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I have it: 324 I had it: 68 I want it: 217 My signature: 4
Designers » M » Mugler Leather « Groups
I have it: 324 I had it: 68 I want it: 217 My signature: 4
Thierry Mugler is launching new limited edition collection Les Parfums de Cuir ("The Fragrances of Leather"), which offers new editions of Angel, Alien, Womanity and A * Men perfumes, coming out in October 2012. This collection celebrates the twentieth birthday of Thierry Mugler perfumes. For the occasion, four new interpretations of the famous fragrances enriched with natural extracts of leather are presented. This concept combines haute perfumery and the traditional craft of glove making and perfume craft.
The new fragrances are made by soaking the original compositions in natural leather for four weeks.
Angel Les Parfums de Cuir resulted in the leathery gourmand character and accented accord of iris and apricot.
The feminine editions are given new and unique bottle design, while the masculine one retains its original shape. Each scent comes with a logo on the cap, which marks the 20th anniversary. The fragrances are available in Eau de Parfum concentration.
Perfume rating: 4.20 out of 5 with 284 votes.
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A perfume for the baddest biker chick on the face of the earth. It smells exactly like what the name implies, Angel+leather.
This is a refined, mellower, quieter version of Angel, which I can't really pull off: I love it on others but I feel it wears me instead of the other way around.
Of course it's still identifiable as an Angel relative, but it's also close to Bottega Venetta and, in my opinion, better.
It has a lovely, non-animatic whatsoever leather note, and a seamless execution. You will be noticed wearing this, so more of a weekend or a going-out deal than a day-at-the-office fragrance.
I do love it, and treasure the 30 ml bottle I have. No idea if they released bigger ones but, if I didn't already own more perfumes that I will ever wear, I would have gone for that.
Nice & unisex! You know the Mugler DNA by now. Add some Leather to Angel and toss in a little A*Men....... Longevity is good (not great as some of the others) .
Happy to have this! Wish it came in bigger sizes though......
I haven't tried the original Angel yet but Les Cuirs is one of my favorites. I have been wearing it for quite a while but refrained from reviewing it until now because of how rich and complicated this scent seemed to me. Looking at the numerous notes listed here I realize that my nose wasn't wrong.
Really unique. Has a very subtle masculine edge to it which I love. Starts VERY sweet with the honey being quite strong, almost like a granny scent, but with a cool twist (probably due to the suede) that manages to make the top notes rather edgy. It finally settles into a divine creamy suede. Lasts the whole day and I find it suitable for all occasions.
A fun, unique and very beautiful scent.
So I'm dousing myself with the stuff while reading the back of the box where it says "Partly matured in a vat containing fragments of leather, Angel eau de parfum has smooth and subtle leathery overtones..." and I'm thinking, how much of a difference is stirring a few "fragments of leather" into the world's most polarizing powerhouse perfume going to make?? If this were anything else I'd be annoyed but who are we kidding, it's Angel, it's awesome.
eta: I get more leather in the middle to drydown, and it's not the tough raunchy kind you might expect, but more delicate, almost like suede. It's similar to the leather note in Daim Blond, Bottega Veneta and Cuir Ottoman.
If you like original Angel she is in here. Not the lighter synthetic in the current formulation. The original Angel is dark around the edges.
Leather is the dominant note here and it is a true leather smell, like a fine leather jacket. Some leathers are done in a creamy way, this is straight up hyde leather and its beautiful.
Leather is the star here with Angel circling in the background. The longevity is wonderful and as it settles is marvelous. This is Mugler at its best showcasing leather and Angel.
Im going to need a few back up bottles of this. Just stellar if you are a Angel or leather fan. The leather cuts down the large Angel presence, so if you liked angel but found it to be "too much" this may be it. A love for me!!!
Angel Les Parfums de Cuir - Sampling this with a head-cold so my sense of smell is somewhat hindered. This Angel is very, very nice. It is sweet leathery goodness, like seating out in the morning enjoying breakfast outside in the cool weather and sporting leather jacket to keep warm while enjoying a jammy fruit compote and warm chocolate.
Silage seems to be on par with the original as well as longevity. I dare say I prefer this over the original, this is really an amazing composition.
On my skin it delivers exactly what it says on the box: Angel with leather. It is like opening a luxury leather handbag that has a smelling strip sprayed with Angel in it.
Sillage and longevity are the same like that of the classic Angel.
I wildly adore Angel, so I wildly adore this version, too!
I bought this for my sister when it came out. I almost kept it for myself.
My lovely Angel with a hint of leather to open with which on dry down becomes a lush leather with good longevity, very nice indeed Mugler. If you dislike original Angel this is probably not for you although as I say on dry down the leather takes over the Angel on me but I do get a little waft of a more demure Angel now and then.Beautiful.
I've had this sample for so long now, and today I just got around to trying it. On me, I get my love for Angel with a leather twist. It's a deep fragrance but not too overpowering. The lasting power is excellent and the dry down is soft and little powdery. Overall, it's a nice perfume.
Hm, I am really not sure what to think about this "Sado-Angel"...
To me it smells sort of masculine, and not so sweet as the regular Angel.
Personally I think it would be better if it had more sweetness to it, like B2B by Kilian, which I love.
Nevertheless I think this will be one of my new favourite fragrances.
Just because Angel is the best ;)
Maybe because I am a male but I get very little leather but I don't mind as I am not a big leather fan. I do get the resemblance of Kilian's B2B though. With that being said it's a masterpiece and stands alone. I get more patchouli blended with the many fruits and sweet notes. The peach note is blended so perfectly that I can't complain. Peach usually comes off very feminine in the few scents that I have tried with the note but not here. The dry down lasts forever and I have been sniffing my wrists all day. This is 20x better than the male version which was a big flop. I do have one bad thing to say, why make only 30 ml bottles?
This is Angel with leather! I like leather and I love Angel, so naturally I love this. If you don't like one of the above though, stay away. No the patchouli is not milder or anything. It is good old Angel with leather that even amplifies the patchouli, making it dirty and smoky. The longevity on me though is not as big as Angel, but this might be good for some. I can also find some unisexuality on it because of the leather.
Imagine though my dissapointment when I was at the party yesterday and I took it out to spray myself and my friends were ALL like: Oh is this Angel you are wearing?
What fun! I zoomed through a bottle of this in a month. I smelled the leather strongly at first but then became totally anosmic to it. Aside from leather, there is this radiant apricot note in place of regular Angel's dewberry. It's also a little pissy in the 80s manner.
I don't know what it is about this fragrance but this hugely reminds me of By Kilians Back to black. It's the honey note and I smell it in this quite heavily. Back to black is way more softer though and this has more punch to it. In the dry down I smell lots of caramel and vanilla and it is very soothing and comfortable compared to the start. This fragrance is pretty masculine and a guy could pull this off easily because the leather gives this the kind of a dirty vibe. All in all a great fragrance and I think I prefer this to the A*men version if I want something strong and with a great sillage. If I want the sweetness I'll go for the other.
Parfums de Cuir is definitely a flanker of the original Angel, but boy oh boy.. this Angel has fallen. A Very dark, mysterious version of the Original. This one is much more plump, sweet, and yes.. Leathery.. Very Leathery!
The opening I get a blast of plump dark fruits ie the Blackcurrents & Red berries. It strikes me as a Raspberry accord, and since I think Raspberries and leather go together.. this smell is intoxicating for me. The mid.. the Leather comes up, and this is a rich, dark, thick leather smell. Nothing delicate or danty here. Very rouged, and rough around the edges (in a good way). Think Black matte leather with studs, haha. The drydown is just a leathery-amber accompanied by the usual smooth vanillic ending of original Angel.
I know a few folks that don't like original Angel, but do like this. I don't know. . it is a Dark berries & Leather fragrance, but it still has definite original Angel DNA from beginning to end; though it's hard to say which is better, and since original Angel is a classic I put this (Cuir) frag up pretty highly; it smells just fabulous!
This is such a dark, heavy, rich leather used that I think men definitely should check this out. It's definitely not only for women; infact, I would think only a woman with bold personality would pull this one off - it's quite Bold, and in a unisex way for sure.
Red Berries+
Rich, dark fruity Leather fragrance for the BOLD!
Love it! a Classic IMHO.
This perfume is an addiction for me.
I found it in Marshall's and took the chance of buying based on the reviews here and am not disappointed. It's one those I would have felt guilty about had I not purchased it due to the original Angel not working with my chemistry but this one does 1,000%.
It's manly and in your face, then decides to soften and back off a bit, and finally smoothes out deciding to mark it's place and stay.
I get menthol in the opening…almost like a Bengay type of scent… and then the morphing fun begins. I smell bits of Angel in the middle..definitely some patchouli, some vanilla and then BAM! the leather comes out to play.
Longitivity is superb along with silage.
Angel rocked my world the first time I smelled it. The subsequent flanking fragrances have made me a little sad, honestly. Not that some of them haven't been good. Flanks just make me think of parents who are trying to relive their glory days by making their kids play the same sport in which they themselves once excelled.
But sometimes a kid comes along and shows even greater talent than good ol' dad did, and when that happens, all the ranks of angels rejoice: everybody wins!
Angel Cuir is like that. Less pretty and more handsome, with the same opening of black currant, caramel and chocolate. But instead of evolving into vanilla, if you give AC five minutes, it will give you leather.
I've tapped out my ability to use sports metaphors. Like an ice cream sundae served in a brand new cowgirl boot!
