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Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society
versão impressa ISSN 0103-5053
versão On-line ISSN 1678-4790
J. Braz. Chem. Soc. v.16 n.3a São Paulo maio/jun. 2005
The role of intramolecular hydrogen bonding in the electrochemical behavior of hydroxy-quinones and in semiquinone stability
Carlos Frontana; Ignacio González*
Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Departamento de Química, Apartado postal 55-534, 09340 México D.F., México
The study of a selected group of a and b-hydroxyquinones ([a] 2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone 2HNQ, [b] 5-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone 5HNQ and [b, b]5,8-dihydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone DHNQ) showed that both type of functionalities differ considerably in terms of electrochemical and chemical reactivity, and these differences are also manifest even upon comparison between compounds of the same group. The results proved that the energy needed to electrochemically reduce the studied hydroxyquinones is related both to the stability of intramolecular hydrogen bonds (IHBs) and coupled chemical reactions occurring during their electrochemical reduction such as self-protonation sequences in 2HNQ. The analysis of the electron transfer kinetics associated with the monoelectronic reductions occurring for 5HNQ and DHNQ showed that IHB effects do not affect the kinetics of the first reduction process, but induce great changes in the second electron transfer kinetics. This suggests that semiquinone species are chemically different for the studied compounds, as was corroborated by the analysis of the electronic structure of semiquinone species by ESR spectroscopy. This analysis seems to be related to the loss of symmetry in the electrogenerated radical and induces a lower rate ks value for the second reduction transfer of 5HNQ, compared with DHNQ.
Keywords: quinones, semiquinone, intramolecular hydrogen bond, self protonation, cyclic voltammetry, ESR
O estudo de um grupo selecionado de a e b-hidroxiquinonas ([a] 2-hidroxi-1,4-naftoquinona 2HNQ, [b] 5-hidroxi-1,4-naftoquinona 5HNQ and [b, b]5,8-dihidroxi-1,4-naftoquinona DHNQ) mostrou que ambos os tipos de funcionalidades diferem consideravelmente em termos de reatividade eletroquímica e química, e que essas diferenças também se manifestam na comparação de compostos do mesmo grupo. Os resultados provaram que a energia necessária para reduzir eletroquimicamente as hidroxoquinonas estudadas está relacionada com a estabilidade intramolecular das ligações de hidrogênio (IHBs) e com as reações de acoplamento que ocorrem durante a redução eletroquímica, tal como a seqüência de auto-protonação em 2HNQ. A análise da cinética de transferência de elétron associada com a redução monoeletronica que ocorre para 5HNQ e DHNQ mostraram que os efeitos IHB não afetam a cinética do primeiro processo de redução, mas induzem a grandes mudanças na cinética de segunda transferência eletrônica. Isso sugere que as semiquinonas são quimicamente diferentes dos compostos estudados, o que foi comprovado pela análise da estrutura eletrônica das semiquinonas por espectroscopia ESR. Essa análise parece relacionada com a perda de simetria no radical gerado eletronicamente e induz a valores ks de menor velocidade para a segunda redução de transferência de 5HNQ, comparada com DHNQ.
The hydrogen bond is a commonly found interaction in the study of several biological systems of importance.1 This electrostatic bond has been described as capable of sustaining the stabilization of supramolecular structures, such as DNA or the primary structure of proteins. It also can be of importance in molecular recognition between agonist or antagonist compounds and its proper cellular membrane receptors.2
Although most systems present this interaction as an intermolecular bond, there are also many cases in which the hydrogen bond occurs between different parts of the same molecule. The case of hydroxyquinones is one of great importance, since many of these compounds occur in large amounts in many vegetal species of well known biological activity.3,4 Two main varieties can occur in the nature, both involving different types of hydrogen bond interactions (Figure 1): the a-hydroxy systems, in which the hydrogen bond forms a five-membered ring via the interaction between the oxygen atom of one of the carbonyl-quinonoid groups and another hydroxyl function supported by the a-carbon atom to the mentioned carbonyl function.4 b-hydroxyquinones can present hydrogen bonding via the b-carbon to the carbonyl function leading to a six- membered ring structure (Figure 1); the hydroxyl group involved in these structures is usually part of a phenolic function.5,6
When electron transfer reactions occur, the acidity level of both hydroxy functionalities must be taken in account in front of the stability of the formed semiquinone / dianion intermediaries. These last species are related to the reactivity that hydroxyquinone compounds, as it has been reported in many biological essays, particularly in oxygen-quinone interaction studies.6 A comparative study of both type of hydroxy substituted quinones is necessary, since some interpretations encountered in the literature tend to use indistinctly both type of compounds to account for equivalent behaviors.6,7
The present study is developed in an effort to emphasize the differences in reactivity between a and b-hydroxyquinone moieties, on the basis of the analysis of the energies of transformation and charge transfer kinetics, determined from cyclic voltammetry experiments of representative compounds in aprotic conditions. The employment of ESR measurement simultaneous to the electrochemical reduction allowed also to obtain structural data from the intermediate semiquinone estructures, and was correlated with the electrochemical data. This strategy has proven to be very useful in the characterization of hydrogen bonding effects in semiquinone species.8
1,4-naphthoquinone (NQ, Figure 2) (Aldrich 98%, A. R. grade), was resublimed previous to its use. 2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone 2HNQ (Aldrich 98% A. R. grade), 5-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone 5HNQ (Aldrich 98% A. R. grade), 5,8-dihydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone DHNQ (Aldrich 90%, tech. grade), were used without further purification.
Solvent and supporting electrolyte
Anhydrous Acetonitrile (CH3CN, Aldrich 98%) was dried overnight with P2O5, and distilled prior to use. The distillate was received over oven-activated 3 Å molecular sieve (Merck) and kept in a desiccator. The method is useful to obtain dry acetonitrile, characterized by the absence of OH bands in IR spectra. Tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate (Fluka Chemika, Electrochemical grade, Et4NBF4) was used as a supporting electrolyte. The salt was dried the night before use at 90 ºC and 0.1 mol L-1 solutions were prepared and used as the supporting electrolyte.
Electrodes, apparatus and instrumentation
Cyclic voltammetry was performed with an AUTOLAB PGSTAT 30 potentiostat/galvanostat. IR Drop correction was applied during all the experiments, using Ru values (82 Ohms) obtained with the positive feedback technique. A conventional three electrode cell was used to carry out these experiments, employing as the working electrode a platinum microelectrode (BAS, Surface: 0.025 cm2), polished using 0.05 µm alumina (Büehler), sonicated in distilled water for 10 minutes and acetone rinsed prior to its use. A platinum mesh was used as counterelectrode (Surface: 0.6 cm2). The potential values were obtained against the reference (BAS) of Ag/0.01 mol L-1 AgNO3 + 0.1 mol L-1 tetrabutylammonium perchlorate (TBAP) in acetonitrile, separated from the medium by a Vycor membrane. Ep values are reported versus the ferricinium/ferrocene couple (Fc+/Fc), according to the IUPAC recommendation.9 The potential of the Fc+/Fc couple against this reference electrode was 0.25 V. Solutions of quinones were prepared by dissolving the desired compound with 0.1 mol L-1 Et4NBF4 (NQ: 5.1 X 10-3 mol L-1; 2HNQ: 2.8 X 10-3 mol L-1; 5HNQ: 6.3 x 10-3 mol L-1; DHNQ: 5.7 x 10-3 mol L-1). The solution was deoxygenated for 30 minutes and the cell was kept under a nitrogen atmosphere (grade 5, Praxair) throughout the experiment.
The ks values were obtained by the Nicholson method, referred by Rosanske and Evans, employing digital simulations to reproduce the experimental DEp differences for different values of ks as referred by Rosanske and Evans,10 until the mean errors are lower than 3%. The employed diffusion coefficient was 1.9 x 10-5 cm2 s-1 for 1, 4-naphthoquinone, obtained by chronoamperometric plots.
EC-ESR spectroscopy experiments
ESR spectra were recorded in the X band (9.85 GHz) using a Jeol FA-300 instrument with a cylindrical cavity. A commercially available spectroelectrochemical cell (Wilmad) was used, employing as the working electrode a 0.02 mm platinum wire (3.1 cm2), introduced in the flat path of the cell. Another platinum wire was used as counter electrode (2.5 cm2). The reference of Ag/0.01 mol L-1 AgNO3 + 0.1 mol L-1 TBAP in acetonitrile (BAS) was employed as the reference electrode. Potential sweep control was performed with a 100 B/W Voltammetric Analyzer of Bioanalytical Systems (BAS) interfaced with a personal computer.
It is important to note that under the experimental conditions, the thin layer EC-ESR cell can have some problems on potential control in the desired region.11 To minimize this problem, low scan rates were used, leading to good measurements. The technique proved to be fairly suitable, as the stable benzoquinone radical anion structure is obtained, and its appearance corresponds exactly to that reported in the literature.12 Positive feedback is also performed during these experiments, Ru values are 350 Ohms, higher than in typical voltammetric experiments (82 Ohms). This occurs since the electrode arrangement is different in the EC-ESR from that used in the electroanalysis cell.
Solutions of quinones were prepared by dissolving the desired compound with 0.1 mol L-1 Et4NBF4 (NQ: 5 x 104 mol L 1; 2HNQ: 1 x 10-3 mol L-1; 5HNQ: 1.1 X 10-3 mol L-1; DHNQ: 1.2 x 10-3 mol L-1). The solutions were deoxygenated for 30 minutes and the cell was kept under a nitrogen atmosphere (grade 5, Praxair) throughout the experiment.
ESR simulations
PEST WinSim free software Version 0.96 (National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences) was used to perform simulation of the ESR experimental spectra, from the measured hyperfine coupling constant values (a). This program was also useful to evaluate a values when a direct measurement would be difficult in the conditions where the spectra acquisition was performed.
Cyclic voltammetry simulations
Bioanalytical Systems (BAS) Digisim 3.03 was employed to perform simulations of electrochemical mechanisms.
Results and Discussion
Acidity level of the OH functionality and the electrochemical behavior
Typical cyclic voltammograms for compounds 2HNQ, 5HNQ and DHNQ are depicted in Figure 3 compared to the typical NQ voltammetric response.
Two reversible pairs of peaks are present in the voltammograms of 5HNQ and DHNQ, such as those appearing in NQ (Figures 3A and 3B). This behavior occurs typically for the reduction of quinones in aprotic conditions and is related to the transformation of the quinone into a stable semiquinone (peak Ic). The latter species is reduced at peak IIc into a dianion, being both electron transfer processes reversible under the time scale of the experiments (equations 1 and 2). The electrochemical behavior of 5HNQ and DHNQ indicates that the b-hydroxy group is not acidic enough to protonate the semiquinone or dianion species.
It is noticeable the change in the electrochemical behavior of peak Ic' for 2HNQ, an a-hydroxyquinone, (Figure 3C) from the first reduction signal of NQ. As it has been previously described for a-hydroxyquinones (Q-OH), the first reduction occurs as a 2/3 electron per mole of quinone transfer process,13-15 where self-protonation reactions16 consume the semiquinone formed during the first electron transfer process via ECE/DISP reactions (equations 3-7). This is due to the higher acidity of the enolic a-hydroxy function compared to the b-hydroxy group. Oxidation signals Ia' and IIIa' appearing at more positive potentials in a-hydroxyquinones are therefore related to the oxidation of the intermediates formed during the self-protonation pathway. This fact does not mean that a stable semiquinone cannot be formed. Since one of the products of the self-protonation pathway (equation 7) is the deprotonated original quinone (Q-O) , the second reduction signal IIc' for compound 2HNQ corresponds to the monoelectronic reduction of this intermediate, forming a detectable semiquinone-type radical species,17 at more negative potentials (equation 8).
The presented behavior shows that the reactivity of both types of quinones differs in terms of the acidity level of the hydroxyl groups present. It is important to insist in this fact, since some authors tend to use the same set of general reactions to study compounds where both type of hydroxy functionalities occur.6, 7 This should be considered when more accurate descriptions of the mechanisms involved in the interaction of hydroxyquinones with added bases are proposed.
Intramolecular hydrogen bonding (IHB) effects in the electrochemical behavior
