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By Jeremy A. Smith
Title: James R. and Susan Neumann Jazz Collection, 1933-2011 and undated
Primary Creator: Neumann, James R.
Extent: 880.0 Linear Feet
Languages: English, French, Spanish;Castilian, Italian, Japanese
The James R. and Susan Neumann Jazz Collection has as its focal point over 100,000 jazz recordings in a variety of formats (78s, 45s, LPs, CDs, DVDs). The Collection also contains a large number of print materials, including several thousand books on jazz and over 100 titles of jazz and blues periodicals that encompass 125 linear feet of shelf space. There are thousands of musicians' photographs and autographs, along with additional memorabilia including film and concert posters, concert programs, sheet music, record catalogs, and artifacts.
The Collection began arriving at Oberlin in October 2011, and several additional accessions have been received since that point. At present, Oberlin has received: 45,000 LPs; 3,500 78s; 125 linear feet of periodicals; twenty linear feet of concert programs, record catalogs, and sheet music; 600 film posters; nearly 1,000 concert and event posters; and various other ephemera and artifacts. These materials are currently being processed, cataloged, and digitized, and the finding aid is updated regularly as new materials come available for use.
More information on the Collection is available through a 2007 article from the Oberlin Conservatory Magazine and a 2008 article from Down Beat magazine.
To request access to the collection, contact Conservatory Library special collections staff at: email@example.com.
Series 1: Audio and Moving Image Recordings
Sub-Series 1: LPs: The Collection currently contains approximately 45,000 10" or 12" long-playing records (33 1/3 rpm). These items are currently being preserved, cataloged, and digitized. A list of cataloged recordings, updated every 8-10 weeks, is available in the Oberlin Library Catalog (OBIS) here. Streaming access to digitized LPs, also updated every 8-10 weeks, is available to Oberlin students and staff here.
Sub-Series 2: 78s: The Collection currently contains approximately 3,500 10" or 12" 78 rpm records. Work inventorying these items will begin once the LPs are fully cataloged.
Sub-Series 3: Additional formats: At a later date, Oberlin will receive the remaining audio and moving image formats represented in the Collection (45s, CDs, and DVDs).
Series 2: Periodicals, 1936-2011: This series contains over 100 titles of jazz and blues periodicals that encompass 125 linear feet of shelf space. A list of titles with substantial representation in the Collection is available in OBIS here, while a separate list of miscellaneous and single-item holdings is available here.
Series 3: Concert Programs, 1942-2009 and undated: This series contains over 300 concert programs from festivals and events throughout the US and across the world from 1942-2009 (many items are undated). A complete inventory is available here.
Series 4: Record Catalogs, 1935-2006 and undated: This series contains catalogs from over 150 different record companies in the US, Canada, Australia, Japan, and various European countries. A complete inventory is available here.
Series 5: Sheet Music: This series contains approximately 130 items of popular sheet music. A complete inventory of song titles and composers is available here.
Series 6: Books, 1972-2009 and undated: At present this series contains ca. 150 books related to jazz photography, inventoried here. At a later date, Oberlin will receive and inventory the thousands of remaining books in the Collection.
Series 7: Visual Materials
Sub-Series 1: Photographs: The Collection contains a large number of photographs, including seventy images from the Indianapolis-based photographer Mark Sheldon, inventoried here. Work preserving and cataloging the photographs is ongoing, and a full inventory of the sub-series will be available once work is complete.
Sub-Series 2: Posters: The Collection contains over 600 film posters and lobby cards, dating from 1930 through 1992, that visually feature jazz musicians. A complete inventory is available here. A digital collection containing selections from this series is available here.
Additionally, the Collection contains nearly 1,000 posters related to jazz concerts and events throughout the 20th century. Work preserving and cataloging this material is ongoing, and a full inventory of the sub-series will be available once work is complete.
Series 8: Artifacts, Scrapbooks, and Other Ephemera, 1933-2006 and undated: This series includes: ca. 40 artifacts, primarily from a variety of jazz venues across the US, inventoried here; along with a variety of scrapbooks and other ephemera, inventoried here.
James (Jim) R. Neumann is a business owner, jazz enthusiast, and active collector. Neumann is a 1958 graduate of Oberlin College, where he was a part of the campus Jazz Club, bringing to the college such performers as Dizzy Gillespie, Dave Brubeck, Woody Herman, Count Basie, the Modern Jazz Quartet, Duke Ellington, and Stan Kenton. He also hosted a jazz radio show – "Jazz Hot and Cool" – on the campus station WOBC.
After graduating from Oberlin and spending time in the U.S. Armed Forces, Neumann returned home to Chicago to begin working at New Metal Crafts, a family business that manufactures fine-lighting products. At the same time, Neumann began intentionally building his nascent collection of jazz recordings and memorabilia. Over the course of more than five decades, Neumann has amassed what is possibly the largest private collection of jazz-related material in the world.
In addition to collecting, Neumann and his wife Susan Neumann founded Bee Hive Records in 1977. The company recorded and released seventeen jazz albums between 1977 and 1984, featuring musicians including Pepper Adams, Curtis Fuller, Clifford Jordan, Nick Brignola, and Johnny Hartman.
Neumann continues actively collecting today from his residence in the Chicago area.
Repository: Oberlin Conservatory Library Special Collections
Access Restrictions: The Collection is currently being processed, cataloged, and digitized, and this finding aid will be updated regularly as new materials come available for use. For more information on the collection, contact Conservatory Library special collections staff at: firstname.lastname@example.com.
Use Restrictions: The copyright interests in this collection have not been transferred to Oberlin College. For more information, contact Conservatory Library staff.
Preferred Citation: [Identification of item], James R. and Susan Neumann Jazz Collection, Oberlin Conservatory Library


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A Guide for Jewish Adults with Disabilities
The Board of Deputies of British Jews, August 13, 2007
Topic: Education, Law, Finance, Employment, Training, Housing, Disability and Special Needs, Religion, Recreation, Jobs
Genre: Pamphlet
Coverage: United Kingdom
Language: English
Copyright Holder: Publisher
Copyright Information: Download for personal use, freely distribute link
Bibliographic Information:
A Guide for Jewish Adults with Disabilities. The Board of Deputies of British Jews. 13 August 2007: http://www.bjpa.org/Publications/details.cfm?PublicationID=14871
» View Publication
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subset: commoncrawl


text:
Expert Firm's `Gated Network' May Have Included Insiders, Prosecutors Say
Primary Global Research LLC, the consulting firm whose employee was arrested in the U.S. crackdown on insider trading, uses a "gated network" of experts that can help clients make investment decisions.
Some of the experts employed by the Mountain View, California-based firm were insiders at publicly traded companies who shared nonpublic information about forthcoming results with its hedge-fund clients, according to sworn testimony by FBI agent B.J. Kang unsealed yesterday by U.S. prosecutors in New York.
"Certain hedge funds ask firm consultants about their respective companies' revenue numbers and how their companies will report their earnings numbers prior to their earnings report," Kang testified. "Some firm consultants will talk about their companies' revenue numbers and some do not."
Authorities arrested Don Ching Trang Chu, who was Primary Global's Taiwan liaison, on charges that he arranged to provide inside information to hedge-fund clients. The arrest was part of a crackdown led by Preet Bharara, the U.S. Attorney in Manhattan, whose latest push is centered on whether expert- network companies arranged for their money-manager clients to receive nonpublic information.
Primary Global has not been charged with wrongdoing.
Chu was with the firm for about seven years, Dan Charnas, a spokesman for the firm, said in an e-mailed statement.
"Based upon recent events, PGR has severed its 2 relationship with Mr. Chu," Charnas said.
Chu's sources in Asia were typically employees of technology companies, according to the government documents released yesterday.
Travel Plans
Jim Margolin, a spokesman for the FBI's New York Office, said Chu was arrested at his home in Franklin Township, N.J. Chu was scheduled to leave the country for Taiwan on Nov. 28, Margolin said.
Kang testified that Chu indicated in 2009 that an employee of Broadcom Corp. gave the chipmaker's revenue figures to the founder of a New York hedge fund before the earnings results were released.
Primary Global says on its website that "experts are explicitly instructed to decline to comment in subjects that represent information that is confidential or proprietary to the organization they are affiliated with."
The firm matches customers with experts in eight industry groups, including technology, Internet and health care. Its "exclusive client base and gated network maximize the value of incremental information, giving institutional investors and analysts a strategic advantage when making investment decisions," the firm says on its website.
Largest Networks
"If you know it's stolen information and you sell it, you are liable like the thief himself," Tamar Frankel, a corporate governance professor at Boston University, said in a telephone interview.
Primary Global is one of the 10 largest expert networks in the U.S., Michael Mayhew, chairman of Integrity Research Associates in New York, said in an interview. There are about 40 expert networks, the biggest being Gerson Lehrman Group Inc. in New York, Mayhew said.
Consultants employed by Primary Global can earn "hundreds of dollars per hour" and clients pay "tens of thousands of dollars annually for access to the firm's consultant network and services," Kang testified.
Primary Global also receives payments in "soft dollars," as clients direct trades through the firm's trading platform, according to the documents released by U.S. prosecutors. The firm is a broker-dealer with a trading desk, it says on its website.
Firm's Founding
Founded in 2004, Primary Research is led by Chief Executive Officer Unni Narayanan, a former Intel Corp. executive. Before that, Narayanan worked at International Business Machines Corp., according to his profile on professional networking site LinkedIn.com.
Chu, 56, established a relationship with Richard Choo-Beng Lee, a former partner at San Jose, California-based hedge fund Spherix Capital LLC, prosecutors say in the unsealed documents. Lee was employed as an analyst by SAC Capital Advisors LLC, the Stamford, Connecticut, hedge fund run by Steven A. Cohen, from 1999 to 2004.
Lee's fund paid Chu's firm, identified by prosecutors only as based in Mountain View, California, for tips, according to the government's 18-page complaint. Chu passed along inside information regarding technology company Atheros Communications Inc. and one of his contacts at Sierra Wireless Inc. tipped off a hedge-fund client with revenue and other key figures, according to the complaint.
Last year, Lee pleaded guilty to insider trading at Spherix Capital. He is cooperating with investigators in their probe of Galleon Group LLC, the New York-based hedge fund that shuttered after its billionaire founder, Raj Rajaratnam, was charged with insider trading. Rajaratnam has denied wrongdoing and is scheduled for trial next year.
To contact the reporter on this story: Sree Vidya Bhaktavatsalam in Boston at firstname.lastname@example.com
To contact the editor responsible for this story: Christian Baumgaertel at firstname.lastname@example.com