I like cuir. I don't like Angel. 50/50 chance of liking it. I took the risk and bought a bottle. I can see how much effort went into preparing every detail of the elaborate packaging. Nevertheless it looks cheap. The silver star at the bottom of the bottle which wraps around it like a claw is made of plastic. The black leather pouch in which the bottle comes is actually made of composite leather. And the fragrance just like the little bag smells more like synthetic leather than anything else. I suppose if you are a perfume junkie you will just want to try it for yourself. But after trying it I see no purpose for this mish mash fragrance other than creating extra revenue. The black box looks mysterious and very VIP. You pull out the bottom part and see a black draw string bag. Inside is s golden bottle sparkling like a jewel. Nice. If only it contained a fragrance that I could actually love.
This was what I hoped Fan di Fendi Extreme would be but at least I have Angel de Cuir to hit the spot for my gourmand leather cravings. I don't find this masculine like some of the other reviewers, on my skin it sits comfortably in the unisex, perhaps even leaning towards the feminine side (NOT if you like light sweet florals though). I agree with previous reviewers who say this has the tenacity of Angel before it got diluted through the years. It clings on to clothes for over 24 hours and is very much an "in your face" perfume. I prefer it now over my latest refill of Angel(which is a shadow of its former self). Angel de Cuir is a well-blended composition of fruity leather tinged with caramel, smooth tonka, a tinge of rose and lots of patchouli presence. The drydown is my favourite part, ambery fruity leather and patchouli heaven.
What a gorgeous Angel ( or should we say fallen Angel in leather pants ..:)
Im testing this for the second time , first time testing i found it very similar to the Taste of Fragrance angel . But this time the Leather comes out much stronger its not only leather but also the Blackurrant that is very dominent in the begining . This isent close to the original Angel IMO . its rather a more mellow and gental choco slightly smokey leather version of the Taste of fragrance who jumpes over the fruity begining of original angel . This goes straight to the choco part.
This is a warm treat , a truly sensual take on the beautiful seductive Angel. Must have for Angel Lovers . Nead to look up a bottle
I love leather perfume, and I love Angel, so I made a blind buy.
Indeed, I thought that the addition of a prominent note of leather would have turned Angel into an aggressive and animalic fragrance.
Well, the result is very different from what I've expected: Angel Les Parfum de Cuir is not a hotter version of Angel, it's a totally different fragrance.
Yes, I can detect many traditional note of Angel, but that single leather note has got the power to change definitely the style and the effect of the entire perfume.
I perceive Angel Les Parfum de Cuir like a mature, classy fragrance. The leather note is not sexy and wild, it's sophisticated like a luxury handbag, or like the scent of a fur coat.
The bold and sparkling sweetness of the traditional Angel is turned into the velvety mildness of a charming, fair woman.
Moreover, the sillage and the lasting power of this perfume are very different from the original: after 10 minutes the sillage is moderate, and after an hour the scent becomes quite close to the skin... but this is not a lack, this is very elegant and intriguing (especially if you are planning a dinner for two).
The difference between Angel and Angel Les Parfum de Cuir is the same you can find between sexuality and sensuality: if you want to be a heartbreaker you can try to wear Angel, but if you want to dedicate yourself to one single special person, you will wear Les Parfum de Cuir.
As far as I'm concerned, I love both of them!
I agree this has a very masculine opening, nothing like Angel, i feel 80% leather scent mixed with chocolate and caramel. After about an hour becomes very soft, like really really soft, i can barely feel some cholocate, caramel, vanilla, the leather is still there, but just like a ghost of that power from the begining... Sillage is very weak, stays really close to the skin, but the longevity of that after leather stays with me about 12 hours, I am not saying this is a bad flanker, but it's just a special-animalistic scent, i would say ideal both for strong women and men after their 30s.My boyfriend liked it i guess, he told me i smell candy-like, similar to Candy from Prada.
This has a close opening with the men's version, but then you get sweet apricot and patchouli aroma. The final dry down is a warm mocha chocolate with the opening of fine glove leather. Love, love, love this.
I wanted to do an update on this fragrance. I did indeed purchase a bottle, and still, this is simply magnificent. Something about this flanker just works with my skin chemistry. The leather note oozes sensuality and takes Angel to a whole new level. I've not gone one day wearing it where people haven't complimented and questioned what I was wearing. A staple for my fall and winter fragrances, I am currently searching for another bottle before they are gone.
Whoa - not what I expected. I thought I was sampling the regular Angel - but, No! Cuir starts off with a medicinal, woody, downright piney patchouli...then the leather takes over and steals the stage. The original Angel peeks out occasionally but mostly what I get is menthol + leather with an occasional whiff of chocolate/cotton candy. Thought for sure that I had sampled a men's fragrance by mistake. Not for me.
(Update: 2 or 3 hours into the dry down the leather note tones down/burns off a bit and I get lots of tonka, more vanilla than chocolate, the leather is still there but it's not quite so pungent. Definitely an interesting one..)
Surprisingly this goes VERY powdery on me?? I agree entirely with the reviewer below who said it's SUEDE, NOT LEATHER that comes to mind here. Up front I get a LOT OF PLUM!! (Also surprised by that being the very obvious opening for my nose). As it starts to settle in I get lots of honey/cotton candy, and the musky patchouli + iris notes must be what's going so super powdery for my skin. Suede/cocoa are in there but that powder iris hits my nose hard up front and I'm not a fan of smelling my other scents through the silkening veil of iris. Too 'soft' in that sense (& only that sense) for my taste. Sillage? Great! One of the few my male roommate has complimented from a distance. (He enjoyed it.) Longevity? Killer, as ever. Definitely wonderful, just a bit too odd for me to decide if it's a keeper. Will test a few more times before deciding officially.
P.S. I find it very unisex, don't understand the 'masculine only' reviews, but to each their own! As I said, very sweet/powdery/plum scented to me, but a man could pull it off too. Just don't over apply, it will wear YOU instead of the other way around! (As w/ all Muglers I've tried)
Thrilled to have gotten this! The original Angel is now only a shadow of it's former self--the cocoa toned down, the monster sillage gone. Angel cuir provides an interesting take on this classic. More masculine than the original, but still smooth, warm and wearable...I can detect the leather, and of course the unmistakable chocolate-patchouli blend. It's like catching whiffs of the Angel fragrance leaking inside an expensive leather purse! The gem-cut bottle and leatherette pouch add a special touch. Lasting power is around 6 hours on my skin.
This is very much still Angel, but the leather tones it down a bit and adds sophistication and maturity. I'm not a huge Angel fan (in actuality, I don't really like Angel at all - it's too loud for me, and being a gal who gravitates toward heavy hitters, that's saying a lot), but this I like.
Edit: It's the dry-down that makes this one a winner. Several hours later, I smell a sweet, smokey, chocolatey leather. At this point, it's just an inch or so from my skin, but oh, what a lovely, subtle scent. Sadly, the loudness of the opening stages would not allow for close-quarters wear as in an office or classroom, but this would be a great fragrance for a date. Louder initially, a statement, that dries down to a subtle come-hither that lingers only in the most intimate of embraces. Very well done.
In the original I get loads of pathchouli and cotton candy. Leather Angel is more like leather and chocolate - the patchouli isn't as sharp as in the original BUT it is, oddly so, much much more medicinal in the leather edition (which is a minus). I find Leather Angel to be a little unsettling... as if the leather had taken the lead while the chocolate desperately tries to fit in the composition. So in other words most of the notes seem to be suffering from the strong presence of the leather, certainly ruining the whole fragrance. Leather Angel however smells a little more grown up compared to original - maybe this could be something to those devoted angel users that wish to have something more mature but still with the heavenly Angel base. I LOVE, and will love, Angel till the death takes us apart but really Mr Mugler.. I'd rather have her without leather.
This is a heavenly creation . I suggest to every woman try this wonderful scent . I wear this and get many compliments from both men and women . Love it !
I don't see how anyone with boobs can pull off this fragrance...not even a tomboy. It smells soooo masculine, almost like a strong leathery Drakkar. the drydown gets softer, nicer, and more tolerable, but still it's very masculine to my nose. well done overall, but not for me.
super! in the first minute is very similar to the first issue of an angel, that even in 1992, then it becomes softer and sweeter and the black leather bag of blue ribbons, a miracle, I really like it.
I've just acquired this together with the Alien one, and I'm thinking how have I lived without it so far? I'm absolutely loving it, I find it incredibly sexy and deep, complicated and sensual. I cannot generally identify individual notes in perfumes, therefore I'm only judging by the overall sensation and this is a gorgeous one. I can feel the leather and the animalistic element in it. Superb
I don't get much leather in the opening. It's like a more fruitier and less thick version of Angel. During the development, the leather note gets more and more evident but still difficult to pick it distinctively. It's blended in patchouli and sweetness. The drydown is mainly chocolate-caramel, some patchouli and some leather, and it's less sweet and has a more masculine vibe than the original. The longevity is like the long lasting original but the sillage is much closer.
I appreciate the more prominent fruity aspect and the well blended leather among the whole composition as I'm not fan of strong leather scent like Shalimar. I'd recommend it based on that. However, if you're looking for a distinctive leather note, I don't think this version of Angel will satisfy you.
Edit: It's interesting that when I wear it in winter, the leather note is quite noticeable especially in the opening. It's refined and slightly rubbery. Combined with patchouli and fruits, it feels like a new leather bag which happens to catch a few drops of Angel.
That's like an even stronger version of Angel the original. I liked it and I want to have it. I am sure any Angel lovers will like this too.
