Smooth microfiber strap lining wicks moisture for quick drying, non irritating performance. You'll also find a textile reinforced rubber sole with large traction lugs for sure footed grip over slippery stream beds and smooth urban surfaces alike.
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Breed this stallion to your mare and the baby's papers will have two AQHA Hall of Fame horses on it's papers. By Rime - a SON of DASH FOR CASH out of…Stud Fee: $500
Chief is not for sale. Beautiful black/white APHA stallion @ stud. Possibly homozygous for tobiano and the black gene. Cheiftons War Drum, reg. #511,735…Stud Fee: $150
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Travel Blogs from Amritsar
Home to the Golden Temple
... so many lists to complete on the Indian side. Thomas rolled his eyes and asked what do they do with all these lists. I pointed out it gives Indians a job as not actually about the lists really and he got it. Okay after copious quantities of paperwork we were through.
Into Amritsar and went to find Mrs Bhandaris Guest House which was going to be no problem given we found the location using Google ...
The Ministry of Sikhy Walks
... to the centre. Amazing white walls surrounded a lake of koi carp, in the centre of which was the main temple itself, blindingly golden and without a doubt one of the most beautiful places I've ever seen. After walking round the lake briefly, taking in the incredible scene, and after many obligatory "one snap please" from the young Indians who were particularly interested in Cory, I went with Sergay to the eating hall for a free meal sat on the floor of a hall with hundreds ...
So long and thanks for all the chai
... sugar it was more like a dessert than a drink. Not one to take the title for best in India. Fed, watered and suitability impressed with the huge human effort to run the biggest kitchen and dinning room in the world all on good will, we headed off to see the evening ceremony. The Sikh holy book of principles to live your life by is considered by them to be a living entity, so each night it is taken from its daytime resting place in the golden temple to a bed in the palace on the edge of ...
Sole city walking in Amritsar
... as it could be. Eventually, having been walking back for two hours, I insisted we stop and ask somebody for directions, something Graham is never really keen to do, it's a man thing. Directions got from a friend of a friendly local who didnt know where we were going but called a friend, off we set again. After another ten minutes' walking we were sure we were close but still no sign of Mrs ...
The Golden Temple
... and they teach truthful living, equality of mankind, social justice and denounce all blind rituals and superstitions.
In terms of religions, Sikhism is one of the new kids on the block. It was founded by a Sikh Guru only around 500years ago! Compared to other religions which have been around for centuries, it is only a baby. In every gurdwara, a free community kitchen can be found where meals are served to all who enter, no matter which religion they ...


text: The ISA Level • The Instruction Set Architecture (ISA) is positioned between the microarchtecture level and the operating system level. Historically, this was the only level. It is the interface between the software and the hardware. Programs written in high-level languages (C, C++, FORTRAN 90, etc.) are compiled into a common intermediate form - the ISA level which the hardware executes directly. The ISA Level The ISA Level How do we decide what the ISA should support? • Ideally, ask both hardware and software engineers the features they would like to have and reach a compromise. • In practice, the most important feature is backward compatibility. • A good ISA should should define a set of instructions that can be implemented effectively in current and future technologies. • It should also provide a clean target for compiled code. The ISA Level For some architectures, the ISA level is specified by a formal defining document (e.g. both V9 SPARC and JVM). • This allows different implementations of the same architecture. • Such defining documents contain normative sections, which impose requirements, and informative sections, that are intended to help the reader but are not part of the formal specification. • There is no formal defining document for the Pentium II. The ISA Level There are at least two modes at the ISA level: • Kernel mode is intended to run the operating system and allows all instructions to be executed. • User mode is intended to run application programs and does not permit certain sensitive instructions to be executed. All computers divide memory up into cells that have consecutive addresses. • The most common cell size is 8 bits (called a byte). • The reason for using 8 bits is that ASCII codes are 7 bits (add one bit for parity). Memory Models Bytes are grouped into 4-byte (32 bit) or 8-byte (64 bit) words