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Home › Forums › Scouting › Backpacking Light with Scouts › Scouts complete 22 miles on a weekend and want more
Mar 21, 2014 at 5:59 pm #1314700
The magic of lightweight backpacks, enthusiasm and allowing the Scouts to plan and lead made for an amazing weekend.
Enjoy the video! 22-Mile West Fork LoopMar 23, 2014 at 8:21 am #2085368
Brian ReymanBPL Member
@breymanLocale: Rocky Mountains
Neat video, thanks for sharing.
I hadn't ever seen the 500 feet elevation = 1 mile pieces to count for mileage in awards from the BSA before. Can you post the link so I can use in the future?
Thanks!Mar 23, 2014 at 9:17 pm #2085585
Hi Brian,
I like your website!
Personally, I am not a fan of "Backpacking miles." I have not been able to find an official BSA rule, but our local Los Angeles High Adventure Team gives an explanation of what they call, "Scheduled Hours of Backpacking."
The basic formula is: Scheduled Hours = miles / 2 + elevation gained in (1,000) feet
When I describe the amount of miles our Troop completes, I tell it in real miles plus elevation gain. But the boys are awarded based on "Backpacking Miles," which include the formula. Honestly, I think "Backpacking Miles" are somewhat disingenuous. Can you imagine telling someone that you completed the PCT, and when they asked how many miles, you factor in the 315,000 feet of elevation gain to the 2,650 miles" That would be over 3,200 miles!
Here is the link to our Los Angeles Area Council High Adventure Team. The explanation is on Page 9: http://www.laac-hat.org/pdfs/HikeAid05-BackpackingProgram.pdfMar 24, 2014 at 9:39 am #2085660
Don AmundsonBPL Member
@amrowincLocale: Southern California
Hi John-consider bringing some of the scouts up to the GGG/SOCAL event at Henninger Flats Apr 11/12/13. They might be interested in see some of the gear that will be there. Even if you/they came in on a day hike Sat it might prove educational for them.Mar 24, 2014 at 9:55 pm #2085887
Hi Don, I would love to go to the GGG/SOCAL event but I am booked Friday thru Sunday. I will pass it on to the boys. See you (hopefully) soon on the trail…Apr 16, 2014 at 9:07 am #2093599
So John, what went into making your troop interested in backpacking? Involved parents? A gear inventory to loan to new scouts? Are these all older scouts? How do you get younger scouts involved and interested in backpacking? How many adults went on your trip, and how many scouts?Apr 16, 2014 at 7:13 pm #2093838
Hi Bob, I appreciate your questions and ended up writing a short book on my blog! The short answers are: Yes, parental involvement has been key; minimal gear inventory; most are younger scouts because they learned about "light" as a Tenderfoot; We had 7 boys and 4 ASMs on the 22-mile trip.
The expanded explanation is at my website/blog. Check it out here!
Let me know your thoughts
jtApr 16, 2014 at 8:29 pm #2093864
I had a good experience getting a scout troop to try backpacking. About half the parents were in favor of it and we could not have pulled it off without the support. My son is out of the troop now, and I wonder how long the troop will remain active in backpacking. I'm still involved, but the new scoutmaster is a car camper. All the trips so far in 2014 have been car camping trips. my backpacking blog is here:
with pics of some scout trips with other backpacking posts. BobApr 16, 2014 at 8:40 pm #2093871
Bruce TolleyBPL Member
@btolleyLocale: San Francisco Bay Area
500 feet elevation gain to count as 1 mile?
I have never heard of this before. Maybe it is some convention or tradition of some troops or councils for local awards or recognitions.
The BSA guidelines for advancement are pretty clear that Scouters are not supposed to subtract from or add to the requirements. To apply such a calculation to the hiking requirements of merit badges or rank advancement would seem to be a "subtract from."Apr 16, 2014 at 9:50 pm #2093890
Bob, I like your site and trip reports. As for Scouts and backpacking, I too got a little push-back from some leaders who felt Scouting is geared more for base camping than backpacking. Now that so many boys have caught the bug, the boys are bored with base camping. I do, however, think there should be a balance.Apr 16, 2014 at 9:56 pm #2093891
Bruce, "Backpacking miles" have been a tradition with our troop for many years (we are now 100 years old as of 2013). I don't know how the counsel justifies the added miles except that it accounts for elevation gain, which is extra effort.
As I posted earlier, I am not a fan of adding miles. If I had my way, I would do away with the calculation. I tell the Scouts that a "mile is a mile," nothing more, or nothing less.Apr 16, 2014 at 10:39 pm #2093899
David ThomasBPL Member
@davidinkenaiLocale: North Woods. Far North.
I've long used the concept of "equivalent miles" to equate flat-land hiking to hillwalking to mountainous terrain. Because whether you're training, backpacking miles between campsites, or assessing how sore you feel afterwards, those vertical feet do count. And they count pretty close to 500 vertical feet being like another horizontal mile.
Of course, carrying more weight in your pack makes the miles more demanding as well. I haven't developed or so rigorously checked a formula for that, but Ray Jardine has a table in his book. And being overweight makes it harder, too.
Downsides: It might seem like misrepresenting the accomplishment if "equivalent" isn't stressed and explained. And people with minimal or no experience might not accept the concept, however carefully it is explained.
Upsides: You give kids who tackle more mountainous terrain credit for having down so. And it gives some consolation as they are slogging up the mountain.
On balance, I'd lean towards just awarding on horizontal miles, but discussing the equivalent miles concept with the boys and patting them on the back for having done more than the minimum effort. My "25 night", "50 night" and "100 nights camped" awards were all night-for-night. No double credit for that wilderness survival merit badge night in a self-made shelter. No multiplier for snow camping. There is validity to all those concepts, but maybe that needs to another award – "year-round camper" to have camped every month of the year. "Mountain Man" for a backpacking trip with over 10,000 feet of vertical up + down. etc.
Edited to add: for our metric members, the equation is easier. Figure every 100m of vertical adds the effort of another 1 km of level hiking.Apr 17, 2014 at 3:51 am #2093916
Michael GunderloyBPL Member
Our troop does *some* backpacking – typically 1-2 trips a year. Sadly (to me) they don't do lightweight; 15 miles over 3 days is considered a tough trip, and most of the boys are carrying more and heavier gear than I am. I think this has largely been driven by a few older scouts & adults who see backpacking as a macho test of "you have to be able to carry 50 pounds without collapsing" then as a way to enjoy the outdoors. There's also an awful lot of attitude that you have to carry everything you might possibly need for any trek; this reaches the height of absurdity when boys are told to carry a minimum of 4 full Nalgene bottles of water for a trip when we're never more than a mile from running water.
I'm hoping to change this but it's a long slog. At least my boy and I are carrying sensible loads.
As far as equivalent miles…yes, there are national standards. But my observation across many units around here is that everyone breaks the rules in some manner or other. Maybe we're all just slackers.Apr 17, 2014 at 10:50 am #2094028
Our council has the rule 1000' of gain = 1 mile, 2000' of loss = 1 mile. Some of my trips are 6 days, and only 40 miles or so total, but I call them 50 milers and no one checks the math. Some of our leaders do 50 milers in 3 days. A 6 day trip is different from a 3 day trip. Younger boys can to a 6 day 50 milers, plus for old geezers, 50 miles in 6 days is easier. 50 miles in 3 days is a marathon, not a fun vacation.
What we did that was different from most troops was get 11 year olds on a backpack early on, and have backpacks as our monthly campouts. The troop previously had car camps as the monthly trips, and the few backpacks were really just a guy and his family going backpacking. They were not announced early, so nobody could plan on joining them, and who wants to do 50 miles in 3 days anyway? We found that 11 years olds could do backpacks of 2 miles with no problem, and after that they were ready to do backpacks of 4 miles the next time.
I fear that our 6 years as a backpacking troop may be slipping away.
As far as mileage for merit badges, that is strictly miles hiked, no adjustment for elevation. For counting as a 50 mile hike, I use the elevation fudge factor, and the mileage inspector from BSA has not audited us yet.Apr 17, 2014 at 11:39 am #2094043
Rick AdamsBPL Member
we have found it very difficult to convert a car camping troop to backpacking. we will get a lot for a very short, 1-2 mile, trip. few will go farther, but once they do they are hooked. we had a 75lb 11y/o do an 18 mile weekend out and back last fall. he has reprioritized his schedule, dropping soccer and basketball, to be available for ever scout outing since. his mom and dad haver never camped.
we do not practice ul but most of our backpacking leaders are l without the u and the few that aren't are converting. we literally beg parents to talk to us before buying gear so they are spending money in the right places. we also encourage repurposing non camp items.
i think most of the resistance to backpacking comes from the parents. we start talking about more than a couple miles or hiking on snow to camp and the murmuring starts in the back of the room.
we still schedule backpacking and sell it as older scout activities and car camping for the younger guys. we end up with young guys backpacking for pride, and they end up liking it.
i've come to accept that boy's join scouts for a variety of reasons, a number just to do the minimum for eagle, the actual outdoor stuff is nothing more than a necessary evil to those families.
i talked to an old scouter and he said the best way to get them to go longer mileages was simply to tell them it's 2 miles and take them 5. once they learn it isn't so bad they come back for more.
i'm not comfortable with adding mileage for altitude. i'll take it into account for planning but not for any type of merit. we hike 20 miles for the hiking merit badge in the woods on real hiking trails, other area troops walk the local highway frontage road because it is easier. i guess that's why many towns have several troops to choose from.
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37 Pages Posted: 15 Jan 2005 Last revised: 11 Nov 2013
The conventional view of Rawlsian political philosophy is that the private law lies outside the scope of the two principles of justice - it is not part of the basic structure of society which, in this view, is limited to basic constitutional liberties and the state's system of tax and transfer. This narrow view of the basic structure invites the conclusion that Rawlsian political philosophy is neutral with respect to the contemporary debate over the ex ante and ex post conceptions of contract law. We argue, however, that the narrow view is incorrect and the private law is properly understood as subject to the two principles of justice. We argue that individual areas of the private law must be constructed - in conjunction with all other legal and political institutions - in a manner which best meets the demands of the two principles of justice. In our view, the private law, for Rawlsianism, should not be viewed as separable from other areas of law. Despite the confusion in the literature over the narrow view of the basic structure, we maintain that the private law is not independent of the demands of the principles of justice. We argue that private ordering for Rawlsianism is properly understood as one component of an entire scheme of legal and political institutions. Taken as a whole, this scheme (in comparison with all other possible complete schemes of legal and political institutions) best meets the demands of the two principles of justice. Importantly, we also argue that our thesis - that contract law is subject to the two principles of justice - does not imply that either individual contracts or doctrines of contract law answer directly to the two principles of justice. That is to say, individual contracts and rules of contract law need not, in our view, pattern themselves after, nor be read directly off the principles of justice. Instead, we argue that for the Rawlsian, contract law is a matter of (re)distribution, consistent with a post-institutional right to freedom of contract. We understand freedom of contract, for Rawlsianism, to be defined as the scheme of contracting options constructed as open or free (in the post-institutional sense) in conjunction with the overall scheme of legal and political institutions which, when taken as a whole, best serves the demands of the two principles of justice.
Keywords: contract law, Rawls, basic structure, difference principle, unconscionability, distributive justice, private law
JEL Classification: K12, D63
Suggested Citation: Suggested Citation
Kordana, Kevin A. and Blankfein-Tabachnick, David, Rawls and Contract Law. George Washington Law Review, Vol. 73, March 2005. Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=649085