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|"Tamas Bartus (tbartus)" <email@example.com>
|Re: st: margin and conformability error after constrained mlogit
|Fri, 28 May 2004 08:57:33 +0200
Adrian Gonzalez-Gonzalez <firstname.lastname@example.com> asks: > I am constraining the coefficients of some explanatory variables > to be zero > in a Multinomial model. After that, when I use margin I get the > followingerror (program below): > conformability error > r(503); > > Margin works fine without the constraint option in mlogit. I want > to know if there is any way to overcome this problem with margin. As the author of margin, I have no idea what went wrong. I think you are the first who encountered this problem. Could you send me a log file to have a look at it? The log file should include the complete mlogit output. Tamas ------------------------------------------------ Tamas Bartus, PhD Associate Professor, Department of Sociology and Social Policy Budapest University of Economic Sciences and Public Administration 1093 Budapest, Fovam ter 8. Phone: +36-1-217-51-72 Fax: +36-1-217-44-82 Homepage: http://www.bke.hu/bartus * * For searches and help try: * http://www.stata.com/support/faqs/res/findit.html * http://www.stata.com/support/statalist/faq * http://www.ats.ucla.edu/stat/stata/
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Bollywood superstar gets emotional at Yash Chopra's Chautha ceremony, Robert Vadra, son-in-law of Congress chief Sonia Gandhi, gets a clean chit by the Haryana government in his alleged involvement in improper deals with realty giants DLF, Microsoft's new tablet, the Surface RT, has been criticized by reviewers for its lack of available apps, and after bestsellers Five Point Someone, 3 Mistakes of My Life, One Night @ the Call Center and 2 States turned into movies, Chetan Bhagat is scripting yet another one for Salman Khan's Kick. Here are the most read stories on hindustantimes.com
SRK gets emotional at Yash Chopra's Chautha ceremony
Recalling the time spent with the late director Yash Chopra, Shah Rukh Khan said that he has lost a father figure. Read more
Vadra gets clean chit, Kejriwal attacks Cong and BJP
Land deals between businessman Robert Vadra, son-in-law of Congress president Sonia Gandhi, and realty group DLF were done according to rules, four Haryana government officials have reported after investigations. Read more
The Surface RT: good hardware, bad software, say reviewers
Ahead of its launch, Microsoft's new tablet has been criticized by reviewers for its lack of available apps -- and therefore uses -- compared with its closest rivals. Read more
Chetan Bhagat penning script for Salman Khan's Kick
Chetan Bhagat whose bestsellers Five Point Someone, 3 Mistakes of My Life, One Night @ the Call Center and 2 States have been adapted into Bollywood films, would script Salman Khan's Kick now. Read more


text: Well for years i have owned a Subaru Legacy Wagon and i new the next car i would have to get would need to be a WRX. Finally two deployments later I have settled down in San Diego at least till the next deployment and bought a 2002 Impreza WRX wagon. The guy i bought it from did some very minor mods but ill be looking to expand on that. Super excited about going throughout this site. What up guys!


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Thanks, Graham's for 50 great years
To the Editor:
Twenty-one years ago, our family moved into Lake Oswego and met its heart.
Rather than drive to a big box chain, we chose to shop locally and discovered Graham's Book and Stationery.
While Paul and his son carried a lovely (and very heavy) desk up two flights of stairs on a Sunday morning in time for Bob's birthday, Paul talked about Rotary's polio eradication project, boy scout opportunities and great schools with welcoming parent clubs.
Paul and Teri drove Hood-To-Coast vans filled with our teenage runners; planned downtown parades where we cheered kids on crepe paper decorated bicycles, and led downtown redevelopment efforts.
When a beloved bookstore owner retired, Graham's expanded their book department, specializing in Northwest authors. A toy store closed, and Grahams added more toys. I opened a home office, and everything I need I've found there. Economies fluctuate, needs change, but Paul's welcome and Teri's smile never waver.
Graham's is passing a historic milestone. Thank you, Paul and Teri Graham, for civic leadership, personal friendship and 50 years of outstanding business and community service.
Linda and Bob Brown
Lake Oswego
Review forgets day for vets, not Safeco
To the Editor:
Did the staff of the Lake Oswego Review forget something? What is November 11th? It is on your calendars I am sure. Why yes of course it is Veterans Day. I realize there was an election on November 6th. How could one forget, your paper is full of the results. Is that an excuse for not one single word in the Review concerning the day set aside to remember the veteran? I don't think so. Election Day usually falls close to Veterans Day. It would have been outstanding if you had asked your readership to send a greeting card to a disabled Veteran. I have received e-mails this week asking for cards to be sent to disabled veterans. Didn't anyone on the staff receive them? If you ever visited a Veterans hospital with men and women patients who have returned from Iraq missing limbs, you might have a much different attitude. But let me not interfere with the important stuff like the bond issue that the people must now face and vote on to do whatever is to be done to the Safeco building.
William E. Campbell
Col (Ret.) USA
Lake Oswego
Mayor's quotes send poor message
To the Editor:
In the November 8th edition of the Lake Oswego Review, Mayor Hammerstad was quoted as saying 'Now we need to start healing from the division caused by this election'. Just the day before she was quoted in the Oregonian as saying 'I'm really blown away. This (the election) illustrates once again that we have responsible, supportive and wonderful citizens', which sounds like she believes that those who didn't support the purchase of the Safeco building were irresponsible, unsupportive (of the City) and terrible citizens.
Not the greatest way to start the healing process, Madam Mayor.
Rick Parfrey
Lake Oswego
Despite election, battle just starting
To the Editor:
The voters have spoken relative to Measures 3-269 and 3-273. I accept those votes and the will of the people on the measures as written.
I agree that had the limit been set at $5 million rather than $2 million, much of the objection to Measure 3-269 would have been eliminated and the measure would have passed. But as the blind man said, hindsight is always perfect.
Regarding passage of Measure 3-273, the voters said only that the property should be retained in a non-binding, no cost referendum, but that's easy to do when people are misled to believe they don't need to get their checkbooks out. Further, registered voters who did NOT vote in this election may well vote in a bond measure election. Will they be willing to pay increased taxes for a property which has no known reasonable use? It's a quandary for city council: We don't know what to do with the property, but we want to keep it, and we want you to pay for it for 20 years.
Now that I know the outcome of the election, while I am pleased that a vote regarding Safeco has finally taken place over the objections of city council, I am resigned to the fact that this battle is only beginning, and it's going to be a prolonged, agonizing one for us all.
Gordon Umaki
Lake Oswego
Election thanks and next steps
To the Editor:
First and foremost, a huge thanks to everyone who signed our petition, worked on our campaign, and voted for Measure 3-269! We had fun and worked hard on something we are passionate about - citizen involvement in government. Our deepest and sincere gratitude to all of you.
We also want to thank Councilor Kristin Johnson for pushing her fellow councilors to put Safeco on the ballot. She showed genuine leadership on this issue. Like us, she wanted to give Lake Oswegans a chance to vote.
Now what? In his Oregonian article of Nov. 9th, reporter Dana Tims points out that an election for approval of a bond measure is needed to finance the purchase '... because the city, in making the hasty acquisition, took out a $20 million line of credit that needs to be paid off.' But Mayor Hammerstad said in the same article that we shouldn't 'rush' a bond measure to the Nov. 2008 ballot! Instead, she wants to continue depleting our property tax reserves to the tune of at least $1,200,000 per year. Voters on both sides of this issue should demand a vote as early as possible for a bond measure to pay off this expensive line of credit!
Mayor Hammerstad wants our city to 'come together' and to 'heal'. Councilor McPeak wants 'civility'. Our fear is that 'coming together' is a euphemism for 'business as usual', and that 'civility' means 'don't question us'. We hope not. The council's actions in the coming months will speak volumes about its sincerity in wanting this community to heal.
Mary Olson
Ask Lake Oswegans
Lake Oswego
Congrats go out to Lakeridge
students and staff
To the Editor:
Congratulations to the Lakeridge Pacer staff and student body for bringing Pacer Pride back to Lakeridge. From the singing of the National Anthem to the circling of the football team on the field after the game against Lake Oswego High School, the Lakeridge students showed amazing school spirit and made me proud to be a Pacer alum and parent. Go Pacers!
Susan Steger
Lake Oswego