with instructions available for manipulating entire words. Many architectures require words to be aligned on their natural boundaries. • This allows more efficient memory operations. • Reading words at arbitrary addresses requires extra logic on the chip, making it bigger and more expensive. • The Pentium II does not require alignment in order to retain compatibility with the 8088. The ISA Level Registers • All computers have some registers visible at the ISA level. These control execution of the program hold temporary results are used for other purposes • ISA level registers can be divided into two categories: special-purpose (PC, SP, etc.) general-purpose (local variables, etc.) Registers On some machines the general-purpose registers are completely symmetric and interchangeable. It is common for compilers and operating systems to adopt conventions about how the general-purpose registers are used. Many special-purpose registers are available only in kernel mode (those that control cache, I/O devices and other hardware). Registers • One control register that is a hybrid kernel/user is the flags register or PSW (Program Status Word). This register contains various condition bits: N - Set when the result was Negative Z - Set when the result was Zero V - Set when the result caused an oVerflow C - Set when the result caused a Carry out of the leftmost bit A - Set when there was a carry out of bit 3 (Auxiliary carry) P - Set when the result had even parity Pentium II ISA Level The Pentium II has three operating modes, two of which make it look like an 8088. In real mode, features added since the 8088 are turned off. • An application error causes the machine to crash. Virtual 8086 mode makes it possible to run old 8088 programs in a protected way. • A special isolated environment that acts like an 8088 is created, except that if the program crashes, the operating system is informed. • Used when an MS-DOS window is opened. Pentium II Registers The first four registers are general-purpose: • • • • EAX is the main arithmetic register. EBX is good for holding pointers ECX plays a role in looping EDX is needed for multiplication and division (holding half of the 64-bit products and dividends) These registers contain 8- and 16-bit registers in the low-order bits for manipulation of 8- and 16-bit quantities, respectively. Pentium II Registers The next three registers are general-purpose: • ESI and EDI hold pointers into memory, especially for the hardware string manipulation routines. • EBP is a pointer register (typically to the base of the current stack frame, like LV in JVM). • ESP is the stack pointer. CS through GS are segment registers. EIP is the program counter EFLAGS is the PSW. Pentium II Primary Registers UltraSPARC II • The SPARC architecture is a RISC architecture based on the research done at Cal-Berkeley. • The memory structure is a linear array of 264 bytes (more than can currently be addressed). • The UltraSPARC II has two groups of registers: 32 64-bit general-purpose registers 32 floating-point registers UltraSPARC II General Registers UltraSPARC II Register Windows The UltraSPARC II actually has more than 32 general purpose registers, although only 32 of them are visible to the program at a time. This feature, known as Register Windows, is intended for the efficient support of procedure calls. There are multiple sets of registers, which emulate the use of a stack. The register CWP (Current Window Pointer) keeps track of which registers set is currently in use. Register renaming is used to efficiently pass parameters. UltraSPARC II Register Windows Pentium II Data Types The Pentium II supports two's complement integers, unsigned integers, binary coded decimal numbers, and IEEE 754 floating-point numbers It handles 8 and 16 bit integers as well. Operands do not have to be aligned in memory, but better performance is obtained if they are. There are also instructions for manipulating 8bit ASCII character strings: copying and searching. Pentium II Numeric Data Types UltraSPARC II Data Types The UltraSPARC II supports a wide range of data formats. • For integers it supports 8-, 16-, 32-, and 64-bit operands, both signed and unsigned. • Signed integers use two's complement. • Floating point operands conform to the IEEE 754 standard. • BCD numbers are not supported. • All operands must be aligned in memory. • Character and string data types are not supported by special instructions. UltraSPARC II Numeric Data Types JVM Data Types • Java is a strongly-typed language. Every operand has a specific type and size known at compile time. Signed integers use two's complement. Unsigned integers are not supported by JVM. Neither are BCD numbers. JVM supports 16-bit UNICODE characters rather than 8-bit ASCII characters. There is limited support for pointers. JVM Numeric Data Types Instruction Formats • An instruction consists of an opcode, usually with some additional information such as where