subset: commoncrawl


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As to my own family, food bored my mother who considered herself an early female intellectual. Our maids were convent-trained, from Ireland. They made wonderful soda bread and potato bread daily, as at their home. They could fry bacon and make a pastry of a sort. I try not to think what they did to meat.
Having tried French family food on an exchange visit, I took over cooking when time permitted in my teens. I remember terrible dinner parties with friends where the food they generally served was grindingly boring (though the quality of vegetables was superb).
Then came the war. The shortages and lack of variety made food something one tried to ignore. None of us starved - rationing actually worked unbelievably well - but interest in food and cookery was set aside until the war should be won - and for some years after.
But then along came Elizabeth David. Her books appeared in the early Fifties and they were a revelation. She revolutionised our whole dreary acceptance of mediocrity - she made cookery exciting and rewarding. She took us abroad mentally and gastronomically. The food we cooked and talked about had nothing to do with snobbery.
Elizabeth David showed us what pleasure good food was, how different countries enjoyed it in different ways, and she helped us to provide it. She added a valuable and previously largely unobtainable dimension to life. She led the way from a time when cookery writing was largely confined to instruction manuals.
Yours faithfully, FRANCES NEILL London, N10
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this wiki
|Clabbage Cobbler (mate), Numerous mini cobblers, Chowder (owner)
|First Appearance
|Froggy Apple Crumple Thumpkin (Pilot episode)
|Voice actor
|C.H. Greenblatt
Kimchi is Chowder's pet and is a fart. No one likes going near him but Chowder doesn't mind his smell. He is played by C.H. Greenblatt. Kimchi is in love with a Clabbage Cobbler. In The Garage Sale, Chowder says that Kimchi pees in his cage if he's gone for a long time.
Speech Pattern
Kimchi's style of speech consists of farting.
Kimchi was born in a swamp. One day Mung forced young Chowder to get some flushrooms but their hideouse appearance frightened Chowder. He hid in a woods but he saw an innocent young Kimchi going home but a Crocadile (actually an aligator) was about to eat him. Chowder (supposeiblly) rescued Kimchi and claimed that he is now safe and will live with Chowder. Kimchi's family was horrified when they learned that Chowder stole/kidnapped him because that Alligator was actually Kimchi's home.
Kimchi looks like, and is, a fart. Kimchi looks like a greener version of "The Flying Nimbus Of Roshi" from Dragon Ball Z with eyes, and like the Flying Nimbus, Chowder can sit on him and can use him as transportation like Goku. It could be possible than the Flying Nimbus was inspiration for Kimchi.
Kimchi's Girlfriend
Kimchi's girlfriend was the Clabbage Cobbler, which he later married. The Cobbler had babies by making really tiny Clabbage Cobblers. But in the later episode, "My Big Fat Stinky Wedding", Kimchi was in an arranged marriage to Robert Limburger. That's why his almost-wife had a bag on its head.
- To avoid dispute in South Korea, the Southeast Asian version of Cartoon Network, which broadcasts to South Korean audiences, muted every mention of his name in dialogue in the English audio feed. The channel's Korean language subtitle feed refers him as "지지" (Jiji), meaning "dirty thing". The channel itself does not have Korean audio feed because of South Korean media regulations.
- In Japanese, Kimchi's name had been changed to Natto (なっとう), which is a Japanese bean dish known for its strong odor. This may have also been due to the fact the Kimchi is a Korean food.


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The Bat HTML version
Cross-Questions And Crooked Answers
All unconscious of the slur just cast upon her forty years of single-minded devotion to the
Van Gorder family, Lizzie chose that particular moment to open the door and make a
little bob at her mistress and the detective.
"The gentleman's room is ready," she said meekly. In her mind she was already
beseeching her patron saint that she would not have to show the gentleman to his room.
Her ideas of detectives were entirely drawn from sensational magazines and her private
opinion was that Anderson might have anything in his pocket from a set of terrifying
false whiskers to a bomb!
Miss Cornelia, obedient to the detective's instructions, promptly told the whitest of fibs
for Lizzie's benefit.
"The maid will show you to your room now and you can make yourself comfortable for
the night." There - that would mislead Lizzie, without being quite a lie.
"My toilet is made for an occasion like this when I've got my gun loaded," answered
Anderson carelessly. The allusion to the gun made Lizzie start nervously,, unhappily for
her, for it drew his attention to her and he now transfixed her with a stare.
"This is the maid you referred to?" he inquired. Miss Cornelia assented. He drew nearer
to the unhappy Lizzie.
"What's your name?" he asked, turning to her.
"E-Elizabeth Allen," stammered Lizzie, feeling like a small and distrustful sparrow in the
toils of an officious python.
Anderson seemed to run through a mental rogues gallery of other criminals named
Elizabeth Allen that he had known.
"How old are you?" he proceeded.
Lizzie looked at her mistress despairingly. "Have I got to answer that?" she wailed. Miss
Cornelia nodded - inexorably.
Lizzie braced herself. "Thirty-two," she said, with an arch toss of her head.
The detective looked surprised and slightly amused.
"She's fifty if she's a day," said Miss Cornelia treacherously in spite of a look from Lizzie
that would have melted a stone.
The trace of a smile appeared and vanished on the detective's face.


