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If you go to this site you will see some great Videos.
When you get in click on the flag in the upper right it will turn to British flag. then go to the search section at the left and put in bees. Some videos are not in English but they are still good
The ones with the green hive boxes and the lady bee keeper are the best.
Check out how she uses the goose feather.
This is a very good video C 13136 put that number in the search section. Has anyone done swarm prevention that way?
I would like to know more about the green hive boxes if anyone has information let me know.


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1516: Two Bavarian dukes issue a decree that limits the ingredients used in brewing beer to barley, water and hops.
Referred to today as the Reinheitsgebot (purity ordinance), the decree has come to be known as a beer-purity law that was intended to keep undesirable or unhealthy ingredients out of beer. But the original text doesn't explicitly state the reasoning behind the regulation.
An English translation of the decree simply states,"We wish to emphasize that in future in all cities, markets and in the country, the only ingredients used for the brewing of beer must be barley, hops and water."
In fact, the main intent of the decree had more to do with bread than beer.
"The government simply didn't want people using valuable grains for beer," said historian Maureen Ogle, author of Ambitious Brew: The Story of American Beer. "I think it was really just an attempt to keep beermakers from infringing on the territory of people who made bread."
Ensuring cheap bread was critical in times of food scarcity, a real problem for 16th-century Bavaria. While barley is not very digestible and consequently does not make for good eating, grains like wheat and rye are great for bread. The Bavarian leadership wanted to head off competition for those grains, in order to keep the price of food down.
An unintended side effect of the regulation may have been a purer brew, but Ogle suspects the idea that purity motivated the rule may have germinated after World War II, when Germany's economy was struggling.
"After the war, they were looking for ways to bolster their economy, and one thing they could do is export beer," Ogle said. "My educated guess is it's directly connected to this drive."
The beer-purity angle probably really took hold in the United States in the 1960s as craft brewing was becoming more popular, Ogle said. The Reinheitsgebot is still discussed on beer blogs today.
"If here had been no craft-beer movement, there wouldn't be anybody sitting around talking about this law today," she said.
The name Reinheitsgebot did not appear in print until 1918, and wasn't applied beyond Bavaria until 1871 when the German Empire was formed. According to the German Beer Institute, the law became an official part of the tax code in 1919 — despite the protestations of brewers — when Bavaria refused to join the Weimar Republic unless the law was enforced throughout the republic.
Until Germany joined the European Union in 1987, a version of the Reinheitsgebot was still part of the German tax code, with the addition of yeast (until Louis Pasteur came along, yeast's role in fermentation wasn't known), and the inclusion of ingredients that can also be used in other food, such as wheat.
Many German brewers still proudly claim to follow the Reinheitsgebot, and beers that do comply get special protections as a traditional food. It's used as a marketing tool, and the beers have "Gebraut nach dem deutschen Reinheitsgebot" (brewed according to the German Purity Ordinance) on the label.
Today the penalty for not abiding by the Reinheitsgebot may only be the upturned noses of some American craft brewers. But in the 16th century, the consequences of brewing an offending beer were far more dire: They lost the beer.
"Whosoever knowingly disregards or transgresses upon this ordinance, shall be punished by the court authorities' confiscating such barrels of beer, without fail."
Source: Various
Image: No, these soldiers are not confiscating transgressive beer. The caption says, "Preparations for the Kaiser's birthday celebration at the front. Beer delivered from home is unloaded." On the left-hand inset, "Zensiert" means "censored." Circa 1915-1918.
Courtesy New York Public Library
See Also:
- April 7, 1933: Gimme a Tall, Cold One
- It's Beer O'Clock! Watch Has Built-In Bottle Opener
- Why Geologists Love Beer
- How Wired.com Built Beer Robot, Our DIY Kegerator
- Beer Gear, From Can to Refrigerator Robot
- April 23, 1827: Shedding a Ray of Light on Rays of Light
- April 23, 1940: Batteries Included, and They Don't Leak
- April 23, 1984: AIDS Virus Disclosed, and a Premature Promise Made
- Aug. 10, 1519: Magellan Sets Sail Into History

subset: commoncrawl


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Jan 31, 2012 - By Emily Etheredge Staff WriterBlustery winds proved to be a deterrent as members of the Fremont County Solid Waste Disposal District, the Wyoming Game and Fish Department and other volunteers worked Saturday to scatter donated Christmas trees across the west side of Ocean Lake.
Volunteers were only able to distribute roughly 400 of the 500 donated trees because of melting ice and winds that ranged from 60 to 70 mph.
Once the trees sink, they will provide habitat for the fish living in the lake. Species of fish in the lake include pan fish, crappie, blue gill, sunfish, yellow perch and walleye.
"The whole purpose is to help create good fish habitat for the fish in the lake, and it is an enjoyable event for everyone involved," said Game and Fish fishery biologist Paul Gerrity.
He described the conditions Saturday as harsh and said that as the day progressed, it became increasingly difficult to get the trees properly situated around the lake.
"The wind was really bad, and the ice started deteriorating, so we all felt it was really unsafe to continue trying to distribute the trees," Gerrity said.
The trees were grouped together in stacks of 10, then weighed down with cinder blocks.
But the wind was picking up even the weighted trees and blowing them away. Volunteers struggled to keep them in one spot.
"Once the wind would clip the trees that were weighted down, they would blow away, and we were spending our time chasing after the trees that had these huge weights on the bottom of them," Gerrity said.
The leftover trees will hopefully be distributed in February or when weather conditions permit.
"We had about 20 volunteers trying to corral these trees, and it ended up being just a really messy day with weather conditions not necessarily allowing us to finish the job," he said.
Gerrity estimated that about 100 more trees were donated this year.
"It seemed to me we had a lot more trees than last year because we typically have in between 300, 500," Gerrity said. "We had another good turnout this year with lots of trees, and great participation from the local anglers who fish in the lake."
Get your copy of The Ranger online, every day! If you are a current print subscriber and want to also access dailyranger.com online (there is nothing more to purchase) including being able to download The Mining and Energy Edition, click here. Looking to start a new online subscription to dailyranger.com (even if it is for just one day)? Access our secure SSL encrypted server and start your subscription now by clicking here.


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Eminem took over Saturday Night Live performing two songs off his new album "The Marshall Mathers LP 2." One of Eminem's performances included his hit "Berzerk." Check it out in the above video. And, if you'd like to hear the full album stream of Eminem's new record, click the below link:
LISTEN: Eminem The Marshall Mathers LP 2 Full Album [MP3 STREAM]
Eminem's new album "The Marshall Mathers LP 2" has been dropped via livestream ahead of time. The album's official release isn't until November 5, 2013.Click here to read more
Now, enjoy Eminem's performance of "Survival" from his SNL gig in the below clip:
Eminem killing it on SNL with Rick Rubin as his DJ pic.twitter.com/IqFiZYoBXa
— BAD DAY (@ThoseAvonSteps_) November 3, 2013
WATCH: Eminem Performs 'Rap God' at the YouTube Music Awards 2013
One word: Eminem. Watch the master's performance at the YouTube Music Awards 2013.Click here to read more


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Came home Tuesday evening to find a swarm in my tree at home. Upon further checking, it was the swarm that I caught at home on Sunday that apparently wasn't happy with their new home. So I caught them in a bucket and dumped them back into their hive. I added a 2nd hive body on, so they feel like they have lots of room.
I went and picked up the swarm lastnight that I had caught Tuesday morning. I have expected if any were going to abscond, it would be them - it was a good sized swarm and they are in a single deep with about 6 frames - I just more frames in the mail yesterday. But sure enough, they were in there, so they came home to their new spot in the bee yard.
Tonight I'll make up a 2nd hive for them and get all of their frames and foundation in for them.