Other important feature of the obtained voltammograms (Figure 3) is the shift in peak potentials for signals Ic, Ic' and IIc presented for each compound to less negative potentials compared with the NQ standard, except for signal IIc' in 2HNQ. These shifts cannot be explained by the electronic inductive effect of the hydroxy functionality, since it should act as an electrodonating substituent. Contrary, the shift direction indicate that the electron density in the quinone function decreases and this effect is associated to the presence of intramolecular hydrogen bonds (IHB) present in each compound.18,19 IHB effects also occur for systems where stable semiquinone species can be formed at the interface (peak IIc, Figures 3A and 3B). The shape of the second wave IIc-IIa in 5HNQ suggests that additional kinetic considerations takes place and will be discussed below.
By using the strengths of the IHBs reported in the literature20 (5.34 and 5.38 kcal mol-1 per single hydrogen bond in 5HNQ and DHNQ respectively), a graphic trend was constructed with the magnitude of the potential shift associated to the first electron transfer compared with NQ (Table 1). The shift for 2HNQ is not considered in the figure since it is not only related to the formation of the hydrogen bond, but also to the presence of the self-protonation pathway. The trend of Figure 4 increases in an exponential fashion and from this curve it is possible to estimate the shift in potential expected in 2HNQ by interpolation of its corresponding IHB strength, without the presence of self-protonation reactions, determining an IHB shift of nearly 0.1 V.
The remaining experimental shift in peak potential between 2HNQ and NQ is expected to be related to the self-protonation pathway. During the continuous potential sweep, 2HNQ is being consumed both by reduction and during the self-protonation steps (see equations 4 and 6) and the maximum concentration gradient is attained at less negative potentials that those expected for a monoelectronic reduction step, giving rise to the shift of the peak potential. This can be simply demonstrated by using cyclic voltammetry simulations considering reactions 4 and 6 fast enough so they consume quickly the formed semiquinone and the dianion (Figure 5).
During the simulation process it was possible to obtain a shift in potential between NQ and 2HNQ of nearly 0.07 V using a self-protonation set of reactions. It should be stated that the overall procedure would give more accurate values if more scan rates are used to simulate the resulting voltammograms. For the purpose of this work, the above strategy shows that the experimental peak potential shift in 2HNQ with respect to NQ (0.17 V) is both caused by self-protonation (approximately 0.07 V) and IHB effects (0.1 V).
Electrochemical experiments are therefore proven to be useful in the characterizations of the energetics of the reduction processes in quinones both considering IHB effects and self-protonation reactions.
Intramolecular hydrogen bonding (IHB) effects in the stability of the semiquinone in b-hydroxyquinones
For the following discussions, only 5HNQ and DHNQ are considered, since stable semiquinone structures can be formed in the interface after the first electron transfer. Since semiquinone species can interact between them by disproportionation reactions (equation 9), it is possible to determine the disproportionation constants (Kdisp) from half-wave potential separations, as is referred in the literature.21 The sequence of disproportionation equilibrium constant values is DHNQ> 5DHNQ> NQ (Table 1).
This indicates that hydrogen bonding also diminishes the "chemical resistance" to the formed semiquinone, since the amount of disproportionation of the radicals of NQ is lower than those for 5HNQ and DHNQ. Furthermore, it is remarkable to note that this stability decreases slightly as the number of hydrogen bonds present in the structure increases.
It can therefore be proposed that disproportionation constants determined by electrochemical experiments provide a first insight of the stability of the radical species. However, kinetic data is also needed to indicate trends in the lability of the semiquinones and are discussed in the next sections.
It is interesting to note that even when an stable semiquinone signal can be obtained upon reduction of 2HNQ at potentials more negative than peak IIc', no further signals are detected, since reduction of the electrochemical medium employed occurs first. Therefore, with this radical is not possible to perform a similar analysis as with the previous quinones and its behavior will not be discussed furthermore in this study.
Intramolecular hydrogen bonding (IHB) effects in the rate of the electron transfer in b-hydroxyquinones
Changes in shape for the voltammetric couples Ic-Ia and IIc-IIa (Figures 3A and 3B) are indicative of the presence of kinetic complications in 5HNQ and DHNQ. The shape of couples IIc-IIa shows more noticeable changes. The difference of the peak potential between peaks Ic and Ia (DEpIc-Ia) and IIc and IIa (DEpIIc-IIa) increases with the scan rate (Figures 6 and 7, respectively), indicating limitations by the rate of the corresponding electron transfer process in the compounds studied.23 Since the peak current of first electron transfer for 5HNQ and DHNQ is comparable with that of NQ (Figures 3A and 3B), it may be presumed that diffusion coefficient values of the three compounds are nearly of the same value. Therefore, the differences observed in Figures 6 and 7 are directly associated with different apparent rate constant of electron transfer ks and were evaluated by the method described in the literature (Table 2).22, 23 In this context, ks values are in the sequence NQH~5HNQ<DHNQ for peak couple Ic-Ia, while the ks value sequence for peak couple IIc-IIa differs (Figure 7), and is in the sequence 5HNQ<<NQ<DHNQ. These behaviors indicate that although the thermodynamics of the system is directly affected by hydrogen bonding effects, as was described earlier (Figure 4), the kinetics of electron transfer of both reduction processes does not show a simple trend with IHB magnitudes. These effects indicate that new chemical interactions via IHB occur in the semiquinone intermediates and are responsible for the changes of the rate transfer values.
Electronic structure of the semiquinone by ESR spectroscopy
In order to provide some information on how does the properties of this intermediate change with the hydrogen bond structure, ESR-electrochemical experiments were performed in the region of potential between peak Ic and IIc.
ESR spectra reveal a quite distinctive coupling structure for the studied compounds (Figure 8). For 5HNQ (Figure 8B), the ESR spectrum structure is similar to the one obtained for NQ (Figure 8A), as it is seen the appearance of a triplet main coupling, arising from interactions of the added electron with H-2 and H-3 atoms (Figure 2). However, hyperfine splitting constants differ for both quinones (NQ: aH2=aH3 0.318 mT; 5HNQ: aH2»aH3: 0.3592 mT, Table 2), indicating changes in spin densities for the same type of protons,8, 24 and shows that electron density is higher in 5HNQ than in NQ. The presence of IHB interactions also induces a higher degree of delocalization of the added electron between the two rings (NQ: aH5-8 0.0463 mT, 5HNQ: aH6-8 0.0534 mT, Table 2). The a value for the hyperfine coupling constant with the proton at the OH moiety cannot be obtained from the analysis, but the influence that exerts in the electronic structure can be seen from comparison between NQ and 5HNQ spectra, as the triplet signal is not completely fulfilled in the latter compound and unavoids a proper fitting of the spectrum (Figure 8B).
The case of DHNQ is completely different, as the ESR spectrum obtained differs from the triplet signal of NQ (Figures 8A and 8C). The obtained spectrum consists of a doubleted quintet, indicating that in this system two hyperfine coupling constants occur: aH2 = aH3 = aH6 = aH7 = 0.24 mT; and aH1,8 (hydrogen bonded between O-1 and O-8) = aH4,5 (hydrogen bonded between O-4 and O-5) = 0.05 mT, Table 2. This pair of values is in perfect agreement with those previously reported for this compound in THF,8 and indicates the high symmetry of the system in terms of electron delocalization, differing from the case of compound 5HNQ.
Relationships between ESR data and electrochemical response
ESR results can be related to the electrochemical response, since electron density differs in both compounds. Since for all the compounds studied, with and without hydrogen bonding effects, the first electron transfer (Ic-Ia) occurs at almost the same rate, it can be stated that the electron transfer kinetics of the mentioned process are little affected by IHB effects. The small variation occurring for DHNQ is associated to differences in electron delocalization compared with 5HNQ (see above text).
Since the presence of the hydrogen atom at the b-hydroxy moiety modifies the shape of the ESR spectrum, some changes are expected to be occurring in the chemical properties of the corresponding semiquinones. By the look of the shape of system IIc-IIa for 5HNQ (Figure 3A), it is possible to propose that a change in the transfer coefficient may be occurring related to the lost of symmetry in the b-monohydroxysemiquinone, determined to be nearly 0.35. Also, a lower value of ks compared to that obtained for the reduction of 1,4-naphthosemiquinone occurs (Table 2). ESR data for DHNQ indicates that the delocalization of charge occurs in a more effective way than in NQ radical, but also in a symmetrical pattern. This effect explains that both electron transfer rate constants for DHNQ are little higher than the corresponding for NQ.
Therefore, during the uptake of one electron in the hydroxyquinone structure, IHB induces changes in the delocalization patterns for the semiquinone structures and changes the rates of electron transfer kinetics. Since in these nuclear rearrangement processes, solvent or ion electrolyte interactions are of importance, they are being currently studied by quantum chemical calculations.
The study of a selected group of a and b-hydroxyquinones ([a] 2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone 2HNQ, [b] 5-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone 5HNQ and [b, b]5,8-dihydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone DHNQ) showed that both type of functionalities differ considerably in terms of electrochemical and chemical reactivity, and these differences are also manifest even upon comparison between compounds of the same group. The results proved that the energy needed to electrochemically reduce the studied hydroxyquinones, in terms of reduction peak potential, is related both to the formation and stability of intramolecular hydrogen bonds (IHBs), and coupled reactions occurring during their electrochemical reduction such as self-protonation sequences in 2HNQ. The analysis of the electron transfer kinetics associated with the monoelectronic reductions occurring for 5HNQ and DHNQ showed that IHB effects do not affect the kinetics of the first reduction process, but induce great changes in the second electron transfer kinetics. This suggests that semiquinone species are chemically different for the studied compounds, as was corroborated by the analysis of the electronic structure of semiquinone species by ESR spectroscopy. This analysis seems to be related to the loss of symmetry in the electrogenerated radical and induces a lower rate ks value for the second reduction transfer of 5HNQ, compared with DHNQ.
The authors kindly thank Dr. Bernardo A. Frontana-Uribe and Ms. Sc. Virginia Gómez (I.Q.-UNAM, México), for their technical assistance in the electrochemical and ESR experimental manipulations. C. Frontana thanks CONACyT-Mexico and SNI for the scholarship granted.
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Received: October 29, 2004
Published on the web: April 12, 2005
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text:
What to see and do in Nelligen
The picturesque, historic village of Nelligen is a real retreat - a peaceful little village set along the banks of the pristine Clyde River. The soothing tranquillity of the river is matched by the silence of the surrounding forest. Nelligen's once bustling streets are now quiet and serene.
The Clyde River is an angler's dreamland. Bream, flathead and jewfish are popular catches and the river is famous for its succulent Clyde River oysters. Getting out on the water goes hand in hand with a visit to Nelligen, whether that's casting a line, kayaking, swimming or just a fun day boating.
Nearby national parks and state forests showcase the magnificent beauty of this region and offer plenty of walking trails - some taking in deep rainforest valleys, tree-lined foreshores or high mountain ridges. Serious bushwalkers might like to follow the route of early settlers for trading and explore the challenging Corn Trail that traverses some demanding terrain of the Monga National Park.
Strolling through Nelligen's tranquil streets offers you the chance to experience some of Nelligen's interesting history. You can still find reminders of the pioneer times and the gold rush that briefly visited the region. The charming little pub is the perfect spot to have a cold one and relax or have a tasty, hearty meal.
Nelligen has long been a favoured destination for houseboats for weekend getaways or longer term escapes where you are the master and commander on the tranquil Clyde River. Ashore there are quaint bed & breakfasts, great camping, cabins and self-contained waterfront units. From some, casting a fishing line can be achieved from the comfort of your balcony.
Download a Nelligen town map
|Nelligen village