I didn't like it at all, the leather is quite strong, and overall the scent didn't smell good to me even in the dry down, it smelled like a strong dry man 's cologne.
I will pass on that one .
Nothing feminine or pretty about it. Strong leathery scent. I never got any sweetness out of that one either.
But I am not a fan of Angel at all, none of its flankers have impressed me.
I like the Alien way better.
Perfectly suited for guys
When the great reaches the level of perfection we get something like this Angel.
I am completely in love with all perfumes Angel, but this, by having a strong output of leather, it seems to me the most compelling for me because I am a man.
The olfactory notes are wonderful and were mixed perfectly.
Keeping the same unisex line, I think this is the most masculine Angel. At least that is the feeling it gives me.
The bottle is beautiful.
Longevity and projection are perfect, exquisite, surreal.
I mention again that for me, Thierry Mugler is without doubt the best brand of perfumes in the world, offering the best quality at all levels (raw materials, bottles, boxes), without forgetting the exclusive design.
Congratulations Thierry Mugler, even a layman like me can easily distinguish all the different versions of your Angel, something that is hard to happen in other brands.
Thierry Mugler is the KING of the world perfumery.
got a bottle of this today - but mine is blue, i don't understand why because i could not find any photo on the internet of angel les parfums de cuir that is blue. as mine has a sticker saying it's angel les parfums de cuir tester.
I have this and the regular Angel.
What shall I say about it.
It is such a DREAMY fragrance. One sniff and I am hooked.
It has that divine Angel aroma that got married to leather.
If you want to be a bad girl..or guy. You should really get this.
I received an early christmas present from a very dear friend , it was an "Alien" collectors edition with braclet , in a gorg black Mugler gift box ! I was very happy with that :) ...Many thnaks Nick if your reading - Your one in a million :)
As he ordered from the Mugler website you can choose 3 samples , he chose for me this Angel leather , Miroir Des Vanites and Alien Absolu.
I was very excited to try this "Leather" angel as i do like leather scents such as Habanita. . . . Dissapointing , I cant detect much leather in this ? I do detect a nice smooth SUEDE , which is nice , but butch leather - No.
Its drier and not as cloying as the original , but has more "clout" than the EDT ( which i like) ....... Maybe a good choice for those who like the angel-lite "EDT" and who cant wear the original angel EDP if they find it too heavy on the "dirty/earthy" patchouli ( as I do!)., but i wouldnt recommend it for harcore leather lovers.
Dont get me wrong , I do like this perfume , its well made as usual for Mugler , and is very long lasting - Great quality from this house. I think the leather note could of been amped up a notch though to make it stand out from the array of other "Angel " flankers
30.october 2012
I have finally managed to test every female scent from "cuir" line and must say that i am a bit dissapointed with this particular one. I have tried it 3 times and worn it over several days (superb lasting power and great sillage as always), but i can´t smell any leather on my skin test. Yes, i can smell leather notes on a paper blot in the opening, but in genral this is more a "candy Angel" to me. It is very sweet in a sugary-suryp way sweet. I was hoping as well, that it would have a stronger leather note, and i think it would smell nicer then.
Not a complaint, still an amazing fragrance, but not exactly what i was expecting. Main notes i get are: patchouli, caramel, cotton candy, honey and a bit of chocolate. Bring in some more leather please! However i think this is again actually more wearable in public than the original one (however nothing beats the original masterpiece).
Do try it on your skin not to get dissaponted.
Trademark lasting power of 2 sprays on a wrist for over 20 hrs!!!!! A mega huge like from me!
edit.....this is more for a man....i dont like this for a woman ..it smells very very musty on me...will not buy...its strong and nice...but i agree..the notes get lost here....good for a man maybe with the right chemistry...alien leather is the best one!
I have tried it today and I`m a bit on the fence with this one.
It is still undeniably Angel, sweet, patchouli-cacao as usual, but the leather makes it rather dry and to me this Angel somehow lost it`s gourmand qualities here.
It`s like Angel toughens up with leather but also tames it`s extreme sweetness a little bit.
Very unusual composition.
I`m not a huge fan of leather in general although it`s a great idea to put out a leather themed limited series but I don`t think I`m tempted to buy a bottle of Leather Angel.
Great longevity and sillage though.
coming from a straight man, This is WAY better than the A*men, this is a nice sweet leather while the ,men's one is rubber with watered down A*men, still the price is higher ($70 for 30ml vs $70 for 100ml) but is more worth it than the a*men
I've tried this fragrance twice now (that being spraying it on my skin at the store). I love this flanker. I believe this is probably the best Angel flanker to come about. The real leather that is soaked into this fragrance brings the scent to a totally different place. At first spray, it seems very similar. But after a couple of minutes setting on the skin, you can really tell the difference. This flanker is deeper, and seems more masculine. And by masculine I mean the notes seem more developed and less sweet. The dry down, in my opinion is better than the original Angel. Yes, I know... never degrade the original!! But I prefer this. Fantastic, and no I do not smell cat pee. I smell Mugler perfection. I am seriously contemplating buying this.
This is a very well-done fragrance. It starts off almost buttery, and smooth. I can smell the gourmand notes of Angel. Then the leather really kicks in, and it's pretty prominent. This is not as sweet/gourmand as the other Angel's, but it is still beautiful. It's definitely in the Angel family, though. Sillage is once again excellent.
Of the three fragrances from the Parfums de Cuir line that I tested today (the others being Alien and Womanity), this one has the strongest leather note. It starts off with a bang, with a big, in-your-face leather scent bringing a dark, oily quality to the fragrance. As it progresses it gets sweeter, but not in the way that Angel typically does for me. In the original, as well as the Taste of Fragrance version, thick notes of honey, vanilla, caramel, chocolate and spice are what dominate the composition. Here, I only get a smidge of those warmer oriental-gourmand notes...instead, the fruit notes are more prominent to me in this rendition (the berries and black currant especially).
The leather scent becomes much more subdued as it wears, but it still has a dark quality to it. The addition of the animalic leather note is interesting, but I do find this version of Angel somewhat thinner and weaker-smelling overall. The most unfortunate part about this flanker, however, is that the combination of leather and black currant has an undeniable whiff of cat pee on my skin. This is the only version of Angel that hasn't really worked with my chemistry.
Just purchased this amazing fragrance! Another perfect Mugler offering. It's a definate "must-have" for Angel lovers.
There are some women who love the smell of leather. For my mother, the leather scent reminds her of riding horses when she was a young woman. I personally don't find it masculine, even it is a strong smell. I would love to try out this perfume, the notes are very interesting.
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I've read other posts about this theme but i didn't get the answer for Runtime Class creation.
That's all clear with runtime members - using XPClassInfo.CreateMember.
But how to create "runtime-class"?
I have a model of document classification. There are lot's of documents and lot's of document classes, that can be created and modified by user in runtime. User can add properties to his user-classes in runtime. Then user associates his document with specified User-Class and able to modify document properties in scope of specified class.
So the document property values of specified class must be stored in runtime-class table, that also can be modified or created in run-time.
So can you give me a guide of using RunTime classes. Should I inherit XPClassInfo? Or XPDataObjectClassInfo? What's the optimal way to implement it?
Hello Philipp,
Thank you for the question. You can create a persistent class at runtime using the following code:
using DevExpress.Xpo; using DevExpress.Xpo.Metadata; .... ReflectionDictionary dict = new ReflectionDictionary(); XpoDefault.Dictionary = dict; XPClassInfo ci = new XPDataObjectClassInfo(dict, <ClassName>); ci.CreateMember(...); ... dict.AddClassInfo(ci);
However, I should say that this is not the best way to introduce the necessary functionality because you will be able to add a new members to your classes, but you will not be able to remove these members. Unfortunately, there is no correct way to implement this functionality at the database level. As a solution to your task, I suggest that you simply create one base class named "Document" which will have one-to-many relation to a collection of its properties. Thus you will introduce more flexible model, in which you will be able to perform any modifications.
Please feel free to contact us if you need any further assistance. We will be happy to help you.
It's practicaly impossible to implement your suggestion about one-to-many relation between Document and its property values.
The fact is that there are tens of thousands of documents and there are lots of classess and properties. Each document has it's own property-values set - and application must perform queries by property values.
I'm going to store the model of runtime user-classes in the same database as XPO-static classes like DocumentClassInfo and DocumentPropertyInfo.
Then runtime user-persistent classes will be initialized from this model. And if user will remove some property from DocumentClassInfo - it wouldn't be physically removed from runtime-class table immediately. Physicall removing of deleted properties will be performed in action "Compress database" without help of XPO.
So, do you see some troubles, i'll have in implementation of this concept?
Hello Philipp,
Thank you for the feedback. Yes, with the described approach, I think it is possible to introduce the necessary functionality. However, in this instance you will need to control the database consistency programmatically yourself. Note that the database structure and the business objects model should be always synchronized.


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Clobex Lotion
FDA Approves New Psoriasis Drug Taltz »
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Psoriasis is a skin condition that causes patches of skin redness and flaking. Psoriasis is an autoimm"...
Clobex Lotion
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For the treatment of moderate to severe plaque psoriasis, localized lesions (less than 10% body surface area) that have not sufficiently improved after the initial 2-week treatment with CLOBEX® (clobetasol propionate) Lotion, 0.05% may be treated for up to 2 additional weeks. Any additional benefits of extending treatment should be weighed against the risk of HPA axis suppression before prescribing for more than 2 weeks.
Patients should be instructed to use CLOBEX® (clobetasol propionate) Lotion, 0.05% for the minimum amount of time necessary to achieve the desired results (see PRECAUTIONS).