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Soldering copper pipe in tight location- Help Needed Pics included
6 Attachment(s)
Hey guys, need some help with soldering a frost free sillcock and I have a lot of questions. I'm a very basic DIY guy, so please excuse me for my ignorance, I don't know much and am still learning things... but I can do things well with good instructions and I really enjoy learning. And I have been working on repairing a leaky frost free faucet for my parents. There was a rusted bolt on the faucet that wouldn't budge after trying various methods (pb blaster, tapping with hammer, etc) so basically it seems it should be easier to just replace the entire sillcock instead of the washer/etc inside. The sillcock is about 30 years old anyways.
I've attached a bunch of pictures so you can see what I'm working with. It's a pretty tight space, due to the layout of the wooden support beams and the copper tubing, black insulated/rubbery pipe, and electrical wires that get in the way of the actual copper plumbing. But I have a couple of questions:
1) First, I won't do things if there is a serious safety concern. I don't know jack about a lot of Home repair things, and since there is a thin copper tubing (not the copper plumbing), black tube, and electrical wire that is close to the copper plumbing, I was worried about getting a propane torch in there. The thin copper tubing and black tube combo appears to go to one or both of my parents' gas furnace units. As you can see in the photos below, I've included the pics of the furnaces. I didn't want a flame in there to burst a pipe and cause some explosion or something.
2) As you can see from the photos, the frost free sillcock appears to be screwed on to the copper pipe. I tried removing it by holding the sillcock with a vise grip locking wrench while holding the copper piping with channel lock pliers, and it just won't budge. I didn't want to use too much force as I may accidentally put too much pressure on the copper piping. I wanted to spray it with pb blaster to loosen, but then quickly realized that would not be best since I may end up not getting it off anyways, in which case I would have to solder it and propane and pb blaster do not mix! Is it normal to not be able to get off old sillcocks that are screwed on... resulting in having to cut them out?
3) The other question I have is can I use a small butane pen torch to solder in this area? Since the area is so tight, I thought it would be best to use smaller torch, but then again a small butane torch pen may not be able to get hot enough for the solder to run properly.
4) Also, there is a shut off valve, seen in the pictures, that shuts off water to the sillcock. If I have to solder the new sillcock on, can I just leave that shut off valve in the closed position while I solder the sillcock on? Or will that melt a washer or something in the shut off valve? The shuff off to the whole house is old, and water leaks a bit even when I shut off water to the whole house, so I thought I could maybe just leave the shut off valve to the sillcock closed as well to prevent any leaking.
5) And any safety precautions you recommend for soldering in this tight space? So far all I was thinking was maybe gloves and impact resistant glasses. Are heat rags necessary in this case?
I apologize for this lengthy post, if the sillcock and copper piping were in a very accessible area with no obstructions, I would simply just cut it out and solder a new one on, but with the cramped workspace and the three unidentified wires/tubings... I want to be extra safe. Like I said, with instructions, I can do quite a lot, but I just don't have any experience soldering yet and want to be safe given this cramped space. I've remodeled a bathroom before myself (with your guys' help). I had to rip out a tub and install a new tub, install new drain plumbing underground, install water proof protection, and tile the surround. So I can do some things okay, but I just need some instruction.
Thanks for any help, I appreciate ithttp://cdn.plumbingforums.com/forum/...lies/smile.gif
that is soldered on if it was me i would shut of water cut copper after figuring out the correct distance needed for new frost free hose bib of correct length with a shark bite threaded on it with teflon then you will not need to solder
1 Attachment(s)
also the shut off that is leaking when shut off try gently tightening the packing nut
is this a dripping outside petcock for a garden hose or is the body cracked from the winter? the copper lines are the freon runs between the condensers(outside)and the furnaces(inside).if this is a outside yard water for a hose that valve should be closed in winter then open the outside valve to vent it....lets hear backNOTE if the connection in the pix was BRAZED your torch won't unswet it...it's not hot enough
that hose bib is a frost free so as long as there was not a hose left on it when it was freezing temp. the odds of it cracking are rare
Hey guys, thanks for the replies. To answer your question, the frost free faucet is for an outside garden hose. It is leaking outside from the faucet but the bolts to remove parts from it and access the washer/etc is too rusted on for me to remove it and so I am replacing it.
Jaydevries, I would love to use a shark bite or some push/compression fitting, but aren't these bad to use in walls due to them leaking after a few years. I thought that was against plumbers' rules, but I could be wrong. I would actually prefer using a fitting instead of soldering in this tight space, but I thought that it would leak after a few years.
all that is is a rubber screwed on gasket that goes on that seat in the nutted handle that unsrews.shut the inside and remove the handle.if you have more then on outside shut the hose city water feed and do them all...spray the body with WD40 and double wrench the valve slight jerk to break it out
You don't need to sweat in a tight space---cut the pipe holding the old valve and remove it.
If you know how to sweat---remove the guts from your new valve--flux and solder a short length of copper to the valve--reinstall the guts---
Slide the assembly into the hole---go downstairs and mark the new pipe for a cut--cut----use a shark bite coupling compression coupling--or a soldered coupling to join the pipes.
As Jay suggested a female shark bite could be used on the hose bib as well---but threading it on up in the floor joists could be a pain.
and shark bites are legal for in wall here
The only problem i see with the sharkbite solution is if the bibb is installed in an area where it can't be secured (rock, stucco, etc...) then it will spin freely on the o-ring.
You have a valve so close-by, i'd solder it. Use a low flame to avoid harming anything else around it, it will take a while to heat up, but you will get there eventually, especially on a 1/2" line.
I did this just yesterday with a 3/4" line in a really tight spot. It took 5-6 minutes, but I was trying to avoid burning the backside of new sheetrock/paint. It worked. :)
But, i do wonder, what's your reason for replacing it? Have you tried getting new parts for it, if there's a problem with it?
Thanks for the messages, I picked up some "gator bites" that seem just like shark bites at HD. I'm assuming those are equivalent to shark bites. I also picked up my soldering equipment. At least now I have two options to choose from.. soldering or gator bites.
And Alan, to answer your question of why I am not just fixing it, well I had to remove this bolt that the sillcock head had in it to access inside to replace a washer. The bolt was rusted on, I tried using pb blaster, tapping with a hammer, etc and it wouldn't budge. The sillcock is not attached to the outside wall by screws or anything since the house is brick, so it would rotate too much when trying to unscrew and I got worried I would rotate the copper piping in the house and break a joint. I guess I could drill some holes into the brick and anchor the sillcock into the brick with plastic anchors and screws and then try it. I'm going to try to unscrew it one more time when I get back to work on it before I do anything else. If it unscrews, I'll just buy replacement parts instead of installing a new sillcock.
A closeup or two of the outside of the faucet may make it easier to advice on how to disassemble. Especially since you're saying something about a bolt, and it doesn't seem like there should be any bolts in the assembly.
2 Attachment(s)
Sure Alan, no prob, I don't know much about this stuff so I could be doing something wrong. And I believe I used the word "bolt" improperly when there is actually just a screw on the head of the faucet. Here are some pics of it below. The frost proof sillcock is about 30 years old if that helps at all.
It would be nice if I could get that screw off to try so I could just buy replacement parts but I haven't had any luck in getting it loose.
If the valve is in the open position would you have access to the bonnet nut ?
Normally the handle doesn't affect the repairs......
I can definitely try that, I will probably get a chance to check it out today after work to see if that is possible. I'll let you know when I get to it:) Thanks a bunch
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text: Dr. Helen Mayberg For the Defense – Again! By Tim Titolo on June 3, 2009 Posted in Spine Injury, Back Injury, Neck Injury and Bone Injury, Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) It's nearly impossible to tell if a former soldier convicted of killing an Iraqi family has brain damage because of the method used to scan his brain, a neurologist testified Tuesday. Dr. Helen Mayberg, a professor at Emory University in Atlanta, said the wrong protocols were used during an MRI of former Pfc. Steven Dale… Continue Reading


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Eyes wide open.
If the sun happens to be wrong, I might squint the other eye momentarily.
This is a discussion on Both eyes open ! within the General Firearm Discussion forums, part of the Related Topics category; Both eyes open....
Both eyes open.
"The Second Amendment: America's Original Homeland Security"
Eyes wide open.
If the sun happens to be wrong, I might squint the other eye momentarily.
Helpful hints on pushing back and strengthening the 2A:
One eye shut for rifle. Both eyes open for handguns.
I Shoot Birds With A Canon.
Both . . . ways, I mean.
Retired USAF E-8. Curmudgeon at large.
Lighten up and enjoy life because:
Paranoia strikes deep, into your life it will creep. It starts when you're always afraid... Buffalo Springfield - For What It's Worth
Have tried to shoot with both eyes open. Never works for me.
I shoot with my left eye closed, right eye open. Much better accuracy that way.
Shooting with both eyes open, there is no telling where the bullet will be traveling.
"A Smith & Wesson always beats 4 aces!"
The Man Prayer. "Im a man, I can change, if I have to.....I guess!" ~ Red Green
Only two defining forces have ever offered to die for you, Jesus Christ and the American GI. One died for your soul, the other for your freedom.
I asked my stock broker the other day, what I should be investing in ....his reply, canned goods n ammo !!!
Always both eyes for a pistol, one eye for a rifle...with a shot gun, heck, I could be blindfolded.OMOYMV
Proverbs 27:12 says: The prudent see danger and take refuge, but the simple keep going and suffer for it.
Certified Glock Armorer
NRA Life Member
I learned to shoot with one eye closed, but next time at the range, I'll try with both eyes open. This would allow you to keep a better eye on your target, especially if it's moving. Have to give this a try.
You can educate ignorance, you can't fix stupid
Retired DE Trooper, SA XD40 SC, S&W 2" Airweight
dukalmighty & Pure Kustom Black Ops Pro "Trooper" Holsters, DE CCDW and LEOSA Permits, Vietnam Vet 68-69 Pleiku
You will keep both eyes open if you're in a fight, and that is the case for rifle or pistol. So train with both eyes open too.
"...whoever has no sword is to sell his coat and buy one." (Luke 22:36)
Christianity and Self Defense from a Biblical Perspective
Both eyes open for all CQB shooting, handgun or long gun.
Last edited by sgb; January 8th, 2012 at 06:13 AM.
"There is a secret pride in every human heart that revolts at tyranny. You may order and drive an individual, but you cannot make him respect you." William Hazlitt (1778 - 1830)
Best Choices for Self Defense Ammunition
I have one eye farsighted and one nearsighted, poor depth perception. If I want accurate aimed fire, I close one eye. If I'm not using both front and rear sites or "point shooting" I have both eyes open. "Minute of BG" is very do-able out to 15-20yds point shooting or focusing on the front site. Beyond that, sites are necessary for reliable accuracy.
One thing to remember about closing one eye is that you lose peripheral vision to that side. This could be a fatal error in a defensive situation.
Two wolves and a lamb voting on what to have for dinner.
A well armed lamb contesting the vote.
Cross dominant here also, if I try keep the right eye open, it messes me up. I am left eye dominant, shoot rifle and shotgun lefty but can shoot handgun with either hand.
"Good decisions come from experience;
experience comes from bad decisions"


