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Coat of Arms of Her Majesty's Government
|Department overview
|Preceding Department
|Superseding agency
|Government of the United Kingdom
|War Office building
|Department executive
|Parent Department
|HM Government
The Admiralty formerly known as the Office of the Admiralty and Marine Affairs,[1] was the government department[2][3] responsible for the command of the Royal Navy first in the Kingdom of England, second in the Kingdom of Great Britain, and from 1801-1964 [4] the United Kingdom and former British Empire. Originally exercised by a single person, the Lord High Admiral, the Admiralty was, from the early 18th century onwards, almost invariably put "in commission" and exercised by the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty, who sat on the Board of Admiralty.
In 1964, the functions of the Admiralty were transferred to a new Admiralty Board, which is a committee of the tri-service Defence Council of the United Kingdom and part of the Navy Department [5] of the Ministry of Defence. The new Admiralty Board meets only twice a year, and the day-to-day running of the Royal Navy is controlled by a Navy Board (not to be confused with the historic Navy Board described later in this article). It is common for the various authorities now in charge of the Royal Navy to be referred to as simply The Admiralty.
The title of Lord High Admiral of the United Kingdom was vested in the monarch from 1964 to 2011. The title was awarded to Philip, Duke of Edinburgh by Queen Elizabeth II on his 90th birthday.[6] There also continues to be a Vice-Admiral of the United Kingdom and a Rear-Admiral of the United Kingdom, both of which are honorary offices.
- 1 Function and organization
- 2 Admiralty buildings
- 3 "Admiralty" as a metonym for "sea power"
- 4 See also
- 5 References
- 6 Further reading
- 7 External links
Function and organization[edit]
The office of Admiral of England (or Lord Admiral and later Lord High Admiral) was created around 1400 although there had already been Admirals of the Northern and Western Seas. In 1546, King Henry VIII established the Council of the Marine, later to become the Navy Board, to oversee administrative affairs of the naval service. Operational control of the Royal Navy remained the responsibility of the Lord High Admiral, who was one of the nine Great Officers of State.
In 1628, Charles I put the office of Lord High Admiral into commission and control of the Royal Navy passed to a committee in the form of the Board of Admiralty. The office of Lord High Admiral passed a number of times in and out of commission until 1709 after which the office was almost permanently in commission (the last Lord High Admiral being the future King William IV in the early 19th century).
In 1831, the first Navy Board was abolished as a separate entity, and its duties and responsibilities were given over to the Admiralty.
In 1964, the Admiralty along with the War Office and the Air Ministry as separate departments of state were abolished, and re-emerged under one single new Ministry of Defence. Within the expanded Ministry of Defence are the new Admiralty Board which has a separate (second) Navy Board responsible for the day-to-day running of the Royal Navy., the Army Board and the Air Force Board, each headed by the Secretary of State for Defence.
Board of Admiralty[edit]
When the office of Lord High Admiral was in commission, as it was for most of the 18th, 19th and 20th centuries, until it reverted to the Crown, it was exercised by a Board of Admiralty, officially known as the Commissioners for Exercising the Office of Lord High Admiral of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, &c. (alternatively of England, Great Britain or the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland depending on the period).
The Board of Admiralty consisted of a number of Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty. The Lords Commissioners were always a mixture of admirals, known as Naval Lords or Sea Lords and Civil Lords, normally politicians. The quorum of the Board was two commissioners and a secretary.
The president of the Board was known as the First Lord of the Admiralty, who was a member of the Cabinet. After 1806, the First Lord of the Admiralty was always a civilian while the professional head of the navy came to be (and is still today) known as the First Sea Lord.
The first real concerted effort to professionally organize the Admiralty was started by Henry VIII, this management approach would continue in force in the Royal navy until to 1832. In this organization the Lord High Admiral or Commissioners of the Admiralty exercised the function of general control and they were usually responsible for the conduct of any war, while the actual supply lines services were managed by four principal officers, namely, the Treasurer, Comptroller, Surveyor and Clerk of the Acts, responsible individually for finance, supervision of accounts, Shipbuilding and maintenance of ships, and record of business. These principle officers came to be known as the Navy Board, this organization of the department from 1546 to 1832 consisted of the following: Lord High Admiral or Commissioners executing the office of: for Appointments, Supply, Policy Operations of and Officers Navy Board Movements, Pay, Stores (other than Ordnance and Victualling) Manning, Shipbuilding, Dockyard's here the function of supply was kept separate from military engagement, it was ineffect a dual organization, in which the Navy Board was responsible for the multifaceted requirements of war, that the earlier wars were fought.
This structure of administering the navy lasted for 285 years, however the supply system was often inefficient and corrupt its deficiencies were due as much to its limitations of the times they operated in. The various functions within the Admiralty were not coordinated effectively and lacked inter-dependency with each other, with the result that in 1832 Sir James Graham abolished the Navy Board and merged its functions within the Admiralty's, a combining that at the time also had distinct advantages, however it failed to retain the principle of distinctions between the Admiralty and supply and a lot of bureaucracy followed with the merger.
In 1860 saw big growth in the development of technical crafts, the expansion of more admiralty branches that really began with age of steam that would have an enormous influence on the navy and naval thought.
Between 1860 and 1908 there was no real study of strategy and of staff work conducted within the naval service, it was practically ignored. All the navy's talent flowed to the great technical university's. This school of thought for the next 50 years was exclusively technically based the first serious attempt to introduce a sole management body to administer naval service manifested itself in the creation of the Naval War Council in 1909.[7] It was perceived by officials within the Admiralty at this time that the running of war was quite a simple matter for any flag officer who required no formal training. However this mentality would be severely questioned with the advent of the Agadir crisis when the Admiralty's war plans heavily criticized, following this an Admiralty War Staff department was then instituted in 1912 headed by the Chief of the War Staff who was responsible for administering three sub-divisions. The new War Staff had hardly found its feet and it continually struggled with the opposition to its existence by senior officers they were categorically opposed to a staff. The deficiencies of the system within this department of state could be seen in the conduct of the Dardanelles campaign. There was no mechanisms in place to answer the big strategic questions in 1914 a Trade Division was created.
In 1916, Sir John Jellicoe came to the Admiralty, he organized the staff as following: Chief of War Staff, Operations, Intelligence, Signal Section, Mobilization, Trade.
It was not until 1917 that the admiralty department was again thoroughly reorganized and really began to function as a staff in May that year, when the term "Admiralty War Staff" was altered and that department and its functional role abolished and was replaced by a new to "Admiralty Naval Staff" and the new office of Chief of the Naval Staff was merged in the office of the First Sea Lord there was also appointed a new Deputy Chief of the Naval Staff and an Assistant Chief of the Naval Staff who were all given seats on the Board of Admiralty. This for the first time gave the naval staff direct representation on the Board, and the presence of three naval senior members ensured the necessary authority to carry through any operation of war. The (D.C.N.S.) would direct all operations and movements of the fleet, while the (A.C.N.S.) would be responsible for mercantile movements and anti-submarine operations.
The office of Controller would be re-established to deal with all questions relating to supply on September 6 a Deputy First Sea Lord, was added to the Board who would administer operations abroad and questions of foreign policy.
In October 1917 the development of the staff was carried one step further by the creation of two sub-committees of the Board - the Operations Committee and the Maintenance Committee. The First Lord was chairman of both, and the former consisted of the First Sea Lord and C.N.S., the Deputy 1 st S.L., D.C.N.S., A.C.N.S., and 5th Sea Lord. The latter consisted of the Deputy 1st S.L. (representing the operations committee), 2nd S.L. (personnel), 3rd S.L. (material), 4th S.L. (transport and stores), Civil Lord, Controller and Financial Secretary.
The direction of fully operational control of the Royal Navy was finally handed over to the (C.N.S.) by an order in Council, effective October 1917, under which they became responsible for the issuing of orders affecting all war operations to the fleet. It also empowered the (C.N.S) to issue orders in their own name as opposed to previously by the Secretary in the name of the Board. This would remain in place until the department was abolished in 1964 however the operational control and this system still remains in place with navy today, for the organisational structure of the admiralty department and how it developed through the centuries see the following articles below.
Admiralty buildings[edit]
The Admiralty complex lies between Whitehall, Horse Guards Parade and The Mall and includes five inter-connected buildings. Since the Admiralty no longer exists as a department, these buildings are now used by separate government departments:
The Admiralty[edit]
The oldest building was long known simply as The Admiralty; it is now known officially as the Ripley Building, a three storey U-shaped brick building designed by Thomas Ripley and completed in 1726. Alexander Pope implied the architecture is rather dull, lacking either the vigour of the baroque style, fading from fashion at the time, or the austere grandeur of the Palladian style just coming into vogue. It is mainly notable for being perhaps the first purpose-built office building in Great Britain. It contained the Admiralty board room, which is still used by the Admiralty, other state rooms, offices and apartments for the Lords of the Admiralty. Robert Adam designed the screen, which was added to the entrance front in 1788. The Ripley Building is currently occupied by the Department for International Development.