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Any gear disputes are not logical. It was and it is that you can beat a content with previous tier. 329 ilvl - you are suposed to complete heroics and even some achievements. 346 - you are free to raid at least 6\\12. 350 - 12\\12 for sure. World First guils, who get heroic modes on 2nd week, can be the proof. Like 359 crafts\\boe can allow a 325 ilvl player to beat hc dungeons, and a 346 ilvl player to feel free to raid, new craftable\\boe\\rep epics will push most undergeared players forth. You dont have to beat 4.0 content(unless you are going for Dragonwrath). As it was stated - it will cause underproduction. People who have alts not geared should be able to access content. If there was a different time in WoW except for Vanilla, please correct me. Why do you think Blizz added those two ridiculous troll dungeons? For placeholding? Yes. To ease gameplay? Yes. To help peole gear for 4.0? Yes, although as I said, 346 ilvl is more than enough. If you can well farm normal heroics for 346 pieces, spending time farming trolls for a few ilvls up is a waste, unless you want to be purple. The true purpose of troll dungeons is to rise minimal solo ilvl(previously 346) to 353, and to make every player have epics without raiding. Kind of...Endboss heroic epics in WotLK. Or even better - ToC5, ICC5. Players with 353-359-365 ilvls should and will be enough to do same 3\\7 bosses. If you have full 359 set, it makes you completely ready for 7\\7 if you are hardcore enough. Please, do not say that undergeared tanks will die, or that 372 is a must. FL normal ilvl is 378, 6 ilvls more than yours. Is that supposed to be a challenge? It's like boosting 325s with 359s to beat 346s. I pity hardcore guilds with full 372ilvls. They will get nothing out of FL normal(unless they are ready to repimp every single epic for more stats(most definetly they are)). Worldfirst\\hardcore guilds will step into heroic modes on 1-4th weeks of the release. It is only 391 ilvl that they are looking for as an upgrade or progression. But again, hasnt whole WotLK been like this? 200>226, 219>239,219>258,232>277?
Raiding this tier is a bit more difficult than in Wrath. It's a mix of skill and gear--I've brought alts in blues to raid (in a situation that involved 12/13 HM raiders familiar with the encounters), but I've also seen pugs in full epics wipe to the new troll instances much more frequently. If you can stand out of the fire, you'll do better in lesser gear, but there is still a threshhold and there's mini-enrage timers built into encounters (timing Maloriak green phases/p2 correctly, pushing Sinestra into p2 before the second wrack, needing to kill Atramedes before gongs run out) so even if you execute perfectly in blues, you'll lose on the end-bosses and hardmodes. It's more unforgiving than Wrath was. There's always been some sort of 'tank gear check' boss placed early on in a raid--(Brutallus, Marrowgar, Beasts) and Firelands will most likely have one too. It's entirely possible that the encounter will be retuned to be easier but right now on PTR, it appears you need the gear, and the other guilds referenced on this thread (Method etc) are also geared to the teeth plus are a lot more skilled than your average player.I agree that ZA/ZG is to help non-raiders catch up. It's no secret and that's been part of the plan since badge vendors in BC offered higher ilvl rewards as time went on. But they do offer new stat combos as I covered in my 4.1 guide. Stuff like the ilvl 353 mail helm is infinitely better than the mail 359 helm from Asc Council. The 379 Shard of Woe is going to hold up amazingly well with higher ilvl stuff due to how it is itemized for healers. I'm sure some normal FL gear will be trash, others will be a significant upgrade even though it's just 6 ilvls. To top server progression guilds, gear upgrades aren't their main concern anyway, but if you are really in just full 359, you probably haven't conquered a lot of hardmodes, and as such, would struggle more with the coordination in firelands which is intended to be a step up in difficulty.I'll wait to pass judgement on what sort of gear is needed when we can test the rest of the encounters :)
I don't really like the argument using world first guilds as an example of past tier being viable--it's obvious they could do it in any gear, they're extremely skilled players. I was writing my strategies with the general population in mind. For example, someone else cited Method's two healing as proof it was easy; we two healed it at times, but most guilds will three heal at first. Most people will find the damage significant since it hits harder than existing instances (with the exception of heroic modes). So on and so forth.And if ZA/ZG are 5-mans, most of the general population is having extreme issues with them even in guild runs unless they're "hardcore guilds." So no, I don't see those players running in with their current set up and killing this boss easily.
You maybe have misunderstood. I did not mean that FL will be easy, no. It's normal mode just wont be as rewarding for 372 ilvlers as for fresh 353-365s.


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Through Fielding Yost's dogged perseverance, the Regents approved the new stadium on April 22, 1926. Although Yost originally wanted to build the new stadium where the Michigan Golf Course is now located, that plan was denied. Instead, this new structure was to be built on land the University had purchased in 1925, land that at one time had been home to a barn, a strawberry patch and an underground spring that had served the University's water needs in the early years. The water posed a problem to the construction, as the land had to be lowered to take care of a large underground lake. The underground lake also led to a surface which nearly resembled quicksand. It was this moist ground that during construction, engulfed a crane which, according to legend, remains under the stadium today. The high water table also led to nearly three-quarters of the stadium being built below ground level.
After much debate, the Regents, the University of Michigan and Fielding Yost reached an agreement by which the stadium would seat 72,000. However, Yost was able to influence the plans so the stadium could be expanded to seat more than 100,000. The construction would be financed not by the taxpayers of the State of Michigan but by the sale of 3,000 $500 bonds. These bonds would entitle the bondholder to buy season tickets (guaranteed between the 30-yard lines) for every season from 1927 until the bonds would be retired in 1936. Due to the Great Depression, not a penny was paid on these bonds between 1931 and 1936, and they were not completely retired until October 15, 1947.
With Yost's successful promotion, the bonds sold and construction began. Fashioned after the Yale Bowl, 440 tons of reinforcing steel and 31,000 square feet of wire mesh went into the building of the 44-section, 72-row, 72,000-seat stadium at a cost of $950,000. The original seats consisted of 22 miles of California Redwood, and the 360 x 160 foot grass playing field included the planting of one four leaf clover.
Opening Season at Michigan Stadium, 1927
Despite the grandeur of the new home, many journalists and fans questioned how the new stadium would affect Michigan's home field advantage after having gone 88-14-2 at Ferry Field.
As the stadium neared completion, Yost requested an addition of 10,000 temporary seats for the concourse at the top of the stadium. This request passed, and Michigan Stadium opened at the corner of Main Street and Stadium Boulevard with a capacity of 84,401 -- the largest college owned stadium of any team in the nation.
On Oct. 1, 1927, Michigan played Ohio Wesleyan in the first game at Michigan Stadium. The game was a success as Michigan started the scoring on a 28-yard pass from Louis Gilbert to tight end Kip Taylor and prevailed easily, 33-0. The new stadium was dedicated three weeks later against Ohio State on Oct. 22, 1927. Though Michigan spoiled the dedication of Ohio Stadium five years earlier, the Wolverines blanked the Buckeyes 21-0 before a capacity crowd of 84,401 at Michigan Stadium.
Game program from Michigan Stadium dedication
After a successful season in which the Wolverines drew nearly 300,000 fans, the capacity of Michigan Stadium was upped to 85,753 prior to the start of the 1928 season. In 1930, the University took advantage of new technology and installed electronic scoreboards at both ends of the stadium, becoming the first stadium to use electronic scoreboards for official game time.
With the end of World War II in 1945, Michigan Stadium was dedicated to all the men and women who gave their lives for the United States. A bronze eagle was placed at the southwest entrance of the stadium in their honor.
The Wolverines continued to draw crowds in the 80,000 range for 20 years, and in 1949 plans were drawn up to increase the size of the stadium. The most ambitious of the plans called for the addition of a top deck entirely around the stadium, increasing capacity to 125,300. Permanent steel stands around the stadium complex were finally settled upon, allowing for the seating for 97,239 fans. Michigan also replaced the temporary wooden bleachers erected in 1927 with permanent steel ones. In its first game in the enlarged stadium, Michigan drew a then-record capacity crowd to the game against Michigan State. In the first season of official NCAA attendance records (1949), the final tally showed Michigan leading the nation in average home attendance with 93,894.
Seven years later the capacity of Michigan Stadium increased again with the construction of the $700,000 Michigan Sports Communications Center (press box). The structure provided a host of resources including a press area, a photo deck, darkrooms and various other amenities. Dedicated on Sept. 22, 1956, the press box and the additional seating constructed along with it increased the capacity of Michigan Stadium to 101,001. This began a tradition of ending all Michigan Stadium capacity numbers with the digit "1", the extra seat being in honor of Fritz Crisler, the director of athletics at the time. On Oct. 6, 1956, Michigan Stadium hosted over 100,000 people for the first time as a capacity crowd saw Michigan State defeat Michigan, 9-0.
Artificial Turf Added to Michigan Stadium, 1969
In 1965 the benches were redone in blue fiberglass to prevent weathering and discoloration of the seats and the yellow "Block M" was created on the east bleachers of the stadium, a design done by former U-M player Dan Dworsky. In August of 1968, at a cost of $75,000, both scoreboards were replaced after 38 years of service. The new scoreboards now included the number of time outs left for each team as well as the location of the ball.
Based on evidence that artificial turf could withstand any type of weather and required less maintenance than grass, the Regents of the University of Michigan approved the installation of artificial turf at Michigan Stadium. In July 1969, a total of 88,285 feet of Tartan Turf were installed at a cost of $250,000. In its first game on the new surface, Michigan defeated Vanderbilt, 42-14.
In the summer of 1973, several rails in the stadium were removed, and bleacher seats replaced the box seats in the first three rows. This change allowed for six hundred additional seats in the stadium, increasing capacity 101,701. In 1974, Michigan led the nation in average attendance, as it has done every season since, except 1997.
Michigan's shutout of Purdue on Nov. 8, 1975 began its current streak in which the Wolverines played every home game in front of more than 100,000 fans.
Michigan Stadium, 1988
Michigan resurfaced the field with artificial turf in 1975 and 1982. Michigan played its last home game on artificial surface against Minnesota on Nov. 17, 1990, winning, 35-18, bringing the Wolverines' artificial turf home record from 1969-90 to an impressive 119-18-3.
In May of 1991, 87,000 feet of prescription athletic turf were installed in a comprehensive renovation of Michigan Stadium. In addition to returning to natural grass, the field was lowered by three and a half feet to facilitate sightlines in the lower rows. The bill for these improvements came to $2.25 million, which also included the addition of two rows to the lower seating area of the stadium that raised capacity to 102,501.
Prior to the 1996 season, the surface was torn up and the field crowned to allow for better drainage. During the 1997 season the University of Michigan Board of Regents approved the expansion of Michigan Stadium that added seats around the stadium and video scoreboards in each end zone.
Michigan Stadium, 1998
Michigan rewrote the NCAA record books in 1998, setting single-game and season attendance marks. Construction on the stadium finished prior to the season-opener, raising the capacity to its current 107,501. With the added seating capacity, the Wolverines set an NCAA single-game attendance record of 111,238 vs. Michigan State on Sept. 26, 1998. Michigan finished the six-game home slate in 1998 with a season average of 110,965 fans per game, breaking Tennessee's NCAA record.
The Wolverines led the nation in average attendance for the fifth straight season and 28th time in past 29 years during the 2002 season. Michigan had an average attendance of 110,576 fans at its seven home games. The season total of 774,033 fans at the "Big House" set a new stadium record but ranked third in NCAA total attendance behind Penn State (857,911) and Ohio State (827,904), which both played eight home games. U-M had four crowds over 111,000, including the season's largest attended game of 111,542 fans vs. Michigan State.
Michigan has tallied 350 victories in "The Big House" and has drawn in excess of 35 million fans. Though many facts are known about Michigan Stadium, one aspect that is not is the location of Fritz Crisler's seat. Despite this anonymity, the legacies of Crisler and Yost live on as Michigan continues to pack the stadium full of 100,000-plus fans game after game.
» Learn about ticket packs and individual game tickets for the 2017 Michigan football season.