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Lowering Springs
I've been thinking about lowering my WK in the back to match the front. What are probaly the best springs? (Srt, Bwoody, eibach, etc.) I havent done this before. And where the best place to buy them that is pretty cheap but still good quality? Anyone think they are on sale anywhere for Black Friday?
Re: Lowering Springs
I have the SRT8 Eibachs and luv them, evened it out perfectly. I dont think you can buy just the rears unless someone is selling them used, so while your at it slam it I say. Remember to upgrade the shocks as well or you may/most likely blow them.
I would check the other SRT8 sites and you may find someone selling there used SRT8 springs for cheap. As far as Bwoodys I dont have any experience but lots do on here. Check out Scotts excellent write-up he posted on suspension components for some ideas.
Re: Lowering Springs
I have srt8 coils front and rear, and the rear is only 1/8" higher. Can't tell with the naked eye. OEM srt coils can be bought individually, unlike aftermarket sets, however I recommend that if you replace rears, you do fronts too. You don't want the rear stiff and the old fronts loose or springy and have the tail of your jeep come around and great you on a slippery corner. Just a word of caution. As for cheap, haunt the forums in the parts for sale sections and you can find oem srt coils for $100 or aftermarket kits for half price. You just have to be patient like a sniper....
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Virginia Cavaliers vs Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets Sun, February 24, 2013 - 2:00 PM John Paul Jones Arena in Charlottesville, VA
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text:
Did you take highschool maths or not?
You multiply the 40 by 0 before you add them.
too bad my life is shit and i'm depressed and every game i play gets boring after 10m
-snip ninja'd-
First brackets from inside out, then multiplication, then addition.
a/b=ab^-1 and a-b=a+(-b) so everything is nicely defined just like that
Now I see...
and why in god fuck did you post a link to fucking bestiality porno
what in god's fucking name
oh my god
Type it into google, it can do it better.
Code:Parentheses/Brackets | Both words refer to the same thing, | | | so whichever you learned works. \ / | \ / | Exponents | | | | \ / | \ / | Multiplication/Division | As these two are opposites, do them | | | in the order they're written, \ / | regardless of MD/DM in acronym. \ / | Addition/Subtraction | Same as MD/DM, they're opposites so | they're done in order written, who | cares how the acronym puts it.
Dammit MC3
sure you can use a pair of pliers to hammer a nail, but if you use an actual hammer it'd work a lot better
It is not like OH HEY THERE IS A MATH THINGY HERE I KNOW I WILL WRITE INTO THE CALCULADERP AND HOPE IT WORKS LOL IT LOOKS LIKE IT GOT IT RIGHT AND IDGAF!
You have to go like - Oh hey, maths. Looks like I have to divide here, I'll add this and then multiply it by this. Looks like I have to subtract, let's check if nothing is on it's way. Yep, seems to be that it won't destroy the rule of BEMDAS.
Seems to be right, does my friend have a similiar answer? Ayup! Looks like it is done!
Anybody wanna buy an old 20GB laptop HDD off me?
I'm not even good at math, I had to drop out of Calculus for the semester
He realises his mistake, time to drop it.
MC3 stop copying my hearts. It's creepy.
kidding you
wow, double mergebreak. owch.
New Page - New Topic?
i have a 25 inch ASUS and an 18 inch AOC as my secondary
1080p 21.5" Acer and a 1366x768 17" 4:3 as my secondary.


text:
Fight week for the most anticipated event of the year is upon us and the UFC 211 main card is as powerful and packed with compelling fights as any event in recent memory, but the awesomeness isn't ex read news >>
Are you an MMA fanatic? A frequent website visitor? An MMAjunkie Radio listener? We've got some threads for you.Filed under: News read news >>
Jon Jones said Friday that he defeated Daniel Cormier "after a weekend of cocaine" when the two squared off at UFC 182 in January 2015 in Las Vegas, according to ESPN.com's Brett Okamoto. UFC announc read news >>
LAS VEGAS – More than 300 UFC athletes have descended upon the promotion's brand new headquarters, but the world's largest MMA organization isn't interested in putting them to work. For one weekend, read news >>
The UFC's first annual Athlete Retreat went down in Las Vegas over the weekend with more than 300 members of the roster in attendance. Check inside for the top social media posts from the gathering.F read news >>
This weekend, the UFC returns to Sweden. Here's a look at three fighters who poised to emerge from the shadows in Stockholm. read news >>
The UFC returns to Sweden this weekend for UFC Fight Night 109, featuring a pair of former light heavyweight title challengers at the top of the card. check out our picks for the main card inside. Fi read news >>


text: Back to your thread. Your motor sounds like it's toast. It stalled when it was chewing up one of your little rod bearings. Save your pennies for an engine. I may be wrong. It's happened once or twice. Take it to a specialist and let him listen to it in person.


text:
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Colorado Springs Mayor Unveils Plan for Homeless Campus
By Andrea Chalfin News Dir. On May 8, 2013 · 2 Comments · In Colorado Springs, Homelessness, KRCC News, Liz Ruskin
Colorado Springs Mayor Steve Bach yesterday unveiled his vision for a 24-hour campus to serve the homeless. As KRCC's Liz Ruskin reports, the mayor is looking for property downtown that can provide everything from showers to meals to drug counseling.
The campus Bach imagines would serve 100 to start. It would have phones and computers so the homeless can reach family and find jobs, plus clinics, a laundromat and luggage storage. He calls it Sunrise Village, and he's already thinking beyond it.
"What if we could build enough housing for a couple-3-4-500 people over time? I think we have to think big. I know we have very limited dollars and lots of hurdles but if we can get people back into shelter, I hope you'll agree with me, there's a real chance you can change their lives."
Leaders of nonprofits serving the homeless praised the plan, though some say they're already providing such services. Others say it's not so simple. A self-described homeless man named Richard Clubs agrees.
"The true homeless are going to be homeless. You give them a nice building they'll come there and shower. They'll work for their tokens and their laundry, and that's needed but its not going to paint a picture where they're disappeared. There still going to be on the street. We're still going to have issues with them. It's what they choose."
Bach says the plan is still in flux. The project might be limited to families, or just a day center. He says he would contract with charities and enlist foundations to lessen the bill for taxpayers.
2 Responses to Colorado Springs Mayor Unveils Plan for Homeless Campus
Mark Kissinger says:
The able homeless should be encouraged to work on re-building city infrastructure: such as the Waldo Canyon burn scar flood mitigation & park maintenance. If they are disabled, their disabilities must be addressed. How else can these people be enabled to be better citizens?
Robyn Martin says:
My husband and I are a newly homeless middle-aged couple in Colorado Springs. Just the other day I commented to my husband… "If I won the ($600,000,000.00) Power Ball, I would go to the East Side and build a large homeless complex that I would name HUMANITY HOUSE and RESOURCE CENTER. I would offer a private bed and clean sleeping bag to everyone who wants one. The only exception being that I absolutely would not separate married couples who need each other's love and support more than ever in a time like this. I would offer 24-7 Shower Facilities where people wouldn't need to line up two or more hours in advance, as they do for the one and only facility (I've discovered) in the city that offers limited and, in my opinion undignified 'CLIENTS USE BACK ENTRANCE' (as posted at the facility) showers".
I wouldn't hire people who can jump in their own shower before arriving to the interview to do anything other than supervisory positions and the minimum number of full-time certified professionals. Those whom I would preferably hire would have experienced homelessness, or at least poverty, first hand. Most important, all non-resident employees would be required to treat every individual with the utmost dignity and respect, anything short of this would be an automatic dismissal. ALL JOBS that can be learned through O.J.T. would be given to homeless individuals who desire to be off the streets. Those individuals would be compensated exactly as a non-homeless employee in that position would. They would attend classes on finances and other subjects as individual need dictates and ultimately be integrated back into the community as "full-fledged" contributing members of society.
I would encourage everyone who reads this to also read "The Poor Pay All" by Herbert Gans http://www.sociology.org.uk/as4p3.pdf? and be sure to pay attention to the date it was written. The poor serve an absolute purpose in society but this is NOT the way it should be. No individuals in any society should ever be dependent in any way whatsoever upon the least able of that society. When it occurs, it is nothing short of exploitation and it only guarantees that the inequality will persist.
Why must I have a church give me days old bread when the grocery store could cut out the middle man and give it to me directly as a homeless/poor person with a card stating that I am indeed homeless/poor (yes, I've already had to get a letter from an organization, on their letterhead, confirming that I am indeed homeless!). Why must I be preached to at seemingly every turn by the church people serving me and my fellow homeless people. Why must I profess to be a Christian in order to be a Good American in today's culture???? -I am not, and could not be, such a hypocrite but the point is very real just the same.
I have a Bachelors in Sociology and a Masters in Human Relations. I NEVER planned to be homeless and I have no intention of remaining homeless any longer than absolutely necessary. I would like to also state that the owners of the apartment/hotel slums right here in Colorado Springs (who charge outrageously more from the homeless and struggling to live in their disgusting slums than the same people would pay if they could live in a cleaner complex with more square footage) are heinously exploiting the poor and downtrodden and should be ashamed of themselves. One would-be-homeless man I met rents a 9 X 12 room in a downtown apartment complex for more than 400.00/mo.!!! There is not even a kitchenette!!! Because my husband and I are two, it would cost us $525.00/month to rent the very same 9 X 12 room. I will never understand how slumlords and their managers find sleep at night!
These men and women are guided by absolute greed and nothing more. Why does the community allow them to even exist? I believe it is because the community is completely unaware but now you know. Whether the Mayor gets funding or not, at the very least these people should be stopped from exploiting the poor. If there is nothing that can be done against these landlords, help the poor by providing funds, such as first months rent and deposit for apartments that offer more square footage and the ability to prepare healthy food for oneself.
It is true that 'not every homeless person wants off the street.' But I can only speak for myself right now and yell at the top of my voice "I WANT OFF THE STREETS!!!" So far, with the systems currently in place, I can honestly say that, as a goal oriented adult and a University Graduate, getting off the streets is MUCH easier said than done.
I hope that one day I might be instrumental in improving the system far beyond what it is today, whether as a professional from the field or as a disabled volunteer.
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KRCC Member tickets on sale for $25. General Public tickets on sale for $35. VIP tickets $91.50. Day of show tickets $40 at the west gate. Tickets available through www.TicketFly.com or at KRCC.
Pre-festival Party Friday July 19th from 5-8pm at the Wyndham Grand Mining Exchange with Watermelon Slim, and Big Jim Adams!
Pre-festival shows at Jack Quinns with:
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Home > Patient's Guide > Glossary of Terms > Cerebrovascular Disease
Glossary of Terms
Cerebrovascular Disease
A disease that results in damage to the blood vessels in the brain, leading to the narrowing of arteries and affecting the supply and flow of blood. A common cerebrovascular disease is atherosclerosis, where blood vessels become blocked because of the formation of fatty deposits (plaque), which results in blood vessels leaking, breaking, bursting, or becoming weak, resulting in a stroke.
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B-17 flight to Rantoul delayed
The arrival of a World War II-era bomber due to fly into Rantoul Friday afternnon has been delayed, possibly until Saturday. The B-17 bomber Texas Raiders was scheduled to fly into the Rantoul airport Friday afternoon and will stay through Tuesday. But mechanical problems have caused a delay.
Sandy Thompson, public information specialist for Texas Raiders, said mechanics are having trouble with a "magneto drop" on engines No. 3 and 4 on the four-engine plane.
"It's not a serious problem, but it's an aggravating problem at this time," said Thompson.
The Flying Fortress has been in Branson, Mo., this week and was due to fly to Rantoul Friday.
Initially, officials thought the problem might have been caused by the magnetos getting wet due to heavy rains that hit the Branson area Thursday, Thompson said.
"They tried to dry them off, but that didn't do any good," she said.
Thompson said flight regulations do not allow the plane to take off or land after nightfall. Thompson said late Friday afternoon that it appeared the plane would not be arriving in Rantoul until possibly Saturday.
The plane is to be available for rides and tours Saturday through Tuesday, July 28-31. Thompson said the start time Saturday might be delayed. More information is available from Chanute Air Museum at 893-1613.
News-Gazette.com embraces discussion of both community and world issues. We welcome you to contribute your ideas, opinions and comments, but we ask that you avoid personal attacks, vulgarity and hate speech. We reserve the right to remove any comment at our discretion, and we will block repeat offenders' accounts. To post comments, you must first be a registered user, and your username will appear with any comment you post. Happy posting.