Admiralty House[edit]
Admiralty House is a moderately proportioned mansion to the south of the Ripley Building, built in the late 18th century as the residence of the First Lord of the Admiralty. It served that purpose until 1964. Winston Churchill was one of its occupants. It lacks its own entrance from Whitehall and is entered through the Ripley Building. It is a three-storey building in yellow brick with neoclassical interiors. Its rear facade faces directly onto Horse Guards Parade. The architect was Samuel Pepys Cockerell. There are now three ministerial flats in the building, which were unoccupied in 2012.[8]
Admiralty Extension[edit]
This is the largest of the Admiralty Buildings. It was begun in the late 19th century and redesigned while the construction was in progress to accommodate the extra offices needed by the naval arms race with the German Empire. It is a red brick building with white stone, detailing in the Queen Anne style with French influences. It has been used by the Foreign and Commonwealth Office since the 1960s. The Department for Education will move into the building in September 2017 following the Foreign and Commonwealth Office's decision to leave the building and consolidate its London staff into one building on King Charles Street.
Admiralty Arch[edit]
Admiralty Arch is linked to the Old Admiralty Building by a bridge and is part of the ceremonial route from Trafalgar Square to Buckingham Palace.
The Admiralty Citadel[edit]
This is a squat, windowless World War II fortress north west of Horse Guards Parade, now covered in ivy. See Military citadels under London for further details.
"Admiralty" as a metonym for "sea power"[edit]
In some cases, the term admiralty is used in a wider sense, as meaning sea power or rule over the seas, rather than in strict reference to the institution exercising such power. For example, the well-known lines from Kipling's Song of the Dead:
If blood be the price of admiralty,
Lord God, we ha' paid in full!
See also[edit]
- Admiralty administration
- Admiralty chart
- Admiralty Peak
- List of Lords High Admiral
- List of the First Lords of the Admiralty
- List of Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty
- Lord High Admiral of Scotland
- St Boniface's Catholic College
- ^ Knighton, C. S.; Loades, David; Loades, Professor of History David (Apr 29, 2016). Elizabethan Naval Administration. Routledge. p. 8. ISBN 9781317145035.
- ^ Hamilton, C. I. (Feb 3, 2011). The Making of the Modern Admiralty: British Naval Policy-Making, 1805–1927. Cambridge University Press. p. 56. ISBN 9781139496544.
- ^ Defence, Ministry of (2004). The Government's expenditure plans 2004-05 to 2005-06. London: Stationery Office. p. 8. ISBN 9780101621229.
- ^ Lawrence, Nicholas Blake, Richard (2005). The illustrated companion to Nelson's navy (Paperback ed.). Mechanicsburg, Pa.: Stackpole Books. p. 8. ISBN 9780811732758.
- ^ Archives, The National. "Admiralty, and Ministry of Defence, Navy Department: Correspondence and Papers". discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk. National Archives, 1660-1976, ADM 1. Retrieved 3 March 2017.
- ^ "New title for Duke of Edinburgh as he turns 90, who remains the incumbent.". BBC news. BBC. 10 June 2011. Retrieved 10 June 2011.
- ^ Kennedy, Paul (Apr 24, 2014). The War Plans of the Great Powers (RLE The First World War): 1880-1914. Routledge. p. 128. ISBN 9781317702528.
- ^ Ministerial Residences
Further reading[edit]
The Building
- Bradley, Simon, and Nikolaus Pevsner. London 6: Westminster (from the Buildings of England series). New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press, 2003. ISBN 0-300-09595-3.
- C. Hussey, "Admiralty Building, Whitehall", Country Life, 17 and 24 November 1923, pp. 684–692, 718–726.
The Office
- Daniel A. Baugh, Naval Administration in the Age of Walpole (Princeton, 1965).
- Sir John Barrow, An Autobiographical Memoir of Sir John Barrow, Bart., Late of the Admiralty (London, 1847).
- John Ehrman, The Navy in the War of William III: Its State and Direction (Cambridge, 1953).
- C. I. Hamilton, The Making of the Modern Admiralty: British Naval Policy-Making 1805–1927 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011).
- C. I. Hamilton, "Selections from the Phinn Committee of Inquiry of October–November 1853 into the State of the Office of Secretary to the Admiralty, in The Naval Miscellany, volume V, edited by N. A. M. Rodger, (London: Navy Records Society, London, 1984).
- C. S. Knighton, Pepys and the Navy (Stroud: Sutton Publishing, 2003).
- Christopher Lloyd, Mr Barrow of the Admiralty (London, 1970).
- Malcolm H. Murfett, The First Sea Lords: From Fisher to Mountbatten (Westport: Praeger, 1995).
- Lady Murray, The Making of a Civil Servant: Sir Oswyn Murray, Secretary of the Admiralty 1917–1936 (London, 1940).
- N.A.M. Rodger, The Admiralty (Lavenham, 1979)
- J.C. Sainty, Admiralty Officials, 1660–1870 (London, 1975)
- Sir Charles Walker, Thirty-Six Years at the Admiralty (London, 1933)
External links[edit]
|Wikimedia Commons has media related to Admiralty, Royal Navy.
- The Admiralty at the Survey of London online


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Seasons' Eatings: Potato Leek Gratin
By Sarah A. Maine
Leeks. I can't resist them. Ever since I took the plunge a couple of years ago and started experimenting with leeks I have become a firm believer in their wonderousness. Sautéed leeks exude a nutty oniony-ness with a hint of citrus that makes almost anything better. Maybe not ice cream, but even that might be possible.
When I saw leeks pop up in Allison Goodings' Savoury Leek Pancakes I was thrilled, and I dared to hope that they would still be in play when my turn came a few weeks later. You can imagine how happy I was then when I got Kara's recipe outline for Potato Leek Soup - the leek Relay was on! All that remained was to figure out what to do.
CLICK HERE for the full post and recipe.
I got lucky again later that week, this time at work. A shipment of Cremont from Vermont Butter and Creamery arrived at the Saxelby warehouse in Red Hook a little worse for the journey. Usually shaped into elegant discs, a flat of six had melded into a gooey pool. A mixture of goats' and cows' milk, Cremont (or as my boss Anne re-christened this group: Cre-messy) are dreamy creamy with a gentle tang. This puddle of cheese needed a new home, remembering my leeks I began to imagine a gratin.
I had heard talk of asparagus appearing at local markets, thinking that it would be a nice friend for my leeks, especially under a blanket of cheese, I went to find some but I came up empty. I'm not sure if it has to do with my work schedule or the temperature roller coaster that has characterized this spring in the Northeast, but either they aren't here yet, or I missed them, or they never came. So you will see no asparagus in this dish – although I think it would be a good addition or substitution.
What I did find was potatoes, a lovely fingerling potato mix from Mountain Sweet Berry Farm would accompany leeks from Nolasco Farms. Wanting to keep the dish pretty simple I decided to use up some of my reserve of pinto beans from Cayuga Pure Organics (I used them in my Shepherd's Pie last season too!). Leeks, cheese, potatoes, beans, a few bread crumbs, salt & pepper, done.
Potato Leek Gratin
Prep Time: 30 minutes
Cook Time: 35 minutes
Total Time: 65 minutes
Yield: 6 servings
- 2 cups sliced leeks
- 3 cups fingerling potatoes
- 2 cups cooked pinto beans (or any beans you like)
- 1 cup cheese (in gooey, grated or crumbly form)
- 1/8 cup bread crumbs
- olive oil
- salt & pepper to taste
Cooking Directions
- Rinse and quarter the potatoes (for faster cooking), place them in a baking dish, drizzle with a couple of Tablespoons of olive oil, sprinkle with salt and roast for 30 minutes at 350 F. Check them at the half way mark and stir them around with a spoon.
- While the potatoes are roasting, slice and clean the leeks.
- Heat a pan and add two Tablespoons of olive oil, add the leeks and sautée for about 7 minutes, until they are broken down a little and the white parts are becoming translucent. Add the beans and cook on low for another five minutes or so. Taste! Add salt and pepper as needed.
- Line the bottom of a pie dish with the leek and bean mixture. When the potatoes are done roasting, layer them on top.
- Next step – cheese! Use a fork to spread dollops of cheese on to the potatoes. I imagined I was making a kind of cheese cobbler. The cheese is going to end up going where it wants to go so try to position it to spread evenly throughout the dish. If you're using a dry cheese, sprinkle liberally. Add a dusting of breadcrumbs on top.
- Broil on high for 3-5 minutes. Keep an eye on it, you want to end up with a pleasingly golden brown topping, not a charred one.
- Get out a big spoon and serve with a side of greens (maybe a Caesar Salad?).
By night Sarah A. Maine is a co-founder and editor of RecipeRelay, by day she is a cheesemonger at Saxelby Cheesemongers at the Essex Street Market in New York City. She is surrounded by amazing food every day and thankful for it!

subset: commoncrawl


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Whether you do it on your own or work with a travel agent, planning a trip out of the country can be a tricky – but our international flight advice will help you avoid unexpected pitfalls while saving time and money.
Listen to travel expert Rick Seaney's new savings tips:
Making sure your passport is up to date isn't always good enough – some countries won't let you in if your passport is due to expire up to six months after your trip. The U.S. State Department is a good resource for entry/exit requirements while traveling abroad so check it out at least a few months before your departure date. When it comes to passports, procrastination can cost you dearly.