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text: Thom Gossom Jr. Walk-On: My Reluctant Journey to Integration at Auburn University, by Thom Gossom, Jr. By Don Noble • Dec 8, 2008 The author's face on the dust jacket of this memoir will be familiar to many. Thom Gossom has had a long and successful acting career in movies such as Fight Club and on television as city councilman Ted Marcus in In the Heat of the Night and as Judge Blake Winters in Boston Legal. He has had guest starring roles on CSI, Cold Case, Without a Trace, The West Wing, NYPD Blue, and ER. By Don Noble


text:
Ben Van Houten
DNA Damage and Repair. 2 vols. DNA Repair in Prokaryotes and Lower Eukaryotes; DNA Repair in Higher Eukaryotes. Jac Nickoloff and Merl Hoekstra, eds. 626 and 672 pp. Humana Press, 1998. $250 (set).
The capacity to blunder slightly is the real marvel of DNA. Without this special attribute, we would still be anaerobic bacteria, and there would be no music.
—Lewis Thomas, The Medusa & the Snail
—Lewis Thomas, The Medusa & the Snail
The symphony of life is genetically scored as a long sequence of bases in DNA. As life evolved on earth it had to cope with environmental chemicals and physical agents that can directly damage DNA. All organisms studied to date have a series of complex protein machines that survey the strands of DNA, identifying and removing damaged or mispaired bases. The wonder and beauty of life is that DNA repair is precise enough to allow complex organisms to function normally yet accept a low level of mistakes that permits natural selection and evolution.
The concept of DNA repair was developed almost simultaneously with the Watson and Crick structure of DNA, as the one strand serves as information for fixing the other. However, it was not until the late 1980s and early '90s that molecular biologists found DNA repair to be intimately linked to other DNA transactions in the cell, such as DNA replication and transcription. In 1994 the journal Science, in recognition of the growing interest in DNA repair and its impact on a large number of diseases, voted the family of proteins that mediate DNA repair as the molecules of the year. It was during a meeting of the same year that Jac A. Nickoloff and Merl F. Hoekstra, editors of DNA Damage and Repair, began to plan a comprehensive review of the field. The following year, the wonderful second edition of Errol Friedberg, Graham Walker and Wofram Seide's DNA Repair and Mutagenesis, the only textbook on the subject, appeared.
As the editors of this new work pose in their preface, why write another book on DNA repair? The intricate details of the molecular biology of DNA repair are rapidly evolving, and it was the goal of this two-volume set to allow the specialist and others to have a thorough understanding of how DNA damage arises and of the nature of the proteins that fix the damage. DNA Damage and Repair is organized into one volume dedicated to prokaryotes and lower eukaryotes (I'm not sure if frogs would agree with this designation) and a second volume for higher eukaryotes. The editors have enlisted a legion of experts to contribute 51 chapters. The set is introduced by one of the founders of the field of DNA repair, Phil Hanawalt, who in 1979, in the span of only 53 pages, was able to cover the entire field in Annual Reviews of Biochemistry. So what has happened to the field of DNA in the past 20 years that warrants more than 1,200 pages?
There have been four major advances that have led to this treasure trove of information. First, the Herculean task of identifying, purifying and characterizing each gene product responsible for each step in the pathway has culminated in the in vitro biochemical reconstruction of several repair processes found in bacteria, yeast and human beings. This crowning achievement is truly one of the marvels of modern molecular biology and is well documented in these two volumes. Second, studies of human patients and knock-out mice defective in specific steps in repair have shown that alterations in specific repair systems can lead to various diseases including cancer, neurodegeneration and premature-aging syndromes. This too is nicely covered. A third emerging field, which the editors apologize in the preface for not detailing sufficiently, is the use of nuclear magnetic resonance and x-ray diffraction techniques that have lead to an understanding of the three-dimensional structure of DNA damage and the proteins that act on these lesions. A fourth area that is well treated here is the complex cascade of cellular responses to DNA, which include signal-transduction pathways, alterations in gene expression, changes in cell-cycle kinetics and programmed cell death, or apoptosis.
Books on any fast-moving field run the risk of becoming rapidly outdated, but these volumes will serve as an important resource to repair aficionados and novices alike for some time to come. In this regard, it is interesting to note that a colleague of mine and I recently traveled to Japan to visit a number of laboratories working on DNA repair. Although my friend left his English-Japanese dictionary and even his umbrella in the States, he made sure to pack this bulky set to read on the plane and in his free time between lectures, sushi, sake and karaoke.—Ben Van Houten, Sealy Center for Molecular Science, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, and National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
You can find this online at http://www.americanscientist.org/bookshelf/pub/the-fixer
© 2016 Sigma Xi, The Scientific Research Society