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Options open for Naylor
Date published: 02 May 2014
OLDHAM new boys Steve Roper and Nathan Mason are among 22 players from whom Scott Naylor will name his side to face Oxford at Whitebank on Sunday (kick-off 3pm).
Though stopping short of confirming the new arrivals' inclusion in the final 17, Naylor has promised changes in the wake of a disappointing performance at Hunslet Hawks.
He won't show his hand until training tomorrow, but he has no shortage of options given that everyone is fit apart from Liam Thompson, Paddy Mooney and Adam Files.
None of those played at Hunslet, so the Oldham boss will be picking from that line-up plus Brett Robinson, Steven Nield, Edwin Okanga-Ajwang, Roper and Mason.
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EU may reintroduce patent directive
Page Tools
Sixty-one Members of the European Parliament have sought a reintroduction of the legislative process to adopt a position on software patents, according to a group which has opposed the introduction of such patents in the European Union.
Florian Müller, campaign manager of NoSoftwarePatents.com, said the MEPs, from 13 different countries and four political groups, had introduced a motion to ask the EU Commission permission to resubmit a legislative proposal.
Last year, the proposal for a directive on software patents was dropped when Poland opposed it.
NoSoftwarePatents.com was set up last year by 1&1, part of the United Internet group and a publicly traded German company, Linux vendor Red Hat, and database vendor MySQL AB, Europe's largest open source company.
Müller said the EU Commission had already flagged the possibility of parliament restarting this process in a statement published on its website last summer.
"In this scenario, the EU Parliament would have a new first reading, and the EU Council would again be free to negotiate a "Common Position" on the directive," he said.
"The EU Council could still change its position in the ongoing process because it has not formally adopted it, but countries are now informally bound to a political agreement made on May 18 last year."
Müller said a majority of the MEPs did not get to participate in the first reading in 2003, and governments of new member states were new to the council last May.
"This issue is controversial, complex, and hence very critical to Europe's future. A total restart is also a face-saving exit strategy for the Council, which is caught between a rock and a hard place because it would either have to depart from an unwritten diplomatic code and renegotiate its position now, or it would have to decide against all democratic principles."


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ACT's innovative BA in English features concentrations in Language & Literature and Communication and New Media. The program of studies has been designed to be fresh, modern, and relevant to the academic and professional realities of today.
The aims of the BA are to:
• provide students with vital knowledge in the subject areas of literature, social media and communication, gender, linguistics, and culture;
• cultivate students' analytical and creative skills for intellectual and professional purposes;
• enable students to explore the evolution of English studies as it intersects a variety of academic disciplines;
• help students become more astute readers, writers, thinkers, and communicators;
• challenge students to operate more effectively in multicultural, interdisciplinary environments, both as students and future professionals; and
• inspire confidence, open-mindedness, and personal and professional success.
Address Inquiries to Dr. Eleni Godi, Coordinator of English Language and Literature, email@example.com
Click on the following links to find out more on the:
Bachelor of Arts in English, Concentration Language and Literature - Course Requirements (Updated: Oct 2015)
Bachelor of Arts in English, Concentration Communication and New Media - Course Requirements (Updated: Oct 2015)
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|English Project at the American College of Thessaloniki - ACT, Fall 2011


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LEM Products 44-lb. Meat Scale
Sale price: Clearance price: Starting at: Sale starting at: Clearance starting at: Reg. price:
The LEM® Products 44-lb. Meat Scale weighs anything up to 44 lbs. Features an 8" dial and measures pounds in 2 oz. increments. Stainless steel base and 10" x 8" platform.
- Weighs up to 44 lbs.
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[Date Prev][Date Next][Thread Prev][Thread Next][Date index][Thread index]
Re: st: -nbreg- not working properly?
"David M. Drukker" <email@example.com>
Re: st: -nbreg- not working properly?
Wed, 8 Aug 2007 08:47:45 -0500 (CDT)
Peter Siminski <firstname.lastname@example.com> asked why -nbreg- (with defaults) does not produce the same results as -glm- with family(nbinomial).
The manual entry for -glm- (note 4 on page 499 of [R] A-H) notes that
``Although -glm- can be used to fit [negative binomial models],
using Stata's maximum likelihood -nbreg- is probably better. In the
GLM approach, you specify -family( nbinomial #_k) and then search
for the #_k that results in the deviance-based dispersion being 1.
-nbreg-, on the other hand, finds the maximum likelihood estimate of
#_k and reports a confidence interval for it.
I hope that this helps.
* For searches and help try:
* http://www.stata.com/support/faqs/res/findit.html
* http://www.stata.com/support/statalist/faq
* http://www.ats.ucla.edu/stat/stata/
|© Copyright 1996–2017 StataCorp LLC | Terms of use | Privacy | Contact us | What's new | Site index


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Strangers Next Door Paperback
Immigration, Migration and Mission
by J. D. Payne;
Stock available
Price and PurchaseOffer price: £10.99 Free UK Delivery Go to Basket
If you're buying for a church, school or business, why not Buy Now Pay Later?Find Out More
Strangers Next Door
Full Product Description
In Strangers Next Door professor of evangelism and church planting J. D. Payne introduces the phenomenon of migrations of peoples to Western nations and explores how the church should respond in light of the mission of God. As we understand and embrace the fact that the least-reached people groups now reside in (and continue to migrate to) Western countries, churches have unprecedented opportunites to freely share the gospel with them.
This book includes practical guidelines for doing crosscultural missions and developing a global strategy of mission. It also highlights examples of churches and organizations attempting to reach, partner with, and send migrants to minister to their people. Discover how you can reach out to the strangers next door by welcoming them into God's family.
Strangers Next Door by J. D. Payne was published by IVP (USA) in October 2012 and is our 50613th best seller. The ISBN for Strangers Next Door is 9780830857586.
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"The world has not only shrunk; it has become energetic and mobile. It might be a tad clich�d to say it, but the world is now on our doorstep, which requires us to take the gospel seriously and devise a mission strategy to reach, train, partner and resource our global neighbors as they return to their homes with the gospel. J. D. Payne has presented us with the gospel imperative to take responsibility for those from all over the world who are among us. Some books impress you with their fresh insight, while others hit you with a clear and compelling statement of the obvious. This book does the latter, and it does it very well indeed."
Details for Strangers Next Door
|Page last updated
|29th November 2016
|Author / Artist
|J. D. Payne
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|Paperback / softback
|IVP (USA) (October 2012)
|Number of Pages
|18 mm
|208 mm
|137 mm
|Product Code


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octobre 19, 2015
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Doctors say that simple intravenous fluid drips could save the lives of many Ebola patients, but they are not being deployed due to a perception that no treatment will work. Many patients are succumbing to extreme dehydration and electrolyte depletion caused by vomiting and diarrhea, according to Ian Roberts of the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine and Anders Perner of Copenhagen University. She said yesterday that at least 7.5M people have enrolled. One of Burwell's first challenges will be to work with health insurers as they set prices for Obamacare plans in 2015, which industry executives have warned could rise sharply.
Some of my fondest memories involve cutting up sheets of coloured paper,glass water pipes, stapling things together badly, getting modelling clay everywhere. In retrospect all this seems charmingly innocent, but in the process it seems to have cemented within me a great deal of affection for the family life we lived back then, and the quirky ways that we all got together to celebrate that life as a wider society. It easier to make beaded fringe with a beading needle and waxed beading thread; add a seed bead to the end of each strand, insert the needle back through the end seed bead and all the way back through the beads in the fringe strand. Exit the next seed bead on the circle and add the desired number of beads to make the fringe drop.
With the development of the internet came the ability to send electronic Christmas cards. One of the first notices was an April 1995 « Wired » magazine story about e cards that gave subscribers a link to a Massachusetts Institute of Technology site that had « more than 35 designs. » According to Hitwise, an internet data collection site, e card use peaked during the Christmas season of 2008. Now that you know these basic party table decoration ideas, you can experiment as much as you want with other table decorations you might have in mind. If you have invited too many children, don't keep any expensive decorative artifacts on the table.
The Internet is your next best bet to finding Christmas recipes. There are thousands of sites where you can find all different types of Christmas recipes ranging from the simplest of appetizers to full course meals. His bare chest and feet are visible. The ghost is surrounded by a feast of traditional Victorian Christmas treats, including punch,glass pipes wholesale, puddings and suckling pigs. It almost too much expectation of these people to consistently sit down and be entertaining for two hours a week. Makes them less experimental, if that makes sense..