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Room Additions San Diego: Choosing San Diego Home Remodeling Contractors–Call 858-222-4943
Choosing the right room additions San Diego contractor is the most important factor in a successful San Diego home remodeling project. The wrong contractor can make the building process a nightmare, costing you time, money and many headaches. The right contractor can ensure a pleasant experience, a quality project and a smooth process. In the video and article below we will give you advanced tips that you likely haven't seen anywhere else.
We're here to help. We've recorded a short video providing tips for choosing San Diego home remodeling contractors:
Choosing the Right Contractor – Room Additions San Diego – Tip #1:
- Review the contractor's payment schedule. Reputable room additions San Diego contractors will not ask for upfront money to cover labor or materials in order to start your San Diego home remodeling project. If the contractor needs your money to fund the beginning of the project, beware! The San Diego room additions contractor you choose should have detailed schedules outlining each phase of work and only after each phase is complete and approved by you should payments be requested.
Choosing the Right Contractor – Room Additions San Diego – Tip #2:
- Ask and compare approximate times of completion. Often untrustworthy contractors will tell you what you want to hear instead of the truth. They will claim they can finish your project faster than everyone else in order to win your business. The reality is that construction takes time. You want a San Diego home remodeling contractor who is honest and that sets reasonable expectations. If a contractor begins the project by lying to you about timing, they'll likely lie to you about many more things throughout your room addition.
Choosing the Right Contractor – Room Additions San Diego – Tip #3:
- Consider their responsiveness. During your initial meetings, consider how responsive the contractor is to your questions. Also consider their follow through on deliverables and timing. If a contractor is not responsive or misses deadlines while trying to win your business, imagine what they'll be like after they've started your project.
Choosing the Right Contractor – Room Additions San Diego – Tip #4:
- Ask yourself if you would you go into business with the contractor. Asking this question is important. You will be working with and relying on this person every step of the way. They will advise you on how to maintain your budget on materials and finishes. The will also be inside your home and around your family throughout the coming months. Do you feel like you can trust this person? Are you confident in their integrity and competency? If not, do not hire them.
A final point to remember is that once you choose a contractor for your San Diego room addition you're stuck with them. It is very costly and not easy to change contractors in the middle of a project. In addition, most reputable San Diego room additions contractors will not be willing to put their name on a project begun by an untrustworthy contractor. So carefully chose your contractor based on the considerations above. Doing so will help you make a wise choice and will help you to avoid being yet another construction horror story.
For more tips on choosing the right San Diego home remodeling contractor, fill in the form on the right or if you would like to learn more about our construction firm, click here. Also, feel free to contact us at 858-222-4943.


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/// Land Shark, Two Wild and Crazy Guys and Schweddy … Yahoo Adds 38-Year SNL Archive to Site
Yahoo CEO Marissa Mayer said in a blog post that the Silicon Valley Internet giant had reached an agreement with Broadway Video to "feature Saturday Night Live content exclusively on Yahoo! The partnership gives Yahoo! users exclusive access to the entire 38-year archive of SNL content as well as clips from the current season." The content will be available across Yahoo's sites, she said. While a lot of the content is already widely available across the Web and for years — thus, kind of stretching the idea of exclusive a bit — having it all in one place online, as the Church Lady says: "Isn't that special ?"
Read the rest here:
Land Shark, Two Wild and Crazy Guys and Schweddy … Yahoo Adds 38-Year SNL Archive to Site
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I have tried many dry shampoos only to have my hair feeling like straw and as the day went on, made hair look horrible. Possibly could be that i didn't follow directions all the time, mostly just sprayed, ran fingers through and went. This one however, because I spent more on it, I did exactly what said and I was amazed. I will definitely be ordering this full size product. I could have went a third day without washing. Hair was smooth, not stiff and nothing like straw texture of others. Is at least worth trying.5