text:
German Shepherd Dog Forums (http://www.germanshepherds.com/forum/)
- Schutzhund/IPO Training (http://www.germanshepherds.com/forum/schutzhund-ipo-training/)
- - Long Island Schutzhund? (http://www.germanshepherds.com/forum/schutzhund-ipo-training/406594-long-island-schutzhund.html)
Long Island Schutzhund?
Anyone know of anywhere on long Island that has a club? I found 2 that do not seem to exists anymore.
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text:
Bellville Times
A Life Remembered
Pauline Stella Bienek was born Dec. 3, 1919 to Wallace and Josephine (Krocolck) Kaliszewski in Bellville. She was educated and married in Bellville and lived there, and in the Cochran and Raccoon Bend Community, her entire life.
She married Mike Bienek on Oct. 26, 1937 and attended Sts. Peter and Paul Catholic Church where her parents helped to establish the church in its beginnings.
Pauline was a fabulous cook, and accomplished seamstress, an avid reader and most of all a loving wife, mother and caregiver. Her compassion for others was an example to all who knew her.
Even when she could no longer attend church services, she received communion at home after Saturday's Mass and remained intensely interested in what was happening in the church community and at "Young at Heart" a church recreational group she attended regularly.
Pauline and her family are so thankful to have had Carla "Plunnie" McDade as her caretaker, friend and "Valentine". Carla was essential in Pauline's' care and comfort. She was also thankful to have Texas Home Health Care and Brazos Valley Hospice visit her almost every day as her health declined.
Pauline is survived by two sons Douglas Bienek of Bellville and Michael and Carrie Bienek of Bellville and one daughter Marcella Schomburg and husband Wayne of Sealy. She is also survived by four grandchildren, Aaron Schomburg of Bellville, Neil Schomburg and his wife Amy of Pearland, Leigh Ann Schomburg Ryan and husband Bob of Greenwich, Connecticut, and Jerid Bienek of Bellville. She also is survived by 8 great grandchildren: Grand, Christopher, Jacob and Hannah Schomburg; Lucy, Robert, and Maggie Ryan, and Trenton Bienek.
She is preceded in death by her husband Mike Bienek, her parents Wallace and Josephine Kaliszewski, her sister Willie Mae Hintzel, and her brother Max Kaliszewski.
Visitation for Pauline Bienek was Sunday, May 19, 2013 from 5-7 p.m. with a rosary following. Funeral service was Monday, May 20,2013 at 10 a.m. at Sts. Peter and Paul Catholic Church with interment at Oak Knoll Cemetery.
Pallbearers: Aaron and Neil Schomburg, Marvin and Melvin Hintzel, Jerid Bienek and Robert Ryan.
In lieu of usual remembrances, those who wish may make memorial gifts to Sts. Peter and Paul Catholic Church, Lifeline of Austin County, or to the charity of their choice.
Knesek Funeral Home in Bellville in charge of arrangements: www.knesekfuneralhome.com
Posted by Joy Neely


text:
Humboldt University Berlin
Research Assistant
I am a master's student of Economics and Management Science and research assistant at Berlin's Humboldt University.
I have a B.Sc of mathematics from the Hebrew University in Jerusalem.
I've worked in the past in different fields - from game design to economic research.
To the field of social media I got through two different approaches - on the one hand I was in charge of the promotion and social-media presence of a local club in Jerusalem, and on the other I was in charge of the Facebook and virtual presence of an Israeli-Palestinian NGO.
I hav been interested in social media ever since.


text:
We all value local shops. They are convenient, give a sense of community, are often unique independent stores selling unusual and interesting things, helping to add character to our local area – all of which serves to make it a nicer place to live.
However, your local high street or parade of shops is more than a way to buy what you want without having to trek through traffic, wasting your time, polluting the environment and taking money out of your local economy.
Your local shops also play a vital role in creating local jobs.
Evidence shows that for every £10 spent in an independent shop, £25 is generated for the local economy, compared to £14 spent in multinationals. Even if your local businesses are part of larger chains, they too help to create local jobs – and not just in the stores themselves.
If more people are shopping and working in the local area, then thathelps other businesses too – and so even more of them can generate employment, which in turn means
there is more money in the local economy, which can help other shops. And so the virtuous circle goes on…
Eclectic lifestyle boutique Bunka is a typical example. It has now grown to have three branches – in Forest Hill, Earlsfield and Balham – and is recruiting for staff in its stores which sell a delicious mix of cutting-edge clothing, shoes and jewellery as well as funky homeware and gifts.
Local shops also work hard supporting local communities – just look at how many school Christmas fetes and nativities are sponsored by businesses and how many local shops supply produce for raffles.
Also, if there is more money swirling around in the local economy, then not only are the local shops more prosperous, so is everyone else – more taxes are paid, more people are employed and more people want to live there, helping property prices.
That's why the #localeconomy campaign is encouraging us to think twice before spending away from home.
Remember – a small decision every time you head to the shops can make a real difference over time not just to your local retailers, but to the entire neighbourhood. So don't forget – think #localeconomy. You can help tosupport it in the following ways…
Think before you shop
For every pound you spend in a local independent shop or locally-owned business, around 50p to 70p benefits your local community, whereas if you shop out-of-town or online from a large retailer, as little as 5p finds its way back.
Think independent
Be creative with your Christmas shopping list. Go to totally-locally.co.uk and indiechristmas.co.uk, and you'll feel the benefit not just from supporting independent retailers, but also unearthing some hidden gems
Spread the word
Tell everyone you know about what's on their doorstep – it can make a huge difference. For example, according to Totally Locally's Teddington website, if every adult in Teddington spent £5 per week in local independent shops rather than big chains or online, £5.1 million a year would go into the local economy – meaning more jobs, more facilities and a better place to live. And why not join in the conversation and tell the wider world about your local shops? You can share your thoughts using the hashtag #localeconomy.
A thriving high street
Lifestyle boutique Bunka is a great example of how independent local retailers can help the local economy. Co-founder Dominic Crowe says: "We are a friendly community-based retailer, attracting the buggy brigade – which likes to and has to shop local – as well as the wider community.
"Most of our customers are regulars and we get to know them really well, which helps us provide a more fun, social experience in-store, as well as cementing our place in the community. "We also try to support all the local schools with their fundraising. As many of our customers have children in the local schools, we feel this gives something back to the community – and helps us to network too."
Local retailers like Bunka are also vital in creating local employment. "We employ eight people in our three stores," adds Dominic. "Like many independent shops, we find that local people work best for us as they understand the neighbourhood and our customers. That's really important. We receive new stock every week to keep the offering fresh and vibrant and it is very much geared at our target market.
"Creating local employment also benefits us as a business. Employing local people means they do not have to travel so far to work and that works for us and for our staff – it saves our employees the expense and time of commuting and it means they tend to be more reliable."
Bunka also plays its part in helping other local businesses. "We try to keep everything local – from staff social evenings in local bars and restaurants to providing discounts for people who work in local businesses," says Dominic.
"Local shops are the life and soul of the daytime community. They provide great customer service and local knowledge, unusual and original products and services, and attract people to the area – which all has a positive knock-on effect for everyone."
- More about:
- Employment
- Jewellery
- Retail
- Schools
- Shops
- Styles And Clothes


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Domo-kun EASTER plush
My friend Sam posed for this picture. These Domo-kun plush were too cute to not take a photo with. As you can see, they playfully posed for my 1.3 MP camera on my Samsung Blast. :P All joking aside, they are such a perfect size for EASTER basket goodies, OR as a prize themselves in an EGG hunt. I would be very pleased to find a bunny or chicky DOMO hiding in my lawn next to a colorful dyed-egg.