operands come from, and where results go. • The general subject of specifying where the operands are is called addressing. • Several possible formats for level 2 instructions are shown on the next slide. Common Instruction Formats Instruction Formats • On some machines, all instructions have the same length; on others there may be many different lengths. • Instructions may be shorter than, the same length as, or longer than the word length. Having a single instruction length is simpler and makes decoding easier, but is less efficient. Common Instruction Formats Expanding Opcodes We will now examine tradeoffs involving both opcodes and addresses. Consider an (n + k) bit instruction with a k-bit opcode and a single n-bit address. • This instruction allows 2k different operations and 2n addressable memory cells. • Alternatively, the same n + k bits could be broken up into a (k - 1) bit opcode and an (n + 1) bit address, meaning half as many instructions and either twice as much addressable memory or the same amount of memory with twice the resolution. Expanding Opcodes The concept of a expanding opcode can best be seen through an example. Consider a machine in which instructions are 16 bits long and addresses are 4 bits long. • This might be reasonable on a machine that has 16 registers on which all arithmetic operations take place. • One design would be a 4-bit opcode and three addresses in each instruction, giving 16 threeaddress instructions. Expanding Opcodes Expanding Opcodes However, if the designers need 15 three-address instructions, 14 two-address instructions, 31 one-address instructions, and 16 instructions with no address at all, they can use opcodes 0 to 14 as three-address instructions but interpret opcode 15 differently. • Opcode 15 means that the opcode is contained in bits 8 to 15 instead of 12 to 15. Expanding Opcodes Pentium II Instruction Formats SPARC Instruction Formats JVM Instruction Formats


text:
INSIGHT-Gold mine stirs hope and anger in shattered Greece
* Mine becomes cause for anti-austerity movement
* Government says investment will proceed at all costs
* Locals fear for environment, livelihood in tourist hotspot
By Deepa Babington and Lefteris Papadimas
OURANOUPOLI, Greece, Jan 13 (Reuters) - A Canadian quest to mine for gold in the lush forests of northern Greece is testing the government's resolve to prove Europe's most ravaged economy is open again for business.
The Skouries mine on Halkidiki peninsula - a landscape of pristine beaches and rolling hills dotted with olive groves - is among the biggest investments in Greece since it sank into a debt crisis four years ago.
But it has set Greece's desperate need for finance to rebuild the economy against the interests of its vital tourism industry, and aroused anger on the peninsula - site of the famed Mount Athos monasteries - over the environmental cost.
Vancouver-based Eldorado Gold Corp took over the project in 2012, promising to invest $1 billion over the next five years as part of a plan to mine eventually source up to 30 percent of its global gold production in Greece. Yet preliminary work on the mine, which is supposed to open in 2016, has set off months of politicking and protests.
The row has overshadowed what was supposed to be the flagship project of the government's foreign investment drive. It also highlights Greeks' ambivalence about attempts by Prime Minister Antonis Samaras to kindle industrial growth in an economy that has traditionally relied on tourism and services. Continued...


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text:
Californias persistently overcrowded jails are facing additional challenges now that public safety realignment has shifted many lower-level offenders from state prisons to county supervision. Jail capacity challenges are prompting a reconsideration of Californias heavy reliance on holding unsentenced defendants in jail pending trialknown as pretrial detention. The legal rationale for pretrial detention is to ensure court appearances and preserve public safety. But Californias high rates of pretrial detention have not been associated with lower rates of failure to appear or lower levels of felony rearrests. This report concludes that pretrial services programsif properly implemented and embraced by the courts, probation, and the jailscould address jail overcrowding and improve the efficiency, equitability, and transparency of pretrial release decision making.
Overcrowding has long been a problem for many California jails. For more than a decade, a number of counties have operated facilities under court orders that mandate the release of inmates at specified population thresholds (Lawrence 2014; Welsh 1995). At last count, 39 jail facilities in 19 counties were operating under such population caps (Martin and Lofstrom 2014). These caps have compelled the monthly release of thousands of inmates who would otherwise have remained in custody (Figure 1).