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Contact OCT BEC Enquiries
Catalogue No. H42-2/67-12-1997IN
This guidance has been developed by the appropriate ICH Expert Working Group and has been subject to consultation by the regulatory parties, in accordance with the ICH Process. The ICH Steering Committee has endorsed the final draft and recommended its adoption by the regulatory bodies of the European Union, Japan and USA.
In adopting this ICH guidance, Health Canada endorses the principles and practices described therein. This document should be read in conjunction with the accompanying notice and the relevant sections of other applicable guidances.
Guidance documents are meant to provide assistance to industry and health care professionals on how to comply with the policies and governing statutes and regulations. They also serve to provide review and compliance guidance to staff, thereby ensuring that mandates are implemented in a fair, consistent and effective manner.
Guidance documents are administrative instruments not having force of law and, as such, allow for flexibility in approach. Alternate approaches to the principles and practices described in this document may be acceptable provided they are supported by adequate scientific justification. Alternate approaches should be discussed in advance with the relevant program area to avoid the possible finding that applicable statutory or regulatory requirements have not been met.
As a corollary to the above, it is equally important to note that Health Canada reserves the right to request information or material, or define conditions not specifically described in this guidance, in order to allow the Department to adequately assess the safety, efficacy or quality of a therapeutic product. Health Canada is committed to ensuring that such requests are justifiable and that decisions are clearly documented.
In the three ICH regions, the evolution of drug development strategies and evaluation processes has led to the establishment of regional guidances on general considerations for clinical trials and the process of clinical development of pharmaceuticals for human use. This harmonised guidance is derived from those regional documents as well as from ICH Guidances.
The ICH document "General Considerations for Clinical Trials" is intended to:
For the sake of brevity, the term "drug" has been used in this document. It should be considered synonymous with "investigational (medicinal) product", "medicinal product" and "pharmaceutical" including vaccines and other biological products. The principles established in this guidance may also be applied to other clinical investigations (e.g. radiotherapy, psychotherapy, surgery, medical devices and alternative therapies).
The principles and practices concerning protection of trial subjects are stated in the ICH Guidance on Good Clinical Practice (ICH E6). These principles have their origins in The Declaration of Helsinki and should be observed in the conduct of all human drug investigations.
Before any clinical trial is carried out, results of non-clinical investigations or previous human studies should be sufficient to indicate that the drug is acceptably safe for the proposed investigation in humans. The purpose and timing of animal pharmacology and toxicology studies intended to support studies of a given duration are discussed in ICH M3. The role of such studies for biotechnology products is cited in ICH S6.
Throughout drug development, emerging animal toxicological and clinical data should be reviewed and evaluated by qualified experts to assess their implications for the safety of the trial subjects. In response to such findings, future studies and, when necessary, those in progress should be appropriately modified in a timely fashion to maintain the safety of trial participants. The investigator and sponsor share responsibility for the protection of clinical trial subjects together with the Institutional Review Board/Independent Ethics Committee. The responsibilities of these parties are described in ICH E6.
Clinical trials should be designed, conducted and analysed according to sound scientific principles to achieve their objectives; and should be reported appropriately. The essence of rational drug development is to ask important questions and answer them with appropriate studies. The primary objectives of any study should be clear and explicitly stated.
Clinical studies can be classified according to when the study occurs during clinical development or as shown in Table 1 by their objectives. (The illustrative examples are not intended to be exhaustive). The cardinal logic behind serially conducted studies of a medicinal product is that the results of prior studies should influence the plan of later studies. Emerging data will frequently prompt a modification of the development strategy. For example, results of a therapeutic confirmatory study may suggest a need for additional human pharmacology studies.
The availability of foreign clinical data should obviate the need to generate similar data in an ICH region if the ICH E5 and ICH E6 guidances are followed. (see ICH E5).
This section covers issues and considerations relating to the development plan and to its individual component studies.
Important considerations for determining the nature of non-clinical studies and their timing with respect to clinical trials include:
The need for non-clinical information including toxicology, pharmacology and pharmacokinetics to support clinical trials is addressed in the ICH M3 and S6 documents.
For the first studies in humans, the dose that is administered should be determined by careful examination of the prerequisite non-clinical pharmacokinetic, pharmacological and toxicological evaluations (see ICH M3). Early non-clinical studies should provide sufficient information to support selection of the initial human dose and safe duration of exposure, and to provide information about physiological and toxicological effects of a new drug.
The basis and direction of the clinical exploration and development rests on the non-clinical pharmacokinetic and pharmacology profile, which includes information such as:
Formulations used in clinical trials should be well characterised, including information on bioavailability wherever feasible. The formulation should be appropriate for the stage of drug development. Ideally, the supply of a formulation will be adequate to allow testing in a series of studies that examine a range of doses. During drug development different formulations of a drug may be tested. Links between formulations, established by bioequivalence studies or other means are important in interpreting clinical study results across the development program.
|Type of Study
|Objective of Study
|Study Examples
Table 1 footnotes
|Human Pharmacology
|-Assess tolerance -Define/describe PKTable 1 footnote 1
and PDTable 1 footnote 2
-Explore drug metabolism and drug interactions -Estimate activity
|-Dose-tolerance studies
-Single and multiple dose PK and/or PD studies
-Drug interaction studies
|Therapeutic Exploratory
|-Explore use for the targeted indication
-Estimate dosage for subsequent studies
-Provide basis for confirmatory study design, endpoints, methodologies
|-Earliest trials of relatively short duration in well-defined narrow
patient populations, using surrogate or pharmacological endpoints
or clinical measures
-Dose-response exploration studies
|Therapeutic Confirmatory
|-Demonstrate/ confirm efficacy
-Establish safety profile
-Provide an adequate basis for assessing the benefit/risk relationship to support licensing -Establish dose-response relationship
|-Adequate, and well controlled studies to establish efficacy -Randomised
parallel dose- response studies -Clinical safety studies
-Studies of mortality/ morbidity outcomes -Large simple trials -Comparative studies
|Therapeutic Use
|-Refine understanding of benefit/risk relationship in general
or special populations and/or environments -Identify less common adverse
-Refine dosing recommendation
|-Comparative effectiveness studies -Studies of mortality/morbidity
outcomes -Studies of additional endpoints
-Large simple trials -Pharmacoeconomic studies
Clinical drug development is often described as consisting of four temporal phases (Phase I-IV). It is important to recognise that the phase of development provides an inadequate basis for classification of clinical trials because one type of trial may occur in several phases (see Fig 1.). A classification system using study objectives as discussed in section 2.2 is preferable. It is important to appreciate that the phase concept is a description, not a set of requirements. It is also important to realise that the temporal phases do not imply a fixed order of studies since for some drugs in a development plan the typical sequence will not be appropriate or necessary. For example, although human pharmacology studies are typically conducted during Phase I, many such studies are conducted at each of the other three stages, but nonetheless sometimes labelled as Phase I studies. Figure 1 demonstrates this close but variable correlation between the two classification systems. The distribution of the points of the graph shows that the types of study are not synonymous with the phases of development.
Figure 1 - Correlation between Development Phases and Types of Study
This matrix graph illustrates the relationship between the phases of development and types of study by objective that may be conducted during each clinical development of a new medicinal product. The shaded circles show the types of study most usually conducted in a certain phase of development, the open circles show certain types of study that may be conducted in that phase of development but are less usual. Each circle represents an individual study. To illustrate the development of a single study, one circle is joined by a dotted line to an inset column that depicts the elements and sequence of an individual study.
Drug development is ideally a logical, step-wise procedure in which information from small early studies is used to support and plan later larger, more definitive studies. To develop new drugs efficiently, it is essential to identify characteristics of the investigational medicine in the early stages of development and to plan an appropriate development based on this profile.
Initial trials provide an early evaluation of short-term safety and tolerability and can provide pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic information needed to choose a suitable dosage range and administration schedule for initial exploratory therapeutic trials. Later confirmatory studies are generally larger and longer and include a more diverse patient population. Dose-response information should be obtained at all stages of development, from early tolerance studies, to studies of short-term pharmacodynamic effect, to large efficacy studies (see ICH E4). Throughout development, new data may suggest the need for additional studies that are typically part of an earlier phase. For example, blood level data in a late trial may suggest a need for a drug-drug interaction study, or adverse effects may suggest the need for further dose finding and/or additional non-clinical studies. In addition, to support a new marketing application approval for the same drug e.g. for a new indication, pharmacokinetic or therapeutic exploratory studies are considered to be in Phase I or Phase II of development.
Phase I starts with the initial administration of an investigational new drug into humans.
Although human pharmacology studies are typically identified with Phase I, they may also be indicated at other points in the development sequence. Studies in this phase of development usually have non-therapeutic objectives and may be conducted in healthy volunteer subjects or certain types of patients, e.g. patients with mild hypertension. Drugs with significant potential toxicity, e.g. cytotoxic drugs, are usually studied in patients. Studies in this phase can be open, baseline controlled or may use randomisation and blinding, to improve the validity of observations.
Studies conducted in Phase I typically involve one or a combination of the following aspects:
Phase II is usually considered to start with the initiation of studies in which the primary objective is to explore therapeutic efficacy in patients.
Initial therapeutic exploratory studies may use a variety of study designs, including concurrent controls and comparisons with baseline status. Subsequent trials are usually randomised and concurrently controlled to evaluate the efficacy of the drug and its safety for a particular therapeutic indication. Studies in Phase II are typically conducted in a group of patients who are selected by relatively narrow criteria, leading to a relatively homogeneous population and are closely monitored.
An important goal for this phase is to determine the dose(s) and regimen for Phase III trials. Early studies in this phase often utilise dose escalation designs (see ICH E4) to give an early estimate of dose response and later studies may confirm the dose response relationship for the indication in question by using recognised parallel dose response designs (could also be deferred to Phase III). Confirmatory dose response studies may be conducted in Phase II or left for Phase III. Doses used in Phase II are usually but not always less than the highest doses used in Phase I.
Additional objectives of clinical trials conducted in Phase II may include evaluation of potential study endpoints, therapeutic regimens (including concomitant medications) and target populations (e.g. mild versus severe disease) for further study in Phase II or III. These objectives may be served by exploratory analyses, examining subsets of data and by including multiple endpoints in trials.
Phase III usually is considered to begin with the initiation of studies in which the primary objective is to demonstrate, or confirm therapeutic benefit.
Studies in Phase III are designed to confirm the preliminary evidence accumulated in Phase II that a drug is safe and effective for use in the intended indication and recipient population. These studies are intended to provide an adequate basis for marketing approval. Studies in Phase III may also further explore the dose-response relationship, or explore the drug's use in wider populations, in different stages of disease, or in combination with another drug. For drugs intended to be administered for long periods, trials involving extended exposure to the drug are ordinarily conducted in Phase III, although they may be started in Phase II (see ICH El). ICH El and ICH E7 describe the overall clinical safety database considerations for chronically administered drugs and drugs used in the elderly. These studies carried out in Phase III complete the information needed to support adequate instructions for use of the drug (official product information).
Phase IV begins after drug approval. Therapeutic use studies go beyond the prior demonstration of the drug's safety, efficacy and dose definition.
Studies in Phase IV are all studies (other than routine surveillance) performed after drug approval and related to the approved indication. They are studies that were not considered necessary for approval but are often important for optimising the drug's use. They may be of any type but should have valid scientific objectives. Commonly conducted studies include additional drug-drug interaction, dose-response or safety studies and studies designed to support use under the approved indication, e.g. mortality/morbidity studies, epidemiological studies.
After initial approval, drug development may continue with studies of new or modified indications, new dosage regimens, new routes of administration or additional patient populations. If a new dose, formulation or combination is studied, additional human pharmacology studies may be indicated, necessitating a new development plan.
The need for some studies may be obviated by the availability of data from the original development plan or from therapeutic use.
A number of special circumstances and populations require consideration on their own when they are part of the development plan.
Major active metabolite(s) should be identified and deserve detailed pharmacokinetic study. Timing of the metabolic assessment studies within the development plan depends on the characteristics of the individual drug.
If a potential for drug-drug interaction is suggested by metabolic profile, by the results of non-clinical studies or by information on similar drugs, studies on drug interaction during clinical development are highly recommended. For drugs that are frequently co-administered it is usually important that drug-drug interaction studies be performed in non-clinical and, if appropriate in human studies. This is particularly true for drugs that are known to alter the absorption or metabolism of other drugs (see ICH E7), or whose metabolism or excretion can be altered by effects by other drugs.
Some groups in the general population may require special study because they have unique risk/benefit considerations that need to be taken into account during drug development, or because they can be anticipated to need modification of use of the dose or schedule of a drug compared to general adult use. Pharmacokinetic studies in patients with renal and hepatic dysfunction are important to assess the impact of potentially altered drug metabolism or excretion. Other ICH documents address such issues for geriatric patients (ICH E7) and patients from different ethnic groups (ICH E5). The need for non-clinical safety studies to support human clinical trials in special populations is addressed in the ICH M3 document.
Particular attention should be paid to the ethical considerations related to informed consent from vulnerable populations and the procedures scrupulously followed (see ICH E6).
The following important principles should be followed in planning the objectives, design, conduct, analysis and reporting of a clinical trial (see ICH guidances in Annex 1). Each part should be defined in a written protocol before the study starts (see ICH E6).
The objective(s) of the study should be clearly stated and may include exploratory or confirmatory characterisation of safety and/or efficacy and/or assessment of pharmacokinetic parameters and pharmacological, physiological, biochemical effects.
The appropriate study design should be chosen to provide the desired information. Examples of study design include parallel group, cross-over, factorial, dose escalation, and fixed dose-dose response. (See ICH E4, E6, E9 and E10). Appropriate comparators should be utilised and adequate numbers of subjects included to achieve the study objectives. Primary and secondary endpoints and plans for their analyses should be clealy stated (see ICH E9). The methods of monitoring adverse events by changes in clinical signs and symptoms and laboratory studies should be described (see ICH E3). The protocol should specify procedures for the follow-up of patients who stop treatment prematurely.
The stage of development and the indication to be studied should be taken into account in selecting the subject population (e.g. normal healthy subjects, cancer patients or other special populations in early phase development) as should prior non-clinical and clinical knowledge. The variability of groups of patients or healthy volunteers studied in early trials may be limited to a narrow range by strict selection criteria, but as drug development proceeds, the populations tested should be broadened to reflect the target population.
Depending on the stage of development and level of concern for safety, it may be necessary to conduct studies in a closely monitored (i.e., inpatient) environment.
As a general principle trial subjects should not participate concurrently in more than one clinical trial but there can be justified exceptions. Subjects should not be enrolled repetitively in clinical trials without time off treatment adequate to protect safety and exclude carry-over effects.
In general, women of childbearing potential should be using highly effective contraception to participate in clinical trials (see ICH M3).
For male subjects, potential hazards of drug exposure in the trial to their sexual partners or resulting progeny should be considered. When indicated (e.g. trials involving drugs which are potentially mutagenic, or toxic to the reproductive system), an appropriate contraception provision should be included in the trial.
Trials should have an adequate control group. Comparisons may be made with placebo, no treatment, active controls or of different doses of the drug under investigation. The choice of the comparator depends, among other things, on the objective of the trial (see ICH E9 and E10). Historical (external) controls can be justified in some cases but particular care is important to minimise the likelihood of erroneous inference.
The size of a trial is influenced by the disease to be investigated, the objective of the study and the study endpoints. Statistical assessments of sample size should be based on the expected magnitude of the treatment effect, the variability of the data, the specified (small) probability of error (see ICH E9) and the desire for information or subsets of the population or secondary endpoints. In some circumstances a larger database may be needed to establish the safety of a drug. ICH El and ICH E7 suggest a minimum experience to assess safety for a registrational database for a new indication. These numbers should not be considered as absolute and may be insufficient in some cases (e.g. where long-term use in healthy individuals is expected).
Response variables should be defined prospectively, giving descriptions of methods of observation and quantification. Objective methods of observation should be used where possible and when appropriate (see ICH E9).
Study endpoints are the response variables that are chosen to assess drug effects that are related to pharmacokinetic parameters, pharmacodynamic measures, efficacy and safety. A primary endpoint(s) should reflect clinically relevant effects and is typically selected based on the principal objective of the study. Secondary endpoints assess other drug effects that may or may not be related to the primary endpoint. Endpoints and the plan for their analysis should be prospectively specified in the protocol.
A surrogate endpoint is an endpoint that is intended to relate to a clinically important outcome but does not in itself measure a clinical benefit. Surrogate endpoints, may be used as primary endpoints when appropriate (when the surrogate is reasonably likely or well known to predict clinical outcome).
The methods used to make the measurements of the endpoints, both subjective and objective, should be validated and meet appropriate standards for accuracy, precision, reproducibility, reliability, and responsiveness (sensitivity to change over time).
The protocol should specify methods of allocation to treatment groups and blinding (see ICH E9 and E10).
The study should be conducted according to the principles described in this guidance and in accordance with other pertinent elements outlined in ICH E6 and other relevant ICH guidances (see Annex 1). Adherence to the study protocol is essential. If modification of the protocol becomes necessary a clear description of the rationale for the modification should be provided in a protocol amendment (see ICH E6). Timely adverse event reporting during a study is essential and should be documented. Guidance is available on expedited reporting of safety data to appropriate officials and on the content of safety reports and on privacy and confidentiality of data (see ICH E2A and E2B and ICH E6).
The study protocol should have a specified analysis plan that is appropriate for the objectives and design of the study, taking into account the method of subject allocation, the measurement methods of response variables, specific hypotheses to be tested, and analytical approaches to common problems including early study withdrawal and protocol violations. A description of the statistical methods to be employed, including timing of any planned interim analysis(es) should be included in the protocol (see ICH E3, ICH E6 and ICH E9).
The results of a clinical trial should be analysed in accordance with the plan prospectively stated in the protocol and all deviations from the plan should be indicated in the study report. Detailed guidances is available in other ICH guidances on planning of the protocol (ICH E6), on the analysis plan and statistical analysis of results (ICH E9) and on study reports (ICH E3).
Studies are normally expected to run to completion, although in some studies the possibility of early stopping is formally recognised. In such cases this should be clearly described in the protocol with due statistical attention to the overall levels of statistical significance and to the need to adjust the estimates of the size of treatment effects (ICH E9).
Safety data should be collected for all clinical trials, appropriately tabulated and with adverse events classified according to their seriousness and their likely causal relationship (see ICH E2A).
Clinical study reports should be adequately documented following the approaches outlined in other ICH guidances (see E3 and E6).