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June 26, 2009 — (BRONX, NY) — A variation in a gene that is active in the central nervous system is associated with increased risk for obesity, according to an international study in which Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University played a major role. The research adds to evidence that genes influence appetite and that the brain plays a key role in obesity.
Robert Kaplan, Ph.D.Robert Kaplan, Ph.D., associate professor of epidemiology & population health, helped direct the international study, which involved 34 research institutions and is published online in PLoS Genetics. Dr. Kaplan and his U.S. and European colleagues found that people who have inherited the gene variant NRXN3 have a 10-15 percent increased risk of being obese compared with people who do not have the variant.
The researchers examined data from eight studies involving genes and body weight. These studies included more than 31,000 people of European origin, ages 45 to 76, representing a broad range of dietary habits and health behaviors.
After analyzing more than two million regions of the human genome, the researchers found that the NRXN3 gene variant previously associated with alcohol dependence, cocaine addiction, and illegal substance abuse also predicts the tendency to become obese. Altogether, researchers found the gene variant in 20 percent of the people studied.
"We've known for a long time that obesity is an inherited trait, but specific genes linked to it have been difficult to find," says Dr. Kaplan. "A lot of factors ─ the types and quantity of foods you eat, how much you exercise, and how you metabolize foods, for example ─ affect your body shape and size. So we are looking for genes that may have a small role to play in a complex situation."
NRXN3 is the third obesity-associated gene to be identified. The fact that all three genes are highly active in encoding brain proteins is significant, says Dr. Kaplan. "Considering how many factors are involved in obesity, it is interesting that research is increasingly pointing to the brain as being very important in its development," he said.
Identifying obesity genes could help in preventing the condition and lead to treatments for it. "Someday we may be able to incorporate several obesity genes into a genetic test to identify people at risk of becoming obese and alert them to the need to watch their diet and to exercise," Dr. Kaplan said. "Also, we may eventually see drugs that target the molecular pathways through which obesity genes exert their influence."
Since NRXN3 is active in the brain and also implicated in addiction, these traits may share some neurologic underpinnings. "Although we don't have data to suggest a direct connection between drug abuse and obesity, we can indirectly infer a link because both traits have this gene in common," Dr. Kaplan said.
The paper, "NRXN3 is a Novel Locus for Waist Circumference: A Genome-wide Association Study from the CHARGE Consortium," appears online in PLoS Genetics on June 26.
Other lead collaborators who worked with Dr. Kaplan on the study included Nancy L. Heard-Costa and L. Adrienne Cupples of Boston University; M. Carola Zillikens, Ben A. Oostra and Cornelia M. van Duijn of Erasmus Medical Center; Keri L. Monda and Kari E. North of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill; Asa Johansson of Uppsala University; Tamara B. Harris and Caroline S. Fox of the National Institutes of Health; Mao Fu and Jeffrey R. O'Connell of the University of Maryland; Talin Haritunians of Cedars-Sinai Medical Center; Mary F. Feitosa and Ingrid B. Borecki of Washington University School of Medicine; and Vilmundur Gudnason of the University of Iceland. Drs. Fox and North are the corresponding authors.
Einstein Celebrates Its 59th Commencement
Researchers Discover First Human Antibodies That Work Against All Ebolaviruses
Einstein's Spirit Luncheon Benefits Comprehensive Health Care for Women
Einstein Shares in $2.9 Million Grant to Combat Breast Cancer Metastasis
Former CDC Director Dr. Tom Frieden to Deliver 2017 Commencement Address
Einstein Medical Student Publishes on H-1B Visa Program in JAMA
Einstein's 2017 Stem Cell Symposium Spotlights Epigenetics and Metabolism
Einstein Research Leads to New Drug for Hard-to-Treat Lymphomas
Breakthrough in Detecting Mutations in Genomes of Single Cells
Einstein's Class of 2017 Celebrates Match Day


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|Trad, 2 pitches, 120'
|YDS: 5.12d French: 7c Ewbanks: 28 UIAA: IX ZA: 28 British: E6 6b [details]
|FA(3p): Greg Donaldson, Richard Mathies, 68 FFA(p1 L): Darryl Cramer, Terry Lien FFA(P2 via traverse): Dick Cilley
|Page Views:
|Submitted By:
|Drewsky on Dec 28, 2008
|2017 Seasonal Raptor Closure: UTW from waterfall to Golden Arch MORE INFO >>>
|Comments on Narrow Arrow Overhang
|Add Comment
|Show which comments —
Comments displayed oldest to newest — Skip Ahead to the Most Recent Dated Feb 16, 2017
By blakeherrington
Oct 23, 2012
rating: 5.12- 7a+ 25 VIII+ 25 E5 6a
Ben Gilkison did the FA/FFA - in 2008 and gave a grade of "hard .13a" (someone else agreeing on .13- ). Chris Schlotfelt pulled the pins and cleanly TRed the (formerly C1) section above the second anchor, calling those moves .12d.
From above the full 35m P1, the climbing is just a few meters of 5.8 chimneying with hand cracks to a pedestal ledge. It's easy to reach the anchor between P2 and P3 of NAD, or to step left to the anchor below Salad Fingers.
By Drewsky
Jan 26, 2013
|In light of that, it probably was Ben who got the FA. The bolts have been there for at least ten years and I don't think anyone else has done it. I think Super Dave had worked on it at some point but from what I gathered the roof proved to be a shutdown for taller folks. .12d seems fair; I mean, 5.13 is supposed to be REALLY hard, right? Also, I changed the route description to include the updated FFA info.
By Drewsky
Dec 25, 2013
|I think Ben deleted some of his comments for some reason. Here are some ideas for what he should rename the pitch: Narrow Arrow Indirect. Narrow Arrow Supreme. Narrow Arrow Forever. The Not-so-narrow Arrow. Wolf Moon. The Gilkison Effect. The Gilkison Express. The Salathe of the North. The University Wall of the South. The Best Climb at Index/in the World. Gravity's Shadow. Perseus' Mirror. The Straight and Narrow.
By blakeherrington
Jan 9, 2015
rating: 5.12- 7a+ 25 VIII+ 25 E5 6a
|How about "two V6 boulder problems, separated by a strenuous & crucial gear placement" - it's accurate, but doesn't quite roll off the tongue.
By Drewsky
Jan 10, 2015
2xV6 boulder problems and one thuggy 5.11 start
We'll call this the "Index Grading Proof"
By Jon Nelson
From: Bellingham, WA
Jan 10, 2015
You mean that V6 = Index 11b/c? But if you stack them, doesn't the rating go down? Ben would like that.
About the proposed names, this is for the free version of the entire aid line? How about 'Narrow Arrow Overhang does not care"?
Beautiful line, but I have yet to try it.
By Mike dandy Patz
Jun 21, 2015
rating: 5.13- 7c+ 29 IX+ 29 E7 6c PG13
Stellar FFA by BG! I'd say better and I think quite a bit harder then 10 % extension.
As blake highlighted the two v6 boulder problems are not really "separated" by anything resembling a restful position, but rather are "connected" by a strenuous crucial gear placement in the overhang.
My subjective breakdown of difficulty of sections between rest...
Stage 1: Approach pitch to second anchor = cryptic 5.11 R ---> huge rest
Stage 2= Strenuous V4/5 ---> bad rest in finger lock ---> (V5/6 getting to roof + extremely pumpy gear placement + V6 navigating roof). Last boulder problem is intense.
stage 2 could be reduced to v4 ---> bad rest---> v7/8 highball( from finger-lock rest to hand jam in stance above roof)
Still working on my index math mastery but that comes out to at least 5.11 B ++
By Ben Gilkison
Aug 27, 2015
|If NAO is 12d, then Narrow Arrow Direct is 12a.
By Drewsky
Aug 28, 2015
|NAD is stout .11d, AKA .12c. .12a is a bit easier than .11d and way, way easier than .11b. .12d is about on par with .11b.
By Ol Toby
From: CA
Apr 8, 2016
rating: 5.13- 7c+ 29 IX+ 29 E7 6c
|This line catches your eye right away as the line of strength on the right side. Superb, regardless of the rating! One of the best single pitches I've ever done.
By Stamati
From: Bellingham, WA
Feb 16, 2017
|The arete! Oh my god, the arete!


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The new Series 8 built-in appliances with intuitive control ring - the easy way to perfect results.
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text: No recent wiki edits to this page. Overview Developed and maintained by Terminal Reality, the Infernal Engine has been the game engine powering games on the following current platforms: Playstation 3 Xbox 360 PC It is also scalable to run on:Wii PSP PS2 The Infernal Engine editor can actually emulate all of the platforms for development. Description from the developer"Infernal Engine is the most cross-platform capable, full-featured foundation for building video games. Built from a team of industry veterans at Terminal Reality, a fourteen year independent game developer, Infernal has the features and support you need. Designed to solve today's real game development challenges, Infernal is a unified system, providing superior rendering, physics, sound, AI, and even metrics in a single package. Built from the ground up to optimize the game creation process and to take advantage of today's complex hardware – the Infernal Engine is the best choice for game developers" VELOCITY Physics EngineIncluded in the Infernal Engine and a part of the license is a proprietary physics engine. The developer claims the collision system "maintains thousands of simulating objects on next-gen hardware." It also feature cloth and hair physics simulation. The destruction and physics capabilities were shown off in Ghostbusters: The Video Game; letting players smash objects, throw objects around and wide variety of other physics interactions. External Links Infernal Engine Official Website