Use in patients younger than 18 years of age is not recommended due to numerically high rates of HPA axis suppression (see PRECAUTIONS: Pediatric Use).
CLOBEX® Lotion, 0.05% should be applied to the affected skin areas twice daily and rubbed in gently and completely. (See INDICATIONS AND USAGE.)
CLOBEX® Lotion, 0.05% contains a super-high potent topical corticosteroid; therefore treatment should be limited to:
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The total dosage should not exceed 50 g (50 mL or 1.75 fl. oz.) per week because of the potential for the drug to suppress the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis.
Therapy should be discontinued when control has been achieved. If no improvement is seen within 2 weeks, reassessment of diagnosis may be necessary.
Use in pediatric patients younger than 18 years is not recommended because of numerically high rates of HPA axis suppression (See PRECAUTIONS: Pediatric Use).
Unless directed by physician, CLOBEX® Lotion, 0.05% should not be used with occlusive dressings.
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WPB REORGANIZED BY NELSON'S ORDER; Wilson, Krug, Davis, Cordiner and Batt Emerge as the Key Figures in New Set-Up
Special to THE NEW YORK TIMES. ();
March 23, 1943,
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WASHINGTON, March 22 -- Reorganization of the War Production Board has been ordered by its chairman, Donald M. Nelson, through a directive signed by Mr. Nelson Friday.
March 23, 1943
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Panama to Use Biofuel from 2013
The Biofuels Act provides that from April 2013 2% anhydrous ethanol will be incorporated into vehicle fuel.
Monday, May 28, 2012
By 2014 that percentage will increase to reach 5%. The progress in increasing the presence of ethanol in the fuel used by motorists will continue, reaching 7% in 2015, and 10% in 2016.
Panama: Shortage of Ethanol to Mix with Gasoline
August 2014
The country's ethanol producer has stopped supplying the additive to fuel distribution companies.
Sugar and Ethanol in Guatemala
August 2013
The sugar industry wants the government to pass legislation to mix ethanol into automotive fuel.
Industry Prepares for Increased Demand for Ethanol
September 2012
The new Panamanian Biofuels Act provides that from April 2013 a 2% of anhydrous bioethanol be incorporated into motor fuels.
Nicaragua increases ethanol production from sugar cane
August 2008
Daily production will surpass one million liters per day sometime between this year and the next, according to estimates from the Industrial Chamber of Nicaragua.
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Blood Diamonds Are Forever
Posted on Dec 7, 2006
By Sheerly Avni
Edward Zwick's socially conscious action thriller "Blood Diamond" clocks in at 2 hours, 19 minutes, and it's at least half an hour too long. Set against the backdrop of the 1991-2002 civil war in Sierra Leone, the movie crams in more gore than "Saw" and more sermonizing than a morning at "The 700 Club," all sweetened with a heavy dose of "thirtysomething"-esque tears and epiphany. The movie doesn't know if it wants to be a morality play, political lecture, adrenaline fix, love story, interracial buddy picture or corporate takedown, so it tries for all of the above. "Blood Diamond" is a schizophrenic mess.
It's also, thanks in no small part to the performances of its two male leads, one of the most powerful movies you will see this year.
"Blood Diamond" follows a plotline that echoes at least a dozen films, including "The Treasure of the Sierra Madre," "Casablanca" and the Indiana Jones trilogy. Leonardo DiCaprio plays Danny Archer, a mercenary-turned-diamond-smuggler from Zimbabwe (which he insists on calling Rhodesia), who has botched his most recent delivery. Archer needs his big score—now—and when he gets wind of the existence of a rare pink diamond buried in secret near a rebel mining operation, he decides that the diamond will be his ticket out. The only other person who knows its whereabouts is Solomon Vandy (played by Djimon Hounsou—"Gladiator," "Amistad"), a fisherman whose son has been kidnapped by the rebels. Vandy needs Archer to help find his son, Archer needs Vandy to take him to the diamond. Voila! A team-up is born.
But it's not really a team-up. Through most of the film, Vandy is Archer's virtual prisoner, and he has no time for his captor's phony attempts at camaraderie. "So you're a fisherman," says DiCaprio, trying to make small talk. "What do you catch?"
"Fish," answers Vandy curtly. And the conversation is over.
Just as the buddy movie isn't really a buddy movie, the thriller isn't really a thriller, because the narrow escapes that act as bonding points in the men-on-the-run sub-genre are not exciting so much as grueling. The men do dodge bullets together, but they are escaping slaughter, not fighting battles. It's action movie as horror show, complete with bayonets, bullet-riddled children, chopped limbs and, most chillingly, a harrowing subplot in which we watch Vandy's son, Dia (marvelous newcomer Caruso Kuypers), being slowly indoctrinated into the life of a child soldier.
These are the stakes, not just a boy's body but his soul. Hounsou, a former model from the tiny West African country of Benin, whose almost off-putting beauty has only recently settled into a more manageable handsomeness, commits wholly to the role. It is his performance as a man in search of his son, all the while resisting the smuggler's attempts to manipulate and control him, that almost single-handedly keep "Blood Diamond" from sailing off into pure cliche.
I say almost single-handedly because DiCaprio does well by Danny Archer. He too has finally outgrown the adolescent prettiness that marred his first attempts at serious roles (it's a pity "Gangs of New York" isn't being made now, because DiCaprio finally has the gravitas to carry it off), and here he is alternately calculating and cocky, with a killer lurking deep inside his narrowed eyes and a better person lurking deeper still. When Archer recognizes himself in Vandy's son, DiCaprio achieves the impossible: He gets in touch with his wounded inner child without making us hurl.
Jennifer Connelly has a much harder time. As Maddy Bowen, a driven American journalist who alienates her sources by lecturing them, Connelly alternately flirts with Archer and scolds him, interrupting occasionally to rant about the Horror That Is Africa, but mostly she just serves as a softening agent, a Downy to DiCaprio's starch. The more resonant quest is the one that binds the two men, and poor Connelly is left to provide redundant commentary for Eduardo's Serra's magnificent camera work. Serra pans out over a vast carpet of refugees at a camp: "This is what a million homeless people look like," Maddy intones solemnly, as if we couldn't see it ourselves onscreen. It's a thankless role, one that only becomes more so as her interactions with DiCaprio dwindle down into drawn-out silences, lingering looks—Connelly should begin writing "no concerned gazes" riders into her contracts—and one particularly desultory cellphone tete-a-tete in which both Bowen and Archer have other things to worry about besides their relationship, like maybe the bullets whizzing through the air around them.
Still, DiCaprio, Hounsou and Connelly commit so wholly to the struggles of their characters that we forgive them the excesses of the film in which they are trapped. Leave it to Maddy, in her American earnestness, to remind us why this movie matters: "People back home wouldn't buy a diamond," she says, "if they knew it cost someone a hand."
Sidebar: The PR Battle Over Blood Diamonds
When asking yourself about the potential power of a message movie, it's worth noting who is trying to keep that message from getting out. You might just go see "Blood Diamond" because the diamond industry so clearly doesn't want you to—- it has already spent millions of dollars to offset any negative publicity during the lucrative holiday shopping season, hiring a top Hollywood PR firm that specializes in scandals, and building a website to assure us that it's cleaned up its act.
The industry has even enlisted the help of rap mogul Russell Simmons to shill on its behalf and, as reported in the New York Times, had Nelson Mandela send a letter of concern to the president of Warner Brothers saying it would be "deeply regrettable" if "Blood Diamond" led to the "destabilization of African diamond producing countries." As the spin doctors would have it, rough diamonds are the key to the emerging African economies and the Kimberley Process, a "voluntary" agreement by the industry to police itself, has eliminated all but 1 percent of so-called conflict diamonds from the African export market.
The producers of "Blood Diamond" have taken care to assure us that they are not damning the industry itself, rather raising awareness of the need to make sure one does not buy conflict diamonds. But the film accurately casts De Beers, the Johannesburg- based company that is by far the most powerful entity in the diamond industry (called Van De Kamp in the movie) as its villain. De Beers' very existence is woven into the history of Apartheid South Africa and the colonization of the continent, and the Kimberly Process is still full of loopholes.
There are several options besides taking a "conflict-free" certification at face value, including Canadian-mined or synthetic stones. In history and in practice, the idea of an "ethical diamond" from Africa is still dubious at best, an oxymoron at worst.
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By aaaaaaa, November 12, 2010 at 1:41 pm Link to this comment
it's all to easy to wish the same things that trias and johnson preach on them in face of their sociopathic outlooks on human life
you two are such wretched cunts
By G.singh, August 6, 2010 at 9:23 am Link to this comment
I know a few people on here have said that they own blood diamonds, i really would apprciate it if sombody would tell me where i could find them as i have looked all over the internet to no avail. Thank you
By April, April 6, 2010 at 1:06 am Link to this comment
I'm sorry for those who disagree, but I must say I agree with you Kent. I came to this
By Eric, December 14, 2009 at 4:04 am Link to this comment
conflict diamond ? What about conflict oil > Are all you so blind that 1 movie gets you work up over a few diamonds . Lets talk about all the people who die over oil. Think about it the next time you fill up your car with gas. Open your minds and think a little people die every day so we can have the things we want .Are you sure that conflict Diamonds is a B/S story to keep someone else in control of the diamond market. Wake up people its not over the killing of people its over taking control of the market and the profits….same with the war in the mid-east its about oil and profits
By Eve, December 7, 2009 at 5:24 pm Link to this comment
Blood diamonds are a sad and very real story and the diamonds themselves may very well last forever. To me the countries that have blood diamonds coming from them need some real help from the U.N. if they are ever going to change as it must come from the Government or the people if it is to come!