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With the three major metro area airports already stretched thin, New York Port Authority officials are considering ways to expand travelers' options.
One possibility, according to a story in this weekend's New York Times (registration required), is creating a fourth major metropolitan airport by massively expanding one of the several outlying airports.
The New York metro area is currently served by LaGuardia, JFK, and Newark airports. Islip and White Plains also receive some traffic bound for the Big Apple, but both are small and lack easy public transportation to the city. Nevertheless, they are among six regional airports that might be considered for expansion. The others are Newburgh, Trenton, Atlantic City, and Allentown.
The costs of building a new airport from scratch close to the city are widely considered prohibitive.


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Dancing On Ice and former EastEnders star Matt Lapinskas has revealed that taking part in DOI has brought him and his girlfriend Shona McGarty closer than ever…
However, at first, Shona – who plays Whitney Dean in EastEnders – was reportedly a little jealous over the amount of time Matt was spending with his pro-skating partner Brianne Delcourt, but it seems that issue has now been resolved.
Speaking to the Daily Mirror, Matt, who of course met Shona on the set of EastEnders, said, "When you work with someone you know about their day…
"I knew everything she'd done all day and she knew the same about me.
"If there was any gossip or anything else going on at EastEnders we both knew about it, so by the time we got home there was nothing to talk about and we would sit there saying, 'so what shall we watch on telly'?
"Now I'll train all week and we'll text each other, but when we spend the weekends together we've got so much to talk about.
"It's like the time we were first getting to know each other.
"The show has been really good for our relationship. It's healthy for us, my career, and everything else.
"Landing this show has been a real blessing in disguise. And I love to dance and entertain so it's perfect."
The paper adds, "Sitting beside Lee Valley ice rink in East London where he has trained with Brianne since October, Matt insists Shona has no jealousy issues after their chat and now that she has got to know Brianne."
Matt said, "When you spend so much time with someone you form a great relationship, but it is a relationship as friends. It's not romantic.
"We trust each other as skating partners and you need that.
"It's nice when you work hard for something and your family can come at the end of the week and support you, meet your skating partner and get to know them.
"Brianne and I haven't had a single row throughout the series. Shona has shouted at me a few times but only because she's so scared of me breaking something.
"She says things like, 'Please don't hurt yourself, please don't drop Brianne and hurt her', but she's been a fantastic support all the way through.
"Shona is texting me by the minute, asking how I'm getting on, and am I feeling good – she's been good as gold.
"She's very busy with EastEnders and I'm busy training every day, but we see each other at weekends and have a great time.
"I'm very lucky – at the moment our relationship really is spot on. There's never been a feud between me and her, or between Shona and Brianne.
"As soon as they met everything was fine. We support each other 100%.
"It's great to have that relationship because some partners might struggle with jealousy, but fortunately she's not that sort of girl."
Aww bless. Here's a reminder of Matt and Shona together at an awards ceremony…


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Adult restorative justice services are receiving an extra $2 million in funding by the Government, Justice Minister Simon Power announced today.
Restorative justice helped address the harm done to victims, held offenders to account for their crimes, and reduced re-offending, Mr Power said.
"What we've found is this stuff works, that chance of re-offending after doing one of these restorative justice conferences drops back by about 20 per cent.
"It's the first real evaluation that's been able to hook into re-offending rates and we're always keen for things that stop recidivism."
At the moment restorative justice received about $2m a year.
In 2011/2012 and 2012/1013 restorative justice would receive an extra $500,000, and in 2013/2014, and the following years, an extra $1m, Mr Power said.
He said he was not writing off spending more on restorative justice in the future.
"I think that capacity is there at the moment to handle the increases, now we've announced 'look it's been successful' and it's a nice change from stories where these re-offending rates aren't a success."
Maori Party justice spokeswoman Rahui Katene said she welcomed the increase in funding.
"We have always maintained that the cure is in the care.
"Today's investment specifically includes a commitment to increase the number of restorative justice conferences to be held in areas with high Maori populations and high offending."
Rethinking Crime and Punishment director Kim Workman, and joint recipient of the 2005 international prize for restorative justice, said the Government's decision to support restorative justice programmes would be a great boost for those who had supported restorative justice.
A newly published report said offenders who took part in restorative justice conferences in 2009 had a re-offending rate 20 per cent lower than similar offenders who did not take part, she said.
"Hopefully, this announcement will put paid to the Sensible Sentencing Trust's base-less claims that restorative justice doesn't work.
"We have always known that most victims who take part in a restorative justice conference are highly satisfied with the outcome -- now it's official."