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Choirs & Opera Auditions
Choral Ensembles
Concert Choir and Women's Chorus auditions for Fall 2016 will take place on Saturday, August 20 and Sunday, August 21. A sign-up sheet will be posted outside of Dr. Patterson's studio (Thompson House 210) by Monday, August 15.
Students are not asked to sing a prepared solo. The five-minute audition will consist of an assessment of each student's natural vocal quality, ability to match pitch, range, aural awareness of melodic and harmonic patterns, ability to sight-sing, and finish with a brief interview.
Choirs are open to all! We encourage non-music majors (particularly those with prior choral experience) to participate in the Women's Chorus or Concert Choir. For more information, email Dr. Trent Patterson.
Opera Studio
Webster Opera Studio auditions for Fall 2016 will be held on Tuesday, August 23 from 2–6 pm in the Community Music School Concert Hall. A sign-up sheet will be posted on the OPERA BULLETIN BOARD (Thompson Music Building 2nd floor) by Saturday, August 20. If you cannot come at a regular audition time, please contact Alice Nelson (see below) to set up another time.
If you are auditioning for chorus only, you do not need to bring a piece. You will sing some scales and do some simple sight reading.
If you are auditioning for a named role, please bring one piece to sing that shows your vocal range; this can be an aria, song, folk song, hymn, or other. The audition will consist of singing this piece, and sight-singing a short excerpt. An accompanist will be provided.
Opera Studio is open to ALL students at Webster University. Non-music majors are highly encouraged to audition for a solo or chorus position, as are non-voice majors, in addition to voice majors. For more information, email Alice Nelson at email@example.com; or call her at (314) 965-4074.
- Leigh Gerdine College of Fine Arts Home
- Music Home
- How to Apply
- About Music
- Student Resources
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- High School Jazz Ensemble
- Summer Programs
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text:
Daykeeper Journal
Crystal Pomeroy's eloquent and profound new and full moon ceremonies beautifully carry Maya's Daykeeper tradition forward. Crystal's pre-2009 work can be found here and here..
by Crystal Pomeroy on June 16, 2011
This Full Moon Lunar Eclipse portal offers a unique opportunity to bring healing to the darker corners of our lives.
by Crystal Pomeroy on May 31, 2011
Gemini's communication skills unlock our heart's potential.
by Crystal Pomeroy on May 18, 2011
This Scorpio full moon portal is ideal for undoing toxic conditioning.
by Crystal Pomeroy on April 30, 2011
May's New Moon offers the opportunity to take effective, concrete action towards cherished goals.
by Crystal Pomeroy on April 18, 2011
Help Aries' energy overcome Saturnian limits during the spring full moon portal.
by Crystal Pomeroy on March 31, 2011
Revamp your relationships with others, with the powerful energy of this spring's new moon in Aries.
by Crystal Pomeroy on March 19, 2011
This Seed Moon, in close opposition to Uranus in Aries, brings incredible birthing power.
by Crystal Pomeroy on February 28, 2011
The potency of the Pisces new moon adds power to our spiritual aspirations.
by Crystal Pomeroy on February 19, 2011
Help the divine power of kindness flow through your life.
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Bob Burnquist Stands Behind Saving Bro Bowl In Tampa
BY: John Mamola
Last week the state of Florida's historic preservation council notified the city of Tampa that its plan to demolish the historic Bro Bowl located on the western edge of Perry Harvey Sr. Park and rebuild a replica nearby the original location is sufficient. The state however is also encouraging City Hall to "seriously consider" the option of leaving the bowl intact as is per the Tampa Bay Times.
The city of Tampa would like to demolish the area in order to construct a park honoring African-American history in the current location of the Bro Bowl. Some skaters still want Tampa to preserve the original Bro Bowl due to its history.
The bowl was constructed in 1978, and is recognized as one of the only skate parks of its type still standing.
Legendary skateboarder Bob Burnquist joined WDAE's "Ron and Ian Show" and talked about his own recollection of skating at the Tampa Skate Park and the Bro Bowl.
"I love the Tampa skate park," said Burnquist. "They have history and they got roots in skateboarding before the X-Games was the X-Games. I don't like hearing skate park destruction."
When asked if he would throw his support behind the BroBowl.com movement to help preserve the Bro Bowl as is, Burnquist was all in.
"Right now I support saving it I can tell you right now," said Burnquist. "I'm part of that skateboard movement. We got to keep our gems and that's one of them."
Burnquist will be competing in X-Games 20 this weekend in Austin, Texas.


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When Kate ate a giant date, the average weight of the dates decreased. What was the weight of the date that Kate ate?
How many visitors does a tourist attraction need next week in order to break even?
Weekly Problem 34 - 2012
Grandpa made a super-heavy rock cake. Five people have guessed the weight of the cake. Can you work out the weight of his cake?
Victor from St. Pauls School in Brazil, and Alice from the British School in Manila suggested similar arguments for each child:
Child number 1 would argue that they have the smallest correct range.
Child number 2 would argue that 88 is almost exactly in the middle of their range.
Child number 3 would argue that 88 was the first number in their range.
Child number 4 might say that the correct weight is just 2 away from the first number in their range.
Child number 5 could argue that he was the only one to enter a weight, not just guess a range of weights (so in an unfair way, he had the smallest chances of getting it right).
They would choose child 5 as he had by far the smallest chances and even so he almost got it right.
Huw from Cowbridge Comprehensive School in Wales devised this scoring system that penalised students who had chosen a wide range of values and rewarded students whose median value was close to Mr Jones' actual weight.
Ben and Joe, from the same school, and Daniel from King's School in New Zealand, suggested the same scoring system. Here is how Ben and Joe worked out who had done best:
Ben's solution
Joe's solution
Matthew from Moonee Ponds Central School in Australia suggested this scoring system:
Find the difference between the actual weight and both ends of the range.
Pick the larger number and subtract it from 100 to get your score.
The highest score wins.
Thank you to Sophie from The King's Junior School in Chester and to the many students from Mount Pleasant Primary School who also offered their opinions.


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February 4, 1975
Uniondale, NY US
Nassau Coliseum
includes: Rock and Roll, Sick Again, Over the Hills and Far Away, In My Time of Dying, The Song Remains the Same, Rain Song, Kashmir, No Quarter, Trampled Underfoot, Moby Dick, Dazed and Confused (incl. San Francisco), Stairway to Heaven, Whole Lotta Love.
Click here to view the North American '75 Tour Programme (flipbook)
The group's original plan to perform in Boston on this night are squashed by the city's mayor, after thousands of fans riot trying to buy tickets.
News Report: Jan. 7, 1975 - More than 2,000 young people waiting to buy tickets to a rock concert erupted in a beer-drinking, bottle-throwing spree early today that caused an estimated $50,000 to $75,000 damage at Boston Garden, officials reported.
"There was no real motive," said box-office manager Steven Rosenblatt. "We had some pretty messed up kids running around." Members of Boston's Tactical Police Force were summoned and put down the trouble, confiscating a number of knives. No arrests were reported and injuries were confined to cuts and scratches.
Tickets to the Led Zeppelin concert scheduled for Feb. 4 were to go on sale at 10 a.m. today. Rosenblatt said the Garden doors are opened at 11 p.m. the night before tickets go on sale so buyers do not have to wait outside. He said that when the number of young people grew Monday night, the largest estimate being 2,700, he called in ticket sellers at 2:30a.m. By 6:10a.m, a sellout number of 9,000 tickets- ranging in price from $6.50 to $8.50, was purchased. Rosenblatt said the same people who caused the trouble now have tickets to the concert and city officials may demand that the concert be canceled.
Whatever the Reason, Led Zeppelin is Well-Liked
Led Zeppelin's amazing power of attraction remains mysterious even to fans.
More than 100,000 fans will see Led Zeppelin's six New York area shows between now and February 14. The group's second performance piled 16,000 fans into Nassau Coliseum last night, as will two shows next week. In addition, the group has played one sell-out show at Madison Square Garden, with two more upcoming. This is by far the biggest one-group series of shows in history, the Beatles one-night stand at massive Shea Stadium drew only 56,000.
Last night's show was a re-scheduled date, slotted into the itinerary when a Boston date was canceled after a near riot by prospective ticket buyers. Many of the fans said that they would have been terribly disappointed if they had not been able to attend. But few of them were able to explain why, except that they "like the music."
Clearly, however, much of the group's appeal is due to its pronounced sexuality. "It's amazing," said a 27 year-old fans who didn't wish to have his name used. "I look at these kids' faces and they're so young. They're pure American, clean, almost sexless. But they've come to see someone who is the archetype of the sexual."
Few of Zeppelin's fans are so articulate. Fewer still are so old. Some are as young as 13, but the majority are boys in their middle teens. "I think boys just like hard rock more than girls. Girls tend to like people like Cat Stevens," 16-year-old Lisa Rothstein of Great Neck said. But the sexuality isn't what appeals to the boys. In fact, some see the group as a healthy, alternative to the ambiguous sexual stance of such other big name rockers as Mick Jagger, Alice Cooper and David Bowie. Clearly, another part of what gives Zeppelin its zap is that they can be viewed purely musically. Guitarist Jimmy Page was a legend ten years ago, as a British studio musician, as was bassist John Paul Jones. (D. Marsh, Newsday, 2/5/75)
Submit your personal review of a particular show you attended, updates, corrections, etc., which will be considered for addition to the official online archive.
You may also contact the webmaster at: email@example.com
Submit your personal review of a particular show you attended, updates, corrections, etc., which will be considered for addition to the official online archive.You may also contact the webmaster at: email@example.com
I WAS THERE THAT NIGHT. Security was stupid. We got there at 5pm and started top wait in line, I was number 22 in line!!!!!!!...... for the box office to open at 8am the next day. It was cold and the crowd was huge by 11pm ......and roudy by 12mid. The fans were drunk, high and angry because the line was so long. Someone felt bad for us because we were standing in the cold and they let us inside the Garden to stay warm.... with little to no security supervision. There must have been three thousand people inside..... and they went wild, breaking into the concession stands, ripping chairs off the floor and playing demolition derby with them on the ice. That's right, the ice rink was exposed. The cops came too late, police dogs were chasing people running with cases of stolen beer, the crowd broke the sinks off the wall and flooded the bathrooms. Finally at about 2am the announcement came.... that tickets were going on sale early. At 3:00am they opened up the box office and sold us tickets to get us out of the building. The next day the mayor of Boston and the owners of the Garden cancelled the concert. Reason was...... they didn't wan't rowdy's like Zeppelin fans anywhere near Boston. I should have kept my tickets, (I bought 4) but I went back the next day and got my money back. I bet those tickets would be worth something today.