Finding Cheap Flights
The best way to find cheap flights to Europe, Asia or any destination is by using an airfare comparison search site. If you don't compare, you may not get the best deal. Other factors to consider:
Seasons of Europe: There are four distinct travel seasons to Europe: summer, the peak season, is most expensive while winter is cheapest. Suggestion: travel in the fall or spring for decent weather and moderate airfare prices.
Avoid Weekend Flights: This is not true for every global destination but you will often find cheaper fares on flights departing on Sundays through Thursdays.
Know the Seasons of Europe to Save on Airfare
Multiple Airline Flights
Some travelers save by taking a cheap flight on one airline to their jumping-off city where they'll catch a flight on another carrier to their overseas destination. Or maybe once they arrive at their destination, they'll fly a local discount to other cities in the region or continent. Both strategies can work beautifully, if you heed the following cautions:
Watch connection times: Don't allow a mere two hours between your flight from home and your flight overseas. Weather or mechanical problems can cause unexpected delays and if you miss your flight there are no guarantees when you'll get on the next one. Always give yourself several hours between flights, or do what air travel expert Rick Seaney does: "I like to get to my jumping-off airport for flights to Asia (or wherever I'm heading) the day before I take off," said Seaney, adding, "That way, I'm rested and ready for a long airplane trip."
Watch baggage fees: If you plan on flying throughout Asia or Europe on one of the many well-regarded local discount carriers, know that bag fees can be steep and some airlines allow you just a single item onboard – be it carry-on, purse, camera or even a bag of souvenirs. Anything else will cost you.
If You Think U.S. Bag Fees are Bad, Read This
Packing Tips
While most U.S. airlines allow passengers one checked-bag for free on international flights, there is always a chance however remote that a bag could go missing. That's why air travel expert Rick Seaney suggests using a carry-one even on long trips. "My wife and I each packed a carry-on for a 10-day trip to Italy," he said, "and we had everything we needed."
If you can't or won't use just a carry-on, be sure to have a day's change of clothing with you in case a bag goes astray. Also, be careful about the weight of checked-bags – the fees for going over weight allowances can be expensive.
Check on Cell Phone Service
Be sure to check with your provider to find out what kind of service you'll be able to get while away, and especially, what it will cost you. Then check with your bank to see if your ATM card will work at your destination, and/or discuss alternatives including travelers' checks.
Check on Flight Insurance
FareCompare does not recommend any insurance but there are several companies out there that get high marks from travelers. Caution: Read the fine print carefully before you buy to be sure the insurance covers everything you need it to. Ask questions and if you don't receive prompt and complete answers, move on to the next company.


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The Clark Mountains in Antarctica are named by PAUL SIPLE (Ph.D. '39), famed meteorologist, explorer and developer of the "wind chill factor." Siple names the peaks of the Clark Mountains after his faculty instructors: Jones, Atwood, Burnham, Ekblaw and Van Valkenburg. (Siple later appeared on the cover of TIME Magazine in 1956.)
KAREN FREY, assistant professor of geography, conducts research on the impacts of sea ice decline from aboard an icebreaker in the Chukchi and Beaufort seas as a leading scientist with NASA's multi-year ICESCAPE mission.
ELLEN CHURCHILL SEMPLE, Clark professor of anthropogeography from 1921-32, was the first female faculty member hired by the University.
Clark University | 950 Main Street | Worcester | MA 01610 | firstname.lastname@example.com | (800) 793-6246
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Progressing health care in London
About this event
This conference, jointly run by The King's Fund, NHS London and London Councils, looked at the role of NHS London and how health care in London will be provided in the future.
Highlights from this event
Ruth Carnall: the legacy of NHS LondonDame Ruth Carnall reflects on her experience of leading service change in the capital as Chief Executive of NHS London.
Anne Rainsberry: what is the future for health in London?Dr Anne Rainsberry, Regional Director of the NHS Commissioning Board in London, discusses the role the Board will play and what the future of health care in the capital could look like.
Tony Rudd: the legacy of NHS London – stroke programmeTony Rudd gives a background to stroke care in London and looks at how NHS London's stroke programme has made a positive difference.
Panel session: how can we provide the best services for Londoners across the board?Our panel, including Chris Streather, Mike Farrar and Richard Jeavons, look at what we can learn from London's reconfiguration projects to date and how we can provide the best services in the capital.
Watch the panel session on reconfiguration
Simon Tanner: how can we make the health legacy of the Games lasting for Londoners?Simon Tanner, Director of Public Health at NHS London, talks about the benefits of the Games for Londoners and how the health legacy can be sustained.
Session one: The legacy of NHS London
- The legacy of NHS London
Dame Ruth Carnall DBE, Chief Executive, NHS London
- Case study: stroke
Professor Tony Rudd, Consultant Stroke Physician, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust
- Case study: integrated care
Hannah Farrar, Director of Strategy, Commissioning and Provider Development, NHS London
- Questions and discussion
Session two: A year of change and opportunity for London
Panel session: how has the Health and Social Care Act 2012 affected London? What do the changes in the system mean for the capital?
- David Buck, Senior Fellow, The King's Fund
- Houda Al-Sharif, Director of Public Health, London Borough of Wandsworth/NHS Wandsworth
- Jon Rouse, Chief Executive, London Borough of Croydon
Olympic legacy: how can we make lasting health and wellbeing for Londoners the legacy of the Games?
Dr Simon Tanner, Director of Public Health, NHS London
Questions and discussion
Session three: How can London best organise reconfiguration?
Panel session: What can we learn from the reconfiguration projects to date? How can we provide the best services for Londoners across the board?
- Candace Imison, Deputy Director of Policy, The King's Fund
- Dr Chris Streather, Managing Director, South London Academic Health Science Network
- Mike Farrar, Chief Executive, NHS Confederation
- Richard Jeavons, Chief Executive, Independent Reconfiguration Panel
Session four: Strategic leadership for London
- A vision for the future
Dr Anne Rainsberry, Regional Director for London, NHS Commissioning Board
Panel session: What is the future for health in London?
- Dr Anne Rainsberry, Regional Director for London, NHS Commissioning Board
- Amanda Coyle, Assistant Director for Health and Communities, Greater London Authority
- Dr Dick Sorabji, Corporate Director, Policy and Public Affairs, London Councils
- Professor Timothy Evans, Lead Fellow, Future Hospital, Royal College of Physicians
Closing comments
Speaker presentations
You can download presentations from some of our speakers below.


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Anti-Semitic cartoon in Michigan Daily?Monday, July 31st, 2006
        The mighty Daily's well-loved (…..) cartoon section has caused a lot of hubbub by their cartoons about, e.g., the supposed horrors of affirmative action for isolated white kids surrounded by black people in classrooms, black people who are portrayed virtually gloating that their pale-skinned brother doesn't get the benefits of affirmative action.
        Today, though, we have a Daily cartoon by Ryan Jaber showing the White House, the U.S. Capitol, not to mention the Washington Monument and U.S. flag, being occupied territory of Israel. (As per the medieval Church debate on "How many angels can dance on the head of a pin?", one could ask if the cartoonist is trying to guess how many Israeli folk-dancers could fit on the point of the "Israel-occupied" Washington Monument. Not to mention the top of an "Israel-occupied" flagpole.
        Talk about "Fiddlers on the Roof"…)
        One can debate (and the whole world is debating) just how far the Israeli response against Hezbollah and Hamas should go, and one should feel sad about any civilian casualties or collateral damage; and one can legitimately question particular stances or policies of AIPAC, JINSA, or other frequently-pro-Israel groups. But for the Daily to print, in cartoon form, the old, false, "Turner Diaries"-style canard of there being a "ZOG", "Zionist Occupation Government", controlling the United States, is neither tasteful nor decent, I think one can safely say. Let's see what happens now.


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|FY 2010 Budget Resolution: Highlights
|Budget Resolution and Health Care Reform
|Budget Resolution, Tax Cut Extensions, and PAYGO
|Discretionary Spending Adjustments
|Senate Finance Release Health Care Reform Options
Welcome to the Concord Coalition's weekly Washington Budget Report: a nonpartisan plain English summary of key budget, appropriations, and tax developments.
The Concord Coalition Washington Budget Report is written and edited by Charles Konigsberg, Chief Budget Counsel of The Concord Coalition. If you have questions or comments about the Washington Budget Report, contact us at firstname.lastname@example.com.
The Concord Coalition relies on support from people like you, across the country, who are concerned about our nation's fiscal policy. If you find the Washington Budget Report and our website resources interesting and useful, we invite you to visit http://concordcoalition.org/act/donate and consider making a tax-deductible contribution today in support of The Concord Coalition's work.
You can access Washington Budget Report Archives, going back to January 2007, at http://washingtonbudgetreport.com/archives.php and more recent Reports on the Concord Coalition website at: http://www.concordcoalition.org/publications/budget-report-archive
Budget Process: Step-by-Step
Track 1- Economic Stimulus:
- Feb 17: Signed into law by the President (Concord Summary)
- Track expenditures at www.recovery.gov
Track 2 - Completion of '09 Appropriations:
- March 11: President signed omnibus appropriations bill funding agencies through the rest of FY09
- April 9: President transmitted an $83 billion FY 2009 supplemental request to Congress
- Week of May 4: House Defense Appropriations subcommittee to mark-up '09 supplemental
Track 3 - FY 2010 Budget:
- February 26: President Obama transmitted a budget outline.