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The Restaurant Source is your one stop shop for commercial beverage dispensers. Whether you need frozen beverage machines, hot beverage dispensers, cold or refrigerated beverage dispensers, commercial juice dispensers, or anything in between, we carry a wide variety
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Johnnie Walker's No Shave November Beard Evolution – How Did Your Growing Go? [VIDEO]
I took part in No Shave November this year, which meant I basically stopped doing something for a month. Not doing things is one of my greatest skill sets. If there was an Olympic category for "Not Doing Stuff", I would medal every single year, I'm that good.


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A Waihi Beach holiday park has reopened after last weekend's floods - but more heavy rain could force it to close again.
The Top 10 Holiday Park had to be evacuated last Saturday night, with 67 people moved to safety after a creek burst its banks and swept through the grounds.
Owner Ian Smith, also Waihi Beach's chief fire officer, said one block of units had to be gutted after being inundated with 350mm-600mm of water.
"The kitchens are all gone, the couches, everything. They were all less than six months old after replacing them in last year's floods."
But the playground was back up to scratch with new bark and sand brought in.
Mr Smith said firefighters came to the park on Sunday and helped hose away mud and silt.
The New Zealand Motor Homes Association had offered to help with the clean-up and nearby shops had provided food for volunteers.
Mr Smith said there had been a lot of damage to the creek that runs through the grounds and it could flood again if there was more heavy rain.
He said fixing it was the Western Bay of Plenty District Council's responsibility.
For more articles from this region, go to Bay of Plenty Times


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Answers Home
» Behavior & Training
How can I stop my cats from kicking so much litter out of the box?
My kitties like to dig a bunch before they decide they're ready to use the restroom, and they end up kicking a bunch of the litter out and onto the floor.
I have raised sides on the litter box, which helps, but the litter still piles up outside the box. Any advice on how to reduce this or even end?
Asked by
on Jun 13th 2010
in Behavior & Training
- This question is closed.
Best Answer
I recently switched to "Fresh Step Crystals," and since the urine is absorbed immediately, the only time my 14-year old Buffy scratches a bit is after defecating. Because the crystals are harder than other litters, she limits her time touching it! There is a large, soft, spongy pad (looks like long lines of speed bumps!) near the opening of the large, covered box, which does an amazing job of trapping any bits of crystals left between her toes. Frequently, I stir the crystals, remove any dried-up feces, and pour back into the box any bits of crystal left on the pad. I highly recommend this litter!!
Buffy answered on Jun 19th.
Other Answers
You don't train cats. They train you. There is no way to convince a cat not to kick litter outside of the box, if that is their modus operandi. You can put some kind of thingie (can't think of the English word) under the litter box to make cleanup easier. How about a small handheld vacuum cleaner next to the litter box (preferably one that runs on batteries, or one that can be connected to a closeby electrical outlet)? Kitty goes toidy, Human vacuums. Believe me, with 13 cats I have my own toilet problems--you are not alone. But some problems simply have to be dealt with, meaning let the cat do its thing, and cleaning up afterwards. Ah, cats...
Harvey answered on 6/14/10. Helpful? / 1
I had a cat that did this as well. Unfortunately, she didn't like hooded litter boxes either. There isn't really much you can do about this problem. As my cat got older she didn't kick the litter around as much. Sorry I couldn't be of any more help to you. I guess there are some "messy" kitties out there that have to be cleaned up after.
Member 185886 answered on 6/14/10. Helpful? / 1
I will say that the little kitty-moles I have had do slow down a bit when they get older. You can try a little behavior modification. I listened and when he went in the box then waited till he was done. This took a bit of time as my digger-Tim wants to make sure that his spot is just perfectly prepared. Then when he was done I would wait a bit to let him cover his business. When he gave a few strokes and all was well I would call him over and over and when he got out early I would pet and tell him how good a boy he was. Now this kind of mod is slow going so be patient.
As answered the only real solution without training is a box with a top. Timmy has been a digger since he came to me but he has toned it down a bit. Purrs
Timmy Tomcat DB #122a answered on 6/14/10. Helpful? / 1


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The Climate Reanalysis Task Force (TF) is an initiative of NOAA's MAPP Program to advance NOAA's climate reanalysis capability focusing on research to address outstanding issues in atmospheric, ocean, and land reanalysis and develop a greater degree of integration among Earth system reanalysis components. The Task Force brings together MAPP-funded scientists from universities, research laboratories, and NOAA centers and labs. The TF will facilitate coordination and synergies among the various MAPP funded projects to optimize research outcomes. It is envisioned that MAPP Climate Reanalysis Task Force efforts will build upon state-of-the-art NOAA reanalysis and data assimilation systems and aim at significant improvements beyond current capabilities in preparation for the next generation of NOAA's climate reanalysis running from the 20th century to present, and potentially extending back to the late 19th century as feasible. The Task Force will build on synergies between reanalysis efforts at NOAA and other national modeling centers; and will coordinate with other ongoing national and international reanalysis efforts.
Start date is September 1 2013 and duration of this group activity is 3 years.
MAPP Task Force Concept and Terms of Reference
Leads: Gil Compo, University of Colorado/CIRES & ESRL/PSD and Arun Kumar, NOAA, Climate Prediction Center (CPC)
Co-Lead: Suranjana Saha, NOAA, National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) / Environmental Modeling Center
Co-Lead: Jim Carton, University of Maryland
To view the full Participants list, please visit the Participants page.
Click here to visit the reanalyses.org page including restricted access for CRTF members only.
To view the full list of Projects, please click here.
MAPP funded FY11 reanalysis evaluation projects.
A new OAR/Climate Program Office (CPO) Report, summarizing key outcomes of the May 2015 NOAA Climate Reanalysis Task Force Technical Workshop held at the NOAA Center for Weather and Climate Prediction in College Park, Maryland, has just been published.
The NOAA CPO Modeling, Analysis, Predictions, and Projections (MAPP) program hosted a technical workshop for the NOAA Climate Reanalysis Task Force (NCRTF) on May 4-5, 2015 at the NOAA Center for Weather and Climate Prediction (NCWCP) Conference Center in College Park, Maryland.
NOAA'S Modeling, Analysis, Predictions, and Projections (MAPP) program awarded $8.6 million to support 10 new multi-year projects in which university partners and federal researchers will incorporate real-world observations into climate models and improve processes in those models to enhance the nation's ability to visualize, understand, and predict year-to-year climate variations. Specifically, MAPP funding will support targeted improvements in the representation of clouds and sea ice, critical elements of the climate system, in climate models.
An initiative of NOAA's Modeling Analysis Predictions, and Projection (MAPP) program, the Climate Reanalysis Task Force aims to advance NOAA's climate reanalysis capability by focusing on research to address outstanding issues in atmospheric, ocean, and land reanalysis and develop a greater degree of integration among Earth system reanalysis components.
Learn more...
Download our program brochure (pdf).


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Celebs With Tax Trouble
As we approach TAX DAY, it's nice to know that it's not just us little folks who are stressing over paying the government. And with the impending shutdown looming….boy, am I glad I filed early this year….
"In this world nothing is certain but death and taxes," said one patriot, but screw up on taxes and you'll raise the hackles of the IRS. These folks are probably not looking forward to tax day
(via Search: Celebs With tax trouble – Celebs With tax trouble – 1.)


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Brad Pitt Featured In Second, More Cheesy Chanel No.5 Commercial [VIDEO]
The Hollywood superstar was paid $7 million for the 30-second advertisement, but the campaign has been criticized as being "cheesy" and smacking of elitism.
It's a shame, because Chanel's No.5 commercials are usually pretty cool — remember the three-minute-long "fake trailer" commercial starring Nicole Kidman, and directed by Moulin Rouge creator Baz Lurhmann?
Pitt appears in black and white on a grey background. He narrates, "It's not a journey. Every journey ends. But we go on. The world turns and we turn with it. Plans disappear. Dreams take over. But wherever I go, there you are. My look. My fate. My fortune. Chanel No. 5 – inevitable."
What are your thoughts on the commercials?