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Carolina Avenue
Glen Burnie, Maryland, 21061
Commute to Downtown Glen Burnie
Some errands can be accomplished on foot.
About your score
Carolina Avenue has a Walk Score of 64 out of 100. This location is Somewhat Walkable so some errands can be accomplished on foot.
This location is in Glen Burnie. Nearby parks include Elizabeth Road Park, Queenstown Park and Friendship Park.
Explore how far you can travel by car, bus, bike and foot from Carolina Avenue.
Bus lines:
0.1 mi
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View all Glen Burnie apartments on a map.
Popular apartment searches include pool, hardwood floor and fitness.
Search for homes in Glen Burnie or find a Glen Burnie real estate agent who knows walkable neighborhoods. Links will open on our partner site Redfin.com.
This location is in the city of Glen Burnie, MD. Glen Burnie has an average Walk Score of 34 and has 67,639 residents.Learn More About Glen Burnie


text:
Top quality radio control cars, buggies, trucks, and tanks!
The best in robust RC vehicles, excellent spares supply and after-market support. Feed the need for speed with powerful brushless motors!
Electric power is probably better for the younger enthusiasts.
Nitro fuel engines are demanding but reward with top power and stamina! Choose from fast on-road cars, the Tomahawk Saloon is perfect for racing on hard surfaces, check out EB-4 buggies for gravel or rough stuff, or one of the large and powerful monster trucks for ultimate off-road challenges.
Super fast Nitro IC & Petrol Powered Buggies, road cars and monster trucks.


text:
|Fred Ertz
Principal and Senior Station Strategist
"Great training is the first step to successful execution."
As a Senior Strategist and Principal of AR&D, Fred is a masterful teacher. His training has helped businesses and journalists achieve their goals for nearly three decades. He has the ability to show participants how to put life into strategies for news and marketing. Fred goes beyond what others do because his approach draws individuals into the process. They learn how to take ownership and seize opportunities.
Fred recently received rave reviews for a new digital library of what he calls "Learning Tools" - a unique mix of Best Practices and common mistakes. Collaborator on the project, AR&D Strategist Bob Kaplitz, described Fred as "driven and an uniquely talented teacher."
Fred also led an AR&D team that developed a competitive analysis of news and marketing with video clips to illustrate the points. Clients call this "revolutionary" because each analysis provides a powerful teaching opportunity for the staff.
Fred uses his experience to teach extraordinary execution. And that experience includes photographer, reporter, producer, executive producer, main anchor, news director, and station manager. He has experience in all size markets, including the top ten DMAs. Fred also served as vice president of an entertainment business and vice president and co-owner of a radio station.
Education, Background and Industry Service
His under graduate work focused on journalism and pre-med. Fred has degrees from Mount Marty College in Yankton, South Dakota in Biology and Communications with an emphasis in journalism. Fred helped launch a campus radio station and helped operate it for three years.
He has produced several workshops for RTNDA and has taught classes at the University of Michigan, University of South Carolina, and the University of Texas. He has chaired two committees to put cameras in court.
Fred is also a proud member of the Cheyenne River Sioux Tribe. His Native American background gives him focus and balance in his professional and personal life. That is another reason why he makes people think in a way they never thought possible.
Fred makes his home in Grapevine, Texas with his wife, Stephanie and two children and "Duke" their Golden Retriever. When he is not spending time with his family, he travels, enjoys hunting and fishing, and coaches just about anything. He is the first to admit he has a great life!
You can reach Fred Ertz at email@example.com or 817.233.6096.


text:
Dog Takes a Dip
oklahoma city, Oklahoma -
(KFOR) A chocolate Lab is recovering after being trapped under frozen ice in a pond for nearly two hours overnight Monday in Oklahoma City.
Apart from a swollen mouth and a big blue healing collar, Reagan seems to be in high spirits.
Reagan even had enough energy for a doggie treat.
Cecilia Savage said it was a chaotic scene early Monday morning, when her 80-pound dog fell through the ice into the frozen pond.
"It was freezing cold, I was just afraid she couldn't get out of the ice for one thing," Savage said. "I knew hypothermia would set in if we couldn't get her out quickly."
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Retailer Oroton Group is hoping for a buoyant trading period for Christmas despite reporting that first quarter sales were "disappointingly behind" last year's.
Oroton managing director Ross Lane made the comments after the group reported profit for the quarter ending October 31 had been lower than expected.
"The first half results are clearly dependent on the second quarter; the key to the second quarter is Christmas," Mr Lane told shareholders at the annual meeting in Sydney yesterday.
"We have done a lot of planning for Christmas and are hopeful of a buoyant trading period.
"Christmas has begun and to date sales are in line with expectations."
The company's brands include Oroton, Marcs and Morrissey.
It has opened two new concept stores, Aspect and Dr Denim, and distributes Polo Ralph Lauren in Australia.
Mr Lane said numerous factors had affected first quarter profit.
"This is a result of the poor trading in Marcs, the associated start-up cost for Dr Denim, the aggressive clearing of aged inventory and the ongoing investment in infrastructure and people," he said.
But to put the results in perspective, Mr Lane said the first quarter was intended to contribute less than 10 per cent of full year profit.
"In contrast, the second quarter is planned to account for almost 50 per cent of the company's annual profit," he said.
Oroton shares fell 9c to $6.20 on the news.
"Investors had been expecting a much better result and they are obviously disappointed," Macquarie Equities associate director Lucinda Chan said.
Oroton chairman Sam Weiss said the company was focused on developing exciting products that "create consumer desire".
The company also aimed to build its operational infrastructure, systems and processes to handle increased sales from its portfolio of brands and the different offering within the brands, either through organic growth or acquisitions, Mr Weiss said.
"The board and management look forward to being able to continue to deliver good earnings per share and dividend growth over the coming years," he said.
Shareholders approved a resolution to subdivide Oroton's market capital into a larger number of shares by dividing each of its ordinary shares issued at the close of trading yesterday into two ordinary shares, effective today.
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text:
I tried something else and it worked.
Welcome to the Quilting Board!
I tried something else and it worked.
I am trying to post a pic for some fabric I'd to sell in the classified ads, but although I get the screen to manage attachments and can select the jpg, there's no button to upload it. I use Google Chrome and don't know what the problem is. Surely, the programmers can make something easier to use! Please help. I'd really like to do some destashing.
I am using Widows 7 and I don't get the icons shown in Patrice's original post. Any suggestions?
"God forbid that I should go to any heaven in which there are no horses" -- Robert Bontine Cunninghame-Graham, letter to Theodore Roosevelt, 1890
I Quilt, I Nap, I Quilt Some More ... Aaaaah, The Good Life!
I also have an eddres you can use if you need to contact me with questions or suggestions that relate to our community: firstname.lastname@example.com
i was trying last nite. with all your tut's i'll try again. thank you ladies for your patience and talking us thru this.


text:
No 'Crate Escape' For Would-Be Liquor Thief
A Brooklyn teenager is accused of breaking into a Breezy Point bar in late June and trying to get away with a milk crate filled with booze and beer, according to court records.
Matthew Kennedy, 18, of 2269 East 65 Street, Brooklyn, was arrested on July 26 and charged with third degree burglary and attempted petit larceny.
Kennedy allegedly broke into the Sugar Bowl bar at 1 Oceanside Avenue in Breezy Point, but was caught holding the crate "filled with assorted liquor bottles, and assorted beer" by a security guard, the court records say.
Police said they are investigating to see if Kennedy is the also man responsible for a similar Breezy Point break-in, which happened this summer. No other charges have been filed against Kennedy as yet.
Kennedy was arraigned on July 28. Queens Criminal Court Judge Joseph Zayas set his bail at $5,000. He is due back in court on August 10.


text:
M & M Cobblers Bench in Washington, DC, offers full-service leather shoe restorations and handbag repairs at affordable prices.
Welcome to M & M Cobblers BenchFor the past 20 years, we have been your #1 source for leather shoe repairs and restoration services. Simply drop off your leather goods at our location and we'll make them look brand new again in no time!
Leather Shoe Restorations & RepairsUsing the highest quality materials, we provide a variety of restoration and repair services to meet your needs, including heel changing, sole replacements, and leather cleaning. We restore everything from cowboy boots to toddler shoes, and we work with all the most popular brand names, including: • Gucci® • Allen Edmonds™ • Louis Vuitton™ • Brooks Brothers® • Christian Louboutin™
Leather Handbag Restorations & RepairsIf you have a leather purse or handbag in need of repair, you've come to the right place! We offer strap and zipper replacements, leather cleaning and restoration, and leather patching services.
Key DuplicationIn addition to leather shoe restorations and handbag repairs, we also offer key duplication services for office, home, and mailbox keys. Sorry, but automotive key duplication is not available.


text:
I know a lot of people know about the pokemon one. But I stumbled upon a pic I should never have stumbled upon, simply by mistyping a URL (this was two months ago). I came across this, it's one of the best essays I've read since the pokemon one. Hope you guys enjoy it, even if it's not true it's quite the read.
Welcome to VocaloidOtaku!
Take a few minutes to browse around. Should you enjoy what you see, register and you will gain access to more stuff.
Registration is simple and fast. It won't fetch you more than a minute.
Click here to join!
|Guest Message © 2017 DevFuse
Page 1 of 1
Ed Edd n' Eddy Conspiracy Theory Very interesting, it's actually quite enjoyable
#1 ddrXero64*
Posted 13 August 2011 - 09:38 PM
Posted 13 August 2011 - 10:43 PM
Well that was...interesting. Enjoyable, I can tell you that. Sometimes I think people are too analytic/have too much times on their hands. :U
Posted 30 August 2011 - 11:32 AM
Vocaloid Eesti
Posted 30 August 2011 - 11:35 AM
Oh no.
It's like the Rugrats theory.
Even if it's fake I still find it to be interesting.
It's like the Rugrats theory.
Even if it's fake I still find it to be interesting.
Posted 30 August 2011 - 11:36 AM
This either ruined or improved my childhood...or both 0.o
Anyways it was quite interesting...
Anyways it was quite interesting...
#6 ddrXero64*
Posted 17 September 2011 - 01:48 AM
Yea, I wouldn't have posted it really, but this one was actually enjoyable, one of the few I enjoyed reading.
#7 Rooxi*
Posted 26 October 2011 - 07:41 AM
Didin't read it but in the first paragraph It said that there warent any adults because... But that's not true. I've seen few episode where there have been adults. (Only showed like legs, bodies and hands but not heads)
Page 1 of 1