- March 13: Congressional committees transmitted "views and estimates" on the FY 2010 budget to their respective Budget Committees.
- March 20: CBO released its Preliminary Analysis of the President's FY 2010 budget (using CBO economic projections)
- March 25-26: House Budget Comm and Senate Budget Comm marked-up their respective versions of the FY 2010 Congressional Budget Resolution.
- April 2: House (H.Con.Res.85) and Senate (S.Con.Res. 13) passed their respective versions of the FY 2010 Budget Resolution.
- April 29: House and Senate adopt Budget Resolution Conference Report.
- Week of May 4: President to transmit FY 2010 budget details
- May-Sept: Action on FY 2010 appropriations bills
- October 15: Budget Resolution Deadline for relevant committees to report budget reconciliation legislation (health care and student loan reform).
Track 4 - Stabilizing the Financial, Housing, and Auto Sectors (Ongoing)
- Concord's Financial Crisis Timeline w/ links
- Feb. 10: Treasury released Financial Stability Plan.
- Feb. 18: President announced Homeowner Affordability and Stability Plan
- Feb. 26: President released 2010 budget including a $250 billion contingent reserve for additional financial stabilization
- March 3: Treasury and Fed announced launch of TALF to boost consumer, small business credit
- March 18: Fed announced plan to pump $1.15 trillion into financial markets
- March 23: Treasury announced plan to purchase "toxic assets"
- March 26: Treasury Secretary announced regulatory overhaul for financial industry
- March 5: White House Summit on Health Reform
- Early June: Senate Finance and HELP Committees to mark-up health care reform bills
- Oct. 15: Deadline for congressional committees to report health care reconciliation legislation (if bipartisan negotiations on a non-reconciliation bill have failed)
- March 31: House Energy & Commerce Chairman Waxman (D-CA) released a discussion draft of a climate-energy bill, although it remains unclear if Ways & Means Democrats will back Waxman's cap & trade approach or prefer an emissions tax.
- April 27: House Energy & Environment Subcommittee is in the midst of marking up a bill; full committee consideration expected prior to Memorial Day Recess
- Senate Democrats are currently stalled in their efforts to find 60 votes for a climate-energy bill, although Majority Leader Reid is hoping to bring a bill to the Floor by summer.
- Leaders of key congressional committees have begun negotiating the parameters of the next multiyear highway bill (FY 2010-2015). The House is aiming for Floor consideration of a bill in early June.
- Key transportation groups estimate costs of $212 billion per year over 6 years.
- American Association of State Highway and Transporation Officials estimates
- American Public Transportation Association estimates
FY 2010 Budget Resolution: Highlights
This week budget negotiators reached agreement on the FY 2010 Budget Resolution (S.Con.Res. 13). The measure -- which is a congressional blueprint and does not require presidential signature -- passed the House by a vote of 233-193, and passed the Senate by a vote of 53-43. The budget plan received no Republican support.
Highlights of the budget resolution conference agreement follow:
- Total outlays are estimated at $3.5 trillion for FY 2010, with revenues of $2.3 trillion, and a deficit of $1.2 trillion.
- Health Care Reform: allows the filibuster-proof budget reconciliation process to be used for health care reform (details below).
- Student Loan Reform: Allows the filibuster-proof budget reconciliation process to be used for student loan reform that eliminates subsidies for private lenders and increases availability of direct student loans- Total discretionary spending for FY 2010 is set at $1.086 trillion, which is $10 billion less than the President's request and a 6% increase over FY 2009 base discretionary spending. The discretionary total is assumed to include $556 billion for defense (the President's request) and $530 billion for nondefense discretionary spending--although the Appropriations Committees can alter this split (details below).
- Extension of the "middle class" portion of the expiring Bush tax cuts (costing more than $2 trillion over 10 years) will require a 60-vote PAYGO waiver in the Senate, but no waiver in the House due to a baseline adjustment (details below).
- Renewable energy / climate change legislation does not receive budget reconciliation protection in the Budget Resolution and is therefore vulnerable to filibuster. (The House could theoretically use the reconciliation instructions to piggyback a climate change bill on health care reform, but that could result in losing reconciliation protections for health care reform in the Senate--since some energy and climate provisions would be outside the jurisdiction of the committees receiving reconciliation instructions).
- Assumes only a 3-year fix for the AMT (Alternative Minimum Tax) in order to hold down outyear deficit numbers.
- Assumes only a 2-year fix to Medicare physician reimbursement rates in order to hold down outyear deficit numbers.
- Passage of the Budget Resolution triggered automatic House passage of an increase in the debt ceiling to $13.029 trillion (which includes debt held by the public and debt held by government trust funds). The Senate will have to vote on the measure.
- Unlike the President's Budget, which proposed spending and revenue levels for 10 years, the Budget Resolution covers only 5 years, which obscures rising deficit numbers in the outyears.
Senate Budget Committee Overview (Democrats)
House Budget Committee Press Release (Democrats)
House Budget Committee Republican Analysis of Conference Report
Budget Resolution and Health Care Reform
- Bipartisan Approach: It can proceed this summer pursuant to the budget resolution reserve fund which requires that health care reform be deficit neutral (over 11 years in the Senate and over 6 years and 11 years in the House). This path to health care reform would be subject to Senate filibuster and therefore effectively requires 60 votes to pass the Senate.
- Reconciliation Fallback: If the first option fails, health care reform can be reported from the committees of jurisdiction by October 15 as a filibuster-proof Budget Reconciliation bill that would have net deficit reduction of $1 billion over FY 2009-2014. Because the bill would be filibuster-proof, it would effectively require only 51 votes. Under the Senate's PAYGO rule, the reconciliation bill would also have to be deficit neutral over 6 years and 11 years.
The Reconciliation path to health care reform, while having the advantage of a simple majority (51 vote) requirement, has a downside, which is that all provisions in the bill must be "budgetary" in nature. Purely policy provisions without a budget impact, or with an "incidental" budget impact cannot be included in the reconciliation bill (due to a restriction known as the "Byrd Rule").
Budget Resolution, Tax Cut Extensions, and PAYGO
The House and Senate both have pay-as-you-go ("PAYGO") rules that require new tax cuts and new entitlement spending to be "paid for," i.e., their costs have to be offset by tax increases and/or spending cuts.
The Obama Administration and most members of Congress -- on both sides of the aisle -- support permanent extension of the "middle class" portion of the Bush tax cuts. These provisions, which expire at the end of 2010, include: the 10% individual income tax bracket; marriage penalty relief; the $1000 child tax credit; education incentives; and other provisions.
Neither Democrats nor Republicans--in the House or the Senate--want to pay for the cost of extending these provisions, which CBO estimates at more than $2 trillion over 10 years (including added debt service costs).
The Budget Resolution Conference Report includes a provision that--in the House of Representatives--adjusts the budget baseline to include the post-2010 tax cuts. In effect, this allows the House to assume--with its adjusted baseline--that there is no cost associated with the tax cut extensions. Similar baseline adjustments are allowed for fixing the AMT (Alternative Minimum Tax), estate tax relief, and relief from automatic cuts in Medicare payments to physicians.
The baseline adjustment in the House is made contingent on House passage of "statutory PAYGO" -- a fiscal enforcement measure from the 1990s that imposed automatic budget cuts if the PAYGO requirement was breached.
In effect, the Budget Resolution Conference Report waives PAYGO in the House of Representatives for purposes of extending the middle class portion of the Bush tax cuts, estate tax relief, fixing the AMT, and fixing Medicare physician payments in exchange for a promise to be more fiscally responsible in the future (under a statutory PAYGO regime).
This approach was underscored in an April 29 letter from House Speaker Nancy Pelosi (D-CA) and Majority Leader Steny Hoyer (D-MD) which states that "the House will not consider any conference reports on these four bills (middle class tax cuts, estate tax, AMT relief, and Medicare physician payments)...unless these conference reports or bills include statutory PAYGO...or statutory PAYGO has already been enacted into law."
The Senate, while not setting up a "baseline adjustment," is just as likely to ignore PAYGO for the purposes of making the middle class tax cuts permanent, fixing AMT, estate tax relief, and the Medicare physician payment fix. It is anticipated that the Senate will simply vote to waive its PAYGO rule (requiring 60 votes) when those measure come to the Senate Floor.
Discretionary Spending Adjustments
The Budget Resolution's $1.086 trillion allocation for discretionary spending can be adjusted upward for the following specific purposes:
- $1.9 billion in additional LIHEAP (Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program) funding;
- $485 million for Social Security Administration disability reviews and Supplemental Security Income redeterminations;
- $311 million for HHS health care fraud and abuse control; and
- $50 million for Labor Dept. unemployment insurance payment reviews.
Senate Finance Release Health Care Reform Options
There is broad agreement that the rapid growth of health care costs is a prime driver of exploding, unsustainable budget deficits. Medicare and Medicaid are growing at an alarming pace. Consequently, a vital component of impending health care reform legislation will be strategies to reduce the rapid growth of health care costs.
Early this week, the Senate Finance Committee released an options paper for health care reform. Among the cost-saving options discussed in the options paper are:
- Change the Medicare reimbursement structure so that it emphasizes positive outcomes and the quality of care rather then the volulme of tests, scans, and procedures provided.