The potential of pretrial release programs to relieve jail population pressures becomes apparent when we examine jail populations more closely. The most recently available data show that as of September of 2014, roughly 50,000or 62 percentof beds were filled with inmates awaiting trial or sentencing (Figure 2).1 Moreover, the need for jail space for sentenced inmates has been growing since 2012, after the state implemented corrections realignment.
Given that unsentenced inmates make up such a large share of the jail population, the appeal of programs to improve the management of pretrial detention space is readily apparent.2 Before we consider how county pretrial services programsmost of which have been implemented since realignmentcould improve pretrial release decision making, we need to look at the way these decisions are made with and without pretrial services programs.
In California, the sequence of events following an arrest depends on the severity of the arrest offense and on local policy and practice. Generally, for minor offenses, law enforcement has the discretion to cite and release an arrestee in lieu of taking that person into custody. By signing the citation, the arrestee is promising to appear in court at a specified time and place. Law enforcement usually transports arrestees suspected of committing more serious offenses to the local jail for bookingbut local policies, practices, and court orders grant jail officials discretion to book and release some lower-level arrestees on signed promises to appear in court.3
If a suspect is not released after booking, he or she may be eligible for release by posting bail.4 Alternatively, at a defendants first court appearance, generally within 48 hours of arrest, the judge may grant a recognizance release, which is a no-bail release requiring a signed promise to appear, or similarly a conditional release, which is a recognizance release with the imposition of added conditions such as electronic monitoring.5 The judge may also adjust the bail amount.6 If the judge does not grant a recognizance release or conditional release, the defendant is returned to custody and retains the right to post bail. Nearly all who secure financial releases in California do so through bail bonds. In the rest of the nation, deposit bonds and, to a lesser extent, full cash bonds are more common.7
Pretrial services programs have two major roles: to collect and present information that will assist the court in making pretrial release decisions and to provide monitoring and supervisory services for released defendants.8 The use of these programs and the program models employed vary widely across the state; some countiessuch as Santa Cruz, Santa Clara, and San Franciscohave longstanding pretrial services programs, while other counties have implemented or reestablished programs in the wake of realignment (see Technical Appendix A). Counties vary in the extent to which their programs align with national standards (ABA 2007).
Pretrial services programs have two major roles: to collect and present information that will assist the court in making pretrial release decisions and to provide monitoring and supervisory services for released defendants.For example, some counties have yet to implement the supervision component of these programs. Counties also differ in the information they provide to the courts, but in most instances that information includes the results of objective risk assessments. Finally, counties differ in the extent to which courts have embraced the principles and goals of pretrial services programs.
Pretrial services programs begin by conducting a risk assessment prior to a defendants first court appearance.9 In general, statistically or actuarially based tools are used to assess the probability of pretrial misconductnamely, failure to appear in court and/or new criminal activity. These tools generate risk scores based on a set of factors that have the strongest empirically demonstrated relationship to pretrial misconduct. For example, the Ohio Risk Assessment Systems Pretrial Assessment Tool includes risk factors such as age at first arrest, number of prior failure-to-appear warrants and jail incarcerations, employment at the time of arrest, residential stability, illegal drug use in the previous six months, and severe drug use problems (LaTessa et al. 2009). The consensus among researchers is that these tools produce risk scores that are more consistent and more accurate than unaided professional judgment (Mossman 2010; Andrews et al. 2006; Ægisdottir et al. 2006).
A core principle of pretrial services programs is that defendants should be released under the least restrictive conditions that will reasonably ensure court appearance and public safety, and that supervision and compliance monitoring should be responsive to the defendants assessed risk (ABA 2007). Pretrial services agencies may recommend and provide a range of services and supervision options to mitigate pretrial risks, including court date reminders to reduce failures to appear in court; referrals to drug, alcohol, or mental health services; phone or in-person check-ins; or electronic monitoring services (Pretrial Justice Institute 2009; Clark and Henry 2003).10 Regardless of the recommendation made by the pretrial service program, the court is ultimately responsible for imposing conditions of release.