By university student, November 6, 2009 at 11:04 pm Link to this comment
Im doing a paper on blood diamonds. although there are all sides to this argument it all comes down to one thing. People get massacred so our ladies can have a glimmering little rock on their hand. Children get their brains blown out for a luxury of ours. If it was your children, you would not support blood diamonds. If your children were dead because of a wedding going on thousands of miles away, I dont think you would see it as population control Trias. And people with war experience and what not, if you have the view that death happens all the time… Why bother serving our country? What do you care if someone comes into the US and doing to us what happens to them? Exactly. If thats truly how you view everyone life i feel that our forces are much better off without someone like you.
By Trias, September 1, 2009 at 2:26 pm Link to this comment
What is the big deal about "blood" diamonds? The person that was killed in the
BTW: All of you bible thumpers (I didn't capitalize it, ha ha) need to chill out and
By olivia, July 1, 2009 at 10:41 pm Link to this comment
I just don't understand why people with no experience are commenting. If you don't have facts about what is going on in Africa OR anywhere else, then why bother? I don't know what is going on in this world today, so I can only pray to God that things can be better.
By Johnson, March 1, 2009 at 3:03 pm Link to this comment
I am currently on my second deployment to Iraq and can speak from experience when I say who cares about a little violence. I have bought a conflict diamond from a market in Quatar and was quite pleased with it when I had it evaluated in the states. People die all the time and many die by the hands of people working either directly or indirectly for the United states. Whether through the armed forces defending you or through the multitude of violent acts carried out by the lowest bidder in order to get you the commodities you all so crave for, regardless of there source. The fact of the matter is the world is a cruel place and all of you left wing liberal wimps who have never left your mothers skirt tails should shut up and do something other than whine and comment on a blogs saying you support the most recent Hollywood travesty. I for one don't care if someone dies to make life better for me or put a bigger rock on my girls finger for unlike most of you I have killed and I realize that a human life isn't a sacred commodity. In case you wondered human life is a renewable resource.
By Sherri, December 28, 2007 at 1:50 am Link to this comment
I have read all of the statements above. I agree and disagree to all of them. Except wishing someone will burn in hell,don't agree with that. The truth is none of us can state anything about anything, until we experience it. Africa, vietnam, drive by shootings, rape, random killings. We can just go on day by day and try to make the best of what we can. We could make a difference as a whole but I'm afraid that will never happen. Like Jennifer Connelly states in the movie, "you can be a sinic" or maybe she should have said "you can be a sinic or just do what you are able to do and that will make you feel good about yourself" There is a saying that I hate but it is true. At the end of the day what are you feeling. The next day change what made you feel bad about. When you die it is just you who has to face what you have done or not done.
By Stout, August 20, 2007 at 5:08 am Link to this comment
One more thing Jessica, nice touch praying that someone goes to hell. Bet you learned that in Bible Camp, huh?
By Stout, August 20, 2007 at 5:05 am Link to this comment
Jessica, women shouldn't be treated as 3rd class citizens, I agree. But a man shouldn't have to buy a woman a diamond ring in order for her to commit to him.
Engagement rings are the most absurd aspect of so-called "romance." Any woman who "needs" anything more than a wedding band to say "I do," is a whore. She's basically saying, "I'm a human being, a lovin and respectable woman, but you can buy me." And any guy who can't argue his way out of buying a ring instead of emphasizing marriage or just true love itself over weddings is a pussy.
Women are too concerned with their WEDDING to realize what kind of MARRIAGE they're going to have. Guys care about whether a woman's gonna be good for the long haul. Most women only care about money and a day. That's why I'll probably do the Kurt Russell and Goldie Hawn thing. They've been together for a LONG time, live together, and have kids. How'd they do that without a wedding, you ask? They love each other. And apparently there are some women who grow up and get over their Cinderella and Snow White fantasies. Prince Charming is gay, get over it or marry your beard.
By kent, June 18, 2007 at 1:02 pm Link to this comment
its very basic west african stones are very nice. and thats right i could care less how they are mined or by whom ,and for that purpose who benefits from their sales. so yall watched a movie and the liberals of my once great nation jumps on another "global" cause. face it the world sucks…im proud to announce that my iraqi PMC check paid for a great engagement stone….and a lower cost than you can imagine…there has always been an exploited africa and there always will be, no matter i wonder how much cash made from the movie went into helping the little people it portrays…i know my $3500 helped a nice man from monrovia, cheers and dude lay off offending the females that was some rightous b/s and completely inacurate…
By jessica, May 14, 2007 at 12:13 pm Link to this comment
This is to andy how could you say that! the only thiong that i can do for you is pray…pray that you you go to hell you basterd. we should treat women as 3rd class. obviously you have never had a women and i can see why…YOU ARE AN ASS WHOLE!!!!same goes for bob wilson the 2 of you are lower then shit. the both of you will BURN IN HELL for how inconsiderate of others you are. i pray for both of you to get the evil that is in both of you out.
By MDG, April 7, 2007 at 8:32 pm Link to this comment
To 58465 on 3/13
ARe you illiterate? "Them diamonds"? How about "those diamonds".
By Andy, March 27, 2007 at 3:09 pm Link to this comment
I agree with Mr. Wilson. The way I see it, the killing is going to happen if we buy them or not. If they don't kill each other over the diamonds, then it will be over something else. If you really want to stop the killing, we should start treating all women like they're 3rd class citizens and are not worthy of receiving any gifts at all. That way, they'll be ever so grateful when they are given a spider ring from a Cracker Jack Box. The only reason that diamonds are so valubale is because women want them, men want women, and that's the price we have to pay to make these self-absorbed whores happy. It's not the diamonds we value. It's the reprieve from ball-busting we receive when we give one to a woman…. however short that reprieve may be.
By firstname.lastname@example.com, March 21, 2007 at 7:27 am Link to this comment
By Jane Suger, March 13, 2007 at 8:06 pm Link to this comment
BOB WILSON! That could possibly be the most inconsiderate thing i have ever heard. The fact that you don't even care after knowing how these conflict diamonds come about is absurd. It's disgusting to see your obvious stupidity in not caring about anything happening in the world. How would you feel knowing your wearing a diamond that has probably resulted in the life of someone being taken. I hope you think twice before buying a conflict diamond, and if you still do, pray to god you don't go to hell. =)
By Blood Diamonds, March 13, 2007 at 7:52 pm Link to this comment
Bob Wilson! you pathetic low life scum! I hope you die i hope you die while trying to get them diamonds in a car crash or getting jacked and stabbed serveral times. If you watched the movie and understand what happens in order to get them diamonds then you wouldnt have be SUCH A PRICK! In your next life i hope you are born in a blood diamond conflict in africa and see what happens to you. You racist cheap selfish low life pathetic inconsiderate retard!
Hope who ever them diamonds go on gets cursed!
By Bob Wilson, December 31, 2006 at 12:11 am Link to this comment
I'm tired of spending thousands on overpriced stones. I am very well aware of conflict stones and the problems stemming from their deployment in global commerce. However, I simply do not care. I've searched the internet, and does anyone here know where I can buy conflict "blood" diamonds?? I'd imaging they'd be cheaper than the overpriced ones controlled by DeBeers, and other companies. If anyone has a link, etc, let me know. I'd rather fund rebels than put any money in DeBeers coffers.
By D Deans, December 13, 2006 at 5:42 am Link to this comment
The "conflict" over diamonds is a bunch of media hype—the press can't resist the contrast between violence in Africa and the love that diamonds represent.
By Ed Grey, December 11, 2006 at 1:59 am Link to this comment
The demand for diamonds is as synthetic as a cubic zirconium - created by advertising many years ago. Diamonds are not a traditional gem for engagement rings. Famous women celebrities were first paid to be seen wearing diamonds in the early years of the 20th century.
By Joan Kuyek, December 8, 2006 at 2:10 pm Link to this comment
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[Date Index]
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Re: Mathematica 8 docs online now!
Armand Tamzarian wrote on 17-Nov-10 :
> On Nov 16, 10:13 pm, Oliver Ruebenkoenig <ruebe... at wolfram.com> wrote:
>> Here is something you can try.
>> Graphics -> New Graphics
>> Open the drawing tools (Graphics->Drawing Tools)
>> Select, for example the text insert. Write 1+1 into the Graphics, select
>> it an use Evaluation -> Evaluate in Place.
>> Maye it is useful to you,
>> Oliver
> here's a video along those lines:
> http://www.wolfram.com/broadcast/screencasts/mathematicaasawhiteboard/
Thanks for your answers.
I was aware of that, too (it was pointed out by some other NG member
the last time I had my rant here :-) ).
Still, (to me) this is just a workaround.
Nobody would use a graphic cell to write text and place input if they
were not forced to by the lack of alternative.
What I feel the lack of is a _native_ way to arrange the flow in a
two-dimensional layout. (With native I mean: a collection of
consecutive cells in a notebook arranged on two or more columns; not a
graphic cell containg the picture of a two-column layout).
And it surprise me that in 2010 Mathematica is actually able to speak,
read and understand plain English but still lacks a *basic* function
that was already old hat in my 1995 word-processor.
I understand that Mathematica is not a WP, but it seems to me that
producing professional-looking technical documents is one of its stated
goals. The fact that in 2010 the Front-end developers are still making
users resort to these 'tricks' makes me wonder how difficult it must be
to implement such a feature in the complex Mathematica front-end.