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Legitimacy, peace operations and global-regional security : the African Union-United Nations partnership in Darfur
- Responsibility
- Linnéa Gelot.
- Language
- English.
- Imprint
- London ; New York : Routledge, 2012.
- Physical description
- xiv, 179 p. : ill. ; 25 cm.
- Series
- Security and governance series.
Available online
Green Library
More options
- Author/Creator
- Gelot, Linnéa.
- Bibliography
- Includes bibliographical references (p. [153]-169) and index.
- Contents
- 1. Introduction: Impacts of AU-UN Collaboration Part 1: The Regional-Global Debate, International Legitimacy and Civilian Protection 2. The Regional-Global Debate and Mutual Legitimation 3. African Regional Organisations and the UN Part 2: The AU-UN Relationship, Mutual Legitimation and Civilian Protection in Darfur 4. The AU's Legitimation of the AU-UN Response in Darfur 5. The UN's Legitimation of the AU-UN Response in Darfur 6. AMIS, UNAMID and Civilian Protection 7. Conclusion: Coming Together To Protect?
- (source: Nielsen Book Data)9780415526531 20160610
- Publisher's Summary
- At the turn of the century the regional-global security partnership became a key element of peace and security policy-making. This book investigates the impact of the joint effort made by the African Union (AU) and the United Nations (UN) to keep the peace and protect civilians in Darfur. This book focuses on the collaboration that takes place in the field of conflict management between the global centre and the African regional level. It moves beyond the dominant framework on regional-global security partnerships, which mainly considers one-sided legal and political factors. Instead, new perspectives on the relationships are presented through the lens of international legitimacy. The book argues that the AU and the UN Security Council fight for legitimacy to ensure their positions of authority and to improve the chances of success of their activities. It demonstrates in regard to the case of Darfur why and how legitimacy matters for states, international organisations, and also for global actors and local populations. Legitimacy, Peace Operations and Global-Regional Security will be of interest to students and scholars of International Relations, African Security and Global Governance.
(source: Nielsen Book Data)9780415526531 20160610
- Subject
- United Nations > Peacekeeping forces > Sudan > Darfur.
- African Union.
- Peace-building > Sudan > Darfur > International cooperation.
- Civil war > Protection of civilians > Sudan > Darfur > International cooperation.
- Security, International > Africa > International cooperation.
- International agencies > Sudan > Darfur.
Bibliographic information
- Publication date
- 2012
- Series
- Security and governance series
- 9780415526531 (hardback)
- 0415526531 (hardback)
- 9780203113172 (ebook)
- 0203113179 (ebook)
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Pakistan proposes a bilateral hockey series with India
"We have sent a memorandum to HI for a bilateral series. Pakistan has approved it," said Pakistan coach Tahir Zaman.
Mumbai: Pakistan Hockey Federation (PHF) has recently sent a proposal to revive the bilateral series against India and are now awaiting a reply from Hockey India (HI), according to the country's hockey coach Tahir Zaman.
"We have sent a memorandum to Hockey India for a bilateral series. Pakistan has approved it. Being the national coach of Pakistan Hockey team, I can mention this. We are waiting to get a letter of understanding from Hockey India," the former Pakistan captain told reporters here on Thursday.
"Soon, we want not only the senior team, but the junior, under-14, under-16 even state-level teams; we are thinking of playing on that level. The interaction should happen on a regular basis," said Zaman who will be a expert commentator in Hindi for Star Sports when it telecasts the Hockey India League (HIL) starting on January 25.
"I am very much hopeful. Soon we will see Pakistan-India hockey games, some matches in Pakistan and some matches in India, on every level," he said. "We are very serious about it and Hockey India is also very serious about it. This [bilateral series] can be an event that can increase the number of hockey players and viewers. We have written about the suitable dates, so that we can discuss.
"There are going to be many events in India. So whichever date is suitable for them, we will try to play accordingly," he added.
The 1992 bronze medal-winning Pakistan Olympic team member said a bilateral series between India and Pakistan would help both the nations as they would learn to play under pressure, which would hold them in good stead for their international matches.
"When Pakistan and India play, it is very special for both the countries. In the event, when there is so much interest from the public, it ultimately creates pressure on players.
"When players play under pressure, they do improve psychologically. When we play more matches and the players learn to play under pressure, then at the international level their hockey skills will be polished further," the 44-year-old former player said.
"Present-day hockey is about performing under pressure. When Pakistan and India start playing on a regular basis, the players get used to playing in front of big crowds, then their performance at the international level would also be better and it would be good for both the teams," Zaman said.
Asked if artificial turf for hockey is to be blamed for the decline of both the countries that once ruled the game, the former Pakistan player said it wasn't the case.
"I wouldn't blame astro-turf. Even after astro-turf was introduced, both India and Pakistan have won matches. In the 1980 Olympics, India won and in the 1984 Olympics Pakistan won.
"But unfortunately with the advancement of the game and new rules, the coaching standards did not improve and that is why we have not been that successful in producing quality players like we did 30-40 years ago," he said.
"We can provide quality players again but I don't think it is possible to expect that it will change overnight. But I am confident India and Pakistan can return to the same position, which they enjoyed earlier," he added.
Zaman is a little disappointed with the absence of Pakistan players in Hockey India League (HIL) starting in two days' time.
"I am a little disappointed because of this. I feel this event could have been more exciting for spectators and Pakistan public would have been involved if their players were playing. We could have seen skill versus European Hockey that is hit and run... I hope the next time Pakistan players also play in HIL," he said.
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5 (2) 4 (2) 3 (0) 2 (0) 1 (1)
3.8 stars 3.8/5 Stars Average score of 5 user reviews spread across 4 releases and 0 DLC
Review: Sine Mora (Xbox Live Arcade) 2
The dual developed Sine Mora puts you in the cockpit as an anthropomorphic ace pilot fighting droves of enemies.Sine Mora is an interesting albatross of a video game, a joint development between the Japanese studio Grasshopper Manufacture and Hungary's own Digital Reality. This shoot-em up sneaks into the foray with some gorgeous visuals for an Xbox live arcade title, as well as classic top-down shooting action. In Sine Mora's story mode you're tasked to play through a series of levels as variou...1 out of 1 found this review helpful.
Sine Mora: ...What? 0
Sine Mora first sprung to my attention from its association with Grasshopper, of whom I grew especially fond of during the period of No More Heroes and Shadows of the Damned being some of the best games to bring back the old-school, insane-yet-fun culture that game's were originally built around.I can honestly say that the only reason I even gave this game a second glance was because of this association, as you'll soon find out, it is one of the most incomprehensible, unnecessarily dark and aggr...2 out of 8 found this review helpful.
Sine Mora puts great gameplay and nice looks in a shoot-em-up 0
Even though I'm not the greatest at playing shoot-em-ups, I find the genre's gameplay thoroughly stimulating. I love the challenge they bring to me as a gamer, testing my skill to the limits of what my eyes and fingers can keep up with. Beyond a few massive titles, the genre never really sold when put in stores as a disc product. Yet with gamers having easy access toPSN and Xbox Live Arcade, the genre has found a place to sell itself. A wave of solid titles hit over the years, including the like...0 out of 0 found this review helpful.
Sine Mora Review 0
The studio behind the controversial designer of games such as Goichi Suda and Digital Reality has given us Sine Mora, an arcade style shooter with some unique mechanics that make it truly worth playing.So how can I describe Sine Mora? In nut shell, it is an arcade style side scrolling shoot em up mixed in with some japanese style. Although you wouldn't even guess that the game was japanese considering that the characters in the game all speak Hungarian. To my knowledge this is the first XBLA gam...0 out of 0 found this review helpful.
Worth every cent 0
I wrote as a comment on Brad's review of the game that I was happy with the $15 I had spent on the game, and that it warranted at least a 4/5. That was about at about 5 hours of game time. I'm almost three times that deep into it now and I can fully reiterate that sentiment.The game is absolutely gorgeous and I really find myself just stopping at staring at some of the environments (much to my detriment on some of the harder difficulties). The story is incredibly intriguing and dark as hell, whi...0 out of 0 found this review helpful.
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RAT Links 8.11.11
From yesterday's Read Aloud Thursday post:
- Mary @ Homegrown Learners higlights a couple of biographies her children have enjoyed. I love that she took advantage of a book her family received as a gift for some spontaneous artist study!
- Alice @ Supratenorial shares a miscellaneous trio of her children's favorites.
- Catherine @ A Spirited Mind writes about a couple of beloved children's classics: James and the Giant Peach and Sarah, Plain and Tall. My girls have only experienced one Dahl story (Charlie and the Chocolate Factory), and I haven't been able to convince Lulu to read Sarah, Plain and Tall yet, but I concur that both of these are not-to-be missed. (I was saving Sarah for Lulu to read on her own since it's a short, relatively easy chapter book. I think she gave it a try, though, and was maybe scared off by the fact that Caleb and Anna's mother had died.)
- Amanda @ Nursery Rhymes and Fun Times showcases several buggy picture books this week. I was surprised and pleased to see The Icky Bug Alphabet Book on her list; this is one we added to our personal library from way back when my soon-to-be-teenage nephew (who loved bugs!) was a tot. Ah, memories! 🙂
- Jade @ Hey, It's Jade! shares a couple of titles this week: I'd Be Your Hero and The Complete Book of Farmyard Tales. Check out Jade's post!
- Bluerose @ Bluerose's Heart reviews My First Hands-On Bible. Although we have an abundance of Bibles and Bible story books for preschoolers at the House of Hope, this one sounds like one I'd like to add to our collection!
- Carrie @ Reading to Know reviews A Mouse Called Wolf by Dick King-Smith. This one looks like a lot of fun!
- In this inaugural RAT post from Home School Parent there is a hearty recommendation of Dinosaurs before Dark, as well as lots of related educational links. Please join me in welcoming this new blog to RAT!
- Books 4 Learning offers reviews of Nighty Night! and three different versions of the Rapunzel fairytale (including one published just this year!) If you haven't yet, do check out Books 4 Learning—this blog contains a wealth of good bookish information and teaching strategies!
- Serena @ Casting Pearls recommends several new-to-me titles this week: Raccoon Moon and Lost on a Mountain in Maine, as well as some familiar and well-loved ones.
I have had some problems posting comments on Blogger and Blogspot blogs, so if I haven't commented on your post, please know that I did try! 🙂
Have a lovely weekend!