In the absence of pretrial services programs, judges in California assess defendant risk based on their professional judgement. As prescribed by law, when making pretrial release decisions, judges consider the safety of the public, the victim, and the victims family, as well as the seriousness of the offense, the defendants criminal record, and the probability that the defendant will appear in court.11 However, the law provides no mechanism for systematically weighing these factors, nor any requirement of consistency in their use among judges.12 In the absence of pretrial supervision options, judges also have limited ability to assign pretrial release conditions that mitigate risk. This may have contributed to high pretrial detention rates prior to the recent implementation of many pretrial services programs.
From 2000 to 2009 (the latest comprehensive data available for felony cases), Californias large urban counties relied on pretrial detention to a much greater extent than did large urban counties elsewhere in the United States (Figure 3).13 The share of felony defendants for whom bail is denied in California is similar to the share in the rest of the United States.14 Part of the difference in detention rates may be attributed to Californias higher bail amounts. The median bail amount in California ($50,000) is more than five times the median amount in the rest of the nation (less than $10,000).15 Research has demonstrated that pretrial release rates generally decline as bail amounts increase (Cohen and Reaves 2007).
Also contributing to Californias relatively high pretrial detention is the prevalence of defendants on probation or parole, with prior convictions, and with prior failures to appear. However, even after differences in demographics and criminal history are accounted for, California still detains defendants at a significantly higher rate than the rest of the United States.16 Despite these relatively high rates of pretrial detention, Californias rates of failure to appear and nonviolent felony rearrest are no lower than rates in the rest of the United States (Table 1). In fact, California has higher rates of multiple failures to appear in court, especially for those who secure nonfinancial releases.17
Pretrial misconduct is particularly high among defendants charged with felony drug offenses (Table 2). Now that Proposition 47 has downgraded some non-serious, non-violent drug possession and property crimes to misdemeanors, Californias rates of felony rearrests and failure to appear in court on felony charges may decrease. However, if law enforcement simply cites and releases suspects for Proposition 47 offenses, pretrial misconduct such as rearrests or recitations are likely to follow, as are high rates of failures to appear in these misdemeanor cases.
Given that the legal rationale for pretrial detention is to ensure court appearances and preserve public safety, the data presented here indicate that California may not be getting a good return on the high levels of pretrial detention it has maintained. Californias pretrial practices are associated with lower rates of rearrests for violent felonies, but this result may have been achieved at the cost of detaining many defendants who might have safely been released under some form of pretrial supervision. Moreover, as critics of the bail system have long argued, releasing defendants based on their ability to post bail is both inequitable and unnecessarily risky: defendants with financial resources can purchase release even if there is a high risk that they will engage in pretrial misconduct, while low-risk defendants who are poor may be needlessly held in jail.
Californias recently passed Proposition 47, which downgraded some non-serious, non-violent drug possession and property crimes to misdemeanors, has eased some of the states jail overcrowding issues in the short term.18 But counties will probably need a range of options, including pretrial services programs, to overcome long-term jail capacity challenges.19 Because these programs rely on detention only for those defendants who pose the highest risk of pretrial misconduct, using other supervision strategies for those posing a lower risk, they offer a promising approach to handling the states high levels of pretrial detainees.
Pretrial services programs also have the potential to make pretrial decision making more transparent, efficient, and equitable. Without these programs, the chance of a defendant being released from jail while awaiting trial depends on a number of factors, including jail capacity, the financial means to secure bail, and the discretion of multiple actors in the criminal justice system. Because these factors are not related to individual risk in a manner that lends itself to measurement and improvement, relying on them to handle pretrial populations may not be the most effective management strategy.
The approach taken by pretrial services programs focuses pretrial decision making squarely on risk of pretrial misconduct and lends itself to measurement and improvement. If properly implemented, risk assessment tools yield systematic, objective, and consistent measures of risk. Because the underlying algorithms of these programs are open to examination, they also represent a more transparent alternative to Californias traditional approach to pretrial decision making. If the principles and objectives of these programs can be agreed upon system wide, they offer counties an opportunity to better manage pretrial populations while also reinforcing the integrity of their local justice systems.