As for why one would need a multiple column layout, I'll answer in my
forthcoming post.
Thanks for your help, anyway.


text:
Latex paint flexible?
I have a friend who just did a fine art painting using some sort of latex as a ground. She then painted her somewhat thick oils over the latex. I don't want to atagonize her by asking exactly what paint she used.
I'm thinking it's not good craft to paint oils over 'latex' as the oils could eventually peel or crack.
Am I correct?
thanks in advance,
Though you do have a valid point (it could be an issue in some circumstances), there are some latex products that are commonly used as an underbody for oils
Thanks for a quick reply!
I have been considering buying a painting from this artist, but I think I won't because she's vague about how she does things. I don't want to pay for something that has a limited lifespan.
And I see I goofed with my first post, oops, I'll be more careful in the future. Such a great place! I just bought a house that was built in '72, it needs everything! I might have some questions...
People apply oil based paints over latex primers all the time.
It's true that if this were a working surface, putting oil over latex isn't a good idea because that's putting a hard film over a soft one, and the result is that the hard film will be more inclined to "chip" off if it gets hit or impacted by something hard.
But, a painting isn't a working surface. You're not going to be storing pots and pans or stacks of dishes on it, you won't be walking or doing things on the surface of the painting.
In my view, what this artist has done is no different than putting oil based paint over a latex primer, and that's common. I'd only be concerned if this were a working surface.
preparing a canvas
In art school we coated the canvas with Gesso. Applying oil paint directly on the canvas can actually eat through the canvas. I believe that the Gesso was latex based. None of my paintings has had problems with cracking or peeling, even after being stored in extreme temperature conditions. I wouldn't worry about the oil on top of a latex coated canvas. This method is used by most artists.
Gesso is specifically designed to be a ground. I'm thinking a bright red latex could be a slick surface without 'tooth' to hold the paint.
A dead flat red latex would have tooth like a crocodile.
Absolutely. This person ran a framing shop for twenty years, then started painting four years ago, self taught. Tooth and other mechanical needs of painting, the craft of painting, needs to be learned from books or a quality teacher. I've asked twice what kind of paint is the ground, and not gotten a satisfactory answer. Someone who's even just glanced through Mayer or any other technique book would know, but not a self taught painter relying on other un-knowlegible people selling art supplies or house paint.
End of rant!! I once was asked, by a very sweet old lady, how large portrait of her grandchildern could be fixed. It looked awful. Broad areas of black that were cracked and peeling. Very sad. And unnecessary.
OK, thank you for your post,
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Fate of outstanding tax measures
Government announcement
On 14 December 2013, the Assistant Treasurer announced the outcome of the review concerning whether or not 64 unenacted tax and superannuation measures would proceed.
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The Government had previously announced on 6 November 2013 that of 92 unenacted tax and superannuation measures, 18 measures would proceed, three would be amended and seven would not proceed (refer to the Deloitte Tax Road Ahead publication for details).
The remaining 64 measures were to be subject to an expedited review involving consultation between the Board of Taxation, its advisory panel and stakeholders to determine whether or not they should proceed.
Although the Government had earlier indicated that it had "a disposition not to proceed" with all of those 64 measures, the Government has now announced that following the consultation:
- 16 of the measures will proceed, with no net financial impact over the forward estimates
- 48 measures will not proceed, at a net revenue cost of $67.9 million over the forward estimates.
Deloitte comment
We welcome the decision to proceed with many of the unenacted measures. While all of the 64 measures were originally announced to address a particular issue, some were generally regarded as being more important than others. So, for example, many taxpayers will be pleased to see that the reform of the debt/equity integrity rule (section 974-80) will proceed.
On the other hand, a number of measures that have been abandoned were eagerly awaited by taxpayers. For example, it is disappointing that the proposed controlled foreign company (CFC) reforms have been abandoned.
There is no doubt that a legislative backlog of tax and superannuation measures, such as that which has just been reviewed by the Government, creates uncertainty and compliance costs for business. It is to be hoped that in the future the Government and stakeholders can develop a more efficient way to design, develop and implement tax policy changes, particularly as we look forward to a wide-ranging tax reform process with the development of the Government's tax reform white paper.
Proceed as announced
The Government will proceed with the following measures:
- Debt/equity tax rules ─ limiting scope of integrity rule (reform of section 974-80)
- Instalment warrants – income tax treatment and look-through treatment of instalment warrants and similar arrangements
- Loss recoupment rules ─ multiple classes of shares. Superannuation tracing rules will be incorporated into this measure
- Functional currency rules ─ extending the range of entities that can use a functional currency
- Philanthropy ─ reforming the 'in Australia' requirements that apply to tax exempt entities.
Capital gains tax (CGT)
- Strengthening certain integrity provisions in the scrip-for-scrip roll-over
- Look-through treatment for earn out arrangements
- Minor amendments ensuring the proper functioning of the CGT provisions ─ life insurance policies; and broadening the exemptions for certain compensation payments and insurance policies
- Minor amendments ensuring the proper functioning of the CGT provisions ─ restructure roll-overs; amendment to include concessional treatment for revenue assets and trading stock; and amendment to the revenue asset and trading stock roll-overs for interposing a company.
Taxation of financial arrangements (TOFA)
- Amendments to tax hedging rules
- Foreign currency regulations ─ technical and compliance cost savings amendments.
Goods and Services Tax (GST)
- Cross-border transactions ─ 'connected with Australia' rules
- Government response to Board of Taxation report: GST administration ─ reverse charge for going concerns and farm land supplied for farming.
- Greater certainty in relation to fund mergers
- Unlawful payments from regulated superannuation funds ─ promotion of illegal early release schemes
- Self-managed superannuation funds ─ administrative directions and penalties.
In the case of the debt/equity integrity measure, the Assistant Treasurer indicated that the design of the measure will be considered as part of the post-implementation review of the debt/equity provisions, currently being conducted by the Board of Taxation. In the case of the TOFA amendments to the tax hedging rules and foreign currency regulations measures, the design of those measures will be considered as part of a broader TOFA review to be conducted by Treasury in the second half of 2014.
Will not proceed
The 48 measures that the Government has decided will not proceed include (amongst others) the following:
International tax
- Review of the foreign source income anti-tax-deferral (attribution) regimes
- Taxation exemptions for foreign governments (sovereign immunity).
Corporate tax
- Securities lending arrangements tax rules – extending the scope to address insolvency issues
- Off-market share buybacks ─ implementing the Board of Taxation recommendations
- Completion of the rewrite of the simplified imputation integrity rules
- Consolidation ─ calculation and collection of income tax liabilities. The Government indicated that it will refer issues related to multiple-entry consolidated (MEC) groups for consideration by the ongoing MEC group review
- Consolidation ─ operation of the rules following a demerger
- Improvements to the company loss recoupment rules – correction of minor technical issues
- Uniform capital allowance regime ─ technical changes
- Bad debts ─ ensuring consistent treatment in related-party financing arrangements (symmetric treatment of bad debts.
Research and development tax incentive
- Quarterly credits.
Venture capital
- Venture Australia ─ enhancing taxation arrangements in respect of venture capital.
Goods and Services Tax (GST)
- Government response to Board of Taxation report: GST administration ─ review multi-party transactions
- Government response to Board of Taxation report: GST administration ─ simplify grouping rules; allow registration and grouping of holding companies
- Government response to Board of Taxation report: GST administration ─ clarify treatment of tax law partnerships.
- Not-for-profit sector reforms ─ better targeting not-for-profit tax concessions. Although this measure will not proceed, the Government indicated that it will explore simpler alternatives to address the risks to revenue
- Superannuation reforms ─ encouraging the take-up of deferred lifetime annuities. Although this measure will not proceed, the Assistant Treasurer indicated that the Government will soon consider the unnecessary barriers to the development of longevity insurance products, as part of a broader review of the regulatory arrangements for retirement income streams.
The Government confirmed that it is developing a legislative measure to protect taxpayers who may have self-assessed on the basis of an announced measure that will no longer proceed. Deloitte will be monitoring how the Government intends to protect taxpayers in this situation and will provide further information as it becomes available.
Next steps
The Government intends that the bulk of legislation should be passed by the Parliament during 2014. It is noteworthy that the Government had previously flagged the ambitious target of legislating the relevant unenacted measures by 1 July 2014. Given that the number of unenacted measures which will proceed has been expanded, the legislative timetable has been deferred


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Using MyOwnBiz
BPL Catalog
In Brooklyn
Let Us Know
At MyOwnBiz you'll find lots of information and resources to help you get your own biz started. The way to use the site depends on where you are in your biz planning and the goals that you have for your biz. The site is organized to give visitors quick and easy access to what they need for their specific situation. Here's how it's organized:
Five Biz Startup Sections
Five sections of the site are devoted to the steps you must take to start your biz. Each section includes an overview of the topic, lists and links to useful resources as well as interactive tools to help you learn more about starting a biz.
Getting Started
This section is all about the first steps you need to take to start your own biz. You'll find information on:
Figuring out what biz is the right one for you
Getting the education you need to run a small biz
Where to find forms you need to run a biz legally in NYC and New York State
A survey to help you figure out if you have the skills needed to start your own biz
Where's the Money?