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The 'Caps host the league-leading Earthquakes, with both teams experiencing dramatic finishes to their midweek matches.
|Vancouver Whitecaps (4-2-3-1):Cannon; YP Lee, DeMerit, Bonjour, Harvey; Koffie, Davidson; Richards, Robson, Camilo; Mattocks.
OUT: FW Eric Hassli (R ankle strain); FW Omar Salgado (R foot fracture)
DOUBTFUL: MF John Thorrington (R quad strain)
QUESTIONABLE: FW Atiba Harris (R knee surgery recovery)
|San Jose Earthquakes (4-4-2): Busch; Beitashour, Bernardez, Hernandez, Morrow; Chavez, Cronin, Baca, Salinas; Wondolowski, Gordon.
OUT: MF Sam Garza (rib fracture); MF Joey Gjertsen (R knee surgery); FW Steven Lenhart (concussion symptoms); DF Tim Ward (L non-specific soft tissue injury)
QUESTIONABLE: MF Cesar Diaz Pizarro (L ankle sprain)
- San Jose has the best record in the league, with 43 points from 21 games. Vancouver has 31 points from the same amount of matches.
- The Earthquakes lead MLS with 15 goals in the last 15 minutes of matches.
- With a .550 record, the Quakes also lead MLS in winning percentage when conceding first.
- Marvin Chavez is tied for second in the league with eight assists. Chris Wondolowski leads the golden boot race with 17 goals.
- Vancouver drew 2-2 with the LA Galaxy midweek despite leading by two goals with 10 minutes to go in the game. Before that, the Whitecaps went on a five-game road swing, posting a 1-3-1 record.


text:
Click on a heading or person's name below for more information:
|Radiation Oncology Department
|Radiation Biology, Division of
|(305) 243-3922
|Fox Cancer Center (Map)
|Medical Campus Locator: R-71
|Fax Number: (305) 243-2388
|URL: http://www.miami.edu/research
|Paul G. Braunschweiger, Professor
|(305) 243-3922
|Ofelia Santana, Research Assistant
|(305) 243-1112
|Terms of Use
This service is provided for your responsible use. You are prohibited from using this for purposes of solicitation, mass mailings, or commercial gain, or from using it in a way that would violate federal, state, local, and/or University regulations and/or policies. You are also prohibited from misrepresenting, concealing, or falsifying your identity, or sending communications that would be disruptive to the receiving systems or offensive to the receiving party. Misuse of this information could result in disciplinary action up to and including termination (for employees), dismissal from the university (for students), or legal action (for those outside the university). Back to Search


text:
An app by Upload2Flickr
Upload2Flickr helps you upload photos and videos in Android phone to flickr.com. Some of the features include:
* Support multi flickr accounts. Please see also Accounts Management.
* Support to upload photos and videos.
* Works fine together with android internal app Gallery.
* There are 3 modes to do uploading:
1. Expert mode. In this mode, you can do very detail setting for uploading file, e.g. Select an account from the multi flickr accounts; Distribute the photo/video to several photo sets, even create new photo sets; Type the title, description of the file, and assign some tags; Post to blog, as well as you can post it to twitter.
2. 1-Click mode. This mode is for quickly uploading a file to flickr, just 1-click then the photo/video will be uploaded to the flickr account which you have configured in Upload2Flickr's 'Preferences'. Please see also Preferences to setup the 1-Click uploading.
3. Batch mode. If you want to select and upload a large number of files, you will like this mode, multi select the files then add them to the uploading queue in one time.
* Save the uploading tasks in database, never be lost even the handset is power off, after the handset is power on again and connect to the internet, the tasks will be started automatically.
* Some cool features to manage the tasks, e.g. Pause/resume the uploading tasks; Cancel the uploading tasks, you know it's very useful when you find a video is too large and want to cancel it; Delete the pending tasks. Please see also Tasks Management.
* Start to work as soon as detecting the active network, and show a notification when starting uploading.
Comments on this application
The owner of this app has deleted 1 comment from 1 user [?]
Paolo Amoroso says:
Will Upload2Flickr be available on Android
mkelly32 says:
The authorization process feels somewhat off.
The fact that I can't seem to pull up any
sort of indication of what the current URL is
is off-putting. Same with the fact that it
doesn't show the yahoo validation thingy that
I've enabled in the main android browser.
Upload2Flickr says:
Hi Paolo,
Upload2Flickr says:
Hi mkelly32,
Upload2Flickr says:
Hi, every one using Upload2Flickr,
rachelnator says:
I keep getting a force close (just downloaded
the newest version from andappstore
yesterday). It's telling me that process
com.anthony.upload2flickr has stopped
unexpectedly...this is happening constantly
right now. please help
Upload2Flickr says:
Hi racheInator,
sinedoptit says:
Dale Harris says:
Does it preserve EXIF info? I found one
flickr app for the Droid does not do that.
Upload2Flickr says:
Hi Dale,
shanemarriott says:
When do you expect the Android 2.0 version to
be available? I am also needing to force
close the app on the Milestone (Droid) but
would love to try it out properly.
Upload2Flickr says:
Hi Shane,
@englishinvader says:
Unfortunately this perpetually crashes on my
Nexus One. Would love to try out a compatible
nattaya2010 says:
Tôn Thất Hưng says:
Where is the soft ???
Kinyiri Salim says:
i am getting tolearn this by the hour.
TalkAboutTech.Net says:
It´s my first try with T-Mobile G2 Touch
(Android 1.5) and seems not to work
correctly. But I will try it again...hope it
will work. :-)
Been*there*done*that says:
My droid will not let me link my accounts at
this time because it says the download cannot
be trusted. I downloaded it from a net site
bc i couldnt find 2flickr in the app store.
What do i do?
Jakob Hürner says:
I like the idea and the feature list, but it
doesn't work on my Motorola Milestone
(Droid). :-(
Upload2Flickr says:
Hi All,
wzzrd says:
Can someone explain in a bit more detail than
'for some reason' why this is not in the
appstore? I like it (or at least I think I
do), but I'm a bit reluctant to install
something that is not from the official
appstore if I don't know the reason it isn't
in there...
Hooligan Software says:
The Android Market doesn't deny applications
except in very rare cases. The situation
here is probably due to the $25 registration
fee the Market requires of developers.
cawpin says:
The batch mode isn't working for me. I am
using a Droid X with 2.2. When I select
multiple pictures in the gallery and click
Share, Upload2Flickr is not on the app list
to share with. Please fix this, this is a
major reason I chose this application. Also,
how do you use the 1-Click upload feature? I
can't find anywhere to use it.
abcdefghijklmnopq says:
The features look great. I especially like
that it has an option to only work on Wi-Fi
and not Mobile Networks.
Upload2Flickr says:
Hi abcdefghijklmnopq,
Upload2Flickr says:
Hi All,
putraargos says:
Sangat bgus
Raikes Family [deleted] says:
I use this App daily to upload to my account.
I prefer it over other apps as I can pre-set
what upload options to use, and then simply
upload my pics by selecting Upload2Flickr
from the 'Share' option on the phone.
andytuwphoto says:
Will this app be available in the Android
Market? Looks very interesting, I like the
multi flickr account support but prefer to
get my apps from the Market.
newmoonnewmoon90 says:
I will try this one
Trudy_Damascus says:
Great app.
ada1d837171888c666b33ee0d23e8325 says:
samim.rahimi79 says:
Cute Apps
Would you like to comment?
Sign up for a free account, or sign in (if you're already a member).
» The App Garden
About this App
Heads up! The button above takes you off Flickr to a 3rd party site not reviewed by us. [?]
Why can I see this app?Anyone can see this app


text:
Welcome to HandGunForum.net!
New to forum, looking for pro's & con's about buying .40 S&W / 4" Barrel for HD, CCW and fun at the range.
Welcome to HandGunForum.net!
The 40 is a bit snappy in recoil but you should be able to handle it. Make sure you get a 40 that has a good warranty from the factory and you should be ok. I like the Glock 23 but there are others out that would fit the bill.
i'd still rather have a 9mm
lower cost
lower recoil
many more styles available - at the present time
Thanks, I'll certainly keep that in mind.


text:
Still Cloudy
Trip Start Oct 04, 2007
45Trip End Nov 23, 2007
Map your own trip!
Loading Map
Loading Map
Map Options
Show trip route
Hide lines
After breakfast and chilling out for a bit, we decided to head for Josa Ignacio - which is a village with a reputation for being expensive and exlusive and a great beach. When we arrived, it didn't look that impressive at first - we were also hungry, so looked for a restaurant. We found one on the beach - it didn't have a menu outside, it was packed and the dress of the people suggested it would be expensive. It also had chauffeur parking. We didn't even bother going in, but headed back into the village and found another restaurant.
I decided to order a "Chivito" Sandwich - a Uruguayan speciality, as the ingredients looked good - meat, bacon, cheese, tomatoes, eggs, olives, onions, mayonnaise and fries
Later we went back to the beach as it was brightening up. The beach was nice and big and could see the attraction of the place. There were lot's of dead crabs on the beach which gave an unpleasant smell though. I decided to have my first swim in the sea (and the last). It was freezing. There were some big waves and a few surfers out there too - with wet suits!!!
On the way back we stopped at Punta Del Este to watch the sunset, had a nice meal out again, then went to bed more hopeful of a nice sunny day tomorrow.