- Use Medicare payments to promote quality primary care.
- Medicare pilot programs for patient-centered care coordination models for the chronically ill that improve quality and reduce spending.
- Single bundled Medicare payments for acute and post-acute episodes of care.
- Promote competition among Medicare providers.
- Invest in health information technology to promote efficiency and quality care and reduce unnecessary procedures.
- Invest in research on which treatments work best for which patients.
- Close loopholes in physician self-referral laws.
- Increase graduate medical education (GME) training positions for primary care.
- Promote quality and efficiency in Medicare Advantage (private) plans.
- Reduce waste by enhancing the review of health care providers prior to granting billing privileges.
Recent Budget Documents
Budget Resolution Conference Agreement: Text
Budget Resolution Conference Agreement: Statement of Managers
Senate Finance Committee: Policy Options for Health Care Reform
How CBO Estimates the Costs of Reducing Greenhouse-Gas Emissions
CBO: Federal Budget Challenges
JCT: Tax Expenditures for Energy Production and Conservation
CBO: Historical Effective Tax Rates: 1979 to 2006
CBO: Data on the Distribution of Federal Taxes and Household Income
NYTimes: Adding Up the Government's Bailout Tab
NYTimes: Recipients of TARP Funds
CBO: Preliminary Analysis of the President's BudgetAmerica's Priorities: How the U.S. Government Raises and Spends $3 Trillion Per Year, by Charles S. Konigsberg, Editor, The Concord Coalition's Washington Budget Report.


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this wiki
|Wu (Shadow of Ronin)
|Wu (Ninjago Movie)
|"The past is the past, but there is always the future."
|— Wu
|Master Wu
The Sons of the First Spinjitzu Master
|Weapon of choice
|First Appearance
|Way of the Ninja
|Unknown (Presumably lost in time with The Hands Of Time)
|Voiced by
|Paul Dobson
Master Wu is a wise old man and the mentor and master to the Ninja. He is the First Spinjitzu Master's second born and remaining son, Misako's brother-in-law, Garmadon's younger brother, and Lloyd's paternal uncle. Wu endured a traumatic childhood as his older brother Garmadon was bitten by The Great Devourer and infected with evil. After a battle between brothers broke out, Wu cast him into the Underworld. Many years later, Wu trained five teenagers—Cole, Jay, Kai, Zane and Lloyd—in the ways of Spinjitzu before sending them out to find the Golden Weapons. Wu would guide the Ninja in many battles against the Serpentine and Stone Army. After Lloyd defeated The Overlord, Garmadon was purified of evil. When the Nindroid conflict began, Wu was captured by the Digital Overlord and corrupted into a spiteful cyborg. After the Digital Overlord was vanquished, Wu was purified, but the conflict didn't end until Zane sacrificed himself.
The loss of Zane disbanded the Ninja team until they reunited to find him on a mysterious island. Wu remained in the Samurai X Cave before uniting with the Elemental Masters to fight Chen and his army. After Garmadon sacrificed himself to defeat Chen's army, Wu's first pupil, Morro, escaped the Cursed Realm and possessed Lloyd. During this time, Wu trained Nya to harness her element. After Morro freed his master into Stiix, Wu helped evacuate the city before Nya destroyed the beast. Shortly after, Nadakhan attacked the Ninja and trapped Wu in the Sword of Souls. After Jay made his final wish, recent events were reversed and Ninjago was left safe. On the Day of the Departed, Wu led the Ninja during their day of remembrance, as he commemorated his father at the old monastery. A revived Morro would tell Wu of Yang's plot to defeat the Ninja, allowing Wu to reunite the team.
Early Life
In Wu's childhood, he and Garmadon were the best of friends. One day in his youth, Wu lost his father's katana during a spar, and Garmadon climbed over the wall to retrieve it. While outside, The Great Devourer bit Garmadon's hand, corrupting him with its venom. As a result of the growing evil within him, Garmadon became increasingly distant from his family, but he and Wu would remain allies and a team against evil. After their father died, Garmadon and Wu vowed to protect the Golden Weapons.
Centuries later,[1] soon after his brother left to train under Master Chen, Wu found a young boy, Morro, rummaging through the monastery's trash cans in search of food. Wu took pity on him and trained him in the ways of the Ninja. He soon discovered that Morro was a descendant of the Elemental Master of Wind and believed him to be the Green Ninja. This ended up being his greatest regret as the thought of the power that came with the title made Morro incredible arrogant and he flew into a fit of rage when the Golden Weapons did not react as they would when in the presence of the chosen one. Wu was disappointed, but still would not give him the Green Gi, as it was not his destiny. Morro left vowing to find the tomb of the First Spinjitzu Master.
Garmadon eventually returned to fight alongside his brother and the Elemental Masters in the Serpentine War, where they imprisoned the Serpentine, exiled Chen and Clouse, and banished Arcturus to the Cursed Realm.
Shortly after congratulating the Elemental Alliance on their victory against the Anacondrai, the Elemental Masters of Time, twins Acronix and Krux, turned against them, believing that Ninjago should be ruled by the most powerful. After the Elemental Masters were defeated by the Hands of Time, he and Garmadon donned Time Blades built by the Masters of Fire and Water, and fought against the Time Twins. After a short battle, the sons of the First Spinjitzu Master defeated them, using the gauntlets to absorb their powers. Wu and Garmadon agreed that the element of time was too powerful, and performed a ritual to open a temporal vortex, to send the newly empowered Time Blades to be lost in time forever. Refusing to be defeated, the powerless Time Twins broke free of the Elemental Masters, and let themselves be sucked into the vortex. Within the vortex, Wu saw a blimp that told the exact time Acronix would eventually return to Ninjago, forty years in the future. He kept this knowledge in mind, but thought Krux to be lost to time forever.
Immediately after watching the Time Twins disappear, the future Acronix and Krux appeared in a giant mech, and an army of unfamiliar snake warriors. He, Garmadon, and the Elemental Alliance were no match for the Vermillion warriors, but they were unknowingly assisted by the future children of Ray and Maya, Kai and Nya, pretending to be their parents. The Time Twins fled into time with the Iron Doom, but were followed by "Ray" and "Maya's" Water-Fire Dragon. A mysterious individual riding the dragon, Wu's future self, tossed him the Reversal Time Blade. He gave it to Ray and Maya, whom locked the Time Blade away in the Boiling Sea. Wu also heeded an instruction from his older self to obtain Obscuritea from Mistaké, which erased his memories of the battle against the future versions of the Hands of Time and the Timeline of Ninjago was corrected.
When Garmadon married Misako and eventually fathered Lloyd many years later, Wu was happy for his brother, but also somewhat melancholy, as he personally harbored some affection for Misako. During the war he had written her a heartfelt letter confessing his feelings, but it was intercepted by Chen, who convinced Garmadon to sign his own name to it in place of Wu's in order to win Misako's affections; Wu did not learn this until years later.
Garmadon eventually succumbed to the darkness from the Devourer, and planned to steal the Weapons. But when he tried, Wu confronted him and they fought. Wu won the battle, but at a cost. The kimono he was wearing had a protection spell to keep him safe from evil. This in turn worked on Garmadon, and cast Garmadon into the Underworld, banishing him for what could have been eternity.
Peace returned to Ninjago, but knowing his brother's ambition to get all Four Weapons, he sealed each one away and placed a guardian to protect each individual one. Fearing his own demise one day, Wu created a map of the weapon's location and entrusted it with an honest blacksmith.
Years later, Wu began searching for the descendants of some of the Elemental Masters to train them in the way of the Ninja. He found Cole climbing a tall mountain, Jay on a city rooftop after his glider failed, and Zane at the bottom of a frozen pond testing himself. He brought each one back to the monastery to train them together.
Reclaiming the Golden Weapons
Way of the Ninja
Wu eventually returned to Ignacia in the hopes of convincing the blacksmith's son Kai to become the Master of Fire, and thus eventually the caretaker of the Sword of Fire. Upon arriving however, he was disappointed that Four Weapons sold only tools for a samurai and voiced his complaints. In response, Wu was promptly ordered to leave by Kai.
Yet Wu didn't get far as the Skulkin Army soon attacked the blacksmith shop. Kai was quickly defeated by Samukai and Wu rushed in to save him, using Spinjitzu. The Skulkin General used his daggers to topple the nearby water tower as a distraction, and Wu hurried to save Kai from being crushed by it. Wu was alarmed to hear Samukai mention Garmadon as the Skulkin captured Nya, yet didn't have time to contemplate the matter as Kai attempted to go after them. Wu told Kai of the Golden Weapons and advised him to become a Ninja in order to save his sister.
Master Wu took Kai to the Monastery of Spinjitzu atop the Mountain of a Million Steps where he gave the blacksmith one simple instruction; finish the training course before he finished his tea. However, Wu finished his drink even before the young blacksmith had a chance to start and told him to try again the next day, hoping to teach him patience. Kai eventually succeeded and Wu told him that a final test would come the next day.
The Golden Weapon
That night Jay, Cole, and Zane arrived at the monastery and attacked Kai. Wu eventually awoke and rushed out to the training yard to stop the fight. There he used Spinjitzu to give them their appropriate gis and announce their name and element. He then explained their mission before deciding that it was time to retrieve the first Golden Weapon.