Administrative Office of the Courts. 2013. Bail and Own-Recognizance Release, California Judges Benchguides, Benchguide 55.
Ægisdottir, Stefania., et al. 2006. "The meta-analysis of Clinical Judgement Project: Fifty-six Years of Accumulated Research on Clinical versus Statistical Prediction. Counseling Psychologist 34: 34182.
American Bar Association. 2007. ABA Standards for Criminal Justice Pretrial Release, 3rd edition. Washington, DC.
Andrews, D. A., James Bonta, and J. Stephen Wormith. 2006. "The Recent Past and Near Future of Risk and or Need Assessment. Crime & Delinquency 52 (1).
Clark, John, and D. Alan Henry. 2003. Pretrial Services Programming at the Start of the 21st Century A Survey of Pretrial Services Programs, U.S. Department of Justice Office of Justice Programs Bureau of Justice Assistance.
Crime and Justice Institute. 2014. Monterey County, California, Pretrial Justice System Assessment, Crime and Justice Institute, June 16.
Cohen, T. H., and B. A. Reaves. 2007. Pretrial Release of Felony Defendants in State Courts. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs.
Danford, Kristy Pierce, and Meghan Guevara. 2013. Creating An Effective Pretrial Program a Toolkit for Practitioner, Crime and Justice Institute, July 2013.
Latessa, Edward, Paula Smith, Richard Lemke, Matthew Makarios, Christopher Lowenkamp. 2009. Creation and Validation of the Ohio Risk Assessment System. Final Report. University of Cincinnati School of Criminal Justice Center for Criminal Justice Research.
Lawrence, Sarah. 2014. Court-Ordered Population Caps in California County Jails, Stanford Criminal Justice Center, Stanford Law School.
Martin, Brandon, and Magnus Lofstrom. 2014. Key Factors in Californias Jail Construction Needs. Public Policy Institute of California.
Martin, Brandon, and Ryken Grattet. 2015. Alternatives to Incarceration in California. Public Policy Institute of California.
Mossman, Douglas. 2010. "Understanding Risk Assessment Instruments. In The American Psychiatric Publishing Textbook of Forensic Psychiatry, ed. Simon and Gold. Washington: American Psychiatric Publishing, Inc.
National Association of Pretrial Services Agencies. 2004. Standards on Pretrial Release, 3rd edition. October 2004.
Partnership for Community Excellence. 2012. Pretrial Detention and Community Supervision Best Practices and Resources for California Counties.
Phillips, Mary T. 2012. A Decade of Bail Research in New York City. New York City Criminal Justice Agency, Inc.
Pretrial Justice Institute. 2009. Pretrial Justice in America: A Survey of County Pretrial Release Policies, Practices and Outcomes. Pretrial Justice Institute.
U.S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics. State Court Processing Statistics, 1990-2009; Felony Defendants in Large Urban Counties [Computer file]. Conducted by Pretrial Justice Institute [producer] ICPSR2038-v5. Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor].
State of California, Board of State and Community Corrections, Jail Profile Survey Second Quarter Calendar Year 2014 Survey Results.
VanNostrand, Marie, and Christopher T. Lowenkamp. 2013. Assessing Pretrial Risk without a Defendant Interview. Laura and John Arnold Foundation.
VanNostrand, Marie, Kenneth J. Rose, and Kimberly Weibrecht. 2011. "The State of the Science of Pretrial Release Recommendations and Supervision. Pretrial Justice Institute.
Welsh, Wayne. 1995. Counties in Court, Jail Overcrowding and Court Ordered Reform, Temple University Press, 1st edition.
The author gratefully acknowledges the thoughtful reviews of Judge Richard Couzens (Ret.), Thomas Cohen, Jacob Jackson, and Ryken Grattet. Any errors in this work are my own.