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New Zealand officials were consulted over a document which has compromised climate talks in Copenhagen, but consider it only one of many to be discussed.
Environment Minister Nick Smith confirmed officials at the United Nations conference had seen the "Danish Text", which has provoked criticism from developing countries who fear it will shift more of the burden to curb greenhouse gases on to poorer countries.
The text, leaked to the Guardian newspaper, suggests world leaders will next week be asked to sign an agreement that hands more power to rich countries and sidelines the UN's role in future climate change negotiations.
The Guardian reported it was shown to only a handful of countries since being finalised.
However, UN Framework Convention on Climate Change executive secretary Yvo de Boer said it was an informal paper and held no power.
Dr Smith backed that view and said New Zealand had been consulted about the document, which was likely to be just one of many.
"Quite clearly if we are going to make progress there are going to need to be papers distributed among delegates."
They were not the only proposals that had been discussed, Dr Smith said, and he would not say whether New Zealand supported the document.
The document is being interpreted by developing countries as setting unequal limits on per capita carbon emissions for developed and developing countries in 2050; meaning people in rich countries would be permitted to emit nearly twice as much under the proposals.
Lumumba Di-Aping, the Sudanese chairman of the group of 132 developing countries known as G77 plus China, said: "The text robs developing countries of their just and equitable and fair share of the atmospheric space. It tries to treat rich and poor countries as equal."
The text is a draft proposal for the final agreement that should be signed by national leaders at the end of the Copenhagen summit on December 18.
It was prepared in secret by a group of individuals known as "the circle of commitment" but understood to include the United States and Denmark.
"This text destroys both the UN convention on climate change and the Kyoto Protocol.
"This is aimed at producing a new treaty, a new legal initiative that throws away the basis of [differing] obligations between the poorest and most wealthy nations in the world," said Mr Di-Aping.
Antonio Hill, climate policy adviser for Oxfam International, said it was only a draft "but it highlights the risk that when the big countries come together, the small ones get hurt".
Kim Carstensen, head of the climate initiative for the environmental group WWF, said: "The behind-the-scenes negotiation tactics under the Danish presidency have been focusing on pleasing the rich and powerful countries rather than serving the majority of states who are demanding a fair and ambitious solution."
Six New Zealand politicians are travelling to the conference - Dr Smith, Prime Minister John Key, Trade Minister Tim Groser, Labour MP Charles Chauvel and Green MPs Jeanette Fitzsimmons and Kennedy Graham.
* Why there's anger
A confidential analysis of the text by developing countries states the draft would:
Force developing countries to agree to specific emission cuts and measures that were not part of the original UN agreement.
Divide poor countries further by creating a new category of developing countries called "the most vulnerable".
Weaken the UN's role in handling climate finance.
Not allow poor countries to emit more than 1.44 tonnes of carbon per person by 2050, while allowing rich countries to emit 2.67 tonnes.
* Rivals speak up
"The text robs developing countries of their just and equitable and fair share of the atmospheric space. It tries to treat rich and poor countries as equal."
- Lumumba Di-Aping, Sudanese chairman of the group of 132 developing countries known as G77 plus China.
"This was an informal paper ahead of the conference given to a number of people for the purposes of consultations. The only formal texts in the UN process are the ones tabled by the chairs of this Copenhagen conference at the behest of the parties."
- UNFCCC executive secretary Yvo de Boer.


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Apologies for the late reply Troublesome knees. Hope that you get this in time. The City Pride is right on the route. It is about 3 mins walk from Heron Quays DLR or about 5 mins walk from Canary Wharf tube. They have a balcony that overlooks the route too. The beauty of the location is that runners go past twice. It is advisable to get there early though. See link below.
Tricky Dicky,
I am not sure that pedestrians are allowed in the Rotherhithe tunnel but even if they are I wouldn't advise it. Too many fumes.
My apologies Tricky Dicky,
I have just found out that pedestrians are allowed in the tunnel and that a group of 20 hardy souls brave the journey every day. I wonder what their lungs are like.


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Jai-pure headache and birth of the hard travellers
Trip Start Oct 27, 2004
35Trip End Aug 17, 2005
man to get that bug ooot!
Its a bit weird being in Jaipur, its quite a culture shock. There are so many slimy young guys here here who really want to smooth talk you into a back alley and rob your wallet. All the time "How are you my friend?, Very nice hair"... Half an hour later they happen to slip in to the conversation that their cousin owns a tourist office and that your more than welcome to nip in for a cup of tea/good lying to! There's one sat next to me now who followed me half way round town today, he's reading this message as I type it! Oh look, he just ran out of the Internet cafe. Sweet, that worked a trick!
Other than the slimy guys, the people are pretty cool and if you wander down some small streets into the bazaars you get all these kids running in amongst the monkeys and cows to come and say hello and shake your hand. It really is quite touching.


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I don't have a .380, but the current ammo shortage shoots a big hole in the supply and demand theory, doesn't it. You'd think the ammo companies would be cranking it out.
This is a discussion on 380 availability within the Defensive Carry Guns forums, part of the Defensive Carry Discussions category; With the lack of 380 ammo, is anyone selling their 380s because of a lack of Ammo? I was thinking about getting a 380 seecamp, ...
With the lack of 380 ammo, is anyone selling their 380s because of a lack of Ammo? I was thinking about getting a 380 seecamp, but now I am wondering whether or not it's even worth it. Seems like the ammo issue on a whole has improved but 380 ammo still seems to be MIA. Is anyone selling or thinking about selling their 380s??
I don't have a .380, but the current ammo shortage shoots a big hole in the supply and demand theory, doesn't it. You'd think the ammo companies would be cranking it out.
Retired USAF E-8. Curmudgeon at large.
Lighten up and enjoy life because:
Paranoia strikes deep, into your life it will creep. It starts when you're always afraid... Buffalo Springfield - For What It's Worth
My local shop has had .380 in FMJ and hollow points the last few times I was in. I have 2 .380's and I have always managed to find ammo for them, just have been dilligent in checking places whenever I was there.
NRA, GOA, GRNC member
"Both the oligarch and tyrant mistrust the people, and therefore deprive them of arms."
- Aristotle
its available...you just have to look for it...ammototgo has blazer right now for $16.95 a box of 50 fmj's right now...
It's the reason I'm not buying the girlfriend a pocket pistol (in .380) right now.
I've heard that major manufactures are using the machines to produce 9mm instead of .380. I guess since they're so close in size, they just require some adjustments or something along those lines.
Just ordered a box of Hyrda Shok for my Seecamp and arrived yesterday. It is out there...maybe will increase in the days ahead.
Ed Brown Alpha Carry | Sig P238, P938, P232, 1911 C3 | Colt Defender, Mustang Pocketlite, 1911 | Rohrbaugh R9 | Browning, Buckmark 22LR(suppressed) | Kahr PM9 Black Rose | S&W|M&P C.O.R.E RMR Trijicon | Dan Wesson ECO
I've had no problems at all stocking up on .380. Like others have said, it's out there. Ammo engine, gunbroker, etc..
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They manufacture .380 on the same dies as 9mm, so with the demand for 9mm being so high there is not a lot of time to make .380 on the manufacturing floor right now. It will come around. I am seeing more .380 than say 6 months ago...in fact, I just bought a new .380.
"...whoever has no sword is to sell his coat and buy one." (Luke 22:36)
Christianity and Self Defense from a Biblical Perspective
WWB 100 packs for $34.
I picked up 4 of them!
Hooah! It's an Army thing!
Gun shops ain't the best place to buy ammo, especially if you don't want a particular brand and bullet weight. Mail order, I think, is the way to go. I get most all of mine from Midway USA.
Cabelas has had alot the past few times i've been in there.
"That's just like your opinion, man." -the dude
I did exactly the same thing at Wally World a couple weeks ago -- 4 100 round boxes of Win White .380. It always seems they have a lot of only one caliber each time I visit. This was the first time I had seem .380 there in a long time. Today they had .45ACP 100 round boxes, but I limited myself to only two of those.
You can thank Ruger for some of the problem..when the LCP came out, .380s became a hot item. If you find a good deal on that Seecamp, scarf it up. Thats a good pocket gun and the .380 shortage will eventually become history. Afterall, the ammo companies make money by selling what shooters want. Its all just supply and demand right now.
Buy online and have it shipped to you.
However, that Seecamp isn't going to use up a lot of ammo. (not exactly a range gun).
I just did a quick calculation: I put about 1000 rounds thru it last year, because it was new. I'm tracking to put about half that much thru it this year.
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Unique accommodation with free Wi-Fi and exposed-stone walls are offered at B&B dell'Acquario, in central Genova. You will be just around the corner from the harbour and 1,313 feet from San Giorgio Metro Station. Set in three 17th-century buildings, the bed and breakfast offers both bright and colourful rooms and apartments. Rooms comes with air conditioning, a sofa and flat-screen TV. Apartments all include a kitchenette and daily cleaning services. A varied breakfast with fresh fruit and Ligurian pastries is available daily directly in your room or apartment. You can also enjoy disocunted rates at various restaurants in the city. Acquario B&B is 1,969 feet from the San Lorenzo Cathedral and a 10-minute walk from the main square, Piazza Ferrari.


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Acronis True Image Home 2012 Contest
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No ROM battery
Join Date: May 2011
Posts: 784
Oh! This is great Rob. Thanks for another excellent contest. I'm in!
My latest backup story is unfortunately rather recent. This February I got my current system. Moving stuff from one computer to the other was a simple matter of performing the necessary backups on the old system and restore them to the new. In the end I had 5 DVDs worth of backups (mostly work, pictures, music and emulator stuff).
Having used a backup software for some time already, this was no big deal. So once it was all done and over with, I wiped the old disk to be used on the new machine as a 2nd HD. Unfortunately, I didn't check my DVDs against errors. I had actually lost two of them, thanks to Roxio Burner. Half of my arcade and ZX Spectrum emulator collection gone. As well as a non essential part of my work.
Moral of the Story:
Always check your backup media for errors. Just using a good backup program isn't enough. It's important to make sure the backups are correctly stored.
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I have a Husqvarna that I absolutely LOVE! It is the Sapphire 830. I also have a Kenmore(Janome) that is lightweight and easy to take to classes. Great for piecing.
I have a Singer redeye Treadle and a Baby Lock Emore for embroidery.
My cousin has a Bernina and she is scared to try the fancy features!! So I would say research, find ones with features you are looking for, and then go try them out at the dealerships.
Between everyone here, they can give you help with just about ANY machine you decide to buy!!!
Happy hunting!