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Has anyone ever made a quilt top of jeans? Have any suggestions....
Welcome to the Quilting Board!
Has anyone ever made a quilt top of jeans? Have any suggestions....
No, I haven't, but my aunt just called me and wanted me to make one using her daughter's jeans(she passed away last year) and she just can't part with her clothes. I suggested making a rag quilt with them. She doesn't have to get rid of her clothes and always has her daughter near her.
Our church has an outreach group "New to You" ... where they take in clothes that are in good shape and sell on consignment.
They only sell garments that are in perfect condition - any rips, buttons off, etc they divert to other charities, and some go into quilts (donors know how this works before they donate).
They have been making tons of quilts from the clothes that aren't resold - and lots are jean quilts. Usuallly they cut the garments into 9" squares. When they're cutting up the jeans, they often end up including the pockets - these make the most awesome quilts! Many of these end up being given to Mission services, go to homeless folk.
Have done up quite a few of these quilts, they use every kind of fabric - even crimpolene!!
The ones from jeans are a favorite - they will mix various colours of denim, from skirts, shirts, pants. They're wonderful! They can be very heavy - and are good candidates for 'rag quilts' - the frayed edge - layered with flannel. And they will mix other fabrics in with the denim - similar weights - also work out very well.
I haven't actually cut up any of the jeans, only sewn the squares together. They have a specialist who can whip through the jeans to get the most fabric out of them. Seams are left as they are (placed about 1/3 or 1/2 of the square).
I've been collecting my kids' jeans as they discard, but these are still on my 'to-do' list!
I've made several. Love 'em for camp outs. Each of our seven children have made me promise to get them one made, and they all donate jeans. I'll have to get some photos on here. They are HEAVY. I like to put flannel witn them. I try to choose a pattern that doesn't have a lot of intersecting seams in the center.
I have made 4 jean quilts. I love to make those. When we first moved to Ky. our home didn't have good heating and those jean quilts came in real handy. My 14 yr old son sleeps with his everynight. The top is his old jeans and the back is his old t-shirts. When I wash it he gets real impatient waiting for it to dry.
Cut them into squares back them with flannel and make awesome rag quilts :D:D:D If you google rag quilts, there are many different patterns available and many are free :D:D:D
Oh man, I hate to snip rag quilts! Although the finished ones are sure pretty! I even have the fiskar snips, but it's a job I avoid!
here are a couple I've made...the ragged edge is accented with pockets, etc. from jeans my kids wore...I included stains...Originally Posted by harleyquinn2323
I have made one that is circles with squares of cotton fabric inside the circle. Sort of a cathedral window style maybe?? I cut 6 inch circles and 4 inch squares...and used 400 circles. My son absolutely loves it...says he doesn't really need anything else on the bed. :D
It's on my to do list.


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Touch - Season 1 Episodes
"The Road Not Taken"
Martin Bohm (Kiefer Sutherland) is a widower and single father who is haunted by an inability to connect to his emotionally challenged 11-year-old son, Jake (David Mazouz). But when Martin discovers that Jake can predict events before they happen, everything changes. Martin meets social worker Clea Hopkins (Gugu Mbatha-Raw) and Professor Arthur Teller (guest starDanny Glover) who may have the keys to help unlock Jake's mind.
Martin Bohm (Kiefer Sutherland), a widower and single father trying to connect with his mute 11-year-old son Jake (David Mazouz), is led to a pawn shop where a robbery triggers a sequence of unpredictable events that connect a distraught flight attendant in New York, a son visiting from India on a mission to spread his father's ashes, a middle school magician in Moscow, a cancer patient in New York and a mobster in the Bronx. It's up to Jake and Martin to link the thread between them all.
"Safety in Numbers"
When Martin comes in contact with a homeless man who possesses the same obsession with numbers as Jake, he sets out on a series of seemingly unrelated tasks that connect an abused African woman, a group of African boys entering a dance competition and an outgoing woman at California's famed Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival. Meanwhile, Teller (guest star Danny Glover) pays a visit to Jake's board-and-care facility and emotions run high for Clea.
"Kite Strings"
Martin crosses paths with a young man who has a history with his deceased wife, Sarah. A couple managing an online instrument repair business work with an Iraqi heavy metal band that has a teenage follower who is looking to share his comedic talent with an American soldier (guest star Sprague Grayden) in Baghdad. But the soldier has troubles of her own when her convoy is ambushed, forcing her to hide in the Iraqi desert. Then, a lottery winner comes upon a depressed pastor.
Martin gets his laptop stolen on the day Jake is scheduled for an important evaluation. As a result, he becomes ensnared in a young Salvadoran woman's quest to avenge the death of her family. Meanwhile, Teller (guest star Danny Glover) tries to reconnect with his estranged daughter. Also, a spirited Saudi Arabian girl tries to break free of the societal constraints imposed on her and a Montreal doctor attempts to meet a stranger on a train.
"Lost and Found"
As Martin and Clea work together to uncover a shocking development involving Clea's mentally-challenged mother, Teller (guest star Danny Glover) steps into trouble when he visits Jake at the board-and-care facility. Meanwhile, a plane crash survivor seeks new purpose to his existence and a Chinese couple struggles to find balance between work and life.
"Noosphere Rising"
In the aftermath of recent events, Martin (Kiefer Sutherland) searches for Teller's hideaway and ends up aiding a professor (guest star Eyal Podell) in a high-stakes game of poker. A connection is made between an Italian man (Alberto Frezza) hoping to reach the love of his life with the help of a viral video and a city slicker (Sean McGowan) struggling with the fate of his deceased father's ranch in Australia. Meanwhile, Martin's sister-in-law, Abigail (guest starCatherine Dent), drops in on Clea (Gugu Mbatha-Raw) and Jake (David Mazouz) at the board and care facility.
"Zone of Exclusion"
Following numbers from Jake, Martin helps reunite a French woman with her biological mother and twin sister, then he attempts to find the person responsible for their estrangement. In the meantime, a superstitious young Italian woman is fretting when her astronaut husband loses contact with earth.
"Music of the Spheres"
Martin exposes a corrupt parole officer (guest star Scott Michael Campbell), and a Brazilian street musician (guest star Louis Ferreira) uses his guitar to win the heart of a beautiful woman. In addition, Jake bonds with another mute boy (guest star Tre C. Roberts), while Clea and Martin learn new information about one of Teller's key patients.
When Martin is mistaken for a criminal, he must involve himself with a heist crew in order to win back an innocent dock worker's job. Meanwhile, an Israeli boy (guest star Sean Peavy) and Palestinian girl (guest star Eden Modiano) fight to keep their relationship afloat. Clea uncovers some surprising documents about Jake, while Martin and his late wife's sister (guest star Catherine Dent) meet to make a pivotal decision.
"Gyre (Part 1 of 2)"
As the Aster Corporation increases their interest in Jake, Martin joins forces with Abigail (guest star Catherine Dent) as the stakes of Jake's custody escalate. When Avram (guest star Bohdi Elfman) reiterates to Martin that Jake and Amelia, a presumed dead girl with similar characteristics as Jake, are connected, Martin sets out on a passionate mission to uncover the truth. Meanwhile, circumstances intensify when Lucy (guest star Maria Bello) enters the picture and seemingly unrelated events are tied together.
"Gyre (Part 2 of 2)"
As the Aster Corporation increases their interest in Jake, Martin joins forces with Abigail (guest star Catherine Dent) as the stakes of Jake's custody escalate. When Avram (guest star Bohdi Elfman) reiterates to Martin that Jake and Amelia, a presumed dead girl with similar characteristics as Jake, are connected, Martin sets out on a passionate mission to uncover the truth. Meanwhile, circumstances intensify when Lucy (guest star Maria Bello) enters the picture and seemingly unrelated events are tied together.