To get there, Wu had the Ninja pull him in a carriage as a team building exercise. Upon arriving, Wu warned them not to use the scythe once they found it, and remained behind while the Ninja infiltrated the skeleton's mines.
Yet Kai ignored Wu's warning and used the weapon in defense against the Earth Dragon, thus creating a large opening in the ground which the Ninja used to escape. Wu chastised Kai for his actions and walked back to the carriage to go the next weapon.
King of Shadows
As the Ninja sailed through the Frozen Wasteland, "drifting aimlessly for miles," Wu took a perch on the dragon sculpture at the front of the ship they were using. Wu unexpectedly turned around and informed the Ninja about the Tornado of Creation, before the ship crashed into the Ice Fortress. After they claimed the Shurikens of Ice, Wu sent the Ninja alone to retrieve the Nunchucks of Lightning from the Floating Ruins while he prepared a camp in the Forest of Tranquility.
That night the Ninja celebrated their success thus far, though Wu was hesitant as they had yet to claim the Sword of Fire. Nevertheless Kai manage to convince him to show them some dance moves before they all fell asleep.
Later that night, Kai was lured to the Fire Temple by Garmadon and Wu followed, arriving as his brother was using his shadow to defeat Kai. Wu used his own shadow to stop Garmadon and recovered the Sword of Fire, only to learn that the Skulkin had stolen the other three weapons. Kai, Wu, and Nya attempted to escape from the Temple to help the other Ninja, but Garmadon awoke the Fire Dragon who quickly blocked their way out. Realizing the Skulkin were on their way to unite the weapons, Wu used the Sword of Fire to cut a rock free from the pool of lava, thereby sending himself into the Underworld with the Fire Sword to keep the weapons apart.
Weapons of Destiny
Upon arrival in the Underworld, Master Wu headed straight for Lord Garmadon's Dark Fortress, where he confronted his brother in the throne room. He easily defeated the Skulkin soldiers sent after him, but soon faced a far greater challenge: Samukai, wielding the other three Golden Weapons. Master Wu fought hard, using the Sword of Fire to great effect, but Samukai's use of the other Golden Weapons overwhelmed him, leading to his defeat moments after the Ninja broke into the fortress themselves.
As Master Wu recovered his wits, Samukai took the Sword of Fire and challenged Lord Garmadon for the throne of the Underworld. However, Garmadon simply laughed, revealing that the power of all four Golden Weapons was too much for anyone—even himself—to control, and Samukai was disintegrated as the weapons formed a portal. As Garmadon prepared to enter the portal, Master Wu tried to reach out to his brother, claiming that their father would not have wanted any of this to happen. His pleas were rebuffed by Garmadon, who revealed that his real plan was to trick Samukai into using all four Golden Weapons at once, thereby creating a portal to a realm where he could find the power to safely wield the powerful weapons himself. With that, Garmadon fled through the portal, leaving Master Wu and his pupils to gather the Golden Weapons and return to the mortal realm.
Return of the Serpentine
Main article: History of Wu (Rise of the Serpentine)
Darkness Shall Rise
Master Wu and Nya leave on a one day road trip to get medicine for the Ultra Dragon and some other things, and returns just in time to save Lloyd from Skales who was plotting to kidnap him and convince Garmadon that he (Skales) should be in charge.
Pirates Vs. Ninja
Wu observed Kai train Lloyd in their apartment, though when the Ninja agreed that their conditions weren't suitable to properly train him, Wu sent them out into the city to find a better place.
Double Trouble
Ninjaball Run
Child's Play
Master Wu saw the Ninja off on their mission to the Ninjago Museum of History, where Lord Garmadon was attempting to revive a Grundle. When the Ninja did not return from their mission (due to being de-aged into children as a side-effect of Garmadon's spell), Master Wu joined Nya in searching for them. Their efforts proving fruitless, the duo returned to the Bounty, only to find a message from Lloyd, asking them to meet him and the Ninja at the Ninjago Doomsday Comix Book store.
Putting some of the pieces together, Master Wu has Nya accompany him to Mystake's tea shop, where they request some Tomorrow's Tea. Due to Mistaké having trouble finding the tea, Master Wu and Nya did not reach the comic book store until nightfall, finding the Ninja at the mercy of the revived Grundle. After Lloyd uses the Tomorrow's Tea to restore the Ninja and defeat the Grundle, Master Wu witnessed the Green Ninja aging into a young man along with his friends.
Wrong Place, Wrong Time
The Stone Army
Wu and the Ninja travel to the Museum after the Devourer's venom has made the Museum's gift shop bobbleheads come to life. One escapes, and Wu races after it, crushing it with his foot, only to turn around to find Misako, Lloyd's mother, greet him. When the giant Stone Warrior is unveiled, the Devourer's venom drips on it, bringing it to life. Wu and the other escape it for a short period while Lloyd works on a trap. Misako finds Lloyd, and Lloyd tricks the warrior into standing on top of paper covering up the bottomless pit it was found in. Wu invites Misako to join the Ninja, and she says only if her son allows it. Lloyd allows her to, and she lives with the Ninja from that point forward.
The Day Ninjago Stood Still
While the Ninja train Lloyd, Wu takes his hat off to look at a photograph of him, Garmadon, and Misako. Misako unexpectedly appears behind him and startles Wu. Misako shows him her research and the scrolls containing the prophecy of the Green Ninja.
Moments later, while an earthquake shakes the Bounty, Misako suggests making the NGTV tower an evacuation station for the Bounty to land on. Wu and majority, if not, all, civilians left in the city and the Ninja climb up the stairwell.
Misako loses the container her research was in, and goes back to get it. Once everyone (excluding Misako) is on board, the Stone Warriors start destroying the Bounty's engines, and Wu leaves at the last moment to save Misako as the Bounty flies off.
Misako gets to her research, but at a cost; she is now dangling off the side of a 20-story high stair well. Wu fights his way through the Stone Army and gets to Misako at the last moment and saves her. They are only left with one choice after the Army backs them into a corner. Zane senses that Nya should fly the Bounty downwards, and orders her to do it. Wu and Misako jump off of the building, and land on, to their surprise, the Destiny's Bounty.
The Last Voyage
Island of Darkness
Master Wu sends the Ninja out to find the Temple of Light while he, Dr. Julien, Misako, and Lloyd stay back to work on vehicles for the Ninja. They complete the vehicles, (the Earth Driller and the Fire Mech) before sending out the Ninja to the Temple. When Lloyd uses the "Golden Dragon," Wu, Misako, Nya, and Julien are watching inside the Bounty and Wu is embraced by Misako.
The Last Hope
Return of the Overlord
Rise of the Spinjitzu Master
After the Final Battle
After the Overlord was defeated, Wu acquired Darkley's Boarding School and turned it into "Master Wu's Academy," of which he became headmaster and the Ninja, (along with Nya and Dareth) become teachers.
The Surge
Wu takes his students and the Ninja to New Ninjago City where he, Nya, and the students are escorted around Borg Tower by P.I.X.A.L. while the Ninja speak to Cyrus Borg. However, the tour goes awry when the Digital Overlord takes over the systems, turning the machinery against the tour group. They manage to make it out of the building only to find the city under attack by its own security systems. Wu and the Ninja get the civilians to safety, though are easily outmatched by the Security Mechs.
The Art of the Silent Fist
Wu is taken back to Borg Tower where the Overlord probes his memory to find where the Ninja are hiding. Once the Overlord discovers the Ninjas' location, he assimilates Wu into a drone, much like he did to Cyrus Borg.
Pythor breaks into Borg Tower where he takes both the hardrive containing the Digital Overlord and Wu to a location in the sewers where he uses the Electrocobrais to power them both. He then sends the now Techno Wu to Ed & Edna's Scrap N Junk where they attack the Ninja.
The Curse of the Golden Master
Techno Wu is sent along with a host of Nindroids by the Overlord to Hiroshi's Labrinth to capture Lloyd, whom they find at the heart of the maze. While Lloyd escapes, Techno Wu battles Garmadon once again. Wu is eventually victorious and captures Garmadon, taking him aboard the Nindroid MechDragon.
Enter the Digiverse
Techno Wu, Pythor, General Cryptor, and the Nindroids break into Borg Tower to stop the Ninja from erasing the Digital Overlord. Wu and the Nindroids break down the lockdown walls in Borg Tower and break in through the savages.
Techno Wu is later seen batting a Nindroid, who lifts his hood to be Master Garmadon. Wu is victorious, but when the Overlord is wiped, he is turned back into Master Wu, and helps save his brother.
Codename: Arcturus
Wu and Garmadon are at The Temple of Light to restore Lloyd's golden power and the Ninjas' elemental powers. Garmadon thinks it is a waste of time because they need balance, but Wu tells him it was Lloyd's idea, not his.
Wu spots Cryptor and Pythor on a satellite, and sends Kai after them, but Kai becomes careless and is taken prisoner by Pythor.
Later, at Borg Tower, Garmadon tells that they defeated Arcturus, an ancient Serpentine General when they were first on each other's side. Wu asks where the Serpentine do their stargazing, and Zane jumps to the answer: The Lost City of Ouroboros.