text:
|Rockwell Labs Founder and CEO Cisse Spragins (center) with the '25 Under 25' award she was presented with recently.
NORTH KANSAS CITY, Mo. — Rockwell Labs Ltd was recently recognized as one of the "25 Under 25" outstanding small businesses in the Kansas City area. Selected companies demonstrate consistent growth, commitment to the community and an ability to overcome challenges. Some 1,200 companies were nominated for the 11th annual awards presented by Thinking Bigger Business Media. Honorees were recognized at an awards gala on March 3rd
Separately, Rockwell founder and CEO, Dr. Cisse Spragins was accepted into the Helzberg Entrepreneurial Mentoring Program (HEMP). The mission of HEMP is to strengthen high-potential entrepreneurs and their organizations through mentoring, participation in the HEMP community, and supportive programming. Spragins was accepted into the three-year program with the fall 2011 class. The multi-step application process included an intensive review of business goals and objectives, business structure, company financials, reference and background checks, and an on-site interview by a committee of twelve business owners and executives.
"I learned of the program a few years ago, and my only regret is not doing it sooner," Spragins said. "The application process is a little off-putting, but the program is phenomenal. My mentor is really wonderful. Most of the decisions I've made over the last 13 years have been pretty lonely ones. Having a network of some 150 business owners and executives as a resource is just amazing."


text:
CDCR Protests Prison Reduction Measures
An official with the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation says the department has submitted a court-ordered list of prison reduction measures, under protest. CDCR Secretary Jeff Beard is also warning that public safety could be jeopardized and progress under the governor's realignment plan seriously undermined.
The court ordered the reduction the state prison system to allow for medical and mental health care that complies with the Constitution. Beard insists California inmates are already getting that level of care. He also says the governor will appeal the court order to the US Supreme Court.


text:
Two teenage girls who sparked a police search after going missing more than a week ago have been found.
Police were said to be growing "increasingly concerned" for the safety of Shadia Browne, 15, and Franchesca Nti, 14, who were last seen in Leyton on Friday, January 24.
The two friends, who are from Waltham Forest, were found 'safe and well' last night, Scotland Yard said.
- More about:
- East London
- Friendship
- Hackney
- London
- Police
- Waltham Forest


text:
Ceramic Tile Floor Info Help
1 Attachment(s)
I've got a pretty plain vanilla installation of ceramic tile in a bathroom. The tile area is 62.5" x 59". I plan to use 13" x 13" tiles, about 1/8" thick. I've had some contractors in (my wife is highly leery of me doing this), and not surprisingly, am getting slightly different installation details.
The bathroom is in a condo built in the mid-1960s. The building itself is a "garden style", all wood, four-story walkup. We're on the third floor.
The original floor was tile on mud, but it had rotted out. I removed everything, including most of the subfloor. Next, I glued and screwed a bunch of 2x12s between the 2x8 joists (standard 16" on center) to reinforce the floor. I then put down 1/2" plywood for the subfloor, using PL subfloor glue and 1-5/8" screws. (Yeah, 5/8" would have been better, but some of the original subfloor was still there, and I didn't want to have different subfloor levels.) When I installed the 1/2" plywood floor, I tried to ensure it was both dead level and dead flat. For the most part, I succeeded, although at a distance of about a foot from the wall behind the toilet, the floor drops off about 1/8".
First off, should self-leveling compound be used to deal with 1/8" drop-off towards the wall behind the toilet?
Next, there's the question of the toilet flange. Depending upon who's doing the measuring, the top of the toilet flange is 1.5" to 1.75" above the new subfloor. I make it 1-5/8", maybe 1-11/16".
Question: where should the finished floor be in relation to the toilet flange? From research, it is clear that having it below the floor is dead wrong. Flush seems right. Others say the finished floor should come just under the bottom of the flange (thereby placing the top of the flange about 1/4" above the finished floor). Too high (1/2" or more) also seems to be a no-no, as that risks the toilet not resting solidly on the floor. After all my research, I get the feeling that having the finished floor either flush with the top of the flange or even with the bottom of the flange is OK -- it's a bit of personal preferance. Any thoughts/corrections?
Whatever the answer, I now need to calculate the "layers". Here's some questions related to that:
In addition, for both the plywood and the HardiBacker board, should these go all the way to the wall's bottom plate, or stop just short of it to allow for expansion? If just short, what should be the gap? Should the gap be caulked (my preference: GE Silicone II) to prevent errant water making its way down to the unit below?
Lastly, should a crack membrane be put down (I'm thinking RedGard)? The HardiBacker board is "waterproof", so that's less of a concern. And, with all my 2x12s between the joists, the floor is pretty darn solid. Plus, after 45+ years, the building should have finished settling. Nevertheless, the building construction is wood ... Any thoughts?
I apologize for the above length, but I wanted to give all the relevant details, and get all the questions on the table upfront. Your thoughts / comments / suggestions -- and expertise! -- are greatly appreciated.
Richard, backer board is not water proof, it will ruin if it gets wet enough.
1/2" is not acceptable ply for tile. Add more ply and use ditra mat for bond of the tile if cbu will raise the floor to much.
If you add 2nd layer of ply run it the other way With but seam in middle like you have the 1st layer but the other direction.
Do you think you can sister the joist to raise that slop instead of slc it?.....
Should have been at least 3/4 T & G subflooring that's installed with constrution adhesive on top of the joist and screwed down with ceramic coated deck screws, that a layer of underlayment rated plywood at least 3/8" thick (1/2" is better) that gets nailed down every 4" on the edges and 6 to 8" in the field.
Tile is a one shot deal, if the subfloor sags or moves at all the grout will fail and the tile will crack.
By just adding another layer of plywood over a 1/2 subfloor I've seen it act like little more then 1/2" shims sitting on the joist and it is lower between the joist. Any gaps between the layers in going to flex.
When I do A tile job I only want to do it once so tend to over build it.
What the hell is the: " crap all about? Something isn't working properly.
Thanks for the replies.
Right now, I'm thinking what needs to go down is another layer of plywood (3/4" this time), then 1/4" backerboard with 1/8" thinset, then 1/8" tile with 1/8" thinset. This will result in a total thickness of 1-3/8", which is just below the top of the flange.
JetSweet, your help with the following would be greatly appreciated:
Thanks for all your help!
Thanks for your reply as well -- it came in while I was posting my original reply.
I think you're saying I'm on the right track, but should definitely RedGard. Will do.
Couple of questions:
Richard, yes the T&G only would of helped but it's a small bathroom and your 2nd ply layer perpendicular from 1st will help void the but seam from the 1st layer.
The choice is yours to use ditra or cbu and red guard it the only difference is the ply size to fit the hight but it sounds like you got it figured out from every one posting help for you.
In a condo situation you may have rules (covenants) that require you to waterproof a bathroom floor anytime it is above the first floor. I have no idea what your rules command, if anything.
I personally think waterproofing the bath floor is a good idea if you are the one with the exposure and liability if there is a leak that results in damage to someone elses unit. But, to totally waterproof a space such as this is basically impossible. If you experience a catastrophic leak there isn't much you can do other than keep your insurance premiums paid.
Any attempt at waterproofing would be nothing more than a temporary stop-gap effort.
I would install the backer board, caulk the crap out of the juncture using siliconized caulk but NOT 100% silicone caulk. Then apply Redgard to everything especially at and over the caulked gap and up the wall slightly, hiding it behind the baseboard.
I would like to know where you are finding 13" tiles that are only 1/8" in thickness. You should measure the tiles again if you feel the measurements are that critical.
The choice using nails as opposed to screws (or vicee-versee) is your choice. One is not (in this case) necessarily better than another.
P.S. Jet is correct about the lapping of the plywood joints. T&G plywood isn't totally necessary in this case and you would gain nothing from using it.
Hi everyone, Hi Bud.:thumbsup:
Thin set under CBU will be barely 1/16" using a thin mix with 1/4x1/4 trowel.
Jet keeps telling people to install the 2nd layer of ply parallel with the joists, which of course is wrong. You should offset the seams but the face grain should always go perpendicular to the joists. That is the orientation of the stiffest way to install all subfloors and underlayment.
Thanks anyway Jaz
Umm, I was gonna ask about installing the additional 3/4" plywood in the same direction as the subfloor, albeit making sure the seams on the top layer do NOT line up with the bottom layer. The reason is that I want to use the larger Hardibacker board (4'x8') in order to place the CBU seam parallel with and close to the wall behind the toilet, and I take it that the CBU seam should be perpendicular to the the plywood seam. Yes, there shouldn't be a problem with a CBU seam in the middle of the floor, but I'm very respectful of Murphy's Law and so try to design out problems wherever I can. It does raise the cost slightly (about $15) but that's turning out to be a drop in the bucket. So, can I take JazMan's advice to lay the additional 3/4" plywood in the same direction as the subfloor?
Finally, Bud, you were spot-on about the thickness of the tile. That 1/8 inch must have been taken from another tile we were looking at. The thickness of the 13x13 tile is 5/16". Thanks for making sure I fly straight!
Richard, you need to offset the seam of the 1st ply other words take the weakness out, grain face runs in 2 different way in ply, so your building strength not from joist but the 1 st layer.
This is the way I have been doing it for many years with no issues. Bottom line is you can run it same way as 1st but its silly you won't be able to off set it right.
Face-grain is important in most all cases, listen to Jaz, he is offering the correct industry acceptable method. When lapping the seams, previous seams should be lapped by 25%. When placing fasteners those fasteners should be installed into the previous layer deliberatly missing all floor joists. Don't install fasteners used for subsequent layers directly into the floor joists. And don't use adhesive. Fasten only to the earlier product.
Wood grains do run in two different directions when plywood is assembled. Face-grains however always run in the same direction.
I wouldn't recommend cement board seams be placed in a "path". Meaning...any room will have a predetermined "path" where first steps are taken when entering the room and where typically everyone will walk and the floor will bear weight. Try to avoid those areas when installing CBU seams. CBU seams should be off and away in small rooms when possible.
CBU seams are to be taped with mesh tape and then filled and covered with thinset. Typically this can be simultaneously accomplished when installing the tile but the depth of the CBU seam should be purposely addressed with thinset.
There are standards already written for all of these techniques. If a person performs contrary to those standards without issue it doesn't make his actions correct or professional.
I have been scratching my a$$ for more than six decades but that doesn't make me a proctologist.:)
@ bud, then how would the 2nd layer be placed if you were installing it. I understand what your saying but I personally think face grain hold little value on a second layer of ply.
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Mrs. Bonneville County helps women learn defense skills
IDAHO FALLS, Idaho - Statistics show that at least 80 percent of all sexual assaults are committed by an acquaintance of the victim.
To help fight that number, Mrs. Bonneville County America and the Apple Athletic Club teamed up Saturday to offer mothers and daughters a free self defense class.
Master Jeremy Hebard, a fifth degree black belt, taught the women how to escape an attacker, the mindset of being in an altercation, and easy moves to escape an attack unharmed.
"Awareness and prevention -- just being aware of your surroundings is 99 percent of your safety, actually," said Hebard.
"I wanted women to be able to understand that you might be smaller but you can still fight back," said Jennifer Mathewson, Mrs. Bonneville County. "
Fighting back means stopping the attack and getting away."
Hebard said training in martial arts will help anyone learn self defense techniques and people of all ages can sign up for a class.