text: Hello all, Just saying hello. I have been reading these forums for quite some time and often have found useful info along the way. Some of your guides and how-to's are excellent. Hopefully I may be able to contribute as I continue to tinker.... as I can't seem to help doing.


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Slashdot It! From mainframes to minicomputers and then PCs, each new computing generation has displaced its predecessor by reaching a broader audience and costing far less. And each time, the dominant company in one generation loses control in the next. That's why the PC industry's commanding chip maker, Intel, might do well to be alarmed by the computer chips being designed by Qualcomm, a maker of chips for cellphones. An engineer at Qualcomm's gleaming corporate campus here demonstrated a palm-sized circuit board capable of displaying high-definition video. What was striking about the demonstration was not the quality of the video images, which is now commonplace. Rather it was that the microprocessor chip, called Snapdragon, drives the display with less than half the power of a similar chip recently introduced by Intel. Qualcomm designers say it will also cost less. As the PC shrinks in size, it is on a collision course with the multifunction cellphone. Many expect the resulting impact to transform both devices and all the companies that make them. The new smartphones, always-on portable Internet devices that are part cellphone, part computer, change the rules of the game in computing because computing speed — at which Intel excelled — is no longer the most important factor. For a cellphone relying on a small battery, how efficiently a chip uses power becomes more important. The new mobile world represents a special challenge for Intel, which until four years ago ignored the issue of increasing power consumption in its flagship X86 chips, which have been the PC industry standard for almost three decades. Other chip makers have not ignored power consumption. Just this month at Computex, a huge computer and consumer electronics trade show held each year in Taiwan, the Silicon Valley graphics chip maker Nvidia demonstrated a small mobile computer that worked five times as long on a battery as a similar portable machine powered by Intel's most recent low-power chip. Qualcomm and Nvidia share a chip design licensed from a relatively tiny British chip firm, ARM Holdings. ARM has had a big impact on the communications world. Its processors sell for substantially less than Intel's more powerful X86 chips and are far more numerous: they are standard for the cellphone industry. Cellphones outsell PCs by about five to one. "This battle is being fought in ARM's backyard, not Intel's," said Michael Rayfield, general manager of Nvidia's mobile group. In addition to Qualcomm and Nvidia, there are more than 200 licensees of the ARM processor design, including major chip makers like Marvell and Texas Instruments. Together, they supply the more than 1.1 billion cellphones, many of which use multiple ARM chips. The chips are also used in a growing array of special purpose consumer electronics like G.P.S. navigators and set-top TV boxes. Dominating the large and growing cellphone market is only half the battle. Both the X86 and ARM camps are eagerly eyeing a new market known within the consumer electronics industry as M.I.D.'s, or mobile Internet devices. They are betting that this year represents the beginning of a boom in a new class of computing device — things like shrunken laptops called netbooks, personal G.P.S. navigators and handheld game systems, as well as an expanding array of idiosyncratic gadgets that connect wirelessly to the Internet for every conceivable purpose. For example, at Computex, one company displayed a handheld device intended solely for people looking to car-pool. Outside the United States, the less expensive M.I.D. computers are expected to expand penetration of computers into new markets. In the United States and Europe, however, there is a debate about whether the new machine will remain a niche category. Anand Chandrasekhar, a vice president and manager of Intel's mobile platforms group, said he expects portable computers to be much like bicycles. Not only will people use different ones for different applications — like road bikes and mountain bikes — but they will also outgrow them. "As a child, I had a bike for my size, and as I grew, my bike changed," he said. Intel, the world's largest chip maker, is now well aware of the threat from ARM. It is focusing vast resources on the low-power microprocessor market and says it is catching up quickly in power efficiency with its ARM competitors. This month, the first netbooks using a new Intel chip, the Atom, began to be shipped. Intel says more than 30 products will use the Atom. Via NYT Get Daily Updates via Email Protect your computer with Windows Onecare
Tuesday, July 01, 2008
Intel's Dominance Is Challenged by a Low-Power Upstart
Geeking out with Chew Jek Hui at 6:07 PM
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Wee Sing Musical Bible: A Collection of Bible Stories and Songs
Children will love the combination of music and reading in this celebration of the Bible s best-loved stories from both the Old and New Testaments. A classic song, a simple verse, and a devotional prayer accompany each timeless story alongside full-color illustrations. Some of the short stories include:
- God s Creation - Baby Moses - Strong Samson - David and Goliath - Wise Solomon - And more!
A glorious sing-and-read-along set for your child.
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- Business Version
Some manufacturers place restrictions on how details of their products may be communicated.
I Love Vista 07/10/2008
This review is from: Microsoft Windows Vista 64-Bit Business for System Builders Single Pack DVD
From disc insertion to desktop took about 15 minutes (WAY faster than installing XP), found drivers for every component in my system (including 6 USB devices, one of which was my printer) right off the bat (I love not having to install the motherboard drivers off the CD), tons of useful built-in features that aren't found in XP, supports up to 128 GB of RAM, gets better every month.
UAC is annoying (though easily disabled), software/hardware compatibility not as good as XP (has improved drastically over the last 1.5 years and continues to improve w/ each passing month), still requires some tweaks to get rid of some annoyances (i.e. slow shutdowns).
Other Thoughts:
Vista has really turned around since it was released and it is now what I would consider Microsofts best operating system at the moment (and in the near future). I wouldn't consider anything else for a new computer. I know there's a lot of Vista hate out there, but, for the record, I own 4 computers; 1 Vista-based gaming PC, 1 Vista-based laptop, 1 OS X 10.5-based iMac, and 1 XP-based media computer (which used to be my main computer). Based on long-term personal experience, I still say Vista is the best out of all 3.
Did you find this review helpful? Yes / No Thanks for the valuable feedback you provided!


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Dune Saga HTML version
hapter 1
You don't like the Rules of the Game.
Play it.
Win it.
Change it.
Emperor Dax Atreides
It was late. It was hot. It was humid.
This was Dune – Desert Planet – Sole provider of the Spice Melange; thus the center of the
[V] A Reverend Mother in Commando Uniform walked into the compound, unchallenged.
She snorted in disgust, so much for security on a planet that housed House Corrino.
She headed for the desert exhibit and stared, it was a true attempt at reconstructing the
desert of Arakkis.
She checked her pack and entered…[V]
Dax Atreides sat up suddenly and looked around wildly. As he settled his heart rate he realized
that it had been a dream. This one, however, was different. It felt real. Almost like déjà vu. Of
late things around him were changing. He corrected the thought. No, he was changing, which
was why he had returned to the Sietch, he was searching for normalcy. Dax was a member of
Mick'N Sietch, located near Arakkis City. Of course "near" was a relative term. It normally
took a worm ride to get just to the edge of the city. Dune was a desert planet and pulsated to the
laws of nature, intensely hot days and extremely cold nights.
Of late that seemed to be changing – like him, like tonight. It was hot and Dax couldn't sleep
and the dream now had him wide-awake. He finally got off his sleeping mat and removed the
soaking wet shirt that he had been wearing and replaced it with a dry one. With the remnants of
the dream lingering in his mind he left his sleeping quarters.
Dax loved his people, his home world and desert life but he was also Atreides, descended from
Paul Maud'Dib. Every now and then, though some radical would remind him that he was not
native. It was sad that after twenty two thousand years of living, breathing, loving and breeding
on Arakkis that some people still didn't accept his family. It really didn't matter. He was
Fremen and that was all Shai-Hulud had ordained.
Unprotected by a still-suit, [Dad would have a fit] he thought; he stepped outside. It was silent
as only the desert could be. Everyone was asleep, but for the camouflaged security and the night
creatures of the wilderness. He walked through the Sietch, but for some concessions to