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Inside Change Virtual Class #2
Six Seconds
Tuesday, April 13, 2010 from 10:00 AM to 11:30 AM (PDT)
Event Details
Most change efforts fail, estimates range from 60 to 90%.
But what about the successes? What are the critical ingredients that make change work? It turns out there are three critical ingredients - do you know what they are? And how can we put those in place to accelerate individual, team, and organizational change?
Joshua Freedman, author of the new book Inside Change, will share the latest neuroscience of change and how it informs a practical process for driving organizational change through individual transformation.
You will learn:
- What blocks most change
- A practical roadmap for planning the people-side of change
- How others are coping the with the rapid pace change we're all facing
Inside Change offers a new perspective on change -- recognizing that change is fundamentally a human process, and that people are driven by emotion. Rather than ignoring that and hoping emotions won't get in the way, the book shows leaders how to plan for and manage the emotional side of transformation - starting on the inside.
We will meet in our "virtual classroom" where we can all see and hear one another - please have a webcam working, and a headset or earphones if you use audio via your computer.
This is a free program for members of Six Seconds Emotional Intelligence Network -- and you are invited to join us. Our schedule of upcoming teleclasses is linked from www.6seconds.org/training
When you register, you'll be asked these three questions - just a brief answer is fine... will help us make the most of the session!
- What is a change your involved in or planning or facing right now?
- As you consider this change, what are some of the "people-side" challenges?
- If you could "wave your magic wand" what one thing about the change would you make easier?
Tuesday, April 13, 2010 from 10:00 AM to 11:30 AM (PDT)
Add to my calendar
Six Seconds
Six Seconds is a global network of change makers committed to supporting one billion people to practice emotional intelligence.
We are a not-for-profit organization, dedicated to supporting people to create positive change -- everywhere, all the time. Our network is global, with offices and representatives in 25 countries, and members everywhere... practicing the skills of EQ so people create stronger connections, make more sustainable decisions, and thrive.


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"Why do you need a gun if you don't want to kill?"
That's a stupid argument, and I'm not afraid to tell anyone that. Including family members who may be anti-gun.
There's a big difference between wanting to kill someone and being willing to kill someone!
I don't want to kill anyone! And I hope I never have to. And no one in their right mind does either!
However, I have accepted the premise that I will use lethal force (without hesitation) to defend my life, or that of a loved one against a deadly threat if that is what it takes. It's as simple as that.
I also have no problem telling people, if they are incapable of comprehending the gravity, and immediacy of being faced with a deadly threat, and the God given desire to be the one who lives... then they obviously are a person who believes that their life isn't worth much. And are certainly a person who does not need a gun.
So just keep your mitts off of my guns.
I get tired of those arguments. They are stupid, and the people who bring it up and phrase it in such a manner, know it also. And I have no problem giving them a tongue lashing, and piece of my mind for their stupidity, and audacity to try and lay a guilt trip on me. I don't care much for weak minded people. They are always bringing people down around them with their mealy mouthed, milquetoast personalities.
If they are shocked and offended by my response, they usually learn their lesson and don't act that way around me anymore. Problem solved.


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Pepper the parrot was a pain. The problem? Pepper wouldn't shut up. From such annoyance flew the inspiration for an invention called the Bird Buggy.
"Our parrot, when he's left alone, screams. It's ear-piercing even if you're several rooms away," Pepper's owner, Andrew Gray, a University of Florida electrical- and computer-engineering student, told his school's radio station, WUFT.
To alleviate the squawking, Gray built a small cart Pepper can drive easily with his beak. It's a distraction to give the grey plumed bird something to occupy his time. Sure enough, Pepper took to cruising around on four wheels, driving the small, boxy blue buggy by way of a beak-steered joystick control. Suddenly the bird is a whole lot quieter.
But the Bird Buggy, as our mates at Wired UK noted, wasn't Gray's first shot at using tech to calm Pepper down.
"What we normally do is spray him with a water bottle and it shuts him up for a little bit," Gray told WUFT. "So I built a voice-activated squirt gun. It worked really well at first, but then he started using it as a bird bath and would scream just to get squirted."
Talk about a backfire. After the squirt gun solution dried up, Gray had to dig deeper to find a fix.
"What's the underlying issue? The problem is that he's not in the room with us," Gray said. "When he's in the room he's fine, so I thought, 'How do I get him around the house?'"
So, after four months of design work, Gray brought the Bird Buggy from concept to reality, complete with infrared sensors that keep Pepper from ramming into a wall or other obstacles in the home. And when Pepper decides to ditch his ride, the buggy can even park itself, using a homing device Gray has built into a docking station and cameras built into the buggy, so the cart can see where it's headed.
Gray has posted a video of Pepper driving the Bird Buggy, and the buggy driving itself, on YouTube. Check it out below.Go Back to Top. Skip To: Start of Article.


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Is International Cyber Warfare a Real Threat?
The media, the security industry and some members of congress have pounced on reports about the potential for hackers to wage cyber war on the United States, wreaking havoc on our nation's infrastructure. Brooke talks to Jerry Brito, the director of the Technology Policy Program at George Mason University's Mercatus program, who says that the rhetoric around cyber warfare doesn't square with reality.
Nicolas Jaar – Problems with the Sun
Last month the media were buzzing about a broken water pump in Illinois, allegedly due to Russian hackers breaking into the control system of a water utility. It would have been the first known instance of hackers using cyber warfare to destroy a real world target in the United States.
But, as it turns out, the Department of Homeland Security soon determined that the pump had just burned out. The Wired.com blog Threat Level reported this week that the charge of cyber sabotage was based solely on the fact that a facility consultant was on vacation in Russia when he was asked to advise on a technical issue and responded from a Russian computer. "J'accuse!"
Nevertheless, the fact that there had been no foreign cyber attacks on critical infrastructure here has not quelled fears of cyber war.
Jerry Brito, director of the Technology Policy Program at George Mason University's Mercatus Center, says that the heated rhetoric over the issue just doesn't square with the reality. Jerry, welcome to the show.
Thanks for having me.
So the case of the water pump, apparently not damaged by Russian hackers, is great for making your case that the cyber warfare threat is overrated. But it's not unreasonable that a foreign state could and would want to engage in that kind of attack, right?
It's certainly possible for a foreign power to use a cyber weapon against United States. And if you look at what happened to Iran, with their nuclear program, it was delayed because their centrifuges were affected by what is now known to be a worm called Stuxnet. And so, something like that could certainly happen to the United States.
What I'm concerned about is sort of the alarmism that we see in the media and from members of Congress. So, for example, I mean, take Richard Clarke, his book called Cyber War, where he talks about what's possible. And he talks about, quote, "the collapse of the government's classified and unclassified networks, refinery fires and explosions in cities across the country, the release of lethal clouds of chlorine gas from chemical plants, the destruction of the major financial computer networks," etc., etc. And none of that really is borne out by the evidence.
Yet, we don't want the smoking gun, so to speak, to be the cyber equivalent of a mushroom cloud –
That's right.
- if I may – [LAUGHS] paraphrase –
That's right.
- Condoleezza Rice.
Who was saying that about nuclear weapons in Iraq. And how did that turn out?
It turns out to be highly overrated.
And that's just not the way that we should make public policy. We shouldn't make public policy out of fear.
You have pointed not only to the overly hyperbolic language in the intelligence community and in Congress, you also point to uncritical assessments of cyber warfare threats in the media.
In major – the newspapers like in the Wall Street Journal or The New York Times we see stories that are anonymously sourced. And they will say things like, the U.S. infrastructure, including power plants and water plants and, you know, other utilities, are laced with logic bombs that have been left there by Russians and Chinese, and we know this according to anonymous government officials.
What is a logic bomb?
I – who knows?
This is –
I think what they mean when they say "logic bombs" is simply a computer virus that could be triggered remotely that would cause the system that it's on to crash. And then what happens is, is that members of Congress, when they give a, a presentation before Congress in support of a cyber security bill, all the evidence that they've put forth are, as the Wall Street Journal reported last week –
- we are full of those logic bombs in our infrastructure.
Well, wait a minute, that was anonymously sourced. I'm not suggesting that reporters today are not doing their best and really trusting their anonymous sources. But what I'm saying is that we shouldn't trust those anonymous sources. We should demands from Congress, before they pass cyber threat legislation, examples of why they're doing this.
What's in it for the powers that be in Washington to sell the cyber threat?
If you follow the money, it leads, first and foremost, to the defense contractors. Defense contractors are the one who are going to be selling cyber security solutions to the federal government.
We recently saw the Air Force stand up and use cyber commands. There was a big contest to see where it would be sited. Different districts around the country were - were vying for this, are making investments in trying to get this cyber command, which would bring with it 10,000 jobs estimated and, and billions of dollars in spending.
What are we talking about when we talk about cyber warfare, because Richard Clarke can speak to dozens upon dozens of incursions by Chinese and Russian hackers into American security systems all the time?
We're talking about several different things, and they all tend to be conflated. And that's part of the problem. So you have denial of service attacks, where a website is taken down. And you have cyber espionage, where you have hackers, whether it's criminal groups or perhaps even state-sponsored hack into private networks and steal information. Those definitely exist and, and they're serious.
But what happens is that somebody like, like Richard Clarke, they use examples of these things that we know, and then they say, and as a result, we should be worried about trains derailing, planes falling out of the sky.
And there, you're talking about real kinetic cyber attacks that we have very little evidence for.
What's the harm in passing stringent cyber security measures?
Well, that could include telling private networks how they should run their security operations. In many cases, these companies know very well what they need to do because, after all, it's their networks. They know them better than anybody else. And it's not clear to me that a regulator in Washington, D.C. is gonna know how to do that.
But this is the same argument that the banks have put forth, and they've done a thoroughly crappy job of regulating themselves. It's the same argument that the health industry has put forth. Is this just an anti-regulatory argument?
There's two things. So number one is legislation that would require private networks to comply to security standards set by DHS. It forces them to comply to one standard, and if they do that, then they're done, instead of actually innovating and, and figuring out what to do.
But secondly, some of the proposals that we've seen would require reengineering of the Internet to force people to identify themselves when they log on. That has very big First Amendment and free speech implications.
But you have other proposals in Congress. For example, there are legislations that require disclosure of attacks. One of the bills that I know that does that is the Safe Data Act, which was introduced by Representative Mary Bono Mack.
Right now you have financial companies and other companies that hold personal information that are breached, and when they're breached, your personal information may be compromised. And what they do is that they keep that to themselves.
And so, if you require disclosure – just say, for example, that Citibank or Sony, as we saw earlier this year, is breached and personal information becomes compromised, they should be required by law to disclose that. And by disclosing that, they are providing information to the market.
You and I, when we're shopping for a bank, we're gonna take this into account. Consumer Reports is going to take that into account. So that's one way that we could have legislation that would be helpful here by providing more information.
Jerry, thank you very much.
My pleasure.
Jerry Brito is the director of the Technology Policy Program at George Mason University's Mercatus Center.