The Void
Wu returned to Borg Tower with Nya, Garmadon, and P.I.X.A.L. where they were able to contact the Ninja. Advising them that if they "couldn't change their circumstances, they should change themselves", they were able to provide the Ninja help in their attempt to take over the comet-bound ship. However, their communications were discovered by Pythor who lead a squad of Nindroids to attack Borg Industries.
The four managed to escape to Garmadon's monastery and they re-established contact with the Ninja.
The Titanium Ninja
The Invitation
Following Zane's memorial, Master Wu requested the remaining four ninja to train at Borg Industries, but only Lloyd came. Upon asking his nephew where the others were, he said the loss of Zane would affect them all and that it would either bring the team together or tear them apart. Wu later appeared at Garmadon's Monastery looking at the plans for the Destiny's Bounty.
While helping Nya rebuild the Bounty, he fell asleep from listening to her talk about her boy problems with Jay and Cole. He then questioned Misako about contacting Garmadon and the ninja and when she responded she hadn't, he decided to "expand their horizons", to which Nya set off in their backup vehicle the D.B. Express.
Spy for a Spy
He was mentioned by Dareth, who contacted him from the D.B. Express on Chen's Island.
While Misako attempted to contact Dareth and Nya using the computer in the Samurai X Cave, Wu made a pot of tea and offered some to her. In response, she berated him for being so calm when they didn't know where everyone was. Wu assured that he too was concerned, but had faith in Garmadon to guide them.
The Day of the Dragon
The Greatest Fear of All
The Corridor of Elders
Winds of Change
Wu decided to retire from being a Master and opened a tea shop—Steep Wisdom—with the help of the Ninja, Nya, and Misako. On the first day of business, Wu sent the Ninja to advertise in New Ninjago City. However, while they were serving their first customer, the Ninja returned and informed him that their elemental powers were gone. At that moment, Lloyd returned from the museum, only possessed by Morro. Wu instantly recognized his former pupil and ordered the Ninja to flee in the Destiny's Bounty.
Ghost Story
Morro soon caught up to them using his Elemental Dragon and knowing that Morro would be relentless until he obtained the staff, Wu made an imprint of the staff's secret message, then threw it off the Bounty to distract his former pupil. Morro however had disabled the ship and it crashed in the Forest of Tranquility.
The Ninja made camp and Wu told them of his past with Morro. The next morning Misako arrived and discovered that the first symbol means Airjitzu, a martial art created by Master Yang. Wu ordered the Ninja to head to Stiix while he, Misako, and Nya returned to Steep Wisdom. Once there, he revealed to Nya that she was the Master of Water.
Stiix and Stones
Wu soon began Nya's training to become the Water Ninja, though she insisted she could aid the Ninja just as well being a samurai. Wu pointed out that a samurai was unable to perform Spinjitzu or summon an Elemental Dragon, and he summoned his own as an example. The Master then presented her with the bucket challenge, wherein she had to fill a bottomless bucket completely full of water. This proved difficult for Nya and after trying all day, she gave up. Misako inquired if the day's training was a waste, but Wu noted that she had tossed the bucket into the pond, thus fulfilling her task by doing so.
Kingdom Come
Ghoultar was brought aboard the Bounty and Wu questioned the ghost along with Nya and Ronin. However, when the ghost refused to answer, Wu decided that the time would be better spent training Nya and the two left, leaving Ronin in charge of the prisoner.
The Crooked Path
Grave Danger
Curseworld, Part I
Realizing they needed weapons to defeat the ghosts more than he needed his business, Wu sold Steep Wisdom and used the money to finance new vehicles from Cyrus Borg.
As part of their plan to infiltrate Stiix and destroy the Realm Crystal before the Preeminent arrived, Wu and Misako drove a noodle truck up to the city gate where they were stopped by Bansha. Wu offered Morro one last chance to give up, but he was only met by laughter and thrown into a prison with several of the town's inhabitants.
When the Ninja began their attack, Wu summoned his Elemental Dragon to destroy the prison. He lead the citizens to a waiting ferry where Wu watched to his horror as the Preeminent emerged, Lloyd apparently having failed his task.
Curseworld, Part II
Aboard the Bounty, Wu meditated with Cole, urging him to find what powers he could unlock as a ghost. The Black Ninja was successful in discovering he could disappear and Wu congratulated him.
Wu later summoned the Ninja to the bridge of the Bounty, informing them that Clouse had escaped the destruction of the Cursed Realm and was heading to Stiix. As the Ninja pursued him, Wu journeyed to the Domu library to figure out what the sorcerer might be after. His research led him to learn of the Teapot of Tyrahn, shortly after which he was ambushed by Nadakhan, the latter seeking to imprison him.
Calmly confronting the Djinn and casually noting Nadakhan's aroma of tea due to his imprisonment in the Teapot, Wu decided to test out his luck by wishing no one would be harmed in their fight, and in response Nadakhan moved their fight momentarily out of the time stream. Satisfied, Wu attempted to defeat the Djinn, but when Nadakhan used his teleportation and speed to evade him, Wu wished to have the power to defeat his opponents. As a result, he became so powerful that he would be able to destroy the planet in a single blow, making any attempts to destroy Nadakhan a disaster in that it would kill everyone else. After pretending to almost sneeze, scaring the Djinn, Wu humbly conceded defeat and wished it all away, being trapped in the Teapot of Tyrahn alongside Clouse.
Public Enemy Number One
While confronting Misako, Nadakhan showed off the imprisoned Wu and Clouse in the Teapot of Tyrahn, before trapping Misako inside as well.
After receiving the Djinn Blade from Khanjikhan, Nadakhan shattered the Teapot of Tyrahn, transferring Wu, Clouse, and Misako into the blade.
Operation Land Ho!
Inside the Sword of Souls, Wu fell into a deep sleep. He was later awoken by Jay and he and the other Ninja were able to escape from the blade.
The Way Back
Welcoming his students, Wu would proceed to warn them that by defeating Nadakhan, the Djinn's magic would dissipate, causing the reconstructed Djinjago to fall onto everything below, causing untold devastation. Making a plan, he, Misako, Ronin, Skylor, Captain Soto, and Echo Zane headed down to New Ninjago City to help protect the citizens from the inevitable destruction. Later, when Djinjago began to collapse, he and the rest of the citizens watched in horror as the massive debris fell down.
As a result of Jay's final wish erasing the events of the season, Wu was placed back to his original location prior to his visit to Domu, presumably with no memory of what had happened.
Dark Island Trilogy, Part 1
Shortly thereafter, Wu began to feel a sense of overwhelming darkness. At the same time, reports of missing fishermen off the coast of the Dark Island prompted Misako to want to investigate. As Wu sought to meditate on this approaching darkness, he hired Ronin to accompany here.
After meditating at Steep Wisdom for a week, he was interrupted to a villager who had discovered the ruins of Misako's boat, with no sign of here anywhere. Searching the wreck, Wu discovered a note from Misako pleading to stay as far away as possible from the Dark Island.
Ignoring her warning, Wu gather the Ninja at the Samurai X Cave to explain their mission. As the Ninja prepared the bounty, Wu collected an important piece of cargo which Kai and Jay brought aboard the ship.
Shortly after setting off, the Bounty was struck by a lightning storm. In the chaos, all of the Ninja fell off the flying ship though Wu managed to crash it in the jungles of the Dark Island. Upon waking, Wu soon encountered Lloyd fleeing from a group of gorillas he had provoked. After helping the Green Ninja escape quicksand by using Airjitzu, the two returned to the Bounty and spent several days making it seaworthy once more. Although Lloyd wanted to search for Misako, Wu was adamant they sail up the River of Darkness to the Temple of Light.
Dark Island Trilogy, Part 2
As Wu and Lloyd continued down the River of Darkness, the Green Ninja began to become affected by Dark Matter, thrashing out violently when they encountered a swarm of oversized bugs. Although Wu tried his best to keep him focused, it wasn't long before Lloyd jumped off the ship and ran into the jungle to search for his mother, leaving Wu alone on the Destiny's Bounty.
As the river wove it's wave through the Jankikai Jungle, Wu meditated to resist the effects of the Dark Matter himself. Two days after Lloyd abandoned him, Wu was bitten by an infected insect which caused him to hallucinate into confronting a corrupted version of himself.
Following his vision, Wu rested, only sitting up when the Bounty arrived at a mysterious cave. Venturing inside, Wu discovered Clouse who turned out to be the mastermind behind the events on the island. The sorcerer captured Wu and explained his plan to destroy the Temple of Light and corrupt the entire land of Ninjago in darkness. Before Clouse could stop him however, Wu broke free and chased him out of the cave, though escaped in the Misfortune's Keep. Cole found Wu shortly after and explained the situation, though Wu insisted on taking the Bounty to the Temple of Light as it stored his secret tea crate.
Dark Island Trilogy, Part 3
Wu eventually arrived at the temple with the crate aboard the Bounty, and while the Ninja held off the Sky Pirate Crew and Shadow Army unleashed by Clouse, Wu opened it to reveal the Golden Mech. Having had it repaired by Borg following the defeat of the Overlord, Wu piloted it into battle against Clouse, who created his own Shadow Mech to do battle with it. However, Wu managed to overcome his foe, and used the Golden Mech's power to restore the Temple of Light to its original glory. With Clouse's plans foiled, a vortex opened to consume him, and Wu offered his foe help in escaping but was refused, leading to Clouse's imprisonment in the Underworld. Wu and his friends then returned home in celebration, but Wu was soon troubled by visions of old friends...and old foes...