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Experiencing Malta
Trip Start Dec 19, 2006
2Trip End Mar 03, 2007
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My friends Alison and Jim and I sailed overnight from Marsala on Sicily to Malta on Dec. 18. I had night shift from the time we sailed around 8pm til around 6am. Was exhausted and got to sleep for 4 � hrs that morning. Our friend Douglas from days teaching in Tokyo joined us for five days over Christmas. We really had a good time exploring Malta together while they were all here. Everyone left before New Year's and I rang in 2007 at a fun gay bar nearby called Long Island. A few days later Nick, son of other owner of the boat, came down from England and has also been staying on the boat.
Nick's parents, Stan and Sarah, came down for 2 � weeks at the end of January. We explored a bit of the island together and had some nice dinners around town.
So, I'm in Malta. Where is it and what's it like, you ask? It's an island nation consisting of three relatively small islands just south of Sicily. The official languages are Malti (a mix of N. African Arabic, Italian and Sicilian) and English. It joined the EU in 2004 but still has it's own currency, the Maltese Lira, until Jan. 2008. It has some of the oldest ruins in the world. Some temples date back over 5000 years, before Stonehenge. Though small it has played a pivotal role twice over its long history. The first in 1565 when it helped the 500 Knights of St. John defend the island from 40,000 Ottoman Turks. The second time was during WWII when it helped maintain the Allies stronghold location within the middle Mediterranean against the Nazis and Italians. When Malta gained independence in 1964 it was the first time since prehistory that the country had been ruled by the native Maltese and not by outside powers. Many places, especially the area around Valletta, are heavily fortified. Sold fort walls abound. Most buildings on the islands are made from sandstone, a material in abundance here. The island is strongly Catholic, due to the arrival via shipwreck of St. Paul in around 60 AD. Oddly enough he was on his way to being tried as a heretic and only stayed on the island for 9 months or so. Just goes to show that we all have the potential to change the course of history, whether we realize it or not.
Lucky for me, January in Malta was the warmest it's been in 84 years. It's been mostly sunny, with temperatures generally between 50-68F.
I've been working on writing about my travel experiences and overall it is going well, but it's a long, slow process. In the meantime I have made a few friends and have been taking breaks from time to time to explore the island more.
As for what's next with me, I've decided to leave Malta and the comfort of the boat where I've been living for the past 3 � months to venture into Eastern Europe for about a month. Then considering returning to the US around mid-April.


text:
It wasn't just the conference room in the State Office Building that was packed for Norm Coleman's announcement that he was planning to contest the November election in court. Even the hallway outside was standing room only. "I think half the Republicans in the state are here," quipped one of the onlookers, peeking though the Read more →
MPR News Reporting on state politics and government
Archives for January 6, 2009
The Canvassing Board certified results showing Al Franken with a 225 vote lead, while Norm Coleman's campaign has promised a legal challenge today. MPR, Star Tribune, PiPress and AP have stories. Al Franken gave a victory speech last night. Political observers say Coleman's challenge could come with big costs. Franken will not be in Washington Read more →


text:
When you book with Newman-Dailey, you'll get much more than just great accommodations and superb customer service. With each night's stay, you'll get free stuff through our Gift Card program, as well as incredible special offers on area activities, attractions, restaurants and more.
Below you'll find some of the perks of our Gift Card program based on where you are staying. And remember, some of these benefits are seasonal and a few of our properties do not qualify for this program.
May through September, this waterpark is the coolest thing happening in Destin. One free adult admission daily.
Catch the glimpse of a dorsal fin rising from the water and capture the moment on film and have a treasure for your photo album! Receive one free adult ticket per paid night's stay.
When a day in the surf makes for tired beachgoers, unwind and enjoy the latest Hollywood releases from one of our DVD rental centers. Unlimited rentals, two movies out at a time.
March-September: Glide over Destin's Gulf and spot sea turtles or dolphins! You'll receive one parasail excursion every day of your stay.
Explore the pristine waters surrounding Destin with a 3 hour snorkeling and shelling tour per day. Snorkeling tours are for all ages and abilities and are available Memorial Day through Labor Day.
Enjoy one adult 1/2 day paddle board rental per unit, per paid night stay. Reservations are required. Noncumulative and nontransferable. Unused admissions expire daily. Paddle Boarding has become the fastest growing sport on the beaches of 30A. Explore our crystal clear waters with abundant marine life right under your feet on Reef Beach's Top quality paddle boards!
Cruise like a local with a Beach Cruiser Bike! You'll receive one rental every day to admire the shimmering brilliance of the Gulf of Mexico and her beautiful white sand beaches in addition to the landscape and its native plants and animals that are second to none.
Enjoy some of the most thrilling fishing the area has to offer with a free adult fishing trip each day. Guests are provided with bait, tackle and fishing licenses. The North Star also has a full galley on board. Available March through October.
This narrated sightseeing tour includes a trawl net pull in St. Andrews Bay for an up close and hands-on view of local marine life; a visit to beautiful Shell Island where guests can explore the pristine island or wade through the waters and go shell collecting if they wish; and then it's off to go see the wild Bottlenose Dolphins!
Create memories every day watching live shows at Gulf World Marine Park. Shows feature dolphins, sea lions and tropical birds. Explore fascinating exhibits showcasing penguins, flamingos, sharks, alligators, sea turtles, iguanas and more!
Enjoy one adult admission to WonderWorks Exhibits and Ropes Course every day. WonderWorks is fun for all ages! With more than 100 interactive exhibits, you can enjoy a one-of-a-kind experience. You can also experience the Ropes Challenge Course, made up of rope ladders and parallel rope bridges!
Save 10% on stays Sunday, Monday and Tuesday nights at Beachside Inn
We're proud to honor the men and women who serve our country by offering a 10% discount on their stay.
© 2017 Newman-Dailey Resort Properties, Inc. Florida Seller of Travel Registration #ST36398.
12815 Emerald Coast Pkwy W, Suite 100, Miramar Beach, FL 32550
Website Design by Scurto Marketing


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ED Magedson – Founder
Ripoff Report
The Party Ride50-19 49 Street Woodside , New York USA
The Party Ride Booked co. In Mar.2013 Paid in full. May 2, 2013 phone confirmation. May 8 - call info they will no longer be able to pick up May 10. Woodside New York
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Fix it the right way.
Corporate Advocacy Program™
Hired Party Ride for prom transportation March 2013. paid in full at time of booking (email saved). Confirmation phone call and email May 2, 2013 Confirmed pick up and drop off (email saved). Wednesday May 8, 2013 @ 5:05pm (6 days later) Party Ride called to inform me they will no longer be picking us up! Seriously? I have a signed contract, they understood Ct law, the drop off destination was over the border in Ma. Shame on them!!!
This report was posted on Ripoff Report on 05/08/2013 09:18 PM and is a permanent record located here: http://www.ripoffreport.com/reports/the-party-ride/woodside-new-york-11377/the-party-ride-booked-co-in-mar2013-paid-in-full-may-2-2013-phone-confirmation-may-1049491. The posting time indicated is Arizona local time. Arizona does not observe daylight savings so the post time may be Mountain or Pacific depending on the time of year.
Ripoff Report has an exclusive license to this report. It may not be copied without the written permission of Ripoff Report. READ: Foreign websites steal our content
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SUBMITTED: Wednesday, May 08, 2013POSTED: Wednesday, May 08, 2013
I'm so upset, I forgot to say the prom date is May 10,2013.
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text:
Au Revoir Simone
It's been four long years since Au Revoir Simone released a new album, with the three singer-keyboardists busying themselves with other pursuits during that time. Heather D'Angelo finished her environmental-biology degree, Annie Hart had a baby and collaborated with Uninhabitable Mansions and Pursesnatchers, while Erika Forster released a languidly lovely electropop EP under the name Erika Spring. The Brooklyn trio is back in typically entrancing form on fourth album Move in Spectrums, whose title reflects the increasing variety of colors in their palette. Softly soothing, conspiratorial vocals ride serenely over the boxy drums, keyboard-light glimmer and spacey echoes of "The Lead Is Galloping" in a most captivating fashion. The whispered, candied confessions of "Gravitron" are a pure synth sugar rush, while the video for the more guitar-based gem "Crazy" is a really cute, perfectly realized parody of the Martin Scorsese film After Hours.
Tue., Oct. 22, 8:30 p.m., 2013
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What are all the items on the raft that huck and Jim use to sail down the river. I really need all of the items asap please. Thanks- Colton The adventures of huckleberry finn
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text:
$ 5.97 In Stock
- Condition:
- New
- Item No.
- 505796
- Mfg Part No.
- 13960
Product Information for Dixon Ticonderoga Breast Cancer Awareness Pencil
Highlights for Dixon Ticonderoga Breast Cancer Awareness Pencil
- Product Type:Wood Pencil
- Pencil Grade:#2
Marketing Information
When you purchase these Breast Cancer Awareness Pencils, a portion of the profits will be donated to Breast Cancer Research. Pink designs promote Breast Cancer Awareness. Latex free erasers deliver smudge free correction. PMA Certified nontoxic.
General Information
Physical Characteristics
Additional InformationPink Designs
Recycled Content0%
Assembly RequiredNo
Green Compliance Certificate/AuthorityPMA
Green ComplianceYes
Certifications & Standards
Product Information


text:
|Jia Xiangping <email@example.com>
|statalist <email@example.com>
|st: A tricky case (tricky to me)
|Tue, 11 Oct 2005 03:00:06 +0800
Dear all, I came accross a very tricky problem (to me it's tricky, maybe not to you). Table1 is the data in table form. The first variable is the index of plot(it's meaningless here). The second is the area of each plot of land, with the variable "crop" being the type of crops planted in specific plot. So var2, var12, var22, var32..are categorical variables and they are not exlusive. That means they might be the same code. TABLE 1 plot area crop .......... 1 var1 var2 2 var11 var12 3 var21 var22 4 var31 var32 5 var41 var42 ............. TABLE 2 crop ........areax(the variable I want to generate now) xvar1 areax1 xvar4 .......... Table2 only provide some of crops. Here I want to generate the variable areax (in TABLE2) that is the area of specific crop, say, xvar1. The following is the work I did: //gen areax1 gen areax1=0 forvalues i=1(10)999 { local j=`i'+1 replace areax1=areax1+var`i' if var`j'=xvar1 } Then I was informed that invaled syntax r(198); end of do-file r(198) Can some one tell me what's wrong? -- Xiangping JIA * * For searches and help try: * http://www.stata.com/support/faqs/res/findit.html * http://www.stata.com/support/statalist/faq * http://www.ats.ucla.edu/stat/stata/
|© Copyright 1996–2017 StataCorp LLC | Terms of use | Privacy | Contact us | What's new | Site index