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Learn more about MS ExTRA and book clubs.
Email Monica Ingkavet
Vice President, Expanded Learning Schools
or call (646) 943-8767
MS ExTRA
At the start of the 2013-14 school year, we began collaborating with the New York City Department of Education's Middle School Quality Initiative, NYC City Council, Robin Hood and Harvard EdLabs to bring struggling readers up to grade level through Middle School ExTRA—Middle School Expanded Day + Tutoring = Reading Achievement—a pioneering initiative to expand the school day in 20 New York City middle schools.
"It is especially critical that we are getting the arts into more middle schools—this is a time when students are developing their academic and creative passions, and they should have exposure to the joy of arts. A great education has to prepare students for life and provide them with real-world, critical-thinking skills—and this just cannot be done without the arts."
— Chancellor Carmen FariñaEach school, together with a community partner, adds two-and-a-half hours of hands-on learning in such disciplines as the arts, STEM and physical fitness. Targeted students also meet in small groups with a trained literacy tutor for daily book clubs. Book clubs read high-interest books together, discuss the text and draw connections to their own lives. The small groups allow students to feel safe in expressing their thoughts, and they support each other as they build vocabulary and gain exposure to new ideas and perspectives.
This school transformation strategy is built on evidence of student progress in ExpandED Schools and in Denver and Houston public schools, where Harvard EdLabs has seen promising results among students tutored in math.


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Monday - Friday8:00 a.m. - 5:00 p.m.
Contact Us
645 Parfet Street Lakewood, CO 80215303-239-7078
Fax: 303-239-7088
5150 Allison Street Arvada, CO 80002303-271-5780
Fax: 303-275-7503
7495 W. 29th Ave. Wheat Ridge, CO 80033303-271-5780
Fax: 303-239-9592
email: firstname.lastname@example.com
Fax: 303-239-7023
Public Health
Jefferson County Public Health (JCPH) in partnership with the Jefferson County Board of Health, Jefferson County Health Council and numerous community partners will release its health assessment, Healthy People, Healthy Places at a community event open to the public on May 23, 2013. The outdoor, rain or shine, event will take place at Jefferson High School's new community garden at 2305 Pierce St in Edgewater, Colorado from 3:30 p.m. – 4:30 p.m. Anyone interested in attending, is encouraged to register. The Healthy People, Healthy Places community health assessment provides a comprehensive look at the overall health status of the County. The data updates our residents about health issues that cause illness, injury, loss of quality of life, and death in Jefferson County. A Community Health Assessment (CHA) is the ongoing process of regular and systematic collection, assembly, analysis, and distribution of information on the health needs of the community. By better understanding the needs of the community and focusing efforts, we can effectively improve the health of Jefferson County residents. "Healthy People, Healthy Places is the culmination of months of data collection and review that paints an overall picture of the health of our community" said Dr. Mark Johnson, M.D., M.P.H, Jefferson County Public Health's medical director. "The data provided can be used to mobilize resources and plan for better ways to help improve our health." The Community Health Assessment is one of the initial steps in a larger process that is part of Healthy People Healthy Places, a collaboration of community organizations, government agencies and individuals committed to developing and implementing a Community Health Improvement Plan for Jefferson County, Colorado. Health Assessment Highlights:
The Jefferson County Community Health Assessment executive summary is currently available on the Healthy People Healthy Places web site, and the JCPH web site, www.jeffco.us/health. The full report will be available online following the release of the print version on May 23, 2013.
For more information or to get involved in creating a healthier Jefferson County, please visit: www.healthypeoplehealthyplacesjeffco.com or call Erika Jermé, MScPl, JCPH Community Health Improvement Planner at 303-271-5737 or email Erika at email@example.com.
May 15, 2013
100 Jefferson County Parkway Golden, Colorado 80419 (303) 279-6511
© 2013-2016 Jefferson County, CO.


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Key West Wedding at Casa Marina from Erin Jean PhotographyWhen you are completely dedicated to adding a dose of personality to your big day, you'll do just about anything. Like drive from Wisconsin to Key West in a great big van chock-full of meaningful details, just like these two sweeties.
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Scientists have known that developing organs communicate with blood vessels via chemical signals to ensure that they receive the proper blood supply to sustain growth. Now, researchers have discovered that blood vessels themselves can send signals to the pancreas that trigger its development. The finding provides the first glimpse of a new type of biochemical signaling pathway that may prevent the pancreas, and possibly other organs, from developing until a blood-supply pipeline is in place.
According to the researchers, the source of the blood vessel signal may prove useful to scientists who are hoping to guide the differentiation of embryonic stem cells into pancreatic islet cells, the insulin-producing cells that are depleted in people who have type I diabetes. The discovery was published September 28, 2001, in the journal Science, as part of the Science Express Web site.
"Other biologists might already have thought of the possibility of such signaling, but it was definitely a surprise to me," said Melton, a Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator at Harvard University. According to Melton, insights from histological studies provided the initial evidence that led them to search for blood vessel signaling.
"When we used histological sections to examine how the pancreas develops, what jumped out was that we could never find any evidence for pancreas development or differentiation when there wasn't a blood vessel touching it," he said. "Also, it has been long known that in mice the pancreas develops by initially forming three buds, which are subsequently reduced to two. These remaining two buds fuse to form the whole pancreas. We'd always been puzzled about why the third bud disappears, and our examinations showed that this bud invariably loses its contact with a blood vessel. Taken together, these studies indicated to us that pancreatic development is closely linked with the presence or absence of blood vessels."
Melton and colleagues Eckhard Lammert and Ondine Cleaver did three types of experiments that provided additional evidence that blood vessel endothelial cells transmit signals to embryonic endodermal cells that develop into tissues such as the pancreas.
In cell culture studies, Melton and his colleagues found that isolated, cultured endoderm cells showed no signs of becoming pancreatic cells as they grew. When the scientists added cells from the dorsal aorta -- a vessel that lies next to those cells in the developing embryo -- the endoderm cells began expressing insulin and the gene, Pdx1, which is a known marker of pancreatic differentiation.
In experiments using frog embryos, the scientists found that when they removed blood vessels that were adjacent to pancreatic tissue, the embryos did not show normal expression of genes or insulin production that would be characteristic of normal pancreas differentiation.
Finally, the scientists created transgenic mice in which the gene VEGF164, which triggers blood vessel development, was overexpressed. In these studies, the scientists found that a dramatic increase in blood vessel endothelial tissue accompanied a similar increase in pancreatic islet cells. The researchers also found insulin-producing cells in the stomachs of the mice – an area where such cells would not normally appear. The three lines of evidence warrant a rethinking of the role of blood vessels in organ development, said Melton.
"The fact that all tissues and organs in the body need blood has led many biologists, including myself, to consider blood vessels as tubing that provides sustenance for the body," he said. "But beyond that, there are a special set of organs or tissues in the body that use blood to serve their basic functions. These include hormone-secreting endocrine glands, lungs, kidneys, the liver and the pancreas.
"So, these organs must arrange for intimate contact with vessels," he said. "To do this, they could develop first and then send signals to blood vessels to come to them – as tumors do in the process of angiogenesis. Or, these organs could also use a mechanism involving signals from blood vessels to trigger their differentiation, to guarantee this intimate contact before they develop."
Given the new findings that blood vessels signal pancreatic cells, Melton expects a similar signaling system to be found in other organs. While the discovery of this signaling mechanism will most likely aid efforts to trigger stem cells to become islet cells to treat diabetes, Melton emphasizes that blood-vessel-signaling constitutes only one factor governing such differentiation.
"This is not the answer by itself to the problem of making islet cells," he said. "But it is an important finding because it reveals one of the signals in a stepwise path in islet cell differentiation," he said.
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