Due to the events on the Dark Island, Dark Matter crystals began popping up all over Ninjago and Wu sent the Ninja out to investigate. While at Steep Wisdom, Wu came across a mysterious stranger that had elemental abilities and was somehow resistant to the matter's effects. Worried about the Ninja, Wu asked the stranger to help find them. The stranger agreed and was able to bring back a possessed Zane whom Wu crafted a special tea for to cure the effects.
The Falcon soon arrived having discovered Cole, and Wu sent the Stranger and Zane to retrieve him. Once he was revised thanks to Wu's tea, the Earth Ninja reported that the Serpentine intended to use the Dark Matter to revive the Great Devourer. Although Wu was reluctant to allow the Stranger to continue aiding them, Zane and Cole offered to train it as this mysterious master's immunity to the matter was vital to their success.
After the three returned with Kai and Jay, Wu sent them to the Samurai X Cave to find Nya who had sought shelter there. They soon discovered logs left by Lloyd who had discovered that Fangtom and Pythor were intending to use the Dark Matter to became the Great Devourer, causing Wu to send them to the Mountain of a Million Steps where the old Serpentine Fortress was.
Day of the Departed
On the Day of the Departed, Wu and Misako planned to meet up with the Ninja at the Ninjago Museum of History. When the two arrived, the Ninja were nowhere to be found, prompting Wu to contact the Ultra Stealth Raider and urge the Ninja to hurry up. They eventually arrived and hurried to the gift shop, managing to secure Day of the Departed lanterns before it closed. While Wu was reminding the Ninja of the true meaning of the Day of the Departed, they were greeted by Dr. Saunders. After greetings were exchanged, Wu and the other Ninja followed Dr. Saunders on a tour of the new Hall of Villainy exhibit.
After the tour, Wu and the Ninja parted ways to honor those who had passed from Ninjago into the Departed Realm. Wu used the Destiny's Bounty to travel to the ruins of the Monastery of Spinjitzu where he drank a cup of remembrance tea in honor of his father. However, the Yin-Yang Eclipse that coincided with the Day of the Departed that year allowed Yang to revive several villains, among them Morro, who confronted Wu at the monastery. Wu prepared to battle his former pupil once more, only for Morro to reveal that he had not come to fight. He had instead come to reveal the truth behind Yang's intentions and his plot against the Ninja.
Morro and Wu traveled back to the museum and met all of Wu's students except Cole, who had been tricked into bringing the Yin Blade to Yang's Temple; Wu and his students quickly boarded the Bounty to aid Cole, but not before Wu thanked his former pupil who proceeded to return the Departed Realm. Wu and the others arrived at the temple, but due to strong winds they were unable to get close and help Cole physically. However their arrival gave him the inspiration he needed to defeat Yang, who saw the error of his ways and sacrificed his own chance to become human again in order to enable Cole to do so. At Cole's suggestion, Wu and the others then took the restored Temple of Airjitzu as their new base.
Return of the Hands of Time
The Hands of Time
- Morro (formerly/first student and the Master of Wind)
- Cole (his second student and the Earth Ninja)
- Jay (his third student and the Lightning Ninja)
- Zane (his fourth student and the Ice Ninja)
- Kai (his fifth student and the Fire Ninja)
- Lloyd (nephew, his sixth student, and the Green Ninja/Golden Ninja)
- Nya (Kai's sister, his seventh student and the Water Ninja)
Wu is an elderly man with a long white beard. He normally wears a white robe and a conical straw hat. In "The Day Ninjago Stood Still," he is shown to wear a small black skullcap under his hat. Occasionally, he wears a more elaborate white and black kimono with Chinese characters inscribed in gold along the left side. He is rarely seen without his bamboo staff or his tea set. In "Winds of Change," he receives a new outfit which more resembles a Master robe. In "Grave Danger," he gained a battle suit resembling a ninja uniform.
In his youth, he had a full head of blonde hair. As a child, he had a bowl cut, a white tunic with his red symbol similar to his most common attire, and brown pants. As a young man, he had a blonde variant of Jay's hair. He wore a black and white kimono signifying his status as a Spinjitzu Master, with kanji emblazoned on it to be used as a protection spell against evil.
When Wu was assimilated by The Overlord, his appearance changed drastically. His tan straw hat became metallic silver, his arms and legs were black, and his face was half metal, with a red eye. More cybernetics were visible on his torso, and both his staff and his beard were black instead of gold and white.
When he was struck by the Forward Time Blade, Wu began to rapidly age. A notable change to his appearance was his beard, which would touch the ground when he stood up.
Wu is several hundreds of years old.[2] He and his older brother's long lifespan is a result of them being the sons of the First Spinjitzu Master, whom lived for thousands of years before finally succumbing to his mortality.
Wu and his brother have a peculiar aging pattern. Ages ago, they were children when Garmadon was bitten, and grew to be young men by the time their father passed away.[3] Their aging stagnated at some point, and centuries later, they were still physically young during the events of the Serpentine War. Decades later, they were physically in their early thirties when Garmadon was banished, showing that their bodies were still aging, albeit slowly but beginning to quicken.[4] Only a mere decade later, by the time of the events of the series, Wu had become an old man, having aged tremendously in a relatively short period of time due to unknown circumstances.
Personality and Traits
As a young boy, Wu was a bit irresponsible, refusing to retrieve his father's katana after losing it. Instructed by his brother to never put off what can be done today, he would watch, haunted, as the Great Devourer's venom began to corrupt Garmadon as a result of his procrastination, and would likewise remember his brother's words prior to his corruption for the rest of his life.
When he became older, Wu became a more benevolent, generous person, being very reserved and noble and valiantly fighting for good. Having a kind heart, he brought in a homeless orphan named Morro and took care of him, discovering his fatherly instincts after taking in the Master of Wind to be his pupil. However, he also had little patience for wrongful behavior, readily disapproving Morro's reckless actions and unanimously agreeing with his brother to banish the Anacondrai Generals to the Cursed Realm, and being highly protective of his father's name.
Years later, having officially become a master, Wu would develop an incredibly eccentric and mysterious personality, often instructing others with cryptic hints and would often avoid being straight-forward, confusing everyone with his strange methods and ways. Wise because of his years of experience, Wu had an enormous amount of forethought and skilled intelligence, triumphing over several enemies as a result. Incredibly graceful, even when losing, Wu would be willing to sacrifice his life under any circumstances to protect others.
Despite this, Master Wu also had a more silly, playful side. He enjoyed less reserved actions such as food fights and riding on Ferris wheels and had a strange sense of humor even in battle, taking a little fun out of scaring Nadakhan into thinking he was about to destroy the planet and everyone as a result. However, Wu also had a past haunted by his mistakes, echoing his own brother's wisdom, and secretly reprimanding himself for the corruption of Garmadon and Morro.
- Master Wu loves to drink tea.
- Master Wu was among the Elemental Alliance generals to banish Arcturus and the other Anacondrai leaders into the Cursed Realm following the Serpentine Wars.
- Wu has the most recorded near-death experiences of any character in the show.
- Master Wu can hold his breath for a really long time, due to his Spinjitzu powers.
- His first student was Morro, although the Master of Wind eventually left and never came back due to his frustration in not being the Green Ninja.
- His staff is revealed to be his father's staff in "Winds of Change."
- The staff also contains the location of the Tomb of the First Spinjitzu Master from 3 symbols; the Airjitzu symbol, the Sword of Sanctuary symbol, and the third one defines the First Spinjitzu Master's Tomb.
- It's also revealed that Wu didn't know about those symbols.
- Because "Sensei" has different meanings in different countries that could possibly cause issues in the future,[5] in supplementary material from 2016 onward, usage of the word has ceased, and been replaced by "master." Because of this, Wu is now "Master Wu." Officially, this extends to other characters referred to as "Sensei," but Garmadon is the only one who has not been referred to as "master" in the show as of yet.
- Wu began to be called "Master Wu" in the show by other characters in the 2016 fall special, "Day of the Departed."
In LEGO Ninjago: Masters of Spinjitzu
- ↑ https://twitter.com/TommyAndreasen/status/781615927200616448
- ↑ https://twitter.com/TommyAndreasen/status/790207127692378112
- ↑ https://twitter.com/TommyAndreasen/status/781615927200616448
- ↑ https://twitter.com/TommyAndreasen/status/768339964857843712
- ↑ https://twitter.com/TommyAndreasen/status/777550117238894592


text:
"Girls" will return early next year.
HBO announced on Wednesday at the Television Critics Association summer tour in Beverly Hills that the comedy, from Lena Dunham, will return to the network in January 2013 for a 10-episode run.
PLAY IT NOW: George R.R. Martin Raves Over Avengers Star Diana Rigg Joining Game Of Thrones Season 3 Cast
"Enlightened," which stars Laura Dern, will also premiere its second season in January.
"Girls" received five Emmy nominations this year, including Outstanding Lead Actress in a comedy series for creator Lena.
VIEW THE PHOTOS: First Look: Shows Of Fall 2012 Television
-- Jolie Lash
Copyright 2012 by NBC Universal, Inc. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.