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Please click on "Why do Animals Get Sick?" and "Energy Medicine-Blueprint For Glowing Health for Pets and People". Then go to my electronic store and search for the indicated products listed. For specific advice for cause and treatment of a specific illness, lameness and pain, please scroll down this page to the related article. Dr. Dodd
As I have stated in previous chapters on the bird, and rodent, many of the emergencies and energy therapies apply to reptiles, except to induce vomiting- don't try, this technique only applies to mammal carnivores (dogs and cats).
Trauma to a snake, turtle or lizard is handled the same way, any wounds are cleaned with warm water and non detergent castile soap, then Calendula Ointment is applied with a Q-tip to the wound several times daily as needed. Give Calming Essence one drop by mouth to relieve anxiety, fear and stress. For dosing with homeopathic remedies, I have a handy ½ oz plastic squirt bottle in which 2-4 tablets of the needed remedies are dissolved in a small amount of bottled spring water (never use tap water-it is full of chlorine and other chemicals and may harm your pet). Dose by mouth #3 (Arnica 6x) for pain and swelling, and # 15 (Hydrastis 6x) if there is trauma to the mucous membranes of the mouth, #13 (Ferrum Phos 12x) for bleeding and #16 (Hypericum Perf 6x) if there are puncture wounds.
Or you may order the more convenient form of these remedies in one formula, "Tissue Injury 30c" from the Custom Homeopathy Formula Remedy section of my electronic store. All mentioned remedies can be purchased separately or packaged conveniently in my Emergency First Aid Kits with Handbook of instructions. For bacterial infected wounds add #14 (Hepar Sulf 12x). Dose on basis of acute schedule: repeat every 10 minutes for the first hour then once hourly for several hours first day, then 3-6 times daily as needed.
Some reptiles can develop a urinary tract infection. Signs are increased volumes of urine three
days after a meal. The urine may have blood, be straw colored or be clear colored with an ammonia -like smell. Give #15 (Hydrastis 6x), #6(Berberis Vulgaris 6x), #8 (Cantharis 6x), add #13 (Ferrum Phos 12x) if there is blood tinged or straw colored urine, or you may order the convenient all in one remedy "Cystitis 30C Formula". If early in condition, dose according to acute schedule. Otherwise 3-6 times daily as needed should be sufficient. I prefer not to give antibiotics, due to susceptibility of these pets to fungal infections.
Eye infections can be common in all reptiles. Apply a small bit of the antibacterial antibiotic to a Q-tip and repeat 1-2 times daily as needed
Please check out my complete line of Custom Homeopathic formula remedies, and Emergency First Aid Kits with illustrative Handbook in the electronic store. They really come in handy.
Some marine reptiles can develop chronic chemical toxicities if kept in tap water. Tap water is chlorinated, may have heavy metals, bcp's and other contaminants. This will shorten your pet's life and make him susceptible to disease. Use only filtered bottled spring water that has been analyzed to be free of chemicals. I like to put a large quartz crystal in the aquarium (or even the vivarium of non marine species) to strengthen the electromagnetic fields of the pets. This helps to keep them healthy and strong.
Also be sure to protect yourself and your pet from noxious energy fields by neutralizing the house's electrical panel with a Tri-Pak anti-radiation device.
Good organic, unpolluted nutrition, carefully monitored temperature control and protection from accidental predation by dogs and cats can prevent a lot of sad ends to these beautiful gentle creatures.
Vitamin-Mineral supplementation is important: Turtles for example have a lot of bone to nourish, and a young turtle, a lot to grow. Vitamin D and direct sunlight are important or soft shell may result.
Sunlight through a glass window loses most of the ultraviolet rays. You can purchase "full spectrum sunlight" flourescent bulbs, which will prevent this. One I like is called "Vita-Light" made by Network Marketing in San Francisco, (415) 821-3652, but I'm sure any good quality pet shop would carry these.
A good reference book on turtles as pets
is the book, Turtles As Pets by Mervin F. Roberts, published by
TFH publications, inc. 59 Station Road, Redhill, Surry England.
All products mentioned are found in the product section of our electronic store
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Experiments are under way at the Delft University of Technology in the Netherlands to create a system of street lights that operate at 20 per cent power unless their motion sensors are triggered. The lights will be wirelessly linked so that when the first one to sense an approaching pedestrian or car switches on, the nearby lights will follow.
In a bid to reduce traffic congestion and pollution, a city in Spain called Murcia is offering its citizens a lifetime tram pass in exchange for a working car. The cars will then be transformed into interactive art pieces, displayed in unusual locations to be dismantled one piece at a time when comments appear on the project's Facebook page.
A Japanese initiative called Luna Ring plans to use solar panels to generate energy. This may seem unexceptional at first glance, but the project aims to put these solar panels on the moon.
In order to tap into the energy, lasers will be fired at the moon and the electricity will transfer to receivers on earth.


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Each student is different. The way you learn, your family or work responsibilities and where you live are all important factors to consider when choosing a college.
If you're wondering whether earning a degree through online study is right for you, check out these frequently asked questions, which should give you a better sense of what life is like for an online student.
Is Online College Right for You?
Why attend online college?
There are several benefits to taking college courses online, including never having to travel to campus or attend class at a specific time. Instead, you can participate in your classes during the times that work best for you. It helps to create a work/life balance. Although you are still held to deadlines and standards, you can work on your courses at times that work for you.
How do I know online college is right for me?
During our admissions process, your representative will discuss your goals and individual learning style. They will also cover the benefits and demands of online classes. You will have the opportunity to take a virtual tour of an online class and ask questions. Only if it looks like a good fit for you will the representative recommend you continue with enrollment.
Can you describe a successful online student?
Our most successful online students demonstrate effective time-management skills, written communications, and the ability to navigate the Internet. A successful online student is also responsible and dedicated.
Online College: The Basics
What is the difference between traditional and online programs?
In reality, it's just the way you take classes. Our online degree programs were designed to be identical to our more traditional residential programs.
What kind of activities can I expect in online courses?
It varies from one course to another, but examples of online activities include: discussion boards, group projects, research papers, interactive learning modules, quizzes and exams.
Will my online classes be more or less work than traditional courses?
It depends on the course and your talents. An online class may require as much or more time and effort than a traditional class. Again, time management will be key to your success.
How much time should I plan to spend on an online class?
We suggest you plan to spend two to four hours per credit per week. For a four-credit course, that means 8 to 16 hours each week.
Are there deadlines for class assignments?
Yes. Each week, a typical online class will require you to post on a discussion board by Thursday and respond to classmates by Sunday evening. You will also have quizzes, assignments, projects or exams with specific deadlines. This will help you prepare for your future career by practicing time management while you are in college.
Will I need to study and be online daily?
Most successful students work on their online classes most days, but it is not required. We suggest you schedule time every day to read, participate in discussions, or check for your instructor's comments.
Do I have to be online at specific times?
No. You can log in at your convenience, as long as you meet deadlines for assignments and discussion boards. However, if you go one week without logging into your courses, you will be sent an attendance reminder. If you meet your discussion board requirements each week (submitting them by their due dates within that unit), you will earn perfect attendance.
How do I apply to Globe University?
Begin by requesting information from admissions. An representative will contact you to arrange an information session.
Will my diploma indicate that I attended online classes?
No. Your transcript and diploma will not indicate whether you were enrolled in an online or on-campus program.
Can I participate in a graduation ceremony?
Yes! We have graduation ceremonies every quarter, and would love to see you there. Globe University's online students can participate in a graduation ceremony near Richfield, Minn., every quarter. If that is not convenient, you are welcome to participate in a ceremony at any Globe University or Minnesota School of Business location; we have campuses in communities throughout Minnesota, Wisconsin and South Dakota.
Do I need to come to a campus for anything?
No. Unless you prefer to come to a campus, an admissions representative will help you handle everything over the phone or Internet.
How will I register for my classes?
Your admissions representative will arrange a telephone appointment with an academic coordinator to schedule your classes and talk about academic policies and procedures.
Is Globe University an accredited online university?
Yes. Globe University is nationally accredited by the Accrediting Council for Independent Colleges and Schools (ACICS) to offer online degree programs.
Online College: Technology Requirements
Do I need to own a computer?
It is highly recommended that you do. If you do not own a computer, we encourage you to have several options available—a friend's or family member's, for example. It is not a good idea to count on a student computer lab or public library as your only access.
Do I need high-speed internet access?
It's a good idea. Course materials include weekly lectures and may include videos and webcasts, and you will need to submit assignments and quizzes.
What technology is required?
You will need a computer with Microsoft Office and internet access. Some courses have more requirements. Visit our student website for the specific system requirements.
How do I get my textbooks?
If you are an undergraduate student, you can order textbooks through our online bookstore. However, most of our courses now have ebooks that do not require you to order them. If you are a graduate student, you will use e-books and other online resources.
Where will I access my course materials?
Our online academic delivery platform, CampusConnect, is where you will download course content, participate in discussion boards, submit assignments, and contact instructors and fellow students.
What experience do I need with technology?
You should be comfortable using the Internet for email and research. If you have questions about specific skills, contact us. A representative can provide more specific information.
Will I have student email?
Yes. After you complete your online application and submit your application fee*, information about your email account will be mailed to you in your acceptance packet. Once you set up the account, it is recommended that you check your student email regularly for announcements and updates.
*The application fee has been waived for students in all programs, with the exception of nursing, until October 4, 2015.
Online College: Support
Can online students receive federal financial aid?
Yes, qualified students can receive financial aid, including grants, loans and scholarships.
Will I receive help in applying for financial aid?
Yes. When you apply—and throughout your time at Globe University—a financial aid administrator will help you identify scholarship opportunities and provide step-by-step instructions on applying for federal loans and grants.
Do you offer online student services?
Yes. Our services including academic advising, free online tutoring, seven-days-a-week technology support, librarian chat and email help, and ongoing job-search assistance from your career services advisor.
Who do I call for help?
During the admissions process and through registration for classes, your admissions representative will answer your questions or connect you with the right person. After you begin classes, you can contact your instructors, your academic advisor, your dean of students, your career services advisor, or your financial aid administrator with questions.
Who do I contact with questions?
Request information from admissions or call us toll free at 1-877-655-7676.
Online College: Virtual Classroom
Who are the instructors?
Members of the faculty at our online college are experienced professionals in their areas of instruction. They also have excellent and high-level academic credentials.
How will I communicate with my instructors?
Your instructors will hold weekly online office hours during which you can reach them via email and phone. At other times of the week, you can email them or leave a post on a message board and receive a reply within 24 hours.
Will I be able to interact with other students?
Yes. You will be able to email students and participate in discussion threads and group projects. Many online students develop long-lasting friendships and professional relationships.