You can't start a biz without money. So where will you get the money? That's what this section helps you figure out. Here you can check out:
Places you can contact to help you raise the money you need
Information on how to set money goals
Interactive tools that help you figure out how much money you need to get started, the amount of money you'll need each month to keep you biz running and how to price your services
Know Your Market
You might have the most incredible biz idea, but if you haven't figured out the who and where of your customers, there is a good chance you won't see success. In this section, you can find out:
Who you should target as your customers
How to find out about them how many there are, where they live, their interests, etc.
How to learn about your competition so you can do a better job at getting customers
What questions to ask in a customer survey
Sell It!
is an important part of any biz. You need to create a buzz so that people will want to buy what you are selling. This section:
Offers ideas on how to get the word out
Helps you set up a
marketing plan
Gives you a tool to create biz cards and flyers
Helps you set up a marketing calendar
Gives you a chance to develop a marketing strategy
Put It All Together
biz plan
is the document you put together to bring to the bank and other potential lenders to let them know why they should lend you money for your biz. In this section of the site, you can gather the information you need to create your biz plan. It includes:
Developing a
mission statement
for your biz
The pieces of a marketing plan
Links to biz plans of other
What's Your Biz?
Check out this section to learn about the successes and failures of other small biz entrepreneurs. There is information on eight different businesses.
Beauty salon
Child care
Web design
For each, you will find:
An interview with someone in the biz
Information on what it takes to go into the biz
Checklists to help you find what you have and what you need
Resources to learn more about the biz
Do It Yourself
DIY is where you can try things out for yourself. You can try out a variety of materials that will help you learn about starting a biz. Each of the five main sections includes at least one of these tools. Here's the full list:
Getting Started: Do You Have What it Takes?
Take this survey to find out if you have the skills you need to become a small biz owner
Getting Started: Ask the Lawyer
Find out what questions you should ask a lawyer before you start your new biz
Getting Started: Ask the Accountant
Llearn what to ask an accountant before you start your own biz
Where's the Money: How Much is Enough?
Find out the costs of starting your own biz
Where's the Money: Cash Now Cash Later
Learn how to keep track of your expenses each month to make sure you have enough
Where's the Money: The Price is Right?
Use this tool to figure out how much to charge for your product or service
Know Your Market: Know the Customer
Select questions to ask customers to find out what they would like from a biz
Sell It!: Design Your Biz Card
Use our template to create a biz card
Sell It!: Your Marketing Calendar
Set up a calendar for the marketing you will do for your biz
Sell It!: What's Your Strategy?
Set your goals for your biz
Sell It!: On the Fly
Create a flyer to advertise your biz
Putting It All Together: What's the Plan?
Develop a mini-biz plan
that you can bring to possible funders
Throughout the site you'll find certain words and phrases highlighted. Click on them to read the definition.
Library Catalog
On every page of the site you'll find a link to the Brooklyn Public Library catalog. Click on it, and you'll be able to search Brooklyn Public Library's collection and find books, magazines and more.
In Brooklyn
Check out this section to find local organizations and resources that can help you start your biz.
©2005 Brooklyn Public Library


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the most metal tuning on any guitar. It involves removing the wooden part of the guitar completely by taking off the strings and burning the rest of the guitar. you then wave the strings in the air and the resulting noise is too metal to be heard
by hfudncxjbfjdsahnjivsdh August 09, 2008
The vengeful act of crapping on a lover's chest while they sleep.Buy the plush


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ETAPS 2017: 22-29 April 2017, Uppsala, Sweden
ETAPS conferences accept two types of contributions: research papers and tool demonstration papers. Both types will appear in the proceedings and have presentations during the conference.
ESOP and FoSSaCS accept only research papers. TACAS has more categories, see http://www.etaps.org/2017/tacas.
A condition of submission is that, if the submission is accepted, one of the authors attends the conference to give the presentation.
Submitted papers must be in English presenting original research. They must be unpublished and not submitted for publication elsewhere (this does not apply to abstracts). In particular, simultaneous submission of the same contribution to multiple ETAPS conferences is forbidden. The proceedings will be published in the Advanced Research in Computing and Software Science (ARCoSS) subline of Springer's Lecture Notes in Computer Science series.
Papers must follow the formatting guidelines specified by Springer at
and be submitted electronically in pdf through the Easychair author interface of the respective conference.
Submissions not adhering to the specified format and length may be rejected immediately.
FASE will use a light-weight double-blind review process as in 2016. Authors are asked to omit their names and institutions; refer to prior work in the third person, just as prior work by others; not to include acknowledgements that might identify them.
FASE, FOSSACS and TACAS have a page limit of 15 pp for research papers (excl bibliography of max 2 pp), whereas POST allows at most 20 pp (excl bibliography of max 2 pp) and ESOP has a page limit of 25 pp (excl bibliography of max 2 pp).
Additional material intended for reviewers but not for publication in the final version - for example, details of proofs - may be placed in a clearly marked appendix that is not included in the page limit. ETAPS reviewers are at liberty to ignore appendices and papers must be understandable without them.
In addition to regular research papers, TACAS solicits also case study papers (at most 15 pp, excl bibliography of max 2 pp).Both TACAS and FASE solicit also regular tool papers (at most 15 pp, excl bibliography of max 2 pp).
The rationale of a separate page limit for the bibliography is to remove the possibility to win space for the body of paper by cutting the bibliography, a practise that has a negative effect on our competitiveness as a community.
Submissions should consist of two parts:
ESOP and FOSSACS do not accept tool demonstration papers.
We have 70 guests and no members online


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Madonna has released a new preview clip of one of the songs on her upcoming new album M.D.N.A. which is due to hit stores on March 26. Today we get to hear a little over a minute of her song I Don't Give A. While many of Madonna's other songs on M.D.N.A. might have differing meanings, the lyrics of I Don't Give A make it plainly obvious that the song was inspired by and is meant for Maddy's ex husband Guy Ritchie. Take a listen below and get your first taste of I Don't Give A.
At first, the song's syncopation reminded me a bit of Madonna's song American Life (I'm drinkin' a soy latte / I get a double shotte) but then the song gives way to a more melodic vibe. The lyrics, I tried to be a your wife / Diminished myself / And I swallowed my light, make it very clear that Madonna is singing to her ex husband (who she seems to resent … a lot). I don't know that this song will make a good single, per se, but I'm sure the catharsis was positive for our dear Madge. I understand we will get more preview snippets thruout the weekend so … stay tuned. As for I Don't Give A … what do y'all think? Do you like it? Do you give a F?


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German Shepherd Dog Forums (http://www.germanshepherds.com/forum/)
- Puppy Behavior (http://www.germanshepherds.com/forum/puppy-behavior/)
- - dog wont go for walks anymore (http://www.germanshepherds.com/forum/puppy-behavior/432337-dog-wont-go-walks-anymore.html)
dog wont go for walks anymore
So my 6month gsd went for walks well with a choke collar and e collar before. Now we decided to go all positive training. She mauled me on a regular harness while walking but new trainer suggested the "gentel leader" (head harness) to control her when she starts maulling. She stopped mauling while walking and I give her high value treats and all has been well for a few weeks. Now all the sudden I walk her and when we get one house away she stops and wont continue. If I try a treat to get her to go she lays down and wont move until I head home. I dont understand what is going on. She needs the exercise. As soon as I head home she will follow. There are a lot of dogs in the neighborhood so she hears them in their houses barking but it never seemed to bother her before so I cant say thats the problem. She does the same when I try to get her to go in her crate. She is getting too smart. How do I get her moving?
254 Attachment(s)
What exactly do you mean my mauling.... ?
Jump up and starts to attack my arm and wont let go like in shutzhund.
I'm going to describe what my puppy was like, it seems similar to yours in some ways. This is how he was, now he is fine and enjoys walks.
so he would cry and whine as soon as we started up the drive way, and when we were moving a few houses down he would stop and sit or lay down. at first I thought he was tired but if I started moving back to the house he would get up and lead the way. also, if he saw a car or people in either direction he would suddenly want to get moving again. I used to give in but he would then have so much energy at the house I started deciding I would make him walk since I knew it wasn't because he was tired.
so the first thing I tried was walking ahead where I wanted to go, and if he lay down I would walk until the leash was extended and wait with my back to him. this was pretty effective I have to say, he hated being ignored and he would run over to me. so it was kind of start stop start stop start stop but the stops got less and less and then he stopped the silliness altogether.
sometimes these days he'll plop down and want to roll in grass or flowers or chew on a stick, which is fine but when he starts spending a long time with me standing there I just start applying more and more pressure on his leash. I didn't want to apply this pressure to his neck so I got him a body harness. that way I can pretty much lift him to his feet on the occasions when he ignores a moderate pull.
so I definitely get you about a dog having no energy one way, and a bundle of energy going back home. your dog is older and may not care if you turn your back but I would try that first. if she doesn't care if you stand with your back to her for long times then get a harness and simply pick her up and pull her a little. don't pull if she's only wearing a neck collar.
my guy is 1000% better than he was a few weeks ago and now positively loves going for walks.
also, definitely check out what more experienced GS owners post
Try a prong collar, with harnesses you have no control. The prong should be fitted high on the neck, below the ears and the non-prong area should be positioned at the trachea. Or try a regular flat collar with a muzzle.
Some dogs also go through a fear period and some just prefer being at home. I would drive your dog to a new areas and walk around there.
It sounds like your dog has not had fun experiences walking (choke collar and e collar), I know you are trying to be more positive, but do you let your dog stop and smell, let it enjoy the walk a bit? Are you relaxed or tense?