text:
The update brings new support for microSD cards so that you can use a file manager to view all of the pictures, music, video and other important things stored on your microSD card. Also, you can use a connection to your PC or Mac to write content to your SD card. After installing the maintenance update, you will be able to improve the quality of viewing streaming media by adjusting the bit rate based on the bandwidth of the client. Finally, a new policy for ExchangeActiveSync will allow you to recover a lost, forgotten or missing password.
You can check out the entire changelog at the sourcelink. While it is an OTA update, you can look for it by going to Settings, About Tablet, to System Updates. And while this maintenance update is offered only to the Verizon version of the tablet, there is a chance that it will eventually be offered to those with the Wi-Fi version of the Motorola XOOM.
source: Verizon via AndroidGuys


text:
Riedel Contracting is a FULL SERVICE company with over 25 years of experience in Commercial and Residential Roofing, Waterproofing, Siding, Window and Gutter installation in Bergen County, NJ, Manhattan, Brooklyn and surrounding areas.
We are an experienced, locally based, technically savvy contracting company with top notch craftsmen providing the highest quality products and services.
With a zeal for maintaining an unblemished track record for installation and service, Riedel Contracting maintains an A+ Better Business Bureau Rating and frequently receives perfect "10" ratings on residential and commercial roofing projects completed under the GAF Master Elite and Master certification programs.
We offer innovative maintenance programs, extended warranties and great customer service ensuring our customers' satisfaction and the long term performance of their roofs.
Riedel Contracting has earned the title of Master Elite and Master Installer for GAF Corporation.
Asphalt . Cedar. Copper . Metal . Slate. Flat Roofs . Waterproofing systems . Skylights . Siding . Copper & Standard Gutters, Guards & Leaders...we have expertly installed them all!
Residential Shingle (Asphalt, Cedar, Tile, Slate & Faux Slate)
Commercial (TPO, Modified Bitumen, EPDM, etc.) Flat Roofing Installations
Gutter, Gutter Guard and Leader Installations, Repair & Cleaning
Coppersmith Work including Copper Roofs, Chimneys & Valleys
Siding, Windows, Doors & Skylights
Our expertise in the field allows us to CUSTOM DESIGN your next shingle or flat roof!
Cedar Shake and Shingle Bureau Compliant Installer of Certi-Label Cedar Shingles & Shakes.
We are registered as Riedel Contracting with the NJ Division of Consumer Affairs, License #13VH02819000 as a Home Improvement Contractor.
We are also registered with the City of New York, Department of Consumer Affairs, License #1408165.


text:
Location: Memphis TN
Member since 12/30/2009
- 1 total post
- 1 review
Reviews & Stories
Excellent Results Removing Brown Birthmark - Memphis
Excellent results in removing a brown birthmark. Would highly recommend this doctor and procedure to others. Took several treatments to fully remove the birthmark. The doctor was kind enough to give me a discount. I would highly recommend him and this treatment. READ MORE


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Databases by NameA B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
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Salem History - Milestone Documents in American History (Salem Press) - Full Text
Milestone Documents in American History combines 134 full-text primary source documents with expert analysis and commentary covering the years 1763-2003.
Subjects: History; Social Sciences
Scribner Writers Online (Gale) - Full Text
Scribner Writers Series provides original, scholar signed essays on the lives and works of authors from around the world from all time periods. Entries include concise essays, citations, and biographical information that place the authors and their works in personal and historical context.
Subjects: Languages and Literature
Serials Directory (EBSCOhost)
Up-to-date bibliographic information and pricing structures for magazines, journals, newspapers, and other serials with nearly 250,000 U.S. and international titles, including newspaper and data from more than 108,000 publishers worldwide, including e-mail and Internet addresses. (This is not an index to articles.)
Resource Types: Reference
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Social Sciences Full Text (EBSCOhost) - Full Text
Access to some of the most important journals published in the social sciences including indexing for over 625 periodicals dating back as far as 1983.
Subjects: Social Sciences
Statista (Statista) - Full Text
Provides statistics and data aggregation covering international markets, industries, and societal topics with special focus on U.S., EU, UK and China. All statistics and forecasts can be directly downloaded in PNG/PDF, Excel, and PowerPoint formats - and according to academic citation standards.
Subjects: Art, Architecture, and Applied Arts; Biology; Business and Economics; Criminal Justice; Education; Environmental Sciences; Forestry and Agriculture; General and Multidisciplinary; Geography; Health, Medicine, and Nursing; History; Journalism; Languages and Literature; Marketing and Advertising; Music, Dance, Drama, and Film; Physical Sciences and Mathematics; Reference; Science and Technology; Social Sciences
Student Resources in Context (Gale) - Full Text
Contextual information on a broad range of topics, people, places, and events. Authoritative reference content merged with full-text magazines, academic journals, news articles, primary source documents, images, videos, audio files and links to vetted websites organized into a user-friendly portal experience combined with new features such as "Search Assist" and quick fact boxes.
Resource Types: Reference
Subjects: Education; Reference


text:
The Outdoor Edge Trophy-Pak Knife and Saw Combo combines the hunter's two most essential game care tools; a deep bellied skinning knife and game saw on a compact leather belt sheath. The Trophy Skinner is the perfect size knife for deer with a 3-1/2 inch blade and gut hook for easy field dressing. Each blade is hand finished to a razor's edge from Chrome-Moly AUS-8A stainless steel for superior edge retention and performance.
The Kodi-Saw with triple-ground blade makes easy work of clearing tree limbs and cutting tough bone and cartilage. Rubberized Kraton handles with Trimond texture ensure a secure lock-on grip, even when wet. If you are looking for a compact, light-weight knife/saw combo to handle trophy sized game, get the Trophy-Pak.
Mack's Prairie Wings is not responsible for typographical errors in pricing or product specification inaccuracies in our web site. Prices are subject to change without notice.
Copyright © 2017 - Mack's Sport Shop LLLP - All rights reserved. Site Developed and Maintained by Ability Commerce
Copyright © 2004-2017 - Mack's Prairie Wings, Inc. - All rights reserved. Site Developed and Maintained by Ability Commerce


text:
Monterey, CA, USA < change city >
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Soiree by Simone
San Francisco, CA 94122, USA
Coordinators/Planners, Decorations, Floris...
A wedding is an incredibly complex event to orchestrate with lots of details to think about—choosing invitations, managing gues...
Classic Catering
447 Figueroa
Monterey, CA 93940, USA
Caterers, Reception Sites, ...
9 ratings, 9 reviews, 10 weddings
Classic Catering was just wonderful! They treated us like a friend and we felt so...
Carmel Weddings
Box 7248
Box 2466
Carmel, CA 93921, USA
Officiants, Coordinators/Pl...
2 ratings, 2 reviews, 2 weddings
Our wedding was absolutely beautiful. It couldn't have been any better. Our coord...
Allison Weddings
1 rating, 1 review, 1 wedding
Absolutely loved our wedding planner, Allison, and could not have planned a desti...
Lulu Events
1136 Larkin Way
Napa Valley, CA 94558, USA
Coordinators/Planners, Deco...
2 ratings, 2 reviews, 2 weddings
There are many high quality wedding planners for Napa Valley, however, if you ar...
Amy Byrd Weddings
PO Box 222748
Carmel, CA 93922, USA
1 rating, 1 review, 1 wedding
A few good things and a few bad things. I would recommend Amy, she is profession...
Elegant Events
5921 Garrapatos Road
Carmel, CA 93923, USA
Coordinators/Planners, Cere...
0 ratings, 1 review, 1 wedding
Diane found us the most amazing site and made the wedding of our dreams come true...
The Cherry On Top Events
Monterey, CA, USA
0 ratings, 1 review, 1 wedding
The staff was helpful and imaginative with our wedding. They followed my dream an...


text:
Address: 1 High St, Auckland city
Ph: 09 377 7666
Open: Mon-Fri 11am-late, Sat 4pm-late.
I've always been a sucker for a little bit of quality and have long cherished the belief that there are two classes - first class and no class.
So walking into No 1 High St was a breath-taking experience. With its high moulded ceilings, 1920s-style ambience and sumptuous fittings, it certainly appeals to the snob in me. Of course, nice surroundings are only part of the picture, but they do help.
On first appraisal the place looks like the lobby of the Ritz, with impeccably polished timber, a lovely library area and a mezzanine area that houses a private dining room.
It's all quite luxurious and is very reminiscent of some old-school bar in London or Paris, except the people aren't quite as well dressed.
The menu is wonderful, too, with something for everyone ranging from small plates to the full monty and everything in between.
And the drinks? Well, it would be hard to go past the place if you like a drink. A good range of beer is backed by a rather tasty wine list and the cocktails are excellent.
I found the service to be fine too, polite and attentive without ever lapsing into the casual and the drinks were delivered promptly and with a smile, so it's hard to fault the place, really.
No 1 High Street has put some real effort into its design and operation and it shows. It's an excellent spot to kick off a night or simply to meet for an afternoon drink in rather sumptuous surroundings, smack bang in the middle of town.
Service: 4.5/5
Drink: 4/5
Menu: 4.5/5
Atmosphere: 5/5
Overall: 4.5/5


text:
Bakugan games on this site you can find numerous fun Bakugan game. You can play games if you want Facebook to share, you can add to your favorites and add as members can comment and rating. Bakugan games fun on our site as a free wish.
Bakugan characters belong to a very short time later with pictures and information can be found here.