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To shard or not to shard
[Contributed by Mateusz Kyc]
IT industry is one big word generator. Even better, it is a meaning generator. There are words or acronyms to describe every single functionality, but the same time one word can describe a bunch of different functionalities or one functionality can be described by two or more different words.Recently I have found an old article about differences between sharding and partitioning in general. This article tries to describe sharding as partitioning. It is not my aim to judge on this but I would like to write a couple of sentences about use of sharding.
How does it work?
Sharding is simply a division of a big set of data into many small packs. Databases are the specimen - you divide your old big database in many small databases each located on a separate machine. You rely on application level layer to decide to which "shard" to send query (here is a small difference from partitioning where decision is made at database level).
When to use it?
Always! That was a joke - do not do it. Sharding can be useful in many cases but sometimes is better not to use it. Let's focus on two scenarios today. In first scenario let's look into example of social website with image upload option. User can upload a big set of photos at once. Classic master-slave architecture of database will fail sooner or later because it is designed to handle a huge number of select queries. All insert statements go via master server so it will became performance bottleneck. We can use sharding architecture in this example to pass each insert to a separate database. Thanks to this users will not suffer from "ages taking" uploads. A given master controller application has to decide to which database insert should go and that's it. Next scenario will describe searching problem. Let's take company with enormous set of historical data. An analyst from this company wants to analyze it. Data is stored in one database. The analyst created quite advanced algorithm to find interesting data. He even translated this algorithm into some freaking complicated PL/SQL procedure, started this procedure and ... now he can wait until next year. Such situations happen quite often. Even with best partitioning and a rocket science, advanced, SINGLE database you just cannot do this. You can invest millions of dollars and buy a brand new shiny high-end database cluster but why do it if you can use your department PC's as grid infrastructure. Put a small set of data in each PC and perform search again and again. This scenario shows power of grid-based sharding infrastructure for searching. At application level query is decided to be sent to all nodes or just to some subgroups. Each node searches in its small database and returns results. In a jiffy you have your results and you saved your money. Power plant engineer is the only one who noticed that you have been calculating something.
Is it used?
Yes, regarding first example, Flickr is exactly what I am writing about. This is the way they do it. There is an article on the web with detailed description. Regarding second scenario, Google can be used as an example. They are not doing sharding on databases but the way they divide data is very similar to sharding from architectural point of view. Map-reduce operation on cloud/grid/you-name-it architecture is one of the best patterns how to solve "big-search" scenario.
So what?
Industry faces different problems but sooner or later each company will need to work on big data-sets or will need more compute power. It is a smart movement to introduce scalable infrastructure elements in your company and database sharding on grid infrastructure can be the first step in good direction.


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Ask an Eye Doctor and Get an Answer ASAP
yes, i am now
I'm here now; I'm sorry I had to step away from my desk for a time. Are you still available?
In my experience as a cataract surgeon, it definitely IS unusual to have a blood clot in the eye that obscures vision, especially three weeks after surgery. How long has the blood clot been there? Did it develop immediately after surgery?
Yes, the next day. I was told this would be a "no blood surgery procedure" cause I am on cumidin for Afib problem. Was told not to worry, and do not change my meds.
Do you know if this blood clot is improving significantly?


text:
Article Preview
MRS. OSCAR HOMOLKA, HUNGARIAN ACTRESS; Former Baroness Vally Hatvany, 24, Wife of Actor
Wireless to THE NEW YORK TIMES. ();
April 06, 1938,
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Mrs. Oscar Homolka, formerly Baroness Vally Hatvany, Hungarian actress, died of blood poisoning today. She was 24 years old.
April 06, 1938
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Children receiving measles-containing vaccines at 12-15 months of age have a lower increased risk of fever and seizures than those who receive them at 16-23 months of age, according to a new Kaiser Permanente study published in JAMA Pediatrics.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends a two-dose series of measles-containing vaccines, with the first dose administered at 12-15 months and the second dose at 4-6 years of age. Most children receive their first dose of a measles-containing vaccine between the ages of 12 and 23 months; approximately 85 percent of children receive it by 19 months of age. The study found that receiving the first dose by 15 months provides a benefit to children.
"We found that the magnitude of increased risk of fever and seizures following immunization with measles-containing vaccines during the second year of life depends on age," said Ali Rowhani-Rahbar, MD, MPH, PhD, lead author of the study. "While measles-containing vaccines administered at 12-15 months of age are associated with a small risk of fever and seizures following immunization, delayed administration at 16-23 months of age results in a greater risk of those adverse events."
Previous studies have shown that these vaccines administered to children 12-23 months of age are associated with an increased risk of febrile seizures one to two weeks following immunization. This is the period of time during which the vaccine virus replication is at its peak, potentially causing fever. The resulting fever may cause some children to experience a seizure.
"Kaiser Permanente's guidelines for measles-containing vaccines are in line with the CDC's recommendations," said Matthew F. Daley, MD, a pediatrician and senior investigator at Kaiser Permanente Colorado's Institute for Health Research. "This study's findings reinforce for parents that these vaccines are safer when children receive them at 12 to 15 months of age."
While febrile seizures are the most common neurologic adverse events following immunization with measles-containing vaccines, senior author and co-director of the Kaiser Permanente Vaccine Study Center, Nicola Klein, MD, PhD, notes that the risk is small regardless of age: "Medically attended febrile seizures following immunization with measles-containing vaccines are not common events. Concerned parents should understand that the risk for febrile seizures after any measles-containing vaccine is low -- less than one febrile seizure per 1,000 injections."
Using data from the Vaccine Safety Datalink, a collaborative effort of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and nine managed care organizations, Kaiser Permanente researchers evaluated the potential modifying effect of age on the risk of fever and seizures following immunization with different combinations of vaccines: any measles-containing vaccines; and the measles, mumps, rubella and varicella vaccine compared with the measles, mumps and rubella vaccine administered with or without a separate varicella vaccine. Researchers evaluated the records of 840,348 children 12-23 months of age who had received a measles-containing vaccine between January 2001 and December 2011.
Following immunization with any measles-containing vaccine, the incidence of fever and seizures during days 7-10 was significantly greater than any other time during the 42-day post-immunization interval in all age groups. The patterns for the incidence of fever and seizures were different during the period of observation.
Consistent with findings in previous studies, the incidence of fever and seizures during the 7-10 days following immunization with MMRV was significantly greater than that following immunization with MMR+V.
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