I have her on a gentle leader harness which hooks in the front with a leash and the head harness with another leash because im afraid of losing her with just the head harness until I can trust that the head harness is reliable by itself in case we run into some extreme situation. Ive tried coaxing her with cheese chicken brunsweiger training treats beggin strips etc. No luck. I tried walking ahead to the end of the leash wont budge. I tried picking her up off to standing position and she lays back down. I cant bring a ball because she will just want to play and we wont get anywhere. Im out of ideas.
Glad to hear you've gotten the mauling under control.
Apselbear thats really funny! Lol lol lol
Gretchen gave some good advice. when Tiger was going through his not-want-to-walk phase sometimes I just drove him to the park and he was all game for walking there.
I guess when they know home is close sometimes they just want to get back there. at the park he had no idea where home was so he forgot about it and enjoyed the experience (I'm guessing).
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A police van drove through a crowd of protesters demonstrating against the NATO summit in Chicago on Saturday, striking several people. Saturday saw hundreds of protesters winding through the streets of Chicago ahead of the opening of the NATO summit on Sunday with protesters accusing the police of heavy-handed tactics. Organisers are hoping for thousands to rally on Sunday as Occupy and the anti-war coalition join forces.
The above video shows a van passing through the crowd, after which a person is seen lying on the ground. There were several reports of a woman being seriously injured after she was struck by a van, though it is unclear if the above video shows this particular incident.
Police van just ran down protesters on jackson bridge, medics being called
This video shows a protester being carried away to an ambulance, although it is unclear who exactly the protester is. About 55 seconds into the video a CNN reporter at the scene is being heckled by protesters shouting 'CNN is propaganda'.
Source: wstmcatch22 Embed Code
Another dramatic video of a police van pushing a protester through the crowd during Saturday night's protest in Chicago made the rounds via Twitter.
Source: Bone7Thug99 Embed Code
The protester in the above video was identified by several sources as Jack Amico, and Occupy Wall Street protester from New York. The Twitter account of Occupy Chicago alerted that he was being treated at Northwestern Hospital.
Just to clarify, we are certain that after #JackAmico was hit, he was hospitalized then arested? @OccupyWallStNYC
Others close to Amico said that he was released later in the night without any charges.
@TesselizaTC yes Jack was initially charged with battery on police officer, then released when fbi determined it was innacurate info.
This video from NBC Chicago shows Amico pushed by the van from a different angle. Some have questioned whether he was in fact deliberately trying to block the path of the van.
Source: NBC Chicago


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Jan I Feb I Mar I Apr | May | June | July | Aug | Oct I Nov I Dec
01 January 2012 New Year, New People!
A New Years welcome to Professor David Phillips who has recently joined us from the Institute of Cancer Research.
01 January 2012 Professor Kelly on the World Service
Professor Kelly spoke to the BBC World Service programme 'Health Check' in December 2011 about the smog in Beijing and it's effect on the populations health.
01 January 2012 Professor Kelly appointed COMEAP Chairman
Professor Kelly has recently been appointed as Chairman of the Committee for the Medical Aspects of Air Pollution (COMEAP)
13 January 2012 Professor Williams in Science
Professor Williams, as part of an international collaboration, publishes in Science on how to target pollution sources to slow global warming.
16 January 2012 Professor Kelly on Olympic Air Quality
Professor Kelly comments on The Independent newspapers story about possible air quality issues during the Olympics.
18 January 2012 ERG Flying High - Again!
Staff in the Environmental Research Group have been successful in applying for more NERC-funded flying time over London
19 January 2012 London 2012 unveils Anti-Doping Laboratory
LOCOG unveils the WADA accredited anti-doping laboratory which will operate during the London 2012 Games (led by a partnership between GSK and King's).
24 January 2012 Professor Rappaport at King's
Professor Steve Rappaport of Berkeley will give a seminar in the Division on 22 February 2012.
24 January 2012 Fingerprinting a fingerprint
Dr Barron, Dr Smith and Elizabeth Gilchrist's new paper has been chosen for promotion on the front cover of Analyst (Royal Society of Chemistry).
24 January 2012 ERG work featured on Inside Out London
Staff from the Environmental Research Group were featured as part of the prime time BBC show 'Inside Out London' which aired on 23 Jan 2012.
Back to top
3 February 2012 Editorship of Science & Justice (Elsevier) comes to AES
Dr Leon Barron of the Forensic Sciences Group is elected editor of the Journal of Science & Justice.
16 February 2012 Prof Kelly speaking in BrigtonProfessor Frank Kelly will be speaking at the Brighton Science Festival on the topic of 'Invisible Dust' on Saturday 18 February 2012.
21 February 2012 BBC Article on Climate ChangeBBC Environment Correspondent Richard Black reports on the results of a Science paper co-authored by the Divisions Professor Williams.
05 March 2012 Latest Issue of AirMail
The latest issue of ERG's AirMail newsletter contains stories on the Sustainable City Awards 2012, the Rewired State Hackday at the GLA, Camden's new Air Quality Strategy and many other interesting articles.
06 March 2012 Modelling of Olympics Air Quality
Outputs from the Modelling Team of the Environmental Research Group feature in a TFL Report which is featured on the BBC News website.
16 March 2012 Dr Fuller comments in The Guardian
Dr Gary Fuller provides expert insight into a Guardian newspaper article on London's recent high levels of air pollution.
05 April 2012 Dr Kicman comments on green tea doping claims
Dr Andrew Kicman of the Drug Control Centre commented on a news story that green tea could be used to hide testosterone from standard tests used to spot it.
12 April 2012 Drug Control Centre's Olympic work reported by CNN
20 April 2012 Division staff feature in Guardian Air Pollution video
24 April 2012 WADA approve AES led anti-doping Olympics lab
24 April 2012 Seal of approval for Anti-Doping Lab
The London Organising Committee for the Olympic and Paralympic Games (LOCOG) today marked the successful accreditation of the London 2012 Anti-Doping Laboratory.
25 April 2012 ERG provide data for BBC article on London pollution
9 May 2012 Tackling international air pollution
12 June 2012 Diesel fumes classified as carcinogenic
Dr Volker Arlt was a member of the WHO International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), which today classified diesel engine exhaust as carcinogenic to humans
9 July 2012 Dr Barron awarded PGCAP Prize
Dr Leon Barron was recently awarded first prize for his paper as part of the King's Postgraduate Certificate in Academic Practice.
15 July 2012 Prof Kelly in The IndependantProfessor Kelly talked to The Independant about possible Supreme Court action faced by the government over air pollution
16 July 2012 Prof Kelly in The Guardian
Professor Kelly commented on an article for The Guardian about how Olympic athletes could be impaired by London air pollution
24 July 2012 Prof Kelly in The Independant
Professor Kelly comments on an article in The Independant about exercising and the effect of air pollution on this.
25 July 2012 King's-GSK Olympics Lab to test 6,250 Samples
As part of the Drug Control Centre's work as the official drug testing facility of the London 2012 Olympic Games, more than 150 scientists will analyse a record number of samples.
25 July 2012 Jill Kucab wins UKEMS Award
Jill Kucab recently won a prize for the Best Oral Presentation Award at the Annual Meeting of the United Kingdom Environmental Mutagen Society (UKEMS)
25 July 2012 Olympics Anti-Doping lab featured on Newsnight
The BBC show NewsNight features the Drug Control Centre and has an interview with Professor David Cowan.
27 July 2012 Air pollution website & app for Games visitors
A breath of fresh air for Games visitors and athletes as ERG launch updated website and air pollution apps
9 August 2012 ClearfLo Project featured in Planet Earth Online
The ClearfLo project which is a collaberation between the Division's Environmental Research Group and Reading University is featured.
7 October 2012 Should diesel cars be banned from cities? Pollutionwatch: Is urban cycling bad for our health? Dr Gary Fuller's regular series for the Guardian
9 October 2012 Breathe' animation brings air pollution research to life
An animation of a small boy breathing, created by acclaimed artist Dryden Goodwin in collaboration with King's air pollution expert Professor Frank Kelly, will illuminate London's Westminster skyline this month.
25 October 2012 An artist's impression of London's air pollution problem
Monet painted some his best impressionist pictures of the smog-bound Thames and the Houses of Parliament from a second-floor terrace at St Thomas's Hospital. Today they are recognised as pretty accurate representations of London's air pollution at the end of the 19th century.
28 October 2012 Prof Kelly & Prof Williams contribute to London Remade
Members of the Environmental Research Group contribute to the London Remade debate about air quality in London.
30 November 2012 Integrating science and policy to address the impact of air pollution
An article in the journal Science, co-authored by Professor Martin Williams of the Environmental Research Group (ERG) at King's College London, examines how science and policy have addressed air pollution effects on human health, ecosystems and climate change in Europe.
5 December 2012 Great Smog 60 years on: 'New laws needed to clean London's air'
Sixty years ago thick smog descended on London, contributing to the deaths of an estimated 4,000 people. The four-day "pea-souper", while worse than usual, was a familiar experience for Londoners. Visibility was so poor buses and taxis ground to a halt, forcing commuters to hurry underground to use the Tube.
6 December 2012 David Phillips receives the United Kingdom Molecular Epidemiology Award 2012
On November 30 2012 the United Kingdom Molecular Epidemiology Group (UKMEG; www.meguk.org) held a workshop entitled "Design of Future Molecular Epidemiology Studies and New Biomarkers" at the Waterloo Conference Centre in London.
18 December 2012 Professor Cowan becomes FKC
In recognition of his outstanding contributions to the science of drug testing and control, highlighted by the London 2012 Olympics, King's college have recently awarded Professor Cowan the title of 'Fellow of King's College' .
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